Vol. II
JANUARY, 1915
No. 1
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
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The Relief Society Magazine
Ozvned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
JANUARY, 1915.
Joseph Smith, the Prophet Frontispiece
Greetings and Sentiments 3
"Peace on Earth, Good Will to Men" President Joseph F. Smith 13
The Relief Society 20
Clothing for the Woman Past Forty The Two Sarahs 22
Genealogy 23
Home Gardening for Women Janette A. Hyde 24
Notes from the Field 25
A Prince of Ur Homespun 27:
Current Topics James H. Anderson 35:
Editorial 37;i
Guide Lessons 37"
ADVERTISERS DIRECTORY. j
li
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist. J!
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CO-OP. FURNITURE, 35 South Main St., Salt Lake City.
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CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City. '■
DAYNES-BEEBE MUSIC CO., 45 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City. j
GARDNER ADAMS.
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KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 555 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS, Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 321
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
South Main, Salt Lake City.
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S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street,
Salt Lake City. ' :,'
THOMAS, Photographer. 'f
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Lake City.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY
HEADQUARTERS
For Approved Garments and Ladies' Utah Made
Dress Goods
Postage Prepaid, and Samples Sent on Request
CUTLER'S, 36 Main Street
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The finest pictures and the best music combine to make a wonderful
entertainment for the money.
What are We Doing?
Cordially inscribed to the Officers and Members of the various
branches of our Relief Society, by Utah's first woman editor,
L. Lula Greene Richards.
While we seek amity, earth's worst calamity.
War's wildest horrors are forced on the view.
Safe in this favored land 'neath God's protecting hand,
What are we doing, and what should we do ?
First, with tongues guarded well, cease idle thoughts to tell,
Speak with a purpose and say what is true ;
Lift not a hand in vain whUe the world throbs in pain ;
Ours to relieve and bless, thus must we do.
When first our "Exponent," as error's opponent,
Sailed forth, a venture, it flourished and grew ;
Brave for the Truth and staunch, still other boats we launch.
Much have we done and yet more must we do.
More clearly discerning each critical turning,
Pointing out ways that are wise to pursue ;
Repenting, forgiving, unselfishly living,
Loving and serving in all that we do.
Wives, daughters and mothers, all working for others.
The Priesthood's broad measures we help carry through ;
We aid in redeeming our dead, not in seeming ;
In truth, Christ hath left us this portion to do.
While our prayers never cease for the blest reign of Peace,
Praise and thanksgiving we offer anew
For our Community, strong in its Unity.
These are some things we are learning to do.
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, OCTOBER, 1914.
l~roni the painting by Lewis A. Ramsey.
Joseph Smith, the Prophet.
P>om Dec. 23, 1805. Martyred June 27, 1844.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II.
JANUARY, 1915.
No. 1.
Greetings and Sentiments
President Emmeline B. Wells and the General Board are ex-
ceedingly grateful and happy to open this magazine and this
year with the greet-
ings of our beloved
President Joseph F.
Smith, who is the son
of our martyred hon-
ored Patriarch, Hy-
rum Smith, and the
nephew of the ador-
ed Prophet, Joseph
Smith.
President Smith
and wife Julina L.
Smith, accompanied
by President Charles
W. Penrose and Dr.
Romania B. Penrose,
Bishop C. W. Nibley
and Mrs. Rebecca N.
Nibley, Apostles Geo.
A. Smith and Joseph
F. Smith, Jr., with
Miss Emily Smith,
daughter of the Presi-
dent, have been on a
profitable trip to Inde-
pendence, Jackson Co.,
Missouri, to Florida,
El Paso and Los Angeles. It is from there that the following tel-
egram came to President E. B. Wells :
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells, Ocean Park, Cal., Dec. 5, 1914.
General Board of the Relief Society:
Accept my sincere congratulations and heartiest greetings in
honor of the birth of the Relief Society Magazine. May it enter
upon its noble mission so firmly entrenched about by the bulwarks
of worthy and capable endeavor and enduring truth that its career
may be successful and glorious. Joseph F. Smith.
1
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4 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
From the General Board of the Relief Society.
SYMPATHY.
And if some sympathy we can bestow,
Because we've felt the agony of pain ;
Then let us minister while here below —
The little time that we may yet remain ;
And strive to make some recompense to heaven,
For the few talents to our keeping given.
Let us cherish sympathy, for it is the incentive and inspira-
tion to every noble and generous deed. The three graces —
Charity, Hope, and Faith — all are actuated by the force of sym-
pathy. It is sympathy with the great Master's teachings which
produces faith in him and radiates hope in the soul ; it is sympathy
with the sufferings and sorrows of humanity which prompts the
tender words and opens the heart to give of those things which
make for peace and happiness. There could be no pleasure in
life were it not for sympathy, for form, sound and color make
their appeal to the heart, and the sympathetic chord responds,
producing that harmony which alone gives joy and delight.
It is the sympathetic response in the soul that warms to the
glow of the sunshine, and saddens to the gloom of the shadow —
making life, richer, and deeper, and better with the years' ebb
and flow. Sympathetic expression is the beautiful gift of some
people, but ofttimes the tender handclasp, the silent embrace, or
the gentle kiss, speak more than words to those in sorrow and
express the love of an overflowing heart.
True sympathy is self-forgetfulness and the most perfect
expression of love. It is the slender tendril which twines itself
among the graces of the soul, binding and cementing friendship
and human ties throughout all time.
Love withheld brings vain regrets, whilst love bestowed
brings sweet content. Emmeline B. Wells.
Our Savior's teachings tell us that the Spirit of Charity
should direct our labors among our fellow men, and St. Paul
emphasized the sentiment when he said, "Charity beareth all
things, believeth all things, hopeth all things, and endureth all
things." and he further wrote that if we have not charity we are
as nothing.
When the Prophet Joseph Smith gave the great mission of
love and charity to women, and instructed them to feed the poor
and unfortunate, to comfort the sick and the afflicted, he mani-
fested the same spirit as expressed by our Savior and the prophets.
Thus he opened the way for women to exercise the motherly
instincts inherent in them. Clarissa S. Williams.
A woman who would make a success of her life must en-
deavor to make her home an altar of peace, love and companion-
ship. Her husband should rest confident in her gentle solicitude,
and her children trust in her unfailing wisdom. Such an ideal
does not imply wealth, education nor brilliant gifts. Faith,
aflfection, fidelit}^ industry, and above all, integrity, constitute the
requirements for such a happy woman's life and success.
Julina L. Smith.
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Charity does more than give to the needy, —
it sympathizes with those in distress, comforts
those who mourn, forgives those who do wrong ;
charity seeks to build up rather than to tear
down character ; it refrains from unkind or un-
fair criticism. It helps those who are weak to
rise and then assists in sustaining them.
"Though I bestow all my goods to feed the poor,
find though I give my body to be burned, and
have not charity, it profiteth me nothing."
Amy Brown Lyman.
Let me be true to the counsel of my hus-
band, loyal to my bishop, obedient to the Prophet
of the Lord, and quick to take their counsel or
reproof, and I shall be safe and at peace, though
the heavens fall, and the earth rolls up as a
scroll.
Susa Youns. Gates.
Let us be so thankful for all that makes life
happy and comfortable for us, that it will be our
constant desire to extend to others a helping-
hand, remembering always that in the oppor-
tunity of being of service to others, we are
really the favored ones.
Emma A. Empey.
It is an age of obedient parents ; and so, at
the command of my children, I lay down my
book and close my eyes to rest them — until I
am alone. Then I will reopen my Bible, the
dearest of my book friends, and read again.
If I had had the advantages, fifty years ago,
that the young people have today, I might have
amounted to something.
Sarah Jenne Cannon.
GREETINGS AND SENTIMENTS.
The building up of the King of God
should be first in our hearts. The L^rd works
on earth through the medium of his sons and
daughters. We are all his children in our spir-
itual part. "Charity never faileth," and, as
members of the Relief Society in true charity
work, we labor for him and he rewards us b\-
giving us blessings and leading us by his Holy
Spirit. Relief Society work is vast, extending
to the ends of the earth, and only by united and
continuous effort can it be accomplished. It is
not in the giving of alms alone, as we learn
from Paul, (I. Corinthians, chap 13) but to
comfort and strengthen spiritually, to encourage
the weak to greater faith and hope and to be
charitable to the shortcomings of others. The
Relief Society demands that we be humble,
faithful, and true.
Dr. Romania B. Penrose.
Love covers a multitude of sins. When a
scar cannot be taken away, the next kind office
is to hide it. Love is like the painter who,
drawing the picture of a friend having a blemish
in one eye, would picture only the other side of
his face. It is a noble .and great thing to cover
the blemishes and to excuse the failings of a
friend ; to draw a curtain before his stains, and
to display his perfections ; to bury his weakness
in silence, but to proclaim his virtues on the
house-tops.
"Any heart turned toward God feels more
joy in one short hour of prayer, than ever was
experienced in all the feasts on earth since it?
foundation.
"In the morning, prayer is the key that opens
to us the treasure of God's mercies and bless-
ings ; in the evening, it is the key that shuts us
up under his protection and care."
Emily S. Richards.
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
We, as the children of one great Eternal
Parent, in this big world of ours, are cemented
by a bond "-^ common interest, a tie of universal
love, — i' cultivate our affections unselfishly,
if we foiiuw the teachings of our Savior, "Do
unto others as we wish to be done by." For as
every star in the firmament tends to light up the
heavens by night, so will each good deed, noble
life, and worthy thought of our Latter-day Saint
women assist in brightening, bettering, and
glorifying the name of our Heavenly Father's
people, for such we profess to be.
Julia P. M. Farnsworth.
'Charity never faileth."
Phcbc Y. Bcatic.
"God thought to give the sweetest thing.
In His almighty power,
To earth, and deeply pondering
What it should be — one hour
In fondest joy and love of heart
Outweighing every other.
He moved the gates of Heaven apart,
And gave to earth — a mother."
Ida Dusenberrx.
GREETINGS AND SENTIMENTS.
TO UY SISTER. WITH LOVE, WHERE-
EVER SHE MAY BE.
When all my prayers and dreams come true,
This is the sketch I'd make of you :
A chastened soul, of modest mien,
( Akin to many I have seen ; )
A gentlewoman, filled with trust '
In one Great Father, kind as just;
A vested Faith which bade her see
The glorious "Truth that made her free."
Until by perfect works she shows
The "better part" that Mary chose.
Thorny the road ofttimes and drear,
But strong her purpose — her vision clear ;
Her star with kindled light leads on
(Would I were steadfast thus till Dawn).
Lord, help me, by Thy grace divine.
To follow close this sister mine,
For soon, aye, very soon, 'twill be
Not Time but vast Eternity.
Carrie S. Thomas.
Motherhood is the culmination of mortal
joy.
Alice Merrill Home.
10
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
It has been said that charity should begin
at home, and so it should; but sometimes we
let the charity at home wait, to help those who
seem more in need. We often forget ourselves,
in looking after others ; and now, when the cry
comes from afar, and we know that our brothers
and sisters are in great distress, we are likely
to put our home charity off.
Let us try to divide our bounty. We have
many here who need our thoughts and help;
many right here are suffering from the effects
of the war. They are not in it, but labor in
many places has been stopped, and men and
women have been thrown out of employment,
and must be taken care of.
So let us, while thinking of those in the
countries where war is raging, not forget those
who have been made to suffer by the effects of
the war. And so, we must think of charity at
home, and not forget that God is the ruler
over all.
Pr is cilia P. Jennings.
Save the children. It is easier to maintain
them in health than to heal them from sickness.
It is easier to train them in righteousness than
to reclaim them from evil. But never despair.
With the help of Heavenly Father, the most
desperate cases of sin or sickness may be cured.
Elisabeth S. Wilcox.
To be at peace with God and one's own
heart, one must seek consistently and constantly
for the spirit of inspiration and truth. This,
coupled with obedience to the Priesthood, will
provide the best of working rules for the mem-
bers and officers of the Relief Society.
Rebecca Neibaur Nibley.
GREETINGS AND SENTIMENTS.
11
That we may be true to God, kind and mer-
ciful to each other, and that we may learn by
the trials we pass through, the patience, wisdom,
and forbearance which will make Latter-day
Saints of us, is the sincere wish of your humble
servant.
Elisabeth C. McCune.
Alma 37 :36-37 :
"Yea, and cry unto God for all thy support ;
yea, let all thy doings be unto the Lord, and
whithersoever thou goest, let it be in the Lord ;
yea, let thy thoughts be directed unto the Lord ;
yea, let the affections of thy heart be placed upon
the Lord forever.
"Counsel the Lord in all thy doings, and he
will direct thee for good; yea, when thou liest
down at night, lie down unto the Lord, that he
may watch over you in your sleep; and when
thou risest in the morning, let thy heart be full
of thanks unto God ; and if ye do these things,
ye shall be lifted up at the last day."
Edna Mav Davis.
"O ye that embark in the service of God, see
that you serve him with all your heart, might,
mind and strength, that ye may stand blameless
before God at the last day."— (Doctrine and
Covenants.)
Sarah E. McLelland.
To think right, is to live right. If our
thoughts are pure and uplifting, so will our
actions be. Carlyle says: 'Thoughts once
awakened do not slumber." How necessary,
then, it is for us not to entertain unwise or evil
thoughts, but to encourage such only as will
enable us to lead noble lives.
Elisabeth Caiiic Crismon.
12
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Ingratitude is the supreme moral crime of
the present age. Would that in the catalogue
of listed prizes for improved conditions, morally,
- spiritually, socially and physically, we would
offer an exceptional prize to those manifesting
the most pronounced evidence of real gratitude.
Janette A. Hyde.
Our Magazine, "A Gift from God." What
is its mission? To draw from the Well of
Eternal Life, the best it has to give, and send it
forth into your life and mine, opening our un-
derstanding to the larger life of perfect service
in our Father's Kingdom.
Sarah Eddin<^ton.
The art committee of the General Board of the Relief Soci-
ety have designed a stamp which is to be the seal of this Society.
For this year, lack of time will prevent its use except upon postal
cards for Christmas.
The design represents the Rock of Revelation on the right of
the picture, with a woman standing on the rock, holding a sheaf
of wheat in her hands. Over her head shines the Star of Bethle-
hem. At the foot of the Rock are grouped a feeble old man, and
a woman with little children about her knees. These are the help-
less and needy ones symbolized thus who reach out to the extended
hands of the symbolized figure on the Rock of Revelation, plead-
ing for help. The stamp is all in symbol.
It was painted in color by Miss Lillian B. Connelly, and is
considered an excellent piece of work. The seal necessarily will be
done only in photographic light and shade, but we suggest to our
friends and sisters who wish to purchase Christmas postal cards
to send away, that this will form a very fine gift, and will also
spread the good news of our work abroad. The cards cost five
cents each, and are on sale at Z. C. M. I., the Bureau of Informa-
tion, and Hotel LTtah. Any stake desiring these cards either for
Christmas cards or for ordinary purposes, can secure them by mail,
by addressing Mrs. Emma A. Empey, 180 East South Temple,
Salt Lake City.
"Peace on Earth, Good Will to Men."
Remarks by President Joseph F. Smith at Relief Society
Conference, October ^, 1914.
My dear sisters: I am pleased to have the privilege of being
present with yon for a short time. I am not, however, prepared to
speak to you upon any subject, and shall, therefore, have to
depend entirely upon the promptings of the Spirit.
We certainly live in troublesome times ; and, notwithstanding
the peace that pervades our own land, we are not without our
troubles at home. And many of the troubles that we ourselves
are having are very serious in their trend, and in the possible
results that may come from them. And it is well enough for us to
think a little about the troubles that pervade our own borders, as
well as to mourn so very seriously over the preventable troubles
that have come upon our neighbors. The troubles that come are
very serious, sad, disastrous, cruel and wicked ; no question
about it. And there is, among us today, I am sorry to say, the
germ of the spirit that has prompted, very largely, the conditions
that exist in Europe today ; internal unrest, dissatisfaction, dis-
content, internal contention over political, labor, and religious
matters, and almost every subject that affects society at this time.
And the very germ that has prompted the terrible results that we
see in the nations of Europe, is at work among us here today. We
need not forget it, nor ignore it, either.
There is just one power, and one only, that can prevent war
among the nations of the earth, and that is true religion and un-
defiled before God, the Father. Nothing else will accomplish it.
In the early days of the Church, aye, before the Church was
organized, God declared, through the Prophet Joseph Smith, the
great principle that no religious organization then extant in the
world was acknowledged by him. It is difficult to make people
believe it. It is almost impossible to make even many of those
who have embraced the gospel of Jesus Christ actually accept
this great proposition. If it had been declared by man, men might
have reason to doubt it. It is a very common expression today
that there is good in all religions. So there is ; but there is not
sufficient good in the denominations of the world to prevent war,
nor to prevent contention, strife, division and hatred of one
another..
And, put all the good doctrines in all the denominations of
the world together, and they do not constitute sufficient good to
prevent the evils that exist in the world. Why? Because the de-
nominations lack the essential knowledge of God's revelation and
truth, and the enjoyment of that spirit which comes from God that
14 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
leadeth unto all truth, and that inspires men to do good and not
evil, to love and not to hate, to forgive and not to bear malice,
to be kind and generous and not to be unkind and contracted.
So, I repeat, there is but one remedy that can prevent men
from going to war, when they feel disposed to do it, aixl that is
the Spirit of God, which inspires to love, and not to hatred, which
leads unto all truth, and not unto error, which inclines the chil-
dren of God to pay deference to him and to his laws and to esteem
them as above all other things in the world.
The Lord has told us that these wars would come. We have
not been ignorant that they were pending, and that they were
likely to burst out upon the nations of the earth at any time.
We have been looking for the fulfilment of the words of the
Lord that they would come. Why? Because the Lord wanted
it? No; not by any means. Was it because the Lord pre-
destined it, or designed it, in any degree? No, not at all. Why?
It was for the reason that men did not hearken unto the Lord
God, and he foreknew the results that would follow, because of
men, and because of the nations of the earth ; and therefore he
was able to predict what would befall them, and come upon them
in consequence of their own acts, and not because he has willed
it upon them, for they are but suffering and reaping the results
of their own actions.
I was reminded, while Sister Richards was speaking to us, of
an experience that I had forty years ago. In 1874, I visited Conti-
nental Europe. Previous to that I had been in Great Britain, and
I had the privilege of crossing the channel into Scandinavia,
but never before had been among the continental nations. One
of the things that forcibly attracted my attention, in my sojourn
among the European people, was the manual labor thrust upon
the women. One of the first sights that I saw was a woman
hooked up with a dog, pulling a cart in the streets of one of the
cities of Europe, and trying to make her livng out of bartering
watercress, or some sort of herbs, which she may have gathered
where she could. And that was the condition of hundreds and
hundreds of women in those great cities. And then I saw a
woman and a donkey hitched up to the cart together, the woman
on the one side and the donkey on the other, tramping through
the streets of those cities, trying to make a living. And when
we landed in the seaport town, the first I observed were women
rowing the boats, women standing at the markets and at the
tables, and women packing great baskets of fish upon their backs,
and going up to the various markets to distribute them. And
when we passed through the fields, we saw women making
bricks, at the brick kilns — no men; and when we looked over
the fields, we saw scarecrows scattered around among the fields
to scare off ravenous birds, and every scarecrow in the fields
"PEACE ON EARTH, GOOD WILL TO MEN." 15
was dresssed in women's clothes — not in men's. I remarked the
other day to a boy who was born in Germany, and who came
from there just recently, about these things which I had seen.
"Oh," he said, "that is nothing; it is nothing for. women in
Germany to make their living ; they are used to it. It is nothing
for them to let the men go to war ; they have had tc provide for
themselves before."
When we reached the great centers of those countries, we dis-
covered men dressed in military clothes. Those who were not
on military duty, at the time, were sauntering about restaurants,
saloons, gambling places and other places of ill repute, smOking
their cigars, twirling their little canes in their hands, exploiting
as gentlemen, while the women were doing the drudgery in the
fields. I saw that forty years ago, with my own eyes, in Europe.
Well, I pitied them then. And while I felt indignant at the world
for the conditions that existed, I felt most indignant because the
conditions which I savv there with my own eyes had been charged
upon the women of Utah, while such things never existed in Utah
at all. Those conditions continue, and will continue, I presume.
Well now, my sisters, "peace on earth, and good will to
men," is our slogan. That is our principle. That is the principle
of the gospel of. Jesus Christ. And while I think it is wrong,
wickedly wrong, . to force war upon any nation, or upon any
people, I believe it is righteous and just for every people to
defend their ovrn lives and their own liberties, and their own
homes, with the last drop of their blood. I believe it is right, and
I believe that the Lord will sustain any people in defending their
own liberty, to worship God according to the dictates of their
conscience, any people trying to preserve their wives and their
children from the ravages of war. But we do not want to be
brought into the necessity of having to defend ourselves. We
want to remain continually in the condition that existed here
many years ago, when we were visited by an army, whose osten-
sible and manifest purpose was to destroy the leaders of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and break up the
Church. President Young said to the boys who went out to
defend us : "Don't shed blood. Be careful that you don't shed
blood. Do everything in your power to prevent their coming.
Harrass them ; take away their means of travel, if you can, but
don't shed the blood of any man !" That was the doctrine that
was taught by President Young to the Latter-day Saints, at that
time. "And if you will be careful to observe this," he said, "you
will be delivered, and God will fight your battles." And the Lord
did it. And so I believe it will always be with the people of God.
If the condition 'of the world appears to you as it does me, at
the present time, it seems to me that you have within your heart?
and minds one of the strongest evidences, that has ever been
16 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
brought to your understanding- of the truth of the declaration
which God gave to the world through Joseph Smith, that "they
worship me with their lips, but their hears are far from me ; they
teach for doctrines the precepts of men. They have a form of god-
liness, but they deny the power thereof," and have it not. In
Germany, at this time, Protestants and Catholics are praying to
God for victory over their foes. In France and in England and in
Russia and in Belgium, and in Austria, and in all the other
countries that are at war with one another, they are praying,
Protestants, Catholics together, for victory. The Allies are pray-
ing for victory, to the same God — supposed to be, for these are
so called Christian nations, and they are members of the same
churches, worshiping in the same forms of religion, and yet they
are calling upon God one against another, to defend them against
their enemies, and to strengthen their arms to destroy their foes.
What does it prove? It proves what God said. They have not
his Spirit ; they have not his power to guide them. They are not
in possession of his truth; and, therefore, the very conditions
that exist are the results of this unbelief in the truth; and this
worship of men and organizations and powers of men is divested
of the power of God.
Now, I did not expect to say anything about these questions,
when I came. I rather came with the idea in my mind that I was
^•oing to speak to the Latter-day Saints, to the sisters, the mothers,
and the daughters, of Zion, who are associated in this great and
glorious latter-day work of "peace on earth and good will to men."
— who are engaged in the work of charity, the work of human
Wndness, of love and forgiveness, people who are looking after
the interests of mankind, and of the sex, and who are trying to
build them up in righteousness, purity, faith, and in obedience to
the laws of God ; women who are engaged in a work, not only
in administering temporal blessings and in temporal good and
consolation to the children of men, but women who are engaged
also in promulgating the pure principles of the gospel, the work
of truth, to the children of men.
And I believe that the Relief Societies of the Church were
never in a better condition, than today. I feel encouraged, and I
am delighted with the progress that is being made by the daughters
and mothers of Zion. From the depth of my soul, I have but one
desire toward all these good women, who are engaged in this noble
cause, and that is, God bless them, preserve their lives, help them
to be firm and true in their integrity to the cause of Zion ; and
lielp them to feel in their souls that there is nothing that ought
to be put in advance of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints, and nothing else better than the Church beneath the ce-
lestial kingdom. The Church possesses God's power, righteous-
ne>^, truth and divine authority, to do his will on the earth, in con-
"PEACE ON EARTH, GOOD WILL TO MEN." \7
tradistinction to all the man-made churches and institutions of the
world. We have people amongst us, it is true, who will set up
their ideas of purity against the doctrine of Christ, against the
laws of the gospel of Christ, and against the interests of the
kingdom of God. We have a few amongst us who will do it, who
are guilty of this. Thank God they are not many, that they are so
few, and I would that there were none of them amongst us.
I congratulate our dear Aunt Em, the President of the Gen-
eral Board of the Relief Society of the Church. God has pre-
served her to a good old age. Not only has he preserved her
health and her life, but he has preserved unto her her mentality,
her mental powers and her activities, and I feel grateful for it,
and I hope that she will continue to be preserved, and that she
will continue to progress and help the cause of the Relief Society
to progress in all that is good, and uplifting; and, above all other
things, to help the people for whom she labors, and over whom she
presides, and with whom she may have influence, and help the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints above everything else
in this world. It is time that we all should help this cause, and
those who do not do it will find, by and by, that they have
missed their mark, just as sure as you are born.
Now, my sisters, I am speaking; from my point of view, and
my point of view is that Christ was divinely appointed and sent
into the world to relieve mankind of sin through repentance ; to
relieve mankind from the death which came upon them by the
sin of the first man. I believe it with all my soul. I believe that
Joseph Smith was raised up by Almighty God to renew the spirit,
power and plan of God's Church, of Christ's gospel and holy priest-
hood. I believe it with all my soul, or I would not be here. I
therefore stand upon this principle, that the truth is in the gospel
of Jesus Christ, that the power of redemption, the power of peace,
the power for good will, love, charity and forgiveness, and the
power for fellowship with God, abides in the gospel of Jesus
Christ, and in obedience to it on the part of the people. I there-
fore admit, and not only admit but claim, that there is nothing
greater on earth, nor in heaven, than the truth of God's gospel,
which he has devised and restored for the salvation and the re-
demption of the world. And it is through that that peace will
come to the children of men, and it will not come to the world in
any other way. The nations cannot possess it without they come
to God, from whom they are to receive the spirit of union and the
spirit of love. And those organizations in the world, created with a
view to combining men, possess in them so many of the elements of
self-destruction that they can not exist long, as they are, and under
the influences which hold them together today, I can tell you that
there is no combination formed by men that will prosper and con-
tinue to endure, unless it is based upon the princi^Je of truth,
18 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
righteousness and justice toward all. When a man comes to me
and says : "You must be my servant, you must obey me or con-
form to my plan, or we will starve you to death," I don't care how
many elements of goodness there are in the organization that will
exclude me from a right to worship God according to the dictates,
of mv conscience, or that would prevent me from laboring in'''
honest labor to earn my bread, it possesses the elements of decay
and destruction, and it cannot last, for it is wrong, absolutely
wrong.
In the gospel is the light of freedom. Men worship God ac-
cording to the dictates of their own conscience. We cannot compel
you to be saved, nor can we compel you to obey the principles of
the gospel at all. • In the words of the poet :
"Know this, that every man is free
To choose his life and what he'll be ;
For this eternal truth is given,
That God will force no man to heaven.
"He'll call, persuade, direct aright,
Bless him with wisdom, love and light,
In nameless ways be good and kind,
But never force the human mind."
That is the principle of the gospel of Jesus Christ. Rut these
man-made organizations will force you to do as they will, or they
will damn you and destroy you ; and therein lies the element of
self-destruction in themselves, because they can only last for a
time. Truth only can abide.
Now, let us listen to some of these things, my brethren and
sisters, for I tell you they are true.
Again, I understand that the General Board of the ReHef
Society are prepared to publish a magazine in the interests of
Relief Society work throughout the Church ; and there is one
thing abut it I would like to see made prominent, and that is that
it be made an instrument which will reach the hearts and the under-
standings of all the sisters, of all the people of the Church ; and,
above all things, that the Relief Society shall be organized and
adhered to by the young as well as by the aged, so that wherever
there is affliction in the country in which that organization exists.
that the society will be in a condition to look it up, and administer
for the good and the salvation of those who are afflicted. I have
heard of several instances, of late, in which a sister was very sick,
and very poor, and the neighbors around, without regard to the
Relief Society, were being called upon to give a little something to
help, or to '^o and help for an hour or two, as the case may be, or,
as they could spare the time. Where is the Relief Society ? What
"PEACE ON EARTH, GOOD WILL TO MEN." 19
is the Relief Society doing in that ward? When the ReHef Society
is not looking after that widow, or that poor woman, or those
parentless children, or the sick or the afflicted, what is it doing?
What is the Relief Society doing when you are calling upon the
neighbors irrespective of it, to wait upon the sick and the afflicted
women in their suffering? Now I presume that perhaps when
these things were called to the attention of the Relief Society, that
it took them in hand.
I am going to repeat a litle story that I have told a good
many times. On one occasion I visited a distant branch of the
Church, in a distant ward of Zion, and it was in the season of the
year when malarial fever was prevalent. There were many people
of the town, at least, where I stopped, who were suffering with
malarial fever. The moment I landed from the car, I was invited
by the president to go with him and visit the sick, which we did.
We called on them, visited them, and administered to them. And,
in each case, after administering and making some little inquiries,
and looking into the condition, we found, and particularly, I will
say, we found, in the one instance I am going to relate : a good
sister, who came into the house where the mother of the little
family lay prostrate upon her bed, and her husband distracted for
fear she was going to pass away, the little children helpless, —
she came into the room with a basket laden with excellent fruit or
food, and other preparations which the children and the family that
she was nourishing needed. She took the little children, washed
and combed them, and prepared them to sit down to the table.
Then she spread food upon the table, and sat the little children
around it to eat. Then she turned and administered to the sick
mother, and she remained there during, at least, the fore part of
the night.
I asked, "How is this done?"
"Well," she said, "our Relief Society is doing it. The Society
is providing these things ; I am only acting here for the Relief
Society, for this evening until midnight, or until sometime in the
night, when I will be relieved by another sister, who will bring
other things that will be needful during the latter part of the
night and for the morning meal."
And I said, "Is this being done throughout the settlement by
the Relief Society?"
She said, "Yes."
And I added, "and none are neglected?"
"No, not one, all are provided for. Yes, all are provided
for to the best of our ability."
And I said in my heart, God bless the Relief Society. I felt
that the Lord would bless them, because they were doing their
duty to the sick and to the afflicted. Well, these are temporal
20 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
things, and there are other things spiritual, which are even more
essential, if possible, at times, than are the mere temporal wants.
God bless the Relief Society. The Lord bless the General
Board, and help them to see eye to eye, to be united and to put
away all jealousy, and every spirit of strife, to be united to help
one another, to be forgiving, as we hope to be forgiven, one to-
wards another; that union, love, and concord may prevail at the
head, and may from the head permeate throughout all the stakes
and wards of'Zion. which may God grant, I humbly pray, in the
name of Jesus. Amen.
The Relief Society.
(A Summary of the organization of the L. D. S. Relief Society.)
By invitation of the President of the Church, Joseph Smith.
the Prophet, a number of sisters convened in the Masonic lodge
room, Nauvoo, on the 17th day of March, 1842. President Joseph
Smith, Elders John Taylor and Willard Richards were present.
John Taylor was called to the chair and Willard Richards
acted as secretary. After singing and prayer a vote was taken
to know if all were satisfied with each sister present and wiUing
to acknowledge them in good fellowship and admit them to all
the privileges of the institution about to be organized. All being
satisfied the names of those present were taken as follows :
Emma Smith, Martha Knight, Elvira A. Coles. Sarah H.
Cleveland, Phebe Ann Hawkes, Margaret A. Cook. Desmonda
Fuller, Elizabeth Ann Whitney, Sarah H. Kimball. Elizabeth
Jones, Leonora Taylor, Eliza R. Snow, Sophie Packard. Bathsheba
W. Smith. Sophia Robinson, Philinda Herrick, Phebe H. Wheeler
and Sophia R. Marks.
President Smith then explained some of the duties that would
devolve on the members of the Society ; said they should provoke
the brethren to good work ; look after the needs of the poor, per-
form charitable acts, and assist in correcting the morals and
strengthening the virtues of the community. Said it was in order
for the sisters to elect a president to preside over the Society, and
that she should choose two counselors to assist in the duties of her
office. He would ordain them and let them preside just as the
Presidency presides over the Church, and if the sisters needed his
instruction, they should ask and he would be pleased to give it
from time to time. The Presidency of the Relief Society should
stand as a constitution and their decisions become precedent for
the Society to act upon. If officers are wanted to carry out the de-
THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 21
signs of the institution, they should be appointed and set apart as
teachers, deacons, etc., are among us.
EHzabeth A. Whitney moved and Sophia Packard seconded
the motion that Emma Smith should be elected President of the
Society. The vote was put and pronounced unanimous. The
president-elect made choice of Sarah M. Cleveland and Elizabeth
Ann Whitney as her counselors. Eliza R. Snow was appointed
secretary and Elvira Coles treasurer. '
President Smith read the revelation to Emma Smith from the
Book of Doctrine and Covenants, and stated that she was or-
dained at the time the revelation was given to expound the scrip-
tures, to teach, etc.
He then read scriptures to show that an elect lady is one
elected to preside. By request of President Joseph Smith, Apostle
Taylor ordained Sarah M. Cleveland and Elizabeth Whitney to
be counselors to and assist President Emma Smith in the duties
of her office and share in the blessings pertaining thereto. He
then confirmed on Emma Smith her former ordination and blessed
her to be a mother in Israel, a pattern of virtue and to possess all
the qualifications necessary to enable her to preside with dignitv
and give such instructions as may be requisite in her calling as
an elect lady.
Elder Taylor vacated the chair and President Emma Smith
and counselors took the stand.
A lengthy discussion followed on the question : ''What shall
this Society be called ?" Mrs. Cleveland and Mrs. Whitney advo-
cated the appropriateness of the name Relief Society. John Taylor
and President Smith spoke in favor of Benevolent. Emma Smith
and E. R. Snow argued in favor of Mrs. Cleveland's choice. The
gentlemen withdrew their objections and a motion to adopt the
name of Relief Society was unanimously carried. President
Smith then said : "I now declare this Society organized with
President and Counselors. All who hereafter shall be admitted
must be free from censure and admitted by vote." President
Joseph Smith laid down a five-dollar gold piece to commence a
Relief Society fund, and said : "What I do hereafter for charity,
I shall do through this Society."
Sarah A. Cleveland gave $12.50; Sarah H. Kimball $1.00;
Emma Smith, $1.00; Elizabeth A. Whitney, 50 cents; Willard
Richards, $1.00; John Taylor, $2.00.
President Smith said : "I will give a city lot on which the
Society can build, will make the deed to the treasurer."
(Note. — We will present full minutes of this and other Relief
Society meetings in Nauvoo, in our March number, which will be
a special Organization number. — Editor.)
Clothing for the Woman Past Forty.
By The Tzvo Sarahs.
"And again, thou shalt not be proud in thy heart ; let all thy
garments be plain, and their beauty, the beauty of the work of
thine own hands." — Doc. & Cov., 42:40.
Latter-day Saint women should be exemplary in their dress,
worthy of being imitated. Our bodies are sacred; they should
be clothed to express simplicity and modesty. The narrow skirt,
the low-cut bodice, and the short sleeves should be avoided. "Ex-
ample is better than precept." It is woman's privilege and duty to
dress becomingly, to look her best, to dress well ; and it is possible
to dress economically, if we use our brains. When we are ap-
proaching the autumn of life, greater care and attention should
be given to our appearance than ever before. When we reach a
mature age, prevailing fashions should be considered carefully:
the extreme avoided, and a style selected and adjusted to suit the
figure and complexion. Colors should be studied. Dark greens,
greys, purples, navy blue, and seal brown are appropriate shades
for the woman of forty. Color has its effect on the personality,
or, shall I say, the soul. This is true not only as to the wearer,
but there is a definite efifect, produced by the color of our cloth-
ing upon those with whom we mingle. Avoid black, when pos-
sible, as it is trying at this time in life.
It is an old adage that, "the best is the cheapest;" and in
looking for quality, we can't find anything better than the beauti-
ful, enduring materials made at our Provo Woolen Mills.
Sisters, when shopping, inquire for these goods. The mer-
chants will then realize the necessity of keeping a stock on hand.
The best material does not wear out in one season. By occasion-
ally remodeling our dresses, a good appearance may be obtained.
Take, for illustration, the one-piece dress ! To remodel, combine
it with contrasting goods, or use the added material of the same,
and make a long over-skirt, with girdle. With a few changes
in the waist, your gown is wearable and pretty. It is possible
to make a one-piece dress out of your last season's jacket and
skirt. The popular materials are Tight-weight — gaberdine, pop-
lins, Panamas, serge, and broadcloth.
It is economy for every woman to have a good-fitting skirt
and waist pattern. Then she can make her waists at odd times to
match her suit ; crepe de chine and soft tafifetas wear well. Three
yards of eighteen-inch silk will make a tailored waist.
The old-fashioned method of sewing should again be taught
our girls. The slip-shod way of sewing or throwing cloth together
today can not but have its efifect upon the minds of the rising gen-
eration.
GENEALOGY. 23
Next to motherhood ideals, there is nothing more essential
foi mothers to impress upon their daughters than the necessity of
understanding the art of sewing. Integrity, independence, thrift,
and comeliness are taught in this art. The following rules should
be observed :
Sit in an upright position.
Make your stitches even.
Use a thimble.
Never bite your thread.
Keep clean hands.
Never pin your sewing to your knee.
"What is worth doing, is worth doing well."
If the above rules will not appeal to the "new" rich, many of
the "old" rich have become so by following out these principles.
Genealogy.
As our readers will discover, our genealogical lessons this
year will be given simply in the form of outlines. We are fortun-
ate in having an excellent lesson book as a foundation for the
information to be taken up. Therefore, in this Department, we
design not so much to give information in regard to the study of
genealogy, as to make it a means of interchange between gene-
alogical committees, in the various stakes and wards of the Relief
Society, and to print from time to time reports of the work ac-
complished in the different branches of the Society. There are
several stakes in which splendid work has been done, in following
out the genealogical outlines given in last year's guide; but when
the matter was discussed at the October conference, even these
stakes decided that it. would be a profitable thing to begin our
lessons all over again, going more slowly, and taking them up
more in detail. This is the plan, therefore, that will be followed.
We invite inquiries concerning methods of presentation of
work, pertaining to lessons or genealogy in general or particular :
also, we would be pleased to receive individual questions which
will be printed in this Department, and individual answers will be
given, when possible. We invite the co-operation of everyone inter-
ested in genealogy throughout the Relief Society of the' Church.
BOND FAMILY.
Does any one know William Bond, who came to Utah in
1855 or 1856? Any of his family who may be living would con-
fer a favor and receive most valuable genealogical help by writ-
ing to, T. Edward Bond, 501 Market Street, San Francisco, Cali-
fornia.
Home Gardening for Women.
Janette A. Hyde.
May we hope from the small beginning of last year's out-
lines, in home gardening and flower, raising, that some good has
been accomplished — at least in arousing sufficient interest to plan
for a larger and better kitchen garden than ever before. One of
the main objects in placing these articles before our women was
to create an atmosphere of family co-operation and common in-
terests in the home ; that children might learn helpfvilness from
such small beginnings as working in a kitchen garden. , They
will also discover the value of cultivating the soil, the wonderful
results obtained from working and improving vacant property in
cities and towns. Such intelligently directed toil helps children
to appreciate the privilege of assisting in planning the garden,
while they also form a partnership with mother. Above all else,
such careful utilization of opportunities creates a spirit of inde-
pendence and thrift. There is also the economical value of the
great lesson gained when the boy and girl discover what is re-
quired in labor and material to feed themselves.
After the holiday season is over, and we are settled in the
regular routine of daily life, we begin to think over and plan the
work soon to be undertaken for our kitchen garden. We get out
the catalogues, or send for new ones, look over the bulletins sent
out last season by Senator Smoot, from the United States Agri-
cultural Department, or from those sent by Dr. Widtsoe, of our
own Agricultural College, of Logan. We carefully consider the
possibilities of our own chmate, the plot of ground which we have
selected, and note that our climatic conditions are the same as, or
similar to, those described in the different catalogues and bulle-
tins, which treat of climate and soil. Then we consider the fer-
tilizing propositions, with husband and children, and if the garden
plot was not properly fertilized in the fall, we plan to do it nozv.
We must make sure of the right beginning, which is fertilization
and an abundance of it at the proper season of the year. All this
studying, planning, and consideration, will form a basis upon
which we may form some kind of an estimate as to our success
in our past efforts in kitchen gardening, and just what will be
wise for us to do in the coming season.
The women of the Relief Society have made a splendid be-
ginning in Home Gardening, because of our required lesson work
during the year 1914. Let us not go backward nor lapse into an
indiiTerent condition in this matter, — because our work is now left
to our own pleasure.
Notes from the Field.
Salt Lake Stake Relief Society.
The first organized stake of Zion in this intermountain region
was the Salt Lake stake.
The first Stake Board of the Salt Lake Stake Relief Society
was organized in 1877. There were then 46 branches scattered
throughout the city and the county. That splendid pioneer mother,
M. Isabella Home, was at that time made president of the Salt
Lake Stake Relief Society, and this position she held for nearly
thirty years. Out of Salt Lake City and County have been
organized seven stakes, each with its separate officers and distinct
religious autonomy.
In April, 1904, Mrs. Clarisssa S. Williams was chosen Presi-
dent of the Salt LaJ<e Stake Relief Society which position she
held until Sept. 26, 1908, when she was released in order to give
more time to the work of the General Board of which she was
Treasurer. Her counselor. ]\Irs. Harriet B. Harker, was then
made President of the Salt Lake Stake Relief Society, which
position she holds to the present time. Shortly after she went
into office, Mrs. Williams instituted weekly meetings, as it was
considered impossible to accomplish everything desired, in the
monthly or semi-monthly meetings. Studies have been outlined
and printed, and great activity along all lines has constantly
marked the work of this great, original stake.
Three ^'ears ago, under the direction of the priesthood, special
meetings were called and missionaries appointed to visit every
woman in the stake. This accomplished a great deal of good.
Since the General Board have issued outlines, this stake has chosen
committees of three to take charge of the genealogical study, and
of the mother's work. Monthly meetings are held in the famous
old Fourteenth Ward Assembly Hall.
This is a united Board, and a spirit of cheerful activity perme-
ates every branch of their work.
Ogden Stake.
Out of the many stakes which have been organized in the past
five years, the Ogden stake is, perhaps, one of the most active.
It was organized on the 19th of July, 1908. the Ogden stake
being an ofYshoot from Weber stake. There are ten wards in the
stake, and the stake and ward ofiicers hold weekly stake board
meetings in connection with the presidency of the stake, and the
26 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
other auxiliary stake boards. These union meetings are prefaced
three times a month with preHminary, private ofificers' meetings.
The fourth week, they hold an open meeting with the Stake
Presidency for reports and counsel.
Some idea of the effectiveness of the work of this stake can
be gleaned from the following statistics:
In the past year, the average attendance at Stake Board
meetings was seventy-five per cent. The Stake Board officers
made two hundred seventy-five visits to local branches, and five
hundred eighty-eight visits to the sick. There was an average
attendance at the local meeting of twenty-five per cent ; seventy-
three per cent of the families of the ward were visited each month
by the visiting teachers. Aside from this, there were 3,083 special
visits to the sick. This, with the 588 visits made by the Stake
Board, forms a total of 3,671 visits to the sick during the year.
The stake officers have appointed a committee of three from
their stake who have a special care over the invalids, the aged, and
those who are unable to leave their homes to attend meetings.
There are 188 teachers in this stake,* and in the six years
of its existence, they have expended for charity alone, the sum
of $5,584.20. They have given the usual help to ward and stake
enterprises ; have had bazzars and entertainments which have
raised in the three years $3,597.60. Each ward has donated lib-
erally, and the grand total is $13,666.73 which they have received
and disbursed. Changes have been made in the Board, but the
first officers were: President Martha Taylor, and Counselors
Isabel B. Foulger and L. Letitia Richards, with Nellie Beecraft,
Secretary. Perhaps the most satisfactory feature of their work
is the beautiful harmony which prevails in this stake between
the Presiding Priesthood and the officers of the Relief Society.
A'^TO Cotfomvood Stake.
We are pleased to announce the birth of another stake of
Zion. This lusty infant is an offshoot from the great Granite stake
of Zion, whose borders have become so extended that our leaders
found it imperative to divide up territory and responsibility.
The organization was effected November 29th, 1914. At this
time, a partial organization of a stake board for the Relief Society
was also made, and the following officers were chosen to preside
over the Cottonwood stake Relief Society: President, Amanda
Bagley; First Counselor, Mrs. Nellie Cornwall; Second Coun-
selor, Mrs. Rhena Wheeler.
A Prince of Ur.
Homespun.
CHAPTER I.
The sun was rising in iindimmed glory on the towers and
walls of the great city of Ur. Motley crowds of Assyrians, rude
Turanians, from the upper hill country of the north, richly-clad
Babylonians in costly palanquins, or, if on foot, attended by fierce
soldiery, jostled the foot passengers who were hurrying to get in
or to get out of the great gates as they were opened for the day.
"Dog of a Turanian," growled a slight, olive-skinned Tar-
shish merchant, who was nearly pushed into the long, narrow
trough of yellowish limestone which stood just outside the mas-
sive western gates. "Hast thou no care for thy head nor thy
limb? Then, why endanger another's?"
The slave who had himself been pressed outward by the
crowding behind him, bent low to the earth and groveled at the
feet of the enraged traveler.
"Thou wast ever a fool ; the God of nature cannot change thy
nature. O son of Cush ; the gods must needs forgive thee, so I can
forgive thee also."
The slave was slipping away through the press of struggling
humanity at the edge of the city's greatness, when the merchant
traveler stopped him again and demanded :
"Who hath put up this gorgeous fountain, since last I was in
the city of the Moon-god ?"
The slave again prostrated himself before the now mollified
merchant and replied in the gutteral tongue of his northern hills :
"If thou canst hear my speech, then may I tell thee?"
The merchant nodded. He was the true cosmopolite. His
business existed by means of his own and others' tongues.
"This newly carved fountain is the work of the Petesi's mas-
ter-carver, Azzi-Jaami."
"So !" The merchant gazed admiringly on the figures of the
two women at opposite ends of this stone trough, standing with
outstretched hands, passing to each other vases from which gushed
forth the two streams of water, filling the reservoir constantly for
the free use of men and beasts whose business or pleasure might
lead them that way.
"The skill of Azzi-Jaami is used in many directions. He is a
very great artist. Methinks he lies in danger to his gods," mused
the merchant.
The slave made no reply, for he well knew that none was ex-
28 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
pected of him. Instead, he drew courage from the abstraction of
the traveler to rise and again sHde into the congested mass of hu-
man beings who were crowding in and out of the great city gates,
prodded and harried as most of them were by the city guards with
sharp swords and long javelins in their hands.
Just as the full rays of the revealed sun beat glowingly upon
the double leaves of the ponderous gates, now opening wide,
a dusty horseman, the outrider of a large party of approaching
horsemen, raised his hand in a token or sign of some kind, and
instantly the gates swung back swiftly upon their bronze posts
built into the thirty-foot walls surrounding the city of Ur.
"The horseman is the horseman of the Prince of Ur, the sign
is the sign of kingly authority, and the party must contain either
the prince himself, or his father, the Petesi. In either case it be-
hooves me to wait," mused the irrascible traveler, wnose slender
foim and brilliant face seemed equally as accustomed to smiles as
to frowns. The sky is bluer when seen through occasional clouds.
Up from the plains of the distant north, came a rapid caval-
cade of shepherd soldiers, whose broad scimitars and white tur-
bans, with wide flowing veils of snowy whiteness, had a look of
simple strength and vigor that contrasted well with the panoplied
warriors of the Assyrian soldiery near the gateway.
"Make way for the Prince," shouted the sentries, and the
crowds, already pressed within and without with stifling haste,
screamed as they fled from the strokes of sword or stave ; but at
least, the path was cleared for the oncoming party.
"The Prince of Ur, by all that awaits me in life" said the
traveler. But he made no move to join or to intercept the long
cavalcade now trotting under the long, high gateway.
All of the shepherd host were tall, all were lithe and sinewy,
all were very alert and haughty in their supreme bodily control.
But he that sat upright on his snow-white charger, nearly at the
head of the party, yet surrounded by a dozen eager guards, who
scanned the multitude and swept the very heavens with their chal-
lenging eyes of midnight glow, needed no guard to protect his
majestic presence from defilement, nor soldiers to add to his gra-
cious dignity. For that very unfathomable reason, he was the
human magnet that drew all service to meet his own ends, and
he attracted abject obedience with his simple, quiet presence.
"Twenty years is a long time," again mused the merchant,
speaking his thought aloud.
"Longer than love, and more destructive than doubt," an-
swered a voice at his elbow. The merchant turned quickly.
"Fools and brawlers interrupt the meditations of the wise !"
The traveler gazed keenly into the other olive-skinned face now
turned quietly towards him.
"Open thine eyes, Javanu, and sharpen thy wits. Thou art
A PRINCE OF UR. 29
encouraging the habits of the dotard in giving wing to thy
thoughts through open speech, in the pubhc highway. Bethink
thyself — yes — gaze again — is thy memory also getting into age
and dotage?"
"None but Eleizer, the Demascan, would thus tempt the just
retribution of a full-blown man. It is my one-time associate in
the khans of Damascus. Why art thou so far from the rich do-
minions of Japheth ?"
With the subtlety of his tribe, the Damascan smiled in his
short and ruddy beard while he parried :
"Hath Japheth relinquished his claim upon Chaldea? Who
that loveth and maketh riches or fame shall cease to strive along
the banks of the Euphrates or to seek in Ur and Babylon ?"
"Plague on thee, Javanu ; thou dost ever draw out mine own
thought recesses into the glare of bright sunlight, while thy pur-
pose lies along the corridors of thy long tongue, like dim mosaics
under the rug of prayer."
"Be thou not offended, good Javanu, if aught I had to tell
thee, it would be opened as a wide chamber. Perhaps it is whim,
perhaps a purpose of the gods; who can tell? Certainly not I.
But tell me — I hear much talk from the multitude of the sudden
return of the Prince Abram. Who is this great and much her-
alded Prince of Ur ? I have heard of naught but him, and bandied
with his fame are both hate and love from all classes. None slight,
although few agree as to his character or his future."
"Not know the heaven-succored Prince of Ur? The friend
of the Pharoah, the instructor of the poor, the teacher of the
learned, the admired of all the courts of the world? Who hath
not heard his fame ? Who doth not either envy or hate, admire or
love his very name — the Nameless Sacred Prince, the successor of
Shem, the student of the stars ? — "
"Cease, Javanu, thy tongue is a river of repeated words. I
am not ignorant of this great nameless name. But is the name-
less Prince indeed Abram ? It was told in my boyhood that Abram
was hated and sought by Nimrod, Merodach, as the Assyrians call
him, for the babe had been prophesied about as the destroyer of
Nimrod's glory and prescience; the story ran that Nimrod had
killed seventy thousand helpless infants of Shem's descendants, in
order to make sure of this wonder-worker, Abram. Was not that
true?"
"True, my Eliezer, concerning the hatred of Nimrod, and of
the destruction of thousands of newly-born infants, born under the
tents of Shem. But what was not told shows how truth is masked
to resemble falsehood by the half-revealing. The Prince Abram
was carried by stealth to the royal abode of his progenitor, Shem,
in the city of Peace, Salem, and there reared to manhood under
the direct tutelage of that majestic son of Noah. Shem is still
30 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
alive, feeble and very aged indeed, but still able to administer in
the rites of his own religion, in which Abram has been carefully
instructed. He returns for the first time in twenty years to re-
sume his own Syrian name — to visit his father's household — and
who knows — to make himself sure as to the truth of the rumors
concerning the resplendent beauty of his kinswoman Sarai."
While the two men talked, the cavalcade had gone far beyond
the gate, and had forced its slower way through the crowd which
filled every portion of the city's confused streets. They avoided
the old portions of the ancient city, with its sinuous, muddy streets,
which were littered with domestic refuse and organic detritus,
and in which flocks of ravens and wandering packs of dogs per-
formed with more or less efficiency the duties of sanitary officers.
Whole quarters of the city were composed of huts made of pud-
dled clay, the low houses of crude unburnt brick, or as moderns
would term them, adobes. Some of these houses were surmounted
with domes of conical shape, both to make for greater light within
and to add a trace of comeliness to the exterior. Crowded and
noisy bazaars flanked the open squares of the city at this cool
hour of the day, and each trade was located in its own special lane
or alley, for such the side-streets really were.
The cavalcade rode along the handsome wide street, which
was garnished with the palaces and gardens of the rich, sur-
rounded on the outside as they all were, with protecting walls to
seclude the private life of the patricians from the rude gaze of the
public. Looking down upon this medley of individual dwellings,
were the two great temples, the old private temple of the Petesi,
Terah, set within his own spacious palace walls on the east end of
the city ; while the new and resplendent towers of the great public
Ziggurat, set upon its terraces, rising one above another, was
crowned with its glittering and gilded sanctuary, hundreds of feet
above the city proper.
The eyes of the Prince of Ur were fastened in growing hor-
ror upon this newly glittering mockery. But he only rode the
faster that he might gain the seclusion of his own palace ere the
noon-hour fell.
Within the palace all was bustle. The outriders had brought
news of Abram's approach, and slaves rushed to and fro, cham-
berlains issued hurried orders, officials donned robes of office, long-
unused treasures of curtain and vase were drawn from chests and
vaults, and placed on pillars and pedestals in hall and chamber :
slaves filled richly-carved vases with the green and scarlet of
flower and fern ; viands were hastily set out on the rectangular
dresser of moderate size in the huge kitchens, in which were sev-
eral fireplaces marked out by little dividing walls of burnt brick,
to accommodate the many pots and pans of various sizes. The
A PRINCE OF UR. 31
well which was sunk in the corner of this great kitchen down be-
low the substructure provided the water for culinary purposes.
Across the central courtyard there hurried the figure of a
slight, but well-built youth, whose light-brown curls were massed
in silky profusion above his square brows. He was clad in the
regal white abaya or tunic ; and his dainty hands and small feet,
sandaled with jeweled leather, proclaimed the student or the
dandy.
"Who comes thus into the palace of the Petesi of Ur?" he de-
manded of a huge, black woman running the other way.
"Hast thou not heard, O Mardan ? It is the Nameless Prince,
Abram, returning from Salem."
"Then why all this flurry ? One would think the Petesi him-
self, or even the great King Nimrod were approaching, to wit-
ness all this scampering and delight."
The black woman stopped and considered the speaker fixedly.
"Jealousy? Or fear?" she questioned, laconically.
"Why either? To be curious is to be wise."
"Wisdom rarely speaks."
"Except with tongue of silver." As he spoke, he drew from
his tunic a mass of silver coins, and with a charming, if super-
ficial smile, he filled the open hands of the black woman. She
still waited. She at least knew the value of silence.
"The Princess Sarai ! Canst make opportunity for speech
with her before the temple bells ring out for this evening service ?"
"Easier to seek the Princess Iscah."
"That is why I seek her not," the gilded youth laughed softly
in his curled and perfumed beard. "Thou hast no sympathy with
love ; but I can help thee to reach thy ambition."
The black woman used still her only weapon with this curled
and gaudy gallant. She asked no question.
"Wouldst climb the very summit of the Ziggurat, and sit
within as Ishtar? Thou wast promised the stars for thy crown,
remember, when thou wast begotten in Accadian courts. Why not
the Moon-crown?"
"Thou art of the spawn which makes women fools and men
criminals, O Mardan. Thou art thine own god and thy lust and
greed ''vill some day make thee fit associate of Nimrod, thy foster-
parent. Why seek me with temptation?"
"Thou art the gateway to my love."
"Who knows? Thou may'st yet be saved, as may my own
soul. We have drunk deep of this Assyrian devil-worship. But
love — aye love— that is the great force of the universe." The
black woman spoke gloomily, as if her soul waded in torments of
uncertainty, and her only chance for surcease lay in the renewal
of nughty eflfort.
32 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"The Prince Abram may seek the courts of his kinswoman,
Sarai^this night," she replied gloomily still.
"The Prince of Ur so far forget his royal courtesy as to in-
trude hmiself uninvited into the regal presence of the lady Sarai?
Surely not. Nay, Zillah, thy duty is to assist me, not to linger for
chances to serve Abram. If thou servest me well, thou shalt suc-
ceed and prosper ; if not"— the speaker reared his head, shot out
his arm, first to the east, then to the west, and then suddenly
thrust it towards the earth.
The black woman quailed as she replied :
"Thou canst thank thyself if the destruction thou dost proph-
esy for me doth also engulf thine own selfish soul. I will seek
the lady Sarai. Be at the Women's Court, at the south lattice, at
the hour of the moon-rising."
As she spoke, the sudden blare of trumpets announced the in-
coming of the regal party of Shepherd dukes with the Prince of
Ur riding at their head. Instantly, Marden hurried down to the
great gates which gave access to the interior of this spacious court-
yard. There were several gateways to the vast enclosure, which
included gardens, courts, palaces, barracks, towers and the high
towered temple or ziggarut which rose, terrace above terrace, in
the northern corner of the splendid enclosure. The two gates
opened from the principal facade. On each of the other sides of
the palace walls there was only one entrance. They were all arched
so low that admittance was not easily gained ; all were closed with
two-leaved doors of cypress or cedar, provided with hinges, which
turned upon two black stones set firmly in the masonry. Each
stone was inscribed with the name of Terah, Petesi of Ur, and
vicegerant or satrap of Nimrod, king and founder of Babylon.
The gateway towards which Mardan was hurrying possessed
a sort of covered way in which the soldiers of the external watch •
could take shelter from the heat of the sun, by day, and from the
chill of the night, or from the dews at dawn. This long, narrow,
dark corridor was flanked with two small rooms on each side for
the porters or warders, and led into the gigantic courtyard which
was surrounded with buildings of various sizes and designs.
This courtyard was a semi-public place, to which tradesmen,
merchants, suppliants, and functionaries of all ranks, had easy ac-
cess through the daylight hours. On the northeast angle was the
arsenal. The far southern end of the court opened into the en-
closure set aside for the Petesi and his male relatives. The ad-
ministrative officers and the large stafif who had charge of the
various portions of the household and soldiery were located near
these suites. The roofs of all the palaces were flat, and all the
way around the roofs of the outer enclosing huge walls of the
public or official palace there was a broad terrace filled with potted
palms and artificial verdure at the corners. Access to this broad
A PRINCE OF UR. 35
and slightly elevated promenade was gained by a staircase built
between the principal staircase entrance and the arsenal.
At the far distant north end of this great enclosure rose a
high and graceful private temple, or Ziggarut, which had been
greatly neglected in the long absence of the Petesi, who was chief
captain of Nimrod's warlike hosts; while the Prince Abram, just
now retvirning, had not been in Ur for twenty years.
The walls of the palace itself were of the sun-dried brick com-
mon to that rich alluvial plain of the Euphrates Valley, for no
stone nor timber was nearer than hundreds of hard miles, and the
builders made use of nature's provision, the brick of many shades
and colors. The walls were decorated by means of terra-cotta
cones, fixed deep into the solid plaster, and these were painted red,
black and yellow, forming interlaced or diaper patterns of chev-
rons, spirals, lozenges and triangles ; this mosaic of colored plaster
covered all the surfaces, both flat and curved, giving the whole a
most cheerful and gay aspect.
As the Prince Abram rode under the low archway, his kins-
man, Mardan, sprang to his horse's bridle and saluted him with
an overcharged enthusiasm that went deep into the soul of the
weary wanderer.
"Thou Magic Nameless Prince, my dear kinsman, lord of the
widened plains of Euphrates, matchless in wisdom, in truth and in
happiness, welcome, thrice welcome to the home of thy childhood,
to the palace of thy royal progenitor, and to the hearts of thy kin-
dred. I salute thee on thy cheek, by thy beard and by the Seven
Stars of the PlseideS."
Abram leaned his majestic form to meet the rushing tempest
of this unexpected greeting. Too tired, too full of emotion, to dis-
cern trifles, the Prince smiled warmly in the eyes of his handsome
kinsman and replied genially :
"Thou hast grown comely and courteous, my Mardan, since
last I saw thy stripling form. Join me this evening, when we shall
discover what time and absence hath done for us both."
"That shall I do, most royal Prince, but be not impatient.
There are many important matters requiring mine attention — both
for thy comfort and for the possible return of the Petesi, our pro-
genitor and Lord."
"Petesi ? Is there chance of his quick return ?"
"The hosts of Nimrod have this long time been engaged in
the final conclusion of the wars in the south country. Each day we
crv from the battlements of the city, the Petesi may return_ this
day, and each night we mourn that the day brought only disap-
pointment. Yet another cause shall bring the Petesi. and with him
our most glorious Emperor and Master, Nimrod, the mighty
Hunter of the whole world."
"Speak on, INIardan. This cause?"
34 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
With a slightly embarrassed air, as if he were treading on
delicate ground, as indeed he was, Mardan replied :
"Hast thou been so shut off from contact with worldly mat-
ters that thou art unacquainted with the completion of our majes-
tic Ziggarut, to be dedicated to the Moon-god immediately on the
return of Nimrod from his southern conquests?"
Abram's cheek paled, his lips set across his face in stern lines.
It was the sign for which his crafty kinsman had been watching.
With the intonation of one who would soothe and tame a lion,
Mardan spoke softly:
"Thou dost know full well that Nimord hath strengthened his
claims to supremacy by allying himself with the nature-worship of
these haughty Chaldeans. What matters it how one worships out-
wardly— if the heart be right within. The God of Noah is not a
respecter of persons."
"Thou speakest with the tongue of a Chaldean thyself, Mar-
dan. But I will have speech with thee in the later hours of the
evening. Thou art still young, and impressionable — it is the fault
of too-generous youth. Tell me, how are the ladies of the Petesi's
household. Thy mother — the young princesses, Sarai, Iscah, Irit,
and their mothers ?"
"Alas, there is but one of us so fortunate now as to call
Mother and receive living answer — thine unworthy servant who
speaketh to thee. The others passed to the Land of the Silver
Light in the long years of thine absence. Mine own mother is in
good health, but feeble, and seldom leaves her^ apartments for the
outer glare of the courtyard. She will welcome thee most royally
there and would joy to hear and bear converse with the Prince of
of Ur."
"Salute her in my name, Mardan, and prepare her for my
early presence on the morrow."
(To he continued.)
WORDS OF COMMENDATION
FROM A WELL-KNOWN CRITIC AND EDITOR.
Salt Lake City, Utah, Dec. 8, 1914.
I believe that the mission of the Bulletin has been valuable to
the sisters of the Relief Society and has done much good for the
cause of the Church.
Wishing you continued success, and the compliments of the
season, I remain.
Your friend and brother,
Edward H. Anderson.
Current Topics.
Jmnes H. Anderson.
INTERNATIONAL CHARITY.
The appalling conditions in Belgium, resulting from Ger-
many's invasion of Belgian neutrality in the present European
war, whereby approximately seven million non-combatants are
suffering untold hardships and are threatened with almost im-
mediate starvation, have called forth a highly commendable gen-
erosity on the part of the American public, in an endeavor to re-
lieve the sufferers, for the time being at least. If these un-
fortunate people are to be saved from death by privations and
resultant disease, there must be still greater liberality by Amer-
icans, covering a period of uncertain length. The work of this
relief is being carried on by special organizations brought into
existence for that purpose, and with excellent results. While this
is going on, the various branches of our own Woman's Relief
Society should not fail to realize that their work for the relief
of the deserving needy at home must not be overlooked. These
branch organizations are not to interfere with the work of Belgian
relief commissions, or other charitable committees which, while
more general in extent, are special in their character. The Relief
Society have a home obligation which necessarily demands their
chief attention. America's present industrial depression makes
this obligation more pronounced than usual, hence calls for in-
creased activity by Relief Society officers and members. A pleas-
ing feature of extending aid by the Society is that it is done with-
out advertising the recipients thereof. The fact that deserving
persons who may have become dependent by some misfortune
would have their feelings hurt and their influence for good limited,
by advertising the aid given them, suggests one of the several
reasons why our Society proceeds without such publicity. There
is a double blessing in liberal giving; but giving with ostentation
is selfishness which often obscures and even removes the blessed
effect. "When thou doest alms, cause not a trumpet to be sounded
before thee," is one of the Society's guiding rules ; at the same
time its members also are anxious to be fully mindful of giving
aid to the needy, hence are very desirous of having communicated
to them, without undue publicity, every deserving case where
such aid may be extended.
LOCAL TOPICS.
There is much public discussion, apropos of the 1915 ses-
sion of the Utah Legislature, of a revision of tlie system of taxa-
36 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
tion and of collecting- the public revenues. In view of the fact
that the public has been getting a full share of revenue, so far
as property-owners generally are concerned, the proper economic
expenditure of funds that are collected under the present system
is of greater importance in the minds of the taxpayers than is
any change in system which may provide a more refined method
of squeezing the individual's purse for the swelhng of the public
treasury. What the people want is less waste of public funds in
state, county and municipal duplication of work, less individual
junketing and joyriding at public expense, less instances of em-
ploying half-a-dozen persons to do the work of three, and more
practical economic results from the expenditure of money gathered
under the present system, rather than changes to increase revenue
for further extravagance. Something that will check the pre-
vailing craze of public officials generally to get from the individual
all the cash they can, and that will change existing conditions
into the process of leaving a reasonable amount of means for the
homes of the wage-earners and taxpayers, would particularly in-
terest, at this stage of the proceedings, the wives and mothers
who preside over those homes. Public extravagance and private
economy are an ill-matched pair.
NATIONAL INTERESTS.
The large centers of population in the United States now
are scenes of special effort to protect girls from the terrible degre-
dation of immorality ; and various methods are suggested and fol-
lowed to attain this most desirable end. Yet one often wonders
why it is that for this purpoes so little insistence is made upon
the morality of the other sex, which so vitally affects the situation.
Men cease to be a dominating menace to the welfare of woman-
kind only when they learn to place upon personal virtue of both
man and woman a value high as upon life itself. No matter how
exalted his position, how great his wealth, how highly educated
he may be, or how refined his tastes in many respects, the youth
or man whose personal morals are deficient is a social viper
whose companionship should be shunned by the self-respecting
Igirl or woman as she would shun a poisonous reptile ; and workers
for woman's welfare cannot learn too soon or too thoroughly
this vital lesson.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. vVilliams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M.P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beattie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddington
Mrs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor SusA Y'ouNG Gates
Business Manager Janette A. Hyde
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II January, 1914. No. 1
Genesis. The most interesting phase of human life is its be-
ginning— the entrance into life of a human soul,
with its beautiful and grave possibility. The early spring is
the most delightful time of the year, when the pussy willows
are blushing under the warming rays of the sun, and the deli-
cate greens of the ditch banks are showing through the brown
earth crust. The organizations of materials for the building
of a great ship — the focusing of intellects on the launching of
some great national enterprise — all of these inspire the deep-
est reverence, and the most earnest thought.
Creation. The creation of a world, of a house, or of a loaf of
bread, is but the assembling of forces and mate-
rials which are co-existence with our Heavenly Father. We
do not create anything materially ; we only fashion and
organize. Is this not true also of the spiritual world?
While we may seem to discover new truths, or organize new
forces, it is but our personal discovery of truths and forces
which are co-existent with us. We are like children playing
with a kaleidoscope. There are all the bits of glass, colored
and shaped, which lie before our eyes ; and, as we turn them,
they constantly form new combinations.
38 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Second Literary This new Relief Society Magazine which
Child of the the General Board are creating, with so
Relief Society. much hope, so much faith, some dread, and
fear, and trembling anxiety, — this new liter-
ary venture is not the first creation of this great Relief Society.
Brigham Young and Eliza R. Snow started the Woman's
Exponent, over forty years ago, with Lula Greene Richards as
editor, made it the organ of the Relief Society of the Church. The
wonderful work accomplished by that literary missionary under the
editorship of President Emmeline B. Wells will not be fully known
until eternity unlocks the doors of human endeavor, and gives us
the scales with which to weigh mortal efforts.
Watchful This magazine is, in its way, the new-born babe
Care Over of the Relief Society. All of us are more or less
Its Infancy, concerned in its parentage, birth, and beginning.
Its genesis, its creation, has become a part of the
lives of us all, and although its foster mothers of the General
Board may have an extra charge concerning its infantile years,
and the stages of its further development, still, it is to my
dear sisters of the Relief Society everywhere that the magazine
must look for nourishment, for support, for means of educa-
tion, and for full development. This magazine belongs of
right to every woman in the Relief Society throughout the
whole Church.
The Mission of It is impossible for us to be sure what any
Our Magazine. child of ours may become. How much more
impossible, then, to forecast what shall be
the future, the final character, of this literary infant, newly-
born. If the Editor of this enterprise might shape its policy
and fashion its fulfilment, she would have this magazine
filled vv^ith the Spirit of the Lord from cover to cover. In
order to do that, no article should be published which would
encourage vanity, hurtful luxury, sin, or any evil passion of
the human breast. Rather would we make of this magazine
a beacon light of hope, beauty and charity.
The Christian world have all the virtues. They practice
many of the moral precepts of true religion; they are charit-
able, kind, honest, and intelligent. They lack one thing, and
one thing only, and that is the Gospel of Jesus Christ in its
fulness, taught by those having authority. It is, therefore,
the spirit and genius of the Gospel which we would like to
develop and expound brightly, attractively, cheerfully, and
hopefully, to the readers of the Relief Society Magazine.
Guide Lessons.
This year our lessons will comprise four subjects. After
much thought and consultation, it has been decided to use our Lit-
erature and Home Gardening lessons as articles, or departments,
in our magazine. Therefore, we will have ten lessons each in
Theology, Genealogy, Ethics, and Art.
The lessons in Theology are taken from Gospel Themes, by
Elder Orson F. Whitney. This was used as a Manual in the
priesthood course, in 1914, and most of the sisters have access
to that book. Lest any should not, we are reprinting that portion
covered in our lessons.
The Genealogical Lessons are based on the Lesson Book
published by the Genealogical Society of Utah, and all the sisters,
practically, have that book. Hence, no material will be repub-
lished.
The Art Lessons are taken from Devotees and their Shrines,
and the sisters have this book also, or can easily secure it. Hence,
only outlines are given of this study.
We invite your serious attention to the lessons that follow,
and only add that the General Board stand ready to aid you
wherever and whenever you may ask for such assistance.
Lesson L
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Lesson H — The Law of Obedience.
(a) Man is Helpless.
(b) Redemption by Grace.
(c) Salvation by Obedience.
(d) Heaven's First Law.
(e) Illustrations of Obedience.
(f) Man's proper Attitude.
(g) Dead and Living Oracles.
What constitutes man's helplessness?
What is the meaning of grace?
What may be called heaven's first law ?
What is your idea of salvation?
In a seeming difference between a passage of scripture and
the word of a living oracle, which would you follow ?
40 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Man Helpless. — When Adam and Eve had transgressed
the divine command by partaking of the forbidden fruit, it was
as if the human race had fallen into a pit, from which they
were powerless, by any act of their own, to emerge. They
could not climb out, for they did not know how to climb; and
even had they known, there was no means by which to climb.
Human endeavor, unassisted, could accomplish nothing in the
way of deliverance. Man in his mortal condition needed spir-
itual enlightenment, having forgotten all that he had previously
known. In other words, he needed a ladder, that he might
climb out of the pit, and that ladder was furnished in the reve-
lation of the Gospel of Christ. Without it there is no salva-
tion, no exaltation. The Tower of Babel symbolizes the situa-
tion : All man's efforts to reach heaven, without divine assist-
ance, must end in confusion and failure.
Redemption by Grace. — The gospel ladder rests upon the
rock of Christ's atonement — an act of grace, a free gift from
God to all mankind — the wicked as well as the righteous. All
profit by it, for, as the result of that atonement, all are brought
forth from the grave. And this is eminently just: Adam's
posterity were consigned to death for no deed of their own
doing. It is fitting, therefore, that their redemption should come
unconditionally.
Salvation by Obedience. — But redemption is not salvation,
nor salvation exaltation, as already explained. Men must "work
out their salvation" (Phillipians 2:12), and gain exaltation by
continuous upward striving. Salvation and exaltation, while de-
pending primarily upon the grace of God, are also the fruits
of man's acceptance of the gospel, and his steadfast adherence
thereto, until it shall have done for him its perfect work. There
are degrees of glory — "many mansions" in the great house of
God, and the highest are reserved for those who render to the
Master of the house the fulness of their obedience.
"Salvation means a man's being placed beyond the power
of all his enemies. * * * Until a man can triumph over death,
he is not saved. * * * fQ gg^ salvation we must not only do
some things, but everything which God has commanded" ("Joseph
Smith's Teachings," pp. 146-150).
Heaven's First Law. — "Order is heaven's first law," says
human wisdom. "Not so," says divine inspiration, "obedience
is heaven's first law, and order follows as the result."* Without
obedience, spiritual growth, eternal progress, is impossible. Says
Joseph the prophet : "There is a law, irrevocably decreed in
heaven before the foundation of this world, upon which all bless-
ings are predicated ; and when we obtain any blessing from God,
*An idea advanced by President George Q. Cannon.
GUIDE LESSONS. 41
it is by obedience to that law upon which it is predicated" (D. and
C. 130:20, 21).
Illustrations of Obedience. — That obedience is required
from those who become and remain members of the Church of
Christ, should not surprise- any intelHgent student of pohtical
science, nor even a casual observer of the everyday life of men
and nations. All governments demand from. their people obe-
dience to the laws enacted for the general welfare. Without
such obedience, there would be no peace, no protection. This
is readily conceded by most men as to human governments ;
but some people think it strange that divine government should
be administered upon like principles, and for similar, though
higher, ends.
A friend of mine once said to me : "Why do I need to be-
long to a church, to subscribe to a creed, or to undergo any
ordinance, in order to be saved? I have always been truthful,
honest, virtuous, benevolent — why will this not suffice to make
my peace with God and pave my way to heaven?"
Aliens and Naturalization. — I answered on this wise :
"Let me use a comparison to illustrate the point. Suppose you
were an alien, born in Great Britain, in Scandinavia, or in some
other foreign land, and you came to America desiring to become
a citizen of the United States. When told that you must take out
citizenship papers, forswear allegiance to every foreign power,
and honor and uphold the Constitution and laws of this Republic-
suppose you were to reply: 'Why, what is the need of all that?
I am a good man, I have always done right, and am clean, moral,
and upright in conduct and conversation — why is that not sufficient
to entitle me to vote, to hold office, pre-empt land, and enjoy all
rights and privileges of an American freeman?' Do you think
such a plea would avail? No, you do not. You see its inconsis-
tency as quickly as would the government unto whom it might be
made. You would not expect to become a citizen of the United
States upon your own terms. Why, then, should you hope for ad-
mittance into God's kingdom upon any other conditions than those
which the King himself has laid down?"
Man's Proper Attitude. — Truthfulness, honesty, virtue, and
benevolence are precious possessions, inestimable treasures. They
enrich the soul under all conditions, outside or inside the kingdom
of God ; but they are not valuable enough to purchase a passport
into that kingdom. We must not count upon our personal qual-
ities, however admirable and commendable, to gain us admission
into the divine presence. Man's proper attitude, as a seeker
for salvation, is one of humility, not of self-righteousness. When
the Pharisee and the Publican prayed in the Temple at Jerusalem,
the former thanking the Lord that he was better than other men,
and the latter meeklv murmuring: 'God be merciful to me, a
42 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
sinner," the Savior, pointing to the Pubhcan, said : That man is
justified, rather than the other, "for every one that exalteth him-
self shall be abased, and he that humbleth himself shall be exalted"
(Luke 18:13, 14).
Obedience Better Than Sacrifice. — "Obedience is better
than sacrifice." So said obedient Samuel to disobedient Saul.
Adam's obedience in offering sacrifice without knowing why,
simply because the Lord had commanded him (Moses 5:6);
Abraham's obedience in offering Isaac — for the same reason-
was far more precious in the sight of heaven than the sacrifice
itself. In Abraham's case the will was taken for the deed, and
the Father of the Faithful was blessed as abundantly as if the sac-
rifice had been consummated.
Dead Letter and Living Oracle. — Suppose, however, that
Abraham had not obeyed the Lord's second command, "Lay not
thy hand upon the lad." In that event he would have been
in transgression, and could not have been blessed any more than
if he had disobeyed in the first instance. In the face of that second
command, he could not have pleaded consistently that he was under
obligation to obey the first. "My word is my law," saith the Lord,
and his latest word, even though it seem to contradict an earlier
behest from the same source, must always be given precedence.
The choice in such a case is between the dead letter and the
living oracle.
Genealogy.
Lesson III — Salvation Universal.
1. The origin and purpose of the Plan of Salvation.*
2. The fundamental principles of the Plan of Salvation.
3. Its application to all men.
4. The salvation of little children.
5. Vicarious baptism for the dead.
6. Illustrations on vicarious work and atonement.
7. Definition of general and individual salvation.
8. The "prison" for the disobedient.
9. The bridging of the "gulf" in the spirit world.
10. The preaching of Christ to the spirits in prison.
11. Degrees of punishment and glory.
12. Scriptural teachings on salvation for the dead.
13. The mission of Elijah.
14. Latter-day Temples.
15. The rejection of those who refuse to do work for the dead.
16. Organization of Genealogical Societies and publication
of genealogies.
*See Lesson Book on Genealogy.
GUIDE LESSONS. 43
17. The responsibility on Church members regarding this
18. The teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith on the sub-
ject.
19. What can be done by the Latter-day Saints?
QUESTIONS.
What is the Plan of Salvation?
How can it be made to apply to all men ?
What is vicarious salvation?
What do we understand by a spiritual prison-house?
What does Peter say in regard to the spirits m prison?
Quote the Prophet's words on the subject of our responsi-
bility towards our dead.
Home Ethics and Art.
HOME ETHICS.
Lesson IV — Ideal Human Character.
(a) Ethics is the science of the ideal human character.
Therefore, we begin our year's study with an inquiry into the
character of the Latter-day Prophet.
(b) A great writer has said that the measurement of great-
ness is the number of people who love and honor a man, and those
whom he loves and benefits. , , i-r ,
(c) Of all who have benefited by the Prophets hfe work,
hone owe him so great a debt as do the women of the Relief
(d) His courageous obedience to the word of the Lord,
his magnetic leadership, his oratory, his poetic insight into human
nature, his benevolence to all, his purity, and his untiring devo-
tion to truth, make the Prophet a tower of strength and light for
time and eternity. ^ , . . , . , ,
(e) All other gifts and powers of his mmd would have
counted him as nothing had he failed in his integrity to his mis-
sion. ,-1/^4.
(f) All created beings have the same claim on the Creator
that the Prophet had— provided each will obey the law of life,
here and hereafter.
questions.
What man's teachings in the Nineteenth century have had
the greatest influence on humanity?
Give the reason for this.
44 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Why do Relief Society women love and revere his name?
Which attribute was strongest in his character?
How do we know this has been the case?
Give an example of his wonderful influence and its effect.
How does the guidance of that good Spirit help in our home
circle?
ART.
Lesson V — Foreword.
Fear God, and give glory to him ; * * * and worship
him that made heaven, and earth, and the sea. and the fountains
of waters. — Rev. 14:7. Deny not the gfits of God, for they are
many ;**>:< remember that every good gift cometh of
Christ. — Nephi.
His foundation is in the holy mountains.
a. Review the December lesson on John Hafen.
b. Read the Foreword to Devotees and their Shrines. There
is something each of )^ou likes best to do : What is it ?
c. Read "Introductory." Which picture do you like best?
Why? Tell the great quality each picture has. Tell some of the
essentials for art. Why can't all the good qualities come in one
picture? (Simphcity would be lost).
The beautiful picture on our cover is one of the four bas-
reliefs on the base of the exquisite Sea-gull Monument in the
Temple Square, by our artist, M. M. Young. This picture formed
the cover design of one of the late numbers of Current Literature.
The artist is a grandson of President Brigham Young. His work
is dwelt upon by Mrs. Home in our text-book. Devotees and their
Shrines.
EDITORIAL NOTES.
In sending in subscriptions to the Magazine, kindly name
the postoffice address as well as the town. Write Christian and
surnames clearly; also write Mrs. or Miss before the names.
Please ask those sending in names also to mention stake and
ward to which they belong.
SHOP EARLY
We call special attention of Relief Society Shoppers and
friends in general to the Relief Society Advertisers
Directory in this magazine. Patronize
those who advertize with us.
Scrace's Bakery and Cafe
Fresh Bread, Cakes and Pastry Daily
Headquarters for Relief Society Visitors.
A Good Place to Eat.
E. L. SAUNDERS, Proprietor
Peone Wasatch 1230
24 South Main Street
THE I
UTAH STATE
NATIONAL
.;: BANK
SALT LAKE CITY
tiTAH
T T is the purpose
-■- of this Bank at
all times to v nder
helpful service and
make the handling
of your banlting
business satisfactory and pleasant.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK
Your Account is Cordially Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH, Pre». »/-'.'
When WE Make Your Por-
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The Thomas
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Phone Was. 3491 44MainSt,
What is Home
Without
THE
SATURDAY
NEWS
McCONAHAY'S Stock of Cameos said to be one
of the largest shown in the country.
We welcome the chance
to show them to yoa.
$1.00 to $3.00
McCONAHAY
THE JEWELER
64 Main Street
Salt Lake City
W. N. Williams, Supt. R. N. Wilson, Asst. Supt.
Clarissa S. Williams, Sec'y and Treas.
GUARANTEED FURNITURE AT
LOWEST PRICES
Our magnificent stock comprises goods from America's
most representative lines and our prices are always reasonable
Carpets, Rugs, Draperies, Linoleum, Ranges, Heaters, Go-Carts, Etc.
Home Furnishings of all descriptions for
CASH OR CREDIT
CO-OP FURNITURE CO.
Next Door South of Z. C. M. I.
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Wasatch 207 67 South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
THE HOME PIANO
OF AMERICA
Attractive in case design — beautiful in finish
— pure and sweet, rich and full in tone — the
Kohler & Campbell piano at once appeals
to the most exacting musician. 1000 homes
a month open their doors to receive one of
these world-wide favorites. Let YOUR
home open its doors for one this month.
"OLDER THAN THE STATE OF UTAH"
HERE are a number of good butters on this market.
Two, though, stand above and apart from the field.
They are super-quality butters: "Four-in-One" and
"Blanchard." For flavor, put-up and general super-
iority they have no equals. Yet we charge no
premium price. We only request that you be particular enough
to ask for them by name. "Four-in-One" comes packed four
quarter prints to the carton. "Blanchard" is the standard size
print.
Ask your dealer for
Z. C. M. I. School Shoes for Boys
They keep the feet warm and dry save unneces-
sary suffering and doctor's expense.
"MOUNTAINEER" and
"THE LEADER" Overalls
Don't Rip, are Honestly Made.
R. S. SEAL ON
POST CARDS
Mothers w4io write to mis-
sionary sons, girls who write to
sweethearts, school girls who
keep mothers posted, send for
our beautiful Relief Society
Card; 5 cents each.
Address —
MRS. EMMA A. EMPEY,
180 East South Temple,
Salt Lake City, Utah.
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
tive and moderate-priced articles
for rent or purchase, for use in
the Temple, should apply to
Relief Society Headquarters,
Room 29, Bishop's Bldg.
HOME VISITORS'
EXCURSIONS EAST
DECEMBER 19 and 22, 1914
Following low round trip fares will prevail
from Salt Lake City :
Denver or Colorado Springs $22.50
Omaha or Kansas City 40.00
Memphis ' 59.8.S
Chicago 59.72
St. Paul or Minneapolis 53.86
Proportionately low rates from other points on
the Oregon Short Line to the foregoing and
many other points.
See agents for particulars.
CITY TICKET OFFICE
HOTEL UTAH
SALT LAKE CITY
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
HOME OFFICE:
VERMONT BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
Relief Society Housekeepers. ATI ENTIP N
Do you want better homes? Brighter children? Then plan to attend the
ROUND UP
in the UTAH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
January 18th to 30th, Logan Utah
Great Agricultural and Economic Lights which will shine there:
C. B. SMITH, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
DR. S. H. BAILEY, Cornell University, Ithica, N. Y.
DR. D. A. BRODIE, U. S. Department of Agriculture
MRS. NELLIE KEDZIE JONES (Kansas)— Care of Children.
MRS. VERNETTA T. MORRIS (Chicago)— Art in the Home.
Vol. II FEBRUARY, 1915 No. 2
THE /
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
■■-n-i
WHEAT NUMBER
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
ROOM 29. BISHOPS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
$1.00 a Year— Single Copy 10c
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO.
NEWS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY
OUR DRUG STORE IS COMPLETE
PRICES RIGHT
We Solicit Your Patronage Prompt Attention to Mail Orders
TRY OUR QUICK LUNCH— IT'S DELICIOUS
FRESH FLOWERS DAILY
The Xmas Store for Men and Boys
Choose now while assortments are most complete. Best possible
values, of course.
UTAH'S GREATEST CLOTHING STORE
GARDNER & ADAMS CO.
IN THE KEARNS BUILDING
We give and redeem Security Vouchers
Marion Banks
FINE MILLINERY
at reasonable Prices
GOODWIN CORSETS
Charlton's
HOLIDAY SPECIAL
On Our Smart Line of
SUITS, GOWNS AND WAISTS
Have you seen our new handker-
chiefs and neckwear?
This ad. will redeem 1 0 per cent, on purchases at regular price.
242 SOUTH MAIN STREET
CULLEN HOTEL
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
FREE AUTO BUS MEETS ALL TRAINS
Fred J. Leonard, Manager
RATES
One person $L00 per day One person with bath. .$L50 per day
Two persons 1.50 per day Two persons with bath. 2.50 per day
WE DO NOT RAISE OUR RATES DURING CONFERENCE
The Relief Society Magazine
Owned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS,
FEBRUARY, 1915.
Mrs. Elizabeth Ann Whitney, Miss Eliza R. Snow
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells Frontispiece
A Fragment Sarah E. H. Pearson
The Mission of Saving Grain 47
Grain Saving in the Relief Society 50
Give Us This Day Our Daily Bread Alice Merrill Home 59
Wheat Values ' Prof. F. B. Arnold 65
Genealogy 67
Clothing for Women The Two Sarahs 69
A Prince of Ur Homespun 71
Current Topics James H. Anderson 7c>
Home Gardening ;' 75
Notes from the Field 76
Editorial 79
Guide Lessons 81
The Song of the Wheat (Music by Evan Stephens,
Words by S. Y. G.) 87
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
AMERICAN THEATER
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., Vermont Building, Salt Lake City.
BUTLER'S BOOTERY, Salt Lake City.
CO-OP. FURNITURE, 35 South Main St., Salt Lake City.
CULLEN HOTEL.
CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DAYNES-BEEBE MUSIC CO., 45 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
GARDNER ADAMS.
JENSEN CREAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 555 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS, Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 321
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
South Main, Salt Lake City.
SCRACE'S BAKERY, 25 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street,
Salt Lake City.
THOMAS, Photographer.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Lake City.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY
HEADQUARTERS
For Approved Garments and Ladies' Utah Made
Dress Goods
Postage Prepaid and Samples Sent on Request
CUTLER'S, 36 Main Street
Established 1860 * Incorporated 1908
S. M. TAYLOR & CO.
UNDERTAKERS AND
EMBALMERS
SUCCESSORS TO
JOSEPH E. TAYLOR
The Pioneer Undertaker of the West
5 3 years in one location
251-253-255-257 EAST FIRST SOUTH ST.
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
EFFICIENT SERVICE
MODERN METHODS COMPLETE EQUIPMENT
THE BIGGEST PERMANENT THEATRICAL FEATURE IN
THE WEST—
THE AMERICAN THEATRE
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Under direction of
PROF. J. J. McCLELLAN
The finest pictures and the best music combine to make a wonderful
entertainment for the money.
A FRAGMENT.
By Sarah E. Hawley Pearson.
In tears and yet in trust we stumble on ;
One step ahead to know is all we ask ;
Light for the one day's duties to be done,
Strength for the one day's superhuman task.
Rest for the weary at its stormy close ;
Hope for the morrow ; peace beyond the strife ;
With eyes to see beneath the snow the rose ;
God and each other at the end of life.
MRS. ELIZABETH ANN WHITNEY MISS ELIZA R. SNOW
MRS. EMMELINE B. WELLS, STANDING
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. FEBRUARY, 1915. No. 2.
The Mission of Saving Grain.
From Remarks by President Emmeline B. Wells, at the Relief
Society Conference, 50 Oct., 1914.
At this present time in the history of the world and in the
history of our people, it seems necessary to talk about temporal
wants, including the saving of grain ; and I have been asked be-
fore this conference commenced, to speak of the mission given to
me in this work. First of all, I want to say that when I was quite
a young woman, I was at one time very ill, and Sister Eliza R.
Snow came to me. With me was Mother Elizabeth Ann Whitney,
who, in connection with another sister, helped to prepare the first
woman in the Relief Society for burial, and who was counselor
to Emma Smith in the presidency of the Society; she helped to
lay out for burial the first sister that died after the Society was or-
ganized,— a sister recently from England, whose daughter was
one of the wives of President Brigham Young. Sister Eliza was
secretary of the first society ; and when she administered to me, she
gave me a blessing which I wrote down at the time, and she^
said : "You will live to do a work that has never been done by
any woman, since the Creation." These were her words.
Well, one day toward the end of September, 1876, President
Young sent for me to come over to his office. Brother George
Reynolds, his private secretary, brought the message. The Ex-
ponent ofiice at that time was on the corner where the Alta Club
is now, so that I had only a little way to go. When I went over,
the president said:
"I want to give you a mission ; and it is to save grain. The
brethren tell me, that the sisters want them to sell the grain to
buy bonnets and other finery." In those days we did not wear so
many hats, you know, nor silk dresses, silk ribbons, and the like.
President Young continued : 'T want the sisters to save the
grain, and I want to give you a mission. I want you to begin
by writing the strongest editorial that you can possibly write upon
this subject."
48 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
I felt very timid, and was just about trembling, when I went
'to talk the matter over with President Wells. He was sitting out
on the porch of his own home where hundreds of you have seen
him, where the Templeton now stands. I told him what President
Young had said, and added : "You will have to help me."
He replied, "I am not going to help you ; you can do it
yourself."
I will say, though, that I went first to Sister Eliza R. Snow ;
and she said she couldn't help me, — it was given to me to do.
Finally President Wells consented that after I wrote the edi-
torial, he would look over it. And this is the way the grain
movement started among the Relief Societies.
We began that very year, and though we were laughed at, we
did buy grain, — the Relief Society did ; I did not do it myself —
the Relief Society gave money, and grain was bought that year,
and stored in President Wells' barn, where the Co-op is now,
back of the old home on the corner. We had quite a quantity
stored that year ; and the sisters also began in the several stakes of
Zion that had begun to be organized. I think there were fourteen
stakes organized, previous to President Young's death. In all
these stakes the sisters began, and that work has been kept up
until the present time. Yet we have been ridiculed more over this
than over any other one thing in the Relief Society.
I think that you can all realize that President Young had the
gift of prophecy, that he knew what he was doing, that he knew
what he was advising. Further than that, whether or not it was
known to him, it was known to the Lord that I would live to the
old age I have. At any rate, I have lived to this day to tell you
this story about the beginning of the saving of grain, and to
counsel you to be diligent this year, not only in saving of wheat,
but in the saving of everything else that can be saved and pre-
served in the way of provisions. I think we all have ribbons
enough, may be, to last us for a little while, and scarfs enough,
and while perhaps we have not all kinds of clothing enough, we
have a "good deal," and we can all do something more for the
saving of grain if we do a little: less of some other things. For
we are not only to save grain, but we are to save everything else
that can be kept for a time of need, and take good care of it,
and get the best advice we can to help us to do it.
The Presidency of the Church will take care of all the
grain in the elevators, that the sisters choose to arrange for ; and
my advice is to buy grain with the money that you have on hand.
First of all, you should consult with the presidency of your own
.stake, and the bishops of the wards, and get such advice from them
as they see fit to give. I hope we have not been careless ; do
try and see what you can save, in the way of grain and other
things, and use what money you feel disposed to use for this
THE MISSION OF SAVING GRAIN. 49
purpose, by the consent and approval of the authorities of your
own stake and your own ward. I think you should have some
expert help in buying the grain, because, in the first editorial on
the subject, published in the Woman's Exponent, m October, 18/6,
appears a paragraph which President Young dictated to be added
President Young, George Reynolds and myself, I think, were all
who were in the office at that time, all are dead now excepting my-
self President Young dictated and Brother Reynolds wrote the
last paragraph in the article that I am speaking about, m which
he says • "The brethren are to assist the sisters m this work, both
in gathering and preserving the grain," meaning places to put it.
I think that he even said, "in building granaries. I hold a
receipt from the tithing office here in this city for quite a
large quantity of grain that was stored in that early day. Ut
course, it has been changed over and over again. The re-
ceipt is signed bv Joseph Kingsbury, who was a clerk ot
Bishop Hunter's. Bishop Nibley has since seen the receipt and
he savs that Joseph Kingsbury's name is as good as any bishop s.
Now' whether this was the peculiar mission to which bister liliza
referred in blessing me— that I should live to do a work that
had never been done by any woman since the Creation— i may
leave you to say. , • .1 • c
In any event, the work that has been done in the saving ot
o-rain is unusual and unique for women. Joseph in Egypt was
t'he onlv one that saved and stored grain for a great people, bo
it may 'be said that Sister Eliza's prophecy has come to pass, as
have many other prophecies that she uttered.
We add here an interesting extract from the Era, giving
the history of the Koford wheat which is now used quite ex-
tensively in this state:
"In the year 1870, a mound in a field, near Payson, Utah,
was excavated by Amasa Potter, an intelligent farmer residing
then and now in that town. He found two skeletons, some imple-
ments and pottery, and a stone box. In the box were a few grains
of wheat Those that were bright he planted, and raised a few
head of the wheat. He planted this seed the following season,
and raised about a bushel and a half. This was distributed among
a few of the farmers, some of it being sent to the Departnient ot
Agriculture at Washington, together with the relics which were
purchased for the Bureau of Ethnology. The wheat was found
to be far superior as dry-land wheat to other varieties, producing,
according to the statements of those who experimented with it,
about eight bushels to the acre more than any other. -Edward
H. A^^5ERS0N, Editor, Improvement Era, November, 1907.
Grain Saving in the Relief Society.
The following interesting history of the origin and continua-
tion of the grain movement was prepared, eight years ago, by
Sister Annie Wells Cannon, who was Chairman of a Committee
appointed by the General Board, in 1906, to do this work.
Since that time, this vast store of wheat has been added to
until, at the present time, we have 157,000 bushels of wheat on
hand, with granaries owned by the Society, valued at over
$33,000; while, during the year 1913, $6,000 was received for
wheat funds, and $22,000 was received for wheat sold.
Wheat is turned over in the bins, and is also sold occasionally
at the end of two or three years, and replaced with fresh wheat.
Now, more than ever, the sisters engaged in this enterprise
should consider the call for saving wheat as that of divine inspi-
ration.
We still have with us, as a very precious historical figure, the
woman who was chosen by revelation to President Brigham
Young, as a leader in this wonderful grain saving movement. Like
Joseph of old, she has stood as a beacon light for the women of
this people in this glorious work.
President Emmeline B. Wells will be 87 years old, on the
last day of February, and it is in compliment to this marvelous
woman that we have made the February number of our Magazine
a special wheat number. The Magazine contains not only this
excellent report which follows, but also a full article on wheat
and bread from the pen of Mrs. Alice Merrill Home, who is a
member of the General Wheat Committee, while other writers
treat upon this subject in the various departments of the Mag-
azine.
We join with every woman in this Church in saluting our
beloved President, on this auspicious occasion, and in offering up
our love and gratitude to our Heavenly Father that she is
spared to see this day. A day when, no doubt, she will be able
to see clearly through the devastating wars which are now raging
in Europe, that the mission which was given her, so many years
ago, was not in vain. Many hungry babies will be fed, many
starving mothers will be rescued, no doubt, through the faithful
integrity of President Emmeline B. Wells and her associated sis-
ters in this Society, in saving grain for famine need.
The report which was printed in circular form in 1906, fol-
lows:
GRAIN SAVING IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 51
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE GRAIN STORING BY THE WOMEN OF ZION.
Prepared by a Committee of the General Board
Appointed by the General President, Sister Bathsheba IV. Smith.
Early in the fall of 1875, President Brigham Young sent for
Sister Emmeline B. Wells to come to his office, as he had some-
thing important to tell her. Sister Wells was then the associate
editor of the Woman's Exponent, and she supposed the question
was something relating to her work on the paper. When she met
the President, he told her he wanted the women of Zion to begin
to save and store grain against a day of famine, and that she was
to lead out in this matter, and also through the columns of the
Exponent must agitate this question. Following President
Young's counsel Mrs. Wells wrote an editorial on this question
and pubHshed it in the Exponent of October the 15th, 1876. This
editorial was submitted to President Young and approved by him,
before published. The editorial referred to, entreated the sisters
to be in earnest, repeating the counsel of President Young, his
warning concerning the time of famine that would one day extend
over the land. President Young said the Relief Society and co-
operative organizations in which some of the sisters were inter-
ested, had means at their disposal from time to time and they
could use such means in buying and caring for the grain. He
further advised the sisters to enter into such arrangements as are
applicable to their circumstances in their various districts and set-
tlements, to build storehouses for the storing of grain in the sec-
tions of the country as they shall divide off or apportion to certain
localities, also that they solicit donations from their husbands and
the brethren to assist them in carrying out this enterprise, both
for the building of the storehouses and in obtaining grain to fill
them and preserve it for future need. The enterprise thus started
was talked about in the different gatherings of the sisters from
time to time, both Relief Society and Retrenchment organizations,
and the signs of the times at that time seemed to point to a realiza-
tion of the prophecy of a famine, for the grasshoppers had made
great havoc among the farms and fields of the husbandmen, and
for two years these little pests nearly devoured all the grain, but
the people conquered them and again the harvests were plentiful.
On Novmber 1st, 1876, Mrs. Wells published a second article
in the Exponent, which like the first one was submitted to and ap-
proved by President Young, strongly urging the societies in the
different localities to go to work immediately in this matter and
send in reports. At this time it was quite evident that decisive
steps be taken towards forming an organization for the special
purpose of storing grain. Accordingly, at a regular meeting of
the Retrenchment Society, in the Fourteenth Ward Assembly
52 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Rooms, held November 11, 1876, and presided over by Sister Eliza
R. Snow in the absence of the President, Sister M. I. Home, all
the leading sisters present spoke upon the matter, and by motion
of Sister E. R. Snow and the unanimous vote of the meetting.
Sister Emmeline B. Wells was appointed chairman of the Central
Grain Committee, and she then selected Sisters Eliza R. Snow
and Bathsheba W. Smith as her assistants. Elizabeth Howard was
made secretary and Priscilla M. Staines, treasurer. At this meet-
ing Sister Snow read a communication from Bishop R. T. Bur-
ton in respect to storing the grain in the General Tithing Office,
stating that the different wards that have not suitable storehouses
could store their grain there, but would be expected to attend to
the arrangement themselves, as the hands employed there had
no spare time.
The Central Committee were supposed to be kept posted in
regard to the different ward and branch committees, in order that
there might be a concert of action and a complete system of man-
agement.
At this time it must be understood that the grain storing was
not given to the Relief Society, but to all the women of Zion.
On November 17th, 1876, a meeting of the Central and Ward
grain committees was held in the Social Hall. At this meeting a
Central purchasing committee was appointed. The committee
were Sisters Elvira S. Barney, Elizabeth Howard and Sarah M.
Kimball. The presidents of several Relief Societies spoke, all fa-
voring taking immediate action towards getting grain and learn-
ing the best methods of caring for it. The chairman, Mrs. Wells,
said Bishop Hunter had told the sisters there would be plenty of
room in the Tithing Office for their wheat, both for the Central
Committee and the Wards. Sisters E. R. Snow, L. G. Richards
and others argued in favor of having all the wheat in bulk and at
one place, and under one committee and not in the several
wards.
Sister Eliza R. Snow addressed this meeting as follows :
"It is a very important occasion that has called us together,
probably such as never occurred on the earth before. The Lord,
through his prophet, has called the mothers of Israel to prepare
for a famine, which makes the subject we are called on to discuss
a grave one. We are well assured that the time is fast approach-
ing when the Lord will pour out his indignation on the nations,
and although we should escape, we will feel the effects in a na-
tional capacity. Our hearts must be hard indeed if we will not
feel for those who may come to us for help. The Lord showed
his servant Joseph that such things would come, and it was of
such a nature and so distressing and revolting to humanity to wit-
ness, that he asked the Lord to close it up. We can see from what
has passed that the predictions of the servant of God have been
GRAIN SAFIN G IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 53
fulfilled to the letter. The prophet of today has now called on
the women of Zion to purchase and take care of wheat, and I
hope we may act with wisdom that the blessing of God may rest
upon our labors."
Though there was a Central Committee and Central Pur-
chasing Committee,, still the several wards were also allowed
to have committees, and each ward had the privilege to choose
whether to save and store with the Central Committee or by itself.
Tt was reported at this meeting that Manti had already stored
about seventy bushels of wheat, and othef towns reported a be-
ginning in the matter, while Morgan, Summit and Wasatch coun-
ties reported their wheat crop nearly all destroyed by early frosts.
Earlv in the year of 1877 reports came from various wards that
Painting by John Hafen, in the Beehive House
HARVEST FIELD.
grain committees had been organized. These usually consisted
of a number of sisters to visit through the ward or settlement and
solicit means with which to buy grain, and the ready response
made to this call was quite remarkable. Within the first three
months Mendon,Wellsville, Riverton,Smithfield,each reported 100
bushels; Mill Creek 100 bushels and $13.00 with which to buy
wheat ; Gunnison reported 344 bushels and that they had resolved
to add weekly to the amount. The Bishops in the different wards
loaned the use of bins in their own storehouses until the sisters
could build granaries. The Retrenchment organization joined the
Relief Society in this movement and even the children helped
srather the wheat.
54 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
At the dedication of the Kaysville Ward Relief Society
House, President Daniel H. Wells, in speaking of the work of the
sisters in their various duties, said : "To some people it may seem
curious to ask the assistance of the sisters in taking measures in
the saving and storing of grain. Why should it ? Should a fam-
ine come, the women would have to suffer hunger as well as the
men. In the storing of grain the men have been tried for years,
but they have continued to let the grain go. Now we want to see
if the sisters will be more successful. It is good to store up for a
time of need. It is wisdom that we should treasure up our grain."
