FROM THE LIBRARY OF
REV. LOUIS FITZGERALD BENSON, D. D.
BEQUEATHED BY HIM TO
THE LIBRARY OF
PRINCETON THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY
Diyiaiott ^CZ CL
Sectfott /O^O
RECORDS (^MAY16 1932
y^ OF THE
</y
Presbyterian Church
^■\
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
EMBRACING THE
MINUTES OF THE GENERAL PRESBYTERY AND
GENERAL SYNOD
1706-1788
TOGETHER WITH AN INDEX
MINUTES OF THE GENERAL CONVENTION FOR
RELIGIOUS LIBERTY
1766-1775
PHILADELPHIA
PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION
AND SABBATH-SCHOOL WORK
1319 WALNUT STREET
1904
PREFACE
These Records embrace tlie following important documents connected
with the early history of the Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A.,
Minutes of the General Presbytery from A. D. 1706 to 1716;
Minutes of the General Synod from a. d. 1717 to 1758 ;
Minutes of the Synod of New York from a. d. 1745 to 1758; and
Minutes of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia from a. d. 1758
to 1788.
The earlier editions were issued in 1841 and 1856, but without an Index.
The General Synod in 1786 gave expression to the desirability of an Index
to the manuscript records, but there is no evidence that it ever was pre-
pared. The Stated Clerk of the General Assembly recently brought the
matter to the attention of the Assembly, and he was authorized to have
the Index prepared and published. Through the kind co-operation of the
Board of Publication and Sunday-School Work, this new edition contain-
ing the Index is issued, with the addition of the Minutes of the General
Convention for Religious Liberty, etc , held by delegates from the General
Synod of the Presbyterian Church and the General Association of the
Churches of Connecticut, from 1766 to 1775. The volume is a most
valuable portion of the Historical Records of our Church.
WM. H. ROBERTS,
Stated Clerh.
ADVERTISEMENT.
For several years past the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church
in the United States of America, have adopted measures for the full and
complete publication of their minutes, including those of the Presbytery of
Philadelphia, during the period that it was the only Presbyterian judicatory
in the country ; and of the Synods of New York and Philadelphia, during the
time that they, separated or united, were the highest judicatories known to the
Church ; thus securing, as far as these records might embody it, a connected
history of the Presbyterian Church, from its earliest organization in this
country, to the present time.
Various difficulties have occurred to defeat the execution of this very desira-
ble object ; and in May, 1840, the General Assembly directed their Stated
Clerk to promote the publication, if practicable, through the agency of the
Presbyterian Board of Publication. The subject was accordingly proposed, and
the Executive Committee of the Board, with great unanimity, resolved to ad-
venture at least on the publication of a preliminary volume, embracing the
earlier records until the period of the organization of the General Assembly;
with the intention of completing the plan, provided the demand for the work
should justify them in incurring the heavy expense of such an enterprise.
The subscriber, being both Stated Clerk of the General Assembly, and
Editor of the Board of Publication, has been entrusted with the preparation of
the Minutes for the press. In fulfilment of the duties of his appointment,
he has thought it advisable to preface the Records with a very brief introduc-
tion, and to connect the several parts by some explanatory remarks.
Among the records of the earliest Presbytery and Synod, is a letter-book,
(iii)
iv ADVERTISEMENT.
containing, besides copies of a part of the correspondence of these bodies,
certain memoranda which should properly have been inserted in the body of
the minutes. The letters and the memoranda have been appended as notes to
the minutes under their proper dates, thus giving the history more fulness and
continuity.
It must be a subject of gratulation in the Church, that by this publication
the early records of the Church, which were in danger of perishing, have
been secured in a permanent form; and it is to be hoped, that the eager de-
mand for this volume will lead to the completion of the plan, by the
publication in full of all the Minutes of the General Assembly to the present
time.
WILLIAM M. ENGLES.
Philadelphia, January, 1841.
EECOEDS
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
PRELIMINARY SKETCH.
The Presbyterian Churcli assumed its ecclesiastical form in the United
States, at a date posterior to the establishment of the Puritans, Roman Catho-
lics, Quakers, and Episcopalians. It is to be presumed that individuals of
this denomination, in the spirit of personal enterprise, had emigrated at an
early date of the settlement of the country, and were scattered throughout the
Colonies ; but they were in no place sufficiently numerous to associate in a con-
gregational, much less in a presbyterial capacity. The Puritans of New Eng-
land, and the Quakers of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey, had emi-
grated from religious motives ; and as they wished to preserve their distinctive
religious character in a land far removed from the vexatious evils, to which per-
secution had subjected them in the place of their birth, they came in large
numbers, and selected their residence with a view to peaceful religious associa-
tion. The cause which principally influenced them, had as yet exerted no
power over the Presbyterians of Scotland and Ireland. In the peaceful enjoy-
ment of their religious rights, they had no inducement, or rather were com-
pelled by no necessity, to flee to the uncultivated wilds of America.
Soon after the restoration of Charles II., however, the Presbyterians of
Scotland and Ireland were subjected to a persecution, which increased in viru-
lence in proportion to the resistance which was opposed to a corrupt monarch's
will. The subversion of the cherished religion of a nation, and the substitution
of another, which, for many considerations, was particularly obnoxious, could
not be accomplished without resorting to the most inhuman proscriptions and
banishments. These attempts to impose Episcopacy on Presbyterians, which
were relentlessly pursued until the accession of William III., rendered the
provinces of America a desirable refuge for those who could not, without peril
of life, cherish their religious preferences in the place of their nativity. (
The first churches established in this country under Presbyterian organiza-
tion were situated in Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey.
In these provinces religious liberty was secured by the original proprietors.
The following may be considered as an agreeable specimen of the temper
(V)
vi PRELIMINARY SKETCH.
wbicli characterized the laves of these provinces on the subject of religion. It
is an enactment in relation to Pennsylvania, and is in these veords : — " That
all persons living in this province, who confess and acknowledge one Almighty
and Eternal God to be the Creator, Upholder, and lluler of the world, and that
hold themselves obliged in conscience to live peaceably and justly in civil
society, shall in noways be molested or prejudiced for their religious persuasion
or practice, in matters of faith and worship ; nor shall they be compelled, at any
time, to frequent or maintain any religious worship, place, or ministry, what-
ever." This recognition of religious liberty had great influence upon those who
had recently experienced the horrors of intolerance; in selecting these provinces
for their permanent residence.
In tracing the history of the first societies which were established for reli-
gious worship by these emigrants in a new country, and at a period so remote,
there will necessarily be a difficulty in ascertaining the precise circumstances
under which they were founded. In some instances the sparseness of the
population, or the poverty of the people, induced persons of different persua-
sions to unite their strength, and congregate without an immediate reference to
denominational organization. This, however, was soon found to be incon-
venient, and the plan was abandoned as soon as practicable. As accurately
as it can now be ascertained, the first Presbyterian church in this country was
organized in Philadelphia, about the year 1GU8 ; and it is probable that the
churches at Snowhill, Rehoboth, Monokin, and Wicomico, on the eastern shore
of Maryland, were organized about the same period.
When the ministers who harmonized in their views of Christian doctrine
and ecclesiastical government, had become sufficiently numerous, they consti-
tuted themselves into a Presbytery. In consequence of the irrecoverable loss
of the first leaf of the Minutes of this body, we are unable to ascertain the
precise date of their ecclesiastical association; but judging from the first date
which appears on page 3d of these Ilecords, it must have been about the begin-
ning of the year 1705. This Presbytery of Philadelphia consisted of seven
ministers, viz : Francis McKemie, John Hampton, George McNish, Samuel
Davis, all, from the best accounts, emigrants from Ireland, and exercising their
ministry on the eastern shore of Maryland j Nathaniel Taylor, from Scotland,
and settled in Upper Marlborough ; John Wilson, also from Scotland, settled
in New Castle ; and Jcdediah Andrews, from New England, and settled in
Philadelphia. To these may be added John Boyd, who was the first person
ordained by the new Presbyter}-, in 170G, and settled in Freehold, New
Jersey.
The Minutes of this body, as being the first Presbyterian judicatory in the
country, stand first in the order of publication. The abruptness of the com-
mencement is to be attributed to the loss of the fii'st leaf of the records, to
which we have before referred.
CONTENTS.
PART I.
MINUTES OF THE PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA, FROM 1706 TO 1717. 9
PART II.
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA, FROM 1717 TO 1758. - 48
PART III.
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK, FROM 1745 TO 1758. - - 233
PART IV.
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA,
FROM 1758 TO 1788. 285
(vii)
PART FIEST.
MINUTES OF THE PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA.
FROM THE YEAR 1706 TO THE YEAR 1717.
1706.
— De regimine ecdesiee, which being heard was approved of and sustained.
He gave in also his thesis to be considered of against next sederunt.
Sederunt 2d. 10 bris. 27.
Post preces sederunt, Mr. Francis McKemie, Moderator, Messrs. Jedediah
Andrews, and John Hampton, Ministers.
Mr. John Boyd performed the other parts of his trials, viz. preached a
popular sermon on John i. 12 ; defended his thesis ; gave satisfaction as to his
skill in the languages, and answered to extemporary questions ; all which were
approved of and sustained.
Appointed his ordination to be on the next Lord's day, the 29th inst., which
was accordingly performed in the public meeting house of this place, before a
numerous assembly j and the next day he had the certificate of his ordination.
1707.
March 22d, 1707.
At a meeting of the Presbytery held at Philadelphia, ^os^^reces se(?en/«/',
Messrs. John Wilson, Jedediah Andrews, Nathaniel Taylor, George McNish,
Ministers. Joseph Yard, William Smith, John Gardener, James Stoddard,
Elders.
Master John Wilson, by plurality of votes was chosen Moderator, Mr. George
McNish was chosen Clerk to the Presbytery.
This day a letter sent by Mr. Samuel Davis to the Presbytery, was presented
to them ; it being moved by one of the members that the letter might be read,
it was accordingly read and considered, and Mr. Davis his reasons for excusing
his absence from this and the preceding meeting of the Presbytery, were not
sustained by the Presbytery.
Ordered that the next dyet of the Presbytery be held upon Tuesday, at four
o'clock, in the afternoon.
Mr. Francis McKemie and Mr. John Wilson, are appointed to preach upon
Tuesday, upon the subjects appointed them at the last Presbytery, from Heb.
i. 1, 2 v., by way of exercise and addition.
March 25th.
Post preces sederunt, John Wilson, &c. This day Mr. Francis McKemie and
Mr. John Wilson delivered their discourses according to appointment, and were
approved by the Presbytery.
Ordered, that a letter be writ, and sent to Mr. Samuel Davis in the name of
the Presbytery, by Master John Wilson, requiring him to be present at our
next meeting in this place.
2 (9)
10 MINUTES OF THE [1708.
Appointed that the letters sent from the people of Snow Hill in Somerset, be
read before the Presbytery.
The letters were accordingly read, and their contents were duly considered by
the Presbytery. And whereas, the aforesaid people do by their representatives
and letters earnestly address the Presbytery for their joynt concurrence, and
assistance in prosecuting their call to Mr. John Hampton, that he may under-
take the work of the 31inistry among them, as their settled and proper 31iuister
and Pastor.
. Ordered by the Presbytery, that the call be sent to Mr. Hampton, by the
foresaid people, and also, the other paper containing their subscriptions for his
encouragement to undertake the work of the Ministry among them, be given
to Mr. Hampton to peruse and consider, which accordingly were given him.
Ordered, That whereas Mr. Hampton, after his receiving the call to him from
the people at Snowhill, gave several satisfactory reasons, why he could not at
this time comply with it; that the said Mr. Hampton may have the call and
the paper of subscription continued in his hands for his further perusal, till the
next Presbytery.
Ordered further, in this affair, that a letter be sent in name of the Presby-
tery to the people of Snowhill, to encourage their endeavours for a settled
minister among them, and that Mr. Nathaniel Taylor write the letter expressing
the mind of the Presbytery, which was accordingly done.
Appointed that the Presbytery meet to-morrow at ten o'clock, and that Mr.
Andrews and Mr. John Boyd, prepare some overtures to be considered by the
Presbytery, for propagating religion in their respective congregations.
3Iarch 2G th. Post preces sederunt, the moderator, &c.
Ordered by the Presbytery, that Mr. Francis McKemie write to Scotland, to
Mr. Alexander Coldin, minister of Oxam, of the Presbytery of , and to
give an account of the state and circumstances of the dissenting Presbyterian
interest among the people in and about Lewistown, and to signify the earnest
desires of that people, for the said Mr. Coldin's coming over to be their minis-
ter ; and that Mr. McKemie make report of his diligence herein against the
next Presbytery.
The Presbytery appoints Mr. John Wilson to write to the Presbytery of
, to the effect aforesaid, and make report of his care herein against the next
Presbytery.
Overtures proposed to the Presbytery and agreed upon, for propagating the
interest of religion :
First, That every minister in their respective congregations, read and com-
ment upon a chapter of the Bible every Lord's day, as discretion and circum-
stances of time, place, &c., will admit.
Second over : That it be recommended to every minister of the Presbytery to
set on foot and encourage private Christian societies.
Third over : That every minister of the Presbytery supply neighbouring deso-
late places where a minister is wanting, and opportunity of doing good offers.
The Presbytery do appoint Mr. Jedediah Andrews and Mr. Nathaniel Taylor,
to prepare a Presbyterial sermon, each of them to be delivered against the next
IVesbytery. Mr. Andrews to discourse from Heb. i. chap. 3. v. the//'s^, and
Mr. Taylor from latter part of the verse.
Appointed tliat the Presbytery meet upon the first Tuesday of April, 1708,
at Philadelphia, and this meeting was concluded.
1708.
3Iai/ the ISth.
At a meeting of the Presbytery at Philadelphia, 1708, post preces sederunt,
Ministers, Messrs. Samuel Davis, John Wilson, Jedediah Andrews, Nathaniel
1708.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 11
Taylor^ John Hampton, John Boyd. Elders, Joseph Yard, Bell, Jjhn
Gray.
Mr. Samuel Davis was chosen Moderator.
Ordered by the Presbytery, that Mr. Jedediah Andrews deliver his Presbyte-
rial exercise to-morrow at 10 of the clock, in the meeting house ; and that Mr.
Nathaniel Taylor deliver his on Friday next, at 10 of the clock in the morning.
This day was read before the Presbytery, a letter sent by the people of and about
White Clay Creek, in New Castle County, importing their desire and petition to
the Presbytery, to have the ordinances of the gospel administered with more
convenience and nearness to the place of their abode, for the greater advantage
and ease to their several families, promising withal due encouragement to the
minister that shall be appointed thus to supply them.
Ordered by the Presbytery that this letter be read at the next session, to-
morrow afternoon, and that another letter from some persons about Apoquinimy
be considered against the next dyet of the Presbytery at the time aforesaid.
This day was also read a letter from several persons in the town of New
Castle, wherein they crave that the people of White Clay Creek may not be
suffered to set up a meeting house in the country, that their meeting house and
congregation in New Castle may not be damaged by this rupture of their fellow
members of White Clay Creek.
Ordered that this letter be considered by the next session of the Presbytery.
May 19, Sessione Ida. post preces, &c.
Mr. Davis satisfied the Presbytery for his absence the former year.
Ordered by the Presbytery that there be a letter sent to the people of Snow
Hill, requiring their faithfulness and care in collecting the tobacco promised by
subscription to Mr. Hampton.
Ordered that Mr. Wilson, Mr. Andrews, and Mr. Hampton, speak with Mr.
Joseph Smith, and the people of Cohanzy, about his settlement and ordination.
Mr. Wilson, Mr. Andrews, and Mr. Hampton, made their report, what it is
Mr. Smith and the people of Cohanzy desire, viz : That some might be ap-
pointed to wait upon Mr. Smith and the people of Cohanzy.
Ordered by the Presbytery that, upon the desire of Mr. Smith and the people
of Cohanzy, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Andrews, and Mr. Boyd shall wait upon them at
Cohanzy, in order to his ordination, and the people are to present them a call
to the said Mr. Smith.
The trials appointed by the Presbytery to Mr. Smith, an fides solum jmtificet,
for sermon, John vi. 37, last part of the verse. Mr. Andrews to be moderator,
and the people are to give three weeks advertisement.
Ordered that Mr. McNish and Mr. Davis attend Mr. Hampton in the day of
his inauguration, and Mr. Davis shall preceed. [preside ?]
Ordered that the Presbytery adjourn till Thursday, at 9 o'clock, forenoon.
May 20, Sessione Stia. post jjveces, &c.
Mr. McKemie did, according to his order, write to Mr. Coldin, in Oxam, for
coming over to the American parts.
It is further recommended to Mr. Andrews, to take it into his serious con-
sideration of reading a chapter and making a comment on the same.
The first overture is complied with by the rest of the ministers.
The second overture in part practised and hoped in time to be fully complied
with.
The third overture complied with and practised by the ministers.
Mr. Andrews delivered the Presbyterial exercise appointed and was sus-
tained. '
12 MINUTES OF THE [1708.
Ordered by the Presbytery, that the time appointed for their meeting be in
no wise prorogued for the future.
Ordered, That the people of New Castle and the country, should not be di-
vided by setting up two separate meetings.
Ordered, that Mr. Wilson preach one Sabbath in New Castle and the other
in the country ; that Mr. Wilson, once in a month, on a week day, preach to
the people in Apoquiuimy; and Mr. Hampton is to preach to them as he goes
home, and Mr. Davis is to preach to them at his return to the nest Presbytery.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton write a letter to the people at White Clay Creek
in answer to their's.
Ordered, That Mr. McNish write to New Castle, in answer to their letter.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton return a verbal answer to the people of Apo-
quinimy, in answer to tlieir letter.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews, Mr. McNish, and Mr. Boyd, read over the let-
tors from Woodbridge concerning the differences betwixt that people and Mr.
Wade, and make a summary report thereof at the next meeting.
May 20, Post Mend. Sessione 4to. post preces, &c.
A letter presented by the people of Freehold about the settlement of Mr.
Boyd is referred till the next meeting.
The report Mr. Andrews, Mr. McNish, and Mr. Boyd were to make of the
letters from Woodbridge referred till the next meeting.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson and Mr. Taylor write to the people of Snowhill
in answer to their letter.
The meeting adjourned till to-morrow, at three afternoon.
3Iai/ 21, Post Mcrid. Sessione bta. Precihus peracds.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson write an answer to the people of Freehold's
letter.
A letter by Mr. Hampton to the people at Whiteclay Creek read and sus-
tained.
Mr. McNish was defective in writing to the people of New Castle, and is to
write against next sederunt.
Mr. Wilson and Mr. Taylor were defective in writing to the people of Snow-
hill, and are to write against the next sederunt.
Mr. Taylor delivered his Presbyterial exercise, and it was sustained.
The meeting is adjourned till to-morrow, at 8 o'clock in the morning.
May 22, post preces, sessione Q)ta.
Mr. Andrews is ordered to assist Mr. Wilson to write to the people of Free-
hold against the next meeting.
Mr. Wilson and Mr. Taylor's letter to the people of Snowhill was read and
sustained.
Ordered, That Mr. Boyd shall supply Woodbridge every third Sabbath if
they desire it, and the Presbytery are to write to the people of Freehold desir-
ing their consent thereto, and the meeting house shall be the only place of
meeting or not at all in Woodbridge, but may be at Amboy if the people of
Woodbridge and Amboy be content; and in the interval, when Mr. Boyd is
not there, they are advised, if they can see it clear to themselves, to hear Mr.
Wade. , . .
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews and Mr. Hampton write to the ministers ot
Connecticut concerninsj the affair of Woodbridge.
Ordered, That Mr. liavis and Mr. Wilson write to the people of Woodbridge.
1708.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 13
Ordered, That Mr. Taylor write to the people of Monokin and Wicomico,
exciting them to their duty to pay what they promise to Mr. McNish.
Ordered, That the next meeting be at Philadelphia, the second Tuesday of
May next.
Mr. Davis is to have his Presbyterial Exercise the next meeting, upon Heb. i.
ver. 4th, and Mr. McNish upon verse the 5th.
Ordered, That the meeting be adjourned till Monday, at 8 in the morning.
May Ihih.
Mr. McNish's letter to the people of New Castle read and sustained.
Mr. Davis and Mr. Wilson's letter to the people of Freehold read and sus-
tained.
Mr. Andrews and Mr. Hampton's letters to Connecticut read and sustained.*
*May 24, 1708.
To Mr. Davenport, Mr. Webb, Mr. Shove, and Mr. Buckingham.
Reverend Brethren: — Through the good providence of our Lord .Jesus Christ assisting
us, we, the ministers of the gospel, of the Presbyterian persuasion, in this province and
those adjacent, taking into our serious consideration the case and circumstances of our
holy religion in these parts, have, to our great toil and labour, and great difficulty to di-
vers of us, by reason of our great distance from one another, formed ourselves into a
Presbytery, annually to be convened, for the furthering and promoting the true interests
of religion and godliness. In which our undertaking, as we would not have any thing
should be advanced that may be justly disgustful to any pious soul, but the contrary, so
it is our universal desire to walk in the nearest union and fellowship with the churches
in those parts where you inhabit, not knowing any difference in opinion so weighty as to
inhibit such a proposal, not doubting of your cordial assent thereunto. And for a testi-
mony of our sincerity and real intentions to act as has been mentioned, we conclude it
convenient to lay before you one difficult matter that has been, (to our great trouble and
exercise,) laid before us, and also what has been our advice about it; holding it proper
so to do, because yourselves have been concerned in a transaction that has in some
measure led into it. AVe find by divers letters that have passed between you and sun-
dry persons in Woodbridge, that you are not unacquainted with the confusions and dis-
ti'actions arising from the accession of Mr. Wade to be the minister of that town, and
the aversion of a considerable part of the people to the accepting of him as such, and
therefore need only mention what we, after mature deliberation and consultation have
advised for the healing the differences among them, upon the application of those that
disagree with Mr. Wade made unto us, concluding that if their contentions and animosi-
ties continue, it may be of unhappy consequence, viz. That Mr. Boyd, minister of Free-
hold, should, if desired by the dissenting party, (which, for distinction, may be so
termed,) come and preach at Woodbridge one Lord's day every three weeks, in the pub-
lic meeting house there, if it may, as we hope it will, be admitted ; and if it be not al-
lowed of, to prevent any open and visible breach as much as can be, that he should
preach at Amboy, or any other place agreed upon, provided it be not within the town of
Woodbridge, and have left it to their liberty and discretion, according to the light of their
consciences, guided by the infallible word of God, either to join or not to join with Mr.
Wade in the time of Mr. Boyd's absence. This we thought, after a great deal of per-
plexity about it, to be all that we could propose at present for the satisfying the gentle-
men that have requested our help and counsel, and as the most ready expedient we could
think upon, in the present exigency of affairs among them for their mutual reconcilia-
tion and comfort. Moreover, as you have been employed in Mr. Wade's fixing there, and
we hope with sincere aims at the good of the place, so long groaning under the unhap-
piness of the want of a settled ministry, so we humbly conceive you are in duty bound
in a special manner to put to your helping hand to rescue them from the miserable in-
conveniences that now they labour under, by all the ways that you can, to which we
hope your advice for mutual forbearance may have much force. The disadvantages by
such things as these administered to the power and life of religion, and our common
cause, with the occasion given to them that would rejoice in our ruin, we need not inform
of, and therefore promise ourselves nothing will be wanting on your part for accommo-
dating these differences. And in the mean time we request your charitable constructions
upon what we have directed unto, in so difficult a matter, if it do not prove to be ac-
14 MINUTES OF THE [1709.
Mr. Wilson and Mr. Andrews' letter to tlie people of Woodbridge read and
sustained.
Mr. Taylor's letter to the people of Wicomico read and sustained.
At a meeting of the Presbytery at Philadelphia,
1709.
May 10, 1709, 2)0St preces sederunt.
Ministers : Mr. John Wilson, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. Nath. Taylor, Mr.
George McNish, Mr. John Hampton, and Mr. Joseph Smith.
Elders : Joseph Yard, John Gardner, Alexander Bell, William Fosset, and
Robert Wilson.
Mr. Andrews was chosen Moderator, and Mr. Smith, Clerk to the Presby-
tery.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton write to the people of Cohanzy to perform their
obligations to Mr. Smith.
It was complained of that Mr. Davis did not perform his part at the inau-
guration of Mr. Hampton.
The business of Mr. Wilson, referring to New Castle, deferred till the next
sederunt, and also relating to Apoquinimy.
It was also objected against Mr. Davis, that he did not preach at Apoqui-
nimy according to order.
The Rev. Mr. John Boyd being dead, what relates to him ceases.
The Presbytery adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow.
MayW, sessione 2da, j^ost jjreces sederunt, &c,
Mr. Hampton, according to order, performed his part in writing to the people
of Cohanzy, and the letter was approven.
The Presbytery adjourned till 8 o'clock, post merid.
SessioneZtla 2yost preces sederunt, ministers, &c.
Ordered, That Mr. Davis be writ to, and that the letter be writ by Mr.
Taylor, for his absence and other delinquencies, not preaching at Apoquinimy,
not delivering his Presbytcrial exercise.
Ordered, That every letter sent by the Presbytery be inserted into a book
appointed by the Presbytery for that purpose, and that this be done by Mr.
Andrews.
Ordered, That Mr. Davis prepare his Presbytcrial exercise on Heb. i. 4, (as
was formerly appointed by the Presbytery,) against the next meeting of the
Presbytery, and that this be signified by Mr. Taylor's letter to him.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson preach at Apoquinimy once a month till the next
meeting upon a week day, and one Sabbath in a quarter till the aforesaid meet-
ing, provided always, that the Sabbath day's sermon be taken from the Whit-
clay Creek people, their time.
Ordered, That Mr. Smith go to the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell,
and confer with them on such matters as shall be propounded to him by them,
concerning his being called to be their minister; and that Mr. Smith preach
to the people aforesaid, on his way to New England, or return from it, or
cording to your own sentiments, seeing it is according to the best of our light. Thus
hoping that our churches and ourselves, in this dark part of the world, shall be remem-
bered in your supplications unto that God in whom are all our springs, and from whom
is all help, direction, and success, we subscribe ourselves your brethren in the work of
the gospel. — \_LetUr Book.'\
1709.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 15
both ; and that this be intimated to Mr. Smith, and the people aforesaid be
writ to by Mr. Andrews.
The Presbytery is adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning.
Ata. Sessione ante merid.
Post preces sederunt, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, moderator, &c.
The letter to Mr. Davis was writ, read, and approved.
Ordered, That a draught of a letter be drawn up to New Castle by Mr. Wil-
son and Mr. McNish.
The Presbytery adjourned till 3 o'clock, post merid.
bta. sederunt post merid.
Precihus peractis, sederunt, &c.
A letter from Woodbridge read ; and resolved that an answer be written to
them by Mr. Wilson.
A letter from the people of Monokin and Wicomico read and seriously
considered. A call also sent from them to Mr. McNish, was not accepted by
him. Resolved, that a letter be writ to them hereupon by Mr. Taylor. Or-
dered also, that Mr. McNish preach only every third Sabbath to those of
Wicomico.
Ordered, next sederunt at 2 o'clock, post merid.
6fa. sederunt.
Mr. McNish delivered his Presbyterial exercise and was approved.
New Castle affair debated, and a letter to them agreed on.*
Ordered, That a letter be written in concert with that from New-England to
Sir Edmund Harrison, by Mr. Wilson and Mr. Andrews.
Also, that a letter be written to Mr. Mather and other ministers at Boston,
to thank them for their concurrence with us.
Adjourned till Monday, 9 o'clock, ante merid.
* To tlie people of New Castle.
May 1709.
Out of a Christian compassion that we have towards you, we cannot but commiserate
yoxLT present circumstances, and are heartily sorry for the misunderstanding that is be-
tween you and Mr. Wilson ; as also for the difference that is between you and our
Christian friends in the country. We would be glad to fall upon a healing method to
remedy these unhappy divisions. And gentlemen, you may be assured, that whatsoever
(in duty,) lies within the compass of our power shall not be wanting ; but after second
thoughts and a due sense of your condition, we fear that such changes as are set on foot
among you in the present circumstances concerning a minister, may prove detrimental
to your and our common interest, especially when we take notice that nothing particular
has been offered to us by you concerning our brother Mr. Wilson, why he may not con-
tinue in his pastoral charge and function among you as formerly. A general dissatisfac-
tion is the principal thing, (it seems,) which is pretended both in your letter to us, and
by your and our friend, Mr. Janvier. However, out of tender respect to you, we have
according to desire, presented Mr. McNish with your call, which he, for reasons given
you by himself, cannot at present comply with. We beseech you, gentlemen, to put
favourable constructions upon what we do, and that in truth and sincerity we desire and
pray for, and endeavour your spiritual and eternal welfare ; but yourselves may easily
see that the smallness of our number, the particular engagements that every one of us
lie under already, render your supply any other way than by our brother Mr. Wilson, at
least at present, impracticable. And therefore, we entreat, nay require you in the Lord,
to concur with us ; lay aside all prejudices ; struggle not too much with providential, una-
voidable difficulties ; be submissive, which is a truly Christian temper ; trust in God, use
patient endeavours, and expect without doubting a comfortable issue, which we hope for
and shall constantly endeavour. Subscribing ourselves,
Youi's in the work of the Gospel, &c. — \_Letter Book.'\
16 MINUTES OF THE [1709.
Hora 9na. ante merid. post preces sedei-unt, &c.
Mr. Wilson and Mr. Andrews' letter to Sir Edmund Harrison, read and
approved, and committed to Mr. Andrews to transmit it to London.*
Mr. Hampton's letter to Mr. Mather and others, in Boston, was read and
approved ; ordered that Mr. Andrews have the sending of it.
Mr. Taylor's letter to Mr. Davis, and another to Monokin and Wicomico,
were read and approved.
Ordered, That no members of this Presbytery, upon any whatever pretence,
do depart or leave the Presbytery, without the meeting be broke up, or at least
leave be asked and had from the Presbytery.
* To Sir Edmund Harrison.
May, 1709.
Honourable Sir : — The distressed condition of these Provinces, with respect to religion,
in which the providence of God has cast our lot, has moved ns to apply to the Reverend
Ministers of Boston, in New-England, to join with us in addressing yourself, and other
charitable gentlemen in London, to consider the state of these countries, and to implore
your help and assistance for promoting the interest of our glorious Lord. To our great
satisfaction they have readily complied with our desire, and have drawn up and signed a
letter particularly directed to j'ourself. And that we for our parts may not be wanting,
being informed of that public excellent spirit in you, famed both for piety and prudence,
do likewise address ourselves unto your honour upon the same account. The negotiation
began and encouraged by a fund, in the time when our worthy friend Mr. McKemie,
(now deceased,) was with you, for evangelizing these colonies, was a business exceed-
ingly acceptable to a multitude of people, and was likely to have been of great service
if continued, which makes us much grieved that so valuable a design was, so soon after
its beginning, laid aside. The necessity of carrying on the same afl'air being as great, if
not greater now, than it was then, we hope that our patriots [patrons ?] in London, will
revive so good and important a work, and not let it lie buried under the ashes, but that
some suitable method will be taken that it may be set on foot again. Unto whom can we
apply ourselves more fitly than unto our fathers, who have been extolled in the reformed
churches for their large bounty and benevolence in their necessities ? We doubt not, but
if the sum of about two hundred pounds per annum, were raised for the encouragement
of ministers in these parts, it would enable ministers and people to erect eight congrega-
tions, and ourselves put in better circumstances than hitherto we have been. We are at
present seven ministers, most of whose outward aifairs are so straitened as to crave relief,
unto which, if two or three more were added, it would greatly strengthen our interest,
which does miserably suffer, as things at present are among us. Sir, if we shall be sup-
plied with ministers from you, which we earnestly desire ; with your benevolence to the
value abovesaid, you may be assured of our fidelity and Christian care in distributing it
to the best ends and purposes we can, so as we hope we shall be able to give a just and
lair account for every part of it to yourself and others, by our letters to you. It is well
known what advantages the Missionaries from England have of us, from the settled fund
of their Church, which not only liberally supports them here, but encourages so many
insolences both against our persons and interests, which sorrowfully looking on, we can-
not but lament and crave your remedy. That our evangelical aS"airs may be the better
managed, we have formed ourselves into a Presbytery, annually to be convened at this
city ; at which times it is a sore distress and trouble unto us, that we are not able to com-
ply with the desires of sundry places, crying unto us for ministers to deal forth the word
of life unto them ; therefore we most earnestly beseech you, in the bowels of our Lord,
to intercede with the ministers of London, and other well affected gentlemen, to extend
their charity and pity to us, to carry on so necessary and glorious a work ; otherwise
many people will remain in a perishing condition as to spiritual things. In so doing,
your humhle supplicants shall ever pray that the blessings of God's throne and footstool
may be conferred upon you and them.
P. S. The death of that worthy and honourable person, the Lord Lovelace, we arc
afraid will prove detrimental to our interest ; and we could wish that his place were filled
again with a person of such a spirit and temper as he appeared to be of. We desire that
what you shall please to transmit to us, as to letters or otherwise, may be directed unto
Mr. Andrews, or in his absence to Mr. David Giffing and Mr. William Allen, in Phila-
delphia.— [^Letter Book.]
1710.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 17
Ordered, That our next meeting be at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday of
September, 1710. And that Mr. Hampton prepare his Presbyterial exercise
against that time, from Heb. i. 6.
1710.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia,
Spptemher 20, 1710. Post preces sedernvt
Mr. John Wilson, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. George McNish, Mr. John
Hampton Ministers.
Mr. John Gardner, Mr. Joseph Yard, Mr. Alexander Brown, Mr. Benjamin
Aidlett, elders.
It being put to the vote who should be moderator, carried for Mr. George
McNish ; and also voted for the clerk, carried for John Hampton.
The Presbytery met to-day, though yesterday was appointed, because the
members were not come together before this day.
Mr. Hampton, according to order, delivered his Presbyterial exercise, and
the same was approved of.
Upon the desire of the Rev. Mr. John Henry to be admitted a member of
this Presbytery, having given due satisfection by testimonials to the Presby-
tery, he was, according to desire, admitted.
At the desire also of Mr. James Anderson, he was admitted, upon producing
sufficient testimonials of his abilities and qualifications for the ministerial work,
and that he was duly licensed and ordained thereunto.
The Presbytery adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning.
Die Jovis, 2da. sederunt post preces.
After mature and deliberate consideration of the Rev. Mr. Wade's case, that
has been long under our consideration, he now ofiiering himself and desiring to
be a member of this Presbytery, was admitted, having satisfied, by letters and
testimonials, and personal arguing, that his proceedings have been such as to
give just ground for his acceptance.
A committee consisting of Mr. Wilson, Andrews, Hampton, appointed to
meet at two o'clock, to inquire into Mr. Morgan's and Van Vleck's affair, and
prepare it for the Presbytery.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post merid.
Post preces, Sa. sederunt, d'C.
The committee, according to order, inquired into Mr. Morgan's case, and
made report thereof unto the Presbytery. And after debating thereupon, and
having put it to vote, it was carried in the affirmative to admit said Morgan as
a member of this Presbytery.
The committee reported Mr. Van Vleck's case, and after serious debating
thereon, put it to the vote, admit him a member of the Presbytery or not, and
it was carried in the affirmative.
Memorandum : Upon the admission of these ministers above mentioned :
three elders more sat in the Presbytery, namely, Mr. Pierce Bray, Mr. John
Foord, and Mr. Lenard Van Degrift.
A committee consisting of Mr. Henry, Mr. Anderson, and Mr. Wade, ap-
pointed to prepare and bring in overtures to the Presbytery, and also take
cognizance of whatever may be laid before them, to prepare it for the Pres-
bytery.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning.
Die Veneris ante meridiem 4, sederunt, Sc. post preces.
Upon information that David Evan, a lay person, had taken upon him
3
18 MINUTES OF THE [1710.
publicly to teach or preach among the Welch in the Great Valley, Chester
county, it was unanimously agreed that the said Evan had done very ill, and
acted irregularly in thus invading the work of the ministry, and was thereupon
censured.
Agreed that the most proper method for advancing David Evan in neces-
sary literature to prepare him for the work of the ministry is, that he lay
aside all other business for a twelve month, and apply himself closely^ to
learning and study, under the direction of Mr. Andrews, and with the assist-
ance of Mr. "Wilson and Anderson, and that it be left to the discretion of the
said ministers when to put said Evan on trials, and license him publicly to
teach or preach.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson write to the Welch, in the Welch Tract, and Mr.
Andrews to those in the Great Valley.
A call from the good people of llehoboth, in Maryland, to the Rev. Mr.
Henry, presented by Mr. Pierce Bray before the Presbytery, and his answer
deferred till afternoon.
Adjourned to three o'clock, jjost meridiem.
The call to Mr. Henry came under consideration, and being again proposed
to his acceptance, he accepted thereof.
The letter to the Great Valley, writ by Mr. Andrews, read aod approved.
It being reported that one Walter Kerr defamed the Presbytery, and Mr.
Morgan, minister to said Kerr, desiring advice therein how to behave, it was
referred to the said Mr. Morgan to take cognizance of the oifence, and to act
either by private or public censure, as the nature of the thing should appear to
him, anil that report thereof be made next meeting.
Ordered, That the ministers and elders of the meeting come prepared for the
future to give a true and impartial account how matters are mutually betwixt
them, both with regard to spirituals and temporals.
Ordered, That two letters be writ to Woodbridge, to the two parties thereof,
by Mr. Wilson, Andrews, and Hampton.
Mr. Morgan has obtained leave to return home on sufficient reasons offered.
Mr. Brown, from the people of Monokin and Wicomico, moved for Mr.
McNish's answering to the call formerly presented to him, and his answer was
delayed till to-morrow or Monday.
Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock.
Mr. Wilson writ to the people of Welch Tract, and was sustained.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton and Mr. Davis preach the admission sermons
of Mr. John Henry, at Kehoboth.
Mr. Henry and Mr. McNish appointed to preach to-morrow, being the Lord's
day, and j\Ir. Anderson on ^Monday.
Adjourned to eight o'clock, Monday morning.
Letters writ to Woodbridge by Mr. Wilson, Andrews, Hampton, read and
sustained.*
• To our Christian friends in Woodbridge, with whom the Rev. Mr. AVade is concerned.
September, 1710.
Christian Friends. "We salute you heartily in the Lord, wishing you grace, mercy, and
peace, ko. Your Ileverend Fas'tor, and our beloved brother, ^\r. Wade, having offered
himself to be a member of our Presbytery, we have, after due deliberation, accordingly
accepted of him, in hopes that the issue thereof may tend to the glory of God and good
of his Church, and contribute to the union and reconciliation of the good people of Wood-
bridge among themselves, as it doth in a particular manner unite them to us. Therefore,
1710.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 19
Mr. McNish and Brown's affair came under consideration, and it was further
delayed till afternoon.
Adjourned to three o'clock, afternoon
Ordered, That Mr. Henry write to the Presbytery of Dublin.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson and Mr. Anderson write to the Synod of Grlasgow.
Mr. McNish's affair further delayed till to-morrow morning.
Ordered, That a letter be writ to Dr. Tongue, at London, by the moderator.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to morrow.
The letters to Glasp-ow and Dublin read and sustained.*
■we beseech you on yom* parts, as we have your brethren and neighbours on their parts,
to study with all care and diligence, unity, peace, and holiness, and that all division and
animosity by-past maybe entirely buried, by avoiding and shunning all reflections and im-
prudent expressions or carriage, that in the least may tend to continue or aggravate your
unhappy divisions, or hinder that true Christian communion and fellowship which is the or-
nament of our holy religion. Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to
dwell together in unity! Thus committing you to God and the word of his grace, which
is able to build you up, we remain your servants for Christ's sake. — ^Letter Book.]
To our Christian friends that are at present dissatisfied with Mr. Wade.
September, 1710.
Dear and Christian Friends : — We have had your friendly letter presented to us by our
Rev. Brother, Mr. McNish, and took it into our most serious consideration, and desire
to use all manner of conscientious tenderness, hoping that you will look upon our whole
design to be for the glory of God, and the propagation of the gospel among you, beseech-
ing you that our advice be not, by any person misunderstood, as if we had any other thing in
our view than what we have already mentioned, expecting that it may have its due weight
with pious and thinking souls. The Rev. Mr. Nathaniel Wade made application to the
Presbytery to be admitted a member thereof, upon which we deliberately debated, and
made a narrow scrutiny into matters as they appeared to us, and found by his certificates
that his ordination was good and valid according to Scripture rules, and also that he had
a call and subscriptions even from some of yourselves, with several other recommenda-
tions from persons whose integrity we could not suspect. And nothing appearing to hia
disadvantage sutSciently attested, we judged it unjust to deny his desire, vvhich seemed
to us to How from sincere intentions of being more useful and doing greater good, he
having freely and fully submitted himself to the judgment and discipline of the <Jhurch
according to Presbytery, and also to the meeting in particular, to whom he and his peo-
ple now stand in relation. Therefore, beloved in the Lord, having thus acted sincerely
and used our best endeavours to determine things most justly and fairly, we do recom-
mend to your tenderness. Christian love and affection, and for evidence thereof we can
do no other than declare it to be our judgment that you do, (since you do professedly
own this judicatory,) so far countenance our determination as to have a care of any thing
that looks like dissension or separation, but the contrary. And we do likewise, in the
bowels of Christ, (knowing how much the interest of godliness is concerned in it,) with
all tenderness and love, exhort you to study peace and unity among your neighbours,
aud to have a conscientious care not to weaken the hands of Mr. Wade in the work of
the ministry. And that this duty of love and peace may be the more effectually promo-
ted and practised among you, we have also sent our exhortatory letter to your neigh-
bours, that nothing may be wanting on their part, which, together with this, we hope
may be of a cementing use. Thus recommending you to the care and guidance of the
Father of Lights, we conclude, and remain your cordial well-wishers. — [_LeUcr Book-I
* The Presbytery met at Philadelphia to the Rev. Presbytery of Dublin, wisheth grace,
mercy, peace, (the bond of fellowship,) and prosperity in the gospel of the Lord Jesus.
September, 1710.
Rev. and dear Brethren in the Lord: — By a letter from the Rev. Mr. Alexander Sin-
clare, a member of your society, dated November, 1709, and directed to Mr. John Henry,
20 MINUTES OF THE [1710.
The matter betwixt Mr. Brown and McNish with relation to the people of
Monokin, came again to be considered, and Mr. McNish agreed to go down
some time before winter to Monokin, and in the meantime to write to them,
which the Presbytery have agreed unto j and then Mr. McNish to give his an-
swer to their call.
one of our number, we find you desire a correspondence may be settled and continued
from time to time, than tlie which nothing can be more acceptable to us poor scattered
and far dispersed labourers in our Lord's vineyard. As also you desire an account of
our ecclesiastical aS'airs, and promise all the assistance yourselves can aiford, or procure
by interest from others. The former we are ready to give, and for the latter we are
grateful
As to the state of the Church in these parts, our interest truly is very weak, and we
cannot relate this matter without sorrow of heart, since it is too much owing to the ne-
glect of ministers at home. Our late Rev. Brother Mr. Francis INIcKemie, prevailed with
the ministers of London to undertake the support of two itinerants for the space of two
years, and after that time to send two more upon the same condition, allowing the former
after that time to settle, which, if accomplished, had proved of more than credible ad-
vantage to these parts, considering how far scattered most of the inhabitants be. But,
alas, they drew back their hand, and we have reason to lament their deficiency. Had
our friends at home been equally watchful and diligent as the Episcopal Society at Lon-
don, our interest in most foreign plantations probably might have carried the balance.
In all Virginia there is but one small congregation at Elizabeth River, and some few
families favouring our way in Rappahanock and York. In Maryland only four, in Penn-
sylvania five, and in the Jerseys two, which bounds with some places of New York,
makes up all the bounds we have any members from, and at present some of these be
vacant. Not long ago there was a probability of doing more good in Maryland before
episcopacy was established by law, and at present is in Pennsylvania, the East and West
Jerseys, and some places of New York, if the occasion also be not slipped. As for ec-
clesiastical aSairs in other places, we shall not here trouble you with, being not per-
fectly acquainted therewith ourselves. That then. Reverend and dear Brethren, which
at present we would humbly, for the sake of Christ's interest, make the subject of our
address unto you is, that of your zealous Christian, and religious charity to the mystical
body of the blessed Jesus, you would raise one sixty pound to support an able well ap-
proved of young man from yourselves as an itinerant in these parts, among the dispersed
children of God for a year, after which time we doubt not but he may be settled com-
fortably. This we have used our iutei-est in London for, in the hands of the Rev. Mr.
Calamy, which we expect, according to promise from the Rev. Mr. Sinclare, you will use
yours also to forward. And in tlie meantime not be wanting to answer our former request.
Thus, nut making the least doubt but this our letter shall have the desired answer, we
subscribe ourselves, by our representative, your well wishers in the Lord. — \_Letlcr Book-I
The Presbytery met at Philadelphia, to the Right Reverend Synod, of Glasgow.
Srptember, 1710.
Right Reverend: — Hoping you are in part acquainted with the circumstances of our
interest in these American plantations, and persuading ourselves of your readiness to
contribute both by advice and otherways f(jr the general good of Christianity in these
poor neglected provinces, we have unanimously judged it, (knowing none so proper to
apply unto, and repose our confidence in, as yourselves, our Reverend Brethren of the
Church of Scotland, whom we sincerely honour and affectionately esteem as fathers,) our
duty, for strengthening our interest in the service of the gospel, to address you for your
concurrence with us in so great and good a work. We are not a little encouraged in these
our applications, by a letter from the Rev. Mr. James Brown, of Glasgow, one of the mem-
bers of the Rev. Synod, (to some of our good friends.) of ^-our willingness to correspond
with us, in what concerns tiie advancement of the Mediator's interest in these regions
where our lot is fallen. We have, for some years past, furmed ourselves into a Presby-
terial meeting, annually convented at the city of Philadelphia, in Pennsylvania, and to our
capacities, (considering our infaucj', paucity, and the many oppositions and discourage-
ments we have all along struggled with,) taken what care we could that our meeting,
(though small,) might be for the general good of religion in these parts. And we are
thankful that by the Divine Providence our endeavours and poor essays have not been al-
together in vain. The number of our ministers from the respective provinces is ten in all,
three from Maryland, five from Pennsylvania, and two from East Jersey. And we are in
1711.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 21
Next meeting appointed at Philadelphia, third Tuesday of September, 1711.
And that Mr. Henry and Mr. Anderson prepare their Presbyterial Exercises
on 1 Heb. 7th and 8th verses. Mr. Henry on verse 7, and Mr. Anderson on
verse 8.
1711.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia,
Sc'ptemher 20, 1711. Post preces sederunt
Mr. John Wilson, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. George McNish, Mr. John
Hampton, Mr. James Anderson, Mr, Nathaniel Wade, ministers.
John Steel, Joseph Yard, Adam Spence, Segfrigus Alricks, Thomas Pike,
elders.
Mr. Andrews was clerk, and Mr. Wilson moderator.
Mr. Henry's letter to excuse his not coming to the Presbytery read, and his
excuse was sustained.
Ordered, That the moderator write to him, and signify that his excuse was
sustained with difficulty.
Mr. Morgan and Mr. Van Vleck were absent, and no excuse given or sent.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews write to them to reprehend them for their absence.
Appointed that David Evan's aifair, in relation to his proficiency in learning
be considered.
Because of Mr. Morgan's absence, no report was given of that affair of
Walter Kerr, spoken of in the minutes of the former year.
The minute relating to the giving account of the mutual concerns of minis-
ters and people referred to the next sederunt.
Mr. Davis and Mr. Hampton preached the admission sermons of Mr. Henry
according to appointment.
Upon a certain emergency the Presbytery met a day later than appointment.
Adjourned to 8 o'clock, to-morrow morning.
21 sessione Ida. die Veneris.
Inquiry was made of the several ministers, touching the state of their con-
great expectation that some from other places may be encouraged to join us hereafter.
We have thought good further to represent to the Rev. Synod, the desolate condition of
sundry vacant places who have applied to us for a supply of ministers, who express their
Christian desire of enjoying the public administrations of the gospel purely, but to their
and our grief they are not in a capacity to provide a competent maintenance for the sup-
port of ministers without being beholden to the Christian assistance of others, at least
for some time. We are sorry in our present circumstances we can neither answer their
request by supplying them with ministers, nor contributing towards their outward sup-
port, some of ourselves being considerably straitened. jNIay it therefore please the pious
and Rev. Synod, in compassion to the desolate souls in America, perishing for want of
vision, to send over one or more ministers, and to support them for longer or shorter
time. This will be a work very worthy of persons of your character, a strengthening to
us and our interest, and a matter of singular comfort to all the sincere lovers of our
Lord Jesus Christ. We further represent, that according to the best of our judgment,
forty pounds sterling annually paid in Scotland, to be transmitted in goods, will be a
competency for the support of each minister you send, provided that of your pious and
Christian benevolence you suitably fit them out. And after they have here laboured in
the Lord's vineyard a year or two, we are in good hopes that they will find such com-
fortable encouragement as may induce them to settle among us without giving you further
trouble for their support. Thus recommending ourselves and affairs to your Christian
concei'n and hearty prayers, expecting your ready concurrence with us in these represen-
tations and desires for the public good and interest of the gospel, and praying for the
rich blessing of heaven upon yourselves, and success in your undertakings for Christ's
Church, we remain your aifectionate brethren and fellow labourers in the work of the
Lord. — \_LeUer Book.'\
22 MINUTES OF THE [1711.
gregations and of themselves, with reLation thereto ; and also of the several
elders, not only of the measures taken to support the ministry, but of the life,
conversation, and doctrine of their several ministers, and report was given to
satisfaction for this time.
Mr. McNish's affair in reference to Patuxcnt, deferred till another time.
Appointed that the Moderator and Mr. Andrews write to the people of Co-
hanzy, in relation to Mr. Exell.
Mr. "VVade's case deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned to 3 o'clock, afternoon.
Fost Merid.
Messrs. McNish, Hampton, and AVade, appointed to inspect into the profi-
ciency of David Evan.
Adjourned till 9 o'clock to-morrow.
22 Die Satunii.
Mr. Wade's case was rcassumed.
The Moderator and Mr. Hampton appointed to draw up a form of words,
which Mr. AYade is to use in the public reversing the sentence, publicly passed
by him against John Ilsley and AVilliam Sharp.*
Messrs. Andrews, McNish, and Hampton, ordered to read the papers, rela-
ting to Mr. AYade's business, and to make report the next sederunt.
Adjourned till 10 o'clock on Monday.
24 Die Lunx.
Messrs. Andrews, McNish, and Hampton, did what was appointed relating
to the papers concerning Mr. AYade's case, and made report accordingly.
Mr. McNish's case came under consideration, and 'twas determined to leave
his affair respecting Jamaica and Patuxent to himself, with advice not to delay
fixing himself somewhere.
Mr. Anderson was defective in not delivering his Presbyterial exercise, was
censured for his defect, and appointed to deliver it next meeting.
Adjourned to 4 o'clock, afternoon.
Post Merid.
The Moderator and Mr. Andrews writ the letter to Cohanzy, and it was ap-
pro ved."!"
, 1711.
* A form of words appointed to be read for reversing a censure passed by Mr. Wade,
against .Toliii Ilsley and William Sharp, as followeth :
Whereas some time ago, a censure of too high a nature has been here passed against
John Ilsley and William Sharp, (though we cannot altogether excuse them, especially
the former.) I do now upon good ground and satisfaction given, declare that the same
persons, .John Ilsley and William Sharp, are cleared from said censure, and now received
into full communion as formerly before such censure, with this church, and all persons
are accordingly to take notice thereof.
f A letter to the people of Cohanzy.
September, 1711.
Dear and Christian Friends : — From our sincere regard to your spiritual and everlast-
ing welfare, we have taken into our most serious consideration, your state and condition,
as at present circumstanced, and could not but think it our incumbent diity, to lay be-
fore you what have been our thoughts thereupon. We could have wished you had taken
better advised steps for yonv provision, as to the ministry, for we fear your present sup-
ply will not answer your expectation. As for the gentleman, that has for some time
preached among you, though we wish him no harm, but all the good he can reasonably
desire; yet we have such respect to the honour of the Gospel in general and yourselves
1711.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 23
The committee gave in their report concerning David Evan, and do approve
of his hopeful proficiency.
Several papers offered by John Ilsley in relation to Mr. Wade, not being
thought proper to be discussed by this meeting, the said papers were delivered
to him again, in concurrence with his own desire.
Adjourned to 8 o'clock to-morrow morning.
25 Die Martis.
The Moderator and Mr. Andrews wrote the letter to Monokin, and 'twas
approved.
Adjourned to 3 o'clock, afternoon.
Post Merid.
Mr. Wade's business further discoursed about.
Adjourned till 9 o'clock, to-morrow morning.
26 Die MeTcurii.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson do supply the people of Patuxent four Sabbaths,
Mr. Henry four Sabbaths, and Mr. Hampton is left to himself to supply some-
time if he can.
Ordered, that Mr. Wilson in his letter to Mr. Henry, signify the appoint-
ment of the Presbytery, concerning his supplying at Patuxent.
This day our Reverend Brother, Mr. Wade, being asked if he had any thing
further to offer in relation to Woodbridge, he did freely and of himself, make
the following offer, viz : AVhereas he had, with the greatest seriousness, for a
long time truly lamented the many and unhappy jarrings among the people of
Woodbridge J and that he might be no longer a bone of contention, did (out of
a sense of the glory of Grod, the good of that people, and his own future quiet,)
propose it, as the most healing method, that he, by the consent of the Pres-
bytery, would cheerfully demit and resign up all pastoral relation to the whole
people of Woodbridge, heartily wishing that they may unite in calling another
minister, that the Presbytery shall approve of. And Mr. Wade further pro-
posed, that in the mean time, till they be supplied, the Presbytery to take care
that they may not be left destitute of help.
Mr. Van Vleck's excuse with respect to his absence, was sustained, he
being disabled by sickness, as one of his elders reported, being sent for that
purpose.
Agreed, That the Presbytery take a specimen of David Evan's knowledge in
Divinity the next sederunt.
Adjourned to 3 o'clock, afternoon.
Post Merid.
After serious deliberation, we are come to this conclusion, that the proposal
made by the Rev. Mr. Wade, concerning the demitting of his pastoral charge
at Woodbridge, is the only effectual method for the healing all the breaches
among the people of Woodbridge; and therefore do heartily concur with him
in particular, that, by the best account we have of him, we do not judge him a suitable
person to preside in the ministerial function among you. He was invited to be present
at our meeting, but he neither came nor sent, which intimates either a contempt or
supine neglect of ecclesiastical judicatories. We have been informed concerning some
printed papers dispersed by him among the people, which papers we cannot approve of,
as containing abundance of gross errors, so far as they are intelligible, and a great part
consisting of nonsense and self-contradictions, which is obvious to any judicious observer.
We thought it fit to discharge our consciences, in endeavouring to guard you against
those things which we judge prejudicial to truth and your souls' happiness ; and do as-
sure you, that what lies within the compass of our power, in order to your comfortable
settlement, shall not be wanting from
Your souls' well-wishers. — \_Letter Book ]
24 MINUTES OF THE [1711.
in it, and accept of it as a truly proper and Christian expedient, and do hence-
forth allow the good people of Woodbridge to supply themselves with another
pastor as soon as they can, and in the mean time accept of and improve such
supply as shall be offered.
Mr. Wade ordered to supply during the vacancy.
Agreed, That none should be allowed to vote for the calling of a minister,
but those that shall contribute for the maintenance of him, and that the major
vote of those shall be determinative.
Ordered, That Mr. McNish do read the form of words drawn up at the ap-
pointment of the Presbytery, for the reversing the censure against John Ilsley
and William Sharpe, publicly at the meeting house in Woodbridge.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton and Anderson write a letter to the people of
Woodbridge.
The letter appointed to be writ to Patuxent, was read and approved.
Adjourned till 9 o'clock, to-morrow.
27 Die Jovis.
Upon the desire of the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell, signified by
Mr. William Yard, for our assisting them in getting a minister, it was agreed,
that in case the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell are not engaged with
Mr. Sacket, that they use all opportunities they have for a speedy supply, and
apply themselves to the neighbouring ministers for assistance in getting a
minister for them.
The letter to Woodbridge read and approved.*
* A Letter to the Christian People at Woodbridge.
September, 1711.
Dear and Christian Friends : The unhappy divisions and contentions that have been
long among you, to our great grief and concern, having been again laid before us, ■with
all diligence and care, we did again take them into consideration, and indeed found no
small matter of sorrow, trouble, and vexation ; and after spending much time could not,
without difficulty, come to any conclusion.
Upon the whole matter, and after our serious reflections thereon, we cannot but with
grief tell you, that we fear there has been fault on all hands, and that the most innocent
have reason of self-condemnation ; how much others, then, that have been the unhappy
causes, fomenters, and promoters of such unchristian distractions and animosities. Woe
to them by whom offences come. Having mentioned this, we cannot pass on till in the
bowels of Christ we beseech and request you to look back and repent, to love and unite,
in the true fear of God and the interest of his kingdom for the future.
That we are in particular to inform you of, which (as we hope, ) will prove an effectual
remedy to all your unhappy dissensions is, tliat our reverend brother Mr. Nathaniel Wade,
has of himself, freely and willingly, for the glory of God and the good of poor Wood-
bridge, (as he and we both do hope,) demitted and resigned all pastoral relation unto,
and interest in the whole people of Woodbridge ; so that he is not any longer to be looked
on by you, but as a transient minister or occasional supply. We have, therefore, ap-
pointed him to be your jiresent supply, until you can, by the majority of the votes of
such as contribute to the maintenance of a minister, provide yourselves with such an
one, as we hope you will be unanimous in, and the Presbytery ai)prove of at our next
meeting. And Christian friends, we doubt not, but you are sensiltle that the labourer
is worthy of his hire, and therefore hope you will not utterly neglect our Prother Wade,
who is to be your present supply, so long as he continues such. We would in the last
place advise that, as soon as conveniently you can, you do unanimously meet and consult
on the most proper methods for settling the ministry among you ; and that tlierein all
private interests, and needless contradictions, and divisions be laid aside, the glory of
God and good of your souls purely aimed at and studied, and that you forsake not the
assembling yourselves together. And thus we hope, by Christian prudence and modera-
tion, you will bring things, by the good providence of God, to a happy issue and com-
fortable conclusion. And assure yourselves that we shall alwaj-s be ready and willing
to assist you to the utmost of our power, in the work of the Gospel among you. Now
brethren, the God of Peace and Order be with you; direct, strengthen, and establish
you 60 prays, Yours, &c. — \_LcUer Book.'\
1712.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 25
Appointed, That David Evan preach under the direction and inspection of
Messrs. Wilson, Andrews, and Anderson, till the next Presbytery.
Ordered, That Mr. Wade and Mr. ]Morgan prepare their Presbyterial exer-
cises against the next Presbytery, the former on the 9th the other on the 10th
verse of Heb. i. And that Mr. Wade intimate this appointment to Mr. Morgan.
Next meeting appointed at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday of September,
1712.
1712.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia, which began,
Septemher 17, 1712. Posfpreces sederunt,
Ministers : Messrs. Jedediah Andrews, John Hampton, John Henry, James
Anderson, Joseph Morgan, and Paul Van Vleck.
Elders : Messrs. Joseph Yard, Isaac Piper, John Burges, Isaac Dilbeck.
David Evan, a candidate, was chosen Clerk, and Mr. Jedediah Andrews,
Moderator.
The members not being come together yesterday, the Presbytery began this
day.
The roll being called over, our Rev. Brother, Mr. John Wilson, was taken
away by death, and Messrs. Davis, McNish, and Wade, were abseut.
The Presbytery, after inquiry, are satisfied that Mr. Davis was necessarily
absent this three years past ; and it is ordered that Mr. Hampton and Mr. Henry
do exhort him to attend for the future, or send sufBcient excuse in writing.
Mr. Morgan's reasons for not coming to the Presbytery last year were given
and sustained.
The business of Walter Kerr, mentioned in the year 1710, and continued
the last year, being of so long a standing, and falling of itself, the Presbytery
thought good to pass it without any further notice.
Touching the appointment made the last Presbytery for the supply of the
people of Patuxent, it was complied with to satisfaction.
Mr. Henry delivered his Presbyterial exercise that was appointed 1710, and
was appro ven.
One Mr. Bratton, a minister, who arrived in Maryland some time last fall,
being detained by sickness that he could not attend the Presbytery, sent his
certificate of his legal admission to the ministry, and was approven.
Mr. Ilobert Wilson, being commissioned, did present a letter from the people
of Monokin and Wicomico, relating to their church affairs, in answer to a letter
sent to them by us last year ; and also a call to the Rev. Mr. Thomas Bratton,
with a paper of subscriptions for his encouragement.
And it is ordered that a letter be writ to the said Mr. Thomas Bratton, with
respect to the said call, in favour of that people.
Mr. Anderson ordered to write the letter.
Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock.
18 Die Jovisy post preces sederunt , &c.
jNIr. McNish gave his reasons for not attending at the opening of Presbytery,
and they were accepted.
Mr. Anderson writ the letter to Mr. Bratton, and it was approven.
The order for inquiring into the mutual condition of ministers and people,
was observed, and no complaint was made by any, except by Mr. Van Vleck
with respect to the people of Neshamiuy, which cause is now depending.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
■4
26 MINUTES OF THE [1712.
Post merul. post 2»-cces, sede)-unt, c&c^
The business relating to Mr. Yan Ylcck and his people resumed.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow.
19 Die Veno-is, post preces, &c.
The business relating to Mr. Yan Yleck and his people, came again into con-
sidoratinn.
Mr. Anderson delivered his Presbyterial exercise that was appointed him
1710, and was approven.
Adjourned to half an hour after three in the afternoon.
Post merid. post jtrcces, &c.
The business concerning Mr. Yan Yleck and his people, again taken into
consideration.
It was concluded that after the Presbytery had examined the several eviden-
ces brought in relation to the crime of bigamy, alleged against Mr. Yan Yleck,
as also the exceptions offered by the said Yau Yleck against the evidences, and
in vindication of himself, the Presbytery not finding the evidences clear and
positive enough to prove the crime against him, and yet Mr. Yan Yleck's vin-
dication not sufficient to take off the scandal wholly, do therefore, till such time
as Mr. Yan Yleck bring satisfying proof of his first wife's death, for the honour
of the gospel, advise that he do not officiate as a minister of the gospel. To
which advice he does willingly agree.
Ordered, upon the whole, that a letter be writ to Mr. Yan Yleck's people,
by the moderator and Mr. Hampton.*
The I'resbytery having seen Mr. George Gillespie's certificates, from the
Presbytery of Glasgow, concerning his being licensed to preach, and his con-
versation, did approve of them, and in case Providence make way for his ordina-
tion, by a call from any congregation before next I'resbytery, I\Ir. Andrews,
McNish, Anderson, and Morgan, are ordered to ordain him, and that one of
the said members, or two, as they shall see fit, preach at the solemnity.
A petition from the people of Whitcclay Creek was read.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow.
20 Pie Saturn'/, j)ost 2^1'cccs, Sc.
Two letters from the people of Woodbridge, and one from Mr. Wade, being
read, the business of that place was taken into consideration.
* A letter to the people to whom Mr. Van Vleck did use to preach.
Sfptemhcr 19/A, 1712.
Christian Friends : — We have had your melancholy affair relating to the diftorence be-
tween some of you and Mr. Van Vleck under serious consideration, and do sincerely la-
ment tlie same, as being of that natm-e to hinder the progress of true religion and good
of souls.
We, after much pains and time spent about it, did agree to give it as our advice to Mr.
Van Vleck. to desist from the exercise of his ministerial office until he vindicate liimself
from the grievous scandal that is so common, of his having two wives ; which advice of
ours he himself has willingly agreed unto, as the best way to take oif and prevent, for
the future, the reproach tliat, it is plain, religion and godliness might otherwise lie under.
And thei-efore we hope, (christian friends, that you'll all take in good part, tlie care and
pains we liave been at in this matter, and be contented with what we have .advised unto ;
and recommend unto j-ou the })ractice of holiness. Christian love and peace, improving
all opportunities you may have of public ordinances in the mean time, and that you en-
deavour to heal breaches ns much as you can.
Postucript. The reason of tliis advice for his not preaching was this, that the Presby-
tery could not find proof clear and positive enough to prove the crime against him, yet
Mr. Van Vleck's vindication did not appear sufficient. — \_Lettcr Book.'\
1712.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 27
Ordered, That the moderator, Mr. McNish, and Mr. Hampton, bring in an
overture with respect to Mr. Wade's affair, the next sederunt.
A petition presented from the people of Welsh Tract and Great Yalley, with
respect to David Evans, afterwards to be taken into consideration.
The petition of the people of White Clay Creek was again read, and it was
ordered, that if Mr. Gillespie sees fit to leave Woodbridge, he fij-st supply that
people for some time, or any other he may be invited by, at his own discretion,
till next Presbytery.
Adjourned to Monday, at nine o'clock.
22 Die Lunse, post preces sederunt, &c.
Mr. Morgan die Suhhati delivered his Presbyterial Exercise that was ap-
pointed him 1711, and this day it was animadverted upon and appro ven.
A petition from the people of Cohanzy, being presented by Mr. John Ogden,
their messenger, was read, and left to further consideration.
It was ordered, that a letter be writ to that people by the moderator.
The overture brought in by the moderator, Mr. McNish, and Hampton, con-
cerning Mr. Wade and the people of Woodbridge, read and approven, and was
as follows :
It is overtured. That whereas, for these several years, we have endeavoured
to accommodate the differences between Mr. Wade and the people of Wood-
bridge, after some time, at his own proposal, we admitted him as a member of
our Presbytery, and he submitted himself willingly to our constitution, which
we hoped would have been effectual for the taking away these unhappy divisions,
but to our sad disappointment, we have found them continue and rather increase.
The first year of his admission, we hoped that our Christian and ministerial
advice, both to Mr. Wade and the disagreeing parties at Woodbridge, would have
been sufficient for reconciliation, but herein also we were lamentably frustrated,
for the next Presbytery their mutual complaints were again renewed.
And after inquiry and serious deliberation upon those complaints, some
whereof brought by the people against Mr. Wade were of a scandalous nature,
and of long standing, we came to an unanimous resolution, that really Mr.
Wade has been all along, and continued to be, the woful bone of contention
among that unhappy people, and that therefore the only effectual way of put-
ting an end to these unchristian jars, was that Mr. Wade should demit all pas
toral relation to the whole people of Woodbridge, and that they should be at
full liberty to choose some other minister ; but in the mean time, we were wil-
ling that Mr. Wade should supply their vacancy until another offered, not
doubting but that Mr. Wade and the good people of Woodbridge would use
their u animous endeavours with all convenient speed, to provide themselves
with a qualified minister in whom they should agree. To all which Mr. Wade
did, at our last Presbytery aforesaid, give his solemn and hearty consent, as
fully appears from his own words, then spoken and upon record. Nevertheless,
Mr. Wade immediately on his return to Woodbridge, did begin, and has con-
tinued ever since, to misconstrue our proceedings, and render ineffectual all our
designs of peace and unity :
1. By pretending still to a pastoral relation to some of the people of Wood-
bridge, notwithstanding his own actual renunciation of all such charge as ap-
pears, and furthermore constituting new church officers. — Vide letter, Novem-
ber 23, 1711.
2. By finding fiiult with some of our Presbytery for providing a supply
according to the mind of the whole Presbytery, who always designed Mr.
Wade to supply no longer than till another could be had. — Vide letter, Sep-
tember 16, 1712.
28 MIKUTES OF THE [1712.
3. By opposing the settlement of Mr. Gillespie, a preacher from North
Britain, though recommended heartily by Dr. Mather, as well as sufficiently
from Glasgow, and at first generally liked by the people of Woodbridge. — Vide
Dr. Mather's last letter to "Woodbridge.
4. But most of all, and which indeed includes all, by a shameful recantation
which he, the said Mr. Wade, made, in a letter to three of our number, dated
November 23, 1711, of what he solemnly and frankly acknowledged, upon con-
viction of his conscience, as he said, viz. that he had been a bone of contention
at Woodbridge, and therefore, that he might be so no longer, he demitted all
pastoral relation to them, heartily wishing they might unite in calling another
which the Presbytery might approve of, as our records make appear; this he
DOW declares he recants, so that it seems he resolves still upon being the
wretched bone of contention, and therefore labours what he can, contrary both
to the greatest part of the people, and the mind of the Presbytery, to plant
himself there again, or if not, to keep up the contention. And though Mr.
Wade has not attended this Presbytery, yet his own letters above cited, besides
the personal knowledge of several members of this Presbytery concerning this
affair, and the letters from the people, dated one of them, November (3, 1711,
another September 13, 1712, besides one from Mr. Thomas Pike, of November
10th, 1711, do sufficiently evidence the contentions about him to be as great as
ever. — Vide letter Nov. 23, 1711.
We, therefore, in the fear and name of our great Master, do appoint and or-
dain that the said Mr. Wade do no longer exercise his ministerial office at the
town of Woodbridge, or among the people thereof, unless allowed by the Pres-
bytery hereafter, but that he forthwith, and without resistance, directly or in-
directly, give place to some other whom God in his providence may send, and
the good people of Woodbridge, or the major part of them, call and agree about.
Ordered, That 3Ir. Andrews and Anderson write upon that head to Dr. Cot-
ton Mather, Mr. Nathaniel Wade, and the people of Woodbridge.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
P.M.
The letter to the people of Cohanzy was read and approven.
The Presbytery received a letter from Mr. Gillespie, and it was ordered that
Mr. Henry write an answer unto it.
A complaint of the melancholy circumstances Mr. John Macky, in Elizabeth
River, Virginia, labours under, by IMr. Henry, the Presbytery was concerned.
And Mr. John Hampton saying that he designed to write to him on an affair
of his own, the Presbytery desired him to signify their regard to, and concern
for him.
The affair of David Evans came into consideration, and it was appointed that
Mr. Hampton, Henry, and Morgan, inc^uire into his proficiency in learning, and
give in a report the next sederunt.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow.
23 Die Martis, post 2>rcces, <&;c.
The letter to Mr. Gillespie was read and approven.
The brethren appointed to inquire into David Evans' proficiency in learning
brought in their report, that he had for the time, made considerable profi-
ciency ; whereupon it was voted, whether he should be ordained before the
next Presbytery, according to the people's desire, and it was cai-ried in the
negative.
Ordered, That he continue to follow his studies under the inspection of Mr.
Andrews, ttc, as heretofore.
1712.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 29
The letters to Dr. Cotton Mather, Mr. Wade, and the people of Woodbridge,
were written and approven.*
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews preach next Presbytery on the 11th verse of
the first of the Hebrews, and Mr. McNish on the 12th.
* To Dr. Cotton Mather.
September, 1712.
Rev. and Dear Brother : — You are not altogether unacquainted with the troubles that
have been long at Woodbridge, by reason of the difference between Mr. Wade and a great
part of the people there, which have occasioned much exercise and perplexity to us from
year to year at our anniversary meetings, not only since his admission into our society,
but also diverse years before. We hoped when he became one of us, we should have been
instrumental of putting an end to those unhappy jarrs and feuds, but to our great sor-
row, we have found ourselves miserably disappointed, for the contention increased rather
than decreased presently thereupon, and has done so ever since. At our Presbytery last
year, diverse of the people of Woodbridge appeared, some for aud others against Mr.
Wade ; and grievous scandals were charged upon him, against which he made the best
vindication he could, but not so good, but that we thought convenient to advise him to
demit his pastoral relation to the whole people of Woodbridge, which advice he readily
acquiesced in.
That the place might not be altogether destitute, it was thought expedient to make him
their supply till another could be procured, to the satisfaction of the Presbytery and
people. Mr. Wade, with tears in his eyes and trembling hands, declared he would be
no longer a bone of contention there, which was matter of great rejoicing and satisfac-
tion to us, expecting this would undoubtedly tend to the comfort and quiet of that mis-
erable town ; in which also our hope was frustrated to our great concern and lamentation.
Notwithstanding of such a free resignation of his charge made by him, he no sooner
returned home, but he told the people, with ostentation, that now he was more firmly
fixed in Woodbridge than ever he was before ; and instead of complying with his demis-
sion so solemnly made, and joining with the people to get another minister, as he had
promised to us ; when the town came together to consider of that matter, he declared that
he stood as fair to be voted for as any man, and contended that a vote should be first
past with respect to himself, fallaciously and falsely pretending private instructions from
divers members of the Presbytery so to do ; thereby overturning and misapplying all
that was done at the Presbytery, to the breaking up of the meeting once and again re
infecta, and to the further confusion of the town, which constrained the people to send a
messenger to a coram of our number for explication of our letter, which was very plain
of itself. Moreover he had the confidence in his letter to those, not only to claim an
interest in a part of the people still, as his church, but to recant that expression, wherein
he had declared, that he would be no longer a bone of contention, thereby virtually
renouncing his demission he had so formally made ; which i-ecantation, by the best infor-
mation we can get, he hath effectually complied withal, by his continuing to be the
miserable bone of contention there. For it plainly appears to us, that it is his industri-
ous endeavour to prevent the happy settlement of that place in another minister, either
by setting up himself again, or keeping up the contention, or both.
We hoped that when Mr. Gillespie came there, (a gentleman recommended with an
excellent character, and of so laudable a carriage,) that he should have been the happy
instrument of uniting that people, especially when his management there was to univer-
sal satisfaction And it is our opinion it had been so, if Mr. Wade had concurred with
the people in it. But when he returned from Boston with your letter, (which, we doubt
not, was with a sincere intention to promote the good of Woodbridge,) giving encour-
agement concerning one Mr. Wiswall ; the town became divided betwixt Mr. Gillespie
and Mr. Wiswall, which division we fear is too much owing to Mr. Wade, there appear-
ing all likelihood of agreement in Mr. Gillespie before, which mistake we conclude to
flow from misinformation, as your last letter to some in Woodbridge intimates.
We being fully persuaded, after serious deliberation aud consultation, that so long as
there is any hopes of Mr. Wade's preaching in Woodbridge, these feuds and animosities
will be endless, have ordained and appointed, in the name and fear of our great Master,
that the said Mr. Wade do no longer exercise his ministerial oiBce at that town of Wood-
bridge, or among the people thereof, unless hereafter allowed by the Presbytery. We
were constrained to this appointment, though Mr. Wade were not personally present, as
being the only thing we could propose, aud the utmost we could do for the good of poor
Woodbridge.
Now sir, our joint request to you is, that you will use your utmost endeavour for the
30 MINUTES OF THE [1713.
Nest Presbytery appointed to be at New Custle, on tbe third Tuesday of
September, 1713.
1 r I J5.
At a Presbytery held at New Castle, which began,
Srptrnihcr 15th, 1712. Post jnrces sederunt,
Ministers : Messrs. Jcdcdiah Andrews, George McXish, John Henry, James
Anderson.
Mr. James Anderson was chosen Clerk, and Mr. John Henry, IModcrator.
re-uniting of that people by persuading them and Mr. AVadeto lay aside all former resent-
ments and prejudices against one another, and peaceably acquiesce in the settlement of
Mr. Gillespie, if he may be prevailed upon. And in case this proposal should fail, by Mr.
Gillespie's removal, which we very mucli fear, that they may jointly agree in another
suitable person, whom yourself with our other reverend brethren in Boston shall recom-
mend, or that Providence may otherwise provide. We the more earnestly desire the
speedy settlement of that place, upon the advantages that other persuasions take from
those divisions, to make parties among them. And we fear, that in case it be not sooa
done, we shall lose that town, which we look upon as a place of considerable consequence.
Thus ha%-ing laid before you the miseries of that deplorable town, and the necessity of
its speedy relief, we conclude, recommending you and your holy labours to the blessing
of our glorious Lord, and rest, Reverend Brother,
Your aflfectionate Brethren in Christ. — [^Letter Book.']
To Mr. Nathaniel Wade.
September, 1712.
^Ir. Wade: — We have had our meeting according to appointment, and were sorry that
your business could not allow your attendance; your reasons intimated in your letter
Vere sustained. The continued feuds between you and the people of Woodbridge came
again under consideration, and after mature deliberation, we drew up the following over-
ture, as the determination of the Presbytery concerning j-ourself, which we here trans-
cribe and send you, expecting your ready compliance therewith. And at the same time
earnestly exhort you, in the name and fear of God, to be so far from countenancing any
differences among the people, by being a bone ofco?itention, that you do use your utmost
interest in them for their mutual peace and concord, as becomes a minister of the Prince
of Peace. We account it would be an honourable thing in you that you use your best
endeavours, that the worthy gentleman now among you, Mr. Gillespie, may be retained,
and not discouraged ; and that the people that have hitherto adhered to you. may be
advised thankfully to acquiesce in him. And in case these differences should drive Mr.
Gillespie out of the town, (which we hope no man will dare to maintain for that purpose,)
we expect you will conscientiously, what in you lies, labour with the people that the place
in.ay be settled in the enjoyment of some other suitable person whom Providence shall
provide. In a word, we earnestly recommend to you, that you study the peace and quiet
of the town, that they may become at length, if it can be, happy in the enjoyment of an
established ministry, .acconling to the present desires of the people, that so these quarrels
may not be carried on ad injinititm. — [Letter Book. J
The Overture is iu the book of minutes.
To our Christian Friends at Woodbridge.
September, 1712.
Christian Friends and Dearly Beloved : — We liave again taken much pains and spent
much time in deliberating upon the deploral)le differences of your town, which have
heretofore cost us so much perplexity and trouble. And after impartial weighing and
considering all circumstances we came to this conclusion, that so long as Mr. Wade docs
or may preach in the place, the people will neither agree in him nor in any other. We have,
therefore, in the name and fear of our great Master, ordained and appointed tl»at he do
no longer exercise his ministerial office at your town, or among the people thereof, unless
allowed by the Presbytery hereafter, of which we have given intimation iu our letter to
him. We do earnestly exhort and entreat you, in the bowels of our Lord .Jesus Christ, that
laying aside all prejudices and animosities among one another, you do study peace, love,
unity, and concoi-d, as you did solemnly engage not long since in a public meeting held
among you. Divine Providence having sent among you so worthy a man as Mr.
1713.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 31
Mr. Robert Lawson, Mr. Daniel Magill, and Mr. George Gillespie, having
applied to this Presbytery for admittance as members thereof, and the Presby-
tery finding, by their ample testimonials, that they have been legally and or-
derly ordained as ministers of the Gospel, and that they have since behaved
themselves as such, did cheerfully and cordially receive them, and so they took
their places.
After which the names of the members being called, there were present.
Ministers : Messrs. Jedediah Andrews, George McNish, John Henry, James
Anderson, Robert Lawson, Daniel Magill, and George Gillespie.
Elders : Messrs. Joseph Yard. Rowlaph Dehaws, James Caldwell, James
Bell, Alexander White.
Absent, Mr. John Hampton, whose letter of excuse was read and sustained.
Mr. Joseph Morgan was likewise absent.
Next sederunt appointed to be at three o'clock, afternoon, and so after
prayer the Presbytery was dismissed.
P. M. at three o'clock, post preces sederunt ut supra.
According to appointment of last Presbytery, Mr. Hampton and Mr. Henry
spoke to Mr. Davis concerning his former absence, and being on account of Mr.
Hampton's sickness, necessarily absent, he is for this time excused.
Mr. Bi-attou, mentioned in last year's minutes, to our great grief deceased,
October 1712.
Mr. Van Vleck bringing certain papers immediately after breaking up of the
Presbytery last year, to clear himself from the crimes charged upon him, as
may more fully appear by a memorandum in the Book of Letters : and there
being an appointment made to examine the validity of these papers, it was
judged by those appointed to inspect into that matter, that he was guilty.
( Vide Book of Letters.) And he being now absent, and nothing yet appearing
for his vindication, it is appointed that his suspension shall continue.*
Gillespie, we cannot but recommend him to your countenance and encouragement, as a
person, by tlie character he bears, by all information concerning him, worthy of your
acceptance, and in whom we hope you may be happy, if you can agree. To our lamen-
tation and sorrow we hear that the differences among you have produced thoughts in him,
that his abiding there will make him very uncomfortable. Nevertheless we shall en-
deavour to strengthen his hands and encourage his heart to try a while longer, waiting
for the effect of our renewed essays for peace and quietness among you. And in case
you should be so unhappy as to lose so deserving a man, we justly fear his removal may
prove a vast discouragement to another from venturing among you, which we conclude
all serious Christians will lay to heart. Nevertheless if these contentions should drive
him away, we hope you will still labour to be unanimous in the call and settlement of
another suitable person ; and we shall not be wanting, both by our prayers and other en-
deavours, to promote your happiness in the enjoyment of so great a blessing. And so
recommending you to the grace of God, we remain your cordial well-wishers.—
\_LeUer Book. ]
* Memorandum.
That the next day after the Presbytery broke up, IMr. Paulus Van Vleck making his
appearajice with some papers to vindicate himself from the crime of bigamy, which all
the members had a sight of, but all of them being just upon departing, except Mr. An-
drews, McNish, and iJampton, it was left to these to consider of those papers, which
they did, and thought them not sufhcient to clear him from that scandal. There came
also complaints against him for telling lies, concerning some things which he bought of
Mr. Vauder Gaegh, and said his mother sent them out of Holland. Whereupon these
members gave this as their judgment, that in case he should clear himself from the im-
putation of bigamy, yet that he should not be allowed to exercise his ministerial of&ce
till he cleared himself from the said charge of lying also.
Further, it being reported there was a letter at New York from the said Mr. Van Vleck' a
32 MINUTES OF THE [1713.
Mr. George Gillespie having read a call from the people of Whiteclay Creek,
and having delivered a sermon and exegesis, and being examined as to his know-
ledge in the original languages, his skill in philosophy and theology, by Messrs.
Andrews, Anderson, and Morgan, according to the appointment of the Presby-
tery, was approved, and solemnly set apart and ordained, by fasting, prayer,
and imposition of hands, to the office of the sacred ministry, upon the 2b th day
of May, 1713.*
Mr. Hampton writ to ]Mr. John Makie according to appointment.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews deliver his Presbytcrial exercise to-morrow, at
eleven o'clock.
Mr. George McNish not having his Presbytcrial exercise ready, and excusing
himself on account of sickness for a mouth past, was blamed for not prepa-
ring of it sooner, and ordered to prepare and deliver the same for the next
Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock.
Die Mercurii, \%tli day. Post preces sederunt^ dx.
The Eev. Mr. Howell Powell having offered himself for admittance as a
member of this Presbytery, the Presbytery was so well satisfied with what
mother, that contradicted these which he produced, Mr. McNish aud Hampton being
bound tliither, it was left to them to inspect into that affair.
Memorandum Second, October 24, 1712.
Mr. Hampton being; returned, makes this report, that they having made inspection
according; to order, found a letter from said Van Vleck's mother to his uncle, Jacob I'he-
nix, or his wife, bearing date within tliree or four daj's with Van Vleck's letter, and con-
tradictory to his, testifying that then his wife was alive; and found also, the hands a3
they thought, different. Whereupon they were really of opinion, that Mr. Van Vleck
was guilty of the crime laid to his charge.
Fhiladelphia, October 25, 1712.
Mr. Andrews and Hampton's letter to the Dutch people.
Christian Friends: — AVe have thought fit to communicate unto you further our thoughta
concerning your affair with Mr. Van Vleck, which are as followeth : First, concerning
the charge of his having two wives, inquiry has been made at New York as was appoin-
ted by the meeting, and it's found that there's a letter to Mr. Jacob Phenix, much of the
same date with Mr. Van Vleck's, but directly contradictory to it, testifying that his wife was
then alive, neither docs it at all appear to be any forgery, but very genuine, the hand
agreeing with former letters of Mr. Van Vleck's mother, who wrote this to Phenix. Nor
does it appear that either Mr. Phenix, or his wife, has any spite or malice again.st Mr.
Van Vleck at all, so that we are more afraid than ever that he is guilty of that dreadful
sin laid to his charge. And then, as to his foolish and needless lying, which is a very
scandalous sin, that is sufficiently evident. Both which crimes are greatly aggravated
by his drunkenness, besides swearing, and indecent light carriage ; all which, as we do
greatly lament, so we really think in our consciences you are not to encourage such a
person, under such grievous scandals, in the work of the holy ministry among you, but
rather to study and endeavour your supply otherways, by such Christian means as pru-
dence may direct you. And so, bidding you farewell, and wishing you all grace and
truth, we remain yours in the Lord. — \_Letter Book.']
* Memorandum.
That on the 28th of May, 1713, Mr. George Gillespie was ordained and set apart to
the ministerial work by Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, and Morgan. That he preached a
sermon the day before from Gal. iv. ver. 4th, and part of the 5th, and delivered his exe-
gesis on this question, viz. An Chrislus pro omnibus el ninquUs sit mortiiiis, discovered hia
knowledge in the original tongues, answered to sundry questions on several places
of Scripture and other theological matters; all which was done to good acceptance. —
\_Leller Book.]
1713.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 33
was offered in his behalf with respect to his ordination, &c. that it was agreed
to admit him as a member, with advice to him to procure further credentials
from some eminent ministers in England known to some of the members of the
Presbytery, within a year's time, and that till then it shall be free to him to
exercise his ministry in all its parts where Providence shall call him, but not
fully to settle as a fixed minister until the expiration of the said time.
Adjourned to three o'clock, afternoon.
P. M.
A call from the people of Monokin and Wicomico to Mr. Robert Law-
son, was presented to the Presbytery by James Caldwell, which being offered
to Mr. Lawson by the moderator, he took it into consideration, with promise
to give the people an answer as soon as the circumstances of his affairs would
allow.
The Presbytery received a letter from the Rev. Mr. Thomas Reynolds,
wherein he obliges himself to advance thirty pounds for the year 1713, to be
disposed of by the Presbytery. Appointed that a letter of thanks be writ to
him by Mr. George McNish, and Mr. Robert Lawson, against the next
sedertmt.*
Received a letter from Mr. Wotherspoon, with his credentials enclosed,
(which were well approved,) as also a letter from the people of Apoquinimy,
requesting that he may be ordained and settled among them as their minister,
the consideration of which is delayed till to-morrow.
Mr. Andrews delivered his Presbyterial exercise, which was approved.
London, December 24, 1712.
* Reverend and dear Brethren : — Having this opportunity by our good brother, Mr.
Robert Lawson, I could not but signify the concern I have for the interest of our com-
mon Lord in your parts, and let you know, that if it will be of service to support one or
more ministers to spread the gospel in those parts about you, where it may be most
needful, I do, for my own part, engage for the year coming, to advance thirty pounds.
to be paid to any you shall appoint here in London to receive it, upon condition that I
have first some timely advice of it by letter from our Rev. Brother Mr. Lawson, the
bearer hereof. And if in after years I may be in a capacity, I shall do what I can to
serve you. I desire to hear from you as soon as may be, and should be glad to be an
instrument of disappointing any that can encourage no expectation from us. Praying
the Lord abundantly to prosper the great work in your hand, I am, in great sincerity,
your atfectionate brother.— [Z/e«er Book.'\ THOMAS REYNOLDS.
The Presbytery held at New Castle, September 17, 1713, to the Rev. Mr. Thomas Rey-
nolds, in London.
Reverend Sir :— We received your letter dated December 24, 1712, per the Rev. Mr.
Robert Lawson, and after blessing God that any, especially of your character, regards
us, the skirts of Christ's Church in this American wilderness, we applaud your generous
and public spirit, and make a return of our hearty and best wishes with the utmost
gratitude, and so much the more, that though we have often addressed several of the
reverend ministers of London, you are the first and only one who hath taken notice of
us by letter.
Sir, your seasonable bounty for the relief of some weak congregations, unable of
themselves to subsist at present in maintaining their own ministers, makes the conduct
of Divine Providence the more remarkable unto us.
We shall be faithful in a just application of the same according to your direction.
Dear sir, give us leave humbly to request the continuance of your concern for us, and
the interok of Christ iu these parts ; and moreover that you use your interest, which we
know to be great, with others for engaging their Christian liberality in order to aid ne-
cessitous places ; want of support to ministers, in many corners, being a mighty bar to
the spreading of the gospel.
Our Rev. Brother, Mr. Robert Lawson, will advise how the money you so kindly
promise, shall be disposed of. We humbly salute, &c. and pray, k<i.—\_LeUer Book.'\
5
34 MINUTES OF THE [1714.
A letter from the people of Cohanzy, desiring advice about the choice of a
minister, being presented to the Presbytery by Mr. Ephraim Sayre, it was
agreed, in answer to the said letter, that our Rev. Brother, Mr. Howell Powell,
do officiate as minister of the gospel among them till the nest Presbytery or at
bis discretion.
Adjourned till to-morrow, eight o'clock.
17 day, Die Jovis, at eight o'clock.
The business of Mr. Wotherspoon and the people of Apoquinimy came again
into consideration, upon which the Presbytery appointed as follows, That Mas-
ters Andrews, Anderson, Powell, Jones, and Gillespie, do manage in the affiiir
between Mr. Wotherspoon and the people of Apoquinimy, that after a formal
call presented before them by the said people of Apoquinimy, they, at their own
discretion, appoint the said Mr. Wotherspoon to pass his trials before them, and
that if they shall be fully satisfied as to his qualifications, they proceed to his
ordination, and settlement among that people.
Appointed, That Mr. Andrews write a letter to Mr. Wotherspoon, and bring
it in the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
P. M.
Mr. Andrews writ the letter to Mr. Wotherspoon according to appointment,
and it was approved.
Mr. McNish, Lawson, and Henry, writ an answer to Mr. Reynold's letter,
which was approved. (See preceding note.)
Upon the desire of the people of Welsh Tract, it was ordered, that Mr. David
Evans reside and preach amongst them till the next Presbytery.
Inquiry was made, according to a former appointment, of ministers and the
people's representatives, concerning the mutual afi"airs between ministers and
people, in their respective congregations.
Mr. Gillespie ordered to write a letter to the Synod of Glasgow.*
Ordered, That Masters 3IcNish, McGill, Henry, and Gillespie, apply the
thirty pounds promised to this Presbytery by the Rev. Thomas Reynolds, of
London, to what members of the Presbytery they think fit.
Ordered, That Mr. Wotherspoon have a Presbyterial Exercise the next Pres-
bytery upon Heb. i. 13.
The next Presbytery appointed to be held at Philadelphia on the first Tues-
day of September, 1714.
1714.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia, which began
September 7th, 1714.
Where were present :
Ministers : Mr. John Hampton, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. James Ander-
son, Mr. Daniel McGill, Mr. George Gillespie, Mr. Howell Powell, Mr. Robert
Wothcr.spoon.
Elders : Samuel Hopkins, Joseph Yard, Alexander Bcal, Hugh Porter, Hans
Hanson, Joseph Scaly, John Gardner, Segfrigus Alricks.
Mr. Andrews was chosen moderator, and Mr. Anderson clerk.
Mr. Morgan's reasons for his absence last year, as also this year, were sus-
tained.
Mr. Davis, Henry, and McNish, absent.
* Memorandum.
That Mr. George Gillespie writ the letter to the Synod of Glasgow as was appointed.
— [^Letter £00/0."]
1714.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 35
The affair of Mr. Van Vleck's suspension continued for further consideration
and inquiry, until next sederunt.
The affair of Mr. McNish's absence and preaching referred, to be considered
at next sederunt.
The affair of Mr. Howell Powell referred, to be considered at the next
sederunt.
The minutes relating to Mr. Robert Lawson's call to Monokin, contained in
the last year's proceedings, being read, it was found that he departed this life
November last year.
It was reported by the ministers appointed to transact the affair relating to
Mr. Wotherspoon's ordination, that they in compliance with, the last year's
minutes, did solemnly by prayer, fasting, and imposition of hands, ordain the
said Mr. Robert Wotherspoon, unto the sacred function and office of the
ministry, to the Presbyterian congregation at Apoquinimy, upon the 13th day
of May, 1714.*
There has been no answer as yet from the Rev. Mr. Reynolds, concerning a
letter writ last year by this Presbytery to him.
Mr. David Evans obeyed his appointment with respect to his residing and
preaching at Welsh-Tract.
Mr. Robert Wotherspoon having not provided his Presbyterial exercise ac-
cording to appointment ; it was ordered that he should provide it against next
year's meeting, and that he preach a sermon upon Thursday next, here ; and
that the moderator should Presbyterially admonish him to be more careful for
time coming, which accordingly was done.
The condition of several desolate places being represented by some members,
the consideration of it was referred to the next sederunt.
After which the Presbytery was adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine
o'clock.
Wednesday, Ihr. 8th, at 9 o'clock, Ante M. sederunt ut s%ipra.
The last minutes came to be read.
The affair of Mr. Van Vleck was referred till to-morrow.
Mr. McNish's affair also continued.
The Presbytery having considered that their brother, Mr. Powell, had used
diligence to procure further credentials, according to the last year's minutes,
but not having as yet received answers from England, and we being further
satisfied by so long trial and personal acquaintance, together with other conside-
rable circumstances, and now an unanimous call being presented to us for him,
from the people of Cohanzy, the Presbytery, after mature deliberation, did sus-
tain the call, but withal, recommended to him as formerly, that he procure let-
ters from England ut supra.
Appointed that Mr. Hampton and Mr. McGrill write a letter to Mr. Thomas
Reynolds against to-morrow afternoon.
The Presbytery taking into consideration the desolate condition of the people
in Kent County, have appointed our brother, Mr. James Anderson, that he
* Memorandum.
It being appointed the last Presbytery, that the ordination of ^Mr. Robert Wother-
spoon, should be left to the discretion of diverse ministers who are named in the minutes ;
the said members having heard him preach a popular sermon on Heb. vi. 19 ; received
his exegesis on a question de sanctorum perseverantia, taken on account of his skill in the
original languages, and likewise his attainments and orthodoxy in theological matters, to
their satisfaction, did on the 13th day of May, 1714, set apart the said Mr. Wotherspoon
unto the work of the ministry.
36 MINUTES OF THE [171-1.
supply them with preaching, &c., one Sabbath in the month till the next Pres-
bytery, and that there be a letter accordingly writ to them by the moderator,
signifying the Trcsbytery's concern with relation to them, and that it be brought
in to-morrow.
Afterwards adjourned till 3 o'clock afternoon.
Post Meridiem, 3 o'clock, sederunt vt supra.
The call from the people of Cohanzy being read and presented to Mr. Hdwell
Powell by the moderator, was by him accepted ; whereupon the Presbytery
appointed Mr. Jedediah Andrews to preach his admission sermon, at the time
that shall be agreed upon betwixt the people and him.
The Presbytery taking into consideration the desolate condition, and also the
desire of the people at Cedar Creek, have, in order to their being supplied as
much as at this juncture can be, appointed as follows : tliat Mr. George Gilles-
pie preach there the third Sabbath of October, Mr. Wotherspoon the third
Sabbath of November ; and if Mr. x\nderson can, he is desired to go upon the
third Sabbath of March ; as also Mr. Hampton on the third Sabbath of June ;
Mr. Evans is appointed to go the third Sabbath of April ; and Mr. Bradner the
third Sabbath of May ; and Mr. John Henry on the third Sabbath of July.
And it is appointed that Mr. Davis preach the third Sabbath of February, and
that he preach there at other times as often as he can.
An unanimous call from the people of Welsh Tract to Mr. David Evans,
bein<^ presented to us and approven, we offered it to him, which he accepted ;
whereupon it was appointed as follows, viz :
That Mes.srs. Jedediah Andrews, Jones, Anderson, Gillespie, and Wother-
spoon, solemnly ordain him to the work and office of the ministry, after having
been satisfied with his ministerial abilities, in any pieces of trial they shall
think fit to appoint him.
The supplication of the people of Cape May, with respect to Mr. John Brad-
ner, preacher, being presented by David Wells, in the name of the rest of that
people, was read, and the further consideration of that affair was referred until
the next sederunt.
Adjourned till to-morrow, 9 o'clock.
Die Jovis at 9 o'clock, sederunt ut supra.
The letter of the moderator to the people of Kent County, was read and
approven.
This day jMr. Davis and Henry came, and the reason of their absence until
this time was sustained.
It is reported that Mr. Samuel Davis, Mr. Hampton, and Mr. Henry, having
upon good and sufficient reasons taken Mr. John Bradner under trials in order
to his being licenced to preach the gospel, and having gone through the ordi-
nary pieces of trial, and being satisfied with him therein, as also with respect
to the orthodoxy of his faith, did license him accordingly in March last ; which
was approven.
The petition and call from the people of Cape May, with respect to Mr.
Bradner, being now considered, and he having accepted of their call and peti-
tion, it is ai)pointcd that Messrs. Davis, Andrews, Anderson, Powell, and
Wotherspoon, take the said JMr. Bradner under trials in order to his being or-
dained in that place, and that they proceed in the aforesaid affair as they shall
eee fit.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock, afternoon.
171i.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 37
P. M. 3 o'clock, sederunt ut supra.
The letter appointed to be writ to Mr. Reynolds by Mr. Hampton and McGill,
was read and appro ven.*
The Rev. Mr. Malachi Jones, having offered himself to be a member of this
Presbytery, the Presbytery taking his affair into consideration, and being very
well satisfied as to his ordination and other qualifications, did heartily accept
of his offer, and accordingly admitted him.
There being diverse people in the Great Valley with whom Mr. David Evans
has been concerned, it was queried whether said people should be looked upon
as a part of the church and congregation of the Welsh-Tract, or a distinct body
by themselves, and it was carried by the Presbytery that they be esteemed a
distinct society.
Inquiry was made according to a former appointment, of the ministers and
the people's representatives, concerning their mutual affairs, betwixt ministers
and people in their respective congregations.
Mr. McNish his Presbyterial exercise is appointed to be delivered the next
year, the reason of his absence now not being known to the Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow, 7 o'clock.
At 7 o'clock, A. M. sederunt ut svpra.
For the better establishing and settling congregations, it is ordered and ap-
pointed that in every congregation there be a sufficient number of assistants
chosen, to aid the minister in the management of congregational affairs, and
that there be a book of records for that effect, and that the same be annually
brought here to be revised by the Presbytery.
The business of Mr. Paul Van Vleck being come again under consideration,
it is determined that the censure of suspension which he already lies under
should continue; and that Mr. Andrews and Mr. McNish make further in-
• To Mr. Thomas Reynolds, Minister in London.
7 br. 10th, 1714.
Reverend Sir : — We hope that you've received our former letter, in which, according to
duty, vpe did return you our hearty thanks for that Christian and charitable spirit which
had discovered itself in you, and your zeal in order to the support of the gospel among
us ; and at the same time we intimated to you how we had applied, in the most charita-
ble manner, that money which you had dedicated to the support of God's works in these
parts, namely, ten pounds sterling for Philadelphia, ten for New Castle, and ten for our
dear and now deceased brother, Mr. Robert Lawsou. As also we earnestly intimated the
continuance of the same favour for the same purposes. But neither we nor the gentle-
men coEcerned have received, as yet, any answer from you. If it shall suit with your
pleasure and convenience, to continue the same favour, as your former was applied ac-
cording to our disposal, dear brother, there is the same prospect of advancing God's
work in these parts of the world, several applications being made to us for supply ; but
we being so few in number, places being so far distant, and we having no ministers
among us but pastors of congregations, and not being in a capacity to maintain any
itinerant preachers, who might be helpful in order to the propagation of the gospel ; we
must with great concern intimate unto you, that notwithstanding of all that possibly we
can do, the work of the Lord must suifer. We hope you will consider and improve what
we have narrated concerning our present circumstances, and shall expect to hear from
you the first opportunity, which shall be very gratifying to, Reverend Sir, your fellow
labourers in the work of the gospel of Christ.
P. S. Lear Sir : — We judge it worthy of your consideration, that in the province of
Pennsylvania and territoi-ies, and also in the Jerseys, there is no conformable ministry
according to the Church of England established, and therefore you may easily perceive
that this is the proper season for advancing the gospel in the truth and purity. Yours,
ut supra.
P. S. 2d. Mr. McNish, per order from us, wrote you upon the premises last fill.—
[^Letter Book.'\
38 MINUTES OF THE [1715.
quiry concerning his circumstances and condition, by writing to Holland or
otherwise, and make report the next Presbytery.
The reasons of Mr. McXish his absence until this sederunt, were heard and
sustained.
Mr. Samuel Davis having not delivered his Presbyterial exercise formerly
appointed him on Heb. i. 4, it is ordered that he have it next year.
The place appointed for the next Presbytery is New Castle, and to be held
on the third Tuesday of September, in the year 1715.
And so afterwards the Presbytery was dissolved.
1715.
At a Presbytery held at New Castle,
September 20th, 1715.
Ministers present : Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. Greorge McNish, Mr. John
Hampton, Mr. James Anderson, Mr. Daniel McGill, Mr. Howell Powell, Mr.
George Gillespie, Mr. llobert Wotherspoon, Mr. Malachi Jones, Mr. David
Evans, Mr. John Braduer.
Elders present: Nathaniel Hopkins, Joseph Yard, Sylvester Garland, "William
Scott, James Alexander, Ephraim Sayer, Thomas Heywood, John Parsons,
Evan Rowland.
Mr. Hampton was chosen moderator, and Mr. Evans clerk.
Ordered, That the last years' minutes be read over.
Messrs. Davis, Henry, and Morgan, were absent.
Mr. Wotherspoon delivered his Presbyterial exercise according to appoint-
ment, and it was approved of.
It being appointed by the last Presbytery, that Mr. Howell Powell should
get further credentials from England, the Presbytery is now satisfied in that
matter.
Our brother, Mr. Anderson, hath supplied the people of Kent County ac-
cording to appointment.
Mr. Andrews preached Mr. Powell's admission sermon the fifteenth day of
October last, according to appointment.
The supplies that were appointed for the people of Cedar Creek by the last
Presbytery, were complied with.
The ministers appointed last year to ordain Mr. David Evans, did upon the
third day of November last, by fasting, prayer, and imposition of hands, sol-
emnly set him apart to the work of the ministry among the people of Welsh
Tract, having been satisfied with his ministerial qualifications.*
The llev. Mr. Andrews, Powell, and Evans, with the approbation of the
other ministers mentioned in the last year's minutes, having taken an account
of Mr. John Braduer's ministerial qualifications to their satisfaction, did upon
the (ith day of May last, by fasting, prayer, and imposition of hands, solemnly
set apart the said Mr. Braduer to the work of the ministry among the people
of Cape May.f
'Memorandum.
It being appointed the last Presbytery, that the ordination of Mr. David Evans should
be left to the discretion of diverse ministers mentioned in the minutes ; the said mem-
bers having heard him preach a pojtular sermon on Romans iii, 31, received his exeijesis
oa a question de necessitate spccialis Spintus Saneti operalionis ad conversioncin, taken au
account of his skill in the original languages, and likewise of his attainments and ortho-
doxy in tlieological matters, to their satisfaction, did on the third day of November,
1714, ordain the said Mr. Evaas to the work of the ministry. — \_Lcttcr Bouk.'\
f Memorandum
It being appointed the last Presbytery that the ordination of Mr. John Bradner should
be left to the discretion and management of sundry ministers meutioued in the book of
1715.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 39
The affair of Mr. Reynolds bis letter referred to the next sederunt.
The inquiry about matters between ministers and people, and session-books,
referred till afterwards.
The affair of Mr. Van Vleck referred to next sederunt.
Adjourned till to-morrow, eight o'clock.
21 day, Wednesday, sessione 2da. sederunt ut supra.
The minute concerning Mr. Reynolds his affair, continued till the next
sederunt.
Mr. Van Vleck's affair also continued till the next sederunt.
Mr. James Gordon having presented a call from the people of Baltimore
county, in 3Iaryland, unto Mr. Hugh Conn, the Presbytery called for, considered,
and approved the said Mr. Conn's credentials as a preacher of the gospel, and
likewise considered and approved the call, which being presented by the mode-
rator unto the said Mr. Conn, he accepted of it, whereupon it was appointed
that Mr. McCrill, Anderson, Grillespie, Wotherspoon, and Evans, after being
satisfied with his ministerial abilities, should solemnly by prayer, fasting, and
imposition of hands, ordain him unto the work of the ministry among the
abovesaid people, the third Thursday of October next.
Mr. Philip Ringo having presented a call from the people of Maidenhead and
Hopewell, in West Jersey, unto Mr. Robert Orr, the Presbytery called for, con-
sidered of, and approved the said Mr. Orr his credentials as a preacher of the
gospel, and likewise considered of, and approved the call, which being presented
by the moderator unto the said Mr. Orr, he accepted of it, whereupon it was
appointed that Mr. Andrews, Powell, McNish, Jones, and Morgan, after having
been satisfied with the said Mr. Orr his ministerial abilities, should solemnly
ordain him by fasting, prayer, and imposition of hands, unto the work of the
ministry among the said people of Hopewell and Maidenhead, on the third
Wednesday of October next.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
Post 3feridiem, three d clock. Postpreces sederunt ut supra.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews and Mr. McGill write to the Rev. Mr. Thomas
Reynolds, of London, to maintain the correspondence that hath been between
the Presbytery and him.*
minutes ; two of the said number, viz : Mr. Andrews and Mr. Powell, in conjunction
with Mr. David Evans, and with the approbation of the rest of the ministers concerned,
went to Cape May on that errand. And they having heard the said Mr. Bradner preach
a popular sermon from Phil. ii. 12, 13, received his exegesis, De materia Justificationis,
taken an account of his skill in the original tongues, and also of his attainments and
orthodoxy in Divinity to their satisfaction, did on the sixth day of May, 1715, ordain the
said Mr. Bradner to the work of the ministry.
Mr. Andrews preached the admission sermon of Mr. Powell at Cohanzy.— [Ze«er Book.'^
* To Mr. Thomas Reynolds, in London.
September 23, 1715.
Reverend Sir : — We thought fit at this our anniversary, (as we did likewise last year,)
to transmit a few lines expressive of our desire, that a correspondence, which you were
pleased to begin by your kind letter the year before last, may be continued and strength-
ened, and as a testification of our thankfulness that a person of your character, (when
so many have, to our frequent disappointment neglected us,) should not only refresh us
with your letter, but also show your Christian desire for the success of the gospel in
these parts, by a generous offer of your help for its support, which to our satisfaction we
40 MINUTES OF THE [1715.
!Mr. Andrews and Mr. McNish made report concerning Van Vleck, that he
is run out of the country, and that they, having writ to Holland according to
appointment, had not yet received any answer.
Mr. McNish delivered his Presbyterial exercise, and was approven.
Mr. Samuel Gelston presented credentials of his being licensed to preach the
gospel, which were considered and approved, and he was appointed to preach
the next day.
A letter being presented by Mr. McNish from Mr. John Thomson, proba-
tioner, lately come into the country, desiring the advice and assistance of the
Presbytery, it was ordered that Mr. Powell write a letter to him in answer
to his.
Adjourned till eight o'clock next day.
22 day. Thursday, ci(jlu o'clock, sederunt ut stq^ra.
Mr. Powell writ the letter to Mr. Thomson according to appointment, and it
was approved.
Mr. Davis his letter was read, and the reasons for his and Mr. Henry's ab-
sence were considered and sustained.
A motion being made by the people of Lewistown concerning their being sup-
plied with another minister besides Mr. Davis, the Presbytery taking into con-
sideration the state of that people, and their said desire to have a mini.^^tcr to
officiate statedly among them, and that Mr. Davis has had no pastoral relation
in particular to that people ; and considering also, that the present condition
and posture of Mr. Davis his affairs will not allow of his being a fixed, stated
pastor to the said people, and the said Davis his willingness that there may be
a minister provided, (as some of our members have signified to us,) the Pres-
bytery doth, therefore, appoint that Mr. Andrews, Hampton, and Anderson,
write to Mr. Davis, and the people of Lewis, signifying that the Presbytery
approves their desire, and will take care to have them supplied with a minister
as soon as they can.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews, McNish, and Gillespie, write a letter to the
people of Patuxent, in relation to the present posture of their affairs there.
Inquiry was made concerning the respective afiairs between ministers and
their congregations, as usual.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
hear has been complied witlial. And it's no small comfort to us, that Mr. Hugh Conn
gives information of your willingness to continue your bounty for the use abovesaid,
■which as it would be very acceptable, so it's no less necessary than heretofore. As we
accept your Christian bounty in good part, and value it as a mark of our common Lord's
goodness and care to the support of his servants in narrow circumstances among us, so
we crave leave to beg your pious concern for our common interest, in moving your pub-
lie spirited friends to go into the same good design for supporting our ministers, (that is,
those among us, who without some help besides what their own poor congregations are
able to give, are straitened.) by some annual gratuity. And we can truly assure you,
that your former kindness was applied, as near as we could apprehend, according to your
jutention in bestowing it. The reason of our expressing ourselves after this manner, is
from an information as though you had some particular regard to the .lersies, which, as
we were altogether unseusible of, so we are well satisfied, if there were any such thing,
it proceeded from your not being fully acquainted with the condition of these provinces.
We are much concerned that we received no return in answer to our last, though we have
ground to think that it's not from your forgetfulness of us, but the miscarriage of your
fetters, Mr. Conn having acquainted us that he had letters for some of us, and left them
for conveyance, but they are not yet arrived, and we fear are now quite lost, which
makes us the more desirous of hearing from you by the first opportunity. We salute
you heartily in the Lord, &c. — \_Lctter JJoo/c.']
1715.] PRESBYTERY OF PHUiADELPHIA. 41
P. M.
Mr. Andrews, Hampton, and Anderson, writ the letter to Mr. Davis and the
people of Lewis, and it was approved.*
In pursuance of an act made last Presbytery appointing every minister to
appoint assistants and session books, &c. and in regard diverse of the ministers
have not complied with the designs of said act, it was therefore ordered, that
the several ministers come with said books, and perform the other end of the
said act as it is specified therein.
Adjourned till eight o'clock the next day.
23 day. Die Veneris, post preces, sederunt ut supra.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Pumry, minister at Newtown, on Long Island, offered
himself to be a member of this Presbytery, and was heartily and unanimously
accepted, he promising subjection to the Presbytery, in the Lord.
The Presbytery taking into consideration that the people of Woodbridge
have not the sealing ordinances administered among them, from hearty concern
for that people, (who have been their care formerly,) did appoint Mr. Andrews
to write pressingly to the said people, that they use utmost diligence to have a
minister ordained to labour and officiate statedly among them, that the great
want they are in of the ordinances may be speedily supplied.
It is appointed that Mr. Andrews write to Mr. Pierson to the effect above-
said, and report to the next Presbytery.
The Presbytery taking into their consideration the desolate condition of the
people of Kent county, and their desire to be supplied, appointed Mr. Samuel
Gelston to supply them upon trial, with the advice of the neighbouring min-
isters.
The letter to the people of Patuxent was read and approved. f
• To Mr. Davis, and others, at Lewis.
September 22, 1715,
Dear Brother Davis, and Christian friends at Lewis : — Having taken into our serious
considei-ation the present condition with respect to a better establishment of the gospel
in yoar parts, we came to the following determinations ; that there never having yet been
a pastoral relation betwixt you, nor likely to be, according to our best apprehension, we
have judged it best for the glory of God, and your future comforts, to leave you each to
your choice, to provide yourselves as you can for your spiritual interests, and the in-
crease of Christ's kingdom. Not doubting but in the mean time you will maintain a
Christian correspondence, and be mutually as comfortable to one another as your cir-
cumstances will allow ; our Brother Davis by preaching, when at home, and until
another supply be found, and our Christian friends by thankfullj"- acknowledging the
same. And as to a settled ministry, there is one Mr. Thompson now arrived at York,
■with his wife and family, concerning whom Mr. McNish will, in a little time, give you
further advice. And in case this should fail, we recommend you to your neighbouring
ministers for advice. Recommending you to the Lord, and the word of his grace, we
remain yours, &c. — \_Letter Book.]
f To our Christian Friends at (Patuxent or) Marlborough, Maryland.
September, 1715.
Christian Friends : — Among other valuable friends who justly demand our concern for
their best interests, we were very willing to remember you, and the weighty matters
that belong to our common Lord and Saviour in your congregation. We cannot but
represent it to j'ou, as a thing which ourselves have had much comfort in hearing from
our brother and your reverend pastor, that when, (as is our practice,) he was interro-
gate touching the manner of his people's deportment towards him in his pastoral office,
he made his answer wholly to their advantage, and with a pleasing earnestness to com-
mend them, as made it apparent to us he had good cause for what he spoke. Notwith-
standing we cannot but signify to our good friends, how sensibly some things among
you affect us. The love we bear to our common Lord's interest among you gives us
6
42 MINUTES OF THE [1716.
Appointed, That Mr. Gillespie and Mr. McGrill preach the Presbyterial ex-
ercises nest year. Mr. Gillespie from ver. 14, of Heb. i., and Mr. McGill
from Heb. ii. ver. 1.
It is appointed that it be recommended to all and every member of this Pres-
bytery, that betwixt this and our next meeting they may think of, and prepare,
what they may judge most necessary to be presented to our Presbytery for the
common or particuhir good of all or any of us.
Appointed, That the next Presbytery be held at Philadelphia upon the third
Tuesday of September, 1716.
1716.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia,
September l^tJi, 1716. Post ^yreces sedemnt
Mr. Hampton moderator, Mr. Andrews, Mr. McNish, Mr. John Henry, Mr.
James Anderson, Mr. George Gillespie, Mr. Puniry, Mr. Orr, ministers.
John Dredden, David Giffin, John Steel, Enoch Anderson, elders.
Absent ministers, Masters McGill, Powell, Bradner, Jones, Conn, "Wother-
spoon, Evans, Morgan, and Davis, and their elders.
Mr. McNish was chosen moderator, and Mr. Anderson clerk.
Mr. Edmundson being present as a representative of the congregation of Pa-
tuxent, and their minister absent, it was put to the vote, whether the said Mr.
Edmundson should act here as a representative notwithstanding the minister's
absence, and carried in the affirmative, ncmine contradicentc.
The last year's minutes were ordered to be read.
Mr. Morgan's absence the last and this year referred to the next sederunt, to
be considered.
great uneasiness at hearing any of Satan's devices threatening your gospel peace, and
the mutual love the followers of Christ are strictly bound to cultivate among themselves.
We pray the God of all grace to recover what of the sweet fruits of this is lost, or in
danger to be lost among you, and that you may be one in the Lord, and one among
yourselves in the spirit of true holiness, meekness, truth, love, and mutual forbearance.
If these things be your study, who can doubt but the Lord will make them j'our happy
attainment ? AVe recommend to you, and expect your ready compliance with, a few pro-
posals, which we hope will be taken with the same loving mind as they are written, and
it is in your power to make them helpful to your present condition. We heartily re-
commend it you, that you watch against all attempts of Satan to infringe your Christian
harmony and union, which is your beauty and strength. Now God has given you an
uncommon season, and advantage for bearing testimony to his interest among you, how
much you love him and it ; if there are temptations in your way, to maintain union, the
blessings will be so great and universal that you cannot over-do in all Christian methods
to preserve it. Herein appear for God, and for the house of God, which ye know is not
divided against itself, neither should the cliildren of the same God against one another.
Satan's policy and malice has appeared in his attempts to divide you, but it will no less
show you are the children of the God of peace and love, when you break through his
snares to maintain your union, and concentre in gospel peace and love among yourselves.
Particularly we recommend to you that with firmness and godly resolution you oppose
yourselves to all dividing measures. We apprehend that the disproportion between the
number of your elders and deacons, may occasion some uneasiness in your session, but
hope you will find it no hard matter to prevent any ill consequence in this. We need
only represent unto you the ends and institution of Scripture deacons, and that there is
no juridical power allowed them in the Scripture. We recommend earnestly to you a
Christian regard to our worthy brother your pastor, and that you encoui'age, honour,
and obey him in the Lord, that his labours, as they are for his people, so tliey may turn
to your and his account in the day of the Lord. Lastly, we expect your acquiesence in
our last year's act, touching sessions and session books, which we presume you know to
be agreeable to the laudable practice of the best reformed churches. This letter has
been judged needful, according to the representation made us by your messenger, Mr.
Scott. Thus recommending you to glorious grace, we rest, &c. — [Letter Book.J
1716.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 43
The appointment with respect to Mr. Con's ordination was fulfilled, and Mr.
Wotherspoon and Mr. Evans being absent, the inquiry into the reasons thereof
was referred till next sederunt.
' Mr. Orr was ordained at Maidenhead, according to appointment, only Mas-
ters McNish, Jones, and Powell were absent, the reasons whereof were heard
and sustained ; and in the room of those, .three other ministers assisted.*
A letter from the people of Patusent being read, the further consideration
thereof referred till another sederunt.
After the reading of Mr. Andrews his letters, which by the last Presbytery
he was appointed to write to the people of Woodbridge and Mr. Pierson, the
Presbytery were well satisfied with them both.
A letter from Mr. Pierson to be communicated to the Presbytery in answer
to the letter sent to him by Mr. Andrews was read, and the fuller considera-
tion of it referred till next sederunt.
Mr. Gelston's supply of Kent county, the consideration of it referred till
afterwards.
The appointment made last year about bringing in overtures to the next
Presbytery referred till afterwards.
Adjourned till to-morrow at eight o'clock.
^Yednesday, eight d" clock, post preces sederunt, &c.
Yesterday's minutes ordered to be read.
Mr. McNish's reasons for not bringing an elder or representative with him,
were heard and sustained.
Mr. Henry's representative of the congregation being absent, and his reasons
for not coming being inquired into, he said the present condition of his people
made it necessary that there should be a particular collection made by the con-
gregation for defraying the charges of the representative to the Presbytery, and
it was allowed that there should.
The reasons of Mr. Pumry's elder's absence were inquired into and sus-
tained.
Mr. McGrilFs absence excused on account of his sickness.
Mr. Jones being absent yesterday, did this day give the reasons of his ab-
sence, which were sustained.
Mr. Wotherspoon's reasons of his absence this Presbytery, given by letter,
were sustained.
Mr. Evans his absence yesterday being inquired into, he acknowledged he
was blamable for not coming sooner.
Mr. Morgan's absence this and several years by-past being inquired into, it
was resolved, that a letter should be writ, informing him that if he comes not,
nor sends sufl&cient reasons against next year, we shall take it for granted that
h« has altogether deserted us. The letter to be writ by Mr. Andrews.
Adjourned till after sermon.
After sermon, sedo'vnt, &c.
Mr. Gillespie's Presbyterial exercise was animadverted upon and ap-
proved.
* Memorandum.
Mr. Robert Orr having performed those points of trial assigned him to satisfaction,
namely, preached a popuhir sermon from .James ii. 24, and given an exegesis on that
question, An foediis circumcisione sigmUum, a foedere Eoangelico essentialiier diferat ?
and also answered to various interlocutory questions touching theological matters, and
given a specimen of his attainments in other parts of learning to good approbation, he
the said Mr. Orr, was, on the 20th day of October, 1715, solemnly set apart to the work
of the ministry, by Masters Andrews, Morgan, Dickinson, Evans, and Bradner, at Maid-
enhead, before a numerous assembly. — [Letter Book.}
44 MINUTES OF THE [IT 16.
The reasons of Mr. Wotherspoon's absence from Mr. Con's ordination and
this Presbytery, were by letter given and sustained.
Mr. Evans Lis absence from Mr. Con's ordination, was ill taken by the Pres-
bytery.
The letter from the people of Patuxent, in answer to one from us last year,
•was read the second time to our great satisfaction.
The consideration of Mr. Pierson's letter, referred till we hear from the peo-
ple of AVoodbridge.
The Presbytery having taken into their serious consideration the affair of
Mr. Gelston, in relation to the people of Kent, have found ground to, and did
censure his not going back to the people of Kent, according to his promise to
them. As for all his other conduct among that people, they themselves in
their letter to us commend him.
Adjourned till to-morrow 9 o'clock, in the morning.
Thursday, at 9 o^clock, sederunt, &c.
The affair of Kent being taken into the Presbyteries consideration, from a
Christian sense of the want of the ordinances among them, at present have,
for their encouragement, appointed Mr. Davis, (Hllespie, Wotherspnon, and
Evans, to preach in the county of Kent each once betwixt this and the next
Presbytery ; that is to say Mr. Gillespie on the third Sabbath of October, Mr,
Wotherspoon the third Sabbath of April, IMr. Davis the third Sabbath of June,
Mr. Evans the third Sabbath of May. And it is likewise ordered, that Mr.
Anderson do preach to the said people of Kent once in every month till the
next Presbytery, provided he find suitable encouragement. Appointed also,
that a letter be writ to the people of Cedar-Creek and Kent in answer to theirs,
by Mr. Andrews and Mr. Hampton.
A call from the people of South-Hampton, on Long-Island, to Mr. Gelston,
wherein the said people do subject themselves to us in the Lord, as a Presby-
tery, being presented to us in the name of their representatives, we did tender
it to the said Mr. Gelston, and he accepted it. Upon which the Presbytery,
understanding that our brethren, Masters McNish and Pumry had prescribed
him a popular sermon on John xiv. G, and an exeijcsis, De libero arbitrio, to be
delivered this Presbytery, if the Presbytery thought fit, as a part of trial
in order to ordination, did appoint him to deliver the popular sermon to-
morrow.
The business of bringing in overtures to the Presbytery, referred to another
sederunt.
A call from the people in and about Lewis-Town, to Mr. John Thomson,
being by AVilliam Shankland, commissioner from the said people, laid before
us and read, and he being himself absent by reason of sickness ; but having in
a letter to us signified his willingness to submit to what the Presbytery should
think expedient for that people and his own good, did appoint that the said call
be tendered to Mr. Thomson by Mr. Hampton, and upon his acceptance, the
Presbytery does appoint Masters Davis, Hampton, Henry, Wotherspoon, An-
derson, Gillespie, Evans, andBradncr, to take his trials, and upon their satis-
faction to proceed to ordination upon the first Wednesday of April next ; and
that the ordination sermon be preached by Mr. Henry, or in his absence by
Mr. Hampton.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock.
At 3 o'clocJc, sederxint nt supra.
Mr. Powell's absence sustained on account of his sickness, which he signi-
fied to us by his^etter.
1716.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 45
The aflFair of Woodbridge coming into consideration, the Presbytery ordered
that Mr. McNish and Mr. Pumry should fully discourse Mr. Pierson and the
people there, concerning the causes of his non-ordination among them, and to
do their best for removing any obstacle that may at present hinder his ordina-
tion ; and if the Divine Providence shall thereby happily remove all obstruc-
tions, that then Mr. McNish an I Mr. Pumry shall represent the same unto Mr.
Andrews and other neighbouring ministers of the Presbytery ; and the Pres-
bytery does appoint, that in case all the said obstructions be fairly removed,
upon the request of the people, with the concurrence of Mr. Pierson, that then
the said people do apply to Mr. Andrews, Mr. Jones, Mr. Orr, Mr. Pumry,
Mr. Powell, and Mr. Bradner, for the ordination of the said Mr. Piersou
among them, and that they ordain him, as they shall upon trial find satisfaction,
and do appoint that the oi'dination sermon be preached by Mr. Andrews or Mr.
Powell, as they shall agree.
Inquiry was made according to a former appointment of the ministers and
the people's representatives, concerning ti»cir mutual affairs betwixt ministers
and people in their respective congregations.
Adjourned till half an hour after eight in the morning.
Die Veneris at half an hour after eight o^dock, sederunt ut siq^ra.
A letter from Mr. Davis came this day to us, wherein he gave reasons for his
absence at this Presbytery, which were sustained.
This day a letter from the people of Woodbridge was read and considered.
The Presbytery are very well satisfied with the proposals made to Mr. Pier-
son for his settlement among them, and do judge if Mr. Pierson make any
other or higher demands upon that people, his demands shall be accounted
unreasonable, and the people are not to be blamed for refusing them. And
in that case it is recommended to the people, that they look out for another
minister.*
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
At 3 o^clocTc, sederunt ut supra.
Mr. Gelston's popular sermon was delivered, and after remarks thereupon, it
was put to the vote, whether it should be accepted of as a part of his trials for
ordination, which was carried in the affirmative.
It having pleased Divine Providence so to increase our number, as that, after
much deliberation, we judge it may be more serviceable to the interest of reli-
gion, to divide ourselves into suboi'dinate meetings or Presbyteries, constituting
one annually as a synod, to meet at Philadelphia or elsewhere, to consist of all
the members of each subordinate Presbytery or meeting for this year at least :
Therefore it is agreed by the Presbytery, after serious deliberation, that the
first subordinate meeting or Presbytery, to meet at Philadelphia or elsewhere,
as they shall see fit, do consist of these following members, viz : Masters An-
drews, Jones, Powell, Orr, Bradner, and Morgan. And the second to meet at
New Castle or elsewhere, as they shall see fit, to consist of those, viz : Masters
Anderson, McGrill, Gillespie, Wotherspoon, Evans, and Conn. The third to
* Memorandum.
Mr. John Pierson having performed these points of trial assigned him, viz : preached
a popular sermon from Tit. iii. 8, delivered an exogesis on that question, an jusdficatio
nostra sit ab aterno aut in tempore prcestita, answered to many questions touching theo-
logical matters, and also discovered his skill in the original languages ; all which being
done to satisfaction, the said Mr. Pierson was ordained and set apart to the work of the
ministry at Woodbridge, on the 29th day of April, 1717, by Masters Andrews, Pridden,
Morgan, Orr, and Dickenson, before a very great assembly.
46 MINUTES OF THE PRESBYTERY OF PIIILADELPniA. [1716,
meet at Snow-Hill or elsewhere, to consist of these, viz : IMasters Davis,
Hampton, and Henry. And in consideration that only our brethren Mr.
McNish and 3Ir. Pumry, are of our number upon Long-Island at present, we
earnestly recommend it to them to use their best endeavours with the neigh-
bouring brethren that are settled there, which as yet join not with us, to join
with them in erecting a fourth Presbytery. And as to the time of the meet-
ing of the respective Presbyteries, it is ordered that that be left to their own
discretion.
Ordered, That a book be kept by each of the said Presbyteries, containing a
record of their proceedings, and that the said book be brought every year to
our anniversary Synod to be revised.
It is appointed by this Presbytery, that the affair of Mr. Pumry, with rela-
tion to his people of Newton, on Long-Island, come under the consideration of
the first Presbyterial meeting that shall be upon the said Long-Island; and if
there shall not be such a meeting or Presbytery in some reasonable time, and
if the said Mr. Pumry have not his grievances redressed, that then it be left
to Mr. McNish and himself to determine as prudence shall direct, and be ac-
countable to our next general meeting or Synod.
With respect to session-books, mentioned in our last year's minutes, it is
ordered, that they be brought into and revised by the respective Presbyteries,
to which they shall after this time, according to our preceding appointment,
belong.
Adjourned till 8 o'clock, in the morning.
At 8 o'clock, sederunt ut supra.
Our next meeting being appointed as a Synod, it is ordered that the present
moderator open the same by preaching ; and that the Moderator of the last
Synod open the next by preaching always for the time coming upon the first
Tuesday of our meeting, at 10 o'clock.
That the matter of Mr. Gelston's further trial and ordination, be entirely
referred to Mr. McNish and Pumry, with what brethren they can there engage
to join with them presbyterially on Long-Island.
Ordered, That the business of further overtures be continued, to be brought
in to our next annual Synod.
Appointed that the first meeting of our said Synod be at Philadelphia, on
the third Tuesday of September, in the year 1717.
Adjourned till the third Tuesday of September, in the year 1717.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
Notwithstanding the peculiar difficulties with -which this early Presbytery
had to contend, and to which allusion is made in their records and correspon-
dence, it received an annual accession to its numbers, and the growth of the
infant Church became each year more promising. It will be perceived that at
their meeting in September, 1716, the Presbytery had become so much en-
larged, that it was resolved to divide it into four subordinate judicatories, or
Presbyteries, which should be constituent members of an annual Synod, which
assumed the name of the Synod of Philadelphia. This measure seemed to be
dictated as well by convenience, as by a regard to the general interests of the
Church, since it must have been almost impracticable, when the facilities for
travelling were few, and the stipends of the ministerial members were exceed-
ingly limited, to assemble them from several different provinces, as frequently
as the interests of the Church might require.
The records of these subordinate judicatories, after the organization of the
first Synod, although highly important and interesting in themselves, do not
form any part of this work.* The affairs of the Church were successfully and
happily managed, under the control of the Synod of Philadelphia, until the
rise of those differences, which in the year 1741 resulted in an extensive and
unhappy schism. The cause of these dissensions was not diversity of senti-
ment on any of the cardinal doctrines of the gospel, for both parties alike ad-
hered, in good faith, to the Westminster Confession and Catechisms ; but a dif-
ference of opinion on measures, which, while one party regarded them as material
to the progress of true religion, the other condemned as dangerous innovations.
The history of the schism may be traced in the records which follow. These
consist of the records of the Synod of Philadelphia from the year 1717 to 1758,
including the period of the schism, and extending to the year in which it was
healed by a re-union of the parties ; and also of the Synod of New York, which
grew out of the schism, from the year 1745 to 1758. In the year 1758, the
Synods of Philadelphia and New York were united, and constituted the su-
preme judicatory of the Presbyterian Church, from that period, until the year
1789, when the General Assembly was organized.
* If the respective Presbyteries should undertake their publication, they would form
a valuable contribution to our ecclesiastical history.
(47)
PART SECOND.
THE MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA,
FROM A. D. 1717 TO 1758.
1717.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia, which began,
Sejiteniber 17th, 1717. Post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. George McNish, moderator, Jedidiah Andrews, James
Anderson, George Gillespie, Robert Wotherspoon, Malachi Jones, David
Evans, Samuel Pumry, John Bradner, Robert Orr, John Thomson, John Pier-
Bon, Jonathan Dickinson. — 13.
Polders : John Snowden, Alexander White, Elias Naudain, Peter "Watkins,
Daniel Howell, John Rodes. — 6.
For moderator of this Synod was chosen Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, and Mr. Ro-
bert Wotherspoon was chosen clerk.
There not being time for the reading of the last year's minutes this sederunt,
adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
Wednesday/, at ciyht o'cloch, sedenait ut siqwa, post preces.
]\Ir. Bradner's excuse for his absence last year was sustained.
The list of the ministers belonging to the Synod being read, it was found
that Mr. Henry and Mr. Powell are dead.
The minutes concerning Mr. Morgan being read, the whole affair relating to
that minute was referred to that Presbytery whereof he is a member.
The reasons of Mr. Conn's absence were by letter given, and sustained.
Masters Gillespie, Wotherspoon, and Evans, supplied Kent county accord-
ing to appointment, as also did Mr. Anderson.
Mr. Thomson was ordained, according to appointment ; Masters Gillespie
and Bradner absent at that time ; and their excuses on that occasion were ac-
cepted.
Mr. Pierson was ordained, according to appointment, at Woodbridge, on the
29th of April, 1717.
The brethren belonging to Long Island have done their endeavour for erect-
ing a Presbytery there, and were successful.
Some Presbyteries being defective in not bringing their Presbytery books, it
was ordered that they should have them ready against the next meeting of the
Synod.
The consideration of the minute made last year with respect to Mr. Pumry,
referred to nest sederunt.
The moderator of the last Synod being hindered from being here at the time
appointed by the last year's Synod, he was appointed to preach this day at ten
o'clock, his Synodical sermon.
Mr. Gelston was ordained at Southampton, April the 17th, 1717, by Mas
ters McNish, Philips, and Pumry, according to appointment.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
(48)
1717.] MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 49
At three o'clock, sedemnt ut supra.
Mr. McNish, the moderator of the Last Synod, preached according to ap-
pointment, on John xxi. 17.
Mr. Pumry's business further delayed.
Sustained Mr. Hampton's absence, upon the account of a necessity he lies
under to go to his native country for the recovery of his health.
Mr. John Thomson appointed to join with the Presbytery of New Castle,
till such time as there is a competent number to make up a Presbytery in his
neighbourhood.
Mr. Gelston's letter, containing some frivolous excuses for his absence, was
not sustained.
A committee for overtures, consisting of Masters McNish, Andrews, Jones,
Tliomson, and Pierson, was appointed.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
Thursday, September 19^/t, sederunt ut supra.
It being overtured to the Synod by the committee appointed for overtures,
That it is to be proposed to the several members of the Synod, to contribute
something to the raising a fund for pious uses, and that they do use their in-
terest with their friends, on proper occasions, to contribute something to the
same purpose, and that there be chosen a treasurer to keep what shall be col-
lected, and that what is or may be gathered, be disposed of according to the
discretion of the Synod; the overture was agreed upon and pursued, and
Mr. Andrews is to be treasurer for this purpose till the next Synod.
As to the aifair of Mr. Pumry, a letter from his people being presented to
the Synod by one of their number, representing their desire of Mr. Pumry's
continuance among them as their pastor, the Synod did appoint the moderator,
and Mr. Dickinson, to write to the said people, and show the letter to the
Synod the next sederunt.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock, afternoon.
At 3 o'chch, sederunt ut supra.
The Moderator and Mr. Dickinson brought in the letter for the people of
Newtown according to appointment, and it was accepted.
Mr. Robert Cross, probationer, lately come from Ireland, having presented
his testimonials, after reading thereof, the Synod did approve of the same, and
recommended him to the Presbytery of New Castle for further direction.
Adjourned till 8 o'clock to-morrow.
20<A day at 8 o' clock, sederunt ut supra.
This day a call from the Presbyterian Congregation of New York being
given in to the members of the Presbytery of New Castle, in order to be pre-
sented to Mr. James Anderson; after they had considered of the same,
together with Mr. Anderson's reasons for removal, did refer the whole affair
to the Synod.
The Synod taking into consideration the abovesaid business, ordered, that
a committee of their number be appointed to receive and audit the reasons of
the people of New Castle, if they have any to offer, against the removal of
Mr. Anderson to New York or any other place ; and that the said committee
do fully determine in that affair. Which committee is to consist of Messrs.
McNish, Gillespie, Wotherspoon, Evans, Pumry, and Thomson, and to meet
on Tuesday next, at 10 o'clock in the morning at New Castle, and that there
be a letter writ to the people of New Castle by Masters Jones, Pumry, and
Bradner, and to bring it against the next sederunt,
7
60 MINUTES OF THE [171S.
Mr. Pierson having asked liberty of the Synod to go home, it was granted
him.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock, afternoon.
At 3 o'clock post merid. post preces sederunt nt supra.
The letter that was appointed to be writ to the people of New Castle, was
read and approvcn.
The affair of Andrew Van Pyke, that was referred from the Presbytery of
Xew Castle to the Synod, came under consideration, and a considerable time
being spent in discoursing upon it, it was determined nemine contradiccntr,
that his marriage with his brother's wife or widow was incestuous and unlawful,
and their living together as the consequence of that marriage, is incestuous and
unlawful ; and that so long as they live together, they be debarred from all
sealing ordinances, and that Mr. Wotherspoon make intimation hereof to his
congregation in what time and manner he shall think convenient.
Appointed that the next Synod meet at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday
of September, 1718.
Memorandum, That this day, viz : the twenty-third of this instant, Sep-
tember, 1718, according to appointment of Synod, was weighed and delivered
into the hands of Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, treasurer for the time being, the just
sura of eighteen pounds one shilling and six pence, for which he obliges him-
self, his heirs, Executors, and Administrators, to be accountable to the Synod,
unavoidable emergencies only excepted, as witness his hand and seal, the day
and year above mentioned.
Jedidiah Andrews, [l. s.]
Test. John HAMnoN.
These are to testify, that there was an error in the summing up the money
above mentioned in the memorandum, by exceeding the sum expressed, one
pound, five shilling, and eight pence.
George McNish.
iri8.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia, which began,
September the IQth, 1718.
3Iinistcrs present : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, George McNish, John Hamp-
ton, James Anderson, Daniel McGill, George Gillespie, Malachi Jones, David
Evans, Samuel Pumry, John Braduer, Robert Orr, Hugh Conn, John Thom-
son, John Pierson, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan Dickiusou,
Henry Hook.— 18.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Samuel Davis, Geo. Philips, Joseph Lamb. — 3
Elders present: Messrs. John Suowden, John Gardner, William Williams,
Arcliibald Smith, Edmund Cropper, Alexander Bell. — G.
Three being nominated by the moderator, namely, Messrs. Malachi Jones,
Daniel McGill, and James Anderson, out of whom one to be chosen for
moderator ; Mr. Daniel McGill was chosen ; and Mr. Samuel Gelston was
chosen clerk.
Mr. Bobert Wotherspoon died about the latter end of May, 1718.
The book of the Presbytery of Philadelphia being called for, it was pre-
sented.
The book of the Presbytery of New Castle being called for by the Synod,
it was promi.sed to produce it the next sederunt.
The Presbytery book of Long-Island being called for, it was delayed to the
next sederunt.
The Synod ordered Masters Anderson and Thomson to revise the Pres-
1718.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 51
bytery book of Philadelphia, and Masters Andrews and Jones to revise the
Presbytery book of New Castle.
This Synod being further informed of Mr. Gelston's absence last year, do
accept his reasons.
The affair concerning the fund, referred to the next sederunt.
The committee reported the case concerning Mr. Anderson, viz : that tbey
transported him from New Castle to New York, having had power lodged in
them by the Synod to determine that affair.
Mr. James Anderson reported to the Synod, that Mr. Wotherspoon had in
due time observed the order of the Synod concerning Andrew Van Dyke's in-
cestuous marriage with his brother's wife.
Mr. Andrews preached from 1 Cor. iii. 11, on the third Tuesday of 7br.
1718, at the opening of the Synod.
The Synod ordered that a committee of bills and overtures, should be ap-
pointed to meet before the next sederunt of the Synod, and that they consider
what matters have been orderly proceeded on, and what are suitable to be by
them transmitted to the Synod. The Synod also ordering, that in any case of
difficulty coming before the committee, they shall take the advice of the Synod.
The Synod also appoints the reverend brethren, Masters Andrews, Hampton,
Anderson, Gillespie, and the Moderator, to be members of the said committee,
and that the committee meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning, and the Synod
at 3 o'clock in the afternoon.
The Synod concluded with prayer and adjourned till 3 o'clock, post merid.
to-morrow.
Ylth day at 3 oWoch^ sederunt ut supra.
The Presbytery's book of New Castle was produced according to promise.
The Presbytery's book of Long-Island being called for, it was delayed.
The affair concerning the fund, referred till the next sederunt.
Mr. William Tenncnt's affair being transmitted by the committee to the
Synod, was by them fully considered, being well satisfied with his credentials,
and the testimony of some brethren here present, as also they were satisfied
with the material reasons which he offered concerning his dissenting from the
established Church in Ireland; being put to a vote of the Synod, it was carried
in the affirmative to admit him as a member of the Synod. Ordered, that his
reasons be inserted in the Synod book ad futuram rei memoriam. The Synod
also ordered that the moderator should give him a serious exhortation to con-
tinue steadfast in his now holy profession, which was done.
The reasons of Mr. William Tennent for his dissenting from the established
Church in Ireland, delivered by him to the Reverend Synod, held at Philadel-
phia, the 17th day of September, 1718.
Imprimis. Their government by Bishops, Arch-Bishops, Deacons, Arch-
Deacons, Canons, Chapters, Chancellors, Vicars, wholly anti-scriptural.
2. Their discipline by Surrogates, and Chancellors in their Courts Ecclesi-
astic, without a foundation in the word of God.
3. Their abuse of that supposed discipline by commutation.
4. A Diocesan Bishop cannot be founded jure divino upon those Epistles to
Timothy or Titus, nor anywhere else in the word of God, and so is a mere hu-
man invention.
5. The usurped power of the Bishops at their yearly visitations, acting all
of themselves, without consent of the brethren.
6. Pluralities of benefices.
Lastly. The Churches conniving at the practice of Arminian doctrines in-
consistent with the eternal purpose of God, and an encouragement of vice. Be-
sides I could not be satisfied with their ceremonial way of woi'ship. These, &c
52 MINUTES OF THE [1718.
have so affected my conscience, that I could no longer abide in a church where
the same are practised. Signed by
"William Tennent.
Mr. Samuel Young, minister of the gospel, presenting his credentials from the
Presbytery of Armagh, met at Donaghmore, in the county of Down, in the
kingdom of Ireland, to this Synod ; they were cordially approved, and he ad-
mitted a member nemine contradicente.
The Synod adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning, and appointed the
committee to meet at eight, and then concluded with prayer.
V^th day at 10 o'clock, sederunt tit supra.
]Mr. Pumry's absence was excused.
The Presbytery's book of Long-Island being called for, they produced their
minutes. I
Masters Pierson and Bradner appointed to revise the Presbytery's minutes
of Long-Island.
Masters Jones and Bradner's absence excused.
Mr. McNish his absence excused.
Mr. Gillespie reported that he recommended to his congregation to contribute
to the public fund, and that he received subscriptions for six pounds, odd money
to be paid against next Synod.
The Synod having considered the business of the public fund, did recommend
it to the several ministers, to use the methods that according to their discretion,
should seem best to answer the pious intention of it, and to apply their utmost
diligence therein.
Mr. Jedidiah Andrews continued treasurer of the fund till next Synod.
And it is further ordered by the Synod, that the treasurer for the time being
have a book, wherein the Synod shall have credit for the several sums he shall
receive, and be charged debtor for what disbursements shall be made by the
appointment of the Synod, and that some of their number whom they shall
think fit to appoint, shall examine the said book yearly, and transmit the
balance into the Synod book, which shall be subscribed and sealed to by the
said treasurer, for which he, his heirs, executors, and administrators, shall be
accountable to the Synod, excepting in case of unavoidable emergencies only ;
and that a copy of the treasurer's obligation, signed and sealed by him, be de-
livered to some person whom the Synod shall appoint.
The committee met as appointed.
The Synod adjourned till three o'clock precisely, and concluded with
prayer.
At 3 o'clock post nierid. sedermtt nt supra.
The business concerning the fund referred till to-morrow morning j and that
a collection be made then by those that shall be ready.
Masters Dickinson and Young appointed to write a letter to Mr. Boyse, min-
ister in Dublin, to be communicated to the Presbytery there.
Masters Hampton, McNish, and Anderson, appninted to write a letter to the
ministers of Jjondon, as also another letter to Mr. Stirling, principal of the
University of Glasgow, and another letter to the Synod of Glasgow.
Masters John Clement and William Stewart, probationers, presented their
credentials from Britain to the Synod, which were considered and approved.
As also a call from Pocomoke, being presented by them to Mr. John Cle-
ment, and another was presented from Monokin and Wicomico, to jMr. Wil-
liam Stewart, both of which were approven by the Synod, and their ordina-
tion appointed to be according to the usual methods, and performed by Masters
1718.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 63
Samuel Davis, Hampton, and Thomson, and such of the Presbytery of New
Castle as they shall think fit to call to their assistance, when those people and
they are agreed about their settlement in the above said places.
The Rev. Mr. John Hampton, having petitioned this Synod for a dismission
from his pastoral relation to the people of Snowhill, they considering that the
said Mr. Hampton was not able to perform the office of a pastor to that people
without apparent hazard of his life through bodily indisposition ; the Synod,
upon mature deliberation, having put the matter to vote, it was carried nemine
contnulicente, to accept of his demission, and to declare his congregation vacant,
to the great regret of the Synod.
The Synod adjourned till 10 o'clock, to-morrow morning, and concluded with
prayer.
\%th day at 10 o'clock, post preces sederunt ut supra.
The letter writ by Masters Young and Dickinson was produced, read, and
approved.*
A collection was made for the fund by the Synod, according to appointment.
Mr. Dickinson delivered one pound twelve shillings from his congregation of
Elizabeth-town, for the fund.
Overtured, whether a sum out of the fund, not exceeding three pounds, be
referred to three persons nominated by the Synod, to be disposed of according
to their discretion, suitable to the design of the fund, and that this shall be no
precedent for the future.
The said overture concerning the fund being voted, was carried in the affirm-
ative ; and Masters Jones, Andrews, and McNish, were appointed by the Synod
for that particular.
Synod adjourned till 4 o'clock, post merid.
* A Letter from the Synod to the Rev. John Boyse, minister in Dublin, to be communi-
cated to the Presbytery there.
Philadelphia, September llih, 1718.
Reverend Brethren : — It may be presumed that you are not -wholly strangers to the
circumstances of these parts ; how many poor souls are scattered to and fro in this wil-
derness, under awful danger of perishing for lack of vision. And it must needs be a
matter of great satisfaction to you, to be informed of the earnest breathings of many
small and poor places among us, after the most precious privileges of gospel ordinances,
and of the late addresses of sundry of them to us for supply.
But, sirs, the paucity and poverty of these people render them utterly incapable to sup-
port the ministry among them, could they obtain it ; and there lies, therefore, upon them
a deplorable necessity of still continuing in the same circumstances of darkness that they
are now in, which may render both themselves and posterity miserable Pagans, unless
some methods can be found out for their speedy assistance in the maintaining of such
ministers as we would direct them to, which is what we are at present altogether unable
to compass. And yet in faithfulness to our great Lord, and the souls of these poor peo-
ple, we dare not but use our utmost essays, to strengthen their hands in this day of
small things, lest this spark, which is but newly kindled, may be utterly extinguished,
which gives occasion for this address unto you for your charitable assistance in so mo-
mentous an atfair.
AVe have heard of the liberality of many gentlemen and others of our persuasion with
you, on such like occasions, and dare not, therefore, doubt of their cheerful compliance
with this our request, when you have communicated these circumstances to them.
Thus earnestly petitioning your endeavours for the relief of these poor people, and
your answer to this address, we conclude with recommending you and your religious
concerns, to the guidance and blessing of our common Lord. Signed in the name and
by the appointment of the Synod, &c.
Be pleased to direct yours to the Rev. Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, minister, at Philadel-
phia.— ^Letter Book.'\
54 MINUTES OF THE [1718.
The Synod met at four o'clock, and adjourned till eight o'clock, to-morrow
morning.
20th day at 8 o'docJc, sederunt, &c.
The letter to the ministers of London was read and approved.
Referred the supplying the several vacancies, to the several Presbyteries to
which they belong.
The Synod recommended it to Masters Young and Tennent to apply them-
selves to what Presbytery within the bounds of the Synod they should think
convenient.
The Presbytery's book of Philadelphia, was revised and approved by the
Synod.
Adjourned till 5 o'clock, jyost merid.
Met at five o'clock and adjourned to eight o'clock, 22d day.
22c/ day at 8 o'clock, post j^reces sederunt v.t supra.
The Synod ordered that the Presbytery of Long-Island do revise their min-
utes, and transcribe them into an orderly book against the next Synod.
The Synod ordered that the Presbytery of New Castle do revise their min-
utes, and transcribe them into an orderly book against the next Synod.
The Synod refers the writing of the letters to Principal Sterling and the
Synod of Glasgow, to the discretion of Mr. McNish, Uampton, and Ander-
son.
The Synod being informed, that there is a probability of Mr. McNish his
• To the much honoured and very reverend Dissenting Ministers at London.
The representation of their unworthy brethren, met at Philadelphia, September the
16th, 1718.
1. They represent, that though it has pleased God to afflict them much, by a removal
of several of their number who were useful, yet it has also pleased the same gracious
God, daily, rather to increase than decrease their number, by a continual supply of more
than has been taken away, which to them is some comfortable evidence, that God has
some good work to do in these parts of the world.
2. That there are now in number twenty-three ordained ministers and three probation-
ers, who all have agreed to iinite their endeavours annually at Philadelphia, fur spreading
and propagating tlic gospel of Christ in these dark parts of the world, viz : in the pro-
vinces of New York, the .Jerseys, Pennsylvania and the territories, Maryland and Vir-
ginia. In all which, excepting the last, some of the aforesaid ministers do reside.
3. That all these minit^ters and probationers, aforesaid, are already either settled, or
have prospect of settlement.
4. That notwithstanding there are still many vacancies, who either cry to us for help,
or their desolate condition and the seeming good disposition of some among tliem, give
us ground to hope, that if they could be provided with able and faithful ministers, the
happy effect of it would soon appear.
5. That most of these places yet to be planted with a gospel ministry, are incapable at
present of sufficiently supporting ministers among them, and therefore crave help of all
well-disposed Christians every where, especially, if possibly it can be, of the city of
London.
6. That we ourselves have begun a small fund for this and other religious purposes
among us, but alas ! it is yet so small that little or nothing can be done by it.
7. That there is nothing we desire more than the honour and comfort of a yearly cor-
respondence with you, our very reverend and dear brethren, whom we so much esteem
in the Lord, if it were but to have your countenance, concurrence, and advice, in the
great and common work of our Lord and his kingdom.
Lastly, These things we have presumed in great humility to lay before you, hoping
they may have some good effect to the glory of God, good of his Church, your sati^-fac-
tion, and our comforts and refreshments, which, that they may prove so, is the earnest
prayer of, honourable and reverend sirs, yours in the Lord. — {^Letter Book.}
1719.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 55
going to Britain upon some important business, and considering that he may
do some service to the common interest of religion in these parts of the world ;
that he may the better succeed in his endeavours to serve that design, the
Synod thinks fit that he be enabled by the Synod, with proper recommenda-
tions from them. The Synod, therefore, for his encouraging in so good a
design and undertaking, do appoint for a committee of the Synod, Masters
Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Dickinson, and Pierson, with as many others as
can attend to meet at AVoodbridge, at such a time as the above said Mr. McNish
shall appoint, he giving the said members a month's notice, giving them full
power to concert all such proper methods and ways, to enable Mr. McNish to
undertake and act for us and in our name, and to the general good of religion
as they shall judge fitting. It is also appointed that the said committee do
furnish the said Mr. McNish with proper credentials and all such instructions
as they shall think fit for answering the end abovesaid.
The Synod appoints the management of the funds as directed by a preceding
minute to Masters Jones, Hampton, and McNish, and to make report to the
next Synod.
The Synod adjourned till the third Wednesday of September, at 10 o'clock,
ante merid. 1719.
1719.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia, which met
September the IQth, 1719, being the third Wednesday of the month.
The Synod was opened by a sermon preached by Mr. Daniel McGill, on
Heb. ii. 1.
Post preces the roll was called.
Ministers present: Messrs. Daniel McGill, Jedidiah Andrews, George Gil-
lespie, David Evans, John Bradner, Robert Orr, Hugh Conn, John Thom-
son, Robert Cross.
Elders : Messrs. Thomas Wallice, Thomas Gordon, Andrew Wallice, James
Stoddert, John Snowden, Dr. John Nicols.
Ministers absent : Messrs. George McNish, John Hampton, Malachi Jones,
Samuel Pumry, John Pierson, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan
Dickinson, Henry Hook, Samuel Young, William Tennent, John Clement,
William Stewart, Samuel Davis, George Philips, Joseph Lamb, James
Anderson.
Mr. Andrews was chosen clerk.
Two being nominated by the moderator, namely. Masters John Thomson,
and George Gillespie, out of whom one to be chosen moderator, Mr. Thomson
was chosen.
The minutes of the last Synod ordered to be read over.
The appointment of the Synod with respect to the ordination of Masters
John Clement, and William Stewart, was complied with, they being solemnly
set apart to the work of the ministry, by the Rev. Masters Samuel Davis,
John Hampton, and John Thomson, at Rehoboth, in Somerset county, in
Maryland, upon day of June, 1719.
Ordered, That an inquiry be made about the letters sent to Britain and
Ireland the last year, when the Synod shall be more full.
The whole affair concerning the Presbyteries' books referred till after-
wards.
The affair concerning the fund deferred till afterwards.
The business with respect to Mr. McNish his going to Britain, mentioned
in the last year's minutes, was dropt.
The moderator, Masters Andrews, McGill, and Gillespie, appointed for a
committee for bills and overtures.
56 MINUTES OF THE [1719.
The committee to meet to-morrow, ante meridiem, at eight o'clock.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow, ante meridiem.
17 day at ten o^cloch, j^ost preces, sederunt, &c.
Masters McNish, Anderson, and Gelston, gave satisfactory reasons to the
Synod for their not attending before this session.
Mr. Hampton signified his inability to attend, by letter.
Mr. Jones is dangerously sick. Mr. Pierson sick, as likewise Masters
Young, Clement, and Hook. Mr. Dickinson necessarily detained by his
brother's sickness.
Mr. McNish and Mr. Anderson did write to the Synod of Glasgow, and to
the Principal of the college there, as appointed.
The Presbytery books ordered to be brought in next sederunt.
The Synod ordered that a committee should be chosen to inquire and in-
spect into the aflfair of the fund, and receive what money shall be brought in
now, and consider of some proper methods of disposing of it to the best advan-
tage for answering its end.
The Synod ordered that the moderator. Masters McNish, Anderson, Stod-
dert, Conn, Bradner, and Andrews, be the members of the said committee.
Whereas there was a petition from the Presbyterian congregation of New
York presented to the Synod, it was ordered that that petition should be deli-
berated upon by the above committee, and their sentiments transmitted to the
Synod.
Ordered, That the above committee relating to the fund, do meet at five
o'clock in the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post meridiem.
At three o^ clock post meridiem, post preces, sederunt ut supra.
The book of the Presbytery of Philadelphia was not produced by reason of
Mr. Dickinson's absence.
Masters Orr and Cross appointed to revise the Presbytery's book of Long
Island.
Masters McNish and Anderson appointed to revise the Presbytery's book
of New Castle.
The papers of the Presbytery of New Castle relating to the appeal of Abra-
ham Emmitt, and his two sons, voted to be read.
The Synod having heard all the papers with respect to Mr. Emmitt's ap-
peal, deferred the full consideration thereof till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till seven o'clock precisely, to-morrow morning.
18 da jj, post preces, sederunt nt supra, at seven o'clock.
It was overtured to the Synod by the committee appointed to consider of
the fund, that a tenth part of the neat produce of the Glasgow collection be
given to the Presbyterian congregation of New York towards the support of
the gospel among them, and that a letter be sent to them from the Synod re-
lating to their circumstances; which overture was approved by the Synod, and
the moderator and Mr. Cross were appointed to write said letter, which letter
is to be brought into the Synod for approbation.
The business of Mr. Emmitt, and of his sons' appeal from the judgment
of the I'resbytery of New Castle came again before us, and it was judged,
ncmine contradlcente, that the appeal was groundless. And the Synod docs
hereby approve of the whole proceedings of the Presbytery of New Castle
in reference to that whole aflfair. And further, if in any thing the said Pres-
bytery have failed as to their judgment in this afli'air, it is in too much lenity
towards the appellants.
1719.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 57
2. That our Rev. Brother, Mr. Gillespie, is falsely and groundlessly charged
by the appellants, when they allege of him an insufficiency as to ministerial
abilities, and the grounds which the said appellants found their charge upon
are altogether inconclusive and false.
And further, it is Ordered, that the said appellants be discharged from the
participation of the sealing ordinances of Christ, until they give satisfaction to
the minister and session of their now present congregation for their offensive
carriage.
Adjourned till three o'clock, i^ost meridiem.
Post Meridiem, sederunt ut supra.
It being overtured by the committee concerning the fund, that such a num-
ber of persons as the Synod thinks fit to be nominated, shall be empowered to
receive the collection of the Synod of Glasgow and Air, if it arrives safe in
goods, and put them into the hands of some substantial persons, to be sold to
the best advantage for money, and to account with said persons for the sale
thereof, and receive the neat produce for the use of the fund ; and likewise,
after receipt thereof, to let the same to use upon good security, after paying to
New York congregation what is allowed to them. This overture was approved
of by the Synod. And the Synod appoints that if the said goods arrive at
New Y^ork, that Masters McNish, Anderson, and Tennent, or any two of them;
or in case the said goods arrive at Philadelphia, that then Masters Andrews,
Jones, and Cross, or any two of them, have power to dispose of said goods as
abovesaid. And that the two parties abovesaid, or a majority of them, concert
together about the letting out the money received for said goods to interest, for
which they shall be accountable to the Synod.
Being further overtured by the committee that a letter be writ, (a copy of
which to be given to every minister belonging to this Synod,) recommending a
yearly collection to be gathered in every particular congregation for pious uses,
to be sent yearly to the Synod by their minister or elder, it was approved. And
Mr. Andrews is appointed to write the said letter, and to bring it into the
Synod for approbation.
Mr. McNish added to the committee for bills and overtures.
^ The committee for bills and overtures appointed to meet to-morrow at eight
o'clock, ante meridiem.
Mr. Pumry's letter of excuse for his absence was read, and his excuse sus-
tained.
Masters McNish, Anderson, and Gillespie, appointed to preach here next
Sabbath day.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
19 day. Postpreces sederunt ut siqyra.
There was a letter sent to the Synod from the people of Patuxent, which the
committee does overture may be considered by the Presbytery of New Castle
and correspondents, and it was approved.
Overtured that Mr. McGill and Mr. Orr have synodical testimonials, they
having at present no particular pastoral charges, and being uncertain how and
where Providence may dispose of them ; it was granted them, and Mr. Andrews
is appointed to write said testimonials, and to bring them in for the approbation
of the Synod.
The Synod appoints the committee for bills and overtures to write a letter to
the people of Snow-hill, in answer to theirs to the Synod.
_ The Synod having received a letter from the people of Patomoke, in Vir-
ginia, requesting the Synod's care and diligence to provide them an able gospel
minister to settle among them, it was appointed that the Rev. Mr. Daniel Mc-
58 MINUTES OF THE [1719.
Gill should go and preach to that people in order to settlement upon mutual
agreement, and that a letter be writ to said people by Masters Conn and Cross,
and by them be brought into the Synod for approbation.
The committee for the fund appointed to meet at eight o'clock, ante meri-
diem, on ^londay next.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, ante meridiem, on Monday next.
21 dat/. Accordinr/ to appointment, post 2'>'>'cccs, sederunt ut supra.
The letter to be sent to the several congregations was brought in by Mr.
Andrews, and approved.*
Ordered, That an authentic copy of said letter be given to every Presbytery
of the Synod, signed by the moderator and clerk.
Overtured by the committee for the fund that the widow of the Rev. Mr.
John Wilson is considered as a person worthy of the regard of this Synod, as
to her present circumstances, and it is proposed that four pounds be now given
her out of the present fund, and that a discretionary power be lodged with Mr.
Andrews, if he sees necessity requires, to give her some further supply out of
the said fund, between this and the next Synod, not exceeding three pouuds,
and it was approved.
It is appointed by the Synod, that the money that is now in bank, be en-
trusted to the trustees of the Glasgow collection afore mentioned, that they or
three of them shall have power to let out to interest said money, and that those
that let out said money shall be accountable to the next Synod.
The committee for bills and overtures, appointed to meet half an hour after
3 o'clock, in the evening.
Adjourned till 4 o'clock, post merid.
Post merid. according to appointment, p)ost preces sederunt xit supra.
There was brought into the fund during the sitting of this Synod, from several
* The letter of the Synod now sitting at Philadelphia, to the several congregations within
the bounds of the Synod.
September 22, 1719.
Christian Friends : — Whereas Divine Providence, which is the Disposer of the lot of
all men, has planted us in these parts of the world, and in sucli a station wherein we are
obliged, in an eminent manner, to study the everlasting welfare of the souls of men.
And whereas, to our great grief and exercise, we see many smaller places of lesser ability
to maintain and support the interest of Christ among them, by the ordinary means of
salvation, and yet desirous thereof, languishing in darkness and blindness, and in groat
danger of utter ruin for lack of vision ; casting in our minds how to gel these miser!il)le
people relieved, could think upon no other way than by using our utmost interest and
endeavour to have such a fund or stock of money raised as may be of some use to help
those distressed places and people. In pursuance of which design we have addressed
our friends iu Britain and Ireland not altogether without success.
And forasmuch as it seems to us unreasonable and unjustifiable to apply to other
places in this atl'air, and ourselves, who are more immediately concerned, to hoUi our
hands, we determined to request the charity of our respective congregations in the pre-
mises, that they would yearly make a collection for the carrying on of the said noble and
pious design of plauting and spreading the everlasting gospel in these provinces.
As fur arguments to enforce this our proposal, the thing itself is of such consequence
and importance, and withal so needful, that we need not, we hope, use any other, only
the consideration of a blessing entailed, in this and the other world, by God's gracious
promises, on all such as do cheerfully exert themselves for the glory of God and the
good of souls, together witli the honourable examples that are frequently set us by the
good people of our own nation both at home and abroad. So reconuuending you to the
counsel and blessing of the Author and llewarder of all good works, we subscribe our-
selves yours in the truest bonds of Christian affections. — \_Lener Jioo/c]
1720.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 59
persous, the sum of twenty-oue pounds, seven shillings and ten pence ; be-
sides a bill of exchange of fourteen pounds, five shillings sterling money, from
Mr. Hampton, together with sixteen pouuds, fifteen shillings, Pennsylvania
money, that was before in the hands of Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, the treasurer
of the fund.
Adjourned till eight o'clock, to-morrow morning.
22d day, according to aj)J>ointment, jMst preces sederunt ut supra.
The letter to the Presbyterian congregation, New York, was brought in and
approved.
The Presbytery book of New Castle, was revised and approved by the Synod,
unto the end of sessio septlma in page nineteen, as is to be seen in the margin
of said book in the above said page nineteen.
Ordered, That i\s£ Presbytery of Long-Island get a new well ordered book
against the nest Synod, and that they leave marginal room for Synodical
amendments.
Mr. McNish reported, that of the sum not exceeding three pounds, for the
disposing of which Masters McNish, Jones, and Andrews, had a discretionary
power lodged in them, there was only one pound ten shillings disposed of.
The letter to the people of Potomoke, in Virginia, was brought in and ap-
proved of.
Letters testimonial were given to Mr. Daniel McGrill and Mr. Robert Orr,
according to appointment, a copy of which is ordered to be kept in retentis.
The minutes for the Synod's this year's meeting, were read and approved.
Appointed that the meeting of the next Synod be the third Wednesday of
September next, at Philadelphia.
1730.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
Septemlter 22, 1720. Post preces, the roll icas called.
Ministers present : Messrs. Daniel McGill, Jedidiah Andrews, George Gil-
lespie, George McNish, David Evans, John Bradner, Robert Cross, Malachi
Jones, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan Dickinson, Henry Hook, Samuel Young,
William Stewart, John Clement, James Anderson, Joseph Webb, John
Orme.
Elders present : Messrs. John Nicols, Caleb Ward, Benjamin Armitage,
Archibald Edmundson, Alexander White, James Abraham, Thomas January,
Christophel Van Sandt, Jonathan Smith, John Colwell, Isaac Piper, Daniel
Smith.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Hugh Conn, John Thomson, John Hampton,
Samuel Purary, John Pierson, Samuel Gelston, William Tennent, Samuel
Davis, George Philips, Joseph Lamb.
Mr. Malachi Jones, chosen moderator, and Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, clerk.
According to last year's appointment, the Synod should have met yesterday,
but were hindered by bad weather.
Mr. John Thomson, who was moderator last year, was absent by reason of
sickness, for which cause the Synodical sermon was not preached.
Mr. John Pierson sent the reason of his absence by letter, which was sus-
tained. Mr. Hugh Conn and Mr. William Tennent, sent the reasons of their
absence by letter, which were sustained.
The minutes of last year ordered to be read.
The Moderator, Masters Andrews, McGill, Young, Anderson, and Dickin-
son, appointed for a committee for bills and overtures.
60 MINUTES OF THE [1720.
Mr. Hampton absent by reason of sickness.
The Presbytery books ordered to be brought in next sederunt.
The whole afl'air respecting the fund continued.
a\Ir. 3Iorgan appointed to preach to-morrow, at eleven o'clock.
Masters (lillespie, Dickinson, and Stewart, appointed to preach here next
Lord's day.
Mr. McGill reported to the Synod, that according to last year's appointment,
he went to Potomoke, in Virginia, and after some months' continuance there,
put the people into church order.
The said Congregation of Potomoke, in Virginia, have sent a letter to the
Synod, manifesting their hearty approbation of Mr. McGill's whole conduct
among them, and desiring his settling with them as their minister.
The affair of Potomoke deferred till afterwards.
An inquiry with respect to what the respective ministers have done about the
annual collections, delayed. *
Mr. John Orme presented to the Synod his testimonials relating to his
ordination to and qualifications for the gospel ministry, which the Synod
was satisfied with ; and upon his desire, he was received a member of the
Synod.
The committee for bills and overtures, appointed to meet half an hour after
two o'clock, this afternoon.
Adjourned till four o'clock, post merid.
Half an hour after 4 o'dock, P. M. post preccs sederunt ut svpra.
IMasters Gillespie and Evans, appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia.
Masters Morgan and Hook, appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
New Castle.
Masters Bradner and Stewart, appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
Long-Island.
Ordered, That the committee for bills and overtures, do bring in an overture
for the better settling our Presbyteries.
The affair respecting the fund further continued.
The affair of Potomoke further continued.
The affair of collections further delayed.
An address from the people of Gloucester and Pilesgrove, supplicating the
advice and assistance of the Synod, for the settling of the gospel among them,
and in particular with relation to Mr. James Morehead, that has lately preached
among them, was read and considered.
And the said Mr. Morehead, offering himself to be admitted a member of the
Synod, and producing his certificates, which being viewed and deliberated upon
by the Synod, were unanimously voted not valid ; and mure especially a writing
produced by him as a testimonial of his ordination. This, together with other
reasons, viz : his irregular and factious carriage in his own country, (as ap-
peared by his own confession, and the personal knowledge of several members
of this Synod,) together with his scandalous and disorderly behaviour since he
came into America, (as manifestly appeared,) has caused the Synod to refuse
him admittance into their number, and to lay a charge upon all their members
to give him no encouragement as a minister, but to advertise all as they have
opportunity, and occasion to beware of him.
Ordered, That an extract of this minute, with relation to Mr. Morehead,
signed by the clerk, be given to every Presbytery belonging to this Synod.
Adjourned till to-morrow, at eight o'clock.
1720.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 61
23(? day at eight o' clock, post preces sederunt ut supra.
The affair respecting the fund further continued.
Ordered, That the affair of Potomoke, be considered by the committee for
bills and overtures.
The affair of collections further delayed.
The letter from Gloucester and Pilesgrove being reviewed, it was ordered
that Mr. jNIorgan preach at Gloucester next Lord's day, and he carry with
him an extract of the minutes of the Synod with relation to Mr. Morehead,
and read it to that congregation.
Mr. Hook ordered to preach at Pilesgrove the next Lord's day come s'en-
night, and carry with him an extract of the minutes of this Synod with rela-
tion to Mr. Morehead, and read it to the congregation.
Mr. Andrews appointed to write a letter to the people of Gloucester and
Pilesgrove, in answer to theirs, and bring it in to-morrow morning.
What further concerns the people of Gloucester and Pilesgrove, referred to
the Presbytery of Philadelphia.
A letter from Mr. Pumry, by way of excuse for his absence being read, was
not sustained. Mr. McNish appointed to tell him so.
The committee for bills and overtures, appointed to meet at three o'clock,
afternoon.
Adjourned till half an hour after three o'clock, Post meridiem.
Half an hour after three o'clock, P. 31. post preces sederunt qui sxipra.
Ordered, That the committee for bills and overtures, together with Mr.
McNish and Mr. Bradner added to them, be a committee about the affair of
the fund.
Ordered, That every minister of this Synod do their diligence to obtain what
collection they can from their respective congregations toward the fund, as was
appointed last Synod.
The affair of Mr. Clement came into consideration and is continued.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
24 day, at 8 d' clock, post preces, sederunt ut supra.
The papers sent to the Synod by some elders of the church at Kehoboth,
by way of complaint against Mr. Clement, their minister, were delivered to
said Mr. Clement, to be perused, and answered in writing the next Monday,
at ten o'clock, ante meridiem.
A letter from James Mitchell read, and the consideration of it delayed
The supplication of Abraham Emmitt being read, is deferred till the next
sederunt.
An address from some people in and about Birmingham, upon Brandywine,
read in the Synod, and is continued.
The letter to Gloucester and Pilesgrove read and approved.
Adjourned till Monday morning, at ten o'clock.
26 day, ten o' clock post preces, sederunt ut supra.
The affair of Mr. Clement delayed.
The consideration of James Mitchell's letter further delayed. \
The supplication of Abraham Emmitt delayed.
The address from Birmingham delayed.
The affair of New York coming under consideration, was deferred till
afternoon.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M.
62 MINUTES OF THE [1720.
P. M. four o'clock, jxmt prcces, sederunt xit snjyra.
After a full bearing and long reasoning upon the case represented by
Messrs. Livingston and Smith, touching Mr. Anderson's settling at New
York; the question was put whether the proceedings of the Presbytery of
Long Island, in the settling Mr. Anderson at New York, were regular? And
it was carried in the affirmative by a great majority.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews and Mr. Dickinson write a letter to Messri?.
Livingston and Smith, &c.
The sentiments of the Synod concerning two sermons read before them,
preached at New York by Mr. Anderson, and complained of by Messrs. Liv-
ingston and Smith, is, that they could wish that they had been delivered in
softer and milder terms in some passages, though the Synod approves of the
substance of the sermons as orthodox and godly.
Ordered, That the moderator, Mr. Gillespie, and Mr. Evans, write a letter
to the Presbyterian congregation at New York, and bring it into the Synod.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
27 clai/, ten o' clock, post preces, sederunt ttt supra.
The letter to Messrs. Livingston and Smith, &c. read and approved.
Mr. Clement brought his answer in writing to the papers sent to the Synod
from Rehoboth, which being considered, was further delayed.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M.
Four o'clock, P. M. Postpreces scda-unt ut supra.
Overtured, That a committee be sent to Rehoboth, with full power from
the Synod to act in their names, and by their authority, in the affair between
Mr. Clement and that people, and that ^Ir. Clement be suspended from the
exercise of his ministry, until the determination of that committee. This
overture was carried by vote in the affirmative, neinlne contradicente.
Ordered, That Masters 3IcNish, McGill, Thomson, Stewart, Gillespie, and
Hook, or any three of them, be a committee for said purpose, and to meet at
said place the fourth Friday of October next.
Ordered, That each of the mentioned ministers carry an elder with him if
he can.
Ordered, That an extract of this minute be given to said committee.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock.
28</i day. Nine o'clock. Postpreces, sederunt ut supra.
The Synod having received letters from Snowhill, by way of complaint
against Mr. Samuel Davis, have appointed Masters McNish, McGill, Hamp-
ton, Thomson, Stewart, Gillespie, and Hook, or any three of them, to be a
committee to go to Snowhill, with full power to hear, examine, and deter-
mine about the complaints made, or to be made, against the said Mr. Davis.
Which affair is to be determined by said committee, before the committee ap-
pointed in the business of 3Ir. Clement return home.
Upon a motion of an iuterloquitur of the ministers of the Synod, by ]Mr.
McNish, Ordered, That the ministers meet, pursuant to said motion, at three
o'clock, P. 3L
The consideration of James Mitchell's letter further delayed.
Adjourned till six o'clock, P. M.
29/7<. day, at nine o'clock, A. M. Punt ptreces, sederunt ut sujn-a.
The Synod being necessarily hindered from sitting at the time appointed,
have deferred their meeting until now.
The interloquitur of the ministers of the Synod was held according to ap-
1720.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 63
pointment. Another interloquitur appointed to be held at three o'clock, post
meridiem.
The Synod being addressed by letters from Abraham Emmitt, senior, Abra-
-ham Emmitt, junior, and Josias Emmitt, petitioning their reconsideration of
the case between Mr. Grillespie and them ; the Synod, upon serious considera-
tion, find reason to confirm their former sentence, any reasons now oftered to the
contrary by said Emmitts notwithstanding. And it is ordered by the Synod,
that the said Emmitts be still discharged from the participation of sealing ordi-
nances until they give this following satisfaction, viz. that they own their fault
before the session, in uttering defamatory speeches against the ministerial
abilities of Mr. George Gillespie, and shall manifest their sorrow for having
done so.
There being an overture brought from the committee for bills and overtures
that ten pounds out of the fund be given for the encouragement and support
of such ministers as shall preach to the people of Gloucester and Pilesgrove,
to be disposed of at the discretion of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, or any
two of them, it was agreed to by the Synod.
Ordered, That Mr. McGill and Mr. Young write a letter to the Synod of
Glasgow and Ayr, and another to Mr. Stirling, principal of the college of Glas-
gow, in answer to theirs, representing the hearty thauks of this Synod for their
kindness to the interest of religion in these wilderness parts.
Ordered, That the letter two years ago by this Synod to the ministers of Lon-
don, be transcribed and directed severally to Dr. Calamy, Mr. John Nesbitt,
aud Mr. James Anderson, with a short postscript to each.
Adjourned till four o'clock, j)ost meridiem.
Four o'clock, P. M. Post preces, sederunt ut supra.
The interloquitur of the ministers of the Synod was held according to ap-
pointment, with relation to an affair respecting Mr. llobert Cross, referred to
the Synod by the Presbytery of New Castle.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, eight o'clock.
30;/i day. Post preces, sederunt ut supra, at eight o'clock.
The affair of Mr. Kobert Cross transmitted from the interloquitur of the
Synod, came into consideration before the Synod, wherein the charges of for-
nication laid against him, with its aggravations, were fully heard and consid-
ered with great deliberation, and also charged upon him by the moderator, in
the face of the Synod, and before several other discreet persons who were
desired to be present. And the said Mr. Robert Cross did, with great seri-
ousness, humility, and signs of true repentance, confess the charge laid against
him, and in all respects did so behave himself as was universally satisfactory
to the Synod, and the other persons present.
Overtured, That Mr. Cross be suspended by act of the Synod four Sabbaths,
and at the expiration of said time he have liberty again to preach the gospel.
And that at the desire of the congregation of New Castle, or their re-
presentatives in their name, he may be again restored to the exercise of his
ministry in that place, by a committee of the Synod, and that the said com-
mittee meet at said place at least three days before the expiration of the said
time.
This overture was agreed to by the Synod.
Ordered, That Mr. Jones, Mr. Andrews, Mr. Young, Mr. McGill, Mr
Evans, or any three of them, be the said committee.
Ordered, That Mr. McGill preach the second, Mr. Young the third, Mr
Hook the fourth Sabbath in next month, at New Castle.
Adjourned till four o'clock, post meridiem.
64 MINUTES OF THE [1721.
Four o'clock, P. M. Post jircces, scdenint ut supra.
Mr. McGill appointed to preach at Kent county, and to the people at Bir-
mingham, on Brandywine, or to either or both of them as he in Christian pru-
dence shall find occasion.
The letter to the congregation at New York was read and approved.
Overtured, That a commission of the Synod bo appointed to act in the name,
and with the whole authority of the Synod, in all affairs that shall come before
them, and particularly that the whole of the fund be left to their conduct, and
that they be accountable to the Synod; which overture was approved by the
Synod.
Masters Jones, Andrews, McNish, Anderson, Dickinson, and Lvans, ap-
pointed for said commission, any three whereof to be a quorum.
The ]^-esbytery books were each of them, according to appointment, revised
and approved by the Synod. j -n i.
The business concerning the regulation of Presbyteries, deferred till the next
Synod.
The letters to Glasgow read and approved.
Mr. Gillespie entered his protest and dissent against the procedure of the
Synod with respect to the affair of Robert Cross.
The Synod adjourned until the third Wednesday of September next, then to
meet at Philadelphia.*
1721.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
Scptcrnhcr 20tJi, 1721. Posi 2yrcces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Daniel McGill, Jedidiah Andrews, George Gillespie,
George McNish, Malachi Jones, David Evans, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan
Dickinson, James Anderson, Joseph Webb, John Orme, William Teunent,
John Thomson, Samuel Gelston, Samuel Pumry, Hugh Conn, Henry Hook,
Samuel Davis, John Pierson, Robert Cross, William Stewart.
Messrs. John Braducr, John Clement, George Philips, and Joseph Lamb,
were ab.sent.
Elders present : Messrs. Robert Gordon, John Snowden, Robert Finney,
John David, John Gardner, Johannes Vandegrift, Robert Ogden, Thomas
Udell, and Ephraim Sealy.
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson was chosen moderator, and Mr. David Evans was
chosen clerk.
The Synod to their great sorrow found that our reverend brethren, Mr.
Samuel Young and Mr. John Hampton were dead.
• Mr. Archibald Edmundson.
Philadelphia, October the Gth, 1720.
gir ; Mr. i\IcGill having reported to me and some others that were left as a com-
mittee" of the Synod, that there was some dilfercnce between his apprehensions and those
of the people of Marlborough congregation, respecting about half a year's time that was
spent between the time of his having accepted tlie call in England and hi.s entering into
actual service among you ; and desiring our opinion, whether it were not right for him to
expect pay for that time, because he had tlien Laid by all business that could be advan-
tageous to him, besides was rather more expensive to him than the same space of time
was when actually settled in business ; we could not but give it as our opinion, that he
might justlv expect to be paid for that time, and the other members left it with me to
acquaint yJu with our sentiments of the matter. I am, sir, your humble servant. A.
— (Letter Book.]
[Many of the letters referred to in the Minutes are not to be found in the Letter Book,
aud the foregoing is the last memorandum recorded.]
1721.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 65
Mr. Jones, moderator of the last Synod, preached a Synodical sermon from
1 Cor. iv. 2.
Appointed that the committee for bills and overtures be Masters Jedidiah
•Andrews, George McNish, and Daniel McGill.
The minutes of the last Synod ordered to be read.
New complaints being made by some of the members concerning James
Morehead, who was disowned by the Synod last year, which affair is deferred
till afterwards.
Mr. Samuel Pumry gave satisfactory reasons to the Synod for his absence
last year.
Ordered, That the members of the Synod be inquired of to-morrow morn-
ing, what collection they have made towards the fund.
Ordered, That Mr. Hugh Conn shall preach here next Friday, at eleven
o'clock.
Ordered, That the committee for bills and overtures do meet to-morrow
morning, at seven o'clock.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at 9 o'clock.
21st day. Postpreces sederunt qui supra, at nine o'clock.
The affair of the committee with relation to Mr. Clement, deferred.
_ Mr. Gillespie reported that the Emmitts gave satisfaction to him and his ses-
sion, according to the order of the Synod last year.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia reported that they had paid Mr. Clement
five pounds of the ten pounds that was left to them last year to be disposed
of at their discretion, for the encouragement of the gospel at Gloucester and
Pilesgrove.
The committee appointed to meet upon the account of Mr. Cross, met
according to appointment, and the representatives of the congregation of New
Castle, reporting that the generality of said congregation were for continuing
Mr. Cross as their pastor ; the said committee restored him unto the exercise
of his pastoral office there.
Mr. McGill performed the order of the Synod last year to their satisfac-
tion.
Ordered, That the commissioners of the Synod, do bring in an account to-
morrow morning of what they have done in the Synod's name, since last
meeting.
Appointed that the committee for bills and overtures be also a committee for
the fund ; and Messrs. Jones, Ande"son, Thomson, and the moderator, be
added to them.
Appointed that Mr. Pierson and Mr. Webb, do revise the Presbytery book
of New Castle. 3 3
Appointed that Mr. Conn and Mr. Cross, do revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia.
Appointed that Mr. Orme and Mr. Gillespie, do revise the Presbytery book
of Long-Island.
The business with respect to the regulation of Presbyteries deferred from
last to this Synod, further delayed.
The affair relating to James Morehead, further delayed.
It being inquired what collections for the fund were made, it was found
that Masters Andrews, McNish, the Moderator, Webb, Orme, Conn, Thom-
son, and Gelston, have brought collections from their respective congregations,
which they are ordered to deliver to the committee for the fund, and the
remaining ministers having given their reasons why they obtained no collec-
tions, they were sustained.
9
66 ' MINUTES OF THE [1721.
Ordered, That the ministers of this Synod shall continue their diligence to
obtain collections for the fund as afore appointed.
The committee for bills and overtures, appointed to meet at half an hour
after two o'clock, poi^t merid.
Adjourned till half an hour after three o'clock, P. M.
P. M. half an hour after three o'clock.
The whole affair relating to Mr. Clement deferred.
The consideration of the regulation of Presbyteries further delayed.
The affair relating to Mr. Morehcad, further delayed.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post merid. to-morrow.
22d day at three o'clock, post merid. sederunt qui supra.
The affair relating to Mr. Clement further delayed.
The consideration of the regulation of Presbyteries further delayed.
The affair of James Morehead was reassumcd, and he presenting himself
before the Synod, it was by the moderator inquired of him, whether he would
submit to the Synod or not, which he refusing, the moderator, in the name of
the Synod, solemnly admonished him not to exercise the work of the minis-
try, upon pain of the highest church censure in case of continued contumacy.
Ordered, That a letter be written to the people of White-clay creek, in
answer to their letter to the Synod, and that Masters John Orme and Robert
Cross do write said letter.
Ordered, That Mr. John Thomson preach at White-clay creek, and read
the above said letter to said people, together with all the conclusions of the
Synod relating to the above said Morehead.
Ordered, That Masters Orme, Cross, and McGill, do preach here next
Lord's day.
The committee for bills and overtures, to meet at eight o'clock, ante merid.
to-morrow.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, A. M. to-morrow.
23d day at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qm sicpra.
The affair of Mr. Clement was reassumed, and with reference thereunto it
■was proposed, whether it should be presently taken into consideration of the
Synod, which was carried affirmatively. Whereupon the Synod having
■diligently inquired into the conversation of the said Mr. Clement, from the
time of the committee appointed to sit at Rehoboth last fall, do find incontes-
table proof from several evidences who appeared before the Synod, that in the
general, the carriage of the said Mr. Clement, had been unbecoming a gospel
minister. And more particularly it was proved before us, that he had been
grossly disingenuous in the pretended satisfaction he had given to the said
committee, by his saying, that the confession of his immoralities, and tht
satisfaction he had made to them, was because he knew no other way to get
out of their clutches. It also appeared by good evidence, that the said Mr.
Clement, had been diverse times overtaken with drink, and chargeable with
very abusive language, and quarrelling, and of stabbing a man. Whereupor.
the Synod seriously considering the premises, do, in regard to the honour of
Ood and edification of his people, as well as for preventing the bad influence
of his ill example, as also his own conviction and reformation, suspend the
said 3Ir. Clement from the exercise of all and every part of his ministerial
function, till the next meeting of the Synod at this place.
Ordered, That Mr. Jedidiah Andrews do write a letter to said Mr. Clement
at his leisure, in which an extract of this minute is to be inclosed.
1721.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 67
The committee for bills and overtures to meet at eight o'clock on Monday
next, A. M.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, Monday next, A. M.
Beptemhcr, Ihth day at ten o'clock, according to appointment, post preces se-
derunt qui supra.
Mr. Samuel Davis gave the reasons of his several years' absence, which rea-
sons were sustained.
The consideration of the regulation of Presbyteries further delayed.
The letter to the people of Whiteclay creek was brought in, read, and ap-
proved.
Adjourned till three o'clock, precisely, P. M.
Three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt, &c.
The consideration of the regulation of Presbyteries deferred ut supra.
Mr. Gillespie proposing to the Synod a review of their last year's minutes
with relation to Mr. Robert Cross, in order that they might be altered or an-
nulled, it was voted the said minutes should not be annulled or altered.
The question being put whether answers in writing should be made by the
Synod to Mr. Gillespie's protestations and objections against the procedure of
the Synod with relation to Mr. Ptobert Cross his affair, and it was carried in
the negative.
Mr. Pierson appointed to preach here to-morrow night.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow, A. M,
2Qth day, at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui siipra.
The overture brought in upon Mr. Gillespie's second paper deferred.
Adjourned till three o'clock precisely, P. M.
At three o'clock, P. 31. post p)reces sederunt, &c.
The overture brought in upon Mr. Gillespie's second paper, further de-
layed.
A reference from the Presbytery of Long-Island being made to this Synod,
as to a further cognoscing on the affiiir of the trustees of New Haven college,
their sending missionaries to erect a new separate congregation in New York ;
and we having inspected into the conduct of the said Presbytery in that affair,
though we cannot see how their conduct can be disapproved ; yet considering
that the gentlemen trustees have, by a letter, desired a conference with some
of our Synod upon that and other affairs, we now defer giving our Synodical
judgment thereon, that so we may not hinder their desired amicable conference
with us, in case any such conference be appointed.
A letter from the trustees of the college of New Haven being read, wherein
they have desired that this Synod would send some of their number to meet
and amicably treat with them about the great affairs of religion in general, and
about the unhappy difference at New York in particular; the Synod in an-
swer to those great and good ends, do appoint the Presbytery of Long-Island,
or as many of their number as the said Presbytery shall nominate and appoint
to meet, and christianly confer with the said trustees upon the foresaid arti-
cles, at Stanford, on the 25th day of October next, and that a letter be written
in answer to theirs.
Ordered, That Masters Andrews, McGill, and Thomson, do write said letter,
and bring it in to-morrow afternoon.
The committee for bills and overtures to meet at eight o'clock, to-morrow
morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow morning.
68 MINUTES OF THE [1722.
11th day. At ten o'clock. Post prcces sederunt, d-c.
The overture brought in upon Mr. Gillespie's second paper further de-
layed.
Ordered, That each minister of this Synod do pay a shilling to the door-
keeper.
An overture being brought in from the committee of bills and overtures,
that Mrs. Wilson should have of the fund four pounds ten shillings, Mr.
Evans two pounds ten shillings, the said overture was approved by the Synod.
The people of Birmingham addressing the Synod for a supply of preach-
ing the gospel unto them, that matter 'was referred to the Presbytery of New
Castle.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock, P. M.
Three o'clock, P. M. Po.st pi-eces, sederunt qui supra.
"Whereas in page thirty-three of the Presbytery (now Synod,) book, there is
a minute relating to 31r. Pierson's settlement at Woodbridge, the Synod at his
instance, do declare their approbation of his conduct in settling there.
The overture upon Mr. Gillespie's second paper was reassumed, which was
as followeth, viz.
As we have been for many years in the exercise of Presbyterian government
and Church discipline, as exercised by the Presbyterians in the best reformed
Churches, as far as the nature and constitution of this country will allow, our
opinion is, that if any brother have any overture to offer to be formed into an
act by the Synod, for the better carrying on in the matter of our government
and discipline, that he may bring it in against next Synod.
This overture was carried in the affirmative by a majority of votes, and or-
dered by vote to be recorded.
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, Mr. Malachi Jones, Mr. Joseph Morgan, Mr. John
Pierson, Mr. David Evans, and Mr. Joseph Webb, entered their protestation
against the above mentioned act, and the recording of it, and gave in the rea-
sons of their protest, which are in rctentis.
Ordered, That Mr. McGill and Mr. McNish draw up answers to the above-
said protest.
The Presbytery books were each of them, according to appointment, read
and approved by the Synod.
The letter to the trustees of New Haven college was read and approved.
Ordered, that Mr. Jedidiah Andrews do sign said letter in the name of the
Synod.
The affair of the regulation of Presbyteries, and the letters from Southamp-
ton and New York, deferred till next Synod.
Overtured, That a commission of the Synod be appointed to act in the name,
and with the whole authority of the Synod, in all affairs which shall come be-
fore them, and particularly that the whole affair of the fund be left to their
conduct, and that they be accountable to the Synod.
Which overture was approved by the Synod, and Masters George McNish,
Jedidiah Andrews, James Anderson, Samuel Purary, Malachi Jones, and
llobert Cross, were appointed for said commissioners, any three of them to be
a quorum.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday in September next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia, at two oWock, post meridian.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
September 20th, 1722.
(The paucity of the members present was the reason why they did not con-
stitute yesterday, according to appointment.)
1722.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 69
Postpreces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. John Orme, John Thomson, Samuel Gelston, Samuel
Pumry, Hugh Conn, Henry Hook, Robert Cross, William Stewart, John
Bradner, Moses Dickinson, Daniel McGill, Jedidiah Andrews, George Gilles-
pie, George McNish, Malachi Jones, David Evans, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan
Dickinson, James Anderson.
Messrs. Joseph Webb, William Tennent, Samuel Davis, John Pierson,
John Clement, George Philips, Joseph Lamb, ministers, were absent.
Elders present were : Messrs. John Budd, John Gardner, Joseph Charles-
worth, James Parry, Joseph Woodroof, Edward Holmes, David Miller,
Richard Wallis, and Enoch Armitage.
Mr. John Thomson was chosen moderator, and Mr. David Evans was chosen
clerk.
The minutes of the last Synod ordered to be read.
Mr. John Braduer gave his reasons for his absence last year, which were
sustained.
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, the moderator of the last Synod, preached a
synodical sermon, from 2 Tim. iii. 17.
Masters Jedidiah Andrews, Jonathan Dickinson, George McNish, Robert
Cross, with the moderator, are appointed for a committee for bills and over-
tures ; and it is recommended to all the rest of the members of the Synod to
attend upon said committee as they can and see cause.
And it 's agreed by the Synod, that if any matter of difficulty happen to be
referred from any of our respective Presbyteries to the Synod, they may as
they think meet, either bring it immediately to the Synod or to the aforesaid
committee.
Mr. Alexander Hutchinson, probationer, producing sufficient credentials
from the Presbytery of Glasgow was approved.
Appointed, That Mr. Samuel Pumry preach here to-morrow, at eleven
o'clock in the morning. And Mr. McNish, and Mr. Alexander Hutchinson,
to preach here next Sabbath day ; and Mr. Robert Cross on the next Sabbath
night ; and Mr. James Anderson on the next Monday night.
Appointed, That the committee for bills and overtures be also a committee
for the fund, and that Mr. Hugh Conn, and Mr. James Anderson, be added
to them.
Appointed, That the committee for overtures do meet to-morrow, at eight
o'clock, ante meridiem.
A letter from Mr. Joseph Webb, containing the reasons of his absence
from the Synod, was produced by Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, and the reasons
were sustained.
One Mr. Robert Laing, a minister of the gospel from Great Britaia, being
arrived in Maryland, and as he was coming to this Synod was taken sick by
the way, whose credentials from Great Britain were produced at this Synod
and approved, and he recommended to the Presbytery of New Castle for fur-
ther direction.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three o'clocJc, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Appointed, That Mr. Joseph Morgan, and Mr. Samuel Pumry, do revise
the Presbytery book of New Castle.
Appointed, That Mr. Malachi Jones, and Mr. Hugh Conn, do revise the
Presbytery book of Long Island.
Appointed, That Mr. George Gillespie, and Mr. Samuel Gelston, do revise
the Presbytery book of Philadelphia.
It being inquired what collections for the fund were made, it was found
70 MlrJUTES OF THE [1722
that Mr. George McNish, Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, and Mr. "William Stewart,
have brought collections from their respective congregations, which they are
ordered to deliver to the committee for the fund, and the rest of the ministers
Laving given their reasons why they brought no collections, their reasons were
sustained.
The affair concerning the regulation of Presbyteries coming under consider-
ation, it was ordered, that Mr. William Stewart do join to the Presbytery of
New Castle.
Mr. John Thomson preached at "Whiteclay Creek, &c. according to appoint-
ment.
Mr. Andrews writ the letter, and also an extract of the last Synod's minute
relating to Mr. Clement, to him, which were delivered to him by 3Ir. Thom-
son, and the said Mr. Clement not appearing at this Synod, his suspension is
continued till he gives satisfaction to the Synod. And it is by the Synod re-
commended to all our Presbyteries, that if they, or any of them, before the
next Synod, do hear that the said Mr. Clement does any where officiate as a
minister, they shall write to the people he officiates among, to inform them of
the said Mr. Clement's lying under the censure of the Synod.
The Presbytery of Long Island report that they fulfilled the appointment of
the Synod with respect to the conference with the trustees of New Haven col-
lege, the particular account of which conference is delayed till to-morrow.
Ordered, That every minister of this Synod give a shilling to the door-
keeper.
Mr. McNish bath fulfilled the appointment of the last year's Synod in an-
swering the protest of Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, Mr. Malachi Jones, &c. ; a
further inquiry into which affair is delayed.
Ordered, That the commission of the Synod do bring in an account of all
their proceedings since the last Synod, to-morrow.
Adjourned till three o'clock, j>os< meridiem, to-morrow.
21 dai/. At 3 o'clock, P. M. jjost preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair relating to the conference with the trustees of New Haven Col-
lege deferred till to-morrow.
The affair relating to Mr. Dickinson, Mr. Jones, Mr. Morgan, &c. their
protest deferred till afterwards.
The affair relating to the account from the commission of the Synod deferred
till afterwards.
The affair relating to Mr. John Walton, transmitted from the committee,
now comes under consideration, a representation whereof is contained in his
supplication, which we have in rctends.
Ordered, That the said supplication of Mr. Walton be read ; Masters Jona-
than Dickinson, ^Moscs Dickinson, 3Ialachi Jones, Joseph Morgan, James
Anderson, and John Budd, with Mr. Walton, being first removed, while the
whole management of this affair shall last.
The Synod having, with much seriousness and deliberation, considered the
whole afiair, and all the particular branches of it, came to the following con-
clusion :
That however they judge the Presbytery of Maidenhead's proceeding to
suspend Mr. Walton, being absent, unheard, the evidences not being con-
fronted, especially their proceeding to publish the said suspension, with the
reason thereof, at Croswicks, before the matter was judicially cleared, was
not regular ; yet the charge with which Mr. Walton is charged being after-
wards sufficiently proved, was just ground of suspension if the Presbytery
had been more deliberate, and the matter of charge against him formally made
appear before the inflicting the censure, as it was afterwards. And further.
1722] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 71
the Synod judgeth that Mr. Walton's behaviour towards, and treatment of the
said Presbytery in many of his expressions, particularly those contained in his
.address to the Synod, wherein he designs them in general and particular, with
diminutive and deriding titles, and speaks of them and their proceeding with
an air of disdain, was very abusive and insolent, and every way unsuitable and
unbecoming for any private Christian, and much more a candidate for the min-
istry to use towards ministers of the gospel, whose universal character hitherto
hath been without blemish.
Adjourned till eight o'clock precisely to-morrow, A. M.
22c? day at 8 o'clock, according to appointment, post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The affair relating to the conference with the trustees of New Haven Col-
lege; also the affair relating to Mr. Dickinson, Mr. Jones, &c. their protest;
also the affair relating to the commission of the Synod, deferred till after-
wards.
A further consideration of Mr. Walton's business delayed till next Mon-
day.
A reference by the Presbytery of New Castle, held at Cohanzy pro re nata,
being made to this Synod, comes now under our consideration ; and after a
long and patient hearing of both parties, and considerable deliberation being
had upon the same, it was universally agreed, that a committee be chosen to
consider further upon the particulars of that affair, and to bring in overtures
upon every particular of it against next Monday morning. The members of
the said committee to be Masters George McNish, Jonathan Dickinson, Moses
Dickinson, Jedidiah Andrews, John Budd, Samuel Gelston, Samuel Pumry,
James Anderson, together with all the members of the Presbytery at Cohanzy,
2)ro re nata, together with Mr. McGill ; which committee is to meet at four
o'clock, this afternoon.
Adjourned till eight o'clock, on Monday morning.
At 8 o'clocJc on Monday, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair relating to the conference with the trustees of New Haven Col-
lege ; also the affair relating to Mr. Dickinson, &c. and the protest ; and also
the affair relating to the commission of the Synod, deferred till afterwards.
The committee on the affair of Mr. Hook, not having finished what was com-
mitted to them, the said business is deferred till afterwards.
The business of Mr. Walton reassumed.
Mr. Walton being called in, and largely discoursed with again respecting his
case, he not being satisfactory in his expressions, the Synod appointed two of
their number, silicet the moderator and Mr. McNish, to confer with him pri-
vately, and make report to the Synod.
The brethren appointed to confer with Mr. Walton, report, that his carriage
with them was much as before the Synod. Whereupon the Synod concluded
to allow him till four o'clock this afternoon to consider further of his affair,
and that then he deliver his mind to the Synod in writing as fully as he
thinks fit.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At 3 dclocTc, P. M. post p>rcces sederunt qui supra.
The affairs deferred the last sederunt, further deferred.
The affair of Mr. Walton reassumed.
The said Mr. Walton gave in an additional acknowledgment of his misde-
meanours in writing, which being read, the question was put, whether it was
satisfactory pro tanio, and it was resolved in the affirmative.
72 . ; MINUTES OF THE [1722.
The Synod after long and free debate upon the whole of Mr. "Walton's
affair, do order and appoint as followeth ; that the said Mr. "Walton is sus-
pended from preaching in any place for three Sabbaths next ensuing, and that
his acknowledgment and confession given in this day to the Synod, so far
only as it concerns his miscarriages committed at Newark, shall in his own
words be read publicly in open congregation on the last of the three Sabbaths ;
•where it is ordered that Mr. "Walton shall be present and own the said ac-
knowledgment and confession given in to us before the congregation then and
there assembled ; which done, the minister appointed to preach that day, shall
authoritatively take off the suspension. Mr. Pumry is appointed to preach at
Newark the said Sabbath. Mr. George Gillespie, Mr. David Evans, Mr. John
Orme, and Mr. John Gardner, dissented against the limited suspension of Mr.
John "Walton.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
At eight o'cloc/c, A. M. according to aj>pointment, post preces sederunt qui
sujpra.
The affairs deferred the last sederunt, further deferred.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post mcrid. that the committee might have time
to complete the overtures upon the affair of Cohanzy.
At 3 o'clocic, P. 31. according to ap>pointment, p)0st preces sederunt qui
s%ipra.
The affair of Mr. Hook reassumed.
The committee appointed to bring in overtures upon the several articles
alleged against Mr. Hook, brought in their overtures, which are as follows.
1. Overturcd, That inasmuch as the first crimination against Mr. Hook is
of several years date ; and by the confession of the parties offended, long since
satisfied for, and as appears to us from an ill motive, that it be therefore re-
jected, which overture was approved of by the Synod.
2. Overturcd, That the Synod disapprove of Mr. Fithian's publicly charging
Mr. Hook with a lie relating to a bargain of a horse, not only without evi-
dence, but when the evidences he produced witnessed against him ; which over-
ture was approved of by. the Synod.
3. Overturcd, That Mr. Hook is chargeable with falsehood, and a very un-
natural and uncharitable construction of Mr. Sealy's letter, in representing him
as saying, that Mr. Hook's fingers and toes were cut off in Ireland for stealing.
"Which overture, by a majority of votes, was approved by the Synod.
4. Overturcd, That Mr. Hook cannot be charged with a lie respecting the
shooting match, inasmuch as he might truly say, he did not inform the justi-
ces, but only admonished them of their duty. Approved by a majority of votes
of the Synod.
5. Overturcd, That Mr. Hook was chargeable with folly and levity unbe-
coming a gospel minister in the sham marriages alleged. Approved by the
Synod.
6. Overturcd, That Mr. Hook might have been asleep, notwithstanding of
what appears by Joseph IJrooks and Benjamin Davis their evidences; there-
fore, after long and mature deliberation upon it, we left it doubtful. Which
was approved by the Synod.
7. As to the charge of obscene actions expressed in Ephraim Sealy's depo-
sition, I\Ir. Hook hath confessed the whole with much seeming sorrow, and
grief before the Synod. Upon the whole, 31r. Hook being called in and by
the moderator desired to declare his thouglits concerning the other articles of
which he was concluded guilty by the Synod, he made an acknowledgment
as to every particular, and professed a sincere sorrow and repentance for the
1722.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 73
same. Which together with the acknowledgment by him before made, with
relation to the article contained in Ephraim Sealy's evidence, was accepted by
the Synod as a satisfactory evidence of his sincere repentance. Upon which
the Synod spent a considerable time in debating and deliberating upon the
kind and degree of censure to be inflicted upon Mr. Hook for the abovesaid
offences. ^ At last the question was proposed, suspend or not. The resolution
of which is deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow, ante merid.
At nine dcloclc, A. M. according to appointment, post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The afi"airs deferred the last sederunt deferred further.
The above mentioned question relating to the suspension or non-suspensioa
of Mr. Hook, being proposed, it was, by a great majority of votes carried in
the affirmative. It being again questioned, whether his suspension should be
limited or indefinite, it was by a majority of votes carried indefinite.
Upon the whole, the Synod have appointed, that Mr. Daniel McGill, Mr.
Jedidiah Andrews, Mr. James Morgan, and Mr. Robert Cross, do meet at
Fairfield meeting-house upon the third Thursday of October next ensuing,
and then and there they or any one of them, have power to take ofi" the sus-
pension, if no sufficient reason to the contrary appears. And further, it is
ordered that one of the said ministers do preach at the said meeting-house,
and also, that the said ministers do publicly read a full extract of the Synod's
minutes relating to Mr, Hook, and that Mr. Hook make his public acknow-
ledgment viva voce or in writing, as he thinks fit, in order to his being absolved
as aforesaid.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three d clock, P. 31. according to ap)poinment, post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The Presbytery of Long-Island gave in their report to the Synod, that a
committee of their Presbytery met a number of the trustees of New-Haven
college, according to the appointment of the Synod, and have given a large
account in writing, of their proceedings with said trustees, whereby the Synod
is convinced that they, though without the desired success, have done what
they could relating to the union with Connecticut ministers, and removing
those differences between them and our Presbytery of Long-Island, by the
irregular division of the congregation at New York, and the trustees sending
missionaries to preach there. Upon the whole, the Synod approves of the con-
duct of the Presbytery of Long-Island in the whole aff"air as it was managed
by them, both since last Synod and formerly.
Mr. Hook desiring to be joined to New Castle Presbytery, it was granted.
Ordered, That Mr. John Pierson do supply Mr. Pumry's congregation that
Sabbath in which Mr. Pumry is to be at Newark about Mr. Walton's business;
and that on the same day Mr. Webb supply Mr. Pierson's people.
The affiiir of Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, &c. his protest reassumed.
Adjourned till eight o'clock, to-morrow, ante merid.
At eight o'clock, A. 31. according to appointment, p>ost preces sederunt qui
supra.
The brethren who entered their protestation against the act for allowing any
brother or member of this Synod, to bring in any overture to be formed into
an act by the Synod, for the better carrying on in the matters of our govern-
ment and discipline, &c. The said brethren protestants brought in a paper
of four articles, testifying in writing their sentiments and judgment concerning
10
74 MINUTES OF THE [1722.
church government, which was approved by the Synod, and ordered by the
Synod to be recorded in the Synod book. Likewise the said brethren being
willing to take back their protestation against said act, together with their rea-
sons given in defense of said protest ; the Synod doth hereby order that the
protest, together with the reasons of it. as also the answers at the appointment
of the SvikhI given in to the reasons alleged by Mr. Daniel McGill and Mr.
George JNlcNish, be all withdrawn ; and that the said act remain and be in
all respects as if no such protest had been made. The articles are as fol-
loweth.
1. We freely grant, that there is full executive power of church govern-
ment in Presbyteries and Synods, and that they may authoritatively, in the
name of (^hrist, use the keys of church discipline to all proper intents and
purposes, and that the keys of the church are committed to the church officers
and them only.
2. We also grant, that the mere circumstantials of church discipline, such
as the time, place, and mode, of carrying on in the government of the Church,
belong to ecclesiastical judicatories to determine as occasions occur, conform-
able to the general rules in the word of Grod, that recjuire all things to be done
decently and in order. And if these things are called acts, we will take no
offence at the word, provided that these acts be not imposed upon such as
conscientiously dissent from them.
3. We also grant, that Synods may compose directories, and recommend
them to all their members, respecting all the parts of discipline, provided that
all subordinate judicatories may decline from such directories when they con-
scientiously think they have just reason so to do.
4. We freely allow that appeals may be made from all inferior to superior
judicatories, and that superior judicatories have authority to consider and de-
termine such appeals.
Malachi Jones,
Joseph Morgan,
Jonathan Dickinson,
David Evans.
The Synod was so universally pleased with the abovesaid composure of their
difference, that they unanimously joined together in a thanksgiving prayer,
and joyful singing the one hundred and thirty-third psalm.
The supplications of the people of New Castle, and the people of Tree
Dyffryn, referred from the committee for bills and overtures to the Synod,
referred to the commission of the Synod.
A representation being made by some of our members of the earnest desires
of some Protestant dissenting families in Virginia, together with a comfortable
prospect of the increase of our interest there, the Synod have appointed that
Mr. Hugh Conn, Mr. John Orme, and Mr. William Stewart, do each of them
severally visit said people, and preach four Sabbaths to them, between this and
the next Synod.
Some members expressing their fears lest Mr. John Walton should not be-
have himself orderly, the Synod do appoint that Mr. George McNish, Mr.
James Anderson, and Mr. Samuel Pumry, or any two of them, do, in the
Synod's name, judicially deal with him, upon information, as they shall see
proper.
The I'resbytery books of Philadelphia and Long Island were brought in, and
approved by the Synod.
The commission of the Synod appointed last 3'ear, continued with the same
powers until the next Synod.
The review of the minutes of this present Synod, and all the affairs of the
fund, with whatever emergencies may occur, referred to the said commission.
1723.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 75
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia, at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
1723.
Pliiladeljyhia, September the 18^/i, 1723.
The Synod met according to appointment, uhi j)ostpreces sederunt, (Mr. Jones
being moderator, i^ro te?npore, and Mr. Cross clerk.)
Ministers present : Messrs. Daniel McGill, Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews,
James Anderson, George Gillespie, Hugh Conn, David Evans, William Stew-
art, Henry Hook, Robert Cross, Thomas Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, Jona-
than Dickinson, John Pierson, Robert Laing.
Elders : Messrs. John Budd, John Gardner, James Abraham, Robert Wil-
son, David Evans, Esq'r., Peter Bushel.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Thomson, Orme, Moses Dickinson, Webb, Pumry,
Gelston, Tennent, Morgan, Davis, Bradner, Philips, Lamb.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
19 dai/. At eight o'clock, according to ajppointment, post preces sederunt, qui
supra.
Mr. Bradner, Mr. Orme, and Mr. Webb, giving reasons of their absence by
letter, their reasons were sustained.
Messrs. James Anderson, Hugh Conn, George Gillespie, and Robert Cross,
being put upon the Leet in order to the choice of a moderator, Mr. James An-
derson was chosen, and Mr. Cross was chosen clerk.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
Mr. Thomson, the moderator of the last Synod, being absent by reason of
sickness, Mr. Andrews opened the Synod by preaching a synodical sermon from
Prov. xi. 30.
Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Jonathan Dickinson, Daniel McGill, Hugh Conn,
Robert Cross, with the moderator, are appointed for a committee for bills and
overtures ; and it is recommended to all the rest of the members of the Synod
to attend upon the said committee as they can and see cause.
Mr. Malachi Jones, and Mr. David Evans, dissent from appointing any com-
mittee for bills and overtures.
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson appointed to preach to-morrow night, Mr. Stewart
next Sabbath in the forenoon, Mr. Hutchinson in the afternoon, and Mr. Cross
at night.
Agreed that the committee for bills and overtures be also a committee for the
fund.
Mr. Jones and Mr. Pierson appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New
Castle ; and Mr. Gillespie and Mr. Stewart that of Long Island. The Presby-
tery book of Philadelphia was forgot to be brought hither.
It being inquired what collections were made for the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Jones and Anderson have done somewhat in that affair, as likewise the
congregation at Newark, per Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, which they are ordered
to deliver to the committee of the fund. And the rest of the ministers having
given their reasons why they brought no collections, the same were sustained ;
and it is recommended to all the members of the Synod to use their diligence to
bring collections to the next Synod.
Ordered, That the commission of the Synod do bring in an account of all
their proceedings to-morrow morning.
The Synod having inquired what was done in the affair relating to Mr. Wal-
ton, found that Mr. Pumry did not go to Newark as appointed, by reason
of sickness, as likewise that Mr. Walton, (without any authority,) read his ac-
knowledgment and absolved himself. Upon which the Synod, having con-
sidered the whole affair, put it to vote whether the suspension was taken off,
76 MINUTES OF THE [1723.
and it was carried in the negative. And the Synod does further appoint the
Presbytery of Long Island, together with Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, Mr. Morgan,
and Mr. Pierson, to be a committee to transact in the whole ail'air relating to
Mr. Walton, and to remove or continue the suspension as they shall see cause.
Adjourned to three o'clock, post meridiem.
Hora tertia post meridiem, post preces sederunt, qui supra.
The Synod approves of the conduct of the committee in absolving Mr.
Hook.
Messrs. Hugh Conn, John Orrae, and William Stewart, fulfilled their ap-
pointments with respect to Virginia.
The Presbytery of New Castle having referred a case to the Synod with re-
spect to Mr. Kobert Laing, upon whom they passed the censures of rebuke, sus-
pension, and deposition, for violating the Lord's day, by washing himself in a
creek, and for his indiscreet carriage to the Presbytery at the time of his re-
buke, the Synod, after mature deliberation upon that affair, with the concurring
circumstances, particularly Mr. Laing's indisposition at that time, and expecta-
tion of service from that action, do judge those censures of suspension and de-
position were too severe, and do therefore repeal them; although we can't but
judge Mr. Laing guilty of several very unbecoming imprudencies, worthy of re-
buke, relating to that affair. Mr. Robert Cross and Mr. Thomas Evans, mem-
bers of that Presbytery, did not agree to the sentence of deposition when
it was passed.
A letter from the people of Virginia being read, the consideration of it was
deferred till to-morrow morning.
The committee appointed to meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, ante meridiem, to-morrow.
20 day. Hora nona ante meridiem, sederunt qui sitpra.
The affair of Virginia reassumed. The Synod having seriously considered
said affair, do appoint Mr. Hugh Conn, Mr. John Orme, and Mr. William
Stewart, each of them to preach four Lord's days before next Synod to that
people, and it is recommended to Mr. Jonathan Dickinson to preach to said
people before next Synod, some Sabbath days, and in case he goes thither,
that then Mr. Pierson, Mr. Webb, and Mr. Moses Dickinson, do supply his
congregation with preaching.
And it is further Ordered, That Mr. Jones and Mr. Andrews write a letter
to the people of Virginia.
And it is further Ordered, That Mr. Hutchinson supply Mr. Stewart's con-
gregation two Sabbaths during his absence in Virginia.
And it is Ordered, That a letter of address be writ to the Governor of Vir-
ginia, by Messrs. Dickinson and Cross, and that the said letter to the people of
Virginia, and also this, be brought into the Synod for approbation.
A letter from the ministers of Connecticut to this Synod, desiring a con-
ference with some of the ministers of this Synod, in order to the healing of
those divisions in the I'resbyterian congregation in New York, being read
and maturely considered, it was ordered, that a letter be writ to the ministers
of Connecticut in answer to theirs, to thank them for their concern about the
interest of religion in New York, and their proposing a conference with some
of us in order to heal the division in the Presbyterian congregation there, and
to signify our hearty concurrence with their proposal. And withal to signify
our apprehensions that the place proposed for a conference, is not so likely
to answer the good intentions expressed in their letter as New York would be,
and therefore to desire them to send some of their number to meet with some
1723.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 77
of ours there, on the twenty-third of October next. Messrs. Andrews, Dickin-
son, Morgan, Philips, Cross, and McGill, appointed to meet the said minis-
ters at New York, at the time before mentioned, and are empowered to act in
■ the name and with the full power of the Synod, in the affair proposed. But
if the said Connecticut ministers decline coming to New York at the time
mentioned, the aforementioned members of the Synod are empowered to
meet them at any other time and place for the said purpose, as they shall
thmk reasonable. And if the good ends proposed, relating to New York, be
at the conference happily accomplished, the Synod recommends it to those
of their members afore appointed for said conference, to treat with said minis-
ters of Connecticut about an union with us, and empower them to concert and
conclude upon any methods that may conduce to that end. Mr. McGill and
Mr. Conn appointed to write the abovesaid letter.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post merid. Concluded with prayer.
Horh tertia, post merid. sederunt qui supra.
The Synod according to an overture of the committee, resolved themselves
into an interloquitur, to consider a case of conscience proposed by George
Williamson, with respect to his call to the ministry, and after having heard
the same, desired a further consideration of it till to-morrow morninf.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
21s< day. Horci octava, ante merid. sederunt qui supra.
The affair of said George Williamson reassumed.
The ministers of the Synod having seriously and deliberately considered
the above case, do, neyyiine contradicente, agree in judgment, that the said
person has not any regular call that way ; for though we are satisfied as to his
piety and godly life, yet we think he wants necessary qualifications required
in the word of God for a gospel minister, and therefore advise him to continue
in the vocation wherein he is called, and endeavour to be useful as a private
Christian.
The letter to the people of Virginia was read and approved.
The Presbytery book of Long-Island revised and approved.
The Presbytery book of New Castle revised and approved.
The commission of the Synod having rendered an account of their acting in
the name of the Synod, it was approved.
Adjourned till four o'clock, post merid.
Bora tertia, i^ost merid. sederunt qui supi'a.
A letter to the Governor of Virginia was read and approved.
Upon a supplication from the congregation of Tree-Dyffrin, for some thing
from the fund, it was overtured by the committee, that five pounds be given to
said people, which overture was approved by the Synod.
From a like supplication from the people of Octararo and Hanover, it was
overtured that three pounds be given to each of them ; this overture was agreed"
to; as likewise to give three pounds to Mrs. Wilson, and one pound to Mr.
Andrews for recording.
Messieurs Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Dickinson, Cross, and Evans, to be
the commission of the Synod with the same power as formerly. Ordered,
that the minutes be revised by the commission of the Synod. Upon reading
the list of ministers the Synod found, to their great grief, that Mr. McNish
was dead.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia, at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
78 MINUTES OF THE [1724.
1724.
rhiladdphia, Sej^fenn ,.' IGth, 1724.
The Synod met according to appointment, nhi jMut jrreces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews, James Anderson,
George (xillespie, Hugh Conn, David Evans, Henry Hook, Robert Cross,
John Bradner, Thomas Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, John Pierson, John
Orme, ]lobert Laing, Thomas Craighead, John Thomson, Moses Dickinson,
Samuel Puiiiry.
Elders : IMessrs. John Budd, John Gardner, James Parry, Abraham Golder,
Peter Bushell, John Kale, Enoch Armitage.
Ministers absent: Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Willi n Stewart, Joseph
Webb, Joseph Morgan, Samuel Gelston, William Tennent.
Mr. Anderson opened the Synod by preaching a sermon upon 2 Cor. v. 20.
Mr. George Gillespie was chosen moderator, and Mr. Roi)ert Cross, clerk.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at eight o'claok- Concluded with
prayer.
Die VI mo. at eight o^ clock, ante merid. jwst preces hjderunt qui supra.
INIr. Webb and Mr. Tennent gave by letters the reasons of their absence,
which were sustained.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
Mr. Pumry and Mr. Thomson gave the reasons of their absence last year,
which were sustained.
Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Pierson, Cross, Jones, and Conn,
were appointed to be a committee for the fund, and for any other business the
Synod shall recommend to them.
Mr. Moses Dickinson appointed to preach on Friday night.
Messrs. Pumry and Bradner appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
New Castle. Masters Orme and Hook that of Long-Island. The Presbytery
book of Philadelphia was wanting by reason of Mr. Jonathan Dickinson's
absence.
It being inquired what collections were made for the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, and Evans, had brought collections,
and they were ordered to deliver them to the committee for the fund. And
the rest of the ministers having given their reasons why they brought no col-
lections, the same were sustained. And it is recommended to all the members
of the Synod, to use their utmost diligence to bring collections to the next
Synod.
The Synod having inquired what the committee did on the affair of Mr.
Walton, did approve of their conduct and management, the account whereof
is as foUoweth : "New York, October 25, 1723. At a meeting of the com-
mittee of the Synod, relating to the affair of Mr. Walton. Present, Messrs.
Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Samuel Pumry, Robert Cross, and Jonathan
Dickinson.
" Mr. Morgan chosen iModerator, and j\Ir. Dickinson, clerk.
''After deliberate consideration of Mr. AValtoii's case, and particular hear-
ing several scandalous allegations against him, by letters and otherwise, and
his answers unto them, the question was put, whether from what we had heard
we had just grounds to take off the suspension laid on him by the Synod, and
wc agreed in the negative nemine contradicintc.
*' Ordered, That Mr. Morgan write to the people of East-Chester, where he
has lately preached, informing them of this our conclusion.
" Resolved, That the committee of the Synod convene to transact what
shall appear further needful in the case of Mr. Walton, when Messrs. Ander-
1724.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 79
son, Pumry, and Cross, shall give notice to the other members of the com-
mittee.
" The moderator being desired by the committee, after reading the above
' minutes to Mr. Walton, to give him an admonition, to use more care, watch-
fulness, and circumspection for the future, Mr. Walton did not only exclaim
against our conclusion, and declare he never would have any more concern with
any of our judicatories, but also refused to hear any exhortation ; telling us
(hat he did not want any exhortation from us, and that he always thought that
it was all an intrigue, but was willing to try us once more, and in an angry
manner rushed away from us."
Mr. Orme fulfilled the appointment of the Synod with respect to his preach-
ing in Virginia ; Mr. Conn did not, and gave his reasons, which were sus-
tained ; Mr. Stewart did not, the reasons not known, he being absent.
The Synod approves of the conduct of the committee appointed to meet
with the ministers from Connecticut, to confer about the affairs of the Pres-
byterian congregation in New York, though their endeavours proved unsuc-
cessful.
The Synod having received a letter from George Williamson, expressing
some dissatisfaction with the judgment of the Synod in his case last year, they
appointed Mr. Andrews and Mr. Thomson to write a letter to him in answer
to his, and bring it into the Synod for approbation.
A letter from the people of Virginia being read and considered, the Synod
have referred that whole affair to the Presbytery of New Castle, and orders a
letter to be writ to said people, by Messrs. Pierson and Pumry, and to bring
it to the Synod for approbation.
Messieurs Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and
Evans, continued to be the commissioners of the Synod, with the same power
as formerly.
Upon calling the roll it was found that Mr. McGill died since our last
Synod.
Mr. Bradner having desired that he might be joined to the Presbytery of
Long-Island, and offered his reasons, they were sustained, and he was ordered
to join with said Presbytery.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund, &c. meet at three o'clock, j)ost
merid.
Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid.
Hora quintd, post merid. post preces sederunt qui svpra.
Mr. Moses Dickinson gave the reasons of his absence last year, which
were sustained.
Messrs. Andrews and Thomson brought in the letter to be sent to George
Williamson, which was approved.
Ordered, That the letter to Virginia be brought in at our next sederunt.
The case proposed by Mr. Webb, being considered by the committee for
overtures, they made this overture upon it, viz : Overtured, that whereas the
case is delivered in such general and doubtful terms that we cannot judge of
it, the consideration thereof be left to the Presbytery of Philadelphia ; which
overture was approved by the Synod.
Mr. Tennent having written to the Synod for some supply out of the fund,
his request was denied, and Mr. Moses Dickinson and Mr. John Budd ordered
to write a letter to him giving the reasons thereof, and to bring it in to-morrow
morning.
The overture of the committee, with reference to a supplication from some
of the inhabitants of Perth Amboy, desiring sermons sometimes, being referred
to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, was approved by the Synod, and Mr. An-
80 MINUTES OF THE [1725.
dcrson was appointed to write a letter to thenij and bring it in to-morrow
morning.
The consideration of a letter from Kent county, as likewise of Mr. Peter
Finch'.s testimonials, deferred till to-morrow morning.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet to-morrow morning, at eight
of the clock.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
Die 18mt). Hord dccimu, ante meridiem, sederunt qui siqjra.
The letter to be sent to Virginia was brought in and approved
A letter to be sent to Perth Amboy brought in and approved.
A letter to Mr. Tennent brought in and approved.
The affair of Mr. Finch and Kent county reassumed.
The Synod having road and considered Mr. Peter Finch his testimonials,
do approve them, and do recommend him for further advice and direction to
the Presbytery of New Castle, and appoint Mr. Andrews to write a letter in
answer to that from the people of Kent county.
The overture of the committee to give five pounds to j\Irs. Wilson, as like-
wise the overture to give three pounds to the people of Broad Creek, were
approved.
The consideration of the Synod's meeting by delegates deferred to the next
sederunt.
Ordered, That the Presbytery books be brought in.
Adjourned till three o'clock, posi meridiem.
Hord tertid, post vieridiem, sederunt qui sujira.
The Presbytery books of New York and New Castle brought in and ap-
proved.
The affair relating to the Synod's meeting by delegates was taken into con-
sideration, and after reasoning upon the matter, it was at last put to the vote
thus : Appear by delegates or not ? And it was carried in the aifirmative ; and
likewise concluded by vote, that the Presbytery of New Castle and Philadel-
phia do yearly delegate the half of their members to the Synod, and the Pres-
bytery of Long Island two of their number. And it is further ordered, that
all the members of the Synod do attend every third year ; and that, if in the
interim, any thing of moment do occur, whereby the presence of all the mem-
bers may be thought necessary, they, (upon notice given by the commission
of the Synod,) shall carefully attend notwithstanding the above delegation.
And it is further agreed, that every member of the Synod may attend as
formerly if they see cause.
Appointed, That the next Synod meet at Philadelphia, upon the third Wed-
nesday of September next, at two of the clock in the afternoon.
Concluded with prayer.
1725.
Philadelphia, Septemher 15, 1725.
The Synod met by their delegates according to appointment,
Ubi poxt preees sederunt
Ministers delegated : Messrs. George Gillespie, David Evans, Henry Ilook,
Joseph Houston, Adam Boyd, ]Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews, Jonathan
Dickinson, Moses Dickinson, Samuel Gelston, William Stewart.
Ministers occasionally present : Messrs. James Anderson, John Thomson,
John l*ierson, llobert Laing, Noyes I'arris.
Elders : Messrs. John Gardner, James Abraham, Thomas Iliott, Joseph
Bradon, .Tohn Hall, John Snowden, Enoch Arniitage.
Mr. Gillespie, the moderator of the last Synod, opened the Synod by preach-
ing a sermon from Col. iv. 17.
1725.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 81
Masters Thomas Craighead, and William Tennent, delegated ministers,
were absent.
Mr. Craighead sent the reasons of his absence by letter, which were sus-
tained.
Mr. David Evans was chosen moderator, and Mr. Andrews clerk.
The last year's minutes appointed to be read.
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, and Mr. Samuel Gelston, gave the reasons of their
absence last year, which were sustained.
Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Pierson, Jones, and Jonathan
Dickinson, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business
the Synod shall recommend to them.
Mr. Hook appointed to preach on Friday night.
Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson and Pierson appointed to revise the Presby-
tery book of New Castle. Messrs. Hook and Boyd that of Long Island.
Messrs. Grillespie and Houston that of Philadelphia. The revisers ordered
to bring in the Presbytery books to-morrow afternoon.
Ordered, That those which have brought collections for the fund do deliver
them to the committee for the fund.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
16 day^ at eirjht o'clock, post meridiem, sedemnt qui s^ipra.
The minute that the revisers bring in the Presbytery books in the afternoon
continued.
Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and
Evans, continued to be the commission of the Synod with the same power
as formerly.
Mr. Samuel Davis died since last Synod.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at three o'clock, post
meridiem.
The Synod having received a letter from Mr. John Walton, desiring us to
appoint the Presbytery of Long Island to be a committee to judge in his case,
it was ordered, that an extract of the minutes of the Synod, relating to his
affair, be sent to him. And it was further ordered, at the desire of the Pres-
bytery of Long Island, that this affair be left as before, viz. to the Presbytery
of Long Island, together with Messrs. Morgan, Dickinson, and Pierson, and
that the said members have a copy of the said extract of minutes, to dispose
of as they shall see cause.
Mr. Stewart being questioned touching his not going to Virginia according
to appointment, the year before last, he alleged for excuse bodily indisposi-
tion, which excuse was accepted by the Synod ; and, as to his absence last
year from the Synod, he brought his wife's indisposition for a reason, which
was sustained.
Adjourned till five o'clock, ^os< meridiem.
At five o'clock, post meridiem, sederunt, dr.
There being, according to the report of the committee for the fund, by col-
lections and interest money brought in, the sum of ten pounds and three pence
half-penny, there was given by the Synod to Mrs. Wilson five pounds ; to
Octorara two pounds ; to Goshen two pounds.; to Mr. Anderson, on account
of Mr. Finch, one pound ; to the door-keeper the remainder, viz. seven shil-
lings and three pence half-penny.
The Presbytery books were brought in and approved.
Appointed, That the next Synod meet at Philadelphia, upon the third Wed-
nesday of September next, at two o'clock, afternoon.
Concluded with prayer.
11
82 MINUTES OF TILE [1726.
1796.
PhiladelpMa, September 21, 1726.
The Synod mot by their delegates according to appointment.
Lbi pout preccs sederunt
Ministers delegated : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah
Andrews, Eobert Cross, John Thomson, David Evans, Joseph Webb, Alex-
ander Hutchinson, Noyes Parris, Thomas Evans.
Elders delegated : Charles Hofty, William Blair, John Snowden, Alexan-
der MuUestou, James Abraham, Samuel Farriu, John Bravur, David Evans,
Esquire.
Masters Joseph Morgan, William Tennent, Hugh Conn, and Robert
Stewart, delegated ministers, were absent; and Mr. William Tennent was ab-
sent also last year.
Masters James Anderson, Joseph Houston, and Samuel Gelston, were
members occasionally present.
Mr. Thomas Craighead was chosen moderator, and Mr. Webb clerk.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, eight o'clock
22 dnij, at eiylit o'clock, A. M. Post preccs scdcnmt qui supra.
Mr. David Evans, the moderator of the last Synod, opened the Synod by
preaching a sermon from Acts v. 42.
Ordered, That the last year's minutes be read.
Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Craighead, Anderson, Thomson, and Cross, ap-
pointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod
shall recommend to them.
Mr. Houston appointed to preach on Friday night.
Mr. Thomas Evans and Mr. Alexander Hutchinson appointed to revise the
Presbytery book of Long Island; Mr. Noyes Parris and Mr. Joseph Webb
appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. The Presbytery
book of Philadelphia was not brought to the Synod.
Inquiry being made who had made any collections for the fund, it was
found that these following had done it, Mr. Malachi Jones, Mr. llobert Cross,
Mr. John Thomson, and Mr. David Evans.
Ordered, That the ministers here present should represent to the several
Presbyteries, that there be yearly something done for the fund as was formerly
appointed.
It appearing that the commission of the Synod had done something relating
to the fund. Ordered, That they bring in an account of it to the Synod to-
morrow morning.
The committee for the fund appointed to meet at three o'clock post mcrid.
together with the commissioners of the Synod.
A reference from the Presbytery of Long-Island was brought in, and the
papers relating to it were read, and the consideration of that affair deferred till
next sederunt.
Adjourned till five o'clock, j^ost merid.
At jive o'clock, P. M. p)ost preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the Presbytery books that are here, bo- brought in by the
members appointed to revise them, to-morrow morning.
The commissioners of the Synod brought in an account to the Synod of
what tlicy had done respecting the change of a mortgage from Joseph Harri-
son, wliich was approved.
Ordered, That the affair referred to the Synod by the Presbytery of Long.-
Island, be referred to the committee for an overture upon it, to be brought in
next sederunt.
1726.] SYNOD OP PHILADELPHIA. 83
A repre^ntation being made from the Presbytery of New Castle, of the
conduct of Mr. Gilbert Teunent, respecting his leaving of New Castle, desiring
the judgment of the Synod in that affair ; it was concluded that the said Mr.
I'ennent's steps were too hasty and unadvised in several particulars ; and ac-
cordingly ordered the moderator to reprove him, and withal exhort him unto
more caution and deliberation in his future proceedings.
Mr. William Tennent, by his son, offered the reasons of his absence, which,
were sustained.
The committee appointed to meet to-morrow morning at eight o'clock.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
23cZ day at ten d clock, A. M. postjyreces sederunt quisupra.
The Presbytery books that were here were brought in and approved.
The committee met according to appointment, and brought in overtures upon
the affair of New York congregation, (which was referred to the Synod by the
Presbytery of Long-Island,) which overture, (after reading and mature delibe-
ration had upon them,) were unanimously approved, and ordered to be trans-
cribed and inserted in our minutes. The overtures are as followeth :
Overtured, That Dr. Nicholls' conduct, (as represented to us by the elders
and representatives of the Presbyterian congregation of New York,) appears
unjustiiiable and unbecoming the gospel; and we cannot but judge it to be so
in the following respects, (until we are otherwise informed,) viz :
1. In his disposing of the money sent from Great Britain for the payment
of the Church's debt, without consulting the representatives, who are equally
concerned with him in the affair.
2. In refusing to cancel or deliver up the bonds paid with the public
money.
3. In exacting interest in such a rigorous manner, for money laid out for
promoting the interest of Christ, as he at first professed.
4. In disregarding the Presbytery, and not attending the Synod in the affair
of the representation, when he was apprized that the affair was referred to the
Synod.
5. In applying to Boston for a minister without the concurrence of Presby-
tery or Synod, or the elders and representatives of the congregation.
Overtured further. That a letter be wrote to Dr. Nicholl, expressing the
mind of the Synod fully with respect to his conduct. And a letter to the
ministers of Boston not to countenance the Doctor in this matter, until he give
satisfaction. And a letter to the elders and representatives of New York con-
gregation.
Further overtured, That the Synod, (as things now appear,) doth judge it to
be the -duty of Dr. Nicholl, to give such satisfaction to the said representatives
in the affair of the public money and bonds, as will appear satisfactory in the
judgment of the Synod or the commissioners of the Synod. Until which time
the Synod cannot concur with him in any of his endeavours for obtaining a
minister.
Overtured, That the Synod are willing to contribute their best endeavours
for the good of the congregation of New York, and (in case of Mr. Anderson's
removal,) take care to provide supplies for them while vacant, and provide a
pastor for them as soon as Providence may open a door. And for this purpose
do recommend them to the care of the Presbytery of Long-Island, to which
they belong, together with such correspondents from the Presbytery of Phila-
delphia as may be thought needful.
Overtured, That Mr. Anderson, (according to his desire,) be left at his
liberty to remove from New York, and to accept of a call from any other peo-
ple, as Providence may determine ; and the congregation of New York be at
84 MINUTES OF THE [1726.
liberty to call anotbor minister, (in an orderly way,) as soon as tbcy sball pay
up wbat arrears appear justly due to Mr. Anderson.
Overtured, That a letter be wrote to Mr. Smith in answer to his to the Synod,
letting him know, that the Synod will not remit that money for which Mr.
McNish's estate stands obliged, and that he take care about it; and likewise a
letter be wrote to 3Ir. William Tennent, of the same purport.
Ordered, That Messrs. Jones and Andrews write the letter to the ministers
of Boston ; Messrs. Thomson and David Evans to Dr. NichoU ; Messrs. Thomas
Evans and Webb to the congregation of New York; and Messrs. Gelston and
Parris, those to Mr. Tennent and Mr. Joseph Smith, and that they be brought
into the Synod to-raorrow morning.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At 3 o'clock, P. 31. Post 2yreces sedenmt qui svpra.
An appeal from some members of Mr. Houston's congregation being presented
to the Synod, and all papers relating to that affair being read, as also all that
the parties had to say patiently heard, the consideration thereof was deferred
till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
24</i day at c'ujlit o'clock, A. M. jjost j)reccs sedenint qui supra.
The letters mentioned in a former minute were all brought in and ap-
proved.
The affair of the abovesaid appeal being reassumed, and much time spent in
debating and considering of it, it was put to vote, whether approve or disap-
prove of the Presbytery's conduct with respect to the matter of said appeal,
and it was carried in the affirmative nemine contradiccnte. Upon the whole,
the Synod after mature deliberation, do judge that the appellants have acted
irregular in separating from the congi-egation whereof they are members, and
going about to build a separate meeting-house, which seems to have a visible
tendency to the hurt and detriment of the interest of Christ and religion ia
that place. And do further judge the treatment they have given to the Pres-
bytery of New Castle, as appears by their own papers, to be unjustifiable and
justly censurable, and do exhort said persons to return to the congregation to
which they belong, and endeavour to maintain the unity of the spirit in the
bond of peace.
A call from the people of Dunogall to the llev. Mr. James Anderson, being
presented to the Synod, the Synod recommended said call to Mr. Anderson for
his consideration about it.
Adjourned till two o'clock, post merid.
At ticoo'cloch, P. M. post preces sederitnf qui supra.
There being from time to time complaints of the weakness and deficiency
of Mr. llobert Laing, rendering his exercise of the ministerial function a de-
triment to the interest of religion, and rather a scandal than an help to the
gospel ; the Synod advise him to demit the whole exercise of the ministry,
and not to take it up again but by the approbation of at least three ministers of
the Presbytery wherein he may reside ; the said Mr. Laing did quietly and
humbly acquiesce in the aforesaid advice. And there being a motion made,
that in case Mr. ]jaing should remove unto some place in the skirts of the
Synod, so that the commissioners may not be apprized of his circumstances
in order to his relief, should there be need of it, that any member or members
of the Synod administering to his necessities in a prudent way, (wherein they
shall be accountable to the Synod,) may be reiml»ursed by the Synod. The
said motion was approved of by the Synod, the said 31r. Laing bringing with
1727.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 85
him such credentials as may testify of his good moral behaviour. And the
Synod did, for the present, in testimony of their compassion, give him out of
the fund the sum of forty shillings.
Mr. Webb giving account of some difficulties in his congregation, which he
hoped might be healed by a committee appointed by the Synod, it was (in
compliance with his desire,) ordered, that Messrs. Morgan, Anderson, Cross,
Pierson, Gelston, Jonathan Dickinson, and Andrews, should be the said com-
mittee, and meet at Newark on the fourth Wednesday of October next, to act
with the full power of the Synod in all matters that may be laid before them
with respect to that congregation, and bring an account of what they do to the
next Synod.
Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Evans, Anderson, Cross, and Jonathan Dickinson,
continued to be the commissioners of the Synod, with the same power as for-
merly.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, then to meet at
Philadelphia at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
1727.
SeptemUr 20th, 1727.
The full Synod met at Philadelphia according to appointment, when j^ost
preces sederunt,
Ministers : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead,
John Thomson, James Anderson, Joseph Morgan, George Gillespie, Hugh
Conn, William Stewart, John Pierson, David Evans, William Tennent,
Samuel Gelston, Joseph Houston, John Bradner, Thomas Evans, Henry
Hook, Nathaniel Hubbill, Alexander Hutchinson, Gilbert Tennent, Joseph
Webb, Archibald McCook, Adam Boyd.
Elders present : Messrs. Joseph Charlesworth, John Snowden, John Mont-
gomery, Archibald Smith, James Mitchell, John Hutten, Joseph Steel, James
Abraham, James Smith, Joseph Thomas, Jacob King, Samuel Allen, David
Lawson, Arthur Park.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Pumry, Robert
Cross, Noyes Parris.
Mr. John Pierson was chosen moderator, and Mr. Thomas Evans clerk.
Mr. Craighead opened the Synod by preaching a sermon from 1 Tim. iv.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
21 day, at eight dcloch, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and Orme, gave by letters the reasons
of their absence, which were sustained.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
Masters William Tennent, Conn, and Stewart, gave the reasons of their
absence last Synod, which were sustained.
Masters Jones, Andrews, Craighead, Anderson, Thomson, and the mode-
rator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business that
the Synod shall recommend to them.
Masters Bradner and William Tennent appointed to revise the Presbytery
book of New Castle. The Presbytery books of Long Island and Philadelphia
were not brought to the Synod, and the reasons thereof were sustained.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the Synod, it was found
that Mr. Andrews had brought somewhat.
The committee for the fund appointed to meet at three o'clock, post meri-
diem, together with the commission of the Synod.
A petition and other papers being brought into the Synod by Dr. Nicolls,
86 MINUTES OF THE [1727.
they were read, and referred to the consideration of the committee to bring in
overtures upon them.
The transactions of the committee last year appointed to meet at Newark,
were brought in, read, and approved.
