Full text of "The Redmans of Levens and Harewood : a contribution to the history of the Levens family of Redman and Redmayne in many of its branches"

REYNOLDS HISTORICAL 
GENEALOGY COLLECTIObI 



L 



THE REDMANS OF LEVENS AND 
HAREWOOD. 




ALTAR-TOMB IN ELY CATHEDRAL. 

Du. Richard Redman, Bishop of St. Asaph, Exeter and Ely. 

Photo, by Rev. H. R. Campion. Fioiitispiece. 



Che Redmans of £ei ?eiis 
and RareiDOOd. 



A CONTRIBUTION TO THE HISTORY OF THE LEVENS 

FAMILY OF REDMAN AND REDMAYNE IN 

MANY OF ITS BRANCHES. 



W. GREENWOOD. F.S.A. Scot., 



BARRISTER-ATLAW. 



Kendal 

Titus Wilson, Publisher 

Highgate 

1905 






1199524 



TO 
MY WIFE AND DAUGHTER. 



Note. — It shotild, perhaps, be mentioned that there are 
families of Redman (and its variants) which are 
entirely unconnected with the Redmans of Levens 
and Harewood, with whom alone this History 
professes to deal. 



CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER. - - PAGE 

I. Norman Origin of the Redmans ... ... ... i 

II. Norman de Redman and the Knights Hospitallers ... S 

III. Henry I., Sheriff and Seneschal ... ... ... 14 

IV. Sir Matthew I., Sheriff of Lancashire, and Henr)' II. 29 
V. Sir Matthew II., Warden and Sheriff of Dninfries ... 38 

VI. Yealand ... ... ... ... ... 48 

VII. Sir Matthew III., Go^■erno^ of Carlisle Castle ... 53 

VIII. Sir Matthew IV., Governor of Ro.xburgh and Berwick 57 

IX. Levens — Manor and Hall ... ... ... 70 



X. Sir Richard I., of Harewood, Speaker of the House 

of Commons ... ... ... ... y8 

XI. Sir Matthew V. ; Sir Richard 11., Knight of the Shire 
for Westmorland ; anJ Sir William, Knight 
Banneret ... ... ... ... ... go 

XII. Sir Edward, Esquire to King Richard III. ... gS 

XIII. Sir Richard III. and the Pilgrimage of Grace ; 

Matthew VI.. and Cothbcrt ... ... ... 107 

XIV. Redmans of Bossall. The Bishops of EI3' and 

Norwich ... ... ... ... ... 117 

XV. Harewood Manor, Castle and Church ... ... 127 



vin 



CHAPTER. PAGE, 

XVI. Redmans of Thornton-in- Lonsdale ... ... 157 

XVII. Redmans of Ireby .•• •■• ■•. ••• 186 

XVIII. Redmans of Twisleton ... ... ... ... 195 

XIX. Off-shoots from the Thornton Colony : — Kirkby 

Lonsdale and Ireland, Fulford, London ... 206 

XX. Tnnstalls of Thurland Castle ... ... ... 219 

XXI. Unidentified Redmans ... ... ... ... 228 

XXII. Redman Arms ... ... ... ... ... 236 

Appendix ... ... ... ... ... 245 

List of Authorities consulted ... ... ... 266 

Index ... ... ... ... ... ... 270 



PEDIGREES. 



Redman of Levens and Harewood 
D'Avranches origin of Redmans 
De Lancaster, Barons of Kendal 
De Camberton ... 
Lambert, of Calton 
Redman, of Bossall 
Early Lords of Harewood 
Redman, of Thornton 
Redman, of Ireby 
Redman, of Twisleton ... 
Redman, of Fulford 
Tunstal, of Thurland 



III 

ii8 

128 

facing 157 

186 

ic)6 

... 215 

... 220 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



FACING PAGE. 

Altar-tomb in Ely Cathedral. Dr. Richard Redman, Bishop 
of St. Asaph, Exeter and Ely. (Photograph by Rev. 
H. R. Campion) ... ... ... frontispiece 

Charter, temp. Hen. II., granting Levens to Norman de 
Redman. By permission of the C. & W. A. & A. 
Society ... ... ... ... ... 3 

Levens Hall — front view. By permission of Mr. John F. 

Curwen, F.S.A. ... ... ... ... ... 16 

Charter of i Rio. I. exempting Lords of Levens from pay- 
ment of Noutgeld ... ... ... ... 28 

Gardens of Levens Hall. By permission of Mr. John F. 

Curwen, F.S.A. ... ... ... ... ... 38 

Plan of Levens Park (made about 1720). By permission of 

Mr. John F. Curwen, F.S.A. ... ... ... 50 

Ground-plan of Levens Hall. By permission of Mr. John 

F. Curwen, F.S.A. ... ... ... ... 73 

Ruins of Harewood Castle ... ... ... ... 78 

Arms, Aldeburgh and Redman. Redman quartering Alde- 
burgh, formerly in the Great Chamber of Harewood 
Castle ... ... ... ... ... ... 84 

Altar-tomb in Harewood Church. Sir Richard Redman, 
the Speaker, and his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of the 
first Lord Aldeburgh ... ... ... ... 88 

Altar-tomb in Harewood Church. Sir Richard Redman and 

his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Wm. Gascoigne 94 

Altar-tombs in Harewood Church ... ... ... 100 



xii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Ruins of Harewood Castle. (From drawing by Herbert 
Railton) 

Section of Altar-tomb of Sir Win. Ryther. By permission 
of Mr. H. Speight 

Arms formerly in Harewood Castle and Church. By per- 
1 of Mr. H. Speight 



Ruins of Bolton Priory. (From drawing by Herbert 

Railton) ... ... ... ... ... 130 

Altar-tomb of Sir William Ryther, in Ryther Church. By 

permission of Mr. H. Speight ... ... ... 136 

Window in Harewood Castle, with Arms of Baliol and 

Aldeburgh ... ... ... ... ... 144 

Sideboard in the Great Hall of Harewood Castle ... 146 

Harewood Church ... ... ... ... ... 151 

Altar-tomb of Chief-Justice Sir William Gascoignein Hare- 
wood Church. By permission of Mr. H. Speight ... 156 

Redman Arms in window of Thornton Church ... ... 164 

Tombstone of the Lady Sarah Redmayne, at Thornton ... 174 

Altar-plate of Thornton Church, made from silver 

bequeathed by Ralph Redmayne, Esq. ... ... 181 

Ingleton Church (from drawing by F. C. Tilney)... ... 186 

Font, Ingleton Church ... ... ... ... 194 

Thornton Church ... ... ... ... ... 206 

Thurland Castle ... ... ... ... ... 219 

Arms of the Earl of Strafford ... ... ... ... 236 

Arms, Redman and Aldeburgh. By permission of the 

C. & W. A. & A.Society... ... ... ... 244 



PREFACE. 



T17HEN first I began to study Redman history a few 
years ago my only thought was to prepare a few 
notes from which my httle daughter, in years to come, 
might perhaps care to learn something of the doings of 
her ancestors in past centuries. 

I had not, however, proceeded far in this labour of love 
before I began to realize what an amount of work was 
involved in anything like a thorough exploration of the 
available evidences, and to wish that someone in a pre- 
vious generation, who had traversed all this ground before 
me, had been considerate enough to hand on the fruits of 
his research, thus saving a needless repetition of labour 
for all who should follow in his footsteps. 

Prompted by this feeling I now venture to place on 
record the substance of what I have been able to learn 
of the history of this old and historic family, so that 
those who have not the time or facilities for independent 
research maj' have the advantage, such as it is, of my 
work ; and also that any future historian may have a 
foundation ready prepared on which he can build a 
structure more worthy of its object. Thus I shall have 
the satisfaction of knowing that the efforts of later 
students will be more profitably employed in adding to 
the present knowledge of Redman history than in acquir- 
ing it de novo, as has so often and needlessly been done. 



XIV PREFACE. 

My book has been written under a handicap of ill- 
health and limited leisure ; and all I can claim for it is 
such credit as may be due to an earnest effort to be 
accurate. I have tried, with what success I cannot say, 
to infuse a little life into the dry bones of the evidences, 
in a wish to avoid the dreary progression of charters, 
inquisitions, and so on, which, however dear to the 
scientific genealogist, are well calculated to scare the 
greater number of readers who are no less keenly in- 
terested in the stories of our old families. 

I have also endeavoured, as far as possible, to present 
only such features of the Redman history as are of general 
interest or are really necessary to illustrate descents and 
the connection of different generations and branches of 
the family. All other material, and there is a great 
quantity of it, which is of interest only to a limited few 
who may wish to trace their own connection with the 
Redmans, I have not thought it right to introduce into a 
book which only professes to present a general view of 
the family story. I shall, however, always be very happy 
to place such information of this character as I possess at 
the service of anyone to whom it would be of use. 

No-one can be more conscious than myself of the 
limitations of this book. There is a large field of history 
which still remains unexplored, and in which later seekers 
will, no doubt, find much that is of value. Some of the 
branches with which this volume deals are but super- 
ficially treated ; other important branches remain un- 
touched. But in spite of its incompleteness I hope my 
book will find acceptance as a useful contribution to the 
stories of our old English families. 

If it gives to any reader a small fraction of the pleasure 
I have derived from its writing, and if it spares labour to 



or in any way smoothes the path for a future teller of the 
Redman story, I shall feel that I am more than rewarded 
for work which has been to me a delight. 

My work has been much simplified by the generous 
and valuable assistance I have received, for which I wish 
to express my sincere thanks. Gratitude is especially due 
to Colonel Parker, of Browsholme Hall, who in the most 
courteous and ungrudging way has placed his unrivalled 
knowledge of Redman history at my disposal ; and 
among other gentlemen who have also been most kind 
and helpful are Colonel Bagot, M.P., of Levens Hall ; 
Mr. William Farrer ; the Rev. James Wilson, M.A. ; my 
brother-in-law, Mr. J. Harper Scaife, LL.B., who has 
helped me most generously throughout, and others whose 
courtesy I acknowledge in later pages. I am also greatly 
indebted to the kindness of Mr. Curwen, F.S.A., the Rev. 
H. R. Campion, M.A., Mr. H. Speight, the Cumberland 
and Westmorland Antiquarian Society, and Messrs. Jack, 
of Edinburgh for several of the illustrations which appear 
in the book. 

W. G. 

Spring Grove, 

Middlesex, 

3rd November, 1904. 



Jlf&man of ItebmB anb '^arttnooft. 



Adam D'Avranches, lord of Yealand and Silverdale. 

Norman de Redman, ob. circa. 1184, lord of Redman, Yealand, Levens, Ac, 
Dapifer of Warinus, Minister of the Holy Hospital of Jerusalem. 



Sir Henry I. = Dau. of Adam, Dean of Lancaster 
ob. circ. 1225, lord of Levens, Selside, I (son of Waldeve of Ulverston). 
Lupton, Trantherne, &c., Seneschal 
of Kendal, and co-Sheriff of Yorkshire. 



Benedict, ob. v. p., 
one of the hostages of Gil- 
bert Fitz Reinfrid, Baron of 
Kendal, 1216. 



Sir Matthew 1.=Amabel (? dau. of 
ob. circ. 1250, I Nicholas, Lord 
Sheriff of Lancashire, &c. Stuteville, or of 
Roll of Arms, 1243-6. William, Lord Greystoke). 



Norman, 
ob. ante 1247, 
benefactor of 
Shap Abbey. 



HENRYn, = - 



of Camberton, 
ob. ante 4 Jan., 



Sir Matthew n. = GODiTHA (? of Camberton, 

ob. 1319, I a descendant of Gospatric, Earl 
Knight of Shire for West- of Dunbar, and of Kings Ethelred IL 
morland and Lancashire, and Malcolm IL, of Scotland). 
Commanded forces against | 
Baliol and Bruce I 



Henry, 

benefactor of 

Cockersand Abbey 

(1300). 



Thomas, 

next heir of Alan 

de Camberton 

(1307)- 



Sheriff of Cumberland, Knight 
of Shire for Westmorland, and 
Governor of Carlisle Castle. 



= (2) Margaret, 

ob. May, 1374, 

widow of Hugh de Moriceby 

(ob. 1348-9). 



WiLLIAI 

ob. ant 
1318. 



Sir Matthew IV. =(2) Joan, dau. of Henry, Lord Fitzhugh, 

ob. circ. 1390, and widow of ^Villiam, 4th Lord 

Governor of Roxburgh and Berwick, Greystoke, and Anthony, 3rd Lord 

Fought in France and Spain, under Lucy. 

John of Gaunt, and at Otterbourne. 



(i) Elizabeth =- 
ob. 1418, 
dau. and co-heiress of William, 
1st Lord Aldeburgh, and widow of 
Sir Bryan Stapletou. 



Sir Richard, 

ob. 1426, 
lord of Harewood, Levens, &c.. 
Sheriff of Yorkshire and Cumber- 
land, Knight of Shire and Speaker 
of House of Commons (1415). 



Felicia = Sir John 



= Johanna, 
I dau. of Sir Thomas 
of Thurland Castle 



Richard of Bossall, 



, of Sir William Gascoigne, 
sf Justice of England. 
e Appx.,pp. 2iy-&0.) 



Richard=Margaret, dau. of 

Thomas Middleton, Esq., a 
descendant of the Lords 
Berkeley, De Ferrers, &c. 
(SeeAppx.,pp. 2i9-50.) 



Sir William = Ma 

ob. 1482, Sir W. Strickland, 
Kmght Banneret, of Sizergh Castle. 
MP. for Westmor- 
land 



Sheriff of Cumberland, 



n 

Richard. 
Walter. 
(vix. 1482) 



I 

HENRY = ALICE PILKI^ 



JOAN = M arm aduke, 
. 1507. son of Sir Wm. 
Gascoigne. 



Llizabeth = John Preston, 
Esq., of Preston 
Hall and Levens. 



(2) Dorothy, dau. of 
Wm. Lay ton, Esq., 
of Dalmain. 



Matthew VI. = Bridget, 

b- 1528, dau. of Sir W. 

vix 1600. Gascoigne, of 
Gawthorpe. 



Cuthbert = Elizabeth, 
vix. 1589. vix. 1589, 
dau. of Sir 



Grace 
= Richard 
Travers, 
of Nateby 



Madd 
= Chris. 

IRTON, 



Mary 
= Thomas 
Gargrave, 
of Bolton-in- 



A quibus 

General John Lambert, 

temp. Cromwell. 



To face Page 1. 



THE REDMANS OF LEVENS. 



CHAPTER I. 



Norman Origin of the Redmans. 

rpHE North of England has been the nursery of many 
J- a knightly family which has borne itself gallantly 
through the centuries, has sent its sons, generation after 
generation, to fight for their King, and has mated its 
daughters with husbands as well-born as themselves. 

A few of these families, like the Penningtons and 
Stricklands, have maintained their position in defiance of 
" time and tide," and to-day live in castles built b}' their 
ancestors in far-off feudal days and own lands which were 
theirs under Plantagenet kings, or even before Domesday 
Book was compiled. Others have helped to fashion 
history for four, fi\'e or six centuries until, through for- 
feitures of estates and divided and subdivided inheritances 
they have lapsed from their position, and, for a time at 
least, have been largely lost to view. 

Of the latter and less fortunate class is the family of 
Redman, of Redman in Cumberland, of Levens in West- 
morland, of Harewood in Yorkshire, and of a score of 
other manors scattered over five counties north of the 
Humber and Mersey. An offshoot of one of the most 
eminent of noble Norman stocks, the Redmans were men 
of substance and position in the north before John came 
to his throne ; and from the twelfth to the early years of 
the eighteenth century they took a prominent place in 

B 



2 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

the land of their adoption. They furnished, in long 
succession, knights for her shires, bishops for her church, 
and sheriffs for her counties. They fought gallantly from 
the borders of Scotland to the borders of Spain ; they 
were governors of important castles and arrayers and 
leaders of armed forces ; and, in short, for all these 
centuries there were few spheres of useful activity in 
which they did not bear an honourable and often a 
conspicuous part. 

Although the records are full of references to the Red- 
mans, and although many a skilled antiquary has made 
a painstaking study of their history, the origin of the 
family successfully eluded discovery until a few years ago, 
when an old charter which had escaped the notice of the 
Historical MSS. Commissioner, when examining the 
muniments at Levens Hall, and was brought to light by 
Mr. W. Farrer, the learned editor of Lancashire Records, 
supplied a clue to the mystery. 

This old charter, so fortunately discovered, is the 
original grant ot Levens by William de Lancaster (H.), 
Baron of Kendal, to the founder of the Redman famil}' at a 
time when the name had not yet been adopted. The deed, 
the date of which is probably circa 1170, runs thus : — 
Notum sit omnibus, tam presentibus quain futuris, clericis et laicis, 
quod ego Willelmus de Lancastra, dedi et concessi Normanno de 
Hieland, pro suo liomagio et servicio, Lefnes, per suas rectas 
divisas, in Bosco, in piano, in pratis, in pascuis, sibi et suis heredi- 
bus, de me et meis heredibus, tenere libere et quiete et pro suo 
libero servicio, scilicet, pro octo solidis inde annuatim reddendis, 
salva piscaria et aqua de Kent usque ad Sandpol et salvis austur- 
conibus et cervo et cerva, et apre et lea. Hiis testibus : domina 
Helewisa, sponsa sua ; Simone de ; Anselmo ; huctredo, filio 

Osolf; Rogero, filio Ade ; Roberto Mustel ; Ricardo, filio Alardi ; 
Jurdano ; Gileberto, fratre suo ; Gilberto de Croft ; Johianne 
clerico, et aliis pluribus audieutibus, hoc. 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 3 

It will be seen that the name of the grantee in this 
charter appears as Norman de " Hieland," or, as it was 
known in later days, " Yealand " ; and in this word lies 
the clue which enables us to assign on unassailable 
grounds, a Norman origin to the Redmans. 

This family of Hieland or Yealand was founded by one 
Adam d'Averenge, or Adam of Avranches, to whom 
Wilham de Lancaster (I), Baron of Kendal, gave lands in 
Yealand and Silverdale. In a boundary deed of Yealand : — 

Willelmus de Lancastre dedit Ade de Yeland et heredibus suis, pro 
homagio et servicio suo, villam de Yeland cam Selredale, cum omni- 
bus pertinentiis suis, quas Willelmus de Lancastre, vetus, dedit Ade 
de Averenge, avo ejusdem Ade, pro homagio et servicio suo, scilicet 
unam Karucatam terre et dimidiam per servicium militare ; Testibus, 
Gilberto de Lancastre, Rogero de Lancastre, Thoma de Bethom, 
Ricardo de Coupland, Matheo de Redeman, &c. 

(In cartis Thome Midleton de Leighton, armigeri, 28 July, 1629, 
apud Sizergh, in custodia Roberti Stirkland, Armigeri). 

From this charter we see that William de Lancaster 
gave to Adam de Yeland and his heirs the vill of Yeland 
with Silverdale, which William de Lancaster, vetus, gave 
to Adam d' Avranches, grandfather of the said Adam. 
Thus we have the Norman Adam receiving lands in Ye- 
land and Silverdale from the Baronial house of Kendal, 
and founding a family which was to be identified in the 
future as the family of Yealand, of whom Norman, of the 
Levens charter, and Adam of this Yealand deed, were 
members. This Adam de Yeland is specifically identified 
as grandson of the first settler, Adam d'Avranches. Who 
then was Norman, who is of such great interest to us as 
founder of the family that was to be known for so many 
centuries by the name of Redman ? He was clearly of an 
older generation than Adam of Yeland, the grandson, who 



4 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

indeed was a contemporary of Norman's son, Henry, and 
of his grandson, Matthew ; and there can be little doubt 
that he was a son of Adam of Avranches. 

Having seen that Norman (de Redman) originally bore 
the name of the family founded by this Norman soldier, 
let us see what further evidence there is to identify him 
with this family. And for this purpose I may be pardoned 
for quoting Mr. Farrer's views as stated to me in a 
letter :— 

The strongest confirmation of your suggestion that Adam de 
Yealand and Henry de Redman were cousins is the reference to a 
plea in 1246, where Alice, wife of Robert de Conyers, and Matthew 
Redman are defendants, and their ancestors are said to have been 
seised of common &c (Alice was daughter of the Adam de Yealand 
of the charter). Then there are the following charters which, as 
they say in Lancashire, are " ungeto'erable " : — 

(1) Know that I, Roger de Yeland, by the love of God and for 
the health of my soul &c. by the advice of Sueneva, my wife, 
have given six acres of land and a toft of my demesne of 
Yeland in pure alms (to the Canons of Cockersand) to hold 
fully &c. I also will that the said brethren have easements 
belonging to the said land (f. 1476). 

(2) Know &c. that I, Henry son of Norman de Redeman, have 
given &c. 23 acres of my land in Yeland, to wit of my demesne 
around Hildriston in pure alms (to the Canons of Cockersand) 
with common right and easements of the said vill, as much as 
the said alms can bear, for the health of my soul &c. (f. 1476). 

These charters from the Cockersand Chartulary prove that 
Roger, son of Adam de Avranches, and Henry de Redman were 
severally possessed cf demesnes in Yealand ; and I should imagine 
that the first charter passed between iigo and 1205. These refer- 
ences seem to make your suggestion re the relationship of Norman 
to Adam de Avranches as likely as anything of this kind can be 
made ; and probably the pedigree which I have sketched out may 
be considered correct. 



\2" 



lis 

llli 



i 2 






i G 
I 5^0 



w — -a . 



cau o 
II 

^■c o 



6 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Having thus, as I hope satisfactorily, established Nor- 
man's identity as a member of the family of Adam 
d'Avranches it may be well to glance for a few moments 
at the great Norman family of that name, of which there 
can be small reason to doubt that Adam was a cadet. 

According to Collins, the family of the Vicomtes 
d'Avranches "flourished in Normandy with great dignity 
and grandeur from the time of its first creation into a 
sovereign kingdom, A.D. gi2, to the conquest of England 
in the year 1066, having been always ranked among the 
foremost there, either for nobleness of blood or power, 
and having had the government of many castles and 
strongholds in that Duchy."; 

Without following Collins to his ancestral goal in an 
uncle of Rollo, the piratical pioneer of the Norman Dukes, 
there is no doubt that the d'Avranches family was of con- 
siderable importance in the Duchy, and was not considered 
unworthy of an alliance with its reigning House. The 
most notable of its members was perhaps that Hugh 
d'Avranches (Lupus), to whom his uncle, the Conqueror, 
gave so many fat manors and the earldom of Chester, and 
who, in his power and splendour, almost rivalled William 
himself. 

It was but natural that members of this family should find 
the seductions of England, with its promise of rich spoil, 
irresistible, and should join the army of Norman invaders 
which flocked over, both at and after the Conquest. To 
Hugh, the Conqueror's favourite, fell the choicest plums ; 
Roland d'Avranches became Lord of Folkestone, and 
founded a short line of Barons by Tenure ; Robert 
d'Avranches had a grant of the Baron\' of Okehanipton ; 
and no doubt there were other members of the family 
who had substantial pickings, and had good reason to be 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 7 

grateful for William's enterprise in crossing the Channel. 
Here we may leave the Avranches progenitors of the 
Redmans, and consider Norman, who, born a d'Avranches, 
grew to manhood as a de Yealand, and in later years 
identified himself and his descendants for ever with Red- 
man, a Cumberland village between the rivers Derwent 
and Ellen. 



CHAPTER II. 



Norman de Redman and the Knights Hospitallers. 

NORMAN, the first of his line to bear the name of 
Redman was probably born circa 1140, at a troublous 
time, when Stephen found the Empress Maud and the 
most powerful of his Barons arrayed against him, and for 
a time England was in the clutch of anarchy, bloodshed 
and famine. The Battle of the Standard was but a two- 
year-old memory, and people were still talking in awed 
whispers of the massacres and rapine King David and his 
Scots had left behind them on their raid into the Northern 
Counties. 

In his early manhood it is not improbable that Norman, 
who is described as " Dapifer of Guarinus, Minister of the 
Holy Hospital of Jerusalem,'' may have fought in the 
Holy Land as a Crusader, although of this there seems to 
be no direct evidence. In this connection, however, it is 
interesting to record that there may be seen at the church 
of Thornton-in-Lonsdale " two fine linen cloths with the 
Temple of Jerusalem woven thereon," which were be- 
queathed to the church bj' Ralph Redmayne, in 1703. 
These cloths, to which evidentl}- great value was attached, 
may or may not be memorials of some early Redman 
crusader. 

Guarinus, whose "dapifer" Norman was, also presents 
difticulties. I had thought that he was pi'obably William 
de Warren, the third Earl of Surrey, who accompanied 
Louis, King of France, on his expedition against the 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 9 

Saracens, an adventure from which, by the way, he never 
returned ; but a more plausible suggestion perhaps is 
that he was Warinus, of Lancaster, brother of William, 
first Lancaster Baron of Kendal, who was a Crusader and 
who, without any great stretch of probability, might have 
chosen as his dapifer the son of his neighbour Adam 
d'Avranches, of Yealand. 

In these very early years, where records yield such 
scanty evidence, one must of necessity fall back to a 
certain extent on reasoned conjecture ; and before we 
emerge from this nebulous stage into the clear atmosphere 
of established facts it may not be unprofitable to indulge 
in a little speculation as to the connection between the 
families of de Lancaster and Redman. That the con- 
nection of these two neighbouring houses was exception- 
ally close, admits of no question. The Redmans gained 
their first territorial footing in the north through William 
de Lancaster, the first, who, as we have seen, gave lands 
in Yealand and Silverdale to Adam d'Avranches. Later, 
as we shall see, the Redmans were further enriched at 
de Lancaster hands by the manors of Levens and Selside 
and other goodly lands. 

One cannot think that in these olden days, any more 
than now, men were in the habit of giving away land by 
thousands of acres merely out of friendly impulse. Such 
an act argues either a close family tie or some commen- 
surate return. Feudal services from one family would 
scarcely call for the sacrifice of no inconsiderable sections 
of two counties ; one might think such rewards would 
ensure the loyalty of a small arm}' of knights, while the 
rents reserved were little more than the proverbial pepper- 
corn. 

The inference which is irresistibly suggested is that 

c 



■He' 






si 



:ii 









REDMANS OF LEV ENS. n 

these broad acres came to the Redmans through a marriage 
alUance or alhances with the family of de Lancaster ; and 
it seems to me possible that it was the bright eyes and 
rich dower of a de Lancaster heiress that lured Adam of 
Avranches into the north of England and led to his settle- 
ment there. However this may be, on no other than a 
supposition of this kind can one understand the very 
intimate relations between the two families ; but, the 
probability conceded, many circumstances otherwise diffi- 
cult to understand, become intelligible. 

But enough of conjecture, which is often misleading in 
proportion as it is alluring. Norman seems to have 
transferred his duties as dapifer from Guarinus to William 
de Lancaster IL, for when he witnesses a Confirmation 
of lands by William de Lancaster to William, son of 
Roger de Kirkby-Irleth, he is described as Normannus 
Dapifer (Farrer's Lancashire Pipe Rolls, &c., p. 443) ; and 
again as " Norman, the dapifer," he witnesses a grant by 
William to Hugh, the hermit, " pro salute animae meae 
et Helewisiae sponsae meae" (Ex Registro de Cockersand, 
f. 112 ; Monasticon vi., 909). As Norman de Redeman 
(Red^man, by the way, appears to be quite a favourite 
early spelling of the family name, of which we find some- 
thing like a dozen variants) he witnesses the grant by 
Thomas, son of Cospatrick, of five acres of arable land in 
Hailinethait, one toft, pasture for ten cows, and an acre 
of meadow (Cartae Miscell., vol. ii., fo. 2). 

Norman, who, as we have seen, had already inherited 
and acquired large estates adds to them the Manor of 
Tranton (variously called also Tranetherne, Trenterne, 
&c.) granted to him by Stiffinus, son of Dolphin de 
Trimble inear Lowther, in Westmorland). In the grant 
it is described as 



12 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Totam terram de Tranton videlizet, quae propinquior est apud 
villam de Trinbe &c. cum omnibus pertinenciis suis in aquis at in 
agris et in pratis et in pasturis et cum communa pastura de Thrinbe 
. . . reddendo annuatim octo Sollida (sic) pro omnibus serviciis 
&c. 

The witnesses to this grant are Robertus de Morisbe, 
Garnaciusde Huencurte, Adam Morisbe, Huctredus, Alius 
Osulfe, Willelmus de Lovvdar, Willelmus et Thomas . . . 
filius Adam de Morland, Adam Sillcet (Selside) &c. 

We make further acquaintance with these Trantherne 
lands in a Confirmation (1201) to the Church of St. Mary, 
of Kildeholm, " ex dono Normann de Redeman t'ra de 
Tranethern cu omibz ptiii suis." 

" Now what," is the interesting question asked by 
Colonel Parker, of Browsholme Hall, who, I may be 
allowed to say, is beyond comparison the chief living 
authority on Redman history, " could possibly interest 
Norman de Redman in a remote nunnery in a distant 
part of Yorkshire to such an extent that he should help to 
endow it ? He had no Yorkshire lands. Now Nicholas, 
the name of one of Norman's sons, is a Stuteville name 
and the name of the grandson and heir of the founder of 
the nunnery, Robert de Stuteville (temp. Henry I.) Is it 
not a reasonable presumption that Norman married a 
daughter of Robert de Stuteville or of William, his son ? 
The connection of the Stutevilles with Carleton and Drigg 
is interesting in this connection. I find that Hugh de 
Morville, Lord of Kirk Diomed (temp. Henry H.), married 
Hawisia daughter of Nicholas de Stuteville; so, at any 
rate, we have a Redman neighbour closely allied to the 
family." 

That Norman's interest in the Knights Hospitallers 
was a practical one is proved by the fact that he gave of 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 13 

his lands to the support of the Holy Hospital of Jerusalem. 
Some years after his death, we find a confirmation by 
Gernat (e), Minister of the Hospital of Jerusalem, " with 
the common and unanimous consent of the brothers of 
the order," of four acres of land in Levens, to Henry, son 
of Norman, " which we had of the alms of (Norman) the 
Dapifer, his father, ' tenendas de nobis in feodo et 
hereditate, libere et quiete, ab omni seculari servicio quod 
ad (elemosinam) pertinet, reddendo annuatim Domui 
nostrae Xn"* in assumptione beatae (M) Virginis.'" 

At what time and for what reason Norman discarded 
the name of Yealand in favour of that of Redman I have 
been unable to discover. It is clear that he reached man- 
hood a Yealand and that he lived for some time and died 
"de Redman." The change appears to have come towards 
the end of his life, and was probably inspired by the laud- 
able wish to found a family of his own, distinct from that 
of his brother, Roger of Yealand ; and for this purpose he 
identified himself with his Cumberland property and 
elected to be known as " de Redman." How these 
Redman lands came to him is another problem awaiting 
solution. 

Norman probably died circa 1184, while Henry H. was 
still on the throne, and left behind him two sons, both 
under age, (i) Henry, his heir and successor, and (2) 
Nicholas, whose only legacy to posterity is his name. 



CHAPTER III. 



Henry I. Sheriff and Seneschal. 

WITH Henry, Norman's successor, we reach iirmer 
ground, where there are few will-o-the-wisps to 
seduce us from the well-marked track of history ; although 
it is inevitable that in the story of a family covering more 
than seven centuries one must at times encounter gaps 
which the records do not bridge for us. 

When Norman died, comparatively a young man, his 
heir was still in his 'teens, and probably had three or four 
years to wait for the full fruits of his inheritance. At any 
rate he must have reached manhood in 1 187-8 when he 
proffered a mark in order that the Fine levied between 
himself and Ketel, son of Ughtred, concerning the terri- 
tory of Levens in Westmorland, should be inscribed upon 
the Roll of the Curia Regis. By this agreement Ketel 
granted to Henry and his heirs the whole of the Manor of 
Levens, one moiety to be held by the said Henry in his 
demesne, the other to be held by Ketel of the said Henry 
by an equivalent service to that which Henry rendered to 
the chief lord for the same. Levens was parcel of the 
Barony of Kendal, and from that day to the present time 
has continued in two moieties called, respectively. Over 
and Nether Levens. (Farrer"s Lancashire Pipe Rolls, 
p. 71). 

The different transactions relating to Levens at this 
time are not a little confusing ; and it will be well to give 
them in detail. We have, in addition to the Fine above 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 15 

mentioned, the following grant to Henry, by Gilbert Fitz 
Reinfrid, Baron of Kendal and Henry's overlord : — 

Grant of Levens to Henry Redman. 

Sciant tam praesentes (quam faturi quod) ego Gilbertus, filius 
Rogeri, filii Ranfridi, con(cessil et inea praesenti carta confirmavi 
Henrico, filio Nor(manni), Levens per suas rectas divisas, scilicet, 
etc, tenendum de me et haeredibus meis in feodo et heredit- 

ate, libere et quiete etc, in bosco, in piano etc, salva aqua mea de 
Kent, etc, reddendo mihi et haeredibus meis, Henricus et haeredes 
sui, annuatim xvj solidos de firma et quinque solidos et dena- 

rios de cornagio pro omni servicio. Hiis testibus :— Ricardo , 

Adam decano, Gilberto de Lancastre, Radulfo de Arrundell, 
Willelmo , Radulphio de Beethome, Rogero de Beethome, 

Rogero de (Bur)thon, Matheo Garnett, Willelmo de Kellet, Hugone 
de Poplington, Henrico de (I)nsula, Ormo de Irebie, Thoma de 
Torenthorn, Rogero de Kelland (Yelland), (Dav)id de Memecestre, 
Adam Garnett, Adam de Manser, Ricardo de me, Gilberto, 

fratre suo et multis aliis. 

Then there is another grant, recorded by Dodsworth — 
this time of Selside as well as of Levens— by Gilbert Fitz 
Reinfrid to Henry de Redman : — 

Notum sit omnibus, tam presentibns quam futuris, quod ego Gil- 
bertus fil' Rogeri, fil' Reinfredi, concessi et hac presenti carta mea 
confirmavi Henrico de Redman, quod ipse et heredes sui teneant 
Levenes et Selesete (Selside), cum pertinentiis de me et heredibus 
meis in perpetuum. (Dodsworth, MS. 159, fo. 180). 

And finally we have the following grant by Henry to 
Ketel of a moiety of Levens. (Nether Levens.) 

Notum sit omnibus tam futuris quam presentibus quod ego, 
Henricus, filius Normanni de Readmane, concessi et hac carta mea 
confirmavi Ketello, filio Uthrid, medietatem de Levens, exce(ptas ) 
acras, scilicet ( Cros)thwaite et quindecim in Levens conces( ) 
Ketelli modo ut an(tecessores) nostri haereditalis scilicet predictam 



i6 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

medietatem ei et heredibus suis tenendum de me at meis heredibus 
cum omnibus pertinentiis in divisis racionalibus quae pertinent 
praedictcE villae, libere etc, excepto quod ego Henricus et haeredes 
mei habebunt proprios porcos de Yelland quietos de Ketell et haer- 
edibus suis de pannagio in bosco praedictae villae de Levens, et iste 
predictus Ketellus habebit proprios porcos domo Uthred de Kirkabia 
quietos de pannagio in praedicto Bosco etc Reddendo annuatim 
XXX denarios de cornagio etc (et faciundo quod) pertinet ad 
capitalem Dominum salvo forensico servicio. Hiis testibus : (Adam) 
decano Lancastriae, Benedicto Garnet, Mathaeo Gernat, Adam , 
Rogero, parsona de Heversham, Willelnius de Kellett etc. 

The net result of these confusing transactions was to 
place Henrj- de Redman in full possession of Levens, 
(which, as we have seen, was granted to his father), and 
also of Selside, manors which were to remain in Redman 
hands for several centuries. 

Some years before Henry entered on his patrimony his 
matrimonial fate was taken into the capable hands of a 
local cleric, " Adam, the Dean," who, in 1184, when the 
prospective bridegroom was still in his teens, proffered 
one hundred shillings for permission to marry his daughter, 
who "was in the King's gift, to the son of Norman de 
Redman (Farrer's Lancashire Pipe Rolls, p. 52). This 
transaction would probably take place shortly after the 
death of Henry's father, Norman. It has been thought 
that this Adam, who proposed to become Henry's father- 
in-law, was Adam, dean of Kirkham, whose name appears so 
frequently on the Pipe Rolls and as a witness to charters; 
but there can be little, if any, doubt that he was Adam, 
Dean of Lancaster. 

" I am quite satisfied," Mr. Farrer writes to me, " that 
Henry de Redman married a daughter of Adam, Dean of 
Lancaster, and through her had Lupton and probably some 
other lands." He thus reviews the different evidences : — 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 17 

(i.) Adam, the Dean, proffers 40 marks for ward of his nephew, 
with i carucate of land, and for his mother's marriage, Mich 1182. 
(Pipe Rolls, p. 47). 

(3.) Adam, the Dean, proffers loo^ that he might marry his 
daughter, who was of the King's donation, to the son of Norman de 
Redman, Mich 1184. (p. 52). 

(3.) Adam de Lancaster proffers 10" for ward of land and heir of 
Richard, son of Waldieve, by pledge of Benedict Gernet (Chief 
Forester of Lanes.) Mich iigS. (p. 102). 

This I beheve to have been the thanage estate of Tatham and 
Ireby. 

(4.) Henry de Redman renders 2 marks to the aid of scutage of 
King John for an estate held in thanage. 

(5.) Adam, the Dean, 2 m. for the same, Mich 1202. (p. 152). 

This, I think, refers to Tatham and Ireby. Vide notes, pp. 
157-8. 

(6.) Henry de Rademan proffers 40 m. for ward of land and heir 
of Roger de Heton, and to have the marriage of the same heir to his 
own daughter. Mich 1206. (204). 

Adam de Kirkham, decanus, pp. 347, 361, 366, 402, 409, and 
439- 

I think there can be no doubt that there were two Adams, both 
Deans, one of Kirkham or Amounderness, the other of Lancaster or 
Lonsdale. 

(The references are to Mr. Farrer's Lancashire Pipe 
Rolls.) 

Mr. Farrer, whose opinion on such a point is of the 
highest value, identifies this Adam, Dean of Lancaster, as 
a son of Waldeve, Lord of Ulverston, and thus brother of 
Augustine, from whom the line of Heaton sprang ; and of 
Richard, founder of the family of Tatham ; both families 
of considerable importance and interest. The following 
pedigree, supplied by Mr. Farrer, will explain these re- 
lationships : — 



i8 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 



VValdeve of Ulverston. 



ACGI 


ISTINE 


1 

Adam, 


William de 


Richard de= 


DE HeATON. 


Dean of 


Tatham, 


Tatham 


dau. of 






Lancaster. 


held Hawthorn- 


{Pipe, p. 45) 


Williair 








thwayt of Adam, 


ob. 1 198 


son of 








son of Waldeve, 


(p. 102). 


Adam 








Ob. s.p. 




(Testa) 






Dadghter= 


= Henry de 
Redman. 


William de 
Tatham, 
claimed his 
lands, 7 John 
(Fines Roll). 


A quo 






1 


DkH 


EATON. 


De Redman. 


De Tatham. 



This pedigree, wliich is most interesting and valuable, 
disposes of the myster}' of the following grant for lights 
by Henry to the Abbey of Furness which has probably 
puzzled every student of Redman history. 

Henricus Redman, concessu uxoris suae et haeredum suorum dat 
nobis redditum iiis annuatim ad luminaria in ecclesia abbatiae nos- 
trae, scilicet ii. s. quos W(il!elmus) Alius Wa(l)thevi, avunculi mei, 
mihi reddit pro terra de Herthornthwaite, quae fuit Adae, avunculi 
mei, scil: xii. d. ad Pasca et xii. d. ad festum S. Michaelis et xii. d. 
quos Gamellus, Alius Levin, reddit mihi pro terra de Middlethwayt. 
(Furness Coucher Book. — Chethain Society. Vol. ii., p. 509). 



The William, son of Waldeve, of this grant would thus 
be William de Tatham, son of Waldeve of Ulverston, and 
" Adam, my uncle," could be none other than Henry's 
father-in-law, the Dean. To understand these identifica- 
tions it is important to remember that " avunculus " was 
a term of wide application, covering, as Mr. Farrer informs 
me, " almost any relation of a man's mother, or who came 
through his mother. It may be mother's uncle or step- 
father &c ; and I think it is used by a man of his wife's 
uncles or his father-in-law " — a most serviceable kind of 
word indeed. 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 19 

The records are full of evidences of Henry de Redman's 
varied activities, as Seneschal of Kendal, as Co-Sheriff of 
Yorkshire, as soldier, and in the many duties that would 
naturally fall to a man of his position. Unfortunately the 
dates of many of these evidences are not available ; so 
that it is impossible to make the record of Henry's doings 
reliably consecutive. 

Henry witnessed a grant by Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid and 
his wife, Helwise, to the Church of the Holy Trinity of 
Kirkby-in-Kendal ; and, as a witness to Gilbert's grant of 
Coneswic, he appears as " Henrico de Redman, his 
(temporibus) senescallo." He was also a witness, with 
his son Matthew, to a grant by Gilbert, son of Robert, to 
the Hospital of St. Peter, at York (Hist. MSS. Com- 
mission. Rep. 10. Pt. 4. Levens Hall Papers) ; and to 
Robert de Veteripont's grant to the Abbey of Shap, in 
1212 [Btmt and Nicolson, vol. i., p. 203). 

He makes frequent appearances on the Lancashire Pipe 
Rolls and Charters, a few of which may perhaps be 
given. The references are to Mr. Farrer's volume. He 
pays 20 marks, in 1198-g, for the custody of the land and 
heir of William de Kelled (p. 107) ; in 1205-6 he proffers 
40 marks for the custody of the land and heir of Roger de 
Heton, and for having the marriage of the said heir to his 
daughter (p. 204) ; and in 1211-13 he gives a third part of 
10 marks for having a writ for his debt against Helwise 
de Estutevill, widow (i) of William de Lancaster H., and 
(2) of Hugh de Morvill (p. 247). 

" Henricusde Radman, Seneschal of Kendal," is among 
the witnesses to the confirmation by Honorius, Archdeacon 
of Richmond, to the Canons of Conishead, of the Church 
of Ulverston (p. 365) ; to a release, in 1205, by Hugh 
Bussel to Roger, Constable of Chester, of the Barony of 



20 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Penwortham (pp. 379-80) ; to a release by Robert Bussel 
to Roger de Lacy, Constable of Chester, of the same 
Barony (p. 381) ; to a grant by Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid to 
Reiner de Stiveton of the land of Medlar &c (pp. 441-2) ; 
and to several other agreements and grants. 

We get a glimpse of Henry in his Judicial character in 
connection with the release by Matilda, daughter of Elias 
de Stiveton, to Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid of estates which 
Matilda had mortgaged to him. " The Transaction," 
Mr. Farrer says, " took place in Gilbert's Baronial Court 
of Kirkby Kendal, before Henry de Redman, the Seneschal, 
and the suitors of the Court, viz : — Lambert de Bussey, 
lord of Lambrigg ; Adam, son of Roger, lord of Yealand ; 
Gilbert de Lancaster ; William de Windsore ; William, 
son of Waldeve, lord of Tatham &c, and others." 

Henry, like most of the members of his family, was a 
man of practical piety and figures as a benefactor of the 
religious houses. We have already seen that he gave 
lands for lights to Furness Abbey. In iigg he granted a 
moiety of Silverdale with fishing and other rights to the 
Canons of Cartmel (Rot. Chart, in Turr. Lond. Asservati). 
To the Abbey of Shap he gave lands in Lupton : — 

Sciant omnes quod ego, Henricus de Rademan, dedi domui S'cae 
Marie Magdalene de Hepp, et Abbati et canonicis ibidem Deo ser- 
vientibus, pro salute animae meae, et uxoris meae, et omnium ante- 
cessorum meorum, in puram et perpetuam eleemosinam quandam 
partem terrae meae in Villa de Lupton. (Dods. MS. 159.) 

And in conjunction with Matthew, his son, he confirmed 
a gift to the monks of Byland (Hist. MSS. Comm. Rep. 
10. pt. 4) ; while in 1200 he confirmed his father's gift of 
" Tranetherne " to the church of St. Mary, of Kildeholm. 
The Fuyness Couchcr Book (Chetham Society, vol. ii., p. 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 21 

453) contains a record of an amicable settlement between 
the Convent and Sir Henry de Redman, " miles," con- 
cerning certain lands belonging to the Church at Urswick 
negociated by John, Abbot of Caldre. (Burn gives 1212 
as the date of this settlement.) This, so far as I have 
been able to discover, is the only occasion on which Henry 
is described as a knight. 

These records are prosaic enough, dealing as they do 
with the commonplace acts of any man in Henry de Red- 
man's position ; but there was at least one stimulating 
epoch of his life, in which we find him taking an active 
part in concerns of historical importance ; but before 
dealing with it, it may be well to devote a few lines to 
Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid with whose life that of Henry seems 
to have been closely linked. 

Gilbert was a man of great wealth and importance in 
his day. The son of Roger Fitz Reinfrid, justicier and 
sheriff for Sussex and Berkshire, and of Rohaise, his wife, 
niece of the powerful Ranulph, Earl of Chester, and 
great-great-niece of the Conqueror, Gilbert started life 
under excellent auspices; and he crowned the good fortune 
of his birth by wedding the only daughter and heiress 
(Helwise) of William of Lancaster H, Baron of Kendal, 
becoming possessor through his wife of vast properties in 
Westmorland and Lancashire. To these possessions, a 
small kingdom in themselves, Richard I, soon after he 
came to his Throne, added " the whole forest of Westmor- 
land, Kendal and Furness, to hold to him and his heirs, 
as fully and freely as William de Lancaster and Nigel de 
Albini had held the same." 

On the death of his father-in-law in 1184, Gilbert 
succeeded him in the Barony of Kendal ; and from this 
point in his career became constantly and closely asso- 



22 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

dated with Henry de Redman. It has been seriously 
stated that Gilbert married Helen, the only daughter and 
heiress of William de Redman, and that King Richard 1. 
had a finger in this matrimonial pie (Jones's History of 
Harewood, p. 40.) But as the Records not only refuse 
to disclose any such person as William de Redman in 
these early days or to lend any assent to this wedding, we 
must conclude that, if Helwise de Lancaster had a suc- 
cessor (or predecessor) in Gilbert's affection she was not 
this nebulous Helen, daughter of a non-existent William. 
Jones was a man of excellent intentions ; but he has com- 
mitted many sins of misrepresentation against dead and 
gone Redmans, and this is one of them. 

According to Dodsworth, Fitz Reinfrid and Henry de 
Redman were joint-Sheriffs of Yorkshire from 12 to 16 
John (Gilbert was also Sheriff of Lancashire and West- 
morland and Gustos of the Bishopric of Durham) ; and 
thus were closely connected officially in the year of their 
joint disaster. There can be little doubt that both Gilbert 
and Henry were in sympathy with the Barons who, on 
that June day, in 12 15, compelled their treacherous and 
shifty sovereign to sign the Great Charter on the field of 
Runnymede ; and it is certain that they were among the 
Barons on whom John so adroitly, if dishonourably turned 
the tables a few months later. 

It will be remembered that almost before the ink of his 
signature was dry, John set to work to repudiate his act. 
He whined to the Pope and induced him to issue a bull 
annulling and abrogating the Charter, and at the same 
time he enlisted foreign mercenaries by the thousand to 
wreak his vengeance on his subjects. The Barons, who 
might have known their King better from previous ex- 
perience, were caught napping, and one hundred and 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 23 

eighty of them with their retainers were trapped in Roches- 
ter Castle and compelled by hunger to surrender. 

John's " bag" was rich enough to gratify even his greed 
of revenge ; for among his prisoners were William de 
Albini, the finest soldier among the rebellious Barons and 
the soul and centre of their cause, Gilbert's son, William 
de Lancaster, and many another knight whose ransom 
was a fortune in itself. William de Albini, William de 
Lancaster, William de Avranches, Osbert Giffard, Alexan- 
der de Pointon, Alan de Multon and others were delivered 
into the safe keeping of Peter de Maulay ; Roger de Ley- 
burn and Simon Fitz Simon were among the prisoners 
entrusted to the custody of John Marshal ; and Henry de 
Redman, Michael de Fossa and Robert Fitz Geoffrey 
went to the keeping of Robert de Courtney. 

This was an exceedingly bad business for our two 
Sheriffs. Fitz Reinfrid recovered the Royal favour and 
the release of his son, with that of his knights, Ralph de 
Aincourt and Lambert de Busay, by payment of a fine of 
12,000 marks, an enormous sum in those days, and in its 
amount a striking evidence of his exceptional wealth. 
And he was also compelled to provide hostages for the 
future loyalty of himself and of William, his son. These 
hostages were Benedict, Henry de Redman's son and heir; 
the heir of Roger de Kirkby (Gilbert's son-in-law) ; the son 
and heir of William de Wyndesore, who had married 
Gilbert's niece; the daughter and heir of Ralph d'Ein- 
court ; the daughter or son and heir of Roger de Burton ; 
the daughter and heir of Adam de Yeland ; the son or 
daughter of Thomas de Bethun ; the son or daughter and 
heir of Walter de Strickland, who is said to have wed 
Christina, Gilbert's sister {Sizergh Castle, by Lady Edeline 
Strickland, Gen. Notes) ; the daughter of Richard de 



24 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Coupland ; and the son of Gilbert de Lancastre. (Rot. 
Finium, Pt. I., m. 6). Rymer gives the date of this as in 
August, 1215. 

It will be seen that of these youthful pledges, the cream 
of the rising generation in Gilbert's district, four at least 
were of his own family — his grandson, his great-nephew, 
his nephew and the son of Gilbert de Lancaster. It is 
interesting to note that Benedict Redman comes first in a 
list which appears to be arranged partly in order of 
nearness-of-kin to Gilbert ; a fact which might suggest a 
closer connection between Gilbert and the Redmans than 
is capable of proof. There may be nothing whatever in 
this precedence of Benedict Redman over Gilbert's own 
grandchild among pledges whose importance was gauged 
by the nearness in blood to the man who provides them, 
but at least it is material for the speculative. 

Henry seems to have spent the Christmas of the Great 
Charter year as a prisoner ; for on 12th December, 1215, 
Robert de Courtenay is ordered to keep Henry de Redman 
and others in safe custody (Rot. Lit. Claus. Turr. Lon.) ; 
and, whenever he recovered his freedom, it was not until 
John had given place to Henry III. that Henry was in 
possession of his lands again. In 1217 the Sheriffs of 
Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire were directed 
to restore Henry to his possessions. 

This misadventure at Rochester Castle appears to have 
brought Henry's prominent activities to a close. In fact 
he only makes one later appearance of any interest in the 
Records, — in 1220, on a list of Inquisitors for Lancashire, 
in company with Michael de Furness and others (Pat. 
Rolls. 4, Henry III.). He held no public office after 
1217, his loyalty possibly being somewhat under suspicion ; 
and the closing years of his life were spent in quietness 
and a discreet obscurity. 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 25 

Henry had at least three sons, in addition to Matthew, 
his successor : — 

(i) Benedict, Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid's hostage, of whom 
nothing more appears to be known, and who probably 
died during his father's Hfetime. 

(2) Norman. (3) Thomas. 

Norman, like his elder brother, Benedict, had to play 
the unpleasant role of hostage, and seems to have had a 
particularly unhappy experience of it. In Rot. Lit. Claus 
6, Henry III. (16 May, i222\ I find the following : — 

The King to Philip, the Marshall, Greeting. 
It has been represented to us by our dear and faithful brother, 
William of Lancaster, that in the time of King John, our father, in 
his rebellion he brought forth with him from his district Norman, 
son of Henry de Redeman, Richard, son of Roger de Kirkeby, and 
the son of William de Windsor, to place them as hostages for his 
redemption, you, when returning towards those parts took the same 
three and up to the present have detained them according to your 
will at Nottingham. Wherefore we command you, if it be so, that 
you causo the said three sons of the aforesaid Henry, Roger and 
William to be liberated without delay. 

Norman must have died before 1247, in which 3'ear his 
brother, Thomas, made the following confirmation to the 
Abbey of Shap : — 

Thomas, soi; of Henry de Redeman, for the health of his soul and 
of the souls of his father and mother and ancestors and posterity, 
confirms to the said Abbey of Shap, two oxgangs of land in the vill 
of Apelby, which Norman, his brother, bequeathed with his body to 
the said Abbey, which said lands Norman had by the gift of John de 
Veteripont, and into which he, the said Thomas, after the death of 
Norman, had entry as next heir, rendering for the same to him, the 
said Thomas, his heirs and assigns, three barbed arrows, one penny 
yearly at the feast of St. Lawrence, and doing for the same foreign 
service. (Machel— from the evidences at Helbeck.) 



26 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Thomas, son of Henry, was the founder of a branch of 
the family identified with Cumberland ; the lands at 
Redman in which county seem to have fallen to him. His 
son, Norman, increased the family stake in the county by 
winning for wife Matilda, a daughter and co-heiress of 
Camberton, whose sister and co-heiress. Jennet, found a 
husband in Thomas de Culwen. Matilda brought to 
Norman as dower half of the manor of Camberton, and a 
quarter of the manor of Graysouthen, in addition to lands 
in Workington and Waverton, estates which were the 
cause of family dissension after his death. 

Matilda, when Norman was no more, became wife to 
one William de Bretby, who in 1301, after her death, 
claimed from his stepson, Thomas de Redman, Jennet 
(Matilda's sister), late wife of Thomas de Culwen, John 
Redman, William, son of Waldeve de Redman and others, 
a moiety of the manor of Camberton, and a quarter of the 
manor of " Greysuthen," which Matilda on her marriage 
had settled on him for life. William made his claim 
good and recovered the lands. Norman was living on 
6th June, 1277 (a.r. 1235) ; and his widow was wife of 
William de Bretby on 2nd September, 1295, and was 
dead before 4th January, 1300- 1, the date of the above 
claim. 

Six years later (1307) we find Norman's and Matilda's 
son, Thomas, appearing as next heir to one Alan de 
Camberton, his mother's kinsman, as evidenced by the 
following Inquisition, 35 Ed. I., No. 143 : — 

Mary, who was the wife of Alan de Camberton deceased, concerning 
the lands which she held in dower, on the day on which she joined 
the Scots, the King's enemies, of the inheritance of Thomas de 
Redman and John le Venour, cousins and heirs of the aforesaid 
Alan. 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 27 

The jurors say, upon their oath, that the said Mary on the day on 
which she joined the Scots, held in dower of the inheritance of the 
aforesaid Alan, formerly her husband, a third part of two carucates 
of land, with the appurtenances, in Camberton, &c., and that the 
aforesaid Mary died at Frerton, in the county of Fife, in Scotland, 
about the feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist, in the 32nd 
year of the reign of the King that now is, &c., and they say that the 
aforesaid Thomas de Redman and John le Venour are the next 
heirs of the said Alan. (Roberts' Calend. Genial., ii., 745.) 

It was probably the same Thomas who was a juror on 
the Inquisition post mortem of Thomas de Derwentvvater 
made at " Assepatrick " in Cumberland on May 15th, 
1303 (Inquisition post mortem, 31 Ed. I., n. 15). In 
1319 a Thomas de Redman was appointed one of the 
collectors of the scutage of 34 Ed. I. in the county of 
Cumberland in the place of Will= de Mulcaster (deceased). 
Commission tested at York, 24th May, 12 Ed. II. (Fine 
Roll, 12 Ed. II., m. 3.) 

Five years later, in 1324, Thomas de Redemane, man- 
at-arms, was returned by the sheriff of the county of 
Cumberland, pursuant to writ tested at Westminster, gth 
May, as summoned, &c., to attend the great Council, 
&c., 17 Ed. II.; and in the same year we find Thomas 
Redman unable to act as collector of the scutage on 
account of illness, and another (Alexander de Basten- 
thwayt or John de Skelton) appointed in his place by 
Commission tested at Westminster, 22nd May. (Fine 
Roll, 17 Ed. II., m. 4.) 

Henry died circa 1225, at about the age of sixty, seized 
of Levens, a moiety of Yealand, of Lupton and Redman, 
and possibly of lands in Overton and elsewhere. He was 
succeeded by his son Matthew, whose age at the time of 
his accession would be approximately thirty-five. 



28 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Among man}' interesting charters preserved at Levens 
is one of i Richard I. (renewed lo Richard I.) exempting 
Gilbert Fitz Reinfrid and his heirs from noutegeld (or 
cornage rent) " throughout all his lands of Westmerland 
and Kendale, and from suit to the shire, hundred or tri- 
thing courts and from aid to the sheriff or his bailiffs." 
This charter of which, through the courtesy of Colonel 
Bagot, I am enabled to give a reproduction, dates from 
Henry de Redman's time and was probably in his 
possession. It is still in good preservation, more than 
seven centuries later, and runs thus: — 

Ricardus Dei gratia etc. Sciatis nos concessisse et dedisse et pre- 
senti charta confirmasse Gilberto, filio Rogeri, iilii Reinfredi, et 
heredibus suis post eum, quietantiam per totam terram suam de 
Westmerland et de Kendale, de noutegeld, scilicet de 14' i5s 3d, qu' 
ipse Gilbertus solebat reddere per annum pro noutegeld de prefata 
terra. Concessimus etiam eidem Gilberto et heredibus suis quietan- 
tiam per totam prefatam terram suam, de schiris, et de wapentac', 
et de trithinga, et de auxiliis vicecomitum, et omnium ballivorum 
suorum, etc. Teste Willelmo comite Arundel (et multis aliis.) 









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CHARTER OF i RIC. I. EXEMPTING THE LORDS OF LEVKNS FROM PAYMENT OF NOUTGFLD. TO FACE p. 2S. 



CHAPTER IV. 



Sir Matthew I., Sheriff of Lancashire, and 
Henry II. 

HENRY'S second son and heir, Matthew, who was the 
first of seven Redman knights bearing that name 
and linking the twelfth with the seventeenth century, was 
probably born about iigo, three years after his father 
came into possession of Levens, Yealand, Silverdale and 
the other family lands. 

He would thus be a boy of nine when John came to his 
throne, and would spend his boyhood and 3'outh amid 
the constant alarms, the seething discontent and appeals 
to arms which marked the reign of that weak-kneed 
monarch. At the crowning time of family trouble, when 
his father was taken prisoner at Rochester Castle and his 
elder brother. Benedick, had to leave his home as hostage 
for Fitz Reinfrid's good behaviour, Matthew would have 
reached man's estate and had not improbably made his 
d6but on the battlefield. His lot, however, fell in more 
peaceful times than that of his father ; and his days appear 
to have been mostly spent in discharging his duties as 
sheriff and seneschal, and in the peaceful pursuits of a 
country gentleman of the time. 

In 1229, a few years after he succeeded to his inherit- 
ance, Matthew, in company with Richard de Copland, 
"William de Yeland and Roger Gernet, was appointed a 
justice " for taking the assize of novel disseisin at Lancas- 
ter on the Thursday before the purification of the Blessed 



30 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Mary against the Abbot of Leicester concerning a tenement 
in Cokersand " (Cal. Pat. Rolls, Hy. III. 1225-32). He 
was probably the Matthew de Redman who, with Walter 
de Strickland and Alan le Boteiler, witnessed a grant by 
Thomas de Hastings to the Hospital of St. Peter at York. 
He was among the witnesses to the confirmation by 
William de Lancaster, the third, of a grant of lands in 
Furness to Alexander de Kirkby (Farrer's Pipe Rolls, 
pp. 442-3) ; to a grant in 1247 by Ralph de Ainecurt to 
Roger Pepin, a parson of Kirkby in Kendal, of land in 
Nateliint (MS. Dods. 149 fo. 142 — " Natland Box ") ; and 
again, in his capacity as Seneschal of Kendal, to a deed 
of confirmation to Patric, son of Gospatric, by the third 
William de Lancaster (Burn). 

In 1242 a fine was passed between Matthew de Redman, 
son and heir of Henry de Redman, and William de Lan- 
caster, the third (Dods. MS. 159 fo. 180) ; and in the 
same year he was a tenant of the Barony of William de 
Lancaster for lands in Yealand, holding with Robert de 
Coniers one-eighth of a knight's fee (Testa de Nevill, pp. 
398-9)- 

In 1243 Matthew " appeared on the fourth day against 
William de Lancaster in a plea to hold the fine levied in 
the Court of the King, before the Justices itinerant at 
Lancaster, between him, the said Matthew, complainant, 
and the said William, impedient., concerning the manors 
of Levenes, Skelesbolt (? Skelsmere), Quenefeld (Whinfell) 
and Lupton, with app'. whereof a cyrograph was made. 
William did not appear, and he was attached by Ralph de 
Ayncurt, and Richard de Heysham. Therefore, because 
the fine was of recent date the sheriff was commanded to 
distrain the said William by his lands to appear at three 
weeks from Trinity." (C. R. Roll No. 128. m. 2 dorso.) 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 31 

In 1245 Matthew was appointed sheriff of Lancashire, 
holding the office with William de Lancaster ; in the two 
following years he served alone ; and in 1248 he had for 
colleague Robert Latham (Baines i. 58). 

In 1246 he was concerned (with Robert de Coniers and 
Alice, his wife and Matthew's kinswoman) in a dispute 
with Thomas de Betham about common of pasture in 
Levens ; and a similar dispute is revealed in C. R. Roll 
64. m. I. dorso — Thomas de Bethum versus Adam de 
Yeland and Matthew de Redman in a plea to shew by 
what right they claimed common-right, by Walter, son of 
Robert, pledged to sue at fifteen days after Easter. 

These are all trivial incidents enough in the life of a 
doughty knight, who would have figured more appropri- 
ately on the field of battle than in witnessing signatures 
and squabbling in law-courts ; but they are landmarks, 
however insignificant, and must serve where more stimu- 
lating records are absent. 

The following petition gives one a vivid glimpse of the 
perilous times in which Sir Matthew lived, when almost 
every day brought a fresh alarm, if it did not, as in this 
case, actually bring disaster. The petition is by the second 
Matthew, who explains that when his grandfather (Mat- 
thew, the first) was one of the King's coroners in the 
county of Lancaster, the Scots came to his manor of 
Yealand Redmane and took from him all his goods and 
chattels, as well as the Rolls of his office of coroner, and 
committed Yealand Redmane and all the country to the 
flames. The petitioner expresses the pious aspiration that 
the King will not be incommoded at the time of the Eyres 
by the loss of these stolen Rolls, and assures him that 
his grandfather, the coroner, was not to blame in the 
matter. 



32 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

A nre seinr le Roi et a soun counseil prie soun liege vadlet Maheu 
de Redmane si lui plest que come Mons Maheu de Redmane son 
Ael que dieux assoille qi heir fut un des coroners le Roi en le 
comite de Lancastr graunt temps dedens quen temps les Escos 
venierunt en le dit comite de Lancastr ces est — au manor de Yeland 
Redmane qe fut au dit Mons Maheu et qe est en Lonesdale en le dit 
comite, pristerunt de lui toutz ses biens et chatteuz ensemblement 
oue toutz les Roules tochanz I'office de Coronner et arderunt la dite 
ville et tout le pays entour parquoi le dit Maheu prie la grace nre 
seignr le Roi qil ne soit empeche en temps de Heyr pur les Roules 
avantdits desicome tout le pays set le mischief et qe la defaute qe 
les Rules furent perdutz ne fut la defaute de Coronner. (Ancient 
Petitions, Bundle 136, No. 6799.) 