In April, 1877, the Exponent again published the editorial
containing President Young's counsel and advice to the sisters on
the grain storing. Also urged the Saints that their prayers might
be offered up in behalf of a fruitful year that our harvest would be
plentiful.
This year, 1877, the sisters not only bought wheat and ex-
changed the labor of their hands for grain, but after the harvest-
ing went in to the fields in large parties and gleaned, thus very
materially increasing the amount of wheat in their storehouses.
The Bishop of Gunnison called for volunteers every Sabbath
among the brethren to take their teams and carry the sisters to
the fields and home again. The gleaning was considered a clear
gain and was carried on for some years. During this year the
leading sisters in Relief Society work, namely, Sister E. R. Snow,
Z. D. H. Young, Bathsheba W. Smith, Emmeline B. Wells, Sarah
M. Kimball, M. I. Home, E. Howard, Phebe Woodruff, Jane S.
Richards and others, visited the different wards and settlements
throughout the Territory and urged the sisters to be unfaltering
in the work, and the columns of the Exponent contained much
counsel on this subject. From one article, "To Women's Organ-^
izations Interested in Storing Grain," we make the following
extract :
"It must be understood by all who heed the counsel of Presi-
dent Young in this matter, that the grain is being stored for Zion,
that no person, or committee, or president of society, has the right
to draw out or dispose of any of it, for any purpose. The design
is to secure as much as possible, to garner it carefully and when
the right time comes to use it; the proper method of disbursing
will be revealed by those who hold in trust for Zion, in as plain
and simple a manner as was the counsel to purchase and store it."
In August, 1877, President Young died, but his advice was
heeded just the same, and on November 17th, the same year, the
annual meeting of the Central Grain Committee was held, this
time in the Council House. The chairman, Mrs. E. B. Wells,
then reported the aggregate amount of grain in good condition
stored within the year, since November 17th, 1876, to the present
time, November 17th, 1877, as 10,465 bushels. Of this amount
GRAIN SAVING IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 55
2995^ bushels were gleaned by the sisters, 59 bushels were bought
with Sunday eggs saved by the sisters of Deweyville, Box Elder
county. Also 7,358 pounds of flour, and cash on hand with which
to buy wheat $329.10, besides quilts, carpets, and other products
of the sisters' hand work, which they intend disposing of to buy
wheat. Granaries had been built in the 15th and 11th wards of
this city. This report included Salt Lake, Utah, Millard, Beaver,
Sanpete, Sevier, Summit, Tooele, Davis, Weber, Morgan, Cache
and Box Elder counties. There were several settlements not re-
ported.
Present at this meeting were President John Taylor, Presid-
ing Bishop Edward Hunter, Sisters E. R. Snow, Bathsheba W.
Smith, Phebe Woodruff, Elizabeth A. Whitney, M. I. Home, Z.
D. H. Young, E. Howard and a large congregation of women
of this city and near localities. Bishop Hunter made the follow-
ing remarks :
"It has been said that bread is the staff of life ; when we first
came to these valleys, and indeed since then, we have suffered for
the want of it. We don't want to go through so severe a trial
again ; at all times we should have wheat on hand. The Lord has
been merciful to us, he has blessed us with much grain and much
of it has been wasted, but in the future I hope we will be more
careful of what the Lord has so abundantly blessed us with. Our
Relief Societies are doing much good. They have saved much
suffering and have been a great help to the Bishops. They have
the Priesthood, a portion of Priesthood rests upon the sisters.
They are doing a good work and particularly the storing of grain
is commendable."
President Taylor's remarks on this occasion were quite
lengthy and full of wise counsel to the sisters on the various lines
of their work, but about the grain he spoke as follows :
'T consider this gathering and storing of wheat as of great
importance. I am pleased to find that you have succeeded as well
as you have, yet you have not a great deal, considering the size of
the Territory, but you will increase. It puts me in mind of the
history of Joseph. It took seven years in that day to prepare for
the seven years that were to come. We have not any defined
time, but we will have to keep pace with our families, which you
know are increasing rapidly. If you sisters can help us and suc-
ceed in saving wheat for a case of emergency, it zvill he one of the
greatest acts of statesmanship that could occur. We have been
careless, we did not save our wheat as we should have done, and
now if the sisters take heed to these things the men will find out
that their wives have been wise in doing this thing according to
counsel. I am pleased to see that the young ladies are taking an
active part in the work."
Remarks were also made at this meeting about the gathermg
56 RELIEF SOCIErV. MAGAZINE.
and care of the grain by the prominent women present, and the
sense of the meeting was that greater exertions should be made the
following- year, and that the wheat and wheat money should be
kept entirely separate from other accounts. Also that the wheat
donated should not be taken for building storehouses, but that the
brethren should be asked to help in this matter.
In 1878 the sisters were advised to plant and store beans as
well as wheat, as they were said to be easily raised and harvested
and required less care in preserving them, than any other product.
They are said to contain more nutriment than any other food, and
mice and weevils are never found among them. The Relief So-
cieties who have land at their disposal, where it is not convenient
to raise wheat, were advised to plant beans.
November 23rd, 1878, the annual grain meeting was held,
this time in the 14th Ward Assembly Rooms, Chairman Mrs. E.
B. Wells presiding. The report this year was 14,535 bushels of
wheat, 1,658 pounds of flour, and seven bushels of oats, added to
the report of the previous year made a total of 25,000 bushels of
grain. At this time thirteen granaries had been completed by the
sisters.
November 15th, 1879, the fourth annual grain meeting was
held and much of interest about the grain gathering was said
by Sisters S. M. Kimball, B. W. Smith. Phebe Woodruff. S. M.
Heywood, Sophia Nuttall. Hannah T. King, Prescinda Kimball
and others. About this time several settlements sent in reports
of granaries built and wheat saved, and gleaned, which had not
before reported. At the different stake conferences the sisters
rceived much encouragement from the Presidents of Stakes.
At the Jubilee Conference, x'Vpril, 1880, the sisters voted to
loan the wheat to the Bishops for the poor. On this question the
sisters were requested to vote first separately. It was the woman's
part of the blessing to the poor in the jubilee year, but the Bish-
ops were the responsible parties and gave receipts therefor, with
the promise to return the same quantity of wheat to the sisters'
keeping.
After this step the question often arose, "Can the sisters loan
the wheat and receive so much on the bushel ?"
The question was answered editorially in the Exponent in
this way :
"Providing the transaction is perfectly just and business-like,
it might be done and the store increased, but no such counsel has
ever been given by authority, and were the sisters to pursue this
course, some unforeseen need might arise, and the wheat be
loaned out just when most needed. The counsel at first given and
never recalled, was that the wheat was to be kept stored up until
GRAIN SAVING IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 57
it was called for by the presiding authority of the Church, and it
was not proposed to traffic in it." — Ed. May 15, 1881.
About the time of the organization of the Mutual Improve-
ment Associations, which embraced the societies known as Re-
trenchment organizations, the storing of the wheat passed entirely
under the management of the Relief Society.
The central organization of the Relief Society was effected,
or perfected, by President John Taylor, in June, 1880, and our per-
fect system made this more advisable. Therefore the work of the
Central Grain Committee was absorbed by the Relief Society ;_ but
each Society was told to have a separate secretary and committee
Painting by John B. Falrl^anks, belonging to Dr. and Mrs. C. F. Wilcox
A HARVEST SCENE.
for the grain. This arrangement has since been done away with,
and the grain is now classed along with other holdings under the
one single organization.
Doubtless owing to the bins having been opened at the Jubilee
time and the loaning of the wheat to the brethren for seed the
close care of the grain heretofore maintained was no longer kept,
and frequently the sisters were called upon to either loan the
wheat o? sell it and loan the money to assist in building or repan-
ing ward and stake meeting houses, and for other purposes.
The Relief Society sisters feeling this to be an importan
trust g?ven them, appealed to the Fir.st Presidency for advice, and
the result was the following :
58 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"Salt Lake City, July 9th, 1883.
"To the Bishops of the Various Wards:
"Complaints have reached us to the effect that in some of the
wards of the territory a disposition has been manifested by some
of the Bishops presiding, to take possession of and disburse the
wheat which has been collected by the members of the Relief So-
ciety.
"This wheat has been collected by the members of this soci-
ety in the various wards at considerable trouble, and they are the
proper custodians thereof, and responsible therefor to the parties
from whom it has been obtained.
"No Bishop has any right, because of his authority as a pre-
siding officer in the ward, to take possession of this grain. It be-
longs to the societies who have collected it, and it is their province
to dispose of it, for the purpose for which it has been collected,
and it should not be appropriated or disposed of by the Bishop
for any other object.
"John Taylor,
"George Q. Cannon,
"Joseph F. Smith,
"First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-
day Saints."
Up to the present time the Relief Society has continued to
save grain and build granaries, and our report for the years 1905-6
is as follows :
153,753 bushels and 43 pounds of grain.
15,323 dollars and 7 cents cash.
We have no record of the exact number of granaries, but
there are many. Sanpete Stake reports that every ward in that
stake owns a granary and they have always had a plentiful supply
of wheat.
While up to the present time no universal famine has come
upon the land, there have been instances among our own people
where the sisters' grain has been the means of preventing suffer-
ing. In Parowan Stake, in 1898, and again in 1901, there was a
drouth, and the people had no crops. The Relief Society was
' called upon and opened their granaries and gave out 2,000 bushels
of wheat to the people.
Respectfully submitted,
Annie Wells Cannon,
Emily S. Richards,
Rebecca E. Little,
Harriet B. Harker,
Committee.
Give Us this Day Our Daily Bread.
By Alice Merrill Home.
The bread a family eats, indicates not its wealth nor social
standing, but rather, the house-mother's power of discrimination,
skill and training. Who shall say that the common people are
not the best fed ? The best loaf comes from the hands of the best
cook, other things being equal, but even the best of cooks must
fail, having poor flour.
President Brigham Young set the women to the task of
storing grain that we might supply bread in time of famine or
pestilence. We are no longer preaching the storing of wheat
only for the quantity obtained, but emphasize also the quality
of that wheat. Our Government is assisting us. through practical
education, to understand our larger duty in this regard. The
Government has endowed agricultural schools and experiment sta-
tions, published bulletins, provided public lectures and demonstra-
tions, to inform us on vital questions which have a bearing upon
our life, health, and especially oUr home-grown products.
OUR LARGER DUTY THE BEST LOAF.
We, who are actively engaged in storing Relief Society grain
should embrace these opportunities to post ourselves on ever}-
phase of the wheat and bread question, so that we may not only;
know hozv to raise the best grain to produce the best flour, to make]
the best loaf of bread, but to intelligently devote our influence to-"
ward a swift standardization of wheat for the Intermountain
States.
CULTURE.
Good bread-making is not merely a matter of education, for
the good bread-maker must not only know how, but must take!
pride in making the best bread. She should have enough exper^j
ience to discriminate between success and failure, and she shouklj
gain technical knowledge in handling her material. This is culture.!
and culture is gained in more ways than one. Unlike polish, which;
may be rubbed on as a sort of veneer, culture unfolds from within.'
The training one gets in understanding the nature of growing|
things adds largely to the richness of one's aethestic nature. In:
fact, every power of discrimination between the good and bad.;
the fit and unfit, is culture. When a truth is seized by the indi-
vidual, that is education ; but when it is put into use by the indi-
vidual, and that operation is repeated enough times to form^ a
habit, it becomes that person's second nature. So that habit lies
60
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
at the root of culture quite as much as does education. Through
education, we learn the enormous destructive power of filth.
But after all, cleanliness — comes not so much from the knowledge
of the microbe as from personal effort to banish it from our homes.
Intelligent application of our knowledge is the main spring of
the great labor that keeps things around us sweet and clean.
There is one other great subject on which the question of
bread bears, and that is health. Flour consists of five properties —
gluten, starch, sugar, fat, and mineral matter. The gluten or
protein is the valuable food constituent. It is really the meat in
the flour ; gluten makes the dough elastic, and the stronger and
more .elastic the gluten, the better is the flour for bread. The
gluten, too, holds the dough together, when gas forms through the
action of yeast. The larger the amount of gluten, the more de-
licious and nutritious is the bread.
A MATTER OF HEALTH.
Good bread will go much further toward body-building than
anv other kind of food. One pound of bread — costing about 5
cents — will go as far as two pounds of meat — costing from 30 to
40 cents. This is not true of the poor loaf which comes from the
soft wheats which carry a low percentage and poor quality of
gluten. "Flighest in price, but worth the money," is printed on
every sack of the best eastern Turkey-red flour ; and the legend
From painting by Edwin Evans, belonging to Mr. and Mrs. Heber J. Grant
HARVEST FIELD.
GIVE US THIS DAY OUR DAILY BREAD. 61
is true, — we are all willling' to pay more to get the best bread.
To satisfy this growing demand for the best bread, Utah alone
imports four hundred carloads of eastern flour annually, there
being upwards of 35,000 lbs. to a car. Our Utah millers have
become alarmed over this tremendous loss, and are making a great
effort to get support from some of the great institutions such as
hospitals, hotels, and bakeries, in favor of Utah flour ; and in the
past two years, by securing the dry-farm Turkey-red wheat for
milling, they have succeeded in breaking down the barriers against
Utah-Idaho wheat to the extent that they now supply 25% of
that good flour. The flour, "highest in price, but worth the
money," and this includes our own Turkey-red flour, feels like dry
cracker dust. From actual home experience, we have demon-
strated that our Turkey-red flour is as good as this best eastern
product. Our soft-wheat flour is sold in the South for pastry
and cakes, and in other states, such wheat sells for chicken feed.
When we know that Utah, Idaho and Arizona can raise the
best wheat in the world, we should determine not to halt that
possibility. It can only be done by standardizing the winter dry-
farm Turkey-red wheat, the only kind our millers recommend for
bread. One variety of wheat, though it may not be the best, is
superior to a mixture of varieties ; for one portion of dough may
be light and ready for baking, while the other portions would still
be heavy.
THE RELIEF SOCIETY A FACTOR IN COMMUNITY ADVANCEMENT.
Our scientists, millers, and bakers agree, that the standard
wheat must be dry-farm Turkey-red wheat. Our initial step in
this movement must be in replacing our stored wheat with this
home raised Turkey-red. We will not be content with any short
of the best of that product. In selecting wheat for storage, keep
in mind that the best Turkey wheat is produced with the least pos-
sible moisture. The scientists say that wheat grown without any
rain, makes the best flour. For the best results, the grain should
be harvested in the dryest weather. Many parts of Idaho are
adapted to Turkey-red, and it is from Idaho that Utah millers
get most of their hard wheat. Why are Idaho farmers more
progressive than Utahns? Utah raises the most foolish crop of
wheat — dozens of varieties — while without any extra trouble, or
cost, they could unite with Arizona and Idaho, and have the best
wheat flour in the world.
If we could buy seed direct from the Dakotas, where Turkey
is the one standard wheat, it could help to rapidly establish our
bread on a firm basis. Buyers grade their wheat as hard, semi-
hard, and macaroni, according to the percentage of gluten, but the
Turkey-red brings 5 cents more per bushel than any other. A
62 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
practical farmer said yesterday: "Our soft wheats are sold for
chicken feed, but are not even recommended for hogs, as it has
been demonstrated by experience, that with two hogs weighing
exactly the same — the one fed on Turkey-red wheat in a few
weeks gained eight pounds over its competitor, and its meat was
hard and firm, while that of the other, fed on soft wheats, was
flabby and inferior." The Turkey-red wheat should be preferred
for a winter wheat because it is harder, much tougher than the
soft varieties. It will not winter-kill as do the other wheats when
intense cold comes in early winter, before the usual protecting
snow blanket has fallen. It is also a great producer. The expert
farmer quoted above, last year, raised fifty-three bushels to the
acre. He says further, the crop may fall down in yield, but will
gain what is lost in weight. The heads are made up of hard, dry
kernels, lying close together, the hull is very thin, and the berry,
which makes the flour, is extremely large. The dryer the kernel,
the more it weighs. Therefore, the dryer the wheat, the greater
will be the quantity of flour milled. If this flour pays well in the
Dakotas, where their average is less than nine bushels to the acre,
what wonderful results could we obtain ! Nevada stands first,
Utah second, on acreage, and what therefore may we not do with
our dryer climate, when this same Turkey-red wheat becomes our
standard, as it surely jnust do eventually, even though the move-
ment be retarded by indifference.
A LITTLE HISTORY.
Turkey-red wheat was brought to Colorado by a sect called
Ammites. They came from the shores of the Caspian Sea. A few
years only passed before this hard, red grain had created a
"furore" in that and surrounding states.
If we are snail-like in our acceptance of this blessing, we
cannot blame our own state agricultural colleges in the west.
They are the most up-to-date institutions in the United States, and
are making herculean efiforts to assist us in this standardization.
THE SEED.
Take the best seed available, and subject it to a solution of
blue vitriol to destroy any harmful germs. Get expert informa-
tion from the Utah Agricultural College on how much seed to
plant per acre.
Sowing should be in August, September, and October.
THE SOIL.
Plowing may be done in fall or spring. The land should be
summer-fallowed. The important thing is to follow each rain
GIJ'E US THIS DAY OUR DAILY BREAD. 63
with harrowing-, if possible, to form a mulch which conserves the
moisture — the hair-like natural ducts, that carry into the air the
stored moisture, are thus destroyed. Weeds must not be left to
scatter seed on wheat lands.
HARVESTING.
Turkey-red has a slight disadvantage in being a bearded
wheat, which makes it disagreeable to handle ; especially if the
"header" is used in harvesting. But with the combined header
and thresher, this unpleasantness is abolished. But with the lat-
ter method, a danger lurks — stacked wheat undergoes a sweating.
When the grain is taken directly from the field to the bin, this
Scveating takes place in the bin. Millers turn over their wheat at
least once a month to avert disaster from dampness, with conse-
quent fermentation, mold, or sprouting. They throw in dry,
slacked lime, to guard against infection from wheat weevel. More
Relief Society wheat has been destroyed from such causes than
most of us are willing to admit. Great precaution should be taken
for the protection of Relief Society wheat, by replacing every
bushel, at least once in two years. "I would recommend," says a
practical miller, "a change of wheat every year." Of course, this
should not be done before the succeeding crop is assured. The
changing of the wheat annually will not only provide a better
quality in stock, but will pay as a financial venture, for the
Society could arrange to buy when the price is low, and sell when
the price is high.
DIRECTIONS FOR STORAGE.
First, last and always, only Turkey-red winter wheat should
be stored. Suggestions :
1. Change wheat at least every other year.
2. Choose all of the wheat from one field.
3. Get the few best acres in one field.
4. Select the wheat that is raised and harvested in the
dryest weather. Keep your bins dry.
5. If possible, place the wheat in an elevator, or in a steel
bin which can be bought with a capacity of about one thousand
bushels.
6. Turn the wheat over often to prevent fermentation, etc.
7. Throw dry lime in the bins when necessary.
To accomplish all this and store your wheat, you may have
to barter and exchange your grain, but when the farmers under-
stand that your effort is to standardize the grain, they will gladly
aid you. If you follow these suggestions intelligently, you will
not be disappointed with a large shrinkage of your store.
64 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
SUMMARY OF REPORT OF THE WHEAT COMMITTEE.
1914.
General Board of the Relief Society, 1014.
The Utah Agricultural College professors agree that Turkey-
red is the wheat par excellence in protein qualities and is a great
yielder. The Lofthouse and Koford wheats are also excellent
varieties, and among dry farmers we find some who prefer one
or the other of these wheats to that of Turkey-red ; Gold Cain
also has many friends.
All things considered, however, it cannot be denied that the
Turkey-red variety is superior in protein contents ; it yields 36.8
per cent against 32.5 for Lofthouse and 31.5 for Koford.
The superintendent of Nephi experiment farm gives the fol-
lowing cost of producing wheat on dry farm lands in three coun-
ties of Utah :
Utah '. 30 bushels $5.60 per acre
Box Elder 25 bushels 5.47 per acre
Cache 27 bushels 5.35 per acre
Cache 24.6 bushels 5.95 per acre
Utah 7,000,000 bushels, average 29.2 bushels per acre
Nevada 1,000,000 bushels, average 30.7 bushels per acre
Average wheat yield per acre of the United States, 15.1
bushels.
Utah ships into the states about 400 cars of flour per year.
She exports about 40 per cent of the wheat raised.
The United States produced the largest crop of wheat in 1913
—763,000,000 bushels ; 1914—892,000,000 bushels.
All wheat is tested, the amount of gluten it contains deter-
mines the price — it runs from 17 to 40 per cent ; the. average is
about 25 per cent.
Wheat seed should be changed once in two years.
Where there are no local facilities for storing wheat with
safety, arrangements may be made with the Presiding Bishopric.
Mrs. E. B. Wells, Chairman.
Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon,
- Mrs. Emily S. Richards,
Mrs. Alice M. Horne,
Mrs. Ida S. Dusenberry,
Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas.
Grain Committee.
Wheat Values.
By Prof. F. R. Arnold, Utah Agricultural College.
Wheat has many values. From time immemorial it has fur-
nished us with the sfaff of life. In the opening years of this
century the growing and marketing of wheat furnished Mr.
Frank Norris with an epic background for two of the best Amer-
ican novels ever written, The Octopus and The Pit. And
here in the State of Utah wheat has a sentimental and economic
value that it acquires nowhere else. The 200,000 bushels stored
by the women of the Relief Society in their granaries throughout
the state, constitute a community reserve force that should be a
source of no small pride to the prudent housewives who have
amassed so much wealth through the slow years. This wheat
reserve means first to them the trust reposed in them by President
Brigham Young. 'T want the sisters to save the wheat," he said.
''They are the careful housewives. The men would speculate
with it." And so the sisters began working faithfully to save'the
wheat against a time of famine. Every year the famine specter
has grown less terrible and threatening but still the saving is going
on. In Paradise this year every woman gave a bushel. In Wells-
ville alone, they now have 4,000 bushels in reserve. Every one
who sees the granaries of the wards must think of the loving labor
and prudent foresight that have made them possible, since in pio-
neer times the sisters would often go gleaning themselves to get
the precious grain for the store house.
Many people argue nowadays that all these stored-up bushels
of wheat are just so much unproductive capital. These 200,000
bushels would suffice to plant an equal number of irrigated acres.
They would seed twice that number of dry-farm acres, that is,
one-fifth of the 2,000,000 undeveloped dry-farm acres of the state.
And as dry-farm wheat may produce as high as 62 bushels to the
acre, the increase of the Relief Society capital might easily be
higher than 1,000 i)er cent. These economical people alsu say
that war times will soon bring dollar wheat and therefore the
Relief Societies have a capital of $200,000. which at six per cent
could easily bring in $12,000 yearly for the poor, leaving the cap-
ital untouched.
All of this is perfectly feasible, but the would-be manipulators
of the Relief reserves forget that every business needs a reserve,
that Utah communities are business propositions and find in the
Relief Society granaries a community fund, a protective fund that
is of inestimable value against possible evils. Wheat is not always
so easy to come by in spite of the ever multiplying railroads and
the ever increasing wheat acreage in the United States and in
66 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Canada. One summer, six or seven years ago, a Jewish wheat
buyer from Boise came into Cache Valley. It was just before the
summer harvest and wheat was unpurchasable in Boise. He was
■surprised to find that the elevators in Cache Valley had wheat in
plenty, and when he found they were holding- it for the Relief
Societies, he exclaimed in genuine extra-Zionic ignorance, "What
are Relief Societies?" And on being enlightened, he declared,
"They are the grandest institution that ever was. I wish we had
them in Boise." And now every time he meets a certain Cache
V^alley miller he inquires respectfully about the well being and
storage conditions of the Relief Societies. Just now he would
tind no Relief wheat in the elevators, for the order has gone forth
for each Society to withdraw its wheat from all possible specula-
tion in the elevators and to guard it carefully in its own ward
granary against any possible famine that may result from the
European war. In past years it has been found more convenient
to handle the grain in the elevators than in the ward granaries, as
the wheat has to be "renewed" every two or three years, that is,
replaced by fresh grain. In this way the Societies have often sold
grain for seed to poor or improvident members of the community
l)ut have usually received their wheat back at harvest time with a
])eck interest per bushel.
Thlis there is a certain part of the Utah grain which never
gfets into the grain exchanges of the eastern cities such as Minne-
ajiolis and Chicago, for the marketing of wheat is perfectly organ-
ized and ih no other commodity does the middleman make so little
profit. These big exchanges are like banks. Wheat is always there
and buyers prefer to deal with them rather than with the farmer
as the exchange assumes all risks and responsibilities. They do
permit dealing in futures which the United States government
look's upon as legitimate exercise of human ingenuity, leaving it
to the 'members of the exchange to guard against the excessive
manipulating and cornering of grain by any one member. In
most exchanges the majority of the members do not sanction such
dealings as they themselves buy grain much as they would buy
real estate and wait for a natural, legitimate demand to advance
the price.
These exchanges get daily and hourly grain news from all
over the world, all of which forms a. basis for prices, but it is safe
to say that the wheat of the Relief Societies never forms part of
the business data of the speculative wheat buying world. Guarded
by spiritual protection and by the thrifty economy which has
always characterized the men and women of Utah, this wheat re-
serve is a permanent, increasing guarantee against famine and
want, and is also of incalculable value in keeping up that serene
peace 'of mind which comes only to those who know that their
future is safe.
Genealogy.
In answer to the circular letter sent out by the Genealogical
Committee of the General Board, we have received some inter-
esting and suggestive reports. Chief among them is the report
from Provo, Utah, which is so excellent and brief that we print
it herewith entirely. The Genealogical Committee of that stake,
which has been engaged in the cause for several years, has
certainly done a remarkable work in this direction. The Com-
mittee consisted of Sister Nellie Taylor, Sister Fanny McLain,
Sister Inez Knight Allen, and Sister Hickman. There is a new
Chairman appointed, as will be seen by the letter sent from that
stake.
San Luis, Snozvilake, Maricopa Stakes.
From San Luis, Snowflake, and Maricopa stakes come excel-
lent reports, considering the distance these stakes are located from
headquarters.
Mrs. Maria J. Harrison, of Manassa, San Luis stake, tells
us that the chief work done by this stake along this line, has been
to prepare individual records. No excursions, of course, have been
taken to any temple, but they have followed the lessons in the
Bulletin, and their principal success has been in awakening an
interest in the Society for genealogical work. Sister Harrison
reports the need of a teacher to give instructions in that distant
in Snowflake stake, Sister Lulu J. Smith says that they
have followed the Bulletin lessons very carefully, in every ward,
except in the Society which has a number of members who do not
belong to the Church. We might suggest to Sister Smith that if
the non-members are like most people in the world, they would
work harder at genealogy than our own people do. This stake
also feels the need of a competent teacher.
The Maricopa stake is reported by President Mamie Clark,
and Sister Clark has much the same things to say that the other
Arizona stakes have said. She remarks that she feels herself
that the work is very essential, and that it is a vital part of our
religion, but that there is a very small percentage of our sisters
writing genealogical records in that stake. We have suggested
to all of these stakes that they unite in sending a request to the
Genealogical Society of Utah for a good teacher, which would
not cost the Relief Society anything, as the Genealogical Society
would bear that expense, except for the entertainment of the
teacher when in the differnt stakes. In this way, splendid results
can be obtained, and these distant stakes can be reached with a
minimum expense to the Genealogical Society itself.
68 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
We will give other reports as they come into this office from
time to time.
Provo, Utah, Dec. 5, 1914.
Utah Stake.
Dear Sisters : A committee of three members has been
appointed in each ward to carry on the genealogical work. These
three members from each of twenty-one wards in our Stake meet
in a separate section on our Union Meeting day (the second Sun-
day each month) . At this Union Meeting the lesson for the month
is presented by the Stake Committee, and is later presented in the
ward by the Ward Committee.
We have succeeded in getting good workers, the majority
of whom are young women. We need and must have older
sisters to preserve the spirit of the work ; but younger women
are better adapted to the detail work necessary in record keeping.
Our greatest difficulty is to get more interested in this line of
study, although this department averages well with the others.
We have emphasized the family record. We believe in going
from the known to the unknown, and if people will arrange
what they know, and have it in proper order they have a starting
point from which to trace new data.
We have in the last year sold and assisted in beginning four
hundred and twenty-five of the McAllister Records, and at our
monthly Union Meeting a formal report from each ward is given.
This report gives the membership, the attendance, whether in-
crease or decrease, the subject discussed, the records being handled,
and anything special done in each ward.
Our greatest success has been our excursions to the Temple.
These have not been regular, so far, a special date being set each
time. We have limited each ward to six people for endowment
work, with twenty baptisms for the dead, and sometimes it has
run over this number. In the last year we have had three excur-
sions to the Temple. Endowment work has been done for four
hundred. There have been thirty living families sealed, wives to
husbands, and children to parents. The following is the report
from one ward : baptisms, two hundred thirty-six ; endowments,
seventy ; sealing, forty, sealing children to parents forty-two. On
these excursions the Stake Committee receives all records, and
gives out the tickets for the names of the dead, so that individuals
go at once to the Meeting Room, and no time is lost in the Re-
corder's Office at the Temple.
Respectfully,
Olive S. Bean, Chairman.
Clothing for Women.
Underwear and Corsets.
The Two Sarahs.
Why do we wear underwear?
As a protection and covering for our bodies.
Pure, clean, white underwear is truly an expression of refine-
ment of the highest type, for, "cleanliness is next to godhness."
And it should be the pride of every woman's heart to have the
garments which are hidden just what they should be.
The one-piece garment is most generally worn by us, and
should be considered as the most important of all our wearing ap-
parel, and must not be mutilated or changed in any way. Hence,
there is a two-fold reason why the purchase of it and the care we
take of it should receive our special attention. Cotton is prefer-
able for this garment. The person is fortunate, indeed, who does
not have to wear all-wool garments, because of the shrinking
qualities of wool when laundered. The cotton ones can be scalded
and made perfectly sanitary.
The undergarment worn during the day should be removed
at night, thoroughly aired and made fresh for the next day, thus
removing all chance of unpleasant odor.
The skin contains between two and three million pores, all
throwing off waste material — two pounds or more a day. By
sleeping in the under garments we have worn all day, we absorb
into the blood at night all that the skin has worked hard to throw
off during the day.
In speaking of proper clothing for our protection, a prominent
physician was heard to remark that the result of the prevailing
fashion among our girls, of being so thinly clad, would be a
financial benefit to the doctor, but oh, what a tragedy for the girl.
And he asked, "Why don't the mothers assert their rights, take a
strong, united stand, and see to it that their daughters dress in
keeping with the season, climate and altitude." "If they don't," he
said, "the answer to the cry of where are the girls of yesterday will
be, they are in the hospital or the cemetery."
For our daughters, no article of underwear surpasses m
beauty and comfort the combination suit of corset-cover and skirt.
For our mothers, the old-fashioned chemise is a very essential
article of clothing for women. The high-necked corset cover with
the lace or embroidered yoke is quite the thing for women who
have been in the Temple to wear.
We will find it economical to buy the daisy outing flannel for
70 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
night gowns ; five yards is the amount needed for one gown, and
pink is the best color, for it stands the laundering better than
blue. Line the yoke with bleach ; it wears better.
Black woolen tights are a great protection in winter. Slip a
piece of elastic through the band for convenience. With this gar-
ment, one underskirt is all that is required. A good quality of
sateen with silk ruffles make a durable and economical petticoat.
Launder your old dress skirts ; they make good underskirts,
when mended and cleaned, and are neat and economical for the
house dress.
Buy a good grade of hose for the different seasons. Keep
them well darned and gartered. Nothing else wears like the old-
fashioned hand-knitted stockings made of Germantown wool, like
our mothers made for the father and son.
An important part of the woman's wardrobe is the corset, or
underwaist. Again, I will say, the best is the cheapest ; they keep
their shape, and can be laundered. For the stout woman the
long corset is the most desirable. Medium high bust is a support,
as well as a protection. Keep on hand two pairs ; one for the house
and the other for dress occasions.
The large waist being in vogue, the modern corset is less in-
jurious than the old style. The Goodwin make is comfortable for
the stout woman. Many wear the H. & W. corset waist ; also, the
waist girdles often take the place of the corset. Some use heavy
canton flannel, underwaists, well boned, for the house, which gives
a neat appearance, and they are economical and comfortable.
Don't waste money on underwear. Good sense should char-
acterize our choice and use of clothing. Use good material, have
your sewing well done, and prettily trimmed, but avoid extrav-
agance and useless expenditure in this as in all other parts of
vour wardrobe.
DAIRYMEN SUFFER HEAVY LOSS IN MILK BOTTLES.
Thousands of dollars are lost annually by dairymen through
the non-return of milk bottles left with patrons, according to
statistics compiled by the Department of Agriculture. In one
city alone, in the space of three years, 1,500,000 bottles were
rescued from municipal dumps by a milk-bottle clearing house.
The average bottle, it is claimed, makes 22^ trips before it is
lost, which, at a price of 3J''2 cents per bottle, would mean a yearly
loss of $5,575 to the dairyman delivering milk to 10,000 customers
a day. It is contended that in reality only a few of the bottles
are broken, the greater number of them being thrown into ash
barrels by persons ignorant of their value.
A Prince of Ur.
Homespun.
CHAPTER I (Continued).
As if disdaining to remind his kinsman that he had answered
but one portion of his inquiry, the Prince gave signal, and the cav-
alcade dismounted in the courtyard, and at once there was a med-
ley of confusion as the babble of tongues was unloosed by the ab-
sence of their masters. As the Prince turned in the glowing sun-
Hght to gaze about him, his eyes caught the gleam of a bronze
figure squatting on a stone pedestal at the entrance to the arsenal.
With quick but unhurried steps he gained the spot and gazed in
unmixed astonishment upon the huge figure of an Assyrian god,
his great shape carved with infinite art, his feet squarely set, his
massive arms clasping the lion of the royal Assyrian insignia, the
tightly-curled hair and long beard surmounted with the crown of
authority. It was indeed the image of Nimrod, rudely lined, and
clad in the armor of the Chaldean vesture.
"Bring the Lord Mardan to me," commanded Abram ; and as
that graceful youth salaamed before him, he asked, tensely :
"What is the meaning of this graven image of the king of
the earth ?"
"Nothing more and naught less than it seems. It is a grace-
ful compliment from the Captain of the Kings' hosts to the King
himself."
"Abram looked keenly in the glowing sunlight at the face of
Mardan ; but so frank and candid a glance of good-will shone from
the prominent blue eye that the Prince was again disarmed. With
another salute, the kinsmen parted, and with an imperceptible
shrug of his elegant shoulders, towards the retreating back of the
Prince, Mardan sped away.
At that moment the temple bells in the far eastern portion of
the city rang out shrilly and musically. Instantly, the inner gates
of the palace were thrown wide and from the gardens there
streamed a mass of worshipful attendants, officials, and slaves,
who bowed as one person first to the great bronze statute of Nim-
rod, or Merodach, in the center of the courtyard, then rising, they
began the morning hymn of praise to the Lord of the Silver Light,
and the crowd divided into twelve orderly portions to prostrate
themselves at the feet of the twelve gods within the garden enclos-
ure, which now brust upon the sight of Abram with sudden force,
as the garden gates were flung wide. He saw- and he understood.
The choirs sang or chanted :
72 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
. "Lord of the alabaster house, the lord duly returning,
The awarder of kingdoms, thy crescent mighty horned,
Who raises himself by humbling the proud —
The doom-dealer, shining with rounded orb — "
With each phrase, the multitude swayed, rose and bowed
again, rearing excited faces and tossing arms to the gods before
which they bowed in abject worship.
Stunned, horrified, beyond immediate speech, the Prince
heard the distant booming of the temple bells, and over his spirit
there floated the indescribable incense of swinging censors as a
procession of robed priests, with Mardan marching gravely at
their head, filled the foreground of this strange picture with a
weird, sensuous pagan beauty. There was no time for argument.
With one bound, the Prince was towering above them all as he
swung up to the throne platform in the inner porch.
"Cease this mumming. Depart to your homes, men of
Terah, priests after the order of Melchizedek. I, even I, the Prince
of Ur, and ruler of this city — in Terah's absence — I command you
to cease. Where are my chiefs ; seize these priests, these leaders of
this pagan rite, bring them to me for instant sentence. I, even I,
have returned to the house of my fathers."
Instantly, there was a wild hubbub of cries, clashing of
swords, curses, the screams of women, and the hoarse commands
of the shepherd soldiery as they took under arrest the priestly
leaders. Verily, it was time that Abram should return to the home
of his father. In the confusion, Mardan escaped.
(To he continued.)
A COMBINATION GAS AND FIRELESS COOKER.
The convenience and economy of the fireless cooker has stim-
ulated inventors to combine in one range, thd apparatus for first
cooking the food, and heating a retaining compartment, and then,
by heavily insulated walls, conserving the heat until the operation
is completed. A gas range has been patented which unites these
functions in an ingenious manner. One compartment is ar-
ranged with gas burners above and below, the heat from which
is directed upon thick walls whose outer covering is asbestos or
similar non-conducting material. . While these burners are turned
on, the ventilators are open, and the products of combustion pass
out and into the chimney. When the gas is turned off, the
ventilators are automatically closed, retaining in the chamber,
which now becomes a fireless cooker, all the heat of the previous
combustion. — Popular Mechanics Magazine.
Current Topics.
By James H. Anderson.
NATIONAL.
Stimulants in National Affairs. — At a convention of represen-
tatives of life insurance companies held in New York, December
10, it was shown by carefully collated statistics that habitual users
of alcoholic beverages, even to a so-called moderate extent, short-
ened their lives materially by the habit. Notwithstanding this
additional warning to the whisky-tipplers, and to others who culti-
vate like injurious habits, such as do the cigarette and drug fiends,
a widely developed human depravity seems to lead most of them
along the same suicidal route, either secretly or openly, as oppor-
tunity affords. Careful training in, youth to antagonize those bad
habits has proved thus far to be the most effective weapon in de-
stroying this downward tendency. A young man strong in moral
habits seldom becomes an old man weakling therein.
Panama Canal. — Col. Goethals, American governor of the
Panama Canal zone, asked the national authorities at Washington
to send three torpedo-boat destroyers to the canal at once, to pro-
tect its neutrality. If the United States would protect the neu-
trality of the Panama Canal a larger naval force than this country
now has at its command, for this purpose, will be necessary in
times of hostilities between other warring nations whose situation
may be such that a disregard of that neutrality might be of ad-
vantage to them.
R. R. Increase. — Leading government ofificials are expressing
the view that an increase of five per cent in railway rates, granted
by the United States Interstate Commerce Commission, will do
much to revive business conditions throughout the country ; this
is a concession of business depression heretofore grudgingly ad-
mitted.
Mexican Affairs. — Mexican contempt for the United States
has been in greater evidence than ever since the formal protests
against firing across the American border at Naco, Arizona, were
filed with the chiefs of the contending Mexican factions. From
present indications, promising alternately quiet and disquiet be-
tween the two countries, there is being developed a strong prob-
ability that matters will drift along with uncertainty until actual
war will threaten seriously before the end of 1915.
Our Preparation for War. — Discussion of the prepared-
74 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
ness of the United States for war has been occupying
much pubHc attention of late. There is no doubt that this
nation is illy-prepared for a death-struggle with any other great
nation ; neither does there appear to be any particular pos-
sible need for such a struggle. A kind Providence has forti-
fied the United States against all other nations to a very great
extent, by its location in the middle of the North American conti-
nent, stretching from "eastern shore to western sea." A strong
growth of militarism in the United States might readily become
an internecine menace. Predominance in the arts of peace rather
than in the art of war, is vital to the security of the great Ameri-
can Republic ; although a fair degree of preparedness for war's
emergency cannot be neglected with safety.
INTERNATIONAL.
The European War. — A truce between the warring nations
for Christmas-time would have been a most desirable accomplish-
ment, if there had been any possibility of prolonging it into a last-
ing peace ; but the mere cessation of hostilities for Christmas fes-
tivities, then a resumption after the holidays of the murderous
work of war, would have savored strongly of the ridiculous.
Egypt of Today. — Great Britain's establishment of a protec-
torate over Egypt and the Soudan is a further extension of the
prophecy of Ezekiel made twenty-five centuries ago and in evi-
dence by actual conditions in the land of the Nile, viz.: That idols
and images should be eliminated and there should be "no more a
prince of the land of Egypt." Under Turkish rule, and for cen-
turies prior thereto, idolatry had been suppressed and' princes of
other nations had ruled Egypt. Now that the Briton has taken
hold thereof, the continuance of this condition is made more ap-
parently permanent than ever. In connection with this event, it
would not be surprising if Palestine should become a British col-
ony as one outcome of the present European war, instead of being
a province of Turkey whose doom as a nation of special influence
seems to have been sealed. Lord Beaconsfield's dream of Britain
being in possession of the Syrian coast, along the eastern limits of
the Mediterranean northward from the Suez canal, seems about
to be realized, since, in addition to the Soudan and Egypt, Great
Britain has taken possession, within the past month, of the greater
part of the Sinaitic peninsula, including the Wilderness of the
Wanderings. With the Holy Land under British sovereignty,
Jerusalem still would be "trodden down of the Gentiles," yet would
experience a much longer stride toward its successful re-occupa-
tion by the house of Judah than it has known at any one time since
the days of the Caesars.
Home Gardening.
'There is seed-time and harvest time ;" and now is the time
to prepare for seed-time. It is very important that you h^Y&
good seeds to plant. It is the poorest and cheapest economy
in the world to plant poor seeds and expect good results in return.
Therefore, let us say to you once more, buy the very best seeds
on the market. If you have not saved seeds from your own
gardens, write at once to some reputable house, get a catalogue
and order from them, or some one whom you know to be re-
liable. By forming neighborhood clubs, you will be able to
order a greater variety of seeds, and also secure better prices, be-
cause of buying in much larger quantities.
In each town or village, there is usually more than one who
have made a study of plant life, and can be of great assistance in
recommending* to you the kinds of flowers and vegetables most
suitable for your own climate and soil ; also by referrring to the
bulletins sent you last year.
We wish we could cause sufficient enthusiasm in each sec-
tion of the country to have a public gathering called to consider
the best methods to adopt in securing and utilizing all vacant prop-
erty, in city or towns. Then, plan to have all this property culti-
vated, planting either vegetables or flowers, thus creating a spirit
of work and pride with the town boys and girls ; give them
something to occupy their minds and teach them the value of home
grown vegetables, and let them realize a very substantial income
from a well-tended, cultivated plot of ground. They may be able
to supply the town hotel with fresh onions, radishes, beets, carrots,
lettuce, etc. Put in a few rows of parsley, early pepper cress,
English chives, etc. All these things are hardy and can be
planted early and will bring good prices. We often hear the
question, "What can I do to earn a few dollars?" We think
we can help you to solve this question by our suggestions in this
lesson. We must not forget that flowers, too, play a very im-
portant part in our garden work to be planned by father and
mother, the work executed by brother, and the products of their
labor cooked and cared for by sister, thus securing the co-oper-
ative assistance from each member of the household, all interested
in one common cause, and working for better conditions for the
individual, home and town.
There are hundreds of women bread-winners who earn
money by growing vegetables and flowers to sell. They make it
pay, why can't we?
We recommend to our patrons and readers. Circular No. 16,
prepared by the Utah Agricultural College, on "Better Seeds,"
furnished free on application.
Notes from the Field.
Northern States Mission.
"There are nine organized Relief Societies and eight Moth-
ers' Classes in our mission," writes Sister Mary Smith Ellsworth.
"We organized the Mothers' Class at Roseland into a Relief
Society, October 29; and on November 8, the Mothers' Classes at
Minneapolis and St. Paul, were organized into a Relief Society.
There are 156 members in the Relief Society and about the same
number in the Mothers' Classes, with an average attendance of
80 per cent.
"In the Chicago Relief Society we have total cash on hand,
$113; received during the year 1914, $22.35; disbursements for
charity during the year, $22.31. One hundred dollars of this
amount is in the Zion's Savings & Trust Company, $13.90 is
held in the treasury here.
"At Flint, Michigan, during 1914: cash received, $24.24;
disbursed for charity and books, $14.36, leaving $9.88 in the
treasury. They have also 60 quarts of fruit canned and kept in
the Society. They have given clothes made over from adult
clothes donated by the sisters and one quilt to the poor.
"Winnipeg, Canada, cash on hand, January 1914: $18:41;
income from donations and the sale of goods, $48.90 ; disburse-
ments for charity, $13; $16 for material; cash on han-d, $38.14.
Besides this they have given to the poor, 4 children's dresses, 1
shirt waist, 10 infant dresses, 24 babies' napkins, 1 night robe,
30 garments made, sold and money not collected, 70 yards material
on hand, 11 shirt waists made, 8 aprons, 2 knitted woolen skirts, 1
quilt.
"The sisters of Winnipeg were preparing for a bazaar, but
when war came they dropped all work and study and devoted one-
half day each week making hospital shirts for the wounded sol-
diers ; also knitting armlets and socks. The material for this is
furnished them by the Industrial Bureau of Winnipeg, and they
have become quite well known for the good work they are doing,
having completed several dozens of shirts up-to-date. One lady
who had never attended a 'Mormon' service, hearing of them,
sent to have six shirts cut out by the Relief Society sisters which
she took home and made.
"Throughout the entire mission, we have studied the Gene-
alogical lesson taking the family records chiefly during this past
year, but in the last two or three months we have tried to push
the regular genealogy work. In connection with the work in
family records, we have followed the Parent and Child, outlined
NOTES FROM THE FIELD. 77
by the Sunday School, and it has been a great power for good
in every class where it has been studied.
"Sisters Bertha Pearson and Zelda Kirkham, at St. Paul;
Sisters Tirza Hanson and Fern Green, at Minneapolis; Lucy
Baker and Olive Owen, at Springfield ; Flora Meyerhofifer and
Vera North, at Decatur ; Mary Parker and Margaret Meldrum, at
Roseland ; Cora Boyce and Emma Anderson, at Logan Square ;
Lua Linton and Delia Peterson, at Lidianapolis ; Martha E. Bitter
and Jane Smith, at Peoria ; Elizabeth Berg and Alice Laws, at
Detroit, all send in excellent reports of the good that has been
accomplished by the Mothers' Classes which they are conducting.
"In Minnesota, since they have commenced the study of
genealogy, one sister has obtained 100 names, and all of the
sisters have secured from twenty to thirty each. Besides this,
every one has prepared a family record, and some of the best
testimony meetings that I have ever attended have been held in
these two cities where they have opened their hearts to this work.
One sister, who seenied to feel it was impossible to make a start,
was one day cleaning in her attic, and in an old trunk discovered
letters that gave her the genealogy of her grandparents. In these
two cities the only officer that they had was a secretary of each
Mothers' Class. These two sisters, during the year, have never
missed one meeting and have always been well prepared with their
work. They meet once each week. The meetings have been con-
ducted in the homes of friends as much as possible, and these
friends were urged to invite their neighbors to attend the class.
Two sisters have been baptized this year resulting from having the
meetings held in their homes.
"Of the lesson in the outline called, 'Beauties of Motherhood,'
one sister made this statement : Tf I had been taught this lesson
in my younger days, what a world of sorrow and regret I could
have spared myself!'
"Sister Bertha Pearson has been a great help to the sisters of
these two cities. In her ward, the privilege was given all the girls
to study genealogy under the direction of Sister Anna Piercy, but
only a few accepted. They felt it was the duty of the older mem-
bers, but I cannot tell you how much good has been accomplished
through Sister Pearson's efforts, and it came to me while visiting
there how little we realize how the Lord will open up the way
to use us if we but qualify ourselves to be made use of.
"In Springfield and Peoria several members have joined the
Church by first becoming interested in the Mothers' Class. Sis-
ters Bitter and Smith were given the privilege of speaking at a
lodge meeting through one of the members who came to their
Mothers' Class, and made many friends by having this experience.
The Mothers' Classes are conducted exactly as we conduct our
Relief Society.
78 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"Everywhere I have had the privilege of visiting, the sisters
have seemed thankful and happy for the visit, and seem willing to
do all that we ask of them. They appreciate very much being organ-
ized into Societies and enjoy having something definite to work to.
Since October 15, Relief Societies have been organized in Rose-
land, St. Paul, Alinneapolis, Grand Rapids, Springfield, Evansville,
Indianapolis, and Peoria, and the organizations at Milwaukee,
Winnipeg and Bloomington have been visited and the Blooming-
ton society reorganized.
"Every Society that I have visited is doing good work — just
as good as any at home, I believe. They are all studying, at
least one afternoon or evening each week, and in most places one
afternoon a month is devoted either to sewing, fancy work or, in
the summer months, to taking care of fruit, pickles, etc.
"I want to impress upon my sisters at home the great blessings
that our Father has given to us. This General Board of the Re-
lief Society has done nobly and well in giving us the beautiful
outline contained in the Bulletin. The Bulletin carried with it the
true spirit of the restored gospel of Jesus Christ. It has opened
my mind to many beautiful truths. It has brought peace, com-
fort and joy to dozens of honest-hearted sisters of the Northern
States Mission, and it will be a blessing in the homes of all who
will read it with a prayerful heart and follow the inspiration re-
ceived therefrom. I know that the sisters of the General Board
have been called of God to this work. May we give them our
earnest and honest support in this great work. May our Father
bless them and give them power to teach the truths of the Gospel
of Jesus Christ."
"M.-\RY Smith Ellsworth,
"Chicago, 111., Dec. 15, 1914."
CEMENT CASKS KEEP WATER COOL WITHOUT ICE.
In semiarid regions natives supply themselves with cool water
through the use of porous earthen urns which are placed where
they are shielded from the sun's rays and at the same time ex-
posed to the action of the breezes. The moisture penetrating
through the jars and accumulating on the exterior is evaporated
rapidly by the hot winds, and the water within cooled. An adap-
tation of the same principle is a concrete water tank which may
be used conveniently in places where ice is difficult to procure.
Because ordinary concrete is porous it serves in this capacity just
the same as if it were earthenware. Such a container is particu-
larly suited for use on long golf courses and in harvest fields.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. vVilliams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beattie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddington
Mrs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor Susa Young Gates
Business Manager Janette A. Hydi
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II. FEBRUARY, 1915. No. 2.
There is no one fact more deeply impressed upon the
mind of a philosopher than the combined inde-
Human p^ndence and helplessness of man. His will and
interde- his partial control of the forces about him, makes
pendence. him supremely independent of most earthly con-
ditions; while his natural human limitations make
him blindly dependent upon his fellow men and upon the
natural forces around him. He can do many great and marvel-
ous things — build ships, fly in the air, and speak around the
earth, and yet, how helpless he is to prevent death or disaster
which come to his enterprises by the flit of an eye-lash, or the
point of a bodkin.
We are told by James (5:16, 17) that "the effectual,
fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much."
Divine The power of Elias with the heavens was so great,
Aid to that through one sincere prayer, rain ceased for
Man. three years; and through his second appeal, the
earth was visited plentifully by the rains of heaven.
The power of faith is not always manifested in a sudden
response to ardent prayer; it is more often shown in the per-
sistent clinging to that prayer, until the desire shall have plowed
its deep channel through the convolutions of the human brain,
80 RELIEF- SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
thus becoming a part of the individual. Such persisting faith
makes a pathway over which the desired object may travel from
heaven to earth. Such was the powerful faith of Joseph, who
was sold into Egypt, and Pharoah believed him through seven
years of plenty.
How much greater the faith and endurance of one frail
woman of modern times have been in the mission of Grain
Saving, which was given to President Emmeline B. Wells by
Brigham Young over forty years ago !
It is not so much that the Relief Society has saved mil-
lions of bushels of grain in the last forty years ; nor that the
California sufferers, the Chinese starving millions,
The and our own poor were aided in times of want by
Lesson this wonderful movement; it is not so much that
Taught, one tender-hearted woman has proved to God and
man that she can exercise persistent faith through
a long life of disheartening conditions and through years of
struggle and sacrifice; it is not that women have gleaned and
saved, have bought and sold, have listened and obeyed ; nay, it is
all these combined which make of the Grain-saving Movement
one of the most unique enterprises in this Church. In saving
grain, many a woman has saved her own soul through thrift
and obedience to the Priesthood. Little children have been
taught lessons, not only of thrift and economy,, but that larger
lesson of obedience to counsel which has grown out of the
obedience of mother to the Relief Society President, of Re-
lief Society President to the Prophet of the Lord, and in and
through this the obedience of the child to the mother, and
of the wife to the husband.
We may count the bushels of grain. We may number the
years, we may value the wheat in terms of money and weight,
but who shall estimate the power and glory of this matchless
mission to President Emmeline B. Wells, and her associates, in
the Relief Society of this Church? Hats off, ye men, every-
where; stand with bowed heads, ye women, while the little
children crowd about your knees to listen in reverent awe
to the simple story of a woman who went out harvesting, to
glean and to save the wheat that the poor might be fed, and
the people learn obedience.
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Lesson II — The Law of Faith.
(a) Faith the First Requirement.
(b) Faith is the Foundation of All Righteousness.
(c) The Component Parts of Faith.
(d) Faith Must be Genuine.
QUESTIONS.
Which is more important, faith or works?
What can you say of the Lectures on Faith in the Doctrine
and Covenants?
Recite the parable of the mustard seed.
What is the difference between credulity and faith?
What relation does hope sustain to faith ?
What can you say of belief?
What is the difference between faith and knowledge?
What constitutes genuine faith?
Repeat the Articles of Faith.
The First Requirement. — Faith, not repentence, is the first
requirement of the Gospel. The probable reason why Peter
omitted to mention faith at that time, was because he perceived
that the multitude already had faith, already believed what he had
told them of the crucified Redeemer. Had it been otherwise, they
would not have been "pricked in their heart," and would not have
anxiously inquired, "What shall we do?" Belief was the first
requirement made by the Savior, through his chosen twelve, when
he sent them "into all the world" to "preach the gospel to every
creature" (Mark 16:16). He declared salvation dependent on
faith and works : "He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved,
and he that believeth not shall be damned." For faith is shown
by works (James 2:18), and each is dead without the other.
The Foundation of All Righteousness. — Faith, according
to the Doctrine and Covenants, is "the first principle in revealed
82 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
religion, and the foundation of all righteousness." There are few
things more lucid in our literature than the Lectures on Faith
which form the fore part of that sacred volume — one of the four
doctrinal standards of the Church ; the other three being the Bible,
the Book of Mormon, and the Pearl of Great Price. (Read Doc.
and Gov., Lectures I and IL)
Faith Fundamental. — God made faith the first principle of
the gospel, because that is its proper place. It is the bottom round
in the ladder of salvation, the first step in the stairway to perfec-
tion. "All things are possible to them that believe."
"As A Grain of Mustard Seed." — When the Savior spoke of
the faith that "removes mountains," he was not measuring, either
satirically or hyperbolically, the quantity of the faith by the size
of the mustard seed. He probably meant that if man would obey
the divine law given for his government, as faithfully as the mus-
tard seed obeys the divine law given for its government, he would
have infinitely more power than he now possesses. How difificult
it seems for man, "the noblest work of God," to live in obedience
to the highest principles revealed from heaven for his guidance.
Yet the earth, we are told, "abideth the law of a celestial kingdom,
for it filleth the measure of its creation, and transgresseth not the
law" (Doc. and Gov., 88:25).
Faith and Credulity. — Faith, in its incipient stages, may
resemble at times mere credulity. The untutored savage who was
told by one of the early settlers of New England that if he planted
grass seed it would produce gunpowder, believed it, not yet having
learned that the white man would lie. He therefore parted with
his valuable furs, in exchange for some of the seed, showing that
he had faith in the settler's word. But it did not bring the desired
result. Faith, 'to be effectual, must be based upon truth, and
though higher than reason, must have a reasonable foundation.
The spirit of truth must inspire it. This was not the case with
the poor, misguided Indian ; he trusted in a falsehood and was
deceived. But some good came of it. He ascertained the falsity
of the settler's statement. His faith induced him to plant the
seed, and though it did not produce gunpowder — that being con-
trary to its nature — it produced a growth of grass — and a wiser
Indian.
Possibilities of Faith. — Had the Indian's faith been prop-
erly founded — had it been a perfect faith, intelligent, rational,
heaven-inspired, he could have produced gunpowder or any other
commodity from the all-containing elements around him; and
that, too, without planting a seed or employing an ordinary process
of manufacture. The turning of water into wine, the miraculous
feeding of the multitude, the walking upon the waves, the healing
of the sick, the raising of the dead, and other wonderful works
wrought by the Savior, the apostles, and the ancient prophets —
GUIDE LESSONS. ^ 83
what were they but manifestations of an all-powerful faith, to
possess which is to have the power to remove mountains — without
picks and shovels, my skeptical Unitarian to the contrary notwith-
standing. Such a faith is not mere credulity ; it is a divine energy,
operating upon natural laws and by natural processes — natural,
though unknown to "the natural man," and termed by him super-
natural.
The Universal Mainspring. — Faith is the beating heart of
the universe — the incentive, the impulse, to all action, the main-
spring of all achievement. Nothing was ever accomplished, small
or great, commonplace or miraculous, that was not backed up by
confidence in some power, human or super-human, that impelled
and pushed forward the enterprise.
An Impelling Force. — It was no doubt that drove Colum-
bus across the sea ; it was faith — the impelling force of the Spirit
of the Lord (I Nephi 13:12). It was not doubt that nerved the
arm and fired the soul of Washington, inducing him and his ragged
regiments to fight on through heat, frost, and hunger of seven
long years, to win their country's freedom. It was not doubt that
inspired Hamilton, Jefiferson, Franklin, and the other patriot
fathers, to lay broad and deep the foundations of this mighty re-
public. It is not doubt that has caused nations to rise and flourish,
and raised up great men in all ages and in all climes, to teach, toil,
and sacrifice for the benefit of mankind. It is faith that does such
things. Doubt undoes, or hinders, what faith achieves. The men
and women who have moved this world were men and women who
believed, who were earnest and sincere, even if in part mistaken.
Achievements of Christendom. — Who can doubt that this
same philosophy applies to Christendom and its marvelous achieve-
ments, all down the centuries? Is it not faith in the divine Naz-
arene that has caused Christian nations to thrive, that has enabled
Christianity, in spite of its errors, to flourish, to survive the wreck
of empires and weather the storms of time? Was not Christ in-
deed as "lightning out^of heaven," sent down to kindle and illum-
ine the world, and has not the world been warmer and brighter for
his coming? Is it not the faith of any nation, its trust in and
reliance upon some power deemed by it divine, that constitutes
its main strength?
Faith Must Be Genuine. — But faith must be genuine. Pre-
tense and formalism will not avail. Hypocrisy is the worst form
of unbelief. Honest idolatry is infinitely preferable to dishonest
worship. Better burn incense to Diana, believing it to be right,
than bow down to Christ in hollow-hearted insincerity. Mighty
Rome did not fall, until she had ceased to worship sincerely the
gods enshrined within her Pantheon. Glorious Greece did not
succumb, until she had proved false to her ancient faith, until her
believers had become doubters, until skeptical philosophy had sup-
84 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
planted religious enthusiasm, and the worship of freedom, grace,
and beauty had degenerated to unbridled license and groveling
sensuality. No' nation ever crumbled to ruin until false to itself,
false to the true principles of success, the basic one of which is to
believe.
The Articles of Faith. — What should Latter-day Saints
believe ? I can think of no better answer to this question than is
contained in the Articles of Faith, formulated by the Prophet
Joseph Smith soon after the Church of Christ was organized in
this dispensation.
See "Articles of Faith."
From Gospel Themes.
Genealogy.
Lesson III — The Mission and Spirit of Elijah.
L The promise made in the 4th chapter of Malachi has cer-
tainly been fulfilled in these latter days.
2. The world has been industriously carrying forward the
work of searching out genealogical records and printing them.
3. Many individuals are thus engaged. The President of
the Genealogical Congress to be held in San Francisco, July 26,
1915, reports over 2,000 genealogists and genealogical societies
already in touch with this Congress.
4. The parent genealogical society is the New England His-
toric and Genealogical Society, at No. 9 Ashburton Place, Boston,
Mass. This was organized in March, 1844, just after the Prophet
revealed the principle of salvation for the dead to the world. Many
other such societies have sprung up since that day.
5. We have a Genealogical Society of Utah organized on
the 13th of November, 1894, with Apostle Franklin D. Richards,
as President. This Society is now presided over by President
Anthon H. Lund and President Chas. W. Penrose, as President
and Vice-President, and Joseph F. Smith, Jr., as Secretary and
Treasurer. A circular will be furnished, on application to this
Society, Historian's Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
questions.
1. What was the promise made by the Lord as recorded in
Malachi, and how does it relate to modern conditions? (Read
Chap. 4, Malachi.)
2. Why should the world partake of this spirit of Elias ?
3. How many people in your ward are engaged in carrying
out this prophecy?
GUIDE LESSONS. 85
4. What can you say of the New England Historic and
Genealogical Society? (See Lfesson Book.)
5. What is the value of our Utah Genealogical Society to
you as an individual? to your ward? to your stake? and to the
Church ?
6. How^ many in your ward have taken out a membership in
this great Society?
Home Ethics and Art.
ETHICS.
Lesson IV — The Law^ of Obedience.
(a) Obedience to authority is one of the fundamental
principles of the Universe. A home filled with unruly children
and a disrespectful wife would be one of the most unhappy
places in the world.
(b) Plants and animals follow with unerring instinct the
law of their being. It is given alone to man to obey or to
disobey the laws of nature and God. That constitutes his
agenc)^
(c) Disobedience to the laws of health entails sickness.
Disobedience to the laws of electrical forces may cause instant
death. Disobedience to moral requirements result in strife and
confusion in the home.
(d) Children who abide by the laws and requirements
of good homes make orderly and trustworthy citizens. There
must be leaders in ever}- community. See that they are
chosen for their fitness.
(e) Obedience to law is sometimes difificult because it
crosses our desires but the consciousness of duty well done
should be ample compensation even when there is no further
reward.
QUESTIONS.
1. What is one of the first lessons a child should learn?
2. Name some of the advantages of learning obedience
early in life.
3. Give illustrations from nature of the need of obedience
to law.
4. Give illustrations of pernicious effects of disobedience.
5. What allowance does nature make for disobedience to
her laws?
6. Relate incidents of punishment for disol:)edience to her
laws.
86 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
7. Can order, which is said by a poet to be the first law
of heaven, be maintained without obedience?
8. Who should be the leader in the home?
9. What effect will early training in obedience have upon
the girl when she becomes a wife?
10. If the husband has been taught to practice obedience,
how will his life be affected?
11. Name some of the advantages to children in having
parents who have been trained to reverence law and authority.
12. Cite instances of the blessings that followed obe-
dience, as related in the Bible and the Book of Mormon.
13. Discuss ways of making obedience attractive to chil-
dren.
14. Even when obedience to the law crosses the desires;
point out some of the rewards that result from obedience.
What do we mean by the expression, "Order of the Priest-
hood"?
ART.
Lesson IV — Art.
"Mine eye hath seen all this." — Words of Christ.
(a) Read "At My Easel." What does "To tell it as I see it"
mean? What is most beautiful where you live? What does never
to dream the stars, mean? Do you look for the beauty in the
desert? Do you see and appreciate that wonderful beauty?
(b) Study John Hafen's letter. Review John Hafen's life
briefly. What does Hafen say of George Innes — the late Ameri-
can landscape painter? What does the November, 1914, Bulletin
say of him? What is said of Whistler by Hafen? John Sargent?
What is the real difference between artist and painter? Read or
discuss the comparisons drawn between Whistler and Sargent in
the October Bulletin. To what does Hafen ascribe his success
in art?
NOTICE.
Subscribers to The Relief Society Magazine will please
see that names and post ofifice addresses are written plainly.
Any delays in delivery should be reported to this ofifice at
once.
Many of the subscription lists came in late, and in the hurry
to get the first number of the Magazine mailed early, a few mis-
takes may have occurred ; we therefore suggest that any sub-
scriber who had not received the first number of the Magazine
will please notify the office at once.
THE SONG OF THE WHEAT
Lovingly dedicated to Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells
Words by S. Y
Moderato. mf
Cffi* — ■
G.
Music by Evan Stephens.
^^^m^^mm^^m^i
— N-
^
1 smg the song of the plant - ed wheat, The beat-ti-ful
I sing the song of the rip - en'd wheat, The bil-low-ing
I sing the song of ihe gar-ner'd wheat, The yel-low-ing,
I sigh and mourn for the des - o-late field, That on - ly red
I sing, I sing of the gos-pel of truth, The hea-ven ly
i — -I 1 ,'^ — L i^-s I N, — Jv-L — ^.
-•^^•— J— — F — •f— f — «
poco rit. e dim
j> _^ _> A ^
-A — 1
ba - by
blossoming
dry - ing
car - nage
seed of
wheat, As it lies in the cold earth's
wheat. With green nodding heads the
wheat. For it holds both life and
yield; While widows are made and
truth, 'Twas sown by a Prophet who
« — • — " — * •^<-al — « — F
bos - om deep — Its
wheat whispers low, Both
faith as a part Of the
orrphan's cry. And
watched it thrive — Who
leaves are folded, its
heedless of rain, or the
force that lies in its
groans of the dy - ing
gave his life that the
a-
that
soul
winds
ti - ny
reach the
seed might
■0-^ -0- jf^- -^^ .0-^ -0- jaj-^- g- -0-^
a tern, ores
3=ri:
-0 — • — \-0—*'0 — 0 — -I 1 1 FF — P — F F ^ — y—
sleep, A - wait-ing the springtime sunbeams unfurled. To
blow; For health and wealth and sue - cess are borne Un the
heart; And men must garner that women may eat, So the
sky; The bin is empty and the scythe grows rust, For
live. The world needs bread, but the world needs more, The
«_« '.
3
^:^=^
— N— r
-^-
-I — I — 1 — I i-p
push its way up to the glow
sickle that swings in the ear -
wide world harvests the ripe ■
war has trampled the wheat
Christ and his message the Pro ■
4 s ^-^-^ —
.j rit a tem.EEFRAIN.
- ing world. Then sing th«
ly morn. Then sing the
en'd wheat. Then sing the
in the dust. Then garner the
phet bore. Then sing to the
S S I . ._
— A-=N-=] — Ff — P-N— ^ — p.—
S 2 yZ — y u 1 1 0 1 «N=^ « '
song of the
song of the
song of the
pre - cious,
Lord of the
plant - ed wheat, It
rip - en'd wheat. The
garner'd wheat, The
pre-cious wheat. The
har - vest iield, And
follows toe bus - y
bil - low-ing blossomed
yel-low-ing, dry - ing
starv - ing hosts are
pray for the reapers.
poco rit. e ores.
-\ N ly N-
, 1=™^ \ [^ ly 1^ — |-
plough.
wheat;
wheat,
gaunt.
then
No
For
For
Go
The
drone may sow it or find it
health and wealth and sue - cess are
men must gar-ner that women may
out and glean that the babes may
gos - pel seed shall have might - y
y slow and firm.
sweet-
borne
eat,
eat,
yield
— 'Tis grown by the sweat of man'
On the sic-kle that swings in the
So harvest the rip - en'd
And store 'gainst their bit - ter
In the souls of the children of
brow.
morn.
wheat.
want.
men.
.S.^_^* ^0 0 0 #-^=^H 1,
-^ — r
-Si
=1:
ill
=1:
m
j^^ij^S^ HE women of the Relief Society have responded nobly
^v^K^^ to the appeal for subscriptions to this magazine. Even the
^(r^BS^^ missions have taken up the work, the North Western States
1^^^^:==::=^^ Mission sending in nearly two hundred paid up subscrip-
tions. This magazine is designed for every officer and member of the
society, and hopes to give every subscriber value received in live, up-to-
date articles on our work and activities, as well as fiction, poetry and
travel articles.
Are you a subscriber? If not, why not?
SALT LAKE CITY -UTAH
The shoe store for the whole family— and
every pair of shoes a "Money Back" quality.
SALT LAKE'S LARGEST AND
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Scrace's Bakery and Cafe
Fresh Bread, Cakes and Pastry Daily
Headquarters for Relief Society Visitors.
A Good Place to Eat.
E. L. SAUNDERS, Proprietor
Peone Wasatch 1230
24 South Main Street
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Next Door South of Z. C. M. I.
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Wasatch 207
67 E. South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
THE HOME PIANO
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Attractive in case design — beautiful in finish
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Honest butters honestly priced! To secure the largest amount of butter
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Address —
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180 East South Temple,
Salt Lake City, Utah.
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
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HOME VISITORS'
EXCURSIONS EAST
DECEMBER 19 and 22, 1914
Following low round trip fares will prevail
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Denver or Colorado Springs $22.50
Omaha or Kansas City 40.00
Memphis 59.85
Chicago 59.72
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See agents for particulars.
CITY TICKET OFFICE
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Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
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are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
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HOME OFFICE:
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Relief Society Housekeepers. ATI ENTIO N
Do you want better homes? Brighter children? Then plan to attend the
ROUND UP
III the UTAH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
January 18th to 30th, Logan Utah
Great Agricultural and Economic Lights which will shine there:
C. B. SMITH, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D. C.
DR. S. H. BAILEY, Cornell University, Ithica, N. Y.
DR. D. A. BRODIE, U. S. Department of Agriculture
MRS. NELLIE KEDZIE JONES (Kansas)— Care of Children.
MRS. VERNETTA T. MORRIS (Chicago)— Art in the Home.
Vol. II
MARCH, 1915
No. 3
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
ORGANIZATION NUMBER
EXTRA
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5:rNj u
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
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is worth Dollars. You are entitled to a free copy of this valuable book.
Mention this paper and write for it today.
PORTER-WALTON CO
Seed and Nursery Specialists for U. S A. SALT LAKE
The Relief Society Magazine
Owned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
MARCH, 1915.
Congratulations Betsy Goodwin 89
Frontispiece — Masonic Lodge, Nauvoo 90
Instruction of the Prophet 91
Report of the Nauvoo Relief Society Eliza R. Snow 100
The Genesis of the Relief Society Maud Baggarley 101
The Textile Art Rose Widtsoe 102
Dressmaking at Home The Two Sarahs 105
Kitchen Kinks Jakie Discord 107
Good Health Maud Baggarley 1 10
Circular of the Relief Society Ill
Prince of Ur Homespun 142
Current Topics James H. Anderson 150
Home Gardening 153
Genealogy 154
Notes from the Field 156
Editorial 159
Guide Lessons 160
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY,
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
AMERICAN THEATER
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., Vermont Building, Salt Lake City.
BUTLER'S BOOTERY, Salt Lake City. |
CO-OP. FURNITURE, 35 South Main St., Salt Lake City. !
CULLEN HOTEL.
CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DAYNES-BEEBE MUSIC CO., 45 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
P. W. DUNYON CO., 502 Templeton Building.
JOSEPH J. DAYNES, 38 D Street.
GARDNER ADAMS. !
JENSEN CREAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake. !
KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 555 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS, Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 321
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
South Main, Salt Lake City.
SCRACE'S BAKERY, 25 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street,
Salt Lake City.
THOMAS, Photographer.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Lake Citj.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY
HEADQUARTERS
For Approved Garments and Ladies' Utah Made
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Postage Prepaid and Samples Sent on Request
CUTLER'S, 36 Main Street
Establithed I860 Incorpoiated 1906
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The finest pictures and the best music combine to make a wonderful
entertainment for the money.
CONGRATULATIONS ON THE BIRTH OF OUR BABY
MAGAZINE
Betsy Goodwin.
In January, nineteen hundred and fifteen,
A book came forth :
The Relief Society Magazine,
Organ of great worth.
From the heart of the Rockies
It burst into view,
Pure and sweet, as the mountain dew.
Of foster mothers it has a score.
And over the leaf I find three more.
Lovely women, noble and good,
Backed by the fathers, and the priesthood.
Blessed by a prophet, recorded and named
A friend of the. poor, the needy or maimed.
It is mentally strong, and perfect in limb.
(I do not know if it's a "her" or a "him").
It is welcome to State and the Nation,
And though I am only a poor old relation,
I can send it at least, my dollar a year.
For its future development I have no fear.
I will watch it grow, like a small, planted seed,
To give us brain food in our time of need.
Like a carrier dove, to every sphere,
With its message of love, afar and near,
I can see it achieve a future so great
That it's sought for in every nation and state,
Welcomed" by all; in castle or cot,
It belongs to us all, and caste is forgot.
Don't hurry its growth ; give it chances to. grow
. - , Sturdy and strong, although it be slow.
But there, you will need no advice of mine.
For some of its mothers are doctors divine.
You may object to my rhyming, and will, without doubt,
So I give you leave to cut it all out.
My thoughts are much better than my knowledge of rule.
As I helped push a handcart when I should been at school.
But God knows all things, so I have no fear ;
I have filled up my niche, as a good pioneer.
I ask God to bless our baby again.
With its message of peace, and good will to men.
MASONIC LODGE, NAUVOO,
Where the Relief Society was Organized, March 17, 1842.
This building was originally three stories high. The Masonic
Lodge room or hall was in the third story. The original windows in
the lower story were square, as if arranged for a store. The steps,
now on the right side, were originally in the center, and a large double
door faced them. The half circle window tops now on the lower
story, were taken from the third story windows.
Picture furnished by Mr. Rheimbold, Proprietor Oriental Hotel,
Nauvoo, III.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. MARCH, 1915. No. 3.
Instructions of the Prophet Joseph
Smith.
Given to the Relief Society in Nauvoo.
We here present some precious truths and suggestions given
to the women in Nauvoo by our honored prophet. They touch
upon every phase of our work and the mission of woman. Some
things herein have appeared in the old volumes of the Woman's
Exponent; some have never before been printed. We are sure you
will enjoy every word, as it is all designed for the women of this
Society.
April 28, 1842. Lodge Room, Nauvoo.
President Joseph Smith arose and called the attention of the
meeting to I Cor. 12, "Now, concerning spiritual gifts," etc. He
said that the passage which reads, "No man can say that Jesus
is the Lord but by the Holy Ghost," should be translated, "No
man can know," etc.
He continued to read the chapter and give instructions re-
specting the different offices, and the necessity of every individual
acting in the place allotted to him or to her ; and filling the several
offices to which they were appointed. He spoke of the disposition
of men to consider the lower offices in the Church dishonorable,
and to look with jealous eyes upon the standing of others — that
it was the nonsense of the human heart for a person to be aspir-
ing to other stations than appointed of God — ^that it was better
for individuals to magnify their respective callings, and wait pa-
tiently till God shall say to them, "Come up higher."
He said the reason of these remarks being made was, that
some little thing was circulating in the Society that some persons
were not doing right in laying hands on the sick, etc. He' said if
he had common sympathies he would rejoice that the sick could be
healed ; that the time had not been before when these things could
be in their proper order — that the Church is not now organized in
92 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
its proper order — and cannot be until the temple is completed.
President Smith continued the subject by adverting to the com-
mission given to the ancient apostles, "Go ye into all the world,"
etc. No matter who believes these signs, such as healing the sick,
casting out devils, etc., the signs should follow all that believe,
whether male or female. He asked the society if they could not
see by this sweeping stroke that wherein they are called, it is the
privilege of those set apart to administer in the authority which is
conferred on them ; and if the sisters should have faith to heal the
sick, let all hold their tongues, and let everything roll on.
He said if God has appointed him, and chosen him as an in-
strument to lead the Church, why not let him lead it through?
Why stand in the way when he is appointed to do a thing? Who
knows the mind of God? Does He not reveal things differently
from what we expect? He remarked that he was continually ris-
ing; although he had everything bearing him down, standing in
his way and opposing; after all, he always came out right in the
end.
Respecting the females laying on hands, he further remarked
there could be no evil in it. If God gave his sanction by healing,
there could be no more sin in any female laying hands on the sick
than in wetting the face with water — that it is no sin for anybody
to do it who has faith — or if the sick have faith to be healed by the
administration.
He reproved those who were disposed to find fault with the
management of concerns — saying that if he had undertaken to.
lead the Church he would lead it right — that he intended to or-
ganize the Church in its proper order, etc.
President Smith continued by speaking of the difficulties he
had to surmount ever since the commencement of the work in con-
sequence of aspiring, "great big elders," as he called them, who
had caused him much trouble, whom he had taught in the private
Council, and they would go forth into the world and proclaim
the things he had taught them, as their own revelations — the same
aspiring dispositions will be in this society, and must be guarded
against — that every person should stand and act in the place ap-
pointed, and thus sanctify the society and get it pure.
He said he had been trampled under foot by aspiring elders,
for all were infected by that spirit, for instance had been
aspiring — they could not be exalted, but must run away, as though
the care and authority of the Church were vested in them — he said
he had a subtle devil to deal with, and could only curb him by
being humble.
He said as he had this opportunity, he was going to instruct
the Society and point out the way for them to conduct it, that they
might act according to the will of God — that he did not knoiv that
he should have many opportunities of teaching them, — that they
INSTRUC710NS OF THE PROPHET. 93
zvere going to he left to themselves — that they would not long
have him to instruct them — that the Church ivould not have his
instructions long, and the world zvould not be troubled zvith him a
great while, and zvould not have his teachings — he spoke of de-
livering the keys of this Society and of the Church — that accord-
ing to his prayers, God had appointed him elsewhere.
He exhorted the sisters always to concentrate their faith and
prayers for, and place confidence in, those whom God had chosen
to honor, whom God has placed at the head to lead — that we
should arm them with our prayers — that the keys of the kingdom
are about to be given to the leaders — that they may be able to
detect everything false.
You must put down iniquity and by your own example pro-
voke the elders to good works ; if you do right there is no dangef
of going too fast. He said he did not care how fast we run in th«
path of virtue. Resist evil and there is no danger. God, men,
angels, and devils can't condemn those who resist everything
that is evil — as well might the devil seek to dethrone Jehovah as
the soul that resists everything that is evil.
The Charitable Society, this is according to your natures — it
is natural for females to have feelings of charity — you are now
placed in a situation where you can act according to those sym-
pathies which God has planted in your bosoms. If you live up
to these principles, how great and glorious. If you live up to
your privilege, the angels cannot be restrained from being your
associates — females, if they are pure and innocent, can come into
the presence of God, for what is more pleasing to God than inno-
cence? You must be innocent or you cannot come up before
God ; let us be pure ourselves. The devil has great power — he
will so transform things as to make one gape at those who are
doing the will of the Lord. You need not be tearing men down
for their good deeds, but let the weight of innocence be felt which
is more mighty than a millstone hung around the neck. Not war,
not jangle, not contradiction, but meekness, love, purity, these
are the things that should magnify us. Eyil must be brought to
light — iniquity must be purged out — then the veil will be rent,
and the blessings of heaven will flow down — they will roll down
like the Mississippi river.
After this instruction you will be responsible for your own
sins. It is an honor to save yourselves — all are responsible to save
themselves.
President Smith, after reading from the above-mentioned
chapter, continued to give instruction respecting the order of God
as established in the Church, saying that everyone should aspire
to magnify his own office, etc.
He then commenced reading the 15th chapter, "Though I
94
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
speak with the tongues of men," etc., and said, Don't be limited
in your views with regard to your neighbor's virtues, but be lim-
ited towards your own virtues, and not think yourselves more
righteous than others. You must enlarge your soul toward others,
if you would do like Jesus, and carry your fellow creatures to
Abraham's bosom.
He said he had been l6ng-suffering, and we must all be pa-
tient. President Smith then read, "Though I have the gift of
prophecy," etc. He said that though one should become mighty,
do great things, overturn mountains, etc., and should then turn
to eat and drink with the drunken, all former deeds would not
save him, but he would go to destruction.
As you increase in innocence and virtue, as you increase in
goodness, let your hearts expand — let them be enlarged towards
others — you must be long-sufifering and bear with the faults and
errors of mankind. How precious are the souls of men! The
female part of the community are apt to be contracted in their
views. You must not be contracted, but you must be liberal in
your feelings.
Let this society teach wives how to act to\yards husbands,
to treat them with mildness and affection. When a man is borne
down with trouble, when he is perplexed, if he can meet a smile
instead of an argument — if he can meet with mildness, it will calm
THE MANSION HOUSE, NAUVOO. HOME OF THE PROPHET.
INSTRUCTIONS OF THE PROPHET. 95
down his soul and soothe his feehngs. When the mind is going
to despair it needs a solace.
This Society is to get instructions through the order which
God has established, through the medium of those appointed to
lead, and notv I turn the key to you in the name of God, and this
Society shall rejoice, and knowledge and intelligence shall flow
down from this time — this is the beginning of better days to this
Society.
When you go home never give a cross word, but let kindness,
charity and love crown your work henceforward. Don't envy sin-
ners. Have mercy on them — let your labors be confined, mostly,
to those around you in your own circles ; as far as knowledge is
concerned, it may extend to all the world. But your administra-
tions should be confined to the immediate circles of your acquaint-
ance, and more especially to the members of the Society. Those
appointed to lead the society are authorized to call others to dif-
ferent offices as the circumstances shall require.
If any have a matter to reveal, let it be in your own tongue.
Do not indulge too much in the gift of tongues, or the devil will
take advantage of the innocent. You may speak in tongues for
your comfort, but I lay this down for a rule, that if anything is
taught by the gift of tongues, it is not to be received for doctrine.
The Spirit of the Lord was poured out in a very powerful
manner, never to be forgotten by those present on that interesting
occasion.
Eliza R. Snow, Secretary.
May 26, 1843.
President Smith, the Prophet, then arose, read Ezekiel 14.
He said the Lord had declared by that Prophet that the people
should each one stand for himself and depend on no man or men
in that state of corruption of the Jewish church — that righteous
persons could only deliver their own souls. Applied it to the
present condition of the Church of Latter-day Saints. If the
people depart from the Lord, they must fall ; they were depending
on man, hence were darkened in their minds from neglect of
themselves — they were envious towards the innocent, while they
afflict the virtuous with their shafts of envy .
There is another error which opens the door for the adver-
sary to enter. A female possesses refined feelings and sensitive-
ness; they are also subject to an overmuch zeal, which must ever
prove dangerous, and cause them to be rigid in a religious capa-
city. They should be armed with mercy. Where there is a moun-
tain top, there is also a valley. We should act in all things as a
proper medium to every immortal spirit. Notwithstanding the un-
worthy are among us, the virtuous should not from self-import-
ance grieve and oppress needlessly those unfortunate ones ; even
these should be encouraged to hereafter live to be honored by
96
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
this Society, who are the best portions of the community. Said
he had two things to commend to the Society ; first to put a double
watch over the tongue. No organized body can exist without this.
All organized bodies have their peculiar weaknesses and diffi-
culties— the object is to make those not so good, equal with the
good, and hold the keys of power which will influence to goodness
and virtue. Second, you should chasten and reprove and then
keep it all in silence ; not even to mention the matter again ; if
you will do this you will be established in power, holiness and vir-
tue, and the wrath of God will be turned away. He had one re-
quest to make of the president and the Society: that you search
yourselves — the tongue is an unruly member, hold your tongues
about things of no moment — a little tale will set the world on fire.
If we were brought to desolation the disobedient would find
no help. There are some who are obedient, yet men cannot steady
the ark — my arm can not do it — God must steady it.
FATHER SMITH S HOME, NAUVOO.
Place where the Mummies were kept.
June 9, 1842.
President Joseph Smith opened the meeting by prayer; and
proceeded to address the congregation on the doings of the Soci-
ety. He said it is no matter how fast the Society increases if all
are virtuous. We must be as particular with regard to the char-
acter of members as when the Society first started. Sometimes
persons wished to put themselves into a society of this kind, but
when they do not intend to pursue the ways of purity and right-
eousness, that the Society cannot be a shelter to them in their
wickedness.
President Smith said that henceforth no person should be
admitted, but by presenting regular petitions signed by two or
INSTRUCTIONS OF THE PROPHET. 97
three members in good standing in the Society — whoever comes
in must be of good report. He said he was going to preach mercy.
Supposing that Jesus Christ and angels should object to us on
frivolous things, what would become of us? We must be merci-
ful and overlook small things. By union of feeling we obtain
power with God. Christ said he came to call sinners to repent-
ance and save them. Christ was condemned by the righteous Jews
because he took sinners into his society to reform them ; he took
them upon the principle that they repented of their sins. It is the
object of this Society to reform, those persons, not to take those
that are corrupt ; but if they repent, we are bound to take them,
and by kindness sanctify them and cleanse them from all unright-
eousness by our influence in watching over them — nothing will
have such influence over people as the fear of being disfellow-
shiped by so goodly a Society as this.
Nothing is so much calculated to lead people to forsake sin
as to take them by the hand and watch over them in tenderness.
When persons manifest the least tenderness and love towards
me, O what power it has over my mind, while the opposite course
has a tendency to harrow up all the harsh feelings and to depress
my mind. It is one evidence that men are unacquainted with the
principle of godliness to behold their contraction of feeling and
lack of charity. The power and glory of godliness is spread out
in a broad principle, as if to throw out the mantle of charity. God
does not look on sin with allowance, but when men have sinned,
there must be an allowance for them. All the religious idea is
boasting of righteousness — it is the doctrine of the devil to retard
the human mind and retard our progress by filling us with self-
righteousness. The nearer we get to our heavenly Father, the
more we are disposed to serve him. The more prone we are to
look with compassion on perishing souls — to take them upon our
shoulders and cast their sins behind our backs, I am going to
talk to all the society. If you would have God have mercy on you,
have mercy on one another.
President Smith then referred them to the conduct of the
Savior when he was taken and crucified, etc. He then made a
promise in the name of the Lord saying that the soul that has
righteousness enough to ask God in a secret place for life, every
day of his or her life, shall live to threescore years and ten. We
must walk uprightly all day long. How glorious are the princi-
ples of righteousness. We are full of selfishness — the devil flat-
ters us that we are very righteous, while we are feeding on the
faults of others. We can only live by worshiping our God — all
must do it for themselves, none can do it for another. How
mildly the Savior dealt with Peter, saying that "when thou art
converted, strengthen thy brethren." At another time he said to
him, "lovest thou me?" "feed my sheep." If the sisters love the
98 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Lord, let them feed the sheep and not destroy them. How oft
have wise men and women sought to dictate to Brother Joseph,
by saying, "Oh, if I were in Brother Joseph's shoes." They would
find that men could not be compelled in the kingdom of God, but
must be dealt with with long-sufifering, and at last we shall save
them. "The way to keep all the Saints together and keep the work
rolling is to wait with all long-suffering till God shall bring such
characters to justice ; there should be no licenses for sin, but mercy
should go hand in hand with reproof. Sisters of this Society, shall
there he strife among you? I will not have it — you must repent
and get the love of God. Aivay with self-righteousness. The best
measure or principle to bring the poor to repentance is to admin-
ister to their wants — the Society is not only to relieve the poor,
hut to save the soul."
President Smith then said that he would give a lot of land to
the Society by deeding it to the treasurer, that the Society may
build houses for the poor. He also said that he would give a
house — frame not finished, said that Brother Gaboon will move it
on to the aforesaid lot, and the Society can pay him by giving
orders on the store — that it was a good plan to set those to work
who were owing widows and thus let them make an effort to pay
the debt, etc.
President Joseph Smith opened the meeting by addressing
the Society. He commenced by expressing his happiness and
thankfulness for the privilege of being present on this occasion.
He said great exertions had been made on the part of our en-
emies, but they had not accomplished their purpose. God had
enabled him to keep out of their hands — he had warred a good
deal inasmuch as he had whipped out all of Bennett's host — his
feelings at the present were relieved inasmuch as the. Lord Al-
mighty had preserved him today. He said it reminded him of
the Savior, when he said to the Pharisees, Go ye and tell that fox,
"Behold I cast out devils, and I do cures today and tomorrow, and
the third day I shall be perfected," etc. He said that he expected
that the heavenly Father had decreed that the Missourians shall
not get him.
President Smith continued by saying, "I shall triumph over
mine enemies — I have begun to triumph over them at home, and
I shall do it abroad — all those who shall rise up against me shall
feel the weight of their iniquity upon their own heads — those who
speak evil are abominable characters and full of iniquity — all the
fuss and all the stir against me is like the jack o' lantern ; it cannot
be found. Although I do wrong, I do not do the wrong I am
charged with doing. The wrongs that I, like other men, do are
through the frailty of human nature. No man lives without fault.
Do vou think that even Jesus, if he were here, would be without
INSTRUCTIONS OP THE PROPHET. 99
fault in your eyes? They said all manner of e^il against him —
they all watched for iniquity. How easy it was for Jesus to call
out all the iniquity of the hearts of those whom he was among?
The servants of the Lord are required to guard against those
things that are calculated to do the most evil — the little foxes spoil
the vines — little evils do the most iniquity to the Church. If you
have evil feelings and speak of them to one another, it has a
tendency to do mischief.
When I do the best I can — when I am accomplishing the
greatest good, then the most evils are gotten up against me.
I have come here to bless you. The Society has done
well. Their principles are to practice holiness. God loves
you, and your prayers in my behalf shall avail much. Let
them not cease to ascend to God in my behalf. . The enemy
will never get away — I expect he will array everything against
me — I expect a tremendous warfare. He that will war the Chris-
tian warfare will have the angels of devils, and all the infernal
powers of darkness, continually arrayed against him. When
wicked and corrupt men oppose, it is a criterion to judge if a man
is warring the Christian warfare. When all men speak evil of you,
blessed are you, etc. Shall a man be considered bad when a
wicked man speaks evil of him? No. If a man stand and oppose
a world of sin, he may expect all things arrayed against him.
But it will be but a little season, and all these afflictions will
be turned away from us, inasmuch as we are faithful and are not
overcome by these evils, by seeing the blessings of the endowment
rolling on, and the kingdom increasing and spreading from sea
to sea ; we will rejoice that we were not overcome by these foolish
things.
President Smith then remarked that a few things had been
revealed to him in his absence respecting the baptisms for the
dead, which he should communicate next Sabbath, if nothing
shoidd occur to prevent.
Later. — President Smith said he had one remark to make re-
specting the baptism for the dead— to suffice for the time being,
until he has opportunity to discuss the subject to greater length —
that is, all persons baptised for the dead must have a recorder
present, that he may be an eye witness to testify of it.
It will be necessary in the grand council, that these things be
testified of; let it be attended to from this time, for if there is any
lack it may be at the expense of our friends — they may not come
forth, etc.
1276 names were enrolled as members. The recorded re-
ceipts were $415.24.
Report of the Nauvoo Relief Society.
We give here a report of the work done during the first year
of the ReHef Society. This report appeared in No. 18, Vol. IV,
of the Times and Seasons, and is both vahiable and interesting:
FEMALE RELIEF SOCIETY.
The first annual report of the Female Relief Society of
Nauvoo ; being a correct statement of the receipts and disburse-
ments of the society, from its organization, March 17, 1842,' to
March 17, 1843, to- wit :
Received in donations of money, clothing, provisions, etc. .$507.00
Expended in appropriations for the relief of the poor .... 298.48
Leaving at the time aforesaid a balance as follows ; to-wit :
Cash $ 29.00
Share in the Nauvoo House 50.00
Note of hand by J. Emmett- 12.00
Orders 19.00
Cow, the use of which is appropriated to
Widow H 14.00
Shingles 7.50
Various articles of clothing, provisions, etc. 77.02
$208.52
An apology is due to the members of the Society for our delay
in presenting this report. We would only say, it was unavoidable
in consequence of circumstances beyond the control of the treas-
urer, Mrs. E. A. Holmes, which rendered it impossible for her to
make satisfactory returns at an earlier period.
We hope the ladies of the Society will feel encouraged to re-
new their exertions,knowing that the blessings of the poor are rest-
ing upon them. We feel assured from what has passed under our
personal observation, that many during the inclemency of the win-
ter were not only relieved, but preserved from famishing, through
their instrumentality. More has been accomplished than our most
sanguine anticipations predicted, and through the assistance and
blessing of God, what may we not hope for the future?
By order of the President.
Eliza R. Snow, Secretary.
Nauvoo, June 30, 1843.
The Genesis of the Relief Society
By Maud Baggarley.
"Stretch forth thy hands to the poor,"
Said Joseph, the prophet and seer ,
"As ye walk in the pathway of virtue
To comfort and strengthen and cheer ;"
For this is thy mission, O Woman,
Whom God hath set in high place —
To serve in compassionate mercy ;
To uplift, with goodness, the race !
To serve, though a queen and a priestess.
Facing the light of the sun,
Heeding not scorn nor contumely,
Awaiting the whisper: "Well done."
O thou who rockest the cradle;
Who teachest great truths at the knee ;
Whose prayers are heard above cannon ,
God looks with favor on thee !
At the 'gateway of Life He hath set thee,
Whose tears of compassion are shed
For the weak, and the lost, and the erring ;
Whose tenderness hallows the dead.
When the Prophet didst call and ordain thee,
^e Mothers of Zion so true.
Inspired, he looked down the ages
To a broad and a glorious view
Of woman, triumphant in glory.
Sweet Angels of mercy, are you.
Early Development of the Textile Art.
Rose H. Widtsoe.
The pages of history record, among many other things, to the
honor of woman, that she played an important part in the discov-
ery and the development of the art of making fabrics. The old
saying that "necessity is the mother of invention" is truly ap-
plicable in her life. She had to feed, and clothe, and shelter her
children ; so, among primitive races, she was the inventor, the
pioneer in many of the industries. Man has replaced her in mod-
ern manufacture, but to her is due the credit of discovering the
first principles. She learned from nature what materials to use.
She also got her ideas of form and design from the same great
teacher. The debt we owe to her cannot be overestimated. Her
hundreds of years of patient toil and invention have laid the basic
principles for modern textile progress. To appreciate her share
in primitive culture, we must remember the many hardships she
endured, hardships of which the women of today cannot conceive.
In attempting to trace the development of the great textile
art, it is impossible to reach the beginning. As far back as the
printed page in history will carry us, there are evidences of a well-
developed industry. A study of prehistoric times, through dusty
relics and specimens of textiles that have been preserved in various
ways, gives evidence that this industry could yet be traced many
ages in the distant past. We must be content with the reasoning
set forth, that a man felt the need of something more than the food
and shelter provided by nature, he doubtless began to devise imple-
ments, clothing and habitations of some sort. The skins of ani-
mals and barks of trees first supplied his needs, but gradually he
learned to make use of the reeds and grasses about him, and then
the wool, flax and other fibers that nature provided. He wove
these twigs and fibers into baskets, mats and cloth.
It was customary among primitive people to bury with their
dead weapons, tools and clothing, which they considered the per-
son might need in his journey into the unknown world. Thousands
of years later the graves of these prehistoric men have been
opened, and the things buried with them have come to light, giv-
ing much valuable information concerning the early art of making
fabrics. Among these tools are spindles, shuttles, crude looms,
combs and other implements used in spinning and weaving. In
some localities, due to certain peculiar conditions of climate or soil,
not only stone and wooden implements have been preserved, but
also pottery, basketry, and even textile fabrics have been found.
In the tombs of ancient Egypt, where bodies were wrapped in
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEXTILE ART. 103
doth and then enbalmed. textile fabrics four thousand years old
'"'orAe'cTalt'of Peru, where the dry, saline sands are excel-
lent ""estaTvl^raves' have recent^^^^^^^^^^
^ry^nn0 thesc rcHcs wcrc found many fabrics ot imen, cuum a
;:oTfeI^ifWen;broider^^^^^^^^^^^
^y b^; r: d .-r Natr^'Ht^ory-Museun, of New YorK. also
"^Thcirmfus'd'bylh'e'per^.vLs were very simple, as were
*°^*w:rnothave to depend upon history or upon reUcs for
TcS^ T\"irrri:™:ii .s ^rSot^s, when .^andhng r^ds or
£di^;;r.;^na^."-L^^^F-"BS^'i
eple, and other natural forms, furnislr shapes and des.g"S^ An
7X when thus kept cl- - natur. knownr^^
ully woven to produce intricate geometr.c figures^ I^^Z^^.l
S'^;Sl= tt^ 'tsT P^atir r 1 n^diln^'-etimes
^""wh'*efwe'haTe'p'at:^through Just the stage of develop^
mentTn which we find the Eskimo, the Amer.can Ind.an, and the
104 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
South Sea Islander, may be a matter of conjecture, but most prob-
ably our ancestors, thousands of years ago, carried on their arts
and industries in a somewhat similar manner, and the study of
these primitive peoples serves to give us the stages in the develop-
ment of the higher forms of industry.
There are few people to be found today who are entirely un-
affected by modern civilization, and the commercial spirit which
follows in its train. An example of this is found in the Navajo
Indian. His blankets have been one of our best examples of a
simple and beautiful art ; the art of a people untutored in the mod-
ern theories of color and design, the product of the individual
influenced only by tradition. Unfortunately the modern curiosity
hunter has brought the Navajo too much before the public eye.
His art has become commercialized, and the demand for his wares
has caused him to produce faster than he can produce well. He
has borrowed from the white man colors which he does not know
how to use. He works now for the public rather than for himself.
The consequence is that it is difficult to find the true Navajo blan-
ket. So it is with other people in other parts of the world ; and
as civilization spreads, it will not be long before the primitive
man, uninfluenced by modern times and conditions, will be a crea-
ture of the past, and his art will be a lost art.
Coming close to home, we have a textile industry that is in-
teresting, because of its simplicity and its strength; the industry
of our great grandmothers. In early days, the loom was a com-
mon possession of every home, and every housewife was her own
producer. The fabrics woven were excellent woolens and linens,
representing the honest efforts of a frugal, home-loving people.
These fabrics are often beautiful — but beautiful because of their
firm and interesting texture, the simplicity of design and color-
scheme, and above all, the excellency of the materials. No adulter-
ations were found in these home-made, hand-made fabrics. Ex-
amples of such fabrics are found in the homespun cloths, blankets,
the blue and white bed-covers, and the linen sheets that remain to
this day to tell their own story.
The rush of modern civilization is fast forcing this home in-
dustry out of existence. The wonderful machine-made fabrics of
today are, of course, the most important. Hand-made fabrics can-
not compete with machine-made goods, nor do we desire this. But
there is an individuality of taste in hand-made goods which is lack-
ing in machine goods. For this reason, we should encourage a
certain amount of handwork, and not allow this splendid industry
to die out entirely. Many who appreciate the value of true home-
spun are making a great effort to preserve what is left. Much
credit is due to the Arts and Crafts Movement which is trying to
popularize these homespun articles in the modern home.
Dressmaking at Home.
By The Tzi'o Sarahs.
There are two splendid reasons why dress-makmg should be
an established fact in every home. We get from good authority
the startling fact that 85% of the income of the nation is spent
bv the women. , , i • i . t
What can mother and daughter do to lessen the high cost of
living^ Understand the art of dress-making and apply it m the
home We learn to do by doing, and develop a confidence m our
own powers of making and even creating the clothes we wear;
so if we persist in doing dress-making for the family, we not
only save large-and we may say in many cases unnecesssary-
expense bills,^but are growing and developing ourselves.
I was led to admire very much, one day recently, a pretty
silk waist made and worn by one of my lady friends She was
proud of it, but had one bitter regret, that had she made the same
effort twenty-five years ago, how different would have been the
results. Having worked during that time m the office or store,
she reckoned she had spent at least $159 in waist-makmg. Fancy
her satisfaction financially, had she been wearing home-made
waists all that time. ^ i ^„
The first essential is reliable patterns. If one cannot rely on
the ones she may buy, let her get a good dress-maker to take her
measure and draft one. • i ^- a
Materials suitable for the season is a b-.g consideration. A
o-ood quality of cloth keeps its shape, holds its color, and will
often turn and may be remodeled to good advantage. _
Before making over old material, be sure the garment is
worth while. ,, . r ^ r -t a^.^^
If it is to be ripped apart, remove all stains first, for it done
afterwards, the seams will stretch. Rip seams with great care,
using- a sharp pen knife.
If the goods to be renovated is of silk texture, brush with a
piece of old flannel. If woolen, shake well and brush with a whisk
broom Sponge black silk on both sides with spirits of wine hang
out doors until nearly dry, cover with white tissue paper, and iron
lis-htlv with a slightly-warm iron. ^,
Buttons are again being used. "Fortunate the woman who
has saved her buttons and pieces of expensive trimmnimg. But-
tons of contrasting color are promised for the new tailored suits.
In waist-making, be particular regarding the fit of your col-
lar- it means comfort and good beauty, and good style; finish the
collar with flat ruching or silk cord— white is always softening
106 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
to the face. We note, with pleasure, the return of the pretty,
dressy jabot.
Be careful in the setting of your sleeves. Long ones are
again in vogue, and are made to fit snugly from the elbow to
the wrist. Stout women should always have the lower sleeve, from
elbow to wrist, fit closely. It has a good effect for such figures.
One may finish the wrist with a neat cuff, or ruffles of soft lace.
The new waists have a simulated closing seam down the
back ; in some, the waist line is creeping up.
Very short indeed are most of the new skirts ; all are wide —
very wide — considering the extreme narrow ones of a few months
ago. All women hail the return of the wider, more modest skirt.
The conservative will choose a length from two to four
inches from the ground. The skirt never looks well unless per-
fectly true around the bottom. A great help for the home dress-
maker is an inexpensive device for this purpose, which may be
purchased at almost any store.
A braid is a splendid protection for the skirt ; use belting
for the waist-band, and be very precise, in the finishing of the
placket. The writer once was urgently requested by a buyer of
a large department store to suggest to our sex the necessity of
inventing something that would keep this unseemly gap in the
back of the skirt closed. The best thing known of is to sew on,
about one inch apart, the small snaps of best quality with strong
cotton thread, or small hooks and eyes — plenty of them. Sew
them on close together.
All bias seams should be neatly bound with narrow tape or
strips of lining on the bias, to keep in shape.
If one can afford an artificial form to fit and drape the gowns
on, it will be found very helpful. Many use the pillow to fit the
waist or basque on.
We all desire our clothing to have a pleasing, artistic ef-
fect. So, in cararying out the design of a dress, it is as necessary
to stay with the pattern, to get the best results, as it is for an
architect to build according to forms and plans.
By practicing economy in the home, we may assist very ma-
terially in feeding the hungry, clothing the desolate, and com-
forting the distressed.
The Relief Society women are heartily in favor of the move-
ment, among some of our leading American women, for simpler,
more becoming, and truly modest designs in women's clothes.
It was said by Shakespeare that "apparel oft proclaims the
man." And dress does exert an influence, a great influence upon
the character.
Kitchen Kinks.
GOOD FLOUR.