Masters Jones, Andrews, David Evans, Cross, Jonathan Dickinson, and
Pierson, appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
A letter was presented to the Synod from the ministers of Boston, in New
England, as also another from the Presbyterian congregation at New York,
referring to the ordination of Mr. Pembcrton, and his settlement at New York,
and proposing his admission as a member of the Synod ; both which being
read, the consideration of that whole afiuir was referred to the committee to
bring in an overture upon it.
Adjoui'ned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
22 day, at eight o'clock, ante 7neri(Iicm, post preces, sederunt qui supra.
Ovcrtured, upon the affair of the congregation at New York, That, although
the Synod, according to the representat on then made to them, saw cause last
year to find fault with several parts of Dr. Nicoll's management with respect
to the public money belonging to the congregation there, yet inasmuch as the
body of that congregation have signified by their letter to this Synod, tliat they
are fully satisfied with the Doctor's accounts and conduct in that affair, the
Synod think they have no more to do in that matter, saving still the right and
privilege of the representatives or others, hereafter to remonstrate their dis-
satisfactions, if they have any, in a regular way before Presbytery or Synod;
which overture was approved of.
And as to the call and settlement of the Rev. Mr. Pembcrton at New York,
the Synod does declare that the rules of our Presbyterian constitution were
not observed in several respects by that congregation in that matter. This
also passed by the Synod, nemine contradicentc
And it was put to the vote, Keceive or delay the receiving of Mr. I^ember-
ton as a member of this Synod ; and it was carried for delaying, which delay
did not flow from any disrespect to Mr. I'emberton, or any fault objected
against him, but from other reasons.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post meridiem.
Three o'clocJc, P. M. Post jircces, sederunt qui supra.
The further consideration of the affair of New York defended till to-morrow
morning.
Two letters were brought in, one from the party dissenting from Mr. Hous-
ton's congregation, and another from the said congregation, which were re-
ferred to the committee to bring in overtures upon them.
A supplication from a party of JMr. Boyd's congregation, referred also to
the committee for the same purpose.
The committee appointed to meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow, ante meridiem.
23 daj/. Ten o'clocJc, ante meridiem. Post preccs, sederunt qui sup)-a.
The affair of New York continued.
The affair relating to 31r. Houston's congregation and the disaffected neigh-
bours, reassumed.
Ovcrtured, upon the affair of Elk River, That inasmuch as although both
the Presbytery of New Castle and our Synod have condemned the proceed-
ings of that party, who have supplicated for a new erection, yet they appear-
ing constantly and firmly resolved not to be reconciled to that congregation as
a part of it, in order to attend God's worship in their old meeting-house, by
1727.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 87
reason of feuds and differences arising between them and some of the mem-
bers of that congregation j and inasmuch as the erecting of that party as a dis-
tinct separate congregation as yet, appears to have an evident tendency to
weaken and disable, if not utterly destroy that congregation, by reason of the
paucity and poverty of the inhabitants of our persuasion there, partly by
reason of the ill situation of the new-meeting-house, which, upon supposition
of a new erection, will infer a necessity of joining a considerable part of Mr.
Houston's congregation with that new erection, the Synod being desirous of
taking healing as well as just measures to determine in that affair, do judge as
followeth, viz.
First, That that party be allowed to have a new meeting-house in some
part of their side of the congregation, yet still to remain a part of that con-
gregation until the Presbytery or Synod have more encouragement for a new
erection.
Secondly, That in order to this, the new meeting-house be removed to any
place above six miles distance in a direct line from the old meeting-house,
which the said supplicants shall agree upon, and that it be seven miles from
any other.
Thirdly, That upon the compliance of said party with said terms, Mr.
Houston's congregation shall contribute to the removal of the said new meet-
ing-house in proportions to their subscriptions.
Or, that those supplicants shall be erected into a separate congregation as
soon as they, at their own exj^ense, do remove their new meeting-house as
aforesaid, and that none that are now orderly members of Mr. Houston's con-
gregation, shall be received as members of said erection without the consent
of the congregation, or order of the Presbytery.
This overture was read before the Synod, and all parties being patiently
heard in what they had to offer upon it, and after considerable reasoning upon
the whole affair, parties being removed, it was put to the vote, whether this
overture should be approved or not, and it was carried in the affirmative unani-
mously, save only one dissentient.
Ordered, That no minister preach in the said new meeting-house while in
that place where it now is.
The committee appointed to meet at eight o'clock, Monday morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, Monday morning.
25 day, Monday, ten d'cloclc, A. M. post preces, sederunt qui stipra.
The affair of New York was reassumed.
Masters Andrews, Morgan, Jonathan Dickinson, Pierson, and "Webb, ap-
pointed to be a committee to meet at New York to accommodate matters of
difference between that congregation and the Presbytery of Long Island, and
also any other differences that may be among themselves about their church
settlement, and particularly to receive Mr. Pemberton as a member of the
Synod, or not, as they shall see cause. As to the time of the meeting of the
said committee, it is determined that it shall be at such time as the congrega-
tion of New York shall agree upon, they giving reasonable notice to the mem-
bers of the committee, and the Presbytery of Long Island, that they may meet
there together.
Ordered, That a letter be writ to the congregation at New York by Mr.
Andrews and the moderator, and another to the Presbytery of Long Island by
Ma.sters Anderson and Thomson.
And it was further Ordered, That the said committee shall write to Scot-
land, giving an account of the affairs of New York congregation, at their own
discretion.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
88 MINUTES OF THE [1728.
Three o^cloch, P. M. Post preces, sederunt qui supra.
A paper of protest was brought into the Synod, after all business was done,
by Messrs. Jones, David Evans, AVebb, and Ilubbell, which was ordered to
be kept in reicntis.
Adjourned till the third "Wednesday of September next, and then to meet
at Philadelphia.
1728.
Sqytcmhcr 18, 1728.
The delegated Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment.
Ubi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, John Thom-
son, James Anderson, Joseph Morgan, Ueorge Gillespie, John Pierson, Wil-
liam Tennent, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Houston, Gilbert Tennent, Archibald
McCook, Adam Boyd, Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Pumry, Robert Cross,
Noyes Parris.
Elders: Messrs. John Budd, John Cochran, Archibald Smith, Richard
Allison, John Hutton, John Cross, Robert Linton, Moses Rolph, Roger Train,
Arthur Park, Nathaniel Hazzard, William More.
Mr. Andrews was chosen moderator, and Mr. Boyd was chosen clerk.
Mr. Pierson opened the Synod with a sermon upon 2 Tim. iii. 5.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
Masters Craighead, William Tennent, Anderson, Thomson, Cross, Dickinson,
and the moderator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other
business that the Synod shall recommend to them.
Masters Houston and Boyd ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Phila-
delphia.
Masters William Tennent and Pierson appointed to revise the Presbytery
book of New Castle.
The Presbytery book of Long Island was not brought, and the reason of it
was sustained.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that Mr. Anderson had brought somewhat. And it was recommended, that
the appointment in reference to the raising collections for the fund be carefully
observed for the future.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at eight o'clock, to-morrow,
ante merid. together with the commissioners of the Synod.
Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and Gillespie,
appointed to be the commissioners of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Ordered, That the committee appointed last year to go to New York, bring
in their minutes relating to that affair to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow, ante meridiem.
Idih day, ten o^docJc, A. JI. jwst preces, sederunt qui supra.
Agreed that the interest of Mr. William Tennent's bond be remitted till
this time. Agreed to take Mr. Tennent's own bond for that money due to the
Synod for which Mr. McNish's estate was engaged.
Ordered that the committee meet at four o'clock.
Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid.
At Jive o'clock, P. M. ptost preces sedenint qui supra.
The committee appointed last Synod to meet at New York, in order to
inspect into the affairs of that congregation, as also to consult about Mr. Pem-
berton's admission as a member of the Synod, having produced theij minutes,
1728.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 89
and the said minutes being read and considered,* the following questions were
proposed to the vote of the Synod.
1. Whether the committee had authority from the Synod to consider the
admission of Mr. Pemberton as a member of the Synod, without previously
* The minutes of the committee that met at New York, November 15, 1727.
Neiu York, November 15, 1727.
According to the appointment of the Synod of Philadelphia, the committee for the affair
of the Presbyterian congregation at New York, convened at New York the time above
mentioned, ubi post preces sederunt, Messrs. Morgan, Pierson, Webb, and Jonathan Dick-
inson. Mr. Pierson chosen moderator, and Mr. Dickinson clerk.
Mr. AVebb having at the Synod last sitting at Philadelphia, signed a protestation and
withal declared his purpose to join no more with the Synod, he does now before this
committee retract that his declaration of withdrawal from the Synod, and declare hia
future purpose of continuing a member of and joining with the Synod.
Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid.
At five o'clock, post merid. post preces sederunt qui supra.
After hearing several debates between Dr. Nicoll and some others fhat offered com-
plaints against Dr. Nicoll, the committee saw it necessary to put off the further consid-
eration thereof till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock.
IQth day at nine o'' clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair between Dr. Nicoll and some others of this congregation being reassumed,
the Committee found it necessary to defer it till the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post merid.
At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee having used their endeavours to procure a reconciliation between Dr.
Nicoll and Masters Liddell, Blake, and Ingliss, and to have the differences between them
relating to the Presbyterian church at New York amicably healed, have the satisfaction
and comfort of their coming now into an happy agreement on these following terms.
1. That Masters Liddel, Blake, and Ingliss, shall, as soon as with conveniency it can
be done, make over and convey all their right, title, and interest in the Presbyterian
church or meeting-house in New York, to the Rev. Masters William Mitchell, William
Wisheart, William Hamilton, Miller, and Hart, ministers in Edinburgh, in
North Britain, and to Dr. John Nicoll abovesaid, in trust for the use of the Presbyterian
Congregation in New York, and to and for no other use whatsoever. And that by the
same instrument of conveyance, they authorize and impower the Presbytery of Edin-
burgh, for the time being, from time to time, and at any time hereafter, to appoint and
put in trust, under their hands and seals, whomsoever they shall think proper, in the
room and place and with the full power and authority of any of the said gentlemen
above mentioned, upon his or their death, and of all of them successively upon their
decease.
2. That Dr. Nicoll do cancel and make void what bonds of the said Liddel, Blake, and
Ingliss, he has in his hands, either given to him by them, or assigned to him by any
others that were given on account of the said Presbyterian church or meeting-house in
New York, and that he free and indemnify them from all former obligations to him on ac-
count of said church, and particularly from a bond conjunctly given by him and them
unto Mr. Samuel Bayard.
3. That the said Dr. Nicoll do give a bond of two thousand pounds to the above mentioned
ministers of Edinburgh, that neither he nor his heirs shall alienate his or their right,
title, or interest, in the above mentioned church, or meeting-house, or the ground there-
unto belonging, from the use of a Presbyterian congregation in New York, for ever. And
also that, as soon as the said Dr. Nicoll shall be paid and reimbursed what is due to him
on account of the said church, or meeting-house, and ground, that he will also make
over his right and interest in the said house and ground, to the above mentioned minis-
ters of Edinburgh, in the same form, and to the same intents and purposes as the said
Liddel, Blake, and Ingliss, shall do. And also, that Dr. Nicoll shall oblige himself by a
bond of five hundred pounds, to be given to Masters John Pierson, Robert Cross, and
Jonathan Dickinson, that, notwithstanding his mortgage upon the said church, or meeting-
12
90 MINUTES OF THE [1728.
considering what the Presbytery of Long-Island had to offer in that affair. Car-
ried in the negative by a great majority.
.2. Whether the Synod approve of the conduct of the committee with relation
to the divisions of the said congregation. Carried in the affirmative nemine
contradifxnte.
3. "Whether Mr. Pemberton be allowed as a member of this Synod, by virtue
of what the committee has done. Carried in the negative.
4. "Whether notwithstanding of all the irregularity that was in the accession
of Mr. Pemberton to New York, the Synod do now accept him as a member.
Carried in the affirmative ni-mine confradiccnie.
And it is left to Mr. Pemberton and the congregation, to join what Presby-
tery they shall think fit.
Diverse papers of complaint against Mr. Morgan were read, the consideration
of them deferred till to-morrow.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow, A. M.
20th daij at cii/Jit o'clock, ante merid. pos^t preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Mr. Morgan reassumed, and the further consideration of it
deferred till afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three dcloch, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
As to the accusations against Mr. Morgan, the Synod judges in the several
articles as followeth.
As to the first article the Synod judges that Mr. Morgan's declaration of his
judgment in that affair is satisfactory.
house, he ^111 concur with such men as the said ministers of Edinburgh shall ap-
point, in the sale of such pews in the said church as shall be ordered to be sold by the
major part of the said Presbyterian congregation in New York.
4. It is also agreed by Dr. Nicoll, that no reparation or addition shall be made to the
eaid church without the consent and direction of the major part of the congregation, and
upon their charge.
5. It is agreed, that the congregation shall, if they please, by a majority of votes,
choose five men as public managers or representatives. And the said Dr. Nicoll does
also agree that whosoever of the congregation desires it, shall have copies at their own
charge, of whatever papers are now in his hands that refer to the building of the Pres-
byterian church in New York.
As an evidence that the abovesaid Masters Liddel, Blake, and Ingliss, do consent and
agree to all the abovesaid articles, they hereunto set their hands in the presence of the
committee.
John Nicoll,
Thomas Ingliss,
John Blakk,
Joseph Liddell.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock.
17 day, at nine o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Being proposed to the committee, and agreed upon by Dr. Nicoll and several members
of the congregation, that there be two men chosen by tlie congregation to account with
said Dr. Nicoll. from time to time, for whatever money he shall receive towards the pay-
ment of the debt due to him from the church, the committee approve of the overture and
recommend it to the congregation.
Mr. Pemberton appearing before this committee and desiring admission, as a member
of the Synod of PhihidelpLia, promised upon such admission all subjection to the said
Synod in the Lord, the committee can see no reason why such admission sliould be re-
fused or delayed, and do therefore admit him as a member of the said Synod.
The cnmmittee having received a letter from the commission of the General Assembly
of the Ciiurch of Scotland, wrote an answer thereunto, representing thereby the present
Btate of the congregation of New York, and then concluded.
1728.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 91
As to the second article the Synod judges that it laid no foundation for a
public accusation.
As to the third article, the Synod agree that Mr. Morgan's answer in refer-
ence thereto is sufficient, and that the accusers had no just ground of separa-
tion on that score.
As to the fourth article, 1. The Synod do bear their strongest testimony
against the practice of judicial astrology. 2. That the Synod think they have
sufficient evidence that Mr. Morgan is far from approving that art, and has
given all his accusers sufficient grounds of satisfaction in that matter, both pub-
licly and privately. 3. The Synod judge Mr. Morgan's accusers to be very
culpable in bringing in this article against him, when they have sat peaceably
under his ministry, and partook with him in sealing ordinances many years
after the things were done that they complain of 4. And after all, the Synod
cannot clear Mr. Morgan from imprudence and misconduct in making the two
alleged experiments of that kind, if the reports be true, were his ends never
so good and laudable.
As to the fifth article, although the Synod do not approve promiscuous
dancing, yet they judge it a clear indication of the captious and querulous
spirit of Mr. Morgan's accusers, that they offijr such a complaint against him.
As to the sixth article, the Synod have satisfying evidence that the accusa-
tion is false in fact.
As to the seventh article, it also appears to the Synod, (notwithstanding any
evidence brought to confirm it,) to be a groundless prosecution against one,
who has ever been esteemed a temperate man. However, if there be any
other evidence against Mr. Morgan in this article, as is alleged by some of his
accusers, they may offer such evidence to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, to
which Mr. Morgan belongs.
There being an overture presented to the Synod in writing, having reference
to the subscribing of the Confession of Faith, &c. the Synod judging this
to be a very important affair, unanimously concluded to defer the considera-
tion of it till the next Synod ; withal recommending it to the members of each
Presbytery present to give timeous notice thereof to the absent members, and
it is agreed that the next be a full Synod.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning.
21st day at nine dcloclc, A. M. ])ost 2'>'>'eces sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia having referred the consideration of an
appeal, from sundry persons excommunicated by Mr. Jones, to the Synod,
the Synod have deferred the same till Monday morning at ten o'clock, in order
that Mr. Jones may have notice thereof; also ordered, that the appellant give
Mr. Jones an account of this minute this day.
The Synod having considered the affair of the people that appealed to them
from the Presbytery of New Castle, came to this conclusion, that the minutes
of the last year's Synod with respect to them be complied with ; and further
agree that they shall build no other meeting-house in another place besides
that chosen by them, without the approbation of the Presbytery or Synod
first obtained.
Adjourned till eight o'clock on Monday morning.
2o(Z day, at eight ddoch, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Letters came to the Synod from Mrs. Catharine Wood, who stands excom-
municated by the Baptist Church in Philadelphia, complaining against the
censure of that Church, and desiring the Synod to relieve her ; which being
considered by an interloquitur of the Synod, it was agreed that a letter should
be writ to that church, desiring a conference between three or four of them and
92 MINUTES OF THE [1729.
as many of us relating to that affair ', which letter being wrote and delivered,
and no answer from them yet come, the Synod agreed to leave the considera-
tion of any answer that might be brought, and what else may occur about that
matter, to the management of the commission of the Synod, the time of the
Synod's sitting being near expired.
The Synod having received several letters from sundry persons at New York,
full of complaints against diverse persons, without timeously advertising said
persons thereof, for ought that we know, that they might take measures to
justify themselves, the Synod would take no cognizance of these complaints
by reason of the ab.sence of the parties complained of, but remit them to the
Presbytery, which the congregation shall be annexed unto by their own choice,
to inspect into these matters, and withal do earnestly request all parties there
to lay aside all heats and animosities, and endeavour for peace as much as pos-
sible. In the mean time the Synod allows the complainants, viz : Masters
Blake, Ingliss, and Liddell, to join with any neighbouring congregation of our
communion, as to sacramental communion, until said differences are happily
removed. And it is the advice of the Synod, that the contending parties there
about accounts, do choose suitable persons to adjust and settle them. And for
the demand of Mr. Anderson of money, that he says is due to him, the Synod
do earnestly recommend it to the congregation to inspect into that affair, Mr.
Andenson being willing to I'cfer his demand to the judgment of any prudent
indifferent persons, that themselves shall choose, which in the judgment of
the Synod is so fair on his side, that they cannot but think it must needs lead
to an end of that di"fference.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three o^doch, P. 31. jiost preces sederunt qui supra.
Six persons that were excommunicated by the Rev. Mr. Malachi Jones,
namely, George Renock and his wife, Robert Poke, William Rcnock and his
wife, and Henry Jameson, appealing to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, from
the sentence of excommunication passed against them, and the Presbytery
having referred that matter to the determination of the Synod ; after hearing
two of the appellants and two of Mr. Jones's church, (whereof one was an
elder,) declaring what they knew of the offences charged against the appel-
lants, as also read and considered the extract of the minutes of the excommu-
nication ; the Synod, after due deliberation, came to this conclusion : That
whereas the appellants do freely own, in their own names, and in the names
of them that are absent, their breaking away from the communion of ]\Ir.
Jones's church, without previous application made for certificates of dismis-
sion, was a disorder and a fault for which they are very sorry, and do ask for-
giveness of God and all those that they did offend by this disorderly step ; the
Synod does appoint, that upon -their acknowledging this their offence, by a
writing read or offered to be read in 3Ir. Jones's congregation, the said appel-
lants shall be absolved from the aforesaid sentence, and so be free to join with
what congregation they please.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia at 11 o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1729.
September llth, 1729.
The Synod met according to appointment, uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, John Thom-
son, James Anderson, John Pierson, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Houston, Gil-
bert Tennent, Adam Boyd, Jonathan Dickinson, John Bradner, Hutchinson,
Thomas Evans, Daniel Elmer, Stevenson, William Tennent, Hugh Conn,
John Ormc, George Gillespie, John Willson.
1729.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 93
Elders : Messrs. John Budd, William Blair, John Allen, James Galbreath,
Moses Rolf, John Thomson, John Devor, Solomon Carpenter, William Wil-
liams, Edmund Crapper, Jonathan Fithian, George Renocks, John Cross.
Ministers absent: Masters Joseph Morgan, Pemberton, Cross, Webb,
Pumry, Stewart, and Hook.
Mr. Andrews opened the Synod with a sermon on Col. iii. 17.
Mr. Anderson chosen moderator, and Mr. Thomas Evans clerk.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
18 day, at eight o'doch, A. M. post preces sederunt qui snpra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
In calling over the roll we found that since our last the Rev. Mr. Malachi
Jones, heretofore a member with us, and the Rev. Mr. Archibald McCook,
were departed this life.
The Synod inquiring into the reasons of the absence of Mr. Parris, were
informed that he is disorderly withdrawn, and gone to New England, under
the imputation of scandal, and it is ordered, that Mr. Dickinson do write a
letter to Boston relating the circumstances of said affair.
Masters Andrews, Dickinson, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Conn, Budd,
and the moderator, be a committee for the fund, or any other business that the
Synod shall recommend unto them.
Masters Houston and Bradner ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Phi-
ladelphia, and Masters Gilbert Tennent and Elmer to revise the Presbytery
book of New Castle. The Presbytery book of Long Island was absent.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that the members have been generally defective in that matter, and it was re-
commended that the appointment in reference to the raising collections for the
fund, be carefully observed for the future, and that the Synod's letter relating
to it be read yearly in the congregations within our bounds as formerly.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at three o'clock, P. M. to-
gether with the commission of the Synod.
Masters Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and Gillespie,
appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year.
The affair relating to the confession under our consideration since our last,
is referred to the committee to draw up an overture upon it.
Inquiry being made with respect to Mrs. Catharine Wood, it was found
that endeavours had been used in order to accommodate said affair, but to little
purpose hitherto; and the said affair is wholly left to the management of any
Presbytery to which she shall apply, as they shall see cause. And the better
to enable the said Presbytery to conduct themselves in it, the Synod, having
been informed that her old friends, the Baptists, say that they have nothing to
object against her, and that any other society are at liberty to receive her, if
they shall see cause, they do judge that she is virtually released from the cen-
sure she laid under, and therefore that she may be received as a member of a
Christian church, if the differences between her husband and her were accom-
modated, for any thing that appears to them.
The Synod being informed that our former minute relating to arrears claimed
by Mr. Anderson from the congregation at New York, was not complied
with, they do recommend the said affair to the inspection of the Presbytery
of Philadelphia.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning.
19 day, at nine o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read.
The Rev. Mr. John Willson coming providentially into these parts, signify-
94 MINUTES OF THE [1729
ing his desire of being admitted as a member of the Synod, his credentials
being read, and the Synod satisfied therewith, he was unanimously received.
The couiniittee brought in an overture upon the affair of the confession,
which, after long debating upon it, was agreed upon in h;vc verba.
Although tlie Synod do not claim or pretend to any authority of imposing
our faith upon other men's consciences, but do profess our just dissatisfaction
with, and abhorrence of such impositions, and do utterly disclaim all legisla-
tive power and authority in the Church, being willing to receive one another
as Christ has received us to the glory of God, and admit to fellowship in
sacred ordinances, all such as we have grounds to believe Christ will at last
admit to the kingdom of heaven, yet we are undoubtedly obliged to take care
that the faith once delivered to the saints be kept jjure and uncorrupt among
us, and so handed down to our posterity ; and do therefore agree that all the
ministers of this Synod, or that shall hereafter be admitted into this Synod,
shall declare their agreement in, and approbation of, the Confession of Faith,
with the Larger and Shorter Catechisms of the Assembly of Divines at West-
minster, as being in all the essential and necessary articles, good forms of
sound words and systems of Christian doctrine, and do also adopt the said
Confession and Catechisms as the confession of our faith. And we do also
agree, that all the Presbyteries within our bounds shall always take care not
to admit any candidate of the ministry into the exercise of the sacred function
but what declares his agreement in opinion with all the essential and neces-
sary articles of said Confession, either by subscribing the said Confession of
Faith and Catechisms, or by a verbal declaration of their assent thereto, as
such minister or candidate shall think best. And in case any minister of this
Synod, or any candidate for the ministry, shall have any scruple with respect
to any article or articles of said Confession or Catechisms, he shall at the
time of his making said declaration declare his sentiments to the Presbytery or
Synod, who shall, notwithstanding, admit him to the exercise of the ministry
within our bounds, and to ministerial communion, if the Synod or Presbytery
shall judge his scruple or mistake to be only about articles not essential and
necessary in doctrine, worship, or government. But if the Synod or Presby-
tery shall judge such ministers or candidates erronoous in essential and neces-
sary articles of faith, the Synod or Presbytery shall declare them uncapable of
communion with them. And the Synod do solemnly agree, that none of us
will traduce or use any opprobrious terms of those that differ from us in these
extra-essential and not necessary points of doctrine, but treat them with the
same friendship, kindness, and brotherly love, as if they had not differed from
us in such sentiments.
Mr. Morgan sent a letter to the Synod giving his reasons for his absence,
which were sustained.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three o'clock, P. 31. jjost j)rcccs sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read.
All the ministers of this Synod now present, except one that declared him-
self not prepared, viz. Masters Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, John
Thomson, James Anderson, John Pierson, Samuel (ielston, Joseph Houston,
Gilbert Teuneut, Adam ]^'»yd, Jonathan Dickinson, John ]}radner, Alexan-
der Hutchinson, Thomas Fvans, Hugh Steveui50n, William Tennent, Hugh
Conn, George Gillespie, and John \\'illson, after proposing all the scruples
that any of them had to make against any articles and expressions in the
Confession of Faith and Larger and Shorter Catechisms of the Assembly
of Divines at AVestminster, have unanimously agreed in the solution of those
scruples, and in declaring the said Confession and Catechisms to be the con-
1729.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 95
fession of their faith, excepting only some clauses in the twentieth and twenty-
third chapters, concerning which clauses the Synod do unanimously de-
clare, that they do not receive those articles in any such sense as to suppose
- the civil magistrate hath a controlling power over Synods with respect to the
exercise of their ministerial authority ; or power to persecute any for their
religion, or in any sense contrary to the Protestant succession to the throne of
Great Britain.
The Synod observing that unanimity, peace, and unity, which appeared in
all their consultations and determinations relating to the affair of the Confes-
sion, did unanimously agree in giving thanks to God in solemn prayer and
praises.
A supplication from the congregation of New London, as also another sup-
plication from the congregation of Upper Elk, being read and heard, the con-
sideration of them was delayed till our next.
Ordered, That Masters William Tennent, and Gilbert Tennent, Willson, and
Elmer, be a committee to inspect into the business between Mr. Bradner and
Samuel Nealy, which was transmitted from the committee to the Synod.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning.
20th day at nine o^ clock, A. 31. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read.
The affair of New London and the congregation of Upper Elk was reassumed,
and after a long debate and deliberate consideration upon it, the Synod agreed
to abate half a mile of the distance from the meeting-house of Upper Elk,
under which they were limited by a former act of the Synod for building of a
new meeting-house.
Application from the people of "Wallakill being presented to the Synod by
their commissioner, John McNeal, representing their request of supplies of
preaching among them, they were recommended to the care of the Presbytery
of Philadelphia.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, Monday morning.
22c? day, at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read.
The committee appointed to inspect into the affair between Mr. Bradner and
Samuel Nealy, brought in their determination upon it, which was approven by
the Synod, and is as follows. Whereas the reverend Synod appointed a com-
mittee to hear and offer an overture upon an affair in debate between Samuel
Nealy and his wife on the one part, and John Carpenter, belonging to Mr.
Bradner's charge, on the other part, issuing in the said Nealy and his wife
their exclusion from sealing ordinances ; it is humbly offered, that according
to what appears to said committee, it is by them resolved, that the Rev. Mr.
Bradner release said Nealy and his wife from the censure they are laid under,
they returning cheerfully and fully to their duty, and that mutual amity and
Christian affection be exercised towards each other by all parties concerned
with relation to this affair.
A motion being made to know the Synod's judgment about the directory,
they gave their sense of that matter in the following words, viz : The Synod
do unanimously acknowledge and declare, that they judge the directory for
worship, discipline, and government of the church, commonly annexed to the
Westminster Confession, to be agreeable in substance to the word of God, and
founded thereupon, and therefore do earnestly recommend the same to all
their members, to be by them observed as near as circumstances will allow,
and Christian prudence direct.
Overtured That the Synod do bear their testimony against, and declare
96 MINUTES OF THE [1730.
their great dissatisfaction at the religious law-suits that are maintainod among
professors of religion, so contrary to that peace and love which the gospel
requires, and the express direction of the Holy Ghost, 1 Cor. vi. 1, 2, 3, and
consequently very much to the scandal of our holy profession. And that,
therefore, the Synod do recommend to all the ministers withiu our bounds, to
use their utmost endeavour to briug their several and respective congregations
into a joint agreement to avoid to their utmost all unnecessary law-suits for
the future, and to refer such differences as cannot be easily accommodated
between the parties themselves, to some prudent, religious, and indifferent
friends, if it may be of our own profession, mutually chosen by the contend-
ing parties, or otherwise, as such society shall think best, to decide and deter-
mine such differences. This overture was approved by the Synod nemine
contradicente.
Mr. Gelstou representing to the Synod, the desire of the congregation of
New London to have indifferent men chosen for a perambulation in order to
accommodate the situation of a meeting-house for them, which being put to
vote, was carried in the negative. Upon which there was a protest presented
against the proceeding of the Synod in this affair, signed by Robert Finney and
James Muir.
Adjoui-ned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Post 'preccs sederunt qui siqira.
Ordered, That the minutes of the Synod be read.
Adjourned till the third \Yednesday of September next, and then to meet a
full Synod at Philadelphia, at eleven o'clock, ante meridiem. Concluded with
prayer.
1730.
The Synod met according to appointment,
September IQih, 1730. Uhipostjyreces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, John Thom-
son, James Anderson, John Pierson, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Houston, Wil-
liam Tenuent, David Evans, Gilbert Tennent, Adam Boyd, Alexander Hutch-
inson, Joseph Morgan, Daniel Elmer, Thomas Evans, Ebenezer Pemberton,
Ebenezer Goold.
Elders : IMessrs. John Budd, John Montgomery, James Turner, Robert
Finney, "William Miller, James AVhitehead, Francis Alexander, William Brad-
ford, Nathaniel Hazzard, Alexander White.
Ministers absent : Messrs. (Voss, Dickinson, Conn, Orme, Stevenson, Stewart,
Bradner, Webb, Pumry, Hook, and Wilson.
Mr. William Tenuent chosen moderator, and Mr. Houston clerk.
Mr. Anderson, the last moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on
1 Tim. vi. 20.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod bo read.
The reasons of Mr. Pemberton's absence last year sustained.
Mr. Dickinson being absent there could be no account of his writing to Now
England in relation to Mr. Parris his irregular withdrawing, according to the
last year's appointment.
Masters Andrews, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Anderson, and the mo-
derator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and for any other business
that the Synod shall recommend unto them.
Masters Boyd and Hutchinson ordered to revise the Pre-sbytery book of
Philadelphia. The Presbytery book of New Castle not being filled up, was
not brought.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
1730.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 97
that Masters Gillespie, Pierson, Boyd, and Houston, had brought collections
which are to be delivered to the committee for the fund. And it is agreed that
. the collections for the fund be continued yearly.
Masters Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and Gillespie, ap-
pointed to be the commissioners of the Synod for the year ensuing.
^ Ordered, That the commissioners of the Synod report what they have done
since the last Synod, after the minutes are read.
_ A letter from Mrs. Catharine Wood to the Synod ; the Synod refers the con-
sideration of said letter to the committee of the Synod.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that what was ordered by the last
Synod in relation to New York congregation and Mr. Anderson, is happily ac-
commodated.
Mr. Elmer desiring time last Synod to consider of the Synod's declaring to
the Westminster Confession and Catechisms, &c. ; and Mr. Morgan and Mr.
Pemberton being absent, do all now report that they have declared before the
Presbytery, and desire that their names be inserted in our Synodical records.
Ordered, That the committee meet to-morrow at eight o'clock, A. M. and the
Synod at ten o'clock, ante merid.
17th day at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Mr. Hook and Mr. Webb sent their letters of excuse for their absence, which
were sustained. Mr. Cross' letter of excuse for this year's absence was not
sustained.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews write to Mr. Bradner, that the plain intent and
meaning of the last year's minute, with respect to him and Samuel Nealy and
his wife, was, that there should be no censure upon Nealy, for things past, but
that Necdi/'s returning to his duty, was, his returning to a Christian deport-
ment to Mr. Bradner as a minister of the gospel, and accordingly Mr. Brad-
ner was to treat him. And it is the judgment of the Synod, that he the said
Nealy, be received to communion unless new matter of scandal appear against
him. ° .
Upon the reading of our last year's minutes in relation to the situation of
Mr. Gelston's meeting-house, that was represented to the Synod by several
members of the New Castle Presbytery, that Mr. Gelston's people have not
fulfilled theorder of the Synod as to the moving of their meeting-house, havino-
entered their protest against the Synod's proceedings in relation thereunto!
The Synod, after much discourse upon this affair, at last came to this resolu-
tion, viz : that certain persons be appointed to perambulate the bounds and
confines of Mr. Houston's and Mr. Gelston's congregations, and to make a
representation of what discoveries they can make, in order to bring the matter
of difference between those congregations to an amicable accommodation; and
if Mr. Gelston's congregation will cordially encourage and support said per-
sons appointed so to perambulate, and also submit to the judgment of the
Synod in pursuance of said perambulation, well ; but if Mr. Gelston's congre-
gation will either not encourage, support, and assist said perambulation, and
do not agree and submit to the judgment of the Synod in pursuance of said
perambulation, then the said congregation from thenceforth, shall not be es-
teemed by this Synod as an orderly congregation, until they by testifying their
repentance, give reasonable satisfaction to this Synod. And in this perambula-
tion respect is to be had also to Mr. Boyd's congregation.
Mr. David Evans having withdrawn from the Synod three years ago, upon
a protest put in by him and some other brethren, declared his hearty concern
for his withdrawal, and desired to be received as a member again. And he
having proposed all the scruples he had to make about any articles of the
13
98 MINUTES OF THE [1730.
Confession and Catechisms, &c. to the satisfaction of the Synod, and declared
his adopting the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms, agreeable
to the last year's adopting act; he was unanimously received in as a member
again j and for his ease is joined to the Presbytery of Philadelphia.
Adjourned till five of the clock, post meridiem.
At Jive of the clock, P. M. post preccs sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read.
Mr. John Budd and Mr. Edward Shippen, of Philadelphia ; John Parry,
jun'r. and James David, of Mr. David Evans's congregation ; and Thomas
James and Joseph Thomas of JMr. Thomas Evans's congregation, are appointed
by the Synod to perambulate the bounds of 3Ir. Gelstou's congregation, accord-
ing to the above minute; and these gentlemen are to have previous and timeous
notice from Mr. Gelston's congregation ; which was agreed by the Synod
nemine contradicente.
Overtured, with respect to Mrs. Catharine AYood, that she may be admitted
to communion for the present, till something further appear than has yet
appeared against her; which overture was approved by the Synod nemine
contradicente.
Whereas some persons have been dissatisfied at the manner of wording our
last year's agreement about the Confession, &c. ; supposing some expressions
not sufficiently obligatory upon intrants ; overtured, that the Synod do now
declare, that they understand these clauses that respect the admission of in-
trants or candidates in such a sense as to oblige them to receive and adopt the
Confession and Catechisms at their admission in the same manner and as fully
as the members of the Synod did that were then present. Which overture was
unanimously agreed to by the Synod.
Thomas Caldwell's affair came under consideration, which was deferred until
to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow, ante meridiem.
IS th day at ten o'cloclc.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of Thomas Caldwell reassumed, wherein he complains of the
records of the Presbytery of New Castle, for charging him as a contentious
person; the Synod after long debate, and hearing all that Thomas Caldwell
had to advance, it was carried by a plurality of votes, that he, the said Thomas
Caldwell, should acquiesce in the credentials the Presbytery of New Castle
has given him.
The Synod having received a letter from New Castle on behalf of Mr. John
Wilson, soliciting that something might be done' to remove some misunder-
standings between the congregation there and the Presbytery, respecting the
conduct of that Presbytery with relation to him ; this brought on a discourse
about Mr. Wilson's behaviour and character, and the transactions of the Pres-
bytery of New Castle, pursuant to the account they had of him ; and the
members of that Pi-esbytery having acquainted the Synod by word and writ-
ing of their carriage towards him, the Synod do judge that, as far as things
appear to us, they are not chargeable with any severity to him, but rather the
contrary.
A letter from Scotland referred to the committee of overtures, to bring in an
overture upon it.
Adjourned to four o'clock, ^os< meridiem.
At four o^ clock, P. M. postpreces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The commissioners of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland^
1731.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 99
having sent over an extract of their act relating to securing the fabrick of the
Presbyterian Church at New York, to the use of a Presbyterian church for
_ ever ; and having ordered Dr. Nicoll, to whom it was sent, to show the same
' to the Synod of their bounds, it was accordingly done ; and the Synod found,
by the testimony of two of the proprietors of that house, that it is secured
according to the terms of their act.
Dr. John Nicoll having wrote to the Synod, about a certain parcel of com-
munion-table linen, which Mr. Anderson has now in possession, alleging that
Mrs. Burnet, that was the first owner, gave said linen to him the said Ander-
son, for the benefit of the church whereof he is or shall be minister ; it is
alleged to the contrary by Dr. Nicoll by letter. The Synod could not deter-
mine any thing in said afiair, but leave it to the clearest proof.
Adjourned till to-morrow, seven o'clock, ante meridiem.
19(h day at seven o' clock, A. M. post jJreces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
A letter from the commissioners of the General Assembly of the church of
Scotland to this Synod, relating to some money willed by the late Rev. Dr.
Daniel Williams, for the propagating of Christian knowledge in foreign parts;
the said letter was read, and much discourse passed relating thereunto ; the
Synod came to this resolution, that Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, and
Budd, deliberate and write to the commissioners of the said General Assembly,
as likewise to the brethren in New England ; which writing is left to the pru-
dence of the said committee.
Agreed that the respective collections for the fund for the year ensuing, may
be disposed of according to the discretion of the ministers and sessions of the
several congregations, and that they give an account of what they do that way
to the next Synod.
It is agreed by the Synod, that Mr. John Peter Miller, a Dutch probationer,
lately come over, be left to the care of the Presbytery of Philadelphia to settle
him in the work of the ministry.
A letter from_ Mr. Robert Gordon to Masters Andrews and Cross, relating
to Mr. John Wilson, read and considered ; the remains of that affair not yet
considered, are left to the discretion, care, and prudence of the Presbytery of
Philadelpliia.
A supplication from Crosswick being read and considered, it is ordered that
Mr. Andrews write to said people at his discretion.
A letter from the committee of a new erection at Boston, being read and
considered, it was ordered that Mr. Craighead write an answer to said letter.
The Presbytery book of Philadelphia brought in and approved.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of 7br. next, at eleven of the clock,
ante merid. and then to meet at Philadelphia a full Synod. Concluded with
prayer.
1731.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
September 15th, 1731. fost preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, John Thomson,
John Pierson, Samuel Gelston, William Tennent, David Evans, George Gil-
lespie, Gilbert Tennent, Adam Boyd, Joseph Morgan, Henry Hook, Ebenezer
Goold, Joseph Webb, Robert Cross, Alexander Hutchinson.
Elders: Messrs. Thomas Craig, James Montgomery, John McClenaghan,
William Emmitt, James Abraham, James Kerr, Francis King, Abraham
Reevs, John Richy, Peter Bushell.
100 MINUTES OF THE [1731.
Ministers absent : Messrs. James Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, Hugh
Conn, John Orme, Stevenson, Stewart, John Bradner, Pumry, Wales, Thomas
Evans, Pcmberton, Elmer, Houston.
Mr. Joseph IMorgan was chosen moderator, and Mr. Andrews clerk.
Mr. William Tennent, the moderator of the last Synod, opened the Synod
with a sermon from 1 Pet. i. 21.
Mr. Dickinson's reasons of his absence, sent by Mr. Webb, were sustained.
Likewise Mr. Anderson's reasons of his absence per letter were sustained.
Mr. Houston being not well, his absence was excused.
The minutes of the last Synod ordered to be read.
Masters Andrews, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Boyd, Cross, and the mod-
erator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and for any other business
that the Synod shall recommend unto them.
Masters Thomson and Boyd, appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia.
The Presbytery book of New Castle was not brought, the clerk being
absent.
Inquiry being made who had got collections for the fund, it was found that
Mr. Andrews, Mr. Thomson, Mr. Gillespie, and Mr. Cross, had brought
collections ; and that Mr. Pierson's and Mr. Webb's congregations had made
collections and disposed of them for the relief of indigent places, agreeable to
a vote of the last Synod. And it was earnestly recommended by the Synod
to all their members, to use their diligence that the yearly collections for the
fund may be duly minded, that said collections may not drop, as there seems
danger that they may, in case better care be not taken than has been for some
years past.
The committee for the fund appointed to meet at eight o'clock, to-morrow
morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow morning.
16 day atV) o^doch, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Pumry's excuse for his absence sent by letter was sustained.
Masters Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and Gillespie,
appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Mr. Cross's reasons of his absence last year being minuted as not sus-
tained, the Synod declare themselves now fully satisfied with Mr. Cross in that
matter.
Inquiry being made of Mr. Robert Cross, as to his opinion relating to the
Synod's agreement with reference to the Westminster Confession of Faith, &c.
the said Mr. Cross did declare his hearty concurrence with what the Synod had
done in that affair, and that he did accept of and adopt the said Confession of
Faith and Catechisms, as the confession of his faith.
A letter of complaint brought in by Samuel Nealy against Mr. John Brad-
ner, was deferred.
The affair relating to Mr. Gelston's meeting-house coming again before the
Synod, the said affair was deferred.
The Synod received a letter from ^Ir. William Grant, president of the so-
ciety for propagation of Christian knowledge in Scotland ; and another from
the reverend associated ministers of Boston, in New England, (in answer to
theirs to them last Synod,) both of said letters bearing relation to the will of
Dr. Daniel Williams of London, deceased, the said letters were read and or-
dered to be kept in re tent is.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post meridiem.
1732.] ' SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 101
At 3 o'clock p. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read.
The affair depending between Mr. Bradner and Samuel Nealy further
delayed.
The Synod having considered the aflFair of Mr. Grelston's meeting-house,
find that the perambulation appointed last year was not, in all respects, ob-
served, as likewise that no damage, as appears to us, has hitherto accrued to
Mr. Houston's congregation by reason of the said meeting-house standing
where it is, to prevent which was the chief reason that moved the Synod to
make the former act fixing the distance between the two meeting-houses, do
now agree that Mr. Gelston's meeting-house shall stand where it is, without
any further dispute about it.
This above minute being put to vote, approve or not, it was carried in the
affirmative by a great majority.
An interloquitur of the Synod appointed to be to-morrow morning at eight
o'clock.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
At ten o' clock, post preces sederunt qui sujva.
The interloquitur was attended according to appointment.
The affair between Mr. Bradner and Samuel Nealy was reassumed, and
after long reasoning upon it, the Synod came to this conclusion : That not-
withstanding a former minute of the Synod, whereby that affair was deter-
mined as things then appeared, yet they have, for sundry good reasons,
judged it expedient, that there be a hearing of that matter again upon the spotj
and therefore appointed a committee of the Synod to go to Goshen with the
full power of the Synod to hear and determine that business. The persons
appointed for said committee are Mr. Andrews, Mr. Cross, Mr. Dickinson, Mr.
Pierson, Mr. Webb, Mr. Pumry, and Mr. Pemberton, or any three of them,
though it is expected they will all use their diligence to go. The time of
meeting to be the third Wednesday of May next.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, at two o'clock, P. M.,
and then to meet at Philadelphia.
1733.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
September 20th, 1732. Post preces sederunt
Ministers present : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John
Thomson, John Pierson, William Tennent, George Gillespie, Joseph Morgan,
James Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, John Cross, Hugh Conn, John Orme,
William Stewart, Eleazar Wales, Ebenezer Pemberton, Joseph Houston, Rich-
ard Treat, Robert Cathcart, William Orr, William Bertram.
Elders present : Messrs. William McMaughan, Hugh Scott, William Gray,
Andrew Hamilton, John Neven, Robert Linton, Abednego Thomas, William
Blair, James Donald.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Samuel Gelston, David Evans, Gilbert Tennent,
Adam Boyd, Henry Hook, Ebenezer Goold, Robert Cross, Alexander Hutch-
inson, Hugh Stephenson, Samuel Pumry, John Bradner, Thomas Evans, Daniel
Elmer, Joseph Webb, Nathaniel Hubbell.
Mr. Stewart was chosen moderator, and Mr. Dickinson clerk.
Mr. Morgan, the last moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon from Psal.
cxxxviii. 2.
The Rev. Mr. William Bertram desiring admission into this Synod, and
producing most ample testimonials from the Presbytery of Bangor, in Ireland,
of his ordination, ministerial qualifications, and regular Christian conversation,
102 MINUTES OF THE [1732
after his declaring his full and free assent unto the "Westminster Confession
and Catechisms as the confession of his faith, the 8ynod unanimously and
cheerfully complied with his desire of admission as a mcmher of this Synod.
The moderator and Mr. Orme not having opportunity before, either in Pres-
bytery or Synod, did now declare their hearty assent unto the Confession of
Faith and Catechisms of Westminster, adopting them as the confession of
their faith.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
The moderator, with Messrs. Orme, Houston, Pemberton, and Wales,
offered the reasons of their absence from the Synod last year, which were
sustained.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning.
21 day. At 9 o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Webb's reasons of his absence, by Mr. Dickinson, and Mr. David
Evans's reasons for his absence, sent by letter, were sustained.
Masters Andrews, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Anderson, and Dickinson,
appointed to be a committee for the fund, and for any other business that the
Synod shall recommend unto them.
Mr. Houston and Mr. Conn appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia.
Mr. Andrews and Mr. Dickinson appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
New Castle.
Inquiry being made who had collections for the fund, it was found that Mr.
Gillespie had brought something. And it is further most earnestly recom-
mended by the Synod to take care that the yearly collections for the fund be
not forgotten, but that the respective congregations be earnestly pressed by the
ministers to exercise their charity in this matter.
The committee for the fund appointed to meet at two o'clock, jmst mcrid.
Masters Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and Houston, ap-
pointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Inquiry being made of the committee appointed to go to Goshen in May
last, it was found that by reason of the great progress of the small-pox on the
road, and some other reasons, the appointment was not attended. It is there-
fore now recommended to the Presbytery of Philadelphia to take care of that
affair, and pursue the most probable methods to heal the unhappy breach be-
tween Mr. Dradner and Samuel Nealy, if that difference be not already ac-
commodated.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M.
At four o'clock, P. 31. post preces sederunt qui svpra.
Mr. John Cross having but this day been made a member of the Synod,
and withdrawing to return home without acquainting the Synod therewith, is
voted to be disorderly and irrcguhir.
It being overtured by the committee of overtures, that an erection of a new
Presbytery in Lancaster county, should be appointed by the Synod, it was
voted by a great majority, that Masters Anderson, Thomson, Boyd, Orr, and
Bertram, be members of a Presbytery by the name of Dunagall Presbytery.
The Synod for some reasons, thought fit to defer the revisal of the I'resby-
tery books until the next year.
Voted by the Synod, ncniine contradiccntc, that Mr. Orr preach to-morrow
night.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, at two o'clock,
P. M. and then to meet at Philadelphia.
1733.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 103
1733.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
September 19 fh, 1733. Pout preees sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson,
John Pierson, Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Eleazer Wales, Joseph Hous-
ton, Richard Treat, Daniel Elmer, Greorge Gillespie, William Tennent, llobert
Cathcart, William Orr, William Bertram, Samuel Gelston, David Evans, Adam
Boyd, Alexander Hutchinson, Hugh Stevenson, Thomas Evans, Benjamin
Campbell, John Nutman, Gilbert Tennent.
Elders present : Messrs. William Gray, John Caldwell, Thomas Mitchell,
Robert McNight, James Abraham, Thomas Rees, James Young, Benjamin
Jones, William Bateman, John Kirkpatrick, Robert Boyd, William Stinson,
Alexander White, Abraham Kitchell, Robert Jameson, George Renocks, James
Wallace.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, John Cross, Hugh Conn,
John Orme, William Stewart, Ebenezer Pemberton, Henry Hook, Ebenezer
Goold, Robert Cross, Samuel Pumry, Joseph Webb, Nathaniel Hubbell.
Mr. Stewart, the last year's moderator, being absent through indisposition,
Mr. Thomson opened the Synod with a sermon from Jer. xvii. 9.
The roll being called over it was found that the Rev. Mr. John Bradner was
dead since our last Synod.
Mr. Joseph Houston was chosen moderator, and Mr. Thomas Evans clerk.
Messrs. Stewart, Webb, and Hook, sent letters to excuse their absence,
which were approven. And upon the representation made by Mr. Treat and
others, of the reasons of the absence of Mr. John Cross, he was excused for
his absence this year. The reasons of the absence of Mr. Robert Cross, sent
by letter, not being satisfactory, the consideration of his absence both last year
and this, were deferred till our next.
Ordered, That our last year's minutes be read.
Masters Boyd, Hutchinson, Stevenson, Gilbert Tennent, Gelston, Elmer, and
Thomas Evans, gave the reasons of their absence last year, which were sustained.
Masters Andrews, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Anderson, Boyd, and the
moderator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any business that the
Synod shall recommend unto them.
Masters Gillespie and Hutchinson appointed to revise the Presbytery book
of Philadelphia.
The Presbytery books of New Castle and Dunagall being absent, Ordered,
That they be brought at our next Synod.
Ordered, That the committee meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning.
20/A day, at ten o'clock, ante meridiem, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that Masters Thomson, Anderson, Gillespie, Boyd, and Thomas Evans, had
brought something. And it being found that most of our members had ne-
glected in times past to bring collections, it was ordered, that every member of
the Synod do use their endeavours with their respective congregations, to bring
collections yearly to the fund, and that in order to their greater success, every
member who hath not yet had a copy of the Synod's letter relating to that
affair, shall not fail to procure one, and improve it with their respective congre-
gations and sessions, according to the design thereof.
Ordered, That the commission of the Synod bring in an account of their
management with respect to the fund, at our next sederunt.
Masters Andrews, Anderson, Gillespie, Robert Cross, Dickinson, Pierson,
104 MINUTES OF THE [1733.
Craighead, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod for the year
ensuing.
Inquiry being made of the difference between Mr. Bradner and Samuel
Nealy, it was rej^orted that some time before Mr. Bradner's death the breach
between them was made up; the said Nealy submitting to the Sj-nod's deter-
mination.
The further consideration of Mr. John Cross his withdrawing from the Synod
last year, deferred to our next.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. 31.
At three o'chcl-, P. 31. Post j^reces sederunt qui supra.
The commission of the Synod for last year brought in an account of their
management with respect to the fund, which being read was approved.
Upon a supplication of the people of Trenton, presented to the Synod by
the committee of the Synod, it was recommended by said committee, that the
commission of the Synod do allow something out of the fund to Trenton, as
to them shall appear needful, when they are settled with a minister; which
overture being read was approved by the Synod, ncmine contradicenfe.
The affair of Hanover coming under consideration, and many papers being
read to give light to the Synod in that affiiir, it was agreed that the committee
bring in an overture on said business at our next sederunt.
Ordered, That the committee meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning.
21 dai/, at ten d clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui sujyra.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read.
The committee having spent much time in reasoning on the affair of Hano-
ver committed to them, at length agreed upon an overture on it in the follow-
ing articles, viz.
First, That the Synod look upon the practice of submitting of congrega-
tional affairs to tiie decision of a lot, though accompanied with sacred solem-
nity, to be unwarrantable, inasmuch as lots are only wan-antably used to de-
cide matters that can't be otherwise determined in a rational way ; particularly
by appljnng to higher judicatories.
Secondly, The Synod do thiidi that in their present circumstances of poverty
and weakness, it might be very advisable for the people of West Hanover,
at least for some time, to join themselves with the congregations of East
Hanover, and Basking Ividge, as may be most convenient, until they, as well
as the said neighbouring congregations, be more able to subsist of themselves
separately. Yet in the mean time, as the case now stands with that people,
if re-union between East and West Hanover be found impracticable, accortOng
to our above advice, the Synod judge that the people of West Hanover be
left to their liberty to erect themselves into a separate congregation. Withal
we earnestly obtest and beseech, that nothing be done in that affair that may
have a tendency to hurt the interest of religion in those places, so far as
in them lies.
The above overture being read, was approveu by a great majority of votes.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M.
At three of the clock, P. 31. Post pyrcces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Mr. Andrews having made a motion to the committee of overtures, that an
assistant be allowed unto him in the work of the ministry in this city ; and the
committee after discoursing upon it, having recommended the consideration
thereof to the Synod, upon this proviso, that if the said motion be allowed or
1733.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 105
approved, there be first a sufficient provision made for an honourable main-
tenance of Mr. Andrews, during his continuance among this people ; the Synod
entered upon the consideration of said motion, and after considerable discourse
upon it, it was put to the vote, whether Mr. Andrews should be allowed to
have an assistant, if first sufficient provision be made for his honourable main-
tenance during his life among them, and it was carried in the affirmative,
nemine contradicente.
It is further Ordered, by the Synod, That the committee of overtures meet
this evening, and consult about what may be necessary to prepare a way for
putting the said motion into execution, as well as to prepare other business for
the Synod.
The committee ordered to meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
22 day. At ten d clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The committee reported that the afiair of Mr. Andrews's motion for an
assistant is yet under consideration.
Upon an overture to the Synod in pursuance of an order of the committee
to that purpose, viz. to use some proper means to revive the declining power
of godliness, the Synod do earnestly recommend it to all our ministers and
members, to take particular care about ministerial visiting of families, and press
family and secret worship, according to the Westminster Directory, and that
they also recommend it to every Presbytery, at proper seasons to inquire con-
cerning the diligence of each of their members in such particulars.
This overture was approved, nemine contradicente.
Ordered, That each Presbytery take a copy of said overture, together with
this order, and insert the same in their Presbytery books.
Upon an overture of the committee to the Synod, concerning a representa-
tion of Mr. Hugh Stevenson, respecting harsh and injurious usage which he
met with from some gentlemen in Virginia, the Synod ordered Mr. Stevenson
to lay a representation thereof before them, which he accordingly did in writ-
ing. And after hearing the same, and reasoning upon it, it was agreed that a
letter be writ by the Synod, and sent to the General Assembly of the Church
of Scotland, together with a copy of Mr. Stevenson's representation, in order
to use our interest with that venerable Assembly for our being assisted with
money from the societies for the propagation of religion, or elsewhere to enable
us to maintain some itinerant ministers in Virginia or elsewhere ; as also to
procure their assistance to obtain the favourable notice of the government in
England, so as to lay a restraint upon some gentlemen in said neighbouring
province, as may discourage them from hampering such itinerant ministers by
illegal prosecutions ; and if it may be, to procure some assistance from his
majesty for our encouragement by way of regium donum.
Ordered, That Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, and Stevenson,
write the above letter, and bring it into the Synod to be approved on Monday
morning.
Ordered, That the committee meet at eight of the clock on Monday
morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock on Monday morning.
24^/i day, at ten of the clock, A. M. post jn-eces sederunt qui supra.
An overture being brought in from the conimittee of overtures about the
ascertaining Mr. Andrews his maintenance, in case of an assistant, the Synod
had long discourse about the whole affair, and also had conference with some
14
106 MINUTES OF THE [1733
gentlemen members of this congregation, and at last agreed upon the following
conclusion.
First, That the congregation be allowed to call an assistant to Mr. An-
drews.
Secondly, That in order to secure Mr. Andrews's maintenance, those gen-
tlemen who have expressed a desire of an assistant, shall not diminish, but
rather strive, and as much as may be, increase their own subscriptions to him
on their part; neither shall they endeavour to alienate any of the present sub-
scription of the congregation from Mr. Andrews. And inasmuch as the pre-
sent subscription appears scanty, that all care shall be taken to get new suo-
scriptions to Mr. Andrews.
Thirdly, That he shall also have all the monthly collections.
This was agreed to, nemine contracUcente.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M.
At three of the clocTc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered that the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
An overture from the committee upon a motion of a member of the Presby-
tery of Philadelphia, that the said Presbytery be divided into two Presbyteries.
The Synod approved of the said motion, and it is agreed that Messrs. Jedi-
diah Andrews, Morgan, Evans, William Tennent, Treat, Elmer, Goold, and
Wales, be members of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and that the rest of the
members now in said Presbytery be the Presbytery of East Jersey.
Overtured, That something be allowed to the congregations of Basking-
ridge and Perth-Amboy, in pursuance of their applications for that purpose,
in order to assist them in defraying the charges of their meeting-houses. And
also something to a student. AH which was referred to the committee of the
fund.
Overtured, That something be allowed out of the fund to three ministers'
widows, which was also referred to the committee of the fund.
Mr. Nutman representing to the Synod, the great difficulties he is fallen
under, as to his continuing pastor of the congregation of East-Hanover, by
reason of the division and discord between them and the people of West-
Hanover; they, viz: of West-Hanover being allowed by this Synod, to erect
themselves into a separate congregation, (in case, as per minutes of the Synod,)
the Synod considering the same, do earnestly recommend it to the Presbytery
of East-New- Jersey to travail with the people of West-Hanover and East-
Hanover, in order to prevail with them to agree upon conditions of reunion,
at least for a while, until they be better able to subsist apart. But if the Pres-
bytery's endeavours to this purpose should not have effect, it is this Synod's
judgment, that a dismission may be granted to Mr. Nutman from the peo-
ple of East-Hanover, by the said Presbytery, upon his application for the
same.
Masters Andrews, Thomson, Anderson, and Stevenson, brought in the letter
to be sent to the General Assembly of Scotland, wliich was approved of.
Ordered, That two copies of our letter from this Synod to the General
Assembly of the church of Scotland, be sent as per minutes, and that Mr.
Andrews is appointed to write and send one, and Mr. Stevenson the other.
Ordered, That a particular account of the state of the fund be prepared by
the commission of the Synod, in order to bring it in to our Synod next year,
to be inserted in our minutes.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, at two of the clock,
P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1734.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA.
107
1734.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
September lS(h, 1734:. Uhi post preces sedeitint
Ministers : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson,
John Pierson, Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Eleazar Wales, Joseph
Houston, Richard Treat, Daniel Elmer, William Tennent, Robert Cathcart,
William Orr, David Evans, Adam Boyd, Benjamin Campbell, Samuel Hemp-
hill, John Nutman, Gilbert Tennent, Jonathan Dickinson, John Cross, Ebe-
nezer Pemberton, Robert Cross, Samuel Pumry, Joseph Webb, Andrew
Archbold, James Martin, Robert Jamison, George Gillespie, Henry Hook,
Alexander Hutchinson, Ebenezer Goold.
Elders: Messrs. William Gray, Andrew Hamilton, Alexander McNight,
Robert Ingliss, James Smith, Charles Hufty, William Ramsey, William Blair,
David Patterson, James Abraham, James Cochran, Benjamin Beech, Matthias
Hatfield, Elias Bailies, Adam Renkin.
Mr. Ebenezer Pemberton was chosen moderator, and Mr. Daniel Elmer
clerk.
Mr. Houston, last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from
Matt. V. 16.
Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Anderson, Boyd, Gilles-
• pie, Dickinson, and Robert Cross, appointed a committee for the fund, and any
other business the Synod shall recommend unto them.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow morning.
The committee appointed to meet at eight of the clock.
19 day, at ten o' clock, 2J0st preces sederunt qui supra.
The last year's minutes appointed to be read.
Ministers absent : Masters Bertram, Hugh Stevenson, Thomas Evans, Hugh
Conn, John Orme, William Stewart, Nathaniel Hubbell.
Mr. Bertram sent reasons of his absence, which were sustained. Messrs.
Pemberton, Dickinson, and Robert Cross, gave the reasons of their absence
last year, which were sustained.
Mr. Webb and Mr. Nutman appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
New Castle. Messrs. Orr and Campbell, to revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia. Messrs. Houston and Pumry, to revise the Presbytery book
of East Jersey.
The order with respect to the bringing the Presbytery book of Dunagall,
that was made last year, is renewed now.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections from their respective con-
gregations to the fund, it was found that Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Pierson,
Anderson, Houston, Treat, William Tennent, Cathcart, Orr, Evans, Boyd,
Webb, and Hutchinson, had brought something.
Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Gillespie, Robert Cross, Dickinson,
Pierson, Craighead, and the moderator, appointed to be the commission of the
Synod for the year ensuing.
Mr. John Cross having given the reasons of his withdrawing from the Synod
without liberty, the year before last, acknowledged the disorder thereof, which
acknowledgment was accepted by the Synod.
Inquiry beiug made with respect to the overture made last Synod, in order
to revive the decaying power of godliness ; and it being found that it has not
yet been fully put into execution, the Synod do not only renew the said order,
but earnestly obtest every of our brethren of the ministry, conscientiously and
diligently to pursue the good designs thereof.
Ordered, That the last year's minutes with relation to Mr. Nutman and the
people of Hanover, be further considered.
108 MINUTES OF THE [1734.
Ordered, That the account of the state of the fund be brought in the next
sederunt.
Ordered, That the committee meet at three o'clock, P. M.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. 31.
At fmir o'chclc, P. M. post preces sederunt qui siqn-a.
IMinutes of the last scdrnint ordered to be read.
The affair of Mr. Nutman and Hanover continued.
The consideration of the state of the fund continued.
Adjourned to ten o'clock, to-morrow morning.
20 dai/, at ten o'docJc, post 2)reces sederunt qui suj^ra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of Mr. Nutman further continued. The consideration of the state
of the fund further continued.
There being a petition from the people of Smithbury, that they may be put
under the Presbytery of East Jersey, the Synod complied with the said peti-
tion, and appointed that they belong accordingly to the said Presbytery.
The affair of Mr. Cross's transportation from Jamaica to Philadelphia
came under consideration, and accordingly the minutes of the commission of
the Synod, and of the committee appointed by the commission relating to that
affair being read, and the commissioners from Philadelphia and Jamaica being
heard at length, as to their reasons and arguments pro and con; as also Mr.
Cross having declared himself upon that affair, wherein he devolved himself
wholly upon the determination of the Synod; and several brethren having
proposed queries in reference to the several arguments pro and con, in order
to greater light; the Synod defer the further consideration of the whole affair
until the next sederunt.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M.
At three o'clock, P. 31. jjost j^fcces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of Mr. Nutman continued. The affair of the fund also con-
tinued.
The affair of Mr. Cross's transportation from Jamaica to Philadelphia, came
again under consideration. Upon which it was proposed by a member of the
Synod, that inasmuch as it is suggested that there are not a few of this con-
gregation who desire not Mr. Cross's transportation to Philadelphia; and that
this congregation may not be cut out of tiie right that they have, according to
our Presbyterian constitution, to offer their objections; the Synod by a great
majority of votes agreed that this affair be deferred until to-morrow morning,
and that public advertisement be given this evening to this congregation, that
if there be any of this congregation, who have any thing to object against Mr.
Cross's being settled here at Philadelphia, tlioy may appear and offer what
they have to say upon this affair, that the Synod may judge thereof before
they proceed to determine this momentous affair by vote.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning.
21 da>/, at nine o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read.
The affairs of Mr. Nutman and the fund yet continued.
Some overtures brought in by Mr. Gilbert Tennent, deferred.
The affair respecting Mr. Cross's transportation from Jamaica to Phila-
delphia reassumed. And the Synod being deeply sensible of t'he great im-
portance of the present debate, appointed that a solemn prayer to God for
1734.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 109
assistance and direction be made before we enter upon the consideration of it,
and another prayer before we proceed to a vote, which were accordingly done;
and after the most critical examination of the affair, and the solemn imploring
the divine assistance, the matter was put to vote, and carried against Mr. Cross's
transportation.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M.
At four d'clocJi, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Mr. Nutman's affair still continued; and the affair of the fund continued;
and the affair of Mr. Gilbert Tennent, respecting the overtures brought in by
him, continued till Monday, P. M.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Hemphill, being recommended by the Presbytery of
Straban, in Ireland, to all their reverend brethren, where the providence of
God shall call him, and he also bringing ample and satisfactory certificates
from the same Presbytery, of his qualifications for and ordination to the sacred
ministry, he is, upon his desire, admitted a member of this Synod, and recom-
mended to the regards and assistance of whichsoever of our Presbyteries his
abode shall be fixed among.
An appeal being brought in by Masters John Kirkpatrick and John Moor,
from the Presbytery of Dunagall, the Synod appointed that Messrs. Jedidiah
Andrews, William Tennent, Richard Treat, Alexander Hutchinson, George
Gillespie, Thomas Evans, and Henry Hook, be a committee to meet at Not-
tingham on the first Wednesday of November next, to hear the said appeal,
and to determine it by the authority of the Synod, they bringing an account
of their transactions therein to the next Synod. And the Synod do also em-
power the said committee to hear any matter de novo, that shall be brought
before them by the said John Kirkpatrick and John Moor, with relation to the
affair aforesaid, and authoritatively determine thereupon ; appointing also,
that if either party do appeal from the determination of the said committee,
they shall enter their appeal immediately, that it may be finally determined by
the next Synod.
Adjourned to Monday at ten o'clock, A. M.
23 da^, at ten o'clocJc, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sedei-unt be read.
The affair of the fund yet continued.
Ordered, That Messrs. Anderson, Thomson, Dickinson, and Cross, draw up
an overture upon Mr. Gilbert Tennent's overtures, to be presented to the Synod
to-morrow morning.
Ordered, That the Synod make a particular inquiry during the time of their
meeting every year, whether such ministers as have been received as mem-
bers since the foregoing meeting of the Synod, have adopted, or have been re-
quired by the Synod, or by the respective Presbyteries, to adopt the West-
minster Confession and Catechisms with the Directory, according to the acts
of the Synod made some years since for that purpose, and that also the report
made to the Synod in answer to said inquiry, be recorded in our minutes.
Mr. Samuel Pumry, Mr. James Martin, Mr. Robert Jamison, and Mr.
Samuel Hemphill, declared for, and adopted, the Westminster Confession,
Catechisms, and Directory commonly annexed, the former as the confession of
their faith, and the latter as the guide of their practice in matters of discipline,
as far as may be agreeable to the rules of prudence, &c. as in the adopting acts
of this Synod is directed.
Pursuant to act of Synod, found upon inquiry that Mr. William Tennent,
junior, Mr. Andrew Archbold ordained, and Mr. Samuel Blair licensed, did
110 MINUTES OF THE [1734.
each and every of thorn tleclare their assent and consent to the Westminster
Confession and Catechisms, and Directory annexed, according to the intent of
the act of Synod in that case made and provided.
Resolved, That the affiiir of Mr. Nutman, from time to time continued; be
first considered the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three oWock, P. M. Post jireces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of the fund continued.
Ordered, That Mr. Robert Cross, and the moderator, as soon as leisure will
permit, do write a letter to Col. Ogden, in return to his to the Synod bearing
date September IG, 1734.
The affair of Mr. Nutman and the people of Hanover resumed, and after
reading our last year's minutes, and Mr. Dickinson proposing a difficulty con-
cerning the obligation of the determination by the lot mentioned in said
minutes, whether the obligation of the said determination yet remains binding
^apon said people, the Synod after much discourse and reasoning about that
matter, at length came to a judgment in the following propositions.
1. That the Synod look upon the obligation of a determination of a difference
by a lot, to be sacred and binding upon the conscience, if the matter so deter-
mined be lawful and practicable, and consequently to act contrary thereunto
must be a very great sin.
2. That as the foundation upon which a lot is cast may cease, and the prac-
ticableness of acting according to the determination thereof may, in time, cease
also, (though for a time it may continue practicable,) in such a case we judge
that the obligation thereof doth cease also, because it can never be designed
that such an obligation should remain after the design thereof becomes either
impossible, or hath been fully obtained.
3. Our determination last year relating to the people of Hanover, did wholly
go upon this supposition, that the affairs of that people and their circumstances
were so far altered, upon representations then made to us, that we supposed
the foundation of said lot, and of the people's acting upon it were ceased,
which, whether it be certainly so or not, we do not peremptorily determine,
but leave parties to judge thereof as in conscience they can.
4. That however, as in our minutes last Synod, we disapprove of the use
of lots, without necessity, yet we are afraid, upon representation, that there
hath been much sin committed by many if not all that people, in their profane
disregard of said lot in time past, and therefore excite them to reflect upon
their past practices in reference thereunto, in order to their repentance.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning.
24 daij. At nine o'docJc, A. M. Post preccs sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of the fund continued.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent having brought some overtures into the Synod with
respect to the trials of candidates, both for the ministry and the Lord's Sup-
per, that there be due care taken in examining into tlie evidences of the grace
of God in them, as well as of their other necessary qualifications, the Synod
doth unanimously agree, that as it has been our principle and practice, and as
it is recommended in the Directory for worsliip and government, to be careful
in this matter, so it awfully concerns us to be most serious and solemn in the
trials of both sorts of candidates above mentioned. And this Synod does there-
fore in the name and fear of God, exhort and obtest all our Presbyteries to
take special care not to admit into the sacred office, loose, careless, and irreli-
1734.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. Ill
gious persons, but that they particularly inquire into the conversations, con-
duct, and behaviour of such as oiFer themselves to the ministry, and that they
diligently examine all the candidates for the ministry in their experiences of
a work of sanctifying grace in their hearts, and that they admit none to the
sacred trust that are not in the eye of charity serious Christians. And the
Synod does also seriously and solemnly admonish all the ministers within our
bounds to make it their awful, constant, and diligent care, to approve them-
selves to God, to their own consciences, and to their hearers, serious, faithful
stewards of the mysteries of God, and of holy and exemplary conversations.
And the Synod does also exhort all the ministers within our bounds to use due
care in examining those they admit to the Lord's Supper.
This admonition was approved by the whole Synod.
And the Synod does further recommend unanimously, to all our Presby-
teries, to take effectual care that each of their ministers are faithful in the dis-
charge of their awful trust. And in particular, that they frequently examine,
with respect to each of their members, into their life and conversation, their
diligence in their work, and their methods of discharging their ministerial call-
ing. Particularly that each Presbytery do, at least once a year, examine into
the manner of each minister's preaching, whether he insist in his ministry
upon the great articles of Christianity, and in the course of his preaching re-
commend a crucified Saviour to his hearers as the only foundation of hope,
and the absolute necessity of the omnipotent influences of the Divine grace to
enable them to accept of this Saviour; whether he do in the most solemn and
affecting manner he can, endeavour to convince his hearers of their lost and
miserable state whilst unconverted, and put them upon the diligent use of
those means necessary in order to obtaining the sanctifying influences of the
Spirit of God; whether he do, and how he doth, discharge his duty towards
the young people and children of his congregation, in a way of catechizing and
familiar instruction ; whether he do, and in what manner he doth, visit his
flock and instruct them from house to house.
And the Synod hereby orders, that a copy of this minute be inserted into
the books of each of our Presbyteries, and be read at every of their Presby-
terial meetings, and a record of its being read minuted in said books at the
beginning of every session, and that there be also an annual record in each
Presbytery book of a correspondence with this minute.
And in case any minister within our bounds shall be found defective in any
of the abovementioned cases, he shall be subject to the censure of the Presby-
tery, and if he refuse subjection to such censure, the Presbytery are hereby
directed to represent his case to the next Synod. And the Synod recommends
to each of the ministers within our bounds to be as much in catechetical doc-
trines as they in prudence may think proper.
The Synod determines that no minister of our persuasion, in the govern-
ment of Pennsylvania, and the lower counties, from this time forward, marry
by any license from the governor, till the form of them be altered and brought
to a nearer conformity to those of the neighbouring governments of New York
and New Jersey; and particularly till they are altered in such a manner as
hath no peculiar respect to the ministers of the Church of England, nor oblige
us to any of the forms and ceremonies peculiar to that church ; and do fur-
ther agree to refer it to the Presbyteries of New Castle and Donegall con-
junctly to make what regulations they see cause for upon the affair of licenses
with respect to their own members.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three o'clock, P. M. post jjreces sederunt qui supra.
An account of the fund being brought in, it appears that October the 22d,
112 MINUTES OF THE [1735.
1733, the sum total amounted to five hundred and seven pounds, sixteen shil-
lings and ten pence.
A reference being made by the Presbytery of New Castle to the Synod
concernin<T Mr. Gelston's suspension, upon the account of drunkenness and
some othe'r crimes, the Synod finding Mr. Gclston to be absent, and seeing no
reason to take off the suspension, do continue it till our nest Synod.
The Presbytery books of Philadelphia, New Castle, and East Jersey, were
brought in and approved.
Ordered, That each Presbytery have a copy of these minutes, and of all
the minutes of the Synod annually, for the time to come, and that the clerk be
satisfied for writing the said copies out of the fund.
Ordered, That the commission of the Synod do take care of the fund.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of September next, at two o'clock, P. M.,
and then to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.
173o.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
September 17th, 1735. Vbi post preces sederunt
Ministers: Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thom-
son, Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Eleazer Wales, Joseph Houston,
Richard Treat, Daniel Elmer, Robert Cathcart, David Evans, Adam Boyd,
Jonathan Dickinson, John Cross, George Gillespie, Alexander Hutchinson,
Ebenezer Pcmberton, Robert Cross, Joseph Webb, Samuel Blair, Andrew
Archbold, Robert Jamison, Ebenezer Goold, Thomas Evans, Hugh Stevenson,
John Orme, Isaac Chalker, Hugh Carlisle, James Martin.
Elders: Messrs. James Gait, William Gray, William Whiteside, Andrew
Galbaith, John Latham, Nathaniel Britain, James Bravarb, Ephraim Logue,
David Griffith, Samuel Jack, Asa Gildersheve, William McMachin, Samuel
James, John Smith, Joseph Steel, William Bratten.
Ministers absent : Messrs. John Pierson, William Tennent, William Orr,
John Nutman, Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, junior, Samuel Pumry,
Simon Horton, Henry Hook, William Bertram, Hugh Conn, Nathaniel
Hubbcl.
Mr. Robert Cross was chosen moderator, and Mr. Richard Treat clerk.
Mr. Pemberton, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon
on John xii. 20.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning.
18 day, at nine of the clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Messrs. Pierson, Nutman, Conn, and Bertram, sent reasons of their absence,
which were sustained.
Ordered, That the last year's minutes be read.
Upon calling over the roll it was found that Messrs. Stewart and Campbell
are dead since our last Synod.
Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Craighead, Anderson, Boyd, Gillespie, Dickin-
son, Pcmberton, and the moderator, appointed to be a committee for the fund,
and any other business the Synod shall recommend to them.
Messrs. Thomas Evans, Orme, and Stevenson, gave the reasons of their
absence last year, which were sustained.
Messrs. Pemberton and Dickinson appointed to revise the Presbytery book
of Philadelphia, and Messrs. Stevenson and Martin the Presbytery book of
Donegall.
The Presbytery books of New Castle and East Jersey not being brought are
ordered to be brought next Synod.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections to the fund, it was found
1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 113
that Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Anderson, David Evans, Boyd, Dickinson,
Webb, Thomas Evans, Gillespie, and Pierson, had got some.
Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton,
' Pierson, Craighead, Thomas Evans, and the moderator, appointed to be the
commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Whereas the commission of the Synod did meet some time in April last.
Ordered, That an account of their proceedings be brought in after we have
finished the reading of the last year's minutes.*
* The committee met at Nottingham, according to appointment of the last Synod, and
happily accommodated their diiferences, whose conduct was approved by the Synod, and
the account of the whole of this proceeding ordered to be recorded in the Synod book,
both minutes and articles of agreement, which was as followeth, viz.
First, the minutes.
At a meeting of the committee appointed by the last Synod to meet at Nottingham, on
Wednesday, the 6th day of November, 1734, to settle some differences that ha°d arisen
there, iibi post preccs sederunt Mr. George Gillespie, Mr. Alexander Hutchinson, Mr.
Thomas Evans, Jlr. Richard Treat, and Mr. Jedidiah Andrews.
Two of the members that were appointed, namely Mr. William Tennent, and Mr.
Henry Hook, were absent.
Mr. Andrews was chosen moderator, and Mr. Evans clerk.
Ordered, That the minutes of the Synod relating to the affair now depending, should
be read, which was accordingly done.
John Kirkpatrick being called, produced several papers relating to the matter of dif-
ference between him and Mr. Orr, which were read, as also the minutes of the Donegall
Presbytery relating to the said affair, and the committee after just entering upon the
affair, finding things too tedious to finish any thing this evening, defer the consideratioa
of the whole till tomorrow morning.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning.
1th day, at nine o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The matter of difference between John Kirkpatrick and Mr. Orr being reassumed, and
the stated members of Donegall Presbytery being interrogated about their present sen-
timents, whether, upon a review, and more mature deliberation on said affair, they stood
upon a vindication of the whole of their judgment, they did all of them candidly declare
their mistake or error in two particulars. 1. In their not hearing and discussing John
Kirkpatrick's supplication as they should have done, which they judge might hurt the
whole affair. 2. In not giving him copies of some papers as he desired, which omissions
they say, were much owing to the want of time, and the disturbance things were iu
among the people.
The committee in an interloquitur, in order to shorten matters, agreed to advise both
parties to try to moderate the differences among them, by choosing two indifferent per-
sons on each side to labour in the affair, which was done, and the whole afternoon was
spent in it.
Adjourned to nine of the clock to-morrow morning.
8/A day, at nine o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee inquired whether any thing was done by the persons that were chosen
by each party, in order to an accommodation, and found that they had drawn up certain
articles, which they thought reasonable for all parties to agree in, which, after much
pains and diligence used by said persons, were consented unto publicly-, by all parties,
and were approved of by the committee, unto the great joy and satisfaction of all con-
cerned.
On occasion of a motion made by one of the members, the committee thought fit to
declare, that though they utterly dislike a captious, querulous frame of spirit and car-
riage in any person or people, with respect to ministers and their preaching, yet they
hold that people have the privilege of a judgment of discretion upon what tJiey hear in
the public ministry; which privilege we judge notwithstanding should be prudently and
soberly used, with regard to God's glory and the edification of his Church and people.
And whereas, some things have been uttered by Mr. Orr in his public ministry, which
have been thought by some, not so well guarded as they should have been, upon an im-
15
114 MINUTES OF THE [1735
Inquiry being made, according to the order of last Synod, whether those
admitted into any of our Presbyteries since last Synod have adopted the West-
minster Confession of Faith and Catechisms, &c. according to the adopting
act of the Synod, it was reported, that Messrs. Isaac Chalker, Simon llorton,
and Samuel lilair, ordained by the Presbytery of East Jersey, and Mr. Hugh
Carlisle, admitted into New Castle Presbytery, have done it in the several
Presbyteries according to the order aforesaid. And Messrs. Isaac Chalker
portant point of divinity, the committee does, in true brotherly Christian affection, re-
commend it to Mr. Orr, to be watchful and careful how he express himself on such mo-
mentous doctrines for the future, that all occasion of exception may be evaded.
Whereas John Kirkpatrick, Hugh Kirkpatrick, John ^loor, and John Smith, repre-
sented to the committee that they laboured under some difBculty with respect to an ob-
ligation wherein they stand bound to make good Mr. Orr's maintenance, from which, in
order to preserve the present peace among them, they desire to be released, the com-
mittee recommended it to the congregation to get new bondsmen, and release the said
persons from the said obligation.
It being also represented by John Kirkpatrick and John Moor, that they are difScnlted
about a bond they stand bound in, for building the meeting-house, which should have
been paid before now, and for which they are in fear of being troubled, the committee
recommend it to the members of the congregation to take care to pay off said bond as
soon as possible may be. Concluded with prayer.
Secondly, the articles of agreement.
Nottingham, Ohr. 7tk. 1734.
Whereas it is this day recommended by the Reverend Committee to the contending
parties, that they choose, each party, two persons to assist them to come to terms of
agreement, in order to put an end to the present tedious controversy in a way of mutual
concession and acknowledgment to each other, we, the persons chosen by the parties for
this purpose, having considered the proposals made by both parties to eacii other, have
agreed to make the following proposals to both parties, to be by them acquiesced in and
assented unto, otherwise the matter to be remitted to the cognisance of the committee,
as if no such proposals had been made.
Imprimis. That Mr. Orr acknowledge, that inasmuch as by reason of his natural
temper, he is something liable to act with an appearance of too great an air of imperi-
ousness, so in some of his managements in the session, he might be faulty in that respect,
and is sorry if any thing of this kind hath given offence to Jolm Kirkpatrick and adher-
ents, and resolves to guard against any thing of that nature for the future.
2. That Mr. Orr and the session do acknowledge, that they acted with too much lenity
towards William Edmeston, considering the circumstances of his sins, aud resolve to act
with more exact severity for the future.
3. That the congregation acknowledge, that the method they took to deal with John
Kirkpatrick, &c. iu subscribing such a paper containing such accusations against him
of lies, which were not proven, and also the bitter satirical style in which it was writ-
ten, was faulty and unjustifiable, and that they are heartily sorry for their so doing, aud
resolve never to be guilty of the like again.
4. That William McGiil be restored to church privileges, without inquiring into the
justice or injustice of his past censure.
5. That Jt)hn Kirkpatrick, and all his adherents, be restored to their former gospel
privileges, so far as is agreeable to gospel rules.
6. That the substance of all the acknowledgment made by the members of this Pres-
bytery be recordeii in the Presbytery book.
7. That John Kirkpatrick and his adherents acknowledge their rash and imprudent
manner of discoursing of Mr. Orr's doctrine, representing it as false and erroneous, aud
likewise their abrupt and irregular breaking off' from the session.
8. That if these articles be acquiesced in by both parties, that they also resolve and
promise, mutually to each other, industriously for the future to take care not to repeat
past matters of controversy, but bury all in oblivion, and endeavour by all proper means
to assist and cultivate true Christian charity and affection.
Lastly. That if these articles are iigreed to, the same shall be published before the
committee, and the several parties siiall publicly declare their acquiescence in them ;
and after all, the contents hereof be recorded in the Presbytery book.
Thus of the business of Nottingham.
1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 115
and Hugh Carlisle not having seen the adopting act, have now had the same
read to them, and do now concur in their assent to the terms of the adopting
act.
Ordered, That each Presbjtery have the whole adopting act inserted in their
Presbytery book.
Messrs. Pemberton and Cross did write to Col. Ogden, according to order
of last year, and he not being yet satisfied, and the case being further opened
by Mr. Webb, the Synod order Mr. Dickinson and Mr. Pemberton to bring in
a letter for the Synod's approbation to be sent to him.
Adjourned till three of the clock, post inerid. Concluded with prayer.
At three of the dock, post merid. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The minutes of the last year not being yet finished, ordered to go on with
the reading of them.
There having been a complaint made by some members of the Presbytery
of East Jersey, that the Presbytery are incapable to comply with the excellent
design of the act of the last Synod, with respect to the trials of candidates for
the ministry, and of the fidelity of their own members in the discharge of their
ministerial trust, by reason that several of their members, and Mr. John Cross
in particular, neglect to attend the stated meetings of Presbytery, and that Mr,
John Cross has, without the concurrence of the Presbytery, removed from
one congregation to another : The Synod do declare that the conduct of such
ministers that do neglect attendance upon the meetings of the Presbytery
without necessity, or that take the charge of any congregation without the
Presbytery's concurrence, to be disorderly and justly worthy of Presbyterial
censure, and do admonish said Mr. Cross, to be no further chargeable with
such irregularities for the future.
The Synod esteeming the act of last year with respect to the trial of can-
didates for the ministry, and examining into the methods of our ministers' dis-
charge of their awful trust, to be of greatest moment and importance, do, in
the strongest manner, exhort each Presbytery to an exact compliance with the
said act in all the parts of it. And do also exhort all the ministers within our
bounds, to take due care in the examination of all candidates for baptism, or
that offer to dedicate their children to God in that sacred ordinance, that they
are persons of a regular life, and have suitable acquaintance with the princi-
ples of the Christian religion ; that that seal be not set to a blank, and
that such be not admitted to visible church relation that are manifestly unfit
for it.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning.
19 dai/, at nine o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read.
Upon reading last year's minutes relating to marriages by licenses, it is
supposed there may be some exempt instances wherein the restraints of that
act may be found too severe. The S3'nod therefore order, that each particu-
lar Presbytery shall have full liberty to determine upon, and direct in such
exempt cases as they shall think convenient ; provided always, that no min-
ister within our bounds shall be allowed to marry by license any members of
our established congregations, or others known to be of our communion, with-
out certificates from the minister of such congregation ; or in case of the
absence of the minister, or of the congregation being without a minister, from
some other substantial persons, that such marriage is regular, and that there is
no just bar in the way of it. And the Synod do recommend it to all their
members that shall be exempted by their Presbyteries and allowed to marry
116 MINUTES OF THE [1735.
by licenses, to use the greatest caution that they do not countenance any clan-
destine marriages, and especially that they do not marry any that they have
reason to suspect to go contrary to the minds of their parents and guardians in
seeking it.
Ordered, That the account of the fund be brought in before the conclusion
of this Synod.
The affair of Mr. Gelston's suspension coming under consideration, and
there being not time enough to issue it at present, the further consideration of
it deferred till our nest scdrriint.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded -with prayer.
At three o'cIocJc, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read.
The affair of Mr. Gelston reassumed ; and the Synod having with all seri-
ousness considered the affair of Mr. Gelston, who has for some time past been
under suspension by the Presbytery of New Castle, which was the last year
continued by the Synod ; they observe to their great sorrow, that since his
suspension there are various and loud reports of his scandalous behaviour in
the High-Lands of New York, which we have too much reason to fear there is
some foundation for; we cannot, therefore, at present consent to the restoring
him to the exercise of his ministry, but are obliged to continue his suspension.
In the mean time we appoint that they that shall be ordered to attend upon the
ordination of Mr. Tudor of Goshen, do inquire into the truth of these reports
that have been spread abroad with respect to Mr. Gelston's conduct in these
parts, and to inform the Presbyteries of New Castle and Donegall conjunctly,
who shall have a discretionary power to restore Mr. Gelston if these reports
are found false, and Mr. Gelston give them good evidence of sincere repent-
ance ; otherwise to continue his suspension till the next Synod ; and that the
persons appointed give Mr. Gelston suitable warning of the time of their
meeting at Goshen, that he may be present if he sees cause. Approved ne-
mine contradicente.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
2O//1 day, at nine o'clock, A. 31. p)Ost preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered that the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The reading of the minutes of the last year being finished, the Synod do,
according to a foregoing order, enter upon the consideration of the proceedings
of the commission last April, and order that the account of their proceedings
be laid before them ; which was done.
The further consideration of the affair of the commission deferred till Mon-
day morning. And it is ordered, that Mr. Ilempliill be notified to appear then
before them if he sees cause, or has any thing to offer unto them.
A supplication being brought into the Synod from the people of Goshen,
and also a letter from Mr. Tudor, a candidate of the ministry there, both sig-
nifying that he is ready to adopt the Westminster Confession of Faith, kc,
and to submit to Presbyterian rules; and also desiring that the Synod would,
as soon as possibly may be, send a committee to said place to attend the ordi-
nation of Mr. Tudor there : The Synod do accordingly appoint Mr. Kobert
Cross, Mr. Pumry, Mr. Webb, Mr. Nutraan, Mr. John Cross, and Mr.
(Uialker, to meet at Goshen the last Wednesday of the next month, October,
to attend said ordination, and Mr. llobert Cross to preside in said affair. And
the Synod do further appoint for the trials of Mr. Tudor, that he make an
exegesis in Latin upon that question, an lex naturee sit sujjiriens ad saJutem ?
and that he preach a popular sermon upon Rom. xi. 6. And the Synod do
1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 117
order that the congregation be publicly notified of the appointment, by reading
this minute to them on the preceding Lord's day, that if any persons have
any thing to object against said proceeding, they may be prepared to lay it
before the committee.
Ordered, That the committee of the Synod meet at three of the clock, P. M.
Concluded with prayer.
Adjourned to ten of the clock, Monday morning.
22c? day at ten o'cloch, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Upon calling over the roll, it being found that many of the elders have
gone home without leaving any reasons for their so doing ; the Synod do
order, that such elders as do withdraw from the Synod without leave, shall be
left to the censure of their sessions, and report made thereof to the next Synod.
And the Synod do recommend it to the several congregations to defray the
necessary charges that their elders be at during their attendance upon the
Synod.
The affair of the commission reassumed.
The Synod having notified Mr. Hemphill, that they intend this day to enter
upon his affair, and he not appearing but sending a disrespectful and contemp-
tuous letter in the following words :
" To the Rev. members of the Synod :
" By way of answer to the notification which I received Saturday last, I
have only to observe, that the dispute between the Synod and me being made
public in the world, which was first begun by the commission, what I have
at present to offer to the Synod, is contained in an answer to the vindication
of the reverend commission now in the press, and will be speedily published,
and that I despise the Synod's claim of authority. Your humble servant,
" Samuel Hemphill.
" Monday morning.
" P. S. I shall think you will do me a deal of honour, if you entirely ex-
communicate me."
The Synod, from the consideration of his contumacy in his errors, his dis-
regard of the censure of the commission, and rejecting our communion, do
declare him unqualified for any future exercise of his ministry within our
bounds, and that this be intimated to all our congregations by each respective
minister. Approved nemine contradicente.
The brethren appointed to justify the commission against any complaints
from Mr. Hemphill, if he should publish any such, having complied with the
commission's order in that matter, are desired by the Synod to continue to
answer any further publications of Mr. Hemphill's or his friends in that cause,
if they shall think it necessary. And it is ordered, that the charge of it shall
be defrayed out of the fund.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o^cloclc, P. M. post preces sederunt qui svpra.
The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read.
An overture being brought into the Synod from Mr. Hook, Mr. Stevenson,
Mr. Jamison, and Mr. Martin, desiring that they might be set off from New
Castle Presbytery and erected into a Presbytery of themselves ; the Synod do
agree that they become a Presbytery under the name of the Presbytery of
Lewis-Town, and do order them to meet and constitute the 19th day of No-
vember next, at Lewis-Town.
Upon a motion made by a member, the Synod do agree that if any of our
118 MINUTES OF TIIE [1735.
members shall see cause to prepare any thing for the press upon any contro-
versy in religious matters, that before such member publish what he hath thus
prepared, he shall submit the same to be perused by persons to be appointed
for that purpose, and that Messrs. Andrews, Dickinson, Robert Cross, Pem-
berton, and Pierson, be appointed for this purpose in the bounds of the Synod
to the northward of I'hiladelphia; and Messrs. Anderson, Thomas Evans,
Cathcart, Stevenson, and Thomson, in the bounds of the Synod southward of
Philadelphia. Any three of each committee to be a quorum. Approved.
An overture from — — , humbly oflFered to the consideration of the reverend
Synod.
The present state of the church of Christ, in respect of the great and almost
universal deluge of pernicious errors and damnable doctrines that so boldly
threaten to overthrow the Christian world, doth, we think, afford matter of
very deep and serious exercise unto all considering persons, who have the
interest of our Lord's kingdom at their heart ; and were it not for the sure, firm,
and comfortable promises contained in the infallible records of truth, the pre-
sent appearance of things might be thought to presage a most fatal subversion
of the kingdom of our Lord, by the success of the kingdom of darkness against
it, and so discourage and dispirit the hearts of the true friends and loyal sub-
jects of our exalted Lord. Put blessed be his name, he is still King in Zion
and to the ends of the earth, and will not suffer this so grievous an evil to pre-
vail one handsbrcadth further nor one minute longer than the measure and time
appointed for it; for known unto God are all his works from the creation of
the world.
However, it would seem that the present obvious state of things doth call
for something at our hands, more than in a time of prevailing truth and purity
in the church. It should seem that when so many wolves in sheep's clothing
are invading the flocks of Christ every where in the world, we who are pas-
tors by office and station should exert ourselves in an active and vigilant man-
ner for the safety and preservation of our flocks committed to our care, from
the assaults of these devouring monsters that are numerous abroad in the
world. Surely the late bold assault that hath been made upon us, though
blessed be God, without the desired and expected success, as yet, should put
us to our arms and excite us with care and diligence to put ourselves in a pos-
ture of defence against all future attempts.
To this purpose we would humbly propose the following overture as an
expedient to prevent the evil of such attempts, viz : That seeing we are likely
to have the most of our supply of ministers to fill our vacancies from the north
of Ireland, and seeing it is too evident to be denied and called in question, that
we are in great danger of being imposed upon by ministers and preachers from
thence, though sufficiently furnished with all formalities of Presbyterial cre-
dentials, as in the case of Mr. 11 11 ; and seeing also what was done last
year may be done this year and the year following, viz : we are still liable to
bo imposed upon by such credentials ; upon these and the like considerations,
■we humbly overture to this reverend Synod, to make an order to the following
purpose :
1st. That no minister or probationer coming in among us from Europe, be
allowed to preach in vacant congregations until first his credentials and recom-
mendations be seen and approven by the I'resbytery unto which such con-
gregation doth most properly belong, and until he preach with approbation
before said Presbytery, and subscribe or adopt the Westminster Confession of
Paith and Catechisms, before said I*resbytery, in manner and form as they
have done; and that no minister employ such to preach in his pulpit until he
see his credentials, and be satisfied, as far as may be, of his firm attachment
to said Confession, &c., in opposition to the new upstart doctrines and
1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 119
schemes, particularly such as we condemned in Mr. H ll's sermons. And
lest some strangers might suffer by the rigorous observation of this order, let
it be thus qualified, viz : That the moderator and two of the members of each
Presbytery be appointed as a standing committee to act presbyterially in that
aflfair as there may be occasion, and to be accountable to their respective Pres-
byteries.
2dly. That no congregation be allowed to present a call to any such minister
or probationer coming in among us, though never so well certified, until he have
preached at least one full half year within the bounds of this Synod.
3dly. That no congregation be allowed to present a call to any minister or
candidate whatsoever, unless some of the brethren, members of the Presbytery
unto which said congregation doth belong, have been present with said people
to concur with them and moderate in said call, having been pi-eviously appointed
thereunto by the Presbytery, and that no minister take upon him to moderate
in such a case without such an appointment.
4thly. That no student be received to enter upon trials, in order to his li-
censing to preach, until he first repair unto the dwellings or lodgingS of at least
most of the ministers of the Presbytery to which he offers himself, and thereby
give them an opportunity to take a view of his parts and behaviour.
5thly. That the Synod would bear testimony against the late too common,
and now altogether unnecessary practice of some Presbyteries in the north of
Ireland, viz : their ordaining men to the ministry sine titulo, immediately before
they come over hither, thereby depriving us of our just rights, viz : that we
unto whom they are designed to be co-presbyters, and among whom they design
to bestow their labours, should have just and fair inspecting into their qualifi-
cations ; we say that it seems necessary that the Synod bear testimony against
such practice by writing home to the General Synod, thereby signifying our
dissatisfaction with the same. And further, that in said letter or writing to the
General Synod of Ireland, that we earnestly desire, that when ministers or pro-
bationers are about to come from thence to us, they would besides their Pres-
byterial credentials, procure also private letters of recommendation from some
brethren there, who are well known to some of our brethren here, to be firmly
attached to our good old principles and schemes, inasmuch as the instance of
Mr. H 11, and some other considerations to the same purpose, make us
afraid lest we may again be imposed upon by men of his stamp, though furnished
with all the formalities of Presbyterial credentials. The Synod do agree that
no minister ordained in Ireland sine titulo, be for the future received to the ex-
ercise of his ministry among us, until he submit to such trials, as the Presby-
tery among whom he resides, shall think proper to order and appoint. And
that the Synod do also advertise the General Synod in Ireland, that the ordain-
ing any such to the ministry sine titulo, before their sending them hither for the
future, will be very disagreeable and disobliging to us. And the Synod ap-
point 3Ir. Robert Cross, Mr. Thomson, and 3Ir. Houston, to send the above
overture and appointment to the General Synod in Ireland, inclosed in a proper
letter unto them.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
23c? day, at nine o'clock, A. 31. post jn-eces sederunt qui supra.
A reference coming into the Synod from the Presbytery of East-Jersey,
complaining of John McNeal's disingenuous conduct in relation to the settle-
ment of Mr. Chalker in Bethlehem, and a supplication from said McNeal,
containing several complaints against said Presbytery, in reference to their
conduct in that affair, with several other papers from several parties concerned
1*20 MINUTES OF THE [1735.
therein, ^vhich were read, and all parties being heard what they had to offer,
they were removed. And the Synod entering upon the consideration of the
affair, do agree that Messrs. Thomson, Thomas Evans, Treat, and Martin, do
meet and prepare an overture upon the whole, and bring it in to the Synod as
soon as possible.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M.
At three of the clock, P. M. postprcces sederunt qui supra.
The members appointed to bring in an overture upon the affair of John
!McNeal above mentioned, did accordingly do it; and the Synod, after much
discourse, do agree in the following particulars.
1st. That from what appears to us, the jealousies which John McNcal had
conceived concerning Mr. Chalker, as being averse from conforming to the
order of the Synod in respect of our adopting the Westminster Confession,
were altogether groundless.
2dly. It* appears more than probable, that these groundless jealousies too
industriously spread and propagated among the people of Wallkill, have been
a principal cause of all the difference which hath fallen out between them and
31r. Chalker.
3dly. That John McNeal hath acted a very disingenuous and sinful part,
in seeming to concur with and approve of the motion of ordaining Mr. Chalker
at New York, and then immediately after to practise upon the people of Wall-
kill at home, to discourage them from adhering to their formerly declared
desires of having Mr. Chalker settled among them. The degree of censure to
be a rebuke from the Moderator.
4thly. That as we can see no ground of charging the people of Bethlehem
or Mr. Chalker with breaking of covenant with the people of Wallkill, so we
are of the mind that what of that kind the people of Wallkill were guilty of,
which principally appears in their letter or remonstrance to the Presbytery,
was chiefly if not wholly owing to John McNeal's industrious spreading his
jealousies as above, and possessing the people of Wallkill with them.
5thly. That seeing Mr. Chalker did transport his family from Long-Island
to the High-Lands, being encouraged thereto by the people of Wallkill, as
well as Bethlehem, with a view of being fixed as pastor of both congregations ;
therefore we judge that in justice, that people are obliged to contribute accord-
ing to agreement, to the discharging the expenses of said transportation, be-
sides satisfaction for the supplies which he gave. And we earnestly exhort
said people to comply with the design of this minute, that so they may clear
their own way, for their being regularly provided with a minister as their cir-
cumstances will afford, which we judge they are not qualified for, until they,
or as many of them as will be a competent congregation, fit to join in the call-
ing of a minister, shall comply with this order; yet, in the mean time, we
judge them capable of being supplied by preaching, and not to be excluded
from sealing ordinances. We also earnestly exhort them to lay aside all their
jealousies and prejudices arising therefrom, and cordially accept of Mr. Chalker
for their pastor, according to the first agreement, until such time as they may
be in a better condition to support a minister of their own.
(jthly. The Synod do also think the Presbytery was too hasty in their pro-
ceeding to jMr. Chalker's ordination in so short a time after the presentation
of his call and trials, and cannot approve of its being performed at such a dis-
tance from the people where he was to officiate.
The abovementioued rebuke was given by the moderator, according to order,
and said McNeal professed submission to it.
A supplication being brought in by the people of Gloucester, representing
1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 121
their sad and deplorable circumstances, and desiring the Synod to provide them
a minister and some supplies, the Synod recommended it to the consideration
of the Presbytery of Philadelphia to look after that affair, and use their dili-
gence to send for a minister for them as speedily as they can, and in the mean
time to provide them all possible supplies.
A supplication being brought into the Synod from one part of the Presby-
terian congregation of Philadelphia, desiring Mr. Ptobert Cross to be granted
them for their minister, with another paper to strengthen the supplication ;
and also another supplication from another part of said congregation, desiring
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson to be their minister ; the Synod not having time to
issue that affair at the present, do defer the consideration of it till to-morrow
morning.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
2Ath day^ at nine o^ clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication being brought into the Synod by John Boyd, by way of an
appeal from the Presbytery of Donegall, in a complaint against Samuel Jack j
the Synod do commit it to Messrs. Andrews, Treat, David Evans, Gillespie,
Houston, and Thomas Evans, to go to the Upper Octorara the last Tuesday
of October, and consider and determine of the business, and that any three of
these to be a quorum ; and it is recommended to the ministers to take elders
with them if they can.
The Presbytery book of Donegall was brought in and approved.
The affair of Philadelphia reassumed, and after much discourse upon the
affair, the further consideration of it deferred till next sederunt.
The west part of Hanover having applied to the Synod for the ordination
of Mr. Cleverly, the Synod do order it to be left to the Presbytery of Phila-
delphia.
The persons appointed to bring in a letter to be sent to the Synod of Ireland,
brought in said letter and it was approved.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'cloch, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The letter to Col. Ogden to be brought in by Messrs. Pemberton and Dick-
inson, was brought in and approved.
An account of the fund was brought in according to a foregoing order, and
the sum total found to be five hundred twenty-four pounds, eighteen shillings
and five pence.
The affair of Philadelphia reassumed, and a new supplication being brought
into the Synod from that part of the congregation which desired Mr. Cross
for their minister, desiring to be erected into a new congregation, capable to
call a minister for themselves ; the motion being entirely new to the Synod,
and the parties not being prepared to go on in that matter, they do defer the
consideration of it till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till eight of the clock to-morrow morning.
Concluded with prayer.
25th day, at eight d clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Philadelphia reassumed. John Frame produced the subscrip-
tion of a considerable number of hands to the supplication put in yesterday,
and all parties were heard what they had to say at length, in reference to the
16
122 MINUTES OF THE [1736.
whole affair, and they being removed, the Sj-nod spent considerable time in
debate upon the affair, and at last agreed that it should be put to the vote,
a new erection or not; and it was carried in the affirmative by a great majo-
rity. Mr. John Smith, of Bethlehem, in the High-Lands of New York, de-
sired that his dissent might be entered in our minutes.
The Presbytery book of Philadelphia was brought in and approved.
Adjourned till two o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At tico of the clocli, P. 31. Post jyreces sederunt qui supra.
A motion being made by some members of the congregation of Philadel-
phia, showing their great dissatisfaction at the judgment of the Synod in erect-
ing them into two separate congregations, and desiring they would review the
affair, the Synod having reasoned much upon the matter at last came to agree
that the judgment should be reviewed ; and, accordingly, the Synod, in order
to their obtaining of more light, took occasion to discourse with several per-
sons of both parts of the congregation, and then all parties being removed, it
was put to the vote, whether we should reverse the judgment whereby we
erected a part of this congregation into a distinct society, and it was carried in
the negative. Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Webb, Elmer, Chalker, and
Wales, desired their dissent to be entered in our minutes ; and then, after some
discourse, the Synod do agree, that the above judgment is not to be under-
stood as designed to oblige said people to erect themselves now into a distinct
society, but only that the Synod allow them so to do. And if said people
shall see cause to continue united with the other part of the congregation as
heretofore, they are also at their liberty. The Synod do also agree, that if
said new erected congregation shall think fit to put the above granted liberty
of being erected, into practice, then they are to notify the moderator of the
commission, who upon such notification is hereby ordered to call the commis-
sion together as soon as conveniently may be, to order, supplies for said new
erection, and to give them directions as they shall judge meet for their being
provided with a minister.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of next September.
Concluded with prayer.
1736.
At a meeting of the Synod,
Ihr. 15, 1730. Uhi post jifcces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson,
James vVnderson, Richard Treat, Joseph Houston, Robert Cathcart, Adam
Boyd, Robert Cross, Robert Jamison, Ebenezer Goold, Hugh Stevenson, Hugh
Carlisle, .James Martin, William Bertram, Alexander Craighead, John Paul,
William Tennent, William Tennent, junior, David Evans.
Elders: Messrs. William (Jray, Andrew Hamilton, James Cook, Charles
Hufty, Robert McCleland, William Mitchell, John Allen, James Calbreath,
William Sharron, Richard Walker, John Henderson, Daniel Wescott.
IMinisters absent: Messrs. Cillespie, Purary, Dickinson, Pierson, Webb,
Pemberton, Hubbell, Horton, John Cross, Chalker, Gilbert Tennent, Blair,
Wales, Morgan, Thomas Evans, Hook, Hutchinson, Conn, Orme, Glascow,
Nutman.
Mr. Adam Boyd chosen moderator, and Mr. John Thomson clerk.
Mr. Robert Cross, last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on
1 Cor. iii. U.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock.
1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 123
16 day, at eight of the clock. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
It being reported by the Presbytery of Donegall, that Mr. Orr having ob-
tained a dismission from his congregation, did soon after disorderly desert the
bounds of that Presbytery as a fugitive of discipline, it is ordered, that his
name be rased out of the catalogue.
No reasons appeared for Mr. Gilbert Tennent's last year's absence.
Mr. Hook sent a letter of excuse for his absence, which was not sustained.
The members of that Presbytery are ordered to intimate to Mr. Hook that
if, for the future, he shall absent himself in like manner, unless his reasons be
more weighty, he will be noticed with more severity.
No reasons appeared for Mr. Hubbell's absence last year, nor for Mr. Gil-
bert Tennent's and Pumry's.
lleasons for Mr. Pierson's, Mr. Gilbert Tennent's, Blair's, Morgan's, Thomas
Evan's, absence now, were sustained.
Messrs. Anderson, Thomson, Andrews, Jamison, Houston, Robert Cross, and
the moderator, be a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod
shall recommend to them.
The Presbyterial books of the Presbyteries of New Castle, Donegall, Lewis,
and East Jersey, were not brought.
Mr. Cathcart, and Mr. Tennent, junior, ordered to revise the Presbytery
book of Philadelphia.
Messrs. Thomson, Anderson, Houston, Cathcart, Martin, Alexander Craig-
head, William Tennent, senior and junior, report that they have brought
something for the fund.
The Synod taking notice that whatever members of the Synod bring to the
fund those years wherein they attend the Synod, there is no care taken by any
of them to procure and send any contributions thereunto those years in which
they are absent ; and in order to make up this defect, the Synod orders that
every Presbytery within our bounds, oblige their respective members to be
provided with their respective contributions in due season, before the meeting
of the Synod yearly, in order that if any of their members should be neces-
sarily absent from the Synod, their contributions may, notwithstanding, be
sent to the Synod.
Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton,
Pierson, Thomas Evans, Robert Cross, Martin, and the moderator, are ap-
pointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
The Presbytery of Donegall report that Mr. Alexander Craighead was last
winter ordained to the work of the ministry, and at that time did adopt the
Westminster Confession of Faith, &c. ; and also, both he and Mr. John Paul,
lately from Ireland, having now heard the several resolutions and acts of the
Synod in relation to the adopting said Confession, &c. did, before the Synod,
declare their agreement thereunto. Also Mr. John Madowell, a probationer
from Ireland, producing his credentials from the Presbytery of Temple Pat-
rick, and session of Dunagor, together with various letters of recommendation
from several brethren of note in the north of Ireland, all which were sustained
and approven, and accordingly he was received by the Synod as a probationer,
and recommended to the kind entertainment and encouragement of any Pres-
bytery within our bounds to which he may be disposed to oifer himself.
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the end of the
session.
The members who were appointed last year by the Synod to inquire into
the scandalous reports of Mr. Gelston's misbehaviour in the High-Lands of
New York, did as appointed, and sent an account of what discovery they
could make of those matters to the Presbyteries of Donegall and New Castle,
12-1 MINUTES OF THE [1736.
who some time after met, and did take off the suspension from IMr. Gelston
and restore him again to the exercise of his ministry. Mr. Cross also, toge-
ther with the members of the committee appointed to take Mr. Tudor's trials,
viz. Messrs. Pumry and Chalker, &c. did meet according to appointment, but
did not ordain said Mr. Tudor, because of his insufficiency. Mr. Webb, Mr.
Nutman, Mr. James Cross, being appointed members of said committee did not
attend.
The Presbytery of Lewis did erect themselves according to order of Synod
last year.
It is reported by the Presbytery of Lewis that Mr. Patrick Glasen, after
passing through ordinary trials, and adopting the Westminster Confession,
&c. was licensed to preach the gospel, and in pursuance of a call from the peo-
ple and congregation of Monokin, in Somerset, in Maryland, and after the
usual steps and trials in such cases, and a reported declaration of his adopting
the Westminster Confession, &c. he was ordained a minister of the gospel and
pastor of said people of Monokin.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At tliree of the dock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qxii supra.
The account of the fund not yet brought in.
It is reported by the members of New C;istle Presbytery that Mr. Andrew
Archbold being under a fama damosa of uucleanness with a certain young
woman of his own congregation, and the Presbytery meeting, pro re nata, ou
that occasion, and not having light to come to a judgment at first, appointed
therefore another meeting the week following, to in([uiro further into the truth
of said report, but Mr. Archbold not appearing to justify himself, and a depo-
sition of another young woman in the neighbourhood signifying that she was
with child by him, with many other presumptions of guilt ; upon this the
Presbytery laid him under suspension until he should appear and justify him-
self, since which time he hath wholly absconded.
The committee appointed to meet at Upper Octorara to inquire into the
merits of an appeal of John Boyd, of said Octorara, from the judgment of the
Presbytery of Donegall, did meet according to appointment, and produced the
minutes of their proceedings in that affair, which were read and approved, and
ordered to be kept in rctentis.
The proceedings of the commission of the Synod, which met here in June
last to act in the affair of the new erected congregation in this city, are ordered
to be inserted into our minutes, and are as foUoweth.*
• At a commission of the Synod held at Philadelphia,
On the \llh day of June, 1736. Post preces sederunt.
Messrs. Robert Cross moderator, .John Thomson, James Anderson, and Thomas Evans,
members present. Thomas Evans chosen clerk.
Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, George Gillespie, Jonathan Dickinson,
Ebeuezer Pemberton, and John Pierson, absent.
A letter of excuse being come to hand from Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, and Pember-
ton, for their absence, was read, and the reasons of their absence sustained.
The commission now meetinji, at the instance of the people allowed to form themselves
into a new erection, it was ordered, that the minutes of our Synod relating to said erec-
tion, be read, which was done.
A supplication from the said erection, or separate society, in Philadelphia, being pre-
sented to the commission, wherein representing the unsuccessfulness of the endeavours
they had hitherto used in order to a re-union with the other part of the congregation,
they requested for supplies. The commission judging that a re-union of said separate
1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 125
The appointments of the Synod in reference to supplying the new erection,
were fulfilled.
A supplication from the people of the new erection in this city desiring us
to appoint one of our members to moderate in their drawing up a call to
society ■with the rest of the congregation, if it could be possibly obtained on satisfactory
terms to both parties, is much more desirable, as things now appear, thought it expedient
to defer the consideration of said request for supplies, until some proper measures be
taken to make a trial towards the desired re-union. Accordingly, upon our signification
of this our mind to the party present, and our pressing them to do their part towards
said re-union, they condescended so far as to declare a willingness to have a conference
with the other part of the congregation on that head. Upon which it was agreed, in
order to obtain said conference, that Messrs. Cross and Evans should acquaint Mr. An-
drews, and some of the principal members of the other part of the congregation, with
our desire of the same, and that every member of the commission should use their en-
deavours as opportunity oifers towards effecting said union.
Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
18th day, at ten of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Craighead being now present gave the reasons of his absence yesterday, which
were sustained.
Upon reading yesterday's order of acquainting Mr. Andrews, and some others of his
now congregation, with our desire of using endeavours in order to make trial for the
aforesaid re-union, the moderator reported that he and Mr. Evans had been with Andrews
as appointed, and that Mr. Andrews heartily approved of the design, and accordingly
fell in with it so far as to offer to propose the same to the members of his committee,
which he did, and they, upon Mr. Andrews's motion, met, and after some conference
among themselves about the matter, the result they came to was sent in writing to Mr.
Andrews, in order to acquaint us with the contents thereof, the copy whereof is as fol-
loweth, viz.
Philadelphia, June \8th, 1736.
The committee thinks it very strange that the commission of the Synod, who were
called here without the knowledge of the committee, should send any messages to the
committee concerning the uniting the two little congregations of Presbyterians in this
city, (though a thing much to be desired by all good men,) because the committee have
lately been informed that the sole business of the commission now was to appoint minis-
tei-s to preach to the congregation which the Synod most deliberately gave leave to sepa-
rate and make a new erection. And the committee are also informed that the said con-
gregation have provided a place which they are at this time fitting up for their purpose,
and it is still more strange, considering the major part of the commission were the most
active in contriving and bringing about the separation, notwithstanding some members
of the committee pleaded so much against it, and showed such a dislike to their proceed-
ings. And the committee are of the opinion, that they should not interfere with an affair
belonging to another congregation.
A copy of the result of the committee sent by John Snowden, William Gray, William
Spafford, George Sharswood, Thomas Powell, Edward Shippen.
The commission having read and considered the above result, do judge the import
thereof to be, that the committee does look upon those persons who were allowed by the
last Synod to erect themselves into a separate society, to be a distinct congregation from
them, and therefore decline to have any conference with them in order to re-union.
The commission having deliberately considered the circumstances of the whole affair,
do conclude that, (at least at present,) there is no probability of a re-union between the
old congregation of this city and the new erection, and therefore do conclude that our
way is now clear to order supplies to the said new erection, in compliance not only with
the direction of the Synod in September last to that purpose, but also the earnest and
repeated desires of said people, they having been industrious to prepare a house for the
public worship of God among them.
Adjourned till four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At four o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication from the abovesaid new erection, requesting that they might be supplied
126 MINUTES OF THE [1736.
a minister, was read, the consideration of which deferred till to-morrow
moruiug.
A paper from Mr. Henry Hunter, representing grievances in his present
condition, and desiring the Synod's advice and assistance in reference thereunto,
was produced and read, the consideration hereof deferred till to-morrow.
A supplication from the people of Paxton and Derry to the Synod, is re-
ferred to the committee of the fund, &c. which is to meet at eight o'clock, to-
morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
17 th day, at (en o'clock, postjjveces sederunt qui siqva.
The account of the fund is not yet brought in.
The supplication from the new erection in this city came under considera-
tion, and after some reasoning about the matter, it being put to the vote
whether their request should be granted, it was carried in the affirmative by a
great majority, and Mr. Thomson was appointed to moderate and assist that
people in drawing up a call to any minister about whom they shall agree.
Mr. Hunter's affair came under consideration, and his paper was read a
second time. Ordered, That the minutes of the Presbytery of Lewis be
also read, which was done. Both Mr. Hunter and the members of the Pres-
bytery of Lewis, offered a great deal in order to clearing the matter. After
some debates it was moved, that all but members should remove, and then the
Synod entered upon a serious debate about the whole affair. Mr. Hunter
being called in and being interrogated, produced his credentials, which were
known by some persons present to be genuine. It is recommended to Mr.
Andrews, Mr. Anderson, Mr. Elmer, and Mr. Thomson, to endeavour to
draw up an overture upon the whole affair, to be brought in against the after-
noon.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sedei-unt qui supra.
The account of the fund not yet brought in.
The members appointed to draw up an overture on IMr. Hunter's affair,
report that they have not done any thing in that affair, on account that they
did not agree in their judgments. The further consideration of that affair
deferred till afterwards.
An overture of the committee upon the supplication of the people of Paxton
and Derry, was brought in and is as followeth. That the Synod do declare,
that inasmuch as we understand that many persons of our persuasion, both
more lately and formerly, have been offended with some expressions or dis-
tinctions in the first or preliminary act of our Synod, contained in the printed
until next Synod by the Rev. Messrs. Robert Cross, James Anderson, and Francis Ali-
son, or any others whom the commission should think proper. It was ordered, that
Messrs. Anderson and Cross supply them next Sabbath, and Mr. Cross the next Sabbath
following, Mr. Alison the four Sabbaths in July, Mr. Paul the three first Sabbaths of
August, Mr. Black the two last Sabbaths of August, and the first Sabbath of September,
Mr. (Iross the second Sabbath of September.
Ordered, That the moderator write a letter to Messrs. Alison, Paul, and Black, to ac-
quaint them with these apjiointments.
The people of the new erection being called in, and the above orders being read in
their hearing, they cheerfully and thankfully acquiesced in the same, and being exhor-
ted by the moderator to behave themselves christianly, modestly, and humbly, under
the jiresent encouraging turn of Divine Providence so much in tiieir favour, they were
dismissed, and the present meeting of the commission concluded with prayer.
1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 127
paper, relating to our receiving or adopting the Westminster Confession and
Catechisms, &c : That in order to remove said offence, and all jealousies
that have arisen or may arise in any of our people's minds, on occasion of
said distinctions and expressions, the Synod doth declare, that the Synod have
adopted and_ still do adhere to the Westminster Confession, Catechisms, and
Directory, without the least variation or alteration, and without any regard to
said distinctions. And we do further declare, that this was our meaning and
true intent in our first adopting of said Confession, as may particularly ap-
pear by our adopting act which is as followeth : All the ministers of the
Synod now present, (which were eighteen in number, except one that declared
himself not prepared,) after proposing all the scruples any of them had to
make against any articles and expressions in the Confession of Faith, and
Larger and Shorter Catechisms of the Assembly of Divines at Westminster,
have unanimously agreed in the solution of these scruples, and in declaring
the said Confession and Catechisms to be the confession of their faith, excep°
only some clauses in the twentieth and twenty-third chapters, concerning whicH
clauses the Synod do unanimously declare, that they do not receive these
articles in any such sense as to suppose the civil magistrate hath a controlling
power over Synods with respect to the exercise of their ministerial authority,
or power to persecute any for their religion, or in any sense contrary to the
Protestant succession to the throne of Great Britain.
And we hope and desire, that this our Synodical declaration and explication
may satisfy all our people, as to our firm attachment to our good old received
doctrines contained in said confession, without the least variation or alteration,
and that they will lay aside their jealousies that have been entertained through
occasion of the above hinted expressions and declarations as groundless. This
overture approved nemine contradkente.
An appeal of some of Mr. Tennent's people from the judgment of the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia, was brought in and read; together with a supplication
from said persons to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and their judgment upon
It. After that Mr. Tennent, the appellants, and the members of the Presby-
tery of Philadelphia, were heard at length, at last all parties were ordered to
remove, and the Synod entered upon a debate upon this affair, and at last
agreed in the following unanimous judgment, viz : That it appears evident to
this Synod, that Mr. Tennent having in all respects acted, and been esteemed,
and looked upon, not only by this Synod, but also by the congregation of
Neshaminy, and particularly by the appellants themselves, as the minister
and pastor of the people of Neshaminy, that he is still to be esteemed as the
pastor of that people, notwithstanding the want of a formal instalment among
them, (which omission, though the Synod doth not justify, yet it is far from
nullifying the pastoral relation between Mr. Tennent and said people,) and
consequently that the Synod doth justify the judgment of the Presbytery of
Philadelphia in reference to that matter, and that said appellants had no
just cause of complaining against or appealing from said judgment of the
Presbytery.
Mr. Bertram is allowed to depart on account of his indisposition.
The committee ordered to meet at eight o'clock, to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock, to-morrow mornin<y.
Concluded with prayer.
I^th day at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund not yet brought in.
Mr. Hunter's affair reassumed, and after much discourse and several ques-
tions asked at Mr. Hunter, together with his answers being heard, and Mr.
128 MINUTES OF THE [1736.
Hunter and all but members being removed, the Synod entered upon a serious
debate about what we have heard, and after spending considerable time, at
last it was agreed that Mr. Thomson and Mr. Cross shall each endeavour to
prepare an overture upon this affair, to be brought in, in order to be approven
against the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At 3 o'clock, P. 31. post jireces sedemnt qui supra.
The affiiir of the fund continued.
The affair of Mr. Hunter reassumed, and 3Ir. Cross and Mr. Thomson
brought in their overtures, which were very parallel, and the substance as
approved by the Synod was as followed.
The Synod having maturely weighed and considered the following particu-
lars, viz :
1. That Mr. Henry Hunter has his credentials from the Presbytery of
Antrim, which has separated from the Synod of Ireland, and with whom
we have no communion, when he might have easily applied to other Presby-
teries.
2. That he brought with him thence a certain instrument in writing, de-
claring him capable of administering the sacraments of the New Testament ;
when he himself acknowledges that he was not set apart to the work of the
ministry by the imposition of hands or any of the rites of ordination.
3. That he acknowledges the design of getting the above instrument or cer-
tificate was, that if he should meet with any people of his principles that
would entertain him as their pastor, he would have accepted the pastoral
charge of them under that circumstance.
4. That when Mr. Hunter was asked before the Synod, whether he had any
other papers or certificates besides that of his license, he said he had none, and
yet afterwards owned he had the abovesaid paper or instrument.
5. That it appears probable to the Synod, that he had been forming a
design, and that money hath been given for him to go to the Bishop of Lou-
don for ordination. These things, together with the great prevarication he
hath been guilty of, and the disregard he hath shown to our discipline and
government, and the ground we have to suspect his principles, have deter-
mined the Synod to come to the following conclusion, viz : not to receive or
entertain the said 3Ir. Hunter as a probationer or minister among us at present.
Approved nemine contradicente.
The above judgment being read unto Mr. Hunter, he applied unto the
Synod for advice how to behave under his present circumstances ; to which
the moderator replied in the name of the Synod, that they would give him an
answer against Monday next.
A call from the new erection of this city to the llev. Mr. Ilobert Cross,
together with a supplication to the Synod, containing their reasons or argu-
ments to move the Synod to concur with the design of said call, were read,
and the consideration hereof is deferred until Monday morning, at ten of the
clock.
The committee for the fund to meet at nine o'clock on Monday morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock on Monday morning.
Concluded with prayer.
20th day at 10 ochch, A. 31. Post 2>reccs sederunt qui sujira.
The account of the fund is brought in, and it amounts to the sum of five
hundred forty-one pounds and nine pence.
An overture coucoruiug the fund was brought iu by the committee, and
1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 129
unanimously approved, and is as follows : that the committee for the fund meet
after the breaking up of the Synod, in order to consult upon a method for the
better securing of the fund, as well as distributing according to the necessity
of such persons as will apply to them for relief, and to defray necessary charges
of the press.
The Synod taking Mr. Hunter's request for advice into consideration, after
some discourse, agree that the moderator should first admonish him concerning
his past misconduct, and the occasion of jealousy concerning his principles
which he has given by his conduct, and inquiring his motives in seeking to
enter upon the work of the ministry, and advise him for the future to behave
so as to testify his sense of his misconduct, and his sincere attachment to sound
principles as well as purposes of a regular walk.
The affair of the call of Mr. Cross reassumed, and the supplication from said
people again read. And after some debate, it was agreed that said call should
be presented to Mr. Cross, and his sentiments concerning it desired by the
Synod. In answer to which he declared, that he was clearly convinced and
persuaded in his judgment, as things now appear, that it is his duty to stay
with the people of Jamaica ; and that he thought the Synod could not deter-
mine this matter until his people be apprised hereof, and have opportunity to
declare themselves concerning it. After much and long debating about this
affair, at last it was agreed that the clerk and Mr. Elmer, each of them by
himself, should endeavour to prepare an overture upon the affair to be brought
in, in the afternoon, to be considered by the Synod.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Cathcart is absent without liberty asked or obtained of the Synod.
Ordered, That the janitor for the future be paid out of the fund.
The next meeting of the Synod, is appointed to be on the fourth Wednesday
of May next at Philadelphia.
An overture upon the affair of Mr. Cross's transportation, was brought in
and is as followeth.
1st. That inasmuch as the people of Jamaica, whom we look upon as a party
principally interested in this matter, have not been yet seasonably apprised of
it, nor have they had any opportunity to lay in their objections against Mr.
Cross's transportation to the new erected congregation, the Synod cannot now
come to a final judgment or declaration herein. And therefore the Synod doth
defer their judgment concerning it until next meeting of the Synod, and order
that the people of Jamaica have a copy of our minutes relating hereunto ; that
they, together with a copy of the reasons advanced by this new congregation,
be sent unto them, that they may prepare to appear in opposition to said call
against next meeting, if they think fit.
2dly. That, in the mean time, Mr. Cross be appointed to supply this people
two months before the next meeting of the Synod.
3dly. That the people of this new erection be allowed the nomination of
ministers or candidates belonging to the Synod for their supply the rest of the
time, wherein Mr. Cross is not appointed to supply them, and that the Pres-
byteries unto which such ministers to be appointed to supply this new erec-
tion do belong, shall appoint supplies in the room of such ministers, while they
are absent from their respective congregations supplying this.
4thly. That the Synod shall order supplies to the people of Jamaica during
the time of Mr. Cross's supplying here, as they shall judge most convenient.
5thly. Mr. Cross, and whatever other actual minister shall be ordered t-^
supply this new erection, shall, as far as circumstances will allow, ad
17
130 MINUTES OF THE [1737.
behave among them, for promoting of their edification publicly and privately,
as if they stood in a personal relation to them.
Some reasons for supporting this overture.
1st. That justice shall hereby be done to both congregations by this neces-
sary delay.
2dly. Hereby provision will be made for this congregation as much to their
desire and edification as possibly can be in such circumstances.
odly. This Synod will appear to act tenderly and conscientiously, and to
avoid precipitancy on both hands.
4thly. During this intervening time, by Divine Providence, the aspect of
these affairs may be so far altered and cleared, that the Synod may be able to
determine, both to the edification and satisfaction of all parties concerned.
Lastly. We think it would be very unsafe at present, finally to determine the
matter one way or other, lest we should commit a very hurtful mistake.
The above overture and reasons were approven ncminc contradiccnte.
And accordingly Mr. Cross is appointed to supply this new erection next
Sabbath, and as many Sabbaths immediately before our next meeting as will
complete the above two months. Mr. Pumry is ordered to supply Jamaica the
second Sabbath of April, Mr. Lamb the fourth Sabbath of April, Mr. John
Cross the first two Sabbaths in May.
Mr. Madowell is appointed to supply this new erection the months of Octo-
ber and November, Mr. Jamison the month of December, Mr. Alison the
month of January, Mr. Carlile the month of February, Mr. Alexander the
month of March.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet to-morrow morning, at nine
of the clock.
Adjourned till the fourth "Wednesday of May. Concluded with prayer.
1737.
According to appointment the Synod met at Philadelphia,
May Ibth, 1737. Ubi j)ost preccs scdcnint
Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson, James Anderson,
Richard Treat, Joseph Houston, Ilobert Cathcart, Adam Boyd, Robert Cross,
Robert Jamison, Hugh Carlile, James Martin, Johu l^iul, William Teunent,
Gilbert Tennent, Henry Hook, George Gillespie, Thomas Evans, Samuel
Blair, Samuel Black, Francis Alison, Patrick Glascow, and Alexander Huch-
€son.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Ebenezer Goold, Daniel
Elmer, Hugh Stevenson, William Bertram, Alexander Craighead, William
Tennent, jun'r., David Evans, Hugh Conn, Johu Orme, David Cowell, Ebe-
nezer Weld, John Cross, John Pierson, Jonathan Dickinson, Joseph Webb,
Samuel Pumry, Ebenezer Pemberton, Hubbell, Horton, Chalker, Nutman.
Elders present : Messrs. William Gray, Thomas Boyd, Philip Tanner,
Jeremiah Lockery, John Wilson, James Buchanan, iNIatthew Adams, John
Richcy, Samuel Allen, William McC^ullough, Robert Patton.
Mr. Hook chosen moderator, Mr. Evans clerk.
Mr. Boyd, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on
2 Cor. iv. 5.
Adjourned till 9 of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26 rfoy, at nine o^ clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Masters Gillespie, Hook, Hucheson, Glascow, and Gilbert Tennent, gave
reasons for their absence last year, which were sustained.
1737.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 131
All the members of the Presbytery of East Jersey, were absent last year
except Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Pierson, Blair, and William Tennent, jun'r.
and no reasons given 3 and said members are now also absent, (except Gilbert
Tennent.)
Messrs. Thomson, Andrews, Boyd, Treat, Gillespie, Martin, and the mode-
rator, appointed to be a committee for the Fund, and any other business the
Synod shall recommend to them.
The Presbytery books of Lewis, New Castle, and East-Jersey, were not
brought. Messrs. Alison and Cathcart, ordered to revise the Presbytery
book of Dunagall, and Mr. Anderson and Mr. Cross, the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that Masters Anderson, Thomson, Jamison, Paul, William Tennent, and
Gillespie, had brought something, which was ordered to be delivered to Mr.
Andrews.
Messrs. Anderson, Andrews, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton,
Pierson, Robert Cross, Thomas Evans, Boyd, and the moderator, appointed
to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing, and that if they have
occasion to meet, they endeavour to have elders with them.
Messrs. Bertram, David Evans, John Cross, and William Tennent, jun'r.
sent reasons of their absence, which were sustained.
It is reported that Mr. David Cowell in the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and
Mr. Samuel Black in the Presbytery of Dunagall, and Mr. Francis Alison in
the Presbytery of New Castle, were, after the usual trials, ordained since last
Synod, and that said persons did all of them adopt the Westminster Confes-
sion, &c., according to order of Synod.
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the Synod
break up.
Mr. Cathcart acknowledged his irregularity of departing from last Synod
without leave, promising better care in that matter for the future, which was
accepted.
The appointments of last Synod, with respect to the new erection in Phila-
delphia and the congregation of Jamaica, were fulfilled. And inquiry being
made whether there were any representatives or letters from Jamaica, relating
to Mr. Cross's transportation, it was found that a letter was come which was
ordered to be brought in, in the afternoon. And the representatives of the
new erection were ordered to bring in what they had to offer in the after-
noon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The order with relation to the fund continued.
Mr. Hunter having petitioned that he might be restored to preach the gos-
pel of Christ, &c. and we being satisfied of his good and becoming carriage
and conduct since our last, are willing to give him all due encouragement.
But considering the judgment of the Synod last year, and the reasons of it,
we cannot allow the said Mr. Hunter to preach the gospel until he has first
gone through the ordinary course of trials in some Presbytery belonging to
this Synod, and the Synod does recommend it to the Presbytery to which he
may apply, to treat him with all suitable and Christian lenity and tenderness,
which was approved, nemine contradiccnte.
The above minute being read to Mr. Hunter he desired time to consider of
it, which was granted.
The affair of the new erection at Philadelphia, deferred till to-morrow
morning.
132 MINUTES OF THE [1737.
A reference from the Presbytery of Philadelphia relating to Mr. Morgan's
suspension coming before us, and after reading the minutes of said Presby-
tery, with the evidences they grounded their judgment upon, and Mr. Morgan
having liberty to oifer what he thought fit in his own defence, the afl'air, after
due consideration, was left to the committee to bring an overture upon it to-
morrow morning.
Ordered, That the committee meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morn-
Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
27th day. At ten of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The order respecting the fund continued.
The committee brought in an overture on Mr. Morgan's affair, which is as
followcth, viz.
Overtured, on Mr. Morgan's affair. That inasmuch as it would be both dif-
ficult and tedious for the whole Synod to make a particular inquiry into the
whole afi'air, the Synod appoint the Presbyteries of Philadelphia and East
Jersey to meet as a committee at Maidenhead, and judge of said affair, and
absolve Mr. Morgan from the censure he lies under, if he appear suitably
penitvnt, and no new accusations be advanced against him ; and Mr. Morgan
to continue under suspension until said committee meet, and that at least
three members of each Presbytery meet as a quorum. The first Wednesday
of August to be the time of meeting; and it is ordered, that every minister
do endeavour to bring an elder with him. Approved, ncmine contradicentc.
Mr. Hunter came in and professed his acquiescence with the Synod's con-
clusion in his affair.
The affair of Mr. Cross's transportation reassumed, and a supplication from
the new erection pressing the accomplishment of it pursuant to their call to
him, and a letter from the congregation of Jamaica, offering reasons against
his transportation, being read, together with the minutes of our last on said
affair, the Synod thought it proper to inquire of Mr. Cross himself what his
present sentiments were respecting said affair; which being done by the mo-
derator, he desired liberty to defer giving his answer till the next sederunt,
which was granted.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three of the clock, P. 31. Post p>^'cces sederunt qui supra.
The order respecting the fund continued.
A paper being brought in by Mr. Enoch Armitage, signed by many hands
of the congregations of Hopewell and IMaidenhcad, requesting, that since Mr.
Morgan is not likely to be useful any more as a minister among them, from
his repeated miscarriages, if the Synod should see cause to restore him to his
ministry, he might not be reinstated as their minister : The Synod came to
this result, that the people of Hopewell and 3Iaideuhead be left at their liberty
to entertain Mr. Morgan as their pastor or not, even supposing the committee
appointed to meet on his affair in August, should see cause to restore him to
tlje exercise of the ministry; only the Synod enjoins the people to pny to Mr.
Morgan what arrears are due to him for time past. The above minute approved,
non Ine contradiccute.
The affair of 3Ir. Cross's transportation came again under consideration, and
the representatives of the new erected congregation of this city put in a sup-
plication which was read, the purport whereof was to invalidate what was
offered in the supplication from Jamaica : Mr. Cross was desired to give hia
1737.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 133
sentiments of this affair, which he did at length, and at last submitted himself
wholly to the judgment of the Synod, and then, all parties being removed, the
Synod entered upon a very serious debate about this whole affair, in which
considerable time being spent, at last after solemn calling upon Grod for light
and direction in such a momentous matter, it was put to the vote, Transport
Mr. Cross from Jamaica to Philadelphia or not, and it was carried in the
affirmative, ncmine confradicenfe.
A letter was brought in from Mr. Henricus Goetschius to Mr. Andrews,
signifying his desire, and the desire of many people of the German nation,
that he might be ordained by order of Synod to the work of the ministry, upon
which the said Mr. Goetschius was desired to appear before the Synod, that
they might see his credentials and have some discourse with him ; which being
done, he produced testimonials from Germany, which were ample and satis-
factory to the Synod respecting his learning and good Christian conversation ;
whereupon he was recommended to the care of the Presbytery of Philadelphia,
to act upon further trials of him, with respect to his ordination, as to them
should seem fit.
Ordered, That the committee meet to-morrow morning at eight of the clock.
Adjourned till tea of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer,
2Sth day. At ten of the doch, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued. '
Upon reading the minutes of the last sederunt respecting Mr. Cross's trans-
portation, at his request it was ordered, that Messrs. Thomson and Anderson
write a suitable letter to the congregation of Jamaica, signifying what was done
in said affair, and bring it in before the Synod break up.
A supplication from the new erection in this city being brought in and read,
it was referred to the committee to bring in an overture upon it.
A supplication from part of the congregation of Neshaminy, containing
matters of complaint against Mr. William Tennent, and also an answer to the
several articles of said supplication from another part of the said congregation
being brought in, and both of them read article by article, and both parties
heard at length what they had to say, all parties were ordered to remove, and
some time being taken upon the merits of that cause, Mr. Thomson was ordered
to draw up an overture on that affair, and bring it in, in the afternoon.
Mr. Cathcart asked leave to depart, and it was granted.
Ordered, That the committee meet at three of the clock, P. M.
Adjourned till four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At four of the dock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the account of the fund be brought in next sederunt.
Upon the affair of Neshaminy overtured. That the reasons advanced by the
disaffected party of that congregation in their supplication, in justification of
their non-compliance with the Synod's judgment in relation to them last year,
and their desire to be freed from Mr. Tennent as their pastor, are utterly in-
sufficient, being founded, (as appears to us,) partly upon ignorance and mis-
take, and partly, (as we fear,) upon prejudice. It is therefore ordered, that
the modei'ator recommend it to said people to lay aside such groundless dis-
satisfactions, and return to their duty, which they have too long strayed from,
otherwise the Synod will be bound in duty to treat them as disorderly. Ap-
proved, nemine contradicentc.
Overtured, That Mr. Cross's instalment be as soon as conveniently may be
after his return from Jamaica, and that the Synod on Monday next appoint the
person that shall iustal him.
£
s.
d.
516
4
lU
GO
19
11
11
00
3
134 MINUTES OF THE [1737.
Ovcrtured, That IMr. Elder supply the new erection the three last Sabbaths
in June, and the first in July ; Mr. Alexander the other four Sabbaths in
July, and 3Ir. Curlile the mouth of August, if there be occasion.
Overtured, That one hundred pounds be allowed out of the fund to enable
the new erected congregation to build an house of worship, and that said hun-
dred pounds be paid at the meeting of the next Synod, if sijid congregation be
obliged to build a meeting-house for themselves ; and that the Synod at their
meeting consider what is further to be done that way. ]?ut in case the two
congregations should unite to their mutual satisfaction, that then there be
only fifty pounds allowed them out of the'fund, towards purchasing a burying
ground.
The above overture approved, nemi'ne contradlccnte.
Adjourned till ten of the clock on Monday morning.
The committee to meet at eight of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
oO^A day, at ten of the clocJc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund brought in, and it appears that there is in it antece-
dent to any disbursements to be made this year :
Due per bonds, - - -
Per interest on said bonds,
In cash, . - - .
In all, £588 5 U-
A supplication coming in from Trenton to the committee, desiring that
something might be allowed to them out of the fund, overtured that five
pounds be allowed them for this present year, £5 0 0
Overtured, That the janitor have for his service the sum of 1 10 0
Pursuant to a supplication from Mr. Black's congregation, over-
tured that they be allowed the sum of five pounds, 5 0 0
Ovcrtured, That the treasurer have for his service the sum of 6 0 0
The above overtures were approved.
Mr. William Tennent, senior, having last year supplicated the committee
to remit him the interest of his bond for four years then past, and the com-
mittee taking this into consideration, thought it not proper to grant him his
request, but referred it to the consideration and determination of the Synod ;
which being now brought into the Synod, and Mr. Tennent renewing his
petition, they taking it into consideration, agreed to grant his request, the said
four years' interest amounting to the sum of seven pounds four shillings.
The Synod, according to the order of Saturday, coming to consider who
shall instal Mr. Cross to the new erection, do now appoint Mr. Andrews to
do the same, and that from this time Mr. Cross and said new erection be
joined to the Presbytery of J'hiladelphia.
Mr. Anderson and Mr. Thomson brouglit in their letter to the people of
Jamaica, which was approved, and ordered to be sent to them.
An overture to be considered by the committee of the Synod.
Inasmuch as God, who is a God of order, requires in an especial manner,
that all the affairs of his kingdom on earth should be done decently and in
order ; and inasmuch as there may be frequent occasion in the course of Divine
Providence, for the transportation or moving of ministers, or probationary
preachers, from one Presbytery to another ; for preventing many inconve-
niences that may ensue upon irregular steps that may be taken on such occa-
sions, it is humbly proposed as a fit expedient :
1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 135
First. That no probationer take upon him to preach in any vacant congre-
gation without the order of the Presbyter}' under whose care he is.
Secoudly. That no such probationer preach to any vacant congregation
without the bounds of the Presbytery to which he belongs, until his way be
cleared thereunto by the order and appointment of the Presbytery under whose
care and inspection such congregation is.
Thirdly. That no Presbytery take upon them to appoint such probationer
to preach within their bounds without Presbyterial credentials, or recommen-
dations for that purpose from the Presbytery unto which such probationer be-
longs.
Fourthly. That no vacant congregation take upon them to invite or en-
courage any minister, or probationer, to preach among them without the con-
sent and concurrence of their own Presbytery, nor until such probationer has
preached before them with approbation.
Fifthly. That no minister take upon him to invite any minister, or proba-
tioner, from the bounds of another Presbytery, to preach unto any vacant
congregation without the advice and concurrence of the brethren of his own
Presbytery.
To evince the reasonableness of the above particulars, besides the inconve-
niences that may ensue upon the neglecting of such an order or method, it may
be considered that both probationers and vacant congregations are and ought
to look upon themselves as under the direction and government of their respec-
tive Presbyteries. That they ought to be ordered, directed, and concurred
with, by them, in all the steps taken in order to their being settled.
It is also humbly proposed that the Synod would make an order to inquire
yearly, at our respective Presbyteries, concerning their observation of the order
and agreement of September, 1735, in relation to our receiving of ministers
and preachers from Europe.
This above overture approved.
Mr. Barr, in behalf of the new erection of this city, supplicated the Synod
for their direction and assistance in sending to Great Britain, or Ireland, for
some assistance of money for them. The Synod agrees to it, and appoints
Mr. Thomson, Mr. Anderson, Mr. Cross, and the moderator, to assist said
congregation in said affair. '
The Presbytery books of Philadelphia and Donegall were brought in and
approved.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia, at two of the clock, P. 31. Concluded with prayer.
1738.
May the lUh, 1738.
The Synod met at Philadelnhia according to appointment.
V h i j^ost preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, William Tennent, David Evans,
Daniel Elmer, llichard Treat, Hugh Carlile, David Cowell, George Gillespie,
Joseph Houston, Robert Cathcart, Francis Alison, Charles Tennent, Jonathan
Dickinson, John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Gilbert Tennent, William
Tennent, junior, John Cross, Samuel Blair, Henry Hook, James Martin,
Robert Jameson, James Anderson, John Thomson, Adam Boyd, John Paul,
Alexander Craighead, and Samuel Black.
Elders : Messrs. William Gray, Richard Walker, James Abraham, James
Erwin, William Semple, Philip Tanner, Robert Calwell, Robert Finney,
136 MIXUTES OF THE [1738.
William McMackin, James McCroy, Ricbard Alison, Andrew Cregg, John
llobb, John Luckey, William Sherran, Robert McConachy.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Robert Cross, Ebenezer Goold, Eleazer Wales,
Thomas Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, Joseph Webb, Aaron Rurr, Simon
Horton, John Nutman, Isaac Chalker, Samuel J^umry, Walter Wilmot, Patrick
Glascow, Hugh Stevenson, Thomas Craighead, William Bertram, John Orme,
Hugh Conn.
Mr. Henry Hook, last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from
John xxi. 14.
Mr. Richard Treat chosen moderator, and Mr. Francis Alison clerk.
Messrs. Elmer, Cowel, Craighead, Pierson, Dickinson, Pemberton, Horton,
Webb, and Nutman, gave reasons for their absence last year, which were
sustained.
Messrs. Thomson, Andrews, Dickinson, Pemberton, Boyd, Gillespie, Ander-
son, Martin, and the moderator, appointed for a committee for the fund, and
any other business the Synod shall recommend to them.
The Presbytery books of ]jewis and East Jersey were not brought. jMessrs.
Houston and Hook ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia;
Messrs. Paul and Martin to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle;
Messrs. John Cross and William Tennent, jun'r, to revise the Presbytery book
of Dunagall.
The Presbytery of Long-Island being reduced so that a quorum cannot
statedly meet about business, it is ordered, that they be united to the Presby-
tery of East-Jersey, and to be henceforth known by the name of the Presbytery
of New York.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
25th dai/, at nine o'clock, A. 31. ])Ost preces secJerunt qui supra.
The Synod taking the state of the fund into consideration, and finding that
many congregations arc deficient in contributing to so good a design, and that
ministers have not been so careful as they might be in proposing and endeav-
ouring that thing, it is unanimously agreed by all the members of the Synod,
that every minister shall eithcTr seasonably propose the afiair, and read the
Synod's letter to their respective congregations, and appoint a day for a public
collection, if there be occasion for such a step to carry on the design, or oblige
themselves to pay out of their own proper estates ten shillings to the fund ;
and that every Presbytery take care that their respective members, observe an
order made in the year 1736, (directing absent members to send collections,)
and that they, as soon as possible, notify what is now done to all the absent
members. And seeing that the respective congregations of the Synod contri-
bute to the fund, and have a right to know how what is collected is disposed
of and managed, ordered, ncm. con. that there be a minister and an elder out
of every Presbytery, appointed to be members of the committee for the fund.
And in pursuance of this order, the following elders are appointed for this year
in conjunction with the ministers before mentioned, namely, William Gray,
Robert Finney, Richard Alison, James McCoy.
Messrs. Anderson, Andrews, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton,
Pierson, Robert Cross, Thomas Evans, Boyd, Martin, and the moderator,
appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing, and that
they endeavour to bring elders with them if they have occasion to meet, and
that any five of these members be a quorum.
It is rei)ortcd that Mr. Charles Teimcnt, in the Presbytery of New Castle,
Mr. Aaron Burr and Mr. Walter Wilmott, in the Presbytery of New York,
were, after the usual trials, ordained since the last Synod, and that they did
1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 137
all of them adopt the Westminster Confession, &c. according to order of this
Synod.
Ordered, That an account of the fund he brought in before the Synod
break up.
The committee appointed by the Synod to meet at Maidenhead and inquire
into Mr. Morgan's aifair, met according to appointment, and the minutes of
their proceedings being read and approved, were ordered to be inserted in the
Synod book, and they are as follows :*
A petition with some papers being sent by Mr. Morgan to the Synod, after
reading the petition, they referred the consideration of said papers to the com-
mittee.
It is reported that Mr. Robert Cross was installed since our last, according to
the Synod's appointment, and that the two congregations in Philadelphia were
since united.
It was overtured by some members, that some order should be made to pre-
vent irregularities that may arise in our churches, by some ministers and pro-
bationers preaching to vacant congregations without the bounds of their respec-
tive Presbyteries, without allowance from the Presbytery under whose care the
said vacant congregations may be. This was debated for some time, and de-
ferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
* " At a meeting of the Presbytery of Philadelpliia and East-Jersey, (being a commit-
tee appointed by the Synod to transact in the atfair of Mr. Morgan,) ou the first Wed-
nesday of August, at Maidenhead, 1737, uhl post preces sederunt: Members of the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia : Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, Mr. David Evans, Mr. llichard Treat,
Mr. David Cowell, and Mr. Hugh Carlile. Members of East-Jersey Presbytery : Mr.
William Tennent, jun'r. Mr. John Nutman, and Mr. Samuel Blair. Elders : John Snow-
den, David Rhee, Stoffel Longstreat, and Nathaniel Brittin. Mr. Andrews chosen mod-
erator, and Mr. Treat clerk. Mr. Treat opened the committee by a sermon on John
xii. 26. The committee entered upon the affair of Mr. Morgan, and read the minute of
the Synod that commissioned them for said business ; and finding that the terms of Mr.
Morgan's suspension being taken off were these, viz : There not appearing any new ac-
cusations against him, and his giving them sensible evidence of his repentance, the com-
mittee proceeded to inquire whether any new accusations were to be brought in against
him. Upon which several evidences were given in to the committee, one from AVilliam
Brittin in writing, and another from Nathaniel Brittin, and another from James Cham-
bers, viva voce, which were taken down in writing; (which are all kept in retends,) after
this the committee adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
"ith day, at eight o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
" The affair of l\Ir. Morgan being resumed, the committee proceeded according to di-
rection to inquire into the signs of his repentance, and after a long conference with him
in private, the committee entered into a serious debate about the matter, in order to
come to a judgment. And after much time spent in the business, without coming
to any conclusion, they adjourned to four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
«' At four o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
"The committee re-entered upon the consideration of Mr. Morgan's affair, and began
■with a conference again with him. And after Mr. Morgan was withdrawn, they came
to an inquiry among themselves, what conclusion they could come into about the pre-
mises ; and after the deepest consideration, and most serious deliberation, they unani-
mously judged, that inasmuch as some new and express accusations have been brought
against him since the order of last Synod, and in all our conference with Mr. Morgan, he
gave us no sufficient evidence of his repentance, but still continues to deny the most
material and notorious instances of the thiugs formerly proved against him, they cannot
see cause to take off the suspension, but judge it their bounden duty to continue it as
before. Concluded with prayer."
18
138 MINUTES OF THE [1738.
At three of the cloclc, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The debate concerning ministers preaching without the bounds of their own
Presbyteries, to vacancies in the bounds of another Presbytery, without the
consent of some of the members, was reassumed, and overtured upon it, that no
minister belonging to this Synod shall have liberty to preach in any congrega-
tion belonging to another Presbytery whereof he is not a member, after he is
advised by any minister of such Presbytery, that he thinks his preaching in that
congregation will have a tendency to procure divisions and disorders, until he
first obtain liberty from the Presbytery or Synod so to do. This being put to
the vote, was approved.
Overtured, That in order to obviate some mistakes, that it is supposed some
of the members of the Synod were in, with respect to the preceding overture,
that it be voted that every minister belonging to this Synod, has liberty to
preach in any vacant congregation where he shall be occasionally and providen-
tially called, even though he is out of the bounds of the Presbytery to which
be belongs, unless he be first advised by some minister of such Presbytery, that
bis preaching there is likely to procure divisions and disorders in such congre-
gation ; and even when he is so advised by any minister of such Presbytery, he
may yet preach in such congregation, if by liberty first obtained from such
Presbytery or from the Synod, but not otherwise. Agreed ncniine contra-
dicente.
Inquiry being made of the several Presbyteries, whether they have com-
plied with an order of Synod touching the admission of ministers or candi-
dates that come from Europe, it was found that said order has been complied
with.
A letter from the Synod of Ireland, was read and referred to the committee
to consider what is to be done in reference to it.
Ordered, That the committee meet to-morrow morning, at eight of the
clock.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
2G<^ day, met at ten d'cloch, accordlmj to appointment ^ A. M. Lhi post
preces sederunt qui sup>ra.
The afiair of the fund continued.
Leave being desired by Mr. Elmer and Mr. Evans to depart, it was
granted.
Upon the consideration of the letter from the Synod in Ireland, the com-
mittee brought in this overture, viz : That a respectful letter be wrote to the
Synod in Ireland in answer to theirs, and brought into the Synod for ap-
probation. Agreed, and ordered, that Mr. Anderson and Mr. Thomson write
said letter.
Upon a supplication of some members of the Presbytery of New York, to
be erected into a distinct I'resbytery with some of the members of the Pres-
bytery of l^hiladelphia : Overtured, That their petition be granted, and that
all to the northward and eastward of Maidenhead and Hopewell unto llaritan
river, including also Staten-Islaud, Piscatua, Amboy, Bound-Brook, ]>askiug-
Ilidge, Turkey, Bocksiticus, Minisinks, Pequally, and Crosswicks, be the
bounds of that Presbytery ; and that the said Presbytery be distinguished by
the name of the Presbytery of New-Brunswick, and that the time of their
meeting to be the second Tuesday of August next, at New-]Jrunswick. This
overture was approved.
Upon the supplication of John Caldwell, in behalf of himself and many
families of our persuasion, who arc about to settle in the back parts of A^irginia,
1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 139
desiring that some members of the Synod may be appointed to wait on that
government, to solicit their favour in behalf of our interest in that place : Over-
tured, That according to the purport of the supplication, the Synod appoint
two of their number to go and wait upon the governor and council of Virginia,
with suitable instructions in order to procure the favour and countenance of
the government of that province, to the laying a foundation of our interest in
the back parts thereof, where considerable numbers of families of our persuasion
are settling, and that something be allowed out of our fund to bear the charges
of said brethren who shall be appointed ; and that also provision be made for
supplying the congregations of said brethren during their absence from them,
while prosecuting that affair ; and that Messrs. llobert Cross, Anderson, Conn,
and Orme, prosecute said affair ; and that Messrs. Thomson, Dickinson, and
Pemberton, prepare instructions for said brethren, and write a letter in the
name of the Synod to the said government, to be brought in and approved by
the Synod ; and that the respective Presbyteries take care of these congrega-
tions during the absence of their pastors. And it is further overtured, that
these brethren be allowed a discretionary power of using what money they have
occasion for, to bear their expenses in a manner suitable to this design, being
accountable to the Synod for their conduct in the whole affair. Approved
nemine contradicente.
A supplication from part of the congregation of Pequea was read, desiring
either to have some part of the labours of Mr. David Alexander, till they be
judged by the Presbytery of Dunagall to have sufficient ability to support the
gospel themselves, or to be erected into a congregation and having supplies
granted them ; their affair was deferred till another year, which we hope will
have a happy tendency to bring things to a good issue, and till then they are to
acquiesce in the determination of their Presbytery. Which was approved by a
great majority.
The committee to meet at three o'clock.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At four 0^ clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The order respecting the fund continued.
Upon a supplication from Mr. Morgan, and some papers of his that were laid
before the Synod, it is overtured, that inasmuch as Mr. Morgan has given the
Synod no sufficient evidence of his repentance for the gross scandals laid to his
charge, and proved against him, they judge that Mr. Morgan continue under
censure until he give just ground for the removal thereof, either to the Synod
or the Presbytery of Philadelphia. Approved nemine contradicente.
The Presbytery book of New Castle approved.
A remonstrance from Mr. George Gillespie was read, in which he complains
against the Presbytery of Donagall, for treating Mr. Zanchy, a probationer in
their bounds, with too much lenity in only rebuking him, and not suspending
him when he stood charged with compt)sing a discourse in which were gross
and evident errors, and for sending said notes to Mr. Henry Hunter, who
preached them to his own overthrow. Upon which the Synod came to the fol-
lowing conclusion : That though they cannot but greatly condemn and censure
Mr. Zanchy's conduct, in acting the plagiary in transcribing notes out of printed
authors, thereby to impose upon the Presbytery, giving them a false view of
his ministerial powers, and in sending the same notes to another candidate to
enable him to impose upon his Presbytery in the same manner, as well as for
his greatest imprudence in sending such heretical notes abroad, whereby most
dangerous errors came to be vended; yet considering that Mr. Zanchy was
sharply admonished by his Presbytery, that his trials were sometime stopt, and
140 MIXUTES OF THE [1738.
his ordination a considerable time delayed on the account of this, his conduct, wc
shall now lay no further censure upon him, but judge the Presbytery were de-
fective in not taking notice in their minutes of his being such a plagiary, or
censuring him on that account.
The committee to meet to-morrow morning at eight of the clock.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
11 th day. At nine o^ clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The Presbytery book of Philadelphia brought in and approved.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent represented to the committee that there had been dif-
fering sentiments in some important points of doctrine between himself and
Mr. Cowell, upon which there had been sundry largo letters passed between
them, concerning which he desires the 83'nod's opinion. It is overtured, that
this affair be considered by a committee appointed by the Synod, who shall be
directed to converse with j\Ir. Tennent and 3Ir. Cowell together, that they may
see whether they so widely differ in their sentiments as is supposed; and if they
find that there be necessity, distinctly to consider the papers ; that Mr. Tennent
and Mr. Cowell be both directed to refrain from all public discourses upon this
• controversy, and all methods of spreading it among the populace, until the com-
mittee have made their report to the Synod, and that no other member take
notice of and divulge the affair.
The above mentioned committee were Messrs. J. Dickinson, Picrson, Pem-
berton, Thomson, Anderson, Boyd, and the moderator.
A supplication from some of the members of the western part of Hanover
was read, and after some serious and suitable discourse upon it, it was referred
to Messrs. Thomson and Martin to bring in an overture upon it, against the
next sederunt.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M., on Monday next.
Concluded with prayer.
29^7i day. Met according to apj^ointinent, at three o'clock, P. 31. Ubi post
preces sederunt qui siqjra.
Mr. Robert Cross is now present, and his reasons for being absent were
sustained, and he is now ordered to be a member of the committee for the
fund.
The order with respect to the affair of the fund continued.
An overture was brought in upon the affair between Messrs. Gilbert Tennent
and David Cowell, by the committee appointed for that purpose, which is as
follows, viz. The committee having heard Mr. Tennent and Mr. Cowell explain
themselves upon the debate between them, think it proper to take this affair
under further consideration, that they may have opportunity to peruse the
papers that are produced, to give us 9 fuller view of this controversy, that so
we ma}'^ be prepared to give a report to the next Synod.
j\Ir. Cross joined to the committee. Approved, nemine contradiccnte.
Upon the affair of West Hanover, overtured as follows. Upon Mr. Budd's
representation of the affair of Hanover : Overtured, That, however in a former
minute relating to West Hanover, we have granted, that solemn obligations
by lot or othcrise may cease, when by any turn of Providence what is en-
gaged unto becomes impossible or impracticable, or the end thereof is other-
wise fully and completely answered, yet it appearing doubtful to us whether
this be the case of said people in respect of the obligation laid upon them to
unite or join with the people of East Hanover, by a lot or solemn engage-
1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 141
ment to submit to the judgment of the committee of the Presbytery of East
Jersey, who were called to judge in that aifair, the Synod does judge that the
safest way to come to a final determination of that affair is, that a committee
be appointed to meet in that place in order to make as exact inquiry as they
can into the circumstances of that people, whether there really be such a
change in their case as to cause the above obligation to cease, and either give
their judgment of this matter, or else represent it as it shall appear to them, to
the Synod at our next meeting, which they shall judge most meet, and that
Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, junior, Samuel Blair, David
Cowell, Eleazar Wales, Jedidiah Andrews, Aaron Burr, John Cross, and
Richard Treat, be a committee to meet at Hanover the last Wednesday of
July next, upon the affair, at eleven of the clock, ante meridiem. Approved,
nemine contradiccnfe.
A proposal was made by the Presbytery of Lewes to this Synod, which is
as follows : That this part of the world where Grod has ordered our lot, la-
bours under a grievous disadvantage for want of the opportunities of univer-
sities, and professors skilled in the several branches of useful learning, and
that many students from Europe are especially cramped in prosecuting their
studies, their parents removing to these colonies before they have an opportu-
nity of attending the college, after having spent some years at the grammar
school ; and that many persons born in the country groan under the same pres-
sure, whose circumstances are not able to support them to spend a course of
years in the European, or New England colleges, which discourages much,
and must be a detriment to our church ; for we know that natural parts, how-
ever great and promising, for want of being well improved, must be marred
of their usefulness, and cannot be so extensively serviceable to the public,
and that want of due pains and care paves the way for ignorance, and this for
a formidable train of sad consequences. To prevent this evil, it is humbly
proposed as a remedy, that every student who has not studied with approba-
tion, passing the usual courses in some of the New England, or European
colleges, approved by public authority, shall, before he be encouraged by any
Presbytery for the sacred work of the ministry, apply himself to this Synod,
and that they appoint a committee of their members yearly, whom they know
to be well skilled in the several branches of philosophy, and divinity, and the
languages, to examine such students in this place, and finding them well ac-
complished in those several parts of learning, shall allow them a public testi-
monial from the Synod, which, till better provision be made, will in some
measure answer the design of taking a degree in the college. And for
encouragement of students let this be done, without putting them to further
expenses than attending. And let it be an objection against none, where they
have read, or what books, but let all encouragement be only according to merit.
And 'tis hoped this will fill our youth with a laudable emulation, prevent
errors young men may imbibe by reading without direction, or things of little
value, will banish ignorance, fill our infant church with men eminent for parts
and learning, and advance the glory of Grod, and the honour of our Synod both
at home and among our neighbours, who conceive a low opinion of us tor
want of such favourable opportunities. 'Tis further proposed, that all that
are not licensed to preach the gospel, what university or college soever they
come from, may undergo the same trials. But inasmuch as this act cannot be
put in force this year, without discouraging such as may not be apprized of it,
'tis ordered, that there be two standing committees to act in the above affair
for this year, one to the northward and the other to the southward of Phila-
delphia, and that Messrs. John Thomson, George Gillespie, Thomas Evans,
Henry Hook, James Anderson, James Martin, Francis Alison, be a committee
for the Presbyteries southward of Philadelphia. And that Messrs. Andrews,
142 MINUTES OF THE [1738.
Robert Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Pemberton, Dickinson, Cowell, and Pierson,
be a committee to the northward. Approved by a great majority.
The committee to meet at nine o'clock to-morrow, A. M.
Adjourned till three of the clock to-morroW; P. M. Concluded with
prayer.
SOth da)/. At three o'clock, P. M. met accordin<j to appointment. Uhi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund brought in, and it appears that there is, antecedent
to any disbursement to be made this year :
Principal, .... £.527 4 li
Interest due, - - - - 36 10 9^
Cash, 19 3 5J
In all, £582 18 4J
Overtured, That since we shall probably break in upon the capital stock of
our fund, by the allowance to Philadelphia, and the charge of our messengers
to Virginia, it be resolved that half our yearly interest be kept in stock, until
it amount to the sum that by these expenses shall be taken from the capital.
Agreed.
The members appointed to draw up the address to the government of Vir-
ginia, and instructions for the members appointed to go, brought in what they
had done, which is as follows :
To the honourable William Gooch, Esquire, Lieutenant Governor of the
Province of Virginia, the humble address of the Presbyterian ministers con-
vened in Synod, May 28th, 1738, &c. May it please your honour, we take
leave to address you in behalf of a considerable number of our brethren who
are meditating a settlement in the remote parts of your government, and are
of the same persuasion with the Church of Scotland. We thought it our duty
to acquaint your honour with their design, and to ask your favour in allowing
them the liberty of their consciences, and of worshipping God in a way agree-
able to the principles of their education. Your honour is sensible that those
of our profession in Europe have been remarkable for their inviolable attach-
ment to the Protestant succession, in the illustrious house of Hanover, and
have upon all occasions manifested an unspotted fidelity to our gracious
sovereign King George, and we doubt not but these our brethren will carry the
same loyal principles to the most distant settlements where their lot may be
cast, which will ever influence them to the most dutiful submission to the
government which is placed over them. This we trust will recommend them
to your honour's countenance and protection, and merit the free enjoyment of
their civil and religious liberties. We pray for the Divine blessing upon your
person and government, and beg leave to subscribe ourselves your honour's
most humble and obedient servants.
Which was approved.
An answer to the letter from the Rev. Synod in the north of Ireland
was brought in by the members appointed for that purpose, and was ap-
proved.
Ordered, That the clerk transcribe the letter, and the moderator sign it.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next, at three of the clock,
P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1739.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 143
1739.
At a meeting of the Synod at Philadelphia,
May 28(7, 1739. Ubi post preces sederunt
Ministers of Donagall Presbytery : Messrs. James Anderson, John Thom-
son, Adam Boyd, John Paul, Alexander Craighead, Samuel Black, David
Alexander, John Elder, Richard Zanchy, Absent : Mr. William Bertram,
Mr. Thomas Craighead.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. George Gillespie, Alexander Hutchinson,
Robert Cathcart, Joseph Houston, Charles Tennent, Francis Alison. Absent :
Messrs. Thomas Evans, Hugh Conn, John Orme.
Lewes Presbytery : Messrs. Henry Hook, James Martin, Robert Jamison,
John Thomson. Absent : Messrs. Hugh Stevenson, Hugh Carlile, Patrick
Glascow.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, William
Tennent, David Evans, Ebenezer Goold, David Cowell, Richard Treat. Ab-
sent : Daniel Elmer, Joseph Morgan.
New Brunswick : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Samuel Blair,
Eleazer Wales. Absent : John Cross.
New York Presbytery : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Ebenezer Pemberton.
Absent : George Philips, Joseph Lamb, Walter Wilmot, Joseph Webb, Aaron
Burr, John Nutman, excused, Nathaniel Hubbell, John Pierson, excused, Silas
Leonard, Isaac Chalker, Samuel Pumry.
Elders : Matthew Atkinson, Thomas Hope, John Christy, Hugh Barclay,
John McCutcheon, Jared Graham, Walter Caruth, Alexander White, Hugh
McQuarter, Robert Smith, John Woodrow, William McCrea, William McKol-
ough, Henry Perkar, William Gray, John Weir, David Chambers, Thomas
Worthington.
Mr. Treat, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on
2 Cor. v. 18.
Mr. James Anderson chosen moderator, and Mr. Robert Cross clerk.
Messrs. Ebenezer Goold, David Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, Joseph Webb,
Simon Horton, John Nutman, William Bertram, gave or sent reasons for last
year's absence, which were sustained.
Mr. Thomas Craighead removed by death since last Synod.
Mr. Joseph Webb sent reasons for his absence this year, which were sus-
tained.
Messrs. Thomson, Andrews, Dickinson, Pemberton, Boyd, Treat, Gillespie,
Cross, Martin, and the moderator, appointed a committee for the fund, and other
business the Synod shall recommend to them. The following elders appointed
to join with them in the affair of the fund, viz. John Christy, Alexander White,
Henry Perkar, William Gray, David Chambers. Mr. Samuel Blair added to
the committee of the fund.
Messrs. Houston and Jamison appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
Dunagall; Messrs. Black and Elder the Presbytery book of New Castle;
Messrs. Paul and Cathcart the Presbytery book of Philadelphia; Messrs. Hook
and Zanchy the Presbytery book of New Brunswick ; Messrs. Alexander and
Alison the Presbytery book of New York ; Messrs. Cowell and William Ten-
nent, junior, the Presbytery book of Lewes.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
24:th. nine o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that Messi-s. Anderson, Thomson, Boyd, Elder, Black, Paul, Craighead,
144 MINUTES OF THE [1739.
Zanc'liy, Gillespie, Hutchinson, Catlicart, TTonston, Charles Tonncnt, Alison,
Hook, 3Iartin, Jamison, Andrews, ^Villiam Tennent, senior, l^avid Kvans,
Cowell, Treat, Gilbert Tennent, Blair, Dickinson, and Pemberton, had brought
some ; and IMr. Pierson sent some.
AMiereas, by order of last Synod absent members were ordered to make col-
lections in their respective congregations for the future, or if they neglect it to
forfeit ten shillings out of their own private purse, and we find that Messrs.
"Wilmot, ]?urr, Leonard, Chalker, Nutman, and Pumry, absent members, have
not sent collections, iMr. Pemberton and 3Ir. Dickinson are therefore appointed
to inform them cither to make collections for this year or pay the forfeiture.
And jMr. Hugh Carlile and Mr. Glascow are to be informed by the Presbytery
of Lewes of the same ; INIr. Bertram by the Presbytery of Donegall ; Mr.
Thomas Evans by the Presbytery of New Castle ; and Mr. Elmer by the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia.
Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson, Robert
Cross, Thomas Evans, Boyd, Treat, Gilbert Tennent, Martin, and the modera-
tor, appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing, and that
they endeavour to have elders with them if they have occasion to meet, and
that any five of the ministers above mentioned be a quorum.
It is reported that Messrs. Zanchy, Alexander, and Elder, in the Presbytery
of Donagall, Mr. John Thomson, jun'r. in the Presbytery of Lewes, and Mr.
Leonard in the Presbytery of New York, were after the usual trials or-
dained since the last Synod, and that they did all of them adopt the West-
minster Confession, &c. according to the order of the Synod in that case pro-
vided.
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the Synod
break up.
Inquiry being made of the several Presbyteries, whether they have complied
with an order of Synod, respecting the trial of ministers and candidates coming
from Europe, it was found they had so done.
The congregations of Turkey and Bocksiticus, which were included
last year within the bounds of the Presbytery of New-Brunswick, making
application to the Synod to be under the Presbytery of New York, it was
granted.
Adjourned to. three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui snjyra.
The affair of the fund continued.
A supplication from the people of Leacock was brought in, and after
much discourse upon the affair, the Synod appointed a committee to meet
upon the place, and to view the circumstances of the two contending con-
gregations, and finally determine the controversy. The members ap-
pointed for said committee were Messrs. Houston, Alison, Cathcart, Hook,
Cross, and Treat, who are to meet at I'equea the second Wednesday of Oc-
tober next.
The affair of ]Mr. Morgan's suspension, being remitted to the Presbytery of
Philadelphia by last Synod, they now report that they have taken off his
suspension, and restored him to the exercise of his ministry again ; and
the minutes of their proceeding being read, the Synod approves their con-
duct.
The affair between 3Ir. Gilbert Tennent and Mr. Cowell, came under con-
sideration in reading last year's minutes, but the committee to whom tiiat affair
was referred, report that they are not yet prepared to acquaint the Synod with
what they have done, which is therefore referred to another sederxmt, and
1739.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 145
the said committee are ordered to get ready and make report as soon as
may be.
The committee appointed to go to Hanover, and help the people there in their
difficulties, made report to the Synod of their compliance, and brought in the
minutes of their proceedings, which being read were approved and ordered to
be inserted in their minutes, and are as follows, viz :*
The Presbytery of Brunswick, upon reading over the minutes, brought in a
paper of objections against two acts made last year, which was read, and the
further consideration of it deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
25 day at nine oWoch, 'post pr-eces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The affair of Mr. Cowell and Mr. Tennent deferred.
The consideration of the New-Brunswick paper reassumed, and after much
reasoning upon it, the further consideration of it deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
• " At a committee of the Synod met at Hanover, July 26th, 1738, according to ap-
pointment of Synod, nbi jiost 2^reces sederimt Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Gilbert Tennent,
"William Tennent, jun'r., John Cross, David Cowell, and Richard Treat. Ministers of the
committee absent: Messrs. Samuel Blair, Eleazer Wales, and Aaron Burr. Mr. Andrews
chosen moderator, Mr. Treat, clerk. Mr. Gilbert Tennent opened the committee by a
sermon, Ezek. xi. 19.
" The committee in order to lay a clear foundation to go upon, thought proper to read
and consider the minutes of the Synod in relation to the affair; and after that was done
the moderator proceeded to inquire into the matter they were come about, and asked the
people of West-Hanover, whether their circumstances were altered for the better since
the casting of the lot, and it was answered by some of them in the hearing and behalf
of the whole, that they were much increased as to number of persons in their society,
and that they were near one half abler than they were. AVhich representation was not
contradicted nor disproved by any, and plainly appeared to the committee to be the truth
of their case. A paper also was brought in by Mr. Kitchell and some others, in behalf
of the eastern part, as their committee, setting forth their weakness, and expressing
their desire of an union with their western brethren, if it could be had upon reasonable
terms. Upon which, that the committee might come to understand the real truth with
respect to said eastern people, the moderator proceeded to interrogate Mr. Kitchell and
others of said eastern part, about their affairs, and they informed the committee, that
they were much stronger than when the lot was cast; that though it was hard with them-
for the present to fulfil their obligations to Mr. Nutman, yet they cannot but acknow-
ledge they are in growing circumstances, and able to support of themselves ; adding
withal, that it is their mind, and the mind of their Society, not to have an union with
the whole of the western society but with a part only, and that if the committee should
judge them to unite upon any of the former terms, covenants, and agreements, it would
be the destruction of the whole, and be prejudicial to the interest of religion among them.
Whereupon the committee came imanimously to form their judgment after the following
manner, viz : That according as things are represented to them, and as they appear,
they cannot but judge,
"1. That the former obligations of said people, by virtue of the lot formerly cast
among them, are now impracticable.
"2. That the end of the said lot will be much better answered by their being two sepa-
rate societies, than by being united into one, as formerly was desired and proposed.
" 3. That therefore we judge said western people may be a separate society by them-
selves. Furthermore, to prevent any disputes or difficulties between said western society
and Basking-Kidge, it was proposed and agreed to, mutually by said people, that who-
soever were desirous of going from the congregation to which they belong to the other,
shall have liberty so to do, provided they pay off all their respective debts due to the
society to which they have belonged.
" The above determinations of the committee were published to the aforesaid people,
and all parties expressed their entire satisfaction therein. Concluded with prayer."
19
146 MINUTES OF THE [1739.
Hora Stia, P. M. post prcces sederunt, qui supra.
The affiur of the fund continued.
The affair of New-Brunswick Presbytery reassumcd, and after much reason-
ing upon it, the further consideration of it deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock.
Concluded with prayer.
2Gth dai/, at nine o'clocic, post prcces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued, and Ordered, That the committee for the
fund meet next Mondey, at ten of the clock, and prepare said affair to be
brought into the Synod at the next session.
The New-Brunswick Presbytery having brought a paper of objections against
the act made last year, touching the previous examination of candidates, the
Synod consented to review that act, and upon deliberation agreed to the follow-
ing overture, which they substitute in the room of it, viz : It being the first
article in our excellent Directory for the examination of the candidates of the
sacred ministry, that they be inquired of, what degrees they have taken in the
university, &,c. ; and it being oftentimes impracticable for us in these remote
parts of the earth, to obtain an answer to these questions, of those who propose
themselves to examination, many of our candidates not having enjoyed the
advantage of a university education, and it being our desire to come to the
nearest conformity to the incomparable prescriptions of the Directory, that our
circumstances will admit of, and after long deliberation of the most proper
expedients to comply with the intentions of the Directory, where we cannot
exactly fulfil the letter of it ; the Synod agree and determine, that every person
who proposes himself to trial as a candidate for the ministry, and who has not
a diploma, or the usual certificates from an European or New England univer-
sity, shall be examined by the whole Synod, or its commission, as to these
preparatory studies which we generally pass through at the college, and if they
find him qualified, they shall give him a certificate, which shall be received by
our respective Presbyteries as equivalent to a diploma or certificate from the
college. This we trust will have a happy tendency to prevent unqualified men
from creeping in among us, and answer, in the best manner our present circum-
stances are capable of, the design which our Directory has in view, and to
which by inclination and duty, we are all bound to comply to our utmost
ability. This was agreed to by a great majority.
Adjourned till 31onday next, at three o'clock, P. M.
Concluded with prayer.
28 daj/. Ilord tertia, P. M. post prcces sederunt qui supra.
The committee for the fund met according to appointment, but not having
accomplished said affair, the Synod appoints said committee to meet to-morrow,
at eight of the clock.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent protested in behalf of himself and such as should join
with him, viz : AVilliam Tennent, scn'r. William Tennent, jun'r., Samuel Blair,
Eleazer Wales, Charles Tennent, ministers. Thomas Worthington, David Cham-
bers, William McCrea, John Weir, elders ; against the above-mentioned act
respecting the trial of candidates.
The act made last 3'ear with respect to ministers preaching out of their own
bounds, being taken under a review, the Synod determine, that if any minister
in the bounds of any of our Presbyteries, judge that the preaching of any
minister or candidate of a neighbouring Presbytery in any congregation, has
bad a tendency to promote division among them, or hinder the orderly settle-
1739.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 147
ment of a gospel ministry, ia that case he shall complain to the Presbytery in
whose bounds the said congregation is, and that the minister who is supposed
to be the cause of the foresaid division, shall be obliged to appear before them,
and it shall be left to them to determine whether he shall preach any more ia
the bounds of that congregation, and he shall be bound to stand to their deter-
mination, until they shall see cause to remove their prohibition, or the Synod
shall have opportunity to take the affair under cognizance. Approved nemine
contradicente.
Mr. Anderson reports, that in compliance with an order of Synod last year,
he had waited upon the Governor of Virginia with the Synod's address, and
received a favourable answer, the substance of which is contained in a letter from
the governor u; the moderator of the Synod, which is as follows :
" Sir : By the hands of Mr. Anderson I received an address signed by you,
in the name of your brethren of the Synod of Philadelphia. And as I have
been always inclined to favour the people who have lately removed from other
provinces, to settle on the western side of our great mountains ; so you may
be assured, that no interruption shall be given to any minister of your profes-
sion who shall come among them, so as they conform themselves to the rules
prescribed by the act of toleration in England, by taking the oaths enjoined
thereby, and registering the places of their meeting, and behave themselves
peaceably towards the government. This you may please to communicate to
the Synod as an answer of theirs. Your most humble servant.
"William Goocii.
^'■Williamsburg, November 4:fh, 1738."
Messrs. Conn, Cross, and Orme, gave the reasons why they did not go to
Virginia, which were sustained.
Mr. Anderson reports that his journey to Virginia cost fifteen pounds, which
the Synod allows out of the fund, and does approve his conduct in the whole
affair.
Ordered, That the committee consider what is to be done further in the
Virginia affair. And the committee returned Mr. Anderson thanks for what
he hath done in it.
The revisers of the Presbytery book of Brunswick, offered several objec-
tions against said book, the consideration of which deferred till to-morrow
morning.
The Presbytery book of Philadelphia brought in and approved.
A reference from the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and the designed new
erection at Hopewell and Maidenhead was brought in, and after reading some
papers, the further consideration of it deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock, to-morrow morning.
Concluded with prayer.
29lh day. Hord dccuna, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee for the fund met according to appointment.
The account of the fund brought in, and it appears that there is antecedent
to any disbursements to be made this year.
Principal ....
Interest due, - - . .
Cash in bank, ...
In all, £.599 14 10 i
It appearing by the Presbytery book of New Brunswick, that notwith-
standing the Synod's agreement last year, that no candidate for the ministry
£
s. d.
517
4 lU
46
12 9
35
17 21
148 MINUTES OF THE [1730
Vfho Las had a private education, should be admitted to trials, in order to be
licensed to preach the gospel by any Presbytery within our bounds, until such
candidate's learning were previously examined by a committee appointed for
that purpose, that the l^rcsbytery of New-J3runswick have admitted to trials
and licensed IMr. John Kowland to preach the gospel without his submitting
to such preparatory examination as was appointed ; the Synod do therefore
judge the proceedings of the said Presbytery of New-JJrunswick to be very
disorderly, and do admonish the said Presbytery to avoid such divisive courses
for the future ; and do determine not to admit the said Mr. Rowland to be
a preacher of the gospel within our bounds, nor encourage any of our people
to accept him until he submit to such examinations as were appointed by this
Synod for those that have had a private education.
This overture carried in the aihrmative by a great majority.
There being a reference made by the Presbytery of Philadelphia of some
difficulties brought before them by some of the people of Hopewell and
Maidenhead, and a complaint made to the Synod by some of the said people
against the said Presbytery, the Synod do judge that the said people have be-
haved with great indecency towards their Presbytery, by their unmannerly
reflections, and unjust aspersions, both upon the Synod and the Presbytery,
and that they have acted very disorderly in improving Mr. Rowland as a
preacher among them, when they were advised by the Presbytery that he
•was not to be esteemed and improved as an orderly candidate of the ministry ;
and the Synod do wholly disallow the said complainants being erected into a
new congregation until they do first submit the determination of the place
for erecting a new meeting-house to their Presbytery, as was formerly agreed
between them and their neighbours, as a condition of their being a separate
congregation.
This overture was approved by a great majority.
And it is further ordered by the Synod, That when the Presbytery of
Philadelphia meet at Hopewell and Maidenhead, to fix the place of a new
meeting-house, they shall call the following correspondents : Messrs. John
Pierson, John Nutman, Samuel Blair, Aaron Burr, Nathaniel Hubbell, and
Eleazar Wales.
Adjourned till two o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
HorCi secunda. P. M. Post j^rcccs sederunt qui supra.
Tlie committee appointed by the Synod to consider the controversy be-
tween Mr. Gilbert Teuncnt and Mr. David Cowell, brought in the following
overture, which being read, the Synod had the great satisfaction to find the
contending parties fully agreed in their sentiments upon the point in contro-
versy, according to the doctrine contained in the said overture, viz. Though
they apprehend that there are some incautious and unguarded expressions
used by both the contending parties, yet they have ground to hope that the
principal controversy between them flows from their not having clear ideas of
the subject they so earnestly debate about, an<l not from any dangerous errors
they entertain, since they bf)th own that tlie glory of God is the ultimate end
of all things; and as the point under debate concerns an important doctrine of
religion, we would take liberty to express our minds with respect to it in a
few words, which we hope will be agreeable to the sentiments of the Synod,
and readily agreed to by the parties concerned in this dispute. "We apprehend
that the glory of God was the only motive that influenced him to all his ex-
ternal operations. For since nothing else had an existence, nothing certainly
could influence him from without himself. By his glory declarative, wo
mean the manifestation of his essential and adorable perfections for the great
1740.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. U§
and excellent ends he designed in this manifestation. It is the indispensable
duty of every creature, according to its utmost capacity, to aim at the same
end which tlie blessed God has in view, and to endeavour to direct all his ac-
tions unto it. The method in which the great God has required us to prose-
cute this end is by a conformity to his image, and example, and a sincere and
universal obedience to his laws. In his infinite and astonishing grace he has
been pleased inseparably to connect our happiness with the prosecution of
this end. This obedience which we are to pay to the Divine law, and by
which alone we can glorify him, must be performed by us, not only because
it is the way to happiness, but because it is infinitely just and reasonable in
itself, agreeable to the blessed God, whom we are under indissoluble obliga-
tions to obey, and carry on the same designs which he has been pleased to pro-
pose in all his actions. And these designs of the glory of God, and our own
happiness, are so inseparably connected that they must never be placed in op-
position to each other. For in all cases, he that actively glorifies God pro-
motes his own happiness, and by a conformity to the Divine statutes and laws,
which is the only way to happiness, we, in the best manner we are capable,
glorify God.
The case of the people of Norrington being represented to the Synod, for
supplies for the ensuing year, the Synod appointed Messrs. Boyd, Black,
Houston, and Alexander, to supply them every third Sabbath until next
Synod.
An overture for erecting a school, or seminary of learning, being brought in
by the committee, the Synod unanimously approved the design of it, and in
order to the accomplishing it did nominate Messrs. Pemberton, Dickinson,
Cross, and Anderson, two of which, if they can be prevailed upon, to be sent
home to Europe to prosecute this affiiir with proper directions. And in order
to this, it is appointed that the commission of the Synod, with correspondents
from every Presbytery, meet at Philadelphia the third Wednesday of August
next. And if it be found necessary, that Mr. Pemberton should go to Boston
pursuant to this design, it is ordered, that the Presbytery of New York supply
his pulpit during his absence.
Mr. Hamilton Bell having ofiered himself to examination, the Synod ap-
points their commission, together with any other members they think fit, to
meet to-morrow, at nine o'clock, for that purpose.
A petition from Thomas Clark was presented to the Synod, and it is recom-
mended to all the ministers within our bounds, to whom he shall apply, to do
what they think expedient for his relief.
An overture was presented to the Synod from Mr. Thomas Evans, which is
ordered to be kept in retentis till the next Synod.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia, at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1740.
The Synod met according to appointment,
Philadelphia, May 2Sth, 1740. Ubi post preces sederunt
IMinisters of the Presbytery of New York : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson,
Walter Wilmot, Aaron Burr, John Nutman, John Pierson, Simon Horton, Jo-
seph Houston. Absent : Ebenezer Pemberton, Joseph Webb, Nathaniel Hub-
bell, Silas Leonard, Isaac Chalker.
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. James Anderson, John Thomson, Adam
Boyd, Alexander Craighead, John Elder, Richard Zanchy, Samuel Cavin,
Samuel Black. Absent : Samuel Thomson, David Alexander, William Ber-
tram.
150 MINUTES OF THE [1740.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. George Gillespie, Iloberfc Cathcart, Charles
Tennent, Francis Alisou, Samuel Blair, Hugh Couu, Alexander Hutchinson.
Absent : Thomas Evans, John Ormc.
Lewes Presbytery : Messrs. James Martin, llobert Jamison, Hugh Carlile.
Absent : Hugh Stevenson, Patrick Glascow.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, William
Tennent, David Evans, David Cowell, Francis McHenry, llichard Treat. Ab-
sent : Messrs. Elmer, Morgan, Goold
New-Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Eleazer Wales, John
Cross.
Elders present : Joseph W^oodrufF, Joseph Biggs, John Odel, John Alison,
James Montgomery, Daniel Henderson, Bobert Matthews, Thomas Farrell,
James Swain, John Hamilton, Joseph Steel, Hugh Lion, John Steel, James
Perry, James Cockran, William Gray, John Cross, Cornelius Wiuekoop, James
Miller, William Emmitt, Bichard Walker, James McCoy, Bobert Cummings,
John Howey.
Mr. Anderson, the moderator of the Synod last year, opened the Synod by a
sermon on Gal. v. 15.
Mr. Pierson chosen moderator, and Mr. Treat clerk.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock, precisely.
Concluded with prayer.
29 day, at nine o^doch, A. M. post preccs sederunt qui supra.
It is reported that Mr. George Philips, of the I'resbytery of New York, and
Mr. Paul, of the Presbytery of Donegall, are dead since last Synod.
Mr. Bertram, Mr. Glascow, Mr. Alexander, Mr. Orme, excused for their ab-
eence.
Messrs. Thomson, Andrews, Dickinson, Boyd, Anderson, Gillespie, Bobert
Cross, Martin, Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Alison, and the moderator, ministers ;
and Joseph WoodroofF, John Alison, John Steel, John Cross, Bobert Cummings,
Elders, appointed a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod
shall recommend to them.
The Presbytery books of New York, Donegall, and New-Brunswick,
forgot.
Mr. Hutchinson and Mr. Houston, appointed to revise the Presbytery book
of Philadelphia; Mr. Cowell and Mr. Jamison, the Presbytery book of New
Castle ; Mr. William Tennent, jun'r. and Mr. Blair, the Presbytery book of
Lewes.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was
found that there was something brought by Messrs. Dickinsoji, Burr, l*ierson,
llorton, Thomson, Boyd, Craighead, Elder, Zanchy, Black, Gillespie, Cathcart,
Alison, Blair, jMartin, Jamison, Andrews, Cross, Cowell, and Treat.
Messrs. Andrew.s, Thomson, Anderson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton,
Bobert Cross, Blair, Treat, Alison, Boyd, Martin, Gilbert Tennent, and the
moderator, to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing, with
elders if they have occasion to meet, and that any five of the ministers be
a quorum.
It is reported that Mr. Francis IMcIIenry, Mr. Samuel Cavin, and Mr.
Samuel Thomson, were, after the usual trials, ordained since last Synod, and
that they did all of them adopt the Westminster Confession, &c. according to
the order of the Synod.
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the Synod
break up.
The affair of Leacock deferred.
1740.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 151
Upon reading over the minutes of the last year, the act about the previous
trial of candidates for the ministry, which has been the occasion of much debate
in the Synod, and protested against by some of the brethren, came under con-
sideration, upon which a paper was brought in and road, containing proposals
for accommodating of the said unhappy debates. Which being new to the
Synod, they resolved, that in compliance with the desire of several other mem-
bers of the Synod, as well as the protesting brethren, each of them should have
a copy of the proposals to consider of till to-morrow mornino-.
The other act, relating to ministers preaching within the bounds of other
Presbyteries than that to which he or they do belong, coming in course to be
considered, the Synod agree to defer any debates about that matter till the pre-
ceding affair be issued.
Upon reading that minute, concerning that debate between Messrs. Gilbert
Tennent and David Cowell, and the judgment of the committee of the Synod
upon it, Mr. Tennent seeming dissatisfied with the committee's management in
that debate, requested that the thing might be considered by the Synod; the
consideration thereof was deferred.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. post ^^reces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The affair of Leacock deferred.
The commission of the Synod did meet last year according to appointment,
in order to conclude upon a method for prosecuting the overture respecting the
erecting a seminary of learning. The minutes of that proceeding were read,
and although herein it is found, that they concluded upon calling the whole
Synod together as necessary in that affair ; yet the war breaking out between
England and Spain, the calling of the Synod was omitted, and the whole affair
laid aside for that time.*
* The commission of the Synod met according to appointment.
Philadelphia, August 15th, 1739. Ubi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, James Anderson, John Thomson, Adam Boyd,
Eobert Cross, James Martin, Richard Ti-eat.
Correspondents : Messrs. Cathcart, Alison, and Black.
Members of the commission absent : Messrs. Dicliinson, Pemberton, Gillespie, Pierson,
Thomas Evans, Gilbert Tennent.
Ordered, That the minutes of the Synod relating to our present meeting be read.
Several members of the commission who are now absent, being expected this evening,
the commission without entering upon business, adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine
of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
ICjth dap, at nine of the clock. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Together with Messrs. David Evans and Jamison, correspondents.
Mr. Pemberton sent a letter with the reasons of his absence, which were sustained.
The aflair of the overture brought in last Synod, that gave occasion for our present
meeting, was taken under consideration, and after much reasoning upon it, the commis-
sion unanimously concluded to enter on said affair; but previous to any particular steps
to be fallen upon in order thereto, it was agreed to ask counsel of God by appointing one
of their number to pray, which was done by appointing Mr. Evans to that service. Upon
which they proceeded to inquire what they should do, and because of the weight of the
attair in hand, they agreed to defer the main inquiries till the afternoon; but as pre-
liminary thereto, do judge it to be the most reasonable and probable method to accom-
phsh the good design of said overture, to apply to the several congregations within our
bounds fur their concurrence and assistance in the affair, and that a letter of address be
sent to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland for their assistance. Accord-
ingly Mr. Andrews was appointed to draw up the said letter to the General Assembly
152 MINUTES OF THE [1740.
Upon reading over the minutes respecting the result of the controversy be-
tween Mr. Gilbert Tonncnt and Mr. Cowell, Mr. Tcnneut moved for the revising
that affair, and that the papers might be read that concern that debate. AVhich
motion of Mr. Teunent's, after much debate about it, was put to the vote,
whether it should be complied with or not, and it passed in the negative by a
great majority.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
30 day^ at nine d clock, A. 31., post prcces sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund not yet brought in.
The affair between the Synod and the brethren dissatisfied with the act of
last Synod, which, according to order of yesterday, was to be brought under
consideration this session, deferred till next sederunt.
The affair of Leacock reassumed. Whereas a matter of controversy be-
tween the people of Leacock and Pequea, was appointed last Synod to be
determined by a committee, which by order of Synod, were to meet upon the
place, and all the members except two that were appointed, for rea'sons now
given and sustained, failed of attending on said affair, so that nothing was done
in it, and the people of Leacock yet thinking themselves aggrieved by the
judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, they now moved the Synod to judge
before mentioned, and Mr. Thomson to draw up the letter to our congregations, to bo
brought in next sederunt.
Adjourned to four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Hora quartd, F. M. Post prcces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Andrews and Thomson brought in the letters, according to appointment.
The affair of the overture respecting the erecting a school of learning, reassumed, and
the commission, after some further consideration of it, weighing the importance of the
matter, and considering the small number of members now present, together with the
many preparatory letters and instructions that are necessary for such an undertaking,
as going to Europe for assistance, according to the unanimous judgment of the Synod,
will require, they do now with one consent judge it most advisable to defer doing any
more in said aft'air at present, but leave it to the consideration and determination of the
whole Synod, and accordingly agree to call the Synod together, to meet at Philadelphia
the last Wednesday of September next, and enjoin the members present to inform their
respective Pi-esbyterics of this appointment ; and that the moderator send letters to the
Presbyteries of New York and New-I5ruiiswick, ordering their attendance at the time
appointed. And the commission further orders, that Messrs. Andrews, Cross, and Treat,
do prepare what addresses, letters, credentials, or other instruments may be proper,
against the meeting of the Synod. And further, that a letter be remitted to Dr. Colman,
to be communicated to our reverend brethren in Boston, earnestly desiring their con-
currence and assistance in this aft'air, and that said letter be inclosed in one to Mr. Pem-
berton, to be forwarded by him. Ordered, That the moderator preach at the opening
of the Synod.
An atfair relating to the people of Pilesgrove and Deerfield, was, by the Presbytery
of Pliiladelphia, referred to the decision of the commission ; and the commission having
heard the representatives of said people, pro and eon, and having received what light the
Presbytery of Philadelphia coiild give in the said affair, they for some time reasoned and
debated upon it, and at length came to tlie following resolution : That inasmuch as the
inhabitants of Pilesgrove have long borne a burden, and met with great discouragements
in their endeavours to have the gospel .'settled among them, though we cannot, however,
but lament that their house fur public worshiji, which they are about, is not to be situated
more conveniently and to greater satisfaction of Deertield : yet since the representative
from the congregation of Deertield, and the re])resentative of Pilesgrove. seemed formerly
agreed, that without detriment to either congregation, the people of Pilesgrove might
build their house where they now are at work, and since the Presbyterj* accordingly
encouraged them to build there, the commission unanimously agreed to confirm their
sentence in favour of Pilesgrove. Concluded with prayer.
1740.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA, 153
in that affair; and after reading some papers, and hearing all that was offered
in the matter, the Synod unanimously judges as follows : That inasmuch as
Leacock is a congregation by allowance of their own Presbytery, and the
meeting-house erected and complained of is at as great a distance from those of
Pequea as can conveniently accommodate them of Leacock, that, therefore, the
new erection of Leacock shall stand, and said congregation be entitled to sup-
plies to said meeting-house from Donegall Presbytery equal to other vacancies
within their bounds.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d clock, P. M. post j^reces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The affair between the Synod and the brethren dissatisfied with the act last
year, came under consideration, and the protesting brethren declaring their dis-
satisfaction with the proposals for accommodation that were laid before them ;
the Synod therefore still desiring that that unhappy difference may be accom-
modated, recommend it to any bi'ethreu of the Synod to consider any further
expedient to that end, to be brought in the next sederunt.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
31 da I/, at nine o'clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The affair between the Synod and the protesting brethren reassumed, and an
overture was brought in by one of the brethren as an expedient to accommo-
date the difference that has arisen and yet subsists on account of an act of last
year, and much discourse was had upon it.
It was agreed by all the members, the protesting brethren as well as others,
that the Synod are proper judges of the qualifications of their own members.
But the protesting brethren thought the inserting that agreement into our
minutes unnecessary.
The uncomfortable debate about the agreement of the Synod last year, to
bring under the examination of the Synod, such persons as have had a private
education in order to the sacred ministry, being reassumed, it was put to the
vote whether the said agreement should be repeated or continued till some other
expedient could be found that will answer the design of that agreement to the
Synod's satisfaction, and it was voted that it shall continue at present.
The protesting brethren renewing their former protest against the present
proceeding, the following members joined with them in their protestation, viz :
Messrs. John Cross, Alexander Craighead, Robert Cummins, John Henry,
James Cockran, William Emmitt, James Miller, Richard Walker, James
McKoy, Robert Matthews, Daniel Henderson, Joseph Steel, Hugh Lynn,
George Gillespie, and Alexander Hucheson, desired their dissent might be
entered.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at three o'clock this after-
noon.
Adjourned to ten o'clock on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
June 2d, at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
An overture was brought in upon the two late acts in order to explain them,
which is as follows : The Synod having the last year, nemine contradicente,
come into an agreement that no minister shall preach out of the bounds of
Lis Presbytery in any congregation, after his being warned by the Presbytery,
154 MINUTES OF THE [1740.
in whose bounds such congregation is, that his preaching there is a cause of
division in the congregation, and tliat he is therefore to desist, which was
agreed to in order to prevent divisions in our congregations : but finding that
some of our brethren are now dissatisfied with that agreement, and that it is
wrong interpreted and misunderstood by many of our people, as though it was
calculated to prevent itinerant preaching : the Synod do now declare, that
they never thought of opposing, but do heartily rejoice in the labours of the
ministry in other places besides their own particular charge. And that they
may not give any umbrage to the contrary, they do now repeal that agreement,
and do agree that our ministers shall, in that respect, conduct themselves as
though it had never been. And to obviate all misrepresentations that are like
to be made of our agreement the last year, to bring such candidates of the min-
istry under the examination of the Synod, or the commission of the Synod, as
to their proficiency in human learning, who have had a private education, the
Synod declare, that they do not thereby call in question the power of subordi-
nate Presbyteries to ordain ministers, but only assert their own right to judge
of the qualifications of their own members. And though they do not deny but
that such as are brought into the ministry contrary to this agreement may be
truly gospel ministers, yet inasmuch as they caiinot but think that agreement
needful to be insisted on in order to the well-being of this part of the Church
of Christ, they cannot admit them when so brought into the ministry to be
members of this Synod, until they submit to the said agreement, though they
do consent, that they be in all other respects and considered as ministers of the
gospel, any thing that may be otherwise construed in any of our former pro-
ceedings, notwithstanding.
Two expedients for peace were proposed to answer the end of the act for pre-
serving learning by examination for candidates, which were taken under con-
sideration till the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'cIocJc, P. M. met according to o])polntmcnt. Ubi post prcces
sederunt qui sup)ra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The further consideration of the abovesaid overture deferred. There being
two representations brought into the Synod by Mr. lilair and Mr. Gilbert Ten-
nent, representing many defects in our ministry that are matter of greatest
lamentation if chargeable upon our members : the Synod do therefore solemnly
admonish all the ministers within their bounds, seriously to consider the weight
of their charge, and, as they will answer it at the great day of Christ, to take
care to approve themselves to God, in the instances complained of. And the
Synod do recommend it to the several Presbyteries to take care of their several
ministers in these particulars.
A supplication came into the Synod from the congregations of Tinnacum
and Newtown respectively, desiring to be dismissed from the Presbytery of
Philadelphia, and to be joined to the Presbytery of New-Brunswick, and it was
readily granted.
Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next, then to meet at Philadel-
phia at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.*
• At a meeting of the commission of the Synod,
June Sd, 1740. Ubi post prcces sederunt
Mr. John Pierson Moderator of the Synod, Messrs. John Thomson, Robert Cross,
George Gillespie, and Jedidiiih Andrews.
The account of the fund was bruuf^ht in ; and it appears before any disbursements
made this year, that there was as follows:
1741.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 155
1741.
The Synod met according to appointment,
Philadelphia, May the llth, 1741. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers, members of the Presbytery of New Castle : Messrs. George Gil-
lespie, Robert Cathcart, Charles Tennent, Francis Alison, Alexander Huch-
eson, Samuel Blair. Absent : Mr. Thomas Evans.
Members of the Presbytery of Lewes, ministers present : Messrs. James
Martin and Robert Jamison. Absent ; Messrs. Hugh Carlile, Patrick Glas-
cow, Hugh Stevenson.
Presbytery of Philadelphia, ministers present : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews,
Robert Cross, Daniel Elmer, Francis McHenry, Richard Treat, William
Tennent.
New Brunswick Presbytery, ministers present : Messrs. Eleazer Wales,
Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent. Absent : Mr. John Cross.
Members of Donegall Presbytery present : Messrs. John Thomson, Adam
Boyd, John Elder, Richard Zanchy, Samuel Gavin, Samuel Thomson, John
Craig, Alexander Craighead, David Alexander.
New York Presbytery absent.
Elders present : John Richy, William McCollock, William Gray, Jonathan
Fithian, Robert Porter, John Swansey, James Carr, Robert McKnight, Francis
Alexander, Abednego Thomas, Alexander McKnight, John McConc, John
Ramsey, William McCrey, Robert Craig, Robert Rowland, Richard Walker,
David Chambers.
Mr. Pierson, the last year's moderator, not being present, Mr. Andrews
opened the Synod with a sermon on Mar. ix. 24.
£ 5. d.
Principal, 485 12 0 J
Interest due, 45 48^
Cash, 32 10 10.J
Total £563 7 1\
Memorandum : That a bond of Mr. Paul's deed of twelve pounds, "which is no part of
the above sum, was remitted to his widow.
Grants from the fund by the Synod this year :
£ s. d.
To the Treasurer, 6 0 0
To the Janitor, 1 10 0
To Mr. Glen, 5 00 0
To Turkey, 6 00 0
A supplication was brought in by Abraham Scott and John Kirkpatrick, in the name
of a party at Nottingham, requesting that they might be dismissed from the Presbytery
of Donegall, for reasons therein contained. The commission having considered the aflfair,
thought fit to remit it to the consideration of the next Synod.
Representatives from Norrington desired supplies, and the commission being desirous
to do all they could for them, appointed Mr. Boyd to supply them once a quarter, and to
come to them the first time the first Sabbath of August ; Mr. Cowell once a quarter, be-
ginning the first Sabbath of July ; Mr. McHenry once a quarter, beginning the first
Sabbath of September; and Mr. Black once a quarter, beginning the first Sabbath of
November. This to be done till next Synod. The ministers in town to help them as
they can.
A letter from Dr. Colman, of Boston, to the Synod was read, wherein he, in the name
of the associated bretliren there, assures the Synod of their readiness to concur with the
Synod in their laudable proposal of erecting a school or seminary of learning in these
parts. And it is ordered that Mr. Andrews write to the Doctor, and the said associated
brethren on that head.
Ordered, That five pounds and ten shillings be given on a pious design.
156 MINUTES OF THE [1741.
Mr. Andrews chosen moderator, and ^Mr. Boyd clerk.
Adjourned till nine clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
28 day. At nine o^docJc, met accordimj to apvointmcnt. Ubi post preccs
sederunt qui supra.
Objections being made against some members sitting in Synod, the Synod
entered upon the consideration of that affair, and especially in reference to Mr,
Craighead, and after much discourse upon it, and a paper of Mr. Craighead's
being read, the Synod deferred the further consideration of that affair till the
afternoon.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. jiost preces sederunt qui sup>ra.
A supplication from Middle Octorara congregation containing charges
against Mr. John Thomson, being presented and read, after much discourse
upon it, the Synod agreed that Mr. Thomson have a copy of the said suppli-
cation, and that his Presbytery shall, with all possible expedition, judge of that
affair.
I The affair of Mr. Craighead reassumed. ]Mr. Craighead presented another
paper, which was read, and after debating on that business, the Synod agreed
that this and the former paper be perused by the Doncgall Presbytery, in order
to prepare for trial against to-morrow in the afternoon.
Adjourned till to-morrow at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
I^ih, at nine o'clock. Post -preces sederunt qui supra.
Since our last meeting it pleased God in his providence to remove by death,
our dear brethren Mr. James Anderson, of the Presbytery of Donegall, and
Mr. Joseph Houston, of the Presbytery of New York.
Mr. Samuel Thomson, Mr. Patrick Glascow, Mr. Alexander, and Mr. Ber-
tram were absent last year, and having given or sent reasons of their absence,
are excused ; as also Mr. David Evans.
Inasmuch as Mr. Stevenson has from time to time, and for years past, ne-
glected attending on our judicatures, and also omitted his ministry without
giving us any reasons for his said conduct, it is therefore agreed, that his name
shall be struck out of our records, till he come before us and give an account
of his proceedings.
Mr. Goold is removed out of the bounds of our Synod.
The choosing a committee, and other business for the fund, deferred.
Messrs. Hutchinson and Blair appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia; Mes.srs. Martin and Jamison the Presbytery book of Donegall.
The I'resbytery books of New York, New Brunswick, New Castle, and Lewes,
are not brought.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that there was something brought by Messrs. Gillespie, Blair, Jamison, An-
drews, "William Tennent, senior. Elder, Zanchy, and Samuel Thomson.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. according to ajypointment, post prcces sederunt qui
supra.
The Presbytery of Donegall, as appointed, begun their reply to IMr. Craig-
head's paper in several particulars, but being late it 's deferred till to-morrow
morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1741.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 157
30 day. At nine o'clochy met according to appointment. TJhi po&t preces
sederunt qui supra.
The above affair continued, and a great deal of discourse maintained upon
it. The Synod defer the further consideration thereof.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. on Monday next. Concluded with
prayer.
June 1. At three o^ clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A protestation was brought in by Mr. Cross, read, and signed by several
members, which is kept in retentis.*
* A Protestation presented to the Synod, June 1, 1741.
Reverend Fathers and Brethren,
We, the ministers of Jesus Christ, and members of the Synod of Philadelphia, bein<y
•wounded and grieved at our very hearts, at the dreadful divisions, distractions, and con°
vulsions, -n-hich all of a sudden have seized this infant church to such a degree, that un-
less He, who is King in Zion, do graciously and seasonably interpose for our relief, she
is in no small danger of expiring outright, and that quickly, as to the form, order,' and
constitution, of an organized church, which hath subsisted for above these thirty years
past, in a very great degree of comely order and sweet harmony, until of late— we say,
we being deeply afflicted with these things which lie heavy on our spirits, and being sen-
sible that it is our indispensable duty to do what lies in our power, in a lawful way, ac-
cording to the light and direction of the inspired oracles, to preserve this swooning church
from a total expiration : and after the deliberate and unprejudiced inquiry into the causes
of these confusions which rage so among us, both ministers and people, we evidently see-
ing, and being fully persuaded in our judgments, that besides our raisimprovemeut of,
and unfruitfulness under, gospel light, liberty, and privileges, that great decay of practi-
cal godliness in the life and power of it, and many abounding immoralities: we say,
besides these, our sins, which we judge to be the meritorious cause of our present
doleful distractions, the awful judgment we at present groan under, we evidently see
that our protesting brethren and their adherents, were the direct and proper cause
thereof, by their unwearied, unscriptural, antipresbyterial, uncharitable, divisive prac-
tices, which they have been pursuing, with all the industry they were capable of, with
any probability of success, for above these twelve months past especially, besides too
much of the like practices for some years before, though not with such barefaced arro-
gance and boldness:
And being fully convinced in our judgments, that it is our duty to bear testimony
against these disorderly proceedings, according to our stations, capacity, and trust re-
posed in us by our exalted Lord, as watchmen on the walls of his Zion, we having en-
deavoured sincerely to seek counsel and direction from God, who hath promised to give
wisdom to those that ask him in faith, yea, hath promised his Holy Spirit to lead his
people and servants into all truth, and being clearly convinced in our consciences, that
it is a duty called unto in this present juncture of affairs :
Reverend Fathers and Brethren, we hereby humbly and solemnly protest, in the
presence of the great and eternal God, and his elect angels, as well as in the presence
pt all here present, and particularly to you, Reverend Brethren, in our own names, and
in the names of all, both ministers and people, who shall adhere to us, as follows :
1. We protest that it is the indispensable duty of this Synod, to maintain and stand
by the principles of doctrine, worship, and government, of the Church of Christ, as the
same are summed up in the Confession of Faith, Catechisms, and Directory, composed
by the Westminster Assembly, as being agreeable to the word of God, and which this
Synod have owned, acknowledged, and adopted, as may appear by our synodical records
ot the years 17:^9, 1736, which we desire to be read publicly.
2. We protest that no person, minister or elder, should be allowed to sit and vote in
this Synod, who hath not received, adopted, or subscribed, the said Confessions, Cate-
chisms, and Directory, as our Presbyteries respectively do, according to our last expli-
cation of the adopting act; or who is either accused or convicted, or may be convicted
before this Synod, or any of our Presbyteries, of holding or maintaining any doctrine,
or who act and persist in any practice, contrary to any of those doctrines, or rules con-
tained in said Directory, or contrary to any of the known rights of Presbytery, or orders
made or agreed to by this Synod, and which stand yet unrepealed, unless, or until he
renounce such doctrine, and being found guilty, acknowledge, confess, and profess his
158 MINOTES OF THE [1741,
Upon this it was canvassed by the former protesting brethren, -whether they
or we are to be looked upon as the Synod. We maintained that they had
no right to sit whether they were the major or minor number. Then they
motioned that we should examine this point, and that ^e major number was
sorrow for such sinful disorder, to the satisfaction of this S^Miod, or such inferior judi-
catory as tlie Synod shall appoint or empower for tiiat purpose.
3. We protest that all our protesting brethren liave at present no right to sit and vote
as members of this Synod, having forfeited their right of being accounted members of it
for many reasons, a few of which we shall mention afterwards.
4. We protest that, if, notwithstanding of this our protestation, these brethren be
allowed to sit and vote in this Synod, without giving suitable satisfaction to the Sj-nod,
and particularly to us, who now enter this protestation, and those who adhere to ua
in it, that whatsoever shall be done, voted, or transacted by them, contrary to our
judgmeut, shall be of no force or obligation to us, being done and acted by a judica-
tory consisting in part of members who have no authority to act with us in ecclesiasti-
cal matters.
5. We protest that, if, notwithstanding this our protestation, and contrary to the true
intent and meaning of it, these protesting bretiiren, and such as adhere to them, or sup-
port and countenance them in their antipresbyterial practices, shall continue to act a3
they have done this last year, in that case we, and as many as have clearness to join
with us, and maintain the rights of this judicatory, shall be accounted in nowise dis-
orderly, but the true Presbyterian Church in this province ; and they shall be looked
upon as guilty of schism, and the breach of the rules of Presbyterial government,
which Christ has established iu his church, which Ave are ready at all times to demon-
strate to the world.
Reverend and dear Brethren, we beseech you to hear us with patience, while we lay
before you as briefly as we can, some of the reasons that move us thus to protest, and
more particularly, why we protest against our pi'otesting brethren's being allowed to sit
as members of this Synod.
1. Their heterodox and anarchical principles expressed in their Apology, pages twen-
ty-eight and thirty-nine, where they expressly deny that Presbyteries have authority to
oblige their dissenting members, and that Synods should go any further, in judging of
appeals or references, &c. than to give their best advice, which is plainly to divest the
otftcers and judicatories of Christ's kingdom of all authority, (and plainly contradicts the
thirty-first article of our Confession of Faith, section three, which these brethren pre-
tend to adopt,) agreeable to which is the whole superstructure of arguments which they
advance and maintain against not only our synodical acts, but also all authority' to make
any acts or orders that shall bind their dissenting members, throughout their whole
Apology.
2. Their protesting against the Synod's act in relation to the examination of candi-
dates, together with their proceeding to license and ordain men to the ministry of the
gospel, in opposition to, and iu contempt of said act of Synod.
o. Their making irregular irruptions upon the congregations to which they have no
immediate relation, witliout order, concurrence, or alloAvance of the Presbyteries or
ministers to which congregations belong, thereliy sowing the seeds of division among
people, and doing what they can to alienate and fill their minds with unjust prejudices
against their lawfully called pastors.
4. Their principles and practice of rash judging and condemning all who do not fall
in with their measures, both ministers and people, as carnal, graceless, and enemies to
the work of God, and what not, as appears in .Mr. Gilbert Tennent's sermon against un-
converted ministers, and his and Mr. Blair's papers of May last, which were read in open
Synod; whioii rash judging has been the constant practice of our protesting brethren,
and their irregular probationers, for above these twelvemonths past, in their disorderly
itinerations and preaching through our congregations, by wliicii, (alas ! for it,) most of
our congregations, through weakness and credulity, are so shattered and dividetl, and
shaken in tiieir principles, that few or none of us can say we enjoy the comfort, or have
the success among our people, which otherwise we might, and which we enjoyed here-
tofore.
5. Their industriously persuading people to believe that the call of God whereby he
calls men to the ministry, does not consist in their being regularly ordained and set apart
to that work, according to the institution and rules of the word ; but in some invisible
1741.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. I59
the Synod. They were found to be the minor party, and upon this they with-
drew. After this the Synod proceeded to business.
Oyertured, That every member of this Synod, whether minister or elder,
do sincerely and heartily receive, own, acknowledge, or subscribe, the West-
minster Confession of Faith, and Larger and Shorter Catechisms, as the con-
motions and workings of the Spirit, which none can be conscious or sensible of but the
person himself, and with respect to which he is liable to be deceived, or play the hypo-
crite ; that the gospel preached in truth by unconverted ministers, can be of no saving
benefit to souls ; and their pointing out such ministers, whom they condemn as graceless
by their rash judging spirit, they effectually carry the point with the poor credulous
people, who, in imitation of their example, and under their patrociny, judge their minis-
ters to be graceless, and forsake their ministry as hurtful rather than profitable.
6. Their preaching the terrors of the law in such a manner and dialect as has no pre-
cedent in the word of God, but rather appears to be borrowed from a woi-se dialect ; and
so industriously working on the passions and affections of weak minds, as to cause them
to cry out in a hideous manner, and fall down in convulsion-like fits, to the marring of
the profiting both of themselves and others, who are so taken up in seeing and hearing
these odd symptoms, that they cannot attend to or hear what the preacher says ; and
then, after all, boasting of these things as the work of God, which we are persuaded do
proceed from an inferior or worse cause.
7. Their, or some of them, preaching and maintaining that all true converts are as
certain of their gracious state as a person can be of what he knows by his outward
senses ; and are able to give a narrative of the time and manner of their conversion, or
else they conclude them to be in a natural or graceless state, and that a gracious person
can judge of another's gracious state otherwise than by his profession and life. That
people are under no sacred tie or relation to their own pastors lawfully called, but may
leave them when they please, and ought to go where they think they get most good.
For these and many other reasons, we protest, before the Eternal God, his holy angels,
and you. Reverend Brethren, and before all here present, that these brethren have no
right to be acknowledged as members of this judicatory of Christ, whose principles and
practices are so diametrically opposite to our doctrine, and principles of government and
order, which the great King of the Church hath laid down in his word.
How absurd and monstrous must that union be, where one part of the members own
themselves obliged, in conscience, to the judicial determinations of the whole, founded
on the word of God, or else relinquish membership; and another part declare, they are
not obliged and will not submit, unless the determination be according to their minds,
and consequently will submit to no rule, in making of which they are in the negative.
Again, how monstrously absurd is it, that they should so much as desire to join with
us, or we with them, as a judicatory, made up of authoritative officers of .Jesus Christ,
while they openly condemn us wholesale ; and, when they please, apply their condemna-
tory sentences to particular brethren by name, without judicial process, or proving them
guilty of heresy or immorality, and at the same time will not hold Christian communion
with them.
Again, how absurd is the union, while some of the members of the same body, which
meet once a year, and join as a judicatory of Christ, do all the rest of the year what
they can, openly and above board, to persuade the people and flocks of their brethren
and fellow members, to separate from their own pastors, as gi-aceless hypocrites, and yet
they do not separate from them themselves, but join with them once every year, as mem-
bers of the same judicatory of Christ, and oftener, when Presbyteries are mixed. Is it
not most unreasonable, stupid indolence in us, to join with such as are avowedly tearing
us in pieces like beasts of prey ?
Again, is not the continuance of union with our protesting brethren very absurd, when
it is so notorious that both their doctrine and practice are so directly contrary to the
adopting act, whereby both they and we have adopted the Confession of Faith, Catechisms
and Directory, composed by the Westminster Assembly?
Finally, is not continuance of union absurd with those who would arrogate to them-
selves a right and power to palm and obtrude members on our Synod, contrary to the
minds and judgment of the body?
In fine, a continued union, in our judgment, is most absurd and inconsistent, when it
is so notorious, that our doctrine and principles of church government, in many points,
are not only diverse, but directly opposite. For how can two walk together, except they
be agreed ?
Reverend Fathers and Brethren, these are a part, and but a part, of our reasons why
160 MINUTES OF THE [1741
fossion of bis faith, and the Directory, as far as circumstances will allow and
admit in this infant church, for the rule of church order. Ordered, That every
session do oblige their elders, at their admission, to do the same. This was
readily approved, nanine contradiccnfe.
Messrs. Cross, Thomson, Martin, Alison, Cathcart, Boyd, and the moderator,
ministers ; and Eobert IMcKnight, William McCuUoch, llobert Kowlaud, and
James Kerr, elders, appointed a committee for the fund, and any other business
the Synod shall recommend to them.
Messrs. Thomson, Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson, Piobert Cross, Alison,
Boyd, Martin, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod for the year
ensuing, with elders, if they have occasion to meet, and that any five of the
ministers be a quorum.
It is reported that Mr. John Craig was, after the usual trials, ordained since
last Synod, and that he subscribed the "Westminster Confession of Faith, ac-
cording to order of Synod.
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the Synod
break up.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet to-morrow morning at eight
of the clock, to bring in the account of the fund. And the Synod to meet at
ten a'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2d day. At ten oWoch, according to appointment. Post prices sederunt qvi
supra.
The committee for the fund met, and overtured, that pursuant to the suppli-
cation of the undertakers of the meeting-house at Wilmington, viz : Capt.
Chambers and Capt. Hucheson, representing the difficulties that attend de-
•we protest as above, and which we have only hinted at, but have forborne to enlarge on
them, as we might, the matter and substance of them are so well known to you all, and
the whole world about us, that we judged this hint sufficient at present, to declare our
serious and deliberate judgment in the matter; and as we profess ourselves to be re-
solvedly against principles and practice of both anarchy and schism, so we hope that
God, whom we desire to serve and obey, the Lord Jesus Christ, whose ministers we are,
will both direct and enable us to conduct ourselves, in these trying times, so as our con-
sciences shall not reproach us as long as we live. Let God arise, and let his enemies be
scattered, and let them that hate him lly before him, but let the righteous be glad, yea,
let them exceedingly rejoice. And may the spirit of life and comfort revive and comfort
this poor swooning and fainting church, quicken her to spiritual life, and restore her to
the exercise of true charity, peace, and order.
Although we can freely, and from the bottom of our hearts, justify the Divine pro-
ceedings against us, in suffering us to fall into these confusions for our sins, and par-
ticularly for the great decay of the life and ]iower of godliness among all ranks, both
ministers and people, yet we think it to be our present duty to bear testimony against
these prevailing disorders, judging that to give way to the breaking down the hedge of
discipline and government from about Christ's vineyard, is far from being the proper
method of causing his tender plants to grow in grace and fruitfulness.
As it is our duty in our station, without delay, to set about a reformation of the evils
whereby we have provoked God against ourselves, so we judge the strict observation of
Lis laws of government and order, and not the breaking of them, to be one necessary
mean and method of this necessary and much to be desired reformation. And we doubt
not, but when our(iod sees us duly humbled and penitent for our sins, he will yet return
to us in mercy, and cause us to llourish in spiritual life, love, unity, and order, though
perhaps we may not live to see it, yet this testimony that we now bear, may be of some
good use tu our children yet unborn, when God shall arise and have mercy on Zion.
Ministers : Kobert Cross, John Thomson, Francis Alison, Robert C.-ithcart, Richard
Zunchy, John Elder, John Craig, Samuel Caven, Samuel Thomson, Adam lioyd,
James Martin, Robert Jamison.
Elders : Robert I'orter, Robert McKnight, William McCulloch, John McEuen, Robert
Rowland, Robert Craig, James Kerr, Alexander McKuight.
s.
d.
00
0
10
0
00
0
00
0
1742.] SYNOD OF PIlILADELPniA. 161
fraying the charges of that meeting-house, the sum of ton pounds be given out
of the fund for the aforesaid use, and that the Synod lend to said use upon
sufficient security, the sum of thirty pounds, if said sum can be had next fall,
.free from interest for three years, and that the same be repaid at ten pounds a
year. And in case no money come into the Synod's fund, that the Synod agree
to pay the interest of fifty pounds for five years if required.
£
To the Treasurer, . - - - 6
To the Janitor, - - - 1
To Mrs. Glen, .... 3
To Mrs. Paul, ... 1
Which overture was read and approved.
The Synod taking to their serious consideration, that God's judgments are
abroad in the earth, and that the war in which we are engaged, the threatening
scarcity of grain by the discouraging prospect of our crops, and the mournful,
melancholy divisions among us, who profess to be the followers of the Prince
of Peace, do loudly call for it, that we should keep a day of humiliation, fast-
ing, and prayer, to implore the merciful and compassionate regard of our good
God in these difficulties, and that it be left to each Presbytery to appoint the
time as it will best suit within their respective bounds. Agreed, nemine contra-
dicente.
Ordered, That Messrs. Thomson, Thomas Evans, and Alison, defend the pro-
testation in print if need be.
Ordered, That Mr. Thomson supply at Norrington the first Sabbath of June,
Mr. Andrews the first Sabbath of July, Mr. Boyd the first Sabbath of August,
Mr. Cross the first Sabbath of September, Mr. Alison the first Sabbath of Oc-
tober, Mr. Elder the first Sabbath of November, Mr. McHenry the first Sabbath
of December, Mr. Zanchy the first Sabbath of March, Mr. Andrews the first
Sabbath of April, and Mr. Cross the first Sabbath of May.
Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next, then to meet at Philadel-
phia, at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1742.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment.
May 2Qth, 1742. Ubi post preces sederunt
New York Presbytery : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Ebenezer Pemberton,
John Pierson, John Nutman, Simon Hortou, Silas Leonard, Azariah Horton.
Absent : Messrs. Walter Wilmot, Aaron Burr, Nathaniel Hubbel, Isaac Chalker,
Samuel Pumry.
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Adam Boyd, Richard Zan-
chy, Samuel Caven, Samuel Black, Samuel Thomson, Alexander McDowell.
Absent : Messrs. William Bertram, John Elder, John Craig.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cathcart, Francis Alison. Absent :
Messrs. Thomas Evans, Hugh Conn, and John Orme.
Lewes Presbytery. Absent : Messrs. James Martin, Robert Jamison, Hugh
Carlile.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, David
Evans, Daniel Elmer, David Cowell, Francis McHenry, John Guild, Samuel
Evans.
Elders: Messrs. David Whittit, Nathaniel Hazard, John Ball, Timothy
Whittit, John Hally, Andrew Gray, Thomas Hope, Walter Caruth, George
21
162 MINUTES OF THE [1742.
Davison, James McTire, William Lindsay, Samuel Steel, William Gray,
John Cross, Jonathan Fitbian, Samuel Hart, David Griffith, Thomas Stid-
more.
jSIr. Dickinson chosen moderator, and Mr. Alison clerk.
Mr. Andrews, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on
2 Cor. iv. 5.
The absence of New York Presbytery last year, considered, and the excuses
of some of the members sustained.
Since our last it hath pleased God to remove by death, the Rev. Mr. Henry
Hook, of the Presbytery of Lewes.
Ordained since our last, Mr. Azariah Horton, missionary for the Indians, in
the l*resbytery of New York; Mr. John Guild and Mr. Samuel Evans, in the
Presbytery of Philadelphia; and Mr. Alexander McDowell in the Presbytery
of Donegall.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 21 th at nine o^doclc, met, and j^ost j^reces sederunt qui, supra.
Upon a motion made by the moderator, that our Synod should hold a con-
ference with the Brunswick brethren that they rejected last year, in order to
accommodate the difference and make up that unhappy breach, it is agreed, that
Messrs. Dickinson, Pcmberton, Pierson, Cross, Andrews, Thomson, Cat heart,
David Evans, and Alison, meet with these brethren, and try all methods
consistent with gospel truth, to prepare the way for healing the said breach.
Agreed that the conference be held at the usual place of the Synod's meeting,
at three in the afternoon, and that the Synod adjourn till nine o'clock to-mor-
row morning.
2Sth day, at nine d' clock, post preces sederunt qui siqora.
Ordered, That the Synod be resolved into an interloquitur of ministers and
elders, to manage the conference with the ejected brethren, who are allowed,
if they see cause, to bring with them the ministers that they ordained, that
were never allowed to be ministers of this Synod, and all their respective
elders.
After a great deal of time spent to no purpose, the interloquitur found that
all attempts for a coalition were vain and fruitless, and therefore it is agreed to
adjourn till three o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clocJ:, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Robert Jamison is now present and bis absence excused.
The Synod entered upon the affair complained of by the ejected members,
and the question put for the managing said affair was, who should be the judges
of the case? The ejected members would submit the business to the considera-
tion of none as judges, but such as had not signed the protest last year. And
the protesting brethren answered to the point : That they, with the members
that had adhered to them, after ejecting said members, were the S3'nod, and
acted as such in the rejection, and in so doing they only cast out such members
as they judged had rendered themselves unworthy of membership, by openly
maintaining and practising things subversive of their constitution, and there-
fore would not be called to account by absent members, or by any judicature
on earth, but were willing to give the reasons of their conduct to their absent
brethren, and to the public to consider or review it.
Ordered, That the Synod, ministers and elders, meet at nine in the morning
in an interloquitur.
Adjourned till eleven o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1742.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 163
29th dai/, at 11 o'clock, A. M. met ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The interloquitur having entered upon some business without coming to a
conclusion, the Synod is adjourned till Monday morning at tea of the clock.
Concluded -with prayer.
31 day, at ten o'clock, met according to appointment. JJhi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Pemberton, Pierson, Thomson,
Martin, Boyd, Cathcart, Samuel Evans, McIIenry, Alison, and the moderator,
be a committee for the fund, and the commission of the Synod for the follow-
ing year ; and Messrs. Gra}', John Steel, Hazard, and William Linsey,
be joined with the said committee in the affair of the fund, and that the
ministers of the commission have elders with them if they have occasion to
meet.
A protest was given in by some members of our Synod, which is as follows,
viz :
To the reverend Synod now sitting in Philadelphia : We the subscribers,
in our own and in the name of all that we shall see meet to join with us, look
upon ourselves obliged in the most public manner, to declare our opinions with
respect to the division made in our Synod the last year, by a protest that was
delivered in by several of our members.
First. We declare against the excluding the Presbytery of New-Bruns-
wick and their adherents, from the communion of the Synod by a protest,
without giving them a previous trial, as an illegal aud unprecedented pro-
cedure, contrary to the rules of the gospel and subversive of our excellent
constitution.
Secondly. We declare and protest against the conduct of our brethren, the
last year's protestors, in refusing to have the legality of their said protest tried
by the present Synod.
Thirdly. We therefore declare and protest, that these members of the New-
Brunswick Presbytery, and their adherents, that were excluded by the last
year's protest, are to be owned and esteemed as members of this Synod, until
they are excluded by a regular and impartial process against them, according
to the methods prescribed in sacred Scripture, and practised by the churches
of the Presbyterian persuasion.
Fourthly. We protest against all passages in any of the pamphlets which
have been lately published in these parts, which seem to reflect upon the work
of divine power and grace, which has been carrying on in so wonderful a
manner in many of our congregations, and declare to all the world, that we
look upon it to be the indispensable duty of all our ministers to encourage
that glorious work with their most faithful and diligent endeavours. And in
like manner, we protest and declare against all divisive and irregular methods
and practices, by which the peace and good order of our churches have been
broken in upon.
This is what our duty to God, and our regard to the peace and prosperity
of his church oblige us to protest and declare, and we desire it may be recorded
in the minutes of the Synod in perpetuam rei memoriam.
Jonathan Dickinson, Azariah Horton,
John Pierson, Nathaniel Hazard,
Ebenezer Pemberton, David Whitehead,
Simon Horton, Silas Leonard,
Daniel Elmer, Timothy Whitehead.
Philadelphia, May 29, 17-42.
164 MINUTES OF THE [1743.
[This is in the first article protestatio contra factum ; for they were excluded
by a vote of the Synod if they refused to give satisfaction for the points com-
plained of, and upon this they withdrew.]
I, the suhscriber, do hereby desire, that it may be inserted in the Synod's
minute book, that I judge it an open infringement on the rights of society, and
particularly on our rights as Presbyterians, for any absent members to pretend
to a right to call the body to an account, and judge of the legality of proceed-
ings in acts, resolutions, and conclusions made in their absence. Though T
firmly believe that it is the duty of such a body to submit such resolutions and
conclusions to a review of the next Synod ; and though I look on it as giving
up some of our rights, yet it is my earnest desire, and what I insist on,
that the merits of the cause for which last year's Synod excluded the IJruus-
wick brethren and adherents, be fairly tried by this present Synod, in order to
manifest the justness of said proceedings.
Francis Alison.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May, at three o'clock, afternoon,
and then to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.*
1743.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment,
Mai/ 'Ibth, 1743. Lhi post prcccs sederunt
IMinisters of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Ebene-
zer Pemberton, John Pierson, Aaron Burr, John Nutman. Absent : Messrs.
Walter Wilmot, Nathaniel Hubbel, Silas Leonard, Azariah Horton, Simon
Ilorton, Samuel Pumry.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cathcart, Francis Alison, Robert
Jamison. Absent : Messrs. Hugh Conn, John Ormc, and Hugh Stevenson.
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Adam Boyd, Samuel Black,
John Elder, Richard Zanchy, Samuel Caveu, Alexander McDowell, Hamilton
* The commission of the Synod met at four in the afternoon.
Upon a siipplication of the peojile of Apoquinimy, to be joined to the Presbytery of
New Castle, and Mr. Jamison re])resenting that their Presbytery was so weali that they
could not meet upon business, it was agreed that the Presbytery of Lewes do joia with
that of New Castle.
The Presbytery of New Castle having applied for advice to the Synod, with relation to
Mr. .John Steel, a probationer from Ireland, who otlered himself to our care as a candi-
date for the sacred work of the ministry, but was umler some difficulty with relation to
a marriage promise claimed by a young woman in Ireland, as his testimonials set forth,
and by reason of some steps taken by him in his marriage in this country: The com-
mission finding in all things, that his conduct at home and in tliis country, has been fair
ami unblamable, those things excepted, do advise the Presbytery of New Castle to defer
taking him on trials till December next. And in the mean time, desire that both the
young man and the Pres>)ytery, write to the Presbytery of Londou-Derry, in Ireland, to
see if any further light may l>e obtained in said all'air.
Upon the sujijilication of several of the back inhabitants of Virginia, desiring that the
commission of tlie Synod would draw up a supplication to be sent to the General Assem-
bly in Scotland or tiieir commission, begging the favour that they may send over a pro-
bationer or minister, tliat they think suitably qualitied for that place, to take the pas-
toral charge of said people. It is agreed that Messrs. Andrews and Cross write to them
by the tirst suitable opportunity.
The Synod having given orders last year to some of their number, to answer such wri-
tings as might be needful to set the present debate in a true light ; notwithstanding we
think it is the Synod's business to see tlie Printer's accounts cleared, yet the commission
recommend it earnestly to every Presbytery, and to every person, to be careful to bring
in the price of the books disposed of in their bounds or by themselves, in order to defray
said expense, before they proceed to contribute any thing further out of the fund.
Concluded with prayer.
1743.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 165
Bell, John Hindman. Absent : Messrs. William Bertram, Samuel Thomson,
John Craig.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, Daniel
Elmer, David Cowell, Francis McHenry, and Samuel Evans. Absent :
Messrs. David Evans and John Guild.
Elders : Messrs. Alexander Walker, James Donnel, Matthew Atchinson,
Daniel Henderson, George Davison, William Stevenson, John McEwen,
Arthur Patterson, William Gray, John Ogden, Samuel Hart, and David
Griffith.
Mr. Dickinson, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon
on 1 Cor. i. 10.
Mr. David Cowell chosen moderator, and Mr. Alison clerk.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26 day at ten o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Leonard and the Hortons' absence excused. Mr. Chalker is re-
moved out of our bounds.
Mr. Hugh Stevenson absent. This affair to be considered.
Messrs. Thomas Evans and James Martin, of the Presbytery of New
Castle, removed by death since our last, and likewise Mr. Joel Evans, proba-
tioner.
Since our last, Mr. Bell and Mr. Hindman were ordained by the Presby-
tery of Donegall.
Messrs. Bertram, Samuel Thomson, and Craig are excused for their absence.
Mr. David Evans excused for his absence.
A paper being brought in by Thomas Cookson, Esq. one of his majesty's
justices, for the county of Lancaster, in the name of the Governor, to be laid
before and considered by us, the Synod agrees to defer all other business, and
set aside the common methods of their proceeding, to consider it, and orders
it to be read. The above mentioned paper, with an affidavit concerning it,
being read in open Synod, it was unanimously agreed : That it is full of trea-
son, sedition, and distraction, and grievous perverting of the sacred oracles to
the ruin of all societies and civil government, and directly and diametrically
opposite to our religious principles, as we have on all occasions openly and
publicly declared to the world ; and we hereby unanimously, with the greatest
sincerity, declare that we detest this paper, and with it all principles and prac-
tices that tend to destroy the civil or religious rights of mankind, or to foment
or encourage sedition or dissatisfaction with the civil government that we are
now under, or rebellion, treason, or any thing that is disloyal. And if Mr.
Alexander Craighead be the author we know nothing of the matter. And we
hereby declare, that he hath been no member of our society for some time
past, nor do we acknowledge him as such, though we cannot but heartily
lament that any man that was ever called a Presbyterian, should be guilty of
what is in this paper. And we order, that a committee be appointed to draw
up an address to the governor on this occasion, and that the committee be
Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Alison, and the moderator, and bring it into
the Synod for approbation.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At four o'clocJc, P. M. met, xihi post preces sederunt qui sujira.
Mr. Stevenson's affair deferred.
The address was brought in and approved. Ordered, That the ministers
of the Synod wait on the governor and present this address, together with a
copy of our minute with relation to this affair.
166 MINUTES OF THE [1743.
Mr. Elder's absence last year is excused.
Mr. Jones was ordained by the New York Presbytery since our last.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson,
Thomson, Boyd, Cathcart, Samuel Evans, McHenry, Alison, and the mode-
rator, be a committee for tlie fund, and the commission of the Synod for the
following year; and that William Gray, Arthur Patterson, and James Donnel,
be joined with the said committee in the affair of the fund : and that the mi-
nisters of the commission shall endeavour to bring elders with them if they
have occasion to meet, and that six of them with the moderator, shall be a
quorum.
Ordered, That Mr. McDowell and Mr. Bell revise the Presbytery Book of
Philadelphia. And that all our Presbyteries punctually bring their books.
Laving all neglected to do so, Philadelphia Presbytery only excepted.
Infjuiry being made who had this year brought money to the fund, it was
found that Mr. Alison, Mr. Bell, Messrs. Andrews and Cross, and Mr. Cowell,
had broutfht something;.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
27</i day, at ten o'cloc/i, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui siqn-a.
The affair of Hugh Stevenson was taken under consideration, upon which
the Synod came into the following resolution : The Presbytery of New Cas-
tle having suspended 31r. Stevenson on account of some scandals alleged
against him, and his neglecting to appear before them to vindicate himself,
notwithstanding he was called upon to do it, and having referred the further
consideration of this affair to the Synod, the Synod having considered their
reference, do look upon the conduct of the New Castle I'resbytery as regular,
and continue Mr. Stevenson under suspension till he shall be prcsbyterially
cleared from these scandals alleged against him, and desire the New Castle
Presbytery to take the first opportunity they conveniently can, to inquire into
Mr. Stevenson's conduct, in order to a final determination.
Adjourned till four o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
At four o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Some papers were given in to the Synod from some of the congregation at
Abington. The consideration of them deferred.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
I^th day. At ten o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui suj)ra.
Ordered, That the Abington papers be read ; and the persons that brought
them were referred back to their own Presbytery of Philadelphia.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
On Monday morning the meeting of the Synod was deferred till four o'clock,
P. M. that some proposals of peace and agreement might be prepared and
sent to the Brunswick Presbytery.
80 day. 3Ict at four o'clock, P. 31. Uhi post preces sederunt qui
supra.
An overture was brought by the Presbytery of New York, which was ordered
to be read, and was as followeth, viz :
At a Presbytery convened at Newark, May Ify 174.3.
An overture from the l*resbytery of New York, to be proposed to the Synod
of Philadelphia, at their next meeting.
1743.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 167
The Presbytery taking into consideration the melancholy divisions that have
of late obtained in the Synod, to the great dishonour of God, the scandal of
our holy profession, the prejudice of our religious interests, and the too gi'eat
encouragement of those dangerous errors and delusions which are making such
a progress among us, think it our duty to contribute all we can towards healing
these breaches, and promoting the unity of the Spirit in the bonds of peace,
and do therefore propose :
1. That inasmuch as the Presbytery cannot see how the excluding the Pres-
15ytery of New-Brunswick, and those other ministers that join with them by a
protestation, without a particular hearing, and deliberate vote of the Synod,
formed upon such a distinct hearing of the case, can be agreeable to the laws
of Christ, or any rules of discipline that have ever been known among any
churches of our profession : we therefore propose that the said protestation
be withdrawn, and those members peaceably take their place in the Synod as
formerly.
2. Whereas it is of greatest necessity that the education of our candidates
for the ministry be well regulated, and that our former difference upon that
subject be healed, we propose that all such, who for the future shall be pri-
vately educated with a design for improvement in the ministry of the gospel,
shall submit to the former agreement of the Synod in that case, or else be sent
to one of the colleges in New England, and accept of such a station there as they
are found qualified for, and that they continue there at least one year, and obtain
their degree of bachelor of arts. And in case there should be any pious and
promising youths that are privately educated for the ministry, who cannot well
bear the charge of continuing so long at the college, they shall, upon the com-
mendation of their respective Presbyteries, and the approbation of the Synod,
or commission of the Synod, have such allowances from the Synod for their
support at the college, as the Synod or their commission shall think proper, and
so much of the income of the fund as is sufficient shall be appropriated to that
purpose.
3. Whereas there have been differences among us with respect to itinerant
preaching, with the consequences of it, we propose that there be an united
agreement of the Synod, that all our pulpits be open to those ministers that are
in our communion, and we unanimously resolve to invite each other to preach
in our respective parishes as occasion offers. And for any minister to refuse
another minister the use of his pulpit when regularly applied to, and to continue
in that refusal from time to time, shall be looked upon as an unbrotherly prac-
tice, tending to division and separation among us. Provided always, that the
minister refusing his pulpit as aforesaid, has not such reason for his conduct as
shall be approved by the Presbytery, or Synod, or commission of the Synod.
And that there may be no schism or confusions maintained in our congrega-
tions, it be proposed that all our ministers shall be obliged, that they will not
for the future promote or encourage any divisions or separations, neither by
setting up separate meetings in any of our congregations, nor by any methods
whatsoever endeavouring to alienate the affections of the people from their
minister ; but that every one of us shall do what we can to assist one another,
and strengthen each other's hands in the work of the Lord. And every contra-
vention of this article shall be looked upon as just matter of censure either by
Presbytery or Synod.