In connection with this Petition Colonel Parker writes 
(Lancashire Assize Rolls, Pt. i., p. 10 of Introduction) : — 
" As Matthew Redman, the grandfather, died before 1254 
and Henry, his son and successor, lived until the autumn 
of 1278, the absence of the coroner's Rolls seems to have 
passed unheeded for many years, and the Justices in Eyre 
during that period must have overlooked them. In 1292, 
however, the Justices held a very strict enquiry into every 
detail connected with the county and to this we probably 
owe the above petition." 

Perhaps the most interesting event in Matthew's life to 
the student of Redman history was his marriage to 
Amabel, who brought as dower lands in Dreg and Carle- 
ton in Cumberland, which, with her assent, he gave to 
Furness Abbey. " Ego Matheus de Redman, voluntati et 
assensu Amabilie uxoris mee, dedi Deo et beatae Marie de 
Furnesia, terram meam de Dreg et de Karlton, quam 
accepi in liberum maritagium cum prefata Amabilia, 
sponsa mea." (Beck's Annates Furnesienses Lxxx.) 

In Farrer's Lancashire Fines, Pt. i., pp. 71-2, I find the 
following fine : — At Lancaster, on the morrow of the 
Ascension of Our Lord, 19 Henry III (i8th May, 1235). 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 33 

Between Robert, Abbot of Furneys, plaintiff, and Mat- 
thew de Redman and Amabel, his wife, impedients, re- 
specting the fourth part of the manors of Carleton and 
Dreg, with the appurtenances. A plea of warranty of 
charter had been summoned between them. Matthew 
and Amabel acknowledged the fourth part of these manors 
to be the right of the abbot, and of his church of ffurneys, 
as that which he and his church have of their gift ; to 
hold to him and his successors, and to his church in per- 
petuity, performing to the chief lords of that fee for 
Matthew and Amabel, and Amabel's heirs, forinsec service 
belonging to that fourth part, for all service and exaction. 
And Matthew and Amabel and the heirs of Amabel will 
warrant the said fourth part to the Abbot and his suc- 
cessors, and to his church, by the said service. For this 
acknowledgment the Abbot gave them forty marks of 
silver. 

Who was Amabel ? This is a question which provides 
ample scope for interesting speculation and divergent 
opinion. Mr. Farrer, who speaks on such matters with 
authority, says in a note on page 72 of his Lancashire Fines, 
Part i. : — " I have not been able to discover the parentage 
of Amabel. These manors (Carleton and Dreg) were 
members of the Stutevill fee in Cumberland, which Joan, 
daughter and co-heiress of Nicholas de Stutevill, lord of 
Liddel, conveyed by marriage to Hugh Wake. Amabel 
was probably a Greystock or a Harrington, as these 
families had held the two manors between them temp. 
Henry HI. and Edward I." 

According to John Denton, " William, the son of 
Thomas de Graystoke and the Lady Adingham in Four- 
ness, in the tenth year of Edward I. (1282) held a knight's 
fee between them in Dregg ; and in the twenty-ninth 

F 



34 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Edward I. (1301) the Abbot of Caldre, Patrick Culwen, 
and the Lady Margaret Multon held Dregg of John de 
Graystock, and of John, the son of Robert Harrington, 
and they over of John Wake." 

Here then we have, if we accept Denton's authority, 
lands in Drigg (to use its modern name) and Carleton in 
the hands of both Greystokes and Harringtons, but in 
both cases at a time when both Matthew and Amabel had 
long been dead. It is probable, however, that the Grey- 
stoke interest in these manors was of a much earlier date 
than that assigned by Denton. William de Greystoke 
(son of Ranulf), who died in 1209, wed Helwise de Stute- 
ville, the only alliance between these two great north- 
country families ; and it is not improbable that it was this 
union that brought Stuteville lands into the family of 
Greystoke. It is suggestive, too, to note, since we are 
endeavouring to discover Amabel Redman's identity, that 
William de Greystoke who married Helwise de Stuteville, 
was the son of an Amabel, and was not unhkely to give 
this name to a daughter. The following pedigree will 
perhaps make this point more clear : — 



William de Grevstoke= Helwise de Stuteville. 
d. in 1209. I 



(Article on the Greystokes by the Rev. James Wilson, 
M.A., in the Ancestor, vol. vi.). 

It is thus quite conceivable that Amabel, wife of Mat- 
thew de Redman, was a daughter of William de Greystoke 
and Helwise ; in which case both the name and the 
dower-lands would be intelligible. 



11S9524 

REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 35 

If she were a Stuteville (and after much thought on the 
subject my own speculation leans strongly to the Grey- 
stoke identification) she was probably a daughter of 
Nicholas de Stuteville, and aunt of Joan who married 
Hugh le Wake, of Blisworth, and from whom the " Fair 
Maid of Kent " and her son, King Richard II., directly 
deJived their descent. 

Which of these two suggested identifications is correct 
is a point which will possibly never be satisfactorily 
decided ; but that Amabel was either a Greystoke or a 
Stuteville seems reasonably certain. 

Amabel outlived her husband, and after her death had 
a legal dispute with Henry de Redman, Matthew's heir. 
There is a petition by Amabel (the date of which is not 
given) to have a special Court to take the Assize of Novel 
disseisin, brought by her against Henry de Redman, 
Roger de Cornthwa3't and others concerning tenements in 
Yeland. Amabel describes herself as " Amabel q fu la 
femme maheu de Redman gest du Comtee de Westm"*," 
which had lately been burnt and destroyed by the Scots, 
so that she cannot live there ; and because the Justices of 
Assize so rarely come to those parts, she asks for a special 
Court, to consist of Edmund de Nevill, Adam de Skelton, 
Gilbert de Syngelton, and Robert de Shyreburne, " ou 
deux de eux." 

Matthew appears to have died during his period of office 
as Sheriff in 1248, or very soon after — at least before 
Ascension Day, 1254, when his son Henry appears as 
owner of Levens. He had four sons and two daughters 
at least : — Henry, his heir ; Ingram and Randle, who 
occur in 1254 as sons of Matthew de Redman ; Nicholas, 
who appears in 1277-8 in a suit with the Abbot of Cocker- 
sand ; and Juliana and Agnes, who also occur in 1254. 



36 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

His arms appear in the Roll of Henry HI., known as 

Glover's Roll (1243-6), — de goules trois horeilers 

(aishions) d'or. 



Henry II. 

Of the second Henry the Records tell us little. He ap- 
pears to have led a singularly retired and uneventful life, 
in striking contrast to the Redmans who came before and 
after him. In 1267 — at least thirteen and possibly nine- 
teen years after his father's death— he received a grant of 
free warren in Levens, Yealand, and Trenterne. 

Rex concessit Henrico de Redman liberam warennam in omnibus 
dominicis terris de Lyvenes, Yeland et Trenterne in Com' Lane' at 
Westm'land. (Dodsworth MSS. 159 f. 181). 

In the same year (12th June, 1267) he received an 
exceptional mark of favour from Henry III., in whose 
" good books " he must have been, in the form of an 
exemption from the duty of serving on assizes, juries, &c., 
and of filling the offices of sheriff, coroner, eschaetor, &c., 
for life. (Patent Roll, 51 Hen. III., m. 15.) This 
exemption from holding prominent public offices no doubt 
accounts for Henry's rare appearances in the records of 
his time. 

He was probably but a child when the headship of his 
family fell to him, and though he certainly held it for 
more than twenty years, there is little to record of him 
beyond the facts that he lived, married, and died. In the 
last year of his hfe he was a defendant, on June 22nd, 
1278, in a case at Appleby Assizes ; and on the 22nd of the 
following September his case against Roger de Lancaster 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 37 

was struck out because he was then dead, " eo quod pre- 
dictus Henricus obiit " (Assize Roll, 1238 m. 13). 

That he had a son and heir, Matthew, is conclusively 
proved, as will be seen later under Sir Matthew II. ; and 
it is probable that he had also another son, Henry, for in 
1300 we find among the benefactors of Cockersand Abbey 
the name of " Henry, son of Henry de Redman" (MSS. 
of W. C. Strickland, Esq., of Sizergh). It may be the 
same Henry who appears on the roll of Humphrey de 
Bohun, Earl of Essex and Hereford, containing the 
proffers of military service made at Carlisle : — 

Dominus Johannes, Baro de Greystock, recognovit et offert ser- 
vicium duorum foederum militum et dimidium, fac' per Henricum 
Redman, Ad' de Colewell &c cum v equis co-opertis. (Palgrave's 
Documents Illustrating the Affairs of Scotland, p. 209.) 



38 



CHAPTER V. 



Sir Matthew II., Warden and Sheriff of Dumfries. 

THE second Sir Matthew Redman, Henry's successor, 
was evidently a man of more enterprise and activity 
than his father. Like all of his stock he dearly loved the 
clash of arms ; but while indulging his passion for hard 
blows he did not neglect the more peaceful obligations of 
his position. As Knight of the Shire for three counties 
he was constantly turning his back on the Borderland, and 
riding south to Westminster ; and he was zealous in the 
discharge of his varied duties as magistrate, and Com- 
missioner for one purpose or another. 

Sir Matthew must have succeeded to his inheritance 
when quite a child. For in 1292 a Westmorland Jury 
found that he had a whole knight's fee, and that although 
he was of full age he still remained unknighted ; and so 
Matthew had to pay a 20= fine for his negligence. As it 
is not likely that he would be allowed much margin after 
reaching his majority before the question of knighthood 
would be raised, it is fair to conclude that when his father 
died in 1278 Matthew had not reached his teens and was 
probably not more than eight years of age. In fact, if we 
put down the date of his birth as 1270 we shall not be 
far wrong. 

In 1291 Sir Matthew, who was now of age, was called 
upon to answer the King " by what warrant he claimed to 
have free warren in Levens, Yealand, and Trenterne " ; 
whereupon he produced the grant made to his father by 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 39 

Henry III. in 1267, " by which the King granted to 
Henry de Redman, father of the said Matthew, whose 
heir he is, that he and his heirs for ever shall have free 
warren in all his lands in Levens, Yealand, and Trenterne 
in the Counties of Lancashire and Westmorland. (Placita 
de quo warranto, 20 Edw. I.) 

In 1292 he was engaged in a little legal dispute with 
a distant cousin who charged him with appropriating a 
wood in Yealand Coniers which she claimed. The follow- 
ing is a resum^ of the case as given in Lancashire Assize 
Roll 410 m. 5 (20 Edw. I.) 

The dispute was as to whether Matthew de Redman 
had unjustly disseised Isolda, late wife of William de 
Croft, of her freehold in Yeland Coygners — a wood, &c. 
Matthew comes and says that he and one Robert de 
Coygners hold the said wood and he asks for judgment. 

Isolda says that one William de Lancaster was lord 
of the vill of Yeland Coigners and Yeland Redmayn, 
which William gave to the ancestors of the said Mat- 
thew, Yeland- Redmayn, and to the ancestors of the 
said Robert de Coigners, Yeland-Coyners, except the 
said wood, which he gave to one Adam de Yeland, 
and of which Adam died seized. After his death one 
Alice entered as daughter and heir and enfeoffed the 
said Isolda, who was so seized until Matthew unjustly 
disseised her ; and she says that the said Robert neither 
had nor claimed any interest in the said wood except 
what Gilbert, his bailiff, took. Matthew won the verdict ; 
whereupon Isolda, unwilling to accept defeat, applied for 
and obtained a jury of twenty-four on the ground that the 
jury of twelve made a false oath. But the ungallant two 
dozen confirmed the verdict of the dozen, and Isolda lost 
her case. 



40 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HARE WOOD. 

Three years later Sir Matthew entered on a long period 
of varied activities, the story of which is revealed largely 
by Parliamentary Writs and Writs of Military Summons, 
and which must have left him little time for the amenities 
of life. In 1294 he was Knight of the Shire for Cumber- 
land, and was also engaged, with John de Cornubia, in 
assessing and levying tenths of moveables granted to King 
Edward I. to help him to pay the expenses of his numer- 
ous and costly wars (Pat. Rolls, 22 Ed. I.). In the 
following year, 1295, we find Sir Matthew, who had been 
returned Knight of the Shire for Lancashire, faring forth 
on his long ride to Westminster, to the Parliament sum- 
moned to sit " on Sunday next before the feast of St. 
Martin (the 13th of November) and prorogued to the 
second Sunday after. His fellow knight was John de 
Ewyas, Lord of the Manor of Samlesbury, in the parish 
of Blackburn. 

It is interesting to note that the name of Sir Matthew 
Redman is the very first on the long roll of members sent 
by the County of Lancashire to Parliament. It is true 
that the return of knights summoned to Parliament by 
writ commenced thirty years earlier ; but no original re- 
turn made by the Sheriff for this county is found among 
the records until 1295. On this occasion Sir Matthew's 
sureties, who guaranteed that he " would come on the day 
contained in the writ," were his kinsman Thomas, son of 
Thomas de Yeland, Thomas FitzHall, William FitzAdam 
and William, son of Dake. (Baines's History of Lan- 
cashire, i., 9 1.) 

When one considers the long journey from these northern 
counties to Westminster, — a journey which under favour- 
able conditions must have taken at least a week, — and the 
risk of unpleasant encounters with bands of robbers on 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 41 

the way, the payment of four shilHngs a day which the 
Knight of the Shire received, could scarcely be regarded 
as an extravagant honorarium. 

In 1297 Sir Matthew de Redman was summoned to 
appear with horses and arms at a Military Council held in 
London by the Prince of Wales, who was acting as his 
father's deputy during the latter's absence in Flanders ; 
but he does not appear to have stayed long in the south, 
for a little later in the year more active employment was 
found for the Lancashire Knight. He was discharged 
from attendance at the Council and ordered to proceed 
forthwith to Scotland, in company with John de Lancas- 
ter, Robert de Clifford and others, to join the forces under 
John de Warrenne, Earl of Surrey and Sussex. 

Warrenne, it will be recalled, entered Scotland at this 
time with an army of forty thousand men, bent on break- 
ing the power of Wallace once for all ; but he had counted 
without his enemy, and was defeated at Cambuskenneth, 
near Stirling. In this battle, and the subsequent retreat 
into England, it is more than probable that Sir Matthew 
took a part. 

In this same year he appears to have been Warden of 
the Castle of Dumfries, for in this character he is mentioned 
in the Index to Petitions to the King in Council ; and that 
he spent some time in his own part of the country is 
evidenced by his witnessing two grants, one of Skelsmergh 
by William de Lancaster (III) to Robert de Leyburne, 
and the other, a grant of lands at Old Hutton and Holme- 
scales, by John de Culwen to Patric de Culwen, his 
brother. 

In 1299 our knight was busy, with Robert de Clifford, 
defending the marches ; for the Scots, in spite of their 
crushing defeat at Falkirk the year before, had soon 

G 



42 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

plucked up courage again and were already raiding our 
northern counties. Military employment was still filling 
Sir Matthew's days in 1300, when he was Commissioner 
of Array in two counties, Lancashire and Westmorland. 
In the former county, in conjunction with Robert de 
Holond, he raised two thousand footmen to serve against 
the Scots in defence of the border-counties, which Ed- 
ward's retiring army had left at their mercy. (Pat. Rolls, 
28 Edw. I.) 

While Matthew was away on the King's service in 1301 
some evil-disposed persons had taken a mean advantage 
of his absence by destroying a mill belonging to him at 
Lupton ; a proceeding which roused his indignation and 
led to the Commission of Oyer and Terminer disclosed by 
the Patent Rolls of this year. Three years later (April, 
1304) Sir Matthew was Warden and Sheriff of Dumfries, 
with his son Adam as his " valettus," and in this capacity 
a complaint was laid against him of oppression (Docts. 
relating to Scotland). 

In 1305 he accompanied Sir Henry de Percy to Scotland 
on the King's service. He had for companions John and 
Thomas de Tunstall, and was possibly engaged on some 
diplomatic service ; and in 1306-7 he raised three hundred 
men of Westmorland, chiefly in his own district of Ken- 
dal, " to pursue Robert Bruce," on whom the mantle of 
Wallace's patriotism had fallen, with more than Wallace's 
luck. 

The year 1307 was no restful one for this energetic 
Redman knight. Part of it he spent in legislative duties 
at Northampton, as knight of the shire for Lancashire. 
From Northampton he was sent post-haste to keep watch 
and ward again over the Marches ; and in addition to 
these activities he was a conservator of the peace for his 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 43 

native county, Westmorland, as well as one of its magis- 
trates. 

The next 3'ear found him equally busy. He was em- 
ployed in raising and leading Lancashire troops and in 
defending the Marches once more against the Scots, who 
under Bruce's skilful handling were becoming more than 
ever a menace. He was also one of the Justices appointed 
for Lancaster to hear complaints of prizes taken contrary 
to the Statute of Stamford. 

The Scots furnished liberal employment again for Mat- 
thew in 1310, when Edward H. appointed " our beloved 
and faithful Robert de Leyburn, Matthew de Redman, 
and the sheriff of Lancashire," to raise three hundred 
foot-soldiers in Lancashire, whom Matthew was to lead to 
Berwick, where the King then was with his army, in order 
" to set out thence with us against the hostile and rebel- 
lious Scots." He was also in this year a commissioner 
for the conservancy of the peace. 

The next year saw him again raising troops in Lanca- 
shire and leading them off to Scotland. A Matthew 
Redman figures among Clifford's knights on the Border in 
131 1, in company with Nicholas de Vipont, Thomas de 
Mounteney and others. It is scarcely likely, however, 
that a man of Sir Matthew's age and military eminence 
would be serving on the staff of another knight engaged in 
small border frays ; and it is more probable that here we 
have another Redman who may conceivably have been the 
third Matthew, son of the knight we are considering. 
Clifford's small force, which numbered but fifty lances, 
was engaged in a scrimmage "apud Faringley," just over 
the Border, and ten knights and as many troopers lost their 
mounts. (Exchequer accounts, 14-15.) 

In 1313 Sir Matthew was returned Knight of the Shire 



44 REDMANS OF LEVEKS AND HAREWOOD. 

for Westmorland, and obtained his writ " de expensis " for 
attending Parliament at Westminster in July ; and we find 
him back again on legislative duty in London in the fol- 
lowing September. He seems to have taken an active part 
with the Earl of Lancaster and other nobles and knights 
in getting rid, once for all, of Edward's insolent favourite, 
Piers de Gaveston. He was probably in that army of 
Lancaster which chased Edward and his offensive friend 
from York to Newcastle, and from Newcastle to Scar- 
borough, where the young Gascon surrendered himself a 
prisoner — the prelude to the loss of his head at Warwick 
Castle. Matthew's name figures in the list of the Earl of 
Lancaster's adherents who, in 1313, were pardoned " for 
their participation in the death of Gaveston and the dis- 
turbance occasioned thereby." 

It is possible that in the following 5'ear (13 14) he took 
part in the famous battle of Bannockburn, in which Bruce 
so signally defeated an English army more than three 
times as large as his own, and thus secured independence 
for Scotland and an assured throne for himself. The 
name of Matthew Redman figures in the Scotch Roll, 7 
Edward IL in a list of knights who were fighting in Scot- 
land under Clifford in this year — but again doubt assails 
us as to his identity with the second Sir Matthew. It 
should perhaps be explained that at this time there were 
living three Matthew Redmans all capable of bearing arms; 
the Sir Matthew we are writing of, his heir and name- 
sake, and a third Matthew who died in Cumberland in 
1356. There are thus obviously occasions like this on 
which it is unwise to be too precise in identification. In 
this year of Bannockburn he was in the commission of the 
peace for Westmorland. 

For the next four years he seems to have been resting 



^ REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 45 

on his laurels ; and in fact he only once more emerges, 
with any certainty, in a military character, when, in 1318, 
he was empowered, with others, to "raise all subjects, be- 
tween the ages of twenty and sixty, capable of bearing 
arms in the county of Westmorland." 

In 1324 a Matthew de Redman was returned " as man- 
at-arms by the sheriff of Westmorland pursuant to writ 
tested at Westminster, 9th May, as summoned by pro- 
clamation to attend the great Council at Westminster after 
Ascension Day, 30th May " ; and again in the same year 
a Matthew was one of the jurors on the inquisition on 
Ingelram de Gynes ; but it is impossible to identify these 
Matthews with this second Redman knight of the name, 
whose active career had probably come to an end some 
years earlier. 

Sir Matthew makes many appearances in the records in 
characters perhaps less interesting than those so far con- 
sidered. He was engaged as defendant, with Henry, his 
son, in a suit brought by Walter de Strickland : — 

Appelby, 2 January, 1300-1. 
Walter de Stirkeland v. Matthew de Redmane, Henry, his son, 
Henry, son of Robert and David, his brother, re obstruction of a 
way in Lu.pton. Matthew and Henry, his son, appear & say that 
Strickland's holding is in Helsington, and not in Lupton. Strick- 
land, however, obtained his verdict. (A.R., 1331, m. 14 dorso.) 

In 1318 the Close Rolls disclose " an order to cause a 
tally of the Exchequer to be levied in the names of 
Matthew de Redman and John de Cornubia, collectors of 
the loth and 6th granted to the late King by the com- 
munity of the realm, for the arrears of their account in 
the possession of Adam de Redmane, for the arrears of 
wages of William de Redmane, his brother, now deceased, 
of whose will he is executor"; Matthew was directed to 



46 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

pay the arrears. The Adam and William Redman here 
mentioned were Sir Matthew's younger sons. 

In 1296 we find two charters of William de Camberton 
made to Matthew de Redman and Goditha, his wife, of his 
lands in Camberton and Dymouthe (Workington). (Placit. 
Abbr., 24 Edw. I.) These charters disclose the name of 
Matthew's wife, who was not improbably William's daugh- 
ter. William de Camberton was a member of the family of 
Camberton who derived their descent, through Orme, from 
the old barons of Kendal and (although on this point there 
is a divergence of opinion) from Ivo de Tailbois, Count of 
Anjou, whose wife was Lucia, daughter of Algar, Earl of 
Mercia and sister of Edwin and Morcar, the historic earls. 
Through Gunilda, Orme's wife, there is a distinguished 
descent for the Cambertons from King Ethelred II. and 
from Malcolm II., King of Scotland. 

Matthew had, in addition to his successor of the same 
name, at least three sons, (i) Henry, (2) Adam, and (3) 
William, with the latter two of whom the next chapter 
deals. As to Henry, I cannot do better than quote Colonel 
Parker's views : — 



I am not at all sure that Henry did not succeed his father Matthew. 
The first note of Matthew III. is his summons to Westminster iu 
1324. Six years later his son, the fourth Matthew, was born. 
Whether Henry succeeded and died between 1319 and 1324 may 
never be discovered ; but his widow, Mariota (styled Maria), was 
seized of a tenement in " Lupton in Levenes " in 1334, which was 
claimed by John de Birton (A.R., 1364, m. 9) ; and on her death, 
about 1359, this property, described as i messuage and 9 oxgangs, 
&c., passed to Matthew III. (Patent Roll, 33 Ed. III.) 

Sir Matthew (II.) probably died in 1319, in which year, 
on the evidence of the Close Rolls, the Sheriff of Lan- 
caster was ordered to cause a coroner to be elected for 
that county in place of Matthew de Redman, deceased. 



SS s 



owl 






*1 



o c 



48 



CHAPTER VI. 



Yealand, 



THE appearance on the scene of Adam, Sir Matthew's 
second son, affords an appropriate opportunity of 
reviewing and finally closing the chapter of Yealand, and 
especially the Redman connection with that manor. 

As we have already seen, on the death of Adam d'Av- 
ranches, Yealand appears to have descended in equal 
moieties to his two sons, (i) Roger, who continued the 
senior Yealand line and the name, and (2) Norman, who 
founded the collateral family of Redman. Let us dispose 
of the senior section first, and as briefly as possible. Of 
Roger, Norman's brother, litttle seems to be known. As 
Roger de Yelland he was one of the witnesses to Gilbert 
Fitz Reinfrid's grant of Levens to his nephew, Henry de 
Redman ; and, as mentioned before, he was a grantor of 
lands in Yealand to Cockersand Abbey sometime between 
1190 and 1205. He probably survived his brother Norman 
more than twenty years, dying sometime before 1207. 

Roger's son. Sir Adam de Yealand, was sheriff of Lan- 
cashire 1227-32 (Baines's Lancashire, vol. i., 58) ; and in 
1216 he was commanded to deliver to the constable of 
Chester immediate possession of Lancaster Castle, with 
the county and all its appurtenances, to ward during the 
Royal pleasure (Rot. Lit. Pat. 17 John m. 9 & m. 3) ; and 
in the following month the King committed the castle of 
Robert de Gresley of " Mainecestr' " with all its appurten- 
ances, and all the said Robert's lands within Lyme, to 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 49 

Adam, to hold during the King's pleasure (Ibid. m. 9). Sir 
Adam had two younger brothers, Nicholas and Robert. In 
14 John (Feb. 12), there was a grant from King John to 
Philip de Ulest of certain lands, among the witnesses to 
which were Adam de Yeland and Nicholas and Robert his 
brothers (Charter Roll, 14 John m. 2). There are several 
grants in the Close Rolls to these two brothers of Adam, 
who seem to have been of the King's personal retinue. 
Nicholas survived Robert, and in 1227 had a grant of the 
custody of his lands and heir (Cal. Pat. Rolls, Hy. III). 
This was probably the Nicholas de Yelaund who held one- 
and-a-half fees of Nigel de Munbray in Welford, in Nor- 
thampton (Red Book of Exchequer). 

On Sir Adam's death this moiety of Yealand went to 
Alice, his daughter and heiress, who wed Robert de Con- 
yers. Alice and her husband were co-plaintiffs with 
Matthew de Redman in a suit against Thomas de Bethum, 
re right of common in " Yholand." 

" The defendant exacts common in plaintiffs land, while 
they have none in his, nor does he make suit for this right. 
Defendant says that his ancestors since the Conquest, and 
for time without mind, have wont to common in the lands 
of the Ancestors of Alice and Matthew in the said vill, with- 
out any reciprocal rights. Later, he says he has never 
commoned in plaintiff's land, that put in view being as 
much his own ground as plaintiffs; but none of them 
knows his own separate part as the land has never been 
divided up between them." (Lancashire Assize Rolls, 30-31 
Henry III., m. 12 — Colonel Parker — p. 47). It was Isolda, 
daughter of Alice and Robert de Conyers, who had the 
legal dispute with Sir Mathew de Redman described ante- 
p. 37. But with the transfer of this moiety of Yealand 
to the Conyers family our immediate interest in it ceases. 

H 



■50 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

The Redman moiety of Yealand descended from father 
to heir until, as we have seen, it fell to Adam, second son 
of Matthew II., who in 1327 had a grant of free-warren 
in his lands of Yealand (Cal. Rot. Chart.) Adam, who is 
described as the " King's Yeoman," probably held some 
Court appointment. In 1327 we find (Close Rolls, 20 
Edw. III.) an order to John de Lancaster, keeper of certain 
lands in the King's hands in the county of Lancaster, to 
pay Adam Redman, the King's yeoman, ^fioo out of the 
■issue of the said lands, to be brought by him to the King 
-and to be delivered to Robert de Wodehous, keeper of the 
-wardrobe. 

In the same year (Pat. Rolls) appears a grant to Adam 
de Redman, King's yeoman, for service to John de Eltham, 
Earl of Cornwall, the King's brother, that he shall hold 
ifor life rent-free the custody of the lands in " Tibbeie and 
Runnerthwayt," Co. Westmorland, of the lands in " Kirk- 
levyngton and Kirk Andres." (There was a confirmation 
of this grant in 1331.) 

His brother William had died several years earlier, for 
■in 1318 we find Adam acting as his executor and there ^^'as 
■a direction for the payment of arrears of William's wages. 
(Close Rolls, II Edw. II.) 

In 1328 the sheriff of Westmorland -was ordered to take 
into the King's hands lands in Tybay and Ronnerthwayt, 
and deliver them to Robert de Sandford, to whom the late 
"King, in the seventeenth year of his reign, granted custody 
for seven years, and afterwards granted the same to Adam 
de Redeman during pleasure. (Close Rolls, 21 Edw: III.') 
■In 1331 Adam acknowledges that he owes to Robert de 
Sandford five marks to be levied in default on his chattels 
and lands in Co. Westmorland ; and, seven j^ears later, 
he too was sleeping with his forefathers, for on February 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 51 

I2th, 1338, William Langleys received a grant of his lands 
in Tebay, &c., (mentioned above) " coming into the King's 
hand on the death of Adam de Redeman." 

Adam left a son and successor, John, and two daughters, 
Margaret and Elizabeth. For thirteen years John, who 
seems to have led rather an unenterprising life, retained 
his hold of the Yealand moiety, and then, on the 4th April, 
1351, he too died, leaving not a chick behind him ; and 
his estates went to his two sisters and co-heiresses, (i) 
Margaret, born 1335, who, according to Dodsworth, (108, 
f. 114) married John Boteiler, of Merton ; and (2) Eliza- 
beth, born 1336, who found a husband in Roger de Croft. 

In his post mortem inquisition (MS. Dods. 108, f. 114) 
the jurors found that John, son of Adam de Redman, 
held on the day on which he died two-thirds of the manor 
of Yeland Redman, together with a reversion of the other 
third part on the death of his mother, Elena ; that John 
died on the 4th day of April last, and that Margaret, aged 
sixteen, one of his sisters, and Elizabeth, aged fifteen, wife 
(at that tender age) of Roger de Croft, are his heirs. 

The following pedigree may help to make things clear: — 

Adam de Yeland=Elena=Thomas de Blenkensop. 



I I I 

John Margaret=John Boteiler Elizaeeth = Roger 

d. 4th April, b. 1335. of Merton. b. 1336. Crofi. 
24 Edw. III. 



According to the editor of Townley's Lancashire Inquisi- 
tions (vol. i., p. 141), Margaret married John le Boteiler, 
and made a settlement out of the inheritance of her 
mother, Elena, on John le Boteiler and his daughter, 
Elena. This Elena married Nicholas de Croft, who was 
aged thirty in 1420. 



52 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Thus, nearly two centuries after Yealand was granted to 
Adam d'Avranches by William de Lancaster, the moiety 
which descended to Adam Redman's offspring passed into 
other hands ; and the other moiety had long passed from 
the Yealands to the Conyers ; but to this day the separate 
moieties bear the names respectively, of Yealand Redmayne 
and Yealand Conyers, in memory of their owners of so 
many centuries ago. 



53 



CHAPTER VII. 



Sir Matthew III., Governor of Carlisle Castle. 

rpHE third Matthew, who now comes on the scene, 
J- does not seem to have played quite as prominent a 
part as his father on the stage of his time, although he 
shirked none of the responsibilities of his position. He 
ventured beyond seas to fight for his King, he was usefully 
employed in keeping the Scots in check, sat in Parliament 
for one county, was sheriff of another, and filled one of the 
most anxious and responsible of military positions as 
governor of the castle of Carlisle. 

In 1325 he was a juror on the inquisition post mortem 
of Robert de Clifford, one of his father's comrades in 
arms ; and six years later we find him embarking for Ire- 
land with Anthony de Lucy, whose widow, Joan, his son 
Matthew was to marry many years later. On this journey 
he had for companion, a kinsman, Roger de Redmayne. 
(Pat. Rolls, Edw. III.) 

In 1337, when Edward III. began to pour his soldiers 
into France to enforce his absurd claim to the crown of 
that countrj', Matthew was among the knights to whom 
protection was granted on going beyond seas with William 
de Bohun, Earl of Northampton (Pat. Rolls, Edw. III). 
Bohun was one of Edward's sturdiest warriors, and we 
may be sure that if Matthew had not all the fighting he 
desired during the next few years, it was not the fault of 
his leader. 



54 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

It is not until some years later that our knight emerges 
into view after his spell of warfare on the Continent. In 
1344 he was back again in his own country ; for in that 
year Edward appointed him " receiver and guardian of all 
the King's stores of victuals which were then at Carlisle " 
(Abbr. Rot. Orig., vol. ii., p. 165) ; and in the same year 
the responsible duty was added of seeing that no supplies 
reached the Scots from any port in Cumberland and 
Westmorland. 

The climax of his career as a soldier was reached in 
1359) the year before his death, when we find a letter of 
the King addressed to the Bishop of Carlisle on the subject 
of receiving the oath of Sir Matthew de Redman on ap- 
pointment to the offices of sheriff of Cumberland and 
governor of Carlisle Castle (Hist. MSS. Com. gth Report 
p. 191). 

These militar}' records are tantalizing in their scantiness;, 
but it does not require much imagination to see that in a 
fighting career which covered twenty years of one of the 
most bellicose periods in our history, including the great 
battle at Crecy, Matthew must have seen enough fighting 
even to satisfy the warlike enthusiasm of an early Redman. 

Sir Matthew appears in the Records in many other 
characters, of a peaceful nature. About 1344 he was wit- 
ness to a grant by Sir Walter Strickland to his son John, 
of lands in Whinfell and elsewhere ; and in 1351 John de 
Nyandsergh granted to Matthew all his lands and tene- 
ments, &c., of Nyandsergh (the present Ninezergh, wliich 
is about half-a-mile south of Levens Hall). Among the 
witnesses to this grant were Richard de Preston, his 
neighbour, and Thomas de Redman. Five years later he 
witnessed a grant by Ralph, son of John de Palton, to 
Ronald de Thornburgh, of lands in Sleddall in the vill of 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 55 

Stirklanketill (His. MSS. Com. Report 10, pt. 4) ; and in 
1358 William, son of Thomas de Icconshaw, appointed 
Thomas Banes as his attorney to deliver possession, in his 
name, of his tenement of the Holehows to Sir Matthew de 
Redemane, knight (Dods. MSS. 159 fo. 159b). 

Sir Matthew's parliamentary work seems to have come 
late in life, for it was only in 1358, two years before the 
end came, that he was elected a knight of the shire for 
Westmorland. In the following year (1359) Matthew de 
Redeman and Margaretha, his wife, gave twenty marks for 
the custody of the manor of Twysleton, which belonged to 
John de T^\ysleton, and for the marriage of his daughters 
(Grossi Fines, p. 256). This little transaction, unimportant 
as it may seem, had far-reaching consequences ; for it is 
exceedingly likely that in the alliance of one or more of 
Matthew's sons with the daughter or daughters of John of 
Twisleton, the colony of Redmans which flourished for 
three centuries in the district of Thornton-in-Lonsdale had 
its origin. 

There is no difficulty in identifying Margaret, Matthew's 
wife, as the widow of Hugh de Moriceby^ — in fact she is 
specifically identified for us in the following entr}- in the 
Patent Rolls (33 Edw. HI., pt. i, m. 3) :— " Matthew de 
Redman and Margaret, his wife, late wife of Hugh de 
Moriceby." I am indebted for the following interesting 
Moriceby notes to the courtesy of the Rev. James Wilson, 
M.A., the learned editor of the Victoria County Histories of 
Cumberland and Westmorland : — 

(i) Hugh de Moriceby died in Jar,uary, 1348-g, leaving Christopher 
(of full age) his heir. (Inq. p. m. 23 Edw. III. ist nos. 32). Ac 
he held Brahanthwayt jointly with Margaret, his wife — was she 
an Ireby, of Ireby ? Embleton and Brackenthwaite were held 
by the Irebys early in the 14th century. The suggestion is, of 
course, conjectural. 



56 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

(2) Christopher, son of Hugh and Margaret, was in possession in 
1355 ilnq. p. m. 28 Edw. III. 2nd nos. 4), and died in 1370, leav- 
ing his son Christopher his heir, a lad of 12 years (Inq. p. m. 44 
Edw. III. ist nos. 42). 

(3) Margaret, who is styled as formerly the wife of Hugh de 
Moriceby, died in May, 1374, leaving Christopher, son of her son 
Christopher, as her heir. (Inq. p. m. 48 Edw. III., ist nos. 49). 

From these most useful references it is clear that Mar- 
garet, whose first husband, Hugh de Moriceby, died in 
January, 1348-g, could not have been the mother of Mat- 
thew's heir, who was born in 1330 ; and thus she was not 
Matthew's first wife. Her marriage to Redman could 
scarcely have taken place before 1350, at which time she 
had a son of full age. 

This third Sir Matthew's will was proved in April, 1360, 
at Carlisle. In it, after commending his soul to God and 
to the blessed Mary, and all saints, and directing that his 
body should be buried in St. Peter's Church, Heversham, 
he leaves his personal estate to his wife Margaret, with 
power to dispose of it as she willed after her death. He 
appoints as executors Christopher and Hugh de Moriceby, 
both probably sons of Margaret, and his own stepsons. 
(See Appendix). 

The village of Heversham is but a mile or two south of 
Levens, Sir Matthew's Westmorland home ; and it was 
also in Heversham Church that Sir William Redman, of 
Harewood, was buried nearly a century and a quarter later. 

Four years before the death of this third Sir Matthew, 
of Levens, there died another Redman of the name of 
Matthew, of Carlisle, whose connection with the main line 
I have been unable to discover. By his will, after leaving 
certain legacies to the church and to his brother-in-law, 
Robert D'Eyncourt, he bequeathed his personal estate, in- 
cluding money owed to him by William, Baron Greystoke, 
to his wife Emmot. (See Appendix). 



57 



CHAPTER VIII. 



Sir Matthew IV., Governor of Roxburgh and 
Berwick. 

rriHE fourth of these knightly Matthews was no less 
-■- valorous than his predecessors, while the range and 
prominence of his activities were even greater than theirs. 
Wherever hard blows were to be exchanged, whether in 
distant Spain or on the family fighting ground, the Border, 
his stout arm could always be relied on. He raised armies 
and led them gallantly; he was governor of important 
castles ; he proclaimed truce to the King's enemies, and 
conducted delicate negotiations with them. And what 
time he was able to sheathe his sword, he filled the peace- 
ful offices of sheriff and knight of the shire with credit, 
and even found odd hours for the less exalted, but useful 
work of a magistrate in three counties. 

Sir Matthew appears to have made his presence as a 
fighter felt on the Continent early in the sixties of this 
fourteenth centurj^; for in 1362, when King John of France 
was handing over the hostages in the custody of his son, 
the Dauphin, he refused point-blank to surrender Matthew 
de Redman, " who has inflicted much damage on the said 
Duchy (Burgundy) ; and him we do not desire to be in 
any way included in our present quittance." 

For some years after this enforced residence in France 
the records yield little evidence of Matthew's military 
activity, but in 1370 he appears to have been with the 

I 



58 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

army of Sir Robert Knolles who, a little later, swept the 
whole of the northern provinces of France, from Calais to 
the walls of Paris (Foedera, vol. iv., p. 899). Three years 
later Sir Matthew was at the Court of the King of Portu- 
gaj, probably on some diplomatic mission ; and in the 
same year (1373) we find him taking part under John of 
Gaunt, in France, in that disastrous campaign which 
resulted in Edward III. finding himself stripped of almost 
all his ancient possessions, except Bordeaux and Bayonne, 
and of all his conquests save Calais. 

During this campaign Sir Matthew had the narrowest 
escape from capture by the French and Burgundians, at 
Ouchy le Chasteau, near Soissons, when foraging in com- 
pany with Thomas Lord Archer, Sir Thomas Spencer, and 
other knights. Two years later, when a truce was con- 
cluded with France, Sir Matthew was ordered by the King 
to proclaim it in Brittany (Rymer's Foedera iii., p. ii., p. 
1034). In 1376 the good genius who had rescued him 
from the clutches of the French at Ouchy le Chasteau 
seems to have deserted him ; for we learn from the Rolls 
of Parliament (ii., 343 a.) that he was taken prisoner, and, 
unable to redeem himself, was compelled to ask Parliament 
to petition for his release. 

In 1379, when his sword was no longer needed in France 
or Spain, where he seems to have spent several years in 
incessant fighting, chiefly under John of Gaunt, he was 
appointed, with Roger de Clifford, joint-warden of the 
West Marches and commanded to hasten, with all despatch, 
to the defence of Carlisle (Rot. Scot. v. 2., pp. 21, &c.) ; 
and he was one of several commissioners (including his 
fellow-warden, Clifford, John de Harrington, Hugh de 
Dacre, and other knights) empowered " to array and equip 
with arms all the men in Cumberland capable of defending 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 59 

it, so as to resist hostile invasion and the destruction of 
the Enghsh tongue, with power to compel people to con- 
tribute thereto" (Pat. Rolls Ric. II.). 

Amid all the bustle and responsibility of these Border 
duties. Sir Matthew, who seems to have been tender of heart 
as well as stout of arm, found time for acts of friendliness 
and charity ; for on the 26th September of this year (i379) 
the King, Richard II., at Matthew's supplication, pardoned 
Thomas de Denethwayt for slaying one Elias Addison on 
the Sunday before St. Mark's day ; and in the following 
March he offered himself as one of the pledges for Thomas 
de Catreton, who, whilst keeper of the castle of St. Sauveur 
in Normandy, was charged with a treacherous betrayal of 
his trust in surrendering it to the French for money (Pat. 
Rolls, Ric. II.). 

A few days later more work was thrust into Sir Matthew's 
willing and capable hands ; for, with Roger de Clifford, he 
was empowered to compel, by distress and imprisonment 
if necessary, all lay persons having lands and rents of in- 
heritance in the counties of Cumberland and Westmorland 
of the value of one hundred marks and upwards, to remain 
upon them ; and also to see that all the castles and 
fortalices within three or four leagues of the frontier are 
fortfied, repaired, suitably manned, and provisioned (Pat. 
Rolls, Ric. II.). 

One might reasonably think that Sir Matthew's time 
was at last fully occupied with these manifold duties ; but 
as the busy man always seems to have the most leisure, so 
he added to his activities magisterial duties in Cumberland 
and Northumberland. In 1381, in addition to being ap- 
pointed sheriff of the county, he was entrusted with the 
responsible post of governor or captain of Roxburgh, 
" from the ist of May," in succession to the Earl of Nor- 



6o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

thumberland ; and we find protection granted " for John 
Gregory, chaplain, going to Scotland under Matthew de 
Redmane, warden of the castle of Roxburgh." By an 
ordinance of the same date he was appointed sheriff of the 
county of Roxburgh. (See Appendix). 

In this year, too, although it is possible that Grafton 
has assigned a wrong date to the incident, he seems to 
have been for a time captain of Berwick ; and in this 
capacity he had the audacity to turn away the redoubtable 
John of Gaunt and his army from the gates. 

In the 4 Richard II {1381), Grafton says: — 

Sir Mathew Redmayn, Captain of Berwicke, refused to allow the 
Duke of Lancaster into the town. The Duke of Lancaster and his 
people went to Barwike wenyng to the Duke to have entered into 
the towne, for when he passed that way, he left all his provision 
behind him. But the capteyne of the towne, Sir Mathew Redmayn, 
denyed him to enter, and closed in the gates against him and his, 
saying he was so commanded by the Erie of Northumberland ; and 
wben the Duke heard these wordes, he was sore displeased and 
sayde " Howe commeth this to passe, Mathew Redmayn ? is there 
in Northumberland a greater sovereign than I am, which should let 
me passe this way where all my prouision is with you ? what mean- 
eth these newes ? " 

" By my fayth, Sir," sayde the knight, " this is true that I say, and 
by the commandement of the King ; and Sir, this I do to you is right 
sore agaynst my will, but I must nedes do it and therefore for 
Goddes sake holde me excused for I am thus commanded upon 
paine of my life, that I shall not suffer you nor none of yours to 
enter into the towne." Then the Duke, not saying all that he 
thought, brake out of this matter, and sayde, " Sir Redmayn, what 
tydyngs out of England ? " and he sayde, he knew none, but that 
the countries were sore moued, and the King had sent to all this 
country to be in redinesse whensoever he should send. Then the 
Duke mused a little, and sodainly turned his horse, and bid the 
knight farewell, and so went to the castell of Rosebourgh, and the 
constable receyved him. (Grafton's Chronicle I., pp. 247-8). 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 6i 

Sir Matthew appears to have stayed at Roxburgh no 
longer than a ) ear ; for in 1382 he is described as late 
warden of the castle, and, at this time, it may be interest- 
ing to note, as some evidence of his grov^fing importance, 
that he had " fifty-seven Serjeants in his retinue." He 
still, however, remained actively employed in the north 
of England, where the Scots provided ample exercise 
for many an English knight ; and in 1382 Sir Matthew, 
with John de Nevill, of Raby, and Roger de Clifford, was 
empowered to arrest and imprison certain persons who 
had broken truce and had " brought into England the 
goods of divers men of Scotland ; and to enquire in the 
counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmor- 
land, who are their accomplices and cause restitution to 
be made." 

In the following year (1383) he was called away from 
the Border to the scene of his earlier exploits in France, 
where he commanded a section of the Bishop of Norwich's 
army against the supporters of Pope Clement ; and, after 
a stout defence, was compelled to surrender Bourbourg to 
the French King. This appears to have been the last of 
Sir Matthew's warlike adventures over the sea, in which 
he seems to have had at least his share of the ill-luck 
which at that time pursued our armies. 

In 1386 we find him actively engaged again in his own 
land where, with the Bishop of Bath and Wells, the Earl 
of Northumberland, John, Lord Nevill, and other joint- 
commissioners, he was empowered to treat with the Scots 
for peace. (See Appendix). Sir Matthew's fighting days 
are now rapidly drawing to their close, though, as we shall 
see, he was still a right doughty knight. In 1388 he was 
commissioner of array for the county of Northumberland, 
as well as governor of Berwick. In the latter capacity it 



62 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

fell to his lot to take a conspicuous part in the battle of 
Otterbourne, the fight in which the hatred and jealousies 
of two nations found such fierce vent, and which minstrels 
and chroniclers alike have conspired to invest with a 
romantic interest which scarcely any other battle fought 
on British soil can claim. 

Sir Matthew was one of the first to whom news was 
brought of that famous feast at Aberdeen where the 
Scottish lords and knights arranged that " they should all 
meet, with their puissance on the frontiers of Cumberland, 
at a castle in the high forest called Jedworth," for such a 
raid into England " as should be spoken of for twenty 
years after " ; and he took a leading and energetic part in 
raising the forces which assembled at Newcastle to resist 
the incursion. 

Of the battle itself, fought with such tragic fierceness 
" by the fitful light of the moon," of its varying fortunes, 
its dramatic incidents and of the final rout of the English, 
the story is too well-known to need recital. That Sir 
Matthew bore himself right gallantly we know on abundant 
evidence. " And on the English party," Froissart says, 
" before that the Lord Percy was taken and after, there 
fought valiantly Sir Ralph Lumley, Sir Matthew Redman, 
Sir Thomas Ogle, Sir Thomas Grey, Sir Thomas Helton, 
Sir Thomas Abingdon — and divers others." 

Sir Matthew was one of the leaders, with Sir Thomas 
and Sir Robert Umphreville, Sir Thomas Grey and Sir 
Robert Ogle, of the troops whom Hotspur, designing to 
catch the Scots in a net and effectually cut off their re- 
treat, sent to sweep round northward from the position 
occupied by them, and "hold them in y' they fled not 
awaye." 

That this movement failed of its purpose was not in 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 63 

any way Sir Matthew's fault — the tide of fortune flowed 
finally and overwhelmingly against the Englishmen, and 
their leaders were captured or slain, " saving Sir Matthew 
Redman, captain of Berwick, who, when he knew no 
remedy nor recoverance, and saw his company fly from 
the Scots and yield them on every side, then he took his 
horse and departed to save himself." 

But he was not to escape so easily ; and what later 
befell him is best told in Froissart's own words : — 

I shall shew you of Sir Matthew Redman, who was on horseback 
to save himself, for he alone could not remedy the matter. 

At his departing Sir James Lindsay was near to him and saw how 
Sir Matthew departed, and this Sir James, to win honour, followed 
in chase Sir Matthew Redman, and came so near to him that he 
might have stricken him with his spear, if he had listed. Then he 
said, " Ah ! Sir Knight, turn ; it is a shame thus to fly ; I am James 
Lindsay ; if ye wiU not turn I shall strike you on the back with my 
spear." 

Sir Matthew spake no word, but struck his horse with the spurs 
sorer than he did before. In this manner he chased him more than 
three miles, and at last Sir Matthew Redman's horse foundered and 
fell under him. Then he stepped forth on the earth and drew out 
his sword, and took courage to defend himself; and the Scot thought 
to have stricken him on the breast, but Sir Matthew Redman swerved 
from the stroke and the spear-point entered into the earth. 

Then Sir Matthew struck asunder the spear with his sword ; and 
when Sir James Lindsay saw how he had lost his spear, he cast 
away the truncheon and lighted afoot, and took a little battle-axe 
that he carried at his back, and handled with his one hand quickly 
and deliverly, in the which feat Scots be well expert ; and then he 
set at Sir Matthew, and he defended himself properly. Thus they 
tourneyed together, one with an axe and the other with a sword a 
long season, and no man to hinder them. 

Finally Sir James Lindsay gave the knight such strokes, and held 
him so short, that he was put out of breath in such wise that he 
yielded himself and said, " Sir James Lindsay, I yield me to you." 



64 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

" Well," quoth he, " and I am to receive you, rescue or no rescue ? " 
" I am content," quoth Redman, " so ye deal with me like a good 
companion." " I shall not fail that," quoth Lindsay, and so put 
up his axe. 

"Well, Sir," quoth Redman, " what will you now that I shall do ? 
■I am your prisoner; ye have conquered me. I would gladly go 
again to Newcastle, and within fifteen days I shall come to you in 
Scotland where ye shall assign me." " I am content," quoth Lind- 
say, " ye shall promise by your faith to present yourself within these 
three weeks at Edinburgh, and wheresoever ye go, to repute yourself 
my prisoner." All this Sir Matthew sware and promised to fulfil. 
Then each of them took their horses and took leave of each other. 
Sir James returned, and his intent was to go to his own company 
the same way that he came, and Sir Matthew Redman to New- 
castle. 

But Nemesis was quickly on the track of the valorous 
Scottish knight. He had ridden scarcely half-a-mile 
through the darkness and mist which had fallen since his 
encounter with Redman, when he ran into the very arms 
of the Bishop of Durham and five hundred of his men. 
Sir James might have escaped from his predicament had 
he not unhappily mistaken the enemy for his own com- 
pany, and " when he was among them," Froissart says, 
" one demanded of him who he was." " I am," quoth he, 
" Sir James Lindsay." The Bishop heard these words, 
and stepped to him and said, " Lindsay, ye are taken ; 
yield ye to me." And thus the proud victor of a few 
minutes earlier found himself a prisoner, and on his way 
to Newcastle in the wake of his own captive. The later 
meeting ot the two knights, under circumstances so un- 
expected and humorous is thus quaintly described by 
Froissart : — 

After that Sir Matthew Redman was returned to Newcastle, and 
shewed to divers how he had been taken prisoner by Sir James 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 65 

Lindsay, then it was shewed to him how the Bishop of Durham bad 
taken the said Sir James Lindsay, and how that he was there in the 
town as his prisoner. 

As soon as the Bishop was departed Sir Matthew Redman went 
to the Bishop's lodging to see his master, and there he found him in 
a study of thought, lying in a window, and said : — "What, Sir James 
Lindsay, what make you here ? " Then Sir James left his study and 
came forth to him and gave him good-morrow, and said, " By my 
faith. Sir Matthew, fortune hath brought me hither; for as soon as I 
was departed from you, I met by chance the Bishop of Durham, to 
whom I am prisoner as ye be to me. I believe ye shall not need 
come to Edinburgh to me to make your finance ; I think rather we 
shall make an exchange one for another if the Bishop be so con- 
tent." 

"Well, sir," quoth Redman, "we shall accord right well together; 
ye shall dine this day with me ; the Bishop and our men be gone forth 
to fight with your men ; I cannot tell what shall fall ; we shall know 
at their return." 

" I am content to dine with you," quoth Lindsay. Thus these 
two knights dined together at Newcastle. 

Sir James, by the way, appears to have been unkindly 
treated by fate, for, instead of recovering his freedom like 
Sir Matthew Redman, he was still a prisoner on the 25th 
of September when King Richard issued an order at 
Cambridge " with the advice of his great Council, to the 
Earl of Northumberland, not to dismiss Lindsay either 
for pledge or ransom until further orders." 

The story of Sir Matthew's prowess at Otterbourne is 
told in many of the ballads and chronicles which have 
brought the picture of this battle so graphically down to 
us through the centuries. In The Batayl of Otterbourne, 
from The Chronicle of John Hardyng, we read 

He sent the lorde syr Thomas Vmfreuyle, 

His brother Robert and also sir Thomas Grey, 

And sir Mawe Redmayn beyond ye Scottes that whyle, 

K 



66 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

To holde them in y' they fled not awaye : — 
* * * * 

The felde was his all yf y' he were take, 
The Vmfreuyle, Grey, Ogle and Redmayne 
Helde the felde hole, y' myght so for his sake, 
And knewe nothyng whetherwarde he was ga}^. 

And in De Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland, by Andrew 
of Wyntown : — " Schyr Mawe of the Redmane " figures 
conspicuously among the gallant knights to whom Androw 
pays tribute. 

It must have been a very sad home-coming for Sir 
Matthew, for in addition to the story of a lost battle, a 
routed army and his own misadventure, he had to break 
the news to his wife that her brother, a gallant young 
knight who had probably fought under his own banner, 
bad fallen on the field. 

Ther was slayne upon the Ynglysshe syde. 

For soth and sertenlye, 
A gentell knyght, Sir John Fit^-hughe, 

Yt was the more petye. 

In the year following the battle of Otterbourne Sir 
Matthew was peacefully engaged in his magisterial work 
in Northumberland, varied by an enquiry, with Thomas, 
Earl Marshal, and others, " as to places in Northumber- 
land burnt by the King's enemies of Scotland " ; and by a 
survey with Sir Thomas Umfraville and others, of certain 
vessels called "kiles," used for measuring sea-coal at 
Newcastle-on-Tyne and neighbourhood (Pat. Rolls, Ric. 
II., 1388-92) — useful and honourable occupations enough, 
but contrasting strangely with the flash of steel and the 
clang of armour which had for so many years been to him 
the breath of life. 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 67 

But we have been led away by the fascination of Sir 
Matthew's career as a fighter from the domestic and other 
peaceful phases of his life. One of his earliest appearances 
in the records was as a witness in 1364 to a release by 
" Agnes, relict of Ralph," of her right in certain lands 
(Hist. MSS. Commission — Rep. 10, part 4 — Major Bagot's 
Levens Hall Papers) ; and six years later, in 1370, Mat- 
thew and Lucy, his (first) wife, are defendants in a suit 
brought by Thomas de Yealand and Elena, his wife, to 
recover possession of three messuages, eighty acres of 
land, &c., in Levens {Abbr. Rot. Orig., vol. ii., p. 310). 
In 1376 it was found after the death of Joan de Coupland 
that Matthew de Redman, of Over Levens, held of the said 
Joan a moiety of the vill of Quinfell, and divers tenements 
in Selside. 

Sir Matthew was twice married, (i) to " Lucy," whose 
identity has so far defied elucidation, and (2) to Joan, 
daughter of Henry, Lord Fitzhugh, who, before wedding 
Sir Matthew, had already been twice a wife, first of Wil- 
liam, fourth Lord Greystoke, and secondly of Anthony, 
third Lord de Lucy, who died in 1368, and by whom she 
had an infant daughter who died in the following year. 

As widow of the wealthy Lord Lucy, Joan was a well- 
dowered bride, and, among other large possessions, brought 
to Sir Matthew the castle and manor of Langele, in Nor- 
thumberland, a third part of the Barony of Egremund, 
with the advowson of Ulvedale and the manors of Aspatrik 
and Braythwayt. 

In 1378 the Patent Rolls disclose "a licence for Ralph, 
Baron de Greystock (Joan's son), Matthew de Redemane 
Kt and Joan, his wife, to grant the town and lordship of 
Angerton, Co. Northumberland, held in chief, to William 
de Greystock Esq"'^., the said Ralph's brother, for life"; 



6g REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

aod five years later, in 1383, there was a licence to transfer 
to Henry, first Earl of Northumberland, and Matilda, his 
wife, " the castle and manor of Langeley, Co. Northum- 
berland, a moiety of the manor of Aspatrik, and a third 
part of the Barony of Egermond, Co. Northumberland, 
with the advowson of Ulvedale, after the death of Joan, 
wife of Matthew de Redmayne knight." 

Henry, the first Earl of Northumberland, had married 
Matilda, only sister of Anthony de Lucy, Joan's second 
husband ; and on the death of Joan, her dower-lands 
reverted to Matilda and her husband, on condition that 
he, the Earl of Northumberland, should bear the arms of 
Percy, — or, with a lion rampant azure, quartered with 
those of Lucy, viz. : gtdes, with three lucies, argent. 

The following pedigree will perhaps make this transac- 
tion clear : — 



ANTHONY = JOAN (FlTZHnGH) = (3) SIR MaTIHEW MATILDA = HeNRY, 
3rd Baron I widow of William, Redman. Earl of 

Lord Greystoke. Northum- 

I berland. 

Joan, d. 1369. 

Sir Matthew appears to have had two sons and one 
daughter. O his elder son, Matthew, the records disclose 
little beyond the fact that on April i, 1369, he had a pass 
to Ireland with William de Windsor ; and it seems cer- 
tain that he died in the lifetime of his father, leaving his 
younger brother, Richard, to assume the headship of the 
family, and by his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter and 
co-heiress of the first Lord Aldeburgh, to transfer the chief 
activities of the family from Levens, which had been its 
headquarters for more than two centuries, to Harewood 
in Yorkshire. 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 69 

Sir Matthew's daughter, Felicia, the only one traceable, 
married Sir John, son of Ralph, Lord Lumley, who fell at 
the battle of Baugy, in Anjou, in 1421. From this union 
the present Earl of Scarborough and many of our nobles 
of to-day derive their origin. Her great-grandson, 
Thomas, wed Elizabeth Plantagenet, the daughter of 
King Edward IV. by the Lady Elizabeth Lucy. 

Sir Matthew Redman was one of the witnesses in the 
historical dispute between Lord Scrope and Sir Robert 
Grosvenor as to the right to bear "azure a bend or " ; in 
which he gave important evidence as to Scrope's second 
marriage with the lady of Pulford. Sir Matthew died 
circa 1390, and was succeeded by his son Richard, who 
was destined to shed still more lustre on the name of 
Redman. 

It is interesting to note that in his will, dated 1407^ 
Richard Burgh, who married Margaret, daughter of 
Thomas Roos, of Kendal, bequeathed the sum of thirteen 
marks to two chantry priests for the celebration for one 
year, of masses for the souls of Richard, King of England, 
the Duke of Norfolk, Thomas, Lord Clifford, and Sir 
Matthew Redman. (Test. Ebor. Sur. Soc, i., 348). 



70 



CHAPTER IX. 



Levens. — Manor and Hall. 

OF the very early history of Levens, before it came into 
Redman hands, comparatively little is known. At 
the time of the Norman conquest it seems to have formed 
part of the vast possessions of Tosti, Earl of Northumber- 
land, son of Godwin, and brother of Harold, " the 
Englishman." Tosti was driven by his rebellious Nor- 
thumbrians to Flanders, and Harold acknowledged Morcar 
as successor to his earldom and lands. 

Such a rich possession as the Honour of Lancaster, 
which included Levens, was not likely to remain long out 
of the clutch of the Norman, and we find William bestow- 
ing it on Roger, of Poictou, third son of Roger of Mont- 
gomery, as a reward for loyal services rendered by his 
family. Roger, however, proved unworthy of such lavish 
generosity, for he took a prominent part in the rebellion 
against William, which followed swiftly on the first dis- 
tribution of the English spoil. 

Among the lands of Roger of Poictou the Domesday 
Survey includes Lefuenes (Levens) with two carucates, a 
carucate being as much land as could be ploughed by one 
plough or team in a season ; long varying in extent, but 
determined in 1194 to be one hundred acres (Stubbs's 
Select Charters, p. 536). In later years the barony of 
Kendal was held of the honour of Westmorland by the 
De Lancasters, who derived their title from Roger de 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 71 

Mowbray in the reign of King Stephen, and he from his 
father Nigel de Albini (Ferguson's History of Westmorland, 
p. 116) ; and as we have seen (p. 2) Levens was granted 
by WilHam de Lancaster II. to Norman de Hieland (later 
"de Redman ") sometime about 1170. From this time it 
descended from father to son down the long Redman line 
until the latter half of the sixteenth century, when, as we 
shall see later, it passed to the Bellinghams of Burneside. 

It is doubtful whether the head of the Redmans in these 
early centuries made his home at Levens. It seems to 
me more probable that the head-quarters of the family 
were at Yealand, where, as we have seen, the first Matthew 
appears to have been living when he was burnt out of 
" house and home " by the raiding Scots and robbed even 
ot his Coroner's Rolls. However this may be, it is prob- 
able that by the end of the thirteenth century, the 
Redmans had built themselves a stout dwelling-place at 
Levens, the parent of the beautiful pile known to-day 
throughout England as Levens Hall. 

At the time when this parent hall of Levens was built, 
there was little place for the graces of architecture or the 
refinements of domestic life. They were years of raids 
and rapine, when a man must perforce sleep with his 
sword by his side, and surround himself with strong walls 
as a protection against a ruthless enemy, who might any 
day come within sight bringing massacre and ruin with 
him. 

These early homes of our English knights were thus of 
necessity fortresses, — on a smaller scale, it is true, than 
the great castles of the Barons,— but stoutly built, able to 
resist onslaught, and proof against the firebrand. These 
minor fortresses were scattered thickly over the northern 
counties, like so many grim, watchful sentinels. Levens 



72 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HAREWOOD. 

has for neighbouring strongholds, more or less near, 
Sizergh, Burneside, Kentmere, Arnside, Hazelslack, and 
many another Pele tower, all equally sturdy, and each 
guarding its own district and offering a refuge to which 
tenants and labourers, with their wives and children, 
might flock whenever danger threatened. 

In his most interesting book on Levens Hall, Mr. 
Curwen sa3's : — 

Regarding the position of the Pele, Canon Weston inclined to the 
belief that it stood at the north-east corner of the present building, 
and was built up of plain rubble, without plinth, set-off or string- 
course, over the existing barrel-vaulted cellars and their low bench- 
ings of stonework. If this were so, it must have measured externally 
46 feet by 25 feet, with the end walls 3 feet, and the flank walls 4^ 
feet thick. By way of comparison we may mention that the Pele of 
Sizergh measures 60 by 40 feet, with its walls 7 feet thick ; Arnside, 
48 by 32 feet ; Burneside, 45 by 30 feet ; Kentmere, 32 by 23 feet ; 
and Hazelslack, 30 by 24 feet. 

From the plan it will be seen that there are two projecting bays, 
leading out from the cellars at the north-east and south-east corners, 
the former of which has a blocked-up doorway, which may have been 
built for protection, as an outer entrance to the Pele, whilst the 
latter has probably been the basement to a garderobe tower. The 
three doorways marked C, D, and E are Carnarvon-arched, which 
clearly indicates 13th or 14th century construction. 