Few housekeepers select flour by examination. Usually they
take some brand tried and recommended by a friend, or by the
grocer who furnishes them with their supplies. There is really no
rule to be given by which an inexperienced cook can determme with
accuracy the good grades of flour. A few hints, however, will
enable any one to know what not to buy. Never buy flour that
has a bluish tint and will not adhere to the hand when pressed
in the palm. Poor flour can be blown about easily ; sometimes a
poor grade has a grey, dingy look, as if mixed with cement.
Good flour adheres to the hand, and when pressed, shows the
prints of the fingers and lines in the palms of the hand ; its color
is a soft, creamy white.
Flour should be purchased annually, where possible m quanti-
ties corresponding with the size or number in the family. Care
should be taken in storing flour, as dampness causes it to lunip
and mould, and it will soon become unfit for use. It should be
kept dry and cool, and out of the reach of mice, rats and the meal
moth— the meal moth is more to be dreaded than either mice or
rats.
GLUTEN.
The proportion of gluten in wheat, and consequently in flour,
varies greatly. Flour in which gluten is abundant will absorb
much more liquid than that which contains a greater proportion
of starch, and consequently such flour is richer, that is, will make
more bread to a given quantity. Gluten forms flesh, while starch
is a heat-producer in the nutritive process of the body.
There is a great difference of opinion as to the comparative
merits of bread made from fine flour, and graham or whole-wheat
flour. The latter is certainly best for those who lead sedentary
lives, as the coarse particles stimulate the digestive organs, and
indeed the whole alimentary tract, causing the fluids to flow more
freely; while for those who follow active, out-of-door pursuits,
the fine flour bread is orobably best, being more nutritive and eco-
nomical, because quickly and easily assimilated. It is well for
every family to have a' constant supply of whole wheat or rye
flour, and corn meal on hand in order that a change of bread may
be rnade. Most people find the rye and corn meal bread very
palatable and health-promoting.
108 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
BREAD-MAKING
The old saying "bread is the staff of hfe'' has very sound
reason in it. Flour made from wheat, or rye, and meal from oats
and Indian corn are all rich in the waste repairing elements.
Starch and albumen really head the list of articles of food for
mankind. Good bread makes the homeliest and coarsest meal
acceptable and appetizing to those who love bread, while the most
delicious meal is intolorable without it. Light, crisp rolls, muflfins
or toast for breakfast, sweet light, spongy bread for dinner, and
airy flaky biscuit for supper — these cover a cultitude of culinary
sins. There is no one thing on which the health and comfort
of the family so much depends as on good, wholesome home-made
bread.
Opinions may differ as to what constitutes good bread, as
much as tastes differ on any other cuhnary duty, etc., but all will
agree that bread to be good must be light, sweet; free from acid,
or any yeasty taste, and should not be a soggy or doughy mass.
To obtain the best results, use the best grade of flour, as in
families when there is no waste the best is the cheapest.
Bread-making seems a simple process, but after all, it re-
quires careful, delicate manipulating and watching from start to
finish. The pinch or guesssing system must be done away with,
and a careful method of weights and measures used, instead,
Do not put dough in cold or drafty places if you expect good
results, and after all, that is what the thorough practical house-
wife is aiming for — good results. There are many things in
breadmaking which require careful observation. We may have
access to and use the best receipts (these are invaluable aids), but
experience and care is required before any woman can acquire
the much coveted name "a good breadmaker."
Four things are indispensable, — good flour, good yeast, watch-
ful care, and sifted flour. After the flour, comes the yeast or
"raising" of which there are several kinds, the dry yeast, the
compressed yeast, or the potato yeast. I presume the home-made
potato yeast is the one most generally liked, and has the least
chance of leaving taste in the bread if an over-abundance should
be used. If you use milk to mix the bread with it should be
scalded and partly cooled, as when the liquid is too hot, the bread
is coarse. In hot weather, do not mix the bread too early in the
evening, as it is likely to run over or sour, before time for baking.
By mixing early in the morning, placing in a nice warm place,
well covered, and out of the draft, you will, in from one to three
hours have your bread ready to knead for the first time. Bread
made with milk, is, of course, more nutritious, but will not keep so
long as bread made from water. For experiment let us try bread
KITCHEN KINKS. 109
made from milk and bread made from water recipes, and see
which we most relish:
Bread recipe using" either milk or water :
4 quarts of flour, or 3 sifters.
3 tablespoons butter fat.
3 tablespoons sugar.
7 pints scalded milk (cooled).
1 compressed yeast cake, soaked in two tablespoons of luke-
warm water.
3/2 teaspoon of salt.
Or, if preferable, use one part water and one part milk.
Bread must be kneaded until it is free from lumps and does
not adhere to pan or hands. Let rise until it doubles its bulk.
Then knead, shape into loaves, let rise, until it doubles to its
bulk again, which, under favorable conditions required one to one
and one-fourth hours. The important point now is to see that the
oven is in proper condition, and while there is no definite rule
to be given for each individual stove or range, there is one given
rule which applies to, and must be observed, which is to have a
moderate steady heat, and the placing of a piece of white writ-
ing paper in the oven ten minutes before time for baking will if
warm enough, turn a delicate brown ; then place in the bread,
watch carefully for the first ten minutes, let the crust begin to
brown, and from now on, it should steadily increase in color until
a beautiful brokn is obtained. An application of steady, quiet
heat, will reward you with four or five loaves of sweet well
cooked digestable bread.
In our next issue, we will give a receipt for rolls, yeast
powder biscuits, muffins, nut bread, corn bread, and the good old-
fashioned salt rising bread like "mother used to make."
A LABOR-SAVING COAL BUCKET.
The bucket is constructed by cutting a hole the full width in
the upper part of one side on a square 1-gallon oil can, making
the cut extend four inches down and allowing one-fourth inch of
the material to turn in all around to prevent injuring the hands.
Such a bucket holds more than the usual amount of fuel that is
put on a fire at one time, and it will not spill over the edges while
pouring the coal into the stove. It does away with carrying and
lifting a heavy bucket of fuel — a job that most women dread —
when only a few shovelfuls are needed. — Contributed by L. E.
Turner, New York City.
Good Health.
By Maud Bag gar ley.
Good health is the main-spring of hfe. It makes the wheels
of the world go 'round.
Deformed and afflicted persons, and those in bad health
have performed miracles of valor, and have achieved their great
purposes by sheer will-power alone, thus demonstrating the su-
periority of mind over matter. But these are exceptions to the
general rule.
Poor health ordinarily makes of a man a grouch, a growl,
or a pessimist ; it fetters the individual and keeps his nose to the
grindstone and his eyes on the ground, instead of on the stars.
The purpose of earthly existence is service ; service to God
and to the race.
He serves best who is truest to himself. And he who is
truest to himself looks well to the laws that promote health, that
his body may be strong, his brain clear and active. In order to
attain health, one must first have a definite idea as to what consti-
tutes health. It has been called : "the perfect circulation of pure
blood in a sound organism." In other words, the blood must pass
rapidly, without hindrance to every part of a body free from
disease. In order to possess a sound body, one must not only
know the laws of health, but must obey them.
The first requisite of health is pure blood. To obtain pure
blood, it is necessary to breathe clean, uncontaminated air ; eat
simple, easily-digested food, eliminate the waste products from
the body ; exercise ; rest ; sleep ; and bathe often. Next to an
adequate supply of fresh air is the elimination of waste.
Many channels for this purpose have been provided. Each of
them is of almost equal importance. These are the lungs, the
skin, the bowels and the kidneys. The lungs must be unhampered
by tight clothing, and fully developed by deep breathing.
The pores of the skin (often called the third lung) must be
kept open by frequent bathing, rubbing, exercise, and change of
clothing. The bowel must perform its function daily.
As a fish lives in water, so man lives in air, and he should
see to it that his element is habitable, which it often is not. Many
who cannot and will not tolerate visible dirt, take quite kindly
to it when unseen, on the principle of "out of sight, out of
mind."
Then guard your health, for, "the best things are nearest,
breath in your nostrils, flowers at your feet, the path of God just
before you."
Promote your health that you may walk upright as a god in
the sun.
Circular of Instructions
To Officers and Members of the Relief Society.
These instructions and suggestions have been prepared by the
General Board in response to a very extended call for such help.
New stakes and wards are constantly organizing and old ones are
reorganizing; missions are calling for suggestions and instruc-
tions in our work; and while we would not wish to lay down fast
rules about matters of procedure which may change with years
and other conditions, we can still formulate some definite plans
and give some detailed suggestions that may prove of great vakie
to officers and members, alike.
Modes of procedure, plans ot operation vary and change
from time to time; but principle, law and truth, these go on for-
^^^^"We have endeavored to observe this distinction clearly in the
preparation of this little hand book. ^ , ^ i
The spiritual part of all our work must lorever be the dom-
inating feature thereof. We can add all the .good and precious
educafional and intellectual principles thereto that we may desire;
but uppermost always is the principle of true religion and un-
defiled— to visit the widow and succor the distressed.
This little circular is sent forth with an earnest hope that it
will help all and hinder none. ^lay the Lord add His blessing
to this labor of love.
PLAN OF CIRCULAR.
1. Name.
2 History— Genesis. Object and Aim.
3 Organization— Officers : President, Counselors, Secretary,
Treasurer, Teachers, Choir Leader, Organist, Librarian.
4. Membership. . , . t^ • •
5 Meetings and Conferences— Order of business. Decisions
of the Presidency form Constitution. Officers Meet-
ings. Weekly ^leetings should be the rule. Day-
Tuesday.
Missions may provide other studies.
6 Guide WoRK-Lines of study. All lessons are nfcessary.
y PuNDS— Charity. ^lembership Dues. Stake and Ward Lx-
pense Fund. , . , , o^ i
Special Funds— Wheat. Building. Genealogical and Temple
Work. INIissionary. Library, etc.
112 RliLlEl' SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
COMMITTEES AND MINOR ACTIVITIES.
8. Nurse Class — How conducted. Requirements for entrance.
Duties and benefits.
9. Public Health — Summer Guide Lessons. Civic Improve-
ment.
10. Temple Clothing — For Current Use. Burial Clothes, Gen-
eral, Local.
11. Relief Society Home.— Cafeteria — Object. Location. Em-
ployment Bureau.
12. Insurance— Object. Beneficiaries. Agents.
13. Special Missionary Work — Aim and Purpose. Prevention,
not Reform.
14. Magazine — Woman's Exponent begun by Relief Society.
The Relief Society Magazine, our organ. Price, Size,
Object, Lessons, etc.
15. Annltal Day — Object and mode of observance.
OFFICIAL NAME.
The Relief Society of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-
day Saijits. The Society is national and even international in its
scope and activities ; when referred to in cities outside of Utah
it is known abroad as the National Woman's Relief Society.
history.
On the 17th of March, 1842, the Prophet Joseph Smith invited
some sisters to meet in the Masonic Hall, in the city of Nauvoo,
Illinois. -Eighteen met, and he taught them how to organize them-
selves into an association of philanthrophy and mental and moral
culture. There were present with the Prophet, Elders Willard
Richards and John Taylor.
The officers chosen were : President, Emma Hale Smith ;
Sarah M. Cleveland, First Counselor; Elizabeth Ann Whitney,
Second Counselor; Eliza R. Snow, Secretary; Phebe Ann
Wheeler, Assistant Secretary, and Elvira N. Cowles, Treasurer.
These officers remained until the martyrdom, when the exodus to
the West temporarily interfered with their organized work. A
house and lot was given by the Prophet to the Society, donations
were collected and disbursed regularly. The Prophet and his
associate brethren often met with the sisters and taught them the
principles of truth and eternal progress. During the short period
of two years, the Society increased to 1,275, and the recorded
receipts were $415.24. Considering the impoverished condition of
the people, this was a liberal showing.
A few ward organizations were operative in Salt Lake City,
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS
113
during the early years of our settlement in these valleys. But
shortly after the return from The Move, in 1858-59, Sister Eliza
R. Snow was commissioned by President Brigham Young to go
into the wards and co-operate with the bishops in organizing
branches of the Relief Society, adding that she was to take Sister
Zina D. Young to assist her towards effecting a general reorgani-
zation throughout the Church. Twenty years after, the first Stake
Relief Society organization was made by President Brigham
Young himself on July 19, 1877, in Ogden, just one month before
his death, Sister Jane S. Richards being called to preside as Presi-
dent of the Weber stake Relief Society. Three years later, the
many branches and stakes of the Relief Society were gathered
under one general head by President John Taylor (who succeeded
President Brigham Young in the Presidency of the Church) on
the 19th of June, 1880, and that great leader and organizer, Eliza
R. Snow, was appointed as the General President, with Zina D. H.
Young and Elizabeth Ann Whitney as her counselors. Mrs.
Sarah M. Kimball was secretary, and Mrs. M. Isabella Home was
treasurer. Sister Snow offi-
ciated as the leading wom-
an in the Endowment
House during all the years
that temporary House was
in operation.
Eliza R. Snow, assisted
by Zina D. Young, Phebe
Woodruff, Jane S. Rich-
ards, M. Isabella Home,
Sarah M. Kimball, and
Emmeline B. Wells, Eliza-
beth Howard and others,
organized ward and stake
divisions of the Society
throughout the Church
during her life time. Sis-
ter Snow also assisted
President Young to organ-
ize the Young Ladies' Mu-
tual Improvement Associa-
tion— first known as the
Young Ladies' Retrench-
ment Association, and later,
under President John
Taylor, organized the Pri-
mary Association. A corps -^,^^__^,_
of teachers was a part of '^'^^^^''^?ieYy^HAl¥^''''''' ^°'
every Relief Society, and First one erected. Cost, $5,500.
114 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
during Sister Snow's administration, many features of the work
which have since accomplished great things were introduced and
made permanent. Among these were the Senior Retrenchment
Society under Mary Isabella Home, the suffrage movement, which
was headed by Sarah M. Kimball, the grain saving movement,
with Emmeline B. Wells at its head, neighborhood nursing, the
silk movement, with Zina D. Young as leader. This included the
planting of mulberry trees, growing of cocoons, and the manu-
facture of raw silk into cloth. Women's co-operative concerns
were organized, Relief Society houses were builded, the Woman's
Exponent was started, and the study and writing of books was
encouraged. Stake, ward and general conferences were instituted,
ward roll and minute books were devised, local, stake, and general
reports were prepared, while Sister Snow and her assistants trav-
eled constantly, visiting old branches and organizing new ones in
the wards and stakes. The Relief Society was in a splendid condi-
tion when the death of Eliza R. Snow occurred, Dec. 5, 1887. At
the April conference, 1888, Zina D. H. Young was appointed Gen-
eral President of the Society. She continued with the work along
the same lines which had been followed so thoroughly and effec-
tively by her predecesssor. During her administration, the nurse
class work was instituted under Dr. Margaret C. Roberts, Dr. Ro-
mania B. Penrose, and Dr. Ellis R. Shipp, and this, too, was made
a permanent feature of Relief Society activity. The sweet,
affectionate spirit of Aunt Zina — as she was lovingly called — was
a particular feature of her regime. Faith, love, charity, and
obedience to the priesthood, were the fundamental features of her
life, and this spirit permeated the Society while she lived. The
general officers at that time were Zina D. H. Young, with Jane S.
Richards, Bathsheba W. Smith, and Sarah M. Kimball as her
counselors. Sarah M. Kimball had been secretary for some years,
with Dr. Romania P. Penrose as assistant secretary and Emmeline
B. Wells as corresponding secretary, and Mary Isabella Home,
treasurer. During a portion of that time Aunt Zina occupied the
dual position of President of the sisters in the Salt Lake Temple
and General President of the Relief Society.
Mrs. Zina D. H. Young died August 28, 1901, and Mrs.
Bathsheba W. Smith was appointed General President Nov. 10,
1901, and for nine years she continued in this office with gracious
dignity, at the same time holding the office of President of the
sisters in the Salt Lake Temple. She, too, carried forward the
work in the spirit and genius with which she had been familiar
since its inception, she being a charter member of the organization
in Nauvoo. The counselors to Sister Smith were Annie Taylor
Hyde and Ida S. Dusenberry, with Emmeline B. Wells, secretary,
Clarissa S. Williams, treasurer. It was during the administration
of Sister Smith that mothers' class work was introduced, largely
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS. 115
through the instrumentality of Counselor Dusenberry, assisted
by Counselor Annie T. Hyde. This new phase of Relief Society
work appealed to the sisters, and although no unified system of
study was arranged by the General Board, still the stakes prepared
suitable and excellent outlines on subjects best adapted to their
various conditions and localities. During this period, also, the
Bishop's Building was erected, to which edifice the Relief Society
contributed thousands of dollars, that they might have permanent
quarters in that building, and here, therefore, their offices were
opened in December, 1909. President Bathsheba W. Smith died
Sept. 20, 1910. Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells was appointed General
President of the Society, October 1, 1910, with Clarissa S. Wil-
liams and Julina L. Smith as her counselors, Olive D. Christensen,
secretary, Amy Brown Lyman, assistant secretary, and Emma
A. Empey, treasurer. Mrs. Christensen resigned in August, 1913,
because of ill health, and Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman was made
general secretary. In September, 1913, Mrs. Susa Young Gates
was made corresponding secretary.
The Woman's Exponent continued during the years, be-
ing the accredited organ of the Society, although not owned
or controlled by the Society. President Emmeline B. Wells
carried on her labors in this field of activity as secretary and
editor, and at last as president and editor, until March, 1914,
when the Exponent ceased publication. During the four years of
Mrs. Wells' presidency, all of the old interests have been carried
along steadily. A number of younger women have been added to
the General Board and new fields have been developed for Relief
Society workers. Among these may be mentioned, the opening of
a Relief Society Home, the introduction of a Guide, with unified
study outlines ; the regulation of conference dates in connection
with the labors of the Church correlation committee ; genealog-
ical class work ; burial insurance for women, the preparation and
sale of wedding and burial clothing, special missionary work, and
the publication of the Relief Society Magazine. All of this
later work has been undertaken under the wise and inspired direc-
tion of President Joseph F. Smith who has taken a deep personal
interest in regulating the afifairs of this Society.
From these beginnings have grown the immense and fruitful
work which now marks the progress of this Society. There were
eighteen members enrolled at the initial meeting ; two years later,
there were over 1,2'00, while today the Society numbers nearly
45,000 women.
OBJECT OF THE SOCIETY.
The Prophet Joseph Smith gave the sisters the fcillowing
counsel in the first meeting held in Nauvoo:
116 RELIEI' SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
He said that the object of the Society was to provoke the
brethren to good works, to look after the wants of the poor, to
search after objects of charity, and to administer to their wants;
to assist by correcting the morals and strengthening the virtues
of the community, and thus to save the elders the trouble of re-
buking. At another time he said that he was deeply interested in
the Society, that it might be built up in a most high and acceptable
manner, that the Society should grow by degrees, being a select
company of the virtuous, and those who would walk circumspectly.
One particular feature of the Society was to purge out iniquity.
He said, ''All difficulties which might and would cross our way
must be surmounted, though the soul be tried, the heart faint, and
hands hang down." We must not retrace our steps, he said, and
■ there must be decision of character aside from sympathy — and
when instructed we must obey that voice ; we must observe the laws
of God that the blessings of heaven may rest down upon us — that
all must act in concert or nothing can be done — that the Society
should move according to the Ancient Priesthood, hence there
would be a select Society separate from all the evils of the world,
choice, virtuous and holy. He said he was going to make of this
Society a kingdom of priestesses as in Enoch's day, as in Paul's
day, and that it is the privilege of each member to live long and
enjoy health. — Nauvoo Relief Society Minutes, Historian's
Office.
ORGANIZATION.
General, Stake, Local.
The General Board of the Relief Society presides over the
stake and ward organizations in much the same way as the general
authorities of the Church preside over the stakes and wards of
Zion. The Board now numbers twenty-three directors, out of which
are chosen a. General President, two Counselors, a General Secre-
tary, a Corresponding Secretary, and General Treasurer. The
other directors are grouped in committees representing the gen-
eral activities of the Society. There is a General Chorister and
an Organist who have charge of the General Relief Society choir,
and who supervise the music for General conferences.
The sixty-nine stakes are each organized with a central or
Stake Board with like officers and similar duties to those of the
General Board. Each ward is similarly organized. Where other
aid than the regular officers is required, either in local or stake
boards, sisters may be called in as missionaries, or members of the
hoard. The regular ward officers are a president, two counselors,
a secretary, and a treasurer, a corps of teachers, and where
"possible a librarian, a nuisic director, and a chorister, may be
added.
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS. 117
Both stake and ward organizations may have committees who
take charge of the temple clothes, genealogical and temple work,
special missionary work, insurance, wheat, and guide work, and all
other activities in which the stake or the ward Society may be
engaged.
All officers and members of the general, stake, and local Relief
Society, while acting independently in their own sphere of activitiy,
are under the controlling power of the priesthood, vested in
the Presidency of the Church, the Presidency of the Stake, and the
Bishopric of the Ward.
ORGANIZATION OF STAKE OR WARD RELIEF SOCIETY.
The organization or the reorganization of the Relief Society,
local, stake and general, is under the direct supervision, and is
effected by the local, stake, or general authorities of the Church.
The Relief Society is an auxiliary to the priesthood, and therefore
under its immediate care and guidance.
When the President dies, resigns, or is removed, reorganiza-
tion necessarily follows. The remaining officers should carry on
the work of the Society until the reorganization takes place. No-
tice of the death of any officer should be sent by the secretary, at
once, to the proper authority.
Having no written constitution and by-laws in this Society,
the decisions of the Presidency of the Church and the General
Presidency of this Society form our constitution. This elastic
provision permits the constantly revivified current of inspiration
and progress to flow through the channels of the Relief Society
from the least to the greatest ; thus constituting this Society a liv-
ing social organism. The Prophet gave the following counsel to
the sisters in Nauvoo, when organizing the Society: "Let the
Presidency serve as a constitution. All their decisions shall be
considered as law, and acted upon as such. The minutes of your
meeting will be precedent for you to act upon — your constitution
and by-laws."
All officers of the Society should be women who observe the
Sabbath day ; who honor the Word of Wisdom ; who wear their
garments according to the rules of the House of the Lord, and
who strive to keep all the laws of God.
All games of chance and cards should be avoided by the of-
fiers and members of the Society.
STAKE AND WARD PRESIDENTS.
It is the duty of the stake president and officers to instruct
the officers of the various local associations of the stake, by letter
or by personal visit, in all matters, following the counsel imparted
118 RilLIEl' SOCUiTY MAGAZINE.
to them by the Priesthood and by the General Board. Before tak-
ing any action in important matters, the stake president should
obtain the consent and approval of the stake priesthood presidency.
The stake president shoukl preside over all meetings of her board
and in her stake conferences, unless she desires one of her assist-
ing officers to perform that duty for her. It is appropriate and
courteous occasionally to invite the counselors to conduct meet-
ings. She should, if possible, attend the general conferences of
the Relief Society, her expenses, when necessary and possible, to
be paid from the stake society treasury.
The stake president should provide for the
Stake holding of stake and board meetings at least
Meetings. twice a month. Some stake officers meet weekly,
especially when studying the outlines — so that
they may be thoroughly familiar with the lessons prepared. This
is an excellent plan, as all officers should be well informed on the
lesson course adopted by the Society. Union meetings of stake
and local officers should be held at least once a month.
The stake president and her counselors and
Visits. associates should visit the local organizations as
often as possible so that the presidency may
come in direct communication with those who are under their care.
Visits to distant wards should be made at least once a year.
The stake president should see that ward
Reports. reports are promptly prepared by ward presi-
. dents or secretaries and forwarded to the stake
secretary, and that the stake report is sent by the stake sec-
retary to the general secretary ; she must note that ward
and stake minutes are properly recorded, that all accounts
are accurately kept, and that afifairs in general are in good
condition in her stake. A stake president, who is incapaci-
tated for any reason, or who intends leaving her home for any
extended period, should consult with the presiding priesthood as
to her resignation. It is unwise for any board to be left without
an active head. The stake and the ward presidents of a Relief
Society should be, above all things, women possessing an unshaken
testimony of the truth of this gospel and of the mission of the
Prophet Joseph Smith. The presidents should be women who
have received their blessings.in the Temple ; any exceptions to this
rule, for missions, or otherwise, are under the direct counsel of the
local priesthood. Moreover, they should have learned well the
lesson of obedience to the priesthood, and be ready to inculcate
that doctrine among their associates. The gospel will give them
the spirit of love and meekness, of charity and long sufifering, and
their spirits will be mellowed by its beautiful influence, if they pre-
side among their sisters, as Latter-day Saints.
CIRCULAR OF IXSTRUCTIONS. 119
Detailed Ward officers should write to tlie stake
Information. president for all detailed information concerning
the nature and conduct of their work. When
desired, stake officers may pass such points up to the General
Board. There is an order in all our work, and ward officials
should not pass over the heads of the stake presidency by address-
ing inquiries to the General Board.
The president, counselors, secretary and treasurer may be set
apart by the priesthood for their offices, but if this is not conve-
nient, let them proceed with the work on hand, until such time as
this matter can be attended to.
The president may have a voice in the
Filling Vacan- selection of her counselors and missionaries, or
cies in Boards. members of her board, but if the priesthood have
taken this matter in hand and chosen the sisters
for these offices, let the president be glad that she is thus honored
with the attention and confidence of the priesthood.
In the absence of the president at any meet-
Presiding ing, the first counselor should take charge and
Officer in carry forward the business of the meeting. If
Meetings. she l3e not present, the second counselor would
take charge, then the secretary, then the treas-
urer, and then the various members of the board in line of prece-
dence. If all the leading officers are absent, any member may arise
and move that the meeting shall begin, and name a temporary
chairman, then a temporary secretary should be chosen, and the
business of the meeting go forw^ard. If officers should at any
time be very late, it is perhaps well to carry out this order, so that
che whole meeting shall not wait upon belated officers.
COUNSELORS.
It is the duty of the counselors of the president, whether stake
jr local, to attend to meetings, to take part in all business discus-
sions and programs, and to preside in the absence of the president.
The counselors should assist in visiting the branches and members.
They may act upon committees, and do such work as the president
may indicate. It is the duty of the counselors to assist the presi-
dent, but not to lead out in any work except when called to do so
by the president. They should visit their president often and
ascertain if there is anything they can do to assist. They should
take part in organizing branches, and assist in entertaining visitors.
or in any social function which may be under way. A counselor
is to counsel in the spirit of meekness and love, with long suffering
and charity, and above all, wdien a decision of the President and
Board is made, it is the duty of the counselor to loyally sustain
that action and refrain from adverse comment on the subject to
anvone whatsoever.
120 RIIL/Ef SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
SECRETARY.
The general secretary, the stake secretary, and the local
secretary, may each perform her duty without assistance, or she
may have an assistant secretary, a recording secretary, a corre-
sponding secretary, or all three of these.
The secretary should be a woman with a general educa-
tion, able to take brief minutes, which record the business and
vital discusssions.
The secretary should have a regular weekly conference with
her president. System, order, and regular methods should mark
her labors. She should attend all meetings, and if unable to do so>
should be sure that her assistant, or some one qualified, is there
to take her place.
Minutes are the history of an organization, and should
be treated as a sacred trust. Minutes should never be taken on
slips of loose paper that are likely to be lost, but should be writ-
ten in a pencil note-book and transcribed weekly into the per-
manent record ; nor should minutes be kept carelessly lying about
the home of the secretary. A tin or galvanized box is a good
investment in which to place minutes under lock and key. The
retiring secretary should at once turn over her minutes — both
note books and record books — to her successor. There is no
exception to this rule. Tiresome discussions should not be re-
ported at length, nor vague reports made of unimportant cir-
cumstances.
In copying minutes, a margin of an inch should be left on the
left hand side of the page. In this margin, headings or sub-head-
ings of the important points in each paragraph should be writ-
ten. This is convenient for reference and invaluable as history.
The place and date of each meeting should be repeated at the
head of each set of minutes.
Only motions which are carried should be recorded. If nec-
esssary to make any record of suggestions made, or of discus-
sions, this should be done in briefest possisble manner, only the
topics discussed being named, together with those which are abso-
lutely essential to record. When discussions concern unfinished
business, it is well to merely note them, so that they may come
up suggestively in the minutes at the beginnning of the next
meeting, when the business may be completed. It is not neces-
sary, nor in good taste, for secretaries to comment on programs
or addresses. They may, or may not, have been eloquent, timely,
or interesting, but as a rule, secretaries should not record their
own opinions in this way. If necesssary to summarize a speech,
address, or remarks in conferences where important speakers
have been present, it is well to note the topics treated by the var-
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS. 121
ious speakers, as well as the names and titles of speakers. If it
should happen that the General President of the Society be present,
or if the conference should be favored with the presence of the
President of the Church, or others of the leading brethren or
sisters, it would be wise to give as full and complete a report
as may be possible or consistent of such addresses or sermons.
Newspaper reports differ very much from minutes, and it is
good exercise for the secretary to acquaint herself with the mode
of preparing a press report of any important public gathering.
All changes in ward offices should be reported at once to
the stake secretary by the ward secretary. Changes occurring in
stake offices should be immediately reported by the stake secretary
to the general secretary at headquarters.
The annual reports of the ward should be promptly prepared
by the ward secretary and forwarded by her to the stake secretary,
to be compiled into the stake reports.
The stake secretary should promptly prepare her reports and
forward them to the general secretary.
A complete set of books will be ready before the close of the
year of 1915. These books will be arranged for weekly meetings,
and for the recording of all activities.
TREASURER.
The general treasurer, the stake treasurer, and the ward
treasurer should receive and bank all moneys which belong to
the Society. The treasurer will exercise extreme care in her re-
sponsible duties, for it is the pride of this Society that in the
seventy-three years of its existence, no funds have ever been
misappropriated, nor have any of our faithful treasurers been un-
true to the trust reposed in them. The thousands, nay millions,
of dollars which have been handled by this Society since its
inception have passed through the hands of the devoted women
who have gathered and disbursed them, leaving each and all with
clean hands and pure hearts.
The treasurer should know something of bookkeeping, so
that she may keep her charity fund, her membership dues, and
stake and ward fund, and all of the special funds, separate and
distinct upon her books. She should understand, clearly, that
money which is gathered for one purpose cannot be deflected or
turned to any other purpose.
The treasurer should not issue checks for money on verbal
order from any officer of the Society. A written order from the
president of the Society, countersigned by the secretary is the
only voucher which the treasurer can safely accept. No moneys
should be drawn from the ward treasury without the consent
122 RELllil' SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
and approval of the ward officers ; and in like manner, no money
should be drawn from the stake, or general treasury without
the consent and knowledge of the stake officers or the General
Board who constitute locally and generally the directors of the
various departments and branches of the Relief Society. The
ward treasurer should gather in her annual dues promptly, and
send them to the stake treasurer who in turn sends them to the
general treasurer in January.
Great confusion results zuhen ward treasurers send annual
dues to the general treasurer. It is a rule that must he inva-
riable that zvard treasurers report only to their stake treasurer,
and she only shall remit moneys to our general treasurer.
TEACHERS.
Perhaps the most unique and efficient feature of the work
of the Relief Society is found in the corps of teachers which is
an indispensable feature of each Society.
These teachers may be few or many, according to the size
-ind number of districts which they visit in their labor among
th? people.
They are the select ones among the faithful, efficient and
capable sisters who form the body of the Society.
The teacher's practical duty consists in visiting once each
month, under the direction of the Relief Sociey presidency, every
Latter-day Saint home in her especial district, collecting charity
funds and materials each mouth. Some districts may cover
only a city block, while others may strentch over long reaches of
country farm homes. Teachers may profitably visit the homes of
non-"Mormons," if they are tactful and avoid unpleasant dis-
cussions. Many non-members are charitable, and will be glad
to contribute to the worthy poor in their neighborhood. In some
stakes, the teachers and Relief Society special missionaries have
been instrumental in converting many persons.
The teachers visit their districts in pairs, as is the custom
of the teachers of the Priesthood. Before starting out upon
their work, the teachers should be fortified with an earnest prayer
for guidance, and the sweet spirit of the gospel. The saluta-
tion of the ancient Hebrew might well be on the lips of the
teachers as they enter the portals of every home, "Peace be unto
this house." An invitation should be given by the teacher to
every woman in the ward to attend the Relief Society meet-
ing.
The conversation of the teachers should be tactfully directed
towards the principles of the gospel, and the conversation should
lead into channels which will reveal the spiritual and temporal
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS.
123
condition of the homes into which they go. This can be done
without offense, if the good spirit attends upon the teacher. If
there are any ill feelings with the mother or children in the home,
or between neighbors, perhaps a word of encouragement and
hope from the teachers may drive away the clouds of depression
and gloom in the household.
If there is any want, sickness, or destitution in the home,
these should be discretely discovered, and if the case is pressing,
that condition should be reported immediately to the president
of the Relief Society, and measures taken, at once, to relieve
that need. The funds and materials gathered by the teachers
are taken to the first meeting of the month which is the work and
business meeting; where distribution to the needy is also pro-
vided for.
In some stakes, the teachers have printed cards, in which are
reported the various points noted in their monthly visits. We
give here a suggestive copy of such a report, which may be used
if desired:
RELIEF SOCIETY TEACH ER's REPORT.
For District No., Ward..... for 191.
1
Jan. Feb.
Mar.
April
May
June
July Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Number of Homes
Number of Non-
Number of Homes
i
1
Amount Cash Re-
!
Amount Merchan-
j
Extra Time- Spent
in Charity Work
Did I Use Topic of
1
Did I Attend. Bus-
1
'
In some stakes, the teachers have a printed personal card
which is left at the door when no one is at home. The card shows
the teacher has performed her duty.
Note. — The sweet courtesy of the gospel will inspire the
teachers who go into the homes of the people, and if, perchance,
they should not always meet with like courtesy and dignity, the
124 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
teachers will understand and quickly forgive such as may unwit-
tingly give offense.
CHOIR LEADER.
Each stake and branch Relief Society should have, if pos-
sible, a well organized choir, and this of course necessitates a
faithful choir leader. Music is a very beautiful part of our
public worship, and happily the exercise of the art is, in most
cases, its own exceeding reward. The duty of the stake or ward
choir leader is to provide suitable music for opening and closing-
exercises, and where desired, special musical numbers may be
given. Congregational singing should, perhaps, be the rule in
the regular meetings of the Society. Hymns should be chosen
because of the inspiring character of both words and music.
If the choir leader is sufficiently interested and alive to her
duty to furnish special numbers during the progress of the meet-
ing or conference, she should be encouraged. She should not,
however, so embarrass the program committee with extra musical
numbers that there is no chance for the rest of the program to
go on in its uninterrupted way. Tact, as well as industry, should
mark the labors of stake and choir leaders, as, indeed, of all other
officers of the Society.
ORGANIST.
Second only to the choir leader in importance is the diligent
organist who works as hard, gives as noble service, and is as
much an integral part of the official board as any member thereof.
She, too, will appreciate a word of gratitude and encouragement
from her superior officers. '
LIBRARIAN.
The choice for librarian, general, stake or local, would neces-
sarily fall on a well read and intelligent woman. She should be
well versed in general literature ; but, above all things, she should
know the value and glory of all our sacred books, and be able
to instruct and inspire others with like zeal for a literature, pure
and undefiled. She should guard the books jealously, keep ac-
curate record of them, and insist on proper cases for their pres-
ervation.
After a library is well stocked with the Church books and
home authors, it is time enough to begin with fiction or
light literature. The best first, should be the librarian's motto.
A good dictionary, and encyclopedia, general histories and bi-
ographies would form the foundation of a library, after seciu-ing
the Church works.
CIRCULAR OP INSTRUCTIONS.
125
MEMBERSHIP.
Any woman of good character, from the
oldest to the youngest, and who desires
to unite with the Society will be welcomed
therein. The applicant should be recom-
mended by a member, and be received by a
unanimous vote of the members present.
Non-members of the Church may become members of the
Society, but cannot hold office.
Who are
eligible.
M
EMBERSHIP DUES, AND ROLL.
A roll of all Relief Society members should be kept in
the record book, and as many pages shall be reserved for the
recording of nan.es as may be necessary. A second roll may be
kept of the active meml^ership. When members attend mfre-
quently care should be taken to give them credit.
RELIEF SOCIETY HALL, FIFTH WARD, PROVO.
In conformity with the instructions of the Prophet Joseph
Smith eTch new ^iiember should be recommended by a member
in good standing and should sign her name to the roll
No name should be removed from the roll except-
First, by request of the individual.
Second, by a two-thirds vote of the members for good and
sufficient reason.
uc, Ri-Liiif sociirrv magazine.
Opposite the names of members removed or deceased, the
word removed or deceased should be written.
A reg^ular roll book should be used by the secretary, in
which the names of regular attendants shall be kept, with suf-
ficient space to add the names of properly enrolled non-attending
members, as they may attend the meetings or be received into
membership.
The membership dues should be collected the second week
in January by the teachers, who should be furnished the names of
enrolled members in their districts. All dues should be remitted
to the general treasurer during the mouth of January. All mem-
bers, whether able to attend meetings or not, should pay their
regular dues.
MEETINGS AND CONFERENCES.
The local meetings of the Society should be held weekly on
Tuesday, usually at 2 :0O p. m. The first meeting is a work and
business meeting, the second meeting is the testimony and the-
ology meeting ; the other two meetings take up the studies given
in our outline from year to year. The time of the first meeting is
occupied with business reports from the teachers, receiving and
disbursing charity funds, with a consideration of cases of want,
with the making of quilts, carpets, or clothing for the needy,
or with any other matters of regular or special business
that may come before the local society — the building or fur-
nishing of Relief Society houses, libraries, the storing of grain,
the drying of fruit, the plans for bazaars or social func-
tions, the purchasing of property, the building of granaries or
libraries. Indeed, all the forms of activity which constitute the
practical side of our work is considered in the business sessions
of the Society. The other three meetings are devoted to the
study of the lesson work which is furnished by the General Board
of the Society, and approved by the Correlation Committee of
the General Authorities.
The conduct of these meetings follows the accepted order
in this Church for the similar business or study meeting. The
general plan or order would be, —
1. Singing.
2. Prayer.
3. Singing.
4. . Roll Call.
5. Minutes.
6. Work, Testimony or Lessons.
7. Singing.
8. Benediction.
Note. Where five meeting days occur in one month the
Society is at liberty to use the day as convenience may require.
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS., 127
When business is conducted by the presiding officers in this
Society, they should follow the order of procedure mapped out
by any good parliamentarian — Roberts' Rules of Order being the
accepted guide for procedure.
Of all the meetings, the testimony and business meeting is the
most important. It is the foundation upon which all the other
work rests. Officers and members alike should give it their best
attention.
Ward officers should meet- — prefer-
ably once a week — or as often as may
Officers' be consistent or required. These meetings
Meetings. are held to discuss the business of the Society
and to prepare the way for new work to be
introduced, and for old work to be completed. The General
Board holds weekly meetings as well as occasional special
meetings to prepare the work for the Society.
GUIDE WORK.
The General Board have provided special studies for the
local wards, and these lessons, which occupy the last three meet-
ings in the month, should all be studied. If the Society can
cover all the work in the 'Guide, and find time to follow other
lines of study, they may be permitted to do so, if they will com-
municate with the General Board. But it would be a mistaken
policy, when lessons are provided for all, to permit individual
wards or stakes to choose their own, and to reject that which has
been prepared by the proper authority.
Thise rule would not apply to missions, altogether, for their
situation is different, and their requirements are varied. More
latitude could be allowed to mission presidents of the Relief
Society, but they should communicate with the General Board.
Their work, done in the missions, will be under the direct charge
of the Presidents of the Missions.
CONFERENCES, GENERAL, STAKE AND LOCAL.
Most of the wards hold an annual conference, which is visited
by the stake president or her representatives. Programs are
sometimes provided for these gatherings, and should not be too
long to permit of instructions from the visitors.
Stake conferences are held semi-annually, one of them being
known as the annual conference, which is marked by the visit of
some General Board representative.
FUNDS.
This Society has three great funds to which it contributes,
also a number of special funds. All of these are optional, with
128 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the exception of the membership dues, and are regulated accord-
ing to circumstances and conditions, both local and general.
The decision of the Presidency of the Church, in a recent
case, was that funds donated for one purpose should not be used
for any other purpose. These funds are :
Charity Fund.
Membership Dues.
Stake and Local Dues.
Special Funds. — Wheat fund, building fund, genealogy and
temple fund, nr'ssionary fund, library fund, etc.
CHARITY FUND.
The Charity fund consists of means gathered by the teach-
ers in their visits to the homes of the people. This may be any
sum from five cents upward. No case of want or sickness is neg-
lected in the midst of this people, where Relief Society teachers
are active and alive to their duties. There has never been any
need for asylums and homes for the neglected poor, and forsaken
aged, amongst this people. So far in our history, these have
always been cared for and supported by the kind hearts and willing
hands about them.
In the year 1913, there were $66,236.16 collected in the
Charity funds by all the branches of this organization. No one
who collects or distributes this amount receives a penny for her
services. It may be said of the sisters of the Relief Society that
freely they have received, and freely have they given.
None of these funds are handled by the General Board ex-
cept the general membership dues. The various funds are ad-
ministered by the Relief Society officers in the wards and stakes
of Zion for the purposes for which they were gathered.
Few realize what great sums have been
gathered, for various purposes, in this So-
SundayEggs. ciety, by the saving of Sunday eggs. Sister
Sarah Petersen, wife of President Canute Peter-
sen, of Sanpete Stake, introduced this novel idea many years ago,
and it is still in force in some parts of the Church.
membership dues.
For many years, the current expenses of the Relief Society
General Officers were borne by themselves. As years and complex
conditions made this impossible, an annual membership due was
provided. For some years, this due was 10c only. In October, 1913,
at a business meeting of the general conference of the Society, the
annual membership due was increased to 25c. This money is gath-
ered by the ward officers, and is sent by the ward treasurer to the
CIRCULAR Of IXSTRUCTIONS. 129
stake treasurer annually, and should reach the General Office in
Salt Lake City in January of each year. The money so gathered is
used for office rent, for the traveling expenses of missionaries
sent out from the General Board to the various stakes to visit
conferences and conventions ; for publishing circulars ; for cler-
ical hire ; and for such other items as pertain to the conduct of this
Society. It may be surprising to learn that thousands of dollars
are spent in the visits of the General Board who travel to Canada,
New Mexico, Colorado, Idaho and California, and sometimes for-
eign countries, visiting both near and far-away stakes. The
distant stakes are usually the least able to pay the large expenses
for the trips which must be made in order to reach them. As it
is, the burden falls on each alike, and is felt by none.
STAKE AND WARD EXPENSE FUND.
It costs something to meet the stake expenses as well as to
carry on the ward work in the various branches of the Society.
The manner in which these funds shall be collected, and the
amount of such funds are left with each stake and ward to de-
termine, according to conditions and needs.
SPECIAL FUNDS.
Wheat Fund.
This branch of Relief Society work is peculiar to this Society,
It was begun, under the instructions of President Brigham
Young, in 1876. He gave this mission to President Emmeline B.
Wells, and since that date, many thousands of bushels of wheat
have been collected and stored by this Society. At the present time,
Dec, 1914, the Society has on hand 157.000 bushels of wheat; 43,-
000 bushels of this is deposited in Church elevators, 70,000 bushels
are stored in Relief Society granaries, 23,000 in local granaries,
and 21,000 bushels in sundry repositories. There are $33,756 in-
vested in local granary buildings which make $190,869 belonging
properly to this wheat fund. This wheat should not be loaned
by the Society to individuals or institutions. It is gathered for
a specific purpose, and the counsel of the Presidency of the Church
is to leave it undisturbed where it is deposited. Local authorities
are not justified in disposing of this wheat, nor can wards or
stakes use the wheat for any other purpose than that for which it
was gathered.
Wheat is gathered by gleaning, and by donation, as well as
by purchase from the funds donated for that purpose. The need
was never greater for this form of organized charity than today.
The wheat or the funds mav be gathered bv the local teacher---
130 , RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
or by a local committee which may be formed for that purpose.
As to the storing- of the grain, we quote from the recent circular
of the Presiding Bishopric :
"For years past, the matter of storing wheat has been a dif-
ficult problem with the Relief Society. In some cases local
granaries have been built at considerable cost, with additional
expense for their maintenance. There have been reported many
sad experiences involving loss of grain from various causes. And
while the policy and practice of storing wheat is not changed,
but on the contrary is to be encouraged, we desire to change the
method of storing wheat and thus prevent the expensive outlay
incident to the erection of granaries and their maintenance, a cost
which is often out of all proportion to the value of the wheat
stored in these structures.
"Where there are no local facilities for storing wheat with
safety, arrangements may be made with the Presiding Bishopric
to take money in lieu of wheat. The money so received will be
invested in wheat, and the wheat will be stored in central elevators,
in places where wheat is abundant and where railway facilities
make it accessible. In arranging for storage and in selling wheat
the stake Relief Society officers should consult with the presidency
of the stake."
Buildimg Fund.
Many of our wards have built commodious and useful halls
for the use of the Relief Society. They have also invested some-
what in real estate', buildings, stocks, and bonds, beside the money
spent for the building of local granaries. The Society has
$107,574 invested in Relief Society halls ; they have $33,756 in-
vested in Relief Society granaries ; they have $7,875 invested in
other real estate and buildings. This makes a sum total of
$149,205 owned in real estate and buildings by the ward and stake
organizations of this Society. In later years, the ward authorities
have provided comfortable quarters for the Relief Society in the
newly erected meeting houses in all parts of the Church. Usually
the women have contributed to this purpose. When, therefore, the
sisters have an opportunity of having commodious rooms or halls in
the ward buildings, it would be unnecessary and unwise, perhaps,
to erect their own buildings ; but such wards as do possess a
hall, built by the Relief Society, are to be congratulated. Funds
may or may not be collected, therefore, for quarters for the
Society, and the officials of each ward may or may not invest
means in buildings or real estate. These matters are left largely
to local and stake officers.
The Society donated $8,500 to the Bishop's Building, Salt
Lake City, and thus secured permanent headquarters in that
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS.
131
RELIEF SOCIETY HALL, PAROVVAN.
commodious structure. Maintenance of tliese quarters costs a
goodly annual sum but the offices are spacious and elegant. Gen-
eral officers' meetings are held here at conference time, and our
members are always welcome at our rooms.
REAL ESTATE AND BUILDINGS
All real estate or buildings belonging to Relief Societies, or
which may hereafter be acquired by them, should be held by the
Bishop of the ward in trust for them, as all ward properties
are held by him. Uresidents should consult the bishopric in
regard to any questions which may arise in this matter. We
quote the following from the "Circular of Instructions No. 12,"
issued in 1913, by the Presiding Bishop:
"68. There is a law in operation in the States of Utah,
Idaho and Arizona which permits a bishop to become a corpora-
tion sole and vests the corporate powers in him and his successor?
in office. When a bishop ceases to hold his office his succes.co''
by operation of the law succeeds to all the rights of his prede-
cessor by filing, with the county recorder of the county in which
the ward is located, a certified copy of his appointment. Such
132 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
corporation should hold the title to all ward property, including
tithing and Relief Societ}' and other local property."
Genealogical Funds.
This department of Relief Society activity is somewhat new
to our workers. Since the lessons in genealogy have been
provided for study in our lesson guide, many wards have felt the
necessity of a special fund to carry on some details of the work.
In some wards, there is a committee on burial or temple
clothing, and where wards are distant from temple districts, this is
perhaps an excellent plan. These two committees may, or may
not be combined in one department.
The genealogical and temple work fund may be used to pay
the expenses of some poor individuals or couples to spend time
in a temple, doing their own work, or work on charity lines.
Some wards have a committee to act as an exchange bureau
for genealogical information and labor. This committee secures
names from people who are unable to go to the temple them-
selves, or hire anyone else to do so, and these names are furnished
to others who want to go to the temple, but who have no lists
to work upon. A committee might engage in the collection of
funds, which can be sent to the temple in the district, with lists of
names accompanying the money. Any further instructions on this
subject should be applied for from the temple authorities, or from
the Genealogical Committee of the General Board. Funds col-
lected for this purpose naturally should not be used for any other.
The committee can arrange temple excursions, which may
become annual or semi-annual, or even monthly affairs. The
genealogical class teachers should learn how to prepare the temple
sheets and names, so that when the party reaches the temple, the
recorder's work is made comparatively light.
Genealogical conventions may be held from time to time,
and teachers may be secured from the Genealogical Society to any
stake, if the request is made to the secretary of the Genealogical
Society, Historian's Office, Salt Lake City. The committee on
genealogy should work in harmony with the stake and local agents
of the Genealogical Society.
Missionary Fund.
In some wards, a missionary fund has been established.
This may be used to assist young men or women missionaries
who are laboring out in the field to preach the gospel, or it may
be used for the assistance of needy families, whose head and
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS. 133
bread winner, is out preaching the gospel. Like the other special
funds, this fund is entirely optional.
Library Fund.
In some wards, a very good library is owned by the Society
with book-cases in which to preserve the books. This example
cannot be too highly recommended to each ward president. The
Prophet Joseph Smith urged this people to read good books, and
to acquaint themselves with every branch of learning and art
possible for mortals to obtain.
The recommendation of the General Board is always in
favor of a good library, which is used either by circulation
amongst the members, or in any other form consistent with our
usual work. Funds or books may be collected by the officers,
and book-cases should be provided.
Relief Society halls, not otherwise needed, might make excel-
lent quarters for a semi-public circulating Relief Society library.
Note. — The foregoing is an indication of the funds raised
and used by the Society. There have been, are, and no doubt will
be, other means collected for purposes not herein named. The
growing and changing needs of a great Society like this necessi-
tates an elastic plan of operation which will adapt itself to any
and all legitimate requirements.
RELIEF SOCIETY COMMITTEES.
The activities of the Society may be indicated by a glance at
the standing committees of the General Board. They show the
extended nature of the work undertaken by the women who labor
in this Society :
Outline Committee.
Magazine Advisory Committee.
Correlation Committee.
Wheat Committee.
Genealogical Committee.
Public Health Committee.
Temple Clothing Committee.
Nurse School Committee.
Peace Committee.
Relief Society Home Committee.
Insurance Committee.
Special Missionary Committee.
Finance Committee.
Music Committee.
Stake Conference Committee.
134 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
NURSE CLASS WORK.
The object of the Rehef Socict}' School of Nurses is to
provide relief for the destitute. Also to provide those in
moderate circumstances with the services of a practical nurse
in their homes. Women and girls who desire a professional
training in nursing as a source of livelihood may here receive
such training, and thus liccome not only self-supporting but a
blessing to the community.
Presidents of stakes and wards should choose women whose
ideals are of the highest type for this work, and, if possible,
the candidates should have at least an eighth grade education. If
the applicant has had a good course along domestic lines, this will
increase her efficiency, and enhance her value.
The Relief Society, during its whole existence, has engaged
in charitable nursing though for years there was no special
training for the work. In our rural communities today, all of
the nursing done for the destitute and needy is by the Relief
Society teachers and members, as well as by our Relief Society
nurses. A dozen years ago, a regular course in the study of
nursing as a science was instituted by the General Board, classes
being held in this city, the applicants coming from all over
the Church. These students are recommended by the Relief So-
ciety ward president, and the ward society pays for their tuition.
The nurse-students find homes in the city, where they can do
domestic labor for their board, as a rule, while taking the
course. The applicant agrees to spend one month in doing free
charitable work on her return home during her first year for the
privileges she has secured in this inexpensive training in the vital
art of nursing the sick. Accounts are kept of this work, and the
Relief Society nurses of Salt Lake City are listed by our General
Superintendent of Relief Society nurses, Mrs. Emma A. Empey.
They are in great demand most of the time.
Since the erection of the Groves L. D. S. Hospital our
sisters may enter that institution, and secure diplomas after a
three year's course, which qualifies them for the most technical and
difficult cases, and constitutes them professional nurses. Hun-
dreds of women have taken this Relief Society course and the
l)rofessional Hospital course, and have done a wonderful work
throughout the Church.
During the period of eight years 233 women and girls have
l)een graduated from the Relief Society course, the graduation oc-
curring biennially.
Three thousand five hundred and forty days- oi charity work
have been spent by our nurses in Salt Lake City, during the eight
years, 109 nurses havii^g participated in this benevolent cause ; 124
nurses not residents of Salt Lake Citv have done charitv work in
I
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS. 135
their own respective towns and villages throughout Utah and the
neighboring states during the eight years.
TEMPLE CLOTHING COMMITTEE.
Where advisable, temple clothing committees may be organ-
ized in wards and stakes. These will provide such apparel as is
necessary for loan or hire, for those who go to the temple. Burial
clothes may also be prepared by these committees. People who en-
gage the services of these committees or of the Society itself, to
prepare burial clothing, should certainly be willing to pay as much
for such material and the labor of making it up, as they would
pay to the ordinary undertaker. If the one for whom this cloth-
ing is prepared, has been a charge upon the Society, and the
friends and relatives are net able to pay for the clothing, a dona-
tion is always in order. But those who are able to pay for the
material or labor, should not impose upon the sisters of the Relief
Society, either for funds, clothing, or time. The General Board
of the Relief Society have an efficient committee who have two
departments of this labor, one -for burial clothes, and one for the
accommodation of people who wish to work in the temple. Their
office is at headquarters, in the Bishop's Building; the chairman
of that committee is Mrs. Julina L. Smith, Beehive House, No. 67
East South Temple Street, Salt Lake City. Ward officers and
members should apply to Stake Presidents for assistance, for pat-
terns and for information. If Stake Presidents desire any in-
formation or assistance in these matters they may apply to the
General Secretary.
RELIEF SOCIETY HOME.
Through the generosity of the presiding authorities of the
Church, a Home has been provided for the Relief Society, where
our sisters who come to the city and wish to obtain clean, respecta-
ble and modest apartments can do so at a very nominal fee.
This Home is situated opposite the north gate of the Temple
block, and rooms may be secured on personal application, or
through letter.
LUCY MACK HOME.
The Ensign Stake Relief Society have established a home for
wage-earning girls, which they call the Lucy Mack Home. This
happv project is under the direct inspiration and supervision of
]\Iiss ]\Iaud May Balicock who. associated with Mrs. W. W. Riter,
originated the thought and brought it to successful issue. Girls
are welcome here, and find cheap and comfortable lodgings when
136 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
they are not in service, or if working- in stores. It is sitnated on
409 First avenue.
EMPLOYMENT BUREAU.
There is an Employment Bureau in operation in the Presiding
Bishop's Office, which provides places for women and girls who
desire to work out, while those who need hired help, may apply to
the Bishop's Office and secure whatever help may be available.
This Employment Bureau works indirectly in connection with
the Relief Society office, but is under the direct charge of Elder
Frank W. Penrose. Mothers who send their girls to this city for
employment should instruct them to apply to this Bureau, or to
the Lucy Mack Home for Girls.
CAFETERIA.
Under the direction of the five city stakes of the Relief So-
ciety and Y. L. M. I. A., of Salt Lake City, a cafeteria has been
opened in the basement of the old Social Hall on State street.
Meals are served here at noon, of excellent quality and at a very
moderate price. On Saturday evenings, supper may also be ob-
tained. This is a retiring and pleasing place for our sisters to
come to whenever they are in the city and desire a noon-day meal.
INSURANCE.
The General Board of the Relief Society, after a thorough in-
vestigation, has introduced Insurance as one of the regular feat-
ures of its work.
Before taking any step toward establishing this department,
the matter was presented to the First Presidency. The two let-
ters appended are self-explanatory :
Salt Lake City, Utah, Jan. 21, 1914.
President Joseph F. Smith and Counselors :
Dear Brethren : We would like to know your mind in
regard to introducing some benefit insurance into the Relief So-
ciety.
A number of social and other insurance companies for women
are doing quite a profitable business in this community. These
fraternal orders — for men and women — took out of the state last
year $177,213.79.
Some of our sisters join those lodges, while others take
out the small benefit insurance from regular companies, some of
CIRCULAR OF IKSTRUCTIONS. 137
which companies are located in foreign lands. The idea of hav-
ing a little fund put by with which to meet burial expenses is very
attractive to our women.
Our sisters have contributed liberally to every form of charity
and public activity, such as the building of temples and meeting
houses, schools and amusement halls'; while doing very much
towards furnishing these places. Few have acquired the saving
habit, and fewer still are inculcating saving habits in the minds
of the young children of today. Too many of our sisters, when
they die, are left to the indifferent mercy of relatives, or to the
ward authorities. They would be glad to be placed where they
could have this last liberal service performed for themselves with-
out being a burden on those left behind. They could, and many
would be willing, to pay a small sum monthly which would insure
them their modest burial expenses.
Some of our young sisters would gladly pay a small monthly
sum for school or for a marriage portion that would mature in
five, ten, or twenty years. While most children could be taught to
put by small sums monthly towards paying for their schooling or
missions when old enough for that need. The habit of saving
would be of more value to them in developing character than the
monetary benefits.
We have applied to the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
which has our President Joseph F. Smith at its head, and which
is also officered by our own brethren, to give us rates and details
of such a plan as we have suggested. We enclose a copy of
the rate list made out for us. We would expect to work entirely
through the powerful, reliable and courteous company named.
Agents would be appointed in each ward and stake, but the busi-
ness details would be handled by the Beneficial Life Insurance
Company. What premiums accrued to our Board over and above
the running expenses would be turned to Relief Society work.
We lay this matter before you, and trust to hear from you
as soon as convenient. We are
Your sisters in the Gospel,
Emmeline B. Wells, President,
Clarissa S. Williams, First Counselor,
Julina L. Smith, Second Counselor.
Salt Lake City, Utah, Jan. 27, 1914.
Prests. Emmeline B. Wells,
Clarissa S. Williams,
Julina L. Smith,
Relief Society.
Dear Sisters : We approve the suggestion outlined in yours
of the 21st inst., to introduce and maintain a svstem of benefit
138 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
insurance in connection with Relief Society, believing that this
departure from relief work would be a means of supplying an
income for the Society itself, as well as by the means of inducing
and encouraging our sisters to form the habit of saving means
which otherwise would doubtless be disposed of unwisely. It is
understood by us that the officials of the company with whom
you have been talking in regard to this matter are to render you
all the necessary clerical assistance, especially at the outset
also that the company is to furnish the Society with necessary
books, etc., and otherwise co-operate with you with a view to
making this movement the success we all wish it to become.
Your brethren,
Joseph F. Smith,
Anthon H. Lund,
Charles W. Penrose,
First Presidency.
There are two forms of insurance — the burial insurance and
the endowment insurance. The first purpose is to provide funds
for burial expenses, and the second for saving purposes for both
old and young. Young people may take the latter kind of in-
surance to secure help for an education, or for funds for mis-
sionary purposes. It may be provided by parents or by guar-
dians for children.
The Relief Society is offering insurance only to its registered
members under the age of 70, and their children. Insurance is
offered on three different plans. The first plan is called the
Whole Life. For a small payment made each year, as long as
the member lives, she is insured for $100 to $300 according to
the rate she pays. At any time death occurs, the Society will
pay the amount of insurance to the beneficiary designated by the
insured. Another plan is the Limited Payment Life where the
insured pays a slightly larger amount for a specified number of
years, say ten, fifteen or twenty, and after having paid premiums
as ■ provided has a certificate paid up which continues the in-
surance in force for the entire life of the insured, without further
pajmients. Either of these two plans we call our Burial Benefit.
The third plan is termed Endowment Insurance, and means that
the insured, if she lives to the end of a specified period, either
ten, fifteen or twenty years, and makes the payments for these
years, will receive the amount of the insurance in cash. Or,
should the member die before the expiration of that period, the
amount of insurance will, of course, be paid in cash immediately
to the beneficiary. Detailed information will be furnished on ap-
plication to the General Secretary.
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS. 139
PUBLIC HEALTH.
The Health Committee — comprising several members of the
Relief Society General Board — have done much in the way of dis-
seminating knowledge for the promotion and maintenance of
health conditions.
The Utah State Aledical Board, and the Salt Lake City Board
of Health, have given valuable .assistance to the committee, and
have been most generous in contributing printed matter on various
health subjects. Thousands of pamphlets have been distributed
by these boards, and about a thousand by a physician in private
practice ; these have been sent out by the Health Committee to the
Relief Society organizations.
The active interest taken in the "fly" campaign resulted in
the destruction of literally bushels of flies and made a very notice-
able abatement of the fly nuisance throughout the State.
In 1913, a trained nurse was employed by the General Board
of the Relief Society to give her time at the milk station estab-
lished by the Salt Lake City Board of Health. This nurse did
very effective work, looking after the babies of families who were
without means, seeing that they were properly fed with pure milk,
and giving advice as to the care of the children. In 1914, the
stakes of Salt Lake City raised means to employ nurses for the
same work at two different milk stations.
Addresses have been given by members of the committee
on prevention of disease, and on sanitation before the Relief So-
ciety general conference. Besides that, through the efforts of this
committee, physicians who were specialists in their line of work
have given addresses on the following subjects: "Care of Eye,
Ear, Nose, and Throat," "Posture, and Its Effect on Physical
Well-being," "Care of Neiwous Children." Also the health arti-
cles which have appeared in the Relief Society Bulletin have
been prepared by this committee.
The entire July and August numbers of the Bulletin, 1914,
were prepared by the Health Committee, in connection with the
free hygienic literature which was distributed at that time. What-
ever subject of this nature comes up before the Board is referred-
to this committee for consideration and action.
SPECIAL missionary COMMITTEE.
The Special Missionary Committee which has been operative
in our larger cities, has extensive and definite plans of operation
and organization. They are engaged in a work of prevention
rather than reform. Unprotected girls and wage earners are their
especial care.
140 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
MAGAZINE.
As in all other matters, the women of this Society have kept
in the van of progress. Under the direction of President Brigham
Young, assisted by Eliza R. Snow, the Woman's Exponent was
started, in 1872, as the organ of the Relief Society of the Church.
So far as known, it is the second paper for women ever started in
the world. For some years, it was controlled by a committee of
the General Board of the Relief Society. Miss Lula Greene
(Richards) was its first editor. She was a niece of President
Brigham Young and a local writer of some note, although but a
young girl at that time.
The suggestion of such a periodical was made by that brilliant
pioneer journalist, Edward L. Sloan, who was editor of the Herald
at the time, to Miss Lula Greene, and together, they edited and
managed the little paper. It was first published in the Herald
office, and at the death of Brother Sloan, two years later, it was
taken over to the Dcscret Neivs. For many years the type was
set by young girls, and all the work done by women. Miss Lula
Greene married, shortly after, and the course and exigencies of her
family interfered greatly with this enterprise, so that President
Emmeline B. Wells was invited to the position of assistant editor,
in 1875, which position she occupied until 1877, when Mrs.
Richards resigned, and President Wells became editor-in-chief.
This place she filled with faith and diligence for thirty-eight years.
For some time Miss Cornelia Home acted as business manager.
In later years, Mrs. Annie Wells Cannon acted as assistant
editor of the Exponent, and was an able journalist and a clear,
careful and frequent writer for its pages.
The Exponent ceased publication in March, 1914. It was a
beacon light to the women of this Church, and an ensample of
independent womanhood to all the world. Its pages were filled
with the spirit and genius of the Relief Society work, and the
constant advancement and progress of the women of this Church
and of the women throughout the world. President Emmeline
B. Wells made herself famous in two continents, through its pages,
while she won and kept the esteem and admiration of those with
whom she mingled at home.
January 1, 1914, the General Board of the Relief Society
issued the first number of the Bulletin, which contained the
guide lessons newly provided by the General Board, for the use of
the Relief Society throughout the Church. The committee, ap-
pointed for this work from the Board, undertook to provide 12,500
copies monthly of the Bulletin free of cost to the General Board
and to the stake and local authorities of the Society. This obliga-
tion has been faithfully carried out. The Advisory Committee
were: Clarissa S. Williams, lulina L. Smith. Rebecca N. Nibley ;
CIRCULAR OF INSTRUCTIONS. 141
editor, Susa Young Gates ; business manager, Janette A. Hyde ;
assistant business manager, Amy Brown Lyman.
January 1, 1915, the new Relief Society Magazine began
its existence. It is owned, edited, and published by the General
Board of the Society, and it is the organ and voice of this Society.
The price is $1.00 per year. The Magazine covers the usual
literary and departmental features, common to such publications.
It also contains the guide lessons, and aims to be the printed ex-
pression of the various functions and activites of this Society.
The same committee, editor, and business managers, as were ap-
pointed to carry on the Bulletin, were chosen to conduct the
affairs of the Magazine.
ANNUAL DAY.
On the 17th of March, 1842, this Society was organized by
the Prophet Joseph Smith, in Nauvoo, III, and this day has been
set apart as an annual festival for all stakes, wards, and for the
General Board itself. It is quite consistent for cities composed
of several wards to meet as a whole in one large gathering place
on that day, and combine their efforts in a general program of
exercises. Or the day may be remembered by the individual
wards, according to their desire and circumstances.
It is the custom on that day to read a summary of the first
minutes of the organization, and to dwell very particularly on the
object and aims of the Society, with other historical phases of its
development. It may be a happy custom for the wards so engaged
to prepare historical sketches of their own organizations, and
preserve the names of the pioneer women who led out in this
work in the local wards and associations. Whatever may be done,
the women of this Church should remember the debt they owe to
the Prophet of God who opened the door and turned the key for
this great and marvelous Relief Society of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Our subscribers will be surprised and no doubt pleased to
find this March number just doubled in size. This is due to the
fact that the new Circular is in the Magazine, in response to a
general demand for information contained therein. Later, we
will issue the Circular separately and sell it for 10 cents. The
General Board decided to pay the extra cost of printing it in the
Magazine, now, thinking to recoup the fund with future sales
of the pamphlet circular. We want our sisters who have so
loyally subscribed for our Magazine to get the first and the best
of everything.
A Prince of Ur.
CHAPTER II.
/;; the Court of the Women.
The tinkle, tinkle, tinkle, of harps, zithers, kinhars, kerens and
cymbals rose and fell on the perfumed air of the covered courtyard
with mystic regularity. The melody was vague, involved and of
a certain monotony, but it was full-throated with illusive sug-
gestion. Suddenly it ceased. And after a poignant pause, the
strings again took up a plaint of wordless music. But this time,
the motif was the simple and thrilling expression of religion's
devotion and purity. No voluptuous throb of love-hunger or
pulsing chord of velvet-voiced allurement troubled the simple
melody. This second hyimi was the sweetness of pure adoration,
that other had been the tempestuous call of the individual to his
primitive impulses, whether of love or of woe. Both of the
melodic strains bit into the memory with keen insistence. The
musicians were artists in their pictorial modes of musical expres-
sion.
Silence, sudden and swift again cut off the music as if
some hand had been threading complicated pearls of sound and
each had suddenly broken into separate strands.
The covered courtyard in the palace of Ur was empty during
this heated afternoon season. But the hidden gallery where the
musicians wove their harmonious embroideries of -sound sheltered
the brown-faced Babylonian harp and flute players, and their
leader, who was a curled Babylonian, smiled and bent his body
with lithe rhythm.
The great flowered court of the women in the palace of the
Satrap of Ur w^as cooled and refreshed with the: softly dripping
and splashing fountains which played into the alabaster basins
beneath. In the dim cloisters of the shaded rooms on the east
side of the great courtyard dozens of slaves moved in and out
with subdued but persistent activity. They were just now re-
plenishing the lovely vases of gold and jeweled alabaster which
graced the half columns of the beautiful rooms or rested low
upon the carved pedestals, and every appointment and detail of
the luxurious interior was polished and shining with the exquisite
care of refined cleanliness. Not a line of fault lay exposed under
the softened rays of the western sun, not one lingering atom of
blemish marred the glowing purity of this stately harem salon.
The exquisitely embroidered curtains, rugs, and cushions which
hung or lay scattered about breathed a fragrant delicacy and
A PRINCE OF UR. 143
neatness that was perhaps as apparent to the observant eye as
were the shining walls of alabaster and the oriental furnishing of
the long hall.
"Your Highness," murmured a messenger who lifted the
outer curtain to enter into the august presence of the lovely Lady
who sat upon her golden couch busily embroidering at a frame of
royal tapestry; "the musicians take their orders from the princess
Ischa, and she demands a repetition of the hymn to Ishtar with all
the accompanying odes and interludes for this afternoon's enter-
tainment."
"So?" said the Princess Sarai. "Then must the princess Ischa
have speech with me. Take my mother's signet ring. Ask the
Lady Ischa to render me the courtesy of her presence in my
boudoir. We shall have speech together. Nay — wait — I will my-
self attend upon the Lady Ischa and my Lady Milcah shall ac-
company me. Prepare my train !"
The fluttering cortege which rose and grouped themselves
about the tall and commanding figure of the Princess Sarai and
her younger sister, Milcah, were themselves maidens of rank and
beauty in the City of LV, but their brilliant oriental embroideries
and rich jewels did not excel in color or charm the sparkling eyes
and the olive-cheeked beauty of these junior princesses of the
royal city of Ur. The daughters of the nobles were honored by
service to the princess Sarai.
Crossing the courts where flowers of heavy odors absorbed
the perfumes of the splashing fountains, across the delicately tiled
and richly ornamented walks and cloisters of the great enclosure,
the Princess and her train passed on, the merry jestings and
lively repartees of the damsels passing unchecked by the stately
Princess who chose not to interfere with the gay abandon and
carefully veiled delight of her handmaidens in what might turn
out to be a very pretty encounter between two high born ladies of
differing minds. But they kept their chatter discreetly under
breath, although the gurgling laugh of very young girlhood would
ripple out and silence for the moment by its innocent ringing
charge the cruder music of the zithers overhead in the hidden
gallery. The musicians had once more returned to the hymn of
praise to the glories of Ishtar and her passionate search for
Isdubar in the realms of Purgatory.
The salon on the west side of the long courtyard in the Wo-
men's quarters of the palace was dimly lighted, the sunlight itself
being almost a stranger to the whole place ; lamps of golden lights
stood everywhere though just now but a fev/ were lighted, for it
was still too early for the blaze of evening glory which made of
this georgeous interior a symphony of light and color. Color
ran riot everyhewere in this second salon within the palace.
Flame of red and blaze of purple were emblazoned in the tricot
144 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
tiled walls and the richly embroidered couches of gold and ivory.
Gerat bowls of rare roses and vases of purple passion flowers
filled the air with heavy incense. Yet everywhere there was con-
fusion and disorder. A very riot of luxurious appointments, but
so crowded, so dust-covered that it was painful for a sensitive
person to linger within. On a dais in the center of the inner hall
on a carved throne of ivory with legs of" gold and handles set
with the lion heads of the Assyrian kings sat a very tall and
finely moulded maiden, just now allowing her maidens to twine
into her long pale gold tresses great purple passion flowers. She
looked up quickly as the cortege of her kinswoman filled the outer
hall and she rose eagerly to give her greetings to her elder and
lovelier relation.
"Enter, my lady Sarai. We are honored indeed with the
visit of a princess, be she never so close of kin. Maidens, bring
my cushions, — nay my princess, thou must sit on my throne when
thou doest me the honor of thy presence."
Sarai, conscious that her quick impulse had given the other
woman the advantage in this possible crossing of wills, never-
theless was wise enough to make the most of her own superior
age and position, and she knew that her quick action had its
rise in a generous impulse, so that she would not be disconcerted
by the half playful homage and the exaggerated courtesy done
her by her younger kinswoman. She answered salute by salute,
courtesy by courtesy, and gave gentle and deliberate answer to each
long and tiresome ceremonial question. The Assyrian court
etiquette was at times most distasteful to the frank and candid
spirit of the Princess Sarai, reared as she had been in the simple
atmosphere of a patriarchal, home. But she had sufficient self-
control to hide from the sharp eyes of her hostess the boredom
these intermindable questions after her own health, that of her
maidens, her elder relatives, her birds, her plants, and even her
recent exploits in needlework caused her — for she knew that
all must be minutely set forth by question and answer before the
matter in hand could at all be brought forward. Such ceremonies
were a necessity in the Babylonian and Chaldean country, per-
haps, where the whole habit of mind and the convultions of the
brain were involved, mystic, and full of suggestive thoughts and
blind metaphors, rather than with the direct speech of the pastoral
Shemmites, whose ways and customs had already become an-
tiquated through the fashions of their more highly cultured Baby-
lonian neighbors. For herself, Sarai preferred the direct and
simple tongue of their father, Eber, and she quickly resorted to it
the moment the long ceremonies of her greetings had passed
over.
"My kinswoman, I came this day, to suggest that we shall
not set the harps and flutes of our musicians to the hymns of
A PRINCE OF UR. 145
the Assyrian goodess, Ishtar. Though the melody be lovely
enough, the influence of music is too potent and the suggestions
given to the minds of the young maidens through even the
mention of that corrupt goddess' name is too baneful to permit
of encouragement in this palace. Say you not so, my kinswoman ?"
The brilliant eyes of the other princess, Ischa, narrowed
till they showed only a baleful glitter across the pale expanse of
her low broad brow and her colorless cheek. While the flutter
of her thin and glowing red lips proved that this challenge, de-
livered simply and without effort at concealment, had struck her
like a whip stroke, Ishcha tapped her long sandaled feet for
several moments on the tasselated floor as she sat or rather half
reclined on her cushions on the steps of her own throne, at the
feet of her visitor. But she did not raise the sword-sharp glance,
nor open the scarlet lips for some moments. The air was vibrant
with the storm that was brewing. Still Lscha said nothing.
"My princess," said Sarai at last, "let us send from our
presence the maidens, both yours and mine, and by open speech
shall we not come to a quick and harmonious accord on this and
other topics that have of late rent our ;friendship in twain?"
With a slow sinuous motion, the lady Ischa swept her arm
out towards her own maidens, and all but one of Ischa's train
crept quietly and obediently across the darkening court till all
but that one had disappeared behind the columns of the outer
hall. That one was a tall, black female slave, her ebony head held
as high as that of the princess Ischa herself, her half nude body
clothed only in the scarlet and purple royal half robe of the Ac-
cadians, which glistened in the dim light of the palace halls. She
bowed silently before her mistress, and with quiet speech in a
deep and richly musical contralto voice, she said :
"The light of the evening star goes not out except the sky be
overcast entirely with the clouds of distrust and confusion. Let
not my star risk her echpse with clouds which may rise from the
very sun itself. I kiss thy feet."
The peculiar caress of the black woman on the sandalled foot
of the lady Ischa was both a warning and a command, and the
lady Ischa silently motioned to her slave tO' wait at some distance.
The black princess, for such she was, arose proudly, and disdaining
to sit or crouch, she removed herself at some distance and stood
motionless as a statue leaning gracefully against a tall alabaster
pillar which held at its apex a small statue of the goddess Ishtar.
All of the attendants and servants of the lady Sarai had
long since silently obeyed the sign of their mistresses' open palm
leaving only Milcah ; they had gone into the flowered courtyard
there to sport in idle gossip and gay badinage with each other until
the clapping of hands of their mistresses should recall them to
their light duties.
146 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"My lady Ischa," said Sarai, always willing- to give the
difficult first charge in any honorable encounter, "I have long
wanted to have speech with you, for my heart is sore and my
faith is tried with the things I am forced to see and hear in this
our honored fore-father's home. We were children of two
princesses, thou of Accadian blood, I of pure Semmite strain.
My mother died when I was born, yours but three years later.
Our fathers have lived and fought and sowed and planted in this
our ancestral horhe for three generations. The great Satrap of
this palace, the mighty Terah, is sire though twice or thrice re-
moved, of all this household, save the servants, and our royal
attendants. We have grown up at his kindly knees, and though
his duty calls him to the wars of his earthly master, the mighty
hunter of men, Nimrod, still he hath provided all his sons and
daughters to the fourth generation with ample wealth, with all
the ancient and modern forms of learning, so that we have found
ourselves surrounded with a fortress of care and culture. We
are the very rulers of this city of Ur, by reason of his high
position, and because of his own long absences, and of the long
absence of his formal representatives, Abram and Lot — "
"Abram — yes, my princess," interrupted Ischa with a sudden
show of vivid interest, "what of our kinsman Abram? Speak
more of him."
"Peace, my lady, interrupt me not till my story has proceeded
to its point. With all the advantages that our forefather Terah
hath given us, is it not seemly that we should retain the simple
dignity and purity which has formed the bulwark of our tradi-
tions nay more of our religion itself?"
The visitor paused for a reply, and with an effort, the lady
Ischa reared herself lazily, and replied slowly,
"My princess speaks of our duty to our father Terah, and
in the same breath she rails out at the state religion of Assyria and
Babylonia which hath been partially united by our most gracious
and holy master and king — Nimrod — blessed be the name of
Gilgammes, of Merodach. and of Nimrod, which is one indivisable,
elementral, supernal and mystic. Three in one, fair as the stars
and terrible as the sun."
Sarai looked in utter dismay at the speaker who recited all
these heathen titles and qualities of the brutal ruler Nimrod as if
Ischa were herself a very part of that corrupt court which now
was determined to deify the rash apostate Nimrod because of his
superhuman valor and cunning. She was both amazed and fright-
ened.
"Ischa, what are you saying? Do you mean to insiuate to me,
your elder, and your queen by right of birth in this palace, that you
have turned apostate to the religion of Noah, of Shem, of father
Terah?"
A PRINCE OF UR. U7
"Apostate — say you so?" cried out Ischa bitterly, m answer;
"Who gave the priesthood and the sacred robe thereof to Ham,
and he to Cush and he to Nimrod, if not our good father Noah
himself? Out upon your scruples, my queen. Out upon your
antiquated notions about religion. Shall I live in Babylon and not
be one of her own children? Thou knowest full well that all this
region hath long since been conquered by the mighty Nimrod,
and that Terah himself is but a Satrap of the king. Speakest
thou of Terah? Who hath commanded the images to be set up
in these very palace courts? Who hath established a workship
in this very palace, and hath set the cunning of Azzi-jaama to
fashion from bronze and stone and gold and iron the very images
which makes my lady's eyes flash to behold, and her lips to boil
as she speaks their names? Who but Terah?"
"Thou sayest things that I cannot, will not believe. Terah
hath permitted — permitted, I say — the images to be set up — he
hath permitted, I say again permitted — Azzi-jaama to grave and
tool the horrid gods from stone and gold to sell them to these
crazy idol-worshipers. I will not hear you traduce our father
Terah — it is wicked — "
With a sudden sharp intake of breath, the lady Sarai ceased
her speech. Over her now opened mind flooded a thousand con-
firmatorv trifles to prove the truth of the assertions made so coldly
and so brazenly by her kinswoman. Could it possibly be true?
O, could it ? Nay, it was ! And with a sudden motion, she laid
her head between her upthrown hands and arms and sat astonied.
Out in the courtyard the silly chatter of the servants rose
and fell with intermittent phrasing. There was babble of laughter,
and the tinkle of water in the alabaster basins. While over all
there poured an occasional chorus of song birds, those heaven-sent
musicians, who sang as they listed nor sought nor found a quarrel
with their melody.
The Lady Ischa waited a long time. She had plunged her
knife deep, she knew that, and she knew too, that from this very
moment she had unmasked her own concealed batteries.
Finally, —
"My Lady Sarai," she purred, "thou hast come to read me a
moral lesson. Let me tell thee some things that have been hid
from thy glowing midnight eyes, sharp as they are, and much as
thou thinkest they can see. You have spoken of our father Terah ;
he is a brave old soldier and for him I have the highest reverence.
But when thou sayest that all religion but that taught by our
simple-minded patriarchs Noah and Shem or Melchizedek is
false and vile, thou sayest that which is narrow and full of bigotry.
What matter what the road traveled, if it leadeth men to worship
a god or a panthenon of them? They all satisfy the human
craving for worship, and men are as different as are the stars in
148 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
heaven. There are gods many and lords many. Leave the
Assyrian to worship his own, even if he thinks them encased in
bodies of wood and stone, and stretch out the boundaries of thy
own constricted and prejudiced soul to know that the God of
heaven will understand His children better than thou."
Sarai listened to this specious argument impatiently. But
she had not come for argument but for an understanding. And
it was thrust upon her with such violence and such convincing
logic that she was in despair. She made no reply. But sat quite
aghast upon her seat of gold and alabaster, while her arms covered
her quivering features.
"Be more like a woman and less like a frozen statue, Sarai.
Thou art so self-righteous that thou hast no manner of charity for
others who may be quite as good and as wise as thou." Still
the Lady Sarai sat with covered face while the other poured
vinegar into her wounds.
"My lady, thou hast ever been the vast superior of all that
dwelt within these walls. Thou hast preened thyself upon thy
known superior beauty" — the Lady Sarai quivered as if she had
been struck by her assailant's hand — "and thou hast ground my
own poor face beneath thy heel for lo! these many years. We
are not sisters of the blood, nor happily of the spirit, for I would
loath a god who could, give place to such proud inner boastings
as thou must oft indulge in. I am what I am. Disappointed
that I must rank below thine own exalted self, made doubly
unhappy because thou hast taken up thy privilege of exchange
and barter in this free Assyrian city to make thyself rich in thine
own right — for what could I do, with less talent and no wealth
in hand to begin such enterprise to cope with all your many ad-
vantages ? O, I know that thou art writhing in thy seat, my fair
princess, but thou hast brought this on thyself with thus coming
to give to me thy wondrous pity and advice. So drink it in, no
matter if it burn like molten wax— for unlike wax, 'twill sear
its way across thy heart and make thee forever doubtful of thy-
self, and of thine own supernal wisdom. And that will please me
well."
The princess Sarai rose, with a calm seemly dignity, and
gathering her drapery about her, she began to glide out of the
hall, without further speech. She was through. The serpent might
sting, again and again but her own wounds were sufficient for
her. Midway she was arrested. —
"Knowest thou, my lady Sarai, that our kinsman Abram
hath just returned from Salem? Ah, that hath caught thy wander-
ing attention. He is here beneath this rooftree. He hath cut
short his long thirty-year pilgrimage, and he enters this day
upon his duties as Prince of Ur, or as vice-satrap of this palace.
The king's foster son Mardon may not fancy his own humiliation.
A PRIXCE OF UR. 149
for ]\Iardon hath a pretty spirit, but he must also give way to
Abrarn. as his elder, as I must do to thee, my princess. And when
Abram, who hath traveled far and' wide, and who hath no doubt
drank deeply of the religion and culture of glorious Egypt, as
well as the sleepy philosophies of Salem, when he knows of thine
own narrow bigotry, he will join with father Terah and the
prince Mardon to urge thee to shake off such grovelling notions
and ancient superstitions. Come, Princess, be ready to greet our
kinsman Abram as he should be met."
The princess Sarai stood riveted to the spot. Longing to
hear more yet too proud to ask one single question, she did not
turn her head, but after a moment, she glided swiftly away, beckon-
ing Milcah and her maidens to follow her as she passed through
the lattice work and across the wide courtyard.
Alas, was the whole world upside down? Had she at last
found herself alone in a world filled with men and women who
despised such antiquated ideals as hers? Were her beliefs all
wrong? Where had she failed to listen to the Good Spirit? What
was her crime? What her weakness?
She had felt this impending storm for a long time. She had
seen the signs in the uplifted brows of those about her ; she had
noted a thousand secret eye-glances, whisperings, and half-heard
words. Father Terah — it might all be true — she could not deny,
much as she longed to do so. But at least she would hold her
tongue nor permit herself one word of doubt or scorn against
the kind and gracious old satrap.
Was it for this she had labored to teach the children of the
servants in her father's household? She had spent her days and
nights in conscientious strivings to hold the simple truths of
her fathers' close woven into the web and woof of their daily
life about the palace. And how utterly she had failed.
And Abram? He was even now within those walls. Well,
she had no time to spend in speculation as to what her kingly
kinsman thought upon these subjects, for all her own bright hopes
and aims were tumbling about her ears, and she was desolate.
Within, the lady Ischa reared herself craftily and paced up
and down, up and down the long halls with impatient tread. She
had held herself in check for months, although tempted almost
beyond power of control, and now she waited only to know what
stand her most coveted kinsman Abram would take in this dis-
tracted household. He was home — the mighty, mystic, name-
less Prince Abram, the fair, the wise, the good — heralded in every
court of the world as the philosopher without peer, the student
without challenge. Abram, rich, titled, sought by princesses of
every degree, handsome, powerful, magnetic — she would seek
him out in the first hours of his return, and would try her every
art (to be continued)
Current Topics.
STATE.
The usual crop of recommendations and applications for new
State bureaus, commissions and officers has come up to the legis-
lators this season. More officers, more salaries, more taxes, with
little necessity for any one, is a view which people generally take
of the situation.
Appointment of county assessors by a state board appointive
in itself means taking away from the people, to a much more dis-
tant point than now, the means of safeguarding themselves against
excessive assessments and taxes. The voters generally feel that
they can choose these officers quite as wisely as can any state
board which has a merely secondary responsibility to the elector-
ate, and with much greater satisfaction to themselves.
With less snow in the mountains, until late in the winter
season, than has been known in many years, considerable anxiety
is expressed throughout the intermountain region regarding the
water supply for the coming summer. The fact that this anxiety
has ample foundation should be a suggestion for an early hus-
banding of the supply, and also for providing against emergencies
in food necessities that follow drouth.
Assessment of property at its "full cash value" is being urged
upon the Utah legislators as a remedy for tax ills, and there is
promised a reduction in tax levy to offset the apparent increase.
Experience has shown that with the taxgatherer anxious to "make
a record" for big returns, the "full cash value" is invariably ex-
cessive, and the plea of reduced levy never has been worked into
actual practice, because impracticable under the public demand
for money which always exists. Idaho now manifests a revulsion
against much recent legislation, the chief cause of this change
being the excessive burdens which have come to the farmer and
small home-owner through the application of the "full cash value"
theory.
Inquiries are made why the "Mormon" communities, espe-
cially the Relief Society, do not combine in their particular locali-
ties with the various associations for international charity. The
founder of the Relief Society, the Prophet Joseph Smith, in-
structed the local organizations that their "administrations should
CURRENT TOPICS. 151
be confined to the circle of their immediate acquaintance." As to
any more extended action, the "Mormon" Church organization
operates as a unit in such matters, as illustrated by its call upon
all its ward, mission and branch organizations to observe January
24 as a day for special contributions for the needy of Europe;
and the Church organization will see to it that these contributions
reach their destination without loss to an expense account.
U. S. Consul R. J. Thompson, now in Germany, having ob-
served the young "Mormon" missionaries, in different parts oi
Europe, predicts that in a generation or two Utah will become the
most highly civilized state in the American Union as a result of
the clean, manly, purposeful energy shown by this type of young
men, and those who are attracted to them, and thereby become
contributions to the population and life of Utah as the best to be
found in foreign lands. This prediction should be a forceful
suggestion to the mothers of "Mormonism" not to falter in their
duty of training their sons in the clean, manly, upright life which
has called forth such encomium from an experienced and ob-
servant government official.
NATIONAL.
Dr. Charles Austin Beard, of Columbia College, New York,
expresses the opinion that the American people are not fitted for
self-government. He must concede that a large proportion of
them at least feel capable of governing others to their own satis-
faction, if not to the satisfaction of the governed portion of their
fellow citizens.
The big political parties in the United States bid fair to be
reduced one-third in number before the next national election,
since the Progressive party in various states is rapidly coalescing
with the Republican party, under the name and leadership of the
latter. The vital effect this will have in the selection of the next
President of the United States gives to the movement its present
chief interesting feature.
Many promises have been made of a return of business pros-
perity throughout the country. The masses of the people are now
awaiting with some anxiety, material evidence of the return of
that much desired prosperity, before deciding in their own minds
whether or not those leaders who make the promises are to be
relied upon as trustworthy prognosticators. Let the prodigal
Miss Prosperity make her appearance at the earliest moment pos-
sible.
152 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
The "ship purchase bill" before Congress means, in brief, the
purchasing of a "flying fleet" to carry American products at lower
rates than private shipping companies offer, until the European
war ceases, and also money payments to those belligerents whose
vessels may be interned in American ports ; this to be done by the
government direct. Such evidently temporary expedient, and the
probable breach of neutrahty which would follow the purchase of
ships from one warring nation to the injury of another such na-
tion, give the basis of the determined opposition to the scheme.
INTERNATIONAL.
With the greatest war in history raging; with each of the
nations engaged able to put in the field practically double the
number of fighting men now there ; and with the opening of spring
for more active operations in about sixty days, there appears a
strong prospect of slaughter that will comprise its millions of
victims before the carnage is ended. Then the pestilence which
is sure to follow when the heat of summer comes on many a bat-
tlefield where lie the unburied and half-buried slain, and the
famine already claiming its thousands of victims and- scarcely yet
inaugurated, all mark an era of devastation, destitution and de-
population, in Europe, such as never before has been contemplated.
Truly it is a "beginning of sorrows" that is sufficient to appall
the stoutest heart among humanitarians.
It is interesting to note that while the Jews have been gath-
ering to Palestine, in recent years, they are now leaving in great
numbers to find refuge in Egypt, whence their forefathers were
delivered, and where the child Jesus found temporary safety. With
the bulk of Palestinian Jews in Egypt, under British protection,
when the "times of the Gentiles" referred to by the Master shall
have been fulfilled (which event seems now close at hand) their
return to Palestine, and their unification there with other Jews
from among the present warring nations, will be accomplished
much more readily and under far more satisfactory conditions
than appear to have been within reach under any other line of
circumstances that have arisen since the dawn of the Christian
era.
Home Gardening for Women.
The success of our gardening depends a great deal on the
amount of brains used in the preparation therefor. Of course we
must have climate, good seeds, proper soil conditions, cultivation ;
all are indispensable adjuncts to the successful production, either
of flowers or vegetables.
We have received most encouraging reports from many
stakes and wards, as to their success in applying the gardening
methods outlined in last yearVBuLLEXiN lessons, and while we are
only giving the lessons in a suggestive form this year, we do urge
our sisters to try as far as practicable to use our suggestions. We
will be pleased to record results mailed to us. In the study of
plant life, and in the applying of our knowledge in a practical
way, we are learning beautiful facts about our Heavenly Father
and His wonderful creative powers. For after all, "Paul may
plant and Appollos may water, but God giveth the increase."
Toots.
Now is the time for you to look after the tools ; see if the hoe
is rusty and dull or without a handle-; and see if your digging
fork, rakes, spades, etc., are ready for the first bright sunny days
of spring, when the fever for outdoor work tempts you to begin
your work for spring gardening ; for tools are too often not ready,
and are in a scattered condition. ]\Iany idle hours are spent by
the men folk during the winter months, when all implements used
in gardening and farming could be repaired and made ready for
use when needed. A sufficient equipment -of garden tools is a
factor in successful gardening, and having cheap, half-bent tools
to work with is the poorest sort of economy. It pays to buy good
implements and then to take good care of them.
Good Use for Old Boxes.
Garden frames may be made from old fruit or cracker boxes.
Those too deep should be cut in half, remove bottom, and cover
the top of the box with a cloth, or make a frame suitable for
holding a window pane of glass. These boxes are inexpensive,
and serve as a cover for forcing a few early cucumbers, tomatoes,
and pepper plants.
Early Plants for Use in Salads.
By preparing a fine, light, sandy loam in pots or window
boxes, placing them in warm, sunny windows, you will be able to
have fresh pepper cress, parsley and small lettuce leaves in a few
weeks, ready for use. Seeds should be sown and just lightly
154 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
covered, kept moist, and have plenty of sunlight, a glass placed
in the box or pot assists wonderfully in securing rapid growth.
Perennial Flozuers.
Possibly those not familiar with gardening will be more suc-
cessful with the perennial flowers. A few choice kinds well culti-
vated, with good soil will repay you ten-fold, with almost everlast-
ing blooming.
Note. — We recommend the Porter- Walton Mail Order House
for seeds, flowers, and bulbs, 522, 536 South Third West Street,
Salt Lake City, to our readers who are gardeners and lovers of
flowers.
Genealogy.
IMPORTANCE OF INDIVIDUAL .\ND FAMILY HISTORIES.
The Prophet Joseph Smith made the following remarks in the
17th meeting of the Relief Society in Nauvoo.
"President Joseph Smith said he had one remark to make
respecting the baptism for the dead — to suffice for the time being
until he has opportunity to discuss the subject to greater length —
that is all persons baptized for the dead must have a recorder
present, that he may be an eyewitness to testify of it.
"It will be necessary in the grand council, that these things be
testified of, let it be attended to from this time, for if there is any
lack, it may be at the expense of our friends — they may not come
forth, etc."
These words should burn themselves into our memories, so
that they can never be effaced. They were spoken to the women
of the Relief Society and we repeat to these women the solemn
injunction there laid down. Let us be sure that we do not rise up
on the morning of the resurrection and find that we have neglected
our most important life's duty.
The person who is first awakened to the principle of salvation
for the dead is necessarily concerned at once with the vital neces-
stiy of securing the records of his dead ancestors ; but there are
two reasons why such a person should begin with his own indi-
vidual record. The first reason is that it is better to begin with
the known and go back to the unknown. The second reason is
that his records will be just as important to his descendants as his
ancestors' records are to him.
If you learn how to get out your own records, if you dis-
cover the form in which to group your own family and acquaint
GENEALOGY. 155
yourself with a system of numbering, of heirship, and relationship
for your living family — as practiced by the Genealogical Society
of Utah — you will be well prepared afterwards to take up the
records of your kindred dead, and get them into similar shape.
Your own dates and facts are so well known to yourself
that you become careless about recording them. Many people
have an exaggerated sense of modesty and feel that whatever per-
tains to themselves is of little consequence. On the contrary,
everything that pertains to one individual — genealogically speak-
ing— is just as important as everything that concerns every other
individual. It is as important, for instance, that my grandchildren
shall know the day, the month, and the year when I was born, as
it is that I shall have those facts concerning my grandmother.
The individual is an integral part of the family, and of the
community; he is a link in the family chain, which, lacking him,
would be impossible to fasten up. Many of the foolish Puritans
who emigrated from England to America when this land was dis-
covered, burned up their records in an excess of religious frenzy.
What a tremendous loss to their American descendants. Each
family chain might be said to be as strong as its weakest link.
The family is made up of a group of individuals ; therefore
the family history should begin with the history of the individual
who writes that history. Our next lesson will concern itself with
a family form, in which to prepare this group. The family record
book, which was prepared by Elder Duncan McAllister for the
Genealogical Society, dan be furnished by that Society for $1.25;
or the Deseret News Book Store will furnish it for the same price.
During this month, we suggest to the sisters that they secure
every possible date concerning themselves, birth, marriage, bap-
tism, removals from one town to another, birth, dates of all chil-
dren, marriage and death dates, and date of every ordinance re-
ceived in the temples, and all appointments to office in the Relief
Society, as well as every other interesting fact in the life of each
of you who take this lesson. Have that ready for next month,
when we will take up Family Group Forms.
Notes from the Field.
Mrs. Emily M. Shurtliff who recently died and who was
for so long the President and beloved leader of the women of
Ogden stake, received one of the most beautiful funerals, as a
tribute from her fellow workers in Ogden, that has ever been
given to a woman of this people.
The funeral was held on Sunday, January 10, in the Ogden
Tabernacle. The Tabernacle was crowded to the doors ; the
floral tributes were lavish and exquisitely beautiful ; the music was
indeed heavenly in sentiment and expression ; remarks made by
the various speakers were eloquent of the affection in which Sister
Shurtliff was held by her fellow workers ; and throughout all
breathed the deep note of reverence and esteem for President
Lewis W. Shurtliff who was the sorrowing husband left bereaved
by this burial. Above all, the respect and reverence which had
always been shown by- Sister Shurtliff and her associates to her
honored and revered husband and to the priesthood was dwelt
upon by the speakers.
President Joseph F. Smith, with a portion of his family, went
up from Salt Lake City to the funeral, and was a speaker on this
occasion. He was accompanied by Mrs. Sarah R. Smith and
Mrs. Edna L. Smith; Mrs. Rebecca N. Nibley and Mrs. Susa
Young Gates were with this party, representing the General Board
of the Relief Society.
President Smith dwelt upon the salvation which is the promise
of all who die as did this good woman — faithful to the last.
President Sm.ith expressed his sympathy for the family whose
blood, he said, had been mingled with his, through marriage, and
referring to the life of the deceased, as a faithful and true wife,
a devoted mother and a faithful member of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, he spoke along doctrinal lines.
"The Gospel," he said, "was the power of God unto salvation
and people come into the world subject to its laws." Continuing,
the President declared that the laws of the Gospel were instituted
before the earth was created and that they were revealed to the
world in the present dispensation by the Prophet Joseph Smith.
He also spoke of the mission of Jesus Christ, referring to baptism
by immersion as having been instituted by him and that obedience
to this law was necessary to salvation.
The question of divine authority was also touched upon by
President Smith and this authority, he said, could only be divine
when used in righteousness. "Man," he continued, "can take
nothing from this world except what he has gained through divine
NOTES FROM THE FIELD. 157
truth or what has been given him by divine authority. No man is
perfect, but the germ of perfection is in every person waiting to
be developed."
In conclusion, he gave a remarkable exposition of the mean-
ing of the "Brotherhood of Man," saying that relationship must
be gauged by the degree of virtue among men and that anyone
who lived according to the laws of God would be more closely
related to Him than one of his own children who had transgressed
the law.
The following speakers also dwelt upon the virtues of the
deceased, and for President Shurtlifif and the family : Elder W.
L. Stewart, President Charles F. Middleton, President John Wat-
son, Dr. Edward I. Rich, Susa Young Gates, David O. McKay.
The musical numbers were beautiful and were as follows : Fir.st,
"I Know that My Redeemer Lives," by Walter Stephens and the
Ogden Tabernacle Choir ; "O, My Father," by the choir. The
choir also, with Mrs. Myrtle B. Higley as soloist, sang "One
Sweetly, Solemn Thought" and "In the Time of Roses." As the
mourners passed out of the church Organist Sam F. Whitaker
played "The Death of Ase" from the "Peer Gynt" suite, by Grieg.
Mrs. Belle Ross read a touching tribute in verse, to the honored
dead, composed by Mrs. Martha Burton Cooley.
OUR HONORED DEAD.
The death of Sister Marinda Black of Grayson Ward, was
deeply mourned by all her associates. Resolutions of respect and
tributes to her memory were prepared by her loving associates.
We join with spirit in honoring her memory.
RELIEF SOCIETY STAKE CONFERENCES.
The Relief Society will hold stake conferences this year dur-
ing the months of Alay, June, and July, and November, in com-
pliance with the plan outlined by the Correlation Committee, and
approved by the authorities of the Church.
The conferences in May, June, and July will be held in con-
nection with the stake quarterly conferences, and will be for all
stakes, except the following: Alpine, Box Elder, Cache, Davis,
Ensign, Granite, Jordan, Bear River, Liberty, North Weber,
Ogden, Pioneer, Salt Lake, Utah, Weber, and Nebo. These latter
will be held in November.
Further particulars will be furnished, as soon as all details
are arranged.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President •
Mrs. Clariss.\ S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith'. Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman , General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary '
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beattie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddington
Mrs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor SusA Young Gates
Business Manager Janette A. Hydi
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II. MARCH, 1915. No. 3.
THE DIGNITY OF TOIL.
Recently there occurred in the morning
A Scrub hours in a store on the main street of this
Woman. city, a most terrible murder. And the
thoughtless daily press reporters spoke con-
temptuously of the victim as a "scrub-woman." This woman
was a member of the Church in good standing, her husband
being in the missionary field as an ambassador of Christ. The
good wife was supporting herself and child, and assisting him
with her humble toil. The epithet applied to her shocked
every Latter-day Saint woman.
There is no occasion for anyone to shrink
Honest Terms from honest work of any kind. Nor should
for Honest anyone fail to use proper and respectful terms
Work. to denote the various occupations in which
people may engage. But, on the other hand,
every American citizen resents opprobrious terms when ap-
plied to him or his occupation. This is especially true of the
Latter-day Saints. Words are peculiarly elastic things. They
are charged with a variety of meanings given to them by those
who use them as daily symbols. A word that may originally
EDITORIAL. 159
have had a special meaning, may have that meaning modified
and even changed entirely by popular usage. By this test,
such terms as "servants" and "scrub-women" are insulting and
humiliating. There are good and respectable terms to use
which no one resents; any one should be proud of the term
"wage-earner," or "laborer," for all Saints should be laborers.
In the name of every woman in this
The Insult Church, we protest against the term "scrub-
to "Mormon" woman." We feel there is a need of sober
Women. consideration and a possible readjustment of
our social views, when our newspapers can
so far forget the proprieties as to speak thus of one of our
number. We are all workers, laborers, toilers. Our mar-
tyred sister should be dignified with our loving tributes, rather
than that her dear ones shall be doubly saddened by so gross
an insult. We are proud of our sex, and of our standing in
this Church, and we ask our press and our associates to treat
us — the laboring women — with the respect we feel we deserve.
Let no son willingly humiliate another man's mother. There
are only sisters and laborers in the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-dav Saints. There are no "scrub-women."
NOTES.
The following books can be obtained at Relief Society Head-
quarters :
Genealogical pencil note books. $ .10
Genealogical lesson books ' . . . .15
Universal Salvation 10
Art Book 1.25
Please write proper names of subscribers clearly and give full
postoffice address. Many mistakes have occurred through the
lack of care on the part of our kind friends who have sent us
subscription lists to the Magazine. When mistakes do occur, re-
port them at once to the Business Manager of the Relief Society
Magazine, Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City.
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Second Week.
Lesson II — Repentance.
(a) The First Fruit of Faith.
(b) A Gift from God.
(c) The Spirit of God and the Holy Ghost.
(d) Real Repentance.
(e) Damnation no Part of the Gospel.
(f) Sin, a Wilful Transgression of Law.
(g) Condemnation Measured by Culpability,
(h) Some Souls Incapable of Repentance,
1. What is the result of a cognizance of sin?
2. How can we obtain faith?
3. Do you see any difference between the Holy Ghost and
the Spirit of the Lord ?
4. What is real repentance?
5. What is the "Mormon" idea of damnation?
6. What can you say of sin ?
7. When we transgress a law, what is the result?
8. How far are we to blame for our sins?
9. When is a man unable to repent?
REPENTANCE.
The First Fruit of Faith. — The first fruit of faith is re-
pentance. Repentance follows as naturally as kindness follows
love, as obedience springs from reverence, as a desire to be con-
genial with, succeeds admiration for, one whose example is
deemed worthy of emulation. God commands all men every-
where to repent. A desire to please Him and become acceptable
in His sight, leads the soul of faith to repentance.
