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"^m^

IV. Greenwood, F.S.A. {Scot)

UARBISTEK AT- LAW

r c

*^^'N

OCT H 1911

)

NoTK. — // should, perhaps, be mentioned that there arc
families of Redman (and its variants) which are
entirely unconnected with the Redmans of Levens
and Harewood, with whom alone this History
professes to deal.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER. PAGE.

I. Norman Origin of the Redmans ... ... ... i

II. Norman de Redman and the Knights Hospitallers ... 8

III. Henry I., Sheriff and Seneschal ... ... ... 14

IV. Sir Matthew I., Sheriff of Lancashire, and Henry II. 29
V. Sir Matthew II., Warden and Sheriff of Dumfries ... 38

VI. Yealand ... ... ... ... ... 48

VII. Sir Matthew III., Governor of Carlisle Castle ... 53

VIII. Sir Matthew IV., Governor of Roxburgh and Berwick 57

IX. Levens — Manor and Hall ... ... ... 70

X. Sir Richard I., of Hare wood, Speaker of the House

of Commons ... ... ... ... 78

XI. Sir Matthew V. ; Sir Richard II., Knight of the Shire
for Westmorland ; and Sir William, Knight

Banneret ... ... ... ... ... go

XII. Sir Edward, Esquire to King Richard III. ... 98

XIII. Sir Richard III. and the Pilgrimage of Grace ;

Matthew VI., and Cuthbcrt ... ... ... 107

XIV. Redmans of Bossall. The Bishops of Ely and

Norwich ... ... ... ... ... 117

XV. Harewood Manor, Castle and Church ... ... 127

VIU

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER.

PAGE.

XVI. Redmaas of Thornton-in- Lonsdale

XVII. Redmans of Ireby
XVIII. Redmans of Twisleton

XX. Tunstalls of Thurland Castle

XXI. Unidentified Redmans ...

XXII. Redman Arms ...

Appendix

List of Authorities consulted

Index ...

157

186

195

XIX. Off-shoots from the Thornton Colony : — Kirkby

Lonsdale and Ireland, Fulford, London ... 206

. 219

. 228

. 236

• 245

. 266

. 270

PEDIGREES.

>/ Redman of Levens and Harewood

D'Avranches origin of Redmans
De Lancaster, Barons of Kendal
De Camberton ...
Lambert, of Calton
Redman, of Bossall
Early Lords of Harewood
V Redman, of Thornton
Redman , of I reby
Redman, of Twisleton ...
Redman, of Fulford
Tunstal, of Thurland

PAGE.

facing

III

ii8

128

facing

157

»»

186

• • •

196

• • •

215

• • •

220

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

FACING PAGE.

• Altar-tomb in Ely Cathedral. Dr. Richard Redman, Bishop

of St. Asaph, Exeter and Ely. (Photograph by Rev.

H. R. Campion) ... ... ... frontispiece

^ Charter, temp. Hen. II., granting Levens to Norman de
Redman. By permission of the C. & W. A. & A.

^^Uv^tdV ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 2

^ Levens Hall — front view. By permission of Mr. John F.

v^Lirwen, i/.o./\. ... ... ... ... ... lo

V Charter of i Ric. I. exempting Lords of Levens from pay-

ment of Noutgeld ... ... ... ... 28

y Gardens of Levens Hall. By permission of Mr. John F.

Curwen, F.S.A. ... ... ... ... ... 38

v^Plan of Levens Park (made about 1720). By permission of

Mr. John F. Curwen, F.S.A. ... ... ... 50

V Ground-plan of Levens Hall. By permission of Mr. John

F. Curwen, F.S.A. ... ... ... ... 72

^' Ruins of Harewood Castle ... ... ... ... 78

V Arms, Aldeburgh and Redman. Redman quartering Alde-

burgh, formerly in the Great Chamber of Harewood

V^ AwLXw ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ^^

Altar-tomb in Harewood Church. Sir Richard Redman,
the Speaker, and his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of the
first Lord Aldeburgh ... ... ... ... 88

Altar-tomb in Harewood Church. Sir Richard Redman and

his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Wm. Gascoigne 94

Altar-tombs in Harewood Church ... ... ... 100

Xll LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

V Ruins of Harewood Castle. (From drawing by Herbert

Railton) ... ... ... ... ... io6

'' Section of Altar-tomb of Sir Wm. Ryther. By permission

of Mr. H. Speight ... ... ... ... 112

/ Arms formerly in Harewood Castle and Church. By per-
mission of Mr. H. Speight ... ... ... 127

/ Ruins of Bolton Priory. (From drawing by Herbert

Railton) ... ... ... ... ... 130

j Altar-tomb of Sir William Ryther, in Ryther Church. By

permission of Mr. H. Speight ... ... ... 136

w Window in Harewood Castle, with Arms of Baliol and

Aldeburgh ... ... ... ... ... 144

/sideboard in the Great Hall of Harewood Castle ... 146

i Harewood Church ... ... ... ... ... 151

/ Altar-tomb of Chief-Justice Sir William Gascoigne in Hare-
wood Church. By permission of Mr. H. Speight ... 156

V Redman Arms in window of Thornton Church ... ... 164

^Tombstone of the Lady Sarah Redmayne, at Thornton ... 174

^ Altar-plate of Thoniton Church, made from silver

bequeathed by Ralph Redmayne, Esq. ... ... 181

Ingleton Church (from drawing by F. C. Tilney)... ... 186

- Font, Ingleton Church
^ Thornton Church
■ Thurland Castle

Arms of the Karl of Strafford ...

194
206
219
236

,. Arms, Redman and Aldeburgh. By permission of the

C. & W. A. & A. Society ... ... ... ... 2^

PREFACE.

117 HEN first I began to study Redma-n history a few
years ago my only thought was to prepare a few
notes from which my little daughter, in years to come,
might perhaps care to learn something of the doings of
her ancestors in past centuries.

I had not, however, proceeded far in this labour of love
before I began to realize what an amount of work was
involved in anything like a thorough exploration of the
available evidences, and to wish that someone in a pre-
vious generation, who had traversed all this ground before
me, had been considerate enough to hand on the fruits of
his research, thus saving a needless repetition of labour
for all who should follow in his footsteps.

Prompted by this feeling I now venture to place on
record the substance of what I have been able to learn
of the history of this old and historic family, so that
those who have not the time or facilities for independent
research may have the advantage, such as it is, of my
work ; and also that any future historian may have a
foundation ready prepared on which he can build a
structure more worthy of its object. Thus I shall have
the satisfaction of knowing that the efforts of later
students will be more profitably employed in adding to
the present knowledge of Redman history than in acquir-
ing it de novo, as has so often and needlessly been done.

XIV PREFACE.

My book has been written under a handicap of ill-
health and limited leisure ; and all I can claim for it is
such credit as may be due to an earnest effort to be
accurate. I have tried, with what success I cannot say,
to infuse a little life into the dry bones of the evidences,
in a wish to avoid the dreary progression of charters,
inquisitions, and so on, which, however dear to the
scientific genealogist, are well calculated to scare the
greater number of readers who are no less keenly in-
terested in the stories of our old families.

I have also endeavoured, as far as possible, to present
only such features of the Redman history as are of general
interest or are really necessary to illustrate descents and
the connection of different generations and branches of
the family. All other material, and there is a great
quantity of it, which is of interest only to a limited few
who may wish to trace their own connection with the
Redmans, I have not thought it right to introduce into a
book which only professes to present a general view of
the family story. I shall, however, always be very happy
to place such information of this character as I possess at
the service of anyone to whom it would be of use.

No-one can be more conscious than myself of the
limitations of this book. There is a large field of history
which still remains unexplored, and in which later seekers
will, no doubt, find much that is of value. Some of the
branches with which this volume deals are but super-
ficially treated ; other important branches remain un-
touched. But in spite of its incompleteness I hope my
book will find acceptance as a useful contribution to the
stories of our old English families.

If it gives to any reader a small fraction of the pleasure
I have derived from its writing, and if it spares labour to

PREFACE. XV

or in any way smoothes the path for a future teller of the

Redman story, I shall feel that I am more than rewarded

for work which has been to me a delight.

My work has been much simplified by the generous

and valuable assistance I have received, for which I wish

to express my sincere thanks. Gratitude is especially due

to Colonel Parker, of Browsholme Hall, who in the most

courteous and ungrudging way has placed his unrivalled

knowledge of Redman history at my disposal ; and

among other gentlemen who have also been most kind

and helpful are Colonel Bagot, M.P., of Levens Hall ;

Mr. William Farrer; the Rev. James Wilson, M.A. ; my

brother-in-law, Mr. J. Harper Scaife, LL.B., who has

helped me most generously throughout, and others who?e

courtesy I acknowledge in later pages. I am also greatly

indebted to the kindness of Mr. Curwen, F.S.A., the Rev.

H. R. Campion, M.A., Mr. H. Speight, the Cumberland

and Westmorland Antiquarian Society, and Messrs. Jack,

of Edinburgh for several of the illustrations which appear

in the book.

W. G.

Spring Grove,

Middlesex,

3rd November, 1904.

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THE REDMANS OF LEVENS.

CHAPTER I.

Norman Origin of the Redmans.

THE North of England has been the nursery of many
a knightly family which has borne itself gallantly
through the centuries, has sent its sons, generation after
generation, to fight for their King, and has mated its
daughters with husbands as well-born as themselves.

A few of these families, like the Penningtons and
Stricklands, have maintained their position in defiance of
*' time and tide," and to-day live in castles built by their
ancestors in far-off feudal days and own lands which were
theirs under Plantagenet kings, or even before Domesday
Book was compiled. Others have helped to fashion
history for four, five or six centuries until, through for-
feitures of estates and divided and subdivided inheritances
they have lapsed from their position, and, for a time at
least, have been largely lost to view.

Of the latter and less fortunate class is the family of
Redman, of Redman in Cumberland, of Levens in West-
morland, of Harewood in Yorkshire, and of a score of
ot'ier manors scattered over five counties north of the
H umber and Mersey. An offshoot of one of the most
eminent of noble Norman stocks, the Redmans were men
of substance and position in the north before John came
to his throne ; and from the twelfth to the early years of
the eighteenth century they took a prominent place in

2 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

the land of their adoption. They furnished, in lonpj
succession, knights for her shires, bishops for her church,
and sheriffs for her counties. They fought gallantly from
the borders of Scotland to the borders of Spain ; they
were governors of important castles and arrayers and
leaders of armed forces ; and, in short, for all these
centuries there were few spheres of useful activity in
which they did not bear an honourable and often a
conspicuous part.

Although the records are full of references to the Red-
mans, and although many a skilled antiquary has made
a painstaking study of their history, the origin of the
family successfully eluded discovery until a few years ago,
when an old charter which had escaped the notice of the
Historical MSS. Commissioner, when examining the
muniments at Levens Hall, and was brought to light by
Mr. W. F*arrer, the learned editor of Lancashire Records,
supplied a clue to the mystery.

This old charter, so fortunately discovered, is the
original grant ot Levens by William de Lancaster (IL),
Baron of Kendal, to the founder of the Redman family at a
time when the name had not yet been adopted. The deed,
the date of which is probably circa 1170, runs thus : —

Notum sit omnibus, tain presentibus quani futuris, clericis et laicis,
quod ego Willchnus de Lancastra, dedi et concessi Nornianno de
Hieland, pro suo honiagio et servicio, Lefnes, per suas rectas
divisas, in Bosco, in piano, in pratis, in pascuis, sibi et suis heredi-
bus, de me et meis heredibus, tenere libere et quiete et pro suo
libero servicio, scilicet, pro octo solidis inde annuatim reddendis,
salva piscaria et aqua de Kent usque ad Sandpol et salvis austur-
conibus et eervo et cerva, et apre et lea. Hiis testibus: domina
Helewisa, sponsa sua; Simone de ; Anselmo; huctredo, filio

Osolf; Kogero, filio Ade ; Roberto Mustel ; Kicardo, filio Alardi ;
Jurdano ; Gileberto, fratre suo ; Gilbert© de Croft ; Johanne
clerico, ct aliis pluribus audientibus, hoc.

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 3

It will be seen that the name of the grantee in this
charter appears as Norman de *' Hieland,*' or, as it was
known in later days, " Yealand *' ; and in this word lies
the clue which enables us. to assign on unassailable
grounds, a Norman origin to the Redmans.

This family of Hieland or Yealand was founded by one
Adam d'Averenge, or Adam of Avranches, to whom
William de Lancaster (I), Baron of Kendal, gave lands in
Yealand and Silverdale. In a boundary deed of Yealand : —

Willelmus de Lancastre dedit Ade de Yeland et heredibus suis, pro
homagio et servicio suo, villam de Yeland cum Selredale, cum omni-
bus pertinentiis suis, quas Willelmus de Lancastre, vetus, dedit Ade
dc Avercitgey avo ejusdem Ade, pro homagio et servicio suo, scilicet
unam Karucatam lerre et dimidiam per servicium militare; Testibus,
Gilberto de Lancastre, Kogero de Lancastre, Thoma de Bethom,
Ricardo de Coupland, Matheo de Redeman, &c.

(In cartis Thome Midleton de Leighton, armigeri, 28 July, 1629,
apud Sizergh, in custodid Roberti Stirkland, Armigeri).

From this charter we see that William de Lancaster
gave to Adam de Yeland and his heirs the vill of Yeland
with Silverdale, which William de Lancaster, vetus, gave
to Adam d' Avranches, grandfather of the said Adam.
Thus wo have the Norman Adam receiving lands in Ye-
land and Silverdale from the Baronial house of Kendal,
and founding a family which was to be identified in the
future as the family of Yealand, of whom Norman, of the
Levens charter, and Adam of this Yealand deed, were
members. This Adam de Yeland is specifically identified
as grandson of the first settler, Adam d'Avranches. Who
then was Norman, who is of such great interest to us as
founder of the family that was to be known for so many
centuries by the name of Redman ? He was clearly of an
older generation than Adam of Yeland, the grandson, who

4 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD.

indeed was a contemporary of Norman's son, Henry, and
of his grandson, Matthew ; and there can be little doubt
that he was a son of Adam of Avranches.

Having seen that Norman (de Redman) originally bore
the name of the family founded by this Norman soldier,
let us see what further evidence there is to identify him
with this family. And for this purpose I may be pardoned
for quoting Mr. Farrer's views as stated to me in a
letter : —

TTie strongest confirmation of your suggestion that Adam de
Yealand and Henry de Redman were cousins is the reference to a
plea in 1246, where Alice, wife of Robert de Con vers, and Matthew
Redman are defendants, and their ancestors are said to have been
seised of common &c (Alice was daughter of the Adam de Yealand
of the charter). Then there are the following charters which, as
they say in Lancashire, are ** ungeto'erable " : —

(i) Know that I, Roger de Yeland, by the love of God and for
the health of my soul &c. by the advice of Sueneva, my wife,
have given six acres of land and a toft of my demesne of
Yeland in pure alms (to the Canons of Cockersand) to hold
fully &c. I also will that the said brethren have easements
belonging to the said land (f. 1476).

(2) Know &c. that I, Henry son of Norman de Redeman, have
given &c. 23 acres of my land in Yeland, to wit of my demesne
around Hildriston in pure alms (to the Canons of Cockersand)
with common right and easements of the said vill, as much as
the said alms can bear, for the health of my soul &c. (f. 1476).

These charters from the Cockersand Chartulary prove that
Roger, son of Adam de Avranches, and Henry de Redman were
severally possessed cf demesnes in Yealand ; and I should imagine
that the first charter passed between 11 90 and 1203. These refer-
ences seem to make your suggestion re the relationship of Norman
to Adam de Avranches as likely as anything of this kind can be
made ; and probably the pedigree which I have sketched out may
be considered correct.

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6 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Having thus, as I hope satisfactorily, established Nor-
man's identity as a member of the family of Adam
d*Avranches it may be well to glance for a few moments
at the great Norman family of that name, of which there
can be small reason to doubt that Adam was a cadet.

According to Collins, the family of the Vicomtes
d'Avranches ** flourished in Normandy with great dignity
and grandeur from the time of its first creation into a
soverei5:n kingdom, A.D. 912, to the conquest of England
in the year 1066, having been always ranked among the
foremost there, either for nobleness of blood or power,
and having had the government of many castles and
strongholds in that Duchy."

Without following Collins to his ancestral goal in an
uncle of Rollo, the piratical pioneer of the Norman Dukes,
there is no doubt that the d'Avranches family was of con-
siderable importance in the Duchy, and was not considen^d
unworthy of an alliance with its reigning House. The
most notable of its members was perhaps that Hugh
d'Avranches (Lupus), to whom his uncle, the Conqueror,
gave St) many fat manors and the earldom of Chester, and
who, in his power and splendour, almost rivalled William
himself.

It was but natural that members of this family should find
the seductions of England, with its promise of rich spoil,
irresistible, and should join the army of Norman invaders
which flocked over, both at and after the Conquest. To
Hugh, the Conqueror's favourite, fell the choicest plums ;
Roland d'Avranches became Lord of Folkestone, and
founded a sh *rt line of Barons by Tenure ; Robert
d'Avranches had a grant of the Barony of Okehanipton ;
and no d(jubt there were other members of the familv
who had substantial pickings, and had good reason to be

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 7

grateful for William's enterprise in crossing the Channel.
Here we may leave the Avranches progenitors of the
Redmans, and consider Norman, who, born a d'Avranches,
grew to manhood as a de Yealand, and in later years
identified himself and his descendants for ever with Red-
man, a Cumberland village between the rivers Derwent
and Ellen.

CHAPTER II.

Norman de Redman and the Knights Hospitallers.

NORMAN, the first of his line to bear the name of
Redman was probably born circa 1140, at a troublous
time, when Stephen found the Empress Maud and the
most powerful of his Barons arrayed against him, and for
a time England was in the clutch of anarchy, bloodshed
and famine. The Battle of the Standard was but a two-
year-old memory, and people were still talking in awed
whispers of the massacres and rapine King David and his
Scots had left behind them on their raid into the Northern
Counties.

In his early manhood it is not improbable that Norman,
who is described as " Dapifer of Guarinus, Minister of the
Holy Hospital of Jerusalem,'' may have fought in the
Holy Land as a Crusader, although of this there seems to
be no direct evidence. In this connection, however, it is
interesting to record that there may be seen at the church
of Thornton-in-Lonsdale ** two fine linen cloths with the
Temple of Jerusalem woven thereon,*' which were be-
queathed to the church by Ralph Redmayne, in 1703.
These cloths, to which evidently great value was attached,
may or may not be memorials of some early Redman
crusader.

Guarinus, whose "dapifer" Norman was, also presents
difficulties. I had thought that he was probably William
de Warren, the third Earl of Surrey, who accompanied
Louis, King of France, on his expedition against the

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. g

Saracens, an adventure from which, by the way, he never
returned ; but a more plausible suggestion perhaps is
that he was Warinus, of Lancaster, brother of William,
first Lancaster Baron of Kendal, who was a Crusader and
who, without any gnat stretch of probability, might have
chosen as his dapifer the son of his neighbour Adam
d*Avranches, of Yealand.

In these very early years, where records yield such
scanty evidence, one must of necessity fall back to a
certain extent on reasoned conjecture ; and before we
emerge from this nebulous stage into the clear atmosphere
of established facts it may not be unprofitable to indulge
in a little speculation as to the connection between the
families of de Lancaster and Redman. That the con-
nection of these two neighbouring houses was exception-
ally close, admits of no question. The Redmans gained
their first territorial footing in the north through William
de Lancaster, the first, who, as we have seen, gave lands
in Yealand and Silverdale to Adam d'Avranches. Later,
as we shall see, the Redmans were further enriched at
de Lancaster hands by the manors of Levens and Selside
and other goodly lands.

One cannot think that in these olden days, any more
than now, men were in the habit of giving away land by
thousands of acres merely out of friendly impulse. Such
an act argues either a close family tie or some commen-
surate return. Feudal services from one family would
scarcely call for the sacrifice of no inconsiderable sections
of two counties ; one might think such rewards would
ensure the loyalty of a small army of knights, while the
rents reserved were little more than the proverbial pepper-
corn.
The inference which is irresistibly suggested is that

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these broad acres came to the Redmans through a marriage
alliance or alliances with the family of de Lancaster ; and
it seems to me possible that it was the bright eyes and
rich dower of a de Lancaster heiress that lured Adam of
Avranches into the north of England and led to his settle-
ment there. However this may be, on no other than a
supposition of this kind can one understand the very
intimate relations between the two families ; but, the
probability conceded, many circumstances otherwise diffi-
cult to understand, become intelligible.

But enough of conjecture, which is often misleading in
proportion as it is alluring. Norman seems to have
transferred his duties as dapifer from Guarinus to William
de Lancaster IL, for when he witnesses a Confirmation
of lands by William de Lancaster to William, son of
Roger de Kirkby-Irleth, he is described as Normannus
Dapifer (Farrer's Lancashire Pipe Rolls, &c., p. 443) ; and
again as ** Norman, the dapifer," he witnesses a grant by
William to Hugh, the hermit, ** pro salute animae meae
et Helewisiae sponsae meae" (Ex Registro de Cockersand,
f. 112 ; Monasticon vi., 909). As Norman de Redeman
^Red^man, by the way, appears to be quite a favourite
early spelling of the family name, of which we find some-
thing like a dozen variants) he witnesses the grant by
Thotnas, son of Cospatrick, of five acres of arable land in
Hailinethait, one toft, pasture for ten cows, and an acre
of meadow (Cartae MiscelL, vol. ii., fo. 2).

Norman, who, as we have seen, had already inherited
and acquired large estates adds to them the Manor of
Tranton (variously called also Tranetherne, Trenterne,
&c.) granted to him by Stiffinus, son of Dolphin de
Trimbie (near Lowther, in Westmorland). In the grant
it is described as

12 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Totam terram de Tranton videlizet, quae propinquior est apud
villam de Trinbe &c. cum omnibus pertinenciis suis in aquis et in
agris et in pratis et in pasturis et cum communa pastura de Thrinbe
. . . reddendo annuatim octo Sollida (sic) pro omnibus serviciis
&c.

The witnesses to this grant are Robertus de Morisbe,
Garnacius de Huencurte, Adam Morisbe, Huctredus, filius
Osulfe, Willehnus de Lovvdar, Willelmus et Thomas . . .
filius Adam de Morland, Adam Sillcet (Selside) &c.

We make further acquaintance with these Trantherne
lands in a Confirmation (1201) to the Church of St. Mary,
of Kildeholm, ** ex dono Normaiin de Redeman tVa de
Tranethern cu omibz ptin suis.'*

" Now what," is the interesting question asked by

Colonel Parker, of Browsholme Hall, who, I may be

allowed to say, is beyond comparison the chief living

authority on Redman history, ** could possibly interest

Norman de Redman in a remote nunnery in a distant

part of Yorkshire to such an extent that he should help to

endow it ? He had no Yorkshire lands. Now Nicholas,

the name of one of Norman's sons, is a Stuteville name

and the name of the grandson and heir of the founder of

the nunnery, Robert de Stuteville (temp. Henry I.) Is it

not a reasonable presumption that Norman married a

daughter of Robert de Stuteville or of William, his son ?

The connection of the Stutevilles with Carleton and Drigg

is interesting in this connection. I find that Hugh de

Morville, Lord of Kirk Diomed (temp. Henry II.), married

Hawisia daughter of Nicholas de Stuteville; so, at any

rate, we have a Redman neighbour closely allied to the

family."

That Norman's interest in the Knights Hospitallers
was a practical one is proved by the fact that he gave of

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 13

his lands to the support of the Holy Hospital of Jerusalem.
Some years after his death, we find a confirmation by
Gernat (e), Minister of the Hospital of Jerusalem, ** with
the common and unanimous consent of the brothers of
the order," of four acres of land in Levens, to Henry, son
of Norman, " which we had of the alms of (Norman) the
Dapifer, his father, * tenendas de nobis in feodo et
hereditate, libere et quiete, ab omni seculari servicio quod
ad (elemosinam) pertinet, reddendo annuatim Domui
nostrae XII** in assumptione beatae (M) Virginis/''

At what time and for what reason Norman discarded
the name of Yealand in favour of that of Redman I have
been unable to discover. It is clear that he reached man-
hood a Yealand and that he lived for some time and died
**de Redman." The change appears to have come towards
the end of his life, and was probably inspired by the laud-
able wish to found a family of his own, distinct from that
of his brother, Roger of Yealand ; and for this purpose he
identified himself with his Cumberland property and
elected to be known as " de Redman." How these
Redman lands came to him is another problem awaiting
solution.

Norman probably died circa 1184, while Henry II. was
still on the throne, and left behind him two sons, both
under age, (i) Henry, his heir and successor, and (2)
Nicholas, whose only legacy to posterity is his name.

CHAPTER III.

Henry I. Sheriff and Seneschal.

WITH Henry, Norman's successor, we reach firmer
ground, where there are few will-o-the-wisps to
seduce us from the well-marked track of history; although
it is inevitable that in the story of a family covering more
than seven centuries one must at times encounter gaps
which the records do not bridge for us.

When Norman died, comparatively a young man, his
heir was still in his 'teens, and probably had three or four
years to wait for the full fruits of his inheritance. At any
rate he must have reached manhood in 1 187-8 when he
proffered a mark in order that the Fine levied between
himself and Ketel, son of Ughtred, concerning the terri-
tory of Levens in Westmorland, should be inscribed upon
the Roll of the Curia Regis. By this agreement Ketel
granted to Henry and his heirs the whole of the Manor of
Levens, one moiety to be held by the said Henry in his
demesne, the other to be held by Ketel of the said Henry
by an equivalent service to that which Henry rendered to
the chief lord for the same. Levens was parcel of the
Barony of Kendal, and from that day to the present time
has continued in two moieties called, respectively, Over
and Nether Levens. (Farrer's Lancashire Pipe Rolls,
p. 71).

The different transactions relating to Levens at this
time are not a little confusing ; and it will be well to give
them in detail. We have, in addition to the Fine above

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 15

mentioned, the following grant to Henry, by Gilbert Fitz
Reinfrid, Baron of Kendal and Henry's overlord : —

Grant of Levens to Henry Redman.

•

Sciant tam praesentes (quam fiituri quod) ego Gilbertus, filiiis
Rogeri, filii Ranfridi, con(cessi) et mea praesenti carta confirmavi
Henrico, filio Nor(manni), Levens per siias rectas di visas, scilicet,
etc, tenendum de me et haeredibus meis in feodo et heredit-

ate, libere et quiete etc, in bosco, in piano etc, salva aqua mea de
Kent, etc, reddendo mihi et haeredibus meis, Henricus et baeredes
sui, annuatim xvj solidos de firma et quinque solidos et dena-

rios de cornagio pro omni servicio. Hiis testibus : — Ricardo ,

Adam decano, Gilberto de Lancastre, Radulfo de Arrundell,
Willelmo , Radulpho de Beethome, Rogero de Beethome,

Rogero de (Bur)thon, Matheo Garnett, Willelmo de Kellet, Hugone
de Poplington, Henrico de (I)nsula, Ormo de Irebie, Thoma de
Torenthorn, Rogero de Kelland (Yelland), (Dav)id de Memecestre,
Adam Garnett, Adam de Manser, Ricardo de me, Gilberto,

fratre suo et multis aliis.

Then there is another grant, recorded by Dodsworth —
this time of Selside as well as of Levens — by Gilbert Fitz
Reinfrid to Henry de Redman : —

Notum sit omnibus, tam presentibus quam futuris, quod ego Gil-
bertus fil' Rogeri, fil' Reinfredi, concessi et hac presenti carta mea
confirmavi Henrico de Redman, quod ipse et heredes sui teneant
Levenes et Selesete (Selside), cum pertinentiis de me et heredibus
meis in perpetuum. (Dodsworth, MS. 159, fo. 180).

And finally we have the following grant by Henry to
Ketel of a moiety of Levens. (Nether Levens.)

Notum sit omnibus tam futuris quam presentibus quod ego,
Henricus, filius Normanni de Readniane, concessi et hac carta mea
confirmavi Ketello, filio Uthrid, medietatem de Levens, exce(ptas )
acras, scilicet ( Cros)thwaite et quindecim in Levens conces( )
Ketelli modo ut an(tecessores) nostri haereditalis scilicet predictam

i8 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Waldeve of Ulverston.

I
Augustine

DE Heaton.

I
Adam,

Dean of

Lancaster.

William de

Tatham,

held Hawthorn-

thwayt of Adam,

son of Waldeve,

ob. s.p.

Richard de
Tatham

{Pipe, p. 45)
ob. 1 198
(p. 102).

Daughter = Henry de
Redman.

dau. of
William
son of
Adam
(Testa).

A quo
De Heaton.

De Redman.

William db

Tatham,

claimed his

lands, 7 John

(Fines Roll).

I
De Tatham.

This pedigree, which is most interesting and valuable,
disposes of the mystery of the following grant for lights
by Henry to the Abbey of Furness which has probably
puzzled every student of Redman history.

Henriciis Redman, concessu uxoris suae et haeredum siiorum dat
nobis redditum ills annuatiin ad luminaria in ecclesia abbatiae nos-
trae, scilicet ii. s. quos W(illelmus) filiiis Wa(l)tbevi, avunculi mei,
mihi reddit pro terra de Herthornthwaite, quae fuit Adae, avunculi
mei, scil: xii. d. ad Pasca et xii. d. ad festum S. Michaelis et xii. d.
quos Gamellus, filius Levin, reddit mihi pro terra de Middletbwayt.
{Furness Coucher Book, — Chetham Society. Vol. ii., p. 509).

The William, son of Waldeve, of this grant would thus
be William de Tatham, son of Waldeve of Ulverston, and
'* Adam, my uncle," could be none other than Henry's
father-in-law, the Dean. To understand these identifica-
tions it is important to remember that " avunculus " was
a term of wide application, covering, as Mr. Farrer informs
me, ** almost any relation of a man's mother, or who came
through his mother. It may be mother's uncle or step-
father &c ; and I think it is used by a man of his wife's
uncles or his father-in-law " — a most serviceable kind of
word indeed.

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 19

The records are full of evidences of Henry de Redman's
varied activities, as Seneschal of Kendal, as Co-Sheriff of
Yorkshire, as soldier, and in the many duties that would
naturally fall to a man of his position. Unfortunately the
dates of many of these evidences are riot available ; so
that it is impossible to make the record of Henry's doings
reliably consecutive.

Henry witnessed a grant by Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid and
his wife, Helwise, to the Church of the Holy Trinity of
Kirkby-in- Kendal ; and, as a witness to Gilbert's grant of
Coneswic, he appears as ** Henrico de Redman, his
(temporibus) senescallo." He was also a witness, with
his son Matthew, to a grant by Gilbert, son of Robert, to
the Hospital of St. Peter, at York (Hist. MSS. Com-
mission. Rep. 10. Pt. 4. Levens Hall Papers) ; and to
Robert de Veteripont's grant to the Abbey of Shap, in
1212 (Burn and Nicolson, vol. i., p. 203).

He makes frequent appearances on the Lancashire Pipe
Rolls and Charters, a few of which may perhaps be
given. The references are to Mr. Farrer's volume. He
pays 20 marks, in 1 198-9, for the custody of the land and
heir of William de Kelled (p. 107) ; in 1205-6 he proffers
40 marks for the custody of the land and heir of Roger de
Heton, and for having the marriage of the said heir to his
daughter (p. 204) ; and in 1211-13 he gives a third part of
10 marks for having a writ for his debt against Helwise
de Estutevill, widow (i) of William de Lancaster II., and
(2) of Hugh de Morvill (p. 247).

" Henricus de Radman, Seneschal of Kendal," is among
the witnesses to the confirmation by Honorius, Archdeacon
of Richmond, to the Canons of Conishead, of the Church
of Ulverston (p. 365) ; to a release, in 1205, by Hugh
Bussel to Roger, Constable of Chester, of the Barony of

20 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Penwortham (pp. 379-80) ; to a release by Robert Bussel
to Roger de Lacy, Constable of Chester, of the same
Barony (p. 381) ; to a grant by Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid to
Reiner de Stiveton of the land of Medlar &c (pp. 44i-2>^
and to several other agreements and grants.

We get a glimpse of Henry in his Judicial character in
connection with the release by Matilda, daughter of Elias
de Stiveton, to Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid of estates which
Matilda had mortgaged to him. ** The Transaction,"
Mr. Farrer says, ** took place in Gilbert's Baronial Court
of Kirkby Kendal, before Henry de Redman, the Seneschal,
and the suitors of the Court, viz : — Lambert de Bussey,
lord of Lambrigg ; Adam, son of Roger, lord of Yealand ;
Gilbert de Lancaster ; William de Windsore ; William,
son of Waldeve, lord of Tatham &c, and others.**

Henry, like most of the members of his family, was a
man of practical piety and figures as a benefactor of the
religious houses. We have already seen that he gave
lands for lights to Furness Abbey. In 1199 he granted a
moiety of Silverdale with fishing and other rights to the
Canons of Cartmel (Rot. Chart, in Turr. Lond. Asservati).
To the Abbey of Shap he gave lands in Lupton : —

Sciant omnes quod ego, Henricus de Rademan, dedi domui S*cae
Marie Magdalene de Hepp, et Abbati et canonicis ibidem Deo ser-
vientibus, pro salute auimae meae, et uxoris meae, et omDium ante-
cessorum meoruin, in puram et perpetuam eleeinosinam quaodam
partem terrae meae in Villa de Lupton. (Dods. MS. 159.)

And in conjunction with Matthew, his son, he confirmed
a gift to the monks of Byland (Hist. MSS. Comm. Rep.
10. pt. 4) ; while in 1200 he confirmed his father's gift of
** Tranetherne " to the church of St. Mary, of Kildeholm.
The Furness Coucher Book (Chetham Society, vol. ii., p.

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 21

453) contains a record of an amicable settlement between
the Convent and Sir Henry de Rednjan, ** miles," con-
cerning certain lands belonging to the Church at Urswick
negociated by John, Abbot of Caldre. (Burn gives 1212
as the dale of this settlement.) This, so far as I have
been able to discover, is the only occasion on which Henry
is described as a knight.

These records are prosaic enough, dealing as they do
with the commonplace acts of any man in Henry de Red-
man's position ; but there was at least one stimulating
epoch of his life, in which we find him taking an active
part in concerns of historical importance ; but before
dealing with it, it may be well to devote a few lines to
Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid with whose life that of Henry seems
to have been closely linked.

Gilbert was a man of great wealth and importance in
his day. The son of Roger Fitz Reinfrid, justicier and
sheriff for Sussex and Berkshire, and of Rohaise, his wife,
niece of the powerful Ranulph, Earl of Chester, and
great-great-niece of the Conqueror, Gilbert started life
under excellent auspices; and he crowned the good fortune
of his birth by wedding the only daughter and heiress
(Helwise) of William of Lancaster H, Baron of Kendal,
becoming possessor through his wife of vast properties in
Westmorland and Lancashire. To these possessions, a
small kingdom in themselves, Richard I, soon after he
came to his Throne, added "the whole forest of Westmor-
land, Kendal and Furness, to hold to him and his heirs,
as fully and freely as William de Lancaster and Nigel de
Albini had held the same."

On the death of his father-in-law in 1184, Gilbert
succeeded him in the Barony of Kendal ; and from this
point in his career became constantly and closely asso-

22 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

ciated with Henry de Redman. It has been seriously
stated that Gilbert married Helen, the only daughter and
heiress of William de Redman, and that King Richard 1.
had a finger in this matrimonial pie (Jones's History of
Harewoody p. 40.) But as the Records not only refuse
to disclose any such person as William de Reditian in
these early days or to lend any assent to this wedding, vtt
must conclude that, if Helwise de Lancaster had a suc-
cessor (or predecessor) in Gilbert's affection she was not
this nebulous Helen, daughter of a non-existent William.
Jones was a man of excellent intentions ; but he has com-
mitted many sins of misrepresentation against dead and
gone Redmans, and this is one of them.

According to Dodsvvorth, Fitz Reinfrid and Henry de
Redman were joint-Sheriffs of Yorkshire from 12 to 16
John (Gilbert was also Sheriff of Lancashire and West-
morland and Gustos of the Bishopric of Durham) ; and
thus were closely connected officially in the year of their
joint disaster. There can be little doubt that both Gilbert
and Henry were in sympathy with the Barons who, on
that June day, in 1215, compelled their treacherous and
shifty sovereign to sign the Great Charter on the field of
Runnymede ; and it is certain that they were among the
Barons on whom John so adroitly, if dishonourably turned
the tables a few months later.

It will be remembered that almost before the ink of his
signature was dry, John set to work to repudiate his act.
He whined to the Pope and induced him to issue a bull
annulling and abrogating the Charter, and at the same
time he enlisted foreign mercenaries by the thousand to
wreak his vengeance on his subjects. The Barons, who
might have known their King better from previous ex-
pcariencey were caught Dapping, and one hundred and

REDMANS OP LEVENS. 23

eighty of them with their retainers were trapped in Roches-
ter Castle and compelled by hunger to surrender.

John's "bag" was rich enough to gratify even his greed
of revenge ; for among his prisoners were William de
Albini, the finest soldier among the rebellious Barons and
the soul and centre of their cause, Gilbert's son, William
de Lancaster, and many another knight whose ransom
was a fortune in itself. William de Albini, William de
Lancaster, William de Avranches, Osbert Giffard, Alexan-
der de Pointon, Alan de Multon and others were delivered
into the safe keeping of Peter de Maulay ; Roger de Ley-
burn and Simon Fitz Simon were among the prisoners
entrusted to the custody of John Marshal ; and Henry de
Redman, Michael de Fossa and Robert Fitz Geoffrey
went to the keeping of Robert de Courtney.

This was an exceedingly bad business for our two
Sheriffs. Fitz Reinfrid recovered the Royal favour and
the release of his son, with that of his knights, Ralph de
Aincourt and Lambert de Busay, by payment of a fine of
12.000 marks, an enormous sum in those days, and in its
amount a striking evidence of his exceptional wealth.
And he was also compelled to provide hostages for the
future loyalty of himself and of William, his son. These
hostages were Benedict, Henry de Redman's son and heir;
the heir of Roger de Kirkby (Gilbert's son-in-law) ; the son
and heir of William de Wyndesore, who had married
Gilbert's niece ; the daughter and heir of Ralph d'Ein-
court ; the daughter or son and heir of Roger de Burton ;
the daughter and heir of Adam de Yeland ; the son or
daughter of Thomas de Bethun ; the son or daughter and
heir of Walter de Strickland, who is said to have wed
Christina, Gilbert's sister (Sizergh Castle, by Lady Edeline
Strickland, Gen. Notes) ; the daughter of Richard de

24 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Coupland ; and the son of Gilbert de Lancastre. (Rot.
Finium, Pt. I., m. 6). Rymer gives the date of this as in
August, 1215.

It will be seen that of these youthful pledges, the cream
of the rising generation in Gilbert's district, four at least
were of his own family — his grandson, his great-nephew,
his nephew and the son of Gilbert de Lancaster. It is
interesting to note that Benedict Redman comes first in a
list which appears to be arranged partly in order of
nearness-of-kin to Gilbert ; a fact which might suggest a
closer connection between Gilbert and the Redmans than
is capable of proof. There may be nothing whatever in
this precedence of Benedict Redman over Gilbert's own
grandchild among pledges whose importance was gauged
by the nearness in blood to the man who provides them,
but at least it is material for the speculative.

Henr>' seems to have spent the Christmas of the Great
Charter year as a prisoner ; for on 12th December, 12 15,
Robert de Courtenay is ordered to keep Henry de Redman
and others in safe custody (Rot. Lit. Claus. Turr. Lon.) ;
and, whenever he recovered his freedom, it was not until
John had given place to Henry III. that Henry was in
possession of his lands again. In 1217 the Sheriffs of
Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire were directed
to restore Henry to his possessions.

This misadventure at Rochester Castle appears to have
brought Henry's prominent activities to a close. In fact
he only ma'ces one later appearance of any interest in the
Records, — in 1220, on a list of Inquisitors for Lancashire,
in company with Michael de Furness and others (Pat*
Rolls. 4, Henry III.). He held no public office after
1217, his loyalty possibly being somewhat under suspicion;
and the closing years of his life were spent in quietness
and a discreet obscurity.

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 25

Henry had at least three sons, in addition to Matthew,
his successor : —

(i) Benedict, Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid's hostage^ of whom
nothing more appears to be known, and who probably
died during his father's lifetime.

(2) Norman. (3) Thomas.

Norman, like his elder brother, Benedict, had to play
the unpleasant role of hostage, and seems to have had a
particularly unhappy experience of it. In Rot. Lit. Claus
6, Henry HI. (16 May, I222\ I find the following : —

The King to Philip, the Marshall, Greeting.

It has been represented to us by our dear and faithful brother,
William of Lancaster, that in the time of King John, our father, in
his rebellion he brought forth with him from his district Norman,
son of Henry de Redeman, Richard, son of Roger de Kirkeby, and
the son of William de Windsor, to place them as hostages for his
redemption, you, when returning towards those parts took the same
three and up to the present have detained them according to your
will at Nottingham. Wherefore we command you, if it be so, that
you cause the said three sons of the aforesaid Henry, Roger and
William to be liberated without delay.

Norman must have died before 1247, *^ which year his
brother, Thomas, made the following confirmation to the
Abbey of Shap : —

Thomas, son of Henry de Redeman, for the health of his soul and
of the souls of his father and mother and ancestors and posterity,
confirms to the said Abbey of Shap, two oxgangs of land in the vill
of Apelby, which Norman, his brother, bequeathed with his body to
the said Abbey, which said lands Norman had by the gift of John de
Veteripont, and into which he, the said Thomas, after the death of
J^orman, had entry as next heir, rendering for the same to him, the
said Thomas, his heirs and assigns, three barbed arrows, one penny
yearly at the feast of St. Lawrence, and doing for the same foreign
lervice. (Machel — from the evidences at Helbeck.)

26 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HAREWOOD.

Thomas, son of Henry, was the founder of a branch of
the family identified with Cumberland ; the lands at
Redman in which county seem to have fallen to him. His
son, Norman, increased the family stake in the county by
winning for wife Matilda, a daughter and co-heiress of
Camberton, whose sister and co-heiress. Jennet, found a
husband in Thomas de Culwen. Matilda brought to
Norman as dower half of the manor of Camberton, and a
quarter of the manor of Graysouthen, in addition to lands
in Workington and Waverton, estates which were the
cause of family dissension after his death.

Matilda, when Norman was no more, became wife to
one William de Bretby, who in 1301, after her death,
claimed from his stepson, Thomas de Redman, Jennet
(Matilda's sister), late wife of Thomas de Culwen, John
Redman, William, son of Waldeve de Redman and others,
a moiety of the manor of Camberton, and a quarter of the
manor of ** Greysuthen," which Matilda on her marriage
had settled on him for life. William made his claim
good and recovered the lands. Norman was living on
6th June, 1277 (a.r. 1235) ; and his widow was wife of
William de Bretby on 2nd September, 1295, and was
dead before 4th January, 1300-1, the date of the above
claim.

Six years later (1307) we find Norman's and Matilda's
son, Thomas, appearing as next heir to one Alan de
Camberton, his mother's kinsman, as evidenced by the
following Inquisition, 35 Ed. I., No. 143: —

Mary, who was the wife of Alan de Camberton deceased, concerning
the lands which she held in dower, on the day on which she joined
the Scots, the King's enemies, of the inheritance of Thomas de
Redman and John le Venonr, cousins and heirs of the aforesaid
Alan.

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 27

The jurors say, upon their oath, that the said Mary on the day on
which she joined the Scots, held in dower of the inheritance of the
aforesaid Alan, formerly her husband, a third part of two carucates
of land, with the appurtenances, in Camberton, &c., and that the
aforesaid Mary died at Frerton, in the county of Fife, in Scotland,
about the feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist, in the 32nd
year of the reign of the King that now is, &c., and they say that the
aforesaid Thomas de Redman and John le Venour are the next
heirs of the said Alan. (Roberts' Calend. Geneal.j ii., 745.)

It was probably the same Thomas who was a juror on
the Inquisition post mortem of Thomas de Derwentwater
made at ** Assepatrick " in Cumberland on May 15th,
1303 (Inquisition post mortem, 31 Ed. I., n. 15). In
1319 a Thomas de Redman was appointed one of the
collectors of the scutage of 34 Ed. I. in the county of
Cumberland in the place of Will^ de Mulcaster (deceased).
Commission tested at York, 24th May, 12 Ed. II. (Fine
Roll, 12 Ed. II., m. 3.)

Five years later, in 1324, Thomas de Redemane, man-
at-arms, was returned by the sheriiT of the county of
Cumberland, pursuant to writ tested at Westminster, gth
May, as summoned, &c., to attend the great Council,
&c., 17 Ed. II.; and in the same year we find Thomas
Redman unable to act as collector of the scutage en
account of illness, and another (Alexander de Basten-
thwayt or John de Skelton) appointed in his place by
Commission tested at Westminster, 22nd May. (Fine
Roll, 17 Ed. II., m. 4.)

Henry died circa 1225, at about the age of sixty, seized
of Levens, a moiety of Yealand, of Lupton and Redman,
and possibly of lands in Overton and elsewhere. He was
succeeded by his son Matthew, whose age at the time of
his accession would be approximately thirty-five.

28 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Among many interesting charters preserved at Levens*
is one of i Richard I. (renewed lo Richard I.) exempting
Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid and his heirs from noutegeld (or
cornage rent) " throughout all his lands of Westmerlaxid
and Kendale, and from suit to the shire, hundred or tri-
thing courts and from aid to the sheriff or his bailiffs.*'
This charter of which, through the courtesy of Colonel
Bagot, I am enabled to give a reproduction, dates from
Henry de Redman's time and was probably in his
possession. It is still in good preservation, more than
seven centuries later, and runs thus: —

Ricardus Dei gratia etc. Sciatis nos concessisse et dedisse et pre-
sent! charta confirinasse Gilberto, filio Kogeri, filii Reinfredi, et
heredibus suis post eum, qiiietantiani per totam terrain suam de
Westmorland et de Kendale, de noutegeld, scilicet de 14' 16* 5^, qa*
ipse Gilbertus solebat reddere per annum pro noutegeld de prefata
terra. Concessimus etiam eidem Gilberto et heredibus suis qoietan*
tiam per totam prefatam terram suam, de schiris, et de wapentac'«
et de trithinga, et de auxiliis vicecomitum, et omnium ballivomm
suorum, etc. Teste Willelmo comite Arundel (et multis aliis.)

CHAPTER IV.

Sir Matthew I., Sheriff of Lancashire, and

Henry II.

HENRY'S second son and heir, Matthew, who was the
first of seven Redman knights bearing that name
and linking the twelfth with the seventeenth century, was
probably born about 1190, three years after his father
came into possession of Levens, Yealand, Silverdale and
the other family lands.

He would thus be a boy of nine when John came to his
throne, and would spend his boyhood and youth amid
the constant alarms, the seething discontent and appeals
to arms which marked the reign of that weak-kneed
monarch. At the crowning time of family trouble, when
his father was taken prisoner at Rochester Castle and his
elder brother, Benedick, had to leave his home as hostage
for Fitz Reinfrid's good behaviour, Matthew would have
reached man's estate and had not improbably made his
ddbut on the battlefield. His lot, however, fell in more
peaceful times than that of his father ; and his days appear
to have been mostly spent in discharging his duties as
sheriff and seneschal, and in the peaceful pursuits of a
country gentleman of the time.

In 1229, a few years after he succeeded to his inherit-
ance, Matthew, in company with Richard de Copland,
William de Yeland and Roger Gernet, was appointed a
justice ** for taking the assize of novel disseisin at Lancas-
ter on the Thursday before the purification of the Blessed

30 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Mary against the Abbot of Leicester concerning a tenement
in Cokersand " (Cal. Pat. Rolls, Hy. III. 1225-32). He
was probably the Matthew de Redman who, with Walter
de Strickland and Alan le Boteiler, witnessed a grant by
Thomas de Hastings to the Hospital of St. Peter at York.
He was among the witnesses to the confirmation by
William de Lancaster, the third, of a grant of lands in
Furness to Alexander de Kirkby (Farrer's Pipe Rolls,
pp. 442-3) ; to a grant in 1247 ^Y Ralph de Ainecurt to
Roger Pepin, a parson of Kirkby in Kendal, of land in
Natelunt (MS. Dods. 149 fo. 142 — ** Natland Box'') ; and
again, in his capacity as Seneschal of Kendal, to a deed
of confirmation to Patric, son of Gospatric, by the third
William de Lancaster (Burn).

In 1242 a fine was passed between Matthew de Redman,
son and heir of Henry de Redman, and William de Lan-
caster, the third (Dods. MS. 159 fo. 180) ; and in the
same year he was a tenant of the Barony of William de
Lancaster for lands in Yealand, holding with Robert de
Coniers one-eighth of a knight's fee (Testa de Nevill, pp.
398-9).

In 1243 Matthew ** appeared on the fourth day against
William de Lancaster in a plea to hold the fine levied in
the Court of the King, before the Justices itinerant at
Lancaster, between him, the said Matthew, complainant,
and the said William, impedicnt., concerning the manors
of Lcvenes, Skelesbolt (? Skelsmere), (juenefeld (Whinfell)
and Lupton, with app*. whereof a cyro^^raph was made.
William did not ap[)ear, and he was attached by Ralph de
Ayncurt, and Richard tie Heysham. Therefore, because
the fine was of recent date the sheriff was commanded to
distrain the said William by his lands to appear at three
weeks from Trinitv.' (C. R. Roll No. 128. m. 2 dorso.)

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 31

In 1245 Matthew was appointed sheriff of Lancashire,
holding the office with William de Lancaster ; in the two
following years he served alone ; and in 1248 he had for
colleague Robert Latham (Baines i. 58).

In 1246 he was concerned (with Robert de Coniers and
Alice, his wife and Matthew's kinswoman) in a dispute
with Thomas de Betham about common of pasture in
Levens ; and a similar dispute is revealed in C. R. Roll
64. m. I. dorso — Thomas de Bethum versus Adam de
Yeland and Matthew de Redman in a plea to shew by
what right they claimed common-right, by Walter, son of
Robert, pledged to sue at fifteen days after Easter.

These are all trivial incidents enough in the life of a
doughty knight, who would have figured more appropri-
ately on the field of battle than in witnessing signatures
and squabbling in law-courts ; but they are landmarks,
however insignificant, and must serve where more stimu-
lating records are absent.

The following petition gives one a vivid glimpse of the
perilous times in which Sir Matthew lived, when almost
every day brought a fresh alarm, if it did not, as in this
case, actually bring disaster. The petition is by the second
Matthew, who explains that when his grandfather (Mat-
thew, the first) was one of the King's coroners in the
county of Lancaster, the Scots came to his manor of
Yealand Redmane and took from him all his goods and
chattels, as well as the Rolls of his office of coroner, and
committed Yealand Redmane and all the country to the
flames. The petitioner expresses the pious aspiration that
the King will not be incommoded at the time of the Eyres
by the loss of these stolen Rolls, and assures him that
his grandfather, the coroner, was not to blame in the
matter.

32 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

A nre seinr le Roi et a soiin counseil prie soun liege vadlet Maheu
de Redmane si lui plest que come Mons Maheu de Redmane son
A el que dieux assoille qi heir fut un des coroners le Roi en le
comite de Lancastr graunt temps dedens quen temps les Escos
venierunt en le dit comite de Lancastr ces est — au manor de Yeland
Redmane qe fut au dit Mons Maheu et qeest en Lonesdale en le dit
comite, pristerunt de lui toutz ses biens et chatteuz ensemblement
oue toutz les Roules tochanz I'office de Coronner et arderunt la dite
ville et tout le pays entour parquoi le dit Maheu prie la grace nre
seignr le Roi qil ne soit empeche en temps de Heyr pur les Roules
avantdits desicome tout le pays set le mischief et qe la defaute qe
les Rules furent perdutz ne fut la defaute de Coronner. (Ancient
Petitions, Bundle 136, No. 6799.)

In connection with this Petition Colonel Parker writes
(Lancashire Assize Rolls, Pt. i., p. 10 of Introduction) : —
** As Matthew Redman, the grandfather, died before 1254
and Henry, his son and successor, lived until the autumn
of 1278, the absence of the coroner's Rolls seems to have
passed unheeded for many years, and the Justices in Eyre
during that period must have overlooked them. In 1292,
however, the Justices held a very strict enquiry into every
detail connected with the county and to this we probably
owe the above petition."

Perhaps the most interesting event in Matthew's life to
the student of Redman history was his marriage to
Amabel, who brought as dower lands in Dreg and Carle-
ton in Cumberland, which, with her assent, he gave to
Furness Abbey. ** Ego Matheus de Redman, voluntati et
assensu Amabilie uxoris mce, dedi Deo et beatae Marie de
Furnesia, terram meam de Dreg et de Karlton, quam
accepi in liberum maritagium cum prefata Amabilia,
sponsa mea." (Beck's Annalcs Furnesienscs Ixxx.)

In Farrer's Lancashire Fines, Pt. i., pp. 71-2, I find the
following fine: — At Lancaster, on the morrow of the
Ascension of Our Lord, 19 Henry III (i8th May, 1235).

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 33

Between Robert, Abbot of Furneys, plaintiff, and Mat-
thew de Redman and Amabel, his wife, impedients, re-
specting the fourth part of the manors of Carleton and
Dreg, with the appurtenances. A plea of warranty of
charter had been summoned between them. Matthew
and Amabel acknowledged the fourth part of these manors
to be the right of the abbot, and of his church of ffurneys,
as that which he and his church have of their gift ; to
hold to him and his successors, and to his church in per-
petuity, performing to the chief lords of that fee for
Matthew and Amabel, and Amabel's heirs, forinsec service
belonging to that fourth part, for all service and exaction.
And Matthew and Amabel and the heirs of Amabel will
warrant the said fourth part to the Abbot and his suc-
cessors, and to his church, by the said service. For this
acknowledgment the Abbot gave them forty marks of
silver.

Who was Amabel ? This is a question which provides
ample scope for interesting speculation and divergent
opinion. Mr. Farrer, who speaks on such matters with
authority, says in a note on page 72 of his Lancashire Fuie&,
Part i. : — ** I have not been able to discover the parentage
of Amabel. These manors (Carleton and Dreg) were
members of the Stutevill fee in Cumberland, which Joan,
daughter and co-heiress of Nicholas de Stutevill, lord of
Liddel, conveyed by marriage to Hugh Wake. Amabel
was probably a Greystock or a Harrington, as these
families had held the two manors between them temp.
Henry III. and Edward I."

According to John Denton, ** William, the son of

Thomas de Graystoke and the Lady Adingham in Four-

ness, in the tenth year of Edward I. (1282) held a knight's

fee between them in Dregg; and in the twenty-ninth

34 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Edward I. (1301) the Abbot of Caldre, Patrick Culwen,
and the Lady Margaret Multon held Dregg of John de
Graystock, and of John, the son of Robert Harrington,
and they over of John Wake."

Here then we have, if we accept Denton's authority,
lands in Drigg (to use its modern name) and Carleton in
the hands of both Greystokes and Harringtons, but in
both cases at a time when both Matthew arid Amabel had
long been dead. It is probable, however, that the Grey-
stoke interest in these manors was of a much earlier date
than that assigned by Denton. William de Greystoke
(son of Ranulf), who died in 1209, wed Helwise de Stute-
ville, the only alliance between these two great north-
country families ; and it is not improbable that it was this
union that brought Stuteville lands into the family of
Greystoke. It is suggestive, too, to note, since we are
endeavouring to discover Amabel Redman's identity, that
William de Greystoke who married Helwise de Stuteville,
was the son of an Amabel, and was not unlikely to give
this name to a daughter. The following pedigree will
perhaps make this point more clear : —

Ranulf^Amabbl.
son of Walter.

William db Grbystoke=:Hblwisb db Stutbvillb.
d. in 1209. I

I
Thomas =3 Mary, dau. of Amabbl(?)

d. in 1247. Robert de Vipont.

(Article on the Greystokes by the Rev. James Wilson,
M.A., in the Ancestor, vol. vi.).

It is thus quite conceivable that Amabel, wife of Mat-
thew de Redman, was a daughter of William de Greystoke
and Helwise ; in which case both the name and the
dower-lands would be intelligible.

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 35

If she were a Stuteville (and after much thought on the
subject my own speculation leans strongly to the Grey-
stoke identification) she was probably a daughter of
Nicholas de Stuteville, and aunt of Joan who married
Hugh le Wake, of Blisworth, and from whom the " Fair
Maid of Kent " and her son, King Richard II., directly
derived their descent.