From this description it is not difficult to picture the 
strong, square grey tower, from whose battlements these 
fierce Redman knights could hold their lands and tenants 
in survey, or scan the horizon in search of the enemy ; and 
it is of great interest to know that from internal evidence, 
such as the roughness of the flooring which shows the 
marks of the adze, and the worn upper flight of the stair, 
the tower, as we see it to-day, is, in Mr. Curwen's opinion, 
" but little altered since the date of its first erection." 



iisr Es B~ b: 



OPEM - yAHO 



3 




REDMANS OF LEVENS. 73 

On the west side of this tower of refuge and defence 
there was an aula or great hall, open to its lofty and mas- 
sive roof of oak — a chamber forty feet long and twenty-two 
feet wide, — in which the lord would entertain his guests, 
receive the suit and service of his vassals, conduct the 
business of his estates, and administer justice. It does 
not require any great effort of imagination to picture the 
scenes of festivity of which this hall must often have been 
the setting — the lord with his family and his principal 
guests feasting on the raised dais at one end of the cham- 
ber ; the guests of inferior rank seated below at tables 
ranged along each side ; and, opposite to the dais, the 
minstrels singing their ballads and playing stirring martial 
music in the raised gallery. Behind the screen crowned 
by this gallery would be the kitchen, buttery and the 
domestic offices. 

No doubt, later generations of Redmans made sub- 
stantial additions to this earliest structure, — and indeed 
there are still traces of these additions to be found ; for 
" walls of outbuildings have been discovered in the garden 
with indications of having been destroyed by fire." 

There are still to be seen at Levens Hall survivals of 
these ancient days of Redman occupation, in addition to 
the Pele tower. There is tapestry, which once draped 
the walls of the aula, and which was probably worked by 
the hands of Redman chatelaines ; and there are many 
old charters, the ink of which was dry long before the 
Great Charter itself was formulated, and which Norman 
and Henry de Redman must have held in their hands 
seven hundred years ago as we might do to-day. There 
is also an interesting relic of Redman times in a cushion 
on a chair "which," Colonel Bagot informs me, "has some 
dilapidated arms on it (the three cushions evidently form- 

L 



74 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

ing part of them) which have always been said to be old 
Redman arms. They are in old embroidery put on to 
comparatively modern material (probably 1780 to 1810)." 

Levens Hall remained the principal home of the Red- 
mans until the end of the fourteenth century, when the 
first Sir Richard's marriage to Elizabeth Aldeburgh pro- 
vided a rival home in Harewood Castle. For the next 
century and a half the head of the family appears to have 
made his home alternately at Harewood and Levens, 
until in the time of the last Matthew of Harewood, the 
latter manor, with many other ancestral estates, was sold 
to Alan Bellingham. The date of this alienation of 
Levens was probably 1568. 

Burn, in his History of Westmorland, (vol. i., p. 204) is 
largely responsible for the perpetuation, if not the actual 
origination, of a strange blunder in connection with this 
transfer of Levens to the Bellinghams. He says that Sir 
Edward Redman 

was the last of the name of Redman that we have met with at 
Levens, and the estate appears to have been sold about this time 
(1489) .... At this time there was a flourishing family of the 
name of Bellingham at Burneshead, of a younger branch of which 
family one Alan Bellingham, Esquire, purchased Levens of one 
Redman by name, who then lived at Thornton, nigh Egleston 
(? Ingleton), Yorkshire. 

How misleading this statement is, is proved by the fact 
that in 1548, nearly sixty years after this alleged sale, 
Matthew Redman, of Harewood, in the account of his 
estates given to the escheator, includes Levens, as well as 
lands in Malynghall, Hind Castle, Birthwaite and Kirkby- 
in-Kendal (Harleian MSS. 4630, p. 484) — thus proving 
conclusively that Burn must in this instance have sub- 
stituted imagination for fact. 



REDMANS OF LEVENS. 75 

The later history of Levens, which is out of our im- 
mediate province, can be disposed of very briefly. 

Alan Bellingham, the new owner of Levens, was a 
younger son of Sir Robert Bellingham, a member of an 
old Northumberland family. He was a rollicking squire, 
who prided himself on being a loyal friend and a danger- 
ous enemy : — 

. , , ... Amicus Amico Alanus 

Belliger Belligero Bellinghamus ' ' ' ' 

was the alliterative couplet in which his dominant charac- 
teristics were aptly hit off. He was a man of considerable 
wealth which he spent lavishly on extending and em- 
bellishing his new home. For one hundred and twenty- 
one years Levens remained in the possession of Alan and 
his successors of the name, the last of whom, another 
Alan, is said to have gambled away his patrimony piece- 
meal to the courtly and crafty Colonel James Grahme, 
a younger brother of Sir Richard Grahme, of Netherby,' 
and Privy Purse and trusted friend of the second James. ' 
Colonel Bagot, in his story of Colonel James Grahme's 
romantic career, says that Levens was purchased by him. 
However this may be,— and Colonel Bagot's word is 
stronger than mere tradition,— the fact remains that 
Colonel Grahme, man of fashion, courtier and intriguer, 
inaugurated the third epoch in the story of Levens. He 
outlived his three sons, and when he died, after eighty 
years of a life which in its romance ecHpses fiction, his 
estates, including Levens, passed to his eldest daughter, 
Catherine, who was wife to her first cousin, Henr^ 
Howard, Earl of Berkshire and deputy marshal of Eng- 
land. Colonel Grahme left behind him a beautiful and 
lasting memorial of his occupation of Levens in the lovely 



76 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

gardens which are in the " style called ' topiary,' a term 
applied to trees and shrubs clipped into various fantastic 
shapes, either alone or in groups, or extending in long 
lines, which form the chief feature of this kind of garden- 
ing." " At present, throughout the whole of England," 
Stanhope writes, in his History of England, vol. v., p. 500, 
" there remains perhaps scarcely more than one private 
garden presenting in all its parts an entire and true 
sample of the old designs ; this is at the fine old seat of 
Levens, near Kendal." 

It is scarcely necessary to add that these gardens, 
which were laid out by " Mr. Beaumont, gardener to King 
James II. and Col. James Grahme," who also laid out 
the gardens at Hampton Court, and which cover seven 
acres, are famed for their beauty almost the whole world 
over. 

In 1757, Henry, fifth Earl of Berkshire, grandson of 
Catherine Grahme, succeeded to Levens on the death of 
his father, Viscount Andover, and he bequeathed it to 
his mother, Lady Andover, and on her death to his sister, 
Frances. Frances married Richard Bagot, fourth son of 
Sir Walter Bagot, fifth baronet, from whom it has des- 
cended to its present owner, Colonel Josceline Fitzroy 
Bagot, M.P. for South Westmorland. 

Whatever changes time and successive tenants have 
wrought in the Hall, the park of Levens still remains as 
beautiful and romantic as when, five centuries and more 
ago, the Redmans hunted the deer in it. It was enclosed 
by licence in 1360, the year of the fourth Sir Matthew's 
succession ; and in Redman times was a little more ex- 
tensive than now, including the two fields on the south 
of the oak avenue. 

Mr. Curwen, if I may further add to my obligation to 



REDMANS OF LEV ENS. 77 

him, conjures up a vivid panoramic vision of the three 
epochs of Levens Hall ownership. 

And from the realms of fancy we conjure up the warrior Redmans, 
stern and fierce, marshalling their forces by the riverside ; we catch 
glimpses of the courtly Bellinghams, in velvet and ruffles, walking 
and talking in their pleasaunce, or drinking to the health of the 
Virgin Queen in the noble Hall of Banquet ; whilst, yet again, our 
cheeks are scorched by the fierce breath of treason and unrest that 
swept over Levens in the time of the wily Grahme. 



78 



THE REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 



CHAPTER X. 



Sir Richard (I.), of Harewood, 
Speaker of the House of Commons. 

SIR Richard Redman, who now assumed the headship 
of his family and who was destined to become its 
most distinguished member, must have been born not 
later than 1360 ; for in 1381-2 we find him a full-blown 
knight and drawing revenue from his lands. This fact 
disposes absolutely of the suggestion that he was the son 
of Joan Fitzhugh, who did not lose her second husband, 
Anthony, Lord Lucy, until Richard was at least eight 
years old. He was thus almost certainly the son of Sir 
Matthew and his first wife, Lucy, whose identity, as 
stated before, it still remains to establish. 

Under the tutorship of his warlike father, Richard 
doubtless had an excellent training in arms ; and it is not 
improbable that he was with Sir Matthew at Roxburgh 
and Berwick, that he took his part in border-guarding 
and fighting, and that he may have wielded a sword in 
that " scuffle and scurry " at Otterbourne. 

His ability and promise seem to have brought him 
specially under the King's favour and protection before he 
had reached the thirties, for in May of 1388, a few 
months before the affray at Otterbourne, there appears 
(Patent Rolls 11, Richard H.) a "grant for life to the 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 79 

King's knight, Richard Redman, of all the lands and 
tenements which the King has in the town of Blencogo " 
(in Cumberland). Two years later he was entrusted with 
the responsible duty of " the survey and the control of the 
castle, the gate and the towers of Carlisle," under Henry 
de Percy, the famous " Hotspur," and of estimating the 
cost of their repair. This was in October, 1390, and in 
the following month King Richard gave the young West- 
morland knight a still further evidence of his approval 
and favour in the form of a retaining salary for his 
services. 

1390, Nov. 5. Grant for life until further order, with 
the assent of the Council, to Richard Redman, knight, 
retained for life to stay with the King, of forty marks a 
year, in support of his estate, from the issues of Cumber- 
land (Pat. Rolls, 13, Ric. II.). These royal grants of the 
lands of Blencogo and of the yearly retainer were con- 
firmed by Richard's successor, the fourth Henry, in the 
year of his accession, 1399. (Oct. 31). It is a little diffi- 
cult to understand the necessity of the royal allowance 
for the support of Richard's estates, since at this time he 
must have succeeded to his rich patrimony, as is evidenced 
by the fact that in this year he is described in a confirma- 
tion of a grant by Sir Matthew as his son and heir : — 

" Ric'us Redman, miles, filius et heres d'ni Mathei Red- 
man mil, confirmat cartam Mathei de Redman supradict, 
quondam antecessoris sui. Test. D'no Will 'o de Thirke- 
keld mil' ; &c. Dat' apud Kirkeby Kendall, in festo S'c'i 
Thoma Appl'i, anno d'ni 1390." In the same year, too, 
we find him confirming an ancient grant of lands to the 
monks of Byland, made by Henry de Redman and his son 
Matthew (Hist. MSS. Com., Rep. 10, Pt. 4). 

In this year Richard assumes a greater prominence and 



8o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

finds ampler scope for his exceptional gifts. Within the 
next twenty-three years he filled the office of sheriff of 
Cumberland no fewer than six times (in 1390-4-7-9, 1402 
and 1413) ; and in 1390 he was further enriched by the 
following grant of lands in Heversham and Hutton 
Roof :— 

Johannes, filius Radulphi Arneys, dedit Ric'o de Rede- 
mane, militi, omn' terras et tenement' sua in villis de 
Heversham et Hoton Rofe in Kendale. Test. Waltero de 
Strickland, milite, &c. (MS. Dods. 159, fol. 195''). 

Two years later we have interesting evidence of Sir 
Richard's love of knightly exercises, for we find him ask- 
ing and obtaining the King's permission to engage, to- 
gether with three companions-in-arms, in a friendly joust 
with William Haliburton and three others at Carlisle, 
from the first to the twenty-seventh of June, in the 
presence of Hotspur, to whom the spectacle of these 
eight knights engaging in daily tilts would no doubt prove 
highly entertaining. 

This long festival of jousting must have been one of Sir 
Richard's farewells to bachelor days and licence ; for it 
could not have been long after that he wooed and won a 
daughter of the first Lord Aldeburgh, and thus brought 
about a most important revolution in the family history. 

Sir Richard's wife was Elizabeth, one of the two daugh- 
ters of William, first Lord Aldeburgh, and sister of the 
second Lord who died in 1390, without offspring, leaving 
his sisters co-heirs to the barony and to large estates, in- 
cluding the castle and manor of Harewood. Of the sisters 
and co-heiresses, Elizabeth had first married Sir Bryan 
Stapleton, while Sybil found a husband in Sir William 
Ryther, of Ryther Castle. 

The following pedigree will make this descent clear : — 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 8i 

John dk Isula = Matilda de Ferrers 
2nd Lord Lisle de I (held one-third of 
Rougeinont. the manor of Harewood 

in dower). 



I 
Elizabeth = William 
3rd Lord Lisle de Insula I ist Lord Aldeburi 

de Rougemont ; 



William Elizabeth de Aldeburgh Sybil 

2nd Lord Aldeburgh =(i) Sir Bryan Stapleton =Sir Wm. Ryther, 

ob, s.p. (will, 14 Nov. =(2) Sir Richard Redman, of Ryther Castle. 
1390). of Levens. 

It was after Sir Bryan Stapleton's death that this Red- 
man knight must have gone to woo the fair widow, fresh 
from his jousting at Cariisle. As a gallant cavaHer of long 
lineage, the son of an old friend of her family, and with a 
reputation for skill in the arts of chivalry, he probably had 
no great difficulty in winning Elizabeth's hand and heart, 
richly-dowered though she was. At what precise time 
Richard married Elizabeth it is not possible to say. That 
it was not before 1393 is clear from a fine levied in that 
year 

by Elizabeth, late wife of Sir Brian Stapleton, Junior, and Sir William 
de Ryther and Sybil his wife, daughters and co-heiresses of Sir 
William de Aldeburgh, knight, deceased, of the manors of Hare- 
wood, Lofthouse, Stockhouse, Huby, Weeton, Rigton in the Forest, 
East Keswick, Dunkeswick, Healthwaite, Horsforth, Yeadon, Weard- 
ley, Stockton and Carlton, which were parcel of the manor of 
Harewood. 

In saying that the marriage took place circa 1393-4 we 
shall probably not be very far from the truth. 

Thus, early in the nineties of the fourteenth centurj' we 
find Sir Richard, at the age of thirty-three or four, wedded 
to the wealthy widow of Sir Brj-an Stapleton, the mother 
of a son and two daughters, and lady of half Harewood 



82 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

and more than a dozen other fat manors and townships ; 
the other moieties being in the ownership of Sir Wilham 
Ryther and Sybil his wife. From this period the Red- 
mans and Rythers appear to have occupied the castle of 
Harewood alternately, under an amicable arrangement 
which worked smoothly for many generations. When not 
in residence at Harewood, the Redmans would no doubt 
make their home at Levens, thus dividing their interests 
and activities between the two counties of Yorkshire and 
Westmorland. Sir Richard's wife appears among the 
legatees in the will of Sir Thomas Roos, of Ingmanthorp, 
an old family friend, dated i6th July, 1399 : — " Item lego 
domino Elizabethas Redman, meam legendam Sancto- 
rum " ; and again, fourteen years later. Sir Henry Vava- 
sour, of Haslewood, remembers her to the extent of 
leaving her a gold ring : — " Item lego dominas Elizabethse 
de Redman unum annulum de auro." {Test. Ebor. I., 
pp. 351-361. Surtees Society — and Duchetiana). 

In 1399 Sir Richard found time to indulge again in the 
knightly exercise of jousting, for he obtained permission 
to hold a tournament at Carlisle ; and in the same year 
he went with John, 3rd Lord Cobham, to Ireland, a 
journey for which he had letters of protection. In the 
following May (1400) he was engaged in the delicate 
mission of treating for peace with the Scots ; and in 1403 
he added to his duties those of sheriff of Yorkshire, an 
office which had, as we have seen, been held by his 
ancestor, Henry de Redman, two centuries earlier. 

In 1401 the Patent Rolls disclose a 

licence for Richard Redman, chivaler, and Elizabeth, his wife, to 
enfeoff John de Ingelby and William Curthorpe, parson of the 
Church of Dyghton, of a moiety of the Manor of Harewood held in 
chief, and for the latter to regrant the same to them for life with 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 83 

successive remainders to Matthew their son and the heirs male of 
his body, Richard, his brother, and the heirs male of his body, the 
heirs male of the bodies of Richard and Elizabeth (by her former 
husband) and the heirs of his body and the right heirs of Elizabeth. 

In the same year (April 14th) there was a grant to the 
King's knight, Richard Redman, in lieu of a like grant to 
him by letters patent dated 23rd April, 22 Richard II., 
which are invahd on account of the ommission of divers 
words which should be therein, of the custody of all lands 
late of Richard de Kirkebrid, Kt., deceased, tenant-in- 
chief, during the minority of Richard de Kirkebrid, his 
son and heir, with issues to the value of twenty marks 
yearly and the marriage of the heir without disparage- 
ment, provided he find a competent sustenance for the 
heir, maintain the horses, woods, enclosures and gardens 
without waste, support all charges and answer for any 
surplus. (Cal. Pat. Rolls, 2 Hen. IV.) 

In 1404 Sir Richard found military employment in 
arraying all the men-at-arms, bowmen, &c., in the dis- 
tricts of Kendal and Lonsdale : — " Rex dilecto et fideli 
suo Ricardo Redeman, Chivaler, Salutem. Sciatis quod 
assignavimus vos ad arraiandum omnes homines ad arma 
et sagittarios ac alios homines defensabiles in partibus de 
Kendale et Lonsdale in com. Westmerlandiae. Teste 
Rege apud Pomfreyt, vij die Julii." (5 Hen. IV.) 

In the following year he was empowered to exact fines 
from those implicated in the ill-fated Percy rising, in 
which the gallant, if too impulsive, Hotspur lost his life, 
at Shrewsbury. This year, too, Sir Richard was not only 
again sheriff for Yorkshire, but he was elected to represent 
that county in Parliament. In this new sphere of activity 
he must have exhibited considerable talents as well as 
zeal, for within eleven years of entering Parliament he 



84 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

reached, as we shall see, the highest office it has to 
bestow on its members. 

In 1407 we find (Fines Term. Pasche, 8 Henry IV.) the 
following fine : — 

Finis inter. petentem et Ric'um Redman, Chivaler, et Eliza- 

betham uxorem, deforciantes, de medietate nianerii de Plarwood 
(the estate was evidently settled on them for their lives, with re- 
mainder in tail male to their sons, Matthew and Richard). Si nullus 
haeres masculus fit inter eos, remaneat heredibus Briani Stapleton, 
filii predicte Elizabethe ; si Brianus obierit sine prole remaneat 
rectis heredibus predicte Elizabethe." (Dods. MS. 159, fo. 196^.) 

In the following year (1408) Sir Richard was appointed 
to receive submissions from the rebels who had flocked to 
the Earl of Northumberland's standard when he tried to 
raise the northern counties against Henry IV., and were 
defeated on Bramham Moor by Sir Thomas Rokesby, 
sheriff of Yorkshire ; and in 1409 he was appointed, with 
Richard Holme, canon of York, to arrange terms of peace 
with the Scottish Commissioners. 

Rex dilectis et fidelibus suis Ricardo Redeman, Chivaler, et 
magistro Ricardo Holme, Canonico Ebor. Salutem. Sciatis quod 
nos Constituimus et assignamus vos deputatos nostros et nuncios 
speciales. Given at Westminster, 20th Nov., 1409. (Rot. Scot, ii., 
192)- 

Thus we find Sir Richard, like so many of his fore- 
fathers, constantly occupied in responsible and useful 
work, as sheriff of two counties, as Member of Parliament, 
arrayer of troops, and as the conductor of negotiations 
for his Sovereign ; and in all this wide range of activities 
exhibiting conspicuous ability. In 1415 he reached the 
climax of his career. It was in this year that Henry V., 
taking advantage of the misfortunes of France, with her 




R1-;UMAN OL'AKTEKING ALDIiBURGH. 
Formerly in the Great Chamber of Harewood Castle. 

TO FACE P 84. 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 83 

insane sovereign, Charles VI., and the bitter struggle for 
the Regency between his brother, the Duke of Orleans, 
and his cousin, the Duke of Burgundy, a struggle which 
resulted in civil warfare, determined to carry violent war 
into that distracted country. 

Sir Richard was busily engaged during several months 
of this year in mobihsing the forces with which Edward 
sailed for France, and which in October inflicted such a 
crushing defeat on the French army at Agincourt. He 
does not appear to have taken part in this victorious 
campaign ; for on the 5th of the following month (Nov., 
1415) he was elected Speaker of the Parliament which sat 
at Northampton. In the office of Speaker he succeeded 
Thomas Chaucer, son of the great poet, and was followed 
in 1416 by Sir Walter Beauchamp. 

Sir Richard's arms (without crest or motto) are to be 
seen in a window of the Speaker's House at Westminster: 
but as they were only put there in the first half of last 
century they are of no antiquarian interest. Richard 
seems to have reaped none of the substantial fruits which 
so often fall to Speakers of the House of Commons ; and 
in this respect might have been excused for feeling a little 
envious of the good fortune of Sir Walter Hungerford, 
one of the Speakers of the preceding year, who was made 
a Baron, Knight of the Garter, Admiral of the Fleet, and 
Treasurer of the Exchequer. His election as Speaker 
was evidently during the King's absence in France, for we 
find that he was " presented to the Regent for the con- 
firmation of his election." (Rolls of Parliament, 1415, iv., 
p. 63^) 

Sir Richard's active life appears practically to have 
closed with his Speakership ; for although he lived eleven 
years longer, the Records contain but few evidences of his 



86 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HAREWOOD. 

doings. From the Patent Rolls, Henry VI., we glean 
the following further references to him. 

1422, 15 Deer. Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent, 
dated 14 June, i Hy. V., inspecting and confirming the patents 
dated 31 Octr., i Hy. IV., inspecting and confirming letters patent 
dated 5 Nov., 14 Rd. II., in favour of Rd. Redman, Kt. 

1423, 23 Apl. Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent, etc. 
(i) Letters patent dated i May, 11 Rd. II., in favour of Rd. Red- 
man, Kt. 

(2) Letters patent, dated 5 Nov., 14 Rd. II. 

(3) Letters patent, dated at Chester, 2 Oct., 21 Rd. II., in favour 
of same. 

In 1418 his first wife, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, died ; and 
it is probable that before Sir Richard re-emerged from his 
retirement he had mourned one Elizabeth and wedded 
another — Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William Gascoigne, 
Chief Justice of the King's bench. Sir William, whose 
home was at Gawthorpe, in the parish of Harewood, was 
a near neighbour and old friend of Sir Richard, whose 
senior he was by about ten years ; and no doubt the two 
families of the Castle and Hall were on intimate terms. 
It was Sir William Gascoigne, it will be remembered, 
who refused to obey the King's command to sentence to 
death Archbishop Scrope and Mowbray, the Earl Mar- 
shal, after the northern insurrection, in 1405 ; and who is 
said, although the story lacks historical support, to have 
committed the dissolute " Prince Hal " to prison for in- 
solence in Court. 

This fearless and famous judge, of whom Lord Camp- 
bell says, " never was the seat of judgment filled by a 
more upright or independent magistrate," died in 1419, 
the year after Sir Richard lost his first wife ; and it may 
have been the mutual sympathy induced by a common 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 87 

bereavement that led to a more tender sentiment between 
the widowed knight and the late judge's daughter. How- 
ever this may have been, Sir Richard and Elizabeth Gas- 
coigne became man and wife, probably about the year 1420. 

A few years later we get the last glimpse of Sir Richard's 
prominent activities. In 1424 he was commissioned, in 
company with Sir Ralph Greystoke, Sir William Ryther, 
and Sir Robert Roos, " to make inquisition in the county 
of Yorkshire as to lands, tenements, meadows, pastures, 
services, wardships, marriages, and escheats alleged to 
have been concealed from the King within the said 
county." In 1423-4 he was engaged in magisterial work 
in the West Riding of Yorkshire ; and on Nov. 17, 1426, 
six months before his death, we find his younger son, 
Richard, " paying 10 marks for acquiring from Richard 
Redman, Kt., without licence, the Manor of Blencogo, 
Co. Cumberland (of which King Richard III. had given 
him a grant for life nearly forty years earlier), by the 
name of all the lands and tenements of the said Rd. 
Redeman,, Kt., in Blencogo, held in chief." Pat. Rolls, 
5 Hen. VI.) 

Sir Richard died on the 22nd May, in the following 
year, 1426, and by his will, which is given in full in 
the Appendix, left the Manor of Levens and certain 
Harewood estates to Richard, his younger son, in trust 
for his grandson and successor, Richard, then a boy of 
eight ; on the death of this grandson without heirs, to his 
own surviving son Richard, and failing heirs of the latter, 
to John Redman, son of Elene Grene, &c. The manors 
of Kereby and Kirkby (Kirkby Overblow) he devised to 
Brian de Stapleton, son of Sir Brian Stapleton, by his 
(Sir Richard's) first wife, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, under 
certain conditions as to forfeiture. 



88 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Sir Richard's second wife, Elizabeth Gascoigne, sur- 
vived her husband more than eight years, dying on the 
2ist December, 1434. On the ist of March of this year 
the following inquisition was taken at Selby, co. York, 
on her predecessor, Elizabeth Aldeburgh ; — 

The jury say she held for life the manor of Rughford, of the gift of 
Sir Brian de Stapilton, l<night, her son ; reversion at her death to 
the said Sir Brian ; held of the heirs of Peter de Brus. The site of 
the manor is a waste place, with a little wood. There are four tofts, 
100 acres of demesne lands, etc., and a 40' rent issuing from 10 
messuages in Rughford. Brian de Stapilton, son of the aforesaid 
Sir Brian, is her heir, at 21, on Friday after St. Leonard's day last. 
The said Sir Richard Redeman occupied the manor from his death 
till he died, viz 22 May, 1436. (Chy. Inq. p.m., 12 Hen. VI., No. 18). 

It is commonly believed that Richard and his two 
wives were buried in Harewood Church, where their 
^memory is perpetuated by two magnificent altar-tombs 
of which I give illustrations. This is evidently a mistake; 
for in the list of burials in the church of the Friar 
Preachers, or the Black Friars, of York (written by John 
Wrythe, Garter King-at-Arms) the following entries 
appear : — 

It' Mess' Richard Redman chTr 

It' Elizabeth de Aldeburgh jadiz dame de Harwode. 

Thus there appears to be little doubt that Richard and 
his first wife found their last resting-place not at Hare- 
wood but at York, in spite of the altar-tomb in Harewood 
church, on which they lie sculptured side by side. This 
church of the Friars Preachers, at York, was the Alde- 
burghs' favourite place of sepulture. The second Lord 
(Elizabeth's brother) and his wife were buried there. Sir 
Richard had two sons (both by Elizabeth Aldeburgh) : — 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 89 

(i) Matthew, who died during his father's lifetime ; and 
(2) Richard, who survived him, and is probably Richard 

of Bossall (of whom later), 
and one daughter : — 

Joan. She married Sir Thomas Wentvvorth, who fought 
bravely for Henry VI., at the Battle of Hexham. Joan's 
grandson was that Sir Thomas Wentworth who won his 
knighthood by his gallantry in the Battle of the Spurs ; 
who, from his great wealth, was nicknamed Golden 
Thomas ; and who, in his later years obtained permission 
from Henry VIII. to "wear his bonnet" in the Royal 
presence. But Joan's most famous descendant was the 
great and ill-fated Earl of Strafford, who died so bravely 
on the scaffold on Tower Hill, in May, 1641, the victim 
of a weak and capricious Sovereign whom he had served 
too well. From Joan, too, came the Marquis of Rocking- 
ham, George III.'s Prime Minister, and many another 
great noble who wrote his name largely on the scroll of 
his generation. 

Sir George Duckett says that Sir Richard had another 
daughter, whose name he does not give, who became the 
wife of Richard Duket, " Lord of Grayrigg, Heversham, 
and Morland." He omits, however, to produce any 
evidence in support of this alliance. {Duchetiana, p. i5.) 



go 



CHAPTER XI. 



Sir Matthew V. 

OF Sir Richard's elder son, the fifth of the knightly 
Matthews of the line of Levens, there is practically 
nothing to record beyond the facts that he lived, married, 
and died before his father. For his wife the youthful heir 
of Harewood went a-wooing to Thurland Castle, on the 
Lancashire border, where Sir Thomas Tunstall had a 
bevy of fair daughters for whom he was no doubt pre- 
pared to welcome eligible suitors. 

Johanna was the daughter who found favour in Mat- 
thew's eyes, and he made her his wife, somewhere about 
1416. Of Johanna's sisters, it is interesting to note, 
Mary became the wife of Sir John Radcliffe ; Alice, wife 
of Sir Thomas Parr, was to become the great-grandmother 
of a Queen in Katherine Parr. Elizabeth found a hus- 
band in Sir Robert Bellingham, and from her sprang the 
Bellinghams of Levens; while Catherine married Sir 
John Pennington. This was the first of five alliances 
between the families ot Redman and Tunstall. 

When Sir Matthew died, in 1419, he left behind him 
an infant son who, seven years later, was to succeed his 
grandfather and to become the second Sir Richard, of 
Harewood. 

Note. Just thirty years after Matthew's death, another knightly 
Matthew of Redman name, for whose discovery I am indebted to 
Mr. Oswald Barron, F.S.A., the learned editor of the Ancestor, 



REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. gi 

perished gallantly on the banks of the Sark, on the Scottish border. 
This Matthew, who is described by Boec6 as " Maheus rubente juba 
(Matthew of the Red Mane) eques auratus," and by a French 
historian [Brit. Mas. Vesp., c. xvi., p. 41) as " Barberouse le Grand," 
led the van of the English army of 6000 men under Percy, eldest 
son of the Duke of Northumberland, which gave .battle to the 
Scottish forces under the Earl of Ormond, on Oct. 33, 1449. 

The Scots reeled before the deluge of arrows poured into them by 
the English bowmen, and the battle promised to end in their igno- 
minious flight, when Wallace, of Craigie, commander of Ormond's 
right column, rallied them with such eloquent scorn that they were 
" so inraiged and ruschit sa furieouslie upon the Inglisch wangaird 
with exis (axes), speiris, and halbertes," that Maheus Redmane's 
men broke and fled. Maheus himself, " a redoubtable leader," was 
slain ; and of the Englishmen 2000 perished, many of them being 
drowned in the estuary of the Sark, in which the tide was at full. 
The identity of this valiant Redman knight I have been unable to 
discover ; but it is not improbable that he may have been a cadet 
of Harewood. 

Sir Richard (II.), Knight of the Shire for 
Westmorland. 

When the first Richard, of Harewood, died in 1426, 
his successor of the same name was a boy of eight years, 
with a long minority before him, under the guardianship 
of his distant cousin, Thomas Redman, of Thornton-in- 
Lonsdale, and Sir Richard Duket, of Grayrigg, who 
according to Sir George Duckett (Duchetiana, p. 16) had 
married one of his aunts. This youthful Richard was 
destined to hold the headship of his family for half-a- 
century, a longer tenure than any of his predecessors or 
successors enjoyed. 

His tenure, however, was marked by little of the energy 
and prominent services which, as we have seen, had 
characterised those of his forefathers. In 1442, three 



92 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

years after he had attained his majority, he was elected 
Knight of the Shire for his ancestral county of Westmor- 
land ; and in the same county, and probably about the 
same time he found a wife in Margaret, daughter of 
Thomas Middleton, of Middleton Hall. 

Whatever Richard's Westmorland bride may have 
brought to him by way of dower, she was at least a lady 
of distinguished birth, with more than one strain of Royal 
blood in her veins. Her mother was a Musgrave, a mem- 
ber of a family whose founder, according to Banks, won 
for his bride by his dexterity with the spear, the daughter 
of one of the old Emperors of Germany ; while through a 
long line of De Ferrers, Earls of Derby, she could claim 
a clear descent from King Henry I., of England, and a 
distant cousinship with John de Baliol and Robert the 
Bruce. 

In 1450 Richard was enriched by a grant from his 
uncle, Richard, of lands at Hincaster, near Levens : — 
" Grant by Richard Redmane, son of Richard Redmane 
Kt, to Richard Redmane, son of Matthew Redmane Kt, 
of the land of Hincaster, which he had of the gift of John 
Marshall." (Levens Hall Papers, Hist. MSS., Com. Re- 
port 10, part 4). In 1465 he found himself in the very 
human predicament of being sued by his tailor for a debt 
he had overlooked. Among the pardons of outlawry in 
that year we find " Richard Redeman, late of Levens, 
CO. Westmorland, Esq: for not appearing before the same 
Justices to answer Roger Dawson, Citizen and Tailor of 
London, touching a debt of £55," — a sum which must 
have represented much fine raimant in those far-off days. 
(Patent Rolls, Ed. IV.) 

In the Patent Rolls of two years later, and again in 
1469 and 1477, he is referred to as a knight ; on 17th 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 



93 



January, 1471, he was in the Commission of the Peace 
for Westmorland ; and in 1474 the Patent Rolls disclose 
a grant to Thomas Twysday of the lands which the King 
has or ought to have in Blencogo, co. Cumberland, and 
which Richard Redman, Kt., lately had of the grant of 
Henry IV. Thus his placid hfe ran its uneventful course, 
making no greater demand on his energies than was 
necessary for a jaunt to Westminster or occasional hours 
spent in admmistering the laws he helped to make ; until 
in 1476 he, too, joined the Redmans who had had their day. 
Whatever else may have been his shortcomings, 
Richard made more than his due contribution to the 
population. On the evidence of the Vincent and Philpot 
Pedigrees in the Heralds' College, he had no fewer than 
thirteen children. 

Thomas Middleton = Isabel, dau. of 

Sir Richard Musgrave 
of Hartley Castle. 
(Henry VI.) 



Marg 

= RICH 
Of Le 
Westr 
Harw 
CO. V 


ARET. 

4RD Redman 

norland 'and 
Dod Castle, 
ork. 


Mabel. 
= SiR Roger 
Bellingham of 
Burneshead, Kt., 
CO. Westmorland 


3 Chi 


LDREN. 





Elizabeth. 
= Thomas Duket 
pf Grayrigg, Esq., 
CO. Westmorland. 



If this Pedigree is reliable it is quite clear that of their 
thirteen children no fewer than eight must have died 
young. At any rate the Records do not appear to 
disclose any trace of them. Sir Richard, however, was 
undoubtedly the father of 

(i) Sir William, his immediate successor. 

(2) Sir Edward, who succeeded his brother, William. 

(3) Walter, ) 

/ > TT u J I mentioned in Sir William's Will. 

(4) Richard, ' 



94 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

(5) Elizabeth, also mentioned in her brother William's 
will as his sister. She married John Preston, of Preston 
Hall and Lower Levens, a Westmorland neighbour of the 
Redmans. His father, Thomas, had married a daughter 
of a Twisleton Redman ; and, it may be interesting to 
add, from these two alliances no fewer than eight of our 
present Dukes — Norfolk, Richmond, Devonshire, West- 
minster, Leeds, Sutherland, Argyll, and Leinster — and 
many another great noble of to-day, derive a double, if 
attenuated strain of Redman blood. 

Sir Richard's inquisition was taken at Harewood in 
1476. He died on the 21st of March in that year. 

Sir William, Knight -Banneret. 

William, Sir Richard's eldest (surviving) son, had 
probably advanced some way into the thirties when he 
succeeded to the family estates which he was de3tined to 
enjoy for only seven years. Like his father he sought a 
bride in Westmorland and found her at the Castle of 
Sizergh, neighbour to Levens, in Margaret, daughter of 
Walter Strickland, Esquire, and granddaughter of the 
doughty Sir Thomas, who so gallantly and proudly 
carried the banner of St. George on the battlefield of 
Agincourt. This old warrior had died four years before 
his granddaughter, Margaret, became the wife of young 
William Redman, of Harewood. As the bride and bride- 
groom were within the fourth degree of relationship, a 
Papal dispensation was necessary for a legal union, and 
this was granted on Jul}' 22nd, 1458, by Vincent Clement, 
the Pope's nuncio. (MSS. of W. C. Strickland, Esq., of 
Sizergh.) 

The Records are tantalizingly reticent about the doings 
of Sir William. His name appears, in conjunction with 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 95 

those of his neighbour, Sir William Gascoigne, and Sir 
Richard Wentworth, in the list of " Knightes made at 
the mariage of Richard, Duke of Yorke, to Lady Anne, 
daughter and heir of John, Duke of Norff, 17 vel 18 Janu- 
arii. Anno 17 Edward IV., Anno D'ni 1477. The 
mariage was solemnized on the XVth day of January. 
These Knights were elected on the 17 day, and dubbed 
on the 18 day of the same month." (Cotton MS., 
Claudius, ciii.) 

In 1482 Sir William won the coveted title of knight- 
banneret. His name appears twelfth on the list of 
"Bannerettes made in Scotland the 24 day of July Anno 
D'ni, 1482, Anno 22 Edward IV., by the Duke of 
Gloucester." Other bannerets created at the same time 
were Sir William Gascoigne, who thus ran neck and 
neck with his neighbour, Redman, in the race for 
honours. Sir Bryan Stapleton, Sir Stephen Hammerton, 
Sir Herbert Greystoke, and Sir Henry Percy. (Cotton 
MS., as above.) 

In 1480 he found useful employment as Commissioner 
of Array for the West Riding of Yorkshire. This was at 
the time when Edward IV. was preparing an invasion of 
France to revenge the indignity of Louis' breach of the 
treaty of Pecquigni. And two years later we find him 
defendant in a suit brought by Sir William Thorneburgh 
for an illegal distress in " Selshede and Whynsell." (De 
Banco. Trinity, 22 Ed. IV., m. 314.) 

Sir William appears to have died somewhat suddenly. 
He had time, however, to dispose verbally of a few small 
legacies to his relatives and dependants. By his nuncu- 
pative will, on nth September, 1482, he gives his body to 
be buried in the church at Heversham, and bequeaths— 



96 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Waltero, fratri suo xx''. 

Johaiiui Redeman, servient! sno, iiij marks. 

Roberto Tunstall, „ „ xxxiij marks. 

Georgio Redeman, ,, c'. 

Voluit quod Georgius Redeman sit ballivus de Harwood cum 
feodo et vadiis, ad quod Edwardas frater mens concessit. 

Richardo, fratri suo, xiiij marks. 

Willelmo Redeman, xx^. 
Elizabeth Preston, sorori suae, white horse and 5 marks. He 
named as exors., Margaret, his wife, Edwardum Redeman, his 
brother. Dame (Douce) de .Strykland, Thos. Strykland, and John 
Preston. 

It will be seen that the only relatives mentioned in this 
will are his brothers Edward (executor), Walter and 
Richard, and his sister, Elizabeth; and it is fair to assume 
that if he ever had a dozen brothers and sisters, the re- 
maining eight must have ceased to be at this date. His 
inquisition, taken at Kirkby Kendal on the 14th October, 
1483, sets forth that Sir Richard Redmayn was seized of 
Levens. The said Richard had issue Matthew, which 
Matthew had issue Richard, and died in the lifetime of 
Richard his father, the which Richard the father died of 
such estate so seized, and the inheritance descended to 
Richard, as son and heir of Matthew. This last-named 
Richard had issue, William Redman, in the writ named, 
and also a son, Edward, and gave parcel of the said 
manor to William, his son, and Margaret, his wife, and 
the heirs male, &c., &c., William being under the age of 
twenty, after whose death s. p. it descended to Edward 
Redmayn as brother and heir. 

The following deals with the dower of Sir William's 
widow : — 

Inquisitio capta api^. Kirkby-in- Kendall, 21 E. IV. Jnratores 
dicunt super sacramentum suum, quod Ric'us Redman, miles, obiit 



REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 97 

sei'tus de manerio de Levyns, in d'nico suo ut de feodo, et qd idem 
Ric'us sic sei'tas dedit Will'o filio suo et heredi, et Margarete ux'i 
ejus, p' cellam manerii p' d'ci, et p' d'cus Will'us obiit de tali statu 
sei'tus. Et jur' dicunt quod Margareta Redman, nup' uxor Will'i 
Redman, militis, inventa est dotabilis, etc. Ergo escaetor assignavit 
eidem Margaret', p' Thoma' Strikland, militem, attornatum suum, 
quod Edvvardus Redman vel suus attornatus p' promoniciones e'is 
fcas assign' tertiam partem omnium mess, etc., de Levyns, etc. 
(Dods' MS. 159, fo. igb.) 

Sir William was buried according to his dying wish " in 
the middle quyer" of the parish church of Heversham, 
near the old family seat at Levens — the church in which 
the third Sir Matthew's bones had been laid nearly a 
century and a quarter earlier. In 1628 part of his epitaph 
was still decipherable. It ran thus : — 

" Redman erat certe Levens haeres, Harvirode aperte, 
" Edwardo iiijo regi meruit famulari 



" Ye rest broken." 

(MS. Dods. 119 fo. 74.) 

Sir William left no son to follow him ; but according to 
Burke, whose testimony should not perhaps be taken too 
seriously, he had a daughter Ayme, who became the 
wife of Adam Beckwith, Esquire, of Thurcroft, Yorkshire. 



98 



CHAPTER XII. 



Sir Edward, Esquire to King Richard III. 

EDWARD, who on his brother WilHam's death without 
male offspring, succeeded to the Redman inheritance, 
was a man of twenty-six at the time of his accession, as 
is evidenced by the escheat of 22 Edward IV., No. 49 : — 

The Jurors say that Sir William Redman, knight, held the Manor 
of Levens, on the day on which he died, of William Parr as of his 
Barony of Kendal, and that Edward Redman is brother and heir of 
the said WiUiara and twenty-six years of age. (Dods. MS. 70, fo. 
I4it'.) 

The new Redman Lord of Harewood appears to have 
been a man of greater enterprise and energy than his 
brother, father, or grandfather, and for a brief time 
rivalled the industry, if not the discretion, of any of his 
predecessors. Very soon after his accession, in 1483, we 
find him discharging magisterial duties in three counties — 
Westmorland, the West Riding of Yorkshire, and Wilt- 
shire ; though what took him so far south as the latter 
county it is impossible to say. In 1483-4 he was engaged 
as Commissioner in assessing subsidies, &c., in the county 
of York ; and in the same years we find him actively em- 
ployed with John, Lord Scrope, of Bolton, and others in 
arresting and imprisoning the rebels in Devon and Corn- 
wall, who had taken part in the insurrection headed by 
Henry, Duke of Buckingham, against the infamous 



REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 99 

Richard III, the failure of which cost the Duke and 
many of his sympathisers their heads. 

In 1484 Edward was busily engaged in the south of 
England as Commissioner of Array for the county of 
Dorset ; and for all these loyal services to his Sovereign 
he was rewarded by the grant of a Somersetshire manor 
and broad acres in Dorset. 

" Grant to Edward Redmayne, alias Redemayne, Esquire of ttie 
body, and the tieirs male of his body, for his good services against 
the rebels, of the Lordship or Manor of Illubruar, Co. Somerset, 
late the property of Thomas Arundell, Knight, and the lands of 
Middleton, &c., Co. Wilts., late of Roger Tocotes, rendering to the 
King £(> yearly. (Patent Rolls, 2 Ric. Ill-) 

From this grant we see that Edward was one of the 
trusted officers of Richard III., who executed the orders 
of that odious King, and on whom his favours were 
showered. Two months after Richard bad been carried 
from Bosworth field, flung limp and lifeless across a 
horse's back, and Henry VII. had come to his throne, 
Edward was fortunate in receiving a pardon for his mis- 
guided loyalty to the tyrant. On October 23rd, 1485, 
there appears a general pardon and release to " Edward 
Redmayne, of Harwode, Co. York, alias of Levens, 
Co. Westmoreland, alias of Shideoke or Chideoke, Co. 
Dorset, for all manner of offences committed before the 
date hereof." 

After this spell of exuberant activity Edward seems to 
have settled down into the less stimulating, if safer, life of 
a country gentleman. As a partisan of Richard he was 
not likely to be in great favour at the Court of the first 
of the Tudor Kings; and it may be that the exciting times 
which culminated on Bosworth field had satisfied his 
thirst for adventure. At any rate he seems to have held 



100 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

no public office of any kind for several years after receiv- 
ing his pardon. 

In 1489 it was found by an inquisition on Thomas 
Harrington, Esquire, that he held land in Lupton of 
Edward Redman, Esquire ; and in 1494 Edward emerges 
from his obscurity to assume the duties of sheriff of Cum- 
berland, an office, as we have seen, which had been held 
half-a-dozen times by his great-grandfather. Nine years 
later, in 1503, his name appears with those of Sir Roger 
Bellingham, Walter Strickland, and others in a Com- 
mission for an assessment of aid. (Rolls of Parliament, 
19 Hen. Vn.) 

In 1509 he had succeeded in getting himself into hot 
water again; for we find Henry VIII., in the first year of 
his reign, granting a pardon to " Edward Redmayn, 
brother and heir of William Redmayn, knight ; otherwise 
Sir Edward Redmayn, of Isell, in Co. Cumberland, late 
Sheriff of Cumberland, lately of Levens, in the County of 
Westmoreland, Esquire ; late Sheriff of Somerset and 
Dorset ; brother and heir of William Redmayn, Knight 
of Harewod in the County of York, Esquire ; of London 
gentleman ; late of Chideoke, in the County of Dorset." 

From this variegated description we gather that Ed- 
ward had been sheriff of the two southern counties of 
Somerset and Dorset, as well as of Cumberland ; that he 
was a knight at Isell, near the ancestral Redman ; an 
esquire at Levens and elsewhere, and a " gentleman at 
large " in London ; in fact he must have been a veritable 
chameleon among Redmans, and deserved a pardon if 
only for the embarrassing burden of his qualifications. So 
far as I have been able to discover, Edward was the last 
of his line to be prominently identified with any county 
south of Yorkshire. 




ALTAK-TOMI'.S 



REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. loi 

Edward married (possibly as his second wife) Elizabeth, 
widow of Sir — Leigh, of Isell, Cumberland, and daughter 
of Sir John Huddleston, of Millom Castle, by his wife, 
Joan, daughter of Sir Miles Stapleton. Her brother. Sir 
John, it may be interesting to note, was uncle by marriage 
of Jane Seymour, one of Henry VHI.'s Queens. Eliza- 
beth survived her husband nineteen years, dying in 1529, 
in which year there was a commission to Sir Richard 
Tempest, Sir William Middleton, and others, to make 
inquisition p. m. on the lands and heir of Lady Elizabeth 
Leigh, wife of Edward Redmayn. (Letters and Papers, 
Hen. VHL, F. & D., vol. iv.) 

Edward had at least four children — 
(i) Henry, who married Alice Pilkington and died 
shortly before his father, leaving an infant 
daughter, Joan, who, when her grandfather's 
inquisition was taken, was " one year old and 
more." 

(2) Richard, who succeeded his father on the death of 

Elizabeth Leigh. 

(3) Helen. 

(4) Magdalen. 

Joan, Edward's granddaughter, found a husband in 
Marmaduke Gascoigne, of Caley, son of Sir William 
Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, and probably died without off- 
spring. According to Sir George Duckett, who bases his 
statement principally on the Vincent Pedigrees, Joan (or 
Jane, as he calls her) had for first husband William 
Duckett, of Flintham, in Nottinghamshire, and by him 
had two sons, the younger of whom was Sir Lionel 
Duckett, Lord Mayor of London (temp. Eliz.). Accord- 
ing to the pedigree given by Sir George {Dnchetiana, 
p. 218) the elder son of this alleged marriage made his 



102 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

will in 1545, at a date when Joan, his alleged mother, was 
but thirty-six years of age, and scarcely likely to be the 
mother of a son who had reached manhood. 

Edward died on September 27th, 15 10, nineteen days 
after making his will, of which this is a full copy : — 

In Dei No'ie Amen. The viijth daie of Septemb'r, the yere of 
o' Lorde, a thousand V hundreth and ten. I, Edward Redeman, in 
a full aud hoole mynd, make my will in this maner. First, I wil 
my Soule to God Almightie, o' Lady Sant Mary, and all the Com- 
pany of Hevyn, my body to be buried in a chapell w'in the church 
of Harwood, called Redeman chapell. Also I bequeth in the name 
of my mortuary, my best whick goods. Also it is my will that my 
wiff shall have, receyve and take to her owne use during her liffe all 
maners, lands and tent's and other the p'mis's and all the p'fetts 
and issues, except xxli yerly going out of lands and tent's in Har- 
wood p'ish, which shuld grow to Richard Redeman, my sonne, and 
Elisab'h, his wiffe, and to theires male of his body lawfully begotten. 
And I will that Thoms Stray, and Hary Diks, make a lawfull 
joyncto"' according to the covenants of the Indentur made betwixt 
Sr William Gascoing knight and me for the marriage of my said 
Sonne Richard and Elisab'h, doghter to the said Sr William Gas- 
coing. Also I will that the said maners, lands and tent's, w' all 
of the p'mis's and all the profetts and issues thereof, aft^ the decesse 
of my wiffe, shall remayn to my said sonne, Richard, and to theires 
male of his body lawfully begotten, and for defaute of such issew, I 
will that all the p'mis's shall come and grow to Magdalene Redmayn, 
my doghter, and to theires male of hir body begotten by any of the 
sonnes of oon William Redeman, of twisleton ; and for defaut of 
such issew I will that all the p'mis's shall come and grow to thuse 
and possession of Jean Redeman, doghter to my sonne Herry 
Redeman, and to theirs male of hir body lawfully begotten by any 
that hight Redeman, and for defaut of such isshew all the p'miss to 
remayn to my nevew, Thomas Preston, and to theirs male of his 
body lawfully begotten ; and for the defaut of such issew I will that 
all the p'miss shall remayn and grow to theires of my body ; also 
where that I have resuyd xl li of lands for terme of yeres, lyve or 
lyves, to be disposed aud ordered at my will by indentures of 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 



103 



couenants made betwixt Sr William Gascoyng, knyght, and me for 
the marriage of my son Richard and Elisab'h, doghter of the said 
Sr William Gascoing, I will that the foresaid xl li of landes so 
resued be ordord and disposed for the welle of my soule and mariage 
of my doghter, Magdalene, at the sight of my vviff. Thorns Stray and 
Kerry Diks be recond afor Robt Rede and his felows. Also I will 
that my doghter, Alice Redeman, have an anuyte of the yerly valew 
of XX marlvs of the said xl li of landes so resuyd during hir lift, soe 
that she delyver or cause to be deliverd the indento"- made betwixt 
my lord Archbishop Sauage and me of the mariage of my sonne 
Herry and the said Alice. 

Also I will and make my wiff, and my sonne Richard, myn execu- 
tors and have the hole disposition of my goods for the welle of my 
soule and the payment of my detts. Also I bequeth to my house- 
hold s'u'nts a certayn of my moveable goods at the sight of my wiff 
and my sonne Richard. Also I desir my brod' Sr John Huddelston 
to be good brod' to my wiff, and good maister to my s'u-nts, and 
desir hym to have the oversight to the p'fo'mance of my will. These 
witnes, Henry Diks, John Stodelay, preist, Robert Sherman and 
William Cowper. 

This will exhibits Edward's keen, almost pathetic, 
anxiety that the inheritance which he was about to leave 
should at least continue to be associated with the name 
Redman. At the time of making it his elder son, Henry, 
had died without male offspring. Richard was married 
to Elizabeth Gascoigne, but no son had been born to 
them, nor indeed was a son born to Richard until eighteen 
years later. Thus there seemed to be a strong probability 
that the next generation would contain none " that hight 
Redeman." To guard as far as possible against this un- 
desirable contingency, Edward leaves his lands, in default 
of male issue of his son Richard, to his daughter Mag- 
dalen and her heirs begotten by a Redman, of Twisleton, 
and failing such heirs, to his granddaughter Joan and her 
heirs male similarly begotten by a Redman. And it was 



104 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

only in case of this third failure to perpetuate the family 
name that the inheritance was to pass into Preston 
hands. 

The following inquisitions, taken after Edward's death, 
are interesting as giving a detailed description of the 
Redman possessions at this time : — 

INQUISITION taken at Kirkby, in Kendale, Co. Westmoreland, 
14 Jany., 2 Hen. VIII., post mortem of Edward Redmayne. Jurors 
say that Edward was seized of . . . acres of land, 40 acres of 
meadow, 100 acres of wood, 500 acres of pasture, 2000 acres of 
furze and heath, and 40 solidates of rent in Leyvens, in county 
aforesaid; and of 40 messuages, 1,000 acres of land, 100 acres of 
meadow, 3,000 acres of furze in Lupton ; of 2 messuages. So acres 
of land, 40 acres of meadow in Hiaton ; of i messuage, 40 acres of 
land, and 10 acres of meadow in Hencaster; and i messuage, 10 
acres of land, i^ acres of meadow in Henshill ; and he enfeoffed 
John Huddleston, Knight, and others of the same to the use of said 
Edward and (Lady) Ehzabeth Leigh, then widow, for term of their 
lives. .And Joan Redmayne, daughter of Henry Redmayne, son of 
said Edward Redmayne is his heir, and one year old and more ; and 
and said Edward died 27th Sepr. last past. Eschaetors' Inquisitions. 
(File 116, No. 3). 

INQUISITION taken at Wearby, Co. York, 14 Novr., 2 Hen. 
VIII., post mortem of Edward Redmayn. Jurors say that said 
Edward was seized of a moiety of the Castle and Manor of Hare- 
wood ; of 2 messuages, 80 acres of land, 30 acres of meadow, and 
6 acres of pasture in Harwood, Otley Pole, and Holynhall ; and, by 
deed i Hen. VII., enfeoffed John Huddleston, Knight, and others of 
the same to the use of said Edward and Elizabeth Lighe, then 
widow, and afterwards his wife ; remainder to Richard, his son, and 
Elizabeth, his wife, and their heirs male, and in default to Magdalen 
Redmayn, daughter of said Edward, and heirs male by any son of 
Wm. Redmayn, of Twysleton. And said Edward died 27th Sepr. 
last past, and Joan Redmayn is cousin and heir of Edward, to wit, 
daughter of Henry Redmaj'n, son and heir of said Edward, and one 
year old and more. (File 217, No. 18). 



REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 105 

INQUISITION taken at Harwood, Co. York, loth June, 6 Hen, 
VIII. (1515) p.m. Edward Redmayn, late seized of the Manor of 
Hollyng Hall, and 3 messuages, 400 acres of land, etc., in Otley 
Poole, Hollyng Hall; and of 13 messuages, 100 acres of land, etc., 
in Harwode, and moiety of the Manor of Harwode ; and in i 
Hen. VIII. enfeoffed John Huddleston Knt., and others of the same 
to the use of the said Edward, and of Elizabeth Leigh afterward his 
wife, etc. (File 318, No. 13.) 

Edward's will and inquisitions present certain problems 
which, on such information as we possess, are exceedingly 
difficult to solve. In the Yorkshire inquisition (14 Nov., 
2 Henry VIII.) there is a reference to a settlement on his 
marriage with Elizabeth Leigh made in the first year of 
Henry VII. (1485), with remainder to Richard, his son, 
and Elizabeth, his wife. It is evident that either the 
transcript is incorrect or the effect of the limitation in the 
settlement at the time of the inquisition is given rather 
than the language of the instrument itself, since it was 
not possible for Edward to have had a married son in 
1485, when he himself had not yet reached his thirtieth 
year. 

Again, how are we to reconcile the fact that in the in- 
quisitions Edward's granddaughter, Joan, is described as 
his heir, to the exclusion of his son Richard ; while in his 
will his son Richard becomes entitled on the determina- 
tion of the widow's life estate, and Joan's interest in 
the inheritance is deferred even to that of her aunt 
Magdalene ? 

It is possible that Edward was twice married and that 
there was a settlement on his first marriage, under which 
Joan took as heir of her father, Henry ; and a further 
settlement on his marriage with Elizabeth Leigh under 
which Richard takes on his elder brother's death. What- 
ever may be the explanation of the mystery (and there 



io6 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

are several possible solutions), it is evident that Richard 
succeeded to the inheritance on the death of his father's 
widow in 1529. 

In the meantime there had evidently been a serious 
family dispute over the inheritance, for a letter from 
Lord Darcy to Wolsey, a few years after Edward's death, 
states that Sir William Gascoigne, Joan's father-in-law, 
is detaining the feoffment of Harewood Castle from Lady 
Leigh, and gives a history of the dispute and of the con- 
nection between the families of Gascoigne, Redman, and 
Sir Ralph Ryder. (Letters and Papers, F. & D., Hen. 
VIIL, vol. ii.) It thus seems that the problem of inheri- 
tance which we find so puzzling in the 20th century was 
a cause of family friction nearly four centuries ago. 



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RUINS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 

From Drawing by Herbert Railton. TO FACE p. io6. 



107 



CHAPTER XIII. 



Sir Richard (III.) and the Pilgrimage of Grace. 

rriHE earliest evidence of Richard's ownership of the 
-»- family estates is in 1530, when there was a confir- 
mation to Henry Ryther and Richard Redmayn of the 
charter of grant of warren, fair and market at Harewood; 
and in the two following years, and again in 1535, he was 
doing magisterial work in Westmorland. (Letters and 
Papers, F. & D., Hen. VIII., vols. iv. and v.) 

In 1536 he appears in the list of names of " Knights, 
esquires and gentlemen, with the numbers of their house- 
hold servants, who promissd to serve the King, His Grace, 
in the company and at the leading of Thomas, Lord 
Darcy, or his deputy, as he appointed upon an hour's 
warning." Richard Redman's domestic retinue numbered 
twenty-four. 

Lord Darcy's mission, it will be remembered, was to 
suppress the rising of the rural population in the North of 
England, known as the " Pilgrimage of Grace," at the 
head of which was Robert Aske, of Doncaster. Aske had 
40,000 men at his back, and for a time carried all before 
him, capturing in succession Hull and York. Darcy and 
his followers sought refuge in Pontefract Castle with the 
Archbishop of York ; and when Aske appeared before the 
Pomfret walls, both prelate and baron not only yielded 
to him but actually joined the rebels. Whether or not 
Richard Redman followed the weak example of his leader 
and shared in the fiasco with which the " Pilgrimage of 



io8 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Grace" terminated, it is impossible to say. We know, 
however, that he did not, like Darcy, lose his head as 
the result of the adventure. 

In the following year he was the hero of an unpleasant 
incident in Westmorland while hunting in the park of 
his neighbour, young Walter Strickland of Sizergh, who, 
although he was a youth still in his teens, had been one 
of Aske's followers and had been compelled to sue for 
pardon from the Duke of Norfolk for himself and the men 
of Kendal. 

On the 17th March, 1537, Anthony Layton, a relative 
of Richard's wife, deposed that " Richard Redman 
shewed him that divers of the parish of Heysam (Hever- 
sham) came to his house, 14 Jany., to swear him to the 
custom of Kendall and he refused ; also that on the 15th, 
John Stanes, with some 200 persons, took Redman while 
hunting in Sizar Park and caused him to swear." 

In this year, and again in 1539, 41 and 42, he appears 
as " Ric. Redmayn, knight," among the magistrates for 
the county in which he was the victim of such high- 
handed proceedings ; while in 1537 he was on the grand 
jury panel for York, and in the list of freeholders in the 
West Riding. Two years later he figures in the list of 
" all gentilmen within the schyer of Westmoreland " ; in 
the muster-roll for the West Riding of Yorkshire, we 
find the household of Ric. Redman, Esq., of Harewood 
Castle ; and, still in this year 1539, he was engaged with 
Sir Marmaduke Tunstall (son of Sir Brian, of Flodden, 
and father-in-law of William Redman, of Ireby) in the 
muster of the Wapentake of Yewcross taken by them on 
Bentham moor. (Letters and Papers, Hen. VIIL, 
F. & D., vols, xii to xvii.) 

Richard was twice married, (i) as we have seen from 



REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 109 

his father's will, to Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William 
Gascoigne, of Gavvthorpe, who was probably his playmate 
as a boy ; and (2) to Dorothy, daughter of William Lay- 
ton, Esq., of Dalmain, in Cumberland. Dorothy was not 
improbably a sister, certainly a near relative, of the Grace 
Layton, daughter of Sir William, of Dalmain, who at the 
same time was wife to Thomas Redman, of Ireby. The 
Laytons were an old knightly family who had been lords 
of Dalmain, in the Barony of Greystoke, since the day-s 
of Henry III. 

This third Richard of Harewood died in 1544, and the 
following are copies of the inquisitions taken after his 
death : — 

INQUISITION taken at Appleby, Co. Westmoreland, the 14 
Augt., 36 Hen. VIII. (1545), p.m., Richard Redmayn— Jnrors say 
that said Richard was seized of the Manor of Lewyns in said Co., 
and of 40 messuages, 1,000 acres of land, 50 acres of meadow, 300 
acres of pasture, 100 acres of wood, 40s. rent, 50 acres of moor, 80 
acres of moss or turf, 40 acres of furze in Lewyns (Levens), Malyn- 
ball, Hyndcastle, Brythwaith, Synderbarow, Brygster, ffostwayts, 
Lesgyll, Selside, and Kirliby-in-Kendal, and by indenture between 
him and Richard Layton, clerk, deceased, concerning a marriage 
between said Richard and Dorothy, daur. of Wm. Layton, Esqr., 
granted the aforesaid Manor and premises to said Richard Layton, 
John Tunstall, chaplain, and another to the use of aforesaid Dorothy. 
And Sir Richard Redmayn was also seized of 6 messuages, loo acres 
of land, etc., in Lupton and Hutton Ruff, and granted the same to 
Richard Fletcher and others to certain uses specified. 

Richard Redmayn, of Harwood, grants to Sir Anthony Brown 
the wardship and marriage of his son, Matthew ; and being seized 
of a capital messuage and lands, etc., in Hutton Ruff, granted the 
same to Richard Layton and others, to the use of Francis Red- 
mayne, Cuthbert Redmayne and Richard Redmayne for terms of 
their lives. And Matthew Redmayne is son and heir of said 
Richard, and 17 years old at his father's death. (File 137, No. 3.) 



no REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

INQUISITION taken at Snayth, Co. York, 14 Aug., 36 Hen. 
VIII., p.m. — Richard Redman, who died seized of a moiety of the 
Castle and Manor of Harwood and advowsons of the churches, 
chantries, etc., belonging to the said castle. {File 241, 29,) 

Richard left behind him five sons and four daughters, 
probably all of them children of Dorothy Layton ; the 
eldest of them being born eighteen years after his grand- 
father's death, when we know Richard had for wife Eliza- 
beth Gascoigne. The five sons were — 

(i) Matthew, of whom next. 

(2) William, who is mentioned in conjunction with 
his elder brother as stated hereafter. 

(3) Francis, whose life estate is mentioned in his 
father's Westmorland inquisition above. 

(4) Cuthbert, whose life estate is mentioned in the 
same inquisition, and of whom more fully later. 

(5) Richard, whose life estate is mentioned as above ; 
and the four daughters were : — 

(i) Ann, who became the wife of John Lambert, Esq., 
of Calton in Craven, and whose grandson was John 
Lambert, the famous parliamentary general, Cromwell's 
supporter and later rival, and the leading spirit of the 
cabal which overthrew his son, Richard. Ann's daughter 
Aveline married William Redman, of Ireby, and thus 
united in her descendants the lines of Harewood and 
Thornton-in-Lonsdale. 

(2) Grace, who married Richard Travers of Nateby 
(or Neatby), Lancashire. 