A Gift from God. — No repentance is possible, however, with-
out the Spirit of the Lord, which "giveth light to every man that
GUIDE LESSONS. 161
cometh into the world" (Doc. and Cov. 84:45-47). This is what
makes repentance, no less than faith, a gift from God. When His
Spirit ceases to strive with men, they no longer desire to repent,
and are deHvered over to the buffetings of Satan. They dehver
themselves over to those buffetings. They make their choice be-
tween the spirit of good and the spirit of evil, both of which are
in the world, influencing the spirit of man, and they receive their
wages from the master whom they list to obey.
The Spirit of God and the' Holy Ghost. — A distinction
should be drawn between the Spirit "that enlighteneth every man,"
and the Holy Ghost, whose gifts are given to members of the
Church of Christ. The former is an influence, proceeding from
the Divine Presence ; the latter a personage, one of the Godhead,
concerning whom the Prophet Joseph says : "The Father has a
body of flesh and bones, as tangible as man's ; the Son also ; but
the Holy Ghost is a personage of Spirit. Were is not so the Holy
Ghost could not dwell in us" (Doc. and Cov. 130:22).
The Prophet says further upon this subject: "There is a
difference between the Holy Ghost and the gift of the Holy Ghost.
Cornelius received the Holy Ghost before he was baptized, which
was the convincing power of God unto him of the truth of the
Gospel, but he could not receive the gift of the Holy Ghost, until
after he was baptized. Had he not taken this sign or ordinance
upon him, the Holy Ghost which convinced him of the truth of
God would have left him." — ("Joseph Smith's Teachings," p. 69.)
Real Repentance. — Repentance is not that superficial sor-
row felt by a criminal when caught in the act of wrong-doing — a
sorrow not for sin, but for sin's detection, for being taken in trans-
gression. Chagrin is not repentance. Mortification and shame,
alone, bring no change of heart toward right living or right feel-
ing. Repentance involves remorse; but even remorse is not all
there is to repentance. In its highest meaning and fullest meas-
ure, repentance is equivalent to reformation — a resolve to "sin no
more," backed up by conduct consistent with such a determina-
tion. "Repentance is a thing that cannot be trifled with every
day. Daily transgression and daily repentance is not that which
is pleasing in the sight of God" ("Joseph Smith's Teachings,"
f. 136). "Bv this ye may know if a man repenteth of his sins.
Behold, he will confess them and forsake them" (Doc. and Cov.
58:43). This is a real, genuine repentance. All who truly re-
pent can be forgiven. These, and these alone, are ready for the
cleansing process — baptism for the remission of sins. Without
repentance, there is no forgiveness, and consequently no remission
of sins.
Damnation No Part of the Go.spel. — Damnation is no part
of the Gospel. Damnation or condemnation is simply the sad
alternative, the inevitable consequence of rejecting the means of
162 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
escape. When men hear the Gospel and refuse to obey it, they
come under condemnation. This cannot be helped. God would
save them, but they will not be saved. They are free agents, and
they damn themselves. Says Joseph the Prophet: "When God
offers knowledge or a gift to a man, and he refuses to receive it,
he will be damned." Not because God wishes to damn him, but
because damnation is inevitable when one rejects the offer of
salvation.
Sin, a Wilful Transgression of Law. — A man sins when
he goes contrary to light and knowledge — that is, contrary to the
light and knowledge that has come to him. One may blunder in
ignorance, and suffer painful consequences ; but one does not sin
unless one knows better than to do the thing in which the sin
consists.
Condemnation Measured by Culpability. — They who re-
fuse to repent will be damned ; they damn themselves by that re-
fusal. But damnation is not necessarily permanent, and like sal-
vation or exaltation, it exists in degrees. The degree of con-
demnation is according to the measure of culpability in those con-
demned. Even the damned, who repent, can be saved.
Some Souls Incapable of Repentance. — Some sinners can-
not repent. Their sins are of such a heinous character as to pre-
clude it. The spirit of repentance cannot lay hold upon them.
Their conduct has so grieved it, that it is completely withdrawn.
Consequently they cannot repent, and that is what makes their case
hopeless. If they could repent, they could be forgiven; but not
being able to repent, the pardoning power cannot reach them.
There would be no unpardonable sin if all sinners were capable of
repentance. Those who cannot repent, who have committed the
sin unpardonable, are called sons of perdition. — (From "Gospel
Themes.")
Genealogy.
First Week.
Lesson III — Individual and Family Histories.
1. Begin your work of recording with known facts.
2. Write all your own data.
Birth.
Baptism.
Marriage.
Birth of each child.
Death of any child.
Endowment date.
Official positions in Relief Society or other auxiliary or-
ganizations.
GUIDE LESSONS.
3. Write same data about husband.
163
4. Write same data about children.
5. Write same data about parents.
Note. — The Genealogical Society
record book, which is on sale for $1.25.
living family record.
SAMPLE PAGE.
has prepared a living
It is invaluable for the
NAME IN FULL:
-RRSrDF.NfnC-
T
ndex Page
IMPORTANT EVENTS ETC
DATE
Important Events,Et«
DATE
Day
Mo.
Yr. :
1
Day
Mo.
Yr.
Born at
Blessed by
Baptized by
Confirmed by
Schooling commenced at
Graduated
Ordained a by
Ordained a by. _.
Ordained a by
Married to
Married by at -
Endowed at
Patriarchal Blessing by
Mission to
Returned from Mission.
Migrated from to ^
Avocation ..
Height... Weight .. Chest Size...
Color of Eyes ..Color of Hair
General Condition of Health .. _
Specially Interested in.. ..
1 -
Home Ethics and Art.
ETHICS.
Lesson IV — Integrity.
(a) The principle of whole-hearted uprightness in an indi-
vidual is sometimes called integrity.
(b) Dependableness — which may be named as one phase of
integrity is of supreme importance in :
1. Business life.
2. Social activities.
3. Domestic relations.
4. Religious affairs.
Carelessness in any and all these relations amounts at times
to dishonesty.
164 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
To know that a person will keep his word, attend to a certain
piece of work, and that he will not fail except for good and suf-
ficient reasons, inspires one with confidence and trust in that per-
son. He may have other faults, few or many ; but when he has
integrity, his minor lapses can be forgiven.
No mortal possesses perfect integrity. We can only climb
slowly upwards to that perfect ideal. It is this striving which will
mold and purify our characters.
QUESTIONS.
How would you describe an upright man?
What would our lives become if society as a whole lacked
integrity ?
Why is integrity important in business?
In social life?
In our homes?
In our religion?
What is the difference between truthfulness and integrity ?
What do the Scriptures say of the upright man?
II Sam. 22:26; Ps. 18:25; Prov. 11:3; 11:6; 11:20;
Eccl. 7:29; Job 33:23; Prov. 14:2; Isa. 26:7, 10. ,
Note. — A good dictionary should be used as a help in defin-
ing words and terms.
ART.
"In my Father's house are many mansions" — -words of
Christ. ("Devotees and Their Shrine," pp. 20-32.)
(a) Describe the architecture in the Valley in the early
fifties.
(b) What was Brigham Young's attitude and influence
upon art?
(c) Tell of the organization of the first art school in the
West. Name its officers, directors and faculty.
(d) Tell of the building of the great Tabernacle. How did
it gets its unique form? What were the attainments of the
Folsoms ?
(e) Read "The Organ Builder." Describe the Tabernacle
organ. What can you say of its musical tone? Compare it with
other church organs you have heard.
( f ) Tell of the life work of Ralph Ramsey. Where was the
mahogany obtained with which to build the organ? Describe
Ramsey's carving on the great organ.
NOTICE
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Joseph J. Daynes
Professional Tuner and
Voicer of the Piano
Worn Out Pianos rebuilt. Write for
prices of work to be done out-
side of Salt Lake City
Phone, iVas. 6577
38 D ST., SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
SALT LAKE CITY -UTAH
The shoe store for the whole family— and
every pair of shoes a "Money Back" quality.
SALT LAKE'S LARGEST AND
FINEST SHOE STORE
Scrace's Bakery and Cafe
Fresh Bread, Cakes and Pastry Daily
Headquarters for Relief Society Visitors.
A Good Place to Eat.
E. L. SAUNDERS. Proprietor
Peone Wasatch 1230
24 South Main Street
THE I
UTAH STATE
NATIONAL
• BANK
SALT LAKE CITY
l/TAH
IT is the purpose
of this Bank at
all times to render
helpful service and
make the handling
of your banking
business satisfactory and pleasant.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK
Your Account is Cordiallj Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH. Pre..
When WE Make Your Por-
traits, YOU get the Correct
Style, Excellence and
Satisfaction
The Thomas
Studio
Phone Was. 3491 44 Main St.
What is Home
Without
THE
SATURDAY
NEWS
McCONAHAY'S Stock of Cameos said to be one
of the largest shown in the country.
We welcome the chance McCONAHAY
to show them to you.
$1.00 to $300.
THE JEWELER
64 Main Street
Salt Lake City
W. N. Williams, Supt. R. N. Wilson, Asst. Supt.
Clarissa S. Williams, Sec'y and Treas.
GUARANTEED FURNITURE AT
LOWEST PRICES
Our magnificent stock comprises goods from America's
most representative lines and our prices are always reasonable
Carpets, Rugs, Draperies, Linoleum, Ranges, Heaters, Go-Carts, Etc.
Home Furnishings of all descriptions for
CASH OR CREDIT
CO-OP FURNITURE CO.
Next Door South of Z. C. M. I.
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Wasatch 207
67 E. South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
THE HOME PIANO
OF AMERICA
Attractive in case design — beautiful in finish
— pure and sweet, rich and full in tone — the
Kohier & Campbell piano at once appeals
to the most exacting musician. 1000 homes
a month open their doors to receive one of
these world-wide favorites. Let YOUR
home open its doors for one this month.
■ -fSMA/r/ ■
"OLDER THAN THE STATE OF UTAH'
The master skill oi our Famous
Danish Butter Makers contributes much
toward the general superiority of Jen-
sen's Blanchard Butter and Jensen's
Four-in-One Butter.
Ask your dealer for
Z. C. M. I. School Shoes for Boys
They keep the feet warm and dry save unneces-
sary suffering and doctor's expense.
"MOUNTAINEER" and
"THE LEADER" Overalls
Don't Rip, are Honestly Made.
Devotees and
Their Shrines
Art Book in use by
the Relief Society
$1.25
Post Paid
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
tive and moderate-priced articles
for rent or purchase, for use in
the Temple, should apply to
Relief Society Headquarters,
Room 29, Bishop's Bldg.
HOME VISITORS'
EXCURSIONS EAST
DECEMBER 19 and 22, 1914
Following low round trip fares will prevail
from Salt Lake City :
Denver or Colorado Springs $22.50
Omaha or Kansas City 40.00
Memphis 59.85
Chicago 59.72
St. Paul or Minneapolis 53.86
Proportionately low rates from other points on
the Oregon Short Line to the foregoing and
many other points.
See agents for particulars.
CITY TICKET OFFICE
HOTEL UTAH
SALT LAKE CITY
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
HOME OFFICE:
VERMONT BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
UTAH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
Mothers, educate your dai'ghters — and sons — to become invaluable
assets to the State and to the Nation.
Girls, prepare yourselves for ideal wives and mothers, by securing
an education in Housekeeping and Home-making at The Agricultural
College of the State of Utah.
Vol. II
APRIL, 1915
No. 4
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
HOME GARDEN NUMBER
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
ROOM 29. BISHOPS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
$L00 a Year— Single Copy 10c
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO.
NEWS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY
OUR DRUG STORE IS COMPLETE
PRICES RIGHT
Wo Solicit Your Patronage Prompt Attention to Mail Orders
TRY OUR QUICK LUNCH— IT'S DELICIOUS
FRESH FLOWERS DAILY
The Xmas Store for Men and Boys
Choose now while assortments are most complete. Best possible
values, of course.
UTAH'S GREATEST CLOTHING STORE
GARDNER & ADAMS CO.
IN THE KEARNS BUILDING
We give and redeem Security Vouchers
Marion Banks
FINE MILLINERY
at reasonable Prices
GOODWIN CORSETS
Charlton's
HOLIDAY SPECIAL
On Our Smart Line of
SUITS, GOWNS AND WAISTS
Have you seen our new handker-
chiefs and neckwear?
This ad. will redeem 1 0 per cent, on purchases at regular price.
242 SOUTH MAIN STREET
PLAN YOUR GARDEN NOW
You will find our Seed and Nursery Guide Book the most valuable assist-
ant in telling you just what is worth while to plant in this climate.
This book contains 112 pages fully illustrated just brimful of the
information needed by every planter of Seeds, Plants, Shrubs, Roses and
Trees. By securing it you will get the benefit of the thousands of ex-
periments carried on at our Centerville Trials Grounds, and this alone
is worth Dollars. You are entitled to a free copy of this valuable book.
Mention this paper and write for it today.
PORTER-WALTON CO
Seed and Nursery Specialists for U. S. A. , SALT LAKE
The Relief Society Magazine
Owned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
APRIL, 1915.
Service Maud Baggarley 165
Beautiful Flower Gardens Frontispiece
Beautifying- the Homes of Relief Society Women 167
Thanksgiving Marie Jensen 179
Clothing for Women Past Forty The Two Sarahs -180
Current Topics James H. Anderson 182
A. Prince of Ur Homespun 184
Early Development of the Textile Art. . .Rose H. Widtsoe 189
The "Word of Wisdom" Maud Baggarley 193
Notes from the Field 195
Editorial 198
Guide Lessons 200
Music : Spring B. Cecil Gates 208
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist.
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
AMERICAN THEATER
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., Vermont Building, Salt Lake City.
BUTLER'S BOOTERY, Salt Lake City.
CO-OP. FURNITURE, 35 South Main St., Salt Lake City.
CULLEN HOTEL.
CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DAYNES-BEEBE MUSIC CO., 45 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
P. W. DUNYON CO., 502 Templeton Building.
JOSEPH J. DAYNES, 38 D Street.
GARDNER ADAMS.
JENSEN CREAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 555 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS, Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 242
South Main, Salt Lake City.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
SCRACE'S BAKERY, 25 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street,
Salt Lake City.
THOMAS, Photographer.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Lake City.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY
HEADQUARTERS
For Approved Garments and Ladies' Utah Made
Dress Goods
Postage Prepaid and Samples Sent on Request
CUTLER'S, 36 Main Street
Establiihed 1860 Incorporated 1908
S. M. TAYLOR & CO.
UNDERTAKERS AND
EMBALMERS
SUCCESSORS TO
JOSEPH E. TAYLOR
The Pioneer Undertaker of the West
53 years in one locution
251-253-255-257 EAST FIRST SOUTH ST.
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
EFFICIENT SERVICE
MODERN METHODS COMPLETE EQUIPMENT
THE BIGGEST PERMANENT THEATRICAL FEATURE IN
THE WEST—
THE AMERICAN THEATRE
CONCERT ORCHESTRA
Under direction of
PROF. J. J. McCLELLAN
The finest pictures and the best music combine to make a wonderful
entertainment for the money.
SERVICE.
BY. MAUD BAGGARLEV.
Seek thou not to grasp the star-hght,
'fit will sift between thy hands;
Home may be thy field of labor —
Despite the lure of foreign lands !
Every secret dream of beauty
May be clothed in common clay !
Rejoice! thy hands are blessed and strengthened
By the toil of every day.
Beautiful Flower Gardens at Cosy Home on South State Street.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II.
APRIL, 1915.
No. 4.
Beautifying the Homes of Relief
Society Women.
We have devoted the few pages of space, which are not
otherwise occupied in the Magazine, to articles on the home
gardening movement among our sisters. We have three articles
from experts of the Utah Agricultural College, and one on
Civic Improvement by our own Janette A. Hyde, full of splendid
suggestions. The story of the Utah Stake contest will be found
also in Notes from the Field.
Sk^ I^K
i
Hil
^^^
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^^^
^8
B^^M
r^^^^^
^m
J^B^^^W^MpslgEKBH^SI
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Cosy Home of Thrifty Wage-earner on South State Street. Vegetables
and small fruits supply the family table and return
profits from sale.
168
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Profitable Crop of Cabbage and Celery on a Small Truck Garden in
Suburbs of Salt Lake City.
PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS FOR CiViC IMPROVE-
MENT.
Mrs. Janette A. Hyde.
We have accomplished some things, we hope to be able to ac-
complish many more things ; and, indeed, we may say, we hope to
achieve all things within the broad scope of Relief Society work.
And after all, this work embraces most things that are really worth
the while. So this being the case, we are now launching out on
a home gardening, home improving, and home beautifying cam-
paign. We invite all ReJief'Society women to join us in this
movement, not only to $ave cleaner yards, better lawns, and
flower-gardens for our' d^yn homes, but to broaden out and try
to improve the grounds --round about our Churches and our
Relief Society houses, and, in fact, all public places.
If our sisters, at one of their meetings, would appoint a com-
mittee to meet with thcCit}- officials of their respective towns, and
have plans formulated for improving the grounds of the meeting-
houses and other public buildings ; offer to furnish the refresh-
ments for those who do the real work ; get the digging done, and
the ground ready for lawns, it would create much interest in the
cause. If you have not the conveniences for sprinkling, have the
lawn made in furrows, so it can be irrigated. Plant a few trees —
the Georgia poplars will grow almost in any climate, are beauti-
BEAUTIFYING THE HOME.
169
tul, and will furnish plenty of shade. Put in a few rose bushes,
and at either side of the walk, have rows of sweet elysium or
candy tuft, or dwarf nasturtiums. Sisters, if you will buy the
seeds and trees, you can easily get the brethren to do the work.
Make an effort this spring to improve, at least on the public
land. In this, as in all other undertakings of the Relief Society
sisters, let us make a success. Let us all work together for im-
provement around our own homes, and all our places of worship,
as well as other public buildings and grounds.
Beautiful Flower Garden Raised by the Mis-
tress of this Attractive City Home, Lo-
cated at Burton Place on State Street.
CIVIC BEAUTY.
^3' Hazel Love Diinford of the State Agrieultural College.
In a recent magazine article, a writer of note said that "most
western towns and villages bear an unkempt aspect that requires
a touch of twilight to give them kindliness." This is sad indeed
and, I fear, too often true, not only of western towns but of Amer-
ica in general. Those who have visited in the Old World, say
that in the long settled corners of Europe, men's fields, lanes,
170 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE. '
roads, houses, churches, and even whole villages and towns seem
to combine with nature to produce a scenery of a more lovable
type than nature alone could offer us. It is quite the reverse in
many parts of America. Our yards, lawns, fences, streets, etc.,
certainly show a lack of a love for civic beauty.
In the last thirty years, a great deal has been done in this
country to bring up our standard of living. Improvement leagues,
civic associations, betterment leagues, etc., have been formed
with the express purpose of beautifying our homes, towns and
country places. "We are learning how essential an element
beauty is in the good influence of the home, in the effectiveness of
the school, in the holding and transforming power of the church,"
says one writer.
Many men have realized this in their factory work, and have
done much to improve the places of employment to make them
beautiful, and thereby keep their employees happy and con-
tented.
The love of beauty is natural to every human being, and
those who are living without it, are deprived of that which makes
for beautiful, happy lives.
The importance of pleasing surroundings cannot be exag-
gerated. It comes closest to the home-life of the people ; it builds
for good honorable characters. It is a direct agent for the pre-
vention of ignorance, crime and disease, and for the promotion of
health, usefulness, and good morals.
I wonder if we cannot do something, say, first, in our own
yards? The spring is close upon us now. Can we not get the
children to help and have a general clean-up day? Make a good
time of it, and you will feel better for the out-door exercise. Don't
fail to have a good dinner in your plans, — something extra to pay
for the effort put forth by the children. Plant some flowers, and
get some shrubbery started, if you have none. If one individual
on each street would do this, it would act as a leavening agent ;
you know there is nothing so contagious as a good example. Soon
the whole ward will look "spic and span." Many of our meeting
houses are sadly in need of a little work about the grounds.
I knew of a ward in Salt Lake City that had had a meeting-
house built for twenty years before a lawn was put in. This is a
shame to the people of that ward. They were indifferent to their
love for civic beauty. One day given to the work, by all in the
ward, — say perhaps a spring holiday — and the work could all have
been done, — lawn, cement-walks, and flower-beds, laid, and the
house of worship changed from an eyesore to a thing of beauty.
Nothing can be done without organization ; the thing must be done
by the community as a whole. With a concerted effort, on the part
of the sisters, I know wonders could be worked. The staking of
animals, or allowing them to run loose does much to mar
BEAUTIFYING THE HOME.
171
the beauty of our streets. In some of the country places, broken
vehicles are allowed to stand, year in and year out, about the
barnyards, and even in public places.
Teach the children (for in them our future hopes lie) to say,
"I will not throw pap^r or other rubbish where it should not be."
Think of the money that might be saved if this one little thing
were observed, in public parks and resorts. Let us look about us,
and see where we can show greater love for civic beauty.
A group of vicn and boys cleaning and beautifying the grounds
of the Tzventieth Ward meeting-house grounds, on
Decoration Day, 1914.
THE LAWN.
By B. L. Richards, Instructor in Botany, Utah Agricultural
College.
The lawn, where possible, should be the accompaniment of
every effort on the part of man to beautify the surroundings of
the home. With the great movement toward the suburban and
rural life there has come a corresponding increase of interest in
the principles of making and maintaining the lawn. Lawn-making
is not alone a problem of rural districts but equally that of the
urban home. Every barren or weed-producing spot immediately
surrounding the land-limited city home, though it be but a few
square feet, should produce a mat of green grass. In its aesthetic
effects there is nothing equal to it.
The lawn to be a success must have permanency and beauty.
These qualities demand a careful consideration and study of some
of the fundamental principles of lawn-making. In all the opera-
172 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
tions of home-beautifying there is none that demands more care-
ful study. The lawn once planted, no matter what care it may re-
ceive, can never meet the demands of its owner unless a certain
amount of preparation has been made for the seed. No amount
of attention and care can compensate for defective soil.
The making- of lawns is ultimately a lacal problem, but there
are a few general principles applicable to all conditions. In lawn-
making we are concerned, first of all, with the home of the plants ;
second, with sufficient food for their growth, third, with the
preparation of a seed-bed, and, finally, with the selection and plant
ing of the right kind and amount of seed. Carelessness in any
one of these steps results in a permanent defective condition that
can never be corrected.
In the home of the plant we are concerned primarily with the
soil. But few localities ever provide ideal soil for the establish-
ment of good lawns. Ordinarily, the lawn is immediately sur-
rounding the residence. The soil in this locality is usually far
from being the normal soil of the region. It is greatly modified
by debris from building operations or the process of filling. The
problem of the lawn-maker is not, therefore, the converting of
normal soil, but abnormal soil into a suitable place for the grow-
ing of grass.
In the outset, it is safe to say that soil which will not produce
good potatoes, for example, or other crops profitably is unsafe
soil for the lawn. In other words, soil in a cultivated condition is
desirable. Soil around the home usually does not furnish this con-
dition, and should be modified by covering or cultivating. Build-
ing debris should never be within three feet of the surface. If
the refuse from building and other rubbish cannot be covered to
this depth, it is more economical, in the long run, to remove it by
some other means. The earth from the excavation should also
be covered to at least a depth of six inches, as it has not the
properties for plant-growth. Often the productivity of soils de-
pends quite as much upon the nature of the soil or underlying soil
as upon the soil in which the grasses are placed. Where soil is
hauled in, it should always come. from the upper layer of some
productive field, preferably from some cultivated area, as this
gives an additional protection against weeds. These factors are
too often overlooked, greatly to the disappointment of the owners
of lawns.
The type and texture of the soil has much to do with the
water-holding capacity, which is the one big factor in lawn pro-
duction. Where there is much modifying of the soil it is impera-
tive to keep this factor in mind. Even though this is not so im-
portant where water is plentiful, yet provision for the disposal
of excessive moisture through proper drainage and the rapid sup-
plying of water from the greater depths furnishes ideal conditions
BEAUTIFYING THE HOME. ' 173
for all the natural processes in the soil, such as aereation. sanita-
tion and the activity of the lower forms of life, all of which are
necessary for plant growth.
Soil textures are exceedingly variable, and although produc-
tive can be modified greatly to the increased growth of lawns.
The soil when productive and well drained is verv well suited for
the growth of a permanent and even laAvn. For the control of the
moisture it is perhaps superior to any other type. The difficulty
of cultivation and preparation of a good seed-bed can be overcome
by an incorporation of a fine sand or sandy loam within the first
t\vo or three inches. This soil should also be provided with plenty
of organic matter in the form of stable manure.
A good clay loam is splendid for lawns, where a provision
is made for the proper supply of organic matter.
Coarse, sandy soil is unsuited for the lawn, as it is very low
in its water holding capacity and especially poor in conduction
of water when needed from lower depths. Such soils, however,
can be greatly improved by thorough mixing with productive
clay.
Fine, sandy soil, when underlain with a clay subsoil, produces
good permanent lawns, but this type of soil can also be much im-
proved bv the incorDoration of claA'.
Having provided a proper subsoil, and a productive upper
layer of from six to twelve inches, the next problems, as stated,
are the provision of plant food and the preparation of the soil for
seeding. Fortunately in the Intermountain region nature has sup-
plied her soils with plenty of the mineral constltutents necessary
for plant life. In most cases, however, it is necessary in tho
making of lawns to supply additional nitrogen in the form of stable
manure. As the lawn is to be permanent, it is hardly possibly' to
make the soil too rich in this ingredient which also helps materi-
ally in modifying the texture of the soil. From twenty-five to
forty loads to the acre can be applied in most cases with safety.
This manure cannot be too thoroughly mixed with the soil.
The first step in the preparation of the soil for the seed is
that of proper leveling. Where filling or the supplying of soil
from other localities has occurred, the soil should be well rolled,
or sufficient time allowed for settling. Great care should then be
taken in making the soil perfectly level or of the desired contour.
Grass seed is very small and every precaution should be taken
to bring the seed in close contact with the «oil. This may be ac-
complished only by producing a very fine and homogeneous seed-
bed, at least three inches in depth. After planting, the ground
should be thoroughly raked or rolled and then followed by a fine
SDray of water. The 3^oung grass seedings are very tender and
should never be allowed to become dry after the seed is put into
the ground. To prevent this drying out and killing of the seed-
174 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Jings the lawn is often covered with a thin coat of straw or fine
manure. However, when water can be apphed daily this precau-
tion is unnecessary, if there is sufficient organic matter in the soil
to prevent baking.
Upon banks where lawns cannot be established by the seeding
method, it is often possible to remove sufficient sod from some
place where suitable grass has become well established to cover
the entire area. This process is successful but entails considerable
expense and makes possible the introduction of undesirable grasses
and other weeds. Only sod grown for this purpose can be used
with safety.
The best time for planting is as yet a disputed question. Some
favor the spring and others the fall planting. This question must
be solved by a consideration of the soil and weather conditions
peculiar to the locality. Spring planting should be done as soon
as the ground can be safely worked. September and October are
both good months for fall planting. In either case seeding just
before the occurrence of long dry-spells should be avoided or pro-
vided for.
Lawn grass should never be allowed to go to seed. In order
to secure a uniform sod over the entire area the plants should be
kept in a luxuriant vegetative condition of growth. This can be
done only by frequent use of the mower. As soon as the plants
get two inches high the mower should be used. By keeping the
grass at this height during the growing season, a uniform stand
of grass can be obtained.
If the soil is rich, the clippings may be removed, but if the
soil is in need of organic matter, they should be allowed to remain
on the ground. This latter method, if cutting is frequent, will not
mar greatly the appearance of the lawn.
The frequency of watering is entirely a local problem. The
lawn should never be allowed to become dry.
Owing to the rigid requirements made of lawn grasses those
adapted for making of good lawns are few. The Kentucky blue-
grass, redtop, and the fescue grasses have all been recommended
for our region. The Kentucky bluegrass, 6 lbs. to 3 lbs. of redtop
with 1 lb. of white clover as a nurse crop, have been frequently
used ; however, Kentucky bluegress and white clover are used
more frequently and have given better results than any other
combination in Utah. This should be planted in the proportion
of one pound white clover to six pounds Kentucky bluegrass.
One quart to the three hundred square' feet, or about one pound
per square rod makes a good, close coat.
The white clover produces a beautiful lawn quickly, and
answers for a nurse or protective crop for the young, tender
Kentucky bluegrass which does not become permanently estab-
lished until the second year.
BEAUTIFYING THE HOME.
175
Nothing- but seed of the purest type should ever be used. The
introduction of weeds or other grasses with the seed often results
in the destruction of the lawn. Guaranteed seed is expensive but is
ultimately the cheapest.
Jerries, Fruit Trees and Vegetable Garden
on a City Lot.
WHAT IS TO BE GAINED FROM THE HOME GARDEN
^3' Pcrccny D. Greaves, of the Utah Agricultural College.
The slogan "back to the soil" has started a great, world-wide
movement, and we cannot afiford to be blocks in the way, but be
up and awake and ready to help it along. In all ages great im-
provements and reforms have been worked up z\\-y[y, little at a
time, taking years for the average person to recognize its worth.
City kitchen and roof gardens, and also garden cities, have
long been encouraged in foreign countries and in large cities, and
it has spread until almost every progressive state is working in
line with this movement. The Philadelphia Vacant Lot. Cultiva-
tion Association have published their report, for 1911, and its
contents are so encouraging that I quote from it. The Associa-
tion received more applications for land than it was able to fill,
a fact which, although it indicates an unfortunate need of em-
ployment among the poor, shows, at the same time, the genuine
interest which is being taken in this useful and healthful form of
labor. As it was, three hundred and eight families, comprising
eleven different nationalities, were assigned gardens during the
vear on seventy-two acres of land.
176 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Every family can have a garden. If there be not a foot of
land there are porches or windows. Wherever there is sunlight,
plants may be made to grow, and one plant in a tin can may be a
more helpful and inspiring garden to some minds than a whole
acre of lawn and flowers are to others. The satisfaction derived
from a garden does not depend upon its area, nor, happily, upon
the cost or variety of the plants. It depends upon the temper of
the individual. For one must seek to love plants and understand
nature. Then gardening takes on new aspects, for if we stop to
consider the marvelous changes which take place during the trans-
formation of a seed to a plant, we find miracles as great as those
recorded in Holy Writ.
What a wonderful transformation it is that changes the inert
soil and air into the constituents within the pungent pepper-cress
or the delicious flavor of the strawberry ! Furthermore, if we will
but look within the dark, apparently unchanging, soil, we find
it not a lifeless mass, but teeming with countless millions of tiny
life toiling night and day to render it fit for the growing plant;
and then, when we read Dr. Russell's admirable description of
the struggle which is continually going on in the soil, and contem-
plate the marvels that are being wrought within it and within
the body of our living plant, work in our garden takes on new
and interesting aspects.
This is not all, for we need but stop to examine the beauty,
the form and symmetry, of the plants to realize the full significance
of the words, "The meanest flower that grows contains marvels too
deep for the human mind to fathom."
The benefits resulting from this work are many-sided. Not
only does it materially help to raise the standard of the individuals
themselves, by giving to many families the opportunity to grow
wholesome food and earn their own living under healthful condi-
tions, but in transforming vacant and often ugly city lots and
idle tracts of land into beautiful and productive areas, it benefits
the whole community.
How much better it would be for women to spend one of the
early hours of each day tending a row of strawberries or rasp-
berries, thus furnishing a beautiful and delicious dish for their
table, and, at the same time, enjoying the pure air and health-giv-
ing sunshine, than standing over a hot stove in a stuffy little
kitchen making pastry.
Furthermore, it brings health to the children, who, if given
fresh air and exercise, with their rich, red blood and strong
lungs, are like little stone walls blocking the way of disease in
time of contagion. Not only have the children been improved in
health, but the men, women and children engaged in the work,
get ideal exercise spending their time in the open air which not
BEAUTIFYING THE HOME. Ill
only affects the families directly connected with gardens, but it
has a continual influence through their habits upon their neighbors.
In these days when the importance of manual training is
being forced to the front more than ever before, there has been
found no method with greater educational powers than garden-
ing. In addition to training the eye, the mind, and the hand to-
gether, in proper relations, gardening trains the worker to use
great foresight. This is undoubtedly one of the necessary lines of
training in preparing children for their industrial work.
Then, there is the economic side of the question, for the
vegetables as bought from the green grocer's are too often partly
spoiled, over-ripe and the like, the inferior part often artfully con-
cealed within a few fresh vegetables. But, what a disappoint-
ment when they are to be served ! We find that what appears to
be a nice bunch has dwindled down to a mere handful. This is
not the case with the home-grown material, for it is brought di-
rectly from the garden to the kitchen, free from decay and mould
which will always linger in the purchased vegetables. How much
more appetizing are the fresh radishes, lettuce, pepper-cress from
the home garden, than the wilted, sickly-looking, ill-smelling stuff
which too often comes from the green-grocer's. But this is not
all, for often the purchased vegetables, especially those which are
to be served fresh, contain the germs of some deadly disease.
There are numerous cases on record where typhoid fever cases
have occurred and have been traced to the lettuce and radishes
which had been grown in night soil. The Government has investi-
gated several outbreaks of this disease, and has proved con-
clusively that it was carried from the soil by green vegetables.
We may think, "Well, in my case I am so careful in the washing
of the vegetables that this could never occur in my family." But
we must remember that experiments have shown that even the
careful washing in water, much more careful than is done by the
housewife, is not sufficient to remove these disease germs. If it
were only the few disease-producing germs which may happefi to
get into the soil that find their way onto the vegetable, we could
probably neglect that, but how about those which come from the
hands of the pickers while the vegetables are displayed in the open
case in the green grocer's store where they can receive germs from
the many customers who are continually entering the store ? And
furthermore, the number and kind of germs are now and then in-
creased by each whiff" of wind which picks the dirt from the side-
walk and carefully deposits it upon the lettuce, or perchance .the
strawberries. And, in this case, we are not alone dealing with the
typhoid germ, but the tuberculosis and possibly even worse in-
vaders.
The freshness of home-grown vegetables cannot be equalled.
They are free from disease germs. If one raises just enough for
178 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
one's own use, he is saving' that amount of money. If one wishes
to market the garden, one need only look around to see what is in
demand. For instance, even in little towns, hundreds of dollars
of 'parsley is sold, and this can be raised in almost any corner.
Anyone can start a garden or a picture, but only an artist can
finish one perfectly, for it is much easier, as everyone knows, to
lay out pictures and to plan gardens than it is to bring them to
satisfactory completion. The first bold, sweeping strokes and
plans are always full of promise, appealing strongly to the imagi-
nation, but when each detail has been carefully worked out, the
result is often disappointing. The average gardener, whether
professional or amateur, finds greater joy in seeing his garden
grow and respond to his care than to walk about in it after, it is
all matured. It is well not to attempt to do in one year all the
things that a garden spot suggests. Try a few things at a time
and improve each year.
A garden has a real value in dollars and cents as shown by the
following:
If we take, for example, a family of four persons, twenty
cents per day would be very reasonable for vegetables and small
fruit. For the garden season it would mean $32.50. Now, if one
had a variety in one's garden he could easily use twice that
amount. Then there are the flowers, and what a luxury it is to
have flowers in the garden and cut flowers for the house. We
must not forget the flower side pf the garden, if we cannot have
any more than a row of poppies in the vegetable garden and a
bunch of goldenglow or hollihocks in a corner. Can one guess the
pffect this will have on the child, who thus learns to love nature
and sees beauties which to others are invisible ! Then, when
we have instilled into the child this love for beauty, all the ugly,
vacant lots will soon be cared for.
This subject has been treated mostly from the viewpoint of
the child, for the older members of our state have always been
taught to have a garden and keep close to nature and be self-
supporting. In the first days of Utah, soon after Brigham Young
arrived at Salt Lake, he plotted the land and allowed each head of
family one and one-fourth acre and told him to provide for his
family. Now, if the older people of today could but help start the
next generation out in this line by setting the example and inter-
esting the children, the young would do much more with the ad-
vice, sympathy and encouragement of their father and mother or
older friends.
TOGAN, UTAH.
Thanksgiving.
If life was what we made it,
And brightest dreams came true,
There'd be no sin nor sorrow,
To burden me and you.
But crosses come to every heart.
And life will fade and die;
Life's mission is for other things.
To turn our thoughts on high.
If you have worldly riches.
Be thankful for your wealth.
If you are free from sickness.
Be thankful for your health.
If you are down in poverty,
'Tis surely no disgrace;
Be thankful, and with joy
Life's toil and struggle face.
While you are in life's morning.
So young, so gay, and free,
O turn your thoughts in gratitude
For what God giveth thee ;
'Twill make your pathway sweeter,
'Twill lead your hopes on high.
The years will bring you greater joy.
For gratitude can't die.
And later, when life's scenes may change,
When the bitter cup you drain.
If all that made life bright seems gone.
Your prayers are not in vain.
If gratitude is in your heart.
No sorrow can subdue
That precious gift which God will lend
To aid and comfort you.
You'll find your sorrow you can bear.
If you will thank your God
Who sends forth rain and sunshine
While you pass beneath His rod.
Life's ills are Heaven's best blessings.
They're sent in love to earth ;
Let's not forget who sent them.
They'll prove what we are worth.
BASALT, IDAHO. MaRIE JeNSEN.
Clothing for the Woman Past Forty.
The Tzvo Sarahs.
MATERIALS.
Clothing materials are chiefly products of the animal and
vegetable kingdom, and may be classified as follows : Animal :
wool, hair, skins, silk, feathers; \^egetable : cotton, flax, jute,
hemp, and India rubber.
Wool. silk, linen, and cotton, form the foundation of all
textiles ; and are the principal fabrics used for clothing materials.
Wool is the skin appendage of the sheep, and has been used for
clothing purposes from the earliest times. As a non-conductor
of heat, wool takes the foremost place in clothing fabrics. It also
quickly absorbs moisture, and does not readily become damp with
perspiration. : Its open, rough structure makes it further capable
of holding a certain amount of air as well as of allowing free
ventilation. It is also strong and durable, and possesses the best
characteristics of good dress material. Owing to its elasticity, it
greatly resists outside forces, besides retaining its original soft-
ness during wear. Many woolen fabrics are reversible. Serges
are the most popular of all woolen goods. They are capable of
resisting very hard wear ; as a rule twilled materials are the best
for general service.
Cotton is a vegetable fibre obtained from the downy lining
of the seed food of the cotton plant. When blended with wool,
it is extensively used in the making of cheap clothes; its power
of conducting heat is greater than either wool or silk.
Linen is obtained from the flax plant — a small, delicate, an-
nual, with a tiny blue flower. As a clothing material, it should not
be placed in close proximity to the skin, as it is a very good con-
ductor of heat.
We sincerely hope the "made-in-the-United States of Amer-
ica" movement has come to stay. Our leading merchants are
showing some of the new spring styles, — the short flare jacket
Avith ripple skirts, and the flaring model with yoke made of
gabardine, serge and broadcloth. The revival of covert cloth
has brought about a return of gray and brown. The full skirt has
come to stay, and we are once more permitted to move with ease
and grace. The waist line is now up and now down. One fashion
book has said the waist-line is mad as a March hare.
Some of the popular colors for spring wear are sand
color. Belgian blue, battle-ship gray, and putty.
The following materials will be used for the summer sea-
CLOTHING LOR THE WOMAN PAST FORTY. 181
son : Foulard in polkadot and check designs ; also crinkley satin,
satin crape, stripped and dotted crape-de-chine, falle — a new
taffeta made in the United States. For sheer cotton materials,
marquesette, voile, net, and soft silks and ratine are appropriate.
Long, close-fitting sleeves made of shadow lace, or other
transparent material, lined with net or chiffon are used for even-
ing wear. The longerie blouse has come to us once more, with
revived popularity. Shoulder yokes of one kind or another are
shown; chiffon composes the bloiise, and satin the deep crushed
(girdle.
When making a silk waist, stitch a crescent-shaped piece of
the same material under the arm. It will wear longer, and when
the outer side wears out, it will look neater than a patch.
To work button holes on lace, place a piece of thin goods
underneath where the button-hole is to be worked, baste in place,
cut the button-hole through the lace and goods after it has been
worked. Cut away the goods so that it will not show. Slip
a piece of pasteboard three or four inches long into the hem
when sewing braid on a dress. You can sew more quickly, and
your stitches will not show on the right side.
REGARDING INSURANCE.
Word has reached this office that unscrupulous life insurance
agents, throughout the state, have been trying to hinder the work
of our Burial Insurance Committees by saying that the Beneficial
Life Insurance Company had sold out to the Metropolitan Life
Insurance Company. All of this is absolutely false.
The Beneficial Life Insurance Company is one of the most
stable institutions in this state, or in the West. It is headed by
President Joseph F. Smith, and the officers are men of known
probity and integrity. Surely, our sisters do not need any further
guarantee of good faith.
If you can be converted to the need of burial insurance, we
invite you to insure with the Relief Society agents, and thus pro-
■*••»* ••-ourself and families in case of your death.
Current Topics.
B\ James H. Anderson.
STATE.
It is to be hoped that, in view of the present food outlook,
the tillers of the soil in this iritermountain region will have a
specially large area of wheat from which to reap an abundant
harvest for 1915. The "wheat number" of the Relief Society
Magazine was a most timely issue, as those can testify who took
the hint therein and garnered a supply of grain before the marked
rise in prices which occurred shortly after that number was is-
sued, and was caused by conditions which few people had foreseen
only a few weeks before.
For several months past the wife of Utah's senior Senator,
Mrs. Allie Smoot, has been seriously ill in Washington, where
her husband has an arduous duty to perform as a leading repre-
sentative of his native state. Sister Smooth's illness is truly re-
grettable, for she has -been a potent factor in aiding her husband
to meet and bear the heavy responsibilities which have rested
upon him, and ever to Utah's credit. The many thousands of her
sisters of the Relief Society will hope earnestly for her speedy
and complete restoration to health.
The development of an Indian trouble in the mountainous
region of southeastern Utah causes deep regret in all parts of
the State. A posse of officers failed to surprise the Indians who
were lying in wait for them, and several persons, most of them
Indians, were killed in the fighting which ensued. Later, efforts
were made to persuade the Indians to submit, and also to give up
the one of their number for whom a warrant of arrest had been
issued on a charge of murder. In dealing with the red men in
early times, when the Indian question was of really great im-
portance in Utah, President Brigham Young insisted on giving
the persuasive treatment first and determined trial, and found
his policy usually crowned with success.
international.
The Russian ukase which forbids the manufacture, sale, or
use of "vodka," or intoxicating liquor, is simple and effective. It
places under the ban all spirituous, vinous or fermented liquors
that carry over five percent of alcohol and are in any form to be
used or converted into a beverage. This eliminates entirely all
CURRENT TOPICS. 183
strong drink, while it permits mild drinks from either grains,
fruits or herbs.
Six months ago, Germany demanded that Italy should join
her in the war. Now, Germany insists that Italy shall remain
neutral. The trend, however, seems to be for Italy ultimately to
enter the war as the direct antagonist of Austria.
"Germany is fighting starvation," is the way some leading
German newspapers describe the present European situation. This
is a state of affairs very different from the popular idea of six
months ago that Germany could subsist for five years with her
internal production of food.
With its earthquakes and floods, Italy has suffered more
severe losses lately than in any of the recent wars in which that
nation has engaged. In this connection, it is notable that now,
for the first time in history, there has been a great war and great
earthquakes and floods in the same vicinity at the same time.
For many decades Great Britain and France have been the
real support of Turkey, on the theory that the latter government
was necessary to the "balance of power" in Europe. Now that it
has attempted to throw the "balance" against those nations, the
Ottoman empire is to them no longer useful as a government of
influence, and it is likely Russia will be given access to the
Alediterranean through the Dardanelles, while the Holy Land
will likely come under Christian influence for the first time in
many centuries. This latter influence, too, has undergone a change
from the former conditions, and is friendly to the Jews, rather
than hostile.
The international discussion over the steamship Lusitania,
an English-owned passenger vessel, using a neutral flag — that of
the United States — to avoid destruction by a German submarine,
has proved a "tempest in a teapot." There was no misuse of the
American flag in this instance, notwithstanding the clamor, since
it is an unbroken international custom for passenger vessels to
protect their non-combatant hurnan cargo in times of emergency
by flying a neutral flag. This was done by American vessels in
the Civil war, and has been done in every war of magnitude where
maritime powers have been engaged. Further, in this instance,
the American passengers on board the Lustitania were strictly
within their rights in demanding the hoisting of the Stars and
Stripes, since they had as much right to protection on a foreign
ship as in a foreign country when that flag is hoisted as a shield to
Americans who may be in danger.
A Prince of Ur.
^3' Homespun.
Ischa was a true child of her fierce Accadian forefathers. The
wild passions that beat at her heart's gateway, were but held in
temporary check through the environment which the upbringing in
Terah's palace had given her. Aided by a thousand temptations
both within and without her own soul, she was just now standing
at the very threshold of her life, and, either for evil or for good —
who holds the issues — self or God — she was to choose, once and
forever.
"Was it not wise for me to stay within?" queried the voice
of Zillah. 'T stood and made the secret signs for thee all through
this long and triumphant interview. If 'twere not for my doing
so, mayhap the lady Sarai had given thee more to think about."
Ischa looked twice at her slave-woman. She both feared and
distrusted her. But so carefully had the slave planned, so cun-
ningly had she wrought upon the emotions and passions of her
mistress that she was not the slave but rather was she mistress.
And so the lady Ischa nodded her head as she called her servants
from the courtyard to attend their evening duties.
"Will your Highness permit the visit of your kinsman
Mardan to communicate his news to thee " so spake the black
woman, Zillah, an hour later as she bowed low before the couch
of the Princess, Sarai.
"News? Of the Petesti?"
"That is not given me to tell thee. Mardan but asks for
audience," replied the slave.
"Then summon the ladies of the household. Ischa, Milcah.
Irit, and lay thou our dutiful salutations before the mother of
our lord Mardon, wise Merab, with notice of this conference."
"'Tis thee he seeks, not the household," said Zillah.
"Then shall we honor him the more with the riches of our
countenance. Edra, quick, call the musicians, give them place in
the upoer gallerv. Give incense freshly to the vases, and flowers
to the bowls. We shall receive our kinsman as befits his rank."
Fireflies touched the outer twilight with occasional light
flashes, while just now the distant temple bells were calling out
insistent reminders of the solemn worship of Ischtar which would
begin when the moon climbed above the low horizon at midnight.
The music began, first with one throbbing note on some delicat°
stringed instrument, a zither perhaps, and the fragile melody was
A PRINCE OF UR. 185
caught and emphasized after a slight pause by the clash of harps,
zithers, kerens, kinnors and cymbals. They beat the soft evening
shades with pulsing melody, first of a twitter as if evening birds
were settling in their river marsh beds. Then, with crashing
single major chords, they filled the whole courtyard with the
bolder tramp of armed men, and this merged again into single
melodies as if the heart were tired of arms and war, and voiced
its silent cry of human pain through the medium of flute and
string. Human voices fluttered in and out of the melodies, so
delicately and subtly merged that one could scarcely tell when harp
began or voice left off.
The trains of stately women who were thus hastily bidden to
Sarai's salon slowly emerged into the open lighted and fragrant
space of the courtyard, two of the maidens claiming quick and
tense attention from the man who had but entered the enclosure.
It was Mardan, and he was both astonished and annoyed to
find that his covert invitation to speak with the head of the
women of Petesi's household should have been bunglingly con-
strued to include the whole harem.
"My Princess," he breathed with sudden emotion choking
his ready utterance, and bowing low before the lady who watched
him with serene countenance, "I am overpowered with thy gracious
presence, and with the favor of these my kinswomen."
The Lady Sarai was indeed as a light in dark places. Others
were tall, she was not noticeable for that alone. Some were gra-
cious, in a land where dignity and grace are as life to all of gentle
blood; but the superb carriage of her queenly head and supple
form affected one as does music, or wine, or sunlight on the
Euphrates River at dawn. There were eyes of others whose
colors matched the royal jacinth; but these were wells of such
'limpid glory that it was sweet just to look within and lose
thought and reason in sheer emotion — whether of pleasure, hope,
love or envy depended on the one who was caught in the net of
charm woven by their translucent depths. The curling hair, now
bound with a scarf of sheer weaving from the looms of Damascus,
shone even through that shroud with blue-black luster and the al-
lurement of the twisted ropes of dusky braids was felt when sight
could not penetrate the wimple's secret. The features were
proudly and finely molded by the finger of the gods who loved
beauty and comeliness in woman. The cheek was sunkissed Rose
of Sharon, while the graciously curved lips were glowing as the
heart of the ripe pomegranate. Each feature was perfect with a
human perfection which cast the veil of fascination about her
whole presence. She was a woman to build kingdoms, or to
destroy men. Those who came into her presence for the first time
were shaken as if a sudden wind or fire had filled their veins.
"The salutations of thy mother," said the beauteous Sarai^
186 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"mingles with the welcome given thee by these my kinswomen."
And as she spoke she indicated with sweeping gesture the others
who were disposed about her person.
"The Lady Ischa is the moon-goddess of comeliness and
grace," and Mardan again salaamed low before that lady who was
eyeing him with visible contempt.
"Ischa's tongue travels straight paths, even if her light be
the reflected one of inferior charm."
The tart tones might have disconcerted the courtier, but he
was on his guard. He turned quietly to the other two slighter
maidens who both accepted his salutations with diffidence and
indifference. The dark elfin eyes of Irit betrayed the enjoyment
she felt in thus sharing the visit which she felt sure was intended
only for the Princess Sarai. But the dove-like gaze of Milcah
rested calmly upon Mardan with the trustful confidence and guile-
lessness of a soul unfitted to struggle with austere or subtle prob-
lems.
"Hast thy news to do with the return of the Petesi, or our
progenitor Terah?" asked Milcah in all simplicity and eager curi-
osity.
Mardan smiled candidly. "Thou hast the divination of the
simple, sweet kinswoman. My news has to do with the return — not
of our father Terah — but with the coming of our kinsman —
Abram — who is — dids't speak — my Princess?" For the bright
color on the cheek of Sarai matched the feverish bloom on the
cheek of her cousin, Isca. But neither had spoken. Mardan
kept his bulbous blue eyes on the radiant countenance of the
Princess Sarai.
"Doth his coming mean so much to thee, my Princess?" he
asked. The question was so shrewdly aimed to catch her in its
toils that Sarai proudly turned her face away, without answering.*
"Abram rode this morn within these walls." Only the
quickened breathing of all the maidens gave answer to this un-
expected news. Then Milcah asked again :
"And is my lord Abram in good health? Comes he here to
stay, or on passing visit, as in twenty years gone by?"
"That thou must question of him. He is here, filled with
crude and primitive ideals, ready to condemn those who differ,
or to crush any who oppose."
If Mardan hoped to prejudice his listeners, he should have
chosen better weapons. The lady Ischa looked contemptuously at
him.
"How gracious and kingly must be the Prince of Ur," she
purred insolently, "to create envy in the breast of the polished
courtier Mardan."
Again on his guard, Mardan assumed an unhappy and down-
cast air as he cast off this thrust.
A PRINCE OF UR. 187
"Abram is a mountain and I a mound; he is favored of God
and man, I make my way with pain and suffering up the eminences
of hfe. Yet have I kept my pity for those who cannot even chmb,
but must drag painfully along life's highway."
The eyes of the Princess Sarai were clouded with the an-
noyance she felt in the ever expressed antagonism of these two,
Mardan and Ischa, who should be friends and good companions.
"Cease," she said quietly, and when her voice first fell upon
the ear all the other charms of face and form were forgotten in
the exquisite melody of her flute-like tones. "This is no time
for difference, nor for strife. Let us at once to the preparation
of the household for the welcome of our guest and long-absent
kinsman."
"Thy zeal hath been forestalled — the cooks are at the fire, the
slaves are in the fields and river, the keepers of the Chests are
already uncovering all the treasures of carpet and loom."
"Thank thee, Mardan, for thy kindly haste. But there be
other things that only women's hands may do to brighten and
beautify these ancient halls. Shall we consider this visit at an
end?" The dismissal was so gently given, the smile which ac-
companied it was so tenderly gracious that Mardan bowed him-
self to the earth, and remained so while the now fluttered cortege
swept into their retreats.
The princess Sarai turned back, hesitatingly, as if drawn by
an impulse of which she was modestly ashamed.
"Asked the prince Abram concerning his kinswomen?" she
queried.
Mardan's face was eloquent of sympathy as he made answer,
"The Prince made courteous inquiry of all the ladies of the
harem but spoke no one's name save that of my mother, gracious
lady."
The princess was now on her guard, against the betrayal of
whatever maidenly curiosity she may have felt. She was a princess,
as well as a woman. So she parried lightly.
"The Prince Abram will have much to do. He is needed in
this unhappy palace and city. His may be the hand to crush out
this monstrous pagan idolatry."
"The Prince loves his own ambition well enough to seek fame
and fortiuie at any costs. He has the bravery of exploitation, and
the daring of covetousness."
The lady looked at the frank and bland face of her handsome
kinsman with a somewhat puzzled gaze. This was a new aspect
of this cautious and courteous smiling cousin of hers. _He was
wont to praise all men. Why now should he accuse? His praise
was too often glaring in its crude crass extreme. But why
should he now speak with acid tongue. Was the Prince Abram
already proven false and untrue?
188 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"My lady Sarai, I have words to say in thine ear that must
be conveyed to thee throug-h the lips of my mother. For thou art
so pure and so exalted in thy spirit and character that only in the
guarded manner of our ancestors might I dare to express the
ardor of my sentiments. May my mother seek thee on the mor-
row?"
Sarai was touched to the heart. The delicacy of such an
evident appeal to the dearest traditions of their Semite race con-
cerning the sacred rites of courtship melted her as no other appeal
could have done. Her eyes shone with so much lustrous approval
that Mardan had much ado in controlling himself to keep within
the pales of his own discreet resolution.
"Your mother shall receive audience from me in good time,
my dear kinsman, and I shall gladly seek her for that counsel and
trust. But let me rest, kinsman Mardan, for some days, nay
weeks ; there is so much of graver moment that I shall have no
time or pleasure in the contemplation of mine own affairs."
With a brilliant smile, the lady swept onward with that half-
gliding, half springing step that again centered the attention of
all near her as if there were both an inward grace of allurement
and an outer strength of purpose which combined to focus all eyes
upon her when present and which made all places seem vacant and
dim when her gleaming presence was withdrawn.
Mardan stood wrapt in emotion as he watched Sarai disappear,
followed by the soft-moving crowd of ladies-in-attendance who
made up her court.
"There must be no meeting between the Prince of Ur and the
Lady Sarai till the presence of Terah and Nimrod fasten my claim
to her. I have the promise of Terah.. Nimrod must be won." So
spoke Mardan to Zillah. who had lingered behind the cortege.
"Abram — Sarai? Zillah shall cast the augurs," replied the
black princess, moodily, yet firmly, as she withdrew to carry out
her supersitious purpuse.
(To Be Continued.)
'Tf you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with Kings — nor lose the common touch,
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you,
If all men count with you, but none too much :
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds' worth of distance rtm.
Yours is the Earth and everything that's in it,
And — which is more — you'll be a Man. my son !"
From Rewards and Fairies — Rudyard Kipling.
Early Development of the Textile Art.
Rose H. Widtsoe.
THE EVOLUTION OF SPINNING AND WEAVING.
Perhaps nowhere in Hterature do we get a more satisfying
picture of ideal home life than is described by Longfellow. He
portrays the entire family seated around the great, open fire-place,
the father reading alound out of the family Bible, the mother
or an older daughter, accompanying the reading with the gentle
whirr of the spinning wheel.
Unfortunately, the poetic side of primitive home industries
is only half the story. Contrasting strongly with homes where
this very slow, arduous work was done under pleasant condi-
tions, we have facts which picture to us the hut where the weaver's
family lived and worked, without conveniences, without good
air, without satisfying food, and without much intelligence.
Drunkenness and theft made many homes the scenes of crimes and
want and disorder. Superstition ruled the workers. If a cer-
tain member of a family, endowed with more virtue and intel-
ligence than the others, tried so to conduct himself as to secure
at least self-respect, he was either abused or ostracised bv his
family and by his neighbors. The reports of the Poor Laws
Commissioners of England are truer exponents of the actual con-
ditions existing among people who depended upon these slow
hand-industries for a livelihood, than any other authority; and
they show the demoralizing agency of pauperism and of all the
evils which were so prolific under the hand-system of work.
The art of spinning and weaving were very slow in their
evolution. History has never discovered the beginnings of these
two industries. We are convinced by means of relics and un-
written history that these industries were in existence many
years before Christ. The spinning wheel is supposed to have
been introduced into Europe about 1530, and from time to time,
little changes were made which improved it. The loom of the
eighteenth century did not differ greatly from that of the tenth
century, and the spinning wheel of 1830 was still in use.
Spinning is the process whereby fibers are combined in such
a manner that they produce a continuous thread. The simplest
method of making a thread is to draw out of a clump of v^ool
or other material a small amount of the fiber, twisting it as it is
drawn. The thread thus drawn is then wound on a stone or other
convenient object. It was gradually discovered that if the thread
were fastened to the stone and the whole twirled, the thread
190 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
could be twisted faster, and one hand would be left free to draw
the fibers out from the mass. Among ancient relics, sticks, or
spindles, as they are called, are found with a slit or hook at
the end in which the thread was caught. The spinner, holding her
wool in one hand, drew out a twist of fiber and fastened it to
the hook in the end of her spindle which she then rubbed be-
tween her palm and her hip, causing it to revolve rapidly. She
then dropped the spindle, and with her free hand regulated the
amount of fiber it should draw out. Soon it was discovered that
a full spindle revolved better than an empty one, so a disc of
clay or wood, called a whort, was attached. This simple tool was
used in all parts of the world for many centuries.
The next step in the evolution of the spinning wheel was the
addition of a simple device to hold the unspun fibers, a stick
called a distaff, which could be slipped into the belt or held under
the arm, thus leaving both hands free to manage the thread. Not
for several hundred years was the spinning wheel mvented . This
combined the spindle and the distaff in one machine, which had a
large wheel, turned sometimes by a foot-treadle, sometimes by
hand. The wheel was connected by a string acting as a belt, with
the spindle, which in this case was placed in a horizontal position.
In the end of the bench which holds the wheel and spindle, and
just above the latter, was the distaff on which the raw fiber was
placed. The spinner stood or sat before the wheel and with skilful
fingers drew the fiber out into a fine thread. In Colonial days,
every household had its spinning wheel, and the daughters of the
family were eagerly taught to spin. Amongst our own pioneers,
the spinning wheel was a common possession.
In the early days, in Europe and in our own country, linen
and woolen were the fibers most used. Cotton is much more
difficult to spin by hand than Hnen or wool. Cotton was not
generally used in this country until a much later date. The
Hindu, however, has used cotton for hundreds of years, and still
spins the finest yarns without a spindle. To show how expert the
spinner might become, it is "stated that in England one pound of
cotton fiber was spun into one hundred and sixty-seven miles
of yarn ; but it was impossible to weave it.
To prepare wool for hand spinning, the mass of fibers was
untangled by cards, which were made of wires set into wood
or more often leather, and were used like brushes.
By the old method, the wool was often grown, sheared,
washed, carded, and spun by one household. By the modern
machine method, the long series of processes is carried on by many
different machines. The mill that spins the yarn may be far
removed from that which weaves it into cloth and still another
may bleach and dye it.
Flax was more difficult to prepare. The woody fiber sur-
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEXTILE ART. 191
rounding the flax had to be removed by a process of rotting or
wetting in water, then breaking and combing. Although the
method has been improved, the principles were the same as used
at the present time.
The Hindu method of separating the seed from the cotton
fiber is interesting. The cotton gin consists of two teak wood rol-
lers, fluted longitudinally, revolving nearly in contact, much like
the modern clothes wringer. The cotton fiber is put at one side
and drawn through by the revolving rollers, which leave the seed
behind. The next process, ca,lled bowing, consists in cleaning the
cotton by means of a long bow, made elastic by a complication of
strings. This bow is laid on top of a pile of fiber, then struck
with a mallet, and the vibration jars the dirt out of the cotton
and also opens the knots. After bowing, the yarn is spun with-
out carding.
Weaving is the process of interlacing two sets of parallel
threads at right angles to each other, to produce cloth. The art of
weaving has gone through an evolution similar to that of spinning.
As in spinning, so in weaving, the early stages of its develop-
ment are lost in past ages. The intertwining of the branches of
trees may have suggested weaving in more branches, to form
shelter, or tree huts. The rushes from the river bank may have
become entangled and suggested the weaving of mats ; whatever
their source, slowly the suggestions developed and grew in the
mind of man, until eventually woven cloth was the result. What
a wonderful accomplishment in the growing civilization of man I
The implements necessary to supplement the skill of human hands
were few and simple in the beginning of this art. Pictures on
the walls of ancient Egypt show a very simple arrangement of
threads stretched between two bars. Two weavers worked at
one loom, which was too wide for one to reach across, and no
shuttle was used. The threads woven in were only as long as
the width of the loom, and thus a fringe was formed on each side.
The early Greek woman stretched lengthwise her threads or warp
between two bars, and stood before them interweaving the weft of
her beautiful tapestry with painstaking care.
The Navajo Indian loom furnishes the simplest type of loom
at the present time. It consists of two poles between which the
warp is stretched, one pole being fastened to the limb of a tree
or to the top of two uprights set in the ground, while the other
is fastened to the ground. The weaver sits on the ground in front
of her loom, and, beginning at the bottom, works in her differently
colored yarns, with the assistance of a shuttle. Alternate threads
of the warp are fastened by a cord to a rod which, when raised,
makes an opening for her filling thread. The rod is called the
heald, the opening the shed. The shed for the next filling thread
is opened by a stick which passes between alternate threads of
192 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the warp ; a' heavy stick serves as a batten to beat the fiHing threads
together. As she progresses with her blanket, the weaver rolls it
up on the lower rod, and the top is lowered. As is the case with
most primitive weaving, the cloth is woven the size desired and
there is no cutting.
Step by step, devices have been added to the loom ; originally,
the threads were beaten into place by a stick called the batten,
then a rude comb was used. Finally, came the reed, a device
much like the comb, but consisting of a frame, or lay, which might
be swung back and forth to beat the threads into place. The
heddle replaced the heald rod and consisted of a frame of wooden
rods with a hole in each, one thread going through the hole, the
next through the space between the bars. Alternate threads, by
means of this implement, could first be raised above to pass
through ; then pushed below the others making a different shed.
Thus, with one device, plain weaving could be accomplished.
•The modern harness performs the same function, but two
harnesses are used to accomplish the work of the heald, each being
raised in turn. The harness consists of a frame in which wdres
are strung, each wire having a loop in the center for the thread to
pass through. The warp threads are put through two harnesses
alternating, first one then the other; thus where one harness is
raised half the warp is raised ; with the other harness, the other
half of the wrap. By having more than two harnesses and varying
the threading of the warp, different weaves such as the twill
weaves, sateen weaves, etc., can be made.
For hundreds of years these crude implements were used for
spinning and weaving. It was not until the middle of the
eighteenth century that a great industrial revolution took place.
It was in connection with the cotton trade that new life came to
spinning and weaving. A series of remarkable inventions for
manufacturing cotton cloth by machinery, revolutionized the whole
textile industry as their use spread to wool, flax, and silk.
Thus have the arts of spinning and weaving developed from
a fire-side industry to one of the greatest manufacturing industries
of our time.
AN OUTDOOR FIREPLACE.
An old galvanized tub, turned upside down, and with a hole
cut in its bottom to suit the kind of boiler to be used, makes an
ideal outdoor fireplace for washdays. A small half circle is cut
out, on the upper side, at the back, for the smoke, and another is
cut in the lower side, at the front, for putting in fuel, and for
draft. — Contributed by Mrs. Julia Bertelsman, San Angelo, Texas.
The "Word of Wisdom."
By Maud Baggarley.
One of the most remarkable revelations ever given to man.
is the "Word of Wisdom."
A revelation that contains a universal appeal, which means
that it will live, and its power and influence increases as the cen-
turies come and go.
To one who observes the suggestions contained therein,
great blessings are promised.
To the physician and the thinker the "Word of Wisdom"
must be a never failing source of wonder. The modern physician
has felt the unknown lever, and unconsciously prescribes an ob-
servance of the "Word of Wisdom" to his patients, as a cure for
disease. Athletes have always obeyed its teachings, for those
God-given laws of health are laws of reason.
Very likely every disease known to man might be directly
traced to its non-observance. Yet, like other great mandates of
the Almighty, we may accept or reject it; there is nothing com-
pulsory about it.
Since books, magazines and newspapers have become so
plentiful and cheap, people have become better informed concern-
ing many hithertO' unknown subjects. Therefore, the average
person knows that the various articles prohibited by the word of
the Lord, such as tea, coflFee, meat and alcoholic drinks, are harm-
ful, and in most cases positively injurious. Tea is a universal
antidote for poisons, especially arsenic, because of the tannic acid
it contains. The principal constituent of cofifee, is caffeine, a
powerful heart-stimulant which is given in cases of severe poison-
ing, when life is in grave danger, also in cases of shock. It has
other uses as a medicine. Ordinarily, it is the cause of many
systematic disturbances especially of the functiorfs of the heart
and brain, and coffee-drinking, as a habit, ranks with the tobacco
habit.
Tobacco contains a deadly drug called nicotine and in time
undermines the character and morals of those addicted to its use.
Grains, vegetables and fruits have great and beneficial me-
dicinal value, besides containing the proper elements to support
life.
Meat, which the revelation says should be eaten sparingly,
preferably in times of famine and excessive hunger, or during
the winter season, is probably the direct cause of about two-thirds
of the ills man is heir to. It causes constipation, bad temper,
and rheumatism, beside other diseases — the most dreaded known
to science.
194 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Human beings may contract tuberculosis not only; from
cows, but probably from pork as well. Cows having tuberculosis
in a stage where there are pus formations in their bodies, are
killed in order that the milk and butter may not be a source of in-
fection to man, and the flesh is sold by the butchers and served on
your table — and mine !
Both cows and hogs are unclean with disease, and are sub-
ject to frequent injections of serums to test their freedom from
certain diseases, or to prevent them. A collection of government
bulletins concerning diseases of cows, sheep, and hogs are a
nauseous surprise to the meat eater. Hogs are subject to cholera
and tuberculosis. Perhaps half the hogs killed are suffering from
the great scourge. Meat-eating is a universal habit among many
of the peoples of the earth who also die — perhaps as a direct result
— of consumption.
To him who eats grains, vegetables and fruit, who eats meat
sparingly and uses only mild drinks — and surely pure cold water
is the nectar of the Gods — the Lord has promised health, and
has said: that he shall find wisdom, and great treasures of knowl-
edge even hidden treasures ; and shall run and not be weary, and
shall walk and not faint. And above all, that the destroying angel
shall pass him by.
And most wonderful of all, these promises were not given
alone to those great souls who "sit in the seats of the mightv,'" but
also to the humblest and weakest Saint who walks the earth.
It seems impossible that any intelligent person could read the
"Word of Wisdom" without feeling the thrill of testimony that
bears witness to its holy and divine origin.
LISTEN! READ! REMEMBER!
Complaints reach this office of subscribers who fail to get
their Magazines. If our good friends will remember the follow-
ing rules, a good deal of this trouble can be avoided.
Head every letter with the address of the writer.
Spell out first name.
Add Mrs. or Miss to name.
In changing address, give both the old address and the new
one.
Send complete post office address.
If there is any R. F. D. number or box number, be sure and
send it to us.
Notes from the Field.
RELIEF SOCIETY STAKE CONFERENCES.
The Relief Society will hold stake conferences this year dur-
ing- the months of May, June, and November, in accordance
with the plan outlined by the Correlation Committee, and approved
by the authorities of the Church.
The conferences in May, June, and July will be held in con-
nection with the stake quarterly conferences, and will be for the
following stakes: Albert. Bannock, Bear Lake, Bear River,
Beaver, Benson, Big Horn, Bingham, Blackfoot, Boise, Cassia,
Cottonwood, Deseret, Duchesne, Emery, Fremont, Hyrum, Juab,
Kanab. Malad, Maricopa, Millard, Moapa, Morgan, North San-
pete-, Ogden, Oneida, Panguitch, Pocatello, Rigby, Saint George,
Saint Johns, Saint Joseph, San Juan, San Luis, Sevier, Shelley,
Snowflake, South Sanpete, Star Valley, Summit, Taylor, Teton,
Tooele, Uintah, Union, Wasatch, Wayne, Woodruff, Yellowstone,
Young.
The conferences in November will not be held in connection
with the stake quarterly conferences. They will be for the fol-
folowing stakes: Alpine, Box Elder, Cache, Davis, Ensign,
Granite, Jordan. Bear River, Liberty, North Weber, Ogden,
Pioneer, Salt Lake, Utah, Weber, Neb.
Carbon Stake Conference was held this year in March.
Program for 1915, Stake Conferences:
First Session.
Public Session, Saturday 2 :00 P. M.
Conjoint meeting of Relief Society and Primary Association.
As this is a session of the stake quarterly conference, the
meeting will be held under the direction of the stake authorities.
Address — "Place and Work of the Relief Society," by repre-
sentative of the General Board of the Relief Society.
Address — "Pioneer Work," representative of the General Board
of Primary.
Remarks :
Second Session.
Business Meeting. Saturday 4:30 or 7:30 P. M.
Note: Hour to be decided by the Stake Board. ■
Roll Call.
iVO
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Report of Stake by Stake President.
Report of Relief Society activities by Stake officers or by
chairman of Committees.
Discussion.
Third Session.
Officers' Meeting. Sunday, 9 :00 A. M.
GENERAL CONFERENCE.
The Annual April Conference of the Relief Society will be
held in this city, on April 2nd and 3rd (Friday and Saturday).
On Friday, April 2nd, two public meetings will be held in
the Salt Lake Assembly Hall at 10:00 a. m., and at 2 :00 p. m.
On Friday evening, there will be a musicale given by the
General Choir Leader and her associates under the auspices of the
General Musical Committee on the 4th floor of the Bishop's Build-
ing, at which light refreshments will be served, and an oppor-
tunity given for the General Board to meet their many friends and
sisters throughout the Church, who may come to the General Con-
ference.
The meetings on Saturday will be for officers only, and will
be held on the 4th floor of the Bishop's Building. These meet-
ingwill be held at 1 :C0 p. m., and 2 : :00 p. m., and will be devoted
to business and departmental work.
On Saturday, therefore, there will be ample opportunity for
our visiting officers to learn more concerning their Lesson Work,
Insurance, etc.. while secretaries and treasurers may receive
special instruction also.
A. Glimpse of BeaHtiful Home Conditions in
One of Salt Lake's Choice Residence
Sections, Highland Park.
NOTES FROM THE FIELD. . 197
UTAH STAKE HOME IMPROVEMENT CONTEST.
In connection with the work outlined in the Guide for Home
Ethics and Gardening, for the year 1914, the committee of the
Utah ReHef Society Stake board, in charge of this division, con-
ducted a Home Improvement Contest.
First, second, and third prizes were offered to the three homes
in each ward, showing the greatest improvement between April
1 and Sept. 1, 1914. The ward having the highest percentage
of improved homes received a special prize of $25 which was
given to the Ward ReHef Society organization.
The ReHef Society Civic Committee in each ward canvassed
homes in the spring, urging aH to enter the contest. The eight
wards of Provo entered, and five hundred and sixty homes were
placed on the list. Of these four hundred remained in the contest
during the entire season, and some very marked improvements in
home grounds and surroundings were made.
Three competent judges were selected for each ward, and
they carefully canvassed their respective districts three times dur-
ing the season.
The following points were considered in making up the per-
centages :
Cleanliness .' 25'/o
Arrangement 15%
Planting and growth of grass, trees, shrubs, vegetables,
flowers, etc 30%
Conditions of fences and out-buildings 10%
Production from garden, flowers 20%
This contest aroused considerable interest among the ci'.izens
of Provo in general. The business men contributed liberally to the
prize fund of $170 which was distributed among the contestants in
the various wards.
LIFE'S PURPOSE.
"But what if I fail of my purpose here?
It is but to keep the nerves at strain.
To dry one's eyes and laugh at a fall.
And, baffled, get up and begin again."
Robert Brozvnin^.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. vVilliams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddington
Irs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor SusA Young Gates
Business Manager Janette A. Hyok
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II. APRIL, 1915. . No. 4.
THE SCOPE OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY.
The Power Who can measure the heights of love, the breadth
of of charity, or sound the depths of knowledge?
Organized He only who created the universe. And He alone
Woman- may compute the majesty and the power of the
hood. Society which was established in Nauvoo, March
17, 1842. The scope of our work, the possibilities
of our development, are bounded only by woman's capacities
and woman's eventualities. The Relief Society is as broad as
eternity, as far-reaching as love. Any woman of excellent
character may achieve membership in the Society. While all
that is true, all that is beautiful, all hope, faith and irercy ar2
enclosed within its boundaries.
All Women Many women in the world, in pagan as well as
Searching in Christian lands, have felt the impetus of the
for Light, key of light and progress turned for women by
the Prophet Joseph Smith, in Nauvoo, April 28,
1842. These earnest women have been and are reaching out
for truth, for light, and for beauty. They have organized
themselves into associations and clubs for educational, mu-
EDITORIAL. 199
sical, patriotic, agricultural, artistic, literary, and general cul-
tural purposes. Lacking the gifts and blessings of the gospel,
they still have much that is good, true, and beautiful.
A Strong In common, with others, we too have felt the
Attraction, attraction of this organized movement for so-
called "uplift" among the woman of the world,
and have joined hands with them across the mountains and
across the seas. We have received some light and help from
this contact, and we have also given much in return. There
are many praiseworthy things in the Councils and Clubs that
cover the social world outside this Church ; and although some
economic students criticise the club movement severely, we ac-
cord to all women who are struggling upward our mead of
praise and encouragement.
The Scope The women of this Church have a wonderful op-
o£ our Work portunity just now to open up new channels of
is Limitless, activity, wider fields of opportunity in the
boundaries of this Society. There are no limi-
tations to our possible growth and development. • We find
admirable truth germs in the literary studies carried on in
some clubs; we discover elements of rare joy in the art les-
sons given by some other club ; while the patriotic societies,
both at home and abroad, certainly are doing a good work
in fostering a love for history and genealogy among their
members.
Then why not open up in the Relief Society all of these
avenues of culture and education, by establishing depart-
ments for the study of all these truths and beauties oj- life and
nature?
This Society possesses the principles of light, hope, and
education for women — let us go to, and develop those powers
into a perfected and divinely appointed whole — a Society
which will be an auxiliary indeed to the priesthood of the
Church of Christ.
Note : The illustrations for this month are from photo-
graphs, kindly furnished by Kimball and Richards Company of
this city.
The Circular printed in the March number is now bound up
separately, with names and addresses of the General Board and
Stake Presidents added, and is on sale at Headquarters ; price 10
cents.
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Second Week.
Lesson II — Baptism.
(a) The initial ceremony of the Church.
(b) A subject of controversy.
(c) The Savior's example.
• (d) A universal requirement.
(e) Little children exempt.
(f) Early Christian views.
1. What is the third principle of the Gospel?
2. Let some convert from another church describe the mode of
baptism practiced in that church.
3. What do you think of sprinkling as a form of baptism?
4. What was the Savior's attitude towards baptism?
5. Whv should baptism be universal in its application to man-
kind?
6. What can you say of infant baptism?
7. About when did the Catholic church change the mode of
baptism
The Initial Ceremony. — As faith is the first principle of
the Gospel of Christ, so baptism is the initial ceremony. Bap-
tism is twofold, corresponding to the soul, its subject, which
is both spiritual, and temporal. It signifies for that soul re-
birth and illumination.
"Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom
of God."
''Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he can-
not enter into the kingdom of God" (John 3 :3, 5).
So said the King of that kingdom, the only One empow-
ered to prescribe conditions upon which men might become
GUIDE LESSONS. 201
his subjects, or his fellow citizens, in that heavenly common-
wealth where he shines first and formost among the sons of
God.
A Subject of Controversy. — "Except a man be born of
water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter, into the kingdom of
God." Probably no theme connected with the gospel of Christ
has caused more controversy than this positive and important
declaration, the meaning of which, however plain to Christians
anciently, has been a mater of uncertainty to their successors
all down the centuries. From the days of the early Greek
fathers of the Christian Church, to the days of St. Augustine,
the great theologian of the Western or Roman Catholic divi-
sion of that church ; from his time to the time of Luther and
Calvin, and thence on into the present age, men have dis-
puted over the significance of those sacred words, over the
mystical birth of water and of spirit, declared by the world's
Redeemer to be the doorway to his Church, the portal of ad-
mittance into his kingdom.
What is Baptism? — Over the general meaning of the
phrase, "born of water and of the Spirit," there may have been
no serious contention. In all or most of the Christian denom-
inations. Catholic and Protesant, that phrase means baptism,
the ordinance whereby a person is initiated into the Church.
But what does baptism mean? That is the problem. The
significance, form, purpose, and effects of the ordinance, and
whether or not it is necessary to salvation — these questions
have furnished the backbone of the controversy. And yet they
are questions easily answered, problems readily solved, if we
take the Holy Spirit for our guide, and wrest not the Scrip-
tures.
The Savior's Example. — The New Testament teaches
plainly the necessity of baptism. The words of Jesus, already
quoted, may be reinforced by the following passages :
"Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto John, to
be baptized of him.
"But John forbade Him, saying, I have need to be bap-
tized of thee, and comest thou to me?
"And Jesus, answering, said unto him : Suffer it to be so
now. for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then
he suffered him."— (Matthew 3:13-15.)
A Universal Requirement. — If it was becoming in the Son
of God to be baptized, it is becoming in all who follow in his
footsteps and hope to be with him hereafter. They must be
baptized with the baptism that he was baptized with — not
only the baptism of suffering, through which "the captain of
202 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
our salvation" was "made perfect," but the baptism of water
and of spirit, received by him at the River Jordan, nineteen
centuries ago.
To Fulfil All Righteousness. — True, baptism is "for the
remission of sins" (Mark 1:4; Acts 2:38); and Jesus "grew
up without sin unto salvation." Hence, there was no sin in
him to remit. Why, then, was he baptized? John saw this
point when Jesus presented himself for baptism : "I have need
to be baptized of thee, and comest thou to me?" While we
cannot impute sin to the sinless, and say that Jesus was bap-
tized, like an ordinary man, for the remission of his sins, we
can and should take him at his word, that it was becoming in
him, and is becoming in us, to be baptized, in order "to fulfil
all righteousness."
Little Children Exempt. — The only class exempt are in-
fants, or children young enough to be without sin. Obviously
they cannot repent, and are therefore not fit subjects for bap-
tism. Jesus said : "Suffer the little children to come unto me,
and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of heaven."
Again : "Except ye humble yourselves and become as this
little child, ye shall in no wise enter the kingdom of heaven."
This shows not only that little children are sinless, but that
they are types of the innocence and purity required of men and
women, who, because not sinless, must be baptized and have
their sins remitted, before they can enter into that kingdom
where no sin, no uncleanness, can come. For this cause — that
men and women must "become as little children" before enter-
ing there — baptism, the doorway, is compared to a birth, the
entry of an infant into life. For this reason also, converts to
Christ in ancient times were referred to as "new-born babes."
(See Moroni 8:8-19, 22.)
Full explanation in regard to this topic and subdivisions
thereof will be found in Gospel Themes, by O. F. Whitney. See
also Compendium, Ready References, and Talmage's Articles of
Faith.
Genealogy.
Third Week.
Lesson III — Family Group Fortm.
We present here the family group form as taught by the
Genealogical Society of Utah, and as practiced by American
students of genealogy.
Last month, the students were instructed to gather up all
possible data about themselves and their families. Let them now
arrange this information according to the following plan:
GUIDE LESSOXS.
203
Note. Numbering and relationship will be taken up in
future lessons.
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204 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
. Home Ethics and Art.
ETHICS.
Lesson IV — Truth.
Truth is the perception of things just as they are. Between
truth and falsehood, there is no middle ground.
"We owe truth to all normal people, and under all normal
circumstances." In sickness, or other abnormal conditions, there
may be justification, and even wisdom in withholding the truth.
Fortunately, these conditions or occasions do not often arise.
Truth is honesty and accuracy, expressed in word or ac-
tion.
Honesty of purpose should be the fundamental principle in
word, thought, and deed.
Habits of truthfulness establish feelings of confidence and
security.
Without confidence in one another, we could not maintain
social and civilized conditions.
Compare the respect for the truthful person with the con-
tempt we feel for the one who deceives.
It is sometimes a fine test of courage to be able to speak the
truth. But to cover a fault with falsehood is mean and con-
temptible.
Careless thinking and undisciplined observation are responsi-
ble for many apparent falsehoods. Also, there are persons who let
their vivid imaginations "color" their statements, and in that way
they depart from the truth. The habit of exaggeration is at
least a mild departure from truth. But worse than all these
mistakes of carelessness, parents sometimes willfully make mis-
statements to their children. Mothers have been known to tell
their children they were not going away, and immediately after,
"sneak off." Could a more emphatic lesson in fasehood and de-
ception be given? And, too, at such an impressionable age. It is
never too late to correct evil habits of any kind, but good habits
formed early in life bring large returns in happiness.
Children should be taught very early to see things just as
they are, or, in other words, to get a true perception, and then
to relate with accuracy what they have seen.
In childhood, the imagination is very active, and often on
this account, children tell very wonderful stories. They should not
be punished for this, because that very imagination may be a
sign of superior mentality. But with gentleness, patience, and
perseverance, the child may be taught the difference between
GUIDE LESSONS. 205
stories of imagination and the accurate statement of facts. Also,
he may be taught the value of truth and the respect which it
commands.
Children sometimes knowingly and wilfully tell what is not
true, because they realize they have done wrong or have met with
accident, and wish to shield themselves from punishment. In
brief, they falsify, because they are afraid. It is very important
to teach such a child the value of courage as well as truthfulness.
Wtvy few children intentionally do wrong; and when they
make mistakes, or do what in our eyes seems reprehensible, we
should seek the cause which is behind the action. Above all
things, we should never doubt a child's word until we are really
obhged to. Many children are highly sensitive as to the opinion
of their elders, and are deeply and unforgettably wounded when
their word is doubted.
Besides, belief in people often helps them to be better.
Truthfulness is a most important factor in family, social,
and business life: and what a valuable assest to any community
is the man whose "word is as good as his bond."
He who speaks truthfully will strive to live honestly, and
rejoice that there are no false actions to conceal.
We all desire to know the truth ; therefore, it is discourteous
and unethical to use deception towards others.
QUESTIONS,
What is truth?
Give another definition, please.
Name some of the advantages arising from habits of truth-
fulness.
Some disadvantages of the opposite course.
Name some of the fine qualities of character developed by
truthfulness.
What qualities in children may lead into false speaking?
How should they be corrected?
Do parents sometimes unconsciously or thoughtlessly teach
deception ?
Should we not always give children and friends the benefit
of the doubt?
What eflfect may believing the best of people have upon them ?
Is there such a thing as a "white lie"?
Are there any occasions on which departure from the truth
is justifiable?
If you know of such instances, relate some.
Commit some memory gems on the subject, and read fre-
quently John Jaques' hymn, in the L. D. S. Hymn Book, "Oh, Say
What is Truth," etc.
206 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
QUOTATIONS.
"Oh, what a tangled web we weave,
When first we practice to deceive." — Scott.
— for truth is truth to the end of reckoningf.-
Shakcspcare.
"He is the freeman whom the truth makes free.
And all are slaves beside." — Cowper.
Hymn in the L. D. S. Hymn Book, "Oh Say What is Truth,"
etc. — John Jaques.
ART.
"Man is that he might have joy." Book of Alormon. De-
votees and Their Shrines, pp. 20 to 35.
(a) Who assisted in the design of the Salt Lake Theatre?
What other work was done by E. L. T. Harrison Tell a tragedy
that occurred in his life.
(b) Who painted the scenery in the Salt Lake Theatre?
Tell something of the life history of George M. Ottinger. Visit
his studio if possible and tell about it. Show some of his pictures.
(c) Give a sketch of Dan Weggeland. Show one of his
pictures, if possible. The cut on nage ^8 is excellent, though the
wonderful blues used in the original painting are of course lost
in the illustration. How many of his pictures have you seen in
the temples? Try to visit at least one temple to look at his wqrj?
there before the year is gone. * Make a report of it in the art lei-
son.
(d) Tell the sad story of Q„ C. A. Christensen. Whem
were his happiest days spent? Wljere is his work to be seein?,
Classes in Sanpete, Salt Lake and cantinguous stakes might visit
his work or have it to exhibit to the' Relief Society meeting.
(e) What do you think of Pjiscilla P. Jennings' ideas of
architecture and the home? What lias been the influence of the
Youngs, Staines, Folsoms and Jennings in Salt Lake? What
families have led out in making beautiful homes and gardens
near vou?
Words by S. Y. G.
Moderato.
Spring.
Music by B. Cecil Gates.
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Spring is in the can-yon, 0 spring, 0 spring, The
But - ter - cups are growing, 0 spring, 0 spring, Down
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The
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sky is bright and fair,
in the low - ly vale,
0 spring,
0 spring.
spring,
spring,
vi - 0 - lets are pouring Their incense on the air, Red
children search the hillside For se-go lil-lies pale, 0
W-
p;^d=^:
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wild vi - 0 - lets are pouring Their in-cense — Red
The children search the hillside. For lilies pale, 0
,^^
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I 1
2C8 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Indian bells in glory, Bedeck the sagebrush hills, The
love is at the fuUtide, And birds are on the wing. Sweet
vlS—L — J 1 ^— r-, ^— r-i— ^— ^ •— c=i
»i> 9^ « # fW — I — I 1 — I hi^ 1
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bells
love..
Be - deck
And birds
-«'T-
the
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hills. The
wing. Sweet
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Hi
streamlet's rushing story
hope is at the floodtide,
■ I I I I
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sto - ry Is whispered by the rills.
hope. And life is at the spring.
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Sing la la la la for springtime, Hear the meadow lark sing, and
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la la la la, for joy - time sweet spring - time — Spring.
mt.
-e-'-
p. W.Dunyon Co.
502 Templeton Bldg.
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
Send to us foi our catalog
and free samples of
Approved Knitted Garment
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We Sell Everything by Mail
Joseph J. Daynes
Professional Tuner and
Voicer of the Piano
Worn Out Pianos rebuilt. Write for
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side of Salt Lake City
"^Phone, IVas. 6577
38 D ST., SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
— — INCORPORATED ^
SALT LAKE CITY -UTAH
The shoe store for the whole family— and
every pair of shoes a "Money Back" quality.
SALT LAKE'S LARGEST AND
FINEST SHOE STORE
Scrace's Bakery and Cafe
Fresh Bread, Cakes and Pastry Daily
Headquarters for Relief Society Visitors.
A Good Place to Eat.
E. L. SAUNDERS. Proprietor
Peone Wasatch 1230
24 South Main Street
All Relief Society Mem-
bers who study the Art lessons
in the guide, need.
Devotees and
Their Shrines
to prepare their lessons.
Send to this magazine headquarters or
Alice Merrill Home, 4 Ostler Court, Salt
Lake City.
Price $1.25 postpaid. 120 illustrations
When WE Make Your Por-
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Style, Excellence and
Satisfaction
The Thomas
Studio
Phone Was. 3491 44MainSt.
What is Home
Without
THE
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McCONAHAY'S Stock of Cameos said to be one
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We welcome the chance McCONAHAY
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$1.00 to $300.
THE JEWELER
64 Main Street
Salt Lake City
W. N. Williams, Supt. R. N. Wilson, Asst. Supt.
Clarissa S. Williams, Sec'y and Treas.
GUARANTEED FURNITURE AT
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Our magnificent stock comprises goods from America's
most representative lines and our prices are always reasonable
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Home Furnishings of all descriptions for
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CO-OP FURNITURE CO.
Next Door South of Z. C. M. I.
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Waiatch 207 67 E. South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
THE HOME PIANO
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Attractive in case design— beautiful in finish
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to the most exacting musician. 1000 homes
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these world-wide favorites. Let YOUR
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"OLDER THAN THE STATE OF UTAH'
The master skill of our Famous
Danish Butter Makers contributes much
toward the general superiority o£ Jen-
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Four-in-One Butter.
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
HOME OFFICE:
VERMONT BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
THE I
UTAH STATE
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SAtT LAKE CITY
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IT is the purpose
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helpful service and
make the handling
of your banking
business siiisfactory and pleasant.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK
Your Account is Cordialljr Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH. Pres.
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
tive and moderate-priced articles
for rent or purchase, for use in
the Temple, should apply to
Relief Society Headquarters,
Room 29, Bishop's Bldg.
HOME VISITORS'
EXCURSIONS EAST
DECEMBER 19 and 22, 1914
Following low round trip fares will prevail
from Salt Lake City :
Denver or Colorado Springs $22.50
Omaha or Kansas City 40.00
Memphis 59.85
Chicago 59.72
St. Paul or Minneapolis 53.86
Proportionately low rates from other points on
the Oregon Short Line to the foregoing and
many other points.
See agents for particulars.
CITY TICKET OFFICE
HOTEL UTAH
SALT LAKE CITY
a:
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u.
a:
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UTAH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
Mothers, educate your daughters — and sons — to become invaluable
assets to the State and to the Nation.
Girls, prepare yourselves for ideal wives and mothers, by securing
an education in Housekeeping and Home-making at The Agricultural
College of the State of Utah.
Vol. II
MAY, 1915
No. 5
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
ROOM 29. BISHOPS BUILDING. SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
$L00 a Year— Single Copy 10c
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This ad. will redeem 1 0 per cent, on purchases at regular price.
242 SOUTH MAIN STREET
When WE Make Your Por-
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Style, Excellence and
Satisfaction
The Thomas
Studio
Phone Was. 3491 44 Main St.
Two Books that Every L. D.
S. Family Should Have
The L. D. S. Family and Individ-
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Authorities, in which to enter the
most important events and dates in
the histories of families and individ-
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Family Record of Temple Work
for the Dead. $L25 and upward.
Write for Sample Pages, Free
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PLAN YOUR GARDEN NOW
You will find our Seed and Nursery Guide Book the most valuable assist-
ant in telling you just what is worth while to plant in this climate.
This book contains 112 pages fully illustrated just brimful of the
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Mention this paper and write for it today.
PORTER-WALTON CO.
Seed and Nursery Specialists for U. S. A.
SALT LAKE
The Relief Society Magazine
Oivned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
MAY, 1915.
Mother Love Martha Burton Cooley 209
Sarah Ellen Richards Smith Joseph F. Smith 211
A Loving Tribute to Sarah Ellen Richards Smith
Julina L. Smith 215
History of the Weber Stake Relief Society «. . 217
Notes from the Field \ 224
Clothing for Women Past Forty The Two Sarahs 228
Home Gardening for Women 230
In the Kitchen Laboratory Hazel Love Dunford 231
The Textile Arts Rose H. Widtsoe 232
A Prince of Ur Homespun 235
Genealogy 239
Current Topics James H. Anderson 240
Editorial ' 242
Guide Lessons 246
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
AMERICAN THEATER
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., Vermont BuUding, Salt Lake City.
BUTLER'S BOOTERY, Salt Lake City.
CULLEN HOTEL.
CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DAYNES-BEEBE MUSIC CO., 45 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
JENSEN CREAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 555 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS. Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 242
South Main, Salt Lake City.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street,
Salt Lake City.
THOMAS, Photographer.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Lake City.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY
HEADQUARTERS
For Approved Garments and Ladies' Utah Made
Dress Goods
Postage Prepaid and Samples Sent on Request
CUTLER'S, 36 Main Street
Establithed 1860 Incorporated 1908
S. M. TAYLOR & CO.
UNDERTAKERS AND
EMBALMERS
SUCCESSORS TO
JOSEPH E. TAYLOR
The Pioneer Undertaker of the We$t
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EFFICIENT SERVICE
MODERN METHODS COMPLETE EQUIPMENT
THE BIGGEST PERMANENT THEATRICAL FEATURE IN
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THE AMERICAN THEATRE
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Under direction of
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The finest pictures and the best music combine to make a wonderful
entertainment for the money.
Oh mother! dear angel of comfort,
Who soothes weary hearts to sweet rest ;
And makes them forget ev'ry sorrow,
As they nestle so close to thy breast.
Thy kind, patient heart, beating warmly
With love that's so near to divine.
In tenderness, charity, mercy,
Reaches out toward dear ones of thine.
No matter what heights they have clambered,
Nor what dire depths be their fall.
Thy mantle of love and forgiveness
Envelopes and pardons them all.
They're always thy jewels and treasures.
Thou'rt constant as stars of the night;
Thou 'It own them and lovingly clasp them,
Till death closes out earthly light.
Martha Burton Coolry
i
SARAH ELLEN RICHARDS SMITH.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. MAY, 1915. No. 5
Sarah Ellen Richards Smith
In Salt Lake City, March 22, 1915, Sarah E. R. Smith died;
she was a daughter of President Willard Richards, and wife of
President Joseph F. Smith. Her father was with the Prophet
Joseph at his martyrdom, and was afterwards counselor to his
friend and first cousin, Brigham Young. His daughter Sarah
was possessed of her father's modesty, integrity, and cheerful-
ness. She was for many years a teacher in the Relief Society
of the Seventeenth ward ; and so fully did she magnify that import-
ant office, that today her name is, and will be forever, a fragrant
memory to all amongst whom she ministered. To be such
a faithful wife, such a devoted mother, such a valiant friend, and
such an unostentatious teacher in this Society, constitutes a patent
of nobility that no woman may excel and few equal. She has
shown much interest in later years in the temple work for the
Richards and Longstroth families, and has labored in the Salt
Lake Temple when her time and strength would permit in behalf
of her kindred dead.
The following sketch of her life is taken from advance
sheets of the album of Daughters of the Utah Pioneers and Their
Mothers:
By Joseph F. Smith.
The history of the subject of this brief little sketch will
probably never be told. Or, if it should be told, it would have to
be by the ready pen of the skillful writer, who, though versed in
the art of recording history and making character sketches, could
never actually know the facts, or so affectionately relate them as
could the Avriter. if gifted with a ready pen.
Sarah Ellen Richards Smith is the daughter of the late
President Willard Richards, a beloved and trusted companion of
the Prophet Joseph Smith, who stood by the Prophet in the tragic
212 RELIEP SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
hour of his martyrdom in Carthage, IlHnois. Her mother was
Sarah Longstroth Richards, a woman of rare beauty and spirit,
who was the mother of four children, two sons and two daugh-
ters, namely: Sarah E., Willard B., Joseph S., and Pauline.
Sarah Longstroth Richards died in Salt Lake City, January
28, 1858, leaving her four children to the care of her sister,
(Nanny Longstroth), who was also the wife of President Willard
Richards. President Richards died March 11, 1854, in Salt Lake
City.
Sarah Ellen was born August 25, 1850, in Salt Lake City,
only about three years and a half prior to her father's death, and
was but little over seven years old at the death of her mother.
Father and mother having passed beyond leaving their helpless
little ones to the care of their widowed aunt, in the midst of the
hard times, the poverty and destitution incident to the pioneer life
of those early days in Utah, subjected the children all young —
and the surviving members of the family to a life of hardship that
may be imagined by persons acquainted with such scenes, but can-
not be told in a brief memoir like this.
Sarah Ellen was the eldest of her mother's two little girls,
and remained for years in the care of her mother's sister, Aunt
Nanny, who also had three children of her own, while the younger
girl was cared for and raised by Alice Longstroth Watt, another
sister of her mother. Later Sarah Ellen took up her abode
with her oldest sister, Rhoda Richards Knowlton, who resided at
that time in the Nineteenth Ward. It was at the home of this
sister, in 1867, that she was first introduced to the fortunate
youth to whom, on March 1, 1868, she was united for time and
eternity in the holy bonds of wedlock. Almost immediately after
her marriage she accompanied her husband to Provo, Utah
county, where he with others had been called on a mission by
President Brigham Young. At that time the entire possessions
of her husband, together with those of her own, were easily packed
in a small wagon — hired, with a team and driver, to convey them
to their destination at Provo. Here they obtained a small adobe
house of one room about 10x10, where they set up house-keep-
ing.
Having no means for their support, her husband had obtained
employment in a cabinet shop, owned and managed by David Clufif,
who afterwards became a very dear friend. He kindly offered
the husband of the subject of this sketch standing employment in
his shop at thirty cents an hour, so that at any time when he was
not engaged in Church duties he could go to the shop, take up
his tools, and go to work, whether only for one hour or for ten
hours a day. Through this means the young husband fitted up
their little home with bedstead, table, chairs and other furniture,
mostly of his own make, under the direction of the master work-
SARAH ELLEN RICHARDS SMITH. 213
man, his employer. It is needless at this writing to give further
account of their sojourn in Provo, at the end of which time, the
object of their mission there having been accomplished, they were
honorably released to return to Salt Lake City.
On February 5, 1869, her first beautiful little baby girl was
born. It has been said that her mother possessed rare beauty
and spirit. It may be further said in all modesty that all the
beauty and spirit of her beloved mother, and even greater charms,
were bequeathed to her daughter. Their temporal circumstances
began to improve, and by dint of hard work, prudence and econ-
omy, although passing through many hard times and trying scenes,
they became, by the blessings of God, very comfortably, though
never luxuriantly, supplied with the comforts of life.
In the spring of 1877 she accompanied her husband on his
third mission to Great Britain, to which he was sent, for the
second time, to take the presidency thereof. It was with the un-
derstanding, as expressly stated by President Brigham Young,
that this mission would not terminate under five years, and it
was with his permission that Sister Smith accompanied her hus-
band and took with her their little son, Joseph Richards, then
four years old. However, on account of the death of President
Young in August, 1877, they were released and returned home
that fall.
During the years 1897 and 1898 Sister Smith passed through
a most trying period of sickness, very narrowly escaping death,
and while slowly recovering from her lingering illness, on January
8, 1899, her husband started with her on a visit to the Sandwich
islands. The sea voyage to and from Honolulu, and her brief
sojourn in the delightful climate of those beautiful isles did much
to accelerate her restoration to health. She returned home March
5, 1899. Since her return to moderate health she has been active
in the Woman's ReHef Society work of the Church in the ward in
which she lives, and never has she aimlessly idled away a moment
of her precious life and time. Her mind and hands are ever dili-
gent in the performance of some duty, or some commendable and
worthy task.
The character of Sister Sarah E. Smith is at once strong and
well controlled. There is a quiet power about her spirit that mani-
fests itself to all who come into her presence. .But with that
power she unites the gentle tact of a true woman. So easy, so
guileless so cheerful is her deportment that her company is eagerly
sought by those who know her best. Her cheery laugh and her
determined optimism, make her world a very beautiful place to
live in. If one were to name the predominating trait of her char-
acter it would probably be her exquisite sense of order. The sensi-
tive refinement of her soul best expresses itself in the dainty ap-
pointments of every material thing about her. So pronounced is
214 RELIEI' SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
this trait that it radiates from both body and spirit like the delicate
perfume of some lovely flower. United to that refinement of clean-
liness is an indomitable energy which carries her through every
task with rigid discipline. And yet, as has been said, the sweet-
ness and true charity of her soul softens any asperity which might
otherwise gather about such a character. For she is lovingly
charitable. Living in a home where many individualities meet and
mingle, no greater tribute to her high nobility and her deep spirited
culture could be paid than to name the simple fact that out of all
her honored husband's family there could be found no single wife
or child who had aught but loving words of praise and esteem for
their beloved "Aunt Sarah." What greater proof of true loveli-
ness could be adduced?
Sister Smith has not found it possible to get out of her home
for many public duties. She has nestled her brood so closely
about her knees that her own hearthstone has been at once their
sole refuge and her one altar. Yet in the few public positions
which she has been persuaded to hold, noticeably in the office of
counselor to Mrs. Annie Hyde during the first years of the or-
ganization of the Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, Sister Smith
proved herself adequate to every duty and responsibility. As a
hostess she is thoughtful, gracious, discriminating and solicitous.
Her table, when she entertains, is spread with the rich bounties of
life. Her tact puts every guest at ease, \vhile the purity of her
character would prevent anything coarse or common from prevail-
ing in her presence.
This tribute would be incomplete if there was no mention made
of the tender consideration which this good wife accords to her
busy and burdened companion. Without trace of noisy assertive-
ness, she yet adapts herself so pleasantly to all outer conditions that
her presence soon becomes a veritable part of her surroundings.
With it all, she makes the welfare of her husband and the hap-
piness of her children at once her delight if not an important part
of her religion. "The heart of her husband doth safely trust in
her."
Sarah Ellen Richards was a beautiful, faithful and noble girl.
She has been a most beloved and cherished wife, a wise, careful,
loving mother, a. genuine home-maker, and the mother of eleven
children, in whom no parents on earth were ever more blessed
or more happy. For more than forty-three years she has shed
forth ever increasing joy and happiness upon the life of her hus-
band, her home and family ; and her children and her children's
children, to the latest time, will joyfully call her blessed.
SARAH ELLEN RICHARDS SMITH. 215
A Loving Tribute to Sarah Ellen Richards Smith.
By Julina Lambson Smith.
"Not dead but sleeping," and sweet is thy memory to me,
Aunt Sarah, as are the recollections of our associations through
the 48 years that we have journeyed together always sharing each
other's joys, loves and sorrows.
Mere girls, we were, when we started life together.
I the mother of one little one, when two years after my mar-
riage "Papa" brought you home his wife.
Then came a call for "Papa" to move to Provo. Having
the responsibility of my home and baby, you went with him, re-
maining there six months, during which time he traveled almost
constantly in the ministry.
How happy I was when you both returned! You making
my home yours, until together we had prepared your home for
you — separate apartments under the same roof.
A few years together, Joseph, you and I, and then again our
family was increased, the home made larger and Aunt Edna
came, to make a triangle of happiness with our husband as the
center controlling bond of love. My large dining-room was al-
ways the personal property and common gathering place of all.
Even now I can hear the laughter of our children as they played
about us before being kissed, and tucked in their beds. There,
too, I can see the evening picture of three tired but happy
mothers, often busy with kneeless stockings, seatless trousers or
other articles of clothing needing buttons or stitches ; or with, per-
haps, something good to read or ideas to exchange. As often as
possible our papa was with us but oftener we three were alone, for
we were the wives of a soldier of the truth whose armor was al-
ways on. If those old walls could speak they would tell of some of
the happiest hours of our lives.
Eleven children called you mother.