4. It is also proposed that, if any of our ministers either really have or sup-
pose they have just matter of complaint against any of their brethren in the
ministry within our bounds, with respect either to his doctrine, manner of
preaching, diligence in his discharge of the more public or private parts of his
ministerial duties, or with respect to his conduct or conversation, such minister
shall first in a kind, tender, and affectionate manner, particularly make known
168 MINUTES OF THE [1743.
the matter of his complaint to such of his hrethren in a private conference.
Aad if these endeavours foil of desired success, he shall put into his hands a
■written copy of his complaints, with a citation to answer them before his Pres-
bjtery, or before the Synod, or commission of the Synod, as the complainant
shall think fit.
5. It is also proposed, that all former matters of diflforence and debate in the
Synod, be now entirely buried in oblivion, and that each minister of the Synod
do from this time treat one another with the same intimate love, kindness, and
respect, as if such differences had never been. This article not being to l5e
understood as excluding any of our ministers from reasoning eithen^ublicly or
privately in a brotherly, or a Christian manner, against any point of doctrine
which they suppose erroneous or dangerous.
6. The Presbytery considering the absolute necessity of union and good
agreement in a religious society, since a kingdom divided against itself cannot
stand, do earnestly pray, that this or some other plan of accommodation be
come into at this meeting of the Synod. But if our hopes in that matter should
prove abortive, and no methods can be obtained, it is proposed that this Synod
do unitedly agree that another Synod be erected, by the name of the Synod of
New York, and that any of our members shall have liberty to join themselves
to which of the two Synods they shall think fit ; and in order to our communion
one with another, and to consult the general interest of religion in these parts,
it Is proposed that there be two correspondents sent yearly from each Synod to
the other.
Ebenezer Pemberton, Moderator.
These inserted in the next year's minutes.
Some remarks upon the above overture were read ; and after some considera-
tion it was put to vote, whether this overture was to be accepted as a plan of
accommodation or not, and it was unanimously voted in the negative.
A paper was upon this given in by Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, in his own name,
and in the names of Messrs. Ebenezer Pembcrton, John Pierson, and Aaron
Burr, having previously declared that they complain of no unfriendly or unbro-
therly treatment from the Synod with relation to themselves, but that their
conduct in this affair may be liable to misrepresentations, which said paper is as
follows :
As I look upon myself to be a member of the Synod of Philadelphia, and
have a continued riglit to sit and act in the same as such, so I look upon the
New Brunswick Presbytery, ar:d those other brethren that adhere to them, and
are therefore shut out of the Synod on that account, to be truly members of this
Synod as myself, or any others whatsoever, and have a just claim to sit and act
with us. I cannot, therefore, at present see my way clear to sit and act as
though we were the Synod of Pliiladcljtlila, while the New Brunswick Presby-
tery, and the other members with tlicm, are kept out of the Synod in the manner
they now arc.
A proposal of agreement and union ])otween us and the brethren of New
Brunswick was sent to those brctlircn by Mr. Aaron Burr, which is as fol-
loweth, viz.
Proposals made to the New Brunswick brethren, in order to their being ad-
mitted to take their places in the Synod, upon a Scripture foundation.
Forasmuch as we are informed that the New Brunswick brethren are willing
and desirous of reconciliation and union with the Synod, and to know on
what terms this may be obtained : That the said brethren may be fully per-
suaded that we have no delight in division for its own sake, but on the con-
trary, are sincerely desirous of union and peace upon just and reasonable terms,
so that upon our cordial agreement there be a foundation laid, that, through
1743.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 169
Grod's blessing, may prevent the havock and destruction of the church threat-
ened by our common enemies. Therefore we propose :
1. That as they desire to be received and treated as members of our Synod
they will submit to the determinations and conclusions of our judicatures, even
in those cases wherein they are negatives in giving their votes, and so allow a
determination to be by the majority, or else no longer plead a right of member-
ship ; and that they renounce their principles delivered in their Apology, espe-
cially that whereby they declare that Presbyteries and Synods have no right to
make any agreements, or come to any determinations by votes that shall bind
any members who do not give their consent to those conclusions or determina-
tions. For without this recantation they can never be members of this Synod,
seeing they put in a claim for arbitrary power to destroy and overturn all our
agreements, and to despise and disregard our censures, as they have already
professedly done, in licensing and ordaining so many men for the work of the
ministry.
2. If they profess they will use all endeavours to secure a learned ministry,
we desire that they testify this by desisting from licensing or ordaining men
for the work of the ministry, who have not complied with the Synod's agree-
ment, or the alternative proposed in the last year's conference with these breth-
ren, and that they give up all those persons that they have heretofore licensed
or ordained in opposition to our public agreement, to be examined and tried by
the Synod whether they have suitable ministerial qualifications, or that they
will not maintain ministerial communion with any of them for the future, who
refuse to be examined by the Synod, or who, upon examination, are found defi-
cient, until they give suitable satisfaction.
3. That for the future they will desist from either acting or preaching, or
sending their missionaries within the bounds of our Presbyteries, or fixed pas-
toral charges as heretofore ; that they will not encourage new separate societies
in congregations as heretofore, nor supply with preaching the societies they have
made or occasioned, among the people under our care, but declare that all such
practices are of pernicious tendency, and inconsistent with the Presbyterian
plan.
4. That they will not publicly nor privately endeavour to diminish the char-
acter of any minister as graceless, unconverted, or unworthy of his office, until
he be tried by a proper judicature and censured; and that they claim no right
to judge of men's spiritual estates towards God, so as to determine whether they
be gracious or graceless, if sound in the faith, and of a gospel life and conversa-
tion, and that they condemn all such practices.
5. That they renounce all such tenets or doctrines that have been advanced
in Mr. Tennent's Nottingham sermon, which are contrary to our Presbyterian
plan and subversive of gospel order, and a floodgate to let in divisions and dis-
orders into the church, such as an allowance to church members to guess at
the spiritual state of their pastors, and upon this guess, without further trial,
to leave them as graceless and unconverted; their asserting an inward call to
the ministry, in opposition and contradiction to the outward call, or ordaining
to the gospel ministry, and all who maintain them can be no members of a
Presbyterian society or church, because they take all government out of the
hands of a Synod or Presbytery, and give it to any person that hath ignorance
and impudence enough to bring God's house into confusion.
6. That they acknowledge that too many of them have been guilty in all
these points, and that notwithstanding whatever zeal and intention to advance
a work of grace they might have been influenced by, yet now they are con-
vinced that these practices have had a dreadful tendency to promote and spread
the divisions and confusions that perplex and disturb this church.
7. We propose that, if they have any ground of complaint against any of
22
170 MINUTES OF THE [1743.
our members, with respect to their doctrine, their conversation, or diligence in
the ministry, that they shall be welcome to table the charge against them in a
proper jiulieatory, whether they comply with these terms or not ; and that,
if they satisfy us in these points, and accept their seats in our Synod, all other
grounds of complaint shall be removed, either by public trial, or such other
method as they and we in conjunction shall determine, and will best promote
the glory of God, and the good of his church. And we declare that if all or
any of these brethren accept these terms, or any other that we and they can
devise or come to, that will lay a foundation to secure these important rights of
societies, a learned and pious ministry, and to prevent errors and divisions, in a
way agreeable to God's word, and the Presbyterian constitution, we are heartily
willing to receive them ; and we desire that they may give us their answer to
these heads as soon as they can conveniently.
These proposals were sent in an extra-judicial way to the Brunswick brethren,
upon reading of which in open Synod, it was agreed that these proposals were
reasonable, in order to open a way toward an accommodation and interview
between these brethren and us. And to these we received an answer by Mr.
William Tennent, junior, which is as followeth :
Upon a paper sent to us from the ministers that protested against us, propos-
ing certain terms of union, this conjunct meeting of the Presbyteries of iS'ew
Brunswick and New Castle does judge that there can be no regular methods of
proceeding towards the compassing a stated union between them and us, until
their illegal pi-otest be withdrawn ; yet so they and we may both stand upon an
equal foot in the regular trial of the differences between us. That their paper
contains sundry misrepresentations and unreasonable demands, and that we have
several charges against them to be satisfied in before we could come into a
settled luiion with them.
Upon reading our nunutes, it was proposed, that as the protestation of the
New York brethren seems to complain of the conduct of this Synod, in the
year 1741, ordered, that the protestation delivered in that year be entered into
our minutes; which protestation is accordingly to be found at the end of the
minutes for this year.
A paper in answer to the New York brethren's protestation, being read in
open Synod, it was unanimously agreed, that it be kept in rcicntis.
Upon a supplication brough by Mr. Alison, desiring that Mr. McDowell be
joined to the I'resbytery of New Castle, in order to answer the repeated suppli-
cations of Elk-lliver and White-Clay Creek, ordered, that he be joined to it, and
that they supply Nottingham for a year.
Messrs. Andrews and Cross did write to the General Assembly in Scotland,
in favour of the back inhabitants of Virginia, as was desired.
Ordered, that the committee for the fund meet to-morrow, at eight o'clock,
and the Synod at ten. Concluded with prayer.
31 day, at ten o\lock, A. 31. according to appointment. Ubi jMst p?'ccTS
sede7'unt qui supra. (Some excepted who were gone home.)
The committee have not brought in the account of the fund ; Ordered, They
settle it now and bring it against the next meeting.
Agreed to remit a bond of Mr. Houston's, dated July 25th, 1740, in favour
of his widow and her family.
A proposal was made to write to the General Assembly of the cliurch of
Scotland, and lay before them the low and melancholy condition of the infant
church, both for want of probationers to supply our numerous vacancies, and
also for want of a suitable encouragement for ministers in new settlemcuts, and
intreat them both to send ministers and probationers to us, and to allow them
£
s.
d.
2
10
0
6
00
0
1
10
0
5
00
0
3
00
0
1744.] SYNOD OF PIIIlADELPIIIA. 171
some small support out of tlieir fund for some years in new places. And that
they be pleased to enable us in some measure, or by some method, to erect a
seminary or school for educating young men for these ends among ourselves.
This was agreed to, and ordered, that Messrs. Cross, Andrews, and Thomson,
write a letter to the Assembly, and let them know our circumstances.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of Philadelphia regard the people of Abing-
ton, and supply there as oft as they can conveniently, if they find that their
case requires it.
Ordered, That Messrs. Alison and McDowell write to some gentlemen in
Virginia, acquainting them with our application to the General Assembly of
Scotland, and begging their interest to further that design.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Cathcart, and the moderator, wait
on the governor, and present the address.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at two o'cloclc, P, M.
Disbursements from the fund allowed per the committee for the year 1743,
as followeth, viz.
To Archibald McMullen for services done,
To the Treasurer, . - . . .
To the Janitor, ....
To Mrs. Glen,
To Mrs. Hook,
The sum total of the fund before any disbursements, as computed by the
committee, 1743, five hundred and seventy pounds, sixteen shillings and seven
pence.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next, at three o'clock, P. M.
and then to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.
1744.
The Synod met at Philadelphia according to appointment.
3Ia>/ 2od, 1744. Vhi j)Ost preces sederunt
Minister of New Castle Presbytery : Mr. Alexander McDowell. Absent —
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Adam Boyd, John Craig,
John Elder. Absent — •
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, Daniel
Elmer, Samuel Evans.
New York Presbytery absent.
Elders : Alexander Montgomery, James Read, Hugh Rippey, William
Wilson, William Johnston, William Gray, Edward Lummis, and James
Abraham.
Mr. Andrews opened the Synod by a sermon on Ezek. iii. 17. Mr. Cowell,
the last year's moderator, being absent.
Many of the members being absent, and expected to be present to-morrow,
it is concluded that the Synod adjourn to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning,
before they enter upon business. Concluded with prayer.
24i'7i day at nine o'clocTc. 3Iet according to appointment. Uhi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
And upon calling the roll the following members present who were absent
yesterday, viz : Messrs. George Gillespie, Robert Cathcart, and Francis
Alison, of the New Castle Presbytery. And that Presbytery reports, that
since our last they have ordained to the work of the ministry Mr. Timothy
Grifiith and Mr. John Steel, they having passed the usual trials and adopted the
172 MINUTES OF THE [1744.
Westminster Confession and Catechisms as the confession of their faith, ac-
cording to order of the Synod in that case provided. They also inform us,
that pursuant to a call drawn up by the people of Snow-Hill, Buckingham,
and the Ferry, in Worcester in Maryland, and with the Presbytery's concur-
rence, sent to the Presbytery of Paisley in North Britain, the llev. Mr. James
Scougal accepted the said call. And having produced sufficient testimonials
of his piety, learning, prudence, soundness in the faith, blameless conversation
and ordination by them, was admitted as a member of the Presbytery of New
Castle. And the Sj-nod admitted these brethren into membership.
Of Doncgall Presbytery, Mr. Black is now present. Absent : Messrs.
Samuel Thomson, Richard Zanchy, Bertrani, Iliudman, and Samuel Caven.
(Mr. Bell was suspended by said Presbytery.)
Present now of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. David Evans and Francis
McHenry.
Elders of the ministers absent yesterday : Messrs. John ]McMichael, William
McCulloch, Thomas James, David Patterson, Samuel Hart, James Kerr.
Mr. McHenry chosen moderator, and Mr. McDowell clerk.
We find that upon reading the last year's roll, Mr. Robert Jamison is re-
moved by death since our last, as also Mr. Hugh Stevenson.
Mr. Samuel Pumry's absence now excused, on account of bodily indisposi-
tion.
Mr. David Evans gave reasons for his last year's absence, which were sus-
tained.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Nutman, John
Thomson, Boyd, Black, Samuel Evans, Cathcart, Alison, Gillespie, and the
moderator, be the committee for the fund and the commission of the Synod for
the ensuing year. And ]\Iessrs. William Gray, Samuel Hart, William McCul-
loch, William Wilson, elders, be joined with them in the affair of the fund j
and that every minister endeavour to have an elder with him if the Synod's
commission have occasion to meet ; and that five ministers and the moderator
be a quorum of the commission.
Ordered, That Messrs. JJoyd and Griffith revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia ; and Messrs. Alison and Cathcart the Presbytery book of Done-
gall, and that these books be delivered the next sederunt.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of New Castle, not having their book now,
do put it in order and bring it to be revised by the Sj^nod the next year.
Inquiry being made who had brought money to the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Andrews, Cross, McHenry, and Craig, had brought some.
Upon reading our last year's minutes, we find an overture presented by the
Presbytery of New York, and that remarks upon it were read in Synod, but
these remarks not being entered in the Synod book, it is now ordered, that they
be inserted here in this place. They are as follows :
Some short hints by way of remark on an overture designed to 1)C laid before
the Synod of I'hiladelphia by the brethren of the l^resbj'tery of New York, sub-
mitted by the said brethren to the consideration of the other members of the
Synod in a private extra-jiulicial v;\iy.
On the introduction remark : How far the following particulars of the over-
ture are conducive to the good end proposed, will be best known by a partieular
consideration of them.
On article first remark : Notwithstanding of what is alleged by our breth-
ren, we are still of the mind that the exclusion of the New Brunswick
brethren by the protestation mentioned, is sufficiently justified by the reasons
specified in the said protestation ; which reasons are further strengthened by
the conduct of the said brethren ever since. And were it needful to produce
them, there are not wanting precedents of this method of procedure in Pres-
1744.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 173
byterian churclies, yea and in civil judicatures; and therefore we think it
altogether inconsistent with duty and a good conscience, to withdraw said
protest or recede from it. And further, it is our judgment, that the only
sensible expedient in order to reunion, in the present circumstances is, that
the Now Brunswick, &c. would let us know under their hand, how far they
will or can comply, to give the Synod satisfaction for the offences complained
of, by acknowledging their past misconduct, and by giving satisfactory security
against the fears of the like offences for the future.
On the second article remark : If the Brunswick brethren would once give
such satisfaction to the Synod for their past conduct, in opposition to our act
of Synod, relating to the examination of candidates for the ministry, it seems
not unlikely that we might agree either in the amendment thereof, or in insti-
tuting an equivalent for the future. But if no reparation be made for the
damages done by their past conduct in opposition to said act, we think it vain
to talk of substituting an equivalent for the future. And, therefore, we also
would desire to know from these brethren under their hands, what satisfaction
they are willing to give the Synod on this head.
On article the third : Our judgment in respect of being obliged to open our
pulpits to itinerants, and to invite them to preach in them, sub j^oena of being
esteemed unbrotherly, and promoters of division and separation, is so fiir differ-
ent and opposite to our New York brethren's judgment, that we verily be-
lieve, that such a constitution or order as our brethren talk of, is of most visi-
ble and obvious tendency to promote division and separation, and every thing
that is unbrotherly and uncharitable. Neither is it enough that there are no
endeavours to set up separate meetings in our congregations, but also that all
these already set up, be obliged to return to their pastors and congregations,
or else be deemed and dealt with as disorderly. And that the New Bruns-
wick brethren, &c. shall take such methods as the Synod shall prescribe, to
persuade those whom they have influenced to separate, to return again to their
respective folds and pastors. In fact we think the proposal has a visible,
plain, and native tendency to advance the mischief it pretends to prevent, and
to prevent and destroy the good it pretends to advance. We think that to
give any minister a right to preach in any brother's pulpit contrary to his
inclination, without presbyterial order for that purpose, is the direct way to
breed and foment divisions, and quench brotherly love among ministers.
Where love and esteem actually subsist there is no need for such right to be
pleaded by the itinerant; and when jealousy, and want of love and esteem do
prevail, such an order would undoubtedly increase them. Besides, we think
that itinerant preaching, properly so called, (i. e. when preaching is the prin-
cipal_ end for travel,) except by express order of Presbytery, hath no founda-
tion in the word of God. Even Paul and Barnabas had a particular order for
their travelling among the Gentiles. And therefore we propose that it still be
left as it always hath been, to the discretionary agreement of the ministers
concerned, when one minister shall preach in another's pulpit, and that no
minister be allowed to travel abroad to preach, i. e. for preaching's sake, with-
out an actual or virtual order from his respective Presbytery, together with the
concurrence of the Presbytery where he preaches.
On article fourth remark : This article is for substance the same with what
hath been in force and practice in all well regulated Presbyterian churches ;
saving that the order of process is inverted or perverted, inasmuch as it puts
it in the accuser or prosecutor, to bring things per saltum^ before a superior
jurisdiction. It is therefore our judgment, that according to the natural order
of things, and the known practice of all Presbyterian churches in the world,
that every person or case be tried by or before its next or lowest judicature to
which he or it is subject.
174 MINUTES OF THE [1744.
On the fifth remark : Tliis article we approve on supposition, that, union on
a good foundation were obtained; otherwise we think this artich', if in force,
would enjuiii what is not only unreasonable but also impossible in the nature
of the thing, viz : That the Brunswick bretliren and we should be sincere in
treating one another with the same intimate love, kindness, and respect, as if
such differences had never been, while yet we have received no satisfaction
for the past most public and injurious treatment, which we have suffered at
their hands. And to enjoin it, we think would be in the consequence of it,
foolish, wicked, and utterly inconsistent with the principles of rational self-
preservation, and the trust reposed in us by our exalted Lord. Inasmuch as it
would be to put it in the power of those Avho have been tearing our bowels,
and the bowels of Christ's church under our care these years past, to persist
withoiit resistance in the same practice, and to act the same cruelty over again.
While we have not any reasonable scriptural evidence of their re])entance for
past injuries, nor security against the like treatment for the future. Besides
that it is contrary to the general Scripture rules of dealing with scandalous
offenders. Them that sin rebuke before all. Count him, viz : the obstinate
offender as an heathen or publican, and avoid the authors of division as persons
who serve not the Lord Christ but their own bellies.
On article sixth remark : To give into this article would be to approve of
and confirm schism by our Synodical authority. For seeing the reason for
erecting such a new Synod, is because we cannot live in union and concord ;
surely one of the parties at least, must be certainly and really in the fault ;
and for our Synod to approve of a faulty party, separating on the score of con-
tention, is evidently to ratify schism by Synodical authority; besides, this
would infer our consenting to the perpetuating a continual temptation to build
up the interest of our own respective parties or Synods respectively, in oppo-
sition to one another, i. e. in opposition to the opposite Synod, which we our-
selves have erected and approved. Therefore we cannot in conscience com-
ply with it. But if our New York brethren, &c. shall now see cause, con-
trary to our judgment and inclination, to divide themselves from us, and to
erect themselves into a new separate body, as it is not in our power to hinder
them, though we cannot in conscience approve of their so doing, yet we hope,
that by the grace of God, we shall sincerely and conscientiously endeavour to
cherish and cultivate a truly Christian and charitable disposition towards them,
as far as such a contentious separation will allow, and as far as we can attain
unto, in opposition to the remains of the corruption and uncharitablenoss,
which we have reason to acknowledge doth too much and too often prevail in
and over us all. Provided always, that our brethren shall not hereby think
that we will bind ourselves from vindicating our conduct, with respect to this
breach in the most public manner, so that the Reformed churches and impartial
world may have an opportunity to judge in the afiiiir.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. po&t preces sederunt qui svp>ra.
Mr. McDowell's affair referred to further consideration.
The time of meeting of the committee for the fund deferred.
Messrs. Andrews and Cross wrote to the General Assembly of the Church of
Scotland, according to appointment.
The Presbytery of Philadeli»hia report, that they have supplied the people of
Ahington divers times, according to last year's appointment.
Messrs. Alison and McDowell report, that they have writ to some gentlemen
in Virginia, acquainting them of our application to the General Assembly of
Scotland, as appointed last year.
17-14.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 175
Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Cathcart, &c. report, tliat they waited on the
Governor with the address, according to appointment.
Mr. Bell materially appealed from a judgment of suspension laid on him
by the Presbytery of Donegall, and requested the Synod would appoint a
committee to meet at Donegall on that affiiir. And it is ordered, that Messrs.
John Thomson, Robert Cross, Adam Boyd, Samuel Thomson, Hindman,
Gillespie, McDowell, and Griffith, be a committee to meet there the second
Wednesday of June next, at twelve o'clock, to hear and determine that affair,
and that Mr. Bell continue under suspension till the committee meet. And
it is further determined that a copy of this minute be sent to the congregation
of Donegall as soon as possible, and that Mr. Black or Mr. Elder take care
to deliver the said copy, to be communicated to the members, that they prepare
evidences and be ready for a trial of that affair. And it is ordered, that Mr.
Gillespie open the committee with a sermon.
A representation from many people of North Carolina, was laid before the
Synod showing their desolate condition, and requesting the Synod to take
their estate into consideration, and petitioning that we woiild appoint one of
our number to correspond with them. Ordered, That Mr. John Thomson
correspond with them.
Ordered, That Messrs. David Evans, Samuel Evans, and Griffith, write to
Wales, representing the state of our church, and to desire a probationer may
be sent from them to us if they possibly can.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
25th da7/, at ten o'clock. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
New Castle Presbytery desiring Mr. McDowell might be entirely loosed
from Donegall and joined to them ; and Mr. McDowell desiring the advice of
the Synod to determine him in this affair, it was unanimously voted that he
should be joined to New Castle Presbytery, and the congregation of Notting-
ham is continued and wholly joined with New Castle Presbytery.
The affair of the fund deferred.
A letter from Mr. Hutchinson, containing his opinion of the proceedings of
the Synod and New-Brunswick party, and advices to the Synod, was read be-
fore us. And the Synod judges, that so far as his advices appear agreeable to
the word of God, they have walked agreeable to them, and hope they will
endeavour still to make conscience of doing so. Ordered, That Mr. Alison
write to Mr. Hutchinson an answer to his letter.
The minutes of a committee held at the great valley, November 16th, 1743,
by a private agreement between the Presbyteries of Philadelphia, New Castle,
and Donegall, were laid before us, showing that the said committee consid-
ered the necessity of using speedy endeavours to educate youth for supply-
ing our vacancies. But the proper method for this end cannot be so well com-
passed without the Synod ; they refer the further consideration of the affiiir to
that reverend body, but agree that in the mean time a school !be opened for the
education of youth. And the Synod now approve that design, and take the
said school under our care, and agree upon the following plan for carrying on
that design :
1. That there be a school kept open where all persons who please may send
their chilch-en and have them instructed gratis in the languages, philosophy, and
divinity.
2. In order to carry on this design, it is agreed that every congregation
under our care, be applied to for yearly contributions, more or less, as they can
afford, and as God may incline them to contribute, until Providence open a door
for our supporting the school some other way.
3. That if any thing can be spared besides what may support a master
176 MIXUTES OF THE [1744
and tutor, that it be employed by the trustees for buying books and other
necessaries for said school, and for the benefit of it, as the trustees shall
see proper. And Mr. Alison is chosen master of said school, and has the
privilege of choosing an usher under him to assist him; and the said Mr.
Alison is exempted from all public business, save only attending church
judicatures, and what concerns his particular pastoral charge. And the
Synod agree to allow Mr. Alison twenty pounds per annum, and the usher
fifteen pounds.
The further consideration of this afi"air deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d' clock, P. M. Post jnrces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund deferred.
The aftair of the school resumed.
4. Agreed that Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Cross, and Evans, junior, of
Philadelphia Presbytery ; and John Thomson, Black, and Boyd, of Donegall ;
and Gillespie and Griffith, Cathcart, and Steel, and McDowell, of New Cas-
tle Presbytery, be appointed trustees for the management of the affairs of the
said school, for this year ; and as many more as can conveniently, may meet
with them. And it 's ordered, that said trustees meet on the third Wednesday
of September next, and that any five of them be a quorum, and that they ap-
point three of their number to meet at three other times in the year at said
school. These trustees are to inspect into the master's diligence in, and me-
thod of, teaching ; consider and direct what authors are chiefly to be read in
the several branches of learning; to examine the scholars from time to time,
as to their proficiency, and apply the money procured from our people as or-
dered above, and to what other uses they find proper ; and in sum, to order all
affairs relating to said school as they see expedient, and be accountable to the
Synod, making report of their proceedings and the state of the school yearly.
And ordered, that Messrs. Thomson, Griffith, and Steel, and McDowell, be
the four that shall meet first at said school, and that on the last Tuesday of
June next.
The llev. Mr. Dorsius, pastor of the Eeformed Dutch Church in Bucks
county, laid a letter before us from the deputies of North and Soutli Holland,
wherein they desire of the Synod an account of the state of the High and
Low Dutch churches in this province, and also of the churches belonging to
the Presbyterian Synod of Philadelphia, and whether the Dutch churches
may be joined in communion with said Synod, or if this may not be, that
they would form themselves into a regular body and government among
themselves. In pursuance of which letter the Synod agree, that letters be
wrote in the name of the Synod, to the deputies of these Synods in Holland,
in Latin, and to the Scotch ministers in llotterdam, giving them an account
of the churches here, and declaring our willingness to join with the Calvinist
Dutch churches here, to assist each other as far as possible in promoting the
common interests of religion among us, and signifying the present great want
of ministers among the High and Low Dutch, with desire that they may help
in educating men for the work of the ministry. And the Synod ordered,
that Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Evans, junior, and the moderator, do write said
letters.
A paper from the New Brunswick party was presented to us by Mr. Blair,
the con^ideration of which is deferred till to-morrow moruing.
Adjourned till to-morrow moruing at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer,
1745.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 177
IQth day, at nine o'doch, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund deferred.
The Synod took under consideration the paper sent to us yesterday by Mr.
Blair, from the New Brunswick party, demanding a part of the fund belong-
ing to this Synod may be allowed them. By which demand we find that they
discover no intention to endeavours for peace, and to heal the lamentable
divisions that prevail in our disti-essed church. And as we look on that party,
made up partly of those who have by their conduct forfeited their right to
membership among us, and of consequence to all the privileges thereof, and
partly of those who never belonged to our Synod, and of consequence have no
more right to any privileges whatsoever appertaining to the Synod, than any
other whatsoever who will pretend thereunto without any colour of reason or
equity; and therefore, on the whole, we judge their demand herein to be
highly unreasonable and unjust, and not to be complied with. Approved,
nemine contradkente.
Ordered, That a copy of the above minute be signed by the moderator, and
sent to Mr. Gilbert Tennent, moderator of the New Brunswick party; which
accordingly was done by the janitor.
Ordered, That every minister recommend it to their respective congregations,
to contribute yearly toward defraying the expenses of their respective elders in
attending on the Synod.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet here at three o'clock this
afternoon.
Adjourned till the fourth "Wednesday of May next, at three o'clock, post
meridiem. Concluded with prayer.
1745.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment,
Hay 22c?, 1745. JJhi post preces sederunt
Of New York Presbytery, ministers : Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, and
Pemberton. Absent : Messrs Nutman, Burr, Hubbell, Leonard, Azariah
Horton, and Simon Horton.
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Andrews, Cross, David Evans, Elmer,
McHenry, Cowell, Samuel Evans. Absent : Mr. Guild.
Of Donegall Presbytery, ministers : Messrs. Boyd, Thomson, Zanchy.
Absent : Messrs. Bertram, Black, Elder, Samuel Thomson, Caven, Hindman,
Craig.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Gillespie, Cathcart, Alison, McDowell,
Scougal, Griffith, Steel.
Elders : William Gray, Thomas Harris, William Ramsey, John Parry,
William Ewen, William Wallace, William Nill, Robert Mackey, William
Lindsay, Samuel James, James Donnal, Nathaniel Hazard, Brice Innis.
Our Rev. Brethi-en, Mr. Pumry, of Newtown, and Mr. Wilmot, of Jamaica,
on Long Island, are deceased since our last.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on Prov. xi. 30, by Mr. McHenry, last
year's moderator.
Mr. Robert Cathcart chosen moderator, and Mr. McDowell clerk.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock.
Concluded with prayer.
23
178 MINUTES OF THE [1745.
23(7 daij. At nine o'clock the Si/nod met, and j^ost preces sederunt qui
svpra.
3Ir. CowcU's and Mr. Zanchy's absence last year excused, for reasons given.
Ordered, That Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, Peniberton, Andrews, Black,
Zanchy, Cross, McIIenry, Gillespie, Alison, McDowell, and the moderator,
be the committee for the fund, and the commission of the Synod for the year
ensuing; and that William Gray, Robert McKnight, William Ewcn, and
Nathaniel Hazard, elders, be joined with them, and that each member always
endeavour to have an elder with him in case the commission of the Synod have
occasion to meet, and that any five ministers, with the moderator, be a quorum
of the commission.
Ordered, That Mr. Steel and Mr. Zanchy revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia, and that it be given them the next sederunt for that end.
New York, Donegall, and New Castle books being not here now, Ordere<l,
That each of these Presbyteries put their books in order and bring them to be
revised the next year.
Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, and Pemberton, in the name of the New York
Presbytery, and by a commission from them, desire that the Synod appoint a
committee to confer with them to try whether an overture can be prepared, re-
moving any grounds of dissatisfaction or difference between them and the Synod.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Alison, Thomson, Boyd, (iillespie,
!MeDowclI, Samuel Evans, and the moderator, meet with them as a committee for
that purpose, at three o'clock, and as many other members as please may attend.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Andrews and Samuel Evans had brought some. And it was recom-
mended to the other members that had brought none, carefully to observe the
order in that case made for the future.
The committee appointed by the Synod to hear and determine Mr. Bell's
affair, met according to appointment; and the i-eading of their minutes is
deferred till next sederunt.
The order that Messrs. David Evans, Samuel Evans, and Griffith, write to
Wales, not being yet fulfilled, is continued.
Upon reading the minutes relating to the school, it's ordered, that such as
have raised no collections for the school as yet, should immediately apply to
their congregations for contributions ; and that all the members do so again
between this and our next, and that such as supply in vacant congregations
endeavour to obtain collections from them also, for supporting the school, and
that each Presbytery see that those they appoint to supply vacancies do so.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, McHcnry, Samuel Evans, Boyd, Black, Griffith,
and Steel, bo a committee and trustees for the school, and meet at said school
the second Tuesday of October and >Iarch.
The letters were wrote to Holland according to appointment.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Uh da)/, at nine d'cloch, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The minutes of the committee appointed to hear and try Mr. Bell's affair
■were read, and the committee's conduct in that aft'air approved, in deposing
him from the ministerial office upon the grounds contained in these minutes
following.*
* The Editor has omitted the minutes of this committee, as they embrace a large body
of testimony in Mr. Bell's trial, •which, properly speakinn;, constitutes no part of the
minutes. It lias always been usual to exclude such matters from synodical records, and
even iu case of trial before Presbyteries the testimony is usually kept on file.
1745.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 179
The committee appointed to confer with the New York brethren not having
got an overture prepared to bring in to the Synod, the whole Synod was resolved
into a committee to consider that aifair.
After much consultation had in this affair, they appoint again that Messrs.
Thomson, Alison, Griffith, Steel, and McDowell, be a committee to prepare a
plan for union, against our next sederunt : any three of them to be a quorum
to do this.
Adjourned till five o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
The Synod, after waiting long for the committee appointed at our last to
prepare a plan, understanding that they have not prepared said plan, do adjourn
till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
25<7i day. At nine d cloch^ A. M. Post preces sederunt qid supra.
The committee appointed to draw a plan, &c., being inquired at, answer that
they have drawn a plan to be now laid before the Synod. Previous to reading
it, some inquired at their New York brethren, whom of the New Brunswick
brethren they alleged to be members, whether all that are now of that party,
or only such of them as enjoyed membership before, and they declared they
account only such as have been members and had their seats, to be now mem-
bers, and no others.
The overture drawn up by the committee was read twice, and the vote put,
whether it was a proper plan for accommodation to be now proposed, and it was
voted proper to propose it, and it is as follows :
I. The glory of (iod and the advancement of Christ's kingdom, by the per-
suading souls to embrace the Lord Jesus on gospel terms, and by preserving
peace, truth, and good order in the churches, ought to be the grand design of
all Christians, and of the ministers of the gospel in particular. But to our
great concern and sorrow, the disorderly intrusions into the pastoral charges of
ministers, and surmises that were raised to blacken their characters as carnal
and unconverted ; the bold violation of our synodical acts and regulations, and
the new method of itinerant preaching where there is a stated gospel ministry,
hath, in a great measure, marred this noble design, by rending the churches
of Christ, and filling the minds of people with uncharitable opinions of one
another.
To check these evils prevailing by means of some claiming to themselves a
privilege, under pretence of extraordinaries, to trample under foot the rights of
mankind, to destroy all pastoral relation, and to lay aside, at least for a season,
that form of government and discipline that was practised and used in our
Presbyterian churches, a number of the Synod of Philadelphia protested against
such illegal, disorderly practices in the year 1741. And being wearied with
fruitless attempts to redress these delusive, unscriptural methods of proceeding,
determined to withdraw from Synodical communion, unless such as were guilty
of such practices gave proper satisfaction according to gospel rules. The ma-
jority of the Synod then present, made this protest their act, and declared that
those brethren should either give such satisfaction or withdraw from member-
ship, upon which they chose to withdraw.
This method of procedure was complained of next year, as contrary to the
method of proceeding in our churches, by some members that were absent when
this separation was made. Upon which it was proposed that the whole affair
should be reviewed by the Synod then met, and if any thing was found illegal,
it should be redressed. But these brethren could find clearness to do nothing,
till these disorderly brethren who withdrew, should again be allowed to take
their seats as members, which the majority of the Synod could not comply
180 MIXUTES OF THE [1745
with. Upon which thoy entered a declaration against the method of proceed-
ing the year before. At our next Synod meeting, they proposed methods to
heal the breach between those brethren who withdrew and the Synod ; which
occasioned the Synod to send them proposals of peace, which they rejected,
and still continued their divisive practices of counteracting the Synod's regula-
tions, and crumbling of congregations to pieces, erecting altar against altar, to
the great scandal of religion and ruin of vital piety. Those brethren from the
I'resbytery of New York, who were dissatisfied at the method by which that
party stand excluded, having on this occasion laboured to have their own
scruples removed, and at the same time to have peace and unity restored among
all that ever were members of the Synod ; all the Synod now met, heartily
concur with them in this noble undertaking, if it can be obtained in such a
method as may and will maintain sound doctrine, and preserve the peace and
good order of the church.
In order to accomplish this, these brethren proposed it as an expedient to
remove their scruples and heal all our divisions, that every person that is or
has been a member, shall now voluntarily subscribe the essential agreements
on which our Synod formerly was established, and which are the general
approved agreements of our churches. And as we think that a subscription
of these articles will be a renouncing disorder and divisive practice, and will,
when obtained, lay a foundation for maintaining peace, truth, and good order,
which was what was desired in the protest, by which the Brunswick brethren
stand excluded; we, therefore, in compliance with the request of these breth-
ren, and in order to remove all scruples, propose that all that are now or
ever have been members of this Synod, shall subscribe the following funda-
mental articles and agreements as their acts, and all who will do so shall be
members of this Synod.
II. That in all prudential acts for the regular management of the affairs of
the church of God among us, every member shall either actively concur or
peaceably submit to, and not counteract such things as are determined by the
majority, as being founded upon God's word; or if any do declare they have
not freedom of conscience to comply, they shall withdraw and no more be
acknowledged as members of this Synod, unless they afterwards find clearness
and so return and comply.
III. That if any member suppose he has reason of complaint against any of
his brethren for unsound doctrine, or irregularities of life, or unfaithfulness in
his pastoral office, he shall proceed in a Christian way according to the rules
of God's word, and our known methods of discipline, and shall not in public
or private spread his surmises, offences, or scandals, without proceeding as
aforesaid ; or else be accounted guilty of unchristian conduct, and liable to
censure. Accordingly we look upon such practices to be contrary to the gospel,
and of pernicious tendency to the church of Christ.
lY. That no member of this Synod shall preach in the congregation of
another brother without judicial appointment, or being invited by his brother
to preach for him. And whoever acts contrary shall be deemed guilty of un-
brotherly treatment and divisive practice, and be censured accordingly ; and
the same way, no Presbytery shall invade the charge and rights of other
Presbyteries. And all erections within the bounds of regulated congregations,
that have been or shall be set up by such itinerant preaching and divisive prac-
tices, shall be deemed contrary to the peace and good order of this church, and
consequently shall not be maintained or supported by any member belonging
to us.
V. We agree, that none who have not heretofore enjoyed membership in this
Synod, shall be admitted thereto without submitting to the manner of admis-
sion determined by our former acts j and such as may and shall be provided in
1745.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 181
that case, and complying with these general articles now agreed upon. And all
such as upon proper trial shall be duly qualified with respect to learning, sound-
ness in the faith, and a gospel conversation, shall, upon agreeing to these arti-
cles, and submitting to our method of church government, be cordially admitted
to Synodicul communion.
VI. We agree that each member of this Synod shall keep a day of public
and solemn fasting, and thereupon confess and bewail the prevailing evils of
infidelity, profaneness, the uutenderness and barrenness of professors, and the
decay of religion in general ; and particularly the debates, divisive practices,
uncharitable censures, and unbrotherly treatment that have torn and divided the
church of Christ in these parts, to the dishonour of God, the hurt of practical
piety, the offence and scandal of the weak, and the hardening the wicked, and
the opening the mouths of the profane ; and deprecate the divine displeasure,
and implore the blessing of Grod upon this and all other proper means for the
advancement of true and uudefiled religion, and the maintaining and propagating
the great truths of the gospel, and the peace, tinity, and increase of this infant
church.
The brethren of New York Presbytery immediately answered, they would not
accept this plan, nor be united with us upon it; and therefore as being commis-
sioned by New York Presbytery to transact in this affair, they desire that a copy
of this overture may be given them to carry to their Presbytery.
Propose to the Synod that it should be mutually agreed, that they be allowed
with the consent of this body, to erect another Synod, under the name of the
Synod of New York. This they desire to do with the consent of this body,
that they may not be thought to set up and act in opposition to this, and that
there may be a foundation for the two Synods to consult and act in mutual con-
cert with one another hereafter, and maintain love and brotherly kindness with
each other.
The Synod appoint Messrs. Thomson, Alison, Griffith, and McDowell, to pre-
pare an answer to this proposal, and bring it in to the Synod the next sederunt.
Adjourned till Monday morning at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
27th dai/, ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to draw up an answer to the proposal of the New
York brethren, brought in one accordingly, which was considered, and after
much discourse upon it, was approven as it here follows : The unhappy divisions
which have subsisted among us for some years, cannot but deeply affect all that
wish the welfare of Zion ; and it particularly affects us, that some of our
brethren of New York do not at present see their way clear to continue in Synodi-
cal communion with us. And though we judge they have no just ground to
withdraw from us, yet seeing they propose to erect themselves into a Synod at
New York, and now desire to do this in the most friendly manner possible, we
declare, if they or any of them do so, we shall endeavour to maintain charitable
and Christian affections toward them, and show the same upon all occasions by
such correspondence and fellowship, as we shall think duty, and consistent with
a good conscience.
Adjourned till two o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At two d'cloch, P. M. post preces sede7-v.nt qui supra.
A letter from a gentleman in Virginia, with a printed charge given by the
governor of that colony to the grand jury, was laid before the Synod; by which
it appears that the government of that colony is highly provoked by the conduct
of some of the new party who have preached there, and therefore the Synod
182 MINUTES OF THE [1745.
judge it necessary to send an address to that governor, informing him of the
distinction between this Synod and that separated party, that so their conduct
may not be imputed to us, nor provoke that government to deny us the liberties
and favours we have enjoyed under it: Therefore, the Synod appoints Messrs.
Cross, Thomson, Alison, and Griffith, to be a committee to draw up said address
against the next sederunt.*
• * We have procured a copy of the charge above alhuled to, from the American Weekly
Mercury, published in Philadelphia, August, 1745, and placed in the Philadelphia Libra-
ry, which we subjoin fur the gratiticatinn of the reader. — EniToii.
"The charge of the Honourable William Gooch, Esq., Lieutenant Governor and com-
mander in chief of the colony and dominion of Virginia, delivered to the gentlemen of
the grand jury, at the capital in Williamsburg, on Thursday the 18th of April, 174.").
" Without taking any notice of the ordinary matters and things j-ou are called to
attend, and sworn to make inquisition for, I must, on this occasion, turn to your thoughts
and recommend to your present service, another subject of great importance, which, I
thank God, has been unusual, but I hope will be most effectual ; 1 mean the information
I have received of certain false tfacher.f that are lately crept into this government ;
who, without orders or licenses, or producing any testimonial of their education or sect,
professing themselves ministers under the pretended influence of new light, eitraordinanj
impulse, and such like fanatical and enthusiastical knowledge, lead the innocent and igno-
rant people into all kinds of delusion ; and in this frantic and profane disguise, though
such is their heterodoxy, that they treat all other modes of worship with the utmost
scorn and contempt, yet, as if they had bound themselves by an oath to do many things
against the religion of the blessed .Jesus, that pillar and stay of the truth, our reformed
church, to the great dishonour of Almighty God, and the discomfort of serious Chris-
tians, they endeavour to make their followers believe that salvation is not to be obtained
iu her communion.
" As this denunciation, and, if I am righth' advised, in* words not decent to repeat,
has been by one of them publicly affirmed, and shows what manner of spirit they all of
them are of, in a country hitherto remarkable for uniformity in worship, and where the
saving truths of the gospel are so constantly inculcated ; I did promise myself, that
either their preaching would be in vain, or that an iusolence so criminal should not long
be connived at.
"And therefore, gentlemen, since these workers of a deceitful work, blaspheming our
sacraments, and reviling our excellent liturgy, are said to draw disciples after them, and
we know not whereunto this separation may grow, but may easily' foretell into what a
distracted condition, by longer forbearance, this colony will be reduced ; we are called
upon by the rights of society, and what I am persuaded will be with j'ou at least as
prevailing an inducement, by the principles of Christianity, to put an immediate stop to
the devices and intrigues of these associated schismatics ; who having, no doubt, assumed
to themselves the apostasy of our weak brethren, we may be assured there is not au}'-
thing so absurd but what they will assert, nor any doctrines or precepts so sacred but
what they will pervert and accommodate to their favourite theme, railing against our
religious establishment, for which in any other country, the British dominions only ex-
cepted, they would be very severely handled.
" However, not meaning to inflame j'our resentment as we may, without breach of
charity, pronounce, that it is not liherty of conscience, but freedom of speech they so
earnestly prosecute ; and we are very sure they have no manner of pretence to any shel-
ter under the acts of toleration, because, admitting they have had regular ordination,
they are by these acts obliged, nor can they be ignorant of it, not only to take the oaths,
and with the test to subscribe, after a deliberate reading of them, some of the articles of
our religion, before they presume to officiate, but, that in this indulgent grant, though
not expressed, a covenant is intended, whereby they engage to preserve the character of
conscientious men, and not to use their liberty for a cloak of maliciousness.
"So that I say, allowing their ordination, yet, as they have not, by submitting to these
essential points, ([ualiticd themselves to gather a congregation, or, if they had, in speaking
all manner of evil against us. have forfeited the privilege due to such compliance, inso-
much that they are entirely' without excuse, and their religious profession is very justly
suspected to be the result of Jesuitical policy, which also is an iniquity to be punished
by the judges.
* That we worship the devil, and are damned.
1745.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 183
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Thomson, Alison, and Samuel
Evans, be a committee to draw up a declaration against the present disorders
and divisive practices that prevail in the church against the next sederunt.
Ordered, That every minister who has been ordered to let money belonging
to the Synod, and take bonds for it in their own name, shall now give a decla-
ration of trust to the Synod. And agreed, that no member shall hereafter be
allowed to borrow any money from the Synod.
Some^ young men offering themselves to examination according to our acts
in that case, agreed that the whole Synod resolve itself into a committee, and
immediately enter upon said examination at Mr. Cross's house.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2S(h day at ten d clock, A. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The address to the governor of Virginia was brought in and approved, and
is as follows :
To the Honourable William Gooch, Esq. Lieutenant Governor of the colony
of '^ irginia, &c. The humble address, &c. :
May it please your Honour : The favourable acceptance which your Honour
was pleased to give our former address, and the countenance and protection
which those of our persuasion have met with in Virginia, fills us with grati-
tude, and we beg leave on this occasion in all sincerity to express the same.
It very deeply affects us to find, that any who go from these parts, and per-
haps assume the name of Presbyterians, should be guilty " of such practices,
such uncharitable, unchristian expressions, as are taken notice of in your Ho-
nour's charge to the grand jury. And in the mean time it gives us the greatest
pleasure, that we can assure your Honour, these persons never belonged to
our body, but are missionaries sent out by some, who by reason of their divi-
sive and uncharitable doctrines and practices, were in May, 1741, excluded
from our Synod, upon which they erected themselves into a separate society,
and have industriously sent abroad persons whom we judge ill qualified for
the character they assume, to divide and trouble the churches. And, there-
fore, we humbly pray, that while those who belong to us and produce proper
testimonials, behave themselves suitably, they may still enjoy the favour of
your Honour's countenance and protection. And praying for the divine bless-
ing on your person and government^ we beg leave to subscribe ourselves,
May it please your Honour,
Your Honour's most obliged,
most obedient, and most humble servant.
Signed in the name and per order of the Synod,
Robert Cathcart, Moderator.
3Iay 28, 1745.
"I must, as in duty bound to God and naan, charge you in the most solemn manner,
to make strict inquiry after these seducers ; and if they or any of them are still in the
government, by presentment or indictment, to report them to the court, that -we, who
are in authority under the Defender of our Faith, and the appointed guardians to our
constitution in church and state, exercising our power in this respect fur the protection
of the people committed to our care, may show our zeal in the maintenance of the true
religion; not as the manner of some is, by violent oppression, but in putting to silence,
by such method as our laws direct, the calumnies and invectives of these bold ac-
cusers, and in dispelling, as we are devoutly disposed, so dreadful and dangerous a com-
bination.
"In short, gentlemen, we should deviate from the pious path we profess to tread in,
and should be unjust to God, to our king, to our country, to ourselves, and to our poste-
rity, not to take cognizance of so great wickedness, whereby the grace of our Lord Jesus
Christ is turned into lasciviousness."
184 MINUTES OF THE [1740.
The committee appointed to draw the declaration, not having prepared it
yet, ordered, that they bring it in against the next sederunt. And the com-
mittee meet on the affair of the fund.
Adjourned to Mr. Andrews's house, at two o'clock, afternoon.
Concluded with prayer.
At two o'clock met at Mr. Andrews's house as appointed.
The committee appointed to meet at Mr. Cross's house yesterday, P. M.
met accordingly, and after due examination of the young men that offered
themselves, in the languages and several parts of philosophy, who wore David
Thom, John Hamilton, and Hector Alison, they were all three approved.
Ordered, That the clerk give them a copy of this minute as a certificate.
Adjourned till the fourth AVednesday of 3Iay next at three o'clock, P. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1746.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, at nine of the clock, A. M.
3Ia?/ 9, 1746. Uli post 2)reces sederunt
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Andrews, Cross, McHenry, Samuel
Evans. Absent: Messrs. David Evans, Elmer, Cowcll, and Guild.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Samuel Thomson, and Black.
Absent : Messrs. John Thomson, Zanchy, Elder, Caven, Craig, and Hind-
man.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Cathcart, Alison, McDowell, Steel, and
Griffith.
Elders : Messrs. William Gray, Samuel Hart, David Griffith, Thomas Hope,
Charles Gillgore, James lleid, William Lindsay, George Curry, John Mont-
gomery, John Dick, Simon James.
Mr. Cathcart opened the Synod yesterday, by a sermon on 1 Tim. iii. 15,
16, the last year's moderator.
Many of the members being absent, the present members agreed not to con-
stitute till nine o'clock this morning, when more members were expected.
Mr. Alison chosen moderator, and Mr. Griffith clerk.
Since our last Mr. William Bertram of Donegall Presbytery, and Mr. James
Scougall of New Castle Presbytery, are deceased.
Mr. David Evans sent the reasons of his absence, which were sustained.
Mr. Samuel Thomson's absence last year excused because of bodily indis-
position.
The Synod finding several of their members absent from year to year, and
particularly some members of the Presbytery of Donegall, cannot look upon
!such conduct otherwise than irregular, and of dangerous consequence, do
therefore order, that every Presbytery acquaint their respective members
thereof; and that the Synod expects some reasons of such absence and better
attendance hereafter.
Ordered, That a copy of the above minute be sent to each Presbytery.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, ]\IcHenry, Samuel Evans, Boyd,
Thninson, Gillespie, Cathcart, McDowell, Griffith, and tlie moderator, be the
commission of the Synod, and committee for the fund, for the ensuing year;
and that William Gray, John JNIontgoniery, Thomas Hope, elders, be joined
with them, and that each member shall endeavour to bring elders with them,
if they have occasion to meet ; and that any five ministers, with the moderator,
shall be a quorum.
1746.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 185
Finding tlie Presbytery books are not brought, Ordered, That they be
brought next year.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Andrews and Cross, McHeury, Cathcart and Alison had brought
some.
Ordered, upon reading the minutes concerning the school, That the order
of last year be continued, and every Presbytery be accountable to the Synod
for their compliance thereunto yearly.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, McHenry, Samuel Evans, Boyd,
Zanchy, Black, McDowell, Steel, Cathcart, and Griffith, be a committee and
trustees for the school for the ensuing year, to meet on the second Tuesday of
October and March.
A letter from the Rev. Mr. Jonathan Dickinson being read before the Synod,
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, McHenry, McDowell, Griffith, and the
moderator, be a committee to prepare an answer to said letter by to-morrow
morning.
Ordered, That the committee of the fund inquire into last year's determina-
tion with respect to the same, and make report to the Synod before this session
be over.
A letter from the Honourable William Gooch, Esq'r. Governor of Virginia,
in answer to our last year's address, was read in Synod, which is as followeth :
Gentlemen : — The address you were pleased to send me as a grateful acknow-
ledgment for the favour which teachers of your persuasion met with in Virginia,
was very acceptable to me, but altogether needless to a person in my station,
because it is what by law they are entitled to.
And in answer to your present address, intended to justify yourselves and
members from being concerned in a late outrage committed against the purity
of our worship, and the sacred appointment of pastors for the service of the
altar of the established church, which some men calling themselves ministers,
were justly accused of in my charge to the grand jury, you must suifer me to
say, that it very nearly aifects me, because it seems to insinuate as if I was so
uncharitable as to suspect men of your education and profession could be guilty
of unchristian expressions that can only tend to the increase of schism and
irreligion, which I give you my word was far from my thoughts.
As the wicked and destructive doctrines and practices of itinerant preachers
ought to be opposed and suppressed by all who have concern for religion, and
just regard to public peace and order in church and state, so your missionaries
producing proper testimonials, complying with the laws, and performing divine
service in some certain place appropriated for that purpose, without disturbing
the quiet and unity of our sacred and civil establishments, may be sure of the
protection of. Reverend Sirs, your most humble servant,
William Gooch.
Williamsburg. June 20th, 1745.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d'doch, P. M. post jyreces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Black, present this afternoon, gave his reasons for his absence last year,
and his late coming this year, which were sustained.
In pursuance of an order of the commission of the Synod, met at Brandy-
wine, August 20th, 1745, Messrs. Andrews and Cross wrote to the Reverend
President and Trustees of Yale College, a letter which is in retentis, and an
answer to said letter is now laid before the Sjmod, and the consideration of the
whole affiiir referred to an interloquitur of the Synod.
24
186 MINUTES OF THE [1746.
Ortlereil, That Messrs. Cross, Alison, Evans, and Griffitb, write an answer to
said letter, and bring it in before the end of the session.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
30/7i cfcty, at ten d clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
An answer to Mr. Dickinson's letter, laid before us by Mr. Andrews, was
braujibt in by the committee, and being read was unanimously approved, and is
as follows :
Reverend and dear Brother : — We had yours laid before us by IMr. Andrews,
and trust we can heartily join in all proper methods to promote the glory of
God, the interest of Christ's kingdom, and welfare of the churches in these
parts, and shall readily join with you in remembering each other at the throne
of grace, and praying for each other's gospel endeavours to advance religion.
We are also pleased that attempts are making by you to prevent divisive
methods. But we would desire you might communicate to us the plan on
which you have erected yourselves, what general agreements you brought the
members under at their admission, and who are members with you. When we
are better acquainted with these things, we can the more readily judge how we
shall be able to answer your desires. We can assure you of our regard and
friendship, and our praying for the Divine blessing on your person and minis-
terial labours. We take leave to subscribe. Reverend Sir, your affectionate
brethren and humble servants. Signed in the name and by the order of the
Synod, by
Francis Alison, Moderator.
The committee appointed to bring in an answer to Mr. Clap's letter brought
it in, and it was ordered that Messrs. Andrews, Gillespie, Cathcart, Boyd,
Black, McDowell, and Steel, be a committee to revise said answer, and make
report in the afternoon.
Ordered, That the Synod finding some difficulties, the Synod resolve into
a committee of the whole house, to consider the affair of the fund, and aU the
papers relating thereto, to be brought in this afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed in the morning to revise the letter, report that
they approve of the substance of it; and the Synod appoint IMessrs. Andrews,
Cross, and the moderator, to be a committee to draw a fair copy of said letter
and bring it to-morrow morning.
The affair of the fund continued till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
31 dai/, at ei(/Jit of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee for the letter not having finished, it's ordered, that we pro-
ceed to the affair of the fund.
The committee for the letter to Mr. Clap brought it in, and it was approved,
and is as follows, viz. :
Philadelphia, May 30///, 1746.
Very Reverend Sir: — We received the favour of yours of the 21st of No-
vember last, and acknowledge our obligation to the President and Fellows of
Yale College for considering our re(iuest and expressing their readiness to pro-
mote the interest of religion and learning among us.
We agree with you that the affair is of great importance, and are willing to
satisfy you to the utmost as to the plan and constitution of our school, and
1746.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 187
the present state of our Synod, under whose care it is. Some years ago our
Synod found the interest of Christ's kingdom likely to sufier in these parts
for want of a college for the education of young men. And our supplies
either from Europe or New England were few in proportion to the numerous
vacancies in our growing settlements. Mr. William Tennent set up a school
among us, where some were educated, and afterwards admitted to the minis-
try without sufficient qualifications as was judged by many of the Synod.
And what made the matter look worse, those that were educated in this pri-
vate way decried the usefulness of some parts of learning that we thought very
necessary. It was therefore agreed to try to erect a college, and apply to our
friends in Britain, and Ireland, and New England, to assist us. We wrote
to the Association of Boston on this head, and had a very favourable answer.
But when we were thus projecting our plan, and appointing commissioners
to Biitain, &c. to promote the thing, the war with Spain was proclaimed,
which put a stop to our proceedings then. The Synod then came to a public
agreement to take all private schools where young men were educated for the
ministry, so far under their care as to appoint a committee of our Synod to
examine all such as had not obtained degrees in the European or New Eng-
land colleges, and give them certificates if they were found qualified, which
was to serve our Presbyteries instead of a college diploma, till better provision
could be made. Mr. Gilbert Tennent cried out that this was to prevent his
father's school for training gracious men for the ministry; and he, and some
of his adherents, protested against it, and counteracted this our public agree-
ment, admitting men to the ministry which we judged unfit for that office,
which course they persisted in though admonished and reproved by us for
such unwarrantable proceedings. While these debates subsisted, Mr. White-
field came into the country, whom they drew into their party to encourage
divisions. And they and he have been the sad instruments of dividing our
churches. And by his interest Mr. Gilbert Tennent grew hardy enough to
tell our Synod he would oppose their design of getting assistance to erect a
college wherever we should make application, and would maintain young men
at his father's school in opposition to us. This, with his and his adherent's
divisive practices, obliged the Synod to exclude him and others of his stamp,
from their communion. In this situation our affairs grew worse ; for our va-
cancies were numerous, and we found it hard in such trouble to engage such gen-
tlemen either from New England or Europe to come among us, as our best
friends in those places could recommend as steadfast in the faith, and men of
parts and education. Upon this the Synod erected a school in the year 1744.
It was agreed that the said school should be opened under the inspection of
the Synod, where the languages, philosophy, and divinity should be taught
gratis, to all that should comply with the regulation of the school, being per-
sons of good character and behaviour. They appointed a master and tutor for
this business, who were to be paid by such contributions as the Synod could
obtain for this purpose ; and agreed, from year to year, to appoint trustees to
meet twice a year to inspect the master's diligence and method of teaching,
to direct what authors are chiefly to be read in the several branches of learn-
ing, to examine the scholars as to their proficiency and good conduct, and ap-
ply the money procured to such uses as they judge proper, and to order all
afiairs relating unto the school. And the trustees are yearly to be accountable
to the Synod, and to make report of their proceedings, and the state of the
school. And it is agreed, that after said scholars pass the course of studies
prescribed them, they shall be publicly examined by the said trustees, and such
ministers as the Synod shall think fit to appoint, and if approved receive tes-
timonials of their approbation, and without such testimonials none of the Pres-
byteries under the care of our Synod shall improve any of our scholars in the
188 MINUTES OF THE [1746.
ministry. From this narrative you sec how narrow our foundation is, and
yet how necessary it was that we should do something of this nature to pre-
vent our being overrun with ignorance and confusion. You see how we have
been straitened by the endeavours of some that belonged to our body, who in
their zeal have spoken diminutively of all the reformed churches, and endea-
voured to pour contempt on colleges and universities. We hope, therefore,
you will enable us to make a stand against those evils, and to be united with
you in this grand design, is one reason of our present application. We can
with pleasure inform you that our poor undertaking has been so blessed by
Providence as to exceed our expectations. Several ministers^ and gentlemen
have helped us to books to begin a library; and we hope that in time we may
obtain assistance from England, Ireland, and elsewhere, to enable us to found
a college, though the troubles of the times hinder our application at present.
We have not obtained a charter as yet, but have reason to hope we may pro-
cure one if there be occasion ; but have another way judged by our best
lawyers a good foundation to secure donations, by appointing trustees and
obliging them to give declarations of trust. We have also, belonging to our
Synod, a considerable fund for public uses, but have no occasion hitherto, to
apply any of it to the use of the school, being otherwise supplied. What
hath been said may satisfy you that our school is under such regulation as
does as nearly correspond with yours as our present circumstances will ad-
mit ; but we shall readily make any amendments that you desire if it be in
our power. We are obliged to admit boys to read grammar, but are deter-
mined to recommend none but such as have made a good proficiency in the
languages, and are in some measure acquainted with the usual course of study
in the arts and sciences now used in the Britisli colleges, though we freely ac-
knowledge our vast disadvantages, especially in natural philosophy, and will
cheerfully agree, as far as our circumstances will permit, that the same, or
generally the same, authors, on the arts and sciences be taught in our school
as are used by you ; and would gladly be favoured with a particular account
of them. The time of stay with you which you mention, and the expenses,
we think reasonable; yet, as learning is not in the same esteem in this govern-
ment as in New England, we beg all the indulgence your constitution can
allow us, lest parents grudge expenses if they run high. We heartily agree
that our scholars be examined by the President and Fellows, and be treated
only according to their proficiency; that they be obliged to bring recommen-
dations from our Synod, or trustees of the school, and shall claim no prece-
dency in your classes,' nor the privilege of freshmen, but what are consistent
with the good order of your college. Nor do we plead any such privilege
for any but the inhabitants of Pennsylvania, or the parts that are as far dis-
tant from New Haven, and are educated under our care, and have synodical
recommendations. We further assure you, that improving in the ministry
such scholars as you expelled, has been as oft'ensive to us as to you. And
those which joined with the Tennents and their party in this aflTair, as we un-
derstand, have withdrawn from our synodical communion, and joined with
them entirely under the denomination of the Synod of New York. As to the
Synod's constitution, we are unanimously agreed in the same plan in every
respect on which we constituted, and continued in our most flourishing cir-
cumstances; so we are, to a man, dissatisfied with the late divisive practices,
and would soon, we hope, be in a flourishing state again had we ministers to
supply our vacancies. We excluded from synodical communion, as we re-
marked already, the four Tennents, Blair, Craighead, (who is since turned a
rigid Covenanter, or Cameronian,) Treat, and 31 r. Wales. These, especially
the Tennents, Blair, and Treat, being the ringleaders of our divisions, and
the destroyers of good learning and gospel order among us ; and they, with
1746.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 189
a few others that joined with them, erected themselves into a separate body,
and licensed and ordained men for the work of the ministry that were gene-
rally ignorant, and warm in the divisive scheme, and they have troubled Vir-
ginia, and the New English government, and as we are informed, pretend that
they belong to our body. But we can assure you, that Mr. Gilbert Tennent,
and his adherents, were disowned as members, and excluded communion, be-
fore his famous tour through the churches of New England. Some of our
brethren of New York Presbytery, whom we esteem and regard, particularly
Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, and Pemberton, have always as freely, till lately,
blamed those practices as any of us; but now, through some unhappy bias,
are become warm advocates for them, and blaming our method of excluding
them, have for two or three years past laboured to procure them seats among
us, withovit acknowledging their faults in dividing our churches, and promis-
ing amendment before we receive them again. And we believe that their par-
tiality for these men might occasion them to join in encouraging some of your
disorderly scholars, which we are far from vindicating. ^Yhen these gentle-
men could not succeed in their attempt to bring in those itinerants without
acknowledging their faults, as we said, they withdrew from the Synod, de-
claring that they had no other ground to do so but our excluding those mem-
bers in a way they disliked ; and last September they erected themselves into
a Synod, which goes under the name of the Synod of New Y'^ork. And we
have now before us a letter desiring correspondence with them, by receiving
two or three of their members to sit with us yearly, and sending as many to
them. They also propose that we should every third year meet in some con-
venient place, by delegates, to order public affairs for the glory of God, and
good of the church. The proposals seem fair, but till these dividers of our
churches, and who chiefly make up that body, declare against the late divisive,
uncharitable practices ; till they show us in what way they intend to have their
youth educated for the ministry, and be as ready to discourage all such me-
thods of bringing all good learning into contempt as the shepherd's tent, we
shall be shy to comply with their proposals. Thus, sir, we have given you
a just account both of the Synod and school at present, by which you may
understand the difficulties we labour iinder ; and we doubt not but your sin-
cere desire to promote the interest of religion and learning among us will in-
cline you to do all in your power for our help and encouragement. Y'ou will
be pleased to communicate this to the corporation, and if they think fit
to take any notice of it, we will depend on them to favour us with an an-
swer. We heartily wish the Divine blessing on your labours in the min-
istry, and in training up youth for that sacred work, and pray that your
college may flourish and become more and more a blessing, not only to New
England, but the neighbouring colonies, and we beg leave to assure you
that to maintain a Christian, friendly correspondence with you will be a
great pleasure to, very Reverend Sir, your affectionate brethren and humble
servants.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of New Castle inquire before our next to
whom the Synod shall pay what remains of the money promised to Wilming-
ton, and give the person to whom they judge it due, an order on the Synod
for it.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews and Cross write to all persons indebted to
the fund to pay their respective sums, or renew their bonds for the same, be-
fore our next.
Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next, at three o'clock, after-
noon. Concluded with prayer.
190 MINUTES OF THE [1747.
1747.
The Synod of Philadelphia met, according to appointment,
May the 27 fh, 1747. Lhi post 2'>rcces sederunt
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, and Richard Zanchy.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cathcart, Francis Alison, Alexander
McDowell, Timothy Griffith, and John Steel.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cross, David Cowell, Francis
McHenry, Samuel Evans.
Absent from Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Samuel Black,
John Elder, Samuel Thomson, John Craig, and Samuel Cavan.
Absent from New Castle Presbytery : Mr. George Gillespie.
Absent from Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. David Evans, Daniel Elmer,
and John Guild.
Since our last were ordained, by Donegall Presbytery, Mr. David Thom ;
and by New Castle, Messrs. John Dick, John Hamilton, and Hector Ali-
son.
Elders : John Henderson, William "Whiteside, John McEven, Jolin Mc-
Michael, William Finney, William Gillespie, Thomas James, John William-
son, Joshua Hill, John Cross, William Ramsey, and Nathaniel Bryan.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Francis Alison, with a sermon from 1 Cor.
iv. 1, 2.
Mr. Alexander McDowell chosen moderator, and Mr. John Dick chosen
clerk.
Mr. Andrews was removed by death since our last.
The Governor being to embark for England the Synod concluded to present
him an address.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
28<7i day, at nine o'clock, A. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of absent members to be considered.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Cowell, Boyd, Zanchy, Thom,
Griffith, Cathcart, Alison, Steel, Dick, and the moderator, be the commission
of the Synod, and committee for the fund for the following year, and that the
following elders, Messrs. John Cross, Thomas James, William Gillespie, be
joined with them for the committee for the fund, and that any six of said com-
mission, and the moderator, shall be a ((uorum.
Ordered, That last year's connnission of the Synod, and committee for the
fund, lay their minutes before us in the afternoon.
Ordered, That Messrs. John Steel, and Hamilton, examine Philadelphia
Presbytery book.
New Castle Presbytery are found remarkably guilty of neglecting to bring
their Presbytery book to the Synod. Ordered, that they bring it to our
next.
Donegall Presbytery not having their book, ordered, that they bring it to
our next.
Inquiry being made who had brought money to the fund, it is found that
there is none brought by any of the members but Messrs. Cross, McHenry,
Alison, Gillespie, and McDowell.
Ordered, That that affair be examined at our next sederunt.
Ordered, That the affair relating to the school be considered at our next
sederunt, and that it be inquired whether the trustees attended according to
appointment.
1747.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 191
The affair of Wilmington decided.
Upon considering the distance of the 'brethren in the back parts of Virginia,
we think it is necessary that we should know the state of that church that is
under our care, though at a distance from us ; and, therefore, it is ordered,
that at least one of these brethren shall every year attend us, that we may
have the pleasure of knowing the state of Christ's kingdom among them, and
that we may keep Synodical communion in reality and not in name only, and
ordered, that Messrs. McHenry and Zanchy write them a letter to acquaint
them with the mind of the Synod in said affair.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Gillespie now present.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia represented to the Synod the destitute
condition of the people of Tredyffryn, by Mr. Samuel Evans' relinquishing
the pastoral charge there, and earnestly desiring that the Synod would appoint
Mr. Timothy Griffith to supply them as much as shall be thought proper.
Ordered, That Mr. Griffith supply that people on Sabbath nest, and one
Sunday every month until our next, unless they be otherwise supplied ; and
that the Presbytery of New Castle excuse him ifrom supplying other vacancies
during that time.
Ordered, That the minutes of the commission be read.
Ordered, That Mr. Alison use all endeavours to recover what is due to the
Synod by the estate of Mr. Anderson.
Upon a supplication from Mrs. Tennent to the Synod, desiring that the
interest of the money due from her husband's estate should be remitted :
the Synod agreed to remit eight pounds on condition the rest be paid on
demand, and without further trouble or delay.
Adjourned till to-morrow at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
29 dai/ at ten o'clock, A. 31. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross and Cathcart wait on the governor with the
Synod's address half an hour after twelve.
The affiir of the fund reassumed.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross use all care to get the bond paid which is due to
the Synod by Moor and Cunningham, and also what is due by Mr. Gelston,
before the next meeting of the Synod.
Ordered, That the committee of the fund take care of what is yet to be done
before the breaking up of the Synod.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross take care of the Synod's books and be treasurer.
The affair of the school reassumed. Ordered, That a committee be ap-
pointed to consider what may be proper for its advantage before our next
sede7-unt, and that Messrs. Boyd, McHenry, Griffith, McDowell, and Alison,
be the committee.
A paper containing some scruples concerning the present method of admin-
istration of the Lord's Supper, being brought iu by Mr. McDowell :
Ordered, That a committee be appointed to consider said paper, and to bring
in an overture upon it, and that Messrs. Gillespie, Zanchy, Steel, Hamilton,
Thom, Nathaniel Bryans, John Henderson, John McEven, John Whiteside,
and William Gillespie, be the committee.
Adjourned till two o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
192 MINUTES OF TUE [1T4S.
At tu-Q o^doclc, P. M. TJhi post precea sederunt qui siqva.
Found tliat Mr. David Cowcll absented without Synodical leave.
The Synod's address to the governor was presented and accepted.
An overture by the committee for the school was brought in and agreed to
as follows :
1. That the Synod endeavour to pay the arrears now due out of the fund.
2. That every Presbytery recommend it to their respective members to be
careful to raise collections among their people for the use of the school, and
inquire at the meetings of the several members' conduct therein, and give an
account thereof to the Synod at our next meeting, and that such as supply
vacancies be industrious to obtain contributions from them, and that such con-
gregations as contribute to the support of the school, shall be that year freed
from contributing to the fund as usual.
A letter from the Rev. Mr. Clap, President of Yale College, and Fellows,
was laid before the Synod, and it was ordered, that Messrs. Cross, Alison,
and the moderator, write an answer.
The committee appointed to consider the paper brought in by Mr. McDow-
ell, returned the following overture :
That we, the committee which was appointed to bring in an overture on
the paper of scruples, concerning the present manner of administering the
Lord's Supper, laid before the Synod ; being satisfied that said scruples are
of such importance as require much deliberation, do therefore humbly offer to
the Synod, that a copy of said scruples be transmitted by Mr. McDowell to
each Presbytery, to be communicated to every particular session, and when
considered both in sessions and Presbyteries, that each Presbytery lay their
judgments before the Synod against our next.
Ordered, That the commission of the Synod be the committee for the
school, to meet the second Wednesdays of October and March, and that five
of them and the moderator be a quorum, as the commission of the Synod,
and that they then examine 3Ir. Israel Ptcid, and give him a certificate if he
bo approved.
Ordered, The Committee of the fund meet to-morrow morning at nine
o'clock, at Mr. Cross's.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next.
Concluded with prayer.
1748.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment.
M(t)/ 25('7i, 1748. Ubi jwst j^rcccs sederunt
Ministers of the Presbytery of Philadelphia : Messrs. llobert Cross, Fran-
cis McIIenry, John Guild. Absent: Messrs. David Evans, David Cowcll,
and Daniel Elmer.
Doncgall 1're.sbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, John Elder, Richard Zanchy,
and David Thom. Absent : Messrs. John Thomson, Samuel Thomson, John
Craig, and Samuel Caven.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Francis Alison, Alexander McDowell,
John Steel, John Hamilton, Hector Alison, Timothy GrilSth, and David
Brown. Absent : Messrs. George Gillespie and Robert Catlicart.
Elders : 3Iessrs. Robert Mathies, John Manillee, Alexander Rogers,
llobert Taylor, William Cunningham, James Snodgrass, John Scot, John
Crosson, John Callwell, Nathaniel Williams, Thomas Jones, Gillbclcher
Parker.
The Synod was opened by a sermon from Psal. cxxxvii. G, by Mr. Alex-
ander McDowell.
1748.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 193
Mr. John Elder chosen moderator, and Mr. Steel clerk.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 26, the Synod met according to adjournvient. Ubi post liveccs sedentnt
qui sitjyra.
Messrs. Gillespie's and Catheart's absence excused.
Messrs. Elder's and Guild's absence excused.
Since our last Mr. John Dick was removed by death.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Guild, Francis Alison, McDowell,
Griffith, Boyd, Zanchy, and Thorn, be the commission and committee for the
fund for the following year, and that the following elders, Messrs. llobert
Mathies, Alexander llogers, John Scot, be joined with them for the committee
for the fund, and that any five of said commission, with the moderator, be a
quorum.
Ordered, Mr. Alison and the moderator examine Philadelphia Presbytery
book.
The Presbytery of New Castle declared that in pursuance to the Synod's
order, have appointed at several times men to prepare their book for the Synod,
but these members found such difficulties that they have not yet said book in
proper order. The Presbytery promises to endeavour that it shall be ready
against our next.
Ordered, 'That Messrs. McHenry and Guild examine Donegall Presbytery
book.
Ordered, That the Presbytery books be brought to our next sederunt.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, it was found that
none brought but Messrs. Robert Cross, McHenry, and Francis Alison.
The affair of the School referred.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of Donegall write to Virginia, to let the
ministers know that we expect one of their members yearly to attend our
Synod, that we may know the state of their churches.
Ordered, That Mr. Timothy Griffith supply Trediffrin once in the two
months, unless they can be otherwise supplied ; and if New Castle Presbytery
can procure supplies for the vacancies, he is appointed to supply them once a
month as formerly, and that he be exempted from any other supplies.
The Synod recommends to Philadelphia Presbytery to allow Trediffrin as
many supplies as they can.
Ordered, That Mr. Alison continue his endeavours to recover what is due to
the Synod by Mr. Anderson's estate.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross take care to recover the debts due to our fund by
Messrs. Gelston and Cunningham.
The affair of the scruples referred.
Adjourned to four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At four o'clock, P. M. Uhi iwst jifeces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, The Presbytery books brought in at our next sederunt.
The affair of the school continued.
The affair of the scruples continued.
In pursuance to a supplication from Virginia, the Synod appoints that one
minister be sent in the fall and another in the spring, to preach in the back
parts of Virginia each eight Sabbaths, and that such members be exempted till
all other members of the Synod do the same, and that said ministers' congre-
gations be supplied during their absence, one half of the time by their respec-
tive Presbytery.
Ordered, That Mr. Richard Zanchy supply eight Sabbaths in the back parts
25
194 MINUTES OF THE [1749.
of Virginia this fall ; and that Mr. Steel supply eight weeks in the spring, and
return before next Synod.
It is also recommended to the Presbytery of Donegall, to send their supplies
to Virginia as often as they can conveniently.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
3Ioi/ 27, nine o^cloch, A. 31. Uhi 2^ost preccs sederunt qui svj^ra.
Mr. David Brown, a minister of the gospel from North Britain, being ad-
mitted a member of the Presbytery of New Castle, touk his place among us.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia have not brought in their book.
The Synod on serious consideration, finding that the salaries appointed for
master and usher of the public school, were not sufficient encouragement, order
that the master be allowed forty pounds, and the usher twenty pounds per
annum, which salaries are to be raised by collections from the several congre-
gations, whether enjoying the stated ordinances or vacant, and by sessing each
scholar twenty shillings per annum, only allowing the committee for said
school to exempt such scholars as they shall think proper; and if these two
methods will not answer the above demands, the remainder is to be paid out
of the yearly interest of the Synod's fund.
The affiiir of the scruples referred.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clocJc, P. M. Zhi j)OSt preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That Messrs. McHenry, Cross, Thorn, Boyd, Griffith, McDowell,
Cathcart, Hector Alison, Hamilton, and Steel, be a committee for the school,
to meet the second Tuesday of October.
In pursuance to an order of the Synod to the several Presbyteries and Ses-
sions thereunto belonging, to consider some scruples concerning the manner
of administering the sacrament of the Lord's Supper amongst us, offi^rcd by a
member to the Synod for his own satisfaction, in order to the being prepared
to give their opinion of them at the next meeting of the Synod ; accordingly
the Synod having heard, and seriously considered, what was offered by the
several Presbytei'ies, and several members finding that the scrupler was not
fully satisfied by what was offered, judge it most expedient to leave said scrupler
to act in that affair as he shall think most for the glory of God and the edifica-
tion of his congregation.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at nine o'clock to-morrow,
or Monday, about that affair, and that they make a return of what they do, at
the next meeting of the Synod, viz. the fourth Wednesday of May next.
Concluded with prayer.
17 49.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment.
3Iay the 'lAth, 1749. Uhi post ptreces sederunt
Ministers of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, Thomson, and
Tate. Absent : Messrs, Zanchy and Caven.
New Castle : Messrs. Cathcart, Alison, Steel, and Griffith. Absent : Messrs.
Gillespie, McDowell, Alison, and Hamilton.
Philadelphia : Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Cowell and Guild. Absent :
Messrs. David Evans and Elmer.
Elders : William Ewing, James Morrison, James Moor, Robert King, An-
drew Boggs, M'illiam Lindsay, George Amie, John Williamson, Thomas James,
and Robert Matthews.
1749.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 195
Mr. Griffith chosen moderator, and Mr. Guild clerk.
The Synod was opened by Mr. John Elder, with a sermon from 1 Cor. iv. 1.
A proposal for peace and an union between the Synod of New York and this
Synod, was brought in by Messrs. John Pierson, Gilbert Tennent, Ebenezer
Pemberton, and Aaron Burr, which was taken into consideration, and the Synod
resolved itself into a committee for this purpose, to meet to-morrow morning,
at nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
May the 25th, at nine o'clock, A. M. Lbi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Adjourned to four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
3Iay 25(h, at four o'clock, P. M. Ulji post preces sederunt qui supra.
The delegates from the Synod of New York, having conferred with us for
some time upon their plan for an union, and having given us some hopes that
our great ground of complaint may be removed, the Synod resolved to leave
the further consideration of this affair to a commission of our Synod, who are
to prepare materials to be laid before both Synods at their next meeting, that
we may come to a final determination, and the Synod orders that a copy of
their plan and confession be laid before every Presbytery, and that every mem-
ber, if possible, be consulted on this head, and that every Presbytery offer what
else they think necessary, in order to answer that valuable end, and give it in
charge to the delegates which are to meet with these brethren.
Ordered, That Mr. Griffith write a letter to Mr. Thomson, in Virginia, on
this head.
Ordered, That Messrs. Boyd, Elder, Thorn, Cross, Cowell, McHenry, Alison,
Cathcart, and the moderator, be a commission to treat with these gentlemen at
Trenton, the first Wednesday of October, and that the clerk inform Mr. Gilbert
Tennent of the time and place appointed.
The afiair of the Great Valley referred.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
3Iay 26, at nine o'clock, A. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui stijyra.
The Presbytery of Donegall report that they have ordained Mr. Joseph Tate
since our last, having adopted the Westminster Confession of Faith, and Cate-
chisms, according to the order of this Synod.
Mr. David Brown returned to Scotland since our last.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Cowell, Guild, Cathcart, Alison,
McDowell, Steel, Boyd, Elder, and Thom, be a commission of the Synod, and
committee for the fund, for the following year, and that Robert Matthews,
George Currie, Thomas James, and William Lindsay, be joined as elders, and
that any five of said number, with the moderator, be a quorum.
Ordered, Messrs. Cross and Boyd to revise New Castle Presbytery book.
Donegall Presbytery book not brought to Synod.
Ordered, That Messrs. Alison and Tate revise the Presbytery book of Phila-
delphia.
Messrs. Cross and Alison brought money to the fund.
The afiair of the school referred.
Ordered, That Mr. Timothy Griffith supply Tredryfrin as often as he can till
our next.
Mr. Francis Alison informs that he has received some part of the debt duo
to our fund by Mr. Anderson's estate, and that his attorney reports that it is
put on a proper footing to recover it to our satisfaction in some years.
196 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
The order to Mr. Cross to recover the sum due to our fund by Mr. Gelston
and Cunningham, is continued.
The order to supply the inhabitants of A^irginia by two missionaries, who
are to be out eight weeks each of them, every year, continued.
Messrs. Zanchy and Steel have supplied them according to our orders.
Ordered, That Mr. Joseph Tate go out eight Sabbaths to Virginia this faW,
and Mr. McHenry as many in the spring, and that their respective Presby-
teries take care to supply tlieir congregations in their absence, the one-half of
the time.
The affair of the fund referred till our next.
Mr. Alison requested that he might be allowed to join with the Presbytery
of Philadelphia, the consideration whereof is deferred till our next sederunt.
Mr. Cross requested supplies for his congregation for some Sabbaths, till it
please God that he recover his health again.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. Uhi j^ost prcces sederunt qui supra.
The aifair of the school taken into consideration, and after a due inquiry
into the state of it, the Synod unanimously came to the following resolu-
tion, viz.
That the Synod will allow Mr. Alison thirty pounds per annum for teach-
ing, and they shall be allowed the privilege to exempt any scholars from pay-
ing, that the trustees of the school judge unable to bear the expenses of edu-
cation, and that he be allowed in all other respects to demand and receive as
much for all others as he thinks fit, or is usual for teaching, and that the com-
mittee appointed last year shall meet the second Wednesday in March, and
visit the school.
The affair of the fund deferred till to-morrow morning.
Mr. Cross desired that his congregation might be supplied by the Synod till
he recovered his health.
Ordered, That Mr. Guild supply the first Sabbath in June, Mr. Cowell the
second, Mr. Alison the third, and Mr. Cathcart the fourth, Mr. Steel the next,
and that Mr. Cross or his congregation be allowed a discretionary power to
invite any other of the brethren till the commission meets in the fall.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer.
1750.
3Iaij 23(7, 1750.
The Synod met according to adjournment, and several members being ex-
pected who are not yet come, the Synod chose to defer entering on business till
to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Maij 24, at nine o'cIocJr, A. M. Ubi post jirecrs sederunt
Donegal! Presbytery : ■Messrs. John Thomson, 33oyd, Elder, Zanchy, Craig,
Caven, and Tate.
Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Cross, Cowell, Guild, McIIenry, and
New Castle Presbytery: iMessrs. Cathcart, Alison, McDowell, Griffith, Steel,
Hamilton, and Hector Alison.
Elders : Thomas Hope, Arthur Foster, William Watson, William Sherron,
John Cross, Robert McKnight, William Neill, William Gillespie, Thomas
James, James Glasgow, Ephraim Wilson, James Mcllvaine, Daniel Ogdeu, and
William Scot.
1750.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. I97
Absent from Donegall Presbytery : Mr. Samuel Thomson and Black. From
Philadelphia : ]Mr. Evans. From New Castle : Mr. Gillespie.
Mr. Steel chosen moderator, and Mr. Tate clerk.
The Synod was opened with a sermon on Piom. xiv. 19, by Mr. Griffith.
Mr. Thom is deceased since our last.
Messrs. Zanchy and Caven's absence excused for reasons. Messrs. Gil-
lespie's, McDowell's, Hamilton's and Alison's reasons for their absence sus-
tained.
The commissioners appointed to treat with the delegates from the Synod
of New York, met with them at Trenton the first Wednesday of October,
and inform us, that after some time spent, they could do nothing further to
procure a union till the meeting of both Synods, by reason of some of the
brethren of the Synod of New York, concerning the explication of their own
plan, which they had offered to this Synod, upon which it was unanimously
agreed, that every member of both Synods should study peace and friendship,
and that the brethren of Y^'ork Synod should communicate whatever other pro-
posal they think necessary for procuring a union to us at the next synodical
meeting, by Mr. Hazard, and that we should send them our answer by the
same gentleman.
We find that Mr. Gilbert Tennent has delivered to Mr. Cross the copy of
a minute of the Synod of New York, at their sessions in Maidenhead, May
the 17th, 1750, which is laid before us, and is as follows :
The consideration of the union being reassumed, according to the conclu-
sion of the commissioners of both Synods, the Synod is sorry that they can-
not proceed to make further proposals at this time, through the absence of last
year's clerk, and by that means the want of the minutes and the copy of the
former plan, but still profess their design to enter upon the affair of the union
at their next sessions, and in the mean time to maintain a spirit of candour and
friendship.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent to the Rev. Mr. Gilbert Ten-
nent, who is hereby appointed to deliver it to the Synod of Philadelphia, at the
beginning of their next session.
A true copy. Test. Thomas Arthur, Clerk.
The Synod having considered the report of the commissioners, and the
minute of the Synod of New York, which was laid before them, are sorry a
thing so much desired by us could not be prosecuted as our brethren of the
Synod of New York intended, but expecting that we shall at their next synodi-
cal meeting, have our expectations answered, by such proposals as shall effec-
tually promote union, shall heartily join with them in the mean time in pur-
suing such measures as shall promote candour and friendship.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be given to the Rev. Mr. Gilbert
Tennent.
The affair of the Great Valley referred.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Cowell, Cathcart, Boyd, Griffith,
Francis Alison, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of
the Synod for the ensuing year, and the committee for the fund, and that any
five be a quorum, if called by the moderator, and that John Cross, Thomas
James and William Neal, be joined as elders in the affair of the fund.
New Castle Presbytery book not here.
Ordered, That the Presbyterial books be brought to our next Synod.
The following brethren brought money for the fund, Messrs. Elder, Craig,
Tate, Cross, Alison, McDowell, Steel, and Hamilton.
The order on Mr. Cross with respect to the sum due by Messrs. Gelston and
Cunningham, continued.
Messrs. McHenry and Tate fulfilled their appointments in Virginia.
198 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
Ordered, That Mr. Griffith supply the back inhabitants in Virginia, eight
Sabbaths this fall, and that Mr. Samuel Thomson supply them eight Sabbaths
in the spring, and as much more as he can.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Uhi jwst jwcces sederunt qui svjira.
The affair of the Great Valley referred. The affair of the school and fund
referred.
The congregation of the Great Valley is remitted to the care of the Presby-
tery of Philadelphia, and that Mr. Griffith supply said congi-egation as fre-
quently as possible.
Upon reading a supplication from Brown Meeting-house in Virginia, the
Synod appoint a committee to meet on the place, viz. Messrs. John Thomson,
Black, and Griffith, and that they or any two of them, shall endeavour to regu-
late that, and all other such affairs as shall come before them.
The Synod resolved into a committee of the whole house.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
Ma?/ the 25th, A. M. Uhi jiost preces sederunt qui stijyra.
An affair concerning promises of marriage between and a young wo-
man being laid before the Synod by the Presbytery of New Castle, the Synod
on the consideration thereof, and because desired, on some accounts, to
be loosed from said obligation, and it was found the young woman scrupled
the lawfulness of their being loosed from said obligation, the first question put
in the affair was. Whether a single man and woman having promised mar-
riage to each other, may lawfully agree again to release each other from the
promise ; and after mature deliberation, the Synod resolved the case, that it was
lawful, nemine contradicente.
Ordered, That Messrs. Thomson and Cathcart, go with to the young
woman, in order to acquaint her with the Synod's ojtinion to endeavour to issue
that affair.
being called before the Synod and asked, whether he had promised to
this young woman marriage, he acknowledged he had, and that he was culpable
in entering into such rash and unwarrantable methods of engaging.
The question was put censure or not, and it was carried c(!nsure.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o' clock, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui srtpra.
The affair of reassumed. Another question was put, what censure is
to be inflicted upon him for his misconduct in the above mentioned affair?
And after serious consideration and much reasoning on this head, the Synod
came to a resolution, that a rebuke before the Synod was necessary to show
our detestation of such rash proceedings in young people. And that 3Ir. John
Thomson admonish him.
being called, the minute in respect to his affair was read and he cen-
sured accordingly, to which he submitted.
The Synod being informed, that two young men were ready to offer them-
Belves to examination by the Synod or committee, according to the act, Messrs.
Thomson, Elder, Zanchy, Cross, McHenry, Guild, McDowell, Steel, and
Cathcart, were appointed to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock,
to examine them, and that as many of the other brethren as think fit may
attend.
The affair of the fund and school continued.
Adjourned till nine, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1751.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 199
May 26, nine dclock, A. M. TJhi 'post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to examine the candidates attended according to
appointment, and report to the Synod that they approve of them.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next.
Concluded with prayer.
1751.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
3Iay 12.d, 1751. Uhi post preces sederunt
Members of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, Black, and Tate.
Absent : John Thomson, Zanchy, S. Thomson, and Craig.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross and McHenry. Absent : Messrs.
Elmer, Cowell, and Guild.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Cathcart, Francis Alison, Steel, Hector
Alison, and Griffith. Absent : Messrs. Gillespie, McDowell, and Hamilton.
Elders : Messrs. Andrew Wilson, William Armstrong, David Craig, Ptobert
Matthews, John McMichael, George Currie, Andrew Porter, James Mcllvaine,
Thomas James, and William Ramsey.
Mr. Robert Cross chosen moderator, and Mr. Hector Alison clerk.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 1 Cor. iv. 2, by Mr. John Steel.
Mr. Samuel Caven is deceased since our last, and likewise Mr. David
Evans.
The affair of Mr. Samuel Evans referred. The affair of the union referred.
Ordered, That Messrs. McHenry, Cowell, Cathcart, Boyd, Griffith Elder,
Francis Alison, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of the
Synod for the ensuing year, and be the committee for the fund, and that four
with the moderator be a quorum ; and that Robert Mathies, George Currie, and
William Armstrong, be joined in the affair of the fund.
Ordered, The Presbyteries' books be brought to the next Synod.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, the following
brethren brought : Messrs. Boyd, Tate, Cross, Cathcart, Alison, and Steel.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross write to Lewistown, to put them in mind of their
duty concerning the fund.
Mr. Elder's affair referred. The affair of the school referred.
The order on Mr. Cross with respect to the sums due by Messrs. Gelston and
Cunningham, be continued.
Adjourned till nine o'clock in the morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 23, nine o'clocJc, A. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Mr. Samuel Evans continued. The affair of the union continued.
Mr. Elder's affiiir continued. The affair of the school continued.
Mr. Griffith fulfilled his appointment in Virginia.
Mr. Thomson failed to fulfil his appointments in Virginia, and excused.
Ordered, That Mr. Hector Alison supply the back j^arts of Virginia eight
Sabbaths next fall.
Ordered, That Mr. Smith supply the back parts of Virginia eight Sabbaths
next spring.
Ordered, That Mr. Black supply Buffalo settlement and adjacent places four
Sabbaths before our next.
Ordered, That Mr. Craig supply about Roanoke and Reedy Creek, and places
adjacent, three Sabbaths, and the Soitth Branch of Potomac and places adjacent,
three Sabbaths more before our next.
200 MINUTES OP THE [1751.
Ordered, That Mr. Smith supply at Norrington the ensuing Sabbath, and at
the Great Valley the Tuesday following.
The affair of the school and fund continued.
Mr. Griffith complied with the appointment of the Synod with respect to the
Great Valley.
Mr. Griffith met at Brown's meeting-house in Virginia, according to appoint-
ment, and none other of the members meeting, nor both parties, nothing was
done in the affair.
Ordered, Messrs. Black and Alison meet next fall at Brown's meeting-
house to try Avhat they can do in the affair, and report the same to the Synod
next meeting.
Messrs. Thomson and Cathcart met at White Clay Creek, according to last
year's appointment, about Mr. Alison's affair, and though they then had not
full satisfaction of seeing that affiir concluded at that time, yet the Synod is
now fully satisfied by credible information, that all obligations between said
parties are mutually discharged to the satisfaction of both.
Commissioners from Norrington petitioned the Synod for supplies for the
ensuing year, which is referred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At tfiree d clock, P. M. Vhi post prcces scdenint qui snpra.
Upon considering the conduct of Mr. Samuel Evans, which was referred to
the Synod for advices, it is agreed : That ]\Ir. Evans having acted disorderly in
dissolving the pastoral relation between himself and his people, and having
travelled to England again and again, without certificates by way of recom-
mendation to the churches in that part of the world ; and having in other things
acted, from time to time, in a way unsuitable to his character as a gospel
minister, we disown him as a member of this Synod until he give us satisfaction
by a return to his duty, and amend his life and conduct.
The affair of the union continued. Mr. Elder's affair continued. The affair
of the school continued.
The affair of the Great Valley and Norrington came under consideration,
and appointed that Mr. McHenry supply the first Sabbath of August, of Feb-
ruary, and May, at Norrington, if they be vacant ; and that Mr. Cowell and
Guild supply the same place tlie first Sal»bath of July, September, October,
December and January; and that Mr. Grifiith supply them one Sabbath before
December next, and must ac([uaint them of the day.
Ordered, That Mr. Griffith sup])ly the congregation of the Great Valley
one Sabbath in the mouth until the candidates arc licensed, and the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia agrees that these congregations may apply to New
Castle Presbytery for supplies from the said candidates wdien licensed, by
turns, and that Mr. Mcllenry supjily the Great Valley the fb'st Sabbath of •
November.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
Mii/ 24/74, at nine o'clock, A. J\[. Uhi jiost prcccs sederunt qui siqva.
The aflair of the union continued. jNIr. Elder's affair continued. The
affair of the .school continuetl.
Upon considering the affair of the uninn, our Synod sent a messenger to
jNIr. Hazard's to see whether the Synod of New York had left any proposals
with him to be delivered to us, to which he answered, they had ; but that he
•was ordered not to deliver them to us without receiving our proposals to
them.
1751.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 201
The Synod finding that there was some misapprehension between them
and the Synod of New York, about the meaning of both parties delivering
their proposals sealed to Mr. Hazard, came to the following resolution :
That since our brethren will not allow us to see their proposals till we give
ours in writing, which our commissioners to Trenton do not agree to be the
intention of that proposal ; but that this method was intended to prevent cla-
mour and misrepresentations. We are determined to send them our proposals
as soon as possible, but the minutes of our proceeding in that afiliir, being in
Mr. McHenry's hands, so that we cannot proceed as we could wish, we
recommend it to our brethren, to use all endeavours to promote a healing
spirit, so that our designs may be brought to a comfortable issue, and we shall,
through divine assistance, labour to do the same ; and we shall meet for this
purpose the first Wednesday of September next, in Philadelphia, that the
Synod of New York may have an opportunity of considering our overtures,
and taking proper measures for the concluding a union, which may be of much
advantage to this church.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be delivered to the Rev. Mr. Gilbert
Tennent.
Ordered, That Mr. Hector Alison stay in town till he transcribe our minutes
for these years past, and that he be paid out of the fund for this service, and
for settling the accounts of the fund.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod being informed that Mr. Hugh Knox and Mr. John Alison, are
waiting on them to be examined according to the rules of this Synod, it is
agreed that they attend the Presbytery of New Castle, at Elk River, the first
Tuesday of August, and be examined by them, and that Messrs. Boyd and Tate
correspond with them at that time.
_ The afiair of the school considered, and ordered, That four scholars be en-
tirely exempted from paying, and the residue of the twenty pounds is to be divi-
ded among such as Mr. Alison shall think fit. Three being mentioned for this
purpose.
Ordered, That the last year's minute relating to the school be continued.
Ordered, to allow Mr. Gillespie five pounds out of the fund for building
his meeting-house, and five pounds to Mr. Elder, the first to be paid on demand"
and the last at our next meeting in September.
Adjourned till the first Wednesday of September ensuing.
Concluded with prayer.
1751.
The Synod met according to adjournment at four o'clock, P. M.
September 4t7i, 1751. V hi post preces sederunt
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, and Zanchy.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross and McHenry.
New Castle Presbytery: Messrs. Cathcart, Alison, Steel, and Hector
Alison.
Elders: Messrs. Robert Chambers, John Watt, Robert Mathies, James
Scot. '
Mr. Cross continued moderator, and Hector Alison clerk.
Absent from Donegall Presbytery: Messrs. Thomson, Tate, Craig, and
Black. From Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Cowell, and Guild. ^From
26
202 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
New Castle Presbytery: Messrs. Gillespie, McDowell, Griffith, and Ha-
milton.
Ordered, That Messrs. IMcHenry, Cowell, Catheart, Boyd, Griffith, Elder,
Francis Alison, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of the
Synod for the ensuing year, and be the commiteee for the fund. And that
four with the moderator be a quorum.
And ordered. That the Presbytery of New Castle examine the young men
next October, who offered themselves to trials at the last meeting of our
Synod.
Ordered, That the Presbytery Books be brought against our nest
Synod.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross either get in the interest due upon our bonds, or
that he sue for the principal and interest, and that it be reported at our next
sederunt what interest is due, and in whose name the bonds are taken.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last be consulted with reference to our
Synodical appointments.
The affair of the school continued, as we determined at our last meeting, to
the minutes of which we refer for further information.
The affair of the union of the two Synods taken under consideration.
Ordered, That a copy of the proposals of the Synod of New York for a
union with this Synod in the year 1749, which were hitherto omitted, be now
inserted ; which are as follow :
The Synod of New York are deeply sensible of the many unhappy conse-
quences that flow from our present divided state, and have with pleasure ob-
served a spirit of moderation increasing between many of the members of both
Synods ; this opens a door of hope, that if we were united in one body we
might be able to carry on the designs of religion in future peace and agree-
ment, to our mutual satisfaction ; and though we retain the same sentiments
of the work of God which we formerly did, yet we esteem mutual forbear-
ance our duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith, and Direc-
tory of worship. We would, therefore, humbly propose to our brethren of
the Synod of Philadelphia, that all our former differences be buried in perpet-
ual oblivion, and that for the time to come both Synods be united in one, and
thenceforth there be no contention among us, but to carry it towards each
other in the most peaceable and brotherly manner, which we are persuaded
will be for the honour of our Master, the credit of our profession, and the edi-
fication of the churches committed to our care. Accordingly we appoint the
Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Gilbert Tennent, Ebcnezer Pemberton, and Aaron
Burr, to be our delegates to wait upon the Synod of Philadelphia with these
proposals, and if they shall see meet to join with us in this desirable design,
we think it would be best to appoint a commission of both the Synods to meet
at such time and place as they shall choose, and finally to determine this
affair. And to preserve the common peace we would desire that all names of
distinction which have been made use of in the late times, be for ever abolished;
that every member give his consent to the AVestrainister Confession of
Faith and Directory, according to the plan formerly agreed to by the Synod
of Philadelphia, in the year 1729. Further, that every member promise that
after any question has been determined by a major vote, he will actively con-
cur, or passively submit, to tlie judgment of the body, but if his conscience
permit him to comply with neither of these, that then he shall be obliged
peaceably to withdraw from our synodical communion, without any attempt
to make a schism or division among us. This is not intended to extend to
any cases but those which the Synod judge essential to the maintaining of
doctrine, discipline, and worship ; that all our present congregations be ac-
knowledged as congregations belonging to the Synod, but to belong to the
1751.] SYNOD OF PIIILADELPIIIA. 203
same Presbytery as they now do, till a favourable opportunity presents for an
advantageous alteration. That we all agree to esteem and treat it as a culpa-
ble evil to accuse any of our members of error in doctrine, or immorality in
conversation, any otherwise than by private reproof, till the accusation has
been brought before a regular judicature, and issued according to the known
rules of our discipline. Signed per order of the Synod,
Per Samuel Finly, Synod Clerk.
The delegates from the Synod of New York agreed to the following con-
cessions and amendments in the forementioned proposals, which, according
to the references in them are as follow :
1. Though great and good men have been of different opinions.
2. Always reserving a liberty for such dissenting members to lay their
grievances before the Synod in a peaceable manner. N. B. What remains of
the sentence to be erased.
That there be no intrusions into the bounds of Presbyteries, or pastoral
charges, against the inclination of the Presbyteries or pastors.
That all candidates for the work of the sacred ministry either be examined
and approved by the Synod or its commission, previous to their admission
upon trials by any of our Presbyteries ; or else, that they be obliged to obtain
a college diploma, or a certificate from the president or trustees of the college,
that they have been examined and found qualified.
Mr. (xilbert Tennent only objected against the synodical examination of
young men.
Agreed that the commissioners ripen things for our next synodical meet-
ing, but not finally determine any thing.
The commissions of the Synods of ^Philadelphia and New York met each
other according to agreement at Trenton, Mr. Cowell chosen moderator, and
Thomas Arthur clerk.
Some difficulties arising in the conversations of the commissioners of both
Synods, they came finally and unanimously into this agreement, that both
Synods at their next meeting, do more fully prepare, and then interchange,
mutual proposals for an accommodation, and in the mean time there be a mu-
tual endeavour to cultivate a spirit of candour and friendship.
Thomas Arthur, Clerk.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Sejitemher the 5th. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The order relating to the fund continued.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The Synod having maturely and seriously considered the affair of the
union, agreed at last, nemine contmdicente, that the following terms be pro-
posed to the Synod of New York, and that Hector Alison transcribe them
against our next meeting.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
September the Qth. Ubi p>ost p>reces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The proposals were transcribed and brought in according to appointment,
which were approved, and sent to 3Ir. Hazard, and are as follow :
204 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
" The Synod of Philadelphia being deeply sensible of the unhappy con-
sequences of division, are willing with pleasure, to listen to proposals for heal-
ing the breaches between the two Synods, and as the Synod of York ex-
presses an earnest desire of an union, that we may be able jointly to carry on
the design of religion in future peace and agreement, we have considered your
plan of an accommodation laid before us in the year 1749, and find that it has
a peaceable tendency, and for this reason we determine to comply with the
proposals you laid down, as closely and as far as we can expect to preserve
our future peace and agreement, and to mention briefly the plan of union and
rules of our conduct for time to come towards each other, and in our judica-
tures. "We propose, therefore, (as the Synod of York have proposed to us.)
■we agree that all names of distinctions which have been made use of in late
times, be for ever abolished.
2. '^ That every member give his assent to the Westminster Confession of
Faith and Directory, according to the plan agreed on in our Synod, and that
no acts be made but concerning matters that appear to the body plain duty, or
concerning opinions that we believe relate to the great truths of religion, and
that all public and fundamental agreements of this Synod stand safe.
3. " That every member engage that after any question has been deter-
mined by a major vote, he will actively concur, or passively submit, to the
judgment of the body, or if his conscience permit him to comply with neither
of these, he shall be obliged to withdraw peaceably, always reserving him a
liberty to sue for a review, and to lay his grievances before the body in a
Christian manner.
4. " That we agree to esteem it a culpable evil, and treat it as such, to ac-
cuse any of our brethren of error in doctrine, or immorality in practice, othei"-
wise than by private admonition, or to spread evil surmises that he is grace-
less, or unconverted, till the accusation has been brought before a regular
judicature, and issued according to the rules of well known church discipline.
5. " That no intrusions into the bounds of any of our Presbyteries, or pas-
toral charges, without the consent of the Presbytery, or minister, be first ob-
tained implicitly or explicitly ; and that no person be excluded from any of
our judicatures without regular proceedings, according to our known rules of
church discipline ; and that all candidates for the sacred work of the ministry
be either examined by the Synod, or their commission, and be approved by
them, in the languages and philosophy, or shall be obliged to bring a college
certificate or diploma, to assert that they are suitably qualified according to
the rules of that college, before they be admitted to trials in any of our Pres-
byteries, and we promise that we will encourage them to fall in with this last
as the most honourable and customary.
6. " We propose, according to the first article, that all names of distinc-
tion shall be for ever abolished, and for this purpose we think it necessary
that our I'resbyteries shall be made up every where of the ministers that live
contiguous to one another, so that there shall be no such party names, as old
and new Presbyteries, for old and new congregations to repair to, that they
may obtain ministers bearing party names ; and that if any minister shall be
dissatisfied to sit with the Presbytery that is next to him, he shall, upon ap-
plication to the Synod, have liberty to join with the neighbouring Presbytery
which he shall choose, if they think it for edification to allow him the liberty.
7. " And though we cannot but lament the divisive practices that have been
carried on in this church these several years, so much to the disadvantage of
religion, yet out of a sincere regard to the peace of the church we propose
that such congregations where there are new erections, each of which are able
to support a minister, be continued, and that such congregations where there
1752.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 205
are two parties, and neither supplied with a minister, that all care be taken by
the Presbytery to which they belong to unite them, but that where any erec-
tions have been made by these practices to the prejudice of former standing
congregations, and said erections supplied with ministers, that said ministers
be removed, and all proper methods taken to heal the breach.
And though this last proposal may seem to bear hard on some ministers,
yet we hope that few will be affected by it, and that these may find more com-
fortable settlements in our numerous vacancies, and be more extensively ser-
viceable in Christ's vineyard ; and upon these terms we heartily agree with
the Synod of York, that since we profess the same Confession of Faith, and
Directory for worship, all our former differences be buried in perpetual obli-
vion, and that henceforth there be no contention among us but to carry it
towards each other in the most amicable and brotherly manner.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May. Concluded with prayer.
1752.
The Synod of Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
Mai/ 27, 1752. Uhi post preces sederunt
From Donegall Presbytery : Messrs, Boyd, Elder, Thomson, Tate. Absent :
Messrs. Zanchy, Craig, Black. Present, Mr. Smith.
Philadelphia: Messrs. Cross, Cowell, and McHenry. Absent: Messrs.
Elder and Guild.
\ew Castle : Messrs. Cathcart, Francis Alison, McDowell, Griffith, Steel,
and Hector Alison. Absent : Messrs. Gillespie and Hamilton.
Elders : Messrs. Thomas Hope, Thomas Dugan, James Murphie, Andrew
Boggs, John Cross, Hugh Ferguson, James Smith, Nathaniel Williams, Fran-
cis Williamson, John Hall, John McNeal, James Pagan.
Mr. Cowell moderator, Mr. Sampson Smith clerk.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 1 Tim. iv. 16, by Mr. Cross, last
year's moderator.
The Presbytery of Donegall ordained Mr. Sampson Smith to the work of
the ministry since our last meeting, who is now received as a member of this
Synod.
Mr. Thomson's last year's absence excused for indisposition. Mr. Cow-
ell's absence excused. Mr. McDowell excused for reasons given.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Cathcart Griffith, McHenry, Elder,
McDowell, Tate, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, and
the committee for the fund ; and that four with the moderator be a quoroum.
And that John Cross. James Murphey, and Hugh Ferguson, elders, be joined
in the affair of the fund.
Ordered, That the Presbyteries bring in their books against our next.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, the following
brethren, Messrs. McHenry, Boyd, Tate, Steel, McDowell, Cathcart, brought
something.
The consideration of the collection of the fund referred.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross let Mr. Gelston know that the Synod will remit
the interest of the money which he owes them, provided that he forthwith
pays the principal.
The affair of the school deferred.
Mr. Hector Alison and Mr. Smith fulfilled their appointments in Virginia.
Further appointments to Virginia deferred.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
206 MINUTES OF TIIE [1752.
May 28<A, at nine o'clock, A. M. Lhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjourment. The consideration of the collection
for the fund referred. The affair of the school referred.
The affair of the union deferred.
The petition of Catharine Cowan was brought in and read ; the Synod refer
this affair to the Presbytery of Donegall, together with Messrs. Cathcart,
jMcDowell, Griffith, and Steel, as correspondents from the Pesbytery of New
Castle, to meet at Octorara the second Tuesday of August, and that Mr. Boyd's
session give notice to all parties concerned.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
May 28^/i, at three o'clock, P. M. Vhi post p)rcces sederunt qui stipra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The consideration of the collection for the fund deferred. The affair of the
school deferred. The affair of the union deferred. The consideration of the
supplication from Virginia resumed.
Ordered, That Mr. McCannan supply' the congregations of North and South.
Mountain, Timber Grove, North Eiver, and Cook's Creek, and at John Hin-
son's until the middle of October next chiefly, and at other vacancies as often
as he can. And that Mr. Kinkead shall supj)ly the same from the middle of
November nest until the first of March, provided he has not received a call,
and in that case he shall continue eight weeks only.
Ordered also. That Mr. Craig supply these vacancies at their request, and
that ]Messrs. McCannan and Craighead supply his congregation, if required,
the half of the time he is absent.
A letter from the Synod of New York was brought in and read.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Alison, Steel, McDowell, Elder, Boyd,
McIIenry, and the moderator, be a committee to consider the same, and draw
an answer, and present it to the Synod for their approbation.
The Synod having deliberately considered the affair of IMr. Alison's remo-
val to Philadelphia, referred to them by the Presbytery of New Castle, judge
that the method he used is contrary to the Presbyterian plan. Yet con-
sidering that the circumstances which urged him to take the method he used,
were very pressing, and that it was indeed almost impracticable to him to
apply for the consent of Presbytery or Synod, in the orderly way ; and fur-
ther, being persuaded that Mr. Alison's being employed in such a station in
the academy, has a favourable aspect in several respects, and a very probable
tendency, not only to promote the good of the public, but also of the church,
as he may be serviceable to the interests thereof in teaching philosophy and
divinity, as far as his obligations to the academy will permit, we judge that
his proceedings in said affair, are in a great measure excusable. Withal, the
Synod advises, that for the future, its members be very cautious and guard
against such proceedings as are contrary to our known approved methods in
such cases.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
May 29/7t. Uhi piost pireces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met at ten o'clock, according to adjournment.
Mr. Francis Alison requested that he should be allowed to sit as a member
of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, seeing he was settled in their bounds; and
it is ordered that he belong to said Presbytery.
Affair of fund, collection, and school, kc. deferred.
1752.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 207
The committee appointed to consider the terms of accommodation offered us
by the Synod of New York, brought in an overture, which was considered and
approved, and is as follows :
*' Upon perusal of yours, our pleasing views of a comfortable union, from
repeated intimations of your readiness to comply with what appeared reason-
able, are considerably abated ; especially as we apprehend you receding further
from a union, and from your own former proposals in order thereunto, which
we shall fully point out, being persuaded it is our duty, being willing for and
desirous of a reasonable accommodation.
" 1st. You have repeatedly proposed that all former differences be buried
in perpetual oblivion, which you apprehend for the honour of our Master, the
credit of our profession, and the edification of the church. How, consistently
therewith, do you insist that the protestation of the Synod, in the year 1741,
be declared void and of none effect ? and that this declaration shall be a term
of union, since the Synod have assured you, and are willing to declare, that
upon the union, they shall act and carry it towards you as if this protestation
had never been made, looking upon the design of the protestation answered
by reasonable terms of union; and if any thing further be intended by your
insisting that said protestation be declared void and of no effect, we assure you
we are well satisfied that said protestation was made on sufficient and justi-
fiable grounds, and we are not in the least convinced that the Synod acted
wrong in said step.
'' 2dly. You insist that Presbyteries shall continue as they are, and declare
you see no reason to dissolve the new modeled Presbyteries. How is this con-
sistent with your proposals, that all differences be perpetually buried, and that
all names and distinctions be for ever abolished ; nay, how can you reconcile it
in your own minds with the peace of this church, the valuable end to be
aimed at by the union ? besides we acquainted you, that an uniting of Pres-
byteries appeared to us so requisite to the peace of our church, that unless
your delegates had given us, by their concessions, ground to believe your
Synod would have consented to this, we should have looked upon any attempt
for union as vain and useless.
" And your own former proposals on this head, viz : that congregations as
they are at present, should belong to the same Presbytery they now do, till a
favourable opportunity of an advantageous alteration, gave us ground to appre-
hend that you would consent, from the apparent necessity of the thing, to this
advantageous alteration.
" 3dly. You have formerly .declared, that though your sentiments, of what
you esteemed a work of God, continued the same, yet you judged mutual for-
bearance your duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith and
Directory for worship. But now you seem to insist on a joint testimony for
such a glorious work of God, in the late religious appearances, as a term of
union, by making it one of your proposals for peace and union, that you hope
both Synods will go into such a testimony. How is this consistent with your
former professed sentiments of the duty of forbearance in said case, and with your
declared sentiments, that no difference in judgment in cases of plain sin and
duty, and opinions relating to the great truths of religion, is a sufficient reason
why the differing member should be obliged to withdraw, unless the said plain
duty or truth be judged by the body essential, in doctrine or discipline ? And
we think it strange you would insist on this or even mention it as a proposal
for union, seeing your delegates before us conceded that both great and good
men had differed from them on that head, besides your own declaration on
that affair, viz : that you doubt not but that there were several follies and ex-
travagancies of the people and artifices of Satan intermixed with what you call
a glorious work of God's Spirit, plainly evince the difficulty of such a testis
208 MINUTES OF THE [1752.
mony, especially to such who cannot easily be persuaded to declare that these
religious appearances were a saving work of God's Spirit.
" Besides, in order to such a testimony, in an affair confessedly difficult,
that it be consistent with reason and a good conscience, we apprehend that it
is your business and duty who hope for, and insist on such testimony, that you
point out what you believe to be a glorious work of God's Spirit in the late
religious appearances, and what to be the follies and extravagancies of the
people, and the artifices of Satan, that so a distinct testimony be given for the
encouragement of the one, and for preventing the other, and undeceiving many
among the simple and ignorant who may have mistaken the one for the other,
and yet continue in the mistake.
'* ithly. "We have condescended for the sake of peace, that all the minis-
ters belonging to your Synod, and all their congregations, should belong to
this body ', but when intrusions have been made by disorderly ministers into
our congregations, so as to render them incapable to perform their solemn en-
gagements to their pastors, we think these things that are so unjust ought to
be rectified, yet, if consistent with the rights of gospel ministers, you can find
a salve for this difficulty, we will gladly approve of it.
" 5thly. As for our sentiments in other affairs, relating to the proposed
union, we refer you to our late proposals, which we apprehend just and rea-
sonable, and as yet see no just reasons to recede from, or make any material
abatements of them; and particularly in regard to proposals for deciding affairs
by majority of vote, we apprehend it strictly Presbyterian and reasonable, and
are not convinced that the alteration in that article proposed by you about what
is essential and what not, is necessary; nay, we apprehend that such an altera-
tion as stated by you, has a bad aspect, and opens a door for an unjustifiable
latitude both in principles and practice,
" 6thly. We are much satisfied to hear you propose that young men should
bring college certificates, seeing that you have now, by the goodness of Divine
Providence, a college erected. We are and ever were as much for this, and
more than some of these brethren who once belonged to this Synod; and we
would put you in mind that there were colleges erected in reach of your youth
before you had one in New Jersey. But no regard was to be paid to our re-
peated desires and public votes that our young men should have education,
and certificates from them, when it was proposed by our Synod; and we
think that our Synod may find, among their number, men as well qualified to
examine and judge of men's abilities as cither the tutors, trustees, or rectors
of your college, so that we think the approbation of our Synod, or committee,
a good alternative, and yet will give it up if you oblige all your candidates to
bring college certificates, unless in extraordinary cases, and these shall be settled
to prevent such disorders as we have seen and felt in time past.
"At present we are well pleased with any degree of a disposition towards
peace and union professed by you, and are resolved to cultivate and improve,
in ourselves, and others in any measure under our influence, the same peace-
able disposition, and to concur heartily with you in any plan of accommodation
reasonable and consistent with our profession as Presbyterians, and for the good
of the Church and honour of our Lord and Master."
At tlirec o^doch, P. M. Uhi jwst j^reccs sederunt qui siij?m.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The affair of the school came under consideration, and it is appointed that it
be under the care of Mr. Alexander McDowell for the ensuing year, and that
he employ an assistant, and that it be examined by the Presbytery of New
1753.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. oqq
Castle the second Wednesday of April, and that he be allowed for his encour-
agement twenty pounds per annum.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 30/7i, at nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met. Uhi post preces sederunt
qui supra.
Ordered, That the letter for the Synod of New York be sent to them, and
committed to the care of Mr. Samuel Hazard.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May 1753. Concluded with prayer.
1753.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
May 23, 1753. Ubipost preces sederunt
From the Presbytery of Donegall: Messrs. Boyd, Zanchy, Elder, Tate,
Smith. Absent : Messrs. Thomson, Craig, Black.
From Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross and Alison. Absent : Messrs.
Cowell, Elmer, Guild, McHenry.
From New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Cathcart, Steel, Alison. Absent :
Messrs. Grillespie, McDowell, Griffith, Hamilton.
Elders : Francis Gardner, Kobert Dugan, Brice Innis, Patrick Campbell,
William Marshall, John Williamson, John Hall, Moses Irwin, James Mackey.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Hector Alison, with a sermon from Jer.
ix. 23, 24 ; Mr. Cowell, last year's moderator, being absent.
Mr. Hector Alison chosen moderator, Mr. Zanchy clerk.
Mr. Zanchy gave reasons for his absence last year, which were sustained.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Cathcart, Steel, Elder, McHenry,
McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod for the
ensuing year, and the committee for the fund ; and that four, with the mode-
rator, be a quorum ; and that Patrick Campbell, William Marshall, and John
Cross, be joined in the affair of the fund.
Ordered, That the Presbyteries bring in their books to-morrow morning.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, it was found the
following brethren brought, viz. Messrs. Boyd, two pounds five shillings;
Tate, one pound six shillings; Steel, seventeen shillings; Smith, one pound
ten shillings; Cathcart, ten shillings; Hector Alison, one pound; Cross, six
pounds thirteen shillings; McDowell, thirteen shillings and four pence; Mr.
Zanchy's congregation is to contribute to the fund for the use of the school.
The affair of Virginia deferred.
The affiiir of the school deferred.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
3Iay 24:ih, at nine o'cIocJc, A. M. Ubipost i^rcces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The Bev. Messrs. John Thomson and Hugh Conn died since our last
Synod.
Messrs. McDowell and Griffith came this day and gave the reasons of their
yesterday's absence, which were sustained.
jNIr. Cowell sent us a letter containing reasons for his non-attendance, which
were sustained.
The Presbj'tery of New Castle brought in their book according to yesterday's
order, and Messrs. Elder and Tate are appointed to revise it.
27
210 MINUTES OF THE [1753.
The affair of Virginia deferred. The affair of the school deferred. The con-
sideration of the affair of the fund deferred.
We received a copy of the minutes of the Synod of New York, containing
the reasons why they could not enter on the affair of the union so as to give
an answer to our hist year's letter.
Mr. McKennan fulfilled his appointment in Virginia. Mr. Kinkead did
not fulfil his, for which he gave reasons that are sustained, and the rather be-
cause Mr. McKennan supplied the congregations in Virginia in his room.
The committee appointed to examine the school report that they had ful-
filled the appointed, and were well pleased with the proficiency of the scholars,
and care of the master.
The further consideration of the affair of the school is deferred.
It being reported to the Synod that there is a supplication from Carolina,
the Synod defer that with the affair of Virginia, till our next sederunt.
The Presbytery of New Castle applied to the Synod, that whereas jMr.
Hector Alison had laid certain grievances before them, and sued for a dismis-
sion from his pastoral charge, and as the affair appeared to be of great im-
portance, and required a final decision at their next meeting, humbly requests
that the Synod would join some members out of the other Presbyteries with
them to judge of that affair; and that said Presbytery, with such members,
be appointed to act as a comission of the Synod, and in that capacity judge that
affair.
The Synod granted said request, and accordingly appoints ^Messrs. Boyd,
Tate, and Smith, to meet with the I'resbytery of New Castle on the first
Tuesday of August next, at New London, for that purpose; and further, the
Synod enjoins it on said Presbytery to give timely notice to Mr. Alison's con-
gregations of the design of said meeting.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer
May 24<7i, at three o^ clock, P. M. Ubi post prcces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The affair of Virginia deferred. The affair of the school came under con-
eideration, and is continued under Mr. McDowell's care and inspection for an-
other year, upon the same footing as was agreed last year.
Ordered, That New Castle Presbytery, as our committee for the school, ex-
amine the same in the fall and spring, and make report to next Synod.
The supplications from Virginia and North Carolina were considered, and
the Synod orders Mr. McMordie to supply the vacancies in those parts for
ten weeks, or longer if he find it needful, and that he pay a greater regard to
the larger societies that have supplicated this Synod from time to time, and at
the same time do what he can to promote the benefit of younger settlements,
and that he set out the first of July next, and that Mr. Donaldson, in like
manner, supply the same back parts, and continue there for ten weeks, or as
much longer as he thinks fit, and that he shall set out the first of October.
The Synod recommends it to Messrs. McMordie and Donaldson to show a
special regard to the vacancies of North Carolina, especially betwixt Atkin
and Catoba rivers, in giving them a considerable part of the time they spend
in those back parts.
A member of the congregation of Norrington applied to the Synod suppli-
cating the ordination of Mr. Kinkead, as fast as the stated rules and methods
used in our Presbyteries will permit.
The Synod having, at some considerable length, considered the difficulties
which the l*resbyteries of New Castle and Philadelphia offered, each for
themselves, as reasons why they could not attend on the trials and ordination
1754.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 211
of Mr. Kinkead, so as to answer the request of the congregations, came to this
conclusion, that inasmuch as the congregations of the Great Valley and Nor-
rington properly belonged to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, that said Pres-
bytery should attend the trials and manage the ordination of Mr. Kinkead,
and lest a delay might be occasioned by the paucity and distance of the mem-
bers of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, Mr. Cathcart is ordered to correspond
with said Presbytery as an assistant.
Adjourned till to-morrow at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
May Ihth. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at Mr. Cross's, at four
o'clock, P. M.
Mr. Alexander Miller, from the parish of Ardstraw, in Ireland, applied to
us for liberty to preach the gospel as a minister of this Synod. He acknow-
ledged he was degraded by the Presbytery of Letterkenuy, and Sub-Synod
of Londonderry, and the Greneral Synod in Ireland, but complained that they
treated him hardly and unjustly, and offered the minutes of the Presbytery of
Letterkenny to our consideration, to justify his conduct. The Synod having
seriously considered his allegations, think that they have no right to judge of
the proceedings of the judicatories in Ireland ; that they have not the minutes
of the Sub-Synod, and General Synod, and for that reason think it would be
partial and unfair to believe that so many men of candour and integrity would
treat him in their judicatories severely and unjustly; and as several of our
members have wrote to their correspondents in that church, they think they
would act wrong to encourage a man which is cast out of their churches, till
they hear for what reasons, and we would warn all the societies under our care
to give him no encouragement as a minister, till his character be cleared, and
he be acknowledged as a gospel minister by us.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with
prayer.
1754.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Philadeljihia, May 22(7, 1754. Vhi post preces sederunt
From Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, Steel, and Thomson.
From Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Alison, McHenry, and
Elmer.
From New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. McDowell and Alison.
Elders : Messrs. John Henderson, Robert Chambers, John Alison, John
Johnston, Robert Meckey, and James Vance.
Absent from Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Zanchy, Thomson, Black, and
Craig. From New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Gillespie and Hamilton.
From Philadelphia : Messrs. Cowell and Guild.
Since our last Messrs. Robert Cathcart and Timothy Griffith were removed
by death.
Since our last Mr. Robert McMordie was ordained in the bounds of Done-
gall Presbytery, and Mr. John Kinkead in Philadelphia Presbytery.
Mr. Hector Alison, our last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a ser-
mon from 1 Cor. iv. 2.
Mr. Francis McHenry chosen moderator, Mr. Smith clerk.
Messrs. Elmer's and McHenry's absence from our last excused for reasons
given. Mr. Gillespie gave his reasons for his absence.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
212 MINUTES OF THE [1754.
May 23(7, the Synod met accordinq to adjournment. Uhl post preces
sederunt qui su])ra.
Mr. Thomson's last year's absence excused for reasons given.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Steel, Elder, McDowell, Tate, Smith,
and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, and
the committee for the fund, and four, with the moderator, be a quorum ; and
that John Johnston, John Alison, Robert Meckey, be elders, joined in the
affair of the fund.
In(|uiry being made whether or no the several Presbyteries had brought in
their books, it was found that the books of New Castle and Douegall were not
brought ; ordered, That they bring them against our next.
Inquiry being made Avho had brought money for the fund, it was found that
the following brethren brought, viz : Mr. Boyd two pounds ten shillings, Mr.
Smith one pound ten shillings, Mr. Thomson ten pounds, Messrs. Cross,
McIIenry, and Alison, six pounds.
Ordered, That every Presbytery enjoin their absent members to send their
collections for the fund to the Presbytery, to be remitted to the Synod yearly,
or their trustee.
The commission of the Synod appointed to act in the affair of Mr. Hector
Alison's removal, met according to appointment and determined it.
The affair of the school deferred. The affair of the back country came
under consideration.
Ordered, That Messrs. Tate and Kinkead supply those vacancies any time
not exceeding three months.
The meeting of the committee for the fund, deferred.
Ordered, That every Presbytery appoint one of their number to preach on
Friday evening, when the Synod is met.
A proposal was made by Mr. Alison, for laying some plan for a fund for
the support of ministers' widows, which was referred till further consideration.
Mr. Steel's affair deferred.
A reference from Philadelphia Presbytery relating to IMr. Elmer, deferred.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi j^ost jveces sederunt qui
supra.
The affair of the school referred. Mr. McDowell, under Avhose care and
inspection the school has been for these two last years, has declined to have
the whole burden. Therefore, Mr. Wilson is appointed to teach the languages,
Mr. McDowell undertaking, from a sense of the public good, to continue to
teach logic, mathematics, natural and moral })hilosophy, &c; and it is agreed,
that Mr. Wilson have the same encouragement which Mr. McDowell had ; and
it is further agreed, that the Presbytery have a special regard to 3Ir. Wilson in
their appointments, in not sending him to those vacancies which are too far
distant for his attendance in the beginning of the week.
Ordered, That New Castle Presbytery and Messrs. Boyd and Smith, be the
committee to visit the school twice in the year, viz : the first Tuesdays of
October and April.
The meeting of the committee of the fund deferred. The proposal for laying
tlic plan for a fund to support ministers' widows, deferred. The reference from
Philadelphia relating to Mr. Elmer, reassumed.
Ordered, That IMessrs. .Akllenry, Cowell, and Kinkead, go to Mr. Elmer's
congregation and endeavour to remove the difficulties he complains of before
our next meeting, and that 3Ir. Cross write to Mr. Cowell to attend on the day
which may be agreed on.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. 31. Concluded with prayer.
1754.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 213
May 24. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi jpost preces
sederunt qui supra.
Upon an application from the Presbytery of New Castle for assistance, it is
ordered, that Messrs. Boyd and Smith sit with them till our next meeting, and
be excused from attending Donegall forther than they think convenient, and
that Mr. Kinkead correspond with them in August.
The meeting of the committee for the fund deferred.
A plan for the support of ministers' widows was offered to the Synod and
considered.
Ordered, That a fair copy be drawn against our next sederunt and inserted.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, and Alison, wait upon Mr. Allen at such
a time as shall be found convenient.
A letter from the Synod of New York was brought in and read.
Ordered, That Messrs. Alison, Steel, and Elder, be a committee to form
proposals to the Synod for the supporting ministers' widows, against four
o'clock.
Adjourned till four o'clock. Concluded with prayer
The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sederunt qui
supra.
Upon a supplication of the congregation of Middleton to the Synod, Mr.
Kinkead is appointed to supply said congregation, the last Sabbaths of June
and July.
The meeting of the eommittee of the fund deferred.
The plan of the fund for supporting ministers' widows, was brought in,
read, approved, and signed, by all the ministers then present.
The committee, according to appointment, brought an answer to the letter to
the Synod of New York, which was read and approved.
Ordered, That it be fairly transcribed against our next sederunt.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
31ay 25. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The meeting of the committee of the fund deferred.
The Synodical company agree, in order to complete their plan and carry it
into full execution, that each Presbytery shall choose a member to represent
them, and send by him their several quotas to the fund the second Wednesday
of October next, and these representatives then met, shall put the stock into
the hands of appointed trustees, and see the proper regulations of it, a copy
whereof shall be returned to each Presbytery, and as many more members may
come to assist in the affair as can conveniently.
On reading the minute concerning the proposals to be sent to the brethren
of the Synod of New York, it is agreed on farther consideration, to defer send-
ing proposals until conference be first had with some members of New York
Synod, commissioned for that purpose, which we judge a better expedient than
the present method of treating of an union ; inasmuch as a very pacific temper
seems to prevail in the members of both Synods, and a letter be wrote impart-
ing our desire of said conference against our next.
The members appointed waited on Mr. Allen, who informed them, in pur-
suance of Mr. Humphry Murray's last will, he will allow sixty pounds for the
benefit of ministers' widows.
Ordered, That Messrs. McDowell and Smith represent briefly some of the
214 MINUTES OF THE [1755.
most dangerous opinions and practices of the scccders, and get them printed,
and that the books be divided among the ministers, who are to sell thoni where
these gentlemen are doing most damage. Memorandum, that no one piece
exceed a sheet.
At the request of Mr. Cross, it is ordered, that Mr. Alison or Mr. Cross
shall have allowance to write to any minister to come and preach two Sabbaths
at any time during Mr. Cross's illness.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at Mr. Cross's, at four
o'clock, this afternoon.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer.
1755.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Philadelphia, May 2Sth, 1755. U bi jiost preccs sederunt
From Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Alison, McHenry, Cowell,
Guild, and Kinkead.
From New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. McDowell and Alison.
From Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Zanchy, Steel, Tate, Smith, and
McMordie,
Elders : iNFessrs. John Johnston, AVilliam Donaldson, Thomas Hope, James
Anderson, Thomas Scot, and Joseph Armstrong.
Absent of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Gillespie and Hamilton. Of
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Elder, Thomson, Black, and Craig.
Mr. Tate chosen moderator, INIr. Donaldson clerk.
Mr. McHenry, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon
from Heb. x. 24.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
3[ay 29/7t. The Synod met accordimj to adjournment. Ubi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Zanchy, Tate, and Guild, gave reasons for their absence from last
year's Synod, which were sustained.
Since our last Mr. Elmer is removed by death.
Mr. Gillespie's absence excused because of his indisposition.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Steel, Cowell, Smith, McHenry, Francis
Alison, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing
year. The affair of the fund deferred.
None of the Presbyteries produced their books, the omission is greatly
blamed, and it is recommended to them to be more careful for the time to
come.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, it is found
that none advanced any, save INIessrs. Cross, Boyd, Zanchy, Steel, and Mc-
Henry. The affair of the school deferred.
Messrs. Tate and Kinkead fullilled their appointments in Yirginia. The
mission to Virginia and ('arolina deferred.
Ordered, That every Presbytery appoint one of their number to preach on
Friday evening, at the future meetings of the Synod, if required.
Ordered, That Messrs. Boyd and Smith continue to sit with Noav Castle
Presbytery till our next.
The i)lan of a fund for ministers' widows deferred.
A letter was sent to the Synod of New York, as ordered at our last, de-
eiring that some of their members might be appointed as commissioners to
1755.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 215
treat of an union; and we now understand that there are commissioners
waiting on this Synod for a conference. After the affair was considered in
Synod, in order to furnish such as should be appointed to meet these brethren,
with some instructions, the Synod appoint Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Francis Alison,
Steel, McHenry, Cowell, and McDowell, to meet with them at three o'clock
this afternoon, and that notice hereof be given to them.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
May 30/^, nine o'clock, A. 31. U hi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The conference appointed with New York brethren, was continued so long
yesterday afternoon, that the Synod did not meet till this morning.
Ordered, That the affliir of the widows' fund and of the Synod's fund be
continued.
Ordered, That every minister, according to our former agreement, propose
the collection for the fund to his congregation, and as it is a Synodical appoint-
ment, it is inconsistent with our church government to be under the chock or
prohibition of a church session ; they indeed may give or withhold their cha-
rity, but may not prevent a minister to propose it publicly, according to our
appointment. Ordered likewise. That every Presbytery take care of the con-
duct of their members, how they observe this agreement previous to their
coming to the Synod, and that they gather the collection from absent members.
The Synod having taken into consideration the Virginia and Carolina sup-
plications, order. That Mr. Donaldson supply the back inhabitants of Virginia
and North Carolina, at least three months next fall ; and that he in particular
pay a regard to the supplications that were laid before this Synod by some of
these back inhabitants. That Mr. Wilson supply them in like manner, for
three months next winter ; and Mr. McKeunan for three months next spring.
A plan of a fund for ministers' widows was proposed and considered. Or-
dered, That it lie under consideration, and that the amendments be made which
were now proposed on reading the overture.
Ordered, That a fast be appointed by the Synod through our bounds before
we part.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M.
The Si/nod met according to adjournment Ubi post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The affair of the widows' fund reassumed. A plan for the same read and
approved as it here follows :
In order to increase a certain fund now in our hands, and have the same
duly applied to support our widows and children after our decease, we, sub-
scribing members of the Synod of Philadelphia, do promise and agree to and
with each other in manner following, that is to say :
I. Each of us shall annually pay into the common stock the sum of two
pounds, or of three pounds, of lawful money, as every one chooses, the first'
payment to be made immediately upon concluding this agreement, and one on
the fourth Wednesday of May every year thereafter as long as we live.
II. Every minister hereafter becoming a member of the Synod of Phila-
delphia,_ shall have a right to come into this agreement, to choose which of
these different payments he will subject himself unto, and so have the pri-
vileges of a member of this fund company. And so may every candidate for
the ministry under their care.
in. Any minister belonging to said Synod, who has now an opportunity
to join in this agreement, but declines the same, may at any time hereafter
join and be received, provided he pay as much into the stock as shall make
216 MINUTES OF THE [1755.
up the several payments, and the interest of them that he would have made,
had he joiued now. Also, any member first choosing the lower payment, but
hereafter choosing the higher, shall be allowed to change, upon his paying the
difference of the two rates, with the interest thereof from his first joining the
company.
IV. Out of this fund shall be annually paid on the fourth ^Yednesday of
May, the sum of five pounds, or of seven pounds ten shillings, to the widow
of every deceased member, who had been subject to the annual payment of
two pounds, or of three pounds respectively, during her life. But if any such
widow marry again, she shall thenceforth have but one third part of the an-
nuity she was otherwise entitled unto, through the residue of her life, and the
other two thirds shall pass to the child or children of the deceased member, if
there be any, for the term of twelve years after the father's decease, and be
divided annually among them as the company judge fit. And at the comple-
tion of twelve years, reckoned from the father's death, their annuity shall
cease. If there be no widow, or if she die before twelve years after the hus-
band's decease, then the whole annuity she was entitled unto, shall pass to
the child or children, until said twelve years are completed. If there be no
child, and the widow marry, she shall have only one half of the annuity
through the rest of her life. If any member die before five yearly payments
are made, the widow shall be entitled to her proper annuity, only deducting
the payments her husband was to have made yearly out of the same, until five
annual payments are completed, from the time of her husband's joining the
company. Likewise, if any member of the company should be rendered
incapable of all business, whereby he might be supported, by disorders, he
shall be entitled to like annuities during such indisposition.
A minister's removing to any other part^of the world, or his being suspended,
or deposed, or resigning charge or ofiice, shall not deprive his widow or chil-
dren of their proper annuity, provided he still continue to make his yearly
payments in his life time.
If any member fail of making his yearly payments at the times fixed above,
he shall thereafter pay the same with the interest thereof, from that time,
and if any fail for three years together, he shall thereby forfeit his interest in
the fund. And if, at any member's decease, he stands indebted to the fund,
the sum he owes shall be deducted out of his relict's annuity.
No annuity shall be reckoned due or paid, until the fourth Wednesday of
May, that comes next after the member's being a full year deceased. Every
person applying for annuities, shall produce to the treasurer a certificate from
the clerk of the Presbytery in whose bounds the person lives, that the person
is such as is entitled to a certain annuity, who may thereupon be paid such
annuity as is due, according to the case of the person.
V. No higher annuity shall be allowed until the yearly contributions, to-
gether with the interest of the stock, have, besides paying these said annui-
ties, raised a capital of eight hundred pounds for twenty members, and so in
proportion greater as there shall happen to be more than twenty members in
the company.
VI. When such a capital is once raised, then whatever the yearly contri-
butions and produce of that capital shall be more than pays the said annuities,
and costs of management, the same shall be divided among, and paid unto the
widows and children aforesaid, in proportion to their rates respectively- So
as that the capital be not lessened, and reserving a right to the company to
apply the yearly payments to raise an higher capital, if more than twenty
members be joined, that so the aforesaid proportion between the capital and
number of members may be preserved.
VII. We at present appoint and impower the Honourable William Allen,
1755.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 217
Esqr., Mr. William Humphreys, Mr. Alexander Houston, Mr. John Wallis,
Mr. John Bleakly, senior, and Mr. William Mcllvaine, gentlemen, and
Messrs. Robert Cross, and Francis Alison, ministers, to be our trustees, and
take our fund into their hands, to lend, recall, and remit, to receive the yearly
payments of the members, and all donations made to the company, and pay
yearly the annuities as above determined, with other incidental costs, and to
manage the whole affairs of our fund according to this agreement. Which
trustees shall make a declaration of trust to the company, and renew the same
yearly, if required, and give a full account of the management and state of the
fund on the fourth Wednesday of every iMay, and whensoever, besides this,
if any special cause shall move the company to desire it. And when there is
occasion to appoint new trustees, by the death or relinquishment of any of
these mentioned, or otherwise, when the company think it necessary to
change any appointed, which they shall always have power to do when they
find cause. In such cases new trustees shall be nominated and appointed by
the common vote of the company. And it is agreed, that three gentlemen,
with one or both of the ministers nominated, be a quorum, and have full power
to act, when no more can meet.
VIII. We still reserve a power to ourselves to make such further regula-
tions and alterations as future experience shall discover to be necessary here-
after, by the vote of the company at our yearly meetings, which shall be on
the fourth Wednesday of May, only no article here shall be altered, or new
regulation made, without two-thirds of the number joined in company agree-
ing and voting for the same. Nor no new regulations shall be made but such
as are adjudged necessary to advance, and not destroy the design of this agree-
ment, and consistent therewith, that particularly the proportion between the
capital and number of members, and the yearly annuities arising by the pre-
sent plan, shall not be lessened.
Subscribed this 30th day of May, 1755, by
£
s.
d.
£
s.
d.
Francis Alison,
3
0
0
Sampson Smith,
3
0
0
Adam Boyd,
2
0
0
Richard Zanchy,
3
0
0
Francis McHenry,
2
0
0
Robert McMordie,
2
0
0
Alexander McDowell,
3
0
0
Joseph Tate,
3
0
0
John Steel,
3
0
0
Hector Alison,
3
0
0
John Kinkead,
2
0
0
Matthew Wilson,
3
0
0
William McKennan,
2
0
0
William Donaldson,
3
0
0
John Elder,
George Gillespie.
In consideration that the widows of such members as now join in company
to raise a fund for themselves, will never come upon the Synod's cai-e, the
Synod agreed to allow one hundred and fifteen pounds to the company, re-
serving all the remaining, which is the chief part of their fund, with the yearly
collections of congregations, to be disposed of by the Synod as usual, and
that the widows that now belong to the Synod receive a yearly relief from the
Synod's fund as usual ; and at the death of any of them, the Synod shall at
their discretion add to our widows' fund as they think proper.
Ordered, That the clerk of the Synod send a copy of the plan for the
widows' fund to each of our Presbyteries.
Ordered, That Messrs. Francis Alison and McHenry wait on Mr. Allen,
and lay our plan for the widows' fund before him, and that they endeavour to
persuade him to be a trustee ; and to demand the money in his hands as he
ordered some of our number to do when they thought fit. '
Adjourned till three o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
28
218 MINUTES OF THE [1755.
May 31s<. Ubl post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The Synod having taken into consideration the prevailing iniquity which
abounds in our land, and the many tokens of Divine displeasure we are un-
der, being threatened with a dangerous war, left to manifold divisions and
confusions, both in church and state, and the rain of heaven restrained to the
great damage of the fruits of the earth, do therefore agree, that the twelfth
day of June be observed as a day of fasting and humiliation through all our
bounds, to bewail our sins and the sins of our lands, to deprecate the Divine
displeasure we deserve, and implore God to remove these tokens of his anger,
and save us from the strokes we now feel, fear, and deserve.
It appears by the report of the committee appointed to converse with the
brethren from the Synod of New York, that in order to accomplish an union,
they proposed that as to all past complaints and ditferences, we should mu-
tually forgive and forget, and wholly bury all these things in perpetual obli-
vion, and endeavour in the strength of God to treat each other hereafter as
though these things had never been. And as the Synods are two distinct
judicatures now, and in present circumstances are not accountable to each other,
they should unite as two contiguous bodies of Christians agreed in principles
as though they never had been concerned with one another before, nor had
any difi'erences, which is the truth as to a great part of both Synods ; and
should now join the Synods and Presbyteries upon such Scriptural and rational
terms as may secure peace and good order, tend to heal our broken churches,
and advance religion hereafter ; and it appears that these brethren cannot be
satisfied with this dropping all former differences in such a general and indis-
tinct way, and particularly would have the protestation made in 1741 with-
drawn, or declared null and void before union.
The Synod have considered these things, and are still willing to adhere to
the above proposals, in order to obtain peace and union, which they apprehend
of the last importance in the Church of Christ, and see not what they can
further propose.
We are commanded to forgive injuries and offences, and this is absolutely
necessary in this imperfect state, to preserve peace among Christians ; and if it
were asked by any, how we can now join, who lately had such differences, we
think every well disposed Christian would be satisfied with being told, that we
mutually forgive according to Christ's command, and agree to maintain good
conduct, through grace, for the time to come.
As to what has been insisted on concerning the protestation, the Synod have
repeatedly said, that when an union is made, they will carry toward these
brethren as though neither this, nor any of the other protestations standing
now in our records, or any other ground of difference on either side had ever
been; and we see not at present what further we can propose on this particular.
For, any member or members being aggrieved, and obtaining no satisfying
redress, even in the highest judicature, have a right to protest and require
the same to be recorded, and as the judicature may not refuse members this
privilege, so neither can they disannul or withdraw such protestations, the
protesters themselves only can do this. And as some members of New York
Synod insist on satisfaction with respect to the protestation, and are unwilling
to forgive and bury all grounds of difterence, we assure them, we think our-
selves greatly injured and offended in many instances, and yet for the sake of
peace, and the good of the Church, we have made them these healing propo-
sals, which we recommend to the further consideration of our brethren of New
York. "We desire also, that the Synod of York would consider that they
thought it for edification and the good of the Church to erect a Synod at New
York, and declared that they did not set up in opposition to the Synod of
1755.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 219
Philadelphia, but as a sister Church. We now think it unbrotherly in them
to hold a Synod in Philadelphia, and that it looks like erecting altar against
altar, and we hope afterwards to have no ground of complaint for such con-
duct. And order that a copy of this minute be sent to New York Synod.
The affair of the school taken into consideration and continued.
Adjourned till ten o'clock on Monday, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
June the 2d. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Alexander Millar, from Ireland, appeared before this Synod, and begged
that we would endeavour to procure a reconciliation between the Synod of
Dunganon, or the Presbytery of Letterkenny and him ; and he delivered a
penitential acknowledgment to transmit to those gentlemen.
Ordered, That Mr. Alexander McDowell write to Messrs. William Boyd,
John Marshall, or John Holmes, and inclose his acknowledgment.
A letter was laid before this Synod from the Rev. Mr. William McBath, in
Dublin, acquainting us that Dr. Leland, Dr. Duchal, Mr. Mears, and Mr.
Weld, with other gentlemen, had sent a collection of books for the benefit of
public schools, the use of students, and the encouragement of learning in this
infant church, to be disposed of by the Synod in the best manner to answer
these good ends.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross and Alison write them a letter of thanks.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
P. 31. Ubi post preces sederunt qui si(p>ra.
Ordered, That application be made to the trustees of the German schools
to procure a sum of money to encourage our school, engaging to teach some
Dutch children the English tongue, and three or four boys Latin and Greek,
if they offer themselves j and that Mr. Sampson Smith open the school at
Chesnut Level so soon as this favour [is obtained] ; and that 3Iessrs. Cross and
Alison draw up and present an address to the trustees of the German schools.
If the sum obtained be less than twenty pounds currency, and not less than
fifteen pounds, the Synod shall allow to the school five pounds.
'Tis agreed that the books sent from Dublin be the foundation of a public
library, under the care of the Synod. That books proper for our school in
the country be lent to the master, and that he give his obligation to return the
same indemnified, when demanded ; or if any be lost or damnified, that he
repair the damages. And further, that any minister belonging to this Synod
may borrow any of the said books, and that they be allowed to keep a folio
for one year, a quarto half a year, and an octavo, or a lesser volume, for three
months ; that they give their obligation for the full price of the volume, to
return it safe, or to pay damages. And if any book be detained bej'ond the
time appointed, every minister so failing shall pay one shilling per month for
a folio, eight pence per month for a quarto, and four pence per month for oc-
tavos and lesser volumes. 'Tis agreed likewise, to lend none of them beyond
Potomac River; and that the books be committed to the trustees of the fund
for ministers' widows, who shall choose a librarian, to take care of the library
for these ends, and for the benefit of students of Divinity in the College of
Philadelphia.
Appointed that Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Alison, McHenry, McDowell^ Tate,
Smith, and McMordie, be the committee for the fund.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer.
220 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
1756.
The Synod met according to adjournment,
Philaddphia, May the 2.(Sth, 1756. Uhi post j^reces sederunt
From the Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Alison, Cowell, Guild,
and Mc Henry.
From Donegall : Mr. Tate.
From New Castle : Messrs. Boyd, Alison, McDowell, McKennan, Wilson,
and Smith.
Elders : Messrs. John Cross, Francis Alexander, Alexander Bryans, John
Crossan, John Snodgrass, Andrew Boggs.
Mr. Guild chosen moderator, and Mr. Smith clerk.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
May 27th, at nine o'clocJc, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
V hi post preces sederunt qui siq)ra.
Absent from Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Zanchy, Elder, Steel, Thomson,
Black, Craig, and McMordic. From New Castle : Mr. Gillespie.
Mr. Tato, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon from
2 Cor. V. 20.
Since our last the Rev. Mr. John Hamilton was removed by death.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Francis Alison, Steel, Cowell,
McIIenry, Tate, Smith, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod,
and committee for the fund for the ensuing year The affair of the fund
deferred.
None of the Presbyteries produced their books, the omission is greatly
blamed, and it is recommended to them to be more careful for the future.
Inquiry being made who had brought any thing for the fund, it was found
that Messrs. Cross, Cowell, Guild, McHenry, Boyd, Tate, McKennan, Wil-
son, Alison, and Smith, brought some. The affair of the school deferred.
Ordered, That every Presbytery appoint one of their number to preach on
Friday evenings at the future meetings of the Synod, if required.
The affair of the widows' and Synod's funds deferred.
The supplications from Virginia and North Carolina, being taken under
consideration, ordered, That Mr. John Aliscm supply those vacancies next fall
and winter. And the Synod recommend it to him, and all such as may be
sent by us to supply these distant parts, to study in all their public adminis-
trations and private couvcrsations, to promote peace and unity among the socie-
ties, and to avoid whatever may tend to foment divisions and party spirit ;
and to treat every minister of the gospel from the Synod of New York, of the
like principles and peaceful temper, in a brotherly manner; as we desire to
promote true religinn and not party designs. And the Synod resolve to send a
copy of these instructions to our brethren of the Synod of New York, hoping
they will recommend the like conduct to any they send thither.
Ordered, That each of our suppliers sent to these distant parts carry a copy
of these minutes with them.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi
jxjst jyreces sederunt qui siqva.
The affair of the school deferred.
A copy of the minute from the Synod of New York, was brought in and
read, as follows :
1756.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 221
A copy of a minute of the Synod of New York, at their session in Phila-
delphia, October 1st, 1755. Ordered to be sent to the Synod of Philadelphia,
which is as follows :
A copy of a minute of Philadelphia Synod, at their convention in May last,
relating to the proposals of union between the two Synods, was brought in and
read. In which they propose, that in order to an union, '<all complaints and
differences should be mutually forgiven and buried in perpetual oblivion ; that
the Synods should unite as two contiguous bodies of Christians agreed in
principle, as though they had never been concerned with one another before,
nor had any differences; and now join the Synods and Presbyteries upon
such scriptural and rational terms as may secure peace and good order, tend to
heal our broken churches, and advance religion hereafter."
On this we beg leave to observe, that it was agreed unanimously, by the
commission of both Synods at Trenton, that both sides should be particular in
proposing, whatever they thought necessary in order to union; "and as some
things which we judged Scriptural and rational terms," our circumstances con-
sidered, have not been consented to by the Synod of Philadelphia; we would
have been glad had they descended to these particulars, that we might have
been now able to judge whether there are grounds to expect satisfaction concern-
ing them. Particularly our proposals concerning the continuance of Presby-
teries and congregations as they now stand, and the terms of ministerial com-
munion mentioned in the year 1749, at Maidenhead, second and third articles,
and article second at Newark, 1750, and first article anno 1751, which last wo
esteem to be always rational and Scriptural terms.
We readily agree, that " it is the command of Christ, and a necessary duty
to forgive offences in the present imperfect state, and that peace among Chris-
tians cannot otherwise be preserved." And we can assure our brethren of
Philadelphia Synod, that our insisting on certain preliminaries, did not pro-
ceed, so far as we know ourselves, from humour or resentment, but from our
apprehending them necessary to preserve and promote the public interests of
religion amongst us. And though some of our members desire leave to declare,
that_ " they think themselves greatly injured and offended in many instances,"
particularly in being charged in the protest, as the reasons for entering it, with
several grievous crimes which they constantly declare were not fact ; yet for
the sake of peace, and the good of this church, they profess themselves willing
to forgive such offences, so far as they are personal.
^ We also agree, that '' any member or members being aggrieved, and obtain-
ing no satisfying redress, even in the highest judicature, have a right to pro-
test, and require the same to be recorded. And as judicatures may not refuse
members ^^this privilege, so neither can they disannul or withdraw such pro-
testation." "The protesters themselves only can do this." And we must
own that our insisting on the Synod's disannulling the protestation made in
f 11'-^] 1 I,- °^ propriety in it, but from our apprehension that the Synod
of Philadelphia, as a Synod, had approved and adopted said protestation. And
consequently, if our brethren shall declare, that in their Synodical capacity,
they do not adopt it, this will remove the ground of our insisting any further
on this point with the Synod.
Further, we assure our brethren, that in meeting at Philadelphia, we neither
did nor do design any opposition to their Synod. The only reason is, the
case of many members, who are far distant to the southward and westward of
Philadelphia, and on that account cannot without insuperable difficulty duly
attend Synodical conventions ; which, we hope, will be a satisfying reason for
our conduct in this particular.
^ We apprehend with our brethren, that peace and union is of the utmost
importance in the church of Christ, and are heartily willing to come into a
222 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
coalition upou such Scriptural and rational terms, as may secure peace and good
order, heal our broken churches, aud advance religion hereafter. Nor do we
insist on particulars with any other view, than that the proposed union might
eflFeetually answer such valuable and important ends.
Finally, as the protestation made in 1741, appears to be a principal obstruc-
tion to the union of both Synods, which nothing hitherto offered has been able
to remove, and as a great part of the present members of both Synods are
such as were not directly active, nor immediately concerned in that protesta-
tion; and as the present minute of the Synod of Philadelphia seems to dis-
tinguish between the protesters and the Syncxl, and so gives us ground to expect
that they will satisfy us by declaring that they do not Synodically adopt said
protestation; upon their doing of which, we propose the following expedient
for the entire removal of the aforesaid obstacles, to wit : That both Synods
unite upon the terms mentioned by this Synod in their particular proposals
made in the years referred to above, that one article respecting the protestation
excepted. That the Synod thus composed of both bodies, shall, immediately
after being constituted, proceed to hear and determine the differences between
the protesters and those protested against, if needful.
A true copy of the Synod's minute,
Per KiciiARD Treat, Synod clerk.
Ordered, That Messrs. Alison, McDowell, McHenry, Cowell, and the
moderator, be a committee to prepare an answer to the minute received from
the Synod of New York, against to-morrow.
The affair of the widows' fund was taken into consideration.
Messrs. Cross and Alison inform us that the Honourable "William Allen,
Esq'r. and the other gentlemen, were pleased to take into their hands the
management of the widows' fund in the beginning of last January ; and that
by a correspondence with the Rev. Messrs. AVallace and Webster, in Edin-
burgh, they find it necessary to make an alteration in their plan, which was
unanimously approved as follows :
If any member die before five yearly payments are made by him to the
common stock, the widow shall be entitled to her annuity, only the half of it
shall be deducted, 'till what her husband hath paid into the common stock,
together with said deductions, be equal to five years' payments or incomes of
her full annuity; and afterwards she shall have her full annuity, as before
appointed.
Ordered, That Mr. Alison, who was chosen clerk and trustee for the fund,
insert the plan with said alteration.
Agreed also. That application be made to his honour the governor, by
Messrs. Cross, Alison, Boyd, Cowell, and McIIenry, to obtain a charter for
the above mentioned fund.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
At nine o'docJc, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Vhi
2)ost preccs sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to prepare an answer to the minute received from
the Synod of New York brought in one, which was read and unanimously
approved, as follows :
We arc heartily willing and desirous, that the Synods of New York and
Philadelphia be united ; and that all the Presbyteries belonging to both be
united as the members lie contiguous to one another; and that our union be
not only in name, but in reality, and in love, and sincere affection. This we
think will greatly advance the kingdom of Christ and vital holiness among us,
1756.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 223
and will, in many respects, be our common honour and our common interest.
We are willing to bury in perpetual oblivion, all our past differences and
names of distinction, and to forgive all the injuries we have received, or ima.
gine that we have received in times past. And we have the testimony of our
consciences, that we study the things that make for peace, (as your Synod
have recommended,) and we hope the Synod of New York, and that the world
will testify the same for us.
We desire to unite on the same terms, on which the members of both Sy-
nods were united when one body. And we are glad to join with the Synod
of New York in an expedient to cut off all debates about the protestation
made in 1741. We allow the protesters the right of private judgment, and
you will allow that we "neither can disannul nor withdraw their protestation-"
but in a Synodical capacity, at your desire, we declare and do assure you
that we neither adopted nor do adopt said protestation as a term of ministerial
communion ; it was never mentioned to any of our members as a term of com-
munion more than any of the other protestations delivered into our Synod on
occasion of those differences. We only adopt and desire to adhere to our
Standards, as we agreed when formerly united in one body, we adopt no
other.
We refer these proposals to the serious consideration of the Synod of New
York; we are in earnest for peace and union, and we hope they are so too.
As it may be necessary that a committee of both Synods meet to adjust mat-
ters previous to an union, we appoint the commission of our Synod, on timely
notice given, to meet with such members as they may appoint for this purpose,
at Philadelphia or any other convenient place.
A supplication from the congregations of Cook's Creek and Pecked Moun-
tain, requesting us to receive Mr. Alexander Millar as a full member, and to
appoint his instalment as their regular pastor, was brought in and read.
The Synod, after considering their request, find it necessary to wait till
they receive an answer from the Synod in Ireland, if they think fit to send
one this season ; but resolve, that as he has offered satisfaction to that Synod,
by our mediation, and has behaved so as to be well respected as a minister
among us, if either the Synod of Ireland send us no answer, or inform us that
they have accepted his submission, we do order Messrs. Black and Craig to
receive him as a member, and instal him, provided they find his conduct in
that part of Christ's vineyard such as becomes a gospel minister. And it is
ordered, that letters be written by Mr. Boyd to those brethren to this purpose,
by Mr. John Alison, or some other proper hand, in the fall when the ships are
arrived from Ireland.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be given to the commissioner of the
above mentioned congregations.
The affair of the school referred.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the school came under consideration, and allowed that Mr
Smith be paid out of the Synod's fund for the year past, if the trustees of the
German schools be unwilling to pay him, and that for his encouragement for
the ensuing year, he be allowed ten or twelve pounds, provided the trustees of
the German schools refuse to continue their encouragement, as we expect.
Appointed, That the committee for the fund meet at ten o'clock to-morrow
morn in or.
Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer.
224 MINUTES OF THE [1757.
1757.
Philadelphia, May the Ibth, 1757.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to adjournment. Uhi post
prcces sederunt.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Thomson, Tate, Steel, and McMordie.
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Alison, and Kinkead.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, McDowell, Smith, McKcnuaa,
Millar, and Wilson.
Elders : Andrew Thomson, Patrick Campbell, Robert McPherson, John
Cross, Daniel Henderson, James Pagan, llobert McKnight, John Mustard,
Matthew Wallace.
Absent of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Elder, Zanchy, Black, Craig.
'' of Philadelphia : Messrs. Cowell and Guild.
" of New Castle : Messrs. Alison and Gillespie.
The last year's moderator being absent, the Synod was opened by Mr.
Smith, with a sermon on Phil. iii. 8.
Mr. Boyd was chosen moderator, and Mr. Smith clerk.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia inform us, that the Rev. Mr. McHenry is
dead since our last meeting.
The Presbytery of New Castle inform us, that the Rev. Mr. John Millar has
been admitted a member by them since our last.
The reasons of Messrs. Thomson and McMordie for their absence were
sustained.
Ordere<l, That Messrs. Cross, Francis Alison, Steel, Cowell, McDowell,
Tate, McKennan, Smith, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod,
and committee for the fund the ensuing year, and that any three, with the
moderator, be a quorum. The aifair of the fund deferred.
Ordered, That the Presbyteries be more punctual in bringing their books for
the future.
Inquiry being made wdio brought any thing for the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Tate, Boyd, Smith, Cross, INIcKennan, Wilson, brought some. The
afiair of the school deferred. The affair of the Synod's and widows' fund de-
ferred. The consideration of the supplications from Virginia and North Caro-
lina deferred.
According to the Synod's appointment, Messrs. Cross and Alison have ap-
plied to the Honourable Proprietors at home, for a charter in behalf of the
widows' fund, by a petition, which is as follows :
To the Honourable Thomas Penn, and Richard Penn, true and absolute
proprietors of the province of Pennsylvania, and the counties of New Castle,
Kent, and Sussex, upon Delaware.
The petition of the Presbyterian Synod of Philadelphia, humbly sheweth :
That your petitioners have, many of them, lived long in this province with
great satisfaction, and have, all, endeavoured to promote religion, virtue, and
industry, amongst the peojile under our care, and to impress deep on their
minds a lasting sense of their blessings under the best of kings, and in a pro-
vince distinguished for civil and religious liberty.
As our lot is cast among people who are generally in low circumstances,
and many of them forming new settlements in the frontier counties, and, as
we have no other support but a small and very uncertain income from the
good will of our people, joined with our own labour, we have always found it
difficult to make any tolerable provision for our families; and have often, with
sorrow and regret, seen the widows and children of groat and good men, who
wci-e once of our number, very much pinched and distressed by want and
poverty, without being able to afford them suitable relief.
1757.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 225
To remedy these evils, as far as we can in our circumstances, your honours'
petitioners, in imitation of the laudable example of the Church of Scotland,
have agreed to raise a small fund for the benefit of ministers' widows and
helpless children, belonging to this Synod, by obliging ourselves to contribute
a small sum out of our yearly incomes for this purpose. But there are bad
economists in every society, and having begun our fund about a year ago, we
find that those men among us are most backward to pay their quotas, whose
families will stand in most need of relief when they are deadj and, as our
agreement is voluntary, without the aid of a law to oblige us to perform our
engagements, and, as we thought it our duty to lay our proceedings before
your honours, we must humbly intreat you to take our circumstances under
your consideration. You will merit the blessings of the widow and fatherless,
and lay us under the strongest obligations of gratitude and afi'ection, if you be
pleased to make us a corporation by your charter, and enable us to sue and be
sued, and to raise and hold a capital stock not exceeding one thousand pounds
for twenty ministers, and so in proportion for a greater or smaller number, the
interest of which shall be employed yearly, only to relieve the widows and
children of the Presbyterian ministers belonging to the Synod of Philadelphia,
or to assist ministers of our Synod in frontier settlements, or such as by age or
infirmities are not able to get a subsistence.
As the parliament of England granted the like favour to the ministers of the
Church of Scotland, 1743 ; as this will, in all probability, confine our synodi-
cal meetings to this city and province, which some are industriously endea-
vouring to remove to New Jersey ; as some of our number, as well as their
people, who are in great distresses by the barbarity of restless and savage In-
dians, will account it their great comfort and advantage to have such a provi-
sion made for their families, and, as we design to be bui'densome to no body,
but to raise this fund out of our own narrow incomes, and as we can with
great truth assure your honours, that none are more loyal and dutiful subjects
to his majesty, nor more firmly attached to the proprietary family and inter-
ests ; from all these considerations we greatly hope and depend that your
honours will favour us with your countenance and protection, and will be so
good as to give proper instructions to our governor to grant us a charter for
the purposes already mentioned, and your petitioners as in duty bound shall
pray.
Signed by order of the Synod of Philadelphia.
Ordered, That the money already paid continue in the hands of our treasurer
and clerk as formerly, until some answer to this, our petition, be received.
The commissions of the Synods of Philadelphia and New York, met at the
place appointed, and reported to their Synods the result of the conference;
pursuant hereunto the Synod of New York sent us a copy of a minute, request-
ing that commissions of both Synods meet on the Monday next preceding the
meeting of both Synods, according to our agreement, to prepare matters for
both Synods and their happy union.
Ordered, That the commission of our Synod meet with the commission of
the Synod of New York for this purpose, on the Monday immediately before
the meeting of our Synod.
A supplication from Cook's Creek and Pecked Mountain, requesting that
we should receive Mr. Alexander Millar as a member, and that his instalment
be appointed as their pastor in the Lord.
The Synod unanimously agree to receive him as a member, and order, that
Mr. Craig install him accordingly, at some convenient time before the first of
next August.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
29
s
d
£
s
d
0
0
Mr. Smith,
1
0
0
2
0
Mr. Wilson.
0
15
0
226 MINUTES OF THE [1757.
May 26/7/, nine odoch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Uhi j)ost preces sederunt qui supra.
Upon re;iding the absents from Donegal!, it was observed that Messrs.
Black and Craig have neglected attending on the Synod for some considerable
time. Ordered, that Mr, McDowell write to these brethren, and signify that
the Synod expects either that they will attend or write, and that in case of
failure, the Synod will be obliged to disown them as members. Ordered like-
wise, that he write to Mr. Craig, and inform him that Mr. Alexander ^lillar
is received as a member, and that he install him some convenient time befi)re
the first of Augnst next ; and also, that he give him to understand that it is the
judgment of the Synod, that he ought to be content with the bounds fixed by
the committee appointed for that purpose.
The affair of the fund defeiTed.
The several members who brought any thing for the fund, paid the trea-
surer as follows :
£
Mr. McKennan, 1
JMr. Tate, 1
Mr. Boyd, 18 9
The affair of the Synod's and widows' fund deferred.
The consideration of the supplications from Virginia and Carolina resumed.
Ordered, That Mr. Millar supply the following settlements in order, in the
fall, each one Sabbath day, viz : Cather's settlement, Osborn's, Morison's,
Jorsey's on Atkln, Buffler's, Hawfield's, and Baker's settlements. And that
Mr. Craig supply the same settlements, each one Sabbath day in the spring,
together with Brown's, North and South Mountain, and Calf-Pasture settle-
ments in Virginia, each, at least, one Sabbath day before our next Synod,
and that they preach to lesser congregations on week days as often as they
can.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent to these people and to Mr.
Craig, by Mr. Millar, and also by Mr. Tate.
The Synod being informed, that the honourable trustees of the fund for the
German emigrants, &c. in Pennsylvania, have generously received our peti-
tion, requesting their favour and assistance to encourage learning, and to
maintain a school or schools under the care of this Synod, and have trans-
mitted it to the honourable trustees, for the same purpose, in London, and
have recommended the Synod, and their pious and good designs, so effectu-
ally to their regard, that they have been pleased to grant our request, or-
dered, that Messrs. Cross and Alison wait on the honourable trustees at their
next meeting, and, in the name of the Synod, gratefully acknowledge their
favours; and that they do whatever else may be necessary in said affair. And
that, if Mr. Provost Smith come here, Mr. Cross thank him in the name of
the Synod, for the particular regard he has shown, and care he has taken.
The sujiplication from the Great Valley was taken under consideration.
Ordered, that Mr. Alison supply the Great Valley in the month of September,
and administer the sacrament; that Mr. Steel supply two Sabbaths before
our next; Mr. McKennan the third of July, and Mr. Guild the second of
August and the second Sabbath of November, and Mr. Cowell the first of
March. Ordered, that the Sabbath immediately before the Synod, Mr. Tate
supply the Great Valley, and Mr. Smith, Norrington.
Adjourned to four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1757.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 227
At four oWoclt^ P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. U hi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. William Smith, Provost of the College of Philadelphia,
waited on the Synod ; when ]\Ir. Cross, according to order, returned the thanks
of the Synod to him for his particular care and pains taken, in transmitting
our petition to the honourable trustees of the fund for the German emigrants in
London ; which Messrs. Cross and Alison had presented to the honourable
trustees in this province, to be, for the approbation of the honourable trustees
there, by them transmitted thither, and which is as follows :
To the trustees general of the society schools for the instruction of poor
Germans, &c. in Pennsylvania, and the adjacent British colonies, the petition
of the Synod of Philadelphia humbly showeth,
That we, your petitioners, opened a public school about twelve years ago,
when learning was under great discouragements, and opportunities of educa-
tion scarce in this and the neighbouring provinces, and gave instructions
gratis for some years, to all ranks and denominations that pleased to accept of
the same.
That we have still continued to instruct cheap, and the poor for nothing,
and have had the pleasure to see a number educated under our care, who have
been of public service. As there is a fair prospect of making this province
the seat of learning in this part of the world, we think it would contribute
much to the growth of the College in this city, to support and encourage
schools in the country, to provide them with able masters, and to keep them
under proper directions.
And as you are engaged in an useful undertaking of this nature, your peti-
tioners have made bold to plead for your countenance, and some assistance to
enable us to continue our school. We have the juster reasons to hope for
this favour, because our school has been as free to the Germans as any other
nation, and two of the present reformed German ministers, born in this coun-
try, were educated there ; and because your petitioners understand that our
mother church of Scotland have greatly promoted the charity under your
management.
That we may share your bounty in a way agr»eable to your generous plan,
we propose to remove our school to Chesuut Level, where some poor Dutch
scattered in that neighbourhood, may have their children taught gratis to read
and write English, if favoured with your assistance, and we will also teach a
certain number of Germans the Latin and Greek languages, in order to pre-
pare them for the ministry, if they apply for this advantage. And as the
German inhabitants about the river Susquehannah and the lower parts of Con-
estoga are wealthy, and may have lodgings cheap in a country place, we doubt
not but they will be encouraged to send their sons to our, as well as any public
school.
As our request seems agreeable to the pious design of the donors, who
support your good and useful institution ; and as it may be greatly serviceable
to the interests of religion, virtue, and learning, in this province, your peti-
tioners entertain great expectations from your generosity and goodness. And,
indeed, our circumstances are so low, that we are no longer able to bear the
necessary expenses, but must dismiss our school, unless we can procure some
assistance.
Your petitioners have ordered Messrs. Cross and Alison to wait on you
with this petition and receive your instructions. If you find it is agreeable to
your public design, we earnestly request, that you would be pleased at pre-
228 MINUTES OF THE [1757.
sent, to grant us some assistance, and that you recommend us to the society
in England for the time to come. And your petitioners as in duty bound shall
pray.
Signed, by order of the Synod, by
William Donaldson, Synod clerk.
June Id, 1755.
The Provost presented to the Synod the resolves of the trustees upon the
Synod's address, which are as follows :
June 14('7t, 1755.
Met at Mr. Allen's house near Germantowu, the following trustees, viz :
Messrs. Allen, Peters, Franklin, and Smith.
And, taking into their consideration, the aforesaid petition of the Synod of
Philadelphia, were under some difficulty how to act concerning it. On the
one hand they thought, that to grant the petition in favour of an English Sy-
nod, might give offence to the Germans, who generally considered this charity
as intended solely for their own particular benefit. The trustees were also of
opinion that it did not fall directly under the great design for promoting the
English tongue among the Germans. But they considered on the other hand,
the pleas urged by the petitioners. They knew it to be a truth, that the Sy-
nod of Philadelphia, at a time when ignorance, even among the ministry, was
like to overrun the whole province, had begun, and with much difficulty, long
supported a public school under the Rev. ]Mr. Francis Alison ; and that many
able ministers, and some of them Dutch, had been educated in the said school.
The trustees were also of opinion, that it was no small argument in favour of
the petitioners, that the mother church of Scotland had contributed so largely
to this useful charity, and that, if any future application to said church should
be necessary, the interest and recommendation of the Synod of Philadelphia
might be useful in that respect, as well as in countenancing the several schools
in their present infant state, and educating, according to their proposal, some
young men for the Dutch ministry, gratis.
In consideration of all which, it was resolved to grant twenty-five pounds
currency for one year to assist the said Synod to support their said public
school on the following terms, viz :
1. That it shall be under the same common government with the other free
schools, and be subject to the visitations of the trustees general or their depu-
ties, appointed upon the recommendation of the Synod.
2. That the master shall teach four Dutch or English gratis, upon the re-
commendation of the trustees general, to be prepared for the ministry, and ten
poor Dutch children in the English tongue gratis, if so many offer.
3. That the deputy trustees, together with the master, and any of the clergy,
visit the school, at least once a quarter, and send down a statement thereof to
be transmitted by the general trustees to the honourable society.
Agreed that this case be transmitted to the honourable society, to obtain their
directions thereupon.
Ordered, That the terms of the trustees be oomplied with ; and that Messrs.
Boyd and McDowell, Moses Irwin, James ^Marshal, IMartin Beam, and Jacob
Graft, be recommended as deputy trustees for the ensuing year, and visit the
school every (juarter, the third Tuesday, commencing with the third Tuesday
of August next, if the trustees general approve.
Ordered, That Messrs. IMillar and Smith draw up some reasons for a general
fast within our bounds, against our ne.xt.
'Tis agreed that the school be continued under Mr. Smith's care for another
year, with the usual encouragement from the (}erman schools.
The affair of the fund deferred. The consideration of the fast deferred.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1758.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 229
May 21th. Nine d clock, A. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The members appointed to draw up reasons for a general fast within our
bounds, brought them in, and they were read and amended as follows :
The Synod taking under serious consideration the melancholy state of the
British dominions, and their allies, the danger of the Protestant interest in
general, and particularly of the English colonies of America, arising from the
formidable combination of antichristian powers in Europe, and the shocking
depredations and barbarities of the heathen on our borders, influenced and
abetted by the perfidious, restless enemies of our civil and religious liberties j
as also the abounding profanity and wickedness of all ranks and degrees of
men ; the awful contempt cast upon the glorious gospel of Christ, not only by
the professed infidelity of its open adversaries, but likewise by the unbelief,
hypocrisy, uncharitableness, and loose practices of its professed friends ; and
being deeply sensible of, and affected with, the ungrateful abuse and misim-
provement of the many privileges we have long enjoyed; our peace, plenty,
and liberty having been turned into wantonness, pride, and licentiousness ;
and being firmly persuaded that for these things God is testifying his displea-
sure against us, both at home and abroad, by a calamitous war, in which we
are involved, while an amazing insensibility generally prevails under the pre-
sent gloomy appearances of Divine Providence, and a want of public spirit,
and zeal for the common good ; do, for these and the like reasons, recommend
the twenty-third day of June next, to be observed by the people belonging to
the Synod, as a day of public humiliation, fasting, and prayer, throughout
their bounds, to bewail our aggravated and crying sins, to deprecate the de-
served wrath of heaven, and to implore the divine mercy and forgiveness;
that the Spirit of grace may be poured out upon us ; that, as a people, we
may turn unto the Lord by a sincere repentance; that God would preserve
and bless our gracious king, direct his counsels, go forth with his fleets and
armies, and also those of his allies, and crown them with success ; that he
would guard and defend our sea coasts and frontiers against all the designs of
our enemies ; that he would preserve to us our invaluable liberties, both civil
and religious; that he would yet bless us with fruitful seasons, mercifully
heal all our divisions, and cause our present confusions happily to terminate
in the glorious advancement of the peaceful kingdom of our Lord Jesus
Christ. Accordingly it is ordered, that all our ministers represent these
things to the people under our care, and excite them to these solemn exercises,
and, for that end, suit their sermons and prayers, on that day, to the important
occasion.
Signed, by order of the Synod, by
Adam Boyd, Moderator.
Ordered, That the commission for the fund meet immediately at Mr.
Cross's.
Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer.
1758.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
At Philadelphia, May 24:th, 1758. Ubi post preces sederunt
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, Cowell, Guild,
Kinkead.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Tate, Steel.
230 • MINUTES OF THE [1758.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, McDowell, Hector Alison, Smith,
Millar, McKenuan.
Elders : John Johnston, James Piper, James Kerr, Moses Irvin, James
Edwards.
Absent of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Gillespie and Wilson.
" of Donegall : Messrs. Zanchy, Elder, Thomson, McMordie, Black,
Craig, Alexander Miller.
Dr. Alison opened the Synod with a sermon on Eph. iv. 1 — 8.
Mr. Smith chosen moderator, Mr. Millar clerk.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, Cowell, Steel, Tate, Boyd,
McDowell, Hector Alison, McKennan, and the moderator, be the commission
of the Synod, and committee for the fund for the ensuing year, and that three,
with the moderator, be a quorum.
Inquiry being made who had brought any thing for the fund, it was found
that Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Smith, Hector Alison, Miller, McKennan, Guild,
Tate, had brought.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at Mr. Cross's house to-
morrow morning at eight o'clock.
Adjourned to three o'clock in the afternoon to-morrow. Concluded Avith
prayer.
May 25tli, at three o'clock. Ubi post preces sederunt qui sypra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The commission of this Synod report, that they met with the commission of
the Synod of New York on Monday last, according to the appointment of last
Synod; and, that after mutual conference on the afiiiir of uniting the two
Synods, a plan of union was formed by the two commissions, which they agreed
should be proposed to each Synod.
The plan was read, and considered for some time, and the further considera-
tion of it deferred till to-morrow.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning, and concluded with prayer.
3Iai/ 26, at nine o'clock, A. M. V hi p>ost p>reccs sederunt qui svpra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The plan of union was further considered.
A letter was ordered to be wrote to the llev. Dr. Willi;mi Leechman, Profes-
sor of Divinity in the University of Glasgow, which was done, and is as fol-
lows:
Philadclp)hia, May 29ih, 1758.
Very Bevercnd Sir, — Though we have not the honour of personal acquaint-
ance with you, yet your distinguished character and praises in the churches of
Christ, and eminent station in the University of Glasgow, are well known to us,
and to the churches in these American colonies, and we would much esteem a
correspondence with you, if your more important affairs might allow it. "We
presume to give you this trouble now, requesting you to accept for yourself, and
to present to the learned Professors of the University our grateful acknowledg-
ments for the late mark of your regard to the llev. Mr. Francis Alison, a mem-
ber of this Synod, in conferring a degree of Doctor of Divinity upon him. He is
a gentleman of good character, a public spirit, and well esteemed as a preacher.
He has been very industrious and successful in promoting learning in this part
of the world, both before and since he was called to a public station in the col-
lege and academy in this city ; and we hope he will ever behave so as to deserve
your regard. Such honours conferred on men of confessed worth here, may
1758.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA, 231
mucli encourage learning and public usefulness, and may be of service to our
church, as we have another denomination among us, whose ministers are fre-
' quently honoured with such titles. We shall ever think it an honour to our
Synod to enjoy the fiivour of that university, and particularly of Dr. Leechman.
We are, Reverend Sir, your very obliged^ humble servants.
Signed by order of the Synod of Philadelphia, by
Sampson Smith, Moderator.
Upon reading the answer given by the trustees of the German schools in this
province, Mr. Cross informed that the honourable trustees general, in England,
had complied with the Synod's petition, as appears by an extract of a letter
from them to the Rev. William Smith, one of the trustees here, which was laid
before the Synod, and was as follows :
Extract of Dr. Chandler's letter to the Rev. Mr. Smith, received by Mr.
Smith, September 14th, 1757.
"Nov. 27th, last, upon the petition of the Synod of Pennsylvania, and the
recommendation of our trustees, we have agreed to allow thirty pounds sterling
per annum, toward the support of the school mentioned to be erected by them,
from midsummer before that date. And I have purchased and packed up,
among other books, a large number of English Primers and Spelling Books for
their use, and that of the German children, which I hope will soon be sent over
to you ; as soon, at least, as I can get a safe conveyance."
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, McDowell, and the moderator, be a
committee to settle with Provost Smith, the accounts of the annual donation
of the honourable trustees to the Synod.
Agreed that the school be continued under Mr. Smith's care for another year,
with the usual encouragement from the fund for the German schools.
Adjourned to three o'clock, and concluded with prayer.
At three o'docJc, P. 31. The Si/iiod met, et post preces sederunt qui
sup7-a.
Agreed by the Synod, at Mr. Cross's request, that the box belonging to
the Synod's fund, and all pertaining thereto, be put into Dr, Alison's hand in
trust.
The consideration of the plan of union was resumed, and some alterations
proposed. And the Synod being informed that a committee had been appointed
by the two commissioners to prepare the first draught of this plan, to wit,
Messrs, Hector Alison, Miller, Smith, and McDowell, of our members, with
Messrs. Bostwick, Davis, Samuel Finley, and Blair, of the other commission :
Ordered, That Mr. McDowell go and inform the Synod of New York, now sit-
ting, that this Synod has considered the plan for union, and desires, when they
have likewise done so, the same committee may meet, and communicate to each
other the corrections proposed in each Synod.
Mr. McDowell presently returned, and reports that the Synod of New York
agreed to the motion.
Ordered, That the committee meet accordingly to-morrow.
Adjourned till nine o'clock on Monday morning, and concluded with prayer.
Mai/ 20th, at nine o'clock on Monday morning the St/nod met, et post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Our members of the committee appointed to meet with those of New York
Synod, report that they met on Saturday last, and communicated the amend-
ments proposed by each Synod in the plan of union, and conferred upon them.
232 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. [1758.
Ordered, That these members lay the amendments proposed by the Synod of
New York before this Synod, which they did.
The Synod considered them, and agreed they shouki be allowed.
Ordered, That the same members of the above mentioned committee inform
the Synod of New Y'ork of this agreement.
Tlie members went and informed them accordingly, and soon returned, and
acquainted this Synod that the Synod of New York had also agreed to admit
the amendments proposed in this Synod, and therefore thought the affair was
now ripe for the two Synods to meet together and complete the agreement.
The plan as now prepared was finally put to the vote, and was unanimously
approved as a satisfactory plan for uniting upon.
Agreed that this Synod meet with the Synod of New l^ork at three o'clock,
P. M. and that this be notified to them.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M., and concluded with prayer.
K. B. At three d clock, P. M. the two Synods met.
The plan of union was now read before them, and unanimously agreed to.
The Synods being now united, a new book was opened, and the whole plan
and articles of union entered, as may be seen in that book, where the minutes
of the new united Synod are recorded.
The party which withdrew from the Synod of Philadelphia, the reasons and
manner of whose secession are stated in the foregoing records, subsequently
formed themselves into a Synod, under the style of the Synod of New Y'ork,
embracing the Presbyteries of New Y'ork, New Brunswick and New Castle.
Their first meeting was held in the year 1745, and their last in 1758, at which
time a re-union of the two parties was effected as above recited. The minutes
of this body form the next link in the documentary history of the Presbyterian
Church in the United States.
PART THIRD.
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK,
FROM A. D. 1745 TO 1758.
1745.
Elizabethtown, New Jersey, September 19i7i, 1745.
The ministers and elders whose names are presently to be inserted, convened
and formed themselves into a Synod, under the name or title of the Synod of
New York.
Ministers of the Presbytery of New York : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson,
John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Simon Horton, Aaron Burr, Azariah
Horton, Timothy Jones, Eliab Byram, Robert Sturgeon.
Ministers of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Joseph
Lamb, William Tennent, Richard Treat, James McCrea, William Robinson,
David Youngs, Charles Beatty, Charles McKnight.
Ministers of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly,
Charles Tennent, John Blair.
Elders : Joseph Woodruife, Nathaniel Hazard, Joseph Prudden, Benjamin
Leonard, John Ayres, Samuel Hazard, Robert Cummins, John Craig, Richard
Walker, Peter Peryen, John Love, Alexander Moody.
The ministers and elders before mentioned, first considered and agreed
upon the following articles, as the plan and foundation of their synodical
union.
1. They agree that the Westminster Confession of Faith, with the Larger
and Shorter Catechisms, be the public confession of their faith in such manner
as was agreed unto by the Synod of Philadelphia, in the year 1729 ; and to be
inserted in the latter end of this book. And they declare their approbation of
the Directory of the Assembly of Divines at Westminster, as the general plan
of worship and discipline.
2. They agree that in matters of discipline, and those things that relate to
the peace and good order of our churches, they shall be determined according
to the major vote of ministers and elders, with which vote every member
shall actively concur or pacifically acquiesce : but if any member cannot in
conscience agree to the determination of the majority, but supposes himself
obliged to act contrary thereunto, and the Synod think themselves obliged to
insist upon it as essentially necessary to the well-being of our churches, in that
case such dissenting member promises peaceably to withdraw from the body,
without endeavouring to raise any dispute or contention upon the debated point,
or any unjust alienation of aifection from them.
3. If any member of their body supposes that he hath any thing to object
against any of his brethren with respect to error in doctrine, immorality in life,
or negligence in his ministry, he shall not on any account, propagate the scan-
dal, until the person objected against is dealt with according to the rules of the
gospel, and the known methods of their discipline.
30 (233)
234 MINUTES OF TIIE [1745.
4. They agree, that all who have a competent degree of ministerial knowledge,
are orthodox in their doctrine, regular in their lives, and diligent in their en-
deavours to promote the important designs of vital godliness, and that will sub-
mit to their discipline, shall be cheerfully admitted into their communion.
And they do also agree, that in order to avoid all divisive methods among
their ministers and congi-egations, and to strengthen the discipline of Christ in
the churches in these parts, they will maintain a correspondence with the Synod
of Philadelphia in this their first meeting, by appointing two of their members
to meet with the said Synod of Philadelphia at their next convention, and to
concert with them such measures as may best promote the precious interests of
Christ's kingdom in these parts.
And that they may in no respect encourage any factious separating practices
or principles ; they agree that they will not intermeddle with judicially hearing
the complaints, or with supplying with ministers and candidates such parties of
men, as shall separate from any Presbyterian or Congregational churches, that
are not within their bounds, unless the matters of controversy be submitted to
their jurisdiction or advice by both parties. Thereupon,
The Synod opened by prayer. Mr. Jonathan Dickinson chosen moderator,
Mr. Ebenezer Pemberton chosen clerk.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
20th da}/, at nine of the clock, ante meridiem. Post preccs sederunt qui
supra.
Ordered, That the moderator and Mr. Pierson do correspond with the Synod
of Philadelphia at their next session.
Ordered, That Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Blair, and Ebenezer Pember-
ton, do draw up a testimony to the work of God's glorious grace, which has
been carried on in these parts of the land, and bring it in for the approbation of
the Synod at their next sederunt.
The circumstances of Virginia being brought under consideration, and the
wide door that is opened for the preaching of the gospel in these parts, with a
hopeful prospect of success, the Synod are unanimously of the opinion, that 3Ir.
Ptobinson is the most suitable person to be sent among them, and accortlingly
they do earnestly recommend it to him to go down and help them as soon as his
circumstances will permit him, and reside there for some months.
An interloquitur of the ministers of the Synod appointed to meet at half an
hour past two,^w6< meridiem.
The Synod adjourned till four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Four of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The interloquitur met according to appointment.
Messrs. Tennent, Pemberton, and Blair, brought in a testimony to the work
of God's grace among us, according to appointment, which was unanimously
approved. But the original being lost it cannot be inserted here.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
21.S/ dai/, at nine of the cloeh, A. 3r. Post preces sederunt qui stiqn-a.
Messrs. Pieison, Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Burr, Samuel Blair,
Finly, Pemberton, and the moderator, are appointed to be a commission of the
Synod for the ensuing year.
The Synod adjourned to the second Wednesday of October, 174G, and then
to meet at New York. Concluded with prayer.
1746-7.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 235
1746.
The Synod convened according to appoiatment,
J^eiv York, October Qth, 1746. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly, Aaron
Burr, Azariah Horton, Charles Beatty, Charles McKnight, John Boan, Ebe-
nezer Pemberton.
Elders : Messrs. Bichard Walker, William Eagles.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Joseph Lamb, Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent,
Bichard Treat, James McCrea, David Youngs, Charles Tennent, John Blair,
David Bostwick, Thomas Arthur, John Grant, Andrew Hunter, John Pierson,
Eliab Byram, Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, David Brainerd, Bobert Sturgeon,
Eleazer Wales, and William Dean.
The Synod was opened by a sermon from Psal. xxiv. 4, preached by Mr.
Dickinson, the last year's moderator.
Mr. Pemberton chosen moderatox", Mr. Finly clerk.
The Synod is informed that most of the absent members were upon their
journey to New Y^ork to attend the Synod, but were prevented through appre-
hensions of the small pox and other difficulties.
Our Beverend brother, Mr. William Bobinson, is departed this life since our
last meeting.
The small pox prevailing in Philadelphia in May last, prevented Messrs.
Dickinson and Pierson from corresponding with the Synod of Philadelphia at
their last meting, but they wrote to them and received an answer.
The same members appointed to be a commission of the Synod this year, who
were the last.
A supplication and call for a minister from Hanover in Virginia, was brought
into the Synod and read ; the Synod doth earnestly recommend the assisting of
said people, to the Presbyteries of New Brunswick and New Castle.
The Synod considering the present fewness of ruling elders attending the
Synod, doth recommend it to all their members to endeavour to bring elders
with them.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, and then to meet at Maid-
enhead. Concluded with prayer.
1747.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Maidenhead, May 20<7i, 1747. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, John Pierson, Ebenezer, Pemberton,
Simon Horton, Azariah Horton, David Bostwick, John Grant, Timothy Jones,
Eliab ]5yram, Thomas Arthur, Jacob Green, Nathaniel Tucker, Joseph Lamb,
Gilbert Tennent, Bichard Treat, James McCrea, James Campbel, James Daven-
port, Charles McKnight, Charles Beatty, iindrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence,
Samuel Sacket, Samuel Blair, Johfi Blair, William Dean, John Boan, and
Samuel Finley.
Elders : Messrs. Joseph Prudden, Ebenezer Byram, John Lyle, John Ayres,
Thomas Bourn, David Parry, Ephraim Lockert, Bobert Smith, Bobert English,
John Grey, Francis Brewster, Daniel Mills, John Smith, Samuel Sturgeon, and
Hugh Kirkpatrick.
Ministers absent : Aaron Burr, David Y^'oungs, Timothy Syms, Bobert
236 MINUTES OF THE [1748.
Sturgeon, David Braincrd, William Tennent, Eleazer "Wales, Charles Tennent,
Hutchinson, and Davis.
Mr. Pcmberton, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon on
Acts iv. 29.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent chosen moderator, Mr. Treat clerk.
Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson, Burr, Lamb, "William Tennent,
Samuel Blair, Finly, Charles Tennent, and the moderator, are appointed to be
the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
A letter was brought into the Synod from the new settlements in "\^irginia,
requesting a minister might be sent to preach the gospel, &c. unto them.
The Synod appoints Mr. Byram to go to said people some time in next Sep-
tember, and spend some time with them, and appoints the Presbytery of New
York to supply his people with preaching during his absence. And the Synod
doth, moreover, appoint Messrs. Dickinson and Pemberton to write to Mr.
Bewel, in order to procure him to accompany Mr. Byram in said journey.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead at
two of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1748.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Maidenhead, May the ISth, 1748. ZTbi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Azariah Ilorton, Jacob Green, Timothy Syms, Joseph
Lamb, James McCrea, John Brainerd, Charles McKnight, James Davenport,
Eliab Byram, Gilbert Tennent, Andrew Hunter, llichard Treat, Charles
Beatty, James Campbel, Daniel Lawrence, John Blair, John Roan.
Elders : Messrs. Ephraim Price, Brice llickey, John Craig, Samuel
Hazard, Isaac Mills, Cornelius Wyukoop, John Grey, Bobert Smith, David
"Wilson.
INIinisters absent : Messrs. Robert Sturgeon, John Pierson, Ebenezcr Pem-
berton, Simon Horton, Aaron Burr, David Bostwick, John (iraut, Thomas
Arthur, David Youngs, Timothy Jones, Samuel Sacket, William Tennent,
Eleazer "Wales, Job Prudden, Thomas Lewis, Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly,
"William Dean, Samuel Davis, Andrew Sterling, Andrew Bay and Charles
Tennent.
Mr. Lamb chosen moderator, Mr. John Blair clerk.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a
sermon from Bom. xi. 86.
The llcv. Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, David Brainerd, and Nathaniel
Tucker, have been removed by death since our last meeting.
The last year's minutes not being present, the Synod is necessitated to pro-
ceed as well as they can without tliem.
Mr. ]iyram fultilled his appointment in going to Virginia, but Mr. Bewel
could not be obtained to accompany him.
The Presbytery of Suffolk county, on Long-Island, having, by their dele-
gate Mr. Ebenezcr Prime, desired to be admitted as members of this Synod
with the proviso, that one or two of their members in all time to come, be
allowed the privilege of representing them in the Synod, and acting for them
as delegates ; and likewise, that some members of New York Presbytery,
might join them in their Presbytcrial judicatories. In -answer to M'hich, the
Synod does signify that they are willing to make all reasonable allowances for
the absence of their members, who live far distant from the place of their con-
vention, and when the Synod shall, on the account of their growing number
and distant abode, conclude to form any of its sessions of delegates, they will
1749.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 237
readily admit that Reverend Presbytery to the common privilege of their body ;
before which, we judge it would be UDprecedented and unequal, and of bad
tendency.
If the Reverend Presbytery aforesaid is pleased to join with us on the
aforesaid terms, then we declare our willingness to receive them, and that such
of the Presbytery of New York who live on Long Island, as are inclined to it,
may join with them as members.
A call was brought into the Synod, to be presented to the Rev. Mr. Dean,
from the congregations of Timber Ridge and forks of James's River ; the Sy-
nod refer the consideration thereof to the Presbytery of New Castle, to which
Mr. Dean doth belong, and do recommend it to said Presbytery to meet at Mr.
Dean's meeting-house on Wednesday next upon said aiBfair, and that Mr. Dean
and his people be speedily apprized of it.
A call was brought into the Synod from Falling Spring and New Providence,
to be presented to Mr. Byram, the acceptance of which he declined.
A supplication for supplies, and in particular for the opportunity of a pro-
bationer from Cedar Creek and Opeken, was brought into the Sjmod, and
also, a supplication for relief from a person who had suffered loss by fire; the
consideration of both which is deferred until the next sederunt.
Adjourned to ten of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
19^74 daij, at ten of the clock, A. 31. Fast preces sederunt qui supra,
Together with Mr. Charles Tennent.
Application was made to the Synod in behalf of the lower counties in and
adjacent to Maryland, for supplies.
Motion was made to the Synod in behalf of Cape May, in order to have
some provision made for the settlement of a minister there.
A supplication was brought in from Augusta county in Virginia,
^ With respect to the supplication for a charitable contribution, the Synod
judges that it is an affair belonging to the civil magistrate, but does not belong
to them to transact any thing synodically about it.
The Synod proceeded to consider the motion respecting Cape May, and in
order to the relief of that people, the Synod doth recommend to the Presby-
tery of New Brunswick, to send down Mr. Lawrence immediately for a few
Sabbaths, and also recommends to the Presbytery of New Castle, to take Mr.
Hugh Henry speedily under trials, and in case of his licensure by said Pres-
bytery, the Synod appoint said Presbytery, to send him directly down to said
people, to supply there some time upon trial for settlement, if Divine Provi-
dence clear the way.
In answer to the supplication from the people in Augusta county, the Synod
appoints Mr. Cummins to go there in the fall for some time, and they appoint
Mr. Hunter to go into the lower counties, &c. the fii-st of September, and
preach there four Sabbaths.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead at
eleven of the clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1749.
The Synod met at Maidenhead according to appointment,
May the 17th, 1749. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers: Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Aaron Burr
James Davenport, David Youngs, Thomas Arthur, John Brainerd, Gilbert
Tennent, Richard Treat, James Campbell, Charles Beatty, Samuel Sacket
Timothy Allen, James McCrea, Thomas Lewie, Andrew Hunter, Daniel
238 MNUTES OF THE [1749.
Lawrence, John Koan, Samuel Davis, Andrew Bay, John Rogers, Samuel
Finly.
Elders : Messrs. John Lyle, Samuel Hazard, Hugh Marten, Thomas Logan,
Daniel Grant, Hugh Kirkpatrick.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Simon Horton, Azariah Ilorton, David Bostwick,
Timotliy Jones, Eliab Byram, Tiiuotliy Synis, John Grant, Jacob Green, Aaron
Richards, Caleb Smith, Silas Leonard, Joseph Lamb, William Tennent, Eli^azer
Wales, Charles McKuight, Job Prudden, Robert Sturgeon, Samuel and John
Blair, Charles Tennent, Andrew Sterling.
Mr. Lamb, the last year's moderator, being absent, Mr. Gilbert Tennent
opened the Synod by a sermon on 2 Cor. v. IL
Mr. Piersou chosen moderator, Mr. Finly clerk.
Mr. Elihu Spencer is admitted to sit in the Synod as correspondent.
The members absent the last year, and now present, gave their reasons for
their absence, which were sustained.
The Rev. Mr. Dean has been removed by death since our last meeting.
The Presbytery of Suffolk, by their delegate Mr. James Brown, signified
to the Synod their acceptance of the terms proposed to them the last session,
and said Presbytery are accordingly admitted into our Synod, in consequence
whereof Mr. Ebenezer Prime and Mr. James Brown, members of said Presby-
tery being present, are now admitted to sit in the Synod as members.
And the Synod recommends to those members of New York who dwell upon
Long Island, to join the Presbytery of Suffolk as members thereof.
Mr. Cummins fulfilled the appointment of our last in going to Virginia.
Mr. Hunter was prevented of fulfilling his appointments by reason of sick-
ness.
Motion was made by some members for making proposals for an union with
the Synod of I'hiladelphia, the further consideration of which is deferred till
the next scJn-unt.
Adjourned to seven of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
\^th day, at seven of the dock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui sttpra.
The motion for making proposals of union to the Synod of Philadelphia,
reassumed, and after much reasoning upon it, it was carried by a great majority
of votes, that proposals for an union be made to the Synod of Philadelphia in
the following words, viz :
The Synod of New York are deeply sensible of the many unhappy conse-
quences that flow from our present divided state, and have with pleasure ob-
served a spirit of moderation increasing between many of the members of both
Synods; tiiis opens a door of hope, that if we were united in one body, we
might Joe able to carry on the designs of religion in future peace and agree-
ment to our mutual satisfaction ; and though we retain the same sentiments of
the work of God which we formerly did, yet we esteem mutual forbearance
our duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith and Directory of
Worship. We would, therefore, humbly prt)pose to our brethren of the Synod
of Philadelphia, that all our former difl'erences be buried in perpetual oblivion,
and that for the time to come, both Synods be united into one, and that hence-
forth there be no contentions among us ; but to carry towards each other in the
most peaceable and brotherly manner, which we arc persuaded will be for the
honour of our Master, the credit of our profession, and the edification of the
churches committed to our care. Accordingly we appoint the Rev. Messrs.
John Pierson, Gilbert Tennent, Ebenezer Pcmbcrton, and Aaron Burr, to be
our delegates to wait upon the Synod of I'hiladelphia with these proposals.
1750.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 239
And if the Synod of Philadelphia see meet to join with us in this design, and
•will please to appoint a commission to meet for that purpose, we appoint the
Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Aaron Burr, Gilbert and
William Tennent, Richard Treat, Samuel or John Blair, John Roan, Samuel
Finly, Ebenezer Prime, David Bostwick, and James Brown, (whom we appoint
a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year,) to meet with the commission
of the Synod of Philadelphia, at such time and place as they shall choose, to
determine the aifair of the union, agreeable to the preliminary articles con-
cluded upon by this Synod ; and it is agreed that any other of our members
who shall please to meet with the commission, shall have liberty of voting and
acting in said affair equally with the members of said commission. Which
articles proposed as a general plan of union are as follows, viz :
1. To preserve the common peace, we would propose that all names of
distinction which have been made use of in the late times, be for ever abo-
lished.
2. That every member assent unto and adopt the Confession of Faith and
Directory, according to the plan formerly agreed to by the Synod of Philadel-
phia in the years .
3. That every member promise, that after any question has been deteTmined
by the major vote, he will actively concur or passively submit to the judgment
of the body ; but if his conscience permit him to do neither of these, that then
he shall be obliged peaceably to withdraw from our Synodical communion,
without any attempt to make a schism or division among us. Yet this is not
intended to extend to any cases but those which the Synod judges essential in
matters of doctrine or discipline.
4. That all our respective congregations and vacancies be acknowledged as
congregations belonging to the Synod, but continue under the care of the same
Presbytery as now they are, until a favourable opportunity presents for an
advantageous alteration.
5. That we all agree to esteem and treat it as a censurable evil, to accuse any
of our members of error in doctrine or immorality in conversation, any other-
wise than by private reproof, till the accusation has been brought before a
regular judicature and issued according to the known rules of our discipline.
Upon a representation of the desolate circumstances of Virginia and Mary-
land, the Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Prime, Davenport, Youngs, and
-Spencer, to write to the Eastern Association of Fairfield county, in Connecticut,
requesting them, if possible, to send some minister or ministers, to supply some
time in those southern provinces. Also, Mr. Davenport is appointed, if he
recovers a good state of health, to go and supply in Virginia.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead,
unless a different time and place be appointed by the commission. Concluded
with prayer.
1750.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Maidenhead, May 16//i, 1750. U hi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Aaron Burr, Eliab
Byram, David Bostwick, Jacob Green, Caleb Smith, Thomas Arthur, Aaron
Richards, James Davenport, Richard Treat, William Tennent, Charles McKnight,
James McCrea, Timothy Allen, Thomas Lewis, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Law-
rence, Israel Read, Samuel Sacket, Samuel Blair, John Blair, John Roan,
Samuel Davis, Andrew Bay, John Rogers, Azariah Ilorton.
Elders : Messrs. Peter Beach, Cornelius Wynkoop, Robert Cummins, Richard
240 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
Walker, William Lynn, Moses Hallam, Joseph Peck, William Boyd, Samuel
Morris, William Murphey.
Jlinistcrs absent : Messrs. Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, Enos Ayres,
Timothy Syms, John Braincrd, John Grant, Elihu Spencer, Robert Sturgeon,
Gilbert Teiinent, Samuel Finly, Charles Tennent, Andrew Sterling, James
Campbell, and all of the Presbytery of Suffolk except Azariab Ilorton.
Mr. Pierson, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from
Colos. i. 18.
Mr. William Tennent chosen moderator, Mr. Arthur clerk.
The reasons sent in excuse for the present absence of Messrs. Charles Ten-
nent, Samuel Finly, and Simon Ilorton, are sustained.
The llev. Mr. Lamb is removed by death since our last session.
The minutes of our last session could not be obtained at present, and there-
fore the Synod was necessitated to proceed without them.
Ordered, That any member of the Synod who may have them, or any other
of the minutes of this Synod since its first erection, in their keeping, take care
to produce them at the next session.
The committee appointed by the last Synod to wait upon the Synod of
Philadelphia, with a preliminary plan for an union, make report that they
complied with said appointment, and in consequence thereof a commission of
both Synods agreed to meet at Trenton, the first Wednesday of October, 1749,
and met accordingly.
Ordered, That the minutes of that meeting be laid before the Synod, which
being done, the Synod ordered them to be inserted in their minutes, and they
are as follows, viz.
" Trenton, October 4<7t, 1749.
" Met according to an agreement between the commissioners of the Synod
of New York and the Synod of Philadelphia, the commission of both Synods
to treat upon an overture of union between the said Synods, oflfered to the Synod
of Philadelphia by the Synod of New York.
" Present of the Synod of Philadelphia : Messrs. Cross, Alison, Cathcart,
Boyd, McIIenry, Cowell, Griffith, and Thom.
"Of the Synod of New York: Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Gilbert and
William Tennent, Treat, Samuel and John Blair, Lewis, Finly, lloau, and
Arthur.
" N. B. In the appointment of the commission of the Synod of New York,
liberty was expressly granted to any of their members, though not in com-
mission, to attend and have equal liberty of voting with the commissioners if
they were inclined so to do.
'^Post jireces sederunt qui supra, with divers members of the Synod of New
York.
" Mr. David Cowell was chosen moderator, Mr. Thomas Arthur clerk.
" Several members of the Synod of New York, that had not been present
at forming the general plan for an union, moved that before the commissioners
entered upon the affair of the union, they might have a private conference with
the members of their own Synod, that they might be fully acquainted with each
other's sentiments relating to the union, and also further inform themselves as
to the general concessions made in the aforesaid plan, or preliminary articles,
or by their committee ; which motion was granted.
"Adjourned to eight of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
1750.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 241
^^ Thursday, 5th day, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
"The commissioners of the Synod of New York considering the protest
of the Synod of Philadelphia, whereby they excluded from their communion
the Presbytery of New Brunswick and their adherents, as one principal bar
to an union, waiving all other matters, immediately insisted that said protest
should, by some authentic and formal act of the Synod of Philadelphia, be
made null and void. The debates on this head arose very high, and there
appearing no prospect of accommodating matters, the commissioners of both
Synods came unanimously into this conclusion, viz. That whereas certain
difficulties arose in the conversation of the commissioners of both Synods,
they came finally and unanimously into this agreement, that both Synods at
their next sessions do more fully prepare proposals for an accommodation,
and interchange said proposals, and that in the mean time, there be a mutual
endeavour to cultivate a spirit of candour and friendship. At the same time
these three principal things were especially recommended to the consideration
of their respective Synods. 1. The protest. 2. That paragraph about essen-
tials. 3. Of Presbyteries. Concluded with prayer."
The affair of the union was taken under consideration, according to the
conclusion of the commissioners of both Synods as aforesaid. But the Synod
is sorry to find that it is not in their power to proceed to make further propo-
sals at this session, for want of the last year's minutes, and a copy of the
former plan of preliminary articles, occasioned by the absence of their former
clerk. But still they profess their design to enter upon the affair at their
next sessions, and in the mean time to maintain a spirit of candour and
friendship.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent to the Rev. Mr. Gilbert Ten-
nent, who is hereby appointed to deliver it in to the Synod of Philadelphia, at
the beginning of their next sessions.
Upon application made by Mr. Davis in behalf of the people in the southern
colonies, the Synod do recommend to the Presbytery of New Brunswick to
endeavour to prevail with Mr. John Todd, upon his being licensed, to take a
journey thither; and also to the Presbytery of New York, to urge the same
upon Messrs. Syms and G-reenman.
Mr. Davenport is appointed to go into Virginia to assist in supplying the
numerous vacant and destitute congregations there. The same is also recom-
mended to the Rev. Mr. Byram,
Adjourned to eight o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
17th day, at eight o/fhe clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt q7ii supra.
An affair of the congregation of Tehicken was brought into the Synod by a
reference from the Presbytery of New Brunswick, which the Synod pro-
ceeded to consider, and ordered the parties concerned to lay the case before
them in order to be determined, which was accordingly done ; and after much
was said, many papers read, and all persons had offered what they thought
proper with respect to the matter in controversy, the Synod came into the
following conclusion, viz. That whereas the congregation of Tehicken is sadly
divided about the fairness and obligation of a lot made use of by them for the
determining the place for their meeting-house, the Synod, after a full hearing
the case, came unanimously into this judgment, viz. that though they do by
all means discountenance the method of ending such matters of controversy
by lottery, yet as to the lot under debate, the Synod is of the opinion, that
31
242 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
it was fairly cast, and consequently binding upon the parties concerned, as also
other former agreements said people have solemnly obliged themselves to ;
and the Synod doth judge, that they have acted very sinfully who have broken
through these repeated solemn obligations, and that a solemn admonition be
given unto them by Mr. Pembertou in the name of the Synod; which was
accordingly done.
The last year's commission continued for the ensuing year.
Adjourned to the fourth Thursday in September next, to meet at Newark.
Concluded with prayer.
The Synod met according to adjournment,
NewarJc, Septemher 11 tli, 1750. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Azariah Horton, James Brown, David
Youngs, Ebenezer Pemberton, John Pierson, Aaron Burr, Timothy Jones,
Jacob Clreen, John Grant, Caleb Smith, Aaron Hichards, Timothy Syms, Daniel
Thane, Thomas Arthur, Enos Ayres, Elihu Spencer, William Tounent, Richard
Treat, Charles Beatty, Thomas Lewis, Daniel Lawrence, Timothy Allen, Israel
Read, Samuel Finly, Simon Horton.
Ehlers : John Smith, David Ray, John Lyle.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Silvanus White, Samuel Bewel, James McCrea,
Gilbert Tennent, Job Pruddon, Samuel Sacket, Andrew Hunter, James Daven-
port, Samuel Blair, John Blair, John Roan, Charles Tennent, Andrew Bay,
Samuel Davis, John Rogers, James Campbell, Andrew Sterling, Alexander
Hutchinson.
Mr. ]*rime chosen moderator, Mr. Smith clerk.
The Synod was opened by a sermon preached by Mr. Cummins from Rom.
viii. 15.
The Rev. Mr. Eleazer Wales is removed by death since our last session.
Adjourned till two of the clock, post meridiem. Concluded with prayer.
Two of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra
The minutes of the Synod since their first erection being, according to the
order of our last, brought into the Synod, they appoint IMr. Treat to transcribe
them into a book that they be not lost, and that he be henceforth their stated
clerk for that purpose.
The reasons given by the present members of their absence the last session
were sustained.
The aifair of the union with the Synod of Philadelphia, came under consid-
eration, and the Synod appoints Messrs. Treat, William Tennent, Einly, Green,
and Spencer, to be a committee to draw up proposals upon that head to be
brought in at their next sederunt.
The High Dutch congregation of Rockway, in the township of Lebanon,
applied to the Synod that they may be taken under the care of this Synod, and
that a certain person now preaching among them may be taken under oxamina^
tion, and if approved, ordained a minister to them. The Synod, in order to clear
their way to transact any thing with said people, do appoint I\Ir. Pemberton to
make inquiry of the Dutch ministers in New York, whether said pcojile do
belong to their jurisdiction ; and he is to acquaint a committee of the Synod
how that matter is. And the Synod appoints Messrs. Pierson, Burr, Arthur,
Smith, and Spencer, their committee, to sit at such time and place as they
shall appoint, and transact in said affair, according as things shall then appear to
tliem.
Upon a representation made by Mr. Beatty of the necessitous circumstances
1750.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 243
of the congregation of Cape May, and their earnest request that some minister,
or candidate, might be sent down to them and settle with them, the Synod ap-
points Mr. Davenport to go and spend the winter with them for that purpose,
if consistent with his affairs.
Adjourned till eight of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
2Sth dai/, at eight of the dock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Pemberton, Pierson, Burr, Arthur, Gilbert and William Ten-
nent. Treat, Finly, Samuel and John Blair, Azariah Horton, Brown, and
the modei'ator, are appointed to be a commission of the Synod for this
year.
The Synod making inquiry how the several appointments for Virginia have
been fulfilled, do find that Mr. Davenport has been there, and that Mr. Todd is
licensed, and preparing speedily to go ; but that the other appointments by one
means or other have failed.
The committee according to appointment, brought in a draught of proposals
for an union with the Synod of Philadelphia, which the Synod approve, and
they are as follow, viz.
1. That every member assent unto and receive the Westminster Confession
of Faith and Catechisms, as the confession of his faith, according to the plan
formerly mentioned and proposed, and also agree to the Directory as the general
plan of worship and discipline.
2. That all matters shall be determined by a majority of votes, to which
determination all shall submit ; but if any member or members cannot, in con-
science submit to any particular act or determination of the body, he or they
shall be obliged, after sufficient liberty of reasoning and modest remonstration,
to withdraw from our Synodical communion. Provided always, that this last
article shall not extend to any cases but such as the Synod shall judge to be
essential in doctrine, worship, or discipline.
3. That it shall be treated as a censurable misconduct, for any member to
charge any of his brethren with errors in doctrine or immorality in conversar
tion, except in a way of private reproof or judicial process. And that none shall
be judicially condemned or censured without a fair trial and process, according
to the known rules of our discipline.
4. That no candidate shall be taken upon trials by any Presbytery, without
a degree or a certificate from the president, and a sufficient number of the tutors
or trustees of some college, testifying to the sufficiency of his learning ; except
in cases extraordinary, in which the Presbyteries shall be accountable to the
Synod for their conduct.
5. That it shall be treated as irregular, for any minister or candidate to preach
or perform other ministerial offices in the congregations of other ministers be-
longing to our body, contrary to their minds. On the other hand it shall be
esteemed unbrotherly for any minister to refuse his consent, (without weighty
reasons,) when amicably desired.
6. That all the several Presbyteries belonging to both Synods respectively,
shall continue distinct Presbyteries as now they are, and that the several con-
gregations and vacancies may continue to be under the same Presbyteries as at
present.
7. That the protestation made in the Synod of Philadelphia in the year
1741, be declared henceforth void and of none effect, and that the proposed union
shall not be understood to imply an agreement or consent to said protestation
on the part of this Synod.
8. Forasmuch as this Synod doth believe, (as they have before declared,) that
244 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
a glorious work of Grod's Spirit was cai'ried on in the late religious appear-
ances, (though we doubt not but there were several follies and extravagan-
cies of people, and artifices of Satan intermixed therewith,) it would be pleasing
and desirable to us, and what we hope for, that both Synods may come
so far to agree in their sentiments about it, as to give their joint testimony
thereto.
Ordered, That Mr. Treat, the stated clerk, transcribe those proposals and
deposit a true copy thereof in the hands of INIr. Samuel Hazard of Philadelphia,
to be delivered to the Synod of Philadelphia, or their order, when he shall have
received their proposals.
The Synod adjourned to the day after the commencement the ensuing year,
and then to sit at Newark. Concluded with prayer.
1751.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Newark, September 2Qth, 1751. U hi post prcces sederunt
Ministers of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime and Azariah
Horton.
Of the New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Peraberton,
Simon Ilorton, Aaron Burr, James Davenport, David Bostwick, Jacob Green,
Caleb Smith, John Braincrd, Elihu Spencer, Daniel Thane, Euos Ayres, John
Moffett, Chauncey Graham.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : Messrs. William Tennent, Richard
Treat, Charles McKnight, Charles Beatty, Eliab Byram, Thomas Lewis,
Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Israel Bead, Samuel Kennedy, Benjamin
Chesnutt.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : Messrs. James Campbell, Samuel Finly,
John Blair, Samuel Davis, John Rogers. Mr. John Smith correspondent.
Elders : Messrs. John Ball, John Henderson, Anthony Scout, Hugh IMar-
ten, John Kirkpatrick, Philip Celsel, Allin Killock, Daniel Morris, Aaron
Trueheart, Jonathan Holms, Elias Bayley.
Ministers absent. Of Long Island Presbytery: Messrs. Silvanus White,
James Brown, Samuel Bewel, Naphtali Dagget, David Youngs, Samuel
Saekett.
Of New York IVesbytery : Messrs. Timothy Syms, Timothy Jones, John
Grant, Aaron Richards, Alexander Cummins, Jonathan Elmore.
Of New Brunswick ]*resbytery : IMessrs. Gilbert Tennent, James McCrea,
Timothy Allen, Job Prudden, John Campbell, John Todd.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, John Roan, Andrew
Sterling, Andrew Bay, Hugh Henry.
Mr. John Blair chosen moderator, Mr. Byram clerk.
Mr. Prime, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from
Psiil. cii. IG.
The Rev. 3Iessrs. Samuel Blair and Thomas Arthur, arc departed this life
since the last Synod.
A petition was sent into the Synod by the trustees of the college of New
Jersey, desiring that the Rev. 3lr. Ebenezer Pemberton might be appointed
to make a voyage to Europe to solicit benefactions for said college ; and like-
wise, requesting that some members of the S3'nod might be appointed to go
immediately to New York, to treat with INIr. Pembertoji's congregation upon
said affair. The Synod taking this matter into consiileration, do appoint Messrs.
Aaron Burr, Richard Treat, William Tennent, and Samuel Davis, to be a com-
1751.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 245
mittee to go immediately to New York, and treat with Mr. Pemberton's con-
gregation upon said aifair.
Adjourned to three of the clock, post meridiem. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the dock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The excuses of Messrs. Hunter, Davenport, James Campbell, Rogers, and
the moderator, for their absence from the last Synod, are sustained.
The committee to whom the affair of the Dutch congregation of Rockway
was referred the last Synod, do make report, that difficulties arising in their
way from time to time, they have not been able to do any thing in it. And
application beiug again made to the Synod by said congregation, desiring they
would take the said affair under their care ; the Synod do refer it to the Pres-
bytery of New Brunswick, to transact in it according as they shall judge beat,
when matters are fully laid before them.
The Synod find that Mr. Davenport fulfilled his appointment in going to
Cape May.
Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Burr, Spencer, Gilbert and William Tennent,
Treat, Finly, Rogers, Prime, Azariah Horton, Brown, and the moderator, are
appointed to be a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year.
Proposals of accommodation from the Synod of Philadelphia, (in compli-
ance with the agreement of the commissions of both Synods at Trenton, men-
tioned in the preceding minutes, page 23,) were brought into the Synod
and read, the consideration of which deferred till the next sederunt. [See
page 204.]
The Synod understanding that one Vandreron, a Dutch preacher, going from
place to place, does much disturb some of our congregations, and being a person
of gross enormities and scandals, the Synod judge it to be their duty to ad-
monish all the people under their care to avoid the said Vandreron, and give no
countenance to his preaching.
Adjourned to to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
21 th day, at nine of the clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Prime absent, having obtained leave to go home.
The Synod being informed of certain misrepresentations concerning the con-
stitution, order, and discipline of our churches, industriously spread by some
of the members of the Dutch congregations, interspersed among or bordering
upon us, with design to prevent occasional or constant communion of their
members with our churches ; to obviate all such misrepresentations, and to
cultivate a good understanding between us and our brethren of the Dutch
churches, we do hereby declare and testify our constitution, order, and dis-
cipline, to be in harmony with the established church of Scotland. The West-
minster Confession, Catechisms, and Directory for public worship and church
government adopted by them, are in like manner received and adopted by us.
We declare ourselves united with that church in the same faith, order, and
discipline. Its approbation, countenance, and favour, we have abundant tes-
timonies of. They, as brethren, receive us ; and their members, we, as oppor-
tunity offers, receive as ours. And as the church of Scotland, and the Re-
formed churches abroad, agreeable to the Geneva Platform, hold a ready and
free communion with each other, so we also desire the same with our brethren
of the Dutch and French churches, interspersed amongst and bordering
upon us.
The exigencies of the great affair of propagating the gospel among the hea-
246 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
then, being represented unto the Synod, the Synod, in order to promote so
important and valuable a design, do enjoin all their members to appoint a col-
lection in their several congregations once every year, to be applied for that
purpose ; and that the money raised by such collections be yearly sent to the
Synod.
The Synod do, moreover, recommend to all their members, as far as prudence
may direct, to make another annual collection for the support of young stu-
dents, whose circumstances render them incapable to maintain themselves at
learning, and for other charitable purposes; which contributions shall be at the
disposal of such respective Presbyteries where they are made.
A petition of a number of the members of the Presbytery of New Bruns-
wick, praying to be erected into a distinct Presbytery, was brought into the
Synod, the further consideration of it deferred till the next sederunt.
A petition from a number of the inhabitants of Tinnicum or Tehicken, pray-
ing for liberty for supplies at the place called the Old House. The Synod,
after hearing what they had to offer in support of said petition, and after con-
sideration thereon, do unanimously reject said petition.
The consideration of the proposals of the Synod of Philadelphia in order to
union, taken under consideration, and the Synod appoint Messrs. Pierson,
Finly, Smith, Beatty, and the moderator, to draw up an answer and lay it be-
fore the Synod the next sederunt.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clock, P. Jf. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the petition of some members of the Presbytery of
New Brunswick was resumed, and after hearing what they had to offer in
support thereof, the Synod agree to grant said petition, and do erect that part
of the Presbytery of New Brunswick that live in Pennsylvania, together with
those who live in New Jersey, to the southward of Philadelphia, bordering
upon Delaware, into a distinct Presbytery by the name of the Presbytery of
Abington, and also appoint their first meeting to be at Philadelphia the third
Wednesday in May next.
The committee appointed to draw up something in answer to the proposals
of the Synod of Philadelphia, laid before the Synod what they had done, which
the Synod approve, and is as follows, viz.
The proposals of the Synod of Philadelphia for union with this Synod were
opened and read. The Synod after deliberate perusal of them arc pleased in
observing any steps taken towards the uniting the two Synods, and that our
brethren of the l^hiladelphia Synod profess a peaceable disposition, and deter-
mine to concur with our proposals as closely and as far as they can, in their
present view of things. But as they have not seen fit to comply with some
of the particulars proposed by us so closely as we could have wished, we
judge it becomes our professions, and our endeavours for peace, to be candidly
open and free in pointing out those things from which we disagree in their pre-
sent plan of accommodation.
1. Though the Synod should make no acts but concerning matters of plain
duty, or opinions relating to the great truths of religion, yet as every thing
that appears plain duty and truth unto the body, may ajipear at the same time
not to be essential, so we judge that no member or members should be obliged
to withdraw from our communion upon his or their not being able actively to
concur, or passively submit, unless the matter be judged essential iu doctrine
or discipline.
2. We cannot agree that all the public and fundamental agreements of the
1752.J SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 247
Synod of Philadelphia should stand safe, if this is understood to extend to
agreements made by said Synod since the rupture happened.
3. We cannot see that it will consist with the peace and edification of the
church to use any coercive measures to oblige people to be under the ministry
of those whom they do not choose, or to dissolve and new model Presby-
teries.
4. Seeing by the goodness of Divine Providence we have now a college
erected, we see no necessity for the alternative of the Synod or their commis-
sion examining candidates before they be admitted to Presbyterial trials.
As the Synod of Philadelphia had not our last proposals before them when
they drew up the present plan of accommodation, we refer them to said pro-
posals, as to what we further desire in order to our union with them.
Ordered, That the clerk send an attested copy of the above to Mr. Samuel
Hazard, of Philadelphia, to be delivered to the moderator of the Synod at
Philadelphia. ..
The distressing circumstances of Virginia being represented to the Synod,"
they appoint Mr Greenman to go into Virginia as soon as possibly he can, and
supply there for some time.
A motion being made to the Synod by Mr. Davis, of the necessity of send-
ing to England an account relating to the dissenting interest in Virginia, the
Synod does order that a representation of the circumstances of the Presby-
terian congregations in that colony be made and signed in the name of the
Synod, by Messrs. Burr and Pemberton, to Dr. Doddridge and Dr. Avery, and
also a certificate of Mr. Davis's character.
The committee sent to New York by the Synod on the petition of the trus-
tees of the college, returned and reported that their attempts were to no pur-
pose in the afiuir of their mission.
Adjourned to the day after the commencement of the ensuing year, and then
to meet at Newark. Concluded with prayer.
1753.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Nervark, September 2Sfh, 1752. Ubi sederunt post j^reces,
Ministers : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Simon Horton,
Aaron Burr, James Davenport, Jacob Green, David Bostwick, Caleb Smith,
John Brainerd, Elihu Spencer, Daniel Thane, Chauncey Graham, William
Tenuent, Andrew Hunter, Timothy Allen, Israel Read, Eliab Byram, Thomas
Lewis, Richard Ti-eat, Charles Beatty, Daniel Lawrence, Samuel Finly, Aza-
riah Horton, Aaron Richards, Alexander Cummins, Job Prudden, Conrad
Worts, John Grant, Naphtali Dagget.
Elders : James Kilburn, Joseph Kerr.
Ministers absent : Enos Ayers, John MofFort, Timothy Jones, Jonathan
Elmore, Charles McKnight, James McCrea, Samuel Kennedy, John Todd,
Gilbert Tennent, Benjamin Chesnutt, John Campbell, James Campbell, John
Blair, John Rogers, Charles Tennent, John Roan, Andrew Sterling, Andrew
Bay, Hugh Henry, Ebenezer Prime, Silvanus White, Samuel Bewel, James
Brown, Samuel Sacket, James Finly, Robert Smith.
Mr. Treat chosen moderator, Mr. Samuel Finly clerk.
Our last year's moderator being absent the Rev. IMr. Jonathan Edwards,
at the request of the members, opened the Synod with a sermon on James
ii. 19.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
248 MINUTES OF THE [1752.
Tliree of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. David Youngs has departed this life since our last.
Mr. Cummins, Mr. Richards, Mr. Grant, Mr. Dagget, Mr. Allen, and Jlr.
Prudden, gave the reasons of their absence the last Synod, which were sus-
tained.
According to appointment of Synod, the Presbytery of New Brunswick
examined the affair of the Dutch congregation at Rockway, and ordained Mr.
Worts to be their minister.
Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Burr, Spencer, Gilbert and William Tennent,
Finly, Rogers, Prime, Azariah Ilorton, Brown, and the moderator, are ap-
pointed to be a commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Inquiry into the affair of the collection for the Indians, appointed the last
Synod, deferred until another sederunt.
The clerk reports that he complied with the order of sending an attested
copy of our last year's proposals to ]Mr. Hazard, to be given in to the Synod
of Philadelphia ; in consequence of which, and the proposals of this Synod in
the year 1750, the Synod of Philadelphia sent a letter of remarks and propo-
sals, which being read, the consideration of them deferred till to-morrow.
[See page 205.]
Mr. Greenman's reasons for his not going to Virginia, according to the ap-
pointment of the last Synod, are sustained.
The Rev. Messrs. Jonathan Edwards, John Smith, and Hopkins, being
present, do join as correspondents.
A reference from the Presbytery of New York concerning some matters of
difference among the members of the Presbyterian congregation of New York,
which were laid before said Presbytery, was brought into the Synod, and after
hearing many things in relation thereto, the Synod deferred the further exami-
nation thereof till the next sederunt.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
29 dai/, at nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Only Mr. Lewis departed without leave.
The Synod proceeded to make inquiry concerning the collection for the
Indians, and it was found that all the members present made collections except
Messrs. William Tennent, Davenport, Byram, Beatty, Richards, Grant, Dagget,
Simon Horton, and Read, who propose afterwards to collect and send their
collections to Mr. Brainerd. Ordered, also, th;rt the collections brought to the
Synod be paid into the hands of 3Ir. Brainerd, to be disposed of by the corre-
spondents for the Indian affairs.
A motion being made to the Synod by the trustees of the college of New
Jersey to obtain a public collection from all the congregations belonging to the
Synod, and the Synod having taken the matter into consideration, do unani-
mously approve the motion, and earnestly recommend it to all the I'resbyteries
to see that every one of their members do endeavour to collect money in their
respective congregations for that purpose; and also in vacancies, where they
have opportunity so to do ; and the Synod order, that all other pul)lic collec-
tions before appointed by them to be annually observed, be suspended on that
account.
The Synod do likewi.se order that the said collection for the cidlege be
made betwixt this time and May next, and that an account of what is gathered
by every Presbytery, be transmitted to the President of the college by each
Presbytery.
1752.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 249
The consideration of the proposals of the Synod of Philadelphia, in order to
an union, further deferred.
The affair of the reference from the Presbytery of New York reassumed, and
the pleas of all parties being fully heard, the Synod defer the judicial determi-
nation thereof till the next sederunt.
Adjourned till half an hour after two of the clock, P. M. Concluded with
prayer.
Half an hour after two, P. M. Post preces sederv.nt qui supra.
Mr. Davis is come to the Synod ; his not coming in the beginning of this
session occasioned by mistaking the time of their meeting.
The Synod agree to desire the Ilev. Mr. Edwards to publish his sermon
preached before them.
Upon a representation of the destitute circumstances of Virginia, &c. the
Synod appoint Mr. Grreenmau and Mr. Robert Henry, to go there some time
betwixt this and the next Synod.
Whereas a certain person pretending at Egg Harbour to be a minister regu-
larly ordained among the Presbyterians, and under that character baptized
some adults and infants, and it appearing to the Synod that his pretences
were false, having at that time no license^ or ordination, it is our opinion that
all the gospel ordinances he administered under that false and pretended char-
acter are null and invalid.
The proposals of the Synod of Philadelphia came to be considered, and the
Synod finding they had not time to go through with them this session, agreed
upon the following answer, to be sent to them by the stated clerk.
Very Reverend and dear Brethren : We have received your letter. The
great crowd of Synodical affairs now upon our hands, renders it impossible for
us to give it that attentive examination which the importance of the affair
requires. We shall endeavour, as soon as we have opportunity, to give it a
calm and deliberate consideration, and hope we shall return you such an an-
swer as shall give you convincing evidence, that we entertain the most affec-
tionate desires of peace and union upon such a bottom as may contribute to the
edification and comfort of all our churches. In the mean time, it is our sincere
inclination to evidence towards you all proper and friendly regards.
The affair of New York referred to the Synod as before mentioned, and heard
at length, reassumed in order to a judgment, and the Synod having seriously
and deliberately considered the sundry articles of debate and complaint laid
before them, came into the following conclusions :
1. That the building, ground, &c. conveyed from the General Assembly of
the Church of Scotland to the Presbyterian Society in New York, belong to
Presbyterians without distinction of name or nation, who conform to the
general plan of the Church of Scotland as practised by the Synod of New York.
2. That it is not inconsistent with the Presbyterian plan of government, nor
the institution of our Lord Jesus Christ, that trustees, or a committee chosen
by the congregation, should have the disposal and application of the public
money raised by said congregation, to the uses for which it was designed ; pro-
vided that they leave in the hands and to the management of the deacons, what
is collected for the Lord's table and the poor. And that ministers of the
gospel, by virtue of their office, have no right to sit with or preside over such
trustees or committees.
3. That it appears to the Synod, that the trustees of said church have faith-
fully discharged the trust reposed in them, with respect to its temporalities,
much to its advantage.
4. That as to the articles of complaint brought against Mr. Cumming, it
32
250 MINUTES OF THE [1753.
appears to the Svnod, that he lias been necessarily hindered from performing
his part in public service, by his low state of health ; but they judge it his
duty to discharge it according to his call when his health will admit; and
when he is disabled, he should desire INIr. Pemberton to officiate in his room.
That his insisting on a right to sit with the trustees in their conventions about
the temporal affairs of the congregation, was not a violation of his ordination
vows, which respect only the work of the ministry, although they judge he
acted imprudently in so doing. That he is to be commended for insisting on
persons praying in their families, who present their children to baptism; but
inasmuch as it appears expedient, that the same form of covenanting should
be used in the same church ; the Synod do, therefore, recommend it to Mr.
Pemberton and Mr. Gumming, to consult with the committee hereafter to be
mentioned about a form that they can both agree in.
5. That the said church proceed as soon as may be, to the choice of elders
to join with their ministers in the government and discipline of the church ;
and that the committee hereafter to be appointed do nominate the persons to be
chosen, and determine the number.
6. That as to the methods taken to introduce a new version of the psalms
in the public worship, the Synod judge it to be disorderly, and always to be
discountenanced, when the parties in matters of debate in a church do carry
about private subscriptions. ,
7. That as to the introduction of a new version of psalms, the Synod hath
not light at present to determine, but do impower the committee to recom-
mend Dr. Watts's version, if upon observation of circumstances they think it
proper.
And the Synod do appoint the Rev. Messrs. Samuel Davis, Samuel Finly,
and Charles Beatty, to be a committee to go immediately to New York, and
direct and assist the Presbyterian congregation of New York in such affairs as
may contribute to their peace and edification.
Adjourned to the first Wednesday of October, 1753, and then to meet at
Philadelphia at three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1753.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Ph'dadcljiiMa, October 3(7, 1753. Uhi jwat preces sederunt
IMinisters of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones,
Timothy Allen, David Dostwick, John Brainerd, Elihu Spencer.
Of Suffolk Presbytery : Mr. James Brown.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tcnnent, Charles IMcKuight,
Eliab Byram, Thomas Lewis, Israel Read, Samuel Kennedy, Conradus Wort.
Of Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, Charles
Beatty, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Benjamin Chcsnutt.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, Samuel Finly, James
Campbel, James Davenport, Evander Morrison, Samuel Davis, Andrew Bay,
John Rogers, Hugh Henry, Robert Smith, James Finly, John Todd.
Elders : Messrs. Jacob Bedel, Robert Cummins, Hugh Marten, John Roy,
Thomas Coon, Robert English, David Chambers, William Adams, Richard
Walker, Jonathan Holmes, William JMcCrea, John Vandyke, Francis Alexan-
der, Samuel Jamison, William Buchanan.
Ministers absent : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebcnczer Pemberton, Simon Hor-
ton, Aamn ]}urr, John Smith, Silas Leonard, Jacob Green, Aaron Richards,
Caleb Sniitli, Enos Ayres, Chauncey Graham, Alexander Cummins, John
Moffett, Daniel Thane, Jonathan Elmore, Ebeuezer Prime, Silvanus White,
1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 251
Joseph Park, Samuel Sacket, John Maltby, Samuel Bewel, Napthali Dagget,
James McCrea, Samuel Harker, Job Prudden, Alexander Hutchinson, Alex-
ander Craighead; John Eoan, John Blair, Andrew Stirling, John Wright,
Robert Henry.
Messrs. John Grant and John Campbell, have departed this life since our
last Synod.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Treat, the last year's moderator, by a sermon,
on Heb. iii. 2.
Mr. Samuel Finly was chosen moderator, Mr. Bostwick chosen clerk.
Mr. Davis and Mr. Rogers were appointed to revise the Synod's book against
the next sederuvt.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
AitTi day., at nine of the clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Davis and Mr. Rogers complied with the appointment of the last sede-
runt in revising the Synod book, and brought their remarks, which the Synod
approved.
The Synod do appoint, that Mr. Treat, who is the stated clerk, be allowed
three pounds per annum, for his service in transcribing the minutes in their
proper order into the Synod book ; and that every minister endeavour to bring
ten shillings annually, to defray the above mentioned charge, and for other
exigencies that may happen, and that the same be lodged in the hands of Mr.
Treat as the Synod's treasurer.
Messrs. Jones, McKnight, Todd, Kennedy, Gilbert Tennent, Rogers, Ches-
nutt, James Campbel, Charles Tennent, Bay, Hugh Henry, Silvanus White,
and James Finly, gave the reasons for their absence the last year, which were
sustained.
The following ministers were absent the last year as well as at this present
meeting : Messrs. Enos Ayres, John MoflFet, Jonathan Elmore, James McCrea,
John Blair, John Roan, Andrew Sterling, Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Bewel.
The Synod order, that the last mentioned members be called to account for
their absence.
Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Burr, Spencer, William and Charles Tennent,
Treat, Rogers, Prime, Brown, Azariah Horton, and the moderator, are appointed
to be a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year.
The Synod, upon inquiry concerning the collection appointed for the use
of the college, do find they cannot go through with said affair, by reason of
the absence of divers of their members, and do, therefore, refer it to each of
their Presbyteries to make inquiry of each of their members, touching their
compliance with said appointment, and take due care that their respective
members do comply with it accordingly, and give an account of their conduct
to the next Synod.
The Synod do appoint each of their Presbyteries to bring their Presbytery
books to the next Synod in order to be examined.
The affair of union with the Synod of Philadelphia, referred to this Synod
by our last, deferred to the next sederunt.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the cIocJc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the union was brought under consideration, and the last pro-
posals from the Synod of Philadelphia, &c. were read, and the Synod do ap-
point Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Davis, and the moderator, to prepare an answer
thereto, and lay it before the Synod the next sederunt.
252 MINUTES OF THE [1753
The committee appointed by the last Synod to go to New York to direct
and assist the Presbyterian congregation in affairs relating to their peace and
edification, make report of their compliance with said appointment. The
minutes of their proceedings being laid before the Synod, are approved, and are
as follows, viz.
"iVcMJ York, October 2d, 1752.
" The committee appointed by the Synod to direct and assist the Presbyte-
rian congregation of New York in such affairs as contribute to their peace and
satisfaction, met, iihi post preccs sederunt, Messrs. Samuel Finly, Charles Beatty,
and Samuel Davis.
" Mr. Finley was chosen moderator, and Mr. Davis clerk.
" Ordered, That the minutes of the Synod containing their conclusions con-
cerning the affair referred unto them by the Presbytery be read.
" The committee after the best inquiry they could make into the circum-
stances of the congregation, do conclude that but two persons should at pre-
sent be chosen to sustain the office of elders, and that Messi's. David Van-
horn, and Israel Horsfield are proper persons for that purpose, and they do
accordingly nominate the said persons to that office ; and give public notice,
that if any of the members of said congregation have any sufficient objections
against either of them, they would bring them into the committee in the
afternoon.
" Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
" TJiree of the cIocJc, P. M. ULi post preces sederunt qui supra.
" Messrs. Vanhorn and Horsfield being spoken unto by the committee, and
the peculiar exigency of the case being represented unto them, they consented
to accept of the office for which they are nominated ; and the congregation
brought in no objections against them, but signified their consent by holding up
their hands.
" The committee after careful inquiry and deliberation, do conclude, from
the best views of the present disposition of affairs they can attain, that it is not
expedient at present, judicially to recommend a change of the version of
Psalms, lest the animosities in the congregation should be more inflamed ; but
they most earnestly recommend moderation, forbearance, and condescension to
both parties, till such times as by the use of proper measures, they shall come
to an agreement among themselves. Concluded with prayer."
Application was made to the Synod in behalf of the trustees of the Col-
lege of New Jersey, requesting the Synod to appoint two of their members
viz. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, and Samuel Davies, to take a voyage to Europe
on the important affairs of said college; to which the Synod unanimously
consent.
The congregation of Philadelphia, under the care of Mr. Tennent, requested
that in the absence of their pastor, they may be supplied with such members
of the Synod as they shall choose, till their next meeting; which was unani-
mously agreed unto.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
b(h day, at nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui svpra.
The committee appointed by the Synod to draw up an answer to the letter
1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 253
sent to them by the Synod of Philadelphia, on the affair of the union, brought
in said answer, which being read before the Synod, was approved, and is as
follows, viz.
Reverend and dear Brethren, — Your remarks on our proposals for an union
of the two Synods we have diligently perused, and must say, that some of them,
at least, were unexpected to us. Our first proposals contained some generals ;
■which, being too much so, were misconstrued by some on both sides. How-
ever, when the commissioners of both Synods met at Trenton, they easily saw
that it was necessary, and accordingly agreed to be particular in their proposals
for the future. For this reason we mentioned all those particulars which we
desired might be conceded, or at least canvassed, when we come to confer more
closely on the affair. And if matters are duly recollected, we presume that it
will appear we have not receded from our own proposals in any particular.
1. We did propose that all former differences, upon our union, should be
buried in perpetual oblivion. And we also proposed that the protestation en-
tered in the Synod in the year 1741, should particularly be buried in oblivion,
being declared void and of none effect. Nor can we see any inconsistency in pro-
posing the general, and afterwards a particular contained under it. For so
we viewed the matter. Now the protest must either be declared void, or not
be buried in oblivion. As you declare it to be a judicial act, it must stand in
full force and virtue unless it be nullified by an equal act. And thus our
uniting without its repeal, would be an implicit approbation of it, contrary to
our judgment. And further, your " looking upon the design of the protesta-
tion answered" by your terms of union, seems to favour what we heard was
reported by some of your number, viz. that the protest was to be confirmed,
and we to be received on that footing ; which was given by the commission of
our Synod at Trenton, as the reason of their mentioning said protest in parti-
cular. Nor have we any further design in insisting that it be declared void
and of none effect, but that our uniting may not imply our approbation of it.