Which of these two suggested identifications is correct
is a point which will possibly never be satisfactorily
decided ; but that Amabel was either a Greystoke or a
Stuteville seems reasonably certain.

Amabel outlived her husband, and after her death had
a legal dispute with Henry de Redman, Matthew's heir.
There is a petition by Amabel (the date of which is not
given) to have a special Court to take the Assize of Novel
disseisin, brought by her against Henry de Redman,
Roger de Cornthwayt and others concerning tenements in
Yeland. Amabel describes herself as " Amabel q fu la
femme maheu de Redman gest du Comtee de Westm*^,"
which had lately been burnt and destroyed by the Scots,
so that she cannot live there ; and because the Justices of
Assize so rarely come to those parts, she asks for a special
Court, to consist of Edmund de Nevill, Adam de Skelton,
Gilbert de Syngelton, and Robert de Shyreburne, " ou
deux de eux."

Matthew appears to have died during his period of office
as Sheriff in 1248, or very soon after — at least before
Ascension Day, 1254, when his son Henry appears as
owner of Levens. He had four sons and two daughters
at least: — Henry, his heir; Ingram and Randle, who
occur in 1254 ^ls sons of Matthew de Redman ; Nicholas,
who appears in 1277-8 in a suit with the Abbot of Cocker-
sand ; and Juliana and Agnes, who also occur in 1254.

36 REDMAN'S OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

His arms appear in the Roll of Henry III., known as

Glover's Roll (1243-6), — de goules trots horetkn

(cushions) d*or.

Henry II.

Of the second Henry the Records tell us little. He ap-
pears to have led a singularly retired and uneventful life^
in striking contrast to the Redmans who came before and
after him. In 1267 — at least thirteen and possibly nine-
teen years after his father's death — he received a grant of
free warren in Levens, Yealand, and Trenterne.

Rex concessit Henrico de Redman liberam warennam in omnibas
dominicis terns de Lyvenes, Yeland et Trenterne in Com' Lane* et
Westm'land. (Dodsworth MSS. 159 f. 181).

In the same year (12th June, 1267) he received an
exceptional mark of favour from Henry HI., in whose
** good books '* he must have been, in the form of an
exemption from the duty of serving on assizes, juries, &c.,
and of filling the offices of sheriff, coroner, eschaetor, &c.,
for life. (Patent Roll, 51 Hen. III., m. 15.) This
exemption from holding prominent public offices no doubt
accounts for Henry's rare appearances in the records of
his time.

He was probably but a child when the headship of his
family fell to him, and though he certainly held it for
more than twenty years, there is little to record of him
beyond the facts that he lived, married, and died. In the
last year of his life he was a defendant, on June 22nd,
1278, in a case at Appleby Assizes ; and on the 22nd of the
following September his case against Roger de Lancaster

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 37

was struck out because he was then dead, " eo quod pre-
dictus Henricus obiit " (Assize Roll, 1238 m. 13).

That he had a son and heir, Matthew, is conclusively
proved, as will be seen later under Sir Matthew II. ; and
it is probable that he had also another son, Henry, for in
1300 we find among the benefactors of Cockersand Abbey
the name of ** Henry, son of Henry de Redman" (MSS.
of W. C. Strickland, Esq., of Sizergh). It may be the
same Henry who appears on the roll of Humphrey de
Bohun, Earl of Essex and Hereford, containing the
proffers of military service made at Carlisle : —

Dominus Johannes, Baro de Greystock, recognovit et offert set-
vicium duorum foederum militum et dimidium, fac' per Henricum
Redman, Ad' de Colewell &c cum v equis co-opertis. (Palgrave's
Documents Illustrating the Affairs of Scotland^ p. 209.)

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 39

Henry III. in 1267, "by which the King granted to
Henry de Redman, father of the said Matthew, whose
heir he is, that he and his heirs for ever shall have free
warren in all his lands in Levens, Yealand, and Trenterne
in the Counties of Lancashire and Westmorland. (Placita
de quo warranto, 20 Edw. I.)

In 1292 he was engaged in a little legal dispute with
a distant cousin who charged him with appropriating a
wood in Yealand Coniers which she claimed. The follow-
ing is a resume of the case as given in Lancashire Assize
Roll 410 m. 5 (20 Edw. I.)

The dispute was as to whether Matthew de Redman
had unjustly disseised Isolda, late wife of William de
Croft, of her freehold in Yeland Coygners — a wood, &c.
Matthew comes and says that he and one Robert de
Coygners hold the said wood and he asks for judgment.

Isolda says that one William de Lancaster was lord
of the vill of Yeland Coigners and Yeland Redmayn,
which William gave to the ancestors of the said Mat-
thew, Yeland-Redmayn, and to the ancestors of the
said Robert de Coigners, Yeland-Coyners, except the
said wood, which he gave to one Adam de Yeland,
and of which Adam died seized. After his death one
Alice entered as daughter and heir and enfeoffed the
said Isolda, who was so seized until Matthew unjustly
disseised her ; and she says that the said Robert neither
had nor claimed any interest in the said wood except
what Gilbert, his bailiff, took. Matthew won the verdict ;
whereupon Isolda, unwilling to accept defeat, applied for
and obtained a jury of twenty-four on the ground that the
jury of twelve made a false oath. But the ungallant two
dozen confirmed the verdict of the dozen, and Isolda lost
her case.

40 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Three years later Sir Matthew entered on a long period
of varied activities, the story of which is revealed largely
by Parliamentary Writs and Writs of Military Summons,
and which must have left him little time for the amenities
of life. In 1294 he was Knight of the Shire for Cumber-
land, and was also engaged, with John de Cornubia, in
assessing and levying tenths of moveables granted to King
Edward I. to help him to pay the expenses of his numer-
ous and costly wars (Pat. Rolls, 22 Ed. I.). In the
following year, 1295, we find Sir Matthew, who had been
returned Knight of the Shire for Lancashire, faring forth
on his long ride to Westminster, to the Parliament sum-
moned to sit ** on Sunday next before the feast of St.
Martin (the 13th of November) and prorogued to the
second Sunday after. His fellow knight was John de
Ewyas, Lord of the Manor of Samlesbury, in the parish
of Blackburn.

It is interesting to note that the name of Sir Matthew
Redman is the very first on the long roll of members sent
by the County of Lancashire to Parliament. It is true
that the return of knights summoned to Parliament by
writ commenced thirty years earlier ; but no original re-
turn made by the Sheriff for this county is found among
the records until 1295. On this occasion Sir Matthew's
sureties, who guaranteed that he *' would come on the day
contained in the writ,'* were his kinsman Thomas, son of
Thomas de Yeland, Thomas FitzHall, WiUiam FitzAdam
and William, son of Dake. (Baines's History of Lan-
cashire, i., 91.)

When one considers the long journey from these northern
counties to Westminster, — a journey which under favour-
able conditions must have taken at least a week, — and the
risk of unpleasant encounters with bands of robbers on

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 41

the way, the payment of four shillings a day which the
Knight of the Shire received, could scarcely be regarded
as an extravagant honorarium.

In 1297 Sir Matthew de Redman was summoned to
appear with horses and arms at a Military Council held in
London by the Prince of Wales, who was acting as his
father's deputy during the latter's absence in Flanders ;
but he does not appear to have stayed long in the south,
for a little later in the year more active employment was
found for the Lancashire Knight. He was discharged
from attendance at the Council and ordered to proceed
forthwith to Scotland, in company with John de Lancas-
ter, Robert de Clifford and others, to join the forces under
John de Warrenne, Earl of Surrey and Sussex.

Warrenne, it will be recalled, entered Scotland at this
time with an army of forty thousand men, bent on break-
ing the power of Wallace once for all ; but he had counted
without his enemy, and was defeated at Cambuskenneth,
near Stirling. In this battle, and the subsequent retreat
into England, it is more than probable that Sir Matthew
took a part.

In this same year he appears to have been Warden of
the Castle of Dumfries, for in this character he is mentioned
in the Index to Petitions to the King in Council; and that
he spent some time in his own part of the country is
evidenced by his witnessing two grants, one of Skelsmergh
by William de Lancaster (III) to Robert de Leyburne,
and the other, a grant of lands at Old Hutton and Holme-
scales, by John de Culwen to Patric de Culwen, his
brother.

In 1299 our knight was busy, with Robert de Clifford,
defending the marches ; for the Scots, in spite of their
crushing defeat at Falkirk the year before, had soon

42 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND flAREWOOD.

plucked up courage again and were already raiding our
northern counties. Military employment was still filling
Sir Matthew's days in 1300, when he was Commissioner
of Array in two counties, Lancashire and Westmorland.
In the former county, in conjunction with Rpbert de
Holond, he raised two thousand footmen to serve against
the Scots in defence of the border-counties, which Ed-
ward's retiring army had left at their mercy. (Pat. Rolls,
28 Edw. I.)

While Matthew was away on the King's service in 1301
some evil-disposed persons had taken a mean advantage
of his absence by destroying a mill belonging to him at
Lupton ; a proceeding which roused his indignation and
led to the Commission of Oyer and Terminer disclosed by
the Patent Rolls of this year. Three years later (April,
1304) Sir Matthew was Warden and Sheriff of Dumfries,
with his son Adam as his " valettus," and in this capacity
a complaint was laid against him of oppression (Docts.
relating to Scotland).

In 1305 he accompanied Sir Henry de Percy to Scotland
on the King's service. He had for companions John and
Thomas de Tunstall, and was possibly engaged on some
diplomatic service ; and in 1306-7 he raised three hundred
men of Westmorland, chiefly in his own district of Ken*
dal, " to pursue Robert Bruce," on whom the mantle of
Wallace's patriotism had fallen, with more than Wallace's
luck.

The year 1307 was no restful one for this energetic
Redman knight. Part of it he spent in legislative duties
at Northampton, as knight of the shire for Lancashire.
From Northampton he was sent post-haste to keep watch
and ward again over the Marches ; and in addition to
these activities he was a conservator of the peace for his

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 43

native county, Westmorland, as well as one of its magis-
trates.

The next year found him equally busy. He was em-
ployed in raising and leading Lancashire troops and in
defending the Marches once more against the Scots, who
under Bruce's skilful handling were becoming more than
ever a menace. He was also one of the Justices appointed
for Lancaster to hear complaints of prizes taken contrary
to the Statute of Stamford.

The Scots furnished liberal employment again for Mat-
thew in 1310, when Edward H. appointed ** our beloved
and faithful Robert de Leyburn, Matthew de Redman,
and the sheriff of Lancashire," to raise three hundred
foot-soldiers in Lancashire, whom Matthew was to lead to
Berwick, where the King then was with his army, in order
" to set out thence with us against the hostile and rebel-
lious Scots." He was also in this year a commissioner
for the conservancy of the peace.

The next year saw him again raising troops in Lanca-
shire and leading them off to Scotland. A Matthew
Redman figures among Clifford's knights on the Border in
131 1, in company with Nicholas de Vipont, Thomas de
Mounteney and others. It is scarcely likely, however,
that a man of Sir Matthew's age and military eminence
would be serving on the staff of another knight engaged in
small border frays ; and it is more probable that here we
have another Redman who may conceivably have been the
third Matthew, son of the knight we are considering.
Clifford's small force, which numbered but fifty lances,
was engaged in a scrimmage " apud Faringley," just over
the Border, and ten knights and as many troopers lost their
mounts. (Exchequer accounts, 14-15.)
In 1313 Sir Matthew was returned Knight of the Shire

44 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

for Westmorland, and obtained his writ " de expensis " for
attending Parliament at Westminster in July ; and we find
him back again on legislative duty in London in the fol-
lowing September. He seems to have taken an active part
with the Earl of Lancaster and other nobles and knights
in getting rid, once for all, of Edward's insolent favourite,
Piers de Gaveston. He was probably in that army of
Lancaster which chased Edward and his offensive friend
from York to Newcastle, and from Newcastle to Scar-
borough, where the young Gascon surrendered himself a
prisoner — the prelude to the loss of his head at Warwick
Castle. Matthew's name figures in the list of the Earl of
Lancaster's adherents who, in 1313, were pardoned " for
their participation in the death of Gaveston and the dis-
turbance occasioned thereby."

It is possible that in the following year (1314) he took
part in the famous battle of Bannockburn, in which Bruce
so signally defeated an English army more than three
times as large as his own, and thus secured independence
for Scotland and an assured throne for himself. The
name of Matthew Redman figures in the Scotch Roll, 7
Edward II. in a list of knights who were fighting in Scot-
land under Clifford in this year — but again doubt assails
us as to his identity with the second Sir Matthew. It
should perhaps be explained that at this time there were
living three Matthew Redmans all capable of bearing arms;
the Sir Matthew we are writing of, his heir and name-
sake, and a third Matthew who died in Cumberland in
1356. There are thus obviously occasions like this on
which it is unwise to be too precise in identification. In
this year of Bannockburn he was in the commission of the
peace for Westmorland.

For the next four years he seems to have been resting

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 45

on his laurels ; and in fact he only once more emerges,
with any certainty, in a military character, when, in 1318,
he was empowered, with others, to " raise all subjects, be-
tween the ages of twenty and sixty, capable of bearing
arms in the county of Westmorland.**

In 1324 a Matthew de Redman was returned " as man-
at-arms by the sheriff of Westmorland pursuant to writ
tested at Westminster, 9th May, as sunmioned by pro-
clamation to attend the great Council at Westminster after
Ascension Day, 30th May *' ; and again in the same year
a Matthew was one of the jurors on the inquisition on
Ingelram de Gynes ; but it is impossible to identify these
Matthews with this second Redman knight of the name,
whose active career had probably come to an end some
years earlier.

Sir Matthew makes many appearances in the records in
characters perhaps less interesting than those so far con-
sidered. He was engaged as defendant, with Henry, his
son, in a suit brought by Walter de Strickland : —

Appelby, 2 January, i3cx)-i.
Walter de Stirkeland v. Matthew de Redmane, Henry, his son,
Henry, son of Robert and David, his brother, re obstruction of a
way in Lupton. Matthew and Henry, his son, appear & say that
Strickland's holding is in Helsington, and not in Lupton. Strick-
land, however, obtained his verdict. (A.R., 1321, m. 14 dorso.)

In 1318 the Close Rolls disclose "an order to cause a
tally of the Exchequer to be levied in the names of
Matthew de Redman and John de Cornubia, collectors of
the loth and 6th granted to the late King by the com-
munity of the realm, for the arrears of their account in
the possession of Adam de Redmane, for the arrears of
wages of William de Redmane, his brother, now deceased,
of whose will he is executor " ; Matthew was directed to

46 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

pay the arrears. The Adam and William Redman here
mentioned were Sir Matthew's younger sons.

In 1296 we find two charters of William de Camberton
made to Matthew de Redman and Goditha, his wife, of his
lands in Camberton and Dymouthe (Workington). (Placit.
Abbr., 24 Edw. I.) These charters disclose the name of
Matthew's wife, who was not improbably William's daugh-
ter. William de Camberton was a member of the family of
Camberton who derived their descent, through Orme, from
the old barons of Kendal and (although on this point there
is a divergence of opinion) from Ivo de Tailbois, Count of
Anjou, whose wife was Lucia, daughter of Algar, Earl of
Mercia and sister of Edwin and Morcar, the historic earls.
Through Gunilda, Orme's wife, there is a distinguished
descent for the Cambertons from King Ethelred 11. and
from Malcolm II,, King of Scotland.

Matthew had, in addition to his successor of the same
name, at least three sons, (i) Henry, (2) Adam, and (3)
William, with the latter two of whom the next chapter
deals. As to Henry, I cannot do better than quote Colonel
Parker's views : —

I am not at all sure that Henry did not succeed his father Matthew.
The first note of Matthew III. is his summons to Westminster in
1324. Six years later his son, the fourth Matthew, was bom.
Whether Henry succeeded and died between 1319 and 1324 may
never be discovered ; but his widow, Mariota (styled Maria), was
seized of a tenement in " Lupton in Levenes " in 1334, which was
claimed by John de Birton (A.R., 1364, m. 9) ; and on her death,
about 1359, this property, described as i messuage and 9 oxgangs,
&c., passed to Matthew III. (Patent Roll, 33 Ed. III.)

Sir Matthew (II.) probably died in 1319, in which year,
on the evidence of the Close Rolls, the Sheriff of Lan-
caster was ordered to cause a coroner to be elected for
that county in place of Matthew de Redman, deceased.

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CHAPTER VI.

Yealand.

THE appearance on the scene of Adam, Sir Matthew's
second son, affords an appropriate opportunity of
reviewing and finally closing the chapter of Yealand, and
especially the Redman connection with that manor.

As we have already seen, on the death of Adam d'Av-
ranches, Yealand appears to have descended in equal
moieties to his two sons, (i) Roger, who continued the
senior Yealand line and the name, and (2) Norman, who
founded the collateral family of Redman. Let us dispose
of the senior section first, and as briefly as possible. Of
Roger, Norman's brother, litttle seems to be known. As
Roger de Yelland he was one of the witnesses to Gilbert
Fitz Reinfrid's grant of Levens to his nephew, Henry de
Redman ; and, as mentioned before, he was a grantor of
lands in Yealand to Cockersand Abbey sometime between
1 190 and 1205. He probably survived his brother Norman
more than twenty years, dying sometime before 1207.

Roger's son, Sir Adam de Yealand, was sheriff of Lan-
cashire 1227-32 (Baines's Lancashire, vol. i., 58) ; and in
12 16 he was commanded to deliver to the constable of
Chester immediate possession of Lancaster Castle, with
the county and all its appurtenances, to ward during the
Royal pleasure (Rot. Lit. Pat. 17 John m. 9 & m. 3) ; and
in the following month the King committed the castle of
Robert de Gresley of ** Mainecestr' " with all its appurten-
ances, and all the said Robert's lands within Lyme, to

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 49

Adam, to hold during the King's pleasure (Ibid. m. 9). Sir
Adam had two younger brothers, Nicholas and Robert. In
14 John (Feb. 12), there was a grant from King John to
Philip de Ulest of certain lands, among the witnesses to
which were Adam de Yeland and Nicholas and Robert his
brothers (Charter Roll, 14 John m. 2). There are several
grants in the Close Rolls to these two brothers of Adam,
who seem to have been of the King's personal retinue.
Nicholas survived Robert, and in 1227 had a grant of the
custody of his lands and heir (Cal. Pat. Rolls, Hy. III).
This was probably the Nicholas de Yelaund who held one-
and-a-half fees of Nigel de Munbray in Welford, in Nor-
thampton (Red Book of Exchequer).

On Sir Adam's death this moiety of Yealand went to
Alice, his daughter and heiress, who wed Robert de Con-
yers. Alice and her husband were co-plaintiffs with
Matthew de Redman in a suit against Thomas de Bethum,
re right of common in " Yholand."

" The defendant exacts common in plaintiff^s land, while
they have none in his, nor does he make suit for this right.
Defendant says that his ancestors since the Conquest, and
for time without mind, have wont to common in the lands
of the Ancestors of Alice and Matthew in the said vill, with-
out any reciprocal rights. Later, he says he has never
commoned in plaintiffs land, that put in view being as
much his own ground as plaintiff^s; but none of them
knows his own separate part as the land has never been
divided up between them." (Lancashire Assize Rolls, 30-31
Henry III., m. 12 — Colonel Parker — p. 47). It was Isolda,
daughter of Alice and Robert de Conyers, who had the
legal dispute with Sir Mathew de Redman described ante-
p. 37. But with the transfer of this moiety of Yealand

to the Conyers family our immediate interest in it ceases.

50 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

The Redman moiety of Yealand descended from fatta
to heir until, as we have seen, it fell to Adam, second soi
of Matthew II., who in 1327 had a grant of free-warre
in his lands of Yealand (Cal. Rot. Chart.) Adam, who i
described as the " King's Yeoman," probably held soBO
Court appointment. In 1327 we find (Close Rolls, fl|{
Edw. III.) an order to John de Lancaster, keeper of cei
lands in the King's hands in the county of Lancaster,
pay Adam Redman, the King's yeoman, ;f 100 out of
issue of the said lands, to be brought by him to the
and to be delivered to Robert de Wodehous, keeper of
wardrobe.

In the same year (Pat. Rolls) appears a grant to A
de Redman, King's yeoman, for service to John de El
Earl of Cornwall, the King's brother, that he shall
for life rent-free the custody of the lands in " Tibbeie
Runnerthwayt," Co. Westmorland, of the lands in
levyngton and Kirk Andres." (There was a confirma
of this grant in 1331.)

His brother William had died several years earlier,
in 1 3 18 we find Adam acting as his executor and there
a direction for the payment of arrears of William's
(Close Rolls, II Edw. II.)

In 1328 the sheriff of Westmorland was ordered to
into the King's hands lands in Tybay and Ronnerth
and deliver them to Robert de Sandford, to whom the
King, in the seventeenth year of his reign, granted cu
for seven years, and afterwards granted the same to
de Redeman during pleasure. (Close Rolls, 21 Edw: I
In 1 33 1 Adam acknowledges that he owes to Robert
Sandford five marks to be levied in default on his chattriil
and lands in Co. Westmorland ; and, seven years lalei(
he too was sleeping with his forefathers, for on Februil|

52 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Thus, nearly two centuries after Yealand was granted to
Adam d'Avranches by William de Lancaster, the moiety
which descended to Adam Redman's offspring passed into
other hands ; and the other moiety had long passed from
the Yealands to the Conyers ; but to this day the separate
moieties bear the names respectively, of Yealand Redmayne
and Yealand Conyers, in memory of their owners of so
many centuries ago.

CHAPTER VII.

Sir Matthew III., Governor of Carlisle Castle.

rpHE third Matthew, who now comes on the scene,
J- does not seem to have played quite as prominent a
part as his father on the stage of his time, although he
shirked none of the responsibihties of his position. He
ventured beyond seas to fight for his King, he was usefully
employed in keeping the Scots in check, sat in Parliament
for one county, was sheriff of another, and filled one of the
most anxious and responsible of military positions as
governor of the castle of Carlisle.

In 1325 he was a juror on the inquisition post mortem
of Robert de Clifford, one of his father's comrades in
arms ; and six years later we find him embarking for Ire-
land with Anthony de Lucy, whose widow, Joan, his son
Matthew was to marry many years later. On this journey
he had for companion, a kinsman, Roger de Redmayne,
(Pat. Rolls, Edw. III.)

In 1337, when Edward III. began to pour his soldiers
into France to enforce his absurd claim to the crown of
that country, Matthew was among the knights to whom
protection was granted on going beyond seas with William
de Bohun, Earl of Northampton (Pat. Rolls, Edw. III).
Bohun was one of Edward's sturdiest warriors, and we
may be sure that if Matthew had not all the fighting he
desired during the next few years, it was not the fault of
his leader.

54 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

It is not until some years later that our knight emerges
into view after his spell of warfare on the Continent. In
1344 ^^ ^'^s back again in his own country ; for in that
year Edward appointed him " receiver and guardian of all
the King's stores of victuals which were then at Carlisle "
(Abbr. Rot. Orig., vol. ii., p. 165) ; and in the same year
the responsible duty was added of seeing that no supplies
reached the Scots from any port in Cumberland and
Westmorland.

The climax of his career as a soldier was reached in
1359, the year before his death, when we find a letter of
the King addressed to the Bishop of Carlisle on the subject
of receiving the oath of Sir Matthew de Redman on ap-
pointment to the offices of sheriff of Cumberland and
governor of Carlisle Castle (Hist. MSS. Com. 9th Report
p. 191).

These military records are tantalizing in their scantiness;
but it does not require much imagination to see that in a
fighting career which covered twenty years of one of the
most bellicose periods in our histor}-, including the great
battle at Crecy, Matthew must have seen enough fighting
even to satisfy the warlike enthusiasm of an early Redman.
. Sir Matthew appears in the Records in many other
characters, of a peaceful nature. About 1344 ^^ ^^*^s wit-
ness to a grant by Sir Walter Strickland to his son John,
of lands in Whinfell and elsewhere ; and in 1351 John de
Nyandsergh granted to Matthew all his lands and tene-
ments, (S:c., of Nyandsergh (the present Ninezergh, which
is about half-a-mile south of Levens Hall). Among the
witnesses to this grant were Richard de Preston, his
neighbour, and Thomas de Redman. Five years later he
witnessed a grant by Ralph, son of John de Palton, to
Ronald de Thornburgh, of lands in Slcddall in the vill of

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 55

Stirklanketill (His. MSS. Com. Report 10, pt. 4) ; and in
1358 William, son of Thomas de Icconshaw, appointed
Thomas Banes as his attorney to deliver possession, in his
name, of his tenement of the Holehows to Sir Matthew de
Redemane, knight (Dods. MSS. 159 fo. 159b).

Sir Matthew's parliamentary work seems to have come
late in life, for it was only in 1358, two years before the
end came, that he was elected a knight of the shire for
Westmorland. In the following year (1359) Matthew de
Redeman and Margaretha, his wife, gave twenty marks for
the custody of the manor of Twysleton, which belonged to
John de Tw^^sleton, and for the marriage of his daughters
(Grossi Fines, p. 256). This little transaction, unimportant
as it may seem, had far-reaching consequences ; for it is
exceedingly likely that in the alliance of one or more of
Matthew's sons with the daughter or daughters of John of
Twisleton, the colony of Redmans which flourished for
three centuries in the district of Thornton-in- Lonsdale had
its origin.

There is no difficulty in identifying Margaret, Matthew's
wife, as the widow of Hugh de Moriceby — in fact she is
specifically identified for us in the following entry in the
Patent Rolls (33 Edw. HI., pt. i, m. 3) : — "Matthew de
Redman and Margaret, his wife, late wife of Hugh de
Moriceby." I am indebted for the following interesting
Moriceby notes to the courtesy of the Rev. James Wilson,
M.A., the learned editor of the Victoria County Histories of
Cumberland and Westmorland : —

(i) Hugh de Moriceby died in January, 1348-9, leaving Christopher
(of full age) his heir. (Inq. p. m. 22 Edw. III. ist nos. 32). As
he held Brahanthwayt jointly with Margaret, his wife — was she
an Ireby, of Ireby ? Embleton and Brackenthwaite were held
by the Ireby s early in the 14th century. The suggestion is, of
course, conjectural.

56 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

(2) Christopher, son of Hugh and Margaret, was in possession in
1355 (Inq. p. m. 28 Edw. III. 2nd nos. 4), and died in 1370, leav-
ing his son Christopher his heir, a lad of 12 years (Inq. p. m. 44
Edw. III. ist nos. 42).

(3) Margaret, who is styled as formerly the wife of Hugh de
Moriceby, died in May, 1374, leaving Christopher, son of her son
Christopher, as her heir. (Inq. p. m. 48 Edw. HI., ist nos. 49).

From these most useful references it is clear that Mar-
garet, whose first husband, Hugh de Moriceby, died in
Januarys 1348-9, could not have been the mother of Mat-
thew's heir, who was born in 1330 ; and thus she was not
Matthew's first wife. Her marriage to Redman could
scarcely have taken place before 1350, at which time she
had a son of full age.

This third Sir Matthew's will was proved in April, 1360,
at Carlisle. In it, after commending his soul to God and
to the blessed Mary, and all saints, and directing that his
body should be buried in St. Peter's Church, Heversham,
he leaves his personal estate to his wife Margaret, with
power to dispose of it as she willed after her death. He
appoints as executors Christopher and Hugh de Moriceby,
both probably sons of Margaret, and his own stepsons.
(See Appendix).

The village of Heversham is but a mile or two south of
Levens, Sir Matthew's Westmorland home ; and it was
also in Heversham Church that Sir William Redman, of
Hare wood, was buried nearly a century and a quarter later.

Four years before the death of this third Sir Matthew,
of Levens, there died another Redman of the name of
Matthew, of Carlisle, whose connection with the main line
I have been unable to discover. By his will, after leaving
certain legacies to the church and to his brother-in-law,
Robert D'Eyncourt, he bequeathed his personal estate, in-
cluding money owed to him by William, Baron Greystoke,
to his wife Emmot. (See Appendix).

CHAPTER VIII.

Sir Matthew IV., Governor of Roxburgh and

Berwick.

rpHE fourth of these knightly Matthews was no less
-*- valorous than his predecessors, while the range and
prominence of his activities were even greater than theirs.
Wherever hard blows were to be exchanged, whether in
distant Spain or on the family fighting ground, the Border,
his stout arm could alwavs be relied on. He raised armies
and led them gallantly ; he was governor of important
castles; he proclaimed truce to the King's enemies, and
conducted delicate negotiations with them. And what
time he was able to sheathe his sword, he filled the peace-
ful offices of sheriff and knight of the shire with credit,
and even found odd hours for the less exalted, but useful
work of a magistrate in three counties.

Sir Matthew appears to have made his presence as a
fighter felt on the Continent early in the sixties of this
fourteenth century; for in 1362, when King John of France
was handing over the hostages in the custody of his son,
the Dauphin, he refused point-blank to surrender Matthew
de Redman, " who has inflicted much damage on the said
Duchy (Burgundy) ; and him we do not desire to be in
any way included in our present quittance."

For some years after this enforced residence in F" ranee
the records yield little evidence of Matthew's military'
activity, but in 1370 he appears to have been with the

58 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

army of Sir Robert Knolles who, a little later, swept the
whole of the northern provinces of France, from Calais to
the walls of Paris {Foedera, vol. iv., p. 899). Three years
later Sir Matthew was at the Court of the King of Portu-
gal, probably on some diplomatic mission ; and in the
same year (1373) we find him taking part under John of
Gaunt, in France, in that disastrous campaign which
resulted in Edward III. finding himself stripped of almost
all his ancient f)ossessions, except Bordeaux and Bayonne,
and of all his conquests save Calais.

During this campaign Sir Matthew had the narrowest
escape from capture by the French and Burgundians, at
Ouchy le Chasteau, near Soissons, when foraging in com-
pany with Thomas Lord Archer, Sir Thomas Spencer, and
other knights. Two years later, when a truce was con-
cluded with France, Sir Matthew was ordered by the King
to proclaim it in Brittany (Rymer's Foedera iii., p. ii., p.
1034). In 1376 the good genius who had rescued him
from the clutches of the French at Ouchy le Chasteau
seems to have deserted him ; for we learn from the Rolls
of Parliament (ii., 343 a.) that he was taken prisoner, and,
unable to redeem himself, was compelled to ask Parliament
to petition for his release.

In 1379, when his sword was no longer needed in France
or Spain, where he seems to have spent several years in
incessant fighting, chiefly under John of Gaunt, he was
appointed, with Roger de Clifford, joint- warden of the
West Marches and commanded to hasten, with all despatch,
to the defence of Carlisle (Hot. Scot. v. 2., pp. 21, &c.);
and he was one of several commissioners (including his
fellow-warden, Clifford, John dc Harrington, Hugh de
Dacre, and other knights) empowered *' to array and equip
with arms all the men in Cumberland capable of defending

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 59

it, so as to resist hostile invasion and the destruction of
the EngHsh tongue, with power to compel people to con-
tribute thereto'' (Pat. Rolls Ric. II.).

Amid all the bustle and responsibility of these Border
duties. Sir Matthew, who seems to have been tender of heart
as well as stout of arm, found time for acts of friendliness
and charity ; for on the 26th September of this year (1379)
the King, Richard II., at Matthew's supplication, pardoned
Thomas de Denethwayt for slaying one Elias Addison on
the Sunday before St. Mark's day ; and in the following
March he offered himself as one of the pledges for Thomas
de Catreton, who, whilst keeper of the castle of St. Sauveur
in Normandy, was charged with a treacherous betrayal of
his trust in surrendering it to the French for money (Pat.
Rolls, Ric. IL).

A few days later more work was thrust into Sir Matthew's
willing and capable hands ; for, with Roger de Clifford, he
was empowered to compel, by distress and imprisonment
if necessary, all lay persons having lands and rents of in-
heritance in the counties of Cumberland and Westmorland
of the value of one hundred marks and upwards, to remain
upon them ; and also to see that all the castles and
fortalices within three or four leagues of the frontier are
fortfied, repaired, suitably manned, and provisioned (Pat.
Rolls, Ric. II.).

One might reasonably think that Sir Matthew's time
was at last fully occupied with these manifold duties ; but
as the busy man always seems to have the most leisure, so
he added to his activities magisterial duties in Cumberland
and Northumberland. In 1381, in addition to being ap-
pointed sheriff of the county, he was entrusted with the
responsible post of governor or captain of Roxburgh,
'' from the ist of May," in succession to the Earl of Nor-

6o REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

thumberland ; and we find protection granted " for John
Gregoty, chaplain, going to Scotland under Matthew de
Redmane, warden of the castle of Roxburgh." By an
ordinance of the same date he was appointed sheriff of the
county of Roxburgh. (See Appendix).

In this year, too, although it is possible that Grafton
has assigned a wrong date to the incident, he seems to
have been for a time captain of Berwick ; and in this
capacity he had the audacity to turn away the redoubtable
John of Gaunt and his army from the gates.

In the 4 Richard II (1381), Grafton says: —

Sir Mathew Redmayn, Captain of Berwicke, refused to allow the
Duke of Lancaster into the town. The Duke of Lancaster and his
people went to Barwike wenyng to the Duke to have entered into
the towne, for when he passed that way, he left all his provision
behind him. But the capteyne of the towne, Sir Mathew Redmayn,
dcnyed him to enter, and closed in the gates against him and his^
saying he was so commanded by the Erie of Northumberland ; and
when the Duke heard these wordes, he was sore displeased and
saydo *' Howe commeth this to passe, Mathew Redmayn ? is there
in Northumberland a greater sovereign than I am, which should let
me passe this way where all my prouision is with yon ? what mean-
eth these newes ? "

" By my fayth, Sir," sayde the knight, "this is true that I say, and
by the commandement of the King ; and Sir, this I do to you is right
sore agaynst my will, but I must nedes do it and therefore for
Goddes sake holde me excused for I am thus commanded upon
painc of my life, that I shall not suffer you nor none of yours to
enter into the towne." Then the Duke, not saying all that h«
thought, brake out of this matter, and sayde, ** Sir Redmayn, what
tytlyngs out of England ? " and he sayde, he knew none, but that
the c»)untries were sore moued, and the King had sent to all this
country to In* in redinesse whensoever he should send. Then the
Duke mused a Httle, and sodainly turned his horse, and bid the
knight farewell, and so went to the castell of Rosebourgh, and the
constable receyved him. (Grafton's ChronicU L, pp. 247-8).

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 6i

Sir Matthew appears to have stayed at Roxburo;h no
longer than a year ; for in 1382 he is described as late
warden of the castle, and, at this time, it may be interest-
ing to note, as some evidence of his growing importance,
that he had " fifty-seven Serjeants in his retinue." He
still, however, remained actively employed in the north
of England, where the Scots provided ample exercise
for many an English knight ; and in 1382 Sir Matthew,
with John de Nevill, of Raby, and Roger de Clifford, was
empowered to arrest and imprison certain persons who
had broken truce and had ** brought into England the
goods of divers men of Scotland ; and to enquire in the
counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmor-
land, who are their accomplices and cause restitution to
be made.*'

In the following year (1383) he was called away from
the Border to the scene of his earlier exploits in France,
where he commanded a section of the Bishop of Norwich's
army against the supporters of Pope Clement ; and, after
a stout defence, was compelled to surrender Bourbourg to
the French King. This appears to have been the last of
Sir Matthew's warlike adventures over the sea, in which
he seems to have had at least his share of the ill-luck
which at that time pursued our armies.

In 1386 we find him actively engaged again in his own
land where, with the Bishop of Bath and Wells, the Earl
of Northumberland, John, Lord Nevill, and other joint-
commissioners, he was empowered to treat with the Scots
for peace. (See Appendix). Sir Matthew's fighting days
are now rapidly drawing to their close, though, as we shall
see, he was still a right doughty knight. In 1388 he was
commissioner of array for the county of Northumberland,
as well as governor of Berwick. In the latter capacity it

62 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

fell to his lot to take a conspicuous part in the battle of
Otterbourne, the fight in which the hatred and jealousies
of two nations found such fierce vent, and which minstrels
and chroniclers alike have conspired to invest with a
romantic interest which scarcely any other battle fought
on British soil can claim.

Sir Matthew was one of the first to whom news was
brought of that famous feast at Aberdeen where the
Scottish lords and knighls arranged that ** they should all
meet, with their puissance on the frontiers of Cumberland,
at a castle in the high forest called Jedworth," for such a
raid into England " as should be spoken of for twenty
years after '' ; and he took a leading and energetic part in
raising the forces which assembled at Newcastle to resist
the incursion.

Of the battle itself, fought with such tragic fierceness
** by the fitful light of the moon,'' of its varying fortunes,
its dramatic incidents and of the final rout of the English,
the story is too well-known to need recital. That Sir
Matthew bore himself right gallantly we know on abundant
evidence. ** And on the English party,'' Froissart says,
** before that the Lord Percy was taken and after, there
fought valiantly Sir Ralph Lumley, Sir Matthew Redman,
Sir Thomas Ogle, Sir Thomas Grey, Sir Thomas Helton,
Sir Thomas Abingdon — and divers others."

Sir Matthew was one of the leaders, with Sir Thomas
and Sir Robert Umphreville, Sir Thomas Grey and Sir
Robert Ogle, of the troops whom Hotspur, designing to
catch the Scots in a net and effectually cut off their re-
treat, sent to sweep routid northward from the position
occupied by them, and '*hold them in y* they fled not
awaye."

That this movement failed of its purpose was not in

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 63

any way Sir Matthew's fault — the tide of fortune flowed
finally and overwhelmingly against the Englishmen, and
their leaders were captured or slain, *' saving Sir Matthew
Redman, captain of Berwick, who, when he knew no
remedy nor recoverance, and saw his company fly from
the Scots and yield them on every side, then he took his
horse and departed to save himself."

But he was not to escape so easily ; and what later
befell him is best told in Froissart's own words : —

I shall shew you of Sir Matthew Redman, who was on horseback
to save himself, for he alone could not remedy the matter.

At his departing Sir James Lindsay was near to him and saw how
Sir Matthew departed, and this Sir James, to win honour, followed
in chase Sir Matthew Redman, and came so near to him that he
might have stricken him with his spear, if he had listed. Then he
said, " Ah ! Sir Knight, turn ; it is a shame thus to fly ; I am James
Lindsay ; if ye will not turn I shall strike you on the back with my
spear."

Sir Matthew spake no word, but struck his horse with the spurs
sorer than he did before. In this manner he chased him more than
three miles, and at last Sir Matthew Redman's horse foundered and
fell under him. Then he stepped forth on the earth and drew out
his sword, and took courage to defend himself; and the Scot thought
to have stricken him on the breast, but Sir Matthew Redman swerved
from the stroke and the spear- point entered into the earth.

Then Sir Matthew struck asunder the spear with his sword ; and
when Sir James Lindsay saw how he had lost his spear, he cast
away the truncheon and lighted afoot, and took a little battle-axe
that he carried at his back, and handled with his one hand quickly
and deliverly, in the which feat Scots be well expert ; and then he
set at Sir Matthew, and he defended himself properly. Thus they
tourneyed together, one with an axe and the other with a sword a
long season, and no man to hinder them.

Finally Sir James Lindsay gave the knight such strokes, and held
him so short, that he was put out of breath in such wise that he
yielded himself and said, *' Sir James Lindsay, I yield me to you."

64 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

" Well," quoth he, " and I am to receive you, rescue or no rescae ? "
" I am content," quoth Redman, " so ye deal with me like a good
companion." ** I shall not fail that," quoth Lindsay, and so put
up his axe.

" Well, Sir," quoth Redman, " what will you now that I shall do ?
I am your prisoner; ye have conquered me. I would gladly go
a^ain to Newcastle, and within fifteen days I shall come to you in
Scotland where ye shall assign me." " I am content," quoth Lind-
say, '* ye shall promise by your faith to present yourself within these
three weeks at Edinburgh, and wheresoever ye go, to repute yourself
my prisoner." All this Sir Matthew sware and promised to fulfil.
Then each of them took their horses and took leave of each other.
Sir James returned, and his intent was to go to his own company
the same way that he came, and Sir Matthew Redman to New-
castle.

But Nemesis was quickly on the track of the valorous
Scottish knight. He had ridden scarcely half-a-mile
through the darkness and nriist which had fallen since his
encounter with Redman, when he ran into the very arms
of the Bishop of Durham and five hundred of his men.
Sir James might have escaped from his predicament had
he not unhappily mistaken the enemy for his own com-
pany, and *' when he was among them/' Froissart says,
*' one demanded of him who he was.'' ** I am," quoth he,
** Sir James Lindsay." The Bishop heard these words,
and stepped to him and said, "Lindsay, ye are taken ;
yield ye to me." And thus the proud victor of a few
minutes earlier found himself a prisoner, and on his way
to Newcastle in the wake of his own captive. The later
meeting ot the two knights, under circumstances so un-
expected and humorous is thus quaintly described by
Froissart : —

After that Sir Matthew Redman was returned to Newcastle, and
shewed to divers how he had been taken prisoner by Sir Jaines

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 65

Lindsay, then it was shewed to him how the Bishop of Durham bad
taken the said Sir James Lindsay, and how that he was there in the
town as his prisoner.

As soon as the Bishop was departed Sir Matthew Redman went
to the Bishop's lodging to see his master, and there he found him in
a study of thought, lying in a window, and said : — "What, Sir James
Lindsay, what make you here ? " Then Sir James left his study and
came forth to him and gave him good-morrow, and said, " By my
faith, Sir Matthew, fortune hath brought me hither ; for as soon as I
was departed from you, I met by chance the Bishop of Durham, to
whom I am prisoner as ye be to me. I believe ye shall not need
come to Edinburgh to me to make your finance ; I think rather we
shall make an exchange one for another if the Bishop be so con-
tent."

" Well, sir," quoth Redman, "we shall accord right well together;
ye shall dine this day with me ; the Bishop and our men be gone forth
to fight with your men ; I cannot tell what shall fall ; we shall know
at their return."

" I am content to dine with you," quoth Lindsay. Thus these
two knights dined together at Newcastle.

Sir James, by the way, appears to have been unkindly
treated by fate, for, instead of recovering his freedom like
Sir Matthew Redman, he was still a prisoner on the 25th
of September when King Richard issued an order at
Cambridge " with the advice of his great Council, to the
Earl of Northumberland, not to dismiss Lindsay either
for pledge or ransom until further orders."

The story of Sir Matthew's prowess at Otterbourne is
told in many of the ballads and chronicles which have
brought the picture of this battle so graphically down to
us through the centuries. In The Batayl of Otterbourne,
from The Chronicle of John Hardyng, we read

He sent the lorde syr Thomas Vmfreuyle,

His brother Robert and also sir Thomas Grey,

And sir Mawe Redmayn beyond ye Scottes that whyle,

66 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

To holde them in y* they fled not awaye : —

The felde was his all yf y* he were take,
The Vrnfreuyle, Grey, Ogle and Redmayne
Helde the felde hole, y* myght so for his sake,
And knewe nothyng whetherwarde he was gayn.

And in De Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland^ by Andrew
of Wyntown : — " Schyr Mawe of the Redmane " figures
conspicuously among the gallant knights to whom Androw
pays tribute.

It must have been a very sad home-coming for Sir
Matthew, for in addition to the story of a lost battle, a
routed army and his own misadventure, he had to break
the news to his wife that her brother, a gallant younj,'
knight who had probably fought under his own banner,
had fallen on the field.

Ther was slayne upon the Ynglysshe syde,

For soth and sertenlye,
A gentell knyght, Sir John Fitz-hughe,

Yt was the more petye.

In the year following the battle of Otterboume Sir
Matthew was peacefully engaged in his magisterial work
in Northumberland, varied by an enquiry, with Thomas,
Earl Marshal, and others, " as to places in Northumber-
land burnt by the King's enemies of Scotland '' ; and by a
survey with Sir Thomas Umfraville and others, of certain
vessels called *' kiles," used for measuring sea-coal at
Newcastle-on-Tyne and neighbourhood (Pat. Rolls, Ric.
II., 1388-92) — useful and honourable occupations enough,
but contrasting strangely with the flash of steel and the
clang of armour which had for so many years been to him
the breath of life.

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 67

But we have been led away by the fascination of Sir
Matthew's career as a fighter from the domestic and other
peaceful phases of his life. One of his earliest appearances
in the records was as a witness in 1364 to a release by
" Agnes, relict of Ralph," of her right in certain lands
(Hist. MSS. Commission — Rep. 10, part 4 — Major Bagot's
Levens Hall Papers) ; and six years later, in 1370, Mat-
thew and Lucy, his (first) wife, are defendants in a suit
brought by Thomas de Yealand and Elena, his wife, to
recover possession of three messuages, eighty acres of
land, &c., in Levens (Abbr. Rot. Orig., vol. ii., p. 310).
In 1376 it was found after the death of Joan de Coupland
that Matthew de Redman, of Over Levens, held of the said
Joan a moiety of the vill of Quinfell, and divers tenements
in Selside.

Sir Matthew was twice married, (i) to ** Lucy," whose
identity has so far defied elucidation, and (2) to Joan,
daughter of Henry, Lord Fitzhugh, who, before wedding
Sir Matthew, had already been twice a wife, first of Wil-
liam, fourth Lord Greystoke, and secondly of Anthony,
third Lord de Lucy, who died in 1368, and by whom she
had an infant daughter who died in the following year.

As widow of the wealthy Lord Lucy, Joan was a well-
dowered bride, and, among other large possessions, brought
to Sir Matthew the castle and manor of Langele, in Nor-
thumberland, a third part of the Barony of Egremund,
with the advowson of Ulvedale and the manors of Aspatrik
and Braythwayt.

In 1378 the Patent Rolls disclose "a licence for Ralph,
Baron de Greystock (Joan's son), Matthew de Redemane
Kt and Joan, his wife, to grant the town and lordship of
Angerton, Co. Northumberland, held in chief, to William
de Greystock Esq"^®., the said Ralph's brotl^er, for life " ;

68 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HAREWOOD.

and five years later, in 1383, there was a licence to transfer
to Henry, first Earl of Northumberland, and Matilda, his
wife, ** the castle and manor of Langeley, Co. Northum-
berland, a moiety of the manor of Aspatrik, and a third
part of the Barony of Egermond, Co. Northumberland,
with the advowson of Ulvedale, after the death of Joan,
wife of Matthew de Redmayne knight."

Henry, the first Earl of Northumberland, had married
Matilda, only sister of Anthony de Lucy, Joan's second
husband ; and on the death of Joan, her dower-lands
reverted to Matilda and her husband, on condition that
he, the Earl of Northumberland, should bear the arms of
Percy, — or, with a lion rampant azure, quartered with
those of Lucy, viz. : guUs, with three lucies, argent.

The following pedigree will perhaps make this transac-
tion clear : —

Thomas db Lucy,
2Dd Baron, d. 1365.

I I

Anthony=Joan (Fitzhugh)=(3) Sir Matthew Matilda = Henry,

3rd Baron

Joan, d. 1369.

widow of William, Redman. Earl of

Lord Greystoke. Northum-

berland.

Sir Matthew appears to have had two sons and one
daughter. Of his elder son, Matthew, the records disclose
little beyond the fact that on April i, 1369, he had a pass
to Ireland with William de Windsor ; and it seems cer-
tain that he died in the lifetime of his father, leaving his
younger brother, Richard, to assume the headship of the
family, and by his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter and
co-heiress of the first Lord Aldeburgh, to transfer the chief
activities of the family from Levens, which had been its
headquarters for more than two centuries, to Harewood
in Yorkshire.

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 69

Sir Matthew's daughter, Felicia, the only one traceable,
married Sir John, son of Ralph, Lord Lumley, who fell at
the battle of Baugy, in Anjou, in 1421. From this union
the present Earl of Scarborough and many of our nobles
of to-day derive their origin. Her great-grandson,
Thomas, wed Elizabeth Plantagenet, the daughter of
King Edward IV. by the Lady Elizabeth Lucy.

Sir Matthew Redman was one of the witnesses in the
historical dispute between Lord Scrope and Sir Robert
Grosvenor as to the right to bear ** azure a bend or " ; in
which he gave important evidence as to Scrope's second
marriage with the lady of Pulford. Sir Matthew died
circa 1390, and was succeeded by his son Richard, who
was destined to shed still more lustre on the name of
Redman.

It is interesting to note that in his will, dated 1407,
Richard Burgh, who married Margaret, daughter of
Thomas Roos, of Kendal, bequeathed the sum of thirteen
marks to two chantry priests for the celebration for one
year, of masses for the souls of Richard, King of England,
the Duke of Norfolk, Thomas, Lord ClifiFord, and Sir
Matthew Redman. (Test. Ebor. Sur. Soc, 1., 348).

CHAPTER IX.

Levens. — Manor and Hall.

OF the very early history of Levens, before it came into
Redman hands, comparatively little is known. At
the time of the Norman conquest it seems to have formed
part of the vast possessions of Tosti, Earl of Northumber-
land, son of Godwin, and brother of Harold, ** the
Englishman." Tosti was driven by his rebellious Nor-
thumbrians to Flanders, and Harold acknowledged Morcar
as successor to his earldom and lands.

Such a rich possession as the Honour of Lancaster,
which included Levens, was not likely to remain long out
of the clutch of the Norman, and we find William bestow-
ing it on Roger, of Poictou, third son of Roger of Mont-
gomery, as a reward for loyal services rendered by his
family. Roger, however, proved unworthy of such lavish
generosity, for he took a prominent part in the rebellion
against William, which followed swiftly on the first dis-
tribution of the English spoil.

Among the lands of Roger of Poictou the Domesday
Survey includes Lefuenes (Levens) with two carucates, a
carucate being as much land as could be ploughed by one
plough or team in a season ; long varying in extent, but
determined in 1194 to be one hundred acres (Stubbs's
Select ChartcrSy p. 536). In later years the barony of
Kendal was held of the honour of Westmorland by the
De Lancasters, who derived their title from Roger de

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 71

Mowbray in the reign of King Stephen, and he from his
father Nigel de Albini (Ferguson's History of Westmorland,
p. 116) ; and as we have seen (p. 2) Levens was granted
by William de Lancaster II. to Norman de Hieland (later
'' de Redman ") sometime about 1170. From this time it
descended from father to son down the long Redman line
until the latter half of the sixteenth century, when, as we
shall see later, it passed to the Bellinghams of Burneside.

It is doubtful whether the head of the Redmans in these
early centuries made his home at Levens. It seems to
me more probable that the head-quarters of the family
were at Yealand, where, as we have seen, the first Matthew
appears to have been living when he was burnt out of
" house and home " by the raiding Scots and robbed even
of his Coroner's Rolls. However this may be, it is prob-
able that by the end of the thirteenth century, the
Redmans had built themselves a stout dwelling-place at
Levens, the parent of the beautiful pile known to-day
throughout England as Levens Hall.

At the time when this parent hall of Levens was built,
there was little place for the graces of architecture or the
refinements of domestic life. They were years of raids
and rapine, when a man must perforce sleep with his
sword by his side, and surround himself with strong walls
as a protection against a ruthless enemy, who might any
day come within sight bringing massacre and ruin with
him.

These early homes of our English knights were thus of
necessity fortresses, — on a smaller scale, it is true, than
the great castles of the Barons,— but stoutly built, able to
resist onslaught, and proof against the firebrand. These
minor fortresses were scattered thickly over the northern
counties, like so many grim, watchful sentinels. Levens

72 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

has for neighbouring strongholds, more or less noil^
Sizergh, Burneside, Kentmere, Arnside, Hazelslack, alii
many another Pele tower, all equally sturdy, and
guarding its own district and offering a refuge to wl
tenants and labourers, with their wives and childrai^i
might flock whenever danger threatened.

In his most interesting book on Levens Hall, Hr^
Curwen says : —

Regarding the position of the Pele, Canon Weston inclined to
belief that it stood at the north-east comer of the present buiU
and was built up of plain rubble, without plinth, set-off or si
course, over the existing barrel-vaulted cellars and their low
ings of stonework. If this were so, it must have measured extei
46 feet by 25 feet, with the end walls 3 feet, and the flank wallt
feet thick. By way of comparison we may mention that the Pds
Sizergh measures 60 by 40 feet, with its walls 7 feet thick ; Ai
48 by 32 feet ; Burneside, 45 by 30 feet ; Kentmere, 32 by 23 tetj
and Hazelslack, 30 by 24 feet.

From the plan it will be seen that there are two projecting
leading out from the cellars at the north-east and south-east coi
the former of which has a blocked-up doorway, which may have
built for protection, as an outer entrance to the Pele, whilst
latter has probably been the basement to a garderobe tower,
three dooi*ways marked C, D, and E are Carnarvon -arched,
clearly indicates 13th or 14th century construction.

From this description it is not difficult to picture
strong, square grey tower, from whose battlements th<
fierce Redman knights could hold their lands and tenani
in survey, or scan the horizon in search of the enemy ;
it is of great interest to know that from internal eviden<
such as the roughness of the flooring which shows
marks of the adze, and the worn upper flight of the staiTf
the tower, as we see it to-day, is, in Mr. Curwen's opinioi
** but little altered since the date of its first erection."

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 73

On the west side of this tower of refuge and defence
there was an aula or great hall, open to its lofty and mas-
sive roof of oak — a chamber forty feet long and twenty-two
feet wide, — in which the lord would entertain his guests,
receive the suit and service of his vassals, conduct the
business of his estates, and administer justice. It does
not require any great effort of imagination to picture the
scenes of festivity of which this hall must often have been
the setting — the lord with his family and his principal
guests feasting on the raised dais at one end of the cham-
ber ; the guests of inferior rank seated below at tables
ranged along each side ; and, opposite to the dais, the
minstrels singing their ballads and playing stirring martial
music in the raised gallery. Behind the screen crowned
by this gallery would be the kitchen, buttery and the
domestic offices.

No doubt, later generations of Redmans made sub-
stantial additions to this earliest structure, — and indeed
there are still traces of these additions to be found ; for
** walls of outbuildings have been discovered in the garden
with indications of having been destroyed by fire."

There are still to be seen at Levens Hall survivals of
these ancient days of Redman occupation, in addition to
the Pele tower. There is tapestry, which once draped
the walls of the aula, and which was probably worked by
the hands of Redman chatelaines ; and there are many
old charters, the ink of which was dry long before the
Great Charter itself was formulated, and which Norman
and Henry de Redman must have held in their hands
seven hundred years ago as we might do to-day. There
is also an interesting relic of Redman times in a cushion
on a chair ** which,'* Colonel Bagot informs me, **has some
dilapidated arms on it ^the three cushions evidently form-

76 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HARE WOOD.

gardens which are in the " stj'le called * topiary,* a term
applied to trees and shrubs clipped into various fantastic
shapes, either alone or in groups, or extending in long
lines, which form the chief feature of this kind of garden-
ing." ** At present, throughout the whole of England,"
Stanhope writes, in his History of England, vol. v., p. 500,
" there remains perhaps scarcely more than one private
garden presenting in all its parts an entire and true
sample of the old designs ; this is at the fine old seat of
Levens, near Kendal."

It is scarcely necessary to add that these gardens,
which were laid out by " Mr. Beaumont, gardener to King
James II. and Col. James Grahme," who also laid out
the gardens at Hampton Court, and which cover seven
acres, are famed for their beauty almost the whole world
over.

In 1757, Henry, fifth Earl of Berkshire, grandson of
Catherine Grahme, succeeded to Levens on the death of
his father, Viscount Andover, and he bequeathed it to
his mother, Lady Andover, and on her death to his sister,
Frances. Frances married Richard Bagot, fourth son of
Sir Walter Bagot, fifth baronet, from whom it has des-
cended to its present owner. Colonel Josceline Fitzroy
Bagot, M.P. for South Westmorland.

Whatever changes time and successive tenants have
wrought in the Hall, the park of Levens still remains as
b('autifiil and romantic as when, five centuries and more
ago, the Redmans hunted the deer in it. It was enclosed
by licence in 1360, the yiMr of the fourth Sir Matthew's
succession ; and in Redman times was a little more ex-
tensive than now, including the two fields on the south
of the oak avenue.

Mr. Curwcn, if I may further add to my obligation to

REDMANS OF LEVENS. 77

him, conjures up a vivid panoramic vision of the three
epochs of Levens Hall ownership.

And from the realms of fancy we conjure up the warrior Redmans,
stern and fierce, marshalling their forces by the riverside ; we catch
glimpses of the courtly Bellinghams, in velvet and ruffles, walking
and talking in their pleasaunce, or drinking to the health of the
Virgin Queen in the noble Hall of Banquet; whilst, yet again, our
cheeks are scorched by the fierce breath of treason and unrest that
swept over Levens in the time of the wily Grahme.

REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 79

King's knight, Richard Redman, of all the lands and
tenements which the King has in the town of Blencogo "
(m Cumberland). Two years later he was entrusted with
the responsible duty of " the survey and the control of the
castle, the gate and the towers of Carlisle," under Henry
de Percy, the famous " Hotspur," and of estimating the
cost of their repair. This was in October, 1390, and in
the following month King Richard gave the young West-
morland knight a still further evidence of his approval
and favour in the form of a retaining salary for his
services.

1390, Nov. 5. Grant for life until further order, with
the assent of the Council, to Richard Redman, knight,
retained for life to stay with the King, of forty marks a
year, in support of his estate, from the issues of Cumber-
land (Pat. Rolls, 13, Ric. H.). These royal grants of the
lands of Blencogo and of the yearly retainer were con-
firmed by Richard's successor, the fourth Henry, in the
year of his accession, 1399. (Oct. 31). It is a little diffi-
cult to understand the necessity of the royal allowance
for the support of Richard's estates, since at this time he
must have succeeded to his rich patrimony, as is evidenced
by the fact that in this year he is described in a confirma-
tion of a grant by Sir Matthew as his son and heir : —

" Ric'us Redman, miles, filius et heres d'ni Mathei Red-
man mil, confirmat cartam Mathei de Redman supradict,
qtwndarn antecessoris sui. Test. D'no Will 'o de Thirke-
keld mil' ; &c. Dat' apud Kirkeby Kendall, in festo S'c'i
Thoma Appl'i, anno d'ni 1390." In the same year, too,
we find him confirming an ancient grant of lands to the
monks of Byland, made by Henry de Redman and his son
Matthew (Hist. MSS. Com., Rep. 10, Pt. 4).

In this year Richard assumes a greater prominence and

8o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

finds ampler scope for his exceptional gifts. Within the
next twenty-three years he filled the office of sheriff of
Cumberland no fewer than six times (in 1390-4-7-9, 1402
and 1413) ; and in 1390 he was further enriched by the
following grant of lands in Heversham and Hutton
Roof:—

Johannes, Alius Radulphi Arneys, dedit Ric'o de Rede-
mane, militi, omn' terras et tenement' sua in villis de
Heversham et Hoton Rofe in Kendale. Test. Walter© de
Strickland, milite, &c. (MS. Dods. 159, fol. 195**).

Two years later we have interesting evidence of Sir
Richard's love of knightly exercises, for we find him ask-
ing and obtaining the King's permission to engage, to-
gether with three companions-in-arms, in a friendly joust
with William Haliburton and three others at Carlisle,
from the first to the twenty-seventh of June, in the
-presence of Hotspur, to whom the spectacle of these
eight knights engaging in daily tilts would no doubt prove
highly entertaining.

This long festival of jousting must have been one of Sir
Richard's farewells to bachelor days and licence ; for it
could not have been long after that he wooed and won a
daughter of the first Lord Aldeburgh, and thus brought
about a most important revolution in the family history.

Sir Richard's wife was Elizabeth, one of the two daugh-
ters of William, first Lord Aldeburgh, and sister of the
second Lord who died in 1390, without oflfspring, leaving
his sisters co-heirs to the barony and to large estates, in-
cluding the castle and manor of Harewood. Of the sisters
and co-heiresses, Elizabeth had first married Sir Br}*an
Stapleton, while Sybil found a husband in Sir William
Ryther, of Ryther Castle.

The following pedigree will make this descent clear : —

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 8i

John de Isula= Matilda de Ferrers

2nd Lord Lisle de
Rougeroont.

(held one-third of

the manor of Harewood

in dower).

I I

Robert Elizabeth = William

3rd Lord Lisle DE Insula

de Rougemont ;
ob. s.p.

I St Lord Aldeburgh*

I I

William Elizabeth de Aldeburgh Sybil

2nd Lord Aldeburgh =(i) Sir Bryan Stapleton =Sir Wm. R3rther,

ob. s.p. (will, 14 Nov. =(2) Sir Richard Redman, of Ryther Castle.
1390). of Levens.

It was after Sir Bry^an Stapleton's death that this Red-
man knight must have gone to woo the fair widow, fresh
from his jousting at Cariisle. As a gallant cavalier of long
lineage, the son of an old friend of her family, and with a
reputation for skill in the arts of chivalry, he probably had
no great difficulty in winning Elizabeth's hand and heart,
richly-dowered though she was. At what precise time
Richard married Elizabeth it is not possible to say. That
it was not before 1393 is clear from a fine levied in that
year

by Elizabeth, late wife of Sir Brian Stapleton^ Junior, and Sir William
de Ryther and Sybil his wife, daughters and co-heiresses of Sir
William de Aldeburgh, knight, deceased, of the manors of Hare-
wood, Lofthouse, Stockhouse, Huby, Weeton, Rigton in the Forest,
East Keswick, Dunkeswick, Healthwaite, Horsforth, Yeadon, Weard-
ley, Stockton and Carlton, which were parcel of the manor of
Harewood.

In saying that the marriage took place circa 1393-4 we
shall probably not be very far from the truth.

Thus, early in the nineties of the fourteenth century we
find Sir Richard, at the age of thirty-three or four, wedded
to the wealthy widow of Sir Bryan Stapleton, the mother
of a son and two daughters, and lady of half Harewood

<82 REDMAN'S OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

and more than a dozen other fat manors and townships ;
the other moieties being in the ownership of Sir William
Ryther and Sybil his wife. From this period the Red-
mans and Rythers appear to have occupied the castle of
Harewood alternately, under an amicable arrangement
which worked smoothly for many generations. When not
in residence at Harewood, the Redmans would no doubt
make their home at Levens, thus dividing their interests
and activities botween the two counties of Yorkshire and
Westmorland. Sir Richard's wife appears among the
legatees in the will of Sir Thomas Roos, of Ingmanthorp,
an old family friend, dated i6th July, 1399 : — " Item lego
dominse Elizabethse Redman, meam legendam Sancto-
rum " ; and again, fourteen years later. Sir Henry Vava-
sour, of Haslewood, remembers her to the extent of
leaving her a gold ring : — ** Item lego dominae Elizabethae
de Redman unum annulum de auro." {Test. Ebor. I.,
pp. 351-361. Surtees Society — and Ducheiiana).

In 1399 Sir Richard found time to indulge again in the
knightly exercise of jousting, for he obtained permission
to hold a tournament at Carlisle ; and in the same year
he went with John, 3rd Lord Cobham, to Ireland, a
journey for which he had letters of protection. In the
following May (1400) he was engaged in the delicate
mission of treating for peace with the Scots ; and in 1403
he added to his duties those of sheriff of Yorkshire, an
office which had, as we have seen, been held by his
ancestor, Henry de Redman, two centuries earlier.

In 1401 the Patent Rolls disclose a

licence for Richard Redman, chivaler, and Elizabeth, his wife, to
enfeoff John de Ingelby and William Curthorpe, parson of the
Church of Dyghton, of a moiety of the Manor of Harewood held in
chief, and for the latter to regrant the same to them for life with

REDMANS OF HAREWOOV CASTLE. 85!

successive remainders to Matthew their son and the heirs male o£.
his body, Richard, his brother, and the heirs male of his body, the -
heirs male of the bodies of Richard and Elizabeth (by her former
husband) and the heirs of his body and the right heirs of Elizabeth.

In the same year (April 14th) there was a grant to the
King's knight, Richard Redman, in lieu of a like grant to
him by letters patent dated 23rd April, 22 Richard II.,
which are invalid on account of the ommission of divers
words which should be therein, of the custody of all lands
late of Richard de Kirkebrid, Kt., deceased, tenant-in-
chief, during the minority of Richard de Kirkebrid, his
son and heir, with issues to the value of twenty marks
yearly and the marriage of the heir without disparage-
ment, provided he find a competent sustenance for the
heir, maintain the horses, woods, enclosures and gardens
without waste, support all charges and answer for any
surplus. (Cal. Pat. Rolls, 2 Hen. IV.)

In 1404 Sir Richard found military employment in
arraying all the men-at-arms, bowmen, &c., in the dis-
tricts of Kendal and Lonsdale : — " Rex dilecto et fideli
suo Ricardo Redeman, Chivaler, Salutem. Sciatis quod
assignavimus vos ad arraiandum omnes homines ad arma
et sagittarios ac alios homines defensabiles in partibus de
Kendale et Lonsdale in com. Westmerlandiae. Teste
Rege apud Pomfreyt, vij die Julii." (5 Hen. IV.)

In the following year he was empowered to exact fines
firom those implicated in the ill-fated Percy rising, in
which the gallant, if too impulsive, Hotspur lost his life,
at Shrewsbury. This year, too. Sir Richard was not only
again sheriff for Yorkshire, but he was elected to represent
that county in Parliament. In this new sphere of activity
he must have exhibited considerable talents as well as
^eal, for within eleven years of entering Parliament h^

84 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

reached, as we shall see, the highest office it has to
bestow on its members.

In 1407 we find (Fines Term. Pasche, 8 Henry IV.) the
following fine : —

Finis inter. petentem et Ric'nm Redman, Chivaler, et Eliza-

betham uxorem, deforciantes, de medietate manerii de Harwood
(the estate was evidently settled on them for their lives, with re-
mainder in tail male to their sons, Matthew and Richard). Si nuUus
haeres masculus fit inter eos, remaneat heredibus Briani Stapleton,
filii predicte Elizabethe; si Brianus obierit sine prole remaneat
rectis heredibus predicte Elizabethe." (Dods. MS. 159, fo. I96*».)

In the following year (1408) Sir Richard was appointed
to receive submissions from the rebels who had flocked to
the Earl of Northumberland's standard when he tried to
raise the northern counties against Henry IV., and were
defeated on Bramham Moor by Sir Thomas Rokesby,
sheriff" of Yorkshire ; and in 1409 he was appointed, with
Richard Holme, canon of York, to arrange terms of peace
with the Scottish Commissioners.

Rex dilectis et fidelibus suis Ricardo Redeman, Chivaler, et
magistro Ricardo Holme, Canonico Ebor. Salutem. Sciatis quod
nos Constituimus et assignamus vos deputatos nostros et nuncios
speciales. Given at Westminster, 20th Nov., 1409. (Rot. Scot, ii.,
192).

Thus we find Sir Richard, like so many of his fore-
fathers, constantly occupied in responsible and useful
work, as sheriff of two counties, as Member of Parliament,
arrayer of troops, and as the conductor of negotiations
for his Soverei^'n ; and in all this wide range of activities
exhibiting conspicuous ability. In 1415 he reached the
climax of his career. It was in this year that Henry V.,
taking advantage of the misfortunes of France, with her

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE, 85

insane sovereign, Charles VI., and the bitter struggle for
the Regency between his brother, the Duke of Orleans,
and his cousin, the Duke of Burgundy, a struggle which
resulted in civil warfare, determined to carry violent war
into that distracted country.

Sir Richard was busily engaged during several months
of this year in mobilising the forces with which Edward
sailed for France, and which in October inflicted such a
crushing defeat on the French army at Agincourt. He
does not appear to have taken part in this victorious
campaign ; for on the 5th of the following month (Nov.,
1415) he was elected Speaker of the Parliament which sat
at Northampton. In the office of Speaker he succeeded
Thomas Chaucer, son of the great poet, and was followed
in 1416 by Sir Walter Beauchamp.

Sir Richard's arms (without crest or motto) are to be
seen in a window of the Speaker's House at Westminster:
but as they were only put there in the first half of last
century they are of no antiquarian interest. Richard
seems to have reaped none of the substantial fruits which
so often fall to Speakers of the House of Commons ; and
in this respect might have been excused for feeling a little
envious of the good fortune of Sir Walter Hungerford,
one of the Speakers of the preceding year, who was made
a Baron, Knight of the Garter, Admiral of the Fleet, and
Treasurer of the Exchequer. His election as Speaker
was evidently during the King's absence in France, for we
find that he was " presented to the Regent for the con-
firmation of his election." (Rolls of Parliament, 1415, iv.,
p. 63^)

Sir Richard's active life appears practically to have
closed with his Speakership ; for although he lived eleven
years longer, the Records contain but few evidences of his

86 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND FTAREWOOD.

doings. From the Patent Rolls, Henry VI., we glean
the following further references to him.

1422, 15 Deer. Inspeximus and eonfirmation of letters patent,
dated 14 June, i Hy. V., inspecting and confirming the patents
dated 31 Octr., i Hy. IV., inspecting and confirming letters patent
dated 5 Nov., 14 Rd. II., in favour of Rd. Redman, Kt.

1423, 23 Apl. Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent, etc.
(i) Letters patent dated i May, 11 Rd. II., in favour of Rd. Red-
man, Kt.

(2) Letters patent, dated 5 Nov., 14 Rd. II.

(3) Letters patent, dated at Chester, 2 Oct., 21 Rd. II., in favour
of same.

In 1418 his first wife, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, died ; and
it is probable that before Sir Richard re-emerged from his
retirement he had mourned one Elizabeth and wedded
another — Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William Gascoigne,
Chief Justice of the King's bench. Sir William, whose
home was at Gawthorpe, in the parish of Harewood, was
a near neighbour and old friend of Sir Richard, whose
senior he was by about ten years ; and no doubt the two
families of the Castle and Hall were on intimate terms.
It was Sir William Gascoigne, it will be remembered,
who refused to obey the King's command to sentence to
death Archbishop Scrope and Mowbray, the Earl Mar-
shal, after the northern insurrection, in 1405 ; and who is
said, although the story lacks historical support, to have
committed the dissolute ** Prince Hal " to prison for in-
solence in Court.

This fearless and famour judge, of whom Lord Camp-
bell says, *' never was the seat of judgment filled by a
more upiight or independent magistrate," died in 1419,
the year after Sir Richard lost his first wife ; and it may
have been the mutual sympathy induced by a commoQ

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 87

bereavement that led to a more tender sentiment between
the widowed knight and the late judge's daughter. How-
ever this may have been, Sir Richard and Elizabeth Gas-
coigne became man and wife, probably about the year 1420.

A few years later we get the last glimpse of Sir Richard's
prominent activities. In 1424 he was commissioned, in
company with Sir Ralph Greystoke, Sir William Ryther,
and Sir Robert Roos, *' to make inquisition in the county
of Yorkshire as to lands, tenements, meadows, pastures,
services, wardships, marriages, and escheats alleged to
have been concealed from the King within the said
county." In 1423-4 he was engaged in magisterial work
in the West Riding of Yorkshire ; and on Nov. 17, 1426,
six months before his death, we find his yoqnger son,
Richard, " paying 10 marks for acquiring from Richard
Redman, Kt., without licence, the Manor of Blencogo,
Co. Cumberland (of which King Richard III. had given
him a grant for life nearly forty years earlier), by the
name of all the lands and tenements of the said Rd.
Redeman,, Kt., in Blencogo, held in chief." Pat. Rolls,
5 Hen. VI.)

Sir Richard died on the 22nd May, in the following
year, 1426, and by his will, which is given in full in
the Appendix, left the Manor of Levens and certain
Harewood estates to Richard, his younger son, in trust
for his grandson and successor, Richard, then a boy of
eight ; on the death of this grandson without heirs, to his
own surviving son Richard, and failing heirs of the latter,
to John Redman, son of Elene Grene, &c. The manors
of Kereby and Kirkby (Kirkby Overblow) he devised to
Brian de Stapleton, son of Sir Brian Stapleton, by his
(Sir Richard's) first wife, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, under
certain conditions as to forfeiture.

88 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Sir Richard's second wife, Elizabeth GascoignCy sur-
vived her husband more than eight years, dying on the
2ist December, 1434. On the ist of March of this year
the following inquisition was taken at Selby, co. York,
on her predecessor, Elizabeth Aldeburgh : —

The jury say she held for life the manor of Rughford, of the gift of
Sir Brian de Stapilton, knight, her son ; reversion at her death to
the said Sir Brian ; held of the heirs of Peter de Bnis. The site of
the manor is a waste place, with a little wood. There are four tofts,
100 acres of demesne lauds, etc., and a 40* rent issuing £rom 10
messuages iu Rughford. Brian de Stapilton, son of the aforesaid
Sir Brian, is her heir, set 21, on Friday after St. Leonard*s day last
The said Sir Richard Redeman occupied the manor from his death
till he died, viz 22 May, 1426. (Chy. Inq. p.m., 12 Hen. VI., No. 18).

It is commonly believed that Richard and his two
wives were buried in Harewood Church, where their
memory is perpetuated by two magnificent altar-tombs
of which I give illustrations. This is evidently a mistake;
for in the list of burials in the church of the Frur
Preachers, or the Black Friars, of York (written by John
\Vr>'the, Garter King-at-Arms) the following entries
appear : —

It' Mess* Richard Redman chTr

It* Elizabeth de Aldeburgh jadiz dame de Harwode.

Thus there appears to be little doubt that Richard and
his first wife found their last resting-place not at Haie-
wood but at York, in spite of the altar-tomb in Harewood
church, on which they lie sculptured side by side. This
church of the Friars Preachers, at York, was the Aide*
burghs' favourite place of sepulture. The second Lord
(Elizabeth's brother) and his wife were buried there. Sir
Richard had two sons (both by Elizabeth Aldeburgh) : —

REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 89

(i) Matthew, who died during his father's lifetime ; and
(2) Richard, who survived him, and is probably Richard

of Bossall (of whom later),
and one daughter : —

Joan, She married Sir Thomas Wentworth, who fought
bravely for Henry VI., at the Battle of Hexham. Joan's
grandson was that Sir Thomas Wentworth who won his
knighthood by his gallantry in the Battle of the Spurs ;
who, from his great wealth, was nicknamed Golden
Thomas ; and who, in his later years obtained permission
from Henry VIII. to " wear his bonnet" in the Royal
presence. But Joan's most famous descendant was the
great and ill-fated Earl of Strafford, who died so bravely
on the scaffold on Tower Hill, in May, 1641, the victim
of a weak and capricious Sovereign whom he had served
too well. From Joan, too, came the Marquis of Rocking-
ham, George lll.'s Prime Minister, and many another
great noble who wrote his name largely on the scroll of
his generation.

Sir George Duckett says that Sir Richard had another
daughter, whose name he does not give, who became the
wife of Richard Duket, " Lord of Grayrigg, Heversham,
and Morland." He omits, however, to produce any
evidence in support of this alliance. (Duchetiana, p. 16.)

CHAPTER XL

Sir Matthew V.

OF Sir Richard's elder son, the fifth of the knightly
Matthews of the line of Levens,. there is practically
nothing to record beyond the facts that he lived, married,
and died before his father. For his wife the youthful heir
of Harewood went a-wooing to Thurland Castle, on the
Lancashire border, where Sir Thomas Tunstall had a
bevy of fair daughters for whom he was no doubt pre-
pared to welcome eligible suitors.

Johanna was the daughter who found favour in Mat-
thew's eyes, and he made her his wife, somewhere about
14 16. Of Johanna's sisters, it is interesting to note,
Mary became the wife of Sir John Radcliffe ; Alice, wife
of Sir Thomas Parr, was to become the great-grandmother
of a Queen in Katherine Parr. Elizabeth found a hus-
band in Sir Robert Bellingham, and from her sprang the
Bellinghams of Levens; while Catherine married Sir
John Pennington. This was the first of five alliances
between the families of Redman and Tunstall.

When Sir Matthew died, in 1419, he left behind him
an infant son who, seven years later, was to succeed his
grandfather and to become the second Sir Richard, of
Harewood.

Note. Just thirty years after Matthew's death, another knightly
Matthew of Redman name, for whose discovery I am indebted to
Mr. Oswald Barron, F.S.A., the learned editor of the Anustar,

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. gi,

perished gallantly on the banks of the Sark, on the ScottUh border.
This Matthew, who is described by Boec6 as " Maheus rubente juba
(Matthew of the Red Mane) eques auratus," and by a French
historian (Brit. Mus. Vesp,, c. xvi., p. 41) as " Barberouse le Grand,**
led the van of the English army of 6000 men under Percy, eldest
son of the Duke of Northumberland, which gave battte to the
Scottish forces under the Earl of Ormond, on Oct. 23, 1449*

The Scots reeled before the deluge of arrows poured into them by
the English bowmen, and the battle promised to end in their igno-
minious flight, when Wallace, of Craigie, commander of Ormond's
right column, rallied them with such eloquent scorn that they were
" so inraiged and ruschit sa furieouslie upon the Inglisch wangalrd
with exis (axes), speiris, and halbertes,*' that Maheus Redmane*s
men broke and fled. Maheus himself, '* a redoubtable leader,'* was
slain ; and of the Englishmen 2000 perished, many of them beic^
drowned in the estuary of the Sark, in which the tide was at full.
The identity of this valiant Redman knight I have been unable to
discover ; but it is not improbable that he may have been a cadet
of Harewood.

Sir Richard (II.), Knight of the Shire for

Westmorland.

When the first Richard, of Harewood, died in 1426,
his successor of the same name was a boy of eight years,
with a long minority before him, under the guardianship
of his distant cousin, Thomas Redman, of Thornton-in-
Lonsdale, and Sir Richard Duket, of Grayrigg, who
according to Sir George Duckett (Duchetiana, p. 16) bad
married one of his aunts. This youthful Richard was
destined to hold the headship of his family for half-a-
oentury, a longer tenure than any of his predecessors or
successors enjoyed.

His tenure, however, was marked by little of the energy
and prominent services which, as we have seen, had
characterised those of his forefathers. In 1442, thre^

92 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

years after he had attained his majority, he was elected
Knight of the Shire for his ancestral county of Westmor-
land ; and in the same county, and probably about the
same time he found a wife in Margaret, daughter of
Thomas Middleton, of Middleton Hall.

Whatever Richard's Westmorland bride may have
brought to him by way of dower, she was at least a lady
of distinguished birth, with more than one strain of Royal
blood in her veins. Her mother was a Musgrave, a mem-
ber of a family whose founder, according to Banks, won
for his bride by his dexterity with the spear, the daughter
of one of the old Emperors of Germany ; while through a
long line of De Ferrers, Earls of Derby, she could claim
a clear descent from King Henry I., of England, and a
distant cousinship with John de Baliol and Robert the
Bruce.

In 1450 Richard was enriched by a grant from his
uncle, Richard, of lands at Hincaster, near Levens : —
** Grant by Richard Redmane, son of Richard Redmane
Kt, to Richard Redmane, son of Matthew Redmane Kt,
of the land of Hincaster, which he had of the gift of John
Marshall." (^-evens Hall Papers, Hist. MSS., Com. Re-
port 10, part 4). In 1465 he found himself in the very
human predicament of being sued by his tailor for a debt
he had overlooked. Among the pardons of outlawry in
that year we find ** Richard Rederaan, late of Levens,
CO. Westmorland, Esq: for not appearing before the same
Justices to answer Roger Dawson, Citizen and Tailor of
London, touching a d(?bt of £*55,*' — a sum which must
have represented much fine raitnant in those far-off days.
(Patent Rolls, Kd. IV.)

In the Patent Rolls of twr) years later, and again in
1469 and 1477, he is referred to as a knight ; on 17th

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 93

January, 1471, he was in the Comniission of the Peace
for Westmorland ; and in 1474 the Patent Rolls disclose
a grant to Thomas Twysday of the lands which the King
has or ought to have in Blencogo, co. Cumberland, and
which Richard Redman, Kt., lately had of the grant of
Henry IV. Thus his placid life ran its uneventful course,
making no greater demand on his energies than was
necessary for a jaunt to Westminster or occasional hours
spent in admmistering the laws he helped to make ; until
in 1476 he, too, joined the Redmans who had had their day.
Whatever else may have been his shortcomings,
Richard made more than his due contribution to the
population. On the evidence of the Vincent and Philpot
Pedigrees in the Heralds' College, he had no fewer than
thirteen children.

Thomas Middleton = Isabel, dau. of

of Middleton Hall,
CO. Westmorland.

Sir Richard Musgrave
of Hartley Castle.
(Henry VI.)

Elizabeth.
:Thomas Duket
of Grayrigg, Ksq.,
CO. Westmorland.

I
Margaret.
= Richard Redman
of Levens, co.
Westmorland, and
Harwood Castle,
CO. York.

I
13 Children.

Mabel.
= Sir Roger
Bellingham of
Burneshead, Kt.,
CO. Westmorland.

If this Pedigree is reliable it is quite clear that of their
thirteen children no fewer than eight must have died
young. At any rate the Records do not appear to
disclose any trace of them. Sir Richard, however, was
undoubtedly the father of

(i) Sir William, his immediate successor.

(2) Sir Edward, who succeeded his brother, William.

(3) Walter, (

(4) Richard,^

mentioned in Sir William's Will.

94 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

(5) Elizabeth, also mentioned in her brother William's
will as his sister. She married John Preston, of Preston
Hall and Lower Levens, a Westmorland neighbour of the
Redmans. His father, Thomas, had married a daughter
of a Twisleton Redman ; and, it may be interesting to
add, from these two alliances no fewer than eight of our
present Dukes — Norfolk, Richmond, Devonshire, West-
minster, Leeds, Sutherland, Argyll, and Leinster— ^and
many another great noble of to-day, derive a double, if
attenuated strain of Redman blood.

Sir Richard's inquisition was taken at Harewood in
1476. He died on the 21st of March in that year.

Sir William, Knight -Banneret.

William, Sir Richard's eldest (surviving) son, had
probably advanced some way into the thirties when he
succeeded to the family estates which he was destined to
enjoy for only seven years. Like his father he sought a
bride in Westmorland and found her at the Castle of
Sizergh, neighbour to Levens, in Margaret, daughter of
Walter Strickland, Esquire, and granddaughter of the
doughty Sir Thomas, who so gallantly and proadljf
carried the banner of St. George on the battlefield of
Agincourt. This old warrior had died four years before
his granddaughter, Margaret, became the wife of young
William Redman, of Harewood. As the bride and bride*
groom were within the fourth degree of relationshtp, a
Papal dispensation was necessary for a legal union, and
this was granted on July 22nd, 1458, by V^incent Clement,
the Pope's nunci(\ (MSS. of W. C. Strickland, Esq., of
Si/ergh.)

Th(,' Records are tantali/ingly reticent about the doings
of Sir William. Ilis name appears, in conjunction with

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 95

those of his neighbour, Sir William Gascoigne, and Sir
Richard Wentworth, in the list of " Knightes made at
the manage of Richard, Duke of Yorke, to Lady Anne,
daughter and heir of John, Duke of Norff, 17 vel 18 Janu-
arii, Anno 17 Edward IV., Anno D'ni 1477. The
mariage was solemnized on the XVth day of January.
These Knights were elected on the 17 day, and dubbed
on the 18 day of the same month." (Cotton MS.,
Claudius, ciii.)

In 1482 Sir William won the coveted title of knight-
banneret. His name appears twelfth on the list of
" Bannerettes made in Scotland the 24 day of July Anno
D'ni, 1482, Anno 22 Edward IV., by the Duke of
Gloucester.'' Other bannerets created at the same time
were Sir William Gascoigne, who thus ran neck and
neck with his neighbour, Redman, in the race for
honours, Sir Bryan Stapleton, Sir Stephen Hammerton,
Sir Herbert Greystoke, and Sir Henry Percy. (Cotton
MS., as above.)

In 1480 he found useful employment as Commissioner
of Array for the West Riding of Yorkshire. This was at
the time when Edward IV. was preparing an invasion of
France to revenge the indignity of Louis' breach of the
treaty of Pecquigni. And two years later we find him
defendant in a suit brought by Sir William Thorneburgh
for an illegal distress in " Selshede and Whynsell." (De
Banco. Trinity, 22 Ed. IV., m. 314.)

Sir William appears to have died somewhat suddenly.
He had time, however, to dispose verbally of a few small
legacies to his relatives and dependants. By his nuncu-
pative will, on nth September, 1482, he gives his body to
be buried in the church at Heversham, and bequeaths —

96 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Waltero, fratri suo xx'».

Johanni Redeman, servient! suo, iiij marks.

Roberto Tunstall, „ „ xxxiij marks.

Georgio Redeman, „ c'.

Voluit quod Georgius Redeman sit ballivus de Harwood cum
feodo et vadiis, ad quod Edward us f rater meus concessit.

Richardo, fratri suo, xiiij marks.

Willelmo Redeman, xx^.
Elizabeth Preston, sorori suae, white horse and 5 marks. He
named as exors., Margaret, his wife, Edwardum Redeman, his
brother. Dame (Douce) de Strykland, Thos. Strykland, and John
Preston.

It will be seen that the only relatives mentioned in this
will are his brothers Edward (executor), Walter and
Richard, and his sister, Elizabeth ; and it is fair to assume
that if he ever had a dozen brothers and sisters, the re-
maining eight must have ceased to be at this date. His
inquisition, taken at Kirkby Kendal on the 14th October,
1483, sets forth that Sir Richard Redmayn was seized of
Levens. The said Richard had issue Matthew, which
Matthew had issue Richard, and died in the lifetime of
Richard his father, the which Richard the father died of
such estate so seized, and the inheritance descended to
Richard, as son and heir of Matthew. This last-named
Richard had issue, William Redman, in the writ named,
and also a son, Edward, and gave parcel of the said
manor to William, his son, and Margaret, his wife, and
the heirs male, &c., &c., William being under the age of
twenty, after whose death s. p. it descended to Edward
Redmayn as brother and heir.

The following deals with the dower of Sir William's
widow : —

Inquisitio capta ap**. Kirkby-in-Kendall, 21 E. IV. Juratores
dicunt super sacramentum suum, quod Ric*us Redman, miles, obiit

REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 97

sei'tus de manerio de Levyns, in d'nico suo ut de feodo, et q<* idem
Ric'us sic sei'tus dedit Will'o filio suo et heredi, et Margarete ux*i
ejus, p' cellam manerii p' d'ci, et p' d'cus Will'us obiit de tali statu
sei'tus. Et jur' dicunt quod Margareta Redman, nup* uxor Will'i
Redman, militis, inventa est dotabilis, etc. Ergo escaetor assignavit
eidem Margaret', p' Thoma' Strikland, militem, attomatum suum,
quod Edwardus Redman vel suus attornatus p' promoniciones e'is
fcas assign' tertiam partem omnium mess, etc., de Levyns, etc.
(Dods' MS. 159, fo. 196.)

Sir William was buried according to his dying wish "in
the middle quyer" of the parish church of Heversham,
near the old family seat at Levens — the church in which
the third Sir Matthew's bones had been laid nearly a
century and a quarter earlier. In 1628 part of his epitaph
was still decipherable. It ran thus : —

" Redman erat certe Levens haeres, Harwode aperte,
" Edwardo iiijo regi meruit famulari

»(

(t »»

• • • • •

" Ye rest broken."

(MS. Dods. 119 fo. 74.)

Sir WiUiam left no son to follow him; but according to
Burke, whose testimony should not perhaps be taken too
seriously, he had a daughter Ayme, who became the
wife of Adam Beckwith, Esquire, of Thurcroft, Yorkshire.

CHAPTER XII.

Sir Edward, EsguiRE to King Richard III.

EDWARD, who on his brother William's death without
male offspring, succeeded to the Redman inheritance,
was a man of twenty-six at the time of his accession, as
is evidenced by the escheat of 22 Edward IV., No. 49: —

The Jurors say that Sir William Redman, knight, held the Manor
of Levens, on the day on which he died, of William Parr as of his
Barony of Kendal, and that Edward Redman is brother and heir of
the said William and twenty-six years of age. (Dods. MS. 70, fo.
141^)

The new Redman Lord of Harewood appears to have
been a man of greater enterprise and energy than his
brother, father, or grandfather, and for a brief time
rivalled the industr)% if not the discretion, of any of his
predecessors. Very^ soon after his accession, in 1483, we
find him discharging magisterial duties in three counties —
Westmorland, the West Riding of Yorkshire, and Wilt-
shire ; though what took him so far south as the latter
county it is impossible to say. In 1483-4 he was engaged
as Commissioner in assessing subsidies, &c., in the county
of York ; and in the same years we find him actively em-
ployed with John, Lord Scrope, of Bolton, and others in
arresting and imprisoning the rebels in Devon and Corn-
wall, who had taken part in the insurrection headed by
Henry, Duke of Buckingham, against the infamous

REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 99

Richard III, the failure of which cost the Duke and
many of his sympathisers their heads.

In 1484 Edward was busily engaged in the south of
England as Commissioner of Array for the county of
Dorset ; and for all these loyal services to his Sovereign
he was rewarded by the grant of a Somersetshire manor
and broad acres in Dorset.

" Grant to Edward Redmayne, alias Redemayne, Esquire of the
body, and the heirs male of his body, for his good services against
the rebels, of the Lordship or Manor of Illubruar, Co. Somerset,
late the property of Thomas Arundell, Knight, and the lands of
Middleton, &c., Co. Wilts., late of Roger Tocotes, rendering to the
King £6 yearly. (Patent Rolls, 2 Ric. Ill-)

From this grant we see that Edward was one of the
trusted officers of Richard III., who executed the orders
of that odious King, and on whom his favours were
showered. Two months after Richard bad been carried
from Bosworth field, flung limp and lifeless across a
horse's back, and Henry VII. had come to his throne,
Edward was fortunate in receiving a pardon for his mis-
guided loyalty to the tyrant. On October 23rd, 1485,
there appears a general pardon and release to " Edward
Redmayne, of Harwode, Co. York, alias of Levens,
Co. Westmoreland, alias of Shideoke or Chideoke, Co-
Dorset, for all manner of offences committed before the
date hereof."

After this spell of exuberant activity Edward seems to
have settled down into the less stimulating, if safer, life of
a country gentleman. As a partisan of Richard he was
not likely to be in great favour at the Court of the first
of the Tudor Kings; and it may be that the exciting times
which culminated on Bosworth field had satisfied his
thirst for adventure. At any rate he seems to have held

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. loi

Edward married (possibly as his second wife) Elizabeth,
widow of Sir — Leigh, of Isell, Cumberland, and daughter
of Sir John Huddleston, of Millom Castle, by his wife,
Joan, daughter of Sir Miles Stapleton. Her brother. Sir
John, it may be interesting to note, was uncle by marriage
of Jane Seymour, one of Henry Vin.'s Queens. Eliza-
beth survived her husband nineteen years, dying in 1529,
in \\hich year there was a commission to Sir Richard
Tempest, Sir William Middleton, and others, to make
inquisition p. m. on the lands and heir of Lady Elizabeth
Leigh, wife of Edward Redmayn. (Letters and Papers,
Hen. VI IL, F. & D., vol. iv.)

Edward had at least four children —
(i) Henry, who married Alice Pilkington and died
shortly before his father, leaving an infant
daughter, Joan, who, when her grandfather's
inquisition was taken, was '' one year old and
more."

(2) Richard, who succeeded his father on the death of

Elizabeth Leigh.

(3) Helen.

(4) Magdalen.

Joan, Edward's granddaughter, found a husband in
Marmaduke Gascoigne, of Caley, son of Sir William
Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, and probably died without off-
spring. According to Sir George Duckett, who bases his
statement principally on the Vincent Pedigrees, Joan (or
Jane, as he calls her) had for first husband William
Duckett, of Flintham, in Nottinghamshire, and by him
had two sons, the younger of whom was Sir Lionel
Duckett, Lord Mayor of London (temp. Eliz.). Accord-
ing to the pedigree given by Sir George {Duchetiana,
p. 218) the elder son of this alleged marriage made his

102 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

will in 1545, at a date when Joan, his alleged mother, was
but thirty-six years of age, and scarcely likely to be the
mother of a son who had reached manhood.

Edward died on September 27th, 1510, nineteen days
after making his will, of which this is a full copy : —

In Dei No'ie Amen. The viijth dale of Septemb'r, the yere of
o' Lorde, a thousand V hundreth and ten. I, Edward Redeman, in
a full and hoole niynd, make my will in this maner. First, I wil
my Soule to God Almightie, o' Lady Sant Mary, and all the Com-
pany of Hevyn, my body to be buried in a chapell w4n the church
of Harwood, called Redeman chapell. Also I bequeth in the name
of my mortuary, my best whick goods. Also it is my will that my
wiff shall have, receyve and take to her owne use during her lifFe all
maners, lands and tent's and other the p*mis*s and all the p'fetts
and issues, except xxli yerly going out of lands and tent's in Har-
wood p'ish, which shuld grow to Richard Redeman, my sonne, and
Elisab'h, his wiffe, and to theires male of his body lawfully begotten.
And I will that Thoms Stray, and Hary Diks, make a lawfull
joyncto' according to the covenants of the Indentur made betwixt
Sr William Gascoing knight and me for the marriage of my said
sonne Richard and Elisab'h, doghter to the said Sr William Gas-
coing. Also I will that the said maners, lands and tent's, w^ all
of the p'mis's and all the profetts and issues thereof, aff the decesse
of my wiffe, shall remayn to my said sonne, Richard, and to theires
male of his body lawfully begotten, and for defaute of such issew, I
will that all the p'mis's shall come and grow to Magdalene Redmayn,
my doghter, and to theires male of hir body begotten by any of the
sonnes of oon William Redeman, of twisleton ; and for defaut of
such issew I will that all the p'mis's shall come and grow to thuse
and possession of Jean Redeman, doghter to my sonne Herry
Redeman, and to theirs male of hir body lawfully begotten by any
that hight Rodeinan, and for defaiit of such isshew all the p'miss to
remayn to my nevew, Thomas Preston, and to theirs male of his
body lawfully be^^ottcn ; and for the defaut of such issew I will that
all the p'miss shall remayn and grow to theires of my body; also
where that I have nsiiyd xl li of lands for terme of yeres, ly\'e or
lyves, to be disposed and ordered at my will by indentures of

REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 103

couenants made betwixt Sr William Gascoyng, knyght, and me for
the marriage of my son Richard and Elisab'h, doghter of the said
Sr William Gascoing, I will that the foresaid xl li of landes so
resued be ordord and disposed for the welle of my soule and mariage
of my doghter, Magdalene, at the sight of my wiff, Thoms Stray and
Herry Diks be recond afor Robt Rede and his felows. Also I will
that my doghter, Alice Redeman, have an anuyte of the yerly valew
of XX marks of the said xl li of landes so resuyd during hir liff, soe
that she delyver or cause to be deliverd the indento' made betwixt
my lord Archbishop Sauage and me of the mariage of my sonne
Herry and the said Alice.

Also I will and make my wiff, and my sonne Richard, myn execu-
tors and have the hole disposition of my goods for the welle of my
soule and the payment of my detts. Also I bequeth to my house-
hold s'u*nts a certayn of my moveable goods at the sight of my wiff
and my sonne Richard. Also I desir my brod' Sr John Huddelston
to be good brod*" to my wiff, and good maister to my s'u*nts, and
desir hym to have the oversight to the p'fo'mance of my will. These
witnes, Henry Diks, John Stodelay, preist, Robert Sherman and
William Cowper.

This will exhibits Edward's keen, almost pathetic,
anxiety that the inheritance which he was about to leave
should at least continue to be associated with the name
Redman. At the time of making it his elder son, Henry,
had died without male offspring. Richard was married
to Elizabeth Gascoigne, but no son had been born to
them, nor indeed was a son born to Richard until eighteen
years later. Thus there seemed to be a strong probability
that the next generation would contain none " that hight
Redeman.'* To guard as far as possible against this un-
desirable contingency, Edward leaves his lands, in default
of male issue of his son Richard, to his daughter Mag-
dalen and her heirs begotten by a Redman, of Twisleton,
and failing such heirs, to his granddaughter Joan and her
heirs male similarly begotten by a Redman. And it was

104 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

only in case of this third failure to perpetuate the family
name that the inheritance was to pass into Preston
hands.

The following inquisitions, taken after Edward's death,
are interesting as giving a detailed description of the
Redman possessions at this time : —

INQUISITION taken at Kirkby, in Kendale, Co. Westmoreland,
14 Jany., 2 Hen. VIII., post mortem of Edward Redmayne. Jurors
say that Edward was seized of . . . acres of land, 40 acres of
meadow, 100 acres of wood, 500 acres of pasture, 2000 acres of
furze and heath, and 40 solidates of rent in Leyvens, in county
aforesaid; and of 40 messuages, 1,000 acres of land, 100 acres of
meadow, 3,00,) acres of furze in Lupton ; of 2 messuages, 80 acres
of land, 40 acres of meadow in Hinton ; of i messuage, 40 acres of
land, and 10 acres of meadow in Hencaster; and i messuage, 10
acres of land, ih acres of meadow in Henshill ; and he enfeoffed
John Huddleston, Knight, and others of the same to the use of said
Edward and (Lady) Elizabeth Leigh, then widow, for term of their
lives. And Joan Redmayne, daughter of Henry Redmayne, son of
said Edward Redmayne is his heir, and one year old and more; and
and said Edward died 27th Sepr. last past. Eschaetors' Inquisitions.
(File 1 16, No. 3).

INQUISITION taken at Wearbv, Co. York, 14 Novr., 2 Hen.
VIII., post mortem of Edward Kedmayn. Jurors say that said
Edward was seized of a moiety of the Castle and Manor of Hare-
wood ; of 2 messuages, 80 acres of land, 30 acres of meadow, and
6 acres of pasture iii Harwood, Otley Pole, and Holynhall ; and, by
deed 1 Hen. VII., enfeoHed John Huddleston, Knight, and others of
the same to the use of said Edward and Elizabeth Lighe, then
widow, and afterwards his wife ; remainder to Richard, his son, and
Elizabc^th, his wife, and their heirs male, and in default to Magdalen
Reduiayn, daughter of said Edward, and heirs male by any son of
Wni. Reduiavn. of Twysleton. And said Edward died 27th Sepr.
last past, and joau Rediuayn is cousin and heir of Edward, to wit,
daughter of Henry Reduiayn, son and heir of said Edward, and one
vear old and uiore. (Eile 217, No. 18).

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 105

INQUISITION taken at Harwood, Co. York, loth June, 6 Hen,
VIII. (1515) p.m. Edward Redmayn, late seized of the Manor of
Hollyng Hall, and 2 messuages, 400 acres of land, etc., in Otley
Poole, Hollyng Hall ; and of 12 messuages, 100 acres of land, etc.,
in Harwode, and moiety of the Manor of Harwode; and in i
Hen. VIII. enfeoffed John Huddleston Knt., and others of the same
to the use of the said Edward, and of Elizabeth Leigh afterward his
wife, etc. fFile 218, No. 13.)

Edward's will and inquisitions present certain problems
which, on such information as we possess, are exceedingly
difficult to solve. In the Yorkshire inquisition (14 Nov.,
2 Henry VIII.) there is a reference to a settlement on his
marriage with Elizabeth Leigh made in the first year of
Henry VII. (1485), with remainder to Richard, his son,
and Elizabeth, his wife. It is evident that either the
transcript is incorrect or the effect of the limitation in the
settlement at the time of the inquisition is given rather
than the language of the instrument itself, since it was
not possible for Edward to have had a married son in
1485, when he himself had not yet reached his thirtieth
year.

Again, how are we to reconcile the fact that in the in-
quisitions Edward's granddaughter, Joan, is described as
his heir, to the exclusion of his son Richard ; while in his
will his son Richard becomes entitled on the determina-
tion of the widow's life estate, and Joan's interest in
the inheritance is deferred even to that of her aunt
Magdalene ?

It is possible that Edward was twice married and that
there was a settlement on his first marriage, under which
Joan took as heir of her father, Henry ; and a further
settlement on his marriage with Elizabeth Leigh under
which Richard takes on his elder brother's death. What-
ever may be the explanation of the mystery (and there

io8 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Grace" terminated, it is impossible to say. We know,
however, that he did not, like Darcy, lose his head as
the result of the adventure.

In the following year he was the hero of an unpleasant
incident in Westmorland while hunting in the park of
his neighbour, young Walter Strickland of Sizergh, who,
although he was a youth still in his teens, had been one
of Aske's followers and had been compelled to sue for
pardon from the Duke of Norfolk for himself and the men
of Kendal.

On the 17th March, 1537, Anthony Layton, a relative
of Richard*s wife, deposed that " Richard Redman
shewed him that divers of the parish of Heysam (Hever-
sham) came to his house, 14 Jany., to swear him to the
custom of Kendall and he refused ; also that on the 15th,
John Stanes, with some 200 persons, took Redman while
hunting in Sizar Park and caused him to swear.*'

In this year, and again in 1539, 4^ ^"d 42, he appears
as " Ric. Redmayn, knight,*' among the magistrates for
the county in which he was the victim of such high-
handed proceedings ; while in 1537 he was on the grand
jury panel for York, and in the list of freeholders in the
West Riding. Two years later he figures in the list of
** all gentilmen within the schyer of Westmoreland " ; in
the muster-roll for the West Riding of Yorkshire, we
find the household of Ric. Redman, Esq., of Harewood
Castle ; and, still in this year 1539, he was engaged with
Sir Marmaduke Tunstall (son of Sir Brian, of Flodden,
and father-in-law of William Redman, of Ireby) in the
muster of the Wapentake of Yewcross taken by them on
Bentham moor. (Letters and Papers, Hen. VIII.,
F. & D., vols, xii to xvii.)

Richard was twice married, (i) as we have seen from

REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 109

his father's will, to Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William
Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, who was probably his playmate
as a boy ; and (2) to Dorothy, daughter of William Lay-
ton, Esq., of Dalmain, in Cumberland. Dorothy was not
improbably a sister, certainly a near relative, of the Grace
Layton, daughter of Sir William, of Dalmain, who at the
same time was wife to Thomas Redman, of Ireby. The
Laytons were an old knightly family who had been lords
of Dalmain, in the Barony of Greystoke, since the days
of Henry III.

This third Richard of Harewood died in 1544, and the
following are copies of the inquisitions taken after his
death : —

INQUISITION taken at Appleby, Co. Westmoreland, the 14
Augt., 36 Hen. VIII. (1545), p.m., Richard Redmayn — ^Jnrors say
that said Richard was seized of the Manor of Lewyns in said Co.,
and of 40 messuages, 1,000 acres of land, 50 acres of meadow, 200
acres of pasture, 100 acres of wood, 40s. rent, 50 acres of moor, 80
acres of moss or turf, 40 acres of furze in Lewyns (Levens), Malyn-
hall, Hyndcastle, Brythwaith, Synderbarow, Brygster, ffosiwayts,
Lesgyll, Selside, and Kirkby-in- Kendal, and by indenture between
him and Richard Layton, clerk, deceased, concerning a marriage
between said Richard and Dorothy, daur. of Wm. Layton, Esqr.,
granted the aforesaid Manor and premises to said Richard Layton,
John Tunstall, chaplain, and another to the use of aforesaid Dorothy.
And Sir Richard Redmayn was also seized of 6 messuages, 100 acres
of land, etc., in Lupton and Hutton Ruff, and granted the same to
Richard Fletcher and others to certain uses specified.

Richard Redmayn, of Harwood, grants to Sir Anthony Brown
the wardship and marriage of his son, Matthew ; and being seized
of a capital messuage and lands, etc., in Hutton Ruff, granted the
same to Richard Layton and others, to the use of Francis Red-
mayne, Cuthbert Redmayne and Richard Redmayne for terms of
their lives. And Matthew Redmayne is son and heir of said
Richard, and 17 years old at his father's death. (File 137, No. 3.)

no REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

INQUISITION taken at Snayth, Co. York, 14 Aug., 36 Hen.
VIII., p.m. — Richard Redman, who died seized of a moiety of the
Castle and Manor of Harwood and advowsons of the churches,
chantries, etc., belonging to the said castle. (File 241, 29,)

Richard left behind him five sons and four daughters,
probably all of them children of Dorothy Layton ; the
eldest of them being born eighteen years after his grand-
father's death, when we know Richard had for wife Eliza-
beth Gascoigne. The five sons were —

(i) Matthew, of whom next.

(2) William, who is mentioned in conjunction with
his elder brother as stated hereafter.

(3) Francis, whose life estate is mentioned in his
father's Westmorland inquisition above.

(4) Cuthbert, whose life estate is mentioned in the
same inquisition, and of whom more fully later.

(5) Richard, whose life estate is mentioned as above ;
and the four daughters were : —

(i) Ann, who became the wife of John Lambert, Esq.,
of Calton in Craven, and whose grandson was John
Lambert, the famous parliamentary general, Cromwell's
supporter and later rival, and the leading spirit of the
cabal which overthrew his son, Richard. Ann's daughter
Aveline married William Redman, of Ireby, and thus
united in her descendants the lines of Harewood and
Thornton-in-Lonsdale.

(2) Grace, who married Richard Travers of Nateby
(or Neatby), Lancashire.

(3) Maud, who married Christopher Irton, of Irton,
Cumberland. One of her descendants, Thomas Irton, was
knighted by the Earl of Surrey on the field of Flodden.

(4) Margaret, who married Thomas Gargrave of
Bolton-in-Craven.

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112 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Matthew (VI.)
Last Redman Lord of Harewood.

With Richard's eldest son and successor, the sixth
Matthew of his Hne, we reach the last of the half-dozen
Redman lords of Harewood ; and it was this boy of
seventeen who was destined to destroy the splendid fabric
which a dozen generations had raised for him. We have
seen from the inquisitions of his father and grandfather
what a magnificent heritage had been accumulated through
nearly four centuries to descend to this prodigal son ; but
we search the records in vain to find mention of a single
rood of all the square miles of Redman lands which he
left behind him.

What form his prodigality took we may never know ;
but just as Alan Bellingham, nearly a century later,
squandered his fine patrimony at Levens, so this thir-
teenth head of the Redman family played "ducks and
drakes " with his ancestral lands ; and the very time and
place of his death are unknown.

As w^e have seen, Matthew had four years of minority
before him under the guardianship of Sir Anthony (?
Humphrey) Brown, when his father died in 1544. ^^
1548, when he had reached his majority, he gave an ac-
count of his estate to the escheator of Yorkshire, from
which it appears that he owned the manor of Levens,
with lands in Malynghall, Hind Castle, Birthwaite, and
Kirkby-in- Kendal, in Westmorland, which he held of the
King by knight's service ; a moiety of the manor of Hare-
wood and the Castle there ; and lands in Selside, Laj^ton,
Keswick, and Carleton, in Yorkshire, which he held of the
King in chief. (Harleian MSS. 4630, p. 484). Thus we
see that Levens and Selside still remained in Redman

REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 113

hands after more than three centuries and a half of owner-
ship ; and Harewood after a lapse of over a century and a
half.

In 1561 Matthew appears to have disposed of estates in
Westmorland to Alan Bellingham, who a few years later
(1568) was to gain possession of Levens, Hencaster,
Heversham, and many another fine Redman property in
that county.

Indenture, 18 June, 3 Elizabeth, between Matthew Readman, of
Harwood, Co. York, Esquire, and Alan Bellingham, of Helsington,
Co. Westmorland, of a bargain and sale of lands and tenements in
VVhinfell (Quhinfell), Kendal, which was sometime the estate of Sir
Edward Redman, grandfather of the said Matthew.

Five years later Matthew was called upon " to shew by
what title he held the Manor of Harewood." (Jones's
Index to Originalia). His further dealings with the Red-
man estates are illustrated by the following fines for the
Tudor period : —

1 55 1. Robert Atherton — Wm. Ryther, Esqr., Humphrey Brown

Kt. and Agnes, his wife, and Matthew Redman Esqr. —

pasture land and the moiety of the site and Castle of

Harewood.
1560 Alexr. Rysheworthe and Ed. Boiling, gents. — Matthew

Redman Esq. and John Pleysington, messe. with lands,

Harewood, Wardeley, etc.
1562. Richard Appleyard and Geo. Bentley — Matthew Redman

Esq. — Manor of Harwood and 30 messes with lands in

Harwood and Keswyke.
1570. Edward Mawde — Matthew Redman Esq. — pasture land

in Harewood.
1573. \Vm. Redman, gentn. — Matthew Redman Esqr. — messes,

cottes and lands in Harwood, Hetherycke, Werdeley,

etc., also the moiety of the Manor of Harewood.

114 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

1574.5. James Ryther and William Plumpton — Matthew Redman

Esqr. and William Redman, gentn. — ditto.
1600. 32 Eliz. Warrant against Rither, etc., and against Mat-
thew Redman and William — Castle, etc., of Harewood.
Easter Tcrm^ 32 Eliz., 7600,

Robert Chamberlin Esq., John Gregory, Esq., and Henry

Atkinson Esq., plaintiffs.
Henry, Earl of Kent, John Pigott, Esq., John Leighfield
Sac. Theo. Bach., Robert Rither Esq., Edith Rither,
Mary Rither.
Helena Rither, Robert Stapleton Kt., Wm. Middleton

Esq.
Henry Bellasis Esq., Robt. Oglethorpe Esq., Wm. Ogle-
thorpe, his son and heir apparent, and Ralph Conyston,
deforciants.
The castle and manor of Harewood and 30 messes and 30 cottes
with lands and the frank pledge in Harwood, Bondgate, Newhall,
Stocton, Lofthouse, Hetherwood, Gawthorpe, etc., etc.

A warrant against James Rither, father of Wm. Rither and
g'father of Robert, Edith, Mary, and Helena, and against Matthew
and William Readman.

The William Redman, whose name appears in these
fines, was no doubt Matthew's brother and next in the
entail.

Matthew Redman married Bridget, daughter of Sir
William Gascoigne — the last of three alliances between
the neighbouring families of Harewood Castle and Gaw-
thorpe Hall.

He appears to have clung to his Harewood possessions
until the last year of the sixteenth century when he would
be seventy-two years of age. What became of him after he
had stripped himself and posterity of the last of his estates
is, to the best of my knowledge, unknown. Nor is any-
thing known of the careers of his brothers, with the ex-
ception of

REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 115

CUTHBERT.

As we have seen, Cuthbert was one of Sir Richard's
three younger sons who enjoyed a life interest in certain
lands in Hutton Roof. When the time came for him to
seek a wife he wooed and won his fair kinswoman, Eliza-
beth, one of the daughters of Sir Oswald Wilstrop, by his
wife Agnes, daughter of Thomas Redman, of Bossall, who
through her mother, Anne Scrope, was descended from
the noble families of Scrope of Bolton, Scrope of Masham,
and Zouche. (Flower's Visitation 0/ Yorks. 1563-4, Harl.
Soc, vol. xvi.)

Cuthbert must have been in the early thirties when he
was induced to take part in the conspiracy, headed by the
Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland, to liberate
Mar}', Queen of Scots, from durance, and place her on the
throne of England. The rising ended ignominiously with-
out a blow being struck for the fair prisoner, and Cuthbert,
who is described as "of Oosbume" (probably Little Ouse-
burn), was among those who were later " indyted of
conspiracy." He appears to have settled in the neigh-
bourhood of Whitby, where he owned lands.

In 1577 he levied a fine against Anne Wilstrop, widow,
for the manor of Borrowbye and Newton, and lands in
Foxholes and Claxton.

In 1581 Ann Wilstrop and Cuthbert and Elizabeth, his
wife, suffer fines in respect of lands at Borrowbye, Newton,
and Foxholes.

In 1589 Cuthbert and Elizabeth, his wife, suffer a fine
in respect of six messuages and lands in Foxholes ; and
in 1596 Wilstrop Redmayne and Jane, his wife, suffer a
fine of the Manor of Borrowby, in Lythe; and again,
in 1599, of lands at Nawmger, Acreynges and Newton
Moor, parish of Lythe,

xi6 REDMANS ^F LEVJEMS AiND MAREWOOD.

(Borrowby and Newton are .both in the parish of Lythe,
near Whitby. Foxholes is in the wapentake of Pickering-
Lythe; and Claxton is near Bossall).

The Wilstrop Redman, mentioned above, was in all
probability Cuthbert*s son or grandson. He married (i)
Jane, 1596-9 and (2) Grace Leadbitter, of the parish of
Leeds. In the licence for his second marriage (1608) he
is described as " late of Newton, formerly of York Castle.^
(Paver's Marriage Licences.)

A son of Cuthbert was probably Thomas Redman of
Newton, parish of Lythe, and of " Usburne," who married
Isabell (a recusant in 1604), and whose will is dated 1593.
Isabel's will appears in 1615 ; and nine years earlier we
find in the Yorkshire wills, the will of a William Readman,
of Stowbrowe, parish of Fylinge (where Isabel died), who
may conceivably have been another son of Cuthbert.
Cuthbert had at least one daughter, Ellinor, who became
the wife of Edward Wythes, of Westwick. (Pedigree of
Wythe, of Westwick.)

117

THE REDMANS OF BOSSALL.

CHAPTER XIV.

The Bishops of Ely and Norwich.

T71ROM Harewood there was one important offshoot,
J- the line of Bossall, which although presenting few
notable features of interest, was for five generations a
family of wealth and position and, in all probability,
counted among its members one of the ablest and most
prominent of Redmans — Richard, Abbot of Shap and
Bishop of three English dioceses.