Eleven was my number, too. Four boys and seven girls for
each. While to Aunt Edna was given ten — evenly divided.
No wonder the recollections of the "Old Home" are as-
sociated with children's voices ! No wonder the names of "Papa"
and "Mama" instead of those more dignified are familiar to us !
After twenty-six years under the same roof, though it had
been enlarged from time to time, the "Old Home" became too
small, so it was left to me and mine, and new homes were erected
for you and Aunt Edna. The family triangle was changed into
a star, our babies grew to man and womanhood, our hair turned
gray and still we were not separated until — to satisfy public
216 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
opinion— our husband and father was separated from us and our
hves were changed. This was the greatest trial of all, but I sup-
pose such happiness could not last forever.
Though you have left us sorrowing- I know your five precious
ones, Aunt Edna's four, and my one who preceded you, are re-
joicing" in this reunion. As we stood by each other to assist and
welcome the new-born, so we stood side by side when the angel
of death visited our home. Your place is vacant now. Aunt Sarah,
but memory is sweet. Our love has grown stronger with the
passing years and today I feel your absence as keenly as if you
were my own sister — my own flesh and blood.
I am looking forward wiht joy to the happy reunion which
will come when we, who remain for a season, will join you on
the other side ; for all the bliss that ever comes to earthly human
homes has been ours and perfect happiness will be ours in eternity.
We miss you tonight. Aunt Sarah,
We miss you at noon, and at morn
Our eyes are heavy, our hearts are sad.
The companion we loved is gone.
Yet a voice of sweet comfort whispers —
"Lift up thine eyes ! Weep not !
The sister thou lov'st is smiling on thee.
Thou shalt not be forgot.''
, A WORD TO THE WISE
The General Insurance Committee wish to make one point
clear to all our workers in the Relief Society.
The Insurance Plan which has been adopted and approved
by our leaders is in the nature of a privilege rather than a duty.
It is an opportunity for the women of this Church to be pro-
tected, which has advantages of which only those who are con-
verted may understand the value and importance. We have pre-
pared the plan as carefully as we may, and are very glad to find the
response increasing from the ranks of our sisters.
If it could be possible to have all of our 10,000 teachers
insured, think of the blessing it would be to every Society in the
Church.
Those who have charge of this Committee at Headquarters
have no financial interest in this matter, as regards payment or
wages ; it is only a realization of the convenience that can be
derived from habits of saving, and from protection of missionary
and burial expenses that has induced us to push this matter in
the Society.
Historyof Weber Stake Relief Society
(Historical Sketch of the First Stake Relief Society in the
Church.)
The Ladies' Relief Society of Ogden was first organized in
the spring of 1855. The need of such a society being very appar-
ent, a number of the leading ladies of the city met and with the
assistance of the presiding authorities, President Lorin Farr and
counselors and Bishop James Browning, effected an organiza-
tion, with Mrs. Palmer, President ; Martha Knight and Abigail
Abbott, counselors ; Mary W. Brown, secretary ; Phoebe Brown,
treasurer. Among the teachers and members were Keziah Davis,
Esther Rapor, Mary Ann Yearsley, Mary Black, Harriet Critch-
low, Marcia Allen, Ann Glasgow, Lydia Brown, Charilla Brown-
ing, Alice Hill and Ellen Davis, some of whom are still living
and actively engaged in Society work. And no doubt there are
others in our midst who also belonged to the Society whose
names we have been unable to get. Although the records have
been lost we feel assured of the value and quality of their labors.
The work of the Relief Society, whenever or wherever it is called
into existence, is to feed the hungry, to clothe the naked, to visit
and comfort the sick, to care for the dead, to reclaim the erring,
to bind up the broken-hearted — in short, to assist in every good
work.
In consequence of the Move south, in 1858, the Society
was disorganized and remained so for several years after the
return of the people to their homes. It was again organized by
Sister Eliza R. Snow, December 16, 1867, Mrs. Mary West, presi-
dent ; Nancy Farr and Harriet C. Brown, counselors ; Louise Hop-
kins, secretary ; Mary Ann West, treasurer. President Lorin Farr,
Bishop Chauncey W. West, and other brethren, were present and
assisted in the work of organizing. For nearly three years Sister
West presided over the Society, being much respected and loved
by the sisters, who, by their works as well as by their faith and
prayers, sustained her in her noble endeavors to perform faithfully
the work which her office enjoined upon her. Her labors were
crowned with success, and the Society prospered exceedingly with
her at its head.
Among the many interesting occasions connected with the
Relief Society in which she participated was a mass meeting held
by the ladies of Ogden in the tabernacle, March 17, 1870, at which
meeting she was chosen, by unanimous vote, to preside. After
stating the object of the meeting she gave briefly her sentiments
218 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
in regard to unwise legislation, protesting against the Cullom
Bill, and defending plural marriage.
May 24, 1869, the Ladies' Co-operative Mercantile and Mil-
linery Institution of Ogden (an outgrowth of the Rehef Society)
was organized, with Sister West as president. Here she found
a new field of labor. But by the united efforts of the members
of the Society and of the people in general, throughout Weber
County, together with the assistance of her husband, Bishop
Chauncey W. West, and that of Apostle F. D. Richards, who
kindly gave their time and the benefit of their superior wisdom
and experience, a building was erected, a large amount of stock
subscribed and business corresponding to the name of the institu-
tion was established and successfully carried on. Sister West re-
tained this position, also that of President of the Relief Society,
ever presiding with characteristic dignity, and wisely directing the
affairs of both associations, until suddenly removed by the hand of
death. This sad event occurred August 27th, 1870. Her sudden de-
parture wa sno doubt hastened by the great affliction occasioned
by the loss of her husband, who died a short time before, and to
whom she was devotedly attached. But though taken from our
midst, her influence for good still remains, and those who were
favored and blessed in being associated with her, while regretting
her loss, remember with pleasure the labors of love to which her
kind heart and charitable disposition ever prompted her.
The Society felt, also, that by the death of Bishop West
they had lost a staunch friend, a wise counselor and a hearty
co-worker in all their undertakings. In his ofiice as Bishop he
was actuated by a spirit of extended benevolence and a kind con-
sideration for those who appealed to him for favors or assistance.
This brief tribute to the memory of Brother and Sister West
we feel is due to them as an expression of our appreciation of
their labors.
The Society being disorganized by the circumstance of Sis-
ter West's death, was again reorganized October 27, 1870, Apostle
F. D. Richards and Bishop L. J. Herrick assisting, with Harriet
C. Brown, president ; Martha Bingham and Sarah A. Herrick,
counselors ; Aemlia M. Frodsham, secretary ; Roseltha Canfield,
treasurer.
Under the guidance of these ladies, the Society continued in
the good work already commenced, until August 8, 1872, when
Sister Brown, having been released by her own urgent request,
Sister Jane S. Richards was chosen President by the unanimous
vote of the Society. She chose for counselors, Harriet C. Brown
and Sarah A. Herrick. Amelia M. Fordsham and Roseltha
Canfield were sustained as secretary and treasurer.
On the 22nd of the same month President Jane S. Richards
and counselors were blessed under the hands of Apostle Richards
HISTORY OF WEBER STAKE RELIEF SOCIETY. 219
MRS. JANE S. RICKTARDS.
and Bishop Herrick to labor not only in the Relief Society of
Ogden, but also to visit and counsel the ward societies throughout
Weber County, which had beefi organized from time to time.
Sister Richards felt to shrink from the responsibility thus
placed upon her, having had very little experience in Relief So-
ciety work, and her health being much impaired by a long and
severe illness. But Sister Eliza R. Snow promised her that if she
would accept the position she should have health and be enabled
to perform every duty. The sisters also encouraged her by their
faith and earnest support. It was with many misgivings, however,
that she entered upon the duties of her office. Through the
blessings of the Lord and her untiring and energetic labors the
Society awakened into new life, and although nearly forty years
220 RELIEf SOCIirrV MAGAZINE.
have elapsed since that time, the interest then aroused has steadily
increased and extended. The Society has grown in importance,
and to a great extent its labors have come to be appreciated.
This has been accomplished not only by the united efforts of the
sisters in carrying out her counsels, but by their unselfishness and
perseverance in striving to perform acceptably the many and oft-
times trying labors expected of them.
A wide sphere of usefulness is open to the Relief Society,
l)ut its first and most important work has ever been to assist
in providing for the poor and caring for the sick. And the aim
of all business enterprises entered into by the Society has been
to procure means by which to increase their power for doing
good in that direction.
A Relief Society Millinery Store was built on ground leased
for that purpose and dedicated by President Brigham Young. By
means of generous donations the house was paid for and the mil-
linery business established and successfully conducted for eight
years, under the general supervision of the presidency of the
Society.
In 1882, the lease for the ground having expired, and those
interested deciding to discontinue the business, the store with its
fixtures was sold and the proceeds divided among the four societies
of the city. (Separate societies having been organized in each
ward in the year 1879). Sister Richards was thus, in a measure,
released from the increasing cares and labors of the Society,
and was afforded a better opportunity of attending to the duties
of her callling as President of the Central Board of the Relief
„ Societies of Weber County.
The Society also interested itself in the culture of silk. An
organization was formed with Mrs. Mary Kay as President and
Mary E. Kay as Secretary. Hundreds of trees were planted
throughout the city and county, under the direction of the presi-
dency of the various Relief Societies, and much time and labor ex-
pended, also some means. The result showing that the only
requisite wanting to make this industry a success is capital.
The storing of wheat, according to suggestions from Presi-
dent Young, forms an interesting feature in the history of the
Society. Many hundreds of bushels have been collected, granaries
have been built in several wards and in some places the ground
has been purchased on which to erect them. There is also some
money on hand with which to buy wheat when it is considered
wisdom to do so.
It is impossible to enumerate the many ways in whiclli
the great amount of means received into the Society has been
dislmrsed. We have already stated a few of them and will add
that, besides the constant drain ujion the resources of the Society
for charitable uses, large sums were given for emigration and mis-
HISTORY OF WEBER STAKE RELIEF SOCIETY. 221
sionary purposes, and still larger sums to the Logan and Manti
temples, and the Deseret Hospital.
The many new and beautiful ward meeting houses and build-
ings recently erected in different parts of the country, if they
could speak, would testify to the liberality of the Relief Society.
And so on, we might continue indefinitely and after all only ap-
proximate the real sum of all their labors.
The better part of woman's work cannot be expressed in
dollars and cents. There is a spiritual, a devotional part, a part
where love, charity, patience, self-sacrifice and devotion to duty,
are the capital stock.
WEBER ST.\KE RELIEF SOCIETY II.\LL.
If we could number all the meetings that have been attended,
under unfavorable as well as favorable circumstances, all the
miles that have been traveled in performing duties pertaining to
the Society, the nights and days spent with the sick and the dead,
the hours of anxiety spent by those presiding, in planning for the
spiritual as well as temporal welfare of their fellow-creatures, the
noble examples of persevering labor, in spite of bodily pain and
physical weakness, the many testimonies fervent with the holy
spirit and the hope of the eternal life, — if all these could be num-
222 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
bered and added to the financial report, the aggregate would still
be an imperfect showing of what has been accomplished by the
Relief Society.
Another item of Relief Society work, although not of a
financial character, is yet of interest as being the means by which
a great amount of good has been accomplished, and showing,
also, our beloved President Jane S. Richards as an energetic public-
spirited woman. We refer to the work commenced by her among
the young people of Ogden. She called a meeting of the young
ladies including girls over eight years old. Over eighty responded
to the call and listened attentively while she addressed them.
Among many other things she spoke of her great desire for their
improvement and the deep interest she felt in their present and
future welfare.
The meeting was one long to be remembered, and the young
ladis expre^sed a wish to meet again. From that time the meet-
ings were continued, Sister Richards presiding, until a Young
Ladies' organization was formed.
The young men, seeing the interest and zeal of the young
ladies and feeling the good influence, manifested a desire to at-
tend the meetings. The result was that evening meetings were
held. Sister Eliza R. Snow being present at the first one. The
Feed thus sown has brought forth the rich fruit of organization
among the youth of Zion.
Sister Eliza R. Snow, Zina D. Young and other prominent sis-
tc-'^. (bv invitUions from Sister Richaids) were frequent visit-
ors at those meetings, inspiring and encouraging the young by
their wise and loving counsel. Many refreshing and joyful sea-
sons have also been afforded the Rehef Societies by the visits
of these sisters, their presence always insuring a happy and
nrofitiblc tin-e. Great praise is due Sister Richards, who gave
unsparingly her time and means to bring about these enjoyable
occasions, thereby causing the Societies to be built up and their
labors greatly improved and extended. She, as also Sisters Snow
and Young, endeared themselves to the people of Weber county
by their unselfish devotion to duty and their life-long, earnest
endeavors in the cause of truth.
But the occasion of all occasions, to which the Relief Society
looks back with pride, is that of President Brigham Young's visit
to Ogden, July 19, 1877. He came by Sister Richards' request
to t'dk to the sisters of Weber county. A large and appreciative
congregation assembled in the tabernacle and listened with rapt
attention while he delivered an unusually interesting and in-
structive address. At the close of the meeting, he appointed an-
other to be held three months from that time, to which he re-
quested the Relief Societies to bring reports of their labors up to
that date and if possible he would be present. The meeting
HISTORY OF WEBER STAKE RELIEF SOCIETY. 223
thus appointed was held October 30, 1877, being the first Relief
Society conference, and the commencement of Relief Society
stake organizations* throughout the stakes of Zion. President
Young, however, did not live to attend that conference. But
the influence of his spirit and teachings was there, and the record
of that day marks an era in Relief Society histor\^
■ Sister E. R. Snow kindly assisted in presiding on that occa-
sion. She called a vote to sustain Mrs. Jane S. Richards, presi-
dent ; Harriet C. Brown and Sarah L. Herrick, counselors ; Amelia
M. Frodsham, secretary; Emily S. Richards, treasurer; in their
position in the central board. The vote was unanimous.
It may be well to note here the changes which have taken
place in the offices of the association. Since the reorganization,
in 1872, Roseltha Canfield, who was treasurer at that time, re-
signed December 12, 1872, and Huldah M. Ballantyne was chosen
on the same day to succeed her. June 11, 1874, Sister Ballan-
tyne resigned, and Elizabeth Y. Stanford was appointed treasurer.
May 27, 1875, Sister Stanford resigned and Emily S. Richards
was elected to that office, in which she continued to act until
May 10, 1879, at which time ]\'Irs. Melissa Hall was chosen
treasurer. In 1887 she resigned, and in September of that year
Miss Hattie Brown accepted that position.
Our Secretary. Sister A. M. Frodsham, who was elected to
that position October 27, 1870, continued in that calling until
January 24, 1880, making ten years of faithful work in the
Society. She took great delight in the performance of her duties,
and when her health failed and she could no longer record the
testimonies of the sisters, she felt that very little of life's pleasure
was left in her. For a year before her death she occupied the
position of president in the Primary Association of the Fourth
ward, and acted in that capacity with an earnest desire to do
good.
Her successor in the Relief Society Stake Board was Miss
Monta Poulter. She commenced her work in that capacity March
18, 1880, and during her term of service she proved herself a
faithful and efficient officer. Having in the meantime assumed the
duties of married life, and being about to leave Ogden for a home
farther north, her resignation was tendered and very reluctantly
accepted, the Society sincerely regretting that circumstances
necessitated her removal. The office of secretary being thus made
vacant, Mattie A. Cannon was elected to take that place, September
10, 1885.
June 20, 1884. Sarah A. Herrick, so long a part and parcel of
the Relief Society, resigned her position as counselor to President
Richards in consequence of having been called to preside in the
*This is the first stake organization of the kind perfected in the Church.
224
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Central Board of the Young Ladies' Associations of Weber
county. Her resignation was accepted with reluctance, although
we felt to congratulate her upon her extended opportunities for
usefulness.
Her husband, Bishop L. J. Herrick, deserves honorable men-
tion here. During the term of his office as Bishop, he took a
lively interest in the affairs of the Society, and very materially
aided and encouraged it in all its labors. The affliction that so
long prevented him from continuing the good work he was so
well fited to perform, finally caused his death.
The vacancy caused by the retiring of Sister Herrick from
the presidency of the Society was supplied by the election of Sis-
ter Emily Shurtliff to that position.
The officers of that organization were at that time : Jane S.
Richards, President ; Harriet C. Brown and Emily Shurtliff , Coun-
selors ; Mattie A. Cannon, Secretary ; Hattie C. Brown, Treasurer.
Sister Harriet C. Brown died Dec. 27, 1907, after having been a
faithful Relief Society officer for many years. Mattie A. Cannon
and Hattie C. Brown resigned, but Sister Richards continued
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MRS. EMILY M. SHURTLIFF.
HISTORY OF WEBER STAKE RELIEF SOCIETY. 225
as president with Sister Emily Shurtliff as counselor, until Weber
Stake was divided.
One noteworthy accomplishment of the Relief Societies of
Weber Stake was the Relief Hall built by the contribution of the
sisters. This building was dedicated on the 25th anniversary of
the Stake organization, July 19, 1902. Sister Jane S. Richards
presided over and addressed the meetings. Many prominent
people attended, and all enjoyed the proceedings.
At a conference of the Weber stake, held in the tabernacle,
Aug. 9, 1908, President Jane S. Richards of the Weber Stake
Relief Society was honorably released and Sister Emily M.
Shurtliff was sustained as president, with Sister Agnes Herrick
as first and Sister Elizabeth G. McCune as Second Counselors.
These officers continued until recently with Aggie H. Stevens as
Secretary, Elizabeth D. Thomas, Treasurer, with the following
Board members : Hannah Poulter, Mercy R. Stevens, Alice Harris,
Mary S. Boyle, Emma Shreeve, Martha Cooley, Ellen J. Stevens,
Jane L. Warner, Mabel Ure.
The seven years that Sister Shurtliff acted as President of
the Ogden Stake Relief Society was filled with active and bene-
ficient service. The whole tone and tenor of her administration
was obedience to the priesthood and harmony among her associ-
ates. She was the soul of gentle kindness and no more devoted
wife and mother ever lived. Associated with her honored hus-
band, President Lewis W. Shurtliff, she radiated peace and cour-
tesy throughout her stake. She was buried January 10th, 1915,
and the funeral services were most beautiful and impressive.
On March 11th, 1914, the reorganization of the Stake Board
took place, General President Emmeline B. Wells, Counselors
Clarissa S. Williams and Julina L. Smith being present. The
following officers were appointed :
Agnes H. Stevens, Prest.
Elizabeth D. Thomas, First Counselor
Almira C. Rich, Second Counselor
Joan W. Emmett, Secretary
Alice Harris, Treasurer
Mabel Ure, Organist
Ellen J. Stevens, Chorister
BOARD members:
Agnes Herrick Emma Shreeve
Elizabeth G. McCune Martha B. Cooley
Hannah Poulter Jane L. Warner
Mercy R. Stevens Mary S. Boyle
Notes from the Field.
We present an extract from a letter written by Elder G. M.
Southwich to the Lehi First Ward Relief Society, concerning the
work now going forward in Great Britain :
"I am sure that you sisters would be glad to know some-
thing of the work which your co-laborers are doing in this far
away land. The Relief Societies in the British Isles are in far
better condition today than they have been for sometime past. The
credit for this state of affairs must justly be given to Sister Ida B.
Smith, wife of President Hyrum M. Smith of the European Mis-
sion, who, during the months of October and November of last
year, made a visit to each conference in the mission and held meet-
ings with the presidents of organizations explaining the duties of
members and the method of conducting meetings, etc. Since that
time she has been in communication, through correspondence, with
every organization in England, and~has undoubtedly given an
impetus to Relief Society work in this land. During the last
three months eighteen new societies have been formed, making
a total of forty-two in the mission. Prior to the time of Sister
Smith's visits many of our organizations were in a very unsatis-
factory condition. The meetings seemed to be devoted, more or
less, to idle talk, with the result that very little was accomplished.
From the reports which now come in, it would seem that a
thorough awakening has taken place, a new spirit exists, and in
place of wasted time, a well conducted program is listened to,
which does not interfere with their work, but instead, elevates and
strengthens in every sense of the word. The attendance has been
greatly augmented, even by non-members, and the work of visit-
ing among the Saints has been increased ten-fold. And so I con-
clude that the unsatisfactory condition existing was not due to
insincerity, but to lack of knowledge as to the proper course to
pursue, and the need of constant supervision by a competent sister
from Zion.
Perhaps one of the greatest works ever done by the Relief
Society organization of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints in foreign lands is that now being conducted by the sisters
of the British Isles today, in assisting the relief work carried on
in behalf of the British soldiers. When cold weather set in, a re-
quest was made by the government that the women of the kingdom
direct their efforts toward making warm articles for those at the
front. It was suggested that woolen scarfs, socks, belts, mittens,
etc., be knitted and handed to a committee having charge of this
work. Here was a splendid opportunity for the despised "Mor-
NOTES FROM THE FIELD. 227
mon" women, whose Church has suffered so many times the in-
justice of thoughtless people, who, through the government, now
sought their aid. And they took advantage of it. Each organiza-
tion was able, through special effort, to raise money with which
to buy wool and the work of making these articles was taken up
in earnest. At the time of writing over one thousand articles have
been handed in to the proper authorities of the different
cities in England, and the Relief Societies of the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have received credit
on the books which contain such records. Very- grate-
ful acknowledgments from these authorities have been sent
to our Relief Society presidents, in which they highly praise
the efforts of our organizations. Our little Society in Liv-
erpool has contributed a greater number of articles than any
other church organization in the city and you can realize that
it is having an effect upon the women who have charge of the
work. Never before was the work of the "Mormon" Church
brought so favorably before the upper class of people in this land
as through this special work of the sisters, and we are sure that
the result will be a blessing to the work of the Lord. Besides the
effect upon the outsiders, it has wrought wonders within. Organ-
izations which at one time were divided, because of indifference
and misunderstandings, are now united by the bond of love and
a common cause. A greater number of visits are now being
made, more work is being done for the poor and destitute, the
"peace on earth good will to men" spirit is taking a firmer hold
upon each member, and the generally flourishing condition of the
Relief Societies of the British Mission, brings joy and gladness
to our hearts.
Relief Society Extension Work in Cache Stake.
A most interesting experiment is reported from Cache stake.
Desirous of interesting more women in the Society, while broad-
ening the usefulness of charitable assistance to those in need, the
Relief Society Stake President appointed a committee to co-oper-
ate with the ward committees. These committees arranged a lunch-
eon last 4th of July on the Public Square, selling cake and ice
cream. The sum realized — $95.85 — was added to by liberal dona-
tions from the merchants ; and great sewing bees were held, many
non-members assisting enthusiastically ; clothing was made ; stock-
ings for invalid mothers were darned ; and wholesale gifts and as-
sistance was thus rendered to the Logan sick and needy. Other
associations and organizations joined in the movement, and thus
was established the best and purest kind of "extension work."
Clothing for the Woman Past Forty.
By The Tzvo Sarahs.
SPRING ADAPTATIONS.
Spring, the most glorious season of the year, is with us, and
all nature awakens. The violets are peeping from beneath their
snowy beds, the birds are singing, and all nature is rejoicing.
We plan for our gardens and flowers, for spring cleaning and
school festivals, and last, but not least, our wardrobe claims our
attention. Have we anything wearable for the bright sunny days
when we really must discard our winter coats, which sometimes
cover a multitude of undesirable clothing? How shall we know
what is best to wear? The season between seasons is a vexed
problem for woman to solve. Many of us feel we must wear our
winter clothes through this sprijig of surprising changes until that
fickle dame fashion has settled on a fair, simple style for summer
and for several coming seasons.
It is a question with most women as to the best time to buy
or make a street suit — spring or fall. Some of the advantages
for buying or making early in the season, is the satisfaction of
having a complete change from winter clothing. We get good
service from a sensible blazer suit, for our jacket comes in good
on summer evenings, and is just the thing in the early fall. We
also get the new shades and styles by buying early in the season.
Every woman should have a blazer suit, that is, a coat and skirt of
the same material.
A great deal of silk will be used in spring costumes. The
tafifeta petticoat is again coming into use. The old-fashioned
pockets are revived, imitation pockets, and pockets for actual use.
Black and white combinations will doubtless be the leading color
feature. We welcome the return of the shirt waist.
The essentials of a wardrobe are many and varied. We
should remember the necessity of perfect cleanliness in neck wear.
We should be careful in buying or making gamps, lace yokes or
chemisettes. They should always be chosen with an eye to their
practicability. For unless these accessories ar« made to withstand
continued laundering, they are the most extravagant part of a
woman's wardrobe.
In making a serviceable chemisette to wear with a street dress,
cover a high-necked -corset cover that buttons in the back — if nec-
essary, cover both back and front with chififon or silk to harmonize
with dress material. Make small bows of baby ribbon or velvet ;
place small buttons in the center of bows and sew at intervals down
CLOTHING FOR JVOMEN PAST FORTY. 229
the front. This chemisette will serve two purposes — it may be a
corset cover and a chemisette. For dressy occasions, take a fine
piece of white muslin, put in tucks and lace insertion alternately.
Join together insertion for collar, bone and finish with narrow
lace. The high collar is again used, and is most becoming to the
person with a long neck.
The greatest change in the fashionable dress, is the decided
and ever increasing width of the skirt. This feature is developed
to the utmost in the spring models. We will aid the cotton indus-
tries if we make a one-piece dress in the new style. Use the inside
belt moimting, have it long enough to go around the waist, and
allow a hem at each end as a foundation for hooks and eyes.
Bring the skirt up one inch and sew to belt. Fit waist to belt, and
cover with belt or girdle. The skirt must fit snugly about the
hips, no matter how full it is cut, or whether it be circular or
plainted. Calico, gingham or lawn will make up charmingly in
these one-piece dresses.
Sombre and neutral colors are indicated for spring wear.
Hooks and eyes will not drop off,' if instead of sewing them
on with over and over stitch, you use the button-hole stitch.
An easy way to adjust snap fasteners, is to sew the ball sec-
tion on first, and then cover the top with chalk, a slight pressure
will mark the exact spot where the socket section should be placed.
The Provo Woolen Mills are making a specialty of suits and
separate skirts for women, in home-made goods.
A woman should study her own style; hunt out your best
points, and hide her poor ones.
WHY WE OPPOSE POCKETS FOR WOMEN.
1. Because pockets are not a natural right.
2. Because the great majority of women do not want pock-
ets. If they did, they would have them.
3. Because whenever women have had pockets they have not
used them.
4. Because women are expected to carry enough things as it
is, without the additional burden of pockets.
5. Because it would make dissension between husband and
wife as to whose pockets were to be filled.
6. Because it would destroy man's chivalry toward woman
if he did not have to carry all her things in his pockets.
7. Because men are men and women are women. We must
not fly in the face of nature.
8. Because pockets have been used by men to carry tobacco,
pipes, whisky flasks, chewing gimi and compromising letters. We
see no reason to suppose that women would use them more wisely.
— Alice Duer Miller in Neiv York Times.
Home Gardening for Women.
(How to Produce Two Crops of Strawberries in one Season.)
While my friend and I were visiting through Utah county,
late last November, we chanced to take dinner at the Hotel Rob-
erts, in our beautiful Garden city, Provo ; and to our surprise,
found on the menu card, "Fresh strawberries and cream."
Curious at once as to whether they were imported berries, or those
put up fresh in bottles, we inquired of the maid who waited upon
us, and found they were neither the canned nor imported berries,
but raised on the East Bench, in Provo. We learned also that
they were the second crop of the season — as succulent and crisp,
and as line a flavor as those produced in the early summer. So
anxious were we to see the fruit growing, and to meet with one
who had made it possible to successfully produce such delicious
fruit, that our friend and President Mrs. Martha Keeler drove us
up in her auto to the farm. Plere we met Mr. A. O. Andelin,
and we had the uniuqe experience of seeing the berries growing,
picked and packed for market. We inquired of him as to the kind
of berry vines, he used, the method of producing them, etc. We
asked Mr. Andelin if he would tell us just how to proceed with
a strawberry patch, in order to have success. He was delighted
with the idea, and the following is the method used, as related by
him:
"Have the berries well trained and mulched, and in early
spring, cultivate and water them freely. They must of necessity,
have good sunlight and rich sandy loam. After the first crop is
gathered, mow off the tops rather close, cultivate between the rows
and mulch again ; let rest, without irrigating, for five or six weeks,
then water as in early spring, and you will soon be rewarded with
a fine second crop of strawberries, for which you will receive a
handsome price." He said cultivation and fertilization were very
important points to remember. We were at his farm about No-
vember 4, 1914, and though so late in the season, he still had a
splendid crop yet to gather and market, selling them at 20c per
cup.
If any of our readers wish to communicate with Mr. Andelin,
or secure strawberry plants from him, address Provo, Utah, care
B. Y. U., and he will be pleased to accomodate you with plants
or information, or both.
In the Kitchen Laboratory.
By Hazel Love Dunford.
PAYING MORE THAN NECESSARY.
There is scarcely a day goes by that the newspapers do not
contain articles calling our attention to thousands and thousands
of starving individuals. On all sides, we are asked to give aid
to this or that fund, for the benefit of some poor creature far away,
who is perhaps dying for the want of something to eat. One
hardly dares to enjoy good, wholesome food for fear of robbing
some fellow being of that which may rightfully belong to him.
And yet authorities tell us if the American people would consent
to nourish themselves scientifically and economically, they could
take care of every starving person at home and abroad, without
contributing a cent over and above that which would be saved by
so doing. If this be the truth, isn't it about time for us to say,
"Right about face" to ourselves, and get busy and learn how this
can be done?
There are many things nowadays put on the market in the
way of foods, to attract the eye. If goods are made to look nice,
they are sure to sell. This point is a good one, but I'm afraid
we are often times led away by it. We are apt to pay too much
for the extra "good looks" of an article. The other day, a neigh-
bor of mine telephoned the butcher for some chipped beef. "AVe
don't keep it any more, except in glass jars. It is so much more
sanitary," came the answer, and so she ordered a glass to be sent
up, and she came in to show it to me ; thirty cents and barely
enough for dinner, and three adults in the family and two children.
"I might as well have had a beefsteak," she said; and so she
might, and at less expense, for when you consider the butter or
drippings and the cost of milk to cream chipped beef, you have
rather an expensive dish. And yet, when one serves chipped
beef, one wants to feel that one is economizing. It is impossible
to economize at this rate. Is there any reason that chipped beef
should be sliced and put up in glass jars? Decidedly not. To
really economize, one must be ever watchful, or one is sure to be
"taken in" with just such buying. Foods that are put up in ex-
pensive packages, as a rule, cost from three to four times more
than the same article sold in bulk. For instance, commeal, bran,
cracked wheat, peanut butter, and so on ; breakfast foods, espe-
cially those ready prepared, cost too much for the nutritive value
they contain. Where one is studying strict economy, one better
not buy such food simply because it comes in attractive packages.
The Textile Arts.
By Rose H. Widtsoe.
WOOLEN FABRICS.
The most important fiber of animal origin is the wool of the
domestic sheep. There are many animals whose hairy coverings
are used for textile fabrics, but the sheep furnishes the best fiber.
The use of wool for spinning and weaving reaches far back
into prehistoric times. Just when or how man discovered the use
of wool for making cloth is not known. The skeletons of sheep
are often found with the skeletons of prehistoric man, showing
that it was early a domestic animal ; and because of its easy adapt-
ability to spinning, wool may have been the first fiber so used.
Certain authorities hold that wool spinning originated with the
Egyptians and that they first spun flax ; therefore when they began
to spin wool after the manner of flax they produced the smooth,
even thread later known as worsted, rather than the soft, loose
thread of woolen. The Egyptians may or may not have been the
first people to spin wool, although as far as can be discovered the
textile arts reached in Egypt the highest development at so early
a period.
There are many varieties of the domestic sheep. Cultivation
has greatly improved the character of the fiber, which is of two
kinds : true wool, which is soft and curly ; and hair, usually longer
and stiff. The quality of the wool differs according to the breed,
climate, food, care, soil, and the health of the animal. For cen-
turies the Spanish Merino produced the finest wool and so jealous
were the Spanish people of their supremacy in wool that a law
prohibited the exportation of sheep from the country. Not until
1840 were Merino sheep distributed to the other countries of
Europe. Australia has proved one of the best countries for the
production of a fine, crimpy wool. There the Spanish Merino
has been crossed with English breeds. Our own country is rap-
idly developing a great sheep industry.
There is a great difference in the quality of the wool pro-
duced by the wild sheep and the domestic sheep. The wild sheep
in mountainous regions usually have a great deal of coarse hair
mixed with the wool, also a greater amount of imperfectly devel-
oped wool, while the domestic sheep produces a soft, curly wool
with practically no hair.
Marked difference is found in the qualities of wool from the
same fleece. The shoulders and sides furnish the best grade of
wool, while that of the back is inferior.
In importance, the wool industry is second only to cotton.
THE TEXTILE ARTS. 233
Before the great Industrial Revolution in the eighteenth century,
wool was most important, but the ease of preparation of cotton by
machinery and the cheapness of production have placed it in the
front rank.
Considering the individual fiber, we find that wool has very
important physical and chemical properties, which play a large
part in determining how it is to be treated in manufacture. Chem-
ically, wool is a protein substance, composed of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen, and phosphorus. In raw wool, there
is a large proportion of foreign substance, dirt, and products
secreted by the skin of the animal. The natural oil secreted keeps
the fiber in a soft condition and must not be entirely removed.
Suint or dried up perspiration is a secretion from the skin of
the sheep : this material coats the fibers when they are on the
back of the animal and keeps them from felling. It also keeps
them soft after shearing.
Strong alkali removes all oil, making the wool harsh and dry,
and also destroys the fiber if the action is allowed to proceed far
enough. Five per cent caustic soda dissolves wool at boiling
temperature in ten minutes. This test may be used in determining
the quality of a supposed woolen fabric.
Wool is bleached with the fumes of sulphur or with hydrogen
peroxide. The affinity of the animal fibers for dyestuffs is much
greater than that of the vegetable fibers. Wool may be dyed by
many different dyestuffs without difficulty and the color is quite
lasting.
Physically, the wool fiber is a complex arrangement of cells.
An inner or medullary layer, containing the natural pigment may
or may not be present ; in highest fibers, pure white wool, they
are lacking. The cortical or middle layer gives the fiber it5
strength and also absorbs dyestuffs. The outside layer consists of
horny scales, generally overlapping each other, and projecting out
from the surface of the fiber to a greater or less extent. This
quality of the fiber gives wool its peculiar characteristic, that of
felting together. These serrations on the surface of the fibers
hook into each other, especially where heat and moisture are ap-
plied when the scales are more open. When dry again, they hold
fast together. To this property the shrinking of wool is also
due. For this reason woolen fabrics must be washed and rinsed
in water of the same temperature. One should never use ex-
tremely hot water for washing woolen fabrics. Woolen materials
should also be dried in the shade and pressed while slightly damp
with an iron not very hot.
In tensile strength and elasticity, wool fibers vary greatly.
The structure of the fiber makes it elastic and also gives it
strength. The kinky nature of the wool also makes it elastic.
In its hygroscopic property, or power to absorb water, wool
234 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
stands first among the fibers, being able to absorb from thirty to
fifty per cent of water without appearing wet, although the aver-
age amount of moisture absorbed is twelve to fourteen per cent.
In many European markets, the price is regulated according to the
amount of water the wool will absorb.
The preparation of wool for the market and its manufacture
is a long, intricate process, which it would be impossible even to
outline in this article.
Woolen fabrics enter largely into our clothing. The won-
derful creations of various weaves from the woolen fibers are
indispensable in making up one's wardrobe. The splendid broad-
cloths, suitings and fine, light weight woolen dress goods are the
most popular fabrics in the market.
Probably few people in active life need woolen underwear;
it is often irritating and when one exercises the perspiration is
not absorbed quickly enough and the skin becomes wet, a bad
condition. Very young children, old people, and those who lead
a sedentary life can wear woolen underwear to greater advantage
because their skin is not kept warm by muscular activity.
Woolen clothing is also a good protection against sudden ex-
posture and extreme cold, but it need not be worn in direct con-
tact with the body. Wool is the warmest fabric because it is more
porous in its structure, and holds more air which is a splendid
non-conductor. Sudden chilling of the body is impossible when
woolen underclothing is worn, because of the fact that it gives up
its moisture so slowly.
The tests for the adulterations in woolen fabrics will be con-
sidered in a later article.
HISTORY OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY.
The General Board of the Relief Society has decided to pub-
lish a history of the Society. This will include, not only the story
of the original organization in Nauvoo and its growth and develop-
ment after the pioneers came to Utah, but a brief record of each
Stake organization will be included. President E. B. Wells wrote
a historical sketch of the Society for Appleton's Biographical En-
cyclopedia, and this will form the basis of the future work.
The Board has appointed Susa Young Gates as historian, and
a circular letter has been sent to the Stake Presidents for data.
We hope the work will be prosecuted with vigor, for it has long
been needed. Most of the other auxiliary organizations have a
history in print, and we rejoice that the Relief Society will now
have a complete record of its many noble and praiseworthy labors.
This history will be the standard and authorized record of our own
Society ; and as such, we bespeak for it a wide and general accept-
ance by officers and members of the Relief Society.
A Prince of Ur.
By HcMnespun.
Up from the filthy quarters of the slave markets, in the great
city of Ur, three days after Abram's arrival, the odor of living,
suffering, unclean humanity mingled with the scream of a slave
girl, whipped with cruel thongs to force her to silence and obe-
dience. The steaming, crowding masses of weak and vicious
men and women wept, sung, cursed, and flouted each other with
true oriental volubility.
• It was the noontide; the sun of the southern plains hung
like a ball of glowing fire in the sapphire blue of the low hanging
skies. The crowded, dome-shaped, mud-walled hovels and huts
under the high south walls of the city reeked with the scum of the
lowest inhabitants.
"What ails the jade?" queried an effiminate patrician youth,
just passing by, whose snowy mantle was swept carelessly from
his arm to allow him freedom in seizing the twisted face of the
slave girl that he might inspect her qualities. He did not stop
there ; but with the taunt of his ribald young companions who
had accompanied him in idle sport down to this lower region of
their beautiful city on the Shinar Plains, ringing in his ears, he
flung her scanty robe from her quivering body and with a fierce
grunt of dissaproval, he cried shrilly :
"Naught but carrion. Feed her to the buzzards, slave-seller.
Why do you exhibit such bird-meat for sale in the open market?"
The slave-seller glared with impotent rage thus to have his
human wares exposed to possible buyers. The livid flesh of the
poor slave girl quivered between the blows of her owner and the
angry leprous cancers upon her skin, which glowed with livid
fires.
"There is fire within as well as fury without, my lord," she
screamed, in the tongue of the Nubian. "Worse feasts than my
body lie in thy acrid stomach, my lord. Dost remember Zarah?"
and her great yellow-white teeth snarled like an angry animal as
she clutched angrily at the youth's long, white mantle to tear it
from his now shaking body.
"Slave — viper — toad of the Nile — let me set foot upon thee as
thou hast earned."
The crowd of gaudily-attired young men sought to stay his'
hand but he had seized the dusky slave girl and was upon her
body with strangling fingers before even her master could inter-
pose to save his chattels.
"What ho — for a dirty trickster," cried the slave-seller, as
236 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the furious youth crushed the Hfe from the blackened throat of
his victim, "you shall pay me thrice her value, you son of a
Shemite."
"Mardan," cried a young man in flowing brown robes who
had pushed his way with massive shoulders into the midst of the
melee. "Is this thy pastime? To consort with evil of the
lowest — " and then seeing the jerking body of the slave-girl in
the last throes of death, he gasped — "and to add murder to all thy
bestial lusts. Oh my God, God of Heber, of Shem and of our
father Noah — what are we coming to in this land of daylight
crimes and midnight orgies ! Nimrod may forgive you for this
cruel unnecessary murder, but your God never will."
"Who told thee to spy on me, thou sychophant? I am
Mardan, and the son's son of thy father's father Noah, and am a
son of Nimrod by adoption. My mother was an Assyrian princess.
Who art thou ? A reader of the stars — a maker of records — a fol-
lower of a forgotten religion. Cease thy constant preachments, or
I'll serve thee as I've served this toad of the lower Nile."
Mardan's face was purple with unholy passions, and he sprang
boldly up to face his opponent, with flamboyant gesture, his arm
raised as if to strike or crush the new opposer of his will, yet
he knew full well as did Abram, that this by-play was mere bluster.
The other youth, whose lion-like head was crowned with thick
dark brown locks of waving beauty, threw up his face with calm
courage, and something of proud contempt ; there dwelt so much
majesty i nthe stern glance that he cast down upon the slight,
belligerent form of his kinsman that he looked a god amongst
his mean surroundings. The narrow, dirty street was now crowded
with a congested mass of blear-eyed, frowsy slaves, soldiers,
thieves, professional thugs of the secret orders, and just as Mar-
dan raised his arm to strike the newcomer, the slave-seller raised
his own bludgeon to beat the murderer of his poor slave; but
Mardan turned to him as quickly as a flash of forked lightning, and
with two crossed fingers on his open palm, he gave a sign. The
slave-seller backed from him, his lips muttering some incantations
which became jibbering idiocy as he slunk away in terror from the
youth who had thus cooled his fierce anger on the instant. The
others of the patrician group of idlers and curiosity seekers saw
a part of the play and some understood the secret sign and some
only laughed in hardened glee at the rare sport of such a sight.
The brown-haired prince who had seen this vicious by-play now
stood with arms crossed upon his swelling breast while he said
sternly to his kinsman:
"Mardan. does this mean that you have joined the secret
order of the Cushites?"
The youth addressed was trying to adjust his disordered
raiment and to push his way out of the reeking crowds who now
A PRINCE OF UR. 237
surrounded the group thus strangely found in such quarters and
at such a time. His face, distorted a moment since with wild
anger and dastardly impulses, was now calm, as he masked his
deepest emotions with an effort ; then turned with some degree of
calmness to his interlocutor and replied with a return of his
usual oily courtesy:
"Kinsman, you are not wont to pry into affairs that concern
you not. What hath come to thee ? Shall ,1 report thee to Father
Terah as a meddler and brawler?"
The smooth irony in the tone stung the brown-haired man,
and his fair cheek glowed with the covert taunt. But he controlled
himself.
By this time, several of the minions of the law were at the
scene of the affray and both youths were at once the recipient of
profound salaams from the dusky soldiers.
"Take the body of this poor child," said the kingly Abram,
"and give it burial. Here are coins with which to purchase decent
burial robes. Report this deed, just as I give it to you to the
captain of the South Gate. I will see him myself at the day-dawn
of tomorrow and give him the verbal account, with the missive
which shall be engraved for your use tonight upon tablets. Haste,
for the people crowd to gaze upon the poor wretch."
With silent fury, the handsome and dissolute young murderer
gnashed his impotent teeth thus to see the superior homage and
obedience paid to Prince Abram by both soldiers and people ; a
homage which his royal birth and his own secret associations and
ceaseless efforts to ingratiate himself with the lords and over-lords
of Assyria could never seem to buy.
"Thou settest thyself up, Abram, as the keeper of the honor of
Ur. We shall see what our father saith unto thee," Mardan
cried.
So saying, he swept his white robes over his fine young
shoulders and with his followers, he managed to quit the horrid
place of his recent murderous debauchery. What he lacked in
physical prowess, he made up in facial symmetry. But the in-
herent weakness and vanity of his soul gave occasional bitterness
to his bulging, blue eyes and paleness to his pasty skin. As ever,
when in lustful anger, those pale blue eyes now seemed to start
from their sockets in fearsome looseness, as they would drop
upon his face in his transports of rage.
The young prince Abram remained behind to soothe the excited
crowds,, to direct the soldiers, and quiet the populace ; then finally,
after seeing the mangled body of the slave carried away in some
order and decency, he passed hence murmuring in grieved accents :
"To know that such things can happen unchecked and un-
questioned in the public streets of my beautiful Ur. Alas, what
destiny are these licentious Chaldeans courting when rapine and
238 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
murder go unheeded on every side. It is because they scorn the
truth, they trample the God Jehweh under their feet, and mock at
His ordinances."
He rapidly retraced his steps, leaving the lower portions of
the crowded city behind him, as he sought the nearest way to his
father's palace on the left of the city's principal gateways.
It was past the mid-day hour, but the hot and glimmering
rock paved streets were almost silent in the absence of any but
laborers and soldiers, during this dreaded mid-day season. His
own head ached with the pressure of the tragedy he had just
witnessed, as much as through the glare of the merciless sun upon
his now white-turbaned brown locks. His robe was lacking in the
rich fringing and ornamentation of his fashionable companions, but
there was something so majestic, so god-like in tlie very manner
of this kingly youth that no one failed to turn and gaze after him
as he swept quickly through the better streets of Ur.
- The blare of the silver trumpets on the towers of the great
Temple of Elkanah smote his ear as he turned into the broad ave-
nue which led into the scented gardens and terraces of those noble
courts. He caught a glimpse of the white robes of his recent
companions, just as they rounded the last white step which led up
into the Temple terraced gardens.
"From murder to feasting with the gods — " he muttered as his
lips set grimly across his stern face. "What mockery and what
consummate devilishness of life's best meaning do these rotten
youths of Ur not develop? My God and my King — what may I
do — what can I do — to stem this awful tide of wickedness."
His face was quivering with impotent grief, and his heart
burned like molten iron in his breast. Standing at the foot of the
steps that led to the courts of wicked and idolatrous worship above,
he cried aloud in the open street under the sinking sun —
"God of Shem and of Noah, to Thee I dedicate my life — my
body, my soul and my whole future ! Here on these polluted steps
I offer to the One God of the Earth my vows of eternal fidelity !"
No attention was paid to his words, as many public vows
were there uttered.
And no answering voice from the heavens sealed his renewed
covenant, but instantly there swept over his spirit a peace that
stilled the raging waters of sorrow within and the light of heaven
illumined his face as he slowly drew down his arms and resumed
his walk eastward.
Cto be continued.)
Genealogy.
The Excursion to California.
The Genealogical Society of Utah has been invited by Presi-
dent James A. Barr, Director of all the Congresses, to be held in
San Francisco during the Panama-Pacific Exposition, to hold three
sessions of the Utah Society during the last week in July, at which
time there will also be held an international congress on Genealogy.
The Utah Society has accepted this invitation, and they have
appointed the following committee, on the California Congress:
Joseph F. Smith, Jr., chairman ; Joseph Christensen, Susa Young
Gates, Elizabeth C. McCune, Janette A. Hyde, Jessie Penrose
Jones.
This Committee has met and formulated a partial program,
which will be published later, and which will also be published by
the Utah Society in pamphlet form, to use at the Exposition.
The General Board of the Relief Society are represented on
this committee, not only by Mrs. McCune and Mrs. Gates — who
are members of the Board — but also by Mrs. Janette A. Hyde who,
although a member of the Genealogical Society, has not been
directly connected with the work of the Woman's Committee of
that organization. She is, however, on the Genealogical Com-
mittee of the General Board of the Relief Society, and has been
most active and useful on that committee.
The Relief Society extension work will be reported in the
evening session of Utah Day. at the Genealogical Congress. For
that purpose, we are very anxious for a report, regarding all of the
work accomplished in the various stakes, through the Genealogical
Committees of the stake. This report was called for last fall, but
we shall want another one sent in not later than the end of May,
so that a proper report can be prepared to read in San Francisco
at the Congress.
Delegates will be chosen, and each stake genealogical com-
mittee will be invited to representation in the delegation which
will go to San Francisco from this state. The rates will be suf-
ficiently moderate to permit of a great many going to this Con-
gress. * We have sufficient information to justify us in saying that
$50 will be enough to pay the expenses of any reasonable delegate
from this city to San Francisco and return, including a week's
stop at the Fair, with board and lodging expenses included.
It is hoped that President Anthon H. Lund, President Charles
W. Penrose, Elder Joseph F. Smith, Jr., Bishop Joseph Christen-
sen, Recorder Duncan AlcAllister, Elder Nephi Anderson, and
most of the members of the Woman's Committee will be there.
Current Topics.
By James H. Anderson.
South America is developing rapidly in civilization. In 1914,
the Argentine republic alone spent over $10,000,000 for autos and
auto trucks.
The Governor of Utah vetoed the bill passed at the recent
session of the legislature as a prohibition bill, and set forth that
it was not in reality a temperance measure !
The recent trouble at the University of Utah, briefly stated,
was an effort of employes and beneficiaries of the institution to
conduct its affairs in a manner out of harmony with the laws of
the State ; consequently the sentiment of well-informed people was
opposed to the attempt. Whatever else may be the outcome, the
damage done to the University as a temple of learning may not
be repaired in a decade.
Frances Frear of New York makes this timely remark, which
should find a response in the hearts of women outside of as well
as within the Empire State : "The girl who breaks over the con-
ventions society has built up for its protection may deceive herself
into thinking this is the way to have a good time, but in the end
it always brings regret, and sometimes remorse over a blighted
career." We would add that this remark applies with even
greater force to the youths of Zion, for we have no double stand-
ard of virtue here.
The more general use than at present of maize or Indian corn
as an article of human diet is being urged in high official and
society circles in the United States. The basis of this urging is
much more in the prospective necessity for staple foodstuffs than
in any superiority which corn has over wheat in the present ratio
of consumption of the latter ; it also affords another strong inti-
n'iation, coming from those in a position to know, of the wisdom
of conserving a good supply of the staff of life for close-by emer-
sencies.
Up to the first of April, more than 60,000 Christians had
been massacred in Turkey since the latter nation joined arms with
Germany and Austria in the great European war; while the un-
namable atrocities upon women and children are numbered by
CURRENT TOPICS. 241
scores of thousands. This, added to Turkey's record in like Hnes
for generations past, would seem to have filled the Turkish "cup
of indig-nation" to the brim, and not only to justify but to demand
that in the name of humanity the Ottoman rule in eastern Europe
and western Asia should be brought to its close.
Brig.-Gen. Hugh L. Scott, chief of stafT of the United States
army, who went into San Juan county, Utah, to secure the sur-
render of the hostile Indians there, was entirely successful, and
the trouble in that vicinity is ended. By his persuasive treatment
he not only efifected the arrest of the Indians for whom writs had
been issued, but also brought about an amicable settlement of the
whole difficulty, thus insuring peace and safety to both white and
Indian inhabitants more effectively than could have been done
through force of arms by any number of men. He adopted and
carried to successful issue the methods used by the founder of this
state, Brigham Young.
Not the least of the food difficulties attending the European
war is the transformation of the richest marine food-producing
area in the world to a waste, so far as present production is con-
cerned. No other area in all the seas has given to humanity such
rich supplies of food as the strait which separates Great Britain
from the rest of Europe. All of the belligerent nations except
Turkey, and also Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Holland, and
Switzerland, are suiTerers from the war's interference with the
North Sea fishing industry. Although the smallest of the nations
concerned, yet Switzerland's normal purchases of fish from that
region reached nearly a million dollars a year, which now is en-
tirely stopped. The catch in the North Sea area is chiefly her-
ring, haddock, cod, and plaice.
Germany's developed desire to have Italy engage in the war
specifically as an enemy to Austria is easily understandable. Italy
was not on the side of Germany in the earlier months of the war,
but was actually being pushed, by internal pressure, to action
against the kaiser. The latter's diplomats succeeded in averting
that enmity by advocating a cession of territory to Italy by Aus-
tria, and the latter's refusal directed the antagonism of Italy
against the dual monarchy. The effect of this is that when the
great war is ended, Italy will have friendly feelings towards Ger-
many— feelings that will count mightily in Germany's favor in
any settlement, since Italy also will be friendly with the allies
which constitute Germany's antagonists. Truly, the "heathen
Chinee" is no more peculiar than the ways of the diplomat.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Nfrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie Mrs. Rebecca Nicbaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddington
frs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor Susa Young Gates
Business Manager Janettk A. Hydb
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's, Building. Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II. MAY, 1915. No. 5
Parents' Day.
Some well disposed persons have pro-
A Mothers' posed and actually made popular the observ-
Day. ance of a Mothers' Day in the month of May.
This movement is akin to the Mothers' Con-
gress which was so popular a decade since, but which is ap-
parently rapidly falling into the neglect of forgotten things.
There are two reasons which bid fair to make similar ship-
wreck of the Mothers' Day observance, sooner or later.
Men and women who actually build up,
The Builders create and advance life's best interests are
and Creators of too busy to stop and talk about what they are
Home and State, doing. A great nation is builded ; the pio-
neers and state-builders lay down their weary
tools and are content to sleep the long sleep forgotten — for the
work they have done was its own exceeding great reward.
The lesser minds following after exclaim at the miracle which
has been wrought, and they write the history thereof. Said
Brigham Young, when asked if he had read a certain history,
— "I have been too busy making history to read history."
EDITORIAL. 243
The parents who create a home and who rear a family
are too busy to sit down and contemplate admiringly their
work. Children look back and exclaim at the labors per-
formed by their good parents. But they in turn are also
creating a home, making family history, which their descend-
ants will scan with more or less pleased wonder.
Parents who rear children are translat-
Emotional ing their emotions into practical everyday
Outbursts. realities. The emotional outbursts that oc-
cur in a community given over to an exag-
gerated consideration of sentimental matters, will either drift about
from one novel emotion to a newer one, or people will grow
tired of it all, and finally settle down to a harder and less sym-
pathetic plane of action and demeanor. This is the natural reaction
to emotional stimulus. We have therefore this danger ahead
of Mothers' Day.
A more serious menace is attached to
A Pretty this pretty custom, which has so much charm
Custom. and appeal for every man born of woman.
All the best impulses of a man's nature cen-
ter around his mother. She was his nurse, his playmate, his
confidant, and his sympathizer. And if the mother has
thoughtlessly or selfishly permitted the image and ideal of the
father to be a misty blur on the children's inner vision — if she
has not begun and ended her teachings with a tender rever-
ence for the father's position, obedience to his counsel, love
for his personality, and consideration for his limitations, she
has failed in her primal duty. No after sorrow on her part
can restore to her children the reverence, the delicate com-
radeship and the beautiful devotion which should be as bind-
ing a cord between children and father as between children
and mother.
Another custom that is growing in our
Over-Emphasis midst, is the undue emphasis placed upon
on Motherhood, motherhood. Motherhood is exploited, ex-
tolled, and deified, until the very word strikes
an inharmonious chord in the breast of a true wife and mother.
Why shall a mother be remembered and a father be forgotten ?
Why invoke unnumbered blessings upon the head of a mother,
and forget to comfort and cheer the burdened and weary
father? If a mother has been a real mother — and not a make-
shift— she has begun her work by teaching her babies from
the dawn of their comprehension until they leave her roof,
that reverence and obedience belong to father and mother alike ;
and she is herself but a part of that glorious parenthood which will
exalt and finally deify the race of mankind.
244 RELIEf SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
The mothers of the Relief Society should
Parents' Duty take themselves and their motherhood very
to Each Other, seriously. They should begin by teaching
and to Their their children and their grandchildren to rev-
Children, erence the husband and the father in the
home. His w^ord should be lawr and his
wishes paramount. The easiest chair, the best food, the most
comfortable situation should be given to the man who gives
his very life to the providing" of comfort and sustenance for the
inmates of his household; and this should be done, not because
it is required, but because true love dictates that loving service.
The intelligent father will return this teaching in kind to his
children. He will see that the best is shared with mother,
that the children show all reverence to her. If a young couple
have begun life aright, they have discussed these matters and
have agreed to train their children to respect both father and
mother. This training must be mutual to be perfectly satis-
factory.
Let us have done with the separation of
A Parents' parenthood into its component parts. If we
Day. are to have a day for remembering mothers,
let the mothers refuse to be so remembered
unless the fathers receive first consideration. Only in that
way shall fatherhood and motherhood come into its own and
be worthy of the divine pattern set us by our Father and
mother in heaven.
The Annual April Conference of the Relief Society of the
Church convened April 2nd in the Assembly Hall, with President
Emmeline B. Wells, presiding. There was the largest attendance
and the most lively interest manifested in each session of the
Conference witnessed in the Society for many years. All of the
topics treated were given in a crisp and illuminating fashion that
must have convinced the hearts of all present that the Relief So-
ciety is up and doing.
President Wells presided with her usual gentle dignity, ably
assisted by her Counselors Clarissa Williams and Julina L. Smith.
The music was exceptionally fine, and every phase of the
Conference was expressive and delightful.
There is neither time nor space to give the full minutes of the
Conference in this issue ; but they will appear in our next number
in full.
Correspondents would confer a great favor on the Secretaries
at Headquarters by giving the town, state and stake address
ALWAYS, at the top of letters. Date and sign your letters with
full name.
EDITORIAL. 245
RELIEF SOCIETY STAKE CONFERENCES.
The Relief Society stake conferences will be held during the
months of May, June, July, and November. Those appointed for
May, June, and July will be held in connection with the stake
quarterly conferences, while those appointed for November will
be held independently.
CONFERENCE PROGRAM.
First Session.
Public Session, Saturday, 2:00 p. m.
Conjoint meeting of Relief Society and Primary Association.
As this is a session of the stake quarterly conference, the
meeting will be held under the direction of the stake authorities.
Address — "Place and Work of the Relief Society," by repre-
sentative of the General Board of the Relief Society.
Address — "Pioneer \\^ork," representative of the General
Board of Primary.
Remarks : »
Second Session.
Business Meeting, Saturday, 4:30 or 7:30 p. m.
(Note: Hour to be decided by the Stake Board.)
Roll call.
Report of stake by Stake President.
Report of Relief Society activities by stake officers or by
chairmen of committees.
Discussion.
Third Session.
Officers' Meeting, Sunday, 9:00 to 10:30 a. m.
CONFERENCE DATES.
May 1 and 2 — South Sanpete, San Luis, Summit, Taylor, Boise.
May 8 and 9 — Wayne, Emery, Millard, Juab, Alberta, St. Johns.
May 15 and 16 — Blackfoot, Bannock, Teton, Bingham, Pocatello,
Malad, Snowflake.
May 22 and 23 — Maricopa, Big Horn, Young, Shelley, Panguitch.
May 29 and 30 — Kanab, St. Joseph, Rigby, Morgan, San Juan.
June 5 and 6 — Oneida, Union, Moapa, Star Valley, St. George.
June 19 and 20 — Uintah, Parowan, North Sanpete, Fremont, Tooele.
June 26 and 27 — Duchesne, Sevier, Deseret, Bear Lake.
July 17 and 18 — Benson, Beaver, Hyrun.
July 24 and 25 — Wasatch, Woodruff, Yellowstone, Cassia.
November — Alpine, Box Elder, Cache, Davis, Ensign, Granite,
Jordan, Bear River, Liberty, North Weber, Ogden, Pioneer, Salt Lake,
L^tah, Weber, Nebo, Cottonwood. (Carbon conference was held in
March.)
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Second Week.
Lesson II — Baptism for the Dead.
(a) Baptism required of all human souls.
(b) Spirits in Prison.
(c) Vicarious Baptism During and After Paul's Time.
(d) Necessary for Man's Eternal Welfare.
questions.
1. Why should all people born on the earth be baptized?
2. Who were the spirits in prison?
3. Where do the spirits go after death to await the resur-
rection? (See II Nephi 9:13; Alma 40:12-14; Moroni 10:34.)
4. What does the word vicarious mean? (See dictionary.)
5. What effect will a person's neglect in looking after his
dead have upon himself or herself?
Baptism for the Dead. — That baptism is required from all
capable of exercising faith and manifesting repentance is shown
by the fact that provision is made in the gospel for the baptism
of those who pass away without being baptized for themselves.
In the spirit world, where the gospel is preached and the powers
of the priesthood are exercised, faith and repentance are possible
' — but baptism is not, it being an outward ordinance, having to do
with a temporal element — water — and therefore to be administered
in a temporal world. Since it is the soul that is baptized, not the
spirit alone, baptism is impracticable in the world of spirits.
Spirits in Prison. — Peter's testimony concerning Christ's
preaching to "the spirits in prison" during the interval between
his death and resurrection — spirits disobedient in the days of
Noah, swept off by the deluge, and immured in eternal dungeons
to await a day of deliverance ; the apostle's figurative use of the
GUIDE LESSONS. 247
ark and flood as symbols of baptism, that "doth also now save us ;"
and his further statement that "for this cause was the gospel also
preached to them that are dead, that they might be judged accord-
ing to men in the flesh, but live according to God in the spirit,"
are too well known to need dwelling upon (I Peter 3 :18-21 ; 4-6).
Vicarious Baptism During and After Paul's Time. —
That baptism for the dead was practiced in the Church of Christ
drring Paul's time is evident from his oft-quoted words: "Else
what shall they do which are baptized for the dead, if the dead
rise not at all? Why are they then baptized for the dead?" (I
Cor. 15:29). That the practice continued after Paul's time,
among some of the Christians of Asia, we learn from Epiphanius,
a writer of the fourth century. It was forbidden bv the Council
of Carthage, A. D. 397.
Vicarious work, when authorized of God, is acceptable to him.
This should not startle the Christian mind, when it is remembered
that the whole fabric of Christianity rests upon the vicarious work
done by Jesus Christ for the redemption and salvation of those
who were powerless to redeem and save themselves. Men cannot
answer by proxy for the deeds done in the body, but there have
always been ceremonies in the Church of Christ that one person
might perform for another. The priest who ministers in behalf of
the people is a tvpe of the Great Mediator, "our onlv access unto
God."
If baptism had not been essential to salvation, Christ would
not have told Nicodemus what he did ; the apostles would not have
been sent to "baptize all nations ;" Peter, Paul, and other servants
of God, would not have commanded Jews and Gentiles to be bap-
tized, nor would they have emphasized the necessity of baptism
in their writings. Moreover, they would not have troubled them-
selves about baptism for the dead, had it not been necessary for
man's eternal welfare.— From Gospel Themes, by Orson F. Whit-
ney.
Genealogy.
Third Week,
Lesson III — Approximating Dates.
If the class will open their last lesson on Genealogy in the
April IMagazine, on page 203, the form there given will furnish
this month's lesson.
You will note the first name, William Young, who is said to
have been born "about" 1698. You will find other dates on this
form with the word "about" placed just before them. Again, you
will see that this same William Young is said to be, in the "Where
248 " RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Born" column, "of" Hopkinton. So are his wife and two chil-
dren. While his grandchildren are all born in Hopkinton.
Now these two words, "about" and "of" are used very care-
fully by the true genealogist. We may be permitted to guess at
dates and places of birth under certain conditions. If we have
evidence that a man really lived in a certain town, we may say
that he was "of" that town. We should not say that, however,
unless we have good evidence to substantiate that fact. We do
wrong to give haphazard facts, or to make loose guesses as to
where and when persons were born or lived.
So, too, there is a pretty safe rule to be followed in estimat-
ing a man's birth, if we have the true dates of his parents or
children to work on. Even then we should not do work for a
man unless we know that he lived. It is true we have all had
parents and grandparents back to Adam ; but we cannot assume
that their surnames were the same as ours ; for, the habit of sur-
naming people is a comparatively modern one. If we have the
Christian names of our dead kinspeople and some dates and facts
to go on, we may approximate some dates, and some facts.
For instance : we do not know when William Young or his
wife Hannah were born ; but we know when William's son Joseph
and his daughter Elizabeth were married. Elizabeth, the oldest
child, was married 22nd June, 1743. Assuming that she was
about twenty years old, when she was married — which is a good
average assumption for a woman's age at marriage — then she was
born in 1723. Next, if we assume that her father was about
twenty-five years old when Elizabeth was born — that also being a
safe average for a father's age on the birth of his oldest child —
William Young would be born "about" 1698. William's wife
Hannah would be in all probability about five years younger than
her husband. So now, we may formulate a rule for :
APPROXIMATING DATES.
Allow five years hctzveen the ages of the parents, and twenty-
five years hetiueen the father and his'cldest child.
In other words, twenty-five years between generations is a
pretty safe average in approximating birth dates. If you will
take the trouble to go back on your own line, for a century or two
— if you have a long pedigree — you will find that your dates fall
pretty well in this average. If you have any one date, you should
not approximate any other date.
There is one point, however, which must be emphasized in
this matter: always laliel your "guess" facts and dates as such.
When you are guessing at a person's birth date or place of birth,
use the words "about" and "of." Then everybody knows these
are approximated facts and dates.
GUIDE LESSONS.
249
It is unnecessary to guess at birth dates, if you have death
dates, dates of burial, of marriage, of deeds or other fixed dates
for the person. It is only when no date at all is known that you
are justified in approximating a birth date. And even then, no
death or marriage date should ever he approximated. A man is
certainly born, but he might not have been married at all, although
the father of a family.
If a man is spoken of in a record as a widower, you may
safely write in the death column that his wife died "prior to" the
date of his second marriage ; and in that case, there is no need of
approximating a birth date for the wife. The same rule holds
good concerning the date of a man's death when his wife is spoken
of as a "widow." You can say that he died "prior to" the date
of the widow's second marriage, repeating the marriage date of
the widow in the death column of the first husband, preceded with
the words, "prior to." For example :
NAME
When Born
Where Born
Died
Mr. Smith
Mrs. Mary Smith, (widow)
John Jones
2nd
5
Marr
May
iage
1705
of Boston, Mass.
Pr
5
i 0 r
May
to
17
Home Ethics and Art.
ETHICS.
LESSON IV — EOCNOMY. «
Human beings cannot live without money or its equivalent.
Therefore, the accumulation of means and its wise expenditure
is one of the great problems of life, and certainly has its ethical
value.
The unwise handling of property is a frequent cause of
trouble between husands and wives. It causes difficulties between
parents and children, or between brothers and sisters. And friends
may become enemies on account of money matters.
There is a vast difiference between miserliness and wasteful-
ness ; either extreme is a serious fault, and should be studiously
avoided : but to make lavish use of means on a moderate income
is a great sin.
All people who have the strength and the intelligence to
labor should have the strength of character and the intelligence to
save a portion of the product of their labors. Small savings per-
sistently gathered, amount to great accumulations in the passing
250 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
of the years. Such a course provides against poverty and de-
pendence.
Nearly always, the people who can and do help others are
people who understand economy and practice it — often to the
extent of great self denial.
Poverty is a disgrace, when it is the result of shiftlessness,
indolence or self-indulgence.
Wealth is a credit when it is the result of labor, intelligence,
care and self-denial.
It is much easier to spend money than to earn, and frequently
it is easier to earn money than to save it.
Uncivilized man has little care for the future and spends
with lavish hand. With him it is often a case of "feast or famine."
Men of higher intelligence try to provide for the future,
and to be prepared for any emergency.
Civilized man has many needs and many more wants. It is
a fine thing to be able to discriminate between our actual -needs
which are not usually expensive and our many Avants which cost
so much.
Samuel Smiles says : "It is only when men become wise and
thoughtful that they become frugal. Hence, the best means of
making men and women provident is to make them wise."
People sometimes hesitate to be frugal for fear of being
called stingy. It is far better to be called stingy than really to be
unwise. And in deciding just what one will spend, there is an
opportunity for discipline and self-control.
In most families the man is the wage earner, and the woman
is largely responsible for the expenditure. That fact clearly im-
plies the need and the importance of the careful training of girls
for their responsibilities. It is quite as important for girls to learn
to spend money wisely as it is that boys should be taught how to
earn money and how to invest their savings wisely and carefully.
In family life, the husband and wife should co-operate. There
should be a perfect understanding between them as to financial
matters. Many a man has become discouraged and many another
has gone to financial ruin, and quite needlessly so, just because
his wife did not have the right understanding in regard to his
business aflfairs. Women sometimes become indififerent, and even
reckless, because of the management or mismanagement of the
head of the family.
The regular monthly allowance for the home, handed over
to the wife, when possible, would put an end to much difficulty
and mental turmoil.
The training schools for boys and girls in business and in
home-life have done very much to make interesting and popular
the kind of work that once was looked upon as drudgery. They
GUIDE LESSONS. 251
teach us how to get the best resuhs with the least expenditure of
energy and means.
There is joy in labor well performed, and it certainly con-
tributes to happiness and refinement in home life.
Our government, too, issues bulletins of great value to hus-
bandmen and housewives, containing matter prepared by scientific
experts.
It seems as if the time must arrive when ignorance on prac-
tical subjects will be almost inexcusable.
Our revered pioneer leaders, in early times of great need, did
much to educate the untrained people of their day. President
Brigham Young was a noted economist, theoretical and practical.
One saying repeated of him is : "A housewife can throw out
of the window with a teaspoon as fast as a man can shovel in at the
door." Another, "If you have a million bushels of wheat, you
have not one kernel to waste."
It is said of President George A. Smith that he never went
into a town that he did not give practical and useful advice, citing
instances for the betterment of conditions. His clear-sightedness
caused others to see what might otherwise have gone unobserved.
These are only two of the inspired, leading men. Among our
beloved women leaders there were highest examples of refine-
ment, industry, thrift, economy and noble womanhood.
Elizabeth S. Wilcox.
questions.
Give some results of unwise handling of property.
Name some extremes we should avoid.
When is poverty a disgrace?
When is wealth a credit?
Tell the difference between civilized and uncivilized men, on
the subject of economy.
Who are the frugal people?
What should be the attitude of people towards constructive
criticism?
What about the training of boys and girls ?
What about mutual understanding and co-operation, in family
hfe?
Give some of your views in regard to settling the difficulties
that arise.
What effect has industrial training in the schools had upon
our community ?
Name some of the ways in which free information of high
value may be obtained?
How was it in the early days?
Let each member be ready with a quotation suitable to the
subject. — E. s. w.
252 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
ART.
If there is anything lovely * * * ^yg g^gj^ after these
things. "Articles of Faith," written by Joseph Smith.
Devotees and their Shrines pp. 36-55.
(a) In what is Alfred Lambourne most gifted? What are
his favorite themes. Which of his books have you read ?
(b) What has J. T. Harwood's influence been on Utah Art?
Outline his attainments. What effect has his temperate life exerted
upon his art? Describe his versatility as an artist. Which of his
pictures do you like best? Why? Which shows most feeling?
strongest imagination? most dramatic power? most love or most
feeling? Where were these five pictures exhibited in Europe?
To what group of pictures belongs "The Old Mill" in Liberty
Park? This mill was built by Brigham Young. Have you visited
it? Describe this mill. Where does James T. Harwood teach?
What does Rose Hartwell say of him? p. 67. Show, or describe,
one of Harwood's paintings that you have seen. What constitutes
the Utah Art Institute? What work did J. B. Fairbanks do for the
Art Institute? Give a resume of his life and work. Tell some-
thing of his sons. J. Leo and Avard. Describe his picture you like
best. What are his favorite themes? What can you say of his
copies? Have you visited the Old Social Hall to see the pictures
exhibited by Salt Lake Artists?
Colds.
By Maud Baggarley.
"Just an ordinary cold" is a very common expression. But
people are beginning to awaken to the fact that a cold is not
ordinary, and calls for "first aid" immediately. Many persons
never fully recover from the efifects of a neglected, ordinary cold.
It often leaves in its wake serious afflictions, the greatest of these
being tuberculosis. A cold prepares the way for these foes greater
than itself.
Many make the mistake of dressing too warmly and wearing
too many wrappings about the throat ; others have the clothing
unevenly distributed about the body. The older people usually
wear too much, the young too little. If it were only possible for
both classes to strike the happy medium !
COLDS. 253
Other factors in the production of "ordinary colds" are the
stove or furnace in winter, and closed doors and windows. The
feet should be kept dry — and warm if possible — the shoes not too
tight ; round garters should not be worn, as they interfere with
the circulation ; the food should be plain and easily digested, since
colds are often caused by over-eating. (I heard a physician say,
recently, that the greater per cent of cases of pneumonia in chil-
dren comes from injudicious diet.) The home should be well ven-
tilated. One should keep in mind, however, the fact that cold air
is not always pure air. Cold air, from an unused room, may be
stale and loaded with impurities.
The treatment for a cold is simple and inexpensive. The cir-
culation must be equalized, since there is always a disturbance. At
the onset of a cold, one should drink quantities of hot water, take
a dose of physic, and go to bed for a few hours, or a day, if pos-
sible.
On retiring at night, take the juice of half a lemon in a glass
of water; soak the feet in hot water; and put a cloth wrung out
of cold water about the neck, and cover with a dry cloth. If there
is a cough, eat dry salt freely. A teaspoonful of glycerine taken
at intervals is also good for the cough, but nothing is better than
dry table salt.
If the cold is not better the second day, put a mustard plaster
on the chest until the skin is red, but not burned, afterwards anoint
with olive oil. Mentholatum and Lyman's Cough Embrocation
are both excellent to rub on neck and chest to relieve the cold.
The diet must be light, nourishing, and easily digested, that
the organs of elimination may be free to throw off the waste.
Rest is necessary. Most drugs are useless— the simple, home
remedies being best.
A stubborn cold that refuses to yield to home treatment may
be the beginning of serious trouble, hence, a reliable physician
should be called.
Whatever you do, never neglect a cold.
FARM WOMEN.
Women interested in Home Improvement on the farm should
write to Senator Reed Smoot, Senate Office Building No. 215,
Washington, D. C., or the Senator from the State in which they
live, for report 104 "Domestic Needs of Farm Women," Report
105. "Educational Needs of Farm Women," and Report 106
"Economic Needs of Farm Women."
McCONAHAY'S Stock of Cameos said to be one
of the largest shown in the country.
We welcome the chance
to show them to you.
$1.00 to $300.
McCONAHAY
THE JEWELER
64 Main Street
Salt Lake City
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Wtiatch 207 67 E. South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
— — INCOPI>OJ»ATED —
SALT LAKE CITY -UTAH
The shoe store for the whole family— and
every pair of shoes a "Money Back" quality.
SALT LAKE'S LARGEST AND
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All Relief Society Mem-
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in the guide, need.
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Send to this magazine headquarters or
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Price $ 1 .25 postpaid. 1 20 illustrations
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"OLDER THAN THE STATE OF UTAH'
Only Under The Jensen Name Will You
Find "Jensen" Quality
There are scores of butters. But super-quality such as Jensen's
Butters are noted for, is to be found only under the "Jensen" name.
Two styles put up: "Four-in-one," four separately wrapped prints, and
"Blanchard," the standard size print. Both full pound in weight.
Call for them by name.
Jensen Greamery Go.
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
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HOME OFFICE:
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UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK
Your Account is Cordially Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH. Pre..
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
tive and moderate-priced articles
for rent or purchase, for use in
the Temple, should apply to
Relief Society Headquarters,
Room 29, Bishop's Bldg.
HOME VISITORS'
EXCURSIONS EAST
DECEMBER 19 and 22, 1914
Following- low round trip fares will prevail
from Salt Lake City :
Denver or Colorado Springs $22.50
Omaha or Kansas City 40.00
Memphis 59.85
Chicago 59.72
St. Paul or Minneapolis 53.86
Proportionately low rates from other points on
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many other points.
See agents for particulars.
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Girls, prepare yourselves for ideal wives and mothers, by securing
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College of the State of Utah.
Vol. II
JUNE, 1915
No. 6
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF. JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
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The Relief Society Magazine
Oivned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
JUNE, 1915.
Mother Love Maud Baggarley 255
The Genealogical Convention at the Fair. . . .Janette A. Hyde 257
The April Conference Amy Brown Lyman 260
Early Development of the Textile Art Rose H. Widtsoe 266
Clothing The Two Sarahs 269
In the Kitchen Laboratory 272
Health Development Maud Baggarley 274
Notes from the Field " 276
A Prince of Ur Homespun 279
Current Topics James H. Anderson 285
Genealogy 287
Editorial : The Battle of Wills 290
Guide 293
ADVERTISERS* DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist.
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
AMERICAN THEATER
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., Vermont Building, Salt Lake City.
BUTLER'S BOOTERY, Salt Lake City.
CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
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DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
JENSEN CREAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 555 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS. Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 242
South Main, Salt Lake City.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street.
Salt Lake City.
THOMAS, Photographer.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO.. 8 South Main, Salt Lake City.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY
HEADQUARTERS
For Approved Garments and Ladies' Utah Made
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Postage Prepaid and Samples Sent on Request
CUTLER'S, 36 Main Street
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Mother-Love.
By Maud Baggarley.
Of all thy gifts, dear Lord,
I count the wondrous mother-love, the greatest, best,
The purest impulse earth doth know ;
The quickening power by which we grow
In grace and favor, day by day ;
The pure, white flame which thou hast sent
To guide us on the upward way.
And thou didst give it not alone
To one who journeys down to death
That she may hear a little wailing cry and fluttering breath —
And quickened with a thrill divine,
Know joy akin to thine
When thou didst look upon a new made world
And call it good ;
Nay, not to her alone,
But also unto one with empty arms ;
A suppliant at thy throne.
Whose loving mother-heart
No other feels beneath her own :
Yet thou didst give a wealth of tenderness
To her — all desolate and lone —
That little seeking hands might find the empty groping ones
And need and pure desire
Be warmed beside a sacred fire
Of mother-love.
And too, the bird with broken wing whose bitter cry doth lure
away
In anguished fear unwary one too near a hidden nest —
She too is moved by the great, tender, mother-heart
Within her throbbing breast.
From bird to man whom thou in thine own image made.
And told to upward look all unafraid.
Each hath within his inmost heart
A portion of that self-effacing love
By grace of which he plays a kingly part,
Performs brave deeds and high.
Which wakens all the soul of him
And fits him for the sky.
For mother-love is but a tiny spark
Of that pure fire, divine,
That burns within that holy heart of thine —
Since thou, thvself, art love, O God !
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. JUNE, 1915. No. 6.
The Genealogical Convention at the
Fair.
By Janette A. Hyde.
If I were asked to name the one most beautiful and unique
feature of the Panama-Pacific Exposition, which Mrs. Rebecca C.
Nibley and myself visited recently, I would say, it is the wonder-
ful electrical displays which make the nights a blaze of glory and
a dream of fairyland. Particularizing a little and answering the
question as to how we spent our two days, and how others might
best spend ten days at the convention, I might begin as we
began, with a visit to the Utah Building. We have a beautiful
state building, within and without. Everybody from the state is
expected to go there and register, get programs, write letters, and
rest in the luxurious rest-rooms ; and if one is ill or overtired, a
little light refreshment is served. Everybody meets everybody in
the Utah Building, and we were exceedingly proud of our state
and of the 'splendid manner in which we are represented in the
building itself, and in the various departments where our exhibits
are located.
Never having been in Europe, nor indeed out of the United
States, I wanted to see all of the foreign exhibits and buildings
that I could crowd into two days. My dear friend Mrs. Nibley
was wilHng to gratify this longing of mine ; and so we began with
perhaps the finest building of the nations which are represented
at this wonderful Fair — the Canadian Building. This we decided
is the best and most complete of them all. The exhibit is arranged
so compactly, that when you go in on the left, you keep to the
left, constantly passing by a wonderful panoramic view of the
historical development of Canada, from the earliest known days
down to the present time. The miniature trains and elevators,
with the apple exhibits in great heaps, dazzle one with the mar-
velous resources of this scarcely developed country.
258
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Japan covers ten acres of land with its quaint buildings made
of knock-down material. Holland, Argentine, and China all drew
our attention, and fastened our eyes and loitering feet within their
confines. Hawaii has a series of moving pictures that are remark-
able ; and a splendid musical program is given from 2 to 4 p. m.,
in their building. But we really spent more time visiting the
miniature exhibit of the Panama Canal than any other feature.
It is a marvelous reproduction of the Isthmus of Panama and
the famous Calubra Cut which unites ocean to ocean, and which is
the occasion for this exposition.
INSU)Ii INN, AT THE EXPOSITION.
One of the delightful features of our two days' excursion
was the cute little miniature auto train which took us, for twenty
cents, all through the grounds, giving us a sightseeing view of
the whole Fair. Added to this was the little electrics — cunning
little basket autos holding but two, and so simple of construction
and manipulation, that anybody, even two untaught Utah women
could run the little fixing after we got into it. The guide starts
you ofif, and for a small sum an hour, you have the use of this
little basket electric, and you can go where you please and stay
as long as you please, without having to walk miles and miles
between exhibits.
You can get a meal on the grounds at any hour of the day.
or night, practically,' and they are as cheap as anv that vou get
GENEALOGICAL CONTENTION AT THE FAIR. 259
anywhere ; while the cooking is excellent and they are served a la
carte, that is, so much for each article of food.
We have given here the illustration of the Inside Inn, which
is a mammoth hostelry inside the grounds, accommodating thous-
ands of guests, with rates running from modest sums up to the
most expensive cost. The Inside Inn will be used by the delegates
of the Genealogical Society when they are at the Exposition,
whose meeting is to be held July 26 and 27, in the Auditorium. A
view of this magnificent building we also are presenting to our
readers. In this Auditorium will be held many hundreds — if not
AUDITORIUM, PANAMA-PACIFIC EXPOSITION.
thousands — of congresses and conventions. It has been erected
at a cost of $1,200,000 to house the many gatherings scheduled to
hold meetings in the Exposition City, there being nearly 500 of
these conventions. The great audience hall will seat 11,000 peo-
ple, and there are many smaller audience halls in the building to
the number of 26. This Auditorium is not in the grounds, but it
is in what is called the Civic Center.
The Congress on Genealogy is certainly a feature which holds
the attraction for the people of Utah ; and those who are fortunate
enough to attend it, may be sure of finding a wonderland at the
Exposition, and an education in genealogy during the week of
Tnlv26.
The April Conference.
By Amy Brozvn Lyman, General Secretary.
The Annual conference of the Relief Society was held Friday
and Saturday, April 2 and 3, with a large attendance from prac-
tically all the stakes of the Church.
Two public sessions were held on Friday in the Salt Lake As-
sembly hall ; and on Saturday, two officer's meetings were held in
the Assembly room of the Bishop's building. The Saturday morn-
ing meeting was a business session, and the afternoon was devoted
to department work.
The music, which was a special feature of the conference, was
under the direction of Lizzie Thomas Edward, who had spared no
pains in her effort for excellence in the program ; the Relief Society
choir which gave the opening and closing numbers of the general
sessions, deserved special mention for its work. The following
numbers were given by the choir: "Lead us, O Father," "Praise
ye the Father," "Work for the Night is Coming," "Palm
Branches," "Ave Maria," and "Sanctus." Special musical num-
bers included : organ solo, organist, Edna Coray ; vocal duet,
Laurinda P. Brewerton and Don Priestly ; instrumental music,
Prof. Willard Weihe and Prof. J. J. McClellan ; tenor solo, Robert
Siddoway ; solo, Lizzie Thomas Edward ; and a duet. "Come Unto
Me," from Handel's Messiah, by Lizzie Thomas Edward and
Agnes Olsen Thomas, accompanied by Edna Coray, organ ; Frank
Asper, flute ; Vaughn Clayton, violin.
The meetings of the conference were presided over by the
President, Emmeline B. Wells, who, at the opening session, ex-
tended an affectionate greeting to those in attendance. She ex-
pressed thanks and gratitude for the condition of peace which pre-
vails in this country today, and sorrow for suffering humanity in
Europe. Mrs. Wells congratulated the Relief Society members on
the excellent reports received at the Office, and prayed for all to be
blessed with perfect faith, which she maintains is the greatest joy
and comfort obtainable.
^ Mrs. Annie C. Hindley, president of the Alpine stake Relief
Society, responded to the president's address of welcome. Mrs.
Hindley paid an eloquent tribute to President Wells, and said her
life had been an inspiration to all women. She also expressed
gratitude and appreciation for all the work of the General Board,
and especially for their efforts in relation to the Mag.azine, and the
outlines for study contained therein.
Stake reports were made as follows : Boise stake, by Laura
J. Adamson ; Ogden stake, bv Vincv R. Barker.
THE APRIL CONFERENCE. 261
It was reported that the Relief Society in both these stakes is
in a good condition. The Boise stake is a Httle over a year old.
It covers a large area, taking in twelve counties ; and from the
extreme east to the extreme west, it is 400 miles. Mrs. Adamson
reported that, since the beginning of the year, the stake president
had traveled over 5,000 miles in visiting the stake. The speaker
expressed appreciation for the Magazine^ and especially for the
Guide work.
Mrs. Vincy R. Barker gave an interesting report of the gene-
alogical work done in the Ogden stake, stating that through special
and systematic work, they had succeeded in arousing such interest
with their 565 genealogical workers, that 935 family charts have
been begun, and 615 historical sketches written.
Mrs. Mary A. Howell, wife of Congressman Howell, ad-
dressed the audience briefly, stating that although she had been
away from Utah a good many years, she had not lost interest in
the Relief Society organization and its beautiful work.
Mrs. Georgina G. Marriott, President of the North Weber
stake, gave an address on Art. She gave a brief outline of the
history of art, tracing it through the early Italian period, down to
modern painting, mentioning briefly the most noted painters. She
praised the work of the Utah artists, and urged all Utahns to give
them greater encouragement in the future than they have had in
the past.
At the Friday afternoon session, addresses were made by
Martha A. F. Keeler, president of Utah stake, and Elder B. H.
Roberts, with remarks by President Wells, and Counselors Clarissa
S. Williams and Julina L. Smith.
Mrs. Keeler's subject was "The Scope of Relief Society
Work." She spoke of the great membership of the Society, its
affiliation with the National Council of Women, its Magazine, con-
taining a course of study, and its broad fields of work and activity.
She felt that membership in this organization is a prize that cannot
be too highly valued.
The chief work of the Relief Society is ministering to those
in need, and developing spirituality in its own members, but the
women who compose the organization are pleased also that other
fields of activity are open to them. They are progressive, and
reach out for information and for cultural work of many kinds.
They are experiencing much success and satisfaction in genealog-
ical research and temple work, in literature, in the art of home-
making, and other lines. This condition is attractive to the pro-
gressive, and will no doubt bring hundreds into the Society. The
membership of the Relief Society should comprise every woman in
the Church. It is very desirable that our membership increase and
include the young women, that they may be trained to carry the
work forward. It has long been the desire of all concerned, that
262 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
more of the young women identify themselves with the organiza-
tion, and every efifort should be made to bring this about. In order
to attract a large majority of women, the work must be broad
enough to afford a variety of subject matter to meet the tastes,
talents and righteous ambitions of a large body of persons. It
should be remembered that the present generation of young women
is made up largely of girls who have had training and education.
A wise president will therefore use this well prepared material as
it comes to the Society. There is work for the old, and the young,
and room for all in the Relief Society. Mrs. Keeler spoke of the
great work of the teacher, and suggested that in addition to doing
the special material work connected with the Relief Society, our
teachers be trained along the same lines as the teachers in the
priesthood. The speaker pleaded for progress in the individual
societies, and for the adoption of any plans, devices, or methods
that will secure the greatest good to the greatest number.
Elder B. H. Roberts gave an eloquent address, his subject
being, "What does Christ mean to you and to me?" He dwelt
forcibly on the immeasurable influence which the Savior has upon
the human race. He compared his influence to the rays o'f the
sun, which radiate their light and heat everywhere. Christ's life
and character made an especial appeal to women, because of their
strong spirituality, said the speaker, and he finds in them his most
loyal followers. This is proved, said Elder Roberts, in the case
of the women with whom Christ associated here on the earth.
Mary and Martha were among the first to the cross, and, after the
burial, the first to visit the tomb, and when the faith of the apostles
wavered, these women never faltered in their confidence that Christ
would return.
The speaker paid an eloquent tribute to motherhood and the
mother's mission in life. He drew a parallel between them and
the creative and sustaining power of Christ. The two things we
worship in Christ, said Elder Roberts, are his power as a creator,
and his power as a sustainer, a guide. The speaker said he often
reflected on which of these powers is the greater. To them he
compared motherhood and mothering — in motherhood the power of
creating, and in mothering the function of taing care of the little
souls placed in the keeping of mothers. Of these two functions he
placed mothering as the highest, for motherhood is a power shared
by practically all womankind, but the strength and the wisdom to
"mother" properly, to control righteously, the destiny of little chil-
dren, is a much rarer gift. Other Christian sects, said the speaker,
say that Christ is an impersonal being, in order to explain his
omnipresence. They have an erroneous idea, declared the speaker.
Christ is a personal being, omnijiresent in tlie sense that his power
and influence extend throughout the universe. He is the source of
our intelligence, inspiration, and understanding. Christ is the per-
THE APRIL CONFERENCE. 263
feet expression of God's love. How great that love is is explained
by the fact that God so loved the world that he gave his only Be-
gotten Son to redeem it. Yet Christ's love for the human race is
quite equal to that of God's, as was shown in the supreme sacrifice
which the atonement involved.
The speaker concluded by pointing out the necessity of accept-
ing Christ by faith and obeying his commandments. It would be
easy for us to obey him. he said, if he were our constant com-
panion, but it requires strength to emulate him separated from
him as we are.
Counselor Julina L. Smith dwelt clearly and forcibly on the
duties of the Latter-day Saint woman. She enumerated as the
first and most important duty of all, that which each woman owes
to her home, her children and her husband. After fulfiling these,
she should search for other spheres of activity. The most impor-
tant duty outside the home is that of the Relief Society. It will
bring the greatest development and the most happiness.
Airs. Smith urged with great force the careful training of
children religiously and morally. To this problem every mother
should bend her best efforts because of the sacredness of the duty
laid upon her as a parent.
Counselor Clarissa S. Williams' address was one of felicitation
to the various societies. She extolled the remarks of Mrs. Keeler
and the excellent work being done in Utah stake. Not only here
but elsewhere the members of the Relief Society are doing a great
work, she said. She expressed an especial appreciation for the
support given the General Board and the Magazine. She recalled
the words of ]Mrs. ]\Iarriott. in the morning session, to the eft'ect
that we should be appreciative of the good our friends do while
they are alive instead of letting them pass away apparently unap-
preciated.
President Wells gave a few closing instructions in which she
urged the members to remember their spiritual duties, and also to
remember that love and charity should be the foundation of all our
Relief Society work.
officers' meetings.
The two officers' meetings held on Saturday were largely
attended. The roll call showed the following representation : Board
members, 16; stakes represented. 56 — 35 being represented by pres-
idents, 16 by stake officers. 3 by local officers, and 2 by members.
One mission was represented, that of the Northwestern States, by
Martha Ballard. The Josepa colony was represented by the Re-
lief Society president of the colony.
The annual financial and statistical report of the General So-
ciety was read by the General Secretary-. This report showed that
264 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the Society is growing and expanding in every direction. During
the last year, the number of branches has increased from 748 to
838, and the membership, including the missions, from 36,697 to
37,979, an increase of 1,282 during the last year. Our present
membership is made up of officers, 4,758; teachers, 11,354, mem-
bers 21,867— making a total of 37,979.
Reports were given from the various committees as follows :
Relief Society Home — Rebecca N. Nibley; Temple and Burial
Clothes, Counselor Julina L. Smith; Peace, Emily S. Richards;
Nurse School, Phoebe Y. Beatie ; Special Missionary Work, Sarah
M. McLelland; Magazine, Clarissa S. Williams; Public Health,
Alice M. Home ; Correlation Committee, Clarissa S. Williams.
These reports showed that progress is being maintained in all lines
of work and activity.
The remaining time of the session was devoted to a lively dis-
cussion of various subjects relating to Relief Society work in gen-
eral.
At the department meeting, the work of the various depart-
ments of the Society was considered.
Mrs. Amy B. Lyman, General Secretary, gave instructions on
the compiling of reports, explaining in detail the new report blank.
Mrs. Emma A. Empey, General Treasurer, gave instructions as to
the handling of funds and the appointment in the different depart-
ments.
Counselor Clarissa S. Williams explained the lesson work con-
tained in the Guide and announced that suggestions for making out
the course of study for next year — especially in the matter of
literary work — were desired from the stake officers.
The Genealogical Department was represented by Susa Young
Gates who gave a complete report of the genealogical work in the
various societies. She gave many valuable suggestions as to the
preparation of living records. To awaken an interest in the prepar-
ation of genealogical records, and to teach the sisters how to pre-
pare their information, are the two important points to be empha-
sized.
Mrs. Alice Merrill Home discussed the art work of the Re-
lief Society. She called upon officers from various parts of the
Church to describe beautiful scenes in their locality to furnish an
example of what should be encouraged among Relief Society mem-
bers. She urged her listeners to observe the beautiful in nature,
and to encourage all efforts made by artists to express beauty either
by chisel, brush or pen.
The last report was by Mrs. Janette A. Hyde on insurance.
She pointed out the benefits of the insurance department, and ex-
plained the different policies which the society is offering.
It was suggested by Georgina G. Marriott that all stake presi-
THE APRIL CONFERENCE. 265
dents go home with the determination to exert themselves to sell
as much insurance as possible.
The suggestion was endorsed by Annie W. Clark.
Annie W. Clark, in behalf of the visiting members, expressed
appreciation to the Board for the generous entertainment given
them during the Conference.
SPECIAL MEETINGS.
Special meetings were held at odd hours during the con-
ference to discuss more in detail the following subjects : Art and
Architecture, Genealogy and Insurance, Mrs. Alice Merrill Home
gave a very able lecture on art. The meeting on Architecture was
addressed by Don Carlos Young, Jr., who gave a brief outhne of
the fundamental principles of architecture, and gave some valu-
able advice on building a home.
At the special meeting on Genealogy, the Genealogical Ex-
cursion to California in July was dwelt upon, and the stake presi-
dents were informed that delegates would be invited from each
ward and stake to attend. It was also decided to hold a gene-
alogical convention in October, when the usual genealogical classes
will be taught.
The meeting on Insurance was remarkably well attended, the
interest in the insurance movement in the Relief Society was found
to be constantly increasing. John D. Giles gave an address, and
answered many questions on the subject of insurance. He empha-
sized the fact that the Relief Society insurance plan is independ-
ent of the Beneficial Life Insurance Company. The latter insti-
tution simply assuming the responsibility of its risks.
Friday evening the General Board gave a Musical in honor
of visiting ofificers at headquarters. There was a fine attendance
and the program, which was under the direct charge of Mrs.
Lizzie Thomas Edward, was artistic and enjoyable. Light re-
freshments were served, and a general good time was enjoyed.
The following artists assisted on the program :
Becky Almond, Evangeline Thomas, Hugh Dougall, John T.
Hand. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Amy Farnsworth, Relief So-
ciety Ladies' Chorus, Mattie Cozier, Blanche Cozier, Vaughan
Clayton, Frank Asper, Skelton's Ladies' String Orchestra.
Altogether the conference was voted by all present as the
most interesting and profitable one held in many years.
Early Development of the Textile Art.
COTTON.
By Rose H. Widtsoe.
One of the many important duties of the woman in the home
is the responsibiHty of purchasing and getting value received for
each dollar expended. Many women spend foolishly, and this is
due principally to ignorance. Woman should have a knowledge
of textiles so that the materials used in the home for clothing
and furnishings may be purchased intelligently. This knowledge
means a study of the processes of modern manufacture of mate-
rials, their physical and chemical properties ; and the laws gov-
erning the adulterations and fraudulent labeling of the materials.
In the present day of high prices and clever adulterations, it is
essential that our girls who, sooner or later, must assume the re-
sponsibilities of the home, should make a study of these important
things.
Cotton is the most common and the cheapest of the im-
portant fibers, as well as the largest textile industry. It is a vege-
table fiber. The cotton is the white, downy covering of the seeds
that are borne in the capsule after the bloom has disappeared.
Cotton is a native of many countries. Columbus found it
growing in the West Indies, and Cortez found it in Peru. Biblical
references mention cotton as early as 519 B. C.
The United States leads the world in the production of cotton,
producing three-fourths of the world's supply. In our own coun-
try about 30.000,000 are devoted to cultivation of cotton and about
15,000,000 bales are produced annuallv, each bale weighing five
hundred pounds. The quality of the fiber depends upon the soil
and climatic conditions. The best grows in sandy, loamy soil
which will retain the proper amount of moisture as well as heat.
The value of the cotton fiber depends upon its quality.
Strength, length and evenness are affected by the soil and climatic
conditions. Over one hundred varieties are known to the agricul-
turist. A microscopical examination of the cotton fiber shows that
a fully developed, ripe fiber has the appearance of a piece of
twisted rubber tubing. The twist is of great economic importance,
and aids in spinning as well as producing a more elastic fabric.
Its length averages one and one-half inches. Unripe fibers do not
swell or twist as much, and consequently do not accept the dye as
readily. Thev can be easily distinguished, if used in colored cot-
ton fabrics, and should be noticed, as such unripe fibers are a
serious defect in the material. The two best grades of cotton are
THE TEXTILE ART. 267
those known as the Nankeen cottons and the Sea Island cotton.
In these, the fibers are longer, more elastic and silky.
The production, preparation for the market, and the manu-
facture of cotton fiber into fabrics, is a long and intensely inter-
esting story, but space forbids its' publication at this time. The
cotton crop is one of the most important crops in the world. This
is largely due to the wonderful inventions in cotton machinery
during the last three hundred years. Cotton planters prepare their
fields in January or February, and plant in April or May, and the
picking begins about the middle of August and lasts until Decem-
ber. This is a most anxious period for the farmer. Frosts are
most destructive. There are many enemies which the farmer has
to fight : the boll weevil, the cotton caterpillar, the bollworm, Hce
and fungus growth. A large quantity of cotton is destroyed an-
nually in this way. One acre will produce a crop of from three
to six hundred pounds of cotton. The cost per pound of grow-
ing cotton varies from five to nine cents. The cotton is gathered
by young and old, and this is a tedious task. It is picked with
the sun upon it. and when exposed to this heat, becomes hard and
dry. It is then put in marketable shape in the form of bales
and taken to the gin house, wher it is cleansed and the seeds
removed. Each cotton boll contains thirty to forty seeds and
each tiny fiber is attached at one end to a seed. The process of
separating seed from fiber is called ginning. Alost of the cotton
today is ginned by machinery. The primitive hand types are
similar to our modern clothes wringer. A woman using this hand
machine or "churka gin" could separate three pounds per day at
a wage of five cents. With the modern cotton gin. one person
can separate five hundred pounds in one hour. All honor to Eli
Whitney, the American inventor of the cotton gin, as without this
the manufacture of cotton cloth could never have become a great
industry. After the cotton is separated from the seed, it is baled,
ready for shipping. At the mill, the bale is opened, cleansed
from dirt, seeds and stones. The cotton is then carded, which
process cleanses still further and lays the fibers parallel. During
the carding process also, the short, broken and unripe fibers are
removed. Then the cotton goes through the combing machines ;
then comes the drawing and doubling process, which strengthens
the fiber. These long, soft ropes of cotton are next twisted so
as they will not break when drawn out into a long fine yarn. . This
yarn is now ready for spinning, and finally for weaving into the
many cotton materials which every girl should know\
There are many variations of weave besides the plain weav-
ing, which is the simple alternative of warp and woof, and the
Jacquard device for the elaborate pattern or figure-weaving by
means of color, as in stripes, checks, or plaids when the color
of warp or woof thread is changed.
268 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Plain and fancy twill weaving are produced by harnessing the
warp so that the woof threads pass over and under the warp in
such a way as to make diagonal ridges across the cloth. The
sateen weave is produced by the filling, or wool, passing over more
threads than under, this making a smooth surface of the woof.
It is very easy in this weave to use a cotton warp and a silk filling,
and so produce a satin in which the cotton does not show and
which is sometimes represented as all silk, cotton and wool are
sometimes so combined as all wool.
After the cloth is woven, it must pass through the finishing
process before it is ready for commercial use. Before finishing,
the cloth is inspected for defects and is then bleached, if it is to
be pure white. Starching is often used in finishing. This process
weights the cloth and gives firmness for a time, but soon wears
away in washing. The cloth is then pressed between rollers to
produce a smooth, glazed surface. It is possible to vary this
pressing, so as to make various watered and moire efifects like silk,
which soon wear away. Cotton is also finished to look like silk
by a process called mercerization, which is produced by chemical
action. The yarn is dipped in a bath of strong caustic soda under
tension, and finally washed in water and chlute acid. This gives
a lustrous appearance and the yarn feels silky. Mercerized cotton
is sometimes used in the adulteration of silk.
Cotton can be finished to resemble linen. The yarn is treated
to sizing, is twisted more, and in finishing is beaten and pressed
so the yarn stands out as linen. Lisle thread, of which gloves and
hosiery are made, is often supposed to be linen. This thread is
cotton, twisted a great deal, so that the yarn is hard and strong.
Cotton can also be made to have the appearance of wool. The
Peruvian cotton, of which some hosiery is made, closely resem-
bles wool chenille and velveteen. It is cotton woven in a pile, and
cut so as to show the numerous fuzzy ends of the yarn. Printed
fabrics like calico and "silkaline" are printed by passing the plain
cloth between cylinders on which the design of the pattern desired
has been cut out. The printed cloth is then finished so as to fix
the dye, and is pressed and ready for market.
The uses of cotton yarns are innumerable. The thread in-
dustry is one great specialty in itself. The knitting industry con-
verts large quantities of cotton yarn into hosiery and underwear.
Tape, belting, braids, binding, shoe and corset laces and other
narrow fabrics consume great quantities of the cotton yarn. Lace
making, both by hand and by machinery, requires both yarn and
thread.
Thus we see that the material we consider as common, ordi-
nary cotton has a long and interesting journey from the time it
leaves the cotton fields until it is ready to be used in the home.
Clothing.
June Ideas for Our Daughters and Grand-daughters.
By The Two Sarahs.
Our minds and purposes are so o'ften exercised with the neces-
sary preparation of clothing for our young graduates and brides
in this lovely spring season that we give place to an economical
and wise discussion of these two points in this Magazine.
THE graduate's DRESS.
The sweet girl graduate — how we rejoice with her in her
success at this season of the year. Mothers are beginning to plan
for the clothing at this important event. It is natural for a
parent to want her child to look as well dressed as her neighbors'
on this momentous occasion. Where the income is not large, how
may she accomplish this without going beyond her means? Let
mxOthers and grandmothers ask themselves these questions : Have
1 laid away a small amount at the end of each month so as to
lighten this expense? Have I had the happy thought to make one
piece of dainty underwear during the winter season? And to be
prepared for this occasion, have I encouraged my daughter to
crochet dainty lace or embroidery to trim a garment, in her spare
moments, or have I asked her to deny herself a matinee or moving
picture-show, so it will be possible for her to have these neces-
saries? To avoid making fathers feel they will have to mortgage
the home to meet all the demands made upon them, mothers should
teach their daughters to be saving and thrifty, by their own ex-
ample. To be poor is no disgrace, but the heavy weight of debt
discourages the best of fathers, and is the real cause of many un-
happy homes.