And we think that your continuing to declare that "you are well satisfied
that the protestation was made on sufiicient and justifiable grounds, and that
you are not, in the least, convinced that the Synod acted wrong in said
step," is far from being an inducement to unite without an express repeal
thereof.
2. As to the inconsistency mentioned in the second article, between our
proposing that all differences should be buried in oblivion, and all names of
distinction abolished, and our insisting that Presbyteries and congregations
should continue as they are, we must remind you that both these particulars
were expressly inserted in our first proposals, which you yourselves concluded
to be pacific ; and we could not have expected that this would now be consid-
ered as a receding further from an union, and from our own proposals in order
thereto. Nor can we yet see that it is an inconsistency in fact, all things con-
sidered. For why might there not be an union of the two Synods, so that
we might all be considered as one body, though Presbyteries and congrega-
tions continue as they are ? If it seems a jarring concord, as we proposed it,
it would be more so to force people into it faster than they have clearness to
go. If then, we proposed an union on the best terms and footing that cir-
cumstances would allow, our proposals were most consistent in fact. And
though the "concessions of our delegates, and our former proposals viz. that
congregations as they are at present, should belong to the same Presbyteries
they now do, till a favourable opportunity of an advantageous alteration might
give you ground to apprehend that we would assent to the uniting of Pres-
byteries," yet it could not give ground to apprehend we would do so until
that favourable opportunity presents, which we did not apprehend could be
immediately upon the union of the Synods, much less antecedent thereto.
254 MINUTES OF THE [1753.
So that we have not in the least receded from our former concessiou in this
point.
8. Our professing that mutual forbearance as to different sentiments respect-
ing the late religious appearances, was our duty, since we all profess the
same confession of faith and directory for Avorship; and our desiring and hop-
ing for a joint testimony to the late glorious work of God, are not inconsistent,
inasmuch as the mariner in which we have proposed this particular is differ-
ent from that of the others. And though it would be inconsistent with our
former judgment, peremptorily to insist on it as a term of union, yet it's not
inconsistent to speak of it, and desire an agreement about it, and leave room
to make trial how far we could agree therein ; and this was our design in that
particular. And if we could agree to unite in other things, it cannot be denied
but agreement in a matter of that importance would be desirable and worth
attempting. And as we know not but upon friendly conference about it, the
difference perhaps would not be so great as it has seemed, we thought it might
very well be proposed in the manner in which we have done it. At the same
time it is also plain that there is no inconsistency between our present pro-
posal and our declared sentiments, that difference in judgment should not oblige
a dissenting member to withdraw from our communion, unless the matter were
judged by the body to be essential in doctrine or discipline. And this we
must own is an important article with us, which we cannot any way dispense
with; and it appears to us to be strictly Christian and scriptural, as well as
Presbyterian, otherwise we must make every thing that appears plain duty to
us, a term of communion, which we apprehend the Scripture prohibits. And
it appears plain to us that there may be many opinions relating to the great
truths of religion, that are not great themselves, nor of sufficient importance to
be made terms of communion. Nor can these sentiments '* open a door to an
unjustifiable latitude in principles and practices," any more than the apostolic
prohibition of receiving those that are weak to doubtful disputations. What is
plain sin and plain duty in one's account, is not so in another's; and the Synod
has still in their power to judge what is essential and what is not. In order
to prevent an unjustifiable latitude, we must not make terms of communion
which Christ has not made; and we are convinced that he hath not made every
truth and every duty a term.
As to the true stating of what we believe to be the glorious work of God's
Spirit in the late religious appearances, that we judged, and do judge, could
properly be done when both Synods came to confer about it. Though our
public prints have not been silent on that head. Nor have we loft even " the
more simjile and ignorant," who inclined to give heed to us, without the means
of distinguishing between *' the work of God's Spirit and their own follies, or
the artifices of Satan." So that if they yet "continue in the mistake," it is
not of us.
4. As to " the intrusions of disorderly ministers into your congregations,
so that they are rendered incapable to perform their solemn engagements to
their pastors," of which you complain, and also " that no regard was to be
paid to your repeated desires and public votes, that young men should have
certificates from some college," without retorting to the former, we only ob-
serve that these complaints are proper if we are to overhaul old debates, and
come to be judged before you; but permit us to request that they may not
come into pacific proposals; for, as each side pretend to justify themselves in
many things of which the other accuses, such criminations can have no pro-
priety, nor tendency to peace and re-union, but rather to provoke recriminations,
and are Imt a begging the question, or taking for granted what is in dispute.
We have thought it our duty to avoid them as an incongruity, and inconsistent
with our proposals. If we sincerely seek peace, let us speak and act so us
1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. ' 255
has a tendency to promote it, and none to subvert it. We do not presume
to treat you as criminals on the present footing, and we expect to be treated
as a judicature on equal ground. But were each side candidly disposed to
make the utmost acknowledgments to the other, of past wrongs, which they
possibly could with a clear judgment and conscience, then these things might
properly be pointed out and proposed to consideration, and this might answer
a valuable end.
Ordered, That a copy of the above be sent to the Synod of Philadelphia, at
their next session, by the Synod's stated clerk.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Motion being made by William McCrea in behalf of the congregation at
Whiteclay Creek, for a copy of the original plan of the constitution of this
Synod, they order the same to be given them by their stated clerk.
The like motion was made by David Chambers in behalf of the new erected
Presbyterian congregation in Philadelphia, which was also granted.
A representation being made to the Synod by Mr. Pemberton, and several
members of the Presbyterian congregation in New York, of the divided state
of said congregation, requesting the assistance of the Synod in their distressed
case, the Synod do appoint Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Davies, Aaron
Burr, Caleb Smith, David Bostwick, Elihu Spencer, Richard Treat, Charles
Beatty, and John Rogers, to be a committee to meet at New York on the
fourth Wednesday of instant October, at ten of the clock, A. M., with full
power and authority to transact such things with respect to said congregation,
as they shall judge necessary for the healing of the divisions of said congrega-
tion, and best interest of religion therein.
It being moved to the Synod, what they judge necessary as to the form or
method to be used in the administration of baptism, the Synod do refer to our
excellent Directory in that case.
It being further moved to the Synod, whether a church session hath power
to introduce a new version of psalms into the congregation to which they belong,
without the consent of the majority of said congregation; it was voted in the
negative, nemine contradicente.
A draught of an address from this Synod to the General Assembly of the
Church of Scotland, was brought into the Synod and being read, the Synod
appoint Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Spencer, Allen, and Treat, a committee to
revise said draught and bring it in the next sederunt.
The Synod do also appoint said committee to draw up certificates for Mr.
Tennent and Mr. Davies.
The Synod taking into consideration how to supply Mr. Davics's congrega-
tion during his absence, do appoint Messrs. Blair, Bay, Henry, James Finly,
and Rogers, and the particular seasons of their supplying to be adjusted and
fixed by the Presbytery of New Castle to which they belong, and the Synod
do appoint said Presbytery to supply their respective congregations in their
absence as much as they can. And to assist therein, the Synod do appoint
Mr. Lewis to supply two Sabbaths in Fag's Manuor, and one for the Forks of
Brandywine before the next Synod.
The Synod also appoint Mr. Lawrence to supply Mr. Henry's congrega-
tion four Sabbaths, to begin with the third Sabbath in May. They alio ap-
point Mr. Allen to supply St. George's four Sabbaths in April, beginning with
the first.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
256 MINUTES OF THE [1753.
6lh day, at nine of the clock. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod do recommend it to the several Presbyteries belonging to their
body, to call those sessions to account that do not send elders to attend upon
the Synod" and Presbyteries, and to enjoin these sessions to call those elders to
an account that do not attend upon judicatories, when sent by them.
For the supplying of Mr. Gilbert Tennent's congregation for this year, the
Synod do appoint Mr. Treat to supply four Sabbaths in November, if need
be; Mr. William Tennent the four first Sabbaths in December; Mr. Beatty
the last Sabbath in December and the three first in January ; Mr. Charles
Tennent the last Sabbath in January and the three first in February; Mr.
Davenport the last Sabbath in February and the three first in March ; Mr.
Greenman the two last Sabbaths in March ; Mr. Burr the four Sabbaths in
April ; Mr. Penibertnn the four Sabbaths in May ; 3Ir. Finly the four first
Sabbaths in June ; Mr. Greenman the last Sabbath in June and the first in
July ; Mr. Cummins the three last in July and first in August ; Mr. Kennedy
the three last in August and first in September; Mr. Spencer the three last in
September and first in October; Mr. Bostwick the four last in October.
The Synod do moreover appoint, that if any of these cannot fulfil said ap-
pointments, the Presbytery to which they belong shall, without fail, send
others in their stead.
The Synod appoint the Presbytery of Suffolk, to supply New York and
Jamaica in the absence of their ministers ; that is to say. New York the whole
of the time, provided they were otherwise totally vacant, and Jamaica the one
half of the time.
The Synod also appoint that Mr. Spencer's congregation be supplied in his
absence, the whole of the time, at the request of his excellency the governor.
And that each Presbytery do, as much as they can, to supply the absence of
their respective members.
The Synod do appoint Mr. Brainerd to supply Hanover, in Virginia, the four
last Sabbaths in March next.
That Mr. Beatty supply three Sabbaths at Fag's Manor and in the Forks
of Brandywine, before next Synod.
Mr. Moffet is appointed to supply Mr. Beatty's congregation those three
Sabbaths, and Mr. Horton is appointed to inform Mr. Moffet of the same, that
he may seasonably acquaint Mr. Beatty when he can come.
The committee appointed to revise the draught of the address to the General
Assembly, presented the same, which being read was unanimously approved.*
* A copy of the address to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.
To the very venerable and honourable the moderator and other members of tlie Gene-
ral Assembly of the Church of Scotland, to meet at Edinburgh, May, 1754. The peti-
tion of the Synod of New York, convened at Philadelphia, October 3, 1753, humbly
ehoweth:
That a college has been lately erected in the province of New Jersey by his majesty's
royal charter, in which a number of youth has been already educated, who are now the
instruments of service to the church of God ; and which would be far more extensively
beneficial were it brought to maturity. That after all the contributions tliat have been
made to the said college, or can be raised in these parts, tlie fund is far from being
sufiScient fur the erection of proper buildings, supporting the president and tutors, fur-
nishing a library, and defraying other necessary expenses ; that the trustees of said
college, who are zealous and active to promote it for the public good, have already sent
their humble petition to this venerable house for some assistance in carrying on so im-
portant a design; and also petitioned this Synod to appoint two of their members, the
Rev. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent and Samuel Uavies, to undertake a voyage to Europe in
behalf of said college.
Your petitioners, therefore, most heartily concur in the said petition of the trustees to
1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 257
The same committee, according to appointment, produced a certificate for tlie
the Reverend Assembly, and appoint the said Messrs. Tennent and Da vies to be their
commissioners for that purpose.
And as your petitioners apprehend the design of said petition to be of the utmost im-
portance to the interests of learning and religion in this infant country, and are confident
of the zeal of so pious and learned a body as the General Assembly of the Church of
Scotland, to promote such a design ; they beg leave to lay before this venerable house, a
general representation of the deplorable circumstances of the churches under their Syno-
dical care, leaving it to the commissioners to descend to particulars.
In the colonies of Nejy York, New Jei-sey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and
Carolina, a great number of congregations have been formed upon the Presbyterian plan,
■which have put themselves under the Synodical care of your petitioners, who conform to
the constitution of the Church of Scotland, and have adopted her standards of doctrine,
worship, and discipline. There are also large settlements lately planted in various
parts, particularly in North and South Carolina, where multitudes are extremely desi-
rous of the ministrations of the gospel ; but they are not yet formed into congregations,
and regularly organized for want of ministers.
These numerous bodies of people, dispersed so wide through so many colonies, have
repeatedly made the most importunate applications to your petitioners, for ministers to
be sent among them ; and your petitioners have exerted themselves to the utmost for
their relief, both by sending their members and candidates to officiate some time
among them, and using all practicable measures for the education of pious youth for the
ministry.
But alas ! notwithstanding these painful endeavours, your petitioners have been ut-
terly incapable to make sufficient provision for so many shepherdless flocks ; and those
that come hundreds of miles crying to them for some to break the bread of life among
them, are often obliged to return in tears, with little or no relief, by reason of the scar-
city of ministers.
Though every practicable expedient, which the most urgent necessity could suggest,
has been used to prepare labourers for this extensive and growing harvest ; yet the
number of ministers in this Synod is far from being equal to that of the congregations
under their care. Though sundry of them have taken the pastoral charge of two or
three congregations for a time, in order to lessen the number of vacancies ; and though
sundry youth have lately been licensed, ordained, and settled in congregations, that
were before destitute ; yet there are no less than forty vacant congregations at present
under the care of this Synod, besides many more which are incapable at present to sup-
port ministers ; and the whole colony of North Carolina, where numerous congregations
of Presbyterians are forming, and where there is not one Presbyterian minister settled.
The great number of vacancies in the bounds of this Synod, is owing, partly, to the
new settlements lately made in various parts of this continent, partly to the death of
sundry ministers belonging to this Synod, but principally to the small number of youth
educated for the ministry, so vastly disproportionate to the numerous vacancies ; and
unless some efl'ectual measures can be taken for the education of proper persons for the
sacred character, the churches of Christ in these parts must continue in the most desti-
tute circumstances, wandering shepherdless and forlorn through this wilderness, thou-
sands perishing for lack of knowledge, the children of God hungry and unfed, and the
rising age growing up in a state little better than that of heathenism, with regard to the
public ministrations of the gospel.
The numerous inconveniences of a private, and the many important advantages of a
public education are so evident, that we need not inform this venerable assembly of them,
who cannot but be sensible from happy experience, of the many extensive benefits of
convenient colleges.
The difficulty, (and in some cases impossibility,) of sending youth two, three, four, or
five hundred miles or more, to the colleges in New England, is also evident at first sight.
Now it is from the college of New Jersey only, that we can expect a remedy of these
inconveniences; it is to that your petitioners look for the increase of their number ; it
is on that the Presbyterian churches, through the six colonies above mentioned, princi-
pally depend for a supply of accomplished ministers ; from that has been obtained consi-
derable relief already, notwithstanding the many disadvantages that unavoidably attend
it in its present infant state; and from that may be expected a sufficient supply when
brought to maturity.
Your petitioners, therefore, most earnestly praj', that this very reverend Assembly
would afford the said college all the countenance and assistance in their power. The
young daughter of the Church of Scotland, helpless and exposed in this foreign laud,
33
258 MINUTES OF THE [1754
Rev. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent and Samuel Davies, which being read was unani-
mously approved.*
Upon a representation made to the Synod, of the illegal restraints the Pro-
testant dissenters lie under in Virginia, as to their religious liberties, Messrs.
James Davenport and John Rogers, were appointed to draw up a recommenda-
tion of the affair, and a certificate for Messrs. Samuel Davies and John Todd,
members of our body living in that colony, which being done was read and
approved. f
Adjourned to Thursday the day after the commencement next September, and
then to meet at Newark. Concluded with prayer. »
1754.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Newark, September 2Qth, 17 54:. Ubi post preces sederunt
Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Simon Horton,
Aaron Burr, Timothy Jones, David Bostwick, Caleb Smith, John Brainerd,
Daniel Thane, Azariah Horton, Jacob Green, Aaron Richards, Enos Ayres?,
John Moffet, John Smith, Robert Henry, Alexander Cummins.
Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Sacket.
New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, James Davenport,
James McCrea, Thomas Lewis, Israel Read, Samuel Kennedy.
Abington Presbytery: Messrs. Andrew Hunter, Charles Beatty, Richard
Treat, Benjamin Chesnut, Nehemiah Greenman, Henry Martin.
cries to her tender and powerful mother for relief. The cries of ministers oppressed
•with labours, and of congregations famishing for want of the sincere milk of the word,
implore assistance. And were the poor Indian savages sensible of their own case, they
would join in the cry, and beg for more missionaries to be sent to propagate the religion
of Jesus among them.
Now as the college of New Jersey appears the most promising expedient to redress
these grievances, and to promote religion and learning in these provinces, your petition-
ers most heartily concur with the trustees, and humbly pray, that an act may be passed
by this venerable and honourable Assembly, for a national collection in favour of said
college. And your petitioners as in duty bound shall ever pray, &c.
* A copy of the certificate for Messrs. Gilbert Tennent and Samuel Davies.
The Rev. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent and Samuel Davies, the bearers hereof, undertaking
a viiyiige to Europe, by tlie appointment of this Synod, in concurrence with the trustees
of the college of New Jersey, for the service of said college; the Synod do hereby cer-
tify, that the above reverend gentlemen are worthy and well approved members of their
body, and do recommend them to the acceptance of the cliurch of God, and the work of
their miss-ion, wheresoever Divine Providence may call them, imploring the Divine Pre-
eence with them and success to their important undertaking.
Signed by order of the Synod.
f A copy of the representation and certificate.
Vv liereas, the Protestant dissenters of the Presbyterian denomination in the colony of
Virginia lie under some restraints, particularly with regard to the number of their meet-
ing-houses, which is not at all equal to what their circumstances require, though they
have taken all legal measures to have a sufficient number registered according to the act
of toleration; and whereas, the Hev. Mr. Samuel Davies has been appointed to take a
voyage to Great Britain in behalf of the college of New Jersey, and may have an oppor-
tunity of using proper means to procure a redress of said grievance, this Synod do hum-
bly and earnestly request the concurrence and assistance of their friends there, for the
relief of an helpless and oppressed people in a point of so great consequence, in which
their religious liberties are so nearly concerned.
We do therefore cheerfully recommend the said Mr. Davies, who is settled in Virginia,
and the Rev. Mr. John Todd, his colleague, as regular and worthy members of their
bovJy, zealously and prudently engaged in advancing the Redeemer's kingdom.
1754.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 259
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Finly, John Blair, John Rogers,
Hobert Smith.
Elders : Messrs. Caleb Baldwin, Joseph Prudden, Timothy Whitehead, Sa-
muel Lumb, Jonathan Sayres, Jonah Halstead, David Bay, Ephraim Lockart,
Thomas Coon, Brice Rickey, Abraham Reeves, David Fulton, Abram Slack,
William Buchanan.
Ministers absent: Messrs. Silas Leonard, Jonathan Elmore, Chancey Gra-
ham, Timothy Allen, Elihu Spencer, John Maltby, Samuel Bewel, James
Brown, Silvanus White, Joseph Park, Naphtali Dagget, Eliphalet Ball, Alex-
ander Craighead, Charles Tennent, James Campbel, John Roan, Samuel Da-
vies, Andrew Stirling, Andrew Bay, Hugh Henry, John Todd, James Finly,
John Brown, John Right, Gilbert Tennent, Daniel Lawrence, Charles
McKnight, Job Prudden, Samuel Harker, Conradus Worts, Evander Mor-
rison.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 2 Cor. x. 4, preached by Mr. Finly,
the last year's moderator.
Mr. Davenport was chosen moderator, Mr. Beatty clerk.
Mr. Eliab Byram has been removed by death since our last Synod.
Adjourned till half an hour after two of the clock, post meridiem. Concluded
with prayer.
Eodem Die, half an lioxir after two of the dock, P. M. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. Pemberton is removed out of the bounds of this Synod since
our last.
The reasons given by Messrs. Pierson, Simon Horton, Burr, John Smith,
Green, Richards, Caleb Smith, Ayres, Cummins, Moffet, Thane, Prime, Sacket,
McCrea, Blair, and Robert Henry, for their absence the last Synod were sus-
tained.
Messrs. Pierson, Burr, Spencer, Bostwick, William and Charles Tennent,
Treat, Rogers, Prime, James Brown, Azariah Horton, Finly, and the modera-
tor, are appointed to be a commission of the Synod the year ensuing.
Upon inquiry it was found that the Presbyteries have complied with the
order of the Synod, with respect to collections for the college.
The Presbytery books of New York and New Castle were brought to the
Synod according to order, the others being forgot, are ordered to be brought the
next Synod.
Mr. Finly and Mr. Rogers are appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
New York, and Mr. Bostwick and Mr. Jones the Presbytery book of New
Castle, and make report thereof before the conclusion of this Synod.
The clerk reported, that he complied with the order of the Synod, and de-
livered their letter into the Synod of Philadelphia.
A letter from the Synod of Philadelphia was brought in and read, the con-
sideration whereof was deferred till the next sederunt.
The clerk certified the Synod, that he had complied with their order, and
gave copies of the plan of their first constitution to the persons who requested
them.
The committee appointed by our last Synod to go to New l^'ork, make report,
that they complied with said appointment, and presented the minutes of their
pi'oceedings, which being read were approved and are as follows.*
* The committee of the Synod met according to appointment.
New York, October 24, 1753.
Ministers present : Messrs. William Tennent, Anron Burr, Charles Beatty, David Bos-
wick, Elihu Spencer, Caleb Smith. Elder : Mr. Samuel Kerr.
260 MINUTES OF THE [1754.
The appointments of the last Synod, with respect to supplying Philadelphia,
were well fulfilled. And also those for Hanover, except Mr. Brainerd and Mr.
Bay, whose reasons for omission were sustained.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Richard Treat, Samuel Davies, and John Rogers.
Mr. Tennent was chosen moderator, Mr. Bostwick clerk.
Post preccs sederunt qui supra.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M., and then to meet at the house of Mr. Pember-
ton. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clock, P. M. Post prcces sederunt qui supra.
Several members of the Presbyterian congregation at New York, laid before the com-
mittee a remonstrance, containing sundry articles of grievance which they labour under
from the past and present management of their ecclesiastical affairs. The committee
having distinctly and impartially considered the several articles of complaint, came to
the following conclusions, viz :
1. As to the two first articles complaining of the neglect of ministerial visits, and ex-
amining into the lives and conversations of the people, it appears by the representation
made by Mr. Pemberton, that he has made conscience of his duty in these respects,
though of late he has, by reason of the divisions subsisting among his people, desisted
from it ; we therefore earnestly recommend his persisting in that important part of his
ministerial labours, and that he be not discouraged by any disagreeable appearances
among them.
2. As to the third article against the session concerning the new version of the psalms,
the committee cannot think it regular for the ministers and elders to introduce a new
version, without the express consent and approbation of the majority of the congrega-
tion; yet since Dr. Watts's version is introduced in this church, and is well adapted for
Christian worship, and received by many Presbyterian congregations, both in America
and Great Britain, they cannot but judge it best for the well being of the congregation
under their present circumstances, that they should be continued.
3. As to the fourth article complaining of the neglect of the Westminster Confession.
and not recommending of it in baptism, the committee conceive that the vote of the
Synod, as to the latter, is sufficient ; and Mr. Pemberton's declaring his high approba-
tion of said Confession, and public teaching the Westminster Catechisms, ought to be
satisfying to all.
4. As to praying at the burial of the dead, since it is not practised but at the request
of those concerned, and all are left at their liberty to request it or not ; the committee
think it no just matter of ofl'ence, especially as it is frequently practised by the Presby-
terian ministers in this country, and the reasons for which the General Assembly, (in the
early times of reformation from popery,) prohibited it, are now evidently ceased.
5. As to the singing anthems, &c., though the committee cannot disapp'-ove of them at
proper seasons, yet lest it should tend to take otf the minds of persons from the important
things they have heard in the house of God, and as it seems matter of conscience to
Bonie, the committee judge it advisable to forbear the practice on the Lord's day.
0. As to the article complaining of injurious and contemptuous treatment ; the com-
mittee are much grieved to find that there has been so much of it on both sides, during
the unhappy disputes that have subsisted among them, and do earnestly recommend mu-
tual forgiveness, forbearance, and moderation towards one another, as the most likely
method to promote peace and unanimity among them.
Adjourned till to-morrow at eleven of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
2bth day, at eleven of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Messrs. Pemberton and Cumming requested a dismission from their pastoral
relation to this church. Mr. Pemberton offered as his reasons, the unhapjiy divisions
subsisting among the peojile, the appearances of some dissati.-^faction with him, and the
little prospect of success in his ministerial labours Mr. Cuiiiming otl'ereil, that his low
state of health would not allow him to go on with his work in the present divided and
confused state of the congregation. The committee proposed to the people whether they
had any thing to object iigainst the dismission of their ministers. A number of gentle-
men in the behalf of others, strongly remonstrated against Mr. Pemberton's dismission,
as endangering the peace of the congregation. The committee do judge the continuance
of Mr. Pemberton, under the present circumstances of the congregation, to be necessary,
and arc in hopes that the present confusion in the congregation, and seeming dissatisfac-
tion of some that hinder the success of his labours, will be removed. But at Mr. Pem-
1754.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 261
Mr. Sacket lias leave to go home, as also hath Mr. Green.
Adjourned till eight of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
21 ih day, at eight of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Excepting Mr. Sacket.)
The committee appointed to revise the Presbytery books are not prepared to
give in their report, and are ordered to be ready against the next sederunt if
they can.
Mr. Koss, a minister from New England being present, was desired to sit as
correspondent.
The letter from the Synod of Philadelphia, respecting our union with them,
was taken into consideration, and in compliance with their desire therein ex-
pressed, the Synod appoint Messrs. Aaron Burr, David Bostwick, William Ten-
nent, Richard Treat, Samuel Finly, and John Blair, to be a committee to attend
the next session of the Synod of Philadelphia, in order to confer with them
about said union, in which they are to conclude nothing inconsistent with our
former proposals.
Upon the request of some members of the congregation of New York, the
Synod do appoint Messrs. Finly and Blair to supply the said congregation the
next Sabbath.
Messrs. Simon Horton and Richards are absent without leave.
A letter from Hanover in Virginia, requesting further supplies until their
pastor returns, was laid before the Synod, in answer to which the Synod ap-
points Mr. Greenman to supply them from the fourth Sabbath of November
until and including the last Sabbath of February next, and recommend it to
the Presbytery of New Castle, to supply said congregation the preceding and
remaining time.
And the Synod doth appoint Mr. Clark, a candidate in the Presbytery of
New York, to supply Mr. Greenman's congregation from the time of his fii'st
absence unto the last Sabbath of January.
Application was also made to the Synod in behalf of Mr. Gilbert Tennent's
congregation in Philadelphia, for supplies until their pastor returns from Great
Britain ; in compliance with which the Synod appoint Mr. Prime to supply the
four Sabbaths in November next ; Mr. Blair the first four Sabbaths in Decem-
ber ; Mr. Treat the last in December and three first in January ; Mr. Rogers
the last in January and three first in February ; Mr. William Tennent the last
in February and three first in March ; Mr. Davenport the two last in March,
and two first in June ; Mr. Bewel the four Sabbaths in April ; Mr. Burr the
berton's earnest request, the committee, (being sensible of the many special difficultiea
be labours under,) allow him a month's time of trial, and if upon a faithful endeavour to
heal the divisions and serve the interest of Christ's kingdom among them, he finds all his
attempts vain, and still continues his desire of a dismission, they judge it best he should
be left at liberty to remove from or abide with them, as he shall think most consistent
■with his duty.
As to Mr. Gumming, since no reasons have been offered to the committee against his
dismission, the committee do judge from what has appeared to them, and for the reasons
urged by him, that his pastoral relation to the Presbyterian congregation in New York
should be dissolved, and it is hereby dissolved accordingly. It is with pleasure the com-
mittee observe that there has been no objection against Mr. Cumming's moral conduct
or ministerial labours ; they do, therefore, freely recommend him, (if God shall please to
restore his health,) to any Christian congregation where Divine Providence may call him,
as a man of eminent ministerial gifts and abilities, and one whom they think in many
respects fitted for special service in the church of Christ. And the committee do recom-
mend it to the congregation as their indispensable duty, that they make up all the arrears
of salary they promised to give to Mr. Cumming. Concluded with prayer.
262 MINUTES OF THE [1755.
four Sabbaths in May; Mr. Finly the last two in June and two first in July ;
Mr. John Smith the three last in July and first in August; 3Ir. Jones the three
last in August and first in September ; Mr. Spencer the four last in September.
And in case any of the members fail, it is recommended to the several I'rcsbj'te-
ries to which they respectively belong, to take proper care that others be sent in
their room.
The Synod taking into consideration the destitute condition of Virginia and
North Carolina, as it hath been represented unto them, do appoint Messrs-
Beatty, Bostwick, Lewis, and Thane, each of them to make a visit to those
parts, for the space of three months, and the seasons to be agreed upon by
themselves.
In order to supply Mr. Beatty's congregation, the Synod appoints Mr.
Mofi"et to supply the month of November, (he concluding to set off in the
beginning of said month,) and Mr. Azariah Ilorton the four first Sabbaths of
December; that Mr. Allen supply jMr. Lewis's congregation the mouth of
January, and Mr. McCrea the month of February.
Adjourned till half an hour after two of the clock, P. M. Concluded with
prayer.
Eodem Die, half an hour after two o'eloch, P. M. Post preces sederunt
qui sujjra.
Together with Mr. Allen, whose absence hitherto is excused.
The Presbytery book of New York being revised was approved.
The supplying Mr. Thane's congregation during his journey to Virginia,
&c. is recommended to the Presbytery of New York, as they shall judge
needful.
With respect unto Mr. Bostwick's congregation, the Synod appoint Mr.
Cumming to supply it three Sabbaths during his absence, and Mr. Simon
Horton three Sabbaths, Mr. Dagget two Sabbaths, and Mr. Park two Sab-
baths.
The Synod also appoint the Presbytery of Suffolk to supply Mr. Bewel's
congregation during the time he supplies in Philadelphia.
The Synod do agree, that hereafter there shall be a committee of overtures
appointed at the beginning of the Synod, and that all new business shall first
be laid before said committee, in order by them to be laid before the Synod.
Pursuant to the order of the last Synod for a collection by the several minis-
ters of their body, the following members brought their collections, viz. Messrs.
Burr, Jones, Bostwick, Thane, Azariah Horton, Davenport, William Tennent,
Lewis, Read, Kennedy, Hunter, Beatty, Treat, llobort Henry, Greenman,
Finly, Blair, Rogers, and Robert Smith, all which amounted to nine pounds,
sixteen shillings, and nine pence, provincial currency, and was committed into
the hands of 31 r. Treat, as their treasurer.
Adjourned to the first of October, to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with
prayer.
1735,
The Synod met according to appointment.
Philadelphia, October 1st, 1755. U hi post preces sederunt
Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Aaron Burr, Azariah Horton,
Elihu Spencer, Jacob Green, John ]irainerd.
Elders : Samuel Lum, Joseph Ogdon, Joseph Tuttle.
Ministers absent: Messrs. John Pierson, Timothy Jones, Simon Horton,
1755.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 263
Timothy Allen, David Bostwick, Caleb Smith, Aaron Richards, Alexander
Cummins, Chaucey Graham, Jonathan Elmore, Enos Ayers, John Moffat,
John Smith, Daniel Thane, John Maltby, Hugh Knox.
Ministers of New Brunswick Presbytery: Messrs. James McCrea, James
Davenport, Charles McKnight, Thomas Lewis, Israel Read, Samuel Barker,
Samuel Kennedy.
Elders : John Adams, Gilbert Hendrickson, Robert Moore, George Warner,
Thomas Coone.
Ministers absent : Messrs. William Tennent, Job Prudden, Conradus Worts.
Suffolk Presbytery : All absent.
Abington Presbytery, ministers : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat,
Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Benjamin Chesnut, Charles Beatty.
Elders : Thomas Bourn, William Adams, Thomas Francis, Isaac Mills, John
Wigton.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Nehemiah Greenman, Henry Marten.
New Castle Presbytery, ministers : Messrs. Evander Morrison, James Camp-
bell, Samuel Finley, Samuel Davies, John Roan, Andrew Bay, John Rodgers,
James Finley, John Hogge, John Blair, Robert Smith.
Elders : John Kirkpatrick, Philip Davies, William Bell, John Withrow,
David Stewart, Benjamin BIyth, Charles Vance, Thomas Sharp, William
McCrea.
Ministers absent : iNIessrs. Charles Tennent, Alexander Craighead, Andrew
Sterling, Hugh Henry, Robert Henry, John Brown, John Wright, John
Todd.
The Synod was opened by a sermon from 2 Cor. iv. 1, preached by Mr.
Davenport, the last year's moderator.
Mr. Burr is chosen moderator for the ensuing year, Mr. Davies clerk.
Mr. Edwards is desired to sit with this Synod as correspondent.
The reasons of the absence from last Synod, of the Rev. Messrs. Spencer,
Campbell, Roan, Davies, Bay, Todd, James Finley, Gilbert Tennent, John
Wright, Lawrence, McKnight, Harker, and Morrison, are sustained.
The reasons of absence from this Synod, of Messrs. Pierson, William
Tennent, Greenman, Todd, Bostwick, Jones, Smith, Richards, and Simon
Horton, being related by some members present, are sustained.
Messrs. Pierson, Spencer, Bostwick, Gilbert, William and Charles Ten-
nent, Treat, Davenport, Rogers, Prime, Brown, Azariah Horton, Samuel Finly,
and the moderator, are appointed to be a commission of the Synod for the year
ensuing.
The Synod finding there is but one Presbytery book present, it is ordered
that all the books be brought by each Presbytery at the meeting of the next
Synod.
The committee appointed to attend upon the Synod of Philadelphia, to con-
fer with them upon the head of the union, do make report, that they complied
with said appointment, and after conference had with a committee of that Synod
upon that head, and after hearing several things offered in relation thereto,
desired that Synod to send their proposals in writing to this Synod to be con-
sidered at their next meeting.
Mr. Simon Horton's reason for absence from the last Synod without leave,
is sustained.
Mr. Greenman's appointment to supply Hanover was complied with; as
also the supplies appointed for Philadelphia, till Mr. Tennent's return from
Great Britain.
Messrs. Beatty and Thane have fulfilled their appointments to go to Vir-
ginia and Carolina; and Mr. Lewis's reasons for non-compliance, are sus-
tained.
264 MINUTES OF THE [1755.
Mr. Azariah Ilorton supplies Mr. Beatty's congregation in his absence,
according to appointment.
As Mr. MoflUt did not comply with the appointment of Synod in his sup-
plies, the Synod order the Presbytery of New York to inquire into the rea-
sons of his omission.
Messrs. Bhiir, Azariah Ilorton, Rogers, Davenport, Morrison, Beatty, and
Davies, arc appointed a committee of overtures, and for any other business
the Synod shall recommend unto them, and that they meet to-morrow morning,
at eight of the clock and Mr. Davies moderator.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
2c? day. Nine of the dock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qici supra.
Messrs. ]Marten, Bead, Charles Tenneut, and Worts, are come, and the
reasons of their absence yesterday are sustained.
A reference was brought into the Synod by the Presbytery of New York,
concerning the removal of Mr. Bostwick from Jamaica, by a call from the
Presbyterian congregation of New York, and the settling the order and disci-
pline of said church, which, after reading several papers, and hearing what
■was offered in relation thereto, was deferred till the nest sederunt, for further
consideration.
Application being made to the Synod from the trustees of New Jersey col-
lege, for a general collection in all their congregations for the use of said col-
lege, the Synod do recommend it to their several Presbyteries, to take such
measures as they judge proper to make collections in the congregations within
their respective bounds, for the use of the college of New Jersey betwixt this
and the next Synod, and send such collections by some proper hand to the
Synod.
Adjourned till four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Four of (lie cloch, P. 31. Post preces sedenmt qiii supra.
The affair of New Y^ork reassumed, but for want of time to go through with
it, it is referred to the next sederunt.
Upon sundry petitions from various parts of North Carolina, setting forth
their distressed circumstances for want of a preached gospel among them, and
requesting help from this Synod, Messrs. Brainerd and Spencer are appointed
to take a journey thither before winter, and supply the vacant congregations
there, and in parts adjacent, for six mouths, or as long as they shall think ne-
cessary ; and the appointment of supplies for Mr. Spencer's congregation is refer-
red till to-morrow.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at half an hour after eight of the clock.
Concluded with prayer.
Sd day. Half an hour after evjht of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
Except the Rev. Messrs. Burr, Brainerd, IMcKnight, and Lawrence, who
were permitted to go away.
The moderator being gone, Mr. Treat was desired to take his place at this
season.
A petition was brought into the Synod setting forth the necessity of erecting
a new Presbytery in Virginia, the Synod therefore appoint the Rev. Samuel
Davies, John Todd, Alexander Craighead, Robert Ilcnry, John "Wright,
and John Brown, to be a Presbytery, under the name of the Presbytery
1755.]
SYNOD OF NEW YORK.
265
of Hanover, and that tlieir fii-st meeting shall be in Hanover, on the first
Wednesday of December next, and that Mr. Davies open said meeting by a
sermon ; and that any of their members settling to the southward and west-
ward of Mr, Hogge's congregation, shall have liberty to join said Presbytery
of Hanover.
The affair from New York reassumed, and as there was not time to finish it,
it is referred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clock, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The afiair from New York reassumed, and the Synod having fully heard and
discussed said aflair, do appoint Messrs. Spencer, Samuel Fiuley, and the clerk,
to draw up the judgment of the Synod thereupon, against eight of the clock this
evening.
The Synod appoint Mr. Clark to take a journey into Virginia and North
Carolina, to supply the vacancies there for six months, betwixt this and next
Synod, particularly at Kocky River and Sugar Creek, at the Hawfields, Enno,
Ilico, and Dan Rivers.
A paper was presented to the Synod containing an account of sundry gene-
rous and valuable dontltions from divers friends in England, for the education
of pious, indigent youth, for the gospel ministry, which the Synod, in order to
express their gratitude for, as well as for the security of the same for the pur-
poses aforesaid, order to be recorded in their minutes, and are as follows.
To the Reverend Synod of New York,
The annual interest of the following donations was appropriated by the donors,
for the education of such youth for the ministry of the gospel, in the College
of New Jersey, as are unable to defray the expenses of their education, who
appear, upon proper examination, to be of promising genius, Calvinistic prin-
ciples, and in the judgment of charity, experimentally acquainted with a work
of saving grace, and to have a distinguished zeal for the glory of God, and
salvation of men.
London.
Mr. Samuel Savage, ....
Mrs. Rachel Spellerberg,
Mr. William Wetmore ....
Robert Cruttenden, Esquire, .
Rev. Mr. Ziegenhagen, ....
Rev. Samuel Pike, ....
Rev. George Turnbull,
Mr. Joseph Williams, of Kidderminster,
Mr. Austin, of ditto
Mr. Joseph Field, ....
Mr. Cruttenden' s Friend, ....
Mr. Henry Carrington,
Mr. Carrington Bowles, ....
Mr. Dennis Debert, ....
Mr. James Cox, .....
Mr. AVilliam Fuller, ....
Daniel Booth, Esquire, ....
Rev. Thomas Gibbons, and some of his friends.
Rev. Thomas Hall, and some of his friends,
Mr. Joseph Hartwell, ....
34
£
s.
d.
10
10
0
50
0
0
5
5
0
5
5
0
4
4
0
3
3
0
1
1
0
5
5
0
3
12
0
1
1
0
5
5
0
3
3
0
1
1
0
5
5
0
5
5
0
5
5
0
5
5
0
12
12
0
15
15
0
2
2
0
MINUTES OF THE
[1755.
. 5 5
0
2 2
0
. 1 1
0
3 3
0
. 1 1
0
10 10
0
. 23 9
0
27 5
6
. 46 0
0
5 5
0
. 1 1
0
20 10
6
£290 17
0
London. £ s. d.
Mr. John Bowles,
Mr. Furnell,
Mr. Skinner, ......
Mr. Jonathan Eade, ....
Mr. Shirly Wolmer, ....
Mr. James English, ....
The Independent Congregation in Ipswich, .
Rev. Mr. Frost's Congregation in Yarmouth,
Rev. Mr. Davidson's Congregation in Braintre,
Rev. Mr. Fosket in Bristol,*
Mr. Lunel in Dublin, ....
Rev. 31r. Ogilvie in New Castle,
Sum total.
The above sum of two hundred and ninety-six pounds, seventeen shillings,
sterling, being given in trust to us, the subscribers, with design that the annual
interest thereof for ever be applied for the use aforesaid : We do, by virtue of
said trust, put the said sum into the hands of the trustees of the College of
New Jersey, in trust, to be applied to the education of such youth, of the cha-
racter above mentioned, as shall be examined and approved of by the Synod
of New York, (or by what name soever that body of men may be hereafter
called,) and by them recommended to the trustees of said college, and to be
divided among such youth in such proportion as said Synod shall think fit.
Witness our hands,
Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Davies.
London, October 25th, 1754.
November Isl, 1754. Received by the Rev. Mr. Vye, of Sheffield, the addi-
tional sum of ten pounds, seven shillings, and six pence, sterling, to be applied
as above directed.
Total three hundred and seven pounds, four shillings, and six pence, ster-
ling.
Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Davies.
For the education of youth of the character aforesaid.
Samuel Ruggles, Esquire, of Rocking, fifty pounds.
The above sum of fifty pounds sterling, being given in trust to us, the sub-
scribers, with design that the principal be applied as soon as occasion requireth,
for the education of youth of the characters before described : We do, by vir-
tue of said trust, put the said sum into the hands of said trustees, for the use,
and under the direction of the Synod of New York, as aforesaid.
Witness our hands, London, October 25, 1754.
Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Davies.
The Synod appoint that such youth as may be candidates for this benefac-
tion, be examined by the Synod at their annual meeting.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent reported to the Synod that he has lately received a bill
for two hundred pounds sterling, generously given for the propagation of the
gospel among the Indians, and to be under the direction of this Synod.
• The Rev. Mr. Fosket, the donor, expressly ordered, that his donation be applied to
the education of poor pious youth, of Calvinistic principles, of every denomination of
Protestants.
1755.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 267
The Synod do appoint the Rev. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Finly,
Grreen, Spencer, and Davies, to draw up a plan for the application of the money
contributed in Great Britain for the use of the Indians, and lay the same before
the Synod, before the end of their present session. The same committee ap-
pointed to draw up certificates for those ministers who are appointed to go to
the southward.
The Synod appoint the Presbytery of New York to draw up a certificate for
Mr. Clark, being a candidate belonging unto them.
The committee appointed to draw up the judgment of the Synod on the afiair
of New York, presented what they had written, which, with some amendments,
was approved, and is as follows, viz.
The Synod having heard and maturely considered the sundry complaints and
requests of both parties from the Presbyterian congregation in New York, come
to the following conclusions thereon :
That though the Synod upon former inquiry did find that the trustees have
faithfully discharged their trust, and are still of the same judgment, yet as
there has been a mutual agreement between the trustees and those dissatisfied
with that constitution, that as soon as the debts of the church are paid, they
should no longer be elected in their present form ; the Synod approve of said agree-
ment, and judge, that if the congregation think it expedient to have a commit-
tee for the management of their temporal concerns, the said committee shall be
chosen after that time, by the ministers, elders, and deacons, with the consent
of the congregation, and accountable to them for their conduct. And in order
the more speedily to discharge the said debts, the Synod recommend it to the
congregation to pay punctually, and as soon as possible, the pew rents that may
be due. And that the affairs of the congregation may be carried on with
greater regularity, the Synod also recommend it to them to choose a greater
number of elders and deacons as soon as they conveniently can.
That as there is a number of the congregation much dissatisfied with the con-
stant use of Dr. Watts's version of the Psalms, and earnestly desirous that the
Scotch version should be used, and as mutual forbearance and condescension in
such cases, is a duty which Christians owe to one another, and is necessary to
preserve the peace of society, the Synod determine that the Scotch version be
used equally with the other in the stated public worship on the Lord's days.
That previously to the administration of baptism, the minister shall inquire
into the parents' knowledge of the great and fundamental doctrines of the gos-
pel, and the regularity of their life ; and being satisfied so as to admit them,
shall in public point out the special duties of the parents, and particularly, that
they teach their children the doctrines and precepts of Christianity, contained
in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, and comprised in the West-
minster Confession of Faith and Catechisms : which therefore he shall recom-
mend unto them.
That whereas complaint has been made of a number assuming the name of
the Scotch Presbyterian Society, it shall be deemed irregular and censurable
for any part of the congregation to form a party, and consider themselves as a
society distinct from the rest of the congregation.
That as to the removal of Mr. Bostwick, the congregation of Jamaica not
being prepared to make a representation on this head, the Synod apjjoints the
following members, viz. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Prime, AVilliam Tennent,
Burr, Treat, Davenport, John Smith of Rye, 3IcCrea, Beatty, Hunter, Allen,
Read, Buel, Sacket, Brown, Lewis, and Rodgers, to be their committee, to meet
at Jamaica, on the 29th of this instant October, to determine that affair, and
any other matters relative to it, that may come before them.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
268 MINUTES OF THE [1755.
AitJi day, at nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Except Messrs. Lewis, Campbell, and Hogge, who have obtained leave to go
lionie.
The Synod recommend it to all the members, excepting such who live ?o
near the place of meeting that they can go to their congregations after twelve
of the clock on Saturday, and return again by ten of the clock on Monday,
that they do not make any appointments to preach on the Lord's day following
the Synod, or so pre-engage themselves as to be obliged to return before the
conclusion of the Synod, in any time coming.
A letter from the Synod of Philadelphia, concerning an union with this
Synod, was read, [See page 218,] and after much debate and consultation had
upon it, it was referred to a committee to draw up an answer against next iMon-
day morning, at ten of the clock, and that those members that remain in town
this afternoon be a committee for that purpose.
Adjourned till Monday morning, at ten of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
October 6, ten of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
In order to supply the congregations of those ministers, who are to go to
the southward, the Synod appoint the Presbyteries of New Brunswick and
Abington to supply within the bounds of New York Presbytery each four
Sabbaths. And that the Presbytery of Suffolk supply either New York or
Jamaica, as need shall be, each member two Sabbaths.
As the present critical and alarming situation of the country, requires par-
ticular applications to heaven, the Synod recommend it to all the Presbyteries
to appoint a day, when they think proper, to be religiously observed, either in
thanksgiving or humiliation, as the posture of affairs may then require.
Mr. Charles Tennent is appointed to preach in Philadelphia the first Sabbath
in November, in the room of Mr. Grilbert Tennent, who is to be from home on
the appointment to Jamaica.
The committee appointed to draw up an answer to the minute of Philadelphia
Synod, make report, that they have not been able yet to complete it, but expect
to be ready against the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clocJc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee brought in their answer to the Synod of Philadelphia, which
was carefully examined, but there not being time to finish it, the further con-
sideration of it is referred till to-morrow.
The following ministers, viz : Messrs. Burr, Charles Tennent, Rogers, Robert
Smith, Davies, Azariah llorton, Davenport, Hunter, McKnight, and Kennedy,
brought collections into the Synod, in all amounting to five pounds four shil-
lings provincial, and it is committed to Mr. Treat their treasurer.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
7 th day, at nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui siqva.
(Except Messrs. Roan, Smith, and James Finly, and Charles Vance, who
had leave to go away.)
The answer to the Synod of Philadelphia was again taken under consideration,
together with a plan of proposals for an union, and Messrs. Samuel Finlj- and
Blair are appointed to finish the plan and bring it in at the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1756.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 269
Eodem Die, three of the clocl; P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Finly and Blair brought in their answer to the Synod of Philadelphia,
and a plan of union, which was read and approved, and is as follows :
[This plan of union being already inserted, pages 221, 222, it is not necessary
to repeat it here.]
The Synod appoint their clerk to transcribe the above answer and plan, and
send it in to the Synod of Philadelphia at their next meeting.
The committee appointed to draw up a plan for the application of the money
generously given for the propagation of the gospel among the Indians, report
that the donor of the before-mentioned money, directs it to be put into the
hands of the trustees of the college of New Jersey and their successors in trust,
for the uses and purposes hereafter mentioned, viz : " Either towards the sup-
port of a pious and well qualified missionary in preaching the gospel among
the Indians in North America, or the supporting of a pious and well qualified
schoolmaster in teaching the Indians the English language, and the principles
of natural and revealed religion ; or for maintaining a pious and well qualified
Indian youth at the college of New Jersey, while prosecuting his studies there,
in order to his instructing his countrymen in the English language and the
Christian religion, or preaching the gospel to them ; or for maintaining a pious
and well qualified youth of English or Scotch extract, at that college, during
his preparatory studies for teaching or preaching the gospel among the In-
dians, in case an Indian youth of suitable qualifications, cannot at some par-
ticular time be obtained. With this express limitation, namely, that the Synod
of New York, (or by whatever name that body shall, in time coming, be
called,) shall direct and determine, to which of the uses before mentioned, the
yearly interest of the aforesaid principal sum, shall be from time to time ap-
plied ; and which of the candidates for that particular use shall be preferred ;
and how the overplus above what may reasonably answer the particular use
at any time pitched on, (if any such overplus be,) shall be employed in
providing Bibles or other good books, conducive to promote the general
design."
The Synod agree to follow the directions of the generous donor, and to apply
the donation for the purpose intended as soon as possible.
It being proposed to form a fund for the use of ministers' widows and
orphans, the Synod appoint Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, and Burr, to procure
plans against the next Synod ; and they recommend it to their members to use
proper means in the interim, to make ministers and people, sensible of its ne-
cessity and importance ; and that they come prepared to contribute to it at the
next meeting.
Adjourned to the day after the next commencement at Newark. Concluded
with prayer.
1756.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Neicark, Si'ptemhcr 30, 1756. Uhi post p>reces sederunt
Ministers of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Bewel,
James Brown, Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball.
Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Aaron Burr,
Simon Horton, Azariah Horton, John Brainerd, Timothy Allen, John Smith,
Jacob Green, David Bostwick, Elihu Spencer, Timothy Jones, Daniel Thane,
Aaron Richards, Nathaniel Whitaker.
Ministers of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, James
Davenport, James McCrea, Charles McKnight, Thomas Lewis, Samuel Ken-
nedy, Benjamin Hait.
270 MINUTES OF THE [175G.
IMinisters of Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter,
Charles Bcatty, Daniel Lawrence, Henry Marten.
IMinisters of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Finly, John Blair,
John llodgers.
Ministers of Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. John Todd, John Wright.
Elders : Gideon Hedges, Elnathan Cory, Joseph Ogden, Joseph Prudden,
Timothy Whitehead, Isaac Praul, Robert Cummins, Gilbert Hendrickson,
Samuel Brown, Abraham Larieu, Philip Wynkoop, Robert Givings, Ezra
Carey.
Ministers absent, of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Silvanus White, Benjamin
Talmage, yVbner Reeves.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Enos Ayres, Chancy Graham, John
Moflfett, Jonathan Elmore, Hugh Knox, John Maltby, Caleb Smith, Alexander
Cummins.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Israel Read, Samuel Harker, Job
Prudden, Conradus Worts.
Of Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Benjamin Chesnutt,
Nehemiah Greenman.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs Charles Tennent, James Campbell, John
Roan, Andrew Bay, John Hogg, Robert Smith, Andrew Sterling, James Finley,
Evander Morrison, jMoses Tuttle, Hugh Henry, John Harris.
Of Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Davies, Alexander Craighead,
Robert Henry, John Brown.
The Synod was opened by a sermon preached by Mr. Burr, the last year's
moderator, on Isaiah xxi. 11, 12.
Mr. William Tennent was chosen moderator for the year ensuing, Mr. Treat
clerk.
Mr. Light, an approved minister of the Dutch Church, being present, is de-
sired to sit with this Synod as correspondent.
Adjourned to half an hour after two of the clock, P. M. Concluded with
prayer.
Half an hour after two of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The reasons offered for the absence of Messrs. John Todd, John Smith,
Hugh Knox, Daniel Thane, and John Maltby, the last Synod, are sustained.
Messrs. John Pierson, Elihu Spencer, David Bostwick, Gilbert Tennent,
Charles Tennent, Richard Treat, James Davenport, John Rodgers, Aaron
Burr, Ebenczer Prime, James Brown, Azariah llorton, Samuel Finley, and
the moderator, are appointed to be a commission of the Synod for the year
ensuing.
The Presbytery books of New York, Abington, and New Brunswick, are
brought according to appointment. The other Presbytery books ar6 ordered
to be brought next Synod.
Mr. Bewel and Mr. Rogers are appointed to revise Abington Presbytery
book : Mr. Blair and Mr. Beatty to revise New Brunswick Presbytery book ;
and Mr. Tennent and jMr Finly the I'resbytery book of New York.
Messrs. Prime, Azariah Horton, Davenport, Jones, Brainerd, Allen, John
Smith, and the moderator, are appointed to be a committee of overtures and
any other business the Synod shall recommend unto them.
Upon inquiry it was found that none of the Presbyteries did fully comply
with the order of the last Synod respecting collections for the college ; yet,
inasmuch as some particular members have done it, the Synod order them to
1756.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 271
pay the same into the hands of Mr. Brainerd, and that he give an account
thereof to the Synod, before the conclusion of this meeting.
And the Synod do recommend it to their members that have not as yet
complied with the said order, to do all they reasonably can before their next
meeting.
The difficulties and dangers of the times render it in a great degi-ee im-
practicable for Messrs. Spencer and Brainerd to answer the end of their ap-
pointment to the southward, and for that reason said appointments were not
fulfilled.
There were the like reasons for Mr. Clark's not fulfilling his appointment to
the southren provinces.
There having been reposed a certain sum of money in the hands of the trus-
tees of New Jersey College, for the uses expressed in the minutes of last year,
the Synod doth appoint Mr. Allen to attend upon the President, and receive
proper receipts and certificates for said money, to be brought into the Synod
at their next meeting.
And whereas the Synod appointed such scholars as expect any part of the
fund designed for the education of pious youth, to be examined by the Synod
at their annual meeting, the Synod finding they are unable, through a multipli-
city of business, and by reason of the absence of some that design to oSer
themselves, to have their examination before their own body at this meeting, do
appoint Messrs. Burr, William Tennent, Brainerd, Davenport, Treat, McKnight,
Cummins, ajad Halt, to be a committee to meet at Princeton, the twenty-third
day of November nest, to examine such candidates as oflPer, and determine what
proportion of said money each shall have the ensuing year.
The committee appointed to meet at Jamaica on the afi"air of Mr. Bostwick's
removal, laid the minutes of their proceedings before the Synod, which were
approved, and are as follows :
" At a meeting of the committee of the Synod of New York, at Jamaica,
October 29, 1755, according to appointment. Present, Messrs. President
Burr, Samuel Sacket, Samuel Bewel, Israel Read, James Brown, Timothy
Allen.
*' Post preces sederunt qui supra.
" The committee was opened by a sermon preached by Mr. Bewel, from Job
xiv. 8.
*' Mr. Burr chosen moderator, Mr. Allen clerk.
"The afiair of Mr. Bostwick's removal came under consideration. The com-
mittee having heard all the several parties concerned in that affair, had to ofi"er
on that head, after much deliberation adjourned the further consideration of it
till to-morrow, half an hour past eight in the morning, to which time the com-
mittee is adjourned. Concluded with prayer.
" 30/A day, the Committee met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces
sederunt
" The committee proceeded to a long deliberation on the afiair of Mr. Bost-
wick's removal.
" Eodem Die, seven of the clock, P. M.
" Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, James McCrea, Charles Beatty,
Andrew Hunter, and John Rogers, came, being prevented attending the prece-
ding sederunts by the tempestuousness of the weather.
" The afiair of Mr. Bostwick's removal from Jamaica to New York reconsid-
272 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
ered ; and after mucli consultation, concluded to defer the furtlier consideration
of it till to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock ; to which time the committee
is adjourned. Concluded with prayer.
" Blst Jai/, the Committee met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces
sederunt.
" The affair of Mr. Bostwick's removal, &c. reassumed.
" The committee not having sufficient light to come to a full determination of
that affair at this time, conclude that it be referred to the standing commission
of the Synod of New York, to be convened by the moderator, at Princeton, on
the second Wednesday of April next, at eleven of the clock, A. M. ; and that
Mr. Bostwick be appointed to supply at Ncav York, the whole months of De-
cember and January, and the two first Sabbaths of February next ; and that
the Presbytery of New York provide a constant supply for Jamaica, during Mr.
Bostwick's absence. And this committee recommends it to the people of Ja-
maica, to make the necessary winter provisions for 3Ir. Bostwick's family as
usual. Concluded with prayer."
The commission of the Synod made report to the Synod, that they met on the
affair of Mr. ]3ostwick's removal, referred unto them by the committee. The
minutes of their proceedings are as follows :
"The commission of the Synod of New York regularly called, met at
" Frincetown, April 14, 175G.
" Present : Messrs. the moderator, Aaron Burr, John Pierson, William Ten-
nent, Pvichard Treat, James Davenport, John Rogers, Azariah Horton.
" Absent : Messrs. Elihu Spencer, David Bostwick, Gilbert Tennent, Charles
Tennent, Ebenezer Prime, James Brown, Samuel Finly.
'•Correspondents: Messrs. Timothy Jones, Timothy Allen, Charles Mc-
Knight, John Brainerd, Charles Beatty, Daniel Lawrence, Caleb Smith.
" J^od preces sederunt.
" jMr. Caleb Smith was chosen clerk.
" The commission was opened by a sermon preached by the moderator from
John xviii. 36.
"The Rev. Mr. Johannes Light, a minister of the Reformed Dutch Church,
was desired to sit as correspondent.
" The affair of Mr. Bostwick's removal from Jamaica to New York, was
brought before the commission by a letter from the elders and deacons of the
Presbyterian congregation in New York, representing their continued unan-
imity for Mr. ]Jostwick, and that the reasons for his removal to them are very
much strengthened and increased by his labours among them the last winter,
which appeared more fully by their commissioners, who were sent for that
purpose. The moderator also reported to the commission, tiiat he had acci-
dentally left at home a letter he had received from Mr. Bustwic-k, representing
his low state of healtli, and fear that he could not attend tlie commission, and
in case he did not, that he would acquiesce in their judgment about his removal
to New York.
" The commission having read the papers containing a representation of the
state of the Presbj-terian congregation at Jamaica, and tlieir reasons against
Mr. Bostwick's removal ; after much deliberate consideration of the inipDi-t-
ant affair, and earnest prayer to God for direction in it, adjourned the further
consideration of it till to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock. Concluded
with prayer.
1756.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 273
" Ibth day, at eight of the clock, A. 31., the commission met. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
"The Rev. Mr. David Cowell, was desired to sit as correspondent.
• " The affair of Mr. Bostwick's removal reassumed. The commission having
weighed the reasons for and against it with deep concern and great delibera-
tion, considering the peculiar circumstances and great importance of New Y^ork
congregation, how long they have been destitute ; how many fruitless attempts
have been made to resettle the gospel among them ; the little hopes of their
being so well united in any other person ; and especially the desirable prospect
that appears of Mr. Bostwick's great usefulness in that place j cannot but
judge it to be his duty to remove; and his pastoral relation to the church and
congregation at Jamaica is dissolved for that purpose. But as the commission
have a tender concern for the congregation of Jamaica, a great sense of their
importance, and how their case calls for special regard, they desire the modera-
tor, in his journey to Boston, to look out for a candidate to be sent among them,
and appoint the said moderator to supply them one Sabbath on his return ; and
Messrs. Simon Horton, Ebenezer Prime, and Benjamin Talmage, are appointed
to supply at Jamaica the three Sabbaths immediately succeeding Mr. Bostwick's
departure, of which Mr. Bostwick is appointed to give them notice. And the
Pesbyteries of New Y'^ork and Suffolk are ordered to take special care that they
be constantly supplied till nest Synod. The commission also considering, that
the congregation of Jamaica will necessarily be put to charge in obtaining a
resettlement of the gospel ministry, do earnestly recommend it to the Presby-
terian church in New York, to exercise a Christian generosity toward the peo-
ple of Jamaica, that they may be better enabled to settle another minister.
" Mr. Beatty representing to the commission, that a motion had been lately
made to him by the government of Pennsylvania, to go out as chaplain with
their forces upon the frontiers, desired that some provision might be made for
the supply of his pulpit. The commission accordingly appointed Abington
Presbytery to supply four Sabbaths ; the Presbytery of New Y^ork three Sab-
baths; the Presbytery of New Brunswick four Sabbaths; and the Presbytery
of New Castle five Sabbaths. Concluded with prayer."
The appointment of last Synod, for a day to be religiously observed as a
day of fasting or thanksgiving, was complied with.
A letter from the Synod of Philadelphia, in answer to one sent them from
this Synod the last year, was read ; the further consideration of it was deferred
to the next sederunt. [See page 222.]
Upon application made to this Synod, they agreed to allow the interest of
the money under their direction for the progagation of the gospel among the
Indians, unto Mr. Brainerd, a missionary to the Indians, in order to assist him
in labouring among them for this year.
The order of the last Synod respecting a fund for ministers' widows and or-
phans, came under consideration, but seeing no plans for that purpose have yet
been obtained, the Synod do defer any further proceedings in that affair till the
next meeting.
Ordered, That the committee of overtures meet to-morrow morning at eight
of the clock.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
October \st, at nine of the clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The New York Presbytery book was revised and approved.
The consideration of the letter from the Synod of Philadelphia deferred till
the next sederunt.
35
274 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
Mr. Caleb Smith is come to the Synod, whose absence yesterday was occa-
sioned by sickness.
A paper was brought into the Synod from several persons belonging to the
Presbyterian congregation of New York, setting forth some grievances they
suppose themselves to labour under, &c. The Synod having heard said paper
read, and what their commissioner offered to them, do refer it to Messrs. John
Blair, Samuel Finly, Timothy Allen, and Caleb Smith, to draw up the judtr-
ment of the Synod thereupon, and bring it in as soon as they can.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery book of Abington was revised and approved.
An affiiir was brought into the Synod by way of reference from the Presby-
tery of New Brunswick, in relation to Mr. McCrea's accepting the call from
the congregation of Bedminster and parts adjacent, with whom he has laboured
for several years past, but last fall, liberated from them by his Presbytery, by
reason of some dissatisfactions in the congregation : the Synod, after having
read divers papers and heard what all concerned had to offer on the head, came
to the following conclusion, that is to say, that inasmuch as by far the greatest
part of the congregation are united in their desires for his settlement with them,
and it is likely to be for the hurt of the congregation, as well as of jMr. IMcCrea
and his family, if he should remove from them ; the Synod judge that Mr.
McCrea have liberty to accept of the call of said people if he see fit. But in case
Mr. McCrea shall accept the call of said people, the Synod see no reason for the
minor part of said congregation to be set off from the congregation and have sup-
plies for themselves, or be refunded any part of the money they have expended
in building their meeting-house, as they in their paper proposed to the Synod.
Several supplications for supplies from vacancies in North and South Caro-
lina, and Bladensburg in Maryland, were read, the consideration of which was
referred to the next sederunt.
The Synod agree that an address be prepared and presented to Lord Lowden,
commander in chief of all his majesty's forces in North America, and they do
appoint Messrs. Aaron Burr, Elihu Spencer, David Bostwick, and Caleb Smith,
or some one of them, to prepare and present it in the name of this Synod on
the first proper opportunity.
The Synod agreed to desire Mr. Burr to favour them with a copy of his ser-
mon preached before them at the opening of their session, in order to have it
printed, they apprehending the publication of said sermon may be of good ser-
vice at this season.
The committee appointed to draw up the judgment of the Synod on the affair
of New York, brought in the same, which after much consideration and some
amendments, was unanimously approved and is as follows :
A paper was presented to the Synod signed by several members of the Pres-
byterian congregation of New York, which the Synod observe contains insult-
ing and even threatening expressions, and insinuations of partiality and dis-
honesty, together with several demands proposed in a very disrespectful man-
ner, and with an air of contempt. As this conduct in professors of religion to-
wards a judicature of Jesus Christ is insufferably arrogant, presumptuous, and
of evil tendency, and contrary to the commands of our Lord, who luis ordered us
to suffer no man to despise us acting properly in our own office, we judge it highly
censurable. And though we might justly refuse to take any further notice of
what is offered in said paper, yet as we would condescend to the weakness,
and as far as can consist with duty, bear with the imperfections of those who
are under our care, for the sake of their edification, we therefore inform them
1756.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 275
that by adopting the Westminster Confession, we only intend receiving it as
a test of orthodoxy in this church ; and it is the order of this Synod, that all
who are licensed to preach the gospel, or become members of any Presbytery
in our bounds, shall receive the same as the confession of their faith, according
to our constituting act, which we see no reason to repeal.
That as to the singing of Dr. Watts's version of the Psalms, though the
conduct of the congregation in their adhering to them, contrary to Synodical
appointment, without waiting for an opportunity to obtain a repeal of said ap-
pointment, was not regular; yet as the said Psalms are orthodox, and no par-
ticular version is of Divine authority, and that the using them is earnestly de-
sired by a great majority of said congregation, contrary to the view we had of
the case the last year, the Synod, for the sake of their peace, do permit the use
of said version unto them : and determine that this judgment shall be finally
decisive as to this aflair.
That they, who obstinately refuse to pay their pew rents, are to be esteemed
as not walking orderly, and do in fact forfeit their pews, nor is it an injury
done them by the congregation, if they are deprived of them.
As to reading in the desk, the Synod consider it as a mere indifferency in
itself; and as the congregation has long used this practice, which is not con-
trary to any Divine rule, or constitution of this church, there appears no neces-
sity of altering it by authority.
The other particulars proposed in said paper, being already determined by
the Synod in former sessions, we adhere to those determinations.
Adjourned to eight of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2d dai/, at eiyht of the clock, A. M. Post j^reces sederunt qui supra.
Abington Presbytery book was revised, and is approved.
The letter from the Philadelphia Synod came under consideration, with
respect to which the Synod came to the following agreement, viz.
That notwithstanding the Synod of Philadelphia have not given a satisfac-
tory answer to the particulars contained in our letter, which were judged ne-
cessary to be settled previous to an union ; the Synod, from an earnest desire
of an hearty and lasting union, do comply with their proposal of a mutual con-
ference, and accordingly appoint Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent,
Aaron Burr, James Davenport, Richard Treat, Samuel Finly, John Blair,
Caleb Smith, Ebenezer Prime, James Brown, to be a committee to meet with
the commission of the Synod of Philadelphia, at Trenton, the second Wednes-
day in May next, to fix upon a proper plan of union, to be laid before each
Synod at their next meeting.
Application was made to the Synod by Mr. Beatty, desiring to know their
mind with respect to his going chaplain to the forces that may be raised in the
province of Pennsylvania, if he shall, by the government, be called to that ser-
vice. The Synod do judge it to be his duty, and in that case do appoint their
several Presbyteries to provide supplies for Mr. Beatty's congregation, three
Sabbaths in four he shall be absent from them ; particularly the Presbytery of
Abington, three Sabbaths; the Presbytery of New Brunswick, three Sabbaths;
the Presbytery of New York, three Sabbaths ; and the Presbytery of New
Castle, three Sabbaths'; and in case these shall not suffice, the said Presbyteries
shall provide further supplies in like proportion until his return.
The Synod considering what asssitance can be afi'orded by way of supply
to the several vacancies to the southward that have applied to them, do appoint
Mr. Duffield and Mr. Ramsey to go this fall as soon as they can; and likewise
Mr. Brainerd and Mr. Rodgers before winter ; Mr. Hait and Mr. Whitaker in
the spring, and to spend each four months in their journey, and supply all
those destitute congregations as much as they can.
276 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
Ordered, That certificates be given to Mr. Brainerd and Mr. Kogers by the
Synod.
Ordered, That Mr. Samuel Finly do sign proper certificates for Messrs.
Whitaker, Hait, Dulfield, and Ram.sey, in the name of the Synod.
The Synod does appoint Mr. Blair to supply Mr. Ramsey's pulpit three Sab-
baths in his absence.
Mr. Brainerd reported that he had received of collections for New Jersey
College :
Of Mr. Rogers, £8 lis. 6d. ; Mr. Lawrence, £5 ; Mr. Hunter, £4 19s. Qd.
£18 lis. Provincial currency.
Which Mr. Brainerd is ordered to pay to the college treasurer.
The Synod, under a sense of the present distressed and calamitous state of
the country, do agree that they will recommend to all their congregations to
unite in observing the last Thursday of October instant, as a day of public
humiliation, fasting, and prayer.
The Synod propose further to recommend to their congregations to spend
part of the last Thursday of every month in extraordinary prayer, while the
present mournful state of our public affairs continues.
And they do further most earnestly recommend it to all their members, pre-
sent and absent, to exert themselves in an extraordinary manner, in their
several spheres of influence, for a general and thorough reformation of those
crying abominations which seem most evidently to have kindled the anger of
Leaven against this land.
And that they would, in their public performances, frequently explain, and
warmly press on their hearers the necessity of such a reformation in this day.
The Synod taking into serious consideration the dangerous situation of the
public at this juncture, by means of a potent, prevailing, and cruel enemy ;
the divided state of these colonies; the abounding of profanity, luxury, infi-
delity, error, and ignorance ; the evident suspension of spiritual influences
from the Church, which is followed with an evident insensibility under the
judgments as well as ordinances of God ; together with other awful aspects of
Divine Providence ; cannot but view them as plain demonstrations of his dis-
pleasure. We have been warned and chastised, first more gently, then more
terribly; but not returning to him that smites us, his anger is not turned away,
but his hand is stretched out still. Judgment yet proceeds, the prospect be-
comes darker and darker, and all things respecting us are loudly alarming.
When God judges he will overcome ; none have ever hardened themselves
against him and prospered. Nothing but impiety rouses his vengeance, and
nothing but repentance towards him, and faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ,
can turn it away. We have not so much as the least reason to expect deliver-
ance and safety in a way of impenitent sinning; for we are assured, if we
walk contrary to our God, he will walk contrary to us, and will punish us yet
seven times more for our iniquity. And as we judge that extraordinary dis-
tresses are calls to extraordinary humiliation and acts of devotion, so we look
on ourselves bound, not only as members of the community, but by the duty
of our office, as those who are entrusted with the declaration of God's re-
vealed will, to warn all who will attend unto us, and earnestly exhort them to
prostrate themselves before his offended majesty, in the humblest manner; to
deprecate his righteous displeasure; implore his mercy for themselves, their
children, country, and nation, their and our rightful and gracious sovereign
King George the second, his royal family, all officers civil and military, and
the whole Church of God ; and solemnly endeavour sincere and thorough re-
formation. For this purpose the Synod agree to recommend the last Thurs-
day of this instant, to be observed as a day of public fasting and prayer, in all
the congregations under our care. We also recommend to all the members of
1757.] SYNOD or NEW YORK. 277
our body, that they exert themselves in promoting a reformation from those
evils which have evidently kindled the anger of heaven against this land ; and
that they would frequently urge the necessity of such a reformation in this
day.
Signed in the name of the Synod,
Richard Treat, Synod clerk.
The Synod order their clerk to transcribe out of the Synod book such of
their minutes as relate to the Presbyterian congregation in New Y'ork, and
send them to Mr. Burr as soon as may be, in order to be transmitted to Scot-
land if need shall require.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, and then to meet at New
York ; when, for many reasons, the Synod desires that their meeting may be
as full as possible ; and should the small-pox be in New York at that time,
the moderator is empowered to appoint it at any other place he shall judge
proper, giving due notice. Concluded with prayer.
1757.
The Synod met at Maidenhead, according to appointment.
3Iai/ ISth, 1757. V hi post preces sederunt
Minister of Suffolk Presbytery : Mr. Ebenezer Prime.
Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Aaron Burr, David Bostwick,
Azariah Morton, Nathaniel Whitaker, Timothy Jones.
Ministers of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Thomas
Lewis, James McCrea, Charles McKnight, Samuel Kennedy, Israel Read,
bamuel Marker, Benjamin Halt.
Ministers of Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Richard Treat, Charles Beatty,
Benjamin Chesnut, Henry Marten, Daniel Lawrence, Andrew Hunter, Wil-
liam Ramsey.
Ministers of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. John Rodgers, Robert Smith,
Hugh Henry, James Finley, Samuel Finley, George Duffield.
Elders: Jacob Ford, David Harriot, William Lynn, Stephen Pangburn,
Abraham Larew, Robert Armer, John Charlesworth, Robert Evans, Joseph
Peck, James Evans.
Ministers absent, SuflPolk Presbytery: Messrs. Samuel Bewel, James Brown,
Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Silvanus White, Benjamin Talmage, Abner
Reeves. °
New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Simon Horton, John Brainerd,
Timothy Allen, John Smith, Jacob Green, Elihu Spencer, Daniel Thane, Aaron
Richards, Enos Ayres, Chancey Graham, John Moffett, Jonathan Elmore,
Hugh Knox, John Maltby, Caleb Smith, Alexander Cumming.
New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. James Davenport, Job Prudden,
Conradus Worts.
Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Nehemiah Greenman.
New Castle Presbytery : Meesrs. John Blair, Charles Tennent, James Camp-
bell, John Roan, Andrew Bay, John Hogg, Andrew Stirling, Moses Tuttle,
John Harris, Hugh McAdams.
Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Davies, Alexander Craighead, Robert
Henry, John Brown, John Todd, John Wright.
Ministers in all, present and absent, seventy-three.
Mr. Bostwick was chosen moderator for the year ensuing, Mr. Treat clerk.
The small-pox being in New l^ork, the appointed place of this present
278 MINUTES OF THE [1757.
meeting, the moderator appointed the Synod to meet in this place pursuant to
the powers committed to him by the last Synod.
Messrs. Read, Harker, Chesnut, Robert Smith, James Finley, and Hugh
Henry, gave the reasons of their absence the last Synod, which were sus-
tained.
Messrs. John Pierson, Aaron Burr, Elihu Spencer, Ebenezer Prime, James
Brown, William Tennent, James Davenport, Gilbert Tenneut, Richard Treat,
Charles Tennent, Samuel Finley, John Rodgers, and the moderator, are appointed
to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
There being only one Presbytery book brought, the Synod made no ap-
pointment for the revising the same, but order that all of them be brought the
next meeting.
Messrs. Beatty, Rogers, James Finly, and the moderator, are appointed to
be a committee of overtures, and for any other business the Synod shall recom-
mend unto them.
Such members as have complied with the Synod's order for getting collec-
tions for the college, are ordered to pay the same to the president.
The order of the last Synod respecting the getting of proper receipts or cer-
tificates from the president of New Jersey college, for money deposited in the
treasury of said college under the direction of this Synod, not being fulfilled,
the Synod appoint Mr. William Tennent to do the same and have it ready
against the next meeting.
The committee appointed to meet for the examination of such candidates as
should ofi'er themselves, to share in such money as the Synod hath to dispose
of for the education of sound, pious, and promising students, at the college of
New Jersey, do make report, that they met, and having laid before the Synod
the minutes of their proceedings, they are approved and ordered to be recorded
as follows :
^'Princeton, Novemher 23, 175G.
" The committee of the Synod of New York met, according to appointment,
and opened by prayer.
" Present : Messrs. President Burr, William Tennent, Richard Treat, James
Davenport, Charles McKnight, Benjamin Halt.
" Mr. Tennent moderator, Mr. Treat clerk.
" The committee proceeded to the business assigned them by the Synod.
''John Strain and John Carmikle offered themselves for examination as can-
didates to receive assistance from the fund designed for the support of such
pious youths as are of Calvinistic principles, and are unable to support them-
selves, at the college of New Jersey. The committee, upon particular exami-
nation, concluded they were persons of such character as were to be encouraged
and assisted, and therefore agreed to allow unto John Strain the sum of twenty-
four pounds, to John Carmikle the sum of twelve pounds, for this year. Con-
cluded with prayer."
The Synod do appoint the aforesaid committee to stand for this year also,
and to meet at Princeton the last Wednesday of July next for the same
purpose.
The Synod do agree to allow Mr. Brainerd, a missionary to the Indians, the
interest of the money under their direction for the propagation of the gospel
among the Indians for the next year, in case the correspondents shall continue
him in the mission.
The aff'air of getting a fund for the support of ministers' widows and orphans,
referred to this Synod, came under consideration, but for want of proper plans
they could not proceed in it, and do appoint Messrs. Bostwick, Green, Jones,
1757.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 279
Spencer, and Caleb Smith, to prepare a plan to be laid before the next
Synod.
The order of the last Synod, for an address to be presented to Lord Lowden,
for want of a proper opportunity, was not complied with.
The appointments to the southward for supplies were not fulfilled, a d upon
proper inquiry the reasons offered for the omission were sustained. And in
order to supply said southward vacancies, the Synod does appoint Mr. Halt to
take a journey thither as soon as his affairs will permit, and spend four months
among them. The Synod does also recommend it to the Presbytery of
New Castle to send another. The Synod also appoints the Presbytery of
Hanover to spend one with Mr. Hait when he shall come to them. They do
also appoint Mr. Samuel Finly to give them certificates in the name of the
Synod.
The committee of overtures appointed to meet at nine of the clock, to-morrow
morning.
The Synod adjourned to half an hour after nine. Concluded with prayer.
19th dai/, half after nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The committee appointed to meet with the commission of the Synod of
Philadelphia to confer about the union, do make report, that they met accord-
ing to appointment ; that they found the commissioners of the Philadelphia
Synod well disposed towards an union ; that they declared for themselves,
and doubted not but their Synod would also readily declare, that they do not
look upon the protest as the act of their body nor adopt it as such, and that
there appeared also to be an agreement on both sides concerning the nature and
right of protesting, and other things formerly proposed as necessary to an union.
And it was further agreed on by the commissioners on both sides, that they
would propose to their respective Synods, to have their next meeting at the
same time and place, in order to unite, in case matters shall appear at that time
ripe for it.
The Synod taking into consideration the report of their committee, are
pleased to find so desirable a prospect of an union, and do agree that their next
meeting be in Philadelphia at the time of the meeting of the Synod of Phila-
delphia, and propose that the commission of each Synod mert at Philadelphia
on the Monday next before the said meeting, at ten of the clock, in order to
prepare matters for both Synods and their happy union. And they do appoint,
that this agreement and proposal be communicated to the Synod of Philadel-
phia for their concurrence.
The Synod does also appoint Messrs. Samuel and James Finley, John Blair,
Robert Smith, and John Rodgers, to prepare a plan as the ground of the afore-
said union, and bring it into the commission at their meeting.
An affair was overtured to the Synod by the committee of overtures, setting
forth that some members of the contrregation of Bedminster, under the minis-
terial charge of Mr. McCrea, requested the Synod to re-hear their case which
was determined at their last meeting, alleging in support of their request that
they did not offer what they might have done at the time of trial, and especially
with respect to Mr. McCrea, and which they suppose, if it had been done and
considered by the Synod, might have given them another view of things, and
produced a different judgment in said affair.
The Synod, upon consideration of the affair, and what was at this time laid
before them, do judge, that there is not sufficient reason offered them to re-hear
said case, nor does the Synod suppose said people have sufiicient reason to com-
plain of the former judgments of Presbytery and Synod, as injurious to them,
280 MINUTES OF THE [1758.
seeing they only were in fault in not giving all the light they could when it was
the proper season for it, and they were by no means on the part of the Synod
prevented thereof; nevertheless, as the Synod would not improve the mistakes
or omissions of any people against them, they refer said people to their own
Presbytery to judge their cause, and to right them if they find them injured by
any former judgment, and in particular to hear and judge of such articles as
they have to exhibit against Mr. McCrea, in case he be seasonably notified of
them, and to grant them supplies of preaching, if regular application be made,
and the Presbytery judge it to be proper.
The Synod considering the present posture of public affairs, do judge they
loudly call for humiliation and prayer, and do, therefore, recommend to all their
members and congregations, to keep the fourth Thursday of June next as a day
of humiliation, fasting and prayer.
Application having been made to the Synod, by a commissioner from the con-
gregation of Newark, for some supplies in their destitute condition, the Synod
does appoint Mr. Treat to supply them three Sabbaths in June, and as much
more as he can.
The Synod does appoint the Presbytery of New York to supply Mr. Hait's
congregation five Sabbaths, in case he fulfils his appointment to the southward.
Adjourned to the fourth Thursday of May next, to meet at Philadelphia at
ten of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
1758.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Fhiladelphia, May the 2btJi, 1758. Vhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. David Bostwick, Azariah Horton, Nathaniel Whitaker,
Daniel Thane, Aaron Richards, Caleb Smith, Abraham Kettletas, William Ten-
nent, Thomas Lewis, Charles McKnight, Samuel Kennedy, Benjamin Hait,
Gilbert Tennent, Piichard Treat, Charles Beatty, Benjamin Chesnut, Henry
Marten, Daniel Lawrence, Andrew Hunter, Nehemiah Greenman, William
Ramsey, -John Rodgers, Robert Smith, Samuel Fiuley, James Finley, George
Duffield, .John Blair, Charles Tennent, John Roan, Moses Tuttle, John Harris,
Samuel Davies. — 32.
Elders : Messrs. Nathaniel Silsby, Job Brown, David Rhea, Robert Newil,
William Norcross, Joshua Thomas, Jonathan Holmes, Henry Pierson, Thomas
Brown, John Vandyke, Thomas Plemins, James Evans, James Cochran, Wil-
liam McCrea, William Craighead, Hugh Hamilton, Brice Ricky, Francis Alex-
ander.— 13.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Bewel, James Brown,
Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Silvanus White, Benjamin Talmage, Abner
Reeves, Timothy Jones, John I'ierson, Simon Horton, John Brainerd, Timothy
Allen, John Smith, Jacob Green, Elihu Spencer, Enos Ayres, Chauncy Gra-
ham, John Moffet, Jonathan Elmore, Hugh Knox, John Maltbie, Alexander
Cummins, .Lames McCrea, Israel Road, Samuel ILarkcr, Job Prudden, Conra-
dus Worts, Hugh Henry, James Campbel, Andrew Bay, John Hogg, Andrew
Sterling, Hugh McAdam, Alexander Craighead, Robert Henry, James Brown,
John Todd, .John Wright, John Marten.— 40 absent, 32 present, in all 72.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 2 Cor. iv. 5, by Mr. Bostwick, the
•ast year's moderator.
Mr. Davies was chosen moderator, Mr. Rogers clerk.
Adjoui-ned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1758.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 281
Three of the dock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Samuel Kennedy and James Finley are now come, with their elders,
Brice Rickey and Francis Alexander.
Messrs. Thane, Caleb Smith, Richards, Gilbert Tennent, G-reenman, Blair,
Charles Tennent, Roan, Tuttle, Harris, and the moderator, gave reasons for
their absence the last Synod, which were sustained.
Mr. Piersou sent reasons for his present absence, which are sustained.
The Rev. Aaron Burr and James Davenport are removed by death since our
last Synod.
Mr. James Campbell is removed out of the bounds of our Synod, since the
last meeting.
Messrs. John Pierson, Azariah Horton, David Bostwick, Caleb Smith,
Ebenezer Prime, James Brown, William Tennent, Charles McKnight, Thomas
Lewis, Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, Charles Beatty, Charles Tennent,
Samuel Finley, John Blair, John Rogers, John Todd, and the moderator, are
appointed a commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Inasmuch as the moderator lives at so great a distance, and cannot call the
commission for the ensuing year, should there be need for it, Mr. Gilbert Ten-
nent is appointed as moderator for this purpose.
Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Samuel Finly, John Blair,
Richard Treat, and the moderator, are appointed a committee of overtures, to
meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morning.
The Presbytery books of New York, New Castle, and New Brunswick,
are brought. Messrs. Caleb Smith and Horton are appointed to revise the
Presbytery book of New Brunswick ; Messrs. Robert Smith and Roan to revise
that of New York ; and Messrs. Bostwick and Halt that of New Castle.
The order of the last Synod, respecting the money under the direction of
this Synod, in the treasury of New Jersey College, not being complied with,
the said order continued.
The Synod does moreover appoint Messrs. Samuel Kennedy, Benjamin Halt,
and Abraham Kettletas, or any two of them, to be a committee to meet with
the committee of the trustees of the college, to settle the accounts of the money
which is in their treasury, at the direction of this Synod, and make report
thereof at our next meeting.
The Synod does also appoint that the receipts for said money to be taken
in their name and behalf, be given to the gentlemen above mentioned, and
that the time of their meeting be at the examination at Nassau Hall, the last
Wednesday of July.
The committee appointed by the last Synod for the examining the subjects
that offer for the donations at the direction of this Synod, make report that
they met, according to appointment. The minutes of their doings are as
follows :
" Princetoicn, July 29, 1757.
" The committee appointed by the Synod for the examination of candidates
for the fund designed for the support of pious youth at the New Jersey College,
met according to appointment. Present, Messrs. Aaron Burr, William Ten-
nent, and Richard Treat.
" The committee having received satisfaction as to the piety of Curtise
and James Leslie, and the desirable prospect of their usefulness, conclude to
allow, out of said fund, to Curtise, ten pounds ten shillings, and to Leslie, thir-
teen pounds, which the president is ordered to pay them, and charge the same
to account of said fund.
36
282 MINUTES OF THE [1758
" Mr. William Tennent is appointed to inquire whether said sums have been
paid, and if not, to draw on the treasurer for them.
" Ordered, That Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Richard Treat,
Caleb Smith, Alexander Cummins, Charles McKnight, and Benjamin Halt, be
a committee for examining such youth as may offer themselves for the benefit
of the above donation, and dispose the same for one year to such, and in such
proportions as they shall judge best and meet, at the time of examination above
mentioned."
Upon application made, the Synod agree to allow Mr. William Tennent
twenty pounds out of the Indian fund for payment of a schoolmaster among
them, and other contingent expenses relating to the school.
The committee appointed for drawing up a plan for the widows' fund,
have not complied therewith ; their reasons were sustained. This affair further
deferred.
Mr. Halt has not complied with the appointment of our last, in going to the
southward ; his reasons are sustained.
The Presbytery of New Castle have not complied with the appointment in
sending one of their number to the southward colonies ; their reasons are sus-
tained.
Adjourned to nine of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
26/^ day, at nine of the dock, A. M. Post preccs sederunt qui svpra.
The Brunswick Presbytery book revised, brought in, and approved.
The appointment of a day of fasting and prayer by our last Synod was com-
plied with.
David Rhea, Mr. William Tennent's elder, has leave to go home.
The committee appointed by the last Synod, for preparing a plan of union,
fulfilled said appointment; which plan was brought into the commission of
this Synod according to order, read, and considered. A mutual and friendly
conference between the commission of both Synods was held, in which a com-
mittee of both commissions was agreed upon, and aj^pointed to meet and pre-
pare a plan, to be laid before both Synods, which being done, was brought into
this Synod and read.
While the said plan was under consideration, a message was sent from the
Synod of Philadelphia, by the Ilev. Mr. McDowell, desiring the aforesaid
committee might be appointed to meet again, to confer about any alterations
that may be proposed by either Synod, in the plan aforesaid, which motion
was readily complied with, and the Rev. Messrs. Samuel Finley, John Blair,
David Bostwick, and the moderator, who were the committee of the commis-
sion aforesaid, were appointed for this purpose.
" Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The New Castle Presbytery book revised, brought in, and approved.
The New York Presbytery book revised, brought in, and approved, ex-
cept a paragraph in page 149, in which the Synod has not light to determine.
Application having been made to Mr. Bcatty, by Colonel Armstrong, to
serve as chaplain to the first battalion <»f the Pennsylvania provincials for the
ensuing campaign, he requested the advice and judgment of this Synod, with
respect to his duty therein. The Synod do unanimously agree that it is hia
duty to go.
Mr. Caleb Smith, and his elder, had leave to go home.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
1758.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 283
27/A day^ at nine of the dock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Thomas Slemins, Mr. Robert Smith's elder, has leave to go home. As, like-
wise, has William McCrea, Mr. Charles Tennent's elder.
A petition was brought in, from the Society for managing the Indian Mission
in Virginia, requesting that the interest of the money under the direction of
this Synod, for the propagating the gospel among the Indians, may be allowed
them for one year. The Synod, though sincerely disposed to do every thing in
their power to favour that pious mission, yet as the interest of that money is
already disposed of, they cannot comply with the aforesaid request.
A supplication was brought in from Itico, Enno, and the Haw fields in North
Carolina, for supplies, and for a candidate to be sent among them in order for
settlement.
As several of our members are to be absent from their respective congrega-
tions this summer, on public aflairs, which this SjTiod approve of, the Synod
took into consideration how to supply said congregations. And for supplies
for Mr. Beatty's congregation, the Synod does appoint Mr. Thane the last Sab-
bath in June, and the first in July ; Mr. Lawrence the second and third Sab-
baths of July ; Mr. Hunter the last in July and first in August ; Mr. Rogers
the third and fourth Sabbaths in August; Mr. Ramsey the second, third, and
fourth Sabbaths of September; Mr. Thane the first and second Sabbaths of
October ; that Mr. Marten and Mr. Chesnutt each supply two Sabbaths at the
times wherein none is provided.
The Synod does also appoint Mr. Greenman to supply one Sabbath for Mr.
Hunter, and another for Mr. Ramsey, during their supplying for Mr. Beatty.
The Synod does appoint the Presbytery of New York to supply Newark the
whole of the time during Mr. Brainerd's absence from them.
And in case Mr. Spencer shall go out as chaplain with the New York forces,
the Synod appoints Mr. Simon Horton to supply Jamaica congregation three
Sabbaths, and Mr. John Smith two Sabbaths, and that the Presbytery of Suf-
folk supply seven-eighths of the remaining time of his absence.
That since Mr. Caleb Smith is to be absent from his congregation three-
fourths of his time for this summer, in the service of the College of New Jer-
sey, the Synod does appoint the Presbytery of New Brunswick to assist to their
utmost in supplying his congregation.
Adjourned to ten of the clock on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
29?A day, at ten of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod appoints the Presbytery of New Brunswick to send a candidate
to Itico, Enno, and the Haw fields, if possible, before the next Synod.
It is also earnestly recommended to the Presbytery of Suffolk, to send Mr.
Brush to those important vacancies as soon as possible ; and Mr. Bostwick is
appointed to inform them of the same.
Upon application made by two members of the Society in Virginia for man-
aging the Indian Mission, setting forth the desirableness and advantage of a
correspondence between this Synod and said society, Mr. Gilbert Tennent is
appointed on the part of this Synod, to correspond with the secretary of said
society in case there shall be occasion for it.
A reference was brought into the Synod from the New Brunswick Presby-
tery, respecting Mr. Samuel Harker, one of their members, as having imbibed
and vented certain erroneous doctrines ; the further consideration of this affair
deferred till the next sederunt.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
284 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK. [1758.
•
Three of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Mr. Harkcr reassumed. The Synod, after serious considera-
tion had, do agree that, inasmuch as Mr. Harker is absent they cannot proceed
to a reguhir determination of said affair, and do therefore appoint Messrs. Gil-
bert Tennent, Richard Treat, Samuel Finley, and John Blair, to deal with him
as they shall have opportunity, in such manner as shall appear to them best
adapted for his conviction ; and refer the further determination to the next
Synod if there shall be need ] and in the mean time, the Synod does re-
commend it to the Presbytery of New Brunswick to take such measures as
they shall judge best to prevent the spread and hurtful influence of those
errors.
The Synod having seriously and maturely considered the plan of union laid
before them by their commission, as before mentioned, with all the alterations
and amendments proposed on either side, do unanimously approve of it, and
agree to it, as a plan of union between the two Synods, and do judge it to be
their duty to unite with the Synod of Philadelphia upon the same. And this
Synod having a message brought them from the Synod of Philadelphia, inform-
ing of their approbation of, and agreement with, the aforesaid plan, and desire
of union upon the same, desiring that the time and place of meeting in one
body may be agreed upon, which was done the last sederunt, viz. at four of the
clock this afternoon, in this house. And the time appointed for this meeting
being come, and all other business being finished, this Synod, in order to the
union aforesaid, adjourned, sine die. Concluded with prayer.
The preceding minutes, embracing the correspondence between the Synods of
Philadelphia and New York, preparatory to their union, after a separation of so
many years, will serve to show that the respective parties, while they materially
differed on some points, important to the purity and unity of the Church, were
agreed in their doctrinal sentiments, and in the cordial adoption of the West-
minster Confession and Catechisms. When, therefore, time had allayed their
excited feeling, and calm reflection led them to see their errors, and to propose
measures for a re-union, it was comparatively easy to settle the preliminary
terms, as no difference in doctrine intervened to defeat the arrangement.
This union was happily effected in the year 1758, upon the basis which may
be found on record at their first meeting as a united body. The style of the
body from that period until the organization of the General Assembly, was
*' The Synod of New York and Philadelphia," the minutes of which here
follow.
PART FOURTH.
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA,
FROM A. D. 1758 TO 1788.
1758.
PhiladeliMa, May 22d, 1758.
The commissions of the Synods of Philadelphia and New York met, accord-
ing to an agreement of both Synods the year before, and prepared a plan of
union to be offered to the consideration of each Synod, which was done on
Thursday following, May 25th.
After the plan had been considered and approved in both Synods severally,
each Synod notified this to the other, upon which. May 29, P. M. they met
together, and chose Mr. Gilbert Tennent moderator, Mr. McDowell clerk. The
Synod was then constituted with prayer.
Ministers present : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, moderator, David Bostwick,
Abraham Kettletas, Aaron Richards, Nathaniel Whitaker, Azariah Horton,
"William Tennent, Samuel Kennedy, Thomas Lewis, Benjamin Hait, Charles
McKnight, David Cowel, Charles Beatty, Richard Treat, Henry Martin, Robert
Cross, Francis Alison, Benjamin Chesnut, Andrew Hunter, Nehemiah Green-
man, William Ramsey, Daniel Lawrence, John Harris, Moses Tuttle, John
Miller, John Rogers, Hector Alison, Daniel Thane, Charles Tennent, William
McKennan, Samuel Finly, James Finly, Sampson Smith, John Blair, Adam
Boyd, Robert Smith, Joseph Tate, John Roan, George Duffield, John Steel,
Samuel Davies, Alexander McDowell.*
Ministers absent : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Bewel, James Brown,
Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Silvanus White, Benjamin Talmage, Abner
Reeves, Timothy Jones, John Pierson, Simon Horton, John Brainerd, Timothy
Allen, John Smith, Jacob Green, Elihu Spencer, Euos Ayres, Chancey Gra-
ham, John MoiFet, Jonathan Elmore, Hugh Knox, John Darby, John Maltby,
Alexander Cummins, James McCrea, Israel Read, Job Prudden, Conradus
Worts, Hugh Henry, Andrew Bay, John Hogg, John Wright, Andrew Ster-
ling, Hugh McAdam, Caleb Smith, Alexander Craighead, Robert Henry, John
Brown, John Todd, John Martin, Samuel Black, Richard Sauchy, John Elder,
John Craig, Alexander Miller, Samuel Thomson, Robert McMordie, George
Gillespie, Matthew Wilson, John Guild, John Kinkead, Alexander Hutchinson.
The plan of union agreed upon between the Synods of New York and Phila-
delphia, at their meeting at Philadelphia, May 29th, 1758.
The Synods of New York and Philadelphia, taking into serious consideration
the present divided state of the Presbyterian church in this land, and being
deeply sensible that the division of the church tends to weaken its interests,
* There were fourteen Elders present at this meeting, but the manuscript is so muti-
lated that only their first names appear.
(285)
286 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1758.
to dishonour religion, and consequently its glorious Author; to render govern-
ment and discipline ineffectual, and finally to dissolve its very frame ; and being
desirous to pursue such measures as may most tend to the glory of God and the
establishment and edification of his people, do judge it to be our indispensable
duty to study the things that make for peace, and to endeavour the healin" of
that breach which has for some time subsisted amongst us, that so its hurtful
consequences may not extend to posterity ; that all occasion of reproach upon
our society may be removed, and that we may carry on the great designs of re-
ligion to better advantage than we can do in a divided state ; and since both
Synods continue to profess the same principles of faith, and adhere to the same
form of worship, government, and discipline, there is the greater reason to
endeavour the compromising those differences, which were agitated many years
ago with too great warmth and animosity, and unite in one body.
For which end, and that no jealousies or grounds of alienation may remain,
and also to prevent future breaches of like nature, we agree to unite and do
unite in one body, under the name of the Synod of New York and Philadel-
phia, on the following plan.
I. Both Synods having always approved and received the Westminster Con-
fession of Faith, and Larger and Shorter Catechisms, as an orthodox and excel-
lent system of Christian doctrine, founded on the word of God, we do still
receive the same as the confession of our faith, and also adhere to the plan of
■worship, government, and discipline, contained in the Westminster Directory,
strictly enjoining it on all our members and probationers for the ministry, that
they preach and teach according to the form of sound words in said Confession
and Catechisms, and avoid and oppose all errors contrary thereto.
II. That when any matter is determined by a major vote, every member
shall either actively concur with, or passively submit to such determination;
or, if his conscience permit him to do neither, he shall, after sufficient liberty
modestly to reason and remonstrate, peaceably withdraw from our communion,
without attempting to make any schism. Provided always, that this shall be
understood to extend only to such determinations as the body shall judge indis-
pensable in doctrine or Presbyterian government.
III. That any member or members, for the exoneration of his or their con-
science before God, have a right to protest against any act or procedure of our
highest judicature, because there is no further appeal to another for redress ;
and to require that such protestation be recorded in their minutes. And as
such a pi-otest is a solemn appeal from the bar of said judicature, no member is
liable to prosecution on the account of his protesting. Provided always, that
it shall be deemed irregular and unlawful, to enter a protestation against any
member or members, or to protest facts or accusations instead of proving them,
unless a fair trial be refused, even by the highest judicature. And it is agreed,
that protestations are only to be entered against the public acts, judgments, or
determinations of the judicature with which the protester's conscience is
offended.
IV. As the protestation entered in the Synod of Philadelphia, Ann. Dom.
1741, has been apprehended to have been approved and received by an act of
said Synod, and on that account was judged a sufficient obstacle to an union;
the said Synod declare, that they never judicially adopted the said protestation,
nor do account it a Synodical act, but that it is to be considered as the act of
those only who subscribed it; and therefore cannot in its nature be a valid
objection to the union of the two Synods, especially considering that a very
great majority of both Synods have become members, since the said protesta-
tion was entered.
V. That it shall be esteemed and treated as a censurable evil, to accuse any
member of heterodoxy, insufficiency, or immorality, in a calumniating man-
1758.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 287
ner, or otherwise than by private brotherly admonition, or by a regular pro-
cess according to our known rules of judicial trial in cases of scandal. And it
shall be considered in the same view, if any Presbytery appoint supplies within
the bounds of another Presbytery without their concurrence ; or if any member
officiate in another's congregation, without asking and obtaining his consent, or
the session's in case the minister be absent; yet it shall be esteemed unbrotherly
for any one, in ordinary circumstances, to refuse his consent to a regular mem-
ber when it is requested.
VI. That no Presbytery shall license or ordain to the work of the ministry,
any candidate, until he give them competent satisfaction as to his learning, and
experimental acquaintance with religion, and skill in divinity and cases of con-
science ; and declare his acceptance of the Westminster Confession and Cate-
chisms as the confession of his faith, and promise subjection to the Presbyterian
plan of government in the Westminster Directory.
VII. The Synods declare it is their earnest desire, that a complete union
may be obtained as soon as possible, and agree that the united Synod shall
model the several Presbyteries in such manner as shall appear to them most
expedient. Provided nevertheless, that Presbyteries, where an alteration does
not appear to be for edification, continue in their present form. As to divided
congregations it is agreed, that such as have settled ministers on both sides be
allowed to continue as they are ; that where those of one side have a settled
minister, the other being vacant, may join with the settled minister, if a ma-
jority choose so to do ; that when both sides are vacant they shall be at liberty
to unite together.
VIII. As the late religious appearances occasioned much speculation and de-
bate, the members of the New York Synod, in order to prevent any misap-
prehensions, declare their adherence to their former sentiments in favour of
them, that a blessed work of God's Holy Spirit in the conversion of numbers
was then carried on ; and for the satisfaction of all concerned, this united
Synod agree in declaring, that as all mankind are naturally dead in trespasses
and sins an entire change of heart and life is necessary to make them meet for
the service and enjoyment of God ; that such a change can be only effected by
the powerful operations of the Divine Spirit; that when sinners are made
sensible of their lost condition and absolute inability to recover themselves,
are enlightened in the knowledge of Christ and convinced of his ability and
willingness to save, and upon gospel encouragements do choose him for their
Saviour, and renouncing their own righteousness in point of merit, depend
upon his imputed righteousness for their justification before God, and on his
wisdom and strength for guidance and support; when upon these apprehen-
sions and exercises their souls are comforted, notwithstanding all their past
guilt, and rejoice in God through Jesus Christ; when they hate and bewail
their sins of heart and life, delight in the laws of God without exception, reve-
rently and diligently attend his ordinances, become humble and self denied,
and make it the business of their lives to please and glorify God and to do
good to their fellow men ; this is to be acknowledged as a gracious work of
God, even though it should be attended with unu.sual bodily commotions or
some more exceptionable circumstances, by means of infirmity, temptations,
or remaining corruptions; and wherever religious appearances are attended
with the good effects above mentioned, we desire to rejoice in and thank God
for them.
But on the other hand, when persons seeming to be under a religious con-
cern, imagine that they have visions of the human nature of Jesus Christ, or
hear voices, or see external lights, or have fainting and convulsion-like fits, and
on the account of these judge themselves to be truly converted, though the^
have not the Scriptural characters of a work of God above described, we believe
288 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1758
such persons are under a dangerous delusion. And wc testify our utter disap-
probation of such a delusion, wherever it attends any religious appearances, in
any church or time.
Now as both Synods are agreed in their sentiments concerning the nature of
a work of grace, and declare their desire and purpose to promote it, diflerent
judgments respecting particular matters of fact, ought not to prevent their
union ; especially as many of the present members have entered into the minis-
try since the time of the aforesaid religious appearances.
Upon the whole, as the design of our union is the advancement of the IMedi-
ator's kingdom ; and as the wise and faithful discharge of the ministerial func-
tion is the principal appointed mean for that glorious end, we judge, that this
is a proper occasion to manifest our sincere intention, unitedly to exert our-
selves to fulfil the ministry we have received of the Lord Jesus. Accordingly,
we unanimously declare our serious and fixed resolution, by divine aid, to take
heed to ourselves that our hearts be upright, our discourse edifying, and our
lives exemplary for purity and godliness ; to take heed to our doctrine, that it
be not only orthodox but evangelical and spiritual, tending to awaken the
secure to a suitable concern for their salvation, and to instruct and encourage
sincere Christians ; thus commending ourselves to every man's conscience in
the sight of God; to cultivate peace and harmony among ourselves, and
strengthen each other's hands in promoting the knowledge of divine truth, and
diffusing the savour of piety among our people.
Finally, we earnestly recommend it to all under our care, that instead of
indulging a contentious disposition, they would love each other with a pure
heart fervently, as brethren who profess subjection to the same Lord, adhere to
the same faith, worship, and government, and entertain the same hope of glory.
And we desire that they would improve the present union for their mutual edi-
fication, combine to strengthen the common interests of religion, and go hand
in hand in the path of life; which we pray the God of all grace would please
to eifect, for Christ's sake. Amen.
The Synod agree, that all former differences and disputes are laid aside and
buried ; and that no future inquiry or vote shall be proposed in this Synod
concerning these things ; but if any member seek a Synodical inquiry, or de-
claration about any of the matters of our past differences, it shall be deemed a
censurable breach of this agreement, and be refused, and he be rebuked ac-
cordingly.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Maij 30/7«, nine o^cloch, A. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment,
cnid post jii'eces sedenint qui supra.
The modelling of the several Presbyteries was taken under consideration.
Agreed, that the Presbyteries of Suffolk and New York continue as they
are.
Agreed, that the Presbytery of New Brunswick continue as it is, only that
Messrs. Cowel and Guild are added to it.
And those three Presbyteries shall meet for the first time according to their
several appointments made by themselves already.
Agreed, that Messrs. Cross, Gilbert Teunent, Francis Alison, Treat, Chesnut,
Martin, Beatty, Greenman, Hunter, Ramsey, Lawrence, and Kinkeud, be the
Presbytery of Philadelphia, to meet for the first time on Wednesday next, at
four o'clock in the afternoon, at the old Presbyterian church.
Agreed, that Messrs. John Miller, Tuttle, Harris, Henry, and AYilson, be a
Leweston Presbytery, and have the congregations in Kent on Delaware, Sus-
sex, Worcester, Somerset, Dorset, Queen Anne's, and Kent, in Maryland,
1758.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 289
under their care, to meet first at Cool Spring on the last Tuesday of July next ;
and that the Presbyteries of New Castle assist them in supplying their vacan-
cies till they be further provided with settled pastors.
Agreed, that the first and second Presbyteries of New Castle and Donnegal
continue as they are for the present, only they shall correspond with each other
at their meetings.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'cIocTc, P. M. the Synod met, and post ])^'^^(^^ sederunt qui
supra.
At Mr. Thane's request, being disannexed from the Presbytery of New
York, he is left at liberty to join either of the New Castle Presbyteries or
Lewiston, before our next.
Agreed, that Messrs. Craighead, Black, Craig, Miller, Davies, Todd, Henry,
Wright, Brown, and Martin, in Virginia and southward, be the Presbytery of
Hanover, to meet for the first time at Mr. Wright's congregation in Cumberland
county, on the second Wednesday of July next.
Several very earnest applications were made to the Synod by Welch peo-
ple in different parts, representing that many among them understand not the
English tongue, and unless they have a pastor capable of speaking in their
own language they must live entirely destitute of ordinances ; that a certain
Mr. John Griffith, came some years ago from Wales, with good certificates of
his Christian knowledge and piety, though he has not had a liberal education,
and of being there licensed to preach the gospel ; that he has preached among
them to their great satisfaction, and therefore pray the Synod to ordain him to
the ministry, that he may both preach and also administer the sacraments
among them.
Upon considering the case, the Synod find that several members have seen
his certificates from Wales, that some have conversed with him and were
much satisfied with his Christian knowledge and acquaintance with experi-
mental religion ; that those of the Welch here, who testify to the Synod con-
cerning his useful preaching and pious conduct, are known to be men of judg-
ment and integrity ; and as the circumstances of that people are singular, and
no other way appears in which they can enjoy ordinances, the Synod agree,
that the said Mr. John Griffith, though he has not the measure of school
learning usually required, and which they judge to be ordinarily requisite, be
ordained to the work of the ministry; and appoint Messrs. Samuel Davies,
Dr. Alison, Treat, Hunter, and Kettletas, to be a Presbytery pro re nata, to
ordain him to-morrow at 11 o'clock.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison and the clerk prepare reasons for a fast to be ap-
pointed by the Synod, and for congregations employing days in joint prayer
during the present calamities.
Agreed, that appointments made by the several Synods and Presbyteries
before union, which are not inconsistent therewith, be fulfilled.
Agreed, that the commissions appointed before by the two Synods, with
the present moderator, be together the commission of this Synod for the ensuing
year.
Adjourned to eight o'clock to-morrow morning, and concluded with prayer.
t
3Iay 31s?, the Synod met according to adjournment, and post preces sederunt
qui supra.
Agreed, that the several funds which were under the care of the Synods of
Philadelphia and New York, shall be under the direction of this Synod, to be
290 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1758.
applied to their respective uses and designs specified in the books relating to
these funds as heretofore.
A case of conscience was proposed, and the consideration of it deferred till
our next meeting.
Agreed, That Messrs. Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, and Treat, be a
committee to correspond in the name of the Synod, with the churches of our
persuasion in Britain and Ireland, and in these colonies and elsewhere, by
means of proper persons in these churches, for the ensuing year.
Ordered, That Mr. iMcDowell supply at Middleton next Sabbath.
The Synod being informed by Mr. Cross and Dr. Alison, that the honourable
trustees in London for the fund, raised for German emigrants, have allowed
an annual sum to assist the Synod in maintaining a school for educating youths
for the ministry among us, wherein some Dutch children are to be taught
gratis, if they apply for it : Agreed, that this aifuir be left to the committee
for correspondence for the ensuing year.
The members appointed to be a Presbytery, pro re nata, to ordain Mr. John
Griffith, brought in the following report :
"■ The members appointed to be a Presbytery, pro re nata, met according to
appointment, and chose Mr. Davis moderator. Dr. Alison clerk.
" Mr. John Griffith appeared before us, and after proper questions proposed
to him, (as preparatory,) to our satisfaction, his receiving the Westminster
Confession and Catechisms, &c. according to the agreement of this Synod, and
professing subjection to them, the Presbytery agreed to proceed immediately
to his ordination ; and accordingly, the Presbytery, with imposition of hands
and prayer, set apart the said Mr. John Griffith to the gospel ministry.
Concluded with prayer."
Ordered, That Mr. Griffith belong to Philadelphia Presbytery.
The committee appointed, brought in the following overture for a fast, &c.
which is approved and agreed unto.
Considering the calamities of war, and dangers that threaten us from savage
and antichristian enemies, the ravages and barbarities committed on our borders,
and how much our safety and welfare depend on the success of this campaign;
and being sensible that God has been greatly provoked by our ingratitude for
mercies received, the decay of vital religion, the prevailing of vice and immo-
rality in the land, and the contempt of gospel light, liberty, and privileges, we
judge ourselves loudly called upon to repe}itauce and huinili;ition, and accord-
ingly the Synod recommend that a day of fasting and prayer be observed by all
the congregations under our care, to deprecate the wrath of God, to pray for a
blessing on his majesty's armaments by sea and land, in order to procure a
lasting and honourable peace, and in particuUir for the success of all our
intended expeditions in America; for the prosperity of his Prussian majesty's
arms, and advancement of the Protestant interest ; for the overthrow of anti-
christian errors, superstition, and tyranny; and the universal spread of pure
and undeiilcd religion. And 'tis ordered, that the members within the bounds
of this province, observe it on the sixteenth of June next, being the day ap-
pointed by this government for that purpose; and that those brethren who live
in the bounds of other governments, observe it on such a day in June or July
next as the several Presbyteries think proper.
And as prayer has been made without ceasing, by the Church in times of
imminent danger, and God has heard his people in a day of trouble, and de-
livered them, the Synod recommend that some time be spent in social prayer,
by every congregation within their bounds on the last Thursday of every
month, dui'ing these times of trouble and rebuke. And that with these pro-
fessions of liumiliation, ministers and people earnestly plead with God for
more abundant ofi'usions of the gracious influences of his lluly Spirit, that
1759.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 291
they may be disposed to sobriety, peace, charity, submission to the Divine
will, and be prepared for every good work ; that their practice may be agree-
able to their profession ; and their light so shine before men, that they behold-
ing their humble, pious conversation, may glorify our Father who is in heaven.
Ordered, That the clerk purchase a new book, and insert the minutes of this
- Synod, and that the Synod pay the cost.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. on the third Wednesday of May next, to
meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.
1759.
Philadeljjhia, May \Q>th, 1759, at the Second Presbyterian Church.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
Vbi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. John "Wright, John Todd, Samuel Black, John Craig,
Alexander Miller, John Brown, Hugh Henry, John Harris, Matthew Wilson,
John Miller, Daniel Thane, Adam Boyd, Hector Alison, Sampson Smith,
William McCannan, John Eodgers, John Blair, James Finly, John Hogge,
Hugh McCaddan, George Duffield, Robert Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Francis
Alison, Charles Beatty, Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence,
Benjamin Chesnutt, William Ramsey, Harry Munro, Charles McKnight, Ben-
jamin Halt, Israel Reed, John Guild, Caleb Smith, Aaron Richards, Nathaniel
Whitaker, Abraham Kettletas, Benjamin Woodroof, Azariah Horton, Alexan-
der Cummings, John Brainerd, Abner Brush, Elihu Spencer.
Elders: Messrs. John Anderson, John Hardmau, John Flint, John Mus-
tard, Thomas Scott, David Stewart, John Love, Theophilus Alexander, John
McKnight, Thomas Brown, Richard Walker, Nathaniel Dimon, Jacob Reader,
Thomas Coon, Joseph Lyon, John Woodroof.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Samuel Davies, Alexander Craighead, Robert
Henry, Henry Patillo, William Richardson, John Martin, Jonathan Pierson,
Timothy Jones, Jacob Green, Jonathan Elmore, David Bostwick, Simon Hor-
ton, John Smith, Chauncy Graham, Euos Ayres, John Moffet, John Darby,
Timothy Allen, John Maltby, Hugh Knox, Nehemiah Greenman, Henry Mar-
tin, John GrijBiths, William Tennent, David Cowel, James McCrea, Samuel
Kennedy, Thomas Lewis, Couradus Worts, Ebenezer Prime, Benjamin Tal-
mage, Abner Reeve, Sylvanus White, James Brown, Samuel Bewel, Moses
Baldwine, Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Moses Tuttle, Alexander Hutchison,
Charles Tennent, Samuel Finly, Samuel Harker, Andrew Bay, Andrew Ster-
ling, Robert Smith, John Roan, John Elder, Richard Zanchy, Samuel Thom-
son, Robert McMurdie, Joseph Tate, John Steel, George Gillespie, Alexander
McDowel.
The Synod was opened with a sermon by Mr. Gilbert Tennent, the last
year's moderator, on Matthew v. 9.
Mr. Ross, a minister from New England, being present, was invited to sit as
a correspondent.
Mr. Cross was chosen moderator, Mr. John Blair clerk.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
17th day. Nine o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Cross, on account of his age and bodily infirmity, declined the modera-
tor's chair : Mr. Treat chosen in his stead.
Messrs. Charles Tennent and Samuel Harker are now come.
William McCrea, Mr. Tennent's elder.
292 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1759.
The orders of last Synod respecting Presbyteries, were complied with, except
that Messrs. Black, Craig, and Alexander Miller, have not met with the Pres-
bytery of Hanover as members, by reason of a mistake concerning the mean-
ing of the Synod's minute.
A motion was made by Messrs. Black, Craig, and Alexander Miller, that
they and Messrs. Brown and Hogge be erected into a distinct Presbytery ;
their reasons for it, and the objections of the other members of Hanover Pres-
bytery against it, were fully heard.
The Synod judge that the number of ministers belonging to the Presbytery
of Hanover is too small to be divided into two Presbyteries, and that their con-
tinuing in one, will, at present, be more for edification ; and for the greater ease
of the whole, the Synod order that the Presbytery have two stated meetings in
the year, at some nearly central places, alternately above and below the moun-
tains. But the Synod being sensible of the difficulties they will in the mean
while labour under, assure them that as soon as their number shall be so in-
creased as six or seven can conveniently belong to each Presbytery, that then,
upon regular application, they shall be erected into two Presbyteries, provided
no sufficiently weighty objection lie against it.
Whether the first and second Presbyteries of New Castle, and the Presby-
tery of Donegall, shall be new modelled, deferred till next sederunt ; and or-
dered, the said Presbyteries shall meet half an hour before, in order to converse
about the matter, that they may give light to the Synod on that head.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^lock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui s\ipra.
The order of last sedertmt to the New Castle and Donegall Presbyteries was
complied with ; and upon their report it is ordered, that Messrs. Sampson Smith,
and Robert Smith, John Roan, John Hogge, be added to the Presbytery of
Donegall, and that the first and second Presbyteries of New Castle be united in
one Presbytery, to meet for the fij"st time at West Nottingham, on the last
Tuesday instant.
Provided always, that this change of the state of said Presbyteries shall not
be understood to infringe the liberties of the several congregations in their
bounds already provided for, and expressed in our plan of union.
The order respecting a day of public fasting and prayer was complied with.
Ordered, That Messrs. Charles Tennent, John Rodgers, James Finly, Aza-
riah Horton, John Miller, and the moderator, be a committee of overtures, and
for what other business the Synod may t;ommit to them, to meet at eight o'clock
to-morrow morning.
An application to the Synod from the board of trustees of the College of
New Jersey, for the liberation of Mr. Davies from his pastoral charge, that he
may accept the Presidency of said college to which they had elected him, was
brought in and read.
A supplication was also brought in from Mr. Davies's congregation, earnestly
requesting his continuance with them.
The Synod having seriously considered the congregation's supplication, and
fully heard all the reasonings for and against Mr. ])avies's liberation, after
solemn prayer to God for direction, do upon the whole, judge that the argu-
ments in favour of said liberation do preponderate, and agree that Mr. Davies's
pastoral relation to his congregation be dissolved in order to his removal to the
college, and do accordingly hereby dissolve it.
Sundry references from the minutes of last Synod.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
1759.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 293
ISth day. Nine o^ clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A motion was made that the Synod should address both the Grovernor and
Assembly in order to obtain the suppression of a play-house now erecting in the
liberties of this city.
Ordered, That Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, Kettletas, Cummings,
and Rodgers, be a committee to prepare addresses on that head, to be brought
in as soon as they can.
Moved, That provision be made for the supply of Mr. Davies's congregation :
this aflair deferred till next sederunt.
In pursuance of an order of the late Synod of New York, an account of
money in the treasury of the College of New Jersey, belonging to this Synod,
was brought in, and is as follows :
An account of money in the treasury of the College of New Jersey, belonging
to the Synod of New York, for the education of pious students, settled to the
first day of October, 1758.
Received, October 1st, 1755, into the college treasury, as per Synod's
records, Sterling, £357 4 6
Advance, at sixty per cent, provincial currency, . . . 214 4 0
Interest to October 1st, 1758, at six pounds per cent. ")
£571
71
8
8
6
6
£500
90
0
0
0
0
62
27
4
15
11
1
£90
0
0
£500
337
0
15
0
0
Deduct in part of expenses,
In the treasury, principal, provincial currency,
iterest to 0
three years.
Paid per order, ........
Per order upon the treasurer, to be paid by October 1st, ")
1758, J
Remains in the treasury, principal, ....
The Indian stock,
Total, £837 15 0
Ordered, That Messrs. Halt, Guild, Lewis, and Reed, be a committee for
disposing the interest arising from said money, excepting the Indian fund, this
year, to meet at Princeton at the time of examination.
Ordered, That Messrs. McWhorter, Kirkpatrick, and Latta, take a journey
to Virginia and Carolina, as soon as they can this summer, or ensuing fall, and
spend some months in those parts.
The Synod further considering the destitute condition of Hanover, and the
uncertainty of their being supplied, if suppliers are left to their own discretion
respecting the time of their going to Virginia, do order that Mr. Kirkpatrick
prepare for his journey so as to be at Hanover the third Sabbath of July, at
the furthest, and supply there for some time according to the order of that
Presbytery ; that Mr. McWhorter be at Hanover the first of September, and
that Mr. Latta be there the first of November at the furthest ; and that the
Presbyteries of Philadelphia and New Brunswick take care that these gentle-
men fulfil this appointment, and neither prescribe nor allow them employment
in our bounds so as to disappoint this our good intention.
Ordered, That Mr. Lewis and these gentlemen supply Hanover and other
vacancies, at the direction of the Presbytery of Hanover.
294 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1759.
Mr. Brainerd applied to the Synod for their advice whether it was his duty
to leave his present charge at Newark and resume his mission to the Indians.
Arguments on both sides were fully heard.
Though the Synod are tenderly affected with the case of Newark congrega-
tion, yet in consideration of the great importance of the Indian mission, they do
unanimously advise Mr. Brainerd to resume it.
The Synod do further agree to give him the interest of the Indian fund for
this year, in order to his more comfortable subsistence.
Ordered, That Mr. McKnight visit the Indians twice this summer, one of
which times to be a Sabbath ; and Messrs. Beatty and Latta each once.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Tliree o^doch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Brainerd and Joseph Lyon, who had leave to go home.)
Mr. John Steel is now come; his reasons for not attending sooner sus-
tained.
Mr. Brainerd being removed from Newark, it is ordered, that Messrs.
Woodroof, Kettletas, Darby, and Cummings, supply there, each one Sabbath,
if need be.
A reference from the Presbytery of Philadelphia, respecting a call from the
first Presbyterian congregation in this city, offered to them to be presented to
the Rev. Harry Munro, and objections against it by some members of said con-
gregation, was brought into the Synod.
AH papers relative to that affiiir were read, and all parties fully heard.
The Synod spent some time in reasoning upon this affair, but not having time
to issue it, the further consideration of it is deferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
iVtne o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. ^
(Except Messrs. Finly and Theophilus Alexander, who had leave to go
home.)
The late first Presbytery of New Castle reported that Mr. John Ewing was
ordained since the opening of this session of Synod, accordingly he is now en-
rolled as a member.
Ordered, That Mr. Brush preach at college to-morrow.
The addresses to the Governor and Assembly not yet brought in.
A reference from the Presbytery of Hanover respecting an affair from Rock-
fish, was brought into the Synod, but the evidences respecting the affair not
being here, the matter is referred back to said Presbytery.
The affair respecting the first Presbyterian congregation in this city was
resumed.
In the course of reasonings upon it a case of conscience was put, viz. whether
a minister, having connexion with any part of his majesty's regular forces as
their chaplain, and receiving the salary, or any part thereof, as such, may or
ought to accept of a stated pastoral relation to any congregation? which ques-
tion was answered in the negative.
Upon a motion made by some members of the congregation, the affair is de-
ferred till three o'clock, P. M. on Monday.
A complaint against the late first Presbytery of New Castle, by Janet
Smith, was brought in, but as the matter is not ready for trial, the Synod ap-
point the present Presbytery of New Castle, and Messrs. Elder, Roan, John
Miller, and Steel, to be a committee of the Synod to take such notice of the
grounds of her complaint as they shall judge necessary; the committee to
1759.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 295
meet at Chestnut Level, on the third "Wednesday of June ; the Presbytery of
New_ Castle to cite necessary evidences, and notify the absent members who are
appointed.
At Mr. Kinkead's request Messrs. Steel, Caleb Smith, Horton, and John
Miller, ordered to be a committee to converse with him this afternoon.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, A. M. on Monday Concluded with prayer.
21st day, at ten o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui sxqira.
(Except Mr. Whitaker, who had leave to go in order to preach at Trenton.)
The committee appointed to converse with Mr. Kinkead, report, that they had
not yet finished their conference.
Messrs. John Todd, Hugh Henry, John Miller, Adam Boyd, Samuel Finly,
. Joseph Tate, Robert Smith, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, William Tennent,
John Guild, Caleb Smith, Azariah Horton, James Brown, Elihu Spencer, and
the moderator, to be the commission of the Synod for this ensuing year, six of
which number, and the moderator, to be a quorum.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Beatty applied to the Synod for advice, whether it was his duty to
accept_ an invitation to go out as chaplain with, the Pennsylvania troops this
campaign.
The Synod having heard Mr. Beatty, and considered the representation made
of the state of his congregation, judge it his duty to decline it.
The alfair of the first Presbyterian congregation in this city, resumed.
The commissioners of the congregation were further heard upon a suggestion
they had something new to offer. °
The Synod had some conference with Mr. Monro. This aff"air further de-
ferred.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
22c? day, at nine o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Cummins, Kettletas, Charles Tennent, Sampson Smith, and
Guild, who went without asking leave.)
The case of conscience brought into the last Synod, viz : whether a man who
has married his half brother's widow, may lawfully live with her as his wife,
was a httle considered, but as the members have not generally closely examined
this matter in its general nature, it is deferred till next Synod ; and it is or-
dered, that the several members bring or send their sentiments in writino- and
inform the absent members to do the like. °
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, Beatty, and the
moderator, be a committee to manage respecting the German fund, and that
Dr. Ahson have authority to call the committee together as often as occasion
may require.
Ordered, That the above persons, together with Mr. Davies, be a committee
of correspondence for the ensuing year, and that they particularly propose to
the Presbyterian churches abroad, to settle some plan of correspondence upon
which it shall be carried on.
The affair of the first congregation of Philadelphia resumed; and after much
reasoning upon it, the Synod conclude, that notwithstanding it appears there
was some confusion attending the vote of the congregation respecting Mr.
Munro, which might give some colour of complaint to the minor party, yet as
there was a great majority for Mr. Munro, who still continue to adhere to him,
296 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1759.
they judge the above said vote is so far legal, as that the Presbytery be allowed
to present the call to Mr. Munro, to which judicature the further prosecution
of this affair, (in consistency with the vote of Synod already passed,) is
committed; though they cannot but testify their high disapprobation of the
insulting, injurious manner in which some of the persons prosecuting said call
have treated this judicature by an unchristian paper delivered in to them,
which, however detestable, they desire to forgive as the ministers of Christ.
And being greatly desirous of the welfare of this society, the Synod do earnestly
recommend it to the minor party to acquiesce, and exhort and enjoin it on the
majority, that they carry it towards their brethren of the minor party with all
that Christian temper, moderation, and charity, that becomes the followers of
Jesus Christ ; and that both parties, in all future time, study the things that
make for peace.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
An account of the state of the fund under the direction of the late Synod of
Philadelphia for the widows' fund :
In the hands of William Allen, Esq.
By a bond of Messrs. Bartholemew and Davies,
Henry Vandike and Samuel Thomas,
£145 0 0
To cash lent to Mr, Coultas, but now paid into Dr. Alison's
hands, 55 0 0
£
s.
d.
, 75
0
0
50
0
0
. 20
0
0
Total, £200 0 0
In the Synod's hands for the widows of ministers who died before this fund
was projected, &c.
Brintnel's bond, .......
Joshua and Simon Thomas' S; ......
Jacob Maag, ........
Moor and Cuningham, . ......
Total,
Insolvent bonds.
Mr. Houston's, .... ....
JMr. Gelston's, ........
Mr. Stevenson's,
Mr. Thomson's,
Total, £55 0 0
A charter for a fund for the relief of poor Presbyterian ministers and minis-
ters' widows and children, was brought in and read and thankfully accepted.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, Samuel Finly,
Beatty, Blair, and the moderator, be a committee to prepare a plan for the re-
gulation and management of said fund, to meet in Philadelphia on the second
Wednesday of June, four to be a quorum ; and it is ordered that they send
copies to the respective presbyteries, and that they move to the corporation to
£
s.
d.
. 300
0
0
30
0
0
. 25
0
0
6
0
0
£361
0
0
£
s.
d.
. 15
0
0
4
0
0
. 12
0
0
24
0
0
1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 297
appoint proper persons to take in subscriptions; that tlie matter may not be
delayed a whole year longer.
The addresses to the Governor and Assembly were brought in and ap-
proved.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Rodgers, Beatty, and the
moderator, present them to the Governor and Assembly respectively.
_ Application was made to the Synod by Messrs. Duffield and Elder, for ad-
vice both to Mr. Steel's and Mr. Duffield's congregations, whether they shall
erect two meeting-houses in Carlisle or one only.
The Synod are grieved that there should be a spirit of animosity still sub-
sisting amongst the people, and would be far from encouraging any steps that
would tend to perpetuate a divided state ; and, therefore, do warmly recom-
mend it to the people of both congregations to fall upon healing measures, and
lay a plan for the erection of one house only, and enjoin it upon Messrs. Steel
and Duffield to unite their counsel and use their influence to bring about a
cordial agreement.
William Elliot, who by some means lost his eye sight while in the military
service, applied to the Synod for their charity. It is recommended to the
members to propose a collection for him in their congregations, and send what
shall be got to Dr. Alison.
Mr. Kinkead came and gave in a paper to the Synod, as he says, for his own
exoneration, in order to his continuing a member. The Synod, upon consider-
ing his case, conclude that as they have never excluded him, they will consider
and deal with him as a member. This minute being read to 31r. Kinkead he
refuses membership notwithstanding.
Ordered, That Messrs. Smith, Green, Norton, Cummins, Kennedy, and
Eeatty, be a committee to converse with Mr. Harker, and labour to convince
him of his mistakes, to meet at Mr Pearson's at Mendam, the second Wednes-
day of August, at ten o'clock, A. M.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at ten o'clock, A.
M. in the First Presbyterian Chui-ch in this city. Concluded with prayer.
1760.
PhilacMphia, May 21s<, 1760.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment at
the First Presbyterian church in Philadelphia. Uhi post prcces sederunt
Ministers present : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, John Ewing, Benjamin Ches-
nutt, Henry Martin, Samuel Davies, Samuel Kennedy, John Moffiit, Samuel
Finly, John Bodgers, Alexander McDowel, Robert Smith, John Miller, James
Finly, Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, William Ramsay, John Griffiths,
Charles McKnight, Alexander McWhorter, John Braiuerd, Charles Tennent,
John Blair, Joseph Tate, Robert McMordie, Moses Tuttle, Francis Alison,
D. D. Daniel Lawrence, James Latta, William Tennent, Samuel Harker, Abner
Brush, Abraham Kettletas, Daniel Thane, John Elder, John Rowan, George
Duffield, William Kirkpatrick.
Elders : Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Hugh Hamilton, Samuel Allen, Thomas
Tobin, Robert Spear, Robert Evans, John Wallace, Jonathan Lawrence, Robert
Givens, John Sympson, John Hannah, Thomas Ewing, Thomas Shields, Wil-
liam McCrea, Robert Wallace, Robert McCoomb.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Robert Cross, Adam Boyd, Andrew Sterling
Charles Beatty, William McKennan, John Pearson, Nehemiah Greenman
Andrew Bay, Timothy Jones, Caleb Smith, Chancey Graham, Jacob Green
Benjamin Hait, Aaron Richards, Nathaniel Whitaker, John Smith, John
Maltby, Job Pruden, Benjamin Talmage, James Brown, Silas Leonard, John
38
298 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1760.
Wright, John Craig, Hugh Henry, Henry Patillo, John Hogg, Charles Ten-
nent, Hector Alison, Matthew Wilson, David Bostwick, Enos Airs, Elihu
Spencer, Israel Read, David Cowel, Jonathan Elmore, John Darby, James
McCrea, Thomas Lewis, Abner Heave, Samuel Bewel, Eliphalet Bull, John
Todd, Alexander Miller, Alexander Craighead, William Bichardson, Hugh
McCadden, Richard Zanchy, Samuel Thompson, John Harris, Azariah Horton,
Benjamin WoodrolF, Hugh Knox, John Guild, Alexander Cummins, Simon
Horton, Timothy Allen, Conradus Worts, Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White,
Moses Baldwin, Samuel Sacket, Samuel Black, John Brown, Robert Henry,
John Martin, Alexander Hutchinson, John Steel, Sampson Smith.
Mr. Davies chosen moderator, and Mr. Ewing clerk.
The Synod was opened by a sermon from Am. vii. 5, by Mr. Treat, the last
yeait's moderator.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained the Rev.
Mr. James Latta to the work of the ministry, and licensed Mr. Joseph Mont-
gomery. The New York Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. Azel
Roe. The New Castle Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. John
Strain. xVnd the New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have licensed
Messrs. John Hannah, John Clark, John Carmicle, and William Mills, and
that they have ordained the Rev. Messrs. Alexander McWhorter and William
Kirkpatrick since our last.
Ordered, That the moderator, Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Finly,
Richard Treat, be appointed a committee to prepare some rules for the expe-
diting and regulating the transactions' of the Synod, to be laid before the Synod
to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
May 22f?, the Synod met according to adjournment. Vhi post preces sede-
runt qui siipra.
The reasons for the absence of Messrs. Boyd, Piei-son, Caleb Smith, Timothy
Jones, Simon Horton, David Bostwick, Benjamin Woodroff, John Darby, Na-
thaniel Whitaker, Timothy Allen, Sampson Smith, Nehemiah Greenman, being
made known to the Synod, were sustained.
The reasons of the absence of the Rev. Messrs. Davies, Moffat, Griffith,
William Tennent, Kennedy, Tuttle, Samuel Finly, Robert Smith, Roan, Elder,
McMordy, Tate, McDowel, at our last, are sustained.
The Rev. Mr. George Gillespie has been removed by death since our last.
The Synod earnestly recommend to all the Presbyteries, that they notify
all absent members more carefully to attend Synodical conventions, and not to
expect to be excused without sufficient reasons ; and that those Presbyteries
who are all absent, be notified by the moderator of the next adjacent Pres-
bytery.
The regulations proposed to be drawn up by the committee last sederunt,
were brought in and read, and are ordered to lay on the table for more mature
consideration until to-morrow.
Ordered, That Messrs. Treat, Rodgers, Miller, Kettletas, Kennedy, Elder,
and Bhiir, be a committee of overtures to meet to-morrow at six o'clock, K. M.
at the First Presbyterian meeting-house.
Adjourued till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o^cloch, P. M. met according to adjournment. Uhi post j^^'cces
sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the committee appointed last year to dispose of the interest
of the money in the treasury of the College of New Jersey, appointed to the
1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 299
education of poor and pious youtli, give an account of tlieir disposal of said
money to the Synod, and also a committee to be appointed the ensuing year
at their next meeting. And that Messrs. William Tennent, Treat, Cowel,
Guild, McKnight, and Hait, and the moderator, be a committee for the said
purpose the following year, to meet the last Wednesday in July at Princeton,
who are to give an account of their proceedings to the Synod at their next
meeting.
Mr. McWhorter's reasons for not going to Virginia, according to appoint-
ment of the Synod last year, were sustained. Messrs. Kirkpatrick's and Latta's
reasons for not being at Hanover in Virginia, at the appointed time, were also
sustained.
A supplication for supplies, and for the Rev. Mr. Dufl&eld in particular, from
Hanover congregation in Virginia, was brought in and read, and the Synod
having considered the affair, voted, that the Rev. Mr. Duffield pay said people
a visit about the beginning of September, and continue there five weeks at least,
and as much longer as he judges expedient. Ordered, that Mr. Mills be at
Hanover on the second Sabbath of October, and continue to supply them until
the first of April, or in the neighbouring congregations as the Presbytery of
Hanover shall think fit.
Mr. Brainerd has received the greater part of the interest of the Indian fund,
according to the vote of the Synod.
It is known to many in the bounds of this Synod, that some ministers, moved
with an holy zeal to promote the kingdom of Christ among the Indian tribes,
applied to the society in Scotland for propagating Christian knowledge, and ob-
tained a grant of a certain sum of money yearly, to support two missionaries to
promote the conversion of the savage nations ; they employed Mr. David Brain-
erd, whose praise is in the churches of Christ, and whose endeavours were
blessed with remarkable success in this great work of bringing the Indians to
the knowledge of Christ.
It pleased God soon to remove him from his useful labour on earth to the
joys of his heavenly kingdom ; as the name of Brainerd was dear to these poor
tribes, his brother was chosen to succeed him in the mission, in which station
he continued for seven or eight years, but as the prospect of a troublesome war
made the mission dangerous and disagreeable, the commissioners who employed
him dismissed him from his care of the Indians, and he was employed to preach
the gospel at Newark.
At an Indian treaty, the province of New Jersey bought all the small tracts
of land that the Indians claimed in different parts of the government, and that
they might still encourage the native inhabitants to reside among them in their
own country, they bought and bestowed on the remnant of these people about
four thousand acres of land, which they gladly accepted ; and as many of them
were converted to Christianity, they earnestly requested that Mr. Brainerd
might be granted to them again as a gospel minister.
The annuity which the society in Scotland had allowed to the missionary,
was stopped upon Mr. Brainerd's dismission, though there was and is hope of
procuring it again, Mr. Brainerd was requested by the governor and commis-
sioners of Jersey to undertake the Indian mission. He applied to the Synod
for advice, and though he had a very comfortable settlement at Newark, yet
the Synod, through an earnest desire to promote the kingdom of Christ among
these "poor Indians, advised him to give up these temporal advantages, and
settle as a missionary among those poor Indians, with which advice he readily
and generously complied. But as thei-e is no provision yet made to support
him, and to answer many and various expenses in preaching to, and settling
schools among these people, the Synod think themselves obliged to use all
lawful endeavours to support said mission, and have now at their Synodical
300 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1760.
meeting agreed to contribute themselves, and to make application to the con-
gregations in the bounds of this Synod, for a general collection to promote
this pious and good design ; and do order that a collection for this purpose be
made in every congregation under the care of this Synod, and that the respec-
tive collections be sent by the moderators of the Presbyteries before the begin-
ning of September, to Mr. Jonathan Sergeant near Princeton, who is to receive
it and pay it to the correspondents of the Indian mission to be by them used
for this purpose.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be taken by the moderators of such
Presbyteries as are present, and sent to such as are absent.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
23c? day, at nine o'clock, A. M. The St/nod met according to adjournment.
U hi post ^reces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the interest arising from the Indian fund, in the hands of the
trustees of the College of New Jersey, for this current year, be allowed to Mr.
Brainerd.
Ordered, That Mr. President Davies write, as soon as he can conveniently,
to the society for managing the Indian mission in Virginia, to let them know
the diflBicult state of Indian affairs in New Jersey, and to request their interest
and concurrence to obtain some relief for our Indian mission and schools from
the New England company in London. And that the board of correspondents
in New Jersey, be requested by said Mr. President Davies, to give a narrative
of the state of that mission, and to request the assistance of the New England
society for its support; unless a fund or pension sufficient to support that
mission, be obtained from the Scotch society before the last Wednesday of next
September.
Mr. McKnight was hindered from visiting the Indians, as the last Synod
appointed, by sickness. Mr. Latta's reasons for not visiting the Indians are
sustained. Mr. Kettletas supplied Newark as appointed. Mr. Brush preached
in college as appointed.
The committee appointed to meet at Chesnut Level, to hear and judge of
the complaint made by Jannet Smith, report, that they met and determined
that affair according to order.
Agreed, that Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, Treat, Ewing, John
IMiller, Wilson, Samuel Finly, Blair, Boyd, Teat, Elder, Robert Smith, Wil-
liam Tennent, Caleb Smith, John Guild, Azariah Horton, Brown, Spencer,
and the moderator, with the elders, Messrs. John Wallace, Gunning Bedford,
Thomas Ewing, Hugh Hamilton, Robert Evans, John Sympson, be a commis-
sion for the ensuing year, and that any eight and the moderator be a quorum.
The case of conscience concerning a man having married his half brother's
widow, was brought under consideration, and several members offered their
thoughts on it; but the further consideration was deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clocli, met according to adjournment. Ubi post preces sederunt
qui supra.
Mr. William McCrea obtained leave to go home.
The case of the marriage resumed. After some further converse on this point,
agreed, that Messrs. Samuel Finley, James Einlcy, Blair, Miller, Kettletas, and
Gilbert Tennent, be a committee to bring in a sum of what they can find in
Scripture and the English law on that point, against Monday afternoon ; and
also on a second case from Douegall I'resbytery, where a brother's and sister's
1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 301
relicts married together ; and on a third case of a man's marrying two sisters,
one after the othei-'s death.
Agreed, that Messrs. Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, and Treat, be a
committee to manage the affair respecting the German fund, and that Dr. Ali-
son call the committee together as often as he sees occasion, and that some part,
as they can afford, be allowed Mr. Duffield for his school in the year past. Mr
Kodgers had leave to go home.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
24:t7i day, at nine odoch, met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces
sedei-unt qui sxipra.
Messrs. John Sympson, Jonathan Lawrence, and Thomas Ewing, have leave,
for weighty reasons, to go home.
The committee for correspondence deferred. The affair of the fund deferred.
The committee for the widows' fund deferred.
Mr. Barker's affair was taken into consideration. The committee appointed
last year to converse with him brought in the following report : That they met
at the Rev. Mr. John Pierson's, ubi post jyreces sederunt, ministers, Messrs.
John Pierson, Caleb Smith, Jacob Green, Timothy Jones, Azariah Horton,
Samuel Kennedy, and Jonathan Elmore, correspondent.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Alexander Cummins, Charles Beatty.
Mr. Pierson chosen moderator, and Mr. Kennedy clerk.
Mr. Samuel Harker's paper, containing his principles, together with some
arguments to support them, was read and maturely deliberated upon ; and the
committee being in doubt what Mr. Harker's real sentiments were, as they ap-
peared not to be clearly expressed in said paper, proceeded to query with him
largely on the several heads, and were well pleased to find, on inquiry, that
Mr. Harker's sentiments, in some points which on first view of his paper ap-
peared erroneous, were in substance (though far from being happily and cau-
tiously expressed) agreeable to the opinion of the generality of our orthodox
divines, particularly as to all men's being in the covenant, and the regenerate's
not being probationers for heaven ; as Mr. Harker means, by the former, no
more than this, viz. that the covenant respects the whole human race, in the
proposals thereof; and by the latter, only designs, that every regenerate person
has a sure and unfailing title to heaven, by virtue of their being interested in
the merits of Christ. But the committee were sorry to find, that in two
branches of doctrine Mr. Harker appears really to have fallen into an error,
particularly in holding, that according to the tenor of the covenant of grace,
God has bound himself, by promise, to bestow saving blessings upon the faith
and endeavours of unregenerate men ; and that God has predestinated persons to
salvation, upon a foresight of their faith and good works, or compliance with the
terms of the covenant. On both which heads, the committee laboured to con-
vince Mr. Harker of his mistake, but without being so happy as to succeed in
their endeavours, at least from what then appeared. Finally, they recommended
to Mr. Harker greater caution in his phraseology, and that where he could with
a safe conscience, he would aim at the common forms of sound words, without
affecting to deviate from the usual modes of expression among orthodox divines.
Concluded with prayer.
As the Synod apprehend they bad some success, but find him mistaken in the
two above propositions, still it is thought expedient to try yet whether further
converse may convince him ; the Synod agree that he meet with Messrs.
Samuel and James Finely, Blair, Robert and Sampson Smith, at Nottingham,
302 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1700.
the second Tuesday of November next. And in bis return meet witb Messrs.
Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Ewing, and Dr. Alison, in this city, to converse on
these points.
Mr. Harker got leave to go home.
Adjourned till ten o'clock on Monday, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
2Qth day, the Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sede-
runt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Lawrence, Chesnut,
Martin, William Tennent, Koan, Duffield.)
The committee of correspondents deferred till afternoon.
The affair of the Synod's Fund deferred till afternoon.
The committee for the Widows' Fund deferred.
The overtures of regulations, that were accidentally passed over in their
proper place, are further deferred.
A supplication from Lancaster and Leacock being considered by the Synod,
they appoint Mr. Montgomery to supply Lancaster the first Sabbath of June,
and at Leacock the third.
That Mr. Carmichael supply two Sabbaths in New Castle Presbytery ; the
next two in Lewistown Presbytery ; the next four in New Castle Presbytery ;
and the next six in Donegall Presbytery; and the remainder of his time, till
the fourth Wednesday of September, in New Castle Presbytery.
Agreed with Mr. Latta's own consent, that he be removed from Philadelphia
and joined to Donegall Presbytery.
A very pressing application being made by the English Presbyterian gentle-
men of Albany for supplies, the Synod appointed Mr. Hector Alison to supply
there till the second Sabbath of July, if it suits his conveniency.
The Synod appoint Mr. Kettletas to visit them against the fourth Sabbath of
July next, and supply them four Sabbaths; and that Mr. William Tennent
supply them afterwards, as he can conveniently ; and that Mr. Woodroff supply
Mr. Kettletas's congregation the last Sabbath of July, Mr. Richards the
first Sabbath of August, Mr. M'Whorter the second, and Mr. Smith the third
Sabbath.
The supplication from Windham, in New PLimpshire, deferred till afternoon.
'Tis allowed that Messrs. Alexander McDowel and Hector Alison go as
chaplains to the Pennsylvania forces, and that Mr. Kirkpati-ick go with the
New Jersey forces, the ensuing campaign. The Synod recommend that Mr.
Kirkpatrick pay a visit to the people of Windham on his return, and that Dr.
Alison and Mr. Ewing write a recommendatory letter to the people.
The case of conscience about the marriage deferred.
Mr. Robert Evans obtained leave to go nome.
Adjourned till half after three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At half after three o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. JJhi
post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee of correspondence, appointed last Synod, report that they
have not settled any plan for it, and the appointment of another committee is
deferred till next year.
Ordered, that the money in Dr. Alison's hands belonging to the Widows'
Fund be delivered to the treasurer of the corporation for said fund.
Ordered, that Messrs. Samuel Finley, Tate, Kettletas, McDowel, and Wal-
lace, be a committee to settle the affair of the Synod's Fund with Dr. Alison,
and bring in the report to the Synod to-mori'ow morning.
1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 303
Names of persons who contributed this year to the Synod's Fund.
Mr. James Finly brought in 14s. Mr. Joseph Tate brought in £2 2s. 6c7.
The reading the minutes of our last sederunt, from the aifair of the new regu-
lations forward, is deferred until to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
11 ih day, A. 31. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee for settling the Synod's Fund, report that they have settled
the accounts with Dr. Alison, which was approved as appears by his books.
The aifair of regulations resumed and committed to Messrs. McDowel,
Brainerd, Tate, and Blair, to draw up a minute concerning this affair to be
offered to the consideration of the Synod to-morrow.
The case of conscience resumed, and the committee appointed to examine
what the English and Levitical laws have determined in this affair, broucrht in
their report.
Voted, that the consideration of the above affair be deferred until next Synod,
and that it be recommended to the several members to examine the affair more
thoroughly before that time, and give their sentiments on it.
The second and third cases of conscience deferred till afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d clock, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Kirkpatrick has got leave to go home. ,
The committee for the Widows' Fund further deferred.
As to the second case of conscience the Synod judge, that such a marriage,
however inexpedient it be, yet as we cannot find it prohibited by the Levitical
law, it is not to be condemned as incestuous.
The third case of conscience was considered; and though the majority of the
Synod think that the marriage is incestuous, and contrary to the laws of God
and the land, and agree that it is sinful and of dangerous tendency, yet inas-
much as some learned men are not so clear in this point, it is agreed to resume
the consideration hereof next year.
An overture was brought in, that as a Professor of Divinity, to instruct
youths for the sacred ministry, is much wanted, and highly necessary, the
Synod would try to fall upon some measures to obtain one. And the Synod
sensible of the need and importance of this, earnestly recommend the considera-
tion of it to every Presbytery, that they may consult together how this may be
accomplished, and endeavour to make the people under their care sensible of
the importance of it; also, that they may be prepared and disposed to contri-
bute to so good a design. And ordered, that a copy of this be transmitted by
the clerk to the moderators of New Castle and New Brunswick PresbyterieS;
that they may transmit it to the other Presbyteries.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
28<A day, at nine & clock, A. M. met according to adjournment. Uhi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee for the Widows' Fund brought in their report, which may be
seen in the Corporation Book.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison apply to the Corporation for a copy of their plan
to be transmitted to each Presbytery.
Ordered, That Mr. Lawrence supply Mr. Beatty's pulpit the first and second
304 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17C0.
Sabbaths of June ; Mr. Treat the third ; Mr. Ramsey the fourth and fifth ;
Mr. Clark the first and third of July ; Mr. Treat the second ; Mr. McKnight
the fourth and the first of August; Mr. Treat the second; IMr. Brainerd the
third and fourth; Dr. Alison the fifth; Mr. Treat the first of September; Dr.
Alison the second ; Mr. Blair the third ; Mr. Samuel Finly the fourth ; Mr.
Treat the first of October; Mr. Hunter the second; Mr. Chesnut the third;
Mr. James Finly the fourth ; Mr. Treat the first of November ; Mr. Mont-
gomery the second; Mr. McWhorter the third; and Mr. Ilodgers the fourth
and fifth.
The committee appointed to prepare a minute upon the affair of regulations
brought in the following, which was approved :
The Synod judge, that, agreeably to the usage of other judicatures of our
denomination, it is expedient, especially for such younger members, as shall be
introduced into this body from year to year, to be acquainted with the order in
which they are to conduct themselves and observe the following practice :
Every year, after the Syuod is met and a new moderator chosen, the former
moderator, before he leave the chair, shall remind his successor, that agreeably
to the character he is now chosen to sustain, he is not to leave his chair, nor
speak in any aff"air debated, unless allowed by the Synod, but is only to be a
public person to whom all shall speak, and the common mouth of the Synod ;
and is to see that becoming order be maintained by all the members, according
to the following common rules, which they are all agreed to observe :
That no member speak to any aff"air until he respectfully ask and obtain
leave of the moderator ; that all speeches be addressed to the moderator ; and
when a member has done speaking he shall sit down, or otherwise signify that
he has done.
No member shall multiply speeches on the same point, unless some new
matter is started, or he has been misunderstood, or has forgot something he
intended to say ; and when any seem likely to wa.ste time by speaking often,
the moderator may confine each to speak once only in the order of the roll.
That no member interrupt another while he is speaking, or off"er any different
matter after a motion is made, till it be judged of; nor shall he speak to any
matter after the Synod have judged it ripe for a vote, unless he obtain leave of
the Synod by the moderator.
That in all debates the members shall treat each other with becoming respect
and decency.
That none shall withdraw, or be absent, in the time of a session without the
leave of the Synod obtained by the moderator.
That while the Synod is transacting business there shall be no unseasonable
private whispering, or conversation on other affairs, but all shall attend with
gravity and decency.
If any member act indecently and disorderly, contrary to these rules, the
moderator shall reprove, or otherwise censure him as the Synod shall judge
proper, and if any member shall think himself denied of any just right, or un-
justly blamed by the moderator, he shall not speak disrespectfully to him, but
modestly require the Synod's judgment in the case.
After the former moderator has recommended these things to the care of his
successor, he shall address the members of the Synod expressing his earnest
desire and hope, that they will give all due respect and encouragement to their
moderator, in his duty, observe these rules themselves, and in all things main-
tain the dignity, gravity, and decency, the mutual love and confidence that
become their character. And the Synod recommend the observation of such
rules to all the Presbyteries.
The Synod seriously considering the dangerous situation of our public
aff"airs, and the melancholy state of religion, agree that the nineteenth day of
1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 305
next June be set apart as a day of public fosting and prayer in all the congre-
gations under the care of this Synod, where the governmeut under which they
live have not this year already appointed a public fast; that all may humble
themselves before Almighty God, to deprecate his wrath, and to pray for the
Divine blessing on his majesty's counsels and arms, and the revival of true
piety and religion among us.
Five queries were brought in, which are as follows :
First query. How many ministers are necessary to request the moderator
of the commission of the Synod, or of any of our Presbyteries, to oblige the
moderator to call any of these judicatures to do occasional business?
Second query. Whether, by our constitution, a new moderator ought not
to be chosen as oft as one of our judicatures meet, excepting the commission
of the Synod, which is a representative of the body ?
Third query. Whether our. students, bred in our colleges, have not a right
to apply to any of our Presbyteries for improvement for the sacred work of
the ministry ? and whether they ought not to be received upon sufficient re-
commendations ?
Fourth query. Whether any minister, or probationer, ordained or licensed
in Scotland, England, Ireland, Connecticut, or in any of the Reformed Churches,
ought not to be admitted as a gospel minister, or probationer, if he produce
sufficipnt certificates that he was orderly ordained or licensed, and has behaved
according to his character, provided he adopts our Confession, and promises
subjection in the Lord ?
Fifth query. Whether it is regular for our students of divinity, who intend
to return and officiate in the bounds of the Synod, to go into New England, or
elsewhere, in order to be licensed ?
The further consideration of these queries is referred till afternoon.
Mr. Robert Smith got leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o^cloch, P. M. met according to acJjoui-nment. ZJ hi post preces sedc'
runt qui supra.
The consideration of the five queries resumed.
In answer to the first query, the Synod judge, that meetings of judicatures,
pro re nata, can only be necessary on account of important occurrences un-
known at their last meeting, and which cannot be safely deferred till their
stated meeting, such as scandal raised on a minister's character, tending to
destroy his usefulness, and bring reproach on religion ; or feuds in a con-
gregation threatening its dissolution ; or some dangerous error, or heresy
broached; but not for matters judicially deferred by the judicature, except
some unforeseen circumstance occurs, which makes it appear that some prin-
cipal things on which the judgment depends may then be had, and cannot be
obtained if it is deferred till their stated meeting ; nor, for any matters that
ordinarily come in at their stated meetings. And when such occasional meet-
ings appear necessary to the moderator himself, it is proper to call the judica-
ture together, or upon the application of any two members judging it neces-
sary, provided always, that seasonable notice be given to all the members of
the occasion, time, and place of meeting, and that it be appointed at such a
season as may render the attendance of the members practicable. But
the advice of four or five is judged necessary to call the commission of the
Synod.
Voted, That Mr. Hugh Williamson, a probationer in the ministry, who was
licensed in Connecticut, should be received under the care of the Synod.
The consideration of the remaining queries deferred till next year.
39
306 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1761.
An address from the clergy of the Church of England belonging to this
city was brought in and read ; wherein they complain that some members of
this Synod have intermeddled in their church affairs to their disliking, and
query, whether the paper which they say was signed by the moderator and some
other members, was signed as a synodical act.
The Synod assure these Reverend Gentlemen that they never signed it as
a synodical body, nor heard the paper read in Synod, nor was it as much as
made known to many of the members of this body. As we have not seen the
paper we cannot judge how far they have concerned themselves in the affairs
of the Church of England. We desire to intermeddle with no affairs that do
not belong to us, but as a body can neither prevent the private correspondence
of our members, nor oblige them to produce their letters ; but we presume, if
application should be made to the persons who have written, a sight of the
paper may be obtained. And we heartily desire that the same good under-
fstanding which has hitherto happily subsisted between us and the Reverend
Gentlemen of the Church of England, may still continue.
Ordered, That the clerk give a copy of this minute if desired.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next, to meet in Philadelphia,
at the second Presbyterian meeting-house, at three o'clock, P. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1761.
FhiladeljyJiia, May 2(}(h, 1761.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met, according to adjournment,
at the Second Presbyterian Church. Uhi post j'^reces sederunt
Of Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Robert Cross, Dr. Alison, Andrew
Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, John Simonton, Gilbert Tennent, Benjamin Ches-
nut, William Ramsey, James Latta, Richard Treat, Henry Martin, John
Ewing, John Beard.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, William McKennan,
Daniel Thane, Andrew Sterling, Samuel Finly, James Finly, Alexander
McDowell, John Strain, John Blair, John Rodger.s, Hector Alison, John
Carmichael.
Of Doncgall Presbytery : Messrs. John Steel, George Duffield, Robert Smith,
Sampson Smith, John Roan, Joseph Tate, Robert McMurdie.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : Messrs. John Miller, Matthew Wilson, Hugh
Henry, John Harris.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Harker,
Benjamin Ilait, James Caldwell, James McCrea, Israel Read, William Kirk-
patrick, John Chxrk, Charles McKnight, Elihu Spencer, James Hunt.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Caleb Smith, Simon
Hortou, Timothy Jones, Benjamin Woodroft', Jonathan Elmore, David Bost-
wiok.
Of Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd, Ministers.
Elders: John Williams, Thomas Francis, James AVikleu, David Flemming,
Francis Gardner, Daniel William, Samuel Stevens, Daniel Dickinson, Hugh
Mcllroy, Joshua Thomas, Anthony Tate, James Evans, William Wallace,
Moses Irwin, Jared Graham, John King, Jacob Ford, Andrew Gregg, David
Caldwell, Tliomas Ogden, Walter Stewart, James Boyd, Josiah Scott, William
Walker, Gilbert Hcndrickson, Benjamin Bonnel, David Davics.
Absent members of Philadelphia I'resbytcry : JMcssrs. Charles Beatty and
Nehemiah Grcenman.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Hutchinson, Charles Tennent,
and Andrew Bay.
1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 807
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Thompson, John Elder, and John
Hogg.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : Mr. Moses Tuttle.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Kennedy, Job Prudden,
John Hannah, Conradus Worts, John Gruild.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, John Maltby, John
Moffat, John Derby, Timothy Allen, John Brainerd, Hugh Knox, Chauncy
Graham, Aaron Richards, Nathaniel Whitaker, Jacob Green, Enos Ayres,
Silas Leonard, Abraham Kettletas, Abner Brush.
Of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, Samuel
Buel, James Brown, Benjamin Talmadge, Moses Balden, Abner Reeves,
Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Ezra Reeves, Thomas Lewis
Of Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Craighead, Robert Henry, John
Wright, John Craig, John Brown, Henry Patillo, Alexander Miller, Samuel
Black, Hugh McCadden.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 2 Tim. ii. 2, by Mr. Treat.
Mr. Elihu Spencer chosen moderator, and Mr. John Rodgers clerk.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21s^ May, at nine o'doc/c, A. M. the Synod met according to adjoumvient.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That a letter be wrote to Mr. Silas Leonard, to know bis reasons
for not attending our Synod, and to inform him, that if he does not either at-
tend, or give us sufficient reasons for his absence, his name shall be left out of
our book.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained to the sacred
work of the ministry, since our last meeting, Mr. John Simonton and Mr. John
Beard,
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have also ordained to the same
sacred work, Mr. John Strain and Mr. John Carmichael.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. James
Hunt, Mr. James Caldwell, Mr. John Hannah, and Mr. John Clark, and that
they have licensed Mr. Amos Thompson, Mr. Samuel Parkhurst and Mr.
Joseph Treat.
Hanover Presbytery report that they have licensed Mr. James Waddel.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick further report that it has pleased God to
remove by death, since our last, the Rev. Mr. President Davies and the Rev.
Mr. David Cowell.
New York Presbytery informs us, that the Rev. Mr. Alexander Cumming is
removed to Boston. And the Presbytery of Hanover report, that Mr. William
Richardson is joined to the Presbytery of South Carolina.
Ordered', That Messrs. Blair, Ramsay, Sampson Smith, Henry, Simon Hor-
ton, William Tenuent, and Richard Zanchy, be a committee of overtures to
meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning, at the second Presbyterian church,
and as often as there may be occasion.
Ordered, That Messrs. William Tennent, Treat, Guild, Ewing, McKnight,
Caleb Smith, Bostwick, and Hait, be a committee to dispose of the money in
the hands of the treasurer of the college of New Jersey, for the education of
poor and pious youth for this year, and that they meet at Princeton on the last
Wednesday of July for this purpose; and that they prepare a book in which
the accounts of said disposal be regularly inserted, and that this or an attested
copy thereof, be laid before the Synod at our next meeting.
The reasons for Mr. Duffield's not going to Hanover, are sustained; as also
Mr. Mills's.
308 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1761.
Upon inquiry wlio had collected for the Indian mission, as ordered last year,
it is found the order was not fulfilled by Messrs. Chesnut, Martin, Gilbert Ten-
neut, Steel, Sampson Smith, DuJ3ield, Roan, McMurdie, Harris, McCrea,
Harker, Simon Ilorton, Zanchy, and Todd. Ordered, that these gentlemen
collect for this purpose as soon as possible. And that the several Presbyteries
take due care that collections for this end be made by their absent members
who have not complied ; that vacant congregations be warmly applied to by
their respective Presbyteries on this head ; and that their several sums be sent
to Mr. Sergeant or Mr. Ewing as soon as convenient, and, if possible, before
the next commencement of the College of New Jersey.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Uhi post i^reces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the Indian mission, and the inquiry whether the interest of the
Indian fund, in the hands of the trustees of the College of New Jersey was paid
to Mr. Brainerd, deferred.
Ordered, That Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John
Miller, Wilson, Samuel Pinly, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Ivobert Smith,
William Tennent, Caleb Smith, Guild, Azariah Ilorton, Brown, Rodgers, and
the moderator, with the elders, Messrs. David Caldwell, John Williams,
Joshua Thomas, James Evans, and David Elemming, be the commission of
the Synod for the ensuing year, and that eight of them, and the moderator, be
a quorum.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross and Gilbert Tennent, with Dr. Alison, be a
committee to confer with the trustees of the German fund, about the annuity
allowed out of said fund.
The ministers belonging to the corporation for the relief of poor and dis-
tressed Presbyterian ministers, their widows and children, have leave to meet
to-morrow at five o'clock, with the other members of that body.
Mr. Barker's case came to be considered- He declared to the Synod, that
he had prepared his sentiments for the press, yet if the Synod would take the
trouble to read his performance, and convince him that he is wrong, he would
amend what is so, otherwise he would think himself obliged to print without
delay. The Synod have not suificient time to read and dispute every point in
his performance, which they may judge erroneous or suspicious. Several
members of this body have heard him discourse on these subjects, and have
read some parts of his performance, who think he labours under several mis-
takes; but as the whole Synod cannot form a judgment upon his sentiments
from the report of a few who may understand them, they only at present de-
clare to the world, that as far as they have been acquainted with his opinions,
they do not approve of some of them.
The Synod further agree, that if Mr. Harker, notwithstanding this disap-
probation, shall proceed to print, every member may bring in their remarks
upon his book to the next Synod in order to their further notice, and that Dr.
Alison, Messrs. Treat, Ewing, Samuel Fiuly, Steel, and McDowell, or any
three of them be in particular a committee fir this purpose.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
22tZ day, nine o'clock, A. M. U hi post 2)rcccs sederunt qui sujn-a.
The affair of the Indian mission further deferred. The supplies appointed
to Albany, fulfilled.
Messrs. Robert Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, McDowell, Treat,
1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 309
Samuel FInly, and Rodgers, are appointed a committee of correspondence for
the ensuing year.
Dr. Alison represented, that there was some money in his hands belonging
to the fund of the late Synod of Philadelphia, which he thought him'self
unqualified to lay out for the use of this body in a legal manner, and that
other sums due to the Synod were in danger of being lost, as they were
not a body corporate invested with a power to sue and be sued; and he
requested that this Synod would be pleased to put this fund on a surer footing
if possible.
The Synod agree, that all money belonging to that fund be put into the
hands of the corporation, for the relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian
ministers, their widows and children, to be managed by them in trust, for the
Synod, after the same manner that certain sums belonging to this body, appro-
priated to the education of poor and pious youths, are put into the hands of
the trustees of the college of New Jersey, to be managed in trust for us ; and
that said sums be disposed of according to an agreement made between the
members of the late Synod of Philadelphia, until the widows, who were under
that Synod's care at the union of the two Synods die, or be otherwise provided
for.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison, with Messrs. William Tennent and Samuel
Finly, wait on the above corporation, and request them to accept this trust ;
and that these gentlemen, with Messrs. Treat and Ewing, or any three of them,
act and do every thing relative to this affair.
Ordered, That Messrs. McDowell, Steel, Blair, Ewing, and Rodgers,
be a committee to settle the affairs of the Synod's fund with Dr. Alison,
and make such distributions of its interest as they may think necessary
for the past year; and that they bring in their report to the Synod on
Monday morning.
The first and third eases of conscience came to be considered. Dr. Alison,
Messrs. McDowell, Samuel Finly, Blair, Bostwick, Caleb Smith, Dufiield,
Wilson, and Steel, are appointed a committee to prepare a minute on this sub-
ject, and bring it in as soon as possible.
The affair of a professor of divinity came to be considered. And the Synod
agree to promote this good purpose ; but as several useful designs are at pre-
sent under consideration, which may prevent our raising a sufficient fund for
this end at this time, it is deferred till a more convenient season.
But the Synod being deeply sensible, that the churcji suffers greatly
for want of an opportunity to instruct students in the knowledge of divin-
ity, it is hereby agreed, that every student after he has been admitted to
his first degree in the college, shall read carefully and closely on this sub-
ject, at least one year, under the care of some minister of an approved
character for his skill in theology; and under his direction shall discuss
difficult points in divinity, study the sacred Scriptures, form sermons, lec-
tures, and such other useful exercises as he may be directed to in the course of
his studies.
And it is enjoined likewise, that every preacher, for the first year after his
licensure, shall show all his sermons to some minister in our Presbyteries,
on whose friendship and candour he depends, written fairly, to have them
corrected and amended. And as they are but young preachers, we are per-
suaded that no better method can be taken in present circumstances to im-
prove them in Christian knowledge and render them eminently useful in
their stations. It is also enjoined that they preach as often as they can
before stated ministers, that they may correct their gesture, pronunciation,
delivery, and the like. And it is further enjoined that all our ministers
310 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1761.
and probationers forbear reading their sermons from tbe pulpit if they can
conveniently.
The supplie.s for Mr. Beatty's congregation deferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Vhi post ^n-eces sederunt qui siqn'a.
The reasons of Mr. Brainerd's absence being made known to the Synod,
they are sustained.
The consideration of the Indian mission further deferred.
The Synod seriously considering the situation of our public affiiirs, and the
melancholy state of religion, agree that the second Thursday of June be set
apart as a day of public fasting and prayer, in all the congregations under
the care of this Synod, where the goverumeut under which they live has
not, or shall not before that time, appoint another day for this purpose ;
that all may humble themselves before Almighty Grod, to deprecate his
just displeasure, and pray for the blessing of heaven on his majesty's per-
son, counsels, and arms; and for the revival of true piety, and decaying reli-
gion among us.
In answer to the second cjuestion in our last year's minutes, respecting the
choice of a new moderator, it is agreed, that no moderator has a right to pre-
side in any of our Presbyteries but by virtue of the election of the members
then met; but the presbyters may elect the same person for their moderator
from time to time, if they think proper.
The answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries deferred.
An overture was brought in, to the following purpose, viz. As holiness is a
qualification requisite in a gospel minister, query, whether it be the duty of a
Presbytery, and possible for them, to make candidates give a narration of their
personal exercises, and upon this form a judgment of their real spiritual state
towards God, as the ground of admitting or rejecting them ? This deferred to
further consideration.
Adjourned till six o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
23c? dai/, six o'clocJc, A. 31. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the Indian mission came to be considered. It is agreed that
Messrs. William Tenneut, Bostwick, Caleb Smith, McKnight, Azariah Hor-
ton, Simon Horton, McDowell, Kirkpatrick, and the moderator, be a committee
to consider this matter, and bring in their report on Tuesday morning.
The answers to the third, fourth, and fifth queries further deferred.
The overture respecting the examination of candidates, deferred till next
sedennit.
A supplication was brought in for supplies from llico, Ilawfields, Enno,
Coddle Creek, Bocky lliver, Davidson's Creek, and Lower Settlement, near
the Atkin lliver, all in North Carolina, and particularly for unsettled ministers
or candidates.
A supplication from the Presbyterian congregation in Kent, in Maryland,
was brought in and read, requesting to be dismissed from Lewestown I'resby-
tcry. Tlie Synod judge it is not expedient to grant this request; but order
that the Presbytery of New Castle assist their brethren of Lewestown in sup-
plying that congregation as much as possible.
Supplications were brought in from the Presbyteries of Lewestown, Done-
gall, and Hanover, for candidates, or unsettled ministers, to be sent to them.
Adjourned till ten o'clock on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 311
25th da?/, ten o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Lbi post jpreces sederunt qui supra.
Francis Gardner had leave to go home.
The answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries deferred.
Mr. Caldwell is appointed to supply the southern vacancies, particularly
those in Carolina, who now supplicate us ; and to go thither as soon as possible :
and the clerk is ordered to give him a recommendation.
Mr. Hunt is appointed to supply the vacancies in Virginia, particularly the
Northern Neck.
A letter from the convention of the Episcopal Clergy, now in this city, to
the Synod, was brought in and read, complaining of a number of our body
for interfering in the settlement of Mr. McClenaghan in the city of Philadel-
phia, together with a letter wrote to the Archbishop of Canterbury on this
subject.
The consideration of this affair deferred till next sederunt.
It was overtured that an address to his majesty should be presented by this
Synod. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Bostwick, Caleb Smith, and Rodgers, are ap-
pointed a committee to draw up said address, and bring it in to-morrow
morning.
The queries relating to marriage were taken under consideration, and after
some conversation on them, further deferred till next sederunt.
The remainder of our last sederunt' s minutes deferred till our next.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three dcloch, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui siqyra.
The complaint of the Episcopal Clergy further deferred.
The affair of the Indian mission resumed.
The Synod taking this matter into serious consideration, judge that though
the mission among the Oneida Indians, overtured by Mr. Kirkpatrick, is a
matter of great importance, and which we would gladly favour, were it in our
power, yet, inasmuch as after all the inquiry we can make, no person can be
found to undertake said mission, nor can we in present circumstances raise a
sufficient supply for its support, it is agreed that we will to the utmost of our
power, support Mr. Brainerd ; and for this purpose agree that another collec-
tion shall be raised in all our congregations, one hundred and fifty pounds of
which shall be allowed to Mr. Brainerd for the ensuing year ; and that those
who have not yet collected shall be included in this order, besides their fulfilling
the order of the last year's Synod on this subject. And Mr. Simon Horton is
appointed to notify the Presbytery of Suffolk of this determination.
Mr. Rodgers to supply at Neshaminy the fourth Sabbath instant ; Mr. Clark
the first of June ; Dr. Alison the second of June ; Mr. Williamson the third ;
Mr. Treat the fourth ; Mr. Sampson Smith the first of July ; Dr. Alison the
second; Mr. Williamson the third; Mr. Treat the fourth; Mr. Latta the fij-st
of August ; Mr. Blair the second ; Mr. Ewing the third ; Mr. Treat the
fourth ; Mr. Carmichael the fifth ; Mr. Kirkpatrick the first of September ;
Mr. McDowell the second; Mr. Treat the third; Mr. McKnight the fourth;
Mr. Thane the first of October ; Mr. Martin the second ; Mr. Treat the third ;
Mr. Chesnut the fourth ; and Mr. Latta the first of November.
An appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery of New York, entered by
Mr. Kettletas, was read. The minutes of the Presbytery were also read, and
their reasons in support of their judgment.
It is agreed that Messrs. William Tennent; Hunter, Treat, Dr. Alison,
312 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1761.
Samuel Finly, McKnight, Read, Ewing, Hait, Hector Alison, McDowell,
Sampson Smith, Kamsey, and Rodgers, be a committee to determine this
matter, to meet at Princeton on the last Tuesday of September, at ten o'clock
in the morning ; seven to be a quorum, and that the clerk notify Mr. Kettletas
of this appointment.
The cases of conscience respecting marriage were resumed, and after the
most mature deliberation, the Synod judge as follows : That as the Lcvitical
law, enforced also by the civil laws of the land, is the only rule by which we
are to judge of marriages, whoever marry within the degrees of consanguinity
or aifinity forbidden therein, act unlawfully, and have no right to the distin-
guishing privileges of the churches ; and as the marriages in question appear
to be within the prohibited degrees, they are to be accounted unlawful, and the
persons suspended from special communion while they continue in this rela-
tion.
Adjourned till six o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Gth day, six o'clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The complaint of the Episcopal clergy came to be considered, and Messrs.
McDowell, Caleb Smith, Samuel Finly, Wilson, Hector Alison, being ap-
pointed a committee to draw up a minute on this subject, brought it in, and is
as follows :
The Synod would be sorry that any occasion of difference should arise be-
tween us and that church, and are of opinion that the brethren mentioned acted
without due consideration and improperly in that aflFair, and particularly for
the induction of Mr. McClanaghan to this city; for induction in a legal sense is
what we disapprove as contrary to our principles. But the members com-
plained of declare as follows, viz : That by induction they did not mean a
forcible obtrusion of a minister upon the people against their will, which their
principles as Presbyterians would never allow them to propose; but only the
Archbishop's influence in settling the gentleman in question, with the consent
of the majority of said congregation, which they understood was the true state
of the case. And the Synod further think, these brethren should not lie under
the imputation of what is quoted from Mr. McClanaghan's letter, merely upon
liis doubtful insinuation, nor be put to the unusual task of clearing themselves
when there is no evidence against them, and we hope this will satisfy the
gentlemen who complain.*
Mr. ]]rainerd is now come.
A motion was made from Hanover in Virginia, earnestly requesting that
Mr. Joseph Treat should be appointed to visit that important congregation as
soon as possible, with a view to his settlement among them ; the Synod ap-
prove the motion, and recommend it to jMr. Treat that he comply therewith,
and also to the Presbytery of New Brunswick to appoint him there without
delay.
The address to his majesty not yet brought in.
An overture was made by Dr. Alison, that an address should be presented
to his honour the governor of this province, in favour of the captives dispersed
among the savages to the westward.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
* See Miller's Life of Rodgers, page 134, et seq.
1762.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 313
Three dcloch, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The overture respecting the examination of candidates about their religious
experiences, deferred till our next Synod.
The answer to the third, fourth, and fifth quei'ies in our last year's minutes,
and so often repeated, also deferred till our next Synod.
The appeal from Donegall Presbytery also deferred.
An overture was brought in by a number of the m.embcrs of Philadelphia
Presbytery, that they might be set oif as a distinct Presbytery ; this also de-
ferred.
Ordered, That the address to his majesty be finished by the committee, and
that Mr. Cross sign it as moderator.
Mr. Ewing is appointed clerk to sign the minute in answer to the Episcopal
clergy's letter.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at the first Pres-
byterian church in this city, at ten o'clock in the morning. Concluded with
prayer.
Philadelphia, May the l^th, 1762.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjoui-nment, at
the first Presbyterian church. Uhi post preces sederunt
Of the Presbytery of Philadelphia : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Francis Ali-
son, Richard Treat, John Ewing, xVndrew Hunter, William Ramsey, Daniel
Lawrence, John Simouton, John Brainerd, James Latta, John Clark, Benjamin
Chesnutt, Henry Martin, John Grifiiths.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander IMcDowell, John Blair,
Charles Tennent, James Finly, William McKennan, John Carmichael, John
Rodgers, and John Strain.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Alexander McWhorter,
and James Caldwell.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Pinley,
James McCrea, Charles McKnight, Elihu Spencer, Benjamin Hait, John
Hanna.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Smith, George Duffield, and John
Beard.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Moses Tuttle, John
Miller, Hugh Henry,
Of Hanover Presbytery : Mr. Hugh McCaden.
Elders : Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Francis Brewster, Joseph Ogden, Daniel
Stilwell, Joseph Williams, John Grier, Thomas Armstrong, William Barnet,
James Robison, John Adams, John Little, David Ramsey, John Matthews,
John Hanna, Samuel Allen, Joseph Collins, Theophilus Alexander, William
Gallacher, Anthony Tate.
Absent : Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cross, Charles Beatty,
and Nehemiah Greenman.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Timothy Jones, Jacob
Green, Caleb Smith, Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmore, Simon Horton, David
Bostwick, Benjamin Woodrofi", John Smith, Chancey Graham, Enos Ayres,
John Mofiat, Abner Brush, John Maltby, Hugh Knox, John Derbey.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Kennedy, Israel Reed,
Samuel llarker, Job Pruden, John Guild.
40
8U MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1762
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Hutchinson, x\dam Boyd,
Andrew Sterling, Andrew Bay, Hector Alison, Daniel Thane.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Slessrs. John Steel, John Elder, Samuel Thomson,
John Roan, Joseph Tate, Sampson Smith, Robert McMordie, John Hogg.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : Mr. John Harris.
Of Hanover Presbytery : Jlessrs. Alexander Craighead, John Todd, John
Wright, Richard Zanchy, Robert Henry, John Craig, John Brown, Henry
Petillo, iVlexander Millar, Samuel Black, James Hunt.
Absent, the whole Presbytery of Suffolk.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Elihu Spencer, the last year's moderator,
with a sermon from Acts xx. 28.
Mr. Brainerd was chosen moderator, and Mr. Duffield clerk.
The reason of their absence from last Synod given by Messrs. Charles Ten-
nent, Tuttle, Hanna, and McCaden, were sustained.
As Mr. Silas Leonard has not sent an answer to our letter, the clerk is or-
dered to write to him as soon as it can be done conveniently.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that since our last they have licensed
Mr. Samuel Magaw to preach the gospel ; and the Presbytery of New Bruns-
wick report, that they have ordained since our last Messrs. Samuel Packhurst,
Joseph Treat, and William Mills, and have licensed Messrs. William Tennent,
jun'r. and Enoch Green. New York Presbytery, that they have ordained Mr.
Azael Roe. Lewes Presbytery, that they have ordained Mr. Joseph Montgo-
mery, who, with Mr. Samuel Packhurst, took their places as members.
On bearing these reports a question was proposed, whether it be proper to
ordain to the ministry, sine titido, except for some particular mission. The con-
sideration of which is deferred till our next sederunt.
Appointed as a committee of overtures, Messrs. Treat, Caldwell, McCrea,
McDowell, Robert Smith, Wilson, and Hunt, to meet to-morrow evening at the
first Presbyterian meeting-house in this city after six o'clock this day, and as
often afterwards as may be necessary.
The committee appointed last year to dispose of the money in the hands of
the treasurer of New Jersey college, for the education of poor pious young men
for the work of the ministry, not having prepared matters to lay before the
Synod, are continued a committee for that end the ensuing year, and are strictly
enjoined to bring in at our next meeting, an exact account of the disposal of
that money since the year 1758, and of the present state of that fund, for
which end they are appointed to meet at the time of the examination of candi-
dates for degrees at the New Jersey college this ensuing summer.
Mr. James Hunt is now come.
Appointed as a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, Messrs. Gil-
bert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John Millar, Wilson, President Fin-
ley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Robert Smith, William Tennent, Caleb Smith,
Guild, Azariah Horton, Rodgers, Spencer, and the moderator, with the follow-
ing Elders, Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Francis Brewster, William Barnet, and
James Robison, and that eight ministers, with the moderator, be a quorum ;
and that in case of the moderator's death or absence, the first in the order of
the minute, who shall be present, be the moderator.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May the 20th, at nine, A. M. Uli post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Tate, Roan, and Sampson Smith, and their elders, Messrs. Patrick
Campble, George Cliugan, William Steel, are now come, and their reasons for
absence yesterday, sustained.
1762.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 315
Messrs. G-eorge Bryan, David Fulton, and Hugh Hamilton, elders, are now
come.
The clerk is appointed to write to the Presbytery of Suifolk, to know why
they were absent these three years past, and to let them know that the Synod
expect that they will at least send commissioners to attend their meeting.
The Synod order their Presbyteries more punctually to bring in their Pres-
bytery books to be examined.
Mr. Samuel Harker and Mr. Kennedy are come, and their reasons for their
absence are sustained. Samuel Douglass, an elder, is come with Mr. Ken-
nedy.
Doctor Alison informs the Synod, that he has in his hands some money
allowed out of the German fund for supporting a school, of which he will give
an account before our Synod breaks up, or at our next Synodical meeting ;
and further informs us, that the fund for the German emigrants is now ex-
hausted, and it is supposed that any further supplies from that fund can hardly
be expected.
As Mr. Harker has, without the approbation of the Synod, printed a book
containing his principles, Messrs. Spencer, Rodgers, Blair, Lawrence, Mc-
Dowell, Wilson, and Ilobert Smith, are appointed as a committee to examine
said book, and to bring in a report before the Synod breaks up.
The appointment of a committee to correspond with the foreign churches,
deferred.
The corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian ministers,
and their widows and children, have agreed to accept the trust of whatever
sums of money may be paid to them for the uses agreed to at uniting the
Synods, as was requested in our name by Messrs. Dr. Francis Alison, William
Tennent, and Samuel Finley.
The committee appointed last year to manage the affair of putting that
money into the hands of the corporation, is continued.
Ordered, That Messrs. McDowell, Steel, Blair, Ewing, and Rodgers, be a
committee to settle the affairs of the Synod's fund with Dr. Alison, and make
distributions of the interest according to the agreement at the union, and brine
in a report next Monday morning.
Inquiry being made who had made collections for the Indian mission, it is
ordered that all who have made collections, do this day, between the hours of
two and three, pay them to Mr. Ewing, and that he bring in an account of what
is done.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
May the 20th, at three of the clock, P. M. met according to adjournment,
Uhi post jyreces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Steel is now come with his elder, Jonathan Holmes, his reasons for his
absence are sustained.
The Synod seriously considering that our nation is involved in an additional
war with Spain, and the melancholy state of religion in our churches, do agree
that the third Thursday of June be observed as a day of public fasting and
prayer in all the congregations under the care of our Synod, where the gov-
ernment under which they live has not, or shall not before that time appoint
another day for that purpose, that all may humble themselves before Almighty
God, to deprecate his just displeasure, and pray for the blessing of heaven on
his Majesty's person, counsels, and arms, and for the revival of true piety
among us.
The supplies for Mr. Beatty's congregation were in general well fulfilled.
Mr. Sampson Smith is appointed to supply Neshaminy the fourth Sabbath
316 MINUTES OF TIIE SYNOD OF [1762.
of May, Mr. Steel the fifth ; Mr. Carmichael the first Sabbath of June, Mr.
Treat the second, Dr. Alison the third, Mr. Ilait the fourth ; Mr. Martin the
first Sabbath of July, Mr. Ti'eat the second, Mr. Latta the third, Mr. Ches-
nutt the fourth ; Mr. Clark the first Sabbath of August, Mr. Treat the second,
Mr. Montgomery the third. Dr. Alison, the fourth, Mr. Simonton the fifth ;
Mr. Treat the first of September, Mr. Enoch Green the second, Mr. McDowell
the third, and Mr. Roberts the fourth.
The committee appointed to consider Mr. Kettletas's affair met according to
appointment, and report as follows :
^^ Princeton, Septemher the 2dth, 1761.
"The committee of the Synod met according to appointment. U hi post
preces sederunt
"Messrs. William Tennent, Richard Treat, Dr. Francis Alison, Samuel
Finley, John Rogers, Andrew Hunter, and Israel Read.
" Dr. Alison was chosen Moderator, Mr. Treat clerk.
"The committee took Mr. Kettletas's afiliir under consideration, and finding
that Mr. Kettletas was not present, who sent sufficient reasons to elcuse his
absence, and earnestly requesting that we would endeavour to remove the dif-
ference subsisting between him and the Presbytery of New York : It was
unanimously resolved, that the committee could not proceed in a judicial way
to determine the cause while one of the parties was absent, therefore it was
thought proper to confer with the Presbytery, and to remove all grounds of
complaint between him and them if possible. It plainly appeared from what
had been acknowledged, both by Mr. Kettletas and the Presbytery, that the
Presbytery in dealing with him, intended only to bear testimony in a mode-
rate manner against any thing which deserved censure or admonition, even in
a brother, for whom they had a very high esteem, and that in so doing they
did not intend to suspend him, or remove him from their fellowship as a bro-
ther, but only to admonish him in a friendly manner, and in this the com-
mittee do approve their conduct; and inasmuch as Mr. Kettletas desires our
assistance to remove all misunderstandings, and that he may live in peace and
friendship with the Presbytery, as well as with his other brethren, we have
requested the Presbytery to grant this desire, and they have condescended to
what we request ; and from henceforth do receive him into good standing with
them without any further censure. Concluded with prayer."
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
21 dai/, at nine of the chch, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui siqyra.
Mr. Ewing reports, that he has received for the Indian mission since our last,
the sum of one hundred and sixteen pounds, two shillings and nine pence, an
account of which he has in his book.
Inasmuch as some members of the Synod have made no collection for the
Indian mission, and some have collected but once for that purpose, so that the
sums collected do not amount to the sum promised by the Synod to Mr. Brai-
nerd, they do strictly enjoin every Presbytery under their care, to excite those
members who have yet made no collections, to propose to their congregations
either to make two or at least one very liberal collection for this mission be-
fore our next meeting, and that care be taken to excite vacant congregations
to do the same, and that each Presbytery report when we meet what has
been done ; and it is agreed, that what remains after paying the missionary,
shall be appropriated to the use of a school among the Indians ; and that what
1762.] NEW YOKK AND PHILADELPHIA. 317
money may be collected, be paid to Mr. Ewing, or to Mr. Jonathan Sergeant
at Princeton, and that every Presbytery take a copy of this minute, and that
to such as are absent the clerk send a copy.
Messrs. Ilichard Treat, Dr. Francis Alison, Rogers, President Finley, and
Bryan, are appointed to prepare an address to his honour, the governor, and
one to the Assembly of this province, requesting them to attempt the recovery
of such captives as yet remain among the Indians, and bring in the said addi-ess
on Monday morning.
The overture respecting the examining candidates about their religious expe-
riences, deferred ; to be entered on the first thing in the afternoon.
Adjourned till three of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three of (he clock, P. 31. met according to appointvicnt. Ubi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
With Mr. Kirkpatrick.)
Ordered, To proceed to the consideration of the query respecting the ex-
amination of candidates, which was introduced last year, by being so pro-
posed, viz :
Query : Whether it be the duty of a Presbytery, and possible for them, to
make candidates give a narrative of their personal exercises, and upon this to
form a judgment of their real spiritual state towards God, as the ground of ad-
mitting or rejecting them.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, half an hour after eight of the clock.
Concluded with prayer.
22c? day J the Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post preces sederunt
qui supra.
A number of the members of the Synod who apprehended themselves par-
ticularly concerned in the solution of the question under consideration, informed
the Synod that they considered the question as a case of conscience, and
as there is some difficulty to understand the query in its present form in our
minutes, or how it should be stated in order to proceed ; and some members
being allowed last sederunt to withdraw and attempt to fix what might be al-
lowed the true and proper meaning of the query ; those members have brought
in two papers, M'hich appear to contain the general sentiments of the Synod
respecting the query or the precise thing to be considered, it was decreed that
these two papers should be recorded in our minutes.
But as the person or persons proposing a query have a right to propose it
in his or their own terms, this motion was over-ruled, and the persons who
proposed it gave it in their own words, which are these following :
Query : Whether a candidate's declaration of his own exercises and expe-
riences in religion, given in the way of a narration of these, or in answer to
questions put to him concerning them, should be required by a judicature as
one appointed, warrantable and useful mean of forming a judgment of his ex-
perimental acquaintance with religion, according to which judgment they are
to admit or reject him.
Ordered, That every member be called in order to speak what he thinks
proper to the question ; after which, if occasion requires, it may be debated,
and then determined.
Adjourned till Monday next, at 10 A. M. Concluded with prayer.
318 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1762.
2,4:th day, the Synod met according to adiournment. Lhi post preces sede-
runt qui supra.
On calling the roll, it appears that Messrs. Montgomery, Kirkpatrick, Car-
michael, Brewster, Ogden, and Gallachar, are absent, having left town without
leave.
The Synod see cause to resolve themselves into a committee of the whole
house, to speak in the order of the roll, as agreed before, so as no member
speak a second time till the roll be gone through, and that Mr. Brainerd be
chairman. Messrs. Steel, Wilson, and Beard, dissent from the above resolves,
and desire their dissent and reasons for it to be entered; which is granted, their
reasons are (not brought in.)
The committee having heard several gentlemen speak, adjourned till three
o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three oVdock, P. 31. met according to adjournment. Vhi post preces
sederunt.
Several gentlemen more spoke their sentiments.
Adjourned till to-morrow, at nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
25th, nine o'clock, A. 31. Ubi jwst preces sederxint qui supra.
The committee proceeded to hear several other gentlemen speak on the
question in debate.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clocJc, P. 31. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Several members more oflPered their sentiments.
Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer,
1Q>th, 9 ante meridiem. Post preces sedervM qui supra.
Mr. Martin and Mr. Anthony Tate, his elder, have been absent the two pre-
ceding days, and yet are.
The remaining members offered their sentiments.
Adjourned till three, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
INIr. Kirkpatrick is now returned ; his absence the two past days excused.
The committee of the whole Synod having diligently attended to the affair
under consideration, and every one having had free liberty to speak what ap-
peared to him proper, the Synod resume their former character, and resolve to
proceed in the affair to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
21th, nine, A. 31. Ubi jwsf preces sederunt qui s\ipra.
The Synod apprehending they have, from much conversation on the subject
in their late character of a committee, obtained sufficient light to proceed in
answering the question under consideration, order, that the sentiments of the
Synod be taken by calling the roll in order, to which the affair was stated in
the very words of the question, viz : '' AVhcthcr a candidate's declaration of his
1762.] NEW YOEK AND PHILADELPHIA. 319
own personal exercises and experiences in religion, given in the way of a narra-
tive of these, or answer to questions put to him concerning them, should be
required by a judicature, as one appointed, warrantable and useful mean of
forming a judgment of his experimental acquaintance with religion, according
to which judgment they are to admit or reject him."
And the state of the question being put, affirm or deny, it was carried in the
affirmative, there being thirteen negative and one non liquet.
In consequence of some conversation, |j?-o and con, respecting the sixth ar-
ticle of the plan of union, two papers were brought in, which are as follows,
viz :
1. Proposed, Whether the question now answered in the affirmative be, in
the sentiments of the Synod, an agreement in compliance with the most plain
sense and meaning of a part of the sixth article of the plan of union, where
it is said, '' No Presbytery shall license or ordain any candidate to the min-
istry until he give them a competent satisfaction as to his experimental ac-
quaintance with religion." And, also, agreeable to the order or direction
in the Westminster Directory, wherein a Presbytery is directed to inquire
touching the grace of God in him, (viz. a person offering himself as a
candidate.)
The 2d proposed. Whether said answer in the affirmative was not a direct
and open violation of the sixth article of the union, by which both Synods were
allowed to follow their own judgment for obtaining competent satisfaction as
to a candidate's learning and experimental acquaintance with religion. For it
was well known to the Synod of New York, that the Presbyteries belonging to
the Synod of Philadelphia did not examine a candidate's experiences in order
to have competent satisfaction of his experimental acquaintance with religion,
nor do they think this method Scriptural or warrantable ; and in all the pro-
posals between the two Synods prior to their union this method was not once
mentioned ; and the Synod of New York proposed then, and in the seventh
article of the union they agreed, that the Presbyteries might continue to act
separately, as they had done, by which agreement they confirmed the method
used by the Synod in Philadelphia for licensing candidates.
The sentiments of several members of the Synod, how they understood the
sixth article of the plan of union, was required on this occasion, and, on call-
ing the roll, it appears that the members of the late Synod of New York
that were at making the union, do in general agree in understanding the
article so as to enjoin such a declaration of experiences; and the members
of the late Synod of Philadelphia, that were at making that union, do in
general agree in understanding that article so as not to enjoin such a decla-
ration; and each declare, that they so understood it at the time of making the
union.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clocJc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Some elders are gone home without leave, which the Synod cannot but
highly disapprove, and hope that that part of this judicature will not be guilty
of doing so for the future.
When the Synod seemed to be greatly perplexed and unable to accommo-
date this difference about examining the experiences of candidates, an overture
was brought in by two members of the Presbytery of New York, in the name
and by the appointment of that Presbytery, who, fearing a breach in the Synod
on this question, chose to be absent, but sent the following proposals to main-
tain peace and harmony.*
* [Note by the Clerk.] — The Clerk of the Synod did not deliver this excellent paper
'320 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1762.
A considerable difference of sentiment still remaining among the members
respecting the inquiry into candidates' experimental acquaintance with reli-
gion, the Synod appoint Messrs. Treat, President Fiuley, and Blair, with
Messrs. Dr. Alison, Ewing, McDowell, and Azariah Horton, as a committee to
attempt an amicable accommodation of the affair, and bring in an overture, or
overtures, as soon as they can conveniently.
Adjourned until nine of the clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
2St7i, nine of the clock, A. M. Met according to oj^pointment. Uhi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod appoint Messrs. Enoch Green, and William Tennent, junior,
to go as soon as they conveniently can, so as they defer it no longer than
next October, to supply six months under the direction of Hanover Presby-
tery, and that the Presbytery of New Brunswick proceed to their ordination
as soon as they can, provided they be approved on trials, and that on their
return they supply four Sabbaths under the direction of the Presbytery of
Lewes.
The consideration of a request of a number of the Presbytery of Philadel-
phia to be set off in a distinct Presbytery, deferred.
The address to his Majesty on his accession to the throne was prepared by
the committee.
An appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery of Douegall, by a certain
Elizabeth McClelland, was laid before the Synod.
An appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting a
certain person offered as an evidence, was brought in by a member of that
Presbytery.
In consequence of the above appeal brought in by Elizabeth McClelland,
the Synod appointed Messrs. Rogers, Kirkpatrick, Millar, Wilson, Hunter,
Blair, McKennan, Simonton, Montgomery, Carmichael, and Latta, as a
committee to examine into the grounds of her complaint, as contained in her
appeal, to meet at Chesnut Level, the first Wednesday of September, at ten
o'clock, A. M., and that they shall have full liberty to consider the case full}^,
and determine as they shall obtain light; and that seven be a quorum. And
it is ordered, that all evidences formerly adduced in that affair be cited to
attend, and that a copy of this minute, given or read to them, be a sufficient
citation.
Ordered, That the clerk give a copy of this minute, and of the appeal, to
each party.
to Dr. Francis Alison, the transcriber, which he thinks proper to observe, anrl leave
room to insert it if it can be had from the minutes of the Trchibytery of New York, but
he gives the substance of it from notes on that occasion, and from his own memory.
They overture to this purpose :
1. That where different Presbyteries follow different methods of examining the quali-
fications of candidates for the ministry, they shall continue to do so without censuring
or blaming one another.
2. Where the members of the same Presbytery differ in their sentiments respecting
the examination of a candidate's experiences, it shall be determined how they sliall act
bv the vote of the majority; or,
3. They shall desire the candidate to declare in thesi, what he thinks to be the ex-
periences of a real convert ; and then they may ask him whether he believes that he has
experienced this saving change ; or,
4. If peace cannot be thus preserved, it is proposed that ministers be joined together
in Presbyteries, so tliat they may peaceably act according to the best of their judgment,
and according to the dictates of a good conscience in the discharge of this important
part of their ministerial duty.
1762.] NEW TORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 321
The committee appointed yesterday not having agreed in any one overture,
has brought in several, which were read, and are left under consideration till
next sedtrunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Met at three o^cloch, P. M. according to oppolntment. Vh I post preces sede-
runt qui supra.
The consideration of ordaining ministers, sine tifvh, further deferred.
The appointmeut of a committee to correspond with foreign churches, further
deferred.
The address to the Governor, and that to the Assembly, not yet brought in.
An answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries further deferred.
The consideration of a request made by some of the Philadelphia Presbytery,
further deferred.
The consideration of an appeal brought in from a judgment of the Donegal
Presbytery, by a certain member of that Presbytery, deferred.
The overtures for an accommodation were resumed. As the aifair is of great
importance, the entering into a consideration of the matter was preceded by
solemn prayer to God for his gracious presence and direction.
Whereas some members complain of two determinations of this Synod : The
first was a resolution of a query concerning the examination of a candidate's
experience, in order to his admission or rejection : The other was, the obvious
sense of the sixth article of the plan of union, apprehending that by said deter-
minations the Synod laid an obligation on them to act according to the senti-
ments expressed by said determinations :
Now to give relief and full satisfaction to such brethren, the Synod declares
they had no designs by these determinations, to lay the least obligation or
restraint on said members with respect to their conduct, but only to express
their own sense of the meaning of that article, and their sentiments of the
query ; and hereupon the members declared themselves satisfied, and withdrew
their protest.
The afiair respecting the inquiry into the religious exercises or experiences
of persons offering themselves as candidates for the ministry, was maturely
considered ; and, as a number of the members of the Synod do declare they
cannot esteem an inquiry into a person's religious experiences, a proper, war-
rantable, or useful mean of obtaining a competent satisfaction of a candidate's
experimental acquaintance with religion, and therefore cannot in conscience
make use of it : The Synod earnestly desiring that all due liberty of con-
science be presei'ved inviolate, and that peace and harmony be maintained and
promoted, do agree that, when any person shall offer himself as a candidate
for the ministry to any of our Presbyteries, every member of the Presbytery
may use that way which he in conscience looks upon proper, to obtain a com-
petent satisfiiction of the person's experimental acquaintance with religion,
and that then the Presbytery, as a Presbytery, shall determine whether they
will take him on further trials. This agreement did not satisfy a number of
the Synod.
In compliance with a request from some members of Philadelphia Presby-
tery, the Synod appoint that the members of that Presbytery be erected into
two Presbyteries for one year at least ; and that the new Presbytery be called
by the name of the second Presbytery of Philadelphia; and that Messrs.
Robert Cross, Francis Alison, John Ewing, John Simonton, and James Latta,
be members thereof; and that their first meeting be at the first Presbyterian
Church in this city, the second Tuesday in August.
41
322 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1763.
The remaining business on our minutes is deferred till our next meeting,
which is to be at Philadelphia, the third Wednesday of May next, at ten of
the clock, A. M., at the second Presbyterian Church, till which time and place
the Synod is now adjourned. Concluded with prayer.
1763.
May the l^th, 1763.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met, according to adjournment,
at the Second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia. Vhi post preces sederunt
Of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia : jMessrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat,
Hunter, Ramsey, Lawrence, Brainerd, Chesnut, Griffith, Clark, Beatty.
Of the second Presbytery of Philadelphia: Messrs. Alison, Ewing.
Of the Presbytery of New York : 5lessrs. Bostwick, McWhorter, Brush,
Caldwell, Roe.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, senior, Samuel
Finley, McKnight, Hait, Harker, Reed, Green, and William Tennent, junior.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. McDowell, Boyd, Blair, McKennan,
Rodgers, James Finley, Strain, Hunt, Carmichael.
Of Donegal Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Smith, Tate, Sampson Smith,
Duffield, Roan.
Of Lewistown Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, Wilson, Millar,
Montgomery.
Of Hanover Presbytery : Mr. Todd.
Of Suffolk Presbytery : Mr. Mills.
Elders : Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Robert Parsons, Andrew Crawford,
William Hazlett, Abel Griffiths, Richard Walker, Nathaniel McKinley, Aaron
Mottison, John Wallace, Robert Ogden, Alexander Chalmers, John Smith,
William Irwin, Valentine Dushane, Jonathan Kersley, Thomas Bourue, Alex-
ander Rogers, James Whitehill, Samuel Cunningham, Patrick Campbell, John
Long, Philip Tanner.
Mr. Rodgers chosen moderator ; who, after having received from the former
moderator the charge usually given respecting the execution of the moderator's
office, took his place ; and Mr. Roan was chosen clerk, and Mr. Kirkpatrick
his assistant.
The Synod was opened by the last year's moderator, Mr. Brainerd, with a
sermon from John ix. 4.
The reasons of the absence of Messrs. Boyd, Beatty, and Todd, sustained.
The affair respecting writing to ^Ir. Leonard, deferred till next sedenint.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have licensed siiice
our last, ]Mr. Patrick Alison to preach the gospel.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick report, that they have ordained to the
sacred work of the ministry since our last, Messrs. William Tennent, junior,
and Enoch Green, who, being present, take their place as mcmbei's of Synod ;
and that they have licensed Messrs. Jacob Kerr, Nathan Kerr, and James
Lyon, to preach the gospel.
The Presbytery of New York report, that 3Ir. Caleb Smith is removed by
death since our last.
Lewistown Presbytery report, that Mr. Hugh Henry is removed by death Muce
our last, and that they have licensed Mr. Alexander Huston to preach the gospel.
Donegall Presbytery report, that they have licensed jMessrs. William Ed-
meston, and John Siemens, to preach the gospel since our last.
Hanover Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. David Rice to
preach the gospel since our last, and that they have suspended Mr. John
Wright, and ordained Mr. James Waddel.
1763.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 3 :3
Suffolk Presbjtery report, that they have licensed Mr. Goldsmith to preach
since our last.
Appointed as a committee of bills and overtures, Messrs. Hunter, Ewing,
Caldwell, Samuel Finley, William Tennent, senior, Blaii', McKennan, Tate,
Duffield, Millar, Todd, and Mills, ministers; and Messrs. Gunning Bedford,
Richard Walker, James Whitehill, Valentine Dushane, and John Wallace,
elders, to meet to-morrow evening, at seven of the clock, at the second Pres-
byterian meeting-house in this city, and as often afterwards as may be re-
quisite.
The Presbyteries of New Brunswick, Donegall, Hanover, and Suffolk,
have not brought their Presbytery books. 'Tis ordered, that they be careful
to bring them to next Synod; and that every Presbytery bring their books
yearly.
Ordered, That IMessrs. Roan and Kirkpatrick examine the first Philadel-
phia Presbytery book ; that Messrs. Brainerd and Millar examine New York
Presbytery book. The second Presbytery of Philadelphia have not prepared
their book to be revised. Messrs. Hait and Lawrence are to examine Lewes-
town Presbytery book.
Ordered, That all these books be delivered to the examiners to-morrow
morning.
The committee appointed to bring in the account of the disposal of the
money in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey College, appropriated to
the education of poor and pious youth, report that there is five hundred
pounds proclamation Jersey money appropriated for this purpose; the interest
of which is to be reckoned at six per cent., or thirty pounds per annum, clear
of all expenses : and that the various committees appointed from the year
1758, have made such distributions of that money that there appears to have
been last October, twenty-seven pounds in the hands of the treasurer.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
19th day, A. M. at nine of the clock. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. James Finley, Israel Read, Abner Brush, Azael Row, Alexander
McWhorter, David Bostwick, and Mr. McKnight, are now come, and the
reasons of their yesterday's absence are sustained.
Messrs. Philip Tanner, and Nathaniel McKinley, are also come.
Mr. Abner Brush is appointed to inform Mr. Silas Leonard that he is de-
sired to attend our next Synodical meeting, or give his reasons for non-attend-
ance, otherwise his name shall be left out of the Synod's roll; and that Mr.
Brush deliver to him a copy of this minute, and bring us his answer at our
next meeting.
Mr. Beard is now come, and the reasons of his delay are sustained.
Messrs. Samuel Finley, William Tennent, senior, Guild, Hait, Brainerd,
Kirkpatrick, Ewing, appointed to be a committee to dispose of the interest in
the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey College, for the education of poor
and pious youths, which was due last October ; and also of what shall become
due at the end of the current year; who are to meet at Princetown the next ex-
amination of candidates for degrees.
Mr. Harker is come, and his reasons for yesterday's absence are sustained.
Mr. Jonathan Kersley, one of the elders, is also come.
The Synod appoint as their commission for the ensuing year, Messrs. Gil-
bert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John Millar, Wilson, Samuel Finley,
Boyd, Blair, Tait, Elder, Robert Smith, William Tennent, senior. Guild,
Azariah Horton, Brown, Spencer, Brainerd, Bostwick, Hunter, Beatty,
McDowell, with the moderator; and the following elders, Messrs. Jonathan
324 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1763.
Wallace, Gunning Bedford, Richard Walker, Thomas Bourne, John Smith,
James Wbitehill, and Nathaniel McKinley, of which twelve, and the mode-
rator, shall be a quorum, of which ten shall be ministers ; and in case of the
moderator's death, or absence, the first in the order of the minute remaining,
shall call the commission, if there be occasion, and preside therein.
Mr. Duffield wrote to the Presbytery of Suifolk, and the reasons for their
absence for some years past, were sustained.
It is recommended to them to attend as often as possible, or to send com-
missioners.
Dr. Alison, Mr. Gilbert Tennent, Cross, Treat, and Ewing, were appointed
to collect, and to put into the hands of the treasurer of the corporation for the
relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian ministers, &c. the money belonging
to the late Synod of Philadelphia.
Ordered, That Messrs. McDowell, Treat, Samuel Finley, Blair, and Ewing,
be a committee to settle the affairs of the Synod's fund with Dr. Alison, and
make a distribution of the interest according to the agreement of the union,
and bring in a report at our next meeting.
The Synod appoint, that in case the governments under which the members
respectively reside, do not appoint a day of thanksgiving for the blessings of a
peace, after it has been proclaimed, the several members do observe a day for
that purpose in due time.
The members who have made collections for the Indian Mission are ordered
to pay in the same to Mr. Ewing before to-morrow morning.
Ordered, That there be a collection made in all the congregations under the
care of this Synod, both in those who have and who have not ministers settled
among them, for the Indian mission and the Indian school ; and that every
Presbytery take care that the collections in their vacancies be made in due time;
and that thirty pounds be given to a school-master for the ensuing year ; and
that Messrs. John Meaa, John Wallace, George Bryan, John Bayard, Isaac
Snowdon, be requested to assist Mr. Brainerd to build a school-house and to
dispose of the money collected for the use of said school, and lay the accounts
before the next Synod ; and that Mr. George Bryan be appointed treasurer of
the committee.
The Synod having considered the importance of the mission among the
Oneida Indians, and the small sum of money allowed by the society in Britain
to Mr. Occam, their missionary, together with the number of his family, have
thought proper to take that mission under their consideration and care for the
ensuing year, and order, that he be allowed sixty-five pounds for this year. It
is also requested of the commissioners in New York, that they write im-
mediately to the society in Scotland, praying them to grant a larger sum for
the support of said mission ; and that the money collected in New York and
some other neighbouring congregations be paid into the hands of Mr. Bost-
wick, to enable him to pay Mr. Occam the sum promised him by the Synod,
and that he lay a fair state of these accounts before the Synod at their
next meeting.
Ordered, also. That Mr. EMing procure a state of the accounts of Mr. Ser-
geant, relating to the Indian mission under the care of Mr. Brainerd, and lay
them, with an account of the money received by himself, before the Synod at
their next meeting.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
19;/i da//, at three o'clock, P. M. Post j^reccs sederunt qui svjyra.
Mr. Strain is now come, and his reasons for delaying so long are sustained.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
17G3.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 325
20th dai/, at nine o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Green fulfilled his appointments to Virginia. Mr. William Tennent,
jun. not fulfilling his, is excused.
. The Synod find that many of their candidates do not attend their meetings,
and for this reason many of their appointments are not fulfilled ; they judge
that candidates should constantly attend their respective Presbyteries, and as
often as they can conveniently they should attend our Synods. They there-
fore recommend it to all our Presbyteries to propose one or more of their can-
didates as persons that they think proper to be sent to preach to our frontier
settlements, and that they let these candidates know that they intend to propose
them as such to the Synod, that so our Synodical appointments may be more
punctually fulfilled. And that no candidate, without very weighty reasons,
presume to break our appointments ; and it is recommended to the Presbyte-
ries to impress their minds with a sense of the importance of obeying Synodical
orders and appointments.
Mr. Barker's afiair, which was brought before the Synod some years ago,
deferred.
The appeal from Donegall Presbytery respecting elders, deferred.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
2Qtli clay, lliree of the clock, P. M. Post jjreces sederunt qui sup>ra.
Messrs. McKnight and Botswiek are added to the members appointed last
year to examine Mr. Barker's book, who are to meet at three of the clock to-
morrow afternoon, to bring in their report next Monday morning.
The committee met at Chestnut Level, according to appointment, and their
minutes were read, as also the minutes of Donegall Presbytery respecting the
aifair which the committee were to consider.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
21st day, at nine of the clock, A. 31. Post p)'i'eces sederxint qui supra.
The two first articles in the committee's report, who met at Chestnut Level,
with the Presbytery's appeal from the judgment of the committee, came
under consideration, but deferred till Monday next for want of time to issue
them.
Adjourned till Monday morning, at ten of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
23cZ day, at ten, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Messrs. Boyd and William Tennent, Jun. excepted, who had leave to go
Lome.)
Mr. John Simonton is now come, and the reasons for his coming so late were
sustained.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison, Messrs. Bostwick, S. Finley, with the moderator,
be a committee to form and bring in an address to his majesty on the birth of
the prince and the establishment of a peace.
The committee appointed to examine Mr. Harker's book, have not brought
in their report. Ordered, That they bring it in to-morrow morning.
The afi'air considered by the committee who met last year at Chestnut Level,
deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
3-26 MINUTES OF THE SYXOD OF [1763.
23c? day, three of (lie doch, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A request from the corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Presby-
terian ministers, kc. was brought in and read, which is as follows :
"Nov. 16, 17G2. At a meeting of the corporation in this city it was agi-eed,
that this board appoint some of their members to wait on the Synod at their
next meeting, and in their name request that some missionaries be sent to
preach to the distressed frontier inhabitants, and to report their distresses, and
to let us know where new congregations are a forming, and what is necessary
to be done to promote the spread of the gospel among them, and that they in-
form us what opportunities there may be of preaching the gospel to the Indiaa
nations in their neighbourhood.
"And it is agreed that the necessary expenses of these missionaries be paid
by this board, and that IMessrs. John Meas, Dr. Kedman, William Humphreys,
George Bryans, Treat, Ewing, and the secretary, wait on the Synod, and
earnestly press them to grant this request."
In consequence of the above request the Synod appoint INIessrs. Bcatty and
Brainerd to go on the aforesaid mission, as soon as thc}' can conveniently, so
as to be able to return so as to make a report to the corporation at their next
general meeting in October. And that 3Iessrs. William Tenncnt, sen., Mo-
Knight and Hunter, supply Mr. l^raiucrd's pulpit and take care of his con-
cerns among the Indians, and that Mr. Treat supply Mr. Bcatty's pulpit once
every three Sabbaths. jMr. Chestnut is to supply at Barnegate and Mane-
hockin the first Sabbath of September.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer,
24/7;- d((i/, at nine dcloch. Post preces sederunt qui s^ipra.
(Except Mr. Beatty, whose absence is known, and the reasons sustained.)
As the Synod have the mission to the frontiers much at heart, therefore lest
it miscarry it is ordered, that if either Mr. Beatty or Mr. Brainerd fail of going,
Mr. Kirkpatrick shall go in the place of the person who fails.
The affair depending between some of the Presbytery of Donegall, and the
committee of the Synod that met at Chesnut Level, came under consideration;
and after much time spent in debating the first report of the committee respect-
ing the evidence given by Margaret McCleland, it was put to the vote, whether
the Synod do approve the judgment of the committee or not, and it was carried
approve by a great majority.
The article relating to Agnes McKnight, who was not allowed by the com-
mittee to give her evidence was considered, and voted approve the conduct of
the committee or not; and there were ten non liquets ; but the committee's
judgment was disapproved by a great majority.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M, Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Ewing begged leave to protest against the last judgment of the Synod,
for the following reasons :
1. Because, whether Margaret McCleland first informed the mother or not,
it is certain she joined the other young woman, Agnes McKnight, in the report;
and they only arc the raisers and j)ropagators of that shocking defamation.
]iut, by the late judgment, a person deserving to suffer as a vile defamcr and
a slandei'cr, may save herself by swearing that the person defamed is guilty.
It appears also by this decision that any such a reporter may prove his own
report upon oath, and so a person most deeply interested may by this single
1763.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 327
oath, without any other evidence, prove a criminal case, which is destructive of
all civil or religious societies, as it puts it in the power of any one malicious
or, interested person to deprive others of life, character, or property, by only
saying that they are guilty, and then swearing it.
2. Because it is contrary to the express word of God, in many places, con-
cerning the number and qualifications of witnesses; such as Deut. xix. 15,
" one witness shall not rise up (or be established) against a man for any iniquity,
or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth : at the mouth of two witnesses or
at the mouth of three witnesses shall every matter be established." See also
1 Tim. V. 19, "against an elder receive not an accusation but before two or
three witnesses." So Num. iii. 17; Matt, xviii. 16; Jon. viii. 17; 2 Cor.
xiii. 1. Now Margaret McCleland is adduced to prove some rudeness or im-
modesty offered to herself by an elder, or minister, as appears from the minutes
of the Presbytery of Donegall, taken in conjunction with the minutes of the
committee, who say that she looks on herself to have been unduly treated on
the night of the diversion.
3. Because the admission of such single or interested evidences is contrary
to the judgment of. our best divines, as Willard on the Ninth Com. Ames de
Conscientia, and many more. It is against the law of nature and the sacred
rights of mankind in the judgment of all our moralists, as Hutcheson, Puffen-
dorf, Carmichael, Grotius, &c. and contrary to the laws and customs of all civil-
ized nations. See, on this topic, Justinian's Code; the Law of Evidences,
page 121, 126; Hawkins' Pleas, page 256; Viner's Abridgment, page 247.
So the admission of such evidences is contrary to the reason and common sense
of mankind, and dishonourable to this body.
4. Because civil courts require witnesses to swear that they are disinterested
in the issue of the cause. See Cook. Littleton. And our Church rules also
require that witnesses swear themselves free of bribery, malice, and party coun-
sel, before they are admitted to bear testimony, which Margaret McCleland
cannot safely do, and therefore should not be admitted. And it is a manifest
inconsistency, both in the Synod and in the committee, to determine to admit
her evidence before such an oath is tendered to her.
5. Because the gospel requires, that, in case of private offence, the offender
be dealt with privately, then before witnesses, and lastly before the Church,
if the former fails. Now if a person, in opposition to our Saviour's direction,
spreads horrid defomations and scandal, without either speaking to the person
offending, or relating it to a proper judicature at first, such a person cannot be
accounted afterwards simply an informer, but a gross defamer, be the matter
true or false, and therefore unworthy to bear testimony either in their own
case or any other, until he or she reforms ; and this appears to be the present
case.
Therefore, I cannot but protest against such procedure wherever it happens
for the exoneration of mine own conscience, and declare that I think it would
be criminal in me to pay any regard or submission to any sentence that may
hereafter be passed by any of our judicatures upon such evidence as has been
herein specified. John Ewing.
Upon hearing what Mr. Ewing has now given in as the reasons of his pro-
test against the preceding votes, the Synod think fit to declare, that they appre-
hend they had a view of the matter different from his, inasmuch as they did
not at all design to judge of the merits of the case, or how far one or more
evidences should conclude in any affair depending before the judicature; but
only determined in the particular instances mentioned, that for aught any thing
advanced by the Presbytery or the committee, those persons shoutd have been
admitted to give in their testimony.
328 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1763.
The committee for bringing in the report on Mr. Harker's book, report that
they are not yet prepared.
The affair depending between some of the members of the Presbytery, of
Doncgall and the committee of the Synod was further considered, and both par-
ties were heard and their minutes were read with great attention, and the de-
termination thereof is deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
25(h dat/, at nine o'clock, A. M. Post prcces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod proceeded to consider the affliir of the committee, and the appeal
of some members of the Presbytery of Donegall from their judgment, and after
mature consideration thereof they agreed ncmine contradicente, in the follow-
ing judgment :
1. That the committee had a proper right and authority to hear and try the
case between Elizabeth McCleland and Mr. Sampson Smith, so far as the Pres-
bytery had closed their judgment thereupon.
2. The Synod judge that the committee justly disapproved the conduct of
the Presbytery in the manner of taking evidences by question and answer, re-
specting the affair of Tuesday night; judging that every proper method should
be taken to bring out the whole truth in the matter depending, which some-
times can best be done by way of narrative, and by requiring the witnesses to
tell the whole truth in relation thereto, as well as nothing but the truth.
3. That the Synod do approve the judgment of the committee with respect
to Jean Richey's being admitted as an evidence.
4. That as to the judgment of the committee with respect to William Richey
and Mrs. Thorns, the Synod do not determine any thing positively concerning
them, but refer the decision thereof to the committee to be appointed to sit ou
the whole affair.
5. Therefore the Synod do re-appoint the same members to be a committee,
who met last year in Chestnut Level, with full power and authority to begin
and examine the whole affair between Mr. Smith and Elizabeth McCleland,
(7e jioi'o, and issue and determine the same as they think proper; provided,
always, that they reject not such evidences upon such grounds as the Synod
have judged in^^ufficient, and provided also they do not enter on the considera-
tion of any particular instances of charge not yet specified. But this proviso
is by no means to restrict the committee from receiving and admitting any new
evidence offered for the support of the particular instances of the charge al-
ready brought, or in point of defence. And the Synod do appoint said com-
mittee to meet at Little Britain meeting-house, at ten o'clock, A. M. the last
Wednesday of July next, for this purpose, that six be a quorum, and that the
clerk give the parties notice of the matter to be issued, with the time and place
of meeting, and summonses for the evidences.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. Post pt^'cccs sederunt qui supra.
!Mr. Harker's affair came under consideration, and the Synod heard the eom-
mittec's report respecting his principles collected from his book, and the par-
ticular passages which they apprehended were expressive of these principles,
were read.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1763.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 329
26^^ day, nine d clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication was brought in from Hanover in Virginia, for supplies, to
which Mr. Todd added a more general request, for young men to supply in the
bounds of Hanover Presbytery. Mr. Miller also applied for supplies in the
bounds of Lewes Presbytery ; and Mr. Duffield made the same request for the
west side of Susquehanna in the bounds of Donegall Presbytery.
In consequence of these applications, the Synod appointed Mr. Green to go
as soon as he can into the bounds of Lewes Presbytery and supply there two
mouths, and in his return he is to supply in the bounds of New Castle a
month or six weeks, as it may suit his circumstances. Messrs. William Ten-
nent, jun'r. and Jacob Ker, are appointed as soon as they can, to go and sup-
ply in the bounds and under the direction of Hanover Presbytery six months
at least.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
TJiree o'clock, P. 31. Pustj^reces sederiint qui supra.
The Synod proceeded to consider Mr. Harker's principles collected from his
book by the committee, which are in substance as follows :
1. That the covenant of grace is in such a sense conditional, that fallen
mankind in their unregenerate state, by the general assistance given to all
under the gospel, have a sufficient ability to fulfil the conditions thereof, and
so, by their ®wn endeavours to ensure to themselves regenerating grace and
all saving blessings.
2. That God has bound himself by promise to give them regenerating grace
upon their fulfilling what he, (Mr. Harker,) calls the direct conditions of ob-
taining it, and upon the whole, makes a certain and an infallible connection
between their endeavours and the aforesaid blessings.
3. That God's prescience of future events, is previous to and not dependent
on his decrees, that his decrees have no influence on his own conduct, and that
the foresight of faith was the ground of the decree of election.
It is further observed, that he often uses inaccurate, unintelligible, and dan-
gerous modes of expression, that tend to lead people into false notions in
several important matters, as that Adam was the federal father of his posterity
in the second covenant as well as in the first ; that the regenerate are not in a
state of probation for heaven, and several such like.
The Synod judge that these principles are of a hurtful and a dangerous ten-
dency, giving a false view of the covenant of grace, perverting it into a new
modelled covenant of works, and misrepresent the doctrine of the divine de-
crees as held by the best Reformed churches, and in fine, are contrary to the
word of God and our approved standards of doctrine. The Synod called in
Mr. Harker and questioned him in many particulars, and the further considera-
tion of his afi"air is deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
27^/i day, at nine o'clocJc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Carmichael and Green, who went away without leave.)
Mr. Harker's affair was resumed, and the Synod, upon mature deliberation,
came to the following judgment, viz :
The Synod considering that Mr. Harker has for several years been dealt
with in the tenderest manner, and much pains taken by his brethren in pri-
vate, and in the Presbytery to which he belongs, and by committees which
the Synod appointed to confer with him, in order to reclaim him from his erro-
42
330 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1763.
neous notious ; but that instead of succeeding in these attempts, he appeared
to be rather confirmed and resolute in propagating his opinions among the
people, by a variety of methods to the great scandal of the church, seducing
and perplexing the unwary and unstable : and as he has departed from the
truth, and opposed this church in some important articles, and misrepresented
the Church of Scotland, his doctrine and practice have a schismatical ten-
dency. On the whole, though the exclusion of a member be grievous, yet
we judge that the said Mr. Samuel Harkcr cannot consistently be continued
a member of this body, and aocordingly declare him disqualified for preaching
or exercising his ministry in any congregation or vacancy under our care ;
and do hereby order, that all be duly warned not to receive his doctrines, nor
admit his ministrations, until it shall please God to convince him of his mis-
takes, and to bring him to the acknowledgment of the truth, and recover him
from the error of his ways.
Upon hearing the foregoing minute read, Mr. Ilarker requested a copy,
which the Synod ordered to be given him properly attested.
After some time Mr. Harker came in, and desired to be informed by the
Synod, what they designed by their determination respecting him as to its
nature and extent. The Synod were much divided in their opinions, but the
majority of the Synod returned the following answer : That as by our deter-
mination in the forenoon, he is declared disqualified for exercising any part of
the ministerial office in any of the congregations or vacancies under our care,
so by a parity of reason we judge him disqualified to exercise it any where
while he retains his present sentiments.
The Synod order Mr. Nathan .Ker, and Mr. Lyon to go to Virginia as
soon as they can, and supply three months at least under the care of Hanover
Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
28^/i day, at nine o'clocJc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to examine the several Presbytery books brought
in their reports, which are as follow :
The Presbytery books of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia and Lewes
are approved. New York Presbytery book was approved, save some inac-
curacies and improprieties. And also New Castle Presbytery book, except-
ing one particular judgment respecting Pencader congregation, which judg-
ment the Synod have not suflScient light to approve or disapprove.
The members of Synod being few, and fatigued with close application to
business, agree that the affair respecting the second Philadelphia Presbytery
be deferred till next Synod, when the members are expected to be more gene-
rally present, and in a condition more deliberately to determine whether said
Presbytery shall be continued or dissolved.
The afi'air of ordaining ministers, sine titido, is referred to each Presbytery,
that their members may be prepared to discuss it next Synod.
An answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries, deferred till our next Synod,
and it is recommended to our Presbyteries to take copies of them, in order to
have them discussed. «
Mr. Dufiield's appeal, in respect to a certain evidence in the affair at (Chest-
nut Level, has been effectually determined in considering the affair of the com-
mittee and Donegall Presbytery.
The appeal brought in by Messrs. Robert Smith, and Dufficld, from a judg-
ment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting the ordination of elders, de-
ferred till next Synod.
A request was brought in from a Presbytery in New York government, to
1763.] NEW YOllK AND PHILADELPHIA. 331
the east of North Ptiver, desiring to he incorporated with this S^'nod, and that
some members of the Presbyteries of New York and Suffolk, which are con-
tiguous, may be allowed to be joined with them in a Presbyterial capacity.
After several members of this body had given full satisfaction concerning
their characters, their good standing in the Churches, and that it was not from
any uubrotherly or unfriendly views, nor from any disaffection to the neigh-
bouring churches that they desired to unite with us, it is agreed to grant their
request, provided that they agree to adopt our "Westminster Confession of
Faith and Catechisms, and engage to observe the Directory as a plan of wor-
ship, discipline, and government, according to the agreement of this Synod.
'Tis allowed that Mr. John Smith, and Mr. Chauncy Graham, join with
them; and from Suffolk Presbytery, Messrs. Samuel Sacket. and Eliphalet
Ball, and that they be called by the name of Dutchess County Presbytery;
and that Mr. David Bostwick send them a copy of this minute, to let them
know our determination.
A supplication and an appeal from the second Presbyterian congregation in
Philadelphia, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting the
removal of Mr. Dufiield, was brought in. This affair is deferred till three
o'clock, P. M. on Monday nest.
Adjourned till Monday nest, at ten, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
ZOth day, at ten of the cloch. Postpreces sederunt qui supra.
(Escept Messrs. Tait and Brush, whose absence is excused.)
A query was brought in, in these words : '' As sundry members and congre-
gations within the bounds of our Synod, judge it most for their edification to
sing Dr. Watts's imitation of David's Psalms, does the Synod so far approve
said imitation of David's Psalms as to allow such ministers, and their congre-
gations, the liberty of using them ?"
As a great number of this body have never particularly considered Dr.
Watts's imitation, they are not prepared to give a full answer to the question.
Yet as it is well approved by many of this body, the Synod have no objection
to the use of the said imitation by such ministers and congregations as incline
to use it, until the matter of psalmody be further considered. And it is recom-
mended to the members of this body to be prepared to give their sentiments
respecting this subject at our next meeting.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
TTiree oWocTcy P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The supplication and appeal from the second Presbyterian congregation in
this city was read ; but as there appeared no commissioners from Carlisle and
the Big Spring to give the Synod light in this matter, the Synod cannot deter-
mine it at present. But as it appears that the congregations of Carlisle and the
Big Spring never had the opportunity of being heard before the Presbytery of
Donegall, and that they, for this reason, have not had proper means of obtain-
ing light sufficient to esamine and determine this cause, the Synod remit the
affair to said Presbytery, and appoint them to meet at Carlisle, the last Wed-
nesday of June, to hear and determine the matter ; and if the case must return
to the Synod either by appeal or reference, the moderator of the Presbytery
immediately inform the moderator of the Synod by a letter, that the commis-
sion of the Synod may be called.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent by the clerk to the session of
Carlisle and Big Spring.
A certain Andrew Mahaffey brought an appeal from a judgment of the Pres-
332 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1763.
bytery of Donegall, confirming a judgment of the session of Chestnut Level.
The minutes of said session were read, and said Mahafiey fully heard. Upon
the whole, the Synod judge : 1. That inasmuch as Andrew MahafFey submitted
to the judgment of the session with respect to himself, that he ought not to
have been deprived of any chivch privileges because he disapproved of, and ap-
pealed from, the judgment in other instances. 2. That the Synod agree with
the session that there is not sufficient evidence to convict Andrew Boyd of the
crime he was charged with, yet it appears to this Synod by the depositions laid
before them, that the said Andrew Boyd used a very indecent and immodest
freedom with the wife of said Andrew MahafFey, for which he ought to have
been censured by the session, and they are enjoined hereby to rebuke and ad-
monish him for the same. 3. That though the Synod are not clear that the
charge of perjury is to be fixed on said Andrew Mahafiey' s wife, yet they are
clear that she is guilty of falsehoods and contradictions in what she has sworn
and afterwards declared in that afijiir, and therefore she ought to be debarred
from the distinguishing privileges of the church until the matter can be further
cleared, or she give proper evidence of repentance.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
31 day., at nine ddocJc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication was brought into the Synod from the first congregation of
West Nottingham, to be disannexed from the Presbytery of New Castle, and
to be united to the Presbytery of Donegall. In reasoning on this subject many
of the Synod were of the mind, having considered the situation of the congre-
gation, that it would not be expedient to set ofi" said congregation as reijuested,
without setting ofi" some other congregations and ministers in like manner;
therefore it was proposed that the other congregation of West Nottingham, the
congregation of Little Britain, with ]Mr. Hunt their minister elect, and Mr.
Strain, and his congregations, should be also set ofi", and it being put to the
vote, it was carried that all these congregations should be set off from the Pres-
bytery of New Castle and annexed to the Presbytery of Donegall.
Adjourned till three of the o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'docJc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui suj^ra.
ight in from a judcment of the Presbytery of Donegf
An appeal was brought in from a judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall
respecting the licensure of Mr. William Edmiston, in consequence whereof the
Synod heard the reasonings of both parties, and after a deliberate consideration
of what was offered, it was judged that the conduct of the Presbytery was not
to be approved in licensing that young gentleman, until the objections offered
against their proceedings to his licensure had been fully considered. The
Synod, with the consent of Donegall Presbytery, agree to refer the trial of
Mr. Edmiston's affair to the committee, to meet at Little Britain, to be by
them issued, and tliat Messrs. Guild aixi Bay be joined to the said commit-
tee, to try all affairs to come before them, and that all parties be cited by
the clerk.
The society incorporated for the widows' fund, gave a commission to Messrs.
Treat, Finley, and Dr. Alison, to apply to the Synod, desiring that they ap-
point a committee to sit with them the first Tuesday of November, that they
may jointly consider on the return of the missionaries from the frontiers what
may be most proper to be done to promote the kingdom of Christ there, and
what sums may be necessary to defray their expenses, inasmuch as some of the
money under the care of tliis corporation is to be disposed of for such pious
useS; with the approbation of such a committee.
1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 333
Messrs. Montgnmer}', Hunter, Kirkpatrick, Simonton, and Ramsey, are ap-
pointed a committee for this purpose.
The address to the king was read and approved.
Ordered, That it be signed by the moderator in the name of the Synod, and
directed to Dr. Samuel Chandler, in London, requesting that he and the hon-
ourable William Allen, Esquire, and Andrew Elliot, Esquire, both of this city
but now in London, and Dr. Avery, of London, and whoever else these gentle-
men think proper to join with them, wait on his majesty and present it in our
name.
The Rev. Mr. Gilbert Tennent labouring under bodily indisposition that ren-
ders him unable statedly to preach to his people, he, in conjunction with his
congregation, made application for supplies to his pulpit the ensuing summer.
The Synod appoint as follows : that Mr. Kirkpatrick supply the first Sabbath
of June; Mr. Treat the second; Mr. Treat, junior, the third and fourth; Mr.
Jacob Kerr the first, second, and third Sabbaths of July ; Mr. Hunter the
fourth ; and Mr. Ramsey the fifth ; Mr. Robert Smith the first, and Mr. Wil-
liam Tennent the second Sabbath of August; Mr. Rogers the third, and Mr.
Montgomery the fourth ; and Mr. Thompson the month of October.
Mr. Samuel Harker brought in a paper which was read, and the Synod did
not see any reason from what was there offered to alter their judgment.
At three o'clock, P. M. adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next,
to meet at Elizabethtown, at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1764.
Elizaleihtown, May IQth, 1764.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to appointment
at the first Presbyterian church in this town. Ubt post j^reces sederunt
Of Suffolk Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Thomas Lewis, Benjamin Tal-
mage, and- William Mills.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Simon Horton,
Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones, Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin
Woodrofi^, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph Treat, James Cald-
well, Azael Roe, and Samuel Packhurst.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. William Tennent,
Samuel Finley, Elihu Spencer, Israel Read, John Guild, Enoch Green, Wil-
liam Tennent, jun'r.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery; The Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat,
Charles Beatty, John Brainerd, Daniel Lawrence, and William Ramsey.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Rogers and Joliu
Carmichael.
Of Donegall Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith and James
Hunt.
Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. Joseph Montgomery.
Elders : Messrs. Elnathan Wilks, Gideon Hedges, Joseph Prudden, John
Oliver, Simon Ross, John WoodroiF, Samuel Camp, Garret Noel, Samuel
Woodroft', Joseph Kerr.
Ministers absent : Of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Syl-
vanus White, Abner Reeve, Samuel Buel, Nehemiah Barker, James Brown,
Ezra Reeve, Moses Baldwin, Samson Occam, Thomas Payne.
Of New York Presbytery: Messrs. Jacob Green, John Darby, Moses
Tuttle, John Mofi"at, Enos Ayres, Abraham Kettletas, John Maltby, Hugh
Knox.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Charles McKnigbt, Samuel Ken-
334 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1764
nedy, James McCrea, William Kirkpatrick, John Hannah, Job Prudden^
Benjamin Hait, Thomas Smith.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Andrew
Hunter, Nehemiah Greenman, John Clark, Benjamin Chesnut, and John
Griffith.
All the second Philadelphia Presbytery absent.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, John Blair, Alexander
McDowell, Andrew Sterling, Andrew Bay, James Finley, William IMcKennan,
and Alexander Hutchinson.
Of Donegall Presbytery : The Kev. Messrs. Samuel Thomson, John Steel,
John Elder, John Roan, Joseph Tate, Sampson Smith, llobert McMurdie,
John Hogg, George Duffield, John Strain, and John Baird.
Of Lewes I'resbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, John Millar, Matthew
Wilson, and John Harris.
All the Presbytery of Hanover absent.
Mr. Beatty was chosen moderator, who, after having received a charge from
the last year's moderator respecting the discharge of his duty, took his place ;
Mr. Caldwell was chosen clerk, and Mr. Montgomery assistant.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Rogers, the last year's moderator, by a ser-
mon from Acts xi. 24.
The Rev. Messrs. Charles Jeffrey Smith, and Benoni Bradner being present,
were desired to sit as correspondents.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with
prayer.
17th dai/, at nine d'doch, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui sn^Jra.
The Rev. Thomas Smith now come and excused. The inembers are all ex-
cused who have given their reasons for their absence in times past.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that since our last Mr. Henry
Martin is deceased. The Presbytery of New Brunswick report, -that since
our last they have ordained to the work of the ministry the Rev. Messrs.
Amos Thompson, Jacob Kerr, and Nathan Kerr, who being present took their
seats in the Synod ; and that they licensed Messrs. David Caldwell, Francis
Pepper, and John Roxburrow, to preach the gospel. The Presbytery of
New York report, that the Rev. Mr. David Bostwick is, since our last, re-
moved by death, and that they have received Mr. John Murray, a candidate
from Ireland, under their care. Suffolk Presbytery report, that since our last
they have admitted Mr. Thomas Pain as a member. New Castle Presbytery
report, that since our last the Rev. Mr. Thane is removed by death.
Appointed for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Messrs. Thomas Lewis,
Benjamin Talmage, William Tennent, Samuel Finley, Robert Smith, Azariah
Horton, Aaron Richards, Richard Treat, John Brainerd, John Rodgers.
Elders : Messrs. Samuel Woodroff, Joseph Kerr, Garret Noel, and John
Hannah, to meet to-morrow morning at eiglit o'clock, at this place, and as often
afterwards as they may think proper.
Messrs. Benjamin Woodroff, Robert Smith, and Joseph Treat, are ap-
pointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Brunswick. The Presbytery
of Donegall have not brought in their Presbytery book, notwithstanding re-
peated orders given for that purpose several years; the Synod highly blame
such delays and neglects, and appoint Messrs. Robert Smith, and James Hunt
to take particular care that the book be brought in next year, and that a copy
of this minute be sent to the Presbytery. Messrs. Read and Ramsey ap-
pointed to revise the Presbytery book of Suffolk. Messrs. William Tennent
and Spencer appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New York. The
1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 335
books of tlie first and second Philadelphia Presbytery, of New Castle, Han-
over, and Lewestown, not brought in.
Mr. Brush reports, he complied with the last Synod's order with respect to
Mr. Leonard, and further reports, that since that time Mr Leonard is dead.
The committee appointed to dispose of the interest money in the hands of
the treasurer of New Jersey college, appropriated to the education of the poor
and pious youth, report, that they met according to appointment, but their
minutes not being present, they are not able to give a particular account of the
matter. The Synod appoint Dr. Finley, with Messrs. William Tennent,
Gruild, Brainerd, Blair, Kirkpatrick, Ewing, and the moderator, to be a com-
mittee to meet at Princeton the third Wednesday of August, to dispose of as
much of said money as shall be due at nest commencement if there be
need.
The Synod appoint as their commission for the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John Miller, AVilson, Dr.
Finley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Robert Smith, William Tennent, Guild,
Azariah Horton, James Brown, Spencer, Brainerd, Hunter, McDowell, Jones,
Rodgers, with the moderator. And the following elders, Messrs. Samuel
Woodroff, Garret Noel, John Hannah, Joseph Kerr, Joseph Prudden, whereof
thirteen members, including the moderator, shall be a quorum, of which ten
shall be ministers ; and that in case of the moderator's death or absence, the
first in order of the minute remaining, have a power to call the commission and
preside.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cloch, P. M. the St/nod met according to adjournment, post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Dr. Alison and Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Cross, Treat, and Ewing, appointed
last year to be a committee to collect and put into the hands of the corporation,
for the relief, &c. the money formerly belonging the fund of the late Synod of
Philadelphia, not having made report, are appointed to comply with the order
by our next Synod, if not already done.
Ordered, That those who have made a collection for the Indian school and
mission, bring in the money to Mr. Brainerd before our next sederunt, and that
he lay the account before the Synod. The further consideration of the affair
referred to that time.
The Synod find that Mr. Joseph Treat's reasons for not going to Virginia,
were sustained by the Presbytery by which he was appointed.
The moderator and Mr. Brainerd were prevented from fulfilling the order of
the Synod in their mission to the frontiers, and the whole design of the mission
was entirely prostrated by the breaking out of the Indian war.
Mr. Hait is now come, his reasons for not coining sooner sustained.
Messrs. Enoch Green, William Tennent, jun'r, and Jacob Kerr, complied
with the appointments of our last Synod.
Whereas Messrs. "Read, Carmichael, and Enoch Green, left the Synod last
year without asking leave, the Synod cannot but disapprove of the same, and do
judge that such conduct in their members is contrary to the design, and de-
structive to the very nature of such judicatures, who are always to be supposed
to give leave when sufficient reasons are offered.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
336 MINUTES OF THE SYXOD OF [1764.
18 dayy nine o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The settlement of the Indian aifairs with Mr. Brainei-d, deferred till our next
sederunt.
Mr. Nathan Kerr's reasons for not complying with our last year's appoint-
ment, sustained.
The Presbytery to which Mr. Lyon belonged, rendered satisfactory reasons
for his not complying with the last Synod's appointment.
Mr. John Miller having left the Synod last year without leave, and not being
present now, the consideration of it is deferred till our next Synod.
The afi'air of Second Philadelphia Presbytery referred to this Synod, came
under consideration in the course of reading last year's minute, and after some
discourse upon the subject, they do not judge it expedient to determine at this
time whether said Presbytery be continued or not, but refer it to the next
Synod.
The question, Ought ministers to be ordained, sine titido ? came under con-
sideration ; and after the several Presbyteries had delivered their sentiments,
and every member had been called upon to speak to it, the Synod appoint
Messrs. Kichard Treat, Piodgers, and Dr. Finley, a committee to draw up a
minute in answer to said question, and bring it in at our next sederunt.
Messrs. Gilbert Teunent, Cross, Dr. Alison, Ewing, Richard Treat, Samuel
Finley, Rodgers, Brainerd, and the modenitor, are appointed a committee of
correspondence with the American and foreign churches, for the ensuing year ;
and that they meet at Philadelphia the last "Wednesday of July, at three
o'clock, P. M.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cIocJc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
jyreces sederunt qui supra.
The settlement of the Indian affairs with Mr. Brainerd further deferred.