The founder of this family of Bossall was Richard
Redman, whom there is every reason to identify as the
younger son of the Speaker by his first wife, Elizabeth
Aldeburgh. He has already appeared more than once in
these pages — in 1426, when he paid ten marks for acquir-
ing from his father the Cumberland manor of Blencogo,
granted to Sir Richard by his Sovereign ; and again in
1449-50 when he granted to his nephew, the second Sir
Richard, certain lands at Hincaster.

Richard had land at Newton, in Whitby Strand ; and
he had also an oratory in his Manor of " Boshall and
Seton."

His grandson, Thomas, who died in August, 1514,

married Anne, daughter and co-heir of Robert Scrope, son
of Henry, Lord Scrope of Bolton, and grandson of John,
Lord Scrope of Masham and Upsal. Through her great-

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REDMANS OF BOSSALL. 119

grandmother, Lady Margaret Neville, daughter of Ralph,
Earl of Westmorland, Anne could claim a direct descent
from the third Henry. It was Thomas's granddaughter,
Elizabeth, who became the wife of Cuthbert Redman, of
Harewood, whom we have already considered.

Dr. Richard Redman, Bishop of St. Asaph, Exeter,

AND Ely.

But the Bossall family is chiefly interesting from the
strong probability that it produced in Dr. Richard Red-
man, Bishop of St. Asaph, Exeter, and Ely one of the
greatest of all the great churchmen of the fifteenth cen-
tur)\ It has been stated, notably by the late Sir George
Duckett, in his Duchetiana, p. 32, that Richard, the bishop,
was the second son of Sir Richard, I., of Harewood, and
Elizabeth Aldeburgh ; but a very slight consideration of
dates should have made this affiliation impossible.

Richard was an Oxford undergraduate in 1449 (Clarke's
Register of Oxford University), twenty-three years after
the Speaker's death and thirty-one years after that of
Elizabeth Aldeburgh. Even assuming that he was as old
as twenty-five at this time — a not very probable age for
an undergraduate — and thus that he was born in 1424, he
would still be half-a-dozen years younger than the second
Richard, the Speaker's grandson and successor.

More impossible still is the suggestion that he may have
been a son of this second Sir Richard. In this event he
must have been junior to Edward, Richard's second son,
who was born in 1456 ; and he could not well have come
into the world before 1457. And yet the Richard we are
considering was appointed Bishop of St. Asaph in 1468,
eleven years after the earliest possible date of his birth
under this supposition.

120 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

It thus appears that he must have belonged to the same
generation as the second Richard of Harewood ; and the
balance of probability is that, as Colonel Parker was, I
believe, the first to suggest. Bishop Richard was a grand-
son of the Speaker and son of Richard of Bossall.

He appears to have been educated at Cambridge as well
as at Oxford, and became later a regular Canon of the
Premonstratensian Order in the Abbey of Shap, of which,
as we have seen, his ancestors were benefactors, being
promoted later to the offices of Abbot and Visitor of the
Order. His connection with the Abbey of Shap covered
thirty-seven of the best years of his life, during which he
worked for it and for his Order with a rare devotion.

There is in the British Museum a transcript of a most
interesting register of the Premonstratensian Order which
contains a large number of the letters, citations, injunc-
tions, etc., of Richard Redman, when abbot of Shap and
visitor of the English province. I venture to reproduce
a few from Dr. Gasquet's edition of this register. A lai^e
number of similar notes will be found in the Rev. Joseph
Whiteside's interesting volume, Shappe in Bygone DaySf
pp. 159 et seq.

Sec. 37. Richard Redman appears on the scene as commissary-
general of Simon of Premontre, nth September, 1458; be warns
the Abbot of Welbeck to present subsidies at the approaching visit-
ation ; he will visit Welbeck on the gth of December, and he is to
be met and provided for on the 8th at Papplewick, eight miles north
of Nottingham.

38. On March 4th, 1458-9, Simon of Pr6montr6 recalls former
commissions to the Abbats of Begham and St. Radegund^s and con-
fers powers anew on Redman, de cujus fide^ industria^ discretiotu,
priidcntia ct Ordinis zelo^ quern et quas, velut aurum in fornau proba-
vimiis.

In 1466 Redman was appointed Visitor fbr twelve yearat

REDMANS OF BOSSALL. 121

about five years later he asks for a renewed commission because the
last was much spoiled by the wet, the wax of the seal being reduced
to a pulp. Although in 1485 Redman informs Hubert of Pr6montr6
that the English houses are in difficulties, three years later he is
congratulate I by Herbert that the houses are prosperous; and in
the same year after assuring Herbert of his good faith and explain-
ing his difficulties, he adds that he has sent a white ambler, honestum
et preciosuntj but unfortunately pirates had captured it. He sends,
however, by bearer, by way of substitute, 2 ) nobles and asks for a
new commission.

In 1488 Redman orders the Prior of Sulby to govern the house in
place of the dead Abbot and not to allow any of the canons to go
wandering forth and chattering, until he can find time to preside at
an election. In October he will be at Cockersand for an election
there ; all canons must attend and not in the meautime gossip with
outsiders.

On March 28th, 1493, while lodging in London, he asks the Abbat
of Pr6montr6 not to heed the tales of runaway canons, but to send
them back to be dealt with.

On October 26th, 1466, Redman has a protection from the King
that he may suffer no harm or violence while travelling, from any
envious persons or their accomplices.

Redman seems to have exhibited remarkable zeal in the
discharge of his duties as abbot and visitor, and by his
example and authority to have infused a healthy spirit into
the houses under his control. He must have been an ex-
ceedingly busy man, since in addition to his manifold and
arduous duties in connection with the abbey and his order
he had for many years to conduct all the episcopal work
of an important diocese. Indeed he is at times compelled
to plead the great pressure of his work ; as when he writes
that he is ^^ plurimis et arduis negotiis modo in dies pre-
peditus, but he will be at Greta Bridge on February 5th,
1492, on his way to St. Agatha's."

Richard was appointed to the bishopric of St. Asaph in

122 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

1468, the licence for his consecration being dated October
1471. During this, his first bishopric, he is said to have
restored the cathedral of St. Asaph, which had been partly
destroyed by fire by Owen Glendower's fanatical followers,
nearly three-quarters of a century before ; and to have been
implicated in the rebellion of the impostor, Simnel, the
Pope himself adjudicating on the charge. In 1492 he was
engaged as commissioner in treating with the Scots for
peace ; and in the following year reached the dignity of
membership of the Privy Council. On the death of Dr.
Oliver King, bishop of Exeter, Richard was appointed his
successor ; and, four years later, he was transferred to Ely.
This was the last of his many promotions ; for after a four
years' tenure of the Ely bishopric he died at Ely House,
Holborn, on August 24th, 1505.

The following is a brief abstract of the bishop's will,
which is dated i8th August, 1505, and is in Latin : —

I bequeath my body to be buried in the Cathedral Church of Ely,
near the high altar there, where I have appointed and elected my
tomb ; and I bequeath 100 li. for the expenses of my burial.

Item, for the expenses on the eighth day, 20 li.

For the expenses on the thirtieth day, 30 li.

Item, to each of the four orders of friars in Cambridge, 20s.

To the Prior of Ely, 20s., if he happens to perform the office of
exequies and mass on the day of my burial.

To each monk of ICly present at my said exequies and mass, 6s. 3d.

Item, I becjucath to the fabric of the Cathedral Church of Ely,
100 marks.

Item, to be distributed among the poor at my burial, 20 li.

To the Abbess and Convent of Chartres, 40s.

To the Prioress and nuns of Sopham, 20s.

To the Prioress and nuns of Vkleton, 20s.

To the Prioress and nuns of Denhay, 20s.

Item, to the monastery of the Blessed Mary Magdalene of Heppa,
over vvliich I now rule, all niv stock there of oxen and horses, inv

REDMANS OF BOSSALL. 123

household utensils, silver and gilt vessels and sums of money re-
maining there, upon condition that the abbot and convent shall
suffer my executors to pay out of such sums of money what they
shall think meet to distribute among my kmsfolk and servants, the
residue then remaining to the said monastery.

I will that all my domestic or household servants shall receive
one year's wages, and meat and drink for six months.

Item, I ordain my executors Master James Hobart, Knight, attor-
ney of our lord the King, John and John, abbots of Wyndham and
Terhaiii in the diocese of Norwich, Master William Thomburgh,
doctor of laws, Master Leonard Midelton, doctor of decrees, and
my nephew, Henry Dukett, my steward and kinsman, and Edward
Chambre, my auditor of accounts of the Bishopric of Ely.

Proved 24 October, 1505, by John, Abbot of Wymondham, and
Edward Chambre, with power reserved, etc. (P. C. C. Holgrave 38.)

The Bishop was buried in Ely Cathedral, where a mag-
nificent altar-tomb perpetuates his memory. Of this tomb
Cole (MS. 41, p. 113) gives the following description : —

On the south side of the altar-tomb are three coats : i. Gules,
two keys endorsed and a sword run through them, all en saltire, or ;
the original arms of the see of Exeter ; 2nd. in a larger shield the
arms of Bishop Redman, ist and 4th, gules, 3 cushions ermine,
tassels or, 2nd and 3rd. gules, a lion rampant argent ; 3rd, gules, 3
coronets, or, for the see of Ely. At the foot of the altar-tomb, a
very small coat of Ely bishopric. On the other side of it half Red-
man, viz. : 3 cushions and a lion rampant under them, impales
Exeter as before ; on the other side, half of Redman, as before, im-
pales Ely.

Dr. William Redman, Bishop of Norwich.

Nearly a century after the death of Richard, Bishop of
Ely, there died another Redman bishop — who, from his
arms, also appears to have sprung from Harewood,
although his connection with that branch of the family

124 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

has not, I believe, yet been traced — to whom the Calendar
to the State Papers contains this reference : —

1602, October 15. Dr. Redman, Bishop of Norwich, is dead —
" one of the wisest of his coat."

Dr. William Redman, Bishop of Norwich, was the only
son of John Redman, of Great Shelford, Cambridge, and
Margaret, his wife. He entered Trinity College, Cambridge
(of which, by the way, one of his family. Dr. John Red-
man, was the first Master), in 1558^ and took his bachelor's
degree five years later. In 1571 he was appointed rector
of Ovington, Essex. In 1589 he became Canon of
Canterbury, and, after other preferments, was appointed
Bishop of Norwich in 1594. He married Isabel Calverley,
who survived him eleven years ; and died in 1602, leaving
four sons and as many daughters. He was one of the
executors of Archbishop Grindal, of York and Canterbury.
(Corpus Athenae Cantab., Nat. Diet. Biog., etc.)

Many members of the bishop's family are buried in the
church of Great Shelford, and the abundant information
given in their epitaphs, which follow, make it easy to con-
struct this pedigree : —

John Redman = Margaret= (2) Chris. Torrbll, Esq.
of Gt. Shelford, Cambs*.
gent., ob. 1558.

Archdeacon of Canterbury,
Bishop of Norwich,. ob. 1602.

WlLLlAM = ISABEL CALVERLBY, ANNE = (i) COLWELL.

ob. 1613. (2) H. Jackson,

of London.

i \ \ \ \ i i ^1

William. Drew. Hardres. John. Sarah. Elizabeth. Afra. Mary.

ob. ante ob. ante ob. 1612

1613. 1613.

The following epitaphs are in the church of Great
Shelford, Cambridge. Against the north wall : —

REDMANS OF BOSSALL. 125

Of your charyte pray for the sowle of JOHN REDMAN, which
decessed the XXVIII day of September, Ao D'ni MoVoLVIII, and
lyeth here biiryed under this stone, whose soule God p'do\

Here lyeth interred expecting a joyful! resurrection, the mortal
part of ISABEL REDMAN, widowe, late wife of the reverend
father WILLIAM REDMAN, Lord Bishop of Norwich, to whome
she brought 4 sonnes, William, Drew, and Hardres surviving, and
John deceased; and as many daughters, Sary, Elizabeth, Afra, and
Mary ; the first and last dying before her. A gentle woman endued
in good measure with the blessings of nature, fortune and grace, but
especially this last, which enabled her to direct all her actions in
piete and patience in this transitory life towards the attaining the
aeternall, to which in Christ she was called the VII day of Decem-
ber, in the yeare of grace, 1613. To whose sacred memory her
loving Sonne, Wm. Redman, Esquire, hath mourninge erected and
consecrated this present monument of his sorrow, love and dutye,

To the loved memorie of mi deare sister, MARY REDMAN, a
young gentealwoman enriched above her age with all maidenly
vertues, whom too hasty death in the prime of her yougthe pluckt
as a faire flower from the face of the earth to sticke in the bosom of
heaven, to which she alwaies aspired, Ao Domini, 16 12, and lieth
buried in this parish ; as also of my brother and sister, JOHN and
SARA, who both died infants and are buryed, he in Saint Mary
Acte's Church, she in Christ's Church in Canterbury ; theyr loving
brother, Wm. Redman, Esquire, hath dedicated this testimony of his
affection.

Adjoining Arms at the east end of the chancel : —

Az., on a chief erm., a lipn rampant. Crest : on a cap of main-
tenance a lion rampant, issuant.

126 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Monument against the S.E. wall : —

Crest defaced ; gules, a cross sable, between four cushions sable,
tasseled or.

1615. Beati sunt mortui qui nioriuntur in Domino.

To the revered memory of Master JOHN REDMAN, of this
Parish, gentleman, and Margaret his wife, after his decease maryed
to Christopher Torrell, Esquire, both buryed in this Church, their
loving grandchild, William Redman, Esquire, hath dedicated and
inscribed this small witness of his greater dutie. They had issue
one Sonne, William, sometime Archdeacon of Canterbury, and after
lord bishop of Norwich, married to Isabel Calverly, hereunder
intered ; one daughter Anne, first married to Collwell, and after to
H. Jackson, of London.

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HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 129

Robert de Romelli, one of William's soldiers. Thus, long
before the close of the eleventh century we find the old
Saxon lords of Harewood displaced and a Norman warrior
reigning in their stead, lord of more splendid possessions
than were ever theirs.

Romelli's daughter and heiress, Cecily, married William
de Meschines, brother of Ranulph, Earl of Chester, and
great-great-nephew of the Conqueror, to whom Henry I.
had granted the large Cumberland barony of Copeland,
which comprised all the land lying between the rivers
Duddon and Derwent and between the lakes Bassen-
thwaite and Derwentwater. The second generation of
Harewood lords thus added to their already vast posses-
sions in Yorkshire a substantial slice of the county of
Cumberland.

William and Cecily were not sparing of their wealth,
part of which they devoted to the founding and rich en-
dowment of a priory at Embsay ; and when William was
gathered to his fathers, his widow endowed the priory
with more fat lands in honour of her lord's memory. Two
sons appear to have been born to Cecily — Ralph and
Matthew, — but they must have died young, for she was
succeeded in her possessions by her two daughters and co-
heiresses, Avice and Alice, each of whom, as was natural
to such well-dowered brides, made a splendid alliance.

Alice, who on her mother's death became Lady of the
Skipton fee, found a husband in William Fitz Duncan,
Earl of Murray, owner of the large Cumberland barony of
Allerdale-below-Derwent, and near kinsman to the Scot-
tish King. It was the son of this union, the " Boy of
Egremond," who was so tragically drowned in the waters
of the Strid in Bolton Woods, and whose untimely end

has found such a sympathetic describer in Wordsworth: —

130 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

He sprang in glee, — for what cared he
That the river was strong and the rocks were steep ?
But the greyhound in the leash hung back,
And checked him in his leap.
The boy is in the arms of Wharfe
And strangled by a merciless force ;
For never more was Romelli seen
Till he rose a lifeless corse

Thus perished Fitz Duncan's only son, the child of
great hopes and brilliant expectations, who was not only
heir to a small kingdom in lands, but, as second cousin to
Malcolm, King of Scotland, and in the same nearness of
kinship to Henry II. of England, might even have aspired
to a throne. Of his heartbroken mother Wordsworth
says : —

Long, long in darkness did she sit
And her first words, Let there be
In Bolton, on the Field of Wharfe
A stately Priory.

But to return from this digression which has proved
irresistible, to the strict line of Harewood lords. It was
to Alice's sister, Avice, that Harewood fell with other rich
lands ; and she took them as dower to Robert de Courcy,
Baron of Stoke Courcy, in Somersetshire, who fell in
battle at Coleshill, Wales, in 1157. The next Lord of
Harewood \N'as William de Courcy, son of Robert and
Avice, who married Matilda, a daughter of Roger Gul-
diffre ; and who, after t\N'enty-eight years' tenure of his
inheritance, was followed by his son, also William de
Courcy, who died without issue a dozen years later, in
1197.

Once more we encounter a ladv of Harewood in Wil-
liarn's sister, Alice de Courcy, who became the wife of

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 131

Warine Fitzgerald, chamberlain to King John. Another
Warine Fitzgerald followed, son of Alice de Courcy ; and
in 1208 we find a grant from King John of " free warren
in Harewood, and a fair there every year for three days in
July, and also a market to be held every Monday for agri-
cultural produce." This second Warine Fitzgerald was
succeeded by his only daughter, Margery, who had for
husband Baldwin, son and heir of William de Redvers,
sixth Earl of Devon, and was left a widow in 1216. Ac-
cording to Matthew Paris the unhappy young widow was
forced by King John to marry ** that impious, ignoble
and base-conditioned man, Falk de Breant,'* which mar-
riage inspired the following lines by a contemporary
poet —

Lex connectit eos, amor et concordia Lecti.

Sed Lex qiialis ? Amor qualis ? Concordia qualis ?

Lex exlex ; amor exosus ; concordia discors.

During her widowhood Margery granted the mill of
Harewood to the church of St. Mary of Bolton, " for the
health of my soul, and Warinus, son of Geroldus, my
father, and Alice de Curci, my mother"; and to the
convent of Arthington she gave a moiety of her lands of
Healthwaite, etc. (Harleian MSS.)

Baldwin de Redvers, Margery's son, became, on his
grandfather's death, seventh Earl of Devon and Lord of
Harewood ; and on the death of his son and heir he was
succeeded in his enormous estates by his daughter Isabel,
wife of William de F'ortibus, Earl of Albemarle, who was
lord of the Skipton fee, the manor of Harewood and the
Craven fee thus being reunited after several generations
of severance. Isabel had three sons who died young, and
a daughter, Aveline, who, on the death of her parents.

132 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD^

succeeded to the earldoms of Albemarle and Devon, to
the barony of Skipton, the sovereignty of the Isle of
Wight, and the lordship of Harewood. An heiress so
richly dowered as Aveline was a prize well worth the
winning of a King's son ; and thus it came to pass that
as a young girl of eighteen, as remarkable for her beauty
as for her immense possessions, she was mated with
Edmund Plantagenet, afterwards Duke of Lancaster,
Henry Ill's son, the King and Queen and almost all the
nobility being present at the wedding. Thus for a tew
years there was a Royal lord of Harewood ; but Aveline's
tenure of her vast estates was short, and dying without
issue, they passed into other hands.

Harewood found its next lord in Robert, Lord de Lisle,
of Rougemont, a lineal descendant of Alice de Courcy and
Warine Fitzgerald, who was also lord of many another
manor in Cambridgeshire, Oxfordshire and other counties.
Robert was father of a valiant son in John de Lisle, his
successor in the barony, and to him he gave the manor of
Harewood ** to enable him the better to serve the King in
his wars." Sir John seems to have been a very doughty
knight ; he fought right gallantly against the French at
Vironfosse, was a commander at the seige of Nantes, and
saw a great deal of fighting in Gascony and elsewhere.

Sir John was made a banneret, and " for his good
services done to King, he granted him a pension of £200
a year for life," to support his new dignity ; he was
created a baron for valour in battle — some say on the field
of Crecy ; was made sheriff for life of the counties of Cam-
bridge and Huntingdon, and governor of Cambridge
Castle ; and all these dignities were crowned by his in-
clusion in the first batch of Knights of the Garter at the
institution of that Order.

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 133

On his death, in 1356, from a too well-aimed Gascon
arrow, he was succeeded at Harewood and elsewhere by
his son, Robert de Lisle, third baron, who after a brief
tenure of his dignities and estates died without offspring,
leaving a sister and heiress, Elizabeth, whose hand and
lands were won by William de Aldeburgh, a gallant
knight and trusted friend of Edward Baliol, King of
Scotland.

Aldeburgh.

The family of Aldeburgh, into whose hands the castle
and manor of Harewood now came, counted but three
generations of any real interest to posterity, but they were
generations distinguished by valour and high position.
The father of the new lord of Harewood was Ivo de Alde-
burgh, a great fighter in his day, with a brilHant record of
doughty deeds in the wars waged against the Scots. We
find that in 1298 Ivo lost a dark bay horse in a sally
made, upon the day of Magdalen, on Nesbit Moor, after
the siege of Roxburgh was raised. (Stevenson's Docts.,
illustrative of Scotland.) He lost another horse valued at
loo^, in a sally at Penyerhocke ; and a third charger,
this time a dark grey, when supplies were thrown into
the Castle of Stirling. In fact, to have Ivo on his back
seems to have been almost equivalent to a death certifi-
cate to the 13th and 14th century horse.

In Dods. MS. 35 f. 126-135, we find references to the
payment of Ivo and his two squires when fighting under
Edmund, Earl of Kent ; his name figures in the roll of
King Edward's followers at Dunfermline and elsewhere in
Scotland in 1304 — (the list is endorsed ** Nomina magna-
tum qui morabuntur cum domino Rege apud Dumfermelyn
in guerra Scoc' *') ; and again among the " magnates "

134 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

who served under the King at the siege of Stirling (1304).
In the following year he was appointed sheriff of the
shires of Edinburgh, Haddington, and Linlithgow ; he
was a commissioner of array in Tyndale in 131 1 ; in 1321
he was sheriff of Rutland county and custos of the castle
of Oakham ; and six years later he was treating for peace
with Robert Bruce, King of Scotland.

Such was Ivo, father of William de Aldeburgh, who
won a well-dowered bride in Elizabeth de Lisle, Lady of
Harewood.

William was less conspicuous than his father as a
warrior, and is chiefly interesting to his descendants as
the friend of Edward Baliol, from whom, as we shall see
later, he received large grants of Scottish lands. In 1368
he was sent on a diplomatic mission to Rome, " to treat
with Pope Urban V.," and he was summoned to Parlia-
ment as a Baron from 8th January, 1371, to 8th August,
1386.

William and Elizabeth de Lisle had three children ; a
son William, the second Baron Aldeburgh, who, in 1388,
was engaged with the fourth Matthew Redman in array-
ing men-at-arms ** for the defence of the realm against
the Scots." He married Margery, daughter of Thomas
Sutton, of Sutton in Holderness, from whose will I quote
later, and died without issue in 1391, his barony falling
into abeyance, and his estates going to his two sisters and
co-heiresses: — (i; Elizabeth, who married (i) Sir Brian
Stapleton, and (2) Sir Richard Redman (L); and (2) Sybil
who became the wife of Sir W. Ryther, of Ryther Castle.

The following pedigree may be useful in making these
descents more clear : —

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 135

John de Lisle = Matildade Ferrers.
of Rougemont, sum-
moned to Parliament
as baron, 25th Nov.,
1350.

Ivo DE Aldeburgh = Maria

Robert, Lord de Lisle
3rd baron of Rougemont,
summoned to Parliament
20 Nov., 1360, ob. s.p.

I I

Elizabeth = William

DE Alde- Catherine

DE Lisle

burgh,
summoned to Parlia-
ment as Baron Alde-
burgh, 8 Jan., 1371 ;
buried at Aldeburgh*
in Richmondshire.

I I I

Elizabeth DE = (i) Sir Brian William de = Margery Sybil de = Sir W.

Aldeburgh. Stapleton. Aldeburgh Sutton. Alde- Ryther

(2) Sir Richd. 2nd baron, burgh. of

Redman (L) ob. s.p. 1391. Ryther

Buried in the Castle.
Friars Prea-
chers at York

Ryther.

The family of Ryther which, through Sir William's
marriage to the Aldeburgh co-heiress, Sybil, was for so
many generations to share the ownership of the castle
and manor of Harewood with the Redmans, had for at
least two centuries and a half been lords of Ryther on the
Wharfe (about two miles from Cawood). As early as
1 150 the name of Walter de Rithre appears as witness to
the foundation charter of the neighbouring nunnery of
Appleton ; and Walter was followed by a long succession
of Rythers, eminent for their services on the battlefield,
in Parliament and in the Church.

One of the greatest of them all was Sir William de
Ryther, who was present at the famous siege of Carl-
averock (1299).

* On the wall of the north aisle of Aldeburgh church there is still to be seen a
brass bearing the effigy of an Aldeburgh knight. The only part of the inscrip-
tion remaining is WILL'S D. ALDKBURGH. From the mixture of plate- and
chain-armour on the knight's figure it has been conjectured that the brass must
date to a p)eriod anterior to 1391 (namely to the date of the first William de
Aldeburgh's death). — Ditchetiana, p. 220.

HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 137

other moiety passed out of the Ryther hands is at the
best a subject for speculation. All that we know is that
in some mysterious way, which may someday be made
clear, the two moieties were reunited in the family of
Wentworth ; and, it is said, were carried into that family
by Margaret Gascoigne, daughter and heir of Sir William
Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, on her marriage to Thomas
Wentworth, high sheriff of Yorkshire.
On this pomt Whitaker says : —

how or when the property of the Redmaynes terminated at Hare-
wood is uncertain. Henry Redmayne, however, had a daughter
and heir, Johanna, married to Marmaduke, fourth son of Sir William
Gascoigne, and if the estate was unentailed, one moiety of the manor
of Hare wood may have accrued to the Gascoignes by that match
(we have already seen that it did not. — W.G.) If otherwise, it may
have been sold to them by Matthew Redmayne, who also married a
Gascoigne. The moiety of the Rythers must have been purchased
by Gascoigne.

However this may be, it is beyond doubt that the castle
and manor of Harewood were among the possessions of
Sir William Wentworth, son of Margaret Gascoigne and
Thomas Wentworth, and from him they descended to his
son. Sir Thomas Wentworth, the great Earl of Strafford,
Knight of the Garter, and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
It is probable that Lord Strafford never made his home
in Harewood Castle ; he seems to have preferred the
more humble, and possibly more comfortable, hall of
Gawthorpe, which had sheltered Chief-Justice Gascoigne,
his great ancestor, two centuries earlier. It was to this
ancestral home of the Gascoignes, which used to stand a
few hundred yards south of the present Harewood House
and of which tc-day no trace remains, that the greatest
of all the Wentworths loved to escape from the stress and

138 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

rancours of public life, there to forget even his ambitions
for a time in his passion for rustic peace.

How sincere was his love of this country home we can
see from his letters. Indeed this man whose lot was cast
in such a turbulent environment was the most domestic
of men, who under other conditions would have made an
ideal, home-loving country squire. This is how he writes
at Gawthorpe on August 31st, 1624 : —

Our harvest is all in, a most fine season to make fishponds ; our
plums all gone and past ; peaches, quinces and grapes almost fully
ripe, which will, I know, hold better relish with a Thistleworth
palate. These only we country men muse of, hoping in such harm-
less retirements for a just defence from the higher powers, and,
possessing ourselves in contentment, pray with Dryope in the poet : —

" Et si qua est Pietas, ab acuta: vulnere falcis
Et pecoris morsu frondes defendite nostras."

In such a strain of rural contentment might Horace
have written from his Sabine farm, or Virgil from his
father's farm on the banks of the Mincio ; and yet when
Strafford penned these lines he was on the brink of that
turbulent, if splendid career which, after loading him with
honours, ended so tragically, seventeen years later, on
Tower Hill. And again, in 1636, fresh from his almost
regal rule of Ireland, he wrote to Laud from his Gaw-
thorpe retreat :

I am gotten hither to a poor house I have, having been this last
week almost feasted to death at York. Lord ! with what quietness
in myself could I live here, in comparison of that noise and labour I
meet with elsewhere ; and, I protest, put more crowns in my purse
at the year's end, too.

His last thoughts on the scaffold were of his distant
Harewood home, and of the family and servants he had
left there to mourn him : —

HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 139

Next, Lord, was his dying prayer, we commend unto Thee that
family, that house which is now ready to be left desolate, that wife
which by and by shall want a husband, those children which by and
by shall want a father, those servants which by and by shall want a
master. O blessed Lord, be Thou a husband to that widow, a
father to those orphans, be Thou a master to those servants.

After Lord Strafford's execution, Harewood manor with
other large estates descended to his son William, who, on
the re-establishment of the monarchy, was restored to all
his father's honours. This second Earl Strafford, the last
of the long line of Harewood lords connected by ties of
blood, sold the manor and castle in 1657 to two London
merchants, Sir John Cutk^r and Sir John Lewis. That it
was financial embarrassment which compelled Lord Straf-
ford to part with these ancestral possessions is evidenced
by two letters from his lordship to Cutler, asking for an
advance of the purchase money, in one case ** for the
redeeming of some Jewells and towards y® somme y'. Coll
Brigiit is to have, and this must necesarylie be done
to-day.*'

The advertisement of the sale is so interesting that I
am tempted to quote the following passages from it : —

loth Novemb., 1656.
A particular of the castle and mannor of Harwood, conteyneinge
the mannor of Gawthorpe and divers lands, tenem'* and hereditam**
hereafter mentioned, in the county of Yorke, belonging unto the
Right Hono'ble Will'm Earle of Strafford :

The Castle decaied.
The seigniory noble, of a great extent, though formerly greater be-
fore the out parts thereof was cutt of.

The castle of Harwood decaied, yet the stones thereof being
much ashler, and the timber that is left fit for building an hansom
new house, etc., may save a deal of charges in the stone work, or
els (if allowed to tennants of Harwood towno, for repayers and

140 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HAREWOOD.

building) would bee very usefull, and necessary and serviceable for
that purpose, considering it is a market-towne, . . .

There is a charter for a market to bee held every Munday in this
towne of Harwood, w^^ charter was procured by my late lord of
Strafford, about 23 years agoe w'*» 2 head faires besides a fortnight
faier in summer tyme etc. There is a manner of a great extent, w*"*
court leet and court baron, waives and estrayes and fellon goods,
etc., belonging the same, also large comons, the whole Lo* stored
with all kind of wild fowl, the River of Wharfe there affording great
store of fishe, as salmon, trout, chevins, oumers and eyles.

The Lord of the Manner being the impropriat"^ hath the presenta-
tion of the Vicar to the Viccaridge.

In the grounds contained in this particular there is great store of
timber, trees and wood, besides the hedge rowes and besides wood
to be left for the repayer of houses and mill dames, worth at least
2000/*.

The stank or pond att Hollin Hall is well stored with carpes and
eyles. The stank or pond at Gawthorpe w^** trout, roch, gudgeon
and eyles.

Then follows a detailed description of Gawthorpe Hall,
**the materealls of which house, if sould, would raise 500;f
at least," and of the park, garden and orchards.

The court leet and court baron, it is explained, ex-
tended over the following townships : — Harewood, East
Keswick, Wike, Wigton, Weardiey, Weeton-cum-Wescoe-
hill, and Dunkeswick.

The sale was completed on the i6th June, 1657, and
the parties to it were, on the first part, the Rt. Hon.
William, Earl of Strafford ; Thomas Chichiley, of Wim-
px)le, in the county of Cambridge, esquire; John Rush-
worth, of Lincoln's Inn, esquire ; and John Morris, of
London, gentleman. On the second part, John Cutler,
of London, esquire ; on the third part, John Lewis, of
London, esquire; and on the fourth part, George Lulls,
cf the Middle Temple, London, gent., and William
Daynes, of London, gent.

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 141

The price stipulated was as follows : —

Harwood, Gawthorpe, Loftus or Loft- £ s. d.

house, Weardley,Weeton, Dunkeswick,

Huby, Nuby, Wescoe Hill, Swindon,

Rigton, Broad Elves, Wigton, Alwood-

ley. East Keswick, Keirby, including

the Rectory of Harewood, the Great

Tythes, and the Advowson of the

Parish Church. 25,347 ^^ 8

Shadwell and Wike - - - - 2,680 3 6

With Sir John Cutler, into whose hands Harewood
came and to whom reference is made later, we have little
concern. He seems to have made his home at Gawthorpe
Hall, where he led a life of miserly seclusion attended by
one old servant. Maude in his Verbeia says : —

Thither by whim or thrift was Cutler led
To scanty viands and his thrice-laid bed,
Where spidered walls their meagre fate bemoaned
And Misery, the child of Avarice, groaned.

He died in 1693, devising his estates to his daughter,
Elizabeth, wife of the Earl of Radnor, with remainder to
his relative, John Boulter, esquire, who succeeded to the
estates on the death of the countess, three years later,
without issue.

The new owner of Harewood, who also lived at Gaw-
thorpe Hall, proved, according to Thoresby, to be ** a
most worthy gentleman," and charitable withal. After
his death the manor with its appurtenances was sold, in
1738, by his son's trustees, to Henry Lascelles, Esquire,
whose son and successor in the ownership was created
Baron Harewood, in 1790; and on his death, without
issue, five years later, it passed to his cousin, Edward

142 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Lascelles, Esquire, who was created in succession Baron
Harowood, Viscount Lascelles, and Earl of Harewood.
To-day the lands and ruined castle, whose history and
varied fortunes we have traced through more than eight
centuries, form part of the large possessions of his descen-
dant, Henry Ulick Lascelles, fifth and present Earl of
Harewood.

The Castle.

The famous Yc^kshire castle, which was the home of
six generations of Redmans, has for more than two
centuries been a dismantled ruin — which, however noble
in its decay and however picturesque, is but a pathetic
reminder of long-gone days when it so proudly dominated
the broad lands of which its lords were masters.

There seems to be some probability that there was a
castle on the same site at a period not very long after the
Conquest. Camden speaks of one, of which the " Curcies"
were lords in the days of Stephen, when stout baronial
castles rose in hundreds in every part of England ; and,
as some evidence of the existence of this earlier structure,
King, in his History of British Castles, gives drawings of
two windows, which once formed part of the present
building and the design of which clearly indicates Norman
architecture. Of the nature of this alleged parent castle
we can only speculate. If it existed, it no doubt had its
dav of pride and strength, and ultimately yielded its place
to the castle whicii William of Aldehurgh, according to
the accepted opinion, built about the middle of the four-
teenth century as a fitting home for himself and Elizabeth
de Insuhi, his richly-dowered bride.

On this point Mr. Spt-i^'ht says, in his fascinating
volume, Lower Wharf cdalc : —

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 143

Neither in charter, fine nor inqnisition can I find any rlistinct
mention of a castrum at Harewood before the acquisition of the
manor through the marriage of Sir William He Aldeburgh with the
heiress of the de Lisles, or Insula, in 1365. In a charter of the Prior
of Bolton, dated 1352, respecting a chantry of six chaplains in the
church of Harewood, John de Insula, to whom the grant is made, is
described as " Lord of Rongemonte," and there can be little doubt
that the ancient moated manor-hall of Rougemont, on the north
bank of the river, remained the scat of the lords of Harewood down
to the change of ownership in 1365. Moreover in the year follow-
ing, 1366, Sir William de Aldeburgh obtained licence to crenelate
his manor of Harewood, and this is the first distinct information of
a castellated building within the manor.

Whatever may be the truth of this matter, our immedi-
ate concern is with the castle which probably came into
existence five and a half centuries ago, and with which
the Redmans were so long identified. Few of our Eng-
lish castles occupy a more picturesque or dominating
position. Built on a long declivity sloping down to tiie
southern banks of the Wharfe, it commands a prospect of
almost unrivalled beauty. Beneath it spreads the beauti-
ful valley of the Wharfe, far away to the north-west the
horizon is bounded by the hills of Craven, to the east the
lovely country stretches towards York, while immediately
to the south is the picturesque village of Harewood, six
miles removed from the smoke and bustle of Leeds.

The castle, as built by William of Aldeburgh, consisted
of a large, square tower, with massive walls ranging in
thickness from 6 feet in the less exposed parts to gj feet
on the east and more vulnerable side. The dimensions
of the tower are : — on the north, 54 feet ; south, 67 feet ;
east, III feet ; and on the west, 123 feet. "The north
face, which is plain and without projecting towers, con-
tains three storeys, of which the two lower are lighted

144 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

only by narrow loopholes, while the uppermost had large,
square windows, divided by a mullion and transom. The
south front, which is also the loftiest, has a tower at each
corner which projects half its breadth from the main
wall/* Such briefly is the external aspect of this castle of
Harewood, which seems to have relied for its security
chiefly on the height and strength of its massive walls of
freestone. It is probable, however, that this tower by no
means represents the whole of the castle in its prime, and
that a large portii^n of the original structure has dis-
appeared.

On this point Jewell says : —

The extent of the castle whey entire must have been very consider*
able, for we now observe a great quantity of ground around the
remaining building covered with half-buried walls and fragments of
ruins. Dr. Story was at Harewood in 1790 ; he made mention of
this castle, not doubting that it had been a place of great note, aud
pointed out many places which had been adjoining, but now in ruins
and buried in the grass.

The principal entrance to the castle was beneath a
square turret on the east side. Over the portcullised
gateway, lofty enough to admit a knight on horseback,
may still be seen the predestinarian motto of the founder
of the castle, vat sal be sal, flanked on the right by
the Aldeburgh arms of the rampant lion charged with a
fleur de lys on the shoulder, and on the left by the arms
of Edward Baiiol, King of Scotland, — an orle. Theie has
been much speculation as to the relations between Baiiol
and the Aldeburghs, the intimate character of which is so
abundantly attested. Not only do his arms appear thus
prominently displayed over the main entrance to the
castle, but they were to be seen on three shields within
its walls, and even on the tapestry in its chambers. The

HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 145

widow of the second Lord Aldeburgh mentions in her will
(as we shall see later) *• one red tapestry with crimson
border, with the arms of Baliol and Aldeburgh *' ; and she
also bequeaths " one be: t bassinett with head, also one
cuirass which was Ed. Baliol's " ; all of which is eloquent
evidence of the prized friendship which must have existed
between the Scottish King and the family of Aldeburgh.

Indeed there is abundant evidence in the Records of
this intimacy. William de Aldeburgh, the first, was an
esquire of the body and confidential friend of Baliol. He
is described by Edward III. on several occasions as
** Valettus of our beloved and faithful cousin, Edward
Baliol, Kinj^ of Scotland," (Rot. Scot. 24 Ed. III., m.
I) — "Valettus** being equivalent to what afterwards
was designated * f>entleman of the privy chamber * or
* esquire of the body ' about the person of the King."
{Dutchetianay p. 223). He acted as Baliol's trusted am-
bassador to the English King, and received from him
large grants of lands, including ** divers castles and
manors in Galloway."

When Edward Baliol, after his brief tenure of the
Scottish throne, retired to Wheatley, near Doncaster, to
end his days there, it is more than probable that frequent
visits were interchanged between the exiled King and Sir
William Aldeburgh — indeed we find the latter at Wheat-
ley witnessing the charter by which Baliol ceded to Ed-
ward his castle and town of Helicourt in Veymont ; and
it is quite conceivable that Baliol was among the first to
see his arms, fresh from the chisel, displayed over the
gateway of Hare wood Castle.

But to return to the castle. Immediately over the
gateway was the chapel in which may still be seen faint
traces of the sculptured arms of Sutton, Aldeburgh,

146 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Baliol, Vipont and many another ancient family with
which in its prime it was richly embellished. Passing
through the principal entrance we find ourselves in the
great hall — nearly 55 feet long and 29 feet wide — in which
for throe centuries the lords of Harewood entertained
their guests, held their courts, and administered justice.
This hall is chiefly notable for a canopied recess which
was for long mistaken for a tomb, until Whitaker proved
that it was really nothing more gruesome than a side-
board which must have done excellent service during
centuries of banqueting. ** If it is a tomb, whose is it ? "
Dr. Whitaker pertinently asks. " Certainly not the sup-
'posed founder of the castle, for he was buried in the
Parish Church. Besides, who ever dreamt in those dax's
of being interred in unconsecrated ground ? or what heir
Would have permitted so incongruous a circumstance in a
scene of conviviality ? ''

This recess is in the west wall. ** The beautifully
crocketted canopy,'* Mr. Speight says, ** is enclosed in a
rectangular frame of carved stone. The foils of the arch
are cusped, plain, with leaf ornaments in the spandrils,
and there is an excellently wrought vignette of foliage at
the base, terminated in mask-heads. One must lament
the decay of so beautiful and unique an example of four-
teenth century sculpture, now a prey to the element>."

Hilt fascinating as the subject is, there is no space to
describe further in detail tlie architecture of this ancient
castle, with its many chambers, its winding staircase?,
and passages, its dark dungeons, its mysterious vaults, it>
parapets and sally-ports ; and we can only afford a ha>ty
and fearful glance at the neighbouring Gallows Hill, on
which the lords of Harewood strung up the victims of
their summary justice in days when they had the power
of life and death within their small kingdom.

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 147

The castle appears to have been rich in heraldic em-
bellishment. The following is a list of the arms " in
stained glass and graven in stone on the walls of the
castle and chapell," as seen and thus recorded by Glover,
in 1584, during the occupation of the last of the Hare-
wood Redmans : —

(i) Redman~gu\eSj 3 cushions ermine, buttons and tassels, or;
and Daincourt — arg. a fess dancette, between 8 billets, or.

This shield appears really to have been Redman, quartering Alde-
burgh, impaling Daincourt, quartering Strickland.

(2) Huddleston — gules, a fret or.

(3) Aldeburgh — gules, a lion rampant, charged with a fleur de lys.

(4) Baliol—giiles, an orle, arg.

Nos. 3 and 4 were in the Chapel.

(6) Ryilter — az. 3 crescents, or.

(7) Sutton — az. a lion rampant, or, under a bend gobony, arg.
and gules.

(8) Aldeburgh — see No. 3.
(9 & 10) Baliol — see No. 4.

(12) Thwenge — arg. a fess gules, between 3 popinjays vert, col-
lared, or.

(13) Bordesley (or Grauncester) — ermine, on a chief, a Hon passant,
guardant.

(14) Aldeburgh and Sutton — see Nos. 3 & 7.

The last four shields were, according to Glover, "graven in stone
on the walls in the Chappel."

(15) Constable— 'quarterly J gules and vair, over all a bend or.

(16) Ross — gules, 3 water bougets, argent.

(17) Vipont — gules, six annulets, or, 3, 2 and i.

(18) Galloivay — arg. a lion rampant, az. crowned or.

(19) Redman quartering Aldeburgh^ with the Redman crest — '* in
the great chamber of Harwoo I Castle." (Glover).

(20) Ryther, with his qnarterings, surmounted by the Ryther
crest, a crescent. This shield. Glover says, " was made in a
scucheon in metall sett up in the great chamber at Harwoode."
(Harl. MSS. 1394, fo. 339).

148 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Such, then, is a brief and inadequate presentmcDt of
Harevvood Castle in the days of its prime, when mailed
feet trod its corridors and parapets, and gallant knights
sallied forth from its gate with their retinue in all the
splendid trappings of the age of chivalry. " It is not
difficult," Mr. Fletcher says, in his beautifully-produced
History of Yorkshire, " to imagine the scenes which must
have centred round it in the days when knights and
squires and men-at-arms rode up the steep road from the
valley to enter through the portcullised gateway." But
it is not so easy to conjure up a vision of the domestic life
of this grim castle, — of the fair ladies in cowl and wimple,
butterfly or steeple head-dress, in cloaks gay with ar-
morial bearings, and richly-trimmed petticoats, and all
the successive vagaries of the female fashion of three
centuries; and of the furnishings of the rooms in which
they lived and moved.

If I yield to the temptation of quoting liberally from
the will of Margery, widow of the second Lord Aldeburgh
(made in 1391), it is with the object of supplying some
material from which it may be possible to construct a
fairly reliable picture of the internal equipment of the
castle at the time when the great Sir Richard Redman
went there to woo his Aldeburgh bride. The picture
suggested is one of rich colouring, refinement and luxury,
such as one is scarcely prepared to associate with the
grim environment of a medieval fortress.

I give and bequeath to Peter Mauley, my son, one cup of silver,
with a Hd hearing the arms of Mauley and my father. Item, one
silver gilt fatU- with a gilt lid; also one gold ring with a fair diamond ;
also two beds, one of crimson and black with white and red roses,
with three coverlets, two blankets and two Hnen sheets; the other
bed of Northfolk work with foxes, with four coverlets, two blankets

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 149

and two sheets. Also to the same, one red tapestry with crimson
border, with the arms of Baliol and Aldburgh. Also to the same,
seven cushions of scarlet. Also to the same, one doublet with
breastplate. Also to the same, one jak of defence closed with black
velvet.

Also I give and bequeath to John Mauley, my son, £40 ; one bed
of scariet embroidered with a tree and unicorn, with (cellatura) and
tester, three curtains, three scarlet coverlets, two blankets and two
sheets. Also another bed of crimson and grey with vine leaves, two
blankets and two sheets ; also another bed of green and grey, with
birds and rabbits ; also one white dotted pillow ; and one cup of
silver with a lid, with the arms of Sutton and Aldburgh on the knob
of the lid.

Also I give and bequeath to Constance, my daughter, £^0 ; also
one pair (lacqueorum) and one fiUett of pearl of one suit, also one
fiUett of pearl with one treyl of roses, also one other fillett of pearl
with 5 leaves, also 200 pearls of which any one is worth 6d., and 100
of which any one is worth id. Also one scarlet gown trimmed with
ermine, with a hood of the same suit, also a red cloak with hood,
one cloak of scarlet trimmed with mynevor, one red tunic with scar-
let sleeves, one red bed embroidered with a tree and lion lying
down, and the arms of Aldburgh and Tillsolf, with four coverlets,
cradle, etc etc

Also I give and bequeath to Elizabeth de Mauley, my daughter,
200 pearls of one suit, one green bed with red fret work six coverlets
etc, also one coverlet of green and gold with lions. Also I give and
bequeath to Peter de Mauley, my son, one precious red pillow, with
the arms of Scotland, etc. Also I give and bequeath to Elisot, my
housekeeper, £^0 ; to Maria, my husband's nurse, one scarlet gown
furred with gris ; to the Friars Preachers at York, to build a tower,
one mantle furred with mynevor, also one green cloak similarly
furred, with two furred hoods of the same work.

Also I bequeath to Constance, my daughter, a red chest with the
arms of Mauley and Sutton painted upon it. Also I bequeath to
Peter Mauley, my son, one best bassinett with head, also one cuirass
which was Ed. Baliol's, also armour for the arms, legs and feet, also
gauntlets for the hands ; also I bequeath to Constance, my daughter,
two new napkins of Parisian work, and one pair of gloves of the

150 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

same work. Also I bequeath to Elizabeth de Stapylton one gold
ring inscribed, " Jesn be my help/*

There is little doubt that Harewood Castle had tenants
for some years after it ceased to shelter a Redman ; and
it is established that in 1657 when it was sold by the
second Earl of Strafford to the two London merchants,
Sir John Lewis and Sir John Cutler, it had fallen into
such a condition of decay and ruin that, as we have seen,
it was actually advertised for sale as so much building
material. By what evil chance it had thus been reduced
within a few years from a noble and stalwart castle with
the prospect of centuries of useful existence, to a pile of
stone and timber fit for nothing but ** saving a deale of
charges in the stonework" of the builder of a "hansom
house &c." can only be conjectured.

It may, in Camden's opinion, have suffered, as so many
brave castles did, during the war between King and Par-
liament which was waged so fiercely at Tadcaster and
elsewhere, almost within sight of its walls; or it may have
shared the fate of the Yorkshire castles which were dis-
mantled and left ruined in the spring months of 1646.
However this may be, we can point the finger to one
vandal who continued, and with still less justification, this
work of destructi(^n ; and that was the ex- London appren-
tice, Cutler, who, instead of preserving the historic build-
ing it had been his privilege to purchase, robbed it of
stone and timber to build his farmhouses and cottages.
Even to-day they will show you in Harewood village a
cottage which bears unrnistakeable evidence of having
been built from castle ston(\ and which flaunts over its
doorway the initials J. C, with the date 1678.

It was this old rascal on whom Pope emptied the vials
of his satire in the following lines : —

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH, 151

Cutler saw tenants break and houses fall
For very want ; he could not build a wall.
His only daughter in a stranger's power,
For very want ; he could not pay a dower.
A few gray hairs his rev'rend temples crown*d
'Twas very want that sold them for a pound.
What ev*n denv'd a cordial at his end,
Banished the doctor and expelled the friend ?
What but a want, which you perhaps think mad.
Yet numbers feel, the want of what he had !
Cutler and Brutus, dying, both exclaim
* Virtue and wealth ! what are ye but a name ? '

Later attempts, it is said, were made to use the castle
material for building and repairing, but it was found that
the walls were so firmly welded by the cement that it was
really cheaper to quarry the stone. Nature has been
kinder than man to this grand old fabric, for she has
thrown round it a mantle of ivv and has thus invested it
in its decay with an external beauty which, it never
boasted in its sturdy prime.

t -

The Church.

About half-a-mile westward from Harewood village is
the ancient church in which several generations of Red-
mans are sleeping their last sleep within their awn
'* Redman chapel.*' There seems to be a strortg proba-
bility that the original church was venerable before the
walls of the neighbouring castle began to rise ; indeed the
date of its foundation has been suggested as 11 16, while
Robert de Romellivvas probably the living lord of Hare-
wood manor.

Jewell, in his History of Harewood, says : —

In the year 1793 (he was living at Harewood at the 'tune ancl spealcs
of what he probarbly saw) when* the church wa^ n6W-fCcffed, was

152 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

found on an old beam the following inscription cut in ancient
characters, which was made away with by the workmen. The Eng-
lish of it was thus : — " We adore and praise thee, thou holy Jesus,
because thou hast redeemed us by thy Holy Cross." — Dated 1116.

As Mr. Speight, however, points out, in these early
centuries dates were recorded in the year of the reigning
monarch, and one must not attach too much importance
to the figures carved on this old beam. It has been in-
ferred, too, from this old inscription, that the church was
originally dedicated to the Holy Cross, an assumption
which may perhaps be accepted as correct.

But without attempting to assign any precise date to
the founding of this church, there is no doubt that there
was a church at Harewood in the early years of Henry n*s
reign (circa 1160) when Avicia de Romelli, after the death
of her husband, Robert de Courcy, gave the church of
Harewood towards the support of the chapel of St. Mary
and Holy Angels, in York cathedral.

Dodsworth refers to this gift in the following passage
from his MSS. (vol. 129, fo. 59) relating to the

advowson of the Church of Harwode, which Warynus, son of Gterol-
dus and Alice de Curci, his wife, claimed against the monks and
chaplains of St. Mary and St. Sepulchre. And the monks come and
say that Avicia de Romelli gave that church to the Church of St.
Mary, St. Michael, and All Angels, to the sustenance of the monks,
and therefore produce the charter of the said Avicia, which testi-
fieth the same, and the confirmation of Roger, Archbishop.

Warine appears to have established his claim ; for we
tind that ** Warinus, son of Geroldus, recovered his pre-
sentation to the church of Harwode, against the monks
and chaplains of St. Mary and St. Sepulchre, at York."
(Harl. MSS., vol. 802). For several generations the lords
of Harewood dispensed the patronage of the church, until

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 153

in the days of John de Lisle, of Rougemont (1353), the
church was appropriated to the Priory of Bolton-in-Craven
on condition that a rent-charge of £100 a year should be
granted to him and his heirs out of lands at Rawden,
Wigton, and elsewhere, and that a chantry of six priests
should be founded at Harewood to sing masses daily for
the souls of his parents and brothers and sisters ; in
addition to a special collect for himself and his children.

At this time the church was evidently of a good age, for
provision is made for its repair and the rebuilding of the
chancel which had fallen into decay.

It is probable that but little of the original building of
Norman days survives in the present church. Dr. Whit-
aker indeed says : —

The Chinch of Harewood bears no marks of the original structure.
It was probably renewed by the Lords of the Manor about the time
of Ed. III., and the figure of John, Lord Lisle, one of the first
Knights of the Garter, was remaining entire in the east window of
the north chapel, distinguished by the arms of the family, a fess
between two chevronels, on his tabard, till the church was repaired,
A.D. 1793. This nobleman, however, from the style of the building,
appears to have been the restorer of the church.

But a detailed history of this old church, however
agreeable it might be to attempt it, is beyond the scope of
this little book of Redman history. Having established
its antiquity and its association with the early lords of
Harewood it only remains to refer to the memorials of
immediate interest which still survive within its walls.

They were very ruthless hands which were responsible
for the repair of the church in 1793, for they seem to have
stripped it of many of its most cherished treasures. The
stained-glass windows, rich with the armorial achieve-
ments of successive lords of Harewood, were wantonly

154 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

removed to give place to ordinary windows of glass. Dr.
Whitaker declares that these heraldic treasures were
** deposited in a lumber-room in Harewood House" ; but
according to Jones, whose evidence on this point, if not
on others, may perhaps be accepted,

old people can recollect its removal. It was indiscriminately taken
away, some was secretly sold, the children of the village played with
other portions. I have been informed on good authority that some
portion of this stained glass found its way into Cheshire, where it
adorns (at the present time) the windows of a private chapel, be-
longing to a gentleman of property.

Even the altar-tombs of Redman and Ryther seem to
have been robbed of their canopies ; and the altar-rails of
carved oak, bearing Lord Strafford's initials, were con-
signed to some ignominious fate.

The following is a list of the arms in Harewood Church
in the days of Elizabeth, as recorded by Glover, Somerset
Herald.

(i) Thwayts — arg. three torteaux in a fess sable, between 3 fleur
de lys ; and Ryther, az. three crescents, or.

(2) Gascoi^nc — arg. on a pale sable a lucy's head, hauriant, or;
and Mowbray — gules, a lion rampant, arg., within a border gobony,
or and sa.

(3) Gascoif^nc, as above ; and Pickering — ermine, a lion rampant,
az, crowned, or.

These arc the arms of Chief Justice Gascoigne, who married (i)
Elizabeth Mowbray, and (2) Joan Pickering.

(4) A/^/;/.s^;;i— sable, a bend ragulee, arg.

(5) lAde, of Kou^einont — or, a fess between 2 chevronels, sable.

(6) Stiipleton — arg. a lion rampant sable, langued and armed, gules.

(7) Redman and Aldeburgh.

(8) Redman.

(9) Redman and Stapleton —see No. 6.

These arms are really Redman, quartering Stapleton and impaliog
Sutton. Of them Glover says, *' a man kneeling in his coat

HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 155

armour, with Redman's coate on him, and on the woman,
this." The " woman " was, no doubt, Elizabeth Aldeburgh,
who married (i) Sir Bryan Stapleton, (2) Sir Richard Red-
man (I.) and whose sister-in-law was Margery Sutton, wife of
the second Lord Aldeburgh.

(10) Redman.

(11) Rylstone — sable, a saltire, arg.

(12) Gascoiffne and

(13) Manstoft — see No. 4; and Neville, gules, a saltire, arg.

(14) Franke — gules, a fess sable, between 3 martlets, arg; and
Ellis — on a plain cross, sable, five crescents arg.

(15) Gascoigne — see No. 2 ; and Heaton — arg. two bars sable.

(16) Thwayts — see No. i.

(17) Gascoigne — see No. 2 ; and C/ar^//— gules, six martlets, arg,
3, 2, & I.

(18) Fn/«^^, of Alwoodley Hall. See No. 14.
(ig) Nevill — sec No. 13.

The church of Harewood is singularly rich in the num-
ber and magnificence of its altar-tombs, which have come
down to us through four or five centuries in a remark-
able state of preservation, in spite of the sacrilegious
hands which have tried to mutilate them and have carved
names and initials on them as memorials of their van-
dalism.

Of the six altar-tombs three are of peculiar interest to
students of Redman history.

Under the arch on the north side of the chancel is a
magnificent tomb, a photograph of which I reproduce,
to the memory of Sir Richard Redman (I.), the Speaker,
and his first wife, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, on which are
cumbent figures of the knight in his armour, with crested
helmet, sword and dagger ; and of his lady in pleated
gown with loose sleeves, with arched head-dress, neck-
lace and ringed fingers, and angels at her cushioned
head. Of this tomb Glover, who saw it in 1585, wrote: —

156 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

In Harewood Church, north aisle, belonging to Harewood Castle,
an altar-tomb, effigies of a knight and lady cumbent, his head on
helmet, and crest, a horse's head, which denotes it to have been a
Redman ; feet on lion, on which sits a monk with beads, against
which sole of the right foot rests.