There is, as a rule, two occasions in a girl's life, when she
feels she is of some consequence. The first, when she graduates.
The second, when she becomes a bride. The simplicity of the
costume on the first occasion should be pronounced ; the extreme
dress of some o'f our young girls is quite unnecessary, and shows
lack of judgment and taste.
The white wool and cotton voil will laundry well, and sells for
30 cents to $1.00 per yard. It is serviceable and stylish, and may
be trimmed with lace insertion. When the insertion is stitched
on and the material cut from underneath, it makes an effective and
inexpensive trimming. Soft mulls are also effectively used. The
270 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
soft white taffeta girdle, the silk gloves with shoes and hose to
match, with the immaculate underwear, the hair dressed simply
and girlishly (not bobbed up like that of a woman of fifty), the
bright face beaming with intelligence and health — Nature's best
gifts, which we are apt to prize the least, all these make an en-
semble of youth and beauty that will delight the heart of any
mother or gfrandmothcr.
COST OF GRADUATING DRESS.
5 yards Cotton Voile (30 cents per yard) $1.50
1 bolt insertion 50
iy2 yards lace edging '. 15
2 yards ribbon 6 inches wide ($.25 per yard) 50
1 pair hose 50
1 pair shoes, or slippers 2.00
1 pair white gloves 50
$5.65
THE bride's trousseau.
The preparing of her trousseau should be the most pleasant
experience of a girl's life. Much of her individuality, her real
self, should be expressed in the creation, execution, and finishing
off of these dainty pieces of wearing apparel. How exquisite each
one is, especially if the workmanship is of the girl's own hands.
SimpHcity of style and design will mark the linen clothes, made
by a sweet, pure, refined girl. And her conception of all that is
lovely and delicate will be evident in the planning, making, and
folding away in the chest, of these wonderful creations. A girl
will always remember her first article made for the bride-chest.
The wise one will follow out the good old English plan, and
first prepare her house linen. What a heritage of thrift comes to
the^ girl, whose mother had a goodly supply of beautiful, pure,
white, snowy linen to begin her housekeeping with! And with
what pride she will treasure a piece of table or bed linen that
belonged to her mother's trousseau.
The wise mother has a twofold object in view when she says
to her young daughter. "Here's some pillow-slips ; you may make
them, scallop them, and then keep them for your own." Again on
her birthday, "Here is a nice piece of linen, it will make a pretty
sideboard scarf when worked, and some towels you may embroi-
der." The girl becomes interested, and starts unconsciously to pre-
pare for that great event in her life — marriage. She soon learns to
love this beautiful preparatory labor, and makes all kinds of little
CLOTHING.
271
sacrifices to purchase and
make articles of linen and to
obtain material for quilts.
The thrifty German frau-
lein and English maid, have
this thought drilled into them
early in life ; in fact, it is al-
most a part of their religion,
to have a nice lot of linen all
prepared by their own hands,
when the time comes for them
to wed.
A bride feels exalted in
her home, when she brings to
it the actual result of years of
labor and thought. Whoever
heard of a girl going into this
new life, so well equipped,
wanting a divorce; such an
idea would be absurd ! This
dwelling upon the hope and
ideal of marriage and domestic
independence is a sure anchor
to a girl's soul.
After the linen, comes the
underclothes and 1 ingerie.
Again, the thoughtful mother
aids her girl by suggesting
good material, purchased by
the bolt, such as longcloth,
nainsook, and cambric. Then
let the girl buy or design her
own patterns. Don't have
them too elaborate ; it is not
good taste. Corsets, hose,
shoes and gloves all should be
in perfect taste, and like the
rest of the trousseau, within
the girl's expected income.
When actually purchas-
ing the trousseau note these
points : For the house dress,
use percale — only 25 cents per mrs. lucy mack smith carter,
yard, and 36 inches wide. The a Spring Bride of 1915.
inen rick-rack, finishing braid,
and narrow colored embroidery are charming for the trimmings
of these modest house gowns.
In the Kitchen Laboratory.
PAYING MORE THAN NECESSARY.
Article II — {Vegetables.) ••-
From about the first of April until the new vegetables are
coming in from our own gardens, in June and July, is the most
difficult time to keep the grocery bill where it should be, and yet
have the family properly nourished. Vegetables shipped here
from California, during these months, are altogether too high to
be used by people with limited means. For instance, ripe toma-
toes at thirty cents per pound, is throwing money away. As they
appear in the market, I grant they are tempting; but I am sure
you will agree with me, after one has paid the price and carried
them home and even dressed them in one's finest mayonnaise, they
are as a rule disappointing. At best, tomatoes have very little
food value, indeed. They are composed principally of water, and
unless they can be produced cheaply, we, who count the pennies,
better look some other place for water.
Do not misunderstand, nor let me give the impression that
tomatoes are of no use ; indeed no. But in buying early tomatoes,
let us stop and think, am I paying more than necessary? Aspar-
agus at twenty-five and thirty cents per pound is not worth the
money. Be patient just a week or so longer, and Utah and Idaho
will give you plenty from their soil. And then, as this vegetable
gets cheaper, use it frequently. There is not a vegetable so good
for cleansing the system as asparagus. If you pay more than nec-
essary, and buy when it is high, the chances are the family will be
tired o'f it long before it is gone. New potatoes is another ex-
ample of a raise in the grocery bill.
While you are waiting for your own garden to ripen, let rice,
good dried corn, macaroni, or even bread, take the place of pota-
toes on the diet. The use of canned vegetables — I refer to those
bought at the store — is an expensive habit, although a time-saving
one.
Economic receipt that give all that is required by the body :
RECIPES.
Cream of Wheat requires four times its bulk of boiling water.
Boil hard five or ten minutes ; add salt and then cook in a double
boiler six to eight hours.
Beef Roulette. Buy a full round steak cut one-half inch
IN THE KITCHEN LABORATORY. 273
thick. -Remove the bone, and then prepare a dressing as you
would for fowls : bread crumbs, onion, salt, pepper ; a little sage
if desired. Now spread this over the steak ; roll and tie. Put into
a hot kettle with some fat and sear all over. Add enough water to
keep from burning, and cover closely and cook slowly until tender
— usually about three and one-half hours.
Cream Roll.
3 eggs. y2 c. sugar.
yi c. thin cream or milk. 1 t. lemon.
4 t baking powder. 3 c. of sifted flour.
Beat eggs thoroughly, add sugar, milk, flour, baking powder,
flavoring. Bake in a large dripper in quick oven. Have ready a
towel wrung from cold water as dry as possible. Invert pan on
the towel, and roll the cake immediately. It may be unrolled when
cold and filled with any desired fiUing. Whipped cream is espe-
cially nice.
SPAGHETTI A LA BICHETTE.
One-half lb. of spaghetti
One-half can of tomatoes, drain off liquid, or two large, ripe,
peeled tomatoes.
One-fourth lb. of butter
One-half lb. of cheese
One-half teaspoon of salt, same of paprika.
Cook spaghetti half an hour, then drain in colander ten min-
utes. Put butter in saucepan and toss the drained spaghetti for
five minutes in the butter, stirring constantly. Add tomatoes,
paprika and cheese. Stir another five minutes ; put all in a granite
pan. and set on the upper lid of a hot oven for ten minutes. This
makes one of the finest spring dishes ever eaten.
OATMEAL AND DATES.
Cook oatmeal over night and one-half hour before ready to
serve, add stoned dates.
RICE WITH TOMATOES AND CHEESE.
1 cup rice. 2 teaspoons salt.
y?. cup tomatoes. ^ t. pepper.
% lb. cheese.
Wash rice, add it slowly to 5 cups boiling water, salted. Boil
20 to 30 minutes. Evaporate water by leaving it partly covered
on a low fire. Add tomatoes strained or unstrained, and pepper.
Pour into vegetable dish and grate cheese on top, or put it in
alternate lavers.
Health Department.
NERVOUS BREAKDOWN.
By Maud Baggarley.
The phrase "nervous breakdown" appears with distressing
frequency in the annals of sanitariums, health resorts, and hos-
pitals.
"Once upon a time" — and not such a long time ago either — ■
"nerves" were supposed to exist only in the imagination of the
one afflicted, and the expression, "Oh she only has a nervous
trouble," was a very common one indeed. Usually the remark
was accompanied by a smile and an uplift of the eyebrows.
Eventually, however, physicians were enabled to point out to
the laity, the causes underlying certain effects, and after "the fever
called living" had produced a larger number of victims of this
malady, more than one of the "doubting Thomases" had first-hand
information on the subject.
Overwork, worry, shock, grief, financial or domestic difficul-
ties, a loss of sleep, a monotonous existence ; in short, everything
disturbing the functions of brain and nervous systems, results in
nerve strain.
One must be content to do a reasonable share of the work of
earth, and not endeavor to shoulder the weight of the universe. It
is well to recall the words of Omar :
"When you and I behind the veil are past,
Oh, but the long, long, while the world shall last,
Which of our coming and departure heeds
As the Sev'n Seas should heed a pebble cast."
Learn, then, to heed the warning of taut nerves — lest they
snap — since no mortal is exempt from nervous breakdown. It is
far from being a luxury of the rich. These warning symptoms
are: extreme irritability and consequent loss of color and flesh,
lack of interest in the vital things of life, melancholy, and often an
inability to sleep.
A peculiar phase of this condition is an obstinate constipation.
Later the warning symptoms become exaggerated and finally
end in total collapse.
The mental condition ranges from slight melancholia, accom-
panied by frequent or persistent hallucinations, to a grave form of
insanity. A person exceeding the limit of his strength, using
coffee, tea, strychnine or other stimulant, to give them false vigor.
HEALTH DEPARTMENT. 275
should engrave upon the tablets of his mind the motto, "Hasten
slowly."
If given to visualizing trouble and disaster, he should join a
'•Don't Worry Club."
Women are the principal victims of monotony — women of
limited mental resources, having too much work — and no recrea-
tion— living on isolated ranches. They usually become patients
in an insane asylum, and remind one in their listless and hopeless
despondency of some wounded, dumb creature, which though de-
nied articulation, proclaims the heartlessness of the world's
thoughtless neglect, in its eyes.
On the first appearance of the danger signals, the sufferer
threatened with "nervous breakdown" should have, if possible, a
change of scene, food, and associates, for a time, at least. If un-
able to leave his home or work, he should go to bed early — should
be resting, if not sleeping, in a dark room by eight or nine o'clock
at night, since rest in the recumbent position, simple, nourishing
food, plenty of water, fresh air, sleep, baths — in fact a strict ob-
servance of the "Word of Wisdom," are imperative.
Study and even reading, except hght, entertaining literature,
must be suspended.
Correspondents must be absolutely forgotten. None save
cheerful, hopeful visitors should be tolerated.
Massage is an aid to recovery, and electrical treatments are
often dangerous.
A person having sensible relatives can be given sanitarium
treatment in his own home, and thus be spared trouble and expense.
There can be no better warning given to one threatened with
"nervous breakdown" than the well-known sign displayed at rail-
road crossings, "Stop ! Look ! Listen !"
DEVICE REMAKES WORN-OUT RUBBER FOOTGEAR.
A machine which vulcanizes patches, soles, and heels on worn
rubber boots and shoes, making them as waterproof as if they
were new, is the invention of an Ohio cobbler. The apparatus is
fitted with adjustable arms and forms which may be made to fit
into any part of the footwear and hold it firmly in place during
the repairing operation. Several pairs may be mended in this
w^ay at one time, the addition of a new piece of work to the
machine not interrupting that already in progress. With thi ;
device, a boot which has suffered the loss of a sole or toe mr> f
be made serviceable again by a simple operation.
Notes from the Field.
Alice Frederic ka Smith.
We present here the picture and a brief sketch of Miss Alice F.
Smith, granddaughter of the Prophet Joseph Smith. • These were
sent to the Magazine by Sister Mary S. Ellsworth of the North-
ern States Mission. No doubt the Prophet is rejoicing over this
happy conversion, for his great heart was full of loving concern
for his family. We, here in Zion, congratulate Sister Alice and
hid her welcome to the fold of Christ:
Miss Alice Fredericka Smith, of 200 Laflin Street, Chicago,
was baptized in the Logan Square Chapel, January 6, 1915. Her
father, Frederick Granger Williams Smith, was the second son of
the Prophet Joseph Smith and Emma Hale, who were married
January 18, 1827, at South Bainbridge, New York. Frederick
Smith was born in Kirtland, Ohio, June 20, 1836, and he was mar-
ried to Anne Mariah Jones sometime in the year 1856, and died
April 13, 1862, at Nauvoo, 111. Her mother Anne Mariah Jones
was born April 7, 1841, at Steubenville, Ohio. Sister Alice was
born the 27th day of November, 1858, in Nauvoo, 111. You will
see by this that she was only four years old at the death of her
father.
Her father had charge of the farm owned by the Prophet
Joseph, situated about one and a half miles east of Nauvoo, and
was well known throughout Hancock county for his fine, blooded
horses and stock. After the death of her father, her mother be-
came a nurse in the Civil War and was stationed at Jefferson Bar-
racks, nine miles east of St. Louis, and she served in this capacity
until the close of the war, after which she took her child and moved
to her old home in Keokuk.
Prior to the death of her father, the family lived near Emma
Smith, in Nauvoo, and since moving away she has visited her
grandmother many times. She remembers her very distinctly for
the many acts of kindness to her and to others about her.
In April, 1866, her mother married J. W. Creen, in Keokuk.
He was in the employ of the United States Express Company,
which position he held for fifty-one years, living in Quincy, St.
Louis and Chicago. Her mother died October 11, 1901, in Chi-
cago, and is buried in the Forest Home cemetery.
Miss Smith has never married, but followed the profession of
a nurse, as her mother did, but since the death of her mother, she
has remained at home to care for her foster-father. Like her
grandfather, the Prophet, she has never joined any church until she
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MISS ALICE FREDERICKA SMITH.
278 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
became a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints. Some three years ago, she met Apostle John Henry Smith,
at the Church on PauHna and Monroe streets, and was so deeply
impressed with his whole-souled earnestness and interest in her
that she has never forgotten him. She has also met and conversed
with President Joseph F. Smith, especially at the dedication of the
Logan Square Chapel, in November, 1913. His kindness and deep
interest in her has left a lasting impression. She says she will
never forget his words to her on that occasion. After speaking
to her of the kindly interest he felt for her, he said this : "Remem-
ber, Cousin Alice, we in Utah are true blue."
Since meeting Apostle John Henry Smith, she has investigated
"Mormonism," and today she regrets very much that this great
blessing did not come into her life earlier.
KEEPING FLIES OUT WITH AN AIR BLAST.
The effectiveness of an outwardly directed blast of air in
driving flies away from the opening when a door is opened has
been pretty well demonstrated, and two interesting devices, one
electrical and the other mechanical, have recently been invented
for accomplishing this. The electrical device consists of a cylinder
containing a series of blower fans operating on the same vertical
shaft, and having a vent opposite each fan. At the top is a small
electric motor for operating the fans. This cylinder is fixed
vertically to the inside door jamb, adjacent to the swinging side of
the door, with the vents directed across the door opening. The
motor is controlled by a switch at the top of the door frame. As
long as the door is closed it bears against the switch and the
current is shut off, but the instant this pressure is taken away
the current is turned on, the fans are started, and a blast of air is
thrown outward and across the opening. The other device is
simply an open fan supported at the top of the door on the
outside and geared to a small drum. Wound around the drum
is a cord which is attached at one end to the door jamb. As the
door is opened the drum, and with it the fan, is rotated by the
cord and a current of air is thrown outward and away from the
opening. This process winds a spring in the drum, and the door
is pulled shut, as soon as released, by the action of the spring in
the cord.
A Prince of Ur.
By Homespun.
As Abram crossed a side street, some merchants sitting cross-
legged in front of their shops in the western bazaars, salaamed to
the young man with profound obeisance.
"Who may that young sun-god be?" quoth a companion who
had only salaamed because his older comrades did the same. The
speaker was the new arrival from Damascus, and his rich stores
of embroideries were not so curiously wrought as were the quick
fancies of his well-trained mind.
"That — why that is Prince Abram — that you saw yester morn
■ — the richest and most powerful young satrap in this Assyrian
plain. As I told thee, he hath spent all his young life with his
father's father Shem, in the quiet streets of distant Salem ; he is
just now returned to Ur. His father is the owner of ships and
gold of great ransoms, of nose and ankle ornaments, shawls such
as you have never dreamed about for embroidered beauty; jewels
so bright and glorious that the vaults beneath the palace walls
shine just as bright at midnight stroke as when the sun would light
their murky depths."
"And is his father's wealth the cause of all your low devotion
to this comely youth?"
"Nay, Eleazer, we have known his life through good repute
and honor his character. All Ur doth this day sing his praise.
For if we are so sunk in sense of honor that we know no difference
twixt desire and delight, we yet know manliness whene'er we hap
upon it. That's rare enough — Elkanah knows — these days of
grasping kings and sordid courtiers. We must keep up with them
— good Eleazer. So we never scruple to squeeze their money-
pouches when we get the chance."
"And is that all the reason why you honor Prince Abram?"
At that shrewd comment even on his present companions, the
elder merchant laughed, and all the wrinkles in his bronze brown
skin shaded into deep-cut rivers of glee as he cried —
"May the Lord Elkanah Merodach with Libnah and Korash-
Ishta reward thee for a brilHant youth to guess at what we would
fain conceal from such bright questioning as yours. As the god
Korash loves thy soul, we all do him reverence — not for his beauty
nor for his wealth alone — for these be men of Assyria who cannot
change her customs, nor would they deny nature. I am Javan,
from far-off Tarshish. This Abram is a learned man ; forsooth,
he knows far more about the stars and suns of god-like power
280 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
than even — come close — for I speak this carefully in the open
market-place — this Abram hath so much learning in his head that
even the Pharaoh hath made him his close friend. And once a
year he goeth down to Egypt and sitteth on the throne of Pharaoh
to please that crafty monarch, while discoursing loftily of all the
hidden truths of Isis and Orisis. This past two years, the king's
son Mardan, distant kinsman of Abram hath been dwelling in
Tereh's palace, stirring up envy, strife, vanity and idolatry. Oh,
but Mardan is a smooth blade, tempered and keen, cruel as death.
This kingdom of the Assyrians is only half itself, and half the
chattel mortgage of the Pharaoh, So you may see that very few
of those who dwell in Ur of Chaldea can afford to offend this
learned youth, long known as the Nameless Prince, the friend of
Pharaoh and Prince of Ur in his own right."
The merchant from Damascus was silent. He had marked
the high purpose, the clear and beautiful brown eye, the firm chin
and the exalted beauty of that kingly form and countenance, and
his heart was stirred within him with profound emotion. He was
quite persuaded that no one who ever came into the Prince
Abram's presence could escape the same thrill of reverent admira-
tion. Envy might seek to slay, but even envy looked into the face
of Abram with that veneration that Abram looked upward into
the eves of the stars.
As the ponderous gate of his father's palace wall shut on its
hinges, Abram turned to find a charming dark-haired girl crouched
low under its archway, her finger on her lip and her glossy hair
shrouding her lithe young shoulders like a midnight cloud. He
was startled.
"Irit," he cried with chiding in his voice ; but she flung herself
into his arms with a merry shout of elfin glee, and clung to his
arms, her own too slight to permit her to clasp them around the
neck of her handsome kinsman.
"What mischief are you up to now, Irit? It is not seemly
for a daughter of the House of Terah to romp and play like rude
damsels of the plains. What now — what now?"
The girl flung herself from his arms in sudden pouting, but
he caught her — as she knew he'd do — and with the kindest touch
of brotherly forbearance, he said, —
"Little kinswoman, you must learn to know the habits of a
princess. It is not seemly thus to scamper. You might find an-
other than a friend when thus you hide in this grim, darkened
gate-place to spring upon the unthinking."
"I knew 'twas you, dear Abram. My heart is better than any
dial to foretell your time of coming and going. Thou hast been
home but a day. but a day is a thousand years, sometimes, my
kinsman. Why do you chide ? If this were Sarai, you'd be more
A PRIXCE OF UR. 281
g-entle, more pleased. She always gets free welcome from every-
one— she does — from both eyes and voice, and from glowing
cheek of both men and maids. I am not such a child ; my heart is
big with love. And why you treat me so ; I may not even guess."
This open acknowledgment was set down to her extreme
youth by the grave young man who smoothed her glossy hair and
pushed it back with slow caresses from the low and lovely fore-
head. She was very charming. Like the wayward wind in spring
time dawn, or like the opal tints on that famed lake in Babylon's
hanging gardens — this child was molded half of fire and half of
charm. But she was very vain and wilful also.
"I do not please my lord. He does not scruple thus to chide.
Yet, if I were only fair and very tall, like Sarai, you'd still forget
my wilfulness and blush whenever I might look your way."
He put the teasing child away from him. .His soul hated the
small and carping threads of jealousy which cover up some lovely
natures with the film network of diseased selfishness. There was
a noble self respect — a half- jealous watchfulness of dignity and
justice that he himself could understand and do ample reverence
to ; but the petty mean self-centered thrust of small souls who see
no wish but theirs, who fathom no depths but their own shallow
desires — this temperament in men or women antagonized Abram.
But he would not say so. Least of all, would he wound this tri-
fling, sweet, and charming kinswoman who was thus hurriedly
seeking to wind herself into his very life through every witchery
known to woman. He strongly suspected that if he would as
quickly return her love that she might not be half so complaisant
to his wishes. That love denied, she would pursue him with re-
lentless determination to secure it for her prize. Irit knew well
that Abram was very rich, and very handsome.
They walked onward, the servants preceding Abram with
marks of reverent devotion. The couple crossed the gardens, with
their hanging vines of purple grapes, the great groves of golden
date palms and beautiful acacia trees, the creeping glory of the
passion-flowers and the gleaming beauty or hideous malignity of
a thousand statues of large and small gods that stood at every
turn of the walks. Perfumes from a thousand tropical flowers
stole into the nostrils, while overhead a thousand singing birds
were flitting in the shade of dark green apricot trees, or twittering
low on nests in this the heated even-tide hour. The frown on
Abram's brows deepened with every step.
"You never bow to Elkanah's image, nor will you even give
a glance at Korash in all her naked beauty. What makes you
thus, O cousin Abram ? Do not these gods deserve our homage ?
Just in passing, may we not conciliate them a little I know, for
Sarai hath told me often enough, how far above them all the great
282 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
God Jehweh is, yet it will surely do no harm to pay a little rever-
ence to the gods who govern all Chaldee."
The petty nature of the lovely child, who could not or would
not see the depths of the great truth which Sarai had so long tried
to teach her — that she nor any descendant of Shem and Eber
should give homage to any but the God of heaven — this again
roused his soul, and gave him a feeling of profound sadness. He
would not even glance her way as she passed each shrine, doing
obeisance to each one of those ill-favored gods which looked down
from their marbled or stone pedestals with grim ugliness as if they
understood the passing contest of wills.
"It is no use, my cousin. If our princess Sarai hath tried to
show you that the human heart cannot be divided in its reverence,
what further success would I meet? If we would worship the
God who brought our father Adam here on earth, the God who
saved our great father Noah in the ark, we must not worship — ■
nay not one bow at the shrines of other gods. The God of heaven
is a jealous God ; and He will not brook our half-allegiance. This
is quite as much to bless and help us in the fight we wage here
on the earth, as it is because He will not tolerate the idol-worship
which leads to such licentiousness. You have seen enough of the
sinful practices : you have guessed ; indeed, have you not visited
those courts of idol-worshipers, dear cousin, to view for thine own
self the awful orgies of wickedness and sin which mark their yearly
festivals?'' The question was a shrewd guess. It hit too near
the mark, and Irit would not answer.
"Well, Abram" — the glancing eyes were very tender in their
sophistry, as she looked up innocently at him — "if this is all so evil,
why does our father Terah set up these very gods in this our palace
gardens?"
The blow struck — just where she meant it should, straight to
the heart of the man who stood beside her in those shaded gardens
on the Assyrian plains. Standing as they did on the high parapet
of the garden walls, he could see out over the rich fields and date
groves, waving fields and mighty river, and as he noted, the pil-
grims who were journeying to and fro below the city walls
and as well as in the streets of his own beautiful city, he
saw them all pause each time they reached the idols in the
city, he saw them all pause each time they reached the idols in the
highway, and bow in reverence to the horrid images of wood and
stone. His heart grew sick as he realized that the royal dedica-
tion of the new temple of Ur was at hand, and he recalled the
awful scenes of carnage and sin that would be witnessed in the
temple of the highest god, Elkanah. This child, she who seemed
so innocent, so guileless, so void of guile ; she had thus opened for
him a corner of her soul that had best remained hidden. With
quick intuition he instantly divined that she had not thus ques-
A PRIXCE OF UR. . 283
tioned him from out of her innocency, but purposely to catch him
with her guile. Ah, that his great and good father Terah could
thus temporize with sin, and give to such babes and sucklings as
this lovely child a knife with which to stab himself and Abram !
Without a word, Abram gently unloosed the clinging arms of
the girl, and with a courtly bow, he turned away and sought the
privacy of his own secluded apartments.
"Fool that I was," murmured the girl. "I might have known
that he would not allow one word of irreverence about our father
Terah. Fool I was ! My temper and my tongue will yet betray
me into deadly sin." Then with a deep sigh she buried her face in
her hands, and leaning on the wall of the parapet she cried with
bitter sobs.
She was suddenly interrupted. A low yet manly voice whis-
pered.—
'"What is it, lovely cousin ? Who has thus wounded thee ? Is
it Sarai? How cruel to taunt thee with her lips. But she loves
you Irit, she does, for I have heard her say so."
The girl turned at the interruption, and she gazed for a mo-
ment into the dark thin face beside her with a half mocking smile
upon her lips. Yet she said, seriously enough, with a little catch
in her breath, begotten of her sobbing, —
"My dear cousin Lot, you frighten me. Why do you speak
so suddenly in mine ear? I am not crying for Sarai's sake. Nor
for any one's. 'Tis only that my favorite maid Orbah hath just
now left me for service in the Temple courts. 'Tis true that Mar-
dan hath beguiled her ; but that is quite enough. My heart is torn
with sadness to part with such a maid. She was very swift and
could dress and perfume my dark tresses with a skill that never
could be equaled. I miss her so, I miss her so."
The proud girl thus covered up her secret-shamed grief, and
permitted her cousin Lot to smooth the tresses about which she
seemed to grieve so much. His thin face quivered with emotion
as he sought to ease her pain. He was not fair-favored and iiis
tall ungainly form often caused this naughty child much mirth as
she saw him ambling about the palace walks, or sitting at ease in
the council chamber of his fathers. But he was grace and fleet-
ness itself when he strode a horse ; and Irit forgave him much for
the splendid daring of his charge in battle, and his devotion, nay
worship, of her own pretty self. Lot might lack the frank manli-
ness of nature which so well became his elder kinsman, Abram,
just returned ; but he was true to that which Abram believed, and
this would hold Abram and Lot more closely in bonds of friend-
ship than any other bond, throughout the future years.
"Come. Irit, be comforted. I will go down into the market-
place myself, and buy you such a maid as will make you soon for-
get the other trustless wench. Come, drv thv tears. Let us Sfo
284 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
to the palm groves ; I have something I would say to thee in that
perfume-laden spot. My heart is very full of something that I
fain would breathe to thee,"
Irit could well afford to listen to any unguarded word of love
from her dear cousin Abram; but when another spoke she was
quite able to retreat into the wounded dignity of the oriental
maiden who must be sought through proper channels of courtship
and long subtleties of marriage customs in the eastern lands where
men first spoke to maidens after Noah's sons had once more peo-
pled all the earth.
"Be guarded, O my cousin!" she cried primly. "Remember
that thy tongue hath now forgot what is due a princess of the
house of Terah. Talk not of light and sinful love to me, who am
thy nearest kinswoman."
The dark-skinned man beside her flushed with the tartness of
her quick rebuke. But he said no more. He was not lacking in
a slow and manly dignity of bearing that would not brook too
much from any, be he slave, or prince. Just as he turned away,
the girl caught his arm and said gaily, —
"Don't be wounded, dear, my cousin. I shall listen, mayhap,
when the time is ripe. Meanwhile, you must not disturb the
dreams of such a child as I am. For there are years and years to
come, when you and I may learn to know each other in a new
relation." The brown eyes looked shyly from under the penciled
brows, and the ripe lips parted in a mischievous smile as she loosed
her hold upon his arm. Abram might not be won — but Lot must
not be lost. If one should fail — well, who could blame a girl for
seeking constantly to find herself a proper mate for Hfe.
"Will you coax our father Terah to let me go with the next
train to visit at the courts of Ninevah or Babylon ? Or better still
— why shall we not all go when next the Pharaoh sends for Abram
to pay his yearly visit at the city on the Nile? Say, cousin, will
you promise me to coax our father thus to honor us ? Why should
it always be our kinsman Abram, who lives in other lands and he
alone to share in these great honors? If Abram were generous,
or even just, he would not thus be ever remaining away and leav-
ing us to pine in loneliness."
"In loneliness? Why, what makes you speak of loneliness?
It does not seem to matter that our father Terah, the princesses
Sarai and Iscah, and my humble self, beside the many friends and
servants of the palace are left behind? What ails thee, pretty
kinswoman ?"
The girl saw she had gone too far, and so with that quick
guile which was so much a part of her, she cried, —
"O don't mind me — I am teasing you, to make you say that
you will take me, and our kinswoman Sarai to the lovely city of
Ninevah for the yearly worship of Merodach."
(to be continued.)
Current Topics.
By James H. Anderson.
During the first four months of 1915, 60,000 tons of Canadian-
made steel rails were brought into the United States duty-free.
Canada places a duty of $7.84 per ton on steel rails from this
country.
Herr Steffens, a German inventor, noting that present Euro-
pean conditions had limited the supply of lubricating oil in Ger-
many, says he has discovered a method of making lubricating oil
from molasses. "Sweet are the uses of adversity."
Another terrific wind and rain storm took a large toll of
deaths and destruction of property in Texas and Oklahoma on
April 22. The "valleys of the mountains" are a desirable place of
abode when compared with regions which are subject to such
disastrous natural disturbances.
The exhibition of the moving picture drama "Hypocrites" has
been stopped in several States, and properly so. The film was
presented in Salt Lake City for a week, without protest. Those
who approve as permissible the "nude-in-art" in a moving picture
film of an undraped woman show a lamentable lack of knowledge
of youthful human nature.
French and German antagonists in the European conflict
each complain that the others are using nauseating asphyxiating
bombs. These may be new to war, but they cannot be said to be
more objectionable than the main game. To the neutral spectatoi'
it is a pity that the noxious gases do not reach the leaders who
are responsible for the war rather than merely to the men in the
trenches.
T^\o Arizona officers have been jailed for murder, because
one of the men to whom they administered the "third degree" in
an effort to compel him to confess to a crime died under the
treatment. The "third degree" process frequently applied by
sheriffs and police officers to obtain confessions is quickly coming
under the ban of an enlightened public sentiment.
In an address at Phoenix. Arizona, Vice President Marshall
made the statement that the Mormon Church was an efficient
organization and that therein "the individual is subservient to the
organization." Of course, in the United States and in all govern-
ments the individual is necessarily subservient to the organization
to an extent that constitutes the public welfare ; but a man of such
286 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
prominence as the Vice President of the United States should be
possessed of the information that in the Mormon Church the or-
o'anized supremacy goes no further than the generally recognized
line of public welfare.
\\'onien of Japan are coming to a recognition of their rights,
which means that they are entitled to fair treatment from the
stronger sex. ]\Iiss Hede Nomaza. after losing her case in two
courts, took it to the highest Japanese tribunal, which awarded
her $10,000 — a small fortune in Japan — in a suit for breach of
promise against a prominent Jap who refused to fulfil his agree-
ment to make her his wife. Evidently the day of women being
classed as mere goods and chattels is passing away in the Orient.
Nearly nineteen centuries ago the Alan of Nazareth predicted
that Jerusalem should "be trodden under the foot of the Gentiles
until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled." Now that the notably
pure Gentile race known in eastern Europe and western Asia as
the Moslems is about to have its power over all Palestine swept
away by a race with which the blood of Israel is largely inter-
mingled, this evident fulfilment of the "times of the Gentiles" is
full of portent in prophetic history to the present generation of
professing Christians. It is to be noted that along an overland air
line cutting oflf Syria and the Holy Land from that part of Turkey
immediately south and east of the Turkish capital, the main British
forces advancing westward from the Persian Gulf through
Mesopotamia and those recently landed in Turkish territory on
tlie shore of the Aegean Sea are scarcely a hundred miles apart.
The European war has had a very marked efifect in turning
the thoughts of the people to the subject of religion. This is
noticeably true in France, "in the land of frivolity and gaiety, cyn-
icism and skepticism." It is commonly noted that along the great
battle lines men in the trenches are becoming religious where they
never thought before of religion. Throughout America, as well as
in Europe, there is shown a marked renewal of interest in religion.
The situation thus presented afifords an opportunity to promulgate
the fundamental principles of Christianity as enumerated in the
Epistle to the Hebrews, viz, : Faith, Repentance, Baptism, Lay-
ing on of Hands, the Resurrection of the Dead, and Eternal Judg-
ment. Not a discussion of alleged "higher criticisms" and theories
developed and largely originated by men, nor the beaming- plati-
tudes and pedagogical rules of conduct which men formulate to
regulate individual conduct, will satisfy. What is needed are
gospel truths taught in plainness and simplicity, that men may
comprehend these rcadil}- and thus come to a knowledge of the
divine plan of salvation, as this applies to them directly.
Genealogy.
Og-den, Utah, March 31, 1915.
General Genealogical Committee Relief Society: In reply to
your letter of recent date will say :
First. We have genealogical committees in all of our ten
wards, but they are not permanent. They were organized to meet
the requirements of the specific purpose we desired to accomplish.
This purpose was the accumulation of material in such shape that
it can be used at a future time in compiling a permanent genealog-
ical record of our stake. The Stake Presidency are considering
the organization of a permanent Stake Committee.
Second. Temple excursions are arranged by the Priesthood
and not by the Relief Society.
Third. The campaign of record books is in our future plans.
Fourth. The Temple funds collected are used for the poor iu
the wards under the advice of the bishops.
Fifth. Note our failures and successes in the enclosed report
and the one rendered to you in December.
Sixth. Our future plans are being developed. Cannot report
on them at present.
Respectfully,
ViNCY R. Barker^ Chairman, Gen. Committee.
Z'IRCULAR OF SPECIAL GENEALOGICAL WORK.
Ogden Relief Society, Winter 191 5.
During January, February, and March, the Special Genealog-
ical work must take precedence over every other work except the
care of the poor and sick. The purpose is to collect material that
can be u'^ed later in compiling a permanent Genealogical Record of
our stake. To do this, it must be standardized, and this is accom-
plished by the use of charts and forms prepared for this purpose.
Keep close to your bishops and abide by their counsel.
It is important that a duplicate copy of work be kept in the
home to insure reproduction in case of the loss of one by fire or
otherwise. Tell the people that we ofifer our time and best efiforts
for three months to accomplish this purpose.
We especially urg-e that you emphasize the procuring of the
story of ancestors — who, what and where they were — notable posi-
tions held in army, navy, government or church. Also follow out-
line for Historical Sketch on chart. Give accurate names, dates
and places for every event, if possible.
288 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
This is highly important, as this is a new community, peopled
under very peculiar circumstances by emigrants from all parts of
the globe. We think no other community in the world is made up
of people from so many nations and such varied walks in life.
Surely we ought to perpetuate in the history of this common-
wealth and of the world the identity of our family lines.
Remember, we are making history for all future time, and
every scrap of genealogical data we can secure will be of untold
value to the future generations. Know this, that no time will be
more favorable than the present for procuring from our living
relatives the information they possess.
And now, oh, sisters, do not lose sight of the most important
phase of this work, the culmination of all our efforts in the saving
of souls. This work will open the door of salvation to thousands
of souls, beyond the veil, who are anxiously waiting for Temple
ordinances which cannot be performed without records.
Many of our own living loved ones are careless and indifferent
to the glories of the gospel. Some day they will be reclaimed, but
not without the proper records. Shall we, then, neglect the little
we can do now to save them hereafter? Shall we fail to record one
clue or connecting link that may help another?
We are acting under the direction of the presiding authorities
of our stake, so let us bend every effort to accomplish the present
purpose — the accumulation of material — so that when the time is
ripe for compiling a permanent Genealogical Record of our stake,
not one person now residing in it shall be left out.
We commend all who have faithfully performed their duties
in the past and we earnestly pray that during this year each one
may labor with even greater zeal that our work may ever tend
onward and upward until we reach the goal.
May the peace of God be with you.
Your sisters,
Isabel B. Foulger,
Nellie Becraft,
ViNCY R. Barker,
Presidency.
report of special genealogical work of ogden stake relief
SOCIETY.
For Winter Jpij, ending March J7.
December — Stake Committee organized and developed.
January— Ward Committees organized and instructed. Ward
divisions made a"d workers assigned.
Februarv and March — Active work in homes.
V.
s' c-a
c
c
•n
WARD
u
%
o
d
Organizatio
instruction
and inspectio
meetings hel
II
0) ho ^j
— To
O g.t!
SI
3
bo
(U
u
M
U
M o
o
°|2
J3 o
«- ^- oj
Fourth
80
20
399
26
1596
235
88
117
20
3606
1220
15
Sixth
30
57
6
10
250
267
16
14
925
1024
187
203
68
35
97
68
'io
3304
4063
923
1148
Seventh
315
Eighth
30
4
162
648
45
100
30
50
600
180
North Ogden . .
40
5 ■
187
3
561
26 10
10
10
806
197
Middleton
45
15
39
150
401...
54|...
851
234
50
Eden
18
26
2
18
67
136
140
334
74...
125 .. .
67
103
1572
2146
455
769
Huntsville
Liberty*
Pleasant View*
?3
5?
1S6
20
4
63
1
40
7
306
114
Totals
369
84
1622
60
5534
935 341
613
80
17256
5240
5240
380
i 1
380
Tot£l names recorded
228761
*Pleasant View and Liberty not reported in full.
REPORT OF UTAH STAKE GENEALOGICAL COMMITTEE.
We have 19 wards that have genealogical committees ; 19
wards that have genealogical classes ; 19 wards that have joined in
three excursions; 19 have joined in sending $60 to temple for
proxy charity work to be done ; 19 wards have each some records,
in all 460 records have been sold and distributed.
Thirty-three Relief Society members belong to the Genealog-
ical Society. We have raised some funds by wholesale purchase
and retail sale of records, and blanks ; profits being divided between
the retail purchaser and genealogical committee. These funds help
us to purchase other sheet blanks, etc., for the benefit of our class
work, and we keep a surplus in treasury for incidental needs.
(Donations to temple are also taken from this amount.)
We have been successful in the things we have made practical,
and for which we zvork, zvork, work.
Last summer, we spent one day each week helping individuals
start their living records. For this purpose, we ruled paper desig-
nating the family tree, and showed each one how to go to work,
or rather we helped individuals to fill the actual data in these
blanks. This was interesting and helpful. You ask what were our
failures? We now no such thing as "fail." We have been dis-
couraged some times at having to repeat so much, but persistence
usually wins at last.
The plan as you have it in the Magazine should succeed, be-
cause it is practice with theory.
At present, we have no genealogical chairman in the Stake
Committee.
Kindest regards,
(Signed) Inez Knight Allen.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second -class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M.P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddington
Irs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor SusA Young Gates
Business Manager Janettk A. Hydb
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II. JUNE, 1915. No. 6.
THE BATTLE OF WILLS.
The awful and destructive war now
War's waging- in Europe does not lessen with the
Preliminaries. passing of time. How inscrutable are the
problems which politics, religion and the love of
conquest, force upon the human mind ! How bitter are the con-
tests which arise over these vital forces in the universe about
us ! Men are tossed upon a raging sea of controversy, their
minds having been anchored to some personal or interested
ruck of division, and woe to all who venture near the perilous
storm center.
Battles can and do rage as the result of
Actual War. such contentions, the ties of friendship are
broken, confidence is shattered, homes are
destroyed, and the ravages of war and pestilence sweep over
•the contesting nations. War — with ancient or modern imple-
ments— death, bleeding wounds, the scream of pain and the
howl of revenge — all these are awful to contemplate and still
more terrible to endure. Yet actual war is not so agonizing
to bear, so cruel to contemplate, nor so destructive to all or-
ganized life, as is the battle of wills which precede sanguinary
EDITORIAL. 291
conflicts, and which often take the place of more brutal en-
gagements.
It is the conflict of opposing wills which
Conflict sometimes exhausts mothers — especially
of Wills. when the child is a strong male spirit — and
which renders some homes scenes of constant
confusion and contention. The determination to prevail, .at
any cost, is both the strength and the weakness, the possible
salvation, or the possible damnation of each human soul.
There can be little doubt that the titanic
The War conflict in heaven in which Lucifer led the
in Heaven. warring third of heaven's sons, was fought,
not with sticks and staves, nor with swords
or guns, but with the superhuman will marshaled against
divine will. Every trick and artifice, every subtle advantage
or subtle device was used by the rebellious general who led
the third part of heaven's hosts. And what was arrayed
against this mighty army?
Truth, calm, vigorous truth ; reason and pure independence,
which lost none of its virility because it was willingly obedient to
God's will and plan. Yet both sides strove, suffered, and separ-
ated. Rule or ruin, was the watchword of Lucifer — the final
triumph of justice and right was the bulwark of the divine soldiers
and followers of Christ.
We who watch this European warfare.
How Long, wonder how long it will wage, and just how
O Lord, it will terminate. If the issue be continued,
How Long? the settlement deferred, those who love
truth, order and justice, can well afford to
wait till the right shall prevail. The spirit of war is surely
poured out upon all nations — our own country has partaken
of the spirit of war and the battle of wills has been waging in
national politics — but who can foresee the outcome, nation-
ally, and internationally? Only He who presides over the
destinies of nations, and whose hosts are armed with justice
and the preparation for peace.
HISTORY NOTE.
The stakes are to prepare a Stake History, which is, naturally,
to be made up of ward histories — the activities of each particular
stake and the Avards within that stake. The points noted in the
circular letter sent out by the General Historian was only sug-
gestive to stakes regarding points to be noted in their own work.
Ward histories should be sent to stake historians ; and a good —
not too lengthy — resume of the stake history should be forwarded
to the General Historian. Do not crowd this matter too much,
friends and sisters, but be prompt about getting to work.
292 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
NEW BOOKS.
Few men have done a greater service to this Church, than
has the Church Assistant Historian, Andrew Jenson. Golden
facts, silver threads of incidents, pearls of testimony and truth
have been gathered from the dusty corners of forgotten things,
and have been engraven on the tablets of imperishable history by
this indefatigable worker. Two books have lately reached this
office by this author; the new edition of the Church Chronology,
and the second volume of Latter-day Saints Biographical Encyclo-
pedia.
The latter books contain the portraits and sketches of Presi-
dent Emmeline B. Wells, and most of the members of the General
Board, together with hundreds of other sketches and pictures of
good, faithful men and women, heroes and heroines of this
Church. These books should be purchased by all Ward Relief
Societies as a necessary part of their ward libraries.
There seems to be some misapprehension in regard to the
editorial in the May Magazine. It is not the purpose of the
General Board to interfere in any way with the observance of
Mother's Day.
ALABASTER BOXES OF HUMAN SYMPATHY.
Do not keep the alabaster boxes of your love and tenderness
sealed up until your friends are dead. Fill their lives with sweet-
ness. Speak approving, cheering words, while their ears can hear
them, and while their hearts can be thrilled and made happier by
them ; the kind things you mean to say when they are gone, say
before they go. The flowers you mean to send for their coffins,
send to brighten and sweeten their homes before they leave them.
If my friends have alabaster boxes laid away, full of fragrant per-
fumes o'f sympathy and affection, which they intend to break over
my dead body, I would rather they would bring them out in my
weary and troubled hours, and open them, that I may be refreshed
and cheered by them while I need them. I would rather have a
plain coffin without a flower, a funeral without a eulogy, than a
life without the sweetness of love and sympathy. Let us learn to
anoint our friends beforehand for their burial. Post-mortem kind-
ness does not cheer the burdened spirit. Flowers on the coffin
cast no fragrance backward over the weary way. — Published in
London by Partridge & Co.
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Second Week.
Lesson II — The Laying on of Hands.
(a) The fourth principle of the gospel.
(b) The Holy Ghost.
(c) Baptism of the Spirit.
(d) Baptism, a symbol of creation.
(e) Fire and the Holy Ghost.
questions.
L Who are eligible to the laying on of hands for the gift of
the Holy Ghost? Doc. and Gov. 35:5, 6; Doc. and Gov. 14:8.
2. What is the nature of the Holy Ghost? Doc. and Gov.
130:22.
3. What does Jesus say of the Holy Ghost? John 14:16,
26; John 16:7; John '15:26; John 7:39; Luke 12:12.
The Laying On of Hands. — The laying on of hands is the
jdivinely-authorized method of administering spirit baptism, in
other words, imparting the Holy Ghost. It is plainly taught in
the scriptures. For instance :
"Then laid they their hands on them, and thev received the
Holy Ghost."
"And when Simon saw that through the laying on of the
apostles' hands the Holy Ghost was given, he offered them money.
"Saying. Give me also this power, that on whomsover I lay
hands, he may receive the Holy Ghost." — (Acts 8:17-19.)
The laying on of hands for the gift of the Holy Ghost was an
ordinance in the Christian church for centuries. The ordinance
remained with the church much longer than did the Holy Ghost.
Cyprian mentions it in the third century; Augustine in the fourth.
Gradually, however, it began to be neglected, until finally some of
the sects repudiated it. while others, retaining the "form of godli-
ness." denied "the power thereof."
294 RELIEU SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
So much stress having been laid upon immersion, as the
proper mode of baptism, one might be led to inquire, why are we
not immersed in the Spirit, as well as in the water? I answer:
How know you that we are not? To which the reply may be:
We see the water, and are put under it by the priest ; but when we
are confirmed or baptized with the Spirit, the elders lay their
hands upon our heads and say, "Receive ye the Holy Ghost."
There is no immersion about that ; we are not dipped or plunged :
The Spirit is poured upon us.
Be not too sure that there is no immersion about it. The
fact that you do not see it is no conclusive argument against the
proposition. We see the water because it is a temporal element ;
but spiritual things are discerned by the Spirit. As to the pour-
ing process — may not enough of an element be poured upon a per-
son to bury him therein ? Or must that in which a person is buried
necessarily come from beneath? It was not so in the days of
Noah, when it rained forty days and forty nights that the earth
might be buried in water. As much water came from above as
from beneath at that time.
John the Baptist, when proclaiming the Christ, said : "There
cometh One mightier than I after me, the latchet of whose shoes
I am not worthy to stoop down and unloose. I indeed have bap-
tized you with water ; but he shall baptize you with the Holy
Ghost" (Mark 1 :7, 8). More than one baptism is here mentioned,
but it is baptism in each case ; and baptism signifies immersion.
The candidate for baptism cannot well be dipped or plunged in
the Spirit, since the Spirit is above, while the water is beneath ;
but he may be covered by or "clothed upon" with the Holy Ghost,
nevertheless. The essential point in baptism is not the dipping or
plunging, but the burying and bringing forth.
Baptism, a Symbol of Creation. — Baptism symbolizes cre-
ation. Earth, created for Adam and his seed, was baptized—^
"born again" — for Noah and his posterity. Baptized with water
in that day, it will yet be bai)tized with the Holy Ghost and with
fire. The laying on of hands and the descent of the Spirit from
above, may possibly typify the glorious baptism that earth will yet
undergo, when the Spirit is poured out upon her from on high,
and she is covered therewith as completelv as with water in the
days of Noah. "T will pour out mv Spirit upon all flesh," said
the Lord by the Prophet Joel (2:28). When that prophecy is
fulfilled, earth will receive her spirit baptism, and in due time be
rcadv for her baptism of fire.
Firf: and ttte Holy Ghost. — God "dwells in eternal fire"
("T'^seph Smith's Teachings." p. 82), where no mortal could ap-
proach him unconsmned. But mortals may receive the Holv
Ghost with safetv. .Again : the inhabitants of the telestial world
receiA^e the Hnly Spirit through the ministrations of the terrestrial ;
GUIDE LESSONS. 295
"but where God and Christ dwell they cannot come, worlds with-
out end." By her fiery baptism, earth will be consumed ; her mor-
tal elements will melt with fervent heat, and the purified remains,
immortal and in a state of resurrection, will be converted into a
celestial sphere, a glorified abode for the righteous. — From Gospel
Themes.
Genealogy.
Third Week.
Lesson III — Numbering.
Numbering names, in preparing genealogical records, is use-
ful as a guide to relationships, and helps to locate the name when
taken out on baptismal sheets.
Names are numbered consecutively. That is. the first ancestor
known would be numbered 1, his wife would be 2, his children, 3,
4, 5, 6, etc. His grandchildren would carry the numbers down, just
as far as might be needed.
There arises, however, a difficulty, if a child, who was num-
ber 3, say. marries, his name must be repeated on the record. For
he must appear as the child of his father, then as the father of
his children. Thus :
1. John Young
2. Mary Smith
CHILDREN
X 3. William
4. Mary
5. James
6. Susan
3. William
7. Jane Brown.
When William is first numbered as 3, a cross is written by the
number to indicate that William appears again as the head of a
family. The second time William appears he is given his original
number, with a bar above and below, in the pencil note book, and
in red ink when the number is repeated in the permanent record.
William's wife Jane is numbered 7, as that is the consecutive num-
ber, following on down.
The Lesson Book contains full instructions on this point. Let
the class prepare three generations of their own family names and
number them.
We suggest that the genealogical committees devote the sum-
mer recess months to going about from house to house, instructing
the Saints how to prepare records, beginning with the living per-
sons and gradually working back to the ancestors. We have three
296 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
sets of blanks which can be purchased, ten cents a dozen, for this
purpose, and to aid the students in the genealogical classes. These
blanks are issued by the Genealogical Society of Utah, and are the
standard forms which we recommend. One is for the living
records, the other for general purposes.
Home Ethics and Art.
ETHICS.
Lesson IV — The Golden Rule.
Much needless sorrow and heartache in this world are bred
through unkind words or thoughtless speech.
At the very best, life is none too easy for most of us mortals.
The infant enters this world with a cry ; and sorrow and anguish
to a certain extent seem to be the portion of mankind. Without
doubt, it is part of the great plan for our discipline and develop-
ment. Bodies, in acquiring their full stature, suffer from growing
pains.
For the mind to become properly developed, the student must
spend many weary hours, and practice great self-denial. To at-
tain spiritual perfection, we must struggle with and overcome the
evil tendencies of human nature, restrain the appetites, discipline
the body and the mind, and above all things, by first controlling
thoughts, learn to control the tongue. "As a man thinketh, so
is he," and we cannot speak the thing we do not think or have not
thought.
Thought is the main spring of action, and thoughts that are
good or kind, beget words and deeds that are good and kind. Evil
thoughts are the forerunners of evil actions, and so if we would
rise above sin, we must think noble thoughts.
To think the best of others and to put into hourly practice the
wonderful Golden Rule is to come into possession of the very foun-
dation and the structure of ethics. Social form or etiquette may
supply superficial ornamentation and grace, perhaps, but the great
thing, needful to make life desirable and beautiful, is that great
command. "Do unto others as ye w^ould that others should do
unto you." That and the command which the Savior designated
as the greatest commandment, "Thou shalt love the Lord thy
God with all thy might, mind and strength, and thy neighbor as
thyself;" those precepts are the very foundation of all beautiful
behavior.
It was the Savior, too, who made the keen remark, "The
tongue is an unruly member."
Envy, spite and petty jealousy are the emotions which give
rise to so many of the "hateful" little things that are said. And
GUIDE LESSONS. 297
the damage done in that Hght way to reputation and to happiness
are sometimes irreparable.
When the faults or even the failings of an individual are
pointed out, they then seem to stand out more prominently than
the virtues.
We all cherish ideals of some sort and many people like to
idealize their friends. It comes therefore as a shock when the
"muck-raker" gets to work and shows how very faulty the ideal-
ized one really is. We sigh and think how very faulty is human
nature. When this experience has been repeated a few times in
life, one begins to look upon all people with more or less suspicion.
An artist, not long ago, in talking on art to a roomful of
ladies, exhibited some pictures for their consideration. The talk
was for general instruction, as to how a person may best view a
picture to obtain an appreciation of its good quahties and its de-
fects. One picture was very much admired. The speaker then
asked her audience to point out its defects. On second thought,
she remarked, "Perhaps Fd better not ask you that, or you might
think more about the defects than about the good points, and so
your enjoyment would be marred."
Involuntarily, the question arose, "Is it not just so in regard
to human aflfairs?"
Who, among your acquaintances, are the most charitable to-
wards the shortcomings of other people? Is it not those whose
lives are most nearly perfect?
They who are striving with all their might to fill their lives
with good thoughts and noble deeds have little time or desire to
criticise others or hold up their faults for your inspection.
Some people are very complimentary to acquaintances, when
with them, and quite free in criticism when absent. The knowl-
edge of such behavior comes like a shock to gentle, trustful, and
confiding persons.
Those who are sensitive to criticism which is given in a
carping way, become self-conscious, and are far from being at
their best when they feel they are in the presence of critics. Un-
kind, cutting remarks have positively a deteriorating effect upon
certain temperaments ; and cloud and gloom may take the place
of sunshine and hope. Criticism falls on some sweet natures like
blight upon a beautiful plant. Kind words, and a little apprecia-
tion, are as helpful and needful to most people as is sunshine to
most plants.
Happily there are now cults and societies which consider it
"bad form" to dwell needlessly upon the faults of people, or upon
the gloomy side of life.
Relief Society members, as a rule, are among the best women
of the earth in observing the principles herein set forth ; probably
the very best. But we desire to consider any or all of the ques-
298 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
tions of life in a way to be most helpful to ourselves and to others.
Note. Let the members be prepared with different quota-
tions on this subject, giving the authorship when possible.
QUESTIONS.
How may much of the needless sorrow of this world be
averted ?
What is your view as to the meaning of this life?
Name some ways of mental growth.
Name some ways of spiritual growth.
What is it that must precede action ?
What are the effects of different kinds of thought?
What are the fundamental principles of ethics ?
Give the Bible references to the quotations.
What are the emotions which give rise to so many unkind
speeches ?
What effect on the mind has the emphasizing of faults ?
Give some of the effects of shattered ideals upon the mind.
What effect has unkind criticism upon some gentle natures ?
What kind of people are apt to be most free from giving
criticism ?
Please memorize hymn in the L. D. S. Hymn Book, "Should
You Feel Inclined to Censure," etc.
ART.
Devotees and Their Shrines, 56-63.
(a) Tell of Mary Teasdel's life. What sacrifices did she
make for the sake of art ? Describe Paris Studios. What is said
of her teacher Jas. A. AIcNiel Whistler? Which picture do you
like best? What do you think of the marines? The "Blossoms"
and "Street in Normandy?"
(b) Tell Rose Hartwell Whitley's ideas of how to begin
art study. What are Rose Hartwell's best qualities? To whom
belongs her picture shown in our reference books?
(c) Describe A. B. Wright's mural decorations in Barratt
Hall. Where could you use a mural decoration for a wall in your
stake? Where does Wright teach art?
(d) What has Myra Sawyer done as an artist? What is a
mineature? What other artists paint mineatures?
(e) Tell the life of story of Lorus Pratt.
(f) Read the sketch of Donald Beauregard. Why is his loss
so great to Utah?
Other Utah Artists will be studied from Devotees and Their
Shrines, in the spring of 1916.
Hushed was the Evening Hymn.
Words by J. D. Burns. Music by Sir Arthur Sullivan.
1. Huah'd was the ev'ning hymn, The temple courts were dark; The
2. The old man meek and mild,The priest of Is - rael slept, His
3. Oh. give me Samuel's ear — The o - pen ear, 0 Lord! A-
:t=:
■S 4 ^—^—^m—^* • *— ^ s'-'^Z— I 1 b
lamp was burning dim Be-fore the sa-cred ark; When sud-den-
watch the temple child, The lit-tle Levite kept, And what from
live and quick to hear Each whisper of Thy word; Like him to
ly a voice divine Rang through the silence of the shrine.
E - li's sense was sealed The Lord to Hannah's son re - vealed
an-swer at Thy call, And to o - bey Thee first of all.
:p=t=tt:
:^
42 (2-
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Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Wasstch 207 67 E. South Temple Street
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The Jensen Creamery Company
Exists no longer. The Mutual Creamery Company
has taken its place. The same high quality products
will remain on the market. Continue to ask for
"Blanchard" and "Four-in-One" Butters.
The Mutual Creamery Co.
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
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Your Account is Cordially Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH. Pre..
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
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for rent or purchase, for use in
the Temple, should apply to
Relief Society Headquarters,
Room 29, Bishop's Bldg.
u
0)
HOME VISITORS'
EXCURSIONS EAST
DECEMBER 19 and 22, 1914
Following- low round trip fares will prevail
from Salt Lake City :
Denver or Colorado Springs $22.50
Omaha or Kansas City 40.00
Memphis 59.85
Chicago 59.72
St. Paul or Minneapolis 53.86
Proportionately low rates from other points on
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See agents for particulars.
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Mothers, educate your daughters — and sons — to become invaluable
assets to the State and to the Nation.
Girls, prepare yourselves for ideal wives and mothers, by securing
an education in Housekeeping and Home-making at The Agricultural
College of the State of Utah.
Vol. II
JULY, 1915
No. 7
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
Summer Health Number
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
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The Relief Society Magazine
Owned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
JULY, 1915
Pore Old Dad Unknown 298
Augusta Joyce Crocheron Emmeline B. Wells 301
Research 303
Her Vacation Sophy Valentine 304
"The Bridegroom Cometh" L. Lula Greene Richards 311
Home Department Janette A. Hyde 312
Nursing in the Relief Society 316
Clothing for Women 320
Current Topics James H. Anderson 322
In the Kitchen Laboratory Hazel L. Dunford 325
Good Health Maud Baggarley 327
The Prince of Ur Homespun 329
Editorial : Destruction Upon the Waters 336
Guide 338
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
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McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS. Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 242
South Main, Salt Lake City.
MERCHANTS' BANK, Third South and Main St., Salt Lake City.
MUTUAL CHEAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
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PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street,
Salt Lake City.
THOMAS, Photographer.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, S«It Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Lake City.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY
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PORE OLD DAD.
Unknown.
Ve kin scarce pick up a paper,
And its poets' corners greet,
'Cept ye'll see er pirty poem
'Bout the Mother, saintly sweet.
But you'll have a time a searchin',
Eyes will be achin' bad
Ere you'll ever find a poem
At this time, for pore old Dad.
No, it isn't willful in 'em,
Them that write of Mother dear ;
That there's never notice taken
Of her old man sittin' near.
No, it's never meant to slight him,
But it looks a little sad,
All the bouquets made for Mother,
Not a bloom for pore old Dad.
True, our Mother watched above us
'Till her dear old eyes w^ould ache ;
But old Dad he humped to feed us
'Till his back would nearly break.
Mother crooned above the cradle.
Gave devotion, all she had ;
Still there wasn't any circus.
At this time for pore old Dad.
Now don't take one line from Mother,
When you write the Soul's Sweet Song
But if there's a word for Father,
Now and then, it won't be wrong.
Poor old soul, he's bent and wrinkled.
And I know 'twould make him glad —
If, while your praisin' Mother,
Something's said of pore old Dad.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. JULY, 1915. No. 7.
Augusta Joyce Crocheron.
♦ (A Tribute.)
By Emmeliue B. Wells.
•
With many sighs and fond memories, I turn back the pages,
one by one, of my beloved vokimes of the Exponent, and over and
over again I read therein the name of the dear departed friend —
Augusta- Joyce Crocheron. Poems, essays, sketches, minutes, re-
ports, all telling of her versatility as a writer, and at the same time
telling something too, of her striking yet tender personality.
Like all really interesting women, Mrs. Crocheron had a his-
tory. While her life's narrative might seem one long series of
sorrows, disappointments and adventure, still she was not always
in the shadows, and when the sunshine penetrated the clouds
around her, then her soul pealed forth in song and praise. Mrs.
Crocheron's great grandmother, on the maternal side, was an In-
dian princess, the daughter of a Penobscot chief, and her grand-
father in the same line was a sea captain. Such progenitors would
naturally bequeath as a heritage something of their genius as well
as characteristics, and those who best knew Mrs. Crocheron might
thus easily account for her love of nature, romance and color, her
rather restless disposition, her great desire for attainment and her
deep melancholy when dreams could not be realized. She was
deeply blessed with an abiding faith which helped her over many
stony places in life's path, while her unfailing friendship was- a gift
to be forever cherished.
Mrs. Crocheron was born in Boston in 1844. A year so
memorable to the Latter-day Saints, because it marks the martyr-
dom of their Prophet and Patriarch. When she was scarcely six-
months old her parents with sixteen other families started on that
long but remarkable journey from Boston to California, arOund
Cape Horn, on the good ship Brooklyn. Many times it seemed as
though the ship could not withstand the elements, and would
302 ' RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
surely founder, but the Saints aboard never despaired and their
g-reat faith gave confidence and assurance to the captain and the
crew. The journey was completed at the end of six months, and
the weary pilgrims again set foot on land.
These New England Saints were repeating history, having
left the shores of Plymouth, where their ancestors had sought and
found a refuge for religious liberty, and these landed on the other
side of the continent for the same purpose — to worship God as
their conscience dictated. California was then Mexican territory
and the war with Mexico was at its height. It naturally follows
that the settlers saw and encountered some of the dangers and
adventures war brings. Besides, there were the hardships and
struggles of pioneer life, all testing to the utmost the fortitude, en-
durance, courage and faith of men and women, and these adven-
turous souls like other Latter-day Saints were not found wanting.
In those days California was not the beautiful garden state
that she is today, but rugged, barren and dreary, where the endless
vista of the sea and the splashing of its waves but enhanced the
loneliness.
For twenty years the Joyce family remained in California,
detained because of family affairs, but during that time the mother
and daughters performed splendid service for the Church, and
their beautiful home in San Bernardino was the symbol of hos-
pitality, to "Mormon" missionaries and their friends. Later when
the family moved to Utah they were warmly greeted by many
friends who remembered their generosity and kindness in the early
California days.
Mrs. Crocheron's mother possessed a very strong personality
and was a woman of some gifts of accomplishment and education.
It naturally follows that as far as possible she would bestow the
same talents upon her daughter^. Considering the circumstances
of i^ioneer life, the advantages she gave her family were quite
remarkable. Mrs. Crocheron's three books which she published
under some difficulties will always be valuable and useful to the
Latter-day Saint women. This is especially true of the volume
entitled, "Representative Women of Deseret," a book of short
biographies of some of our most distinguished "Mormon" women,
written almost entirely under the direction of the women them-
selves. This fact renders the book a useful work of reference.
"Wild Flowers of Deseret" is a collection of her poems, but hav-
ing been published long ago does not contain nearly all that she
lias written nor by any means her best. The third book, "The
Children's Book." shows the love of her mother heart and her
desire to please the little ones of whom she was especially fond.
Mrs. Crocheron had nearly completed a work for which, as a
literary attainment, she had great hopes. It was the story of the
"Book of Mormon" told in verse, and she had a great desire to
RESEARCH. 303
live to complete this work. That her death prevented this attain-
ment, is only one of the many disappointments she met with mar-
velous courage. It was said by one of Sister Crocheron's friends,
"Augusta Crocheron seemed to me to always have the wrong set-
ting, so refined, so gentle, so desirous of everything beautiful, and
yet denied them all." It might appear this way to many who
knew and loved her, and yet she was a woman who had such a
depth of feeling that she found happiness and wealth, where
others could not comprehend. Her love for flowers was almost
a passion, and wherever she lived her dooryard was resplendent
in color. She found perhaps her greatest pleasure in reading, and
books were not denied her. In the perusal of their pages she
forgot her woes, and spent many happy hours. She loved nature
and enjoyed solitude, for there she found the inspiration which
called forth the songs of her heart in poetic verse.
It seems to me that I have always known and always held
dear, Augusta Joyce Crocheron. Perhaps our spirits knew each
other before this dispensation. Hers was a spirit finely tempered
and tuned for the artistic and poetic things of life. It is some
comfort to believe that the severe refining she received in life's
furnace, better prepared her for a glorious setting in our Father's
Kingdom.
RESEARCH.
"What constitutes 'Society'?" inquired the Man from Mars ;
"Is it a gathering of wealth and intellectual stars?"
"Ho, ho !" replied the rustic youth who wore a grin serene,
"Society's our Mayday dance upon the village green."
"Not so," the housemaid gayly said. "That isn't it at all.
To find society you should attend the coachmen's ball."
The serious woman said, "If for society you search
You'll find the very best there is coming to my church."
The studious one remarked, "The very highest social force
You may discover if you will attend our lecture course."
And some said that society was made for games of chance.
And others mentioned art and brains and beauty and the dance.
The Man from Mars looked puzzled and remarked, "It seems to me
Society is all mankind, including even me ;
And each of us looks just beyond his own familiar sphere ;
The impulse is what made me leave my home and come down here.
Society's a picture which we fill w^ith fa\s and elves
And, when we meet them, find that they are persons like ourselves."
Her Vocation.
By Sophy Valentine.
Helen Andrews had unexpectedly fallen heir to a small for-
tune. She was no longer young, having passed her forty-fifth
birthday, and the buoyancy of youth had gone. It was with rather
a wistful expression she sat that first evening, after the news of
her good fortune had reached her, contemplating her altered pros-
pects.
Having been cashier for years in a modest establishment, with
a small salary, and accustomed to nipping her every desire in the
early budding, she could hardly now adjust herself to this new
position of affluence.
"What shall I do with all the money?" she wondered, after
the first astonishment was over.
"Oh, if it had only come twenty years ago, when I might
have enjoyed it to the fullest extent ; when my whole being hun-
gered for something worth while ; for love, for light, for beautiful
things ; when I was ambitious ; when it might have helped me to
fulfil my life's greatest desires. Now it's too late to do much, if
any, good. All I need now, I guess, is a shroud and a decent
liurial place, but as I have already insured for three hundred dol-
lars, I could get that without this money."
She heaved a deep sigh. "Ah, if it had only come twenty
years ago. It might have helped me get the education I hungered
for, the place in society I craved, with all my heart — it might even
have helped me get a husband; who knows? There are men like
that, pretty good men, too, as men go. I might now have been a
happy wife and mother, instead of a sour old maid. But pshaw,
come to think of it, I might have had a husband without the
money. There was one, two — yes, there were three that I could
have married, had T wanted to. There was Clarence, for instance,
very handsome, but such a miserable good-for-nothing, as very
handsome men are so often apt to be. Then there was Paul :
good, honest Paul, but so woefully uneducated ; almost ignorant.
No, I never could have endured that. Then, of course, there was
the widower with four children, he was both good-looking, and
somewhat educated; but there were the children, I was afraid of
tlietu. -Afraid T couldn't do justice to them. Was that really
the reason? That's what T told him. but — yes, T think it was
really selfishness, it was too much trouble. Dear me, T might have
done worse. I might have earned the blessing of these children's
gratitude." She sighed again.
"No, it's useless to mourn over lost opportunities : the ques-
HER VACATION. 30!^
tion is, what shall I do with this money ? Perhaps I would better
give it to poor, struggling cousin Ralph, but no, he said, only the
other day, that money would make him miserable, and I guess it
would, it has made me. I might give it to some charitable insti-
tution ; build a modest home for old friendless maids? No, I
won't do that; if the. silly things, like myself, have neglected to
make for themselves friends, they deserve to be friendless. And
as for being lonely, I think most of us have had one chance, only
we neglected to sieze it. So I think, after all, that we deserve our
fate; and,- after all, it is still bearable. And I really know of a
number of old maids who are a blessing in the community. Am
I one of them ?"
With a guilty shake of the head, she sat musing again a while.
Then she suddenly arose.
"No, I will not give it away. I'll enjoy it, enjoy it to the
fullest- extent, myself. That's why it was sent to me. Perhaps
God sends me this in answer to all my prayers in my younger days,
when I wanted to find a vocation, when I longed to become some-
thing in the world. He has seen my patient toiling, weary plod-
ding, and this is my reward. All the things I wanted in my youth
I can have now. I can travel, and I will. I can have beautiful
clothes, and I will."
She walked over to the mirror and surveyed herself. 'T can
still be beautiful if I have the price, and I have, and so I will be
beautiful."
She shook out her long, dark hair, already streaked with grey ;
looked at tlie tell-tale crows-feet about the eyes, the still worse
lines about the neck, and the downward tendencies of the corners
of the mouth. "Ah, I can darken this hair easily ; diligent massage
will help the wrinkles and the mouth — well I can smile now, plenty
of smiling will bring those drooping corners up again, and I can
afford to smile now, to be sure, and smile I will and be handsome,
for you can't enjoy life unless you're handsome; young and hand-
some, of course. And I can still fool people as to my age, if I
can't fool Father Time. Oh, Fm glad it isn't too late yet, glad,
glad ! Look, Fm already five years younger, what will I be when
Fve smiled constantly a year or so and adorned myself becom-
ingly?"
Helen went to bed feeling very dififerently to what she had
felt for many years, fully determined to be happy ever after,
never suspecting that selfish people are never happy. She
went to sleep with a vision of the wonderful things she would
have. She could have flowers now, they had always been her de-
light ; plenty of flowers, ah, every conceivable kind. In fact, she
would go to a land of flowers and just live with flowers and beau-
tiful things and congenial people.
Accordingly she went. And when she had feasted her eyes
306 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
and her hungry heart till she was satisfied, on the gorgeous flow-
ers, wonderful shrubbery and stately palms of California for six
months, she came back to her native city, weary and sadder than
she had ever been in the days of her poverty.
There was no one to meet her when she returned, for no one
had known that she was absent, save an old maiden aunt, who was
cross and hard to please. They two were the only near relatives
left of their family.
Helen stood by her mirror once more, the evening of her
home-coming and smiled bittterly at the image which met her
gaze. "Poor, foolish girl, you thought you could beguile yourself
and others into thinking you young once more ; but you counted
without your wrinkled old face and your wrinkled old soul. And
so you have come back a wiser, if not a very much better, woman
than you went away. No, the fortune came too late.
"And now, the best and only thing is to find my vocation, if
that isn't too late, also, and try to find, at least contentment, for
there is no real happiness in this world, after all.
"If Aunt Maria wasn't so miserable and disagreeable, I might
take her to my heart and nurse her in her old age, but the only
pleasant thing about her is her love of flowers. No, I couldn't
endure it, that's out of the question, though she hinted pretty
broadly about her loneliness, when she heard I had the money.
But, of course, I can make her some small monthly allowance, and
that I will.
"I wonder what one's vocation might really be? In my youth,
I used to love to tell stories to children, and I even dreamed once
that I might become a story writer, but that's out of the question
now. I think I shall go into the flower business, and see what I
can do at that. Flowers at least are grateful for a little care ; they
are like children. And since I have no children, I shall bestow
all the pent-up mother love in my withered old breast on flowers —
that sounds well, something like old times, when I used to delight
in turning pretty phrases: Shows that there is still a spark of
the old fire left ; it might be kindled into a nice little flame yet.
Well, we shall see what tomorrow brings."
She was in the habit of saying her prayers, but tonight she
went to bed without doing so. She felt a cetrain vague resentment
towards Providence for having sent her this fortun^ so late in
life. She felt that she was not grateful, so would not make a pre-
tense at it, so she told herself. What good was money anyway,
or life, for that matter? Hers had been so lonely, so empty. The
still, little voice that whispered ever so faintly the reason why her
life was lonely was unheeded. As for the money, she had been
happier without it ; more content in her work.
"How foolish they are who long for money," she thought
HER VACATION. 307
with a tinge of contempt, "they don't know how httle it amounts
to after they get it. No, it had come too late, at least for her."
The next afternoon found h'er down town at a florist's, look-
ing about and asking different questions as ^;o retail prices of cer-
tain plants of which she had already found out the wholesale prices
in California, and as she could not well go without buying some-
thing, she filled her hands with a generous bouquet of spring
flowers, fragrant and beautiful.
She decided to take them to her aunt and gladden her old
heart.
But the old lady had taken an afternoon ofif and Helen stood
on her aunt's doorstep, disappointed and tired, for she had walked
all the way in order to enjoy the fresh, green lawns and the bud-
ding flowers.
She felt cross and irritated. Why on earth couldn't the old
lady have stayed at home today of all days? She was always com-
plaining that no one ever came to see her and that she never went
to see anybody. Helen slammed the gate, as she went out and
stood gazing about her with anything but a pleasant expression,
which made her look five years older, had she but known it.
She decided to take the car on the next corner, and on the
way she passed the magnificent new L. D. S. hospital. She looked
at its grey massive walls and thought of the many sufiferers it con-
tained, some perhaps anxiously waiting for death and others fer-
vently praying for life.
Yes, that was certainly one thing she had forgotten last night
— her splendid health. That was worth being grateful for. Now,
if she had known someone inside those walls she might have gone
in and perhaps made someone glad with these flowers. Suppose
she should go anyway ? Slowly she retraced her steps back to the
entrance.
She ascended the broad stone steps and stood hesitatingly in
the vestibule. Others were going in all the time, so it must be
visiting time. A man in uniform came forward and asked whom
she had come to see. Why, she wanted to see an old lady, but had
forgotten her name. Did she know on what division she was, or
what her trouble was ? No, she did not. How long had she been
there? Helen could not say exactly how long. The man shook
his head and Helen felt rather foolish, and wished she had not
come. Just then, one of the nurses, who had been seeing a visitor
to the door, turned and came forward. She had evidently heard
the conversation, for she asked in a kindly manner if she could be
of any assistance. 'T wonder if it isn't old Mrs. Brown, she is a
T. B. patient," to the man. Then to Helen : "She is on the fifth
floor, but if you'll follow me, I will take you to her. Has she
been there a long time?" Helen was sure she had been there quite
308 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
a long- time, though she did not know how they counted time in
the hospital. "She will he glad to see you," continued the nurse;
"she has so few friends seemingly. I think her relatives live in
the country at quite a distance." Helen thought so, too. She was
now certain, she said, that that was the lady she wanted.
She followed the nurse up the broad stairways, through the
seeming airy corridors, where patients in the convalescent stage
reclined in easy chairs in more or less elaborate kimonos and
coquettish caps. They were chatting cheerfully, happily. No
doubt life looked brighter, more beautiful to them than ever before,
now that they might take up its burdens again with the prospects
of better health.
The nurse had a smile and a kindly word for each, and Helen
was wondering whether she had not missed her vocation by not
becoming a nurse, as she saw the responsive smiles on all sides.
Still they kept on climbing. Now they were on the fifth floor
and she followed her white-dressed guide past the different rooms,
where scores of patients were lying on their snowy beds, some
with hopeful faces, talking to visiting friends, others in utter aban-
don of suffering with contorted features.
Something swelled in Helen's throat, and her eyes grew dim.
She took out her handkerchief and just then she brushed by a
woman with a tear-stained face, who had just taken leave of some-
one in an invalid chair. Helen wiped away a tear and, looking up,
she saw a little boy, — perhaps ten or twelve years old — with head
bandaged and minus his right arm and leg. He had such a pathetic
little smile on his thin, pale face, as he watched the retreating
figure, evidently his mother. The brave little smile told how hard
he tried to show mother that he wanted to bear his misfortune
like a man, and the twitching corners of the mouth told how hard
it was.
Helen took out a handful of flowers and laid them in his lap,
as she hurried past him. Then the nurse opened a door and
ushered her into a cozy little room, where an old lady was bending
herself double, trying to read a book she had great difficulty in
keeping on her knees, and it fell to the floor with a crash, as the
visitor entered and the wondering old eyes looked up, as she slowly
tried to straighten up from her bent position. Helen held out her
hand and told the patient she had come to see her and had brought
her some flowers. Then Helen thanked the nurse and told her
that this was the lady she wanted. The patient was very much
surprised and pleased, but said she couldn't remember her and
wanted to know if she had just come from the fields, there was
such a lovely smell of flowers about her. Helen showed her the
flowers again, and told her how she had come there. Then she
picked up the book, which proved to be the Bible, and oflfered to
read to her. The old lady was overjoyed, and Helen read and
HER VACATION. 309
afterwards talked to her : told her of the beautiful country she
had just visited, where there are always flowers in bloom and never
any winter. The old lady listened with a child-like expression of
wonder and urged her to tell on.
"God must have sent you, dear sister," she said, "for I told
him today how poor and lonely I was, and that everybody seemed
to have forgotten me. Oh, it's so lonely, sister," and the poor old
face dropped down to the handkerchief in her hands which she
had not lifted from her knees. Helen took the trembling hands
and promised that she would not feel so lonely again, for she
would come often, and visit her. Arranging the flowers in two
glasses and placing them where the patient could see them all the
time, Helen took leave, followed by the old lady's tearful gratitude
and blessings.
As she passed the room outside in which the little boy had
sat, Helen peeped in, yes, there he was ; the back of his chair had
been lowered and he was reclining at full length, her flowers still
in his hand. She entered and advanced to the boy and asked with
all the sympathy her heart felt for him, how he was.
"Better," he said wearily, as if he was tired of being asked.
She stood a moment helplessly and looked at him.
"You like story-books?" seeing several about him.
"Sure, I do!" Then with a sudden thought, 'can't you tell
me a story?"
"Indeed, I can, and will. It is too late, today, but I will come
tomorrow at three o'clock sharp and bring you a picture-book and
then I'll tell you stories." The boy's face shone.
"Sure, now?"
"Sure!"
The other patients had become interested. Helen must say a
word or two to them, and in her heart she resolved that they should
all have flowers on the morrow. Then she patted the boy's hand ;
his face resumed its weary look. Poor little fellow. To have to
go through life with only half a body. Oh, the pity, the sadness
of it. when he should come to realize what that would mean.
Helen left the hospital treading on air, she smiled on every-
body, and they were genuine, heartfelt smiles. As she turned to
catch the car, it seemed to her as if she, too, had left some dis-
agreeable complaint in the hospital ; and that life hereafter would
look better and brighter to her.
"I have found my vocation, I have found my vocation," was
the song within her, as the car rumbled on. She had to hum a
tune, quite low, something she had not done for years. When she
reached home, she threw ofif her wraps, and just sat down and
cried, cried for very joy. Could anyone have imagined that there
was so much joy in doing a little good.
Afterwards she brought out her account book and went over
310 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
it item my item. She frowned at the sums she had spent in her
fooHsh pleasure-hunt. She would give up the idea of a store,
now, but she would have a flower garden and Aunt Maria should
help her raise flowers. Yes, she would take her old aunt to live
with her and they two would go about distributing flowers : her
aunt should share in the pleasure as well as the toil.
It was a different Helen Andrews who went to bed that night
to the one who had gotten up that morning. She lay till long after
the midnight hour had struck, planning how best to arrange her
life so as to make the most of what might be left to her.
And that boy — ah, she must tell him what a splendid man he
could still make of himself in spite of his misfortune, and she must
never lose sight of him.
Oh, what a blessing that little fortune would be after all ! For
with it she could bless and serve others — and that, after all, is the
only true and lasting happiness.
"Thanks, dear Lord, it came just in time. Just in time!" she
whispered sleepily. And the Angel of Peace spread his wings
over the sleeper.
EMPLOYMENT BUREAU AT PRESIDING BISHOP'S
OFFICE.
Mothers, daughters, or granddaughters should know of
the Bureau of Employment which has been established in this
city, in the office of the Presiding Bishopric. Elder Frank Pen-
rose meets every train of emigrants, and locates all of them in
temporary quarters on their arrival in Utah. He also finds work
foi men, women, and girls, who apply to him, as well as supplying
help to those who require his services.
We suggest to all of our Relief Society members that they
do net allow their young daughters to come to the city for employ-
ment without bringing a letter to the Presiding Bishop's Office,
signed by the mother or guardian of the girl who wishes to obtain
work, giving the home address of the person wanting work.
Instruct your girls to go at once to the Presiding Bishop's
Office, and register, Elder Penrose will then look after further de-
tails. No charge is made for this help.
"The Bridegroom Cometh."
By L. Lula Greene Richards.
Zion, Thou Bride Elect :
Hasten thy purification ;
Make ready for thy Bridegroom's entrance.
Turn not thine eyes on empty vanities,
Let them not feast on treasures perishable ;
But with a steadfast earnestness be fixed
Upon the riches of eternity ;
Let them be cleansed and strengthened to behold
The majesty and glory of the Lord.
Make clean thy lips from idle, evil speech.
Thy tongue from uttering words of foolishness.
Incline thine ear to listen and receive
Each message heralding the near approach.
Freed from all selfishness and vain desires,
Thy heart with richness then shall overflow ;
So shall thy soul be filled with living light,
Leaving no room for chilling unbelief.
Wear not the worldly, ill-becoming dress,
But clothe in beauty, suited to thy state,
The garment chaste and plain to cover thee,
xAnd peerless, spotless robe of righteousness.
From royal jewel-case, gift of thy Prince,
Adorn thy neck with gems of faith and hope;
Bracelets of honor clasp upon thine arms ;
Thy girdle be of virtue, strength and love ;
Sandals of speed, and courage on thy feet ;
Thy hand the sceptre hold of power and peace ;
Stand thou erect while over all is draped
Thy lovely mantle of pure charity.
In reverence bow thy fair and queenly head.
While on thy modest, smiling brow is set.
By Him who cometh, thy bright crown of truth. '
When thou art ready, Zion, He will come
Who unmistakably declareth — "Lo,
I come quickly. I ani the Lord ! Amen."
Home Department.
. By Janettc ./. Hyde.
In presenting the articles which will appear in the Home De-
partment of our magazine, we have more especially in mind the
many women of our Society who have not the opportunity of con-
sulting professional architects and builders.
We hope to cover, eventually, every practical phase of home
building, and home-making. Not only shall we present plans for
new buildings, but we will also take up new and inexpensive con-
trivances and improvements, which will be found suitable and
feasible to introduce into any of our Relief Society halls or dwell-
ing houses, already builded. In all of these, we will consider the
very best methods and materials to be used in their preparation.
We have secured the assistance of Architect Don C. Young, Jr.,
feeling that our sisters and patrons are entitled to the very best
professional advice we can secure.
"Gardening," which was one of our home departments, has
l^een so successful, that we are more determined than ever to con-
tinue along the lines of this work. We have received most flatter-
ing reports from almost every stake in Zion, with regard to the
success of our Home Garden Lessons. So much were they en-
thused and so hard have they worked, that thousands of flowers
were raised, both for selling and free distribution among the peo-
p\e. Some of our sisters of Canada have gone quite extensively
into the raising of flowers. They feel deeply the inspiration of
the new Temple, and what that brings to them all. and they realize
the importance of associating their beautifying gardening work
with the grounds surrounding that sacred edifice. To this end
they have established hot-beds, and will make a bower of loveliness,
in time, about the Temple.
.Several cal+s have come recently to the General Board for
plans for new Relief Society halls. In the two plans we present
here, the architect has endeavored to combine simplicity of pur-
]H)sc. econonn' in cx])enditurc, and suital^lity to all requirements.
SCHEME NO. 1.
Scheme No. 1 is worked out with the homelike feeling that
"is found onl}- in the modern bungalow. The style of the building
is strictly modern and up-to-date, and is well suited for a broad lot,
or a narrow piece of ground, and would fit well on a corner lot.
The artistic groupings of the windows, together with the attached
flower-lioxes, renders the design very attractive and inviting.
Mafcrials. The main walls may be constructed of wood cov-
ered with selected shingles, or the shingles may be replaced with
HOME DEPARTMENT.
313
metal lath and cement plaster having a pebble-dash finish. How-
ever, it is recommended that the walls be of brick laid up with a
large open joint, giving a rustic appearance to the building.
The base is of cement concrete, having a rough and uniform
finish which should be done in the forms. The front steps are
also to be constructed in cement.
The roof is of simple construction suitable to any locality, the
weathering to be of wooden shingles, which may be painted a
moss-green to add to the color scheme.
Interior. The general arrangement of the inside is well
studied out, having two entrances, one in front and another at the
rear which opens into the kitchen or serving room. The main
entrance leads into a reception hall where coats, hats, overshoes,
etc., may be removed before entering the main building. At the
rear of the entrance hall, may be found ample toilet accommoda-
tions.
The main work room is 30x16 feet, and is entered directly
. '••--•'= -o
<Pa'.irt}l^'»\r^ar;-
PLAN OF RELIEF SOCIETY HALL. NO. I.
314 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
from the entrance hall through a large double door. This room
is well lighted on three sides, having a large old-fashioned fireplace
on the further side from the entrance, all of which tends to make
the room a very cheerful one.
The finish of doors and windows is of plain design, done with
natural wood finish.
The plaster of walls to be done in a rough sand finish, while
the ceiling may have a white hard finish.
The floors may be of Oregon fir, flooded with oil and well
varnished.
At the rear of the main work room there is provided a well
equipped bufifet kitchen and a good-sized store room provided with
ample shelving. The store room can be entered either from the
work room or from the kitchen, and will be found very convenient
for storing sewing machines and other working paraphernalia.
In the kitchen is located a cooler which would take the place
of a refrigerator in winter.
The building can be provided with a cellar under the rear in
which a heating plant could be installed, if so desired.
Cost. This scheme. No. 1, is designed to meet the require-
ments of the smaller towns and villages. Its cubical contents is
about 17,000, which would make the cost, for its erection under the
most favorable circumstances, from fifteen to seventeen hundred
dollars.
SCHEME NO. 2.
This scheme does not have the homelike appearance that is
found in scheme No. 1. It is somewhat larger than scheme No. 1,
and has more of an ecclesiastical feeling. The style employed in
this scheme is after the colonial order of architecture.
Material. The main walls may be constructed either of red
brick laid up in a large open joint, or it may be done in stucco on
brick or wood with metal lath. The foundation is to be of cement
concrete, with a rough, even finish for that part above the ground.
The roof in this scheme is also of simple construction with
the weathering of wooden shingles, as in the other scheme.
The front steps are also of cement. The main entrance is
very large and inviting, being placed in the center of the front
facade and leads directly through the main hall into the work
room. At the right is to be found the secretary's office, while a
cloak room occupies the same part of the front of the building at
the left. Here also is found ample toilet accommodation. The
toilet room is well ventilated with a separate flue, running to the
roof.
The main work room has a special treatment in the ceiling
which is slightly vaulted and springs from stucco moulded cornices
on each side of the room.
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PLAN OF RELIEF SOCIETY HALL. NO. II.
The room is well lighted with properly proportioned windows,
trimmed with a plain red gum architrave, finished in Circassian
walnut which gives to the room a feeling of welcome and good
cheer.
As in the other scheme, there is provided a buffet kitchen and
store room at the rear of the building. The arrangement of these
two rooms is similar to the ones already described.
The heating plant, if desired, would be located in the base-
ment, which is under the kitchen and store room.
The cubical contents of this scheme is 34.500 feet ; and, under
the most favorable circumstances, would therefore cost from
thirtv-five hundred to four thousand dollars.
The General Board have decided to organize a Home Com-
mittee to carry on the work here suggested, and to take up classes
in Home Science, Home Art and Rural Improvement. The Com-
mittee will have the endorsement and assistance of Dr. John A.
Widtsoe, head of the A. C. U., and his corps of trained experts
in the Extension work of that school.
Anv inquiries or questions concerning home-making and
homebuilding can be addressed to Home Department, and we will
be pleased to answer.
Nursing in the Relief Society.
The systematic and properly regulated methods now used in
our Relief Society Nurse School is but the outgrowth of the
heavenly ministrations inaugurated by the Prophet Joseph Smith,
and carried forward in Nauvoo under the charge of his kindly and
big-hearted wife, Emma Hale Smith, who was the first presidetit of
this Society. She was assisted in this work by such noble and
lofty women as Mary Fielding Smith, and Mercy R. Thompson,
Eliza R. Snow Smith, Mother Whitney, Marinda and Mary Ann
Hyde, Elvira Cowles and Sarah M. Kimball. The Prophet Joseph
Smith laid his hands on these womens' heads and set them apart
to go about among the sick and minister to their wants.
Directly after the saints reached these valleys, the need of
trained women nurses was felt. And the quick sympathy of Doc-
tor and President Willard Richards moved him to establish a
"Council of Health," in 1849, in his own home, near where the
Dcserct Nczvs Building now stands. Think of it. you moderns,
a "Council of Health !" He taught a class of young women in his
own small home, such famous women as Zina D. Young, Prescinda
H. Kimball, Emmeline B. Wells, and Susannah Liptrot Richards,
wife of the doctor, belonging to this pioneer nurse class. Mrs.
Richards was a graduate nurse from England, and taught the
class when the doctor could not be present.
Our own beloved President, Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells, car-
ried her baby Isabel in her arms to attend this class, and "Aunt
Em" is perhaps the only surviving member of the original Nurse
School in this Church. The work going forward now, therefore,
is but a modern development of those early efforts. "There were
giants in those days."
Sister Zina D. Young gave nurse class lectures in the old
Exponent office, during the year, 1875, and following years. Our
skeleton now used in our Relief Society Nurse Class was purchased
by the Relief Society in that early day, and "Aunt Em" laughingly
recalls how people stared and wondered how she could stay nights
with the gruesome thing in the office.
Most of our readers are familiar with the fact that semi-pro-
fessional training of nurses for Relief Society purposes was under-
taken about fifteen years ago. Dr. Romania B. Penrose was the first
graduated "Mormon" physician, she having studied in the Wo-
man's College of Physicians and Surgeons, in Philadelphia. She
graduated in 1877, and immediately on her return to Utah, she
opened a class in obstetrics and nursing, and taught one each year
thereafter. The Deseret Hospital, which was the pioneer Utah
NURSING IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 317
hospital, was opened on 5th East, in 1882. In 1887,^r. Penrose
was made resident physician of the hospital, where she continued
until 1893.
Dr. Ellis R. Shipp and Dr. Mararget C. Roberts, who gradu-
ated later than Dr. Penrose, both came home, and established pri-
vate classes for obstetrics and nursing, on their return to Utah.
In 1900, the Relief Society Nurse School was organized and
since that date, women have been given a season's class work in the
fundamentals of nursing.
The Deseret Hospital has graduated professional nurses since
their opening, in 1905, and such nurses take a three years' course
in that magnificent institution on the hillside. This, of course,
prepares them to meet all of the complications and emergencies of
their professional careers ; while our Relief Society nurses are
trained rather for the simpler cases of home nursing, and district
visiting, which, after all, are the more important because they are
the more frequent. The nurses thus technically prepared are per-
haps more skillful, and the work is now more systematically en-
gaged in than in our Pioneer days, yet with no more loving care
nor generous solicitude. Perhaps not as much faith is manifested
today, as was manifested by the devoted women who gave their
services in our pioneer communities, because they were needed and
worked with little training, no money, and no thought of reward.
In the last fifteen years, the Relief Society Nurse School has
had three teachers — Dr. Margaret C. Roberts, who opened the
class work ; Dr. Romania B. Penrose, and Dr. Ellis R. Shipp who
taught one year in the school, in 1907, graduating thirty-three well
equipped nurses, all of whom passed the State Board of Examina-
tion and most, if not all, of whom are in the field today doing
good work.
The following article by Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings, and the
note which follows, were furnished at the request of the editor of
the Magazine:
The Relief Society School of 1915.
^3' Priscilla P. Jennings.
The Relief Society Nurses have just completes their course
for 1915.
It has been a very successful class. Dr. M. C. Roberts — their
instructor — has spared no pains in training them in the essentials
for a nurse, and has given them many advantages by having ef-
ficient doctors lecture to them. She has put them in a way to make
good use of their knowledge, and to make fine, noble women of
themselves.
What we expect of our Relief Society nurses is that they will
be honorable in keeping their appointments, always responding
NURSING IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 319
to the call of suffering humanity. They have been set apart by the
brethren holding the Priesthood, and they now go forth to do
their part with the Spirit of the Lord resting over them. We
shall hope for them to go to the sick in all humility, and with a
prayer in their hearts, that the Lord will bless them with his
Spirit, that they may be a great success in taking care of the sick.
We expect them to be a comfort to the family of the af-
flicted. They are many times called to the houses of the poor,
and it is more blessed to minister to those that have not the means
to help themselves, than to wait upon the rich, and the well
favored. In doing good to others, we receive a greater blessing
for ourselves. Therefore, the dear nurses must be always ready
to help those who need them.
There will be many things to endure, but when we are walking
in the path that Jesus walked, we will always have his Spirit with
us.
We expect our nurses to attain the highest standard through
their love and charity for others. We are very proud of our
nurses ; and as they are in such demand, we would advise many
more of our young girls to take up the work. If a woman does
not need the profession for support, it will always be a great
benefit to her in her own family.
Let the Relief Society nurse be the very best woman and
saint in our whole community.
REASONS FOR A RELIEF SOCIETY NURSE SCHOOL.
As given By Dr. M. C. Roberts.
1st: That the most distant, rural, community as well as those
living in cities, may receive skillful nursing.
The students sent by the Relief Society are charged a nominal
fee, in consideration of which, they sign a contract to do a certain
amount of charity nursing ; and for a specified length of time, they
nurse for wages, as designated by the president of the ward Re-
lief Society.
2nd : Women who have to support themselves — and others —
and can not take a three years' course at a hospital, may obtain a
lucrative profession in this way.
3rd : We consider this course in nursing a most essential
part of every woman's education, that she may understand herself
physically, and the laws of hygiene and sanitation — preparing her-
self for the great work of wifehood and motherhood.
Students have come from Arizona, Colorado, Canada, Idaho,
Mexico, Nevada, Utah and Wyoming.
There have been three hundred and twenty Relief Society
nurse graduates in the eight classes taught by Dr. Roberts, besides
the private pupils that she has taught in obstetrics and nursing.
Clothing for Women.
PROPER DRESS FOR NURSES.
It may be that some unthoughtful persons who see a nurse
in her starched dress, apron, and cap, walking about a sick room,
or, perchance, taking a little stroll in the neighborhood for a breath
of fresh air, obtain the impression that this regulation costume is
simply an affectation. Now, this is not so.
There is a very good reason why the nurses should, and
usually do, wear the uniform prescribed for them in all modern
hospitals, and used by professional nurses in homes as well as in
institutions. The reason for this costume is simple — it is purely
a matter of hygienic protection to both patient and nurse, as well
as to the other inmates of the hospital. The clean-looking blue
or white dress is starched, not alone for looks, but also because
bacteria find no lodgment in such wearing apparel.
In the first place, it is uniform, that is, the pattern of the
dress, apron, and cap are pretty much alike in every institution or
hospital, with such modifications as individual taste may indicate.
This uniformity is dictated by good sense and economy. It is
working along the line of least resistance in dress.
Second, the colors are white or blue, because both these
shades are restful and attractive to the eye of sick people, and
because they easily show the least accretion of soil or uncleanli-
ness ; and uncleanliness, you know, is both unsanitary and un-
healthful.
The material for the nurse's dress is cotton or linen, because it
washes easily, launders nicely, is cool in the warm temperature of
most sick rooms, and it has the added recommendation of being
cheap and easily obtained in quantities.
Nurses usually change their uniforms three times a week.
The form of the dress, apron, and cap, follow graceful lines — the
simplest of fashions, the skirt being short, the apron made with a
bib, while the sleeve finishes with a cuff that can easily be rolled
back, and the apron has a comfortable pocket.
The cap is worn, not so much for ornament, — although it is
an exceedingly chic addition to the trim little costume, — but its
presence is required to prevent the nurses from filling their hair
with diseased microbes from patients' breaths and bodies — such,
at least, was the original idea in nurses' caps.
We suggest an adaptation of this costume for the mother or
sister who is nursing her beloved sick in her own home, and thus
secure as near an approach to the ideal regulation nurses' custom
as she may.
Genealogy.
The great International Congress on Genealogy, to be held the
last week in July in San Francisco, is arousing deep interest in
this intermountain region. Especially is this true of the Utah
Genealogical program, which is to be held on July 27, during that
week. We are pleased to say that the Genealogical Society of
Utah has named twenty-five delegates from that Society, headed
by President Joseph F. Smith, President Anthon H. Lund, Presi-
dent Chas. W. Penrose, President Francis Marion Lyman, Bishop
C. W. Nibley, and twenty other well-known delegates.
The Relief Society Extension Work which has excited inter-
est, not only in this country, but in Europe, and which was the sub-
ject of a pargarph in a German antiquarian magazine of recent
date, will be represented on the program of the Utah Society.
We are happy to say that President Emmeline B. Wells, who
was one of those who were baptized in the Mississippi River by the
Prophet Joseph Smith, when the principle of salvation for the dead
was introduced, will be at the head of the Relief Society delega-
tion. So deep is the interest felt by the presiding authorities of
the Church and of this Society that each member of the General
Board of the Relief Society has been appointed a delegate to
this great convention ; and most of them will accompany President
E. B. Wells and the other delegates from the Relief Society in
the special train, which will be provided for this great party.
The names of the Stake and Ward Relief Society delegates
should be sent in to this office from the various stakes not later than
the last week in June, as the Genealogical Society of Utah in-
tend publishing the program, which will be used in the conven-
tion, and the delegates' names will be printed in this program.
We wish to say to all of our friends, that visitors may enter
this party at any time, even within the last three days ; but if they
wish to become delegates, which means they will have a seat in the
convention, and have a vote, their names should be sent as soon as
possible, so that they can be published in the program which
is to be prepared by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
We congratulate all who may take this trip, as it will be
historic in every sense of the word.
Sample pages of the L. D. S. Family and Individual record
can be furnished at 45c a hundred, or $3.35 a thousand, not includ-
ing postage. Other blanks, 10c a dozen.
Current Topics.
James H. Anderson.
"Clean-up day" in Utah has had a really remarkable effect in
most of the cities, by giving them a tidier appearance.
Whatever may be the next great development of the European
war, the dismemberment of Turkey now seems to be a settled fact.
Eleven thousand women have been enrolled on the police force
in the larger cities of Italy, to keep peace at home while the men
make war abroad.
Tranquility in the Far East has been assured through China
yielding to the demands of Japan. The latter has the most and
the biggest guns and the best trained soldiery.
The University of Utah dispute seems to have settled down
to the point where the law which requires the board of regents to
control the institution is being given real effect.
The Mexican people continue to starve or butcher each other.
After two years, the difificulties in our sister republic seem to be
no nearer an amicable settlement.
California has been known as "the beet sugar State," but Utah
is running her a close second. Two new sugar factories will be
built in Utah this year, one in Salt Lake and another in Davis
county, Avhile California loses at least one such factory.
One class of leading citizens declares that the United States
navy is equal to all prospective emergencies, while another class
insists that the contrary is the fact ; but neither has such confidence
in our naval strength as to seek an actual demonstration of which
is right.
Dr. Bernhard Dernberg, former German colonial secretary,
and erstwhile unofificial spokesman for Germany in the United
States, has found it advisable to depart from America, because of
his objectionable utterances on international affairs. Even a par-
rot can get into trouble by talking too much.
Now Portugal has had a touch of war, albeit this was of an
internal character. A few of the smaller nations of Europe only
.CURRENT TOPICS. 323
are not involved in war, yet even these are "holding the clothes"
of the combatants by caring for the rights of belligerents in the
warring nations, and suffering themselves actual injury by the
conflict.
At the Mohonk conference on international arbitration, Presi-
dent Hibben of Princeton University startled the ultra-peace advo-
cates by demanding an armed preparation "against war," if not
"for war." At this point the conference failed to apply its own
theory of arbitration to get its differing elements to an amicable
agreement.
Ex-President Taft sounds a word of warning to the American
people in calling attention to the extreme attitude assumed by some
leaders of the American Federation of Labor. The ex-president
says those leaders seek to make of themselves a privileged class,
and often exercise a power that has become oppressive and detri-
mental to the public weal and good of society.
Three great volcanoes were in active eruption in the United
States during the month of May — Lassen Peak in California and
Iliamna and an unidentified mountain in Alaska. In the case of
Lassen Peak, ashes were carried a distance of over 200 miles. It
is a comfort to know that neither of these disturbers of earth and
air are within easy reach of thickly populated districts.
While the work is going on quietly, a notably beneficial ad-
vancement in the care of the sick and suffering among people in
this part of the world is being made by the training of so many
intelligent women as Relief Society nurses, ever ready to hear the
call of the distressed and to give needed relief both by deed and
faith.
America's Liberty Bell is to be in Salt Lake City on July 11,
en route to the exposition at San Francisco. Of the many thou-
sands who will flock to view the historic relic, not a few will be
impressed with the virtue in a thought expressed by the poet, that
while the "old bell now is silent, and hushed its iron tongue, the
music it awakened still lives, forever young."
A commission in Salt Lake county, Utah, has discovered that
fully eighty per cent of the school children there have defective
teeth. Here is a good opportunity for dental science to relieve a
world of suffering, not only in toothache among the tots, but in
stomach troubles which result from the defective condition com-
plained of. Meanwhile, "candy intoxication" will give continuous
trouble.
324 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
When Col. James R. Mann, Republican leader in the Con-
gressional House of Representatives, and in a position necessarily
opposed to any party measure of the present national administra-
tion, was invited to offer a criticism of President Wilson's neu-
trality policy in the present European crisis, he silenced the would-
be agitators by the laconic reply that there were "too many nations
at war already." This is the view of the most capable American
statesmen, regardless of party affiliations.
In the libel suit between two of New York's great men, Theo-
dore Roosevelt and William H. Barnes, the former says trial bv
jury is a success, because the verdict was in his favor ; while his
opponent is not so certain about it. Be that as it may, even the
verdict of "twelve men good and true" in New York does not settle
the question in the minds of the friends of the contestants ; these
differ as widely as before.
Lord Kitchener is severely criticized by some of the news-
papers in England, for his conduct of the British campaign in the
present war. There is nothing new in editors assuming to know
more about militant matters — with their tongues, or pencils — than
do trained soldiers. Neither Lincoln nor Grant were strangers to
this fact ; and in Kitchener's own experience he has been most se-
verely criticized when on the verge of his greatest success.
William Marconi, the inventor, says he has discovered a
method by which persons can look through a sohd wall and ob-
serve what is going on on the other side, but he will not give it
out for fear of the evil purposes to which the method may be put.
The use of such a discovery might be discomforting to a great
many people, but the Good Book says there "is nothing secret that
shall not be made known," and if Marconi does not tell, then
someone else will, since human curiosity and energy do not permit
such a discovery to remain unexploited.