(3) Maud, who married Christopher Irton, of Irton, 
Cumberland. One of her descendants, Thomas Irton, was 
knighted by the Earl of Surrey on the field of Flodden. 

(4) Margaret, who married Thomas Gargrave of 
Bolton-in-Craven. 



w-s 



^ U S o H 









Kg a 

N_§Q 






112 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Matthew (VI.) 
Last Redman Lord of Harewood. 

With Richard's eldest son and successor, the sixth 
Matthew of his line, we reach the last of the half-dozen 
Redman lords of Harewood ; and it was this boy of 
seventeen who was destined to destroy the splendid fabric 
which a dozen generations had raised for him. We have 
seen from the inquisitions of his father and grandfather 
what a magnificent heritage had been accumulated through 
nearly four centuries to descend to this prodigal son ; but 
we search the records in vain to find mention of a single 
rood of all the square miles of Redman lands which he 
left behind him. 

What form his prodigality took we may never know ; 
but just as Alan Bellingham, nearly a century later, 
squandered his fine patrimony at Levens, so this thir- 
teenth head of the Redman family played " ducks and 
drakes " with his ancestral lands ; and the very time and 
place of his death are unknown. 

As we have seen, Matthew had four years of minority 
before him under the guardianship of Sir Anthony (? 
Humphrey) Brown, when his father died in 1544. In 
1548, when he had reached his majority, he gave an ac- 
count of his estate to the escheator of Yorkshire, from 
which it appears that he owned the manor of Levens, 
with lands in Malynghall, Hind Castle, Birthwaite, and 
Kirkby-in- Kendal, in Westmorland, which he held of the 
King by knight's service ; a moiety of the manor of Hare- 
wood and the Castle there ; and lands in Selside, La3-ton, 
Keswick, and Carleton, in Yorkshire, which he held of the 
King in chief. (Harleian MSS. 4630, p. 484). Thus we 
see that Levens and Selside still remained in Redman 




IF ALTAK IDMB OF SIR \VM. KVTUFK. 
By permission of Mr. H. Speight. TO face p. 



REDMANS OF HA RE WOOD CASTLE. 113 

hands after more than three centuries and a half of owner- 
ship ; and Harewood after a lapse of over a centurj' and a 
half. 

In 1561 Matthew appears to have disposed of estates in 
Westmorland to Alan Bellingham, who a few years later 
(1568) was to gain possession of Levens, Hencaster, 
Heversham, and many another fine Redman property in 
that county. 

Indenture, 18 June, 3 Elizabeth, between Matthew Readman, of 
Harwood, Co. York, Esquire, and Alan Bellingham, of Helsington, 
Co. Westmorland, of a bargain and sale of lands and tenements in 
Whinfell (Quhinfell), Kendal, which was sometime the estate of Sir 
Edward Redman, grandfather of the said Matthew. 

Five years later Matthew was called upon " to shew by 
what title he held the Manor of Harewood." (Jones's 
Inde.x to Originalia). His further dealings with the Red- 
man estates are illustrated by the following fines for the 
Tudor period : — 

1551. Robert Atherton — Wm. Ryther, Esqr., Humphrey Brown 

Kt. and Agnes, his wife, and Matthew Redman Esqr. — 

pasture land and the moiety of the site and Castle of 

Harewood. 
1560 Alexr. Rysheworthe and Ed. Boiling, gents. — Matthew 

Redman Esq. and John Pleysington, messe. with lands, 

Harewood, Wardeley, etc. 
1562. Richard Appleyard and Geo. Bentley — Matthew Redman 

Esq. — Manor of Harwood and 30 messes with lands in 

Harwood and Keswyke. 
1570. Edward Mawde— Matthew Redman Esq. — pasture land 

in Harewood. 
1573- Wm. Redman, gentn.— Matthew Redman Esqr. — messes, 

cottes and lands in Harwood, Hetherycke, Werdeley, 

etc., also the moiety of the Manor of Harewood. 

Q 



114 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

I574-5- James Ryther and William Plumpton — Matthew Redman 

Esqr. and William Redman, gentn. — ditto. 
1600. 32 Eliz. Warrant against Rither, etc., and against Mat- 
thew Redman and William — Castle, etc., of Harewood. 
Easter Term, 32 Eliz., 1600. 

Robert Chamberhn Esq., John Gregory, Esq., and Henry 

Atkinson Esq., plaintiffs. 
Henry, Earl of Kent, John Pigott, Esq., John Leighfield 
Sac. Theo. Bach., Robert Rither Esq., Edith Rither, 
Mary Rither. 
Helena Kither, Robert Stapleton Kt., Wm. Middleton 

Esq. 
Henry Bellasis Esq., Robt. Oglethorpe Esq., Wm. Ogle- 
thorpe, his son and heir apparent, and Ralph Conyston, 
deforciants. 
The castle and manor of Harewood and 30 messes and 30 cottes 
with lands and the frank pledge in Harwood, Bondgate, Newhall, 
Stocton, Lofthouse, Hetherwood, Gawthorpe, etc., etc. 

A warrant against James Rither, father of Wm. Rither and 
g'father of Robert, Edith, Mary, and Helena, and against Matthew 
and William Readman. 

The William Redman, whose name appears in these 
fines, was no doubt Matthew's brother and next in the 
entail. 

Matthew Redman married Bridget, daughter of Sir 
William Gascoigne — the last of three alliances between 
the neighbouring families of Harewood Castle and Gaw- 
thorpe Hall. 

He appears to have clung to his Harewood possessions 
until the last year of the sixteenth century when he would 
be seventy-two years of age. What became of him after he 
had stripped himself and posterity of the last of his estates 
is, to the best of my knowledge, unknown. Nor is any- 
thing known of the careers of his brothers, with the ex- 
ception of 



REDMANS OF HAREWOOD CASTLE. 115 

CUTHBERT. 

As we have seen, Cuthbert was one of Sir Richard's 
three younger sons who enjoyed a Hfe interest in certain 
lands in Hutton Roof. When the time came for him to 
seek a wife he wooed and won his fair kinswoman, EHza- 
beth, one of the daughters of Sir Oswald Wilstrop, by his 
wife Agnes, daughter of Thomas Redman, of Bossall, who 
through her mother, Anne Scrope, was descended from 
the noble families of Scrope of Bolton, Scrope of Masham, 
and Zouche. (Flower's Visitation of Yorks. 1563-4, Harl. 
Soc, vol. xvi.) 

Cuthbert must have been in the early thirties when he 
was induced to take part in the conspiracy, headed by the 
Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland, to liberate 
Mary, Queen of Scots, from durance, and place her on the 
throne of England. The rising ended, ignominiously with- 
out a blow being struck for the fair prisoner, and Cuthbert, 
who is described as "of Oosburne" (probably Little Ouse- 
burn), was among those who were later " indyted of 
conspiracy." He appears to have settled in the neigh- 
bourhood of Whitby, where he owned lands. 

In 1577 he levied a fine against Anne Wilstrop, widow, 
for the manor of Borrowbye and Newton, and lands in 
Foxholes and Claxton. 

In 1581 Ann Wilstrop and Cuthbert and Elizabeth, his 
wiie, suffer fines in respect of lands at Borrowbye, Newton, 
and Foxholes. 

In 1589 Cuthbert and Elizabeth, his wife, suffer a fine 
in respect of six messuages and lands in Foxholes ; and 
in 1596 Wilstrop Redmayne and Jane, his wife, suffer a 
fine of the Manor of Borrowby, in Lythe; and again, 
in 1599, of lands at Nawmger, Acreynges and Newton 
Moor, parish of Lythe. 



li6 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

(Borrowby and Newton are both in the parish of Lythe, 
near Whitby. Foxholes is in the wapentake of Pickering- 
Lythe ; and Claxton is near Bossall). 

The Wilstrop Redman, mentioned above, was in all 
probability Cuthbert's son or grandson. He married (i) 
Jane, 1596-9 and (2) Grace Leadbitter, of the parish of 
Leeds. In the licence for his second marriage (1608) he 
is described as "late of Newton, formerly of York Castle." 
(Paver's Marriage Licences.) 

A son of Cuthbert was probably Thomas Redman of 
Newton, parish of Lythe, and of " Usburne," who married 
Isabell (a recusant in 1604), and whose will is dated 1593. 
Isabel's will appears in 1615 ; and nine years earlier we 
find in the Yorkshire wills, the will of a William Readman, 
of Stowbrowe, parish of Fylinge (where Isabel died), who 
may conceivably have been another son of Cuthbert. 
Cuthbert had at least one daughter, Eliinor, who became 
the wife of Edward Wythes, of Westwick. (Pedigree of 
Wythe, of Westwick.) 



THE REDMANS OF BOSSALL. 



CHAPTER XIV. 



The Bishops of Ely and Norwich. 

FROM Harewood there was one important offshoot, 
the Une of Bossall, which although presenting few 
notable features of interest, was for five generations a 
family of wealth and position and, in all probability, 
counted among its members one of the ablest and most 
prominent of Redmans — Richard, Abbot of Shap and 
Bishop of three English dioceses. 

The founder of this family of Bossall was Richard 
Redman, whom there is every reason to identify as the 
younger son of the Speaker by his first wife, Elizabeth 
Aldeburgh. He has already appeared more than once in 
these pages — in 1426, when he paid ten marks for acquir- 
ing from his father the Cumberland manor of Blencogo, 
granted to Sir Richard by his Sovereign ; and again in 
1449-50 when he granted to his nephew^ the second Sir 
Richard, certain lands at Hincaster. 

Richard had land at Newton, in Whitby Strand ; and 
he had also an oratory in his Manor of " Boshall and 
Seton." 

His grandson, Thomas, who died in August, 1514, 
married Anne, daughter and co-heir of Robert Scrope, son 
of Henry, Lord Scrope of Bolton, and grandson of John, 
Lord Scrope of Masham and Upsal. Through her great- 



^ 




REDMANS OF BOSS ALL. iig 

grandmother, Lady Margaret Neville, daughter of Ralph, 
Earl of Westmorland, Anne could claim a direct descent 
from the third Henry. It was Thomas's granddaughter, 
Elizabeth, who became the wife of Cuthbert Redman, of 
Harewood, whom we have already considered. 

Dr. Richard Redman, Bishop of St. Asaph, Exeter, 
AND Ely. 

But the Bossall family is chiefly interesting from the 
strong probability that it produced in Dr. Richard Red- 
man, Bishop of St. Asaph, Exeter, and Ely one of the 
greatest of all the great churchmen of the fifteenth cen- 
tury. It has been stated, notably by the late Sir George 
Duckett, in his Dnchetiana, p. 32, that Richard, the bishop, 
was the second son of Sir Richard, I., of Harewood, and 
Elizabeth Aldeburgh ; but a very slight consideration of 
dates should have made this affiliation impossible. 

Richard was an Oxford undergraduate in 1449 (Clarke's 
Register of Oxford University), twenty- three years after 
the Speaker's death and thirty-one years after that of 
Elizabeth Aldeburgh. Even assuming that he was as old 
as twenty-five at this time — a not very probable age for 
an undergraduate — and thus that he was born in 1424, he 
would still be half-a-dozen years younger than the second 
Richard, the Speaker's grandson and successor. 

More impossible still is the suggestion that he may have 
been a son of this second Sir Richard. In this event he 
must have been junior to Edward, Richard's second son, 
who was born in 1456 ; and he could not well have come 
into the world before 1457. And yet the Richard we are 
considering was appointed Bishop of St. Asaph in 1468, 
eleven years after the earliest possible date of his birth 
under this supposition. 



120 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

It thus appears that he must have belonged to the same 
generation as the second Richard of Harewood ; and th§ 
balance of probability is that, as Colonel Parker was, I 
believe, the first to suggest, Bishop Richard was a grand- 
son of the Speaker and son of Richard of Bossall. 

He appears to have been educated at Cambridge as well 
as at Oxford, and became later a regular Canon of the 
Premonstratensian Order in the Abbey of Shap, of which, 
as we have seen, his ancestors were benefactors, being 
promoted later to the offices of Abbot and Visitor of the 
Order. His connection with the Abbey of Shap covered 
thirty-seven of the best years of his life, during which he 
worked for it and for his Order with a rare devotion. 

There is in the British Museum a transcript of a most 
interesting register of the Premonstratensian Order which 
contains a large number of the letters, citations, injuncp 
tions, etc., of Richard Redman, when abbot of Shap and 
visitor of the English province. I venture to reproduce 
a few from Dr. Gasquet's edition of this register. A large 
number of similar notes will be found in the Rev. Joseph 
Whiteside's interesting volume, Shappe in Bygone Days, 
pp. 159 et seq. 

Sec. 37. Richard Redman appears on the scene as commissary- 
general of Simon of Prdmontre, nth September, 1458; he warns 
the Abbot of Welbeck to present subsidies at the approaching visit- 
ation ; he will visit Welbeck on the gth of December, and he is to 
be met and provided for on the 8th at Papplewick, eight miles north 
of Nottingham. 

38. On March 4th, 1458-9, Simon of Pr6montr6 recalls former 
commissions to the Abbats of Begham and St. Radegund's and con- 
fers powers anew on Redman, de ciijus fide, indasiria, discretions, 
pYudentia et Ordinis zelo, quern et qiias, velut aurum in fornace proba- 
vimus. 

In 1466 Redman was appointed Visitor for twelve years; and 



REDMANS OF BOSS ALL. 121 

about five years later he asks for a renewed commission because the 
last was much spoiled by the wet, the wax of the seal being reduced 
to a pulp. Although in 1485 Redman informs Hubert of Premontr6 
that the English houses are in difficulties, three years later he is 
congratulated by Herbert that the houses are prosperous ; and in 
the same year after assuring Herbert of his good faith and explain- 
ing his difficulties, he adds that he has sent a white ambler, honestum 
et preciosum, but unfortunately pirates had captured it. He sends, 
however, by bearer, by way of substitute, 20 nobles and asks for a 
new commission. 

In 148S Redman orders the Prior of Sulby to govern the house in 
place of the dead Abbot and not to allow any of the canons to go 
wandering forth and chattering, until he can find time to preside at 
an election. In October he will be at Cockersand for an election 
there ; all canons must attend and not in the meantime gossip with 
outsiders. 

On March 28th, 1493, while lodging in London, he asks the Abbat 
of Premontre not to heed the tales of runaway canons, but to send 
them back to be dealt with. 

On October 26th, 1466, Redman has a protection from the King 
that he may suffer no harm or violence while travelling, from any 
envious persons or their accomplices. 

Redman seems to have e.xhibited remarkable zeal in the 
discharge of his duties as abbot and visitor, and by his 
example and authority to have infused a healthy spirit into 
the houses under his control. He must have been an ex- 
ceedingly busy man, since in addition to his manifold and 
arduous duties in connection with the abbey and his order 
he had for many years to conduct all the episcopal work 
of an important diocese. Indeed he is at times compelled 
to plead the great pressure of his work ; as when he writes 
that he is " plurimis et ardiiis negotiis modo in dies pre- 
peditus, but he will be at Greta Bridge on Februarj- 5th, 
1492, on his way to St. Agatha's." 

Richard was appointed to the bishopric of St. Asaph in 



122 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

1468, the licence for his consecration being dated October 
1471. During this, his first bishopric, he is said to have 
restored the cathedral of St. Asaph, which had been partly 
destroyed by fire by Owen Glendower's fanatical followers, 
nearly three-quarters of a century- before; and to have been 
implicated in the rebellion of the impostor, Simnel, the 
Pope himself adjudicating on the charge. In 1492 he was 
engaged as commissioner in treating with the Scots for 
peace ; and in the following year reached the dignity of 
membership of the Privy Council. On the death of Dr. 
Oliver King, bishop of Exeter, Richard was appointed his 
successor ; and, four years later, he was transferred to Ely. 
This was the last of his many promotions ; for after a four 
years' tenure of the Ely bishopric he died at Ely House, 
Holborn, on August 24th, 1505. 

The following is a brief abstract of the bishop's will, 
which is dated i8th August, 1505, and is in Latin : — 

I bequeath my body to be buried in the Cathedral Church of Ely, 
near the high altar there, where I have appointed and elected my 
tomb ; and I bequeath looli. for the expenses of my burial. 

Item, for the expenses on the eighth day, 20 li. 

For the expenses on the thirtieth day, 30 li. 

Item, to each of the four orders of friars in Cambridge, 20s. 

To the Prior of Ely, 20s., if he happens to perform the office of 
exequies and mass on the day of my burial. 

To each monk of Ely present at my said exequies and mass, 6s. 3d. 

Item, I bequeath to the fabric of the Cathedral Church of Ely, 
100 marl<s. 

Item, to be distributed among the poor at my burial, 20 li. 

To the Abbess and Convent of Chartres, 40s. 

To the Prioress and nuns of Sopham, 30s. 

To the Prioress and nuns of Ykleton, 20s. 

To the Prioress and nuns of Denhay, 20s. 

Item, to the monastery of the Blessed Mary Magdalene of Heppa, 
over vi'hich I now rule, all my stock there of oxen and horses, my 



REDMANS OF BOSSALL. 123 

household utensils, silver and gilt vessels and sums of money re- 
maining there, upon condition that the abbot and convent shall 
suffer my executors to pay out of such sums of money what they 
shall think meet to distribute among my kmsfolk and servants, the 
residue then remaining to the said monastery. 

I will that all my domestic or household servants shall receive 
one year's wages, and meat and drink for six months. 

Item, I ordain my executors Master James Hobart, Knight, attor- 
ney of our lord the King, John and John, abbots of Wyndham and 
Terham in the diocese of Norwich, Master William Thornburgh, 
doctor of laws, Master Leonard Midelton, doctor of decrees, and 
my nephew, Henry Dukett, my steward and kinsman, and Edward 
Chambre, my auditor of accounts of the Bishopric of Ely. 

Proved 24 October, 1505, by John, Abbot of Wymondham, and 
Edward Chambre, with power reserved, etc. (P. C. C. Holgrave 38.) 

The Bishop was buried in Ely Cathedral, where a mag- 
nificent altar-tomb perpetuates his memory. Of this tomb 
Cole (MS. 41, p. 113) gives the following description : — 

On the south side of the altar-tomb are three coats : i. Gules, 
two keys endorsed and a sword run through them, all en saltire, or; 
the original arms of the see of Exeter ; 2nd. in a larger shield the 
arms of Bishop Redman, ist and 4th, gules, 3 cushions ermine, 
tassels or, 2nd and 3rd. gules, a lion rampant argent ; 3rd, gules, 3 
coronets, or, for the see of Ely. At the foot of the altar-tomb, a 
very small coat of Ely bishopric. On the other side of it half Red- 
man, viz.: 3 cushions and a lion rampant under them, impales 
Exeter as before ; on the other side, half of Redman, as before, im- 
pales Ely. 

Dr. William Redman, Bishop of Norwich. 

Nearly a century after the death of Richard, Bishop of 
Ely, there died another Redman bishop — who, from his 
arms, also appears to have sprung from Harewood, 
although his connection with that branch of the family 



124 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

has not, I believe, yet been traced — to whom the Calendar 
to the State Papers contains this reference : — 

1602, October 15. Dr. Redman, Bishop of Norwich, is dead — 
" one of the wisest of his coat." 

Dr. William Redman, Bishop of Norwich, was the only 
son of John Redman, of Great Shelford, Cambridge, and 
Margaret, his wife. He entered Trinity College, Cambridge 
(of which, by the way, one of his family. Dr. John Red- 
man, was the first Master), in 1558, and took his bachelor's 
degree five years later. In 1571 he was appointed rector 
of Ovington, Essex. In 1589 he became Canon of 
Canterbury, and, after other preferments, was appointed 
Bishop of Norwich in 1594. He married Isabel Calverley, 
who survived him eleven years ; and died in 1602, leaving 
four sons and as many daughters. He was one of the 
executors of Archbishop Grindal, of York and Canterbury. 
(Corpus Athenas Cantab., Nat. Diet. Biog., etc.) 

Many members of the bishop's family are buried in the 
church of Great Shelford, and the abundant information 
given in their epitaphs, which follow, make it easy to con- 
struct this pedigree : — 



WlLLIAM = ISABEL CALVERLEY, ANNE= (l) COLWELL. 

Archdeacon of Canterbury, I ob. 1613. (2) H. Jackson, 

Bishopof Norwich, job. 1602. of London. 



William. Drew. Hardres. John. Sarah. Elizabeth. Afra. Mary. 
ob. ante ob. ante ob. 1612 

1613. 1613. 

The following epitaphs are in the church of Great 
Shelford, Cambridge. Against the north wall : — 



REDMANS OF BOSSAII,. 125 

Of your charyte pray for the sowle of JOHN REDMAN, which 
decessedthe XXVIII day of September, Ac D'ni M°VoLVIII, and 
lyeth here buryed under this stone, whose soule God p'do'. 



Here lyeth interred expecting a joyful! resurrection,' the mortal 
part of ISABEL REDMAN, widowe, late wife of the reverend 
father WILLIAM REDMAN, Lord Bishop of Norwich, to whome 
she brought 4 sonnes, William, Drew, and Hardres surviving, and 
John deceased ; and as many daughters, Sary, EUzabeth, Afra, and 
Mary ; the first and last dying before her. A gentle woman endued 
in good measure with the blessings of nature, fortune and grace, but 
especially this last, which enabled her to direct all her actions in 
piete and patience in this transitory life towards the attaining the 
aeternall, to which in Christ she was called the VII day of Decem- 
ber, in the yeare of grace, 1613. To whose sacred memory her 
loving Sonne, Wm. Redman, Esquire, hath mourninge erected and 
consecrated this present monument of his sorrow, love and dutye, 



To the loved memorie of mi deare sister, MARY REDMAN, a 
young gentealwoinan enriched above her age with all maidenly 
vertues, whom too hasty death in the prime of her yougthe pluckt 
as a faire flower from the face of the earth to sticke in the bosom of 
heaven, to which she alwaies aspired, Ao Domini, 1612, and lieth 
buried in this parish ; as also of my brother and sister, JOHN and 
SARA, who both died infants and are buryed, he in Saint Mary 
Acte's Church, she in Christ's Church in Canterbury ; theyr loving 
brother, Wm. Redman, Esquire, hath dedicated this testimony of his 
affection. 



Adjoining Arms at the east end of the chancel : — 

Az., on a chief erm., a lion rampant. Crest : on a cap of main- 
tenance a Hon rampant, issuant. 



126 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 
Monument against the S.E. wall : — 

Crest defaced ; gules, a cross sable, between four cushions sable, 
tasseled or. 

1615. Beati sunt mortui qui moriuntur in Domino. 

To the revered memory of Master JOHN REDMAN, of this 
Parish, gentleman, and Margaret his wife, after his decease maryed 
to Christopher Torrell, Esquire, both buryed in this Church, their 
loving grandchild, William Redman, Esquire, hath dedicated and 
inscribed this small witness of his greater dutie. They had issue 
one Sonne, William, sometime Archdeacon of Canterbury, and after 
lord bishop of Norwich, married to Isabel Calverly, hereunder 
intered ; one daughter Anne, first married to CoUwell, and after to 
H. Jackson, of London. 



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U<MS KORMF.RI.Y IX HARKWOOD CASTI.K AND CHURCH. 

By permission of Mr. H. Speight. TO FACE P. 127. 



HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE AND CHURCH. 



CHAPTER XV. 



The Manor. 

rPHERE are probably few manors in England which 
-L can boast such a long sequence of illustrious lords as 
that of Harewood, from the Norman Romelli, who must 
have known the Conqueror, down to the son of the ill- 
fated Earl of Strafford, who had Redman blood in his 
veins and who was the last of the line in whom we are 
immediately concerned. 

At the time of Domesday Harewood was as flourishing 
a parish as any in William's dominions. It had within its 
boundaries eight townships — Harewood, Alwoodley, East 
Keswick, Weardley, Wigton, Wike, Dunkeswick, and 
Weeton, — and it spread itself over 12,180 acres, or more 
than nineteen square miles of fertile lands. So well cul- 
tivated were the Harewood acres in those far-away days 
that more than two out of every three of them were bear- 
ing crops, and of these 1,800 were in the manor of Hare- 
wood alone. 

When William won his English Throne and began to 
lavish rewards on his followers it was not likely that so 
rich a prize as the Harewood lands would long be over- 
looked. They fell, together with the larger, if less fertile 
neighbouring fee of Skipton-in-Graven, to the share of 



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HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE 6- CHURCH. 129 

Robert de Romelli, one of William's soldiers. Thus, long 
before the close of the eleventh century we find the old 
Saxon lords of Harewood displaced and a Norman warrior 
reigning in their stead, lord of more splendid possessions 
than were ever theirs. 

Romelli's daughter and heiress, Cecily, married William 
de Meschines, brother of Ranulph, Earl of Chester, and 
great-great-nephew of the Conqueror, to whom Henry I. 
had granted the large Cumberland barony of Copeland, 
which comprised all the land lying between the rivers 
Duddon and Derwent and between the lakes Bassen- 
thwaite and Derwentwater. The second generation of 
Harewood lords thus added to their already vast posses- 
sions in Yorkshire a substantial slice of the county of 
Cumberland. 

William and Cecily were not sparing of their wealth, 
part of -which they devoted to the founding and rich en- 
dowment of a priory at Embsay ; and when William was 
gathered to his fathers, his widow endowed the priory 
with more fat lands in honour of her lord's memory. Two 
sons appear to have been born to Cecily — Ralph and 
Matthew, — but they must have died young, for she was 
succeeded in her possessions by her two daughters and co- 
heiresses, Avice and Alice, each of whom, as was natural 
to such well-dowered brides, made a splendid alliance. 

Alice, who on her mother's death became Lad)- of the 
Skipton fee, found a husband in William Fitz Duncan, 
Earl of Murray, owner of the large Cumberland barony of 
Allerdale-below-Derwent, and near kinsman to the Scot- 
tish King. It was the son of this union, the " Boy of 
Egremond," who was so tragically drowned in the waters 
of the Strid in Bolton Woods, and whose untimely end 
has found such a sympathetic describer in \\'ordsworth: — 

s 



130 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

He sprang in glee, — for what cared he 
That the river was strong and the rocks were steep ? 
But the greyhound in the leash hung back, 
And checked him in his leap. 
The boy is in the arms of Wharfe 
And strangled by a merciless force ; 
For never more was Romelli seen 
Till he rose a lifeless corse 

Thus perished Fitz Duncan's only son, the child of 
great hopes and brilliant expectations, who was not only 
heir to a small kingdom in lands, but, as second cousin to 
Malcolm, King of Scotland, and in the same nearness of 
kinship to Henrj' II. of England, might even have aspired 
to a throne. Of his heartbroken mother Wordsworth 
says : — 

Long, long in darkness did she sit 

And her first words. Let there be 

In Bolton, on the Field of Wharfe 

A stately Priory. 

But to return from this digression which has proved 
irresistible, to the strict line of Harewood lords. It was 
to Alice's sister, Avice, that Harewood fell with other rich 
lands ; and she took them as dower to Robert de Courcy, 
Baron of Stoke Courcy, in Somersetshire, who fell in 
battle at Coleshill, Wales, in 1157. The next Lord of 
Harewood was William de Courcy, son of Robert and 
Avice, who married Matilda, a daughter of Roger Gul- 
diffre ; and who, after twenty-eight years' tenure of his 
inheritance, was followed by his son, also William de 
Courcy, who died without issue a dozen years later, in 
1197. 

Once more we encounter a lady of Harewood in Wil- 
liam's sister, Alice de Courcy, who became the wife of 






J^- 



"%■ 






' :f^ 



. :^^ 



RUINS OF BOLTON PRIORY. 

From Drawing by Herbert Railton, TO face p. 130. 



HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 131 

Warine Fitzgerald, chamberlain to King John. Another 
Warine Fitzgerald followed, son of Alice de Courcy ; and 
in 1208 we find a grant from King John of " free warren 
in Harewood, and a fair there every year for three days in 
July, and also a market to be held every Monday for agri- 
cultural produce." This second Warine Fitzgerald was 
succeeded by his only daughter, Margery, who had for 
husband Baldwin, son and heir of William de Redvers, 
sixth Earl of Devon, and was left a widow in 1216. Ac- 
cording to Matthew Paris the unhappy young widow was 
forced by King John to marry "that impious, ignoble 
and base-conditioned man, Falk de Breant," which mar- 
riage inspired the following lines by a contemporary 
poet — 

Lex connectit eos, amor et concordia Lecti. 

Sed Lex qualis ? Amor qualis ? Concordia qualis ? 

Lex exlex ; amor exosus ; concordia discors. 

During her widowhood Margery granted the mill of 
Harewood to the church of St. Mary of Bolton, " for the 
health of my soul, and Warinus, son of Geroldus, my 
father, and Alice de Curci, my mother"; and to the 
convent of Arthington she gave a moiety of her lands of 
Healthwaite, etc. (Harleian MSS.) 

Baldwin de Redvers, Margery's son, became, on his 
grandfather's death, seventh Earl nf Devon and Lord of 
Harewood ; and on the death of his son and heir he was 
succeeded in his enormous estates by his daughter Isabel, 
wife of William de Fortibus, Earl of Albemarle, who was 
lord of the Skipton fee, the manor of Harewood and the 
Craven fee thus being reunited after several generations 
of severance. Isabel had three sons who died young, and 
a daughter, Aveline, who, on the death of her parents, 



132 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

succeeded to the earldoms of Albemarle and Devon, to 
the barony of Skipton, the sovereignty of the Isle of 
Wight, and the lordship of Harewood. An heiress so 
richly dowered as Aveline was a prize well worth the 
winning of a King's son; and thus it came to pass that 
as a young girl of eighteen, as remarkable for her beauty 
as for her immense possessions, she was mated with 
Edmund Plantagenet, afterwards Duke of Lancaster, 
Henry Ill's son, the King and Queen and almost all the 
nobility being present at the wedding. Thus for a tew 
years there was a Royal lord of Harewood ; but Aveline's 
tenure of her vast estates was short, and dying without 
issue, tbey passed into other hands. 

Harewood found its next lord in Robert, Lord de Lisle, 
of Rougemont, a lineal descendant of Alice de Courcy and 
Warine Fitzgerald, who was also lord of many another 
manor in Cambridgeshire, Oxfordshire and other counties. 
Robert was father of a valiant son in John de Lisle, his 
successor in the barony, and to him he gave the manor of 
Harewood " to enable him the better to serve the King in 
his wars." Sir John seems to have been a very doughty 
knight ; he fought right gallantly against the French at 
Vironfosse, was a commander at the seige of Nantes, and 
saw a great deal of fighting in Gascony and elsewhere. 

Sir John was made a banneret, and " for his good 
services done to King, he granted him a pension of ;^200 
a year for life," to support his new dignity ; he was 
created a baron for valour in battle — some say on the field 
of Crecy ; was made sheriff for life of the counties of Cam- 
bridge and Huntingdon, and governor of Cambridge 
Castle ; and all these dignities were crowned by his in- 
clusion in the first batch of Knights of the Garter at the 
institution of that Order. 



■HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 133 

On his death, in 1356, from a too well-aimed Gascon 
arrow, he was succeeded at Harewood and elsewhere by 
his son, Robert de Lisle, third baron, who after a brief 
tenure of his dignities and estates died without offspring, 
leaving a sister and heiress, Elizabeth, whose hand and 
lands were won by William de Aldeburgh, a gallant 
knight and trusted friend of Edward Baliol, King of 
Scotland. 

Aldeburgh. 

The family of Aldeburgh, into whose hands the castle 
and manor of Harewood now came, counted but three 
-generations of any real interest to posterity, but they were 
generations distinguished by valour and high position. 
The father of the new lord of Harewood was Ivo de Alde- 
burgh, a great fighter in his day, with a brilliant record of 
doughty deeds in the wars waged against the Scots. We 
find that in 1298 Ivo lost a dark bay horse in a sally 
made, upon the day of Magdalen, on Nesbit Moor, after 
the siege of Roxburgh was raised. (Stevenson's Uocts., 
illustrative of Scotland.) He lost another horse valued at 
loo^, in a sally at Penyerhocke ; and a third charger, 
this time a dark grey, when supplies were thrown into 
the Castle of Stirling. In fact, to have Ivo on his back 
seems to have been almost equivalent to a death certifi- 
cate to the 13th and 14th century horse. 

In Dods. MS. 35 f. 126-135, we find references to the 
payment of Ivo and his two squires when fighting under 
Edmund, Earl of Kent ; his name figures in the roll of 
King Edward's followers at Dunfermline and elsewhere in 
Scotland in 1304 — (the list is endorsed " Nomina magna- 
tum qui morabuntur cum domino Rege apud Dumfermelyn 
in guerra Scoc' ") ; and again among the " magnates " 



134 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

who served under the King at the siege of Stiriing ^1304). 
In the following year he was appointed sheriff of the 
shires of Edinburgh, Haddington, and Linlithgow ; he 
was a commissioner of array in Tyndale in 131 1 ; in 1321 
he was sheriff of Rutland county and custos of the castle 
of Oakham ; and six years later he was treating for peace 
with Robert Bruce, King of Scotland. 

Such was Ivo, father of William de Aldeburgh, who 
won a well-dowered bride in Elizabeth de Lisle, Lady of 
Harewood. 

William was less conspicuous than his father as a 
warrior, and is chiefly interesting to his descendants as 
the friend of Edward Baliol, from whom, as we shall see 
later, he received large grants of Scottish lands. In 1368 
he was sent on a diplomatic mission to Rome, " to treat 
with Pope Urban V.," and he was summoned to Parlia- 
ment as a Baron from 8th January, 1371, to Sth August, 
1386. 

WilHam and Elizabeth de Lisle had three children ; a 
son William, the second Baron Aldeburgh, who, in 1388, 
was engaged with the fourth Matthew Redman in array- 
ing men-at-arms " for the defence of the realm against 
the Scots." He married Margery, daughter of Thomas 
Sutton, of Sutton in Holderness, from whose will I quote 
later, and died without issue in 1391, his barony falling 
into abeyance, and his estates going to his two sisters and 
co-heiresses : — (i) Elizabeth, who married (i) Sir Brian 
Stapleton, and (2) Sir Richard Redman (I.); and (2) Sybil 
who became the wife of Sir W. Ryther, of Ryther Castle. 

The following pedigree may be useful in making these 
descents more clear : — 



HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH, i 

of Riug^emont.^'um^"'^'''"'''"'"'' ^^^"^^"S' ^^0 DE Aldeburgh = Ma 
moned to Parliament 
as baron, 25th Nov., 
1350. 



35 



ROBERT, Lord DE LISLE ELIZABETH = WILLIAM DE ALDE- 

3rd baron of Rougemont, DE LiSLE 



summoned to Parliament 
20 Nov., 1360, ob. s.p. 



summoned to Parlia- 
ment as Baron Alde- 
burgh, S Jan., 1371 ; 
buried at Aldeburgh* 
in Riohmondshire. 



Elizabeth DE = (i) Sir Brian William de = Margery SvLlde-SirW 

ALDEBUHOH. , fXAPLETON. ALDEBHROH SUTTON. 'lll\"' ~ l^^r]^ 

(2; SIR KICHD. 2nd baron, nnnr.a „<■ 

REDMAN (L) Ob. s.p. 1391. ^"''°"' K°f,, 

Buried in the ci'^H^ 

Friars Prea- ^^"'^■ 

chers at York 

Ryther. 

The family of Ryther which, through Sir William's 
marriage to the Aldeburgh co-heiress, Sybil, was for so 
many generations to share the ownership of the castle 
and manor of Harewoud with the Redmans, had for at 
least two centuries and a half been lords of Ryther on the 
Wharfe (about two miles from Cawood). As early as 
1150 the name of Walter de Rithre appears as witness to 
the foundation charter of the neighbouring nunnery of 
Appleton ; and Walter was followed by a long succession 
of Ryther.s eminent for their services on the battlefield, 
in Parliament and in the Church. 

One of the greatest of them all was Sir William de 
Ryther, who was present at the famous siege of Carl- 
averock (1299). 



* On the wall of the north aisle of Aldeburgh church there is still to be seen a 
S^rremlini^ng' s WiYl^S^D^^L &'«"£''■ p^'^'^ o^'V P^n'ol the !n?crip^ 

l!deburgh''s rath -^L'.° .:-^?,L 'p%To^ '° '"^ '^'^ °' "^^ «^- ^'''-^ "-^ 



136 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

William de Ridre was there, 
Who in a blue banner did bear 
The crescent of gold so fair. 

He fought in Gascony and took part in many a raid 
into Scotland and affray on the border during the troub- 
lous years that ended the thirteenth and opened the 
fourteenth centuries. He was dubbed knight banneret 
for prowess on the battlefield, and was summoned to Par- 
liament in 1279 as baron of the realm. 

William's son, John, was, according to Dugdale, gover- 
nor of Skipton castle in 1309. Robert de Ryther, next 
on the roster, spent his days in. exchanging blows with 
the Scots. His successor, John, was both soldier and 
diplomatist. He fought with his King (Edward IK.) in 
Picardy, was present at the sieges of Tournay, Vannes 
and Morlaix ; took a brave part in the battle of Sluys, 
and was in many of the hottest corners at Crecy ; and 
yet, to his honour be it said, this " hero of a hundred 
fights " would have nothing to do with titles, and 
carried his scars to the grave of a modest esquire. It 
was probably the son of gallant William who won the 
hand of Sybil Aldeburgh and became ancestor of more 
than two centuries of Harewood lords. The last of the 
Harewood line of Ryther was James, who died in 1637, 
and was possibly the last tenant of the castle. 

We have now, however imperfectly, traced the long line 
of the lords of Harewood from the days of the Conqueror 
down to the verge of the Civil War which, in all proba- 
bility, closed the " long, eventful history " of their castle. 
As we have seen, the Redman ownership of a moiet}- of 
the manor ceased about the year 1600, when it followed 
in the wake of the other family estates squandered by 
Matthew. When and under what circumstances the 




ALTAR-TOMB OF SIK. \VM. KVTHKH, IN RVTHKR CHURCH. 

By permission of Mr. H. Speight. to f.\ce P. 136. 



HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 137 

other moiety passed out of the Ryther hands is at the 
best a subject for speculation. All that we know is that 
in some mysterious way, which may someday be made 
clear, the two moieties were reunited in the family of 
Wentworth ; and, it is said, were carried into that family 
by Margaret Gascoigne, daughter and heir of Sir William 
Gascoigne, of Gawthorpe, on her marriage to Thomas 
Wentworth, high sheriff of Yorkshire. 
On this pomt Whitaker says : — 

how or when the property of the Redmaynes terminated at Hare- 
wood is uncertain. Henry Redmayne, however, had a daughter 
and heir, Johanna, married to Marmaduke, fourth son of Sir William 
Gascoigne, and if the estate was unentailed, one moiety of the manor 
of Harewood may have accrued to the Gascoignes by that match 
(we have already seen that it did not. — W.G.) If otherwise, it may 
have been sold to them by Matthew Redmayne, who also married a 
Gascoigne. The moiety of the Rythers must have been purchased 
by Gascoigne. 

However this may be, it is beyond doubt that the castle 
and manor of Harewood were among the possessions of 
Sir William Wentworth, son of Margaret Gascoigne and 
Thomas Wentworth, and from him they descended to his 
son. Sir Thomas Wentworth, the great Earl of Strafford, 
Knight of the Garter, and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. 
It is probable that Lord Strafford never made his home 
in Harewood Castle ; he seems to have preferred the 
more humble, and possibly more comfortable; hall of 
Gawthorpe, which had sheltered Chief-Justice Gascoigne, 
his great ancestor, two centuries earlier. It was to this 
ancestral home of the Gascoignes, which used to stand a 
few hundred yards south of the present Harewood House 
and of which to-day no trace remains, that the greatest 
of all the Wentworths loved to escape from the stress and 

T 



138 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

rancours of public life, there to forget even his ambitions 
for a time in his passion for rustic peace. 

How sincere was his love of this country home we can 
see from his letters. Indeed this man whose lot was cast 
in such a turbulent environment was the most domestic 
of men, who under other conditions would have made an 
ideal, home-loving country squire. This is how he writes 
at Gawthorpe on August 31st, 1624 : — 

Our harvest is all in, a most fine season to make fishponds ; our 
plums all gone and past ; peaches, quinces and grapes almost fully 
ripe, which will, I know, hold better relish with a Thistleworth 
palate. These only we country men muse of, hoping in such harm- 
less retirements for a just defence from the higher powers, and, 
possessing ourselves in contentment, pray with Dryope in the poet : — 
" Et si qua est Pietas, ab acuta vulnere falcis 
Et pecoris morsn frondes defeudite nostras." 

In such a strain of rural contentment might Horace 
have written from his Sabine farm, or Virgil from his 
father's farm on the banks of the Mincio ; and yet when 
Strafford penned these lines he was on the brink of that 
turbulent, if splendid career which, after loading him with 
honours, ended so tragically, seventeen years later, on 
Tower Hill. And again, in 1636, fresh from his almost 
regal rule of Ireland, he wrote to Laud from his Gaw- 
thorpe retreat : 

I am gotten hither to a poor house I have, having been this last 
week almost feasted to death at York. Lord ! with what quietness 
in myself could I live here, in comparison of that noise and labour I 
meet with elsewhere ; and, I protest, put more crowns in my purse 
at the year's end, too. 

His last thoughts on the scaffold were of his distant 
Harewood home, and of the family and servants he had 
left there to mourn him : — 



HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 139 

Next, Lord, was his dying prayer, we commend unto Thee that 
family, that house which is now ready to be left desolate, that wife 
which by and by shall want a husband, those children which by and 
by shall want a father, those servants which by and by shall want a 
master. O blessed Lord, be Thou a husband to that widow, a 
father to those orphans, be Thou a master to those servants. 

After Lord Strafford's execution, Harewood manor with 
other large estates descended to his son WilHam, who, on 
the re-estabhshment of the monarchy, was restored to all 
his father's honours. This second Earl Strafford, the last 
of the long line of Harewood lords connected by ties of 
blood, sold the manor and castle in 1657 to two London 
merchants, Sir John Cutler and Sir John Lewis. That it 
was financial embarrassment which compelled Lord Straf- 
ford to part with these ancestral possessions is evidenced 
by two letters from his lordship to Cutler, asking for an 
advance of the purchase money, in one case " for the 
redeeming of some Jewells and towards y® somme y'. Coll 
Bright is to have, and this must necesarylie be done 
to-day." 

The advertisement of the sale is so interesting that I 
am tempted to quote the following passages from it : — 

loth Novemb., 1656. 

A particular of the castle and mannor of Harwood, conteyneinge 
the mannor of Gawthorpe and divers lands, tenem'^ and hereditam's 
hereafter mentioned, in the county of Yorke, belonging unto the 
Right Hono'ble Will'm Earle of Strafford : 

The Castle decaied. 
The seigniory noble, of a great extent, though formerly greater be- 
fore the out parts thereof was cutt of. 

The castle of Harwood decaied, yet the stones thereof being 
much ashler, and the timber that is left fit for building an hansom 
new house, etc., may save a deal of charges in the stone work, or 
els (if allowed to tennants of Harwood towne, for repayers and 



140 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

building) would bee very useful!, and necessary and serviceable for 
that purpose, considering it is a market-towne, . . . 

There is a charter for a market to bee held every Munday in this 
towne of Harwood, w'^'" charter was procured by my late lord of 
Strafford, about 23 years agoe w"" 2 head faires besides a fortnight 
faier in summer tyme etc. There is a mannor of a great extent, w'" 
court leet and court baron, waives and estrayes and fellon goods, 
etc., belonging the same, also large comons, the whole Lo" stored 
with all kind of wild fowl, the River of Wharfe there affording great 
store of fishe, as salmon, trout, chevins, oumers and eyles. 

The Lord of the Mannor being the impropriate hath the presenta- 
tion of the Vicar to the Viccaridge. 

In the grounds contained in this particular there is great store of 
timber, trees and wood, besides the hedge rowes and besides wood 
to be left for the repayer of houses and mill dames, worth at least 
2000/^. 

The stank or pond att HoUin Hall is well stored with carpes and 
eyles. The stank or pond at Gawthorpe w'h trout, roch, gudgeon 
and eyles. 

Then follows a detailed description of Gawthorpe Hall, 
"the materealls of which house, if sould, would raise 500^^ 
at least," and of the park, garden and orchards. 

The court leet and court baron, it is explained, ex- 
tended over the following townships : — Harewood, East 
Keswick, Wike, Wigton, Weardley, Weeton-cum-Wescoe- 
hill, and Dunkeswick. 

The sale was completed on the i6th June, 1657, and 
the parties to it were, on the first part, the Rt. Hon. 
William, Earl of Strafford ; Thomas Chichiley, of Wim- 
pole, in the county of Cambridge, esquire ; John Rush- 
worth, of Lincoln's Inn, esquire ; and John Morris, of 
London, gentleman. On the second part, John Cutler, 
of London, esquire ; on the third part, John Lewis, of 
London, esquire ; and on the fourth part, George Lulls, 
of the Middle Temple, London, gent., and William 
Daynes, of London, gent. 



HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 141 

The price stipulated was as follows : — 

Harwood, Gawthorpe, Loftus or Loft- £ s. d. 

house, Weardley,Weeton, Dunkeswick, 

Huby, Nuby, Wescoe Hill, Swindon, 

Rigton, Broad Elves, Wigton, Alwood- 

ley, East Keswick, Keirby, including 

the Rectory of Harewood, the Great 

Tythes, and the Advowson of the 

Parish Church. ----- 25,347 ^8 8 

Shadwell and Wike - . . . 2,680 3 6 

With Sir John Cutler, into whose hands Harewood 
came and to whom reference is made later, we have little 
concern. He seems to have made his home at Gawthorpe 
Hall, where he led a life of miserly seclusion attended by 
one old servant. Maude in his Verbeia says :— 

Thither by whim or thrift was Cutler led 
To scanty viands and his thrice-laid bed, 
Where spidered walls their meagre fate bemoaned 
And Misery, the child of Avarice, groaned. 

He died in 1693, devising his estates to his daughter, 
Elizabeth, wife of the Earl of Radnor, with remainder to 
his relative, John Boulter, esquire, who succeeded to the 
estates on the death of the countess, three years later, 
without issue. 

The new owner of Harewood, who also lived at Gaw- 
thorpe Hall, proved, according to Thoresby, to be " a 
most worthy gentleman," and charitable withal. After 
his death the manor with its appurtenances was sold, in 
1738, by his son's trustees, to Henry Lascelles, Esquire, 
whose son and successor in the ownership was created 
Baron Harewood, in 1790 ; and on his death, without 
issue, five years later, it passed to his cousin, Edward 



142 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Lascelles, Esquire, who was created in succession Baron 
Harewood, Viscount Lascelles, and Earl of Harewood. 
To-day the lands and ruined castle, whose history and 
varied fortunes we have traced through more than eight 
centuries, form part of the large possessions of his descen- 
dant, Henry Ulick Lascelles, fifth and present Earl of 
Harewood. 

The Castle. 

The famous Yorkshire castle, which was the home of 
six generations of Redmans, has for more than two 
centuries been a dismantled ruin — which, however noble 
in its decay and however picturesque, is but a pathetic 
reminder of long-gone days when it so proudly dominated 
the broad lands of which its lords were masters. 

There seems to be some probability that there was a 
castle on the same site at a period not very long after the 
Conquest. Camden speaks of one, of which the " Curcies " 
were lords in the days of Stephen, when stout baronial 
castles rose in hundreds in every part of England ; and, 
as some evidence of the existence of this earlier structure, 
King, in his History of British Castles, gives drawings of 
two windows, which once formed part of the present 
building and the design of which clearly indicates Norman 
architecture. Of the nature of this alleged parent castle 
we can only speculate. If it existed, it no doubt had its 
day of pride and strength, and ultimately yielded its place 
to the castle which Wilham of Aldeburgh, according to 
the accepted opinion, built about the middle of the four- 
teenth century as a fitting home for himself and Elizabeth 
de Insula, his richly-dowered bride. 

On this point Mr. Speight says, in his fascinating 
volume, Lower Wliarfedale : — 



HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE S- CHURCH. 143 

Neither in charter, fine nor inquisition can I find any distinct 
mention of a castrum at Harewood before the acquisition of the 
manor through the marriage of Sir William de Aldeburgh with the 
heiress of the de Lisles, or Insula, in 1365. In a charter of the Prior 
of Bolton, dated 1352, respecting a chantry of six chaplains in the 
church of Harewood, John de Insula, to whom the grant is made, is 
described as " Lord of Rougemonte," and there can be little doubt 
that the ancient moated manor-hall of Rongemont, on the north 
bank of the river, remained the seat of the lords of Harewood down 
to the change of ownership in 1365. Moreover in the year follow, 
ing, 1366, Sir William de Aldeburgh obtained licence to crenelate 
his manor of Harewood, and this is the first distinct information of 
a castellated building within the 



Whatever maj- be the truth of this matter, our immedi- 
ate concern is with the castle which probably came into 
existence five and a half centuries ago, and with which 
the Redmans were so long identified. Few of our Eng- 
hsh castles occupy a more picturesque or dominating 
position. Built on a long declivity sloping down to the 
southern banks of the Wharfe, it commands a prospect of 
almost unrivalled beauty. Beneath it spreads the beauti- 
ful valley of the Wharfe, far away to the north-west the 
horizon is bounded by the hills of Craven, to the east the 
lovely country stretches towards York, while immediately 
to the south is the picturesque village of Harewood, six 
miles removed from the smoke and bustle of Leeds. 

The castle, as built by William of Aldeburgh, consisted 
of a large, square tower, with massive walls ranging in 
thickness from 6 feet in the less exposed parts to 9^ feet 
on the east and more vulnerable side. The dimensions 
of the tower are : — on the north, 54 feet ; south, 67 feet ; 
east, III feet; and on the west, 123 feet. "The north 
face, which is plain and without projecting towers, con- 
tains three storeys, of which the two lower are lighted 



144 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

only by narrow loopholes, while the uppermost had large, 
square windows, divided by a mullion and transom. The 
south front, which is also the loftiest, has a tower at each 
corner which projects half its breadth from the main 
wall." Such briefly is the external aspect of this castle of 
Harewood, which seems to have relied for its security 
chiefly on the height and strength of its massive walls of 
freestone. It is probable, however, that this tower by no 
means represents the whole of the castle in its prime, and 
that a large portion of the original structure has dis- 
appeared. 

On this point Jewell says : — 

The extent of the castle when entire must have been very consider- 
able, for we now observe a great quantity of ground around the 
remaining building covered with half-buried walls and fragments of 
ruins. Dr. Story was at Harewood in 1790 ; he made mention of 
this castle, not doubting that it had been a place of great note, aud 
pointed out many places which had been adjoining, but now in ruins 
and buried in the grass. 

The principal entrance to the castle was beneath a 
square turret on the east side. Over the portcullised 
gateway, lofty enough to admit a knight on horseback, 
may still be seen the predestinarian motto of the founder 
of the castle, vat sal be sal, flanked on the right by 
the Aldeburgh arms of the rampant lion charged with a 
fleur de lys on the shoulder, and on the left by the arms 
of Edward Baliol, King of Scotland, — an orle. Theie has 
been much speculation as to the relations between Baliol 
and the Aldeburghs, the intimate character of which is so 
abundantly attested. Not only do his arms appear thus 
prominently displayed over the main entrance to the 
castle, but they were to be seen on three shields within 
its walls, and even on the tapestry in its chambers. The 



HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 145 

widow of the second Lord Aldeburgh mentions in her will 
(fts we shall see later) "one red tapestry with crimson 
border, with the arms of Baliol and Aldeburgh" ; and she 
also bequeaths "one best bassinett with head, also one 
cuirass which was Ed. Baliol's " ; all of which is eloquent 
evidence of the prized friendship which must have existed 
between the Scottish King and the family of Aldeburgh. 

Indeed there is abundant evidence in the Records of 
this intimacy. William de Aldeburgh, the first, was an 
esquire of the body and confidential friend of Baliol. He 
is described by Edward III. on several occasions as 
" Valettus of our beloved and faithful cousin, Edward 
Baliol, King of Scotland," (Rot. Scot. 24 Ed. III., m. 
i) — "Valettus" being equivalent to what afterwards 
was designated ' ^,entleman of the privy chamber ' or 
' esquire of the body ' about the person of the King." 
(Dutchetiana, p. 223). He acted as Baliol's trusted am- 
bassador to the English King, and received from him 
large grants of lands, including " divers castles and 
manors in Galloway." 

When Edward Baliol, after his brief tenure of the 
Scottish throne, retired to Wheatley, near Doncaster, to 
end his days there, it is more than probable that frequent 
visits were interchanged between the exiled King and Sir 
William Aldeburgh — indeed we find the latter at Wheat- 
ley witnessing the charter by which Baliol ceded to Ed- 
ward his castle and town of Helicourt in Veymont ; and 
it is quite conceivable that Baliol was among the first to 
see his arms, fresh from the chisel, displayed over the 
gateway of Harewood Castle. 

But to return to the castle. Immediately over the 
gateway was the chapel in which may still be seen faint 
traces of the sculptured arms of Sutton, Aldeburgh, 

U 



146 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Baliol, Vipont and many another ancient family with 
which in its prime it was richly embellished. Passing 
through the principal entrance we find ourselves in the 
great hall — nearly 55 feet long and 29 feet wide — in which 
for throe centuries the lords of Harewood entertained 
their guests, held their courts, and administered justice. 
This hall is chiefly notable for a canopied recess which 
was for long mistaken for a tomb, until Whitaker proved 
that it was really nothing more gruesome than a side- 
board which must have done excellent service during 
centuries of banqueting. " If it is a tomb, whose is it ? " 
Dr. Whitaker pertinently asks. " Certainly not the sup- 
posed founder of the castle, for he was buried in the 
Parish Church. Besides, who ever dreamt in those days 
of being interred in unconsecrated ground ? or what heir 
would have permitted so incongruous a circumstance in a 
scene of conviviality ? " 

This recess is in the west wail. " The beautifully 
crocketted canopy," Mr. Speight says, " is enclosed in a 
rectangular frame of carved stone. The foils of the arch 
are cusped, plain, with leaf ornaments in the spandrils, 
and there is an excellently wrought vignette of foliage at 
the base, terminated in mask-heads. One must lament 
the decay of so beautiful and unique an example of four- 
teenth century sculpture, now a prey to the elements." 

But fascinating as the subject is, there is no space to 
describe further in detail the architecture of this ancient 
castle, with its many chambers, its winding staircases, 
and passages, its dark dungeons, its mysterious vaults, its 
parapets and sally-ports ; and we can only afford a hasty 
and fearful glance at the neighbouring Gallows Hill, on 
which the lords of Harewood strung up the victims of 
their summary justice in days when they had the power 
of life and death within their small kingdom. 




SIDKBOARD liN THE GREAT HALL OF 

HAREWOOD CASTLE. TO FACE P. 146. 



HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 147 

The castle appears to have been rich in heraldic em- 
bellishment. The following is a list of the arms " in 
stained glass and graven in stone on the walls of the 
castle and chapell," as seen and thus recorded by Glover, 
in 1584, during the occupation of the last of the Hare- 
wood Redmans :— 



(i) Redman — gules, 3 cushions ermine, buttons and tassels, or; 
and Daincourt — arg. a fess dancett6, between 8 billets, or. 

This shield appears really to have been Redman, quartering Alde- 

burgh, impaling Daincourt, quartering Strickland, 
(a) HuddUston — gules, a fret or. 

(3) Aldehurgh — gules, a lion rampant, charged with a fleur de lys. 

(4) Brt/jo/— gules, an orle, arg. 

No". 3 and 4 were in the Chapel. 

(6) Rythcr — az. 3 crescents, or. 

(7) Sutton — az. a lion rampant, or, under a bend gobony, arg. 
and gules. 

(8) Aldeburgh — -see No. 3. 
(9 & 10) Baliol — see No. 4. 

(12) Thwenge — arg. a fess gules, between 3 popinjays vert, col- 
lared, or. 

(13) Bordisley (or Graunccster) — ermine, on a chief, a lion passant, 
guardant. 

(14) Aldeburgh and Sutton — see Nos. 3 & 7. 

The last four shields were, according to Glover, " graven in stone 
on the walls in the Chappel." 

(15) Constable — quarterly, gules and vair, over all a bend or. 

(16) Ross — gules, 3 water bougets, argent. 

(17) Vipont — gules, six annulets, or, 3, 2 and i. 

(iS) Galloway — arg. a lion rampant, az. crowned or. 

(19) Redman quartering Aldeburgh, with the Redman crest — "in 
the great chamber of Harwood Castle." (Glover). 

(20) Ryther, with his quarterings, surmounted by the Ryther 
crest, a crescent. This shield, Glover says, " was made in a 
scucheon in metall sett up in the great chamber at Harwoode." 
(Harl. MSS. 1394, fo. 329). 



148 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Such, then, is a brief and inadequate presentment of 
Harewood Castle in the days of its prime, when mailed 
feet trod its corridors and parapets, and gallant knights 
sallied forth from its gate with their retinue in all the 
splendid trappings of the age of chivalry. " It is not 
difficult," Mr. Fletcher says, in his beautifully-produced 
History of Yorkshire, " to imagine the scenes which must 
have centred round it in the days when knights and 
squires and men-at-arms rode up the steep road from the 
valley to enter through the portcullised gateway." But 
it is not so easy to conjure up a vision of the domestic life 
of this grim castle, — of the fair ladies in cowl and wimple, 
butterfly or steeple head-dress, in cloaks gay with ar- 
morial bearings, and richly-trimmed petticoats, and all 
the successive vagaries of the female fashion of three 
centuries ; and of the furnishings of the rooms in which 
they lived and moved. 

If I yield to the temptation of quoting liberally from 
the will of Margery, widow of the second Lord Aldeburgh 
(made in 1391), it is with the object of supplying some 
material from which it may be possible to construct a 
fairly reliable picture of the internal equipment of the 
castle at the time when the great Sir Richard Redman 
went there to woo his Aldeburgh bride. The picture 
suggested is one of rich colouring, refinement and luxury, 
such as one is scarcely prepared to associate with the 
grim environment of a medieval fortress. 

I give and bequeath to Peter Mauley, my son, one cup of silver, 
with a lid bearing the arms of Mauley and my father. Item, one 
silver gilt falie with a gilt lid ; also one gold ring with a fair diamond ; 
also two beds, one of crimson and black with white and red roses, 
with three coverlets, two blankets and two linen sheets; the other 
bed of Northfolk work with foxes, with four coverlets, two blankets 



HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 149 

and two sheets. Also to the same, one red tapestry with crimson 
border, with the arms of Baliol and Aldburgh. Also to the same, 
seven cushions of scarlet. Also to the same, one doublet with 
breastplate. Also to the same, one jak of defence closed with blaclc 
velvet. 

Also I give and bequeath to John Mauley, my son, £^0; one bed 
of scarlet embroidered with a tree and unicorn, with (cellatura) and 
tester, three curtains, three scarlet coverlets, two blankets and two 
sheets. Also another bed of crimson and grey with vine leaves, two 
blankets and two sheets ; also another bed of green and grey, with 
birds and rabbits ; also one white dotted pillow ; and one cup of 
silver with a lid, with the arms of Sutton and Aldburgh on the knob 
of the Ud. 

Also I give and bequeath to Constance, my daughter, ^^40 ; also 
one pair (lacqueorum) and one fiUett of pearl of one suit, also one 
fillett of pearl with one treyl of roses, also one other fiUett of pearl 
with 5 leaves, also 200 pearls of which any one is worth 6d., and 100 
of which any one is worth id. Also one scarlet gown trimmed with 
ermine, with a hood of the same suit, also a red cloak with hood, 
one cloak of scarlet trimmed with mynevor, one red tunic with scar- 
let sleeves, one red bed embroidered with a tree and lion lying 
down, and the arms of Aldburgh and Tillsolf, with four coverlets, 
cradle, etc etc 

Also I give and bequeath to Elizabeth de Mauley, my daughter, 
200 pearls of one suit, one green bed with red fret work six coverlets 
etc, also one coverlet of green and gold with lions. Also I give and 
bequeath to Peter de Mauley, my son, one precious red pillow, with 
the arms of Scotland, etc. Also I give and bequeath to EUsot, my 
housekeeper, ;f 40 ; to Maria, my husband's nurse, one scarlet gown 
furred with gris ; to the Friars Preachers at York, to build a tower, 
one mantle furred with mynevor, also one green cloak similarly 
furred, with two furred hoods of the same work. 

Also I bequeath to Constance, my daughter, a red chest with the 
arms of Mauley and Sutton painted upon it. Also I bequeath to 
Peter Mauley, my son, one best bassinett with head, also one cuirass 
which was Ed. Baliol's, also armour for the arms, legs and feet, also 
gauntlets for the hands ; also I bequeath to Constance, my daughter, 
two new napkins of Parisian work, and one pair of gloves of the 



150 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

same work. Also I bequeath to Elizabeth de Stapylton one gold 
ring inscribed, " Jesu be my help," 

There is little doubt that Harewood Castle had tenants 
for some years after it ceased to shelter a Redman ; and 
it is established that in 1657 when it was sold by the 
second Earl of Strafford to the two London merchants, 
Sir John Lewis and Sir John Cutler, it had fallen into 
such a condition of decay and ruin that, as we have seen, 
it was actually advertised for sale as so much building 
material. By what evil chance it had thus been reduced 
within a few years from a noble and stalwart castle with 
the prospect of centuries of useful existence, to a pile of 
stone and timber fit for nothing but " saving a deale of 
charges in the stonework" of the builder of a "hansom 
house &c." can only be conjectured. 

It may, in Camden's opinion, have suffered, as so many 
brave castles did, during the war between King and Par- 
liament which was waged so fiercely at Tadcaster and 
elsewhere, almost within sight of its walls; or it may have 
shared the fate of the Yorkshire castles which were dis- 
mantled and left ruined in the spring months of 1646. 
However this may be, we can point the finger to one 
vandal who continued, and with still less justification, this 
work of destruction ; and that was the ex-London appren- 
tice, Cutler, who, instead ol preserving the historic build- 
ing it had been his privilege to purchase, robbed it of 
stone and timber to build his farmhouses and cottages. 
Even to-day they will show you in Harewood village a 
cottage which bears unmistakeable evidence of having 
been built from castle stone, and which flaunts over its 
doorway the initials J. C. with the date 1678. 

It was this old rascal on whom Pope emptied the vials 
of his satire in the following lines : — 



HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 151 

Cutler saw tenants break and houses fall 
For very want ; he could not build a wall. 
His only daughter in a stranger's power, 
For very want ; he could not pay a dower. 
A few gray hairs his rev'rend temples crown'd 
'Twas very want that sold them for a pound. 
What ev'n deny'd a cordial at his end, 
Banished the doctor and expelled the friend ? 
What but a want, which you perhaps think mad, 
Yet numbers feel, the want of what he had ! 
Cutler and Brutus, dying, both exclaim 
' Virtue and wealth ! what are ye but a name ? ' 

Later attempts, it is said, were made to use the castle 
material for building and repairing, but it was found that 
the walls were so firmly welded by the cement that it was 
really cheaper to quarry the stone. Nature has been 
kinder than man to this grand old fabric, for she has 
thrown round it a mantle of ivy and has thus invested it 
in its decay with an external beauty which it never 
boasted in its sturdy prime. 