Under the arch in the south wall of the chancel is a
tomb to the memory of the same Sir Richard, who here
lies side by side with his second wife, Elizabeth Gas-
coigne. On this tomb, which is also reproduced, Sir
Richard appears in armour, but shorn of the sweeping
moustache which adorns him on the former tomb, with
flowing hair and with hands upraised in an attitude of
prayer ; while his lady, with hands similarly raised, wears
a wimple and carries a rosary. The tomb exhibits a re-
markably fine series of sculptured saints, which Gough, in
his ** Sepulchral Monuments,*' declares to be the finest he
has seen.

Adjoining this latter tomb is that of Sir William Gas-
coigne, the famous Chief Justice, and his wife Elizabeth,
daughter of Sir Alexander Mowbray, of Kirklington, co.
York ; so that Elizabeth Gascoigne " lies in sculptured
calm " between her husband and her father. Around the
tomb, which is not less splendid than its companions,
there was once, according to Dodsworth, a Latin inscrip-
tion which may be translated thus : —

Here lies William Gascoigne, late Chief Justice ot the Bench of
Henry IV., late King of England, and EHzabeth, his wife. Which
William died on the 17th day of December, A.D. 1419.
Gascoigne, thy tomb a fitting altar is
Whereon to swear the patriot Englishman,
When he devotes him to his country's cause.
Reverently kneeling by this hallowed marble.
He shall recall thv resolute worth and draw
New virtue from the holy recollection.

157

REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE.

CHAPTER XVI.

IN leaving Harewood and Levens for Thornton-in-
Lt^nsdale we turn our backs on the stirring epoch of
Redman history, when each generation produced its
soldiers, its politicians, its diplomatists, or its churchmen
who played their respective parts in the national drama
of their time, and enter on a period of placid, uneventful
days when the Redmans, wath a few notable exceptions,
were content to lead the simple lives of country squires
and to leave behind them records marked principally by
births, marriages and deaths, and the conduct of their
estates.

Such chronicles naturally possess little general interest ;
even for those more directly concerned with the story of
the family they but serve as material for fashioning pedi-
grees ; and for this reason a detailed account of all the
individual members of the different branches in this dis-
trict would make rather dreary and profitless reading.
The accompanying pedigrees, which have been most care-
fully compiled from the original records and for which I
am indebted to the kindness of Colonel Parker, are ex-
ceedingly valuable. They contain all the information
that is at all necessarv about most of the Redmans of this
colony ; and I propose simply to supplement them by

158 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

notes of more particular interest on the prominent names
they include.

It still remains to discover with certainty the origin of
the colony of Redmans which settled near the Lancashire
border of Yorkshire in the fourteenth century, and which
flourished there for more than three hundred years. As
has been shewn earlier, in 1359 ^^e third Sir Matthew
Redman, and Margaret, his wife, gave twenty marks for
the custody of the manor of Twisleton, in this district,
which had belonged to John, of Twisleton, and for the
marriage of his daughters.

It is conceivable and even probable that this transac-
tion led to marriage between one or more of Matthew's
sons and one or more of the Twisleton heiresses, and that
thus the family of Redman got its first footing in this part
of Lonsdale. There appears to be no evidence in actual
support of this view ; but it is precisely what one might
expect to happen, and is the most plausible explanation
of the planting of this colony.

It is in 1379 that we find the first recorded evidence of
a Redman living in this neighbourhood. In the list of
those who paid the poll-tax levied on the accession of
Richard II., in the wapentake of Ewecross, we find the
following entry under Ingleton — ** Johannes de Redmane,
Armatus, vjs viijd,*' — this being the sum at which an
esquire was commonly rated. It is possible that this
John Redmane was a son of Matthew (III) of Levens,
and husband of one of the daughters of John Twisleton,
whose manor was close to Ingleton. He was not, how-
ever the only member of his family in the district at this
time, for there was a Richard Redman just over the
border, who figures in the Lancashire Poll-tax of the
same date, under Lonsdale ; and as early as 1332 there

REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 159

was a John Redman at Farleton, and Norman at Brogh-
ton.

Between 1379 and 1416 the history of the Thornton
Redmans is dark ; but in the latter year we emerge into
the light, and for three centuries the story of the family is
told by abundant evidences.

In 1416 Thomas Redman, of Thornton, witnessed
the deed of assignment by William Tunstall, of his
castle of Thurland in Lancashire, and other lands in
Yorkshire and Westmorland. (Dods. MS. 62, fo. 2). It
was to him, in conjunction with Sir Richard Duket,
of Grayrigg, that (in 1427) was granted the custody
of the moiety of the manor of Harewood during the
minority of his young kinsman, Richard, grandson of the
Speaker. Ten years later " Thomas Redman, senior, of
Thornton, gentleman," William, Thomas J^ John, Ed-
mund and Matthew Redman, together with Christopher
Middleton, of Ingleton, were parties to a bond (dated 15th
March, 20 Hen. VI.) by which they were bound in 200
marks each to stand the award of William, Lord Fitz
Hugh and Henry Bromflete, concerning all actions, dis-
putes, &c., between the said Thomas and others on the
one part and the said Henry on the other part.

This was probably some family dispute respecting Tun-
stall property ; it is not improbable that the wife of
Thomas Redman was a Tunstall. Sir Henry Bromflete,
afterwards Lord Vescy (1449) had married Eleanor,
daughter of Henry, Lord Fitz Hugh, after the death of
her first husband. Sir Thomas Tunstall, whose sister
Johanna, was wife to Sir Matthew Redman, of Harewood.

The relation of these Redmans (Colonel Parker says) is not
definitely proved, except that William was sou of Thomas, senior,
I believe, however, they were related as placed in the pedigree, and

i6o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

that Christopher Middleton married a daughter of Thomas, senior,
and in this way was mixed up iu the family feud. In later disputes
Matthew is described as " of Lancaster " ; and in 1472 he appears
as administrator of the goods of Elizabeth Curwen (late wife of
John Curwen) who died intestate.

There was also about this time a Giles Redman^ who
was probably either son or brother of Thomas, senior.
He was instituted rector of Bentham, loth May, 1443,
on the presentation of Margaret Pickering, and was in-
ducted by John Grene, rector of Thornton. Thomas
Redman, of Thornton, junior, may have been the Thomas
Redman who was appointed Vicar of Whittington, 30th
March, 1440.

William Redman, who is described as " of Over-
landes in Thornton, gentleman," in 1437, and as "of
Lund," twelve years later, probably figures with his son
Richard in the following romantic incident, the stor}^ of
which is told in the Lancashire Plea Rolls (No. 31. Lent
7 Ed. IV., m. 5 d.) :—

Nicholas Gardener and Katherine, his wife, who was wife of
Carburie (?), ariniger, by attorney came and offered themselves
against William Redman, of Thomton-in- Lonsdale, Co. York, ar-
miger, and Richard Redman, of Ingleton, in the Co. York, son of
William Redman, armiger, in a plea of wherefore they by violence
and arms seized and carried off* John, son and heir of the aforesaid
Catherine, to his loss and damage and against the King's peace.
The assault took place at Pulton-in- Lonsdale. As these Redmaynes
did not appear, order was given that they should be attached ; but
as the sheriff" did not issue the writ, they are to be attached on the
xiay next the Assumption of the Blessed Mary.

William, evidently the ringleader in this high-handed
proceeding, which we learn was conducted with swords,
bows and arrows, was duly attached later. (No. 33, m. 18).

REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. i6i

William's successor, Richard, is described in 1465
as son of Wm. Redman, of Ingleton, Esq. ; and in 1499
as ** of Thornton, senior," when he was engaged in a dis-
pute with John Preston, of Preston Hall. He had two
sons, of whom the elder, Richard, died during his father's
lifetime sometime before 1498, in which year Ellen Red-
man, described as his widow, covenanted (in company
with John Preston, probably a near kinsman) with Walter
Strickland for her daughter Agnes's marriage. According
to Lady Edeline Strickland (" Sizergh Castle, &c." Genl.
Notes) it was Sir Walter Strickland, whose birth year she
gives as 1497, who married Agnes, daughter of Richard
Redman, at a time when, if her dates are correct, he must
still have been playing with his toys. It seems more
probable that the contemplated bridegroom of the 1498
covenant was the father of this Walter, who was born in
1460, and died forty years later. It will be remembered,
perhaps, that Sir William Redman, of Harewood, married
Margaret, daughter of a still earlier Sir Walter Strickland,
in 1458. Lady Edeline gives 1503 as the date of Agnes's
death, and there was no issue of the marriage.

Richard had another son, Geoffrey, who was " of
Wrayton," in 1494. He w^as possibly the " Geoffrey Red-
man, nuper de Thornton, gentilman," who in 1494-5 was
charged with Thomas Gibbonson, Cansfield of Cansfield
and others, with breaking houses and taking goods and
chattels to the value of fifty pounds. In this feat of
mediaeval housebreaking, in which let us hope it was
really some other Geoffrey who was concerned, bows,
arrows and swords were used. In 1533 the supervisors of
the will of Thomas Proctor, of Horton, were " The Abbot
of P^urnace, Mr. Geffray Redman and Mr. John, his son."

Geoffrey, who was still living in 1537, had a son John,

i62 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

who succeeded him, and a daughter Maud or Matilda,
who married, for her first husband, her kinsman, James
Redman, of Tvvisleton ; and secondly, Thomas Barton,
Esquire, for which marriage a dispensation was granted
ii^ 1533- (Letters and Papers, F & D, vol. vi.) " In
Broughton church on the chapel screen on the north side
is a boar's head and the arms of Thomas Barton and
Matilda, his wife, daughter of Geoff. Redman of Thornton,
Esq/' (Whitaker's Richitiondshirey vol. ii., p. 423).

John Redman, Geoffrey's successor, appears in 1336
in company with his son and heir, Thomas, on the list of
"liberi tenentes" of the honour and manor of Hornby
Castle. Among other tenants on the same list are the
Abbot of Croxton, the Prior of Hornby, Sir Marmaduke
Tunstall, and Francis Morley, Esquire. And in the pre-
vious year he was, together with Thomas, son and heir of
Sir Thomas Wharton, and John, son and heir of Sir
Geoffrey Middleton, one of the trustees of the marriage
settlement of Henr}% heir of Sir Stephen Hamerton and
Joan Stapleton, of Wighill. (Harleian MSS. 804 — 8 May,
27 Hen. Vin.) He also purchased the manor of Austwick
for £230. 14. II. (Whitaker's Richmondshire). John, who

married Jennet , and who died in 1578, had at least

three sons and two daughters.

(i) Thomas, "the son and heir" in the list of liberi
tenentes above-mentioned. It was probably this Thomas
who, with his brother Richard, apf)ears in the following
extract from the will of Thomas Andrewe, vicar of Mel-
ling, dated Oct. 17, 1563: —

Also I put ye boye yt. I have brought upp to Thames (sic) Red-
man and to Mar^rett, his wyfc, desyring them to bringe him upp

he be liable to put to an occupation, and I will that

Thames Redinan and Margret his wyfe shall gyfe him, when he

REDMANS OF THORNTON -IN ^LONSD ALE. 163

cometh to ye age of XX yeares, XL^ . . . aiid I desyre Maister
Rycharde Redmayn to be a supervisor of this my will . . . and
I gyfe to Maister Redmayn for his paynestakynge X*.

Thomas appears to have died during his father's lifetime.

(2) Richard, who also died before his father, married
Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Roger Cholmley, of Roxby, by
Katherine, daughter of Sir Robert Constable, who fought
at Flodden, was attainted, and was executed at Hull.
Through her Constable ancestors Elizabeth Cholmley was
descended from the Wentworths, Gascoignes, Fitz Hughs,
the Counts of Brittany and the Dukes of Normandy. Her
brother was Sir Richard Cholmley, known to fame as the
" Black Knight of the North,'* of whom it is recorded that
he " loved pomp, and generally had 50 or 60 servants
about his house, nor would he ever go up to London with-
out a retinue of 30 or 40 men." (Foster's County Families).
He, too, fought gallantly at Flodden ; and as captain of
Norham Castle defended it against the Scots until the last
cannon-ball was fired and the last crust eaten.

Richard's will, of which the following is a summary, is
rich in genealogical information. He directs that his
body shall be buried in Thornton Church amongst his
" ensetors," and that certain debts owing to George
Clapame, William Redman, of London Stone, Thomas
Reder, parson, of Thornton, and to Sir Richard Chol-
melaie, his brother-in-law, shall be paid. He refers to
his younger children, Francis, John, Margaret, Catherine,
and Marie Redman ; directs his son Marmaduke to renew
a lease, and leaves him all such land as he is in posses-
sion of, to pay his mother her dower and to help his
brothers and sisters ; refers to his sister, Blackburn, and
to his brother, Thomas Redman. " My sonne Marmaduke
Redman, Thomas Redman and Francis Redman, my

i64 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

brethren," he makes executors of his will. Supervisors —
" Mr. John Redman, of Thornton, Esquire, my father, and
Richard Redman of Grcssington."

(3) Francis, "of Overlands, 1556," married Margaret,
daughter of Henr\' Hamerton Esq*"*^, by his wife Joan,
daughter of Christopher Stapleton, of Wighill, Esquire ;
and grand-daughter of Sir Stephen Hamerton, Lord of
the manors of Hamerton, Knolsmere, Wigglesworth, Helli-
field, Langficld, &c. Sir Stephen was among the York-
shire knights and squires who flocked to the standard of
Askc and took part in his disastrous Pilgrimage of Grace.
For this act of treason he was hanged, drawn and quar-
tered at Tyburn and his large possessions were forfeited
to the Crown.

His manor of Hellifield came into the hands of Sir
Arthur Darcy, who in the second and third Philip and
Mar}% had a licence to alienate it to John Redman, Esq.,
father, as we have seen, of Francis, who had married the
granddaughter of the attainted Sir Stephen ; and by fine
levied at Westminster, 3 Elizabeth (1561) the said John
and Francis, and Margaret, wife of Francis, in conjunction
with Anthony Watson, Thomas Watson, and Alice, his
wife, passed the manor to John Hamerton, Esq., son of
Richard, younger brother of Sir Stephen. {Speight's
Craven, p. 362, and Whi taker's Craven).

The t\\o daughters of John Redman were Margaret, and
another, married to a IMackburne. On the death of John,
in 157S, he was succeeded by his grandson, MAKMAnrKE,
son of Richard Redman and h^li/abeth Cholmlev, who, in
1569, is described us **s()n and heir'' to his father Richard.

In a dis|)utc concerning tenant-right, in 1580, " Manna-
duke Readme nnc, of Thornton, in the Countv of York.
Ksqnire/' says that '* upon information given unto him

REDMANS OF THORNTON -IN -LONSD ALE. 165

immediately after the death ol John Readmanne, his grand-
father, great variance, str^^fe, suit, contention and con-
trariness hath been stirred, moved and had between the
said Marmaduke and Rowland Hardye, of Manserghe,
Westmorland, his tenant, within his lordship of Man-
serghe, concerning tenant-right upon a certain ground
called Tyrrebanke, part of the inheritance, &c.**

Marmaduke had three wives : —

(i) Alice, who appears in a fine of 1581, and who was
buried on the 9th of September, 1589.

(2) Eleanor, widow of George Lamplugh, Esq. She
died without offspring in 1593.

.(3) Ann, sister and co-heiress of Thomas Eyre, of
Highfield, co. Derby, 1598. She was living in 1607.

Marmaduke figures in the following Chancery proceed-
ings relating to the dower of two of his wives: —

Eyre v. Eyre and Marmaduke Redmayne and Anne, his
wife — re manors, &c., in Derbyshire ; and Marmaduke
Redman v. Patrickson, Fletcher and Lamplough, Cumber-
land.

" The plaintiff being upon a treaty of marriage with Elinor Lamp-
lough, widow, (since his wife), proposed to settle his own lands and
tenements, and she also proposed to make a settlement of her
property ; but which she was prevented doing by the interference
of defendants. (Chancery proceedings. Queen Eliz'^. Rolls Series,
vols. i. and ii.

I think (Colonel Parker writes) that Alice, first wife of Marma-
duke, was a Protestant, the other two wives being Roman Catholics;
for I find both Marmaduke and his third wife, Anne, in the list of
Papists, in 1604, which does not include William, his son by Alice.
Marmaduke was a Justice of the Peace in 1585. John, his brother,
was a priest (VV^est Riding Sessions Roll, 1598); and Francis and
Thomas, his uncles, were both of the old faith. This is probably
the reason why the family does not appear in the Visitations.

i66 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Marmaduke died in June, 1607, and his burial is thus
mysteriously recorded in the Thornton Register : —

June 24 Ao 1607. Marmaduke Readmayne, ar. was Buried upon the
nighte by unknown p'sons.

Marmaduke had quite a " quiverful " of children, of
whom two sons and five dauj^hters will be found in the
annexed pedigree. Four of them appear to have died in
infancy. His successor, William, was twenty-nine years
old on his accession ; and he probably married Ann,
daughter of Henry Patrickson. A settlement was made
for this marriage, but whether it took place or not is not
proved. In 1598 she is styled Anna Redman, alias Pat*
rickson, spinster. ** Anne, wief of William Readman,"
appears in the list of Roman Catholics at Thornton in
1604 (Rawlinson MSS., p. 452, Bodleian Liby.i ; and
William Redman, gent, and Ann, his wife, appear in a
fine of 1602.

William died on 25th September, 1607, having survived
his father only three months, and was buried eight days
later. He had two sons —

(i) John, his successor, an infant two years old at his
father's death ;

(2) Richard, who died in infancy.

The following is a copy of the inquisition taken after
his death : —

17 Nov., 1607. Inquisition taken at York Castle, 17 Nov. 5 Jas I.
(1607) before John Tayler, Ksq., Escheator, after the death of Wil-
liam Roadman of Thornton, co. York, Esquire.

The said William Readman was seized in fee of a Capital Mes-
siiaj<e, four other Messuages, eight cottages, another Capital
Messuage called Overlandes, 120 acres of arable land, meadow and
pasture in Thornton ; a water-mill in Thornton ; also the Manor of

REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 167

VVrayton, co. Lancaster, six messuages and 50 acres of land, meadow
and pasture in Wrayton ; a Capital Messuage called Netherlandes,
within the lordship of Burton, co. York.

The Capital Messuage and other the Messuages, etc. in Overlandes
and Thornton are held of the King as of his Manor of Thornton,
parcel of his honour of Richmond, by Knight's service and us. 2|d.
rent; and thny are worth par annum (clear) £^ iis. The premises
in VVrayton are held of William, Lord Monteagle, as of his Manor
of Hornby by Knight's service, and by yearly rent of 24s. 4d. and
they are worth per annum (clear) 18 shillings. The premises in
Netherlandes worth per annum (clear) los. are held of William,
Earl of Derby, as of his Manor of Burton by Knight's service and
by 3s. 4d. yearly rent.

William Readman died 25 Sept. last (1607) and John Readman,
bis son and heir, at the time of his father*s death was aged two
years and more.

Sir John Redmayne.

Of the career of John Redmayne, who was thus left
fatherless while still an infant, the Records tell iir> little,
although he was a man of importance in his time. We
know that he was dubbed a knight, that he espoused the
cause of his Sovereign in the Civil War, that the reward
of his loyalty was the sequestration of his estates and that
he died (he was probably killed) during the war. His life,
the close of which was cast in such stirring times, must
have been full of interest ; and it is a misfortune that so
little of it is revealed to us.

As a matter of fact we know more of the doings of his
eldest son and of his son-in-law in the Civil War than of
the part Sir John played in it. It was in all probability
his heir, William, who was the first to fall among the
defenders of Pontefract Castle during its second siege in
the spring of 1645.

In Nathan Drake's quaint diary, in which he so faith-

i68 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HARBWOOD.

fully kept a chronicle of the siege, he wrote on " Fridday,
the 2ith March (1645), about 2 of the clock in the after-
noone the Enemy Came in again and took the upp' towne,
killd Captin Redma' about the bridge and a souldyer
upon the toppe of the Round Tower, and tooke 3 of our
men prisoners." The tragedy which robbed this young
royalist of life was heightened by the fact that the second
siege did not really commence till the following day. He
seems to have wandered away from the protection of the
castle to the exposed bridge, a quarter-of-a-mile distant,
and to have been killed by a random shot.

By a curious irony of fate one of the principal leaders
of the besieging army — he appears to have been second in
command to Lord Fairfax — was young Redman's own
brother-in-law. Colonel William Forbes, the husband of
Mary Redman, who played a conspicuous part in the
siege. It was he who on the i6th January, 1645, took to
the governor of Pontefract castle Fairfax's letter demand-
ing its surrender " without the effusion of blood " ; and
four days later, having received no anwer. Colonel Forbes
wrote the following letter : —

Sr, I desire to have a positive answer of the Summons sent in
upon Thursday last, that I may give an account to my Lord (who is
now heaie) of your resolutions, likewise I desire to know whether
Mr. (Ogales) exchanged for Leiutenant Browne or for money, and if
(for money) for what sunmie.

Sr. I shall remaine your

friend, WILL. FORBES.

Not many days earlier he had been slightly wounded:
** the 9th being Thursday," Drake writes, " the besieged
plaid one cannon again Ncwhall wheare it broke a hoale
into the wall and one of the stones hitt Generall Forbus
on the face, but was but a little hurt."

REDMANS OF THORNTON-JN-LONSDALE. 169

During part of the siege he seems to have been in com-
mand of the Parliamentary forces : — ** The enemy basely
stayd all wine from coming to the Castle for serving of
the Communion on Eastre day allthough Forbus (their
Governor) had graunted p*tecktion for the same — '* ; and
in the following August we find him so far wavering to-
wards a return to loyalty that he was. accused of conspir-
ing with Colonel Fairfax and Major Morris to seize the
Castle for the King after its surrender.

Colonel Forbes lived, however, to die in the service of
Parliament ; while his father-in-law. Sir John, lost his
estates, and probably his life, in the opposite cause.

The story of the different attempts of Sir John's widow
and children to recover the forfeited lands is told in the
following Royalist Composition Papers.

Sir John Redmaine, of Thornton.

No. 482.

G. 203, p. 159. 14 Sept., 1647. PETITION of Mary Forbes,
widow of Col. Wm. Forbes, daughter of Sir John Redmain, Knt.
that the estate of her father being sequestered for his delinquency,
the sequestration not being taken off in his lifetime nor in that of
his eldest son, her brother gennan, the last of them dying above 2
years since, prays to compound for an estate in Lancashire called
Wreatoune worth 20 li. per annum descended to her; her husband
hath done many good things to the Parliament and lost his life in
its service.

Fined 12 Oct., 1647, 40 li.

G. 203, p. 160. 13 June, 1649. PETITION to compound for
lands in Thornton. Referred to Mr. Reading.

G. 203, p. 157. 26 June, 1649. REPORT. — Sir John Redman
was sequestered 1645, his son William died 1645.

Fine at a tenth 140 li. Total fine 180 li.

G. 113, p. 564. 4 June, 1652. PETITION of Dame Sarah Red-
maine widow, relict of Sir John Redmaine, that her husband, before

I70 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

his intermarriage with her settled several manors in the Counties of
York and Lancaster upon John Brackenbury, Esq. and Thomas
Birkbeck, gent, in trust for her jointure, which are now sequestered
for his delinquency and the Committee refuse to discharge the same
without your order. She prays witnesses be examined and refer-
ence to Counsell for her title and in the meantime to receive the
profits upon security.

Ordered to certify and refer to Mr. Brereton.

G. 113, p. 562. 23 July, 1652. Further petition that she hath not
received any fifth part of the estate towards the maintenance of
herself and children, for Francis Dodsworth who is tenant of the
Commonwealth refuses to pay it although the same is deducted out
of his rent. She prays to receive her fifths.

Ordered to have the fifth.

G. 113, p. 557. 20 July, 1653. Further petition that Sir John
Redmaine being dead and his name inserted in the last Act for Sale
she put in her claim at the Committee of Obstructions for the allow-
ance of the premises which was allowed by the Committee, 31 Mar.,
1653. She prays they may be discharged from sequestration and
she may receive the rents till her title shall be allowed.

Referred to Mr. Brereton.

G. 113, p. 555. 26 July, 1653. PETITION of John Redmaine,
Esq., eldest son and heir of Sir John to compound for the reversion
of his mother's jointure and for the rest of the estate.

Referred to Mr. Brereton.

G. 113, p. 577. 31 Aug., 1653. The Drury House Committee
write to the Commissioners for compounding at Haberdashers*
Hall. We find that John Redman hath compounded with you for
lands in Thornton formerly the possession of Sir John Redmaine
Knt. we give you notice that we proceeded to the sale of the lands
15 July last to Williaui Dodsworth, gent, (no composition being
entered here within the 30 days limited in the Act) ; we further in-
form you that we are told that the party whom you have admitted
to compound is neither heir nor assignee of his father, and that the
said Dodsworth's wife is heir to William Redman, who was eldest
son and heir to Sir John. We conceive you will stop all proceed-
ings as to the composition.

G. 113, p. 574. 12 Oct., 1653. PETITION of Dame Sarah Red-
maine for discharge and allowance of her arrears for 24 Dec^ i649i

REDMANS OF THORNTON -IN -LONSDALE. 171

G. 19, p. 1 130. 12 Oct., 1653. Claim allowed.

G. 18, p. 904. 7 and 9 Dec. 1653. Thomas Wharton and Wil-
liam Dodsworth '^' having bought from the Treason Trustees lands
in Burton and Thornton Hall in Thornton formerly belonging to Sir
John Redmaine Knt. they are to receive the rents.

G. 81, p. 9. 7 July, 1653. PETITION of William Dodsworth of
Thornton that his wife as heir of lands in Thornton as daughter of
Sir John Redmaine whose estate it was being now surveyed may
compound for them.

Referred to Mr. Brereton to Report.

Sir John was twice married : —

(i) To Rebecca, whose identity has never, to the best
of my knowledge, been established, but who was not
improbably a Middleton. She died in March, 1627-8,
surviving her marriage a very brief period, but sufficiently
long to leave two children :

(1 ) William, who was baptised in Thornton church

on the 8th October, 1626, when his father had
barely reached his majority, and who, as we
have seen, died a youth of nineteen, in 1645.

(2) Mary, who was first married to Colonel Forbes,

Her second husband was William Dodsworth,
Esquire, member of an old Yorkshire family,
allied by marriage with the families of Stapleton,
Tunstall and Hutton. John Dodsworth married
Henrietta, sister of Dr. Hutton, Archbishop of
Canterbury, and an earlier John had for wife
Frances, daughter of Sir Timothy Hutton and
granddaughter of Matthew, Archbishop of York.

• William Dodsworth, who, with Thomas Wharton purchased Thornton Hall
and the lands in Burton, was the second husband of Mary Redman, Sir John's
daughter and Colonel Forbes's widow.

In the Act of 1652, relating to the estates of delinquents, Sir John's name
appears twice, (i) as '* Sir John Redman, of Writon (VVrayton), in the Co. of
Lancaster " ; and (2) as Sir John Redman, late of Newcastle, in the Co. of
York (sic) (ScobeU's Acts and Ordinances of the Commonwealth).

172 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Rebecca had not long been dead when Sir John, who
was but twenty-two years old when he was left a widower,
sought and found a second wife in

(2) Sarah, one of the daughters and co-heirs of Sir
George Selby, a well-to-do knight of Durham and a mem-
ber of the ancient family of Selby of Earle and Biddleston.
The first notable member of this Northumbrian stock was
a Sir Walter who flourished when Henry III. was King,
and who received large grants of lands from his successor,
Edward I. Another Sir Walter was governor of Liddell
Castle (16 Ed. III.), which he held for a time against all
the strength of the Scottish King David ; and a later
Selby, Ralph, was a Baron of Exchequer and Privy Coun-
cillor of Henry IV. and V. He lies buried in Westmin-
ster Abbey, and was described in his epitaph as " one
exceedingly beloved and favoured by Kings Henry IV.
and V."

Sarah Selby had more than her long descent to boast
of when she gave her hand to the young Thornton
widower ; for, as will appear later, she brought him a
substantial dower " of the value of ;f7ooo and upwards" ;
and doubtless her sister and co-heiress, Isabella, was
similarly dowered when she became the wife of Sir Pat-
ricius Curwen, Hart., whose arms may be seen to-day
impaling those of Selby over the front door of Working-
ton Hall ; while within is his portrait in all the seven-
teenth century splendour of slashed crimson doublet, and
trunk hose, scarlet stockings, collars and cuffs of white
point lace, and gold-embroidercd sword belt. (Curwen's
\Vorkin<:j[i(ni Hall, p. 7).

Lady Sarah's wedded life was by no means a bed of
roses. After ab(;ut thirteen years of placid living, during
which she bore six children, the Civil War brought to the

REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 173

Thornton household, as to many another English family,
years of constant alarms and anxiety, and the loss of
husband, fortune, and home. When Sir John died, in
1645, his widow and her six young children were turned
out of their home with nothing left to preserve them from
perishing, as her son, Hugh, in 1660, states in a petition
to the Crown.

Lady Sarah, however, lived long enough to see Crom-
well underground, and the Civil War and the Common-
wealth but an unpleasant memory. She saw eighteen
years of the second Charles's reign and died in December,
1678, leaving four sons, all in comfortable circumstances,
and two daughters suitably married.

She appears to have been living in Thornton in
1668, as is evidenced by a letter written in that year by
the Rev. B. Oley, a former curate of the neighbouring
parish of Burton-in-Lonsdale, to a Mr. Foxcroft. The
letter begins thus : —

** Mr. Foxcroft — I salute you in Xt. and pray you to
give my humble service to my Lady Redmayne and her
family, also to Mr. Akerigg, Mr. Hodgson, and John Red-
man, and all that know me. . . ." And on December
loth, 1678, she was buried ** in her own Quire" in
Thornton church. Her tombstone, the Rev. A. J. War-
wick, M.A., vicar of Thornton, who has rendered me
much courteous assistance, tells me, was removed from
the church at its restoration in 1868, and is now in the
churchyard exposed to the weather and to the destructive
feet of careless passers-by. Much of the lettering is
now undecipherable, but the following is probably an
accurate rendering of the original inscription. The
letters in brackets have been obliterated.

174 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

HERE LYES

THE LADY SARAH [R]EDM[AYNE]

WHO DYED THE VII OF D[ECEMBER]

MDCLXXVIII [IN THE LXX YEAR]

OF HER AGE.

SHE WILL AWA[KE R]ESUM[E HER BREATH]

THEN SING THE TRIUMPH [OVER DEATH]

O DEATH

WHERE IS THY STING

O GRAVE

WHERE IS THY VICTORY ?

Beneath the inscription are the Redman arms, impaling
those of Selby-barry of eight.

To Sir John and Sarah Selby were born six children,
(i) John, the eldest, who was born in 1630, never married
and died just half a century later, in April, 1680, having
survived his mother two years. His name appears, in
1665, first on the list of " sworn men " of Thornton ; and
part of his life seems to have been spent in the neighbour-
hood of Newcastle-on-Tyne. The inventory of his goods
is curiously dated 12 March, 1680 — the month before his
death.

12 March 1680.

Inventory of goods &c. of John Rcdmayne Esq ;

Total £$0. 7. 6.

Ral Redmayne

George Greenbanke

John Dixon.

Bond, Richard Redmayne Esq. of Thornton Hall and Leona

Burton of Dent. Above Richard, administrator of the estate.

John's virtues are thus quaintly commemorated or
l)rass in ihe vestry of ThorntcMi church. Above the
scription arc the Redman arms, with the Thornton en
a hand (dexter) cooped at the wrist.

REDMANS OF THORNTON -IN -LONSDALE. 173

Here Lieth the Body of Major JOHN

REDMAYNE, Eldest son to Sr John

Redinayne, who Departed this life ye Fifth

Of April, Anno Dom, 1680, in ye 50th Year ofs age.

Here Lieth a Mirror matchless in his Time

For human Learning and a great Divine.

Fir me in his faith and Valiant for his King,

Stout as an A J AX, Just in everything ;

Well ann*d for Death he did for Mercy call ;

To be with Christ he knew was best of all.

By his example therefore spend your hours.

His bitter cup is past, the next turne's yours.

(2) Richard, the second son, who on his brother's
death succeeded to the remnant of the family estates,
hved at Linton-in-Craven during the latter years of his
life. He was at Linton in March, 1688, when he was one
of the trustees of the marriage settlement of Edward
Parker, Esq., of Browsholme; and he was buried there
on the 4th February, 1692-3. His wife Elizabeth (prob-
ably either a Hewitt or a Benson) survived him twenty-six
years, dying at Linton in 1718, at the age of seventy-
seven, and being buried in the church, where her memory
is preserved by a brass in the vestry. Her will is dated
II June, 1718.

By his will, dated 27 Jan., 1692 (York Probate Regis-
try), Richard bequeathed to his brother Ralph 3^20, a
bond of £14 owing to him, and " all the household goods
which he hath already received and had out of my house
at Thornton Hall ; but all the other household goods I
give to my loving wife, Elizabeth Redmaine, now re-
maineing and being in the said hall." To Ralph, too, he
gives " one iron chest (called the Lead), with all intering
therein which concerns my lands at Thorneton or else-
where in Lancashire, now in my possessioo at Linton, to

176 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

be delivered to him or his heires after the death of my
wife ; but my wife to have and enjoy the same for life
without diminishing the same.*'

To his nephew, John Downes ** (if living and come to
receive the same),'* he bequeaths £15 "in full of all
demands from his grandmother, the Lady Sarah Red-
mayne deceased, and if he do not acquit her and her
executors, then 20/- only. Also to his sister, late Sara
Downes, 3^20 if she be living at my death and come to
receive the same herself and acquit her grandmother, the
said Lady Sara Redmayne and her executors, and, if not,
20/- only."

Among other legacies are : — To '* Jeffray " Wildman (a
nephew) 10/-; Mistress Catherine Downe (a sister) 10/;
the executors of George Selby, late of Newcastle (probably
his mother's brother) £10, which was borrowed of him by
Lady Redmayne. His "cousin," Mr. Thomas Redmaine,
of Water Fowford (Fulford, near York), receives £"10;
and small legacies go to his clerk, to two men- and two
maid-servants, the late and present "parsons of Lin-
ton," &c. The residue of his goods he leaves to his
" loveing and dear wife, Elizabeth Redmaine, executrix."

(3) Ralph, the third of Sir John's surviving sons,
appears to have been exceedingly badly treated by the
widow of his dead brother, Richard, who not only con-
cealed her husband's death from him, but retained
possession of the lands which ought to have come to
Ralph as Richard's heir.

I am tempted to quote here portions of Ralph's petition
to the Court of C^.hancery in 1693, which is interesting
not only from the family information it supplies but as
shewing how essentially human these ancestors of ours
were in their little jealousies and deceptions* their greed

REDMANS OF THORNTON -IN -LONSDALE. 177

and spitefulness. It is quite clear that Ralph had no
reason whatever to love his sister-in-law, Elizabeth, of
Linton, and he does not hesitate to express his opinion of
her in terms of amusing candour.

REDMAN V. REDMAN Widow and others.
25th November, 1693.

The humble suppliant, RALPH REDMAYNE, of Thornton in
Lonsdale, co. Ebor. Esq. That whereas Sir John Redmayne, late
of Thornton -in -Lonsdale, Knight, your Orator's late father was in
his lifetime, that is about sixty years ago, seized of a capital mes-
suage called Thornton Hall, together with various other messuages
and lands, tenements, etc. situate in Thornton-in- Lonsdale, West-
house, Masongill and Burton-in- Lonsdale in said Co. of York, of the
yearly value of ;f 150, and being so seized intermarried with Dame
Sara Redman being before her marriage of equal quality with him
and bringing to him a fortune or marriage -port ion of the value of
;f 7000 and upwards, in consideration of which marriage and portion
the said Sir John Redmayne did by his indenture or some other
writings duly executed, settle all the said capital messuage etc. to
the use of him and his said wife, your Orator's said father and
mother, for their lives and for that of the longer liver of them, and
from and immediately after the decease of the longer liver, then to
the use of first, second, third etc. and every other son and sons of
their two bodies lawfully begotten or to be begotten and the heirs
male of their bodies, as they should be in seniority of age and
priority of birth, with divers remainders over etc.

After the said Sir John Redmaine lived divers years and died, and
your Orator's mother, the Lady Redmaine, survived and enjoyed all
the said messuage (capital) and premises during her life and died
about sixteen years ago ; after whose death the same came to and
descended to John Redmaine, Esq. your Orator's late eldest brother,
who entered and died unmarried and without issue ; after whose
death, by virtue of such settlement the premises came to Richard
Redmayne, Esq. next brother to the said John Redmaine, and elder
brother to your Orator, who entered thereto and being seized in fee
tayle was persuaded by one Elizabeth Hewett, now named Eliza-
beth Redmayne, a defendant hereinafter named, to intermarrie with

2 A

i8o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Here lyeth the Body of RALPH REDMAYNE,
Esq. who Departed this life the third Day of March,
Anno Doni, 1703, in the 63rd yeare of his age.
Speak Tomb, can Brass and Marble die ?

They may my sweaty fears reply.
What then indures ? Goodnesse alone

Survives the Brass, the marble Tomb
That warmes his ashes here enshrined.

And beames the Lustre of his mind.
By this his name, his coat doth stand

More famed than by the bloody hand.
Let his last generosity

To Altar, School and Poverty
For ever witness this ; and dead

With deathlesse Laurels crowne His head
Thus will the actions of the just

Smell sweet and blossome in the dust.

His will, a copy of which is treasured among the
records of Thornton parish, is, I think, sufficiently in-
teresting to be given in full. It will be seen that such
small possessions as he had enjoyed he left principally to
the local poor and for the endowing of a grammnr school ;
while his silver he bequeathed to the church of Thornton
for conversion into the handsome altar-plate which is
pictured opposite. It will also be noticed that he left to
the church two damask napkins, one of which has the
figure of the Temple of Jerusalem woven therein, and
which may not improbably have come down to him from
some crusading ancestor.

WILL of RALPH RKDMAVNK l^squire, of Halsteads, in the
Parish of Thornton, County of York, dated Feb. 3, 1702, proved
Mar. 30, 1703.

In the name of God, Auien. I, Ralph Redmayne, of Halsteads,
in the Parish of Thornton and County of York, Esquire, being sick
of body but of sound mind and perfect memory, praised be Almighty

Al.TAK-i'E.ATK

K THOKNTON CHUHCH,

'^ilhud Liy Knlph Kedmayne. Esq.

REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 181

God for the same, doe make and ordaine this my last will and testa-
ment in manner and forme following (that is to say) — ffirst and
principally I commend my soul into the hands of Almighty God
hopeing through the merits and death of my Saviour Jesus Christ to
have full and free pardon and forgiveness of all my sins and to
inherit evedasting life, and my body I commit to the t- arth to be
decently buryed att the discretion of my executors hereafter named.
And as touching the disposal of all and temporall estates as it hath
pleased Almighty God to bestow upon me I give and dispose thereof
as foUoweth : —

ffirst, I will that my debts, legacies and funerall expenses shall be
paid and discharged.

Item. I give and bequeathe to the use of the Church of Thornton
one damask napkin having the figure of the Temple of Jerusalem
woven therein ; one damask napkin, one large silver Tankard have-
ing my coat-of-arms on it, one little silver Tankard, Two silver Pot-
tingers, two silver salts, six silver spoons, three silver castors, and two
silver salvers — all to be made, melted downe or exchanged into a
less silver salver, into two silver Flaggons, and a silver Bowl with a
cover, both to be double gilt, and to have the image of our Saviour
crucified on the top thereof. And I will and order that they shall
all be to and for the use of the said Church of Thornton for ever.

Item. I give and bequeathe to the use of the poor people of
Thornton for ever, the poor people of Ireby only excepted, the sum
of ffifty Pounds of lawfull English money to be paid by my Execu-
tors hereafter named at the end of one year after my decease. And
my will and mind is that the interest and consideration and yearly
profitt and increase of tha said ffifty Pounds be given and distributed
to the poor people of the said Parish of Thornton yearly and every
year for ever, the poor people of Ireby only excepted.

Item. I will give and bequeathe the snm of two hundred pounds
of lawfull money of England to be paid at the end of one year next
after my decease unto Thomas Topping of Barneywick, Roland
Tatham, Thomas Yetts, and John Knowles, in the Parish of Thorn-
ton, yeoman, to be bestowed and lett out by them upon land or to
be lett out on interest till they can conveniently well bestow and
secure the said money upon land to and for the use and interest
that the yearly interest rents and profits and revenues which may

i84 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

(i) Catherine, who became the wife of a London
husband of the name of Downe ; and

(2) Margaret, who married Thomas Wildman and
had a son, Geoffrey, mentioned in his uncle Richard*s
will.

Thus, although Sir John had at least eight children by
his two wives, not one of his five sons seems to have left
any issue ; while his daughters made their homes and
brought up their families away from the place of their
childhood.

Thornton Hall, which probably sheltered many
generations of this branch of the Redman family, and
which was a spacious, stoutly-built manor house, with
walls two yards thick, has long vanished. A trace of it,
'it is said, is still to be seen in an adjacent farm-building
in the form of an arch, which may once have been part of
a fireplace in the Hall, bearing the initials J. B. and T. B.
and the date 1659 — a striking illustration of the fate that
overtakes the homes of once flourishing families as well
as the families themselves. In the new Hall, too, are
stones and mullions which probably formed part of the
earlier building.

The present Church of St. Oswald at Thornton, in
and around which so many generations of Redmans are
sleeping, retains little of the structure of the older church,
which it largely replaced in 1869-70, with the exception
of the fifteenth century tower and three of the original
Norman arches at the west end of the north arcade. It
has, however, in addition to the brasses mentioned earlier,
a most interesting seventeenth or eighteenth century win-
dow, containing the Redman arms in stained glass, with
the Thornton crest, a hand (in this presentment, the left
hand) gules.

REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 185

The Thornton registers are rich in material for students
of Redman genealogy. The earliest baptismal entry
is that of ** Wm. the sonne of Marmaduke Redmayne,
Esquire," who was baptized anno 1578; and between that
year and August, 1847, no fewer than one hundred and
sixty-four little Redmans followed William to the Thorn-
ton font. The marriage entries begin three years later, in
158 1, when one Robert Commynge led Margaret Red-
mayne to the altar, to be followed by seventy-five more of
the name down to November, 182 1 ; and there are one
hundred and forty-one burial entries between that of
** Jenett, daughter of Oswalde Redmayne, on Oct. 29, A°
1577/' and that of John Redmayne, of Burton, in Janu-
ary, 1847,

2 6

REDMANS OF IREBY. • . 187

men, and the dispute related to certain glebe lands in
Burton in Kendal. This document, the Rey. W. B.
Grenside, M.A., the courteous vicar of Melling, informs
me, is in possession of the Roman catholic priest at
Hornby.

Thomas had an heir Edmund, with at least three other
sons, of whom Bryan wed Elizabeth, daughter and co-
heiress of Richard Southworth, of Gressingham, one of
whose sisters, Cecily, found a husband in Edward, of
Thornton, parent of the lines of Gressingham and Fulford,
while a second sister, Mabel, had for guardian Christppher
Parker, Esquire, of Radholme. Edmund married an
heiress of Wrayton, and died on 29th March, 151 1, seized
of lands in Ireby, Tatham, Hornby, Wrayton, Claughton,
and Tunstall (Duchy of Lancaster, Inq. p.m. 3 Hen, VIH.
vol. iv.. No. 42), and leaving an heir, Thomas, who was a
youth of eighteen at his father's death.

Thomas, the new head of the Ireby branch, was born
in 1493, and wed Grace, daughter of William Layton, of
Dalemayn, in Cumberland, whose mother was not im-
probably a Tunstall, of Thurland. He had no long tenure
of his estates, for he died at the early age of forty-three
(in 1536) ; and the inquest after his death (Duchy of
Lanes, vol vii.. No. 2, 27 Hen. VHL) shews that he held
lands in Ireby, Tunstall, Hornby, Wrayton infra Melling,
and Claughton.

His successor was his son William, a boy of twelve,
with a long minority before him under the guardianship
of a kinsman, probably a brother of his mother. In the
Letters and Papers, Hen. VIII., vol. xiv (15 May, 1539) we
find a *' grant to Ed. Layton, elk.. Archdeacon of Bucks,
of all messuages, lands, &c., in Ireby, Tunstall, Hornby,
Wratton, and Clayghton, or elsewhere in the County

i88 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

of Lancashire, which belonged to Thomas Redmayne,
deceased, during the minority of William Redmayne, son
and heir of the said Thomas, with wardship and marriage
of the said William."

Six years later the young heir had licence of entry on
his estates — William Redmayne, Esq., son and heir of
Thomas Redmayne, Esquire, deceased. Special licence
of entry without proof of age and without livery upon all
the lands of his inheritance. (Duchy of Lanes. General
and Special Liveries. Dep. Keeper's Rept., 39 App., p.

558).

William had not far to go to look for a wife, for he
found her half-an-hour's good ride away at Thurland
Castle, in Isabel, a daughter of Sir Marmaduke Tunstall
and Alice, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Robert Scargill.
Isabell was one of three sisters, bom a few years after
their grandfather. Sir Brian, had fallen at Flodden ; great
niece of Cuthbert Tunstall, the bishop, and of Mrs.
William Redmayne, of Twisleton.

William, no doubt enriched by this Tunstall alliance,
was a man of considerable importance in his time ; and
we are not surprised to find him, in 1588, among the
" gentlemen of the best calling in the County of Lancas-
ter." It is no doubt this William whose name appears
with that of his brother-in-law, Francis Tunstall, in the
list of Lancashire gentlemen who, at this time, were
leagued together for the defence of Queen Elizabeth
against the evil machinations of Mar}% Queen of Scots,
and the other enemies of the State. (Baines's Lancashire
i., p. 183).

William and Isabel were blessed, probably beyond their
wishes, with children, of whom seven sons and three
daughters are on record. The eldest son, George,

REDMANS OF IREBY. 189

appears to have been anything but the comfort he ought to
have been to his father in his old age, as is shown by the
following bill of complaint from the Duchy of Lancaster
Pleadings, vol. 115, R. 4.

Bill of Complaint of George Redman, of Ireby, Co. Lanes, gentle-
man — William Redman, of Ireby, Esquire (father of George) was
lawfully seized of an estate of inheritance in the Manor and Lord-
ship of Ireby, &c., and by his deed dated in or about the month of
March, 25 Elizabeth ^1582-3) covenanted with petitioner, being his
eldest son, Thomas Morley, Thomas Redman and John Wood, that
he (William) and Isabell, his wife, should, before the feast of St.
Michael next (29 Sept., 1583) levy a fine of the said Manor &c to
the use of said William and Isabell his wife, for life, and then to the
use of petitioner, with remainder over &c. By the same deed it was
agreed that George Redman should enjoy two chambers on the west
side of the said manor-house, with a garden belonging to the same,
&c. &c.

The fine was levied, and now both deeds are in the
possession of the said William Redman, who will not
allow petitioner to have pasture for three kyne and two
geldings as arranged under the deed.

The answer of William Redman, the father, states that
the matters are put forward by complainant as a most un-
kind son towards his natural father, aged about seventy
years, and dwelling nine score miles from the court, &c.
He says that about the feast of Michaelmas last past,
George put upon the pastures divers horses or geldings
" infected with vile and most horrible diseases," and so he
ordered his servant to remove them.

The undutiful heir did not very long survive this legal
dispute, for he died five years before his old father, and
was buried at Thornton, 20th March, 1592-3. He must
have been both husband and father at the time he was

igo REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

living under the paternal roof at Ireby; for in 1579 he
wed Julian, daughter of Nicholas Leyboume, of Cunswick,
who found solace after his death by becoming Mrs.
Brough ; and he had a daughter and heiress, Frances (vbc
1599), who became wife to Christopher Coniers, of Danby,
and who figures in a Chancery suit with William Redman,
her uncle.

Christopher Coniers and » Bill for payment of moy by settlement
Frances, his wife, pits charged on the Manor of Irebye, and
Wm. Redman, Deft 1 lands in Tunstall, Lecke, Wraton

Hornebye, Todgill, Westboiifie, &c.
{Chancery Proceedings, Queen Eliz*^., Rolls Series, vol. i., p. 155).

(2) William, the second son of William Redman and
Isabel Tunstall, by his marriage linked the long-severed
lines of Harewood and Thornton; for his \\ife was Aveline
Lambert, granddaughter of the third and last Richard, of
Harewood, daughter of John Lambert, of Calton, and
aunt of the great General Lambert of later years.

William and his wife figure in the following fines : —

1596. Samuel Lambert, gent (Aveline*s brother)

William Redmayne, gent and Aveline his wife —

messuage and lands in Burton- in -Lonsdale.
1597- Giles Foxcroft— Wm. Redmayne E^q. and Isabel his wife;

Wm. Redmayne and Aveline his wife, Francis Redmayne

gent, and Jenetta, his wife — Lands in Netherlands and

Thornton.

Evidently William, senior, was tenant in tail in possession
and William and Francis, his two sons, were tenants in
tail in remainder successively ; the wives being joined to
bar their dower.

liyoz. Kdward Garnet — William Redmayne, gent, and Aveline, his
wife— ^ Lands in Burton in Mewthe (Mewith, near Beotfaaoi).

REDMANS OF IREBY. 191

William also figures in these earlier fines : —

1585. William Redmayne, gent — Rosse, gent — Three messuages

and lands in Burton and Burton Moor.
1587. William and George Redmayne — Johnson, Lands in Burton.
1592. William Redmayne, gent, and others — ^Johnson and Eliz, his

wife — Lands in Burton.
1594. Robert Cansfield and others— Wm. Redmayne and others —

II messuages with tenements in Thornton, Westhouse,

Burton, Over Bentham, and Nether Bentham.

To William and Aveline were born two sons and a
daughter who died young, and a son, George, born in
1 60 1, of whose future nothing appears to be known. It is
not improbable that there were other children whose
names do not appear in the local registers.

(3) Marmaduke, the third son of William Redman
and Isabel Tunstall, was probably " Marmaduke, of Clif-
ford, gentleman," who died in 1594, ^ Y^^^ ^^ so after his
eldest brother, George, and while his father was still alive.

(4) Christopher, who appears in 1579.

(5) Francis, " of Burton, gentleman," who married
Jennet, and whose will is dated, 7 August, 1598. He left
all to his widow, and among the creditors mentioned in
his will is " Mrs. Redman, of Ireby, my mother." Francis
appears to have died without offspring, and his wife was
probably Jennet Lullson who, on the evidence of the
Thornton Register, married " ffrancis Redmayne on Aug.
II, Anno 1594."

(6) Gabriel, who in 1583, is curiously mentioned as
next in the entail to William, married (in 1607) Mary,
daughter of James Danby, and widow of Roger Walker,
who nine years later made a third matrimonial venture,
this time with Posthumus Coulton, Esq. Of GabriePs
children, Mary became the wife of Richard Conyers, of

192 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HAREWOOD.

York and Northallerton, and had issue : — ^James, Richard,
Francis, Ann, and Mary, who wed, in 1680, J. Saville, of
York. Gabriers will is dated 1613,
(7) Jason, who died in 1594.

Of the daughters of William Redman and Isabel Tun-
stall : —

(i) Ellen was twice married, (a) to Robert Baines,
of Sellet House, on i8th April, 1584, and (b) to
Samuel Lambert, brother of Aveline Lambert, and
grandson of Richard Redman, of Harewood. By
Samuel Lambert, Ellen had issue John, bom in
1607, and other children.

(2) Ann, who seems to have married Thomas Morley,

of Wennington, in 1583 ; and

(3) Mary, living in 1579.

All these children, with the exception of George, appear
as legatees for small sums in the will of their grandmother,
Dame Marie Tunstall, widow of Sir Marmaduke. The
will is dated 31 December, 21 Eliz. (1579), ^^^ contains
the following bequests : —

To my daughter Isabell Readman £^0. To Ellen Redman, her
daughter, £^0. Item — I do give to William, Marmaduke, Chris-
topher, Francis, Gabriel, Jason, Ann and Marie Readman, children
of William Readman, Esquire, my sonne in law, gotten of the bodie
of my said daughter Isabell, £1^0 to be equally divided amongst
them.

Supervisors, John Dawney (Sir John Dawnay, of Sessay, co. York,
who married Elizabeth, another daughter of Sir Marmaduke and
Lady Tunstall), and William Readman, Esquire, my son-in-law.

Witnesses— George Readman and others.

Probate 21 March, 1578-9.

William and Isabel, when they looked on their seven
sons, might well have thought that whatever fate befell

RE DAMANS OF IREBY. 193

other branches of their family the perpetuation of the
Ireby line was secured against any possibility of failure;
but, such is the irony of life, the family of Ireby seems to
have come to its close at the very time when its continu-
ance seemed to be most assured. Not one of William's
seven sons appears to have left an heir, with the possible
exception of William, whose son George appears on the
register of births in 1601, only to vanish from all later
view.

This William (husband of Avelyn Lambert) seems to
have dissipated the family estates ; for a generation later
— in 1647 — we find the manor of Ireby in the possession
of a son of James Redman, of Thornton.

The hall of Ireby (now known as Over Hall), which
probably sheltered several generations of this branch of
the Redman family, is still in existence, although it has
been largely rebuilt since their day. Of this ancient house
Mr. Speight gives the following interesting account in his
Craven and North West Yorkshire Highlands (pp. 269-70).

It is a sturdy mansion, with walls in some places six feet thick,
and has an antique-looking square tower with open battlements at
its north end. On entering the ancient stone-porch we pass by a
ponderous oak -door, pegged with wooden nails, which opens into a
spacious apartment called the Justice Hall. It was formerly the
great dining-hall, and had a low ceiling ; but many years ago it was
thrown open to the rooms above.

At one time this was used as a Court-room, and some oak benches
and the table before which the justices sat, are still preserved. The
oldest portions of the house date apparently from the earliest years
of the i6th century. The earlier house is said to have been much
larger than the present building, and occasionally old foundations
are met with. It was approached by a handsome carriage- drive
half-a-mile long ; and there is a legend to the effect that a subter-
ranean passage used to exist between the old Masongill Hall and

2 C

194 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

I re by Hall, but what was its direction or whether it ever really
existed we have not had means to discover.

Ireby Hall was restored late in the seventh centuty by
Oliver Tatham, member of an ancient and gentle family
with which the Redmans made several matrimonial alli-
ances. The last of the Tathams who made Ireby Hall his
home was High Sheriff of Lancashire, and he lies, neigh-
bour to many dead and gone Redmans, under the chancel
of Thornton church.

Many of the Redmans of this branch were baptized,
married and buried in the parish church of Ingleton, the
registers of which contain numerous entries. The earliest
baptismal record is that of ** Alicia Redmaine, daughter
of Roger Redmaine, March 5, 1608,*' and one hundred
and thirty-two little Redmaynes followed Alicia to the
font, of which, as of the church, I am able to give a
picture. The marriage entries begin in 1607 (May 24th),
with the wedding of Margaret Redman to Christopher
Houlme ; and the burial entries, in the same year, with
Agnes Redman, daughter of Marmaduke, who was laid to
rest in the church. The Redman entries in the registers
of the neighbouring parishes of Bentham, Melling, Kirkby
Lonsdale and Giggleswick are very few.

195

THE REDMANS OF TWISLETON,

CHAPTER XVni.

npHE Redmans of Twisleton, like their kinsmen of
J- Ireby, owed their existence to a younger son of the
pioneer Thomas, of Thornton — to one John Redman,
who in 1437 appears as *' John Redman of Westhouse, in
Thornton, gentleman,'' as a party to the bond relating, it
is surmised, to a dispute as to Tunstall property.

William, John's son and successor, found a wife in
Cecily, elder daughter of Sir Thomas de Strickland, of
Sizergh, and Mabel, daughter of Sir John de Bethom. It
was William's father-in-law. Sir Thomas, who carried the
banner of St. George in the fight at Agincourt ; he dis-
tinguished himself in later years at the siege of Harfleur,
and at the capture of Rouen, and was one of King Henry
VI. 's brilliant escort when ht went to Paris to be crowned
King of France in the church of Notre Dame. The mar-
riage of his daughter Cecily probably took place early in
1436, a few months before Sir Thomas, then someway
advanced in the fifties, set sail for France, taking the pre-
caution to make his will before embarking at Sandwich,
although he lived to revise his last testament twenty-four
years later. On January 31, 1435-6, William of Twisleton
was enfeoffed by his father-in-law in Little Urswick manor.
The Redman ownership of this manor was signalised by
the change of name of the ancient Hall of Urswick to
Redmayne Hall.

llfbman of S^briabton.