The committee appointed to bring in a minute with respect to the question,
Ought ministers to be ordained sine titulo ? are come in ; and after considerable
deliberation, the affair is deferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
19 day, nine o'cIocJc. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui sup)ra.
(Except Mr. Piorson, who had leave to go away.)
'The moderator being unexpectedly called away, Mr. Bodgers, the last year's
moderator, was desired to take the chair until his return.
The Indian affairs come under consideration, and Mr. Bi'aincrd reports that
there has been paid into his hands the sum of twenty-eight pounds, nineteen
shillings, and four pence, provincial currency, which mobey, with other col-
lections that are, or may be put into his hands, the Synod order to be laid out
as in manner ordered last year, for the support of the Indian school, and that
the money allowed for the support of the master, shall not exceed fifty pounds,
provincial currency ; and further appoint, that a collection be made this year
also, through their bounds, for the support of said school ; and that each Pres-
bytery take care that said collection be duly made through their bounds, and
that they lay their accounts, regularly adjusted, before our next Synod.
And ]Mr. Brainerd further reports, that there appears to have been paid to
Mr. Occam, about the sum of thirty -four pounds, provincial currency.
1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. S37
The Synod order that the interest of the money in the hands of the treasurer
of the College of New Jersey for Indian aflairs, be given to Mr. Braiuerd the
ensuing year.
The question, Ought ministers to be ordained sine tituh? i. e. without rela-
tion, or probable view had, to a particular charge, resumed ; and, after further
deliberation, we judge as fallows : That in ordinary cases, where churches are
properly regulated and organized, it is a practice highly inexpedient, and of
dangerous consequences, not to be allowed in our body except in some special
cases, as missions to the Indians, and some distant places that regularly apply
for ministers. But as the honour and reputation of the Sj'nod is much inter-
ested in the conduct of Presbyteries in such special cases, it is judged, that
they should previously apply to the Synod and take their advice therein, unless
the cases require such haste as would necessarily prevent the benefit of such a
mission if delayed to the nest session of Synod. In which cases the Presby-
teries shall report to the nest Synod the state of the cases, and the reasons for
their conduct.
The third, fourth, and fifth queries in the Synod's hook came under consider-
ation, and after considerable deliberation, we appoint Messrs. Samuel Finley,
Spencer, Tennent, Gruild, Montgomery, Hunt, Caldwell, Samuel Woodroft", and
the moderator, to prepare a minute and bring it in at the next sederunt.
Adjourned till Monday morning, at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
21s^ c7oy, ten o'clock, A. M. The Sijnod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. John Hannah, Mr. Smith's elder, who is gone home.)
The committee for preparing a minute upon the third, fourth, and fifth
queries, report they met but had not time to finish it.
Ordered, They bring it in at next sederunt.
An appeal of Messrs. Smith, Roan, and Duffield, from a judgment of the
Presbytery of Donegal!, with respect to the ordination of elders, deferred till
nest Synod, (all the parties not being present,) at which time they are ordered
to be present and prepared for trial, that the affair may be issued.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^ clock, P. M. met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
The committee for forming a minute in answer to the third, fourth, and
fifth queries in the Synod's book, made their report, and after deliberation and
free debate, we judge as follows :
In answer to the third query, the Synod judge, that any student in divinity
who professes a design to enter into the ministry, has a right in our present
situation, to study for his improvement, under the direction of any divine of
reputation in the Synod, according to a former act ; but that when he proposes
to enter upon trials, with a view to the ministry, he shall come under the care
of that Presbytery to which he most naturally belongs : And he shall be deemed
most naturally to belong to that Presbytery in whose bounds he has been
brought up, and lived for the most part, and where he is best known. But if
another Presbytery desire that any student or students should come into their
bounds, or if any such student or students, for greater conveniency, or from any
circumstances that make it necessary, desire to enter upon trials in a different
Presbytery, upon his offering satisfactory reasons, he may be dismissed ; but in
either case, the Presbytery to which he removes shall not receive nor admih
him to come under trials upon his having a certificate as a regular church
43
338 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1764
member only, but he shall bring a testimonial from the Presbytery, or several
neighbouring ministers where he lived, recommending him as a candidate for
the ministry, of exemplary piety and holiness of conversation^ nor shall any
thing less be esteemed a sufficient recommendation.
Messrs. Montgomery and Talmage dissent from the above judgment.
In answer to the fourth query we judge, that though every Christian so-
ciety should maintain communion with others as far as they can with a good
conscience, yet no society in order to maintain communion, is obliged to
adopt or imitate the irregularities and deficiencies of another, contrar}- to its
own established and approved rules of procedure. And if any society or
body of men are known to be of erroneous principles, or to be las or negli-
gent as to the orthodoxy or piety of those they admit into the ministry, as we
apprehend to be the case of the New Light, in Ireland, and of some other par-
ticular judicatures and individual ministers who may, and in some places on
this continent, do convene together as a temporary judicature for the single
purpose of licensing, or ordaining a candidate : in such cases, none of our
Presbyteries are obliged to receive and employ in their bounds, as gospel
ministers or probationers, such persons, though producing fair certificates,
and professing to adopt our Confession. But if any ordained minister, or
candidate, comes well recommended by those on whose testimony we can
depend, such are to be gladly received upon their adopting our Confession,
and promising subjection in the Lord. (See this further explained in the
minutes of 1765.)
As to the fifth query, though the Synod entertains a high regard for the
Associated Churches of New England, yet we cannot but judge, that students
who go to them, or to any other than our own Presbyteries to obtain license,
in order to return and officiate among us, act very irregularly, and are not to
be approved or employed by our Presbyteries, as hereby we are deprived of
the right of trying and approving the qualifications of our own candidates ;
yet, if any case may happen wherein such a conduct may, in some circum-
stances be thought necessary, for the greater good of any congregation, it shall
be laid before the Presbytery to which the congregation belongs, and approved
of by them.
There is no report from the Presbytery of Dutchess county, whether they
have complied with the last year's order respecting them.
Messrs. Brush and Parkhurst are ordered to give them notice that they are
required to attend our next Synod, and give us an authentic account of their
forming according to our orders, and that they bring their minutes.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
22d daji/, nine o'clock, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui stqjra.
(Except Dr. Finley, and Messrs. R. Smith, Thomas Smith, and Braduer,
who had leave to go home.)
The question respecting psalmody came to be considered, and after much
discourse on the subject, the Synod do judge that they are not at present pre-
pared to give a final answer thereto, and that it is most for the edification of
the church to defer it to the next Synod. In the mean time we do confirm
the agreement of the last Synod, and allow those congregations who find it
most expedient to continue in the use of Dr. Watts's imitation till the matter
be further considered and determined.
The committee appointed to meet at Little Britain to try the appeals from
the judgment of Donegall Presbjtery, with respect to Messrs. Sampson Smith
and William J]dmiston, report that they met and formed the following judg-
ment. The further consideration of it deferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 339
Three o^lock, P. M., the Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui sujwa.
The committee appointed to examine the several Presbyteries' books, brought
in their reports, which are as follows :
The Presbytery book of New Brunswick approved except some omissions.
The Presbytery book of New York approved except some few inaccuracies.
The Presbytery book of Suffolk approved since the time of the union of the
two Synods, except that they have neglected to record their candidates adopting
our public standards at licensure, though they inform us it is matter of constant
practice that they try and license at the same Presbytery, and in one instance
ordained without pi-evious trial or licensure; and that they license for a certain
time. Of all which we highly disapprove.
The judgment of the committee which met at Little Britain again consid-
ered. And after mature deliberation, though we do not doubt the committee
acted with the utmost integrity, nevertheless we judge, the censure they in-
flicted on Mr. Sampson Smith was not adequate to the crimes stated in their
judgment.
Messrs. Lewis, Talmage and Weeks, Mr. Lewis's elder, have leave to go
home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
23cZ day, nine o'clocJc, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
The committee appointed to meet the corporation for the relief, &c. report,
that they met, but as our missionaries did not go to the frontiers there was no
money to be disposed of, and they had nothing to do.
The Synod not fully understanding the state of the case with respect to the
money in the hands of the corporation to be disposed of for pious uses in con-
junction with the Synod's committee, we appoint Messrs. Brainerd, Spence,
Ramsey, and Montgomery, a committee to inspect into the state of that affair
and lay it before our next Synod.
The address to the king was presented, and we hear was most graciously
received.
The appointments for Mr. Gilbert Tennent's congregation were substantially
fulfilled.
Several supplications from North Carolina were presented by the committee
of bills and overtures, earnestly praying for supplies, which were read and
urged with several verbal relations representing the state of that country. In
consequence thereof, Mr. Charles Jef. Smith, a correspondent with this Synod,
informed us, that he intended to undertake a journey to the southward, in
which we greatly rejoice, and appoint Mr. Smith to spend as much time as
he conveniently can before our next Synod under the direction of the Hanover
Presbytery.
As the Presbytery of New Brunswick have appointed Mr. Amos Thomp-
son to supply for some time in Loudon county, Virginia, after said appoint-
ment is fulfilled, we recommend it to Mr. Thompson to supply under the di-
rection of Hanover Presbytery till next Synod. Mr. David Caldwell, a can-
didate of New Brunswick Presbytery, is appointed to go as soon as possible,
but not to defer it longer than next fall, and supply under the direction of the
Hanover Presbytery till next Synod. The clerk ordered to give attested
copies to these gentlemen of these our orders.
The Synod more particularly considering the state of many congregations
340 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G4.
to the southward, and particularly North Carolina, and the great importance
of having those congregations properly organized, appoint the Rev. Messrs.
Elihu Spencer and Alexander McWhorter, to go as our missionaries for that
purpose; that they form societies, help them in adjusting their bounds, ordain
elders, administer sealing ordinances, instruct the people in discipline, and
finally direct them in their after conduct, particularly in what manner they shall
proceed to obtain the stated ministry, and whatever else may appear useful or
necessary for those churches and the future settlement of the gospel among
them. And also, that they assure those people wherever they go, that this
Synod has their interest much at heart, and will neglect no opportunities of
affording them proper candidates and su})plies to the utmost of our power.
Ordered, that the clerk give said missionaries an attested copy of this minute,
and proper testimonials signed by the moderator and clerk. And that these
brethren may not suffer by so long and expensive a journey, the Synod agree
to defray their expenses and make them a proper acknowledgment for the
damages they may sustain in their domestic affairs; and for this purpose a
collection is ordered through our bounds, and each Presbytery required to see
it be duly observed.
Mr. Mills is ordered to supply Mr. McWhorter's pulpit three Sabbaths,
and the Presbytery of New York the remainder of the time during Mr.
McWhorter's absence. And the Presbytery of New Brunswick ordered to
supply Mr. Spencer's pulpit during his absence.
A request was made from the first Philadelphia Presbytery, also from Mr.
Gilbert Tennent and his congregation, praying supplies for said congregation
till November. We accordingly appoint the Rev. Mr. Brainerd to supply
there the first Sabbath in June, Mr. Enoch Green the second, Mr. Richard
Treat the third, Mr. William Tennent, jun'r. the fourth and first in July, Mr.
Murray the second, third, fourth, and fifth ; Mr. Rodgers the first Sabbath of
August, Mr. Ramsey the second, Mr. Blair the third, Mr. Robert Smith the
fourth ; Mr. Kirkpatrick the first Sabbath in September, Mr. Beatty the se-
cond, Mr. Richard Treat the third, Mr. Montgomery the fourth, Mr. Hunt the
fifth; Mr. Dufiield the first and second Sabbaths in October, Mr. Guild the
third, Mr. Kirkpatrick the fourth ; and 3Ir. Lawrence the first Sabbath of
November.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'chchj P. 31., met accoi-diuQ to aJJournmcnt. Post i)rcces sederunt
qui supra.
A certain John Harris entered an appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery
of New Castle, respecting certain complaints exliibited by him and others
against the Rev. Mr. Andrew Bay. As this matter cannot be issued here we
appoint the Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, Roan, Elder, John Miller, Tate,
Samuel Thompson, Beatty, Ramsey, Kirkpatrick, Richard Treat, Montgo-
mery, Dutfield, and William Tennent, jun'r. a committee to hear and try the
merits of the cause, and to issue the whole alfair, and to take what methods
they may think proper thereto. And that they meet the first day of August,
at eleven o'clock, at J)eer Creek meeting-house, and that Mr. Montgomery
open the committee. Ordered, that the moderator and as many of the mem-
bers of New Castle Presbytery as conveniently can, attend the committee.
The Synod considering the distressed condition of the frontiers, the calami-
ties of an Indian war, and the withholding the influences of the Divine Spirit
in a great degree from most of our churches, do agree to ob.serve the second
Thursday of June throughout our bounds as a day of fasting and prayer, that
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA, 341
we may humble ourselves before Almighty God, deprecate his displeasure, and
implore the out-pouring of his Holy Spirit.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May nest, at ten o'clock, to meet at
the first Presbyterian church in Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.
1765.
PhiladelpMa, May \bth, 1765.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
Uhi post jyreces sederunt
Of the Presbytery of Hanover, the Rev. Mr. John Todd.
Of the Presbytery of Lewestown, the Rev. Messrs. John Miller, Matthew
Wilson, John Harris, Joseph Montgomery, and Jacob Ker.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle, the Rev. Messrs. John Rogers, John
Blair, Adam Boyd, Alexander McDowal, William McKennan.
Of the Presbytery of Donegall, the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Tate, Robert Smith,
Sampson Smith.
Of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, the Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat,
Andrew Hunter, John Brainerd, Charles Beatty, Daniel Lawrence, Benjamin
Chestnut, William Ramsey, John Griffith, John Clark.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, the Rev. Messrs. Robert Cross, Fran-
cis Alison, John Ewing, John Simoutou, James Latta.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, the Rev. Messrs. Samuel Finley, Elihu
Spencer, Benjamin Halt, William Kirkpatrick, John Hannah, Amos Thomp-
son, Enoch Green.
Of the Presbytery of New York, the Rev. Messrs. A. Horton, Benjamin
WoodrofF, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph Treat, James Caldwell, Nathan Ker.
Of the Presbytery of Sufl:blk, the Rev. Messrs. Thomas Lewis and William
Mills.
Elders : Messrs. Gill, Belcher, Barker, John Maxfield, William Skirvin, Je-
rome Duchane, James Anderson, Hugh Wilson, John Wigton, John Walter,
John Wallace, Thomas McKean, William Allen, Nehemiah Baldwin, Garret
Noel, Samuel WoodrofF, Joseph Akin.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Guild, McKnight, McCrea,
Reed, William Tennent, Job Prudden, Thomas Smith.
Of Suffolk Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Prime, White, Buel, Barker, Brown,
Talmage, Paine, Reeve, Occum, and Goldsmith
Of Donegall Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Elder, Thompson, Steel, Rowan,
Hogg, Duffield, Strain, McMordie, Beard, Hunt.
Of Hanover Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Black, Craig, Brown, Patillo,
McCadden, Waddel, Rice.
Of Lewes Presbytery, absent, Mr. Charles Tennent.
Of New York Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Pierson, Jones, Green, Darby,
Richards, Roe, Elmure, Packhurst, Moifat, Brush, Tuttle, Peppard, Simon
Horton, Knox, and Malby.
Of New Castle Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Hutchinson, James Finley, Car-
michael, and Sterling.
Of Philadelphia first Presbytery, Nehemiah Greenman.
The moderator opened the Synod with a sermon from Tit. iii. 8.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three 6'clocJc, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. John Miller was chosen moderator, and; having received the usual
charge, took the chair.
Mr. John Ewing was chosen clerk, and Mr. Kirkpatrick for his assistant.
342 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1765.
The reasons of the absence of Messrs. Kirkpatrick, Hunter, Hannah, Ches-
nut, and of the whole second Presbytery of Philadelphia, and of Messrs. Boyd,
Blair, McDowal, Sampson Snaith, Miller, Wilson, Harris, Todd, from our last
Synod, were sustained.
Mr. Bay was desired to give his reasons in writing to the Synod, for his ab-
sence since the year 1758, to-morrow morning.
Mr. Tate excused for not attending last year.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report that the Eev. Gilbert Tennent
is dead since our last.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick report, that they have ordained Messrs.
James Lyon and John Roxborough to the work of the ministry, and that they
have licensed Simon Williams.
The Presbytery of New York report, that they have ordained the Rev. Mr.
Francis Peppard to the work of the ministry; and that the Rev. Mr. Enos
Airs is dead since our last; and that the Rev. Mr. Kettletas has withdrawn
from this body.
Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the min-
istry Mr. Benjamin Goldsmith.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have deposed Mr. Andrew Sterling
and licensed Mr. Samuel Blair.
Donegall Presbytery report, that they licensed Mr. Robert Cooper to preach
the gospel.
Lewes Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Alexander Huston,
who, being present, took his seat in the Synod ; and that they have licensed
Mr. Thomas McCrackan.
Hanover Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. David Rice, and
licensed Mr. James Creswell.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they licensed Mr. James
Leng to preach the gospel in the year 1764.
The Synod appoints for a committee of overti;res, the Rev. Messrs. Tate,
Todd, Wilson, Rodgers, Lawrence, Latta, Hoit, McWhorter, and Mills ; Elders
John Maxwell, Nehemiah Baldwine, and John Wigton, to meet at six o'clock
to-morrow morning, and by adjournments, from time to time, at this house.
Ordered, That the Presbytery book of New Brunswick be examined by
Messrs. Caldwell and Beatty ; that of Donegall by Messrs. Ramsey and Blair ;
•that of York by Messrs. Lewis and James Finley ; that of the second Presby-
tery of Philadelphia by Messrs. McDowal and Horton.
The Presbytery books of Suffolk, Lewes, and Hanover, are not here.
The committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands of the trea-
surer of New Jersey College, appropriated for the education of poor and pious
youth, brought in a state of their accounts since the year 1758, which is as
follows :
1758, Nov. 23. Paid by the treasurer to Mr. William Tennent
for the use of Mr. Leslie, . - -
For Mr. Carmichael,
1759, Nov. 23. To Mr. Carmichael,
1760, eTune 11. To President Davies, for the use of Mr. Blair,
1761, Aug. 3. To Mr. Rosborough, per order, ...
1762, May 25. To do. per order, ...
1763, Aug. 26. To Mr. Robert Cooper, per order, ...
1764, July 5. To do. per order, . - -
Nov. 13. To Samuel Leak, per order, ....
£13 0
0
14 15
1
10 00
0
20 00
0
30 00
0
14 00
0
20 00
0
13 00
0
40 00
0
£174 15
1
£27 15
13 00
12 00
180 00
1
0
0
0
232 15
174 15
1
1
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 343
Per Contra.
1758, Oct. By interest in hand, -----
1762, July 2. By cash returned by Mr. Leslie,
1765, Jan. 20. By do. per do. . . -
Oct. By interest on the capital, £500, from Oct. 1758, \
at 6 per cent, till Oct. 1764 J
Total credit, ------
Paid,
Balance, £58 00 0
The Synod appoint Dr. Finley and Messrs. William Tennent, John Guild,
Brainerd, Blair, Kirkpatrick, Ewing, Beatty, and Treat, to be a committee to
dispose of the balance of said fund, which may be in their hands September
next, and they are to meet at Princeton the third Tuesday of August next.
The Synod appoint for their commission the ensuing year, Messrs. Richard
Treat, Dr. Alison, Beatty, Ewing, Dr. Finley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Robert
Smith, William Tennent, Guild, Azarias Horton, Brown, Spencer, Brainerd,
Rodgers, Hunter, McDowal, and Jones, with the moderator; elders John Wal-
lace, Samuel Woodroif, Garret Noel, Jerome Duchane, and John Maxwell ;
thirteen of whom, including the moderator, shall be a quorum ; but if the
moderator die, or be absent, the first on the roll mentioned in the minute, shall
have power to call the commission and to preside.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
IQih May, at nine ddocJc, A. 31. The Synod met according to their ad-
journment. Ubi post 2^'^eces sederunt qui supra.
With the Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Carmichael, Charles Tennent, Wil-
liam Tennent, jun.. Beard, James Finley, Rowan, Strain, and Steel : elders
William McConkey, Walter Stewart, David Patten, Alexander McClure, Fran-
cis Alexander. Mr. Duffield was also present.
Mr. McMordie is come, and the reasons of his absence last year were sus-
tained. -4
Mr. Bay brought in the reasons of his absence from Synod since the year
1758, and the Synod Ccirnestly recommend it to him to be more punctual in
future attendance upon the judicatures of this church.
The committee of correspondence with the foreign churches did no business
by reason of the few members attending.
The Synod appoint Dr. Alison, Dr. Finley, and Messrs. Treat, McDowal, and
Beatty, to prepare a plan of correspondence to be laid before the Synod as soon
as convenient.
The several Presbyteries are desired to lay before the Synod the account of
the money they have collected for the Indian school to-morrow afternoon.
Mr. Brainerd is appointed to receive the money in the hands of the trustees
of New Jersey College for Indian afiairs for the ensuing year, as an addition to
his salary.
Mr. Caldwell fulfilled appointments under the direction of the Hanover Pres-
bytery.
Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter fulfilled their mission to the southward.
Mr. McWhorter's pulpit was supplied during his absence, and the Presbytery
of Brunswick were satisfied with the care taken to supply Mr. Spencer's
people.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
344 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1765.
At three o'clock, P. M. the Sijnod met. Uhi post preccs sederunt qui
wpra.
With the Eev. Mr. John Elder, and Henry Knox, his elder.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison, Dr. Finley, and Messrs. Treat, Beatty, Wallace,
and WoodroflF, be a committee to converse with Mr. Spencer, and Mr. Mc'
Whorter concerning the expenses of their mission, and make report to the
Synod to-morrow morning, that the Synod may be able to judge what they
should do further both for the said missionaries, and for the settlement of gospel
ministers in Carolina.
Messrs. Blair and McDowal are appointed to draw up an answer to the fourth
query under our consideration, to be submitted to the judgment of the Synod
to-morrow morning
The affair of Psalmody is next to be considered.
Mr. Hunt is now come, with his elder, Francis Armstrong.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer."
17th of May, at nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met. Uhi post preces sede-
runt qui sxtjjva.
Mr. Gilbert Belcher Parker is gone home.
The committee appointed to converse with Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter
request time till Tuesday morning for further conversation with them.
The Synod finding some obscurity in the answer given last year to the
fourth query, (vid. p. 337,) they have agreed to explain it further in the fol-
lowing words :
It is undoubtedly the right of Presbyteries to converse with any probationer,
or minister from foreign parts, as far as they may find it necessary to give them
satisfaction, and not receive him implicitly on a certificate, however fair and
regular, together with his general profession of adopting the Westminster Con-
fession and Catechisms. But if such probationer, or minister, shall come from
a church or judicature generally suspected, or known to be erroneous, or lax
and negligent with respect to the moral conduct or piety of their candidates, or
members ; or if they shall come from any number of ministers who may con-
vene without any regular constitution, merely for the purpose of licensing or
ordaining particular persons ; in that case a certificate from such a judicature,
and such a general profession of the party's adopting the Confession of Faith,
is still less satisfactory, and renders it highly necessary for the Presbytery to
which application shall be made, to be more particular and exact in examining
the principles of such a probationer, or minister, before they admit him, or em-
ploy him in their bounds.
The afi'air of psalmody being resumed, Dr. Finley and Mr. McDowell arc
appointed to draw up a minute relating to that afi'air, before our next.
An appeal from the judgment of Doucgall Presbytery concerning the mode of
setting elders apart to their oifice came under consideration, and the Synod ap-
point the clerk to draw up a minute concerning it, to be laid before our Synod
at their next meeting.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. the Synod met. Uhi j)Ost preces sederunt qui supra.
The clerk according to appointment brought in the following minute, which
was approved :
The Synod having heard the judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, in
April, 17G1, concerning the mode of setting elders apart to their office in one
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 345
of the Presbyterian cliurches in Carlisle, together with the reasons of the ap-
peal to the Synod from said judgment, do, upon the whole, approve of the
Presbytery's judgment, and also of their caution to prevent any bad conse-
quences that might arise from a deviation from that mode which has been
commonly used in this church, and which is highly proper on such occasions,
although we wish that they had expressed their caution in stronger terms.
We judge that the elders chosen at that time are clothed with sufBcient autho-
rity to act in the oiEce of elders in the church, as they actually acquiesced in
the election of the people, and in their appointment to the ofSce ; and we
judge that the consent of the persons to undertake the office should be neces-
sarily obtained. And though it appears it was substantially obtained in the
present case, yet we are of opinion that it had been more eligible, and more
for the peace and edification of the church, if their public and explicit consent
to undertake and execute that office had been taken in the face of the congre-
gation. And we hope that the Presbytery will observe their own directions for
the future.
The account of money collected for the Indian school further deferred.
The committee according to appointment brought in a minute respecting
psalmody, which being read and amended, is as follows :
After some consideration of the query concerning the use of Dr. Watts's
imitation of the Psalms, the Synod judged it best, in present circumstances,
only to declare that they look on the inspired Psalms in Scripture, to be pro-
per matter to be sung in Divine worship, according to their original design
and the practice of the Christian churches, yet will not forbid those to use the
imitation of them whose judgment and inclination lead them to do so.
Mr. Adam ]?oyd had leave to go home.
A reference from the Presbytery of New Castle was brought into the Synod,
requesting them to give their judgment, whether the E,ev. Mr. John Rodgers
should be removed to New York, agreeable to the call of that congregation.
After hearing what the commissioners, both from St. George's and from New
York, had to offer on that occasion, the Synod adjourned till nine o'clock to-
morrow morning, and concluded with prayer.
ISth of May. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. "William Tennent, senior, James Finley, Thomas Lewis, Nathan
Kerr, and William Tennent, junior, beg leave to enter their dissent from the
judgment of the Synod concerning the judgment of Donegall Presbytery with
respect to the setting elders apart for their office.
The affair of Mr. Rodgers' s removal to New York was resumed, and before
the Synod entered on the consideration thereof it was agreed unanimously,
solemnly to call on God by prayer for light and direction to issue this im-
portant affair. After the arguments for and against Mr. Rodgers' s removal
were heard fully, and with great attention, it was put to the vote, and carried
by a great majority, that he shall be removed; and accordingly the Synod de-
clare, that his relation to the congregation of St. George's is dissolved ; and
they exhort that congregation to attend to the reasons and necessity hereof, and
to behave as Christians under this dispensation.
Dr. Finley and Mr. Harris have leave to go home.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, A. M., on Monday next. Concluded with
prayer.
2Qth of May, at ten o clock, A. M. The Synod met. Post proves sederunt
qui supra.
Mr. John Montgomery, Mr. Steel's elder, is now come.
Having considered the collection of money for the Indian school, it was
44
346 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1765.
agreed to defer the final settlement of that business until the committee, ap-
pointed to converse with Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter, bring in their
report.
At the request of the Rev. Mr. Rodgers, and of the congregation of St.
George's, Mr. Spencer is appointed to supply that congregation four weeks
before Mr. Rodgers removes from them.
The committee for overtures introduced the following calls and supplica-
tions, viz. a call for the Rev. Mr. Spencer from Cathy's Settlement and Fourth
Creek, which was presented to him ; also a supplication for supplies from the
inhabitants of North Carolina, living between the waters of Yadkins and Ca-
tabaw Rivers, and particularly for the removal of Mr. Spencer and Mr.
McWhorter to settle among them ; and two other supplications from the con-
gregations of Bethel and Poplar' Tent, in Mecklenburg county, in the same
colony, for supplies ; a supplication was also brought in from the united con-
gregations of New Providence and the Six Mile Spring, in North Carolina,
for supplies, and the countenance of the Synod for settling gospel ministers
among them ; another also, from Ilawfield and Little River, in the same
colony, for supplies ; likewise a supplication for supplies from Long Lanes, in
South Carolina.
A call for the Rev. Mr. McWhorter from Hopewell and Centre congrega-
tions, in North Carolina, was brought in by the committee of overtures, but the
Synod apprehending that some other persons may be more conveniently sent
to North Carolina, did not present the call to him.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31., the Synod met. Uhi ])ost preces sederunt qui
supra.
In consequence of sundry supplications from North Carolina for supplies,
the Synod appoint Messrs. Nathan Kerr, George Duffield, William Ramsey,
David Caldwell, James Latta, and Robert McMordie, to go there as soon as
they can conveniently, and each of them to tarry half a year in these vacant
congregations, as prudence may direct. And the moderator and clerk are or-
dered to give proper certificates to the aforesaid gentlemen ; and the respective
Presbyteries are to make provision for the pulpits of the settled ministers.
The Presbytery of Sufiblk are to supply Mr. Kerr's congregation four Sabbaths,
of which Mr. Mills is to notify the Presbytery.
A paper containing an appeal of the people of New Castle and Christine
Bridge, from a judgment of the Presbytery of New Castle respecting a call to
Mr. Magaw ; and a complaint against said Presbytery in that afiair, was brought
in by the committee of overtures and read ; and having heard the minutes of
that I'resbytery read, and what the commissioners had to ofier on that subject,
adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock.
Concluded with prayer.
21 day of 3fa7/, the Synod met at nine o'clock. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The affair of New Castle and Christine congregations resumed, and after
mature deliberation it was agreed, that Messrs. Montgomery, AVilson, and
Calilwell, be a committee to prepare an overture to be submitted to the judg-
ment of the Synod, to determine that affair at our next .snhrunf.
Adjourned till six o'clock, A. M., to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 347
22c? day of 3fay, at six of the chch, A. M. The Synod met. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The affair of New Castle and Christine Bridge resumed. The committee
which was appointed brought in an overture, which being read and considered,
was approved, and is as follows :
All parties being long and patiently heard, the Synod on the whole do judge,
that the said Presbytery have acted a very cautious and Christian part in
making such a stand against bigotry and party spirit in these congregations,
and striving so long to prevent a breach of a solemn union stipulated between
these societies, and therefore cannot but highly disapprove and condemn the
indecent language of their appeal, and their bitter insinuations of injustice from
that our worthy Presbytery. And as it appears there was at least a very con-
siderable opposition made against presenting said call, the Presbytery might
prudently delay it with a view, if possible, to obtain a greater union in Mr.
Magaw, or some other person. However, as more light in the course of this
trial has been thrown on that affiiir, than was given by the congregation to the
Presbytery, it now appears the call had better be presented to JMr. Magaw.
And as the Presbytery assure us that they never intended to meddle with the
civil property of their meeting-houses, even in the alternative proposed to these
societies, which was only for the sake of peace, we leave them to settle that
matter according to their own articles of union, and to determine the qualifica-
tions of their own voters, earnestly recommending it to both parties, in the
spirit of meekness, to compromise their own differences, to maintain their
union inviolable, and to follow the things which make for peace and edifi-
cation.
The collections for the Indian school came under consideration, and it is or-
dered that they who have made collections for that purpose pay the same to Mr.
Ewing, before to-morrow morning, of which he is to make a report.
Nathan Kerr has leave to go home.
Ordered, That Messrs. Brainerd, Kamsey, Spencer, and Montgomery, be a
committee to wait on the corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Pres-
byterian ministers, and their widows and children, at their next meeting, and to
request of them such papers as may serve to give any light to the Synod con-
cerning their power or right to concur with the corporation in the disposal of
any money that may be in their hands.
Mr. Lewis had leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clocJc, P. M. the Synod met. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. John Leavit, from New England, being present, was desired
to sit as a correspondent. Dr. Finley is returned.
A petition was brought in by the committee of overtures from West Notting-
ham, complaining that they were aggrieved by a late order of the Synod which
removed them from the care of New Castle Presbytery, and put them under
the care of that of Donegall, inasmuch as the distance of the petitioners from
the most usual places of Donegall Presbytery's meeting, and the creeks and
rivers that lie between, greatly obstruct, and sometimes quite prevent their at-
tendance on the meeting of said Presbytery ; and requesting to be put under
the care of New Castle Presbj'tery.
Their petition was granted, and said congregation is remitted to the care of
New Castle Presbytery as formerly.
A petition from the Presbytery of Donegall was brought into the Synod by
the committee of overtures, praying to be erected into two Presbyteries or that
348 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1765.
the members added to the Donegall Presbytery, when the Presbyteries -were
uew modelled, be ordered to return to their former judicatures.
An appeal was also brought in against the vote of the Presbytery authoriz-
ing this petition to the Synod.
After hearing the Presbytery and the appellants with great deliberation, ad-
journed till eight o'clock, A. M., to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
23cZ of May, at eight o'clocli, the Synod met. Ubi post preces sederunt qui
supra.
Messrs. Baldwin and Strain had leave to go home.
The petition of the Presbytery of Donegall, and the appeal of some members
were further considered, and it was agreed not to grant the petition.
The Synod having maturely considered the situatian of affairs in the Presby-
tery of Donegall, agreed to erect the members of that Presbytery that live on
the western side of the river Susquehanna into a new Presbytery, together with
the Rev. Mr. Andrew Bay, by the name of the Presbytery of Carlisle ; and
appoint that the first meeting be at Philadelphia the 23d day of May, 1765;
and the remaining members are hereby annexed to the Presbytery of New
Castle.
An appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting
Messrs. Bowan and Edmiston was brought in by Mr. Edmiston, together with
a reference respecting the same affair by the Presbytery of Donegall. Also
another appeal from a judgment of said Presbytery, was brought in by Mr.
McMordie. The Synod considering the impossibility of determining said af-
fairs at present, have appointed the following gentlemen a committee to issue
and determine both these matters, viz : Messrs. Beatty, Brainerd, Simnnton,
Guild, IMontgomery, Clark, Spencer, Kirkpatrick, Halt, Hannah, Green,
IMcKuight, and Ewing, to meet at Hanover on the first Wednesday of Septem-
ber next ; and that Mr. Ewing open the committee and that Mr. Elder give
citations for evidences. It is also appointed that Messrs. Kirkpatrick, Mont-
gomery, Beatty, Ewing, and Brainerd, be a committee to meet at Little Britain,
to examine what evidences Mr. Edmiston may produce to support the charges
brought against Mr. Rowan, and that both Messrs. Rowan and Edmiston attend
at that place on Friday the thirtieth of August ; and that the committee make
a report to the committee at Hanover, and that Mr. Hunt give citations to the
evidences to appear at the committee.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d'cloch, the Synod met. Vhi post jyreces sederunt qui sup)ra.
Mr. Baldwin, Mr. jMcWhorter's elder, had leave to go home.
The committee of the Synod appointed last year to meet at Deer Creek,
brought in their minutes which were read. And as Mr. Bay had appealed from
the judgment of that committee after he and all parties were fully heard in
their own defence; the Synod appoint Messrs. Wilson, Plunter, and Kirkpat-
rick, a committee to bring in a judgment on the conduct of the committee at
next sederunt.
Adjourned till eight o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
24:th of May, the Synod met at eiyht, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui sujva.
The committee, according to appointment, brought in a minute, which being
read and amended is as follows :
The Synod having carefully examined the matter of Mr. Bay's appeal from
the judgment of our committee appointed last year, in consequence of an
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 349
appeal from a judgment of New Castle Presbytery that met at Deer Creek,
on mature deliberation judge, that our committee have the merit of taking great
pains to examine these difficult affiiirs, yet we cannot justify either the un-
tender expressions relating to the Presbytery, or the severity of their judg-
ment and censure of Mr. Bay. We rather approve of the judgment of the
Pi'esbytery, from which we judge there was no sufficient reason of an appeal.
On the whole, considering the ferment of the people, the virulence of the pro-
secutors, and the necessity of compromising the differences of the congrega-
tions, we judge the Presbytery acted a very prudent and a Christian part, and
that their exhortations were very salutary.
This judgment being read and approved, it was overturcd by a member,
that inasmuch as sundry matters between Mr. Bay and the people of Deer
Creek still stand open, that therefore these matters should be issued by the
Presbytery of New Castle, notwithstanding Mr. Bay is set off as a member
of Carlisle Presbytery; in which motion the Synod concurred, and accord-
ingly ordered the Presbytery of New Castle to issue these matters as soon as
they can conveniently.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. the Sijnod met. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Bruns-
wick, brought it in and it was approved. The committee appointed for revis-
ing Donegall book were prevented from revising it. The Presbytery book
of the second Presbytery of Philadelphia was not put into the hands of the
committee for revising it.
There is no account from Dutchess county Presbytery, whether they have
regularly formed themselves according to the order of the Synod.
The committee appointed to meet with Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter,
to settle with them the expense of their journey, and the losses they have sus-
tained thereby in their affairs at home, make report, that they did meet ac-
cordingly, and an account being laid before them, they are of opinion the
money they have received of the Synod's collection and otherwise, which has
not been expended on their journey, should be allowed them and divided be-
tween them in proportion to the account of their expenses brought in and
allowed. Mr. McWhorter returned to the Synod all the money of the Synod's
collection allowed by the committee. The remaining collection in the hands
of the Synod is to be disposed of according to their direction.
The Rev. Messrs. Tate, Elder, Steel, Sampson Smith, McMordie, and
Beard, brought in a paper signifying that it was a difficulty to acquiesce in the
regulations of yesterday respecting the alteration made in the Presbytery of
Donegall, because they apprehend that no relief of their grievances is thereby
afforded ; that their right as members was infringed in erecting a new Presby-
tery out of the Donegall Presbytery, and annexing the remaining members to
another Presbytery without consulting said Presbytery, or allowing them a
vote in that affair ; and that that Presbytery, though respectable and of long
standing, was thereby abolished. When they were fully heard, and some
other expedients wore by them suggested, the Synod proceeded to review the
affair, and seriously attended to the considerations suggested, and do judge
that those brethren were so interested in the affair that they had not a right to
vote, though they ought to have been consulted previous to any determination
about it. As the new Presbytery will have no connection with the affairs that
gave rise to their animosity, and the connections of other brethren with the
remaining members, may tend to allay those prejudices which may be risen
350 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1765
too bigb to be otberwise worn off, tbe Synod cannot but bopc, tbat tbeir
grievances will be found to be in a great measure relieved. And wbcreas the
Presbytery of New Castle is now greatly diminished, the Synod conclude that
no sufficient reasons are offered for altering their vsentiments as to substance,
and therefore still agree, that the late members of New Castle and Donegal!
Presbyteries to the eastward of Susquehanna, be united in one Presbytery,
by the name of Lancaster Presbytery, and that they meet the 25th of May, at
six o'clock in the morning, at the first Presbyterian church in this cit}' ; and
that the Presbytery of Carlisle be continued.
Messrs. McDowell and Ewing dissent from the above judgment, and beg
liberty to bring in their reasons, which was granted. The reasons follow :
1. Because the request of these brethren was not only entirely and abso-
lutely refused, but their condition is rendered worse, for the new model of the
Presbyteries provides no relief for any of their grievances, but leaves the same
causes of uneasiness unremoved, and subjects them to many new inconveni-
ences.
2. When the petition was refused, and the Synod proceeded to new model
the Presbyteries, these brethren had a right to consult and act with them in
this matter; whereas they were manifestly denied and excluded from this right,
by the Synod's making one and abolishing two Presbyteries without consulting
them and granting them a vote.
3. Because the Synod has abolished Doncgall Presbytery in particular, with-
out allowing one member of it to vote in the cause, and that without any suffi-
cient reason. This procedure is injurious to Doncgall Presbytery, that has
been long a respectable body, and has suffered in its peaceable character only
by the addition of some new members ; which character we are persuaded they
would soon retrieve had their petition been gi-anted.
4. We apprehend that this act of the Synod is contrary to the declared in-
tention of this body at the union of the Synods, and a violation of an article
of that solemn agreement, where it is expressly provided, that the Presbyteries
subsisting before should be united only when it was for edification.
Ordered, That Mr. Dufficld produce such of the original papers of the late
Donegall Presbytery, to the committee to meet at Hanover, as relate to the
affairs which are committed to their determination.
The affair of the Indian school was resumed, and the Synod appointed Messrs.
William Tennent, Brainerd, Montgomery, and Ewing, to consider and deter-
mine how their money in Mr. Ewiug's hands shall be divided, and to what
purposes it shall be applied, and to give orders to Mr. Ewing to pay the same
accordingly.
The llev. Mr. Jonathan Leavit, from New Hampshire in New England, pro-
duced to the Synod certificates of his regular standing in the gospel ministry,
and having professed his desire to join with this body, after adopting the West-
minster Confession of Faith, as the confession of his faith, and having promised
to conform himself to the Westminster Directory for worship and government,
he was received as a member of the Synod, and was advised to put himself un-
der the care of some one of our Presbyteries.
Ordered, That a collection be made for propagating the gospel among the
Indians, and for teaching their children ; and that the several Pi-esbyteries take
care it be made in all their congregations, as well in those that want as in
those that have settled ministers; and that each Presbytery appoint some mem-
ber to bring in to next Synod a particular account how every congregation in
their bounds has complied with this order.
A petition from a number of ciders and gentlemen met in Philadelphia, was
brought in and read, which is ordered to be kept in rctcnds, till it be further
considered at our next Synod ; and that the clerk transmit a copy of said paper
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 351
to each of our Presbyteries, to enable them the better to consider and carry the
things proposed into execution.
Ordered, That Lewestown Presbytery supply Mr. Ramsey's congregation
eight Sabbaths, Mr. James Finley and Mr. McKennan each one Sabbath, and
the first Presbytery of Philadelphia the remainder of the time. That the
Presbytery of New Brunswick supply Mr. Latta's pulpit sixteen Sabbaths, and
the second Presbytery of Philadelphia the rest of the time. That the Presby-
teries of Lancaster and Carlisle supply Mr. McMordie's pulpit and Mr. Duf-
field's in their absence.
The afifiir of the second Philadelphia Presbytery deferred.
Ordered, That the moderator give Mr. Bay a certificate, as he intends to take
a journey into New England.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at New York at
three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1766.
New York, May 2\st, 1766.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
LI hi post preces sederun t
Ministers : The Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones,
John Rodgers, Joseph Treat, Benjamin Hait, Jonathan Elmore, Beujamia
Woodroff, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Azel Roe,
Samuel Park hurst, Nathan Kerr, Simon Horton, Samuel Buel, Thomas Lewis,
Benjamin Talmage, William Mills, David Rose, William Tennent, Charles Mc-
Knight, Israel Reed, William Kirkjiatrick, Enoch Glreen, Amos Thompson,
Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, Charles Beatty, William Hampsey, Benjamin
Chesnutt, John Clark, John Ewing, Patrick Allison, John Blair, Elihu Spen-
cer, Robert Smith, John Carmichael, Jacob Tate, John Beard, John Miller,
Matthew Wilson, Joseph Montgomery, Jacob Kerr, Alexander Huston, Andrew
Bay, George Duffield, Elisha Kent, Samuel Sacket, John Smith, Eliphalet Ball,
William Hanna.
Elders : Messrs. Peter V. Livingston, Nathaniel Bell, Benjamin Bunnel,
John Crane, Joseph Riggs, Robert Ogden, Jeff"ry Smith, David Harriot, Na-
thaniel Scudder, Elias Bailey, James Allen, Thomas Jackson, John Maxwell,
Joseph Crane, Joseph Lee, Jonathan Grifiin, Philip Edsal, and William Hum-
phreys.
Ministers absent : The Rev. Messrs. Nehemiah Greenman, John Griffiths,
John Brainerd, Alexander McDowell, John Elder, Sampson Smith, James
Finley, William McKennan, Robert McMordie, James Hunt, John Rowan,
Charles Tennent, John Harris, Abner Reeve, John Moflet, John Maltby, Hugh
Knox, Aaron Richards, Moses Tuttle, John Darby, Jacob Green, Francis Pep-
pard, Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, Nehemiah Barker, James Brown,
Thomas Paine, Ezra Reeve, Benjamin Goldsmith, Samson Occum, James Mc-
Crea, Samuel Kennedy, John Hanna, Thomas Smith, John Guild, Job Pru-
den, John Rosborough, Dr. Samuel Finley, John Strain, John Steel, Samuel
Thompson, John Hogg, John Slemons, Robert Cooper, Robert Cross, Dr. Fran-
cis Alison, John Simonton, James Latta, Samuel Dunlap, Solomon Mead. Ab-
sent : The whole Presbytery of Hanover.
The Presbytery of Duchess county being present, report, that they have
complied with the stipulations of the Synod in the year 1763, and have
adopted the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms, together with
the Directory for worship and discipline, according to the usage of this Synod
as appears from their minutes, which were produced and read ; certain mem-
352 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF 1766.
bers of said Presbytery being present, were allowed to take their seats ac-
cordingly.
The Synod was opened by the Eev. Mr. John Miller, our last year's modera-
tor, with a sermon from Heb. xiii. 17.
There not being time to choose a moderator and clerk this evening, the Synod
agreed to defer the choice until to-moiTOw morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Thursday, 22(7 of May, at nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met according to
adjournment. Fost preces sederunt qui svpixi.
The Rev. Mr. Chancey Graham is now come.
Mr. Spencer is chosen moderator for the ensuing year, who, after receiving
the usual charge from the last year's moderator, took the chair. 3Iessrs. Alex-
ander MeWhorter and Benjamin Talmage were chosen clerks.
Messrs. Robert Cross, C. J. Smith, and William Teunent, jun'r. were de-
sired to sit as correspondents.
The reasons which Messrs. Buel, Talmage, Jones, Roe, Parkhurst, Brush,
Elmore, Reed, aud Horton, assigned for their absence from Synod last year,
were sustained.
Mr. Wheeler Case is now come, and his elder Frederick Horn.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that the Rev. Mr. Daniel Law-
rence died since our last, the 13th day of April, aud further report, that they
have ordained Mr. John Murray since our last Synod ; but that some charges
since that were laid in against him respecting his moral character, which are
not yet decided by the Presbytery.
Upon the report being brought in, some difficulties arose, whether Mr.
Murray should be enrolled or not. The Synod voted that the report of the
Presbytery should be received, and proceed no further in the affair the present
sederunt.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. The Synod met according to adjouimment. Post
jpreces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the report of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, re-
specting Mr. Murray, deferred to the next sederunt.
New York Presbytery report that they have received Mr. Jedediah Chap-
man, a candidate for the work of the ministry.
Suffolk Presbytery report, that they ordained Mr. David Rose to the work
of the ministry.
Lancaster Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Samuel Blair.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. David
Caldwell.
A motion being made that the minutes of the Synod's proceedings may be
by the clerk copied, aud scut to each Presbytery yearly, is deferred to further
consideration.
It is reported by a member of this body, that the Rev. Mr. Alexander Craig-
head departed this life some time in March, 17GG.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr.
Patrick Alison, aud licensed Mr. James Anderson, and Mr. James Latta, since
our last.
The Presbytery of Carlisle report, that they have ordained Mr. John Sie-
mens, and Mr. Robert Cooper, since our last.
Dutchess County Presbytery report, that since their erection into a Presby-
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 353
tery, they have received into their number jMr. William Hannah^ and Mr. Dun-
lap ; ordained Mr. Wheeler Case, and licensed Mr. John Clove.
The Synod appoints for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Messrs. Rod-
gers, Lewis, Sacket, Tennent, Treat, Ewing, Smith, Wilson, Duffield, Jones.
Elders, P. V. B. Livingston, Joseph Rigs, Nathaniel Scudder, John Maxwell,
to meet to-moiTOw morning, at six o'clock, and by adjournment from time to
time.
Ordered, That the Presbytery book of New York be examined by Mr. Hunter
and Mr. Reed. The other Presbytery books are not here.
The committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands of the trea-
surer of the College of New Jersey, make no report of what is done, as their
minutes are not here.
Appointed as a committee, Messrs. William Tennent, Guild, Brainerd, Kirk-
patrick, Ewing, Beatty, Enoch Green, and Reed, to meet at Princeton, the
13 th of August, to dispose of the money in the hands of the treasurer, then
due, for the education of the poor and pious youth.
The Synod appoint for their commissioners the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Beatty, Ewing, Dr. Finley, Blair, Boyd,
Tate, Elder, Robert Smith, William Tennent, Miller, Guild, Horton, Brainerd,
Rodgers, Hunter, McDowell, Jones, with the moderator. Elders, P. V. B.
Livingston, Robert Ogden, Nathaniel Scudder, Joseph Rigs, John Maxwell;
thirteen of whom to be a quorum. But if the moderator die, or be absent, the
first on the roll mentioned in the minute shall have power to call the commis-
sioners and to preside.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
May 23cZ, nine o'clock, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
The consideration of the report of the first Philadelphia Presbytery, concern-
ing Mr. Murray, further deferred.
The Synod appoint Mr. Ewing to be our stated clerk.
The motion which was made for the minutes of the Synod to be trans-
cribed and sent to each Presbytery, resumed; and, after due consideration,
the Synod appoint that all our minutes from the union, be transcribed by the
stated clerk, and yearly transcribed and transmitted to each Presbytery in
three months after the session of the Synod, and that the clerk shall be
allowed twenty shillings provincial currency, by each Presbytery, for his annual
labour. The Synod appoint, in order to defray the expenses of these copies,
that there be a collection in all our congregations, or any other method that
may appear convenient to particular members, for this purpose and other pub-
lic uses.
Dr. Alison is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner sustained.
His elder, Mr. William Humphreys, is also come.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Blair, Beatty, P. V._B.
Livingston, a committee to prepare a plan of correspondence with foreign
churches, and to bring it in as soon as possible.
Messrs. Kerr, Duffield, David Caldwell, and Mr. McMordie, who were ap-
pointed to go and supply in North Carolina, complied with their appointments.
Mr. Ramsey, who was also appointed, did not go, and his reasons for not going
were sustained.
Mr. Leavit, who joined Lancaster Presbytery, according to order of Synod,
has been at his request dismissed from them, to return to New England.
The consideration of the petition from a number of elders and gentlemen in
Philadelphia deferred.
45
354 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1766.
The order of Synod, that Lancaster Presbytery should supply Mr. Duffield's
pulpif in his absence, complied with.
At Mr. Talmage's request, he was released from the business of clerk, and
Mr. Wilson is chosen in his place.
The reasons why Mr. Latta did not fulfil his appointments in Carolina, being
given by some members in his absence, were sustained.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o^clock, P. 31. Post prcces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the affair respecting Mr. Murray is further deferred.
The committee for settling a plan of correspondence with foreign churches
are appointed to meet on Saturday afternoon.
The Rev. Mr. Graham had leave to go home.
Mr. Brainerd is appointed to receive the money in the hands of the trustees
of New Jersey College for Indian affairs, for the current year, as an addition to
his salary.
A motion was made by some members for a review of the Synod's judg-
ment last year, respecting an affair in New Castle and Christiana congrega-
tions. After having much conversation on the subject, it was determined by
vote to refer the whole affair to next Synod, when all parties may be heard on
their application.
The committee appointed last Synod met at Hanover generally, and the
reasons of such as were absent were sustained. Whereupon the Synod pro-
ceeded to read the minutes of said committee, especially the several judgments
on the various matters which came before them. Then Mr. Duffield offered
an appeal, drawn up by Mr. Rowan, from their judgment, which was received
and read.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
3fa9/ 24:fh, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Mr. Rowan's appeal being resumed, the Synod resolved to defer it
till their next meeting, as he was not present to prosecute it.
Mr. Murray's affair was resumed, and after some conversation was further
deferred. Mr. James Allen, Mr. Ewing's elder, is now come.
A motion was made concerning last Synod's minute, respecting the mission
of Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter, to have it reconsidered, and after con-
versing on the subject, the Synod order certain sums of money in the hands
of Messrs. Ewing, Montgomery, and Caldwell, be put into the hands of Mr.
McWhorter, that he may be enabled to refund to Mr. Spencer the sum of
thirty-two pounds, which appears to be the balance due to him according to the
stipulation of the Synod.
Adjourned to Monday morning, ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Mat/ 2Gth, A. 31. 3Iet according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
A motion made by Mr. Duffield respecting a minute of last year, deferred.
The consideration of uniting the two Philadelphia Presbyteries was re-
sumed, and after some discourse, it was determined to discuss it next sede-
runt.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 355
At three o'docJc, P. M. met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
Several papers relating to Mr. IMurray's affairs were read, but the Presby-
, tery to which he belongs pleading a right to issue said matter, previous to the
determination of the Synod, it was referred to their further examination.
The affair of uniting the two Philadelphia Presbyteries, after some considera-
tion, was deferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 21 J at nine o'clock, A. M. met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The affair of uniting the two Philadelphia Presbyteries was again resumed,
and after some further discourse on the subject, it came to be voted whether
they should be continued separate or not, and it was carried in the affirmative.
Some members desired liberty to enter their dissent, which was granted. Their
dissent was brought in, and is as follows :
It is with very sensible regret and great reluctance, that we, whose names
are subscribed, declare in so strong a manner our disapprobation of the Reve-
rend Synod's determination, with respect to the continuance of the second Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia ; a step, we confess, ought not to be taken except in
matters of very great importance, and where justice, or the edification of the
church are plainly interested. But such we do not take the present case to be,
and therefore we do enter our dissent from the aforesaid determination :
Because,
1st. It carries in it the obvious appearance of disunion, and seems to indi-
cate a temper of a schismatical tendency, however it may be suppressed for the
present. It will also be likely to perpetuate party distinctions in reference to
candidates licensed by the respective Presbyteries.
2dly. While it is the sense of the Synod, that it is the duty of Presbyterie?
to inquire into candidates' experimental acquaintance with religion, as a Scrip-
tural and rational means of obtaining satisfaction as to their qualification for
preaching the gospel, it involves the Synod in a self-contradiction to erect a
Presbytery who expressly refuses it ; and thus, this article of examination
shall, as to them, be laid aside, which tends to introduce a general neglect
thereof.
3dly. While nothing is imposed upon persons in point of practice, which
they in their consciences judge sinful, and they are not restrained from doing
their duty, the rights of conscience are not violated, though (they being a mi-
nority,) a matter in judicature shall be carried against them by vote. There-
fore it is vain to urge the rights of conscience in such cases; and for any to
signify that they will not be subject, even in such cases, to the regulations of
the Synod, but if contradicted will violently break off, is to prefer the private
rights of individuals to the public rights, and will destroy all governing autho-
rity in the body.
4thly. It is a very bad precedent of most mischievous consequence, which
may be plead by others for the division of Presbyteries, and by that means
congregations now united may again be divided, and the regular formation of
new societies prevented or greatly marred.
William Tennent, Charles McKnight, John Blair, Andrew Bay, William
Tennent, jun'r. Azel Roe, John Carmichael, Robert Smith, Jacob Kerr,
David Rose, Nathan Kerr, Simon Horton.
The committee appointed to prepare a plan of correspondence with foreign
churches, brought in one which is as follows :
856 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G6.
1. That the committee during the session of Synod bring in a copy of a
letter or letters to the chuix-hcs, to be read and approved of by them.
2. That if there be occasion to write to any of the churches at any other
time, three at least of the committee shall prepare and send letters, copies of
■which shall be laid before the Synod at their next meeting.
3. That letters received by the committee from any of the churches be an-
nually laid before the Synod, as well as the answers given to any of them.
4. That the churches with whom we shall correspond be Holland, Geneva,
Switzerland, the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland or their commis-
sion, the Synods of seceding ministers, the ministers in and about London, the
General Synod of Ireland, and ministers of Dublin, New England, and the
churches in South Carolina.
The Synod appoint Dr. Alison, Messrs. Richard Treat, Rodgers, Ewing,
McWhorter, Joseph Treat, Beatty, and V. Livingston, as a committee to cor-
respond with the foreign churches for the ensuing year, to meet this evening at
seven o'clock.
The address of the lay elders and gentlemen, proposed last year to the Synod,
was resumed, and a committee of Messrs. Blair, Kent, Caldwell, Duffield, and
Bay, with elders, Messrs. Scudder, Ogdeu, Jackson, and Maxwell, were ap-
pointed to meet to-morrow morning at six o'clock, to prepare some overture
relative to this affair.
From last year's minutes some affairs respecting ]Mr. Brainerd's mission to
the Indians, with some papers now received from him, were taken under con-
sideration ; and it is ordered, that what moneys have been collected last year
for this mission be put into the hands of Mr. Treat, jun'r. an account of which
he is desired to give the Synod to-morrow.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer
J*. 31. three d'cloch, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
A motion was made by Mr. Beard and Mr. Tate, for a review of last year's
minute respecting the new modelling of the late New Castle and Donegall
Presbyteries, which was taken under consideration ; and after hearing some
reasons offered by these members.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
Mai/ 2Sl7i, A. M. nine o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
]Mr. Montgomery and his elder have leave to go home.
Mr. Treat produced to Synod an account of moneys he received according to
an order of yesterday, which is deferred to further consideration.
The motion of Mr. Beard and Mr. Tate was resumed, and after these mem-
bers had been fully heard, as also Mr. Smith and Mr. J)uffield, these four mem-
bers resigned what they thought was their right to judge in this affair, left it
to the Synod and voluntarily withdrew. After some discourse on this matter,
it came to be voted whether the minute of last year on that affair should be
reversed with this limitation, that the Carlisle Presbytery should be con-
tinued in their present state : and it was carried in the negative by a great
majority.
Adjourned to three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1766.] NEW YORK AND PIIILADELPfflA. 357
P. M. Three o'cJocI::, the Synod met according to appointment. Post preccs
sederunt qui supra.
The disposal of the money in Mr. Treat's hands deferred.
Mr. Tate's and Mr. Beard's motion resumed, and after some reasonings on
the subject, and some expedients proposed, it was voted whether Donegall
Presbytery as it existed before hist Synod, (those members excepted who were
set off to Carlisle Presbytery,) be erected into a Presbytery under the name of
Donegall Presbytery or not ; it was carried in the negative.
Another expedient proposed was, whether they be united to the second
Philadelphia Presbytery for a year, until the matter be further considered; it
was voted in the negative by a great majority.
Some members hereupon begged leave to dissent and others to protest against
these votes and proceedings, and beg leave to bring in their reasons, which was
granted. Their reasons are as follow :
We are obliged, (though with grief,) to enter our dissent from, and declare
our protest against the conduct and votes of this judicature, in the affairs re-
specting the late Donegall Presbytery, for such reasons as these :
1st. Because our distressed brethren always declared a scruj^le of conscience
as the foundation of their petition and behaviour, viz : That they could not in
conscience submit to the examination of the hearts or experiences of candidates
in the way voted by the Synod, as they esteemed it contrary to the word of Grod,
to common sense, and the uniform practice of the Protestant churches : conse-
quently whether well or ill informed, it was a matter which could not be voted
away.
2dly. Because it appeared very untender and unbrotherly to deny that these
members could be conscientious in the affair, when they declared they were so :
we cannot judge what matters will affect other men's consciences.
3dly. Because even the smallest matter, if imposed against the rights of
conscience, obliges the injured to leave the communion. To exclude men from
exercising the power of ordination, unless they submit to it in a way contrary
to their judgment is such an imposition. And therefore the schism in conse-
quence hereof, is to be attributed to the imposers and not to those who are
obliged to withdraw.
4thly. Because by the spirit of the plan of union, Presbyteries were not to
be joined unless for edification, but this modelling evidently tends to ruin and
destruction.
5thly. Because the Synod seem to act too arbitrary a part by forcing mem-
bers into any Presbytery without their own consent, and the consent of their
congregations.
6thly. Because these violent and precipitate votes have rent the Church of
Christ, (alas too much divided already,) to the joy of our enemies, the grief
and distress of all sincere Christians, and the reproach of the Christian name ;
wben only exchanging a member or two in two Presbyteries, might have pre-
vented the breach.
These reasons, together with those entered by two members against a judg-
ment of the last Synod, respecting the alteration of Presbyteries, prevail with
us to enter this our protest, whereby we exonerate our consciences in order to
continue in your communion, and declare before God and the world, that we
are free from all blame in this whole procedure.
Matthew Wilson, John Ewing, Patrick Alison, Francis Alison.
In consequence of the above votes, Mr. Joseph Tate and Mr. John Beard
brought in a declinature, which is as follows :
858 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1766.
To the Rev. Synod of New York and Philadelphia:
We, the subscrihers, humbly beg leave to show, that though we much de-
sire to be in union and friendship with this reverend body, and would not
knowingly be the real authors of any discord in the church of Christ, yet the
determinations of the Synod consequent on our petition presented last year,
and again to this present meeting, seem so grievous and oppressive to us, and
threatening to the credit and interest of religion, that we find ourselves obliged
to declare to this Rev. Synod, that we cannot submit to them, that we hereby
decline all authority and jurisdiction of this body, and that no judgment or deter-
mination thereof shall bind us, or affect our persons or ministry until these
differences of sentiment be removed by better light, and satisfactory means be
found to reconcile and unite us with this reverend body again. And as we
earnestly desire and pray for this, we reserve to ourselves, and expect the
liberty at any time, respectfully to offer such proposals as we may think likely
to answer that end, and upon our satisfying the Reverend Synod, or they us,
to return to our enjoyment of our privileges with them. And in the mean
time we shall endeavour to carry respectfully towards this Reverend Synod,
avoiding whatever might unnecessarily inflame unchristian passions, or tend to
hinder the influence of our brethren in their labours in the gospel, and expect
to be mutually treated by our brethren as ministers of Christ.
The reasons inducing vis to this mournful step are principally such as
these :
1. That the determinations mentioned had not the least apparent tendency
to relieve, but seem rather calculated to increase our grievances, and only to
suppress our complaints and influence in judicatures together.
2. We petitioned only for a thing lawful and often precedented in Presbyte-
rian Synods, and which was wisely requested by the Synod of New York, and
stipulated for in our plan of union ; and yet we think ourselves hereupon
treated so untenderly, so arbitrarily, and so contrary to the love and friendship
that is expected by the distressed, that had the matter denied us even been of
little importance, yet it seems inconsistent with our duty and safety to own and
be subject to a jurisdiction so exercised.
3. We cannot but observe the proceedings of this reverend Synod in this
as well as in many other affairs, appear plainly calculated to bear down one
part of this united Synod, and suppress their influence contrary to the equality
and right of members, and to the nature and whole professed design of our
union.
We pray and crave that this our declinature, and these our reasons, be en-
tered in the records of this Synod, earnestly wishing that the Lord may yet
rectify all hurtful mistakes and heal all discords among us ; and in the mean
time, as we cannot enjoy the benefit of the plan of union in peace, and accord-
ing to the true intent thereof, we declare ourselves to be the Presbytery of
Donegall, and members of the Synod of Philadelphia, as before the conjunction
of the two Synods.
Signed by us, in our own names and in the names of our brethren,
Joseph Tate,
John Beard.
The report of the committee appointed to consider the address of the lay
elders was brought in and is as follows :
The Synod taking into their serious consideration several matters suggested
to them in an address and representation from a number of lay elders and
others of the Presbyterian denomination, occasionally assembled at Philadel-
phia, do, after mature deliberation, look upon said affairs to be of much im-
portance, and deserving the strictest regard as very useful, salutary measures,
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 359
whereby many pernicious evils may be prevented and various great advantages
procured ; and accordingly order said regulations as now amended to be
entered in our minutes, and do most earnestly recommend to all congregations
under our care, the strict observation of the same ; and the Synod appoint the
clerk to transmit, as soon as he conveniently can, a copy of this minute, to-
gether with a copy of said regulations, to the moderator of each Presbytery
in our bounds, to be by said Presbyteries communicated to the people under
their care respectively, and that all proper pains be taken by each Presbytery
to have said measures put in execution, viz :
1st. That in every congregation a committee be appointed, who shall twice
in every year collect the minister's stipend, and lay his receipts before the
Presbytery preceding the Synod ; and at the same time, that ministers give an
account of their diligence in visiting and catechizing their people.
2d. The Synod recommends that a glebe, with a convenient house and neces-
sary improvements, be provided for every minister.
3d. That the church sessions and committees appointed, take special care of
their poor and distressed widows and orphans, and administer to them all the
relief and assistance they can.
4th. The Synod recommend to the church sessions and committees aforesaid,
that they endeavour by their advice and influence to prevent all unnecessary
lawsuits, and if possible to have all differences of a civil nature decided by
arbitration.
5th. The Synod enjoin that exact registers of births, baptisms, marriages,
and burials, be regularly kept in each congregation.
6th. That special care be taken of the principles and characters of school-
masters, that they teach the Westminster Catechism and Psalmody ; and that
the ministers, church sessions, and foresaid committees, (where they consist-
ently can,) visit the schools and see these things be done ; and where schools
are composed of different denominations, that said committees and sessions
invite proper persons of said denominations, to join with them in such visi-
tations.
7th. That as the too great use of spirituous liquors at funerals in some parts
of the country, is risen to such an height as greatly to endanger the morals of
many, and is the cause of much scandal, the Synod earnestly enjoin, that the
several sessions and committees shall take the most effectual methods to cor-
rect these mischiefs, and discountenance by their example and influence all
approaches to such practices, and all ostentatious and expensive parades, so
inconsistent with such mortifying and distressing occasions.
8th. The Synod recommends, that every congregation endeavour to form
a society or societies, for the reformation of manners within their respective
bounds.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow.
Mai/ 29, A. M. nine o'clock. The Synod met according to ajripointment, and
post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the disposal of the money in the hands of Mr. Treat
deferred.
An overture in consequence of yesterday's votes respecting last Synod's
modelling Presbyteries, was brought in by ]Mr. Richard Treat and read : As
a good expedient for the peace of this body, and the satisfaction of the brethren
complaining, that the late Presbytery of Donegall be restored to their former
state as before the last Synod, with the members settled within their bounds
since that time.
The Synod agreed to this overture, and accordingly we revive and restore
360 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1766.
the late Presbytery of Donegall, and appoint that their first meeting be at Car-
lisle the fourth Tuesday in June, 1766 ; and also, that the Presbytery of New
Castle be restored, with all the members since settled in their former bounds,
and to meet under that name, according to their last adjournments when under
the name of Lancaster ; and that such candidates as have begun their trials in
the late Presbytery of Lancaster finish their trials with the Presbytery of New
Castle; and the Synod likewise think it proper to take this opportunity to
declare, that though the dissatisfied brethren inform them, that from their ap-
prehensions, the acts of tbc Synod complained of were unconstitutional, and
that they thought it would be inconsistent to sit as members of their respective
Presbyteries, the Synod cannot see the consequence, yet as these brethren
appear to have acted according to their light, they pass no censure upon their
conduct, but still must express their censure, that they should have acted a part
so liable to be thought of an hurtful tendency.
Mr. Miller had leave to go home.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
P. M., three o clock. The Sj/nod met according to adjournment. Post precea
sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to examine New York Presbytery book made their
remarks, and the book is approved.
The consideration of the disposal of the money in the hands of Mr. Treat,
deferred.
Ordered, That an attested copy of the minutes relative to the request of
Messrs. Tate and Beai'd, be transmitted to them by the hands of Dr. Alison.
An appeal was brought in by the committee of overtures from a judgment
of the Suffolk Presbytery, and taken under consideration ; and, after hearing
the appellant and Presbytery, it was ordered that Messrs. Rodgers, Tennent,
Horton, Jones, McWhorter, Halt, Simon Horton, and Smith, be a committee
to meet, with each an elder, at Huntingdon, the first Wednesday in August,
to try and issue the whole afiair ; and Mr. Rodgers is appointed to open the
committee with a sermon.
Mr. Samuel Blair is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner, sus-
tained.
An overture was made by Dr. Alison, that an address should be made to
our Sovereign, on the joyful occasion of the repeal of the Stamp Act, and
thereby a confirmation of our liberties, at the same time proposing the copy
of such an address for examination ; which was read and approved by the
Synod.
A call for the settlement of Mr. Kerr among them was brought in from
Steel Creek and New Providence, which was read.
Also a supplication for supplies from Long Canes, in South Carolina, was
read and laid on the table.
Another call also from Sugar Creek and llocky River, for the Rev. Mr.
Nathan Kerr, was brought in and read.
A petition was also read from RuUock Creek, Turkey Creek, and Broad
River, for further supplies.
Also a supplication from Little River Settlement, in South Carolina; and
another from Briar (]reek, in Georgia, for supplitjs, were read.
Another call for Mr. Kerr in this settlement was presented and read, from
the united congregation of Centre and Hopewell, in Carolina.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 361
May SOth, nine d'cloch. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
A motion was made that every member of this judicature take subscriptions,
or make collections as he shall find most expedient, in his congregation, or
the neighbouring vacancies, to raise a fund for the propagation and support of
the gospel in such parts as cannot otherwise enjoy it; which, after some dis-
course on the subject, was ordered accordingly. The subscriptions, or collec-
tions for which purpose, are to be laid before next Synod, by the moderator, or
clerk of each Presbytery ; and the several Presbyteries are hereby ordered to
see this determination put into execution.
The affair of Mr. Braiuerd's school resumed.
The Synod resolve to support the Indian school under Mr. Brainerd's care,
and for that purpose order such members as have not this last year made collec-
tions, immediately to collect and transmit to the hands of Mr. Joseph Treat, or
Mr. Ewing, to be paid to Mr. Brainerd ; and that the money now in Mr. Treat's
hands be paid Mr. Brainerd as soon as possible, which sum appears to be twenty-
one pounds, sixteen shillings, and one penny.
Ordered, The several calls mentioned last sederunt be presented to Mr. Kerr,
to be by him considered and answered as soon as possible, which answers are to
be given in to the Presbytery of New York.
A motion was made that the address to his Majesty be transcribed in two fair
copies, to be sent different ways, and inclosed in a letter from this Synod to Dr.
Chandler, constituting him our agent to present our address j the expenses to
be paid by this body.
A memorial was presented by Mr. C. T. Smith, representing the necessity
and importance of sending some suitable missionaries to preach at Williams-
burg ; as also a supplication for supplies to be sent to Carolina, and that he
himself be authorized to itinerate again in those parts.
Also several members verbally supplicated that supplies be also sent to "Wil-
mington and Newbern.
A motion was made in behalf of the second Philadelphia congregation, to
furnish them with supplies immediately.
A motion was also made in favour of Bladensburg, and Upper Marlborough,
in Maryland, to obtain them supplies.
Suffolk Presbytery desired leave to ordain two candidates, Mr. Elam Potter,
and Mr. Isaac Lewes, sine titido, in order to be sent to the southward when
they shall think it proper, which was granted.
The persons to be appointed to the southern mission, deferred.
Adjourned to three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
P. 31. three dchcTc. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
To comply with the many earnest supplications from North and South Caro-
lina, Virginia, and Georgia, the Synod, with their own consent, appoint Messrs.
Lewes, Caldwell, Chesnutt, and Bay, to go into these parts, as soon as possible,
and stay as long as they can in preaching the gospel, and administering the
sacraments in all those vacancies that have supplicated, and in others where
they may be invited, according to their discretion, and that they endeavour to
supply at Upper Marlborough, and Bladensburg, as they go and return ; for
this purpose the moderator is appointed to give those members proper certifi-
cates.
The Synod gratefully accepts Mr. C. T. Smith's proposal, and authorizes him
46
362 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1766.
to itinerato tlirougt Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia, and especially to
preach in Williamsburg, if his health permits.
Mr. Brush is appointed to assist Mr. Brainerd in supplying the vacancies in
his neighbourhood.
Mr. Kirkpatrick is also appointed to go to Williamsburg, and also Mr. Mil-
lar, to supply each fourth Sabbath at least, at their own discretion, and the re-
spective Presbyteries to supply their pulpits.
The supplication for supplies from second Philadelphia congregation consi-
dered, and the Synod appoints Mr. Roe, the two last Sabbaths of June and
first of July ; Mr. Kerr the third Sabbath of July, and the three Sabbaths fol-
lowing J Mr. Mills the second and third of September.
According to a former request of the corporation of the widows' fund for
missionaries to be sent to the frontiers of the province, the Synod appoint
Messrs. Beatty and Dufiield to go together, the first of August next, and preach
at least two months in those parts, and do what else is best for the advance-
ment of religion, according to the instructions of the incoi'poration, as recorded
in the minutes of A. D. 1763 ; and that Mr. Bufiield's pulpit be supplied by
Donegall Presbytery; and Mr. Beatty's be supplied by Mr. Brush, two Sab-
baths, and by New Castle Presbytery, three Sabbaths ; and the fii'st Philadel-
phia Presbytery supply the other Sabbaths.
A pastoral letter was proposed, examined, and approved, and ordered to be
printed immediately, and to be dispersed among all our societies, which is as
follows :
'' Dearly Beloved : — We think it our indispensable duty, not only in our par-
ticular charges, but in this united and more public capacity, to direct you to
some suitable reflections upon the late remarkable and merciful steps of Divine
Providence, and to inculcate a becoming improvement of an event, the most
interesting and important to the people of this continent. For not only in the
word of God should we attend to his Divine will, but also mark his hand in
that Providence by which he directs the course of human affairs with invaria-
ble wisdom and paternal goodness.
" The faithless French, and their savage allies, were lately the rod of Divine
displeasure for our many provocations. Under the calamities of war, and the
wasting ravages of Indian cruelty, we were repeatedly brought to approach the
throne of grace, with solemn fasting and prayer ; and thereby openly professed
our resolution to forsake the ways of sin, and turn unto the Lord. But, alas I
we rendered not to God according to the multitude of his tender mercies, for
no sooner was the rod removed, and the blessings of peace restored, but we be-
came more vain and dissolute than before.
" The Almighty thus provoked, permitted counsels of the most pernicious
tendency, both to Great Britain and her colonies. The imposition of unusual
taxes, a severe restriction of our trade, and an almost total stagnation of busi-
ness, threatened us with inevitable ruin. A long suspense, whether we should
be deprived of, or restored to, the peaceable enjoyment of the inestimable pri-
vilege of English liberty, filled every breast with the most painful anxiety. A
gloomy cloud thickened over our heads, ready to burst upon us in a desolating
storm. Had our gracious Sovei'eign, the present ministry, and the British I'ar-
liament been less wise, just, and good; had they, instead of yielding to a spirit
of moderation, unhappily recurred to force, we shudder at the very thoughts of
the consequences. Wo cannot look down the precipice on the brink of which
we stood, without horror. We were not without reason apprehensive that
the tumultuous outrages, which in some places attended a determined opposi-
tion to the disrelished statute, might provoke the resentment of the British
legislature.
"When we reflect on the public offences of our land against heaven; when
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 363
we think of the open disregard and violation of the holy Sabbath ; the neglect
of the ordinances of Divine worship, the abuse of gospel light and privileges,
the profane swearing and cursing, intemperance and luxury, the various scenes
of uucleanness and lasciviousness, the pride and vanity, and every other evil
60 shamefully prevalent, what less could we expect than that an offended God
would have made the gathering tempest to break upon us, and plunged us and
our mother country in all the rueful calamities of a civil war? But how
astonishing is the long-suffering patience of Jehovah ! He has inclined the
hearts of many powerful friends to espouse our cause. He has given us to
experience the paternal tenderness of the best of kings, and the moderation of
the British Parliament. Our gracious God is our deliverer. He is making a
further trial of us. May his unmerited goodness lead us to repentance.
" We, therefore, call upon you, who are the dear people of our charge, not
only to acknowledge with joy and gratitude the general Providence of God,
but also thankfully to adore that particular Providence, wherein, upon special
occasions, he directs and controls the course of events by his immediate in-
fluence, and whereby he hath on the late interesting occasion, so signally ap-
peared for our protection. W-e call upon you constantly to reverence that
All-wise and Omnipotent Director and Disposer of events on whom we de-
pend for every mercy we enjoy, to be thankful to him for every instance of
prosperity, patient under every affliction, submissive to his wise disposals, and
obedient to all his holy precepts; to awake to repentance, to consider your
ways, and to turn unto the Lord, through his Son Jesus Christ. Let every
one beware of adding to the common stock of guilt and iniquity. We beseech
and obtest you to be strict in observing the laws and ordinances of Jesus
Christ, to pay a sacred regard to his Sabbath, to reverence his holy name,
and adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour by good works. We pray you to
seek earnestly the saving knowledge of Christ, and the internal power and
spirit of religioa Thus may you hope for the continued kindness of a gra-
cious Providence, and this is the way to express your gratitude to the Father
of mercies for your late glorious deliverance. But persisting to grieve the
Holy Spirit, by a neglect of vital religion, and a continuance in sin, you will
have reason to dread that a holy God will punish you yet seven times more
for your iniquities.
*' While we thus call upon you to fear God, you will not forget to honour
your king, and pay a due submission to his august parliament. Let this fresh
instance of royal clemency increase the ardour of your affection to the person,
family, and government, of our rightful and gracious sovereign. This you will
manifest by a cheerful and ready obedience to civil authority. A spirit of
liberty is highly laudable when under proper regulations, but we hope you
will carefully distinguish between liberty and licentiousness.
" We most earnestly recommend it to you to encourage and strengthen the
hands of government, to demonstrate on every proper occasion your undis-
sembled love for your mother country, and your attachment to her true interest,
so inseparably connected with our own.
" That thus you may become wise and good, as well as free and happy, and
that while you enjoy liberty, civil and religious, you may not be the servants
of sin and Satan, is the fervent prayer of those who watch for your souls, as
men who must give an account.
" Signed by order, Elihu Spencer, moderator.
"Presbyterian Church, at New York, May ^Qth, 1766."
A memorial presented by sundry members recommending to every minister
and congregation to erect societies for the reformation of manners and suppres-
sion of vice, was brought in and read; and after some deliberation, the Synod
364 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
judge it highly expedient and earnestly recommend it to all our members,
duly to attend to the memorial, (which we highly approve,) to explain the
necessity of such an affair to all their congregations, and use their utmost
influence to erect societies, according to the important design of the memori-
alists.
An overture was brought in to endeavour to obtain some correspondence
between this Synod and the consociated churches in Connecticut. A copy of
a letter from this Synod to them was also read and approved, and the Rev.
Messrs. John Ewing, Patrick Alison, and the moderator, are desired to pre-
sent this letter and confer with our brethren on this affair. And in case it
shall seem meet to our reverend brethren to attend to this our proposal, so far
as to appoint commissioners from their body to meet with commissioners from
ours ; we appoint the Rev. Dr. Alison, and the Rev. Messrs. Timothy Jones,
William Tennent, John Rodgers, Elisha Kent, John Smith, John Blair, and
Samuel Buel, to meet with them at such time and place as the reverend
brethren of Connecticut shall agi'ee.
Mr. Rodgers is appointed to give the committee notice of what the associated
brethren will do relating to this affair.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Ramsey, Hunter, Kirkpatrick, and
Latta, to be a committee to meet with the corporation of the widows' fund.
For want of time fully to discuss the report of the committee appointed to
consider the address of the lay elders, it is deferred till next Synod.
The Synod adjourned to the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia, to
meet on the third Wednesday of May next, at ten o'clock, A. M.
Concluded with prayer.
17G7.
rhiladcIjjJua, May tie 20th, IVGT.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met at the second Presbyterian
church according to adjournment. Uhi ^wst preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Azariah Horton, John Rodgers, Benjamin Hait, Ben-
jamin Woodruff, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, William Mills,
Israel Reed, William Kirkpatrick, Enoch Green, Richard Treat, Andrew
Hunter, Charles Beatty, William Ramsey, Benjamin Chesnutt, John Clark,
John Ewing, Patrick Alison, John Blair, Elihu Spencer, Robert Smith, John
Miller, Matthew Wilson, Joseph Montgomery, Alexander Huston, Andrew
Bay, George Duffield, Alexander McDowell, James Fiuley, William Mc-
Kennan, James Hunt, Aaron Richards, Thomas Lewis, Francis Peppard,
Azel Roe, John Hanna, John Rosborough, John Siemens, Robert Cooper,
John Simonton, James Latta, John Roan. — 42.
Elders : Messrs. Thomas Jackson, Nathaniel Camp, Thomas Bourne, John
Reeves, Lazarus Pine, John Walker, Dr. Hugh Williamson, John Smith,
James Gilliland, William Hamilton, ]Mills Shankland, John Maxwell of Mary-
land, James Jack, John Maxwell of New Jersey, Francis Campbell, Benjamin
Junkin, John Greer, Richard Walker. — 18.
Ministers absent : Messrs. John Pierson, Timothy Jones, Joseph Treat, Jona-
than Elmore, Abner ])rush, Abner Reeve, Simon Horton, Jacob Green, John
Darbe, ]Moses Tuttle, John Moffat, Samuel Parkhurst, Nathan Kerr, John
Maltby, Hugh Knox, Ebenezer I'rime, Sylvanus White, James White, James
Brown, Nehemiah Barker, Benjamin Talmage, Benjamin Goldsmith, David
Rose, Sampson Occam, Adam Boyd, John (yarmichael, Charles Tennent,
William Tennent, James McCrea, John Guild, Charles iMcKnight, Samuel
Kennedy, Thomas Smith, Amos Thompson, James Lyon, Job Prudden. The
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA^ 365
wliole Presbytery of Dutchess county absent; and the whole Presbytery of
Hanover also; of Donegall the llev. Mr. John Hogg. — 37.
Last year's moderator opened the Synod by a sermon from Rev. ii. 10.
Mr. Hunter is chosen moderator for the ensuing year, who, after receiving
the usual charge from the last year's moderator, took the chair; and Messrs.
Kirkpatrick and Ramsey were chosen clerks.
The reasons of the absence of the Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell, James
Finley, William McKennan, James Hunt, John Roan, Aaron Richards, Francis
Peppard, John Hanna, John Rosborough, and John Siemens, from our last
Synod, sustained.
Theophilus Alexander, Mr. Finley's elder, is now come.
New York Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Jedidiah Chap-
man to the work of the ministry since our last, who being present took his
seat; and also that they have licensed Mr. James Tuttle.
Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Elam Potter and Mr,
John Close, who being present took their seats ; also, that Mr. Thomas Pain is
removed by death since our last.
Bethuel Pierson, Mr. Chapman's elder, is now come.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that Dr. Finley was removed by death on
the seventeenth of July last; and that they have licensed Mr. Alexander
Mitchell.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that the Rev. Mr. Robert
Cross was removed by death in the month of August last.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. John Mc-
Crery, James Boyd, John Craighead, Joseph Alexander, and William Forster.
That Mr. Samuel Blair was dismissed from their body, and has removed to
Boston since our last. That Mr. Alexander Hutchinson was removed by death
in the month of October, 1766.
The Synod appoints for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Messrs. Lewis,
Hait, Reed, Beatty, Simonton, McKennan, Roan, and Miller ; and elders,
Messrs. Thomas Jackson, Thomas Bourne, John Maxwell of Maryland, and
Richard Walker, to meet to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and by adjourn-
ments from time to time, as occasion may require, during the present session.
New York Presbytery further report, that they have taken Mr. Thomas
Jackson, a licensed candidate from Scotland, under their care.
Mr. Montgomery and Mr. Duffield, are appointed a committee to examine
New Brunswick Presbytery book.
Mr. Robert Smith and Mr. Azariah Horton, are appointed a committee to
examine Philadelphia first Presbytery book.
Mr. Caldwell and Mr. Ramsey, are appointed a committee to examine Phila-
delphia second Presbytery book.
Mr. Rodgers and Mr. Mills are appointed a committee to examine Donegall
Presbytery book.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21st day, nine o'clock, A. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qiu supra.
Dr. Alison, and Messrs. Nehemiah Greenman, John Strain, and John
Griffith, are now come, and the reasons of their coming no sooner, sustained ;
and their respective elders, John Johnson, Joseph Vanmeter, Hugh Whiteford.
and Abel Griffiths, are also come. Messrs. Samuel Buel and Jacob Kerr, are
also come, and the reasons of their coming no sooner, sustained.
The committee appointed for the disposing of the interest of the fund in the
hands of the treasurer of the college of New Jersey, for the education of pioua
366 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G7.
youth, report, that they disposed of the whole of the interest due from said
fund oil the first of October last.
And the Synod appoint as a committee for disposing of said money for the
present year, Messrs. William Tennent, Guild, Braincrd, Kirkpatrick, Ewing,
Beatty, Caldwell, and Heed, to meet for that purpose at Princeton on the third
Wednesday of August next, and that Mr. Kirkjjutrick lay the minutes of the
proceedings of the several committees appointed on that business, before us at
our meeting next spring.
The Synod appoint for a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Messrs.
Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Buel, Azariah Ilorton, Jones, William Tenncntj
Reed, Kirkpatrick, Beatty, Ewing, Spencer, Blair, Roan, Robert Smith, IMiller,
and Montgomery, with the moderator; and elders, Messrs. Thomas Jackson,
Richard Walker, Dr. Williamson, and John Smith, thirteen of whom to be a
quorum ; but if the moderator die or be absent, the first on the roll mentioned
in the minute, shall have power to call the commission and preside.
The order of last Synod for transcribing the minutes of Synod since the
union, and sending them to the respective Presbyteries, was not complied with,
on account of some difficulties that came in the way. And the Synod now
order, that the stated clerk give copies of the said minutes to such Presbyteries
as shall make application for them, and recommend it to the several Presby-
teries, each to take care to furnish themselves with said copies.
Ordered, That Mr. Brainerd receive for the current year, the interest of the
fund for Indian affairs, in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey college.
The affair of Mr. Rowan's appeal deferred.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have deposed Mr. John
Murray since our last.
Adjourned to three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
21 day, three d clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Pod preces sederunt qui supra.
The members of Donegall Presbytery here present, report, that they com-
plied with the order of Synod, for restoring that Presbytery into its former
state, but that the dissatisfied brethren, viz. Messrs. Steel, Tate, Thompson,
Sampson Smith, McMurdie, Elder, and Board, refused to meet with them,
though duly notified ; and that they have been informed, that said dissatisfied
brethren have proceeded to form themselves into a separate body, and have
acted in a Presbyterial capacity every since.
A letter was brought into the Synod, directed to the moderator, signed by
the Rev. Messrs. John Elder, and John Steel, as moderator and clerk of a
Presbytery which they call the Presbytery of Donegall, representing that they
had been forced by sundry petitions to ajjply to Synod to be erected into two
Presbyteries, which petitions not having had desired success, they were laid
under the disagreeble necessity of entering a declinature from the jurisdiction
of the Synod ; and declaring withal their readiness to return into communion
with the Synod, provided they might be erected by them into a separate Pres-
bytery ; which letter was read, and ordered to lie on the table for a second
reading. From all which the Synod observe that the brethren of Donegall
Presbytery, who petitioned for being erected into a separate Presbytery, in the
year 1765, adopt the declinature entered last year, by Messrs. Beard and Tate,
and consequently must not now be considered as members of this body.
The committee appointed to meet at Huntingdon report, that they complied
with the order of Synod, and issued the affair to the satisfaction of the parties
concerned.
Dr. Williamson informs the Synod that the address to his Majesty was
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 367
presented by Mr. De Berdt, and graciously received. And the Synod desire
Dr. Williamson to present their"thanks to Mr. De Berdt for his kind services
in that affair.
The Synod also order the moderator to give Dr. Williamson their thanks for
his services in the care of the same address.
Ordered, That each Presbytery bring in to-morrow morning an account how
their several members have complied with the order of last Synod for taking
subscriptions, and making collections in their respective congregations, and the
vacancies in their bounds, to raise a fund for the propagation and support of the
gospel in such places as cannot otherwise enjoy it.
Ordered, That Messrs. Ewing and Treat be called upon to give an account of
the moneys they have received in consequence of an order of last Synod for con-
gregations that had not collected the year before, to make collections for the
support of the Indian school under Mr. Brainerd's care.
New York Presbytery report, that Mr. Nathan Kerr gave a negative answer
to the calls from Carolina, put into his hands by order of Synod.
Messrs. Lewis and Caldwell complied with the order of Synod in going to
the southward ; and Messrs. Bay and Chesuutt gave reasons for not going,
which were sustained.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
22d day, nine o^cloch, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Uhi post 2^rcces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Samuel Kennedy is now come, and he is oi-dered to give at next sederunt,
the reasons of his absence from our Synodical meetings since the year 1762.
His elder, John Carl, is also come.
The letter signed by Messrs. Elder and Steel, was ordered to be read a second
time, and the Synod agree to enter upon the consideration of it ; and after much
time spent in reasoning on the subject, the Synod find they cannot admit said
brethren in the manner they have requested ; but, as we would gladly take
every step we can, consistent with a good conscience and the interests of reli-
gion, to remove the uneasiness of our brethren, and promote harmony and
peace ; we appoint Messrs. Buel, Rodgers, Horton, Kirkpatrick, Beatty, Ewing,
Blair, and Miller, a committee to bring in an overture to-morrrow morning
relative to the aforesaid petition.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P, M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Tlie Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi post
jjreces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Eliphalet Ball is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner sus-
tained. Also, William Norcross, Mr. Kirkpatrick's elder, is now come.
Mr. Kennedy gave the reasons of his absence from Synod for five years past,
which were sustained.
In consequence of an order of yesterday, each Presbytery brought in an ac-
count how their respective members complied with the order of last Synod for
making a collection to establish a fund for the propagation of the gospel among
the poor, &c.
And the Synod are obliged to declare that it is matter of real grief to them
to find that so many of their members have paid so little regard to the authority
of Synod, enjoining a liberality for so pious and important a purpose.
The account of moneys collected for the purpose aforesaid, and the persona
by whom, is as follows :
868 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
Of Suffolk Presbytery.
Mr. White, . . . York currency; £1 10 0
Mr. Rose, 19 0
Mr. Brown, 5 0 0
Mr. Barker, 1 10 0
Mr. Close, 5 0 0
Mr. Mills, 4 2 0
Total, . . . 18 11 0
Equal to Pennsylvania currency, . . £17 12 7i
Of New York Presbytery.
Mr. Rodgers, £42 9 2 Yk. currency.
Mr. Richards, 1 6 2J
Mr. Peppard, ... . 100
44 15 4^
Equal to £41 4 2 Pennsyl. cur.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery.
Mr. Reed, £1 10 0
Mr. Hanna, 10 0
Mr. Kirkpatrick, 2 17 1
Mr. Rosborough, 10 0
£6 7 1 Pro. cur.
Of Philadelphia First Presbytery.
Mr. Hunter, £3 7 10
Mr. Beatty, 3 17 5
Mr. Richard Treat, . . . . 2 10 9
Mr. Ramsey, 3 4 0
Mr. Clark, 1 16 6
Philadelphia Second Congregation, . . 13 11 11 J
Total, . . . £28 8 5i
Of Philadelphia Second Presbytery.
Mr. Ewing, £12 0 0
Of New Castle Presbytery.
Mr. Blair, £0 16 7
Mr. McCarman, . . . . 1 12 4
£2 8 11
Of Donegall Presbytery.
Mr. Robert Smith, . . . . £2 10 0
Of Lewestown Presbytery.
Mr. Montgomery, . . . .£100
An unknown hand, . . . . . 0 10 0
Amounting in the whole to, . . £112 1 3 Pro. cur.
The account of moneys received by Messrs. Ewing and Joseph Treat, deferred
till next sederunt.
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 369
Mr. Richard Treat reports, that he paid into the hands of Mr. Brainerd the
sum of twenty-one pounds, sixteen shillings and one penny, which appears to be
the sum put into the hands of Mr. Treat, jun'r. last year, for the support of
the Indian school under Mr. Brainerd's care.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer,
23c? day, nine dcloch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. William Tennent is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner sus-
tained.
Mr. p]lias Bailey, Mr. Mills's elder, is also come.
Ordered, That Mr. Ewing pay to Mr. Brainerd the sum of two pounds
eighteen shillings, which he reports is the whole he has received for the Indian
school ; and it is also ordered, that Mr. Joseph Treat pay to Mr. Brainerd the
whole of the money he has in his hands at the disposal of the Synod.
The committee appointed to bring in an overture this morning, relative to
the petition of Messrs. Elder, Steel, &c. report that they have not had time
to complete it, and pray that they may have till next Monday morning for that
purpose.
The aifair of Mr. Brainerd's school deferred.
The Synod order, that every Presbytery belonging to this body, be careful
that those ministers in their bounds, who have not made a collection for pious
uses, as it was appointed last year, make a collection before the first of August ;
and that it be put into the hands of the moderator of the respective Presbyte-
ries, and sent without delay to the treasurer appointed by the Synod. But we
desire that such ministers, whose reasons for not complying with the Synodical
order, have been sustained, be urged no further at this time.
Thomas Tobin, Mr. Spencer's elder, is now come.
An overture from the Presbytery of New York, relative to collections and
subscriptions for pious purposes, was brought in and read. The Synod appoint
Dr. Alison, and Messrs. DufSeld and Williamson, to correct the overture, and
prepare an introduction to said plan, to be submitted to the Synod at their next
sederunt.
Mr. Brush did not fulfil his appointments, either to the vacancies in the
neighbourhood of Mr. Brainerd's congregation, or to Neshaminy, but not being
present the Synod could not inquire into the reasons of it.
Messrs. Miller's and Kirkpatrick's reasons for not going to Virginia, sus-
tained.
The appointments of last Synod, for supplies to the second Presbyterian
church in Philadelphia, fulfilled.
Messrs. Beatty and Duffield complied with the order of last Synod, in going
on a mission to the frontiers.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M., on Monday nest. Concluded with
prayer.
25ih day, nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjmrnment. Uhi
post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr, Chauncey Graham is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner,
sustained.
The committee appointed to bring in an overture, relative to the letter sent
from Messrs. Elder and Steel, have not yet brought it in.
The afi"air of Mr. Brainerd's school further deferred.
The committee appointed to correct the overture from New York Presbytery,
47
870 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
relative to a collection for pious purposes, and to prepare an introduction to the
same, brought it in, which being read and approved, is as follows, viz :
The Synod laying to heart the unhappy lot of many people in various parts
of our land, who at present are brought up in ignorance, and that they and their
fomilies are perishing for lack of knowledge, who, on account of their poverty
or scattered habitations, are unable without some assistance to support tbe gos-
pel ministry among them ; considering also, that it is their duty to send mis-
sionaries to the frontier settlements, who may preach to the dispersed families
there, and form them into societies for the public worship of God, and being
moved with compassion towards the Indians, especially those under our care,
who are extremely poor and unable to teach their children to read, or to instruct
them in the knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, have resolved to attempt their
relief, and to instruct such as may be willing to hear the gospel.
But as such purposes must be carried on at a considerable expense, we, in
imitation of the laudable example of many other societies, recommend a public
collection to all the congregations under our care; and that such collection may
the more effectually answer the above design, with such other pious uses as
frequently occur, they have agreed on the following regulations :
1. That an annual collection be made in all the congregations under our care,
as well in the vacant congregations, which the Presbytery may judge able to
contribute, as in the congregations that have stated ministers, which shall be
disposed of for pious uses at the discretion of the Synod.
2. That each Presbytery under our care appoint a treasurer, who is to receiva
the money collected from the minister or elder of each congregation within the
bounds of said Presbytery, and who shall keep a fair account how much he re-
ceives from each congregation by name, with an account of such congregations
as have neglected to contribute.
3. That there be a general treasurer appointed by the Synod, who shall re-
ceive the collected money from each of the Presbyterial treasurers, which Sy-
nodical treasurer shall also take a fair account of all the money received with
the names of the several congregations, as returned him by the Presbyterial
treasurers.
4. That the Synod every year during their session, cause to be printed a faif
account of the money they have received that year from each congregation, also
of the disbursements of the money received the foregoing year, with an account
of the purposes to which it was applied ; and that each minister in the Synod
get one of said printed accounts to communicate to his people and to the neigh-
bouring vacant congregations, that so they may have the satisfaction of know-
ing to what purposes their donations were applied.
Ordered, That Dr. Williamson take care to get the above regulations printed.
Mr. llichard Treat is appointed general treasurer, to receive the aforesaid bene-
factions for the present year.
The order of last Synod respecting societies for the reformation of manners,
was not generally complied with, which was occasioned by their not having
copies of the order or plan. The further consideration of this deferred.
Also the consideration of the correspondence proposed with the associate
churches in Connecticut, is deferred.
The committee appointed to meet with the corporation of the widows' fund,
did not attend except Mr. Kirkpatrick. Their reasons for not attending were
sustained. The appointment of another committee, and the further considera-
tion of this matter deferred.
The committee appointed to consider the address of the lay elders and others,
brought in their report last year, the further consideration of which was then
deferred to the present sessions ; but through mistake was transcribed in the
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 371
minutes of last year. The Synod entered upon the consideration of the over-
ture they brought in, and have adopted it, as it stands in our book.
Adjoftrned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
2bth day, three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Uhi post preccs sederunt qui sxijyra.
Mr. Brainerd is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner are sus-
tained.
The overture respecting the Donegall brethren, not yet brought in.
The affair of Mr. Brainerd's school came to be considered, and the Synod
agree to allow Mr. Brainerd the sum of thirty pounds per year, for the last
three years, for defraying the expenses of the Indian school, which sum he
acknowledges he has already in his hands.
And it is further agreed, to allow Mr. Brainerd the sum of thirty pounds for
the support of the Indian school for the current year, and the sum of twenty
pounds, as an addition to his salary for his extraordinary services in forming
societies, and labouring among the white people in that large and uncultivated
country.
The affair of forming societies for the reformation of manners, came under
consideration, and a member brought in a plan for the purpose, which the Synod
recommend to the several members to obtain copies of, and to adapt to their
particular circumstances, and that the several Presbyteries use their utmost
influence to promote such societies in their respective bounds.
The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con-
necticut, further deferred.
Ordered, That Messrs. Montgomery, Ramsey, Latta, and Kirkpatrick, be a
committee to inspect into some papers in the hands of Mr. Beatty, i-elative to the
corporation for the widows' fund ; that Mr. Beatty attend with them, and that
they bring in their report to-morrow afternoon.
The committee appointed to examine New Brunswick Presbytery book,
brought it in, and after some remarks it was approved.
The committee appointed to examine Philadelphia second Presbytery book,
brought it in, and after some remarks it was also approved.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26f7i day, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except the Rev. Mr. John Griflith and John Smith ; Mills Shankland and
Benjamin Junkin, elders, who are absent without leave, and we are informed
are gone home.)
The committee appointed to bring in an overture relative to the dissatisfied
Donegall brethren, brought it in, the substance of which is as follows, viz.
That the Synod declare themselves highly offended at these brethren, for not
only abiding by their declinature, but acting in a hostile manner since, in
alienating the minds of people under their influence, from the Synod, and so
forming and prosecuting a schism. That, though the Synod declare they might
justly refuse their admission to membership until they acknowledge their
oflence, and submit to censure, yet out of tenderness to the societies in those
parts, and to put an end to this schism, it is humbly overtured, that the Synod
consent that Messrs. Steel, Elder, Tate, McMordie, Sampson Smith, and Beard,
be a Presbytery, by the name of the Presbytery of Donegall, bounded on the
west by the river Susquehannah, including Mr. Steel's congregation while he
is their minister : provided, nevertheless, that when any of these brethren
shall remove out of the bounds of said Presbytery, they shall become members
372 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
of the Presbytery into whose bounds they shall remove. And that the Pres-
bytery of Carlisle shall be revived, to which Messrs. Roan, Thompson, and
Lang, shall belong. •
And after much reasoning, whether the Synod should adopt, the overture or
not, the further consideration of it was deferred to the afternoon.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. The Sijnod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
]Mr. Huston had leave to go home.
The consideration of the overture respecting the dissatisfied Donegal! breth-
ren, resumed, and after all the members that desired to speak, had been fully
heard, and the matter maturely considered, it was put to vote, whether the
overture should be admitted or not, and it was carried in the negative by a con-
siderable majority.
In the mean time, though the Synod cannot grant the request of said breth-
ren, to be formed into a distinct I'resbytery, yet we declare, that upon their
avoiding divisive and hostile measures, and acting in a peaceable and Christian
manner, we shall stand ready to hear any reasonable proposal for their return-
ing into membership with us.
The committee appointed to inspect some papers in the hands of the corpo-
ration for the widows' fund, brought in their report, which is as follows, viz :
That agreeable to an act of the General Assembly of the Church of Scot-
land, passed in the year , the money raised by collections in the several
congregations of that church, shall be disposed of by the charitable corporation
in conjunction with a committee of the united Synod of New York and Phila-
delphia, for the support and relief of such ministers as are, or may hereafter be
called to preach the everlasting gospel among the benighted Indians, or to such
congregations as cannot afford them sufficient maintenance, and that the com-
mittee cannot ascertain the sura.
The Synod appoint the same committee, with the addition of Messrs.
Spencer and McWhorter, to wait on the corporation aforesaid, to-morrow
morning at nine o'clock, in order to have the aforesaid sum ascertained, and
the power of the committee in disposing of it, and all other matters relating
to it.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
^Ith day, nine o'clock, A. M., the Synod met according to adjournmer.t-
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con-
necticut further deferred.
Having gone through the business upon our minutes, ordered, to proceed to
consider those matters brought in by the committee of overtures.
A supplication was brought in from Albany, respecting some difficulties in
the congregation in that city, which was read; and upon finding that the mat-
ter had not been laid before the Pres])ytery, we refer it to them, and order them
to meet and consider it as soon as possible.
But as it is represented to the Synod, that there are many vacancies in the
neighbourhood of Albany, where, it is probable, sundry important congrega-
tions may be formed, we do appoint the Rev. Mr. Kennedy as a missionary
through those parts, and that he take as particular account as he can of the
State of that country, and lay it before our next Synod ; and that he supply
also some time at the direction of Dutchess Presbytery, if it may be convenient,
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 373
and that New York Presbytery supply Mr. Kennedy's pulpit seven Sabbaths
in his absence.
An appeal was brought in by Mr. John Lawrence, from a judgment of the
Presbytery of Dutchess respecting Mr. Ball, and the said Mr. Lawrence re-
quested that the Synod would appoint a committee to meet at Bedford to hear
his appeal, as he could not prosecute it at this distance.
In order that the Synod might be able to judge whether the matter com-
plained of to the Presbytery, from which the appeal was brought, is an object
of sufficient importance to induce the Synod to send a committee there, agree-
ably to the prayer of the appellant, it was agreed that Mr. Lawrence should lay
before the Synod his complaint, and that Mr. Ball should be heard in what he
had to say by way of defence ; and that the Presbytery of Dutchess should give
all the light they could in the affair, by producing the minutes of their Presby-
tei'y on that head, &c.
And after hearing all that the several parties had to offer, the Synod judge,
that it is by no means worthy of so much notice as to appoint a committee to go
there to determine it; because if there were evidences present to prove all the
matters alleged against Mr. Ball by Mr. Lawrence, yet they are of so trivial a
nature, that they could not be the foundation of any judicial censure, and eon-
sequently that the conduct of Mr. Lawrence and others in the society, in ab-
senting themselves from public worship, on so slender a foundation, can by no
means be justified.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui siqira.
(Except Mr. Slemmons, who we are informed has gone home, though liberty
for that purpose was denied him when he asked it.)
The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con-
necticut further deferred.
An appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery of Suffolk, respecting Mr.
Mills's removal from Jamaica on Long Island to the second Presbyterian church
in Philadelphia, was brought in and read.
After reading of which, a supplication from the second Presbyterian church
in Philadelphia prosecuting the appeal, and urging Mr. Mills's removal ; like-
wise a long remonstrance from the congregation of Jamaica, together with an
address from the Presbytery of Suffolk, and a letter from the Hev. Mr. Prime,
remonstrating against Mr. Mills's removal, were brought in and read.
The Synod then proceeded fully to hear what the respective commissioners
and the Presbytery of Suffolk had further to say, for and against Mr. Mills's
removal, and having heard Mr. Mills himself on the affair, the Synod not hav-
ing time now to issue it, refer the further consideration of it till to-morrow
morning.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
28^7i dai/, nine o'clock, A. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post p7-eces sederunt qui sujira.
The consideration of Mr. Mills's removal resumed. The Synod having
carefully considered all the arguments that were offered against Mr. Mills's
removal from Jamaica, together with the arguments on the other hand, for
bringing him to this city, having also heard Mr. Mills's own judgment on this
subject, that he esteems it his duty to remain in Jamaica; upon the whole,
the Synod do confirm the judgment of the Presbytery of Suffolk on that head,
374 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G7.
bein<T fully of opinion that it will not be for the edification of the church to
remoN'o hira.
The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con-
necticut resumed.
The minutes of a convention held at Elizabethtown, the fifth of November
last, by delegates from the consociated churches in Connecticut and from this
Synod, were read, and a plan of union proposed between the Congregational,
consociated and Presbyterian churches formed at that convention, was seriously
considered and amended ; and the following gentlemen, with any other minis-
ters of this reverend body that please to attend, are appointed to meet with
the delegates or commissioners from the Congregational and consociated
or any Presbyterial bodies, at New Haven the tenth day of next Septem-
ber, and there finally, on the part of this body, to complete the plan of union,
and transact all other business that shall be found necessary in consequence
thereof.
The gentlemen appointed are the Rev. Messrs. Lewis, Buel, Mills, Mc-
Whorter, Rodgers, Hait, Kirkpatrick, Reed, Ramsey, Beatty, Dr. Alison,
Ewing, ]31air, Spencer, Wilson, Miller, Duffield, Robert Smith, Graham, and
Ball.
Mr. Rosborough and his elder, John Maxwell, had leave to go home.
The committee appointed to examine Philadelphia Presbytery book brought
it in, and after a few remarks it was approved.
Ordered, That Dr. Williamson get the address and representation of the
ruling elders and others, of the Presbyterian denomination in Philadelphia, as
corrected and approved by this Synod, printed. That the clerk furnish him
with a copy for that purpose.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
8 dclock, P. M., the Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the correspondence with foreign churches further de-
ferred.
Application was made by the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia for
supplies, and especially for settled ministers.
The following congregations in North Carolina, viz : Sugar Creek, Fishing
Creek, Bethel, the Jersey settlement. Centre Congregation, Poplar Tent, and
Rocky River, united in a petition for one or more, of the Rev. Messrs. Spencer,
Lewis, McWhortcr, and James Caldwell, to be sent there, promising for their
encouragement that the sum of eighty pounds be paid by any of these con-
gregations in which he shall choose to spend half of his time, and another
eighty pounds by the vacant congregations he shall supply ; this petition being
read, the several gentlemen mentioned in it were interrogated whether they
would comply with this request, to which each of them returned a negative
answer.
Petitions for supplies were likewise brought in and read from Orange and
Culpepper counties, and the south branch of l*otomac in Virginia ; and from
the Long Canes, Cathy's Settlement, Indian Creek, and Duncan's Creek, in
North Carolina.
Motions for supplies were also made in behalf of Williamsburg and places
adjacent, Hanover, and Cub Creek, in Virginia; Newbern, Edenton, Fourth
Creek, U^pper Hico, Haw River, Goshen in the forks of Catawba, the south
fork of Catawba, the forks of Yadkin, and Salisbury, in North Carolina ;
Little River in South Carolina ; and ]?riar Creek in Georgia.
The committee appointed to examine Donegall Presbytery book, brought it
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 375
in, and informed tlie Synod that it did not contain the minutes of that Presby-
tery since hist Synod, when it was restored to its former state, and queried
whether they should go any further back in examination of it, to which the
Synod gave an answer in the negative, and therefore it was returned without
any remarks.
The committee appointed to wait on the corporation for the widows' fund,
report, that they have not yet received their answer.
In compliance with the request from Albany, the Synod appoint Mr. Rod-
gers to take a journey to Albany and the places adjacent, as soon as he con-
veniently can, and supply in that country where he may judge most necessary,
at least six Sabbaths, and that SuiFolk Presbytery supply Mr. Piodgers's
pulpit three Sabbaths, and New York Presbytery the remaining Sabbaths in
his absence.
In order to answer the earnest and pressing supplications from Virginia,
f/arolina, &c. the Synod appoint Messrs. Bay, Potter, McCrery, Alexander,
Latta, jun'r. Anderson, and Jackson, to take a journey as soon as the circum-
stances of their aiFairs will admit, through Virginia, the Carolinas, (and
Georgia if they can,) and that each tarry half a year, and as much longer as he
shall think proper.
And it is recommended to Mr. Bay to visit the South Branch of Potomac in
going out, and Wilmington, Newbern, Edenton, and Williamsburg, and the
places along the sea shore in his return. And that Mr. Jacob Kerr pay a visit
to Williamsburg, and tarry there at discretion.
And it is ordered, that proper testimonials be given to these gentlemen for
their journey, signed by the moderator and clerk, together with a list of the
vacancies that have now supplicated for supplios%
The Synod took into consideration supplies for the second Presbyterian
congregation in Philadelphia, and appoint as follows, viz :
That Mr. Kirkpatrick supply there the first Sabbath of June, Mr. Rodgers
the second, Mr. Ramsey the third, Mr. Treat, jun'r. the fourth and first of
July, Mr. Richard Treat the second, Mr. Duffield the third and fourth ; Mr.
Robert Smith the first Sabbath of August, Mr. Richard Treat the second, Mr.
Spencer the third and fourth, Mr. Finley the fifth; Mr. Richard Treat the
first Sabbath of September, Mr. Horton the second and third, Mr. Blair the
fourth ; Mr. Roe the first and second Sabbaths of October, Mr, McWhorter
the third and fourth ; Mr. Latta the first Sabbath of November, Mr. Hunter
the second and third, IMr. Richard Treat the fourth, Mr. Close the fifth and
first of December, Mr. Woodrufi" the second and third, Mr. Richard Treat the
fourth, Mr. Forster the fifth and first of February, Mr. Montgomery the
second and third, Mr. Miller the fourth; Mr. R. Treat the fii-st Sabbath
of March, Mr. Robert Smith the second, Mr. Hunter the third, Mr. Ramsey
the fourth ; Mr. Halt the first and second Sabbaths of April, Mr. Blair the
third and fourth ; Mr. Treat the first Sabbath of May, and Mr. Chesnutt the
second.
Adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
29/^ cIoT/, eight o'clock, A. M., the St/nod met according to adjournment.
Post jJrcces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That Messrs. Blair and Finley review the Donegall Presbytery
book before our next Synod, and for that purpose order, that it be put into
their hands at least a month before the Synod.
Messrs. Beatty and Dufiield's mission among the Indians and frontiers,
came under consideration. And they report that they performed their mis-
sion to the frontiers and among the Indians. That they found on the fron-
876 MINUTES OF TIIE SYNOD OF [1767.
tiers numbers of people earnestly desirous of forming themselves into con-
gregations, and declaring their willingness to exert their utmost in order to
have the gospel among them, but in circumstances exceedingly distressing
and necessitous from the late calamities of the war in these parts. And also,
that they visited the Indians at the chief town of the Delaware Nation, on the
Muskingum, about one hundred and thirty miles beyond Fort Pitt, and were
received much more cheerfully than they could have expected. That a con-
siderable number of them waited on the preaching of the gospel with peculiar
attention, many of them appearing solemnly concerned about the great matters
of religion, that they expressed an earnest desire of having further opportuni-
ties of hearing those things; that they informed them, that several other tribes
of Indians around them were ready to join with them in receiving the gospel,
and earnestly desiring an opportunity. Upon the whole, that there does ap-
pear a very agreeable prospect of a door opening for the gospel being spread
among those poor benighted savage tribes.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper to pay a visit to
our frontier settlements and the Indians on Muskingum and other places, and
tarry with them at least three months this summer, provided the report
brought back by the Indian interpreter, Joseph, from them and delivered to
the Rev. Dr. Alison, and Messrs. Treat, Beatty, and Ewing, proves encour-
aging, which gentlemen are hereby appointed a committee to receive and judge
of said report.
Ordered also. That Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper take no money from the
frontier settlements for their ministerial labours among them.
Ordered, That Mr. McKnight supply Mr. Brainerd's place among the
Indians, and at Mount Holly the second, third, and fourth Sabbaths of July, and
that Mr. William Tennent serve Mr. McKnight with a copy of this minute.
Ordered, That the Lewestown Presbytery send a supply to Egg Harbour
and the vacancies in those parts, five Sabbaths in the month of August and one
in the month of September. And that Mr. Alexander supply in these parts the
three last Sabbaths of September.
And the Synod do agree to pay out of the fund in their hands, raised for
pious uses, to the young men sent by Lewestown Presbytery, and to Mr. Alex-
ander for their labours in those parts, at the usual rates for supplies.
The consideration of the correspondence with foreign churches resumed ; and
the committee appointed at our last Synod for that purpose, report, that for
some prudential reasons they did not comply with the order. The Synod do,
therefore, appoint the Rev. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Treat, Rodgers, Ewing, Treat,
junior, Beatty, McWhorter, and Dr. AVilliamson, to be a committee for the
said purpose, and that they be punctual in preparing letters to the foreign
churches, to be laid before our next Synod.
An overture was made by Mr. Robert Smith, that he might be set off from
Donegall Presbytery, and have leave to join New Castle, as it is much more
convenient, which was granted.
The Synod do appoint the Rev. Messi-s. Spencer, IMcWhortcr, Kirkpatrick,
Ramsey, and IMontgomery, to be a committee to wait further ou the corpora-
tion for the widows' fund, and get an answer to the queries proposed, and
transact all afiairs with said corporation for the present year, and that tlic com-
mittee make a full report of the whole to the Synod next year.
Ordered, That Mr. Treat pay out of the fund for pious uses, the printer for
two hundred and fifty copies of the ruling elders' plan.
The Rev. jNIr. Roan drops his appeal from a judgment of a committee of
the Synod, appointed at Ilanover, two years ago, provided that it shall not be
understood that he acquiesces in said judgment.
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 377
Ordered, That the stated clerk of Synod give Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper
proper certificates for their joui-ney.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at the first Presby-
terian Church in Philadelphia, at ten o'clock, A. M.
Concluded with prayer.
ires.
Philadelphia, the \^th day of May, 1768.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met at the first Presbyterian
Church, according to adjournment.
Of Dutchess : Rev. Messrs. Wheeler Chase, Thomas Lewis.
Of New York : Rev. Messrs. Azariah Horton, Aaron Richards, John Rod-
gers, Benjamin Woodruff, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, James Cald-
well, Azel Roe, Joseph Treat, Nathan Kerr, Francis Peppard, Jedediah
Chapman.
Of New Brunswick : Rev. IMessrs. William Tennent, Israel Reed, Thomas
Smith, John Rosborough, William Kirkpatrick, John Blair.
Of Philadelphia first Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, Andrew
Hunter, William Ramsey.
Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : Rev. Messrs. John Ewing, Patrick
Alison.
Of New Castle : Rev. IMessrs. Alexander McDowell, Elihu Spencer, Robert
Smith, William McKennan, John Carmichael.
Of Lewestown : Rev. Messrs. John Millar, Matthew Wilson, Joseph Mont-
gomery.
Of Donegall : Rev. Messrs. John Roan, John Hogg, James Hunt, John
Strain, John Slemmons, Robert Cooper, Amos Thomson.
Elders : John Moore, Nathaniel McKinley, Dr. Burnet, Dr. Bloomfield,
Bethuel Pierson, Aaron Mattison, Jacob Reeder, Philip Wynkoop, Joseph
Fithian, Dr. Williamson, Dr. Lyon, Manasseh Logue, John Whitehill, Samuel
Culbertson, John Voorhees, James Ramsey, Isaiah Potter.
Absent, Dutchess County Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Smith, Elisha
Kent, Eliphalet Ball, Solomon Mead, James Peck, Samuel Dunlop.
Sufiblk Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Silvanus White, Samuel
Buel, James Brown, Nehemiah Barker, Benjamin Tallmage, Benjamin Gould-
smith, David Rose, William Mills, John Close, Elam Potter, Samson Oc-
cum.
New Brunswick Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. James McCrea, John Guild,
Charles McKnight, Samuel Kennedy, Amos Thomson, Job Prudden, James
Lyon, John Hanna.
New York Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Simon Horton, Abner Reeve, Jonathan
Elmer, Benjamin Hait, Jacob Green, James Tuttle, Hugh Knox, John Malby,
Moses Tuttle, John Mofiat.
First Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Charles Beatty, John Brainerd,
Nehemiah Greenman.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, James
Latta.
Lewes Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Charles Tennent, Jacob Kerr, Alexander
Huston, John Harris.
Donegall Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Adam Boyd, Andrew Bay, James
Fiuley.
All Hanover Presbytery absent.
48
378 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768.
The Rev. Mr. Hunter, last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon
from Gal. i. 8.
The Ilev. Mr. Blair was chosen moderator for the ensuing year ; who, after
receiving the usual charge from the last year's moderator, took the chair. And
Messrs. Montgomery and Ramsey were chosen clerks.
The reasons offered by Messrs. -Joseph Treat, Abner Brush, Nathan Kerr,
John Carmichael, Thomas Smith, Amos Thomson, for non-attendance last
year, are sustained ; and John Hogg's absence for this several years past, ex-
cused.
Mr. Chauncey Graham is now come, and his elder, Mr. Potter.
The Rev. John Clark is also come.
New York Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach the gospel
since our last, Alexander Miller ; and that Mr. Samuel Parkhurst was removed
by death, the 11th of March, 1768.
Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have licensed William "Woodhvill to
preach the gospel.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of
the ministry, Mr. Jeremiah Halsey.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs Tho-
mas Reed and John King; and that Mr. James Latta, a licensed candidate,
who was sent by the Synod to the southern parts, informs them by letter, that
he is joined with the Presbytery in South Carolina.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. Joseph Smith to
preach the gospel.
Dutchess County Presbytery report, that Mr. Samuel Sacket has declined
their jurisdiction, and that they have suspended from the work of the ministry
Mr. William Hanah.
The Lewes Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the
ministry, Mr. Thomas McCrakin, who, being present, took his seat; and that
they have licensed to preach the gospel, Messrs. James Watt, Samuel Eakin,
and John Bacon.
Donegall Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the
ministry, Mr. John Craighead, who, being present, took his seat; and that
they have licensed Hezekiah James Balch to preach the gospel : and a mem-
ber reports, that the Rev. Mr. Robert Henry departed this life the 8 th of
May, 1767.
The Synod appoint, for a committee of overtures, Messrs. Lewis Woodruff,
Thomas Smith, Hunter, Patrick Alison, Robert Smith, Hunt, Miller, Case,
Elders, Dr. Bloomfield, Dr. Burnet, John Voorhoes, and Dr. Lyon, to meet to-
morrow morning, at six o'clock, in this place, and by adjournment from time to
time, as occasion may require, during the session.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
Idth, at nine o'clocic, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Messrs. Green, Simonton, Griffith, are now come, and their reasons
for non-attendance yesterday, sustained.
The Rev. Messrs. Jones, Halsey, and Chesnutt, are also now come, and Mr.
Jones' elder, Col. Jacob Pord ;" their reasons for not attending yesterday, sus-
tained.
The Rev. Mr. Duffield is now come, and his reasons for non-attendance yes-
terday, sustained; his elder, John McBride, is also come.
Messrs. Treat and Caldwell arc appointed a committee to examine New Bruns-
wick Presbytery book.
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 379
Messrs. Reed and Roan are appointed a committee to examine the first Phi.
ladelphia Presbytery book.
Messrs. Rodgers and Wilson are appointed a committee to examine Donegall
Presbytery book.
Messrs. Kirkpatrick and Ewing are appointed a committee to examine Ne^jr
York Presbytery book.
Messrs. Dufiield and Cooper are appointed a committee to examine Lewes-
towu Presbytery book.
Messrs. Robert Smith and Spencer are appointed a committee to examine
Dutchess County Presbytery book.
The Presbytery books of Suffolk, New Castle, Hanover, and the second
Presbytery of Philadelphia, are not present.
The report of the committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands
of the treasurer of New Jersey College, belonging to the Synod for the educa-
tion of poor and pious youth, deferred.
And the Synod appoint for a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Lewis, Mills, Azariah Horton, Jones,
William Tennent, Reed, Kirkpatrick, Hunter, Ewing, Spencer, Roan, Robert
Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Dufiield, Graham, Case, with the moderator; and
elders Col. Ford, Dr. Williamson, Dr. Bloorafield, Dr. Burnet, Dr. Lyon, and
Mr. Voorhees. Thirteen of whom to be a quorum ; but if the moderator die,
or is absent, the first mentioned on the roll in the minutes, shall have power to
call the commission and preside.
Mr. Brush's reasons for not fulfilling his appointments to Mr. Brainerd's
congregation, and Neshaminy, as ordered in the year 1766, are sustained.
Mr. Kennedy did not fulfil his appointment in going to Albany, on the ac-
count of sickness in his family, and other reasons satisfiictory to the Synod.
Mr. Slemmons, who went home last year without obtaining leave, is ex-
cused.
Mr. Rodgers complied with his appointment to Albany.
The Presbytery of New York fulfilled their appointment in supplying the
New York congregation in ]Mr. Rodgers' absence.
The only members of Suffolk Presbytery that could safely go to New York,
agreed to supply there ; but some of them were disappointed.
All the appointments to the southward were complied with, except by Mr.
Anderson, who is not present; and by Mr. Bay, who, not being here, it is not
known whether he complied or not.
All the members appointed to supply Philadelphia second congregation com-
plied, except Mr. Roe, Mr. Miller, Mr. Montgomery, Mr. Chesnutt, whose
reasons for not complying are sustained.
The Donegall Presbytery book not being sent, on the account of Mr. Blair's
removal, the committee did not review it.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three 6'doch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjcmrnment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Dr. Alison is now come, and his elder, Charles Thomson. The Doctor's
reasons for non-attendance sooner, sustained.
Mr. Bay is now come, and his reasons for not attending sooner, are sustained.
The committee appointed to dispose of the interest of the money in the
hands of the treasurer of the College of New Jersey, for the support of poor
and pious youth at said college, report, that there will remain on hands, of the
interest of the fund aforesaid, not disposed of, against the first of October next,
the sum of fifty two pounds proclamation money of New Jersey. And the
380 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768.
Synod appoint as a committee for disposing of said money for the present year,
the Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Guild, Brainerd, Kirkpatrick, Ewing,
Blair, Caldwell, and Reed, to meet for that purpose at Princeton, on the third
AVodnesday of August next.
Mr. Brainerd is now come, and the reasons of his not coming sooner, sus-
tained.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
20t7i day, nine, o'clock. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui mpra.
The Rev. Mr. James Finley is now come, and his elder, Mr. Robert Macky.
Mr. Finley is excused for not attending sooner.
The Synod proceeded to consider the aifair of the Indian school under the
inspection of the Rev. Mr. Brainerd ; and it appears from Mr. Brainerd's re-
port, that there is still a school existing among the Indians under his care ;
and the Synod do agree to continue to support said school, and do appoint the
usual salary of thirty pounds to be paid to Mr. Brainerd for the ensuing year ;
and do order the clerk of the Synod to give an order for that sum on the
Synodical treasurer. It is further agreed to allow Mr. Brainerd the sum of
twenty pounds as an addition to his salary, for his extensive services and
labour in those uncultivated parts ', and that the clerk also give an order to Mr.
Brainerd on the Synodical treasurer for this purpose.
The Synod do also order Mr. Brainerd to receive for the current year the
sum of eighteen pounds, being the interest of the money in the hands of the
treasurer of New Jersey College, appointed to support an Indian mission.
Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper report, that they did not execute their mission
among the Indians on the Muskingum, and other parts, as ordered at last
Synod, by reason of the discouraging accounts brought in by the interpreter,
Joseph, sent out as mentioned in our last year's minutes, and other discour-
aging circumstances. And as it appears that Mr. Brainerd had occasion to be
at the expense of sending an Indian to prepare the way for his intended mis-
sion, therefore the Synod do agree to pay the sum of five pounds to discharge
said expense. Ordered, that the Synodical treasurer pay said sum.
The Synod taking under consideration the deplorable condition of the Indian
tribes, the natives of this land, who sit in heathenish darkness, and are perish-
ing for lack of knowledge, do appoint the following persons to be a committee
to draw up and concert a general plan, to be laid before this Synod at their next
meeting, to be approved by them in order to prepare the way to propagate the
gospel among these benighted people, viz. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Read, Treat,
Ewing, William Tennent, Rogers, Brainerd, McWhorter, Caldwell, Dr. Wil-
liamson, Charles Thomson, and the moderator, to meet at Elizabethtown, the
first Wednesday of October next.
The Synod proceeded to consider how far each Presbytery had complied with
the order of last Synod, in respect of the plan laid by some lay elders some
time ago and adopted by this Synod; and a satisfactory account not being
given, the Synod do appoint that each Presbytery do order one of their mem-
bers to bring in a particular account in writing how far each congregation in
their bounds have complied with said regulations, against the next Synod.
Adjourned to three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^ clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The members of this Synod, appointed to meet the convention at New Ha-
ven last year, report, that many of them did meet according to order, and the
1768.] NEW YOEK AND PHILADELPHIA. 38 i
plan laid before the Synod last year was accepted ; and that they have ap-
pointed another convention the first Wednesday of October, at Elizabethtown,
and the following gentlemen are now appointed by this Synod to be delegates
from this body to meet at said convention, viz. Messrs. Case, Kent, Lewis,
Mills, Rodgers, Jones, Jacob Green, Caldwell, William Tennent, Kirkpatrick,
Blair, Spencer, Robert Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Dufiield, Hunt, Richard
Treat, Hunter, Ewing, Joseph Treat, Dr. Alison, Mead, Close, Brainerd, Alison,
Finley, James Kerr, and Cooper.
The Synod do order Dr. Alison to write to the General Association of the
Consoeiated Churches in Connecticut, to appoint one of their members to open
the convention with a sermon at Elizabethtown. And the Synod order, that
the minutes of sajd convention be laid before this body every year.
Mr. Thompson has obtained leave to go home.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21st day, at nine o'clock, A. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Voorhees, who is gone home without leave.)
Mr. Huston is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained.
A question was proposed by a member of the Synod, which is, whether the
committee of overtures are to be considered as agents and counsels, or shall
they be considered as judges ? The consideration of which is deferred to nest
Synod.
A proposal was brought in desiring the Synod to fall upon some general plan
to prevent irregularities in respect of marriage, and it is recommended to every
member of this Synod carefully to consider the said affair, and be ready to
deliver their sentiments on the subject next Synod.
An address from several gentlemen who call themselves members of Donegall
Presbytery, was brought in and read ; the consideration of which is deferred
till Monday afternoon.
Adjourned to ten o'clock on Monday next, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
23cZ day, ten o^clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of an address of a number of gentlemen who call them-
selves the Presbytery of Donegall, deferred till the afternoon.
Some members made a motion that the afiiiir of Mr. Tennent's request be
reconsidered, which was agreed to, but deferred till next sederunt.
New Castle Presbytery book is now brought in, and Mr. Jones and Mr.
Richards are appointed a committee to examine it.
The committee appointed to meet with the corporation for the relief of poor
and distressed Presbyterian ministers, and of their widows and children, &c.
report, that they waited on said corporation and proposed the following que-
ries, viz :
1st. What power the committee of the Synod have in the distribution of
some money raised by virtue of an act of the General Assembly of the Church
of Scotland, and by them put into the hands of the corporation aforesaid ?
2d, What was the total sum put into the hands of said corporation by the
General Assembly aforesaid, to be disposed of in conjunction with the com-
mittee of the Synod ?
3d. What part of said money the corporation have allotted for the committee
to have any concern with ?
4th. Whether there is any of said money to be disposed of this year for the
882 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768.
purposes mentioned in the act of the General Assembly of the Church of
Scotland ?
To which queries the committee further report, that they have received the
following answer from the corporation aforesaid, viz :
'■'■ At a meeting of the corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Pres-
byterian ministers, and of their widows and children, held at the second Pres-
byterian church in Philadelphia, May the 2Tth, 1767. There is inserted in
their minutes the following resolution :
"The answer to the questions proposed by the committee of the Synod came
under consideration,
" In answer, the corporation declare that it is the sense of this board, that
though a corporate body may not in the management of tkeir affairs, legally
associate with persons not in membership; yet in regard to the limitation of
the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, we judge it incumbent on us
to consult with the committee, and mutually to propose and to agree with one
another in the uses to which the money is to be applied ; provided always, that
if the Synod do not appoint a committee, or if that committee do not attend
the corporation, it shall not be hindered to proceed to do business.
May the l^tli, 17G7.
" At a meeting of the corporation at the first Presbyterian church in this
city, it was determmed,
" That the interest of seven hundred pounds sterling is to be disposed of
yearly for the time to come, if there be occasion for it, with the advice and con-
sent of the Synod's committee.
" Ordered, That the secretary give a copy of this our answer to the questions
proposed by the committee.
" A true copy, by Francis Alison, Secretary."
The further consideration of this affair deferred.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^cloch, P. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post 2>reces
sederunt qui supi-a.
The consideration of the request of several gentlemen who call themselves
the Presbytery of Donegall was resumed, and after much conversation and rea-
soning ois the head, it was agreed to defer it till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2Ath day, nine of the o'c/ork, A. M. the Synod met according to adjourn-
ment. Post jii'cces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Mrs. Tennent further deferred.
The Synod resumed the consideration of the report of their committee ap-
pointed last year to examine the state of the accounts of some money put into
the hands of the corporation, for the relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian
ministers, &c. by the General Assembly of the church of Scotland, to be dis-
posed of by said corporation in conjunctien with a committee of the Synod,
and do approve of the above queries put to said corporation by their commit-
tee; but judge that the answers given by the corporaticm are not fully satis-
factory in these following points, viz : That the total sum of the money col-
lected by the Church of Scotland is not specified, and secondly, that no
account is given how this money has been disposed of since it came into their
hands; and also, that the corporation seem to insinuate that they have a power
to dispose of said money if the committee of the Synod neglect or otherwise
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 383
do not attend them ; and therefore do appoint the following gentlemen a com-
mittee to attend upon said corporation this year, to transact all affairs relative
to said money, viz : Messrs. Spencer, McWhorter, Ramsey, Kirkpatrick, and
Montgomery, three of whom are to be a quorum.
The Synod resumed the consideration of the request of the gentlemen who
call themselves the Donegall Presbytery, and after much reasoning on the sub-
ject the further consideration of it is deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Philip Wynkoop, Mr. Richard Treat's elder, having gone home on
Saturday, and not being able to return, Mr. Thomas Bourne, another elder of
the same congregation, is permitted to take his place.
Messrs. Hugh Huston and Samuel Culbertson are gone home without leave.
The request of the gentlemen who call themselves the Presbytery of Done-
gall, was resumed, and after much time spent in hearing all that was said upon
the subject, it was voted whether their request should be granted or not, and
it was carried in the negative by a great majority. There being nothing in
their petition but what was requested by them last year and then denied, and
there now appearing no new light upon the subject, the Synod judge that the
door is still open for them to return in a regular manner by becoming members
of the Presbytery of Donegall, and as such taking their seats in this house,
which if they will do, the Synod hereby declare that they are still willing to
receive them, and upon their becoming members, to hear all complaints and as
far as in their power to redress all grievances, and to attend to all proposals
that may be made to heal differences and promote the Mediator's kingdom,
and then to new model Presbyteries if it should be judged necessary by this
Synod.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Ibth day, at nine o'clock, A. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Sparks, Mr. Chesnutt's elder, who is gone home without
leave.)
Mr. Fithian has leave to go home.
Mrs. Teunent's complaint came under consideration, which the Synod remit
to the Presbytery of Lewes, and at their particular request appoint the Rev.
Messrs. Spencer, Finley, McKennan, Enoch Green, and Ramsey, to meet
with said Presbytery as correspondents, and assist them in all their determina-
tions on said affair, to meet at Buckingham on the third Wednesday of Novem-
ber next.
Upon reading the minute of yesterday concerning the brethren who call
themselves the Presbytery of Donegall, Mr. Tate said, that he and his brethren
with him were not authorized to make any other proposals to the Synod beside
those mentioned in their petition, yet he believed that if the Synod would allow
the Rev. Messrs. Sampson Smith and Beard to join the Presbytery of New
Castle, Mr. Thomson that of Donegall, and the Rev. Messrs. Steel, Elder, and
McMordie, the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, it might heal the breach ;
in the mean time he desired liberty to join the second Presbytery of Philadel-
phia. The Rev. Mr. Lang being present, being asked whether he was willing
to be joined to the Presbytery of Donegall, answered, that he rather chose to
belong to the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, but if the Synod judged it the
884 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768.
best expedient for peace, and the rest of his dissatisfied brethren would come
into the general plan, he would consent. Therefore, after due deliberation the
Synod came to this conlusion, viz : That although they highly disapprove of
the conduct of these brethren since their departure from the Synod, yet for the
sake of peace they authorize the above mentioned Presbyteries to receive them
in the following manner, viz : the Rev. Messrs. Thompson and Lang into the
Presbytery of JJonegall, the llev. Messrs. Beard and S. Smith into the Presby-
tery of New Castle, and the llev. Messrs. Steel, Elder, Tate, and McMordio,
into the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, provided that they apply for admis-
sion the first convenient opportunity. But the Synod agree that this regulation
is not intended to subject these vacancies that now are or hereafter shall be in
the bounds of the Presbytery of Donegall to any other Presbytery, nor shall
they apply at any time to any other without express leave obtained from that
Presbytery, And it is further agreed, that if any of said brethren comply with
said regulations, they shall previously and expressly withdraw their declinature
entered at New York, 17G6, and without this they shall not be admitted as
members of this Synod or any of its Presbyteries.
Ordered, That the clerk give Mr. Tate a copy of this minute.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cloch, P. M. the Synod met according to adjoiirnnient. Post 2^rcccs
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Peppard had leave to go home, and Mr. John Whitehill, Mr. Robert
Smith's elder.
Mr. Strain brought in a protest against the above determination of the Synod
in these words, viz :
I enter my protest against the above written determination of Synod for the
following reasons.
1. Because 1 look upon said determination to be the erecting a monument of
the former division of this church.
2. I apprehend that the foresaid determination, aficcting the state of those
three Presbyteries, in the bounds of which the people have been most divided
formerly, will have nearly the same efiect in reviving and confirming the preju-
dices of the people, that a division of this Synod would have. Therefore,
3. I apprehend it will have a tendency greatly to obstruct the success of the
gospel of our dear Lord Jesus Christ.
4. The foresaid determination appears to me too much to approve the schis-
matical conduct of those gentlemen who declined, and so far as it does so, the
Synod adopts their schismatical practices and lies uuder the heavy guilt of the
same.
5. Although I am persuaded, that the Synod does in this act seek the peace
of the church, yet the act itself tends to make the true peace of the chvirch, and
in some lueasure the success of the gospel, a sacrifice to appease the wrath of a
few, and so it opens the door for unrestrained passion to demand from this body
whatever satisfaction it chooses.
And as I think the exoneration of conscience, a freedom from the Synod's
guilt in this affair, and bearing a testimony for the cause of Christ, are the
motives which excite me to my present conduct ; that these ends may be an-
swered I humbly pray this Synod to insert this my protest and reasons in their
minutes. Signed by
John Strain.
The dissent of the Rev. IMcssrs. Roan, Cooper, Slemmons, and Duffield, from
the same determination of Synod, was brought in and read in the following
words, viz :
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 385
To the Reverend Synod of New York and Philadelphia :
It is with much real concern and distress of mind we find ourselves obliged
to inform this body that we can by no means approve the determination of this
Synod disposing of a number of members formerly belonging to the Donegall
Presbytery, as expressed in said determination. Our reasons are,
1. The only reason ever offered by the gentlemen now new modelled, for any
'such step being taken, was bad temper and want of brotherly love, which tem-
per they prayed the Synod to indulge, and the Synod have in our opinion, con-
trary to the spirit of the Christian religion, granted them that indulgence.
2. The petition of those gentlemen for separation from their brethren of Do-
negall, did contain by necessary implication very heavy charges against their
brethren; and the Synod have, by allowing them separation, confirmed those
charges without ever allowing their brethren so charged, the privilege of a fair
hearing, but positively refusing it, though repeatedly and earnestly prayed for by
the brethren thus charged.
3. The Synod have for three several years insisted that these gentlemen should
return and sit with their brethren ; this they have loudly complained of and
represented the Synod's conduct as tyrannical, and on this entered a declina-
ture in the year 1766, and have adhered to it ever since. The Synod have, by
their present act, declared that charge to have been well founded, and have
therefore themselves proposed as the very foundation of having that declina-
ture withdrawn, their renunciation of that sentiment, and approached to an ex-
pedient proposed by some of those gentlemen.
4. Those gentlemen have been in the judgment of this Synod and in the face
of the world, most zealously engaged in spreading schism, rending congrega-
tions as far as in their power, and openly reproaching the Synod as arbitrary
and cruel ; all which conduct, we apprehend the Synod does patronize by this
determination of admitting them to membership without any proper acknow-
ledgment of their having acted wrong herein.
5. This determination, in our opinion, is a departing from and counteracting
the very spirit and design of the plan of union, as it is in a great part built on
the very footing of party, and instead of demolishing a Presbytery, which in
the judgment of many members of this house, ought not to be allowed an ex-
istence, it is increased and strengthened.
6. This determination is, in our opinion, formed also on the subversion of
discipline in the church, as it respects ministers, inasmuch as, according to this
determination, those gentlemen are as we apprehend covered over from being
called to account for any past mal-conduct, and brought into good standing
under the bare mention in the minute of sy nodical disapprobation for their
irregularity.
7. It is, in our opinion, setting a most pernicious precedent, as what has been
granted to them cannot consistently be refused to any others who may at any
time request it. But a request of disunion from their brethren thrice con-
demned by the Synod, and yet obstinately persisted in though never supported
by any one approved reason, has, in this determination, been granted them, and
consequently any other repeatedly denied and unsupported request must here-
after be granted also.
8. This determination manifestly erects a monument of division, in the body,
as a number of those brethren are not only granted separation from their breth-
ren of Donegall, but brought through another Presbytery and joined to a third
at the distance of more than one hundred miles from some of the members, to
the great abuse of much precious time which might be better employed in some
other service.
On the whole, the step taken by the Synod, however specious it may at first
view appear, is, in our opinion, subversive of good order, derogatory to this
49
386 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768
reverend body, prejudicial to the interests of religion, and evidently tending to
division, anarchy, and confusion, and as such we bear our open testimony against
it, and solemnly declare our dissent from it, and pray that this our dissent, and
the reasons of it, be entered in the records of this Synod.
John Eoan,
John Slejimons,
Robert Cooper,
George Duffield,
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26 day, at nine o'clock, A. M. Tlie Synod met according to adjournment.
Fo&t preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. McKinley, Mr. Rodgers' elder, who is gone home without
leave.)
The Synod proceeded to hear and consider a Latin letter to the Church of
Geneva, which was approved, and ordered to be transcribed, and signed by the
moderator.
A letter directed to the Synod of North Holland was also read and approved ;
and the Synod do appoint the following gentlemen to prepare letters to the fol-
lowing churches, viz. Mr. Rodgers, a letter to the Church of Holland; and
Mr. Ewing, to the Church of Geneva; Mr. Joseph Treat, to the Church of
Switzerland; the moderator to the Church of Scotland; Mr. Robert Smith, to
the Synod of seceding ministers in Scotland; Dr. Williamson, to the ministers
in and about London ; Dr. Alison, to the Synod of Ireland ; Mr. McWhorter,
to the Churches in South Carolina; and Mr. Kirkpatrick, to the ministers in
and about Dublin. And these letters are ordered to be prepared and ready to
be laid before the Synod early in their session nest year.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M., to meet at the second Presbyterian Church.
Concluded with prayer.
Second Preshyferian Church, three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met accord-
ing to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication was brought in from the honourable board of trustees of the
New Jersey College, praying assistance in supporting a Professor of Divinity
from the last year's collection, and was fully considered, and the Synod judge,
that they cannot give any part of the money collected last year towards the
support of a professor of Divinity in the said college, but do agree, and hereby
order, a general collection to be made for this purpose, in all our congregations ;
and that the money raised by this separate collection be applied particularly
by this Synod yearly, for this purpose, till expended; and in the mean time, in
order to assist in supporting a Professor of Divinity in said college, the Synod
do agree to give the present Professor the sum of fifty pounds out of the money
now in the hands of our treasurer, to be refunded next year.
Ordered, That Mr. Treat, our treasurer, pay this sum to the trustees of New
Jersey College. Mr. McWhorter obtained leave to go home.
A supplication from Sussex, on Delaware, for missionaries, was brought in
and read.
An application on the behalf of several distressed societies on the frontiers
of Pennsylvania, and the South Branch of Potomac, was made by a member,
for missionaries to be sent among them.
Application was also made by a member on the behalf of Great Egg Har-
bour, and parts adjacent, for missionaries to be sent among them.
17G8.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 387
Ordered, That Lewestown Presbytery appoint their candidates to supply
the Forest, in Sussex, on Delaware, eight Sabbaths, at the most convenient
places, for which the Synod order that their treasurer pay said candidates eight
pounds.
Application was made by a member on the behalf of the back parts of Balti-
more and Frederick counties, in Maryland, requesting a missionary to be sent
among them. The Synod order that the Presbytery of New Castle supply
said parts by some of their candidates, or members, four Sabbaths, for which
the Synod allow four pounds.
Ordered, That Mr. Boyd supply at Great Egg Harbour, and parts adjacent,
four Sabbaths, viz. the three last Sabbaths of October, and the first of Novem-
ber, for which, together with his expenses in going there, the Synod allow him
five pounds. Also, that Mr. Thomas Smith supply them three Sabbaths at
discretion, taking care to notify them in due time, for which the Synod allow
him three pounds.
Ordered, That ]\Ir. Roan supply at the South Branch of Potomac, three
Sabbaths at discretion, for which the Synod allow him four pounds ten shil-
lings.
Ordered, That Jlr. Halsey supply two Sabbaths in Sherman's Valley, and
one at Bullskin, at discretion, for which the Synod allow him three pounds.
Ordered, That Mr. Jackson supply four Sabbaths north of the Kittatinning
Hills, for which the Synod allow him four pounds ; and that Mr. Balch supply
four Sabbaths north of the Kittatinning Hills, for which the Synod allow him
four pounds.
Ordered, That Mr. Hunt supply the vacancies north of the city of Albany,
five Sabbaths, at discretion, for which he is allowed five pounds.
A call for Mr. McCreary, a candidate under the care of the New Castle Pres-
bytery from the inhabitants of Long Canes Settlement, in South Carolina, was
brought in and read ; as also a supplication to the Reverend Synod, requesting
their concurrence in presenting said call, and urging his acceptance thereof.
Also, another supplication from said place, requesting, (providing Mr. McCreary
should reject their call,) to grant them a stated supply for six months, of some
skilful minister. The Synod gave said call into the hands of Mr. McCreary,
requiring his answer to it, who replied, that he had not clearness at present to
determine either in favour or against the said call, and requested time to deli-
berate on it, which is granted, and the Synod recommend it to Mr. McCreary
to determine the matter as soon as conveniently he can, and give his answer to
New Caatle Presbytery, who are desired in case of his accepting the said call,
to ordain him as soon as they can.
A supplication from Cathey's Settlement, and Fourth Creek, North Caro-
lina, requesting supplies, especially by Mr. McCreary, was brought in and
read.
A supplication also from Coddle Creek for supplies, especially by Mr.
McCreary, was brought in and read.
A supplication also from the Three Creeks, and upper part of Catawba River,
for supplies, especially for Mr. Bay, was brought in and read; also, an appli-
cation by Mr. Bay, for supplies in behalf of Spotsylvania, in Virginia, Upper
Haw River, Deep River, Anson County, Bush River, Fair Forest, Indian Creek,
the forks of Tiger River, LTnion congregation, Bullock's Creek, Clark's Forest,
Bethel congregation, Fishing Creek, Hitchcock Creek, upon Pee Dee River,
Pine Tree Hill, and Stephen's Creek.
A supplication from Steel Creek and Providence, in Mecklenburg county.
North Carolina, for supplies, was brought in and read, especially for Mr.
Lewis, Mr. McCreary, or Mr. Potter, to continue some time with them in order
to settlement.
388 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768.
A supplication also from Timber Eidge, in Virginia, for supplies.
A memorial from Col. Alexander McNatt, in Nova Scotia, setting forth the
deplorable state of that new part of the Church, and earnestly requesting two
ordained ministers, to continue some time to ordain elders and organize the
churches.
Also an application by Mr. Jackson, on the behalf of several congregations
in Augusta county, Virginia, for supplie.s.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, eight o'clock, to meet at Market-street
meeting-house. Concluded with prayer.
27 day^ ei(jht o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have received Mr.
Joseph Tate, having withdrawn his declinature, and promising subjection to
the jurisdiction of this Synod, and he being present, took his seat.
A letter was read from the Rev. Mr. Sacket, praying that the Synod would
take under their consideration the unhajipy difference betwixt him and the
Presbytery of Dutchess county.
A supplication was also brought in and read from Bedford, in "West Ches-
ter county, praying that a committee of this Synod may be appointed to meet
at said place to settle all differences in the congregation, and after due delibe-
ration, the Synod do appoint the following gentlemen to be a committee of
this Synod to meet at Bedford the last Wednesday of August, to hear all affairs
relative to both the above petitions, and finally settle all differences, viz.
Messrs. John Bodgers, Caldwell, McWhorter, William Tennent, Lewis, Mills,
Close, Kerr, Reeve, Jones, Halt, and Joseph Treat.
A supplication was brought in and read from the Presbyterian Church in
the city of Albany, setting forth their distressed condition on the account of a
heavy debt contracted by building their church, praying assistance. The Synod
do sincerely pity their distressed condition, but find it is not in their power at
present to help them.
A petition was brought in by Messrs. Robert Knox and Anthony Pearson,
in behalf of themselves and fifty-one other persons, complaining of the second
Presbytery of Philadelphia, as Dr. Alison, Mr. Ewing, 3Ir. Patrick Alison,
they judge, are not competent judges in the affair of presenting a call to the
Rev. Patrick Alison, to the pastoral charge of the first IVesbyteriau Church in
this city, and was read, and fully considered, and the Synod judge that the
affair does not regularly come before this judicature, as there is now a sufficient
number of members to constitute a Presbytery, if these gentlemen, before men-
tioned, should be set aside as improper to judge in this affair.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Horton, Mr. Kerr, Mr. Kirkpatrick, Mr. Spencer, obtained leave to go
home.
Ordered, That the treasurer of the Synod pay to the janitor who attended
us last year, the sum of three pounds, and the same sum to the janitor for
this year.
Mr. Montgomery has leave to join the New Castle Presbytery, obtaining a
regular dismission from Lewes, but it is ordered he attend with the Lewes
Presbytery at Buckingham, the third Wednesday of November.
The Synod do appoint the Rev. Mr. Buy to pay a visit to the vacancies
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 389
above the city of Albany, for six Sabbaths, as soon as convenient, for which he
is to receive six pounds.
The Synod do appoint jMr. Jackson, a licensed candidate in the Presbytery
of New York, to take a journey to the southern provinces; and in order more
fully to answer the end of his mission, the Synod do recommend it to either
-the Presbyteries of Donegall or Hanover, to ordain the said Mr. Jackson as
soon as possible.
Mr. Halsey is also appointed to take a journey to the southern provinces,
Mr. Tate is appointed also to take a journey to the western parts of Virginia,
and to North Carolina, in the fall of this year, if the state of his congregation
will permit.
And the moderator and clerk are ordered to give the above gentlemen proper
credentials ; and also to Mr. Lewis, if he should think proper to go to North
Carolina next fall ; also to Mr. Bay.
The Synod can send no missionaries to Nova Scotia this year, but determine
to consider it next Synod.
Mr. Anderson is appointed to take a tour on the Western frontiers of this
Province, to set off as soon as possible, and preach in the vacancies on these
frontiers at least twelve Sabbaths, for which he is to receive twenty shillings for
every Sabbath that he preaches on the other side of the Kittatinning Moun-
tains, and to take his directions from the Donegall Presbytery.
Mr. McCreary is also appointed to preach over these mountains four Sab-
baths, at the directions of the Donegall Presbytery, for which he is to receive
four pounds.
The Synod order Jlr. Strain to supply the Second Presbytei-ian Church in
Philadelphia the first Sabbath of June ; Mr. Green, the second ; Mr. Eakin,
the third and fourth Sabbaths ; Mr. Carmichael, first Sabbath of July ; Mr,
Hunt, the third of July ; Mr. Chapman, the last of July and first of Au-
gust; Mr. Hunter, the second Sabbath; Mr. Richards, third and fourth of
August; Mr. Bay, first and second September; Mr. Carmichael, third Sep-
tember ; Mr. Robert Smith, fourth of September and first of October ; Mr,
Montgomery, second and third of October; Mr. Woodrufi", fourth and fifth of
October.
Ordered, That the moderator sign all letters to the foreign churches.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, 10 of the clock, A. M. to
meet at the Second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia.
Concluded with prayer.
1769.
Philadelphia, May 17 th, 1769
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment
at the second Presbyterian church in this city. Uhi post preces sederunt
From the Presbytery of Donegall : the Rev. George Duffield, John Strain
Robert Cooper, John Slemmons, John Craighead.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : the Rev John Miller, Matthew Wilson,
Of New Castle Presbytery : the Rev. Alexander McDowel, Robert Smith
William McKennan, John Montgomery, James Finley, John Carmichael.
Of first Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter,
John Brainerd, Benjamin Chesnutt, William Ramsey, John Clark, Enoch
Green.
Of second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr, Alison, John Simonton
John Ewing, James Latta, Patrick Alison.
890 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. Johu Blair, William Kirkpatrick,
John llosborough.
Of Suffolk Presbytery : the Rev. John Close.
Of New York Presbytery : the Rev. Azariah Horton, Dr. Rodgers, Aaron
Richards, Benjamin Hait, James Caldwell.
Elders : Messrs. Benjamin Blaith, Thomas Conary, Robert Macky, William
Brown, Maskel Ewing, Isaac Abraham, James Sterret, James Rolston, John
Brooks, William P. Smith, Christopher Hughs, John Maxwell, Az. McClane,
Dr. Williamson.
Absent of Hanover Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Blaith, Craig, Zancky,
Brown, Todd, McCadden, Rice, Patillo, Criswell, D. Caldwell, Cummins, Wad-
dle, Alexander, Leak.
Donegall Presbytery ; the Rev. Mr. Samuel Thomson, John Rowan, John
Hogg, James Plunt, James Lang.
Lewestown Presbytery : the Rev. Charles Tennent, John Harris, Alexander
Huston, James McCrakin, John Bacon.
New Castle Presbytery : the Rev. Elihu Spencer, Andrew Bay, John Mc-
Creary.
First Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. Charles Beatty, Nehemiah Green-
man.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. John Elder, John Steel, Robert
McMordie.
New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. Charles McKnight, James Read, John
Hannah, Samuel Kennedy, Jer. Halsey, James Lyon, Job Prudden.
Suffolk Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Prime, Buel, White, Brown, Barker,
Goldsmith, Talmage, Rose, Lewis, Mills, Potter, Occum.
The whole Presbytery of Dutchess County.
New York Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Jacob Green, John
Moffat, John Elmer, John Darby, Abner Reeve, Nathan Kerr, Benjamin
Woodruff, Azariah Roe, Francis Peppard, John 3Laltby, Hugh Knox, Simon
Horton, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph Treat, J. Chapman,
James Tuttle, Timothy Jones.
Mr. Johu IBlair, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon
from Rev. iii. 2, last clause.
Mr. Kirkpatrick was chosen moderator.
Mr. Caldwell and Mr. Patrick Alison were chosen clerks.
Mr. Halt's and Mr. Latta's reasons for being absent last year, sustained.
Donegall Presbytery report, that Mr. Samuel Thompson and Mr. James
Lang have joined them, according to the minutes of the last Synod.
Lewestown Presbytery report, they have ordained to the work of the gospel
ministry Mr. Johu Brown.
New Castle Presbytery report, the Rev. Mr. Adam Boyd was removed by
death, Nov. 20, 17(58. That they ordained to the work of the gospel ministry,
Mr. John McCreary, William Forster, and Mr. Joseph Smith, the two last of
whom being present took their seats with jNIr. James Htiston, Mr. Smith's
elder. And they further report, they have licensed to preach as candidates,
Mr. John Wocidhull, xMr. Josiah Lewis, Mr. Hezekiah Balch ; that Mr. Samp-
son Smith and Mr. John Baird had joined their Presbytery, according to the
minutes of the last Synod ; and that they have suspended from the exercise
of the gospel ministry, Mr. Sampson Smith, and that they h:ive received the
Rev. Daniel jNIcClclland as a member of their Presbytery, who being present
took his seat.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, they have ordained to the work
of the gospel ministry, Mr. Alexander Mitchell, and received the Rev. Mr.
James Sproat, late a member of the association of New Haven, in Connecticut
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 391
who being present took their seats with their elders, Mr. Kobert Patterson and
Mr. Gunning Bedford.
The second Philadelphia Presbytery report, that Mr. John Elder, Mr. John
Steel, and Mr. Robert McMordie, joined them, according to the minute of the
last Synod.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have received the Rev. Dr.
John Witherspoon, late member of the Presbytery of Paisley, in Scotland, who
being present took his seat. That the Rev. Mr. James McCrea was removed
by death the tenth day of this instant, and that they have licensed Mr. Jacob
Van Arsdalen to preach as a candidate.
New York Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the gospel ministry,
Mr. James Tuttle, and that Mr. Moses Tattle has withdrawn himself from our
jurisdiction.
By a minute laid before us, signed by the moderator of the Presbytery of
Hanover, we are informed that Mr. Thomas Jackson and Mr. Samuel Leak were
ordained by that Presbytery to the work of the gospel ministry. Mr. Jackson
being present took his seat.
The Synod appoint for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Mr. Cooper, Mr.
Wilson, Mr. Fiuley, Mr. Ramsey, Mr. Latta, Mr. Blair, Mr. Hait, Mr. Close,
and Mr. Jackson, with Mr. Maxwell, Mr. Sterret, and Maskel Ewing, elders,
to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and as often afterwards as busi-
ness may require.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
18/^ day, mne d'cloch, A. M., the Si/nod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
With the Rev. William Tennent, John Hogg, and Alexander McWhorter,
who gave sufficient reasons for not attending yesterday. Also, Dr. Burnet, Jo-
seph Cowen, and Hugh Whiteford, elders, are now present.
Mr. Miller and Mr. Brainerd are appointed a committee to examine the Pres-
bytery book of Donegall.
Mr. Wilson and Mr. Montgomery are appointed a committee to examine the
first Philadelphia Presbytery book.
Dr. Rodgers and Mr. McWhorter are appointed a committee to examine the
Presbytery book of New Brunswick.
Mr. Robert Smith and Mr. Duffield are appointed a committee to examine
the Presbytery book of New York.
The Presbytery books of Hanover, Lewestown, New Castle, the second Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia, Suffolk and Dutchess County, are not present.
Ordered, That those books be brought next Synod.
Mr. Tate is now come, and his reasons for not attending sooner are sustained.
The committee appointed last year to prepare a plan for propagating the gos-
pel among the Indians, report, that it appeared to them as yet inexpedient to
enter on that important work.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Mr. Brainerd,
and Mr. Ewing, be a committee to consult whether any plan can yet be de-
vised_ for the purpose aforesaid, and make report to the Synod next Tuesday
morning.
The Synod appoint for their commission for the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, Sproat, Blair, Lewis,
Mills, Azariah Hortnn, Jones, William Tennent, Reed, Hunter, Ewing, Spen-
cer, Roan, Robert Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Duffield, and Close, with the
moderator; with elders. Dr. Burnet, Dr. Williamson, Gunning Bedford, Wil-
liam P. Smith, and Muskel Ewing, thirteen of whom to be a quorum; but if
392 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769.
the moderator die or be absent, the first mentioned on the roll in the minute
shall have power to call the commission and preside.
Mr. Spencer is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained ; his
elder, Valentine Duchene, is also present.
Mr. Richard Treat is appointed treasurer for the Synod, and the several
Presbyterial treasurers are desired to give him in their accounts by Saturday
morning.
Mr. Jackson and Mr. Joseph Tate complied with the appointment of last
Synod to supply to the southward.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three dcloch, P. M. the Synod met auccording to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra. (With Mr. Steel.)
The committee appointed to meet at Bedford, report, they accordingly met
and their minutes being produced were read, and the Synod approve of what
they did except that part of their judgment which disunited Mr. Sackct from
the Presbytery of Dutchess and annexed him to the Presbytery of New York,
the propriety of which being debated, the question was put approve or not ?
which was carried in the negative by a great majority; and Mr. Sacket is there-
fore returned to the Presbytery of Dutchess county.
From Mr. Brainerd's report respecting the school under his inspection, which
the Synod agreed to support, we find it hath not been kept up more than half
the last year, for which we therefore allow him fifteen pounds, which is half of
■what was voted last year. But as he expects he shall be able to continue that
school the current year, having provided a master for that purpose, voted that
he be allowed thirty pounds for the support of it. .
Ordered also. That Mr. Brainerd shall receive for the current year the sum
of eighteen pounds, being the interest of the money in the hands of the trea-
surer of the college of New Jersey for the support of an Indian mission, and
that he also have twenty pounds from the Syuodical treasurer for the continu-
ance of his labours in the year past, in those desolate parts where he has been
usefully employed, and the Synod desire Mr. Brainerd to supply in these parts
as formerly.
The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. Greneral Convention at Elizabeth-
town last October, laid before the Synod the minutes of the convention agree-
able to a standing order for that purpose.
As the next general convention is to meet the fourteenth of September at
New Haven, the Synod appoint to attend on that occasion the following mem-
bers, viz : the Rev. JMessrs. John Strain, Richard Treat, James Sproat, John
Brainerd, Joseph Montgomery, John Craighead, Jacob Kerr, Elihu Spence,
John Ewing, Patrick Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, William Tennent, Dr. Rodgers,
Alexander McWhortcr, James Caldwell, John Close, Samuel Buel, Solomon
Mead, and Wheeler Case; Dr. Witherspoon is appointed to open the conven-
tion, or in case of his absence Dr. Rodgers.
Mr. Azariah Horton has leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
19 day, nine o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui suj^ra.
Mr. Carmichael, elder, has leave to go home.
The committee appointed to dispose of the interest of the money in the
hands of the treasurer of the New Jersey College, for support of poor and
pious youth in said college, laid their proceedings before us, and it appears
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 393
that they have disposed of twenty pounds for the purpose mentioned. There
■will be in the hands of the treasurer to be disbursed next October, sixty-two
pounds, and the Synod appoint as a committee for the present year to attend
at the New Jersey college the third Wednesday of August, and dispose of said
sum, the Rev. Messrs. l3r. Witherspoon, William Tenuent, Brainerd, Guild,
Ewing, Blair, Caldwell, Reed, and the moderator.
The order of Synod respecting a plan laid down by some lay elders at a for-
mer session and adopted by this Synod, came under consideration, and it appears
from the report of several Presbyteries, that only a few of them have en-
deavoured to execute this plan; the Synod renew their last year's order with
relation to so useful an overture, and earnestly recommend to all their Presby-
teries to use their utmost endeavours to secure the success of it before our
meeting in May next.
To the question concerning the business and power of the committee of over-
tures proposed last year, the Synod answer, that committee is intended to
introduce business into the Synod in an orderly manner, that they may give
advice concerning either the matter or manner of overtures brought to them,
but have not power to suppress any thing that comes regularly before them
from inferior judicatures according to our known rules, or such overtures and
petitions as inferior judicatures or particular persons desire to have laid before
this Synod.
A proposal was made last Synod and the consideration of it deferred to this,
that we should endeavour to agree upon some plan to prevent irregularities in
respect of marriage. And after some conversation on said proposal, agreed to
defer it to the next Synod, and it is expected every member will be prepared to
give his sentiments on said proposal at that time, stating what irregularities he
imagines prevail, and what method he would propose to prevent them.
From the representations that have been made to us concerning the situation
of Nova Scotia, we are of opinion that it is not expedient to appoint any mis-
sionaries to that province at this time.
A petition from the congregation of Little Britain was brought in and read,
requesting to be set off from the Donegall Presbytery and put under the care
of the New Castle Presbytery, which is more convenient to them. The Synod
grant their petition, but as there are some matters depending between Mr.
Hunt and said congregation now before the Donegall Presbytery, the Synod
order, that these be there judged and determined notwithstanding this regu-
lation.
Adjourned till three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three d clock, P. 31. the Sj/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Joseph Cowan, Mr. Horton's elder, has leave to go home.
A motion was introduced from the committee of overtures, that the Synod
should consider what they would do in case of persons who, breaking off from
their body, are not subject to the inspection of any Presbytery, and yet may
by their conduct bring a reproach on them, as being supposed to continue
still in connexion with them. It was particularly represented that Mr. Kin-
kaid is by many given out to be a Presbyterian minister, though his conduct
is no way cognizable by us. The Synod, after inquiring into the facts, find
that he had not only gone off of himself, but was publicly disowned by the
Presbytery of Philadelphia, and has never been a member of any Presbytery
of this Synod since the union of the Synods of New York and Philadelphia,
and therefore they are persuaded that this conduct cannot, by any candid per-
son, be considered as having any influence on them whether good or bad.
50
394 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769.
On this account they see no necessity of either inquiry or vindication as to
him, but recommend it to Presbyteries to be precise and accurate in making
the dates of the desertion or separation of any of their members, and to give
sentence definitely as to the continuance or dissolution of their relation.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
20ih day, nine o'clock^ tlie Synod met accordhvj to adjournment. Postprcces
sederunt qui svpra.
(With Mr. John Montgomery, Mr. Steel's elder.)
Mr. Maxwell, Mr. Montgomery's elder, has leave to go home.
Mr. Halsey is now come, and the reasons given by him for his not coming
jsooner are sustained.
Mr. McClelland has leave to go home.
Mr. Thomas McCrakin and Mr. John Creary are now come, and their
reasons for not coming sooner are sustained.
The committee of overtures have brought in an appeal of Mrs. Jane Ten-
nent, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Lewestown upon several com-
plaints prosecuted by her before them, against her husband the Rev. Mr. Charles
Tennent, but as the minutes of the Presbytery are not here, the Synod cannot
proceed to hear the appeal now, but order it to lie over till next year, when both
parties are recjuired to be ready for trial.
Mr. Robert Patterson has leave to go home.
Adjourned till Monday morning ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Monday, ten o^doch, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. IMr. James Long, together with his elder, Mr. William Alison, are
now come ; Mr. Long's absence from Synod till this time, excused.
The supplies ordered at our last session were fulfilled as follows, Mr. Boyd
complied with his appointment to Egg Harbour. Mr. Roan complied with his
to the branches of Potomac, and communicated in a letter to Mr. Dufllield, which
was read, a circumstantial account of the situation of that desolate country and
his itinerating there. The Synod agree to give Mr. Roan for his great labours
in that part eight pounds ten shillings, in addition to what they voted him last
year. Messrs. Halsey, Hezekiah James l^alch, and McCreary, have complied
with theirs ; in consideration of Mr. McCreary's great services on his mission
to the western frontiers of this province, the Synod vote him an additional
allowance of five pounds.
A paper signed by Alexander Miller, containing various matters of complaint
against the Presbytery of Hanover, who deposed him May 8d, 1765, was
brought in and read, he being present, which is as follows :
To the Rev. Synod of New York and Philadelphia :
Rev. Gentlemen — Be pleased to attend to the ca,se and redress the grievances
of a member injured by some members of Hanover Presbytery. The case is as
follows :
Mr. Rice brought an affidavit (in what manner proved I know not) to a cer-
tain meeting of Ilanover Presbytery, insinuating some reflections on my conduct
at a certain place.
Though the paper was formed extra-judicially, yet I was willing, and even
urged, for an appointment to be made to go and inquire into the rise and ground
of said report, which was granted and made. In consequence hereof I rode
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 395
four hundred miles to the phice, but found no Presbytery, and that Mr. Todd,
by his sole authority, prevented the same.
Sometime afterwards, and on the very day our Presbytery was judicially
appointed to meet at another place, at a very considerable distance, Mr. Todd
■with two other members went to this, (without judicial appointment) assumed
- the name and authority of Hanover Presbytery, and even ordained a man, re-
ceived charges against me, and judged me in my absence, and appointed the
time and place of the next meeting : but incapacitated and prevented by their
conduct the meeting of the Presbytery according to appointment.
At the time appointed for next meeting I attended, and, after reasoning on
their conduct, it was mutually agreed, on certain conditions, to nullify what was
past, and that the Presbytery be full at the trial.
I attended at the time and place, but that Presbytery having foiled in the
performing the conditions stipulated on their part, and finding them resolved to
proceed to judgment, contrary to their engagements, I gave in a declinature
and appealed to the Synod, and gave them the reasons, and left them.
After which, as appears by their minutes, they judged the validity of my
reasons of appeal, examined witnesses against me, formed, published, and or-
dered a libel to be publicly read against me, and assumed a power to depose
me from the ministerial office in my absence, and after I had appealed to the
Synod.
The next meeting of Presbytery I apj^lied to the moderator and clerk to have
a testimonial of my declinature, reasons of appeal, and a copy of their minutes,
but was refused.
This prevented me from applying to you in a way I thought orderly until
the third instant, I got a copy of some of their proceedings, of which I com-
plain of the following things, viz :
1. That the Presbytery did not meet to do me justice, according to appoint-
ment, Mr. Todd preventing the first, and many of the members not attending or
fulfilling their engagements at the last, and that they have acted presbyterially
without appointment.
2. That they received accusations, administered oaths to persons against me,
and condemned me in my absence, and made themselves judges and parties in
some cases.
3.^ That they judged my reasons of appeal, and appear to blame me for ap-
pealing. In this I complain they have acted contrary to the fifth article of the
plan of union.
4. That their minutes are dark and imperfect, containing, &c. &c. &c., in-
stead of facts and full history.
5. For saying that the evidences were of unblamable reputation when they
knew, or might have known, the contrary, by inspecting their oaths and various
representations they have given.
. 6. That they assumed a power not granted them by warrant from Christ, or
ceded to them in the plan of union.
These are some of my complaints, to which I can add many more, and will
make it apparent to impartial judges that they are not without foundation; and
if you please to do me justice and redress my grievances occasioned by these
men, it will very much redound to your credit in the world, the honour of this
judicatory, and oblige a sufferer.
(Signed by) Alex. Miller, M. A.
As also an attested copy of the Presbytery's minutes relating to his trial and
deposition.
After some time spent on this business the further examination of it is de-
ferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
396 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769.
Three o'doclc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post pre-
ces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of Mr. Miller's case resumed. Mr. Miller was asked,
whether he was a member of this Synod and subject to its authority and juris-
diction. He answered he was, and referred to the introduction of the paper he
laid before the Synod, signed with his name, which is in these words, " Be
pleased to attend to the case and redress the grievances of a member injured by
some members of Hanover Presbytery."
After Mr. Alexander Miller's complaint was heard, it was deferred till to-
morrow morning. Mr. Hart has leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
23c? day, at nine o'cIocJc. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of Mr. Alexander Miller's complaint resumed, and upon
full inquiry the Synod conclude, that as the Presbytery of Hanover are not
present, and it has not been made appear before us that they were cited to be
present, or informed that Mr. Alexander Miller intended to lodge a complaint
against them before the Synod, at this time, we cannot now enter u^jon the con-
sideration of the merits of the complaint, but order both the Presbyteiy and
Mr. Alexander Miller to attend our next Synod prepared for a full hearing,
and, in the mean time, on account of Mr. Miller's unjustifiable delay for some
years to enter his complaint before us, the irregularity of his proceedings dur-
ing that time, and the atrocious nature of the crimes laid to his charge, we do
hereby declare him suspended from the exercise of the ministerial office till his
complaint can be fully heard.
Mr. Alexander Miller was called in, and the above determination of the Sy-
nod read in his hearing, whereupon he gave in a paper, renouncing the authority
of the Synod. Upon which the Synod find, that as Mr. Miller was deposed by
the Presbytery of Hanover he declined the judgment of that Presbytery and
appealed to this Synod : and while we were taking measures to try and issue
his complaint, he, in the paper aforesaid, hath renounced our authority. The
Synod therefore declare be is not a member of this body, and forbid all their
Presbyteries and congregations to employ him.
An application from the Trustees of the College of New Jersey was brought
in and read, requesting the assistance of the Synod to raise money for the ne-
cessary support of the said College. The Synod looking upon this as a matter
of great importance, appoint Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Blair, and Mr. William P.
Smith, a committee to make a suitable representation of the state of the col-
lege to lay before this Synod, which we may recommend for the information of
our several congregations. And the Synod agree, that certain particular per-
sons be appointed to go through our bounds and use their utmost endeavours
to obtain subscriptions, in part, and after they have done all they can they shall
leave the several subscriptions opened by them with the most convenient minis-
ters, or other proper persons, to have them filled up where any thing more can
be done; and each Presbytery is enjoined to take care that every member be
active and diligent to forward and complet-e those subscriptions, of which they
are to give an account at our next Synod ; and the persons appointed to this
business, and the bounds assigned them, are as follows, viz :
Mr. Duffiold and Mr. R. Smith to York and Cumberland and parts of Lan-
caster county above the town ; Mr. Spencer and Mr. McDowell to Chester
county, and the lower parts of Lancaster county ; IVIr. Ramsey and i^L-. John
Miller to Kent, Sussex, and the Eastern Shore of Maryland; Mr. Montgomery
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 397
to New Castle county; Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Ewing, and Mr. Sproat to
Bucks county and Philadelphia ; Mr. Brainerd to Burlington, Gloucester, and
Cape May counties; Mr. Tennent, Mr. Read, and the moderator, to Middle-
sex, Monmouth, Hunterdon, Somerset and parts adjacent; Dr. Rodgers to
Essex, Morris, and Sussex counties, and Mr. McWhorter to the bounds of
- Dutchess Presbytery, provided there appears proper encouragement for an ap-
plication there; Mr. Blair and Mr. Kerr to Goshen, and parts adjacent; Mr.
Craig and Mr. Jackson to the upper parts of Virginia ; Mr. Waddle to the
lower parts of Virginia; Mr. Patrick Alison and Mr. Montgomery to the West-
ern Shore of Maryland ; Mr. Kirkpatrick to Charleston, South Carolina, and
such other places as may be expedient for him to apply to ; and we appoint to
supply his pulpit, New Brunswick Presbytery the month of December ; Mr.
Watt the month of January ; the Presbytery of New York the month of Febru-
ary; Mr. Latta the two first Sabbaths in March, and the first Philadelphia
Presbytery the rest of the month of March ; Mr. Close the two first Sabbaths
of April; Mr. Mills the third and fourth, and Mr. Lewis the fifth Sabbath of
April. ^ Dr. Witherspoon and Mr. Caldwell are appointed to go and endeavour
to obtain subscriptions for the college in the lower parts of Virginia, and their
respective Presbyteries are required to supply their pulpits in their absence,
and the Synod order, that the above-mentioned persons to make collections for
the college, do make report of their success to the trustees of said college at next
commencement, except those who are sent upon such distant missions that they
cannot finish them before that time.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. ^ The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Agreeable to a former resolution of this Synod to correspond with foreign
churches, the following letters were brought in by the gentlemen appointed for
that purpose, viz : one by Dr. Rodgers to the Synod of New Holland, another
by 3Ir. Ewing to the church of Geneva, another by Mr. Blair to the church of
Scotland, another by Mr. Wilson (who was appointed instead of Mr. Joseph
Treat) to the church of Switzerland, another by Mr. McWhorter to the
churches in South Carolina, another by Mr. Kirkpatrick to the churches in
and about Dublin, another by Mr. Robert Smith to the Synod of seceding min-
isters in Scotland.
Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Duffield, Mr. Halsey, and Mr. Montgomery, with
the aforesaid gentlemen who have made the drafts of those letters, are appointed
a committee for correction, that a fair draft of them may be laid before us to-
morrow.
Messrs. Mitchell and Foster have leave of absence.
A petition from the congregation of Allentown, in the forks of Delaware, to
be taken from under the care of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, and to be
put under the care of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, was brought in and
read. After the committee on behalf of the congregation and both Presbyte-
ries concerned were heard, it appeared not expedient for the present to grant
the prayer of the petition. But the Synod order the first Presbytery of Phila-
delphia to inquire more particularly into the state and connection of that con-
gregation, and empower said Presbytery to set them ofi" to the Presbytery of
New Brunswick if it should appear expedient; or if it should appear more ex-
pedient to set off the congregation of Greenwich to the first Presbytery of Phil-
adelphia, the Presbytery of New Brunswick are empowered to set them off.
Mr. Conary and Mr. Maskell Ewing have leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
398 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769.
24ith dm/, nine o'clock. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery book of Donegall was revised and approved, except their
meddling with matters of divorce
The first Philadelphia Presbytery book was revised and approved.
The Presbytery book of New York was revised and approved.
The committee appointed to prepare a representation of the college, brought
it in, which, after it was read, amended, and approved, was committed to Dr.
Witherspoou, to take care that five hundred copies be printed for the use of the
Synod.
At the request of Seceding ministers, Dr. Witherspoon moved to have a com-
mittee appointed to converse with them, with a view to bring about an union
betwixt them and this Synod.
Also a petition from several inhabitants about Marsh Creek was brought in,
praying this Synod would use their endeavours to form an union with the
Seceders, upon which ordered, that Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Mr. Blair,
Mr. William Tennent, Mr. McDowell, Mr. Robert Smith, Mr. McWhorter, and
Mr. Caldwell, three of whom to be a quorum, be a committee for said purpose,
and that Dr. Witherspoon be empowered to call the committee at such time
and place as may be convenient, and that they have power to adjourn themselves
from time to time.
A petition was introduced requesting supplies for Great Egg Harbour, to
which place Mr. Clark is appointed the two first Sabbaths of July, and as
much longer as he can, and Mr. Van Arsdalen the month of September, and as
much longer as he can.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The congregation of Chesnut Level, formerly under the care of the Done-
gall Presbytery, are, at their own request, put under the care of the New Cas-
tle Presbytery.
The committee of the Synod appointed to attend the corporation for the re-
lief of poor Presbyterian ministers, etc. to dispose of a certain sum of money
in the hands of that corporation, which was raised in Scotland, and to be laid
out by the corporation, in conjunction with the Synod's committee, laid a re-
gular account of their proceedings before the Synod, which was approved.
The Synod agree to continue the same committee the present year.
The New Brunswick Presbytery book was received and approved, except the
recording some letters wrote to a distant member.
Mr. Amos Tliompson, a minister of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, liv-
ing in Virginia, is joined to the Presbytery of Donegall.
The Synod taking into tbeir serious consideration the prevalence of irreli-
gion and immorality, the lamentable decay of vital piety, and the threatening
aspect of our public affairs, appoint the last Thursday of June to be observed
as a day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer. Should this day be found incon-
venient for any of our ministers, they are allowed to fix on any other day that
may suit them better.
As 3Ir. Oliver Demming, a licensed candidate from an association in Con-
necticut, and inclining to supply some time in our vacancies, projjoses taking
a ride to Connecticut, where he informs us it is probable he may stay till he
receives ordination, the Synod order should he return ordained, or recom-
mended by any association in that colony, and prosecuting his intention of
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 399
visiting the Carolinas, that Mr. Caldwell, one of our clerks, furnish him with
properly authenticated testimonials as a missionary from the Synod. Or should
Mr. Demming choose to put himself under the care of one of our Presbyteries
for ordination, such Presbytery finding him qualified upon trial, are hereby au-
thorized to ordain him, pi-ovided he undertakes this mission.
Mr. Caldwell had leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
25i/i day, nine d'docJc, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod order their treasurer to pay the sexton of the second Presbyte-
rian church in this city three pounds, for his attendance during the present
session.
The Synod vote the Rev. Mr. John Blair moderator, fro temjxj7-e, in order
to his signing a certificate for the present moderator, who is appointed on a
mission to Charleston. This being done the former moderator resumed the
chair.
The persons appointed to write to the several churches, as mentioned in a
former minute, brought in letters which were read, approved, and some of them
signed by the moderator, who is authorized to sign the others before he leaves
town, they yet being not fairly transcribed. Dr. Eodgers is appointed to trans-
mit the letters to the churches of Holland, Geneva, and Switzerland; and Dr.
Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, and the moderator, to transmit the rest.
The Synod agree to give the honourable board of trustees of the New Jersey
College, towards supporting a Professor of Divinity in that institution, sixty
pounds for the last year, and sixty pounds for the current year, out of the
collections made in our congregations for this purpose, agreeable to an order
of last session. The fifty pounds lent that honourable board last year is
refunded.
The Synod proceeded to the consideration of supplies, but deferred making
any appointments till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
TJiree o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederiint qui supra.
The consideration of supplies was resumed, and the following appointments
made for the present year.
The Rev. Messrs. John Harris, John Clark, Jeremiah Halsey, James Latta,
Jonathan Elmore, Thomas Lewis, and Josiah Lewis, a licensed candidate, are
appointed to supply in the vacancies of Virginia, North Carolina, and those
parts of South Carolina under our care, to set oif as soon, and spend as much
time among them as they conveniently can on this important mission.
Mr. Hezekiah James Balch, a licensed candidate under the care of Donegal!
Presbytery, is appointed on the same mission, and the Presbytery to which he
belongs are authorized to ordain him, if upon trial he acquits himself accord-
ing to their satisfaction, and accepts a call from Carolina.
Ordered, That our stated clerk give these missionaries proper testimonials.
Mr. James Anderson, a licensed candidate, is appointed to supply at discre-
tion in N. Virginia.
As it is probable that ministers, or licensed candidates from New England,
or other parts, may ofier themselves to undertake a southern mission, the Synod
hereby appoint, should any such offer, the Rev. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Treat,
400 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1770.
Ewing, and Sproat, to be a committee to examine their testimonials, and upon
obtaining sufficient satisfaction respecting their character and qualifications, to
furnish them with proper certificates as missionaries from the Synod to the
southward.
The Synod agree to pay those missionaries who supply in poor congregations,
thirty shillings each Sabbath they preach.
Ordered, That the New York Presbytery supply the poor vacancies on the
frontiers of New Jersey and New York, ten Sabbaths; that Donegall Presby-
tery supply the western frontier of this province, ten Sabbaths ; that Mr. Car-
michacl supply four Sabbaths on the South Branch of Potomac, and parts ad-
jacent, and Mr. Long three.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May, ten of the clock, A. M., to meet
at the first Presbyterian Church in New York. Concluded with prayer.
1770.
New York, May \%th, 1770.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt
From the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Richard Treat, Benjamin
Chesnutt, James Sproat, Charles Beatty, John Clark.
From the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. John Ewing, Patrick
Alison.
From the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Joseph Montgomery.
From the Presbytery of Lewestown : The Rev. John Bacon.
From the Presbytery of Donegall : The Rev. Robert Cooper.
From the Presbytery of Hanover : The Rev. Joseph Alexander.
From the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Israel Reed, Jeremiah
Halsey, William Tennent.
From the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. John Blair, Dr. Rodgers,
Azariah Horton, Benjamin Hait, Benjamin Woodruif, Alexander McWhorter,
Joseph Treat, Aaron Richards, Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, Abner Brush, James
Caldwell.
From the Presbytery of SuflPolk : The Rev. William Mills, John Close, Elam
Potter.
Elders : Messrs. John McCalley, Garrett Noel, Samuel Allen, Peter V. B.
Livingston, James Manning, Robert Ogden, Elias Bailey, Aaron Mattison.
Absent : Of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Andrew Hun-
ter, William Ramsey, Enoch Green, Nehemiah Greenman, John Brainerd, Alex-
ander Mitchell, John Griffiths.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. John Steel, John Elder,
Joseph Tate, John Simonton, Robert McMordie, James Latta.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Alexander McDowell, James Finley,
William McKennan, Robert Smith, John Beard, John Carmichael, William
Forster, Andrew Bay, John McCreary, Joseph Smith, Elihu Spencer.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. John Miller, Matthew Wilson, Jacob
Kerr, Alexander Huston, John Harris, Thomas McCracken.
Of Donegall Presbytery : The Rev. Samuel Thompson, John Roan, George
Dufficld, John Hogg, John Strain, Amos Thompson, John Slemmons, John
Craighead, James Long, James Hunt.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. John Todd, James Waddel, David Rice,
Richard Zanchy, James Black, John Brown, Charles Cummings, Craig,
Thomas Jackson, Henry Patillo, Thomas McCadden, James Crisswell, David
Caldwell, Samuel Leak.
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 401
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, Charles
McKnight, John Guild, John Hanna, Thomas Smith, John Rosborough,
James Lyon, Job Prudden.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. John Pierson, Simon Horton, Joha
Moffat, John Darby, Timothy Jones, Jonathan Elmer, Hugh Knox, Jedediah
Chapman, Jacob Green, James Tuttle, Thomas Lewds, Francis Peppard.
Of Dutchess Presbytery : The Rev. John Smith, Chauncey Graham, Wheeler
Case, Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Elihu Kent, Solomon Mead, Samuel Dun-
lop, and Joseph Peck.
Of Suffolk Presbytery : The Rev. Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, Samuel
Buel, James Brown, Nehemiah Barker, Benjamin Talmage, Samson Occum,
David Rose, Benjamin Goldsmith.
By reason of the death of Mr. Kirkpatrick, our last year's moderator, the
Synod was opened by Mr. Johil Blair, who was moderator the year before, with
a sermon from 2 Cor. iv. 2.
The Rev. Mr. Alexander McWhorter was chosen moderator, and Messrs.
Joseph Treat and Jeremiah Halsey clerks.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
17^^ day, nine o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Dr. Alison and Samuel Kennedy are now come, and their reasons
for not attending yesterday were sustained. Mr. William Arman, Mr. Ken-
nedy's elder, is also come.
The reasons which were given by the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Alexander, John
Bacon, Charles Beatty, Israel Reed, Samuel Kennedy, Nathan Kerr, Benjamin
Woodruff, Azel Roe, Abner Brush, Joseph Treat, and William Mills, for their
absence from the last session of the Synod, were sustained.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, since our last Synod they have
ordained to the work of the gospel ministry Mr. James Boyd and Mr. James
Watt. Mr. Boyd being present took his seat.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, they have ordained Mr. Samuel
Eakin.
New Castle Presbytery report, they have licensed to preach as candidates
Messrs. James Wilson and Daniel Jones ; and Mr. Daniel McCleland was dis-
missed from them to go into New England.
Lewestown Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach as a candi-
date Mr. William Mackey Tennent ; and have suspended from the work of the
gospel ministry Mr. Charles Tennent.
The Presbytery of Donegall report, they have ordained Messrs. Hezekiah
James Balch and John King ; and have licensed to preach as a candidate Mr.
Hugh Vance.
Hanover Presbytery report, they have ordained Mr. Hezekiah Balch.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. William Kirkpatrick
was removed by death September 8, 1769.
New York Presbytery report, they have ordained Mr. William Woodhull ;
and that Mr. Abner Reeve has withdrawn himself from their Presbytery, and
declared himself an Independent; and that Mr. John Maltby is dismissed to
join the Presbytery of South Carolina; and that they have received Mr. A.
Lewis, a candidate from the Association of New Haven in Connecticut.
The Synod appoint for a committee of overtures the Rev. Messrs. Sproat,
Beatty, Patrick Alison, Montgomery, Bacon, Alexander, Kennedy, Cooper,
Richards, Roe, and Mills; with elders, Messrs. Allen and Mattison, to meet
51
402 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1770.
to-morrow morning here, at six o'clock, and afterwards as business may re-
quire.
Mr. Thomas Smith is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, and
also for his absence from the last Synod, sustained; his elder is Mr. Lucas
Covenhoven.
Dr. Rodgers and Mr. Blair are appointed a committee to examine the second
Philadelphia Presbytery book.
Messrs. Ewing and Patrick Alison, are appointed a committee to examine
the New Brunswick Presbytery book.
The Presbytery books of Hanover, Lewestown, Donegall, New Castle, first
Philadelphia, New York, Suffolk, and Dutchess, are not present.
Ordered, That these Presbyteries take care that their books be brought in
next Synod.
The commission of the Synod for the last year report, that they have met
and will lay their minutes before the Synod as soon as the Synod shall call for
them.
The Synod appoint for a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Messrs.
Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, John Ewing, Dr. Witherspoon, James Sproat,
John Blair, Thomas Lewis, William Mills, Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones,
William Tennent, Israel Reed, Andrew Hunter, John Roan, Robert Smith,
John Miller, Joseph Montgomery, George Duffield, Wheeler Case, and Charles
Beatty, with the moderator; with elders, Messrs. Robert Ogden, Peter V.
B. Livingston, Samuel Allen, and Aaron Mattison, thirteen of whom to
be a quorum ; but if the moderator should die or be absent, the first men-
tioned on the roll in the minute shall have power to call the commission and
preside.
Dr. Witherspoon is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner sus-
tained.
The Synod agrees to enter on the consideration of supplying the distant
vacancies, to-morrow in the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The treasurer for the Synod is continued, and he is ordered at some conve-
nient time to lay before the present Synod his accounts for the last year.
The order of Synod respecting the execution of the plan laid by some lay-
elders, at the session in ITGO, and adopted by the Synod, came again under
consideration; and it appears from the reports of the several Presbyteries, that
some of them have been considerably successful in endeavouring to carry the
said plan into execution, and others have been deficient in their endeavours to
execute the same. The Synod orders, that the several I'resbyteries take care
once every year to make a particular inquiry of their members respecting the
execution of every article contained in this so useful a plan, and make report
to the next Synod of the same.
The proposal that was made to the Synod of 1766, that we should endea-
vour to agree upon some plan to prevent irregularities that occur in marriage,
which was deferred to this session, came under consideration. The members
according to an order gave their sentiments on this subject, and Messrs. Blair
and Halsey are appointed to bring in a minute respecting this affair at our next
sederunt.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 403
ISth day, nine o'docJc, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Woodhull and Spencer are now come, and their reasons for not
coming sooner are sustained.
Dr. Williamson, Mr. Ewing's elder, and Dr. Boyd, Mr. Alison's elder, are
also come.
The committee appointed to prepare a minute respecting the irregularities
that occur in marriages, brought in the same, which being read and maturely
examined, it appears that the difficulties that will probably attend the execution
of any general plan for the prevention of said irregularities, were so great and
numerous that they may be expected to render it abortive; it was therefore con-
cluded by a great majority to dismiss the whole affiur.
Mr. McKnight is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, and also for
his absence from the last Synod sustained.
The commission of the Synod for the last year reported that they had met,
and they laid before the Synod the minutes of their proceedings; after the
reading of said minutes, Mr. Montgomery, one of the members of the com-
mission who dissented from their first judgment, prayed leave to bring in his
complaint against said judgment, whicli, after mature consideration, was carried
in the negative.
Messrs. Tennent's and Read's reasons for not attending the commission, sus-
tained.
Adjourned to three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That Mr. Treat, the treasurer of the Synod, pay Mr. Montgomery
twenty shillings for copying the minutes of the commission of Synod, which
met in Philadelphia.
The treasurer is ordered to pay the expenses for bringing the Synod's book
from Woodbridge to New York.
The Synod entered on the consideration of supplies for the distant va-
cancies in the Carolinas and Georgia. Inquiry was made whether the las:t
year's appointments of supplies for the southern colonies were fulfilled, and
it appears that Mr. Josiah Lewis had complied with said appointment, but
that none of the others had complied with the same. The reasons of Messrs.
Clark and Halsey, (who were the only members of those appointed last year
that were present,) for not complying with the said appointments were sus-
tained.
A supplication was brought in from Long Cane, in South Carolina, that Mr.
Josiah Lewis, or some other, may be appointed to supply them a twelve-month,
in order to a settlement among them.
A call for Mr. Josiah Lewis from Centre congregation and Hopewell, in
North Carolina, was brought in and read.
A supplication for supplies from Hitchcock and Cartridge Creeks, in Anson
county, North Carolina, was also brought in and read.
A supplication from Briery Biver, in Virginia, for supplies, was also read,
A supplication from Carthy's Settlement and Fourth Greek, in North Caro-
lina, was also read.
A supplication to the Synod for stated supplies from Briar Creek, in G-eor-
gia, was read.
Mr. Josiah Lewis, a licensed candidate, of New Castle Presbytery, is ap-
pointed to supply at Long Cane settlements six months; three months at
404 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1770.
Briar Creek, iu Georgia ; aud three months at discretion in North and South
Carolina; and the Presbytery of New Castle is ordered to ordain him, if the
way is clear, as soon as convenient.
Mr. Azel Roe is appointed to itinerate in Virginia and the Carolinas ; to
preach the gospel, ordain elders, and administer the sacraments of baptism,
and the Lord's Supper; and the Presbytery of New York is ordered to supply
his pulpit during his absence.
Mr. John Close is also appointed to itinerate in Virginia and the Carolinas,
for the same purposes, and the Synod order the Presbytery of Suffolk to sup-
ply his pulpit during his absence.
Mr. Manning, Mr. Roe's elder, has leave to go home.
Adjourned until nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
19t7i daT/, nine o'clock, A. 3f., the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post j^reces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Hunter, Mr. Blair's elder, is now come.
Mr. Chauncy Graham is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner
are sustained.
The Presbytery of Dutchess report, that they have ordained the Rev.
Messrs. Ichabod Lewis, and Samuel Mills, to the work of the gospel minis-
try since our last, and have dismissed the Rev. Mr. Joseph Peck from their
body.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of Dutchess call upon Mr. Bay, now residing
•within their bounds, to produce a regular dismission from New Castle Presby-
tery, and to join their Presbytery.
Ordered, That the call from Centre congregation and Hopewell, in North
Carolina, to Mr. Josiah Lewis, be put into the hands of Mr. Montgomery, in
order to be presented by New Castle Presbytery to 3Ir. Lewis.
Dr. Rodgers is desired by the Synod to write to the Rev. ]Mr. Prime, at
Huntingdon, giving him an account of the distressed state of the churches to
the southward, and pray him to supply the congregation as much as he can in
Mr. Close's absence.
Mr. Bay is now come ; his reasons for not coming sooner, and also for his
absence last year, sustained.
Mr. Robert Henry, Mr. Bay's elder, is also come.
Mr. McCreary is appointed to supply in the Carolinas for six months, to set
off as soon as possible ; aud it is recommended that he spend a considerable
part of his time at Carthy's Settlement, and Fourth Creek ; and the Presbytery
of New Castle is ordered to supply his pulpit during his absence.
And inasmuch as appointments in times pawt have been too frequently not
fulfilled according to expectation, it is enjoined on each of these gentlemen,
who are appointed to supply to the southward, that they fulfil said appoint-
ments on pain of the Synod's censure.
And if Mr. Josiah Lewis should not fulfil his appointment to Long Cane,
Messrs. Roe and Close are ordered to supply at Long Caue, each of them three
months.
Mr. Beatty is ordered to supply Mr. McCreary's pulpit two Sabbaths; Mr.
Chesnutt two; Mr. Hunter two; and Mr. Ramsey one Sabbath.
Mr. Thomas Smith is also appointed to supply Mr. Close's pulpit the first
and second Sabbaths in September.
Mr. William Tennent is also appointed to supply Mr. Roe's pulpit two
Sabbaths; Dr. Rodgers the first Sabbath in July ; aud Mr. Joseph Treat the
first Sabbath in August ; and Mr. Simon Horton three Sabbaths between thia
and our next Synod ; and Dr. Witherspoon the second Sabbath in August.
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 405
^ Mr. Patrick Alison is appointed to supply in Virginia and the Carolinas, if
circumstances admit, and to go out upon bis mission in the fall.
Mr. Nathaniel Niles, a candidate licensed by Berkshire association, in New
England, who proposes to put himself under the care of the New York Pres-
bytery, is appointed to spend the summer and fall seasons in the western
frontiers of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and the winter in the
Carolinas ; and he is ordered to keep an exact account of what moneys he re-
ceives from the several vacancies that he may supply in said western frontiers,
and if the said moneys should not amount to thirty shillings provincial currency,
per Sabbath, the Synod agree to make up the deficiency out of the moneys in
the hands of their treasurer.
Messrs. Elder, Tate, and Steel are appointed to supply between Augusta
Fort and Juniata, and places adjacent, each two Sabbaths before next Synod.
Mr. Covenhoven has leave to go home.
The moderator is ordered to furnish the members appointed to supply to the
southward the necessary credentials.
Adjourned to ten o'clock, on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 1\st. Ten o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia reported, that in compliance with an
order of Synod last year, they had, in conjunction with the Presbytery of New
Brunswick, inquired particularly into the state and connections of the congrega-
tion of Allentown, in the forks of Delaware, and it is the unanimous opinion
of both Presbyteries that it is at present most subservient to the interests of
religion in those parts, for the Presbytery of New Brunswick to take under
their care, not only the congregation of Allentown, but also the congregation
of Mount Bethel, both w^hich are in the forks of Delaware, and both which
have been under the care of the first Philadelphia Presbytery. The Synod
therefore order the Presbytery of New Brunswick to take both the said con-
gregations under their care for the future.
The consideration of supplies resumed.
Mr. Harris is ordered to supply at Hitchcock and Cartridge Creek, in An-
son county. North Carolina, three months ; in Virginia, and other parts of the
Carolinas, at discretion, as much as he conveniently can.
The consideration of the report of the Synod's commission deferred till three
o'clock in the afternoon.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Sacket is disunited from the Presbytery of Dutchess
county and annexed to the Presbytery of New York.
Mr. Ogden, Mr. Caldwell's elder, not being able to attend, Mr. Cornelius
Netfield takes his seat, who was chosen by the session in his place.
Doctor Alison, Messrs. Ewing, Sproat, Richard Treat, and Beatty, are ap-
pointed a committee to visit Mr.^Brainerd's school next fall, and Mr. Brainerd
is desired to meet the committee on the second Wednesday of June in Phila-
delphia, and are impowered to draw upon the treasurer for such moneys as they
shall judge the exigencies of the school shall require, and make report to our
next Synod.
^ It is ordered, that Mr. Brainerd receive for the ensuing year, the sum of
eighteen pounds, being the interest of the money in the hands of the treasurer
of the college of New Jersey for the support of the Indian mission, and that he
have also twenty pounds from the Synodical treasurer for the continuance of
his labours the ensuing year, in those desolate parts where he has been so use-
fully employed.
406 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1770.
Doctor Witlierspoon reports, that the committee appointed at our last Synod
to converse with the Seceders, in order to an union betwixt them and us, by
reason of several disappointments have not met. The Synod therefore appoint
Dr. Withcrspoon, Dr. llodgers, Messrs. Blair, Tennent, 11. Smith, McWhorter,
Caldwell, Mills, and Joseph Treat, three of whom to be a quorum, to be a
committee for the same purpose, to meet on the second Wednesday in
August at New York, and that they have power to adjourn themselves from
time to time.
The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. General Convention at New
Haven iu September last, laid before the Synod the minutes of the con-
vention.
As the next general convention is to meet at Elizabethtown, the first Wed-
nesday of October, at eleven o'clock, the Synod appoint to attend on that occa-
sion, the Rev. Messrs. Beatty, Sproat, Brainerd, Ewing, Montgomery, William
Foster, Bacon, Spencer, Miller, Duffield, King, William Tennent, Dr. Withcr-
spoon, Halt, Ilulsey, Jones, Horton, Dr. llodgers, Treat, McWhorter, Blair,
Caldwell, Graham, Lewis, Mills, and Tallmage.
Adjourned till three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31., the Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preccs
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. John Moore, Mr. Richard's elder, is now come.
The Synod proceeded to consider the report of the commission of the
Synod.
Mr. Ewing brought in a complaint against the judgment of the said com-
mission, which was in part debated, and the further consideration of it was
deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
22(i day, nine a* clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Woodhull is gone home.
Mr. Ewing's complaint against the judgment of the commission, resumed.
Mr. Ewing complains against the commission ; that they received charges
against him which were vague and indeterminate. The Synod agrees that
these charges are rather deficient in point of specialty, but are of opinion that
the commission acted with prudence and integrity iu receiving said charges,
inasmuch as they endeavoured to reduce them to a specialty, and as Mr. Ewing
submitted so far as to plead to them, and as the particular circumstances of
the first and third Presbyterian congregations in Philadelphia were viewed
by them as so critical as in their judgment required an immediate discussion of
the affair.
Yet the Synod orders, that all their judicatures shall, for the future, be par-
ticularly careful not to receive or judge of any charges but such as shall be
seasonably reduced to a specialty in the complaint laid before them.
The further consideration of Mr. Ewing's complaint deferred till the after-
noon. Mr. Close has leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock iu the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Roe has leave to go home. Mr. William Tennent, jun'r. being present,
is desired to sit as a correspondent. Mr. Hunter, Mr. Blair's elder, has leave
to go home.
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 407
The Synod proceeded to the further consideration of Mr. Swing's com-
plaint.
Mr. Ewing and the members of the commission were fully heard upon the
subject of this complaint.
The further consideration of this aifair deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
23c? day^ A. M. nine dclock, the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of Mr. Ewing's complaint resumed. The issue of this
affair deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^cIock, P. 31. the Synod met according to adjournvfient. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Potter and Bacon are gone home without leave.
Mr. Ewing's complaint resumed.
The first clause of the judgment of the commission, which is in the following
words, " that Mr. Ewing has, to several persons, called Mr. Eakin a liar, a
dirty liar, or some such opprobrious terms, that he did this without being able
to assign a sufficient reason for the same," was maturely considered, and after a
careful examination of all the evidence laid before us, the Synod concludes that
there was sufficient foundation for this first clause in the commission's judg-
ment, and therefore they approve the same.
The second clause in the aforesaid judgment which is as follows, ^' that he
has shown in this matter so much untenderness towards the truth, as to give
too much ground to impeach his veracity," was also maturely considered, and
all the evidence laid before us duly weighed, and upon the whole it does not
appear to the Synod that there is sufficient reason to impeach Mr. Ewing's ve-
racity. Therefore this clause of their judgment is not approved.
The third clause of the aforesaid judgment, which is in the following words,
" that he has shown a degree of resentment which the commission highly dis-
approve," was also duly considered and approved.
And therefore, although there does not appear sufficient reason to impeach
Mr. Ewing's veracity, yet it is the unanimous judgment of this Synod, that
Mr. Ewing has, by his unchristian treatment of Mr. Eakin, and the resentment
he has shown in this affiiir, merited the censure of this body, and they appoint
the moderator to admonish him from the chair.
Mr. Mattison has leave to go home.
The minutes of the committee appointed to dispose of the interest of the
moneys in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey college, for the support of
poor and pious youth, having been forgot, it is reported that they disposed of
twenty-five pounds, and that there will be in the treasurer's hands next Octo-
ber, sixty-seven pounds ; and the Synod appoint for a committee for the present
year, to attend at New Jersey college, the third Wednesday of August next, and
dispose of said sum, or as much as shall be deemed necessary, the Rev. Dr.
Witherspoou, William Tennent, John Guild, John Ewing, Elihu Spencer, James
Caldwell, Jeremiah Halsey, and Israel Reed, any three of whom to be a quo-
rum, and to have full powfer to act.
It appears by the accounts of the Synod's treasurer that there is in his hands
seven pounds, seventeen shillings and eight pence, belonging to the college,
which is ordered to be paid to the treasurer of New Jersey college.
408 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1770.
It appears, also, by the same accounts, that there is in the hands of our trea-
surer two hundred and twelve pounds, eight shillings and ten pence of the mo-
neys collected for the use of the Synod.
The gentlemen of the commission and Mr. Ewing were called in, and the
judgment of the Synod respecting Mr. Ewing's complaint was read to them.
All concerned acquiesced in this judgment, except Mr. Ewing, and he is allowed
time, till the beginning of next sederunt, to deliberate on this alFair.
Inquiry was made, whether the gentlemen appointed to set on foot subscrip-
tions for the college of New Jersey had complied with that appointment. And
it appears that the members appointed to this service had been very diligent
and successful in the same. But as no application has yet been made in some
places, and in others a more universal application than has yet been made might
probably be successful, the Synod orders the members appointed to this service
to continue the subscriptions already begun, and also begin others where none
has yet been set on foot, and that the several Presbyteries take care that this
order be executed, and that the moneys subscribed be duly collected and trans-
mitted to Dr. Witherspoon, or to the treasurer of New Jersey college, and the
clerk is ordered to furnish such Presbyteries as desire it with copies of this
minute.
Ordered, That Mr. Ewing's appeal against the second Philadelphia Presby-
tery be considered to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
3Iay 2ifh, at nine d clock, A. 31., the St/nod met according to adjournment.
Fost preces sederunt qui siq^ra.
Mr. Graham has leave to go home. Dr. Boyd has leave to go home.
Mr. Ewing having deliberated on the judgment of the Synod respecting him,
declared his readiness to submit to the same. He was, therefore, according to
the order, admonished from the chair.
Mr. Ewing signified to the Synod that he desired his appeal from the judg-
ment of the second Philadelphia Presbytery might be withdrawn. Dr. Alison
moved, that if this was agreed to, a protest might be admitted at his instance,
as representing the said Presbytery ', the appeal was withdrawn, but the pro-
ceedings of that Presbytery had been injuriously treated upon the occasion,
both in conversation and by papers put upon record, and that Dr. Alison him-
self had been particularly blamed, and therefore the Synod should not only de-
clare the appeal fallen from, but give him. Dr. Alison, an extract of this min-
ute, that the fact as it stands may be recorded in the Presbytery's book.
Mr. Ewing and Dr. Alison have leave to go home.
Mr. Boyd has gone home without leave.
Ordered, That Mr. Ewing, the stated clerk of the Synod, state his accounts,
and lay them before the next Synod.
Mr. Alison has leave to go home.
The members appointed to transmit the letters to foreign churches report,
that the letters have been transmitted according to order, but no answers are
yet received.
Messrs. Elihu Spencer, William Ramsey, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph
Montgomery, and James Caldwell, are appointed a committee for the present
year to attend the corporation for the relief of poor Presbyterian ministers and
their widows.
Ordered, To pay the Sexton forty shillings for his services during the present
session of Synod.
A letter from the Presbytery of South Carolina, signifying their desire to
unite with this Synod, and requesting to be informed of the terms on which such
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 409
union may be obtained, was brought in and read. It was agreed to send them
the following letter in answer to their proposal :
" Rev. and dear Brethren : — We received your letter by the Rev. Mr. Cald-
well, proposing an union of your Presbytery with this Synod, and asking the
conditions on which it may be obtained. The Synod took your proposal into
consideration, and are unanimously of opinion that the union would be for the
interest of religion and the comfort of the whole body, and therefore agreed
that it should take place for all ecclesiastical purposes, and expect that your
Presbytery will attend the meeting of the Synod with all the regularity that
your situation will admit. The conditions which we require, are only what we
suppose you are already agreed in, viz., that all your ministers acknowledge and
adopt as the standard of doctrine, the Westminster Confession of Faith and
Catechisms, and the Directory as the plan of your worship and discipline. The
Church of Scotland is considered by this Synod as their pattern in general; but
we have not as yet expressly adopted by resolution of Synod, or bound ourselves
to any other of the standing laws or forms of the Church of Scotland, than
those above mentioned, intending to lay down such rules for ourselves upon
Presbyterian principles in general, as circumstances should from time to time
show to be expedient.
"■ The only difficulty that has been made in this matter is, that we are not
certain whether the corporation of the Widows' Fund will think it safe to
admit the members of your Presbytery, from their distance and other circum-
stances. It is, however, the opinion of the members of this Synod, that you
either do not intend to ask admission to this fund, which is not mentioned iu
your letter, or that you are both able and willing to come in upon such terms
as will not in the least injure the stock or embarrass the management of that
corporation.
<' After receiving this letter, we expect you will send your answer by such of
your members as may attend the next meeting of our Synod, which is to be at
Philadelphia the third Wednesday of May, 1771."
The moderator is ordered to make out a copy of this, properly attested, and
deliver it into the hands of Dr. Rodgers and Mr. Caldwell, to be transmitted
to the moderator of the Presbytery of South Carolina by the first safe op-
portunity.
A petition from some members of Hanover Presbytery, requesting that they
may be erected into a distinct Presbytery, was brought in and read. The Synod
agree to grant the prayer of the said petition, and the Rev. Mr. Hugh McCadden,
Henry Pattillo, James Criswell, Joseph Alexander, Hezekiah James Balch,
and Hezekiah Balch, are erected into a Presbytery, to be known by the name
of the Presbytery of Orange, in North Carolina, and that their first meeting be
at Hawfields, the first Wednesday of September next, and that the Rev. Henry
Pattillo open the Presbytery with a sermon. But the vacancies in these parts
are allowed the same liberty of applying to the Synod for supplies as they have
had in several cases heretofore.
A petition from the congregations of Lancaster and Lcacock, requesting that
they may be set off from the Presbytery of Donegall, and be put under the care
of New Castle Presbytery, was brought in and read. The Synod agree to grant
the prayer of the said petition, and the Presbytery of New Castle is ordered to
take the care of those congregations for the future.
A request from the Presbytery of New Castle for advice in an afi'air respect-
ing Mr. Sampson Smith, was brought in, and after it was maturely considered,
the Synod is of opinion that Mr. Sampson Smith ought to be continued under
suspension till it appears to the Presbytery that he has taken all proper pains
to clear himself from all suspicions respecting his conduct at Chestnut Level.
A reference from the first Presbytery of Philadelphia respecting this ques-
52
410 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1771.
tion, viz. Whether a man may lawfully marry his wife's brother's daughter,
was brought in and read, and the consideration of it deferred till the afternooa.
Adjourned till three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cIocJc, P. M. The Sijnod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
An application was made in behalf of the Presbyterian church in Albany,
representing that they are deeply involved in debt, and praying that the Synod
would recommend them to the assistance of charitable and well disposed per-
sons within their bounds. The Synod referred it to Messrs. P. V. B. Livin-g-
ston and Elihu Spencer, as a committee to examine and make report of the
state of their accounts. The said committee reported, that it appears by the
papers produced to them by Mr. Robert Henry, one of the elders of said
church, that they had erected a building for the public worship of God, the
expense of which amounted to £2813 9s. Sd. York currency, that they re-
ceived from sundry subscribers £811 10s. Sd. for that purpose, which left the
sum of £2001 18s. Gd. deficiency, to be paid by three persons only, of which
Mr. Henry has paid out of his own pocket £1086 13s. Gd , and is liable for
part of what still remains unpaid of said debt. The Synod, therefore, cheerfully
and cordially recommend them to the assistance of all well disposed charitable
persons within their bounds.
The further consideration of the reference from the fii'st Philadelphia Pres-
bytery deferred till next year.
The Donegall Presbytery petitioned the Synod for supplies. Mr. Alexander
Miller is appointed to supply, next fall, eight Sabbaths in the bounds of that
Presbytery.
The Presbytery of New York are appointed to supply on the frontiers of
New Jersey and New York, and the Synod agree to pay those who supply
them, out of their funds.
The Synod agree to grant to the Presbytery of Donegall and New York, each
fifteen pounds, and they are required to husband the money, and improve it to
the best advantage.
The committees appointed to examine the Presbytery books, not haying
opportunity to examine them, they are referred to next Synod.
Mr. Bay requested to review a former minute respecting him, which is defer-
red till next Synod.
Adjourned to meet at the first Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, on the
third Wednesday in May next, at ten o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1771.
Philadelphia, 3Iay \^th, 1771, at 3 oWock in the afternoon.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
Ministers present, of the Presbytery of New York : the Kev. Dr. llodgers,
Messrs. Azariah Ilorton, James Caldwell, Azel lioe, John Blair, Francis Pep-
pard, Jedidiah Chapman, Alexander McWhorter.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : the Rev. Messrs. William Tcnnent,
Charles McKuight, Jeremiah Ilalsey.
Of the first l*resbytery of Jl^hiladelpliia : the Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat,
Charles Beatty, James Sproat, Andrew Hunter, William Ramsey, Benjamin
Chesuutt, Alexander Mitchell, James Boyd.
Of the seco)id I'resbytcry of Philadelphia: the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Treat,
Tohn Evviug, James Latta, John Simonton, Dr. Francis Alison.
1771.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 411
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : the Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell,
Ivobert hmith, John Carmichael, William McKennan, Joseph Montgomery,
John McCreary, Joseph Smith, Elihu Spencer, William Foster.
Of the Presbytery of Lewestown : the Rev. Mr. John Miller.
Of the Presbytery of Donegall : the Rev. Messrs. John Roan, John Strain,
-John Craighead, Robert Cooper.
Elders present : Dr. William Burnet, Messrs. Matthias Hatfield, Thomas
Bourne, Richard Walker, Joseph Ogden, James McNair, John Johnson, John
McElroy, John Wilson, William Patterson, Moses Scott, Thomas McCall.
_ Ministers absent, of New York Presbytery : the Rev. Benjamin Halt, Ben-
jamin Woodruff, Joseph Treat, Aaron Richards, Nathan Kerr, Abner Brush
Simon Horton, John Moflat, John Derby, Timothy Jones, Jonathan Elmer,
Hugh Knox, Jacob Green, James Tuttle, Thomas Lewis.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, Messrs.
Ihomas Smith, Israel Reed, Samuel Kennedy, John Guild, John Hanna, John
Rosborough, James Lyon, Job Prudden.
Of first Presbytery of Philadelphia : the Rev. Messrs. Nehemiah Greenman,
Enoch Green, James Watt.
Of second Presbytery of Philadelphia: the Rev. Messrs. John Steel, John
Elder, Robert McMordie, Samuel Eakiu.
Of Suffolk Presbytery, the whole absent.
Of New Castle Presbytery: the Rev. Messrs. James Finley, Andrew Bay,
John Beard. "^ •^'
Of Lewestown Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Jacob Kerr,
Alexander Huston.
Of Donegall Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, George Duf-
faeld, John Hogg, Amos Thomson, James Long, John Slemmons, Joseph Bay,
James Harris. "^
Of Dutchess Presbytery, the whole absent.
The Synod was opened with a sermon by the Rev. Mr. McW^horter, the last
year s moderator, from Acts xx. 24.
Mr. Ramsey was chosen moderator, and Mr. Roe and Mr. Latta, clerks.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
16/A day. The Synod met according to adjournment. VU post preces sederunt
qui supra.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that the Rev. Mr. John Griffith
is removed by death since our last.
The New Castle Presbytery report that they have ordained Mr. John Wood-
hull and Mr. Josiah Lewis, who being present took their seats ; and have
licensed Mr. Thomas Smith to preach the gospel, and have restored the Rev.
Mr. Sampson Smith, who being present took his seat.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach the
gospel, John Simpson and William Shank.
The Presbytery of Donegall report, that they have received as a member the
Rev. Mr. Joseph Reah, lately from Ireland.
Mr. Joseph Lewis reports that Mr. Samuel Black is dead.
The Presbytery of New York report, that the Rev. John Pierson was
removed by death, August 23, 1770; and the Rev. James Tuttle, December
25, 1770; and that they have ordained the Rev. Alexander Miller, Oliver
Dunning, and John Murdoch.
The Lewestown Presbytery report, that the Rev. Charles Tennent and
Thomas McCrackin have been removed by death since last Synod, and that
Mr. John Bacon is dismissed from them, and removed to Boston.
412 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF * [1771.
The Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach the gospel,
Mr. Joseph Avery.
Messrs. Hunter, Tate, Robert Smith, John Miller, Cooper, McKnight, Hor-
ton. Close, ministers, and Dr. Burnet, Joseph Ogden, Mr. Patterson, and
Richard Walker, are appointed a committee of overtures, and ordered to meet
here to-morrow morning at six o'clock.
Mr. Montgomery and Mr. Roe are appointed a committee to examine the
second Philadelphia Presbytery book.
Mr. Blair and Mr. Chapman are appointed to examine the New Brunswick
Presbytery book.
Mr. McWhorter and Mr. John Miller to examine the book of the Presbytery
of Donegall.
Dr. Rodgers and Mr. Sproat to examine the Presbytery book of New
Castle.
Mr. Roan and Mr. Strain to examine the book of the fii'st Presbytery of
Philadelphia.
Mr. Treat and Mr. Foster to examine the Presbytery book of New York.
The Synod appoint as a commission for the ensuing year, the RcA^ Messrs.
Richard Treat, Patrick Alison, John Ewiug, Alexander McWhorter, James
Sproat, John Blair, Thomas Lewis, William Mills, Azariah Horton, Timothy
Jones, William Tennent, Israel Read, Andrew Hunter, Elihu Spencer ; and
elders. Dr. Burnet, Captain Bourne, Dr. Lyon, Messrs. Ogden and McCullough,
thirteen of whom shall be a quorum ; but if the moderator should die or be
absent, the first mentioned on the roll in the minute shall have power to call
the commission and preside.
Mr. Treat is continued treasurer for this ensuing year, and desired to be
ready to lay his accounts, for the last year, before the Synod.
Messrs. Lewis, Roe, and Close complied with their appointments to the
southern mission.
The order of the Synod last year, that Mr. Bay should be dismissed from
New Castle, and join Dutchess County Presbytery, was not complied with.
Mr. McCreary's reasons for not supplying, according to the order of last
Synod, were sustained.
Mr. Patrick Alison reports, that it was not convenient for him to take a
journey to the southward to supply the vacancies there.
Mr. Nilcs undertook the mission assigned him by the last Synod, but was
prevented by sickness from fulfilling it.
Mr. Tate was prevented by indisposition from fulfilling his appointment.
The Synod are informed Mr. John Harris fulfilled his appointment to the
southward.
The committee appointed to visit Mr. Brainerd's school, report that they
did not meet, because they understood that the school was broke up for the
present.
Ordered, That an exact list of the members of the Synod, with the several
candidates and congregations under their care, be printed, with an account of
the disbursements of money collected to be disposed of by the Synod ; and
for this purpose the following persons arc appointed a committee to prepare
said list, Messrs. Treat, Caldwell, John Miller, Cooper, Halsey, Latta, Roe,
Carmichacl, Close, and Josiah Lewis, to meet to-morrow morning at half after
eight o'clock, at this place.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M Concluded with prayer.
1771.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 413
16^/i day., three ddoch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
As Dr. Rodgers has received letters from some of the foreign churches, he
is ordered to lay them before the Synod to-morrow morning, and any other
members who may have received such letters are ordered to do the same.
The committee appointed to meet the corporation for the widows' fund report,
that they have been unable from indisposition, inclemency of weather, or igno-
rance of the time of the corporation's meeting, to form a quorum to meet with
said corporation since our last Synod.
Messrs. Elihu Spencer, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph Montgomery, James
Caldwell, and the moderator, are appointed a committee to meet with the com-
mittee of the corporation for the widows' fund, and are empowered to settle
with said corporation, and ordered to make a report of their transactions to the
Synod before the end of their present sessions.
Dr. Rodgers reports that he sent the Synod's letter to the moderator of the
Presbytery of South Carolina, but has received no answer.
It is reported to us that the brethren of North Carolina, who requested last
Synod to be set off as a Presbytery by the name of the Orange Presbytery,
have met and proceeded to business agreeably to the order of Synod.
Mr. Alexander Miller's reasons for not complying fully with the appointment
of last Synod, are sustained.
The Synod think it expedient that, agreeably to their request, the New Cas-
tle Presbytery ordain Mr. Thomas Read, a candidate residing.in their bounds.
Adjourned to meet to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with
prayer.
Vlth day, nine o'cloch, A .M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
U hi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. John Slemmons is now come, and his reasons of absence since
the beginning of our present sessions, sustained.
Dr. Rodgers, agreeable to the order of our last seder^mt, delivered into the
Synod a letter from the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, and an-
other letter from the Synod of North Holland, which were read.
A letter was also received from the Rev. Mr. Elam Potter, an absent mem-
ber of this body, signifying his readiness to go upon a mission to Virginia and
Carolina, and requesting the Synod to furnish him with credentials for that
purpose.
A reference from the second Presbytery of Philadelphia was brought in, in
the following words :
" The Presbytery took Mr. Eakin's affair under consideration, and as he
has deserted his pastoral charge, and his character labours under grievous re-
ports of gross immoralities, and he has not thought proper to attend this judi-
cature, though twice cited to appear and vindicate his character and conduct,
but by a letter sent to Dr. Alison, to be communicated to this Presbytery, de-
sired that his name might be struck out of their book, as he was determined
never hereafter to have any pastoral charge under the care of this Presbytery,
or under the care of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, the Presby-
tery calling to mind the difficulties in which they have already' been involved
by his conduct, judged it most expedient to refer his case to the Synod, and
desire this reference may be laid before them as soon as there is a convenient
opportunity."
The above reference was taken under consideration, and the Synod, after
mature deliberation upon it, appoint Tuesday next, at three o'clock, for hear-
414 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1771.
ing and issuing that matter, and order that Mr. Eakin be cited, and that Dr.
Rodgers prepare a citation, specifying the charges against him, Mr. Eakin,
to be signed by the moderator, and bring it in at our next sederunt ; and ap-
point Messrs. Blair, Caldwell, and Dr. Burnet, a committee to prepare matters
and cite witnesses, and order the committee to take care that Mr. Eakin be
served with the citation.
A letter from the Ilev. Mr. Ebenezer Prime, directed to the moderator, sig-
nifying the difficulty which he, together with some of his brethren of Suffolk
Presbytery, labour under on account of an order of Synod respecting the ordi-
nation of ministers, sine titulo, and requesting some relief in that matter, was
brought in and read, and the consideration of it was deferred.
Adjourned to meet at three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Vltli dm/, three d clock, P. M. The Sijnod met according to adjournment.
Uhi post preces sederimt qui supra.
Mr. Boyd obtained leave to go home.
Dr. Alison brought in a letter from the Synod of Geneva, which was read.
The Synod entered upon the consideration of Mr. Ebenezer Prime's letter,
and after maturely deliberating thereon, the Synod appoint Dr. Francis Alison,
Dr. Rodgers, and Mr. McWhorter, as a committee to draw up a minute in
answer to said letter, and to lay it before the Synod to-morrow morning.
Mr. Blair brought in an overture in writing, proposing a committee to in-
quire into the 'state of religion, and means for promoting it, in our bounds,
which was ordered to lie upon the table for further consideration.
Dr. Rodgers, according to the order of last sederunt, prepared and brought
in a citation for Mr. Eakin, which was signed by the moderator, and is as
follows :
'' Sir : — The second Presbytery of Philadelphia have referred your case to
the Syuod, who have taken it under their consideration ; have appointed Tues-
day next, at three o'clock, P. M. to hear and issue it, at which time you are
hereby cited to attend, at the first Presbyterian Church in this city, and al-
though we presume you cannot be ignorant of the scandalous reports spread
abroad respecting you, as you have been twice cited to attend the Presbytery
to vindicate your character in those instances, yet that you may have another
opportunity for this purpose, we hereby inform you, they are the following,
viz. antenuptial fornication ; lying with respect to your marriage ; suborning
witnesses ; and deserting the work of the ministry, in direct violation of your
ordination vows. Your attendance is expected at the above time and place to
answer to the said charges.
" You are to consider this as the last citation you are to expect on this head ;
the Synod will therefore proceed to hear and issue the matter whether you
attend or not. Signed by order.
"Mai/17th, 1771."
Adjourned to meet to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with
prayer.
18^A dai/, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Dr. Witherspoon is now come, and the reasons he gave for not attending
earlier in the session, arc sustained. Mr. Pcppard obtained leave to go home.
The committee appointed yesterday to draw up a minutein answer to Mr.
Prime's letter, brought it in. It was approved, and is as follows :
" In answer to the Rev. Mr. Prime's letter, it appears, that he and hiir
1771.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 415
brethren, in whose name he writes, are agreed with this Synod in sentiments,
that in sending forth ministers to labour in Christ's vineyard, we should lay
hands suddenly on no man, but should use all Scriptural methods to be satis-
fied of their piety, learning, prudence, and aptness to teach. And they are
further agreed with us to make trial by hearing candidates for the work of the
ministry preach, pray, and expound the Scriptures, previous to ordination,
at least before their ordination, that we may be satisfied in our minds, that
they have ministerial gifts to qualify them for their duty in that sacred charac-
ter : that we should endeavour by private conversation, and a continuance of
such trials, to come to a greater satisfaction of their aptness to teach, and other
necessary qualifications. And the Synod are firmly persuaded that our me-
thod of licensing them to preach, by way of probation for the gospel ministry,
before ordination, is grounded on general directions given by the apostle, that
we should lay hands suddenly on no man, but should commit this to faithful
men who are known to be able to teach others. But as Mr. Prime, and the
two brethren in whose name he writes, seem to difiier from this Synod only in
the mode of making these necessary trials before ordination, the Synod, after
a serious consideration of their request, w^hich they are persuaded is made
from a conscientious regard to what they think their duty, have agreed to lay
no burden on them, or on those young men whose consciences will not allow
them to preach the gospel without ordination, and therefore, though the Synod
cannot repeal the act referred to in the above letter, respecting the ordaining
ministers, sine titulo, as they judge it still expedient and useful, yet they al-
low the Presbytery to ordain those gentlemen referred to by Mr. Prime in his
letter, in case they shall be found on trial, to be qualified for the work of the
sacred ministry, not doubting but they will take due care on this important
head."
Mr. Bay is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner are judged suf-
ficient ; his elder, Mr. Robert Henry, is also come.
Mr. Halsey's elder has leave to go home.
Upon inquiry how far the several Presbyteries had complied with the order
of Synod respecting the plan of the lay elders, it was found that all the Pres-
byteries present have paid due attention thereto, and have made some consi-
derable progress in executiug said plan, except the Presbyteries of New Bruns-
wick and Suffolk, to whom it is earnestly recommended that they pay that
regard to the above order of Synod which the importance of the case demands,
as what may greatly conduce to the prosperity of the churches under their
care.
Mr. Brainerd reports, that he has had under his care an Indian school since
the 24th of December, which he expects to continue through the summer and
possibly through the winter also.
Ordered, That the treasurer for the Synod pay Mr. Brainerd fifteen pounds
for the half year which shall end the 24th of June. And Dr. Alison, Dr.
Witherspoon, Messrs. Ewing, Sproat, Treat, and Beatty, are appointed a
committee, who are to meet the last Wednesday of August, at ten o'clock,
who shall visit the school and judge whether it shall be continued the winter
half year ; and if it appears to them that the school has been continued through
the summer, that may draw upon the treasurer for fifteen pounds more ; and
then determine whether it is expedient to continue the school through the
winter, and to engage with Mr. Brainerd in behalf of the Synod, to allow him
fifteen pounds also for that term, in case it be continued.
It also appears to this Synod, that Mr. Brainerd has laboured very diligently
in the numerous destitute vacancies to which he was appointed the last Synod.
The treasurer is therefore ordered to pay Mr. Brainerd the twenty pounds voted
him last year for the said service. And it is also agreed, to allow Mr. Brainerd
416 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1771.
twenty pounds for the ensuing year, provided it shall appear at the next Synod,
that he continues to preach the gospel in the numerous and destitute vacancies
in his neighbourhood.
Adjourned to meet on Monday next, at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
20th dai/, ten o'clock, the Synod met accordiwj to adjournment. Vhi pout
preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. James Lang is now come, and his reasons for not attending sooner,
judged sufl&cient; and his elder, John McClelland, is also come.
Mr. Brainerd requested that some members of this body should be ap-
pointed to inspect the journal of his last year's labours, in the destitute places
in his neighbourhood, and to report the state of his ae^'ounts with respect to
that service, and Messrs. Hunter and Spencer are ordered a committee for that
purpose.
Dr. "Witherspoon and Dr. Rodgers are appointed to draw up a letter in an-
swer to the letter which the Synod received from the General Assembly of the
Church of Scotland.
Mr. Robert Smith and Halsey are appointed to draw up a letter in answer
to the letter from North Holland.
Dr. Alison and Mr. Blair are appointed to draw up an answer to the letter
from Geneva. And it is ordered, that these letters be laid before the Synod
next Wednesday morning.
The committee appointed last year to dispose of the money in the hands of
the treasurer of New Jersey college, for the education of poor and pious youth,
report, that they have disposed of the sum of thirty-two pounds, and that there
will be in the hands of the treasurer next October, the sum of sixty-five
pounds.
And the Synod appoint for a committee for the present year, to attend at
New Jersey college the third Wednesday of August next, and dispose of said
sum, or as much as may be deemed necessary, the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon,
Messrs. Tenuent, Guild, Ewing, Spencer, Beatty, Caldwell, Halsey, Reed, and
Hunter, any three of whom shall be a quorum.
The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. General Convention at Elizabeth-
town in October last, brought in the minutes of their proceedings, which were
read.
As the next general convention are to meet at Norwalk the first Wednesday
of September next, at eleven o'clock, the Synod appoint as delegates to attend
upon that occasion, the Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Jeremiah Halsey,
James Sproat, John Brainerd, Dr. Francis Alison, Dr. John Rodgers, Alex-
ander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Elihu Spencer, J. Treat,
Joseph 3Iontgomery, John Blair, John Close, Jedidiah Chapman, John Wood-
hull, Dr. John Witherspoon, Charles Beatty, Solomon 3Iead, and Samuel
Mills.
And the Rev. Mr. John Blair, or in his absence, the Rev. Joseph Montgo-
mery, is appointed to open the convention by a sermon.
The committee appointed to confer with the Associate Presbytery, brought
in the minutes of their proceedings, which were read, and the conduct of the
committee was highly approved.
Adjourned till three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
20th day, three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post p)reces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Boyd is now returned to the Synod.
Inquiry was made with respect to the diligence of the several Presbyteries
1771.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 417
in forwarding the subscriptions for the New Jersey College, and it appears that
the Presbyteries have exerted themselves with considerable succesSj and still
expect to be able to obtain further contributions.
It is ordered, that the several Presbyteries continue to exert themselves for
this purpose, and be prepared to lay before the Synod, at our meeting next year,
an exact account in writing of all the contributions and subscriptions they shall
be able to obtain, and particularly specify what hath been collected, and what
still remains yet to be collected ; and it is ordered that the clerks of every Pres-
bytery furnish themselves with a copy of this minute.
Mr. McDowell and Mr. Treat are appointed a committee to inquire into
and report the management of the money formerly belonging to the Synod of
Philadelphia.
Adjourned to meet to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with
prayer.
21st dai/, nine o'docJc, A. If. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The appointment of supplies to the southward, agreeably to a previous order
of Synod, came to be considered.
A supplication from Steel Creek, in North Carolina, for supplies, particu-
larly for Mr. J. Lewis, was brought in by the committee of overtures, and
read.
A supplication for supplies from Cathy's Settlement, North Carolina, was
brought in and read. Also, a supplication for supplies from Cubb Creek, Vir-
ginia, was brought in and read.
A supplication from Manahawkin, in East Jersey, was likewise brought in
and read.
A call from the united congregations of Briar Creek and Queensborough, in
Georgia, for the Rev. Mr. Josiah Lewis, was brought in and read. In this it
was also requested, that in case the call was not accepted, other supplies should
be appointed them.
Application was also made on behalf of Ligonier, and the vacancies beyond
the Allegheny mountains, on behalf of the settlements on the south branch of
Potomac, and on behalf of a numerous people living on Hudson's river, in the
province of New York, and also on behalf of Hanover and Cumberland coun-
ties, in Virginia. Application was also made on behalf of two united congre-
gations in Dorset county, Maryland.
In consequence of these applications, Mr. James Finley is appointed to supply
over the Allegheny mountains for two months at least, as soon as may be con-
venient for him.
Mr. Sampson Smith is appointed to spend six months in the settlements on
the south branch of Potomac and the other parts on the frontiers of Virginia.
Mr. Schank, a candidate under the care of the New Brunswick Presbytery,
is appointed to spend four months in the settlements on Hudson's river, and
parts adjacent, and the Presbytery are directed to ordain him as soon as maybe,
if they find their way clear, in order to his going on that mission.
Mr. Alexander Miller and Mr. Eliphalet Ball are also appointed to visit
those settlements, and to continue there six weeks or two months each, if con-
venient.
Mr. Elam Potter, agreeably to his request, is appointed to visit the southern
vacancies of North and South Carolina and Georgia, and to spend at least six
months in this mission, and to tarry in every congregation of importance which
he shall visit, three weeks or a month, and carefully catechize the people.
Ordered, that Mr. Roe give notice of this appointment to Mr. Potter.
53
418 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1771.
Mr. Joseph Smith is appointed to visit the southern vacancies, and particu-
larly to spend five weeks at Steel Creek congregation, and two months and three
weeks beyond the Catawba river ; that he pay particular attention to Dunkin's
Creek congregation, and spend as much time there, and at Bullock's Creek, as
he possibly can. The rest of the time at discretion, and he shall carefully
catechize the people of these congregations.
Mr. John McCreary is appointed to visit the settlements betwixt the Yadkin
and Catawba rivers, and to continue among them three months, and to spend
three or four Sabbaths at Cubb Creek, in his way.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery are appointed to supply Mr. McCreary's
pulpit the three first Sabbaths in August and the two first in November.
Mr. Simonton is appointed to supply i\Ir. Smith's pulpit the two first Sab-
baths in October, and Mr. Tate the two first Sabbaths in November.
The further consideration of supplies deferred.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
21st dai/, three o'clocJc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod proceeded, according to an order of a former day, to consider
the case of Mr. Eakin, referred to them by the second Presbytery of Phila-
delphia.
Mr. Eakin appeared agreeably to the citation issued ; and being interrogated
from the chaix', made an open and free confession of the crimes with which he
was charged, and declared himself unfeignedly sorry and deeply penitent for
his very ofl'ensive conduct.
The Synod, after reasoning, and prayer to God for direction in this impor-
tant matter, are of opinion, that the crimes he had been guilty of did fully
deserve deposition; but in respect to his humble and penitent carriage, do
agree, that he be suspended from the exercise of his ministry sine die; and
they do prohibit him, under pain of the highest censures of the church, from
exercising the same, or any part thereof, within the bounds of this Synod, or
anywhere else, and discharge any inferior judicatory from taking off this sus-
pension, and from receiving any application for that purpose ; and the Synod
do also dissolve his pastoral relation to the third Presbyterian congregation
in this city. They do further suspend him from sealing ordinances in the
mean time, but leave it to the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, or any other
Presbytery in which he may reside, to restore to Christian communion, upon
his application, when they shall see proper. The Synod do also appoint the
moderator solemnly to rebuke him from the chair, and order that this whole
sentence be read from the pulpit of that church of which he was pastor, the
next Lord's day. ,
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2'ld dai/f nine o'clock, A. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Vli
post p)reces sederunt qui supra.
The committee to examine ]\Ir. Brainerd's accounts from the year 1760 to
the year 1770 inclusive, reported, that Mr. Brainerd had received from the
several congregations he hath from time to time supplied in the neighbourhood
of Nanohawkin and Egg Hai-bour, only the sum of fifty-nine pounds nineteen
shillings, though he had preached upwards of five hundred times among them,
and that his accounts respecting the Indian school stand fair.
The committee appointed to draw up a letter in answer to a letter received
from the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, brought it in and it
wae read.
1771.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 419
The committee appointed to draw up a letter in answer to a letter from the
Synod of North Holland, brought one in, which was read.
And Dr. Witherspoou, Dr. llodgers, Messrs. Robert Smith, Ewing, Patrick
Alison, Blair, and McDowell, are appointed a committee to review and correct
the forementioned letters, and bring them in to-morrow moruino-.
- The committee to inquire into the management of the money formerly be-
longing to the Synod of Philadelphia, are not prepared to make their report.
The case respecting marriage was taken under consideration, and after deli-
berating upon it some time, it was deferred till next Synod.
Mr. Ewing is appointed to furnish the southern missionaries with proper
certificates, and to sign them in the name of the Synod.
The affair of appointing supplies was resumed.
Mr. Horton is appointed to supply Mr. Boyd's pulpit the third and fourth
Sabbaths of September, while Mr. Boyd, agreeable to the order of Synod, sup-
plies for Mr. McCreary.
The New York Presbytery book was brought in by the committee appointed
to examine it, and it was approved.
Mr. Caldwell requested in the name of the Presbytery of New York, that
some of the money in the hands of the Synod's treasurer to assist poor and
destitute congregations, be allowed them for supplying the frontiers of that
province and New Jersey, and the Synod agreed, that there be allowed them
for the ensuing year, the sum of fifteen pounds, and at the request of Mr.
Cooper, the like sum is allowed to the Presbytery of Donegall for supplying on
their frontiers.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
22tZ day, tliree o'clock, P. 31. the Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi
post preces sederunt qui sujyra.
The committee appointed to examine into and report the management of the
money formerly in the hands of the Synod of Philadelphia, have not yet been
able to complete that business.
The committee appointed to examine the Donegall Presbytery book, brought
it in, and with remarks it was approved.
The committee appointed to examine the New Brunswick Presbytery book,
brought it in and it was approved.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery book was brought in by the committee ap-
pointed to examine it, and it was approved.
Ordered, To proceed in reading the minutes of the committee of overtures.
Application was made by Mr. Alexander Miller in fiivour of the Presbyterian
congregation in Schenectady, in order to assist them in finishing a church,
which was not complied with.
A scheme for the education of poor and pious youth, formed and adopted by
the Presbytery of New Castle, and transmitted by the committee of overtures,
was brought in and read, and is as follows :
" A scheme for supporting young men of piety and parts at learning for the
work of the ministry, that so our numerous vacancies may be supplied with
preachers of the gospel, &c.
" 1st. That every vacant congregation in our bounds, who ask this Presbytery
for supplies, do annually at our fall meeting pay into the hands of a treasurer
to be chosen, the sum of two pounds.
" 2d. That every minister belonging to this Presbytery, pay into the hands
of said treasurer, at the said time, the sum of one pound.
" 3d. That any gentleman willing to contribute to this pious design, may
have an opportunity of subscribing to pay annually.
420 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1771.
"4tli. That at every spring meeting of this Presbytery, there shall be a
treasurer chosen, (a member of Presbytery,) who shall keep a fair stated ac-
count of all the money received, and the disbursements, and shall pay no mo-
ney •without a written order, an act of the Presbytery signed by their moderator
and clerk for the time being.
" 5th. That every member of this Presbytery may recommend any young
man they think proi^er, who, after such an examination as shall be thought
convenient, shall receive or be refused the benefit of this donation, by the
major vote of this Presbj^tery.
*' 6th. That after any young man is thus received, the Presbytery shall look
upon themselves as the guardians of his education, and as such shall give all
orders relative thei'eto, and in case of any difference of opinion the major vote
shall always determine.
" 7th. That every young man thus educated, shall be looked upon as na-
tively belonging to this Presbytery, and when introduced into the work of the
ministry, shall continue at least one j'ear preaching in the vacancies within the
bounds of this Presbytery.
" 8th. That every young man thus educated, and afterwards not inclining to
the work of the ministry, shall give a bond to some minister of this Presby-
tery, to the amount of all the money expended by this Presbytery in his educa-
tion, payable in five years after date."
The Synod do highly approve of this plan, and do most earnestly recom-
mend it to the several Presbyteries to fall upon that or the like scheme, for the
excellent purpose above mentioned, and order that inquiry be made at the next
meeting of Synod, how far the several Presbyteries have been able to proceed
in executing said plan, and that they be required to give an account of their
diligence in this matter.
An overture was made that the general fast be observed in all our bounds in
consideration of the aspect which matters, both civil and religious, bear. The
overture was cheerfully accepted, and the Synod earnestly recommend it to
the several ministers and congregations under their care, to spend the third
Thursday in June in fasting and prayer : excepting those Presbyteries who
may have lately observed a fast for the same purpose.
An application from the trustees of the Academy at Newark, to obtain the
countenance and approbation of the Synod for a general collection through
their bounds in behalf of said Academy, was overturcd and read. The Synod
considered the prayer of said petition, and cheerfully agree to countenance it;
and do recommend it to the charity of the various congregations within their
bounds.
The letter in answer to a letter from Geneva not being ready to be delivered
in with the other letters on Tuesday morning, was now brought in by the
committee appointed to prepare it, and read, and ordered to be put into the
bands of the committee appointed to revise and correct the other Synodical
letters.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2dd day, nine o^ clock, A. M. the Sj/nod met according to adjournincnt. Uhi
post preces sederunt qui sxqyra.
The committee appointed to examine into and report the management of the
money formerly in the hands of the late Philadelphia Synod, and, in conse-
quence of the union, belonging to the united Synod, report, that on account
of the multiplicity of business in which Dr. Alison is involved nothing can be
done in this affair this session. It is therefore ordered, that Mr. Treat, Mr.