The Church. 

About half-a-mile westward from Harewood village is 
the ancient church in which several generations of Red- 
mans are sleeping their last sleep within their own 
" Redman chapel." There seems to be a strong proba- 
bility that the original church was venerable before the 
walls of the neighbouring castle began to rise ; indeed the 
date of its foundation has been suggested as 11 16, while 
Robert de Romelli was probably the living lord of Hare- 
wood manor. 

Jewell, in his History of Harewood, says : — 

In the year 1793 (he was living at Harewood at the time and speaks 
of what he probably saw) when the church was new-roofed, was 



152 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HAREWOOD. 

found on an old beam the following inscription cut in ancient 
characters, which was made away with by the workmen. The Eng- 
lish of it was thus :—" We adore and praise thee, thou holy Jesus, 
because thou hast redeemed us by thy Holy Cross." — Dated 1116. 

As Mr. Speight, however, points out, in these early 
centuries dates were recorded in the year of the reigning 
monarch, and one must not attach too much importance 
to the figures carved on this old beam. It has been in- 
ferred, too, from this old inscription, that the church was 
originally dedicated to the Holy Cross, an assumption 
which may perhaps be accepted as correct. 

But without attempting to assign any precise date to 
the founding of this church, there is no doubt that there 
was a church at Harewood in the early years of Henry H's 
reign {circa 1160) when Avicia de Romelli, after the death 
of her husband, Robert de Courcy, gave the church of 
Harewood towards the support of the chapel of St. Mary 
and Holy Angels, in York cathedral. 

Dodsworth refers to this gift in the following passage 
from his MSS. (vol. 129, fo. 59) relating to the 

advowson of the Church of Harwode, which Warynus, son of Gerol- 
dus and Alice de Curci, his wife, claimed against the monks and 
chaplains of St. Mary and St. Sepulchre. And the monks come and 
say that Avicia de Romelli gave that church to the Church of St. 
Mary, St. Michael, and All Angels, to the sustenance of the monks, 
and therefore produce the charter of the said Avicia, which testi- 
iieth the same, and the confirmation of Roger, Archbishop. 

Warine appears to have established his claim ; for we 
find that " Warinus, son of Geroldus, recovered his pre- 
sentation to the church of Harwode, against the monks 
and chaplains of St. Mary and St. Sepulchre, at York." 
(Harl. MSS., vol. 802). For several generations the lords 
of Harewood dispensed the patronage of the church, until 



HA RE WOOD MANOR, CASTLE 6- CHURCH. 153 

in the days of John de Lisle, of Rougemont (1353), the 
church was appropriated to the Priory of BoIton-in-Craven 
on condition that a rent-charge of £"100 a year should be 
granted to him and his heirs out of lands at Rawden, 
Wigton, and elsewhere, and that a chantry of six priests 
should be founded at Harewood to sing masses daily for 
the souls of his parents and brothers and sisters ; in 
addition to a special collect for himself and his children. 

At this time the church was evidently of a good age, for 
provision is made for its repair and the rebuilding of the 
chancel which had fallen into decay. 

It is probable that but little of the original building of 
Norman days survives in the present church. Dr. Whit- 
aker indeed says : — 

The Church of Harewood bears no marks of the original structure. 
It was probably renewed by the Lords of the Manor about the time 
of Ed. III., and the figure of John, Lord Lisle, one of the first 
Knights of the Garter, was remaining entire in the east window of 
the north chapel, distinguished by the arms of the family, a fess 
between two chevronels, on his tabard, till the church was repaired, 
A.D. 1793. This nobleman, however, from the style of the building, 
appears to have been the restorer of the church. 

But a detailed history of this old church, however 
agreeable it might be to attempt it, is beyond the scope of 
this little book of Redman history. Having established 
its antiquity and its association with the early lords of 
Harewood it only remains to refer to the memorials of 
immediate interest which still survive within its walls. 

They were very ruthless hands which were responsible 
for the repair of the church in 1793, for they seem to have 
stripped it of many of its most cherished treasures. The 
stained-glass windows, rich with the armorial achieve- 
ments of successive lords of Harewood, were wantonly 



154 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

removed to give place to ordinary windows of glass. Dr. 
Whitaker declares that these heraldic treasures were 
"deposited in a lumber-room in Harewood House" ; but 
according to Jones, whose evidence on this point, if not 
on others, may perhaps be accepted, 

old people can recollect its removal. It was indiscriminately taken 
away, some was secretly sold, the children of the village played with 
other portions. I have been informed on good authority that some 
portion of this stained glass found its way into Cheshire, where it 
adorns (at the present time) the windows of a private chapel, be- 
longing to a gentleman of property. 

Even the altar-tombs of Redman and Ryther seem to 
have been robbed of their canopies ; and the altar-rails of 
carved oak, bearing Lord Strafford's initials, were con- 
signed to some ignominious fate. 

The following is a list of the arms in Harewood Church 
in the days of Elizabeth, as recorded by Glover, Somerset 
Herald. 

(i) Thwayts — arg. three torteaux in a fess sable, between 3 fleur 
de lys ; and Ryther, az. three crescents, or. 

(2) Gascoigne — arg. on a pale sable a lucy's head, hauriant, or ; 
and Mowbray — gules, a lion rampant, arg., within a border gobony, 
or and sa. 

(3) Gascoigne, as above ; and Pickering — ermine, a lion rampant, 
az, crowned, or. 

These are the arms of Chief Justice Gascoigne, who married (i) 
Elizabeth Mowbray, and (2) Joan Pickering. 

(4) Mansion — sable, a bend ragulee, arg. 

(5) Lisle, of Rougemont — or, a fess between 2 chevronels, sable. 

(6) Stapleton — arg. a lion rampant sable, langued and armed, gules. 
{7) Redman and A Ideburgh. 

(8) Redman. 

(9) Redman and Stapleton — see No. 6. 

These arms are really Redman, quartering Stapleton and impaling 
Sutton. Of them Glover says, " a man kneeling in his coat 



HAREWOOD MANOR, CASTLE & CHURCH. 155 

armour, with Redman's coate on him, and on the woman, 
this." The " woman " was, no doubt, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, 
who married (i) Sir Bryan Stapleton, (2) Sir Richard Red- 
man (I.) and whose sister-in-law was Margery Sutton, wife of 
the second Lord Aldeburgh. 

(10) Redman. 

(11) Ryhtone — sable, a saltire, arg. 

(12) Gascoigne and 

(13) Manston^see No. 4 ; and Neville, gules, a saltire, arg. 

(14) Franke — gules, a fess sable, between 3 martlets, arg ; and 
Ellis — on a plain cross, sable, five crescents arg. 

(15) Gascoigne—see No. 2 ; and Heaton — arg. two bars sable. 

(16) Thwayts — see No. i. 

(17) Gascoigne — see No. 2; and Clarell — gules, six martlets, arg, 
3, 2, & I- 

(18) Franke, of Alwoodley Hall. See No. 14. 

(19) Nevill — sec No. 13. 

The church of Harewood is singularly rich in the num- 
ber and magnificence of its altar-tombs, which have come 
down to us through four or five centuries in a remark- 
able state of preservation, in spite of the sacrilegious 
hands which have tried to mutilate them and have carved 
names and initials on them as memorials of their van- 
dalism. 

Of the six altar-tombs three are of peculiar interest to 
students of Redman history. 

Under the arch on the north side of the chancel is a 
magnificent tomb, a photograph of which I reproduce, 
to the memory of Sir Richard Redman (I.), the Speaker, 
and his first wife, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, on which are 
cumbent figures of the knight in his armour, with crested 
helmet, sword and dagger; and of his lady in pleated 
gown with loose sleeves, with arched head-dress, neck- 
lace and ringed fingers, and angels at her cushioned 
head. Of this tomb Glover, who saw it in 1585, wrote :^ 



156 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

In Harewood Church, north aisle, belonging to Harewood Castle, 
an altar-tomb, elBgies of a knight and lady cumbent, his head on 
helmet, and crest, a horse's head, which denotes it to have been a 
Redman ; feet on lion, on which sits a monlc with beads, against 
which sole of the right foot rests. 

Under the arch in the south wall of the chancel is a 
tomb to the memory of the same Sir Richard, who here 
lies side by side with his second wife, Elizabeth Gas- 
coigne. On this tomb, which is also reproduced. Sir 
Richard appears in armour, but shorn of the sweeping 
moustache which adorns him on the former tomb, with 
flowing hair and with hands upraised in an attitude of 
pra}er ; while his lady, with hands similarly raised, wears 
a wimple and carries a rosary. The tomb exhibits a re- 
markably fine series of sculptured saints, which Gough, in 
his " Sepulchral Monuments," declares to be the finest he 
has seen. 

Adjoining this latter tomb is that of Sir William Gas- 
coigne, the famous Chief Justice, and his wife Elizabeth, 
daughter of Sir Alexander Mowbray, of Kirklington, co. 
York ; so that Elizabeth Gascoigne " lies in sculptured 
calm " between her husband and her father. Around the 
tomb, which is not less splendid than its companions, 
there was once, according to Dodsworth, a Latin inscrip- 
tion which may be translated thus : — 

Here lies William Gascoigne, late Chief Justice ot the Bench of 
Henry IV., late King of England, and Elizabeth, his wife. Which 
William died on the 17th day of December, A.D. 1419. 
Gascoigne, thy tomb a fitting altar is 
Whereon to swear the patriot Englishman, 
When he devotes him to his country's cause. 
Reverently kneehng by this hallowed marble, 
He shall recall thy resolute worth and draw 
_ New virtue from the holy recollection. 




ALTAR-TOMl) OF CillKK-JUSTICE SIK \VM. 
IN HAREWOOD CHURCH. 
By permission of Mr. H. Speight. 



Kciiman of (Jbointon-in-lCona&alf. 



Thomas Redman of Thornton, 



William 

of Overlands, 

Thornton, gent., I437- 




JOHN, 

1437- 

1 


Edmund, 
1437- 


Richard 

of Ingleton, 1465, 

of Thornton, senior, 




A quo 

Redmans 

of Twisleton. 


A quo 
Redmans 
of Ireby. 


1491. 1498. 








Richard = Ellyn, 
of Thornton, jun., widow, 
died ante 1498. 


1498. 




of Wrayton, 1494, 
of Thornton, 1537. 



of Thornton, 
1535, bur. 30 
Jan., 157S. 



J ames=Maud = Thomas 
son and heir I Barton, 

of VVm. R. of 2 vir, mar 

Twisleton, 9 Oct. 153 



Edward, 

1535, of 

Gressingham 



A quo 
Redmans 
of Fulford. 



Richard = Elizabeth, d 
son and heir, will of Sir Roger 
18 March, 1573-4. Cholmley. 



Franc iS= Margaret, 

of Overlands, dau. and heiress of 

^556, bur. 9 Henry Hammerton, 

Jan.,i6og-io. 1556, bur. 19 Feb., 

1625-6. 



Margaret, 1574. 



Blackburne, 1574. 



Marmaduke 
son and heir, 
1569, buried at 
Thornton, 24 
June, 1607. 



(i) Alice = (2) Eleanor =(3) Ann, sister 
Fine 1581, widow of George and co-heir of 
bur. 9 Sept. Lamplugh, Esq., Thomas Eyre 
1589. ob. s.p. 1593. of Highfield, co. 

Derby, 1598, vix. 

1607. 



Margaret, 1574. 
Catherine, 1574. 
Mary, 1574. 



son and heir, bap. 
1578, died 25 Sept., 
1607, bur. 3 Oct., 
1607, of Netherlund, 



I 
Richard, 
bap. 3 Feb. 
1586, bur. It 
Mar., 1587. 



2) Sir John = - 
^t. 2 in 1607, I 
ead in 1645. | 



-(i) Rebecca 
bur. 21 Mar., 
1627-8. 



Frances, 
bap. March, 
15S3, bur. 16 
July, 1583. 



Elizabeth, 
bap. 14 Oct., 
bur. 5 Dec, 
15S5. 



— =(2) Sarah, dau. 


and co- 


(i) Richard, 






1 heiress of Sir 


George 


bap. 20 Oct., 1600, 






1 Selby of Durham, mar. 


bur. April, 1601. 






1 sett. II Jan., 1628 


-9, bur. 








10 Dec, 1678. 










William 


Major John, 


Richard=Elizabe 


FH 


Ralph 






of Linton, Hewett, 




ofHalsteads, 


of Thornton. 


bur. 7 April, 1680, 


brother and will 11 Ju 


ne. 


brother and 




s.p. 


heir, will 27 171S, bur. 
Jan., 1692-3, Nov., 171 
bur. Linton, 
4 Feb., s.p. 


. 


heir, will 3 
Feb., 1702, 
born 1640, 
bur. 3 Mar., 
1702-3. 



Margaret = 


Wildman 


sister and 




co-heiress. 




1702. 




Geoffrey 


WILDMAN, 



To Jace Page 157. 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 



CHAPTER XVI. 



IN leaving Harewood and Levens for Thornton-in- 
Lonsdale we turn our backs on the stirring epoch of 
Redman history, when each generation produced its 
soldiers, its politicians, its diplomatists, or its churchmen 
who played their respective parts in the national drama 
of their time, and enter on a period of placid, uneventful 
days when the Redmans, with a few notable exceptions, 
were content to lead the simple lives of country squires 
and to leave behind them records marked principally by 
births, marriages and deaths, and the conduct of their 
estates. 

Such chronicles naturally possess little general interest; 
even for those more directly concerned with the story of 
the family they but serve as material for fashioning pedi- 
grees ; and for this reason a detailed account of all the 
individual members of the different branches in this dis- 
trict would make rather dreary and profitless reading. 
The accompanying pedigrees, which have been most care- 
fully compiled from the original records and for which I 
am indebted to the kindness of Colonel Parker, are ex- 
ceedingly valuable. They contain all the information 
that is at all necessary about most of the Redmans of this 
colony ; and I propose simply to supplement them by 



158 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

notes of more particular interest on the prominent names 
they include. 

It-Still remains to discover with certainty the origin of 
the colony of Redmans which settled near the Lancashire 
border of Yorkshire in the fourteenth century, and which 
flourished there for more than three hundred years. As 
has been shewn earlier, in 1359 the third Sir Matthew 
Redman, and Margaret, his wife, gave twenty marks for 
the custody of the manor of Twisleton, in this district, 
which had belonged to John, of Twisleton, and for the 
marriage of his daughters. 

It is conceivable and even probable that this transac- 
tion led to marriage between one or more of Matthew's 
sons and one or more of the Twisleton heiresses, and that 
thus the family of Redman got its first footing in this part 
of Lonsdale. There appears to be no evidence in actual 
support of this view ; but it is precisely what one might 
expect to happen, and is the most plausible explanation 
of the planting of this colony. 

It is in 1379 that we find the first recorded evidence of 
a Redman living in this neighbourhood. In the list of 
those who paid the poll-tax levied on the accession of 
Richard II., in the wapentake of Ewecross, we find the 
following entry under Ingleton — "Johannes de Redmane, 
Armatus, vjs viijd," — this being the sum at which an 
esquire was commonly rated. It is possible that this 
John Redmane was a son of Matthew (III) of Levens, 
and husband of one of the daughters of John Twisleton, 
whose manor was close to Ingleton. He was not, how- 
ever the only member of his family in the district at this 
time, for there was a Richard Redman just over the 
border, who figures in the Lancashire Poll-tax of the 
same date, under Lonsdale ; and as early as 1332 there 



REDMANS OF THORNTON -IN -LONSDALE. 159 

was a John Redman at Farleton, and Norman at Brogh- 
ton. 

Between 1379 and 1416 the history of the Thornton 
Redmans is dark ; but in the latter year we emerge into 
the light, and for three centuries the story of the family is 
told by abundant evidences. 

In 1416 Thomas Redman, of Thornton, witnessed 
the deed of assignment by William Tunstall, of his 
castle of Thurland in Lancashire, and other lands in 
Yorkshire and Westmorland. (Dods. MS. 62, fo. 2). It 
was to him, in conjunction with Sir Richard Duket, 
of Grayrigg, that (in 1427) was granted the custody 
of the moiety of the manor of Harewood during the 
minority of his young kinsman, Richard, grandson of the 
Speaker. Ten 3'ears later " Thomas Redman, senior, of 
Thornton, gentleman," William, Thomas J^ John, Ed- 
mund and Matthew Redman, together with Christopher 
Middleton, of Ingleton, were parties to a bond (dated 15th 
March, 20 Hen. VI.) by which they were bound in 200 
marks each to stand the award of William, Lord Fitz 
Hugh and Henry Bromflete, concerning all actions, dis- 
putes, &c., between the said Thomas and others on the 
one part and the said Henrj- on the other part. 

This was probably some family dispute respecting Tun- 
stall property ; it is not improbable that the wife of 
Thomas Redman was a Tunstall. Sir Henry Bromflete, 
afterwards Lord Vescy (1449) had married Eleanor, 
daughter of Henry, Lord Fitz Hugh, after the death of 
her first husband, Sir Thomas Tunstall, whose sister, 
Johanna, was wife to Sir Matthew Redman, of Harewood. 

The relation of these Redmans (Colonel Parker says) is not 
definitely proved, except that William was son of Thomas, senior. 
I believe, however, they were related as placed in the pedigree, and 



r6o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

that Christopher Middleton married a daughter of Thomas, senior, 
and in this way was mixed up in the family feud. In later disputes 
Matthew is described as " of Lancaster " ; and in 1472 he appears 
as administrator of the goods of Elizabeth Curwen (late wife of 
John Curwen) who died intestate. 

There was also about this time a Giles Redman, who 
was probably either son or brother of Thomas, senior. 
He was instituted rector of Bentham, loth May, 1443, 
on the presentation of Margaret Pickering, and was in- 
ducted by John Grene, rector of Thornton. Thomas 
Redman, of Thornton, junior, may have been the Thomas 
Redman who was appointed Vicar of Whittington, 30th 
March, 1440. 

William Redman, who is described as " of Over- 
landes in Thornton, gentleman," in 1437, and as "of 
Lund," twelve years later, probably figures with his son 
Richard in the following romantic incident, the story of 
which is told in the Lancashire Plea Rolls (No. 31. Lent 
7 Ed. IV., m. 5 d.) :— 

Nicholas Gardener and Katherine, his wife, who was wife of 
Carburie (?), armiger, by attorney came and offered themselves 
against William Redman, of Thornton-in-Lonsdale, Co. York, ar- 
miger, and Richard Redman, of Ingleton, in the Co. York, son of 
WilUam Redman, armiger, in a plea of wherefore they by violence 
and arms seized and carried off John, son and heir of the aforesaid 
Catherine, to his loss and damage and against the King's peace. 
The assault took place at Pulton-in- Lonsdale. As these Redmaynes 
did not appear, order was given that they should be attached ; but 
as the sheriff did not issue the writ, they are to be attached on the 
day next the Assumption of the Blessed Mary. 

"William, evidently the ringleader in this high-handed 
proceeding, which we learn was conducted with swords, 
bows and arrows, was duly attached later. (No. 33, m. 18). 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. i6i 

William's successor, Richard, is described in 1465 
as son of Wm. Redman, of Ingleton, Esq. ; and in 1499 
as " of Thornton, senior," when he was engaged in a dis- 
pute with John Preston, of Preston Hall. He had two 
sons, of whom the elder, Richard, died during his father's 
lifetime sometime before 1498, in which year Ellen Red- 
man, described as his widow, covenanted (in company 
with John Preston, probably a near kinsman) with Walter 
Strickland for her daughter Agnes's marriage. According 
to Lady Edeline Strickland (" Sizergh Castle, &c." Genl. 
Notes) it was Sir Walter Strickland, whose birth year she 
gives as 1497, who married Agnes, daughter of Richard 
Redman, at a time when, if her dates are correct, he must 
still have been playing with his toys. It seems more 
probable that the contemplated bridegroom of the 1^98 
covenant was the father of this Walter, who was born in 
1460, and died forty years later. It will be remembered, 
perhaps, that Sir William Redman, of Harewood, married 
Margaret, daughter of a still earlier Sir Walter Strickland, 
in 1458. Lady Edeline gives 1503 as the date of Agnes's 
death, and there was no issue of the marriage. 

Richard had another son, Geoffrey, who was " of 
Wrayton," in 1494. He was possibly the " Geoffrey Red- 
man, nuper de Thornton, gentilman," who in 1494-5 was 
charged with Thomas Gibbonson, Cansfield of Cansfield 
and others, with breaking houses and taking goods and 
chattels to the value of fifty pounds. In this feat of 
mediaeval housebreaking, in which let us hope it was 
really some other Geoffrey who was concerned, bows, 
arrows and swords were used. In 1533 the supervisors of 
the will of Thomas Proctor, of Horton, were " The Abbot 
of Furnace, Mr. Geffray Redman and Mr. John, his son." 
Geoffrey, who was still living in 1537, had a son John, 



i62 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

who succeeded him, and a daughter Maud or Matilda, 
who married, for her first husband, her kinsman, James 
Redman, of Twisleton ; and secondly, Thomas Barton, 
Esquire, for which marriage a dispensation was granted 
in 1533. (Letters and Papers, F & D, vol. vi.) " In 
Broughton church on the chapel screen on the north side 
is a boar's head and the arms of Thomas Barton and 
Matilda, his wife, daughter of Geoff. Redman of Thornton, 
Esq." (Whitaker's Richniondshire, vol. ii., p. 423). 

John Redman, Geoffrey's successor, appears in 1536 
in company with his son and heir, Thomas, on the list of 
" liberi tenentes " of the honour and manor of Hornby 
Castle. Among other tenants on the same list are the 
Abbot of Croxton, the Prior of Hornby, Sir Marmaduke 
Tunstall, and Francis Morley, Esquire. And in the pre- 
vious year he was, together with Thomas, son and heir of 
Sir Thomas Wharton, and John, son and heir of Sir 
Geoffrey Middleton, one of the trustees of the marriage 
settlement of Henrj?, heir of Sir Stephen Hamerton and 
Joan Stapleton, of Wighill. (Harleian MSS. 804 — 8 May, 
27 Hen. Vni.) He also purchased the manor of Austwick 
for £230. 14. II. (Whitaker's Richmondshire) . John, who 

married Jennet , and who died in 1578, had at least 

three sons and two daughters. 

(i) Thomas, " the son and heir '" in the list of liberi 
tenentes above-mentioned. It was probably this Thomas 
who, with his brother Richard, appears in the following 
extract from the will of Thomas Andrewe, vicar of Mel- 
ling, dated Oct. 17, 1563 :— 

Also I put ye boye yt. I have brought upp to Thames (sic) Red- 
man and to Margrett, his wyfe, desyring them to bringe him upp 

he be liable to put to an occupation, and I will that 

Thames Redman and Margret his wyfe shall gyfe him, when he 



REDMANS OF THORNTON -IN -LONSDALE. 163 

Cometh to ye age of XX yeares, XLs . . . and I desyre Maister 
Rycharde Redmayn to be a supervisor of this my will . . . and 
I gyfe to Maister Redmayn for his paynestakynge X'. 

Thomas appears to have died during his father's Hfetime. 

(2) Richard, who also died before his father, married 
Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Roger Cholmley, of Roxby, by 
Katherine, daughter of Sir Robert Constable, who fought 
at Flodden, was attainted, and was executed at Hull. 
Through her Constable ancestors Elizabeth Cholmley was 
descended from the Wentworths, Gascoignes, Fitz Hughs, 
the Counts of Brittany and the Dukes of Normandy. Her 
brother was Sir Richard Cholmley, known to fame as the 
" Black Knight of the North," of whom it is recorded that 
he "loved pomp, and generally had 50 or 60 servants 
about his house, nor would he ever go up to London with- 
out a retinue of 30 or 40 men." (Foster's County Families). 
He, too, fought gallantly at Flodden ; and as captain of 
Norham Castle defended it against the Scots until the last 
cannon-ball was fired and the last crust eaten. 

Richard's will, of which the following is a summary, is 
rich in genealogical information. He directs that his 
body shall be buried in Thornton Church amongst his 
"ensetors," and that certain debts owing to George 
Clapame, William Redman, of London Stone, Thomas 
Reder, parson, of Thornton, and to Sir Richard Chol- 
melaie, his brother-in-law, shall be paid. He refers to 
his younger children, Francis, John, Margaret, Catherine, 
and Marie Redman ; directs his son Marmaduke to renew 
a lease, and leaves him all such land as he is in posses- 
sion of, to pay his mother her dower and to help his 
brothers and sisters ; refers to his sister, Blackburn, and 
to his brother, Thomas Redman. " My sonne Marmaduke 
Redman, Thomas Redman and Francis Redman, my 



1 64 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

brethren," he makes executors of his will. Supervisors — 
" Mr. John Redman, of Thornton, Esquire, my father, and 
Richard Redman of Gressington." 

(3) Francis, " of Overlands, 1556," married Margaret, 
daughter of Henry Hamerton Esq'^, by his wife Joan, 
daughter of Christopher Stapleton, of Wighill, Esquire ; 
and grand-daughter of Sir Stephen Hamerton, Lord of 
the manors of Hamerton, Knolsmere, Wigglesworth, Helli- 
field, Langfield, &c. Sir Stephen was among the York- 
shire knights and squires who flocked to the standard of 
Aske and took part in his disastrous Pilgrimage of Grace. 
For this act of treason he was hanged, drawn and quar- 
tered at Tyburn and his large possessions were forfeited 
to the Crown. 

His manor of Hellifield came into the hands of Sir 
Arthur Darcy, who in the second and third Philip and 
Mary, had a licence to alienate it to John Redman, Esq., 
father, as we have seen, of Francis, who had married the 
granddaughter of the attainted Sir Stephen ; and by fine 
levied at Westminster, 3 Elizabeth (1561) the said John 
and Francis, and Margaret, wife of Francis, in conjunction 
with Anthony Watson, Thomas Watson, and Alice, his 
wife, passed the manor to John Hamerton, Esq., son of 
Richard, younger brother of Sir Stephen. (Speight's 
Craven, p. 362, and Whitaker's Craven). 

The two daughters of John Redman were Margaret, and 
another, married to a Blackburne. On the death of John, 
in 1578, he was succeeded by his grandson, Marmaduke, 
son of Richard Redman and Elizabeth Cholmley, who, in 
1569, is described as "son and heir" to his father Richard. 
In a dispute concerning tenant-right, in 1580, " Marma- 
duke Readmanne, of Thornton, in the County of York, 
Esquire," sa}'s that " upon information given unto him 




RKU.MAN AKMS IN WINIXIW 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 165 

immediately after the death of John Readmanne, his grand- 
father, great variance, stryfe, suit, contention and con- 
trariness hath been stirred, moved and had between the 
said Marmaduke and Rowland Hardye, of Manserghe, 
Westmorland, his tenant, within his lordship of Man- 
serghe, concerning tenant-right upon a certain ground 
called Tyrrebanke, part of the inheritance, &c." 

Marmaduke had three wives : — 

(i) Alice, who appears in a fine of 1581, and who was 
buried on the gth of September, 1589. 

(2) Eleanor, widow of George Lamplugh, Esq. She 
died without offspring in 1593. 

(3) Ann, sister and co-heiress of Thomas Eyre, of 
Highfield, co. Derby, 1598. She was living in 1607. 

Marmaduke figures in the following Chancer^' proceed- 
ings relating to the dower of two of his wives : — 

Eyre v. Eyre and Marmaduke Redmayne and Anne, his 
wife — re manors, &c., in Derbyshire ; and Marmaduke 
Redman v. Patrickson, Fletcher and Lamplough, Cumber- 
land. 

" The plaintiff being upon a treaty of marriage witti Elinor Lamp- 
lough, widow, (since his wife), proposed to settle his own lands and 
tenements, and she also proposed to make a settlement of her 
property ; but which she was prevented doing by the interference 
of defendants. (Chancery proceedings. Queen Eliz"'. Rolls Series, 
vols. i. and ii. 

I thinli (Colonel Parker writes) that Alice, first wife of Marma- 
duke, was a Protestant, the other two wives being Roman Catholics; 
for I find both Marmaduke and his third wife, Anne, in the list of 
Papists, in 1604, which does not include William, his son by Alice. 
Marmaduke was a Justice of ^he Peace in 1585. John, his brother, 
was a priest (West Riding Sessions Roll, 1598) ; and Francis and 
Thomas, his uncles, were both of the old faith. This is probably 
the reason why the family does not appear in the Visitations. 



1 66 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Marmaduke died in June, 1607, and his burial is thus 
mysteriously recorded in the Thornton Register : — 

June 24 Ao 1607. Marmaduke Readmayne, ar. was Buried upon the 
nighte by unknown p'sons. 

Marmaduke had quite a " quiverful " of children, of 
whom two sons and five daughters will be found in the 
annexed pedigree. Four of them appear to have died in 
infancy. His successor, William, was twenty-nine years 
old on his accession ; and he probably married Ann, 
daughter of Henry Patrickson. A settlement was made 
for this marriage, but whether it took place or not is not 
proved. In 1598 she is styled Anna Redman, alias Pat- 
rickson, spinster. " Anne, wief of William Readman," 
appears in the list of Roman Catholics at Thornton in 
1604 (Rawlinson MSS., p. 452, Bodleian Liby.) ; and 
William Redman, gent, and Ann, his wife, appear in a 
fine of 1602. 

William died on 25th September, 1607, having survived 
his father only three months, and was buried eight days 
later. He had two sons— 

(i) John, his successor, an infant two years old at his 
father's death ; 

(2) Richard, who died in infancy. 

The following is a copy of the inquisition taken after 
his death : — 

17 Nov., 1607. Inquisition taken at York Castle, 17 Nov. 5 Jas I. 
(1607) before John Tayler, Esq., Escheator, after the death of Wil- 
liam Readman of Thornton, co. York, Esquire. 

The said William Readman was seized in fee of a Capital Mes- 
suage, four other Messuages, eight cottages, another Capital 
Messuage called Overlandes, 120 acres of arable land, meadow and 
pasture in Thornton ; a water-mill in Thornton ; also the Manor of 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 167 

Wrayton, co. Lancaster, six messuages and 50 acres of land, meadow 
and pasture in Wrayton ; a Capital Messuage called Netherlandes, 
within the lordship of Burton, co. York. 

The Capital Messuage and other the Messuages, etc. in Overlandes 
and Thornton are held of the King as of his Manor of Thornton, 
parcel of his honour of Richmond, by Knight's service and los. 2^d. 
rent; and they are worth per annum (clear) £^ iis. The premises 
in Wrayton are held of William, Lord Monteagle, as of his Manor 
of Hornby by Knight's service, and by yearly rent of 24s. 4d. and 
they are worth per annum (clear) 18 shillings. The premises in 
Netherlandes worth per annum (clear) los. are held of William, 
Earl of Derby, as of his Manor of Burton by Knight's service and 
by 3s. 4d. yearly rent. 

William Readman died 25 Sept. last (1607) and John Readman, 
his son and heir, at the time of his father's death was aged two 
years and more. 

Sir John Redmayne. 

Of the career of John Redmayne, who was thus left 
fatherless while still an infant, the Records tell us little, 
although he was a man of importance in his time. We 
know that he was dubbed a knight, that he espoused the 
cause of his Sovereign in the Civil War, that the reward 
of his loyalty was the sequestration of his estates and that 
he died (he was probably killed) during the war. His life, 
the close of which was cast in such stirring times, must 
have been full of interest ; and it is a misfortune that so 
little of it is revealed to us. 

As a matter of fact we know more of the doings of his 
eldest son and of his son-in-law in the Civil War than of 
the part Sir John played in it. It was in all probability 
his heir, William, who was the first to fall among the 
defenders of Pontefract Castle during its second siege in 
the spring of 1645. 

In Nathan Drake's quaint diary, in which he so faith- 



i68 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

fully kept a chronicle of the siege, he wrote on " Fridday, 
the 2ith March (1645), about 2 of the clock in the after- 
noone the Enemy Came in again and took the upp' towne, 
killd Captin Redma' about the bridge and a souldyer 
upon the toppe of the Round Tower, and tooke 3 of our 
men prisoners." The tragedy which robbed this young 
royalist of life was heightened by the fact that the second 
siege did not really commence till the following day. He 
seems to have wandered away from the protection of the 
castle to the exposed bridge, a quarter-of-a-mile distant, 
and to have been killed by a random shot. 

By a curious irony of fate one of the principal leaders 
of the besieging army — he appears to have been second in 
command to Lord Fairfax — was young Redman's own 
brother-in-law, Colonel William Forbes, the husband of 
Mary Redman, who played a conspicuous part in the 
siege. It was he who on the i6th January, 1645, took to 
the governor of Pontefract castle Fairfax's letter demand- 
ing its surrender "without the effusion of blood"; and 
four days later, having received no anwer. Colonel Forbes 
wrote the following letter : — 

Sr, I desire to have a positive answer of the Summons sent in 
upon Thursday last, that I may give an account to my Lord (who is 
now heare) of your resolutions, likewise I desire to know whether 
Mr. (Ogales) exchanged for Leiutenant Browne or for money, and if 
(for money) for what summe. 

Sr. I shall remaine your 

friend, WILL. FORBES. 

Not many days earlier he had been slightl}- wounded : 
" the gth being Thursday," Drake writes, " the besieged 
plaid one cannon again Newhall wheare it broke a hoale 
into the wall and one of the stones hitt Generall Forbus 
on the face, but was but a little hurt." ■ ' '" 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 169 
During part of the siege he seems to have been in com- 
mand of the Pariiamentary forces .— " The enemy basely 
stayd all wme from coming to the Castle for serving of 
the Communion on Eastre day allthough Forbus (their 
Governor) had graunted p'tecktion for the same-" ; and 
in the following August we find him so far wavering to- 
wards a return to loyalty that he was accused of conspir- 
ing with Colonel Fairfax and Major Morris to seize the 
Castle for the King after its surrender. 

Colonel Forbes lived, however, to die in the service of 
Parliament ; while his father-in-law, Sir John, lost his 
estates, and probably his life, in the opposite cause. 

The story of the different attempts of Sir John's widow 
and children to recover the forfeited lands is told in the 
following Royalist Composition Papers. 

Sir John Redmaine, of Thornton. 
No. 482. 
G. 203 p. 159. 14 Sept., 1647. PETITION of Mary Forbes, 
widow of Col. VVm. Forbes, daughter of Sir John Redmain, Knt 
that the estate of her father being sequestered for his delinquency 
the sequestration not being taken off in his hfetime nor in that of 
his eldest son, her brother german, the last of them dying above z 
years since, prays to compound for an estate in Lancashire called 
Wreatoune worth 20 li. per annum descended to her; her husband 
hath done many good things to the Parliament and lost his life in 
its service. 

Fined 12 Oct., 1647, 40 h. 
G. 203, p. 160. 13 June, 1649. PETITION to compound for 
lands m Thornton. Referred to Mr. Reading. 

G. 203, p. 157. 26 June, 1649. REPORT.-Sir John Redman 
was sequestered 1645, his son William died 1645. 

Fine at a tenth 140 li. Total fine 180 li. 

G. 113, p. 564- 4 June, 1652. PETITION of Dame Sarah Red- 

maine widow, relict of Sir John Redmaine, that her husband, before 



Z 



lyo REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HAREWOOD. 

his intermarriage with her settled several manors in the Counties of 
York and Lancaster upon John Brackenbury, Esq. and Thomas 
Birkbeck, gent, in trust for her jointure, which are now sequestered 
for his delinquency and the Committee refuse to discharge the same 
without your order. She prays witnesses be examined and refer- 
ence to Counsel! for her title and in the meantime to receive the 
profits upon security. 

Ordered to certify and refer to Mr. Brereton. 

G. 113, p. 562. 23 July, 1652. Further petition that she hath not 
received any fifth part of the estate towards the maintenance of 
herself and children, for Francis Dodsworth who is tenant of the 
Commonwealth refuses to pay it although the same is deducted out 
of his rent. She prays to receive her fifths. 

Ordered to have the fifth. 

G. 113, p. 557. 20 July, 1653. Further petition that Sir John 
Redmaine being dead and his name inserted in the last Act for Sale 
she put in her claim at the Committee of Obstructions for the allow- 
ance of the premises which was allowed by the Committee, 31 Mar., 
1653. She prays they may be discharged from sequestration and 
she may receive the rents till her title shall be allowed. 
Referred to Mr. Brereton. 

G. 113, p. 555. 25 July, 1653. PETITION of John Redmaine, 
Esq., eldest son and heir of Sir John to compound for the reversion 
of his mother's jointure and for the rest of the estate. 
Referred to Mr. Brereton. 

G. 113, p. 577. 31 Aug., 1653. The Drury House Committee 
write to the Commissioners for compounding at Haberdashers' 
Hall. We find that John Redman hath compounded with you for 
lands in Thornton formerly the possession of Sir John Redmaine 
Knt. we give you notice that we proceeded to the sale of the lands 
15 July last to William Dodsworth, gent, (no composition being 
entered here within the 30 days limited in the Act) ; we further in- 
form you that we are told that the party whom you have admitted 
to compoimd is neither heir nor assignee of his father, and that the 
said Dodsworth's wife is heir to William Redman, who was eldest 
son and heir to Sir John. We conceive you will stop all proceed- 
ings as to the composition. 

G. 113, p. 574. 12 Oct., 1653. PETITION of Dame Sarah Red- 
maine for discharge and allowance of her arrears for 24 Dec, 1649. 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 171 

G. 19, p. 1 130. 13 Oct., 1653. Claim allowed. 

G. 18, p. 904. 7 and g Dec. 1653. Thomas Wharton and Wil- 
liam Dodsworth '■■ having bought from the Treason Trustees lands 
in Burton and Thornton Hall in Thornton formerly belonging to Sir 
John Redmaine Knt. they are to receive the rents. 

G. 81, p. g. 7 July, 1653. PETITION of William Dodsworth of 
Thornton that his wife as heir of lands in Thornton as daughter of 
Sir John Redmaine whose estate it was being now surveyed may 
compound for them. 

Referred to Mr. Brereton to Report. 

Sir John was twice married : — 

(i) To Rebecca, whose identity has never, to the best 
of my knovvledtje, been established, but who was not 
improbably a Middleton. She died in March, 1627-8, 
surviving her marriage a very brief period, but sufficiently 
long to leave two children : 

(1 ) William, who was baptised in Thornton church 

on the 8th October, 1626, when his father had 
barely reached his majority, and who, as we 
have seen, died a youth of nineteen, in 1645. 

(2) Mary, who was first married to Colonel Forbes. 

Her second husband was William Dodsworth, 
Esquire, member of an old Yorkshire family, 
allied by marriage with the families of Stapleton, 
Tunstall and Hutton. John Dodsworth married 
Henrietta, sister of Dr. Hutton, Archbishop of 
Canterbury, and an earlier John had for wife 
Frances, daughter of Sir Timothy Hutton and 
granddaughter of Matthew, Archbishop of York. 



=.„hT"!''",°°'^''S°"''' '''''°' "'i"' Thomas Wharton purchased Thornton Hall 
^t^tl Ar°^ B^r'S.'''.^'^^ the second husband of Mary Redman, Sir John's 
daughter and Colonel Forbes s widow. 

In the Act of 1652, relating to the estates of delinquents, Sir John's name 
appears t^v.ce, (i) as '■ Sir John Redman, of Writon (Wrayton), n the Co of 
Lancaster ' ; and (2) as Sir John Redman, late of Newcastle in the Co of 
York (sic) (Scobell's Acts and Ordinances of the Commonwealth) 



172 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Rebecca had not long been dead when Sir John, who 
was but twenty-two years old when he was left a widower, 
sought and found a second wife in 

(2) Sarah, one of the daughters and co-heirs of Sir 
George Selby, a well-to-do knight of Durham and a mem- 
ber of the ancient family of Selby of Earle and Biddleston. 
The first notable member of this Northumbrian stock was 
a Sir Walter who flourished when Henry III. was King, 
and who received large grants of lands from his successor, 
Edward I. Another Sir Walter was governor of Liddell 
Castle (16 Ed. III.), which he held for a time against all 
the strength of the Scottish King David ; and a later 
Selby, Ralph, was a Baron of Exchequer and Privy Coun- 
cillor of Henry IV. and V. He lies buried in Westmin- 
ster Abbey, and was described in his epitaph as " one 
exceedingly beloved and favoured by Kings Henry IV. 
and V." 

Sarah Selby had more than her long descent to boast 
of when she gave her hand to the young Thornton 
widower; for, as will appear later, she brought him a 
substantial dower " of the value of ^^7000 and upwards " ; 
and doubtless her sister and co-heiress, Isabella, was 
similarly dowered when she became the wife of Sir Pat- 
ricius Curwen, Bart., whose arms may be seen to-day 
impaling those of Selby over the front door of Working- 
ton Hall ; while within is his portrait in all the seven- 
teenth century splendour of slashed crimson doublet, and 
trunk hose, scarlet stockings, collars and cuffs of white 
point lace, and gold-embroidered sword belt. (Curwen's 
Workington Hall, p. 7). 

Lady Sarah's wedded life was by no means a bed of 
roses. After about thirteen years of placid living, during 
which she bore six children, the Civil War brought to the 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 173 

Thornton household, as to many another English family, 
years of constant alarms and anxiety, and the loss of 
husband, fortune, and home. When Sir John died, in 
1645, his widow and her six young children were turned 
out of their home with nothing left to preserve them from 
perishing, as her son, Hugh, in 1660, states in a petition 
to the Crown. 

Lady Sarah, however, lived long enough to see Crom- 
well underground, and the Civil War and the Common- 
wealth but an unpleasant memory. She saw eighteen 
years of the second Charles's reign and died in December, 
1678, leaving four sons, all in comfortable circumstances, 
and two daughters suitably married. 

She appears to have been living in Thornton in 
i658, as is evidenced by a letter written in that year by 
the Rev. B. Oley, a former curate of the neighbouring 
parish of Burton-in-Lonsdale, to a Mr. Foxcroft. The 
letter begins thus : — 

" Mr. Foxcroft — I salute 3'ou in Xt. and pray you to 
give my humble service to my Lady Redmayne and her 
family, also to Mr. Akerigg, Mr. Hodgson, and John Red- 
man, and all that know me. . . ." And on December 
loth, 1678, she was buried " in her own Quire " in 
Thornton church. Her tombstone, the Rev. A. J. War- 
wick, M.A., vicar of Thornton, who has rendered me 
much courteous assistance, tells me, was removed from 
the church at its restoration in 1868, and is now in the 
churchyard exposed to the weather and to the destructive 
feet of careless passers-by. Much of the lettering is 
now undecipherable, but the following is probably an 
accurate rendering of the original inscription. The 
letters in brackets have been obliterated. 



174 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

HERE LYES 
THE LADY SARAH [R]EDM[AYNE] 
• • • WHO DYED THE VII OF D[ECEMBER] 
MDCLXXVIII [IN THE LXX YEAR] 
OF HER AGE. 
SHE WILL AWA[KE R]ESUM[E HER BREATH] 
THEN SING THE TRIUMPH [OVER DEATH] 
O DEATH 
WHERE IS THY STING 
., O GRAVE 

WHERE IS THY VICTORY ? 

Beneath the inscription are the Redman arms, impahng 
those of Selby-barry of eight. 

To Sir John and Sarah Selby were born six children, 
(i) John, the eldest, who was born in 1630, never married 
and died just half a century later, in April, 1680, having 
survived his mother two years. His name appears, in 
1665, first on the list of " sworn men " of Thornton ; and 
part of his life seems to have been spent in the neighbour- 
hood of Newcastle-on-Tyne. The inventory of his goods 
is curiously dated 12 March, 1680 — the month before his 
death. 

12 March 1680. 

Inventory of goods &c. of John Redmayne Esq; 
Total £50. 7. 6. 

Ral Redmayne 
George Greenbanke 
John Dixon. 
Bond, Richard Redmayne Esq. of Thornton Hall and Leonard 
Burton of Dent. Above Richard, administrator of the estate. 

John's virtues are thus quaintly commemorated on a 
brass in the vestry of Thornton church. Above the in- 
scription are the Redman arms, with the Thornton crest, 
a hand (dexter) couped at the wrist. 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 175 

Here Lieth the Body of Major JOHN 

REDMAYNE, Eldest son to Sr John 

Redmayne, who Departed this life ye Fifth 

Of April, Anno Dom, 1680, in ye 50th Year of's age. 

Here Lieth a Mirror matchless in his Time 

For human Learning and a great Divine. 

Firme in his faith and Valiant for his King, 

Stout as an AJAX, Just in everything ; 

Well arm'd for Death he did for Mercy call ; 

To be with Christ he knew was best of all. 

By his example therefore spend your hours, 

His bitter cup is past, the next turne's yours. 

(2) Richard, the second son, who on his brother's 
death succeeded to the remnant of the family estates, 
lived at Linton-in-Craven during the latter years of his 
life. He was at Linton in March, 1688, when he was one 
of the trustees of the marriage settlement of Edward 
Parker, Esq., of Browsholme ; and he was buried there 
on the 4th February, 1692-3. His wife Elizabeth (prob- 
ably either a Hewitt or a Benson) survived him twenty-six 
years, dying at Linton in 1718, at the age of seventy- 
seven, and being buried in the church, where her memory 
is preserved by a brass in the vestry. Her will is dated 
II June, 1718. 

By his will, dated 27 Jan., 1692 (York Probate Regis- 
try), Richard bequeathed to his brother Ralph £20, a 
bond of £14 owing to him, and " all the household goods 
which he hath already received and had out of my house 
at Thornton Hall ; but all the other household goods I 
give to my loving wife, Elizabeth Redmaine, now re- 
maineing and being in the said hall." To Ralph, too, he 
gives " one iron chest (called the Lead), with all intering 
therein which concerns my lands at Thorneton or else- 
where in Lancashire, now in my possession at Linton, to 



176 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

be delivered to him or iiis heires after the death of my 
wife ; but my wife to have and enjoy the same for Hfe 
without diminishing the same." 

To his nephew, John Downes " (if living and come to 
receive the same)," he bequeaths £15 " in full of all 
demands from his grandmother, the Lady Sarah Red- 
mayne deceased, and if he do not acquit her and her 
executors, then 20/- only. Also to his sister, late Sara 
Downes, ^20 if she be living at my death and come to 
receive the same herself and acquit her grandmother, the 
said Lady Sara Redmayne and her executors, and, if not, 
20/- only." 

Among other legacies are : — ^To " Jeffray " Wildman (a 
nephew) 10/- ; Mistress Catherine Downe (a sister) 10/ ; 
the executors of George Selby, late of Newcastle (probably 
his mother's brother) £10, which was borrowed of him by 
Lady Redmayne. His "cousin," Mr. Thomas Redmaine, 
of Water Fowford (Fulford, near York), receives £10 ; 
and small legacies go to his clerk, to two men- and two 
maid-servants, the late and present " parsons of Lin- 
ton," &c. The residue of his goods he leaves to his 
" loveing and dear wife, Elizabeth Redmaine, executrix." 

(3) Ralph, the third of Sir John's surviving sons, 
appears to have been exceedingly badly treated by the 
widow of his dead brother, Richard, who not only con- 
cealed her husband's death from him, but retained 
possession of the lands which ought to have come to 
Ralph as Richard's heir. 

I am tempted to quote here portions of Ralph's petition 
to the Court of Chancery in 1693, which is interesting 
not only from the family information it supplies but as 
"sbewing how essentially human these ancestors of ours 
were in their little jealousies and deceptions, their greed 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 177 

and spitefulness. It is quite clear that Ralph had no 
reason whatever to love his sister-in-law, Elizabeth, of 
Linton, and he does not hesitate to express his opinion of 
her in terms of amusing candour. 

REDMAN V. REDMAN Widow and others. 
25th November, 1693. 

The humble suppUant, RALPH REDMAYNE, of Thornton in 
Lonsdale, co. Ebor. Esq. That whereas Sir John Redmayne, late 
of Thornton-in- Lonsdale, Knight, your Orator's late father was in 
his lifetime, that is about sixty years ago, seized of a capital mes- 
suage called Thornton Hall, together with various other messuages 
and lands, tenements, etc. situate in Thornton-in-Lonsdale, West- 
house, Masongill and Burton-in-Lonsdale in said Co. of York, of the 
yearly value of ;f 150, and being so seized intermarried with Dame 
Sara Redman being before her marriage of equal quality with him 
and bringing to him a fortune or marriage-portion of the value of 
£7000 and upwards, in consideration of which marriage and portion 
the said Sir John Redmayne did by his indenture or some other 
writings duly executed, settle all the said capital messuage etc. to 
the use of him and his said wife, your Orator's said father and 
mother, for their lives and for that of the longer liver of them, and 
from and immediately after the decease of the longer liver, then to 
the use of first, second, third etc. and every other son and sons of 
their two bodies lawfully begotten or to be begotten and the heirs 
male of their bodies, as they should be in seniority of age and 
priority of birth, with divers remainders over etc. 

After the said Sir John Redmaine lived divers years and died, and 
your Orator's mother, the Lady Redmaine, survived and enjoyed all 
the said messuage (capital) and premises during her life and died 
about sixteen years ago ; after whose death the same came to and 
descended to John Redmaine, Esq, your Orator's late eldest brother, 
who entered and died unmarried and without issue ; after whose 
death, by virtue of such settlement the premises came to Richard 
Redmayne, Esq. next brother to the said John Redmaine, and elder 
brother to your Orator, who entered thereto and being seized in fee 
tayle was persuaded by one Elizabeth Hewett, now named Eliza- 
beth Redmayne, a defendant hereinafter named, to intermarrie with 



lyS REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

her (she) being a person far inferior and very unsuitable to the 
degree and quality of the said Richard Redmaine ; and after their 
marriage after very great promises and hopes of having a very great 
fortune by her was persuaded, by her or her friends, to settle the 
said capital messuage so as the same should come to and be enjoyed 
by her, the said Elizabeth Redmaine, for her life as a jointure, with 
divers remainders to divers of the said Ehzabeth's relations and 
friends or other persons unknown to your Orator, without making 
any provision at all for your Orator, although he, the said Richard 
Redmaine, had no power so to do being only tenant in taile and 
therefore could only settle the said premises, etc. no longer than for 
his own life. That the said Richard Redmaine, your Orator's 
brother, on or about the 27th day of January, 1692, made his last 
will and testament, as your Orator is informed by another and has 
no reason to disbelieve, devised to your Orator among other things 
one bond, &c. 

Ralph then goes on to say that Richard died without 
issue and that after his death the estates ought to come 
to him as next in the entail. Elizabeth, however, not 
only concealed from him the news of his brother's death 
for a considerable time, but entered into possession of the 
estates and refused to show Ralph the settlement, fines, 
recoveries, etc., under which she professed to be entitled. 

To add to her iniquities she also got possession of the 
settlement made by Sir John and " all the ancient deeds, 
writings and evidences touching the said estates," and 
" divers other records, charts and antiquities touching the 
petitioner's family, and hath since cancelled, defaced, 
and dispersed the same so that he is quite unable to make 
out his title." 

Elizabeth has further conspired with one Anthony Wile, 
of Belfast, and Rebecca, his wife (probably a daughter of 
Ralph's step-sister, Mary, daughter of Sir John, by his 
first wife, Rebecca) who have formerly professed some 
title to the estates, to assist her in her nefarious schemes. 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 179 

" all of which doings are contrary to right and equity, 
and tend to the utter ruin of the Orator and his family 
having been of great antiquity." He finally prays that a 
subpoena may be served on Elizabeth Redmaine, Anthony 
Wile and Rebecca, his wife, commanding them to appear 
personally before his Lordship. 

Ralph appears to have made his home at Thornton, 
and it seems probable that he found his wife in the dis- 
trict in a daughter of the old house of Tatham ; which 
had at least one common descent with the Redmans from 
Waldieve, Lord of Ulverston, whose granddaughter 
Henry de Redman had married five centuries earlier. 
He seems to have spent at least the latter part of his life 
at Halsteads, a delightful sixteenth century house which 
sheltered some generations of Tathams ; and to have led 
the placid life of a country gentleman, no doubt nursing 
his grievances against his sister-in-law who had so 
wickedly deprived him of his birthright. Margaret, 
Ralph's wife, died childless in 1701, and the following 
epitaph on a brass in the vestry of Thornton church per- 
petuates the memory of her amiable qualities . — 

Here Lieth the Body of MARGAR 
ET REDMAYNE, wife to RALPH 
REDMAYNE, Esq. who Departed this Life 
ye eleventh of JANUARY, Auno Doni, 
1701, in the 51st year of her Age. 
She was a woman of a generous dis- 
position, Courteous to all and kind to ye poore. 

Ralph survived his wife a little over two years, dying 
on the 3rd March, 1703, at the age of sixty-two. He too 
has his brass memorial, near to that of his wife in the 
church of Thornton ; and his epitaph is an eloquent 
tribute to his piety and his generosity. ^ 



i8o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Here lyeth the Body of RALPH REDMAYNE, 
Esq. who Departed this life the third Day of March, 
Anno Doni, 1703, in the 63rd yeare of his age. 
Speak Tomb, can Brass and Marble die ? 

They may my sweaty fears reply. 
What then indures ? Goodnesse alone 

Survives the Brass, the marble Tomb 
That warmes his ashes here enshrined. 

And beames the Lustre of his mind. 
By this his name, his coat doth stand 

More famed than by the bloody hand. 
Let his last generosity 

To Altar, School and Poverty 
For ever witness this ; and dead 

With deathlesse Laurels crowne His head 
Thus will the actions of the just 

Smell sweet and blossome in the dust. 

His will, a copy of which is treasured among the 
records of Thornton parish, is, I think, sufficiently in- 
teresting to be given in full. It will be seen that such 
small possessions as he had enjoyed he left principally to 
the local poor and for the endowing of a grammnr school ; 
while his silver he bequeathed to the church of Thornton 
for conversion into the handsome altar-plate which is 
pictured opposite. It will also be noticed that he left to 
the church two damask napkins, one of which has the 
figure of the Temple of Jerusalem woven therein, and 
which may not improbably have come down to him from 
some crusading ancestor. 

WILL of RALPH REDMAYNE Esquire, of Halsteads, in the 
Parish of Thornton, County of York, dated Feb. 3, 1702, proved 
Mar. 30, 1703. 

In the name of God, Amen. I, Ralph Redmayne, of Halsteads, 
in the Parish of Thornton and County of York, Esquire, being sick 
of body but of sound mind and perfect memory, praised be Almighty 




[AIM'LATE OF THORNTON' CHUKCH, 
. m silver bequeathed by Ralph Redmayne, Esq. 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. i8i 

God for the same, doe make and ordaine this my last will and testa- 
ment in manner and forme following (that is to say)— ffirst and 
principally I commend ray soul into the hands of Almighty God 
hopeing through the merits and death of my Saviour Jesus Christ to 
have full and free pardon and forgiveness of all my sins and to 
inherit everlasting life, and my body I commit to the earth to be 
decently buryed att the discretion of my executors hereafter named. 
And as touching the disposal of all and temporall estates as it hath 
pleased Almighty God to bestow upon me I give and dispose thereof 
as followeth : — 

ffirst, I will that my debts, legacies and funerall expenses shall be 
paid and discharged. 

Item. I give and bequeathe to the use of the Church of Thornton 
one damask napkin having the figure of the Temple of Jerusalem 
woven therein ; one damask napkin, one large silver Tankard have- 
jng my coat-of-arms on it, one little silver Tankard, Two silver Pot- 
tingers, two silver salts, six silver spoons, three silver castors, and two 
silver salvers — all to be made, melted downe or exchanged into a 
less silver salver, into two silver Flaggons, and a silver Bowl with a 
cover, both to be double gilt, and to have the image of our Saviour 
crucified on the top thereof. And I will and order that they shall 
all be to and for the use of the said Church of Thornton for ever. 

Item. I give and bequeathe to the use of the poor people of 
Thornton for ever, the poor people of Ireby only excepted, the sum 
of fflfty Pounds of lawful! English money to be paid by my Execu- 
tors hereafter named at the end of one }'ear after my decease. And 
my will and mind is that the interest and consideration and yearly 
profitt and increase of the said ffifty Pounds be given and distributed 
to the poor people of the said Parish of Thornton yearly and every 
year for ever, the poor people of Ireby only excepted. 

Item. I will give and bequeathe the snm of two hundred pounds 
of lawful! money of England to be paid at the end of one year next 
after my decease unto Thomas Topping of Barneywick, Roland 
Tatham, Thomas Yetts, and John Knovvles, in the Parish of Thorn- 
ton, yeoman, to be bestowed and lett out by them upon land or to 
be lett out on interest till they can conveniently well bestow and 
secure the said money upon land to and for the use and interest 
that the yearly interest rents and profits and revenues which may 



i82 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

issue etc by reason of the said two hundred pounds be paid to the 
schoolmaster of the school at Neither West House Green*, in the 
Parish of Thornton, yearly for ever for his teaching and educating 
in the said school, which said school I will, order and appoint shall 
be free to and for all such children and scholars as shall come to 
the same, whose parents, guardians and tutors shall dwell and in- 
habit within the said Parish of Thornton, except those within Ireby 
1 doe not will, order and appoint to be free of the same. And like- 
wise I doe here nominate, ordaine and appoint the said Thomas 
Topping etc. to be ffeoffees, overseers, trustees and supervisors in 
the premisses, etc. etc. 

Item. I will and bequeathe to Sir William Gerrard, Baronet, one 
iron chest called the " Lead," standing and being at Lynton, and all 
deedes, evidences and writings therein or elsewhere belonging or 
appertaining to any of the premises purchased of me by the said Sir 
William Gerrard, Baronet. 

Item. I will and bequeathe to John Fenwick, Esquire, one case 
of pistoles and Holsters and one gold ring having my name and 
death's head engraved on it. =■= * ■•• 

Item. I will and bequeathe to Ehzabeth Mayer, my servant, the 
Eume of sixty pounds of lawful English money, and also the interest 
and consideration which shall be behind at my decease due to me 
by one Thomas Bateman of Parke, the said John Fenwick, Esquire, 
stands bound to me. 

Then follow legacies of money and furniture to two maid-servants 
and one man-servant, and of furniture to Ellen Tatham. All the 
rest of his personal estate Ralph bequeaths to William Tatham, of 
Halsteads, whom he appoints sole executor. 

Memorandum of the silver-plate above-mentioned given and be- 
queathed to the Church: weight in all 124 ounces; and it is the 
will and desire of the testator that ye Two fflagons to be made for 



Ralph Redmayne, Esq., in 1702, founded a free school and endowed 
it with ;£2oo, which having been invested in laud, produces 
annually ;f50." 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 183 

ye Church as abovesaid contain three pints apiece and the Bowl 
contains one pint. 

signed : Ralph Redmayne. 
Witnesses: Thomas Talbot. Administration granted to 
Bryan- Nicholson. William Tatham, Esquire, 
Robert Mayer. the sole executor. 

March, the thirtieth, 1703. 

(4) Hugh, Sir John's fourth and youngest surviving son, 
was born circa 1642, and probably died without offspring 
before 1692. In 1660, when he was but a youth, Hugh, 
after recounting the misfortunes his family had suffered 
in the Royalist cause, to which reference has been made 
earlier, petitions Charles H., who had recently come to 
his throne, for a commission in the Lifeguards, or, failing 
that, an appointment at his Court as Page of the Back- 
stairs. The commission he did not get ; and whether or 
not his alternative request was granted I cannot say. 

It is possible, although not probable, that he may have 
been the Hugh Redman who appears in the State papers 
for 1692. In that year a company was formed to fish for 
pearls in the river Irt and in other Cumberland waters. 
The leading spirit of this curious enterprise (which, 
strange to say, resulted in the recovery of £800 worth of 
pearls) was Mr. Thomas Patrickson, of How Hall, Enner- 
dale ; and among others whose names appear associated 
with his in the charter are Giles and Hugh Redman. 

He was almost certainly dead when his brother Richard 
made his will in January, 1692, since, although the testa- 
tor remembers his sisters' children, there is no mention of 
Hugh ; and if this may be accepted as evidence, it is 
scarcely likely that at this date he would feel any interest 
in fishing for pearls in Cumberland waters. Sir John had 
two daughters by Sarah Selby : — 



1 84 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

(i) Catherine, who became the wife of a London 
husband of the name of Downe ; and 

(2) Margaret, who married Thomas Wildman and 
had a son, Geoffrey, mentioned in his uncle Richard's 
will. 

Thus, although Sir John had at least eight children by 
his two wives, not one of his five sons seems to have left 
any issue ; while his daughters made their homes and 
brought up their families away from the place of their 
childhood. 

Thornton Hall, which probably sheltered many 
generations of this branch of the Redman family, and 
which was a spacious, stoutly-built manor house, with 
walls two yards thick, has long vanished. A trace of it, 
it is said, is still to be seen in an adjacent farm-building 
in the form of an arch, which may once have been part of 
a fireplace in the Hall, bearing the initials J. B. and T. B. 
and the date 1659 — ^ striking illustration of the fate that 
overtakes the homes of once flourishing families as well 
as the families themselves. In the new Hall, too, are 
stones and mullions which probably formed part of the 
earlier building. 

The present Church of St. Oswald at Thornton, in 
and around which so many generations of Redmans are 
sleeping, retains little of the structure of the older church, 
which it largely replaced in 1869-70, with the exception 
of the fifteenth century tower and three of the original 
Norman arches at the west end of the north arcade. It 
has, however, in addition to the brasses mentioned earlier, 
a most interesting seventeenth or eighteenth century win- 
dow, containing the Redman arms in stained glass, with 
the Thornton crest, a hand (in this presentment, the left 
hand) gules. 



REDMANS OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE. 185 

The Thornton registers are rich in material for students 
of Redman genealogy. The earliest baptismal entry 
is that of "Wm. the sonne of Marmaduke Redmayne, 
Esquire," who was baptized anno 1578; and between that 
year and August, 1847, no fewer than one hundred and 
sixty-four little Redmans followed William to the Thorn- 
ton font. The marriage entries begin three years later, in 
1581, when one Robert Commynge led Margaret Red- 
mayne to the altar, to be followed by seventy-five more of 
the name down to November, 1821 ; and there are one 
hundred and forty-one burial entries between that of 
" Jenett, daughter of Oswalde Redmayne, on Oct. 29, A" 
1577," and that of John Redmayne, of Burton, in Janu- 
ary, 1847. 



186 



THE REDMANS OF IREBY. 



CHAPTER XVII. 



THE Ireby branch of Redman had for founder Edmund, 
younger son of the Thomas Redman of Thornton, 
from whom the three lines of Thornton, Ireby, and 
Twisleton equally spring. This Edmund appears in De 
Banco Roll, Easter 23 Hen. VI. m. 455, as " Ediis Reed- 
mane de Ireby Lathes in parochia de Thornton, in Cora. 
Lane, gentilman " ; and for more than a century and a 
half his descendants ilourished as greatly as their neigh- 
bours and kinsmen of the senior or Thornton line. 

Their chronicles, however, are equally unmarked by 
features of extraneous interest. Their ambition appears 
to have been bounded by the narrow range of country 
life. They married well, managed their estates, which 
they handed on undiminished and often augmented to 
their descendants, and seem to have troubled themselves 
little with the concerns of the greater world which wagged 
beyond their quiet manors. 