John Redman, of Westhouf^e,

(younger son of Thomas, of Thornton)

20 Hen. VI., 28 Hen. VI.

William = Cecily,

son and heir enfeoffed in Little
Urswick Manor, 31 Jan. 1435-6,
by Sir Thos. de Strickland.

elder dau. of Sir Thos.
de Strickland.

John, son and heir,

ward of Sir Henry FitzHugh.

William = Margaret,

of Twisleton and Urswick,
ob. 20 May, 1536.

dau. of Sir Thomas
Tunstal.

James = Mauu,
ob. V. p.
vix. 1525.

John, D.D., Thomas,

dau. of Cieoffrey ist Master of B.D.,

Redman, Ksq., Trin. Coll., Camb. ; Master of

of Thornton. buried Westminster Jesus Coll.,

married secondly Abbey, 1550-1. Camb., &c.
Thomas Barton,
Ksq.

George
= Margaret
Whittington

William ^Margaret Vavasour
b. 1522. I

I
Dau. = Leonard Metcalfe, Esq.
of Beare Park,
(Nappa).

I "" I

Mar.madlke ? Krances = Leonard Babthorpe, Esq.

two daughters.

REDMANS OF TWISLETON. 197

William and Cecily had a son, John, of whose existence
the only evidence seems to be that a wicked uncle ran
away with him. In 1467 we find Giles Redman (probably
the Giles who was vicar of Bentham in 1445) defen-
dant in a case of abduction of John, son and heir of
William Redman, from the custody of Sir Henry Fitz
Hugh, Knight. John's guardian, from whose custody he
was so unceremoniously taken was probably Henry, fifth
Lord Fitz Hugh, who in the following year, actuated by
some pious motive, made a pilgrimage to the Holy
Sepulchre, and on his return founded a chantry for two
priests in his castle at Ravensworth.

Whether or not the abducted John survived his father I
cannot say. It is probable, however, that William of
Twisleton and Urswick, who appears later and with more
prominence on the scene, was his son. This William took
for wife Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas Tunstall by
Alice, daughter of George Nevill, Archbishop of York, and
thus a lineal descendant of John of Gaunt and the third
Edward. William makes several appearances in connec-
tion with his distinguished brothers-in-law Cuthbert, the
bishop, and Brian, the knight.

He was, as we shall see later, one of the executors of
the will which Sir Brian made shortly before going to his
death at Flodden ; and received a small legacy from him
"for my syster marryage." Cuthbert Tunstall, in a letter
to Cardinal Wolsey, dated 14 Dec. 1520, refers to his
brother-in-law, William Redmayn ; and again on 29 Jan.
1536, Tunstall, then Bishop of Durham, when sending
bulls to Cromwell, says ** William Redmayne, the bearer,
will deliver them." (Letters and Papers, F. & D. Hen.
VIH., vols. iii. and x.) As William, however, died in the
following May advanced in years, it is perhaps more pro-

198 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

bable that the messenger to Cromwell was some unknown
namesake. It could scarcely be William's grandson and
successor who in 1536 was only a boy of fourteen.

In 4 Hen. VIII. (1512), there was an award between
the abbot of Furness and John Flemyng, of Rydale, Esq.,
made by Brian Tunstall, Sir John Lowther, John Lam-
plugh and William Redmayne, of Twisleton, relating to
the manor of Coniston (Beck's Furness Annals, P- 305) J
seven years later, on 8th July, 1519, William was ap-
pointed a commissioner to search for suspected persons, in
company with the Chancellor of Lancaster, the Master of
the Rolls, and Dr. Throckmorton (Letters & Papers, F.
& D., Hen. VIII., vol. iv.) ; and he is probably the William
Redmayne who appears in the following fine (Michaelmas
Term, 19 Hen. VIII., 1527) : —

Plaintiffs : Cuthbert, Bishop of London, John Norton, of Norton,
William Redmayne and Richard Redmayne, Esq'^^*., Richard Huddle-
ston and Thomas Redmayne. Deforciants : Thomas Wentworth Kt.
and Thomas Wentworth, gent., his son and heir apparent. — Manor
of Massynggyll, and 30 messuages and a water mill, with lands in
Massynggyll, Burton and Thornton.

William died on the 20th May, 1536, and according to
his inquisition p.m. (28 Hen. VIII.) was seized of the
following estates in Lancashire : — Parva Urswyke Manor,
Ulvcrston in P^ourness, Claghton, Over Kellet and Gres-
svngham. He seems to have taken his leave of life in the
countv of Durham, as is evidenced bv a transfer of the
lease of certain vaccaries in Wynsdale, in 1542, to John
Middlctnn, Escj., in which it is mentioned that he died at
Okeland, en. Durham, havinj^ previously made his will
there and aj)p()inted as his executors Cuthbert, Bishop of
Durham, and John Redmayn, S. T. D., who surrender the

REDMANS OF TWISLETON. 199

lease granted to William Redmayn, in favour of a new
one to John Middleton. According to the Lancashire In-
quisition John Middleton held the lands at Ursvvick, &c.,
during the minority of William's grandson and heir.

Of William's sons, the eldest, James, who in 16 Hen.
VIII. (1524) is styled "James Redman, nuperde Barwick,
in Com. Lane, gentilman, filius Will. Redmayn," (Lane.
Assize Roll 6), married his kinswoman, Matilda or Maud,
daughter of Geoffrey Redman, of Thornton, who later
became the wife of Thomas Barton, Esquire. James died
eleven years before his father, leaving a son and heir,
William, born in 1522, who succeeded his grandfather in

1536.

Dr. John Redman.

A younger son of William and Margaret Tunstall was,
in all probability, Dr. John Redman, a cleric of note and
one of the finest scholars of his century. He was born in
1499, was a boy of fourteen when his uncle Brian fared
forth to find death and glory at Flodden; and, a little
later, by the advice, it is said, of his uncle, Cuthbert Tun-
stall, then probably doing parson's work at Harrow-on-
the-Hill, he was sent to Corpus Christi, Oxford. From
Oxford he went to see what Paris could teach him, and
celebrated his majority by entering his name at St. John's
College, Cambridge, where he donned his bachelor's hood
at the age of twenty-six. He was M.A. in 1530, a Fellow
in the same year, and a full-blown Doctor of Divinity

in 1537-
Th us trained under the eye and backed by the influence

of his uncle, the bishop, John of Twisleton could scarcely
fail to make something of a success of his life ; and al-
though he never reached any higher position in the church

200 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

than that of Archdeacon, he certainly left his mark on the
history of his time. He was one of the accommodating
clt:r*i:y whose mission it was to discover some pretext
which might justify Henry VHI. in getting rid of the
*' unattractive Dutch lady/' Anne of Cleves, whose mis-
fortune it was to be his Queen ; and his signature appears
on the decree declaring the marriage invalid. In 1540 he
was made Prebendary of Westminster and Wells, and five
years later he was Archdeacon of Stafford,

With Parker, later Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. John
was appointed a commissioner to survey the property of
colleges ; and his name figures on many another com-
mission, including the heresy commission of 1549. He
was one of the witnesses at Bishop Gardiner's trial,
Master of King's Hall, Cambridge, the first Master of
Trinity College, Cambridge, and o^e of the com-
pilers of the Book of Common Prayer. Consumption
carried him off in November, 155 1, when he had not long
completed his half-century of years. Officious protectants
it is said, '* crowded round his death-bed to try and get
some declaration of his religious opinions." He was
buried iu Westminster Abbey. The precise date of his
death is entered in a copy of the Roman Breviary (1519)
in the library uf the Dt^an and Chapter of York, in a list
of obits of members and friends of the Vavasour family of
Spaldington. The entry, which is in the handwriting of
John Vavasour, Esq., who died in 1560, reads thus: —

Nov. 28, 1 55 1. Obitus J". Redman, doctoris.

Like his uncle, Bishop Tunstall, Dr. John Redmayno
left behind him a few Latin treatises, some of which have
survived to our day. It was my good fortune, a tew
months ago, to pick up a small volume printed at Antwerp

REDMANS OF TWISLEtOfl. 20t

^^ I555> fours years after John's death. This volume
contains two Latin treatises — of which the first bears this
title :—

lOHANNIS REDMANI sacrae Theologiae professoris de justi-
ficatione opus. Huic accessit Hymnus ejusdem argumenti per
eundem authorem.

The tract is prefaced by an introduction by Cuthbert
Constall (sic), Bishop of Durham, and contains this in-
teresting personal reference to the author and the work: —

de justificatione tractatum quem loannes Redmanus sacrae Theo-
logie professor dum viveret, absoh'it, et celeberrimae memoriae
Henrico octavo Angliae, Franciae et Hiberniae Regi et fidei defen-
sori, ciijus sacellanus erat, obtulit etc. Nam is tractatus integer ad
manus nostras pervenit, qiiem indignum pntavimiis lit in tenebris
delitesceret et qnem ille ipse si vixisset omnibus edere decreverat
sed non poterat, morte praeventus.

The tract, which is a short one of about 7,500 words, is
followed by a hymn containing thirty-eight verses, of
which it may perhaps be interesting to quote the follow-
ing examples : —

lesu salus mortalium,
Spes, vita, hix et gloria,
Sermo dei factus caro,
Servator orbis unice.

Tu Veritas es et via,
Tu vita, lux et omnia,
In te fidelis quisquis est
Mortis ruinam non timet.

The second treatise of my little volume is headed : —

CONTRA IMPIOS Blasphematores Dei praedestinationis opus
Cuthberti TonstaUi Punehnensis Episcopi.

? P

202 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

A third probable son of William was Thomas Redman,
B.D., who was master of Jesus College, Cambridge, and
chaplain to Dr. Thomas Thirlby, when Bishop of Ely

(1554-9- •
And a fourth son was, I think, George, who may,

however, have been of the Ireby branch. On this point

Colonel Parker says : —

George Redinayne, who wed Margaret Whittington, was most
probably a son of William, of Twisleton, and Margaret Tunstall ;
but I only gather this from the fact that William purchased the
wardship of the Whittington heiress, and one would reasonably
expect that his object was to marry his sons well. There, is, how-
ever, one thing that makes me believe that George, of Borwick, may
have been of Irel)y ; and that is that his sons bear Ireby names.
Now if he was a son of Thomas Redmayne, of Ireby, and Grace
Layton, of Dalemayn, we have at once an explanation of his own
name, George, which was a Layton favourite, and also of the name
of their own son and heir, Thomas.

He may, indeed, have been son of Thomas, and younger
brother of William of Ireby.

George Redman, whom perhaps the balance of evidence
marks as a son of William of Twisleton, married Nf argaret
Whittington, heiress of Borwick, a Lancashire manor,
which, in 1489, was held by the tenth part of a knight's
fee by Thomas Whittington (Due. Lane, vol. iii., n. 47),
and in 151 1 had passed to John Whyttyngton of Le Hirst
Houses juxta Dokkcr Warton (Ibid. vol. iv., n. 43). It
is described in 9 Hen. VHI. as Berwyk juxta Warton
Manor, in the in(|uisiti()n after the death of Thomas
Whittington (Ibid. n. S6). (George, who died ist Mav,
1565, ai)pcars to have had tw(^ son?, Thomas and Mar-
maduke, who in 1567 sold the manc^r of Borwick together
with otiicr lands in Yorkshire and Westmorland, as
evidenced by the following proceeding in Chancery : —

REDMANS OF TWISLETON. 203

Rob Byndelose pit. and Thos. Newton def. — Bill to establish pur-
chase of the Manor of Barwicke, Co. Lanes, and divers other lands
in Yorkshire and Westmorland sold to the plaintiff by Thomas and
Marmaduke Redmayne, deceased. (Chancery Proceedings. Queen
Eliz^^'. Rolls series, vol. i., p. 83).

The new owner of Borwick was probably a son of Sir
Christopher Bindloss, a cloth-dealer and alderman of
Kendal, in 1579.

On Borwick Hall, which probably was the home of
George and his family for some years, Baines (History of
Lancashire, p. 606) has this note : —

Borwick Hall is a spacious decayed house, temp, Chades I., but
with a much older peel at the east end. The great hall is still en-
tire. Over the fireplace are the arms of Bindloss, impaling West,
and beneath the names, " Byndlos : West," the second wife of Sir
Francis having been Cecilia, daughter of Thomas West, Lord de la
Ware. One of the bedrooms was the ancient chapel, and adjoining
is the priest's closet, beneath which still remains a secret place, into
which the persecuted ecclesiastics, on pressing part of the floor,
suddenly descending, eluded for the time all further search. When
Charles II. was at Borwick Hall, in August, 1651, he was little
aware in how few days he was to be indebted for his crown and life
to a similar contrivance.

After George's death his widow appears to have found
speedy solace for his loss in a second husband ; for in the
following year, 1566, we find her the wife of Thomas
Atkinson. Margaret and her second husband evidently
got into serious trouble with her son Thomas, for we find
'' Thomas Atkinson and Margaret his wife '' plaintiffs and
Thomas Redman defendant, in an action for false im-
prisonment in Lancaster gaol for trespass on Bewick
manor, co. Lanes. In the previous year, 1565, we also
find Robert Greenbancke claiming as lessee of George

;j04 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND H4REW00D.

Redman, who was seized in fee in right of his wife, plain-
tiff, and Margaret Redmayne, widow, Richard Black-
house, John Browne, Richard Wilson in right of said
Margaret Redmayne, defendants, concerning a capital
messuage, called Bewick Hall, Lanes.

In fact, after George's death his widow appears to have
found herself generally in troubled waters, ancj no doubt
spent part of her seclusion in Lancaster gaol ip brooding
over the iniquities of sons and the imprudence of second
marriages.

The following pedigree wiU probably help to the under-
standing of this part of the Twisleton History : —

Margaret Whittington= George Redman =Thos. Atkinson

heiress of Berwick,
Livery 24 Henry VIII.,
vix. 1566.

died ist May, 1565. 1566.

I I

Thomas Redman, Esq. Marmaduke, gent.,

sells Berwick, 1567. joins in sale of Berwick, 1567.

Thomas and Marmaduke both died before 1587, and
evidently without offspring, for in that year we find
Thomas Newton claiming as ** cousin and heir of Thomas
and Marmaduke Redman, now deceased."

Having thus considered the four probable sons of
William Redman and Margaret Tunstall — the absolute
identity of only one of whom, James, is established — we
may return to William's successor in the headship of the
Twisleton branch, his grandson William, eldest son of
James. When the older William died in 1536, his grand-
son and successor was barely fourteen years old, and a
suitable guardian was found for him in his great-uncle,
Cuthbert Tunstall, brother of his grandmother, Margaret
Tunstall. On 7th May, 1539, Cuthbert, Bishop of Dur-
ham, receives a grant of an annuity of tweiaty m^ks

REDMANS OF TW IS LET ON. 205

issuing from the manor of Twisleton and the messuages,
lands, etc., in Bentharn, Hurton, Westhus, Thornton,
Urswicke, Kellote, Gressingham, in Yorkshire and Lan-
cashire, which belonged to William Redmayne, deceased,
during the minority of William Redmayne, kinsman and
heir of the said William, with the wardship and marriage
of the said heir. (Letters and Papers, F. & D., Hen.
VIIL, vol. xiv.)

On 26th May, 36 Henry VUL (1544), William Red-
mayne, gentleman, cousin and heir of William Redmayne,
Esquire, deceased, namely the grandson and heir of the said
William, deceased, has special licence of entry without
proof of age and without livery upon all the lands of his
inheritance. (General and Special Liveries).

William, the new Lord of Twisleton, married Margaret,
daughter of John Vavasour, Esq., of Hazlewood, Yorks,
by Anne, daughter of Henry, seventh Lord Scrope, of
Bolton. Through her mother Margaret was descended
from the Fitz Hughs, Percies and Nevills, and could if
she were so disposed, have boasted a liberal strain of
Plantagenet blood.

William and Margaret Redmayne had a (Jaughter
F'rances who became the wife of Leonard Babthorpe,
Esquire ; and within three generations all the goodly
lands of the Twisleton inheritance seem to have passed
from Redman hands. The nianor of Redman and Red-
man \ov Redmayne) Hall in Urswick were sold by William
in 1565 to Richard Wycliffe, citizen and goldsmith of
London (Close Roll — 677) ; and the remaining estates
were sold by himself and his immediate descendants, as is
evidenced by numerous fines during the latter part of the
sixteenth century.

206

OFF-SHOOTS FROM THE THORNTON

COLONY.

CHAPTER XIX.

KiRKBY Lonsdale and Ireland.

IN the early years of the seventeenth century a family
of Redmans, whose story presents some features of
interest, was settled at Kirkby Lonsdale, a few miles
distant from the colony of Thorn ton-in- Lonsdale, of which
it was probably an off-shoot. This was the household of
** Dominus Jacobus " Redman, who seems to have been
vicar of Kirkby Lonsdale, and later, of Halton. The
Reverend James married Agnes Otway, of Middleton,
bore at least seven children to her husband, and after his
death spent the closing years of her life among her own
people at Middleton, where she died in 1628.

By her will (jrd September, 1628) in which she is de-
scribed as '* Agnes, widow of James Redman, late parson
of Halton," she leaves to her daughters, Isabel and Sarah,
portions equal to those which their sisters enjoyed. She
bequeaths small legacies to her daughter Rebecca's chil-
dren, Hryan and James Mansergh ; to her sister, *'John
Otway's wife," and her two daughters; to her ** Aunt
Bower" ; to Dorothy Staveley ; and to Mr. Leake, for the
care of her children. Her daughter, Margaret, is to have
her household goods at a reasonable rate ; and the

OFF-SHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 207

residue of her property she divides among her seven
children.

One of the youngest of these seven surviving children
was Daniel, who was born on November 30th, 1617, and
thus at the time of his mother's death would be a boy of
nearly eleven. He was destined to play a prominent part
in the Civil War which broke out a quarter of a century
later, and to become the ancestor of some of the Irish
nobles of to-day.

When Daniel in his turn sought a wife he found her
among his mother's people in Abigail, daughter of Roger
Otway, of Middleton, who was probably his first cousin ;
and by this marriage he became brother-in-law of Sir
John Otway, who was three years his junior, and who,
at the time of the marriage was probably studying law at
one of the Inns of Court in London. In later life Otway
played a conspicuous part as a supporter of his king in
the Civil War, was appointed vice-chancellor of the
Duchy of Lancaster and chancellor of the county palatine
of Durham, and died at the good age of 73.

When the Civil War began, Daniel, who had probably
been trained as a soldier, threw in his lot with the
Parliamentarians, served in Ireland under Henry Crom-
well, younger son of the Protector, and rose to the rank
of colonel. His brother-in-law, Otway, was just as zealous
in the cause of the Royalists ; and thus, as in so many
other cases, including that of Sir John Redmayne and his
son-in-law, Colonel Forbes, we find two members of a
family espousing opposite causes and bearing arms against
each other.

This unnatural state of things was naturally not
pleasing to Otway, and, setting to work to convince his
brother-in law of his iniquity, he succeeded so well that

2o8 RED^fANS OF LEVEXS AND HAREWOOD.

he actually converted him into one of Charles's most
staunch champions. The records give us at least one
interesting glimpse of Colonel Daniel in his martial
character : —

** When General Lambert was endeavouring to oppose Monk's
inarch from Scotland, Redman hastened up to Yorkshire from
London, and as soon as the soldiers who had served under him in
Ireland caught sight ot their old connuander, they vowed they would
be led by no other officer; and accordingly 1500 horsemen followed
him without more ado, leaving Lambert in the lurch, and clearing
the road for the passage of General Monk." {Sedbcr^h^ 6r., by \V.
Thompson, M.A.).

For his military services Redman was rewarded by a
grant of large estates in Ireland; and to the church of
Kirkby Lonsdale, the place of his birth, he gave part of
an estate which he had received for his exertions in
capturing a castle at Ballinabole, near Kilkenny. These
acres at one time yielded a rental of about 3^70 a year;
but for the last twenty years, I understand, they have con-
tributed nothing to the Kirkby Lonsdale living. It may
be mentioned that among the Lansdowne MSS. are
certain letters written by James Redman (probably
Daniel's father) to Henry Cromwell, chief governor of
Ireland, under whom his son was serving.

When Colonel Redman had no more use for his sword
he seems to have settled down peacefully on his Kilkenny
estates. He had two daughters, EUinor and Elizabeth,
the former of whom became the wife of Viscount Ikerrin,
ancestor of the Earls of Carrick, Clancarty and others
of our present-day nohk-s.

The following are siunmaries of the wills of Daniel
and his wife, Eli/aheth, who seems to have survived him
a few years : —

OFF-SHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 209

By his will, dated 14th December, 1674, " Daniel! Redman, esquire,
of Ballilinck, in the county of Kilkenny, appoints his wife, Abigail
Redman, sole executrix.*' He refers to his well-beloved sister,
Ellinor Jeonar, directs the residue of his personalty after the death
of his wife, to be divided between his two daughters, Ellinor and
Elizabeth.

He gives to Ellinor Jeonar the castle, town and lands of Inishmay,
barony of Killclogher, for her life ; and after her death to his
daughters or one of them according to his wife's discretion. He
appoints as overseers of his will Richard Stephens, and Nathaniel
Dnnbavant, esquires, of the city of Dublin, counsellors-at-law.
Signed and sealed with the Redman coat-of-arms.

The will of Abigail Redman, widow of Colonel Daniel Redman, is
dated 7th May, 1680.

She appoints as executrixes her daughters, Ellinor and Elizabeth,
and gives land at Glanmagorn to be equally divided between them.
To her sister, Ellinor Jeonar, the lease of her house in Kilkenny for
life, remainder to testatrix's daughter, the Viscountess Ikerrin, and
her daughter, Elizabeth.

To her grandchild, Fierce Butler, the lease of Loughmarash ; to
her daughter, Elizabeth, her coach and pair of horses and her little
riding-horse. To her kinswoman, Sara Hebblethwaite, six milch
cows and other stock. She directs that her funeral shall be private
and by torchlight, and appoints her sister, Ellinor Jeonar, and her
kinsman, Captain Thomas Mayers, to be overseers of her will.

Colonel Daniel was not however the first member of

his family to own large estates in Ireland. Just twenty

years before he was cradled at Kirkby Lonsdale, Marma-

duke Redmayne, esquire, of Thornton -in -Lonsdale,

received the substantial grant of 8,000 of the forfeited

acres of Munster, in company with Thomas Fleetwood,

esquire, whose slice of the disaffected province ran to

12,000 acres. The following is part of the original

grant : —

2 E

210 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

39th year of Elizabeth.
Grant to Thomas Fleetewood, esq., son and heir of John Fleete-
wood, of Caldwich, Staffordshire, esq., and Marmaduke Redmayne,
of Thorneton, Yorkshire, esq., of the lands of Cloghlych, containing
by estimation one ploughland, Glanmore alias Glancure, and
Ballenekari^ry i{ pi., Kyllordy, 2 pi. Kariginntan and Muckrony,
J pi., Ballenhowe, alias Ballcnderawyn i pi., etc., etc., etc., amount-
ing in all by estimation to 12,667 English acres, as parcels of two
seignories, one of 12.000 acres allotted to Fleetewood, and one of
8,000 acres allotted to Rodmayne. To hold by the name of Colonye
Fleetewood for ever, in fee farm, by fealty, in common socage.
Rent ;f7i 2s. 6^d., English, from 1594 (half for three years pre-
ceeding). If the lands are found to contain more than the estimated
number of acres, grantee shall pay 1 |d. for each additional English
acre. Grantees to erect houses for 95 families, of which one to be
for themselves, 8 for freeholders, 6 for farmers, and 42 for copy-
holders. Other conditions usual in grants for planting the under-
takers in Munster.

I have been unable to identify the Marmaduke of this
grant with certainty, as there were two Marmadukes of
position living at the same time in the district of Thorn-
ton — one, the son of Richard Redmayne and Elizabeth
Cholmeley, who survived to 1607 ; and the other, Marma-
duke, third son of WiHiam Redman, of Ireby, by Isabel
Tunstall. A third Marmaduke of the district, who, how-
ever, appears to have been dead a dozen years before the
date of the grant, was the younger son of George Redman
(? of Twisleton) by Margaret Whittington, heiress of
Borwick.

For some reason or other Marmaduke never took
possession of his Munster acres, probably owing to the
extrenu'ly disturbed roiulition of the province, which in
the following ye.ir was invaded and ravaged by Tyrone.
It was not, indeed, until Sir George Carew became
president of Munster in 1600 that it could be considered

OFFSHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 211

at all a possible place to settle in. Marmaduke's 8,000
acres were regranted to others, temp James I.

FULFORD.

It was from Thornton-in-Lonsdale that the Redmans
of F'ulford, near York, derived their origin, the following
account of which appears among the Parker manuscripts,
at Browsholme, written by Robert Parker, Esq., of
Marley, as long ago as 1666 : —

" Redman of ffulforth bears for his coate armour, gules, three
quishons ermine, buttons and taschelles, or.

KnwARD Redmane, of Gressingham, in the county of Lancaster,
discarded out of the family of Thorneton, being a second son,
married to Alice, daughter of Mr. Thomas South worth, (He married
Cicile, younger daughter and co-heir to Richard Southworth, of
Gressingham) by her had issue John, who purchased lands att
ffulforth, near the city of York. (He married Isabel, daughter of

but had no issue. Inq. p. m. 2 June 1575, will dated

1574. Dec. 13 ; died 31 Dec. 1574). Richard Readman, brother and
heir, aged 60 years and more ; but died without issue, having given
the said lands unto John, son and heir of Richard, his younger
brother.

" Richard Redmane, second son of Edward, maried Margaret,
daughter of Mr. Christopher Mayler, by her had issue John Red-
mane, of ffulforth ; Margaret, married to Mr. John Parkinson;
Isabell, to Mr. William Robinson, alderman of the city of York;
Agnes, to Mr. John Metcalf ; and Ellen to Mr. John Tompkin."

According to the following fragmentary pedigree,
Edward Redman, of Gressingham, founder of the family
of Fulford, was second son of Richard of Thornton, —
probably a great-grandson of the original Thomas, and
younger brother of Richard, who died v. p. ante 1498
(see Thornton pedigree) : —

212 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Edw. Redman =f Southworth,

de Gressington, co. Lane,
f. 2 Ric. de Thornton.

of Gressington.

I I

Ric. de Gress.=f. Xpr. Mausters. £a. s.p.

2nd f = de fulford=s Dorothy

Dawney. I John ? Newark ar.

Lucia.

I I I

Matthew John Christiana Margaret

Mt. 6 an 1584.

The knightly family of Southworth from which Edward
took his wife was of considerable antiquity and standing
in Lancashire. A Gilbert de Southworth appears as
witness to a deed in Edward I.*s time. A later Gilbert
was sheriff of Lancashire in 1320-1 ; and a third Gilbert
probably fought at Agincourt. There was at least one
other alliance between the families of Redman and South-
worth, that of Brian (vix. 1492), son of Thomas, of Ireby,
with Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of Richard
Southworth, of Gressingham, esquire, and sister of Cecily,
wife of Edward, of Gressingham.

The following is the inquisition p. m. on Richard, son
of Edward, of Thornton, and father of John : —

INQUISITION taken at the Castle of York, 29 July, 21 Eliz.,
1579 p.m. Richard Redman, who died seized of i of Manor of Ship-
ton, late parcel of the possessions of St. Mary at York, i of 9
messuages, 6 cottages and lands in Shipton ; } of 4 messuages,
lands, &c., in Gatcsalfurth, i of a messuage in VVaterfulforth, called
Rosehall, with lands belonging late of the Earl of Rutland deceased,
I of 20 acres of meadow in My ton Inges, i of a messuage with lands
in Skipwith, J of 4 messuages, &c., in Bennyngburge, i of a rent of
40" in Northdalton, J of a mill in Gatesfulfurth, a capital messuage
called Upperhall in Grassingham, Co. Lanes, with lands belonging;
and the capital messuage in Grassingham, called Netherhall, with
lands belonging &c. &c.

OFFSHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 213

And the said Richard Redmayne died 12'** June last past, and
John Redmayne is his son and next heir, and was of full age at his
father's death. (File 266. No. 98).

Richard, who, six years before his death, was executor
of the will of his namesake at Thornton, appears to have
married a daughter of Christopher Mansergh and to have
had, in addition to his heir, John, four daughters : — Mar-
garet, who married a Parkinson (variously called Laurence
and John), of Lancashire; Isabel, who married William
Robinson, alderman of York ; Ellinor, wife of John
Tompson or Tompkins ; and Agnes, wife of John Metcalfe,
probably of the ancient family of Nappa. (About the same
time it is interesting to note that another member of this
family, Leonard Metcalfe, of Beare Park, Esq., who took
part in the Rising of the North in 1569, married a daugh-
ter of James Redman of Twisleton).

William Robinson, who married Isabel Redman, was
Lord Mayor of York in 1581 and 1594, ^"d twice M.P. for
that city. From this union sprang four generations of
English statesmen : — Thomas Robinson, first Lord Gran-
tham, who was Ambassador and Secretary of State (died
1770) ; Thomas, second Lord Grantham, Foreign Secre-
tary^ (died 1786) ; Frederick, Viscount Goderich and Earl
of Ripon, who was Colonial Secretary and Premier (died
1859) ; and the present Marquis of Ripon, who has filled
several of the highest offices of state.

John Redman, Richard's successor, was succeeded by
his son Matthew, who was born in 1578 ; married in
1600, Margaret, daughter and heiress of William Gros-
venor, of York (Paver's Marriage Licences) ; and was
knighted by James I., at Windsor, on the 9th July, 1603
(Cotton MS. Claudius c iii.)

214 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

The further history of this family of Fulford scarcely
calls for special mention. The accompanying pedigree
gives its descent down to the latter part of the seven-
teenth century. It may, however, be well to note the
following marriages : —

1626. Jo. Redman, Esq., of Water Fulford, and Jane
Claphamson, daughter of Robert Claphamson, notary
public of St. Martin, Coney Street, York — at Fulford or
St. Martin :

1626. William Waller, of Middlethorpe, and Elizabeth
Redman, of Fulford — at Fulford : and in

1627. George Baguley, " clerk,'* and Mary Redman, of
Fulford — at St. Denis, York. (Paver's Marriage Licences).

It is not improbable that the two Redmans, who were
Lord Mayors of York in the i8th centur}% were cadets of
Fulford.

William, the senior of them, married Mar}'' Sotheby,
by whom he had

(i) Watkinson Redmayn, who was in America in 1724.

(2) Alice, who married Richard Atkinson. (Familiae
Minorum Gentium).

In his will (1728-9), in which he is described as ''late
Alderman and Lord Mayor of York," the following names
occur: — son and daughter, Richard Atkinson and Alice,
his wife ; Christian Stables ; grandsons, Redman Stables
and John Redman ; and sister, Beatrix Leadall. (Vol. 80.
Index to York wills).

The will of Charles, the second of the Redman Lord
Mayors of York, is dated 1731-2 (Vol. 82, Index to York
wills). His sister, Jane, married Samuel Staniforth, of
Attercliffc (Fam. Min. Gent.)

It^bman oi fnliovh.

Arms. — Quarterly, i and 4. Gules, a chevron, arg. between 3 cushions ermine,
tasseled or, a crescent charged with a crescent for difference — Redman.
2 and 3 sable, a chevron between 3 cross crosslets, arg. a crescent for
d i ff ere n ce — Southworth .

Crest.— On a cushion gules, tasseled or, a horse's head crined of the last, a
crescent for difference.

Edward Redman =•

dau. and heir to

of Gressingham, co. Lanes.,
second son to Redman oif
Thornton.

Southworth of Gressingham,
CO. Lancaster.

Richard Redman = dau. to Christopher

of Gressingham

Mansere of Mansere.
(Mansergh ?)

John R. ob. s.p.
gave all his lands
to John his nephew.
Inquisition 1574.
Will 1573.

I I

John Redman = Dorothy

Esq., of Fulford,
vix. 1584.

dau. of
Peter
Newark,
Esq.

Frances
dau. of —

Dawtry,
of Suffolk.

Margaret Isabel
m. Laurence m. Wm.
Parkinson,
Lancaster.

Robinson,
Alderman
of York.

I
Elinor

m. John

Tompson.

I I I
John

dau. and heir Christian

of VVm. Margaret

Matthew= Margaret

ytars old,

^4. knight-

IbyK.Jas. Grosvenor,

i his first of York.

ming into

Dgland.

John R. = Martha

of Fulford.

dau. of Robt.
Rouse, of
Bathome,

o and heir
>. 1642.

JOHN = ]ANE

dau. of Robert
Claphamson,
of York.

Jane mar.
John Robinson,
of Middlesbro',
CO. York.

I
John R.

set. 8, 1612.

„ I

Elizabeth
Martha

!
Robert Redman

son and heir, now

living, 1647.

1. Jane

2. Elizabeth

I I I

3. Francis

4. Margaret

5. Joanne

(Visitation of Yorks, Glover ^ Somerset Herald^ 1584-5 , etc).

2i6 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

London.

Among the more enterprising younger sons of the Red-
man family who adventured to London in search of
fortune, several, no doubt, hailed from this district of
Thornton-in-Lonsdale.

The visitation of London in 1568 (G. 10, 76 F i, 202,
College of Arms) discloses one of them in the William
Redman, Citizen, of the following pedigree : —

James Redman= Margaret

of Thornton,
CO. York.

d. of Cowen.

John Redman = Agnes

of Thornton.

d. of
Condar, of
Kirkby
Lonsdale.

I III

Richard William Edmund Mauld

mar.
Brian
Robinson.

William Redman =Isabell, d. of William Randall,

Git. of London, only son
living in 1568.

of Shrawley, co. Worcester.

I
James

aged 6, 1568.

Agnes
aged 10, 1568.

James, of Thornton, who heads this pedigree, was prob-
ably born circa 1480, and may have been a great grandson
of Thomas, the earliest ascertained member of this colony.
Another London Redman, probably also a Thornton
descendant, appears in the will of Richard, of Thornton
(1573), who directs payment of his debt to William Red-
man, of London ** Stone/'

A generation earlier, in 1540, John Redman, who was
probably a son of William, of Twisleton, and Margaret
Tunstall, and a nephew of Dr. Tunstall, Bishop of Lon-
don, was appointed Prebendary of Westminster ; and
eleven years later his body was laid to rest in the Abbey
there. In the Letters and Papers, Hen. VIIL, vol, xviii.,

OFF-SHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 217

pt. I, among certain property in the Strand granted to one
William Lambert, mention is made of ** another (tenement)
there between Wm. Cholmley's tenement in the East and
the gate of the Middle Temple, and tenement within it of
Alice, widow of Ric. Redmayn, on the West." (18 Mar.,
34 Hen. VIII.) The identity of this Richard, husband of
Alice, I am unable to discover.

There is, no doubt, an interesting field in London for
students of the history of this family to explore ; for it is
practically certain that for at least three and a half cen-
turies there has been an unbroken succession of Redmans
almost within sound of Bow Bells. One of them lies
buried in the churchyard of Stepney, under an altar-tomb,
of which Mr. J. T. Page in his "Stepney Churchyard : Its
Monuments and Inscriptions," gives the following descrip-
tion : —

An altar-tomb much suuk in the ground, and the upper slab
broken. Remains of inscriptions on slab, surrounded by crest and
coat-of-anns, but very little of it can now be described correctly.

Crest. A dexter hand, couped at the wrist,

apaum^e

A rms. Three cushions, impaling a chief

ermine

Inscription
In memory of John Redman

July 176 . .

Aged 75
(The rest quite defaced).

This John Redman of Stepney, Mr. Page tells me, was
quite an important man in his day and within his parish.
His name is still perpetuated in the district by the well-

2 F

2i8 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

known street called Redman's Road. John's crest brands
him as of Thornton origin ; and we shall not probably go
far wrong in identifying him as a descendant of the
William of the above pedigree, who was a citizen of Lon-
don town in the sixteenth centur}^

If I may be pardoned a single personal allusion, the
only one I shall presume to make in this book, I should
Hke to be allowed to place on record that my dear mother,
born Ellen Redmayne, whose memory has largely inspired
such work as I have been able to do on Redman histor\',
spent the closing years of her life in my home in a London
suburb, and lies buried in the churchyard of Heston. Of
her, as of Margaret Redmayne, of Thornton, it may truly
be said : — " She was a woman of generous disposition,
courteous to all and kind to the poor."

219

THE TUNSTALLS OF THURLAND CASTLE.

CHAPTER XX.

Arms — Sable, three combs, Argent.

THE alliances between the fcimilies of Redman and
Tunstall were so many and extended over so long a
period that no history of either family can be considered
at all complete without a special and detailed reference to
the other; and for this reason I can plead justification for
a brief sketch of the family of Thurland Castle, which
for nearly three and a half centuries flourished on the
border of Lancashire, within a short distance of their Red-
man neighbours in the district of Thornton-in-Lonsdale.

There were Tunstalls of note in north Lancashire, in
the days of the second Edward. Henry de Tunstall had
possessions in Lancaster in 1324 ; and his son. Sir Wil-
liam, in 1373 obtained a grant of free warren in Tunstal,
Cancefield, Burgh in Lonsdale, Leeke and Norton. (Rot.
chart. 47 Ed. HL, n. 14). It was William's son. Sir
Thomas, who appears to have built the castle of Thur-
land, in the valley of the Lune, which early in the fifteenth
centur}' he obtained a licence to embattle. Sir Thomas
was a right gallant knight, who with his six men-at-arms
and eighteen horse at his back gave a good account of
himself on the field of Agincourt. He married Isabel,
daughter of Sir Nicholas Harrington, a knightly neighbour

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TUN STALLS OF THURLAND CASTLE. 221

of ancient family, and by her was father of at least eight
children, all of whom made excellent alliances and
flourished exceedingly.

One daughter, Johanna, was won (circa 1416) by young
Sir Matthew Redman, of Harewood, and transmitted her
virtues down a long line of descendants; while her brothers
and sisters married into the families of Parr, Bellingham,
Radcliffe, Pennington and Fitz-hugh. Her eldest brother,
Thomas, the head of his house, found a wife in Eleanor,
daughter of Henry, third Lord Fitz Hugh, who, through
her mother, brought a strain of Marmion blood into Tun-
stall veins. The eldest son of this marriage, Sir Richard,
proved worthy of his Marmion and Tunstall ancestr}% It
was he who so bravely held the castle of Harlech — Henrj^
VI/s last stronghold — the defence of which is one of the
most inspiring stories in the histor}^ of warfare. But
Richard's loyalty and valour cost him dearly ; for when
Edward IV. came to the throne his name figured largely
among the one hundred and fifty-three Lancastrians who
were attainted by Parliament. His large estates were for-
feited and conferred on Sir James Harrington, who held
them for a dozen years until, in 1473, Richard came to his
own again. He was Chamberlain to the King he risked
so much to serve, was Ambassador to France, and filled
other high offices with distinction.

Sir Richard had a son, William, who died s.p. and was
succeeded by his uncle, Thomas, also a knight, who was
constable of Conway Castle, and sheriff of Carnarvon,
and who had for wife, Alice, daughter of George Nevill,
Archbishop of York, Edward III.'s great-great-grandson.
Thus through " time-honoured Lancaster," did a strain of
Plantagenet blood mingle with that of Tunstall and of
their Redman descendants.

222 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

The next generation of Tunstalls produced two men of
great repute in their day and of no little honour in our
own — one, a brave knight, Sir Brian Tunstall, " The
Undefiled," was one of the most splendid of all the figures
that adorned the age of chivalr}' ; and the other, a great
churchman, Dr. CuTHBiiRT Tunstall, was twice a
bishop, and friend of Henry VIII.

Sir Brian Tunstall.

The crown of Sir Brian's too brief life was the glorious
episode of T^lodden, which was also its close. Scott has
given his prowess in that battle the immortality it deser\-es,
and one cannot read his tribute without a thrill of pride
that England has produced such men, and that from one
of the purest and bravest knights who ever carried a lance
have sprung many members of the Redman family. Sir
Brian, with Sir Edward Howard, led the van of the Eng-
lish army which sustained the charge of the Scots'
advanced cohunn of 10,000 men under Lord Hume. So
terrible seemed the impending shock that the English
wavered and would probably have broken, had not Tun-
stall rallied them with brave words and flung himself
against the onrushing Scots.

Who, that has read them, does not recall the lines in
which Lord Surrey describes to Marmion the disposition
of the English forces : —

Tlie ^ood Lord Marmion, by my life

Welcome to danger's hour !
Short ;^rrotinj( serves in time of strife —

I hiis have I ranged my power:
Myself will rule this central host.

Stout Stanley fronts their ri^ht.
My sons connnand the vaward post,

With Brian Tnnstall, stainless knight.

TUNSTALLS OF THUKLAND CASTLE. 223

And again, as Blount and Fitz Eustace *' with Lady
Clare upon the hill," watched the *' battle raging on the
plain." —

Amid the tumult, high
They saw Lord Marmion's falcon fly ;
And stainless Tunstall's banner white,
And Edmund Howard's lion bright.
Still bear them bravely in the fight.

until, when disaster had overtaken the English army,
Marmion with his dying breath, bids his squire,

Fitz Eustace, to Lord Surrey hie ;
Tunstall lies dead upon the field,
His lifeblood stains the spotless shield.
Edmund is down, — my life is reft, —
The Admiral alone is left.

Never was braver heart stilled on any battlefield than that
of the young Lancashire knight ; and it was a fitting
tribute to his valour and spotless fame that his body
should have a military escort all the way from Flodden
Field to its last resting-place in Tunstall. There is still
to be seen in Tunstall church a stone figure which tradition
says is that of Sir Brian ; but, according to Mr. W. O.
Roper, F.S.A., it is more probably that of Brian's great-
grandfather. Sir Thomas, who built the castle of Thur-
land.

Sir Brian had married Isabel, daughter of Sir Henry
Boynton, of Acklarn and Barmston, by his wife Margaret,
daughter and C(^-heiress cf Sir Martin dc la See, and was
succeeded by his son, Sir Marmaduke, of whom later. In
his will, which was made on the i6th August, 1513,
shortly before his fatal journey to Flodden, he leaves a

2^4 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

small legacy to his brother-in-law, William Redman, of
Twisleton, whom he appoints one of his executors : —

Item to my Brother Redmayne for my syster niarryage XXIII*. ..
also that my wyff be myne executrix, my broder Wm. TunstalK
Wm. Redmayne and Edm. P'^Kynsone be myne exors.

Dr. Cuthbert Tunstall,
Bishop of Durham and London,

was brother of Sir Brian and son of Sir Thomas Tunstall
and Alice Nevill. At the time of his brother's death at
Flodden, Cuthbert was thirty-nine and well on the way
to t^^e high dignities he won later. He was educated at
Oxford, Cambridge, and Padua, and became in turn
rector of Stanhope, archdeacon of Chester, rector of
Harrow, Master of the Rolls, dean of Salisbury (1519),
Bishop of London (1522) and of Durham (1530). He was
sent on several important diplomatic missions — in com-
pany with Sir Thomas More, to Charles V. at Brussels,
where his long and close friendship with Erasmus began ;
to France and Germany ; and he accompanied Wolsey,
with whom he was on terms of great intimacy, on his
splendid embassy to France. He also acted as guide and
companion to Henry VHL on one of his royal progresses
through England.

Under Edward VL, chiefly through the influence of
Northumberland, he was deprived of his rich see of Dur-
ham and was sent to the Tower, where he remained in
durance until Mary came to her throne and restored him
to his liberty and dignities. It is remembered to his last-
ing honour that during the whole of Mary's reign not a
single victim died for heresy throughout his diocese. On
Elizabeth's accession he was again deprived, and died six

TUNSTALLS OF THURLAND CASTLE. 225

weeks later in Archbishop Parker's house at Lambeth
(1559). It should, perhaps, be stated here that there has
always been great difference of opinion as to Cuthbert*s
legitimacy. Surtees thought he was legitimate ; but the
National Dictionary of Biography gives him the bar
sinister.

Margaret Tunstall, sister of Brian and Cuthbert, be-
came the wife of William Redmayne, of Twisleton ; and
her son, John, probably owed much of his advancement
in life to his uncle's influence and counsel.

Sir Brian's son and successor in the family estates,
Sir Marmaduke, married Alice, daughter and co-heiress
of Sir Robert Scargill, of Scargill and Thorpe Stapleton,
He took a prominent part in the suppression of the
monasteries ; and his name appears on the deed of
surrender of Furness Abbey> He narrowly escaped the
the fury of the Pilgrimage of Grace rebels, who surrounded
Thurland Castle and would have burned it, had not
**some more sobre than the residew refreyned them."

Sir Marmaduke had a son, Francis, who succeeded
him, and who had for his first wife Elizabeth, daughter of
Sir William Radcliffe, a Lancashire kuight, and for his
second, Ann, daughter of Richard Bold, of Bold; and
three daughters —

(i) Isabel, who married William Redman, of Ireby.

(2) Elizabeth, wife of Sir John Dawnay, of Sessay, co.

York, from whom the Viscounts Downe derive
descent, and

(3) Ann, who married George Middleton, Esq., of

Leighton, co. Lane. (St. George's visitation).
As we have already seen (p. 192) Lady Tunstall, by
her will, left small legacies to all her Redman grand-
children, ** gotten of the body of my daughter, Isabel]."

2 G

226 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

With later generations of the Tunstalls we have less
concern. There was, however, one other alliance with
the Redman family of which mention should be made —
that of Giles Redmayne, of Ingleton, with Agnes Grace,
daughter of Thomas Tunstall, of Thornton, from which
union the Redmaynes of Newcastle are descended.

Thurland Castle,

Which was the home of so many generations of Tunstalls
and to which at least three Redmans went to woo their
wives, stands in its extensive park, near the banks of the
Lune, about a dozen miles from Lancaster, and but a
short walk from the borders of Yorkshire. When it was
being built Levens was probably a century old, and Sir
Richard Redman was already established at Harewood
Castle ; but in its five centuries of existence it has sur-
vived many strange experiences.

During the Civil War, when it had passed out of Tun-
stall hands, it sustained two sieges by the Roundheads —
first under Colonel Ashton, and again under Colonel
Rigby.

From Manchester, in Lancashire, they wrote that Coloael Ashton
hath taken two castles in the north part of that county, the name of
one being Hornby Castle and the other Thurland Castle, where he
hath taken Sir John Girlington, a strong malevolent in those parts,
and also much money and plate, with many disaffected ladies and
gentlewomen who were fled for shelter into those castles." (Certaine
Information, No. 23, p. 181, 1643, Wednesday, June 21).

A month after its surrender Sir John Girlington w^s
back in the castle, and once more the Parliamentary
troops, — this time under Colonel Alexander Rigby, pre-
sented themselves before its walls. The second siege

TUNSTALLS OF THURLAND CASTLE. 227

lasted seven weeks, at the end of which time the castle
was delivered to Rigby to be demolished ; while its
defenders were allowed to " passe away with their lives
and goods.'* A great part of it was destroyed by fire ;
but fortunately the principal towers were allowed to
remain untouched.

More than two centuries after Cromwell's men had
worked their will on the castle it was nearly destroyed
by fire. The centre tower, containing the entrance
hall, was gutted, and a large part of the eastern portion
was destroyed.

Of the castle Mr. Roper (Local Gleanings) says : — ■

It is surrounded by a moat of about six or eight feet, supplied by
the river Cant. The sole entrance is on the west side by means of
a narrow bridge, immediately across which are the remains of the
old Gatehouse, and a little behind them the ruins of an ancient
tower. The present castle forms two sides of an oblong, the eastern
and a portion of the south side belonging to the ancient building.
The western wing has never been completed. The whole castle
was restored early in the present century, and it is now somewhat
difficult to distiguish the modern additions from the ancient work.
The walls of the older part are in very many places more than six
feet in thickness.

The Tunstall tenure of Thurland Castle, which lasted
nearly two and a half centuries, ceased in 1637, when the
castle passed into the hands of the Girlington family,
who again alienated it towards the close of the same
century to the Welsh family of Leek.

228

UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS.

CHAPTER XXL

TN exploring family records which cover so many
-^ centuries it is inevitable that one should encounter
many names to which a definite place on the family tree
cannot bo assigned, or which, even if their identity is
recognised, do not come into the direct current of the
family story. These names, however, are too interesting
in many cases to pass by in silence, and I therefore pro-
pose to review the more prominent of them in this chapter.
They are given in alphabetical and not in chronological
order.

In 1331 Adam de Redman acknowledges that he owes
to Robert de Sandford five marks to be levied in default
on his chattels and lands in Co. Westmorland (Close
Rolls, Ed. III.) ; and in 13 Ed. III. I also find an Adam
de Redeman, holding lands in Raventhwaite, Co. West-
morland. He was probably Adam, of Yealand, a younger
son of Sir Matthew (11), of Levens, who survived to 1351.

Alan Redeinanc, of Whaplode, is mentioned in the
Patent Rolls, 1385-9. In the list of Mayors of Kendal
the name of (^hkistophkr Redman appears several
times, — as Mayor in 1679-80; 1695-6; and in 1749-50,
1 760- 1 and 1 76 1 -J (Nicholson's .-1 nnals of Kendal). There
was also a Christopher Redman, whose daughter and
heiress Lydia became the wife of James Flavel, of Norman-

imiDKNTIFTED REDMANS. 229

ton (d. 1714). The "Redman Flavel, of Normanton, who
married Ann, daughter of Richard Wordsworth .(d. 1700)
was probably a son of James and Lydia. Ann was great
aunt to William Wordsworth, the poet. (Speight's
Kirkby Overblow, p, 128), In 11 Richard II. ^,1317.-8) there
was a grant by William Robinson del Chaumbre de
Hencastre to Edward de Redmane, of lands at Hincaster
(Hist. MSS. Comn). Rep. 10, pt. 4, Levens Hall Papers) ;
and in 1543 Edward Redmayne, LL.B., has a grant of
5th canonry in St. Stephen's Chapel, beside Westminster
Palace, having been presented by Thomas Deye, draper,
and John Deye, pewterer, of London, by virtue of an
advowson granted them by William, Bishop of Norwich.
Geoffrey Redman appears in 1335 — " Rex cepit fideli-
tatem Galfridi, fil. Will Redeman, consanguinei Willi
Berchand, &c. (Abb. Rot. Orig, vol. ii., p. 96.)

On 20th January, 1456-7, a mandate issued to " Mr^
Giles Redman, bachelor of decrees,** rector of Beiitham,
to induct Dom. Oliver Bland to the rectory of Claughton.
And Giles Redman figures among the Mayors of Kendal,
alternately with Christopher (above), in 1649-50, 1690-1,
and 1725-6 (Nicholson's Annals oj Kendal). In the State
Papers for 1692, February 4th, there is a note of a warrant
to prepare a bill for the charter incorporating the
Company of Pearl Fishers in the rivers Irt and End, and
other waters in co. Cumberland. Heads of charter,
Thomas Patrickson, gent., to be first governor. In the
list of first assistants the names of Giles and Hugh appear.

Among the nobles on the roll of ** Humfrey " de Bohun,
Earl of Essex and Constable of England, cont .ining offers
of service made at the muster of Carlisle in 1300, for the
army against Scotland, is John, Lord Greystoke, who
offered services due from two and a half knights' fees by

230 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Henry Redman and four others, with five horses fully
equipped. And in a cartulary of Cockersand Abbey
(circa 1300) among the benefactors are Henry, son of
Henry de Redman, and Henry, son of Norman de
Redman. The lands given to the Abbey were in Frebank,
Newbiggin, Hotone, Lupton, Yeland, &c. A Henry also
appears in the Close Rolls, loth August, 1328, as one of
the sureties for Thurstan de Northlegh.

James de Redman was a juror on the inquisition,
taken after the death of Philippa, wife of Robert de Veer,
Duke of Ireland, 13 Hen. IV. (1412). (Rawl. MS. B.
438, fo. 70b).

In the Ormonde Papers, 5th report. Catholic Chapter
of London, is a letter written on 24th November, 1609,
by John Redman to Dr. Smith ; and another John, in
1485, received a grant for life of an annuity of jf 10 from
the issues of the King's Lordship of Middleham (Pat.
Rolls). William, Abbot of York (Wm. Thornton, Abbot
of St. Mary's Abbey), writing to Cromwell on ist July,
1533, says : — " I have sent you the lease to Thomas
Whalley and John Redman, of the Parsonage of Rud-
stone" (Letters and Papers F & D — vol. vi., p. 746) ; and in
the following year (1534) the Abbot sends a letter to Crom-
well by John Redman, ** who has a little tithe in Kendal
granted him by my- predecessors '* (Letters and Papers,
&c., vol. viii.). In the 17th century there was a Dr. John
Redman, of Cains College, Cambridge, who was born in
1625. He was a probationer of Merchant Tailors' School,
and may havi; been a grandson of James Redman, of
Thornton, who settled in London. A John Redman (of
Anstwick) also appears in a Roll dated ist May, 1641
(now at Browsholine Hall), of those who took the oath of
protestation.

UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS. 231

Maud Redman was the second wife of Thomas Leigh,
of Iseli, CO. Cumberland, who gave her the manor of Isell.
After her husband's death she married Wilfred Lawson,

And as frankly conveyed over the inheritance to him as she had
received it of Leigh, which Wilfred (afterwards Sir Wilfred) having
no issue by the said Maud, his wife, settled his estate upon William
Lawson, a kinsman of his own, to the great disgust of Mary Irton
(heir general of Maud Reclmain) who had long time before continued
in hopes that he would have settled it upon her ; but being dis-
appointed so that she attempted to recover it by law against William,
pretending that Maud Redmain had not made a legal conveyance to
Sir Wilfred, and that what she did was the effect of horrible
threatenings and violence. But the suit was at last ended by com-
position, William Lawson giving her for her title the tithes of
Blencrake, and the demesne of Threlkeld, worth together about
;f200 per annum.

(Denton's Cumberland and Nicolson & Burn, vol. ii.,

P- 95)-

Marmaduke Redmain figures in the Lansdowne MSS.

(British Museum) : —

The case of Marmaduke Redmain, Esq.. in the House of Lords,
concerning the privilege of Parliament.

NoRMANNUS le Redeman is appointed, 14th July, i Ed.
III. (1327), arrayer in the wapentake ot Lonsdale, with
orders to array all men capable of bearing arms and by
forced marches to join the King, then at Carlisle — " Quod
omnes homines potentes ad pugnandum in comitatu
Lancastriae armentur, et diu, noctuque (sic) iter properent
ad Regem Edwardum'' (Rot. Scot. L 218). This Norman
had two sons, Matthew and William, both of whom were
living in 1357, when they were concerned with John and
Robert de Roos in the abduction of the Warton heir.

232 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Ralph de Redmaine appears as witness to a grant
(circa 1260) by Anice, daughter of Roland deThornburgh.

Robert Redmayne, LL.D., was archdeacon of Nor-
wich early in the seventeenth century. He is n*entioned
in the Hist. MSS. Com. 7th report, Appendix, p. 438 : —
*' 1618, April 13th, before the Venerable Robert Red-
mayne, LL.D. for the Commissary of George, archbishop
of Canterbury', visiting the diocese of Norwich, the see
then being vacant.'' And in the gth report he occurs, in
1594, as "Archdeacon " Redman. He was probably the
Dr. Robert Redman, who was author of a life of Henry V.
(Rolls Publications). Sir Robert Redman, escheator, is
mentioned in the Ycrks. Arch. Journal, vol. xvi., p. 163 n.

In 1484 there was a grant to the King's servant,
Richard Redemayne, gentleman, of an annuity of 20
marks out of the King's Lordship of Carnonton (?)
Cornwall, (Pat. Rolls Ric. HI). We find Richard and
William Redman under the Hundred of Lonsdale in the
muster list of soldiers in the county of Lancaster in 1574
(Had. MSS., Cod. 1926, ff. 5-i9a, and Baines' History of
Lancashire, p. 173). Richard is responsible for having in
readiness for Her Majesty's service, one plate coat, one
long bow, one sheaf of arrows, one steel cap or skull, one
calliver, and one morion ; while William's contribution
is precisely the same.

In 1598 a Richard Redman was living at Kearby, near
Leeds, and figures in the followmg barbarous story re-
corded by Mr. Speight in his Kirkby Overblow and District^
(pp. 127-8) :—

III 1598 one Elizabeth Armistead, formerly of Kearby, was charged
with stealing certain sheets from the house of Christopher Favell, of
Kearby, and likewise the same woman did feloniously take certain
articles from the house of Richard Redman, at the same place. For

UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS. 233

these larcenies the poor woman was ordered to be delivered to the
Constable of Kearby and " soundlie whipped throwe the said towne
of Kearby," and by him next to be delivered to the Constable of
Kirkby Overblow, and he was to see to like execution within his
town. She was then to be handed over to the Constable of Wether-
by and publicly exhibited with her stripe-marks in the market-place ;
and finally to be again whipped with the cat through the town in
manner similar to the foregoing.