A notable event of the past month in the European war was
the sinking of the great ocean liner Lusitania by a German sub-
marine, off the coast of Ireland, the lives of over eleven hundred
non-combatants — men, women and children — being lost. Nearly
one hundred Americans met death by the sinking of the ship, and
the United States government made a vigorous protest to Germany
against such methods in warfare. Little Holland, too, almost
under the German heel, made emphatic objection to this act by the
Teutons, there being a number of citizens of that nation among
those who were lost. The world waits breathlessly for the polit-
ical outcome of this tragic incident.
In the Kitchen Laboratory.
Mrs. Hazel L. Dunford.
I.
FOOD FOR THE SICK.
The feeding of well persons is a question of great moment,
but when it comes to preparing food for those who are ill, the
subject is of relatively supreme importance.
The appetite of a well individual is usually a safe guide, but
in case of disease, it is usually so perverted as to be of no prac-
tical use. And if these longings are followed, the result is gen-
erally a disappointment ; for, as a rule, when one is ill "all things
have the same taste," as we have often heard patients say.
Never consult a sick person as to what he shall have to eat,
or even discuss his diet within hearing distance.
The physician in attendance, usually prescribes for the patient,
and he should know the required need of the one in his charge.
In many diseases, food plays a very important part toward
recovery. The quantity and kind vary, according to the nature of
the disease. In some cases, it is absolutely necessary to withhold
food for days— the object being to starve the germs that cause
the disease.
In chronic cases, the food supply should be studied carefully,
and the strength of the patient kept up. As a rule, in such a case,
one has the advice of a physician to follow.
Always avoid giving food that will overtax the individual.
Food must be assimilated to be of any use. A common mistake
made is to overfeed — especially during convalescence — and the
result is too often a relapse.
In preparing food for the sick, there are a few essential things
that should be kept in mind :
Cleanliness of every article is absolutely necessary. Appeal
to the sense of sight as much as possible ; appeal to the sense of
taste ; consider the digestibility of the food given, and remember
economy. Many times a sick person in the house calls for all
sorts of extravagances. This is not necessary. As was pointed
out in a previous article, foods purchased out of season are of
inferior quality, due to the shipping, packing, etc. The high price
paid in no way renders these foods more easily digested. If food
is well cooked and artistically served — no matter how cheap — it
will be acceptable by those who are sick.
326 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
RECIPES.
Eggnog.
Break one egg into a bowl, add ]4, teaspoon salt and 2 tea-
spoons of sugar ; beat until very light. Add 1 cup good milk,
and a little nutmeg; serve immediately.
Foamy Omelet.
Separate the yolks from the whites of two eggs. To the
yolks add ]4, teaspoon salt, a dash of pepper. Beat with Dover
egg-beater until light ; add 2 tablespoons of milk. Beat the whites
until fairly stiff, and fold them into the yolks. Pour the mixture
into a hot buttered omelet pan ; cook for about five minutes, then
put into the oven for one minute to cook the upper surface. Cut
nearly through, and lay one-half over the other. Serve imme-
diately.
Egg Cream.
Separate yolks of two eggs from the whites. Add two table-
spoons sugar to yolks. Heat until well mixed; add juice and
grated rind of half lemon. Place in a dish over hot water, and
cook until the mixture begins to thicken. Add beaten whites of
egfgs and stir two minutes. Serve cold.
Beef Tea.
Cut in one-half inch pieces one-half of a round steak ; cover it
with cold water and add one-half teaspoon salt. Let stand for
three hours. Strain, and then put in a fruit jar — or glass pref-
erably— and heat slowly in warm water until it just loses its red
color. Serve in a hot bowl or glass.
Prune Whip.
Yj, lb. dried prunes, soaked over night. Boil until tender in
water in which they have been soaked. Strain through cullender.
Add to this 2 tb. lemon juice, J^ cup sugar, and boil five minutes,
making a puree. Let cool, and fold in the whites of 3 to 5 eggs.
Bake in a slow oven. Serve with a boiled custard, made of yolks
of the eggs used, 4 tb. sugar, 1^ pints of milk, or more if desired.
A little pinch of salt and a few drops of vanilla.
ODE TO THE TABERNACLE ORGAN
By Minerva P. Shaw.
Thy echo moves our hearts to tears ;
Our bosoms swell ; and yet,
'Tis not from vanished hopes or fears,
Remorse, nor vain regrets ;
But tears refreshing seem to come,
Like dewdrops to the flowers ;
To purify the human soul,
And calm this world of ours.
OGDEN, JUNE 1, 1915.
Good Health.
By Mated Baggarley.
WATER.
No thirsty mortal will dispute the fact that water — pure and
cold — is the nectar of the gods. It is, and ever will be, Nature's
sovereign remedy for sundry ills that flesh is heir to.
Like every other great and good thing the Lord has given
to man, it can be had without money and without price.
As Lowell says :
"There is no price set on the lavish summer
And spring may be had by the poorest comer — "
Thus it is with water, and with air! And yet we daily jostle
— in Life's crowded thoroughfare — those who are in dire need of
either an internal or external bath; persons whose systems are
clogged and whose senses are sluggish, all for the lack of that
which may be had even easier than Aladdin obtained what he de-
sired. They do not even need to rub a lamp !
One in health requires water, not only to quench thirst, but
to flush every part of the body. He needs it in the form of warm
baths to cleanse the covering of the sub-tissues, the skin, and to
keep the pores open.
If young people who are troubled with pimples, would
only take a cold bath every morning— shower, sponge or plunge —
those unsightly blemishes would quickly disappear. They are
nature's cry for a cup of cold water. Yet many boys and girls in
despair, will diet strictly (which makes matters worse), or will
even pay for x-ray treatments, (which are expensive, dangerous
and useless), when all they need is a liberal diet, — -consisting
mainly of graham, cornmeal, whole-wheat or rye bread, milk,
butter, fruit, and an abundance of green vegetables, and anything
else they desire, in moderation, and well chewed — a warm bath,
with plenty of soap, once a week, and the application of cold water
internally and externally.
If, in addition, they sleep in the open air and use brain and
muscles freely, the result will certainly be beneficial not only to
them but to the race.
A tepid sponge bath will soothe a feverish child ; and a free
use of cold water, in the hands of one who understands, will allay
a raging fever that strikes at the very citadel of life itself!
Nothing in the world will relieve a baby, screaming with
328 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
colic, as quickly as an intelligent use of water. When an attack
threatens, give the very young baby a hot foot bath; the older
infant, a hot sitz bath, until it is thoroughly warmed. Test the
water with your elbow to prevent burning, and keep adding warm
water. Then dry quickly, and put on its clothing which has been
warmed by the fire ; give a couple of teaspoonfuls of hot water,
containing a pinch of salt (common table salt), apply a thick cloth
wet with alcohol over the abdomen; and, finally, give a small in-
jection of warm water, and you will save yourself work and
worry, for the babe will sleep for hours without stirring.
For croup, wring a cloth out of cold water and wrap it around
the patient's throat, and cover it with a dry one; give frequent
doses of warm, consecrated oil or glycerine, and the child will soon
cease to cough.
A warm bath is good for nervousness or sleeplessness ; a cold
one is a bracing tonic that beats tea, cofifee, and drugs a mile.
Dr. Woods Hutchinson suggests that most people are under-
fed. He might have added that nine out of ten were perishing for
water !
Water treatment has become a science, and is dignified by the
cognomen of hydropathy. A full statement of its curative value
would fill a volume.
To show appreciation of a gift we must use it. Then let us
prove our gratitude to the Eternal Father, for water, by using
it to
"Make the house where Gods may dwell,
Beautiful, entire, and clean."
The General Board are delighted to welcome home Mrs.
Si rah Jenne Cannon who has been spending the winter in the far-
oflf Islands of the Pacific — Hawaii.
Sister Cannon has not been idle while she was away from
Headquarters, but has met with the Relief Society in Honolulu,
and has done a great deal of good, both amongst the sisters there,
and with the elders. The Presidency of that mission felt very
grateful for the splendid assistance rendered by Sister Cannon;
and we also rejoice in the good work she has done. Welcome
home.
A Prince of Ur.
By Homespun.
Two hours before sunset a filthy burial cart was just issuing
from the great gateway of Ur on the southeast side of the city.
It was the crude and rough cart which was used to carry out
the pauper dead of the citv to the sepulchers lying m the sides of
the low, hillv hummocks back of the river. The great mounds
which had opened their cave-like mouths for many generations
to swallow the dead of Ur were grim and loathsome m the lower
portions of these hills. Along the upper edges there were many
carved and beautiful sarcophagi, while here and there along the
face of the cliffs hung palms, or acacias with trading verdure.
At the upper portions of the tombs and burial caves, there were
many paths or allevs with rude benches and carved images of
every varietv of god known to Assyria, rising on pedestals under
the palms or squatting on low bases, and flower-bedecked. But
to the far end of all this grandeur there slept m simplicity the
less favored ones of the city's dead, while at its extreme south
edge there was a huge vawning cave into which the promiscuous
corpses were flung without much ceremony and over them was
thrown quick dissolvents to prevent possible infection.
Out of the city's gatewav, therefore, the death-cart lumbered
with creaking wheels and dust-rising slowness. The peasant
driver crept along beside the cart clucking to his jaded ass and
himself springing forward occasionahy to avoid the lash of his
master who chatted idly with the passersby or rode up from time
to time to accelerate the cart-driver's speed.
As the drearv death-march p-roceeded thus rudely, three fe-
male forms, clad 'in dark abavas. but with the unveiled faces of
the Accadians, ran hastily out of the city gate and peered anxiously
down the crowded roadway for something not seen, in the press
of other vehicles and travelers. They ran this way and that on
and on. always making for the road which led to the sepulchers
of the dead. Finallv. with a cry the taller one. a grave and hand-
some girl of twentv. with close-crinkled hair of ebony hue, and
wide but scarlet lip's, set in a face of simple lolack homely charm,
cried loudly,
"See si'^ters, there it is. Hasten, we will be too late.
The tw^o ran after her with fleet stei)>. and catching up with
the death-cart, the elder maiden spoke hurriedly to the loutish
driver.
330 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"Wait ! Wait, I beg of you. Is not this the body of the
poor slqve Zarah who was done to death today in the slave-
market?"
"Huh?" asked the lout stupidly.
The girl repeated her question. But the slave would not
deign to attempt to fathom in what matter so singular a question
about an unknown dead slave could be asked. How was he to
know she had come by her death? Life was cheap beside the
river Euphrates. He chucked loudly to his sleepy beast and
started to rumble on, the corpse bounding to and fro as he rode
roughly away.
"O, stop," cried the girl. "See, here is money."
That was a forni of salutation easily understood by every
menial since the world began. Out shot the filthy hand, and
into it dropped a small Assyrian coin. The cart was halted, the
bit of cloth thrown over the dead was pulled away, and at once,
as the sisters crowded around the bier, each whispered solemnly
to the other :
"It is Zarah !"
While they stood thus weeping beside the cart, the officer
came up swearing in guttural Assyrian. But as he saw the three
black maidens bowed over the cart, he too stopped and stared.
"O, sir," said the elder girl, "this was the sister of my mother.
She was once a free woman, but was sold by a Prince's son to a
merchant of Ninevah. We had just learned of her return to this
city when the news of her violent death also reached us. Our
father is Azzi-jaami — the idol-maker in the house of the prince of
Ur, Patriarch Terah. Release this poor corpse, and let us give
you money for a decent burial."
The oflficer, himself none too intelligent, sat upon his horse
, .stupidly annoyed, thus to be interrupted in his of^cial duties. A
bit of human carrion, more or less, mattered little to him, but the
interruption of his regular official duties was so unusual that he
was quite at a loss how to proceed. Without replying, he rode
back towards the city a few paces and, as his eye caught the
figure of two well-known foreign merchants, he called out.
"Javanu ! here, this way. See, here are three wenches who
say they are from the Palace of Terah, and they are asking for
decent burial for this dirty slave, just dead in the market-place.
What say you ?"
The man a])pealed to came trotting up, wide-eyed with curi-
osity, and the moment his eyes were clapped upon the three
maidens, he shouted,
"Daughters of Azzi-jaami. what luck to meet ^■ou here in the
very outskirts of Ur — "
"What ho, merchant." cried the officer angrily, "I have no
time to listen to your wide-mouthed greetings to tliesc daughters
A PRINCE OF UR. . 331
of the house of Terah. Answer me my question, if you can. Are
they what they claim to be ?"
"Who but a stupid clown of a guard would fail to recog-
nize the pillars of poHshed ebony which grace the courts of my
great fritnd Terah's dwelbng? These are surely free-born
daughters of the tribe of Terah."
"But for the money." cried the officer rudely, "what money
have you? Quick, for the people press about, and the carrion
must be thrown under ground speedily or it will cause disease."
The girls each emptied her small store of -ready coins into the
hands of the rapacious oificer, but he still grumbled and cursed,
under his breath, for the two merchant travelers has passed on
down the road. The officer was about to order the cart to move
onward when a tall form pushed through the crowd now gathered
around the funeral procession, and Abram, with a little black
child trotting at his heels, walked quickly up to the group beside
the cart. The populace fell away in silent respect as the prince
approached the cart, and even the officer touched his helmet and
sprang from his horse to stand as the prince passed him.
"What is it, daughters of Azzi-jaami? Why do you linger
here?"
"See, my lord," and they drew the covering from the bloated
face of the murdered slave girl.
"Ah," and Abram groaned as he saw the face. "Who is
this?"
They told him. Without more words, he told the driver of
the cart to turn towards the upper end of the hills. He put
money into the hands of the officer and sent him forward to
purchase needed funeral supplies. He turned to the girls, and
asked them sternly,
"How has this thing come about? Can it be possible that
this is the poor slave Mardan slew this day?"
"It is the lord Mardan who hath wrought this wickedness,"
said Argob, the second daughter. "He was soon weary of the
sister of our mother, and sold her into slavery to a merchant of
Ninevah. It is only today that she returns, and behold !"
"Thou hast much to do. Prince Abram," said the officer who
had lingered near, "to answer for the crimes committed under thy
father's roof-tree. Mardan hath more arms than the Goddess
Mylitta and hath wasted more women than the God Merodach."
"Doth thy father know that you are thus abroad in the streets
of the city?" asked Abram, who knew the close guardianship put
upon these comely maidens by their jealous father.
"Nay, we have been led by the sorrow of our hearts rather
than the wisdom of our heads."
Abram said no more. But he walked slowly onward to the
far northern slgpes of this long sepulchral hill, and before fol-
332 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
lowing him, the three maidens stooped to the road and throwing
sand upon their heads, they cowered in the folds of their abays,
and followed Abram with the black baby at his heels, all three
of thein walking along with swaying bodies and uttering the shrill
minor wailing cries for the dead. The baby put up his arms for
Abram to carry him, for the quivering notes of that minor wail
now shrilled along a high nasal key or muttered in half-vocalized
words, then dropping to a Imv tone, still in weird minor sounds,
— chilled the baby's very soul, while it echoed down the crowded
roadways and all the passersby made way silently and respectfully
for the queerly assorted mourning party.
The officer dropped away from them as they walked onward,
but Abram led the strange procession with unchanged brows.
It was fully an hour later when they reached one of the
many little embalming shops close beside the better class of
scpulchers, and here Abram ordered the body cleansed and pre-
pared for speedy burial ; while outside, the three sisters sat upon
the hot pavements and wailed in true oriental fashion for
their deceased relative. The baby was their own half-brother,
but he would not venture near them while they were pouring forth
their minor chants and wild wailing cries, for he was frightened ;
so he kept close beside his master's heels, secure in that great pro-
tection which all helpless, hopeless things felt when Prince Abram
was near.
At length the body was ready. A dozen hired wallers had
joined the girls upon the sands, and the procession made its slow,
and now respectable way up to a fairly decent case or sepulcher —
th^ wallers howling dismally — wherein were chambers divided into
receptacles for the resjiectablc moneyed class of the city's dead.
And here the poor dead slave was placed, on a long ledge or shelf,
laid upon her rig-ht side, and Adah, the eldest daughter was care-
ful to place a large copper bowl of dates beside the body, and
over its rim she drew the hand of the dead woman as if about to
eat of the fruit in the bowl. With a last look of reverential fare-
well, the party left the sepulchre, and the mouth of the cave was
sealed for a season.
The three black maidens were very sad and silent as they
emerged from the place of the dead. Abram asked them if they
would let him send them in to the city on the backs of hired asses ;
but all three refused. Each was very glad thus to be released from
their recent sad occupation — and all three were filled with a
secret relief thus to be outside of their cramped and guarded
quarters. Brought but recently to the palace of Terah frr.m the
vine-clad hills of the Accadian mountains, the girls were some-
what weary of the semi-concealment insisted upon by their strict
father, and all were glad to w^ander slowly homeward in tlie cool-
ing dusk of the evening. Therefore, .\bram left them to stroll
A PRINCE OF UR. 333
quietly along- as they would to the palace walls ; for he was well
aware that the Assyrian customs were widely lenient in matter of
freedom for women in civil and domestic life, although his own
father and the master-workman, Azzi-jaami, were still fain to
cling to the older customs of the patriarchal forefathers, which
gave the women of the household far less freedom.
Abram's mind was racked with the distressing scenes he had
just witnessed, the murder, the burial, and the utter lack of human
sympathy which he saw everywhere about him, for both life and
for death. To Abram's keenly philosophical mind this frivolity of
purpose, this cheap and illusory measure of life's deepest problems,
was one of the most painful forecasts for the future of his beloved
and beautiful native land.
He walked rapidly away from the fretted environs of the city,
and on along down the groves of acacia and palms, with the full-
bearing date-trees on every side, until he reached the river banks.
It was in the latter part of the month of May, and the scene upon
which his eyes rested would have delighted a far less poetic and
artistic soul than was that of the prince of Ur. The great river
Euphrates was at its flood. But instead of allowing its heavy
waters to cover the surrounding lands with unchecked wasting
destruction, huge channels, canals and river dykes flowed through
their sluices in regular and appointed fashion. Many of the
canals had been made possible by the skillful advice of Abram's
forefathers and the latest and greatest canal of them all was that
which parted his father's mammoth plantation into a thousand
fertile sections. Thus were the quickening channels of moisture led
to the roots of every tree and plant, for not many weeks hence, the
seeds thus moistened would spring forth into fully matured wheat-
heads, and the fields of grain would smile across the face of the
landscape for miles inland from the shores of this life-giving river.
Nothing could exceed the beauty and luxury of this riverside and
its now verdant borders. Bee-eaters, kingfishers, herons, pigeons,
hawks, and other birds, in all their bright and varied plumage,
flew about the tree tops, uttering their several cries; and none
seemed to notice the presence of this lonely wanderer along the
river-banks. The great city and its noise and glamor were far
away. Here was the quiet peace of the tropical evening. The
groves of date-palms among which he wandered would soon show
their clusters of gold and amber under the glowing green of dusky
leaves. Abram raised his eye as he thought of the luxury with
which he was surrounded. Here was his country's rarest pro-
duct— the luxurious date-palm — and he himself stood in the midst
of his father's magnificent groves which were famed from Nine-
vah to Babylon. These amber fruit-clusters were his father's
gold mines. For beside the food which they furnished to his
father's households, thev served as noble merchandise to the neigh-
334 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
boring- nations ; from tree trunk to leaf ; the very kernels, when
broken up were fed to his father's goats. An incision in the stems
yielded a drink which took the place of wine to very many of the
Chaldeans. The crowns which grew from the tops of the trees
were boiled for food, as well as the inner fiber and piths. Mats
and baskets were made from the leaves, while the stems furnished
the pillars, roofing and furniture of many palaces ; exquisite pieces
of furniture were sent, v^dien so fashioned, as far as Babylon, be-
cause of their artistic workmanship.
The whole landscape about him was amazingly fertile and all
was highly cultivated. Shady with palms and acacias, it was also
rich in pomegranates, and golden with the finest wheat-fields.
Millet and sesame grew to a fabulous height, and all kinds of
grain plants produced two and even three hundred fold. Such
was the enchanted land from which Abram feared in his inmost
soul he must shortly flee, and set out as a wanderer and a pilgrim.
Wearied by his long walk, Abram drew near one of the
numerous boat-houses on the plantation. The servants in charge
sprang intsantly forward as soon as Abram's form emerged from
the forest path.
"What is thy pleasure, O my lord ?" asked one as he bowed
low before the prince. Abram had been carrying the sleeping babe
in his powerful, young, arms, but now, he placed his charge in
the arms of the servant and bade him prepare a boat for a short
row down the river. The breeze coming up from the gulf would
fan his brows and the ride would quiet his thoughts.
The servants filled the boat with richly embroidered cushions,
and into these Abram laid the baby with great care. He leaned
back in the bow of the slight vessel and just as they were about to
>tart, another boat shot into view around the bend of the river.
.\n elegant boat richly garnished was that with pale purple
cushions, and red silken sails gleamed in the dusk of the eve-
ning's glow. On the low couch-like seat within, fanned by two
nude female slaves and leaning in patr,ician ennui "upon the
opalescent colorings of his downy nest, lay the bloated and yet
elegantly formed head and face of the Prince Mardan.
"What ho, Abram," cried he, his voice dulcet sweet with
indolent pleasure, "it is mine own evening airing time that I am
taking. Step, I pray thee, into mine own boat, and let my slaves
row thee and me together, I would fain have converse with thee."
Abram, always quick to accord forgiveness when it was asked
or implied, looked gravely, yet with not unkind eyes, into the
smooth face and the bold eyes of his distant kinsman. But he
answered firmly.
"Nay, Mardan. Thy luxurious appointments do not accord
with my more simple tastes. Let our boats slip along side by side.
A PRINCE Of UR. 335
Or come beside me here. Then, if thou hast aught to say to me,
it can well be communicated.
Mardan, courtier that he was, instantly sprang from his own
boat, and with graceful gestures, he alighted deftly on his cousin's
boat, while he ofifered also his own slave to fan the sleeping brows
of the black baby resting on Abram's more meager cushions.
As the boat shot swiftly but quietly into the midwaters of the
river, propelled by the skillful oarmen on the sides, Mardan looked
up casually into the face of his companion sitting upright among
the cushions. Abram never lolled.
"Abram," he said, 'T have been wanting to see you all this
day. You know that thy father Terah has given much of the
conduct of his affairs into my hands, while he is out with my
father Nimrod's armies. I have sought to branch out in every di-
rection to improve his properties. You know how I have traveled
from Ninevah to Babylon to secure the richest merchandise, the
rarest stuffs, and constantly to negotiate sale for our profit."
Abram was quite aware also of the imminent danger involved
to his father's property by reason of some of the wild speculations
of this same princelet, but he was not given to much speech. So he
merely sat a little straighter on the cushioned seat as if to listen
with all seriousness to what Mardan might have to say.
"You will recall that my own father Nimrod and I were on
the very point of negotiating a sale of this very plantation with
thy father, which would bring thy grandfather Terah many chests
of golden treasures."
"I have often wondered what possible use there would be in
such a sale, Mardan," replied Abram gravely. "Where could we
go to better ourselves ? And what is the use of gold and silver,
when there are no homes, no plantations, no fields or farms? I
have also wondered why both my kinsman Harran and grand-
father Terah could contemplate such a sacrifice."
Mardan's brows flushed in the fading sunlight.
"Why, Abram, how foolishly you talk. What can you, a
philosopher, an astronomer, an irrigationist, a poet, a student
know of money transactions? Leave such things to other and
more worldly-wise heads." Mardan turned away as if looking
over the vast spires and towers of the city behind them in soft
contemplation. "No, "-he resumed, "I have found that thy father
Terah will refuse to complete that sale. But when it was in con-
templation, therfe were bills of sale made out in my favor, and
on these bills usury was chargeable to the amount of several
measures of gold. I have still those usury tables in my pos-
session. And in thinking the matter over, it has seemed nothing
but right that I should divide up my father's, my own and your
portion into thirds, you receiving one-third, my father one-third,
and myself one-third."
(to be continued.)
EDITORIAL
Entered as second class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman , General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Misi Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Misi Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla V. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Niblcy Miss Sarah Eddington
Irs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor Susa Young Gates
Business Manager Janbtti A. Hyd>
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
> Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II. JULY, 1915. No. 7.
DESTRUCTION UPON THE WATERS
The In a revelation, given to the Prophet Joseph
Prophecy. Smith, August 12, 1831, and found in Section
61 in the Doctrine and Covenants, the Lord pro-
nounces this solemn prophecy:
"Behold, I, the Lord, in the beginning blessed the waters,
but in the last days, by the mouth of by servant, John, I cursed
the waters ;
"Wherefore, the days will come that no flesh shall be safe
upon the waters.
"And it shall be said in days to come that none is able to
go up to the land of Zion upon the waters, but he that is up-
right in heart.
"And, as I, the Lord, in the beginning ciirsed the land,
even so in the last days have I blessed it, in its time, for the
use of my saints, that they may partake the fatness thereof.
"And now I give unto you a commandment that wbat I
say unto one I say unto all, that you shall forewarn your
brethren concerning these waters, that they come not in
journeying upon them, lest their faith fail and they are caught
in her snares;
EDITORIAL. 337
"I, the Lord have decreed, and the destroyer rideth upon
the face thereof, and I revoke not the decrees."
How incomprehensible that forecast was to the handful
of Saints who listened to the Prophet's inspired voice at that
little meeting- on the banks of the Missouri. How impossible
of fulfilment it appeared to the scoffer and the atheist. How
far-off and visionary it seemed, then, and for years after, to
many — nay, to most, who read this remarkable revelation. And
yet, we live today under conditions that make its absolute ful-
filment seem natural and simple.
Only the The dread picture cast before the mind in these
Upright passages is relieved by the promise that the up-
may reach right in heart shall be able to reach the land of
the Land of Zion. All this land of ours, this beautiful Amer-
Zion. ica, is Zion. And the safety of ships which carry
"Mormon" missionaries has passed into a familiar
proverb, in sea-faring circles. That there have been one or
two losses and deaths of our saints upon the waters can be
traced in every instance to the failure of those who were lost
to follow counsel. These exceptions only make the rule the
stronger.
The Once more the scoffing world is met by the chal-
Prophet lenge of events, which prove beyond the possi-
Vindicated. bility of a doubt that the Prophet Joseph Smith
spoke by the gift and power of God. The Lord —
after warning and forewarning* the world — is now permitting
the angels of fulfilment to sweep over the waters with the
besom of destruction the engines thereof conceived and shaped
by men, and used under the inspiration of hate and war.
Be ye not Those who stand in holy places shall not be
moved. moved. For the end is not yet. There is work
for us to do, sisters, friends. Work — for the liv-
ing, to feed the hungry, clothe the naked, to minister to the
broken-hearted. Work for the dead — to redeem our kindred
who have been waiting in their prison houses; to study the
scriptures, to enlarge our understandings, to prepare ourselves
for the end here, and for the glorious hereafter. Let us be up
and doing.
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Second Week.
Lesson ITT — Summer Hygiene Lesson.
CARE of children.
Never in the history of the world has so much attention been
given to the care and training of children as at the present time,
and never were human efiforts better bestowed. Marked increase
in the length of life and better health are among the results : That,
of course, should imply that greater happiness will come to the
human family and increased efficiency for carrying on the good
work of the world.
But though much has been accomplished in the real work of
enlightening and training people in general, there is yet much to be
done.
Many beautiful children have had their lives marred in the be-
ginning, even though it might be sometimes by circumstances over
which parents or guardians had no control. Much illness an<l
many accidents, however, may be averted by fore-knowledge and
wise care : And so the little one may have his life well begun and
happily influ-enced by escaping many of the unhappy experiences
so apt to occur in childhood.
The wise physician, as well as the thoughtful mother or care-
ful nurse, does everything possible to prevent sickness, and in
case of epidemics of disease, to limit the contagion as much as
possible. Recent years have shown wonderful advancement in
medical knowledge and in surgical skill ; but in no direction has
greater gain been manifest than in the prevention of disease.
Moreover, the knowledge is being spread earnestly and in-
dustriously to the remotest corners of civilization. Not only do
profssional people — the men and women who are physicians and
GUIDE LESSONS. 339
nurses — interest themselves in this matter, but also philanthropic
people who are not trained professionally, but who perhaps by
study, association, or experience have gained useful knowledge
which they are glad to impart.
Institutes or schools for research work have been founded
by some of those men of wealth who at heart are humanitarians.
The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, in New York
City, was established for the complete investigation of the nature
and causes of human disease and methods of its prevention and
treatment. Also to establish a department of animal pathology
to improve the health of poultry, cattle, and other farm animals.
These institutions cost money, Mr. John D. Rockefeller having
given $12,500,000. exclusion of the building and the grounds.
"Some of the practical achievements of this institute are the
discovery of the serum treatment of epidemic meningitis ; the dis-
covery of the cause and mode of infection of infantile paralysis ;
the surgery of blood vessels, through which transfusion of blood
has become a daily life-saving expedient ; the safer methods of
administering anaesthetics, and the cultivation of the parasite of
rabies."
With the increased knowledge of childhood's needs, and the
solicitous care accorded the infant, it is no wonder that the death
rate among children has so greatly decreased.
A few statistics will readily show the great difference between
the present death rate and that of past times. Reliable statistics
mav be obtained from recent hooks, pamphlets, or magazine
articles, of which so many are now published.
Public talks on the care of children, given bv reliable physi-
cians and nurses, are very helpful and much to be recommended.
However, there are general facts, easily learned, with which
every mother should be familiar, and which may safely be put
into practice.
First, every one should realize that the tenderest age in the
life of the child, and in some respects, the most important time, is
the first two years.
An authority on diseases of children, makes the statement,
that "functional derangements and organic disease are more com-
mon, and the mortality greater between the ages of six months
and two years, than at any other period of childhood."
Heredity may have much to do with the ill health of a child,
but strong hereditary tendencies may be overcome by intelligent
feeding, healthful surroundings, and careful training.
With this in view, stations have been established in most large
cities, where pure milk is supplied to babies who are in need and
instructions as to feeding. Sanitary conditions are looked after
by boards of health. The results are that many precious bab\
lives are saved.
340 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Greatest care should be taken to maintain or establish good
health, that the so-called diseases of childhood may not have fatal
results or harmful effects.
It often happens that children of high-grade, mental, and
nervous temperament seem peculiarly susceptible to disease, and
require tenderest care.
The diseases common to childhood, to be dreaded, are measles,
whooping-cough, and scarlet fever. The last is most to be feared,
because it is so highly and subtly contagious, and the occasional
effects so direful. Many splendid children have lost their sight
and their hearing, and thus have become deaf mutes, as a result
of scarlet fever. Any of the diseases mentioned, when they do not
prove fatal, may leave bad results that hamper the victim through
life.
The wisdom of quarantine regulations is manifest, and any
member of the community should be heart and soul in aiding the
enforcement of the quarantine rules. Where children have been
exposed to contagion, their general health should be guarded more
carefully than ever, and when symptoms of serious illness appear,
there is wisdom in calling a physician early.
QUESTIONS.
What would be some of the results of the human family of
increased health and lengthened life?
Name some of the advantages of passing through childhood
in health.
How may accidents or illness be averted?
What is one of the main objects of the wise physician, mother,
or- nurse?
Name some of the ways in which medical science has ad-
vanced?
How is knowledge of health principles extended ?
Tell what you can about the Rockefeller Institute?
What would you say about public health talks?
What is the tenderest age in child life?
What about heredity in children?
Of what benefit are milk stations?
Have you any in your district?
Do you need any?
Name some childhood diseases Hkelv to leave l)ad results.
Can anything be done to prevent?
What do you think about quarantine regulations?
What about giving early treatment in sickness?
GUIDE LESSONS. 341
Lesson IV— A Few Facts Every Mother Should Know.
How to keep the baby well nourished, but not permit over-
feeding should te understood by every mother.
Over-feeding or improper food bring on intestinal troubles
more readily than any other causes.
When intestinal sickness occurs, the food supply should be
immediately stopped until the trouble is better. Sterile water may
be freely given— cold, unless there is nausea (vomituig), and m
that case, the water should be given hot.
A flannel bandage wrapped around the abdomen is beneficial
in bowel trouble, because it helps to keep the skin at an even
temperature.
Babies should be kept clean and sweet— it seems wrong to
the infant to have it otherwise.
It is a blessing to the mother of today that clothing— simple
and plain, and planned for comfort— is the correct thing.
The temperature of the child should be equable, avoiding
extremes of heat or cold — both are injurious.
It is a good rule to keep the feet warm and the head cool.
When babies are nursed regularly, there is little danger of
colic or bowel trouble. Aftre six months babies rarely need night
nursing. .
Do not let the babies be exposed to draughts. It is very
careless and even reprehensible to take baby from his warm bed
and carry him rapidly through cooler air, without protection from
air currents. The sudden change has been known to bring on
serious lung trouble. Nothing is better for baby than plenty of
fresh air, summer and winter, but the child should be properly
dressed for the prevailing temperature.
Children's eyes should be protected from glaring lights,
either artificial or natural. We all have seen babies with nothing
but tiny bonnets or caps on their heads, facing strong sunlight,
with no protection whatever for the eyes.
In very first baths, a baby should be handled by a skilled
nurse, and the water should be of the right temperature. Infants
have been known to receive a shock in some manner that gives
them an unconquerable aversion to bathing.
While it is the duty of the mother to keep her baby clean,
even so good a thing as bathing may be overdone. There are
times when a sleep would be better than a bath, and the mother
needs wisdom to decide.
Above all things, children should be protected from nervous
shock. Sudden or loud noises, rough handling or tossing, being
kept awake, when they should be sleeping, all these things tend
to lower the vitality and harm the nervous system and the injury
might be permanent.
342 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
When children have fever, it is soothing, comforting, and
cooHng to sponge them with soft cloths, wrung out of cool or
tepid water. Bathing the wrists or wrapping them in a wet, cool,
cloth, quickly reduces the temperature, because on the wrists
there are arteries so near the surface.
In case of accident where there are severe bruises or broken
bones, wring cloths out of water as hot as the hands can bear,
and lay over the injury, while awaiting the arrival of the physi-
cian. That treatment allays pain and reduces swelling.
If, in the same way, a child should get cut, and the blood
comes out in spurts instead of a steady flow, it shows that an
artery has been cut. Pressure should immediately be placed be-
tween the injury and the heart, and a very tight bandage applied
until skilled attention can be given. It may save a hfe by keep-
ing one from bleeding to death.
A mother who has become overheated through overwork or
fast walking should take a good drink of water before nursing her
babe. »
QUESTIONS.
What can you say about the feeding and overfeeding of
babies ?
What about food and also about water in cases of intestinal
trouble ?
What about changing temperatures for baby?
What about fresh air for baby?
What about caring for babies' eyes?
What about babies' baths ?
Do children sometimes needlessly receive permanent injuries
to their nervous systems ? How ?
How may children be soothed in fever?
What w^ould you do in case of bruises or broken bones ?
What would you do if an artery were cut?
Elizabeth S. Wilcox.
An arrangement which makes it possible to clean the outside
of upper-story windows without serious inconvenience or danger,
conists of a metal grip which holds an absorbent cloth at the end
of a handle and on its top side carries a rubber squeegee.
Notes from the Field.
President Joseph F. Smith, and wife, Counselor Jiihna L.
Smith and Bishop Nibley and wife, Rebecca Niebaur Nibley, left
this city five weeks ago, to visit Hawaii. They met Senator Smoot
and wife in Honolulu. These sisters all visited with the Relief So-
ciety in Honolulu, Laie and Waikai. The Hawaiian sisters in this
distant country are working hard in their regular Relief Society
duties. They are delighted with our new Magazine, and as one
result, they have put their gardening lessons to such good ac-
count, that the Primary and Relief Society have planted out lovely
and fragrant beds of brilliant tropical flowers around the Mis-
sion House. The lawn is dotted with these garden plats. Sister
Smith made a special point of encouraging the sisters to hunt out
their genealogies, each trying to secure the largest list of names
from month to month. While there. Elder Peter Kaealikaihonua
died, and was robed in Elder Fernandez's temple suit for burial.
The sisters felt impressed to replace that burial suit, while they
were there, and singularly enough, the day after they left, Elder
Fernandez himself died.
When the President's party arrived at Portland, on their
return journey, they found Sisters Emma A. Empy and Janette
A. Hyde there. All remained for Stake and Relief Society Con-
ference, and to dedicate the Portland Meetinghouse, and have
just returned in excellent health and spirits. Welcome home.
R. S. Nurse and Obstetric School.
We are happy to announce that the General Board will con-
tinue the regular Nurse School, combining with it a thorough
course in Obstetrics. We are anxious to bring this important
branch of our Relief Society service up to the highest standard
of efficiency, so that our young mothers everywhere can feel to
place themselves safely and securely in the hands of our gradu-
ated obstetricians. This seems to be the natural and pleasing-
custom of the ancient peoples, and it is also the solution of one
phase of the heavy expense attendant on i)arenthood, in this luxur-
ious age. The school will open in September. We would like
to encourage each ward president to send at least one candidate
to take this course. Particulars will l)c furnished on application
to tile G':neral Secretary.
Don'tThrowtheOld Mesh Bag Away
No matter how badly it is
worn we can put it in shape
i just as good as new. Send
3 it in we give you the cost of
repairs first.
McCONAHAY
The JEWELER
64 MAIN STREET
SALT LAKE CITY
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Addrcis JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Waiatch 207
67 E. South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
HOME OFFICE:
VERMONT BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
Questions for the September
art lesson will appear in our
August number.
All active members and art super-
visors should send to us for the
art reference book
Devotees and
Their Shrines
$1.25 POSTPAID
THE HOME PIANO
OF AMERICA
Attractive in case design — beautiful in finish
— pure and sweet, rich and full in tone — the
Kohler & Campbell piano at once appeals
to the most exacting musician. 1000 homes
a month open their doors to receive one of
these virorld-wide favorites. Let YOUR
home open its doors for one this month.
"OLDER THAN THE STATE OF UTAH'
rr
City Bank Connections
Means Much to Out-
of-Town People
Most out-of-town people
have city transactions. The
services of a bank are ofttimes
needed. Establish relations
with this bank and be pre-
pared. Four per cent interest
paid on savings deposits. Next
time you are in town come in
and see us. We want to know
you.
''The Bank with a
Personality"
Merchants Bank
Capital, $250,000. Member of
Salt Lake Clearing House.
John Pingree, Prest. ; Chas. E.
Kaiser, V. P.; A. H. Peabody,
Cashier. Cor. Main and 3rd
So., Salt Lake City, Utah.
=%
\=
-J
the!
utah state
national
t BANK
SALT i-AKE CITY
llTAH
IT is the purpose
of this Bank at
all times to render
helpful service and
make the handling
of your banking
business satisfactory and pleasant.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK
Your Account is Cordially Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH, Pre..
"Mutual Made"
BUTTERS
Two brands: "Blanchard" and
"Four-in-One. They're as su-
perior to the "usual run" of but-
ters as cream is to milk. You'll
bear us out in this when you
commence using them,
H
MUTUAL CREAMERY
COMPANY
11 Creameries in 7 States.
Authorized Capital, $3,000,000.
Annual Butter Output, 8,000,000
pounds
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
tive and moderate-priced articles
for rent or purchase, for use in
the Temple, should apply to
Relief Society Headquarters,
Room 29, Bishop's Bldg.
SUMMER EXCURSIONS VIA
The following rates apply from Salt Lake City
EAST WEST
^^
Denver . .$22.50
Colorado Springs 22.50
Omaha 40.00
Kansas City 40.00
St. Louis 51.20
Memphis 59.85
Chicag-o 56.50
Minneapolis 53.85
Correspondingly low rates to many
other points.
SALE DATES — May 15, 19, 22, 26,
29; June 2, 5, 9, 12, 16, 19, 23, 26 and
30; July 7, 14, 21, 28; August 4, 11, 18,
25; September 1, 8, 15.
LIMIT — October 31.
STOPOVERS
DIVERSE ROUTES
Portland $37.00
Seattle 44.50
Tacoma 42.80
San Francisco, via Ogden 35.00
do. one way via Los
Angeles 35.00
do. one way via Port-
land 53.50
Los Angeles, via So. Pacific... 40.00
do. one way via Salt
Lake Route . . . 35.00
do. one way via Port-
land 62.50
Side trip rate Los Angeles to San
Diego and return via rail $5.00, and
via steamer $4.00, in connection with
circuit tour tickets.
Tickets on sale daily to November
30, 1915, inclusive.
LIMIT, three months from date of
sale, but not to exceed December 31,
1915.
NORTH
Excursions to northern Utah and
Idaho points, May 22: June 5, 19;
July 2, 3, 17, 23, 24, 31; August 14, 28;
September 11, 25.
Proportionately low rates from other O. S. L. stations. See agents.
CITY TICKET OFFICE. HOTEL UTAH
UTAH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
Mothers, educate your daughters — and sons — to become invaluable
assets to the State and to the Nation.
Girls, prepare yourselves for ideal wives and mothers, by securing
an education in Housekeeping and Home-making at The Agricultural
College of the State of Utah.
Vol. II
AUGUST, 1915
No. 8
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
Summer Health Number
>^
K. -
U4
•—I
U
^^
k
-I
X
"--1 >— 1
^^ ^
u U T
»~- ►--I i-i
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
ROOM 29. BISHOPS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
$1.00 a Year— Single Copy 10c
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO.
NEWS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY
OUR DRUG STORE IS COMPLETE
PRICES RIGHT
We Solicit Your Patronage Prompt Attention to Mail Orders
TRY OUR QUICK LUNCH— IT'S DELICIOUS
FRESH FLOWERS DAILY
Marion Banks
FINE MILLINERY
at reasonable Prices
GOODWIN CORSETS
CHARLTON'S
Exclusive and correct styles in
Women's Wear. Suits in Newest
Cloth and Silk Materials, Latest
Modes in Gowns and Blouses.
This ad. will redeem 1 0 per cent, on purchases at regular price.
242 SOUTH MAIN STREET
When WE Make Your Por-
traits, YOU get the Correct
Style, Excellence and
Satisfaction
The Thomas
Studio
Phone Was. 3491 44MainSt.
Two Books that Every L. D.
S. Family Should Have
The L. D. S. Family and Individ-
ual Record, approved by the Church
Authorities, in which to enter the
most important events and dates in
the histories of families and individ-
uals. Price $L 25 postpaid.
Family Record of Temple Work
for the Dead. $1.25 and upward.
Write for Sample Pages, Free
Deseret News Book Store
PLAN YOUR GARDEN NOW
You will find our Seed and Nursery Guide Book the most valuable assist-
ant in telling you just what is worth while to plant in this climate.
This book contains 112 pages fully illustrated just brimful of the
information needed by every planter of Seeds, Plants, Shrubs, Roses and
Trees. By securing it you will get the benefit of the thousands of ex-
periments carried on at our Centerville Trials Grounds, and this alone
is worth Dollars. You are entitled to a free copy of this valuable book.
Mention this paper and write for it today.
PORTER-WALTON CO.
Seed and Nursery Specialists for U. S. A.
SALT LAKE
The Relief Society Magazine
Owned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of thr
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
AUGUST, 1915
Ye Ancient and Honorable Order of [Midwifery 345
"Mormon" Women Physicians 351
The Conversion of Brother Oldtim^r Lucy [May Green 357
Clothing for Women The Two Sarahs 360
In the Kitchen Laborator)- Hazel Love Dunford 362
Home Department Janette A. Hyde 364-
A Prince of Ur Homespun 365
Current Topics 3^1
Notes from the Field ^^^
If It Could Be Bertha A. Kleinman 374
Editorial : Death 1 lath I ler X'ictories i7?
Guide Lessons -^^ ^
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., Vermoiit Building, Salt Lake City.
CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DAYNES-BEEBE MUSIC CO., 45 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 55 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS. Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 242
South Main, Salt Lake City.
MERCHANTS' BANK, Third Scuth and Main St., Salt Lake City.
MUTUAL CHEAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street,
Salt Lake City.
THOMAS, Photographer.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Lake City.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City.
ANNOUNCEMENT
THE COMMITTEE OF RELIEF SOCIETY SCHOOL OF OB-
STETRICS AND NURSING AND PUBLIC HEALTH WORK is
pleased to announce the opening of the TWELFTH RELIEF SOCIETY
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING on Monday, September
20th, 1915, under the direction of the General Board of Relief Society.
School term eight months.
Course A — Entrance fee for the course in Obstetrics, which includes
nursing and invalid cooking — $50.00.
Course B — Entrance fee for course in Nursing, which includes invalid
cooking— $25.00.
Course C — xA.t intervals during the school year, lectures on Public
Health, Prevention and Treatment of Diseases, etc., will be given by emi-
nent physicians, surgeons, and specialists. No charge.
Course D — A class in Invalid Cooking will be conducted by experts;
no extra charge for students taking other courses.
Instructor, DR. MARGARET C. ROBERTS.
Dr. Roberts has successfully conducted our School of Nurses nine
school years, graduating over 300 Relief Society nurses. The work done
by these ministering angels furnishes an ideal of true Relief Society ser-
vice.
Dr Roberts has for over 20 years, conducted private classes in ob-
stetrics, but this year, we are gratified to announce the class in Obstetrics
will be under our own supervision. Dr. Roberts' graduates in Obstretrics
have invariably passed successful examinations before the Utah State
Medical Board. For further information, write to the Secretary of the
Committee, Elizabeth S. Wilcox, Relief Society Headquarters, Bishop's
Building, Salt Lake City.
PRICILLA P. JENNINGS, Chairman.
Established I860 Incorporated 1906
S. M. TAYLOR & CO.
UNDERTAKERS AND
EMBALMERS
SUCCESSORS TO
JOSEPH E. TAYLOR
The Pioneer Undertaker of the Weit
53 yean in one location
251-253-255-257 EAST FIRST SOUTH ST.
SALT LAKE CITY. UTAH
EFFICIENT SERVICE
MODERN METHODS COMPLETE EQUIPMENT
DR. ELVIRA SBaj?;;^
JENNIE SCHOIFIELD
Representative Women Physicians (See pag-e 351).
ZixA D. Young.
Zion's Beloved Nurse and Midwife.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. AUGUST, 1915. No. 8.
Ye Ancient and Honorable Order of
Midwifery.
As a profession, midwifery is as old as the world. Always
and ever until the last century have women presided as high priest-
esses in the chamber of birth. Their skill, their resourcefulness,
their tact, their tender touch, all these things, together with their
natural cleanliness of mind and body, fit them to assist the mother,
and to cleanse and prepare the child for its entrance into the world.
Not until the advent of surgery, and the further discovery of anaes-
thetics, and that still more wonderful re-discovery of the necessity
of excessive cleanliness, in this profession, were men even allowed
in the chamber. The wonderfully strict regulations which are re-
corded by ]\Ioses in Leviticus, convince us that he provided in-
spired hygienic laws for the midwives among his people. The
remnants of these traditionary laws, habits and customs are found
today amongst the orientals and the Indians who were upon this
continent and who are the children of Israel. All these traditions
demonstrate this fact : that bathing, cleanliness and scrupulous
care are the principles that ISIoses i.nd the Hebrews taught and
practiced, and these ctrtainly were observed by many of his
descendants.
In the year 1663, in the dissolute country of France, under
the reign of the dissolute King Louis, when one of the royal
mistresses was about to be put to bed with a child, she objected to
the royal midwife attending her, as she wished it kept secret, so
the royal physician. Dr. Jules Clement, was called in, and his
labors were successful. He was given the title, thereafter, of
Royal Accoucher.
Following closely upon this were the discoveries of surgery
connected with obstetrics. Surgical cases, thereafter, became natur-
ally a part of the practice of men physicians, as they were the only
surgeons. Gradually the study and practice of surgical obstetrics
346 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
was taken over by men ; and yet not until the most recent time,
have men attempted to usurp all ordinary phases of midwifery,
and turn women entirely out from their ancient profession.
Early in the 18th century, a German, named Semmelweiss,
taught n^edicos the value of aseptic cleanliness. Discovery was
soon made that the dreaded puerpural fever was carried by mid-
wives — by woman to woman, through microbes, and after aseptic
cleansing became popular, men added that very old-fashioned but
newly discovered truth to the necessity for surgical practice, in
difficult cases of child birth, and they began to practice and study
the science of midwifery or obstetrics entirely.
It was Sir James Young Simpson who, in 1847, first taught
the value of ancxsthetics, as applied to obstetrics. He introduced
ether and then chloroform into the birth chamber, and thereafter
the practice of using anaesthetics was established. The pangs of
child-birth were so modified and lessened with this practice, that
it has become more popular each year, whether for good or ill.
We have a graduate who studied under Sir James Young
Simpson — Grandma Hardy, whose sketch is given in this number —
and the certificate signed with his name is in this state. The free use
of anaesthetics h^s become so popular, that it is now being used in
some parts of Germany to induce what is called the "Twilight
Sleep," that is, to deaden the pain before and after child-birth, so
that the woman is unconscious of what she is passing through.
This unsafe experiment is condemned by many physicians.
For unnumbered years, the regulation and supervision of the prac-
tice of midwifery was not made a subject of law. Not until well
on in the 19th centurv was there any regulation or supervision by
the European countries in regard to the practice of obstetrics and
midwifery. Tn the 17th century, in France and Germany, to-
wards the close of that century, there were several schools for
training midwives ; both these trained women mostly in the art of
nursing, and simple midwifery without giving them much in regard
to the science of surgery.
Tn France, there were two classes taught, or two grades, com-
prising a two years' course ; but even then, women were forbidden
to use instruments. In Germany, women were allowed full sway
under the law, but the law provided the district in which they
should practice.
In Russia, there were senior and junior midwives. In Eng-
land, there was no regulation, by law, until 1902.
In our own state, the practice of midwifery was carried on
by the whole-souled women who had taken it up in their own
country, or who, on arriving here, were taught by their sympa-
THE ORDER OF MIDWIFERY. 347
thies and skill to begin the profession, which afterwards demanded
so much of their time, strength and their home-life. There is no
record of the lives and labors of this devoted band of women
among this people. This little article is written simply as a testi-
monial to their names. We have been able to gather a few facts
about some of this famous band of women, and yet, we wish it
could have been very much more. Who can describe the patience,
the loving tenderness, the indomitable faith, the carefulness, the
skill, and the study necessary to prepare these women for their
profession. We give here the names, and a few facts concerning
one or two of this famous and notable company of women, and
make this a little testimonial to their lives, labors, sacrifice and
devotion. Would that we possessed more of the same type of
women amongst us today. All honor to their memory, may their
lives on the other side be as beautiful, as fruitful, and as glorious
as they have been here.
ZINA D. YOUNG.
Chief among the beautiful and refined women who have
blessed the early homes of this people, "Aunt" Zina D. Young
was the most famous and the best beloved. She served without
money most of the women whom she delivered. If they gave her
a gift of a dollar she was grateful; but far more she prized the
moist eye of gratitude, the tender hand-clasp of love, and the
whispered word of sympathy. She assisted most of the Lion House
mothers and nursed, manv of their sick children. She studied in
the pioneer nurse-class of 1849 taught by Dr. Willard Richards,
and well-named the "Council of Health." Think of those early
men and women instituting progressive movements like that, that
are even now accounted as extremely modern and up-to-date !
"Aunt" Zina studied again with Dr. Mary Barker in the early
seventies, and taught a nursing class in the old Exponent Ofihce.
She went about, night and day, never sparing herself, delivering
women, nursing the sick, robing the dead for their last resting-
place, and almost to the last years of her long life she was ready
to administer the healing ordinance used by our sisters, both within
and without the Temple. She was a true friend to all women, and
all women loved her.
PRESCENDIA T.. KIMBALL.
Older sister to Aunt Zina. Sister Prescendia Kimball was also
a midwife in the early pioneer days. She was a magnificent wo-
man, in appearance, stately, gracious and proportioned on heroic
lines. She was a tower of strength in a sick room, and her very
348 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
])resence inspired courage and faith. She, too, went about min-
istering to the sick and delivering mothers. She was a remarkable
woman in every way.
Among the locally famous and beloved nurses and midwives
we would name : Susannah Liptrot Richards, who was gradu-
ated in English nurse-schools, and who assisted her husband. Dr.
Willard Richards, both in his teaching and practice. "Aunt" Patty
Sessions was perhaps the oldest and best known of them all. She
delivered over one thousand women, and she was set apart in Nau-
voo by the Prophet Joseph Smith himself for this work. Diantha
Morley Billings was another famous Nauvoo and pioneer nurse
and midwife who was also set apart by the Prophet for this work;
"Mother" Ang-el, the mother of Sister Mary Ann Angel Young,
Sister Hyde, wife of Heman Hyde, Sister Katherine Wilson. Sis-
ter Rawson, Sister Dicey Perkins, who moved to St. George, Sister
Fielding, Sister Latham, Sister Ann Booth, a wonderful healer
from East India, Sister Saunders and Margaret Harrington, both
trained in Cumberland, England, Sister Chandler, Sister Janette
Taylor, trained in Scotland ; Sister Ducanson. Among the later
ones were the two splendid sisters, and wives of President Joseph
F. Smith, Julina L. and Edna L. Smith, Sister Higbee, and others
just as devoted, just as brave and just as beloved, whose names we
do not have.
GRANDMA HARDIE.
"Grandma Hardie," as she was affectionately known, was
born in the City of Leith, Scotland, April 10, 1810. She married
February 10, 1829, at Dedford near London to John Hardie, and
bv him she liad nine children. She lost her husband on December
21, 1847. She joined the "Mormon" Church about 1845. and, with
five children, came to Utah, or rather left for LHah, March 23.
1856. She walked across the plains with the famous "Handcart
Company," the captain of her company being Captain Daniel
McArthur.
They arrived in Salt Lake City, September 27, 1856. Before
leaving her native land, she had entered the University of Edin-
burgh. stucK'iiig obstetrics, and graduated under Sir James Y.
Simpson. This famous physician, whose name is a household word
in all the medical circles of Europe, was one of the pioneers of
obstetrics ; and it was he who first demonstrated the use of ether
and chloroform in Europe. He was knighted bv Queen Victoria, in
recognition of his service to mankind.
The dii^loma of .Sister Hardy is still in existence, and is signed
by this famous physician.
On reaching Salt Lake Citv. Sister Hardie became, at once.
THE ORDER OE MIDIVIEERY.
34Q
one of the most popular midwives of this intermountain country.
She waited upon over one thousand women, and it is said of her,
that she never lost a case, except one, where the mother had con-
tracted diphtheria, from its being' in the house.
Sister Hardie practiced in the Lying Inn hospital, of Edin-
burgh, two years before she came to this country, and was popular
in her own land. She was invited to become the "wet" nurse to
one of the Oueen's children, but she had her own little babe, and
the mother refused to give up the care of her own child, even to
suckle the child of a queen.
The sweet, f^racious features of "Grandma Hardie" her
benign influence, her tender solicitude, her courage, her indomitable
faith, are traditions in every home in this pioneer country. The
touch of her hand was solace, the sound of her voice was music ;
her memory is indeed a benediction. '
She, herself, bore a large family, among them being: John
Hardie, Mrs. Grace Young, Mrs. Agnes Lynch and the famous
actor, James Hardie.
She died June 2, 1872, mourned by thousands of grateful pio-
neer mothers and friends.
There were two "Grandma Hardy's" who were both mid-
wives, and neither were related to Mrs. Hardie from Scotland.
JANET DOWNING HAROJE
CAROLINE HARDIE
PlO.NKER Mll)WI\KS
o50 RliLIHr SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
MRS. CAROLINE HARDY.
Caroline Bacon Rogers Hardy was born in Noridgewalk,
Maine, September 16, 1806. In her girlhood, she went with her
mother and sister, to Georgetown, Mass. There she was married
to Samuel B. Hardy, January 17, 1826.
Mrs. Hardy lived in Georgetown about six years, then moved
on a farm in East Bradsford (now Groveland) Essex county.
There, they were visited by '"Mormon" missionaries, and embraced
the gospel in 1840. Immediately after their conversion, the Hardy
home became headquarters for "the missionaries, and meetings were
held there each Sabbath, until they went to Utah.
After the martyrdom of Joseph Smith, they were visited by
Wilford Woodruff. It was then that a life-long friendship was
formed between Brother Woodruff and Mr. Hardy, and family.
They were urged to go to Utah with other families. Accordingly,
in the spring of 1850, they started in Wilford Woodruff's company,
and came across the plains with ox teams. They arrived in Salt
Lake City, October 12, 1850. After their arrival there, Mrs. Hardy
continued the practice of obstetrics and nursing for about ten years.
She then went to Dixie with her husband, who was called to help
settle that country, in 1861.
Mrs. Hardy spent the rest of her life, except a few years spent
in Virgen City, in St. George, where she continued nursing the
sick. During her years of practice, she brought into the world
more than one thousand babies. It was said of her that she was
very successful in her work as a nurse, scarcely losing a case.
She was the mother of a large family. Her oldest son,
Augustus P. Hardy, was one of the first four "Mormons" who
came to Dixie as missionaries, in 1854.
As long as prayer meetings were continued, they were held at
the Hardy home for many years. Mrs. Hardy died in November,
1898, at the age of ninety-two years.
MARTHA HARDY.
"The other Sister Hardy," Martha Longfellow Foster Hardy,
was born in Newbury, Mass. She was the wife of Mansel Hardy
of Groveland, Mass. Mr. Hardy died in 1852. After his death
Mrs. Hardy came to Salt Lake City, and was married to Samuel B.
Hardy (grandpa). She practiced obstetrics there. Soon after
Dixie was settled, she came to St. George, where she lived until
her death, in 1868.
**Mormon" Women Physicians.
Among the brave women who have sacrificed time, health,
money, and pleasure, in administering to the sick, in this Church,
iione deserve greater reward, nor more honor than do the few
women who have spent years in the East preparing themselves for
physicians, and afterwards have returned to minister to the sick
of this people.
We give here, in this article, some pictures and sketches of
a few of them ; but not all were obtainable. However, we desire
to place them on record, and call the attention of the young read-
ers of the Magazine to these heroines who have borne and suf-
fered much.
Other physicians who deserve mention and equal honor are
Dr. Emma Atkin, of Tooele, who died some years ago in Nephi ;
Dr. Jane Ivins McDonald, who lived and practiced in St. George,
Dr. "Van" — Mary Emma Greene Van Schoonhooven — as she
was lovingly and familiarly known, who was a grandniece of
President Brigham Young.
The two brilliant and successful physicians. Dr. Belle Ander-
son Gemmel and Dr. Elsie Ada Faust are practicing today -in
this city, and deserve to be mentioned with our own "Mormon"
physicians, not only because they are able, and because they are
women, but also because they are very near the line of kinship
and fellowship which bind the genuine and true together in bonds
of fellowship.
MRS. ROMANIA B. PENROSE, M. D.
From "Representative Women," by Augusta J. Crocheron.
Romania Bunnell Penrose, daughter of Luther B. and Esther
Mendenhall Bunnell, was born August 8, 1839, in Washington,
Wayne county, Indiana. In her seventh year, she went with her
parents to Nauvoo, and had the privilege of visiting the temple,
and went with the Church to Winter Quarters. She says :
"While there, I well remember being present when the martial
band was marching round, and the call was made for the 'Mor-
mon' Battalion, for Mexico. Although too young to appreciate
the severe ordeal our devoted and persecuted people were subject
to, I can never forget the feeling of grief which oppressed my
little heart, as one after one the brave-hearted men fell into the
♦•anks." From Winter Quarters her parents moved to Ohio,
where her whole time was spent in attending school, the last year
and a half at the Crawfordsville Female Seminarv. In 1855. her
352 RliLIEI' SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
mother, then being a widow, with her family of two girls and two
boys and their worldly effects, again joined the Saints at Atchi-
son, now Omaha, where she was first baptized into the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, on the last of May, 1855,
just before commencing their journey, with ox teams, across the
plains to Salt Lake City, where they arrived September 3 of the
same year. The summer journey of these months was a series
of changing panoramic scenes as enchanting to the free, careless
heart of a child as it was arduous to those of maturer years. Their
arrival in the city of the Saints was during the grasshopper
famine, when flour was twenty-five dollars per hundred weight,
sugar forty cents per pound, and everything else in proportion,
and although they had left plenty behind them, in the hands of
guardians who refused to allow them any money (the children
all. being minors) to come away among the "Mormons," saying:
"They will rob you of it all as soon as you get there." In con-
sequence of this prejudice, they arrived in Salt Lake City penni-
less, and at a time when they, with thousands of others, had to
learn the sweetness of the coarsest kind of bread. Romania taught
day school and gave music lessons on the piano at intervals until
she entered the medical profession.
Through a love of literary pursuit and surrounding circum-
stances her attention was turned to the medical profession which
she entered in 1873, and graduated in the Woman's Medical Col-
lege of Philadelphia, in March, 1877. After graduating she re-
mained in Philadelphia and took special courses on the eye and
ear at Wills' Hospital and a dispensary on Chestnut Street, con-
ducted by Dr. George Strawbridge. Leaving Philadelphia, she
spent a few weeks visiting hydropathic institutions to learn some-
thing of the mode of administration and especially of water treat-
ment.
Lnmediately on her arrival home, by request, she commenced
giving lectures to ladies and agitated the question of a hospital for
women and children, and by counsel on account of great demand
of obstetrical aid needed in the numerous settlements, soon insti-
tuted a school of midwifery, and taught two classes a year for
twenty-eight years, except when absent for special study in the
New York Eye and Ear Infirmarv, where she spent eight months
in 1881-2.
Of medical members. Dr. Penrose's family certainly has
had a goodly number, and of these we select Dr. Mendenhall, of
Richmond, Indiana, her mother's cousin. Dr. Marmaduke Men-
denhall, of North Carolina, her cousin. Dr. Paris Mendenhall ;
her brother, Dr. James R. Mendenhall, of Richmond, Indiana ;
Nereus Mendenhall, professor in New Garden Quaker College ;
also George D. and William Mendenhall, physicians.
"MORMON" WOMEN PHYSICIANS. ■ 353
Dr. Penrose is in appearance the very embodiment of grace
and peace. Her cordial clasp of hand, a hand gentle, but some-
how sugegstive of the nerve, firmness, self-possession and power
the true healer holds, gives one the intuition of her sympathy and
benevolence. All these qualities are conveyed, as upon an open
page, by the very presence of Dr. Penrose. Also, that other influ-
ence is felt that she, too, leans upon a higher power than human
skill, the same Giver of life and health that the tenderest child
looks up to.
Dr. Romania B. Penrose was the first "Mormon" woman
graduate. Following her return as graduate, next came Dr. Ellis
R. Shipp, 1878; Mattie Paul Hughes. M. D., 1883; Elvira S.
Barney, M. D., 1883, and Margaret C. Roberts, M. D., 1883.
DR. ELLIS REYNOLDS SHIPP.
Dr. Ellis R. Shipp was born in Iowa, in 1847, and in 1853,
crossed the plains with her parents and went through the many
struggles and privations attending the lot of the colonizers of
early days.
In her early womanhood she became the wife of Dr. M. B.
Shipp, of Indiana. She continues to live in this city. Mrs. Shipp
received her early teaching in the common schools, and later at
the University. In 1875, she entered the Woman's Medical Col-
lege of Pennsylvania, taking the regular three years' course, and
receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1878 — being the
second Utah woman to graduate with honor from an eastern med-
ical institution. She has since taken post-graduate courses in
New York, Philadelphia and Ann Arbor, availing herself of the
excellent clinics and hospital opportunities supplied in each place
Upon her return to Utah she took up a successful practice, and
also taught classes in special branches, her skill having proof in
the large number of her trained students who have entered upon
successful medical practice, not only throughout Utah, but also
in Idaho, Colorado, Arizona, Canada, and Old Mexico.
A poet of no mean ability, her poems show her to have given
ear to the whisperings of nature and the heartbeats of humanity
in more than a literal sense. She is a devoted mother, a true
friend, and a noble, as well as a notable woman.
DR. MARGARET C. ROBERTS.
Dr. Margaret C. Roberts graduated from the Woman's Med-
ical College of Pennsylvania, in 1883. She practiced medicine
and minor surgery in Salt Lake county, until seven and one-hali
years ago. The last ten years of practice, she has specialized in
obstetrics ; also taught classes in obstetrics and nursing.
In 1898. she s'tarted the first Relief Society Nurse Class in
354 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Salt Lake stake. She taught two years free of charge ; and then
started the Relief Society Nurse School, under the auspices of the
General Board of the Relief Society, in 1902. She has gradu-
ated over 'three hundred Relief Society nurses, and about as
many midwives. She is re-engaged as medical instructor for
the Obstetrics and Nursing School of the Relief Society for
1915-1916.
Dr. Roberts is now spending some weeks in California to
rest, to "see" and to brush up in her work for teaching.
DR. ELVIRA STEVENS BARNEY.
Elvira Stevens (her maiden name) was born in Gerry, Cha-
tauqua County. N. Y., March 17, 1832. She was the daughter
of Samuel C. Stevens, a merchant, and her mother was Minerva
Althea Field, a schoolteacher before marriage. Elvira's great-
grandfather was a soldier of the Revolution, and her grandfather,
Simon Stevens, a doctor ; her uncles were doctors and lawyers by
profession.
The Stevens family received the gospel in the state of New
York, and Elvira was baptized when twelve years of age, m
1844. The family went to Nauvoo, 111., in 1845, where the par-
ents died, and left their five children almost penniless.
What Elvira passed through from the time of being left an
orphan until she grew to womanhood is almost past belief ; but
she had an abiding faith and unflinching integrity in the gospel
and the perseverance under difficulties inherited from her Puritan
ancestry. She was determined to learn, to gain an education.
She had the ambition and through her own efforts and persistent
zeal, she overcame almost insurmountable obstacles and suc-
ceeded in fitting herself for a teacher in the early days, studying
at night to keep ahead of her pupils.
Mrs. Barney was a very remarkable woman all through her
life ; in fact, a particularly strong character, indeed matsterful,
nothing daunting her energy ,and her indomitable will surmounted
all obstacles.
In 1849, Elvira Stevens married, and she, in connection with
her husband, was called on a mission to the Society Islands, but
the mission was postponed, and finally, in 1850 or 1851, she
started, in company with Apostle Parley P. Pratt, who was going
to Chili.
Dr. Barney educated herself ; she attended for one or two
years the Deseret University, and earned her own money to go
to eastern colleges, and study medicine. After her return, she
taught classes in obstetrics, and helped in various ways other
voung women to get on in the world.
She died Jan. 12, 1909, in this city. Much more could be
said in her praise, but her own works praise her in the gates of
"MORMON" WOMEN PHYSICIANS. yy?
the promised land. She has gone to her loved ones behind the
veil, and after a long life of toil and hardship, she has entered
into the glorious rest that remains for the Saints who have over-
come and endured faithful to the end. "Blessed are the dead who
die in the Lord from henceforth."
DR. MARTHA HUGHES CANNON.
Dr. Mattie Hughes Cannon began her medical career by
reading under Dr. Anderson and Dr. Seymour B. Young. For
two years, she attended the University of Deseret for half of
each day, while she worked as a compositor in the printing office
of the Deseret A'ews the other half. At the age of twenty-one,
she entered the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor. Two
years later, she graduated, taking out her degree as an M. D.
She spent her vacation practicing medicine on the Detroit River,
near the Canadian border. The following fall, Dr. Hughes en-
tered ihe scientific department of the University of Pennsylvania
taking the auxiliary branches to medicine. In 1882, she re-
ceived the degree of B. S. from that institution. Dr. Cannon is
also a graduate of the National School of Elocution and Oratory
in Philadelphia, with the degree of Bachelor of Oratory. On her
return to Salt Lake, she became resident physician of the Deseret
Hospital, besides conducting a large, private practice. Later,
she traveled to Europe, and visited many of the hospitals there.
As state senator during the 1897-1899 sessions of the Utah Leg-
islature, Dr. Cannon secured the passage of a number of bills,
relating to health and sanitation. Dr. Cannon was the first woman
state senator in the United States. One of the bills passed, estab-
lished the state board of health ; another was a pure food law ;
one carried an appropriation for a hospital for the state school
of Deaf. Dumb, and Blind (of which institution she was a di-
rector) ; and still another compelled merchants to provide seats
for their women clerks. She was the author of the Medical Bill,
which put the sanitation of the entire State on a working basis.
For four years she was a member of the State Board of Health.
At present, Dr. Cannon is a member of the National Medical
Association, and Vice-President of the International Congress of
Tuberculosis. She is also a member of the Psychological Section
of the Medics Society of New York. For the past fifteen years
she has specialized on the diseases of women.
lANE W. K. SKOLFIELD, M. D.
Born in Ogden, Weber County, May 19th, 1866, spent most
of her girlhood days on the farm in Hooper, Weber County.
Graduated in the public schools. Was married 1885. Taught in
the public schools in 1886. The following year attended the We-
ber Stake .\cademv. In 1893 entered the BriQham Youno- Vm-
35r. RRLinr society magazine.
versity to take up academic kindergarten training from which
institution was graduated in 1895, the same year entered the Chi-
cago Kindergarten College and took special diploma.
In 1902 entered the Denver and Gross College of Medicine,
og Denver, Colorado, and in 1907 was graduated with the degree
of Doctor of Medicine. In December, 1907, was admitted on the
house staff of the Doctor Groves Latter-day Saints Hospital,
where she served a full year in the capacity of House Physician
and Surgeon, being the first doctor to serve a full year interneship
and receive a certificate of the same from that institution, and the
first woman to be admitted as an interne in any hospital in the
State of Utah. Dr. Skolfield has been instructor in obstetrics on
the teaching staff for the past four years, and is now a membei-
of the staff of the L. D. S. Hospital. In 1912 the Doctor served
as a representative in the lower house of the State Legislature,
and championed the nine-hour law and minimum wage law for
working girls, besides introducing the eugenics bill, backed by the
State Medical Board, also a number of other important medical
bills. Dr. Skolfield occupies many public offices and positions
and is a member of the City Board of Medical Examiners for the
public schools of this city, and examiner for several Life Insur-
ance Companies. Dr. Skolfield is the mother of four children
and attends to her general practice as physician and surgeon,
specializing in women's and children's diseases. She is an active
member of the Business Women's Club, City Civics Club, acting
as chairman of the sanitation committee. The doctor successfully
manages a home and a large family.
"A DAUGHTER OE THE NORTH."
That deservedly popular author Nephi Anderson has just
published a new and delightfully entertaining and instructive
story, "A Daughter of the North." Wherever the Latter-day
Saint'^ hive a home there willbc found a welcome for this charm-
ing tale. The author's clear, pellucid style, his power to visualize,
and his weaving of vital truths of the Gospel into his narrative
n-iake him an ideal companion for both young and old. The
characters of Captain Heldman and his beautiful daughter, Atelia,
are narticularl}' \\'ell drawn ; while the character of the "Mor-
mon" niissionary Waldemar Larsen, is convincing and strong.
His struggles are full of vital suggestions to other missionaries,
and the book should be read by them all. We heartily recom-
mend it to all our readers. The low price, 75 cents, cloth bound,
lirings it in the range of all purses. The book can be purchased at
all the book stores or from the author whose address is in care of
Historian's Office, Salt Lake City, Utah. The book is one of the
M. I. A. reading course.
The Conversion of Brother Oldtimer.
Lucy May Green.
'Twas Sunday afternoon, and the people of X Ward were
gathered for their afternoon service. Brother Oldtimer was an-
nouncing the meetings for the week. "The Relief Society will
meet at the usual time and place," he said wearily, and proceeded
with the other business of the meeting.
After church was over, he was approached by a young
stranger — a recent convert, — who asked, "What is the ob-
ject of the Relief Society, and what is done at their meetings?
Could I become a member?"
"Well," replied the brother, "that is where the mothers and
grandmothers of the ward hold forth, bear their testimonies, re-
port their visits to each other. It is said that 'We are the true
born sons of Zion' is their favorite hymn." And the brother
smiled, "You would be out of place there ; it's only for the old
people."
The following evening. Brother Oldtimer and his wife — who
was an officer in the Relief Society — were studying over the plans
for their new ward house. "Where is the Relief Society room to
be?" the wife asked anxiously. "This large sunny room next to
the chapel will be just the place for us," she continued. "That is
the Sunday School room," the husband said ; "these rooms are for
the Primar}' and Religion Class ; and the north room is for the
young people."
"Well, wherever will the Relief Society meet?'" asked Mrs. Old-
timer, almost in tears. "Here," replied the husband, pointing to a
small room in the basement, "this is the place, it will be warm so
near the furnace — and — well, it is rather dark, but you can use
the electric lights, and on special occasions, you can meet in the
chapel. And, my dear," he continued, "you Relief Society folks
had better get to work, for we shall need a lot of rag carpet made
for the aisles of our chapel, and the small rooms. We also expect
to have a big ward fair shortly, and we shall expect you to have
charge of the domestic booths ; and, of course, you will prepare and
serve the refreshments."
"The trials of the present day require the Saints to work as
well as pray," hummed the good lady, as she wearily tried to find
places for a large bundle of clothing and a basket of miscellaneous
articles which stood on the floor. "You will have to extend the
clothes closets and build me some new cupboards," she said, as
the husband helped her lift the heavy basket.
"Whatever for," demanded her partner sharply. "Isn't the
house large enough?"
358 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
''Well, dear," she answered meekly, "since you undertook the
management of the Relief Society finances, I have been worried
almost ill trying- to find places for all the various articles brought
in by the Relief Society teachers."
"Oh, bother the Relief Society," testily exclaimed the brother.
"What good does it do? They're just a pack of old women,
anyway."
That night, the brother retired as usual, but on awaking,
found himself in the other world. When he arrived at the golden
gate and asked for admission to the heavenly land, the gatekeeper
looked at him long and earnestly.
"You cannot enter here," he announced, in a firm, but quiet
voice.
"Why not?" demanded the brother. "I've been a good saint
for fifty years ; paid a strict tithing, preached to the people, kept
the Word of • Why, I've been a leading elder nineteen
years. Oh, there must be some mistake."
"You have never been completely converted," said the heav-
enly one. "And your sentence is that you shall spend some time
receiving further instructions, until your eyes are opened ; and
then you may return to earth again, where you will become truly
useful, and rectify your former mistakes."
The brother was then placed in charge of a guide, and the
journev back to earth was accomplished.
They first visited a home where sickness and death were pres-
ent. Two women were carefully nursing the sick children. In
another room, others were washing and laying out the dead, while
still another was trying to comfort the bereaved husband.
"Who are these who labor so earnestly?" the visitor inquired.
"Just the members of the Relief Society," his companion re-
plied.
Leaving this afflicted home, and traveling along a country
road, the visitor was surprised to see several large wagons filled
with sacks of wheat.
"Where are you going with this wheat?" he asked a driver.
"This wheat has been gathered by the Relief Society," was
the reply, "and we are taking it to the elevator where it will be
stored for time of need or famine."
The companions next visited a hospital. There in a lecture
room, a doctor was giving instructions to a number of bright-
faced, earnest women.
"This is the Relief Society Nurse Class," said the guide.
"They are taking a special course to prepare themselves tonurse
the poor who are sick and afflicted."
Their next visit was to the Temple. "Ah, here I'll feel at
home," thought the visitor. But no ! "Whv are there such large
CONVERSION OF BROTHER OLDTIMER. 359
companies here," he asked the guide ; "and an extra afternoon ses-
sion, too ? I have never seen so many people here before. What
is the reason?"
"The reason," said the guide, "is that the Relief Society has
been taking up systematic studies in genealogy, and the spirit of
Elijah has worked among them to such an extent that the desire
to labor for the dead has taken hold of all the people, and we can
scarcely accommodate the large numbers who come to the Tem-
ple."
Leaving the sacred edifice, the two companions walked along
quiet streets, where beautiful flower and vegetable gardens and im-
proved sanitary conditions bore mute but eloquent testimonv to
the benefits derived from the Relief Society course in noM^c uaf-
dening and Sanitation.
Passing a large, white building, the two were delighted with
strains of sweet music, followed by sustained applause.
"That is the Relief Society Choir, entertaining the old people
at the County Infirmary," said the guide.
"Now, come, let us visit the class in Ethics for Mothers," he
continued.
"Do thev study motherhood as well? Is there any field of
work the Relief Society is not engaged in?" faltered the now be-
wildered brother.
"No," replied the guide. "Their studies in home work aid
them in meeting the dailv problems of home life, and in rearing
their children. Their minds are kept alert by the discussion of
current events, and their course of art studies help them to appre-
ciate the beautiful world we live in. Faith in God and his gospel
is stimulated and strengthened by the lessons in theology and
ethics ; and in te.'^timony bearing, their knowledge of the gospel is
increased. The monthly visits of the teachers is a source of en-
couragement and inspiration to the women of the Church ; and the
solendid work of their special missionaries among the lukewarm
and wayward often result in conversions to the fold. By their
splendid system of charity funds, the hungry are fed. the poor
ard needy are cared for, and the naked are clothed. They help
to spread the gospel by aiding' the missionaries. They assist in
building meetinghouses. In fact, their work is like His who
came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and who gave
His life to the service of humanity."
"It is enough ; I have learned my lesson. Mv eyes are open
now." said the thoroughly humbled brother. And they were, in-
deed, open, in his old room at home.
"What a wonderful lesson has been given me. Now, I mean
to profit by it. Father in heaven, forgive and help me," he prayed
earnestly.
360 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Again 'twas Sunday afternoon, and once more Brother Old-
timer was reading the announcements :
"The ReHef Society will meet on Tuesday afternoon at two
o'clock, and I extend an earnest invitation to every woman in this
Church to visit and become a member of this splendid Society
for women. The various activities of the Society will interest and
provide work for every one. I intend to visit the meeting next
week, and will tell of a wonderful experience I have recently
passed through. I appreciate your faithful labors, and with all
my heart I say,
"God bless the Relief Societv."
Clothing for Women.
The Tivo Sarahs.
During this month many of our people will visit the WoH 1"^-
Panama-Pacific Exposition for the Genealogical Congress. They
will ask at once the following question : What will be necessary
for me to take ?
We answer : A valise, or light wicker suit-case is best, be-
cause of its light weight. This valise should contain the follow-
ing items:
A small box or rubber bag, with compartments for toilet
articles, including needles and thread, in case of emergency.
An apron of tan linen or black silk, with pockets in, is in-
valuable.
A drinking cup, clothes brush, and a few stamped and ad-
dressed envelopes and postal cards with paper, are essential.
A chamois bag for your extra money, hung around your neck
and pinned with a safety pin to your underwear.
A traveling suit is the first requisite — coat and skirt — black,
navy blue or brown, and if of serge or gaberdine, is very desir-
able ; silk and net, or lawn waists to harmonize.
A one-piece gown of soft taffeta or messaline for dress oc-
casions is nice ; a top coat of light wool or silk material is needed
unless one has a suit.
A pullman kimono of silk or cotton crepe, with hood at-
tached, or a dainty boudoir cap, which conceals the hair and pro-
tects it from dust in the sleeper ; a pretty dressing sacque to wear
in vour room, and a pair of easy slippers to rest your tired feet,
are luxuries.
CLOTHING FOR J J' OMEN. 361
A becoming hat, with veil and gloves to match, white collars
and cuffs for street wear.
Good, comfortable shoes with common sense heels, add much
to the joy of walking.
Three pairs of hosiery ; a generous supply of handkerchiefs
and changes of underwear suitable to the occasion. These can
be washed out in your hotel, if necessary. But laundering is
done cheaply.
A FEW don'ts.
Do not put your purse or jewelry under your pillow.
Do not remove glasses or jewelry in toilet room. You are so
apt to forget them.
Do not wash your face too often ; use a good cold cream or
eau de cologne ; massage well into the skin ; use cold water for
bathing the face — it contracts the muscles, and helps to keep away
wrinkles.
Nowhere, in traveling, do we see the fine qualities of the real
lady so much in evidence, as in the Pullman toilet and dressing
room. Rapidity marks her every action, especially when the car
is crowded. Her one thought is : In what way can I better serve
the other ladies on the car than by my own dispatch and cour-
tesy. Use as little time and space as possible in the dressing room
in the mornings.
If you are remaining on the fair grounds, at San Francisco,
during the evening, a warm overcoat is indispensable, especially
during the months of July and August, as those are the two
coldest months of the year. To meet this requirement, patrons
will find on entering the grounds, lockers, where they can deposit
parcels for a dime, keep the key themselves, and can return for
their a\ arm wraps, when needed.
Don't carry too large handbags. You will load them down
with unnecessary things, and be constantly burdened as you move
from place to place.
Don't enter into conversation with strange men. Don't be
familiar even with women. See, enjoy, but talk little.
Ask officials for information, not passengers or travelers.
In the Kitchen Laboratory.
Hazel Love Dunford.
FOOD FOR THE SICK.
Diet in the large hospital is divided into three classes, name-
ly : liquid, soft solid, and solid diet. In the first class are all
liquids, including milk, gruels, beef extract, beef tea, egg nog,
cream soups, cocoa, etc. The second class is made up of eggs,
creamed toast, creamed sweet-breads, baked custards, junkets,
jellies, etc., while in the solid diet, such foods as meat, fish,
cereals, vegetables, and fruits are included.
In considering food for the sick, there is no one food that is
of so much importance, as is milk, for it contains all the five food
principles. It is inexpensive in most localities, and easily taken. It
agrees with most people. It can be cooked and combined with
many other foods ; and it is non-irritant. There are,
however, a few disadvantages, most of which can be over-
come to a certain degree. First,, as to bulk, such a large quantity
must be taken by an adult, especially in order to get the required
food value. Often times, the taste of milk is objected to. This
can be overcome by adding salt or a little spice, such as nutmeg,
cinnamon, or ginger, chocolate, or lime water.
These are all very good to use, to alter the taste of milk. Some
times, it causes nausea, probably due to the fat. It causes con-
stipation with many individuals. This can be overcome by the
use of magnesia. When milk is heated, a scum rises to the top ;
this contains coagulated albumen, a small quantity of coagulated
casein, and some fat. If this is removed, of course some of the
nutritive value is lost. If the scalded milk is beaten with a Dover
egg-beater, the scum, which is so unsightly, will be so intermin-
gled with the mass as not to be noticed. Milk should always be
heated in a double boiler, so as not to overheat or burn it. If it is
cooled immediately, some of the taste so peculiar to cooked milk
will be overcome. Milk is one of the most easily contaminated
foods we have. It should, therefore, be kept extremely clean and
in covered vessels (not tightly). It should never be left standing
in the sick room.
Tvlilk can be combined with well-cooked cereals, to make gru-
els of great food value. For instance — graham flour, cream of
wheat, oat meal, corn meal, and many others.
In serving food to sick people, first make them as comfort-
able as possible. Make the tray just as attractive as means will
permit : use artistic china : and be sure the tray is not too crowded.
IN THE KITCHEN LABORATORY. 363
A fresh flower always shows thoughtfulness, and adds to the
beauty of the tray. If there is no bed-side table, two blocks of
wood can be placed on either side of the patient to hold the tray ;
or books or magazines may be stacked so as to serve the purpose.
They must be high enough, so the tray will be off the individual.
RECIPES.
Asparagus Soup.
10 stalks of asparagus. Yolk 1 tgg,
- / ^ cup chicken or veal stock 1 tb. cream,
y% t. salt.
Boil asparagus until tender ; rub through seive, add stock
and seasoning, then lastly, the beaten yolk. (Note. — Egg may
be omitted, and flour used to thicken a little.)
Orange Jelly.
-)4 t. gelatine, . % c. orange juice,
y2 t. cold water, 1 t. lemon juice,
1 tb. boiling water, 1^/^ tb. sugar.
Soak gelatine in cold water, add boiling water, and stir until
dissolved ; add remaining ingredients, and set in a cool place until
firm. Serve with whipped cream.
TO MY SON.
Do you know that your soul is of my soul such a part
That you seem to be fibre and core of my heart ?
None other can pain me as you, dear, can do,,
None other can please me or praise me as you.
Remember the world will be quick with its blame.
If shadow or stain ever darken your name,
"Like mother like son" is a saying so true
The world will judge largely of mother by you.
Be yours, then, the task, if task it should be,
To force the proud world to do homage to me.
Be sure it will say when its verdict you've won.
She reaped as she sowed. Lo ! this is her son.
Margaret Johnstone Graflin.
Home Department.
Janette A. Hyde.
KITCHEN HELPS.
In this wonderful inventive age, the shops are suppHed with
ahnost every conceivable contrivance used to make house-keeping
more pleasant and easy. But in the selection of new handy arti-
cles, one must take into consideration whether or not those arti-
cles will be useful in one's own individual kitchen, for often-
times a convenience for one proves a burden to another, on ac-
count of the difference in space accomodation. Most conveni-
ences are usually luxuries, and are often too expensive. We
here offer a few inexpensive suggestions which can be made at
home :
The kitchen, where mother and daughters spend so much
time, should by all means have first consideration, as to conveni-
ences and means of making work easy. As to the size of the
kitchen there is a great dift'erence of opinion; some prefer the
roomy and somewhat spacious room, feeling free in the execu-
tion of labor, while the majority of housewives prefer the small
and compact compartment, as all its contents are brought close
together and many steps are saved in the preparation of meals,
orthe keeping of the kitchen in order. The buff'et kitchen is the
latest thing in houses.
Mrs. Leah D. Widtsoe of Logan has published in the A. C.
Bulletin an example of real kitchen convenience, as well a.^
compactness in the arrangement of the same: a table (home
made, if necessary) at the left of the kitchen sink, and as large
as the space will admit is indispensable in saving steps in the
kitchen ; have this overlap the sink and cover with zinc, which
will not rust. Turn up the zinc over a molding around the side
'of the table, so that the water will drain back from it into the
latter ; above the table have two or three enclosed shelves to hold
the most used articles in the preparation of the meals ; thus they
are always in sight and ready for use. It is advisable to transfer
all foods purchased loose, or in bags, to glass or tin jars labeled
and kept for this special purpose, such as rice, cornmeal, salt,
pepper, sugar, etc. Insert hooks on the under side of lower shelf
to hold measuring cups, spoons, meat fork, and in fact articles
used in preparing the meals. Above the sink have a dish rack
made of hard wood, cut into strips about 1% inches thick and 1
inch wide. ]\Iake four braces of same material, about six inches
HOME DEPARTMENT. 365
on top of brace and ten inches at bottom, nail these about twelve
inches apart, cut slits into the top of brace one inch apart into
which put the strips of wood, thus forming shelves with one inch
space between the strips of wood, into which dishes can be placed
for drying, and thus save many hours of dish drying. Nail the
four braces to the wall, being sure that the slits are exactly op-
posite each other at both ends of the shelf, so the strips will fit
firm and close, if the space above the sink is very wide, it would,
be well to tack the strips into the center with invisible nails an;]
blocks of wood one inch wide, it prevents them from spreading
and allowing the plates, saucers, etc., from slipping between
and dropping down into the sink. Use plenty of clean, hot dish
water, put your dishes to drain in this rack, save yourselves hours
of dish wiping and using of dish towels.
A Prince of Ur.
By Homespun.
Abram said nothing for a few moments. Then,
"Did you say that the Petesti Terah is ignorant concerning
this matter?"
Mardan nodded carelessly. His posture and his studied ex-
pression was the very acme of careless indifference. But his eyes
narrowed with anxious watching of his companion's face.
"Have you those usury tables with you now Mardan ?" asked
Abram with quiet seriousness. Mardan could not divine his kins-
man's purpose. But he answered still with studied indifference :
"Yes, I have them in my possession. See, here they are."
Mardan drew out three of the usual sized tables from the
bosom of his robe, and with a slight smile he placed them in the
waiting hand of Abram. Abram took them — broke off the clay
envelope, tossed the outer envelopes into the river, and with
great care he studied the three tables in his hand.
Finally, after a long pause, he said,
"Will you leave this matter w^ith me, Mardan ? I will give it
my earnest attention."
Mardan consented, for his whole purpose was to win over his
kinsman's good will and acquiescence in the plundering scheme
he had devised so skillfully. For without Abram's connivance, or
his grandfather's signature, the usury tables would not be honored
by Azzi-jaami or any other reliable palace steward.
"That child is a favorite of thine, I see, my kinsman,"" said
366 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Marclan, as he settled himself once more amongst Abram's cush-
ions. 'Twas thus he sought to relieve an awkward moment.
"Yes," replied the prince cordially, "The little one has fol-
lowed me around since I returned two days since. I love the
little ones, and as this child has been almost deserted by his for-
getful mother, I have permitted him to be with me much."
"This is the only child of that last wench of Azzi-jaami's, is
it not?" the eyes of the dissolute Mardan dropped carefully as he
looked across at the child sleeping peacefully among the boat's
cushions.
"He is her only son and child," replied Abrani softly, rising
as he spoke to lean cautiously over and adjust the cushions
more comfortably under the shining little black poll.
"Zillah is qualifying herself for one of the priestesses of the
great Assyrian religion," said Mardan softly, as if to test his
companion's temper. "I am told that she hopes to be ready to
become a candidate at the dedication of our new temple to
Pharoah-Meredach, this three days hence."
The face of Abram clouded instantly.
"What foul aspersions are you seeking to cast upon the
character of one of our own household? Say you not such things
to Terah, or you may repent even the speech."
"Thou art not wise, Abram. Do you not perceive that even
our prudent Petesi Terah hath dropped his narrow, hide-bound
views about the one and only antiquated God of the Sons of Adam,
and he is himself no small believer in the many and wondrous
jf^ods which he fashions out of bronze and gold and stone for these
cultured Chaldeans. Abram, why quibble and query concerning
the way of heaven ? If men are sincere and worship a god in some
form, no matter what, why be so narrow and provincial as to
f'eny others the right of intellectual choice? This world belongs
as much to one as to another. You and I can readily see the germ
of truth in every known form of religion. But why in the name
of Merodach shall we care which road we take to heaven ? All
roads will lead there, if God's children only worship Him in
some form or another. My father Nimrod hath subdued and con-
quered this whole Chaldean and Assyrian country, by the might
of his gigantic prowess and his powerful leadership. He has in-
herited his father's priesthood and wears — at times — the roval
robes of that priesthood handed down from Adam to Seth, and so
to Noah, to Ham and now to Nimrod. Why shall you rise up and
challenge his right of leadership?"
Abram looked like a far mountain peak around which the slow
clouds of a gathering storm are circling with silent fury. But he
kent himself well in hand as he replied to this specious reason-
ing :
"T'^ it possible Mardan. that vou can give vourself to these
A PRINCE OF UR. 367
vapid and meaningless explanations of a most palpable religious
fraud? You know, for 3'OU were rightly taught, as I was, by
Grandfather Shem, that there is but one God in the heavens above
or in the earth beneath ; and he is a jealous God, who will brook
no divided worship of his children. You know, or should, that
there is but one way, one path, one straight and narrow road to
heaven ; and alas, who is walking therein in this corrupt and god-
less world about us? And how can you, a son of the house of
Noah, speak calmly of the vile worship of the moon, practiced in
this wicked city. How my heart has burned with indignation as
I have seen the towers of that godless, idolatrous temple to the
goddess Ishtar or Kohrah reared in this beautiful city, during the
past years. It is monstrous ! And you speak of thy father Nim-
rod's priesthood. How can you mention such a thing when you
know that his father's father Ham stole the robe and the sacred
garments from our fore-father's Noah's body as he lay asleep after
his first great feast of worship when coming down from the Ark
on the mountains of Ararat. It is he that has also stolen and cor-
rupted the ceremonies of the temples, degrading them by intro-
ducing all the apostate forms of idol worship known to the sons
of Cain. It is Nimrod that has set himself up as a god, and his
poor fawning subjects whine at his feet with sickening worship.
Even as if that were not enough, he is now trying to introduce
into this hitherto free land the vile barbarity practiced by the
Egyptians and the Accadian races about us. And I verily believe
that thou — Mardan, his son — art aiding him in this awful practice
of human sacrifice !"
"And do you not believe in human sacrifice?" the question
was asked in so simple, so innocent a wav that Abram looked
sharply at his distant kinsman in the gathering dusk as if to
fathom the sources of his strange question.
"Believe in human sacrifice?" Abram asked with deep in-
credulity. "What sayest thou? Do I believe in the most mon-
strous, degrading, loathsome superstition known to man ? How
can you, a son of the house of Noah ask such a question?"
"Not so fast, my beloved Abram. What about the coming
great Human and Divine Sacrifice? Is there not to be some
Divine One who will be ofifered up as a sacrifice for all?"
"Aye, there is to come One such God — man, glorious in His
Derson, the very begotten Son of God !" Abram's answer was
breathed slowly and with the reverent tones of the deepest, most
profound devotion. But Mardan still smiled with sly derision.
"Then why all this talk and violent opposition? If it be
f^ood to offer up one Man, and he the Son of God, why not two
men or any number of men, if man so pleases, and he can win the
approbation of the god<; thereby?"
"Mardan, your talk astounds me beyond power of speech.
368 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Why should we not offer human sacrifice? Because God has
said that the Hfe of all men is in His own hands. He giveth life
and He only can take life. Man that sheddeth blood, by man shall
his blood be shed."
"Shall not the officer of the law take life when so commanded.
Then why not the priest, when so commanded? Ha man gives
his life because he hath committed sin, why not give his life to
prevent others from committing sin?" -
"Mardan, thou talkest like thou wert thyself a priest of
Chaldea. It is thus they silence the voice of God within their
own souls and make out to kill the very sources of inspiration and
goodness within themselves. If thou wouldst have answer, look
upon the seething corruption, the mass of festering humanity
which welters in this and other cities of the world today, and find
if you can a single man or woman who is not tainted with the
seeds of decay and vile rottenness from the results of their sins.
The women of the higher classes have long since ceased to bear
children. The children of the poor and degraded come up to
seize the reins of power and place. Race suicide is as common as
it is acceptable. My father's household alone, and that through
tl^eir long years of godly teachings, have kept themselves pure
and unspotted from the sins of this world. Only the few of us
who worship Jehovah are willing to keep ourselves clean from the
contaminating influences of the luxurious sins about us. Let us
cease this painful discourse, Mardan ! I cannot believe, profligate
though thou art, that thou hast sold thyself outright to the devil."
Mardan saw that his kinsman was full of smoldering wrath.
He dreaded an outburst of that rare anger as he dreaded nothing
else in the world. So he merely stooped and with a light laugh,
began trailing his white and well kept hands in the blue waters of
the slowly- moving river, while he sang a temple hymn to
Merodach that was quaint and charming enough, but which was
addressed to the Lord of the Alabaster House, the god of Ur —
Merodach^ — Nimrod — and the boatmen joined in with its flowing
musical phrases as it was the most popular of all the many hymnals
sung to Merodach. But as the beautiful words were also suscepti-
ble of interpretation as a hymn to God, Abram. and Terah before
him, always allowed it to be sung in their presence. Just now, it
i^'iitated Abram like a whip of scorpions:
LORD OF THE ALABASTER IIOUSE.
Father mine, of life the giver, cherishing all, beholding all.
Lord, whose power benign extends over all in heaven and earth
Thou drawest forth from heaven the seasons and the rain:
Thou watchest life and vieldest showers.
A PRINCE OF UR. 369
Who in heaven is high exalted? Thou, sublime in thy reign.
Who on earth? Thou, sublime in thy reign.
Thou revealest thy will in heaven, and celestial spirits praise thee,
Thou revealest thy will below, and subduest the spirits of earth,
Thy will shines in heaven like the radiant light ;
On earth thy deeds declare it to me.
Thou, thy will, who knoweth? With what can man compare it?
Lord, in heaven and earth, thou Lord of gods, none equals thee.
The baby had opened its eyes with the first sound of the
music and had held out its arms to Abram. But for once he was
not attending. The storm that had been gathering all that event-
ful ride was now upon him. As the hymnal floated off into silence.
Abram burst forth:
"Why do I hate idolatry? And why is human sacrifice the
vilest and the wickedest of all human sins ? The worship of God
brings virtue, peace, light, holiness and happiness. While idolatry
always brings darkness and evil in its train? Look at the fruits of
idol worship. Vile men, clad in purple and silken embroiders go
raving about the streets of L^r as they do at Xinevah, seeking ever
for fresh excitement, new pleasures. Nameless sins mark the
rituals of the black art devotees who practice their secret abomi-
nation, not only in the temple fanes during the dark of the moon,
but also in other secret chambers in private houses. The money of
the nation is held bv the few rich men who crush and grind the
faces of the poor with their cruel exactions. Women, clothed
upon with the cloak of hypocrisy envesture themselves as priest-
esses of the goddess of the moon, and they go out boldly in the
faint new moonlight of the young moon, and sit on the so-called
sacred pavement for viler priests, , or the dissolute and riotous
noblemen of the city to beckon to them and then their fate is
sealed, their virtue is forever despoiled. Not only do these mis-
guided maidens loose their all in thus parting with the pearl of
great price, but they get in return an inheritance of disease and sin
which goes chasing them down to the last generation of their
children, if they are so cursed as to become mothers. The temples,
built with so much toil and treasure, house beneath their spacious
corridors the priests who rob every priestess of virtue, spoil every
devotee of money, and finally hoodwink the very princes and patesi
of the kingdom with their vile sorceries and witchcraft. Instead
of faith, we have the basest of superstition. Instead of virtue we
have the wildest laciviousness. Instead of the sweet comforts of
home and the upbringing of little children, we have the whirling
dervishes of a worship that parades before the very heavens as the
most stupendous apostasy that has been upon the earth since the
davs wh:n God blotted out all men bv the waters of His flood.
370 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
O, my soul is sick, and thou !" Suddenly Abram rose, while the
slender boat tottered on the rippling waters with his sudden move-
ment. Mardan cowered in his cushions.
"Thou who namest these things as evidences of culture, re-
finement, liberty of conscience!"
"And thou !" Abram's brow was wreathed with the thunders
of heaven, his voice was as the Assyrian lion and his eyes flashed
like the forked lightnings. "I believe that thou art the cause of
much of the aoostasy in our father's household. If I thought that
thou hadst linked thyself with these hell-hounds of rotting priests,
to bring about the destruction of the daughters of Azzi Jami, I
would myself grind thee to powder. Thou miserable poltroon and
murderer."
It was well for them both that the rocking of the boat hindered
any further demonstration. As Abram stood up the child ut-
tered a shrill cry trying to leap to Abram's side; instead he fell
overboard. In the confusion that followed his being hauled out,
the bitter conversation was ended between the kinsmen. But
Mardan would never forget, nor would Abram. As Abram drew
the little one into the boat, regardless of its wet garments, he bent
soothingly above the trembling little body and bade the oarmen
make straight for the shore.
Abram had discovered another evidence of Mardan's treach-
ery and corruption, while Mardan knew once and forever that his
elder kinsman was as incorruptible as the pillars of heaven.
Abram turned his face to the palace gates directing a slave to
carry the child to the palace ; the little naked body now wrapped
in his own abaya. Abraham took his way towards the City of Ur.
(to be continued)
NO ENEMIES.
"You have no enemies ; alas, my friend, the boast is poor.
He who has mingled in the fray of duty that the brave endure,
Must have made foes.
If you have none, small is the work that you have done ;
You've hit no traitor on the hip ;
You've dashed no cup from the perjured lip;
You've never turned the wrong to right ;
You've been a coward in the fight.
You have no enemies."
— Selected.
Current Topics.
Denmark has granted the elective franchise to women. Thus the
disenthrahment of humankind, female as well as male, go on in
governmental affairs.
The United States is not likely to become involved in war
with any other nation at the present time ; but the constantly recur-
ring internal disturbances in various states do not augur so well for
the. safetv of the nation p'enerallv.
In Utah, the month of June has become quite as notable for its
June festivals in honor of the "Old Folks," or those persons above
seventy years of age, as it is for weddings the civilized world over ;
and these festivals are not less the harbingers of joy and love
among the people, young and old.
It is officially announced that the Swiss army of 250,000 men
wns mobilized in one week after the European war began, which
was better than either France or Great Britain did. This incident
is one among many which go to show that neither France nor
Great Britain were prepared for the war, hence did not inaugurate
it.
California has had another severe earthquake, this one ex-
pending its central force in the Imperial Valley, a rich agricultural
section of Southern California which is being opened up by an
extensive government irrigation project. Several lives and hun-
dreds of thousands of dollars in property were lost, the irrigation
works marvelously escaping destruction.
Whatever else the M. I. A. contests connected with the June
conferences of the young people among the Latter-day Saints may
develop, they portray beyond dispute a high order of educational
and intellectual development that augurs well for the Mutual Im-
provement cause in the years to come. '
The Zionist mov mrnt that is. to repopulate Palestine with the
Jews, in the United States, has received marked impetus the past
two months, owing to the European war. It is urged that at the
close of the war there will be a keen competition for Palestine, and
that the logical disposition of that country would be to assign
it to the Jews. Thus do coming events cast their shadows before.
The Associated Press dispatches carried to all parts of the
United States the astonishing news that Baby Sayre, President
372 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Woodrow Wilson's youngest grandchild, had cried several times in
one night in the same house where "Grandpa" slept, but had not
disturbed him seriously. Why should he be hurt with one baby's
crying, one night only? Hasn't he reared three girls, each of whom
out-figured Baby Sayre up to date with "echoes of the night?"
More than a million women in Great Britain have petitioned
the government to interne the thousands of Germans now at liberty
in that country. It is not unlikely that the women will have their
request granted, since Great Britain, being the most democratic
of the European powers, is the only one of the belligerent nations
which has not interned or expelled most of the citizens of hostile
countries within its borders.
By an elaborate system of referendum, the United States
Chamber of Commerce at Washington has ascertained that the
country at large is overwhelmingly opposed to the ship-purchase
plan proposed by the administration during the last Congress. It
thus appears that Utah's congressional delegation, which unitedly
opposed the bill, was in harmony with the general American senti-
ment, and not opposed to it, as many of their political opponents
would have had the people believe when the bill was being voted
on.
Japan has ordered that the teaching of religion in the schools
of Korea be estopped, and gives as an argument in favor of it'^
new method that the United States and France have found success
in general education by "separating wisdom and religion." It
may be made to appear so to the Japanese mind, but the cleaner
and more enlightened sentiment of this country discerns dismal
failure to the social fabric in "separating wisdom and religion"
in the training of the youth.