The original Edmund had a son and successor Thomas, 
of whom the records tell us little. He was probably the 
Thomas Redmayne of Yreby who, with Br>'an Redmayn, 
of Gressingham, appears in a Jury list dated March 4th, 
1513, signed by Sir Edward Stanley, of Hornby Castle, 
six months before he played his gallant part on Flodden 
Field. The jury consisted of six priests and as many lay- 



B 



M" 



S 0-2 




° V, '5 ^ ~ 7,5 E >„ -5 .2 C ^ 'E ^ S 



II 




IXGLKTOM CHURCH. 
From Drawing by F. C. Tiliiey. TO face 



REDMANS OF IREBY. 187 

men, and the dispute related to certain glebe lands in 
Burton in Kendal. This document, the Rev. W. B. 
Grenside, M.A., the courteous vicar of Melling, informs 
me, is in possession of the Roman catholic priest at 
Hornby. 

Thomas had an heir Edmund, vf'ith at least three other 
sons, of whom Bryan wed Elizabeth, daughter and co- 
heiress of Richard Southworth, of Gressingham, one of 
whose sisters, Cecily, found a husband in Edward, of 
Thornton, parent of the lines of Gressingham and Fulford, 
while a second sister, Mabel, had for guardian Christopher 
Parker, Esquire, of Radholme. Edmund married an 
heiress of Wrayton, and died on 2gth March, 1511, seized 
of lands in Ireby, Tatham, Hornby, Wrayton, Claughton, 
and Tunstall (Duchy of Lancaster, Inq. p.m. 3 Hen. VHI. 
vol. iv., No. 42), and leaving an heir, Thomas, who was a 
youth of eighteen at his father's death. 

Thomas, the new head of the Ireby branch, was born 
in 1493, and wed Grace, daughter of William Layton, of 
Dalemayn, in Cumberland, whose mother was not im- 
probably a Tunstall, of Thurland. He had no long tenure 
of his estates, for he died at the early age of forty-three 
(in 1536); and the inquest after his death (Duchy of 
Lanes, vol vii., No. 2, 27 Hen. VHL) shews that he held 
lands in Ireby, Tunstall, Hornby, Wrayton infra Melling, 
and Claughton. 

His successor was his son William, a boy of twelve, 
with a long minority before him under the guardianship 
of a kinsman, probably a brother of his mother. In the 
Letters and Papers, Hen. VIII., vol. xiv (15 May, 1539) we 
find a " grant to Ed. Layton, elk., Archdeacon of Bucks, 
of all messuages, lands, &c., in Ireby, Tunstall, Hornby, 
Wratton, and Clayghton, or elsewhere in the County 



i88 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

of Lancashire, which belonged to Thomas Redmayne, 
deceased, during the minority of William Redmayne, son 
and heir of the said Thomas, with wardship and marriage 
of the said William." 

Six years later the young heir had licence of entry on 
his estates— William Redmayne, Esq., son and heir of 
Thomas Redmayne, Esquire, deceased. Special licence 
of entry without proof of age and without livery upon all 
the lands of his inheritance. (Duchy of Lanes. General 
and Special Liveries. Dep. Keeper's Rept., 39 App., p. 
558). 

William had not far to go to look for a wife, for he 
found her half-an-hour's good ride away at Thurland 
Castle, in Isabel, a daughter of Sir Marmaduke Tunstall 
and Alice, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Robert Scargill. 
Isabell was one of three sisters, born a few years after 
their grandfather, Sir Brian, had fallen at Flodden ; great 
niece of Cuthbert Tunstall, the bishop, and of Mrs. 
William Redmayne, of Twisleton. 

William, no doubt enriched by this Tunstall alliance, 
was a man of considerable importance in his time ; and 
we are not surprised to find him, in 1588, among the 
"gentlemen of the best calling in the County of Lancas- 
ter." It is no doubt this William whose name appears 
with that of his brother-in-law, Francis Tunstall, in the 
list of Lancashire gentlemen who, at this time, were 
leagued together for the defence of Queen Elizabeth 
against the evil machinations of Mary, Queen of Scots, 
and the other enemies of the State. (Baines's Lancashire 
i., p. 183). 

William and Isabel were blessed, probably beyond their 
wishes, with children, of whom seven sons and three 
daughters are on record. The eldest son, George, 



REDMANS OF I RE BY. 189 

appears to have been anything but the comfort he ought to 
have been to his father in his old age, as is shown by the 
following bill of complaint from the Duchy of Lancaster 
Pleadings, vol. 115, R. 4. 

Bill of Complaint of George Redman, of Ireby, Co. Lanes, gentle- 
man — William Redman, of Ireby, Esquire (father of George) was 
lawfully seized of an estate of inheritance in the Manor and Lord- 
ship of Ireby, &c., and by his deed dated in or about the month of 
March, 25 Elizabeth (1582-3) covenanted with petitioner, being his 
eldest son, Thomas Morley, Thomas Redman and John Wood, that 
he (William) and Isabel!, his wife, should, before the feast of St. 
Michael next (29 Sept., 1583) levy a fine of the said Manor &c to 
the use of said William and Isabel! his wife, for life, and then to the 
use of petitioner, with remainder over &c. By the same deed it was 
agreed that George Redman should enjoy two chambers on the west 
side of the said manor-house, with a garden belonging to the same, 
&c. &c. 

The fine was levied, and now both deeds are in the 
possession of the said William Redman, who will not 
allow petitioner to have pasture for three kyne and two 
geldings as arranged under the deed. 

The answer of William Redman, the father, states that 
the matters are put forward by complainant as a most un- 
kind son towards his natural father, aged about seventy 
years, and dwelling nine score miles from the court, &c. 
He says that about the feast of Michaelmas last past, 
George put upon the pastures divers horses or geldings 
" infected with vile and most horrible diseases," and so he 
ordered his servant to remove them. 

The undutiful heir did not very long survive this legal 
dispute, for he died five years before his old father, and 
was buried at Thornton, 20th March, 1592-3. He must 
have been both husband and father at the time he was 



igo REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

living under the paternal roof at Ireby ; for in 1579 he 
wed Julian, daughter of Nicholas Leybourne, of Cunswick, 
who found solace after his death by becoming Mrs. 
Brough ; and he had a daughter and heiress, Frances (vix 
1599), who became wife to Christopher Coniers, of Danby, 
and who figures in a Chancery suit with William Redman, 
her uncle. 

Christopher Coniers and'. Bill for payment of moy by settlement 
Frances, his wife, pits i^ charged on the Manor of Irebye, and 
Wm. Redman, Deft 1 lands in Tunstall, Lecke, Wraton, 

Hornebye, Todgill, Westhouse, &c. 
(Chancery Proceedings, Queen Eliz*., Rolls Series, vol. i., p. 155). 

(2) William, the second son of William Redman and 
Isabel Tunstall, by his marriage linked the long-severed 
lines of Harewood and Thornton ; for his wife was Aveline 
Lambert, granddaughter of the third and last Richard, of 
Harewood, daughter of John Lam.bert, of Calton, and 
aunt of the great General Lambert of later years. 

William and his wife figure in the following fines : — 

1596. Samuel Lambert, gent (Aveline's brother) 

William Redmayne, gent and Aveline his wife — 

messuage and lands in Burton-in-Lonsdale. 

1597. Giles Foxcroft—Wm. Redmayne Esq. and Isabel his wife; 

Wm. Redmayne and Aveline his wife, Francis Redmayne 
gent, and Jenetta, his wife — Lands in Netherlands and 
Thornton. 

Evidently William, senior, was tenant in tail in possession 
and William and Francis, his two sons, were tenants in 
tail in remainder successively ; the wives being joined to 
bar their dower. 

1602. Edward Garnet — William Redmayne, gent, and Aveline, his 
wife— Lands in Burton in Mewthe (Mewith, near Bentham). 



REDMANS OF I RE BY. 191 

William also figures in these earlier fines : — 

1585. William Redmayne, gent — Rosse, gent — -Three messuages 

and lands in Burton and Burton Moor. 
1587. William and George Redmayne — Johnson, Lands in Burton. 
1592. William Redmayne, gent, and others — Johnson and Eliz, his 

wife — Lands in Burton. 
1594. Robert Cansfield and others— Wm. Redmayne and others — 

II messuages with tenements in Thornton, Westhouse, 

Burton, Over Bentham, and Nether Bentham. 

To William and Aveline were born two sons and a 
daughter who died young, and a son, George, born in 
1601, of whose future nothing appears to be known. It is 
not improbable that there were other children whose 
names do not appear in the local registers. 

(3) Marmaduke, the third son of William Redman 
and Isabel Tunstall, was probably " Marmaduke, of Clif- 
ford, gentleman," who died in 1594, ^ Y^^^ °^ so after his 
eldest brother, George, and while his father was still alive. 

(4) Christopher, who appears in 1579. 

(5) Francis, " of Burton, gentleman," who married 
Jennet, and whose will is dated, 7 August, 1598. He left 
all to his widow, and among the creditors mentioned in 
his will is " Mrs. Redman, of Ireby, my mother." Francis 
appears to have died without offspring, and his wife was 
probably Jennet Lullson who, on the evidence of the 
Thornton Register, married " ffrancis Redmayne on Aug. 
II, Anno 1594." 

(6) Gabriel, who in 1583, is curiously mentioned as 
next in the entail to William, married (in 1607) Mary, 
daughter of James Danby, and widow of Roger Walker, 
who nine years later made a third matrimonial venture, 
this time with Posthumus Coulton, Esq. Of Gabriel's 
children, Mary became the wife of Richard Conyers, of 



192 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

York and Northallerton, and had issue : — James, Richard, 
Francis, Ann, and Mary, who ■wed, in 1680, J. Saville, of 
York. Gabriel's will is dated 1613, 
(7) Jason, who died in 1594. 

Of the daughters of William Redman and Isabel Tun- 
stall :— 

(i) Ellen was twice married, (a) to Robert Baines, 
of Sellet House, on i8th April, 1584, and (b) to 
Samuel Lambert, brother of Aveline Lambert, and 
grandson of Richard Redman, of Harewood. By 
Samuel Lambert, Ellen had issue John, born in 
1607, and other children. 

(2) Ann, who seems to have married Thomas Morley, 

of Wennington, in 1583 ; and 

(3) Mary, living in 1579. 

All these children, with the exception of George, appear 
as, legatees for small sums in the will of their grandmother, 
Dame Marie Tunstall, widow of Sir Marmaduke. The 
will is dated 31 December, 21 Eliz. (1579), and contains 
the following bequests : — 

To my daughter Isabell Readman £40. To Ellen Redman, her 
daughter, £40. Item — I do give to William, Marmaduke, Chris- 
topher, Francis, Gabriel, Jason, Ann and Marie Readman, children 
of William Readman, Esquire, my sonne in law, gotten of the bodie 
of my said daughter Isabell, ;f 130 to be equally divided amongst 
them. 

Supervisors, John Dawney (Sir John Dawnay, of Sessay, co. York, 
who married Elizabeth, another daughter of Sir Marmaduke and 
Lady Tunstall), and William Readman, Esquire, my son-in-law. 

Witnesses — George Readman and others. 

Probate 21 March, 1578-9. 

William and Isabel, when they looked on their seven 
sons, might well have thought that whatever fate befell 



REDMANS OF IREBY. 193 

other branches of their family the perpetuation of the 
Ireby Hne was secured against any possibihty of failure ; 
but, such is the irony of life, the family of Ireby seems to 
have come to its close at the very time when its continu- 
ance seemed to be most assured. Not one of William's 
seven sons appears to have left an heir, with the possible 
exception of William, whose son George appears on the 
register of births in 1601, only to vanish from all later 
view. 

This William (husband of Avelyn Lambert) seems to 
have dissipated the family estates ; for a generation later 
— in 1647 — we find the manor of Ireby in the possession 
of a son of James Redman, of Thornton. 

The hall of Ireby (now known as Over Hall), which 
probably sheltered several generations of this branch of 
the Redman family, is still in existence, although it has 
been largely rebuilt since their day. Of this ancient house 
Mr.- Speight gives the following interesting account in his 
Craven and North West Yorkshire Highlands (pp. 269-70). 

It is a sturdy mansion, with walls in some places six feet thick, 
and has an antique-looking square tower with open battlements at 
its north end. On entering the ancient stone-porch we pass by a 
ponderous oak-door, pegged with wooden nails, which opens into a 
spacious apartment called the Justice Hall. It was formerly the 
great dining-hall, and had a low ceiling ; but many years ago it was 
thrown open to the rooms above. 

At one time this was used as a Court-room, and some oak benches 
and the table before which the justices sat, are still preserved. The 
oldest portions of the bouse date apparently from the earliest years 
of the i6th century. The earlier house is said to have been much 
larger than the present building, and occasionally old foundations 
are met with. It was approached by a handsome carriage-drive 
half-a-mile long ; and there is a legend to the effect that a subter- 
ranean passage used to exist between the old Masongill Hall and 

2 C 



194 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Ireby Hall, but what was its direction or whether it ever really 
existed we have not had means to discover. 

Ireby Hall was restored late in the seventh century by 
Oliver Tatham, member of an ancient and gentle family 
with which the Redmans made several matrimonial alli- 
ances. The last of the Tathams who m^ade Ireby Hall his 
home was High Sheriff of Lancashire, and he lies, neigh- 
bour to many dead and gone Redmans, under the chancel 
of Thornton church. 

Many of the Redmans of this branch were baptized, 
married and buried in the parish church of Ingleton, the 
registers of which contain numerous entries. The earliest 
baptismal record is that of " Alicia Redmaine, daughter 
of Roger Redmaine, March 5, 1608," and one hundred 
and thirty-two little Redmaynes followed Alicia to the 
font, of which, as of the church, I am able to give a 
picture. The marriage entries begin in 1607 (May 24th), 
with the wedding of Margaret Redman to Christopher 
Houlme ; and the burial entries, in the same year, with 
Agnes Redman, daughter of Marmaduke, who was laid to 
rest in the church. The Redman entries in the registers 
of the neighbouring parishes of Bentham, Melling, Kirkby 
Lonsdale and Giggleswick are very few. 







FONT, INGLETON CHURCH. 

TO FACE p. 194. 



195 



THE REDMANS OF TWISLETON. 
CHAPTER XVIII. 

THE Redmans of Twisleton, like their kinsmen of 
Ireby, owed their existence to a younger son of the 
pioneer Thomas, of Thornton — to one John Redman, 
who in 1437 appears as "John Redman of Westhouse, in 
Thornton, gentleman," as a party to the bond relating, it 
is surmised, to a dispute as to Tunstall property. 

William, John's son and successor, found a wife in 
Cecily, elder daughter of Sir Thomas de Strickland, of 
Sizergh, and Mabel, daughter of Sir John de Bethom. It 
was William's father-in-law. Sir Thomas, who carried the 
banner of St. George in the fight at Agincourt ; he dis- 
tinguished himself in later years at the siege of Harfleur, 
and at the capture of Rouen, and was one of King Henry 
VI. 's brilliant escort when he went to Paris to be crowned 
King of France in the church of Notre Dame. The mar- 
riage of his daughter Cecily probably took place early in 
1436, a few months before Sir Thomas, then someway 
advanced in the fifties, set sail for France, taking the pre- 
caution to make his will before embarking at Sandwich, 
although he lived to revise his last testament twenty-four 
years later. On January 31, 1435-6, William of Twisleton 
was enfeoffed by his father-in-law in Little Urswick manor. 
The Redman ownership of this manor was signalised by 
the change of name of the ancient Hall of Urswick to 
Redmayne Hall. 



llrtimatt of S^luislfton. 



John Redman, of VVesthouse, 

(younger son of Thomas, of Thornton) 

20 Hen. VI., 28 Hen. VI. 



William=Cecily, 
son and heir enfeoffed in Little I elder dau. of Sir Thos. 
Urswick Manor, 31 Jan. 1435-6, de Strickland, 
by Sir Thos. de Strickland. 



Willi AM = Margaret, 
of Tvvisleton and Urswick, I dau. of Sir Thomas 
ob. 20 May, 1536. Tunstal. 



Maud, 

dau. of Geoffrey 

Redman, Esq., 

of Thornton. 

married secondly Abbey, 1550-1 

Thomas Barton, 

Esq. 



John, D.D., Thomas, 

1st Master of B.D., 

Trin. Coll., Camb. ; Master of 
buried Westminster Jesus Coll., 
Camb.,&c. 



GEORGE 
= Margaret 
Whittington 



William = Margaret Vavasour 
b. 1522. I 



Dau. = Leonard Metcalfe, Esq. 
of Beare Park, 
(Nappa). 



Marmaduke ; 



SCES= Leonard Babthorpe, Esq. 

I 
ivo daughters. 



REDMANS OF TWISLETON. 197 

William and Cecily had a son, John, of whose existence 
the only evidence seems to be that a wicked uncle ran 
away with him. In 1467 we find Giles Redman (probably 
the Giles who was vicar of Bentham in 1445) defen- 
dant in a case of abduction of John, son and heir of 
William Redman, from the custody of Sir Henry Fitz 
Hugh, Knight. John's guardian, from whose custody he 
was so unceremoniously taken was probably Henry, fifth 
Lord Fitz Hugh, who in the following year, actuated by 
some pious motive, made a pilgrimage to the Holy 
Sepulchre, and on his return founded a chantry for two 
priests in his castle at Ravensworth. 

Whether or not the abducted John survived his father I 
cannot say. It is probable, however, that William of 
Twisleton and Urswick, who appears later and with more 
prominence on the scene, was his son. This William took 
for wife Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas Tunstall by 
Alice, daughter of George Nevill, Archbishop of York, and 
thus a lineal descendant of John of Gaunt and the third 
Edward. William makes several appearances in connec- 
tion with his distinguished brothers-in-law Cuthbert, the 
bishop, and Brian, the knight. 

He was, as we shall see later, one of the executors of 
the will which Sir Brian made shortly before going to his 
death at Flodden ; and received a small legacy from him 
" for my syster marryage." Cuthbert Tunstall, in a letter 
to Cardinal Wolsey, dated 14 Dec. 1520, refers to his 
brother-in-law, William Redmayn ; and again on 29 Jan. 
1536, Tunstall, then Bishop of Durham, when sending 
bulls to Cromwell, says " William Redmayne, the bearer, 
will deliver them." (Letters and Papers, F. & D. Hen. 
VIII., vols. iii. and x.) As William, however, died in the 
following May advanced in years, it is perhaps more pro- 



igS REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

bable that the messenger to Cromwell was some unknown 
namesake. It could scarcely be William's grandson and 
successor who in 1536 was only a boy of fourteen. 

In 4 Hen. VIII. (1512), there was an award between 
the abbot of Furness and John Flemyng, of Rydale, Esq., 
made by Brian Tunstall, Sir John Lowther, John Lam- 
plugh and William Redmayne, of Twisleton, relating to 
the manor of Coniston (Beck's Furness Annals, p. 305) ; 
seven years later, on 8th July, 1519, William was ap- 
pointed a commissioner to search for suspected persons, in 
company with the Chancellor of Lancaster, the Master of 
the Rolls, and Dr. Throckmorton (Letters & Papers, F. 
& D., Hen. VIII., vol. iv.) ; and he is probably the William 
Redmayne who appears in the following fine (Michaelmas 
Term, ig Hen. VIII., 1527) :— 

Plaintiffs : Cuthbert, Bishop of London, John Norton, of Norton, 
Wilhain Redmayne and Richard Redmayne, Esq's., Richard Huddle- 
ston and Thomas Redmayne. Deforciants : Thomas Wentworth Kt. 
and Thomas Wentworth, gent., his son and heir apparent. — Manor 
of Massynggyll, and 30 messuages and a water mill, with lands in 
Massynggyll, Burton and Thornton. 

William died on the 20th May, 1536, and according to 
his inquisition p. m. (28 Hen. VIII.) was seized of the 
following estates in Lancashire : — Parva Urswyke Manor, 
Ulverston in Fourness, Claghton, Over Kellet and Gres- 
syngham. He seems to have taken his leave of life in the 
county of Durham, as is evidenced by a transfer of the 
lease of certain vaccaries in Wynsdale, in 1542, to John 
Middleton, Esq., in which it is mentioned that he died at 
Okeland, co. Durham, having previously made his will 
there and appointed as his executors Cuthbert, Bishop of 
Durham, and John Redmayn, S. T. D., who surrender the 



REDMANS OF TWISLETON. igg 

lease granted to William Redmayn, in favour of a new 
one to John Middleton. According to the Lancashire In- 
quisition John Middleton held the lands at Urswick, &c., 
during the minority of William's grandson and heir. 

Of William's sons, the eldest, James, who in i6 Hen. 
VIII. (1524) is styled "James Redman, nuper de Barwick, 
in Com. Lane, gentilman, filius Will. Redmayn," (Lane. 
Assize Roll 6), married his kinswoman, Matilda or Maud, 
daughter of Geoffrey Redman, of Thornton, who later 
became the wife of Thomas Barton, Esquire. James died 
eleven years before his father, leaving a son and heir, 
William, born in 1522, who succeeded his grandfather in 
1536. 

Dr. John Redman. 

A younger son of William and Margaret Tunstall was, 
in all probability. Dr. John Redman, a cleric of note and 
one of the finest scholars of his centurj'. He was born in 
1499, was a boy of fourteen when his uncle Brian fared 
forth to find death and glory at Flodden ; and, a little 
later, by the advice, it is said, of his uncle, Cuthbert Tun- 
stall, then probably doing parson's work at Harrow-on- 
the-Hill, he was sent to Corpus Christi, Oxford. From 
Oxford he went to see what Paris could teach him, and 
celebrated his majority by entering his name at St. John's 
College, Cambridge, where he donned his bachelor's hood 
at the age of twenty-six. He was M.A. in 1530, a Fellow 
in the same year, and a full-blown Doctor of Divinity 
in 1537- 

Thus trained under the eye and backed by the influence 
of his uncle, the bishop, John of Twisleton could scarcely 
fail to make something of a success of his life ; and al- 
though he never reached any higher position in the church 



200 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

than that of Archdeacon, he certainly left his mark on the 
history of his time. He was one of the accommodating 
clergy whose mission it was to discover some pretext 
which might justify Henry VHI. in getting rid of the 
" unattractive Dutch lady," Anne of Cleves, whose mis- 
fortune it was to be his Queen ; and his signature appears 
on the decree declaring the marriage invalid. In 1540 he 
was made Prebendary of Westminster and Wells, and iive 
years later he was Archdeacon of Stafford. 

With Parker, later Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. John 
was appointed a commissioner to survey the property of 
colleges ; and his name figures on many another com- 
mission, including the heresy commission of 1549. He 
was one of the witnesses at Bishop Gardiner's trial, 
Master of King's Hall, Cambridge, the first Master of 
Trinity College, Cambridge, and one of the com- 
pilers of the Book of Common Prayer. Consumption 
carried him off in November, 1551, when he had not long 
completed his half-century of years. Officious protestants 
it is said, " crowded round his death-bed to try and get 
some declaration of his religious opinions." He was 
buried in Westminster Abbey. The precise date of his 
death is entered in a copy of the Roman Breviary (1519) 
in the library of the Dean and Chapter of York, in a list 
of obits of members and friends of the Vavasour family of 
Spaldington. The entry, which is in the handwriting of 
John Vavasour, Esq., who died in 1560, reads thus : — 

Nov. 28, 1551. Obitus J°. Redman, coctoris. 

Like his uncle. Bishop Tunstall, Dr. John Redmayne 
left behind him a few Latin treatises, some of which have 
survived to our day. It was my good fortune, a tew 
months ago, to pick up a small volume printed at Antwerp 



REDMANS OF TWISLETON. 201 

in 1555, fours years after John's death. This volume 
contains two Latin treatises — of which the first bears this 
title :— 

lOHANNIS REDMANI sacrae Theologiae professoris de justi- 
ficatione opus. Huic accessit Hymnus ejusdem argumenti per 

eundem^authorem. 

The tract is prefaced by an introduction by Cuthbert 
Constall {sic), Bishop of Durham, and contains this in- 
teresting personal reference to the author and the work : — 

de justificatione tractatum quem loannes Redmanus sacrae Theo- 
logie professor dum viveret, absolvit, at celeberrimae memoriae 
Henrico octavo Angliae, Franciae et Hiberniae Regi et fidei defen- 
sori, cujus sacellanus erat, obtulit etc. Nam is tractatus integer ad 
manus nostras pervenit, quem indignum putavimus ut in tenebris 
delitesceret et quem ille ipse si vixisset omnibus edere decreverat 
sed non poterat, morte praeventus. 

The tract, which is a short one of about 7,500 words, is 
followed by a hymn containing thirty-eight verses, of 
which it may perhaps be interesting to quote the follow- 
ing examples : — 

lesu salus mortalium, 
Spes, vita, lux et gloria, 
Sermo dei factus caro, 
Servator orbis unice. 

Tu Veritas es et via, 
Tu vita, lux et omnia, 
In te fidelis quisquis est 
Mortis ruinam non timet. 

The second treatise of my little volume is headed : — 

CONTRA IMPIOS Blasphematores Dei praedestinationis opus 
Cuthberti Tonstalli Dunelmensis Episcopi. 

2 D 



202 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

A third probable son of William was Thomas Redman, 
B.D., who was master of Jesus College, Cambridge, and 
chaplain to Dr. Thomas Thirlby, when Bishop of Ely 

(1554-9.- 

And a fourth son was, I think, George, who may, 
however, have been of the Ireby branch. On this point 
Colonel Parker says : — 

George Redmayne, who wed Margaret Whitdngton, was most 
probably a son of William, of Twisleton, and Margaret Tunstall; 
but I only gather this from the fact that William purchased the 
wardship of the Whittington heiress, and one would reasonably 
expect that his object was to marry his sons well. There, is, how- 
ever, one thing that makes me believe that George, of Berwick, may 
have been of Ireby ; and that is that his sons bear Ireby names. 
Now if he was a son of Thomas Redmayne, of Ireby, and Grace 
Layton, of Dalemayn, we have at once an explanation of his own 
name, George, which was a Layton favourite, and also of the name 
of their own son and heir, Thomas. 

He may, indeed, have been son of Thomas, and younger 
brother of William of Ireby. 

George Redman, whom perhaps the balance of evidence 
marks as a son of William of Twisleton, married Margaret 
Whittington, heiress of Borwick, a Lancashire manor, 
which, in 1489, was held by the tenth part of a knight's 
fee by Thomas Whittington (Due. Lane, vol. iii., n. 47), 
and in 1511 had passed to John Whyttyngton of Le Hirst 
Houses juxta Dokker Warton (Ibid. vol. iv., n. 43). It 
is described in 9 Hen. VIII. as Berwyk juxta Warton 
Manor, in the inquisition after the death of Thomas 
Whittington (Ibid. n. 86). George, who died ist May, 
1565, appears to have had two sons, Thomas and Mar- 
maduke, who in 1567 sold the manor of Borwick together 
with other lands in Yorkshire and Westmorland, as 
evidenced by the following proceeding in Chancer}' : — 



REDMANS OF TWISLETON. 203 

Rob Byndelose pit. and Thos. Newton def. — Bill to establish pur- 
chase of the Manor of Barwicke, Co. Lanes, and divers other lands 
in Yorkshire and Westmorland sold to the plaintiff by Thomas and 
Marmaduke Redmayne, deceased. (Chancery Proceedings. Queen 
Eliii^'-'. Rolls series, vol. i., p. S3). 

The new owner of Berwick was probably a son of Sir 
Christopher Bindloss, a cloth-dealer and alderman of 
Kendal, in 1579. 

On Berwick Hall, which probably was the home of 
George and his family for some years, Baines {History of 
Lancashire, p. 606) has this note : — 

Berwick Hall is a spacious decayed house, temp. Charles I., but 
with a much older peel at the east end. The great hall is still en- 
tire. Over the fireplace are the arms of Bindloss, impaUng West, 
and beneath the names, " Byndlos : West," the second wife of Sir 
Francis having been Cecilia, daughter of Thomas West, Lord de la 
Ware. One of the bedrooms was the ancient chapel, and adjoining 
is the priest's closet, beneath which still remains a secret place, into 
which the persecuted ecclesiastics, on pressing part of the floor, 
suddenly descending, eluded for the time all further search. When 
Charles IL was at Berwick Hall, in August, 1651, he was httle 
aware in how few days he was to be indebted for his crown and life 
to a similar coutrivauce. 

After George's death his widow appears to have found 
speedy solace for his loss in a second husband ; for in the 
following year, 1566, we find her the wife of Thomas 
Atkinson. Margaret and her second husband evidently 
got into serious trouble with her son Thomas, for we find 
" Thomas Atkinson and Margaret his wife " plaintiffs and 
Thomas Redman defendant, in an action for false im- 
prisonment in Lancaster gaol for trespass on Bewick 
manor, co. Lanes. In the previous year, 1565, we also 
find Robert Greenbancke claiming as lessee of George 



204 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Redman, who was seized in fee in right of his wife, plain- 
tiff, and Margaret Redmayne, widow, Richard Black- 
house, John Browne, Richard Wilson in right of said 
Margaret Redmayne, defendants, concerning a capital 
messuage, called Bewick Hall, Lanes. 

In fact, after George's death his widow appears to have 
found herself generally in troubled waters, and no doubt 
spent part of her seclusion in Lancaster gaol in brooding 
over the iniquities of sons and the imprudence of second 
marriages. 

The following pedigree will probably help to the under- 
standing of this part of the Twisleton History : — 

Margaret Whittington = George Redman =Thos. Atkinson 
heiress of Berwick. I died ist May, 1565. 1566. 

Livery 24 Henry VIII., 
vix. 1566. 



Thomas and Marmaduke both died before 1587, and 
evidently without offspring, for in that year we find 
Thomas Newton claiming as " cousin and heir of Thomas 
and Marmaduke Redman, now deceased." 

Having thus considered the four probable sons of 
William Redman and Margaret Tunstall — the absolute 
identity of only one of whom, James, is established — we 
may return to William's successor in the headship of the 
Twisleton branch, his grandson William, eldest son of 
James. When the older William died in 1536, his grand- 
son and successor was barely fourteen years old, and a 
suitable guardian was found for him in his great-uncle, 
Cuthbert Tunstall, brother of his grandmother, Margaret 
Tunstall. On 7th May, 1539, Cuthbert, Bishop of Dur- 
ham, receives a grant of an annuity of twenty marks 



REDMANS OF TWISLETON. 205 

issuing from the manor of Twisleton and the messuages, 
lands, etc., in Bentham, Burton, Westhus, Thornton, 
Urswicke, Kellote, Gressingham, in Yorkshire and Lan- 
cashire, which belonged to William Redmayne, deceased, 
during the minority of William Redmayne, kinsman and 
heir of the said William, with the wardship and marriage 
of the said heir. (Letters and Papers, F. & D., Hen. 
VIIL, vol. xiv.) 

On 26th May, 36 Henry VHL (1544), William Red- 
mayne, gentleman, cousin and heir of William Redmayne, 
Esquire, deceased, namely the grandson and heir of the said 
William, deceased, has special licence of entry without 
proof of age and without livery upon all the lands of his 
inheritance. (General and Special Liveries). 

William, the new Lord of Twisleton, married Margaret, 
daughter of John Vavasour, Esq., of Hazlewood, Yorks, 
by Anne, daughter of Henry, seventh Lord Scrope, of 
Bolton. Through her mother Margaret was descended 
from the Fitz Hughs, Percies and Nevills, and could if 
she were so disposed, have boasted a liberal strain of 
Plantagenet blood. 

William and Margaret Redmayne had a daughter 
Frances who became the wife of Leonard Babthorpe, 
Esquire ; and within three generations all the goodly 
lands of the Twisleton inheritance seem to have passed 
from Redman hands. The manor of Redman and Red- 
man I or Redmayne) Hall in Urswick were sold by William 
in 1565 to Richard Wycliffe, citizen and goldsmith of 
London (Close Roll— 677) ; and the remaining estates 
were sold by himself and his immediate descendants, as is 
evidenced by numerous fines during the latter part of the 
sixteenth century. 



206 



OFF-SHOOTS FROM THE THORNTON 
COLONY. 



CHAPTER XIX. 



KiRKBY Lonsdale and Ireland. 

IN the early years of the seventeenth century a family 
of Redmans, whose story presents some features of 
interest, was settled at Kirkby Lonsdale, a few miles 
distant from the colony of Thornton-in-Lonsdale, of which 
it was probably an off-shoot. This was the household of 
" Dominus Jacobus" Redman, who seems to have been 
vicar of Kirkby Lonsdale, and later, of Halton. The 
Reverend James married Agnes Otway, of Middleton, 
bore at least seven children to her husband, and after his 
death spent the closing years of her life among her own 
people at Middleton, where she died in 1628. 

By her will (3rd September, 1628) in which she is de- 
scribed as "Agnes, widow of James Redman, late parson 
of Halton," she leaves to her daughters, Isabel and Sarah, 
portions equal to those which their sisters enjoyed. She 
bequeaths small legacies to her daughter Rebecca's chil- 
dren, Bryan and James Mansergh ; to her sister, " John 
Otway's wife," and her two daughters ; to her " Aunt 
Bower" ; to Dorothy Staveley ; and to Mr. Leake, for the 
care of her children. Her daughter, Margaret, is to have 
her household goods at a reasonable rate ; and the 



OFF-SHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 207 

residue of her property she divides among her seven 
children. 

One of the youngest of these seven surviving children 
was Daniel, who was born on November 30th, 1617, and 
thus at the time of his mother's death would be a boy of 
nearly eleven. He was destined to play a prominent part 
in the Civil War which broke out a quarter of a century 
later, and to become the ancestor of some of the Irish 
nobles of to-day. 

When Daniel in his turn sought a wife he found her 
among his mother's people in Abigail, daughter of Roger 
Otway, of Middleton, who was probably his first cousin ; 
and by this marriage he became brother-in-law of Sir 
John Otway, who was three years his junior, and who, 
at the time of the marriage was probably studying law at 
one of the Inns of Court in London. In later life Otway 
played a conspicuous part as a supporter of his king in 
the Civil War, was appointed vice-chancellor of the 
Duchy of Lancaster and chancellor of the county palatine 
of Durham, and died at the good age of 73. 

When the Civil War began, Daniel, who had probably 
been trained as a soldier, threw in his lot with the 
Parliamentarians, served in Ireland under Henry Crom- 
well, younger son of the Protector, and rose to the rank 
of colonel. His brother-in-law, Otway, was just as zealous 
in the cause of the Royalists ; and thus, as in so many 
other cases, including that of Sir John Redmayne and his 
son-in-law, Colonel Forbes, we find two members of a 
family espousing opposite causes and bearing arms against 
each other. 

This unnatural state of things was naturally not 
pleasing to Otway, and, setting to work to convince his 
brother-in law of his iniquity, he succeeded so well that 



2o8 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

he actually converted him into one of Charles's most 
staunch champions. The records give us at least one 
interesting glimpse of Colonel Daniel in his martial 
character : — 

" When General Lambert was endeavouring to oppose Monk's 
march from Scotland, Redman hastened up to Yorkshire from 
London, and as soon as the soldiers who had served under him in 
Ireland caught sight of their old commander, they vowed they would 
be led by no other officer; and accordingly 1500 horsemen followed 
him without more ado, leaving Lambert in the lurch, and clearing 
the road for the passage of General Monk." (Sedbergh, &c., by W. 
Thompson, M.A.). 

For his military services Redman was rewarded by a 
grant of large estates in Ireland ; and to the church of 
Kirkby Lonsdale, the place of his birth, he gave part of 
an estate which he had received for his exertions in 
capturing a castle at Ballinabole, near Kilkenny. These 
acres at one time yielded a rental of about £^0 a year ; 
but for the last twenty years, I understand, they have con- 
tributed nothing to the Kirkby Lonsdale living. It may 
be mentioned that among the Lansdowne MSS. are 
certain letters written by James Redman (probably 
Daniel's father) to Henry Cromwell, chief governor of 
Ireland, under whom his son was serving. 

"When Colonel Redman had no more use for his sword 
he seems to have settled down peacefully on his Kilkenny 
estates. He had two daughters, EUinor and Elizabeth, 
the former of whom became the wife of Viscount Ikerrin, 
ancestor of the Earls of Carrick, Clancarty and others 
of our present-day nobles. 

The following are summaries of the wills of Daniel 
and his wife, Elizabeth, who seems to have survived him 
a few years : — 



OFF-SHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 209 

By his will, dated i4tli December, 1674, " Daniell Redman, esquire, 
of Ballilinck, in the county of Kilkenny, appoints his wife, Abigail 
Redman, sole executrix." He refers to his well-beloved sister, 
Ellinor Jeonar, directs the residue of his personalty after the death 
of his wife, to be divided between his two daughters, ElHnor and 
Elizabeth. 

He gives to Ellinor Jeonar the castle, town and lands of Inishmay, 
barony of Killclogher, for her life; and after her death to his 
daughters or one of them according to his wife's discretion. He 
appoints as overseers of his will Richard Stephens, and Nathaniel 
Dunbavant, esquires, of the city of Dublin, counsellors-at-law. 
Signed and sealed with the Redman coat-of-arms. 



The will of Abigail Redman, widow of Colonel Daniel Redman, is 
dated 7th May, 16S0. 

She appoints as executrixes her daughters, Ellinor and Elizabeth, 
and gives land at Glanmagorn to be equally divided between them. 
To her sister, Ellinor Jeonar, the lease of her house in Kilkenny for 
life, remainder to testatrix's daughter, the Viscountess Ikerrin, and 
her daughter, Elizabeth. 

To her grandchild, Pierce Butler, the lease of Loughmarash ; to 
her daughter, Elizabeth, her coach and pair of horses and her little 
riding-horse. To her kinswoman, Sara Hebblethwaite, six milch 
cows and other stock. She directs that her funeral shall be private 
and by torchlight, and appoints her sister, Ellinor Jeonar, and her 
kinsman. Captain Thomas Mayers, to be overseers of her will. 

Colonel Daniel was not however the first member of 
his family to own large estates in Ireland. Just twenty 
years before he was cradled at Kirkby Lonsdale, Marma- 
duke Redmayne, esquire, of Thornton -in- Lonsdale, 
received the substantial grant of 8,000 of the forfeited 
acres of Munster, in company with Thomas Fleetwood, 
esquire, whose slice of the disaffected province ran to 
12,000 acres. The following is part of the original 
grant :— 



210 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

39th year of Elizabeth. 
Grant to Thomas Fleetewood, esq., son and heir of John Fleete 
wood, of Caldwich, Staffordshire, esq., and Marmadiike Redmayne 
of Thorneton, Yorkshire, esq., of the lands of Cloghlych, containing 
by estimation one ploughland, Glanmore alias Glancure, and 
Ballenekarigry li pi., Kyllordy, 2 pi. Kariginutan and Muckrony, 
^ pi., Ballenhowe, alias Ballenderawyn i pi., etc., etc., etc., amount 
ing in all by estimation to 12,667 English acres, as parcels of two 
seignories, one of 12.000 acres allotted to Fleetewood, and one 
8,000 acres allotted to Redmayne. To hold by the name of Colonye 
Fleetewood for ever, in fee farm, by fealty, in common socage, 
Rent £71 2S. 6hd., English, from T594 (half for three years pre 
ceeding). If the lands are found to contain more than the estimated 
number of acres, grantee shall pay ifd. for each additional English 
acre. Grantees to erect houses for 95 families, of which one to be 
for themselves, 8 for freeholders, 6 for farmers, and 42 for copy- 
holders. Other conditions usual in grants for planting the under- 
takers in Munster. 

I have been unable to identify the Mannaduke of this 
grant with certainty, as there were two Marmadukes of 
position living at the same time in the district of Thorn- 
ton — one, the son of Richard Redmayne and Elizabeth 
Cholmeley, who survived to 1607 ; and the other, Marma- 
duke, third son of William Redman, of Ireby, by Isabel 
Tunstall. A third Marmaduke of the district, who, how- 
ever, appears to have been dead a dozen years before the 
date of the grant, was the younger son of George Redman 
(? of Twisleton) by Margaret Whittington, heiress of 
Borwick. 

For some reason or other Marmaduke never took 
possession of his Munster acres, probably owing to the 
extremely disturbed condition of the province, which in 
the following year was invaded and ravaged by Tyrone. 
It was not, indeed, until Sir George Carew became 
president of Munster in 1600 that it could be considered 



OFF-SHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 211 
at all a possible place to settle in. Marmaduke's 8,000 
acres were rei^ranted to others, temp James I. 

FULFORD. 

It was from Thornton-in-Lonsdale that the Redmans 
of Fulford, near York, derived their origin, the following 
account of which appears among the Parker manuscripts, 
at Browsholme, written by Robert Parker, Esq., of 
Marley, as long ago as 1666 :— 

" Redman of ftulforth bears for his coate armour, gules, three 
quishoiis ermine, buttons and taschelles, or. 

EnwARD Redmane, of Gressingham, in the county of Lancaster 
discarded out of the family of Thorneton, being a second son' 
married to Alice, daughter of Mr. Thomas Southworth, (He married 
Cicile, younger daughter and co-heir to Richard Southworth of 
Gressingham) by her had issue John, who purchased lands 'att 
ffulforth, near the city of York. (He married Isabel, daughter of 

''"* ^^"^ "° i^sue. Inq. p. m. 2 June 1575, will dated 

1574- Dec. 13 ; died 31 Dec. 1574). Richard Readman, brother and 
heir, aged 5o years and more ; but died without issue, having given 
the said lands unto John, son and heir of Richard, his younger 
brother. 

" Richard Redmane, second son of Edward, maried Margaret 
daughter of Mr. Christopher Mayler, by her had issue John Red- 
mane, of ffulforth; Margaret, married to Mr. John Parkinson- 
Isabell, to Mr. William Robinson, alderman of the city of York' 
Agnes, to Mr. John Metcalf ; and Ellen to Mr. John Tompkin." 

According to the following fragmentary pedigree, 
Edward Redman, of Gressingham, founder of the family 
of Fulford, was second son of Richard of Thornton,— 
probably a great-grandson of the original Thomas, and 
younger brother of Richard, who died v. p. ante '1498 
(see Thornton pedigree) : — 



212 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

EDW. KEDMAN = f SODTHWORTH, 

de Gressington, co. Lane. I of Gressington. 
f. 2 Ric. de Thornton. 



1 

Ric. de Gress. 


= f. Xpr. Man 


sters 
. de 


fulford = Dorothy .. 
Newark ar. 


,J..p, 


2nd f 

Dawney. 


■■■■y John'? 
Ldcia. 




Matthew 


1 

JOHN 




1 


1 
Margaret 



The knightly family of Southwnrth from which Edward 
took his wife was of considerable antiquity and standing 
in Lancashire. A Gilbert de Southworth appears as 
witness to a deed in Edward I.'s time. A later Gilbert 
was sheriff of Lancashire in 1320-1 ; and a third Gilbert 
probably fought at Agincourt. There was at least one 
other alliance between the families of Redman and South- 
worth, that of Brian (vix. 1492), son of Thomas, of Ireby, 
with Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of Richard 
Southworth, of Gressingham, esquire, and sister of Cecily, 
wife of Edward, of Gressingham. 

The following is the inquisition p. m. on Rich.4rd, son 
of Edward, of Thornton, and father of John : — 

INQUISITION taken at the Castle of York, 29 July. 21 Eliz., 
1579 p.m. Richard Redman, who died seized of ^ of Manor of Ship- 
ton, late parcel of the possessions of St. Mary at York, i of 9 
messuages, 6 cottages and lands in Shipton ; ^ of 4 messuages, 
lands, &c., in Gatesalfurth, ^ of a messuage in Waterfulforth, called 
Rosehall, with lands belonging late of the Earl of Rutland deceased, 
i of 20 acres of meadow in Myton Inges, ^ of a messuage with lands 
in Skipwith, ^ of 4 messuages, &c., in Bennyngburge, i of a rent of 
40' in Northdalton, | of a mill in Gatesfulfnrth, a capital messuage 
called Upperhall in Grassingham, Co. Lanes, with lands belonging; 
and the capital messuage in Grassingham, called Netherhall, with 
lands belonging &c. &c. 



OFF-SHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 213 

And the said Richard Redmayne died la"' June last past, and 
John Redmayne is his son and next heir, and was of full age at his 
father's death. (File 266. No. 98). 



Richard, who, six years before his death, was e.xecutor 
of the will of his namesake at Thornton, appears to have 
married a daughter of Christopher Mansergh and to have 
had, in addition to his heir, John, four daughters : — Mar- 
garet, who married a Parkinson (variously called Laurence 
and John), of Lancashire; Isabel, who married William 
Robinson, alderman of York; Ellinor, wife of John 
Tompson or Tompkins ; and Agnes, wife of John Metcalfe, 
probably of the ancient family of Nappa. (About the same 
time it is interesting to note that another member of this 
family, Leonard Metcalfe, of Beare Park, Esq., who took 
part in the Rising of the North in 1569, married a daugh- 
ter of James Redman of Twisleton). 

William Robinson, who married Isabel Redman, was 
Lord Mayor of York in 15S1 and 1594, and twice M.P. for 
that city. From this union sprang four generations of 
English statesmen : — Thomas Robinson, first Lord Gran- 
tham, who was Ambassador and Secretary of State (died 
1770) ; Thomas, second Lord Grantham, Foreign Secre- 
tary (died 1786) ; Frederick, Viscount Goderich and Earl 
of Ripon, who was Colonial Secretary and Premier (died 
1859) ; and the present Marquis of Ripon, who has filled 
several of the highest offices of state. 

John Redman, Richard's successor, was succeeded by 
his son Matthew, who was born in 1578 ; married in 
1600, Margaret, daughter and heiress of William Gros- 
venor, of York (Paver's Marriage Licences) ; and was 
knighted by James I., at Windsor, on the gth July, 1603 
(Cotton MS. Claudius c iii.) 



214 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

The further history of this family of Fulford scarcely 
calls for special mention. The accompanying pedigree 
gives its descent down to the latter part of the seven- 
teenth century. It may, however, be well to note the 
following marriages : — 

1626. Jo. Redman, Esq., of Water Fulford, and Jane 
Claphamson, daughter of Robert Claphamson, notary 
public of St. Martin, Coney Street, York — at Fulford or 
St. Martin : 

1626. William Waller, of Middlethorpe, and Elizabeth 
Redman, of Fulford — at Fulford : and in 

1627. George Baguley, " clerk," and Mary Redman, of 
Fulford — at St. Denis, York. (Paver's Marriage Licences). 

It is not improbable that the two Redmans, who were 
Lord Mayors of York in the i8th century-, were cadets of 
Fulford. 

William, the senior of them, married Mary Sotheby, 
by whom he had 

(i) Watkinson Redmayn, who was in America in 1724. 

(2) Alice, who married Richard Atkinson. (Familiae 
Minorum Gentium). 

In his will (1728-9), in which he is described as ''late 
Alderman and Lord Mayor of York," the following names 
occur : — son and daughter, Richard Atkinson and Alice, 
his wife ; Christian Stables ; grandsons, Redman Stables 
and John Redman ; and sister, Beatrix Leadall. (Vol. 80. 
Index to York wills). 

The will of Charles, the second of the Redman Lord 
Mayors of York, is dated 1731-2 (Vol. 82, Index to York 
wills). His sister, Jane, married Samuel Staniforth, of 
Attercliffe (Fam. Min. Gent.) 



Hcbman of Jfulforb. 



Arms. — Quarterly, i and 4. Gules, a chevron, arg. between 3 cushions ermine, 
tasseled or, a crescent charged with a crescent for difference — Redman. 
2 and 3 sable, a chevron between 3 cross crosslets, arg. a crescent for 
difference — Southworth. 



Edward Redman= 
of Gressingham, co. Lanes., 
second son to Redman of 
Thornton. 



Richard Redman= dau. to Christopher 

of Gressingham [ Mansere of Mansere. 
I (Mansergh ?) 



John R. ob. s.p. 
gave all his lands 
to John his nephew 
Inquisition 1574. 
Will 1573. 



John Redman = Dorothy =Frances 
Esq., of Fulford, 

1584. Peter 

Newark, 
Esq. 



b years 01a, 
1584, knight- 
sdbyK.Jas. 



I 
John 

dau. and heir Christian 
of Wm. Margaret 

Grosvenor, 
of York. 



JOHN = jANE 
son and heir, I dau. of Robert 
ob. 1642. Claphamson, 

of York. 



JANE mar. 
John Robinson 
of Middlesbro', 
CO. York. 



Robert Redman 
son and heir, now 
living, 1647- 



I I I 

Margaret Isabel Elinor 

m. Laurence m. Wm. m. John 

Parkinson, Robinson, Tompson. 
Lancaster. Alderman 
of York. 



John R. = Martha 
' ~ ■" ' dau. of Robt. 
Rouse, of 
Bathome, 



Jane 3. Francis 

Elizabeth 4. Margaret 
5. Joanne 



(Visitation of Yorks, Glover, Somerset Herald, 1584-5, etc). 



2i6 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

London. 

Among the more enterprising younger sons of the Red- 
man family who adventured to London in search of 
fortune, several, no doubt, hailed from this district of 
Thornton-in-Lonsdale. 

The visitation of London in 1568 (G. 10, 76 F i, 202, 
College of Arms) discloses one of them in the William 
Redman, Citizen, of the following pedigree : — 



Richard William 



Condar, 
Kirkby 
Lonsdale 



WILLIAN 

Cit. of London, o 
living in 1568. 



James, of Thornton, who heads this pedigree, was prob- 
ably born circa 1480, and may have been a great grandson 
of Thomas, the earliest ascertained member of this colony. 
Another London Redman, probably also a Thornton 
descendant, appears in the will of Richard, of Thornton 
(1573), who directs payment of his debt to William Red- 
man, of London " Stone." 

A generation earlier, in 1540, John Redman, who was 
probably a son of William, of Twisleton, and Margaret 
Tunstall, and a nephew of Dr. Tunstall, Bishop of Lon- 
don, was appointed Prebendary of Westminster ; and 
eleven years later his body was laid to rest in the Abbey 
there. In the Letters and Papers, Hen. VIII., vol. xviii., 



OFF-SHOOTS FROM THORNTON COLONY. 217 

pt. I, among certain property in the Strand granted to one 
William Lambert, mention is made of "another (tenement) 
there between Wm. Cholmley's tenement in the East and 
the gate of the Middle Temple, and tenement within it of 
Alice, widow of Ric. Redmayn, on the West." (18 Mar., 
34 Hen. VIII.) The identity of this Richard, husband of 
Alice, I am unable to discover. 

There is, no doubt, an interesting field in London for 
students of the history of this family to explore ; for it is 
practically certain that for at least three and a half cen- 
turies there has been an unbroken succession of Redmans 
almost within sound of Bow Bells. One of them lies 
buried in the church3'ard of Stepney, under an altar-tomb, 
of which Mr. J. T. Page in his "Stepney Churchyard: Its 
Monuments and Inscriptions," gives the following descrip- 
tion : — 

An altar-tomb much suak in the ground, and the upper slab 
broken. Keniains of inscriptions on slab, surrounded by crest and 
coat-of-arms, but very little of it can now be described correctly. 

Crest. A dexter hand, couped at the wrist, 
apaum^e 

Arms. Three cushions, impaling a chief 
ermine 

Inscription 
In memory of John Redman 

July 176 . . 

Aged 75 
(The rest quite defaced). 

This John Redman of Stepney, Mr. Page tells me, was 
quite an important man in his day and within his parish. 
His name is still perpetuated in the district by the well- 

2 F 



2i8 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

known street called Redman's Road. John's crest brands 
him as of Thornton origin ; and we shall not probably go 
far wrong in identifying him as a descendant of the 
William of the above pedigree, who was a citizen of Lon- 
don town in the sixteenth century. 

If I may be pardoned a single personal allusion, the 
only one I shall presume to make in this book, I should 
like to be allowed to place on record that my dear mother, 
born Ellen Redmayne, whose memory has largely inspired 
such work as I have been able to do on Redman history, 
spent the closing years of her life in my home in a London 
suburb, and lies buried in the churchyard of Heston. Of 
her, as of Margaret Redmayne, of Thornton, it may truly 
be said : — " She was a woman of generous disposition, 
courteous to all and kind to the poor." 





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219 



THE TUNSTALLS OF THURLAND CASTLE. 



CHAPTER XX. 



Arms — Sable, three combs, Argent. 

THE alliances between the families of Redman and 
Tunstall were so many and extended over so long a 
period that no history of either family can be considered 
at all complete without a special and detailed reference to 
the other; and for this reason I can plead justification for 
a brief sketch of the family of Thurland Castle, which 
for nearly three and a half centuries flourished on the 
border of Lancashire, within a short distance of their Red- 
man neighbours in the district of Thornton-in-Lonsdale. 

There were Tunstalls of note in north Lancashire, in 
the days of the second Edward. Henry de Tunstall had 
possessions in Lancaster in 1324 ; and his son, Sir Wil- 
liam, in 1373 obtained a grant of free warren in Tunstal, 
Cancefield, Burgh in Lonsdale, Leeke and Norton. (Rot. 
chart. 47 Ed. HL, n. 141. It was William's son. Sir 
Thomas, who appears to have built the castle of Thur- 
land, in the valley of the Lune, which early in the fifteenth 
centurj- he obtained a licence to embattle. Sir Thomas 
was a right gallant knight, who with his six men-at-arms 
and eighteen horse at his back gave a good account of 
himself on the field of Agincourt. He married Isabel, 
daughter of Sir Nicholas Harrington, a knightly neighbour 



la 2 S 
."o m 



h'o 






Si 



-•|^5i 






SQ, 






!a6 



55 









§?2 = 

tJ S "o < 



■9-ii 



TUN STALLS OF TH URL AND CASTLE. 221 

of ancient family, and by her was father of at least eight 
children, all of whom made excellent alliances and 
flourished exceedingly. 

One daughter, Johanna, was won (circa 1416) by young 
Sir Matthew Redman, of Harewood, and transmitted her 
virtues down a long line of descendants ; while her brothers 
and sisters married into the families of Parr, Bellingham, 
Radcliffe, Pennington and Fitz-hugh. Her eldest brother, 
Thomas, the head of his house, found a wife in Eleanor, 
daughter of Henry, third Lord Fitz Hugh, who, through 
her mother, brought a strain of Marmion blood into Tun- 
stall veins. The eldest son of this marriage. Sir Richard, 
proved worthy of his Marmion and Tunstall ancestry. It 
was he who so bravely held the castle of Harlech — Henry 
VI.'s last stronghold — the defence of which is one of the 
most inspiring stories in the history of warfare. But 
Richard's loyalty and valour cost him dearly ; for when 
Edward IV. came to the throne his name figured largely 
among the one hundred and fifty-three Lancastrians who 
were attainted by Parliament. His large estates were for- 
feited and conferred on Sir James Harrington, who held 
them for a dozen years until, in 1473, Richard came to his 
own again. He was Chamberlain to the King he risked 
so much to serve, was Ambassador to France, and filled 
other high offices with distinction. 

Sir Richard had a son, William, who died s.p. and was 
succeeded by his uncle, Thomas, also a knight, who was 
constable of Conway Castle, and sheriff of Carnarvon, 
and who had for wife, Alice, daughter of George Nevill, 
Archbishop of York, Edward III.'s great-great-grandson. 
Thus through " time-honoured Lancaster," did a strain of 
Plantagenet blood mingle with that of Tunstall and of 
their Redman descendants. 



222 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

The next generation of Tunstalls produced two men of 
great repute in their day and of no little honour in our 
own — one, a brave knight, Sir Brian Tunstall, "The 
Undeiiled," was one of the most splendid of all the figures 
that adorned the age of chivalry ; and the other, a great 
churchman. Dr. Cuthbert Tunstall, was twice a 
bishop, and friend of Henry VIII. 

Sir Brian Tunstall. 

The crown of Sir Brian's too brief life was the glorious 
episode of Flodden, which was also its close. Scott has 
given his prowess in that battle the immortality it deserves, 
and one cannot read his tribute without a thrill of pride 
that England has produced such men, and that from one 
of the purest and bravest knights who ever carried a lance 
have sprung many members of the Redman family. Sir 
Brian, with Sir Edward Howard, led the van of the Eng- 
lish army which sustained the charge of the Scots' 
advanced column of 10,000 men under Lord Hume. So 
terrible seemed the impending shock that the English 
wavered and would probably have broken, had not Tun- 
stall rallied them with brave words and flung himself 
against the onrushing Scots. 

Who, that has read them, does not recall the lines in 
which Lord Surrey describes to Marmion the disposition 
of the English forces : — 

The good Lord Marmion, by my life 

Welcome to danger's hour ! 
Short greeting serves in time of strife — 

Thus have I ranged my power : 
Myself will rule this central host, 

Stout Stanley fronts their right, 
My sons command the vaward post, 

With Brian Tunstall, stainless knight. 



TUNSTALLS OF THURLAND CASTLE. 223 

And again, as Blount and Fitz Eustace " with Lady 
Clare upon the hill," watched the •' battle raging on the 
plain." — 

Amid the tumult, high 
They saw Lord Marmion's falcon fly; 
And stainless Tunstall's banner white, 
And Edmund Howard's lion bright, 
Still bear them bravely in the fight. 

until, when disaster had overtaken the English army, 
Marmion with his dying breath, bids his squire, 

Fitz Eustace, to Lord Surrey hie ; 
Tunstall lies dead upon the field. 
His lifeblood stains the spotless shield. 
Edmund is down, — -my life is reft, — 
The Admiral alone is left. 

Never was braver heart stilled on any battlefield than that 
of the young Lancashire knight ; and it was a fitting 
tribute to his valour and spotless fame that his body 
should have a military escort all the way from Flodden 
Field to its last resting-place in Tunstall. There is still 
to be seen in Tunstall church a stone figure which tradition 
says is that of Sir Brian ; but, according to Mr. W. O. 
Roper, F.S.A., it is more probably that of Brian's great- 
grandfather. Sir Thomas, who built the castle of Thur- 
land. 

Sir Brian had married Isabel, daughter of Sir Henry 
Boynton, of Acklam and Barmston, by his wife Margaret, 
daughter and co-heiress of Sir Martiri de la See, and was 
succeeded by his son. Sir Marmaduke, of whom later. In 
his will, which was made on the i6th August, 1513, 
shortly before his fatal journey to Flodden, he leaves a 



224 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

small legacy to his brother-in-law, William Redman, of 
Twisleton, whom he appoints one of his executors : — 

Item to my Brother Redmayne for my syster marryage XXI IP. .. 
also that my wyff be myne executrix, my broder Wm. Tunstall, 
Wm. Redmayne and Edm. P'Kynsone be myne exors. 

Dr. Cuthbert Tunstall, 

Bishop of Durham and London, 

was brother of Sir Brian and son of Sir Thomas Tunstall 
and Alice Nevill. At the time of his brother's death at 
Flodden, Cuthbert was thirty-nine and well on the way 
to the high dignities he won later. He was educated at 
Oxford, Cambridge, and Padua, and became in turn 
rector of Stanhope, archdeacon of Chester, rector of 
Harrow, Master of the Rolls, dean of Salisbury (1519), 
Bishop ot London (1522) and of Durham (1530). He was 
sent on several important diplomatic missions — in com- 
pany with Sir Thomas More, to Charles V. at Brussels, 
where his long and close friendship with Erasmus began ; 
to France and Germany ; and he accompanied Wolsey, 
with whom he was on terms of great intimacy, on his 
splendid embassy to France. He also acted as guide and 
companion to Henry VHL on one of his royal progresses 
through England. 

Under Edward VL, chiefly through the influence of 
Northumberland, he was deprived of his rich see of Dur- 
ham and was sent to the Tower, where he remained in 
durance until Mary came to her throne and restored him 
to his liberty and dignities. It is remembered to his last- 
ing honour that during the whole of Mary's reign not a 
single victim died for heresy throughout his diocese. On 
Elizabeth's accession he was again deprived, and died six 



TUNSTALLS OF THURLAND CASTLE. 225 

weeks later in Archbishop Parker's house at Lambeth 
(1559). It should, perhaps, be stated here that there has 
always been great difference of opinion as to Cuthbert's 
legitimacy. Surtees thought he was legitimate ; but the 
National Dictionary of Biography gives him the bar 
sinister. 

Margaret Tunstall, sister of Brian and Cuthbert, be- 
came the wife of William Redmayne, of Twisleton ; and 
her son, John, probably owed much of his advancement 
in life to his uncle's influence and counsel. 

Sir Brian's son and successor in the family estates. 
Sir Marmaduke, married Alice, daughter and co-heiress 
of Sir Robert Scargill, of Scargill and Thorpe Stapleton. 
He took a prominent part in the suppression of the 
monasteries ; and his name appears on the deed of 
surrender of Fuiness Abbey. He narrowly escaped the 
the fury of the Pilgrimage of Grace rebels, who surrounded 
Thurland Castle and would have burned it, had not 
"some more sobre than the residew refreyned them." 

Sir Marmaduke had a son, Francis, who succeeded 
him, and who had for his first wife Elizabeth, daughter of 
Sir William Radcliffe, a Lancashire kuight, and for his 
second, Ann, daughter of Richard Bold, of Bold, and 
three daughters — 

(i) Isabel, who married William Redman, of Ireby. 

(2) Elizabeth, wife of Sir John Dawnay, of Sessay, co. 

York, from whom the Viscounts Uowne derive 
descent, and 

(3) Ann, who married George Middleton, Esq., of 

Leighton, co. Lane. (St. George's visitation). 
As we have already seen (p. 192) Lady Tunstall, by 
her will, left small legacies to all her Redman grand- 
children, " gotten of the body of my daughter, Isabell." 



225 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

With later generations of the Tunstalls we have less 
concern. There was, however, one other alliance with 
the Redman family of which mention should be made — 
that of Giles Redmayne, of Ingleton, with Agnes Grace, 
daughter of Thomas Tunstall, of Thornton, from which 
.union the Redmaynes of Newcastle are descended. 

Thurland Castle, 

Which was the home of so many generations of Tunst ills 
and to which at least three Redmans went to woo their 
wives, stands in its extensive park, near the banks of the 
Lnne, about a dozen miles from Lancaster, and but a 
short walk from the borders of Yorkshire. When it was 
bein;,' built Levens was probably a century old, and Sir 
Richard Redman was already established at Harewcj od 
Castle ; but in its five centuries of existence it has sur- 
vived many strange experiences. 

During the Civil War, when it had passed out of Tim- 
stall hands, it sustained two sieges by the Roundheads — 
first under Colonel Ashton, and again under Colonel 
Rigby. 

From Manchester, in Lancashire, they wrote that Colonel Ashton 
hath taken two castles in the north part of that county, the name of 
one being Hornby Castle and the other Thurland Castle, where he 
hath taken Sir John Girlington, a strong malevolent in those parts, 
and also much money and plate, with many disaffected ladies and 
gentlewomen who were fled for shelter into those castles." (Certaine 
Inf )rmation. No. 23, p. 181, 1643, Wednesday, June 21). 