Richard Redman, J. P. for the West Riding of York-
shire, died in 1715. He was the father of Lydia Redman,
who, as we have seen, married James Favell, of Nor-
manton.

There is one Redman, knight of the shire, whose place
on the family-tree I have hitherto been unable to discover.
In 1313 ** Simon de Redman, knight of the shire, re-
turned for Westmorland, obtains his writ de expensis for
attendance at the Parliament at Westminster, from the
third Sunday in Lent, i8th March, to Saturday next before
Palm Sunday, 7th April ; and from Sunday in three
weeks of Easter, 6th May, to the Wednesday following,
9th May — writ tested at Windsor, loth May, 6 Ed. II."
(Close Roll, 6 Ed. II. m. 5^).

In 1336 there was an assignment out of the vicarage
of Kirkby Stephen to Thomas, son of Thomas Redman,
with the consent of the Abbot of St. Mary, York, the
patron, and of the Bishop of Carlisle as Ordinary (His.
MSS. Com. 9th report. See of Carlisle Papers). A
Thomas de Redman was appointed custodian, in 1350, of
the lands in '* Hoten roef " (Westmorland) which be-
longed to John of Hoten roef, during the minority of the
heir, paying 20 marks for his custody and marriage.
(Abb. Rot. Orig., vol. ii., p. 212).

In 1376 Thomas de Redman was one of the jurors on

2 H

234 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

the inquisition p.m. on Joan de Coupland, taken at
Kirkby Kendal on Saturday next after the feast of Corpus
Christi, 49 Ed. III. He held of Joan divers tenements
in Kirkslack, by homage and fealty, and the service of
3s. and 4d. yearly, as of her manor. (Dods. MS. 159,
fol. 195^). It was, by the way, of the same Joan ae
Coupland, wife of John de Coupland to whom King
Edward granted the De Coucy estates in Westmorland
for his military services, that the Manors of Levens and
Lupton were held. {Duchetiana, p. 212).

In 1387-8 I find two demises by Thomas Redman,
arch-priest of the chantry of the Holy Trinity, of Yeovil.
I*^ 1539 another Thomas was among the gentlemen
appointed to assist the Deputy Warden of Carlisle. In
1344 we find a commission of Oyer, &c., on information
that Thomas Redman, Roger Redman, William Redman,
and others had entered the free chase at Bambrigg, in
Wensleydale, in the hands of Queen Philippa, &c. (Pat.
Rolls, 18 Ed. III.) Ten years later, Thomas de Redman
is a juror on the inquisition on Thomas Sturnell (Dods.
MS. 70, fo. 148*') ; and in 1561 we meet a Thomas who
was ** late Chaplain to the Bishop of Ely " (Calendar to
State Papers). He was also master of Jesus College,
Cambridge, and was probably a younger son of William
Redman, of Twistlcton, and Margaret Tunstall. At some
date unknown the assize enquired if Thomas, son of
Norman de Redmane, with others named in the neigh-
bourhood of Isell, had unjustly disseised the monks of
Holmcultram of a tenement in Blencraik (Harleian MS.
3891, f. 104''). This would probably be the Thomas who
was next heir to Alan do Camberton.

Walter Redman appears early in the sixteenth
century, as chaplain and one of the executors of Roger

UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS. 235

Leyburn, Bishop of Carlisle (Will, 17th July, 1307. Reg.
Test, vi., 58*).

**... Walterum Redman, veritatis professorem ac magis-
trum ecclesiae collegiatae de Graistoke — capellanos meos."

On September 21st, of the same year, the chapter of
York empower Mr. Walter Redman S.T.P., provost of
Graystock and others to collect the Bishop's goods.

In Bishop Nicolson's Miscellany Accounts of the Diocese
of Carlisle (extra series, Cumb. and West A. & A.
Society, 1877), on p. 130, is quoted an inscription at
Greystoke naming Walter Readman, 1509. A Walter
Redman, of Fulston, is mentioned in connection with the
Lincolnshire rebellion (Letters and Papers, Hen. VIIL,
F. & D. vol. xi).

In the list of Recognizances (1518) occurs William
Redmayn, for ward of Thomas Whityngton's daughter
(Letters and Papers, &c., vol. ii.).

On the 13th March, 1536, the Letters and Papers (vol.
X.) disclose a commission to Sir Thomas Tempest, William
Redman and others to make inquisition on certain lands
in Northumberland ; and a William Redman was witness
to the will, in 1558, of Thomas Stanley, 2nd Lord Mont-
eagle (Wills of Archdeaconry of Richmondshire, Surtees
Society, ed. Canon Raine).

Among the Duke of Manchester's MSS. (Hist. MSS.
Com. Rep. 8) is a petition to promote Captain Redman
to be major of the regiment of horse in garrison at North-
hampton, vice Major Lytcott promoted to be Colonel.

This is a typical, but very far from exhaustive list of
Redmans whose names I have come across but whose
identity it remains to discover. In many cases where
several Redmans of the same christian name were living
at the same time exact identification is almost impossible.

236

REDMAN ARMS.

CHAPTER XXII.

rpHE origin of the Redman Arms still remains a tan-
J- talizing mystery. To Guillim, it is true, it presented
no difficulties whatever, for he gives an exact description
of the romantic circumstances which suggested to some
remote Redman the cushion or pillow as an appropriate
device with which to decorate the family shield.

This nebulous, though valorous, ancestor ** being chal-
lenged to combat by a stranger, and time and place
appointed as usual, was so intent on the performance
that, coming very early to the place, and his adversarj'
not arrived, he fell asleep in his tent ; at last, the hour
being come, the noise of the trumpets sounded to the
battle, whereupon waking suddenly he ran furiously upon
his antagonist and slew him."

This pleasing fiction might have been more appro-
priately woven, one would think, for the three pillows of
Wunhale, which, according to Mr. Oswald Barron, hint
at some ancient English word for a pillow, allied to
wonnc, a pleasure, and hah, the neck ; but, however re-
luctantly, we must dismiss it as a satisfactory explanation
of the Redman cushions.

Camden, in the essay on '' Surnames'' in his "Remains
concerning Britain,*' says, ** And so the three pillows
Erinin, of Redman of Northumberland, is the coat of

REDMAN ARMS, 237

Ran. de Greystock.** It is true that the first Recjman
who was prominently identified with Northumberland, the
fourth Sir Matthew, married Joan, widow of William,
fourth Baron de Greystock ; but this connection is a very
slender peg on which to hang the explanation of arms
which Redman knights had borne more than two centuries
before Matthew went to woo the Greystock widow.

And yet Camden's conjecture finds some support from
no less an authority on feudal hereldry than Mr. Barron,
who says, '* There must be some connection, feudal or in
blood, between Greystock and Redmayne. Greystock's
cushions, however, are generally drawn square fashion.

Some plausibility is lent to this suggestion by the fact
that the earliest-known bearer of the Redman cushiony
was the first Matthew, whose wife, Amabel, was not im^
probably a Greystock ; and it is conceivable that he might
have adopted the arms of his wife's family.

The question is discussed at length in the Northern
Genealogist (vol. v., p. 53) from which I quote.

In the Northern Genealogist, vol. iv., p. 106, it is
suggested that the three cushions of the Redmayne Arms
were probably derived from the three cushions in the
Arms of the Greystocks. This theory was put forth by
Mr. Greenwood on my suggestion, and my authority for
assigning the " three cushions " to Greystock was Pap-
worth's British Armorial. In that work it is stated that
the arms of Greystock, baron of Greystock, are three
cushions, and the authorities given are " Glover's Ordin-
ary " and the " Jenyns Roll" (Harl. MS. 6589), and
reference is made to the monument of John de Greystock,
in Greystock church. It is, however, also true that this
work further assigns Gules, three lozenges argent, as the
arms of Greystock, again giving as reference the ** Jenyns

238 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Roll." It further, on the authority of a Roll, A.D. 1299,
gives Argent, three lozenges gules, as the arms of John,
baron of Greystock.

By the kindness of Mr. Joseph Foster, I am able to re-
produce from his interesting work, Feudal Arms^ two
contemporary representations of the ancient arms of
Greystock, which show that they should be described as
three lozenges, not three cushions.

The first represents an incised monumental slab in
Greystock church with the inscription johes qodam baro
DE GRAYSTOK. The second word of the inscription I
take to mean quondam, and I presume that the tomb is
that of John de Greystock, who died in 1305-6. It cer-
tainly appears to me that the oblong rectangle in which
each of the three lozenges on the shield is framed, repre-
sents the carver's somewhat primitive substitute for carving
in relief, but I can imagine that Papworth may have been
misled by some such drawing, to suppose that the charges
on the shield were intended to represent cushions. In
any case, however, the second engraving which represents
a seal, clearly exhibits three lozenges. J mistrust a little
the accuracy of the engraving, but as far as I can judge,
the seal would belong to the end of the thirteenth cen-
tury, and was therefore the seal of the original John de
Greystock.

There was another John de Greystock of the second
family, who died in 1436, and was buried at Greystock,
but this family seems to have borne for arms Barry, three
chaplets vert.

It is clear that neither of the Greystock families bore
the "three cushions'' ; and, therefore, the suggestion that
the Redmans derived those charges from the Greystocks
must be abandoned. — W.F.C.

REDMAN ARMS. 239

The whole matter is probably accurately summed up in
this expression of opinion by Colonel Parker : — " I do not
for a moment think that the Redman cushions owe their
origin to any other family. The Greystocks did not bear
cushions. The Redman arms are distinct from all their
contemporaries, and appear in tho most ancient Roll of
Arms, and that is quite sufficient evidence of their origin-
ality. The Greystock family was not a whit more
honourable ; and at the date of their connection with the
Redmans bore three chaplets for arms."

The Redman arms appear thus in Glover's Roll (1243-6)
which blazons two hundred and eighteen coats-of-arms: —

Maheu de Redman, — de gouUs, trois horeillers (cushions) d'or.

And thus, whatever may have been their origin, they
have now been borne for at least six hundred and sixty
years, and are entitled to rank with the very oldest coats
in England. The three cushions, it is interesting to note,
have been or are borne by the following families : —

The Earls of Moray — arg, three pillows^ gules ;

Bruce of Annandale — arg. a saltire sable, on a chief gu,
three cushions or ;

Dunbar — or, three cushions within the royal tressure, gules;

Brisbane, Kirkpatrick, and Hutton.

I have already noticed a large number of cases in
which the Redman arms appear, either alone or with
those of allied families, from the shields ** graven in
stone '* in Harewood Castle to the stained-glass coat in
Thornton church, and from the shield in the Speaker's
house at Westminster to the embroidery on a Levens
Hall cushion. They were also to be seen quartered with
Greystock, barry of six, argent and azure, three chaplets
gules, in Mr. Aske's house at Aughton (visit. Ebor. 1584) ;

240 REDMANS OF LEVENS AMD HAREWOOD.

among the arms found by Mr. Machell at Under Levens
Hall (a seat of the Prestons) were Preston, impaling
Redman (Nicolson & Burn, p. 209) ; Redman of Ireby
quartered Bellingham — three bugles sable, garnislud and
furnished, or ; and Redman of Gressingham and Fulford
quartered Southworth, when Edward of Gressingham
married an heiress of that knightly family.

In Dodsworth's time (1606) " In a southe windowe " of
the church of Kirkby Lonsdale, were to be seen the arms
of Redman — gules, three cushiom ermine (Dods. MS. 49,
fo. 30) ; and the cushions make a brave appearance in
the far-famed east window of St. Martin's Church, Win-
dermere. Among the twenty-one coats-of-arms in this
window, which include those of Urswick, Harrington, Ley-
bourne, Huddleston or Flemings of Rydal, Middleton,\Vm.
Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, Thweng, &c., are these : —

(16) gules, three cushions ermine, tasseled or — a ** heart "
(or pomme) in the centre for difference.

In the sixth light : —

(17) The arms as above, but without the " heurt."
The date of the arms, which were probably removed

from the church of Cartmel, is about 1340. (For a de-
tailed description of this most interesting window, see
Chancellor Ferguson's Bowness and its Old Glass ; Bel-
lasis' Westmorland Church Notes ; and Clowes's Description
of the great window of St. Martinis Church, Windermere.)

The following Redman coats are also recorded by
Bellasis in his Westmorland Church Notes, vol. i. : —

p. 22. St. Lawrence, Appleby.

Redman and Musgrave.

(North aisle window), Anns, (i) gu. 3 cushiom, erm., tasseled or,
(Redman) ; (2) az. 6 annulets, J, 2, and /, or (Musgrave). (Dugdale
1664, College of Arms, and Hill MSS, i., 161, citing Machell).

REDMAN ARMS. 241

p. 167. Burton-in-Kendal.

Preston and Redman.

(Arms in Burton Church, as tricked in Hill MSS. ii., 305) Ar, 3
bars gu, on a canton quatrefoil or (Preston, of Preston Patrick) ; ditto
impaling ^m, 3 cushions (Redman).

The arms of Redman appear with those of Ryther in
the east window of the south aisle of Ryther church
(Speight's Lower Wharfedalcy p. 79) ; and they may be
seen with the Aldeburgh arms on a tomb in the church
of St. Denis, York, to the memory of ** Dorothea, uxor
Roberti Hughes, quondam de Uxbridge, Co. Middlesex,
armiger, filia Johannis Redman, quae ab antiqua ilia Red-
mannorum familia de Turre Harwood traxit originem. . . "

Among fifteenth century arms " Rycharde Redmayne^
of Yorke chyre " bore guleSj three pillows of silver , with their
tassels, (Ancestor, vol. iv., p. 245). William Redman,
Bishop of Norwich, had a grant of arms in 1595 — Gules, a
crown arg. between four cushions, ermine, tasseled or. His
coat, however, as displayed on a monument against the
south-east wall of Great Shelford church, Cambridgeshire,
seems to have been Gules, a cross sable, between four
cushions sable, tasseled or. (Gentleman's Magazine, 1799,
pt. i., p. 186). Another variant of the paternal coat is
the following, from the Harleian MSS., 1396, Vis. Ebor
1584 — Gules, on a fess arg. between three cushions, ermifie,
tass. or, three fleurs-de-lys of the field.

Of the Redman shields in Harewood church and castle
two bore the label, the cadency mark for the eldest son ;
and a third bore a chevron. The Redmans of Thornton
differenced with a fieur de lys, the cadency symbol for the
sixth son ; Redman, of Twisleton, with a mullet, for the
third son ; and the shield of the Redmans of Ireby,
Gressingham and Fulford (Vis. Ebor, 1585) bore a

2 I

242 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

chevron. The Fulford Redmans, however, are given the
undifferenced arms in 1680 (Add. MSS. 26, 684).

Crest. Redmans of Harewood bore, out of a ducal
coronet or, a nag's head, arg, Thornton — a dexter handy
conped at the wrist, gules. This crest seems to have been
peculiar to the Thornton branch. Fulford — on a cushion
gules, tasseled or, a nag's head conped arg. Bishop Redman
of Norwich — out of a mural coronet, or, a nag's head arg.
maned gules; and another Redman crest mentioned in the
Harleian MSS. is, on a cushion gules, tasseled or, an open
book arg., inscribed ** odor vitae.'*

We have now reviewed, however cursorily, twenty
generations of this ancient family. We have followed
them down the long course of history from days that
were almost within living memory of the Conqueror to
the civilized haven of the seventeenth century. We have
watched them, from the day when their Norman progeni-
tor gained for them the first family foothold in the north
of England, add lands to lands, and wax richer and more
powerful as the centuries passed ; mingling their blood
with that of great families, and sending out their sons to
found branches little less flourishing than the parent
stem. We have seen them defying a tyrannous King and
helping to wrest from him the great charter of our liber-
ties; dealing lusty blows at Scots and French alike, doing
sentinel duty on the marches, governing border strong-
holds, parleying with John of Gaunt at the gate of Ber-
wick, chasing Piers Gaveston to the executioner's block,
and bearing arms against their own flesh and blood in the
war between King and Parliament.

REDMAN ARMS. 243

We have accompanied them with their flag of truce on
missions of peace, when proclaiming treaties, and travel-
ling as envoys to foreign courts. We have watched
them, generation after generation, ride to distant West-
minster to help in the fashioning of their country's laws,
and have seen one of their number controlling the counsels
of the Commons. They have worn the mitre before us as
bishops of four dioceses, have done sherifTs work in as
many counties, have owned a score of manors, and counted
their acres in many thousands.

For nearly six centuries they have held their heads high
before us among the great families of the north ; and one
by one we have seen the carefully-reared edifices of their
fortunes tumble down and their broad acres pass into the
hands of strangers. However far the pendulum may
swing, it must inevitably return ; and with subjects as
with Kings the day of great things must sooner or later
be merged in night. The wonder is that the Redmans
held their own so long, rather than that the hour of their
eclipse ever came. They saw many a family rise to power
and prosperity as great as theirs, only to sink before them
into obscurity ; and they might well have thought that
their own day of reckoning would never dawn.

We have seen how and when it came ; and we need
not pursue their history farther. Although the blood
of the old Redman knights flows in the veins of many of
our greatest nobles of to-day, the bearers of the name no
longer fill high places. Many of them, however, are pros-
pering greatly ; and it may well be that at no far future
" when this darkness is overpast," the sun of the family
fortunes may shine again as bravely as ever it did in the
days of chivalry.

245

APPENDIX.

WILL OF SIR MATTHEW, III. (p. 56).

In nomine Dei, amen. Ego Mathius de Redmane de Kendall
miles condo testamentum meum in hunc modiim. Imprimis do et
lego animam meam Deo et beate Marie et omnibus Sanctis et corpus
ad sepeliendum in ecclesia beati Peter de Heversham et melius
meum animal nomine mortuarii mei ibidem. Item do et lego omnia
bona mea mobilia et immobilia videlicet equos boves vaccas et
omnimodo alia averia mea ac eciam oves multones hog gastros
(lambs after the first year) meos masculos et femellas ac eciam
omnia blada mea cujus cunque generis fuerint una cum omnibus et
onmimodis utensilibus domus mee ubicunque fuerint inventa Mar-
garete uxori mee ita quod ipsa post mortem meam libere ad libitum
suum disponat et ordinet de eisdem pro anima mea prout melius
viderit expedire. Ad istud testamentum fideliter exequendum
Christopherum de Moriceby et Hugonem de Moriceby constituo
executores meos.

(Probate not dated, but sometime in April, 1360. Proved before
Adam de Salkeld, of Carlisle. Tcsiamenta Karleoletisia, edited by
Chancellor Ferguson).

Reg. vol. ii., fol. 66. Trans,, vol. ill., p. 90.

WILL OF MATTHEW DE REDMAN, OF CARLISLE.

(p. 56).
In Dei nomine. Amen. Ego Mattheus de Redmane die Mercurii
in festo animarum (Wednesday in All Souls — November 2, 1356)
condo testamentum in hunc modum. In primis do et lego animam
meam deo et beate Marie virgin! et omnibus Sanctis et corpus meum
ad sepeliendum in cimiterio pracdicatorum Karleoli cum meliori
averio meo ad ecclesiam meam parochialem nomine mortuarii.

246 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Item do et lego fratribus predicatoribus Karleoli xxs. et fratribas
minoribus ibidem, xxs. Item do et lego fratri Roberto Dejmoourt
vis. viiid. Item do et lego Symoni clerico vis. viiid. Item lego in
cera ad comburendum circa corpus meiim unam petram cere. Item
in convocationem vicinorum die sepulture mee xxs. Item do et lego
Emmoti uxori mei illud Burgagium meum in vico picatonim Karl.
Item do et lego dicte Emmoti uxori mee xxix marcas sterlingorum
quos dominus WilPus de Graystok michi tenetur pro uno equo et
aliis animalibus de me emptis. Item do et lego residuum omnium
bonorum meorum Emmote uxori mee ut ipsa solvat debita mea si
qui (sic) sunt et ad istud testamentum exequendum ordino, facio et
constituo meos executores, viz. Gilbert de Hoythwait et Emmotem
uxorem meam.

Dat. apud Karl, dicto die Mercurii, anno Ivi. (Probate in com-
mon form. Gilbert renounced).

Reg. vol. ii., fo. 28.

SIR MATTHEW, IV. (pp. 59-61).

Appointed Governor of Roxburgh.

Rex omnibus ad quos, &c., salutem. Sciatis quod cum dilectus et
fidelis noster Matheus de Redmane per certam indenturam inter
nos et ipsum confectam, penes nos sit retentus custos castri nostri
de Rokesburgh a primo die Mail prox' futur' per unum ann* prox'
sequentem etc. (Dated 6 March, 4 Ric. ii., A.D. 1380-1).

Exchequer; Queen*s Remembrancer Miscellanea; 5 Ric. 11

Ministers' Account, (i May, 1381).

Particule compoti Mathei de Redman, militis, nuper custodis
castri Reg', de Rokesburgh, virtute indenturae inter Regem et ipsum
Matheuni inde fact', videlicit, de receptis et vadiis suis xxx hominam
ad arnia et i sagittar' equitum, bene et competenter pro guerra,
prout ad statum suum pertinet, arraiatoruin, de retinentia sua secam
comnioranciuin et existentiuin in eodem castro, super salva ciistodia
ejusdem, videlicit, a prime die Maii, anno Regni Regis Ricardi
secundi post conquestum quarto, quo die idem Matheus, custodiam
ejusdem castri de comit' Northumbr' per indenturam recepit, tisqae

APPENDIX. 247

Festum Purificationis Beatae Mariae prox. sequent., anno quinto,
quo die idem Matheus custodiam ejusdem castri Thomae Blekansop
(Blenkinsop) per indenturain liberavit.

Appointed Sheriff of the county of Roxburgh (i May, 1381).

Rex omnibus ad quos etc salutem. Sciatis quod nos commisimus
eidem Matheo custodiam vicecomitatus praedicti, et mandatuin est
archiep'is, epis\ abbatibus, prioribus etc. baronibus, militibus et
omnibus aliis fidelibus suis de com' de Rokesburgh, quod eidem
Matheo, tanquam vie' nostro com' predicti, in omnibus que ad
officium vicecomitatus pr'd'ti pertinent, intendentes sint et respon-
dentes. In cuj'etc T.R. apud Westm' vi die Martii. P' consilium.

Commissioned to Treat with the Scots, (20 Mar., 1386).

Le Roy a toutz ceux etc. Confianz au plein de les loialte, seens,
avisement, et discretions de les hon'ables piers en Dieu, Wauter,
I'evesq' de Bath et Welles et Thomas, evesq' de Kardoille, et nos
tres chiers et foialx Henr' de Percy, count de Northumbr' Johan,
sire de Nevill, Philip Darcy, Meistre Esmon Stafford, dean de
I'eglise cathedrale d' E'vwyk (York), Matheu de Redemane, chivaler
etc. Don' par tesmoignance de n're gant seal a n're paloys de
Westm' le xx jour de Martz I'an de grace mill trois centz quatre
vint et sisme, et de noz regnes disme. P le roy et son conseil.

WILL OF SIR RICHARD L (1425— p. 87.)

Ricardus Redman miles ordinat testamentum primo die Maii 3
H. VI., de manerio de Levens in com Westm', et de burgagiis et
reversionibus cum pertinentiis in villa de Harwode, cum advoca-
cionibus cantariarum in ecclesia de Harwode in hunc modum;
Imprimis volo quod feoffatores mei feoffati in manerio de Levens et
burgagiis et advocacionibus cantariarum de Harwode, dimittant, et
feoffamentum faciant,statim post mortem mei, prefati Ricardi Redman,
militis, per cartas indentatas Ricardo filio meo in omnibus predictis
manerio et burgagiis, tenendum et habendum eidem Ricardo filio
meo, usque ad plenam cetatem Ricardi Redman, filii Mathei Redman
militis. Ita quod cum predictus Ricardus, filius Mathei Redman

248 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

militis, pervenerit ad suain plenam aetatem, volo quod omnia pre-
dicta maneria et burgag* etc. remaneant prediclo Ricardo Redman,
filio Mathei, tt si predictus Kicardus, Rlius Mathei Redman, obierit
sine herede masculo de corpore sue procreato, predicta manerium
et burgag' remaneant Ricardo Redman, filio meo, et heredibus mas-
culis de corpore suo ; et si Ricardus, filius mens, obierit sine heredi-
bus masculis, remaneant Johanni Redman, filio Elene Grene, etc.
Item volo quod feoffatores mei feoffati in maneriis de Kereby 6t
Kirkby (Kirkby Overblow) teneant predicta maneria cum proficuis
etc. ad usum nieum et assignatorum meorum, durante minore aetate
Briani de Stapleton, filii Briani de Stapleton militis. Et quando pre-
fatus Brianus, filius Briani de Stapleton militis, ad plenam aetatem
pervenerit, volo quod predicti feoffatores mei faciant statum et
feoffamentum predicto Briano, filio Briani Stapleton militis, et
heredibus masculis de corpore etc sub condicione quod si Brianus
filius Briani Stapleton militis, sen heredes implacitent, sen intrent
vel perturbent me prefatum Ricardum Redman militem, vel heredes
meos de corpore Elizabethe, nuper uxoris mee, masculos legitime
procreatos, de manerio et castello de Harwode, etc. tunc feoffatores
mei intrent in predictis maneriis de Kereby et Kirkeby, et de eisdem
statum faciant mihi et heredibus masculis de corpore Elizabethe
nuper uxoris mee legitime procreatis, et si contingat me obire sine
heredibus de corpore predicte Elizabethe procreatis, tunc volo quod
predicta maneria de Kereby et Kirkby remaneant rectis heredibus
dicte Elizabethe imperpetuum. Et si contingat predictam Eliza-
betham obire sine heredibus, remaneant Johanne uxori Willelmi
Ingilby, et Isabelle sorori predicte Johanne, filiabus Briani de
Stapleton, militis sub condicione et forma predictis, etc.

(Dods. MS. 159, folio iQS)*

Notes supplied by Colonel Parker, too late for

inclusion in the text.

YEALAND (See p. 52).

From further information kindly supplied by Colonel Parker, I
find that John Redman, who died 24 Ed. III., was not, as I had
concluded, the last Redman lord of Yealand. It appears that John*s

APPENDIX. 249

sister, Elizabeth, who, according to his inquisition, was wife of
Roger de Croft, became the mother of a John Redman to whom
Yealand descended. He was succeeded by his son ot the same
name, who had a daughter Mabel, wife of Thomas Lawrence.

In a manor suit (court of John Multon, knight, of Kingsclere, held
at Kendal on Michaelmas day, in 15 Hen. VI.) carried later into the
King's Court in 22 Hen. VI., Thomas Lawrence and Mabel his wife,
were sued by Thomas Bethom, senior, for conunon of pasture in
-Yealand. The fine of 31 Hen. III. between Matthew de Redman,
Robert Conyers and Alice his wife, plaintiffs, and Thomas de
Bethoni, is quoted, as also the following pedigree : —

Matthew de Redman Thomas de Bethom

I I

Adam Robert

I I

Elizabeth Thomas

I I

John Ralph

I I

John Robert

I I

Mabel, wife of John

Thos. Lawrence. |

Thomas de Bethom,

Senior.

{Harleian MSS. 21 17, m. 320).

The Redman pedigree, it will be observed, is wrong in omitting
two generations (Henry ii. and Matthew ii.) between Matthew and
Adam.

It is thus clear that the lands at Yealand did not pass finally out
of Redman hands on the death of John, in 1351, but remained in the
family, with an interval of Croft occupation, until someway into the
fifteenth century, when Mabel Redman became the wife of Thomas
Lawrence.

WIVES OF SIR RICHARD L & II.

Colonel Parker is convinced that it was the second and not the
first Sir Richard Redman, of Harewood, who had for wife Elizabeth
Gascoigne ; and although m^ny students of Redman history, in
addition to myself, had arrived at a different conclusion. Colonel

2 K

250 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Parker's opinion is of such weight that I am bound to give his views
on the matter.

First, he says, we have the statement in the Gascoigne pedigree
that Sir WilUam Ryther and Sir Richard Redman (grandsons of
Sibilla and Elizabeth Aldeburgh respectively) married two sisters,
granddaughters of Sir William Gascoigne ; we have (ii) the tomb
ot Sir Richard Redman and Elizabeth Gascoigne, his wife, in Hare-
wood church ; and (iii) a pedigree quoted in a case Coram Rege
in 1 516, where the succession to Harewood, &c., was in dispute be-
tween Joan, wife of Marmaduke Gascoigne, and Richard Redman,
her uncle.

In this case one of the jurors was objected to on account of his
relationship to Richard Redman, which is stated thus: — (Thomas
Leigh) son of Roger, son of Margaret, daughter of Anne, daughter
of Sir William Gascoigne, father of Elizabeth, mother of Edward,
father of the said Richard Redman.

Sir

William Gascoign

Anne

Elizabeth

Margaret

1
Edward

Roger

Richard Redman

Thomas Leigh

The only point I may mention is that I have c -me across ** Ellen,"
wife of this Sir Richard, on more than one occasion, e^.^ Flea Roll,
Lallc^ Palatine, Lent j ICd. IV. But this and the other references
may he only clerical errors for Elizabeth. Possibly there mav have
been two wives, though I doubt it ; yet a second marriage with a Croft
or a Betham mij;lit explain the difficulty ofthe relationship of William
(his son) to Mar/;aret Strickland, who were related in the fourth
def^'iee, although 1 cannot trace the kinship.

APPENDIX. 251

DESCENDANTS OF CUTHBERT, OF HAREWOOD.

By Elizabeth Wilstrop, Cuthbert had at least two sons and one
daughter, and the Richard Redman, gent, who in 1602 was plaintiff
in a fine re Newham Grange, may have been a third son. Wilstrop
Redman, Cnthbert's son and heir, sold the manor of Borrowby in
1597, ^"^ is found dealing by fine with other land in Newton in
1599. He was of Newton in the parish of Lythe, and married as his
first wife, Jane, second daughter of Roger RadclifTe, of Mulgrave
Castle, by Margaret, his second wife, daughter of John Ryther, of
Ryther. She was party to fines in 1597 ^"^ i599» and was living in
1603. Wilstrop appears to have had issue by her two sons —
Thomas, born 1596, styled (1627) " of Ughthorpe, gent," a recusant ;
he is styled *• Thomas Redman, Junior, gent," in a List of Recusants
in 1616.

Wilstrop's second son, Cuthbert, occurs as a recusant "of Lythe,
gent," in 1634. Jane, wife of Wilstrop, died before 1608, when her
husband, then of York Castle (a prisoner ?), wed Grace Leadbitter.
Cuthbert's second son was Thomas Redman, of Newton, par. Lythe.
He married Isabel Radcliffe, third daughter of Roger Radcliffe, of
Mulgrave, and sister of Jane, wife of Wilstrop Redman. He was
born in 1569, and occurs last as "Thomas Redman, Senior, gent,"
in a list of recusants in 1616. His wife (bom 1573) occurs in 1603,
and in 1608, 161 1, and 1614. Thomas and Isabel had issue, Ralph,
a recusant 1611, and also Cuthbert (vix 1633).

WILLS PROVED— PREROGATIVE COURT OF
CANTERBURY, 1383-1585.

1505 Redman, Richard, Bishop of Ely, &c. ... 38 Holgrave.

1516 ,. Thomas, Calais and Kent ... 22 Holder.

1540 ,. Robert, London ... ... 15 Alenger.

1552 „ Ann, Kent ... ... 29 Powell.

1557 „ John, Preb>* of Westminster ... 3 Noodes.

1557 „ Thomas, Bucks. ... ... 11 Noodes.

1565 „ Edward, London, &c. ... 20 Morrison.

1565 », George, Cambridge ... 12 Crymes.

1572 n John, London ... ... 9 Peter.

^52 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

WILLS IN THE YORK REGISTRY.

(This list J dozi'tt to 1618, is taken from the Record Publications of the

Yorkshire Arch, Socy,)

Marion Redemane, buried St. Andrew's, York, June i6,

1428,
1 5 14 Thomas Redcman, Probate act. Bulmer.
1543 Dorothy Redman, rel. Richard Redman, of Harewood,

esquire, to receive inventory, Ainsty.
1538 18 July, Charles Redman (buried St. Oswald's, Amcliffe),

27 June, 1537.
1517 23 February, Lionell Redman (buried at Flynlham).
1524 14 July, Richard Redman (buried at Kirby Overblawes),

7 October, 1523.
1540 II March, Robert Redman (Kerebie), 11 April, 1540.
1 551 30 September, Walter Redman. Regilston, par. Sandal

Magna.

1 561 21 June, Arthur Redman, Holcottes (buried at Arncliffe).

1562 16 April, Richard Redman, Hoton Robert, August 7,

1 561.

1573 27 January, John Readman, Gaitfulfurthe, gentleman,
13 December, 1573.

1579 7 May, John Readman, Losco Grange, parish of Feather-

stone, gent"*

1580 17 March, Richard Readmayn, Amcliffe, 1579.
1586 27 July, I sabell Readman. Gaitfulfurthe, wo.

1586 15 February, Janet Readman, Losco Grange, parish of

Featherstone.
1586 I December, Richard Readman, Losco Grange, parish of

Featherstone.
1591 19 February, Thomas Redmane, Carleton, otherwise of

Cotos, parish of Snaith.
1586 15 November, Isabella Readman, Keirby, Ainsty

(Admou).
1 591 20 April, Thomas Readman, Heslewood, Ainsty (.■\dmon).
1596 8 November, John Readman, Kerebie, Ainsty (Adninn).

1599 Janet Redman, Castleford (Admon).

1 600 18 August, John Redmayne, Waterfoulforth.

APPENDIX. 253

1602 6 August, John Readman, Aftiecliife, Craven.

1606 3 May, William Redman, Stowpebrowe, parish of Fylinge.

1607 25 May, Dorothy Redman, Carleton City (Admon).
1607 I October, Janet Redman, alias Shepperd, Leeds, Ainsty

(Admon).

1610 12 September, Jane Readinan, Greenhead in Sawley.

1613 16 February, Gabriel Readman, Maltby, Cleveland

(Admon).

161 5 5 October, Isabell Readman, Stowpebrowe, parish of

Fylingdales, wo.

161 7 8 September, John Redman, Yarome.

16 1 7 8 May, Mary Skipton, wo. of Jo. Redman, of Ashton,

gent"' April 20, 1615.

16 1 8 3 February, Richard Redman, Kingston- upon- Hull.
1660- 1 Robert Readman, of Normanton.

1662-3 Simon Redman, of Andebuthill.

1663-5 John Redman, of Horton-in-Ribblesdale.

1666-7 Edward Readman, of Whitby.

1666-7 Richard Redmayne, of Meare.

1668-9 Dorothy Redmayne, of Beverley.

1670-71 Edward Readmond, of Hull.

1672-73 Thomas Redman, of Gisborough.

1678-80 Elizabeth and John Readman (two wills).

1678-80 Wm. Readman of Sinington.

1681-82 Marie Readman, of Wighill.

1681-82 John Readman, of Whitby.

1681-82 Marie Redman, of Sinington.

1683-84 Ann Readman, of Whitby.

i688-go William Redman, of Weyton-on-Swaile.

1 1687.8 Elizabeth Readman (ibd).

f 1687-8 William Redman (T.).

H687 March, Christopher Red mail, 168 J (Ad.).

ii688 April, Elizabeth Redmaine (T.).

ti66i Dennis Readman, of Good Madham lAd.).

11728 Robert Redman, Clerici of St. Michael's, Berefide, will of.

f 1683-86 William Redman, of Wads.worth.

1705-6 Sarah Readman, widow, of Rosedale.

t Dean and Chapter vacancies. '

254 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

1709-10 Hannah Redman, late of Moorgate.
1712-13 Edward Readman, of Whitby.
1 714- 1 5 Thomas Readman, of Stockton-on-Tees.
1 714- 1 5 Richard Redman, fjent"*, of Normanton.
1718-20 Elizabeth Redmayne, of Linton.
i7i8»20 Emma Readman, of Stockton.
1719-20 Anna Redman, widow, of Dean Field.
1 1692 Richard Redmayne, arm'* of Linton ; Elizabeth, bis

widow.
J 1695 Admon of goods of Robert Rydman, of Dean Field.
J 1704 24 October, Mr. Milo Gale, clerk, testament of Jonathan
Redman, of Wadsworth— Admon of goods to Simon
Redman.
J 1 706 October, Admon of goods of Ann Redman, spr., of Dean
Field, parish of Keighley, to Ann Redman, wo., and
mother.
J 1 718 17 December, testament of Elizabeth Redman, wid., of

Linton, to Robert Whittell, gen.
J1719 July, testament of Anna Redman, widow, of Dean Field,
parish of Keighley — Admon of goods to Peter Heaton.
1719-20 Anna Redman, wid., of Dean Field.
1728-29 William Redman, civitate Ebor, armiger; John Redman,

of Whitby.
1729-31 John Redman, of Rosedale.
1731-32 Caroli Redman, civ. Ebor, armiger.
1735-36 John Redman, late of London.
1736-37 Leonard Redmain, of Halton Gill.
1738-39 Francis Redman.
1748-49 Simeon Redman, of Upper House in Wadsworth.

RICHMONDSHIRE WILLS— (SOMERSET HOUSE).

Lonsdale Deanbry.

8 May, 1553, Redmayn, Richard, Ingleton.
30 Jan., 1556. Redmayne, Giles, Ingleton.
3 Jan., 1561. Redmayn, Wm., of Thornton.

I Craven with Hipon Act Books, 1684 to 1721.

APPENDIX. 255

1573. Redmayn, Richard, of Thornton, Esq, (Inv. 2).

12 June, 1582. Readmane, Wm., of Ingleton.

Mar., 1582. Redinayne, Alexander, par. of Thornton.

19 Nov., 1585. Redmayne, Edmond, of Burton-in- Lonsdale.

1592.. Kedfuayne, Elizt^, par. of Thornton.
17 Dec, 159 1. 1 ^ *^

Sep., 1598. Redinayne, Francis, gent^, of Burton.

10 Feb., 1600. Redinayne, Agnes, par. of Thorneton.

7 Feb., 1604. Redmayne, Nycholas, par. of Thorneton.

5 Oct., 1607. Redman, Marmaduke, of Thornton Hall.

9 Mar., 1609. Redmayn, Jeffray, par. of Thornton.

27 Jan., 161 1. Redman, John, of Newbie, par. of Clapham.

27 Jan., 161 1. Redman, John, alias Jenkine, of Ingleton.

25 Feb., 161 2. Redman, Edward, of Ingleton.

7 July, 1614. Redman, Leonard, par. of Ingleton.

(Tuition Bond, 11 Feb., 1618).

4 Aug., 1614. Redman, Thomas, of Callcotes, par. of Ingleton.
30 Jan., 16 1 4. Redman, Richard, of Ingleton.

29 June, 161 5. Readmaine, Eliz**»- of Ingleton.

11 Jan., 1615. Redman, William, par, of Thorneton.

6 June, 1616. Redman, William, of Thorneton.

30 Oct., 1616. Redman, Richard, par. of Thorneton.

31 Oct., 1616. Redman, Marmaduke, of Westus, par. of Thorneton.

21 May, 1618.) j^j^gg Redman, par. of Thorneton.

o Nov., 1019. ) •' '^

1620. Bond by Redman, Thomas, of Callcoats, Ingleton.

12 May, 1625. Redman, William de Parkefoote.

8 Sep., 1625. Redman, Jacobus de Wrayton.

5 Feb., 1628. Redman, Agnes, of Midleton.

26 June, 1629. Redman, Joseph, of Kirkby Lonsdale.
29 Oct., 1629. Redman, Isabella, par. of Ingleton.

6 May, 1630. Redman, Ch^, of Ingleton.

13 Jan., 1630. Redmayne, Francis, pa. of Thorneton.
3 Feb., 1630. Redman, Leonardus de Ingleton.

21 Apl., 163 1. Redmayne, Marmaduke de Caldcold, par. of Ingle-
ton.

6 Dec, 1632. Redman, Jane de Ingleton.

10 Jan., 1632. Redman, Alice, par. of Thornton.
6 Feb., 1633. Redman, Jenaetta de Wrayton.

256 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

II Sep.,
20 Aug,,

6 May,

23 June,

7 May,
20 Jan.,

23 June,
2 Mar.,
17 Jan.,
22 ApL,

20 Nov.,

2 Mar.,
29 June,

7 Sep.,
10 May,

25 Iii^y*

5 Apl.,

25 May,
I Apl.,

3 June,
13 Oct.,
29 May,

19 Apl.,
10 Sep.,
12 Aug.,
22 Jan.,

29 Apl.,

30 Mar.,
16 Aug.,

21 Apl.,

20 Apl.,
•17 Apl.,

26 Feb.,

27 May,
29 June,

4 Feb.,

^^^' • Redman, Alexander, of Ingleton.

639. Kedmaine, Marinaduke, of Westbouse, par. of
Thornton.

642. Keadinan, Dorothie de Ingleton.

646. Kedmaine, Thomas, „

647^ Kedmaine, William, of Thornton.

661, Kedinan, Bryan, of Twisleton.

662. Kedmaine, Jane, of Callcoats.

664. Kedman, Alice, of Wennington, widow.

664. Keadman, Is.abella, of Ingleton.

666. Keadmaine, Jas., of Westhouses, par. of Thornton.

669. Keadman, John, of Couldcoates.

670. Kedmaine, John, of Ireby.
670. Kedmayne, Ch*"., of Moregarth.
676. Kedmaine, Thos. de, Couldcoates.

676. Keadmaine, John, of Westhouse.

677. Keadmaine, Thos., par. of Clapham.

679. (Lady) Sarah Kedmaine, of Thornton.

680. Giles Kedmaine, of Moorgarth.

680. Kedmaine, Thos., of Mewith.

681. John Kedmaine, Armiger, of Thornton Hall.
685. Kedman, Miles, de GraystongiU.

685. Kedmond, Agnes de „

689. W™. Kedinan, of Westhouse.

692. Kedman, Jenetta, of Ingleton.

696. Giles Kedman, of Grastongill.

697. Kedman, George, of Mooiegarth.
697. Kedman, Agnes, of Greystonegill.
700. Kedman, Kichard, of Austwick.

703. Kedmayne, Kalph, of Halsteads, Anniger.

705. W»". Kedmayne, of Slaitenbergh, par. of Bentham.

7(Kj. Kedmayne, W"™., of Austwick.

710. Kich*'. Kedmayne, of Austwick.

712. Kedmayne, W'"., of Ireby.

712. Kedmayne, Jenetta, of Mooregarth, Ingleton.

714. Kedmaine, W"., of Lawkland.

719. Kedman, Eliz., of Helmside, in Dent;

719. Isabella Kedman, of Lawkland.

APPENDIX. 257

4 Feb., 17 19. Redmayn, Miles de Maysongill.
3 Feb., 1720. Marg'. Redman, of Austwick.

1 72 1. Admon with will annexed of Richard Redman, late
of Thornton (Holme Head).

10 Feb. 1 72 1. Admon of Thomas Redmaine, of Ingleton.

15 Jan., 1723. Proof of will of James Redmaine, of Ingleton.

1725. Proof of will of Thomas Redmaine, of Ingleton.

26 Aug., 1727. Admon of goods of John Redmaine, of Ireby.
21 Dec, 1727. Michael Redman, of Ingleton.

1728. Admon of Tho^. Redman, of Ingleton.

1728. Probate of will of Tho^. Redman, of Hill, par. of

Bentham.
1730. Tuition of Margaret and Ellen, daughters of Thomas
Redman, of Seedhill.
9 June, 1730. Probate of will of Alexander Redmayne, of Lower-
fields, par. of Thornton.
1 7 J une, 1 732. Probate of will of Giles Redmayne, late of Coldcotes,

par. of Bentham.

11 July, 1732. Probate of will of Thos. Redmayne, of Austwick.

7 Mar., 1732. Probate of will of Leonard Redmayne, of Woodlease,

in Ingleton.

5 Apl., 1737. Curation of person, &c., of Ellen Redman, daughter

of Tho', Redman, late of Ingleton.

Amounderness Deanery.

zi Sep., 1578. Edmund Redmayne, of Lancaster.

1729. Thomas Redman, of Cockerham.

Kendal Deanery.

7 July» 1582. John Redman, of Holm, Westmorland.
z^ Oct., 1577, Christabel Redman, Kendal.

6 Oct., 1592. Nicholas Redman of Skelsmergh, Westmorland.

27 Nov. 1593. William Redman of Skelsmergh, Westmorland.
July, 1594. William Redman of Kendal.

29 Jan., 161 1. Christopher Redman of Skelsmergh.

9 July, 1636. Thomas Redman of Skelsmergh.

3 Sep., 1670. Giles Redman de Kendal.

26 Apl., 1689. Christopher Redman de Kendal.

2 L

258 REDMAXS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Eastern Deaneries.

1524. Jacobi Redman, par. Hornby.
1584. Robert Readnian do Arkende (O.B. 72 A.W.)
1593. Thomas Readmau of Usborne (O.B. 72 A.W.)
6 Mch., 1 68 1. Ellen Readman, of Richmond.

Ad. Act. fo. 31, A.B. 1680-84.
14 Sep., 1699. Christopher Readman de Sumeside.

p. Coverham. Ca.

Wills Proved within the Peculiar of the Manor of Haltox
AND NOW IN Probate Registry, Lancaster.

1660. William Redmayne, of Halton.

INgUISITIONS POST MORTEM.

*' CaUndarium luqnisitionufn post mortem sive Escadarum.''

Vol. II.

p. 163. Escaet' de anno vicessimo quarto Ed. III.
Joh'es fil Ade de Redmane de Yeland,
Yoland Maner' due partes. Lancast.
p. 301. Ed. III. (1369-70).

Mathous de Rcdeman de Allerdale alienavit diversis per-
st)nis.

Kirkoswald maner'

Laisingbye maner'

Glassonby 20 acr' ter' VCumb'.

Lamanbye maner' due partes

Kadioir un' ten' j

Vol. IV.
p. 108. 5 Hen. V^I.

Kicus Redman, Miles.

Harwode maner.

Estcarleton.

Donkeswike.

Hcltwayte.

APPENDIX. 259

p. 153. 12 Hen. VI.

Elizabeth, who was wife of Richard Redman, chevaler.
Riighford nianer* extent . . . Ebor.

p. 186. 17 Hen. VI.

Matheus Redman, miles qui obiit A07 Hen. V.
Harrewode medietas maner' . . . Ebor.
Rici Redman filii et heredis Mathei Redman militis filii
Richardi Redman et Elizabeth uxoris ejus.
Probat' actat . . . Ebor.

p. 375. 16 Ed. IV.

Ricus Red may n, miles.

Harewode medietas manerii
Otteley ten' voc Kayle.

p. 411. 22 Ed. IV.

Will' us Redman, miles.

Harewode maner

Ottley ten' voc' Kyell j- Ebor.

Denton

Levens maner'
Kendale baron' membr'
Lupton Mess' et ten'

Westmerland.

INQUISITIONS FROM HEN. VHI'. TO CAR. I.

■ '■■■, ' .' ■ .' :"-•' )

Chancery Redman Redmayne.

Escheators ^ ,

and Court Edward, i? Hen. VIII., Yk & Wesf^^., C. Vol. 25,

°^^^^^^"- No. 3, 117.

(14 Jan. taken at Kirby in Kendal) Esch. File

116, No. 3.

(14 Nov., taken at VVearby, co. York) Esch. File

217, No. 18.

„ Edward, 4 Hy. 8, York. C. Vol, 79, No. 199.

E. File 218, No. 13.

(and sec Cal. State Papers, Hy. VIII,

F. & D. Vol. I.)

»»

26o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

Redman, Edward, 6 Hy. 8, York, C. Vol. 79, No. 172.

(loth June, taken at Harewood).
„ Elizabeth, 22 Hy. 8, York, C. Vol. 51, No. 63.
„ Richard, 36 Hen. 8, York, C. Vol. 70, No. 62.

E. File 241, No. 29.
,. Richard, Westmorland, C. Vol. 71, No. 75.

E. File 137, No. 3,
W. & L. Vol. I, No. 130a.
Thomas, 6 Hen. 8, York, C. Vol. 29, No. 25.

[of Bossal] E. File 219, No. 13.

William, 30 Hen. 8, York, C. Vol. 60, No. 90.

E. File 237, No. 21.

Redman, John, York, 16 Eliz., C. Vol. 169, No. 47.

[Gressingham & Fulford] E. File 261, No. 2.

W. & L. Vol. 15, No. 34.

Redman, Richard, 21 Eliz., C. Vol. 185, No. 72.

[Gressingham & Fulford] E. File 266, No. 98.

Redman, John, 43 Eliz., C. Vol. 263, No. 14.

Redman, William, York, 5 Jas. I., 2 pt. 17.

(of Thornton in Lonsdale) W. & L. Bun. 8, No. 154.

Miscellaneous Inquisitions.

Redman, Chris, (no county), 16 Jas. I., 10' pt. 152.

„ William, York, 22 Jas. I., „ 188.

(of Highleys, Ingleton)
„ Marmaduke, York, 6 Car. I., 19 pt. 163.

(of Coldcotes, Ingleton)

DucATUs Lancastriae Calendarium Inquisitionum

POST mortem, &C.

3 Hy. VI 11. Edinundus Redmayn,
Yreby lit de maneriis de|
Tatcham, Hornby, Wray- ^ Messuag'
ton, Clayhton, Tunstall ^ ®* *®'"'^-

27 Hy. VI 11. Thomas Redmayn.
Ireby, Tunstall, Horneby,
Wratton infra Mellyng do-
minium Claghton.

APPENDIX.

261

28 Hy. VIII. Wiirus Redmayn.

Parva Urswyke maner'

Ulverstone in Foumess

Claghton

Overkillet

Gressyngham

Messuag' terr'
bosc* ect.

CHANCERY PROCEEDINGS BETWEEN 1647 and 1714.

1694
1705 to 1710

165c

No.
302
333

Atkinson vs Redman & Atkinson

Redman — Redman

Redman — Cocke

Redman — Barell

Redman — Sands

Redmaine — Dodsworth

Redmane — Fairbank

Readman

—

Redman

370

Readman

—

Redman

1690 to 1700

284

Redman

—

Hutchinson '

Redman

—

Hutchinson

Redman

—

Hutchinson ,

I70I

215

Foster

—

Redman ^

I69I

Manning

—

Redman

I69I

Redman

—

Keck

I69I

Redman

—

Manning

1698

Redman

—

Spencely

1698

136

Scaife

Redman

183

Speight

—

Redman

1695

119

Wigg

—

Redman

1694

433

Wigg (Th

omas) — Redman

543

Redman

—

Raye

Redman

—

Kocke

Reed man

—

Emerson

Before 1714

317

Archer

—

Redman

313

Audley

—

Ridman

•

337

Condon

—

Redman

Vol. 3

Vol.3

262 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD.

No.

388

Kirkley

—

Redmane

523

Speight

—

Redman

559

Redman

Hutchinson

In Vol,

•7

Burraston

Redman

Michaelmas, ii

58i.

239

Redman

—

Ffizer

1699

314

Redman

Hanham, Bart.

1709

54
61

91
96

Redman

—

Redman
Redman
Pritt, Bart.
Must on
Greenwood
Durdant

467 (32) Redman

Traheron

471. 4.

Redman

Hanham

Vol.

of Index.

Bills & Answers before 1714. Collins. No. 3

5«2(5)

Rcadman

Metcalfe

Vol. 10.

Depositions before 1714. Collins. No. 4

759, 45. Redman — Redman

160. 30. Redman — Redman

Vol. II. Bills & Answers before 17 14. Hamilton No. i

292. 15 Redmayne — Pinckney

Vol. 12. Hamilton No. 2

293.44 Redmayne — Chetwynd

295. 31 Redman — Ffizer

296. 85 Redman — Rawlings

Vol. 13.

1662 64 )

4561 Readman — Edkins

1664 462. 70 Redman — Edkins

Redman — Fizer Page 285

16H0 164 t Redmayne — Chetwynd Page 311

556 '( Redman — Waterer

1681 4th Pt. No. 168 Redman — Duck

„ 560

Vol. 14) v:i
Vol. 15 f ^''-

APPENDIX. 263

Vol. 16 Bills & Answers before 1714. Milford No. i

3rd Part, No. 85 Readinaii — Ridall

6th „ ,.78 Readman — Culverell

24th „ xxvii. 28 Redman — Oglander)

Redman — Leigh i' ^°^

Vol. 17 B. & A. before 1714. Milford No. ^

85th Pt., 59 Redman — Kempson

91st „ Redman — Talbot

153 Redman — Hassell

no Pt. 48 Readman — Seaster

CCC iii. 2i3*»» „ 48 Redman — Kecke

Vol. 18. B. & A. before 1714. Milford 3

Hilary Term. 1685.

CCC. Ixxxii. 33 Redman — Darby

Vol. 19. Milford 4

No.

DCXLI. 140th- Pt. 20 Redman — Redman

Vol. 20. Nil. Milford No. 5

Vol. 21. Depositions. Milford No. 6

698. ist Pt. Redman — Redman

703 Redman — Redman

^^j-^^l- Nil.
Vol. 23 I

Vol. 24 Reynardson No. 4

No. 80. Michaelmas. 1682.

28. Redman — Lake

Bundle No. 86.

1 01. Redman — Hornby

102. Redman — Redman
Vol. 25. Nil.

Vol. 26. Reynardson No. 6

1693. 306. 7. Redmayne — Redmaync

1696. 305. Redman — Pockley

Vol. 27. Depositions bef. 17 14. Reynardson No. 7

No. 1000. 47th Pt. Redman — Hutchinson

Redman — Spenceley
Vol. 28. Single Bills. From 1659 *o 1660.

Bills & Answers before 1714. Whittington No. i

264 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Single Bills from 1670 to 1671, inclusive.
No. 478 Henry Redman — Stanton

No. 517 Single Bills in 1709. Mr. Barnard & Smith

Redman — Redman & others
1652. No. 15. Allerton — Redman. Michaelmas

1655. ist Pt No. 34.

Redmaine — Middleton
Redmayne — Ackroyd

Redmaine — Paler
1655. No. 46,

Redman — Wilson

Vol, 29, Bills & Answers before 17 14. Whittington No. 2
1667. No. loi.

Redmaine — Maude
Vol. 30. Bills & Answers for 1688. Whittington No. 3

No. 335. Redman — Horfall & others

No. 351. (Ralph) Redmayne — (Eliz«*>-) Redmayne,

widow & others
1698 to 1707. No. 448. Redmaine — Marshall

Rodman — Oddy
Vol. 31. Depositions of Chas. II., James II. & Wm. 3 & A.

Whittington No. 4
1648. Jenkins — Redman

1669. No. 820. Redmaine — Dodsworth

903. Lowther — Redman

Vol. 31. No. 920. Redman — Horsefall

Vol. 32. Miscellaneous Bills & Answers and Depositions

before 1714. Nil.

(SURTEES SOCIETY.)

1526. Magister Oswald Wylstrop et uxor.

(Wife Ann or Agnes, d. & co-hr. of Thos. Redman of Bossall).

Oswald's will proved 2 Apl., 1584, directs that he shall be

buried at Haminerton.
1478. Magister Gilb. Redman, Rector.

APPENDIX. 265

1545. M agister J oh. Redman et uxor.

(John Redman of Waterfulford, gent". His wife was Isabel,
sister of Rd. Vavasour. She was living in 1576. Will 27
July, 1586. (Yorks. A.S. Record Series.)

1490. Dom. Johnnna Redeman.

1498. Dom. J oh. Redeman.

14 1 8. Magistra Maria Redeman.

1429. Dom. Thom. Redeman.

LIST OF ROMAN CATHOLICS IN THE COUNTY OF

YORK IN 1604.

(Ei). : Edward Peacock, F*.S.A., London, 1872. Rawlinson MSS.

B. 452).

Thornton.

I. Marmaduke Readman, Esqre,, Ann, his wief ; fifrancis Readman
Margaret his wief; Richard Battye ; Anne, wief of William
Readman ; Jeffery Readman ; Avelyn, wief of William Read-
man.

HORTON (IN RiBBLESDALE).

Anne Readman, a recusant ; Ellin, wief of William Readmayne
(Ingleton).

Lythe.
Isabell, wife of Thomas Readman, a " poore gentleman."

2 M

266

LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED.

Records of the Heralds' Collejje.

Manuscripts — Addison, Ashburnham, Cotton, Dodsworth, Harleian,

Lansdowne, Ormonde and Rawlinson.
„ Parker, at Browsholme Hall.