Beatty, and Mr. Sproat, be a committee to examine into and report the state
of said money, and that they prepare an exact account in writing of the
1771.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 421
management of said money, and lay it before the Synod at its meeting next
year.
The committee appointed to examine the books of the second Presbytery of
Phihidelphia and of the Presbytery of New Castle, brought them in, and they
were approved.
A proposal being made for reviving the annual collection, in order to assist
weak and destitute places in supporting the gospel, as was agreed upon in a
former Synod, the Synod considering that a sum of money yet remains in the
hand of their treasurer, and that there are, or will be, several collections for
other purposes on foot in the current year, agree to defer it till the next meet-
ing of Synod.
Adjourned till three o'clock this afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
2Sd day, three o'docJc, P. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment. Vll
post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of appointing supplies was resumed.
Mr. Halsey is appointed to supply Mr. Jos. Smith's pulpit, the first, second,
and third Sabbaths of January, and it is ordered that the New York Presbytery
supply his pulpit two of those Sabbaths.
Mr. Thomas Lewis is appointed to supply Mr. Jos. Smith's pulpit the three
first Sabbaths of December, and the New York Presbytery is ordered to supply
his pulpit two of those Sabbaths.
Mr. Mitchell is appointed to supply Mr. Smith's pulpit the two first Sabbaths
of February.
Mr. Chapman is appointed to supply Mr. Smith's pulpit the third and fourth
Sabbaths of November.
The letters to the foreign churches were brought in by the committee ap-
pointed to revise them, and approved ; and it was ordered, that the moderator
sign them, and that Dr. Witherspoon take care to transmit the letter to the
General Assembly of the Church of Scotland ; Dr. Eodgers to transmit that
to the Church of North Holland, and Dr. Alison the letter to the Church of
Geneva.
The committee appointed to meet the corporation laid their minutes before
the Synod, who highly approve of their proceedings in the business committed
to their care, commend the settlement made respecting the money deposited in
the hands of the corporation by the church of Scotland, to be disposed of by
said corporation, in conjunction with the Synod's committee, in the disposal
of which they are concerned, and vote them their thanks for their fidelity and
diligence.
A copy of some regulations made by the corporation for the relief of poor
and distressed Presbyterian ministers, their widows and children.
" A committee was appointed to consider and propose some regulations for
the admission of ministers who may come from Europe or from the neighbour-
ing colonies and join our Synod, and who may desire to become contributors to
this fund. The members of the committee last appointed, and the other mem-
bers of this board, having at this time freely and deliberately considered this
matter, have thus determined :
"That if any minister come from a distant place and join with the Synod
of New York and Philadelphia, and settle in any of the middle colonies, viz.
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, and choose to become a
contributor to this fund, he may be admitted on the following terms, viz.
" 1st. He shall be allowed one whole year after his arrival among us, and no
longer, to deliberate whether he will become a contributor or not.
" 2d. If he was ordained a minister before the fund was constituted, and be
422- MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1771.
under forty years of ago, he shall pay a sum of money equal to the sum paid
by any minister who has chosen the same rate with him, and has been a contri-
butor from the beginning, counting the interest thereon as it would have arisen
from year to year.
" 3d. If he was ordained since the commencement of the fund, and under
thirty years of age when ordained, he shall pay on his becoming a contributor
a sum of money equal to what would have been paid by him had he been intro-
duced into the ministry by the Synod; but if he was ordained when above
thirty and under forty years of age, he shall pay a sum equal to what would
have been paid by him had he been ordained at the age of thirty years. Pro-
vided always, and on all these suppositions, that he be not in such a declining
state of health as would render his life more precarious than might be expected
from a man of his years; of which this corporation shall be the judges.
"4th. But if he be above forty years of age, he shall not be admitted on
any terms, as the corporation cannot in consistence with their trust allow him
this privilege.
*' It was found on revising our records that several laws have been enacted
respecting the time when young men were to become contributors to this fund,
which, when compared, occasioned some difficulties. To remove which for the
time to come, it is agreed and enacted, that every young man that shall hereaf-
ter apply to be admitted as a contributor, shall bring a certificate from a Pres-
bytery, mentioning the time of his ordination, and of his settlement in a con-
gregation, and shall at the next yearly meeting of this corporation but one in
the month of May, after his ordination and settlement in a congregation, pay
down one year's rate or contribution, and then entering into bonds shall be ad-
mitted to all the privileges arising from this fund. But it shall be lawful for
him to pay his money, and become a contributor socner if he thinks it for his
advantage, as his family can expect no benefit unless he has paid one year's
rate, and entered into bonds.
" The secretary is ordered 'to give a copy of this regulation to the moderator
of the Synod, respecting the admission of young men as contributors to this
fund, and to request the Synod, in the name of this corporation, to take such
measures as they may think most proper, that every minister belonging to any
of their Presbyteries may know these rules, and that no young man be deprived
of the benefit of this fund who is willing to become a contributor.
" Enacted at a meeting of the corporation, held at the first Presbyterian
church in this city, December 19th, 1770, and continued by adjournments.
'' A true copy, Francis Alison, Secretary."
Mr. William IMackey Tennent, a licensed candidate under the care of the
Lewestown Presbytery, is appointed to supply the month of November at the
direction of the New Castle Presbytery, and Mr. John Simpson, a licensed can-
didate belonging to the New Brunswick Presbytery, is appointed to supply in
the month of December, at the direction of said Presbytery.
The Synod appoint the Rev. P. Alison to supply in Virginia, the Carolinas,
and Georgia, to set off as soon as he conveniently can.
The settlement of the committee of Synod with the corporation of the Wi-
dows' Fund, is as follows :
" The corporation having laid their accounts respecting the money granted
them by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland before the committee
of the Synod, the committee finding it difficult to understand the propriety of
allowing some articles in said accounts, and having conferred with the com-
mittee of the corporation, who, on the strictest examination, exhibited this ac-
count, they still declared that they were in some things not fully satisfied ;
therefore to end all debates, and for the sake of peace, the corporation agreed
to make them the following proposals, though they are persuaded that the ac-
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 423
counts exhibited to tliem are just and reasonable, and such as they can on a
just and sure foundation exhibit to the world.
" 1st. That thirty pounds free of all deductions shall be yearly paid by the
treasurer of the corporation to a committee of the Synod of New York and
Philadelphia, on the 24th day of May ; the first payment to commence on the
24th of May, 1772, to be applied by them, for the uses and purposes hereafter
mentioned, and for none else; these uses, as we apprehend, being agreeable to
the pious intentions of the donors.
" 2d. That in consideration of the application of said sum of thirty pounds,
the committee of the Synod, in the name of that reverend body, do acquiesce
in and approve of such application of the money, entrusted by the Scotch
Church for the use of the widows' fund, and all such other pious uses as have
been hitherto made of it by the corporation.
^' 3d. That this sum of thirty pounds shall be expended by the committee of
the Synod in assisting poor and distressed Presbyterian ministers, or their
families ; or to pay ministers or probationers to preach the gospel to weak or
frontier congregations in the bounds of Pennsylvania and the lower counties,
New Jersey, and Maryland, and to assist them when weak and distressed, to
erect places of worship, and to preach to and assist the Indians who live among
said inhabitants or contiguous to the frontiers of said provinces.
"4th. The committee hereby covenant, agree, and engage to and with the
corporation, that they shall never claim a right or power to break on the capi-
tal whence the said thirty pounds are to arise by way of interest, nor shall the
committee of the Synod employ it for any other uses than those above specified,
upon the pain of having it withheld or employed by the corporation in conjunc-
tion with the committee ; but if it be found necessary in the judgment of this
corporation to employ the whole capital, which is considered by this board as
equal to six hundred pounds, or any part thereof in the support of the widows'
fund, it is hereby agreed to use it for that purpose ; and if a part of it be so
employed, the committee of the Synod shall have the disposal of the interest of
the sum remaining at five per cent., clear of all deductions.' The committee and
corporation are by this agreement bound, never to touch said capital of six hun-
dred pounds, but only and in such case, as the annuities due from the corpora-
tion cannot be paid without breaking on the capital as is stipulated in the
thirteenth article of the agreement made between the contributors and this cor-
poration. And it is hereby stipulated that this agreement shall prevent and
put an end to all debates between this corporation and the committee of the
Synod, respecting the money entrusted to our care by the General Assembly
of the Church of Scotland.
" Signed in behalf of the corporation by their president, secretary, and trea-
surer, viz : John Ewing, Francis Alison, William Humphreys."
Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next, to meet at ten o'clock in
the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.
1773.
Philadelphia, May 20th, 1772.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
JJhi i^ost preces sederunt
From the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. John Roan, John Strain, James
Hunt, Robert Cooper.
From the Presbytery of Lewestown : The Rev. John Miller, Matthew Wil-
son, Alexander Huston.
424 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1772.
From New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Smith, William McKennan,
Joseph Montgomeryj Joseph Smith, James Finley, William Fostcrj Josiuh
Lewis.
From the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Richard Treat, James
Sproat, John Rraiucrd, Andrew Hunter, James Boyd, Enoch Green, James
Watt.
From the second Philadelphia Presbytery: The Rev. Dr. Alison, John
Ewing, John Simonton.
From the New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. William Tennent, Elihu
Spencer, John Rosborough.
From the New York Presbytery : The Rev. Azariah Horton, Timothy
Jones, Jonathan Elmer, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Joseph Treat,
Azel Roe.
From the Suffolk Presbytery : The Rev. William Mills.
From the Dutchess county Presbytery: The Rev. Chauncey Graham.
Elders : Messrs. James Pearse, CI eorge Craighead, John Bayard, John Wil-
son, William Sterrett, Joseph Wilday, John Johnston, Robert Ogden, Aaron
Mattison, Ralph Hunt.
Ministers absent : Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Samuel Thompson, John
Hogg, Amos Thompson, John Slemmons, James Long, John King, Hugh
Vance, George Duffield, John Craighead.
Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Jacob Kerr.
New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. John Clark, Alexander McDowell,
John Carmichael, Sampson Smith, John McCreary, James Latta, John Wood-
hull.
First Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Nehemiah Greenman, Benjamin
Chesnutt, Charles Beatty, Alexander Mitchell.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. John Elder, Joseph Tate, John
Steel, Patrick Alison, Robert McMordie.
New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, Charles McKnight,
Thomas Smith, John Guild, James Lyon, Job Prudden, Jeremiah Halsey,
Alexander McClean, Israel Reed, John Hannah.
New York Presbytery : The Rev. Simon Horton, Dr. Rodgers, Jacob Green,
John Moffatt, Aaron Richards, John Darby, Hugh Knox, Benjamin Hait,
Benjamin Woodruff, Thomas Lewis, Nathan Kerr, Abuer Brush, Francis Pep-
pard, William WoodhuU, Jedidiah Chapman, Samuel Sacket, Alexander Miller,
Oliver Deeming, Jonathan Murdock.
Suffolk county Presbytery : The Rev. Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White,
James Brown, Samuel Buel, Benjamin Talmage, Benjamin Goldsmith, John
Close, Elam Potter, Sampson Occum, Joshua Hart.
Dutchess county Presbytery : The Rev. Elisha Kent, Samuel Dunlap, Ben-
jamin Strong, Solomon Mead, Eliphalet Ball, Wheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis,
Samuel Mills.
The whole Presbytery of Hanover.
And the whole Presbytery of Orange in North Carolina
The Synod was opened by a sermon from Luke xvii. 26, by the Rev. Mr.
McWhorter, the last year's moderator being dead.
Mr. Joseph Treat was chosen moderator, and Messrs. Spencer and Caldwell
clerks.
The reasons given by IMessrs Jones, Joseph Treat, Elmore, Rosborough,
Enoch Green, Watt, Finley, Wilson, Houston, Hunt, Mills, and Graham, for
their absence last year, were sustained.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that tlie Rev. Mr. William Ramsey
hath been removed by death, November r)th, 1771.
The New Castle Presbytery report, that they have ordained since last Synod,
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 425
Messrs. Thomas Read, James "Wilson, James Anderson, who being present took
their seats ; and that they have deposed Mr. John Beard.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. William
Schank, and Mr. Jacob Vanarsdalen, since the last Synod, who, being present,
.took their seats; also, that they have received the Rev. Mr. Alexander McClean,
recommended to them from Scotland.
Donegal Pi-esbytery report, that they have ordained since last Synod, Mr.
Hugh Vance, and licensed Mr. William Tom.
New York Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. John Blair hath been re-
moved by death, December 8th, 1771 ; and that they have ordained Mr. Amzi
Lewis since the last Synod.
Suffolk Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. Nehemiah Barker was removed
by death, March the 10th, 1772; and that they have ordained Mr. Joshua
Hart, and licensed Mr. John Blydenburgh since last Synod.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach as
a candidate, Mr. John McClean.
Dutchess County report, they have licensed Mr. David Close to preach as a
candidate ; and that the Rev. Mr. John Smith was removed by death, more
than a year ago ; and have received the Rev. Mr. Benjamin Strong, from the
Western Association of Fairfield county.
The Rev. Messrs. Israel Read, John Elder, Joseph Tate, and John Craig-
head, are now come, and gave sufficient reasons for not coming sooner.
Also, Mr. Thomas Walter, Mr. Simonton's elder, Mr. Robert Finney, Mr.
James Wilson's elder, and Mr. Philip Tanner, Mr. Finley's elder, are now
come.
Messrs. John Roan, Huston, Foster, Sproat, Tate, Yanarsdalen, Elmer,
Mills, and Graham, ministers, Messrs. Philip Tanner, Mattison, George
Craighead, and Finney, elders, are appointed the committee of overtures, to
meet here to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, and as often afterwards, by ad-
journment, as may be necessary.
Messrs. Matthew Wilson and Montgomery are appointed a committee to
examine the Presbytery book of Donegal.
Messrs. Ewing and Sproat to examine the book of the Lewestown Pres-
bytery.
Messrs. McWhorter and Robert Smith to examine the book of the first Phi-
ladelphia Presbytery.
Messrs. Strain and Roe to examine the book of the second Philadelphia
Presbytery.
The books of the other Presbyteries are not brought to Synod.
The Synod appoint as their commission for the ensuing year the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, James Sproat, Dr. Alison, John Ewing, Elihu Spen-
cer, William Tennent, Dr. Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, William Mills,
John Close, Solomon Mead, Ichabod Lewis, Robert Smith, Joseph Montgo-
mery, Matthew Wilson, John Miller, George Duffield, John Roan, with the
moderator, and Robert Ogden, John Bayard, John Johnson, Aaron Mattison,
elders, thirteen of whom to be a quorum ; but if the moderator should die, or
be absent, the first in order in the minute shall have power to call the commis-
sion and preside.
The Presbyteries of New Brunswick and Suffolk report, they have complied
with the order of last Synod by endeavouring to execute the plan of the lay
elders, &c.
The committee appointed to dispose of money in the hands of the treasurer
of New Jersey College, for the education of pious youth, report, that they met
and disposed of all the money due October last, except thirteen pounds.
Messrs. James Finley, Sampson Smith, Schank, Elam Potter, John Mc-
54
426 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1772.
Creary, fulfilled their appointments for supplies. Mr. Joseph Smith was sick,
and could not fulfil his.
Inquiry was made how far the several Presbyteries executed the plan recom-
mended to them last year for raising money to educate pious youth for the
ministry; and it appeared some Presbyteries had complied with the recommen-
dation, and others had not. It is again earnestly recommended to the several
Presbyteries to take the most convenient and expeditious methods to raise mo-
ney for the purposes aforesaid, and be ready to render an account to the next
Synod what they have done.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
21st day, nine 6'cloch A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederitnt qui supra.
(Witb the Rev. Messrs. George Duffield, Patrick Alison, Jeremiah Halsey,
John Hannah, Thomas Smith, John "Woodhuli : and John Boyd, "William
Clingan, William Patterson, James Lindsay, David AA^atson, elders.)
The Presbytery book of New Brunswick is brought in, Messrs. Jones and
Elmer are appointed to examine it.
Messrs. Duffield, Thomas Smith, and Hannah, their reasons for absence the
two last years sustained.
Mr. Halsey is now come, and his reason for not coming sooner is sus-
tained.
The Synod appoint as a committee for the present year to dispose of the
money in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey College, for the education
of pious youth, the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, the Rev. Messrs. William Ten-
nent, John Guild, Ewing, Elihu Spencer, James Caldwell, Jeremiah Halsey,
and Israel Reed, to attend at New Jersey College the third Wednesday of
August next.
The Synod taking into their serious consideration the low state of vital and
practical religion, the great prevalence of vice and infidelity in this laud in
general, and the manifold dispensations of Divine Providence which appear at
this time, loudly to call for her deep repentance and humiliation before God,
do recommend it in the most earnest manner to every Presbytery under their
care, to observe the first Thursday in August next, as a day of public fasting
and prayer, excepting such Presbyteries, or congregations, as may find an in-
convenience in observing that day, in which case it is recommended that they
appoint another day for the same purpose, as they judge convenient, hoping
that a gracious God may hear the united supplications of his people, and return
attain to visit this land with his fatherly blessings.
And the Synod for the future recommend to their several Presbyteries to
ao-ree upon days to be observed annually through their bounds, for public
thanksffiving, or fasting and prayer, as the dispensations of Divine Providence
may require.
The minutes of the last General Convention were laid before the Synod,
which were read; and as the next General Convention is to meet at Eliza-
bethtown the fourth Wednesday in September next, the Synod appoint as dele-
gates to attend upon that occasion, the Rev. Messrs. George Duffield, James
Hunt, John Miller, Joseph Montgomery, William Poster, John Carmichael,
Richard Treat, James Sproat, John Brainerd, Dr. Prancis Alison, John Ewing,
Dr. John Witherspoon, William Tennent, Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah Halsey,
Dr. John Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Joseph Treat, AVil-
liam Mills, Jolin Close, Samuel Mills, Ichabod Lewis.
The Synod entered upon the consideration of the business and powers of the
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 427
commission of Sjnod, and after considerable discourse upon the subject, tbey
appointed Messrs. Ewing and Montgomery to draw up an overture, and lay it
before the Synod on Saturday morning.
Messrs. John Steel, Robert McMordio, and Benjamin Chesnutt, are now
come, and their reasons for not coiuing sooner are sustained.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^cloch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
pi'eces sederunt qui supra.
The case referred to this Synod by the last, respecting marriage, came to be
considered, and after some time spent in the affair, it was deferred till to-mor-
row morning, and Messrs. McWhorter, Strain, Matthew AVilson, and George
Duffield, are appointed a committee to prepare a minute on the case, and bring
it in to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
22d day, nine o'cIocJc, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post j)'>"<^ces sederunt qui supra.
(With the Rev. Messrs. Benjamin Woodruff, John Close, Hugh Vance, and
John Slemmons, who gave sufficient reasons for not coming sooner ; also Mr.
Thomas Woodruff, an elder.)
The committee appointed yesterday upon the case respecting marriage,
brought in a minute, which after being corrected was approved, and is as
follows :
"After mature deliberation, the Synod declare their great dissatisfiiction
with all such marriages as are inconsistent with the Levitical law, which in
cases matrimonial we understand is the law of our nation, and that persons in-
termarrying in these prohibited degrees, are not only punishable by the laws of
the country, but ought to suffer the censures of the church; and further judge,
though the present case is not a direct violation of the express words of the
Levitical law, yet as it is contrary to the custom of protestant nations in gen-
eral, and an evidence of great untenderness, and so opposite to such precepts
of the gospel, as require Christians to avoid things of ill report and all ap-
pearance of evil, and what is offensive to the church, that the persons referred
to in this instance ought to be rebuked by the church session, and others warned
against such offensive conduct, and in case these persons submit to such rebuke
and are in other respects regular professors, that they be not debarred of Chris-
tian privileges."
And Mr. Hunter is ordered to read this minute publicly in his congregation,
•where the persons live referred to in the above case.
The Synod order every Presbytery to procure copies of the regulations and
tei'ms of admission into the widows' fund, entered upon our minutes last year,
and to enter them upon their Presbytery books, and read them to every new
member which shall be admitted into the Presbytery.
The Synod appoint for their committee to dispose of money in the hands of
the corporation for the widows' fund, Messrs. Spencer, McWhorter, Montgo-
mery, Sproat, and Caldwell, to meet when and at such times as they may judge
convenient.
Mr. Brainerd's Indian school appears to have been successfully continued since
our last Synod, six months, for which it is agreed to allow him fifteen pounds.
And we further desire him to continue the school this year at the expense of
the Synod, and we appoint Messrs. Spencer, Hunter, and Green, to visit the
school twice before next Synod, or oftener if convenient.
428 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1772.
It appeared also to the Synod, that Mr. Brainerd had very fully complied
with the order of last Synod in supplying the numerous vacancies in his
neighbourhood, therefore the treasurer, agreeably to the order of last year, is
directed to pay him twenty pounds. Ordered also, that Mr. Brainerd receive
for the ensuing year the sum of eighteen pounds, being the interest of the mo-
ney in the hands of the treasurer of the College of New Jersey for the support
of an Indian mission.
The Synod finding the money collected some years ago for defraying the ex-
pense attending the missions appointed on our frontiers, is nearly expended,
agree to have a collection this year through their bounds upon the same plan
with the former. And as it is judged it might be useful to extend this public
charity to purchase such religious books as the Synod may approve of, to be
given to poor congregations; the following members are appointed to consider
this matter, and bring in an overture to be subjected to the Synod as soon as
they conveniently can, viz : Messrs. McWhorter, Montgomery, and Ogden.
Mr. George Brown, Mr. Duffield's elder, is now come.
Ordered, That the several Presbyteries be ready on Monday morning to ren-
der an account of subscriptions obtained for New Jersey college, agreeably to
the order of last year.
The minutes were called for from the committee of overtures.
A petition was presented from Mr. Samuel Eakin, praying to have the sus-
pension from the exercise of his ministry, which was laid upon him by the
last Synod, taken off. The consideration of the petition is deferred till the
afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
TJiree dclocJc, P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Uhl
•post preces sederunt qui siipra.
("With Dr. Witherspoon and Mr. Alexander McDowell.)
The consideration of Mr. Eakin's petition was resumed, and after much de-
liberation upon it, and every member being required to speak in the order of
the roll, the final discussion of it was deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
23c? day, nine d'clocJc. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Ewing and Montgomery, agreeably to order, brought in an overture
to state the business and powers of the commission of Synod, which was con-
sidered, and upon a vote was rejected.
The consideration of Mr. Eakin's petition resumed; and after mature deli-
beration, it was voted and carried by a large majority, that he should be re-
stored to the work of the ministry for one year, under the particular care of
the New Castle Presbytery; and JMr. McDowell is appointed to give him a
solemn exhortation with respect to his future conduct.
Mr. Eakin was called in, and having received the exhortation, takes his scat
as a member of Synod.
The treasurer for the Synod laid his accounts before us, which were ap-
proved, and there appeared to be a balance in his hands of forty-one pounds,
thirteen shillings and eleven pence half penny, and he is ordered to print two
hundred copies of said account.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 429
Three o'clock, P. M. The S>/nod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Craighead, Matthew Wilson, Joseph Smith, Anderson,
Latta, Richard Treat, Boyd, Spencer, Woodruff, and Mills, with the mode-
- rator, who had leave of absence, and Mr. McWhorter was desired to take the
chair.)
A petition came in by the committee of overtures from Mr. John Beard,
praying a relief from the judgment of the New Castle Presbytery, whereby he
was deposed from the exercise of the gospel ministry, in which he desires the
Synod would consider the matter, though he cannot be present. Mr. Beard's
petition and other papers which he desired to be communicated were read, also
the minutes of the Presbytery, respecting his trial; and after hearing the
Presbytery, and duly considering the petition, we do unanimously approve of
the judgment of the Presbytery.
A reference from the Presbytery of New Castle inquiring whether marrying
by license be lawful, was brought in and read, which was dismissed.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
25;A day, nine dcloch. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
2)reces sedei-unt qui supra.
(With the Rev. Jacob Kerr, who is now come and gave reasons, which
were sustained, for not coming sooner, and for his absence for several years
past.)
The committee appointed last Friday to draw up an overture with respect to
the general collection and the distribution of books, brought one in, which after
correction is as follows :
" 1. That the Synod recommend a general collection in all the churches
under their care.
" 2. That the Synod write a pastoral letter, in which they shall return
thanks to their several congregations for their former generosity, and solicit
their future favours.
" 3. That the Synod particularly desire the charity of the public for those
purposes, viz : For defraying the expenses of sending missionaries to the fron-
tiers, and such other places as are unable to support the gospel ; for purchasino-
useful books to distribute in said places under the direction of committees to be
appointed for that purpose ; for propagating Christian knowledge among the
Indians ; and for such other pious uses as may occur from time to time."
The following books were proposed and agreed to be procured and distri-
buted, viz : Bibles, Westminster Confessions of Faith, small edition of Vin-
cent's Catechism, Doddridge's Rise and Progress of Religion, A Compassionate
Address to the Christian World, Allein's Alarm to the Unconverted, Dr. Watts's
Divine Songs for Children, and the Assembly's Catechism.
And for the purpose of procuring and distributing those books we appoint
for a committee at Philadelphia, Dr. Alison, Mr. Sproat, Mr. Montgomery,
Mr. Bayard, and Mr. Jonathan Smith ; and at New York, Dr. Rodgers, Mr.
Treat, Mr. McWhorter, Mr. Caldwell, Mr. Y. B. Livingston, and Mr. Robert
Ogden. And the committees are restricted not to lay out this year above ten
pounds pro. currency each for the purposes aforesaid. But if any well disposed
persons will send the committees books or pamphlets which they judo-e will
answer the intention of the Synod to promote Christian knowledge, they are
desired to distribute these also.
The committee then laid before us the draught of a pastoral letter, which, as
corrected, was approved, and is as follows :
430 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1772.
''Dearly Beloved — We take this method in our public capacity as convened
in the general Synod, to return you our thanks for the readiness with which
you concurred in our application to you in the year 17G6, for the pious purposes
then mentioned, and we trust the accounts we have from time to time trans-
mitted to you of the manner in which your contributions were laid out, and the
salutary effects which arose from the distribution of them, have not f;iiled of giv-
ing you due satisfaction. These contributions being nearly expended, we again
solicit your charity, not only for the important purposes before mentioned, but
for the further design of purchasing and distributing religious books in such
places, and among such people, as are destitute of the ordinary means of instruc-
tion by the regular preaching of the gospel. We apprehend little need be said
to recommend this last object to your countenance. The success which hath
attended schemes of the same kind for spreading Christian knowledge in other
parts of the world, and the very peculiar state of some parts of our country and
the poor people under our care, render this undertaking at the present juncture
both promising and necessary.
" We think it our duty, at the same time, to call upon you to bewail the de-
clension of vital religion ; and while we remind you of your many civil and re-
ligious privileges — of the blessings of peace and ample security in the posses-
sion of all the sacred rights of conscience, together with the faithful ministry
of the gospel, which you have long enjoyed, we earnestly pray that you would
not provoke God to deprive you of them, but to take warning by the judg-
ments which he inflicted upon his unfruitful churches of Asia, Africa, and
Rome, lest he remove your candlesticks out of their places. We therefore re-
commend to you frequent and fervent addresses to the throne of Almighty God
for the Holy Spirit to be sent down upon his churches. This alone will lead
you in the way of truth and life, and render our labours for your comfort and
edification effectual.
" We recommend likewise a steadfast regard to the pure and simple doctrines
of the gospel, which have been the powerful means in all ages of enlightening
and reforming the world. And therefore we earnestly beseech you not to be
carried away by any opinions, however specious, which are not founded iipon
the Scriptures, but in all things which relate to doctrine and practice to be
strictly guided by those sacred oracles of truth.
"We recommend further, that you would cultivate that spirit of love and
Christian union among one another which is so frequently enjoined by the gos-
pel of our Lord Jesus Christ, that it may appear to the world that you are not
only one body, but of one mind. We exhort you in a particular manner to
diligence and faithfulness in instructing your children and servants in the doc-
trine of the Holy Scriptures, an excellent summary of which is contained in the
Westminster Confession of Faith, larger and lesser catechisms.
"In the last place, we recommend to you a punctual attendance upon all the
public ordinances of religion, and earnestly request that you would strive to
promote that regard for the Sabbath — that reverence for the holy name of God
— that temperance, sobriety, chastity, charity, humility, decency, and universal
benevolence and love, which are so essential to Christianity, and so strongly
inculcated in every part of the word of God. Finally, brethren, pray for us,
be perfect, be of good comfort, be of one mind, live in peace, and the God of
love and peace shall be with you."
Mr. iMontgomery is desired to have three hundred copies of this letter printed
and given to the several Presbyteries before the Synod breaks up.
Mrs. Jane Tennent brought in an appeal from the judgment of the first Phila-
delphia Presbytery, which was read, and after liearing her and the Presbytery,
the Synod confirm the judgment of the Presbytery. And further judge, that
however deficient the certificate was which was given to the said Mrs. Tennent
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 431
by the session of the second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, yet if she
produces sufficient certificates from the other places where she has resided since
her marriage with the Eev. Mr. Charles Tennent, at which time she removed
from the church in Philadelphia, that then she may be received into communion
with the church where she resides.
Adjourned till three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cloch, P. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
With the members who had leave of absence on Saturday last, who are now
returned, and Mr. Treat again took the chair.
Mr. Robert Finney and William Clingan have leave of absence.
An appeal was brought in by the third Presbyterian Church in Philadel-
phia, from a judgment of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, which, with the
judgment of the Presbytery, was read, and after the Presbytery was heard in
part,
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
IQth day, nine o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed in hearing the appeal entered upon yesterday.
The Presbytery proceeded further in the defence of their judgment, and after
both parties were fully heard, the Synod adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the appeal resumed ; and after much deliberation upon
the subject, it was voted, affirm or reverse the judgment of the Presbytery, and
it was carried reverse, by a large majority.
Mr. McDowell, Mr. Matthew Wilson, Mr. Miller, and Mr. Latta, desired
liberty to enter their dissent from the judgment, which was granted, and they
are to bring in their reasons to-morrow morning. It was then voted, whether
the third Preshytci-ian congregation of Philadelphia have liberty to prosecute
their call for Mr. Duffield, before the Presbytery of Donegal, which was carried
by a large majority that they have.
Mr. Chauncy Graham and Mr. Eakin have liberty to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock.
Concluded with prayer.
0,1 th day, nine o'cloch, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
jireces sederunt qui swpra.
With the Rev. Mr. Charles McKnight, who gave sufficient reasons for not
coming sooner.
An appeal was brought in by the congregation of St. George's and the Forest,
from a judgment of the Presbytery of New Castle, August last, which affected
said congregations. After the parties were fully heard, and withdrawn, and
the Synod had maturely deliberated upon the affair, it was moved that a com-
mittee be appointed to draw up a minute to express the sense of the Synod
relative to the whole matter. It was also moved that it be voted, reverse or
affirm the judgment of the Presbytery. The previous question was then put,
which of these should be the state of the vote, and the former was carried, and
432 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1772.
accordingly Mr. Miller, Mr. McWhorter, and Mr. Bayard, were appointed a
committee for that purpose.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. the Synod met accordhvj to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui siipra.
Petitions were presented for supplies ; one in behalf of Long Canes, Rocky
Creek, and places adjacent, in South Carolina; another from the inhabitants
near Monongahela and Youghiogeny ; another from the Forks of James River,
Virginia, and one from the head of Christina Creek, for supplies in the absence
of Mr. McCrcary, who was sent to Carolina by the Synod, and by sickness is
prevented returning.
Mr. George Craighead had leave to go home.
A call was put into the Synod from the Long Canes, for Mr. Joseph Smith,
which was given to the Presbytery of New Castle, to present to him.
Mr. Elmer was proposed for the southern mission, and he chose to consider
of it till to-morrow.
The Presbytery of Donegal are appointed to send cither Mr. Craighead or
Mr. King, to Monongahela, and places adjacent, to supply as long as they con-
veniently can.
Mr. Robert McMordic is appointed to Virginia, and the Carolinas, for sis
months.
The Presbytery of New Castle inform the Synod, it is probable they will
have a candidate this summer, who they think may conveniently spend some
time at Monongahela, and places adjacent, and the Forks of James' River.
The Presbytery is ordered, if that should be the case, to send him to those
places.
Mr. Sampson Smith is appointed to supply two months on the South Branch
of Potomac.
The Presbytery of New Castle are directed to appoint the above candidate
two months at the Forks of James' River.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery inform us, it is probable they will have two
candidates whom they can send this summer to Virginia and the Carolinas.
The Presbytery is ordered, accordingly, to send them as soon as they judge it
expedient.
The Rev. Joshua Hart, of Suffolk Presbytery, is appointed to Virginia and
the Carolinas, for six mouths, and as much longer as he can conveniently.
A remonstrance from the first Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, relating
to the judgment of the Synod passed yesterday with respect to the appeal from
the third Presbyterian Church, was brought in and read, and ordered a second
reading to-morrow morning.
A petition was presented by Mr. Robert Taylor, signed by sundry members
of Cedar Spring and Tuscarora congregations, praying that those congregations
should be set off from under the care of Donegal I'resbytery, and put under
some other. And after due consideration, the prayer of the petition was denied,
by a nearly unanimous vote.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2'^th day, nine o'cIocJc. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
prcces sederunt qui supra.
(Excepting Mr. Schank, who went home without asking liberty.)
Mr. Elmer informs the Synod he is still unable to determine with any cer-
tainty whether he can undertake the southern mission, but engages to go if
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 433
he can make it convenient, and lie is accordingly appointed if that should be
the case.
Messrs. McDowell, Matthew Wilson, and Latta, brought in the reasons of
their dissent from the judgment, with respect to the third Presbyterian Church
in this city, which are as follows :
"We enter our dissent from the two votes of the Synod, reversing the judg-
'ment of the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, and giving a liberty to the peo-
ple, who call themselves the congregation of Pine-street, to prosecute a call in
the Presbytery of Donegal, for these reasons following, among others:
"1. Because we apprehend that a vote forwarding a call to any minister of
the gospel, without any concurrence of the eldership, and much more in oppo-
sition to their solemn caution, a call that was voted when not half the people
of Pine-street were present, the session, and others, in the mean time objecting
against it, is indeed among us a new mode of proceeding, that might introduce
a dangerous precedent, and cause anarchy and confusion, and occasion endless
appeals from turbulent and factious parties and persons.
"2. Because the votes referred to, though in appearance against the judg-
ment of Presbytery only, yet take in and decide the cause of the commissioners
of Market-street congregation, without giving them a fair hearing, contrary to
assurance from the Synod.
" 3. Because these votes do, as far as the Synod could, destroy a solemn and
express stipulation, entered in the united congregation of Market and Pine
street, first proposed by their own committee, as appears by their records before
us, then prepared with deliberation, and publicly read in, and approved by, the
congregation convened for that purpose, on notice fi-om the pulpit, which stipu-
lation, whatever was pretended to the contrary, must either have been the first,
and authentic, or superseded whatever was before it. This authentic contract,
we apprehend, it is not in the power of the Synod either to dispense with, or
violate. This strange judgment seemed to be chiefly founded on the erroneous
supposition that the stipulations gave one society domination over the other,
whereas it appears to be agreed that the ministers of both houses should preach
in rotation, and be equally chosen by a majority of both.
"4. Because these votes are directly the reverse of what the Synod judged
in a similar case of New Castle and Christina congregations, where the diffi-
culties wei-e not so great as in the present case, which we think appears evi-
dently partial.
" 5. Because the votes referred to were hurried on precipitately, and in a
way not usual here, occasioning some confusion, and plainly calculated to stop
further reasoning, when the greater part of the members were not heard on
the subject.
'♦ 6. Finally, because these votes which we dissent from, carried in such a
manner, evidently tend to injure the civil property of the people of Market-
street ; to take away their house, which they evidently begun and carried on at
a vast expense, without any reparation, or otherwise force them into lawsuits,
kindle the flames of discord, and unnecessarily destroy the peace of the Presby-
terian churches in this city.
Alexander McDowell, Matthew Wilson, James Latta."
And Dr. Witherspoon and Mr. Richard Treat are appointed a committee to
consider those reasons, and if thought necessary to draw up an answer to
them, to be laid before the Synod.
In a reference to the above paper of reasons of dissent, the Synod observe
that although their brethren, who signed that paper, have a right to offer their
own reasons in their own words, yet the Synod does claim it as their privilege
to say, that the brethren have proceeded upon a mistaken view of facts, and
have misrepresented the same, particularly in respect to the dissolving solemu
55
434 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1772.
contracts, and determining civil property, both which the Synod disavow, and
do think there is no need of any further remark thereupon.
The Presbytery book of Lewestown was revised and approved.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick inform the Synod they have two candi-
dates, Mr. Simpson and Mr. WaUacc, who probably can go to Virginia and the
Carolinas, in the fall. The Synod accordingly appoint these candidates to sup-
ply six months, and as much more as they can conveniently,
- Mr. Simonton has leave to go home.
The several Presbytei-ies were called to render an account agreeably to the
order of last year, of the subscriptions for the New Jersey College, and Mr.
Halsey was appointed to receive their reports; but finding only Donegal and
New Brunswick Presbyteries were prepared to render them, the others are di-
rected to send explicit accounts, according to the order of last year, to Mr.
Halsey before September next, that he may lay the whole account before the
trustees of said college.
The committee appointed yesterday morning to draw up a minute with re-
spect to the appeal of the Forest congregation from a judgment of the New
Castle Presbytery, brought in the following, which, as amended, was approved,
and is as follows :
'^ The Synod judge that the Forest congregation have an undoubted right to
a copy of whatever papers relate to their congregational aifairs, as united with
St. (xeorge's; that it is reasonable the people of St. George's should adjust
the accounts respecting the glebe money, with the Forest congregation, let
them know their dividend thereof, according to the line mentioned in their
subscription paper, and allow them their share of all the advantages that have
accrued from their common stock, in proportion to their subscriptions ; never-
theless the money to continue in the hands of the present trustees until the
Forest congregation are erected into a separate society, and have a minister
settled among them ; that the Forest people complete the line as agreed to
between them and St. George's ; that as there are yet some of the Forest peo-
ple who still pay rent for pews at St. George's, it is but equitable that the
members of the latter, possessing pews in the Forest church, should do the
same there, in order that the Forest people may be able to ascertain what pro-
portion they should have of a minister's labours among them, while they con-
tinue united with St. George's. And if there arise any dispute about civil
property, the Synod recommend it to them to choose suitable arbiters to settle
the same between them. Upon the whole, the Synod do earnestly recom-
mend that they should all cultivate the strictest harmony with each other, and
study the things that make for peace and tend to promote their mutual
edification."
The remonstrance of the first Presbyterian church in this city, was read a
second time, and the committee who brought it in were heard, and after some
time and discourse they reduced to writing their request, which is as follows :
" The members of Market street church being informed that the reverend
Synod have been pleased to reverse a late judgment of the Presbytery relating
to the call of the Rev. Mr. Duffield to their church in Pine street, by which
they are like to be affected in some of their most important interests, desire a
clear and explicit answer in writing to the following questions : First, whether
they are to understand the judgment of the reverend Synod, touching this matter,
to be final, and whether the members of said church are hereby precluded from
any further hearing in it. Second question, whether the call of the Rev.
Mr. Duffield is to their church in Pine street as a minister to officiate in
that house, and whether the reverend Synod approve of his being called to
officiate there."
After these questions were duly considered, the following answer was voted :
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 435
" Gentlemen : I am ordered by the Synod to signify tliat they reckon their
minutes a sufficient answer to both the within questions, and they recommend
to both parties if they have any disputes upon temporal property, not to go to
law, but to refer their differences to the decision of arbiters mutually chosen.
'' Signed by the clerk."
- Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sede-
runt qui sxipra.
The Presbytery of Donegal expressing some uneasiness with the late con-
duct of the second Philadelphia Presbytery respecting Mr. Kennedy, the Synod
agreed to hear the cause by way of free conference, and all parties having been
fully heard, they came to the following conclusion.
That as Mr. Kennedy was not under the particular care of any Presbytery
when he came into the bounds of Donegal Presbytery, he ought while he
preached there to have been under their care, and accountable to them for his
conduct; that the uneasiness with the conduct of the second Philadelphia Pres-
bytery, arose for want of a proper information concerning it, and that Mr. Ken-
nedy be ordered to put himself immediately under the care of the Donegal
Presbytery until they shall have proper time to hear and determine any com-
plaints made against him in those parts.
The Presbytery of New Castle expressing some uneasiness at the conduct of
the second Philadelj)hia Presbytery for having received and licensed a certain
Mr. John McClean, who they apprehend most properly belonged to the Pres-
bytery of New Castle, and had applied to them to be licensed ; and while they
were taking the proper steps for obtaining more full satisfaction concerning his
church membership and Christian character, he, in the mean time, removed
from them and applied to the second Philadelphia Presbytery, and was licensed
by them; both the Presbyteries were fully heard in a free conference on this
subject, and withdrew. The Synod, after mature deliberation, order Mr.
McClean to be* cited before the Presbytery of New Castle, with power to them
to hear the charges against him and issue the affair in a regular manner,
and report to the next meeting of Synod. And the Synod do prohibit the
second Philadelphia Presbytery from employing him to preach till the affair
shall be concluded.
A petition from the members of the session of the third Presbyterian church
in this city, asking advice of this Synod with respect to the execution of their
office, in consequence of the judgment of the -Synod respecting that church,
after it was duly considered they returned the following answer, viz : The
Synod advise them to continue to act as elders, but in case they cannot consis-
tently with what they apprehend to be their duty, continue as such, and act
upon the decisions of Synod, that they may resign their office, and the congre-
gation proceed to choose other elders who may have freedom to act according to
the determinations of the Synod.
In answer to the petition for supplies from Christiana and White Clay creek,
we appoint to supply there Dr. Alison the first Sabbath in June, Mr. Hunter
the third ; jMr. Thomas Read the first Sabbath in July, Mr. Simonton the
third ; Mr. Green the first Sabbath in August, Mr. Boyd the third, and Mr.
John Simpson the fifth.
Overtured, whether the state of the Presbyteries belonging to this Synod is
such as contributes most to the interest of religion and the honour of this body.
Deferred till next year.
Liberty was asked for ordaining Mr. Daniel Jones, whose state of health
43G MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1773
seems to make it necessary he should take a voyage to sea; tliis was referred to
the Presbytery to which he belongs.
Answers to several questions proposed by a committee of the Synod to the
Associate Presbytery were brought in ; but as the Synod had not time to read
them they refer the consideration of them to the following committee, Dr.
Witherspoon, Dr. llodgers, Messrs. McWhorter, Joseph Treat, AVilliam Mills,
Caldwell, and Halsey, who are to meet the sixteenth of June at Elizabeth-
town.
Mr. Sproat is appointed stated clerk to the Synod, to transcribe the minutes
and preserve the papers belonging to it, who is ordered to give proper certifi-
cates to those appointed upon distant missions.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet in the first Pres-
byterian church in this city, at ten o'clock, A. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1773.
Philadelphia, May 19^7i, 1773.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
ITbi post preces sederunt
From the Dutchess county Presbytery : The Rev. Ichabod Lewis.
From the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Azariah Horton, Alexander
McWhorter, James Caldwell, Joseph Treat, Aaron Richards, Benjamin Hait,
Jonathan Murdoch, Dr. Rodgers.
From the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah
Halsey, William Schanck, Jacob Vanarsdalen, and Dr. Witherspoon.
From the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Richard Treat, James
Sproat, John Brainerd, Andrew Hunter, James Boyd, James Watt, Benjamin
Chesnutt, Alexander Mitchell.
From the second Philadelphia Presbytery: Dr. Alison, and the Rev. John
Ewing, John Simonton, John Elder, Joseph Tate, and Patrick Alison.
From the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Joseph Montgomery, William
Foster, James Wilson, James Anderson, Samuel Eakin, John Carmichael, James
Latta.
From the Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. John IMiller.
From the Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. John Roan, John Strain, John
Craighead, Hugh Vance, Robert Cooper, John King.
Elders : Messrs. James Edgar, Thomas Beard, William Clark, Matthias Boyd,
George Curry, Benjamin Branon, John McCalla, Thomas Reeve, Abraham Van-
middlesworth, John Johnson, James Jackson, William Peartrce Smith, Esq'r.
Thomas Waters, Garret Noel, John Smilic.
Ministers absent : Of Dutchess county Presbytery : The Rev. Chancey Gra-
ham, Eli.sha Kent, Samuel Dunlap, Benjamin Strong, Solomon 3Iead, Eliphalet
Ball, Wheeler Case, and Samuel Mills.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Timothy Jones, Jonathan Elmer,
Azel Roe, Benjamin Woodruff", Simon Horton, Jacob Green, John iMoifat,
Hugh Knox, Thomas Lewis, Nathan Kerr, Abner Brush, William Wood-
hull, Jedidiah Chapman, Samuel Sacket, Alexander Miller, Oliver Deeming,
Amzi Lewis.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Tlie Rev. William Tennent, John Ros-
borough, Israel Reed, John Hannah, Thomas Smith, Charles 3IcKnight, John
Guild, James Lyon, Job Prudden, Francis Peppard.
Of first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Enoch Green, Nehemiah Green-
man.
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 437
Of second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Robert McMordie and John
' Steel.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Smith, William McCannon,
Joseph Smith, James Fmley, Josiah Lewis, Thomas Read, John Woodhull,
Alexander McDowell, John Clark, Sampson Smith, John McCreary.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Matthew Wilson, Alexander Huston,
Jacob Kerr.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. James Hunt, John Slemmons, Samuel
Thomson, John Hogg, Amos Thomson, James Long.
Absent, the whole Pi-esbyteries of Hanover, Orange, and Suffolk counties.
The Rev. Mr. Joseph Treat opened the Synod by a sermon from 1 Cor.
iv. 2.
Mr. Sproat was chosen moderator, Messrs. Spencer and Caldwell clerks.
Dutchess county Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. David Close
since the last Synod.
New York Presbytery report, Mr. John Darby has withdrawn from their
Presbytery.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, they have licensed Mr. Caleb Wallace
to preach as a candidate ; and that Mr. Alexander McClane is dismissed from
them and removed from the bounds of the Synod.
First Philadelphia Presbytery report, the Rev. Mr. Charles Beatty was re-
moved by death on the thirteenth of August last, and that they have licensed
to preach as candidates Mr. Daniel McCalla and Mr. William Hollingshead.
The Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, they have received the Rev. Mr.
Hugh McGill from L-eland. But it being objected that he was suspended
from his ministry in Ireland by the Associate Presbytery, of which he had
been a minister, which was confessed by himself; and the second Philadelphia
Presbytery not appearing to us to have had sufficient evidence of the grounds
of that suspension, thus virtually to reverse it, nor otherwise to have received
satisfactory testimonials in his favour, the Synod therefore reverse that part of
the judgment of the Presbytery by which he was received.
New Castle Presbytery report, they have licensed Messrs. Samuel Stan-
hope Smith, Nathaniel Irwin, Robert Davidson, Samuel Dougal, and James
Power.
Donegal Presbytery report, they have ordained Mr. William Thom and
licensed Mr. Thomas McFerrin, and received the Rev. Mr. Robert Huey from
the Presbytery of Derry in Ireland, and the Rev. Messrs. David Maclure and
Levi Frisby from New England. But it appearing to the Synod that these
two last mentioned were under the direction of the board of correspondents
from the society of Scotland and appointed to an Indian Mission, and are not
dismissed from the ecclesiastical council by which they were ordained in New
England, the Synod reverse the judgment of the Presbytery receiving them
into full membership, but approve of their taking them under their care while
they are labouring occasionally in the bounds of the Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2()th day, nine o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
jpreces sederunt qui supra.
(With Robert Smith, Charles McKnight, John Slemmons, Joseph Smith,
ministers; and Mr. Robert Armour, elder.)
It was moved that the dismission or reception of members and candidates be
made matter of report by our several Presbyteries, which was agreed to.
In consequence of which the Presbytery of New York report, they had dis-
missed Mr. Francis Peppard to the Presbytery of New Brunswick, and the
438 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773.
Presbytery of New Brunswick report, they have received hiin, and that they
have dismissed Mr. Caleb AVaUace to join one of the southern Presbyteries in
the bounds of which he may labour.
The Presbytery of Donegall report, they have dismissed Mr. George Duffield,
who had accepted a call to a congregation under the care of the second Phila-
delphia Presbytery.
The Rev. Mr. William Stuart produced a certificate and recommendation
from the Presbytery of Perry in Ireland, of which he had been a member, and
as he proposes to travel to the southern provinces, he desired the Synod would
give him such recommendation as they might judge expedient, without his being
considered as a member, which he does not yet choose till he can determine the
place of his settlement.
Dr. Withcrspoon, ]\Ir. Miller, Mr. Latta, and Dr. Podgers, are appointed to
converse with Mr. Stuart and make report to the Synod.
Messrs. Lewis, Hait, Joseph Treat, Richards, Halsey, McKnight, Hunter,
Chesnutt, Patrick Alison, Simonton, Foster, Latta, Miller, Roan, Craighead,
William Clark, James Jackson, and John McCalla, are appointed a committee
of overtures, to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and as often after-
wards by adjournment as they may judge expedient.
Mr. Montgomery and ]Mr. Patrick Alison are appointed a committee to ex-
amine the New York Presbytery book.
Dr. Rodgers and Mr. Robert Smith to examine the Presbytery book of New
Brunswick.
Mr. Ewing and 3Ir. Tate to examine the book of the first Philadelphia Pres-
bytery.
Mr. Joseph Treat and Mr. Foster to examine the second Philadelphia Pres-
bytery book.
Mr. Cooper and Mr. King to examine the Presbytery book of New
Castle.
The other Presbytery books are not brought in.
The Synod appoint as their commission for the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, John Ewing, Elihu Spencer, William
Tennent, Dr. Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, William Mills, John Close,
Solomon Mead, Ichabod Lewis, Robert Smith, Josej^h Montgomery, Matthew
Wilson, John Miller, George Duffield, John Roan, with the moderator ; and
Messrs. William Peartree Smith, John McCalla, Garret Noel, John Johnson,
James Jackson, and William Clark, elders; thirteen of whom to be a quorum,
to be called by the moderator; but if the moderator should die, or be absent,
the first in order in the minute shall have jjower to call the commission and
preside.
Incjuiry being made at the several Presbyteries, how far they had complied
with the recommendation of the Synod in raising money for the education
of poor pious youth, it was found the Presbyteries of New York, New
Brunswick, and the members of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, had
complied fully, and had several young men at education ; some of the other
Presbyteries have done something, but have not answered the design of the
Synod. They are now ordered to prosecute this important plan, as speedily as
possible, and be ready to make a particular report to tlie next Synod.
The committee appointed to dispose of money in the hands of the treasurer
of the College of New Jersey, for poor and pious youth, report, they met ac-
cording to appointment, and disposed of the money in hand last year. And
the Synod appoint for a committee to dispose of such money as shall be due
October next. Dr. Withcrspoon, Messrs. Tennent, (luild, Ewing, Spencer, Cald-
well; Halsey, Richard Treat, Israel Read, McWhorter, any three of whom to
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 439
be a quorum, to attend at New Jersey College the third Wednesday of August
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
(With Messrs. Matthew Wilson, William Thorn, Alexander McDowell,
and Kobert Huey, ministers; and Messrs. William Denny, and Anthony Tate,
elders.) j i
The Presbytery of Donegal complied with the appointment of last year, to
supply Monongahela. The Presbytery of New Castle did the same.
Mr. McMordie complied with his appointment and went to Carolina.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia found it inexpedient to send the can-
didates to Carolina, which they mentioned last year.
Mr. Joshua Hart of Suifolk Presbytery, did not comply with the appoint-
ment of the Synod last year to go to Carolina.
Mr. Schank gave sufficient reasons for leaving the Synod last year without
IGRVG.
Mr. Elmer did not comply with the appointment of Synod last year.
Mr. Simpson complied with the appointment of the last Synod, and supplied
seven months in the southern provinces.
Mr. Wallace was providentially prevented going according to his appoint-
ment. ^ ^^
3Ir. John McClean did not attend the Presbytery of New Castle accordin^^ to
the appointment of last Synod, to answer the charges exhibited ao-ainst°his
moral character, but hath gone to Carolina, and is preaching contrary to order,
and under the pretence of being a candidate in reijular standing with one of our
Presbyteries. The Synod is also informed, that Mr. John Beard, who was de-
posed trom the work of the ministry, is also preaching in Carolina.
Mr. Montgomery and Mr. Caldwell are appointed to bring in a draught of
a letter to the Presbyteries of Hanover, in Virginia, and Orange, in Carolina,
with respect to these gentlemen. And as we are informed," Mr McCleau
shows a certificate signed with Mr. Tate's name as clerk to a committee of
the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, which Mr. Tate says is foro-ed • he is
therefore desired to write to the Presbytery aforesaid to inform them' of the
imposition.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
21st day. Nine o clock. The Synod met according to adjoxmimeyit.
Post preces sederunt qui sujira.
(With the Picv. Mr. Thomas Read.)
_ Mr. Brainerd reports the Indian school under his care has not been con-
tinued the last year, he not being able to obtain a proper master, but that he
had as often as consistent with his other business, attended to the instruction
of the children.
_ And he further reports, that he preaches in seven places, besides the two In-
dian societies under his special care. For these services the Synod allow Mr.
Brainerd twenty-five pounds. Ordered, that the treasurer pay the same.
Mr. Brainerd is also allowed the eighteen pounds, interest of money in the
hands of the trustees of New Jersey College, for an Indian mission.
Agreed that the treasurer for the Synod, for the future give bond to three
members, chosen by the Synod, for all the money in his hands, and that he
allow for it three per cent, per annum interest.
440 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1778.
The Synod then made choice of Dr. Witherspoon for their treasurer, and
Dr. Alison, Mr. Richard Treat, and Mr. Sproat, are directed to take a proper
bond from Dr. Withcrspoon for the money which shall be in his hands at the
end of this session of Synod, payable to them in one year for the use of the
Synod.
And Mr. Treat, our late treasurer, is ordered to pay to Dr. "Witherspoon the
money now in his hands belonging to the Synod.
Messrs. IMontgomery and Caldwell brought in a draught of a letter to the
Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange, according to the order of yesterday, which
was approved of.
Ordered, That the clerks make out fair copies of said letter, and that the
moderator sign them, and send one copy to each Presbytery aforesaid, as soon
as possible.
The stated clerk is ordered to record this letter in the Appendix.
The minutes of the last General Convention were brought by Dr. Rodgers,
their stated register, and read ; and as the convention is to meet again at Stan-
ford, in Connecticut, the first Wednesday in September next, at eleven o'clock,
we appoint to attend there, and to act as members from the Synod, the Rev.
Dr. Francis Alison, Dr. John Witherspoon, Dr. John Rodgers, Andrew Hunter,
Elihu Spencer, John Brainerd, Benjamin Hait, John Ewing, Benjamin Ches-
nutt, Joseph ^Montgomery, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Joseph
Treat, John Carmichael, William Mills, John Close, Jeremiah Halse}', Samuel
Mills, and Ichabod Lewis ; and Dr. Witherspoon to open the convention
with a sermon, but in case he should fail, Mr. McWhorter is appointed in his
room.
The committee appointed in behalf of the Synod to dispose of money in the
hands of the corporation of the widows' fund, read their minutes before the
Synod, which were approved ; and we appoint as a committee for the same pur-
pose this year, Messrs. Spencer, Sproat, Montgomery, McWhorter, and Cald-
well, to meet to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, at Mr. Sproat' s, and as often
afterwards as expedient.
Mr. Samuel Eakin being by last Synod restored to the exercise of his min-
istry for one year, and put under the particular care of New Castle Presbytery,
the Presbytery was now called upon, and reports as follows :
" That immediately after the last session of Synod they received the Rev.
Samuel Eakin under their care, and since that time he has laboured in the
work of the ministry, at their direction, and that he has behaved himself in a
becoming and regular manner as far as is known tp them."
The Synod hoping the censures inflicted upon Mr. Eakin have had their
proper influence, and that from his conduct the year past, his repentance is
sincere, do therefore now fully restore him to the exercise of the ministry ;
and do earnestly recommend to him the greatest humility, circumspection,
and meekness, through the remaining part of his life. And as Mr. Eakin has
the prospect of labouring at present chiefly in the bounds of the first Philadel-
phia Presbytery, he is therefoi'c joined to that.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Tliree o'clock, P. 31. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui sup>ra.
(With the Rev. Mr. James Long, who gave sufficient reasons for not coming
sooner.)
Upon inquiry being made of the several Presbyteries concerning their com-
pliance with the order of last Synod, to collect for the charitable uses then
mentioned, it was found that some Presbyteries, through mistake or neglect,
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 441
have not complied. Those who have collected are ordered to pay the same
into the hands of the Synod's treasurer immediately ; and those Presbyteries
who have not collected, are ordered to do it speedily; as also those who have
done it in part, are ordered to complete what is yet unfinished. And they are
now directed to make those collections in vacancies as well as congregations
which have settled ministers. And that this may be done more thoroughly,
we order the several Presbyteries to make this known at their first session, and
then take proper care to have the collections made in their bounds, and pro-
vide that a complete list be made out, of ministers and congregations, with their
collections, to be laid before and examined by the respective Presbyteries, at
some session previous to the meeting of the Synod, and prepared for printing
next year, without taking up the time of the Synod. Those ministers who have
not read the Pastoral Letter to their congregations, are directed to do it, and
also in the vacancies.
Dr. Rodgers is appointed to acquaint the Presbytery of Suffolk of this matter,
and the clerks to send attested copies of this order to the Presbyteries of Hano-
ver and Orange, and to send them some of our Pastoral Letters by Mr. Wallace,
a candidate going to the southward.
For the purpose of procuring books to bestow on the poor : in Philadelphia,
Dr. Francis Alison, Mr. Sproat, Mr. Montgomery, Mr. John Bayard, and Mr.
Jonathan Smith ; and in New York, Dr. Rodgers, Mr. Treat, Mr. McWhorter,
Mr. Caldwell, and Mr. Noel, are appointed as committees, and that they do not
exceed the sum of twenty pounds, pro. cur., to be laid out by each committee;
and that they draw on the treasurer for this sum.
The Presbytery of New York applied to the Synod for the whole or part of
the money collected by them this year, to be applied towards the rebuilding the
Presbyterian church in the island of Saba, which was destroyed by the hurricane
last year. The petition from Saba to the Presbytery was read, and the Presby-
tery offered their reasons for appropriating said money. The Synod remitted
to the Presbytery to determine what part of said money should be allowed to
Saba ; and the Presbytery, after consulting, reported that they determined fifty
pounds should be allowed for that purpose, which is accordingly agreed to, and
the treasurer is ordered to pay that sum into the hands of Dr. Rodgers, to be
remitted to Saba.
The Presbyteries of New York, New Castle, Suffolk, Dutchess, and the
first Philadelphia Presbytery, which have not complied with the order of last
Synod to transmit to Mr. Halsey an account of the money subscribed in
their bounds to the college of New Jersey, are ordered to comply as speedily
as possible.
Mr. Samuel Kennedy, a candidate, did not comply with the order of last
Synod, to put himself under the care of Donegal Presbytery, although he hath
continued to preach in their bounds. Mr. Kennedy gave in a paper to the
Synod, assigning the reasons of his conduct. The consideration of this affair
is deferred.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
21d day, nine o^ clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Except Mr. Thomas Waters, who is gone home.
The consideration of Mr. Kennedy's conduct resumed. Mr. Kennedy was
fully heard, and as he had in offering his reasons blamed the Presbytery, they
were also heard. After due consideration, the question was put, Is Mr. Ken-
nedy excusable or not ; and it was carried, not.
Adjourned till Monday morning, ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
5Q
442 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773.
2ith dai/, ten o'docJc. The S^nod met according to adjournment. Post
prcccs sederunt qui supra.
With Mr. John Golden, an elder.
It was moved what censure should be inflicted upon Mr. Kennedy, in con-
sequence of the judgment of Saturday last, and after it was considered and
debated, ordered that he be rebuked from the chair for not complying with the
order of last Synod to put himself under the care of Donegal Presbytery, and
be remitted to the Presbytery, who are required to give him, before the Synod
break up, a copy of such charges as they have now against him, and cite him
to appear before them, to take his trial, the last Tuesday in June next, at
Caughnawaga.
The Presbytery of Donegal requested that some members of Synod might
be joined with thcra on the trial.
Ordered, That Mr. Robert Smith, Mr. Latta, Mr. Eorster, and Mr. Woodhull,
be added to them for that purpose.
And Mr. Cooper is appointed to cite such evidences as the Presbytery may
judge necessary, and to give Mr. Kennedy citations for such evidences as he
may require.
Mr. Kennedy was then called in, submitted to the judgment, and was rebuked
by the moderator.
The committee appointed last Synod to consider the answers given by the
Associate Presbytery to sundry questions which had been proposed by the
Synod's committee, report : they met, and did read and consider said answers,
and did not think it necessary to make any remarks upon them, nor to give
any other answer to the Presbytery than as follows : that as the Associate
brethren had not given any answer to the proposal of the committee from the
Synod the year before, viz., that if anything was to be done further toward
a coalition between the Associate brethren and the Synod, the proposal must
come from the former, which they, the committee, should be ready to receive
any time before next Synod. But that no such proposal has been made to
them.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three d'chcJcj P. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment Postpreces
sederunt qui supra.
With jMr. Thomas Bourne, Mr. Eichard Treat's elder.
An overture respecting the regulation of the Presbyteries referred from the
last Synod, is referred till the next year.
A petition and complaint from Mr. Alexander Alexander, against the second
Philadelphia Presbytery, was brought in by the committee .of overtures, and
read. But it appearing to the Synod the matter of which he complains had
not been decided by the Presbytery, ordered, that it be referred to the Presby-
tery, who are required to hear it this evening or to-morrow.
An overture was brought in by Mr. lloan in the following words :
" Whereas, there have been repeated comj)laints from serious persons of the
degeneracy of many of the Presbyterian denomination in Great Britain and
Ireland, and their falling off from the great doctrines of the Keformation, so
that it is very possible there may be Presbyteries the majority of which would
not be unwilling to license, ordain, or recommend ministers unsound in the
faith ; it seems to be of moment to guard against the admission of strangers
into this body, before their principles and character are thoroughly ascertained :
Therefore it is overtured, that no Presbytery be permitted to receive any
stranger under the character of minister or candidate, or to give him appoint-
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 443
ments in the congregations under our care, until the Synod that shall meet next
after their arrival, that the whole testimonials and credentials offered by such
persons be laid before the Synod, to be by them considered and judged of, in
order to their admission or rejection.
"John Koan."
Which after full consideration was voted and admitted by a small majority.
Several members desired liberty to enter their dissent, with their reasons,
against the preceding vote, which was granted.
Their reasons are in the following words :
" The second Presbytery of Philadelphia unanimously dissent from, and pro-
test against, the injurious law recorded above.
" 1. Because it takes away from the Presbyteries some of their essential
rights, restraining them from performing the duties of ordaining and admitting
ministers agreeably to the Scriptures and the constitution and practice of the
Presbyterian churches. Christ has vested his ministers with certain powers
for the edification of his church, which they may not surrender or deliver up to
the dominion of any man, or any body of men, whatever. If they err in the
exercise of their powers they are accountable to the higher judicatures of the
church, but they are not to be deprived of them merely because they may err
in the exercise of them.
'''2. Because it insinuates a strong suspicion that Presbyteries are unfaith-
ful or unsound, and therefore not to be trusted in this matter, which is fixing
an unjust reproach on their judicatures, and only serves to lessen their credit
and influence.
" 3. Because it is highly uncharitable and inconsistent with the love, respect,
and fellowship which we owe the Protestant churches abroad, as it brings a
promiscuous charge of unsoundness against, and lays an heavy reproach upon
all the judicatures of their churches, contrary to all justice and modesty, and
to the peace and harmony which should be promoted among the churches of
Christ.
''4. Because unfriendly, unequal, and ofiensive treatment of ministers and
candidates who are strangers, tends to fill them with prejudices against this
body, as acting in an arbitrary, uncharitable manner, and inconsistent with the
known rules of Presbyterianism, which will deter them from uniting with the
Synod, and induce them to erect Presbyteries independent of it, to the great
dishonour and injury of religion.
" 5. Because the precedent hereby established is not only wrong in itself, as
it divests our Presbyteries of their inherent rights, but extremely pernicious in
its consequences. If the Synod is allowed this power with respect to ministers
or probationers from Europe, why may it not at any time be pleaded with re-
spect to those from every other part of the world ? Why may not the Synod,
claiming thus far, extend their authority to the ordination of all our American
probationers under some plausible pretences, such as, that the Synod is more
faithful, or more learned, or fitter to judge of the piety of those who are to be
received ?
" 6. Because we have rules of proceeding as a Presbyterian church, re-
specting this matter, which from long experience have been found suflBcient to
preserve this Synod pure and free from errors ; these rules are agreeable to
our Presbyterian plan, and consistent with the several rights of our respective
judicatures, whereas the present one is useless, unwarranted, and anti-Presby-
terial.
"■ 7. As the agreements of 1764 and 1765 were repeatedly alleg-cd to be, and
evidently are, for the same purpose pretended in the overture now made a re-
ligious law, in which the northern provinces are expressly named, and as these
provinces were repeatedly mentioned in the course of the debate, and nothing
444 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1773.
said, or even insinuated, that they were excluded, during the whole time in
which this matter was argued, nor when the overture was read before it was
voted, it must appear equivocation to explain the meaning of the law in a sense
that would except the American Continent, to relieve some dissenting brethren,
leaving others deeply grieved and afflicted.
" Against the aforesaid law, therefore, we, the second Presbytery of Phila-
delphia, do protest in our Presbyterial capacity, and hereby enter our reasons
upon record, to relieve our consciences, and testify our opposition to what is so
partial, so uncharitable, so unjust and oppressive.
" Francis Alison, John Elder, Joseph Tate, John Ewing, John
SiMONTON, Patrick Alison."
Dissentient : Dr. Rodgers, Joseph Montgomery, Alexander McWhorter,
John Miller, Alexander McDowell, James Anderson, Thomas Read, James
Caldwell.
Reasons of dissent from an overture formed into an act of Synod, ordaining
that no minister or candidate from foreign parts shall be admitted to member-
ship by any Presbytery, but by the Synod alone.
" Dissentient, 1. Because this overture tends to overthrow the essential
rights of a Presbytery, the radical judicature of our church, unwarranted in
Scripture, and from which we derive our name, Presbyterians. The power of
ordination, of receiving and rejecting members, evidently belongs, according to
God's word, to this judicature only. But this overture takes it away from it,
and gives its work and power to a Syond, which is only a voluntary association
of diflferent Presbyteries, or a council to give advice in difficult matters, and to
secure peace, orthodoxy, edification, and mutual confidence, and has no power
to make any arbitrary decisions, to which Presbyteries can only submit when
their arbitrations are for the good of the whole.
" 2. Because this overture is very uncharitable and contrary to the dictates
of the humble and afiectionate temper of the gospel, which ' esteems others
better than ourselves,' and ' thinketh no evil.' It strongly implies that our
Presbyteries are either so ignorant as not to know, or so degenerate as not to
regard, the qualifications of their own members, and would ' lay hands suddenly
on any man,' and admit to the ministry or to the rights of membership, without
proper testimonials and authentic recommendations.
*' 3. Because it discovers great want of candour in judging of other churches
of Christ, as if all the reformed churches, solemnly subscribing or assenting to
the same Confession of Faith, the same Catechisms, and the same directory
or plan of discipline and government, were wholly corrupted in faith or prac-
tice, notwithstanding their solemn assent or subscription to the forms of sound
doctrine.
"4. Because this overture is founded on very unjustifiable reasoning, viz.
that because some individuals, or perhaps some judicatures, in the foreign
churches have been branded, and perhaps justly, with Socinian and other dan-
gerous errors, that therefore their whole associations are corrupted; which
mode of judging would condemn equally every Christian association in the
world.
" 5. Because the explanatory clause added, in order to exempt all preachers
or ministers coming from any part of America, seems to be a mere subterfuge
and equivocation, and calculated to relieve only a few members of the Synod.
For before tlie votes confirming this overture, the New England churches were
more than once mentioned as an objection against it, and it could scarcely have
been forgotten by the voters; but suppose they had been forgotten, whence
arises this partiality ? May not ministers who are pious and sound in the faith
come from Great Britain or Ireland ? And are not Presbyteries by the consti-
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 445
tution of our church and the authority of its great Head, the only judges of
their admission ?
'' 6. Because this overture evidently tends to produce contentions, confusion,
and anarchy in the churches, for if the Synod will assume these high, unscrip-
tural powers, it may be expected that some Presbyteries will resign their con-
nection with a power they esteem tyrannical, and returning to their original
state claim the enjoyment of their own inherent privileges.
" 7. Because, finally, this overture evidently tends to stigmatize and throw
scandal on the British and Irish churches, to the breaking the bonds of peace,
union, charity, and mutual love between them and us, to represent us to them
as narrow, factious bigots, and may provoke them to send into America new
Presbyteries of their own, to erect new judicatures, altar against altar, to the
great injury of the work of God, and edification of souls, to the grieving the
Holy Spirit of God, and giving distress of mind to the sincere followers of the
Prince of Peace.
*' Matthew Wilson, James Latta, John King, James Lang."
With respect to the reasons of protest against and dissent from the judgment
of Synod about the admission of ministers and candidates from some of the
foreign churches, offered by a number of the members, the Synod judge it suf-
ficient briefly to observe :
That neither in the overture presented to the Synod, nor in our judgment
consequent upon it, is there any claim of power inconsistent with those rights
of Presbyteries which the dissenting brethren suppose are radically in them,
and essential to them. The powers of licensure and ordination are not so much
as mentioned in the ovei'ture, nor in the least infringed upon in the judgment,
and it would be a difficult task for them to undertake the proof, even upon their
own principles, that the right of admitting persons already licensed or ordained
belongs to Presbyteries exclusively. The dissenting brethren seem to have
wholly mistaken the main ground of the overture, which does not at all appear
to have arisen from a suspicion of unfaithfulness in any of our Presbyteries, or
that the ministry in Britain and Ireland are wholly corrupted, but only that
there is so great a degeneracy in those churches as renders it peculiarly neces-
sary that the greatest care be taken in the admission of ministers and candi-
dates coming from thence, and that the several Presbyteries neither have, nor
can have, those means of information respecting the characters and orthodoxy
of those ministers and candidates the Synod has, nor indeed such means as are
necessary to enable them to judge with any sufficient degree of certainty re-
specting them. Nor can the overture by any means be allowed to be inconsist-
ent with the charity due to the churches of Britain and Ireland, as it is not so
severe with respect to foreigners, as the Synods of Scotland are with respect
to their own candidates, and as the degeneracy of those churches, which was
one of the principal facts upon which the overture was founded, has not been
denied by any of the dissentients. And, finally, we observe, that as the over-
ture only held up to view the churches of Britain and Ireland, it is most unfair
to infer that the explanatory clause annexed to the judgment " seemed to be a
mere subterfuge and equivocation, and calculated to relieve only a few mem-
bers of Synod."
At the same time it was agreed that it should be put upon record that the
word strani/ers in the preceding overture should not be extended to any persons
from any part of the continent of America.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
446 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773,
25ih den/, nine 6'cloclc, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post prcces sederunt qui supra.
It was moved by Dr. Rodgers, and seconded by others, that the operation of
the above overture should be suspended till next year ; which, being opposed,
the consideration of the motion is deferred till Thursday morning.
The second Philadelphia Presbytery referred to the Synod the appeal of
Mr. Alexander Alexander from a judgment of the session of the third Presby-
terian eongregation in this city, which is agreed shall be considered to-morrow
afternoon.
A complaint was brought in by the Rev. Mr. George Duffield against the
second Philadelphia Presbyteiy, that they had by one of their members ob-
structed his entrance into a church in this city under their care, to which he
had accepted a call, and had also refused to receive him as a member, although
be was dismissed from, and recommended by, the Presbytery of Donegal, which
was read.
The minutes of the second Philadelphia Presbytery with respect to the
complaint of Mr. Duffield were also read, assigning the reasons of their con-
duct.
A petition and remonstrance from the incorporated committee of the Pres-
byterian churches in Market and Pine streets in this city, was also brought in
and read, setting forth that Mr. Duffield, by the assistance of a part of the
congregation of Pine street, had taken forcible possession of their church in
Pine street, on the twenty-seventh day of September last, and praying we would
take proper care to afford them such relief as the nature of the case required
from us.
The address and representation of the committee of the third Presbyterian
church in Pine street in this city, was brought in and read, stating their con-
duct in obtaining and introducing Mr. Duffield into the church.
After the Presbytery had stated the case and the reason of their conduct,
Mn Duffield was fully heard, and the Presbytery replied. The parties being
fully heard were ordered to withdraw, and the Synod agreed to proceed to judg-
ment in the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cIocJc, P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed 'agreeably to the agreement of the forenoon, to form a
judgment in the cause depending between Mr. Duffield and the second Phila-
delphia Presbytery. And after having maturely considered this matter, the
Synod judge that Mr. Duffield had just cause of complaint against the conduct
and judgment of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, who ought to have ad-
mitted him to membership with them and allowed him a fair trial, wherefore
we now declare him to be minister of the Pine street or third Presbyterian
congregation in this city, and order, that he be put upon the list of the afore-
said Presbytery.
JMr. Schank asked leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer,
IQth day, nine o\-IocJc, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
seilerunt qui supra.
(With the Rev. Mr. John Woodhull, who gave sufficient reason for not
coming sooner; and also the Hon. Richard Stockton, Dr. Witherspoon's
elder.)
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 447
A request from Lewestown Presbytery was presented, that the Rev. Mr.
Thomas Reed, the Rev. Mr. Josiah Lewis, and Mr. Thomas Smith, a candidate
under the care of New Castle Presbytery, should be set off from New Castle
Presbytery and annexed to them. The Synod, after considering the matter,
concluded only to set off Mr. Josiah Lewis for the present, who is hereby dis-
missed from the New Castle Presbytery, and joined to them.
A petition and remonstrance from the incorporated committee of the Pres-
byterian churches of Market and Pine streets in this city, was brought in and
read, alleging that the Rev. Mr. Greorge Duffield had taken possession of their
church in Pine street in a violent manner, and praying he might be prohibited
by this Synod from persisting in his conduct, and dismissed from their
church.
Mr. George Bryan appeared and informed the Synod, in the name of the
corporation, that they withdrew their cause from our bar for reasons which he
mentioned, and was directed to deliver to us in writing.
The committee appointed to converse with Mr. Stuart, report, that they had
done so at considerable length, and were fully satisfied with the testimonials
produced with respect to his character and morals, and well pleased with the
modesty and candour of his conversation, but that they did not find his views
as to the ministry or employment in future life so fixed as that it could be of
any importance to us or unto himself to join with this Synod under the char-
acter of a minister, nor did he himself desire it, so withdrew his request.
An appeal was brought in by several members of the second Presbyterian
congregation in this city, from a judgment of the first Philadelphia Presbytery,
confirming the judgment of the session of the second Presbyterian church,
with respect to the introduction of Dr. Watts's imitation of the psalms into pub-
lic worship ; and as the moderator was a member of the Presbytery from whose
judgment they appealed, he left the chair, and Mr. Joseph Treat took his
place. The case was stated, the minutes of Presbytery read, and the parties
fully heard and withdrew. The Synod, after considering the matter, declare
that with respect to the judgment of the Pi'esbytery, although it appears to be
drawn up with great caution and tenderness, yet they do not think it proper
finally to judge and decide upon it at present, but appoint Dr. Witherspoon, Dr.
Rodgers, Mr. Strain, and Mr. McWhorter, a committee to converse with the
parties in the congregation, who differ about psalmody, and make report to the
Synod to-morrow afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayei'.
Three d clock, P. 31. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederu7it qui supra.
Ordered, To hear the reference by the second Philadelphia Presbytery of
Mr. Alexander Alexander's appeal from the judgment of the session of the
third Presbyterian church in this city.
After stating the cause and reading the judgment of the session and the ap-
peal, both parties were fully heard. And the Synod finding, that as the ses-
sion had not a minister of the word to preside through the course of the trial,
and that a minister was the accuser of the appellant, it was judged it was at
least inexpedient to proceed to trial, and upon the whole we think it best, and
do remit the matter back to the Presbytery, to be heard and judged of by them
de novo.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at eight o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
448 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773.
27(h day, eujlit dcloclc, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The order of the morning being called for, Dr. Rodgers withdrew the motion
made by him on Tuesday last, and another member moved in the following
words : " Whereas many brethren are dissatisfied with the act of Synod respect-
ing the non-admission of ministers and candidates into our Presbyteries from
foreign parts, it is proposed, that the Presbytery to which any such gentlemen
may offer themselves, may be allowed, if they see their way clear, to employ
them in their vacancies, but that they be not admitted to full membership until
the next Synod, when their testimonials and recommendations shall be laid be-
fore the Synod." Which being considered was agreed to by the Synod, and is
to regulate the conduct of the Presbyteries, notwithstanding the overture pro-
posed and voted on jMonday last.
A petition from the Presbyterian congregation in Pine street in this city,
was brought in, praying to be taken from under the care of the second Phila-
delphia Presbytery, and put under some other. Mr. Duffield, the minister of
said congregation, being present, and requesting for himself to be annexed to
the first Philadelphia Presbytery ; the Synod do grant their requests, and set
off Mr. Puffield, and the congregation aforesaid, from the Presbytery to which
they now belong, and annex him to and put them under the care of the fij'st
Philadelphia Presbytery.
The Presbytery books of New Castle, the first and second Philadelphia Pres-
byteries, and of New Brunswick, were brought in and approved.
Applications were presented for supplies from the Hawfields and Eno in
North Carolina, and from St. Paul's parish in Georgia ; in answer to which we
appoint Mr. John Simpson and Mr. Caleb Wallace, candidates, to supply in
the former places as much as they conveniently can before next Synod ; and
Mr. Wallace from thence to visit St. Paul's parish in Georgia, and preach there
some time, and the remainder of their time in the other vacancies in the
southern provinces.
As the Presbytery of New Castle have sundry candidates under their care,
some of whom probably can take appointments to the southern provinces, the
Presbytery are desired to consider this matter as soon as possible, and send
such and as many as they find expedient.
The moderator is appointed to give proper recommendations to those who go
on those missions.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^ clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post i^reces
sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to converse with the parties in the second Pres-
byterian church in this city, differing about psalmody, report, that they have
taken opportunities of conversing with both parties, so fiir as the time and cir-
cumstances would permit, and that they do not think the Synod should directly
judge of the merits of the appeal, so as to affirm or disapprove the several
distinct propositions laid down by the Presbytery in their judgment; but as
there is not now time to consider fully the different versions of the psalms in
question, and there are minutes of Synod formerly, which countenance congre-
gations in determining this matter according to their own choice, they cannot
make any order to forbid the congregation to continue the practice now begun.
Which being considered was approved, and the Synod on this occasion think
proper earnestly to recommend to both parties peace and harmony, and to for-
bear all harsh sentiments and expressions, and in particular that neither of
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 449
them intimate that either of the versions in question is unfit to be sung in
Christian worship.
Mr. George Bryan, by the hands of the janitor, delivered into the Synod a
paper containing the reasons of the corporation's withdrawing their petition
and remonstrance, which are as follows :
" The complainants, after opening in a general manner the matters they could
have proved, in order to enforce the prayer of their remonstrance before the
lleverend Synod, do say we purposed to have gone fully into these matters, but
from what passed here yesterday it appears to us that many of the members,
without having then entered on our complaint, though upon the eve and in full
prospect of so doing, have declared themselves very fully as to the irregularities
and violences imputed to the Rev. Mr. Duffield and some of his adherents, and
that Mr. Duffield hath been established, as far as the Synod can do it, pastor
of Pine street church, against the very prayer of our supplication. Whilst our
complaint is thus manifestly prejudged, we cannot but observe that ridicule is
set up by some of the members as the test of truth, and characters wantonly
attacked in a manner unbecoming the gentleman and the Christian. What then
have we to do but to retire from your bar ?"
After much conversation and great deliberation, it is overtured, that as George
Bryan, Esq. and William ^liller, in the name of the incorporated committee,
presented a petition and remonstrance, charging Mr. Duffield with sundry high
crimes and misdemeanors, and praying that he might be removed from the
pulpit and church in Pine street; but some time after those gentlemen with-
drew their said petition, and assigned their reasons therefor, which are ordered
to be recorded on our minutes, the Synod therefore finding no accusers, do acquit
him, the said Mr. Duffield, from all charges contained in the aforesaid petition
and remonstrance.
Application was made from the two Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange,
that every Presbytery to the eastward, should transmit to them with all con-
venient speed, the suspension or deposition of any member or candidate from
their bodies, to prevent the Presbyteries aforesaid being imposed upon by such
persons.
The Synod cheerfully comply with their request, and order the Presbyteries
to regulate themselves accordingly.
Adjourned to meet at Philadelphia the third Wednesday in May next, at ten
o'clock, at the second Presbyterian church. Concluded with prayer.
1774.
Philadelphia, May 18<A, 1774.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
TJ hi post preces sederunt
Of the Presbytery of Lewestown : The Rev. John Miller.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev John Todd.
Of Orange Presbytery : The Rev. David Caldwell and Hezekiah Balch.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Cooper and John Sleramons
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Smith, William McKennan,
William Forster, John Clark, John Carmichael, Thomas Read, James Wilson,
James Anderson, and John Woodhull.
Of first Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Richard Treat, James Sproat,
Andrew Hunter, James Boyd, George Duffield, Benjamin Chesnutt, Alexander
Mitchell, and Samuel Eakin.
Of second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Patrick Alison.
57
450 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. "William Tennent, Israel Reed,
John Hosborough, and William Schanck.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Azariah Horton, Alexander McWhor-
ter, James Caldwell, Jedidiah Chapman, and Alexander Miller.
Elders : Messrs. Joseph Cowan, George Curry, James Ewing, Thomas Hope,
Francis Alexander, John McCalla, Daniel Clark, and John Walker.
Absent : Of the Lewestown Pi-esbytery : The Rev. Matthew Wilson, Jacob
Kerr, Alexander Huston, and Josiah Lewis.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. James Waddell, Richard Zanchy, David
Rice, Samuel Leake, William Ervin, John Brown, and Charles Cumraings.
Of Orange Presbytery : The Rev. Hugh McAden, Henry Patillo, Joseph
Alexander, Hezekiah James Balch, John Harris, James Creswell, James Camp-
bell, John Simpson, Thomas Reese, and James Edmond.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Hugh Vance, John King, John Craig-
head, John Strain, James Lang, Amos Thompson, Joseph Rhea, Samuel Thomp-
son, James Hunt, John Roan, and John Hogg.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Alexander McDowell, James Finley,
James Latta, Joseph Montgomery, Joseph Smith, John McCreary, and Thomas
Smith.
Of Philadelphia first Presbytery : The Rev. Nehcmiah Greenman, Enoch
Green, John Brainerd, James Watt, and William Hollingshead.
Of Philadelphia second Presbytery : The Rev. Francis Alison, John Ewing,
John Simonton, Joseph Tate, John Elder, John Steel, Robert McMordie, and
Robert Davidson.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Charles McKnight, Thomas Smith,
Jacob A^an Artsdalen, Dr. John Witherspoon, John Guild, Elihu Spencer,
Samuel Kennedy, Jeremiah Halsey, John Hannah, Francis Peppard, Job Prud-
den, and James Lyon.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. John Rodgers, Joseph Treat, Jacob
Green, Timothy Jones, Thomas Lewis, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin Halt, Aaron
Richards, Benjamin Woodruff, Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, Amzi Lewis, Samuel
Sacket, John Close, Andrew Bay, Hugh Knox, Simon Horton, John Moflat,
Abuer ]Jrush, and William Woodhull.
The whole Presbytery of Suffolk and Dutchess county.
The Rev. Mr. Sproat, the moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon, from
1 Cor. i. 23, 24.
Mr. Robert Smith was chosen moderator, Mr. Dufficld and Mr Forster were
chosen clerks.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prajxr.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met accorcUng to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(With the Rev. Messrs. James Latta, David Caldwell, Jacob Vanarsdalen,
James Finley, Dr. John Rodgers, and jNIessrs. Anthony Tate and Robert Evans,
elders.)
The reasons of the Rev. Messrs. Tennent, Clark, Rosborough, Israel Reed,
and 3IcKennan, for their absence from Synod last year, were sustained ; as were
also those of the Rev. Messrs. Todd, Hezekiah Balch, and David Caldwell, for
their absence from several former meetings of Synod.
Donegal Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. John Black, and sus-
pended the Rev. Robert Hugliey since the last meeting of Synod ; and that the
Rev. William Tliom was removed by death some time in last August.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have suspended the Rev. Sampson
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 451
Smith since our last, and ordained Mr. Thomas Smith to the work of the
ministry.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr.
William HoUinshead to the work of the ministry since our last, who being pre-
sent took his seat.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr.
Robert Davison to the work of the ministry since our last, who being present
took his seat accordingly.
New Brunswick Presbyter}' report, that they have licensed Messrs. Moses
Allen, Oliver Reese, and John J)e Bow, and dismissed Mr. John Simpson, a
licensed candidate, to Orange Presbytery.
New York Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. Matthias Bur-
net, Joseph Periam, and Samuel McCorkle; and received the Rev. Andrew Bay
from New Castle Presbytery, and the Rev. John Close from Suifolk Presby-
tery, and Mr. Joseph Grover, a licensed candidate, from New England ; and
dismissed the Rev Jonathan Murdoch to Connecticut, in consequence of a call to
him from a congregation there, and that the Rev. Oliver Deeming has been
removed by death since our last. We are informed that the Rev. William
Mills, a member of Suifolk Presbytery, was removed by death the 18th of last
March.
Orange Presbytery report, that they have received the Rev. John Harris
from Lewestown Presbytery, the Rev. James Campbell from the South Pres-
bytery, and the Rev. James Edmonds ; and have licensed and ordained to the
work of the ministry, Mr. Thomas Reese, and have also ordained Mr. John
Simpson.
Hanover Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. Caleb Wallace,
and Samuel Edmiston, and suspended the Rev. Alexander Miller ; and that the
Rev. Messrs. Black and Campbell are removed by death, and the Rev. Mr.
Craig also, in last April.
The Rev. Messrs. John Miller, Todd, David Caldwell, Cooper, Chesnutt,
Mitchell, Patrick Alison, Israel Reed, Azariah Horton, Alexander Miller, Latta,
and John Woodhull ; with Messrs. McCalla, Clark, Cowan, Curry, and Ewing,
elders, are appointed a committee of overtures to meet here to-morrow morn-
ing, at six o'clock, and by adjournment afterwards as often as occasion may
require.
Messrs. Hunter and Boyd are appointed a committee to examine the Orange
Presbytery book.
Messrs. McWhorter and Alexander Miller, to examine Donegal Presbytery
book.
Messrs. John Miller and James Caldwell, to examine New Castle Presbytery
book.
Messrs. Israel Reed and Chapman, to examine the first Philadelphia Presby-
tery book.
Messrs. Cowper and Foster, to examine the New York Presbytery book.
The Presbyteries of Donegal and New Castle have in some measure complied
with the recommendation of the last Synod, for raising money to assist in the
education of pious young men for the ministry, who are unable to support them-
selves ; Lewestown, and the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, have not ; neither
have Hanover nor Orange Presbyteries, the two latter not having received timely
notice of the recommendation.
The Synod recommend it to those Presbyteries that have been deficient in the
above, to proceed in that matter as soon as possible, and to the other Presbyte-
ries to continue in prosecuting the pious design.
The committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands of the trea-
surer of the College of New Jersey, for the education of poor and pious youth,
452 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774.
report, that they met according to appointment, and disposed of the money in
hand last year. And the Synod appoint as a committee to dispose of such mo-
ney as shall be due October next, the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, the Rev. Messrs.
Tennent, Guild, Spencer, James Caldwell, Halsey, Richard Treat, Israel Reed,
and JMcWhorter, any three of whom to be a quorum, to attend at New Jersey
College the third Wednesday of August next.
The committees appointed last Synod to purchase books and distribute them
among the poor on the frontiers, report, that they have complied with the
order, and disposed of the whole of the sum allowed at New York, and the
•whole also of the sum allowed at Philadelphia, except one pound seven shillings
and eight pence, but as the committee at Philadelphia have not yet received
an account of any distribution made by the persons to whose care they have
committed them on the frontiers, the Synod direct them to inquire as soon
as possible into that matter, and use their best endeavours to have said distri-
bution made, (if not already done,) and procure what information they can of
the success attending said distribution, and make report at next meeting of
Synod.
Dr. Rodgers has remitted the money ordered for the inhabitants of Saba, as
appointed.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery, and that of New Castle, have complied
with the order of last Synod respecting the collections for New Jersey Col-
lege. _ _
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 19<7t, nine dclock^ A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Together with the Rev. Messrs. James Finley, Joseph Smith, Thomas Smith,
Joseph Tate, and Elihu Spencer, who are now come ; and also Messrs. Valen-
tine Dushane, and Nathaniel McKinley, elders ; their reasons for not attending
sooner, sustained.
The committee appointed to dispose of money in the hands of the corpora-
tion of the widows' fund brought in their minutes, which were read and ap-
proved. And we appoint the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, Sproat, McWhorter, James
Caldwell, and Montgomery, a committee for the same purpose this year, to meet
to-morrow morning, at seven o'clock, at Mr. Sj^roat's, and as often afterwards
as occasion may require.
Donegal Presbytery, and the other members appointed to meet with them,
Jlr. Forster excepted, have complied with the order of last Synod respect-
ing Mr. Kennedy, and report that they have ordered him to desist from
preaching.
Messrs. John Simpson and Caleb Wallace are gone to the southern colonies,
agreeable to an order of last Synod.
The Presbytery of New Castle have complied with the order of last Synod
with respect to sending supplies to the southern colonies, as far as their cir-
cumstances would admit.
It was moved and seconded, and came to be considered, whether a commis-
sion of Synod should be appointed and their powers defined; or the practice of
appointing a commission discontinued, and after reasoning thereon, the Rev.
Messrs. Treat, Dr. Rodgers, McWhorter, Hunter, and John Miller, were ap-
pointed a committee to prepare an overture to be laid before the Synod next
Monday morning, ascertaining the powers of the commission in case it should
be continued.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 453
Three ddoch^ P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(Together with the Kev. Messrs. John Steel, John Elder, Dr. Witherspoon,
James Long, and Jeremiah Halsey, who are now come ; their reasons for not
" coming sooner, sustained ; as those of the Rev. Messrs. Steel and Elder, for
their absence last year.)
A letter from the Rev. Stephen Johnson, of Lyme, in Connecticut, was laid
before the Synod, informing of a sum of money bequeathed by his son, the
Rev. Diodati Johnson, to be disposed of by this Synod for the purpose of pro-
pagating the gospel in the southern colonies, and requesting that some person
might be appointed to receive the same.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Dr. Rodgers to receive the above, and give a
proper receipt and discharge for the same, and transmit it when obtained into
the hand of the Synodical treasurer as soon as convenient.
A letter from the Rev. Mr. Brainerd was brought in and read, informing of
the Indian school having been kept up in the same manner it was last year,
and of his labours, and prospects of success, amongst the vacancies in those
parts; which, being taken into consideration, the Synod allow Mr. Brainerd
for his services there, the eighteen pounds interest money in the hands of the
trustees of New Jersey College for an Indian mission, and the additional sum
of twenty-five pounds, to be paid out of the money in the hand of the Synodi-
cal treasurer, which sum the treasurer is directed to pay to Mr. Brainerd or
his order.
The Synod agree to print an account of the money collected in consequence
of the Synodical order the year before last, together with a list of the members
of Synod, and the congregations and vacancies under our care, and in order
thereto direct the respective Presbyterial treasurers to furnish the Synodical
treasurer with proper lists of their members, and the congregations and vacan-
cies within their bounds.
Dr. Rodgers laid before the Synod a letter from the Synod of North Hol-
land, which was read; and Dr. Rodgers and Mr. McWhorter are appointed a
committee to prepare a draught of an answer to the above letter, to be brought
in next Monday morning.
The minutes of last General Convention were brought in by Dr. Rodgers,
their stated register, and read ; and as the next Convention is to meet at Eliza-
bethtown, the third Wednesday of September, at three o'clock, P. M. we ap-
point the Rev. Messrs. Dr. Francis Alison, Dr. John Witherspoon, Dr. John
Rodgers, Richard Treat, William Tennent, James Sproat, Jacob Green, An-
drew Hunter, Benjamin Chesnutt, Israel Reed, Elihu Spencer, John Miller,
Benjamin Hait, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell,
John Woodhull, Jedidiah Chapman, and George Duffield, to attend there as
members of the said convention from this body.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
20(h day, nine o^ clock, A. 31. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(Together with the Rev. John Hoge, who is now come ; his reasons for not
attending soonei', sustained.)
The minutes of the committee of overtures were called for, brought in, and
read.
Application was made by the Presbytery of New York requesting assist-
ance to supply among the many large and growing vacancies on the northern
frontier of that province. In consequence of which the Synod appoint Dr.
454 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774.
Rodgers, and Mr. Caldwell, or Mr. McWhorter, as missionaries, to supply
each of them eight Sabbaths among those vacancies, and endeavour as far as
their time will admit, to form them into regular congregations. And the Sy-
nod order the Presbyteries of New York and New Brunswick to supply the
congregations of those gentlemen who go on this mission, in the following
manner, viz. the congregation of New York in Dr. Rodgers' absence to be
supplied, the third Sabbath in June by Mr. Kiy ; the fourth, iMr. Roe ; the
first in July, 3Ir. McWhorter; the second, Mr. Woodruff; the third. Dr.
Witherspoon; the fourth, Mr. Spencer; the fifth, Mr. Halt; the fii-st in Au-
gust, Mr. Jones ; the second, Mr. Richards. Elizabethtown to be supplied in
the absence of Mr. Caldwell, or Newark in the absence of Mr. McWhorter, the
third Sabbath in June by Mr. Vanarsdalen ; the fourth, Mr. Tennent ; the first
in July, Mr. Schenck ; the second, Mr. Reed ; the fourth, Mr. Chapman ; the
fifth, Mr. Azariah Horton; the first in August, Mr. Elmer; the second, Mr.
Green.
A reference was brought in from the Presbytery of New Y'ork, praying the
advice of the Synod, whether the congregation of Jamaica, on Long Island,
whose late minister, the Rev. Mr. Mills, belonged to the Presbytery of SuflFolk,
may be taken under their care, as they formerly were, and had never been
dismissed.
The Synod allow that the above congregation be taken under the care of the
Presbytery of New Y^'ork.
A petition from the Jersey settlement on the ]\Iohawk river, about seventy
miles above Albany, was brought in and read, praying to be taken under the
care of the Synod, and to have some ministers sent among them supported by
the money in the hand of the Synod.
A petition was brought in and read from the united congregations of Timber
Ridge and Hall's Meeting-house, in Virginia, representing the destitute condi-
tion of the church in those parts, and earnestly requesting some supplies to be
sent them, and especially by candidates who may be likely to settle in those
parts.
A petition from Cathey's settlement, in North Carolina, praying for supplies,
was brought in and read, together with which, application was made by the
Rev. Mr. David Caldwell in behalf of many large and growing vacancies in the
bounds of Orange Presbytery, praying that supplies be sent them from the
Synod.
Application was made by the Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper and James Fin-
ley in behalf of the numerous and increasing vacancies on the extensive west-
ern frontier of Pennsylvania, praying that supplies may be afforded them by
the Synod, and that such as may be sent endeavour to form them into congre-
gations as far as they conveniently can.
A letter was brought in by the Rev. Dr. Rodgers from the Rev. Mr. Henry
Patillo, of Orange Presbytery, representing that great numbers of the inhabi-
tants of the counties of Chowan, Perquimons, Pascjuotank, and Currituck, in
the lower parts of North Carolina, are earnestly desirous of supplies being sent
them from this Synod, and praying that a minister may be sent to them with a
view to settlement.
A petition was brought in and read from the Bald Eagle settlement up the
west branch of Susquehanna, earnestly praying for supplies to be sent to those
parts.
Application was made by the Rev. Mr. John Todd in behalf of the numerous
vacancies within the bounds of Hanover Presbytery, and praying for supplies
from the Synod.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. 31. Concluded with prayer.
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 455
Three o'clock, P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui sujira.
Together with the Eev. Dr. Francis Alison, the Rev. Messrs. John King and
James Long, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.
The order of this afternoon being called for, an overture was brought in
by the Eev. Mr. Tate, requesting a review of the act of last year respect-
ing the manner of receiving ministers from Europe, and a consideration of the
power by which the Synod makes such acts to restrain Presbyteries from act-
ing according to the best of their judgment "in things that before these acts
were allowed to be lawful and not forbidden by the word of God," was taken
into consideration, and the Synod agree to review the said act, and after much
reasoning on the case, it was carried by a considerable majority to reverse
said act.
The Ptev. Dr. Witherspoon, Messrs. Spencer, Hunter, Slemmons, Mitchell,
Duffield, and Balch, dissent from the above judgment, and request liberty to
bring in their reasons and have them entered on record, which is granted.
Dr. Rodgers and the Rev. Messrs. Treat and McWhorter are appointed a
committee to prepare an overture of an act or regulation, to be substituted in
the place of the act reversed by the vote now passed, to be brought in to-
morrow morning.
Mr. David Caldwell and Mr. Carmichael had liberty of absence till Mon-
day.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21s< day, nine d' clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Together with the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Montgomery and Matthew Wilson,
their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.
A supplication was brought in and read from the congregation of Reedy Creek
and Upper Creek meeting-houses, on the heads of the Catawba waters, repre-
senting their destitute condition, and requesting a minister to be sent them who
may be likely to settle among them.
The committee appointed yesterday to prepare an overture of an act or regu-
lation respecting the admission of ministers and candidates from foreign parts,
brought in a draught, which, being read a first and second time, and amended,
was unanimously approved, and is as follows, viz :
" Whereas, it is of the highest importance to the interest of the Redeemer's
kingdom that the greatest care be observed by church judicatures to maintain
orthodoxy in doctrine, and purity in practice, in all their members, this Synod,
in addition to the agreement vxpon this head of the year 17G4, and further ex-
plained in the year 1765, do most earnestly recommend it to all their Presbyte-
ries to be very strict and careful respecting these matters, especially in examin-
ing the certificates and testimonials of ministers or probationers who come from
foreign churches; and that they be very cautious about receiving them, unless
the authenticity of their certificates and testimonials be supported by private
letters, or other credible and sufiicient evidence ; and in order more effectually
to preserve this Synod, our Presbyteries, and congregations from imposition and
abuse, every year when any Presbytery may report that they have received any
ministers or probationers from foreign churches, that Presbytery shall lay be-
fore the Synod the testimonials, and all other certificates upon which they re-
ceived such ministers or probationers, for the satisfaction of the Synod, before
such foreign ministers or probationers shall be enrolled as members of our body;
456 MINUTES OF THE SfNOD OF [1774.
and if the Synod shall find the said testimonials false or insufiicient, the whole
proceedings had by the Presbytery iu the admission shall be held to be void j
and the Presbytery shall not from that time receive or acknowledge him as a
member of this body, or in ministerial communion with us. And, on the other
hand, whensoever any gentlemen from abroad shall come duly recommended,
as above, we will gladly receive them as brethren, and give them every encour-
agement in our power."
An appeal from a judgment of New Castle Presbytery respecting a call to
the Rev. Joseph Smith, was brought in. The consideration of this affair de-
ferred till next Tuesday morning.
A representation from the Rev. Dr. Ezra Stiles and the Rev. Samuel Hop-
kins, respecting the sending two natives of Africa on a mission to propagate
Christianity in their native country, and a request that the Synod would coun-
tenance this undertaking by their approbation of it, was brought in and read.
The consideration of the above defei'red.
The appeal of a certain Joseph Zury from a judgment of the Presbytery of
New Castle was brought in and read, as also the minutes of the Presbytery and
Session respecting that affaii*, by which it appears that the said Joseph Zury
Lad been charged with the crime of fornication ; in judging of which matter
the Presbytery found themselves under some difficulty to determine clearly on
the one side or the other ; the Synod after duly considering the affair, unani-
mously agree, that said charge, as circumstanced, ought not to prevent said
Zury from sealing ordinances, and do therefore declare him acquitted.
The Synod appoint Mr. Treat, Mr. McWhorter and Mr. Foster a commit-
tee to prepare the list for printing which was to have been done by Dr. With-
erspoon.
A query was brought in, about Mr. McGill, labouring in the ministry within
the bounds of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, especially in one of the con-
gregations under their care, and has assisted one of their members in the ad-
ministration of the Lord's supper.
The Synod remit this affair to the second Philadelphia Presbytery, and di-
rect them to send one of their members to preach on a Sabbath in that congre-
gation where Mr. McGill has been preaching, as above, and read to them the
minute of the Synod last year respecting that gentleman, and warn them not
to encourage him among them whilst matters remain in their present situation.
And the Synod further order the said Presbytery to be careful that none of
their members encourage him in the question of the ministerial office.
Doctor Witherspoon had liberty of absence till Tuesday afternoon, Mr. Spen-
cer till Monday, and Mr. Ilalsey through the remaining part of the present
session.
Adjourned till three o'clock P. M. next Monday. Concluded with prayer.
Ilonday, May 23c?, three o'docA-, P. 31. The Synod met accordlnrj to adjourn-
ment. Post jpreces sederunt qui siqva.
Mr. John Thompson, Mr. Montgomery's elder, and Mr. John McCalmont,
Mr. McKennan's elder, are now come.
The representation and request relative to sending negro missionaries to Africa,
was taken into consideration, in consequence of which the subject of negro sla-
very came to be considered, and after much reasoning on the matter Dr. Rod-
gers, Messrs. John Miller, Caldwell, and Montgomery, were appointed a com-
mittee to bring in an overture on this subject on Wednesday morning.
The consideration of the overture brought in by Mr. Tate, viz : respecting
" The power by which the Synod makes such acts to restrain Presbyteries from
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 45T
acting to the best of their judgment in things, that before these acts, were
allowed to be lawful, and not forbidden by the word of God," is deferred to
next Synod.
The call for the overture respecting a commission of Synod, is deferred till
Wednesday morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2tith day, nine o'clock, A, M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Andrew Bryan, Mr. Reed's elder, and William Walker, Mr. Woodhull's
eldei", are now come.
David Scott, in his own name, and in the name of the inhabitants of the
Great Cove, request the Synod to consider their destitute state, as separated so
far from any neighbouring congregation that they cannot there conveniently at-
tend divine worship, and that their number is so small, that they are not able
sufficiently to pay ministers that supply them, especially young men who have
no congregations, for their trouble ; he therefore humbly requests the reverend
Synod to allow something out of their fund to such ministers as are sent to
supply them, and that orders be given to some of the neighbouring ministers to
administer the sacrament of the Lord's Supper among them some time conve-
nient before winter. The Synod having considered his request, recommend it
to the Presbytery of Donegal seasonably to administer the sacrament in the
Great Cove, and afford them as many supplies as they conveniently can ; and
the Synod agree to allow a reasonable compensation to such ministers or proba-
tioners as may be sent on these services.
The order of the morning being called for, the appeal from the judgment of
the Presbytery of New Castle respecting a call to the Rev. Joseph Smith, was
taken into consideration, and after the parties were heard in part,
Adjourned till three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three d clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Posipreces
sederunt qui supra.
(With Mr. Witherspoon who is now returned.)
Ordered, To proceed in the affair of the appeal entered on in the forenoon ;
and after the parties were further heard.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2bth day, nine o'clock, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui s^ipra.
Ordered, To proceed in the appeal entered upon yesterday.
The parties being fully heard and ordered to withdraw, the Synod proceeded
to consider the affair, and after reasoning on the case. Dr. Rodgers, Messrs.
Spencer, John Miller, McWhorter, and Patrick Alison, were appointed a com-
mittee to converse with the commissioners from Wilmington on both sides of
the question, together with Mr. McKennan, and Mr. Smith ; and endeavour to
accommodate matters in such manner as may be most likely to serve the in-
terest of the church in those parts.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
58
458 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Steel and Mr. Balch, who are gone home without leave ; and
]\Ir. McCreary, who being taken sick and obliged to go home, sent the reason of
his dej)arture to the Synod, which is sustained.)
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery books of Orange,
Donegal, and New York, brought in the books approved except a few
remarks.
The remaining minutes of the committee of overtures were called for, brought
in and read.
A letter was brought in from the Rev. John William Kahls, respecting the
study of the Hebrew language and Divinity, which being taken into considera-
tion, the Synod expressed their sentiments on the subject, and desired the mo-
derator to transmit the same to Mr. Kahls.
The committee appointed in the forenoon on the Wilmington affair, report,
that they have used their best endeavours to accomplish the end of their ap-
pointment, but have not been so happy as to succeed ; wherefore the Synod re-
sumed the consideration of the appeal lying before them, and after reasoning, it
was moved, that waving the decision of the merits of the appeal and conduct of
the Presbytery, the Synod should resolve upon the whole state of the affair laid
before them, that JMr. Smith be allowed to accept of the call put into his hand
by the Presbytery, and that the call be described by the terms of the second con-
gregation in Wilmington united with Brandywine, and that he be appointed to
preach in Wilmington one half of his time, and the other half in such place as
the Brandywine congregation have proposed to provide on the west side of the
creek in the country, with this further instruction, that in case the eastern part
of Brandywine congregation shall build another house, and request a propor-
tion of his time, he be appointed to divide it among the three, and that in
either case care be taken that the day of preaching in Wilmington do not inter-
fere with the day of preaching at Mr. McKennan's church, but that they cor-
respond together so as to promote the common benefit of all as much as may
be ; and the Synod do earnestly recommend to all the members of that Presby-
tery to cultivate peace and harmony, and do their utmost to strengthen one an-
other's hands in the work of the Lord.
The above having been several times read was put to the question, agree or
not, and was carried by a great majority — agree, wherefore the Synod did and
hereby do appoint accordingly ; — parties being called in, this was intimated to
them.
Dr. Rodgers, and his elder, Mr. Kinley, and also Messrs. John Miller,
James Boyd, Alexander IMiller, and Patrick Alison, had liberty to go home.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26<A day, nine dclocli, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
]\Ir. Valentine Dushane, Mr. Thomas Smith's elder, being taken sick, was
obliged to go home. Mr. Carmichael having last Friday obtained liberty of
absence till Monday, has not since returned.
The committee appointed to prepare an overture on the representation from
Dr. Stiles and the Rev. Samuel Hopkins, and also on the subject of negro sla-
very, brought in a draught, the first part of which being read and amended, was
approved and is as follows :
The consideration of Dr. Stilcs's and Mr. Hopkins's representation and re-
quest resumed. " The Synod is very happy to have an opportunity to express
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 459
their readiness to concur with and assist in a mission to the African tribes, aud
especially where so many circumstances concur as in the present case, to inti-
mate that it is the will of God, aud to encourage us to hope for success. We
assure the gentlemen aforesaid, we are ready to do all that is proper for us in
our station for their encouragement and assistance."
Aud it is ordered, that the clerk transmit a copy of this minute to Doctor
Stiles. But some difficulties attending the discussion of the second part of that
overture, the Synod agree to defer the affair to our next meeting.
A member of the committee appointed to prepare an overture respecting a
commission of Synod, brought in a draught, which being read and amended,
was put to vote and can-ied by a large majority, and is as follows :
" Whereas, there have arisen doubts in the minds of some members respect-
ing the vitility and powers of what is called by us the commission, the Synod
proceeded to take this matter into consideration, and after due deliberation, in
orded to remove any scruples upon this head, and prevent all future difficulties
in this matter, do determine that the commission shall continue, and meet when-
soever called by the moderator, at the request of the first nine in the roll of
the commission, or a major part of the first nine ministers, and when met that
it shall be invested with all the powers of Synod to sit by their own adjourn-
ments from time to time ; and let it also be duly attended to, that there can lie
no appeal from the judgment of the commission, as there can be none from the
judgment of the Synod ; but there may be a review of their proceedings and
judgments by the Synod, and whensoever this is done, those who were members
of the commission shall be present and assist in forming all such judgments as
the Synod may think proper to make upon any such review."
And we do appoint for a commission the ensuing 3'ear, Messrs. John Miller,
Matthew Wilson, John Todd, David Caldwell, John King, Robert Cooper, Jo-
seph Montgomery, James Fiuley, William Forster, Richard Treat, Andrew
Hunter, Cleurge Duffield, Dr. Francis Alison, Patrick Alison, William Tennent,
Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter, Azariah Horton, Dr.
John Rodgers, James Caldwell, David Rose, Wheeler Case, James Sproat, Ben-
jamin Chesnutt, John Simonton, John Brainerd, Israel Reed, Thomas Lewis,
with the moderator ; and elders, John Thompson of New Castle, Joseph Cowan
of Octorara, John McCalla of Philadelphia, Daniel Clark of Greenwich, Wil-
liam McMuUen of Philadelphia, William Bresban of Pequea, Andrew Bryan
of Drawyers, Anthony Tate of New Town; and twenty -two, with the mode-
rator, shall be a quorum.
Ordered, To proceed in appointing supplies.
Mr. Latta is appointed to supply up the West Branch of Susquehanna five
Sabbaths in the months of October and November; and Mr. Samuel Dougal, a
probationer, under the care of New Castle Presbytery, seven Sabbaths in July
and August.
3Ir. John Hanna is appointed to supply eight Sabbaths between this and
next fall, in the vacancies beyond the Allegheny mountains.
Mr. Samuel Smith, a probationer, under the care of New Castle Presbytery,
is appointed to supply four months between this and next meeting of Synod, on
the frontier parts of Pennsylvania, and in Virginia, if his state of health
shall admit of it.
Mr. John Debow, a probationer, under the care of New Brunswick Presby-
tery, and Mr. Samuel 31cCorkle, a probationer, under the care of New York
Presbytery, are appointed to go to the southward as soon as they conveniently
can, and supply under the direction of the Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange,
each of them one whole year at least.
Mr. Forster is appointed to supply six Sabbaths in the frontier parts of Penn-
sylvania, in the months of September and October.
460 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774.
And the Synod recommend it to the several Presbyteries to afford what fur-
ther assistance they can to the Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange, by proba-
tioners under their care.
Messrs. Clark and Thomas Smith had leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'chcl; P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Blair, formerly in connection with this Synod, being
now present, requested to be enrolled as a member, which request was granted,
and he accordingly took his seat, and the Synod desire Mr. Blair to join him-
self to some one of our Presbyteries as soon as he conveniently can.
The Synod taking into their serious consideration the dark and threatening
aspect of our public affairs, both civil and religious, as loudly calling for deep
humiliation before Grod, and earnest application to the throne of grace, do agree
to observe the third Thursday of June next, as a day of solemn fasting and
prayer, to implore the Divine compassion, that it may please God in his great
mercy to avert the calamities which, on account of our manifold provocations,
we have great reason to fear.
An overture by the Bev. Mr. Matthew Wilson, proposing a method to secure
the lasting union and credit of the Presbyterian body, was brought in and read,
and taken into consideration, and the Synod recommend it to their members to
make themselves well acquainted with the fundamental principles of the Pres-
byterian constitution.
A paper from Mr. S. Kennedy was brought in, containing a complaint against
the conduct of the Presbytery of Donegal, and the members who met with
them according to appointment of last Synod. As the Synod have not time at
present to enter upon the consideration of this matter, and if they had time,
Mr. Kennedy is not prepared with his witnesses for trial, they agree to defer it
till next Synod, and order Mr. Kennedy in the mean time to submit to the
judgment of the Presbytery, and that he appear then prepared to support his
complaint against the said Presbytery, and that the Presbytery be careful to
prepare for their own vindication, that this matter may then be fully heard and
issued.
A letter from the Associate Presbytery, in Pennsylvania, signed by the
Rev. William Marshal, Presbytery clerk, was brought in and read, represent-
ing that for reasons which to them appear valid, they are not at present dis-
posed to unite with this Synod, which letter is ordered to be entered in the
Appendix.
The Synod finding by their printed accounts that many members have not
yet collected, according to the order of Synod, 1772, wherefore they now
again order the Presbyteries to require those who have not collected, as ap-
pears from the printed lists, that they should collect this year, and bring .said
collections in by their Presbyterial treasurers at next sessions of Synod.
An address, on a matter apprehended to be of great importance to our general
interest, was brought in and read ; the consideration of it deferred till our next
meeting of Synod.
An overture for resolving this Synod into three Synods was brought in and
read; the consideration thereof deferred to next meeting of Synod.
Adjourned to New York, to meet at ten o'clock, on the third Wednesday of
next May. Concluded with prayer.
1775.] . NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 461
1775.
New York, May Yltli, 1775.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment,
Uhi post preces sederunt
Of the Presbytery of Dutchess county : The Rev. Messrs. Wheeler Case,
Samuel Mills, and Ichabod Lewis.
Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. Rodgers, the Rev. Messrs.
Thomas Lewis, Alexander McWhorter, Benjamin Hait, Aaron Richards, Ben-
jamin Woodruff, Joseph Treat, James Caldwell, Jedidiah Chapman, Nathan
Kerr, John Close, Azel Roe, and Alexander Miller.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, William Ten-
nent, Israel Reed, and Francis Peppard.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Andrew Hunter,
and James Boyd.
Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Smith.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Cooper.
Elders: Messrs. Elisha Beart, Nathaniel Ball, Peter Ryker, . Robert Ogden,
and Garret Noel.
Absent : Of the Presbytery of Dutchess county : The Rev. Messrs. Elisha
Kent, Dunlap, Eliphalet Ball, Chancey Graham, Solomon Mead, Blackleech
Burnett, and David Close.
The whole of the Presbytery of Suffolk.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Simon Horton, Azariah Hor-
ton, Jacob Green, Timothy Jones, John Moffatt, Abner Brush, Andrew Bay,
Hugh Knox, Jonathan Elmer, Amzi Lewis, and Jacob Yanarsdalen.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Messrs. Charles McKnight,
Elihu Spencer, Samuel Kennedy, John Guild, Jeremiah Halsey, John Hanna,
Thomas Smith, John Rosborough, and William Schenck.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat,
James Sproafc, George Duffield, Alexander Mitchel, Nathaniel Erwin, Daniel
McCalla, Benjamin Chesnutt, John Brainerd, Nehemiah Greenman, Enoch
Green, Samuel Eakin, William Hollinshead, and James Watt.
The whole of the second Philadelphia Presbytery.
The whole of the Lewestown Presbytery.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell,
James Finley, William McKennan, John Carmichael, Joseph Montgomery,
John Clark, William Foster, Joseph Smith, John McCreary, John Woodhull,
Thomas Read, James Anderson, and Thomas Smith.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, John
Roan, John Hoge, Joseph Rhea, James Hunt, Amos Thompson, John Slem-
mons, John Craighead, James Lang, John King, Hezekiah Balch, and Hugh
Yance.
Absent, the Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange.
IMr. Robert Smith, moderator for the last year, opened the Synod with a
sermon on John xxi. 15, 16, 17.
Mr. Hait was chosen moderator, Messrs. Joseph Treat and Robert Cooper
clerks.
The Rev. Dr. Nathaniel Whitaker, of the Presbytery of Boston, and the Rev.
Levi Frisby being present, were invited and sat as correspondents.
The Presbytery of Dutchess county report, that since our sessions in May,
1773, they have ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, Messrs. David
Close and Blackleech Burnet.
New York Presbytery report, that since our last they have licensed to preach
462 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP . [1775.
the gospel j\Ir. Ebcnezcr Bradford ; ordained to the work of the gospel ministry,
Messrs. Mathias Burnet and Joseph Grover; and that they have recalled Mr,
Periam's license to preach ; and received the Rev. Mr. Vauarsdale from the
Presbytery of New Brunswick. Mr. Burnet being present, takes his seat as a
member.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick report, that since our last they have
licensed to preach the gospel, Mr. Philip Stockton, and received from the Pres-
bytery of Sterling in Scotland, the Rev. Mr. James Gourly.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that since our last they have licensed
to preach the gospel, Messrs. Philip Vicars Fithiau, Andrew Hunter, Israel
Evans, and Robert Keith ; ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, Messrs.
Nathaniel Irwin and Daniel McCalla.
New Castle Presbytery report, that since our last they have licensed to preach
the gospel, Messrs. Ebenezer Brooks and John Mc-Millan ; and deposed from
the gospel ministry Mr. Sampson Smith.
Donegal Presbytery report, that since our last they have licensed to preach
the gospel, Messrs. William Adolphus Linn, John McKuight, and James
McCounell ; ordained to the work of the gospel ministry Mr. Thomas Mc-
Pherrin ; received as a correspondent member, the Rev. Collin McFarquhar
from the Presbytery of Garloch in Scotland, and received the Rev. Hezekiah
Balch from the Presbytery of Orange ; and that on the twenty-first of jMay last,
the Rev. John Strain was removed by death.
The Rev. Mr. Joseph Tate, of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, has,
since our last, been removed by death.
The Presbytery of Suffolk have, since our last, ordained to the work of
the gospel ministry, Mr. John Davenport, who being present takes his seat as a
member.
Messrs. Close, Roe, Kerr, Peppard, Ichabod Lewis, Boyd, Davenport, and
Robert Smith, with Messrs. Ogden, and Ball, elders, are appointed a committee
of overtures to meet by six o'clock at this place to-morrow morning, and by
adjournments afterwards as occasion may require.
Adjourned to meet at nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
ISth (lajj^ nine o'clock, A. 21., The Si/nod met according to adjournment.
Post preccs sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Joseph Riggs, IMr. McWhorter's elder, is now come.
Messrs. Robert Smith and Caldwell are appointed a committee to examine
the Donegal Presbytery book. As no other Presbytery books are brought,
ordered, that each Presbytery bring their books to our next Synod, and par-
ticularly inasmuch as the books of Dutchess, Suffolk, and Hanover, have not
for some years past been produced, it is ordered that those Presbyteries be
punctual in bringing them to our next meeting of Synod.
Messrs. Timothy Jones and Jonathan Elmer are now come, their reasons for
not attending .sooner, sustained.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Messrs. McWhorter and Caldwell, are ap-
pointed a coiiniiittee to bring in, as soon as convenient, a draught of a minute
respecting the congregations sending elders to our judicatures.
The committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands of the trea-
surer of the college of New Jersey, for the education of poor and pious youth,
report, that they met according to appointment, and disposed of the money in
hand last year.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Messrs. Tennent, Guild, Spencer, Caldwell,
Halscy, Richard Treat, Israel Reed, Alexander McWhorter, and Roe, are ap-
pointed a committee, any three of whom to be a quorum, to meet at Princeton
1775.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 463
the third "Wednesday of next August, to dispose of said money for the present
year.
Mr. Halsey is now come, his reason for not attending sooner, sustained. John
"Welch, Mr. Case's elder, is now come.
The committee of Philadelphia for purchasing and distributing books, are not
present to make any report agreeable to the order of last Synod.
The Synodical treasurer reports, that he has obtained a bond with sufl&cient
security for the payment of the legacy bequeathed by the Rev. Diodate -Johnston
of Connecticut.
Doctor Rodgers fulfilled the mission on the frontiers as appointed, his pulpit
was supplied as ordered. The Doctor's report concerning said mission deferred
till to-morrow.
Neither Mr. Caldwell nor Mr. McWhorter fulfilled the mission appointed
them, their reasons sustained.
Doctor Ptodgers's report respecting his mission deferred till next sederunt.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick inform, that on account of the absence
of their stated clerk, they cannot now produce the certificates on which they
received Mr. Gourly, agreeable to the order of last Synod respecting such
cases.
Ordered, That said certificates be produced at the next Synod.
The Presbytery of Donegal fulfilled the appointment respecting the adminis-
tration of the Lord's Supper at Great Cove.
The Synod appoint as a commission for the present year, the Ptev. Messrs.
Richard Treat, John Miller, Matthew "Wilson, John Todd, David Caldwell,
John King, Robert Cooper, Joseph Montgomery, James Finley, "William
Foster, Andrew Hunter, George Duffield, Dr. Alison, Patrick Alison, "William
Tennent, Dr. "Witherspoon, Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander
McWhorter, Azariah Horton, Dr. Rodgers, James Caldwell, David Rose,
"Wheeler Case, James Sproat, Benjamin Chestnutt, John Simonton, John
Brainerd, Israel Reed, and Thomas Lewis, with the moderator; and elders,
Messrs. Robert Ogden, Garret Noel, Peter Ryker, Elisha Beach, Nathaniel
Ball, Joseph Riggs, Maskel Ewing, Gunning Bedford, McMillan, and George
Bryan, twenty-two of whom, with the moderator, to be a quorum ; and in case
of the death of the moderator, the first upon the above list to be moderator, and
to call the commission.
Mr. Dcbow has not fulfilled the mission to the southern colonies ; the reasons
for the omission were sustained.
Messrs. Samuel Smith and Samuel Dugal have fulfilled their appointments.
Messrs. Latta, John Hannah, and Forster, have not fulfilled their appoint-
ments, ordered by the last Synod.
The Synod are not informed whether the Rev. Samuel Blair has become a
member of any of our Presbyteries, agreeable to the order of last Synod.
The order of Synod respecting a fast was complied with.
Adjourned to meet at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
("With Messrs. Vanarsdale and Irwin, as also Mr. Bayley, Mr. Burnet's elder,
who are now come, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.)
Mr. Bay is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained ; his
elder is John Albertis, who is also present.
Dr. "Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Messrs. Caldwell, Halsey, Smith, Kerr, and
Ogden, are appointed a committee to bring in to-morrow in the afternoon, a
draught of a pastoral letter.
464 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1775.
Ordered, That Mr. Brainerd receive this year the interest of the three hun-
dred pounds in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey College for an Indian
mission.
Messrs. Ilait, Woodruff, E,oe, Elmer, Thomas Lewis, and Chapman, are ap-
pointed a committee in behalf of the Synod, to inquire into the design of the
aforesaid fund, and to endeavour to settle with the trustees of the said college
the day after their public commencement, to what purposes the interest of it
ought to be applied, and by whom the objects shall be nominated.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 19<7t, nine o^docJc, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
])reccs sederunt qui sujjra.
The minutes of the last general convention were brought in by Dr. Rodgers,
their stated register, and read.
The Synod appoint as delegates for the next convention, Messrs. Dr. "Witlicr-
spoon. Dr. Alison, Dr. Ilodgers, Wheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis, Samuel Mills,
David Kose, John Davenport, Joseph Treat, Thomas Lewis, Benjamin Wood-
ruif, John Close, Benjamin Halt, Jeremiah Halsey, p]lihu Spencer, Israel
Heed, John Brainerd, James Sproat, Nathaniel Irwin, Ilobert Davison, Joseph
Montgomery, and John Woodhiill, to meet at Greenfield in Connecticut, the
first Wednesday of next September. Mr. Joseph Treat to open the conven-
tion with a sermon, and in case of Mr. Treat's absence, Mr. Hait to preach the
sermon.
By the committee of overtures was brought in an application from the Pres-
byterian congregation in Salem, in the province of Massachusetts Bay, under
the care of the llev. Dr. Whitaker, representing that in October last, together
with many other valuable buildings, their meeting-house had been consumed
by fire ; and earnestly soliciting this Synod to commiserate their case, and take
such methods for their relief as to them may appear expedient. As also,
an earnest address from the Presbytery of Boston to the Synod, in favour of
said society.
The Synod, considering the distressed condition of said people, agree in
heartily recommending them as an object of charity, hoping all persons of ability
will contribute to their relief.
Mr. John WoodhuU is now come; his reasons for not attending sooner,
sustained.
Doctor Rodgers reports, that in his mission on the frontiers of the province
of New York, he preached at many different places, met with a very agree-
able reception, endeavoured to form the people into religious societies as far
as circumstances would admit; that those people very gratefully acknow-
ledged the Synod's care respecting them, and earnestly request the continu-
ance of it.
The Synod considering the present alarming state of public affairs, do una-
nimously judge it their duty to call all the congregations under their care to
solemn fasting, humiliation, and prayer, and for this purpose appoint the last
Thursday of June next to be carefully and religiously observed. But as the
Continental Congress are now sitting, who may probably appoint a fast for the
same purpose, the Synod, from respect to that august body, aud for the greater
harmony with all other denominations, and for the greater public order, if the
Congress shall appoint a day not above four weeks distant from the said last
Thursday of June, order that the congregations belonging to this Synod do
keep the day appointed by the Congress, in obedience to this resolution ; and if
they appoint a day more distant, the Synod order both to be observed by all
our communion. The Synod also earnestly recommend it to all the cougre-
1775.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 4bo
gations under their care to spend the afternoon of the last Thursday in every
month in public solemn prayer to God, during the continuance of our present
troubles.
The Synod order, that each Presbytery take care to endeavour to obtain col-
lections for pious uses in all those congregations who have not yet contributed
agreeably to our last act for that purpose, and be prepared to make report re-
specting this matter at the next meeting of Synod; and that the clerks serve
the absent Presbyteries with copies of this minute.
A reference was brought in by the Presbytery of New York respecting the
propriety of ordaining Mr. Ebenezer Bradford to the gospel ministry sine titido.
After deliberation and reasoning on this affair the Synod agree to remit it to
the Presbytery.
Adjourned to meet at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three dcloclc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Application was made to the Synod by the Presbytery of New Castle for
advice respecting the propriety of Mr. Samuel Smith's being ordained by said
Presbytery of New Castle, under whose care he is, in consequence of his hav-
ing accepted a call from a congregation within the bounds of the Presbytery of
Hanover.
The Synod having heard all the circumstances relative to this case, and de-
liberated thereon, agree that it is not expedient for the Presbytery of New Cas-
tle to ordain Mr. Smith as the matter now stands.
The committee for bringing in the draught of a Pastoral Letter, report that
they have not yet completed said draught.
Ordered, That they bring it in to-morrow morning.
A question was brought into Synod by the New Castle Presbytery respecting
the expediency of receiving young men on trials for the ministry without their
having obtained a college diploma.
The consideration of this question deferred till the next meeting of Synod.
Messrs. Tennent, Thomas Lewis, and Boyd, have leave to go home.
A petition was brought into Synod by the Rev. Hugh McGill, who appeared
before the Synod in the year 1773, representing that he is now able to lay be-
fore this Synod further light respecting his character, and earnestly requesting
to be received as a member.
The Synod having read all the papers produced by Mr. McGill, and heard
such verbal testimony as could be obtained respecting him ; and also heard
Mr. McGill's representation of his own case, proceeded to serious_ consideration
of this matter.
After some time spent in reasoning on the affair, agreed to defer the decision
of it till next sederunt.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
May 10th, nine o'cloch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Mr. McGill resumed. The Synod having heard all that could
at present be further oifered in respect to IMr. IMcGill, and again deliberated on
his case, find that he had been suspended from preaching by the Burgher As-
sociate Presbytery of Mouaghan in Ireland, and afterwards deposed by the
Burgher Associate Synod of Edinburgh ; and do therefore judge, that however
59
46G MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1775.
wc have credible testimony in favour of his character, both before the accusa-
tion was brought against him in his own Presbytery, and since his removal
from Ireland, yet wc cannot, at present, receive him as a member. But willing
to do every thing in our power for his relief, agree in the moan time, to take
every possible method to obtain information, both from the Presbytery which
suspended, and the Synod which deposed him. And accordingly we appoint
Pr. Kodgers to endeavour to obtain all the light he can from the Associate
Presbytery of Monaghan, and Dr. Withersjwon to procure such infnrmation as
he can from the above-mentioned Synod, respecting said 3Ir. 31c(jiill, to be laid
before the Synod at their next meeting.
The committee brought in a draught of a Pastoral Letter, which, after a few
alterations, was approved, ordered to be printed, and is as follows :
" A Pastoral Letter, dr.
''Very dear Brethren — The Synod of New York and Philadelphia being met
at a time when public afi'airs wear so threatening an aspect, and wiieu (unless
God in his sovereign Providence speedily prevent it) all the horrors of a civil
war throughout this great Continent are to be apprehended, were of opinion,
that they could not discharge their duty to the numerous congregations under
their care, without addressing them at this important crisis. As the firm be-
lief, and habitual recollection of the power and presence of the living God,
ought at all times to possess the minds of real Christians, so in seasons of pub-
lic calamity, when the Lord is known by the judgment which he executeth, it
would be an ignorance or indifference highly criminal not to look up to him
with reverence, to implore his mercy by humble and fervent prayer, and, if
possible, to prevent his vengeance by unfeigned repentance.
" We do therefore, brethren, beseech you in the most earnest manner, to look
beyond the immediate authors either of your sufferings or fears, and to ac-
knowledge the holiness and justice of the Almighty in the present visitation.
He is righteous in all his ways, and holy in all his works. Affliction springeth
not out of the dust. He cloth not aiilict willingly, nor grieve the children
of men; and, therefore, it becomes every person, family, city, and province,
to humble themselves before his throne, to confess their sins, by which they
have provoked his indignation, and intreat him to pour out upon all ranks a
spirit of repentance and of prayer. Fly also for forgiveness to the atoning
blood of the great lledeemer — the blood of sprinkling, which speaketh better
things than that of Abel, llemember and confess not only your sins in gene-
ral, but those prevalent national offences, which may be justly considered as
the procuring causes of public judgments; particularly profancness and con-
tempt of God, his name. Sabbaths, and sanctuary ; pride, luxury, uncleanncss,
and neglect of family religion and government, with the deplorable ignorance
and security which certainly ought to be imputed to this as their jirincipal
cause. All these arc, among us, highly aggravated by the inestimable privi-
leges which wc have hitherto enjoj-ed without interruption since the first settle-
ment of this country. If, in the present day of dit^tress, we expect that God
will hear our supplications, and interpose for our protection or deliverance, let
us remember, what he himself requires of us is, that our prayers should be at-
tended witli a sincere purpose, and thorough endeavour after personal and family
reformation. If thou prcjiare thine heart, and stretch out thine hand towards
him, if iniijuity be in thine hand, put it far away, and let not wickedness dwell
in thy tabernacles. Job xi. lo, 14.
"The Synod cannot help thinking that this is a proper time for pressing all
of every rank, seriously to consider the things that belong to their eternal peace
1775.] ^'EW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 46?
Hostilities, long feared, have now taken place ; the sword has been drawn in
cue province, and the whole continent, with hardly any exception, seem deter-
mined to defend their rights by force of arms. If, at the same time, the Brit-
ish ministry shall continue to enforce their claims by violence, a lasting and
bloody contest must be expected. Surely, then, it becomes those who have
taken up arms, and profess a willingness to hazard their lives in the cause of
liberty, to be prepared for death, which to many must be certain, and to every
one is a possible or probable event.
" We have long seen with concern, the circumstances which occasioned, and
the gradual increase of this unhappy diiference. As ministers of the gospel
of peace, we have ardently wished that it could, and often hoped that it wonld
have been more early accommodated. It is well known to you, (otherwise it
would be imprudent indeed thus publicly to profess,) that we have not been
instrumental in inflaming the minds of the peojjle, or urging them to acts of
violence and disorder. Perhaps no instance can be given on so interesting a
subject, in which political sentiments have been so long and so fully kept from
the pulpit, and even malice itself has not charged us with labouring from the
press ; but things are now come to such a state, that as we do not wish to conceal
our opinions as men and citizens, so the relation we stand in to you seemed to
make the present improvement of it to your spiritual benefit, an indispensable
duty.
" Suffer us then to lay hold of your present temper of mind, and to exhort,
especially the young and vigorous, by assuring them that there is no soldier so
undaunted as the pious man, no army so formidable as those who are superior to
the fear of death. There is nothing more awful to think of, than that those
whose trade is war should be despisers of the name of the Lord of hosts, and
that they should expose themselves to the imminent danger of being immedi-
ately sent from cursing and cruelty on the earth, to the blaspheming rage and
despairing horror of the infernal pit. Let therefore, every one, who from gene-
rosity of spirit, or benevolence of heart, offers himself as a champion in his
country's cause, be persuaded to reverence the name, and walk in the fear of
the Prince of the kings of the earth, and then he may, with the most unshaken
firmness, expect the issue either in victory or death.
''Let it not be forgotten, that though for the wise ends of his Providence it
may please God, for a season to suffer his people to lie under unmerited oppres-
sion, yet in general we may expect, that those who fear and serve him in sin-
cerity and truth, will be favoured with his countenance and strength. It is both
the character and the privilege of the children of God, that they call upon him
in the day of trouble, and he, who keepeth covenant and truth for ever, has
said, that his ears are always open to their cry. We need not mention to you
in how many instances the event in battles, and success in war, have turned
upon circumstances which were inconsiderable in themselves, as well as out of
the power of human prudence to foresee or direct, because we suppose you
firmly believe that after all the counsels of men, and the most probable and
promising means, the Lord will do that which seemeth him good ; nor hath his
promise ever failed of its full accomplishment; 'the Lord is with you while ye
be with him, and if ye seek him he will be found of you ; but if ye forsake
him he will forsake you.' 2 Chron. xv. 2.
" After this exhortation, which we thought ourselves called upon to give you
at this time, on your great interest, the one thing needful, we shall take the
liberty to offer a few advices to the societies under our charge, as to their public
and general conduct; and,
'• First. In carrying on this important struggle, let every opportunity be
taken to express your attachment and respect to our sovereign King George,
and to the revolution principles by which his august family was seated on the
468 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1775.
Britisli throne. We recommend, indeed, not only allegiance to him from duty
and principle, as the first magistrate of the empire, but esteem and reverence
for the person of the prince, who has merited well of his subjects on many ac-
counts, and who has probably been misled into the late and present measures
by those about him ; neither have we any doubt that they themselves have been
in a great degree deceived by false information from interested persons resid-
ing in America. It gives us the greatest pleasure to say, from our own certain
knowledge of all belonging to our communion, and from the best means of in-
formation, of the far greatest part of all denominations in this country, that the
present opposition to the measures of administration does not in the least arise
from disaftection to the king, or a desire of separation from the parent state.
We are happy in being able with truth to affirm, that no part of America
would either have approved or permitted such insults as have been oifered to
the sovereign in Great Britain. AVe exhort you, therefore, to continue in the
same disposition, and not to suffer oppression, or injury itself, easily to provoke
you to any thing which may seem to betray contrary sentiments : let it ever ap-
pear, that you only desire the preservation and security of those rights which
belong to you as freemen and Britons, and that reconciliation upon these terms
is your most ardent desire.
*' Secondly. Be careful to maintain the union which at present subsists
through all the colonies ; nothing can be more manifest than that the success of
every measure depends on its being inviolably preserved, and therefore, we hope
that you will leave nothing undone which can promote that end. In particular,
as the Continental Congress, now sitting at Philadelphia, consists of delegates
chosen in the most free and unbiassed manner, by the body of the people, let
them not only be treated with respect, and encouraged in their difficult service
— not only let your prayers be offered up to God for his direction in their pro-
ceedings— but adhere firmly to their resolutions ; and let it be seen that they
are able to bring out the whole strength of this vast country to carry them into
execution. We would also advise for the same purpose, that a spirit of can-
dour, charity, and mutual esteem, be preserved and promoted towards those of
different religious denominations. Persons of probity and principle of every
profession, should be united together as servants of the same master, and the
experience of our happy concord hitherto in a state of liberty should engage
all to unite in support of the common interest ; for there is no example in
history, in which civil liberty was destroyed, and the rights of conscience pre-
served entire.
" Thirdly. We do earnestly exhort and beseech the societies under our
care to be strict and vigilant in their private government, and to watch over
the morals of their several members. It is with the utmost pleasure we re-
mind you, that the last Continental Congress determined to discourage luxury
in living, public diversions, and gaming of all kinds, which have so fotal an
influence on the morals of the people. If it is undeniable that universal pro-
fligacy makes a nation ripe for Divine judgments, and is the natural means of
bringing them to ruin, reformation of manners is of the utmost necessity in
our present distress. At the same time, as it has been observed by many emi-
nent writers, that the censorial power, which had for its object the manners of
the public in the ancient free States, was absolutely necessary to their continu-
ance, we cannot help being of opinion that the only thing which we have now
to supply the place of this is, the religious discipline of the several sects with
respect to their own members; so that the denomination or profession which
shall take the most efiectual care of the instruction of its members, and main-
tain its discipline in the fullest vigour, will do the most essential service to the
whole body. For the very same reason, the greatest service which magistrates,
or persons in authority, can do, with respect to the religion or morals of the
1775.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA." 469
people, is to defend and secure the rights of conscience in the most equal and
impartial manner.
'' Fourthly. We cannot but recommend, and urge in the warmest manner, a
regard to order and the public peace ; and as in many places, during the confu-
sions that prevail, legal proceedings have become difficult, it is hoped that all
persons will conscientiously pay their just debts, and to the utmost of their power
serve one another, so that the evils inseparable from a civil war may not be aug-
mented by wantonness and irregularity.
'' Fifthly. We think it of importance, at this time, to recommend to all of
every rank, but especially to those who may be called to action, a spirit of hu-
manity and mercy. Every battle of the warrior is with confused noise, and
garments rolled in blood. It is impossible to appeal to the sword without being
exposed to many scenes of cruelty and slaughter ; but it is often observed, that
civil wars are carried on with a rancour and spirit of revenge much greater than
those between independent States. The injuries received, or supposed, in civil
wars, wound more deeply than those of foreign enemies, it is therefore the more
necessary to guard against this abuse, and recommend that meekness and gentle-
ness of spirit, which is the noblest attendant on true valour. That man will
fight most bravely, who never fights till it is necessary, and who ceases to fight
as soon as the necessity is over.
" Lastly. We would recommend to all the societies under our care, not to
content themselves with attending devoutly on general fasts, but to continue
habitually in the exercise of prayer, and to have frequent occasional voluntary
meetings for solemn intercession with God on the important trial. Those who
are immediately exposed to danger need your sympathy ; and we learn from the
Scriptures, that fervency and importunity are the very characters of that prayer
of the righteous man that availeth much.
" We conclude with our most earnest prayer, that the God of heaven may
bless you in your temporal and spiritual concei-ns, and that the present unnatural
dispute may be speedily terminated by an equitable and lasting settlement on
constitutional principles.
" Signed in the name, presence, and by appointment of the Synod.
" Benjamin Hait, Moderator.
" Miu York, May 22c7, 1775."
N. B. The stated clerk is to insert the pastoral letter from the printed copy.
The Synod agree that five hundred copies of the said pastoral letter be printed:
and order the Synodical treasurer to pay the expenses of printing, which is to
be by the Synod refunded at their next meeting.
Mr. Ilalsey dissents from that paragraph of said letter which contains the
declarations of allegiance.
Adjourned to meet at three o'clock, P. M. next Monday. Concluded with
prajcr.
Monday, May 22, tliree o'docTc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjmrn-
ment. Post i) feces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to meet with the corporation of the widows' fund,
read the report of their conduct in that matter, which is approved.
The Synod appoint as a committee for the same purpose, the Ptev. Messrs.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Ilichards, McWhorter, and Caldwell, to meet
to-morrow at twelve o'clock.
Mr. Samuel Kennedy, a candidate from Ireland, who appeared before the
Synod in the years 1772, 1773, and last year, again appeared and offered a
paper of complaints against the judicature, which, agreeable to order of Synod,
470 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1775.
had sat on Lis trial in June, 1773, and praying the Synod to give him a
hearing.
The Synod finding that said Mr. Kennedy had obeyed their last year's order,
agreed to hear him.
Mr. Kennedy having been heard at great length against said judicature, and
Mr. Cooper having, as far as time would admit, in the name of the Presbytery,
replied to Mr. Kennedy's charges, the Synod agreed to defer the further hearing
of this afiair till next sederunt.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
3Iai/ 23. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post j^reces sederunt
qui supra.
Proceeded to hear Mr. Kennedy's complaint against the judicature as men-
tioned yesterday. Both parties were fully heard, and the Synod unanimously
agreed that Mr. Kennedy had not supported his complaint, and we do there-
fore dismiss it as frivolous and groundless.
Mr. John Woodhull requested leave of absence, which was granted.
Adjourned till three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'chch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment Post jtreccs
sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Sacket, a member of New York Presbytery, requests
to be disannexed from the Presbytery to which he nov? belongs, and restored to
the Presbytery of Dutchess county. His request is granted, and he is accord-
ingly to be received and enrolled as a member of the said Presbytery.
The Synod proceeded to consider the business of supplies. The Synod order
the Synodical treasurer to pay to Mr. Irwin nine pounds nine shillings and
three pence, on account of his mission on the western frontiers of Pennsylvania
and Virginia; to Mr. Jones for supplying, one pound five shillings and eight
pence; to Mr. Richards for ditto, three pounds eleven shillings; to Mr. Halt
for ditto, two pounds two shillings; to Mr. Elmer for ditto, seventeen shillings;
to Mr. Kerr for ditto, one pound six shillings.
Mr. Ebenezer Brooks is appointed to spend five months in supplying amongst
the vacancies in the colony of Virginia, before the next meeting of Synod, under
the care of the Hanover I'rcsbytery.
Mr. Debow to supply nine months amongst the Carolina vacancies before the
next meeting of Synod, under the care of the Presbytery of Orange.
Mr. Keith, Mr. Hunter, jun'r., and Mr. Fithian, are appointed each of them
to supply three months under the care of the Presbytery of Donegal, and each
of them three months under the care of the Presbytery of Hanover, before our
next meeting; and also to spend what time they can in supplying under the
care of the Presbytery of Orange.
Ordered, That Mr. Sproat, the stated clerk, furnisli each of the above men-
tioned gentlemen with proper certificates for their mission.
A supplication from the Presbyterian Congregation in Albany, praying for
supplies, and that some members of the Synod may be sent to visit the country
to the northward of the city, and that their congregation may be taken from
under the care of the Presbytery of Dutchess and put under the care of the
Presbytery of New York, was brought in and read; the said congregation,
agreeable to their request, are put under the care of the Presbytery of New
York.
Mr. Ichabod Lewis is appointed to spend six Sabbaths in supplying in Al-
bany, Charlotte, and Tryun counties, in the province of New York, to set out
177G.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 471
on this mission about the middle of June next ; Mr. Burnet to supply his pul-
pit the fourth Sabbath in June at the White Plains, Mr. Samuel Sacket the
first Sabbath of July at the White Plains, Mr. Mead the second Sabbath of
July at the White Plains, Dr. Eodgers the third Sabbath of July at New Ro-
chelle, Mr. Mills the fourth Sabbath of July at the White Plains, Mr. Barret
the last Sabbath of July at the White Plains.
Mr. Miller is appointed to supply every fifth Sabbath until our next meeting,
at his discretion, in the vacancies in the neighbourhood of Schenectady.
Mr. Kerr is appointed to set out about the middle of September on a mis-
sion in the above mentioned counties, and spend six Sabbaths in supplying in
those parts.
Mr. John Close to supply Mr. Kerr's pulpit the last Sabbath of September;
Mr. Amzi Lewis the first Sabbath of October, Mr. MoSat the second, Mr.
David Close the third, Mr. Case the fourth, and Mr. Grover the fifth.
Adjourned to meet at the first Presbyterian church in Philadelphia, the third
Wednesday of May next, at ten o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1776.
PhllacMplda, May 22(7, 1776, ten ddoch, A. M.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment at
the first Presbyterian church. Ubi jwst j^i'cces sederunt
Present : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Bev. Benjamin Halt and
Jcdidiah Chapman.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. William Zanchy.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Richard Treat, Jam&g
Sproat, Greorge Duffield, Alexander Mitchell, William Holliugshead, and Na-
thaniel Irwin.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Alison and Dr,
Ewing.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Robert Smith, William Forster,
John Woodhull, James Wilson, and James Anderson.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. John Craighead and Robert
Cooper.
Elders present : Messrs. Thomas Bourne, Benjamin Snodgrass, and William
Davidson.
Absent : Of the New York Presbytery : The Rev. Alexander McWhorter,
James Caldwell, Aaron Richards, Roe, Jones, Elmer, Greer, Vanarsdale,
Woodruff, and Treat.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. McKnight, Smith, Guild,
Reed, Kennedy, Peppard, Hannah, and Lyon.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Greenman, Brainerd,
Green, McCalla.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. Steel and Si-
monton.
Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Clark, Montgomery, and
Read.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Thompson, Rhea, Hogg,
Hunt, Amos Thompson, Long, King, Vance, Black, Dougal, and McEerran.
The whole Presbyteries of Lewestown, Hanover, Orange, Dutchess, and
Suffolk.
Mr. Benjamin Halt, moderator for the last year, opened the Synod with a
sermon from 1 Timothy i. 12.
The Continental Congress having appointed a general fast to be kept on
the 17th of this instant^ several members from different Presbyteries applied
472 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1776.
to the moderator, requesting him to give public notice for the postponing the
meeting of Synod until the fourth Wednesday of this month, in order that the
ministers might attend with their congregations on said fast day, with which
the moderator complied; and accordingly the Synod have now convened,
and however, the Synod judge and hereby declare, that the Synodical mode-
rator has not authority, either with or without the concurrence of particular
members, to alter the time of meeting to which the Synod stands adjourned,
yet in the present extraordinary case they approve of what the moderator has
done.
The time being now elapsed, and few members being present, the choice
of a moderator and clerks for the ensuing sessions, is deferred till the after-
noon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Tliree o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post precei>
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. James Finley is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained ;
his elder is Mr. Amos Alexander.
The Kev. Messrs. Elder, Rosborough, Latta, and Mitchell, are now come,
their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.
The Synod proceeded to choose a moderator and clerks, accordingly Mr.
Cooper was chosen moderator, and Mr. Forster and Mr. Chapman clerks.
Dr. Witherspoon and Mr. Carmichael are now come, their reasons for not
coming sooner, sustained. Mr. Samuel Holliday, Mr. Carmichael's elder, and
Mr. John Whitehill, Mr. Robert Smith's elder, are now come.
Those of the members now present, who did not attend at the last meeting
of Synod, gave reasons for their non-attendance, which are sustained.
Mr. Rosborough's elder, Mr. John Walker, is now come.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that since our last they have ordained
Mr. Diboa to the work of the gospel ministry, who being present took his seat;
and that they have licensed Messrs. John Worford and Hugh White.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that the Rev. Messrs. Andrew
Hunter and Benjamin Chesuutt were removed by death; Mr. Chesnutt the
twenty-first day of July, and Mr. Hunter the twenty-eighth day of July, 1775;
and have ordained Mr. Israel Evans and Mr. William Lynn to qualify them
to act as chaplains in the army, to which they had been appointed ; and have
licensed Mr. James Greer since our last ; Mr. Lynn being present took his
seat.
Donegal Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. John Roan was removed by
death the second day of last October; and have ordained Mr. John Black and
Samuel Dougal to the work of the gospel ministry.
They also report that they have received the Rev. Mr. McFarquhar from
Scotland, and laid [the credentials upon which they received him before the
Synod, with which the Synod being satisfied, Mr. McFarquhar being present,
took his seat.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have dismissed Mr. Samuel Stan-
hope Smith, to join Hanover Presbytery, and Mr. Ebenezer Brooks, to join
Lewestown Presbytery, and Mr. John McMillan, to Donegal Presbytery.
Mr. Tennent is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained ;
his elder, Peter Firmin, is also come.
Mr. Halsey is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained.
Messrs. Benjamin Halt, Schanck, Mitchell, Finley, WoodhuU, ^IcFarqu-
bar, and Craighead, with elders, Messrs. AVilliam Davidson, John Whiteliill,
and John Walker, are appointed a committee of overtures; to meet in this
1776.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 473
place to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, and by adjournments from time to
time.
The minutes of the last Convention were brought in and read.
The Synod considering the distracted situation of our public affairs, judge
that an attendance on the Convention by any of their members the ensuing
appomtment will be impracticable, and order Dr. Rodgers to inform the Gene-
ral Association as early as possible thereof, together with their design of send-
ing members to attend at the place appointed, on the third Wednesday of Sep-
tember, 1777.
The Synod appoint Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Witherspoon, and Messrs. William
Tennent, John Guild, Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah Halsey, Richard Treat, Israel
R'^ad, Alexander McWhorter, and Azel Roe, to be a committee, any three of
whom to be a quorum, to meet at Princeton, the third Wednesday in August,
to dispose of the sum appropriated to the education of pious youth, for the pre-
sent year; and also to inquire into the state of the three hundred pounds
hitherto appropriated to the Indian mission, and report to the Synod at their
next meeting.
The Synod agree to allow Mr. Brainerd the interest of the three hundred
pounds m the hands of the College of New Jersey for the Indian mission, the
ensuing year.
Ordered, That the several Presbyteries present, give in a list of their absent
members to-morrow morning.
Mr. Patrick Alison, and Mr. McPherrin, are appointed a committee to ex-
amine the New York Presbytery book.
Dr._ Witherspoon requested leave to go home, which request is granted.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Nine o'clock, A. M. The S>/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
(Except Dr. Witherspoon, who had leave of absence.)
The Synod have no account whether Mr. Brooks fulfilled his appointment of
the last year.
Messrs. Debow, Keith, Hunter, Fithian, Ichabod Lewis, Nathan Kerr, and
Alexander Miller, fulfilled their missions as appointed at our last.
Ordered, That the minutes of the committee of overtures be brought in and
read.
The Synod proceeded to take in supplications for supplies.
A supplication of the Presbyterian Society of Buffalo, Warrior's Run, and
Penn's Valley, was brought in and read.
Application was made by Mr. Debow, in behalf of North Carolina, for sup-
plies.
Application was made by the moderator, in behalf of the vacancies in the
western parts of this province.
The Synod made inquiry of their missionaries, Messrs. Keith and Hunter,
respectmg the support they received during their mission, and find that Mr.
Keith received for the term of one year, the sum of forty-two pounds; Mr.
Hunter, for eight months, the sum of nineteen pounds ten shillings. The
Synod not being able now to ascertain the state of their fund for the supply of
missiona,ries, leave the further consideration of this matter until the afternoon.
The Synod proceeded to appoint supplies.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery applied to the Synod for their concurrence
to ordain Mr. Keith, a licensed candidate under their care, sine titulo, in case
of his going out to supply at Canetuck, to which the Synod agreed, if they find
their way clear to proceed to his ordination.
60
474 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1776.
The Synod received the Rev. jMr. Hugh McGill, as a member of the second
Presbytery of Philadelphia.
The .Synod appoint Mr. McGill to supply in the western parts of this pro-
vince for the space of eight months, between this time and our next meeting,
under the direction of the Donegal Presbytery. \
The Synod also appoint Mr. Hugh White, a candidate under the care of
New Brunswick Presbytery, to supply four months within the bounds of Done-
gal I'rcsbytery, at their direction, and the remaining part of his time, until our
next, in the southern provinces.
The Synod also appoint Mr. Carmichael to supply the two months of Octo-
ber and November, in the northern and western parts of this province.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of New Castle supply his place four Sabbaths
during his absence.
"Whereas the Synod cannot, at this time, make sufficient provision for the
vacancies under their care, they recommend it to the first Philadelphia Pres-
bytery, and Presbytery of New Castle, as they have a number of candidates
under their care, to afford what supplies they can until our next, to the western
and southern parts.
Ordered, That the missionaries be furnished with proper testimonials by the
stated Synodical clerk.
The Presbytery of New Castle applied to the Synod for their concurrence in
case their way should appear clear, to ordain 3Ir. I'ower, a licensed candidate
under their care, as he purposes to remove to the western parts of this province.
The Synod agree to grant the request.
The Synod appoint as a commission for the present year, the Rev. Messrs.
Richard Treat, John Miller, Matthew Wilson, John King, Joseph Montgo-
mery, David Caldwell, John Todd, James Finley, William Porster, George Duf-
field, Dr. Alison, Patrick Alison, William Tenueut, Dr. Witherspoon, Elihu
Spencer, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter, Azariah Horton, Dr. Rod-
gers, James Caldwell, David Roe, Wheeler Case, James Sproat, John Simon-
ton, John Brainerd, Israel Read, Dr. Ewing, and Thomas Lewis, with the
moderator; and elders, Messrs. Thomas Bourne, John Whitehill, Amos Alex-
ander, Benjamin Snodgrass, John Walker, James Ewing, Samuel Ilolliday,
William Davidson, and Anthony Tate, twenty of whom shall be a quorum, and
in case of the death of the moderator, the first on the above list shall be mode-
rator, and shall call the commission if necessary.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cIocJc, P. M. The Si/nod met accordwg to adjourninent. Post prcces
sederunt qui svpra.
Mr. Alexander Miller informed the Synod that he had siipplied for eight
Sabbaths in the neighbourhood of Schenectady, for which he received the sum
of two pounds nine shillings and four pence, and further proposes, if any
moderate compensation should be allowed from the Synod's fund, he would still
continue to spend a fourth part of his time in those places.
The Synod ajipoint the Rev. Messrs. Halsey and Latta a committee, to ad-
just and lay before them, against to-morrow morning, the sums to be allowed
the several missionaries appointed at our last.
An appeal was brought in by Mr. Bay, from a judgment of the Presbytery
of New York, of June the 20th, 1775, by which the pastoral relation between
him and his congregation was dissolved, and was read.
After having fully heard all parties, the Synod defer the consideration thereof
till to-morrow.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
1776.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 475
Nine o clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The Synod resumed the consideration of Mr. Bay's affair, and after some
time spent thereon, agreed to defer the final determination of it till next
sederunt.
Messrs. Spencer, Carmichael, and Forster, have leaA'e of absence.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
May Titli, ten d'chclc, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The New Castle Presbytery applied for the opinion of Synod concerning a
marriage, the circumstances whereof were particularly related, whether it was
to be held incestuous or not, and the Synod resolved that it was not inces-
tuous.
The Synod renewed the consideration of Mr. Bay's appeal, and after mature
deliberation, confirmed that part of the Presbytery's judgment which dissolves
the union between Mr. Bay and his congregation; and with respect to the latter
part of said judgment, the Synod are of opinion that it would have been proper
to have recommended to the parties, to leave the settlement of all matters re-
specting the glebe and its appurtenances, to arbitrators mutually chosen; and
they further advise, that if any disagreement should hereafter arise between
Mr. Bay and the congregation of Newtown, respecting said glebe and appurte-
nances, that they decide them in the same way.
Adjourned till five o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Five o'cloch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui siqyra.
But as a sufficient number to do business did not attend, it was thought
proper to adjovirn till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with
prayer.
May 2Sih, nine o'cIocJt', A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post p)reces sederunt qui supira.
The decision of the Synod on Mr. Bay's appeal was read, both parties being
present.
Dr. Rodgers in the behalf of the Presbytery of New York, requested an at-
tested copy of the above judgment, which is granted, and the clerk is ordered
to give it.
5lr. Bay, in a solemn manner, declared his declining the jurisdiction of this
Synod for the future, and against having any further connection with it.
The reference from the Presbytery of New Castle, respecting the propriety
of admitting young men upon trials for the ministry without their having ob-
tained a college diploma, was taken into consideration, in answer to which the
Synod observe, that the superior advantages attending an education in public
seminaries, render it highly expedient to encourage tlie young men to finish
their academical studies in such institutions as means of securing a learned
ministry ; and Presbyteries are ordered to promote this end by warmly recom-
mending it to those who have the ministry in view. Yet as Presbyteries are
the proper judges to determine concerning the literary and other requisite qua-
lifications for the ministerial ofiice, it is not intended to preclude from admission
to trial, those who have not had the opportunity of obtaining public testimo-
nials or degrees from public seminaries.
476 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1777
The report of the committee appointed last year to meet with the corpora-
tion of the widows' fund, and dispose of the money in their hands, not yet
brought in. The Synod appoint for the same purpose this year, the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Rodgers, Halsey, Patrick Alison, and Duffield, to
meet with the corporation as soon as convenient.
The committee appointed to receive an account of the sums received by tlie
missionaries appointed by the Synod, and consider what additional sums may be
allowed to any of them, recommend that Messrs. Hunter and Fithian be allowed
each of them ten pounds in addition to what they received in their mission,
which the Synod approve of, and direct to the stated clerk to furnish them,
when re([uired, with an order on the Synodical treasurer for that sum.
A letter from the Presbytery of Orange was brought in and read, informing
that they have since last Synod licensed Messrs. Robert Archibald, Thomas
Harris McCalla, and James Hall, to preach the gospel, and request the Synod
to send as many supplies as they can to the relief of the numerous vacancies
in those parts.
The committee formerly appointed at Philadelphia for the purpose of buying
and distributing among the frontier inhabitants, books of practical religion, re-
port that they have executed the trust committed to them.
The committee appointed to review the New York Presbytery book make no
report.
The committee appointed to review the first Philadelphia and Donegal Pres-
bytery books, brought in those books approved, except a few omissions in
transcribing.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of next May, to meet at ten o'clock,
A. M. at the Second Presbyterian church in this city. Concluded with prayer.
1777.
PhiladeJjyhia, 3[ay 21st, 1777.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met at the Second Presbyterian
church according to adjournment. Ubi jMst j^feces sederunt
Present : From the Presbytery of New York : Rev. Dr. Alexander Mc-
Whorter, Messrs. James Caldwell, Jacob Vanarsdalen.
From the Presbytery of New Brunswick : Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, Mr.
Elihu Spencer.
From the fii'st Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Dr. Richard Treat, Messrs.
James Sproat, John Brainerd, Alexander Mitchell, Nathaniel Irwin, Daniel
McCalla.
From the second Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Dr. Francis Alison, Dr.
John Ewing, Mr. Robert McMordie.
From the Presbytery of New Castle : Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, Joseph
Montgomery, John Carmichael, James Anderson, Thomas Read, Joseph Smith,
Robert Davidson.
From the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper, Collin
McFarquhar, James Martin.
From the Presbytery of Lcwestown : Rev. Mr. Ebenezer Brooks.
From the Presbytery of Hanover : Rev. Mr. Samuel Stanhope Smith.
Absent : Of the Presbytery of New York : Rev. Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Knox,
Messrs. Jones, Green, llorton, Hait, Woodruff, Thomas Lewis, Treat, Elmer,
Richards, Brush, Roe, Chapman, Kerr, Close, Woodhull, Miller, Burnet, Grover,
Bradford, Amzi Lewis, and Moffat.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : Rev. Messrs. McKnight, Thomas
1777.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 477
Smith, Schenck, Guild, Israel Keed, Kennedy, Halsey, Peppard, Prudden, Lyon,
Debo^Y, Worford, and Gurley.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : Ptev. Messrs. Greenman, Duffield,
Boyd, Watt, Hollingshead, Keith, and Evans.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : Kev. Messrs. John Steel, Elder,
.Simonton, Patrick Alison, and McGill.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : Rev. Messrs. McDowell, Finley, McKen-
nan, Latta, Clark, Forster, McCreary, John Woodhull, James Wilson, and
Joseph Smith.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, Hunt, Hogg,
Amos Thompson, Rhea, Slemmons, Craighead, King, Lang, Vance, McFerran,
Black, Dougal, Linn, McMillan, McKnight.
The whole Presbyteries of Suffolk, Hanover (except the Rev. Mr. Samuel
Stanhope Smith), Orange, and Dutchess.
The whole Presbytery of Lewes, except Mr. Brooks, %it supra.
Elders present : The Hon. Peartree Smith, Esq., Messrs. James Thomson,
William Faulconer, William Ramsey.
Mr. Robert Cooper, moderator for the last year, opened the Synod with a
sermon from John v. 35.
Mr. John Carmichael was chosen moderator, and Dr. Ewing and Mr. MeCalla,
clerks.
First Philadelphia Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. Enoch Green is re-
moved by death since our last, likewise Mr. Philip Fithian, a licensed candidate;
and that they have ordained Mr. Robert Keith, to qnalify him to act as a chap-
lain in the army, to which he had been appointed.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. James Power to
the work of the gospel ministry ; and licensed Messrs. William Smith, James
Armstrong, and George Lucky, to preach the gospel.
Donegal Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the gospel
ministry, Messrs. John McMillan and John McKnight ; and licensed to preach,
Messrs. David Bard, Samuel Waugh, and John Linn.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. William Tennent de-
parted this life March 8th, 1777 ; and that the Rev. Mr. John Rosborough was
barbarously murdered by the enemy at Trenton on January second ; they fur-
ther report, that they have ordained to the work of the sacred ministry, Mr.
John Worford ; and licensed to preach the gospel, Mr. John Zelyne.
New York Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. Azariah Horton was removed
by death since our last Synod.
Messrs. Robert Smith, Spencer, McFarquhar, with Mr. James Thomson,
elder, are appointed a committee of overtures, to meet in this place to-morrow
at eight o'clock, A. M., and by adjournments afterward, as occasion may
require.
The Synod are of opinion that they cannot send any members to meet the
general convention on the third Wednesday of September next, and order Mr.
Sproat to give notice thereof to the General Association of Connecticut, and
that the Synod will cheerfully appoint members to attend said convention when-
ever the situation of public affairs will admit of it.
The Synod appoint as a commission for the present year, the Rev. Dr.
Richard Treat, Messrs. John Miller, Matthew Wilson, Dr. John Ewing, Jo-
seph Montgomery, David Caldwell, John Todd, James Finley, William Foster,
George Duffield, Dr. Francis Alison, Patrick Alison, Dr. John Witherspoon,
Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah Halsey, Dr. Alexander McWhorter, Dr. John Rodgers,
James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Wheeler Case, James Sproat, John Simonton, John
Brainerd, Israel Reed, and Thomas Lewis, with the moderator; and eldera,
James Thompson and William Faulconer, thirteen of whom shall be a quorum ;
478 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17T7.
and in case of the death of the moderator, the first on the above list shall bo
moderator, and shall call the commission, if necessary.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of New Castle bring their minutes respecting
the case of a marriage referred b}' them to the last session of Synod, and entered
on the Synod's minutes, page 475, at the next meeting of Synod, that they may
be enabled to explain or correct the decision then given by them.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
22d day, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(Together with the Rev. Messrs. John Brainerd, Joseph Smith, and Alex-
ander Mitchel, whose reasons for not attending at the opening of Synod, are
sustained.)
The Rev. Messrs. Dr. IMcWhorter, Nathaniel Irwin, James Caldwell, and
Robert Davidson, are now come, their reasons for not attending sooner, deemed
sufficient. Mr. Irwin's elder, Mr. William Ramsay ; Mr. Caldwell's elder, the
Hon. Peartree Smith, Esquire.
The Rev. Mr. James Martin, a member of the Associate Presbytery of Penn-
sylvania, appeared before us, and signified his desire to converse with the Synod,
with a view to his being received as a member of our body ; and the Synod
having conversed with him, and heard at considerable length his sentiments on
the doctrines of the gospel, and terms of Christian and ministerial communion,
and having had sufficient testimonials of his moral character, and his good
standing in the ministry, in the church of which he has been a member, do
unanimously agree to receive him as a member of this body, and appoint him a
member of the Presbytery of Donegal.
Dr. McWhorter, Messrs. Montgomery, Spencer, James Caldwell, and Thomas
Read, three of whom to be a quorum, are appointed the Synod's committee, to
meet th^ corporation for the widows' fund, to dispose of the money in the hands
of said corporation for charitable uses, said committee to meet to-morrow morn-
ing, at six o'clock, at this place.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Eodem die, three o'clocJc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod taking into consideration the low and declining state of religion
among us, and the abounding of iniquity, for which an holy and jealous God
yet continues to visit our country with his righteous judgments, appoint the
second Thursday of June, to be observed by the churches under their care,
as a day of public humiliation, fasting, and prayer. And the Synod earnestly
recommend it to them, to improve a part of the last Thursday in every month
for public or social prayer, as their circumstances may allow.
A petition from the second congregation of Wilmington, in conjunction with
Brandywine congregation, was brought before the Synod through the hands of
the committee of overtures, recjucsting the Synod to review a judgment of
theirs in the year 1774, respecting the said second congregation. But as the
parties arc not present the Synod judge that they cannot, at present, enter into
the consideration of it, but order it to be laid before the I'resbytery of New
Castle, who are desired by this Synod to notify the parties to attend, and to
issue the whole afiair, any thing in the minute of the Synod to the contrary
notwithstanding.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
1778.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 479
23c? day^ nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod appoint the interest of three hundred pounds in the hands of the
corporation of the College of New Jersey, for an Indian mission, to be given to
.JNIr. Brainerd for his last year's services.
_ The Synod do agree to take the three hundred pounds appointed for an In-
dian mission, out of the hands of the corporation of the College of New Jersey,
and put it into the hands of Dr. Ewing as their treasurer, who is to put it into
the continental loan office, and manage the same.
Mr. Samuel Stanhope Smith is now come, and his reasons for not attending
sooner are sustained.
A petition from the congregation of Deep Run, in Bucks county, request-
ing that they may be set oflF from the second Presbytery, and put under the
care of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, was brought before the Synod
through the hands of the committee of overtures, and read. The Synod hav-
ing conversed upon it, do grant the prayer of the said petition, and the first
Philadelphia Presbytery is ordered to take the care of that congregation for the
future.
By the committee of overtures, a supplication from the congregation of Allen-
town, in the forks of Delaware, requesting that they may be set otf from the
Presbytery of New Brunswick, and put under the care of the first Presbytery
of Philadelphia, to whom they formerly belonged, was brought in and read.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick freely concurring, the Synod grant the sup-
plicants' request, and the first Philadelphia Presbytery is ordered to take said
congregation under their care.
A supplication from a society of Highland Scots, at Southerland, was
brought in by the committee of overtures, and read, requesting that the Synod
would supply them with books, and appoint Mr. McFarquhar to preach and
administer gospel ordinances amongst them. This Synod taking their request
into consideration, do order a collection of books to be made throughout their
Presbyteries for those people, and appoint Mr. McFarquhar to supply them
some time, and administer gospel ordinances as he sees proper ; and also to
supply the adjacent vacant congregations, in Northumberland, four Sabbaths ;
and tliey order the Presbytery of Donegal to supply Mr. McFarquhar's pulpit
in the mean time.
Dr. Witherspoon reports that there is a balance of £58 6s. 9^^^., in his hands,
due to the Synod.
Mr. Ebenezer Brooks is now come, and his reasons for non-attendance sooner,
are sustained.
^ Adjourned to meet at Philadelphia the third Wednesday in May next, at ten
o'viiock, A. M., at the First Presbyterian Church. Concluded with prayer.
1778.
Bedminster, May 20f7i, 1778.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met at Bedminster, in Somerset
county. New Jersey, in consequence of an advertisement in the newspapers
by the moderator, agreeably to the advice of a number of the members, it not
bemg practicable to meet in Philadelphia according to the adjournment of last
year, as that city is now in the possession of the enemy. Ubi post preces
sederunt '
Of New York Presbytery : The Key. Messrs. Timothy Jones, Dr. Alexander
McVVhorter, and Jacob Vanarsdalen.
480 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1778.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Kev. Messrs. Eliliu Spencer, Israel
Read, Samuel Kennedy, Francis Peppard, and Jeremiah Halsey.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. James Boyd.
Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. John Carmichael.
Elders : Messrs. Jehu Adams, Philip Condit, and William Annan.
Absent : Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Pr. John Rodgers.
Dr. Hugh Knox, Joseph Treat, James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Benjamin Hait,
Jonathan Ellmer, Benjamin Woodruff, Aaron Richards, Jacob Green, Jedidiah
Chapman, Joseph Grover, Simon Horton, William Woodhull, Nathan Kerr,
Lewis, John Moiliit, Andrew King, John Close, Abner Brush, Mathias
Burnet, Alexander Miller, and Ebenezer Bradford.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, and the
Rev. IMessrs. John Guild, Thomas Smith, William Scheuck, John Hanna, John
Warford, and James Lyon.
Of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Dr. Richard Treat, and
the Rev. Messrs. James Sproat, John Brainerd, Nehemiah Greenman, James
Watt, William Hollingshead, George Dufiield, Alexander Mitchell, Nathaniel
Irvine, Daniel McCalla, Robert Keith, and Israel Evans.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell, Ro-
bert Smith, Joseph Smith, Thomas Smith, William Foster, John Woodhull,
James Latta, John Clark, John McCreary, William McKennan, James Fin-
ley, James Wilson, Joseph Montgomery, Thomas Reed, and James Anderson.
And the whole of the Presbyteries of Dutchess, Suffolk, the second Phila-
delphia, Lewistown, Donegal, Hanover, and Orange.
The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. John Carmichael, moderator last year,
by a sermon on John iii. 30, first clause.
The Rev. Mr. Jones was chosen moderator, and the Rev. Mr. Halsey
clerk.
Neither the Synod book nor the minutes of last year being present, the Sy-
nod agreed to proceed on such business as may now come before them.
The Presbytery of New York report, that the Rev. Thomas Lewis is deceased
since our last; and that they have ordained to the work of the ministry, the
Rev. Mr. Thaddeus Dod, sine titulo, in consequence of liberty obtained from the
Synod for that purpose.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. George Luckie to
preach the gospel, and ordained the Rev. Mr. James Armstrong to the work of
the ministry, sine titulo. As the New Castle Presbytery book is not present,
the consideration of the propriety of Mr. Armstrong's ordination is deferred till
next Synod.
New ]Jrunswick Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. Charles McKnight de-
parted this life last January ; and that they have licensed Mr. George Faitout
to preach the gospel.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. Hugh
Montgomery JJrackenridge to preach the gospel.
The reasons assigned by Messrs. Jones, Read, and Halsey, for their ab-
sence from last Synod, and by 3Iessrs. Kennedy and Peppard for their absence
from Synod for several years, were sustained.
As none of the Presbytery books, except that of New Brunswick, are pre-
sent, the examination of that book is deferred till next Synod.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Van Arsdalen, Peppard, Boyd, and
Carmichael, with iMessrs. Adams and Annan, a committee of bills and over-
tures, to meet here to-morrow morning, at eight o'clock.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
1778.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 481.
21si day, nine, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod appoint as a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Dr.
McWhorter, the Rev. Messrs. James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Elihu Spencer, Israel
Read, Jeremiah Halsey, Dr. Richard Treat, James Sproat, James Boyd, Dr.
Alison, Alexander McDowell, Robert Smith, William Forster, John Carmi-
chael, Robert Cowper, John Craighead, and Thomas McFervin, with the mode-
rator; and Messrs. John Adams, William Anuin, and Philip Condict, elders,
thirteen of whom to be a quorum. The commission to be convened by the
moderator, (as occasion may require,) who is also to preside ; and in case of his
death or disability, the first surviving member on the roll to call the meeting ;
and the first on the roll of the members, when met, to preside.
Mr. Warford is now come, his reasons for non-attendance last year, and not
sooner now, sustained.
Mr. Warford informs the Synod, that a certain David Allen, some time ago
deceased, in the Forks of Delaware, did, as he has been informed, bequeath a
considerable sum to the Synod, for the education of poor and pious youth for
the ministry. Mr. Warfurd is ordered to inquire into this afiair, and to receive
the money, if to be had, and make report to next Synod.
The committee appointed last year to dispose of the interest of the charita-
ble fund in the hand of the trustees of the college of New Jersey, for the edu-
cation of poor and pious youth for the ministry, report, that they met accord-
ing to appointment, but as no objects offered, no distribution was made of any
part of it.
The Sjnod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, Read, Halsey, Caldwell, and
Dr. McWhorter, a committee to meet at Princeton, the last Wednesday of next
September, to dispose of the interest of said fund.
The committee appointed last year to dispose of the interest of the money
belonging to the Synod, in the hand of the corporation for the widows' fund,
report, that they met as appointed, and made disposition.
The appointment of a committee to dispose of the interest of the above money
for the past year, was deferred till the meeting of next Synod.
The committee of bills and overtures report, that they have no business to
lay before the Synod.
The Synod, taking into their most serious consideration, that the lamentable
decay of vital piety, for which we have had so much reason to mourn for sev-
eral years past, still continues ; that gross immoralities are increasing to an
awful degree ; and that the calamities of war are yet permitted to afflict our
land, do therefore agree to renew the recommendation of last Sj'nod to all our
congregations, to spend the last Thursday of every mouth, or a part of it, in
fervent prayer to God, that he would be pleased to pour out his Spirit on the
inhabitants of our land, and prepare us for deliverance from the chastenings he
hath righteously inflicted upon us for our sins ; that he would graciously smile
on our arms, and those of our illustrious ally, by land and sea ; and grant a
speedy and happy conclusion to the present war. And it is earnestly recom-
mended to the several Presbyteries, to take care that this recommendation be
complied with. And the clerk is ordered to transmit a copy of this minute to
the moderator of every Presbytery, to be communicated.
The Synod taking into their consideration the non-attendance of many of
our members upon Sy nodical sessions for some years past, and especially the
present, are sincerely atiected therewith, as it appears to them there is a crimi-
nal neglect in this matter, a forgetfulness of their ordination obligation, and a
want of that public spirit and benevolent care of the church with which min-
isters of the gospel ought ever to be filled ; and do therefore order the several
Presbyteries belonging to this body to be reminded of their negligence herein,
61
482 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1779
and to encleavour to influence them to a more punctual discbarge of tliis im-
portant duty of attending the meetings of the judicatures of the church.
Ordered, that the clerk transmit a copy of this minute to the moderator of
each Presbytery, to be by him laid before them.
Adjourned to meet at Philadelphia, on the third Wednesday of next May, at
10 o'clock, A. M. — but if that place be in the enemy's hand, then to meet here
Concluded with prayer.
1779.
PliiladclpMa, May 19/A, 1779.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt
Of the New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs Timothy Jones and Joseph
Treat.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Brainerd,
James Sproat, G-eorge Duffield, Alexander Mitchell, and Nathaniel Irwin.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. Francis Alison and
John Ewing.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell, Robert
Smith, John Carmichael, William Foster, James Anderson, John McCreary.
Thomas Read, John Woodhull, and Robert Davidson.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. Samuel Stanhope Smith.
Elders : Messrs. Jonas Phillips, Gunning Bedford, Lewis Grant, Richard
Walker, Arthur Park, William Harris, David Forman.
Absent : Of the New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Jacob Green, Dr.
John Rodgers, Dr. Alexander McWhorter, Benjamin Hait, Benjamin Wood-
ruff, James Caldwell, Azcl Roe, Aaron Richards, Nathan Kerr, Samuel Sacket,
John Moffat, John Close, Joseph Grover, Dr. Hugh Knox, Jonathan Elmer,
Abner Brush, and William Woodhull.
Of the New Brunswick Presbytery : The whole, except the Rev. Dr. John
Witherspoon.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Nehemiah Green-
man, James Watt, James Boyd, William Hollinshead, Daniel McCalla, Israel
Evans, Andrew Hunter, and Robert Keith.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Steel, John
Elder, John Simontou, Robert McMordie, and Patrick Alison.
The whole of Lewestown Presbytery.
Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Latta, John Clark,
William IMcKennan, James Finley, Thomas Smith, Joseph Montgomery,
James Wilson, Joseph Smith, James Power, Samuel Eakiu, and James Arm-
Btrong.
Absent, the whole of Donegal Presbytery. The whole of Hanover Pres-
bytery, except the Rev. Mr. Samuel Stanhope Smith. The whole of Orange
Presbytery.
The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. Jones, the last year's moderator,
with a sermon on Rom. xiii. 14.
The Rev. Dr. Ewing chosen moderator, and the Rev. Mr. Duflield, clerk.
Messrs. McDowell, Jones, Treat, and Duffield, their reasons for absence from
the Synod in 1777, sustained.
Ordered, That ;dl the Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow morning.
Messrs. Mitchell, Treat, and McCreary, with Messrs. Grant and Park, elders,
1779.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 483
are appointed a committee of overtures, to meet here to-morrow morning, at
eight o'clock, and afterwards by adjournment, as occasion may require.
The Synod appoint as a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Dr. Me-
Whortcr, Messrs. James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Elihu Spencer, Israel Read, Jere-
miah Halsey, James Sproat, Alexander Mitchell, James Boyd, John Simonton,
Alexander McDowell, Robert Smith, William Foster, John Carmichael, Robert
Cooper, John Craighead, and Thomas McFerrin, with the moderator, and the
following elders, viz. Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Lewis Grant, Richard Walker,
and William Harris; thirteen of whom to be a quorum, and that the
moderator convene the commission as occasion may require, and preside in the
meeting; or, in case of his death or disability, that the first surviving member
on the roll call the meeting, and the first on the roll of the members convened
to preside.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Read, Brainerd, Foster, and Woodhull,
a committee to dispose of the money in the hands of the corporation for the
widows' fund.
The Synod taking into consideration the great and increasing decay of vital
j)iety, the degeneracy of manners, want of public spirit, and prevalence of vice
and immorality that obtains throughout our land, and that the righteous God,
by continuing still to afflict us with the sore calamity of a cruel and barbarous
war, is loudly calling the inhabitants to repentance and reformation, and as a
means thereto, to deep humiliation, frequent and fervent prayer, do therefore
appoint Thursday, the 17th day of August next, to be observed by all under
our care, as a day of humiliation, fasting, and prayer; and do also renew the
recommendation of former Synods to all their congregations, to spend a part of
the last Thursday in every month, in social prayer, as their circumstances may
admit.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
20</i day^ nine o'clock, A. M. Met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. James Wilson, of New Castle Presbytery, is now come.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that since the meeting of Synod,
1777, they have ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, Mr. James Grier,
and Mr. Andrew Hunter; and licensed Mr. Isaac Keith, and Mr. Hugh Brack-
enridge, to preach the gospel ; the latter of whom has since resigned his license,
which the Presbytery accepted. And the Rev. Dr. Richard Treat departed this
life the 20th of last November.
New Castle Presbytery report, that since the meeting of Synod, 1777, they
have licensed Messrs. Matthew Tate, Nathaniel Scrapie, and John Finley, to
preach the gospel; and dismissed the Rev. Mr. WoodfiuU, in order to his join-
ing the Presbytery of New Brunswick, where he had accepted a call.
Mr. Carmichael's elder, Mr. Samuel HoUiday, is now come.
Dr. Witherspoon informs the Synod that he has lately received a legacy, left
by tlie Rev. Mr. Diodati Johnson, of New England, to be deposited with this
Synod for their disposal, and that there is now in his hand three hundred and
thirty-two pounds, twelve shillings, belonging to the Synod.
The Synod appoint the interest now due on the three hundred pounds in the
hand of the corporation of the New Jersey College, for an Indian mission, to
be given to Mr. Brainerd, for his services among the Indians.
The Synod appoint Dr. Ewing to apply to the corporation of the College of
New Jersey for the three hundred pounds belonging to this Synod, in their
band, to dispose of it as directed by Synod the year before last.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
484 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1779
The Synod met at three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sedeintnt qui supra.
The committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hand of the corpora-
tion for the widows' fund report, that they have disposed of the same, and their
minutes being produced and read, the Synod approve of the disposition they
have made.
A reference from the Presbytery of New Castle was brought in by the com-
mittee of overtures, respecting a certain Anthony Duchane, who had married
the sister of his former wife, and praying the advice of Synod, whether the
said Duchane may be admitted to enjoy church privileges in his present situa-
tion, or what ought to be done in such cavse.
The Synod proceeded to consider the above case, and after debating to a con-
siderable length, agreed to defer it to the meeting of Synod next year.
The Rev. ^Ir. James Caldwell is now come ; his reasons for not attending
sooner, sustained.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
21s^ day, A. M. 3Ict according to adjov.rnment. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Eakin is now come ; his reasons for not attending
sooner, sustained.
The minutes of last Synod being now brought in, ordered, that they be
read.
By the report now made by the New Castle Presbytery, it appears that there
was a mistake in the report of last year, respecting Mr. Armstrong's ordina-
tion ; that he was not ordained, sine titulo, but in consequence of his having
accepted a chaplaincy in the army.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, Read, Ilalsey, Caldwell, and
Dr. McWhorter, a committee to meet at Princeton, the last Wednesday of next
September, to dispose of the interest of the charitable fund in the hand of the
trustees of the College of New Jersey for the education of poor and pious
youth for the work of the gospel ministry.
An application by a member of Hanover Presbytery praying that some
missionaries might be sent into the state of Virginia to preach the gospel, and
especially that a few ministers of genius, prudence, and address, might spend
some considerable time in attempting to form that people into regular congre-
gations, under the discipline and government of the Presbyterian church, and
to settle among them, and undertake the education of their youth, representing
that there appears at present in many parts of that state, a very favourable dis-
position towards religion in general, and towards the Presbyterian church in
particular; that it is greatly for the interest of the church to pay a particular
attention to the southern and western parts of tliis continent; that congrega-
tions which may be formed there will be permanent and fixed, whereas the
continual migration of the inhabitants of our interior congregations, diminish
their importance and threaten their dissolution ; that it is not desirable, nor
to be expected, that that extensive country should continue long without some
form of religion ; that this Synod has now an opportunity of promoting the
interest of religion extensively, which in a few years may be utterly lost by
the prevalency and pre-occupying of many ignorant and irreligious sectaries ;
the Synod do, therefore, earnestly recommend it to all their Presbyteries to
turn their attention to this object, as peculiarly interesting and important ;
and if it is by any means possible, to furnish some missions to the state of
Virginia, and such especially as shall endeavour to form congregations, and to
offect a settlement among them, having respect to the popular talents as well as
1780.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 485
piety of such missionaries, and to their capacity for directing the education of
youth.
The Synod being informed that the Rev. Mr. Josiah Lewis, who was annexed
to the Lewestown Presbytery by the Synod at their meeting, 1773, has never
yet attended at any of the meetings of that Presbytery, but removed to a distant
"part ; and as some reports have arisen to the disadvantage of his moral cha-
racter, the Synod do hereby order the Lewestown Presbytery to take cogni-
zance of Mr. Lewis in the premises, and make report at the next meeting of
Synod.
Ordered, That the Rev. JMr. Thomas Read furnish the Presbytery of Lewes-
town witll a copy of this minute.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of next May, at ten o'clock, A. M. at
the First Presbyterian church in this city. Concluded with prayer.
1780.
Philadelplda, May lltli, 1780.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment,
at the First Presbyterian church. Uii post j^reces sederunt
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Elihu Spencer and John
Woodhull.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. jMessrs. James Sproat, John
Brainerd, George Duffield, Alexander Mitchell, William Schenck, and Nathaniel
Irwin.
Of the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Ewing and the
Rev. Mr. Robert Davidson.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Carmichael, John Mc-
Creary, Thomas Read, and Samuel Eakin.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. John Miller.
Elders : Capt. Thomas Bourn, Messrs. Robert Porter, Lewis Grant, and Dr.
Isaac Harris.
Absent : Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon,
Messrs. John Guild, Israel Reed, Samuel Kennedy, John Hannah, Thomas
Smith, Francis Peppard, Philip Stockton, John Warford, Jeremiah Halsey.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt,
James Grier, William HoUingshead, Daniel McCalla, Andrew Hunter, Israel
Evans.
Of the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Elder, Ro-
bert McMordie, John Simonton, and Patrick Alison.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell, Wil-
liam McKennau, William Forster, Thomas Smith, Joseph Smith, John Clark,
Joseph Montgomery, James Power, James Armstrong.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Jacob Kerr,
Alexander Huston, John Rankin, Samuel McMasters.
All the members of New York, Dutchess, Suffolk, and Donegal Presby-
teries.
The whole of Hanover Presbytery being absent, the Rev. Samuel Stanhope
Smith, late a member of that Presbytery, informed the Synod of their names,
viz. : the Rev. Messrs. John Todd, John Brown, Richard Zanchy, Charles
Cummings, James Waddel, David Price, Caleb Wallace, William Irwin, John
B. Smith, Archibald Scott, Samuel Doak, Edward Crawford. Licensed candi-
dates of said Presbytery : Messrs. William Wilson, Benjamin Irwin, James
Crawford, Terah Templin.
486 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1780.
Orange Presbytery absent : The Rev. Dr. MeWhorter, Henry Patillo, Hugh
McCaden, James Campbell, David Caldwell, James Frazier, James IMcCorkel,
Joseph Alexander, Thomas Reese, John Sympson, R. Archibold, Thomas Mc-
Call, Harris, Hall, Edmund, Thomas Craighead, James Templeton, Corson.
Candidates : Donnel, McEwen, Leak, Barr, Thacher.
The Synod was opened by the Rev. Dr. Ewing, last year's moderator, with a
sermon on 1 Cor. iv. '2.
The Rev. Mr. Miller chosen moderator, and the Rev. Mr. Mitchell, clerk.
The Rev. Mr. Robert Keith is now come.
The Rev. John Debow is now come.
Messrs. Spencer, Keith, Miller, Eakin, and Debow, who were abSent from
our last, gave their reasons for absence, which were sustained.
The Rev. Mr. James Anderson is now come, his reasons for not attending
sooner, are sustained.
Ordered, That the Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow morning, and
a list of absent members.
Messrs. "VVoodhull, Irwin, and Read, together with Porter and Grant, are ap-
pointed a committee of overtures, to meet to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and
afterwards by adjournments, as occasion may require.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Rlair being present, but not having united himself to
any Presbytery, being invited, sat as a correspondent.
The Synod appoint as a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Dr.
Ewing, the Rev. Messrs. James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Elihu Spencer, Israel Reed,
Jeremiah Halsey, James Sproat, Alexander Mitchell, James Royd, John Simon-
ton, Alexander McDowell, Robert Smith, William Foster, John Carmichael,
Robert Cooper, Thomas McFerrin, and John Craighead, with the moderator
and the following elders, viz. Capt. Bourn, Dr. Harris, Dr. Seudder, and
Messrs. Porter and Grant; thirteen of whom to be a quorum, and the mode-
rator to convene the commission as occasion may require, and preside in the
meeting; or, in case of his death or disability, the first surviving member on
the roll to call the meeting, and the first on the roll of the members convened,
to preside.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, Duffield, Woodhull, McCreary,
and Read, a committee to dispose of the interest of the money in the hands of
the corporation for the widows' fund.
Messrs. Boyd and Stanhope Smith are now come, and their reasons for not
attending sooner, sustained.
Dr. Ewing reports, that he has not received the £300 lying in the hands of
the corporation of New Jersey college.
The Synod agree to let that money remain for the present in the hands of
said corporation.
The committee appointed by Synod to dispose of moneys for the education of
poor and pious youth for the gospel ministry, in the hands of the treasurer of
New Jersey college, not meeting according to appointment, no disposition was
made.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained the Rev. Mr.
George Faitout, and received Mr. Woodhull as a member of that Presbytery.
First Philadelphia Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. Nehcmiah Green-
man is removed by death since our last, viz. July, and that they have received
the Rev. William Schenck as a member of that Presbytery.
Second IMiiladelphia Presbytery report, that the Rev. Dr. Francis Alison
departed this life the 28th day of November, 1779, and that they have received
the Rev. Robert Davidson as a member of that l*resbytery. They farther report,
that the Rev. Mr. John Steel departed this life the — ■ day of August.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have ordained the Rev. Mr. William
1780.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 487
Smith to the work of the gospel ministry, and that they have dismissed the
llev. Mr. Robert Davidson to join the Second Phihadelphia Presbytery.
Lewestown Presbytery report, that they have ordained Messrs. John Rankin
and Samuel McMasters to the work of the gospel ministry.
Orange Presbytery report, that they have ordained the Rev. Messrs. Craig-
head, McCrea, and James Templeton, to the work of the gospel ministry, and
that they have licensed Messrs. Jacob Leak and McEwen to preach the
gospel.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, to meet at nine o'clock. Concluded with
prayer.
18^7t day, ten ddoclt, A. M., met according to adjournment. Post prcccs
sederunt qui sn])ra.
Mr. Halsey is now come, and his reasons for not attending sooner, and also
of his absence last Synod, are sustained.
Messrs. Latta and Finley are now come, and their reasons of absence last
Synod, and not attending sooner, are sustained.
Messrs. Robert and William Smith are now come, and their reasons for not
attending sooner, sustained.
Dr. Nathaniel Scudder, Mr. Woodhull's elder, is now come.
On reading the minutes of last sederunt, it was, on motion, resolved, that Mr.
Duffield be appointed to apply to the corporation of the college of New Jersey
for the three hundred pounds in their hands, belonging to the Synod, with the
interest due at the time of receiving, and put the principal into the Continental
Loan Office, and give the interest to Mr. Rrainerd for his services among the
Indians.
The Synod appoint Messrs. Spencer, Israel Read, Halsey, Caldwell, and Dr.
Witherspoon, a committee to dispose of the money in the hands of the corpo-
ration of New Jersey College, for the education of poor and pious youth for the
gospel ministry, and to meet for that purpose at Princeton, the last Wednesday
of next September.
On motion, resolved, that Messrs. Halsey, Duffield, and Latta, be a committee
to review the minutes of Synod, as far back as the year 1774, whether any
matters brought before Synod have been omitted, and make report.
As the Lewestown Presbytery have not yet taken cognizance of IMr. Josiah
Lewis, as ordered last Synod, the Synod renew their order in that matter, and
direct that Presbytery to proceed in the affair as soon as possible.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
The Si/nod met at three d'clocTc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
As the sum of the legacy left by the Rev. Mr. Diodate Johnson, of New Eng-
land, to the disposal of this Synod, and received by Dr. Witherspoon, Synod
treasurer, is not specified in our minutes, the Synod appoint Mr. Spencer to
inquire of the Doctor, what the sum is, and when it was received, and make
report next Synod, if the Doctor should not be then present.
The reference from the Presbytery of New Castle, respecting a certain mar-
riage, brought in last year, deferred to next Synod.
The committee appointed to review the records of Synod, as far back as the
year 1774, report, that an affair respecting the enslaving of negroes, appears to
have been before the Synod, A. D. 1774, but by some means passed over the
following Synods, and not since resumed.
488 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1781.
The Synod resumed the consideration of that affair, and after debating the
same to considerable length,
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
19lh day, nine o'clock, A. 31. The Si/nod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui snpra.
The committee appointed to review the minutes of Synod, as far back as
1774, report, that there appears to have been before the Synod, 1774, a letter
from the Rev. Mr. William Marshall, clerk of the Associate Presbytery, which
was ordered to have been recorded in the appendix, and an address, said to be
an affair of great importance, and that neither of these appear on record.
The Synod appoint Mr. Sproat, the stated clerk, together with Mr. DuiBeld,
to collect such papers of importance as belong to the Synod, and are not on
record, and have them entered in an appendix to be kept for such purpose.
The said committee further report, that an order of Synod, 1777, to the
Presbytery of New Castle, to bring in their minutes of an affair respecting mar-
riage, by them referred to Synod, has not been complied with. The Synod
renew their former order in this matter to that Presbytery.
The committee of overtures brought in a reference from the first Presbytery
of Philadelphia, requesting the advice of Synod, whether Mr. Isaac Keith, a
probationer under their care, may be ordained sine tilido.
The Synod, after hearing the above case laid before them by said Presbytery,
and considering the circumstances attending it, apprehend there will be a pro-
priety in their ordaining Mr. Keith as proposed, and accordingly authorize the
Presbytery to proceed.
The Synod taking into consideration the great and increasing decay of vital
piety, the degeneracy of manners, want of public spirit, and prevalence of vice
and immorality, that obtain throughout our land, and that the righteous God,
by continuing still to afflict us with the sore calamity of a cruel and barbarous
war, is loudly calling the inhabitants to repentance and reformation, and as a
means thereto to deep humiliation and frequent fervent prayer; do therefore
appoint Thursday the 17th day of next August to be observed as a day of humi-
liation, fasting, and prayer, by all the congregations under our care ; and do
also renew the recommendation of former Synods to all their congregations, to
spend a part of the last Thursday of every month in social prayer, as circum-
stances may admit.
The Synod agree to pay the janitor for his attendance on the present sessions,
the sum of two hundred dollars.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of next May, to meet at ten o'clock,
A. M. in the Second Presbyterian church in this city.
Concluded with prayer.
1781.
FhiladelpJiia, Mai/ 16/7;, 1781.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment,
at the Second Presbyterian church. Ubi past i^reres sederunt
Of the New York Presbytery : The llev. Mr. Andrew King.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : llev. Dr. Witherspoon, 3Iessrs. Elihu
Spencer and Samuel S. Smith.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Ecv. Dr. James Sproat, Messrs.
George Dullicld, William Schenck, and Nathaniel Irwin.
1781.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 489
Of tbe Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Ewing and Rev.
Mr. Robert Davidson.
Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs Robert Smith, James Fin-
ley, John McCreary, William Smith, and James Anderson.'
Of the Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper and Isaac
Keith.
Of the Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. John Miller.
Of the Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. John Smith.
Of the Orange Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Alexander McWhorter.
Absent : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Drs. John Rodgers
and Hugh Knox, the Rev. Messrs. Timothy Jones, James Caldwell, Aaron
Richards, Azel Roe, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin Woodruff, John Joline, Nathan
Kerr, John Moffatt, Joseph Treat, Simon Horton, John Close, Abner Brush,
Alexander Miller, Jedidiah Chapman, and Van Arsdalen.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Messrs. Jonathan^ Guild,
Joseph Reed, Samuel Kennedy, John Hannah, Thomas Smith, Francis Pep-
pard, Philip Stockton, John Warford, and John Woodhull.
Of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt,
William HoUingshead, Alexander Mitchell, James Boyd, James Grier, Daniel
McCalla, Israel Evans, Andrew Hunter, and Robert Keith.
Of the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Messrs. John Simon-
ton, John Elder, and Robert McMordic.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell,
William McKennan, Joseph IMontgomery, James Latta, Thomas Smith, Joseph
Smith, Thomas Reed, James Francis Armstrong, James Power, Samuel Eakin,
John Clark, and John Carmichael.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, James
Hunt, Hugh McGill, John Hogg, James Martin, Colin McFarquhar, Amos
Thompson, John Slemmons, James Lang, John King, John Craighead, Samuel
Dougal, John Linn, John McKnight, Hezekiah Balch, William Linn, John
McMillan, John Black, David Bard, and Samuel Waugh.
Of the Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Jacob Kerr,
Alexander Houston, John Ranken, and Samuel McMasters.
The whole Presbytery of Hanover except Mr. John Smith.
The whole Presbytery of Orange, except Dr. McWhorter.
The whole Presbytery of Dutchess.
Elders present : Messrs. John Williams, Robert Mead, Lewis Grant, Robert
Porter.
The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. Miller, the moderator last year, with
a sermon on Acts xx. 28.
Mr. Duffield chosen moderator, and Messrs. Irwin and Samuel S. Smith
clerks.
The several Presbyteries are ordered to bring in their reports by to-morrow
morning.
The Rev. Messrs. Cooper, Finley, and King, together with Messrs. Porter
and Grant, elders, are appointed a committee of overtures to meet here to-mor-
row morning at six o'clock, and afterward upon adjournment, as occasion may
require.
The Synod as a commission for the ensuing year, appoint the Rev. Drs.
Ewing and Sproat, the Rev. Messrs. James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Elihu Spencer,
Israel Reed, Alexander Mitchell, James Boyd, John Simonton, Robert Smith,
John Carmichael, Robert Cooper, Thomas McFerrin, and John Craighead,
with the moderator ; together with Messrs. John Williams, Robert Mead, Lewis
Grant, and Robert Porter, elders ; thirteen of whom to be a quorum, and the
moderator to convene the commission as occasion may require, and preside in
62
490 MNUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1781.
the meeting, or in case of his death or disability, the first surviving member on
the roll to call the meeting, and the first on the roll of the members convened,
to preside.
Some members of the committee appointed by Synod last year, to dispose of
the interest of the money in the hands of the corporation for the widows' fund,
inform that the committee met and disposed of the money according to order ;
their minutes not being present, they are ordered to bring them at the next
meeting of Synod. The Rev. Dr. McWhorter, the Rev. Messrs. Duffield, Mc-
Creary, Davidson, and Irwin, are appointed a committee to dispose of the in-
terest arising from said money this year.
Mr. Dutfield has not fulfilled the order of last Synod respecting the three
hundred pounds in the hands of the corporation of the college of New Jersey.
The Synod on consideration, agreed that that money be continued for the pre-
sent in the hands of the corporation.
The committee appointed by last Synod, to dispose of the money in the
hands of the corporation of the College of New Jersey, for the education of
poor and pious youth, met, but no proper object ofi"cring, the distribution was
not made.
Ordered, That the Rev. Drs. McWhorter and Witherspoon, the Rev. Messrs.
Israel Read, Elihvx Spencer, and James Caldwell, be appointed a committee to
dispose of said money, and to meet at Princeton the last \yednesday of Septem-
ber nest, for that purpose.
No report being made from Lewes Presbytery respecting the Rev. Mr.
Lewis,
Ordered, That they bring in their report at our next meeting.
The committee appointed to collect and iusei-t in the Synod's book, papers
of importance belonging to Synod, inform that they have collected said papers
according to order, but have not yet inserted them.
On further consideration, instead of inserting them in the Appendix, the
Synod order, that the stated clerk, file, date, and indorse all such papers, and
preserve them for the use of Synod.
The Presbytery of New Castle have not brought in their minutes respecting
a case of marriage, as ordered in our last.
The Synod renew their orders to that Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayei-.
17(h day^ nine dcloch, A. M. Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui
suixra.
Mr. Alison is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.
The Presbytery of New York report, that they have ordained iMr. John Jo-
line to the work of the gospel ministry, and licensed Messrs. Fish and Ford-
ham to preach the gospel ; that the Rev. Mr. Ilait departed this life the 27th
of June, 1779; and that Messrs. Green, Lewis, C rover, and Bradford, have
withdrawn from that Presbytery.
The l^rcsbytcry of New Brunswick report, that they have, since the last
meeting of Synod, received as a member the Rev. Mr. Samuel Stanhope Smith,
and licensed Mr. Peter AVilson to preach the gospel, and that the Rev. Jere-
miah Ilalsey departed this life the beginning of October last.
The First Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr.
Isaac Keith to the work of the gospel ministry, and dismissed him to join the
Presbytery of Donegal, and that the Rev. John Brainerd departed this life the
21st day of March last.
The Presbytery of New Castle report, that the Rev. "William Foster was re-
moved by death in September last.
1781.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. f 491
The Donegal Presbytery report, that in the four years past, they have
licensed Messrs. Samuel Waugh, James Duulap, David Bard, Stephen Balch,
Joseph Henderson, and Matthew Woods, to preach the gospel, and that they
have ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, Messrs. John Linn, David
Bard, Samuel Waugh, and received from the first Presbytery of Philadelphia,
the Rev. Isaac Keith.
Dr. McAVhorter reported to the Synod, that the distressed circumstances of
North Carolina, arising from the war, have rendered the objects of his removal
thither abortive, and prevented him from obtaining a regular dismission from
the Oi'ange Presbytery.
Ordered, That Dr. McWorter be re-united to the New York Presbytery.
Mr. Spencer reported, that agreeably to the order of Synod last year, he had
waited on Dr. Witherspoon, the treasurer of Synod, and received from him the
following account of moneys in his hand :
1777, May 20th, By balance of this date due to Synod - £54 9 5^
good money. •
1779, Feb. 26th, By cash received of Pv,ev. Mr. Johnson's
legacy, - - - . £278 3 4
Out of which he has paid, by order of
Synod, - - - - 39 0 0
Remains due, - - - - £239 3 4
of the value of money of 26th February, 1779. Together with £54 9 5 J
the good money, above-mentioned.
The consideration of the reference from the New Castle Presbytery, respect-
ing the marriage of a certain Anthony Duchane, deferred till next Synod.
Whereas, the Synod is deeply affected that the judicatures of the church are
so exceedingly neglected, both by ministers and elders, especially the latter,
and taking this matter into serious consideration, and apprehending that rine
reason of this non-attendance, particularly on the sessions of Synod, arises from
the congregations making no provision for defraying the expenses of ministers
and elders, do therefore request the Presbyteries to direct their members to
recommend it to their respective congregations to make contributions for this
purpose ; and the Synod do further request, that the Presbyteries take every
proper measure to excite their members to attend upon this judicature.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
18^7i doT/, nine d clock, A. M. Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
Messrs. Boyd, Clark, and Robert Keith, are now come ; their reasons for not
attending sooner, sustained.
The Rev. Messrs. Joseph Smith, John McMillan, James Powers, and Thad-
deus Dodd, having requested to be erected into a separate Presbytery, to be
known by the name of the Presbytery of Redstone, the Synod grant their re-
quest, and appoint their first meeting to be held at Laurel Hill Church, the
third Wednesday of September next, at eleven o'clock, A. M.
The Presbytery of New Castle applied to Synod for liberty to ordain Mr.
Daniel Jones, sine titulo, to the work of the gospel ministry, which was
granted.
The Synod renew the recommendation of some former Synods, to all their
congregations, to spend a part of the last Thursday of every month in social
prayer, as their respective circumstances will admit.
The Synod agree to pay the janitor three dollars specie, for his attendance
492 ' MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1782.
on the present session ; and the stated clerk forty shillings specie, for tran-
scribing the minutes of Synod for two years past.
Ordered, That Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the above
sums of money.
Adjourned to meet at the first Presbyterian church in Philadelphia, the third
Wednesday of May next, at ten o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1782.
Philadelphia, May loth, 1782.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment at
the First Presbyterian church. Ubi j^ost jyreces sederunt
Of New York Presbytery : Rev. Alexander Miller.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Rev. Drs. Witherspoon and Spencer, Rev.
Messrs. John Woodhull, John Warford, Samuel Stanhope Smith. Elder,
Kenith Henkinson.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Dr. Sproat, Rev. Messrs. Alex-
ander Mitchell, James Boyd, Nathaniel Irwin, William Hollinshead, William
Schenck, Robert Keith. Elders, Messrs. Hugh Hodge, John Burley, John
Hutton.
Of the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Drs. John Ewing, Patrick
Alison, Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, Robert Davidson. Elders, Robert Por-
ter, John Boyd.
Of New Castle Presbytery: Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, James FInley,
James Latta, James Anderson, James Armstrong, Daniel Jones, William
Smith. Elders, Messrs. John Clark, J. Sharpo, W. Cooke.
Of Donegal Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Colin McFarquhar, Robert Cooper,
John Craighead, John King, I. Black, Isaac Keith.
Of Lewes Presbytery : Rev. John Miller.
Of Redstone Presbytery : Rev. James Power.
Absent : Of New York Presbytery : Rev. Drs. John Rodgers, Hugh Knox,
Alexander McWhorter, Rev. Messrs. Timothy Jones, Aaron Richards, Simon
Horton, Abner Brush, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin Woodruff, Joseph Treat,
Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, John Close, Jedidiah Chapman, Jacob Vanarsdalen,
Andrew King, and John Joline.
Of the New Brunswick Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Samuel
Kennedy, Israel Reed, John Hannah, Thomas Smith, Philip Stockton, and
Francis Peppard.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. James Watt, George
Duffield, James Grier, Daniel McCalla, Israel Evans, Andrew Hunter, and
George Faitout.
Of the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Elder, and Ro-
bert McMordie.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Rev. IVIessrs. William McKennan, John Mc-
Creary, John Clark, Thomas Read, Thomas Smith, Samuel Eakiu, Joseph
Montgomery, John Carmichael, Nathaniel Semple, and John Finley.
Of Donegal Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, James Hunt,
Amos Thompson, John Hoge, Hugh McGill, James Lang, Hugh Vance,
James JNIartin, John Slemmons, Thomas McFerrin, William Linn, John Mc-
Knight, John Linn, David Bard, Samuel Waugli, Samuel Dougall, Joseph Hen-
derson.
The whole of Lewes Presbytery absent, except the Rev. John Miller.
The whole Presbytery of Redstone, except Mr. Power.
The whole Presbyteries of Hanover, Orange, Suffolk, and Dutchess, absent.
The Rev. Samuel Blair was invited to sit as a correspondent member.
1782.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. ' 493
The moderator of last year being absent, the Synod was opened by Dr.
Elihu Spencer, with a sermon from Matthew xxviii. 20.
The Ptev. James Latta, of New Castle Presbytery, was chosen moderator, and
Messrs. Nathaniel Irwin and Samuel S. Smith, were chosen clerks.
The Ptev. Messrs. A. Miller, AY. Hollingshead, John Woodhull, A. Mitchell,
J. Simonton, James Power, John King, John Craighead, and John Black, who
were absent last year, being now present, gave reasons for their absence, which
were sustained.
Ordered, That the several Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow
morning.
The llev. Messrs. John Craighead, John Woodhull, James Boyd, James An-
derson, Robert Keith, and Messrs. John Clarke and Thomas Sharp, were ap-
pointed to be a committee of overtures, to meet here to-morrow morning, at six
o'clock, and afterwards by adjournments, as occasion may recjuire.
The Ptev. Drs. John Witherspoon, John Ewing, James Sproat, Elihu Spen-
cer, Alexander McWhorter, and Messrs. Azel lioe, Israel Reed, Alexander
Mitchell, James Boyd, John Simonton, Robert Smith, John Carraichael, Robert
Cooper, Thomas McFerrin, John Craighead, with the moderator, together with
Messrs. Hugh Hodge, John Boyd, Robert Porter, John Clarke, elders, were
appointed to be a commission of Synod for the ensuing year ; thirteen of
whom shall be a quorum. The moderator shall have power to convene a meet-
ing, and to preside therein, and in case of his death or disability, the first sur-
viving member on the list shall call a meeting, and the first on the list present
shall preside.
The distribution made by the committee for disposing of certain moneys in
the hands of the corporation of the widows' fund, in the year 1780, was re-
ported to the Synod.
The committee appointed last year for disposing the said moneys met, and in
consideration of the difficulties under which the corporation labour, through the
decay of their funds, agree to remit these moneys to the corporation, to be by
them applied to the ends of their institution.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
TJmrsday morning, nine o' clock. The St/nod met according to adjournment.
Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery of New York reported, that the Rev. James Caldwell was
removed by death on the 24th of November, 1781.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick reported, that they have dismissed the
Rev. G-eorge Faitout to join the First Philadelphia Presbytery, and licensed Mr.
Joseph Reed to preach the gospel.
The First Philadelphia Presbytery reported, that the Rev. William Mackey
Tennent of Connecticut, and the Rev. George Faitout, had been received by
them, and that Mr. Faitout had been installed in the congregation of Green-
wich.
The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that the Rev. Alexander McDowell,
was removed by death on the 12th of January, 1782, and that they have or-
dained the Rev. Messrs. Daniel Jones, John Evans Finley, and James Dunlap,
to the work of the gospel ministry, and that since, Mr. Dunlap is removed
within the bounds of Redstone Presbytery.
The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they have ordained and installed
Mr. Joseph Henderson, as pastor of the church of Great Canawaga, and that
they have dismissed the Rev. Hezekiah Balch to join the Presbytery of
Hanover.
The Presbytery of Orange reported, by a letter from their moderator, that
494 MINUTES OF THE SYXOD OF [1782.
they have ordained Messrs. Robert Archibald, Thomas iMcCade, Thomas Craig-
head, James IMcKee, Daniel Thatcher, Samuel McCorkle, James Templeton,
John Casson, James Hall, William Hill, to the work of the gospel ministry,
and licensed Messrs. Thomas Donnell, David Burr, Samuel Lake, and Francis
Cummings, to preach the gospel.
The Synod taking up the consideration of the interest of certain money in
the hands of the corporation of the widows' fund, to be disposed of by them,
or their committee, in conjunction with said corporation, appoint the Rev.
Drs. Elihu Spencer, Joseph Montgomery, Patrick Alison, Messrs. Robert
Cooper, John Black, Nathaniel Irwin, and Samuel S. Smith, for the ensuing
year, a committee, who are particularly instructed to collect all the papers and
vouchers they can procure for elucidating this matter and exhibiting it in its
true light, to examine what is now the real state of the money in question,
and to dispose of whatever there may be subject to their disposal.
The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon, Alexander McWhorter, Elihu Spencer,
and the Rev. Messrs. Israel Read, John Woodhull, and Samuel S. Smith, were
appointed to be a committee to dispose of the interest of moneys in the hands
of the corporation of the college of New Jersey, for the educating poor and
pious youth, to meet at Princeton on the last day of September next.
The Synod renewed their recommendation to the Presbyteries under their
care, to take proper measures to engage their members to attend the sessions of
Synod, and to remind the congregations in their bounds, of their duty to make
provision for defraying the expenses of ministers and elders in attending the
judicatures of the church.
The Presbytery of Redstone reported, that they met and constituted accord-
ing to the order of the last Synod.
Ordered, That the Rev. James Finley endeavour to procure the act of Synod
of the year 1729, adopting the standards of the Church of Scotland, and pro-
duce it the next sessions.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. The St/nod met.
Ordered, That the several Presbyteries produce their Presbyterial records at
the next session of Synod.
An appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery of Donegal, on an accusa-
tion of fornication, was introduced by William Duffaeld, junior; after delibera-
tion, ordered, that the further consideration of it be deferred till to-morrow.
An appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery of New Castle was brought
in by the Rev. James Finley, upon the subject of his removal from his congre-
gation ; ordered, that it be deferred till to-morrow.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with
prayer.
Vlth day, nine o'clock, A. 31. The Synod met.
Messrs. Siraonton and Clarke had leave of absence.
A letter was brought in from the Presbytery of Orange to the Synod, re-
questing liberty to ordain ]\Ir. David Barr, nine iitii/o, to the work of the gospel
ministry. Resolved, that they be permitted to ordain him accordingly.
The Synod proceeded to consider Mr. Finley's appeal from the judgment of
New Castle Presbytery. The parties were fully heard, and the Synod having
deliberated on the matter, are of opinion that the pastoral relation between Mr.
Finley and his congregation ought to be dissolved, and they do accordingly
dissolve it.
Mr. Tenuent hud leave of absence during the remainder of the session.
1782.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 495
The subject of Mr. Duffield's appeal was resumed. Ordered, tliat the cause
be remitted back to the Presbytery of Donegal.
As it appears the interest of religion is in danger of suffering greatly at pre-
sent, from the many discouragements under which the ministers of the gospel
labour, from the want of a sufficient support and liberal maintenance from the
congregations they serve, the Synod appoint a committee to take this matter
into consideration, and report thereon to the next Synod Ordered, that Drs.
Witherspoon, Ewing, and Spencer, be a committee for this purpose.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met.
The Kev. John Blair Smith, of the Presbytery of Hanover, is come; the
reasons for his not coming sooner are sustained.
Mr. Smith reports, that the Presbytery of Hanover have ordained Messrs.
William Wilson, and John Montgomery, and had licensed Messrs. James
Mitchell, and Samuel Shannon.
Anthony Dushane, who has married the sister of his former wife, and whose
case has been before the Synod for two years past, preferred a petition, that
he might no longer be debarred the privileges of the Church, on the account
of said marriage. After full and deliberate discussion, the question was put,
Shall' Anthony Dushane and his wife be capable of Christian privileges, their
marriage notwithstanding ? which was carried in the affirmative by a considera-
ble majority.
The followmg gentlemen chose to express their dissent from the preceding
decision, viz : Alexander Miller, John King, John Craighead, Colin McFar-
quhar, James Power. The Piev. James Finley, and Robert Cooper, chose to
protest against it, and had the liberty of sending their reasons hereafter.
Dr. John Witherspoon, Joseph Montgomerj^, and Dr. Elihu Spencer, were
appointed to be a committee to prepare an address to the minister of France,
congratulating him on the birth of a dauphin, son and heir to the crown of his
royal master, expressing the pleasure the Synod feel on this happy event.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, seven o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
\%th day, seven o'clock, A. 31. The Synod met.
The committee appointed to prepare a draught of an address to the minister
of France, brought in one; which being read, paragraph by paragraph, ordered,
that it be signed by the moderator, and that the moderator, Dr. ^A'itherspoon,
and Mr. Montgomery, be a committee to wait upon the minister, and to present
the above in the name and behalf of the Synod.
The Presbytery of New Nork represented to Synod that one of their mem-
bers now resided in the bounds of New Brunswick Presbytery, whose moral
character laboured under some imputations, and requested the advice of Synod
as to which of the Presbyteries should make the inquiry into that matter,
whereupon the Synod judged it to be the duty of the Presbytery of New York.
Notwithstanding the decision of last evening in the particular case of Anthony
Dushane, the Synod, in consideration that such marriages are of ill report in
many parts of the Church, do recommend it to their people, to abstain from
them, in order to avoid giving offence.
Agreed, to pay the janitor forty shillings for his attendance on the present
session. Ordered, that Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the
same.
Adjourned to meet in the Second Presbyterian Church, in Philadelphia, the
third Wednesday of May nest, at eleven o'clock, ante meridiem.
Concluded with prayer.
496 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1783.
1783.
Philadelphia, May 1\st, 1783.
The Synod of New York and Pbiladclpliia met according to adjournment,
at the Second Presbyterian church. Uhi jjost jn-eccs sederunt
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. John Rodgers and Alexander
McWhorter, the Rev. Messrs. Nathan Kerr, Jonathan Ehner, and Alexander
Miller.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon and Elihn
Spencer, the Rev. Messrs. Samuel S. Smith. Samuel Kennedy, and Francis
Peppard.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery: The Rev. Dr. James Sproat, the Rev.
Messrs. George DufBeld. Alexander Mitchell, William Hollingshead, William
Tennent, Daniel McCalla, George Faitout, Nathaniel Irwin, and Samuel Blair.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Ewing, the Rev.
Messrs. Robert McMordie, and Robert Davidson.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Messrs. James Latta, Robert
Smith, James Finley, Thomas Read, William Smith, John Carmichael, John
McCreary, James Anderson, and Daniel Jones.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper, James Lang,
John Craighead, John King, Colin McFarquhar, Thomas McFerrin, William
Linn, and John Black.
Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Rev. Mr. John IMc^Millan.
Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Messrs. John Miller and Samuel
McMasters.
Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. IMr. James Edmunds.
Elders : Messrs. William Faulkner, John Pinkerton, William Mclntire, John
Bergen, Robert Porter, James Porter, William Brizbeu, Samuel Waugh, Lucas
Aldridge, and Patrick Scott.
Absent: Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. Hugh Knox, the
Rev. Messrs. Timothy Jones, Simon Horton, Aaron Richards, John Moffatt,
Benjamin AVoodruif, Abner Brush, Joseph Treat, Azel Roe, Jedidiah Chapman,
Jacob Yanarsdalen, Matthias Burnet, Andrew King, and John Joline.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Israel
Read, John Hannah, John Woodhull, John Warford, Thomas Smith, and Philip
Stockton.
Of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt.
William Schenck, James Grier, Andrew Hunter, Israel Evans, and Robert
Keith.
Of the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Messrs. John Elder and
John Simon ton.
Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. INIessrs. William McKennan,
Joseph jMontgomcry, James Armstrong, John Finley, Thomas Smith, and
Samuel Eakin.
Of the Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. IMessrs. Samuel Thompson, John
Hogg, James Martin, Hugh 3IcGill, Amos Thompson, James Hunt, Ilugli
Yance, Samuel Duugal, John McKuight, John liinn, David Bard, Samuel
Waugh, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Woods, and Stephen Balch.
Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Rev. Messrs. John Chirk, James Power,
Thaddcus Dodd, James Dunlap, and Joseph Smith.
Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. Messrs. John Hill, Jose).h Alex-
ander, John Debeau, Casson, Roe, Archibald, McCall, Barr, Harris, Thacher,
Caldwell, Patillo, Craighead, McCorkle, Templetoa.
1783.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 497
Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Jacob
Kerr, Alexander Huston, and John Rankin.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Latta, the last year's moderator, with a ser-
mon from I Tim. iv. 16.
The Rev John McCreary, of New Castle Presbytery, was chosen mode-
rator, and the Rev. Messrs. Nathaniel Irwin and John Black were chosen clerks.
The members who were absent from last Synod, as also from preceding
Synods, and now present, gave their reasons of absence, which were sustained.
Ordered, That the several Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow
morning.
The Rev. Messrs. Alexander Miller, Peppard, Mitchell, McMordie, William
Smith, Lang, John Miller, McMillan, Edmunds; with the elders, Messrs.
Brizban, Porter, Faulkner, and Scott, were appointed a committee of overtures,
to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and afterwards by adjournment,
as occasion may require.
The Synod proceeded to the choice of a commission for the ensuing year,
when the following gentlemen were appointed, viz. Drs. Witherspoon, Ewing,
Sproat, Spencer, and McWhorter, Messrs. Roe, Israel Read, Mitchell, Boyd,
Simon ton, Robert Smith, Carmichael, Cooper, McFerrin, John Miller, Matthew
Wilson, and John McCreary, with elders Faulkner, Pinkerton, ]McIutire, Ber-
gen, R. Porter, J. Porter, and Brizban; of these, thirteen shall be a quorum.
The moderator, with advice of six members, shall have power to call a meeting,
and to preside there; in case of his death or disability, the first surviving mem-
ber on the list shall call the meeting, and the first on the list of the members
convened, shall preside.
The committee appointed last Synod to examine into the state of the widows'
fund with regard to certain moneys in the hands of the corporaton of said fund,
which is subject to be disposed of by Synod, or their committee, report, that
they have not transacted that business.
The Synod then proceeded to the choice of a new committee for the same
business, when the following gentlemen were chosen, viz. Rev. Drs. Elihu
Spencer and Alexander McWhorter, Rev. Messrs. James Boyd, Robert David-
son, and Nathaniel Irwin, who are instructed to report to Synod before the con-
clusion of the present sessions.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Thursday morning, at nine o^ clock, the Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The Rev. John Slemmons is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, as
also for being absent from several preceding meetings of Synod, sustained; his
elder, Mr. William Ross.
The Rev. Dr. Patrick Alison and Rev. Nathaniel Semple are now come, their
reasons for not attending sooner, sustained ; Mr. Semple's elder is Mr. Robert
Bayly.
The Presbytery of New York report, that the Rev. Mr. William Woodhull,
one of their members, appeared before them at their last meeting, and stated to
them his situation, as being still incapable of exercising his ministry by his
continued indisposition, and the little, or rather no probability of his ever being
able to attempt the exercise of it in future, and that he was at the same time
engaged in certain secular employments that would seem to render it improper
to have his name in their records as a member, while he is incapable of attend-
ing their meetings, or discharging any of the great duties of his ministry, and
therefore submits to them the propriety of their continuing and considering him
63
498 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1783
as a member from time to time ; and that the Presbytery, on considering his
situation, thought it best to leave his name out of their records in future, till
he shall be able to return to the exercise of his ministry, an event that would
give them great pleasure.
The Synod considered the above report, and are of opinion, that Mr. Wood-
hull ought to be continued a member of the Presbytery of New York, and there-
fore direct that Presbytery to insert his name in their roll.
The Rev. Mr. Isaac Keith is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner,
sustained.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick reported, that they had licensed since
our last meeting, Mr. Joseph Clark to preach the gospel.
The First Presbytery of Philadelphia reported, that they have installed the
Rev. William Mackey Tennent in the united congregations of Abington, Nor-
rington, and New Providence, and that they have received the Rev. Samuel
Blair as a member ; and also received under their care Mr. Simeon Hyde, a
probationer from the eastern churches.
The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they have ordained the Rev. Mat-
thew Woods, and the Rev. Stephen Baleh to the work of the gospel ministry,
and licensed Mr. William Boyd and Mr. James Johnston to preach the gospel,
since our last meeting.
The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that they have dismissed the Rev.
3Ir. John Clark from them to join the Presbytery of Redstone, since our last
meeting.
The Presbytery of Redstone reported, that they have received the Rev.
Messrs. John Clark and James Dunlap, as members, since our last sessions.
Ordered, To proceed in reading the minutes of the last session.
Mr. Finley reports, that he has not been able to procure the act of Synod of
the year 1729, adopting the standards of the Church of Scotland.
Ordered, That Mr. Cooper and Mr. Boyd be a committee to examine the New
York Presbytery book, that Mr. Tennent and Mr. King be a committee to ex-
amine New Brunswick Presbytery book, that Mr. Elmer and 3Ir. Kerr be a
committee to examine the First Philadelphia Presbytery book, and to report on
Friday morning.
Whereas, the Presbyteries of Donegal, New Castle, Lewes, Orange, and Red-
stone, have not produced their Presbytery books, ordered, that they be careful
in future to lay the said books before Synod.
Upon motion, ordered, that the clerk of the Synod write to the Presbyteries
of Hanover, Suffolk, and Dutchess, that they be careful to attend the meetings
of Synod in future; and that if any circumstances should necessarily prevent
any of those Presbyteries from attending at any particular time, they should
make the necessary reports to Synod by lettei', and send their Presbytery books
for examination.
Mr. Francis Gamer, Mr. Carmichael's elder, is now come, his reasons for not
attending sooner, sustained.
The Rev. James Grier is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner,
sustained.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. the Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui supi-a.
The Rev. Mr. Joseph Smith is now come, his reasons for not attending
sooner, sustained.
Whereas, there was an order of last Synod for the expunging of a minute in
the proceedings of Synod of 1781, the Synod now taking up the matter, agree,
1783.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 499
that our minutes ought not to be expunged in any instance, and that the said
minute ought, tlierefore, to be now revived and inserted in the present records ;
accordingly it is hereby revived and is as follows, viz :
" It having been represented to Synod, that the Presbyterian church suflFers
greatly in the opinion of other denominations, from an apprehension that they
hold intolerant principles, the Synod do solemnly and publicly declare, that
they ever have, and still do renounce and abhor the principles of intolerance;
and we do believe that every peaceable member of civil society ought to be pro-
tected in the full and free exercise of their religion/'
Remonstrances from sundry congregations were brought in by the committee
of overtures, requesting a reversing of the decision of last Synod, respecting the
marriage of a man with his former wife's sister. After much deliberation,
Synod agree to reconsider the subject to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Sd da?/, nine o'clock, A. M. Synod nut. Post pi-eces sederunt qui
supra.
The Rev. Robert Keith is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner,
sustained.
Mr. Carmichael hath leave of absence during the remainder of the present
sessions.
Agreeably to the order of this day, the Synod proceeded to reconsider the
case of marriage, and discussed the subject at considerable length ; the further
consideration thereof deferred till the afternoon.
The Rev. Dr. McWhorter hath leave of absence during the remainder of the
present sessions.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui sxqyra.
Mr. Ross, Mr. Slemmons's elder, hath leave of absence till to-morrow
morning.
The Synod resumed the consideration of the case of marriage, and after
debating the matter at some length, agreed to defer the final decision thereof
till to-morrow morning.
Through the committee of overtures, it was requested by the first Presby-
tery of Philadelphia, that the Synod declare to them their sense on this point,
viz : whether a person without a liberal education may be taken on trials or
licensed to preach the gospel ? The question being put, it was carried in the
negative.
A committee was appointed last sessions of Synod to take into considera-
tion the difiiculties under which gospel ministers labour, for want of a liberal
maintenance from the congregations they serve, and report to this Synod ;
said committee brought in their report, which was read and considered :
Whereupon ordered, that Drs. Witherspoon and Spencer, with Mr. S. Smith,
be a committee to prepare a draught of a pastoral letter to the congregations,
under the inspection of Synod, as also to prepare some resolves to be past by
Synod, and accompany said letter; the whole to be brought in to-morrow
morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
500 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1783.
24:th day, nine o'clock, A. M. the Sijnod met. Post preccs sederunt qui
supra.
The Synod having again resumed the consideration of the judirmont which
they passed last year concerning Anthony Dushane, declare their dissatisfaction
with all such marriages as are inconsistent with the Levitical law, and that
persons marrying within the degrees of consanguinity prohibited in that law,
ought to suffer the censures of the church ; and they further judge, that
although the marriage of a man to two sisters successively, viz : to the one
after the death of the other, may not be a direct violation of the express words
of that law, yet as it is contrary to the custom of the Protestant churches in
general, and an evidence of great untenderness towards many serious and well
disposed Christians, and may, through the prejudices or generally received
opinions of the members of our church, be productive of very disagreeable
consequences; the persons contracting such marriages are highly censurable,
and the practice ought to be disallowed in express terms by the Synod, and we
do therefore condemn such marriages as imprudent and unseasonable. Yet as
some things may be done very imprudently and unseasonably, which when done
ought not to be annulled, we are of opinion, that it is not necessary for the
persons whom this judgment respects to separate from one another, yet they
should not be received into the communion of the church without a solemn
admonition, at the discretion of the session of the congregation to which they
belong ; and the Synod publicly recommend it to all their members to abstain
from celebrating such marriages, and to discountenance them by all the proper
means in their power.
Mr. Finley dissented from the above judgment, and requested leave to enter
his reasons of dissent in the minutes, which was granted.
The committee appointed to prepare a draught of a pastoral letter to the
congregations under the inspection of Synod, reported one, which, after a few
alterations, was approved of, and Dr. Witherspoon and Mr. Black were directed
to have it fairly transcribed, signed by the moderator, and printed.
The consideration of the resolves brought in by the committee which draughted
the pastoral letter, deferred till next Synod.
The Synod taking into consideration the situation of many people under their
care, who, through the indigence of their circumstances are not able to pur-
chase Bibles, and arc in danger of perishing for lack of knowledge :
Ordered, That every member of this body shall use his utmost influence in
the congregation under his inspection, and in the vacancies contiguous to them,
to raise contributions for the purchasing of Bibles, to be distributed among
such poor persons; and that l)r. Sproat and Ewing, and IMr. Duflield, be a
committee to receive such contributions, to purchase Bibles therewith, and send
them to the several members of this Synod, who, in conjunction with their re-
spective sessions, shall distribute them. And as Mr. Aitkon, from laudable
motives, and with great expense, hath undertaken and executed an elegant im-
pression of the Holy Scriptures, which, on account of the importation of l^ibles
from Europe, will be very injurious to his temporal circumstances : Synod
further agree, that the above committee shall purchase Bibles of the said im-
pression and no other, and earnestly recommend it to all, to purchase such in
preference to any other.
The committees appointed to examine the Presbytery books reported accord-
ingly.
Agreed to pay the stated clerk forty shillings for transcribing the minutes of
two years; to discharge the bill of one pound, one shilling, and six pence, con-
tingent expenses; and to pay the janitor forty shillings for his attendance on
the present sessions.
1784.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 501
Ordered, That Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the above
sums.
Adjourned to meet at the First Presbyterian Churchj in Philadelphia, the
third Wednesday of May next, at eleven o'clock, A. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1784.
PMladelphia, May l^tJi, 1784.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment,
at the First Presbyterian church.
Present : Of the New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Jonathan Elmer,
Nathan Kerr, Alexander Miller.
Of the New Brunswick Presbytery : Rev. Dr. Elihu Spencer.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. James Sproat, the Rev.
Messrs. George Duffield, Alexander Mitchell, James Boyd, James Grier, Andrew
Hunter, William Scheuck, Francis Peppard, Samuel Blair, Israel Evans, Na-
thaniel Irwin.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. John Ewing, Patrick
Alison, and the Rev. Mr. Robert Davidson.
Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, William
McKennan, James Anderson, and John McCreary.
Of the Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Craighead, William
Linn, Isaac Keith, Matthew Woods, and Robert Cooper.
Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Mr. John Miller.
Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Rev. Mr. James Dunlap.
Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. James Edmunds.
Elders present : Mr. Benjamin Gale, Col. John Bayard, Messrs. Hosea Law-
rence, Robert Porter, Robert Boggs, and Robert Patterson.
Absent : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. Timothy Jones,
the Rev. Drs. John Rodgers, and Hugh Knox, the Rev. Messrs. Simon Hor-
ton, Aaron Richards, John Moffatt, Abner Brush, Benjamin Woodruff, Joseph
Treat, Azel Roe, Jedidiah Chapman, John Close, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William
Woodhull, INIatthias Burnet, Andrew King, John Joline, and the Rev. Dr. Alex-
ander McWhorter.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon
and Samuel Smith, the Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Israel Read, John Hannah,
John Woodhull, Samuel Kennedy, John Warford, Thomas Smith, and Philip
Stockton.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt, Daniel
McCalla, George Faitout, Robert Keith and William Tennent.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Elder, John
Simonton, and Robert McMordie.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Joseph Montgomery, Thomas
Read, Thomas Smith, James Finley, John Finley, Nathaniel Semple, James
F. Armstrong. William Smith, James Latta.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Samuel Thompson, John Hoge,
James Hunt, Hugh Magill, James Martin, Colin McFarquar, Amos Thompson,
John Slemmons, James Lang, John King, Hugh Vance, John Black, John
McKnight, David Beard, John Linn, Samuel Waugh, Joseph Henderson, Ste-
phen Balch, and Samuel Dougal.
Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Matthew Wilson, Jacob Kerr, Alex-
ander Huston, John Rankin, Samuel McMasters.
502 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1784.
Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Hev. Messrs. John McMillan, James
Power, Joseph Smith, Thaddeus Dodd, John Clark.
Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. Messrs. Joseph Alexander, Robert
Archibald, David Barr, David Caldwell, John Casson, Francis Cummings,
Thomas Craighead, James Frazier, James Hall, John Harris, Thomas Hill,
Thomas McCall, Samuel McCorkle, James McKce, Henry Pattillo, Thomas
Rces, John Simpson, James Templeton, Daniel Thatcher.
The whole Presbyteries of Hanover, Dutchess, and Suifolk.
The Synod was opened by the Rev. John McCreary, the moderator of last
year, with a sermon from Jeremiah iii. 22.
The Rev. Jonathan Elmer was chosen moderator, Messrs. William Linn, and
Nathaniel Irwin, clerks.
The members who were absent from last Synod, and are present now, gave
their reasons of absence, which were satisfactory.
The Rev. Messrs. Nathan Kerr, James Boyd, Robert Davidson, John
McCreary, Isaac Keith, James Dunlap, and James Edmunds, with Col. Bayard,
Messrs. Robert Porter, Benjamin Grale, and Robert Patterson, elders, were ap-
pointed a committee of overtures, to meet here to-morrow morning, six o'clock,
and afterwards by adjournment, as occasion may require.
Ordered, That the Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow morning.
Dr. Alison and Mr. Keith are appointed a committee to examine the Orange
Presbytery book.
Mr. Craighead and Mr. Cooper were appointed a committee to examine the
New Castle Presbytery book.
Mr. Mitchell and Mr. Duffield to examine the Donegal Presbytery book.
The Rev. Mr. James Finley sent in his reasons for dissenting from judgment
of last Synod, respecting a certain Anthony Dushane, and Eliza, his wife, which
were ordered to be inserted. They are as follows :
" The subscriber begs the following may be inserted, as containing his rea-
sons for protesting against the judgment formed by the Synod, the year 1783,
upon a review of the judgment or judgments formed the preceding year, respect-
ing Anthony Dushane and his supposed wife. The reasons are :
" 1st. That although this year's judgment differs from the judgment of the
preceding year, in words, yet the substance is nearly the same ; the first year's
judgment allows the above said persons to be admitted to privileges, notwith-
standing their marriage, the second does the same ; the former cautions against
such marriages purely because offensive to many, the latter does the same, and
goes no further than to say that marriages, contrary to the prohibitions in Levi-
ticus, are imprudent and unseasonable, many in our church being offended at
them, and they are offended for a reason very different from that given by the
Synod. The last of the former judgments, by implication, reproves persons
guilty of such marriages, for it blames them as acting imprudently, this year's
goes little further; for it only requires them to be rebuked, and that at the dis-
cretion of the session, which may be done very privately, and it neither requires
them to confess their fault nor forsake it.
" 2dly. This year's judgment appears to be worse than that of the last, for
the former, however unsoundly intended, yet was more safely worded ; for
they say nothing about the persons cohabiting for the future, but only respect
the marriage, which is a crime, that upon confessing and then forsaking the
marriage bed, ought to be passed over, and had this been added, the juilgment
would have been very vindicable ; but this year's judgment allows them to
cohabit, which is the crime directly forbidden by Almighty God ; so that
hereby the Synod allow them to continue in the constant violation of a moral
negative precept. Therefore, since there is such an agreement, and the last
judgment worse than the former, I firmly adhere to the reasons given in my first
1784.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 503
protest as applicable here. I would add, that the Synod has treated with dis-
regard the petitions of many worthy persons, who begged, that if the Synod
should confirm their former judgment, they would let them know their reasons
for so doing, which I think is not done. The only thing like it is their saying
in the minute that some things may be done very imprudently and unseasona-
bly, which when done ought not to be annulled, which nobody doubts; but the
petitioners expected a proof that this was a thing of that nature, and to have
been instructed in it. Upon the whole, although I desire not to promote uneasi-
ness, yet knowing it to be my duty to testify against the declensions and dan-
gerous innovations in our church, I am obliged by conscience to act as I do in
this, and may go furthei', be offended who will.
"James Finley."
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
^Oth, nine o'clock, A. 31. Synod met.
Mr. Peppard obtained leave of absence from the remainder of the sessions.
The Rev. John Linn is now come, his reasons for absence from several foi-mer
meetings of Synod, and not attending sooner at this, sustained.
The Rev. Dr. McWhorter and the Rev. Dr. Rodgers are now come, their
reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.
Whereas, the Synod last year recommended it to their members to make
collections for the purpose of buying Bibles of Mr. Aitken's impression, to be
distributed among the poor : And as it appears that that recommendation has
not been fully executed, the Synod now renew the order, and earnestly recom-
mend it to those who have yet done nothing in that business, to do every
thing in their power to promote so good a design, either by purchases in the
said impression, or any other they may prefer. The Synod further order the
several Presbyteries to pay a special attention to this matter, and that the clerk
write to the Presbyteries that are not represented in the Synod, on the same
subject.
The Synod proceeded to receive the reports of the several Presbyteries, when
the Presbytery of New York reported, that they have re-inserted the name of
the Rev. William WoodhuU in their records, agreeably to the order of last Sy-
nod ; and that they have installed the Rev. Alexander IMiller to the pastoral
charge of the congregation of South Hanover, since the last Synod.
The First Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr.
Simeon Hyde to the work of the gospel ministry, and installed him in the con-
gregation of Deerfield, and that he has been removed by death ; they further
report, that they have received the Rev. Mr. Francis Peppard from the Presby-
tery of New Brunswick, and dismissed the Rev. William Holliugshead in con-
sequence of his having accepted an invitation from a congregation in Charles-
town, South Carolina, all since the last session of Synod.
The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that the Rev. Samuel Eakin has
been removed by death since last Synod.
The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they have dismissed Mr. William
Boyd, a licensed candidate under their care, that he may put himself under the
care of New Brunswick Presbytery.
The Presbytery of Orange reported, that they have since their last report to
Synod, ordained Mr. David Barr, and installed him in the congregation of Sandy
river; that they have ordained Mr. Francis Cummings, and installed him in the
congregation of Bethel ; and also ordained Mr. James McKee, and installed
him in the congregation of Steel Creek; that they have licensed Messrs.
Robert Finley, Robert Hall, Robert Mechlin, and James Newton, to preach the
gospel, and that the Rev. Messrs. John Debow and James Campbell have been
removed by death.
504 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1784.
The Presbyteries of New Brunswick, Redstone, and the Second Presbytery
of Philadelphia, informed Synod that they have nothing to report.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clocJc, P. M. Synod met.
The Rev. Mr. McMordie is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner,
sustained.
Dr. Spencer informed Synod that the Rev. David McClure, of New England,
proposed a journey to the southward to preach the gospel, and that he was de-
sirous of obtaining recommendations from Synod to the vacancies in that part
of the church. The Synod direct the stated clerk, together with Mr. Duffield, to
furnish him with such recommendations, provided he produces to them sufficient
testimonials.
Mr. Boggs had leave of absence during the remainder of the sessions.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock . Concluded with prayer.
list, nine o'clock, A. M. Synod met.
Mr. Walker Smith, Dr. Spencer's elder, is now come.
The Rev. Dr. Samuel S. Smith is now come, his reasons for not attending
sooner, sustained.
The Synod having reason, by information given since their present meeting,
to apprehend the churches under their care in imminent danger from ministers
and licensed candidates of unsound principles coming among us, do hereby
renew their former injunction to the respective Presbyteries within their
bounds, relative to this matter, and do also strictly enjoin on every member of
this body, under pain of censure, to be particularly careful in this respect.