A month after its surrender Sir John Girlington was 
back in the castle, and once more the Parliamentary 
troops, — this time under Colonel Alexander Rigby, pre- 
sented themselves before its walls. The second siege 



TUNSTALLS OF THURLAND CASTLE. 227 
lasted seven weeks, at the end of which time the castle 
was delivered to Rigby to be demolished; while its 
defenders were allowed to " passe away with their lives 
and goods." A great part of it was destroyed by fire; 
but fortunately the principal towers were allowed to 
remain untouched. 

More than two centuries after Cromwell's men had 
worked their will on the castle it was nearly destroyed 
by fire. The centre tower, containing the entrance 
hall, was gutted, and a large part of the eastern portion 
was destroyed. 

Of the castle Mr. Roper (Local Gleanings) says :— 

It is surr.unded by a moat of about six or eight feet, supplied by 
the river Cant. The sole entrance is on the west side by means of 
a narrow bridge, immediately across which are the remains of the 
old Gatehouse, and a little behind them the ruins of an ancient 
tower. The present castle forms two sides of an oblong, the eastern 
and a portion of the south side belonging to the ancient building. 
The western wing has never been completed. The whole castle 
was restored early in the present century, and it is now somewhat 
difficult to distiguish the modern additions from the ancient work. 
The walls of the older part are in very many places more than six 
feet in thickness. 

The Tunstall tenure of Thurland Castle, which lasted 
nearly two and a half centuries, ceased in 1637, when the 
castle passed into the hands of the Girlington family, 
who again alienated it towards the close of the same 
century to the Welsh family of Leek. 



228 



UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS. 



CHAPTER XXI. 



IN exploring family records which cover so many 
centuries it is inevitable that one should encounter 
many names to which a definite place on the family tree 
cannot be assigned, or which, even if their identity is 
recognised, do not come into the direct current of the 
family story. These names, however, are too interesting 
in many cases to pass by in silence, and I therefore pro- 
pose to review the more prominent of them in this chapter. 
They are given in alphabetical and not in chronological 
order. 

In 1331 Adam de Redman acknowledges that he owes 
to Robert de Sandford five marks to be levied in default 
on his chattels and lands in Co. Westmorland (Close 
Rolls, Ed. III.) ; and in 13 Ed. III. I also find an Adam 
de Redeman, holding lands in Raventhwaite, Co. West- 
morland. He was probably Adam, of Yealand, a younger 
son of Sir Matthew (II.), of Levens, who survived to 1351. 

Alan Redemane, of Whaplode, is mentioned in the 
Patent Rolls, 1385-9. In the list of Mayors of Kendal 
the name of Christopher Redman appears several 
times, — as Mayor in 1679-80; 1695-6; and in 1749-50, 
1760-1 and 1761-2 (i<iicho\sons Annals of Kendal). There 
was also a Christopher Redman, whose daughter and 
heiress Lydia became the wife of James Flavel, of Norman- 



UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS. 229 

ton (d. 1714). The Redman Flavel, of Normanton, who 
married Ann, daughter of Richard Wordsworth (d. 1700) 
was probably a son of James and Lydia. Ann was great 
aunt to William Wordsworth, the poet. (Speight's 
Kirkby Overblow, p. 128). In 11 Richard II. ^1317-8) there 
was a grant by William Robinson del Chaumbre de 
Hencastre to Edward de Redmane, of lands at Hincaster 
(Hist. MSS. Comm. Rep. 10, pt. 4, Levens Hall Papers) ; 
and in 1543 Edward Redmayne, LL.B., has a grant of 
5th canonry in St. Stephen's Chapel, beside Westminster 
Palace, having been presented by Thomas Deye, draper, 
and John Deye, pewterer, of London, by virtue of an 
advowson granted them by William, Bishop of Norwich. 
Geoffrey Redman appears in 1335—" Rex cepit fideh- 
tatem Galfridi, fil. Will Redeman, consanguinei Willi 
Berchand, &c. (Abb. Rot. Orig, vol. ii., p. 96.) 

On 20th January, 1456-7, a mandate issued to " Mr. 
Giles Redman, bachelor of decrees," rector of Bentham, 
to induct Dom. Oliver Bland to the rectory of Claughton. 
And Giles Redman figures among the Mayors of Kendal, 
alternately with Christopher (above), in 1649-50, 1690-1, 
and 1725-6 (Nicholson's Annals of Kendal). In the State 
Papers for 1692, February 4th, there is a note of a warrant 
to prepare a bill for the charter incorporating the 
Company of Pearl Fishers in the rivers Irt and End, and 
other waters in co. Cumberland. Heads of charter, 
Thomas Patrickson, gent., to be first governor. In the 
list of first assistants the names of Giles and Hugh appear. 

Among the nobles on the roll of " Humfrey" de Bohun, 
Earl of Essex and Constable of England, containing offers 
of service made at the muster of Carlisle in 1300, for the 
army against Scotland, is John, Lord Greystoke, who 
offered services due from two and a half knights' fees by 



230 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Henry Redman and four others, with five horses fully 
equipped. And in a cartulary of Cockersand Abbey 
(circa 1300) among the benefactors are Henry, son of 
Henry de Redman, and Henry, son of Norman de 
Redman. The lands given to the Abbey were in Frebank, 
Newbiggin, Hotone, Lupton, Yeland, &c. A Henry also 
appears in the Close Rolls, loth August, 1328, as one of 
the sureties for Thurstan de Northlegh. 

James de Redman was a juror on the inquisition, 
taken after the death of Philippa, wife of Robert de Veer, 
Duke of Ireland, 13 Hen. IV. (1412). (Rawl. MS. B. 
438, fo. 70b). 

In the Ormonde Papers, 5th report, Catholic Chapter 
of London, is a letter written on 24th November, 1609, 
by John Redman to Dr. Smith ; and another John, in 
1485, received a grant for life of an annuity of £10 from 
the issues of the King's Lordship of Middleham (Pat. 
Rolls). William, Abbot of York (Wm. Thornton, Abbot 
of St. Mary's Abbey), writing to Cromwell on ist July, 
1533, says : — " I have sent you the lease to Thomas 
"Whalley and John Redman, of the Parsonage of Rud- 
stone" (Letters and Papers F & D — vol. vi., p. 746) ; and in 
the following year (1534) the Abbot sends a letter to Crom- 
well by John Redman, " who has a little tithe in Kendal 
granted him by my predecessors " (Letters and Papers, 
&c., vol. viii.). In the 17th century there was a Dr. John 
Redman, of Caius College, Cambridge, who was born in 
1625. He was a probationer of Merchant Tailors' School, 
and may have been a grandson of James Redman, of 
Thornton, who settled in London. A John Redman (of 
Austwick) also appears in a Roll dated ist May, 1641 
(now at Browsholme Hall), of those who took the oath of 
protestation. 



UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS. 231 

Maud Redman was the second wife of Thomas Leigh, 
of Isell, CO. Cumberland, who gave her the manor of Isell. 
After her husband's death she married Wilfred Liwson, 

And as frankly conveyed over the inheritance to him as she had 
received it of Leigh, which Wilfred (afterwards Sir Wilfred) having 
no issue by the said Maud, his wife, settled his estate upon William 
Lawson, a kinsman of his own, to the great disgust of Mary Irton 
(heir general of Maud Redmain) who had long time before continued 
in hopes that he would have settled it upon her ; but being dis- 
appointed so that she attempted to recover it by law against William, 
pretending that Maud Redmain had not made a legal conveyance to 
Sir Wilfred, and that what she did was the effect of horrible 
threatenings and violence. But the suit was at last ended by com- 
position, William Lawson giving her for her title the tithes of 
Blencrake, and the demesne of Threlkeld, worth together about 
;f200 per annum. 

(Denton's Cumberland and Nicolson & Burn, vol. ii., 
P- 95)- 

Marmaduke Redmain figures in the Lansdowne MSS. 
(British Museum) : — 

The case of Marmaduke Redmain, Esq.. in the House of Lords, 
concerning the privilege of Parliament. 

NORMANNUS le Redeman is appointed, 14th July, i Ed. 
III. (1327), arrayer in the wapentake of Lonsdale, with 
orders to array all men capable of bearing arms and by 
forced marches to join the King, then at Carlisle—" Quod 
omnes homines potentes ad pugnandum in comitatu 
Lancastriae armentur, et diu, noctuque (sic) iter properent 
ad Regem Edwardum" (Rot. Scot. L 218). This Norman 
had two sons, Matthew and William, both of whom were 
living in 1357, when they were concerned with John and 
Robert de Roos in the abduction of the Warton heir. 



232 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Ralph de Redmaine appears as witness to a grant 
(circa 1260) by Anice, daugiiter of Roland deThornburgh. 

Robert Redmayne, LL.D., was archdeacon of Nor- 
wich early in the seventeenth century. He is nentioned 
in the Hist. MSS. Com. 7th report, Appendix, p. 438 : — 
" 1618, April 13th, before the Venerable Robert Red- 
mayne, LL.D. for the Commissary of George, archbishop 
of Canterbury, visiting the diocese of Norwich, the see 
then being vacant." And in the gth report he occurs, in 
1594, as "Archdeacon " Redman. He was probably the 
Dr. Robert Redman, who was author of a life of Henry V. 
(Rolls Publications). Sir Robert Redman, escheator, is 
mentioned in the Ycrks. Arch. Journal, vol. xvi., p. 163 n. 

In 1484 there was a grant to the King's servant, 
Richard Redema3'ne, gentleman, of an annuity of 20 
marks out of the King's Lordship of Carnonton (?) 
Cornwall, (Pat. Rolls Ric. HI). We find Richard and 
"William Redman under the Hundred of Lonsdale in the 
muster list of soldiers in the county of Lancaster in 1574 
(Harl. MSS., Cod. 1926, ff. S-iga, and Baines' History of 
Lancashire, p. 173). Richard is responsible for having in 
readiness for Her Majesty's service, one plate coat, one 
long bow, one sheaf of arrows, one steel cap or skull, one 
calliver, and one morion ; while William's contribution 
is precisely the same. 

In 1598 a Richard Redman was living at Kearby, near 
Leeds, and figures in the followmg barbarous story re- 
corded by Mr. Speight in his Kirkby Overblow and District, 
(pp. 127-8) :- 

In 1598 one Elizabeth Armistead, formerly of Kearby, was charged 
with stealing certain sheets from the house of Christopher Favell, of 
Kearby, and likewise the same woman did feloniously take certain 
articles from the house of Richard Redman, at the same place. For 



UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS. 233 

these larcenies the poor woman was ordered to be delivered to the 
Constable of Kearby and "soundlie whipped throwe the said towne 
of Kearby," and by him next to be deUvered to the Constable of 
Kirkby Overblow, and he was to see to like execution within his 
town. She was then to be handed over to the Constable of Wether- 
by and publicly exhibited with her stripe-marks in the market-place; 
and finally to be again whipped with the cat through the town in 
manner similar to the foregoing. 

Richard Redman, J. P. for the West Riding of York- 
shire, died in 1715. He was the father of Lydia Redman, 
who, as we have seen, married James Favell, of Nor- 
manton. 

There is one Redman, knight of the shire, whose place 
on the family-tree I have hitherto been unable to discover. 
In 1313 " Simon de Redman, knight of the shire, re- 
turned for Westmorland, obtains his writ de expensis for 
attendance at the Parliament at Westminster, from the 
third Sunday in Lent, i8th March, to Saturday next before 
Palm Sunday, 7th April ; and from Sunday in three 
weeks of Easter, 6th May, to the Wednesday following, 
9th May — writ tested at Windsor, loth May, 6 Ed. II." 
(Close Roll, 6 Ed. IL m. 5'^). 

In 1336 there was an assignment out of the vicarage 
of Kirkby Stephen to Thomas, son of Thomas Redman, 
with the consent of the Abbot of St. Mary, York, the 
patron, and of the Bishop of Carlisle as Ordinary (His. 
MSS. Com. gth report. See of Carlisle Papers). A 
Thomas de Redman was appointed custodian, in 1350, of 
the lands in " Hoten roef " (Westmorland) which be- 
longed to John of Hoten roef, during the minority of the 
heir, paying 20 marks for his custody and marriage. 
(Abb. Rot. Orig., vol. ii., p. 212). 

In 1376 Thomas de Redman was one of the jurors on 

2 H 



234 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

the inquisition p.m. on Joan de Coupland, taken at 
Kirkby Kendal on Saturday next after the feast of Corpus 
Christi, 49 Ed. III. He held of Joan divers tenements 
in Kirkslack, by homage and fealty, and the service of 
3s. and 4d. yearly, as of her manor. (Dods. MS. 159, 
fol. 195''). It was, by the way, of the same Joan de 
Coupland, wife of John de Coupland to whom King 
Edward granted the De Coucy estates in Westmorland 
for his military services, that the Manors of Levens and 
Lupton were held. {Duchetiana, p. 212). 

In 1387-8 I find two demises by Thomas Redman, 
arch-priest of the chantry of the Holy Trinity, of Yeovil. 
In 1539 another Thomas was among the gentlemen 
appointed to assist the Deputy Warden of Carlisle. In 
1344 we find a commission of Oyer, &c., on information 
that Thomas Redman, Roger Redman, William Redman, 
and others had entered the free chase at Bambrigg, in 
Wensleydale, in the hands of Queen Philippa, &c. (Pat. 
Rolls, 18 Ed. III.) Ten years later, Thomas de Redman 
is a juror on the inquisition on Thomas Sturnell (Dods. 
MS. 70, fo. 148'') ; and in 1561 we meet a Thomas who 
was " late Chaplain to the Bishop of Ely " (Calendar to 
State Papers). He was also master of Jesus College, 
Cambridge, and was probably a younger son of William 
Redman, of Twistleton, and~Margaret Tunstall. At some 
date unknown the assize enquired if Thomas, son of 
Norman de Redmane, with others named in the neigh- 
bourhood of Isell, had unjustly disseised the monks of 
Holmcultram of a tenement in Blencraik (Harleian MS. 
3891, f. 104''). This would probably be the Thomas who 
was next heir to Alan de Camberton. 

Walter Redman appears early in the sixteenth 
century, as chaplain and one of the executors of Roger 



UNIDENTIFIED REDMANS. 235 

Leyburn, Bishop of Carlisle (Will, 17th July, 1507. Reg. 
Test, vi., 58^). 

"... Walterum Redman, veritatis professorem ac magis- 
trum ecclesiae collegiatae deGraistoke — capellanos meos." 

On September 21st, of the same year, the chapter of 
York empower Mr. Walter Redman S.T.P., provost of 
Graystock and others to collect the Bishop's goods. 

In Bishop Nicolson's Miscellany Accounts of the Diocese 
of Carlisle (extra series, Cumb. and West A. & A. 
Society, 1877), on p. 130, is quoted an inscription at 
Greystoke naming Walter Readman, 1509. A Walter 
Redman, of Fulston, is mentioned in connection with the 
Lincolnshire rebellion (Letters and Papers, Hen. VIIL, 
F. & D. vol. xi). 

In the list of Recognizances (1518) occurs William 
Redmayn, for ward of Thomas Whityngton's daughter 
(Letters and Papers, &c., vol. ii.). 

On the 13th March, 1536, the Letters and Papers (vol. 
X.) disclose a commission to Sir Thomas Tempest, William 
Redman and others to make inquisition on certain lands 
in Northumberland ; and a William Redman was witness 
to the will, in 1558, of Thomas Stanley, 2nd Lord Mont- 
eagle (Wills of Archdeaconry of Richmondshire, Surtees 
Society, ed. Canon Raine). 

Among the Duke of Manchester's MSS. (Hist. MSS. 
Com. Rep. 8) is a petition to promote Captain Redman 
to be major of the regiment of horse in garrison at North- 
hampton, vice Major Lytcott promoted to be Colonel. 

This is a typical, but very far from exhaustive list of 
Redmans whose names I have come across but whose 
identity it remains to discover. In many cases where 
several Redmans of the same christian name were living 
at the same time exact identification is almost impossible. 



236 



REDMAN ARMS. 



CHAPTER XXII. 



rriHE origin of the Redman Arms still remains a tan- 
-L talizing mystery. To Guillim, it is true, it presented 
no difficulties whatever, for he gives an exact description 
of the romantic circumstances which suggested to some 
remote Redman the cushion or pillow as an appropriate 
device with which to decorate the family shield. 

This nebulous, though valorous, ancestor " being chal- 
lenged to combat by a stranger, and time and place 
appointed as usual, was so intent on the performance 
that, coming very early to the place, and his adversary 
not arrived, he fell asleep in his tent ; at last, the hour 
being come, the noise of the trumpets sounded to the 
battle, whereupon waking suddenly he ran furiously upon 
his antagonist and slew him." 

This pleasing fiction might have been more appro- 
priately woven, one would think, for the three pillows of 
Wunhale, which, according to Mr. Oswald Barron, hint 
at some ancient English word for a pillow, allied to 
wonne, a pleasure, and hah, the neck ; but, however re- 
luctantly, we must dismiss it as a satisfactor}' explanation 
of the Redman cushions. 

Camden, in the essay on '" Surnames" in his "Remains 
concerning Britain," says, "And so the three pillows 
Ermin, of Redman of Northumberland, is the coat of 




'.ti^tVrW' 



ARMS OF THE KARL OF STRAFFORD. 

TO FACE P. 236. 



REDMAN ARMS. 



237 



Ran. de Greystock." It is true that the first Redman 
who was prominently identified with Northumberland, the 
fourth Sir Matthew, married Joan, widow of William, 
fourth Baron de Greystock ; but this connection is a very 
slender peg on which to hang the explanation of arm,s 
which Redman knights had borne more than two centuries 
before Matthew went to woo the Greystock widow. 

And yet Camden's conjecture finds some support from 
no less an authority on feudal hereldry than Mr. Barron, 
who says, " There must be some connection, feudal or in 
blood, between Greystock and Redmayne. Greystock's 
cushions, however, are generally drawn square fashion. 

Some plausibility is lent to this suggestion by the fact 
that the earliest-known bearer of the Redman cushions 
was the first Matthew, whose wife, Amabel, was not im- 
probably a Greystock ; and it is conceivable that he might 
have adopted the arms of his wife's family. 

The question is discussed at length in the Northern 
Genealogist (vol. v., p. 53) from which I quote. 

In the Northern Genealogist, vol. iv., p. 106, it is 
suggested that the three cushions of the Redmayne Arms 
were probably derived from the three cushions in the 
Arms of the Greystocks. This theory was put forth by 
Mr. Greenwood on my suggestion, and my authority for 
assigning the "three cushions " to Greystock was Pap- 
worth's British Armorial. In that work it is stated that 
the arms of Greystock, baron of Greystock, are three 
cushions, and the authorities given are " Glover's Ordin- 
ary " and the " Jenyns Roll" (Harl. MS. 6589), and 
reference is made to the monument of John de Greystock, 
in Greystock church. It is, however, also true that this 
work further assigns Gules, three lozenges argent, as the 
arms of Greystock, again giving as reference the "Jenyns 



238 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Roll." It further, on the authority of a Roll, A.D. 1299, 
gives Argent, three lozenges gules, as the arms of John, 
baron of Greystock. 

By the kindness of Mr. Joseph Foster, I am able to re- 
produce from his interesting work. Feudal Arms, two 
contemporary representations of the ancient arms of 
Greystock, which show that they should be described as 
three lozenges, not three cushions. 

The first represents an incised monumental slab in 
Greystock church with the inscription johes qodam baro 
DE GRAYSTOK. The second word of the inscription I 
take to mean quondam, and I presume that the tomb is 
that of John de Greystock, who died in 1305-6. It cer- 
tainly appears to me that the oblong rectangle in which 
each of the three lozenges on the shield is framed, repre- 
sents the carver's somewhat primitive substitute for carving 
in relief, but I can imagine that Papworth may have been 
misled by some such drawing, to suppose that the charges 
on the shield were intended to represent cushions. In 
any case, however, the second engraving which represents 
a seal, clearly exhibits three lozenges. I mistrust a little 
the accuracy of the engraving, but as far as I can judge, 
the seal would belong to the end of the thirteenth cen- 
tury, and was therefore the seal of the original John de 
Greystock. 

There was another John de Greystock of the second 
family, who died in 1436, and was buried at Greystock, 
but this family seems to have borne for arms Barry, three 
chaplets vert. 

It is clear that neither of the Greystock families bore 
the "three cushions" ; and, therefore, the suggestion that 
the Redmans derived those charges from the Greystocks 
must be abandoned. — W.F.C. 



REDMAN ARMS. 239 

The whole matter is probably accurately summed up in 
this expression of opinion by Colonel Parker : — " I do not 
for a moment think that the Redman cushions owe their 
origin to any other family. The Greystocks did not bear 
cushions. The Redman arms are distinct from all their 
contemporaries, and appear in tho most ancient Roll of 
Arms, and that is quite sufficient evidence of their origin- 
ality. The Greystock family was not a whit more 
honourable ; and at the date of their connection with the 
Redmans bore three chaplets for arms." 

The Redman arms appear thus in Glover's Roll (1243-6) 
which blazons two hundred and eighteen coats-of-arms : — 

Maheu de Redman, — da goules, trois hoveillers (cushions) d'or. 

And thus, whatever may have been their origin, they 
have now been borne for at least six hundred and sixty 
years, and are entitled to rank with the very oldest coats 
in England. The three cushions, it is interesting to note, 
have been or are borne by the following families : — 

The Earls of Moray — arg. three pillows, gules; 

Bruce of Annandale — arg. a saltire sable, on a chief gu, 
three cushions or ; 

Dunbar — or, three cushions within the royal tressuve, gules; 

Brisbane, Kirkpatrick, and Hutton. 

I have already noticed a large number of cases in 
which the Redman arms appear, either alone or with 
those of allied families, from the shields "graven in 
stone " in Harewood Castle to the stained-glass coat in 
Thornton church, and from the shield in the Speaker's 
house at Westminster to the embroidery on a Levens 
Hall cushion. They were also to be seen quartered with 
Greystock, barry of six, argent and azure, three chaplets 
gules, in Mr. Aske's house at Aughton (visit. Ebor. 1584) ; 



240 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

among the arms found by Mr. Machell at Under Levens 
Hall (a seat of the Prestons) were Preston, impaling 
Redman (Nicolson & Burn, p. 209) ; Redman of Ireby 
quartered Bellingham — three bugles sable, garnished and 
furnished, or ; and Redman of Gressingham and Fulford 
quartered Southworth, when Edward of Gressingham 
married an heiress of that knightly family. 

In Dodsworth's time (1606) " In a southe windowe " of 
the church of Kirkby Lonsdale, were to be seen the arms 
of Redman — gides, three cushions ermine (Dods. MS. 49, 
fo. 30) ; and the cushions make a brave appearance in 
the far-famed east window of St. Martin's Church, Win- 
dermere. Among the twenty-one coats-of-arms in this 
window, which include those of Urswick, Harrington, Ley- 
bourne, Huddleston or Fleming, of Rydal, Middleton, Wm. 
Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, Thweng, &c., are these : — 

(16) gules, three cushions ermine, tasseled or — a " heurt " 
(or pomme) in the centre for difference. 

In the sixth light : — 

(17) The arms as above, but without the " heurt." 
The date of the arms, which were probably removed 

from the church of Cartmel, is about 1340. (For a de- 
tailed description of this most interesting window, see 
Chancellor Ferguson's Bowness and its Old Glass ; Bel- 
lasis' Westmorland Church Notes ; and Clowes's Description 
of the great window of St. Martin's Church, Windermere.) 

The following Redman coats are also recorded by 
Bellasis in his Westmorland Church Notes, vol. i. : — 

p. 22. St. Lawrence, Appleby. 

Redman and Musgrave. 

(North aisle window), Arms, (i) gu. 3 cushions, erin,, tasseUd or, 
(Redman) ; (2) az. 6 annulets, 3, 2, and 1, or (Musgrave). (Dugdale 
1664, College of Arms, and Hill MSS, i., 161, citing Machell). 



REDMAN ARMS. 241 

p. 167. Burton-in-Kendal. 

Preston and Redman. 

(Arms in Burton Church, as tricked in Hill MSS. ii., 305) Ar, 3 
bars git. on a canton quatrcfoil or (Preston, of Preston Patrick) ; ditto 
impaling gu, 3 cushions (Redman). 

The arms of Redman appear with those of Ryther in 
the east window of the south aisle of Ryther church 
(Speight's Lower Wharfedale, p. 79) ; and they may be 
seen with the Aldeburgh arms on a tomb in the church 
of St. Denis, York, to the memory of " Dorothea, uxor 
Roberti Hughes, quondam de Uxbridge, Co. Middlesex, 
armiger, fiHa Johannis Redman, quae ab antiqua ilia Red- 
mannorum familia de Turre Harwood traxit originem. . ." 

Among fifteenth century arms " Rycharde Redmayne, 
of Yorke chyre " bore gules, three pillows of silver, with their 
tassels, (Ancestor, vol. iv., p. 245). William Redman, 
Bishop of Norwich, had a grant of arms in 1595 — Gules, a 
crown arg. between four cushions, ermine, tasseled or. His 
coat, however, as displayed on a monument against the 
south-east wall of Great Shelford church, Cambridgeshire, 
seems to have been Gules, a cross sable, between four 
cushions sable, tasseled or. (Gentleman's Magazine, 1799, 
pt. i., p. 186). Another variant of the paternal coat is 
the following, from the Harleian MSS., 1396, Vis. Ebor 
1584 — Gtdes, on a fess arg. between three cushions, ermine, 
tass. or, three fleurs-de-lys of the field. 

Of the Redman shields in Harewood church and castle 
two bore the label, the cadency mark for the eldest son ; 
and a third bore a chevron. The Redmans of Thornton 
differenced with a fieur de lys, the cadency symbol for the 
sixth son ; Redman, of Twisleton, with a mullet, for the 
third son ; and the shield of the Redmans of Ireby, 
Gressingham and Fulford (Vis. Ebor, 1585) bore a 

2 I 



242 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

chevron. The Fulford Redmans, however, are given the 
undifferenced arms in 1680 (Add. MSS. 26, 684). 

Crest. Redmans of Harewood bore, out of a ducal 
coronet or, a nag's head, arg. Thornton — a dexter hand, 
couped at the wrist, gules. This crest seems to have been 
pecuHar to the Thornton branch. Fulford — on a cushion 
gules, tasseled or, a nag's head couped arg. Bishop Redman 
of Norwich — oid of a mural coronet, or, a nag's head arg. 
maned gules; and another Redman crest mentioned in the 
Harleian MSS. is, on a cushion gules, tasseled or, an open 
book ars:., inscribed " odor vitae." 



We have now reviewed, however cursorily, twenty 
generations of this ancient family. We have followed 
them down the long course of history from days that 
were almost within living memory of the Conqueror to 
the civiHzed haven of the seventeenth century. We have 
watched them, from the day when their Norman progeni- 
tor gained for them the first family foothold in the north 
of England, add lands to lands, and wax richer and more 
powerful as the centuries passed ; mingling their blood 
with that of great families, and sending out their sons to 
found branches little less flourishing than the parent 
stem. We have seen them defying a tyrannous King and 
helping to wrest from him the great charter of our liber- 
ties; dealing lusty blows at Scots and French alike, doing 
sentinel duty on the marches, governing border strong- 
holds, parleying with John of Gaunt at the gate of Ber- 
wick, chasing Piers Gaveston to the executioner's block, 
and bearing arms against their own flesh and blood in the 
war between King and Parliament. 



REDMAN ARMS. 243 

We have accompanied them with their flag of truce on 
missions of peace, when proclaiming treaties, and travel- 
ling as envoys to foreign courts. We have watched 
them, generation after generation, ride to distant West- 
minster to help in the fashioning of their country's laws, 
and have seen one of their number controlling the counsels 
of the Commons. They have worn the mitre before us as 
bishops of four dioceses, have done sheriffs work in as 
many counties, have owned a score of manors, and counted 
their acres in many thousands. 

For nearly six centuries they have held their heads high 
before us among the great families of the north ; and one 
by one we have seen the carefully-reared edifices of their 
fortunes tumble down and their broad acres pass into the 
hands of strangers. However far the pendulum may 
swing, it must inevitably return ; and with subjects as 
with Kings the day of great things must sooner or later 
be merged in night. The wonder is that the Redmans 
held their own so long, rather than that the hour of their 
eclipse ever came. They saw many a family rise to power 
and prosperity as great as theirs, only to sink before them 
into obscurity ; and they might well have thought that 
their own day of reckoning would never dawn. 

We have seen how and when it came ; and we need 
not pursue their history farther. Although the blood 
of the old Redman knights flows in the veins of many of 
our greatest nobles of to-day, the bearers of the name no 
longer fill high places. Many of them, however, are pros- 
pering greatly ; and it may well be that at no far future 
" when this darkness is overpast," the sun of the family 
fortunes may shine again as bravely as ever it did in the 
days of chivalry. 




Redman Qdarteking Aldebhrgh. 
In the Great Chamber of Harewood Castle, 1584. 



ms 



APPENDIX. 



WILL OF SIR MATTHEW, III. (p. 56). 

In nomine Dei, amen. Ego Mathius de Redmane de Kendall 
miles condo testaraentum meum in tiunc modum. Imprimis do et 
lego animam meam Deo et beate Marie et omnibus Sanctis et corpus 
ad sepeliendum in ecclesia beati Peter de Heversham et melius 
meum animal nomine mortuarii mei ibidem. Item do et lego omnia 
bona mea mobilia et immobilia videlicet equos boves vaccas et 
omnimodo alia averia mea ac eciam oves multones hog gastros 
(lambs after the first year) meos masculos et femellas> ac eciam 
omnia blada mea cujus cunque generis fuerint una cum omnibus et 
omnimodis utensilibus domus mee ubicunque fuerint inventa Mar- 
garete uxori mee ita quod ipsa post mortem meam Mbere ad libitum 
suum disponat et ordinet de eisdem pro anima mea prout melius 
viderit expedire. Ad istud testamentum fideliter exequendum 
Christopherum de Moriceby et Hugonem de Moriceby constituo 
executores meos. 

(Probate not dated, but sometime in April, 1360. Proved before 
Adam de Sallceld, of Carlisle. Testamenta Karleolensia, edited by 
Chancellor Ferguson). 

Reg. vol. ii., fol. 66. Trans., vol. iii., p. go. 



WILL OF MATTHEW DE REDMAN, OF CARLISLE. 
(P- 56). 

In Dei nomine, Amen. Ego Mattheus de Redmane die Mercurii 
in festo animarum (Wednesday in All Souls — November 2, 1356) 
condo testamentum in hunc modum. In primis do et lego animam 
meam dec et biate Marie virgini et omnibus Sanctis et corpus meum 
ad sepeliendum in cimiterio praedicatorum Karleoli cum meliori 
averio meo ad ecclesiam meam parochialem nomine mortuarii. 



246 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Item do et lego fratribus predicatoribus Karleoli xxs. at fratribus 
minoribus ibidem, xxs. Item do et lego fratri Roberto Deyncourt 
vis. viiid. Item do et lego Symoni clerico vis. viiid. Item lego in 
cera ad comburendum circa corpus meum unam petram cere. Item 
in convocationem vicinorum die sepulture mee xxs. Item do et lego 
Emmoti uxori mei illud Burgagium meum in vico picatorum Karl. 
Item do et lego dicte Emmoti uxori mee xxix marcas sterlingorum 
quos dominus Will'us de Graystok michi tenetur pro uno equo et 
aliis animalibus de me emptis. Item do et lego residuum omnium 
bonorum meorum Emmote uxori mee ut ipsa solvat debita mea si 
qui (sic) sunt et ad istud testamentum exequendum ordino, facio et 
constituo meos executores, viz. Gilbert de Hoythwait et Emmotem 
uxorem meam. 

Dat. apud Karl, dicto die Merciirii, anno Ivi. (Probate in com- 
mon form. Gilbert renounced). 

Reg. vol. ii., fo. 28. 



SIR MATTHEW, IV. (pp. 59-61). 
Appointed Governor of Roxburgh. 
Rex omnibus ad quos, &c., salutem. Sciatis quod cum dilectus et 
fidelis noster Matheus de Redmane per certam indenturam inter 
nos et ipsum confectam, penes nos sit retentus custos castri nostri 
de Rokesburgh a primo die Mail prox' futur' per unum ann' prox' 
sequentem etc. (Dated 6 March, 4 Ric. ii., A.D. 1380-1). 

Exchequer; Queen's Remembrancer Miscellanea; 5 Ric. 11 
Ministers' Account, (i May, 1381). 

Particule compoti Mathei de Redman, militis, nuper custodis 
castri Reg', de Rokesburgh, virtute indenturae inter Regem et ipsum 
Matheum inde fact', videlicit, de receptis et vadiis suis xxx hominum 
ad arma et i sagittar' equitum, bene et competenter pro guerra, 
prout ad statum suum pertinet, arraiatorum, de retinentia sua secum 
commorancium et existentium in eodem castro, super salva custodia 
ejusdem, videlicit, a primo die Mali, anno Regni Regis Ricardi 
secundi post conquestum quarto, quo die idem Matheus, custodiam 
ejusdem castri de comit' Northumbr' per indenturam recepit, usque 



APPENDIX. 247 

Festum Purificationis Beatae Mariae prox. sequent., anno quinto, 
quo die idem Matheus custodiam ejusdem castri Thomae Blekansop 
(Blenkinsop) per indenturam liberavit. 

Appointed Sheriff of the county of Roxburgh (i May, 1381). 

Rex omnibus arl quos etc salutem. Sciatis quod nos commisimus 
eidem Matheo custodiam vicecomitatus praedicti, et mandatum est 
archiep'is, epis', abbatibus, prioribus etc. baronibus, militibus et 
omnibus aliis fidelibus suis de com' de Rokesburgh, quod eidem 
Matlieo, tanquam vie' nostro com' predicti, in omnibus que ad 
officium vicecomitatus pr'd'ti pertinent, intendentes sint et respon- 
dentes. In cuj'etc T.R. apud Westm' vi die Martii. P' consilium. 

Commissioned to Treat with the Scots. (20 Mar., 1386). 

Le Roy a toutz ceux etc. Confianz au plein de les loialte, seens, 
avisement, et discretions de les hon'ables piers en Dieu, Wauter, 
I'evesq' de Bath et Welles et Thomas, evesq' de Kardoille, et nos 
tres chiers et foialx Henr' de Percy, count de Northumbr' Johan, 
sire de Nevill, Philip Darcy, Meistre Esmon Stafford, dean de 
I'eglise cathedrale d' E'vwyk (York), Matheu de Redemane, chivaler 
etc. Don' par tesmoignance de n're gant seal a n're paloys de 
Westm' le xx jour de Martz I'an de grace mill trois centz quatre 
vint et sisme, et de noz regnes disme. P le roy et son conseil. 



WILL OF SIR RICHARD I. (1425— p. 87.) 
Ricardus Redman miles ordinat testamentum primo die Mali 3 
H. VI., de manerio de Levens in com Westm', et de burgagiis et 
reversionibus cum pertinentiis in villa de Harwode, cum advoca- 
cionibus cantariarum in ecclesia de Harwode in hunc modum ; 
Imprimis volo quod feoffatores mei feoffati in manerio de Levens et 
burgagiis et advocacionibus cantariarum de Harwode, dimittant, et 
feoffamentum faciant,statim post mortem mei, prefati Ricardi Redman, 
militis, per cartas indentatas Ricardo filio meo in omnibus predictis 
manerio et burgagiis, tenendum et habendum eidem Ricardo filio 
meo, usque ad plenam oetatem Ricardi Redman, filii Mathei Redman 
militis. Ita quod cum predictus Ricardus, Alius Mathei Redman 



248 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

militis, pervenerit ad suam plenam aetatem, volo quod omnia pre- 
dicta maneria et burgag' etc. remaneant prediclo Ricardo Redman, 
filio Mathei, et si predictus Ricardus, iilius Mathiei Redman, obierit 
sine herede masculo de corpore suo procreate, predicta manerium 
et burgag' remaneant Ricardo Redman, filio meo, et heredibus mas- 
oulis de corpore suo ; et si Ricardus, filius meus, obierit sine hieredi- 
bus masculis, remaneant Johianni Redman, filio Elene Grene, etc. 
Item volo quod feoffatores mei feoffati in maneriis de Kereby et 
Kirkby (Kirkby Overblow) teneant predicta maneria cum proficuis 
etc. ad usum meum et assignatorum meorum, durante minore aetate 
Briani de Stapleton, filii Briani de Stapleton militis. Et quando pre- 
fatus Brianus, filius Briani de Stapleton militis, ad plenam aetatem 
pervenerit, volo quod predicti feoffatores mei faciant statum et 
feoffamentum predicto Briano, filio Briani Stapleton militis, et 
heredibus masculis de corpore etc sub condicione quod si Brianus 
filius Briani Stapleton militis, sen heredes implacitent, seu intrent 
vel perturbent me prefatum Ricardum Redman niilitem, vel heredes 
meos de corpore Elizabethe, nuper uxoris mee, masculos legitime 
procreates, de manerio et castello de Harwode, etc. tunc feoffatores 
mei intrent in predictis maneriis de Kereby et Kirkeby, et de eisdem 
statum faciant mihi et heredibus masculis de corpore Elizabethe 
ouper uxoris mee legitime procreatis, et si contingat me obire sine 
heredibus de corpore predicte Elizabethe procreatis, tunc volo quod 
predicta maneria de Kereby et Kirkby remaneant rectis heredibus 
dicte Elizabethe imperpetuum. Et si contingat predictam Eliza- 
betham obire sine heredibus, remaneant Johanne uxori Willelmi 
Ingilby, et Isabelle sorori predicte Johanne, filiabus Briani de 
Stapleton, militis sub condicione et forma predictis, etc. 

(Dods. MS. 159, folio 195). 



Notes supplied by Colonel Parker, too late for 
inclusion in the text. 

YEALAND (See p. 52). 

From further information kindly supplied by Colonel Parker, I 

find that John Redman, who died 24 Ed. III., was not, as I had 

concluded, the last Redman lord of Yealand. It appears that John's 



APPENDIX. ■ 2-45 

sister, Elizabeth, who, according to his inquisition, was wife of 
Roger de Croft, became the mother of a John Redman to whom 
Yealand descended. He was succeeded by his son ot the same 
name, who had a daughter Mabel, wife of Thomas Lawrence. 

In a manor suit (court of John Multon, knight, of Kingsclere, held 
at Kendal on Michaelmas day, in 15 Hen. VI.) carried later into the 
King's Court in 22 Hen. VI., Thomas Lawrence and Mabel his wife, 
were sued by Thomas Bethom, senior, for common of pasture in 
Yealand. The line of 31 Hen. III. between Matthew de Redman, 
Robert Conyers and Alice his wife, plaintiffs, and Thomas de 
Bethom, is quoted, as also the following pedigree : — 



Matthew de Redman 


Thomas de Bethom 


1 
Adam 


Robert 


Elizabeth 


Thomas 


JoLn 


1 
Ralph 


John 


1 
Robert 


Mabel, wife of 
Thos. Lawrence. 


1 

Thomas de Bethom, 
Senior. 



(Harleian MSS. 21 17, m. 320). 

The Redman pedigree, it will be observed, is wrong in omitting 
two generations (Henry ii. and Matthew ii.) between Matthew and 
Adam. 

It is thus clear that the lands at Yealand did not pass finally out 
of Redman hands on the death of John, in 1351, but remained in the 
family, with an interval of Croft occupation, until someway into the 
fifteenth century, when Mabel Redman became the wife of Thomas 
Lawrence. 



WIVES OF SIR RICHARD I. & II. 

Colonel Parker is convinced that it was the second and not the 
first Sir Richard Redman, of Harewood, who had for wife Elizabeth 
Gascoigne ; and although many students of Redman history, in 
addition to myself, had arrived at a different conclusion. Colonel 

2 K 



250 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Parker's opinion is of such weight that I am bound to give his views 
on the matter. 

First, he says, we have the statement in the Gascoigne pedigree 
that Sir William Ryther and Sir Richard Redman (grandsons of 
Sibilla and Elizabeth Aldeburgh respectively) married two sisters, 
granddaughters of Sir William Gascoigne; we have (ii) the tomb 
oi Sir Richard Redman and Elizabeth Gascoigne, his wife, in Hare- 
wood church; and (iii) a pedigree quoted in a case Coram Rege 
in 1516, where the succession to Harewood, &c., was in dispute be- 
tween Joan, wife of Marmaduke Gascoigne, and Richard Redman, 
her uncle. 

In this case one of the jurors was objected to on account of his 
relationship to Richard Redman, which is stated thus:— (Thomas 
Leigh) son of Roger, son of Margaret, daughter of Anne, daughter 
of Sir William Gascoigne, father of Elizabeth, mother of Edward, 
father of the said Richard Redman. 





Sir 


William Gascoigne. 

T 


1 

Anne 




Elizabeth 


1 
Margaret 




Edward 


T 
Roger 




Richard Redman 


T 
Thomas Leigh 





The only point I may mention is that I have come acros.^ " Ellen," 
wife of this Sir Richard, on more than one occasion, e.g., Plea Roll, 
Lane'. Palatine, Lent 3 Ed. IV. But this and the other references 
may be only clerical errors for Elizabeth. Possibly there may have 
been two wives, though I doubt it ; yet a second marriage with a Croft 
or a Betham might explain the difficulty of the relationship of William 
(his son) to Margaret Strickland, who were related in the fourth 
degree, although I cannot trace the kinship. 



APPENDIX. 



DESCENDANTS OF CUTHBERT, OF HAREWOOD. 

By Elizabeth Wilstrop, Cuthbert had at least two sons and one 
daughter, and the Richard Redman, gent, who in 1602 was plaintiff 
in a fine re Newham Grange, may have been a third son. Wilstrop 
Redman, Cuthbert's son and heir, sold the manor of Borrowby in 
1597, and is found deaUng by fine with other land in Newton in 
1599. He was of Newton in the parish of Lythe, and married as his 
first wife, Jane, second daughter of Roger Radcliffe, of Mulgrave 
Castle, by Margaret, his second wife, daughter of John Ryther, of 
Ryther. She was party to fines in 1597 and 1599, and was living in 
1603. Wilstrop appears to have had issue by her two sons — 
Thomas, born 1596, styled (1627) " of Ughthorpe, gent," a recusant ; 
he is styled ■•Thomas Redman, Junior, gent," in a List of Recusants 
in 1616. 

Wilstrop's second son, Cuthbert, occurs as a recusant "of Lythe, 
gent," in 1634. Jane, wife of Wilstrop, died before 1608, when her 
husband, then of York Castle (a prisoner ?), wed Grace Leadbitter. 
Cuthbert's second son was Thomas Redman, of Newton, par. Lythe. 
He married Isabel Radclifl'e, third daughter of Roger Radcliffe, of 
Mulgrave, and sister of Jane, wife of Wilstrop Redman. He was 
born in 1569, and occurs last as "Thomas Redman, Senior, gent," 
n a list of recusants in 1616. His wife (born 1573) occurs in 1603, 
and in 1608, i5ii, and 1614. Thomas and Isabel had issue, Ralph, 
a recusant 1611, and also Cuthbert (vix 1633). 



WILLS PROVED— PREROGATIVE COURT OF 
CANTERBURY, 1383— 1585. 

38 Holgrave. 

22 Holder. 

15 Alenger. 

29 Powell. 

3 Noodes. 

11 Noodes. 
20 Morrison. 

12 Crymes. 
9 Peter. 



1505 Red 


nan, Richard, Bishop of Ely, &c. 


1516 


Thomas, Calais and Kent 


1540 


Robert, London 


1552 


Ann, Kent 


1557 


, John, Preby of Westminster 


1557 


, Thomas, Bucks. 


1565 


Edward, London, &c. 


1565 


George, Cambridge 


1572 


, John, London 



252 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

WILLS IN THE YORK REGISTRY. 

(This list, dozen to 1618, is taken from the Record Publications of the 
Yorkshire Arch. Socv.) 

Marion Redemane, buried St. Andrew's, Yorl<, June i6, 

1428, 
1514 Thomas Redeman, Probate act. Bulmer. 
1543 Dorothy Redman, rel. Richard Redman, of Harewood, 

esquire, to receive inventory, Ainsty. 
1538 18 July, Charles Redman (buried St. Oswald's, Arncliffe), 

37 June, 1537. 
1517 23 February, Lionell Redman (buried at Flyntham). 
1524 14 July, Richard Redman (buried at Kirby Overblawes), 

7 October, 1523. 
1540 II March, Robert Redman (Kerebie), 11 April, 1540. 
1 55 1 30 September, Walter Redman. Regilston, par. Sandal 

Magna. 

1561 21 June, Arthur Redman, Holcottes (buried at Arncliffe). 

1562 16 April, Richard Redman, Hoton Robert. August 7, 

1561. 
1573 27 January, John Readman, Gaitfulfurthe, gentleman, 
13 December, 1573. 

1579 7 May, John Readman, Losco Grange, parish of Feather- 

stone, gent"- 

1580 17 March, Richard Readmayn, Arncliffe, 1579. 
1586 27 July, Isabell Readman. Gaitfulfurthe, wo. 

1586 15 February, Janet Readman, Losco Grange, parish of 

Featherstone. 
1586 I December, Richard Readman, Losco Grange, parish of 

Featherstone. 
1591 19 February, Thomas Redmane, Carleton, otherwise of 

Cotes, parish of Snaith. 
1586 15 November, Isabella Readman, Keirby, Ainsty 

(AdmOn). 
1591 20 .^pril, Thomas Readman, Heslewood, Ainsty 'AdmOn). 
1596 8 November, John Readman, Kerebie, Ainsty (Admnn). 

1599 Janet Redman, Castleford (Admon). 

1600 18 .\ugust, John Redmayne, Waterfoulforth. 



APPENDIX. 235 

i602 6 August, John Readnian. Arnecliffe, Craven. 

1606 3 May, William Redman, Stowpebrowe, parish of Fylinge 

1607 25 May, Dorothy Redman, Carleton City fAdm-m) 

1607 I October, Janet Redman, alias Shepperd, Leeds, Ainsty 

(Admon). 
1610 12 September, Jane Readman, Greenhead in Sawley 
1613 16 February, Gabriel Readman, Maltby, Cleveland 

(Admon). 
1615 5 October, Isabell Readman, Stowpebrowe, parish of 

Fylingdales, wo. 
1617 8 September, John Redman, Yarome. 
1617 8 May, Mary Skipton, wo. of Jo. Redman, of Ashton, 

gentn- April 20, 1615. 
i6i8 3 February, Richard Redman, Kingston-upon-Hull. 
1660-1 Robert Readman, of Normanton. 
1662-3 Simon Redman, of Andebuthill. 
1663-5 John Redman, of Horton-in-Ribblesdale. 
1666-7 Edward Readman, of Whitby. 
1665-7 Richard Redmayne, of Meare. 
1668-9 Dorothy Redmayne, of Beverley. 
1670-71 Edward Readmond, of Hull. 
1672-73 Thomas Redman, of Gisborough. 
1678-80 Elizabeth and John Readman (two wills). 
1678-80 Wm. Readman of Sinington. 
1681-82 Marie Readman, of Wighill. 
1681-82 John Readman, of Whitby. 
1681-82 Marie Redman, of Sinington. 
1683-84 Ann Readman, of Whitby. 
1688-90 William Redman, of Weyton-on-Swaile. 
f 1687.8 Elizabeth Readman (ibd). 
+1687-8 William Redman (T.). 
fi687 March, Christopher Redman, i68| (Ad.). 
+ 1688 April, Elizabeth Redmaine (T.). 
+ 1661 Dennis Readman, of Good Madham (Ad.) 
ti738 Robert Redman, Clerici of St. Michael's, Berefide, will of 
+1683-86 William Redman, of Wadsworth. 
1705-6 Sarah Readman, widow, of Rosedale. 
t Dean and Chapter vacancies. 



254 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

1709-10 Hannah Redman, late of Moorgate. 
1712-13 Edward Readman, of Whitby. 
1714-15 Thomas Readman, of Stockton-on-Tees. 
1714-15 Richard Redman, gent"-, of Normanton. 
1718-20 Elizabeth Redmayne, of Linton. 
1718-20 Emma Readman, of Stockton. 
1719-20 Anna Redman, widow, of Dean Field. 
1 1692 Richard Redmayne, arm'- of Linton; Elizabeth, his 

widow. 
J 1695 Admon of goods of Robert Rydman, of Dean Field. 
J1704 24 October, Mr. Milo Gale, clerk, testament of Jonathan 
Redman, of Wadsworth — Admon of goods to Simon 
Redman. 
J 1706 October, Admon of goods of Ann Redman, spr., of Dean 
Field, parish of Keighley, to Ann Redman, wo., and 
mother. 
J 1718 17 December, testament of Elizabeth Redman, wid., of 

Linton, to Robert Whittell, gen. 
J1719 July, testament of Anna Redman, widow, of Dean Field, 
parish of Keighley — Admon of goods to Peter Heaton. 
1719-20 Anna Redman, wid., of Dean Field. 
1728-29 William Redman, civitate Ebor, armiger; John Redman, 

of Whitby. 
1729-31 John Redman, of Rosedale. 
1731-32 Caroli Redman, civ. Ebor, armiger. 
1735-36 John Redman, late of London. 
1736-37 Leonard Redmain, of Halton Gill. 
173S-39 Francis Redman. 
1748-49 Simeon Redman, of Upper House in Wadsworth. 



RICHMONDSHIRE WILLS— (SOMERSET HOUSE). 
Lonsdale Deanery. 
8 May, 1553, Redmayn, Richard, Ingleton. 
30 Jan., 1556. Redmayne, Giles, Ingleton. 
3 Jan., 1561. Redmayn, Wm., of Thornton. 

J Craven with Ripou Act Books, 1684 to 1721. 



APPENDIX. 255 

1573. Redmayn, Richard, of Thornton, Esq, (Inv. 2). 

12 June, 1582. Readmane, Wm., of Ingleton. 

Mar., 1582. Redmayne, Alexander, par. of Thornton. 

19 Nov., 1585. Redmayne, Edmond, of Burton-in- Lonsdale. 

17 Dec 15Q1" I Redmayne, ElizO'., par. of Thornton. 

Sep., 1598. Redmayne, Francis, gent", of Burton. 

10 Feb., 1600. Redmayne, Agnes, par. of Thorneton. 

7 Feb., 1604. Redmayne, Nycholas, par. of Thorneton. 

5 Oct., 1607. Redman, Marmaduke, of Thornton Hall. 
9 Mar., 1609. Redmayn, Jeffray, par. of Thornton. 

27 Jan., 1611. Redman, John, of Newbie, par. of Clapham. 

27 Jan., 1611. Redman, John, alias Jenkine, of Ingleton. 

25 Feb., 1612. Redman, Edward, of Ingleton. 

7 July, 1614. Redman, Leonard, par. of Ingleton. 

(Tuition Bond, 11 Feb., 1618). 

4 Aug., 1614. Redman, Thomas, of Callcotes, par. of Ingleton. 
30 Jan., 1614. Redman, Richard, of Ingleton. 

29 Jtme, 1615. Readmaine, Eliz"^- of Ingleton. 

11 Jan., 1615. Redman, William, par, of Thorneton. 

6 June, 1616. Redman, William, of Thorneton. 

30 Oct., 1616. Redman, Richard, par. of Thorneton. 

31 Oct., 1616. Redman. Marmaduke, of Westus, par. of Thorneton. 
6 Nov i6iq' J^™6s Redman, par. of Thorneton. 

1620. Bond by Redman, Thomas, of Callcoats, Ingleton. 

12 May, 1625. Redman, William de Parkefoote. 

8 Sep., 1625. Redman, Jacobus de Wrayton. 

5 Feb., 1628. Redman, Agnes, of Midleton. 

26 June, 1629. Redman, Joseph, of Kirkby Lonsdale. 
29 Oct., 1629. Redman, Isabella, par. of Ingleton. 

6 May, 1630. Redman, Ch'., of Ingleton. 

13 Jan., 1630. Redmayne, Francis, pa. of Thorneton. 
3 Feb., 1630. Redman, Leonardus de Ingleton. 

21 Apl., 1631. Redmayne, Marmaduke de Caldcold, par. of Ingle- 
* ton. 

6 Dec, 1632. Redman, Jane de Ingleton. 

10 Jan., 1632. Redman, Alice, par. of Thornton. 

6 Feb., 1633. Redman, Jennetta de Wrayton. 



256 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

20 Aug';, 1635:! Redman, Alexander, of Ingleton. 

6 May, 1639. Redmaine, Marmaduke, of Westhouse, par. of 

Thornton. 
23 June, 1643. Readman, Dorothie de Ingleton. 

7 May, 1646. Redmaine, Thomas, ,, 

20 Jan., 1647. Redmaine, William, of Thornton. 

1661. Redman, Bryan, of Twisleton. 

1662. Redmaine, Jane, of Callcoats. 

23 June, 1664. Redman, Alice, of Wennington, widow. 

2 Mar., 1664. Readman, Isabella, of Ingleton. 

17 Jan., 1666. Readmaine, Jas., of Westhouses, par. of Thornton. 

22 Apl., 1669. Readman, John, of Couldcoates. 

20 Nov., 1670. Redmaine, John, of Ireby. 

2 Mar., 1670. Redmayne, Ch""., of Moregarth. 
29 June, 1676. Redmaine, Thos. de, Couldcoates. 

7 Sep., 1676. Readmaine, John, of Westhouse. 

10 May, 1677. Readmaine, Thos., par. of Clapham. 

25 July, 1679. (Lady) Sarah Redmaine, of Thornton. 

5 Apl., 1680. Giles Redmaine, of Moorgarth. 

25 May, 1680. Redmaine, Thos., of Mewith. 

I Apl., 1681. John Redmaine, Armiger, of Thornton Hall. 

3 June, 1685, Redman, Miles, de Graystongill. 
13 Oct., 1685. Redmond, Agnes de 

29 May, i68g. W™. Redman, of Westhouse. 
Redman, Jenetta, of Ingleton. 
Giles Redman, of Grastongill. 
Redman, George, of Mooiegarth. 
Redman, Agnes, of Greystonegill. 
Redman, Richard, of Austwick. 
Redmayne, Ralph, of Halsteads, Armiger. 
W™. Redmayne, of Slaitenbergh, par. of Bentham. 
Redmayne, W"., of Austwick. 
Richt*. Redmayne, of Austwick. 
Redmayne, W"'., of Ireby. 
Redmayne, Jenetta, of Mooregarth, Ingleton. 
Redmaine, W"., of Lawkland. 
Redman, Eliz., of Helmside, in Dent. 
Isabella Redman, of Lawkland. 



19 Apl., 


1692. 


10 Sep., 


1696. 


12 Aug., 


1697. 


22 Jan., 


1697. 


29 Apl., 


1700. 


30 Mar., 


I703. 


i5 Aug., 


^705- 


21 Apl., 


1709. 


20 Apl, 


1710. 


17 Apl., 


1712. 


26 Feb., 


1712. 


27 May, 


1714. 


29 June, 


1719. 


4 Feb., 


1719. 



4 Feb., 


1719. 


3 Feb., 


1720. 




1721. 


10 Feb. 


1721. 


15 Jan., 


1723- 




1725- 


26 Aug., 


1737. 



APPENDIX. ■. ; -^7 

Redniayn, Miles de Maysongill. 

Marg'. Redman, of Austwick. 

Admon with will annexed of Richard Redman, late 

of Thornton ^Holme Head). 
Admon of Thomas Redmaine, of Ingleton. 
Proof of will of James Redmaine, of Ingleton. 
Proof of will of Thomas Redmaine, of Ingleton. 
Aduii'm of goods of John Redmaine, of Ireby. 
31 Dec, 1727. Michael Redman, of Ingleton. 

1728. Admon of Tho^. Redman, of Ingleton. 

1728. Probate of will of Tho^. Redman, of Hill, par. of 

Bentham. 
1730. Tuition of Margaret and Ellen, daughters of Thomas 
Redman, of Seedhill. 
Probate of will of Alexander Redmayne, of Lower- 

tields, par. of Thornton. 
Probate of will of Giles Redmayne, late of Coldcotes, 

par. of Bentham. 
Probate of will of Tho^. Redmayne, of Austwick. 
Probate of will of Leonard Redmayne, of Woodlease, 
in Ingleton. 
5 Apl., 1737. Curation of person, &c., of Ellen Redman, daughter 
of Tho». Redman, late of Ingleton. 

Amounderness Deanery. 

23 Sep., 1578. Edmund Redmayne, of Lancaster. 
1739. Thomas Redman, of Cockerham. 

Kendal Deanery. 

7 Julyi 1582. John Redman, of Holm, Westmorland. 
23 Oct., 1577, Christabel Redman, Kendal. 

Nicholas Redman of Skelsmergh, Westmorland. 
William Redman of Skelsmergh, Westmorland. 
William Redman of Kendal. 
Christopher Redman of Skelsmergh. 
Thomas Redman of Skelsmergh. 
Giles Redman de Kendal. 
Christopher Redman de Kendal. 

2 L 



9 June, 


1730. 


17 June, 


1732- 


11 July, 


1732. 


7 Mar., 


1732- 



6 Oct., 


1592. 


27 Nov. 


1593- 


July, 


1594- 


29 Jan., 


1611. 


9 July, 


1636. 


3 Sep., 


1670. 


26 Apl., 


1689. 



258 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Eastern Deaneries. 
1524. Jacobi Redman, par. Hornby. 
1584. Robert Readman de ArUende (O.B. 72 A.W.) 
1593. Thomas Readman of Usborne (O.B. 72 A.W.) 
6 Mch., 1681. Ellen Readman, of Richmond. 

Ad. Act. fo. 31, A.B. 1680-84. 
14 Sep., 1699. Christopher Readman de Surneside. 
p. Coverham. Ca. 

Wills Proved within the Peculiar of the Manor of Halton 
AND NOW IN Probate Registry, Lancaster. 

: :.i.i'.. 1660. William Redmayne, of Halton. 



INQUISITIONS POST MORTEM. 

" Cakndavium Inquisitionum post jnortcm sive Escaetarum." 

Vol. II. 

p. 163. Escaet' de anno vicessimo quarto Ed. III. 
Joh'es fil Ade de Redmane de Yeland, 
Yeland Maner' due partes. Lancast. 
p. 301. Ed. III. (1369-70). 

Matheus de Redeman de Allerdale alienavit diversis per- 
sonis. 

Kirkoswald maner' \ 

Laisingbye maner' 

Glassonby 20 acr' ter' ICumb'. 

Lamanbye maner' due partes 
Karlioir un' ten' / 

Vol. IV. 
p. 108. 5 Hen. VI. 

Ricus Redman, Miles. 

Harwode maner. 
. • Estcarleton. 

Donkeswike. 
Heltwayte. 



APPENDIX. '■^'/:2^ 

153. 12 Hen. VI. 

Elizabeth, who was wife of Richard Redman, chevaler. 
Rughford maner' extent . . . Ebor. 

186. 17 Hen. VI. 

Matheus Redman, miles qui obiit A" 7 Hen. V. 
Harrewode medietas maner' . . . Ebor. 
Rici Redman filii at heredis Mathei Redman militis filii 
Richardi Redman et Elizabeth uxoris ejus. 
Probat' aetat . . . Ebor. 

375. 16 Ed. IV. 

Riciis Redmayn, miles. 

Harewode medietas manerii 
Otteley ten' voc Kayle. ' • 

411. 23 Ed. IV. ; ,, ■> f 

Will'us Redman, miles. 

Harewode maner 
Ottley ten' voc' Kyell 
Denton 

Levens maner' 
Kendale baron' membr' 
Lupton Mess' et ten' 



INQUISITIONS FROM HEN. VIII. TO CAR. I. 

Redmayne. 

Edward, 2 Hen. VIII., Yk & West'd., C. Vol. 25, 
No. 3, 117. 
(14 Jan. taken at Kirby in Kendal) Esch. File 

116, No. 3. 
(14 Nov., taken at Wearby, co.York) Esch. File 
217, No. 18. 
Edward, 4 Hy. 8, York. C. Vol, 79, No. igg. 

E. File 218, No. 13. 
(and see Cal. State Papers, Hy. VIII, 
F. & D. Vol. I.) 



26o REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 

Redman, Edward, 6 Hy. 8, York, C. Vol. 79, No. 172. 

(loth Jiuie, taken at Harewood). 

Elizabeth, 22 Hy. 8, York, C. Vol. 51, No. 63. 

Richard, 36 Hen. 8, York, C. Vol. 70, No. 62. 

E. File 241, No. 29. 

,. Richard, Westmorland, C. Vol. 71, No. 73. 

E. File 137, No. 3. 

W. & L. Vol. I, No. 130a. 

„ Thomas, 6 Hen. S, York, C. Vol. 29, No. 25. 

[of'Bossal] E. File 219, No. 13. 

,, William, 30 Hen. 8, York, C. Vol. 60, No. 90. 

E. File 237, No. 21. 

Redman, John, York, 16 Eliz., C. Vol. 169, No. 47. 

[Gressinghara & Fulford] E. File 261, No. z. 

W. & L. Vol. 15, No. 34. 

Redman, Richard, 21 Eliz., C. Vol. 185, No. ya. 

[Gressingham & Fulford] E. File 266, No. gS. 

Redman, John, 43 Eliz., C. Vol. 263, No. 14. 

Redman, WilUam, York, 5 Jas. I., 2 pt. 17. 

(of Thornton in Lonsdale) W. & L. Bun. 8, No. 154. 

Miscellaneous Inquisitions. 

Redman, Chris, (no county), 16 Jas. I., 10' pt. 152. 

William, York, 22 Jas. I., „ 188. 

(of Highleys, Ingleton) 
,, Marmaduke, York, 6 Car. I., 19 pt. 163. 

(of Coldcotes, Ingleton) 

DucATUs Lancastriae Calendarium Inquisitionum 

POST mortem, &C. 

3 Hy. VIII. Edmundus Redmayn, 
Yreby ut de maneriis de j 
Tateham, Hornby, Wray- ^ Messuag' 
ton, Clayhton, Tunstall ' ^' ''^'''■• 

27 Hy. VIII. Thomas Redmayn. 
Ireby, Tunstall, Horneby, 
Wratton infra Mellyng do- 
minium Claghton. 



APPENDIX. 



2i6i 



Hy. VIII. Will'us Redmayn. 
Parva Urswyke maner' \ 
Ulverstone in Fourness 





Claghton 
Overkillet 






Messuag' terr' 
bosc' ect. 






Gressyngham 






CHANCERY 


PROCEEDINGS BETWEEN 1647 and 1714. 




No. 