Charters at Levens Hall.
Assize Rolls.
Close Rolls.
Charter Rolls.
Patent Rolls.
Pipe Rolls.
Parliamentary Rolls.
Placita de Quo Warranto.
Proceedings in Chancery.
Rotulorum Originalium Abbreviatio.
Rotuli Scotiae.

Documents, &c., illustrating the Historj' of Scotland.
Abbey Chartularies and Coucher Books.
Historical M.SS. Commission's Reports.
Calendars of State Papers.

Parliamentary Writs and Writs of Military Summons.
Cartae Miscellaneae
(Jeneral and Special Liveries.
Calcndarium Genealogicum.
Kxchequer Accounts.
Wills and Inventories (Surtees Society).
Durham Records.
Ducatus Lancastriae.
Mnes.

liKjuisitions post mortem.
Wills at SouKirset House, York, Lancaster, Richmond, &c.

LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. 267

Parish Registers — Thornton-in- Lonsdale, Ingleton, Bentham, Mell-

ing, Kirkby Lonsdale, Giggleswick, &c.
Inscriptions on Brasses and Tombs.
Domesday Book.
Rymer's Foedera.
Heralds' Visitations.
Monasticon Anglicanum (Diigdale).
Ancient Rolls of Anns.
Fainiliae Min. Gentium.
Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica.
Royalist Composition Papers.
Lanes. & Yorks. Wills and Inventories (Surtees).
Cheshire Families (Harleian Society).
Paver's Marriage Licences.
Register of the Guild of Corpus Christi in York.
Calendar of Documents, France (Round)
The Ancestor.

Remains concerning Britain (Camden)
Diichetiana (Duckett)
Collectanea Genealogica, &c.
Testamenta Vetusta (Nicolas).
National Dictionary of Biography.
Red Book of Exchequer.
Testa de Nevill.
(jcntleman's Magazine.

Chronicles of Froissart, Grafton and Ridpath.
Battle of Agincourt (Nicolas).
Battle of ()tteri)ourne (White).
Historic Peerage of England (Nicolas).
Extinct, Dormant, &c.. Peerages (Burke).
Extinct, Dormant, &c.. Baronage (Banks'.
History of the Commoners (Burke).
Transactions of Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and

Archaeological Society.
The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal.
Lancashire and Cheshire Historic Society's Journal.
The Genealogist.
The Northern Genealogist.

268 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Histories of Cumberland (Nicolson & Burn, Hutchinson, Housman,

and Ferguson.
An Accompt, &c., County of Cumberland Oohn Denton).
Description of the County of Cumberland (Sir D. Fleming).
Allerdale-above-Derwent (Jefferson).
Workington Hall (Curwen).
The Gosforth District (C. A. Parker).
Bowness and its old Glass (F'ergusson).
Histories of Lancashire (Baines, Fish wick).
Lancashire Pipe Rolls, &c. (Farrcr).
Lancashire Fines (Farrer).
Lancashire Assize Rolls (Col. Parker).
Lancashire Halls (Phillips).
Furness Annals (Beck).
Furness and Cartmel (Jopling).
Lancashire Families (Harleian Society).
Local Gleanings — Thurland Castle (Roper).
Pedigrees of County Families — Lancashire (Foster).
History of Westmorland (Ferguson).
Description of County of Westmorland (Sir D. Fleming).
Annals of Kendal (Nicholson).
Levens Hall (Curwen).
Colonel Grahme (Bagot).
Sizergh Castle (Lady Edeline Strickland).
Shappe in Bygone Days (Whiteside).
Westmorland Church Notes (Bellasis).
History of Yorkshire (Fletcher).
History of Craven (Whitaker).
History of Richniondshire (Whitaker).
Ducatus Leodensis (Whitaker).
Loidis ct FZlmete (Whitaker).
Craven and N. W. Highlands (Speight).
Lower Wharfedale (Speight).
Kirkby-Overblow (Speight).
History of Hare wood (Jones).
History of Ha re wood (Jewell).
Inglcton (F^alderstone^.
Pedigrees of County Families — Yorkshire (Foster).

LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. 269

Yorkshire Families (Harleian Society).
The Stapletons of Yorkshire (Chetwynd-Stapleton).
Sieges of Pontefract Castle (Holmes).
Yorkshire Genealogist (Turner).
Yorkshire Notes and Queries (Turner).
Wills in York Registry (Record Series, Yorks. A. S.)
Testamenta Eboracensia (Snrtees Society).
Archbishops' Marriage Bonds (York).

&c., &c.

270

INDEX OF PERSONS.

Abingdon, Sir Thos., 62.

Adam, " the Dean," 5, 15, 16, 17, 18.

Addison, 59.

Adingham, The Lady, 33.

Agnes, relict of Ralph, 67.

Albemarle, Earl of, 128, 131.

Albini, De, 21, 23, 71.

Aldeburgh, 133-5.

Catherine, 135.

Klizabeth, 68, 74, 80, 81, 87,

88, 117, 119, 134. 135, 155.

Ivo, 133. 134, 135.

Maria, 135.

vSibyl, 80, 81, 134, 135, 136.

William, 80, 81, 134, 135,

142, 143, 145, 148.
Aldgitha, 47.

Algar, Flarl of Mercia, 46, 47.
Amabel (? Stuteville), 32, 33, 34, 35,

237.
Andover, Viscount & Viscountess, 76.

Andrewe, Thos., 162.

Anne of Cleves, 200.

Anselm, 2.

Appleyard, Richard, 113.

Archer, I^rd, 58.

Argyll, Duke of, 94.

Arneys, 80.

Arundel, 15, 28, 99.

Ashton, Col., 226.

Aske, 107, loH, 164, 239.

Atherton, Robt., 113.

Atkinson, 114, 203, 204, 214.

Avranches (Averenge), Adam, 3, 4, 5,

9, II, 48.

Hugh, Kl. Chester, 6.

Robt., Lord of Okehampton,

Roland, Lord of Folkestone,

Vicomtes, 6.
William, 23.

Babthorpe, L., h)6, 205.

HAr,(iT, Col. Josckline, 28, 67, 73,

75. 7^»-
- Richard, 76.

Sir Walter, 76.

Haguley, (leorge, 21 1.

Haines. Robert, 192.

Haliol, John, 47, 92.

Kdward, 133, 134, 145. MQ-

Banes, Thomas, 55.

Barberouse le Grand, 91.

Barron, Mr. Oswald, F.S.A., 90,

236, 237.
Barton, Thomas, 162, 196, 199.
Bateman, Thomas, 182.
Bath ft Wells, Bishop of, 61.
Beauchamp, Sir Walter, 85.
Beaumont, 76.
Beckwith, Adam, 97.
Begham, Abbot of, 120.
Bellasis, Henry, 114.
Bellew, John, 10.
Bellingham, 71, 74. 77, 220.

Alan. 74. 75. "2. "S-

Sir Robert, 75, 90, 220.

Sir Roger, 93, 100,

Ben.son, 175.

Bentley, George, 113.

Berchand, 229.

Berkshire, Earl of, 75, 76.

Bethom (Bethun, &c.), 3, 15. 23, 31,

49. 195.
Bindlos, 203.

Birkbeck, Thomas, 170.

Birton, John, 46.

Blackburn, 163, 164.

Blackhouse, R., 204.

Bland, Oliver, 329.

Blenkensop, Thomas, 51.

Bohun, Humphrey de, Earl of Essex,
37. 229.

William de. Earl of Northamp-
ton, 53,

Bold, 220, 225.

Bollinf?, Fid., 113.

Bolton, Prior of, 143.

Boteiler, 30, 51.

Boulter, Sir John, 141.

Bower, 206.

Boynton, 220, 223.

Brackenbury, John, 170.

Hreant, Fulk de, 128, 131.

Bretby. William, 26.

Hromflete, Sir Henry, 159.

Brown, Agnes, 113.

Sir Anthony, 109, 112.

- Sir Humphrey, 113.

Browne, John, 204.

Lt., 168.

Bruce, Robert, 42, 43, 44. 92. 134-
Brus, De, 10, 88.

INDEX OF PERSONS.

271

Buckingham, Henry, Duke of, 98.

Burgh, Richard, 69.

Burn, 74.

Burton, 15, 23.

Bussel, 19, 20.

Bussey (Busay), 20, 23,

Butler, Pierce, 209.

Caisneto, Matilda de, 128,
Calverley, Isabel, 124, 125, 126.
Camberton, 26, 46, 47, 234.
Camden, 142, 150, 236.
Cansfield, 161, 191.
Carburie, 160.
Carew, Sir George, 210.
Carlisle, Bishop of, 54.
Carrick, Karls of, 208.
Catreton, Thomas de, 59.
Chamberlin, Robert, 114.
Chambre, Kd., 123.
Chartres, Abbess of, 122.
Chaucer, 85.

Chester, Ranulph, Earl of, 21, 129.
Chichiley, Thomas, 140.
Cholmley, Elizabeth, 163, 164, 210,

Sir Richard, 163.

Sir Roger, 163.

William, 217.

Christiana, 10.
Clancarty, Karls of, 208.
Claphame, George, 163.
Claphamson, 214, 215.
Clement, Pope, 61.

Vincent, 94.

Clifford, Robert, 41, 43. 44. 53-

Roger, 58, 59, 61.

Thomas, Lord, 69.

Cobham, l^rd, 82.
Cockersand, Abbot of, 35,
Colewell, 37, 124, 126.
Commynge, Robert, 185.
Condar, Agnes, 216.
Constable, Kathe, 163.

Sir Robert, 163.

Conyers, Chris., 190,

Isolda, 39, 49.

James, &c., 192.

Richard, 191.

Robert, 4, 5, 30, 31, 39, 49.

Conyston. Ralph, 114.

Corn th way t, Roger, 35.

Cornubia, John de, 40, 45.

Cornwall, Karl of, 50.

Coulton, Posthuraus, 191.

Coupland, 3, 24, 29, 67, 234.

Courcy, Alice, 128, 130, 131, 132, 152.

Robert, 128, 130, 152,

William, 128, 130.

Courtney (Courtenay), 23, 24, 128.
Cowen, 216.

Cowper, William, 103.
Crinan, 47.
Croft, 2, 39. 5' •

Cromwell, 197, 230.

Henry, 208.

Oliver, no.

Richard, no.

Croxton, Abbot of, 162.
Cumberland, Henry, Earl of, iii.

Elizabeth, daughter of, III.

Curthorpe, W'illiam, 82.

Curwen (Culwen), 26, 34, 41, 47.
CuRWEN, Mr., F.S.A., 72, 76.

Elizabeth, 160.

John, 160.

Sir Patricius, 172.

Cutler, Elizabeth, 141.

Sir John, 139, 140, 141, 150.

Dacre, Hugh de, 58.

D'Aincourt (D'Eincourt, &c.), 12, 23,

30, 56.
Dake, William, son of, 40.
Danby, 191.
Darcy, Sir Arthur, 164.

Lord, 106, 107, 108.

Dawnay, Sir John, 192, 220, 225.

Dawson, Roger, 92.

Dawtry, Frances, 215.

Daynes, William, 140.

Denethwayt, Thomas de, 59.

Denhay, Prioress of, 122.

Denton, John, 33, 34.

Derby, VVilliam, Earl of, 167.

Derwentwater, Thomas, 27.

Devon, Earl of (De Red vers), 128, 131.

Devonshire, Duke of, 94,

Devorgil, 47.

Deye, 229.

Diics, 102, 103.

Dodsworth, 152, 170, 171.

Downe, Viscounts, 225.

Downes, 176, 184,

Drake, Nathan, 167, 168.

Duckett (Duket), Elizabeth, 93.

Sir George, 89, 91, loi, 119.

Henry, 123.

Sir Lionel, loi.

Richard, 89, 91, 159.

Thomas, 93.

William, loi.

Duncan, King of Scotland, 47.

Earl of Moray, 47.

Durham, Bishop of, 64, 65.

Edward IV., 69.

Edwin, Earl, 10, 46.

Egremont, Boy of, 128, 129.

Eldred, 10, 47.

Elfleda, 47.

Elgyfa, 47-

Ellel Grimbald & Sueneva, 5.

Eltham, John de, Earl of Cornwall, 50.

Ely, Bishop of, 234.

(Dr. Redman), 1 19-123.

Prior of, 122.

272 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Erasmus, 224.
Etheldreda, 47.
Ethelred II., 46, 47.
Everingham, Eleanor, 118.

Sir Henry, 118.

Ewyas, John de, 40.

Exeter, Bishop of, Dr. O. King, 122.

Dr. Redman, 1 19-123

Eyre, Ann and Thomas, 165.

Fairfax, Col., 169.

Ix>rd, 168.

Falcon be rge, W. de, 10.
Farrer, Mr. W., 2, 4, 33.
F.avel, 228, 229, 232, 233.
Fenwick, John, 182.
Fergus, Lord of Galloway, 47.
Ferrers de, Earls of Derby, 92.

Matilda, 81, 135.

Fitz Adam, William, 40.
Fitz Duncan, Alicia 128.

William, 47, 128, 129.

Fitz Geoffrey, Robert, 23,
Fitz Gerald, Alexander, 128.

Henry, 128.

Margery, 128, 131.

Warine, 128, 131, 132, 152.

Fitz Hall, Thomas, 40,

Fitz Hugh, Eleanor, 159, 220, 221.

Henry, Ix>rd, 67, 159, 196,

197, 220, 221.

Joan, 67, 68.

Sir John, 66.

William, Ix>rd, 159.

Fitz Reinfrid, Christina, 23.

Gilbert Fitz R., 10, 15, 19, 20,

21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 29, 48.
Roger, 21

Fitz Simon, Simon, 23.

Fleetwood, 2o<), 210.

F*lemyng, John, 198.

Fletcher, 109, 165.

Forbes, Col. William, 168, 169, 171,207.

Fortibus, do, 131, 132.

P'ossa, Michael de, 23.

Foxcroft, 173, lyo.

Froissart, 62, O3.

Furness, Abbot of, 33, 161, 198.

Michael de, 24.

Gamel, s<^n of Levin, 18.

Gardener, lOo.

Gardiner, Bishop, 200.

Gar^rave, Thomas, no.

Garnett (Gt-rnet), 15, 16, 17, 29, 190.

Gascoij^ne, loT).

Bridget, 1 1 \,

Elizab«'th, HO, 88, 102, 103,

104, 105, KM), 1 H), 15O.

Margart-t, 137.

Marmadnkf, loi, 137.

Sir William, Ko, 95, loi, 102,

103, 106, 109, 114, 137, 156.

Gaunt, John of, 58, 60, 197.

Gaveston, Piers de, 44.

Gernat(e), 13.

Gerrard, Sir William, 182.

Gibbonson, Thomas, 161.

Giffard, Osbert, 23.

Gilbert, 10, 19.

Girlington, Sir John, 226.

Glendower, Owen, 122.

Gloucester, Duke of, 95.

Glover, 147, 154.

Goderich, Viscount, 213.

Godith(a), 10, 46.

Godwin, Earl, 70,

Gospatric, 30, 47.

Grace, 47.

Grafton, 60.

Grahme, 75, 76, 77.

Grantham, Lord, 213.

Green bancke, Robert, 203,

Gregory, 60, 114.

Grene, 87, 160.

Grenside, Rev. W. B., M.A., 187.

Gresley, Robert de, 48.

Grey, 62, 65, 66.

Greystock (Graystock, &c.) Amabel, 34,

Sir Herbert, 95.

Joan, 237.

John, 34, 37, 229, 237, 238.

Sir Ralph, 67, 87.

Ranulf, 34.

Thomas, 33, 34.

William, 33, 34, 56, 67. 237.

Grindal, Archbishop, 124,

Gros, Wm. le (Earl of Albemarle), 128.

Grosvenor, 69, 213, 215,

Guarinus, 8.

Guillim, 236,

Guldiffre, 128, 130.

Gundreda, 10.

Gunilda, 46, 47.

Gynes, Ingelram de, 45.

Haliburton, William, 80.
Hammerton, John, 164.

Henry, 162, 164.

Margaret, 164.

Richard, 164.

Sir Stephen, 95, 162, 164.

Hardye, R., 165.
Hardyng, John, 65.
Harewood, Lords of, 128.

Earl of, 142.

Harold, the Englishman, 70.
Harrington, 33.

Isabel, 219, 220.

Sir James, 221.

John, 34, 58.

Sir Nicholas, 219, 220.

Robert, 34. 47-

Thomas, 100.

Ha.stings, Thomas de, 30.
Hebblethwaite, Sara, 209.

INDEX OF PERSONS.

^73

Helton, Sir Thomas, 62.
Henry III., iig.

VIII. 224.

Heton (Heaton), 17, 18, 19.

Hewitt, Klizabeth. 175, 177, 178, 179.

Heysham, Richard, 30.

Hieland (see Yealand).

Hobart, Sir J.imes, 123.

Holme, Canon of York, 84.

Holond, Robert de, 42.

Honorius, Archdeacon of Richmond,

19.
Hornby, Prior of, 162.
Hotspur, 62, 79, 80. 83.
Houlme. Christopher, 194.
Howard, Earl of Berkshire, 75.

Sir Edward, 222, 223.

Huctred, son of Osnlf, 12.
Hiiddleston, Sir John, loi, 103, 104,

105.

Richard, 198.

Hugh, the Hermit, 11.
Hughes, 241.
Hume, L<.)rd, 222.
Hun^erford, Sir \V., 85.
Hutton, 171,

Icconshaw, 55.

Ikerrin, Viscount & Viscountess, 208,

209.
Ingleby, John de, 82.
Insula, de (see Lisle).
Ireby, 15, 47, 55.
Irton, no, 231.
Isolda (de Croft), 39, 49.

Jackson, H., 124, 126.
Jeonar, E, 209,
Jewell, 144, 151-
Joan, 47.

Johannes Clericus, 2.
Johnson, 191.
Jones, 22, 154.
Jordan, 2.

Kellet, 15, 16, 19.
Kendal. Barons of, 2, 3, 10.
Kent, Earl of, 114. I33-
Ketel, 10, 14, 15, 16, 47.
King. 142.
Kirkby, 23, 25, 30.

Irleth, II.

Kirkebrid, Richard, 83.
Knolles, Sir Robert, 58.
Knowles, John, 181.

I^acy, Roger de, 20.
I^mbert, Aveline. no. ni, 19?, 191,
192.

Benjamin, ni.

Elizabeth, in.

Genl., no, ni, 190, 208.

John, no, in, igo, 192.

Lambert, Josias, in.

Samuel, in, 190, 192.

William, 217.

I^mplugh, 165, 197,
Lancaster, Earl of, 44.

Duke of, 60, 132, 221.

Dean of (Adam), 17, 18.

de, Alice, 10.

Gilbert, 2, 3, 10, 15, 20,

24.

Helwise, 2, 10, 19, 21, 22.

John, 41, 50.

Jordan, 10.

Roger, 3, 10, 36.

Serota, 10.

Warinus, 9, 10.

William L, (Baron of

Kendal), 3, 8, 10, 39.

William H., (Baron of

Kendal) 2, 3, 10, n, ig, 21, 71,

William HL, (Baron of

Kendal), 10, 23, 30, 31, 41.
Langleys, William, 51.
Lascelles, 141, 142.
Latham, 31.
Laud, Archbishop, 138.
Lawson, Sir Wilfrid, 231.

William, 231.

Layton, Anthony, 108.

Dorothy, 109, no.

Edward, 187.

Grace, 109, 187, 202.

Richard, 109.

William, 109, 187.

Leadall, B., 214.
Leadbitter, Grace, 116, 118.
Leake, 206.

Leek, 227.

Leeds, Duke of, 94.

Leigh, Elizabeth, loi, 104, 105, ic6,

Thomas, 231.

I^ighfield, John, 114.

Leinster, Duke of. 94.

Levin, 18.

Lewis, Sir John, 139, 140, 150.

Leybourne (Leyburn), 23, 41, 43, 190,

235-
Lindsay, 10, 63, 64, 65.

Lisle, (De Insula), 15, 81.

Elizabeth, 133, 134, 135, 142,

143-

John, Lord, 132, 135, 143, 153.

Robert. Lord, 132, 133, 135.

Lowther (Lowdar), 12,198.

Lucia, daughter of Algar, Earl of

Mercia, 10, 46, 47.
Lucy, 53, 67, 68, 69.
Lulls, George, 140.
Lullson, Jennet, 191.
Lumley, 62, 69.

Machell. 240.

Malcolm IL, King of Scotland, 46, 47.

2 N

274 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Malcolm III., King of Scotland, 47.
Maldred, 47.

Mansergh, 15, 206, 213, 215.
March, Earls of, 47.
Mariota, 46.
Marmion, 221, 222, 223.
Marshal, John, 23, q2.
Mary, Queen of Scots, 115.
Maude, 141.
Maulay, 23, 148, 149.
Mawde, Edward, 113.
Mayer(s), 182. 183, 209.
Mayler, 211.

Memecester, David de, 15.
Mercia, Earl of, 46, 47.
Meschines, William, Earl of Cam-
bridge, 128, 129.
Metcalfe, 196, 211, 213.
Middleton (Midelton), 3, 92, 93.

Christopher, 159, 160.

Sir Geoffrey, 162.

George, 220, 225.

John, 162, 198, 199, 220.

Leonard, 123.

Margaret, 92, 93.

Sir William, 101,114.

Monk, Gen., 208.

Monteagle, William, Lord, 167.

Montgomery, Roger, 70.

Moray (Murray), Earl of, 47, 129.

Morcar, Earl, 10, 46, 70.

More, Sir Thomas, 224.

Moriceby (Morisbe, &c.), 1,12, 55, 56.

Morland, 12.

Morley, 162, 189, 192.

Morris, 140, 169.

Morville, Hugh, 10, 12, 19.

Mountenay, Thomas de, 43.

Mowbray, Sir Alexander, 156.

Elizabeth, 154, 156.

Nigel, 49, 71, 86.

Multon, 10, 23, 34.
Musgrave, 92, 93.
Muslcl, Robert de, 2.

Xevill, Alice, 197, 220, 221.

Edmund, 35.

George, Archbi^^hop of York,

197, 220, 221.

John (of Raby), 6r.

M.vrgaret, Lady, 119.

— — Ralph, Earl of Westmorland,

1 1().

Sir Robert, 220.

Newark. Hi>;hop, 21^

_ horothy and I'eter, 215.

NV\sl<>ii. ThDmas, 203. 204.
NichciNon, 1H3, 233.
Norfolk, Duke of, o«>, 94, 95, io«.
Northumberland, I'.arl of, 5*,), (x^, (n,

f.5,«,s, St.

Duke of, 91.

Norton, John, 198.

Norwich, Bishop of, 61, 229,

Dr. W. Redman, 123-126.

Nyandsergh, John de, 54.

Ogales, 168.
Ogle, 62, 66.
Oglethorpe, 1 14.
Oley, Rev. B., 173.
Orme, 46, 47.
Ormond, Earl of, 91.
Osulf, 12.
Otway, 206, 207.

Paganel, William, 128.

Page, Mr. J. T., 217.

Palton, 54.

Parker, Col. John (ol Browsholme),

12, 32, 120, 157, 159. 202, 239.

Christopher (Kadholme), 187.

Edward, 175.

Robert (Marley), 211.

Dr., Archbishop Canterbur>',

200, 225.
Parkinson, 211, 213, 215, 224.
Parr, 90, 98, 220.
Patric (son of Gospatric), 30.
Patrickson, 165, 166, 183, 229.
Pennington, i, 90. 220.
Pepin, Roger, 30.
Percy, 42. 62, 79, 91, 95.
Philip, the Marshal, 25.
Pickering, 154, 160.
Pigott, III, 114.
Filkington, Alice, loi, 103.
Pipard, Gilbert, 128.
Plantagenet, 69, 132.
Pleysington, John, 113.
Plumpton, William, 114.
Poictou, Roger of, 70.
Pointon, Alexander de, 23.
Poplington, Hugo, de, 15.
Premontrc, Simon of. 120.

Hubert, of, 121.

Preston, Elizabeth, 96.

John, 94, 96, 161.

Richard, 54.

Thomas, 94, 102.

Proctor, Thomas, 161,
Pudsay, Sir Ralph, 220.

Radcliffe, Elizabeth, 220, 225.

Sir John, 90, 220.

Sir William, 220, 225.

Radnor, Earl of, 141.

Elizabeth, Countess of, 141.

Randall, Isabel, 216.

Ranulph, Earl of Chester, 21, 129.

Rede, Robert, 103.

Reder, Thomas, 163.

Redman, Red-mayne, Ac.
Abigail, 209.
Adam, 42, 45, 46, 48, 5«>. 5>f 52, 22S,

INDEX OF PERSONS.

275

Redman*, Redmayne, &c.
Afra, 124, 125.

Agnes, 35, iGr, 194, 211, 213, 216.
Alan, 228.

Alice, 103, 118, 165, IQ4, 214, 217.
Ann. no, in, 118, 124, 126, 192.
Ayme. 97.

lientulict, 5, 23, 24, 25, 29.
P.rian (of Bossall), 118.

(of (iressinghami, 186.

(of Ireby), J87, 212.

(Captain). 235.

Catheiine, 163, 184.

Charles (York), 214.

Christian, 215.

Christiana, 212.

Christopher, 191, 192, 228.

Culhbert, 109, no, 115-116, 118, n9.

Daniel, Col., 207, 208, 209.

Dorothy, n8.

Drew, 124, 125.

Kdmund, 159, 186, 187, 216.

Kdward, Sir, 74, 93, 96, 97, 98-106,

113.
P.dward (Gressingham), 2n, 212,

215, 240.
Edward, 229.
Kleanor, 118.
Klena, 51.
Klizabeth, 51, 82, 83, 84, 86, 94, 96,

102, n8, n9, 124, 125, 175, 176-9,

208, 209, 214, 215.
P-llen, 161, 192, 211, 218,
Kllinor, n6, 208, 209, 213, 215.
Emmot. 56.
Eelicia, 69.
Frances, 190.
Francis, 109. no, n8, 163, 164, 165,

215-
Francis, (Ireby), 190, 191, 192.

Gabriel (Ireby), 191, 192.

Geoffrey, r6i, 162, 196, 199, 229.

George, 96.

(Borwick), 196, 202, 203, 204,

210.
(ieorge (Ireby), 188, 189, 190, 191,

192.
Giles, 160, 183, 197, 226, 229.
Grace, no.
Hardres, 124, 125.
Helen, 22, loi.
Henry I., 4, 5, 13, 14-28, 48, 73, 79,

179.
Henry II., 32, 35, 36-37. 39-
Henry (Harewood), loi, 102, 103,

104, 105, 137.
Henry, 37. 45. 46, 230.
Hugh, 172, 183, 229.
Ingram, 35.
Isabel, n6, n8, 125, 206, 2n, 213,

215.
James (Kirkby Lonsdale), 206, 208.

U-ondon), 216.

Redman, Redmayne, &c.
James (Thornton), 162, 193,216, 230.
(Twisleton), 196, 199, 204,

213.
James, 230.

Jane, ns, 116, nS, 214, 215.
Jason, 192.

Jennet, 162, 185, 190, 191.
Joan (Eitzhugh), 67. 68, 78, 215.
(of Harewood), 89, loi, 102,

104, 105, 106. 137.
John, 26,51, 87, 96, 124, 125, 126,

214, 217, 230, 241.
John, Doctor, 124, 196, 198, 199-201,

216, 226.
John (Eulford), 2n, 212, 213. 214,

215-

John, Sir (Thornton), 166, 167, 169,

170, 171, 174, 177, 178, 183, 207.
John (Thornton), 158, 159, 161, 162,

163, 164, 165, 170, 173, 174, 175,

177, 185, 216.
John (Twisliton), 195, 196, 197.
Juliana, 35.
Lucy, 67, 78, 212.
Lydia, 228, 233.

Mapdalen, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105.
Margaret, 51.55.56.96,97. "«. 124,

126, 162, 163, 164, 179. i«4, 185.

194, 204. 206, 2n, 212, 213, 215.
Marie, 163.
Marmaduke, 231.
Marmaduke (Borwick), 196, 202, 203,

204, 210.
Marmaduke (Ireby), 191, 192, 210,
Marmaduke (Thornton), 163, 164,

165, 166, 185, 200, 210, 211.
Martha, 215.
Mary, 124, 125, 168, 169, 171, 178,

191, 192, 214.
Matilda (Maud), no, 162, 196, 199,

216, 230.
Matthew, 44, 45, 56 (Carlisle), 68,

231.
Matthew, Sir (I.) (Levens), 3, 4, 5,

19, 20, 27. 29-34, 79. 237,
Matthew, Sir (II.) (Levens), 31, 32,

37. 38-47. 228.
Matthew, Sir (III.) (Levens), 46, 53-

56, 97. 158.
Matthew, Sir (IV.) (Levens), 46, 53,

56. 57-69, 76, 78. 79. 134, 237.
Matthew, Sir (V.) (Harewood), 83,

84, 89, 90-1, 92, 96, 159, 220, 221.
Matthew (VI.) (Harewood), 74, 109,

no, n2-n4, 137.
Matthew, Sir (Eulford) 212, 213, 215.
Matthew, Sir (Batt Sark), 90, gi.
Matthew (Thornton), 159.
Nicholas, 13, 35.
Norman (I.) (livens), 3, 4, 5, 8-13,

15, 16, 17, 48, 73.
Norman, 25, 26, 159, 230, 231, 234.

276 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Redman. I^edmayne, &c.
. Oswald, 185.

Ralph, 8, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179,

180-2, 232.
Randle, 35.

Rebecca, 171, 178, 20f).
Richard (I.), Sir (Harewood), 69, 74,
78-89.. 92, 96, 117, 119, 134. 135.

155-
Richard (II.), Sir, 87, 90, 91-94, 96,

117. 119.
Richard HI I.), loi, 102, 103, 104.

105. 107-111, 190, 192.
Richard (Hossall), 83, 84, 87, 89, 92,

117, 1 18.
Richard ( Bi-ihopof Kly), 1 17, 1 19-123.
(Fulford), 211, 212. 213, 215.

(Thornton) 160, 161, 162, 163,

164, 166, 174, 175. >7<^. 177. ^'78.

183, 198, 210, 211. 216.
Richard. 93,96, 109, no, 164, 217,

232, 233. 241.
Robert, 215, 232.

Sir, 232.

Roger, 53, 194, 234.
Sarah, 124, 125, 206.

(i-ady), 169, 170, 172, 173,

174, 176, 177, 183.

Simon. Sir, 233.
Thomas, 233, 234.

B.D., 196. 202.

(son of Henry I.), 25, 26,

27. 54-

(Borwick), 202, 203, 204.

(Bossall), 115, 117, 118.

(Fulford), 176.

(Ireby), 109, 186, 187, 188,

202, 212.

(Newton), 116, 118.

(Thornton), 91, 159, 160,

162, 163, 165, 186, 195, 211, 216.
Wakk've, 26.
Waltt^r, 93, 96. 234.
Watkinson, 214.
William, 22, 26, 45, 46, 50, 96, no,

IK). 103. 231. 232, 234, 235.

Sir, 56, 93, 04-97. 9^. 100.

II.. I Ilarewd). 113, 114.

(CVroat Shfllord), 124, 125,

J 26.

(Irt-byi. icS. 110, III. 187.

ISS, lvS(^. i(,c>, 191, 192. 193. 202.
jic), 220. JJS-

■ (l.<MHlf)n), 2l(}.

— - - (Bishop of Norwich). 123-

12(\ 241. _M2.

— (Thornton), 139. lOo, i()»),

i<>7, i(»-^. i''<>, 170. 171, 1S5. 210.

■ (r\\i>lfIon) 1*^2. 104, 103,

!';♦'. i'»7. r')S. ]«(<-», J. '-•. 204, ..'"3,
22u, 22 \. 22h, 234.
(York). 214

Wilstrop. 1 15. 1 16. I iS.

Redvers, De, 128, 131.
Richard I., 22.

II-, 35.

III., 98, 99.

Duke of York, 95.

son of Alard, 2.

son of Waldieve, 17.

Richmond, Duke of, 94.
Rigby, Col., 226.

Ripon, Lord, 213.

Rither (see Ryther).

Robinson, 211, 213, 215, 216, 229.

Rockingham, Marquis of, 89.

Roger, 16, 19.

Archbishop, 152.

Rohaise, 21.

Rokesby. Sir Thomas, 84.

Romelli, Alice, 47, 128, i2q, 130.

Avice, 128, 129, 130, 152.

Cecily, 128, 129.

Matthew. 128, 129.

Ralph, 128, 129.

Robert, 127, 128, 129, 151.

Roos, 10, 69, 82. 87, 231.

Rosst;. 191.

Rougemont, Lisle de (see Lisle).

Rouse, 215.

Rush worth, John, 140.

Rysheworthe, Alexander, 113.

Ryther (Ryder, Rithre), 106, 107, 114,

135. 136.

William, 80, 81, 82, 87, 113.

114. 134. 135. 136.

St. Asaph, Bishop of, 119-123.
St. Radegund's, Abbot of, 120.
Sandford, Robert, 50, 228,
Savage, Archbishop, 103.
Saville, J., 192.
Scarb<irough, Karl of, 69.
Scargill, 188, 220, 225.
Scots, Mary, Queen of, 115.
Scrope, Archbishop, 86.

(of Bolton and Masham), 69.

98, 115, 117. 118, 205.

See de la, 223.

Selby, 172, 176.

Selside (Sillcet), 12.

Seymour, Jane, 101.

Shap, .-Xbbot Redman of, 120, 121.

Sherman, Robert, 103.

Shyreburne, Robert de, 35.

Simn«*l, Walter, i?.2.

Simon of I*remontre, 120.

Skellon, Adam de, 35.

Sc^pham. Prioress of, 122.

Sothfby, Mary, 214.

Soiithaic. (lillK'rt, 47.

South worth. 187. 211. 212.

Sphk.ht. Mk. IL, 142, 146, 152, 19^.

Spencer, Sir Thomas, 58.
Stables, 214.

INDEX OF PERSOXS.

277

Stanes, John, 108.

Staiiiforth, Samuel, 214.

Stanley, 186, 222, 235.

Slapleton, Sir Brian, 80,81, S4, 87, 88,

95. 134. 135-

Christopher, 164.

Elizabeth , 150.

Joan, ii*i, i()2, 164.

Sir John, loi.

Sir Miles, loi.

Koheit, 114.

StHveley, Dorothy, 2o<>.

Stivet«)n, I*' lias de, 20.

Studelay, John. 103.

Story, Dr., 144.

Strafford, Karl of, 8tj, 127, 137, 139,

140, 150. 154.
Stray. Thomas, 102, 103.
Strickland, 1, 3. 94. 96, 161.

Cecily. 195, 196, 197.

Sir Thomas, 94, 96, 97,

195, 196.

(Sir) Walter, 23, 30, 45. 54.
80, 94, 100, 108, 161.
Sturnell, Thomas, 234.
Stuteville, Amabel, 32-35.

Hawisia, 12.

Hchvise, 10, 34.

Joan, 33, 35.

Nicholas, 12, 33, 35.

Hobert and William, 12.

Sulby, Prior of, 121.

Surrey, Lord, 222, 223.
Sutherland, Duke of, 94,
Sutton, 134. 135, 14S.
Syngelton, Gilbert, 35.

Tailbois. Ivo, 10, 46, 47.

Talbot, Thomas, 183.

Tatham, 17, 18, 20, 179, 182, 183, 194.

Tempest, Sir Kichard, loi.

Sir Thomas, 235,

Terham, Abbot of, 123.
Thirkekeld, William, 79.
Thirlby, Dr., Bishop of Kly, 202.
Thomas, 47.

Son of Gospatrick, 11, 47.

Thoresby, 141.

Thornburgh. 54.95. 123,232.
Throckmorton. Dr., 198.
Thwaites. William. 118.
Thweiig. 10, 1 1 8.
Tocotes, Hoyor. 99.
r«)inpkinson (Tompson), 211, 213, 215.
Topping', Thomas, 18 r.
Tor«Mith<jrii, Thomas, 15.
Torrell, Christopher, 124. 126.
rn>ti. I'"arl of Northumberland, 70.
Traches, William. 128.
Travers, Kichard, 1 10.
Trimbie. 1 i.
Tunstall, 219-227.
Agnes Grace, 226.

Tunstall, Alice, 90, 220.

Anne, 220, 225.

Brian, 220.

Brian, Sir, 108, 188, 197, 198.

220, 222, 224.
Catherine, 90, 220.

Cuthbert, Dr., 188, 197, 198,

201, 204, 220, 224-6.
Elizabeth, 90, 192, 220, 225.

Francis, 188, 220, 225.

Henry, 219, 220.

Isabel, in, 188, 189, kjo.

191, 192, 210, 220, 225.

Johanna, 90, 159, 220, 221.

John, 42, 109.

Margaret, 196, 197, 202, 204,

220, 2 2(;, 234.
Marmaduke, 108, 1G2, 188,

192, 220, 223, 225.

Mary lie), 90, 192, 220.

Hichard, Sir, 220, 221.

Hobert, 96, 220.

Thomas, Sir, 42, 90, 159,

196, 197, 219, 220, 221, 223.
William, 159, 219, 220, 221,

224.
Twisleton, John, of, 55, 158.
Twysday, Thomas, 93.

Ughtred, 14, 15, 16, 47.
Ulest, Philip de, 49.
Ulverstone, Waldeve of, 17-18.
Umphreville, 62, 65, 66.
Urban, V., Pope, 134.

Vavasour, 82, 196, 200, 205.

Veer, de, 230.

Venour, John le, 26, 27.

Vescy, Ix)rd, 159.

VeteriiK>nt (Vipont), 19, 25, 34, 43, 47.

Wake, 33. 34. 35-

Waldieve, 17, 18, 179.

Walker, Roger, 191.

Wallace, 41, 91.

Waller, William, 214.

Waltheof, 47.

Warren, de, 8, 10, 41, 128.

Warwick, Karl of, 10.

Watson. 164.

Welbeck, AblK>t of, 120.

Wentworth, 95. 137, 139, 198.

Sir Thomas, 8<}, 137, 198.

West, Lord de la Warr, 20 ^
Westminster, Duke of, 94.
Westmorland, Rali)h, Karl of, 119.
Weston, Canon, 72.
Whalley, Thomas, 230.
Wharton, 162, 171.
Whitaker. I^r., 153, 154.
Whittington, 196. 202, 204, 210, 235.
Wildnian, 176, 184.
Wile, 178, 179.

278 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD.

William, I., 21, 70.

Son of Waldeve, 18, 20.

Wilson, Rev. James, M.A., 34, 55.

Richard, 204.

Wilstrop, 115, 1 18.

Windsor (Wyndesore), 20, 23, 25, 68.

Wodehouse, Robert, 53.

Wolsey, Cardinal, 106, 197, 224.

Wood, John, 189.

Wordsworth, 129, 130, 229.

Wrythe, 88.

Wycliffe, Richard, 205.

Wyndham ^W^ymondham), Abbot of,

123.
Wyntown, Androw of, 66.
Wythes, Kdward, 116.

Yealand (Yeland, &c.)i 4i 5f 29t 40, 49,

67.
Adam, 3, 4, 5, 20, 23, 31. 39,

48, 49. 51-

Alice, 4, 5, 49-

Norman, 3, 4, 5, 48, 71.

Roger, 4, 5, 13, 15. 20, 48.

Yetts, Thomas, 181.
Ykleton, Prioress of, 122.
York, William. Abbot of, 230.

Archbishop of, 107.

Roger, Archbishop of, 152.

Zouche, 115, 118.

279

GENERAL INDEX.

Acreynges, 115.

Agincoiirt, 85, 94, 195, 212, 219.
Aldeburgh Church, 135.
AUerdale-below-Derwent, 129.
Altar-plate, Thornton, 181.
Al\vo<xlley, 127, 141.
Amounderiiess, 17.
Ancestor, The, 34, 90.
Angerton, 67.
Appleby, 25, 109, 240.
Appleton Nunnery, 135.
Arms : —

Aldeburgh, 144, 145, 147, 149, 154,
241.

Baliol, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149.

Bellingham, 240.

Bindloss, 203.

Bordesley, 147.

Brisbane, 239.

Bruce, of Annandale, 239.

Clavell, 155.

Constable, 147.

Daincourt, 147.

Dunbar, 239.

Kllis, 155.

Kly, See of, 123.

Exeter, See of, 123.

Fleming, 240.

Franke, 155.

Galloway, 147.

Gascoigne, 154, i55-

Grauncester, 147.

Greystock, 236-9.

Harrington, 240.

Heaton, 155.

Huddleston, 147, 240.

Hutton, 239.

Kirkpatrick, 239.

Ley bourne, 240.

Lisle, De, 153-4.

Lucy, 68.

Manston, 154-5.

Mareschal, Earl of F^embroke, 240.

Mauley, 148-9.

Middleton, 240.

Mor.iy, 259.

Mowbray, 154.

Musgrave, 240.

Nevill, 155.

Percy, 68.

Pickering, 154.

Arms : —

Preston, 240.1.

Redman, 36, 73, 85, 123, 126, 147,
154, 155, 162, 184, 210, 217, 236-
242.

Ross, 147.

Ryl stone, 155.

Ryther, 136, 147, 154, 241.

Selby, 172, 174.

South worth, 240,

Stapleton, 154.

Sutton, 145, 147, 149, 154.

Thwayts, 154-5.

Thweng, 147, 240.

Tillsolf, 149.

Tunstall, 219.

Urswick, 240.

Vipont, 146-7.

West, 203.

Wunhale, 236.
Arnside, 72.

Arthington, Convent, 131.
Assepatrick (Aspatria), 27, 67, 68.
Attercliffe, 214.
Austwick Manor, 162.

Ballilinck, 209,

Ballinabole, 208.

Bannockbum, 44.

Baugy, Battle of, 69.

Benny ngburge, 212.

Bentham, 108, 160, 191, 205, 229.

Berwick, 43, 60, 61, 78.

Biddleston, 172.

Birthwaite (see Braythwayt).

Black Friars, Church of (York), 88.

Blencogo, 79. 87, 93, 117.

Blencrake, 231, 234.

Bolton Priory, 130, 153.

Church, St. Mary, 131.

Bondgate, 114.

Borrowbye, 115, 116.

Borwick (Bewick), 199, 202, 203.

Hall, 203, 204.

Bossall, 89, 115, 116, 117-119.
Bosworth, Battle of, 99.
Bourbourg, 61.
Bramham Moor, 84.

Braythwayt, Brythwaith, &c., 55, 67,

74, 109, 112.
Brittany, 58.

28o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD.

Broad Klves, 141.
Broughton Church, 162.
Brygster, ic^.
Biirgh-iu-Lonsdalc, 219.
Burgundy, Duchy, 57.
Burneside, 71, 72, 74.
Burton-in- Kendal 1 Church), 241.

Ixjnsdale, 167, 171, 177, 190,.

191, 198, 205.
Byland, 20, 79.

Caldre, 21, 34.

Caldwich, 210.

Caley, 10 r.

Calton, 1 10, III.

Camberton, 26, 46.

Cambridge Castle, 132.

Cambus- Kenneth, 41.

Cancefield, 219.

Canterbury, 124, 125.

Car laverock, 135.

Carleton, 12, 32, 33, 34. 81. 112.

Carlisle, 37, 54, 58, 79, 80, 82.

Castle, 54, 79.

Carnarvon, 221.

Curtmel, 20.

Carucate, 70.

Charter, Great, 22.

Chester, 19, 20, 21, 224.

Chideoke (Shideoke), 99, 100.

Claughton, 187, 198.

Claxton, 115, 116.

Clifford, 191.

Cockersand, 4, 30, 37, 121, 230.

Coleshill, Battle, 130.

Coneswic, 19.

Conishead, 19,

Coniston Manor, 198.

Conway Castle, 221.

Copeland, 129.

Coroner (Lancashire), 31, 32.

Crecy, 54, 132, 136.

Crests, Kfdnian, 174, 242.

Crosthwaitt;, 15.

Crusades, 8.

Cunswick, 190.

Dalmain (l)aleinayn, «ic.), icx), 187.

Denis, St. (York), 241.

Domesday ,70, 127.

Drii;g (Drt'^'g), 12, 32. 3^^, 34.

Dumfrif*^, 81, 127, 140. 141.

Dunferniliiic, 133.

Duiikfswick, Hi. 127, 140. 141.

Durham, 2.:.

Dy.i;htoii, 82.

Dyinoutho, 46.

172.

l-'.irle,

I'.dinbun^h. 134.

l-';4rfminul (Kgremont), 67, 08.

I^Iy Cathedral, 122, 123.

Kmbleton, 55.

Embsay Priory, 129.
Ewecross, 158.

Falkirk, 41.

Earingley. 43.

Efostwayts, 109.

Fleetwood Colony, 210.

Flintham, 101.

Flodden, io8, no, 163, i86, 197, 222,

223.
Foxholes, 115, 116,
Frebank, 230.
Friar Preachers* Church (York), 88.

149.
Fulford, 176, 211, 215.
Fulston, 235.
Furness, 21, 30, 33.
Furness Abbey, 20, 32, 33, 225.
Fylinge, 116.

Galloway, 145.
Gallows Hill, 146.
Garter, Knights of, 132.
Gatesalfurth, 212
Gatesfulfurth, 212.
Gawthorpe, 86, 101,114, 141.

Hall, 137, 138, 140. 141.

Glanmagorn, 209.

Grace, Pilgrimage of, 107, 164, 225.

Grayrigg. 91, 93.

Graysouthen, 26.

Great Shelford, 124, 24i.r

Gressingham, 109, 205, 211, 212.

Greta Bridge, 121.

Grey stoke, 109, 235, 238.

Haddington, 134.
Hailinethait, 11.
Halst«iads, 179, 180, 182.
Halton, 206.
Hamerton, 164.
Hampton Court, 76.
Harewood Castle, 74, 80, 82, 104, 106,
no, 112, 113, 114, 139, 140, 142-151.
Church, 102, 141. 151-6.

House, 137.

Manor, 68, 80, 81, 84. 87.

88,97. 104. 105, 107, no. n2, n3,
n4, 127-142.

Village, 150, 151.

Harfleur, 195.

Harlech Castle, 221.
Harrow, 199, 224.
Hartley Castle, 93.
Haslewood, 82.
Hazelslack, 72.
Hawthorn thwayt, 18.
Healthwaite, 131.
Helicourt Castle, 145.
Hcllifield Manor, 164.
Helsington, 45, 113.
Hencaster (see Hincaster).
Henshill, 104.

GENERAL INDEX

281

Heppa (see Shap).

Hetherwood, 114.

Hetherycke, 113.

Heversham, 16, 56, 80,95,97, 108, 113.

Hexham Battle), 89.

Hildriston, 4.

Hinca-iter, 92, 104, 113, 117, 229.

Hind Castle, 74, 109, 112.

Hinton, 104.

Holehows, 55.

Holmcultram, 234.

Holmescales, 41.

Holynhnll (Hollyng Hall), 104, 105,

1 40.
Hornby, 187, 190.

Castle, 162, 186, 220, 226.

Horsforlh, Si.

Hotone, 230.

Hospital of Jerusalem, 8, 13.

St. Peter, York, 19, 30.

Hospit;iller Knights, 8.
Huby, 81, 141.
Hull, 107.
Hulton Old). 41.

Koot (Ruff), 80, 109, 115, 233.

Hynd Castle (see Hind Cattle).

Illuhruar, 79

Ingleton. 74, 194.

Ingnianthorp. Hz.

Inishmay, 2o<>.

Ireby, 17. 181, 187, i8'j, 190.

(Over) Hall, 193, 194.

Irt (River), 183, 229.

Irton, no.

Isell, 100, 101, 231.

Jerus;deni (Hospital and Temple), 8,

13. 181.
Jesus College, Cambs., 202, 234.

Kearby, 232.

Kellet (Kellote), 198, 205.
Kendal, 19. 20. 21, 30, 69, 70, 74, 79,
83,90,98, loj, 108, 109, 112, 230.
Kenlmere, 72.
Ker^^by, 87, 141.
Keswick, 112,1 13.

Kast, 81, 127, 140, 141.

Kildeholm, 12, 20.

Killclogher, 209.

Kind's Hall, Cambs., 200.

Kirkabia, 16.

Kirk Andres. 50.

Kirkl)y- Kendal (see Kendal).

Lon.sdale, 206.

- ,. Church, 208, 240.

Overblow. 87.

Kirk Diomed, 12.
Kirkham, 16, 17.
Kirk LevyuKton, 50.
Kirkslack, 234.
Knights Hospitaller, 8.

Knight of Shire —

Cumberland, 40.

Lancashire, 40, 42.

Westmorland, 44, 55, 92, 233.

Yorkshire, S3.
Knolsmere, 16 j.

Lancaster, 16, 17, 18, 29, 70.

Castle, 48.

Langele (Langeley), 67, 68.
Layfield, 164.

Layton, 112.

Lecke. 190.

I^eeds, 116.

Leeke, 219.

Leicester, 30.

Lesgyll, lot).

Levens Hall, 2, 28, 71-77.

Manor, 2, 9, 13, 14, 16, 27, 29,

30, 31. 36. 67, 70-77, 87, 96, 97, 98.
104, 109, 112, 113, 234.

Nether, 14. 94, 240.

Over, 14, 82.

Liddell Castle, 172.

Linlithgow, 134.

Linton-in-Craven, 175,

Ix)fthouse, 81, I I.J, 141.

Ivonsdale, 17, 83, 158.

Lough marash, 209.

Lowther, 11,

Lund, 160.

Lupton, 16, 20, 27, 30, 42, 45, 46, 100,

104, 109, 230, 234.
Lyme, 48.
Lythe, 115, 116.

Magna Charta, 22.
Malynghall, 74, 109, 112.
Manserghe, 165.
Mainecester, 48.
Masongill, 177, 198, 193.
Medlar, 20.
Melling, 162, 187,
Merton, 51.
Mewith, 190,
Middleham, 230.
Middle Temple, 217.
Middleton, 99, 206, 207.
Millom Castle, loi.
Morlaix, Siege of, 136.
Munster, 209, 210.
My ton Inges, 212.

Nantes, Siege of, 132.
Natelunt (Natland), 30.
Nawmger, 115.
Neatby (Nateby), no.
Nesbit Moor, 133.
Netherlands, 167, 190.
Newbiggin, 230.
Newcastle, 62, 64, 66, I7in, 174.
Newhall, 114.
Newton, 115, 116, 117.

2 O

282 RHDMAMS OF LEV ENS AMJ HAREWOOD.

Norhani Castle. 163.

Norman orif^rn ot Redmans, 1-7.

Northampton, 42. 85.

North Dalton, 212.

Nortf)n, 2Hh

Nottingham, 25.

Nil by, 1^1.

Nutgt-ld (XoutL'geld), 2S.

Oakham Castle, 134.
Okeland. ic)S.
Oosburiu" (-tn: Onsebiirn).
Otley Pole (Poole), 104, 105.
Otterboiirne, ()2, 65. (>f), 78.
Ouchy le Chasteau, 5S.
Ousebnrn, Little, 115, 116.
Overlands, 104, iO(>, 167.
Overton, 27.
Ovington, 124.

Parke, 1S2.

Parker MSS., 211, 230.

Pearl Fisht?rs' Company, 229.

Pecqnigny, Treaty of, 95.

Pcnwortham, 20.

Penycrhocke, 133.

Percy Rising, 83.

Pickering- I-\the, 116.

Pilgrimagt? of (Vrace, 107, 164,225.

Pontelract Castle, 107, 167, 168.

Portugal, King ot, 38.

Prestf>n Hall, (>}, 161 .

Pnlton, in Lonsdale, \Cx\

Ouinfell (see Whinfell).

Ravensworth Castle, 197.

Raventlusaile. 228.

Raw den. 133.

Redman (Manor). 7, 13. 26, 27, 205.

- Chape!. I {■2, 151.

Ri'dnian -. Road. 2:7.
Rtdmayiie Hall. i«,s, 203.
Rej^i-teis, 'llioriiton. 1S5.

Inj^ii-toii. A.C., 104.

Rigloii-in ihe-lori^i. Si, i.p.
Rising of ihe Norili. .'13.
Rochester Ca-tle, 23, 24, 2<».
Rouen. it»3.

Rongemont. i j ^

Roxburgh Ca.-tle, 3<). (k\ (>i. 78.

Sie-e, 13 ^

Rnd^sione, 21,0.
Rughlnid, .s.s.
Rnnntiih\va\ t. 30.
Riit!ai\il. I ^ ;.
Ryther CaNtlf, s<>. i 3 \.

— ("hm (h, 2\\ .

M.Ol')!-, I ^T.

St. A>aj)h C'.iilii (hid. 1 2 '.
Marv Aete- C!'nureli. 123.
Mai\ .tiid Holv Angels, \t>rk, 132.

St. Mary of Kildeholm, 12.

— Marv' and St. Sepulchre. 152.

— Sauveur Castle, 59.
Sark, Battle of, 91.

Selside, 9, 15. 10. 67, 95, u^, 112.

Seneschal ot Kendal, 19, 28.

Seton, 117.

Shadwe'l. 1 ji-

Shap Abbev. 10. 20, 25, 117, 120. 122.

Shtdford, (ireat, 124.

Sheriff of Cumberland, 54, 80. icx).

of Dorset. 100.

of Dumfries, 38. 42.

of Lancashire, 22, 31, 48.

of Roxburgh. 59, 60.

of St^merset, i<x).

of Westmorland, 22.

of York.shire, 19, 22, S2, 83.

Shipton, 212.

Shrewsbury. Battle of. 83.

Silverdale, 3, 20, 29.

Si/ergh, 3, 72, 94, 108, 195.

Skelesbolt, 30.

Skel«=mergh, 41.

Skipton-in-Craven, 127. 129, 131.

Skipwith, 212.

Sleddall. 54.

Sluys, Battle of, 136.

Snayth, no.

Spain. 58.

Speaker's House. 85.

Spurs, Battle of. 8«).

Stamford, Statute of. 43.

Stanhope. 224.

Stepney, 217.

Stirklanketill, 55.

Stirling Castle, 133. 134.

Stockhou.se. 81.

Stockton, 81. 1 14.

Strid, The, 129.

Stuteville Fee, 33.

Sutton-in Holdtrrness, 134.

Swindon. 141.

Synderbarrow, 109.

Tatham. 17. 187.
Tebay (Tibbtie), 51.
Thornton-in-Lonstlale, 8, 55. 74, 1 10,

i(><), 167, 191, 198, 203.
Church, 163, 173, 174, 17Q.

181, is^.

Hall. 171, 175, 177. 184.

Threlkeld, 231.

Thnrcroft, *)y.

'Ihurland Castle, ck), I5<), 188, 219, 225,

22b, 227.
Todgill, U)0.
Tonrnay, Siege of, 136.
Trantherne (Tranlon. &c.», 11. 12. 2».».

Trimbe, 12.

Trinity Coll-ge, Cambridge, 201).

Tyrrebanke, i(»5.

GENERAL INDEX.

283

Tiinstall, 187, 190, 219, 223.
Twisleton, 55, 94, 102, 158, 205.
Tyndale, 134.

Ulvedale, 67, 68.
Ulverstone, 17, 18, 19, 198.
Urswick, 21, 199.

Little, 195, 198.

Ushurne (see Ooseburn).

Vannes, Siege of, 136.
Vironfosse, Battle of, 132.

Wardeley, 113.
Warwick Castle, 44.
Waterfulforth, 212.
Waverton, 26.
Wearby, 106.

Weardley, 81, 127, 140, 141.
Wecton, 81, 127, 140, 141.
Welbeck, 120.
Welford, 49.
Wescoe Hill. 141.
Westhouse, 177, 190, 191, 205.
Westminster Abbey, 172, 200.
Westwick, 116.

Wheatley, 145.

Whinfell. 30, 54, 67, 95, 113.

Whitby, 115, 116,

Strand, 117.

Whittington, i6t>.

VVigglesworth, 164.

Wight. Isle ot. 132.

Wigton, 127. 140, 141, 153.

W^ike. 127, 140, 141.

Windermere, St. Martin's Church, 240

Workington, 26. 46.

Hall. 172.

Wrayton, 167, i(Sg, 187, 190.
Wynsdale. 198.

Yeadon, 81.

Yealand, 3. 4. 5. 1 6. 27, 29, 30, 35, 36,
48-52, 71. 230.

Conyers, 39, 52.

Redmayne, 31, 32, 39, 51, 52,

71.
Yeovil, 234.

Yewcros';, 108.

York, 19. 30, 88, 107, 108.

Castle, 1 16.

Cathedral, 152.

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Harvard College Widener Library
Cambridge, MA02138 (617)495-2413

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Full text of "The Redmans of Levens and Harewood : a contribution to the history of the Levens family of Redman and Redmayne in many of its branches"

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