And the stated clerk of the Synod is hereby directed to furnish each of our
Presbyteries with an attested copy of the said injunctions, together with a copy
of this minute.
The Presbytery of Orange applied to the Synod for their advice respecting
an irregular member of their body, cited to appear and neglecting to attend, or
living at so great a distance that he cannot be cited. Ordered, that Mr. Cooper
and Mr. Kerr be a committee to prepare and bring in a report on this affair iu
the afternoon.
The Presbytery of Orange represented to Synod that their numbers are so
increased, and their bounds so extensive, as to render it very inconvenient for
them to meet in one place. They, therefore, request the Synod to form a num-
ber of their members into a distinct Presbytery, to be known by the name of
the Presbytery of South Carolina. The Synod grant their request, and order
the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Alexander, Francis Cummings, James Edmunds, John
Harris, Thomas Recs, and John Simpson, to be set oft' from the Orange Pres-
bytery and formed into a Presbytery as aforesaid, and appoint their first meet-
ing to be at the Wexaws, the second Tuesday of April next, at eleven o'clock,
A. M., and the Rev. James Edmunds to preside in said meeting. The Synod
further direct that the line that divides North and South Carolina be in future
the line of separation between the Presbytery of Orange and the Presbytery of
South Carolina.
Adjourned till half-past three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Half-past three o'clock, P. M. Synod met.
The committee appointed to bring in a report this afternoon on the case
committed to them, brought in one accordingly, which not being approved, the
Synod adopted the following, viz : In answer to an application from the Orange
Presbytery for advice in a particular case, which is expressly provided for in
1785.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 505
the discipline of the Presbyterian Church, advised that they strictly conform
themselves to its known rules in such cases provided.
The Rev. Dutch Classis of New Brunswick having expressed an uneasi-
ness with regard to some members of the Presbyteries of New York and
New_ Brunswick, it was moved that a committee of this Synod be appointed,
conditionally, to meet with a committee expected to be appointed by the
Dutch ^ Synod, now meeting at New York, at a time and place to be fixed by
them, in order to compromise, if possible, all subjects of difference existing
between them, and to determine a line for their future conduct with regard to
each other, and to enter into an amicable correspondence with the Dutch com-
mittee upon subjects of general utility and friendship between the churches.
The Synod upon the motion resolved, that Drs. Rodgers, McWhorter, Spencer,
and Smith, and Messrs. Alexander Miller, J. Woodhull, and Israel Read, be a
committee accordingly, to meet a committee of the Dutch Synod, for the above
mentioned objects, at the time and place the said Synod may please to appoint;
and that Dr. Rodgers be appointed to give timely notice to the above mem-
bers, of the time and place of the meeting of the committees, as appointed by
the Dutch Synod.
Agreed to pay the stated clerk twenty shillings for transcribing the minutes
of this yeai j and to pay the janitor thirty shillings for his attendance on the
present sessions.
Ordered, That Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the above
sums.
Adjourned to meet in the Second Presbyterian Church, in Philadelphia, on
the third Wednesday of May, 1786, at eleven o'clock. Concluded with prayer,
1785.
Philadelphia, May ISiA, 1785.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met according to adjournment,
in the Second Presbyterian Church. U hi post preces sederunt
Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Drs. John Rodgers, and Alex-
ander McWhorter, and Rev. Messrs. Alexander Miller, and Jonathan Elmer.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon,
and Rev. Mr. John Woodhull.
Of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Dr. James Sproat, and
Rev. Messrs. George Duffield, James Boyd, William Mackay Tennent, William
Schenck, George Faitout, and Nathaniel Irwin.
Of the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Dr. John Ewing, and
Rev. Mr. Robert McMordie.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, John
McCreary, John Carmichael, Thomas Read, James Anderson, Daniel Jones,
and William Smith.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper, James
Martin, John Linn, Isaac Keith, and James Johnston.
Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson, John
Miller, and William Linn.
Elders : Messrs. Jacob WikoflF, William Falconer, John Pinkerton, Joseph
Neely, the Hon. John Whitehill, and David McClure.
Absent : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. Hugh Knox, the
Rev. Messrs. Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, John MoflFatt, Abner Brush,
Benjamin Woodruff, Aaron Richards, Nathan Kerr, Azel Roe, Jedidiah Chap-
man, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William Woodhull, Matthias Burnet, John Joline,
Andrew King, and John Close.
64
506 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1785.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Ptcv. Messrs. John Guild, Samuel
Kennedy, Israel Head, Thomas Smith, John Ilanna, Philip Stockton, Joseph
Rue, Peter Wilson, John Warford, James Armstrong, and the Rev. Dr.
Samuel Stanhope Smith.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Francis Peppard,
James Grier, James Watt, Daniel McCalla, Israel Evans, Andrew Hunter, and
Samuel Blair.
Of the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Elder, and
John Simonton, and Rev. Dr. Patrick Alison.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. William McKennan, James
Latta, Alexander Mitchell, Thomas Smyth, Nathaniel Sample, John Evans
Finley, and George Luckey.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, John Hoge,
James Hunt, James Lang, John King, John Craighead, Hugh McGill, Amos
Thompson, Hugh Vance, Thomas McFerrin, John Black, Colin McFarqu-
har, John Slemmons, Samuel Dougal, John McKnight, Joseph Henderson,
Samuel Waugh, Stephen Balch, David Beard, and the Rev. Dr. Robert Da-
vidson.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Jacob Kerr, John Rankin,
Samuel McMasters, and Alexander Huston.
Of Hanover, Orange, Dutchess, Suffolk, Redstone, and the South Carolina
Presbyteries, the whole of their members.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Elmer, the moderator of last year's meeting,
by a sermon on Daniel xii. 3.
The Rev. Mr. Matthew Wilson was chosen moderator, and Mr. Duffield and
Mr. Tennent clerks.
The Rev. Messrs. John Woodhull, George Faitout, AVilliam Mackay Ten-
nent, Thomas Read, William Smith, and James Martin, gave reasons for ab-
Bence from last Synod, which were sustained.
The present moderator's reasons for absence from several past meetings of
Synod, were sustained.
Ordered, That the clerks prepare against to-morrow morning, a draught of
a letter to the Presbyteries of Hanover, Orange, Dutchess, and Suffolk, re-
specting their neglect of attending Synod, and urging their attendance in
future.
The Rev. Dr. McWhorter, the Rev. Messrs. Woodhull, Boyd, McMordie,
Thomas Read, Keith, and William Linn, with Messrs. Faulkner, and White-
hill, elders, were appointed a committee of overtures to meet here to-morrow
morning at six o'clock, and afterwards by adjournment.
Mr. Elmer and Mr. Tennent, were appointed a committee to examine the
New Brunswick Presbytery book. Mr. John Miller and Mr. Woodhull, to
examine the Second Philadelphia Presbytery book. Dr. Ewing and Mr. Wil-
liam Smith, to examine the Donegal Presbytery book. The books of the other
Presbyteries have not been brought in.
Mr. Mitchcl is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner were sus-
tained.
The Synod observing with great regret, that the recommendation of the
year before last, and renewed last year, respecting a collection to provide a
supply of Bibles for the poor, especially those on the frontiers, has, by some
means, been greatly neglected, do again renew the said recommendation, and
earnestly request the respective Presbyteries that have not attended thereto, to
pay a special attention to this matter, and to send the money that may be col-
lected to the committee formerly appointed, and to make report at our next
meeting.
1785.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 507
Mr. Mitchel was appointed a member of the committee to examine Donegal
Presbytery book.
Tlie Presbytery of New York reported, that they have, since our last, dis-
missed the Rev. Mr. Joseph Treat, in order to his joining the Presbytery of
New Brunswick; and that they have taken under their care Messrs. John
■ Burton, James Wilson, and John McDonald, candidates for the ministry from
Scotland ; Mr. \Yilsou's and Mr. McDonald's credentials were, according to the
order of Synod respecting ministers and probationers from foreign parts, laid
before the Synod and approved.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick reported, that the Rev. Dr. Spencer was
removed by death the '27th of last December; and that they have, since our
last, ordained to the Work of the ministry, Messrs. Joseph Roe and Joseph
Clark, sine titulo, agreeably to the liberty obtained last Synod ; and have also
ordained Mr. William Boyd to a charge, and Mr. Peter Wilson, sine titulo, in
order to go on a mission, of whom Messrs. Clark and Boyd being present, took
their seats as members.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Thursday, l^tli day, nine o cloclc, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Slemmons, McFarquhar, Armstrong, Warford, Dr. Alison and Dr-
Smith are now come, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained ; as also
Mr. Slemmons' s and Mr. McFarquhar' s reasons for not attending last year, and
Mr. Warford's and Mr. Armstrong's for non-attendance for some years past.
Mr. Daniel Thatcher, of Orange Presbytery, is now come, his reasons for not
attending for some years past, nor sooner at this meeting, were sustained.
The First Presbytery of Philadelphia reported, that Mr. Robert Keith has
been removed by death since our last; and that they have dismissed Mr.
Mitchel in order to his joining the Presbytery of New Castle.
The Second Presbytery of Philadelphia reported, that they have, since our
last, dismissed Dr. Davidson, to take a charge in the bounds of Donegal Pres-
bytery.
The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that they have, since our last, dis-
missed Mr. James Finley, to join the Presbytery of Redstone; and have
ordained Mr George Luckey to the work of the ministry, as pastor at Bethel;
and have received Mr. Mitchel from the first Presbytery of Philadelphia ; and
have employed in their bounds the Rev. Mr. James Munro, an ordained minister
from Scotland ; and have taken under their care, Mr. Samuel Barr, a licensed
candidate from the Presbytery of Derry, in Ireland ; and that in consequence
of Mr. Joseph Montgomery's having informed them, that through bodily indis-
position he was incapable of officiating in the ministry, and having also accepted
an office under the civil authority, they have left his name out of their records.
Mr. Munro's credentials, agreeably to a former order respecting foreign minis-
ters and probationers, were laid before the Synod and approved, in consequence
whereof, Mr. Munro being present, took his seat in Synod as a member of that
Presbytery. Mr. Barr's testimonials were also produced and approved.
The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they have, since our last, ordained
Mr. James Johnson to the work of the ministry, as pastor at Kisahcoquillas ;
and dismissed Mr. William Linn to join the Lewistown Presbytery; and have
received Dr. Robert Davidson from the second Presbytery of Philadelphia ; and
licensed Mr. Samuel Wilson to preach the gospel; and have also employed in
their bounds the Rev. Mr. Matthew Stevens, an ordained minister from the
Presbytery of Letterkenny, in Ireland ; and that Mr. Woods, one of their
members, was removed by death oa the thirteenth of last September ; Mr.
508 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1785.
Stevens's testimonials were produced and approved, and he being present, took
his seat ia Synod as a member of that Presbytery.
The Presbytery of Lewcstown reported, that Mr. Alexander Huston, one of
their members, departed this life on the third of last January • and that they have,
since our last, received Mr. William Linn from the Presbytery of Donegal.
A difficulty having arisen respecting Mr. Montgomery's name being left out
of the records of New Castle Presbytery, for the reasons assigned in their
report, Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. McWhorter, and Dr. Alison, were appointed a
committee to consider that part of their report, and to prepare against to-
morrow morning, a draught of a plan to direct the conduct of Presbyteries iu
such cases.
A recommendation of last Synod, respecting members of Presbyteries be-
coming contributors to the widows' fund, having been omitted in tl-auseribing
the minutes into the Synod book, was ordered now to be entered, and is as fol-
lows, viz :
" The corporation of the widows' fund represented to the .Synod, that the
benevolent purposes of their institution were likely to be frustrated through the
delinquency of some ministers who have been formerly contributors, aud have
not been punctual in paying their annual rates ; aud by reason also of the young
members of Synod, through the distracted state of public affairs, not having
become contributors."
The Synod, after seriously considering said representation, agree to recom-
mend it to all their members, that those who have not become contributors,
should, as soon as possible, become such, aud embrace the privileges offered
them by the said corporation ; and likewise, that those who are, or may be
contributors, should be careful and punctual iu their annual payments. It is,
moreover, enjoined by the Synod on all their Presbyteries, that they be very
exact in laying before every young minister whom they may settle, all the ad-
vantages of being a contributor to the said fund. And the Synod agree, yearly
to inquire of the Presbyteries, when the reports from the same are given in,
■with respect to their diligence in recommending this matter to their young mem-
bers. And it is likewise recommended to all the congregations, where they
shall settle a minister, to be careful to encourage their minister to become a
contributor to the said fund.
The committee appointed by the Synod last year, to meet with the com-
mittee of the Low Dutch Ileformcd Synod of New York and New Jersey,
report, that they were disappointed of meeting by a mistake, and one of the
members of the committee informing the Synod that some of the brethren of
the Dutch Synod, and one of the members of the Associate Reformed Synod,
had expressed a desire of some measures being taken for promoting a friendly
intercourse between the three Synods, or laying a plan for some kind of union
among them, whereby they might be enabled to unite their interests, aud com-
bine their efforts, for promoting the great cause of truth and vital religion ;
and at the same time giving it as their judgment, that such plan was practi-
cable : The Synod were happy in finding such a disposition in the brethren
of the above Synods, and cheerfully concur with them in thinking that such a
measure is both desirable and practicable, and therefore appoint Drs. Wither-
spoon, Jones, llodgers, McWhorter, Smith, Messrs. Martin, Duffield, Alex-
ander Miller, Israel Head, John Woodhull, aud Nathan Kerr, a committee to
meet with such committees as may be appointed by the Low Dutch Synod now
sitting in New York, and by the Associate Synod, to meet in that city next
week, at such time and place as may be agreed upon, to confer with the brethren
of said Synods on tliis important subject, and to concert such measures with
them for the accomplishment of these great ends as they shall judge expedient,
and report the same to the next meeting of this Synod.
1785.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 509
The above committee are also to do what may be 'necessary on the business
for which the committee first mentioned in this minute were appointed.
Ordered, That Dr. Kodgers give notice to the above committee of the time
and place of their meeting.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
19 ih day J three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Hunter and Mr. Grrier are now come, their reasons for not attending
sooner, sustained.
The clerks brought in, agreeably to the order of yesterday, a draught of a letter
to be sent to the Presbyteries of Hanover, Orange, Suffolk, and Dutchess, which,
after some amendments, was approved, and is as follows, viz :
" It is with great concern the Synod have observed, that for several years
past, very few members have attended from some of our distant Presbyteries ;
and that some others have been entirely unrepresented in our meetings. They
are very sensible that your great distance, and the difficulties of the times, have
rendered an attendance very inconvenient ; but they cannot refrain from ex-
pressing their apprehensions, lest, if such non-attendance continue, the mem-
bers of the body may become entire strangers to each other, and the general
interests of the churches under our care sustain damage, through want of pro-
per information and joint counsel respecting the state of affairs in the various
parts ; and, therefore, most earnestly request, that, as the difficulties which
may for some time past have greatly obstructed are now happily removed, you
will endeavour to have some of your members at each of our meetings, who
may afford information of the state of the churches, and report to you such
measures as may be devised for the general good. The Synod wish also to sug-
gest their fears, lest a habit of neglect should be insensibly introduced, to the
weakening of each other's hands, the discouraging the comparatively few that
attend, and the great injury, if not entirely mouldering away of the body ;
events, which they rest assured, you would by no means wish to take place, and
will, therefore, they persuade themselves, endeavour, as far as in your power, to
prevent. But should it at any time so happen, that it may not be in the power
of any of your members to attend, (which it is hoped will be but very seldom
the case, if due care be taken,) it will give the Synod great pleasure to hear
from you by letter, of the state of your affairs, and the circumstances which
shall have rendered^ it impracticable to attend. You will do us the justice to
believe, that a sincere desire to promote your comfort and ours, and the prospe-
rity of the churches committed to our common care, induces us thus earnestly
to solicit your careful attention to this matter."
Ordered, That a copy of said letter, signed by the moderator in the name of
the Synod, be sent to each of those Presbyteries.
The following question, referred to Synod by the Presbytery of Donegal for
their decision, was brought in by the committee of overtures, viz :
" Whether, on full proof of adultery by one party, the Presbytery has a
right to declare the marriage so for void as that the innocent party may marry
again without being liable to church censure ?"
And after some time spent in debating the case, it was moved and agreed,
that each member should speak to the question in the order of the roll. After
which the vote was put, and the question carried in the affirmative, by a small
majority.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
510 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1785.
20lh dai/, nine o'cIocJc, A. M. Post 2)'>'cces sederunt qui stqyra.
Mr. Samuel Doak, of Hanover Presbytery, is now come, his reasons for not
attending for several years past, nor sooner now, were sustained.
No report has been made from Hanover Presbytery.
Mr. John Burton, who was reported by New York Presbytery to have been
taken under their care, produced his testimonials, which were approved.
The committee appointed yesterday, on a part of the report of New Castle
Presbytery, brought in a draught, which was read and approved, and is as fol-
lows, viz :
" The Synod disapprove of the conduct of the Presbytery of New Castle, in
striking the name of Mr. Montgomery oif their roll for the reasons given in
their report, neither of which, nor both together, seem to be sufficient; and in
future recommend to all Presbyteries, when any ministers under their inspection
resign their charge, or discontinue the exercise of their office while they remain
in the same bounds, to pass a regular judgment on the reasons given for such
conduct ; and continue their inspection of those who shall not have deserved to
be deprived of the ministerial character, though they may be laid aside from
immediate usefulness.
An application was made from the corporation of the widows' fund by a de-
putation from that body, requesting the Synod to urge such of their members as
have become contributors to the said fund, to be punctual in their payments, that
the benevolent designs of the fund may not be prevented ; and to recommend
it to such of their members, and especially those lately ordained, as have not
become contributors and may yet be admitted, to apply as speedily as possible
for that purpose, as the corporation have agreed that if the number of ministers
contributing to the fund do not soon amount to a sufficiency for preserving
the fund, they will be under the disagreeable necessity of admitting as
many laymen as may be necessary to complete that number, at the same time
fixing it as a rule to be invariably observed, to give a preference to ministers
when any offer; reserving always to young ministers the privilege of becoming
contributors.
The Synod agree to recommend, and do hereby recommend to all their mem-
bers who have become contributors to the said fund, to observe the greatest
punctuality in paying their annual rates, that the benevolent designs of the in-
stitution may not be prevented; and to such as have not already become contri-
butors, and have it yet in their power, that they embrace without delay so fa-
vourable an opportunity of providing for their families after their- decease. The
Synod also earnestly recommend to their Presbyteries to represent to young men
that may be under their care, the advantage of becoming contributors, and to
endeavour to engage them thereto.
])r. McWhorter obtained leave of absence for the remaining part of the
sessions.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
20th day, three o clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Doak laid before Synod an application, signed by Messrs. Hezekiah
Balch, Charles Cummings, and Samuel Doak, members of Hanover Presby-
tery, reijucsting that that part of Hanover l>resbytery lying south of New
River, might be erected into a separate Presbytery, by the name of Abingdon
Presbytery ; to be bounded by New River, on the side next to Hanover Pres-
bytery, and by the Apalachian Mountains on the side next to Orange Presby-
tery. A certificate of the concurrence of Hanover Presbytery with the above
request being produced.
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 511
Resolved, That the Synod grant the request ; and they do hereby constitute
those members of Hanover Presbytery who are settled within the above de-
scribed bounds to be a distinct Presbytery, to be known by the name of the
Presbytery of Abingdon, and appoint their first meeting to be held at Salem
church, the first Tuesday of next August, and that Mr. Doak preside as mode-
rator in the said meeting ; and that they make report to the Synod at our next
session.
Mr. Clark had leave to go home.
On motion, ordered, that Dr. Sproat, Mr. Duffield, and Mr. Daniel Jones,
be a committee to revise the records of Synod from its earliest meeting, and
point out such inaccuracies and improprieties as may occur, and select the re-
gulations made by Synod from time to time, that they may be transcribed into
a book to be provided for that purpose, and lay the whole before Synod at their
next meeting.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
21st day, nine o'clock, A. 31. Post jjreces sederunt qui supra.
An application was made from the Presbytery of New Castle for leave to
ordain Mr. Barr, a licensed candidate under their care, in order that he may
travel through the vacancies in the southern states, which was granted.
Mr. John Hiddleson, an ordained minister from the Presbytery of Belfast,
in Ireland, produced his credentials to the Synod, and prayed to be received
into this body as a member of New Castle Presbytery.
Ordered, That Dr. Witherspoon, Messrs. Robert Smith, John Miller, Mc-
Farquhar, Cooper, and WoodhuU, be a committee to examine into the authenti-
city of the said credentials, and to enter into free conversation with the young
gentleman, and to report their opinion upon the whole to the Synod on Monday
morning.
Ordered, That the Synod books of the old Synods of New York and Phila-
delphia, before the union of the said Synods, as well as the Synod book of the
united Synod of New York and Philadelphia, and all other necessary papers,
be deposited in the hands of the stated clerk of the Synod, that it may be easy
to have recourse to them on all occasions.
Mr. William McKee, an ordained minister from the Presbytery of Belfast,
in Ireland, who had been received as a member of the first Presbytery of Phila-
delphia, produced his credentials to the Synod, agreeably to order, which being
examined and approved, Mr. McKee took his seat in Synod as a member of said
Presbytery.
An overture was brought in, in the following terms, viz :
" Whether in the present state of the church in America, and the scarcity
of ministers to fill our numerous congregations, the Synod, or Presbyteries,
ought therefore to relax, in any degree, in the literary qualifications required
of intrants into the ministry?" And it was carried in the negative by a great
majority.
An appeal was brought in by Mr. Francis Hindman, from a judgment of the
Presbytery of Donegal, expressed in the following words, viz :
"Mr. Hindman having appealed from a judgment of the session of Han-
over, because he was not regularly cited ; because the session did not take be-
fore them the merits of the cause ; because he considered them as his accusers ;
and because he was refused the privilege of introducing witnesses in his de-
fence. The minutes of the session were read, and Mr. Hindman heard in sup-
port of his appeal, and, upon a full view of the whole, the Presbytery are of
opinion, that the reasons of the appeal are entirely unsupported ; that the pro-
ceedings of the session were regular, and their judgment well founded ; and
612 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1785.
therefore judge, that the said Francis Hindman, before he be admitted to the
distinguishing privileges of the church, shall publicly acknowledge his fault in
treating the Hev. Mr. Woods, a member of Presbytery, and Mrs. Woods, his
wife, in an injurious, abusive, and insulting manner ; profess his repentance
for it, and be rebuked and admonished for the same in the presence of the con-
gregation of Hanover on a Sabbath day after sermon. — Extract of the minutes
of the Presbytery of Donegal.
Joseph Henderson, Presbytery clerk.
Mr. Hindman was called upon to produce to Synod the reasons of his appeal ;
after a long and full hearing of which, the hearing of the Presbytery in justifi-
cation of their decision, was deferred till Monday morning.
Adjourned till Monday morning ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
23f? day.) Monday, ten o'chcJi, A. M. Post prcces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to examine Mr. Hiddleson's credentials, and to
converse with him, brought in their report in the following terms, viz. " Your
committee report it as their opinion, that Mr. Hiddleson ought not, at present,
to be annexed as a member, to any Presbytery belonging to your body ; but
that, if he choose, he may be committed to the care of some Presbytery, who
may proceed with him as they may judge best, and make report to the Synod
at their next meeting :" which was approved.
The affair of Mr. Hindman's appeal was resumed; and after the minutes
of the session of Hanover were read, together with the judgment of the Pres-
bytery on the aifair, and the Presbytery were heard in their defence, as also
Mr. Hindman's reply, the Synod proceeded to consider the matter, and after
some time spent in debating on the case, the question was put to affirm or re-
verse the judgment of the Presbytery, and was carried to affirm it, by a very
great majority.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
23c7 day, /our o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A motion was made and seconded, that no person be admitted on trials as
a candidate for the ministry, until he shall have employed two years at least in
the study of Divinity, after his having passed the usual course of a liberal edu-
cation; and after some time spent on the subject, the further consideration of
it was deferred till our next meeting.
On motion, Ordered, That it be enjoined, and it is hereby enjoined, on every
Presbytery to subject every candidate on trials for the ministry, to an accurate
examination on the discipline of the Presbyterian Church.
On motion. Ordered, That Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Mr. Robert
Smith, Dr. Alison, Dr. Smith, Messrs. Woodhull, Cooper, Latta, and Duffield,
with the moderator, Mr. Wilson, be a committee to take into consideration the
constitution of the church of Scotland, and other Protestant churches, and
agreeably to the general principles of I'resbyterian government, compile a sys-
tem of general rules for the government of the Synod, and the several Presby-
teries under their inspection, and the people in their communion, and to make
report of their proceeding herein at^the next meeting of Synod.
It was moved and seconded, that the Synodical clerk be required to trans-
mit annually to each Presbytery belonging to the Synod, an attested copy of
all general regulations of Synod, as well as of those that more immediately
regard any Presbytery in particular, and that each Presbytery be required to
enjoin on their clerk to furnish each member of the Presbytery with an au-
thentic copy of the same, that by a general intelligence of the acts of the su-
1785.] XEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 513
preme judicature being, thus communicated to all, the wliole body may be
brought to operate with concert and vigour, and that none may have ignorance
as a plea for the neglect of duty. The consideration of this was deferred till
our next meeting.
An overture was brought in, that for the better management of the churches
under our care, this Synod be divided into three Synods, and that a General
'Synod, or Assembly, be constituted out of the whole. The Synod agree to
enter on the consideration of this overture, on the first Friday after their next
meeting, and appoint Dr. Smith to transmit a copy of this overture to such of
the Presbyteries as are not at present represented in Synod, and earnestly urge
their attendance at our next meeting.
The Synod considering the education of youth, and their being early in-
structed in just principles of religion, as one of the most useful means of pro-
moting the influence of the gospel in our churches, Kesolved, that it be en-
joined on every Presbytery, in appointing supplies to their vacant congregations,
to take order that every vacant congregation within their limits be carefully
catechized at least once in the year, in the same manner as is required by the
order of our church, in congregations supplied with regular pastors, and that
the ministers appointed to this duty be required at the nest meeting of the
Presbytery, to render an account of their fidelity in this respect, and that the
Presbyteries be required to render an account of their attention to this order at
the next meeting of Synod.
Resolved, also, that it be enjoined on all congregations to pay a special regard
to the good education of children, as being intimately connected with the in-
terests of morality and religion ; and that, as schools under bad masters, and a
careless management, are seminaries of vice rather than of virtue, the session, cor-
poration, or committee of every congregation, be required to endeavour to
establish one or more schools in such place, or places, as shall be most conve-
nient for the people ; that they be particularly careful to procure able and vir-
tuous teachers ; that they make the erection and care of schools a part of their
congregational business, and endeavour to induce the people to support them by
contribution, being not only the most efiectual, but, eventually, the cheapest
way of supporting them ; that the Presbyteries appoint particular members,
or if possible committees, to go into vacant congregations to promote similar
institutions; that the corporation, session, or committee of the congregation,
visit the school, or schools, at least once in three months, to inquire into the
conduct of the master, and the improvement of the children, and to observe
particularly his care to instruct them, at least one day in the week, in the prin-
ciples of religion; that the Presbyteries, in appointing ministers to supply
vacant congregations, require it as an indispensable part of their duty, to visit
at the same time the schools, and require at the next meeting of the Presby-
tery, an account of their fidelity in this respect, and of the state of the schools ;
and that, in these schools effectual provision be made for the education of the
children of the poor; and that, at the visitations of the schools, one or two of
the most ingenious and virtuous of the poor children be annually selected, in
order to give them a more perfect education, and thereby qualify these inge-
nious charity scholars, to become afterwards useful instructors in our congrega-
tional schools.
A motion was made in the following terms, viz. " Whereas the nearest uni-
formity that is practicable in the external modes of Divine worship is to be
desired, and the using different books of psalmody is matter of offence, not only
to Presbyterians of different denominations, but also to many congregations un-
der our care ; it is cperied, if the Synod might not choose out, and order some
of their number to take the assistance of all the versions in our power, and
compose for us a version more suitable to our circumstances and taste than any
G5
514 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17S6.
we yet have ; wliich, having been read, and seconded, after some conversation
thereon, the question was put, whether to appoint a committee, or defer, and
was carried by a small majority to appoint. Whereupon Dr. Alison, Dr. David-
son, Dr. Ewing, Mr. Blair, and Mr. Jones, were appointed a committee for
that purpose, who are to make report of their diligence herein at our next
meeting.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Ath day, {Tuesday^ nine o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Boyd, Schenck, Mitchell, Irwin, Grier, Jones, Monroe,
Slemmons, and William Lynn, who have left the Synod without leave.)
New Brunswick Presbytery book was examined as far as to page 227, and
approved, except a few inaccuracies of expression, and their appointing an exe-
gesis in English.
The Second Philadelphia Presbytery book was examined as far as page 164,
and approved, except some inaccuracies, and omitting on their records their in-
quiry into the religious character of a young man taken on trials for the work
of the ministry.
Donegal Presbytery book was examined as far as page 325, and approved,
except a few inaccuracies.
Dr. Sproat requested that he might be allowed to resign his office as stated
clerk of the Synod, which was granted, and Mr. Duffield was appointed in his
stead to take charge of the records of Synod, as their stated clerk.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of next May, to meet in the First Pres-
byterian Church in this city, at eleven of the clock, ante meridiem.
Concluded with prayer.
17S6.
Philadelphia, May 17th, 178G, 11 o'clock, A. 31
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met according to adjournment,
in the First Presbytery Church. Ubi post preces sederunt
Present : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. John Eodgers,
the llev. Messrs. Alexander INliller and William Lynn.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The llev. Messrs. John Woodhull,
Joseph Hue, James Armstrong and Jospeh Clark.
Of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Drs. James Sproat and
George Duffield, Rev. Messrs. Francis Peppard, Samuel Blair, James Boyd,
James Grier, William Mackey Tcunent, George Faitout, Andrew Hunter, and
W^illiam McKee.
Of the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Drs. John Ewing and
Patrick Alison, and Rev. Messrs. John Simonton and Robert McMordie.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. IMessrs. Robert Smith, James
Latta, Nathaniel Welshard Semple, William Smith, and John Edwards
Finley.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. IMessrs. John Hoge, James ]Mar-
tin, John Lynn, Samuel Waugh, and James Johnston.
Of the Presbytery of Lewestown : The Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson and
John jMillcr.
Of the I'rcsbytery of Hanover : The Rev. Messrs. William Graham, John
Blair Smith, Moses Iloge, and Samuel Carrick.
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 515
Of the Presbytery of Abingdon : The Rev. Mr. Samuel Houston.
With the foUowing ciders : Messrs. William Irwin, Kennet Hankerson, Isaac
Suowden, Jacob Mulford, John Burling, Robert Taggart, John Whitehill,
James Biggams, and James Mercer.
Absent : The whole of the Presbyteries of Dutchess and Suffolk.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. Timothy Jones, Hugh Knox, and
Alexander McWhorter, and Rev. Messrs. Jonathan Elmer, Nathan Kerr, Azel
Roe, Benjamin Woodruff, Aaron Richards, Jedidiah Chapman, William Wood-
hull, John Moffatt, John Close, Abner Brush, Jiicob Vanarsdalen, Andrew King,
John Joline, and John McDonald.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon and
Samuel Stanhope Smith, and Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Samuel Kennedy, Israel
Read, John Hannah, Thomas Smith, John Warford, Philip Stockton, Peter
Wilson, and William Boyd.
Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt, William
Schenck, Nathaniel Irwin, Daniel McCalla, and Israel Evans.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. John Elder.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. William McKennan, John
McCreary, James Anderson, Thomas Smith, Thomas Read, Alexander Mitchel,
Daniel Jones, George Luckey, and James Monroe.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Robert Davidson, and Rev. Messrs.
Samuel Thomson, Colin McFarquhar, John Slemmons, Amos Thompson,
James Lang, James Hunt, John King, Robert Cooper, John Craighead, Hugh
McGill, Hugh Vance, Thomas McFerren, Samuel Dougal, John Black, John
McKnight, David Beard, Joseph Henderson, Stephen Balch, and Matthew
Stephens.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Jacob Kerr, John Rankin, and
Samuel McMasters.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd,
John Brown, James Waddel, William Irwin, Archibald Scott, Edward Craw-
ford, James McConnell, John Montgomery, William Wilson, Benjamin Irwin,
John McCue, Samuel Shannon, Andrew McClure, and James Mitchel.
Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. Messrs. Henry Patillo, David Cald-
well, Samuel McCorkle, Robert Archibald, Thomas Craighead, John Casson,
James McKee, David Barr, and Jacob Lake.
Of Redstone Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Clark, James Power,
James Finley, Joseph Smith, John McMillan, Thaddeus Dodd, and James
Dunlap.
Of Abingdon Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. David Roe, Charles Cummings,
Hezekiah Balch, Samuel Doak, and Adam Rankin.
And the whole of the South Carolina Presbytery.
The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. Matthew Wilson, the last year's
moderator, by a sermon on 1 Corinthians i. 17.
Mr. Alexander Miller was chosen moderator, and Messrs. William Tennent
and William Lynn, clerks.
Mr. Roe was excused for not attending our last meeting.
Messrs. Francis Peppard, John Simonton, James Latta, John E. Finley,
Moses Hoge, Samuel Waugh, William Graham, John B. Smith, and Samuel
Carrick, gave reasons for their absence from last Synod, which were sus-
tained.
Rev. Messrs. William Lynn, Clark, Blair, Simonton, Latta, Hoge, Wilson,
Graham, Houston, with Messrs. Isaac Snowden, Robert Taggart, and John
Whitehill, elders, were appointed a committee of overtures to meet here to-mor-
row morning, at six o'clock, and afterwards by adjournment.
The Presbytery of New York reported, that they had, since our last meet-
516 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1786.
inf, licensed 3Ir. Joseph Lindly to preach the gospel, and ordained Mr. James
Wilson to the work of the gospel ministry as co-pastor with Dr. llodgers in
New York, and Mr. McDonald to the work of the ministry in the city of
Albany ; that they had received Mr. William Lynn as a member with them
on a dismission and testimonial from the Presbytery of Lewcstown ; that they
had received Mr. James Glassbrook, lately from England, as a member of
their Presbytery on proper testimonials ; that they had dismissed Mr. Matthias
Burnet from their body to join the association of the western district of Fair-
field county, in the state of Connecticut ; and that they had received Mr. James
Wilson, an ordained minister from Scotland, on testimonials produced by
him from the Presbytery of Irvine ; Mr. Glassbrook's and Mr. Wilson's testi-
monials were laid before Synod and approved, and they being present took their
seats.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick reported, that they had, since our last,
licensed Messrs. Ashbel Green, Ira Condict, and Asa Dunham, to preach the
gospel ; and have received as a member of their body, the Rev. James Muir,
of the Island of Bermudas.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia reported, that they had, since our last,
licensed Mr. James Snodgrass and Mr. Nathan Grier, and had received the
Rev. Mr. John Johnston from the Presbytery of Belfast, in Ireland ; and that
they had received the Ilev. Mr. William Pickles, who had been ordained to the
work of the ministry by a number of dissenting ministers in England.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
TJmrsdai/, ISth dai/, at nine o'cIocJc, A. M. the Synod met. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. McCreary, Keith, James Finley, and James Halt, being now come,
gave their reasons for not attending sooner, which were sustained.
The testimonials of the Ilev. Mr. John Johnston, and of the Ilev. Mr. Wil-
liam Pickles, were laid before Synod and approved, they being present took
their seats as members of this body.
The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that they had, since our last, or-
dained to the work of the ministry, Mr. John Burton 5 that Mr. John Carmi-
chael had been removed by death upon the 15th of November last; that they
discontinued Mr. Joseph Montgomery in their roll ; and had dismissed Mr.
James Armstrong to join the Presbytery of New Brunswick ; that they had in
consequence of permission obtained last year, ordained Mr. Barr, sine (ifu/o, and
no longer considered Mr. Andrew Wilson as being under their care. Mr. Bur-
ton and Mr. Barr being present took their seats.
The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they had, since our last, admitted
Mr. Hugh Morrison, a licensed candidate, from the IVesbytery of Root, in Ire-
land, to preach in their bounds, but his testimonials are not here to lay before
Synod; and had installed INlr. Matthew Stephens as pastor of the united con-
gregation of Derry and Wayne, on Juniata.
The Presbytery of Hanover reported, that the Rev. Mr. James McConncl is
a member of their Presbytery, though omitted in a report made by the Rov.
Samuel I. Smith, in 1780; that they had ordained Messrs. Moses Ilogc, John
McCue, Samuel Houston, Samuel Carrick, Adam Rankin, Andrew McClure,
James Mitchell, Samuel Shannon, and John D. Blair, to the work of the gospel
ministry, to particular charges, since May, 1782 ; and that they have licensed
Ut. William Mahan to preach the gospel. Mr. Hoge, Mr. Carrick, Mr. Hous-
ton, and Mr. Blair, being present, took their scats.
The I'rcsbytery of Suffolk reported, by a letter, that since they were last
represented in Synod, the Rev. Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, of Huntingdon, Syl-
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 517
vanus White, of Southampton, and Benjamin Talmage, of Brook Haven, had
departed this life ; that they had ordained Mr. Joshua Williams to the charge
of the Church of Christ at Southampton, and Mr. Nathan Woodhull to the
pastoral charge of the Church of Huntingdon.
Mr. Woodhull and Mr. Armstrong were appointed to examine the first Phila-
delphia Presbytery book, aud Mr. John Lynn and Mr. Waugh to examine the
Lewestowu Presbytery book.
The testimonials of the Ptev. Mr. James Thompson, late of the Presbytery
of Dundee, in Scotland, were laid before Synod, and approved, whereupon he
■was admitted to join himself to any Presbytery belonging to this body as he
may see meet, and, being invited, sat as a correspondent.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
18^7i daij, three o'cloch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod finding that Mr. Treat had not joined the Presbytery of New
Brunswick, agreeably to the design of his dismission from the Presbytery of
New York, ordered, that the Presbytery of New Brunswick call upon Mr. Treat
to give the reasons of his conduct, and take order accordingly.
The committee ordered at our last to revise the records of Synod, &c. reported,
that they had not performed that business, the Synod therefoz'e agreed that the
order be renewed, except that instead of pointing out inaccuracies and impro-
prieties, which was enjoined in the former order, an index be made of all the
principal transactions contained in the records.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Friday, V^tli day, nine o^doclc, A. M. Post ptreces sederunt qui siqjra.
Mr. Thomas Bead, Dr. Smith, Mr. McKennan, Mr. Nathan Kerr, Mr. War-
ford, Dr. Witherspoon, and Mr. William Boyd, being now come, gave reasons
for not attending sooner, which were satisfactory.
Mr. John Piukerton, Dr. Duffield's elder, is now come.
Agreeably to the order of the day, as stated in the minutes of the last year,
the Synod proceeded to consider whether '*" this Synod shall be divided into
three Synods, and that a General Synod, or Assembly, be constituted out of the
whole."
On motion, Resolved, That instead of the words " into three Synods," the
words " into three or more Synods," be adopted.
Mr. Anderson being now come, gave reasons for not attending sooner, which
were sustained.
The following motion was made and seconded, viz : the Synod considering the
number and extent of the churches under their care, and the inconvenience of
the present mode of government by one Synod, resolved, that this Synod will
establish, out of its own body, three or more subordinate Synods, out of which
shall be composed a General Assembly, Synod, or Council, agreeably to a system
hereafter to be adopted.
Upon the question being put, Will the Synod adopt the resolution aforesaid,
or not ? it was carried in the affirmative.
Mr. Pickles obtained leave of absence.
The following gentlemen were appointed to prepare and report a plan for the
division of Synod into three or more Synods, viz : Dr. llodgers. Dr. Smith, Dr.
Duffield, Dr. Alison, Mr. Latta, Mr. Martin, Mr. Matthew Wilson, Mr. Graham,
Mr. Houston, ]\Ir. James Finley, and Mr. Hall.
Adjourned till three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
518 MIXUTES OF TIIE SYNOD OF [1786.
19<7i day^ three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed by the Synod last year, to meet with the committees
of the Low Dutch Kcformed Synod of New York and New Jersey, and of the
Associate Reformed Synod, made report of their proceedings, which is as fol-
lows, viz : I T T^ 1
<' Proceedings of the committees appointed by the Synod of the Low Dutch
Reformed Church of New York and New Jersey, of the Presbyterian Synod of
New York and Philadelphia, and of the Associate Reformed Synod, met at New
York the 5th day of October, 1785.
" The meeting was opened with prayer by the Rev. David Telfair.
" The members present : Of the committee appointed by the Dutch Reformed
Synod : Dr. John IL Livingston, the Rev. Messrs. J. K. Ilardenbergh, — Ro-
meyn, Solomon Freligh, and Dr. Westerlo. Elders : Messrs. Philip Nagle,
Henry Kennedy, and William Schermerhorn.
" Of the committee appointed by the Synod of New York and Philadelphia :
Drs. John Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, Samuel Smith, the Rev. Messrs.
Nathan Kerr, and John Woodhull.
" Of the committee of the Associate Reformed Synod : the Rev. Messrs. John
Smith, David Telfair, John Mason, and Robert Annan.
« The Rev. David Telfair was chosen moderator, and Dr. Samuel Smith, and
Mr. Solomon Freligh, were chosen clerks.
" A motion was made by Dr. Rodgers, and seconded by Mr. Hardenbergh,
that the respective committees produce their commissions, which being produced
and approved, were ordered to lie on the table.
" The respective committees communicated to each other in writing, or ver-
bally, an explicit detail of the standards, both in regard of the doctrine and
discipline observed in the respective churches they represent.
" On motion, a committee of two from each committee, was appointed to
meet this evening, to converse on, and digest the several subjects to be laid
before the Convention. The gentlemen appointed were Messrs. John K. Har-
denbergh, Dr. Westerlo, Dr. McWhorter. Dr. Samuel Smith, Robert Annan,
and John Smith.
" The Convention adjourned till to-morrow at five o'clock, P. M.
" Thursday, five o'clock, P. J/!
" The Convention met, according to adjournment, and was opened with
prayer.
" The Rev. Dr. Witherspoon appeared and took his seat.
" The committee of six made report of what had been digested and deter-
mined by them, in conformity with the spirit and intention of their commission,
being as follows, viz :
''The inquiries proposed by the committee of the Dutch Church were read.
''The first contained a request to know what the formulas of doctrine and
worship are, to which each of the Synods respectively adhere, and the mode
in which they testify that adherence, and prevent or punish any departure
from them. The answer, on the part of the Reformed Dutch Synod, was
contained in the representation given in by their committee in writing, to the
convention.
" On the part of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, it is contained in
the representation given in by their committee, articles first and fifth, viz :
"Article 1st: The Synod of New York and Philadelphia adopt, according
to the known and established meaning of the terms, the Westminster Confes-
sion of Faith as the confession of their faith, save that every candidate for the
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 519
gospel ministry is permitted to except against so much of the twenty-third
chapter as gives authority to the civil magistrates in matters of religion. The
Presbyterian Church in America considers the Church of Christ as a spiritual
society, entirely distinct from the civil government, having a right to regulate
their own ecclesiastical policy, independently of the interposition of the
magistrate.
"The Synod also receives the directory for public worship and the form of
church government recommended by the Westminster Assembly as in substance
agreeable to the institutions of the New Testament. This mode of adoption we
use, because we believe the general platform of our government to be acreeabie
to the sacred Scriptures ; but we do not believe that Grod has been pleased so to
reveal and enjoin every minute circumstance of ecclesiastic government and dis-
cipline as not to leave room for orthodox churches of Christ, in these minutise,
to diifer with charity from one another.
''Article 5th: The rules of our discipline and the form of process in our
church judicatures, are contained in Pardovan's (alias Stewart's) collections in
conjunction with the acts of our own Syuod, the power of which, in matters
purely ecclesiastical, we consider as equal to the power of any Synod or General
Assembly in the world. Our church judicatures, like those in the church of
Scotland, from which we derive our origin, are Church Sessions, Presbyteries
and Synods, to which it is now in contemplation to add a National and General
Assembly.
" On the part of the Associate Keformed Synod, the answer was given in a verbal
representation, by the Rev. IMr. ^lason, and is, in substance, very analogous to
that made by the Synod of New York and Philadelphia.
" Resolved, That the formulas and standards adopted by the respective repre-
sentations, are mutually satisfactory, and lay a sufficient basis for the fraternal
correspondence and concord of the several Synods.
" To the second inquiry, whether the corresponding Synods, in order to lay
the foundation of entire confidence in each other, were willing to give solemn
and mutual assurances of their vigilance and fidelity in requiring of their eccle-
siastical officers an explicit and unequivocal assent to their present formulas or
standards of discipline and faith ; and will take such measures as to them re-
spectively shall seem most reasonable and effectual to secure the same fidelity
and orthodoxy in all time to come ; the answer was unanimously given in the
affirmative.
" Resolved, That the nature of these assurances be left to be determined by
the convention.
" The third inquiry was, whether the Synods will agree mutually to watch
over each other's purity in doctrine and discipline, and whether they will agree
mutually to receive complaints that may be made by either of the others
against particular members of their respective bodies, who may be supposed to
be departing from the faith, or from the exactness of their church discipline.
Agreed in the affirmative, but that the mode shall be referred to the general
convention.
" The fourth inquiry was, whether the Synods would mutually promise to in-
troduce and maintain in their church the most exact discipline, according to
their several standards, that the circumstances of the country and the spirit of
the people will bear.
''Resolved, That this is an article of the utmost importance; and resolved,
moreover, that it be recommended to the convention to consider of, and adopt,
proper means for aiding the exercise of discipline by discouraging fugitives
from it out of any of the churches ; and especially by not receiving any persons
to church membership without sufficient credentials of their good moral character
520 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786
and orderly behaviour frota the church to which they now immediately belong,
or have lately belonged.
" The fifth inquiry relates to grievances or causes of complaint that may have
arisen between the luiuisters or congregations of the respective Synods.
" Resolved, That they ought to be candidly heard, and the most speedy and
effectual measures taken as far as possible to redress them.
" The sixth and last inquiry or proposition respects some mode of establish-
ing a visible intercourse and permanent correspondence between the several
Synods.
" Resolved, That this subject be referred to the consideration of the conven-
tion : but that it be recommended to the convention to endeavour to establish
an annual convention of the three Synods, by their delegates, which may con-
sist of at least three ministers and three elders from each, and that the general
objects of this annual convention be, to strengthen each other's hands in the
great work of the gospel ministry; to give, and to receive, mutual information
of the state of religion within their respective churches ; to consider of, and
adopt, the most prudent means to prevent or remedy any causes of dissension
that may happen to arise between our respective congregations, agreeably to the
instructions that may be given by the respective Synods ; and to concert
measures for uniting our efforts to defend and promote the principles of the
gospel, and oppose the progress of infidelity and error ; and to adopt plans for
effectually assisting the exercise of discipline in our churches, and encouraging
each other in its execution ; and for such other purposes as the convention may
think proper.
" Resolved, To recommend that the first meeting of the above convention
shall be held on the second Tuesday of October, 1786, at New York, and
afterwards at such time and place as shall be appointed at the preceding con-
vention.
" AVhich report being read and ordered to a second reading, was thereupon or-
dered to be read by paragraphs. Whereupon resolved, that the report of the
committee be approved and adopted.
" With relation, however, to those matters referred by said committee to this
convention, as being by them left undetermined,
" Resolved 1st. On the second inquiry, that the manner in which the Synods
shall give a solemn pledge to each other of the formula of their faith which
they have here openly professed, and of their strict attachment to the same,
shall be by an act of each Synod, wherein an accurate recital of such formula
shall be made, with a positive declaration, that it is their sincere determination
before Grod always to abide by the same, for which purpose they honestly pledge
themselves to the two other Synods ; which declaration and promise shall be
signed by the president or moderator of the Synod, and at the first convention
to be formed by delegates from the respective Synods, be read and entered upon
the records of the convention, and copies of all the declarations be transmitted
to each Synod, and entered upon their respective records; which records shall
remain a perpetual witness against either party who shall ever deviate there-
from. And also, that each Synod shall communicate by their respective dele-
gates the form of testimonials or credentials given to their candidates, and of
those to ordain ministers, which copies shall also be entered on the records of
the respective Synods.
" 2d. On the third inquiry, that we will mutually watch over each other's
purity in doctrine and discipline, and be ready to receive complaints against
any of our ministers upon these subjects, and that the mode in which such
complaint shall be preferred and prosecuted, shall be either by individuals,
who may prosecute in their own name, ni7H jycrictih; or by a classis. Presby-
tery, or Synod of a sister church, in which case it shall be taken up as a Jama
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 521
cJamosa, and prosecuted by the classis, Presbytery, or Synod, to which the
oflFender or offenders may belong ; and the whole proceedings on the subject
shall be transmitted, properly authenticated by the moderator, the prjeses, the
scribe, or the clerk, to the informing body for their satisfoction.
"3d. On the fourth inquiry, resolved, that in order to aid the exercise of,
- discipline, and discourage fugitives from it, every Classis, Presbytery, or Synod,
shall officially communicate to its neighbouring Presbytery, Classis, or Synod,
the name or names of every minister or candidate subject to censure, either of
a lesser or higher nature, after which such Presbytery, Classis, or Synod, shall
be held to view, and treat such ministers or candidates as lying under ecclesias-
tical censure, to all intents and purposes as if they belonged to their own body,
until such person or persons shall be regularly acquitted or restored by the
judicatory who had inflicted such censure.
" 4th. With reference to the fifth, relating to such grievances as may here-
after arise in congregations under the jurisdiction of the different corresponding
Synods, it is determined that such differences shall be referred to the considera-
tion of a future convention. But as it is possible that some contingencies may
arise, which will render a call of the convention before the stated time of meeting
necessary, so it is resolved, that a power be lodged in the moderator of the con-
vention, with the consent of one member of the convention at least from each
Synod, by circular letters to call an extraordinary convention, provided such a
call be not more than once in one year.
''5th. The convention thought proper to amend the resolution of their com-
mittee, by agreeing to a biennial instead of an annual convention.
" On motion to ascertain and limit the powers of the convention in all times
to come, resolved, that those powers shall be merely of counsel and advice, and
that it shall on no account possess judiciary or executive authority, and every
subject that shall come regularly before the convention, shall, after being pro-
perly digested, be referred to the respective Synods, together with the opinion
of the convention, and the reasons on which it is founded, for their judiciary
and ultimate decision.
'I Agreed, that the convention shall, when met, set apart a certain portion of
their time for social and fervent prayer to Almighty God, for his blessing on
their counsels and the churches they represent; and that said convention, when-
ever circumstances appear to them to require public and general humiliation or
thanksgiving, shall recommend to the corresponding Synods to set apart the
same day to be observed throughout all their churches.
" Resolved, That Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Livingston, and Mr. Mason, be a committee
to draw out three fair copies of the above minutes, in order that each of the
corresponding Synods may be furnished with one.
" Concluded with prayer."
The consideration of the above report was deferred till to-morrow morning.
^ The Synod took into consideration the motion made last year, respecting the
time to be employed in the study of divinity by such as design to offer them-
selves for the work of the ministry, previous to their being taken on trials ;
and considering the present circumstances of our churches, determined it in the
negative.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
20th dai/, nine o'clock, A. 31. Spwd met. Post 2»'cces sederunt qxd
supra.
The consideration of the report of the committee to meet with the committees
of the Low Dutch Reformed Synod of New York and New Jersey, and of the
Associate Reformed Synod, resumed. It appears by the report of said com-
522 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786.
mittee, that thoy have conversed fully and freely with the brethren of the above
Synods on the subject of an union with them, and the Synod approves their
diligence and fidelity in this matter, and agree to appoint a committee to meet
such delegates as may be appointed by the above Synods on this business, in the
city of New York on the second Tuesday of October nest.
Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Matthew Wilson, and IMr. Woodhull, were ap-
pointed a committee to draw up instructions to regulate the conduct of the
delegation which may be appointed to meet the committees of the Low Dutch
Reformed Synod of New York and New Jersey, and of the Associate Reformed
Synod.
The committee appointed to consider of a plan for the division of the Synod,
reported, that they had met and made some progress in the business, but that
they were not yet prepared to lay their plan before Synod, and therefore re-
quested, that they might have leave to meet again, which was granted.
Ou motion ordered, that Mr. John Smith be added to the committee appointed
to consider of a plan for the division of the Synod.
On motion ordered, that Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. William Linn, and Mr. James
"Wilson, be a committee to select such parts of the proceedings of the present
sessions of the Synod as they may judge will be of general advantage to the
church, and report them to the Synod for their concurrence, that they may be
printed.
The committee appointed to prepare a selection from the different versions
of the psalms to be used in our churches, which might give more general satis-
faction than any one version now used, report that they had paid attention to
the affair but had not yet completed it.
Ordered, That the same committee be continued to carry into effect the busi-
ness assigned them, and make report next Synod.
Adjourned till Monday next, (22d,) nine o'clock in the morning. Concluded
with prayer.
Monday, 22(7 dai/, at nine d'cloch, A. 31. the Sijnod met. Post prcces sede-
runt qui supra.
jNIr. McDonald being now come gave reasons for not attending sooner, which
were satisfactory.
The testimonials of Mr. Walter Monteith, a licensed candidate from the Pres-
bytery of Dunbarton in Scotland, were laid before Synod by the Presbytery of
New York and approved.
The committee appointed to prepare and report a draught of a plan for the
division of the Synod into three or more Synods, brought in their report, which
is as follows, viz :
" Your committee beg leave to report, that they conceive it proper, previ-
ously to the division of the Synod, to divide some of the Presbyteries which
are now too extensive in their limits, and to new-model some others, so as to
render them more convenient than they are at present ; and, therefore, recom-
mend to Synod to institute the following arrangement, viz :
" 1st. That Abingdon Presbytery be divided into two Presbyteries, the one
to be bounded by New River on the north and east, by the Apalachian 3Ioun-
tains on the south, and by Cumberland Mountain on the west, consisting of
the Rev. Charles Cummings, Ilezckiah Raich, John Casson, Samuel Doak,
and Samuel Houston, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of Abing-
don, and to hold their first meeting agreeably to adjournment of the late Pres-
bytery of Abingdon. The other to comprehend the district of Kentucky and
the settlements on Cumberland River, consisting of the Rev. David Rice,
Thomas Craighead, Adam Rankin, Andrew McClure, and James Crawford, to
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 523
be known by the name of the Presbytery of Transylvania, and to meet for the
first time at Danville, in the district of Kentucky, on the third Tuesday of
next October, the Rev. David Rice to preside, or in case of his absence, the
senior minister present.
" 2d. That the Presbytery of Hanover be divided into two Presbyteries, the
one to be bounded by the Apalachian Mountains on the north-west, by the
Presbytery of Orange on the south, by the Presbyteiy of Donegal on the
north and east, and by the Chesapeake and Atlantic on the south-east, con-
sisting of the Rev. Richard Zanchy, John Todd, James Waddel, William
Irwin, John Blair Smith, James Mitchel, John D. Blaii-, and Daniel McCalla,
to be known by the name of Hanover Presbytery, and to hold their first meet-
ing at Hampden Sidney, in Prince Edwards county, on the third Tuesday of
September next, the Rev. Richard Zanchy to preside, or in his absence the
senior minister present. The other to be .bounded by the Presbytery of Red-
stone and Carlisle on the North, by the south-eastern ridge of the Apalachian
Mountains on the east and south, and by New River on the west, consisting of
the Rev. John Brown, William Grraham, Archibald Scott, James McConnel,
Edward Crawford, Benjamin Irwin, John Montgomery, William Wilson, Moses
Hoge, John McCue,' Samuel Carrick, and Samuel Shannon, to be known by
the name of the Presbytery of Lexington, and to meet for the first time at
Timber Ridge, in Rock Bridge county, on the last Tuesday of September
next, the Rev. John Brown to preside, or in his absence the senior minister
present.
" 3d. That the Presbytery of Donegal be divided into two Presbyteries,
one of which to consist of the Rev. John Slemmons, James Hunt, Stephen
Balch, and Isaac Keith, with the Rev. Dr. Patrick Alison from the late second
Presbytery of Philadelphia, and the Rev. George Luckey from the Presby-
tery of New Castle, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of Baltimore,
and to meet for the first time in Baltimore town on the last Tuesday of Octo-
ber next, the Rev. Dr. Alison to preside, or in his absence the senior minister
present. The other to consist of the Rev. Samuel Thompson, John Hoge,
Hugh McGill, Robert Cooper, James Martin, James Lang, John Craighead,
John King, Hugh Vance, Thomas McFerren, John McKnight, Dr. Robert
Davidson, John Black, Samuel Dougall, John Lynn, David Beard, Samuel
Waugh, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Stevens, and James Johnston, with the
Rev. John Elder and Robert McMordie, from the late second Presbytery of
Philadelphia, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of Carlisle, and to
hold their first meeting agreeably to the adjournment of the late Presbytery of
Donegal.
"4th. That the Rev. Colin McFarquhar, late of the Presbytery of Donegal,
be annexed to the Presbytery of New Castle.
" 5th. That the distinction of first Presbytery and second Presbytery of
Philadelphia, shall henceforth cease, and that the members of these two Pres-
byteries, except those that are annexed to the Presbyteries of Baltimore and
Carlisle, be united into one Presbytery to be known by the name of the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia, to hold their first meeting on the third Tuesday of
October next in the city of Philadelphia, and the Rev. Dr. Sproat to preside,
or in his absence the senior minister present.
" Your committee beg leave further to report, that they conceive it will be
most conducive to the interests of religion that this Synod be divided into four
Synods, and therefore submit to the Synod the following plan for dividing the
Synod of New York and Philadelphia into four distinct Synods, subordinate to
a General Assembly to be constituted out of the whole.
" 1st. That one of the said Synods shall consist of the Presbyteries of
524 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [178G.
Dutchess county, Suffolk, Now York, and New Brunswick, to be known by the
name of the Synod of New York and New Jersey.
<' 2d. That another Synod shall consist of the Presbyteries of Philadelphia,
Lewestown, New Castle, Baltimore, and Carlisle, to be known by the name of
the Synod of Philadelphia.
" 3d. That another Synod shall consist of the Presbyteries of Redstone,
Hanover, Lexington, and Transylvania, to be known by the name of the Synod
of Virginia.
" 4th. That another Synod shall consist of the Presbyteries of Abingdon,
Orange, and South Carolina, to be known by the name of the Synod of the
Carolinas.
" 5th. That out of the body of these Synods a General Assembly shall be
constituted in the following manner, viz : That every Presbytery shall, at their
last stated meeting preceding the meeting of the General Assembly, depute to
the General Assembly commissioners in the following proportion ; each Pres-
bytery consisting of not more than six ministers shall send one minister and
one elder ; each Presbytery consisting of more than six ministers and not more
than twelve, shall send two ministers and two elders, and so in the same pro-
portion for every six ministers. And these commissioners or any fourteen of
them, whereof seven to be ministers, being met on the day and at the place
appointed, shall be competent to enter upon business. And the judicatory
thus constituted, shall bear the style and title of the General Assembly of the
Presbyterian Church in the United States of America."
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three dcloch, P. M. the Si/nod met Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed at our last meeting to compile a system of disci-
pline and church government, brought in their report, part of which was read.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
23f? day, nine dcloclc, A. 31. Sijnod met. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
(Except Dr. Bodgcrs and Mr. John Miller, who had leave to go home.)
The committee appointed to draw up instructions to regulate the conduct of
the delegates, to meet with the delegates of the Low Dutch Reformed Synod of
New York and New Jersey, and of the Associate Reformed Synod in conven-
tion in the city of New York in October next, laid them before Synod, which
with some amendments were approved, and are as follows, viz :
" The delegates on the part of this Synod are to inform the convention that
this body is about to divide itself into four Synods, subordinate to a General
Assembly. That they have now under consideration a plan of church govern-
ment and discipline, which it is hoped will, when completed, be sufficient to
answer every query of the convention upon that head ; and that the mutual
assurances mentioned in the minutes of the last convention, may, as far as they
respect this Synod, be made with much more propriety after the intended
system is finished than at present.
" They are to assure the convention of the readiness and desire of this body
in the mean time to unite, in a consistent manner, their influence with that of
the other Synods, in order to promote the spiritual interest and best good of
the whole. And the delegates from this Synod are to enter into a friendly
conference with those of the other Synods, and in conjunction Avith them to
concert such measures as shall appear best calculated to dilluse harmony and
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 525
brotherly love through the several churches, and promote the interest of the
Redeemer's kingdom, and to make report of the whole to this Synod at their
meeting in May next. On motion resolved, that the Rev. Drs. John Wither-
spoon, John Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, Messes. Israel Read, John
Woodhull, Nathan Kerr, with the moderator, be appointed, and they are
hereby appointed delegates on behalf of this Synod for the purposes above
mentioned.
" On motion resolved, that the book of discipline and government be recom-
mended to a committee to meet in the city of Philadelphia on the second Tues-
day of September next, who shall have powers to digest such a system as they
shall think to be accommodated to the state of the Presbyterian Church in Ame-
rica, that they shall procure three hundred copies to be printed and distributed to
the several Presbyteries in proportion to the number of their members under the
engagement of this Synod, to have the expense of printing and distribution
reimbursed to the committee at their next meeting ; and every Presbytery is
hereby required to report, in writing, to the Synod at their next meeting, their
observations on the said book of government and discipline."
The committee appointed to attend to the above business, were Drs. Wither-
spoou, McWhorter, Rodgers, Sproat, Duffield, Alison, and Ewing; Mr. Mat-
thew Wilson, and Dr. Smith, with Isaac Snowden, Esquire, Mr. Robert Tag-
gart, and Mr. John Pinkerton, elders.
The Synod being informed that several disorders and disagreeable circum-
stances have taken place in some of the churches in the western parts, espe-
cially within the bounds of the Presbytery of Abingdon, to the great prejudice
of the interest of religion in those parts, did appoint Mr. McCorkle, Mr. Scott,
Mr. Moses Hoge, Mr. Francis Cummings, Mr. John Smith, and Mr. Vance, or
a majority of them, with an elder to accompany each, as a committee, in the
name of the Synod, to meet at Salem Church, on the waters of Nola Chucky,
on the second Wcdnesdcxy of October next, with power to them to call before
them such persons concerned in these disturbances, as are members of, or under
the authority of this Synod, to hear and consider what shall be represented to
them, and take proof of disputed allegations, if necessary ; to endeavour, with
prudence and meekness, to accommodate differences; where this cannot be
wholly effected, and matters appear to them to be ripe for decision, and they be
unanimous, to give judgment; if not unanimous, that they cite all whom they
think necessary, to appear before the Synod, or General Assembly, at the next
meeting, to have the matter fully judged, only taking care in any case where
proof is necessary, that it be taken upon the spot, that there may be no unneces-
sary delay of a final and effectual settlement. They are also empowered, if
there appear to them any urgent, or very doubtful censures inflicted by any of
the parties upon others, to suspend the execution till the meeting of the Synod,
or General Assembly.
The members of the Presbytery of Abingdon are required by Synod to read
the above appointment publicly in their congregations, at least four weeks before
the meeting of the committee, and this reading shall be considered as a citation
to all parties concerned, to appear; and if any fail to appear, the committee,
however, shall proceed to take evidence as they shall see cause ; and no evidence
pretended to be produced afterwards, shall be admitted to invalidate the mea-
sures of the committee, or to prevent the decision of Synod.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three d clock, P. M. The Si/nod met. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The minutes of the Presbytery of Lewestown were reviewed by the commit-
tee appointed for that purpose, to page 122, who reported a number of omis-
sions and inaccuracies upon their records, which appear to Synod to have been
526 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786.
occasioned by the tumultuous state of the country during the revolution, and
the hasty manner in which they were obliged to transact business. Whereupon,
the Synod gave orders, that that Presbytery in future have their minutes care-
fully revised before they are recorded.
The minutes of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia were reviewed by the
committee appointed for that purpose, unto page 13, and were approved.
In consequence of an overture which was brought in, the Synod earnestly
recommend to all the vacant congregations under their care, to meet together
every Lord's day, at one or more places, for the purposes of prayer and praises,
and reading the Holy Scriptures, together with the works of such approved
divines as they may be able to procure, and that the elders be the persons who
shall pray, and select the portions of Scripture and other books, to be read by
any proper person whom they may appoint.
The Synod considering the education of youth, and their being early in-
structed in the principles of religion, as the most useful means of promoting
the influence of the gospel in our churches, resolved, that it be enjoined ou
every Presbytery, in appointing supplies to their vacant congregations, to take
order that every vacant congregation within their limits, be carefully catechized
at least once in a year, in tlie same manner as is required by the order of our
church in congregations supplied with regular pastors, and that the ministers
appointed to this duty be required, at the next meeting of the Presbytery, to
render an account of their fidelity in this respect, and that the Presbyteries be
required to render au account of their attention to this order at the nest meet-
ing of Synod.
On motion made and seconded. Ordered, Th&t every Presbytery take eff'cctual
measures to raise from each congregation under their care, whether supplied
with a pastor or vacant, a collection, previous to the next meeting of Synod,
for defraying the expenses of printing the public acts of Synod, and for print-
ing and distributing the book of government and discipline, and for such
other purposes as to the Synod shall seem proper, and that each Presbytery
send said collections with some one of their members who shall attend Synod
next year, and the Synod agree to render to the people au account of the dis-
bursements.
In consequence of a request from the Presbytery of New York for some
ministers, or probationers, to be sent to preach the gospel in their vacancies
above Albany, the Synod appointed Mr. Burton to supply in those parts as
much as he conveniently can through the ensuing summer, and recommended to
Mr. Thompson to pay a visit to those vacancies for the same purpose, at such
time as he may find most convenient.
The Synod proceeded to consider the report of the committee on a plan for
dividing the Synod into three or more Synods, and adopted it so far as respects
the arranging of Presbyteries; and the Synod do hereby establish the arrange-
ment therein contained. The consideration of the remaining part of the report
was deferred till our next stated meeting, at which time the several Presbyteries
are desired to attend prepared to determine respecting it.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Wednesday, 24<A day, nine o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui siqva.
(Except Messrs. Semple, John Hoge, Latta, Martin, and Barr, who had
leave to go home.)
On motion, Ordered, That each Presbytery lay before Sj'uod next year,
an accurate list which may be printed, of the names of their settled ministers,
according to their seniority in the work of the ministr}-, M'ith the places of
1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 527
their residence ; and also of the probationers, and vacant congregations under
their care.
And in order to prevent irregularit}', uncertainty, and waste of time, ordered,
that each Presbytery, at the meeting immediately preceding the meeting of Synod,
draw up their report in writing, and appoint a member to deliver it.
The Synod viewing, with serious concern, the decay of vital religion, and the
prevalence of immorality, do hereby appoint the third Thursday of August next,
to be observed as a day of solemn fasting, humiliation, and prayer, by all the
churches under their care.
The following case of conscience from Donegal Presbytery, was overtured,
viz : whether Christian masters, or mistresses, ought, in duty, to have such
children baptized as are under their care, though born of parents not in the
communion of any Christian church ? Upon this overture Synod are of opinion
that Christian masters and mistresses, whose religious professions and conduct
are such as to give them a right to the ordinance of baptism for their own child-
ren, may and ought to dedicate the children of their household to God, in that
ordinance, when they have no scruple of conscience to the contrary.
It was overtured, whether Christian slaves, having children at the entire di-
rection of unchristian masters, and not having it in their power to instruct them
in religion, are bound to have them baptized ; and whether a gospel minister in
this predicament ought to baptize them ? and Synod determined the question in
the affirmative.
It was moved and agreed, that each member present pay into the hand of
Isaac Snowden, Esquire, his equal share to defray the expense of the present
meeting of Synod, and that Mr. Snowden pay to the stated clerk of Synod,
out of the money so deposited, the sum of three pounds, for his trouble in
transcribing the minutes of this year; and to the janitor, three pounds five
shillings, for his attendance on the present sessions ; and that he also pay the
printer for printing the acts and proceedings of the Synod, if he shall have
sufficient in his hand fur that purpose ; and if the money in his hand shall
not be sufficient, the Synod engage to make up the remainder at their next
meeting.
IMessrs. Francis Peppard, John Simonton, James Finley, James Boyd, James
Anderson, James Grier, Thomas Read, and John Finley, having withdrawn
from Synod without leave, resolved, that they be recorded as inattentive to their
duty in that instance.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui siqyra.
As matters of the greatest importance are expected to come before the Synod
at their next meeting, it is earnestly requested that all the members of Synod
would be punctual in their attendance.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of next May, to meet in the Second
Presbyterian Church, in Philadelphia, at eleven o'clock, A. M.
Concluded with prayer.
17S7.
May IQth, 1787, 11 o'clock, A. 31
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met according to adjournment,
in the Second Presbyterian Church, in the city of Philadelphia. Ubi post
preces sederunt
Of Dutchess County Presbytery : the Rev. Mr. John Davenport.
Of New York Presbytery : the Rev. Drs. John Rodgers, and Alexander
528 MINUTES OP THE SYNOD OP [1787.
3IcWhorter, and Rev. Messrs. Jedidiah Chapman, Alexander Miller, James
Wilson, and John McDonald.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Woodhull, James
F. Armstrong, Joseph Clark, and William Boyd.
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. Drs. James Sproat, George Duffield,
and John Ewing, and Rev. Messrs. Samuel Blair, James Boyd, William
Mackcy Tennent, Nathaniel Irwin, Andrew Hunter, George Faitout, and John
Johnston.
Of New Castle Presbytery : the Rev. Dr. Robert Smith, and Rev. Messrs.
Colin McFarquhar, John McCreary, Alexander Mitchell, James Anderson,
William Smith, James Munro, and John Burton.
Of Lewes Presbytery : the Rev. IMr. Samuel McMasters.
Of Carlisle Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Craighead, John King, Hugh
Vance, John Black, John McKnight, John Lynn, and Samuel Waugh.
Of Baltimore Presbytery : the Rev. Mr. Isaac Keith.
Of Redstone Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. James_ Finley, John McMillan,
James Power, and Samuel Barr.
Of Lexington Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Montgomery, Moses Hoge,
and Samuel Carrick.
Of Hanover Presbytery : the Rev. Mr. John Blair Smith.
Of South Carolina Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Simpson, James Tem-
pleton, and Francis Cummings.
Of Abingdon Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Hezekiah Balch, John Cosson,
Samuel Doak, and Samuel Houston.
Elders : Mr. Abraham Vangelder, Col. John Bayard, ]\Ir. John Pinkerton,
Mr. Robert Taggart, Mr. Benjamin Snodgrass, Mr. William Boyd, and 'Dr.
Thomas Henderson.
Absent : Of Dutchess County Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Solomon Mead,
Wheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis, Samuel Mills, Blackleach Burrit.
Of New York Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Timothy Jones, D. D., Aaron
Richards, Jonathan Elmer, John Moffat, Hugh Knox, D. D., Abner Brush,
Benjamin Woodruff, Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, James Thompsou, John Close,
William Woodhull, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William Schenck, John Joline, Andrew
King, James Wilson, sen., James Glassbrook.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Guild, John Wither-
spoon, D. D., Israel Reed, Samuel Kennedy, John Hanna, Thomas Smith, Samuel
Stanhope Smith, D. D., John Warford, Philip Stockton, Joseph Rue, Peter
Wilson, Walter Monteith, James Muir.
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, Francis Pep-
pard, James Watt, William Pickles, James (Jlrier, William 3IcKee.
Of New Castle Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. AV'illiam McKennan, James
Latta, Thomas Read, James Anderson, Thomas Smith, Daniel Jones, Nathaniel
Semple, John E. Finley.
Of Lewes I^resbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Miller, Matthew Wilson,
D. D., Jacob Kerr, John Rankin.
Of Baltimore Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. James Hunt, John Slemmons,
Patrick Alison, D. D., Stephen B. Balch.
Of Carlisle Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Elder, John Hoge, Hugh
McCill, Charles Nesbit, D. D., James Martin, Robert Mc3Iordie, Robert
Cooper, James Lang, Thomas JMcFcrrin, Robert Davidson, D. D., Samuel
Dougal, David Bard, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Stevens, James John-
ston.
Of Redstone Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Clark, Joseph Smith,
Thaddeus Dod, James Dunlap.
Of Lexington Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Brown, William Graham,
1787.] NEAV YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 529
James McConnell, Archibald Scott, Edward Crawford, Benjamin Irwin, William
Wilson, John McCue.
Of Hanover Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd,
James Waddell, William Irwin, James Mitchell, John D. Blair.
Of Abingdon Presbytery : the Rev. Mr. Charles Cummings.
Of the Presbytery of South Carolina : the Rev. Messrs. James Edmonds,
John Harris, Joseph Alexander, Thomas Reese, Thomas H. McCall, Robert
Finley, Robert Hall, Robert Mechlin.
And the whole of the Presbyteries of Suffolk, Orange, and Transylvania.
The Synod was opened by the last year's moderator, with a sermon from Mat-
thew xviii. 17.
Mr. Chapman was chosen moderator, and Mr. Armstrong and Mr. James
Wilson, clerks.
Messrs. Davenport, Chapman, Irwin, Dr. McWhorter, Mr. Mitchell, ]Mr.
Munro, Mr. McFarquhar, Mr. King, Mr. Craighead, Mr. Vance, Mr. Black,
Mr. McKnight, Mr. McMasters, Mr. Montgomery, Mr. Casson, Mr. Power,
Mr. McMillan, Mr. Balch, and Mr. Simpson, gave their reasons of absence from
last Synod, which were sustained.
The following members were appointed a committee of overtures, to meet in
this church, to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, and afterwards on their own ad-
journments, viz. Messrs. Davenport, McDonald, William Boyd, Irwin, Burton,
McMasters, McKnight, Keith, Power, Montgomery, J. B. Smith, Simonton,
and Balch, ministers, and Mr. Vangelder, Col. Bayard, Mr. Pinkerton, Mr. Tag-
gart, Mr. Snodgrass, and Mr. Boyd, elders.
Ordered, That the several Presbyteries bring in their respective reports to-
mt»rrow morning, in writing ; and also a list of their members, according to their
seniority in the ministry, with the names of the congregations in which they are
settled, and also the names of the probationers and vacant congregations under
their care, that the same may be printed.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick reported, that they had taken some steps
in the affair respecting Mr. Treat, but were prevented from proceeding by his
removal by death.
Mr. Burton's excuse for not visiting the congregations to the northward and
westward of Albany, was sustained.
The fast day appointed by last Synod was observed in all the Presbyteries,
except Dutchess County, Redstone, and South Carolina, which Presbyteries did
not hear of the appointment till after the day was past.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Mai/ Vjth, 1787, nine ddoch, A. M. the St/nod .met according to adjourn-
me7it. JJbi post 2^1'eces sederunt qui suj^ra.
Messrs. Thomas Read, Nathaniel W. Semple, James Latta, Azel Roe, Joseph
Rue, and John Slemmons, and also Col. James Mercer, Mr. Semple's elder, Dr.
Bloomfield, Mr. Roe's elder, Mr. John Smith, Mr. Rue's elder, and Samuel
Irwin, Mr. Tennent's elder, are now come j their reasons for not attending
sooner, were sustained.
The testimonials of Mr. Hugh Morrison, a probationer from the Presbytery
of Root, in the kingdom of Ireland, were presented by Carlisle Presbytery, and
were sustained by the Synod.
It was moved and agreed, that each member of Synod do now pay into the
hand of Col. Bayard, the sum of one quarter of a dollar, towards defraying the
expense of the present meeting ; which was accordingly done, amounting to
£7 7s. Qd.
The Presbytery of Dutchess county reported, that the Rev. Mr. Samuel
67
530 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [llSl.
Sackct Lad been removed by death since the last report was made to Synod ;
that the llev. Mr. John Davenport had been received as a member of their body
upon proper testimonials from the Presbytery of Suifolk, and installed paster at
Bedford.
The Presbytery of New York reported, that the Rev. Mr. Simon Horton was
removed by death on the tenth day of last May ; that they had received as a
member with them the Rev. JMr. James Thompson, agreeably to the order of
last Synod, admitting him to join such Presbytery as he might see meet; that
they had received the Rev. Mr. William Schenck, on proper testimonials from
the Presbytery of Philadelphia; and that they had dismissed the Rev. Mr. Wil-
liam Lynn, in consequence of his having accepted a call from the Low Dutch
Reformed Church of New York.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick reported, that they had ordained Mr.
Walter Monteith to the work of the gospel ministry, at New Brunswick, on the
sixth day of Deccnber last; and that they had dismissed Mr. Ashbel Green, a
licensed candidate under their care, in order to put himself under the care of
the Presbytery of Philadelphia. Mr. Monteith being present took his seat as a
member.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia reported, that they had, since last Synod,
dismissed the Rev. Mr. Israel Evans to take charge of a congregation at Wey-
mouth, in Massachusetts, and the Rev. Mr. William Schenck to join the
Presbytery of New York, and also Mr. Nathan Grier, a probationer, that he
might put himself under the care of New Castle Presbytery, in consequence
of his having accepted a call from Brandywine congregation, within tneir
bounds ; and that they had received Mr. Ashbel Green, a probationer from the
Presbytery of New Brunswick, and orckined him on the 15th instant, as co-
pastor of the second Presbyterian church in this city, with the Rev. Dr. Sproat.
Mr. Green being present took his seat as a member, and Isaac Snowden, Esq.,
his elder.
The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that they had received Mr. Nathan
Grier from the Presbytery of Philadelphia, as a candidate under their care, on
proper testimonials from said Presbytery.
The Presbyteries of Lewes and Baltimore informed the Synod that they had
no report to make.
The Presbytery of Carlisle reported, that they had received the Rev. Dr.
Charles Nesbit upon credentials from the Presbytery of Brechin, in Scotland ;
and that the Rev. Samuel Thompson was removed by death on the 29th day of
April last.
The Presbytery of Redstone reported, that, since the last meeting of Synod,
they had received the Rev. Samuel Barr, upon proper testimonials from New
Castle Presbytery.
The Presbytery of Lexington reported, that they had dismissed Messrs. Craw-
ford and Shannon, in consequence of their signifying their intentions to remove
to Kentucky.
The Presbytery of Hanover reported, that they had dismissed the Rev. Daniel
McCalla, in consequence of his having accepted a call from the congregation
near Charleston, South Carolina.
The Presbytery of South Carolina reported, that pursuant to an order of
Synod, the Presbytery of South Carolina met for the first time at the Wax-
haws church on the l'2th day of April, 1785, and that the Rev. Thomas II.
McCaule and James Templeton, having produced regular dismissions from
Orange Presbytery in order to join them, Avere accordingly received as mem-
bers of that Presbytery; Messrs. Robert Einley, Robert Hall, and_ Robert
Meckliu, late probationers under the care of Orange Presbytery, having pro-
duced regular dismissions from the same, in order to put themselves under the
1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 531
care of this Presbytery, were received accordingly; that in June, 1785, they
bad ordained and installed Mr. llobert Finley pastor of the Waxhaws church ;
that in July they had oi'dained and installed Mr. Robert Hall pastor of the
united churches of Upper Long Cane and Saluda ; that on July 29th, they had
ordained and installed Mr. Robert Mecklin pastor of the united churches of
Lower Long Cane and Rocky River; and that at their second meeting, viz :
on October 12th, 1785, they had cut off the Rev. Thomas Hill from member-
ship with the same for contumacy.
The Presbytery of Abingdon reported, that they had licensed Mr. James
Balch to preach the gospel.
Mr. Lucas Alricks, Mr. William Smith's elder, is now come.
The several Presbyteries gave in a list of their members, &c. agreeably to
the order of yesterday.
Ordered, That the committee for revising the Synod book, procure said book
to be rebound, and to add as much blank paper as they may judge necessary,
and to call on Col. Bayard for the expenses thereof; and that they insert the
index now given in when completely finished, and transcribe the selections when
made agreeably to order of Synod.
Doctor Duffield and Mr. Blair, were appointed a committee to examine the
Presbytery book of Dutchess county.
Mr. Latta and Mr. McCreary were appointed to examine New York Pres-
bytery book.
Doctor McWhorter and Mr. Miller, were appointed to examine Philadelphia
Presbytery book.
Mr. Black and Mr. King, were appointed to examine New Castle Presbytery
book.
Mr. Woodhull and Mr. William Boyd were appointed to examine the South
Carolina Presbytery book.
Doctors Rodgers and Smith, were appointed to examine Abingdon Presby-
tery book.
Dr. Duffield, Dr. Ewing, Col. Bayard, and Isaac Snowden, Esq'r. were
appointed a committee to receive the collections made by the Presbyteries in
the several congregations within their bounds, for defraying the expenses of
printing the public acts of Synod, &c. agreeable to their order of last year,
and to state accurately the moneys received from each Presbytery and con-
gregation, and to inspect and settle the accounts of the treasurer, the Rev. Dr.
Witherspoon.
The committee appointed to prepare a draught of a plan of government and
discipline, reported, that they had, agreeably to order, prepared a draught and
distributed copies to the respective Presbyteries. Ordered, that the several
Presbyteries bring in their observations on the said draught in the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Ma^ 17th, three o'doc/c, P. M. The Synod met agreeably to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. Simonton is now come ; his reasons for not attending sooner
were sustained.
Ordered, That Drs. McWhorter and Duffield, and Mr. Thomas Read, be a
committee to select such parts of the proceedings of the present sessions of the
Synod as they may judge will be of general advantage to the church, and re-
port them to the Synod for their concurrence, that they may be printed, and
also to prepare for printing and report to Synod a list of the ministers, proba-
tioners, and congregations, belonging to the Synod, agreeably to the reports of
the Presbyteries.
532 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1787.
On inquiry being made wbethcr the several Presbyteries bad complied with
tbc order of last year, respecting catecbizing vacant congregations, it appeared
that tbc Presbyteries of New York, New Brunswick, New Castle, Baltimore,
and Carlisle, had complied therewith ; that the Presbytery of Philadelphia bad
complied in part; that the Presbyteries of Lewes and Redstone had not com-
plied ; that Lexington had complied with it as far as their circumstances would
admit ; that Hanover and Abingdon found it impracticable ; and that South
Carolina Presbytery had not received the order in time to take any measures in
the affiiir.
Resolved, That the order of last Synod, respecting the catecbizing of all
vacant congregations under their care, be a standing order of Synod.
A letter from the Presbytery of Suffolk addressed to the moderator of Synod,
praying that the union between them and the Synod may be dissolved, was
read. The Synod appointed Dr. McWhorter to bring in a draught of a letter
in answer thereto, and that Dr. McWhorter, Dr. Rodgers, Messrs. Wood-
hull, Roe, and Davenport, be a committee to meet the Presbytery of Suffolk
at Huntingdon, on the first Wednesday of next September at two o'clock,
P. M., and that the Presbytery of Suffolk be desired, by timely notice, to meet
with the committee, in order to enter into free and full conversation upon this
subject, and the committee to make report at the next sessions of Synod.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer
3Iay 18^7*, nine o'docJt', A. M. Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi
post preces sederunt qui siipra.
Mr. Jacob Vanarsdalen and Dr. Alison are now come j their reasons for not
coming sooner were sustained.
Doctor McWhorter, agreeably to order, brought in a draught of a letter to
the Presbytery of Suffolk, which was approved, and ordered to be signed by
the moderator and sent to that Presbytery, and is as follows :
'' To the Reverend the Presbytery of Suffolk County :
" Reverend and dear Brethren : — We received a letter from you, dated April
11th, 1787, which both surprised and grieved us, by informing us 'that you
think it needful that the union between you and us should be dissolved.' We
are surprised that a matter of so great importance, as breaking the peace and
unity of the church, should be so suddenly gone into, without our receiving
any information of the matter in respect to any previous things leading to such
an event. We declare that we have done nothing which we know of, that
should be so much as matter of offence to you, much less a ground of withdraw-
ment or separation. We have always supposed that you, as brethren with us,
believed in the same general system of doctrine, discipline, worsbip, and church
government, as the same is contained in the Westminster Confession of Faith,
Catechisms, and Directory. You inform us ' that your local situation renders
it inconvenient to maintain the union.' This is the same that ever it was,
when we took sweet counsel together, strengthened each other's liands in the
advancement of the cause of our dear Redeemer, stood firm in opposition to
the enemies of our religion, and greatly comforted and encouraged one an-
other.
" You say ' that concurrence with the draught of the form of government
and discipline for the Presbyterian Church in North America, is impractica-
ble.' That is only a draught or overture for consideration and amendment,
and we should have rejoiced much to have had your company and aid in point-
ing out those impracticabilities, and in altering, correcting, and completing the
said draught. We apprehend there are no principles in it different from the
1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 533
Westminster Directory, only the same rendered more explicit in some things,
and more conformable to the state and circumstances of the Presbyterian Church
in America.
"You likewise add, Hhe churches in your limits will not comply therewith.'
Perhaps those churches, from some cause unknown to us, may have hastily im-
■ bibed groundless prejudices, which by taking some pains with them, and by
giving a proper explanation of the matter, might be readily removed. We are
fully of opinion that the general principles in said draught contain the plan
of church discipline and government revealed in the New Testament, and are
conformable, (allowances being made for the differences in the states of civil
society and local circumstances,) to the practices and usages of the best re-
formed churches.
" Wherefore, dearly beloved brethren, in the bowels of brotherly love, we en-
treat you to reconsider the resolution expressed in your letter.
"You well know that it is not a small thing to rend the seamless coat of
Christ, or to be disjoined parts of that one body, his church. We are all mem-
bers one of another ; there should be no schism in the body, but we should
comfort, encoui-age, and strengthen one another by the firmest union in our com-
mon Lord. We are Presbyterians, and we firmly believe the Presbyterian sys-
tem of doctrine, discipline, and church government, to be nearer to the word of
Grod than that of any other sect or denomination of Christians. Shall all other
sects and parties be united among themselves for their support and increase, and
Presbyterians divided and subdivided, so as to be the scorn of some and the
prey of others ? In order to testify to you the high sense we entertain of the
importance of union in the Presbyterian body in America, we have appointed a
committee, viz : The Rev. Dr. Ilodgers, Dr. IMcWhorter, Mr. Roe, Mr. John
WoodhuU, and Mr. Davenport, to wait upon you to converse with you, and to
endeavour to remove difficulties.
" Therefore, we request the moderator of your Presbytery to call the same
together to meet our committee at Huntingdon on the first Wednesday in Sep-
tember for these purposes, at which time and place our committee are appointed
to attend, that you may in a spirit of candour and love reconsider your resolu-
tion, and continue in a state of union with us, and that we may, by our united
efibrts, advance the kingdom of our glorious Redeemer, is the earnest prayer of
your affectionate and grieved brethren.
"Signed by order of the Synod.
" Jedidiah Chapman, Moderator.
" Philadelphia, May ISth, 1787."
Messrs. Irwin and Green were appointed to examine the Baltimore Presby-
tery book.
The Synod resumed the consideration of the draught of a plan of govern-
ment, &c. The Presbytery of Baltimore gave in their remarks on said draught,
which were read. The Synod then proceeded to consider the draught, para-
graph by paragraph.
Doctor Witherspoon is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner were
sustained.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. Synod met according to adjournment. Vhi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the draught was resumed, and after having gone through
several sections thereof.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
534 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1787.
May Vdth, 1787, nine o'doclc, A. M. Synod met occordovj to adjournment.
Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Except Mr. Irwin's elder, who is gone home through indisposition.
Mr. Watt and Mr. McKee having now come, their reasons for not coming
sooner were sustained.
Ordered, to proceed in considering the draught, and after having gone through
several sections,
Adjourned to nine o'clock on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 2\st, 1787, nine o'clock, A. M. Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Except Dr. Henderson, who had leave to go home.
Mr. John Warford and Mr. John llankin having now come, their reasons for
not coming sooner were sustained.
Ordered, to proceed in considering the draught, and made some progress.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met agreeaUe to adjournment. Uhi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, to resume the consideration of the draught, and made some progress
therein.
As the minds of the members appeared to be considerably divided respecting
the proposed representation from vacant congregations, it was agreed to defer
the consideration of that paragraph until the other parts of the draught shall
have been considered.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
22d May, 1787, Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi jiost preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Longstreet, Dr. Witherspoon's elder, having come, took his seat.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Eodgers, Dr. Smith, and Mr. Latta, were appointed a
committee to prepare an overture respecting the setting apart of ruling elders
and deacons to their respective offices.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three d clock, P. M. Synod met according to adjournment. U bi p>ost 2'>reces
sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught, and made some progress.
The testimonials of Mr. John Young, a probntioner from the Presbytery of
Irvine, in Scotland, accompanied with corroborating evidential letters, were laid
before Synod, and approved, and he has leave to put himself under the care of
the Presbytery of New York.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Bd May, 1787. The Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi j^ost
j^reces sederunt qui supra.
Dr. Samuel Smith and Mr. James Muir having now come, their reasons for
not coming sooner were sustained.
Mr. lloe and Mr. Bloomfield had leave to ('O home.
1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 535
Oi'dcred, To proceed in considering the draught, and made considerable
progress.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three dcloch^ P. 31. Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. James Finley has gone home without leave.
An address from the corporation of the widows' fund was brought in and
read, particularly stating the deficiency of a number of contributors to the fund
in their annual payment, which prevents the corporation from paying the an-
nuities to their widows ; requesting the interposition of Synod with them, to
procure a greater punctuality in their contributors, or the proposal of some plan,
whereby the fund may be secured in receiving the annual rates stipulated by
them ; and also stating the distress which the want of this punctuality in the
cases of the Rev. Mr. Huston and the Eev. Mr. Carmichael hath occasioned,
whereby they were reduced to the disagreeable necessity of withholding the
annuity from their families. The corporation were also heard in explaining at
large for the satisfoction of the members of Synod, the fundamental principles
of their institution, upon which they have proceeded in their determination in
the case of the fomily of Mr. Carmichael. At the same time a petition from
Mrs. Carmichael was brought in, requesting the interposition of the Synod
with the corporation to procure for her the annuity which has been held from
her by them.
Ordered, That these papers lie on the table.
It was moved and carried, that the form of process in Stewart of Pardovan's
Collection be read and considered as a basis of deliberation, along with the
draught.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
24:t7i May, 1787. Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces
sederunt qui supjra.
Mr. Woodhull obtained leave of absence from Synod.
The Synod re-considered the vote of yesterday respecting Pardovan's Collec-
tion, when the former vote was agreed to.
Ordered, to proceed in considering the draught, &c., and made some j)rogress.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three 6' clock, P. M. Synod met agreecdjly to adjournment. Uhi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Longstreet obtained leave to go home.
The Synod did allow, and do hereby allow, that Dr. Watts's imitation of Da-
vid's Psalms, as revised by Mr. Barlow, be sung in the churches and families
under their care.
Ordered, to proceed in considering the draught, and concluded reading para-
graph by paragraph.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Ibth May, 1787. Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi p>ost preces
sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Vanarsdalen, Farquhar, Blacky Dynn, Waugh, and Dr.
Alison.)
Mr. Barr had leave to go home.
536 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1787.
Ordered, To put off till the afternoon the further consideration of the draught
of a plan of government and discipline, in order to inquire into certain disturb-
ances which have taken place in the ■western parts of the church, and especially
within the bounds of the Presbytery of Abingdon ; for the settlement of which
a committee was appointed at the sessions of Synod, in 178G, to meet at Salem,
in Nola Chuckey, last October.
Mr. Hoge, one of the committee, informed the Synod, that he was the only
member who attended ; the reasons given by the other members of that com-
mittee present in Synod for their not attending, were sustained.
The committee of overtures also reported a petition from several elders and
members of the Presbyterian Church in Nola Chuckey, setting forth that they
were in distressed circumstances, principally on account of some irregular pro-
ceedings of the Presbyter}^ of Abingdon, and requesting the interposition of
the Synod in the premises. Upon inquiring into the nature of the uneasiness
subsisting in the churches there, as referred to in the petition, and confirmed
by the minutes of last Synod, it appeared that the Presbytery of Abingdon
was charged with having taken upon trial, and licensed, Mr. James Balch,
under improper circumstances, and particularly while under suspension by
Orange Presbytery • that some members of Abingdon Presbytery were also
charged with having countenanced certain violent proceedings of a tumultuous
mob, contrary to the ministerial and Christian character, and that several other
irregularities in that district occasioned an interruption of the peace of the
churches.
The Synod, upon a full and careful investigation of the subject, resolved,
that the said James Balch, having been restored to the communion of the
church by the Presbytery of Hanover, after a period of several years, upon a
certificate exhibited to them from the Presbytery of Orange, became a proper
candidate for presbyterial trials, and at his licensure, the Presbytery, then met
according to adjournment, was competent to that business, and that, therefore,
the proceedings of the Presbytery be sustained. With regard to the other
subjects of difference existing within these bounds, inasmuch as several of the
parties concerned were present, it was resolved, that Drs. Witherspoon, Rod-
gers, Sproat, Ewing, Dufiield, McAYhorter, and Messrs. Vangelder, Snowden,-
and Taggart, elders, should be a committee to meet in the afternoon, to en-
deavour to bring the aforesaid parties to an amicable compromise, and to lay
the foundation, if possible, to prevent all disputes on the subjects alleged in
future ; and that the said committee make report to Synod on the result of
their endeavours.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock. P. M. Si/nod met accorcling to adjournment. Uhi j^ost j^^^ces
sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to review the Presbytery book of New York
made report, and the book was approved to the one hundred and sixteenth
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26 May, 1787. Si/nod met accordinr/ to adjournment. Ihi j^ost preces
sederunt qui svjyra.
(Except Messrs. Latta, Watt, Semple, and Mitchell.)
The committee appointed yesterday to converse with the brethren of Abing-
don Presbytery, who wore present, and to endeavour to accommodate the
1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 537
matters of uneasiness among them, met agreeably to order, and report as fol-
lows :
" That they heard the Abingdon brethren more fully than they had been
heard before Synod, and find one source of uneasiness in addition to what
had been mentioned in their country, and among themselves, was about psalm-
ody; and the committee, after hearing them fully, recommended to those
brethren, in a spirit of Christian love, to forgive one another, and bury in ob-
livion all that had passed ; and they readily and cheerfully complied with the
recommendation, and in evidence of their peace and amity took each other by
the right hand; and they promised forbearance towards each other in those
matters wherein they had diifered in judgment, and to encourage, strengthen,
and support each other, in advancing the common cause of their Divine Re-
deemer. It gave your committee the highest pleasure to see these differences
and dissensions terminated in so happy an issue, and they doubt not it will
have a salutary influence upon the peace of the Church in those parts ; and
in order to accomplish this desirable end, that there may be peace and bro-
therly love among the people as well as the ministers, your committee pro-
pose the following resolutions, which the Synod adopted, and resolved accord-
ingly :
" 1st. That in respect to political differences in that part of the country
which occasioned a mob or riot, the Synod highly disapprove of, and condemn
all such tumultuous and riotous proceedings ; but as it appears by a paper
signed by a number who acknowledge themselves the authors of the tumult,
and also from the testimony of Colonel Cook, that Mr. Balch had no hand in
that affair, and that he did take some pains to restrain those unhappy proceed-
ings from going so far as they did, therefore, all things considered, we do not
think him blamable in that matter.
"2d. In respect to the psalmody; the Synod have allowed the use of the
imitation of the Psalms of David for many years, to such congregations as
choose them, and still allow of the same, but they are far from disapproving of
Rouse's version, commonly called the Old Psalms, in those who were in the
use of them and chose them, but are of opinion that either may be used by the
churches, as each congregation may judge most for their peace and edification,
and therefore highly disapprove of public, severe, and unchristian censures
being passed upon either of the systems of psalmody, and recommend it to all
ministers in those parts of the Church, to be more tender and charitable on
these heads.
" 3d. In regard to the Presbytery's excluding two elders from sitting in the
judicature at a certain time, the Synod are of opinion, that the Presbytery had
some support for so doing from common custom and usage, but that there was
too scrupulous an exactness attended to in that matter, and hope that such
events will be guarded against in future.
<' 4th. In respect to the letter addressed to Mr. Balch, through the medium
of the press, and supposed to be written by the Rev. William Graham, of
Rockbridge county, Virginia, the Synod look upon the same as very unchris-
tian and unwarrantable treatment of a brother ; and the Synod do order the
Presbytery of Lexington to cite Mr. Graham before them, and make due in-
quiry whether he be the author, and into the reasons of his conduct in that
matter, and censure or acquit him as the nature of the case may appear ; and
report their proceedings herein to the next Synod.
" Ordered, That the whole of the proceedings had upon the affairs of Abing-
don Presbytery, both at last Synod and at the present sessions, be inserted in
the Presbytery book of Abingdon, and that the ministers of that Presbytery
read them from their pulpits."
68
538 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1787.
Agreed to postpone the further consideration of the draught until Monday
morning.
The committee appointed to review the Presbytery book of South Carolina
made report, and the book was approved to the thirtieth page.
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Abingdon
made report, and the book was approved to the session held March 27th, 1787,
inclusive.
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of New Castle
made report, and the book was approved from the session held April 23d,
1782, to the session held August 18th, 1782, inclusive.
The committee appointed "to examine the Baltimore Presbytery book made
report, and the book was approved to the eighty-first page.
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Philadelphia
made report, and the book was approved to page fiftieth.
Mr. Doak obtained leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three ddoch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of Mr. Robert Aitken for Bibles was given in to the Synod, and
it appearing that there was a balance due to him of eight pounds, ten shillings,
and seven pence. Synod ordered their treasurer, the Kev. Dr. John "Wither-
spoon, to pay said balance.
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Dutchess
county reported, and the book was approved to the one hundred aud tenth
page.
The committee appointed to receive the collections made by Presbyteries
made report, that they received —
From Dutchess county Presbytery,
" New York "
" New Brunswick " -
« Philadelphia "
" New Castle " -
" Lewes " . -
" Carlisle " -
" Baltimore " . -
" Redstone " -
" Lexington « - -
" Hanover " -
" South Carolina "
" Orange " -
" Abingdon « - .
Total sum.
The Synod ordered a list of all the congregations to be printed, which have
made collections, specifying the collections made by each of them.
The Synod considering that it will be necessary to print several pieces for
the consideration of the churches, which are of the highest importance to
them, agreed to appoint a collection to be made in all the congregations under
their care, and do hereby order the respective I'resbytcries to take order that
this be put duly in execution, and to bring up their c<illections to next Synod.
Mr. Armstrong was added to the committee for preparing selections from the
minutes, to be printed.
£0 19
7
24 14
2
27 6
6
21 4
3
14 6
6
3 10
0
20 15
1
16 16
10
1 12
6
15 6
7
18 19
3
0 0
0
7 10
11
0 0
0
£173 2
2
1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 539
The following was brought in by the committee of overtures :
*' The Creator of the world having made of one flesh all the children of men,
it becomes them as members of the same family, to consult and promote each
other's happiness. It is more especially the duty of those who maintain the
rights of humanity, and who acknowledge and teach the obligations of Chris-
tianity, to use such means as are in their power to extend the blessings of equal
freedom to every part of the human race.
" From a full conviction of these truths, and sensible that the rights of
human nature are too well understood to admit of debate, Overtured, that the
Synod of New York and Philadelphia recommend, in the warmest terms, to
every member of their body, and to all the churches and families under their
care, to do every thing in their power consistent with the rights of civil society,
to promote the abolition of slavery, and the instruction of negroes, whether bond
or free."
The consideration of the above overture was postponed until Monday, the
28th, at eleven o'clock, A. M.
The committee appointed to settle the accounts of Dr. Witherspoon, the
treasurer of the Synod, made report, that Dr. Witherspoon has not his vouchers
on the spot, but is ready at any time to settle his accounts. The Synod finding
it will be more convenient to have a treasurer living where Synod usually
meets, appointed Isaac Snowden, Esquire, treasurer; and appointed him to set-
tle with their late treasurer.
Drs. Smith, McWhorter, and Duffield, Messrs. Powers, Casson, Kerr, Simp-
son, John B. Smith, Templeton, and Balch, were appointed a committee to
make arrangements to divide this Synod into three.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
28;/i May^ 1787. Synod met according to adjournment. Vbi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Read, Smith, King, and McKnight.)
Agi'eeably to the order of the day, the Synod proceeded to the further con-
sideration of the draught of a plan of government and discipline.
The affair of representation from vacant congregations was now resumed, and
after considerable time spent thereon, the question was put, Shall it stand as in
the draught ? and was carried in the affirmative.
The Synod having gone through the consideration of the draught of a plan
of government and discipline. Dr. Rodgers, Dr. McWhorter, Mr. Miller, and
Mr. Wilson, junior, were appointed a committee to have a thousand copies
thereof printed as now amended, and to distribute them among the Presby-
teries for their consideration, and the consideration of the churches under their
care.
The Synod took into consideration the last paragraph of the twentieth chapter
of the Westminster Confession of Faith ; the third paragraph of the twenty-
third chapter; and the first paragraph of the thirty-first chapter; and having
made some alterations, agreed that the said paragraphs, as now altered, be
printed for consideration, together with the draught of a plan of government
and discipline. The Synod also appointed the above named committee to revise
the Westminster Directory for public worship, and to have it when thus revised,
printed, together with the draught, for consideration. And the Synod agreed,
that when the above proposed alterations in the Confession of Faith shall have
been finally determined on by the body, and the Directory shall have been re-
vised as above directed, and adopted by the Synod, the said Confession thus
altered, and Directory thus revised and adopted, shall be styled, " The Confes-
540 MNUTES OF THE SYXOD OF [1787.
sion of Faith, and Directory for public worsbip, of the Presbyterian Church in
the United States of America."
It was agreed to reconsider the two votes passed last Saturday afternoon, the
one ordering the list of the congregations which have made collections to be
printed, and the other ordering new collections to be raised this year, and they
were both reversed.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clocl-, P. M. Synod met according to adjournment. Vhi post prcces
sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Balch and Irwin.)
Mr. Matthew Tate, a probationer, under the care of New Castle Presbytery,
having an intention to take a journey through the southern states, and to be a
considerable time absent, requested, that if it be consistent with the rules of this
Synod, he may be allowed to be taken upon trials for ordination in the Presby-
tery to which he belongs, and ordained before he sets out. The Synod remitted
the affair to the Presbytery of New Castle, with liberty to said Presbytery to do
therein as they shall see cause.
The Synod taking into consideration the overture concerning slavery, trans-
mitted by the committee of overtures last Saturday, came to the following judg-
ment :
" The Synod of New York and Philadelphia do highly approve of the
general principles in favour of universal liberty, that prevail in America, and
the interest which many of the states have taken in promoting the abolition of
slavery ; yet, inasmuch as men introduced from a servile state to a partici-
pation of all the privileges of civil society, without a proper education, and
without previous habits of industry, may be, in many respects, dangerous to the
community, therefore they earnestly recommend it to all the members belong-
ing to their communion, to give those persons who are at present held in
servitude, such good education as to prepare them for the better enjoyment of
freedom ; and they moreover recommend that masters, wherever they find
servants disposed to make a just improvement of the privilege, would give them
apecidium, or grant them sufficient time and sufficient means of procuring
their own liberty at a moderate rate, that thereby, they may be brought into
society with those habits of industry that may render them useful citizens ;
and, finally, they recommend it to all their people to use the most prudent
measures, consistent with the interest and the state of civil society, in the
counties where they live, to procure eventually the final abolition of slavery in
America."
Whereas, the doctrine of universal salvation and of the finite duration of hell
torments, has been propagated by sundry persons who live in the United States
of America, and the people under our care may possibly, from their occasional
conversation with the propagators of such a dangerous opinion, be infected by
the doctrine, the Synod take this opportunity to declare their utter abhorrence
of such doctrines as they apprehend to be subversive of the fundamental princi-
ples of religion and morality, and therefore earnestly recommend it to all tljcir
Presbyteries and members to be watchful upon this subject, and to guard against
the introduction of such tenets amongst our people.
The committee appointed to arrange this Synod into three, made report,
and after considering their report, the Synod agreed that the arrangement of
the Presbyteries under four Synods should, for the present, remain as deter-
mined last year.
Upon application from the Presbytery of New York, Mr. "Warford and Mr.
1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 541
Condit, were appointed by Synod to visit the vacancies in tlie bounds of that
Presbytery.
Resolved, that the division of the Synod be postponed until nest year, and
that the Synod be then divided.
The committee appointed to meet committees from the Reformed Dutch Sy-
nod and the Associate Synod made report, and delivered the minutes of the
convention of the committees of the three Synods which met in New York last
fall, which were read.
Ordered, That the treasurer pay the sexton sis pounds and two pence, for
his attendance and other expenses.
Synod was sorry to observe that so many members had withdrawn without
leave.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of nest May, to meet in the First
Presbyterian Church in this city at eleven o'clock, A. M. Concluded with
prayer.
1788.
PhUadelphia, May 2lst, 1788. Eleven o'clock, A. M.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met, according to adjournment, in
the First Presbyterian church. Uhi post jyreces sederunt
Of Suffolk Presbytery ; The Rev. Mr. Nathan Woodhull.
Of New York Presbytery : The Pi,ev. Dr. John Rodgers, and Rev. Messrs.
Jedidiah Chapman, and John McDonald.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Woodhull, James
F. Armstrong, William Boyd, and Walter Monteith.
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. James Sproat, George Duffield,
and John Ewing, and Rev. Messrs. Francis Peppard, Samuel Blair, James
Boyd, William Mackey Tennent, Nathaniel Irwin, Andrew Hunter, and Ashbel
Green.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James x\nderson, John Bur-
ton, and Nathan Grier.
Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. William McKee.
Of Carlisle Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Charles Nesbit, and Rev. Messrs.
James ^Martin, Robert Cooper, John Craighead, and John McKnight.
Of South Carolina Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. Robert Finley.
Elders : Mr. Eliphalet Chichester, Mr. Peter Richer, Mr. David Foreman,
Isaac Snowden, Esquire, Mr. Ferguson Mcllvaine, Mr. Joseph McCIane, Mr.
Hugh McCulloch, Mr. Alexander Fullerton, and Mr. Hugh Barclay.
Absent — Of Suffolk Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Buel, Noah
Westmore, Samson Occum, Benjamin Goldsmith, David Rose, Elam Potter,
Joshua Hart, and Joshua Williams.
Of Dutchess County Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Solomon
Mead, Wheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis, Samuel Mills, Blackleach Burret, John
Davenport.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Timothy Jones, and Rev. Messrs.
Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmer, Hugh Knox, D. D., Abner Brush, Benjamin
WoodruIF, Alexander McWhorter, D. D., Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, John Close,
Alexander Miller, William Woodhull, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William Schenck,
John Warford, John Joline, Andrew King, James Glassbrook.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, and Rev.
Messrs. Israel Read, John Hanna, Thomas Smith, Samuel S. Smith, D. D., Philip
Stockton, Joseph Rue, Joseph Clark, Peter Wilson, and James Muir.
542 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF ["1788.
Of Philadelpliia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, James "Watt,
and George Faitout.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Robert Smith, and Rev. Messrs.
William IMcKennan, Colin McFarquhar, James Latta, John ^IcCreary, Alex-
ander Mitcliel, Thomas Read, Thomas Smith, Daniel Jones, William R. Smith,
Nathaniel W. Semple, James JIunroe, and John E. Finley.
Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr John ]\lillcr, Rev. Dr. Matthew Wil-
son, and Rev. Messrs. Jacob Kerr, John Rankin and Samuel McMasters.
Of Baltimore Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. James Hunt,
John Slemmons, Patrick Alison, D. D., Isaac S. Keith, Stephen Balch, and
George Luckey.
Of Carlisle Presbytery : the Rev. ^Messrs. John Elder, John Hoge, Hugh
McGill, Robert McMordie, James Lang, John King, Hugh Vance, Thomas
McFerrin, Robert Davidson, D. D., John Black, Samuel Dougal, John Lynn,
Samuel Waugh, David Beard, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Steven, James
Johnston, and John Johnston.
Of Redstone Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. James Finley,
John Clarke, Joseph Smith, John McMillan, James Power, Thaddeus Dod,
James Dunlap, and Samuel Barr.
Of Lexington Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. John Brown,
William Graham, James McConne^, Archibald Scott, Edward Crawford, John
Montgomery, Benjamin Erwin, William Wilson, Moses Hoge, and John McCue.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Richard Zauchy, John Todd,
James Waddel, William L-vine, John Blair Smith, James Mitchel, and John
D. Blair.
Of Orange Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Henry Patillo,
David Caldwell, Samuel iMcCorkle, James Hall, Robert Archibald, James Mc-
Kee, David Barr, Jacob Leake, and Daniel Thatcher.
Of Abingdon Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Charles Cum-
mings, Hezekiah Balch, John Cos.son, Samuel Doak, and Samuel Huston.
Of South Carolina Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Edmonds, John
Harris, Joseph Alexander, John Simpson, Thomas Reese, Thomas H. McCall,
James Tcmpleton, Francis Cummings, Robert Hall, and Robert Mecklin.
Of Transylvania Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. David Rice,
Thomas Craighead, Adam Rankin, Andrew McClure, and James Crawford.
The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. Chapman, the last year's moderator,
with a sermon from Ephcsians iv. 3, 4.
Mr. John Woodhull was chosen moderator, Mr. Armstrong was chosen clerk,
aud Mr. McDonald assistant clerk.
Messrs. Nathan Woodhull, Chapman, ]Monteith, Greene, Burton, McKee,
Craighead, and Robert Finley, ministers, with Messrs. Reikhart, Snowden, Ful-
lerton, Mcllvaine, and McCulloch, elders, were appointed a committee of over-
tures, to meet here to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, and afterwards on their
own adjournments.
Ordered, That the several Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow morn-
ing in writing ; and also a list of their members and of the probationers and
congregations under their care, agreeably to the order of last year.
Mr. Mitchell is now come; his reasons for not attending sooner, were sus-
tained.
The committee formerly appointed to revise the Synod book, and have it
bound new, and to insert the index and selections, not having yet accomplished
that business, were continued, and ordered to carry it into execution.
Testimonials of Mr. Marcus George, a probationer from the Presbytery of
Londonderry, in Ireland, accompanied with such corroborating evidence as is
in such cases required by Synod, were laid before the Synod and approved.
1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 543
and leave was given to Mr. George to put himself under the care of any Pres-
bytery he may choose in the bounds of the Synod.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer
Thursday, May 22(7. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Rue and Dr. McWhorter were now come ; their reasons for not attending
sooner, were sustained.
SuflFolk Presbytery reported, that they have ordained Mr. Thomas Russel to
the work of the gospel ministry, and to the pastoral charge of Westhampton ;
that they have ordained Mr. Wait Cornwell, sine titulo ; have licensed Mr. Asa
Hillyer to preach the gospel ; and received the Rev. Mr. Aaron Woolworth,
ordained by a council ; that they have dismissed the Rev. Joshua Hart from the
pastoral charge of Smithtown ; and that the Rev. Mr. James Brown was
removed by death, May 9th, 1788.
New York Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained Mr.
Leiuuel Fordham to the work of the gospel ministry, in a regular charge ; that
they have dismissed Mr. James Wilson, sen., in order to his settlement at
Wilton, in South Carolina ; and also Mr. James Wilson, jun., in consequence
of his having accepted a call from a congregation in Charleston, South Carolina;
that they have received Mr. John Warford from the New Brunswick Presby-
tery ; and that Mr. James Thompson has withdrawn himself from them, and
returned to Britain ; and that Mr. John Moffat departed this life on the 22d of
last April.
New Brunswick Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained
Mr. Ira Condict to the work of the gospel ministry, and in the pastoral charge
of the congregations of Newton and Hardwick ; and have also ordained Mr. Asa
Dunham to the work of the gospel ministry, in the pastoral charge of the con-
gregations of Oxford and Mount Bethel ; that they have dismissed Mr. John
W^arford to join the Presbytery of New York ; and that Mr. John Guild and
Mr. Samuel Kennedy have departed this life since our last ; the former on the
tenth of last July. Mr. Condict being present took his seat in Synod.
Philadelphia Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, dismissed
Mr. John Johnson, to join Carlisle Presbytery, and Mr. William McKee to
join Lewes Presbytery ; and also Mr. James Snodgrass, a probationer under
their care, to put himself under the care of Carlisle Presbytery, in consequence
of his having accepted a call to a congregation within their bounds ; and that
they have deposed Mr. William Pickles from the ministerial office.
New Castle Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained Mr.
Nathan Grier to the work of the gospel ministry, in Brandywine congregation,
and have dismissed Mr. Matthew Tate, a probationer, to join such Presbytery
as he may choose. Mr. Grier being present took his seat in Synod.
Carlisle Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained to the
work of the gospel ministry, Mr. Samuel Wilson, in the pastoral charge of Big
Spring congregation, and Mr. Hugh Morrison, in the pastoral charge of Sun-
bury, Northumberland-town and Buffalo Valley ; and have received Mr. James
Snodgrass, from Philadelphia Presbytery, and ordained him to the work of the
gospel ministry, in the pastoral charge of Hanover congregation, and that they
have to lay before Synod the testimonials of Mr. Joseph Caldwell, a probationer
from the Presbytery of Root, in the kingdom of Ireland.
Mr. John D. Blair and Mr. Warford are now come; their reasons for not
attending sooner were sustained.
Mr. Cooper and Mr. Craighead were appointed a committee to examine the
544 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1788.
Presbytery book of Xew Brunswick, and Dr. Rodgers and Mr. William Boyd
to examine Philadelpliia Presbvtery book.
Ordered, That Dr. MeWhorter, Dr. Duffield, Mr. Armstrong, Mr. McKuigbt,
Mr. Finley, and Isaac Snowden, Esq., be a committee to select such parts of
the minutes of the last and present sessions of Synod, as they may judge will
be of general advantage to the church, and also to prepare a list of the minis-
ters, probationers, and congregations belonging to the Synod ; distinguishing
those congregations that have made collections, and specifying the sum raised
by each, for the purpose of printing the draught of the form of government,
&c., and for defraying other synodical expenses, and to report the whole, pre-
pared for printing, to the Synod, for their concurrence, on Saturday morning.
The committee appointed to meet the Presbytery of Suffolk, on the subject
of their letter, signifying a desire to withdraw from the Synod, reported that
they met the Presbytery at the time and place fixed on by the Synod, and con-
versed the subject over with them, with the greatest freedom, candour, and
amity, and that in consequence of said free and amicable conference, the Pres-
bytery agreed to withdraw their request, as may more fully appear by the fol-
lowing minute of said Presbytery, viz :
" The Presbytery of Suffolk met at Brook Haven, April 8th, 1788, according
to appointment ; entered upon the consideration of the petition sent to the
Reverend Synod of New York and Philadelphia, at their last sessions, requesting
a dismission from their body j and, after deliberating on it, came to the follow-
ing conclusion, viz., to withdraw the petition. And appointed the Rev. Messrs.
Noah Wetmore and Nathan '\Voodhull, to attend the Reverend Synod at their
next meeting at Philadelphia, and present this minute to the moderator of Synod,
and transact any other business as may be found necessary by them as the
representatives of this Presbytery. A true copy of the minute of Presbytery.
" Attested by David Rose, Clerk."
Ordered, That the appointment of the present treasurer to settle the accounts
of the late treasurer be continued, and that he make report to Synod.
Mr. Warford has not complied with the order of last Synod, appointing him,
at the request of New York Presbytery, to supply the vacancies within their
bounds. Mr. Condict was prevented by w'ant of health.
A petition from the Rev. Dr. Wilson, detained from Synod through bodily
indisposition, respecting the draught of the form of government, &c., was pre-
sented and read. Ordered, that it lie on the table.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
22(7 dai/, three o'clock, P. M. Post j^^'f^ccs sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery of Carlisle laid before Synod the testimonials of Mr. Jo-
seph Caldwell, a probationer from the Presbytery of Root, in the kingdom
of Ireland, accompanied with the corroborating evidence required by Synod,
which were approved, and the Presbytery were allowed to take him under their
care.
Mr. Glassbrook is now come ; his reasons for not attending sooner were
sustained.
Memorials from some members of Orangedale congregation, of New York
Presbytery; from the united congregations of Slate Ridge, and Chnnccford con-
gregations, of lialtimore Presbytery; and from New Providence congregation,
of Orange Presbytery, respecting the draught of the form of government, &c.,
were brought in and read, and ordered to lie on the table.
Testimonials of IMr. Kdward Conn, a probationer from the Presbytery of
Temple Patrick, in Ireland, accompanied by such corroborating evidence as is
required by Synod, were laid before Synod, by the l*resbytery of Baltimore,
1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 545
and were deemed satisfactory, but as Mr. Conn was not present, the Synod
refer him to that Presbytery, and allow them to receive him, as a probationer,
under their care, if, after free conversation with him, they shall find their way
clear.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
23c? day, (^Friday, ^ nine o'cloclc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Samuel Stanhope Smith, Mr. Thomas Read, Mr. Jacob
Kerr, Mr. Templeton, and Dr. Scott, Mr. Monteith's elder, are now come; their
reasons for not attending sooner were sustained.
Agreeably to the order of the day. Synod proceeded to the consideration of a
draught of the form of government and discipline of the Presbyterian Church
in the United States of America, and having made considerable progress
therein.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
23c? day, three o'docJc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Templeton was added to the committee appointed to select and prepare
for printing, &c.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught of the form of government,
&c., and went through several sections.
Mr. Nathan Grier and his elder had leave to go home.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
24:th day, (^Saturday,^ nine o'clock, A. 11. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught, and made considerable
progress.
Adjourned till nine o'clock on Monday. Concluded with prayer.
26th day, nine o'clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A petition from the inhabitants of Norfolk in Virginia, of the Presbyterian
persuasion, was presented and read, praying the Synod to take them under their
care, and to appoint a minister of their body to supply them for one year, for
which they promise to pay him one hundred and thirty pounds, specie, Vir-
ginia currency, to defray the necessary expenses of his journey, and to make
every thing as agreeable to him as their circumstances will admit. In answer
to which the Synod order Dr. Witherspoon to recommend to Mr. Muir, a mem-
ber of New Brunswick Presbytery, to repair to Norfolk as soon as convenient,
and to supply that people agreeably to their request.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught; and made considerable
progress.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
26;7i day, three o'clock, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
An appeal from a judgment of Philadelphia Presbytery, by Mr. Samuel
Blair, was brought in. Ordered, that it be taken into consideration at nine
o'clock to-morrow morning.
Ordered, To proceed in the consideration of the draught ; and also of the
proposed amendments of the Confession of Faith, and having finished the
same,
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
69
546 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1788.
TJtTi day, Tuesday, nine o'clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Martin obtained leave to go home. ,
Agreeably to the order for the day, the Synod proceeded to consider Mr.
Blair's appeal from a judgment of Philadelphia Presbytery, by which he con-
ceives himself aggrieved, and prays that it may be rescinded or erased from the
records, and after some debate on the subject.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
21 th day, three d'cloclc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod resumed the consideration of Mr. Blair's appeal and request, and
after a full and free deliberation on the subjec*", the question was put, "erase
or not," and was carried in the negative by a large majority. And on further
consideration of the subject, it was moved and seconded, and on the question
being put was carried in the affirmative, and ordered, that the following resolu-
tion be entered on the register of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, viz :
" Though the Synod highly commend the zeal discovered by the Presbytery
of Philadelphia for the preservation of the truth ; yet, on considering the whole
affair, they cannot approve of the form of their proceedings, which are irregu-
lar, both in making inquiry by private conversation in their Presb3'tcrial capa-
city, and also in putting proceedings of that nature on record, and therefore
remit to the Presbytery to commence a regular process if they shall find
ground for it, and recommend it to ^Ir. Blair to give every reasonable
satisfaction to his brethren, and not to injure his character by unnecessary
reserve."
Dr. Scott obtained leave to go home.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2S)ih day, Wednesday, nine o^ clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Peppard obtained leave to go home.
The Synod having fully considered the draught of the form of government
and discipline, did, on a review of the whole, and hereby do ratify and adopt
the same, as now altered and amended, as the Constitution of the Presbyterian
Church in America, and order the same to be considered and strictly observed
as the rule of their proceedings, by all the inferior judicatories belonging to the
body. And they order that a correct copy be printed, and that the Westmins-
ter Confession of Faith, as now altered, be printed in full along with it, as
making a part of the constitution.
Resolved, That the true intent and meaning of the above ratification by the
Synod, is, that the Form of Government and Discipline and the Confession of
Faith, as now ratified, is to continue to be our constitution and the confession
of our faith and practice unalterable, unless two thirds of the Presbyteries un-
der the care of the General Assembly shall propose alterations or amendments,
and such alterations or amendments shall be agreed to and enacted by the Gen-
eral Assembly.
Mr. Nathan Woodhull and his elder obtained leave to go home.
Ordered, To enter on the consideration of the draught of a directory for the
•worship of God, reported by the committee appointed for that purpose the last
year, and made some progress.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
28<^ day, three d clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught of a directory, and made con-
BJderable progress.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 547
29th day, Thursday, nine oWock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Monteith, who has gone home without leave.)
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught of the directory, and made
considerable progress.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Smith, and the moderator, were appointed a committee
to revise the chapter of the draught of the directory, respecting the mode of
inflicting church censures, and to lay it, as by them revised, before the General
Assembly at their first meeting, to be by them considered and finally enacted.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
29/7t day, three o'docJc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed to the further consideration of the draught of the
directory.
The Synod appointed Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Smith, and the moderator, a com-
mittee to revise that part of the draught which respects public prayer, and
prayers to be used on other occasions, and to prepare it for printing with the
constitution.
The Synod having now revised and corrected the draught of a directory for
•worship, did approve and ratify the same, and do hereby appoint the said
directory, as now amended, to be the directory for the worship of Grod in the
Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. They also took into
consideration the Westminster Larger and Shorter Catechisms, and having
made a small amendment of the larger, did approve, and do hereby approve and
ratify the said Catechisms, as now agreed on, as the Catechisms of the Presby-
terian Church in the said United States. And the Synod order, that the said
Directory and Catechisms be printed and bound up in the same volume with
the Confession of Faith and the Form of Government and Discipline, and that
the whole be considered as the standard of our doctrine, government, discipline,
and worship, agreeably to the resolutions of the Synod at their present sessions.
Ordered, That Dr. Dufficld, Mr. Armstrong, and Mr. Green, be a committee
to superintend the printing and publishing the above said Confession of Faith
and Ciitechisms, with the Form of Government and Discipline, and the Directory
for the Worship of God, as now adopted and ratified by the Synod, as the Con-
stitution of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, and that
they divide the several parts into chapters and sections properly numbered.
On motion resolved, that Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Smith, Messrs. John Wood-
hull, Armstrong, and Monteith, be appointed, and they are hereby appointed
delegates on behalf of this Synod, to meet in convention with delegates from
the Low Dutch Reformed Synod, and the Associate Reformed Synod, in the
city of New York on the first Thursday of next October.
The treasurer reported, that he has received from the members of Synod at
their present meeting, the sum of four pounds, two shillings and six pence.
Ordered, That the treasurer pay to the stated clerk the sum of six pounds for
transcribing the minutes of the last year and of this, and to the janitor for
his service in attending on Synod, and other expenses, three pounds fourteen
shillings.
Ordered, That the corporation of the widows' fund have leave to publish at
the back of the Constitution and Directory, the rules necessary for the informa-
tion of young ministers who may become contributors to that institution.
Resolved unanimously. That this Synod be divided, and it is hereby divided
into four Synods, agreeably to an act made and provided for that purpose in
the sessions of Synod in the year one thousand seven hundred and eighty-six ;
and that this division shall commence on the dissolution of the present Synod.
548 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF, &c. [1788.
Resolved, That tlie first meeting of the General Assembly, to be constituted
out of the above said four Synods, be held, and it is hereby appointed to he
held on the third Thursday of May, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-
nine, in the Second Presbyterian church in the city of Philadelphia, at eleven
o'clock, A. M., and that Dr. Witherspoon, or in his absence, Dr. Rodgcrs, open
the General Assembly with a sermon, and preside till a moderator be chosen.
Resolved, That the Synod of New York and New Jersey meet on Wednesday
the twenty-ninth day of next October, in the First Presbyterian church in the
city of New York, at three o'clock, P. M. and that the present moderator, or
in his absence the senior minister present, open the Synod with a sermon, and
preside till a moderator be c-hosen.
Resolved, That the Synod of Philadelphia meet on the third Wednesday of
October next, in the First Presbyterian church in the city of Philadelphia, at
eleven o'clock, A. M., and that Dr. Ewing, or in his absence the senior min-
ister present, open the Synod with a sermon, and preside till a moderator be
chosen.
Resolved, That the Synod of Virginia meet on the fourth Wednesday of
October next, at eleven o'clock, A. M. at New Providence church, and that
Mr. Zanchy, or in his absence, the senior minister present open the Synod with
a sermon, and preside till a moderator be chosen.
Resolved, That the Synod of the Carolinas meet on the first Wednesday of
November nest, at eleven o'clock, A. M. at Centre Church, in Roan county,
and that Mr. Patillo, or in his absence, the senior minister present, open the
Synod with a sermon, and preside till a moderator be chosen.
The Synod was then dissolved. Concluded with prayer.
POSTSCRIPT
The editor feels it to be a matter of justice to himself to remark, that with
all the care he could exercise, an entire uniformity in the spelling of proper
names could not be preserved. The minutes were written by various hands,
and contain a much greater variation in this respect than is observable in the
copy here presented. The manuscript was oftentimes very diificult to be
deciphered, and yet it is to be hoped that no material error has occurred in
passing the work through the press. W. M. E.
THE END.
INDEX.
ABINGDON, PRESBY. OF, 510, 522, 525, 536,
537.
Abington, congregation of, 106, 171, 174,
498.
Abington, Presby. of, 246, 250, 258, 263, 268,
270, 273, 274, 275, 277.
Abrabam, Isaac, 390.
Absentee Members :
absence witbout leave not allowed,
16, 31, 102, 107, 115 seq.
reasons for absence required, 9, 11, 14,
16, 25, 67, 93 seq.
reasons for absence sustained or not
sustained, 9, 11, 21 seq.
to be dropped from roll, 307, 323.
presbyteries warned about, 481, 509.
may be treated as withdrawing from
tiie body, 190, 226, 307.
See also Roll.
Acts :
power to pass, asserted, 68.
protest against, 68.
protest withdrawn, 74.
Adams, Mr. John, 480.
Adjourned meeting, alteration of time of,
472.
Admission sermons, 18, 21, 36.
Admonition, 25, 35, 111, 115.
Adopting Act, of 1729, 94, 98, 109, 114, 115,
123, 126, 127, 160, 202, 233, 494, 498.
reaffirmed, 159, 286.
Adopting Act, of 1788, 546, 547.
Affinity, degrees of, 300, 309.
Africa, negro missionaries to, 456, 458.
Aikin, Mr. Joseph, 341.
Airs. See Ayres.
Aitken, Eobert, .500, 503. 538.
Albany, N. Y., church in, 302, 308, 372, 375,
379, 387, 388, 410, 470, 516, 526.
Albertis, Mr. John, 463.
Aldridge, Mr. Lucas, 496.
Alexander, Mr. Alexander:
complaint of, 442.
appeal of. 446, 447, 448.
Alexander, Mr. Amos, 472.
Alexander, Eev. David, 139, 143, 144, 149,
155.
Alexander, Mr. Francis, 343, 450.
Alexander, Eev. Joseph, 365, 375, 376, 390,
400, 401, 409, 450, 486, 496, 502, 504,
529, 542.
Alexander, Mr. Theophilua, 291, 294, 313,
365.
Alison, Eev. Francis, D.D., 130, 131, 1.35,
141, 143, 144, 150, 1.51, 155, 160, 161,
162, 163, 164, 166, 171, 172, 173, 176,
177, 181-186, 190-197, 199-202, 205,
206, 209, 211, 212-215, 217, 219, 220,
. 222, 224, 226-231, 285, 289, 290, 291,
293, 295, 296, 297, 300-304, 306, 308,
309, 311-316, 317, 320, 321.
Alison, Eev. Hector, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196,
199, 201, 203, 205, 209, 210, 211, 212,
214, 217, 220, 224, 229, 230, 285, 291,
298, 302, 306, 312, 314.
Alison, Eev. John, 201, 220.
Alison, Eev. Patrick, 351, 352, .357, 364, 377,
378, 388, 389, 390, 400, 404, 408. 412,
419, 422, 424, 436, 438, 444, 449, 457,
458, 473, 476, 477, 482, 485, 490, 491,
492, 494, 497, 501, 506, 514, 528, 542.
Alison, Mr. William, 394.
Allegheny Mountains :
stations beyond, 417.
supplies for, 459.
AUeine, " Alarm to the Unconverted," 429.
Allen, David, bequest of. 481.
Allen, Hon. William, 333, 341.
Allen, Mr. James, 351, 354.
Allen, Mr. Moses, 451.
Allen, Mr. Samuel, 297, 313, 400-402.
Allen, Eev. Timothy, 237, 239, 242, 244, 247,
250, 255, 259, 262, 263, 269, 272, 274,
277, 280, 285, 291, 298, 307.
Allentowu, Pa., congregation of, 397, 405,
479.
Allison. See Alison.
Al ricks, Mr. Lucas, 531.
Amboy, N. J., town of, 138.
Amendments to Constitution, 546.
Amendments to plan of union, 1758, 203,
231, 232.
Anderson, Eev. James (Donegal Presb.),17.
18, 21, 25, 26, 30, 31, 34, .35, 38, 42, 48,
49, 50, 51, .55, 59, 62, 64, 69, 75, 78, 80,
82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 92, 93, 96, 97, 99, 100,
101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143,
147, 149, 1.56.
estate of, 191, 193, 195.
Anderson, James, of London, England, 63.
Anderson, James (Suifolk Presb.), 341.
Anderson, Mr. John, 291.
Anderson, Eev. James (New Castle Presb.),
352, 375, 379, 389, 399, 424, 425, 429,
436, 444, 449, 461, 471, 476, 480, 482,
486, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 515, 517,
527, 528, 541.
Andrews, Eev. Jedediah, 9, 10, 11, 14, 17,
18, 21, 25, 30, 31, 32, 34, 38, 42, 48, .50,
52. 55, 56, 59, 64, 69, 75, 77, 78, 80, 82,
85. 88, 92, 96, 99, 101, 103, 104, 105,
106, 107, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 150,
155, 161, 165, 171, 177, 184.
Anson County, N. C, 387.
Anthems, singing of, on the Lord's Day,
260.
549
550
INDEX.
Aiitriin, Prcsb. of, Ireland, 127.
A[)i)alachiaii Mountains, people of, 510.
Apoqniniuiy, peojile of, 11, 12, 34, 164.
Appetil, ri<;lit of, 74.
connnitlec appointed, 311.
Appeals and complaints:
Alexander, Alexander, 442.
Bav, Andrew, 340.
Beard, John, 429.
Bell, Hamilton, 175.
Boyd, .lohn, 121.
Caidwell, Thomas, 98.
Duffield, William, Jr., 494.
Edmistou, William, 332, 348.
Emmitt, Abraham, et al., 56.
Harkcr, Samuel, 333.
Jones case, 91.
Kettletas, Abraham, 311.
Lawrence, John, 373.
McClelland, Elizabeth, 320, 321.
Mabafly, Andrew, 331.
Tennent, Jane, 394.
Tenuent, William, 127.
Walton, John, 70.
Zury, Joseph, 456.
Appendix, to Synod's minutes, 440, 448.
Arbitration, 92, 96, 359, 475.
Archbold, Eev. Andrew, 107, 109, 112,
124.
Archibald, Rev. Robert, 476, 486, 494, 496,
502, 515, 542.
Ardstraw, parish of, in Ireland, 211.
Arman, Mr. William, 401. /
Armitage, ]\Ir. Enoch, 132.
Armour. j\Ir. Robert, 437.
Armstrong, Mr. Eraucis, 344.
Armstrong, Rev. James Francis, 477, 480,
482, 484, 485, 469, 492, 496, 501, 506,
514, 516, 528, .529, 5.38, 541, 542, 544.
Armstrong, Mr. Thomas, 313.
Arrears, minister's salary, 132.
debts, congregation'.s, 145.
Arthur, Rev. Thomas, 235, 236, 237, 239,
240, 242, 244.
Assistance, synodical, for presbytery, 213.
Assistant ministers, 104, 106.
Assistants for congregational work, .37, 41.
Associate Presbvterv, The, 416, 436, 437,
442, 460, 478, 488.
Associate Reforme<i Church, 524, 541, 547.
Associate Reformed Synod, 508, 518, 521,
522.
Astrology, judicial, 91.
Atkin River. 210.
Augusta County, Va., 237, 388.
Augusta Fort, 405.
Autonomy, ]>resbyterial, 319, 321.
Avery, Dr., of I.,ondon, England, 300.
Averv, Mr. Joseph, 412.
Ayre's, Rev. Enos, 240, 242, 244, 247, 2.50,
251, 258, 2.59, 263, 270, 277, 285, 291,
298, 307, 313, 342.
BACK COUNTRY, pulpit supplies for, 212.
Bacon, Rev. John, 378, 390, 400, 401, 406,
407, 411.
Bailey, Mr. Elias, 351, 369, 400.
Baird. See Beard.
Baker's Settlement, 226.
Balch, Rev. Hezekiah. 390, 401, 409, 449,
4.55. 4.58, 461, 462, 489, 493, 510, 515,
528, 542.
Balch, Rev. Hezekiah James, 378, 394, 399
401, 409, 450.
Balch, Mr. James, licentiate, 531, 536, 537.
Balch, Rev. Stephen, 491, 496, 498, 501.
506, 515, 523, 528, 542.
Bald Eagle Settlement, Pa., 4.54.
Baldwin, Eev. Moses, 291, 298, 307, 333,
348.
Baldwin, Mr. Nehemiah. 341, 348.
Ball, Rev. Eliphalet, 259, 269, 277, 280, 285,
291. 298, 307, 331, 351, 367, 373, 374,
377, 401, 4] 7, 424, 436, 461.
Ball, Mr. Nathaniel, 461.
Baltimore Co., Md,. 39, 387.
Baltimore Presb., formation of. 523.
Bangor Presb., Ireland, 101.
Baptism, form to be used, 255.
by impostor invalid, 249.
infant, 250, 260.
minors and slaves, 527.
parental qualifications, 115, 267, 527.
Baptisms, register of, 3.59.
Baptist Church. 91, 93.
Barclav, Mr. Hugh, 541.
Bard, Rev. David, 477, 489, 491, 492, 496,
528.
Barker, Mr. (Elder), 341.
Barker. Rev. Nehemiah, 333, 341, 351, 364,
377, 390, 401, 425.
Barlow, Revision of Dr. Watts' Psalms,
535.
Barnegate, N. J., 326.
Barnet, Mr. William, 313, 314.
Barr, Eev. David, 4b6, 494, 496, 502, 503,
515, 542.
Barr, Rev. Samuel, 507, 511, 516, 526, 528,
530, 542.
Barret, Rev. , 471.
Basis of representation, 524.
Basking Ridge, N. J., congregation of, 104,
106, 138. 145.
Bay, Eev. Andrew, 2.36, 238, 239, 242, 244,
247, 250, 259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285,
291, 297. 306. 314, 3.32, 334, 351. 355,
356, 361, 364, 367, 375, 377, 379, 387,
388, 389, 390, 400, 404, 410. 411, 412,
415, 450, 451. 454. 461, 46.3, 474, 475.
case of, 340, 342. 343, 348, 349.
Bay, Rev. Joseph, 411.
Bayard, Col. John, 324, 425, 429, 432, 441,
484, 501, 528, 529, 531.
Bavlev, Mr. Robert, 463, 497.
Beard" Rev. David, 501, 506, 515, 542.
Beard. Rev. John, 306, 307. 313, 318, 323.
334, 341, 343, 351, 356, 357, 358, 360.
366. .371. 383. 390. 400, 411.
case of, 425, 429, 439.
Beard, Mr. Thomas, 4.36.
Beart. Mr. Elisha. 461.
Beatty, Eev. Charles, 233. 235, 236, 237,
242, 244, 247, 250, 2.58, 263, 270. 280,
28.5. 288, 291, 294. 29.5, 296, 297, 301.
303, 306, 310. 313, 315, 322, 323, 326.
333, 334, 335, 336, .3.37, 340, 341. ol.'^.
351, 353, 3.56, .362, 364, 365, 366, 367,
369, 371, 374, 376, 377, 3i)0, 400, 402,
404, 405, 406, 410, 415, 416, 420, 424,
437.
missionarv iourney, 362, .369, 375.
Bedford Churcii. N. Y.. 388. 5.30.
Bedford, Mr. Gunning, 297, 300, 313, 314,
322, 323, 324. 391, 482.
INDEX.
551
Bedminster Church, N. J., 274, 279, 479.
Belcher, Mr. , 341.
Belfast Presbytery (Irelaudj, 516.
Bell, Mr. Xathaniel, :i")l
Bell, Eev. Hamilton, 149, 164, 165, 172.
case of, 175, 178.
Bergen. Mr. John, 496
Berkshire Association (New Eug.), 405.
Bertram, Rev. William, 101, 103. 107, 112,
122, 130, 136, 143, 149, 161, 165, 172,
177, 184.
Bethel Church (Xew Castle Presby.), 507
Bethel Church, N. C, 346, 374, 387, 503.
Bethlehem Church, N. Y., 119, 120, 122.
Bewel. See Buel.
Bible, Aitken edition, 500, 503, 538.
fund for distribution, 269, 429, 500,
503, .506, 538.
reading of, on Lord's Day, 10, 11.
Biggams, Mr. James, 515.
Big Spring, Pa., 331, 543.
Bills and Overtures, committee on, 17, 49,
51, 55, 57, .58, 59, 60, 61, 65, 66, 67,
68, 69, 75, 262, .323, 393, 394, 401, 412,
419. 425, 438, 451, 453, 462, 464, 472,
477, 479, 480, 481, 483, 486, 488, 489,
493, 497, 499, 502, 506, 515, 529, 539,
• 542.
Birmingham, 61, 68.
Births, register of, 359.
Black, Eev. James, 400, 451.
Black, Rev. John, 450, 471, 472, 477, 489,
492, 493, 494, 496, 497, 501, .506, 515,
528, 542.
Black, Rev. Samuel, 1.30, 135, 143, 149, 161 ,
164, 172, 177, 184, 190, 197, 199, 201,
205, 209, 211, 214, 220, 224, 230, 285,
289, 291, 292, 298, 307, 314, 341.
Bladensburg, Md., 274, 361.
Blair, Rev. John, 233, 235, 236, 238, 239,
242, 244, 247, 251, 259, 263, 270, 277,
280, 285, 291, 296, 297, 306, 307, 311,
313, 314, 315, 320, 322, 32.3, 324, 334,
335, 340, 341, 344, 351, 353. 355, 356,
364, 366, 367, 374, .375, 377, 378, 380,
381, 386, 390, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400,
402, 406, 410, 412, 416, 419, 425.
Blair, Rev. John D., 516, 529, 542, 543.
Blair, Rev. Samuel (East Jersey Presb.),
109, 112, 114, 122, 123, 130, 131, 135,
141, 143, 148, 1.50, 154, 155, 156, 233,
234, 235, 236, 238, 2.39, 240, 242.
Blair, Rev. Samuel (Lancaster Presb.), 342,
352, 360, 365, 460, 463, 486, 492, 496,
498, 501, 506, 514. 528, 541, 545, 546.
Blaith, Mr. Benjamin, 390.
Blaith, Rev. (Hanover Presb.), 390.
Bloomfleld, Dr., 377, 378, 379.
Blydenburgh, Mr. John, 425.
Boggs, Mr. Robert, 501, 504.
Bonds for funds, 88, 189, 2G2.
Bonnell, Mr. Benjamin, 306.
Book of Discipline. See Discipline.
Books, for public schools, 219.
religious, distribution of, 428, 429, 441,
452, 463, 476, 479.
Boston, Mass., 15, 16, 84, 149, 152, 155.
Association of. 187.
new erection, 99.
Bostwick, Rev. David, 235, 236, 238, 239,
244, 247, 250, 2.55, 256, 258, 259, 261,
262, 263, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 277,
278, 280, 281, 282, 285, 291, 297, 298,
306, 307, 309, 310, 311, 313, 322, 323,
324, 325, 331, 334.
Boundaries, adjustment of, 340.
Bound Brook, N. J., 138.
Bourne, Mr. Thomas, 322, 324, 364, 365, 383,
411, 412, 442, 471. 485.
Boyd, Rev. Adam, 80, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101,
103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 149,
155, 161, 164, 171, 177, 184, 190, 192,
194, 196, 199, 201, 205, 209, 211, 214,
220, 224, 230, 285, 291, 295, 297, 298,
300, 306, 308, 314, 322, 323, 334, 335,
341, 345, 353, 364, 377, 387, 390.
Boyd, Mr. James, 306.
Boyd, Rev. James, 365, 401, 408, 410, 414,
416, 419, 424, 429, 435, 436, 449, 458,
461, 465, 477, 480, 482, 486, 489, 491,
492, .501, 505, 514, 527. 528, 541.
Boyd, Dr. John (Elder), 403, 408, 426, 492.
Boyd, Rev. John, 9, 10, 11, 14.
Boyd, John, case of, 121, 124.
Boyd, Mr. Matthias, 436.
Boyd, Rev. William, 498, 503, 507, 515, 517,
528, 541.
Boyse, Rev. John (Dublin), 52, 53.
Brackenridge, Mr. Hugh M., 480, 483.
Bradford, Rev. Ebenezer, 462, 465, 476, 480,
490.
Bradner, Rev. Benoni, correspondent, 334,
338.
Bradner, Rev. John, 36, 38, 42, 48, 50, 55,
59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 85, 92, 95, 96, 97.
100, 101, 102, 103.
Brainerd, Rev. David, 235, 236.
Brainerd, Rev. John, 236, 237, 240, 244, 247,
248, 250, 258, 262, 269, 273, 277, 278
280, 285, 291, 294, 297, 299, 300, 304,
307, 308, 310, 311, 313, 316, 318, 322,
323, 324, 326, 333, 334, 335, 336, 339,
340, 341, 343, 347, 348, 350, 351. 353,
3.54, 356, 361, 366, 369, 371, 376, 377,
380, 331, 389, 392, 400, 405, 406, 412,
415, 416, 418, 424, 426,427, 429, 436,
440, 4150, 453, 461, 464, 471, 473, 476,
478, 480. 482, 483. 485, 487, 490.
Brandywine, Pa., 185, 4.58, 478, 530, 543.
Branon, Mr. Benjamin, 4.36.
Bratton, Rev. Thomas, 25, 31.
Brechin Presb., Scotland, 530.
Brewster, Mr. Francis, 313, 314, 318.
Briar Creek, Ga., 360, 374, 403, 417.
Briery River, Va., 403.
Britain, Church in, 290.
friends in, 187.
letter to, 55.
North, 194.
Brizben, Mr. William, 496.
Broad Creek, people of, 80.
Broad River, N. C, 360.
Brook Haven, N. Y., 517.
Brooks, Rev. Ebenezer, 462, 470, 472, 476,
479.
Brooks, Mr. John, 390.
Brown, Rev. David, 192, 194, 195.
Brown, Mr. George, 428.
Brown, Rev. James, 2.38, 242, 244, 247 250
259, 269, 277, 280, 285, 289, 291, 295'
297, .300, .307, .308, 333, 335, 341, 351,
364, 377, 390, 401, 424, 543.
Brown, Rev. John (Hanover Presb.), 259,
263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 289, 291, 292,
INDEX.
298, 307, 314, 341, 390, 400, 450, 485,
515, 523. 528, 542.
Brown, Kev. .Tohn (Lewiston Presb.), 390.
Brown, Mr. Thomas, 291.
Brown, Mr. William, 390.
Brown's Meeting- J louse, Va., 198, 200.
Brown's SLtlk'nuiit, Va., 226.
Brush, Eev. Abncr, 2K3, 291, 294, 297, 300,
307, 313, 322, 323, 331, 333, 335, 338,
341, 351, 352, 362, 364, 369, 377, 378,
379, 390, 400, 411, 424, 436, 450, 461,
476, 480, 482, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505,
515, 528, 541.
Brvan, Mr. Andrews, 457.
Bryan, Mr. George, 315, 317, 324, 326, 447,
449.
Buckingham, Md., 172.
Bucks Couutv, Pa., 176.
Buel, Eev. Samuel, 236, 242, 244, 247, 251,
258, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291, 298, 307,
333, 341, 351, 352, 365, 366, 367, 374,
377, 390, 401, 424, 541.
Buffalo, Pa., 473.
Buflalo Settlement, 199.
Buffalo Valley, Pa., 543.
Buffler's Settlement, X, C, 226.
Bullock's t.'reek, N. C, 360, 387, 418.
Bullskin, N. J., 387.
Bunnel, Mr. Benjamin, 351.
Burials, register of, 359.
Burley, Mr. John, 492.
Burling, Mr. John, 515.
Burnet, Dr. William, 377, 378, 379, 391, 411,
412, 414.
Burnet, Eev. Blackleech, 461, 525, 541.
Burnet, Eev. Matthias, 451, 462, 471. 476,
480, 496, 501, 505, 516.
Burr, Eev. Aaron, 136, 143, 149, 161, 164,
177, 202, 233, 235, 236, 237, 239, 242,
244, 247, 250, 258, 262, 269, 274, 277,
281.
Burrit. See Burnet.
Burton. Eev. John, 507, 510, 516, 526, 528,
529, 541.
Burvet. See Burnet.
Burying ground, 134.
Busii Eiver. N. C, 387
Business rules. 298, 302, 303, 304, 512.
Byram, Eev. Eliab, 233, 235, 236, 238, 239,
244, 247, 250, 259.
CALAMY, DR., 63.
Caldwell. Mr. David, 306, 308.
Caldwell, ]Mr. James, of Wicomico, Md., 33.
Caldwell, John. 138.
Caldwell, Joseph, probationer, 543, .544.
Caldwell, Eev. David, 334, 339, 346, 352, 353,
.354, 361, 390, 400, 449, 450, 455, 486,
502, 515, 542.
Caldwell, Eev. James, 306, 307, 311, 313,
314, .322, 323, 333, 334, 3.37, 341, 343,
346, 351, 356, 364, 365, .366, 367, 374,
377, 380, 381, 388, 390, 398, 3i)9, 400,
406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 412, 413, 414,
416, 419, 424, 426, 427, 429, 436, 4.37,
440, 441, 444, 4.50, 4.54, 4.56, 461, 471,
476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 489, 493.
Caldwell, Tliomas. case of, 98.
Calf Pasture Settlement, Va., 226.
Calls. See PdMoral Calln.
Calvinistic Dutch churches, 176.
Cameronians, 188.
Camp, Mr. Nathaniel, 364.
Camp, Mr. Samuel, 333.
Campbell, , Hanover Presb., 451.
Campbell, Eev. Benjamin, 103, 107, 112.
Campbell, Mr. Francis, 364.
Campbell, Mr. Patrick, 314, .322.
Campbell, E(-v. James (New Castle Presb.),
235, 236, 237 240, 244, 247, 250, 259,
263, 270, 277, 280, 281.
Campbell, Eev. James (Orange Presb.), 450,
451, 486, .503.
Campbell, Eev. John, 244, 247, 251.
Candidates for ministry :
attendance at Presb. and Synod, 325.
care of, by ministers, 309
certificate of Standing Committee to
take place of college diploma, 141,
142, 146.
clerk of Presbytery, 25.
college diploma, 141, 146, 465, 475, 499.
college education, 28, 141, 146.
Committee for examination, 22, 23, 141,
146, 183, 184, 198, 199, 204, 271, 278,
281, 282.
dismission of, 437.
education of, 28, 141, 167, 171, 17.5, 246,
265, 266, 269, 271, 278, 281, 282, 290,
305, 309, 319, 337, 338, 475, 499, 511,
512, 521.
examination and qualifications of, 17,
22, 23. 28, 32, 38, 39, 77, 110, 111, 115,
141, 142, 146, 148, 151, 154, 173, 183,
184, 198, 199, 202, 204, 243, 271, 278,
281, 283, 287, 310, 313, 317, 318, 319,
320, 321, 357, 475, 499, 504, 512, 514,
529.
examination by Synod or its Commis-
sion, 204.
exceptional cases, 289, 290.
experience examination, 310, 317, 318,
321.
first received, 18.
foreign, 119.
fund' for, 246, 265, 266, 269, 271. 276,
278, 281, 282, 290, 298, 314, 323, 342,
343, 419, 426, 4.38, 473, 484, 490, 494.
licensure, 338, 504.
ordination, 116, 150, 320.
plan for education. 419, 420, 438, 451.
preaching of, 135, 151, 153.
Presbytery to care for and recommend,
3.37.' 338,' 512.
Presbytery of New Castle ordered to
examine, 202.
private education, 153, 154.
reception of, .52, 110, 115, 119, 133.
regulations for, 337.
rejection of, 77.
seminary or school for, 170, 227.
Standing Committees to examine, 141,
142, 1.51, 154, 271, 278, 281, 282.
subscription to Confession, 94, 98, 116,
150, 287, 339.
supervision of, 25.
supplies, appointed as, 340, 387.
Synod as Committee of the Whole for
examination, 183, 184.
theology, course in, 512.
See also New Jersey. College of.
Canetuck, N. C, supplies for. 473.
Canterbury. Archbisliop of, 311, 312.
Cape May,"N. J., people of, 36, 237. 243, 245.
INDEX.
553
Captives among Indiaus, 312, 317.
Carl, Mr. John, 367.
Carlile, Eev. Hush, 112, 114, 122, 130, 135,
143,150, 155, 161.
Carlisle congregation, 297, 331, 345.
Carlisle Presbytery, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352,
356, 357, 372.
reestablished, 523.
Carmichael, Eev. John, 298, 302, 306, 307,
311, 313, 316, 318, 320, 322, 329, 333,
335, 341, 343, 351, 355, 364, 377, 378,
389, 400, 411, 412, 424, 426, 436, 440,
449, 455. 458, 464, 472, 474, 475, 476,
477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 499,
505, 516.
Carmichael, Mrs. John, 535.
Carmikle. See Carmichael.
Carolinas, the, supplies for, 210, 293, 311,
399, 403, 405, 432, 434, 439.
Carolinas, the. Synod of, 524, 548.
Carrick, Rev. Samuel, 514, 515, 516. .528.
Carthy's .Settlement, N. C, 403, 404.
Cartridge Creek, N. C, 403, 405.
Case, Eev. Wheeler, 352, 353, 377, 378, 379,
381, 401, 402, 424, 436, 461, 471, 528,
541.
Casson, Eev. John, 494, 502, 515, 528, 542.
Catawba, forks of, N, C, 374.
Catawba River, N. C, stations beyond, 210,
418.
Catechising, 111, 417, 418, 513, .532.
Catechism, Assembly's, 429
Catechism, Vincent's, 429.
Catechisms, Westminster, 94, 97, 98, 100,
102, 109, 110, 114, 127, 172, 195, 233,
245, 260, 286, 331, 344, 351, 409, 430.
547.
Cathcart, Eev. Eobert, 101, 103, 107, 112,
122, 129, 130, 131, 135, 143, 150, 155,
161, 164, 171, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194,
196, 199, 201, 205, 209, 2U.
Cather's Settlement, N. C, 226.
Cathy's Settlement, N. C, 346, 374, 387,
417, 4.54.
Catoba Eiver. See Gatmvba.
Caven, Eev. Samuel, 149, 150, 15.5, 161, 164,
172, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199.
Cedar Creek, Del., people of, 36.
Cedar Spring, Pa., congregation of, 38, 44,
237, 432.
Cemetery, 134.
Censors appointed, 118.
Censures. See Church censures.
Centre Church, Eoan Co., N. C, 548.
Centre. N. C, congregation of, 346, 360,
374, 403, 404.
Certificates, of approval, 184.
dismission, 92.
forged, 439.
foreign ministers, 25, 26, 31, 94, 99,
1.38, 200, etc.
ordination, 25, 109.
ofSynod to qualifications, 141, 142, 146.
Chalker, Isaac, 112, 114, 120, 122, 130, 136,
143, 149, 161, 165.
Chalmers, Mr. Alexander, 322.
Chanceford church. Pa., 544.
Chandler, Dr. Samuel, 3.33, 361.
Chaplain, 273, 275, 294, 295, 302, 477.
not to be pastor, 294.
ordination not sh}e titulo, 484.
Chapman, Eev. Jedediah, 352, 365, 377,
389, 390, 401, 410, 416, 421, 424, 436,
450, 454, 4()4, 471, 472, 476, 480, 489,
492, 496, 501, 505, 515, 528, 529, 541.
Charge to moderators, 341.
Charges referred by Synod back to Pres-
b.vtery, 156.
vague, 406.
Charitable contributions, 237.
Charity scholars, 513.
Charleston, S. C, church, 503, 530, 543.
mission to, 399.
Charlotte Co., N. Y., 470.
Chase. See Ca.se.
Chesuut, Eev. Benjamin, 244, 247, 250, 258,
263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 297, 304,
306, 307, 308, 311, 313, 316, 322, 326,
334, 341, 351, 361, 364, 367, 375, 378,
379, 389, 400, 404, 410, 424, 427, 436,
438, 440, 449, 461, 472,
Chesnut Level, Pa., 295, 300, 320, 398,
409.
school, 219, 227.
Chichester, Mr. Eliphalet, 541.
Children, baptism, 115, 527.
catechising. 111.
Divine Songs for. Dr. Watts, 429.
education of, 513. See also Baptism.
Chowan Co., N. C, supplies asked, 454.
Christian Knowledge. See Knowledge.
Christian Societies, organization of, 10,
11.
" Christian World, Address to," 429.
Christiana, Del., congregation of, 354, 435.
Christina Creek, N. C, 432.
Christine Bridge, Del., 346, 347.
Church censures, 115, 117, 339, 547. See,
also. Ministers, Polity, Repentance, Sen-
tence, Slander.
Church of England. See England.
Church of Scotland. See Scotland.
Churches, erection, contributions to, 134,
161, 201, 419.
inquiry as to condition, 25, 34, 39,
115.
records, .359.
temporalities, 249, 347.
trustees, 249.
Churches, 1787, list of, .531.
foreign, 336, 356, 364, 376. See, also,
Correspondence.
General Synod's authority over, 121,
122, 126,133, 134.
Citations, witnesses, 320, 318.
ministers, .396, 414, 442, 504.
Presbytery, 396.
Civil government, paper on, censured, 165
Civil magistrate, 95, 127, 237.
Clark, Mr. Daniel, 4.50.
Clark, Mr. John (Elder), 492.
Clark, Mr. William (Elder), 436, 438.
Clark, Mr. (N. Y. Presb.), 261, 267.
Clark, Eev. John, 298, 304, 306, 307, 311,
313. 316, 322, 3.34, 341, 348, 351, 364,
378, 389, 398, 399, 400, 403, 424, 437,
449, 460, 461, 471, 477, 480, 482, 48.5,
489, 491, 492, 494, 496, 502, 515, 528,
541, 542.
Clark, Rev. Joseph, 498, 507, 514, 528, 541.
Clark, Thomas, 149.
Clark's Forest, 387.
Clement, Eev. John, .52, .55, 56, 59, 64, 65, 69.
case of, 61, 62, 65, 66, 70.
554
INDEX.
Clerks-
Presbytery of Philadelphia :
1707, George McNish, 9.
1708,
1709, Joseph Smith, 14.
1710, John Ilaiuptou, 17.
1711, Jedidiah Audrcws, 21.
1712, David Evaus (a candidate),
25.
1713, James Anderson, 30.
1714, James Anderson, 34.
1715, David Evans, 38.
171H, James Anderson, 42.
Synod of I'hiladelphia :
1717, Eobert Wotherspoon, 48.
1718, Samuel Gelston, 50.
1719, Jedidiah Andrews, 55.
1720, Jonathan Dickinson, 59.
1721, David Evans, 64.
1722, David Evans, 69.
1723, Robert Cross, 75.
1724, Eobert Cross, 78.
1725, Jedidiah Andrews, 81.
1726, Joseph Webb, 62.
1727, Thomas Evans, 85.
1728, Adam Rovd, 88.
1729, Thomas Evans, 93.
1730, Joseph Houston, 96.
1731, Jedidiah Andrews, 100.
1732, Jonathan Dickinson, 101.
1733, Thomas Evans, 103.
1734, Daniel Elmer, 107.
1735, Kichard Treat, 112.
1736, John Thomson, 122.
1737, Thomas Evans, 130.
1738, Francis Alison, 136.
1739, Robert Cross, 143.
1740, Richard Treat, 150.
1741, Adam Bovd, 1.56.
1742, Francis Alison, 162.
1743, Francis Alison, 165.
1744, Alexander McDowell, 172.
1745, Alexander McDowell, 177.
1746, Timothv Grithth. 184.
1747, John Dick, 190.
1748, John Steel, 193.
1749, John Guild, 195.
1750, Joseph Tate, 197.
1751, Hector Alison, 199.
1752, Sampson Smith, 205.
1753, Richard Zanchy, 209.
17.54, Sampson Smith. 211.
1755, William Donaldson, 214.
1756, Sampson Smith, 220.
1757, Sampson Smith. 224.
17.58, Alexander Millar. 2.30.
Synod of New York :
174.5, Ebenezer Pemberton, 234.
1746, Samuel Finley, 235.
1747, Richard Treat, 236.
1748, John P.lair, 2.36.
1749, Samuel Finley. 2.38.
17.50, Thonnis Arthur, 240.
1750, Caleb Smith, 242.
1751, Eliivb Byram, 244.
17.52, Samuel Finley, 247.
17.53, David Bostwick, 251.
1754, Charles Beattv. 2.59.
17.55, Samuel Davies. 263.
17.56, Richard Treat, 270.
17-57, Richard Treat. 277.
1758, John Rodgers, 280.
Clerks-
Synod of Xew York and Philadelphia :
1758, Alexander McDowell, 2S5.
1759, John Blair, 291.
1760, Thomas Ewing, 298.
1761, John Rodgers, 307.
17(i2, George Duffield, 314.
1763, John Roan, 322.
1764, James Caldwell, 334.
1765, John Ewing, 341.
I-,.,, f Alex. McWhorter ) „.,
1 ( bo i T> • • rn 1 r , 3o2.
I Benjamin Talmage J '
,-,p_ f Wm. Kirki)atrick ) „/—
^'^' (Wm. Ramsey | ' 2^^-
1768 -I Jf • ^I«"tgomery |
I Wm. Ramsey J '
1769
f James Caldwell
( Patrick Alison
^„„„ I .Joseph Treat
!■
390.
401.
1771
1771
1775
I, 411
, 424.
,437.
461.
Jeremiah Halsey
< Azel Roe
( James Latta
,, — .-, f Elihu Spencer
"~ I James Caldwell
■,'—■> f Elihu Spencer
' ' i .Tames Caldwell
< George Duffield . .-^
( William Forster ' ' "^ "
I Joseph Treat
) Rdbert Cooper
,„„^ f William Forster ] .,-o
i Jedidiah Chapman j
.„„„ fl)r. John Ewing ] ,-.-
^"' ] Daniel ^IcCalla )''*"•
1778, Jeremiah Halsey, 480.
1779, George Duffield, 482.
1780, Alexander Mitchell, 486.
1781 |J^''*^^^"V'4"1^^'^';"|,489.
( Samuel S. Smith j '
f Nathaniel Irwin ) .qo
I Samuel S. Smith I '^^''^•
1782
,„oo I Nathaniel Irwin ] ,n~
1'^^ 1 John Black i'"^^''
1-q_4 f William Linn
"■ ] Nathaniel Irwin
,„„- f George Dufiield
50-.:
,506.
1786
515.
( Wm. Mackay Tennent
f William Tennent
I William Linn
^-o7 J .Tames F. Armstrong ) .„„
^'^' 1 James Wilson f ' '''^^•
1788, James F. Armstrong, 542.
Clerks, assistant, 322, 334, 341.
duties of, 58.
payment of, 112.
stated. See Stated Clerks.
Cleverly, Mr., 121.
Clingan, Mr. (Jeorce, 314.
Clingan, Mr. William, 426, 431.
Close, Rev. David, 425, 4.37, 461, 471.
Close, Rev. John, 353, 365, 375, 377, 381, 388,
390, 400, 104, 406, 412, 416, 424, 425,
426, 427, 438, 440, 4.50, 451, 464, 471.
476, 480, 482, 489, 492, 501, 505, 515,
528, 541.
Clove. See Close.
Coddle Creek, N. C, people of. 310. 387.
Cohanzy. N. J., 11, 14, 22, 27, 34, 35. 71, 72.
Coldin. Rev. Alexander, 10, 11.
Collections, Sessions to take up, 215. See,
also, Fninl, lurlion mixxions. New Jersey
College, and Widow's Futid.
INDEX.
555
College diplomas aud degrees, 141, 14G, 465,
475.
College of New Jersey. See Neio Jersey.
College of Philadelphia, 219, 227.
College, proposal for, 149, 151.
Collius, Mr. Joseph, 31.3.
Colonies, union of, 466, 468.
Commissions of Synod, early, 64, 68, 70,
71, 74, 76, 77, 79, 81, 82, 85, 86, 88, 93,
97. 100, 102, 103, 104, 107, 112, 113,
116, 117, 121, 122, 123, 124, 131, 136,
144, 149, 150, 151, 154, 160, 163, 164,
166, 172.
Synod of Philadelphia, 178, 184, 190,
"191, 192, 193, 195, 197, 199, 202, 205,
209, 210, 212, 214, 220, 223, 224, 229,
230.
Synod of New York, 234, 235, 236, 239,
243, 248, 251, 259, 263, 270, 278, 281.
After Eeuuion of 1758, 289, 290, 295,
300, 305, 308, 314, 323, 324, 335, 343,
353, 366, 379, 388, 391, 402, 403, 406,
412, 425, 426, 428, 438, 452, 457, 459,
463, 474, 477, 481, 482, 483, 486, 489,
493, 497.
See, also, Fund, and Eeimion of 1758.
Commissioner to Synod, chosen by session,
405.
Commissioners of Synod. See Commissions.
General Assembly, 524.
Scotch General Assembly, 98, 99.
Commissions, Judicial. See Judicial Com-
missions.
Committees, appointed by Presbytery, 17,
26, 34, 36, etc.
appointed by Synod, 86, 132, 295.
authority to call, 295.
powers of, 255.
See, also. Candidates, Fund, Indian
School, New Jersey College, Widows'
Fu)ul.
Committee meeting, authority to call, 295.
Communicants, religious experience, 110,
115.
Communion, church, 92.
free, with other churches, 245.
table linen, 99.
Complainants, rights of, 92.
Complaints, 25, 26, 92, 180, 388, 396, 403,
456. See, also. Appeals.
Conary, Mr. Thomas, 390, 397.
Condict, Eev. Ira, 516, 543.
Condit, Mr. Philip, 480.
Conestoga, Pa., German settlement, 227
Conference, committee of. New Side, 234,
275, 279, 282.
Old Side, 279, 282.
with ejected members, 162.
minutes of, 240, 241.
Confession of Faith, 91, 93, 94, 95, 195, 202,
205, 238, 239, 243, 286, 305, 338, 344,
539, 545, 546.
adoption, 94.
amendments, 539.
committee on, 539.
exceptions to, 95.
interpretation of subscription, 127.
subscription to, 91, 93. 94, 98, 102, 109,
114, 118, 127, 159, 160, 338.
Congregations, rights of, 292.
censured, 148.
division of, 12.
Congregations, expenses of delegates, 117.
free to choose pastors, 132.
irregular division, 84
list of, 453, 538, 542, 544.
meeting-houses, 84.
supplies for, 261.
transfer of, 108, 144, 332. 347, 393, 397,
409.
vacant, 135. See, also. Churches.
Congregational churches, 234, 374.
plan of union with, 374, 381.
Congress. See Continental Congress.
Conn, Mr. Edward, probationer, 544.
Conn, Eev. Hugh, 39, 42, 43, 48, 50, 55, 59,
64, 69, 75. 76, 78, 82, 85, 92, 96, 100,
101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 136, 143,
150, 161, 164, 209.
Connecticut, churches of, 364, 370, 371,
372, 373, 374, 381.
letter to, 13.
licentiate from, 398.
union with, 73, 76, 77, 79.
See, also. General Convention.
Consanguinity and marriage, 295, 309, 312.
Conscience, case of, 290, 294, 295, 312.
freedom of, 142, 321.
Constitution, Presbyterian Church U. S. A.,
68, 86, 94, 108, 160, 170, 245, 275, 286,
305, 460, 546, 547.
adopted, 546.
amendments to, 546.
committees on, appointed, 512, 547.
Constitution, Church of Scotland, 512.
Continental Congress, 464, 468, 471.
Continental Loan Office, 479, 487.
Contingent expenses. See Synod.
Controversial Publications, Committees
on, 118.
Contumacy, 66, 117, 531.
Convention. See General Convention.
Cookson, Thomas, Esq., 163.
Cooke, Mr. W., 492.
Cook's Creek, Va., congregation of, 206,
223, 225.
Cool Spring, Del., 289.
Coon, Mr. Thomas, 291.
Cooper, Eev. Robert, 342, 351, 352, 364, 376,
377, 381, 384, 389, 390, 393, 400, 401,
402, 411, 412, 419, 423, 436, 442, 440,
550, 461, 471, 472, 476, 480, 489, 492,
494, 495, 496, 501, 505, 515, 528, 541,
542.
Cooperation. See Congregational Churches,
Dutch Reformed, etc.
Co-pastor, 516.
Cornwell, Eev. Wait, ordained sine fittdo,
543.
Correspondence, committee of, 290, 295,
301, 302, 309, 315, 321, 336, 343, 353,
354, 355, 356, 364, 374, 376, 397.
plan of, 343, 355.
Corresponding members, 151, 234, 263, 270,
272, 301, 383, 486.
Covenant of Grace, false doctrine, 329.
Covenanters, 188.
Covenhoven, Mr. Lucas, 402, 405.
Cowan, Catharine, case of. 206.
Cowell, Eev. David, 130, 131, 135, 140, 143,
144, 14.5, 148, 150, 151, 152, 161, 165,
177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 205,
209, 211, 214, 220, 224, 229, 240, 273,
285, 288, 291, 298, 299, 307.
556
INDEX.
Coweii, Mr. Joseph, 891, 393, 450
Craig, Rev. John. 15.5, 160, Ifil, 1()4, 171, 177,
184, 190, 19-2, 196, 199, 201, 205, 209,
211, 214, 220, 224, 225, 229, 285, 289,
291, 292, 298, 307, 314, 341, 390, 400,
451.
Craighead, Eev. Alexander, 122, 123, 130,
1:35, 143, 149, 155, 156, 165, 251, 259,
263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 289. 291, 298,
307, 314, 352.
Craighead, Mr. George, 425, 432, 484.
Craighead, Eev. John, 365, 378, 389, 400,
411, 424, 425, 429, 4.32, 436, 438, 450,
461, 471, 477, 489, 492, 493, 495, 496,
501, 506, 515, 528, 541.
Craighead, Eev. Thomas (Donegal Presh.),
78, 80, 82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101, 103,
107, 112, 122, 130, 136, 143.
Craighead, Eev. Thomas (Orange Presb.),
487, 494, 502, 515, 542.
Crane, Mr. John, elder, 351.
Crane, Mr. Joseph, elder, 351.
Crawford, Mr. Andrew, 322.
Crawford, Eev. Edward, 485, 515, 529, 530,
542.
Crawford, Eev. James, 485, 542.
Creary. See McCreanj.
Credentials, Standing Committee on, 119.
See, also. Certificates and Minutes.
Creswell, Eev. James, 342, 350, 390, 400,
409, 450.
Cross, Eev. John, 101, 102, 103, 107, 112, 122,
130, 135, 143, 150, 155.
case of, 103, 104, 107, 115.
Cross, Eev. Eobert, 49, 55, 59, 64, 69, 75,
78, 82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101,
103, 107, 108, 109, 112, 121, 122, 128,
129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137,
143, 150, 155, 161, 165, 171, 184, 190,
192, 194, 196, 199, 201, 205. 209, 211,
214, 220, 224, 229. 285, 289, 290, 291,
295, 296, 297. 301, 306, 308, 313, 321,
324, 336, 341; 351, 352, 365.
case of, 63, 64, 65, 67.
Croswicks, N. J., 70, 99, 138.
Cub Creek, Va., 374, 417, 418.
Culbertson, Mr. Samuel, 3/i, 383.
Culptipper Co , Va., 374.
Cumberland Co.. Va., 417.
Cummings, Eev. Charles, 390, 400, 450, 485,
510, 515, 529, .542.
Cummings, Eev. Francis, 494, 502, 503, 504,
.542.
Cummins, Eev. Alexander, 237, 238, 242,
244, 247, 249, 2.50, 258, 263, 270, 277,
280, 285, 291, 293, 294, 295, 297, 298,
307, 390.
Cunningham, bond, 191, 193, 196, 197, 199.
Cunningham, Mr. Samuel, 322.
Currituck Co., N. C, 4.54.
Curry, Mr. George, 436. 4,50.
Curtisc. Mr., student, 231.
DAGGETT, REV. NAPHTALI, 244, 247, 251,
2.59.
Dancing, promiscuous, 91.
Dan River, N. C, 26.5.
Darbv. Eev. John, 285, 291. 294, 298, 307,
■ 313. 3.33, 341, 351, 364, 390, 401, 411,
424, 437.
Dauphin of France, address on birth of,
495.
Davenport, Rev. James. 235, 236, 237.
239, 244, 247, 250, 258, 263, 269, 277
281.
Davenport, Eev. John, 462, 527, 530. 541.
Davidson, Eev. Eobert. D.D., 437, 450, 451,
476, 478, 482, 485, 486, 489, 492, 496.
501, 506, 507, 514, 515, 528, 542.
Davidson, Mr. William, 471.
Davidson's Creek. N. C, people of, 310.
Davies, Mr. David, 306.
Davis, Eev. Samuel, of Lewes, 9, 10, 11, 14.
25, 38, 40, 42, 50, 55, 59, 62, 64, 67, 69,
75, 81.
Davies. Eev. Pres. Samuel. 236, 238, 239,
244, 2.50, 252, 259, 263, 270, 280, 285,
289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 297, 298, 299,
300. 307.
Days, special, 268, 273, 280, 282, 324.
Deacons, 249, 534.
Dead, burial of. 260.
Dean, Eev. William. 208, 235. 236.
Debate, church, methods, 250.
De Berdt. Mr., 367.
Debow, Eev. John, 451, 459. 463, 470, 472,
473, 477, 486, 503.
Deceased wife's sister, marriage with, 301,
484, 487, 488, 490, 491, 495. 499, 500.
502.
Deeming, Rev. Oliver, 398, 424, 436, 451.
Deep Eiver. N. C, 387.
Deep Eun, Bucks Co., Pa., congregation of,
479.
Deer Creek, Md., people of, 340. .349.
Deerfield. N. J., people of. 1.52, 503.
Defendant, notified of action. 83, 92, 284.
Degrees, college, 141, 465, 475.
university. 146.
Delaware, Forks of. Pa., 405
Delaware Nation, 376.
Delegated bodv, proposal to make Svnod a.
80, 236, 238.
Delegates, expenses of, 43, 117, 494.
Demission of ministry. 23, 84, 497, 507.
Demming. See Deeming.
Denny. Mr. William, 439.
Depositions of ministers :
Beard. Eev. John, 425.
Bell, Eev. Hamilton, 178.
Harker, Rev. Samuel, 330.
Lainir, Robert, 76.
Miller. Alexander, 396.
Murray, Eev. John. 366.
Smith, Rev. Sampson, 462.
Derry, Pa., people of, 126, 516.
Dcrry, Presbytery (Ireland), 437, 507.
De.sk", reading in, 275.
Dick, Eev. John. 190, 192.
Dickinson, Mr. Daniel, 306.
Dickinson. Eev. Jonathan, 48, 50, 53, 55,
56, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 80, 85, 88, 92,
96, 100, 101, 103, 107, 112, 121, 122,
130, 135, 143, 149, 161, 164, 177, 185,
186, 2.33, 235, 236.
Dickinson, Eev. Moses, 69, 75, 78, 79, 80,
96.
Digest, preparation for, 511, 517.
Dimon. Mr. Nathaniel, 291.
Diploma required, 146, 465, 475, 499.
Directory for worship. See Worship.
Discipline. Book of, 95, 522, 524, 525, 526,
539, 540. 545.
conformity with, advised, 504.
INDEX.
557
Discipline, form of, 546. See Pardovan ;
also Government.
instructiou iu, 340.
rules of (Pardovau's), recognized, 519,
535.
standard of, 547.
Dismission of ministers, 404, 437.
church members, certificates of, 92.
Dissent from acts of Synod, 64, 122, 318,
350, 385, 386, 433, 443, 500, 502.
conscientious, recognized, 74.
Dissenters in Virginia, 74.
Dissolution, pastoral, by Synod, 273, 292.
Divine Songs for Children, 429.
Divinity, professor of, 303, 309, 386, 399.
students, 305, 309, 521.
study of, 512.
Division of 1745, 58. See New York Synod.
Divorce, 398, 509.
Doak, Eev. Samuel, 485, 510, 515, 528, 542.
Doctrine, deliverance on glory of God, 148.
covenant of grace, 329.
of election, 329.
standard of, 547.
of universalism, 540.
Dodd, Rev. Thaddeus 480, 491, 496, 502,
515, .528, .542.
Doddridge's Rise and Progress, 429.
Donaldson, Rev. Mr., 210, 215.
Donegal, Presbvtery of, 84, 102, 103, 107,
109, 111, 112, 116, 121, 123, 124, 131,
135, 136, 139, 143, 144, 149, 150, 1.52,
1.53, 155, 156, 161, 162, 164, 172, 175,
176, 178, 184, 190, 192, 193, 194, 195,
196, 199, 201, 205, 206, 209, 211, 212,
213, 220, 224, 226, 229, 289, 292, 300,
302, 306, 307, 310, 313, 320, 321, 322,
325, 328, 332, 338, 341, 344, 345. 348,
349, 350, 356, 357, 360, 365, 366, 367,
369, 371, 372, 375, .377, 383, 384. 389,
400, 409, 410, 411, 419, 423, 431, 432,
4.36, 449, 4.57, 46] , 462, 471, 476, 493,
494, 495, 503, 507, 512, 523.
protest, 357.
restored, 359, 366.
schism in, 366, 371, 383.
Donegal Presbytery, so-called, 381, 382,
383.
Donnell, Mr. Thomas, 486, 494.
Dorset Co., Md., congregation of, 288, 417.
Dorsius, Rev. Mr., 177.
Dougal, Rev. Samuel, 437, 459,471, 472, 477,
489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 542.
Douglass, Mr. Samuel, 315.
Dublin, Ireland, books from, 219.
churches of, .397.
ministers, 356, 386.
Dublin Presbytery, letter to, 19, 53.
Duchane, Mr. Jerome, 341. See also Du-
.9h(iHe.
Duffield, Rev. George, 277, 280, 285, 291,
297, 299, 301, 302, 306, 307, 308, 309,
313, 314, 322, 323, 324, 329, 330, 334,
340, 341, 343, .346, 350, 351, 353, 354,
356, 362. 364, 365, 369, 374, 375, 378,
.379, 381, 384, 389. 394, 397, 400, 402,
406. 411, 424, 425, 426, 427, 431, 4.38,
446, 448, 449, 4.50, 4.55, 461, 471, 476,
477, 480, 482, 485, 488, 489, 492, 496,
501, 505, 506, 514, 528, 541.
missionary journev, 362, 369, 375.
Duffield, William, Jr., case of, 494, 495.
Dugal, Mr. Samuel, 463.
Duuagall. See Donegal.
Duuagor, session of (Ireland), 123.
Dunbarton Presbytery, Scotland, 522.
Duncan's Creek, N. C, 374, 418.
Dunegall. See Donerial.
Dungannon, Synod of (Ireland), 219.
Dunham, Rev. Asa, 516, 543.
Dunlap, Rev. James, 491, 493, 496, 501, 515,
528, 542.
Dunlap, Rev. Samuel, 351, 353, 377, 401,
424, 436, 461.
Dunning, Rev. Oliver, 411.
Dushane, Anthony, case of, 484, 491, 495,
500, .502.
Dushane, Eliza, 502.
Dushane, Mr. Valentine, 322, 323, 392, 452,
458.
Dutch Reformed churches, 176, 24.5, 505.
Dutch Reformed Svnod, correspondence,
508, 518, 521, 522, 524, 527, 541, 547.
Dutch students, 219.
Dutchess Preshvterv, 331, 338, 349, 351,
352, 365, 372, 373, 377, 388, 390, 404,
411, 424, 436, 450, 461, 470, 471, 477,
480, 485, 489, 492, 502, 506, 515, 527,
528, 541.
adopts Confession, 351.
EAKIN, REV. SAMUEL, 378, 3S9, 401. 407,
411, 431, 436, 449, 461, 482, 484, 485,
489, 492, 496, 503.
case of, 413, 414, 418, 428, 440.
East Hanover, N. J., people of, 104. 106,
140, 145.
East New Jersey, Presbvtery of, 106, 107,
108, 112, 114, 115; 119^ 123, 131, 132,
136, 1.37, 141.
Edentoii, N. C, supplies for, 374, 375.
Edgar, Mr. James, 436.
Edmeston. See Edmiston.
Edmiston, Mr. Samuel, 451.
Edmiston, Mr. William, 322.
case of, 3.32, 338, 339, 348, 354, 376.
Edmunds. Rev. James, 450, 451, 486, 496,
501, .504, 529, 542.
Edsal, Mr. Philip, 351.
Education, standing committees, 141.
Scotland, appeal to. 171.
See, also. Candidates, Ministers, New
Jersey College.
Edwards, Rev. Jonathan. 247, 249, 263.
Egg Harbor, N. J., 249, 376. 394, 418.
Elders, absentee, 43, 256, 491.
absent without leave, 117.
additional, 17.
alternate admitted, 383, 405.
appointment ordered. 37, 41, 250, 252.
attendance desired, 132, 150, 160, 172,
235, 462.
committee of Fund, 143, 172, 195, 197
199, 205, 209, 212.
consent necessary to service, 345.
election, 37, 2.50, '2.52.
exclusion from judicatories, 537.
expenses, 177, 491
lay, 350, 3.56, 358, etc.
members of committees, 162, 166, 178,
184, 190, 193.
members of commission. 150, 160, 172.
with ministers iu judicatories. 17, 42.
New York church, 250, 252.
558
INDEX.
Elders, nomination by committee of Synod,
•250. -^rii.
obey or resign, 435.
ordination of, o.iO, 337, 340, 345, 534.
plan for chnrch administration, 350,
353, 356, 358, 359, 364, 370, 376, 38C,
393.402, 415, 425.
reports, 18, 21, 22, 40, 45.
representatives in absence of minister,
42.
roll at first meeting, 9.
subscription of Standards, 160.
vote for, 2.')2.
Elder, Kev. Jolin, 143, 144, 149, 1.5.5, 161,
164, 171, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196,
199, 201, 205, 209, 211, 214, 220, 224,
230, 285, 291, 294, 297, 298, 300, 307,
308, 314, 323, :?34, 335, 340, 341, 344,
348, 349, 351, 353, 366, 367, 369. 371,
383, 390, .391, 400, 405, 411, 424, 425,
436, 444, 4.50, 453, 472, 477, 482, 485,
489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 542.
Election, false doctrines, 329.
Elizabeth liiver, Va., 28.
Elizabcthtown, N. J., First Church, 333,
380, 436, 4.o4.
convention at, 374, 381, 392, 416.
Elk River, Md.. congregation of, 84, 86, 87,
91, 170, 201.
Elko. Sec Ilico, Itico, Hico.
Elliott, Andrew, Esq., 333.
Elliott, William, aid for, 297.
Elmer, Rev. Daniel, 92. 96, 97, 100, 101,
103, 107, 112, 130, 135, 143, 150, 155,
161. 165, 171, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194,
196, 199, 205, 209, 211, 214.
Elmer, Rev. Jonathan, 244, 247, 250, 259,
263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 298,' 301,
306, 31.3, 333, 341, 351, 352, 364, 377,
390, 399, 401. 411, 424, 425, 432, 436,
439, 450, 454, 461, 462, 470, 471. 476,
480, 482, 489. 492, 496, 501, 502, 505,
515, 528,541.
Elmore. See Elmer.
Emmilt, Abraham, case of, 56, 57, 61, 63,
65.
England, act of toleration, 147.
Church of, 37 (note), 111, 306.
Parliament of, 225.
war with Sjiain. 151, 187.
Enno River, N. ('., 265, 283, 310, 448,
Episcopalians, 111, 306, 311, 312, 313.
Erasure from records, 546.
Erwin. See Irwin.
Europe, 149, 1.52.
European churches, 295.
Evan. See Eraus.
Evans, Rev. David. 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 25,
27, 28, .34, .35, 36, 38, 42, 48, 50, 55,
.59, 64, <)8. ()9, 75, 78. 80. 82, 85, 92,
97, 99, 101, 103. 107. 112, 122, 130,
135, 143, 150, 161, 16.5, 172, 177, 184,
190. 192, 194, 196, 199.
Evans, Rev. Israel, 462, 472, 477, 480, 482,
485, 489, 492, 496, 501, .50(), 515, 5.30.
Evans, Mr. James, 306, 308.
Evans, Joel (prol)ationer), 165.
Evans, Mr. Robert, 297, 300, 4.50.
Evans, Rev. Samuel, 161, 162, 16.5, 171, 177,
184, 190.
case of, 199, 200.
Evans, Rev. Thonjas, 75, 78, 82, 85, 92, 96,
100, 101, 103, 107, 122, 130, 136, 143,
150, 155. 161, 165.
Evidence, insnthcient, 26. See also Cita-
lions, Witnesses.
Ewing, Mr. James, Elder, 4,50.
Ewiug, Rev. John, 294, 297, 298, 300, 301,
302, 306, 307, 308, 309, 311, 312, 313,
314-317, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 326,
327, 335, 336, 341, 347, 348, 3,50, 351,
353, 3,54, 356, 357, 361, 364, 366. 367,
368, 374, 376, 377, 379, 380, 381, 389,
397, 400, 402. 405, 406, 407, 408, 410,
412, 415, 416, 419, 42.3, 424, 425. 426,
427, 42r<, 436, 438, 440, 444, 4.50, 471,
476, 477, 479, 482, 483, 485, 486, 489,
492, 495, 496, 501, 505, 514, 528, 541,
548.
Ewing, Mr. Maskell, 390, 397.
Ewing, Mr. Thomas, 297.
Examination. See Candidate.'i.
Excommunication, 91. 92, 117, 396, 531.
Excuses for absence, frivolous, 49.
Exetresis, Latin, 43, 116.
Exeil, Rev. Mr., 22.
Exjjenses. See Delegates.
Experience, religious, of candidates. 318,
319, 320, 321.
FAGG'S MANOR, Pa., 255, 256.
Fairfield church, 73.
Fairfield Co., Conn., Eastern Association,
239.
Western Association, 425, 516.
Fair Forest, N. C, 387.
Faith, See Confession of Faith.
Faitout, Rev. George, 480, 486, 492. 493,
496, 501, 505, 506, 514, ,528, .542.
Falconer, Mr. William, 477, 496, 505.
Falling Spring, Pa., 2.37.
Family worship, 105, 107, 2.50.
Fasting at ordinations, 32, 35, 38, 39.
public, days, 161, 181, 215, 218, 228,
229, 268, 273, 276, 280, 282, 289, 290,
292, 305, 310, 315, 340, 398, 420, 426,
460, 463, 464, 471, 478, 481, 483, 488,
527, 529.
Faulkner. See Falconer.
Ferry, the, Md., 172.
Finch, Peter, candidate, 80. 81.
Fin lev, Rev. James, 247, 2.50, 259, 263, 270,
'277, 2S0, 285, 291, 292, 294, 301, 303,
306, 313, 322, 323, 334, 341, 343, 345,
351, 364, 365, 375, 377, 380, 381, 389,
400, 411, 417, 424, 425, 437, 450, 452,
461, 472, 477, 480, 482, 487, 489, 492,
494, 495, 496, 498, 500, 501, 502, 507,
515, ,527, 528, 535, 542.
Finley, Rev. John Evans, 483, 492, 493,
496, 501, 506, 514, 515, .527, 528, 542.
Finlev, Rev. Robert, .503, 529, 531, 541.
Finlev, Rev. Samuel. D. D., 233, 235, 236.
'238, 2411, 242, 244, 247, 2.50, 259, 263,
270' 277, 280, 285, 291. 295, 296, 297,
298, 300, 302, 304, 308, 309, 312. 313.
314, 31.5, 316, 317, 320, 322, 323, 324,
332, 33.3, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 341,
344, 345, 347, 351, 3.53, 365.
Finney, ]Mr. Robert, 425, 431.
Firm in, ]Mr. Peter, 472.
Fish. Mr., 490.
Fishing Creek, S. C. 374, 387.
Fithian, Mr. Joseph, 377, 383.
INDEX.
559
Fithian, Mr. Philip Vicars, 462, 470, 473,
477.
Flemming, Mr. David, 306, 308.
Flint, Mr. John, 291.
Ford, Col. Jacob, 306, 378. 379.
Fordham, Mr. Lemuel, 490, 543.
Foreign Churches, correspondence with,
^290, 295, 315, 321, 355, 356, 374, 376,
386. 389, .397, 399, 408, 413, 416, 419,
421, 453, 518, 519, 520, 521, 541.
Foreign ministers. See Ministers.
Foreign missions, collections, 246, 248,266.
Africa, 456. See, also, Indians.
Foreman, Mr. David, 482, 541.
Forest, Del., 387, 434.
Forks of Brandywiue, Pa., 255, 256.
Form of government. See Government.
Form of process. See Sentence.
Forman. See Foreman.
Forster. See Foster.
Fort Pitt, Pa., 376.
Foster, Rev. William, 365, 375, 390, 397,
400, 406, 411, 424, 425, 426, 436, 438,
442, 449, 450, 456, 459, 461, 463, 471,
472, 475, 477, 480, 482, 485, 490.
Fourth Creek, N. C, 346, 374. 337, 403, 404.
Frame, John, 121.
France, address to Minister of, 495.
Francis, Mr. Thomas, .306.
Frazier, Rev. James, 486, 502,
Frederick Co., Md., missionary for, 387.
Free schools, 175, 176, 178.
Freehold, X. J., people of, 12, 13.
French Churches, free communion with,
245.
Frisby, Rev. Levi, 437, 461.
Frontier, missions, etc.. 326, 332, 3.3.5, 339,
354, 362, 369, 375, 376, 400, 405, 410,
419, 428, 429, 4.59, 463, 464.
Fullerton, Mr. Alexander, 541.
Fulton, Mr. David, 315.
Fund for German Emigrants. See German
ScJwoIs.
Fund, contingent. Synod New York, 251,
262, 268.
Fund for Pious Uses, 49, 51, 52, 55, .57, 57,
.59, 60, 64. 74, 80, 84, 96, 99, 100, 102,
103, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 116, 117,
123, 127, 1.30, 131, 133, 134, 136, 139,
144, 14.5, 146, 147, 151, 153, 1.54, 156,
174, 175, 176, 177, 18.3, 185, 186, 191,
192, 194, 196, 198, 200, 201, 203, 206,
210, 211, 213, 214, 215, 220, 223, 224,
226, 228, 231, 262, 301, 302, 303, 309,
315, 324, 335, 339, 376, 453, 460, 465,
479, 486, 487, 490, 493, 494, 497, 538.
account of, 112. 121, 123, 126, 127, 131-
134, 137, 138, 142, 144, 147, 1.50, 152,
154, 160, 45.3.
annual collection for, 57, 65. 82, 85, 88,
97, 99, 100, 102, 103, 123, 1.36, 144,
195, 197, 199, 215, 246, 248, 299, 300,
308, 311, 315, 316, 361, 367, 368, 369,
370, 376, 380, 419.
assessment for, 194.
auditing committee, 52, 56.
borrowers from, 183.
church erection, gifts for, 134, 161,
201, 419.
commission of Synod, 64, 68, 77, 82.
See, also. Commission.
Committee of Conference with
Widows' Fund, 332, 3.33, 339, 347,
364, 370, 371, 372, 375, 376, 381, 382,
383, 408, 409, 413, 427, 440, 4.52, 469,
476, 478, 481, 483, 484, 486, 490, 493,
494, 497, 508, 510, 535, 547.
contingent, 353.
contribution from Scotland, 56, 57, 58.
debtors to, 84, 88, 170, 189, 191, 193,
195, 196, 197, 199. 202, 205.
discretion to dispose of collections, 99,
100, 246.
division of, refused, 177.
donations and grants from, 53, 58, 63,
65, 68, 77, 79, 81, 100, 104, 106, 134,
139, 147, 155, 161, 171, 176, 187, 189,
194, 196, 201, 219, 223, 231, .371, .387,
388, 389, 394, 410, 419, 441, 457, 470,
476.
loan from, 386, 399.
members, committee, 56, 61, 69, 75, 78,
8] , 82, 85, 88, 93, 136, 143, 150, 160,
163, 106, 172, 178, 184, 190, 193, 195,
197, 199, 202, 205, 209, 212, 219, 230,
302, 315, 324. 335, 339, 347, 371, 380,
408, 417, 420, 464, 481.
merged with Widows' Fund, 309, 315,
347.
non-contributors, 65, 70, 75, 78, 136,
144.
power of Synod over, 289.
revival of, 421, 428, 429, 460, 465, 538.
Treasurer, 49, 50, 52, 58, 88, 134, 155,
189, 202, 439, 440, 463, 479, 483. 531,
539.
See, also. Candidates, Indian Missions,
New Jersey College, Widows' Fund.
Funds of congregation, 249.
Funerals, liquor at, 359.
prayer at, 260.
GALE, MR. BENJAMIN, 501.
Gallacher, Mr. William, 313, 318.
Garduer, Mr. Francis, 306, 311.
Garner, Mr. Francis, 498.
Gelston, Rev. Samuel, 40, 41, 44, 46, 48, 49,
50, 51, 55, 56, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78,
80, 82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 97, 98, 99, 101,
103, 112, 116, 123.
debt of, 191, 193, 196, 197, 199, 205.
General Assembly, Church of Scotland,
105, 106, 256, 356, 386, 413, 418.
General Assemblv, Presbvterian Church in
the U. S. A., 513, 517, 523, 524, 548.
General Convention for religious libertv.
364, 374, 381, 392, 406, 416, 426, 440,
453, 464, 473, 477.
General Convention, Reformed Dutch
Church, etc., 518, 524, ,540, 547.
General Presbytery, 9, 10. 13, 14, 16, 17,
20, 21, 30, 31, 34, 38, 42.
division of. 45.
self-formed. 9, 13, 16, 20.
See, also, Philadelphia Presbytery.
General Rules for Judicatories, 512.
General Synod, successor to General Pres-
bytery, 45, 46, 48.
Presbyteries of, 45, 46.
See, also, f!i/nod.
Geneva, (Jhurcii of, 356, 386, 397, 399, 416,
420, 421.
Geneva Platform, 245.
Geneva, Synod of, letters, 386, 414.
560
INDEX.
George II., 142, 276.
George III., 310, 312, 313, 320, 325, 333,
339, 360, 361.
George, Mr. Marcus, probationer, 542.
Georgia, supplies for, 361, 375, 403, 423.
German caudidate received, 133.
miuisters, educated iu church school,
227.
German schools, fund for, 219, 223, 226,
227, 228, 231, 290, 295, 301, 315.
trustees, 228.
Gill, Mr., 311.
Gillespie, Rev. George, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32,
34, 38, 42, 48, 50, .52, 55, .57, 59, 63,
64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 75, 78, 80, 85. 88,
92, 99. 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130,
13.5, 139, 143. 1.50, 155, 171, 177, 190,
192, 194, 196, 199, 201, 202, 205, 209,
211, 214, 220, 224. 229, 285, 291, 298.
Gilliland. Mr. James, 364.
Givens, Mr. Eobi'rt, 297.
Glassbrook, Kev. James, 510. 528, .541, .544.
Glascow, Rev. Patrick, 122, 130, 136, 143,
150, 155.
Glaseu, Eev. Patrick, 124.
Glasgow Presbytery, Scotland, 69.
Glasgow, Synod of, 19, 34, .52.
gift from, 56, 57, 58, 63, 64.
Glasgow University, 56, 63, 230.
Glebe, 359, 475.
Gloucester, N. J., people of, 60, 61, 63, 65,
120.
God, glory of, deliverance on, 148.
Godliness, revivals of, 105, 107.
Goetschius, Mr. Ilenricus, 133.
Golden, Mr. John. 442.
Goldsmith, Eev. Benjamin, 323, 341 342,
351, 304, 377, 390, 401, 424, 541.
Gooch, Hon. Wm., 142. 147, 183, 185.
Goold, Eev. Ebenezer. 96, 99, 101, 103, 107,
112, 122, 130, 143, 150, 156.
Goshen, people of, 101, 102, 116, 374.
Gospel, propagation of. See J/iswotis.
Gourley, Eev. James, 462. 463, 477.
Government and Discii)line, Directory for,
approved, 95, 245.
book to be printed, .525, .539.
Committee on, 512, .524.
Presbyteries to report upon, 525.
proposed book referred, 525.
reports, etc., 531, 532, 533, 535, .536,
538, 539, 540, 544, 545, 546. 547.
Graham, Eev. Chauncey, 244, 247, 250, 259,
263 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 297, 307,
313, 331, 352, 354, 369, .374, 378, 401,
404. 406, 408. 424, 425, 431, 436, 461.
Graham, Mr. Jared, .306.
Graham. Eev. William, 514, 515, .528, 537,
542.
Grand Jurv, charge to, Virginia, 181.
Grant, EeV. John, 235, 236, 2.38, 240, 242,
244, 247. 2."1.
Grant, Mr. Lewis, 482, 485, 489.
Great Britain, allegiance to, 468.
Protestant succession to throne, 95,
127.
Great Canawaga, Pa., church of, 493.
Great Cove, Del., supjilies for, 457, 468.
Great Egg Harbor, N J., 386, .387, 398.
Great Valley. Pa., peojile of, 27, 37, 175,
195, 197. 198, 200. 211, 226.
Green, Kev. Ashbel, 516, 530, 541.
Green, Eev. Enoch, 314, 316, 320, 322, 325,
329, 333, 335, 340, 341, 351, 353, 364,
389, 400, 411, 424, 436, 450, 461, 471,
477.
Green, Eev. Jacob, 235, 236,239,242,244,
247, 2.50, 258, 262, 2()9, 277, 280, 285,
291, 297, 301, 307, 313, 322, 329, 333,
341, 348, 351, 364, 377, 378, 381, 390,
401, 411, 424, 427, 435, 436, 450, 453,
461, 476, 480, 482.
Greeuman, Eev. Nehemiah, 241, 258, 263,
270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 291. 297, 293,
306, 313, 334, 341, 351, 365, 377, 390.
400, 411, 424, 436. 450, 461, 471, 477,
480, 482, 486.
Greenwich (Conn.), CDUgregation of, 397,
493.
Greer, Mr. John, 313, 364.
Gregg. Mr. Andrew, 306.
Grier, Eev. James, 472, 483, 485, 489, 492,
496, 498, .501, 500, 509, 514, .527, 528.
Grier, Rev. Nathan, 516, ,530, 541, 543, 545.
Griffin, Mr. Jonathan, 351.
Griffith. Eev. John. 289, 291, 297, 298, 313,
322, 334, 341, 351, 365, 371, 378, 400,
411.
Griffith, Eev. Timothy, 171, 177, 184. 190,
190, 192, 194, 196. 199, 202, 205, 209,
211.
Griffiths, Mr. Abel, 322, 365.
Grover. Joseph, 451, 462, 471, 476, 480. 482,
490.
Guild, Eev. John, 161, 162, 165, 177, 184,
190, 192, 194, 199, 201, 20.5, 207. 209,
211, 214, 220, 224, 229, 285, 288, 291,
293, 295, 298, 299, 300, 307, 308, 313,
314, 323, 332, 333, 335, 337, 340, 341,
348, 351, 353, 364, 366, 377, 380, 401,
407 411, 416, 424, 426, 436, 450, 461,
471, 477, 480, 485, 489, 492, 490, 501,
506, 515, 528, 543.
HAIT, REV. BENJAMIN, 209, 277, 280, 285,
291, 293 , 297, 299, 300, 307, 312, 313,
316, 322, 323, 334, .335, 341, 348, .351.
360, 364, 305, 374, 375, 377, 388, 390.
396, 400, 406, 411, 424, 436, 438, 440,
4.50, 454, 461, 470, 471, 476, 480, 482,
490.
Hall, Eev. James. 476. 486, 494. .502, 542.
Hall. Eev. Robert, .503. .529, .531, 542.
Hall's meeting house. Va., 4.54,
Halsev, Eev. Jeremiah. 378, 387, 389, 390,
'394, 397, 399, 400, 401, 402. 403, 406,
407, 410, 416, 424. 426, 436, 440, 4.50,
4.53, 456, 461, 463, 469, 472, 474, 476,
480. 485, 487, 490.
Halsey, Eev. William, 412, 416, 421, 436,
'438.
Hamilton, Mr. Hugh. 297, 300. 315.
Hamilton, Eev. John, 184, 190, 192, 194,
196, 199, 202, 205, 209, 211, 214.
Hamilton. Mr. William, 364.
Hampsev, Rev. William, 351.
Hampto'n, Rev. John. 9, 10, 11, 14, 17. 21,
25, 31, 34, 38, 42, 49, 50, 53, 55, 56,
59, 64.
Hands, Liying on of, 32. 35. 38, 39.
Hankerson, Mr. Kennet, 515.
Hauna. Rev. John, 298, 307, 313, 314, 3.34,
335 3.37. 341, 348. 351, 3.53, 304. 36.5,
377^ 390, 401, 411, 424, 426, 436, 450,
INDEX.
561
461, 463, 471, 480, 485, 489, 492, 496,
501, 506, 515, 528, 541.
Hanna, Rev. William, 351, 378.
Hannah, Mr, John, 297, 313.
Hanover, House of, 142.
Hanover, N. J., 104, 107, 108, 110, 121, 140,
145.
Hanover, Va., people of, 235, 256, 261, 263,
269. 293, 299, 307, 312, 329, 348, 374,
417, 543.
Hanover Presbytery, 264, 265, 270, 277, 279,
289, 292, 293, 294, 299, 306, 307, 310,
313, 320, 322, 3.34, 339, 341, 342, 351,
365, 377, 395, 396, 400, 409, 424, 437,
440, 441, 449, 459, 461, 471, 476.
division of, 510, 523.
Hardman, Mr. John, 291.
Hardwick, N. J., church, 543.
Harker, Rev. Samuel, 251, 259, 263, 270,
277, 280, 291. 302, 306, 308, 313, 322.
case of, 283, 284, 297, 301, 308, 315, 325,
328, 329, 333.
Harriott, Mr. David, 351.
Harris, Dr. Isaac, 485.
Harris, Mr. John, appeal of, 340.
Harris, Mr. William, 482.
Harris, Rev. James, 411.
Harris, Rev. John, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288,
291, 298, 306, 308, 314, 334, 341, 345,
351, 377, 390, 399, 400, 405, 412, 450,
451, 486, 502, 504, 529, 542.
Harrison, Sir Edmund, 15, 16.
Harrison, Joseph, 82.
Hart, Rev. Joshua, 424, 425, 432, 439, 541,
543.
Haste of pastor reproved, 83.
Hatfield, Mr. Matthias, 411.
Hawfield's Settlement, N. C, 226, 265, 283,
310, 346, 409, 448.
Haw River, N. C, 374.
Hazlett, Mr. William, .322.
Heatlien, missions to. See Indian Missions.
Hebrew, studv of, 458.
Hedges, Mr. Gideon, .333.
Hemphill, Rev. Samuel, 107, 109, 116, 117,
118, 119.
Henderson, Rev. Joseph, 491, 492, 493, 496,
501, 506, 512, 515, ,528, 542.
Henderson, Mr. Thomas, 528.
Hendrickson, Mr. Gilbert, 306.
Henkinson, Mr. Kenith, 492.
Henry, Rev. Hugh, 244, 247, 250, 259, 263,
270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 291, 295, 298,
306, 307, 313, 322.
Henrv, Rev. John, 17, 18, 25, 30, 31, 38, 42,
48.
Henry, Mr. Robert, 404, 410, 415.
Henry, Rev. Robert, 249, 251, 258, 263, 270,
277, 280, 285, 289, 291, 298, 307, 314,
378.
Hico. N. C, 310.
Hiddleson, Rev. John, 511, 512.
Highland Scots, congregation of, in Pa.,
479.
Hill, Rev. John, 496.
Hill, Rev. Thomas, 502, 531.
Hill, Rev. William. 494.
Hillyer, Mr. Asa, .543.
Hindman, Mr. Francis, appeal of, 511, 512.
Hindman, Rev. John, 165, 172, 177, 184.
Hitchcock Creek, X. C. 387, 403, 405.
Hodge, Mr. Hugh, 492.
36
Hoge, Rev. John, 263, 265, 270, 277, 280,
■ 285, 291, 292, 298, 307, 314, 334, 341,
351, 365, 377, 378, 390, 391, 400, 411,
424, 437, 450, 461, 471, 477, 489, 492,
496, 501, 514, 526, 528, 542.
Hoge, Rev. Moses, 514, 515, 516, 528, 536,
442.
Hogg. See Hoge.
Holland, Church of, letters, 176, 178, 356,
399, 419, 421, 453.
Holliday, Mr. Samuel. 472, 483.
Hollingshead, Rev. William, 437, 450, 451,
464, 471, 477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492,
493, 496, 503.
Holmes, Mr. Jonathan, 315.
Home missions, 361, .367, 368, 370, 419, 421,
428, 441. See, also. Fund for Pious Uses
and Widows' Fund.
Hook, Rev. Henry, 50, 55, 56, 59, 64, 69, 75,
78, 80, 85, 93, 96, 97, 99, 101, 103,
107, 112, 122, 123, 130, 135, 143, 162.
case of, 71, 72, 73, 76.
Hope, Mr. Thomas, 450.
Hopewell, N. C, 360.
Hopewell, N. J., congregation, 14, 24, 132,
138, 147, 148, 346, 403, 404.
Hopkins, Rev. Samuel, 456, 458.
Horn, Mr. Frederick, 352.
Horsfield, Mr. Israel, 252.
Horton, Rev. Azariah, 161, 162, 164, 177,
233, 235, 236, 238, 239, 240, 242, 244,
247, 251, 258, 262, 269, 277, 280, 285,
291, 292, 295, 298, 300, 301, 306, 308,
310, 313, 314, 320, .323, 333, 335, 341,
351, 352, 35.3, 360, 304, 365, 366, 367,
377. 378, 379, 388, 390, 392, 400, 402,
406, 410, 412, 419, 424, 436, 450, 454,
461, 476, 477.
Horton, Rev. Simon, 112, 114, 122, 130, 136,
149, 161, 164, 171, 233, 2.35, 236, 238,
240, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 262, 269,
277, 280, 285, 291, 298, 306, 307, 308,
310. 311, 313, 333, 341, 351, 355, 360,
364, .377, 390, 401, 404, 411, 424, 436,
450, 461, 480, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505,
530.
Houston, Rev. Joseph, 80, 82, 84, 85, 86,
87, 88, 92, 96, 97, 100, 101, 103, 107,
112, 122, 1.30, 1.35, 143, 149, 156.
bond remitted, 170.
Houston, Rev. Samuel, 515, 516, 528, 542.
Houston. See, also, Huston.
Hubbell, Rev. Nathaniel, 8.5, 101, 103, 107,
112, 122, 12.3, 130, 143, 149, 161, 164,
177.
Hucheson. See Hutchinson.
Hudson's River, N. Y., settlements on, 417.
Huev, Rev. Robert, 437, 439, 4.50.
Hughs, Mr. Cliristopher, 390.
Humphreys, Mr. William, 326, 350, 353,
423.
Hunt, Rev. James, 306, 307, 311, 314, ,322,
3.32, 333, 334, 337, 340, 341, 344, .3.51,
364, 365, 377, 378, 381, 387, 389, 390,
393, 400, 423, 424, 426, 437, 4.50, 461,
471, 477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515,
528, 542.
Hunt, Mr. Ralph, 484.
Hunter, Mr. (Elder), 404, 406.
Hunter, Rev. Andrew, Sr., 235, 236, 239,
244, 247, 2.50, 258, 263, 270, 277, 280,
285, 288, 289, 291, 297, 304, 306, 311,
562
INDEX.
313, 31G, 320, 322, 323, 326, 333, 334,
335, 341, 351, 353, 3(J4, 365, 375, 377,
378, 379, 381, 389, 400, 402, 404, 410,
412, 416, 424, 427, 435, 436, 438, 440,
449, 455, 461, 472.
Hunter, Eev. Andrew, Jr., 462, 470, 473,
482, 483, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506,
508, 514, 528, 541.
Hunter, Mr. Heury, case of, 126, 128, 129,
131, 132, 139.
Huntingdon. L. I., 366, 404, 516.
Huston, Kev. Alexander, 322, 342, 351, 364,
372, 377, 381, 383, 390, 400, 411,423,
424, 425, 429, 437, 450, 485, 497, 501,
.506, 508.
family of, 535.
Huston, Mr. Hugh, 383.
Huston. See Houston.
Huston, Mr. James, 390.
Hutchinson, Kev. Alexander, 69, 75, 78, 82,
85, 92, 96, 99, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122,
130, 136, 143, 150, 155, 175, 236, 251,
285. 291, 298, 306, 314, 334, 341, 365.
Hutton, Mr. John, 492.
Hyde, Kev. Simeon, 498, 503.
I LI CO, N. C, 265.
lUsley, John, case of, 22. 23, 24.
Index, Minutes of Synod, 517, 531, 542.
Indian Creek, N. C, 374, 387.
Indian Schools and Missions, 245, 248, 278,
282, 283, 293. 294, 299, 310, 311, 315,
335, 336, 337, 343, 347, 354, 356, 366,
369, 371, 375, 376, 380, 391, 392, 405.
412, 415, 418. 427, 428, 439, 453, 464,
473, 479, 483, 487.
collections for. 300, 308, 316, 324, 350,
361.
contributions from Great Britain, 266,
267, 269.
See, also. New Jersey CoUege.
Indian treaty, 299.
Avar. 3.35.
Indians, captives among, 317.
missionaries to, 162, 273, 299, 324, 376.
Oneida, 311, 324.
Instalment, formal, not always necessary,
127. See, also. Ministers.
Iiiterdenominational cooperation, 176, 508.
Interest on bond, 88.
Interlocutory meetings, 62, 6.3, 162, 198,
318.
Intolerance, minute on, 499.
Ipswich, England, Independent Congre-
gation of, 266.
Ireland, Svnod and Church of. 55, 101. 109,
118," 121, 123, 127, 135, 138, 142, 187,
211, 223, 290. .356. 386.
Irvine Presb., Scotland, 516, 534.
Irvine. See Trwin.
Irwin, Rev. Benjamin, 485, 515. 529, 542.
Irwin, Mr. Moses, 306,
Irwin, Rev. Nathaniel, 437, 461. 462, 463,
470, 471, 476, 478, 480, 482, 485, 488,
489, 492, 493, 494, 496, 497, 501, 502,
.505, 515. .528, 541.
Irwin. Mr. William (Elder), 322, 515.
Irwin. Rev. William, 450, 485, 515, 529,
542.
Itinerant ministers and preaching, 105,
1.54, 167, 173, 179, 185, 189, 361, 404.
Itico, N. C, 283.
JACK. MR. JAMES, 364.
Jack, Samuel, 121.
Jackson, Mr. James. 4.36. 438.
Jackson. Mr. Thomas (Elder), 351, 356,
364, 365, 366.
Jackson, Rev. Thomas, 365, 375, 387, 388,
389, 391. 392, 400.
Jamaica, L. I., congregation of, 22. 108,
129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 177, 256, 26>,
267, 268, 271, 272, 273, 283, 373, 454.
James River, Va., congregation of, 237,
432.
Jameson, Rev. Robert, 107, 109, 112, 122,
130, 135, 143. 150, 155, 161, 164, 172.
Jameson. See Jamison.
Janitor, 129, 134, 155, 171, 177, 449, 488,
491, 495, 500. 505. 527, 547.
Jersey Settlement, N. C, 374.
Jersey Settlement, N. Y., 454.
Johns, Timothy. See Jones.
Johnson, Rev. Diodati, bequest of, 453,
463. 483, 487.
Johnson, Mr. John, 365, 411, 425, 436, 438.
Johnson, Rev. Stephen, of Conn., 453.
Johnson. See, also, Johnston.
Johnston, Rev. James, 498, 504, 507, 514,
528, 542.
Johnston, Rev. John, 516, 528, 542.
Joline, Eev. John, 489. 490. 492, 496, 501,
505,515,528, 541.
Jones. Rev. Daniel. 401, 435, 491, 492, 493,
496, 505, 514, 515. ,528, 542.
Jones, Rev. Malachi, 37, 38, 42, 48, 50, 52,
55, 56, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 80, 82, 85,
93.
Jones, Rev. Timothy. 166, 233, 235, 236,
238, 240, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 262,
269, 277, 280, 285, 291, 297, 298, 301,
306, 313, 333, 335, 341, 351, 352, 353,
360, 364. 366, 378, 379, 381, 388. 390,
401, 402, 406, 411, 424, 436. 4.50, 454,
461, 462, 470, 471, 476, 479, 480, 482,
489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 515, 528, 541.
Jorsey's Settlement, Atkin, N. C, 226.
Joseph, Indian interpreter, 376, 380.
judgment, attested copy of. 475.
review of requested, 478.
Judicatories, General Rules for, 304, 512.
pro re nata meetings. 305.
Judicial cases, retrial. 328.
Judicial Commissions a])i)oiuted, 62, 74,
109, 121, 210, 294. 300, 311, 320, 340,
348, 360, 456.
Judicial process. See Process.
Juniata River, 405.
Junkin, Mr. Benjamin, 364, 371.
KAHLS. REV. JOHN W., letter from, 458.
Keitii. Kev. Isaac, 470. 473, 48.3, 488.489,
490, 492, 49S, 501, 505. 528, 542.
Keith, Rev. Robert, 462, 477, 480, 482, 486,
489, 491, 492, 496, 499, 501, 507.
Kennedy, Samuel, of Ireland. 435, 441, 452.
460, 469, 470.
Kennedy, Rev. Samuel, 244. 247, 250. 2.58,
263. 269. 277, 280, 281. 285, 291, 297,
298, 301, 307. 313. 315, 333, 351. 3()4,
367, 372, 377, 379. 390. 401. 411, 436,
4.50. 461, 471, 477. 480. 485, 489, 492,
496. ,501. 506, 515. ,528. 543.
Kent on Delaware, congregation of, 288
Kent, Md. congregation of, 288, 310.
INDEX.
56c
Kent, Eev. Elisha, 351, 356, 364, 377, 381,
401, 424, 436, 461,
Keut County, Del., people of, 41, 43, 44,
48, 80, 224.
Kerr, Eev. Jacob, 322, 329, 333, 334, 336,
341, 351, 355, 365, 375, 377, 400, 411,
424, 429, 437, 450, 485, 489, 497, 501,
505, 515, 528, 542, 545.
Kerr, Eev. James, 381.
Kerr, Mr. Joseph, 333, 334, 335.
Kerr, Eev. Nathan, 322, 330, 334, 336, 341,
345, 346, 347, 351, 353, 355, 360, 361,
364, 367, 377, 378, 390, 400, 411, 424,
436, 450, 464, 473, 476, 480, 482, 489,
492, 496, 501, 505, 515, 517, 528, 541.
Kerr, Walter, case of, 18. 21, 25.
Kersley, Mr. Jouathan, 322, 323, 333.
Kettletas, Eev. Abraham, 280, 285, 289,
291, 293, 294, 295, 297, 298, 300, 302,
307, 312, 333, 342.
case of, 311, 316.
King, addresses to the. See George II. and
III.
Kins, Eev. Andrew, 480, 488, 492, 496, 501,
.505, 515, 528, 541.
King. Eev. James. See Rev. John King.
King, Mr. John, 306.
King, Eev. John, .378, 401, 406, 424, 4.32,
436, 445, 450, 455, 461, 471, 477, 489,
492, 493, 495, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528,
542.
King, Mr. Thomas, 378.
Kiukead, Eev. John, 206, 210, 211, 214, 224,
229, 285, 288, 295, 297.
case of, 295, 297, 393, .394.
Kirkpatrick, John, 109, 113.
Kirkpatrick, Eev. William, 293, 297, 298,
299, 302, 303, 306, 310, 311, 317, 318,
320, 322, 323, 326, 333, 334, 335, 340,
341, 348, 351, 353, 364, 365, 366, 367,
369, 371, 374, 376, 377, .379, 380, 381,
383, 386, 390, 397, 399, 401,
Kittatiuniug Hills, Pa., 387, 389.
Kuox, Eev. Hugh, D. D., 201, 263, 270, 277,
280, 285, 291, 298, 307, 313, 333, 341,
344, 351, 364, 377, 390, 401, 411, 424,
436, 450, 461, 476, 480, 482, 489, 492,
496, 501, 505, 515, .528, 541.
Knox, Pearson, et ah, complaint of, .388.
Knowledge, Christian, Society for Propa-
gation of, 299, 300.
LAING, REV. ROBERT, 69, 75,76, 78, 80,84.
Lake, Mr. Samuel, 494,
Lake. See Leake.
Lamb, Eev. Joseph, 50, 55, 59, 64, 69, 75,
143, 233, 235, 236, 238, 240.
Lancaster, Pa., 302, 409.
Lancaster County, Pa., 102, 165.
Lancaster Presbytery, 350, 351, 352, 354,
360.
Lang. Eev. David, 372, 383.
Lang, Eev. James, 390, 416, 445, 4.50, 461,
477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528,
542.
Larger Catechism, 127, 159, 233. See, also,
CatecMsm.
Latin exegesis, 43, 116
Latin, letters in, 176, 386.
Latta, Eev. James, D. D., 293, 294, 297,
298, 299, 300, 302, 306, 311, 313, 316,
320, 321, 341, 346, 351, 354, 364, 371,
375, 377, 389, 390, 400, 410, 411, 412,
424, 429, 431, 433, 436, 438, 442, 44.5,
450, 459, 461, 463, 472, 474, 477, 480,
482, 487, 489, 492, 493, 496, 501, 506,
514, 515, 526, 528, 542.
Latta, Eev. James, South Carolina, 352,
378, 399.
Laurel Hill, Pa., church, 491.
Lawrence, Eev. Daniel, 235, 236, 238, 239,
242, 244, 247, 250, 259, 263, 270, 277,
280, 285, 288, 291, 297, 302, 303, 306,
313, 315, 322, 323, 333, 340, 341, 352.
Lawrence, Mr. Hosea, 501.
Lawrence, Mr. John, appeal, 373.
Lawrence, Mr. Jouathan, 297, 301.
Lawson, Eev. Eobert, 31. 33, 35.
Law suits discountenanced, 96, 359, 435.
Lay Elders, plan of, 350, 356, 358, 370,
393, 402, 415.
Laying ou of bauds, 32, 35, 38, 39, 290.
Lay preaching censured, 17
Leacock, Pa., people of, 144, 150, 151, 152,
153, 302, 409.
Leake, Eev. Jacob, 486, 487, 515, 542.
Leake, Eev. Samuel, 390, 391, 400, 450.
Leave of absence, 17, 21, 117. See, also,
Absentee Members.
Leavit, Eev. Jonathan, 347, 350, 353.
Lebanon Township, N. Y., 242
Lee, Mr. Joseph, 351.
Leechman, Eev. William, D. D., 230.
Leng, Mr. James, 342.
Leonard, Eev. Silas, 143, 144, 149, 161, 164,
177, 238, 250, 259, 297, 307, 314, 322,
323, 335.
Leslie, James, student, 281.
Letter-book, 14, 31.
Letterkeuny, Presb. of (Ireland), 211, 219.
507.
Letters, General Presbvtery, 11, 13, 14, 18,
19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 32, 33,
34, 37, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44.
Synod of Philadelphia, 68, 199, 212,
213, 214, 219, 223, 226.
Synod of New York, 235, 259.
Svnod of New York and Philadelphia,
'386, 408, 415, 416, 419, 420, 421, 440,
506, 509. See, also. Foreign Churches.
Lewes, Eev. Isaac, 361.
Lewes, Presbyterv of. 117, 126, 131, 136,
141, 143, 144, 150, 155, 156, 161, 162.
reestablished, 288, 289, 302, 306, 307,
310, 313, 314, 320, 322, 333, 341, 351,
376, 387, 388, 394, 400, 411, 423, 436,
447, 449, 461, 471, 476, 487, 490, 507,
508, 525.
united with New Castle, 164.
Lewis, Eev. Amzi, 401, 425, 436, 450, 461,
471, 476, 480.
Lewis, Eev. Icliabod, 404. 424, 425, 426,
436, 438, 440, 461. 470, 473, 528, 541.
Lewis, Eev. Josiah, 390, 399, 403, 411, 412,
417, 424, 437, 447, 450, 487.
case of, 485, 490.
Lewis, Eev. Thomas, 236, 2.39. 242, 244,
247, 250, 258, 263, 269, 277, 280, 285,
291. 293, 298, 307, 333, 334, 339, 341,
345. 347, 351, 3.53, 364, 365, 367. 374,
377, 378, 379, 381, 387, 388, 389, 390,
399, 401, 402, 406, 411, 412, 421, 424,
436, 438, 4.50, 461, 465, 476, 480.
Lewistown, Del., people of, 10, 40, 44, 199.
564
INDEX.
Lewistowu Presbytery. See Lewes.
Lexington Presbytery, formation of, 523.
Liberal education. See Education.
Liberty, civil and religious, 142, 258. See,
also, General Coiiveutioii.
Librarian, 219.
Library, public, 219.
Licensure, required, 18, 249,
recalled, 4tl2.
temporary, disapproved, 339.
disapproved, o32.
by a committee, 3<)
not at same meeting as ordination,
339.
regulations concerning, 305, 319, 338,
339, 344, 43."), 445, 475, 499.
Licentiates, 17, 26, 34, 36, 135, 137, 309.
foreign, 52, 118, 119, 338, 344, 398, 399,
405, 529, 544.
list of, 527, 531, 542, 544.
vacant churches, 135, 137, 138, 146,
151, 15.3, 154.
See, also, Ministers, Foreign.
Light, Eev. Johannes, 270, 272.
Ligonier, Pa., supplies for, 417
Lindley, Mr. Joseph, 516.
Lindsay, Mr. James, 426
Linn. See Lynn.
Liquor at funerals, 359.
Literature, religious, plan for distribution,
429, 441, 452.
Little Britain, Pa., 328, 332, 338, 339, 348,
393.
Little, Mr. John, 313.
Little River, N. C, supplies for, 346.
Little Eiver Settlement, S. C, 360, 374.
Livingston, Mr. Peter V. B., 351, 353, 356,
400, 402, 410, 429.
Loan office, continental, 479, 487.
Logue, Mr. Manasseh, 377.
London, Bishop of, 127.
dissenting ministers of, 52, 54, 63, 356,
386.
Londonderry Presbytery, Ireland, 542.
sub-synod of, 211.
Long Canes, N. C. 374, 387.
Long Canes. S. C. 360, 403, 404, 432.
Long Island, X. Y., 120.
Long Island Presbvterv, 46, 48, 56, 59, 60,
67, 75, 78, SI, 82, 87, 88, 93, 136, 244.
Long, Eev. James, 394, 400, 410, 411, 424,
429, 437, 440, 4.53, 454, 471.
Long, Mr. John, 322, 394,
Long Lanes. S. C, sujiplies for, 346.
Lord's Day. violation of, 70.
Lord's Suj)i)er, administration of, 99, 191,
192, 193, 194.
admission to, 92, 110, 111.
See, also. Communion and Suspension.
Lot, decision by, 104, 110, 140, 14,5, 241.
Lottery di.scountenanc^ed. 241.
Louden Co.. Va., supplies for, 339.
Love, Mr. .John, 291.
Lowdcn, Lord, 274, 279.
Low Dutch, 176. See, also. Reformed
Dutch.
Lower Long Cane, S. C, church of, 531
Lower Settlement, N. C, peoi>le of, 310
Luckev, Eev. George, 477, 480, 506, 507,
515. .542.
Lynn, Eev. John, 477, 489, 491, 492, 496,
501, 503, 505, 514, 528, 542.
Lynn, Rev. William Adolphus, 462, 472,
477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 502, 505, 507,
515, 516, 530.
Lyon, Dr. (Elder), 377, 378, 379, 412.
Lyon, Eev. James, 322, 330, 336. 342, 364,
377, 390, 401, 411, 424, 436, 450, 471,
477, 480.
Lyon, Mr. Joseph, 291, 294.
McADAM, REV. HUGH, 277, 280, 285.
McAdeu. See 3[cCadden.
McBride, Mr. John, 378.
McCaddan, Eev. Hugh, 291, 298, 307, 313,
314, .341, 390, 409, 450, 486.
McCadden, Eev. Thomas, 400.
McCade, Eev. Thomas, 494.
McCall. Mr. Thomas (Elder). 411.
McCall, Eev. Thomas, 486, 496, 502.
McCall, Eev. Thomas H., 529, 530, 542.
McCalla, Eev. Daniel, 437, 461, 462, 471,
476, 477, 4S0, 4^2, 485, 489, 492, 496,
501, .5()(), 515, .530.
McCalla, Mr. John, 436, 438, 450,
McCalla, Mr. Thomas Harris, 476.
McCalley, Mr. John, 400.
McCalmont, Mr. John, 4.")6.
ISIcCannan. See McKennan.
McCaule. See McCall.
McClanaghan, Eev. Mr., .311. 312.
McCIane, Mr. Azariah, 390.
McClaiie, Mr. Joseph, 541.
McClean, Eev. Alexander, 424, .525, 437.
McClean, IMr. John, 425, 435, 439.
McCleland, Margaret, 326.
McClelland, Eev. Daniel, 390, 401.
McClelland, Elizabeth, case of, 320, 325,
32(), 328.
McClelland, Mr. John, 416,
McClure, Mr. Alexander, 343.
McChire, Eev. Andrew. 515, 516, 542.
McCIure, Mr. David (Elder), 505.
McClure, Eev. David, 437, .504.
McConkey, Mr. William, 343.
McConnell, Eev. James. 402, 515, 510, 529,
542.
McCook, Eev. Archibald. 85, 88, 93.
McCooml), Mr. Eobert, 297.
McCorkcl, Eev. James, 486, 496.
McCorkle, Eev. Samuel, 451, 459, 494, 502,
515, 542.
McCracken, Eev. Thomas, 342, 378, 390,
394. 400, 411.
McCrea, Eev. James, 233, 235. 236, 239, 244,
247, 250, 258, 263, 20}), 277, 280, 285,
291, 298, 306, 308, 313, 314. 334, 341,
351, .364, 377, 391.
case of. 274, 279.
McCrea, William, 255, 291, 297, 300.
McCrca, Eev. Jlr. (Orange Presb.), 487.
McCrearv, Eev. John, 365, 375. 387, 389,
390, 394, 400, 404, 411, 412, 418,419,
424, 426, 432, 437. 4.50, 458, 461, 477,
480, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 497, 501,
505, 515, .528. 542.
McCue, Eev. John. 515, 510, .529, 542.
McCnllough, Mr. Hugh (Elder), 412, 541.
McDonald, Eev. John, .507, 515, 516, 522,
.52S, .541, .542.
McDowell, Eev. Alexander, 161, 162, 164,.
170, 171, 17.5, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194,
196, 199, 202, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211,
212. 214, 220, 224. 2.30, 285,290, 291,
INDEX.
565
298, 302, 303, 306, 303, 309-316, 320,
322, 323, 324, 334, 335, 341, 344, 350,
351, 353, 364, 365, 377, 389, 398, 400,
411, 417, 419, 424, 428, 431, 433, 437,
439, 444, 450, 461, 477, 480, 482, 485,
489, 493.
McElroy, Mr. John, 411.
McEweu, Mr., licentiate, 480, 487.
McFarquiiar, Eev. Collin, 462, 472, 476,
479, 489, 492, 495, 496, 501, 506, 515,
528, 542.
McFerrin, Kev. Thomas, 437, 462, 471, 473,
477, 492, 496, 506, 515, 528, 542.
McGill, Eev. Daniel, 31, 34, 38, 42, 50, 55,
57, 59, 60. 64, 69, 75, 79.
McGill, Rev. Hugh, 437, 477, 489, 492, 496,
501, 506, 515, 528, 542.
case of, 437, 456, 465, 474.
McHenry, Rev. Francis, 150, 155, 161, 165,
172, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199,
201, 205, 209, 211, 214, 220, 224.
Mcllroy, Mr. Hugh, 306.
Mcllvaine, Mr. Ferguson, 541.
Mclntyre, Mr. William, 496.
McKean, Mr. Thomas, 341.
McKee, Rev. James, 494, 502, 503, 515, 542.
McKee, Eev. William, 514, 528, 541.
Mackey, Mr. Robert, 380, 390.
McKennan, Eev. William, 210, 220, 224,
230, 285, 291, 297, 306, 313, 320, 322,
323, 3.34, 341, 351, .364, 365, 377, 389,
400, 411, 424, 437, 449, 457, 458, 461,
477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501,
506, 515, 517, 528, 542.
McKinlev, Mr. Nathaniel, 322, 323, 324,
377, 386, 452, 458.
McKnight, Agnes. 326.
McKuight, Eev, Charles, 233, 235, 236, 238,
239, 244, 247, 250, 259, 263, 269, 277,
280, 285, 291, 294, 297, 299, 300, 304,
306, 307, 310, 311, 312, 313, 322, 323,
326, 333, 341, 348, .351, 355, 364, 376,
377, 390, 401, 403, 424, 431, 436, 437,
438, 450, 461. 471, 476, 477, 480.
McKnight, Mr. John, 291.
McKnight, Rev. John, 462, 477, 489, 492,
496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 541.
McKnight, Rev. William, 323, 410, 412.
Macky, Rev. John, 28.
Macky, Mr. Robert, 390.
McMasters, Rev. Samuel, 485, 487, 489, 496,
501, 506, 515, 528, 542.
McMillan, Rev. John, 462, 472, 477, 489,
491, 496, 502, 515, 528, 542.
McMordie, Eev. Eobert, 210, 211, 214, 220,
224, 230, 285, 291, 297, 298, 306, 308,
314, 334, 341, 343, 346, 349, 351, 353,
366, 371, 383, 390, 391, 400, 411, 424,
427, 432, 437, 439, 450, 476, 482, 485,
489, 492, 496, 501, 504, 505, 514, 528,
542.
McNair, Mr. James, 411.
McNalt, Col. Alexander, 388.
McNeal, John, case of, 119, 120.
McNish, Rev. George, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17,
21, 22, 30, 31. 32, 37, 38, 42, 48, 50,
52, 55, 56, 59, 64, 69, 77.
estate of, 84, 88.
McPherran. See McFerrin.
McWhorter, Rev. Alexander, 293, 297, 298,
299, 302, 304, 313, 322, 323, 333, 340,
341, 343, 344, 346, 348, 349, 351, 352,
354, 356, 360, 364, 372, 374, 375, 376,
377, 380, 383, 386, 388, 390, 391, 397,
398, 400, 401, 402, 406, 408, 410, 412,
413, 414, 416, 424, 425, 426. 427, 428,
429, 432, 436, 438, 440, 441, 444, 447,
450, 454, 456, 457, 461, 471, 476, 478,
479, 482, 486, 489, 491, 492, 494, 496,
499, 501, 505, 510, 515, 528, 541, 543.
Madowell, John, 123.
Magaw, Rev. Samuel, 314, 346, 347.
Magill. See McGill.
Mahafley, Andrew, appeal of, 331.
Mahou, Rev. William, 516.
Maidenhead, N. J., congregation, 24, 132,
137, 138, 147, 148, 197, 235, 237, 239,
Maidenhead Presbytery, 70.
Majority to rule in call of minister, 24,
28, 274, 295.
vote to decide questions, 168, 233, 239,
243, 286, 296.
Makemie, Rev. Francis, 9, 10, 11.
Maltby, Rev. John, 251, 259, 263, 270, 277,
280, 285, 291, 297, 307, 313, 333, 341,
351, 364, 377, 390, 401.
Manahawkin, X. J., 326, 417, 418.
Manners. See Reformation.
Manning, Mr. James, 400, 404.
Manse, to be provided, 359.
Marlborough, Md., 40, 41,
Marriage, case of conscience, 300, 303.
clandestine, 116.
deliverance concerning, 427.
of divorced persons, 509.
forms of. 111.
judgment in case, 427.
laws, Levitical and civil, concerning,
50, 290, 295, 300, 301, 303, 309, 312,
410, 427, 499, 500, 502.
licenses. 111, 115, 110, 429.
ministers censured, 198.
ministers enjoined, 500.
Pennsylvania licenses. 111.
promise of, 198.
registers, 359.
regulations concerning, 115, 295, 300,
3C9, 311, 312, 381, 393, 402, 403, 410,
419, 427, 475, 478.
right of Presbytery to declare void,
509.
See, also. Deceased Wife's Sister.
Marsh Creek, people of, 398.
Marshall, Rev. William, 460, 488.
Martin, Eev. Henry, 258, 263, 270, 277,
280, 285, 288, 291, 297, 302, 306, 308,
311, .313, 316, 318, 334.
Martin, Rev. James (Lewes Presb.), 107,
109, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 150, 155,
161, 16.5.
Martin, Rev. James (Donegal Presb.), 476,
478, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 506, 514,
.526, .528, 541.
Martin, Eev. John, 280, 285, 289, 291, 298.
Marvland, supplies for, 237, 239.
Mather, Eev. Cotton, 15, 16, 28. 29.
Matthews, Mr. John, 313.
Mattison, Mr. Aaron, 322, 377, 400, 401,
402, 407, 425, 484.
Maxfield, Mr. John, 341.
Maxwell, Mr. John, Md., 364, 365, 390, 394.
Maxwell, Mr. John, N. J., 351, 353, 356,
364, 374.
566
INDEX.
Mead, Rev. Solomon, 351, 377, 3S1, 401,
-IKJ, 4-J4, 425, 436, 438, 461, 471, 489,
528, 541.
Meas, Mr. John, 324, 326.
llcchlin, Kev. Robert, 503, 529, 531, 542
Mectiiifjs, i)laces, aud dates:
General Presbytery :
Freehold, N. J., 1706.
New Castle, Del., 1713, 1715, 1717.
Philadelphia, Pa., 1707-1712, 1714,
1716.
General Synod :
Philadelphia, Pa., 1717-1744.
Synod of Philadelphia:
Philadelphia. Pa.. 1745-1758.
Synod of Ne\v York :
Elizaliethtowu, N. J., 1745.
New York. 1746.
JIaidenhead, N. J., 1747-1750, 1757.
Newark, N. J., 1751, 1752, 1754,
1756.
Philadelphia. Pa., 1753, 1755, 1758.
Synod of New York and Philadelphia :
BeduiiiLstcr, N. J., 1778.
Elizabc'thtown, N. J,. 1764.
New York, N. Y., 1766. 1770. 177.5.
Philadelphia, Pa., 1758-1763, 1765.
1767-1769. 1771-1774. 1776, 1777,
1779-1788.
See, also. Next Meeting.
Meeting-house, separate, decision as to, 84,
87.
location of, settled, 86, 87, 91, 97, 98,
101, 297.
Meetings, interlocutory, 62, 63, 162, 234.
2)ro re vatu, 71, 124.
Member, church, received by act of Synod,
98.
inspection and discipline, 25, 34, 37.
See, also, Susi)ension.
Members of Svnod assessed for expenses
of meeting, 68, 70, 529.
lists of, 156, 412.
qualifications of, 153, 154.
rules of business, 298, 302, 304.
See. also, Absentees, Presbytery, Synod.
Mendham, N. J., 297.
IMercer, Mr. James, 515.
ISIiddle Octorara, Pa., congregation of, 156.
Middleton, congregation of, 213, 290.
Millar. See Miller.
Miller, Rev. Alexander (Hanover Presb.),
230, 231, 285, 289, 291, 292, 298, 307,
314, 320.
case of, .394. .395, 396.
Miller, Rev. Alexander (New York Presb.),
410, 411, 41.3, 417, 419, 424, 436, 450,
451, 458, 461. 471, 47.3, 474, 476, 480,
489, 492, 493, 495, 496, 497, 501, 503,
505, .508. 514, 528, 531, 541.
Miller, Rev. John. 224, 226, 228, 230, 285,
288, 291, 292, 294, 295, 297, 298, 300,
306, 308, 313, 314, .320, 322, 323, 329,
.334, 335, 3.36. 340, 341, 342. .351, 352,
353, 360, 362, 364, 366, 367, 369, 374,
.375, .377, 378, 379, 381, 389, 391, 396,
400, 402, 406, 411, 412, 423, 425, 426,
431, 4.36, 4.38, 444, 449, 451, 4.52, 453,
456, 4.57. 458, 4.59. 463, 474, 477, 485,
486, 489, 492. 496, 497, 501, 505, 506,
511, 514, .524, .528, 542,
Miller, John Peter, 99.
Miller, Rev. William. 4.36, 438.
Mills, Rev. SanuRi, 4U4, 416, 424, 426, 436,
440, 461, 471, 528. 541.
Mills, Rev. William. 29«, 299, 307, 314, 322.
323, 333, 340, 341, 346, 351, 362. .364.
365, 373, 374, 377, 379, 381, 388, 390,
400, 401, 402, 40(), 412, 424, 425, 426,
429, 436, 438, 440, 451.
Minisinks, N. J., 138.
Ministers and ministry, absent, received
on certificate, 28.
added to Presbytery to make up
quorum, 211.
admission, 17, 25, 109, 110, 111, etc.
admission refused, 60.
and the Adopting Act. 1729, 94, 98.
annual rejjort to Presbytery, 18, 21,
22, 40, 45, etc.
assistants to, 37, 41.
call, candidate rejected, 77.
censured. 111, 115. 339.
conditional ordination, 399.
credentials of, 17, 2.5, 26, 31, 57, 59,
94, 99. 135, 13j<, 200.
demission of. 84.
deserting, 394.
dismission and reception to be re-
ported, 437.
disowned, 200.
duties of, 10, 11.
education of, 21, 511.
erased from roll, 123, 156, 507, 510.
exercise of. 132.
faithfulness, annual inquiry as to.
Ill, 115. etc.
fugitive, ]2.3.
inquiry as to relations, etc, 25, 34, 39,
111, "115.
irregular change of field disapproved,
11.5, 206.
itinerant, 105, 154, 167, 173, 179, 185,
189, 361, 404.
life allowance, 105.
lists of. 156. 412. 526, 529, 531, 542,
544. See, also, lioll.
location of, 28.
maintenance of, 93, 104, 105, 106, 359,
405, 499.
majority vote to rule in call of, 24,
28, 274, 295.
names, according to seniority of ordi-
nation, 526.
ordered to cease from service in a par-
ticular place, 28.
preaching out of bounds, 137.
protest against persecution of, 105.
pulpit supplies, 1.3.5, 1.38, 146, 154, etc.
qualifications for, 77, 234.
rece])tion of. (iO, 98, 102, 109, 128, 144,
334, 344. 3.50, 437, 465, .504.
regulations concerning. 24, 77, 98, 115,
119, 123, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 146,
151, 153, 154, 160, 162, 249, 305, 345,
447, 511.
resumption, conditions of, 84.
salaries, 3.59.
separation of, 394.
settlement of, 274. 279.
supervision and discipline of, 25, 34,
37, 111, 11.5, .504. 510.
translation of, 108, 109, 129, 133, 267,
345.