1694 


302 


Atkinson 


vs 


Redman & Atkinson 


1705 to 1 710 


335 


Redman 


— 


Redman 






Redman 


— 


Cocke 






Redman 


— 


Barell 






Redman 


— 


Sands 


1650 




Redmaine 


— 


Dodsvvortii 






Redmane 


— 


Fairbank 






Read ma u 


— 


Redman 




370 


Readman 


— 


Redman 


1690 to 1700 


284 


Redman 


— 


Hutchinson 








Redman 


_ 


Hutchinson 


■ Vol. 3 






Redman 


— 


Hutchinson 




I70I 


215 


Foster 


— 


Redman 


I69I 




Manning 


— 


Redman 




I69I 




Redman 


— 


Keck 




1691 




Redman 


— 


Manning 


V Vol. 3 


1698 




Redman 


— 


Spencely 




1698 


136 


Scaife 


— 


Redman 






183 


Speiglit 


— 


Redman 




1695 


H9 


Wigg 


— 


Redman 




1694 


433 


Wigg (Thomas)— Redman 




543 


Redman 


— 


Raye 






Redman 


— 


Kocke 






Reedman 


— 


Emerson 


Before 1714 317 


Arcl:,er 


— 


Redman 




3'^3 


Audley 


— 


Ridman 




337 


Condon 


— 


Redman 





262 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 



1699 
170.9 



388 


Kirkley 


— 


Redmane 


523 


Speight 


— 


Redman 


559 


Redman 


— 


Hutchinson 


In Vol. 7 13 


Burraston 


— 


Redman 


Michaelmas, 


1 681. 






239 


Redman 


— 


Ffizer 


314 


Redman 


— 


Hanham, Bart. 


21 


Redman 


— 


Redman 


30 


Redman 


— 


Redman 


54 


Redman 


— 


Pritt, Bart. 


61 


Redman 


— 


Muston 


91 


Redman 


— 


Greenwood 


96 


Redman 


— 


Durdant 


467 (32) Redman 


— 


Traheron 


471.4 


. Redman 


— 


Hanham 


Vol. 9 of Index. Bills & Answers before 1714. Collins. 



Depositions before 1714. CoUins. No. 4 

759. 45. Redman — Redman 
160. 30. Redman — Redman 
Bills & Answers before 1714. Hamilton No. i 

292. 15 Redmayne — Pinckney 



Vol. la. 






Hamilton No. 2 






293.44 Redmaj-ne — 


Chetwynd 








295-31 Redman — 


Ffizer 








296.85 Redman — 


Rawlings 




Vol. 13. 










1663 




64 1 
4561 Readman — 


Edkins 




1664 




462. 70 Redman — 


Edkins 




1680 


- 


Redman — 
164 (Redmayne — 
556 1 Redman — 


Fizer 

Chetwynd 

Waterer 


Page 385 
Page 311 


168 1 4th Pt. 


No. 168 Redman — 


Duck 








„ 560 






Vol. 14 1 
Vol. 15 \ 


Nil. 









APPENDIX. 


263 


Vol. 16 Bills & Answers before 1714. Milford No. i 


3rd Part, No. 85 


Readman — 


Ridall 


6th „ „ 78 


Readman — 


Culverell 


24th „ xxvii. 28 


Redman — 


Oglanderl ^^^ 




Redman — 


Leigh ; ""S 


Vol. 17 B. & A. bi 


sfore 1714. 


Milford No. 2 


85th Pt., 59 


Redman — 


Kempson 


gist „ 


Redman — 


Talbot 


153 


Redman — 


Hassell 


no Pt. 48 


Readman — 


Seaster 


CCC iii. 213"' „ 48 


Redman — 


Kecke 


Vol. 18. B. & A. before 1714. 


Milford 3 


Hilary Term. 


1685. 




CCC. Ixxxii. 33 


Redman — 


Darby 


Vol. 19. 




Milford 4 


No. 






DCXLI. 140th. Pt. 20 


Redman — 


Redman 


Vol. 20. Nil. 




Milford No. 5 


Vol. 21. Depositions 




Milford No. 6 


698. ist Pt. 


Redman — 


Redman 


703 


Redman — 


Redman 


Vol. 22 1 Ni, 
Vol. 23 ." ^''• 






Vol. 24 




Reynardson No. 4 


No. 80. Michaelmas. 1682. 




28. 


Redman — 


Lake 


Bundle No. 86. 






lOI. 


Redman — 


Hornby 


102. 


Redman — 


Redman 


Vol. 25. Nil. 






Vol. 26. 




Reynardson No. 6 


1693. 306. 7. 


Redmayne — 


Redmayne 


1696. 305. 


Redman — 


Pookley 


Vol. 27. Depositions 1 


bef. 1714. 


Reynardson No. 7 


No. 1000. 47th Pt. 


Redman — 


Hutchinson 




Redman — 


Spenceley 



Vol. 28. Single Bills. From 1659 to 1660. 

Bills & Answers before 1714. Whittington No. r 



264 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Single Bills from 1670 to 1671, inclusive. 
No. 478 Henry Redman — Stanton 

No. 517 Single Bills in 1709. Mr. Barnard & Smith 

Redman — Redman & others 

1652. No. 15. AUerton — Redman. Michaelmas 

1655. ist Ft. No. 34. 



Redmaine — Middleton 
Redmayne — Ackroyd 



1655. No. 46, 

Redman — Wilson 
Vol, 29, Bills & Answers before 1714. VVhittington No. 2 
1667. No. loi. 

Redmaine — Maude 
Vol. 30. Bills & Answers for 1688. Whittington No. 3 

No. 335. Redman — Horfall & others 

No. 351. (Ralph) Redmayne — (Eliz'h-) Redmayne, 

widow & others 
1698 to 1707. No. 448. Redmaine — Marshall 

Rodman — Oddy 
Vol. 31. Depositions of Chas. II., James II. & Wm. 3 & A. 

Whittington No. 4 
1648. Jenkins — Redman 

i66g. No. 820. Redmaine — Dodsworth 

903. Lowther — Redman 

Vol. 31. No. 920. Redman — Horsefall 

Vol. 32. Miscellaneous Bills & Answers and Depositions 
before 1714. Nil. 



REGISTER OF GUILD OF CORPUS CHRISTI. 
(SURTEES SOCIETY.) 

1526. Magister Oswald Wylstrop et uxor. 

(Wife Ann or Agnes, d. & co-hr. of Thos. Redman of Bossall). 

Oswald's will proved 2 Apl., 1584, directs that he shall be 

buried at Hammerton. 
1478. Magister Gilb. Redman, Rector. 



APPENDIX. 265 

1545. Magister Joh. Redman et uxor. 

(John Redman of Waterfulford, gent". His wife was Isabel, 
sister of Rd. Vavasour. She was living in 1576. Will 27 
July, 1586. (Yorks. A.S. Record Series.) 

1490. Dom. Jotinnna Redeman. 

1498. Dom. Joh. Redeman. 

1418. Magistra Maria Redeman. 

1439. Dom. Thom. Redeman. 



LIST OF ROMAN CATHOLICS IN THE COUNTY OF 
YORK IN 1604. 

(Ed.: Edward Peacoclc, F.S.A., London, 1872. Rawlinson MSS. 
B. 452). 

Thornton. 

1. Marmaduke Readman, Esqre,, Ann, his wief ; ffrancis Readman 
Margaret his wief; Richard Battye; Anne, wief of William 
Readman; Jeffery Readman; Avelyn, wief of William Read- 
man. 

HoRTON (in Ribblesdale). 

Anne Readman, a recusant ; Ellin, wief of William Readmayne 
(Ingleton). 

Lythe. 
Isabell, wife of Thomas Readman, a " poore gentleman." 



266 



LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. 



Records of the Heralds' College. 

Manuscripts— Addison, Ashburnham, Cotton, Dodsworth, Harleian, 
Lansdowne, Ormonde and Rawlinson. 
„ Parker, at Browsholme Hall. 

Charters at Levens Hall. 
Assize Rolls. 
Close Rolls. 
Charter Rolls. 
Patent Rolls. 
Pipe Rolls. 

Parliamentary Rolls. - ■'■ 

Placita de Quo Warranto. 
Proceedings in Chancery. 
Rotulorum Originalium Abbreviatio. 
Rotuli Scotiae. 

Documents, &c., illustrating the History of Scotland. 
Abbey Chartularies and Coucher Books. 
Historical M.SS. Commission's Reports. 
Calendars of State Papers. 

Parliamentary Writs and Writs of Military Summons. 
Cartae Miscellaneae 
General and Special Liveries. 
Calendarium Genealogicum. 
Exchequer Accounts. 
Wills and Inventories (Surtees Society). 
Durham Records. 
Ducatus Lancastriae. 
Fines. 

Inquisitions post mortem. 
Wills at Somerset House, York, Lancaster, Richmond, &c. 



LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. 267 

Parish Registers-Thornton-in- Lonsdale, lugleton, Bentham, Mell- 

ing, Kirkby Lonsdale, Giggleswick, &c. 
Inscriptions on Brasses and Tombs. 
Domesday Book. 
Rymer's Foedera. 
Heralds' Visitations. 
Monasticon Anglicanum (Diigdale). 
Ancient Rolls of Arms. 
Familiae Min. Gentium. 
Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica. 
Royalist Composition Papers. 
Lanes. & Yorks. Wills and Inventories (Surtees). 
Cheshire Families (Harleian Society). 
Paver's Marriage Licences. 
Register of the Guild of Corpus Christi in York. 
Calendar of Documents, France (Round) 
The Ancestor. 

Remains concerning Britain (Camden) 
Duchetiaaa (Duckett) 
Collectanea Genealogica, &c. 
Testamenta Vetusta (Nicolas). 
National Dictionary of Biography. 
Red Book of Exchequer. 
Testa de Nevill. 
Gentleman's Magazine. 

Chronicles of Froissart, Grafton and Ridpath. 
Battle of Agincourt (Nicolas). 
Battle of Otterbourne (White;. 
Historic Peerage of England (Nicolas). 
Extinct, Dormant, &c.. Peerages (Burke). 
Extinct, Dormant, &c., Baronage (Banks). 
History of the Commoners (Burke). 
Transactions of Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and 

Archaeological Society. 
The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. 
Lancashire and Cheshire Historic Society's Journal. 
The Genealogist. 
The Northern Genealogist. 



268 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 

Histories of Cumberland (Nicolson & Burn, Hutchinson, Housman, 

and Ferguson. 
An Accompt, &c., County of Cumberland (John Denton). 
Description of the County of Cumberland (Sir D. Fleming). 
Allerdale-above-Derwent (Jefferson). 
Workington Hall (Curwen). 
The Gosforth District (C. A. Parker). 
Bowness and its old Glass (Fergusson). 
Histories of Lancashire (Baines, Fishwick). 
Lancashire Pipe iiolls, &c. (Farrer). 

Lancashire Fines (Farrer). _, 

Lancashire Assize Rolls (Col. Parker). 
Lancashire Halls (Phillips). : ,,' 

Furness Annals (Beck). : 

Furness and Cartmel (Jopling). 
Lancashire Famihes (Harleian Society). 

Local Gleanings — Thurland Castle (Roper). > 

Pedigrees of County Families — Lancashire (Foster). 
History of Westmorland (Ferguson.. 
Description of County of Westmorland (Sir D. Fleming). 
Annals of Kendal (Nicholson). 
Levens Hall (Curwen). 
Colonel Grahme (Bagot). 
Sizergh Castle (Lady Edehne Strickland). 
Shappe in Bygone Days (Whiteside). 
Westmorland Church Notes (Bellasis). 
History of Yorkshire (Fletcher). 
History of Craven (Whitaker). 
History of Richmondshire (Whitaker). 
Ducatus Leodensis (Whitaker). 
Loidis et Elmete (Whitaker). 
Craven and N. W. Highlands (Speight). 
Lower Wharfedale (Speight). 
Kirkby-Overblow (Speight). 
History of Harewood (Jones). 
History of Harewood (Jewell). 
Ingleton (Balderstone). 
Pedigrees of County Families— Yorkshire (Foster). 



LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. 269 

Yorkshire Families (Harleian Society). 

The Stapletons of Yorl^shire (Chetwynd-Stapleton). 

Sieges of Pontefract Castle (Holmes). 

Yorkshire Genealogist (Turner). 

Yorkshire Notes and Queries (Turner). 

Wills in York Registry (Record Series, Yorks. A. S.) 

Testamenta Eboracensia (Surtees Society). 

Archbishops' Marriage Bonds (York). 

&c., &c. / , 



270 



INDEX OF PJiKSONS. 



Abingdon, Sir Tlios., 62. 




Banes, Thomas, 55. 


Adam, " tlle Dean," 5, 15, 16, 17, 


18. 


Barberouse !e Grand, 91. 


Addison, 59. 




Barron, Mr. Oswald, F.S.A., 90, 


Adinghara, The Lady, 33. 




236, 237. 


Agnes, relict of Ralph. 67. 




Barton, Thomas, 162, iq6, iqq. 


Albemarle, Earl of, 128, 131. 




Bateman, Thomas, 182. 


Albini, De, 21, 23, 71. 




Bath & Wells, Bishop of, 61. 


Aldeburgh, 133-5. 




Beauchamp, Sir Walter, 85. 


Catherine, 135. 




Beaumont, 76. 


Elizabeth, 68, 74, 80, 81 


t,87, 


Beckwith. Adam, 07. 


88, 117, 119, 134, 135, 155. 




Begham, Abbot of, 120. 


Ivo, 133, ,34, 135. 




Bellasis, Heary. 114. 


Maria, 135. 




Bel lew, John, 10. 


Sibyl, So, Si, 134, 135, 


136. 


Bellingham, 71, 74, 77, 220. 


William, 80, 81, 134, 


135, 


. Alan, 74, 75, 112, 113. 


142, 143, 145. 148. 




Sir Robert, 75, 90, 220. 


Aldgitha, 47- 






Algar, Earl of Mercia, 46, 47 




Benson, 175. 


Amabel (? Stuteville), 32, 33, 34 


, 35, 


Bentley, George, 113. 


237- 




Berchand, 229. 


Andover, Viscount & Viscountess, 


75. 


Berkshire, Earl of. 75. 76. 


Andrewe, Thos., 162. 




Bethom (Bethun, &c.), 3, 15, 23, 31, 


Anne of Cleves, 200. 




49, IQ5- 


Anselm, 2. 




Bindlos, 203. 


Appleyard, Richard, 113. 




Birkbeck, Thomas, 170. 


Archer, Lord, 58. 




Birton, John, 46. 


Argyll, Duke of, 94. 




Blackburn, 163, 164. 


Arneys, 80. 




Blackhoase, R., 204. 


Arundel, 15, 28, qg. 




Bland, Oliver, 229. 


Ashton, Col., 225. 




Blenkensop. Thomas, 51. 


Aske, 107, 108, 164, 239. 




Bohun, Humphrey de. Earl of Essex, 


Atherton, Robt., 113. 




37. 229- 


Atkinson, 114, 203, 204, 214. 




William de. Earl of Northamp- 


Avranches (AverengeJ, Adam, 3, , 


4, 5, 


ton, 53. 


9.11,48. 




Bold, 220, 225. 


Hugh, El. Chester, 6. 




BolHnp, Ed., 113. 




Bolton, Prior of, 143. 


6. 




Boteiler, 30, 51. 


Roland, Lord of Folkest 


one, 


Boulter, Sir John, 141. 


6. 




Bower, 206. 


Vicomtes, 6. 




Boynton, 220, 223. 


William, 23. 




Brackenbury, John, 170. 
Breant, Eulk de, 128, 131. 


Babthorpe, L., 196, 205. 




Bretby, William, 26. 


Bagot, Col. Josceline, 28, 67, 


, 73. 


Bromflete, Sir Plenry, 159. 


75, 76. 




Brown, Agnes, 113. 


Richard, 76. 






Sir Walter, 76. 




Sir Humphrey, 113. 


Baguley, George, 214. 




Browne, John, 204. 


Baines, Robert, 192. 






Baliol, John, 47, 92. 




Bruce, Robert, 42, 43, 44, 92, 134. 


Edward, 133, 134, 145, 149 




Brus, De, 10, Ss! 



INDEX OF PERSONS. 



271 



Burton, 15, 23. 
Bussel, 19, 20. 
Bussey (Busay), 20, 23, 
Butler, Pierce, 209. 

Caisneto, Matilda de, 128. 
Calverley, Isabel, 124, 125, 126. 
Camberton, 26, 46, 47, 234. 
Camden, 142, 150, 236. 
Canslield, 161, igi. 
Carburie, 160. 
Carew Sir George "lo 
Carl le Bishop of 54 
Carr ck 1 arl=^ of 200 
Catreton Thomas de 59 
Chamberhn Robert 114 
Chan bre Ed i 3 
Char res \bbe of i 
Cha er S5 



Chid 



Cromwell, igy, 230. 
Henry, 208. 

Richard, no. 

Croxton, Abbot of, 162. 
Cumberland, Henry, Earl of, iii. 

Elizabeth, daughter of, 11 

Curthorpe, William, 82. 

Curwen (Culwenl. 26, 34, 41, 47. 
CuRWEN, Mr., F.S.A., 72, 76. 

Elizabeth, 160. 

John, 160. 

Sir Patricius, 172. 

Cutler, Elizabeth, 141. 

Sir John, 139, 140, 141, 150. 

Dacre, Hugh de, 5S. 

D'Aincourt (D'tincourt, &c.}, 12, 23 

30, 56- 
Dake, William, son of, 40. 
Danby, 191. 
Darcy, Sir Arthur, 164. 

Lord, 106, 107, 108. 

Dawnay, Sir John, 192, 220, 225. 
Dawson, Roger, 92. 

Dawtry, Frances, 215. 
Daynes, William, 140. 
Denethwayt, Thomas de, 59. 
Denhay, Prioress of, 122. 



Clan art> Par f 


Denton, John, 33, 34. 


Claila f 


Derby, William, larl of, 167. 


Clapham 


Derwentwater. Thomas, 27. 


Clemen 1- 


Devon, l':arl of (De Redvers), 12S, 131. 


• ^ t 4 


Devonshire, Duke of, 94. 


Clifford Kobe t n 43 44 53. 


Devorgil, 47. 


Ro^e 58 59 61 


Deye, 229. 




Diks, 102, '103. 


Cobham Lord 82 


Dodsworth, 152, 170, 171. 


Cocl er and. Abbot of, 35 


Downe, Viscounts, 225. 


Colewell, 37, 124, 126. 


Downes. 176, 1S4. 


Commynge, Robert, 185. 


Drake, Nathan, 167, 168. 


Condar, Agnes, 216. 


Duckett IDuketl, Elizabeth, 93. 


Constable, Kathe, 163. 




Sir Robert, 163. 


Henry, 123. 


Conyers, Chris., 190. 


Sir Lionel, loi. 


Isolda, 39, 49. 


Richard, 89, 91, 159. 


James, &c., 192. 


Thomas, 93. 




William, loi. 


Kobtrt, 4. 5. 30. 31. 39, 49- 


Duncan, King of Scotland, 47. 


Conyston, Ralph, 114. 


Earl of Moray, 47. 


Cornthwayt, Roger, 35. 


Durham, Bishop of, 64, 65. 


Cornubia, John de, 40, 45. 




Cornwall, Earl of, 50. 


Edward IV., 69. 


Coulton, Posthumus, 191. 


Edwin, Earl, 10, 46. 


Couplaiid, 3, 24, 29, 67, 234. 


Egremont, Boy of, 128, 129. 


Courcy, Alice, 128, 130, 131, 132, 152. 


Eldred, 10, 47- 


Robert, 128, 130, 152, 


Elfleda, 47. 


William, 128, 130. 


Elgyfa, 47. 


Courtney (Courtenay), 23, 24, 128. 


Ellel Grimbald & Sueneva, 5. 


Cowen, 216. 


Eltham, John de. Earl of Cornwall, 50. 


Cowper, William, 103. 


Ely, Bishop of, 234- 


Crinan, 47. 




Croft, 2, 39. 51. 


Prior of, 122. 



272 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 



Etheldreda, 47. 
Ethelred II., 46, 47. 
Everingham, Eleanor, 118. 

Sir Henry, 118. 

Ewyas, John de, 40. 

Exeter, Bishop of, Dr. O. King, 

Dr. Redman, 119-123 

Eyre, Ann and Thomas, 165. 

Fairfax, Col., i6g. 

Falconberge, W. de, 10. 
Farrer, Mr. W., 2, 4, 33. 
Favel, 228, 229, 232, 233. 
Fenwick, John, 1S2. 
Fergus, Lord of Galloway, 47. 
Ferrers de. Earls of Derby, 92. 



Matilda 



135- 



Fitz Adam, William, 40. 
Fitz Duncan, Alicia 12S. 

William, 47, 128, 129. 

Fitz Geoffrey, Robert, 23, 
Fitz Gerald, Alexander, 128. 

Henry, 128. 

Margery, 128, 131. 

Warine, 128, 131, 133, 152. 

Fitz Hall, Thomas, 40, 

Fitz Hugh, Eleanor, 159, 220, 221. 

Henry, Lord, 67, 159, 196, 



197, 220, 221. 

Sir John,' 66. 

William, Lord, 159. 

Fitz Reinfrid, Christina, 23. 
Gilbert Fitz R., 10, 15, ig, 20, 

21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 29, 48. 

Roger, 21. 

Fitz Simon, Simon, 23. 

Fleetwood, 209, 210. 

Flemyng, John, 198. 

Fletcher, 109, 165. 

Forbes, Col. William, 168, 169, 171,207. 

Fortibus, de, 131, 132. 

Fossa, Michael de, 23. 

Foxcroft, 173, 190. 

Froissart, 62, 63. 

Furness, Abbot of, 33, 161, 198. 

Michael de, 24. 

Gamel, son of Levin, 18. 

Gardener, 160. 

Gardiner, Bishop, 200. 

Gargrave, Thomas, no. 

Garnett (Garnet), 15, 16, 17, 29, 190. 

Gascoigne, io6. 

Bridget, 114, 

104, 105, 109, no, 156. 

Margaret, 137. 

Marmaduke, loi, 137. 

Sir William, 86, 95, loi, 102, 

103, 106, 109, 114, 137, 156. 



Gernat(e), 13. 
Gerrard, Sir William, 182 
Gibbonson, Thomas, r6i. 
Giffard, Osbert, 23. 
Gilbert, 10, 19. 
Girlington, Sir John, 226. 
Glendower, Owen, 122. 
Gloucester, Duke of, 95. 
Glover, 147, 154. 
Goderich, Viscount, 213. 
Godith(a), lo, 46. 
Godwin, Earl, 70, 
Gospatric, 30, 47. 



47- 



60. 



Grahn 



75. 76, 77- 
Grantham, Lord, 213. 
Greenbancke, Robert, 203, 
Gregory, 60, 114. 
Greue, 87, 160. 

Grenside, Rev. W. B., M.A., 187, 
Gresley, Robert de, 48. 
Grey, 62, 65, 66. 

Greystock(Graystock, &c.) Amabel, 34, 
Sir Herbert, 95. 



237- 



Ranulf, 34. 

Thomas, 33, 34. 

WiUiam, 33, 34, 56, 67, 237. 

Grindal, Archbishop, 124, 

Gros, Wm. le (Earl of Albemarle), 128. 

Grosvenor, 69, 213, 215, 

Guarinus, 8. 

Guillim, 236, 

Guldiffre, 128, 130. 

Gundreda, 10. 

Guniida, 46, 47. 

Gynes, Ingeham de, 45. 

Haliburton, William, 80. 
Hammerton, John, 164. 

Henry, 162, 164. 

Margaret, 164. 

Richard, 164. 

Sir Stephen, 95, 162, 164. 

Hardye, R., 165. 
Hardyng, John, 65. 
Harewood, Lords of, 128. 

Harold, the Englishman, 70. 
Harrington, 33. 

Isabel, 219, 220. 

Sir James, 221. 

John, 34, 58. 

Sir Nicholas, 219, 220. 

Robert, 34, 47. 

Thomas, 100. 

Hasting-, Thomas de, 30. 



INDEX OF PERSONS. 



Helton, Sir Thomas, 62. 
Henry HI., ng. 

Vni, 224. 

Heton (Heaton), 17, 18, ig. 

Hewitt, Elizabeth, 175, 177, 178, 179. 

Heysham, Richard, 30. 

Hieland (see Yealand). 

Hobart, Sir James, 123. 

Holme, Canon of York, 84. 

Holond, Robert de, 42. 

Honorius, Archdeacon of Richmond, 

19- 
Hornby, Prior of, 162. 
Hotspur, 62, 79, 80, 83. 
Houlme, Christopher, 194. 
Howard, Earl of Berkshire, 75. 

Sir Edward, 222, 223. 

Huctred, son of Osiilf, 12. 
Huddleston, Sir John, loi, 103, 104, 

105. 

Richard, ig8. 

Hugh, the Hermit, 11. 
Hughes, 241. 
Hume, Lord, 222. 
Hungerford, Sir VV., 85. 
Hutton, 171. 



Ingleby, John de, 82. 
Insula, de (see Lisle). 
Ireby, 15, 47. 55- 
Irton, no, 231. 
Isolda (de Croft), 39, 49. 

Jackson, H., 124, 126- 



Jewell, 144, 151. 
Joan, 47. 

Johannes Clericus, 2. 
Johnson, 191. 
Jones, 22, 154. 
Jordan, 2. 

Kellet, 15, 16, ig. 
Kendal, Barons of, 2, 3, 
Kent, Earl of, 114, 133. 
Ketel, 10, 14, 15, 16, 47. 
King, 142. 
Kirkby, 23, 25, 30. 

Irleth, II. 

Kirkebrid, Richard, S3. 
KnoUes, Sir Robert, 58. 
Knowles, John, 181. 



Lambert, Josias, in. 

Samuel, in, icjo, 192. 

William, 217. 

Lamplugh, 165, 197. 
Lancaster, Earl of, 44. 

Duke of, 60, 132, 221. 

Dean of (Adam), 17,1! 

de, Alice, 10. 



Gilbert, 2, 3, 10, 15, 20, 

Helwise, 2, 10, 19, 21, 22. 

John, 41, 50. 

Jordan, 10. 

Roger, 3, 10, 36. 

Serota, 10. 

Warinus, 9, 10. 

William I., (Baron of 

ndal), 3, 8, 10, 39. 

■William H., (Baron of 



Kendal) 



• Wi 



n, 19, 21,71 
IIL, (Baron 



of 



Kendal), 10, 23, 30, 31, 41. 
Langleys, William, 51. 
Lascelles, 141, 142. 
Latham, 31. 
Laud, Archbishop, 138. 
Lawson, Sir Wilfrid, 231. 

William, 231. 

Layton, Anthony, 108. 

Dorothy, log, no, 

Edward, 187. 

Grace, log, 187, 202. 

Richard, 109. 

William, log, 187. 

Leadall, B., 214. 
Leadbitter, Grace, 116, 118. 
Leake, 206. 

Leek, 227. 

Leeds, Duke of, 94. 

Leigh, Ehzabeth, loi, 104, 105, : 

Thomas, 231. 

Leighfield, John, 114. 
Leinster, Duke of. 94. 
Levin, 18. 

Lewis, Sir John, 139, 140, 150. 
Leybourne (Leyburn), 23, 41, 43 
235- 



Elizabeth, 



133, 



134, 135, 142, 



143- 



John, Lord, 132, 135, 143, 153. 

Robert, Lord, 132, 133, 135. 

Lowther (Lowdar), 12, 198. 

Lucia, daughter of Algar, Earl of 

Mercia, 10, 46, 47. 
Lucy, 53, 67, 68, 69. 
Lulls, George, 140. 
Lullson, Jennet, 191. 
Lumley, 62, 69. 

Machell, 240. 

Malcolm H., King of Scotland, 46, 47. 
2 N 



274 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 



Malcolm III., King of Scotland, 47. 
Maldred, 47. 

Mansergh, 15, 206, 213, 215. 
March, Earls of, 47. 
Mariota, 46. 
Marmion, 221, 222, 223. 
Marshal, John, 23, 92. 
Mary, Queen of Scots, 115. 
Maude, 141. 
Maulay, 23, 14S, 149. 
Mawde, Edward, 113. 
Mayer(s), 182. 183, 209. 
Mayler, 211. 

Memecester, David de, 15. 
Mercia, Earl of, 46, 47- 
Meschines, William, Earl of Cam- 
bridge, 128, 129. 
Metcalfe, 196, 211, 213. 
Middleton (Midelton), 3, 92, 93. 

Christopher, 159, 160. 

Sir Geoffrey, 162. 

George, 220, 225. 

John, 162, 198, 199, 220. 



Sir Willi 



. 93- 



Monk, Gen., 20S. 

Monteagle, William, Lord, 167. 

Montgomery, Roger, 70. 

Moray (Murray), Earl of, 47, 129. 

Morcar, Earl, 10, 46, 70. 

More, Sir Thomas, 224. 

Moriceby (Morisbe, &c.), i, 12, 55 

Morland, 12. 

Morley, 162, 189, 192. 

Morris, 140, 169. 

Morville, Hugh, 10, 12, ig. 

Mountenay, Thomas de, 43. 

Mowbray, Sir Alexander, 156. 

Elizabeth, 154, 156. 

Nigel, 49, 71, 86. 

Multon, 10, 23, 34. 
Musgrave, 92, 93. 
Mustel, Robert de, 2. 



Nevi: 



Ali( 



197. 



John (of Raby), 61. 

Margaret, Lady, 119. 

Ralph, Earl of Westmorland, 

119. 

Sir Robert, 220. 

Newark, Bishop, 235. 

Dorothy and Peter, 215. 

Newton, Thomas, 203, 204. 
Nicholson, 183, 235. 

Norfolk, Duke of, 69, 94, 95, 108. 
Northumberland, Earl of, 59, 60, 61, 



Norwich, Bishop of, 61, 229. 

Dr. W. Redman, i: 

Nyandsergh, John de, 54. 



Ogle, 62, 66. 
Oglethorpe, 114. 
Oley, Rev. B., 173. 
Orme, 46, 47. 
Ormond, Earl of, 91. 
Osulf, 12. 
Otway, 206, 207. 

Paganel, William, 128. 
Page, Mr. J. T., 217. 
Palton, 54. 

Parker, Col. John (ot Browsholme), 
12, 32, 120, 157, 159, 202, 239. 

Christopher (Radholme), 187. 

Edward, 175. 

Robert (Marley), 211. 

Dr., Archbishop Canterbury, 



Parkins 



225. 



15, 224- 



90. 



Norton, John, 198. 



91. 



Patric (son of Gospatric), 30. 
Patrickson, 165, 166, 183, 229. 
Pennington, i, 90. 220. 
Pepin, Roger, 30. 
Percy, 42, 62, 79, 91, 95. 
Philip, the Marshal, 25. 
Pickering, 154, 160. 
Pigott, III, 114. 
Pilkington, Alice, loi, 103. 
Pipard, Gilbert, 128. 
Plantagenet, 69, 132. 
Pleysington, John, 113. 
Plumpton, William, 114. 
Poictou, Roger of, 70. 
Pointon, Alexander de, 23. 
Poplington, Hugo, de, 15. 
Premontr^, Simon of. 120. 

Hubert, of, 121. 

Preston, Elizabeth, 96. 

John, 94, 96, 161. 

Richard, 54. 

Thomas, 94, 102. 

Proctor, Thomas, l6r. 
Pudsay, Sir Ralph, 220. 

Radcliffe, Elizabeth, 220, 225. 

Sir John, go, 220. 

Sir William, 220, 225. 

Radnor, Earl of, 141. 

Elizabeth, Countess of, 

Randall, Isabel, 216. 

Ranulph, Earl of Chester, 21, I2( 

Rede, Robert, 103. 

Reder, Thomas, 163. 

Redman, Redmayne, &c. 
Abigail, 209. 
Adam, 42, 45, 46, 48, 50, 51, 52 



INDEX OF PERSONS. 



275 



Redman, Redmayne, &c. 
Afra, 124, 125. 

Agnes, 35, 161, 194, 211, 213, 216. 
Alan, 228. 

Alice, 103, 118, 165, 194, 214, 217. 
Ann, no, in, iiS, 124, 126, 192. 
Aym6, 97. 

Benedict, 5, 23, 24, 25, 29. 
Brian (of Bossall), iiS. 

(of Gressingham), 186. 

(of Ireby), 187, 212. 

(Captain), 235. 
Catheiine, 163, 1S4. 
Charles (York), 214. 
Christian, 215. 
Christiana, 212. 
Christopher, 191, 192, 228. 
Cuthbert, 109, no, 115-116, 118, iig. 
Daniel, Col., 207, 20S, 209. 
Dorothy, 118. 

Edmund, 159, 186, 1S7, 216. 
Edward, Sir, 74, 93, 96, 97, 98-106, 

113- 
Edward (Gressingham), 211, 212, 

215, 240. 
Edward, 229. 
Eleanor, 118, 

Elizabeth, 51,82,83,84,86,94,96, 
102, 118, 119, 124, 125, 175. 176-9. 
20S, 209, 214, 215. 

Ellen, lOi, 192, 211, 218. 

Ellinor, 116, 20S, 209, 213, 215. 

Emmot. 56. 

Felicia, 69. 

Frances, 190. 

Francis, 109, no, 118, 163, 164, 165, 
215. 

Francis, (Ireby), 190, 191, 192. 

Gabriel (Ireby), 191, 192. 

Geoffrey, 161, 162, 196, 199, 229. 

George, 96. 

(Berwick), 196, 202, 203, 204, 



Redman, Redmayne, &c. 
James (Thornton), 162,193,216, 
(Twisleton), 196, 199, 



George (Ireby), 



189, 190, 191 



Giles, 160, 183, 197, 226, 229. 

Grace, no. 

Hardres, 124, 125. 

Helen, 22, loi. 

Henry I., 4, 5, 13, 14-28, 48, 73, 79. 

179. 
Henry II., 32, 35, 36-37, 39. 
Henry (Harevvood), loi, 102, 103, 

104, 105, 137. 
Henry, 37, 45, 46, 230. 
Hugh, 172, 183, 229. 
Ingram, 35. 
Isabel, 116, 118, 125, 206, 211, 213, 

215. 
James (Kirkby Lonsdale), 206, 208. 
(London), 216. 



192. 



52, 1S5, 190, 191. 
Joan (Fitzhugh), 67, 68, 78, 215. 
(of Harevvood), 89, loi, 102 

104, 105, 106, 137. 
John, 26, 51, 87, 96, 124, 125, 126 

214, 217, 230, 241. 
John, Doctor, 124, 196, 198, 199-201 

216, 226. 
John (Fulford), 2n, 212, 213, 214, 

John, Sir (Thornton), 166, 167, 169, 

170, 171, 174, 177, 178, 183, 207. 
John (Thornton), 158, 159, 161, 162, 

163, 164, 165, 170, 173, 174, 175, 

177. 185. 216. 
John (Twisliton), 195, 196, 197. 
Juliana, 35. 
Lucy, 67, 78, 212. 
Lydia, 228, 233. 

Magdalen, loi, 102, 103, 104, 105. 
Margaret, 51, 55, 56, 96, 97, no, 124, 

126, 162, 163, 164, 179, 184, 185, 

194, 204, 206, 2n, 212, 213, 215. 
Marie, 163. 
Marmaduke, 231. 
Marmaduke (Berwick), 196, 202, 203, 

204, 210. 
Marmaduke (Ireby), 191, 192, 210. 
Marmaduke (Thornton), 163, 164, 

165, 166, 1S5, 200, 2IO, 211. 
Martha, 215. 
Mary, 124, 125, 168, 169, 171, 178, 

191, 192, 214. 
Matilda (Maud), no, 162, 196, 199, 

216, 230. 
Matthew, 44, 45, 56 (Carlisle), 68, 

231. 
Matthew, Sir (I.) (Levens), 3, 4, 5, 

19, 20, 27, 29-34, 79. 237. 
Matthew, Sir (II.) (Levens), 31, 32, 

37. 38-47. 228. 
Matthew, Sir (III.) (Levens), 46, 53- 

56. 97. 158. 
Matthew, Sir (IV.) (Levens), 46, 53, 

56, 57-69. 76. 78. 79. 134, 237. 
Matthew, Sir (V.) (Harewood), 83, 

84, 89, 90-1, 92, 96, 159, 220, 221. 
Matthew (VI.) (Harewood), 74, 109, 

Matthew, Sir (Fulford) 212, 213, 215. 
Matthew, Sir (Batt Sark), 90, 91. 
Matthew (Thornton), 159. 
Nicholas, 13, 35. 
Norman (I.) (Levens), 3, 4, 5, 8-13, 

15, 16, 17, 48, 73- 
Norman, 25, 26, 159, 230, 231, 234. 



276 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 



Redman, Redmayne, &c. 
Oswald, 185. 
Ralph, 8, 174, 175, 176, 177. 178, 179. 

180-2, 232. 
Randle, 35. 

Rebecca, 171, 17S, 206. 
Richard (I.), Sir (Harewood), 69, 74, 

78-89, 92, 96, 117, 119, 134, 135. 

155- 
Richard (II.), Sir, 87, 90, 91-94, 96, 

117, iig. 
Richard (III.), loi. 102, 103, 104. 

105, 107-111, 190, 192. 
Richard (Bossall), 83, 84, 87, 89, 92, 

117, 118. 
Richard (Bishop of Ely), 117, 1 19-123. 

(Fulford), 211, 212, 213, 215. 

(Thornton) 160, 161,162, 163, 

164, 166, 174. 175. 176, 177. 178, 
183, 198, 210, 211, 2l5. 

Richard, 93, 96, 109, no, 164, 217, 

232,233, 241. 
Robert, 215, 232. 

Sir, 232. 

Roger, 53, 194. 234. 
Sarah, 124, 125, 206. 

(Lady), i6g, 170, 172, I73. 

174, 176, 177. 183. 

Simon, Sir, 233. 
Thomas, 233, 234. 

B.D., 196. 202. 

(son of Henry I.), 25, 26, 

27, 54- 

(Berwick), 202, 203, 204. 

(Bossall), 115, 117, 118. 

(Fulford), 176. 

(Ireby), 109, 186, 1S7, i83, 

202, 212. 

(Newton), 116, 118. 

(Thornton), 91, 159, 160, 

162, 163, 165, 186, 195, 211, 2l5. 

Waldeve, 26. 

Walter, 93, 96, 234. 

Watkinson, 214. 

William, 22, 26, 45, 46, 50, 96, no 

n6, 163, 231, 232, 234, 235. 
■ Sir, 56, 93, 94-97. 98, 100 

(Great Shelford), 124, 125 

126. 

(Ireby), 108, no, in, 187 

188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 202 
210, 220, 225. 

(London), 216. 

(Bishop of Norwich), 123- 

126, 241, 242. 

— (Thornton), 159, 160, 166, 

167, 168, i6g, 170, 171, 185, 216. 

(Twisleton) 102, 104, 195 

196, 197, 198, 199, 202, 204, 205, 
220, 224, 226, 234- 



III., 98, 99. 

Duke of York, 95. 

son of Alard, 2. 

sonofWaldieve, 17. 

Richmond, Duke of, 94. 

Rigby, Col., 226. 

Ripon, Lord, 213. 

Rither (see Ryther). 

Robinson, 2n, 213, 215, 216, 229. 

Rockingham, Marquis of, 89. 

Roger, 16, ig. 

Archbishop, 152. 

Rohaise, 21. 

Rokesby, Sir Thomas, 84. 

Romelli, Alice, 47, 12S, I2q, 130. 

Avice, 128, 129, 130, 152. 

Cecily, 128, 129. 

Matthew, 128, 129. 

Ralph, 128, 129. 

Robert, 127, I2i 

Rocs, 10, 69, 82, 87, 231. 
Rosse. 191. 
Rougemont, Lisle de (set 



129, 151 



Lisle). 



(York), 214. 



Rou 

Rushworth, John, 140. 
Rysheworthe, Alexander, 113. 
Ryther (Ryder, Rithre), 106, 107, 114, 
135, 136. 

William, 80, 81, 82, 87, 113, 

114, 134, 135, 136. 

St. Asaph, Bishop of, 119-123. 
St. Radegund's, Abbot of, 120. 
Sandford, Robert, 50, 22S. 
Savage, Archbishop, 103. 
Saville, J., 192. 
Scarborough, Earl of, 6g. 
Scargill, 188, 220, 225. 
Scots, Mary, Queen of, 115. 
Scrope, Archbishop, 86. 

(of Bolton and Masham), 69, 

98, 115, 117, 118, 205. 

See de la, 223. 

Selby, 172, 176. 

Selside (Sillcet), 12. 

Seymour, Jane, loi. 

Shap, Abbot Redman of, 120, 121. 

Sherman, Robert, 103. 

Shyreburne, Robert de, 35. 

Simnel, Walter, 122. 

Simon of Premontre, 120. 

Skelton, Adam de, 35. 

Sopham, Prioress of, 122. 

Sotheby, Mary, 214. 

Southaic, Gilbert, 47. 

Southworth, 187, 211, 212. 

Speight, Mr. H., 142, 146, 152, 193, 

232. 
Spencer, Sir Thomas, 58. 
Stables, 214. 



INDEX OF PERSONS. 



277 



Stanes, John, io8. 


Tunstall, Alice, 90, 220. 




Staniforth, Samuel, 214. 


Anne, 220, 225. 




Stanley, 186, 222, 235. 


Brian, 220. 




Stapleton, Sir Brian, 80, 81, 84, 87, 88, 


— Brian, Sir, loS, 188, 197 


198. 


95. 134. 13.5- 












EUzabeth, 150. 


Cuthbert, Dr., iSS, 197, 


198, 


Joan, loi, 162, 164. 


201, 204, 220, 224-6. 








225. 


Sir Miles, loi'. 


Francis, isS, 220, 227. 




Robert, 114. ^ 






Staveley, Dorothy, 206. 


Isabel, III, 188, i8g. 


190, 


Stivetoc, Elias de, 20. 


191, 192, 210, 220, 225. 




Stodelay, John, 103. 




21. 


Story, Dr., 144- 


John, 42, 109. 




Strafford, Earl of, Sg, 127, 137, 139, 


Margaret, 196, 197, 202 


204, 


140, 150, 154. 


220, 226, 234. 




Stray, Thomas, 102, 103. 


Marmaduke, 108, 162, 




Strickland, i, 3, 94, 96, 161. 


192, 220, 223, 225. 




Cecily, 195, 196, 197. 






Sir Thomas, 94, 96, 97, 


Richard, Sir, 220, 221. 




195, 196. 


Robert, 96, 220. 




(Sir) Walter, 23, 30, 45. 54, 


Thomas, Sir, 42, 90, 


159, 


80, 94, 100, 108, 161. 


196, 197, 219, 220, 221, 223. 




Sturnell, Thomas, 234. 




221, 


Stuteville, Amabel, 32-35. 


224. 




Hawisia, 12. 


Twisleton, John, of, 55, 15S. 




Helwise, 10, 34. 


Tvvysday, Thomas, 93. 




Joan, 33, 35. 

Nicholas, 12, 33, 35- 






Ughtred, 14, 15, 16, 47. 




• Robert and William, 12. 


Ulest, Phihp de, 49. 




Sulby, Prior of, 121. 


Ulverstone, Waldeve of, 17-18. 




Surrey, Lord, 222, 223. 


Umphreville, 62, 63, 66. 




Sutherland, Duke of, 94. 


Urban, V., Pope, 134. 




Sutton, 134, 135. 148. 






Syngelton, Gilbert, 35- 


Vavasour, 82, 196, 200, 205. 





Tailbois, Ivo, 10, 46, 47. 

Talbot, Thomas, 1S3. 

Tatham, 17, 18, 20, 179, 182, 183, 194. 

Tempest, Sir Richard, loi. 

Sir Thomas, 235. 

Terham, Abbot of, 123. 
Thirkekeld, William, 79. 
Thirlby, Dr., Bishop of Ely, 202. 
Thomas, 47. 

Son of Gospatrick, 11, 47. 

Thoresby, 141. 

Thornburgh, 54, 95, 123, 232. 

Throckmorton, Dr., 198. 

Thwaites, William, iiS. 

Thweng, 10, iiS. 

Tocotes, Roger, 99. 

Tompkinson (Tompson), 211, 213, 215. 

Topping, Thomas, 181. 

Torenthoru, Thomas, 15. 

Torrell, Christopher, 124, 126. 

Tosti, Earl of Northumberland, 70. 

Traches, William, 128. 

Travers, Richard, 110. 

Trimble, 11. 

Tunstall, 219-227. 

Agnes Grace, 226. 



Veer, de 

Venour. John le, 26, 27. 

Vescy, Lord, 159. 

Veteripont (Vipont), 19, 25, 34, 43, 47. 

Wake, 33, 34, 35- 
Waldieve, 17, 18, 179. 
Walker, Roger, 191. 
Wallace, 41,91. 
Waller, William, 214. 
Waltheof, 47. 
Warren, de, S, 10, 41, 128. 
Warwick, Earl of, 10. 
Watson, 164. 
Welbeck, Abbot of, 120. 
Wentworth, 95, 137, 139, 198. 

Sir Thoma.s, 89, 137, 198. 

West, Lord de la Warr, 203. 
Westminster, Duke of, 94. 
Westmorland, Ralph, Earl of, 119. 
Weston, Canon, 72. 
Whalley, Thomas, 230. 
Wharton, 162, 171. 
Whitaker, Dr., 153, 154. 
Whittington, 196, 202, 204, 210, 235. 
Wildman, 176, 184. 
Wile, 178, 179. 



278 REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HAREWOOD. 



Willi; 



70. 



Son of Waldeve, 18, 20. 

Wilson, Rev. James, M.A., 34, 55. 

Richard, 204. 

Wilstrop, 115, 118. 

Windsor (Wyndesore), 20, 23, 25, 68. 

Wodehouse, Robert, 53. 

Wolsey, Cardinal, 106, 197, 224. 

Wood, John, 189. 

Wordsworth, 129, 130, 229. 

Wrythe, 8S. 

Wycliffe, Richard, 205. 

Wyndham (Wymondham), Abbot of, 

123- 

Wyntown, Andrew of, 66. 
Wythes, Edward, 116. 



Yealand (Yeland, &c.), 4, 5, 

67. 
Adam, 3,4, 5, 20, ; 

48, 49. 51- 

Alice, 4.5,49- 

Norman, 3, 4, 5, 48, 

Roger, 4. 5. i3, 15. 2 

Yetts, Thomas, 181. 
Ykleton, Prioress of, 122. 
York, William, Abbot of, 2; 

Archbishop of, 107. 

Roger, Archbishop of, 

Zouche, 115, 118. 



29, 40, 49, 

:3, 31. 39. 



279 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Acreynges, 115. 

Agincourt, 85, 94, 195, 212, 219. 
Aldeburgh Church, 135. 
Allerdale-below-Derwent, 129. 
Altar-plate, Thornton, 181. 
Alwoodley, 127, 141. 
Amounderness, 17. 
Ancestor, The, 34, 90. 
Angerton, 67. 
Appleby, 25, 109, 240. 
Appleton Nunnery, 135. 

Aldeburgh, 144, 145, 147, 149, 154, 

241. 
Baliol, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149. 
Bellingham, 240. 
Bindloss, 203. 
Bordesley, 147. 
Brisbane, 239. 
Bruce, of Annandale, 239. 
Clavell, 155. 
Constable, 147. 
Daincourt, 147. 
Dunbar, 239. 
Ellis, 155. 
Ely, See of, 123. 
Exeter, See of, 123. 
Fleming, 240. 
Franke, 155. 
Galloway, 147. 
Gascoigne, 154, 155. 
Grauncester, 147. 
Greystock, 236-9. 
Harrington, 240. 
Heaton, 155, 
Huddleston, 147, 240. 
Hutton, 239. 
Kirkpatrick, 239. 
Leybourne, 240. 
Lisle, De, 153-4. 
Lucy, 68. 
Manston, 154-5. 

Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, 240. 
Mauley, 148-g. 
Middleton, 240. 
Moray, 239. 
Mowbray, 154. 
Musgrave, 240. 



Ne 



155- 



Preston, 240.1. 

Redman, 36, 73, 85, 123, 126, 147, 
154, 155. 162, 184, 2IO, 217, 236- 
242. 

Ross, 147. 

Rylstone, 155. 

Ryther, 136, 147, 154, 241. 

Selby, 172, 174. 

Southworth, 240. 

Stapleton, 154. 

Sutton, 145, 147, 149, 154. 

Thwayts, 154-5. 

Thweng, 147, 240. 

Tillsolf, 149. 

Tunstall, 219. 

Urswick, 240. 

Vipont, 146-7. 

West, 203. 

Wunhale, 236. 
Arnside, 72. 

Arthington, Convent, 131. 
Assepatrick (Aspatria), 27, 67, 68. 
Attercliffe, 214. 
Austwick Manor, 162. 

Ballilinck, 209, 

Ballinabole, 208. 

Bannockburn, 44. 

Baugy, Battle of, 69. 

Bennyngburge, 212. 

Bentham, 108, 160, 191, 205, 229. 

Berwick, 43, 60, 61, 78. 

Biddleston, 172. 

Birthwaite (see Braythwayt). 

Black Friars, Church of (York), 88. 

Blencogo, 79, 87, 93, 117. 

Blencrake, 231, 234. 

Bolton Priory, 130, 153. 

Church, St. Mary, 131. 

Bondgate, 114. 

Borrowbye, 115, 116. 

Borwick (Bewick), igg, 202, 203. 

Hall, 203, 204. 

Bossall, 89, 115, 116, 117-119. 
Bosworth, Battle of, 99. 
Bourbourg, 61. 
Bramham Moor, 84. 

Braythwayt, Brythwaith, &c., 55, 67, 



28o REDMANS OF LEVENS AND HA RE WOOD. 



Broad Elves, 141. 
Broughton Church, 162. 
Br}'gster, 109. 
Burgh-in-Lonsdale, 219. 
Burgundy, Duchy, 57. 
Burneside, 71, 72, 74. 
Burton-in-Kendal (Church), 241. 

Lonsdale, 167, 171, 177, 190, 

191, 198, 205. 
Byland, 20, 79. 

Caldre, 21, 34. 
Caldwich, 210. 
Caley, loi. 
Calton, no, in. 
Camberton, 26, 46. 
Cambridge Castle, 132. 
Cambus-Kenneth, 41. 
Cancefield, 219. 
Canterbury, 124, 125, 
Carlaverock, 135. 
Carleton, 12, 32, 33, 34, 81, 112. 
Carlisle, 37, 54, 58, 79, 80, 82. 

• Castle, 54, 79. 

Carnarvon, 221. 

Cartmel, 20. 

Carucate, 70. 

Charter, Great, 22, 

Chester, 19, 20, 21, 224. 

Chideoke (Shideoke), 99, 100. 

Claughton, 187, 198. 

Claxton, 115, 116. 

Clifford, 191. 

Cockersand, 4, 30, 37, 121, 230. 

Coleshill, Battle, 130. 

Coneswic, 19. 

Conishead, 19. 

Coniston Manor, 198. 

Conway Castle, 221. 

Copeland, 129. 

Coroner (Lancashire), 31,32. 

Crecy, 54, 132, 136. 

Crests, Redman, 174, 242. 

Crosthwaite, 15. 

Crusades, 8. 

Cunsvvick, 190. 

Dalmain (Dalemayn, &c.),'i09, 187. 

Denis, St, (York), 241. 

Domesday ,70, 127. 

Drigg (Dregg), 12, 32, 33, 34. 

Dumfries, 81, 127, 140, 141. 

Dunfermline, 133. 

Dunkeswick, 81, 127, 140, 141. 

Durham, 22. 

Dyghton, 82. 

Dymouthe, 46. 

Earle, 172. 
Edinburgh, 134. 
Egremund (Egremont), 67, 68. 
Ely Cathedral, 122, 123. 
Embleton, 55. 



Embsay Priory, 129. 
Ewecross, 158. 

Falkirk, 41. 

Faringley, 43. 

Ffostvvayts, 109. 

Fleetwood Colony, 210. 

Flintham, loi. 

Flodden, loS, no, 163, 186, 197, 222, 

223. 
Foxholes, 115. 116, 
Frebank, 230. 
Friar Preachers' Church (York), 88, 

149. 
Fulford, 176,211,215. 
Fulston, 235. 
Furness, 21, 30, 33. 
Furness Abbey, 20, 32, 33, 225. 
Fylinge, 116. 

Galloway, 145. 
Gallows Hill, 146. 
Garter, Knights of, 132. 
Gatesalfurth, 212, 
Gatesfulfurth, 212. 
Gawthorpe, 86, 101,114, 141. 

Hall, 137, 138, 140, 141. 

Glanmagorn, 209. 

Grace, Pilgrimage of, 107, 164, 225. 

Grayrigg, 91, 93. 

Graysouthen, 26. 

Great Shelford, 124, 241. 

Gressingham, 109, 205, 211, 2iz. 

Greta Bridge, 121. 

Greystoke, 109, 235, 238. 

Haddington, 134. 
Hailinethait, 11. 
Halsteads, 179, 180, 182. 
Halton, 206. 
Hamerton, 164. 
Hampton Court, 76. 
Harewood Castle, 74, 80, 82, 104, 106, 
no, n2, n3, 114, 139, 140, 142-151. 
Church, 102, 141, 151-6. 



137. 



88, 97. 104, 105, 107, 

n4, 127-142. 

Village, 150, 

Harfieur, 195. 
Harlech Castle, 221. 
Harrow, 199, 224. 
Hartley Castle, 93. 
Haslewood, 82. 
Hazelslack, 72. 
Hawthornthwayt, 18. 
Healthwaite, 131. 
Helicourt Castle, 145. 
Hellifield Manor, 164. 
Helsington, 45, n3. 
Hencaster (see Hincaste 
Henshill, 104. 



GENERAL INDEX 



Heppa (see Shap). 

Hetherwood, 114. 

Hetherycke, 113. 

Heversham, 16, 56, 80,95,97, loS, 1 

Hexham iBattle), 89. 

Hildriston, 4. 

Hincaster, 92, 104, 113, 117, 229. 

Hind Castle, 74, 109, 112. 

Hinton, 104. 

Holehows, 55. 

Holracultram, 234. 

Holmescales, 41. 

Holynhall (HoUyng Hall), 104, 1 

140. 
Hornby, 187, igo. 

Castle, 162, 186, 220, 226. 

Horsforth, 81. 
Hotone, 230. 
Hospital of Jerusalem, 8, 13. 

St. Peter, York, 19, 30 

Hospitaller Knights, 8. 

Hubv, 8i, 141. 
Hull, 107. 
Hutton (Old), 41. 

Roof (Ruff), 80, 109, 115, 2 

Hynd Castle (see Hind Castle). 

lUubruar, 99. 

iDgleton, 74, 194. 

Ingmanthorp, 82. 

Inishmay, 209. 

Ireby, 17, 181, 187, 189, 190. 

(Over) Hall, 193, 194. 

Irt (River), 183, 229. 

Isell, 100, loi, 231. 

Jerusalem (Hospital and Temple) 

13, 181. 
Jesus College, Cambs., 202, 234. 



Kellet (Kellote), 198, 205. 
Kendal, 19, 20, 21, 30, 69, 70, 74, 79, 
83, 96, 98, 104, 108, 109, 112, 230. 
Kentmere, 72. 
Kereby, 87, 141. 
Keswick, 112, 113. 

East, 81, 127, 140, 141. 

Kildeholm, 12, 20. 
Killclogher, 209. 

King's Hall, Cambs., 200. 
Kirkabia, 16. 
Kirk Andres, 50. 
Kirkby-Kendal (see Kendal). 

Lonsdale, 206. 

,, Church, 208, 240. 

Overblow, 87. 

Kirk Diomed, 12. 
Kirkham, 16, 17. 
Kirk Levyngton, 50. 
Kirkslack, 234. 
Knights Hospitaller, 8. 



70. 



Knight of Shire- 
Cumberland, 40. 
Lancashire, 40, 42. 
Westmorland, 44, 55, 92, 233. 
Yorkshire, S3. 

Knolsmere, 164. 



Lancaster, 16, 17, 18, 29 

Castle, 48. 

Langele (Langeley), 67, 
Layfield, 164. 
Layton, 112. 

Lecke. 190. 

Leeds, ii5. 

Leeke, 219. 

Leicester, 30. 

Lesgyll, 109. 

Levens Hall. 2, 28, 71-7'; 

Manor, 2, 9, 13, 



30, 31, 36, 67, 70-77, 87, 96, 97, 98, 
104, 109, 112, 113, 234. 

Nether, 14, 94, 240. 

Over, 14, 82. 

Liddell Castle, 172. 
Linlithgow, 134. 
Linton-in-Craven, 175, 
Lofthouse, 81, 114, 141. 
Lonsdale, 17, 83, 158. 
Loughmarash, 209. 
Lowther, 11, 

Lund, 160. 

Lupton, 16, 20, 27, 30, 42, 45, 46, 100, 

104, 109, 230, 234. 
Lyme, 48. 
Lythe, 115, n6. 

Magna Charta, 22. 
Malynghall, 74, 109, 112. 
Manserghe, 165. ' 

Mainecester, 48. 
Masongill, 177, 198, 193. 
Medlar, 20. 
Mailing, 162, 187. 
Merton, 51. 
Mewith, igo, 
Middleham, 230. 
Middle Temple, 217. 
Middleton, 99, 206, 207. 
Millom Castle, loi. 
Morlaix, Siege of, 136. 
Munster, 209, 210. 
Myton Inges, 212. 

Nantes, Siege of, 132. 
Natelunt (Natland), 30. 
Nawmger, 115. 
Neatby (Nateby), no. 
Nesbit Moor, 133. 
Netherlands, 167, igo. 
Newbiggin, 230. 
Newcastle, 62, 64, 66, I7in, 174. 
Nevvhall, 114. 
Newton, 115, 116, 117. 

2 O 



282 REDMANS OF LEV ENS AND HA RE WOOD. 



Norham Castle. 163. 

Norman origin of Redmans, 1-7. 

Northampton, 42, 85. 

North Dalton, 212. 

Norton, 219. 

Nottingham, 25. 

Nuby, 141. 

Nutgeld (Noutegeld), 28. 

Oakham Castle, 134. 
Okeland, 19S. 
Oosbm-ne (see Ouseburn). 
Otley Pole (Poole), 104, 105. 
Otterbourne, 62, 65, G5, 78. 
Oiichy le Chasteau, 58. 
Ouseburn, Little, 115, 116. 
Overlands, 164, 166, 167. 
Overton, 27. 
Ovington, 1 24. 

Parke, 182. 

Parker MSS., 2T!, 230. 

Pearl Fishers' Company, 229. 

Pecquigny, Treaty of, 95. 

Penwortham, 20. 

Penyerhocke, 133, 

Percy Rising, 83. 

Pickering — Lythe, 116. 

Pilgrimage of Grace, 107, 164,225. 

Pontefract Castie, 107, 167, 16S. 

Portugal, King of, 58. 

Preston Hall, 94, 161. 

Pulton, in Lonsdale. i5o. 

Quinfell (see Whinfell). 

Ravensworth Castle, 197. 

Raventhwaite, 228. 

Rawden, 153. 

Redman (Manor), 7, 13, 26, 27, 205 

Chapel, 102, 151. 

Redman's Road, 217. 
Redmayne Hall. 195, 205. 
Registers, Thornton, 1S5. 

Ingleton, &c., 194. 

Rigton-in-the-Forest, 81,141. 
Rising of the North, 213. 
Rochester Castle, 23, 24, 29. 
Rouen, 195. 
Rougemont, 143. 

Roxburgh Castle, 59, 60, 61, 7S. 

Siege, 133. 

Rudstone, 230. 
Rughford, 88. 
Runnerthwayt, 50. 
Rutland, 134. 
Ryther Castle, 80, 134. 

Church, 241. 



lanor, 



St. Asaph Cathedral, 122. 

— Mary Acte's Church, 125. 

— Mary and Holy Angels, York, 152 



St. Mary of Kildeholm, 12. 

- Mary and St. Sei>ulehre, 152. 

- Sauveur Castle, 59. 
Sark, Battle of, 91. 

Selside, 9, 15, 16, 67, 95, 109, 112 

Seneschal of Kendal, 19, 28. 

Seton, 117. 

Shadwell, 141. 

Shap Abbey, 19, 20, 25, 117, 120, 

Shelford, Great, 124. 

Sheriff of Cumberland, 54, 80, 10 

of Dorset, 100. 

of Dumfries, 38, 42. 

of Lancashire, 22, 31, 48. 

of Roxburgh, 59, 60. 

of Somerset, 100. 

of Westmorland, 22. 

of Yorkshire, 19, 22, 82, 8; 

Shipton, 212. 

Shrewsbury, Battle of, 83. 
Silverdaie, 3, 20, 29. 



Sktlsmergh, 41. 

Ski-iton-in-Craven, 127, 129, 131. 

Skipwith, 212. 

Sleddall, 54. 

Sluys, Battle of, 136. 

Snayth, no. 

Spain, 5S. 

Speaker's House, 85. 

Spurs, Battle of, 89. 

Stamford, Statute of, 43. 

Stanhope, 224. 

Stepney, 217. 

Stirklanketill, 5s. 

Stirling Castle, '133, 134. 

Stockhouse, Si. 

Stockton, 81, 114. 

Strid, The, 129. 

Stuteville Fee, 33. 

Sutton-in-Holderness, 134. 

Swindon, 141. 

Synderbarrow, 109. 

Tatham, 17, 187. 
Tebay (Tibbeie), 51. 
Thoriiton-in-Lonsdale, 8, 55, 74, no, 
166, 167, 191, 198, 205. 

Church, 163, 173, 174, 179, 

iSl, 184. 

Hall, 171, 175, 177, 1S4. 

Threlkeld, 231. 

Thurcroft, 97. 

Thurland Castle, 90, 159, 188, 219, 225, 

226, 227. 
Todgill, 190. 
Tournay, Siege of, 136. 
Trantherne (Tranton, &c.), 11, 12, 20, 

36. 
Trimbe, 12. 

Trinity College, Cambridge, 200. 
Tyrrebanke, 165. 



GENERAL INDEX. 



283 



Tunstall, 1S7, 190, 219, 223. 


Wheatley, 145- 


Twisleton, 55, 94, 102, 158, 205. 


Whinfell, 30, 54, 67, 95, ii3- 


Tyndale, 134. 


Whitby, 115, 116. 




Strand, 117. 


Ulvedale, 67, 68. 


Whittiagton, 160. 


Ulverstone, 17, iS, 19, 19S. 


Wigglesworth, 164. 


Urswick, 21, 199. 


Wight, Isle of, 132. 


Little, 195, 198. 


Wigton, 127, 140, 141, 153. 


Usburne (see Ooseburn). 


Wike, 127, 140, 141. 




Windermere, St. Martin's Church, 240 


Vannes, Siege of, 136. 


Workington, 26, 46. 


Vironfosse, Battle of, 132. 


Hall, 172. 




Wrayton, 167, 169, 1S7, 190. 


Wardeley, 113. 


Wynsdale, 198. 


VVarwiclj Castle, 44- 




Waterfulforth, 212. 


Yeadon, 81. 


Waverton, 26. 


Yealand, 3, 4, 5, 16, 27, 29, 30, 35, 36, 


Wearby, 106. 


48-52, 71, 230. 


Weardley, Si, 127, 140, 141. 


Conyers, 39, 52. 


Weeton, 81, 127, 140. 141. 


— Redmayne, 31, 32, 39, 51, 52, 


Welbeck, 120. 


yi' 


Welford, 49. 


Yeovil, 234. 


VVescoe Hill, 141. 


Yewcross, 108. 


Westhouse, 177, 190, 191, 205. 


York, 19, 30, 88, 107, loS. 


VVestmiuster Abbey, 172, 200. 


Castle, lie. 


Westwick, lie. 


Cathedral, 152. 



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