INDEX.
567
Ministers, visiting of families, 105, 107, 111,
260.
without charge, reasons to be given,
510.
See, also, Candidates, Confession, Disso-
lution, Excommunication, Laying on of
hands. License, Licensure, Licentiates,
Ministers (foreign). Ordination, Pas-
toral call. Pastoral relation. Plagiar-
ism, Preaching, Probationers, Qualifica-
tions, Restoration, Salaries, Subscrip-
tion, Suspension, Trial.
Ministers, Foreign, and Probationers:
certificate alone insufficient, 344.
corroborative evidence necessary, 51,
lis, 119, 12.3, 338, 4.37, 455, 542.
credentials approved, 49, 51, 52, 60,
118, 123, 133, 172.
credentials not ap|)roved, 60, 128.
pastoral call to, 172.
probation required, 119.
reception of, great care to be taken in,
305, 358, 443-445.
reception reversed by Synod, 4.37.
regulations concerning, 118, 119, 338,
344, 4.55.
review by Svnod, 135, 442, 443, 448,
455, 456, 463, 507, 517, 542, 544.
standing committee of Presbytery, 119.
subscription necessary, 118.
subscription alone insufficient, 338.
Minority to be peaceable, 233, 286, 296.
Minutes, alteration of, 67, 498.
annual distribution, 3.52, 3.53, 366.
committee to review, 487, 488, 490,
511, 531.
extracts furnished, 81.
not to be expunged, 499.
last session, 93, 108, 109, 110, etc.
publication of, 538, 542, 544, 545.
reading of, 35, 38, 48, 55, 59, 75, 78, 82,
85, 88, etc.
review of, 77, 488.
transcribed into book, 242.
See, also, Records.
Miscellaneous business, committee on, 17.
See, also. Bills and Overtures.
Missionaries, maintenance of, 340, 400, 473,
476.
negro, 456, 458, 4.59.
to North Carolina, 340, 344, 349.
testimonials of, 399.
See, also, Indians and 3Iissions.
Missions, bequest of Rev. Diodati Johnson
to, 452.
frontier, etc., .326, 332, 335, .339, 340, 354,
362, 369, 375, 376, 400, 405, 410, 419,
428, 429, 459, 463, 464.
Indian, collection for, 350.
to South and West, 448, 484.
Mitchell, Rev. Alexander, 365, 390, 397,
400, 410, 421, 424. 436, 449, 455, 461,
471, 472, 476, 478, 480, 482, 485, 486,
492, 493, 496, .501, 506, 515, 528, 542.
Mitchell, James, 61, 62.
Mitchell, Rev. James, 495, 515, 5i6, 529,
542.
Moderator, admonition by, 35.
authority of, 304, 472.
chooses place of meeting, 277, 479.
election deferred, 472.
first General Assembly, 548
Moderator, last moderator to act in ab-
sence or death of, 336, 401.
leaves chair in judicial case, 447.
leet for, 75.
letters signed by, 19, 58.
meeting, no power to alter time, 472.
member, Bills and Overtures Commit-
tee, 55, 59, 65, 69, etc.
new, charge to, 304, 322, 334, 341, etc.
pro tern., 281, 399.
reelection of, 310.
retiring, address to Synod, 304.
retiring, nominates candidates for suc-
cession, 50, 55.
rules for, 304.
sermon by last year's, 46, 48, 51, 55,
59, 65, etc.
Synod's commission, 281, 305.
tenure of office, 310.
Moderators :
General Presbytery :
1706, Francis Makemie, 9.
1707, John Wilson, 9.
1708, Samuel Davis, 11.
1709, Jedediah Andrews, 14.
1710, George McXish, 17.
1711, John Wilson, 21.
1712, Jedediah Andrews, 25.
1713, John Henry, 30.
1714, Jedediah Andrews, 34.
1715, John Hampton, 38.
1716, George McNisb, 42.
General Synod (Philadelphia) :
1717, Jedediah Andrews, 48.
1718, Daniel McGill, 50.
1719, John Thompson, 55.
1720, Malachi Jones, 59.
1721, Jonathan Dickinson, 64.
1722, John Thomson, 69.
1723, Malachi Jones, 75.
1724, George Gillespie, 78.
1725, David Evans, 81.
1726, Thomas Craighead, 82.
1727, John Pierson, 85.
1728, Jedediah Andrews, 88.
1729, James Anderson, 93.
1730, William Tenuent, 96.
1731, Joseph Morgan, 100.
1732, William Stewart, 101.
1733, .Joseph Houston, 103.
1734, Ebenezer Pemberton, 107.
1735, Robert Cross, 112.
1736, Adam Bovd, 122.
1737, Henry Hook, 130.
1738, Richard Treat, 136.
1739, James Anderson, 143.
1740, John Pierson, 150.
1741, Jedediah Andrews, 1.56.
1742, .Jonathan Dickinson, 162.
1743, David Cowell, 165.
1744, Francis McHenry, 172.
1745, Robert Cathcart, 177.
1746, Francis Alison, 184.
1747, Alexander McDowell, 190.
1748, John Elder, 193.
1749, Timothy Griffith, 195,
1750, John Steel, 197.
1751, Robert Cross, 199.
1752, David Cowell, 205.
17.53, Hector Alison, 209.
17.54, Francis McHenry, 211.
1755, Joseph Tate, 214.
568
INDEX.
Moderators :
General Synod (Pliiladelphia) :
1756, John Guild, -J-io.
1757, Adaui Hoyd, ^■^4.
1758, Samj)Son .Suiitii, 2'M.
Synod of >ie\v York:
1745, Jonatlian Dickinson, 234.
174(j, Ebenuzer Pemberton, 235.
1747, Gilbert Teiinent, 236.
1748, .Tosepli Lamb, 236.
1749, John I'ierson, 238.
1750, William Tunnent, 240.
Ebeuezer Prime, 242.
1751, John Blair, 244.
1752, Richard Treat, 247.
1753, Samuel Fiuley, 251.
1754, James Davenport, 259.
1755, Aaron Burr, 263.
1756, William Teunent,270.
1757, l.^avid Bostwick, 277.
1758, Samuel Davies, 280.
Synod of New York and Philadelphia :
1758, Gilbert Tennent, 285.
1759, Kobert Cross (resicined).
Richard Treat, 291,
1760, Samuel Davies, 298.
1761, Eliliu Spencer, 307.
1762, John Braiuerd, 314.
1763, John Rodgers, 322.
1764, Charles Beatty. 3.34.
1765, John Miller, .341.
1766, Elihu Spencer, 352.
1767, Andrew Hunter, 365.
1768, John Blair, 378.
1769, William Kirkpatrick, 390.
1770, Alexander McWhorter, 401.
1771, William Ramsev, 411.
1772, Joseph Treat, 424.
1773, .Tames Sproat, 437.
1774, Robert Smith, 4.50.
1775, Benjamin Hait, 461.
1776, Robert Coo])er, 472.
1777, John Carmichael, 477.
1778, Timothy Jones (Johns), 480.
1779, Dr. John Ewing, 482.
1780, John Miller, 486.
1781, George Duffield. 489.
1782, James Latta, 493.
1783, John McCrearv, 497.
1784, Jonathan Elmer, 502.
1785, Matthew Wilson, 506
1786, Alexander Miller, ,515.
1787, Jedediah Chapman. ,529.
1788, .Tohn Woodhull. 542.
Moffat, Rev. John, 244, 247, 2.50, 258, 263,
270, 280, 285, 291, 297, 298, 307, 313,
333, 341, 351, 364, 377, 390. 401, 411,
424, 436, 4.50, 461, 471, 476, 480, 482,
489, 496, .501, .505, 515, .528, .543.
Moffett, Moffort. See 3rofat.
Monokin, Md., people of, 13, 18, 20, 23, 25,
.33. 35, .52, 124.
^lonongahela, Pa., people of, 4.32, 439.
Monroe. See Munro.
Monteith, Rev. Walter, 522, .528. 530, 541,
547.
Montgomcrv, Rev. John, 34.5, 389, 394, 495,
515, .528, 542.
Montgomery, Rev. Joseph, 298, 302. .304,
314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 333, 334, 337,
338, 339, 340, 341, 347, 348, .3.50, 351,
354, .3.56, 364, 365, 366, 371, 375, 376,
,377, 378, 379, 381, 383, 388, 389, 397
400, 402, 403, 404, 406, 408, 411, 412
413, 416, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429,
430, 436, 4.38, 439, 440, 441, 444, 450
455, 456, 464, 471, 476, 4b0, 482, 485
489, 492, 494, 496, 501, 507.
erasure from roll, 507, 508, 510, 516.
Monthlv collections, 106.
Moor. John, 109, 114.
Moor and Cunningham, bond, 191.
Moore, Mr. John, elder, 377, 406.
Morehead, James, case of, 60, 65, 66.
Morgan. Rev. Joseph, 17, 18, 25, 31, 38, 42,
48, 50, 55, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 82, 85,
88, 93, 96, 97, 99, 101, 103, 107, 112,
122, 143, 1.50.
case of, 90, 91, 1.32, 137, 129, 144.
Morison's Settlement, N. C., 226.
Morrison, Rev. Evander, 2.50, 259, 263, 270.
Morrison, Rev. Hugh, 516, 529, 543.
Mottison. See Mnttiaon.
Mount Bethel, Pa., 405, 543.
Mount Holly, N. J., 376.
Muir, Rev. James, 516, 528, 541, 545.
Mulford, Mr. Jacob, 515.
Munro, Rev. Harry. 2fil, 294, 295, 296.
Munro, Rev. James, 507, 515, 528, 542.
Murdoch, Rev. Jonathan. 411, 424, 436, 451.
Murrav, Mr. Humphrev, will of, 213.
Murrav, Rev. John, case of, 334, 340, 352,
3.53, 354, 355, 366.
Muskingum River, mission on, 376, 380.
Mustard, Mr. John, 291.
NANOHAWKIN. See Mnnalia%L-¥vn.
Narrative. See KeJi(jio)i.
Nassau Hall. See j\'e«' Jersey College.
Nealy, Samuel, case of, 95. 97, 100, 101,
102, 104.
Necrology, ministerial, 14, 23, 31, 35, 48,
50, 64, 77, 79, 82, 93, 103. 112, 143.
150, 156, 162, 165, 172, 177, 184, 190,
193, 197, 199, 2p9, 211, 214, 220, 224,
235, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 248. 251,
259, 281, 298, 307, 322, 334, 3.35, 342,
352, 365, 378, 390, 401, 411, 424, 425,
437, 4,50, 451, 462, 472, 477, 480, 483,
486, 490, 493, 503, 508, 516, 529, 530,
543.
Neely, Mr. Joseph, 505.
Negro missionaries, 456, 4.58, 459.
Negro slavery. 458, 487.
Negroes, instruction of, 539, 540.
Nesbit, Rev. Charles, D. D., 528, 530, 541.
Nesbitt, Rev. John. 63.
Neshaminv, Pa., congregation of, 25, 26,
127," 133, 311, 3i5, 316, 379.
Netfield, Mr. Cornelius, 405.
Newark, Academy, 420.
Newark, N. J., congregation of, 166, 242,
269, 280, 283, 294, 299, 300. 454.
retirement of Mr. Braiuerd, 294, 299.
Newbern, N. C, 361, .374. 375.
New Brunswick, Chassis of, 505.
New Brunswick, Presbytery of, 138, 14.3,
144, 14.5, 146, 147, 1,50, 1.52, 154, 1.56,
163. 166, 168, 170, 172, 173, 174, 176,
177, 233, 2.35, 2.37. 241, 244, 245, 248,
2.50, 258, 263, 268, 269, 273, 274, 275,
277, 281, 282, 283. 284, 288, 293, 298,
303, .306, .307, 312, 313, 314, 320, 322,
333, 339, 340, 341, 343, 351, 352, 365,
INDEX.
569
371, 377, 400, 410, 424, 436, 450, 464,
471, 476, 479.
changes in, 462, 486, 490, 493. 503, 507.
churches put i u charge of, 407.
division of, 246.
ejected members, 158, 159, 162.
proposals for agreement, 168, 172, 179^
protests against exclusion, 150, 155,
163, 167,'" 172.
Eowland case, 148.
New Castle County, 224.
New Castle, Del., people of, 11, 13, 15, 30,
65, 346, 347, 354.
New Castle Presbytery, 45, 49, 56, 59, 60,
68, 70, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82,
83, 84, 85, 88, 93, 96, 97, 98, 100, 103,
107, 111, 112, 114, 116, 117, 123, 131,
136, 139, 143, 144, 150, 156, 161, 164,
166, 170, 171, 172, 175, 176, 177, 178,
189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196,
197, 199, 200, 201, 202, 205, 206, 208,
209, 210, 212, 213,214,220,224,229,
233, 235, 237, 244, 250, 255, 259, 261,
263, 270, 273, 275, 277, 279, 281, 282,
295, 298, 302, 303, 306, 307, 310, 313,
322, 332, 333, 340, 341, 345, 346, 347,
348. 349, 365, 377, 383, 387, 388, 389,
400, 404, 409, 411, 424, 429, 431, 436,
449, 4.56, 458, 461, 471, 480.
alteration of, 384, 447, 487, 493, 498, 507.
First Presbytery of, 289, 292, 294.
remodeling of, 356.
restored, 360.
scheme for education, 419, 420.
school committee, 210.
Second Presbytery of, 289, 292.
New England, churches of, 96, 100, 338,
356.
ministers from, 187, 399.
will of Dr. Williams. 99.
New England Company, Loudon, 300.
New Haven, Conn., Association of, 401.
New Haven College, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73.
New Holland, Synod of, 397.
New Jersey, effort to move Synod meet-
ings, 225.
Indian lands, 299.
New Jersey, College of, 244, 247, 248, 251,
252, 256, 264, 265, 266, 269, 270, 271,
276, 278, 281, 283, 292, 298, 299, 300,
307, 308, 309, 314, 323, 335, 337, 342,
353, 354, 365, 366, 379, 380, 386, 393,
396, 397, 398, 399, 408, 417, 428, 434,
441, 4.52.
appointments of ministers to service,
283, 292.
collections and subscriptions for, 248,
251, 252, 2,59, 264, 267, 270, 271, 276,
278, 408, 417, 428, 434, 441.
committee on funds, 244, 256, 343, 353,
.365, 379, 392, 396, 398, 408.
Davies, President, release from pas-
torate, 292.
divinity, professor of, 386, 399.
education fund, 265, 271, 276, 278, 281,
293, 298, 314, 335, 343, 353, 365, 379,
392, 407, 416, 425, 426, 438, 451, 462,
473, 481, 484, 486, 487, 490, 494.
education fund, exhibit of, 293, 323,
.335, 342, 407, 416, 425, 438, 451.
Indian fund, 343, 405, 428, 439. 453,
464, 473, 479, 480, 483, 486, 487.
New Jersey, College of, power of Synod
over funds, 289.
receipts, 278, 281, 293.
"representation" printed, 398.
Scotland, petition to Church of, 256.
treasurer's accounts, 293, 342, 3.53.
trustees, petitions of, 244, 247, 248,
256, 266, 292, 386, 396.
See, also. Candidates and Fund for
Pious Uses.
"New Light," the, disapproved, 338.
New London, Pa., congregation of, 95, 96,
210.
New London, school at, 175, 176, 187.
New Providence, congregation, N. C, 237,
346, 360, 498, 544, 548.
New Eiver, 510.
New Eochelle, N. Y., 471.
New Side, committee for agreement with,
appointed, 162.
demand for part of the Synodical fund,
177.
members of, withdraw from Synod,
1.59.
protest against action of Synod, 146,
153.
protest against exclusion of the Pres-
bytery of New Brunswick, 163.
protestation against members of, 157.
protestation against protest, 164.
proposal for peace, 167, 172.
propo.sal for a new Synod, 168.
proposal for agreement, 179.
reply of Synod to demand, 177.
See, also. New York, Presbytery and
Synod.
Newton, Mr. James, 503.
Newtown, L. I., 41, 46, 49, 154, 177, 475,
543.
New York, congregation of, 49, 56, 59, 61,
64, 76, 79, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 97. 99,
248, 2.50, 256, 261, 264, 267, 268, 272,
274, 277, 345, 400, 454.
commission appointed hy Synod, 255.
decisions as to property, etc., 249, 252,
255, 260, 265.
division of, 73, 267.
minutes of committee, 89.
New York, Dutch ministers in, 242.
New York, Highlands of, 116, 120, 122,
123.
New York Presbytery, 1.36, 1.38, 143, 144,
149, 1.50, 152. 1.5,5, 1.56, 161, 162, 166,
167, 171, 172, 177, 178, 188, 221, 236,
241. 244, 248, 2.50, 2.58, 2.59, 261, 262,
267, 268, 269, 270, 273, 275, 277, 280,
281, 282. 283. 288. 298, 306, 307, 311,
313, 314, 316, 319, 322, 333, 339, 340,
341, 352, 361. 365, 373, 377, 400, 410,
424, 436, 4.50, 453, 454, 461, 462, 470,
471, 476, 479.
changes in, 490.
commission from. 178.
grant of funds, 410.
members, 174.5, 233.
ministers of, 143, 149, 164, 179, 180, 181,
233.
overture as to the divisions in the
Synod, 167.
request from, for agreement, 178.
request for a new Synod, 181.
New York, Synod of. See Synod.
570
INDEX.
New York and New Jersey, Svnod of, 524,
548.
New York and Philadelphia, Synod of.
See Synod.
Next meeting, place of, General Presby-
tery, 13, 17, 21, 34, 38, 42.
General Synod, 68, 77, 80, 81, 85, 88,
96, yi), ioi, 102, 112, 127, 135, 149,
154, 164, 171.
Synod of New York, 2.34, 2.35, 236, 2.37,
239, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 262, 269,
277, 280.
Synod of New York and Philadelphia,
306, 313, 322, 333, 341, 351, 364, .377,
389, 400, 409. 410, 423, 436, 449. 460,
471, 476, 479, 482, 485, 488, 492, 495,
.501, 505, 514, 527, 541.
change of place, 479.
moderator to choose place, 277.
Nicholl, Dr. John, 83. 85, 86, 89, 99.
Niles, Rev. Nathaniel, 405, 412.
Noel, Mr. Garret, 333, 334, 335, 341, 400,
436, 438, 441, 461.
Nola Chucky, 525, 536.
Norcross, Mr. William, 367.
Norfolk, Va., 545.
Norrington, Pa., people of, 149, 155, 161,
200, 210, 211, 226, 498.
North Britain, 172, 194.
North Carolina, back country of, 212.
people of, 175, 210, 212, 214, 215, 220,
224, 226, 262, 2()3, 264, 265, 274, 283,
310, 339, 340, 344, 346, 349, 353, 361,
374, 375, 399, 422. 473.
North Holland, Church of, 419, 421.
Synod of. 38(5, 413, 453.
Nortli Mountain, Va.. 206, 226.
North of Ireland, Synod of, 142.
North Eiyer, Va., 206.
Northern Neck, Va., 311.
Northumberland Co., supplies for, 479.
Northumberlandtown, Pa., Church, 543.
Norton, Mr., 297.
Notice to parties at issue, 87, 108, 328.
public, as to elders, 252.
timely, to congregation, 210.
Nottingham, Pa., congregation of. 109, 113,
170, 175, 301.
Nottingham Sermon, "Mr. Tennent's, 169.
Noya Scotia, missionaries for, 3S8, 389. .393.
Nutman, Rev. John, 103, 106, 107, 108, 109,
110, 112, 122, 130, 136, 143, 149, 161,
164, 177.
OBJECTIONS, opportunity for expression
of, 108.
Occum. Rev. Samson, 324, 333, 336, 341,
351, 364. 377, 390, 401, 424, 541.
Octorara, Pa., 206.
Offenses, private course in, .327.
Ogden, Col.inel. 110, 115, 121.
Ogden, Mr. Joseph, 411, 412.
Ogden, ;Mr. Robert, 322, 351, 3.53, 3.56, 400,
402, 405, 425, 428. 429, 461, 484.
Ogden, Mr. Thomas. 306, 313, 318.
Old House, N. J., 246.
Old Psalms. See Psalms.
Old Side. See New Side and Synod.
Oliver, Mr. John, 333.
Oneida Indians. See Iiulians.
<^peken, Del., supplies for, 237.
Orange Co., Va., 374.
Orangedale, N. Y., church, 544.
Orange Presbvterv, 409, 413, 424, 437, 440,
441, 449, 4.59, 461,462, 471.
boundary line, 504.
division of, 504.
Order, church, rules of, 160. 304.
Orders of Synod, execution of, insisted on,
404.
Ordinances, scaling, 41, 249, 340. See,
also, Baptism and Lord's Supper.
administration by impostor invalid,
249.
Ordination of ministers, 9, 18, 21, 22. 23,
25, 26, 28, 32, 35, 36, 38, 39, 44, 249,
319.
by committee, 11, 26, 32, 34. 35, 36, 38,
39, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 52, 55 llti, 117.
conditional, .399.
at distance from charge. 120.
hasty, 120.
licensure not to be at same meeting,
339.
mnst be licensed first, 339.
praver, fasting, laying on of hands at,
32, 36, 38, 39.
qualifications, 287, 511.
right of Presbytery, 154, 445.
sermon, 44.
sine titulo. 119, 314, 321, 330, 336, 337,.
361, 414, 415, 465, 473, 480, 488, 491,
494, .507. 511, 516, 543.
Synod, submitted to, 465.
validity of. 154.
without trials, disapproved, 339.
See, also. Elders and Chaplain.
Orme, Rev. John, 59, 60, 64, 69, 75, 78, 92,
96, 100, 101, 102, 103, 107, 112, 122,
130, 136, 143, 1.50, 164.
Orr, Rev. Robert, 39, 42, 43, 48, 50, 55, 57,
59.
Orr, Rev. William, 101, 103, 107, 112, 113,.
123.
Osborn's Settlement, N. C, 226.
Overtures, 10, 11, 27, 43, 53, 08, 83, etc.
method of presenting, 68.
Overtures, Committee of, 17, 49, 51, 55, 57,
58, 59, 60, 61, 65, 06, 67, 68, 69, 75,
78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 85, 88, 93, 96, 100,.
102, 103, 104, 107, 112, 12.3. 131, 136,
143. 150. 160, 262, 270, 273, 279, 292,
298, 307, 314. 334, 342, 346, 347, 3.53,
360, 365, 378, 391, 401, 412, 425, 428,
438, 451, 462, 472, 477. 480. 483, 486,
489, 493. 497. 502, 506, 515, 529, 542.
minutes of. 419, 428, 453, 458.
New Side, 262, 264, 279, 281.
powers of, 393.
status of, 381.
See, also. Acts.
Oxam, Scotland, 10, 11.
Oxford. N. J., church, 543.
PAC K H U RST. See Parkhurst.
Paine, Rev. Thomas, 333. .341. 351, 365.
Paisley, Presbytery of, Scotland, 172, 391.
Pardovan's Collections recognized, 519, 535.
Park, Mr. Arthur, 482.
Park, Rev. Joseph, 251, 2.59.
Parker, Mr. Gilbert Belcli(>r. 344.
Parkiiurst, Rev. Samuel. .307. 314. 333, 338,
341, 351. 3.52. 364, 378.
Parris, Rev. Noyes, 80, 82, 8.5, 88, 93, 96.
INDEX.
571
Parsons, Robert, 322.
Pasquotauk Co., N. C, 4,54.
Pastor, assistant to, approved, 104, 106.
haste reproved, 8'S.
See, also. Ministers.
Pastoral call, churches encouraged to
make, 10.
approved, 10, 11, 32, 44, 49, 84,126, 431.
church free to make, 126.
no persons to vote who do not con-
tribute, 24.
to foreign minister, 172.
meeting for advertisement, 11.
majority sustained in making, 296.
, regulation for meetings, 119.
left with recipient for consideration, 10.
Synod declines jurisdiction over, 3S8.
Pastoral dissolution refused, 133.
by General Presbyterv, 23, 26, 28.
by Synod, 260, 273, 292, 345, 418, 494.
by commission, 49, 53, 83, 210.
haste reproved, 83, 115.
must be by Presbytery, 115.
Pastoral installation ordered by Synod, 131.
Pastoral letters of Synod, 276, 362, 429, 430,
441, 460, 463, 465, 466, 469, 500.
Pastoral relation, chaplain not to accept,
294.
Pastoral translation, 49, 108, 115, 120, 129,
133, 134, 135, 292, 345.
Pastoral visitation recommended, 105.
Patillo. Rev. Henry, 291, 298, 307, 314, 341,
390, 400, 409, 450, 454, 486, 502, 515,
542, 548.
Patomake. See Potomac.
Patteu, Mr David, 343.
Patterson, Mr. Robert, 391, 394, 501.
Patterson, Mr. William, 411, 412, 426.
Patuxent, Md., people of, 22, 23, 24, 25, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, .57.
Paul, Rev. John, 122, 123, 130, 135, 143, 150.
Paxton, Pa., people of, 126.
Payne. See Paine.
Pearse, Mr. .Tames, 424.
Peck, Rev. James, 377.
Peck, Rev. Joseph, 401, 404.
Pecked Mountain, Va., congregation of,
223, 225.
Pee Dee River, N. C, 387.
Pembertou, Rev. Ebenezer, 86, 87, 89, 90,
93, 96, 97, 100, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122,
130, 135, 143, 149, 161, 164, 177, 202,
233, 235, 236, 239, 242, 244, 247, 250,
259.
Pencader, Del., congregation, 330.
Penn, Richard, 224.
Penn, Hon. Thomas, 224.
Penn's Valley, Pa., 473.
Pennsylvania, addresses to Governor and
Assembly of, 76, 165, 171, 190, 191,
192, 222, 225, 293, 294, 297, 312. 317,
321.
chaplains, 273, 275, 295, 302.
proprietors of, petition to, 224, 225.
request for captives among Indians,
317.
supplies for frontier. 386, 459.
Peppard. Rev. Francis, 3.34, .341, 342, 351,
364, .365, 377, .384, 390, 401, 410, 414,
424, 436, 437, 4.50, 471, 477, 480, 485,
489, 492, 496, ,501, 503, 506, 514, 515,
.527, 528, .541, 546.
Pepper. See Peppard.
Pequally, N. J., 1.38.
Pequea, Pa., congregation of, 139, 144, 152,
153.
Periam, Mr. Joseph, licentiate, 451, 462.
Perquimons Co., N. C, supplies for, 454.
Perth Amboy, N. J., congregation of, 79,
80, 106.
Pew rents, payment of, 267, 275.
Philadelphia, Pa., churches :
separate congregations, 121, 122, 126,
129, 130, 131, 137.
First Church, 108, 121, 137, 142, 252,
255, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 313, 314,
321, 341, 377, 388, 406, 410, 414, 432,
434, 435, 436, 471, 479, 485, 492, 501,
514, 541, 54S.
Second Church, 291, 306, 307, 322, 323,
331, 361, 362, 364, 369, 373, 374, 375,
377, 379, 389, 399, 423, 430, 447, 449,
476, 488, 495, 505, 527, 530, 548.
Third Church, 406, 418, 431, 433, 435.
Market St. Church, 388, 433, 446, 447.
Pine St. Church, 433, 446, 447, 448.
Philadelphia, College of, 219, 227.
Philadelphia, lav elders, petition, 350, 356,
358, 370, 393, 402, 415.
Philadelphia Presbytery, 45, 56, 60, 65, 75,
78, 81, 82, 88, 91, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97,
98, 99, 100. 102, 103, 106, 107, 112, 120,
121, 127, 131, 1.32, 135, 136, 137, 138,
139, 143, 147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 154,
155, 156, 161, 162, 105, 166, 171, 172,
174, 175, 176, 177, 190, 191, 192, 193.
194, 195, 196, 199, 200, 201, 205. 206,
209, 210, 211, 212, 214, 220, 224, 229,
288, 290, 293, 294, 298, 302, 306, 307,
313, 314, 354, 355, 528, 530, 532, 541,
542, .543, 545, 546.
division of, 313, 320, 321, 354, 355.
reorganization, 523.
Philadelphia First Presbvterv, 321, 322,
333, 340, 341, 351, 352, 377, 389, 400,
409, 410, 424, 430, 436, 449, 461, 471,
476, 480.
changes in, 448, 479, 486, 493, 503, 523.
consolidation, 355, 523.
Philadelphia Second Presbyterv, 321, 322,
3.30, 334, 336, 341, 351, 352, 354, 355,
357, 365, 371. 383, 388, 389, 400, 408,
410, 413, 424, 431, 436, 443, 446, 448,
449, 461, 471, 476.
changes in, 383, 384, 479, 486, 507, 523.
consolidation, .355, 523.
members of, .321.
See, also, PhiladelpMa Prexbj/fery.
Philadelphia, school at. See School.
Philadelphia, Synod of. See Synod.
Philips, Rev. George, .50, 55, 59, 64, 69, 75,
143, 1.50.
Phillips, Mr. Jonas, 482.
Pickles, Rev. William, 516, 517, 528, 543.
Pierson, Mr. Bethuel, 365, 377.
Pierson, Rev. John, 41, 43, 45, 48, 50, 55, 56,
59, 64, 68. 69, 75, 78. 80, 85, 88. 92, 96,
99. 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 135,
143, 149, 161, 164, 177, 202, 233, 23.5,
236, 239, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 262,
269, 280, 285, 291, 297, 298, 301, 307,
313, .333, 336, 341, 351, 364, 390, 401,
411.
Pilesgrove, N. J., people of, 60, 61, 63, 152.
572
INDEX.
Piue, Mr. Lazarus, 364.
Pine Tree Hill, 387.
Pinkerton, Mr. Johu, 496, 50.5, 517, 528.
Pious u.ses. fund for. See Fuud.
Piscatua, X. J., 138.
Pittsburg. See Fort Pitt.
Plagiarism, 139.
Playhouse, petition against. 293.
Pocomoke, Md., people of, 52.
Polity. See
Absentee. Marriage.
Acts. Meetini).
Adjourned. Members.
A dm onition. 3Iini.sters.
Adopting Act. Minority.
Amendment. Minutes.
Anthems. Moderator.
Appeals. Narrative.
Arbitration. Notice.
Autonomy. Objections.
Baptism. Offenses.
Basis. Orders.
Bills. Ordinances.
Burials. Ordination.
Candidates. Overtures.
Catechising. Pardovan.
Catechism. Pastoral.
Censors. Pew rent.
Certificates. Plagiarism.
Chaplain. Prayer.
Charges. Preaching.
Church. Presbytery.
Citations. Process.
Civil. Pro re nata.
Clerics. Protest.
Commissio7is. Psalms.
Committees. Pulpit.
Communicants. Qualifications.
Communion. Quorum.
Complaints. Records.
Confession. Reference.
Congregations. Removal.
Constitution. Reports.
Contumacy. Reproof.
Corresponding. Restoration.
Credentials. Retrial.
Delegates. Reversal.
Demission. Roll.
Discipline. Rules.
Dissent. Salaries.
Elders. Scrttples.
Erasure. Secrecy.
. Evidence. Sentence.
Excommunication. Sermon.
Excuses. Session.
Exegesis. Slarws.
Expenses. Societies.
Family. Standards.
Fasting. Stated Clerk.
Government. Statistical.
Hands. Suspension.
Itinerant. Synod.
Judgment. Trial.
Judicial. Trustees.
Latin. Union.
Jmw Suits. Vacant.
Lay. ' ]'ote.
Leave. Voters.
Licentiates. Whole, Com. of.
Lord's Supper. Widows' Fund.
Lot. Witnesses.
Majority. Worsh ip.
Poplar Tent, N. C, people of, 346, 374.
Poor, care of, 359.
Porter, Mr. James, 496.
Porter, Mr. Robert, 4s5, 4fc9, 492, 496, 501.
Potomac, people of, .58, 59, 60, 61, 391.
South liraueh of. 199, 375, 386, 387,
400, 417, 432.
Potomoke. Set Potomac.
Potter, Rev. Elam, 361, 365, 375, 377, 387,
390, 400, 407, 413, 417, 424, 425,
541.
Potter, Mr. Isaiah, 377, 378.
Powell, Rev. Howell, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38, 42,
48.
Power, Rev. James, 437. 474, 477, 482, 485,
489, 491, 492, 493, 495, 496, 502, 6lo,
528, 542.
Prayer, burial of the dead, 260.
closing, 31, 51, 52, 53, 77, 78, 80, 81, 85,
92, etc.
opening, 42, 69, 78, 82, 85, 88, 92, 108,
etc.
meetings, 491.
occasional and public, 547.
secret, 107
special by Synod, 108, 109, 151.
See, also. Fasting.
Preaching, regulations concerning, 138,
146, 147, 151, 154, IbO.
without licens(% censured. 17, 18.
See, also. Ministers, itinerant.
Preachers ajipoiuted before Presbvtery, 9,
10, 11, etc.
Presbyterian Church, U. S. A., Constitu-
"tioii of, 68, 74, 86. 94, 108, 160, 170,
245, 275, 286, 305, 460, 546, 547.
not intoleratit, 499.
See. also. Confession, Constitution,
Polity, Presbytery, Standards and
Synod.
Presbyterian Ministers' Fund. See Relief,
and Widows' Fund.
Presbyteries:
erected,
Abingdon (1785), 511, 522, 542.
Ahington (1751), 246.
Baltimore (1786). 52.3. .542.
Carlisle (1765), 348, .523, 541.
Donegal (1733), 102. 2^9.
Dutchess County (1766), 352, 541.
East Jersey (1733), 106.
Hanover (17551,26.5, 542.
Lancaster (1765), 350.
Lewes (1735), 117, 124, 288, 541, 542.
Lexington (171-6), .523, 542.
Long Island (1716), 46.
New Brunswick (1738\ 1.38. 541.
New Castle (1716), 45, 28!), .541, 542.
New York (1738). 136, 288, 541.
Oraime (1770), 409, 542.
Philadelphia (1716), 45, 288, 541, 542.
Philadelphia Second (1762), 321.
Redstone (1786), 515, 542.
Snow Hill (1716), 46.
South Carolina (1768), 408, .541, 542.
Sufl'olk (1749), 2.36, 288, 541.
Transylvania (1786), 523, 542.
consolidated, 136. 3.50,523.
dissolvt-d, 348, 360, 523.
divided. 45. 106, 117, 138, 246, 321, 409,
511, 522, 523.
restored, 359, 360, 366.
INDEX.
573
Presbytery aud Presbyteries, polity, etc.:
admouitiou, 'Sr,.
autonomy, 319, 321, 445.
bouuds, alteration of, 287, 288, 357, 359,
383, 384, 391, 398, 405, 437, 438, 522, 526.
candidates to be reported, 437.
censured, 148, 510.
churches, list of, 526.
collections, to receive, 212.
collections, report of, 538.
competent number required, 49.
corresponding members, 383.
credentials, 135.
defamation. 18.
delegates, 236, 238.
dismissions to be reported, 437.
disregard of, censured, 83.
division of, refused, 292.
exercises, 21, 22, 25, 27, 32, 42, 43.
expenses of, 43.
expenses of Synod, 526.
inquiry as to ministers and churches,
25, 34, 39, no, 111.
judge of qualifications of candidates,
475.
letter to, on absentee members, 509.
letter to be recorded, 14.
minister added to make up quorum,
211.
minister received, etc., 394.
ministers, list of, .526, 531,
oversight, 137, 138. 337, .393, 465, 495.
places for meeting fixed, 292.
powers of, 154, 443.
pro re nata meetings, 71, 124, 289, 290,
305.
quorum, 132, 136.
receptions to be reported, 437.
records, regulations for, 46, 59, 526.
regulation of, 48, 60, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68,
70, 80, 214, 442.
reports of, 322, 394, 437, 461, 542, etc.
representation by delegates not al-
lowed, 236.
stated meetings, 115, 292.
statistical reports, 526.
statistics, 437.
subordinate meetings, 45.
supplies, 400.
union of, 292.
See, also. Records, Synod, etc.
Price, Eev. David, 485 .
Prime, Eev. Ebeuezer, 236, 238, 242, 244,
247, 250, 258, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291,
298, 307, 333, 341, .351, 364, 373, 377,
390, 401, 404, 414, 424, 517.
Princeton, N. J., 271, 278, 293, 299, 300,
307, 317.
Princeton College. See New Jersey.
Private Christian societies encouraged, 10,
11.
Probationers, rules for, 135.
See, also. Candidates and Licentiates.
Procedure. See Process and Judicial.
Process, forms must be observed, 243, 316,
406.
de novo, 328.
irregular, 396.
must be regular, 243, 546.
Pardovan's forms of, 535.
Professor of divinity. See New Jersey, Col-
lege of.
Promises. See Marriage.
Propagation of Gospel, fund for, 361, 367,
368, 369, 370, 421.
Pro re nata meetings, 71, 124, 290.
Presbytery to ordain candidate, 289.
rules governing, 305.
Protest, against better government, 74.
answer of Synod, 445.
Cross case, 64, 67.
foreign ministers, 443.
Presbytery, New Brunswick case,
164.'
recorded, 74, 163, 164, 3.55, 384, 433,
445.
right to, 218, 286. See, also. Protesta-
tion.
Protestant succession, 95, 127, 142.
Protestation of 1741, 1.57, 167, 170, 172,
179, 218, 222, 223, 241, 243, 253, 279,
286.
See, also, New Side.
Providence, N. C, peoi)le of, 387.
Prudden, Eev. Job, 236. 238, 242, 244, 247, ,
251, 259, 263, 270, 280, 285, 297, 307,
313, 334, 341, 351, 364, 377, 390, 401,
411, 424, 436, 4.50, 477.
Prudden, Mr. Joseph, 333, 335.
Psalms, Barlow edition, 535.
congregation to decide use, 255, 448,
537.
liberty to use, 2.52, 267, 275, 331, 338,
344,' 448, 513, 537.
new version, committee on, 513, 514,
522.
Eouse's version, .5.37.
Scotch version, 267.
Watts' version, 250, 252, 260, 275, 331,
338, 344, 345, 447, 535.
Public fasting and prayer. See Fasting.
Public library, 219.
Public school, 227.
Publications, religious censors appointed,
118. See, also. Books.
Pulpit, reading in, 275.
Pulpit supplies by General Presbytery, 12,
14, 23, 24, 34.
by Synod, 54. 58, 74. 76, 95, 155, 220,
261, 302. 346, 404, 470, 526, etc.
instructions to, 220.
power allowed congregation, 196.
See, also. Licentiates, Ministers, Presby-
tery.
Pumry, Eev. Samuel, 41, 42, 46, 48, 49, 50,
'52, 55, -57, 59, 61, 64, 65, 69, 75, 78,
85, 88, 92, 96, 100, 101, 103, 107, 109,
112, 122, 123, 130, 136, 143, 161, 164,
172, 177.
QUALIFICATIONS. See Candidates, Mem-
hers, and 3rinisters.
Queen Anne's, Md., congregation of, 288.
Queensborough, Ga., people of, 417.
Questions, debated, majority vote, 168,
233, 239, 243, 286, 296.
Quorum, adjournment for lack of, 25. 59,
68, 475.
commission of Synod, 68, 150, 160, 166,
172, 178, lS4.'l90, 192, 193, 19.5. 197.
199, 202, 205, 209, 212, 224. 230, 29.5,
300, 314, 324, 335, 343, 353, 366, 379.
391, 402, 412, 425, 438, 4.59, 463, 474,
477, 481, 482, 489, 493, 497.
574
INDEX.
Quorum, of committee, 132, 179, 296, 308,
312, 320, 328, 383, 398, 407, 438, 478.
of three necessary for Presbytery,
132, 136.
RAMSEY, MR. DAVID, 313.
Kaiusey, Mr. James, 377.
Kamsey, Mr. William, 477, 478.
Kamsev, KeV. William, 277, 280, 285, 288,
291, 297, 304, 306, 307, 312, 313, 322,
333, 334, 339, 340, 341, 346, 347, 351,
353, 364, 365, 371, 374, 375, 376, 377,
378, 383, 389, 400, 404, 408, 410, 411,
424.
Rankin, Rev. Adam, .515, ,516, 542.
liaukiu, Rev. John, 485, 487, 469, 497, 501,
.506, 515, 528, 542.
Raritan River, N. J., 138.
Read. See Eeed.
Read, Rev. James, .390.
Read, Rev. Thomas, 378, 413, 425, 435, 437,
439, 444, 447, 449, 461, 471, 476, 480,
482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 506,
515, 517, 527, 528, 542, 545.
Reader. See Reeder.
Reading in desk, 275.
Reah. See Ehea.
Records of Presbyteries :
annual review by Synod, 46.
approved, with comment, 371, 374, 419,
458.
book of minutes, 39.
censure for not producing, 190, 214,
220, 224, 315, 323. 334.
committee appointed to procure, 334.
committee appointed to review, prior
to meeting of Synod, 375.
committees to review, 52, 56, 60, 65,
69 75, 78, 81, 82, 85, 88, 93, 96, 100,
102, 107, 112, 123, 131, 1.36, 143, 1.50,
1.56, 166, 172, 178, 190, 193. 195, 209,
251, 259, 270, 281, 331, 312. 353, 365,
378, 381, 391, 402, 412, 425. 426, 438,
451, 462, 473, 498, 502, 506, 517, 531,
533, .544.
exceptions to, 147, 282, 330, 339, 398,
476, 510. 514, 525.
form nf, 54, 59.
letter-book ordered, 14.
marginal room. .59.
ordered brought to next Synod, 48,
103, 107, 172, 178, etc.
ordered sent to Synod, in absence of
members of Presbytery, 498.
not produced, 48, 75. 7S, 82, 96, etc.
not produced, reasons sustained, 85,
88.
punctuality insisted on, 462.
record-book ordered. 46, .54.
reports of committees, 74. 77, 80, 81,
83 99. 139. 147. 2.59. 261. 262, 330,
339, 349, .371. 374. 398, 410. 419, 421,
434, 448, 476, .500, 510, 536, 538.
See, also, Minntcn.
Records of sessions ordered, 37, 41.
revised, 41, 46.
Records of Synod :
absence of, does not prevent business,
236. 240, 480.
amendment, 172.
committee appointed to review, 487,
488, 490, 511, 531.
Records of Synod :
committee appointed to revise, 251,
511, 517, 531, 542.
distribution of, 3.52, 353, 366.
expense of distribution, 353.
extracts from, 81, 277, 306.
minutes to be entered in record-book,
242.
printing of, 512, .531, 544.
record-book, 68, 291.
refusal to alter, 67.
Stated Clerk to be annually paid for
transcribing, 251.
See, also. Minutes.
Rednum, Dr., 326.
Redstone, Presbytery, 491, 493, 494.
changes in, 498, 507.
Reed, Rev. Israel, 192, 239, 242, 244, 247,
250, 258, 263, 277, 280, 285, 291, 293,
298, 306, 312, 313, 316, 322, 323, 333.
334, 33(i, 341, 351, 3.52, 353, 364, 365,
366, 374, 377, 379, 380, 400, 402, 403,
407, 411, 412, 416, 424, 425, 426, 436,
450, 454, 464, 471, 477, 480, 485, 492,
494, 496, .501, 506, 515, 528, 541.
Reed, Rev. Joseph, 489, 493.
Reeder, Mr. Jacob. 291, 377.
Reedy Creek, supplies for, 199, 455.
Reese, Oliver, 451.
Reese, Rev. Thomas, 450, 451, 486, 502, 504,
.529, .542.
Reeve. Rev. Abner, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291,
298, 307, 333, 341, 351, 364, 377, 388,
390, 401.
Reeve, Rev. Ezra, 307, 333, 341, 351.
Reeve, Mr. Thomas, 436.
Reeves, Mr. John, 364.
Referees. See Arbitration.
Reference to higher judicatory, 67, 82, 91,
92.
to committee on overtures, 69.
Reformation of manners, societies for, 359,
363, 370, 371.
Reformed Dutch Church, cooperation with,
proposed, 176, 508, 518, 521, 527, 541,
547.
corresjionding member, 272.
free communion, 245.
misrepresentations removed, 245.
Reformed German Church, 176. See. also,
German.
Regeneration, false doctrine of, 329.
Register of births, marriagi's, etc., 359.
Rehoboth, Md., congregation of, 55, 61.
Reid. See Heed.
Relief of needy minister, 84.
Relief, charitable, referred to civil magis-
trate. 237.
Relief Fund. See Widows' Fund.
Religion, propagation of, 10.
annual inquiry into state of. 10. 11,
18. 21. 25, 34, 37, .39. 40, 45, 105, 111,
1 1.5, 414, 435, etc. See, also. 3Lissions.
Religious books, distribution of, 428. 429,
441, 4,52, 463, 476, 479.
Religious experience. See Candidates.
Religious liberty. See Liberty and Gen-
eral Conrention.
Removal of parties pending decision, 70.
Removal of pastors. See Pastoral dissolu-
tion.
Eenock, George, et al, case of, 91, 92.
INDEX.
575
Repentance, sufficient evidence of, re-
quired, 73, 139.
Reports, annual, 21, •2-2, 40.
Presbyterial, ordered written, 527.
See, also, Presbyteries and Records.
Representation, basis of, 80, 524.
Restorations, judicial :
Balch, James, 536.
Cross, Rev. Robert, 65.
Dushane, Anthony, 495.
Eakin, Rev. Samuel, 440.
Em mitt, Abraham, et al., 63, 65.
Hook, Rev. Henry, 76.
Laing, Rev. Robert, 76.
Morgan, Rev. Joseph, 144.
Nealy. Samuel, et ux., 97.
Renock, George, et al, 92.
Sharp, William, 24.
Smith, Rev. Sampson, 411.
Retrial, 328.
Reunion of 1758. Plan of union, 285, 286,
287, 288, 292, 319, 321. See, also,
New Side and Synod.
Reversal of decision, 24, 122.
Revision of Records. See Records.
Revival, Great, queistions as to, 207, 208,
234, 238, 244, 254, 287.
Reynolds, Rev. Thomas, 33, 35, 37, 39.
Rhea, Rev. Joseph, 411, 450, 461, 471, 477.
Rice, Rev. David, 322, 341, 342, 390, 400,
450, 542.
Richards, Rev. Aaron, 238. 239, 242, 247,
250, 258, 263, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291,
297, 302, 307, 313, 333, 334, 341, 351,
364, 365, 377, 381, 389, 390, 400, 401,
411, 424, 436, 438, 450, 454, 461, 470,
471, 476, 480, 482, 489, 492, 496, 501,
505, 515, 528, 541.
Richardson, Rev. William, 291, 298, 307.
Richey, Jean, 328.
Richey, William, 328.
- Ricker, Mr. Peter, 541.
Riggs, Mr. Joseph, 351, 353, 462.
Right, Rev. John, 259.
Ringo, Mr. Philip, 39.
Roan, Mr. John, 235, 236, 239, 244, 247,
251, 259, 277, 280, 285, 291, 294, 297,
298, 302, 306, 308, 314, 322, 323, 334,
340, 341, 343, 348, 351, 354, 364, 365,
366, 372, 376, 377, 379, 384, 389, 390,
394, 400, 402. 411, 423, 425, 436, 438,
442, 450, 461, 472.
Roanoke, Va., people of, 199.
Roberts, Eev. Mr., 316.
Robinson, Rev. William, 233, 235.
Robison, Mr. James, 313, 314.
Rockflsh, N. C, 294.
Rocksiticus, N. J., congregation of, 138,
144.
Rockway, N. J., Dutch congregation, 242,
245, 248,
Rockv Creek, S. C, 432.
Rocky River, N. C, people of, 265, 310,
' 360, 374, 531.
Rodgers, Rev. John, D. D., 239, 244, 247, 250,
259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 291, 292, 293,
297, 298, 301, 304, 306, 307, 308, 309,
311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 320,
322, 323, 333, 334, 335, 336, 340, 341,
345, 346, .351, 353, 356, 360. 364, 365,
367, 374, 375, 376, 377, 379, ,380, 381,
386, 388, 390, 397, 398, 399, 400, 404,
406, 409, 410, 413, 414. 416, 419, 421,
424, 425, 426, 429, 4.36, 438, 440, 441,
444, 446, 448, 450, 454, 456, 457, 458,
461, 463, 471, 473, 475, 476, 480, 482,
489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 514, 516, 527,
541, 548.
Roe, Eev. Azael, 298, 314, 322, 323, 333,341,
351, 352, 353, 362, 364, 375, 377, 379,
390, 400, 401, 404, 406, 410, 411, 412,
416, 417, 424, 436, 450, 454, 464, 471,
476, 480, 482, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505,
515, 528, 541.
Roe, Rev. David, 515.
Roe, Rev. Joseph, 507.
Rogers, Mr. Alexander, 322. See, also,
Rodgers.
Roll, erasure from, 123, 156, 507, 508, 510.
Roll, General Presbytery, 9, 10, 14, 17, 21,
25, 30, 34, 38, 42.
General Synod, 48, 50, 55, 59, 64, 68,
75, 78, 80, 82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101,
103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 149,
155, 161, 164, 171, 177, 184, 190. 192,
194, 196, 199, 201, 205, 209, 211, 214,
220, 224, 229.
Svnod of New York, 233, 235, 236, 237,
'239, 244, 247, 250, 258, 262-, 269, 277,
280.
Synod of New York and Philadelphia,
285, 291, 297, 301, 306, 313, 322, 333,
341, 351, 364, 377, 3fc9, 400, 410, 423,
436, 449, 461, 471, 476, 479, 482, 485,
488, 492, 496, 501, 505, 514, 527, 541.
Roll-call, 25, 48, 55, 59, 318, etc.
Rolston, Mr. James, 390.
Root Presbytery (Ireland), 543, 544.
Rosborough, Rev. John. 334, 342, 351, 364,
365, 374, 377, 390, 401, 411, 424, 436,
450, 461, 472, 477.
Rose, Rev. David, 351, 352, 355, 364, 377,
390, 401, 541.
Ross, Rev. Mr., 261, 291.
Ross, Mr. Simon, 333.
Ross, Mr. William, 497, 499.
Rotterdam (Holland), Scotch ministers in,
176.
Rouse's version, 537. See, also. Psalms.
Rowan. See Roan.
Rowland, John, 148.
Eoxborough. See Rosborouqh.
Rue, Rev. Joseph, 506, 514, 528, 541, 543.
Rules of business, 298, 302, 303, 304, 512.
Ruling elders. See Elders.
Russel, Rev. Thomas, 543.
Ryker, Mr. Peter, 461.
SABA, ISLAND OF, 441, 452.
Sacket, Rev. Mr., 24.
Sacket, Rev. Samuel, 235, 236, 239, 244,
247, 251, 258, 269, 271, 280, 285, 298,
.301, 307, 331, 351, 353, 401, 424, 436,
450, 476, 482, 529.
case of, 378, 388, 392, 405, 470.
St. George, Md., congregation of, 255, 345.
346, 431, 434.
St. Paul's parish, Ga.. 448.
Salaries, ministers', 13, 14, 21, 92, 93, 359,
495, 499.
Salem church (Abingdon Presb.), 511, .525,
5.36.
Salem (Mass.), congregation of, 464.
Salisbury, N. C, supply for, 374.
576
INDEX.
Saluda, S. C, church. 531.
Sanchy. See Zanchy.
Saudy Kivor cliuich (Orange Presb.), 503.
Sart;eaut. Sec Senjeaut.
Scandal uot to be siiread, 327.
Scheuck, liev. William, 411, 417, 425, 432,
43(5, 439, 441), 450, 454, 461, 477, 479,
480, 485, 486, 488, 492, 496, 501, 505,
515, 528, 530, 541.
Schenectady, N. Y., church of, 419, 471.
School iSyuod's) for Youth, 149, 1.51, 155,
171, 175, 176. 17S, 185, 186, 187, 190,
191, 192, 193. 194, 195, 196, 198, 199,
200, 201, 202, 206, 208, 209, 210, 212,
214, 219, 220, 223, 224, 227, 228, 231,
299.
Schoolmasters, 513.
Schools, reliarious iustruction iu, 359, 513,
526, 5i32.
Scotland, Church of, constitution, 245, 512.
letters, 87, 98. 100, 105, 106, 256, 356,
386, 413, 416, 418.
ministers, supply of, 151, 164, 170, 171,
174, 255, 256.
New York church edifice, 99, 249.
relief fund, 225, 372, 381.
seceding ministers of, 386, 397.
unity with. 142, 22S, 245, 256, 409.
Williams' bequest, 99, 100.
Scott, Kev. Archibald, 485, 515, 529, 542.
Scott, David, 457.
Scott, Dr. (Elder), 545, 546.
Sc(jtt, :\Ir. Josiah, 306.
Scott, Mr. Moses. 411.
Scott, Mr. Patrick, 496.
Scott, Mr. Thomas, 291.
Scougal, Kev. James, 172, 177, 184.
Scruples, as to doctrine, 94. 97, 127.
concerning the Lord's Supper, 191,
192, 19:C 194.
Scuddcr, Dr. Nathaniel (elder), 351, 353,
3.56, 487.
Sealing ordinances. See Baptism, Lord's
Supper, .^cruples, and Siispension.
Seceders, Scotch Svuod of, 356, 386, 397,
398, 408.
Secrecy, pending decision, 140.
Secular education, 141, 146.
Seminary. See School.
Semple, Eev. Nathaniel, 483, 492, 497, 501,
506, 514, 526, 528, 542.
Sentence to be definite, 394.
form of words for reversal, 22.
must be adequate to otl'encc, 339.
read from pulpit, 418.
Sergeant, Mr. .Jonathan, 299, 308, 317, 324.
Sermon, admission, 18, 21.
by candidates, 9, 11, 45.
by last moderator of Svnod, 46, 48, 49,
51, 69, n5, 88, 230, 23,5, 291, 515, etc.
by members of Presbytery, 9, 10, 13,
'l4, etc.
omission, Synod, .59.
reading of, from pulpit, 310.
substitute for last moderator, 75.
Session, church, cannot oppose orders of
Synod, 84.
care of poor, 359.
chooses commissioner to Synod, 405.
elders from, 2.56.
funerals, 359.
innovations, 255, 260.
Session, church, minister to preside at
trials, 447.
qualifications of voters, 347.
records of, 37, 41, 46.
See, also, Elders.
Sexton, 399, 408, 541. See, also, Janitor.
Shank. See Scheuck.
Shankland, Mr. Mills, 364, 371, 492, 515.
Shannon. Kev. Samuel, 495, 515, 516, 530.
Sharp, William, case of, 22, 24.
Sharpe, Mr. .!., 492.
Sherman's Vallev, N. J.. 387.
Shields, Mr. Thomas, 297.
Shorter Catechism, 94, 127. 1.59, 233, 286,
547. See, also. Catechism, Confession,
and Presbyterian Church.
Simonton, Rev. John, .306, 307, 313, 316,
320, 321, 325, 333, 341, 348, 351, .364,
365, 377, 378, 389, 400. 410, 418, 424,
434, 435, 436, 438, 444, 4.50. 471, 477.
482, 485, 489, 492, 493, 494, 496. .501,
506, 514, 51.5, 527, 528. 531, 542.
Simpson, Kev. John, 411, 422, 4.34, 435, 439,
448, 450, 451, 452, 486. 502, 504, 528,
542.
Sine titulo. See Ordination.
Six Mile Spring, N. C, 346.
Skervin, Mr. William, 341.
Slander, against minister, 63.
case of, referred to minister, 18.
not to be spread, 243.
Slate Eidge, Pa., church, 544.
Slavery, negro, overture on, 458, 4S7.
abolition of, recommended, 539, 540.
See, also, Africa.
Slaves, Christian, baptism of children of,
527.
education of, 540.
Slemmons, Rev. John, 322, 351, 352, 364,
365, 373, 377, 379, 384, 389, 400, 411,
413, 424, 427, 437, 449, 455, 461, 477,
489, 492, 497, 501, 506, 515, 528, 542.
Small-pox, 102, 235, 277.
Smilie, Mr. John, 436.
Smith, Rev. Caleb, 238, 239, 242, 244, 247,
250, 258, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291,
29,5, 297, 298, 300. 301, 306-314, 322.
Smith, Rev. Charles Jeflrcy, 334. 339, 352.
361.
Smith, Janet, 294, 300.
Smith, Mr. JeflVy (Elder), 351.
Smith, Mr. John (Elder), 122,322,324,364,
366, 371.
Smith, Rev. John (N. Y. and Dutchess Co.
Presb.), 244, 248, 2.50, 258, 263, 269.
277, 280, 285, 291, 297, 313, 331, 351.
364, 377, 401. 425.
Smith, Rev. John Blair, 485, 489, 495, 514,
515. .528, 542. ,
Smith, Mr. Jonathan. 429, 441.
Smith, Rev. Joseph, 11, 14. 84.
Smith. Rev. Joseph, 378, 390. 400, 411, 418.
421, 424, 426. 429, 437. 4.50. 4.52, 456.
4.58, 461, 47(i, 477, 478, 480, 482. 485,
489, 491, 496, 498. 502, 515, 528, 542.
Smith, Rev. Robert, 247, 250, 259, 263, 270,
277, 280, 285. 291, 29.5, 298, .300. 301.
.302, 305, 306, .308. 313. 314, 315. 322.
323. 330, 333. 334. 335, 338, 340. 341,
351, 353, 3.55. .SfiO. .3()4. 3()5, 3)>6. 374,
375, 376, 377, 378. 379. 381. 386, 3b9.
397, 398, 400, 402, 406, 411, 412, 419,
INDEX.
577
424, 425, 437, 438, 441, 449, 450, 461,
471, 476, 480, 482, 487, 489, 492, 496,
501, 505, 514, 528, 542.
Smith, Eev. Sampson, 199, 205, 209, 214,
219, 220, 224, 230, 285, 291, 295, 297,
298, 301, 306, 307, 308, 311, 312, 314,
315, 322, 328, 334, 338, 339, 341, 349,
351, 366, 371, 383, 417, 424, 425, 432,
437.
cases of, 390, 409, 411, 451, 462.
Smith, Eev. Samuel Stanhope, 437, 459,
463, 465, 472, 476, 479, 482, 485, 486,
488, 489, 492, 493, 494, 496, 504, 506,
515, 516, 517, 528, 541, 545.
Smith, Eev. Thomas (New Brunswick
Presb.), 334, 338, 341, 351, 364, 377,
378, 387, 401, 402, 404, 411, 424, 426,
436, 450, 452, 460, 461, 471, 477, 480,
482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515,
528, 541, 542.
Smith, Eev. Thomas (New Castle Presb.),
411, 447, 451, 461, 480, 482, 485, 489,
492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 542.
Smith, Mr. Walker, 504.
Smith, Hon. William Peartree, 390, 396,
436, 438, 477, 478.
Smith, Eev. William, 477, 487, 489, 492,
496, 501, 505, 506, 514, 528, 542.
Smithbury, N. J., people of, 108.
Smithtown, L. I., N. Y., church of, 543.
Snodgrass, Mr. Benjamin, 528.
Snodgrass, Eev. James, 516, 543.
Snodgrass. Mr. Thomas, 471.
Suowden, Isaac, Esq., 324, 515, 527, 539,
541, 544.
Snowdon. See Snowden.
Snow Hill, Md., people of, 10, 11, 12, ,53,
172.
Snow Hill Presbytery, 45, 46.
Societies to be organized in churches, 10,
11, 359, 363, 370, 371.
Society. See Knowledqe and 3Iissions.
Somerset Co., Md., 124, 288.
South Carolina, independent Presbvtery
of, 307, 356, 386, 397, 401, 408, 409,
413, 451.
supplies for, 274, 361.
Synod's Presbytery, 504, 506, 515, 528,
529, 530, 542.
See, also, Carolinas.
Southampton, L. I., N. Y., church, 44,
517.
Southerland, Highland Scot congregation,
479.
South Mountain, Va., 206, 226.
Spain, war with England, 151, 187, 315.
Sparks, Mr., 383.
Spear, Mr. Eobert, 297.
Special days. See Days, Fasting, and
Prayer.
Special meetings. See Meetings and Pro re
nata.
Spencer. Eev. Elihu, 240, 242, 244, 247, 250,
259, 262, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291, 295,
298, 300, .306, 307, 308, 310, 313, 314,
315, 323, 333, 334, 335, 337, 339, 340,
341, 343, 344, .347, .348, 349, 351, 352,
353, 354, .364, 366, 374, 375, 376, 377,
379, 381, 383, 388, 390, 392, 400, 403,
406, 407, 408, 410, 411, 412, 413, 416,
424, 425, 426, 427, 429, 436, 437, 438,
440, 450, 452, 454, 455, 456, 457, 461,
37
475, 476, 480. 485, 488, 492, 493, 494,
495, 496, 501, 507.
Spencer, Eev. Samuel, 346.
Spotsylvania, Va., supplies for, 387.
Sproat, Eev. James, D. D., 390, 400, 402,
405, 406, 410, 412, 415, 416, 420, 424,
425, 426, 429, 436, 437, 438, 440, 441,
449, 461, 470, 471, 476, 480, 482, 485,
488, 492, 496, 501, 505, 514, 528, 530,
541.
Stamford, Conn., General Convention, 440.
Stamp Act, repeal of, 360.
Standards, The, adoption by Svnod, 94, 127,
223, 233, 245, 286, 518, 539, 546, 547.
alterations and amendments, 546.
defined, 547.
exceptions to, 95, 97, 98, 127.
See, also, Presbyterian Church.
Standards, subscription to :
considered, 91.
ordered, 94, 118, 159, 202, 204, 207,
239, 243, 275, 305, 338, 344.
bv Elders, 160.
bv licentiates, 275, 287, 290, 399.
bv ministers, 94, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102,
'l09, 116, 120, 123, 124, 127, 350.
annual report, 109, 114, 131, 136, 144,
150, 171, 195.
neglect to report censured, 339.
by Presbyteries, 331, 351, 409, 413.
Standing order (catechising), 532.
State of religion. See Religion.
Stated clerks of Synod :
Incumbents :
1750, Eev. Eichard Treat.
1766, Eev. John Ewing.
1773, Eev. James Sproat.
1786, Eev. George Duffield.
Duties:
custodian of papers and records, 436,
488, 490, 511, 514.
to issue credentials, S77, 399, 436,
470.
to record letters, 440.
to transmit letters, etc., 244.
to transcribe minutes, 242, 353, 366,
436.
as treasurer, 251, 408.
Stated supplv. See Pulpit.
Staten Island, N. Y., 138.
Statistical reports, 526, 527, 544. See, also.
Presbytery.
Steel, Eev.'.Tohn, 171, 177. 184, 190, 192,
194, 196, 199, 201, 205, 209, 211, 214,
220, 230, 285, 291, 294, 295, 297, 298,
306, 308, 309, 314, 315, 316, 318, 334,
341, 343, 345, 349, 351, 366, 367, 369,
371, 383, 390, 391, 400, 405, 411, 424,
427, 437, 450, 4.53, 458, 471, 477, 482,
486.
Steel, Mr. William, 314.
Steel Creek, N. C, church of, 360, 387, 417,
418, 503.
Stephen's Creek. N. C, supplies for, 387.
Stephens, Eev. Matthew, 507, 515, 516, 528,
542.
Stephenson, Eev. Hush, 92, 96, 100, 101,
103, 105, 107, 112, 122, 130, 136, 143,
150, 1.55, 156, 164, 165, 166, 172.
Sterling, Eev. Andrew, 236, 238, 240, 242,
244, 247, 251. 2.59, 263, 270, 277, 280,
285, 291, 297, 306, 314, 334, 341, 342.
578
INDEX.
Stcrret, Mr. James, 390.
Stcrrett, Mr. William, 484.
Steuart ol' I'avdovaii. See Pardovan.
Stevens, Mi-. Samuel, 30(i. See, also,
Stephens.
Stewart, Mr. David, 291.
Stewart, Kev. Eobert, 82.
Stewart, Mr. Walter, 306, 343.
Stewart, Eev. William, 52, 55, 59, G4, 69,
70, 75, 78, 80, 81, 85, 93, 90, 100, 101,
102, 103, 107, 112.
Stiles, Kev. Ezra, D. D., 456, 458.
Stilwell, Mr. Daniel, 313.
Stirliii}!. Dr., Glasjjow, Scotland, 52, 54, 63.
Stockton, Rev. I'liilip, 462, 4«5, 469, 492,
496, 501, 506, 515, 528. 541.
Stockton, Hon. Eicliard, 446.
Strain, Rev. John, 210, 270, 298, 306, 307,
313, 322, 324, 332, 334, 341, 343, 348,
351, 365, 377, 384, 389, 400, 411, 423,
427, 436, 447, 450, 462.
Strong, Rev. Benjamin, 424, 425, 436.
Stuart, Rev. W'illiam, 438, 447.
Students, allowance for, 106. See, also,
Candidates and Nciv Jersey College.
Sturgeon, Eev. Eobert, 233, 235, 236, 238,
240.
Subscription. See Standards.
Succession, Protestant, 95.
Suffolk, Presbvterv of, 236, 238, 244, 2.50,
256, 258, 263, 268, 269, 273, 277, 283,
288, 307, 311, 314, 315, 322, 323, 324,
333, 339, 341, 352, 360, 361, 365, 373,
400, 411, 414, 415, 424, 437, 441, 450,
454, 461, 471, 532, 544.
Sugar Creek, N. C, 265, 360, 374.
Sunbury, Pa., church, 543.
Sunday. See Lord's Day.
Supplies, pulpit. See Pulpit.
Support of ministers. See Salaries.
Suspension :
cases of, '
Archbold, Rev. Andrew, 124,
Balch, Rev. James, 536.
Bell, Rev. Hamilton, 175, 178.
Clement, Rev. John, '0.
Cross, Rev. Robert, 63.
Dushane, Anthony, 484.
Eakin, Eev. Samuel, 418.
Emmitt, Abraham, 57, 63.
Evans. Rev. Samuel, 200.
Hanna, Rev. William, 378.
Harker, Eev. Samuel, 330.
Hook, Eev. Henry, 73.
Kennedy, Rev. Samuel, 452.
Laing, Rev. Robert, 76.
ISIcGill, Rev. Hugh, 437, 465.
Miller, Eev. Alexander, 451.
Morehead, James, 66.
Morgan, Eev. .Tose])li, 132.
Nealy, Samuel, et ux., 95.
Smith, Eev. Sampson. 390, 409, 450.
Van Dyke, Andrew, 50.
Van Vieck. Rev. Paul us, 31, 37.
Walton. .Tohn. 72, 75. 78.
continued, 31. .37, 178, 409, 437,
from communion, 50, 57, 63, 95, 110,
312, 418, 484.
indefinite, 73.
limited, 63, 72.
removal of, 65, 73, 75, 76, 92, 132, 137,
144, 428.
Suspension :
pending trial, 178, 396.
Susquehanna, West Branch of, 459.
German Settlement, 227.
Sussex County, Delaware, 224, 288, 386.
Switzerland, Church of, correspondence,
356, 386, 397, 399.
Sympsou, Mr. John, 297, 300, 301. See,
also, Simpson.
Syms, Rev. Timothy, 235, 236, 238, 240,
242 244.
Synod, as a judicatory. Acts of, authoritv,
68, 7.3, 180, 519, 520, 531.
adjournment, 48, 51, 55, 177, 548, etc.
admission to membership, 94, 98, 180.
See, also. Standards, Suh.'icription to.
attendance, 268, 491. See Absentees.
churches, oversight of, 121, 122, 126,
133, 134.
committee of the whole, 179, 186, 198.
contingent expenses, assessment for,
68, 70, 526, 529.
delegated body, 80, 236, 238.
digest of proceedings, 531.
documents, care of, 488, 490, 511.
index to Acts, 517.
jurisdiction of, 211, 234.
Lord's Day and meetings of, 268.
majoritv to rule, 168, 180, 233, 239,
243, 286, 296.
meeting to bo annual, 46.
meeting delayed, 59, 68, 475.
meetings changed, 277, 479, 548.
meetings, interlocutorv, 62, 63, 162,
234.
■members, expenses of, 491, 494.
members, qualifications of, 153. 157.
overtures to be submitted, 68.
powers of, 74, 148, 153, 154, 443, 444.
prayer, 48, 53, 80, 85, etc.
Presbytery censured, 148.
protest against overtures, 68, 73.
quorum, lack of, 59, 68, 475.
respect for, enjoined, 296.
records in care of Stated Clerk, 511.
superior to Presbytery, 215.
superior to Session, 215.
See, also. Bills and Overtures, Commis-
sions, Committees, Members, Ministers.
Minutes, Polity, Presbytery, Pecords,
etc.
Synod, General, commonly known as
Synod of Philadelphia :
successor to General Presbyterv, 46,
48, 49, 68.
addresses of, to Governors. 76, 77. 165,
171, 182, 183, 185, 190, 192, 222, 225.
corresi)ondence and action as to union
with Svnod of New York, 203, 204,
207, 209, 213, 214, 215, 218, 221, 222,
225, 230, 231, 232.
erection of, 48.
funds of, 419, 420.
minutes, 46-232.
New Side, protests, etc., 157, 167, 170,
172, 179, 181. 188,189. 19.-). 197, 200.
201, 202, 204, 207, 209, 210, 213, 214,
218, 221, 223, 225, 2.30.
pastoral letter, .58.
Synod of New York :
adherence to Standards. 245.
articles of agreement, 233.
INDEX.
579
Synod of New York :
correspoudeuce and actiou as to union
with General Synod, 231, 238, 239,
240, 241, 242, 243, 246, 248, 253, 259,
261, 263, 268, 275, 279, 282, 284, 286,
319.
erection of, 233.
declaration of principles, 233.
funds of, 269, 272, 278, 283, 289, 293.
minutes, 233-284.
proposals for establishment, 168, 181.
Synod of New York and Philadelphia :
addresses of, to Governors and Assem-
blies, 293, 294, 297, 312, 317, 321.
addresses of. to King, 311, 312, 313,
320. 325, 333, 339, 361, 366.
dissolution of, 548.
division of, 460, 513, 517, 522, 523, 526,
539, 540, 541, 547.
formation of, 285.
funds, 440, 441, 483.
list of members, 412.
minutes, 285-548.
pastoral letters, 429, 430, 466.
plan of union, 286, 319.
See, also, Clerks, Commissions, Fund,
Meetings, Moderators, Polity, Records,
Boll, etc.
TAGGART, MR. ROBERT, 515, 528.
Tait. See Tate.
Talmage, Eev. Benjamin, 270, 277, 280, 285,
291, 297, 307, 333, 334, 338, 339, 341,
351, 3.52, 354, 364, 377, 390, 401, 406,
424, 517.
Tanner, Mr. Philip, 322, 323, 425.
Tate, Mr. Anthony, 306, 313, 318, 439,
450.
Tate, Rev. Jacob, 351.
Tate, Eev. Joseph, 194, 195, 196, 199, 201,
205, 209, 214, 220, 224, 230, 285, 291,
295, 297, 298, 300, 302, 303, 306, 308,
314, 322, 323, 331, 334, 335, 340, 341,
342, 349, 353, 356, 357, 358, 360, 366,
371, 383, 384, 389, 391, .392, 400, 405,
412, 418, 4>4, 425, 436, 444, 450, 452,
455, 456, 462.
Tate, Mr. Matthew, 433, 540, 543.
Taylor, Rev. Nathaniel, 9. 10, 11, 14.
Taylor, Mr. Robert, 432.
Tehicken, Pa., congregation of, 241, 246.
Temple Patrick Presbvtery (Ireland), 545.
Templeton, Rev. James, 486, 494, 496, 502,
528, 530, 542, 545.
Templin, Mr. Terah, 485.
Temporalities, church, 249,347.
Tennent, Rev. Charles, 135, 136, 143, 1.50,
155, 233, 235, 236, 238, 240, 244, 247,
250, 259, 263, 270, 277, 230, 285, 291,
292, 295, 297, 298, 306, 313, 314, 322,
334, 341, 343, 351, 364, 377, 381, 390,
394. 401, 411.
Tennent, Eev. Gilbert, 83, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99,
101, 103, 107, 110, 112, 122, 123, 130,
131, 1.35, 140, 143, 144, 145, 148, 150,
151, 152, 154, 177, 197,201, 202, 203,
233, 235, 236, 240, 244, 247, 2.50, 2.52,
259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 290,
291, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, .301,
302, 306, 308, 313, 314, 322, 323, 324,
333, 334, 335, 336, 339, 340, 342.
controversy with Mr. Cowell, 152.
Tennent, Jane (Mrs. Charles), case of, 382,
333, 394, 4.30.
Tennent, Rev. William, 51, 54, 55, 59, 64,
69, 75, 78, 79, 30, 81, 82, 85, 88, 92,
96, 99, 101, 103, 107, 109, 112, 122,
130, 135, 143, 150, 155.
bond of, 84, 88, 134, 191.
case of, 127, 133.
Tennent, Eev. William, Jr., 109, 112, 122,
130, 135, 143, 150, 155, 233, 235, 236,
238, 239, 240, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258,
263, 269, 277, 280, 291, 295, 297, 298,
299, 300, 302, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310,
311, 313, 314, 315, 316, 322, 323, 326,
333, 334, 335, 341, 343, 345, 350, 351,
353, 355, 360, 364, 366, 369, 376, 377,
379, 380, 381, 338, 391, 398, 400, 402,
403, 404, 406, 407, 410, 412, 416, 424,
425, 426, 436, 438, 450, 454, 465, 473,
477.
Tennent, Rev. William, 3d, 314, 320, 322,
325, 329, 333, 335, 340, 343, 345, 352,
406.
Tennent, Rev. William Mackav, 401, 422,
493, 496, 498, 501, 505, 506, 514, 515,
528,541.
Testimony, insufiicient, 26.
competent to be admitted, 326.
ex parte of no weight, 211.
protest against admission of, 327.
answer to protest, 328.
See, also. Citations.
Thacher. See Thatcher.
Thane, Rev. Daniel, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258,
263, 269, 277, 280, 285, 289, 291, 297,
306, 311, 314, 334.
Thanksgiving Dav, 324. See, also. Fasting.
Thatcher, Rev. Daniel, 486, 494, 496, 502,
507, 542.
Theologv. See Divinity.
Thom, Rev. David, 184, 190, 192, 197.
Thom, Rev. William, 425, 437, 439, 450.
Thomas, Mr. Joshua, 306, 308.
Thompson, Rev. Amos, 307, 334, .339, 341,
351, 364, 377, 378, 381, 398, 400, 411,
424, 437, 450, 461, 471, 477, 489, 492,
496, 501, 506, 515.
Thompson, Eev. James, 517, 528, 530,
543.
Thompson, Mr. John (Elder), 456.
Thoms, Mrs., 328.
Thomson, :Mr. Charles (Elder), 379, 380.
Thomson, Mr. James (Elder), 477.
Thomson, Rev. John, New Castle, 40, 44,
48, 49, 50, 55, 59, 64, 69. 75. 78, 80,
82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101, 103, 107,
112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 149, 155, 156,
161, 164, 171, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194,
196, 199, 201, 205, 209.
Thomson, Rev. John, Jr., 143, 144.
Thomson, Rev. Samuel, 149, 150, 155, 161.
165, 172, 177, 184, 190, 192, 197, 199,
211, 214, 220, 224, 230, 235, 291, 298,
307, 314, 333, 334, 340, 341, 351, 366,
372, 383, 390, 400, 411. 424, 437, 450,
461, 471, 477, 489, 492, 496. 501, 506,
51.5 530
Three Creeks, N. C, 387.
Tiger River, forks of, N. C, 387.
Timber Grove, Va., 206.
Timber Ridge, Va., congregation of, 237,
388, 454.
580
INDEX.
Time of meeting not to be postponed, 12.
niodenitor i-;innot change, 472.
Tiuiciim. Pa., congregation of, 154, 246.
Tobacco subscription, 11.
Tobiu, Mr. Tlionias, 297, 369.
Todd, Eev. John, 241, 243, 244, 247, 2.')0,
259, 2(J3, 270, 277, 280, 285, 289, 291,
295, 298, 30G, 308, 314, 322, 323, 329,
341, 390, 395, 400, 449, 454, 485, 515,
529, 542.
Toleration, Act of, 147, 258.
Tom. See Thorn.
Tongue, Dr., of London, England, 19.
Ti-anslation. See Pastoral translation.
Transylvania Presbytery, 523, .529, 542.
Tre Dyffrvn. Pa., congregation of, 74, 77,
i9],'l93, 195.
Treasurers, Presbyterial, 392.
Treasurers of Synod :
Incumbents:
Jedediah Andrews. 49.
Kichard Treat, 251, 392.
John Witherspoon, 440.
Isaac Snowdcn, 539.
funds, orders, etc., 52, 58, 106, 134, 155,
171, 251, 262, 282, 392, 403, 412, 428,
440, 495, 501, 505, 538, 544, 547.
accounts of, 50, 52, 59, 402, 408, 412,
428, 4.53, 479, 483, 491, 531, 539, 544.
bond of, 439.
book for, 52.
security for legacy, 463, 487.
See, also. Fund for Pious Uses.
Treat, Rev. Joseph, 307, 312, 314, 333, 334,
33.5, 341, 351, 356, 357, 359, 360, 361,
364, 367, 309, 375, 377, 378, 381, 386,
388, 390, 397, 400, 401, 404, 406, 410,
411, 416, 424, 425, 426, 429, 431, 436,
438, 440, 447, 461, 476, 480, 482, 489,
492, 496, 501. 507. 517, 529.
Treat, Rev. Richard, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122,
130, 135, 143, l.")0, 155, 233, 235, 236,
239, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 263, 270,
277, 280, 282, 285, 288, 289, 290, 291,
295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302,
304, .306, .307, 308, 309, 311, 31.3, 314,
316, 317, 320, .322, 323, 324, 326, 332,
333, 334, 3.36, 340, 341, 351, 353, 356,
359, 364, 366, 370, 375, 377, 379, 380,
381, 389, 392, 399, 400, 402, 403, 405,
410, 412, 415, 417, 420, 424, 425, 426,
429, 433, 436, 438. 440, 441, 449, 450,
456, 461, 471, 476, 480, 483.
Trenton, X. J., commissioners of Synod
at, 201, 240, 2.53
Trenton, X. J., church of, 104, 134, 195,
197, 245, 275, 295.
Trial, new, 328, 447.
must be before judicature having
jurisdiction, 173,
minister to preside over session at,
447.
Trustees of congregation, 249.
ministers not eligible. 249.
See, also, German Sehonh, New Jersey
College, and Widows' Fund.
Trvon Co.,"N. Y., 470.
Tucker. Eev. Nathaniel, 235, 236.
Tudor, Mr., 117, 124.
Turkev, N. J., congregation of, 138, 144,
155.
Turkev Creek, N. C, 360.
Tuscarora, Pa., congregation, 432.
Tuttle, Rev. James, 365, 377, 390, 391, 401,
411.
Tuttle, Rev. Moses, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288,
291, 297, 298, 307, 313, 314, 333, 341,
351, 364, 377, 390, 401, 411.
UNION, PLANS OF. See Associate Peformed
Synod, Congregational churches. New
Side, Reformed Dutch Church, Synod.
Union congregation, N. C, 387.
United States of America, loyalty to, 464,
468, 471, 479, 481. 483, 488, 495.
See, also. General Convention.
Univcrsalist doctrines, 540.
Universities. See Candidates, Degrees.
Upi)er Creek, X. C. congregation of, 455.
Upper Elk, Pa., congregation of, 95.
Upper Haw River, X. C, 387.
Upper Hico. N. C, 374.
Upper Long Cane, S. C, church, 531.
Upper Marlborough, Md., 3(il.
Upper Octarara, I'a., 121, 124.
VACANT CONGREGATIONS:
annual catechising, 513, 526, 532.
annual contributions. 192.
basis of representation, 534, 539.
collections, 178.
exemption from contributions, 192.
list of, 526, 529.
and probationers, 135, 137, 138, 146,
151, 153, 154.
regulations concerning, 137.
. supply of, 402. 474.
worship in, 526.
See, also. Pulpit.
Vanarsdale. See Vanar.^dalen.
Vanarsdalen, Rev. Jacob, 391. 398, 425,
436, 4.50. 454, 461, 463. 471, 476, 479,
489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 515, 528,
541.
Vance, Rev. Hugh, 401, 424, 425, 427, 436,
450, 4(il, 471, 477, 492, 496, 501, 506,
515, 528, 542.
Vandreron, Rev. Mr., 245.
Van Dyke, Andrew, case of, 50, 51.
Vangeider, Mr. Abraham. 528.
Van Horn, Mr. David, 252.
Vanmeter, Mr. Joseph, 365.
Yanmiddlesvvorth, Mr. Abraham, 436.
Van Vleck. Rev. Paulns. 21, 23, 25.
case of, 17, 26, 31, 35, 37, 40.
Versians. See Psalms.
Vice, suppression of, 359, 363, 370, 371.
Vincent's Catechism, 429.
Virginia, addresses to Governor of, 76, 77,
81, 183, 185. __ ____
correspondence with people of. 76, 77,
79, 80, 195, 236, 237, 261, 374, 432,
484.
delegates to Synod ordered. 191, 193.
delegation of "Svnod to Governor and
Council of, 139, 142, 147.
dissenters in, 74, 247, 2.58.
letter of Synod to Fairfield Associa-
tion. 239.
letters of Svnod to General Assembly,
Scotland," 10.5, 164, 170, 171, 174.
missionaries, 484.
new Presbytery erected. 264.
persecutions in, 105, 258.
INDEX.
581
Virginia, society for managing Indian
missions in, 283, 300.
supplies for, Tfcl, 79, 193, 194, 196, 199,
205, 206, 209, 210, 212, 214, 215, 220,
224, 226, 234, 236, 237, 238, 241, 243,
248, 249, 256, 262, 263, 265, 293, 299,
335, 361, 369, 374, 375, 399, 404, 422.
432, 434, 459.
Virginia, Svnod of, 524, 548.
Voorhees, Mr. John, 377, 378. 379, 381.
Vote, majority to decide questions, 168,
233, 239, 243, 286, 296.
by roll call, 318.
in pastoral calls, 10, 24, 28, 274, 275.
qualifications for, in congregations,
347.
WADDEL, REV. JAMES, 307, 322, 341, 390,
400, 450, 485, 515, 529, 542.
Wade. Kev. Nathaniel, 21, 25.
case of, 12, 13, 17, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28,
29, 30.
Wales, Rev. Eleazer, 100, 101, 103, 107, 112,
122, 136, 143, 150, 235, 236, 238, 242.
Wales, principality of, letter to, 175, 178.
See, also, Evans, Tre Dyffryn, and
Welsh.
Walker, Mr. John, 364, 450, 472.
Walker, Mr. Richard, 291, 322, 323, 324,
3fi4. .365, 366, 411, 412, 482.
Walker, Mr. William, 306, 457.
Wallace, Rev. Caleb, 434, 437, 438, 439,
441, 44S, 451, 452, 485.
Wallace, Mr. John, 297, 300, 302, 322, 323,
324, .341.
Wallace, Mr. Robert, 297.
Wallace, Mr. William, 306.
Wallkill, N. Y., people of, 95, 120.
Walter, Mr. John, 341.
Walter, Mr. Thomas, 425.
Walton, John, case of, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75,
78, 81.
War between England and Spain, 151.
Warford, Rev. John, 472, 477, 480, 481, 485,
489, 492, 501, 506, 515, 517, 528, 540,
541,54.3.
Warrior's Run, Pa., 473.
Waters, Mr. Thomas, 436, 441.
Watson, Mr. David, 426.
Watt, Rev. James, 378, 401, 411, 424, 436,
450, 461, 477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492,
496, 501, 506, 515, .528, 542.
Watts, Dr. Isaac, 331, 3.38, 345, 429, 447,
535. See, also, Psalms.
Waugh, Rev. Samuel, 477, 489, 491, 492,
496, 501, 506, 514, 51.5, .528, 542.
Wayne, Pa., on Juniata, 516.
Waxhaws, N. C, church, .504, .530, .531.
Webb, Rev. Joseph, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 79,
82, 85, 93. 96, 97, 99, 101, 103, 107,
122, 130, 136, 143, 149.
Weeks. See Wilks.
Weld, Rev. Ebenezer.
Welch, Mr. John, 463.
Welsh people, supplies for, 17, 18, 175, 178,
289.
Welsh Tract, Pa., people of, 18, 27, 34, 37,
38.
Westhampton, L. I., N. Y., church of,
543.
West Hanover, N. J., people of, 104, 106,
140, 145.
Westminster Catechisms. See Larger and
Shorter Catechism.
Westminster Confession of Faith. See
Adopting Act, Confession, Standards.
Westminster Directory for Worship. See
Government and Discipline and Wor-
ship.
Westmore, Rev. Noah, 541.
West Nottingham, Pa., congregation of,
292, 332, 347.
Wexaws. See Waxhaivs.
Weymouth, Mass., church, 530.
Whitaker, Rev. Nathaniel, D. D., 269, 277,
280, 285, 291, 295, 297, 298, 307, 461.
White, Mr. Hugh, 472, 474.
White, Rev. James, 364.
White, Rev. Sylvanus, 242, 244, 247, 250^
259, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 298, 307,
333, 341, 351, 364, 377, 390, 401, 424,
517.
Whits t;iay Creek, Del., people of. 11, 12,
26, 27, 66, 67, 70, 170, 200, 255, 435.
Whiteford, Mr. Huerh, 365, 391.
Whitehill, Mr. James, 322, 323, 324.
Whitehill, Hon. John, 377, 384, 472, 505,
515.
White Plains. N. Y., 471.
Whole, committee of the, 179, 186, 318.
Wicomico, ]\Id., people, of, 13, 58.
Widows and orphans, care of, 359.
Widow of minister, relief of, 58. See Wil-
son, Mrs. John, and Widows' Fund.
Widows' Fund:
account of, 296, 303, 422, 423.
beneficiaries, meeting of, 308.
charter, 222, 224, 225, 296.
clerk of, 222.
committees of Synod on, 332, 333, 339,
364, 370, 376, 383, 427, 440, 452, 469,
476, 478, 481, 483, 484, 486, 490, 493,
494, 497, 508, 510, 535, 547.
corporation accepts trust, 315.
corporation book. 303.
delinquent members of, 508, .535.
investigation ordered, 494, 497.
lay members of, 510.
missionaries, provision for, 326, 332,
339. 362, 375, 476.
Now York Synod fund, 269, 273, 278,
282.
petition for charter, 224.
Philadelphia Synod fund. 309.
plan, 213, 215-217, 222, 421, 422, 427,
508.
plan of settlement, 422.
power of Svnod over, 347, 370, 371, 372,
375, 381, 382, 398, 422.
regulations, 309, 409, 421, 427, 509,
547.
request from corporation, 326.
Scotland, gift from, 372, 382, 421, 422,
423.
trustees of, 213, 217, 222.
Wigton, Mr. John, 341.
Wikofi-, Mr. Jacob, 505.
Wilday, Mr. Joseph, 484.
Wilden, Mr. .Tames, 306.
Wilks, Mr. Elnathan, 333, 339.
William, Mr. Daniel, 306.
Williams, Rev. Daniel, D. D., will of, 99,
100.
Williams, Mr. John, 306, 308, 489.
06-^
INDEX.
Williams, Mr. Joseph, 313.
Williams, Kev. Joshua, 517, 541.
Williams, Mr. Simon, '3i2.
Williamshurg, Vu., Ml, 374, 375.
Williamson, George, case of, 70, 77, 79.
Williamson, Mr. Hugh, 305, 311.
Williamson, Dr. Hugh (Elder), 364, 366,
367, 369, 370, 374, 376, 377, 379, 380,
386, 390, 403.
Wilmington, Del., First Church, 160, 189,
191, 457.
Second Church, 458, 478.
Wilmington, N. C, 3(51, 375.
Wilmot, Rev. Walter, 136, 143, 149, 161,
164, 177.
Wilson, Andrew, 516.
Wilson, Mr. Hugh. 341.
WiLson, Kev. James, Scotland, 51G.
Wilson, Eev, James (New Castle Presb.),
401, 4-24, 436, 449, 471, 477, 480, 482,
483, 516, 528, 529, 543.
Wilson, Mr. James, Jr., 507, 543.
Wilson, Mr. John, 411, 484.
Wilson, Rev. John, 9, 10, 14, 17, 18, 21, 25
(died 1712).
widow of, 58, 68, 77, 80, 81.
Wilson, Rev. John, New Castle, Del., 92,
93, 96, 215, 220, 224, 230.
case of. 98, 99.
Wilson, Rev. Matthew, D. D., 285, 288,
291, 297. 298, 300, 306, 308, 309, 312,
313, 314, 315, 318, 320, 322, 323, 334,
335, 341, 346, 351, 353, 354, 3-57, 364,
374, 377, 389, 397, 400, 411, 423, 424,
425, 427, 429, 431, 433. 437, 438, 439,
■ 445, 450, 455, 460, 485, 489, 497, 501,
505, 506, 514, 528, 542.
Wilson, Rev. Peter, 490. 506, 507, 515, 528,
541.
Wilson, Eev. Samuel, 567, 543.
Wilson, Eev. William, 485, 495, 515, 529,
542.
Wilton, S. C, church of, 543.
Windham, N. H., i)eople of. 302.
Witherspoon, Rev. John, D. D., 391, .396,
397, 398, .399, 401, 402, 404. 406, 407,
408, 411, 414. 415. 416, 419, 421, 424,
426, 428, 433. 436, 438. 440, 447. 450,
453, 454, 455^ 456. 464, 472, 473, 476,
470, 480, 482, 485, 487, 488, 492, 494,
495, 496, 501, 505, 515, 517, 528, 531,
533, 539, 541, 545. 548.
See, also. Wotherspoon.
Witnesses. See Citations and Testimony.
Wood. Mrs. Catharine, case of, 91, 93, 97,
98.
Woodbridge, N., J., people of, 12, 14, 18, 23,
24. 26, 41. 43. 48. 6B.
Woodhull, Rev. John. 390, 411, 416, 424,
426, 437, 44(5. 449, 461, 4(i4. 470, 471,
477, 480, 482, 483, 485, 486, 489, 492,
493, 494, 496, 501, 505, 506, 514, 528,
541. 548.
Woodhull, Rev. Nathan, 517, 541. 546.
Woodhull, Rev. William, 378, 401, 403,406,
424, 436, 442, 450, 464, 476, 480, 482,
494, 497, 501, 503, 505. 515, 528, 541.
Woodroff. Mr. John, 291, 333.
Woodrotf, Mr. Samuel, 333, 334, 335, 337,
341,
Woodrufl", Rev. Benjamin. 291, 333, 334.
341, 351, 364. 375. 377, 378, 389, 390,
400, 411, 424, 427, 429, 436, 450. 454,
461, 471, 476, 480, 482, 489, 492, 496,
.501, .505, 515, 528, 541.
Woodruft", Mr. Thomas, 427.
Woods, Rev. Matthew, 491, 496, 498, 501,
507.
Woolworth. Rev. Aaron, 543.
Worcester, Md., 172, 288.
Worford. See Warford.
Worship, Directorv for, adoption of, 95,
233, 286, 547"
committee apjiointed to revi.se, 539.
completion referred to Assembly, 547.
part of Constitution, 547.
title of, 540.
See, also. Psalms.
Worship, public, absence from. 373.
uniformity desirable, 513.
Worts, Rev. Conradus, 247. 24H. 250. 259,
263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 298, 307.
Wotherspoon, Rev. Robert, 33, 34, 35, .38.
42, 48,50, 51.
Wright, Rev. John, 251, 270, 277, 280,285,
289, 291, 298, 307, 314, 322.
Wyukoop, Mr. Pliilip, 377.
YADKIN, N. C. FORKS OF, 374.
Yadkin River, N. C. settlements, 418.
Yale College. 67. 68, 70, 71, 73, 1H5, 186, 192.
Yarmouth, England, congregation, 266.
Youghiogeny, Pa., people of, 432.
Young, Mr. John, 5.34.
Young, Rev. Samuel, 52, 54, 55, 56, 59, 64.
Youngs, Eev. David, 233, 235, 236, 242, 244,
248.
Youth, education of pious, scheme for, 419,
420.
fund for, 426. 438, 451.
See, also, Candidates, Education, Fnnd,
German Schools, New Jersey College,
and School
ZANCHY. REV. RICHARD, 139, 143. 144,
149. 155, 161, 164, 172, 177, 184, 190,
192, 194. 196, 199, 201, 205, 209, 211,
214, 220, 224, 2.30, 285, 291, 298, 306,
307, 308, 314, 390, 400, 450, 471, 485,
515. .529, 542. ,548.
Zelyne. Mr. John, licensed, 477.
Zury, Joseph, case of, 456.
MINUTES
GENERAL CONVENTION OF DELEGATES
APPOINTED BY THE
Synod of New York and
Philadelphia
General Association of Connecticut
1766 TO 1775.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION
BY THE
Rev. WM. H. ROBERTS, D.D., LLD.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.
PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION
AND SABBATH-SCHOOL WORK
1904
TABLE OF CONTENTS,
Introduction .
PAGE
. 5
Preliminary Proceedings 10
Proceedings of the Appointing Judicatories.
Minutes of the General Convention :
Elizabethtown, N. J. (1766)
New Haven, Conn. (1767)
Elizabethtown, N. J. (1768)
New Haven, Conn. (1769)
Elizabethtown, N. J. (1770)
Norwalk, Conn. (1771)
Elizabethtown, N. J. (1772)
Stamford, Conn. (1773)
Elizabethtown, N. J. (1774)
Greenfield, Conn. (1775)
Religious Exhibit of the Population of Connecticut in 1774
12
17
21
24
27
27
31
34
37
39
40
42
INDEX 45
INTRODUCTION
The Minutes printed in this publication are those of a Convention
appointed by the General Synod of the Presbyterian Church in the Ameri-
can Colonies, and the General Association of Connecticut, and meeting from
1766 to 1775.
The moving causes of the appointment of the General Convention were
the preservation of the religious liberties of the Colonies, the spread of the
Gospel on the American Continent, and the promotion of Christian fellow-
ship between the respective Churches. The first step toward cooperation
was taken by the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, the supreme judi-
catory of the Presbyterian Church in the Colonies. The Overture of the
Synod is printed in this volume as a part of the Preliminary Proceedings.
This Overture was submitted to the General Association of Ministers in
the Colony of Connecticut, at Guilford, on Tuesday, June 3, 1766. The
action taken is recorded in the Preliminary Proceedings.
The places of meeting of the Convention were Elizabethtown, N. J., in
the years 1766, 1768, 1770, 1772, and 1774; New Haven, Conn., in 1767
and 1769 ; Norwalk, Conn., in 1771 ; Stamford, Conn., in 1773 ; and Green-
field, Conn., in 1775. The outbreak of hostilities between the American
Colonies and the English Government led to the termination of the Conven-
tion, the Revolutionary War having made the maintenance of religious
liberty the common work of the Colonies.
The Minutes of the Convention show that the first and second meetings
were mainly given to the work of framing and completing a Plan of Union,
and that the subsequent Conventions earnestly engaged in the devising and
executing of measures for the preservation of the religious liberties of Con-
gregationalists, Presbyterians, Baptists and other Christians, threatened at
the time by the schemes of some Episcopalians in the Colonies, aided by
their friends in Great Britain. These latter endeavored in every way
possible to secure the appointment of diocesan Bishops in America. To
this Episcopal movement the vast majority of American Christians were
opposed. As has been well said, " To Bishops merely to superintend the
concerns of Episcopal churches they did not object, if they might be duly
restrained from going farther ; but were apprehensive, should Bishops be
appointed, that they would come clothed with all the powers of diocesans
in the mother country, or that they would acquire these powers and
exercise them in violation of the Charters of the Colonies, and greatly to
the injury of other denominations of Christians." To nullify the efi"orts of
the extreme party in the Episcopal Denomination, the Convention, there-
fore, entered into correspondence with committees in England, and some of
the letters, with the replies, will be found in this volume.
The Convention also made arrangements for gathering the laws and
customs of the Colonies respecting religious liberty ; for collecting the
statistics of non-Episcopalians, with a view to showing that the prelatical
element was greatly in the minority in America ; and also for a report of
the number and condition of colleges and other institutions of learning.
The reports made by the subcommittees of the Convention do not appear
in the Minutes, and for the most part have been lost. The extracts, how-
5
6 INTRODUCTION
ever, made by the Rev. Elizur Goodrich, D.D., of Durham, of the laws of
Connecticut, and the statistics which he gathered were fortunately preserved.
They were printed in 1848 by a Committee of the General Association of
Connecticut. The statistics show that out of a population in the Colony in
177-4 of 190,487, only 996() were Episcopalians. Estimates given for the
other New England and the Middle Colonies make about the same showing.*
It was only in certain of the Southern Colonies that Episcopalians were in
a majority.
The Minutes in their original form in the possession of the Stated Clerk
of the General Assembly, are in certain places illegible, but in the main
are in a fair state of preservation. They were received from the Stated Clerk
of the Presbytery of iniiladelphia, the Rev. Willard M. Rice, D.D., in
whose custody they had been for many years. An edition was pu])lished
in 1843 by the General Association of Connecticut, under the superintend-
ence of a Committee, of which David 1). Field was Chairman, but is now
out of print. The only copy in the Library of the Hartford Theological
Seminary was loaned to the editor, for which helpful courtesy due acknowl-
edgment i^ hereby made. The minutes in this edition are printed verbatiniy
and are somewhat fuller than in the previous publication.
The Proceedings of the Convention are worthy of close attention from all
persons interested in the history of the American Colonies, and have a
marked bearing upon the trend of both political and religious movements
prior to the Declaration of Independence. In a letter written to England
in 1773, dealing with religious liberty, and signed by John Witherspoon,
reference is made to " the great struggle we may be called to make in this
glorious cause in which the happiness of thousands yet unborn is so deeply
interested." f
The apprehensions that an Episcopal hierarchy might be established in
the Colonies was one cause of the American Revolution. To this fact the
elder President Adams bore testimony. " ' Where is the man to be found,'
says he, ' at this day [1815], when we see Methodistical Bishops, Bishops
of the Church of England, and Bishops, Archbishops, and Jesuits of the
Church of Rome with indifference, who will believe that the apprehension
of Episcopacy contributed fifty years ago, as much as any other cause, to
arouse the attention not only of the in(juiring mind, but of the common
people, and urge them to close thinking on the constitutional authority of
Parliament over the Colonies ?' This, nevertheless, was a fact as certain
as any in the history of North America. The objection was not merely to
the office of a Bishop, though even that was dreaded, as to the authority of
Parliament, on which it must be founded. The reasoning was this : The
Archbishops and Bishops in England can neither locate and limit dioceses
in America nor ordain Bishops in any part of the dominions of Great Britain,
out of the realm, by any law of the kingdom, or of any of the colonies, nor
by any canon law acknowledged by either. The king cannot grant his
conge d'elire to any people out of his realm. There is no power or pretended
power, less than Parliament, that can create Bishops in America. But if
Parliament can erect dioceses and appoint Bishops, they may introduce the
whole hierarchy, establish tithes, forbid marriages and funerals, establish
religion, forbid dissenters, make schism heresy, impose penalties extending
to life and limb, as well as to liberty and property." [See Morse, Annals of
the American Jievolufion, pp. 197-203.]
The second President of the United States of America realized clearly
what many secular historians have failed to apprehend in an adequate
manner — the power of religion in connection with great national movements.
* See pp. 38, 42. t See p. 38.
INTllODUCTION 7
There can be no question that in those American Colonies which were
founded by evangelical Christians, one of the principal forces which brought
about the Kevolution of 1770 was ineradicable opposition to even the possi-
bility of ecclesiastical tyranny in the New World. The determination was
widespread among the Calvinists of every name that they would not submit
to even a suggestion of the persecutions and restrictions from which their
ancestors had suffered. With this position of the membership of the
Protestant Churches the political leaders of the Colonies fully sympathized.
P]ven among the Episcopal laity the opposition was strong to any proposal
for an episcopate in the Colonies which should result in an establishment
of religion.*
Religious liberty was not a feature of the government of a majority of
the Colonies at their first settlement. In some of them, as already indicated,
the religious establishment was that of the Episcopal Church. In others
the Episcopalians were dominant to the degree that they were able to repress
the religious opinions and practices of so-called dissenters. The imprison-
ment of the Rev. Francis Makemie and the Rev. John Hampton, in 1704, by
Lord Cornbury, Governor of New York ■ and New Jersey, is historic, and
the former was submitted to a trial, though acquitted by a jury. Further,
in several of the New England Colonies, the Congregational Establishments
for a time limited the rights of conscience. Connecticut, in 17-12, for
instance, passed an offensive law, aimed at the ministers engaged in the
great revival under George Whitefield, and Dr. Trumbull, in his second
volume of The History of Connecticuf, censures the act in very strong lan-
guage. The Rev. Elizur Goodrich of that Colony, a member of the Con-
vention whose Minutes are herein printed, well says in a paper on the
Colonial laws : " It is certain that for a considerable time there was too much
of a coercive uniformity in the laws of the Colony, but this by degrees
disappears and an equally universal Protestant liberty is established in its
room. Those laws which were inconsistent with freedom of thought and
liberty of conscience are either wholly repealed and set aside, or so modeled
that none can be oppressed by them. Whatever oppressive measures have
been heretofore adopted, we recollect with regret and disapprobation. We
rejoice that these have ceased, and that there is such freedom of religious
inquiry and worship that no man need be in bondage."
In the effort to secure full religious liberty for the American Colonies the
Presbyterian Church bore a leading part. In 1729 its General Synod denied
to the civil magistrate what the Westminster Assembly permitted, a
controlling power over Synods with respect to the exercise of their minis-
terial authority. The Synod also denied to the civil magistrate " the power
to persecute any for their religion."' These acts appear to be the first
declaration by an organized Church on American soil, of the freedom of the
Church from control by the State, and of absolute liberty of conscience.
The Presbyterian Church was favored in its struggles for religious liberty
by the Constitution of the Colony within which it was first fully
organized, and where, in the providence of God, it had for years,
and still has, a great number of adherents. The Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania was established to secure for all who might settle within
its borders both civil and religious liberty. Persecution for religion's
sake was contrary to the principles of the founder, and absolute
freedom of conscience was the law of the land. Twenty-five years
before 1776, the Liberty Bell was placed in the city hall at Phila-
delphia with the inscription upon it, " Proclaim liberty throughout all the
land unto all the inhabitants thereof." It was in a State free from its first
* See pp. 26, 32.
8 INTRODUCTION
settlement that the death knell of religious intolerance was sounded, that
the Presbyterian Church was organized and attained to its full develop-
ment, and that the Declaration of Independence was adopted. And it is
greatly to the credit of the founders of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
and of those Christians of whatever Church who sympathized with their
views, that these convictions became, through their efl'orts, at last dominant
in a majority of the Colonies, and after the achieval of independence became
the guiding principles of the relations of Church and State and of Christian
Churches one to another in the American Kepublic.
Among the names of the members of the Convention appear those of
several persons who became prominent in the struggle of the Colonies for
independence, notably, Francis Allison, D.D.. of Philadelphia; John Kodgers,
D.D., of New York; and John Withcrspoon. D.D., President of Princeton
College and signer of the Declaration of Independence. It is appropriate
here to state the fact that Dr. "Witherspoon was the author of the pastoral
letter sent out in 1775 by the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, to all
its ministers and congregations, in which the following paragraph appears: —
" Be careful to maintain the union which at present subsists through all
the Colonies ; nothing can be more manifest than that the success of every
measure depends on its being inviolably preserved, and therefore we hope
that you will leave nothing undone which can promote that end. In par-
ticular, as the Continental Congress, now sitting at Philadelphia, consists of
delegates chosen in the most free and unbiased manner by the body of the
people, let them not only be treated with respect and encouraged in their
difficult service — not only let your prayers be offered up to God for his direc-
tion in thoir proceedings — but adhere firmly to their resolutions ; and let it
be seen that they are able to bring out the whole strength of this vast
country to carry them into execution. We would also advise, for the same
purpose, that a spirit of candor, charity, and mutual esteem be preserved
and promoted toward those of different religious denominations. Persons of
probity and principle of every profession should be united together as
servants of the same Master, and the experience of our happy concord
hitherto in a state of liberty should engage all to unite in support of the
common interest ; for there is no example in history in which civil liberty
was destroyed and the rights of conscience preserved entire." (Records
of Synod, 1775, p. 468.)
In connection with the Minutes of the Convention attention is drawn
to certain facts connected with the history of the General Association
of Connecticut. These f;icts will explain why the General Synod
and that Association readily entered into cooperation one with another,
both prior to and after the American Revolution. The General Asso-
ciation met first in 1709, and was organized as a result of the Church
principles adopted by the Synod at Saybrook, Connecticut, hold in
1708. Under the plan adopted by that Synod, commonly knoAvn as
the "Saybrook Platform," the parish churches of Connecticut were
organized into Consociations for mutual counsel and help, and the
ministers of the churches were organized into Associations for consulta-
tion, ministerial licensure, ordination, and recommendation. In addition,
the ministerial Associations elected delegates to an annual General Associa-
tion of the whole Colony. The Church government of the Connecticut
Churches, therefore, was an approach to the Presbyterian Government.
Further, both the Presbyterian and the Congregational Churches through-
out the Colonies in the eighteenth cfentury were supporters of the Westmin-
ster Confession. In creed and in government there was much, therefore, to
Imid the churches of Connecticut to the Presbyterians of the Middle Colonies.
INTRODUCTION 9
The fellowship existing between them found expression in many ways, both
before and after the Ke volution of 177<). The Calvinists of Connecticut and
Western Massachusetts, as Prof. Williston Walker states in his History of^
the Congregational Churches in the United ^States, had, for the latter half of
the eighteenth century, been drawn " into closer affiliation with the Presby-
terians of the Middle States, who largely sympathized with their doctrinal
views. The elder Edwards, who was president of Princeton College, and
nearly half the trustees of that institution at the time of Edwards' incum-
bency, had had their education at Yale." Further, the Churches of Con-
necticut increasingly inclined to the conviction that they were akin in
government to the Presbyterians. The Hartford North Association in 1799
declared by formal Resolution that the constitution of the Connecticut
Churches contained " the essentials of the Church of Scotland or Presby-
terian Church in America." The General Association of Connecticut in
1788 spoke of the plan of union then offered as " a scheme for an union of
the Presbyterians in America," and in 1805 called the Saybrook Platform
" the Constitution of the Presbyterian Church in Connecticut." The parish
churches of that Colony were often designated, and are still in many cases
known as, Presbyterian churches. All this suggests why from 1766 down
to 1837 the General Association of Connecticut and the Supreme Judica-
tory of the Presbyterian Church, whether General Synod or General
Assembly, were associated together, first for the welfare of the American
Colonies and afterwards for the religious advancement of the United States
of America.
The expense of the publication of these Minutes is borne by the Presby-
terian Board of Publication and Sabbath-school Work, upon the recom-
mendation of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church. The
thanks both of the Church and of the general public are due to the Board
and its ofiicers.
Wm. Henry Roberts.
PRELIMINARY PROCEEDINGS
The proceedings preliminary to the General Convention for the preserva-
tion of the religious liberties of the Colonies began with the action of the
Synod of New York and Philadelphia, of the Presbyterian Church in
America, at its sessions in the City of New York, in 1706. On May 30th
of that year the (ieneral Synod, having given the subject careful considera-
tion,, took action which is recorded in its Minutes as follows : —
ACTION OF THE GENERAL SYNOD.
" An Overture was brought in to endeavor to obtain some correspond-
ence between this Synod and the Consociated Churches in Connecticut. A
copy of a letter from this Synod to them was also read and approved, and
the Rev. Messrs. John Ewing, Patrick Allison, and the moderator, are
desired to present this letter and confer with our brethren upon this affiiir.
And in case it shall seem meet to our reverend brethren to attend to this our
proposal, so far as to appoint commissioners from their body to meet with
commissioners from ours, we appoint the Rev. Dr. Allison and the Rev.
Messrs. Timothy Jones, William Tennent. Sr., John Rodgers, Elisha Kent,
John Smith, John Blair, and Samuel Buel, to meet with them at such time
and place as the reverend brethren of Connecticut shall agree. Mr. Rodgers
is appointed to give the Committee notice of what the associated brethren
will do relative to this matter." (Records of Synod, pp. 363, 364.)
LETTER- OF THE GENERAL SYNOD.
" Rev. and Dear Brethren :— The Synod of New York and Philadelphia at their
annual meeting in Mav, 1766, have, among many other expedients to promote tlie in-
terests of the Redeenu'i-'s kingdom, concluded, uiion the most mature deliberation, that
a general meeting of dele.trates botli from your Chm-clies and our Presbyteries would
answer this important iiurposc. Our earliest desire to accomplish so good an end has
engaged us to embrace this opportunity of your next General Association, to propose
the matter to vour serious deliberation, and to invite you to a general consultation
about such things as may have a hopeful tendency to promote and defend the common
cause of religion against the attacks of its various enemies ; as we are all brethren,
embarked in the same interest, perfectly agreed in doctrine and woi-ship, substantially
pui-suing the same method of discipline and church government, and we trust all ani-
mated with the same laudable zeal to advance the kingdom of our coiuuum Lord, we can-
not but hope for your readv concurrence with our invitation. ^ our good sense and
general accpiaintance witli human nature must necessarily lead you to see that a more
intimate accpiaintance witli each others' views and designs will enable us witli greater
harmony and consistence, and of consequence with greater success to support the com-
mon cause, in which we are all equally engaged. A general agreement in any
measures that mav be ada]ited to iireserve our religions liberties against all encroacli-
ments, and to bless the benighted heathen on our borders witli tlie glorious light ot
the Gospel, must promise desiral)le success. From tlie best information we can obtain
about the constitution of vour churches we are perstiaded that our pro]Hisal is not
impracticable, and it will give us sensible pleasure to fmd that your extensive cliaritv
and readiness to promote the kingdom of Christ have inchiced you to concert sucb
measures as will be best adajited to accomplish so impcn-tant an end. We June
appointed tlie Rev. Mr. Elihn Spencer, Mr. John Ewing, and Mr. Patrick A lison to
wait upon you at your next General Association, to deliver you our letter, and to con-
vei-se with "you at "large on the subject of this proposal.
" Signed, bv order of Synod,
" " Ei.iiir Spexcer, Moderator."
10
PRELIMINARY PROCEEDINGS 11
The Minutes and letter of the General Synod were presented and con-
sidered by a meeting of the General Association of the Ministers in the
Colony of Connecticut, at Guilford, June 17, 17G6, at the house of the Rev.
Mr. Thomas Ruggles. The reply of the General Association was as
follows : —
REPLY OF THE GENERAL ASSOCIATION.
" Whereas a proposal has been made to this General Association by the Rev.
Synod of New York and Philadelphia, representing that they are strictly
united with us in doctrine and wor.ship, as contained in the ^\'estminster
Confession of Faith and Catechisms, and that the great and general in-
terests of the Redeemer's kingdom would be happily promoted, the common
cause of religion and virtue strengthened and defended, whilst mutual
benevolence and brotherly love would be cultivated by a general union,
agreement, and correspondence with us, so far, and in such manner as is
consistent and in no degree interfering with their and our respective
internal state and order of government and discipline ; and that it will give
them great satisfaction to meet a number of our ministers at a suitable time
and place, to converse with them upon a plan and articles of such desired
union.
" We, therefore, having maturely considered their proposal, are unanimously
agreed to use our influence to promote a compliance with it through this
Colony, and we do in order thereto advise the several Associations to appoint
one or more of their body to meet commissioners from the Synod before
mentioned, at New York, the first Wednesday in November next [Nov. 5],
to converse with them upon a plan and articles of such desired union, to be
laid before the several Associations for their concurrence, and to be pre-
pared for the consideration of the next General Association, and then to
be completed. Voted in the affirmative." [Records of Association, June,
176G.]
The foregoing reply was enclosed in a letter from the Rev. Thomas
Ruggles, Moderator of the General Association, and sent to the Rev. Mr.
Rodgers, of New York. The letter is as follows : —
" Guilford, June 17, 1766.
" With gratitude we have received the friendly proposal from your Rev. Synod
relative to a general union, and our ready compliance with it comes enclosed ; and we
shall rejoice if the design may be liappily carried into execution and answer the good
and valuable ends in view. And may the glorious and blessed time approach when
love and union may prevail among all denominations of Christians through the world.
We are, reverend sir, your affectionate brethren.
" Signed, by order of the Association,
" Thomas Ruggles, Moderator."
At an adjourned session of the General Association at the Chapel Hall,
in New Haven, September 11, 1766, the following order was taken: —
" This Association met according to adjournment, and upon the unani-
mous motion and desire of the large Convention of ministers present on
occasion of the commencement, the Moderator of this Association is re-
quested by writing to desire the Rev. Mr. Rodgers that the intended inter-
view of delegates from the Rev. Synod of New York, etc., and the- several
Associations of this Colony, may be at Jamaica, on Long Island, and not at
New York, as was at first proposed, where it could not be attended without
danger of the small-pox. Voted in the affirmative."
Edward Eells, Scribe.
The contemplated meeting was finally appointed to be at Elizabethtown,
New Jersey.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE APPOINTING
JUDICATORIES
1. SYNOD OF NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA.
The proceedings taken by the Synod of New York and Philadclpliia of
the Presbyterian Church in America, from 1767 to 1775, in connection
with the Joint Convention are as follows : —
1767.
" The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of
Connecticut resumed.
" The 31inutes of a Convention held at Elizabethtown, the fifth of
November last, by delegates from the consociated churches in Connecticut
and from this Synod were read, and a plan of union proposed between the
Congregational, consociated, and Presbyterian Churches formed at that Con-
vention was seriously considered and amended ; and the ibllowing gentle-
men, with any other ministers of this reverend body that please to attend,
are appointed to meet with the delegates or commissioners from the Con-
gregational and consociated, or any Presbyterial bodies, at New Haven, the
tenth day of next September, and there finally, on the part of this body, to
complete the plan of union, and transact all other business that shall be
found necessary in consequence thereof.
" The gentlemen appointed are the Rev. Messrs. Lewis, Buel, Mills,
McWhorter, Rodgers, Hait, Kirkpatrick, Reed, Ramsey, Beatty. Dr. Alli-
son. Fiwing, Blair, Spencer. Wilson, Miller, DuiKeld, Robert Smith, Graliam,
and Ball." (Records of Synod, p. H7o.)
1768.
" The members of this Synod, appointed to meet the Convention at New
Haven last year, report that many of them did meet according to order,
and the plan laid before the Synod last year was accepted ; and that they
have appointed another Convention the first Wednesday of October, at
Elizabethtown, and the following gentlemen are now appointed by this
Synod to be delegates from this body to meet at said convention, viz. ;
Messrs. Case, Kent. Lewis, ^Nlills, Rodgers. Jones. Jacob Green, Caldwell,
William Tennent, Kirkpatrick, Blair, Spencer, Robert Smith. Miller, JNIont-
gomery, Duffield. Hunt, Richard Treat, Hunter, Kwing, Joseph Treat, Dr.
Allison, Mead, Close, Brainerd, Allison, Fiidey, James Kerr, and Cooper.
"The Synod does order Dr. Allison to write to the General Association
of Consociated Churches in Connecticut to appoint one of their members to
open with a sermon at Elizabethtown ; and the Synod orders that the
Minutes of said Convention be laid before this body every year." (Records
of Synod, pp. 380 and 381.)
12
PROCEEDINGS OF THE APPOINTING JUDICATORIES 13
17«9.
" The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. General Convention at Eliza-
bethtown last October, laid before the Synod the Minutes of the Conven-
tion agreeable to a standing order for that purpose.
" As the next General Convention is to meet the fourteenth of September
at New Haven, the Synod appoints to attend on that occasion the following
members, viz. ; the Rev. Messrs. John Strain, Richard Treat, James Sproat,
John Brainerd, Joseph Montgomery, John Craighead, Jacob Kerr, Elihu
Spencer, John Ewing, Patrick Allison, Dr. Witherspoon, William Tennent,
Dr. Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, John Close, Samuel
Duel, Solomon Mead, and Wheeler Case ; Dr. Witherspoon is appointed to
open the Convention, or, in case of his absence, Dr. Rodgers." (Records
of Synod, p. 392.)
1770.
" The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. General Convention at New
Haven in September last laid before the Synod the Minutes of the Con-
vention.
" As the next General Convention is to meet at Elizabethtown the first
Wednesday of October, at eleven o'clock, the Synod appoints to attend on
that occasion the Rev. Messrs. Beatty, Sproat, Brainerd, Ewing, Mont-
gomery, William Foster, Bacon, Spencer, Miller, Duffield, King, William
Tennent, Dr. Witherspoon, Hait, Halsey, Jones, Horton, Dr. Rodgers,
Treat, McWhorter, Blair, Caldwell, Graham, Lewis, Mills, and Tallmage."
(Records of Synod, p. 406.)
1771.
" The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. General Convention at
Elizabethtown, in October last, brought in the Minutes of their proceedings,
which were read.
" As the next General Convention is to meet at Norwalk the first
Wednesday of September next, at eleven o'clock, the Synod appoints as
delegates to attend upon that occasion the Rev. Messrs. William Tennent,
Jeremiah Halsey, James Sproat, John Brainerd, Dr. Francis Allison, Dr.
John Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Elihu
Spencer, J. Treat, Joseph Montgomery, John Blair, John Close, Jedidiah
Chapman, John AVoodhull, Dr. John Witherspoon, Charles Beatty, Solomon
Mead, and Samuel Mills.
" And the Rev. Mr. John Blair, or, in his absence, the Rev. Joseph
Montgomery, is appointed to open the Convention by a sermon." (Records
of Synod, p. 416.)
1773.
" The Minutes of the last General Convention were laid before the
Synod, which were read ; and as the next General Convention is to meet at
Elizabethtown the fourth Wednesday in September next, the Synod appoint
as delegates to attend upon that occasion the Rev. Messrs. George Duffield^
James Hunt, John Miller, Joseph Montgomery, William Foster, John Car-
michael, Richard Treat, James Sproat, John Brainerd, Dr. Francis Allison,
John Ewing, Dr. John. Witherspoon, William Tennent, Elihu Spencer,
Jeremiah Halsey, Dr. John Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, James Cald-
well, Joseph Treat, William Mills, John Close, Samuel Mills, and Ichabod
Lewis." (Records of Synod, pp. 426 and 427.)
14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE APPOINTING JUDICATORIES
1773.
" The Minutes of the last General Convention were brought by Dr.
Rodgers, their stated register, and read ; and as the Convention is to meet
again at Stamford, in Connecticut, the first Wednesday in September next,
at eleven oclock, we appoint to attend there and to act as members from
the Synod, the Rev. Dr. Francis Allison, Dr. John Witherspoon, Dr. John
Rodgers, Andrew Hunter, Elihu Spencer, John Brainerd, Benjamin Hait,
John Ewing, Benjamin Chesnutt, Joseph Montgomery, Alexander
McWhorter, James Caldwell, Joseph Treat, John Carmichael. William
Mills, John Close, Jeremiah llalsey, Samuel Mills, and Ichabod Lewis ; and
Dr. Witherspoon to open the Convention with a sermon, but in case he
should fail, Mr. McWhorter is appointed in his room."' (Records of Synod,
p. 440.)
1774.
" The Minutes of last General Convention were brought in by Dr. Rodgers,
their stated register, and read ; and as the next Convention is to meet at
Elizabethtown, the third Wednesday of September, at three o'clock, P. jM.,
we appoint the Rev. Messrs. Dr. Francis Allison, Dr. John Witherspoon.
Dr. John Rodgers, Richard Treat, William Tennent, James Sproat, Jacob
Green, Andrew Hunter, Benjamin Chesnutt, Israel Read, Elihu Spencer,
John Miller, Benjamin Hait, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter,
James Caldwell, John Woodhull, Jedidiah Chapman, and George Duffield
to attend there as members of the said Convention from this body. '
(Records of Synod, pp. 453 and 454.)
1775.
" The Minutes of the last General Convention were brought in by Dr.
Rodgers, their stated register, and read.
" The Synod appoint as delegates for the next Convention, Messrs. Dr.
Witherspoon, Dr. Allison, Dr. Rodgers, Wheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis.
Samuel Mills, David Rose, John Davenport, Joseph Treat, Thomas Lewis,
Benjamin Woodruff, John Close, Benjamin Hait, Jeremiah Halsey, Elihu
Spencer, Israel Read, John Brainerd, James Sproat, Nathaniel Irwin, Robert
Davison, Joseph Montgomery, and John Woodhull, to meet at Greenfield in
Connecticut, the first Wednesday of next September. Mr. Jo.seph Treat to
open the Convention with a sermon, and in case of Mr. Treat's absence Mr.
Hait to preach the sermon." (Records of Synod, p. 464.)
1776.
" The Minutes of the last Convention were brought in and read.
" The Synod, considering the distracted situation of our public affairs,
judge that an attendance on the Convention by any of their members the
ensuing appointment will be impracticable, and order Dr. Rodgers to inform
the General Association as early as possible thereof, together with their
design of sending members to attend at the place appointed, on the third
Wednesday of September, 1777." (Records of Synod, p. 473.)
1777.
" The Synod are of opinion that they cannot send any members to meet
the General Convention on the third Wednesday of September next, and
order Mr. Sproat to give notice thereof to the General Association of Con-
PROCEEDINGS OF THE APPOINTING JUDICATORIES 15
necticut ; and that the Synod will cheerfully appoint members to attend
said Convention whenever the situation of public aifairs will admit of it."
(Records of Synod, p. 477.)
II. GENERAL ASSOCIATION OF CONNECTICUT.
The proceedings of the General Association of Connecticut as reported in
the edition of the Minutes of the Convention, published in 1843, were as
follows : —
1707.
" The Association being informed by the delegates that the several partic-
ular Associations in the Colony have considered and approved the design
of a Convention at New Haven next September, agreeable to the motion
made at the Convention in Elizabethtown last November, and have appointed
delegates to attend it, desire the Moderator to signify the same to the Rev.
Synod by a letter to the Rev. John Rodgers of New York, which is as
follows : —
" Rev. Sir : — By order of the General Association now regularly con-
vened at Middletown, I am desired to inform you, and by you, the Rev.
Synod of New York and Philadelphia, that the proposed Convention at
New Haven in September next has been considered and approved by the
particular Associations through the Government, and they have appointed
delegates to attend the Convention agreed to by the Rev. Convention at
Elizabethtown in November last ; and to assure you that with great respect
we are your brethren in the faith and fellowship of our common Lord Jesus
Christ." (The Rev. Thomas Ruggles was the Moderator.)
1768.
" Voted, that Mr. Dickinson, who is appointed a delegate to the General
Convention at Elizabethtown in October next, be desired to preach at the
opening of the Convention ; and in case of his failing, Mr. Williams, another
of our delegates, is desired to attend that service."
There are also entries of a concurrence of the General Association with
the Synod about the admission of members to the Convention, and about
voting, which will appear in the Minutes of the next Convention, and need
not therefore be inserted in this place.
1769.
" In the brief Records of the General Association of Connecticut for
1769 nothing is said about the General Convention."
1770.
" The Rev. Mr. Lockwood of Wethersfield is appointed to preach the
sermon in the public Convention at Elizabethtown, and in case of his fail-
ure, Mr. Ross."
1771.
" The Rev. Mes.srs. Taylor and Ross, according to the appointment of the
last General Convention, laid before this body the importance of punctually
attending every General Convention, particularly the nest at Norwalk, and
'tis hereby earnestly recommended to the delegates now chosen that they
do attend."
16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE APPOINTING JUDICATORIES
1772.
" Instructions to the delegates of the several Associations to attend the
next General Convention to meet at Elizabetlitown the last Wednesday but
one in September, 1772.
" Rev. Brethren : — Whereas some of the clergy of the Church of England
have shewed great assiduity in soliciting an American Episcopate, and
petitions (as we are informed) have been preferred to his Majesty, the
Archbishop of Canterbury, &c., by Messrs. Cooper and Horrax, requesting
the same, we inform you that 'tis the advice of this Association that you
heartily concur with the Southern gentlemen in counteracting any motions
that have or shall be made for said Episcopate, in such manner as may seem
most convenient in said Convention.
" Voted, That the Rev. Samuel Clark, who is appointed delegate to the
next General Convention at Elizabethtown, be desired to open said Conven-
tion with a sermon ; and in case of his failing, Mr. Cotton M. Smith, another
of our delegates, is desired to perform that service.
" Voted, To desire the Rev. Noah Wells, standing Register of the General
Convention, annually to lay before this Board the doings of said Con-
vention."
1773.
The Records of the General Association of Connecticut for 1773 do not
notice the General Convention.
1774.
" The Rev. Samuel Lockwood is appointed to preach the sermon at the
opening of the next General Convention at Elizabethtown, and in case of
his failure, the Rev. Mr. Baldwin is appointed.
" The doings of the last General Convention were read before this
Association, and were well accepted."
1775.
In the recorded Minutes of the General Association of Connecticut, in
June, 1775, there is no notice of the doings of the General Convention the
preceding year, nor reference to the then succeeding meeting the same year.
1776.
The original Minutes of the General Association of 1776 are lost, and it
is not known whether any report of the General Convention of 1775 was
made to the Association at that time.
j^oTE.— While the General Convention did not meet after the year 1775, and while
the success of the American arms made unnecessary any united effort against the
establishment of a Diocesan Episcopacy in tlie new world, yet the cooperation of the
Synod of New York and Philadelphia and the General Association of Connecticut for
the spiritual welfare of the American people was continued, and is referred to iu the
Introduction.*
* See p. 5.
MINUTES OF THE GENERAL CONVENTION
1766.
Elizahethtown, New Jersey, Nov. 5th, 1766.
The Convention of the Rev. the Delegates from the several Associations
in Connecticut, and the Rev. Committee of the Synod of New York and
Philada. met according to agreement.
Present from Connecticut : the Rev. Messrs. Noah Welles, Samuel
Newel, James Sproat, Eliezer Goodrich, Benjamin Boardman, and William
Tennent, Jr.
Members of the Synod : Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Sr., Dr. Francis
Allison, John Blair, Timothy Jones, John Brainerd, Samuel Buel, Azariah
Horton, Charles Beaty, William Mills, Alexander McWhorter, Benjamin
Hait, Jonathan Elmer, Israel Read, John Guild, Benjamin Woodruff, Azel
Roe, Joseph Treat, Patrick Allison, Jedidiah Chapman, and John Rodgers.
Mr. Welles opened the Convention with a sermon from Rom. iii. 31, after
which Mr. AVelles was chosen Chairman, and Mr. Rodgers, Scribe.
Adjourned till 9 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Nov. 6, 17G6. 6th day, 9 oclocli, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered that the Minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Present also this day from Connecticut : the Rev. Messrs. Joseph
Bellamy, Robert Ross, and Nathaniel Taylor ; and of the Synod, the Rev.
Mr. Enoch Green.
The Minutes of the Synod respecting this Convention, and their letter to
the associated brethren of Connecticut, inviting them thereto, were read ;
as also the commission of the several brethren from that Colony, given them
by their respective Associations.
The design of this Convention was then opened, and two papers on the
subject were read. Agreed that they be taken into consideration, which
was accordingly done, and after some consideration on their several articles,
adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
3 o'clock P.M. P. P. S. Q. S.
Ordered that the Minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Mr. John Carmichael, a member of Synod, is also present. The Conven-
tion proceeded to consider the articles of the papers read the last sederunt,
and the following general articles were agreed to, to be laid before our
respective constituants : —
A plan of union humbly proposed to the Commissioners from the Con-
sociated Churches in Connecticut, and the United Synod of New York and
Philadelphia, met at Elizabethtown, Nov. 5, 1766.
1st. That a General Convention be formed of the Pastors of the Con-
gregational, Consociated, and Presbyterian Churches in North America,
consisting of delegates, chosen by each of these respective bodies, to be
held annually, or as often as may be thought necessary, and that the first
2 17
18 MINUTES OF THE [1766.
Convention be held at New Haven the next day after their public com-
niencement, whicli will be the lOth day of" Sept., 17G7.
2d. That this General Convention shall not be invested with, nor shall it
at any time hereafter assume any power, dominion, jurisdiction, or authority
over the Churches or Pastors, or any other Church or Pastor. And it is
particularly agreed that the Congregational, Consociated and Presbyterian
Churches shall subsist intire and independant of each other, notwithstanding
this union, retaining their peculiar usuages and forms of government ; nor
shall ever attempts be made, nor any authority directly or indirectly used
by this General Convention to change or assimulate the same.
3rdly. That the general design of this Convention be to gain information
of the public state of this united cause and interest ; to collect accounts
relating thereto ; to unite our endeavors and counsels for spreading the
Gospel and preserving the religious liberties of our Churches ; to diffuse
liarmony and keep up a correspondence throughout this united body and
with our friends abroad, to recommend, cultivate, and preserve loyalty and
allegiance to the King's Majesty, and also to address the King or the King's
Ministers from time to time with assurances of the unshaken loyalty of the
pastors comprehended in this union and the churches under their care, and
to vindicate them if unjustly aspersed.
4th. That summary accounts of all the informations and transactions in
this General Convention be from time to time duly transmitted to all the
Associations, Presbyteries, or any other bodies that shall accede to, or be
included in, this Union.
It is also agreed that letters be wrote to the Eev. the ministers of the
Congregational and Presbyterian Churches of the Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, and Rhode Island governments, informing them what we have
done at this General Convention, and inviting them in the warmest manner
to meet us by proper deligates at New Haven on the day agreed on ; as also
that letters of the same nature or tenor be wrote to the Rev. brethren of
the Dutch Pieformed Churches in the Provinces of New York, New Jersey,
and Pennsylvania ; and Mr. Bellamy, Mr. Beaty, and Mr. McWhorter are
desired to prepare drauglits of said letters, to be brought in to-morrow
morning ; and inasmuch as there are three Associations in Connecticut who
are not represented in this Convention, Mr. Sproat is desired to communi-
cate a copy of this Plan to the IModerator of the two Associations in New
London county, and Mr. Newel is desired to communicate one to the
Moderator of the Association of Windham.
Adjourned till 9 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Nov. 7, 17GG. 7th day, 9 o'clock, A. M. P. P. S. Q. S.
Ordered that the Minutes of the last sederunt be read. The Committee
appointed to prepare the draught of a letter to the Brethren of the INIassa-
chusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island governments and of the Dutch
Churches, brought it in, which was read, approved, and is as follows : —
To the Reverend, the, &c., Convention of the CongroRational pastors in jVIassa-
chnsetts Bay: — The Kev'd Delegates from the Associated Pastors in Connectieiit and
the Kev'd Committee of the Synod of New York and IMiiladclphia, convened at
I'^lizabetlitown, November o, 1766.
Rev. Brethren :— The Synod .>f New York and Philadelphia, at their last session
in May, takins: into serious consideration the many valuable ]mrposes, botli for
promoting tbe kiiiguoni of Clirist and preserving our religious liberty, that might be
answered by a general union of tbe Congregational, Consociated, and Presbyterian
Ministers in these Colonies of North America, proposed their thoughts to the Rev.
Associated Pastors of Connecticut, who ajipointed delegates from each of their Associa-
tions to meet with a Committee of said Synod, to concert some plan wherein they
1706.]
GENERAL CONVENTION VJ
might unite, and tlien lav said plan before their respective constituents, who accord-
ingly met and drew up siich a plan of iniion as appeared to them expedient, which, if
approved by our constituents, will be confirmed at our first General Convention, which
is to be at New Haven the 10th of Sept., 1767. And as we greatly desire that
your union should extend tli rough all the Colonies, we embrace this first opportunity
to inform our brethren of it in the other Provinces, that, if agreeable to them, they
may send delegates to this General Convention, to unite in this important design and
assist in iinishing and compleating the plan, of which we enclose you a copy, that you
may have time to deliberate upon it, and if you think proper to unite with us, may
have opportunity to make such emendations as you shall judge expedient.
Your presence with us, by such gentlemen as you shall appoint from your Rev.
body, in such way and manner as appears to you most convenient, will be very
acceptable to your brethren in our common Lord.
Per order of the present Convention,
Noah Welles, Chairman.
It is agreed that these letters be signed by the Chairman, in the name of
the present Convention.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
3 o cinch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered that the Minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The letters to the several brethren to the eastward invited to join with us
in this union were properly signed, and sent together with the plans
enclosed.
The Scribe is desired to send proper copies of this letter to the pastors of
the Dutch Reformed Churches, together with a plan of the proposed
union. Concluded with prayer.
PROPOSED LETTER.
(The following proposed letter is annexed to the foregoing Minutes, as found in the
edition of 1843. It is stated to have been written by the Register of New Haven
East Association, and is here inserted as throwing light upon the general situation in
1766.) ,. J ■ T J
Suppose a gentleman in the Colonies should write to his correspondent in London
-as follows : —
" Sir : — We understand sundry petitions have been sent home by some of the
Episcopal Clergy in these Colonies in order to obtain the appointment of a Bishop
here ; and that it is a determined point on your side of the water to embrace the
first favorable opportunity for that pur{)0se. This affair we must confess gives us much
anxietv, not that we are of intolerant principles; nor do we envy the Episcopal
Churches tiie privileges of a Bishop for tlie purposes of ordination, confirmation, and
inspecting the morals of their Clergy, provided they have no kind of superiority over,
nor power any wav to affect the civil or religious interests of other denominations.
Let this be but settled by an act of Parliament, and such Bishops divested of the powers
annexed to that office bv the common law of England, and then we shall be more easy.
Without this the introd'uction of a Diocesan into the Colonies would throw us into the
utmost confusion and distraction. For though it is alleged that no other than the
above hinted moderate Episcopacy is desired or designed ; yet should it not be fixed
by Parliamentary authority, we have no security that matters will be carried no farther ;
yea, from the restless spirit, which some here have discovered, we have reason to
apprehend that there is more in view. Our forefathers, and even some of ourselves,
have seen and felt the tvrannv of Bishops' Courts. Many of the first inhabitants of
these Colonies were obliged to "seek an asylum among savages in this wilderness in
order to escape the ecclesiastical tyranny of Archbishop Laud and others of his
stamp. Such tyrannv, if now exercised in America, would either driveus to seek new
habitations among the heathen, where England could not claim a jurisdiction, or
excite riots, rebellion, and wild disorder. We dread the consequences as oft as we
think of this danger. Gentlemen acquainted with the law inform us that a Bishop is
a public minister of state, known in the common law of England, and invested with a
power of erecting courts to take cognizance of all affairs testamentary and matrimonial,
and to enquire into and punish for all offences of scandal. Might he not plead, as
well as anv man, that the common law of England is his birth-right, and that the laws
20 MINUTES OF THE [1766.
in force before the settling of the Colonies were bronght hither and took place with the
first .settlei-s. What is to hinder him to claim all the powers exercised by Archhishop
Laud and his P>clesiastical Omrts? All acts made in England since that lime to
lessen the power of Uisliops and their Courts can be of no service to us, for it is not
mentioned in any of tht-m tliat tliey are extended to the Colonies, and the reason is
plain ; no such exorl)itant powers were claimed or exercised among us. Now can any-
thing else than the most grievous convulsion in the Colonies be expected from such a
revotution ? Will it all go down with us to have the whole course of business turned
into a new channel? Would it be yielded that the Register's office, the care of
orjihans, etc., should be transferred from the present oihcers to such as a Bishop
mio-ht appoint? Would not the Colonies sutler the last extremities before they would
submit to have tlie legality of marriages and matters respecting divorce tried in an
Ecclesiastical Court ? It is not easy to conceive what endless jtrosecutions under the
notion of scandal may be multiplied. A covetous, a tyrannical, and domineering
I'relate or his Chancellor would always have it in their power to harass our country,
and make our lives bitter by lines, imprisonments, and lawless severity. Will the
numerous Colonies, who came" hither for the sake of freedom from ecclesiastical oppres-
sion, and by whose toil a great increase of dominion and connnerce hath arisen to the
mother country, bear to iind themselves divested of the ecjiiality and liberty they have
so long enjoyed, and brought under the power of a particular denomination ? And see
them monopolize all important places of trust in order tosecure that power? That the
Episcopal Churches should enjoy all the privileges of their own discipline and govern-
ment is a matter we have nothing to object against, but let Bishops be by law confined
to the care ofthepeojjle and clergy of their own Church, and stript of all their for-
midable power over other denominations, and let us be secured against the burden of
their su))port ; but without this we shall look upon ourselves reduced to the most
abject state, enslaved to the power of those whose interest or ambition may lead them
to oppress us, without the advantage of being near the throne to beg relief, while they
would be supported by all the power and influence of the Bishops at home. We have
no more to object to a B.isliop over the Episcopal Churches in America than among
the Canadians and ^Moravians, provided they have no more to do with us. AVe only
desire the interests of our friends, that if ]5ishops must be sent, which we fear will be
attended with bad consecpiences, they may be imder such restraints as are consistent
with our present state of peace and iil)erty, and beg their influence to prevent these
evils, which will incvitablv disturb the peace of our Colonies without doing any real
service to religion or the Episcopal Churches. Do us the justice to assert that we love
our most gracious King and the British Constitution, that we are upon jirinciple loyal
as well as profitable subjects, and that our importance to Great Britain will become
everv dav more evident, and take jiroper opportunities to lay these dangers before our
friends with you, which will oblige thousands in America, and in particular, &c."
LETTER OF FRANCIS ALLISON.
Among the files in the hands of the Register of New Haven East Association is the
following letter, relating to the same subject as the foregonig document, and which
was publislied in 1843 : —
"To Mr. Sproat, , , . , . .
" Rev. Sir :— Yon desired me to let you know why we are persuaded in this city
that there is a determination or a fixed resolution to send Bishops to America.
" Bv a letter from Dr. Cli. [Chandler] which I have by me I was informed that the
Bishop of Canterburv, in a conference with him, said with some vehemence that it
was hard to denv that i)rivilege to the Church of p:ngland in America that she allowed
to all Dissenters'— viz., libertv of con.science. And they were determuied, as he said,
in a proper time to send Bishops. The Doctor said he desired he might know before
thev were sent, which the Archbishop promised him. Dr. Samuel Provost of our
Colonv told me that it was the last thing the Archbishop gave his clergy in charge,
not to' tease the Bishop and others with petitions from the clergy ot the Colonies, lor
thev would watch the oi>portunity and make a point of sending Bishops without any
further trouble. He also told a irentlcman (^f great veracity of the tliat he [Dr.
Smith] had given in a plea for establishing Bishops, which w.nild certainly take place.
The Bishop of Canterburv, 1 was told bv Mr. William 8. [Smith] of New \ork, in
his answer to Dr. Mavhew, declares that thev would send Bishops as soon as it would
be found agreeable to' the P., and that mav be easily accomplished by the Governor
and Assembly of some of our Colonies, which would be taken for the voice of the
people before the petition ; and Doctor S. told me that the leading Quakers in this
17G7.] GENERAL CONVENTION 21
Province oifered to sign a certificate that they are willing to admit a moderate
Episcopacy.
" I saw two petitions from the Clergy of the Episcopal Church in New York and
Jersey governments, petitioning for a Bishop or Bishops, complaining that more than
a million (in the other near a million) of petitioners or parishioners of Episcopalians
(of persons of the of Epis.) are without Bishops, while all other religious de-
nominations hatl their forms of government full and complete. These were written
the '2d October, 1765, and sent home, and with them five others — viz., two to the
Archbishops of York and Canterbury ; two to the two Universities ; one to the Bishop
of London, one to the Society for Propagating the Gospel, and one to the King —
seven in all. And in them or these they reilect on other denominations as disaffected
to monarchical government, and allege that the King's power (or privilege) and theirs
is inseparably connected. In that city it is the subject of conversation in the coflee-
house and in the most public companies as an atiair that must take place ; and as an
afllxir that it would be disloyal and intolerant to oppose. One of their petitions above
mentioned was found among Dr. Chandler's papers, as Mr. Stockton informed Mr.
William Smith of New York, by a letter which 1 heard him read.
" In the Annual Register for the year 1765 Mr. Allen of that city showed me the plea
proposed by Dr. Boulter (who was a Bishop) for sending Bishops to America. And
Dr. S. told me that tliey would have Bishops settled in America in spite of all the
Presbyterian opposition, and added that the Quakers and Baptists would join with
them against us. They say that their Bishops are only to have the power of ordaining,
confirming, and taking care of the morals of their Episcopal Clergy. To such few
would make objections. That is the Archbishop's proposal and Bishop Boulter (or
Butler's) scheme. As a Bishop is a state affair, known in the common law of England,
by that law he has a right to establish courts, to take cognizance of all afiairs matri-
monial, testamentary, and relating to scandals ; and no denomination is free from his
jurisdiction. That power they have a right by common law to exercise ; as we are
informed by gentlemen as well skilled in the law as any on the Continent ; and under
one of these three heads we must feel the severity of a spiritual court. The friends of
Episcopacy say that their power in England cannot take place in America, for it is
local and confined. We know that in New England governments, tabellions or
notaries public are appointed by the Archbishop of Canterbury, wliich shows that he
claims this {)ower by the common law. In New York we are told that all the marriage
licenses granted by the Governor are stamped with the mitre, which shows that the
Bishops claim the power there in affairs matrimonial ; and I am told that the Governor
of New Jersey holds a commission from the Archbishop to act for him in some things
relating to affairs testamentary or matrimonial, or both. Hence it is evident from the
conduct of the Archbishop that they claim this power, and that they will erect such
courts to ruin and oppress us unless they be restrained by an act of Parliament ; and
that every friend of liberty should plead for, if Bishops must be sent among us. Thus
have I briefly laid before you what I know in that affair, and wishing you safe to
your family and connections, I am, dear sir, your aftectionate friend and humble
servant,
Philadelphia, Nov. 15, 1766.
"Fra. Allison."
1767.
Neio Haven, Sept. 10, 1767.
The General Convention met. Ubi post preces sedet. Of the Rev'd
Synod of New York and Philadelphia : the Rev. Dr. Francis Allison,
Messrs. William Ramsey, William Kirkpatrick, Benjamin Hait, Alexander
McWhorter, Azel Roe, John Ewing, Patrick Allison, Thomas Lewis,
Nehemiah Bacher, Chauncey Graham, Eliphalet Ball, Solomon Mead, John
Rodgers, and Jedediah Chapman.
Of the Rev'd the Presbytery of Boston : Messrs. Jonathan Parsons and
David McGregory.
Of the Rev'd the Associated Pastors of Connecticut : Messrs. Nathaniel
Eells, Joseph Fish, Philemon Robbins, Ebenezer Devotion, Benj'n Throope,
Benj'n Pomroy, James Cogswell, Timothy Pitkin, Edward Dorr, James
Lockwood, William Russel, James Sproat, Noah Welles, Daniel Farrand,
Nathaniel Bartlett, John Devotion, Robert Ross, Hezekiah Gold, and Enoch
Huntington.
22 MINUTES OF THE [1767.
The Convention was opened with a sermon by Dr. Francis Allison from
1 Cor. xii. 27. Dr. Allison was chosen Chairman and Mr. Welles, i?cribe.
After prayer the Convention adjourned to 3 o'clock, P. M.
- 3 o'clock, P.M., met according to adjournment, and opened wit/b j^ra^f^r.
Voted, That the thanks of the Convention be returned to the Kev. Dr.
Francis Allison for his sermon delivered at the opening of it. and that he
be desired to give a copy of it that it may be printed.
The Minutes of the Convention at Elizabethtown, in Nov. last were read
in Convention; as also the Kesolves* of the Convention in Boston, the
Associated Pastors of Rhode Island and Providence, and of one Associa-
tion in New Hampshire, in answer to the letters of invitation sent them
from the Convention in November last. After some conversation and
debate upon the above Kesolves ;
Voted, That Messrs. Ebenezer Devotion, Parsons, McGregory. Ewing,
McWhorter, Sproat, and Dorr be appointed a Committee to bring in a plan
for continuing the Convention.
Adjourned to 9 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
[Sejjt. 11, 1707.']
11th day. Met according to adjournment, and opened icith p>rayer.
Moved that the Resolves of the Convention in Boston, in answer to the
letter of invitation, be considered ; the same were accordingly read, and a
free conference had upon the contents of them.
A Plan for continuing this Convention, prepared by the Committee
appointed for that purpose, was brought in and read in the Convention, and
after some debate and consultations upon the contents of it, the Convention
adjourned to 3 o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
3 o^ clock P. M. : met according to adjournment, and opened icitli prayer.
After some particular conference upon the plan of union drawn up in
Nov. last, it was agreed by this Board that the following addition be made
to the 2d Article, viz. : immediately after the words " or any other Church
* The Resolves here referred to are supposed to be the votes in the following Extract
from the Eeeords of the Convention of Congregational Ministers in JIassaehusetts.
Boston, Maj' 27, 1767. "A letter from the Eev. Delegates from the Associated Pastors
in Connecticut, and the Rev. Committee of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia,
convened at Elizahethtown, Nov. nth, 17(i(), to the Rev. Convention of the Congrega-
tional Pastors in Massachusetts Bay. inviting them to send their Delegates to the pro-
posed General Convention at New H.aven, on September 10th. ]7(i7, was communicated
to the Convention, together with a Plan of Union, drawn uj) by the Delegates afore-
said ; to take place among the Pastors of the Congregational and Presbyterian Churches
in North America."
May 28. " Voted, &c. Whereas we have received a letter from the Rev. Delegates
[aforesaid], &c., »fec. That although we are not prepared to send Delegates to the pro-
posed Convention, yet we take this occasion to declare our sincere aft'ection to our
Brethren and fellowship with them in the Gospel, and our readiness at all times to
unite our counsels and endeavors with them for the spreading of the Gospel, defend-
ing the liberties of the.se Churches, for cultivating love and harnumy among ourselves,
and with our friends abroad, and for promoting the kingdom of our common Re-
deemer."
"Voted, That the aforesaid Pastors of the town of Boston with," &c., "be a Com-
mittee to make a resi)ectful an.swer to the aforesaid letter, and also to maintain a friendly
correspondence with our Brethren aforesaid ; said Committee to make a report at our
next meeting. "
Voted. "That [the aforesaid Committee] be desired in the name of the Convention,
to write to the Committee of Dejiutation of Dissenters in England, to thank tliem for
the concern they have expressed for our religious liberties; and to desire that they
would give us their assistance, and use their influence for the preservation of the same,
and in particular, that a Bishop may not be sent among us."
1707] GENERAL CONVENTION 23
or Pastor," — these words, " nor shall any counsel or advice be asked or
given, in this General Convention, relative to any internal debates subsist-
ing, or that may subsist, in any of those bodies."
Voted, That letters be wrote in the name of this Convention, to the
several Rev'd Bodies in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island,
in answer to those received from them : And that Dr. Allison and Mr.
Ewing be appointed to prepare and send a letter to the Convention in
Boston ; Messrs. Elles and Fish, to our Brethren in Rhode Island ; and
Messrs. McGregory and Parsons, to our Brethren in New Hampshire.
Voted, That the following gentlemen be appointed as Committees to
carry on an epistolary correspondence with our friends in Great Britain,
particularly Dennis Dubert, Esq., and Mr. Samuel Smith, merchant in
London ; with our Brethren in the Massachusets, &c., and with each other,
viz. : in Pennsylvania — the Rev. Dr. Francis Allison, Messrs. Richard
Treat, and John lowing ; in New York and New Jersey — Messrs. John
Rodgers, Joseph Treat, Alexander McWhorter, and Benjamin Halt ; in
Connecticut — Messrs. Noah Hobart, James Lockwood, Naphtali Daggett,
I]dward Dorr, and Noah Welles.
Ordered that the next meeting of the General Convention be at Eliza-
bethtown, on the first Tuesday of October, which will be in the year 1768,
unless the Chairman, with the advice of the Committee of correspondence,
shall see it necessary to order a meeting sooner.
The Convention concluded with prayer by the Chaii'man.
The above are the doings of the Convention.
Test,
Noah Welles, Scribe.
LETTER FROM THE CONVENTION IN BOSTON.
Boston, June 21, 1767.
R. D. B. : — Your Plan of Union among the Presbyterian and Congregational Cluirches
in North America, was laid before the Convention at their general meeting at Boston, May
28. The Convention with Pleasure embrace tlie opportunity of declaring their sincere
affection to our Bretliren engaged in this extensive Design and assure them of our
readiness to unite our counsels and endeavor witli them in every metliod which may
have a tendency to promote the Honour of Religion, extend the Kingdom of our
Divine Master, establish Harmony among the Churches of Christ and defend them in
the full enjoyment of their religious liberties.
With this view we shall at all times employ our Interest with our friends at home
and abroad and upon every occasion manifest our fellowship with you in the Faith and
hope of the Gospel.
But upon mature deliberation we cannot but fear the inconveniences which may
probably arise from the proposed Plan of Union, will counter ballance the advantages
which are expected from it. You are all sensible that the Congress at New York last
year tho' assembled upon an important occasion, was viewed in a very disadvantageous
light on the other side of the Atlantic, and represented as a design to force the
Colonys into an independent State. It seems as if the British Parliment considered
that transaction as a greater insult upon their authority than any other measures
which were taken to oppose the Stamp Act.
It is not improbable that the Ecclesiastical authority in our Mother Country will
look upon so extensive a Confederacy as now proposed in something of a similar "light.
You well remember the Episcopal Clergy in their late Petition for a Bishop made a
piteous lamentation over their own distressed situation, that while all the dissenters
from the Church of England in North America enjoy their religious establishments,
they are deprived of an essential part of their Constitution ; we fear that the intended
General Convention will furnish them with a more plausible argument to inforce their
petition than they would otherwise have had. Our wise and judicious friends in
London assure us that there is no danger pt present, that an American Bishop will be
appointed. If any project of this nature should be revived and meet with encourage-
ment we shall doubtless have seasonable notice from a Committee of the Deputation
in London, with whom we keep a correspondence ; and we shall unite with our breth-
24 MINUTES OF THE [1768.
ren in tlie most vigorous methods to render the attempt abortive. Till danger appears
it is best not to give an alarm ; it is wise not to awaken jealousy lest we feel its unliappy
<x)nse4uences. This was a caution given us by Doc' r Avery some years ago — a gentle-
man of the first distinction among the dissenters, and for many years Chairman of the
Counnittee of Deputation. These are his words : " Hitherto the atl'air of the American
Bishop lies dormant and seems not likely to be revived unless we awaken it by an
indiscreet and inlemperatjly zealous opposition ; this it is to be hojjed our friends in
Kew England will cautiously avoid. We will watch it here as carefully as we can,
and will continue to take the most prudent methods we can to ward otl'the blow that
has been so long threatened.
About the year 1725 in the gentle reign of George I. under the pacific administra-
tion of Sr Kobert Walpole, the Convention of the Massachusits, jjroposed calling a
Synod to consult the most proper methods to revive religeon in tliis land. The
Ministers of the Cliurch of England feared where no occasion of fear was, and used
every art and address to prevent this pious and inoti'ensive design. The Consequence was
Gov'^r Dunnner received a severe reproof for giving his assent to the calling the
Synod, and had positive orders to prevent their meeting in any time to come.
Whetiier anything of the like nature is to be feared in the present case may deserve
consideration. If at any time the libertys of our Churches sliould be assailed we
are persuaded relief may be obtained in more silent methods. In these we sliall
always with pleasure unite with you. We account it our honour and duty upon all
occasions to give you the sincerest evidences that we are
Your afiectionate brethren and humble servants.
To the Rev'd Mr. Noah Welles, to be com- \ j^^^_.^^ Sewall, in the name of the
municated to the Convention which is to > Committee
meet at New Haven, Sept. 10th, 1767. J
1768.
ElirMhethtrncn, New Jersey, Oct. 5, 1768.
The Rev. General Convention of Delegates from the Associated Churches
of Connecticut, and from the Synod of New York and Pliiladelphia, met
according to adjournment. U. P. P. S.
Kev'd William Tennent, sen'r, Wheeler Case, William Mills, John Eodgers,
Thomas Lewis, Timothy Jones. Joseph Treat, James Caldwell, William
Kirkpatrick, John Blair, Robert Smith, Joseph Montgomery. Richard Treat,
Andrew Hunter, John Ewing, Solomon Mead, John Close, John Brainerd,
Jacob Green.
From Connecticut, Rev. Messrs. Elnathan Whitman. Eliphalet Williams,
Nathaniel Whitaker, Mark Leavenworth, W^arham Williams, Enoch Hunt-
ington, John Smalley, Joseph Bellamy, and Moses Mather.
The Rev. Mr. Elnathan W^hitman was chosen Chairman, and the Rev.
Messrs. Enoch Huntington and John Ewing were chosen Scribes.
The Convention was opened by the Rev. INIr. Eliphalet Williams by a
sermon from Psalm 122: the four last verses.
Ordered that the ]Minutes of the la.st General Convention be read.
A Minute of the General Association was brought in and read, which is
as follows : —
" At a General Association of the pastors of the Consociated Churches in
the Colony of Connecticut convened by delegation at Coventry, June 21,
1768, .
" Whereas some dispute arose in the last General Convention concerning the
admission of members to vote in said Convention ; and whereas we under-
stand that the Rev. Synod of New York and Philadelphia in order to put
an end to that dispute for time to come, did at their last meeting agree that
though any gentlemen who should think proper may ])e freely permitted to
be prescntin Convention, yet none but the Delegates shall be allowed to
vote : this Association heartily concurs with the above limitation, and more-
over give it as our opinion and advice that none but the Delegates shall be
admitted publicly to debate any ease before the Convention, unless partic-
1768.] GENERAL CONVENTION 25
ularly requested so to do. And it is further declared as the opinion and
advice of this body, that it is not expedient for the future, that any of our
Associations delegate more than two members to the General Convention.
" Finally, we think it may be advisable that in a future General Conven-
tion, nothing be an act of said Convention, considered as the voice of the
united body, but what has the major vote of the respective members that
shall be present, both from the Synod and from the Consociated Pastors in
Connecticut."
A letter from the Association of the Western District in the County of
New London, giving reasons for their declining to send delegates, and
moving that an annual correspondence by letters between the Synod of New
York and Philadelphia and the General Association be substituted, instead
of the Annual Convention, was brought in and read. After considering
these affairs the Convention resolved to continue in their present form and
acquiesce in the advices received from the General Association.
Ordered, That the Rev. Messrs. Ewing, Smalley, and Blair be a Com-
mittee to prepare a draught of a letter to the Deputies for managing the
affairs of Dissenters in England, in order to open a correspondence with
them ; and lay it before the Convention to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till 8 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Oct. 6', 1768.
6fh dai/, at 8 o clock A. M., the Convention met. U. P. P. S. Q. S.
Together with the Rev. Mr. Robert Ross, of Stratfield, in Connecticut.
Ordered that the minutes of the last sed't be read.
The Committee appointed last night to prepare a draught of a letter to
the Dissenting Committee in England, brought in one, which, being read
and corrected, was approved, and is as follows : —
Gentlemen,
The pastors of the Consociated Churches of Connecticut have agreed with the
Synod of New York and Philadelphia to meet annually by Delegates in General Con-
vention on tlie most catholic foundation ; to give information of the public state of
our united interests ; to join our counsels and endeavoi-s together for spreading and
preserving the religious liberties of our Churches ; to recommend, cultivate and pre-
serve loyalty and allegiance to the King's Majesty, and to keep up a correspondence
through this united body and with our friends abroad. This we have apprehended to
he our duty, especially in our present circumstances, not only that we might strengthen
our influence in suppressing and discouraging any measures that might be fallen upon
by the people committed to our care ; that would be inconsistent with our character as
peaceable and loyal subjects, or detrimental to the public peace and tranquillity, but
also that we might as faithful otficers in the Church of Christ, watch over her rights
and privileges to endeavor more effectually to prevent any attempts of any other
denomination of Christians to oppress us. The late attempts of the Episcopalian
Missionaries among us to introduce an American Episcopate have given a very
general alarm to our Churches, who fled from the unmerciful rigor and persecution
of Diocesan Bishops in our mother country to settle in an uncultivated wilderness ;
the recollection of the cruelties and hardships which our fathers suflei'ed before this
peaceful retreat was opened for us, fills our minds with an utter abhorrence of every
species of ecclesiastical tyranny and pei-secution. And therefore we would guard with
special care against admitting any just suspicion that we would suffer that to take
place among ourselves which we so much condemn in othei-s. We oppose not, there-
fore, the introduction of Diocesan Bishops into America from any apprehension that
we have any exclusive privilege above others, or from any right we have to endeavor
to prevent them from enjoying the same liberties with any other denomination of
Christians in the Colonies. We oppose the scheme from very different motives and
principles. Our fears would not be so much alarmed could any rational method be
devised for sending over Bishops among us stripped of every degree of civil power,
and confined in the exercise of their ecclesiastical function to their own societies : and
could we have sufficient security that the British Parliament, that could send them
26 MINUTES OF THE [l768.
over to us thus limited, to gain a peaceable settlement here, would never be induced
by their complaints for the want of power to enlarge it at any future period. But it
is very evident it is not that harudess and inoliensive IJislmp which is designed f^)r us,
or the missionaries among us recjuest ; and therefore, we cannot but be apprehensive
of danger from the jjroposed Episcojjate, however jjlausible the scheme may be repre-
sented. We well know the jealousy of the Bishops in England concerning their own
power and dignity, sutTeriug by the example of such a limited Bishop in America,
and we also know the force of a British act of Parliament ; and have reason to dread
the establishment of Bishop's courts among us. Should they claim the rights of hold-
ing these courts, and of exercising the power belonging to their office, l)y the connuon
law of England, [which is esteemed the birth-right of a British subject,] we could
have no counterbalance to this enormous power in our Colonics where we have no
nobility, or proper courts, to check tiie dangerous exerti(ms of their authority ; and
where our governors and judges may be the needy dei)endents of a prime minister,
and therefore afraid to disoblige a person who is sure of being supported by the whole
Bench of Bishops in England; so that our civil liberties appear to us to be in inmii-
nent danger from such an establishment. Besides, nothing seems to have such a
direct tendency to weaken the de[)endence of the Colonies upon Great Britain and to
separate them from her; an event which would be ruinous and destructive to both,
and which we, therefore, pray God long to avert. And we have abundant reason to
believe that such would be the jealousies and uneasiness of all other deuonunations of
Christians among us tiuit we cannot but trendjle at the prospect of the dreadful con-
sequences that could not be prevented from taking jdace upon the establishment of an
American Episcopate. "We have so long tasted the sweets of civil and religious
liberty, that we cannot be easily prevailed upon to submit to a yoke of bondage which
neither we nor our fathers were able to bear.
Besides all this we can assure you that the Episcojjal Provinces of Maryland and
Virginia do not appear to desiie i>ishops among them ; it is only the recjuest of a few
discontented missionaries in the Middle Colonies; the laity of their communion, [a
few high flyers excepted,] dread the power of a Bishop's court as nuich as any other
denomination, and have a high sense of liberty, civil and relif,aous. It, therefore,
appears to us highly mireasonable to gratify these persons in a matter that is evidently
dangerous to the rights and privileges of so many of his Majesty's most dutiful loyal
subjects. These are some of the many reasons which we have for our opposition to
the proposed Episcopate, and the views by which we are actuated in this matter.
We have reason to believe from the best intelligence we can collect, both on your
and our side of the Atlantic, that although the design of sending over Bishops to
America mav be laid aside for the present, yet the Bishops in p:ngland have the matter
much at heart, and are daily watching for a favorsible oi)i)ortunity of carrying it into
execution, which is further "confirmed by the large appi-opriations of land and money
both here and elsewhere, for the sujijiort of them in all their pomp and splendor. It
therefore apjiears to us our duty to be constantly on our guard ; but as our distance
from the throne and Parliament renders us unable to do any thing to prevent it, until
it be too late, we are o>)liged to depend upon the interest and vigilence of our friends
in Great Britain who are engaged in the same common cause with ourselves. Permit
us, therefore, Gentlemen, to recpicst the favour of you to unite your vigilance and
endeavors with ours: and to open and continue a correspondence with us; and to
transmit to us from time to time the earliest intelligence you can get relative to this
or anv other matter which vou mav judge either necessary or advantageous to us ; and
direct vour letters to the Eev. Dr. Allison and Rev. Mr. Ewing in Philadelphia, to
the Rev. Dr. Rodgers and Rev. Mr. Treat in New York, and to the Rev. Mr. M hit-
man and Rev. ^Ir. AVelles in Connecticut.
To the Dissenting Committee.
]\Ir. Kod.irers is roquestcd to transmit a copy of this letter to our Brethren
in lihode Island, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock P. M. Concluded with prayer.
3 o clock P. M., the Convention met according to adjonnimciif, and P. P.
S. Q. S.
The Rev. Messrs. Ross. Welles, Whitman, Smalley, and James Lock-
wood arc appointed a Committee in Connecticut to carry on epistolary
correspondence with our friends in London, with our Brethren in Massa-
chusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, the Presbytery of Boston, etc.;
the Rev. Messrs. Rodgers, Joseph Treat, and Caldwell a similar Com-
1770.] GENERAL CONVENTION 27
mittee in the Province of New York and the Jerseys, and the Rev. Dr.
Allison, with the Rev. Messrs. Treat and Ewing, another Committee in
Pennsylvania for the same purpose.
Adjourned till Thursday, the 14th day of Sept. next, which will be in
the year 1769, to meet at New Haven, Connecticut. Concluded with
prayer.
1769.
New Haven, Connecticut, Sejjt. IJ/., 1769.
The Rev'd General Convention of Delegates from the Consociated
Churches of Connecticut, and from the Synod of New York and Phila-
delphia, met according to adjournment. l/bi post j^reces sed't.
From the Churches in Connecticut, the Rev. Mr. Nathaniel Taylor, the
Rev. Mr. Edward Dorr, the Rev. Mr. Joseph Perry, the Rev. Mr. Samuel
Lockwood, the Rev. Mr. Elijah Lathrop, the Rev. Mr. Jedidiah 3Iills, the
Rev. Mr. Noah Whetmore, the Rev. Mr. Benjamin Woodbridge, the Rev.
Mr. Nicholas Street, the Rev. Mr. Jonathan Ingersol, the Rev. Mr. Samuel
Sherwood.
From the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, the Rev. Mr. Richard
Ti'eat, the Rev. Mr. John Craighead, the Rev. Mr. James Sproat, the Rev.
Mr. William Tennent, the Rev. Dr. Rodgers, the Rev. Mr. James Caldwell,
the Rev. Mr. Solomon Mead.
Dr. Rodgers opened the Convention by a sermon from Acts 11 : 24r.
Mr. Richard Treat was chosen Chairman, and Mr. Dorr and Mr. Caldwell,
Scribes.
Voted, That the Rev. Dr. Rodgers, of New York, and the Rev. Noah
Welles, of Stamford, be standing Registers, appointed by this Convention,
to receive all papers belonging to them, and to transmit to all future Con-
ventions the Minutes of the preceding ones.
On looking over the Minutes of the last Convention, it appears that there
was a letter agreed upon to be sent to the Committee of Dissentdrs in
London, requesting their kind interposition in favour of these Churches,
and this Convention, apprehending their letter has unhappily miscarried,
desire the Rev. Dr. Rodgers to take a copy of the same and sign it as our
Register, and transmit it to the Committee of Dissenters in London accord-
ing to the desire of the last Convention.
Voted, That the Rev. James Sproat be added to the Committee of corres-
pondence in Philadelphia, and the Rev. Dr. Rodgers, and the Rev. Joseph
Treat be a Committee in New York, that the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, and
the Rev. William Tennent be a Committee in New Jersey, and that the
Rev. Messrs. Noah Welles and Moses Mather be a Committee in Connecti-
cut, and that the Committee in Connecticut correspond with the ministers
of Boston and New Hampshire ; the Committee at New York with the
ministers of Rhode Island and South Carolina ; the Committee in New
Jersey with the ministers of Scotland ; and the Committee at Philadelphia
with the ministers in England and Ireland.
Adjourned till the first Wednesday in October, at 11 o'clock, which will
be in the year 1770, to meet at Elizabeth Town in New Jersey.
Concluded with prayer.
1770.
EUzahethtoivn, Oct. 3, 1770.
The Rev. General Convention of Delegates from the Consociated Churches
of Connecticut, and fi-om the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met
according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt. From Connecticut, the
28 MINUTES OF THE [1770.
Rev. Messrs. Nathaniel Taylor, Noah Benedict, Stephen Hawley ; from the
Synod, the Rev. Messrs. John Blair, Charles Beaty, Alexander McWhorter.
James Caldwell, Azariah Horton.
The General Convention was opened with a sermon by the Rev. Mr.
Taylor, from Ezek. -AT : 9-11.
The Rev.d Gent.n from Connecticut produced certificates testifying they
were delegates by their respective Associations to be members of the
General Convention.
The Rev.d Gent.n from the Synod of New York and Philada. through
the neglect of their clerk, on whom they depended for the certificate of
their delegation, could not procure it, but the General Convention received
satisfactory evidence that those whose names have been mentioned were
delegated by the Synod.
Mr. Taylor was chosen Chairman, and Mr. McWhorter and Mr. Hawley
were chosen Scribes. Adjourned till to-morrow morning 9 o'clock. Con-
cluded with prayer.
Oct. 4, 1770.
Oct. 4. Met according to adjournment. P. P. S. Q. S.
The Rev. Mr. Robert Ross and the Rev. Mr. William Tennent. Jun.,
from Connecticut, and the Rev. Mr. John Ewing, Dr. Witherspoon. William
Tennent, Sen'r, the Rev. Mr. Halsey, and the Rev. Mr. Beaty, from the
Synod of New York and Philadelphia, are now come.
Ordered that the Minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Ordered that the Minutes of the last Convention be read.
It was inquired whether Dr. Rodgers had complied with the appointment
of the last General Convention at New Haven : to transmit a letter from
them to the Committee of Dissenters in London. x\nd we are informed
that he complied with the said appointment; and has in answer a letter
from said Committee, signed by Thomas Cotton, Secretary, which was pro-
duced and read, and is as follows,
Eev.d Sir :
" The favor of your letter, signed as Register, in the name and by order of the
Reverend General Convention of Delegates from the Consociated C'lmrches of Con-
necticut, and from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met at New Haven, 14th
September, 1769, did not come to the hands of Jasper Mauduit, Escj. [Chairman of the
Committee for managing civil affairs of the Dissenters] for upwards of nine months,
and he having "summoned a meeting of the said Connnittee they took your letter into
consideration, and have ordered me [who have the honor of being their Secretary]
to accpiaint you that the Committee is fully sensible of the many civil and religious
inconveniences that would arise from the introduction of Diocesan Bishops into
America ; and therefore beg leave to a.ssure you of their most vigilant attention to
oppose and frustrate any such design ; at the same time they have the pleasure of
infonning y^^\\ that they have made the strictest in(|uiries, and are al)le from the very
best authorities to assure you that tiiere is no such design on iooX, at ])resent : and that
they hope government are so sensible of the confusion such a steji would make among
our" American brethren, that however warmly some of our Bishops may wish for it,
and express their desires in their sermons on public occasions, yet the Committee
verily believe they will never be able to accomplish them. But that however as you
and they are engaged in one connnon cause, the defence of civil and religious liberty,
you may depend upon it, that if any attempts are made to revive this design, the Com-
mittee will carefully watch and exert their utmost endeavors to prevent the carrying
it into execution.
I am. Sir, further directed by the Committee to acquaint you that they shall be very
ready and willing to continue a correspondence with you, and from time to time to
transmit to you the earliest intelligence they can get relative to this matter. And if
hereafter you have occasion to conununicate anything to them, you will please to
direct your lettei-s to Jasper Mauduit, Esq., in Hackney near London, or to Mr.
Thomas Cotton, Attorney at Law, in Hackney.
Signed in "the name and by the order of the said Committee,
Thomas Cotton, Secretary.
1770.] GENERAL CONVENTION 29
4th August, 1770.
I have sent letters of the same tenor and date to the Eev. Dr. Allison, and Mr.
Wliiteman.
A letter of same tenor and date from said Committee, was received by
the Committee of the Greneral Convention in Philada.
Mr. Beaty, Mr. Ewing, and Mr. Benedict are appointed a Committee to
prepare an answer to the Committee of Dissenters in London, and bring it
in, in the afternoon. After the General Convention had maturely con-
sidered the expediency of having an agent in London, concluded that it was
useful and important. And it is recommended to all the members of the
General Convention, and in particular to Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Mr.
Welles, Mr. Ewing, Dr. Allison, and Mr. Beaty to endeavor to find out a
proper person in London, for that purpose to propose to the next General
Convention.
The General Convention upon reading the Minutes are informed that the
Committee in Connecticut, viz., Mr. Welles and Mr. Mather have wrote to
the ministers in Boston and New Hampshire, but their answers, if there be
any, are not come to hand.
It being represented to the General Convention, that the design and im-
portance of it are not understood by many ministers at a distance, by
which means, it is not so extensive as it might be, and as is necessary to its
greater usefulness ; wherefore the General Convention request the Rev. Dr.
Witherspoon, as he is now on his journey to the eastward, that he take all
proper opportunities to represent to our Brethren in the Massachusetts
Bay, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island, the utility of the Convention,
and the importance of their uniting with us. And it is ordered that he be
furnished with a copy of the plan of the General Convention by the
Scribes. Mr. Blair, Mr. Ross, Mr. Taylor, and Mr. Caldwell, are appointed
by the General Convention, to wait upon the General Association of Con-
necticut, which is to meet at Reading on the od Tuesday in June next — to
converse with said Association and endeavor to impress upon them the
utility of continuing the General Convention, and the importance of a
punctual attendance upon it. And also Mr. Beaty and Mr. Hawley wait
upon the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, [which is to meet at Phila-
delphia, the third Tuesday of 3Iay next,] for the same purpose. And Dr.
Bellamy and Mr. Trumbull, of North Haven, are requested to join these
gentlemen for the same purpose. Adjourned to 3 o'clock, P. M. Con-
cluded with prayer.
3 o'clock P. M. met according to adjournment. P. P. S. Q. S. Ordered
that the Minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The Committee appointed to prepare an answer to the Committee of
Dissenters in London, accordingly brought in a draught of a letter, which
being read, corrected, and approved, is as follows :
Sir:
Your favors of the 4th of August, 1770, in answer to oui-s of the 14th Sept. 1769,
came safe to the hands of Dr. Allison and Dr. Rodgers, and were laid before the
General Cxjnvention of Delegates from the Consociated Churches of Connecticut, and
from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia. It gives us particular satisfaction to
find you embarked in the same cause with us, and that you are so sensible of the many
inconveniences that would attend the introduction of Diocesan Bishops into America
as to engage your most vigilant attention to oppose and frustrate such a design. It is
no less pleasing to us to be assured from so good authority that such a scheme is laid
aside for the present. Yet we have sufficient reason to believe that the measure is so
desirable to the Bishops in England and the Episcopal clergy with us that they will
lose no oppoilunity of carrying it into execution, and therefore will privately as well
as publicly countenance every measure and improve every advantage that has even a
remote and distant tendency to subjugate the colonies to Episcopal domination, as this
30 MINUTES OF THE [1770.
will easily pave the way for the destruction of our civil liberties. "We have but too
much reason to know "tliat Diocesan liishops with their inferior clergy have always
been the tools of arbitrary power, and ready to fall in with and promote the views of
a minister of state, however delrinieiUal they may be to other denominations of
Christians. In this point of light we view the Society for Projiagating the Gospel in
Foreign Parts, in procuring grants of land vested in them for the purpose of support-
ing the Episcopal clergy in the townships laid out in New Hampshire of late years
although few or no Episcopalians reside in them, and in granting considerable salaries
to missionaries in the most populous parts of our colonies, even where there are faith-
ful ministers of other denominations settled and but a few families of their religious
persuasion, while at the same time they are neglecting to supply great numbers of
their clergy not only in Scotland but even in England. The reason is plain ; the form
of church government is fixed in those places, but here they have hopes by their
bounties to be able to form and tix the government to their own minds, and in time
subject us to Episcopal jurisdiction. Their partiality also appears very flagrant in
neglecting to send missionaries among the poor benighted Indians on our borders,
although their money was partly designed for their relief, and the many distressed
inhabitants on our frontiers who are perishing for want of knowledge, having few to
break the bread of life among them. The peculiar care of the Episcopalians among
ourselves where they have any influence, to fill all the places of power and trust in
our various governments with those of their own denomination, or at least those who
are in their interest, seems to us evidently calculated to promote their grand design,
and therefore fills us with uneasy apprehensions. Upon the whole, these considera-
tions make it evident to us that their views are not so much to promote Christianity
as the establishment of Episcopal church government in the colonies, and therefore
engage our constant watchfulness lest they should take advantage of our being off our
guard to accomplish a design, which, however pleasing to them, will be attended
with the most lamentable consequences to the interests of true religion and liberty
among us.
As we shall always look upon oui-selves greatly obliged by your continued corre-
spondence, please todirect any intelligence or advice you may think proper to trans-
mit to us, to the Rev. Dr. Allison in Philadelphia, Dr. John Rodgei-s in New York,
and Mr. Whiteman in Hartford, Connecticut.
Signed by order of the General Convention
Nathaniel Taylor, Chairman
Elizabethtown, October 3d, 1770.
P. S. We also herewith send you an account of only one instance of Episcopal
oppression in the colony of Georgia, which may show what we are to expect in case
their wished for plan should be carried into execution, and that Mr. Zubly whose con-
gregation has been thus treated, is a gentleman of an established reputation for learn-
ing, prudence and piety. [-See Appendix, No. 2.*]
Ordered, that the letter be transcribed and signed by the Chairman, and
sent to Dr. Rodgers and a duplicate to Dr. Allison, to be transmitted to
Jasper Mauduit, Esq., in Hackney, near London ; or to Mr. Thomas Cotton,
attorney at Law in Hackney. Appointed that Mr. Halsey, Mr. Caldwell,
and Mr. McWhorter, be a Committee, to write to gentlemen in Maryland,
Virginia, Georgia, and the Carolinas, in order that they may obtain all the
instances of Episcopal oppression in said Colonies they can, and prepare
them to be laid before our next General Convention. Mr. Chairman,
Mr. Ross, and Mr. Hubbard are desired to collect the instances of the
lenity of their government with regard to the Episcopal Dissenters therein.
And the Comiuittee in Connecticut, viz., Mr. Welles and Mr. jNLather, are
desired to write to such ministers in the eastern governments, as they may
think proper, to obtain instances of the same nature.
Adjourned till the first Wednesday in Sept., at 10 o'clock, which will be
in the year 1771, to meet at Norwalk. Concluded with prayer.
* This record has not been found in the Appendix to the Minutes.
1771.] GENERAL CONVENTION 31
1771.
Norwalk, Sept. 4, 1771.
The Rev. the General Convention of the Delegates from the several
Associations in Connecticut, and of the Rev. Synod of New York and
Philadelphia, met according to adjournment. Ubi V. P. Sedt. : From the
■ Association of the Western District of Fairfield, the Rev. Mr. Moses
Dickinson and the Rev. Mr. William Tennent ; from the Eastern District
of Fairfield, the Rev. Mr. Robert Ross and the Rev. Mr. Nathaniel Bart-
lett ; from the Association of Litchfield County, the Rev. Mr. Nathaniel
Taylor and the Rev. Judah Champion ; from the North Association of
Hartford County, the Rev. Mr. TheodoVe Hinsdale ; from the Association
of New Haven County, the Rev. Mr. Elizur Goodrich and the Rev. Mr.
Amos Fowler.
From the Synod, the Rev.d Dr. Francis Allison, the Rev. Dr. John
Rodgers, Rev. Mr. Joseph Montgomery, Rev. Mr. John Close, Rev. Mr.
Jedediah Chapman, Rev. Mr. John Woodhull, Rev. Mr. Charles Beaty,
Rev. Mr. James Sproat, Rev. Mr. James Caldwell, Rev. Mr. Solomon
Mead, Rev. Mr. William Mills.
The Convention was opened with a sermon by the Rev. Mr. Joseph
Montgomery, from Ps. 2. (J.
The Rev. Dr. Rodgers was chosen Chairman.
The Rev. 3Iessrs. Caldwell and Champion were chosen Scribes.
Dr. Allison reports, that he had received a letter from Mr. Thomas
Cotton, Secretary to the Committee of Dissenters in London, in answer to
the letter sent by the Convention last year, which is not present, but that
the substance of it was, — that the Committee did not know of any par-
ticular attempts making on their side of the water to introduce an American
Episcopate, at present ; they would however carefully observe the motions
of the friends of that scheme, and they desired us to do the same on this
side, and communicate to them whatever attempts are making here.
The appointment of an agent in London, which was referred from the
last Convention, was now considered, and after mature deliberation it was
unanimously determined for the present not to appoint an agent, but to
continue our correspondence with the Committee of Dissenters as before.
And Dr. Allison and Mr. Dickinson are desired to bring in the draught
of a letter to the said Committee.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, 8 o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
SejJt. 5, 1771.
5th day : 8 o'clock, the Convention met according to adjournment.
P. P. S. Q. S. Also the Rev. Mr. John Brainerd and the Rev. Mr. Jere-
miah Halsey from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia are now come.
Ordered to read the minutes of the last sederunt.
It is now reported to this Convention that Dr. Witherspoon complied
with the appointment of last year in representing to the ministers in
Boston the necessity of extending this Convention, but we are not yet fully
informed what success he met with.
Mr. Ross and Mr. Taylor report that they waited upon the General
Association, agreeable to the appointment of last year, and were favorably
received.
Mr. Beaty also fulfilled his appointment to the Synod, and was also
received in like manner.
Mr. Welles, one of the standing Registers for this Convention is desired
to lay the Minutes of the several meetings of this General Convention
32 MINUTES OF THE [l77l.
before the General Association of this Colony of Connecticut at their next
meeting, and afterward from year to year, if desired.
The Committee appointed last year to collect instances of oppression or
lenity with respect to religious denominations in the several governments,
appear to have taken considerable pains to answer the ends of their
appointment, and related many instances and facts to this purpose. But
as the good intention of the Convention in this affair is not yet completed,
and inasmuch as it would be of great advantage to this Convention, and
the common interest of mankind to be acquainted with the religious con-
stitutions of the several governments on this continent — we do appoint for
that purpose, for the colony of Nova Scotia, the Ilev. Dr. Allison ; for the
colony of New Hampshire, the R*ev. Mr. William Tennent, of Norwalk ;
for the colony of Massachusetts, the Rev. Mr. Noah Welles ; for the colony
of Rhode Island, the Rev. 31r. Robert Ross ; for the colony of Connecticut,
the Rev. Mr. Elizur Goodrich ; for the province of New York, the Rev. Dr.
Rodgers ; for the province of New Jersey, the Rev. Mr. John Erainerd ;
for the pi-ovince of Pennsylvania, the Rev. Mr. James Sproat ; for the
government of New Castle and province of ^laryland, the Rev. ^Ir. Joseph
Montgomery; for the dominion of Virginia, the Rev. ^Ir. James Caldwell^
for the province of North Carolina, the Rev. Mr. Jeremiah llalsey ; for the
province of Georgia, the Rev. Mr. Alexander jNIcWhorter: who are desired
respectively to obtain the Charters, Laws, and Statutes of those Colonies,
and to extract from them whatever respects ecclesiastical affairs ; also the
usages and customs of those Colonies, by which the religious liberties of
any denomination have been, or now are, either enlarged or abridged, and
lay the result of their inquiry before our next Convention.
And the Rev. Mr. John Maltby, of South Carolina, who is present i.s
desired to collect materials agreeable to the above resolution, from the
Charter, Laws, and usages of that province, and transmit the same to Dr.
Allison in Philadelphia, by him to be prepared for, and laid before the next
Convention.
Dr. Allison brought in the draught of a letter to the Committee of Dis-
senters in London, which being read, was approved, and the Chairman is
desired to sign two copies, of which he is to send one and Dr. Allison the
other, to Jasper Mauduit, Esq., near London. The letter is as follows :
Norwalk, in Connecticut, 5 Sept., 1771.
" Sir
We are informed that a letter in answer to ours of the 3d of Oct. 1770, liy favor
of Mr. Cotton, came to Dr. Allison, who entrusted tlie oarc of it to a person wliu lia.s
neglected to lav it before this Convention, and that you therein jjromised to liave a
watchfid care of our liberties, and to fjive us timely notice if attempts were still con-
tinued to establish Diocesan Episcopacy in the Colonies; and as you desired us to give
you the earliest intelligence of any attempts that might be made in the Colonies for
this piu-pose, with thesincerest gratitude we acknowledge your friendship, and beg
leave to inform von that we are still greatly alarmed. The whole Bench of Bishops,
and many bigots with you are constanllytiezed by our missionaries to procure an
American Episcopate.
The late Arch-Bisho]> Seeker, if we remember right, promised that if any province
petitioned for a Bishoj), it would be granted; and great pains liave been taken to
engage the cleryv in Virginia and Maryland to ]ietition for this favour. That some
of tlie clertrv in'Virginia formed petitions for a Bishop, and that four out of twelve
that were cimvened at that time jirotested against the measure, nuist be facts now well
known in London, as the del)ates on this subject among the Kiiiscopal clergv them-
selves run high, and are printed in the public papers in Williamsburgh and riiiladel-
phia;* two of the protestors are professors in the College of William and Mary,t
» Philadelphia Gazette, August 8. 1771.
t These professors were the Rev. Messrs. Gwatkin and Henly. Tliey hotli jirotested
against au American Episcopate in the Ecclesiastical Convention of Virginia in 1771,
1771.]
GENERAL CONVENTION 33
and the house of Burgesses m that colony, nemine contrndlcenfe, publicly voted their
thanks to the protesters for making this seasonable stand for liberty. What the issue
of this affair may be in the province is hard to determine, but we are informed that
Mr. Horrax, a clergyman, is sent to England with these petitions, and the people of
the colony are greatly alarmed lest he be sent back to them as their Bishop.
The petitioning clergy affirm in the course of their public debates with their
brethren, that all opposition among the Dissenters has ceased, and that the people of
New England, of all others are now most anxious to have a BLshop established among
them, than whicli assertion nothing can be more false, unless they mean by the people
of New England, the missionaries and a few of their warm adherents. So far from
this, that from the best information we can collect, the colonies of Massachusetts and
Connecticut have given instructions to their agents to oppose an American Episcopate,
the certainty of which you may easily learn.
A petition was likewise presented by eight of the clergy of Maryland to their
Governor, requesting his interest, both in England and his own colony for establishing an
Episcopate ; and they inform hLs Excellency that they have prepared petitions for the
throne, the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury, Lord Baltimore, and the Bishop of London
for the same purpose. The petition to the Governor is something extraordinary ; a
copy of which we will send you, and copies of the other petitions, if we can procure
them. The Governor refused to admit the petition as an act of the whole clergy of
Maryland, and told them that as an American Episcopate must be attended with many
and very important consequences he would lay it before the House of Representatives,
which greatly mortified them, as they had mentioned that body in it with some dis-
respect. A circular letter was sent by the petitio)iei-s to the other clergy of the prov-
ince to obtain their permission to put their names to the petitions to be sent to Eng-
land, which was obtained from a great number without knowing all that was in the
petitions ; but ten of them laid a remonstrance before the Governor complaining of
this conduct. But notwithstanding that neither the Governor nor Assembly have
given their approbation, it is said the petitions are sent home. From this account you
may clearly see the great industry of these gentlemen, and much more we have reason
to suspect is done by them, in the other provinces, which has not so fully come to our
knowledge ; but from a disagreement among themselves, what we now write you has
become matter of public notoriety. We now stand in need, if ever, of the assistance
of all our friends to use their utmost skill and interest to avert this impending blow
that so surely threatens our civil and religious liberties, and which if not prevented,
must again inflame all our colonies, that have so lately regained the blessings of peace.
We would by no means be understood as if we would endeavor to prevent an
American Bishop or Arch-Bishop or Patriarch, or whatever else they would see fit to
send, provided other denominations could be safe from their severity and encroach-
ments; but this we think impossible: for no act of Parliament can secure us from the
tyranny of their jurisdiction, as an act of Parliament may, and no doubt will be
repealed at the importunate solicitations of the Bishops and othei-s, nor can we have
any security against being obliged, in time, to support their dignity, and to pay taxes
to relieve the Society in paying their missionaries ; and the Governors of our several
colonies must either be submissive in all things to their will and pleasure, or be
harassed and persecuted with continual complaints to all in power on your side of the
water. In a word, we think Ecclesiastics vested with such powers dangerous to our
civil and religious liberties ; and it seems highly probable that it will in time break
that strong connection which now happily subsists between Great Britain and her
colonies, who are never like to shake off their dependence on the mother country
until they have Bishops established among them.
As we shall always acknowledge that we are under the greatest obligations to you
for your friendship in this important afiair, and earnestly desire the continuance of
your correspondence, please direct any intelligence you may think proper to trans-
mit to us, to the Rev. Dr. Francis Allison in Philadelphia, or to the Rev. Dr. John
Rodgers in New York, or to the Rev. Mr. Elnathan Whiteman, Connecticut.
Signed in the name and by order of the General Convention, by
John Rodgers, Chairman.
P. S. — We have with pleasure observed that some of our friends on your side of
the water have made some just remarks, in the London Chronicle, on the Bishop of
and afterwards the former published a pamphlet with the same view, under the follow-
ing title: ' A Letter to the Clergy of New York and Philadelphia, occasioned by an
Address to the Episcopalians in Virginia. By the Rev. Thomas Gwatkin, Professor of
Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in William and Mary College, Williamsburgh,
1772, pp. 28.' — Miller's Memoirs of the Rev. John Rodgers, D. D.
3
34 MINUTES OF THE [177-.
Oxford's .sermon before the Society last February. Tliey liiylily merit tlie thanks
of the American cohinies, and as we esteem oui'selves indebted to your friendship for
this favor we beg you will be pleased to present our thanks to the pereon or pei-sons
that did so much justice to our cause.
To Ja-sper Mauduit, Esq., Chairman of the Dissenting C'onunittee — to be com-
municated."
Adjourned to meet at Elizubetbtown, the hist Wednesday but one in
September, 1772, at 3 o'clock in the afternoon.
Concluded with prayer.
EUzahethtowti,Sept. 23, 1772.
The G-eneral Convention met according to adjournment. II. P. P.,
present from Coniuicticut, tlie Rev. Messrs. Noah Welles, Samuel Clark.
Cotton Mather Smith, Noah Williston, Thomas "\V. Rray, Hezekiah Kipley.
Asahel Hart, Ebenezer Baldwin ; from the Synod of New York and Phila-
delphia, the Kev. Mr. Josei)h Montgomery, Rev. Mr. William Foster, Rev.
Mr. James Sproat, Rev. 3Ir. John Brainerd, Rev. Mr. AVilliam Tennent, Rev.
l)octr. Allison, Rev. Doctr. Witherspoon Rev. 3Ir. John Ewing. Rev. Mr.
Jeremiah Ilalsey. Rev. Doctr. Rodgers, Rev. Mr. Alexander McWhorter,
Rev. Mr. James Caldwell, Rev. Mr. Joseph Treat, Rev. Mr. William jMills,
Rev. Mr. John Close. Mr. Clark opened the Convention with a sermon,
from 2 Cor. 4. 1.
The Rev. Mr. Cotton Mather Smith was chosen Chairman, and ]Mr.
Ewing and Mr. Baldwin were chosen Scribes.
The Rev. Mr. Welles informed the Convention, that agreeable to the
instructions of the last session, he sent to the General Association of the
colony of Connecticut, the Records of this General Convention, which was
well approved by the General Association, who also desired that the pro-
ceedings of this Convention be from year to year laid before them.
Dr. Allison produced the letter from the Deputation of the Dissenters in
England, which was referred to in the Minutes of the last sessions ; which
letter is ordered to be recorded in the Appendix to the Minutes of the Con-
vention. [The letter is as follows:]
Kev. Sir: —
Your favor to our Secretary, IMr. Cotton, dated October lOtli last, he produced
and i-ead to our Committee who refei'red to us to give an answer thereto. AVc V)eg you
will depend upon it that the Connnittee will ever carefully watcli against any attempts
that may be made to intr(i(bice Diocesan IJishops into Ameriia. We are sensible
indeed the Society for rr(>i)agating the (rospel in Foreign Farts and the Episcopal
clergy are very desirous of it, but at the same time, are fully persuaded that adminis-
tration have no such intention at present, and that no steps relating thereto have been
taken by them since our last. If any petition for that jMU-jiose should !)e agitated in
your or in any other of the colonies, we desire you will endeavor to counterw(nk it.
and if such a one should come over here, the Connnittee will be sure to oppose it.
With regard to the atliiir yon desired our thoughts of, as to your having an agent
liere, it is the o)Mnion of tlie Connnittee that a pro])er jierson <]ualilied to be your
agent in the manner s])cciHed in yom- letter, would be wvy ditiicult to lie foimd ; and if
such a one could bo found, would not answer your end, as he would not have the weight
with administration as this Committee wouhl ; for whatever he might at any time say,
they would look u])on him as an agent for the colonies and imder their influence,
whereas no such bias could be imputed to this Connnittee.
We hope you will lest assured that we will always exert ourselves for your benefit,
in defence of your religious liberties:
And are, Kev. Sir,
Your most Innnble servants,
Richard Cooke, Edward Hunt, Jasper Mauduit
Robert Lewin Jas. Bay French Wm. Bowdcn
The Rev. Dr. Allison Thomas Lucas
January 22, 1771.
1772.] GENERAL CONVENTION 35
Dr. Allison laid before the Convention another letter from the Committee
of Deputation of Dissenters in England, in answer to the letter of this
Convention, dated Sept. 5, 1771, to Jasper Mauduit, Esq., which is as
follows :
Eev. Sirs,
Your letter of the 15th of Nov. last, directed to our late worthy Chairman, Jasper
Mauduit, Esq., now deceased, and therein enclosing one from the General Couventiou,
dated 5t]i of Sept. hist, was delivered to our Secretary Mr. Cotton ; who laid it before
our Committee, and they have referred it to us to return you an answer thereto, which
we embrace the first opportunity of doing.
We are not ignorant, and are sorry that you have any reason to be alanned
from the restlessness of the missionaries and their bigoted adherents, but hope you
will depend upon the constant attention of our Committee to your interest to prevent,
as much as in us lies, a Bishop from being sent over to you. And we do verily
believe, that if Mr. Horrax comes over with such a view, he will go over without his
errand, for we can with pleasure inform you, that since the receipt of your last, we
have again made the strictest inquiry, and are able from undoubted authority to assure
you, that though petitions have been presented, yet we do not believe they will meet
with any success ; that however the Bishops and clergy may labor the point, the
persons in power do not seem to be at all for it at present, and we hope never will.
And we must remind you, that in our last we desired you, if you found any petitions
were handed about to be signed, you would send over counter petitions, signed by as
many respectable persons as you could, which we think you should do as soon as possi-
ble, that they may be made use of, if needful. And we beg you would rest assured of
our continued endeavors to oppose the carrying such a design into execution. We
have sent a letter, to the same purport as this, to the Rev. Dr. Kodgers, that they may
be communicated by you or him, to the General Convention. And whenever you are
■disposed to correspond with us, be pleased to direct your letters to our present Chair-
man, Thomas Lucas, Esq., at Gray's Hospital, London.
We are, with great esteem. Rev. Sir, your most obedient servants,
1st March, 1772. Thomas Lucas Wm. Bowden
Jas. Bogle French Robert Maitland
Richard Cooke Benjamin Bond, Jr.
E. Lewin Edward Httnt
Dr. Allison produced extracts from the laws of Nova Scotia, relative to
religious liberty, agreeable to the order of the last Convention.
Mr. Welles also laid before the Convention similar extracts from the laws
of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.
The Scribes with the Rev. Mr. Halsey, are appointed to prepare a draught
of a letter to the Committee of Deputation of the Dissenters in London,
and to bring it in to-morrow morning.
Adjourned to 8 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Sept. 24: 8 o'clock, met according to adjournment; post preces sederunt
■qui supra, except Dr. Witherspoon. The Minutes of the last sederunt were
read. Dr. Rodgers then produced extracts from the laws of New York ;
Mr. Brainerd from the laws of New Jersey ; Mr. Sproat from the laws of
Pennsylvania ; and Mr. Caldwell from the laws of Virginia, respecting
religious liberty, all which were read.
x\s the Convention have not received any extracts from the Charters,
laws, etc., of the province of New Hampshire, the colonies of Rhode Island
and Connecticut, the provinces of North and South Carolina, Maryland and
G-eorgia, the gentlemen appointed for that purpose the last sessions are still
desired to prosecute that business, excepting that by reason of Mr. Tennent's
removal, Mr. Baldwin is appointed for New Hampshire, and by reason of
the death of Mr. Maltby, Mr. Halsey is desired to make extracts for South
Carolina. As it is apprehended that the accounts of the state of religious
liberty in the various colonies, may be made more complete, if longer time
was allowed to the ministers who have drawn them up, it is therefore
36 MINUTES OF THE [l772.
agreed, that they review, and make such alterations and additions as they
shall judge necessary to answer the design of this Convention, and have
them in readiness fur their inspection at their next sessions. And it is par-
ticularly recommended to them, to ascertain the number of the inhabitants
in each of the colonies, with tlie proportion of the Episcopalians to the
Non-Episcopalians.
The draught of a letter to the Committee of Dissenters in England was
read, and after amendments, was approved by the Convention and is as
follows :
Gentlemen : —
Your letter of 1st March last, directed to the Eev. Dr. Francis Allison, [a dupli-
cate of which was also directed to the Rev. Dr. Rodgei-s,] was oomnnmicated by him
to the General Convention, now sitting at P>lizabethtown, New Jersey.
The assiu'ances you give us that the Kiiiscopalians are not likely to succeed for the
present, in their applications for an American Episcopate, aflbrd us great satisfaction.
We shall depend upon the constant attention of your Committee, to prevent as far as
lies in your power, the establisliment of Diocesan Episcopacy among us; and we shall
always acknowledge with gratitude, your zeal for the cause of religious liberty on this
extensive continent. We have abundant reason to believe, that the bigoted P^jusco-
palians on this side the water, have by no means dropt the jn-oject, but will ever be
restless in their attempts to accomplish their purpose, till they either obtain their
design, or repeated disajipointments oljlige them to abandon it : thougli it has not come
to our knowledge, that anything new of this kind has been attempted in America the
year past.
In your last you advise that if any petitions should be handed about to be signed,
we should send over counter petitions, by as many respectable persons as we can,
which you think ought to be done as soon as possible. But the late rejection and mis-
carriage of their petition to the throne, [of which we have lately been assured,]
happily relieves us from the necessity of this measure for the jnesent. We must beg
leave to suggest to you that we cannot but tliink tliat if the numbers of the Non-Episco-
palians in the several colonies on this continent, and their vast superiority to the Epis-
copalians in this resjjcct were better known in (ireat Ihitain, than perha])s they now
are, it might be of very considerable service to the cause of religious liberty among
us. We are sorry that it is not in our power to state this matter accurately at present ;
but we determine as s(jon as possible, to furnish oui-selves with such materials as shall
enable us to do it witli sufficient exactness, which we hope to accomplisli bv our next
Convention, and we shall take care to comnnmicate to you the result of our inquiries;
from which you will easily see what credit is to be given to the magnified accounts the
missionaries frequently send home of the numbers of their adherents.
And we cannot but tiiink it would be greatly advantageous to the common cause,
to hold u}) to the view of the pulilic oui' numliers and importance as often as there
shall be a convenient opportunity.
If the intelligence we propose to send you should be communicated to the public
through the channel of some of your newspapers or magazines, which circulate
farthest through the kingdom, we presume it might give more just ideas of the true
state of thingsOn this continent, that it is jn-obable many at present have.
You have writers of abilities among you, and we cannot doubt their ivadiness to
serve so important a cause as that of religious liberty.
If some of ihem would undertake to lay this matter before the public on your side
of the water, they will merit t)ur gr.iteful acknowledgments, and we sl\all take care to
furnish them with materials that may be depended upon.
Please to direct your letter to "the Kev. Dr. F. Allison, in Philadelphia, or the
Rev. Dr. John Rodgers in New York.
Signed in the name and by order of the General Convention
Cotton Mathek Smith, Chairmfin.
Mr. Welles is desired to obtain intelligence concerning the number of
the Episcopalians and Non-Episcopalians in the province of Nova Scotia.
Adjourned to meet at Fairfield, in Connecticut, on the first Wednesday
in 8ept. 1778, at 11 o'clock in the forenoon.
Concluded with prayer.
1773.] GENERAL CONVENTION 37
1773.
[^Stamford, Sept. i, 1773.']
The General Convention of Delegates from the Rev. Associations in
Connecticut, and from the Rev. Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met
according to the time of adjournment, Sept. 1, 1773, at Stamford it being
found inconvenient to meet at Fairfield, as appointed.
Post preces sederunt, from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia,
the Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, Dr. John Rodgers, Messrs. Elihu Spencer,
Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Benjamin Halt, John Close, Icha-
bod Lewis, Jeremiah Halsey, Samuel Mills. From Connecticut, the Rev.
Messrs. Moses Dickinson, Jonathan Lee, Cotton Mather Smith, Samuel
Lockwood, Robert Robbins, Robert Ross, Nathaniel Bartlett Elizur Good-
rich, William Russel, Joseph Strong, and Noah Welles.
Dr. Witherspoon opened the General Convention with a sermon, from 2
Cor. 4. 1.3.
Dr. Witherspoon was chosen Chairman, and Mr. Russel and Mr. McWhor-
ter, Scribes.
The Registers reported that the proceedings of last year's General Con-
vention at Elizabethtown, were laid before the General Association of Con-
necticut, and before the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, and were
well accepted.
Dr. Rodgers and the two Scribes are appointed a Committee to prepare
a draught of a letter to the Committee of Deputation of Dissenters in
England, to be brought in next sederunt.
Proceeded to inquire of the gentlemen appointed to make extracts from
the Charters, Laws, &c., of the several colonies respecting the state of
religious liberty in them, and finding some progress is made in this matter,
it is ordered that these extracts be laid before the General Convention
to-morrow morning.
Adjourned to 8 o'clock to-morrow morning.
Concluded with prayer.
Sept. 2, 1773.
Sept. 2, 1773 : 8 o'clock A. M. P. P. S. Q. S. Ordered that the Minutes
of the last sederunt be read.
Messrs. James Cogswell and Joseph Huntington, of Connecticut are now
come.
According to the agreement of last year, that the gentlemen who had
made extracts from the Charters, &c., should review them, render them
more complete, and ascertain the proportion of Episcopalians to Non-Epis-
copalians, Dr. Rodgers laid before us extracts from the laws of the province
of New York ; Mr. Goodrich from the laws of Connecticut ; Mr. Welles
from the laws of Massachusetts Bay — and with respect to the number of
Episcopalians in proportion to Non-Episcopalians, Mr. Welles, who was
appointed to this matter in Nova Scotia, has not been able to accomplish it,
and requests that some other gentleman be appointed to this business in his
room : accordingly Mr. Huntington is desired to obtain an account of this
matter, and lay it before the next General Convention.
Mr. Baldwin, who was appointed to make the extracts from the laws of
New Hampshire, has not yet accomplished it, but proposes to do it, and
therefore his appointment is continued, and he is requested to lay his
extracts before our next Convention.
Mr. Ross, who was appointed for Rhode Island, has not yet obtained
proper materials for the history desired, wherefore his appointment is con-
tinued.
38 MINUTES OF THE [l773.
Mr. Sproat and ^Ir. ^lontgomery, who were appointed for the provinces
of Pennsylvania and Maryland, not being here, we are not favored with the
extracts, and their appointments are continued.
Mr. Caldwell s appointment is continued to make additional extracts from
Virginia.
Mr. Halsey, who was appointed for North and South Carolina, has not
yet accomplished it, and his appointment is continued with respect to North
Carolina ; and the llev. Mr. William Tennent of Charlestown, being here
present, is desired to make extracts from the laws of South Carolina, and
give us an history of the progress and state of religious liberty in that
colony, and send them to our next General Convention.
Mr. Brainerd sent extracts which he had made fi'om the laws of the colony
of New Jersey ; and Mr. Spencer is desired to complete that matter accord-
ing to the design of the Convention.
Mr. McWhortcr laid before us extracts from the laws of Georgia.
Dr. Rodgers is re<juested to obtain what information he can respecting
the state of religious liberty in West Florida.
Dr. Witherspoon is desired to obtain like information from Canada.
The several gentlemen who are appointed to this business are desired to
proceed and render the respective extracts and histories as perfect as
possible, to be laid before our next General Convention.
The Committee appointed to bring in a draught of a letter to the Com-
mittee of Deputation of Dissenters in England, brought one in which was
read, corrected, and approved, — and is as follows :
Gentlemen : —
We have not been favored with an answer to our last to you of Sept. 27th, 1772,
from whence we conclude tliat it may probably have miscarried, though it was
followed some time after by a duplicate. We have the firmest confidence in your
friendship and attachment to the cause of religious liberty on this extensive continent,
and that you will carefully watch the motions of its P"pisoo])al adversaries on your
and our side of the water, who we have the greatest reason to think have their grand
object of an American {Episcopate still in view, notwithstanding the discouragements
they have met with respecting its inmiediate accomplishment. They wait only a
favorable opportunity of renewing their attempts, and, if possible effecting their
design, big with the most fatal mischiefs to this growing country.
We are taking all jjossible pains to ascertain tlie nuinl)er of Episcopalians and
their lu-oportion to the Non-Episcopalians of diflerent denominations in the several
colonies, inid liave made some progress in it ; but we find it a work of no small labor
and (lifficuUy to do it with proper precision.
We find "by a paper read before us at our present meeting, that the Episcopalians
in the colony of New York bear the proportion of about one to twenty of its ])resent
inhabitants. By anotlier of the same kind respecting the colony of Connecticut it
appears they do not bear a greater proportion ; and in the provinces of New Jei-sey
and Pennsylvania their proi)ortionable numbers are less ; and in the IMassachusetts
govei-nment, Rliode Island, and province of New Hampshire, they are nnich less
still; and in the Soutliern colonies wliere Episcopacy is establislicd, viz. : Maryland,
Virginia, North and South Carolina and (Jeorgia, the Non-E]nscopalians are in some
of them a majority, and in the rest a large and growing jirojjortion.
We are jmrsuing tliis important design, and promise ourselves the pleasure of
effecting it witli a greater degree of accuracy before our next meeting, where you
may expect to hear farther from us on this subject.
'We beg leave also to inform you that we are collecting the state of religious
liberty in the several colonies on this continent, and its progress in each of them from
their "fiifst settlement, which may be capable of imj)ortant uses in the grand struggle
we or jiosterity may be called to make in this glorious cause, in which the happiness
of thousands yet unborn is so dee{)ly interested.
Your known zeal against the unjust encroacliments of Episcopal domination,
supersedes the necessity of our repeating our rerpiests that you will continue your
wonted care on this head.
A line from you will be esteemed an additional favor; and winch be pleased to
1774.] GENERAL CONVENTION 39
direct to the Rev. Dr. Allison in Philadelphia, or the Kev. Dr. Rodgei-s in New
York. . ^
Signed in the name and by order of the General Convention, by
John Witherspoon, Chairman,
The next meeting of the General Convention is appointed to be at
Elizabethtown, the third Wednesday of September, 1774, at 3 o'clock, P. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1774.
[Elizdbethfoicn., Sept. 21, 1774.']
The General Convention of the delegates from the Consociated Churches
in Connecticut, and from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met at
Elizabethtown, Sept. 21, 1774, as appointed P. P. S.
From Connecticut the Rev. Messrs. Ebenezer Baldwin, Thomas Weld
Bray, Samuel Eells, Nathaniel Taylor, Jeremiah Day, Samuel Sherwood,
William Mackey Tennent, Theodore Hinsdale. From the Synod of New
York and Philadelphia, Rev. Drs. Francis Allison & John Rodgers, Rev.
Messrs. William Tennent, James Sproat, Israel Read, Benjamin Hait,
Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Jedediah Chap-
man, Joseph Montgomery, Patrick Allison.
The General Convention was opened by Mr. Ebenezer Baldwin, with a
sermon from Matt. 23.8.
The Rev. Mr. Sherwood was chosen Chairman, and Mr. Day and Mr.
Allison were chosen Scribes.
Ordered that the Minutes of the last Convention be read. The_ pro-
ceedings of the last Convention were laid before the General Association
and Synod, and were well accepted.
Adjourned till 8 o'clock to-morrow morning.
Concluded with prayer.
Sept. 22, 1774.
Thursday, 8 o'clock A. M.
The Convention met according to adjournment. P. P. S. Q. S., except
Mr. Hait. Ordered that the Minutes of the last session be read.
The Convention proceeded to review the appointments made last year to
obtain the knowledge of religious liberty in the several American colonies,
and received some satisfactory reports in consequence thereof, particularly
from Mr. Huntington, respecting Nova Scotia, and Mr. Welles, respecting
Massachusetts Bay, whose diligence and accurate investigation are highly
commendable. Mr. Baldwin is requested to pursue his inquiries relating
to the province of New Hampshire. And Mr. Halsey is desired to write
Mr. McClintock, soliciting his endeavors to furnish and obtain full inform-
ation on the same subject, and transmit it to the next Convention. The
respective appointments of Mr. Ross and Mr. Sproat are renewed. Mr.
Montgomery reports that he has made some progress in collecting materials
concerning the rise and progress of religious liberty, and ascertaining the
proportion of dissenters to the members of the established Church in
Maryland. His appointment is continued, only Mr. Allison is desired to
fix the proportion between the classes of people on the western shore of
that province. Mr. Caldwell's appointment is continued. Mr. Halsey
delivered a valuable detail concerning the first settlement of North Carolina,
and of the ecclesiastical circumstances of the province, in its different
periods until this time. Messrs. Caldwell and Allison are requested to
write to such acquaintance as they may judge proper in the maritime
counties of North Carolina, for a more accurate account of the condition
of those counties according to the view of the Convention. Dr. Rodgers
is desired to write Mr. Tennent of Charlestown concerning the business
4U MINUTES OF THE [l775.
comniitted to him, and quickening bis performance of it. The Doctor is
further to beg Mr. Tennent will address some capable persons in Georgia,
to acquaint him concerning the state of that province, and transmit the
result of his inquiries to us. Dr. Rodgers reports that from certain inform-
ation, it appeal's there is yet no ecclesiastical constitution fixed there, nor
any laws enacted affecting religious liberty in West Florida.
The gentlemen appointed last year to furnish materials respecting the
Jerseys having made no report to the Convention, Mr. McWhorter is
desired to undertake and accomplish the matter.
Dr. Kodgers reports that he has been pro.secuting his investigations
relating to the province of New York, and expects to have them completed
for the inspection of the next Convention.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
The Convention met at o o'clock, P. M., according to adjournment.
U. P. P. S. Q. S. Ordered that the Minutes of the last session be read.
Mr. Goodrich having complied in part with his appointment, it is continued,
and Mr. Bray is desired to inform him, that the Convention hope he will
be able to finish the business committed to him before the next meeting.
Dr. Kodgers brought in a paper handed to him by a friend, containing an
abstract of the ecclesiastical laws of Barbadoes with some remarks thereon.
It is agreed that a particular history of the several Colleges on the con-
tinent, should accompany the accounts drawn up respecting the provinces
in which those institutions are erected.
The Convention having received no answer from the Committee of Dis-
senters in England, to the letters sent there the two preceding years, it is
judged inexpedient to write them at this time.
Adjourned to meet at Greenfield, in Connecticut, on the first "Wednesday
in Sept. 1775.
Concluded with prayer.
1775.
[GreenJielJ, Sept. 0, 1775.1
The Convention of delegates from the Consociated Churches of Connec-
ticut, and the Synod of New York and Philadeliihia. met at Greenfield.
in Connecticut, Sept. G, 1775, according to adjournment Present.
From the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, Kev. ^lessrs. Samuel
Mills, Ichabod Lewis.
From Connecticut, Rev. Dr. Welles, Messrs. William IMackey Tennent,
Samuel Lockwood, Daniel Brinsniade, Joseph Huntington, Joseph Strong,
Robert Ross, Theodore Hinsdale, Ebenezer i3aldwin.
The Convention was opened by the Rev. Mr. Lockwood, with a sermon
from Jer. 13.16.
The Rev. Mr. Mills was chosen Chairman, and Messrs. Baldwin and
Lewis, Scribes.
The session was opened with prayer by the Chairman.
The Minutes of the last Convention were ordered to be read.
The Convention proceeded to make inquiry concerning the appointments
made and continued, the last Convention, to gain information respecting the
progress and present state of religious liberty in the several colonies.
A full and accurate account respecting the colony of Connecticut was
received from the Rev. Mr. Goodrich ; also an account of the numbers of
Episcopalians and Non-Episcopalians in that colony, sufficiently exact to.
answer the purposes of this Convention. The body are well pleased with.
1775.] GENERAL CONVENTION 41
and thankfully notice the accuracy and diligence of Mr. Goodrich in this
matter : however, if Mr. Goodrich should ever be able to complete his
account of the numbers for the remaining towns, with the same accuracy
he has those of which he has sent a particular account, it is desired he
■would send them to be added to the amount already received.
Adjourned to 8 o'clock to-morrow morning, to meet at Mr. Tennent's.
Concluded with prayer.
Sept. 7, 1775.
Sept. 7 : met according to adjournment. U. P. P. S. Q. S. The Minutes
of the last session were read. The appointment of Mr. Halsey and Mr.
Baldwin for the province of New Hampshire is continued, and Mr. Hunt-
ington is joined with them.
Mr. Ross acquainted this body that he had applied to Dr. Stiles, of New-
port, for materials respecting Rhode Island — that he had received intelli-
gence from the Doctor, that he had made considerable progress in his col-
lection, but by reason of sickness and other difficulties, had been unable to
complete it.
Mr. Ross' appointment is continued, and he is desired to acquaint Dr.
Stiles, that this body thankfully notice his assiduity in this matter, and
desire he would perfect as soon as he conveniently can, the collection he has
begun. Mr. Sproat's appointment for Pennsylvania is continued, and Dr.
Duffield is joined with him.
Whereas no returns have been made from the Rev. Messrs. Montgomery,
Caldwell, Allison, Rodgers and McWhorter, their respective appointments
are continued ; and they are desired to render their accounts as complete as
possible by the next Convention. The Rev. Dr. Welles is desired to
acquaint the above mentioned gentlemen, who are absent, of the continu-
ance of their appointments, also by reason of the critical situation New
York is in at present, to request of Dr. Rodgers, that he would transmit to
Dr. Welles the several papers in his hands belonging to this Convention.
The Convention are of opinion that it would be conducive to their general
design, to obtain, in addition to their history of the rise and progress of
religious liberty in the several colonies, accounts of the rise, progress and pres-
ent state of the several religious sects in the different provinces and colonies.
Accordingly the Rev. Dr. AVelles is appointed to furnish such an account
of the Episcopalians in New England ; the Rev. Mr. Huntington of the Sepa-
ratists and Separate Baptists also, so far as their histories are connected
together ; the Rev. Mr. Ross of the Baptists through the several colonies ;
Mr. Baldwin of the Glassites or Sandemanians ; the Rev. Mr. Johnson of
Lyme, of the Rogereens ; the Rev. Mr. Hinsdale of the Quakers in New
England ; the Rev. Mr. Halsey of the Quakers to the southward of New
England ; the Rev. Mr. Duffield of the Moravians ; the Rev. Mr. Cooper
of "the Menists or Menonists ; the Rev. Mr. Robert Smith, of Pequea, of
the Mountainmen, Covenanters and Seceders ; the Rev. Dr. Rodgers of the
Jews. Appointments for the other sects are deferred to the next Convention.
The Chairman is desired to notify the several gentlemen above mentioned,
who are not present, of their appointments.
The gentlemen appointed to furnish accounts of the rise, &c., of religious
liberty in the several colonies, are desired to add to their accounts the state
of the several Colleges or seminaries of learning, in the respective colonies,
as in the Minutes of the last Convention.
The next meeting of the General Convention is appointed to be at
Elizabethtown, on Wednesday, the 19th of Sept., 1776.
Concluded with prayer.
Note.— See for the termination of the Convention, pp. 14, 16.
42
MINUTES OF THE
[1774.
RELIGIOUS EXHIBIT OF THE POPULATION OF
CONNECTICUT IN 1774.
BY REV. ELIZUR GOODKICII, D. D.
An Account of the number of Inhabitants in the Colony of Connecticut,
Jan. 1, 1774; and an Estimate of the Proportion of Episcopalians to Non-
Episcopalians in the same.
County of Hartford.
Towns.
Bolton,
C'luitliam,
East Iladdam,
EnJiekl,
Farniintjton,
GlastenV)ury,
Haddani,
Hartford,
Simsbury,
Soniers,
Suffield,
Tolland,
Wcthersfield,
Willington,
Colchester,
East Windsor,
Hebron,
Middletown,
Stafford,
Windsor,
Epis.
80
88
244
23
111
914
Non-Epis.
994
2289
265.5
1353
5719
1992
1G90
4770
2757
1024
1980
1242
3341
1000
Total.
994
2369
2743
1353
5963
1992
1713
4881
3671
1024
1980
1247
3347
1000
3057
2961
2285
4680
1333
2082
1 to 22
Total
1471
32806
50675
CoUNT-i
' OF New
Haven.
Towns.
Epis.
Non-Epis.
Total.
New Haven,
942
7080
8022
Bi-anford,
8()
1852
1938
Derby,
725
1094
1819
Durham,
6
1025
1031
Guilford,
213
2633
2846
Mil ford.
153
1812
1965
Wallingford,
626
41.51
4777
Waterbury,
Total
2751
3498
lto7
19647
25896
County
OF New
London.
Towns.
Epis.
Non-Epis.
Total.
Preston,
221
2034
2255
Ciroton,
222
3266
3488
Killinfiworth,
"68
1889
1957
Stoninjiton,
32
4924
4956
Saybrook,
33
2595
2628
New London,
5366
Norwich,
7032
Lvnie,
3860
1 to 25
Total
596
14708
1774.]
GENERAL CONVENTION
County of Fairfield.
43
Towns.
Epis.
Non-Epis.
Total.
Danbury,
420
2053
2473
Greenwich,
443
2211
2654
New Fairfield,
87
1201
1288
Newtown,
1084
1084
2168
Norwalk,
792
8451
4243
Redding,
478
711
1189
Ridgetield,
829
1844
1678
Stamford,
710
2793
8503
Fairfield,
4544
Stratford,
Total 4343
5201
10 to 34
14848
28936
County of
Windham.
Towns.
Epis.
Non-Epis.
Total.
Coventry,
11
2021
2082
Pomfret,
55
2186
2241
Killingly,
30
8409
8439
Lebanon,
36
8806
8841
Mansfield,
12
2481
2443
Plaintield,
1479
1479
Volnntown,
6
1470
1476
Union,
512
512
Canterbury,
2392
Ashford,
2228
Windham,
8487
Woodstock,
1974
1 to 115
Total 150
17313
27494
County of Litchfield.
Towns.
Epis.
Non-Epis.
Total.
Litchfield,
191
1318
1509
Canaan,
91
1482
1573
Cornwall,
53
904
957
Hartland,
49
451
500
New Hartford,
25
960
985
Norfolk,
88
928
966
Salisbury,
91
1845 -
1936
Sharon,
83
1903
1986
Torrington,
31
812
843
Barkhamsted,
250
Colebrook,
150
Goshen,
1098
Harwinton,
1015
Kent,
1922
New Milford,
2742
Westmoreland,
1922
Winchester,
327
Woodbury,
5224
1 to 16 Total 655
10600
25944
As far as the accounts have been sent, the estimate of Episcopalians, &c.,
stands thus :
Counties.
Epis.
Non-Epis.
Total.
Hartford County
1471
32806
50675
New Haven do
27.51
19647
25896
New London do
596
14708
31542
Fairfield do
4343
14848
28936
Windham do
L50
17313
27494
Litchfield do
655
10-542
25944
Total
9966
119922
190487
44 MINUTES OF THE GENERAL CONVENTION [1774.
whicli gives 1 Episcopalian to 12 Non-Episcopalians nearly, or makes the
Episcopalians about 1 in 13 of the whole number of inhabitants ; and
probably there would be no great difference from this proportion were the
account of all the towns come in, which I hope soon to gain.
Elizur Goodrich
Durham, Sept. 5, A. D. 1774
INDEX.
ADAMS, John, 6.
Alison, Eev. Francis, D.D., 8, 10, 12, 13, 14,
17, 21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33,
34, 35, 36, 38, 39.
letter of, 20.
Alison, Eev. Patrick, 10, 13, 17, 21, 39.
Allen, Mr. William, 21.
"Annual Register," the, 21.
Attendance urged, 15.
Avery, Dr., of London, England, 24.
BACON, Eev. John, 13.
Baldwin, Eev. Ebenezer, 16, 34, 35, 39, 40,
41.
Ball, Eev. Eliphalet, 12, 21.
Baltimore, Lord, 33.
Baptists, 5, 21, 41.
Barbadoes, 40.
Bartlett, Eev. Nathaniel, 21, 31, 37.
Beattv, Eev. Charles, 12, 13, 17, 18, 28, 31.
Bellamv. Rev. Joseph, D.D., 17, 18, 24, 29.
Benedict, Eev. Noah, 28.
Bishops, American, 5, 6, 23, 24, 28, 32, 38.
agents to oppose, 33.
dread of, B, 38.
and parliament, 6, 26, 33.
petitions and efforts for, 19, 20, 21, 23.
26, 28, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36.
powers, 6, 19, 21.
as superintendents, not objected to, 5,
19, 20.
Bishops' courts, 19, 20, 26.
rights and powers, 21.
Blair, Eev. John, 10, 12, 13, 17, 24, 25, 28.
Boardmau, Eev. Benjamin, 17.
Bond, Benjamin, Jr., 35.
Boston, Convention at. Resolves, 22.
letter from convention in, 23.
ministers in, 31.
Presbytery of, 21, 26.
Bowden. William, 34, 35.
Brainerd, Eev. John, 12, 13, 14, 17, 24, 31,
32, 34.
Bray, Eev. Thomas W., 34, 39.
Brinsmade, Eev. Daniel, 40.
Buel, Eev. Samuel, 10, 12, 13, 17, 21.
CALDWELL, Eev. .Tames, 12, 13, 14, 24, 27,
28, 31, 32, 34, 37, 39.
Calvinists, 7.
Canada, 38.
Canterbury, Archbishop of, 20, 21, 33.
Carmichael, Eev. John, 13, 14, 17.
Carolinas, the, correspondence with, 30.
Case, Eev. Wheeler, 12, 13, 14, 24.
Chairman, 17, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31, 34, 37, 39,
40.
Champion, Eev. Judah, 31.
Chandler, Dr. Samuel, 20, 21.
Chapel Hall, New Haven, 11.
Chapman, Eev. Jedediah, 13, 14, 17, 21, 31,
39.
Chesuut, Eev. Benjamin, 14.
Church and State, 6, 7, 33.
Civil magistrate, power of, 7.
Close, Eev. John, 12, 13, 14, 16, 24, 31, 34,
37.
Cogswell, Eev. James, 21, 37.
Colleges, history of, 40.
statistics, 41.
Colonial dependence, 26, 33.
independence, 23.
Colonies, Middle, 6, 26,
New England, 6.
separation of, 26, 33, 38.
Southern, 6.
See, also, under Connecticut, etc.
Commissions, absence of, 28.
Committee, Dissenters, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27,
28, 29, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38.
Constitutions, reports, 39, 41,
information, 31, 35, 37.
statistics, 35, 39.
Congregational churches, 12, 17, 18.
Congregationalists, organization, 8.
Connecticut, colony of, 5, 23, 24, 27, 35.
associated churches of, 18, 24.
associated pastors of, 21.
Committee of Correspondence, 29, 30.
Committee on Constitution, 32, 37.
consociated churches of, Proceedinqs, 10,
12, 17, 18, 25, 27, 39, 40.
General Association of, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10,
11. 14, 15, 37.
laws, religious, 6.
religious exhibit, 40, 42-44.
Consociated churches. See Connecticut.
Continental Congress, 8, 23.
Cooke, Eichard, 34, 35.
Cooper, Eev. Eobert, 12, 16, 41.
Cornbury, Lord, 7.
Correspondence, proposed, 10, 12, 18, 25.
Committees, 23, 26, 27, 30.
Cotton, Thomas, 28, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35.
Courts, Bishops'. See Bishops.
Covenanters, 41.
Coventry, Conn., 24.
Craighead, Eev. John, 13, 27.
DAGGETT, Eev. Naphtali, 23.
Davenport, Eev. John, 14.
Davison, Eev. Eobert, 14.
Day, Eev. Jeremiah. 39.
Declaration of Independence, 6, 8.
Delegates, 10, 12, 13, etc.
instructions to, 10, 12, 16.
45
46
INDEX.
Delegates only to vote, 24.
Denominations, histories of, 41.
Devotion, Kev. Ebenezer, 21, 22,
Devotion, Kev. John, 21.
Dickinson, Kev. Moses, 15, 31, 37.
Diocesan Bishops. See Bishops.
Dissenters, 20, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31,
.32, 34, 35, 36, 38.
Dorr, Kev. Edward, 21, 22, 23, 27.
Dubert, Dennis, Esq., 23.
Duffield, Rev. George, 12, 13, 14, 41.
Duuimer, Gov. (Mass.), 24.
Durham, Conn., 6.
Dutch Keformed Churches, IS, 19.
EDWARDS, Rev. Jonathan, 9.
Eells, Kev. Nathaniel, 21, 23.
Eells, Rev. Samuel, 39.
EJizabethtown, N. J., 5, 11. 12, 13, 14, 16,
17, 22, 23, 27, 34, 36, 38, 41.
Elmer, Rev. Jonathan, 17.
England, Church of, 16.
ministers in, 27.
Episcopal clergy, dissenters, 30.
government, 30.
oppression, 30.
petitions, 19, 20, 21, 23, 26, 28, 31, 32,
34, 35, 36.
Episcopalians, 5, 38, 42.
in New England, 41, 42.
Episcopate, American. See Bisho2)S.
Establishments, Church, 7, 26, 30.
Ewiug, Rev. John, 10, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23,
24, 25, 26, 28, 34.
FAIRFIELD, Conn., 36, 37.
Eastern and Western Districts, 31.
Farrand, Rev. Daniel, 21.
Field, David D., 6.
Finlev, Rev. James, 12.
Fish, Rev. Joseph, 21, 23.
Forster, Rev. William, 13, 34.
Fowler, Rev. Amos, 31.
French, James B., 34, 35.
GENERAL ASSEMBLY, Presbyterian
Church. 9.
General Association. See Connecticut.
General Convention, 5, 6, 10, 13, 14, 17, 21,
24, 27, 29, 31, 34, 36, 37, 39, 40.
appointment of, 5.
basis of representation, 25.
churches, 5.
circular letter, 18.
correspondence, 18, 19, 23.
extension of, 31.
members, 8.
minutes, 5, 6, 12, 13, 18, seq.
■objects, 5, 18.
places of meeting, 5.
plan, copy of, 29.
powers, 18.
proposed letter, 19,
reports, sub-committees, 5.
representatives to various Associations,
29.
"General Svnod Presbvterian Church. Pro-
ceedings, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12, 15, 17, 21,
24, 25", 27, 29, 31, 34, 37, 39, 40.
overture, 5, 10.
pastoral letter, 8.
Cteorge I., 24.
Georgia, province of, Committee on Laws,
32, 35, 38.
correspondence, 30, 40.
Episcopal oppression, 30.
statistics, 40.
Glassites, history of, 41.
Gold, Rev. Hezekiah, 21.
Goodrich, Rev. Elizur, D.D., 6,7, 17, 31, 32,
37, 44.
Gospel, spread of, 9, 18.
Graham, Rev. Chauncey, 12, 21.
Great Britain, importance of colonies to,
20, 26.
Green, Rev. Enoch, 17.
Green, Rev. Jacob, 12, 14, 24.
Greenfield, Conn., 5, 14, 40.
Greenwich, Conn., 40.
Guild, Rev. John. 17.
Guilford, Conn., 5, 11.
Gwatkin, Rev. Prof. Thomas, 32, 33.
HACKNEY, England, 28.
Halt, Rev. Benjamin, 12, 13, 14, 17, 21, 23,
37, 39.
Halsey, Rev. Jeremiah, 13, 14, 28, 31, 32,
34, 35, 37, 39, 41.
Hampton, Rev. John, 7.
Hart, Rev. Asahel, 34.
Hartford County North Association, 9, 31.
Hartford Theological Seminary, 6.
Hawley, Kev. Stephen, 28.
Heathen on our borders, 10.
Henley, Prof, 32.
Hinsdale, Rev. Theodore, 31, 39, 40, 41.
Hobart, Rev. Noah, 23.
Horrax, Rev. Mr., 16, 33, 35.
Horton, Rev. Azariah, 13, 17, 28.
Hubbard, Rev. Mr., 30.
Hunt, Edward, 34, 35.
Hunt, Rev. James, 12, 1.3.
Hunter, Rev. Andrew, 12, 14, 24.
Huntington, Rev. Enoch, 21, 24.
Huntington, Joseph, 37, 40, 41.
INDEPENDENCE, Declaration of, 6, 8.
of colonies, 26, 33, 38.
Indians, missionaries to, 30.
Ingersoll, Rev. Jonathan, 27.
Ireland, ministers in, 27.
Irwin, Rev. Nathaniel, 14.
JAMAICA, L. I.. N. Y., 11.
Jerseys, the, 26.
Jews, the, 41.
Johnson, Rev. Mr., of Lvme, Mass., 41.
Jones, Rev. Timothy, 10, 12, 13, 17, 24.
KENT, Rev. Elisha, 10, 12.
Kerr, Rev. Jacob, 12, 13.
King, loyalty to, 18, 20, 21.
King, Rev. John, 13.
Kirkpatrick, Rev. William, 12, 21, 24.
LAND grants in New Hampshire, 30.
Lathrop, Rev. Elijah, 27.
Laud, Archbishop, 19, 20.
Laws, religious colonial, 5, 6. See, also,
under names of Colonics.
Leavenworth, Rev. Mark, 24
Lee. Rev. .Tonathan, 37.
Letters of Convention, 10, 11, 15, 18, 19,
20, 23, 25, 28, 29, 31, 32. 34, 35, 36, 38.
INDEX.
47
Lewia, Robert, 34, 35.
Lewis, Eev. Ichabod, 13, 14, 37, 40.
Lewis, Eev. Thomas, 12, 13, 14, 21, 24.
Liberty. See ReUgio^is liberty.
Liberty bell, the, 7.
Litchfield Co., Association of, 31.
Lockwood, Eev. James, 21, 23.
Lockwood, Eev. Samuel, 15, 16, 27, 37, 40.
Loudon, agent in, 29, 31, 34.
Bishop of, 33.
dissenting committee See Dissenters.
" London Chronicle," 33.
Loyalty. See King.
Lucas, Thomas, Esq., 34, 35.
McCLINTOCK, Mr., 39.
McGregorv, Eev. David, 21, 22, 23.
McWhorter, Eev. Alexander, 12, 13, 14, 17,
18, 21, 22, 23, 28, 32, 34, 37, 39.
Maitland, Eobert, 35.
Majority vote, 25.
Makemie, Eev. Francis, 7.
Maltby, Eev. John, 32, 35.
Marriage licenses, 21.
Maryland, province of, 26, 35.
clergy in, 32.
committee on constitution, 32, 38.
correspondence, 30.
House of Eepresentatives, 33.
petition to Governor of, 33.
western shore, 39:
Massachusetts, committee on laws, etc., 32,
35, 37.
convention of the, 22, 23, 24.
correspondence, 18, 22, 23, 24, 26.
Mather, Eev. Moses, 24, 27.
Mauduit, Jasper, Esq., 28, 30, 32, 34, 35.
Mayhew, Dr., 20.
Mead, Eev. Solomon, 12, 13, 21, 24, 27, 31.
Members, admission of, 15, 24.
Menonists, 41.
Middletown, Conn., 15.
Miller, Rev. John, 12, 13, 14.
" Miller's Memoirs of Rodgers," 33.
Mills, Eev. Jedediah, 27.
Mills, Eev. Samuel, 13, 14, 37, 40.
Mills, Eev. William, 12, 13, 14, 17, 24, 31,
34.
Mitre, 21.
Montgomery, Eev. Joseph, 12, 13, 14, 24,
31, 32, 34, 39.
Moravians, 41.
Morse's Annals, 6.
Mountainmen, 41.
NEW CASTLE, government, committee on
laws, etc., 32.
Newell, Eev. Samuel, 17, 18.
New Hampshire, Association in, 22.
New Hampshire, province, 18, 23, 26, 35.
committee on laws, 32, 37.
correspondence, 18, 23, 26, 29, 35.
land grants, 30.
New Haven, Conn., 5, 12, 13, 15, 18, 27.
convention at, 24.
New Haven Co., Association. 19, 20, 31.
New Jersey, province of, committee on
laws, 32, 35, 38, 40.
committee on statistics, 40.
correspondence, etc., 18, 21, 23, 27.
Governor of, 21.
New London County, Associations, 18, 25.
New York City, 10, 11.
New York, province, committee on laws,
etc., 32, 35, 37.
correspondence, etc., 18, 21, 23, 26, 27.
North Carolina, province, committee on
laws, etc., 32, 35, 38.
maritime counties, 39.
North Haven, 29.
Norwalk, Conn., 5, 13, 15, 30, 31.
Notaries, 21.
Nova Scotia, province, committee on laws,
etc., 32, 35.
statistics, 37.
OXFORD, Bishop of, sermon, 34.
PARLIAMENT, British, 6, 20, 21, 23, 26.
Parsons, Eev. Jonathan, 21, 22, 23.
Pennsylvania, commonwealth, correspond-
ence, etc., 7, 18, 23, 27.
province, committee on laws, 32, 35,
38.
Perry, Eev. Joseph, 27.
Philadelphia, 27, 29.
" Philadelphia Gazette," 32.
Pitkin, Eev. Timothy, 21.
Pomroy, Benjamin, 21.
Prayer, closing, 17, 23, 27, 30, seq.
opening, 17, 21, 24, 27, 31, seq.
Presbyterian Board of Publication, 9. '
Presbyterian Church, colonial, 5, 7, 8, 17.
pastoral letter, 1775, 8.
religious lil)erty, 7.
Presbyterian churches in New England,
18.
Princeton College, 8, 9.
Propagating the Gospel, Society for, 30,
34.
Provost, Dr. Samuel, 20.
QUAKERS, 20, 21, 41.
RAMSEY, Eev. William, 12, 21.
Eead, Eev, Israel, 12, 14, 17, 39.
Eeadiug, Conn., 29.
Eeligion, establishments of, 7, 2*3, 30.
Religious constitutions, laws, statutes,
charters. See Connecticut, etc.
Religious liberty, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 23, 26, 28,
.30, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38.
and Presbyterian Church, 7.
Religious oppression, 30, 32.
Revolutionary War, 5, 6.
Rhode Island, colony, associate pastors of,
22.
committee on laws, etc., 32, 35, 37.
correspondence, etc., 18, 23, 26, 35.
ministers in. 29.
Rice, Rev. Willard M., D.D., 6.
Ripley, Eev. Hezekiah, 34.
Bobbins, Eev. Philemon, 21.
Bobbins, Eev. Eobert, 37.
Eodgers, Eev. John, D.D., 8, 10-15, 17, 21,
23, 24, 26, 27, 30-34, 3(]-39, 41.
memoirs. 33.
Roe, Eev. Azel, 13, 17, 21.
Rogereens, 41.
Rose, David, 14.
Ross, Rev. Robert, 15, 17, 21, 25, 28, 30, 31,
32, 37, 40, 41.
Ruggles, Rev. Thomas, 11, 15.
Russell, Rev. William, 21, 37.
48
INDEX.
SANDEMANIANS. See Glassites.
"Saybrook Platfonu," 8, 9.
Scotland, Churcli of, reference, 9.
correspoiuleuce, 27.
episcoiial clergv. 30.
Scrihe.s, 17, S^, 24, 27, 28, 31, seq.
Seceders, 41.
Seeker, Arclibislioj), 32.
Sermon, opening, 12, 16, 22, 27, seq.
ordered printed, 22.
thanks for, 22.
Separatists, 41.
Sewall, Joseph. 24.
Sherwood, Eev. Samuel, 27, 39.
Smalley, Rev. John, 24, 25.
Small-pox, 11.
Smith, Eev. Cotton Mather, 16, 34, 36,
37.
Smith, Rev. John, 10.
Smith, Rev. Robert, 12, 24, 41.
Smith, Samuel (London), 23.
Smith, William, 20, 21.
South Carolina, province, committee on
laws, 32, 35, 38.
ministers in, 27.
Speakers, 24.
Spencer, Rev. Elihu, 10, 12, 13, 14, 37.
Sproat, Rev. James, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 22,
27, 31, 32, 34, 39.
Stamford. Conn., 5, 14, 37.
Stamp act. 23.
Standing or Stated Registers, 14, 16.
duties, 27.
reports, 31, 34, 37.
Statistics, Episcopalians, 38, 42.
sectarian, 38.
Stiles, Rev. Dr., of Newport, R. I., 41.
Stockton, Mr., 21.
Strain, Rev. John, 13.
Street, Rev. Nicholas, 27.
Strong, Rev. Joseph, 37. 40.
Synod of New York and Philadelphia.
See General Synod.
TABELLIONS, 21.
Talmagc, Rev. Benjamin, 13.
Taylor, Rev. Nathaniel, 15, 17, 27, 28, 30,
31, 39.
Tennent, Rev. William, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17,
24, 27, 28, 31, 34, 35, 39.
Tennent, Rev. William, 3d, of Norwalk,
Conn., 17, 28, 32.
Tennent, Rev. William Mackey, 39, 40.
Throope, Benjamin, 21.
Treat, Rev. Joseph, 12, 13, 14, 17, 23, 24,
27, 34.
Treat, Rev. Richard, 13, 14, 23, 24. 26, 27.
Trumbull, Rev. Mr., of North Haven,
Conn., 29.
Trumbull, History of Connecticut, 7.
UNION, plan of, 5, 12, 17, 22, 23.
VIRGINIA, dominion of, 26.
clergy in, 32.
committee on laws, etc., 32, 35, 38.
corresi)ondence, 30.
House of Burgesses, 33.
Voters, 24, 25.
qualifications of, 15.
WALKER, " History of the Congregational
Churches,'" 9.
Walpole, Sir Robert, 24.
Wells, Rev. Noah, 16, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 26,
27, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 40, 41.
Westminster As.sembly, 7.
Westminster Confession, 8.
West Florida, committee on statistics, 38.
Whetmore, Rev. Noah, 27.
Whitaker, Rev. Nathaniel, 24.
Whitefield, George, 7.
Whitman, Rev. Elnathan, 24, 26, 29, 30,
.33.
William and Marv, College of, professors
in, .32.
Williams, Rev. Eliphalet. 15, 24.
Williams, Rev. Warham. 24.
Williston, Rev. Noah, 34.
Wilson, Rev. Matthew, 12.
Windham Association. 18.
Witherspoon, Rev. John, D.D., 6, 8, 13, 14,
27,28,31, 34, 3.5, 37, 38.
Woodbridge, Rev. Benjamin, 27.
Woodhull, Rev. .Tohn, 13, 14, 31.
Woodruff, Rev. Benjamin, 14, 17.
YALE College, 9.
ZUBLY, Mr., 30.
T^bursday Hpr 13
103
1,
Pit, /-) 0 L
h/U^ 2-2. /? "^ 7
/y / 0
'hi Aj
ra..-^z.- :a-,v^ ■n.-i,., nriiiniY-'ff^yT '■'-'(Hi ■-
/7/^-
/;//
OISI-.
<t
\
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Books to Borrow
Open Library
TV News
Understanding 9/11