The exhibition of the Liberty Bell to the children of Salt
Lake City and vicinity at the only convenient time, namely, on
Sunday morning, July 11, aroused a protest from some ministers
because, forsooth, it interfered with the sessions of the Sabbath
schools. By the way, wasn't the heaven-inspired institution of
this great government for the religious as well as the political
freedom of millions of people the basis of a valuable Sunday les-
'^on. itT-t^'^'l of a protest? Rightly applied by Sabbath school
teachers, the notable presence of the historic relic which more than
all others of its class is a reminder of that heaven-inspired event,
and which impresses the child-mind with the thought conveyed in
the quotation from the Bible inscribed on the bell itself: "Pro-
claim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants
thereof" — is a theme for more than one effective Sunday school
les on to Ch""i>tian children.
Notes from the Field.
The stake conferences this year have been a real joy to all
concerned. The General Board has been able to send representa-
tives to all the stakes so far scheduled, notwithstanding the fact
that on some of the dates there have been as many as six confer-
ences held simultaneously, ranging in distance from Canada to
Arizona. The response from the stakes has been whole-souled in
every way, great interest being manifested in all lines of Relief
Society work, and especially along spiritual lines, including the
testimony meetings. The officers' meetings have been better at-
tended than ever before, and this is most gratifying. Certainly
no wide-awake officer will ever feel that she can possibly afiford
to miss these important meetings. In many of the stakes, splen-
did class work is being done. Teachers have been selected, who
are thoroughly qualified to direct the study, and their efforts are
bringing gratifying results.
The follovving new stakes have been organized within the
last three months : Curlew, Raft River, North Davis, and South
Davis. Curlew Stake was made up of portions of Malad and
Box Elder Stakes ; and Raft River is taken from Cassia Stake ;
and the old Davis Stake was divided into two parts forming the
northern and southern divisions. The President of the Curlew
Stake is Mrs. Mary E. Bennett of Malad, Idaho, while that of
Raft River is Mrs. Lucy Eames, Almo, Idaho. Reports of the
new officers of the Davis Stakes have not yet been received.
A reorganization of the stake Relief Society in Star Valley
took place at the recent quarterly conference, held in Afton. Wyo-
ming, on June 26th and 27th. The visitors at this conference
were Elder Rudger Clawson, President Rulon S. Wells, Mrs.
Amy Brown Lyman, and Mrs. Janette A. Hyde. Because of con-
tinued illness in her family, and because of her inability, therefore,,
to attend to the work of the Society properly, Mrs. Sarah Ann
Burton asked to be realeased from the office of stake president.
Her excellent service and pure devotion have left a lasting im-
press on that stake Relief Societv. The new stake officers were
sustained as follows : President, Martha E. Roberts ; Counselors,
Susan Cazier, Kitty Burton ; Secretary. Artemesia D. Call ; Treas-
urer, Sedonia Roberts; Chorister, Allison M. Hale; Organist,
Mary R. Yeaman. Stake Board: Johanna Cook, Elizabeth Lm-
ford, Sarah A. Hurd, Lena Jenkins, Helen Wilson, Elizabeth
Turner, Sarah Isabel Call, Ruth Raney, Elizabeth Moser, Chris-
tena HoUing, Martha Barrus, Angela Rich, Clary Harrison, Arte-
mesia D. Call, and Florence Lee.
374 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
The General Board of the Relief Society is arranging for a
new set of books for record work. These books will be ready for
distribution before the end of the year, and by January 1, 1916,
we shall hope to see them adopted and in use in every ward in
the Church. These books will be arranged to take care of all the
information required for our yearly report, and will obviate much
of the trouble experienced last year by Secretaries, in compiling
these yearly reports. Meanwhile the secretaries should preserve
their present records in permanent books, as there will be no place
in the new books for back minutes.
If It Could Be.
By Bertha A. Kleinman.
If it could be that you and I
Could look into the years,
And you could know my tests to be
And I know all your tears —
I wonder, should we speed our ways.
To heal, nor wonder how
To lay some selfish joy aside?
Or should we smile and hurry by
And both forget, as now?
If I could look into your eyes.
With powers to divine.
And there behold your soul's great need.
And you could fathom mine —
I wonder, should we search our hearts
For words of life to say,
Or should our world of narrow cares
Blot out each other from our prayers,
And fill our every day?
O we who mean our ways so well,
But breathe our prayers too late,
For those whose hearts beat close to ours.
Who thirst and trust and wait —
What will the even-tide return,
What holds its hush for me,
Whose faith is voiced for me and mine,
For you and yours, no time, no time —
AAMiat will His answer be?
MESA, ARIZONA.
EDITORIAL
Entered ai second-class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. vVilliams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Misi Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richardi Mrs. Priscilla I'. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie Mrs. Rebecca Nicbaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddintrton
Irs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor Susa Young Gates
Business ^^anage^ Janette A. Hydb
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II. AUGUST, 1915. No. 8.
Death Hath Her Victories.
Two young" soldiers of Christ, both girded with the armor
of the true faith, whose feet were shod with the preparation of
peace, and who set out vaHantly to face the suns of yesterdays,
have met the white angel of Mortal Change, and have triumphed.
One was dauntless in his manly courage, and his fine quality
of virile persistence. The other was notable for his patient asso-
ciation with daily sorrow and affliction. One chose the science of
the physical issues of life and death for his purpose in life ; the
other sought his daily bread in easy avenues, lest death might
catch him unaware. Both lived and loved and wrought as youth
may gallantly strive. And both were loved — ah, how dearly they
were loved. For both were very lovable. Each won his hosts
of friends, for each deserved that much of life's sweet compen-
sations.
Pure, true, upright, brilliant, and able, these two were well
born sons. Upon the lintels nf their door-posts, both parents had
cast the bitter hysop dipped in the blond of their daily sacrifice.
.\nd. therefore, were they unafraid.
When suddenly the door of death was opened, and the white
angel of Change came forth. Gerald knew that angel well. He
2>76 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
had walked beside his noiseless feet, lo, these many days. Fear-
lessly, he had faced his daily grapple, and that high courage con-
ceived by constant pain, borne uncomplainingly, had given him
power to face his messenger in peace. David looked with star-
tled, instant comprehension, for he, too, had often met this mes-
senger in his work, unknowing who he was. On canyon ridge
alone, or plunged in soundless depths of mountain's icy pools,
that silent, wordless messenger had often beckoned, while David
laughed along, with reckless ignorance of his nearness. And
thus they met, the two young men and death, and earth was left
behind.
Come, parents, friends, we who knew them well, and we who
knew them not : Gaze not upon the relentless door which closed
upon their swift retreating forms. Turn from the silence and
mystery of their yesterdays, to face the crowding dawn of today.
Lift thine eyes to the hills, whence cometh help. Hear the throb-
bing melody of the morning lark, see the glory of the peaceful
violet, and mark the dusty highway where plod the Lord's own
halt and blind. Minister, smile, labor, sing. For so wrought
they, both David and Gerald. Being vanquished, they have con-
quered ; and we, too, must some day fight the good fight, and
likewise conquer and be vanquished. Shall we all conquer by
our courage, and triumph with our faith?
Note. — Dr. David B. Anderson and Gerald Anderson, whose
funeral services were held on Sunday, June 27, 1915, were the
promising sons of Elders Edward H. Anderson, Editor of the
F^ra, and Nephi Anderson, Editor of the Genealogical Magazine.
Both young men were faithful members of the Church, and both
were loyally loved, and will be sadly missed by sorrowing parents
and friends.
The mantle of Charity all should wear.
Regardless of color or size,
For it never grows old as some things do,
And is very becoming to me and you ;
'Tis a gem we all should prize.
Edith McClendon, Mesa, Arizona.
Guide Lessons.
LESSON I.
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Second Week.
Summer Health Lessons.
Third Week.
HYGIENE FOR THE WOMAN PAST FIFTY.
HEALTH OF BODY.
Diet. — The diet of women past fifty is an important consider-
ation, and should be weighed carefully by themselves and their
friends. In the first place, after one has reached the age of forty-
five or fifty, as a rule, the digestive powers are not as keen as they
were, when youth gave zest and vitality to all nature's processes.
In the second place, the body often takes on more flesh after that
period, and less food should be eaten, as flesh soon becomes ab-
normal, which is unsafe, to say the least. The energy is dimin-
ished after fifty, and work and play are not indulged in so strenu-
ously as before, while the digestion is slower and the blood more
sluggish. Consequently, the diet should be carefully selected,
and most carefully eaten.
Most people past the age of fifty would better drop one meal
and get along on two meals a day. Fruit and vegetables should
form the staple articles of diet for both men and women who arc
past the prime of life. It is much better to eat a little meat once a
day than to eat too much bread, sugar, butter, cheese, potatoes,
cream, milk, and fat — all of which are carbonaceous ; and which
fill the system with too much material of one kind. Fruit and veg-
etables should form the staple articles of diet.
Each person has a physical idiosyncrasy peculiar to himself
— he may eat, or may not eat, certain articles of food, which arc
good and all right, in their place, for others.
Pork is not good for anybody at any time, but, if it nuist be
378 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
eaten, let it be eaten in the morning. Beef and mutton are al-
ways nourishing and easy of digestion ; and meat provides so much
variety, both to the young and to the aged, that it should be eaten
once a day, if there are no physical reasons for abstinence. Rice
and cereals, for breakfast, or eggs and toast, with milk or a little
cream, with fruit, makes a good enough breakfast for anyone at
any time. One meat, two vegetables, and a light dessert is suf-
ficient for dinner, after a hard day's work.
Constipation, which might be called the American woman's
universal disease, should be avoided by elderly women, like the
plague. Faith, massage, and diet — all these will help this trouble.
Foods which tax the digestive organs, such as pork, baked beans,
cheese, macaroni, rich pastry, pie, cake, fancy ice-cream, candy
of all kinds, indeed all foods that are difficult of digestion, should
be avoided by women when past the age of fifty.
The most important rule to remember, is to observe regular
habits. If you eat two meals a day, let them be eaten at a regular
time each day. If three meals are partaken of, then let them be
eaten at regular periods. Regularity and restraint are of more
importance than the choice of foods.
Some people are able to digest milk better after they pass
the years of sixty, than when they were in young life, or middle-
age. Milk is a good diet for the aged, if not partaken of in too
great a quantity, or of too rich a quality. Milk should not be
used as a drink at a meal, but should form a part of the meal, as
it is a food. Eggs agree with some people, while others are unable
to eat them. Let each woman find out what simple foods best
agree with her, and then let her eat a light, nourishing diet, and
observe regularity in the eating thereof, avoiding, above all things,
excess in diet.
Be sure and have variety : variety in the foods themselves, in
the preparation of them, and in the serving of food. Go on the
shady porch to serve breakfast or supper, or out under the trees.
Always swat the fly. An occasional meal in a cafeteria provides
"grandma" with an agreeable change.
Clothing. — The clothing of women past fifty should be light,
warm, simple, modest, and above all things, without unnecessary
restriction about the waist. Most elderly people dress too warmly,
and yet, it should be remembered that the vital forces are low-
ered after fifty years, and more clothing is usually required, than
is worn in earlier life.
Baths. — Women past fifty should bathe once or twice a
week. Too frequent bathing is apt to weaken a woman, espe-
cially after the age of fifty. Strong women, who have taken daily
cold baths all their lives, find that after reaching the age of fifty
or sixty this delightful habit must be set aside. However, clean-
liness is surely a part of our religion. Exquisite cleanliness.
GUIDE LESSONS. ol"^
sweetness, and light, belong- to the aged. An aged person should
be kept as clean as a baby. She should look clean, taste clean
and smell sweet and fragrant.
Exercise. — The woman past fifty should exercise as much
as she can conveniently and comfortably. It is not wise to take
too much exercise, nor to work too hard, after reaching this
period. However, there is more danger of too little exercise be-
ing taken, than too much. If a woman has been in the habit of
walking a great deal, that habit can long be continued, as long,
indeed, as she feels it is necessary or comfortable. Working
rarely injures ; it is anxiety, loneliness, self-pity and neglect
which break old folks down.
Domestic work is excellent, both for women under fifty, and
past fifty, until they are old as may be, for the domestic labors
entail so many phases of exercise, that very little other exercise
is required, except the daily walk in the open air. A ride in a
carriage, in an automobile, or even in a street car, is a wonderful
help, and a real pleasure to the person who is past the age of
fifty. Many people have found benefit from regular exercises,
taken regularly ; and yet this habit must be observed with cau-
tion. Unless the person has been accustomed to it for some
years, it is not wise to begin a regular set of exercise after fifty
years is past.
Ventilation. — A good circulation of air should be observed
in the rooms of women who are past fifty. Their breathing organs
require more and better circulation of air, than when they were
young, and exercised more freely. Let those about that age be
sure that rooms are properly ventilated — not too much in cold
weather ; nor by placing the bed of the aged where draught
will blow upon the bed ; nor should they place the chair where
draught will blow upon the body.
Ventilation is a simple matter now-a-days, and nearly every
house can be properly ventilated, so that no draft will occur. The
most delightful modern habit of sleeping out of doors, the year
round, can be usually recommended, both to women past fifty,
as well as to all, of any age. If, however, a woman all her life,
has been shut up in a bedroom, without ventilation, it would be
cruel and unnecessary for grandchildren to insist upon ventilating
her room, according to their modern notions. If the woman has
been happy, comfortable, and healthy, during her years, without
much ventilation, then let her alone. Trying to regulate grand-
mother is neither safe, wise, nor productive of much happiness.
The human body is wonderfully elastic, and accommodates itself to
peculiar habits and to varied climates. Keep the aged clean,
properly fed and cheerful, and thine and their days shall be long
on the land which the Lord thv God giveth to thee.
September Guide Lessons.
LESSON I.
Work and Business
First Week.
. Theology and Testimony.
Second Week.
Note. — It has been decided by the General Board to publish
both the August and September Guide Lessons in this number, so
that our readers and friends may have their lesson work one
month in advance. The October Lesson will appear in the Sep-
tember Magazine.
Genealogy.
Third Week.
Lesson III — Heirship.
Let the class leader begin this lesson with a quiz on the num-
bering lesson which was in the June Guide.
Rule I. — The rule in heirship, for genealogical work, is : The
oldest, living, male representative, who begins the work in the
Temple, is named as the heir of the family.
Exception I. — When the oldest, living male representative
refuses to do the work for the family, or to direct the work being
done, it is permissible, with the consent of the Temple Author-
ities in the district, where the family lives, for the other members
of the family to take up the work, and go on with the same. No
one has a right to stand in the way, and prevent other members
of the family from carrying on the Temple work.
Exception II. — Where a female has begun the work in the
Temple, and her name has appeared at the head of the records as
the heiress, even if her descendants grow to maturity, and wish
to carry forward the Temple work, the name of the female should
be left as the heiress in the family.
Rule II. — When an heir's name has been attached to the
family genealogical work, no change should be made in the heir.
The name should be continued as long as work is done in the
Temple.
Exception I. — It sometimes happens that a man — not the
oldest male representative — who lives in a Temple district, begins
to work for his family, and uses his name as the heir in the family.
GUIDE LESSONS. 381
If he does any amount of work, this name should be continued on
the records, unless otherwise directed by Temple authorities, as
relationship has been counted to this name, and the changing of
the heir would confuse relationship.
The custom followed when Temple work first began to be
done in this generation, was, to change the heir as many times
as the family pleased. This became awkward, because the heir-
ship changing frequently, made the relationship so confusing that
no one could tell where and how to adjust the genealogical dat\».
Rule III. — If the heir dies, the heir's name should not be
changed, unless otherwise directed by the Temple authorities. If
the class will notice, they will see that the heir in the lesson here
given is Brigham Young, dead. Now. as a matter of fact. Brig-
ham Young was not the oldest son of his father. His father,
John Young, joined the Church, and all of John's eleven children
followed him, all of them remaining in the Church until their
deaths. However, Brigham Young was the first one in the fam-
ily who started the Temple work, and his name was attached to
the first record as the heir. Thereupon it was decided by the
authorities of the Church, viz : That the first living male repre-
sentative who begins to work in the Temple, and attaches his
name as the heir to the Temple record, shall be continued as heir
from generation to generation. However, you will notice that
the word "Dead" has been attached to the name of Brigham
Young, so that one knows that it is not a Brigham Young living
at the time the records were made, but the Brigham Young who
is dead.
There is some difficulty with members of families, in regard
to the heirship. It happens at times, that our brethren feel that
there is some loss occurring of prestige or dignity to them, if the
name of "heir" is not attached to them in the records. The heir
in the Priesthood is not always the same as the heir in genealog-
ical work.
Rule IA^. — "WMien any question or doubt arises in the fore-
going matters, submit the same to the President of the Temple.
He is the final arbiter of Temple work in all its phases.
Please refer to your Lesson Book for further elucidation of
this lesson.
Note. — Class leaders are advised to drill the class thoroughly
on the rules before taking up the exceptions.
QUESTIONS.
What can you say about heirship?
Who is the genealogical heir in the family?
What was the ancient custom of heirship among the Israel-
ites?
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GUIDE LESSONS. 383
Give rule No. I.
Why should the name of the heir be always the same?
When may a woman's name be properly used as the heiress ?
Whose duty is it to lead out in Temple work?
If the oldest male representative refuses to step forward.
what shall be done?
To whom should all questions on Temple work be submitted ?
Give all the rules and then the exceptions.
Home Ethics and Art.
ETHICS.
Lesson III. — Reverence for the Aged.
There is a beautiful discipline of the spirit obtained by those
who are taught to show reverence to the aged. Little children
who are encouraged to show grandparents kindness and consider-
ation are more easily taught respect for authority in all degrees
and conditions of life. Reverence for the aged blesses those who
receive and doubly blesses those who show that quality. With
the Japanese, the worship of ancestors is a religion.
Above all people, the Latter-day Saints should cultivate this
charming habit. It is true that some aged people, especially when
they became a little childish, are overly selfish, demand more of
their relatives, and are less easy to please, than at any other
period in their lives. And yet, even so, we who are young, and
have health and strength, cannot show too much attention, too
much kindness to those who have passed the seventieth year
mark.
]\Iost men are considerate of aged women, but few children
are considerate, unless they are trained by wise parents to show
that thoughtfulness to their grandparents in the home. Com-
fortable chairs, warm seats by the fire, the best food at the table
— all these little attentions enhance the value of the characer of
those who show them, and make happier the lives of those who
receive them.
Aged women should not permit themselves to be selfish, and
to insist upon having their "rights." as it might be called, or ex-
pect attention shown them when there is no especial occasion.
Grandmother should remember that the daughters-in-law and
sons-in-law should have an opportunity to . manage their fam-
ilies in their own way. And also, while it is true that the mother
was the pivot of her own home for many years, while she had
one. and has been respected and honored as the "mother of the
home." when she becomes a grandmother, and lives in a daugh-
ter's home, she should gracefully step aside for the new "mother
384 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
in the home," allowing- the younger woman to have her rights
and opportunities. Grandmothers find it quite difficult at times
to accord the daughter the right of training her children, and ad-
ministering the affairs of her household, according to her own
plan. Interference and selfishness on the part of the grandmother
often begets trouble in the home ; while indifference and selfishness
on the part of daughters and children makes very unhappy lives
for the aged. Unselfishness and devotion to each other's interest
— this is perhaps the key-note of happiness in the home, for all
who dwell therein. The modern custom of everybody paying all
attention to the babies and the children, of giving to them all of
the good times, of sacrificing every financial interest in the home
to educate and clothe radiantly the young people in the home has
relegated the older people to the background, and grandma is
almost shoved out of sight.
You mothers and grandmothers who read this article, please
remember that you should invite kindness and consideration to-
wards yourselves by your own thoughtful treatment of all others
in your household. 'Remember that grandchildren are noisy if
healthy, rude if untaught, and their little ways and oddities must
be considered as trifles in your eyes.
Remember grandmother's birthday. Grandmother will for-
get and forgive many things in the home if she is remembered on
her birthday. If little presents are prepared for her, the children
taught to bring her flowers, and to gather about her knees and
express the love and affection which they feel for her. She will
be happy for a month on such attentions.
Grandmother should not be forgotten when excursions are
taken. Little parties given for grandmother make the rest of the
year very pleasant indeed ; while she will treasure up all the lit-
tle words and actions of those who have been about her on some
excursion, and if they have expressed kindliness of feeling, and if
they have shown her the attentions that are her due, it will cheer
and brighten the long coming hours when she sits unnoticed while
the rushing streams of life flow past her forgotten corner.
There is a very delightful custom established in the seating
of the big Tabernacle in Salt Lake City. Most of the front
benches are reserved, apparently, for the aged and infirm ; and
here they gather, their tired old hands folded, their beautiful
white heads and their dim historic eyes lifted expectantly to
the speaker in the pulpit ; the sight is. one which strikes every
stranger, as a beautiful one, indeed. The aged, brought forward,
instead of being crowded in the back of the meetinghouse — this
custom might well be followed by every congregation in our
Church.
Pay grandpa and grandma an occasional compliment. Recall
GUIDE LESSONS. 385
the brave and noble actions of grandfather on some special occa-
sion; joke grandmother about her youthful grace, beauty and
popularity. Teach the children to see beauty and holiness in
grey hair and bent shoulders ; teach them to express love and
admiration for the aged ones, not forgetting to notice the hand-
some new suit grandpa wears and the charming new bonnet on
grandma's white tresses. All these little personal tributes brighten
life more than we can ever guess.
Teach and practice reverence for the aged, in' looks, words
and actions.
HELPFUL QUIZ. SUGGESTIONS.
Invite various ones in the room to relate pleasing incidents of
their own experience. Read the fifth commandment.
ART.
Lesson IX.
Study the life and sculpture of Cyrus E. Dallin {Devotees
and Their Sliriiics, pp. 95-99.
(a) Where and by whom was the artist Dallin discovered?
(b) Where was his first work exhibited?
(c) What studio did he first enter?
(d) What work did he accomplish in Boston?
(e) What honors did he receive in Paris?
(f) What honors came in the Columbian Exposition?
(g) From what cities did he receive oflfers for statuary- for
public parks?
(h) What beautiful sculptures represent his work in Utali ?*
(i) Why are we so proud of Dallin?
(j) How does he stand in our State ,\rt, National Art, antl
International Art?
(k) Describe his Angel "Moroni," on the Salt Lake Tem-
ple.
(1) Describe the Pioneer Monument.
(m) Describe the Soldiers and Sailors Monument, at Syra-
cuse, N. Y.
(n) Describe one of Dallin's Indian sculptures.
(o) His early associations with Indian life no doubt greatly
aided him in a successful portrayal of Indian themes. How much
of Dallin's fame has come from these Indian subjects?
(p) W^hy was Dallin so persistent in his devotion to his
gift? ■ • . -
(q) God has also given you a talent — are you making the
most of it? .\nd how are you making the most of it? If }'Ou arc
386 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
not making- the most of it, why are you not ? What could you do
to more fully realize yourself? Have you a friend or a little
child, who loves to sculp? Name him.
(r) What is a talent or gift, and from whence does it come?
QUESTIONS TO STIMULATE HOME ART STUDY.
Wliich is better, to teach a gifted child what you know, or
discover what he can do?
How are you going to discover an artist in your own home
circle ?
Which is better training for a future artist, to lead him to
discover a thing of beauty in a picture, or to find something beau-
tiful in Nature?
If you ignore a gift of one of your children, to what extent
will be his loss ? Your loss ? The loss of society ?
What did John Hafen like best to paint? What would you
like to paint?
Why did not Hafen stop painting when reduced to poverty?
Why was he one of the happiest of men. in spite of his poverty?
The one thing we need today is to be big enough to be just
t(^ those with whom we disasfree. — Martha H. Stricklev.
RELIEF SOCIETY
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IN THE DAY TIME
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Reno and the Truckee River Canyon
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Over the Summit and by St. Mary's Lake
Along the Shore of Historic Donner Lake
Along the Rim of the American River Canyon, Where the River
Glistens Three Thousand Feet Below
Down the Foot Hills Through Vineyards and Orchards
Through Sacramento, Crossing Carquinez Straights on the Largest
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Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Wasitch 207 67 E. South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
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Relief Society Headquarters or
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
HOME OFFICE:
VERMONT BUILDING. SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
Questions for the September
art lesson will appear in our
August number.
All active members and art super-
visors should send to us for the
art reference book
Devotees and
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Capital, $250,000. Member of
Salt Lake Clearing House.
John Pingree, Prest. ; Chas. B.
Kaiser, V. P.; A. H. Peabody,
Cashier. Cor. Main and 3rd
So., Salt Lake City, Utah.
%
V=
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IT is tlie purpose
of this Bank at
all times to render
helpful service and
make the handling
of your hanking
business satisfactory and pleasant.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK
Your Account is Cordialljr Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH. Pre..
IB
"Mutual Made"
BUnERS
Two brands: "Blanchard" and
"Four-in-One. They're as su-
perior to the "usual run" of but-
ters as cream is to milk. You'll
bear us out in this when you
commence using them,
d
MUTUAL CREAMERY
COMPANY
H Creameries in 7 States.
Autliorized Capital, $3,000,000.
Annual Butter Output, 8,000,000
pounds
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
tive and moderate-priced articles
for rent or purchase, for use in
the Temple, should apply to
Relief Society Headquarters,
Room 29, Bishop's Bldg.
SUMMER EXCURSIONS VIA
The following ratei apply from Salt Lake City
EAST WEST
Denver $22.50
Colorado Springs 22.50
Omaha 40.00
Kansas City 40.00
St. Louis •. . . 51.20
Memphis 59.85
Chicago 56.50
Minneapolis 53.85
Correspondingly low rates to many
other points.
SALE DATES— May 15, 19, 22, 26,
29; June 2, 5, 9, 12, 16, 19, 23, 26 and
30; July 7, 14, 21, 28; August 4, 11, 18,
25; September 1, 8, 15.
LIMIT— October 31.
STOPOVERS
DIVERSE ROUTES
Portland $37.00
Seattle 44.50
Tacoma 42.80
San Francisco, via Ogden 35.00
do. one way via Los
Angeles 35.00
do. one way via Port-
land 53.50
Los Angeles, via So. Pacific... 40.00
do. one way via Salt
Lake Route . . . 35.00
do. one way via Port-
land 62.50
Side trip rate Los Angeles to San
Diego and return via rail $5.00, and
via steamer $4.00, in connection with
circuit tour tickets.
Tickets on sale daily to November
30, 1915, inclusive.
LIMIT, three months from date of
sale, but not to exceed December 31,
1915.
NORTH
Excursions to northern Utah and
Idaho points, May 22; June 5, 19;
.July 2, 3, 17, 23, 24, 31; August 14, 28;
September 11, 25.
Proportionately low rates from other O. S. L. stations. See agents.
CITY TICKET OFFICE. HOTEL UTAH
UTAH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
Mothers, educate your daughters — and sons — to become invaluable
assets to the State and to the Nation.
Girls, prepare yourselves for ideal wives and mothers, by securing
an education in Housekeeping and Home-making at The Agricultural
College of the State of Utah.
Vol. II
SEPTEMBER, 1915
No. 9
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
Genealogical Number
J)
r)
a; in h.
i: nj- -
UK u
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
ROOM 29. BISHOPS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
$1.00 a Year— Single Copy 10c
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This ad. will redeem 1 0 per cent, on purchases at regulai price.
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When WE Make Your Por-
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The Thomas
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Phone Was. 3491 44MainSt.
Two Books that Every L. D.
S. Family Should Have
The L. D. S. Family and Individ-
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Authorities, in which to enter the
most important events and dates in
the histories of families and individ-
uals. Price $1.25 postpaid.
Family Record of Temple Work
for the Dead. $L25 and upward.
Write for Sample Pages, Free
Deseret News Book Store
PLAN YOUR GARDEN NOW
You will find our Seed and Nursery Guide Book the most valuable assist-
ant in telling you just what is worth while to plant in this climate.
This book contains 112 pages fully illustrated just brimful of the
information needed by every planter of Seeds, Plants, Shrubs, Roses and
Trees. By securing it you will get the benefit of the thousands of ex-
periments carried on at our Centerville Trials Grounds, and this alone
is worth Dollars. You are entitled to a free copy of this valuable book.
Mention this paper and write for it today.
PORTER-WALTON CO.
Seed and Nursery Specialists for U. S. A. SALT LAKE
The Relief Society Magazine
Owned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
SEPTEMBER. 1915.
International Genealogical Congress at the Panama-Pacific
Exposition Susa Young Gates 389
The "Selfishness" of Jacob and Rachel Nephi Anderson 403
In the Kitchen Laboratory Hazel Love Dunford 407
A Prince of Ur . . ! Homespun 409
Notes from the Field Amy B. Lyman 417
Current Topics .- James H. Anderson 419
Editorial 420
Guide Lessons 423
Clothing for Women Past Forty The Two Sarahs 429
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist.
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., Vermont Building, Salt Lake City.
CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DAYNES-BEEBE MUSIC CO., 45 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DEVOTEES AND THEIR SHRINES.
KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 55 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS. Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 242
South Main, Salt Lake City.
MERCHANTS' BANK, Third South and Main St., Salt Lake City.
MUTUAL CHEAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO.. UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street
Salt Lake City.
SUPPLIES FOR TEMPLE USES.
THOMAS, Photographer.
OTAH STATE NATIONAL -^BANK, Salt Lake City.
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Lake Qty.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City. ,
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING
THE COMMITTEE OF RELIEF SOCIETY SCHOOL OF OB-
STETRICS AND NURSING AND PUBLIC HEALTH WORK is
pleased to announce the opening of the TWELFTH RELIEF SOCIETY
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING on Monday, September
20th, 1915, under the direction of the General Board of Relief Society.
School term eight months.
Course A — Entrance fee for the course in Obstetrics, which includes
nursing and invalid cooking — $50.00.
Course B — Entrance fee for course in Nursing, which includes invalid
cooking— $25.00.
Course C — At intervals during the school year, lectures on Public
Health, Prevention and Treatment of Diseases, etc., will be given by emi-
nent physicians, surgeons, and specialists. No charge.
Course D — A class in Invalid Cooking will be conducted by experts;
no extra charge for students taking other courses.
Instructor, DR. MARGARET C. ROBERTS.
Dr. Roberts has successfully conducted our School of Nurses nine
school years, graduating over 300 Relief Society nurses. The work done
by these ministering angels furnishes an ideal of true Relief Society ser-
vice.
Dr Roberts has for over 20 years, conducted private classes in ob-
stetrics, but this year, we are gratified to announce the class in Obstetrics
will be under our own supervision. Dr. Roberts' graduates in Obstretrics
have invariably passed successful examinations before the Utah State
Medical Board. For further information, write to the Secretary of the
Committee, Elizabeth S. Wilcox, Relief Society Headquarters, Bishop's
Building, Salt Lake City.
PRISCILLA P. JENNINGS, Chairman.
EttablUhed I860 Incorporated 1908
S. M. TAYLOR & CO.
UNDERTAKERS AND
EMBALMERS
SUCCESSORS TO
JOSEPH E. TAYLOR
The Pioneer Undertaker of the We«t
33 years in one location
251-253-255-257 EAST FIRST SOUTH ST.
SALT LAKE CITY. UTAH
EFFICIENT SERVICE
MODERN METHODS COMPLETE EQUIPMENT
From Beyond the Gates.
By Lily.
Unearthly prison doors that shut
My soul within your fold,
Both near and far, your leaves unbar.
Death may not always hold.
Lift up your gates, O paradise,
And let my Savior in.
My awful fear for ages here
Pays tribute unto sin.
The light, the light, I see the light —
Come blessed Savior, now,
My soul to save ; beneath the wave
My children's children bow.
My children's hearts turn back to me,
I hear their tender cry ;
For them my care, my hourly prayer
Ascends with love on high.
O blessed saviors on the Mount,
How sweet your tidings be
For peace awaits within the gates
To crown and comfort me.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. SEPTEMBER, 1915. No. 9
International Genealogical Congress
at the Panama-Pacific Exposition.
By Susa Young Gates.
The assembly of genealogists, convened in San Francisco in
July, 1915, known as the International Genealogical Congress, has
passed into history.
The story of the Utah Genealogical special, which carried 271
officers and delegates from the Utah Genealogical Society, and
from the Relief Society, has likewise passed into the annals of
this state.
The official report and minutes of the Congress will appear in
the October number of The Utah Genealogical Magazine, but this
Magazine will here record some phases of the work and the
trip, which may not be given in the official report.
Much preliminary correspondence and work was performed
by the committees who had charge of the arrangement for our
gathering in San Francisco. Those who labored to make this
great excursion and Congress a success received their reward in
the results thereof.
Friday afternoon, 4 o'clock, July 22, the Genealogical excur-
sion left Salt Lake City. The President's private car preceded
the Excursion Party proper, going on the regular train one hour
earlier, as they did not wish to make our stop-overs. In the
President's car were President Joseph F. Smith, President Anthon
H. Lund, President Charles W. Penrose, Mrs. Mary S. Smith,
Dr. Romania B. Penrose and Mrs. Julia B. Nibley. They
registered at the Palace Hotel on reaching San Francisco and took
an active interest and part in the work of the Congress. The
Excursion party found the trip over the Lucin Cut Off and
the moutnains very delightful. The Sacramento Valley was
sultry in the extreme, and the company were somewhat breathless
390 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
and moist; but when we arrived at the Coast, the usual chill air
revived our spirits, and San Francisco was reached in comfort.
The ride across the Bay was delightful, especially to those who
had never taken this trip before. The party was met at San
Francisco by President Joseph L. Robinson, and other Utahns,
and were finally distributed in the Clark, Eddy, Windsor, the
United States and other hotels. All of these hotels were near to-
gether, and not far from the Auditorium, in the Civic Center.
Some members of the party attended the concert given by
the Ogden Choir in Festival Hall, inside the Exposition Grounds
that evening, and listened with delight to the fine singing of the
Choir, the charming solo work of Professor J. J. McClellan, the
masterly accompaniment of the Exposition Orchestra, under the
direction of Mr. George Hagerman, and especially enjoyed the
beautiful singing of Miss Emma Lucy Gates, the Utah prima
donna.
On Saturday, the 24th of July, most of the party spent the
morning in the Exposition Grounds until the exercises of Utah
Day began at the Utah Building.
The Panama-Pacific Exposition is the greatest of all World
Fairs. It is doubtless the last universal exposition that will be
held in this generation, and it is fitting that it should excel all
others, and round out the history of expositions with as perfect a
presentation of human activities, as mortals may devise. Every
feature of displayed industry and each factor of beauty, that have
characterized other world fairs are encompassed in this Exposi-
tion, and many new and lovely ideas are added.
The most wonderful phase of the whole Exposition is the
completeness of conception, and the perfection of accomplishment.
The arrangement of the grounds, with the magnificent courts is
beautiful beyond description. The massive outlines, gorgeous
color-schemes, wondrous details, are so perfect in their art that no
one thing offends the eye, or seizes the imagination to the exclu-
sion of any other. The labor of grouping and adjusting human
interests as expressed in the eight hundred congresses here con-
vened and convening, is a marvel of mortal intelligence. It is
intellectual specialization carried to its most perfect limit.
Individual tastes would necessarily emphasize varying features
of the Fair, but a very general verdict claims the superiority of the
Fine Arts exhibit, the Canadian exhibit, the French Building and
interesting features of what is known as the "Zone."
All of the world fairs have had varying entertainments and
"side-shows" featured. At Chicago Fair, the division was
called the Midway Plaisance ; in St. Louis it was called The Pike,
and at San Diego it is known as the Isthmus.
The Zone at the Panama-Pacific Exposition is on the same
INTERNATIONAL GENEALOGICAL CONGRESS. 391
high plane of excellence as the rest of the Fair. Some features
were truly educative. For instance, the Panama Canal and
Isthmus shown in an immense Relief Map, was illuminated and
illustrated with phonographic lectures, to those who sat on a mov-
ing platform surrounding the panorama. The Creation was an-
other wondrous development of film art, which was both scientific
and beautiful. The Union Pacific delineation of Yellowstone
Park, with its replica of the Old Faithful Inn and its excellent
cafe was another interesting feature. Mexican, Hawaiian, and
Indian Buildings were replete with information and demonstra-
tions.
The cars that traveled back and forth with queer little Ford
engines, and the wicker, self-propelling, double chairs were con-
venient adjuncts to the weary traveler who had miles to walk, in
order to see the various phases of the Fair. The color scheme
of the buildings was exquisitely beautiful, while the floral acces-
sories seemed too perfect and lovely to be created in the year
or so which marked their growth. The situation of the Fair
Grounds on the blue waters of the Bay, with five Men of War
frowning in the near distance, made a picture that will never be
forgotten by those who visited the Fair. Taken as a whole, a
wordless pleasure, and an aesthetic, voiceless appreciation marks
the perfect achievement which San Francisco and California have
made possible.
A practical phase of our experience at the Fair was in the
reasonable hotel rates, and the equally reasonable restaurant ac-
commodations which we found everywhere. Some of our party
have traveled all over the world, and they were unanimous in de-
claring that no cheaper and better hotel accommodations, no
richer and more palatial hotel possibilities are found on the globe
than are seen in San Francisco. While no other restaurants in
Europe or America have presented better cooked food at more
moderate rates, with a better choice of viands than are found in
the California cafes and cafeterias.
Inside as well as without the Exposition Grounds this truth
holds good. San Francisco surely made ready for a great influx
of visitors. It seemed to us that in the business districts, every
building that was not a hotel was a cafe or apartment house.
The exercises of Utah Day — the 24th of July — were held on
the porch and grounds of the Utah Building, which building is at
the extreme end of the grounds, facing the Massachusettes Build-
ing, and near the Canada Building. Theere was a large audience,
some of whom were luckily seated inside the roped enclosure,
while thousands stood patiently in the cold wind until all of the
exercises were over. Besides Governor William Spry and the
state officials, with the Exposition officials, there were grouped on
392 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the porch, President Joseph F. Smith, President Anthon H. Lund,
President Chas. W. Penrose, Bishop Chas. W. Nibley, with their
wives, President EmmeHne B. Wells, Dr. Romania B. Penrose,
Mrs. William Spry, Mrs. Wedgewood, Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman,
Mrs. Janette A. Hyde, Elder Joseph F. Smith, Jr., and wife, Mrs.
Annie Wells Cannon, and other prominent ladies, and gentle-
men.
The exercises were pleasing, and the speakers were eloquent.
President Joseph F. Smith added a fine dignity to the occasion,
and indeed dominated the assembly by reason of his position, as
the leader of God's people here on earth. His speech, closing with
a benediction upon the people of California, and those who had
made the Fair a possibility, was eloquent indeed.
The Sabbath day was passed quietly by the party, most of
them attending morning and evening services and listening to re-
marks by the First Presidency.
On Monday occurred the reception tendered by the Genealog-
ical Society of Utah and the National Womans' Relief Society,
to the Officials of the Exposition and to visiting delegates of the
International Congress of Genealogy. The reception was success-
ful in every way. At the head of the receiving line stood President
Joseph F. Smith, supported by Presidents Anthon H. Lund and
Chas. W. Penrose, Director James A. Barr, President Em-
meHne B. Wells, Dr. Romania B. Penrose, Elder Joseph F. Smith,
Jr., Bishop Joseph Christenson, Nephi Anderson, Miss Lillian
Cameron, and Mrs. Elizabeth C. McDonald. The hostesses of the
afternoon who received the visitors and introduced them, to the
guests of honor were Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune, Mrs. Susa
Young Gates. Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman, Mrs. Janette A. Hyde,
Mrs. W. J. Leatham, Mrs. Jessie Penrose Jones, and Mrs. W. J.
Leatham.
The young ladies who presided at the refreshment table were
Miss Sarah McClelland, Miss Edna May Davis, Miss Emily Smith,
Miss Edith Smith, Miss Luette Brown, Misses Florence and
Augusta Ivins, Golda Hyde and Sarah Burton.
Music was furnished by the Cadet Band, and among the
honored visitors were Bishop Charles W. Nibley, Governor Wm.
Spry, General Wedgewood, Mayor Samuel C. Park, Commis-
sioner Frank L. Brown, Mrs. Lora W.' Underbill, and many
others, too numerous to mention.
Tuesday, July 27, was Utah Genealogical day, and all of our
party gathered early at Room F, in the Third Floor of the Audi-
torium Building. Again the Utah party were honored, and hap-
pily surprised with the presence of Director James A. Barr who
left his many duties to come and greet the Utah Society on that
INTERNATIONAL GENEALOGICAL CONGRESS. 393
auspicious occasion. The program for the Utah Day was as fol-
lows :
DEMONSTRATION OF CLASS INSTRUCTION IN GENEALOGY.
Tuesday, July 27th, 1915
10 a. m.
Invocation
Lesson:
(a) Sources of Information
(b) Methods of Recording
2 p. ni.
Lesson:
(a) Approximation of Dates
(b) Numbering
(c) Work in the Library
Instructors:
Nephi Anderson
Mrs. Susa Young Gates
EVENING PROGRAM.
?;lvo!^tion .Dr^Emmeline R. Wells
President National Woman's Relief bociety
Address of Welcome . Anthon H. Lund
President Genealogical Society of Utah
Address: Utah as a Mtling Pot .Joseph F Smith, Jr.
Secretary-Treasurer Genealogical Society of Utah
Pioneer Reminiscences President Joseph F. Smith
Historical Sketch of the Genealogical Society of Utah. .......... .^
Chas. W. Penrose
Vice-President Genealogical Society of Utah
Son<^- "O Ye Mountains High" Emma Lucy Gates
Report of Genealogical Extension Work in the Relief Society^^^. .... •
....Elzabeth C McLune
Benediction ■.■.■.■.■.■.■.■.■. v. ■■■■■■. ■■.■•■•■■■.■.■ Heber J. Grant
The evening; session was marked by a crowded house. Many
strangers and friends unable to get chairs, stood through the
whole of the program. The full proceedings will be printed
in the Utah Genealogical Magazine.
Pioneer Reminiscences, by President Joseph F. Smith, were
replete with vivid incidents and attractive stories. President
Lund presided in his own dignified and gracious manner, which
encompassed every one present with its genial radiance.
President Penrose gave a succinct and interesting history
of the Utah Genealogical Society, Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
read the report of the 'extension work in the Relief Society, which
rounded out the program with satisfactory completeness.
The singing of Emma Lucy Gates was. as always, beautiful
and appropriate". Few of our even ordinary vocalists would do
what this great singer did that night— sing without any accom-
394 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
paniment of piano or instrument. Her reputation artistically and
morally did not suffer from her generous action.
The International Congress of Genealogy which opened the
next morning in the same hall was crowded and enthusiastic.
The Address of Welcome given by President Henry Byron Phil-
lips, and responded to by Joseph F. Smith, Jr., was peculiarly
interesting to us. Utah was honored in the choice of our young
apostle, and he rose supremely to the occasion ; while we felt
that California was likewise honored in the apt and happy choice
of him. The program for the Congress will be printed in its
entirety in the Utah Genealogical Magazine.
Among the very notable papers presented during the three
meetings of the Congress was one on Chinese Genealogy, by Kiang
Shao Chuan Kang-Hu, a cultured Chinese of the California Uni-
versity. It was a marvelous unfolding of the conditions concern-
ing pedigrees and genealogical keeping amongst this little known,
and yet ancient people. Going back 6,000 or 8,000 years, pedi-
grees are religiously kept by all families of the better classes. The
genealogist is chosen from the clan once in thirty years, and is
maintained by his labors. He keeps and records each birth, death
and marriage of the whole clan. Twelve hundred years before
Christ each head of clan was compelled to frame a verse.
The members of that clan all took the first word of that
verse as a middle name. The second generation all took
the second word, the third generation the third, and so on down.
That explains why nearly all Chinamen are "cousins." One can
tell the clan and the generation of any particular Chinaman if one
knows his clan verse. Surnames were given much as in America.
Two other papers which discovered vast possibilities of gen-
ealogical import in strange peoples were those on the Hawaiian .
and Maori races.
Another deeply interesting paper was the Relation of Eu-
genics to Genealogy by the editor of the Eugenics Magazine.
The closing paper was given by Frank L. Wilcox on the "Re-
lation of Genealogy to Human Affairs," and this too was inter-
esting and full of suggestions.
The Congress took upon itself the permanent title of the
International Genealogical Federation, after much discussion and
comment.
Another action was the decision to make the Utah Gene-
alogical Magazine for October the ofificial number for the Con-
gress. Therein will be printed all of the proceedings and papers
in full, illustrated with the pictures of the Congress.
Two standing committees were formed — one on Permanent
Organization and the other on Legislative Action. Utah was
represented on these, as on all other committees. Mr. Josepli
INTERNATIONAL GENEALOGICAL CONGRESS. 395
F. Smith, Jr., and Mrs. Susa Young Gates were both given places
in the temporary and permanent committees.
One of the most striking and interesting events in con-
nection with our Congress was the presentation by the Fair of-
ficials, of bronze medals to President Anthon H. Lund, who repre-
sented the Genealogical Society of Utah, and to President Em-
meline B. Wells who represented the Relief Society. Mrs. Em-
meline B. Wells was in her tenderest mood ; she told of the fact
that the very first carload of flour which reached stricken San
Francisco eight years ago came from the Relief Society of Utah.
Another carload sped to the Mississippi sufferers, and one to
distant China. Large sums and supplies had been sent to Eng-
land recently. The touching quality and pathos of Mrs. Wells'
remarks brought tears to the eyes of Commissioner Chas. A.
\'os:elsang.
MEDAL PRESENTED TO THE RELIEF SOCIETY.
President Lund referred to the work of the Utah Gene-
alogical Society. He tactfully told the commissioner that the
"Mormon" people had raised about $37,000 in one day's contribu-
tion, which was distributed to our poor, without discrimination, in
Germany, Switzerland, Austria, France and Great Britain. The
presentation ceremonies took place Thursday afternoon at 4:30, in
the reception room of the Utah Building.
Several family reunions were held during the Utah week —
396
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
in particular the Kimball Famiy, which was interesting and de-
lightful. There is a large Kimball Association in California, of sev-
eral hundred members who meet frequently to read papers, and
enjoy social intercourse. At their meeting in the Inside Inn, they
were presented with a bronze medal, by the Fair officials. A num-
ber of informal talks were made, and original poems read. Mrs.
Susa Young Gates was invited to speak in behalf of the Kimball
Family of Utah, and she delineated the lofty characteristics, the
high courage, the genial humor and wit, the companionable quality
of the characters of the Kimballs of Utah, giving greeting to Cali-
fornia in behalf of the many descendants of that great pioneer —
Heber Chase Kimball.
REVERSE SIDE OF THE MEDAL PRESENTED TO THE RELIEF SOCIETY.
The Frost, Rice, Starr and Young families held gatherings
during this week, as well as the Jewetts, and other family lines.
A number of luncheons were given for the Utah people. A
beautiful auto trip was tendered by Miss Carlie Inez Tomlinson,
who is the charming Corresponding Secretary of the Congress,
to President Emmeline B. Wells, Susa Young Gates, and Mrs.
Lora A. W. Underbill of Boston. The circuit of San Francisco
and Golden Gate Park was made in this trip. Mrs. Janette A.
INTERNATIONAL GENEALOGICAL CONGRESS. 397
Hyde was entertained at luncheon by the Presidential Party,
August 1st, in the Palace Hotel. A luncheon was given by Mr.
George J. Jewett to the delegates of the New England Genealogical
Society, and Mrs. Lora A. W. Underbill, Mr. Joseph F. Smith,
Jr., and Susa Young Gates occupied one table at this luncheon.
Thursday evening the Congress was received by the California
Genealogical Society in the Red Room of the Fairmont Hotel.
The beautiful rooms were decorated with tropical flowers, and re-
freshments were served. All of the officials were in the receiving
line, and our Utah party were happy in meeting in social converse
tbe guests and officials present. An interesting feature of the
event was the exhibit of the California Genealogical Society in the
library of the hotel. The exhibit was not large — all of the
former collections being destroyed in the San Francisco fire, eight
years ago. The quality and rarity of many of the books and
charts attracted universal attention.
Among those whose names should be engraved upon the
tablets of memory, and written in the history of this wonderful
Congress, should appear first. President Henry Byron Phillips,
than whom, no more courteous gentleman, better official, and more
scholarly author took part in the proceedings. Next would be
named Mr. Ora E. Monnette, whose magnetic personality and
splendid organizing ability focused action and promoted system
and order. Dr. Alvin Plummer was an inspiration to all who
were priveleged to listen to him, or meet him in private in-
tercourse. Hon. Boutwell Dunlap possesses a fund of schol-
arly information, and a quality of enthusiasm which carried
conviction, and won his point for him nearly every time. Mention
should be made of Mr. Thos. Edward Bond, Treasurer of the Con-
gress, who successfully met all calls upon his commandeering
ability. The real gem of the assembly was brilliant, delightful,
modest little Sarah Louise Kimball, the Corresponding Secretary^
of the California Society, who was eyes, ears, and hands of the'
Congress, from beginning to end.
Mr. Frank H. Pettingell of Los Angeles, the permanent
Chairman of the Congress, presided with a vigor and grace that
won admiration from all sides. Miss Carlie Inez Tomlinson who
was the organizing secretary of the Congress is fair to look upon,
and exceedingly intelligent and gracious. Mrs. Walter Damon
Mansfield, a lady in her own right, was a capable representative of
the Society of London Genealogists. She was both handsome and
dignified. Mr. Chas. Edward Heald made a brilliant secretary
and ably seconded the chairman in expediting work and keeping
the snap and sparkle in the daily programs.
Saturday, July 31st, was a day set apart for the Liter-
national Genealogical Federation to receive their badge from
398 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the Panama-Pacific Exposition officials, and although but few of
our party were present, the remarks of President Henry Byron
Phillips, in accepting the badge, should be recorded here :
"The preservation of family history is more than a mere col-
lection of names for the purpose of forming a pedigree. It has
come to be regarded as one of the most important parts of the
history of a people. The historian realizes that the genealogical
history of the people is an important portion of modern history.
Genealogy is a guide to right living. No man knows himself
so well but that he may learn more by scanning the lives of his
progenitors.
"Looking at the subject in a lofty way, the study of genealogy
teaches us so to live and develop latent forces for good that we
may be able to make our ancestors famous as the progenitors of
illustrious men and women."
The Utah party left San Francisco that same morning, aug-
mented by nearly a hundred friends and associates who accom-
panied us on the trip to San Diego Fair.
The first stop made by the Utah Party was at the Big
Trees, our train being switched ofif on a side-track, which took
us right to the Big Trees themselves. One-half hour was spent
hurrying around the vast enclosure which contains so many of
these marvelous trees of the primeval forest. Learning that the
great people who have passed that way, have had trees named for
them, the party united in a request to have a tree named Emmeline
B. Wells, and it was done. There are trees named after
Grant, Sheridan, Lincoln, Roosevelt, and nearly all of the famous
people of the United States. From here, we were taken to Santa
Cruz, which is directly on the ocean ; and here we found a pavilion
on the shore, with many of the features of Saltair attractions, on
a smaller scale. The Beach was beautiful, and some of our party
went in bathing. But that which pleased us most was the atten-
tion paid to our party by the ladies' clubs and the Commercial Club
of that fair city. The ladies brought tubfulls of flowers and pre-
sented each of our party with an immense boquet of gladiolas,
igeraniums, Shasta daisies, gardenias, etc. The Commercial Club
sent down postal cards for everybody, with some of the charming
scenes of the town thereon. We were very grateful for this
courtesy, and shall ever remember Santa Cruz as one of the
brightest spots in our travels.
Arriving in Los Angeles early in the morning, most of the
party were taken to the headquarters of our Mission, where
everybody was made welcome. The party gathered in the Church
for morning service', and several of the most noted visitors spoke
to the Assembly.
INTERNATIONAL GENEALOGICAL CONGRESS. 399
Sunday evening, we again boarded the train, landing in San
Diego early next morning. The Fair was our goal, and while this
beautiful exhibit is not equal to the vast one at San Francisco,
still everything was highly interesting and satisfactory — especially
were we pleased with the Utah Exhibit, and building at this Fair.
Instead of being simply a place where friends are received and reg-
istered, this building contains agricultural exhibits of the highest
class. It is conceded that no fruit from any state equals in size
or flavor that grown in Utah. We met Miss Littlefield, and Mrs.
Ellis, who are hostesses of the building; and they were very
gracious and cordial to all of our party.
Some of the party rode out to Coronado Beach, and enjoyed
an hour's ocean bathing. Those who were not venturesome enough
to go into the water, wandered on the Beach, gathering shells, and
some even pulled ofif their shoes and stockings and waded in the
ocean. Others went to the fine old hacienda, known as Ramona;
this place was most interesting, not only as the romantic spot where
Ramona was married to her young lover, but because of the
many relics of ancient times, which have been preserved here. The
old stage coach, old bed, chairs, tables, and all sorts of utensils
and dishes, were interesting indeed, while the growth of tropical
trees and flowers in the court was a picture in itself.
Taking the train that evening, we reached Los Angeles early
on the morning of August 3. Here the party were taken in seeing
cars all through the beach towns of Santa Monica, Venice, Long
Beach, and other suburbs of Los Angeles.
When the train left the Los Angeles depot, at 4 o'clock p. m.,
we had lost about half of our party, some of whom remained over
for a day or two, others for longer, perhaps. We were loth to
part with our friends, but reached San Francisco early on the
morning of August 4th. The party were taken at once across the
city to the ferry station, where they boarded one of the Southern
Pacific steamers, which ply up the Sacramento River, daily. The
ride was cool and delightful, and a new experience for some of
the travelers. In the afternoon they all gathered on one side of
the deck, and sang hymns and original rhymes, with considerable
wit and humor shown in the wording thereof.
That evening at midnight, the party were once more taken
aboard cars at Sacramento, and the trip for the mountains began.
The next day being the last day, a great deal of innocent fun
was projected, and carried through by the musicians and fun
makers of the crowd. The day was perhaps the pleasantest of all
which occurred on the trip, and all who were privileged to be
present, enjoyed the happy spirit of the occasion with whole hearts.
The early morning of August 6, saw the party stationed in
400 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Salt Lake City, where goodbyes were said, and the last hour of
the voyage had passed into memory.
The account of this trip would not be complete without the
mention of the gentleman who had charge of the traveling ar-
rangements, and who accompanied the party everywhere — Mr.
Charles L. McFaul, who is the district freight and passenger
agent of the Southern Pacific Railway ; he left no stone unturned
to give happiness and pleasure to those under his care. His-
familiarity with California and its history and his willngness to
give information at all times were highly appreciated by all. His
handsome young son was an attractive feature of the latter part
of the trip, for his gentlemanly solicitude and his courteous as-
sistance were the exact duplication of his father.
Mr. McFaul's assistant — Mr. Maurice Tanner — is one of our
own "Mormon" boys, and his untiring courtesy and efficient zeal
were of valuable assistance to all concerned.
It is a remarka1)le thing that all three of the Presidents of
the Church were present at this Congress, and took part therein.
Likewise, there were Apostles Heber J. Grant, Joseph F. Smith,
Jr., Dr. James E. Talmage, Bishop Chas. W. Nibley. All of these,
with their wives, constituted a bulwark of strength and power
unparalleled in like occasions. President Emmeline B. Wells, and
President Joseph F. Smith were both with us. It would seem that
she and President Joseph F. Smith are the last two links between
the founding of this Church, in official relations, and the present
time. Both were in Nauvoo when the Prophet Joseph instituted
the practice of baptism for the dead, and Mrs. Wells took part in
that initial ceremony in the Mississippi river.
President Emmeline B. Wells enjoyed every moment of her
trip, went everywhere that anybody else went, saw everN-thing that
anybody else saw. and put to the blush many of the younger mem-
bers of the ])arty. with her faithfulness and her untiring activity.
One of the pleasant features of the evening session for Utah Day,
was the visit of Mrs. Kate Waller Barratt, President of the Na-
tional Council of Women, Mrs. Ida Husted Harper, biographer of
Susan B. Anthony, and one of the greatest women journalists in
America ; Mrs. Johnson, the sculptor, who has modeled most of the
great women of America. These ladies attended the service in
order to pay their respects to Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells, and Mrs.
Gates, and to listen to [Miss Emma Lucy Gates sing.
No finer, more intelligent company ever left this state. They
were truly representative. It was indeed a goodly company.
The following members were present in the party:
President Emmeline B. Wells, Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune,
Mrs. Janette A. Hyde, Mrs. Susa Young Gates, Mrs. Amy Brown
Lyman, Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas, Mrs. Lizzie Felt, Mrs. Lillian
INTERNATIONAL GENEALOGICAL CONGRESS. 401
Knight, Miss Edith Smith, Miss Emily Smith, Miss Carrie
Patrick, Miss EHzabeth Patrick, Miss Florence Ivins, Miss
Augusta Ivins, Miss Golda Hyde, Miss Sarah Burton,
Miss Edna May Davis, Miss Sarah McLelland, Mrs. An-
nie Wells Cannon, Miss Phoebe Harding, Ad^iss Prudence
Brown, Miss Edna M. Wadsworth, Mrs. Elizabeth C. McDonald,
Mrs. Harriett Leatham, Miss Leatham, Mrs. John Henry Evans
and daughter. Miss Ida Felt, Miss Florence Harrington,
Miss Jennie Harrington, Mrsl Leonora T. Harrington, Mr.
Jacob F. Gates, Miss Annie Lynch, Miss Etta Smith, Mrs. Jane
Jennings Eldridge, Miss Luetta Brown, Mrs. Elizabeth Brown,
Mrs. Emily W. Stockdale, Mrs. J. C. Edwards, Mr. and Mrs.
R. H. Siddoway, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Christenson, Miss LilHan
Cameron, Miss Brown, Miss Baird, Mr. Jas. Duckworth, Mr.
and Mrs. Nephi Anderson, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph F. Smith, Jr.,
Mr. Wm. R. Jones, Mrs. Jessie Penrose Jones, Mrs. P. P.
Musser, Mr. Wayne Musser, Mr. and Mrs. Fred A. Mitchell,
Mr. and Mrs. C. W. Symons, Miss Symons, Mr. Frederick
Scholes, Logan; Mrs. W. T. Jack, Mrs. Bates, Mrs. Neil-
son, Mrs. Priscilla Worthington, Miss Stella P. James, Mrs.
Emma Sharp, Mrs. Frank Tribes, Mr. and Mrs. D. Jensen,
Miss Pauline Sevey, Panguitch, Utah; Miss Dodd, Miss
Stella Judd, Panguitch, Utah ; Miss Lefever, Miss Caroline
Scholes, Logan; Miss Elizabeth Wilson, Mrs. S. A. Sewell, Mrs.
Mary Holt, Mrs. Rosetta Shaw, Mrs. Mercy R. Stevens, Ogden ;
Miss Catherine Wilson, Miss Sarah Wilson, Miss Effie Kent, Miss
Barker, Mrs. Vincey R. Barker, Mrs. Clara M. T. Bartholomew,
Bountiful, Utah; Mr. Jos. Hubbard, Mrs. J. Y. Robbins, Miss
Alice Robbins, Mrs. R. M. Porcher, Mrs. Stookey, Miss Stookey,
Miss Adamson, Miss Caldwell, Mrs. Caldwell,"^ Mr. Robert L.
Bybee, Mr. and Mrs. George T. Benson, Mrs. Hayward, Mr.
Hayward, Mrs. Pugsley, Mrs. Ada Pingree, Mrs. Mary Ellen
Keller, Mrs. Jennie Keller, Mrs. Lucy M. Cutler, Mrs. Phoebe
McNeil. Mrs. Nancy Beckstead, Mrs. Lele Beckstead, Mrs. Amy
C. Bailif, Miss Letitia Paul, Mrs. Mary Jones, Miss May Reid,
Mrs. Hart, Miss Maud Johnson, Miss Maggie Salomon, Mr.
and Mrs. R. F. Lambert, Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Jenkins, Mr.
J. A. Wadsworth, Mrs. A. J. Pendelton, Miss Pendelton, Mr.
John Duckworth, Miss Goddard, Miss Emma Evans, Mrs.
Lucy Rice, Miss L. Reiser, Mrs. Margaret Reiser, Miss Bate-
man,. Mr. and Mrs. B. C. Call, Mr. and Mrs. G. A. Rogers,
Mrs. Ida Clark, Mr. Bussman, Miss L. Snow, Miss Crosby,
Mrs. Elida Snow, Mrs. Artemesia Seegmiller, Miss Anna Snow,
Mr. H. B. Parish, Mr. T. F. Howells, Mrs. Sarah Freidal,
Mrs. J. W. Hoops, Miss Catherine Sorenson, Lago, Idaho ;
Mr. James Blake, Miss Ada Johnson, Miss Vina Johnson,
402 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Mr. Parish, Mrs. Parish, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Symons, Mrs.
Aroetta H. Holgate, Miss Cecilia G. Stead, Mr. and Mrs.
Ezra Wilson, Mr. J. T, Peterson, Miss Eliza Hanson, Miss
A. Jensen, Mrs. Rose Neally, Mrs. A. Standing, Mrs. N. Jen-
sen, Mr. Julian Burton, Mr. and Mrs. Maurice Tanner, Mr.
and Mrs. C. L. McFaul, Mr. Donald McFaul, Miss. Irene
McFaul, Mr. and Mrs. Mark Austin, son and daughter, Mr.
and Mrs. Jos. Webb, St. George, Utah; Miss M. Broadhead,
Mr. David Broadhead, Mr. and Mrs. M. H. Heisell, Mrs. Eva
Curleox, Mrs. Mars, Miss Carrie Allen, Mrs. Sarah Houston,
Mr. Jas. P. Peterson, Miss Martha Evans, Miss Elizabeth Thomp-
son, Mr. Parley Redd, Mr. H. H. Rudd, Miss Ruth Jones, Miss
Nettie Perkins, Mrs. Lucy A. Clark, Mrs. Manning, Mrs. Mary
Jones, Mrs. Hilda H. Larson, Mrs. Marie Goff, Mrs. C. L Goff,
Miss Sabina Goff, Mrs. A. Egbert, Mrs. A. Despain, Mrs. C.
Miller, Mrs. Mary A. Orgall, Riverton, Utah; Mrs. Caroline B.
Sadler, Mrs. Ella Peterson, Mr. Jos. Boddell, Mrs. Sarah Boddell,
Mrs. Sarah J. Butterfield, Harriman, Utah; Mrs. Pearl Butter-
field, Miss M. Bateman, Mrs. Sadie Neils, Mrs. Hazel Malestrom,
Mrs. W. B. Ennis, Mrs. Agnes Merrill, Miss Merrill, Miss
Wilson, Mr. Chas. Egenberger, Mr. Duncan Park, Mr. and
Mrs. James A. Wakeley, Mrs. Georgina G. Marriott, Mr. An-
derson, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. A. Prahl, Mrs. Porter, Mrs. Katie
E. Dixon, Manard, Idaho ; Mrs. Unity Chappell, Mrs. Cecelia
Steed Chuger, Mrs. Eliza Nielson, Mrs. Victoria Elvin, Mrs.
Carrie Johnson, Mrs. Louisa Bates, Ann E. Lyman, Oak City,
Utah; Miss Mamie J. Dodds, Panguitch, Utah; Mrs. Carrie
Johnson, Union, Utah; Caroline B. Sadler, Mabel Excell, Pan-
guitch, Miss Ann Nebeker, Mrs. Agnes Merrill, Ellen D. Bate-
man, Mr. and Mrs. W. S. Turner, Mrs. Rosetta Shaw, Ogden,
Utah ; Fern Goddard, Provo, Utah ; Mr. and Mrs. Thomas
Timms, Mrs. Emily Ennis, Miss Pearl Burton, and Edna Wads-
worth.
The resolution which was passed, as a basis for a permanent
international organization of societies, associations, and individ-
uals interested in genealogy, named these three objects for the
Federation :
A — Preservation and publication of historical and genealogical
records.
B — Procurement of legislation to establish system of collecting
and maintaining vital statistics and records, both national and local.
C — Establishment of a national or international bureau of heraldry
for the registration of pedigrees, coats-of-arms, etc.
What wider scope, what broader foundation, could be given
to any movement ? Truly, we look with high hope into the future
of the International Genealogical Federation.
The "Selfishness'' of Jacob
and Rachel
By Nephi Anderson, author of "Added Upon."
■ His name was Johan Jacob Henri Sweizermann ; and hers
was Maria Rachel Ellen Brown. As this is somewhat of a gene-
alogical story, I would better give the data in the case as correctly
as possible. I'll tell about him first.
J. J. H. Sweizermann, commonly known to us as Jacob, was
born in Schleswig-Holstein in 1855, of Danish-German parentage.
His wife died before he came to this country, about ten years ago.
He has no children. Up to three years ago, he lived in Southern
Utah, where his Danish-German thrift brought him means enough
so that he could come to the city and devote the remainder of his
life to temple work. Jacob was not wealthy, be it understood.
He lived by himself. His wants were few, and his life was the
essence of simplicity.
When he paid his first visit to the office of the Genealogical
Society he brought with him quite an extended record which he
had obtained by many years of effort. In his timid, quiet way,
and his broken EngHsh, he explained that he wanted help with his
record — he wanted to begin work in the temple for his people, and
would we help him to get started? He would be glad to pay us
for assistance. We enrolled him as a life member in the Society,
took into our keeping his record, made out some temple sheets for
him, and gave him the instructions needed for him to get started.
He was profuse in his th'anks for what we had done.
For a year Jacob Sweizermann visited us regularly, about
once a week, to get names and to make a deposit on a fund which
he had to pay for assistance in the female line of his work. He
had no relatives, he stated, and he was compelled to get others to
help him, and for this he was very willing to pay the trifling sum
required.
Jacob was what is termed a "character." He always came
into the office with a smile on his ruddy, smooth-shaven face. A
perfect peace seemed to have taken complete possession of him.
He was oblivious to all things about him, except the work in hand.
"I am so thankful," he would usually say, and we came to
understand that he meant a great deal by this — thankful that the
Lord had directed him through the various walks of life and had
at last led him to this land and this city where there is a temple
in which he might do a really unselfish work.
404 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Things went on placidly with Brother Jacob for about a year.
Then one day he came into the office without the smile.
"Good morning, Brother, what is the matter?" I instinctively
asked.
He sat down, and twirled his hat nervously in his hands. He
cculd not speak for a moment. Then he said, "It iss very bad —
very bad. I haf money no longer. I must go home."
The old man brushed away a tear from his face. We listened
to him patiently, and showed our genuine sympathy. It seems
that someone not so honest as he had defrauded him, and he would
have to cease his temple work and go home to straighten out
things, if he could. We expressed our regrets and hoped he would
soon return.
He was gone a month. One afternoon just before closing
time, he came panting up the steps. His hair seemed grayer and
his face more deeply furrowed, but the smile was still there. We
greeted him warmly.
"I know you close at five," he explained, "and so I hurry to
see you."
"When did you get back?"
"Today — just now. I couldn't vait."
"And how are things at home ?"
"Bad, very bad — I have notings left."
But Jacob was not discouraged. He had prospects of a job in
the city — janitor in an apartment house. He could do his work,
if he got it, and still continue his labors in the temple, he declared.
We wished him success, and he smiled his thanks, as we went
down stairs together.
Jacob obtained his position. This was early in the spring,
and the grounds about his apartment had to be looked after. He
was eminently fitted for this, and so his temple work had to be
somewhat neglected. However, as the warm weather came, and
there was little to do in the way of firing, Jacob had more time
to himself and he managed to spend three half days each week
in the temple.
He always came to us with his genealogical troubles. One
day he said :
"I haf some difficulty."
"What is it?" we asked.
"I need more female verkers. I haf done many mens, but
my vimens go slow."
We understood this very well. During the first year of his
temple work he had devoted himself to the male line, thinking that
later he would engage someone to help him with the females.
Now, when he could least afiford it, he would have to get assist-
ance in his work. Could we recommend someone?
THE "SELFISHNESS" OF JACOB AND RACHEL. 405
And now comes Maria Rachel Ellen Brown, commonly known
to us as Rachel, into this story. Rachel was born in Wiltshire,
England, "about" 1864. This is purely a guess date, and. must
not be taken as fact. I will admit, I am poor at guessing in this
case, and I dare not ask the lady for a more definite date. Rachel
was what is sometimes called a "maiden lady." Why she had
never married I can not understand, for she certainly was good,
and true, and — very good looking. Her hair, profuse and black,
was turning gray in places. Her face was somewhat pale and
colorless. The first impression of the lady was that she had very
little to say, but that impression was dispelled by further ac-
quaintance. She was also a member of the Genealogical Society,
and had a limited pedigree. She had about completed the temple
work for her connected line, and she was now hesitating whether
or not to venture into the broad field of Browns of Wiltshire.
Sister Brown was poor in this world's goods. She was now be-
ginning to feel the effects of too much hard labor in her younger
days. She could do only the lighter kinds of work, and that was
not plentiful. For weeks at a time, Rachel did not go to the
temple, which grieved her very much. The burden of her con-
cern seemed to be for others, those who had gone before without
the privileges of the temple ordinances.
We recommended Maria R. E. Brown to Jacob.
She was glad to spend three days in the temple for his female
names if he would spend the like number of days for her male
names. When he hesitated about this last proviso, she explained
that she had but a few male names left, so his services would not
be required long. This was satisfactory; and it was in this way
that these two good people came to work together for the salva-
tion of souls.
All that summer the work went smoothly and well with Jacob
and Rachel. Frequently they came together to the office to get
names. When endowments had been taken for husbands and
wives, they saw to it that they were properly sealed, and their
children adopted to them, thus completing each family as they
went along. They were happy in their work. Jacob would tell
us of his job, and explain how the Lord had opened the way for
him in the obtaining of it. Rachel would also frequently drop in
on us, more we imagined to tell us of some things that Jacob had
done than on matters of genealogical business.
The temple that year closed for the summer vacation the first
part of July. The very day before the closing one, Jacob and
Rachel came together to the office. Jacob's cheeks were redder
than ever, and it seemed that what little blood was in Rachel's
body was trying to get into her face. Evidently, they came on
unusual business. They would not tell us what they wanted until
406 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
closing- time when all others had left. Up to that time Jacob ha •
been aimlessly looking at German books, while Rachel had found
one from Wiltshire, evidently full of Brown names.
"Well, now, what can we do for you?"
"Veil, you see, ve vant you to make out a sealing sheet midt
my name and Sister Brown's name on it."
"What?" we did not grasp the situation for a moment.
"Sister Brown and me — ve has stood for so many mans and
vifes in de temple — married for time and eternity — now ve stand
for ourselves."
"Oh, you are going to get married ?"
. "Yes ; Rachel and me." The old man straightened, and at the
moment he looked every inch the fine man he was. Rachel closed
the Wiltshire record and came and stood by him. Why, yes, they
made a fine couple, well matched in every way. There was room
for Rachel in Jacob's quarters in the apartment house as well as
in his heart. Why shouldn't they get married, and then go on
together in the noble work they were doing?
"\^ill you make out de sheet?" Jacob asked. "You see, to-
morrow iss de last day."
"But, dear me — you must have something other than a temple
sheet."
"Vat?"
"Why, you must get a license from the County Clerk."
"Is dat so?"
"Yes ; and I fear it is too late today to do that."
Both of them were very much disturbed at this news. Rachel
found her tongue first.
"Now I know we have been selfish. I have been fearful all
the time that we have been thinking too much of our own happi-
ness, Jacob — you know I told you so. Temple workers should not
be selfish — and I fear this is selfishness — the Lord don't want us
to, I fear."
"Sister Brown." asked I, "do yoii want to?"
"I — I like Brother Sweizermann very much, and if — "
"Then," said I, "don't worry. I'll see that you get your
license tomorrow in time. Come here in the morning — and go
right on with the wedding preparations.
The next morning, with everything arranged, Jacob and
Rachel went through the temple as usual, and took endowments
for two of their ancestors. They got through early, and shortly
after "high noon" they went into the sealing room. I was there
to witness the ceremony, and I have never seen a more beautiful
or impressive one.
In the Kitchen Laboratory.
By Hascl Love Dunford.
AS TO THE CANNING OF FRUIT.
About this time of the year, many of our sisters are busily
engaged in steaming and sweating their Hves away over the pre-
serving kettle, making jelly and jam, or putting away the fruit for
winter. Many of us have come to believe that we could not face
the winter without six or seven hundred and even a thousand
quarts of fruit in the cellar. Unless one has fruit in the orchard,
or spoiling in the garden, I claim the cost is too much. When a
woman counts her time worth anything, to purchase fruit at high
prices, and with sugar so expensive, is sheer extravagance. I am
afraid manv do not count the cost. Small fruits this season are
running as high as twenty-five and thirty cents per quart on the
shelf. "Many families turn up their noses at merely fruit for
dessert in the winter. Then it is generally accompanied with
cookies, or cake, which adds to the expense.
A very good plan that I have adopted since my marriage is to
put up less, and improve the quality. I buy the best to be had,
and put it up in mv very best manner, and then I use it for special
desserts, and find' that it is alway^s relished by members of the
familv. It is a different question *where fruit is going to waste
in one's own yard. That must be taken care of. . Another waste
I find in many homes is the hurriedly prepared jelly pr jam and
preserves. They are not properly cared for, made with little in-
terest, sometimes burnt, the jelly is tough and leathern, conse-
quently they stand on the shelf to sugar and mold and are then
thrown out in the springtime.
Fruit that is kept from year to year Is never so good as when
used up each year. With so many canning clubs being organized
throughout our state, the fruit and vegetables should not go to
waste. There the girls have their outfit and the fruit can be taken
care of at a low cost. Let the members of your families have all
the fruit they want while it is on. It can be had until nearly
Thanksgiving time, and then there are so many nice varieties of
apples that can be stored for winter. Put into your cellar for the
winter the Snow apple, the Wealthy, the Macatosh Red. all these
for early use. . The Jonathan, Rhode Island Greening, Roman
Beauty, and Winter Pearmain for later use, and thus the problem
of apples is solved. Soon the oranges, bananas, figs and dates
408 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
come, and with prunes and dried fruit, I see no reason for the
average woman to fret her Hfe away canning fruit.
Housekeepers who have cash to spend, and who have no
orchard, will find it more economical as to time, labor, and money,
to purchase canned fruits by the case, in the fall, when prices are
low. Our own Utah canneries hold the record for quality and
price.
RECIPES FOR WARM WEATHER.
Cheese Pudding.
1 c. bread crumbs. 1 c. grated cheese, or cut in small
2 a. salt. pieces.
4 eggs. 1 c. milk.
Soak crumbs in milk. Add salt and cheese. Then the yolks
slightly beaten and lastly the whites beaten stiff. Bake in mod-
erate oven until set.
Spanish Rice.
1 c. washed rice. 2 medium pimentos cut fine, or
2 c. strained tomato. green peppers.
3 c. water. 2 tb. butter.
2 medium onions cut fine.
Bring to the boiling point. Bake in covered dish one hour.
leak's Oatmeal Cookies.
2-3 c. butter. 1 c. suga;-. 2 c. raisins, cut fine.
3 eggs. 1 1. nutmeg. 1 c. nuts, cut fine.
V2 c. sour milk. 2 t. cinnamon. 2 c. oatmeal.
1 c. flour. 1 1. soda.
Cream butter and sugar. Add eggs. Put milk and flour,
oatmeal and seasoning, raisins and nuts. Dissolve the soda in a
little warm water. Drop from a spoon and bake in a quick oven.
Chocolate Gelatine Pudding.
1 envelope gelatine. ^ c. water.
3 c. milk scalded. 1 t. vanilla.
1 c. sugar. 2 squares chocolate.
Serve with whipped cream.
Soak gelatine in water. Melt chocolate. Add a little of hot
milk at a time until all chocolate is blended. Add remaining in-
gredients. Set away to harden.
The Prince of Ur
^3' Homespun.
As Abram made his slow way back to the palace and the city,
his mind dwelt heavily on the unhappy events of this day now
passing so rapidly into the brief, golden, evening hours of the
Orient. With the clear prescience, which was a part of his seeric
gift, he knew that he was approaching the very crux and crisis
of his life. Hitherto, his years had flowed along placidly, if
somewhat strenuously in the city of Salem, in the house of his
forefather, Shem, with his deep study, his profound discoveries in
mathematics and astronomy, his travels into Egypt and adjoining
countries, for purposes of culture and wider associations. He had
marked with constantly increasing sorrow the degeneracy and
growing wickedness of the peoples of the earth. He knew whereof
he sorrowed, for he had discoursed with princes and savants, had
fought on the plains of Shinar in his Uncle Shem's armies, had
met and vanquished the wild beasts of the jungles and the wilder
savages of the inner steppes of the eastern lands. He had supped
with merchants of Ionia and dined with philosophers of Elam and
Idumia. And among them all the unbelief and the gradual and
subtle changing of the truths of heaven had become wholly uni-
versal. In it all, his clear vision had detected the sin, no matter
how elegantly it had been robed with sophistry ; his spirit had
focussed the apostasy, howsoever it had been cloaked with guile
and hypocrisy. He sought for truth — for light— for the powers
of the everlasting priesthood, which was without end of days and
without father or mother. Only in one place — blessed Salem,
under the reign of the King of Salem, Melichizedek, or Shem — was
there to be found the gospel in its fulness, simplicity and purity.
Well, he was now in Ur of the Chaldees by his own choice. His
forefathers' household had been located there for many cen-
turies ; and like the true and obedient oriental son that he was,
he could not wilfullv draw away from the loyal service he owed
to the father of his father, who was at once the head of the tribe
and its shepherd, king, satrap or petesi.
His thoughts drifted to the poor black maidens and their
grief and again he dwelt sadly upon the too-evident affections of
his cousin Irit. What ailed the women of his household? Was
there not Arphad — and Lot — and the many young and gracious
warriors in his father's retinue?
He was at the gateway of the city ; and as he paused beside
the great wall, where hundreds of travelers were now gathered
in voluable exchange of friendly gossip — he saw the damsels of
410 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the common people of the city trooping down to the watering-
place, their graceful bodies erect as the palm-tree, their shining
eyes brilliant with health, their scarlet lips bearing full testimony
to the red blood of health and youthful vigor which leaped in wild
strains through their undisciplined bodies.
Aye, undisciplined. For Abram knew that these city-dwellers
— the lower orders of his countrymen and country-women, re-
cruited as they were yearly from the hills and fields, were as given
over to the fashionable vices of the day, as were their employers
and masters.
"If these lovely maidens only knew — if they only knew — "
"Saidst thou aught?" queried a deep, musical voice at his
side. Abram was unaware that his thoughts had found vocal
expression.
"Yes," he said ; "I said that these lovely maidens were all un-
aware of the fierce fires of hell which wage in the city's and the
temple's newly devised orgies and ravishments."
"Thou speakest sharply concerning the religion of the state
and the empire. Methinks the Emperor Nimrod would not care
to listen to thy words."
Abram looked keenly at the young stranger, who had thus
accosted him. His scrutiny was amply rewarded. The look he
caught in return was so candid and so friendly that Abram turned
away with a sigh as he said :
"Nimrod knows and knows that he knows — therefore, he is
the most deadly apostate of them all."
"Even so, my master, may we not be careful that these walls
shall not betray our words?"
Abram cast a glance upward to the great towers and parapets
above them and as he looked, he caught the face of a lady leaning
over the wall and looking down into his own with great interest.
She threw out her rich scarf to the breeze and with a graceful
gesture, she beckoned to him to come within the walls and join
her on the public parapet in her evening promenade.
"Thou seest one evidence of the virtue-destroying customs of
these modern degenerate days ? See ! that is my lovely cousin
who walks aimlessly forth in the public thoroughfare, and is no
doubt unaccompanied save by her eunuch ; is this a decency or a
safe procedure for society or for our women?"
"I seest that thou dost not agree with the Assyrian customs
of giving women more than half the privileges and liberties en-
joyed by the two sexes?"
"Nay, she should have her just rights, as should man. Both
are indissolubly linked together."
"My master, you would not shut a woman up into her own
cramped quarters, as do the desert tribes of Elam, and there con-
A PRINCE OF UR. 411
ine her life and all its best activities to makin,s;' beautiful em-
broideries and spinning cloth and rearing- her big broods of help-
less children? This is not the way, I am assured that father
Adam, and Seth and Noah dealt with the women of their house-
holds. No stream rises higher than its source. And if the
women are to be narrowed down, why so will men and women who
are born of them be crafty, close and very insular in all their
lives and ideals."
"Nay, friend, you go quite to the other extreme, and portray
a condition fit only for the rough men of the plains and for those
whom Noah himself cast out for their hide-bound prejudices and
conceptions. But there is a happy blending of the care and guar-
dianship of women and of little children, which must mark the
grave philosopher of life, a care which shall set a price on the
head of any wicked man who invades the sanctuary of the home,
and protect the virtue and the happiness of every woman of the
tribe, with the blood of every man beneath that rooftree. Such
are the ideals of a noble race."
"But how can love be free and fond if women are kept under
the cover of a thousand close conventions?"
"Is love more sure than Providence? Freer? Is impulse
and the fierce young fires of ungovernable immaturity a safer
p-iiide and protection than the loving protection and guardianship
of wise parents ?"
"Then wouldst thou marry man with maiden from the choice
of parents rather than the inclinations of the untrammeled human
heart?"
"Damascean, thou hast shown a wondrous insight into things
which men have hidden in this wicked city under heaps of super-
stitious debris and sodden lusts. But I would ask thee to answer
thine own question by asking still another : 'If God has made us,
nay, has sent us here to do His will, having been children at His
loving feet long before Father Adam first came down to people
this broad earth, dost thou not feel that our Father — God, knows
far better than we just whom to mate us with, and where and
when? Even if that be not so, will parents be apt to make any
more mistakes than would their unbridled children?' Come, face
the truth squarely and like a man."
"And what becomes of the worship of Astarte, if thou dost
shut the women in behind closed lattice and barred gateways ?"
The face of Abram darkened with fierce horror.
"That is the very thing I dread and fear the most — the vile
and pernicious worship of a woman and of the powers and prin-
ciples of nature. That brings to earth more misery and ruin than
all the other sins of fife. It is unnatural, it brings with it all the
hell-brood of accompanying vice and licentiousness. When men
412 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
have qui'.e lost their natural desire for the simple, homely pleasures
of this life, united with the glories and the pure visions of the
'Heavenly Home' to come, then ruin, stark vice and rotting cor-
ruption hold out with slimy hands their sensuous arms to enfold
the race and prepare it for swift destruction. It was so in the days
of father Noah. How much better are we today? Yea, my soul
yearns over my father's household and the remnants of the tribes
of Shem. Ah! my friend from Damascus, for I perceive thou art
thus bred and reared, I love God, truth, virtue, holiness — where
then shall my foot rest and my soul be at peace on the face of
this broad earth?"
"Master," quoth the Damascean merchant, "I have seen thee
twice this day. Warned myself by dreams and visions that my
future course lay towards Ur, I was told that I should find a prince
of the Palace of Silver Light, whose counsel I should take and
whose service I should enter. Thou art the man. I now ofifer
to thee the right hand of compact; here by the city's gate. By
my head — by my hand — by my thigh — I, Eliezer, swear and dedi-
cate to Abram and to his household forever my true and loyal
friendship and service."
Moved to the very depths of his soul by this sudden and
splendid confidence of the youthful stranger, Abram's eyes filled
with grateful tears. As quickly responsive as only orientals could
be, Abram turned aside from the busy drinking-fountain Place,
and when in the shade of a friendly accacia tree, he struck hands
thrice with his new servitor and said with profound affection :
'T, too, have been warned and forewarned by dreams and by
the voice of inspiration that not many suns should rise above the
Euphrates before I should find a new and generous friend, sent to
me for my present comfort and my future well-being. I greet
thee, Eliezer, and thus make answering compact. By nothing
shall I swear — but to thee I offer my true and lasting friendship,
protection in time of war, home and wage in times of peace, com-
fort and sustenance for thee and thine as long as son of Abram
and of Eliezer shall live to fulfill this compact."
"One thing, master — my best friend in this city is Javanu.
He has come here but two days since from distant Tarshish and
other parts. He has helped and taught me many things. Say
naught to him of this accidental meeting and our quick covenant,
but let him think that he has brought about much of our friendly
association, which indeed he has."
"So be it. And now, Eliezer, let us upward to the promenade
on the parapet to see what this lady kinswoman of mine doth de-
sire of Abram."
The two men sauntered quietly up through the inner towered
Stairs and out upon the broad parapet, where chariots drove reck-
A PRINCE OF UR. 413
lessly past on the broad, paved road atop of the massive walls of
Ur. There were soldiers in glittering array, their flashing spears
held upright in their mailed fists. There was no need, perchance,
for hasty driving, here in this peaceful roadway of the city — but
when men and horses have used themselves to be in haste, and
thus to prove their valor — well — what would you? There were
groups of Assyrian ladies to pass and repass — and how shall ladies
know that warriors are brave or proud, if horses prance not and
swords show no glitter in the downcast sun-rays.
Here and there carved stone benches made restful intervals
for the crowds of lords and ladies of high degree who paced back
and forth, and as they passed or met they gave each other slow
and soft greeting or chatted idly and with scornful lightness con-
cerning the day's doings.
Under the shade of a drooping willow tree, a lady sat with
every line of her tall and lithesome figure bespeaking the nobly
born dame of fashion and elegance. Her eyes were brown, but
washed out in color, as if some careless hand has dropped a bit
of white liquid in the soft warm brown you felt belonged to her
race and tribe. Her hands were long and slender — too long, and
far too slender — you felt that if one could just shorten the lines
and add some plumpness to the palm and fingers, they would be
perfect. And thus also her face — it was almost perfectly moulded
— almost perfect it was. But the very lack was most provoking.
For instead of the perfect line of the nose, it cut short just before
the gracious ending of that aristocratic member could be finished.
And the chin — round and dimpled it was — but too long, too deeply
indented. It was almost grotesque — so this foreign merchant con-
sidered, who had thus seen the lady for the first time — this aggra-
vating lack in perfect outhne. Just one touch here, a line there,
an added roundness, and the face and form would be a model for
artists of all time. And Eliezer had a proper sense of what
was beautiful in the human face and form. Her figure, as she
arose, was quite too slender, quite too pliant. There was some-
thing so like a hungry panther in the sinuous motion of her limbs,
as they moved slowly in and out of her long, thin, white robes, as
she aoT^roached the two men, that Eliezer felt the hair upon his
head rise in superstitious horror at the very image his own im-
agination had called up.
"Ah, cousin of mine — how happy is Ischa to see thy all-be-
holding eyes. What hath brought thee down from thy templed
tower at this edge of evening light, when thy usual devotions
carry thee far into the starlight, and even find thee kneeling —
when Ishtar, our lovely Moon-goddess rises on the darkened plains
of Shinar?"
This pretty speech was delivered with a cat-like purring that
414 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
accentuated the impression upon the Damascean merchant. But
he only stood in lowly reverence behind his new master's back and
caught occasional glimpses of the shadowy lady as either of the
principals in this courteous duet moved into his vision.
"Ischa, might Abram not ask of thee what thou art doing on
the public parapet when all the fashion and unbridled youths of
the town are parading up and down to show their gaudy trap-
pings?"
The thin, scarlet lips of the girl, too cruel to be beautiful, too
straight to be gracious, curled in mocking derision.
"Should I not remember that Abram ever answers questions
by asking others ? And yet, Iscah forgets anything but her affec-
tion when she sees her handsome kinsman bowing low before her."
The unmaidenly boldness of this laughing sally — intended to
flatter and placate — roused Abram with disagreeable emotions.
How he hated sycophancy !
"Be quit of thy fashionable badinage. Speak me in the sim-
ple terms of our fathers' fathers' household. I am a Shemmite,
-bred to arts of simplicity, and I like not fulsome compliments, even
on the lips of my kinswoman."
^>" this time the lady's foot was tapping nervously on the
tasselated pavement of the walk. She laughed, however, and with
a momentary dropping of her worldly mask and manner, she said
seriously :
"Will Abram give speech to his kinswoman, if she will be the
simple child of the shepherd's tent while she talks ?"
"When has Abram ever refused to listen to dear and favored
Ischa?"
Gratified at once to her very soul by the mollified kindliness of
Abraham's tone, Ischa looked searchingly behind Abram and
asked :
"Whom have you here? Some new devotee of your pale
and colorless religion? Or a merchant friend, stopping for
Abram's quick hospitality, which is offered to all who bow be-
neath his roof-tree?"
"This is a new friend, a new servant, who has but this evening
covenanted himself to my loyal friendship and assistance. By
name, Eliezer, a Damascean, your highness."
"Shall Eliezer prove his newly found service by plucking from
yon distant palm tree some leaves for the cooling of my heated
brows ?"
Abram smiled as he saw the subtlety of the request. To reach
the spreading leaves of the palm, required a most skilled climber,
and only through the expenditure of much time and agility could
any one hope to comply with the lady's request. She wanted to
A PRINCE OF UR. 415
get rid of his servant. Well, be it so. Abram smiled his assent,
and the merchant departed.
The lady waited in vain for her kinsman to begin their tete-
a-tete conversation. Abram seated himself gravely beside her and
waited as gravely for her to open up her mind to him. She had
asked for the talk, she must begin it.
"Abram, thou knowest the long years that I have lived be-
neath our grandfather's roof. I was not born here, and my
mother was not one of your tribe. But I have inherited my
father's looks, and am I not like the tribe of Terah?"
Thus adjured Abram looked critically at his young kins-
woman. The puzzling inadequacy which had so tortured the im-
agination of the Damascean now filtered into the mind of Abram.
He had really never noted it before, had never permitted his im-
agination to bring the contrast out so sharply between her and the
peerless Sarai. Truthful as he was he answered soberly :
"Yes, Ischa, you are like — yet unlike — my father's race and
children. There is a puzzling likeness and a puzzling difference.
But surely you have all the gracious queenliness which belongs to
our race and tribe."
All of which was not at all what the wily damsel had wished
or sought. She tried again —
"Abram. when the sun is sinking thus behind the hills ; the
waters of the river shine up at us like jewelled ribbons, and the
perfume of a hundred flowers fills our nostrils, I think of my
mother's home in far off Phonecia, and I long to be there in that
favored land. And yet — my heart is here, and my lips quiver with
the tender drawing emotions which chain me to Ur and to your
own side. Look at me — see how my heart thrills and my eyes
yearn."
He turned as he was bid ; the crimson mouth softened all into
curves and the eyes were filled with the dews of her plaintive, sud-
den sorrow, while beneath the long lashed eyelids there welled up
a devotion and a passionate admiration which no man could de-
ceive himself about. The sight of her trembling lips, her tear-wet
€yes, her heaving bosom and the look of wild desire wrought in
Abram quite another emotion to what she had anticipated. With-
out one word he arose and threw out his arms as if he were being
strangled. After one moment, he had gained complete control of
the inner storm, both of fear and contempt, and he slowly re-
turned to find his lovely cousin sobbing into her gauzy abaya as
if her heart would break. Her long and somewhat thin, dark hair
"broke from its rich fillet and came tumbling down in ungraceful
disorder about her writhing body. She was a sight to inspire a
good man with the annoyance which her kinsman felt. But he
controlled even that, and said quietly:
416 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"Ischa, do not be foolish. Be a wise and a good girl. There
is nothing which is good and righteous forbidden to you, no wish
is left ungratified. You have all the world to choose from, and
God will bring your life to a happy consummation, if you will
but put your trust in Him."
She said nothing, but threw her arms around him and clung
to him with desperate energy. The sight of two people thus en-
gaged in what looked like a public quarrel, brought many idle
people around them, and finally Abram could bear it no more ; he
released the clinging arms, beckoned to Ischa's eunuch and her
maids, and bade them take their mistress to her home ; then he
strode proudly away. The merchant Eliezer was still dickering
with tree climbers to get the lady's fans.
But as Abram found his way down the dark and tower steps,
he muttered to himself —
"What ails the women of my father's household ? Have they
all gone stark, staring mad? Irit — and now Ischa — while Zillah —
Ah, I fear that she is the source and the root of all this uncanny
trouble. Plague upon the women — nay — I will say better, — God
help them to be women and not wantons."
(to be continued)
GENEALOGICAL CLASSES FOR THE RELIEF SOCIETY
CONFERENCE.
On Friday and Saturday, October 1 and 2, the Relief Society
conference will be held in Salt Lake City. There will be four
genealogical classes held, at 4:30 p. m. on Friday and Saturday,
October 1 and 2, and Tuesday and Wednesday, October 5 and 6,
in the Bishop's Building, under the auspices of the General Board
of the Relief Society. The attendance at these classes will be
optional. All will be heartily welcome. No delegates will be
called.
Sunday, September 20, will doubtless be observed as Gene-
alogical Day. We would like our sisters to co-operate with the
Genealogical representatives and agents in the proper observance
of this day, and suggest that a full report of our Congress in San
Francisco given by one v^^ho was present there, or a synopsis of this
report might occupy a portion of the program.
Notes from the Field.
By The General Secretary, Mrs. Amy B. Lyman.
A few changes have been made in the Taylor stake recently.
Mrs. Georgina O'Brien of Raymond has been made President, and
following is a complete list of officers : Counselors, Mary McCarty
and Mariah Scovil, Secretary, Verena Redd, Treasurer and As-
sistant Secretary, Ivie Smith, Organist and Chorister, Augusta
Erickson. Board Members : Ivie Smith, Jezeil Merkley, in charge
of art; Augusta Ericson, Jennie Eawns, in charge of ethics; May
Weed, in charge of theology ; Margaret Allred, in charge of gene-
alogy.
It will be noted that in this stake the Board members have
been given a specific line of work to be responsible for, thus re-
lieving the President of these details, and giving her more time
for the executive work connected with her office.
On May 23rd, the Young stake was reorganized. There
were no changes made in the offices of President and Treasurer,
President Mrs. Mary M. Halls, Counselors Mrs. Mary E. Lamb
and Mrs. Mary Zufelt, Sectreary Mrs. Harriet M. Stephens,
Treasurer, Harriet Ellis, Organist Minnie Wheeler, Chorister Vida
B. H?lls, Missionaries, Mrs. Sarah Young, and Mrs. Agnes Slade.
A reorganization of Benson stake took place June 21st. Mrs.
Rebecca L. Rawlins, who has faithfully performed her duty, as
stake president for a great number of years, was honorably re-
leased. Mrs. Rawlins has given excellent service in the Relief
Society, and will always be affectionately remembered. The new
officers are: President, La Preil Hyer, Counselors, Bessie C.
Merrill, Margaret P. Hendricks, Secretary and Treasurer, Alice T..
Barnett, Board members : Jane Hendricks, Olive Harris, Alice
Harris, Harriet C. Larson, Viola Kent, Maude Roskelley, and
Larnia Anderson.
Visitors from the Arizona stakes report that it has always been
the rule in these stakes to hold weekly Relief Society meetings in
the wards. Aluch of their success in the past has been attributed to
t!"iis custom. Because they were so thoroughly established in this
respect, the wards in these stakes have taken up all of the work out-
lined by the Board during the last two years, and have been
greatly benefitted by the same,
Current Topics.
By James H. Anderson.
An American submarine that will cross the Atlantic to Europe
and return without finding it necessary to take on new supplies
has been built. Thus undersea navigation makes rapid progress.
The Ogden choir had a very pleasant trip to the great fairs
in California, where it did Utah much good by its charming music
and equally charming membership.
It is explained by Germany that the torpedoing of the Amer-
ican steamship Ncbraskan was a mistake. Too many of these
are causing a suspicion of intention.
Conditions in Mexico grow steadily worse, and present a
more immediate danger of armed conflict involving the United
States than does any European crisis.
Utah is specially interested in the fact that the powers that
be in Washington have conceded the point that a protective tariff
is necessary on one great American industry in which Utah is
largely interested, namely, the manufacture of sugar.
The Pioneer Day celebration in Salt Lake City, in 1915, was
a notably successful event, strongly reminiscent of the spirit of
celebrations in Utah in earlier days, when everybody joined in
with cheerfulness and goodwill.
While the American national administration is taking vigorous
steps toward placing the country in a state of effective defense in
the event of war, it need not be supposed that even the critical
situation between the United States and Germany will reach to the
extent of open hostilities. There are many diplomatic paths yet
open. *
The women of Great Britain are taking the place of men in
the factories which manufacture munitions of war for the British
army. This manner of militarism doul^tless will prove much more
efficacious in securing* the elective franchise for the women there
tlian (lid the recent methods of the. militant English suffragette.
CURRENT TOPICS. 419
The allied armies which are attempting to force the Darda-
nelles appear to be making- slow progress ; but the fact that they
are progresssing steadily means notable results within a few weeks.
Meanwhile the British army from the British Indian side has
advanced past Bagdad along the Euphrates valley, on the way to-
ward the Turkish capital.
On July 24 an appalling catastrophe at Chicago resulted in
the drowning of some 1200 persons, mostly women and children.
The employes of the Western Electric Company were out for a
picnic, and about 2500 of them were on the fast excursion steamer
Eastland, which capsized in the Chicago river, while being loaded
at the company's pier. A government investigation has been
ordered, and it probably will result in the adoption of a rule such
as had been in vogue in Europe for a third of a century, pro-
hibiting high and narrow water-ballasted vessels from engaging
in the excursion traffic, because of a well-grounded fear that such
vessels would "turn turtle" when heavily loaded with human
freight.
The appreciation of the people of Utah at the opportunity of
viewing that notable relic of the American Revolution, the Liberty
Bell, was exhibited in marked degree by the way in which every-
one who could do so came to view it, and in the gratifying spirit
of patriotism and reverence displayed. Nowhere along the whole
route of its travel did the Bell receive a more cordial welcome than
in the Bee-hive State. The fact that it was brought here on Sun-
day gave the privilege of beholding it to a larger number than
otherwise would have been the case, and added materially to the
spirit of devotion so strongly manifested by the assembled multi-
tudes.
The German note in reply to the second communication of
protest from the United States over the torpedoing of the Liisi-
tania evaded the direct issue raised, and called forth a plain and
forcible third note from this Government, warning Germany that
a repetition by German naval commanders of acts in contravention
of the rights of neutrals under established international law, when
those acts affected American citizens, would be regarded by this
Government as "deliberately unfriendly." While the German gov-
ernment manifestly was irritated by the decided and unmistakable
stand taken by the American Government, the American people
have become more solidly unanimous in the conviction that this
nation has on its side the absolute right of the question at issue.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Failtth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding; Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Misj Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice Merrill Home Misi Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richardi Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatic Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddintrton
Irs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor Susa Young Gates
Business Manager Janettk A. Hydk
Assistant Manager Amy Biown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vol. II. SEPTEMBER, 1915. No. 9
HISTORY IN THE MAKING.
The men and women who laid the foundations
History of the Church in modern times, beginning- with
the great Prophet Joseph Smith, on down to our
present leader, President Joseph F. Smith, — these
and their associates knew the value and historical importance of
the work they were doing. They were, and are, makers of history
— and they knew it then, and know it today. The Spirit of
the Lord giveth understanding, and individuals who enjoy
that Spirit know when great history is in the making.
Few events in history will transcend the recent
An International Congress of Genealogy. President
Historical Joseph F. Smith remarked at the evening session
Event. of our Utah Genealogical Day, July 27, that the
labor now going forward in our tempels, and the
preparatory work performed by the genealogists were the
most important requirements upon the people today. We are
justified therefore in saying that the Congress just closed was
a most important world-movement. Many of those who took
part scarcely realized this; but it will be understood some day
by all of our Father's children.
EDITORIAL. 421
Just as two cords are doubly strong, and two
Strength hundred cords wound together, hold a ship at
In anchor, so two individual genealogists, and two
Organiza- hundred genealogical associations grouped to-
tion. gether, will anchor a great movement of gene-
alogical unification and solidarity, with a scope
and interest which can scarcely be estimated by those not
gifted with prophetic vision. The results of the work done at
the Panama-Pacific Exposition rest "on the knees of the gods."
There is a personal note in this recent history which is a life-
and-death matter to every one. What shall be your attitude,
and mine, to the work projected by the 'Tnternational Genealog-
ical Federation?" We are weighed in the daily balance, and the
results mean progress, life, light, happiness, here and hereafter, to
you and to me, or it means the decay and degeneration of hope,
faith, and joy. What history shall we, as individuals, make in
this movement?
The initiative, the courage, and the tact of the
Our Debt to California Genealogists won the admiration and
California. gratitude of every intelligent genealogist in the
country. Add to that the breadth of sympathy,
the whole-soulded welcome, and the generous treatment, ac-
corded to every visitor present, including each member of
the Utah Genealogical party, and you have a combination
which would spell success for any enterprize. Californians
spoke of Utah as the father of California; right well has the
debt been liquidated in the recent marvelous Exposition, where
Utahns have been welcomed and honored as never before in
our history. Especially was this true of the Genealogical
Congress. No favor that could be shown, no entertainment
that could be arranged, no honor that could be given, was
withheld from the Utah party, by the Californians. Time and
eternity cannot efface our pleasant memories, nor suffice for
the expression of our gratitude. May it not be true that the
power and influence of the multitudes of departed spirits —
who have rejoiced over this movement far more than can we
— have not these influences conspired to bring about much that
has been done? The courteous, gracious, and unprejudiced
attitude of the Californians, as of other genealogists there, may
owe something to the influence of departed ancestors who
there saw a wide swing of their prison doors. History has
been making not only in Utah, and not only in California, but
also behind the veil, in the shadowy realms of the departed
spirits. Blessed are they who give eyesight to blind eyes,
who "bring out the prisoners from the prison, and them that
sit in darkness out of the prison-house."
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Work and Business.
First Week.
Theology and Testimony.
Second Week.
the passover or sacrament.
We who are privileged to partake of the Lord's Supper each
Sunday, scarcely attach the importance and sacredness to that
mystic ordinance which was felt and observed by the Jews, in
partaking of their yearly feast of the Passover,
The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper is really the same or-
dinance as the Passover, modified by the Savior himself, to fit
the world's needs after his death.
Most of the Christian churches observe this rite but only at
rare intervals. Catholics term it Holy Mass ; other Christian
churches speak of it as Communion. By the Latter-day Saints,
who have been privileged by the Lord to partake of this wonderful
and mystic sacrament each Sunday, it should be observed in the
most sacred, and beautiful manner. The students will find this
subject treated upon clearly and fully in the Compendium, under
the head of "The Passover or Sacrament :"
"This word (passover) comes from the Hebrew verb, pesach,
which signifies to pass, to leap, or skip over. They gave the
name of Passover to the feast which was established in com-
memoration of the coming forth out of Egypt, because the night
before their departure, the destroying angel, who slew the first-
born of the Egyptians, passed over the Israelites, because they
were marked with the blood of the lamb which was killed the
evening before ; and which for this reason was called the Paschal
Lamb." — Cruden's Concordance.
We have an account of the institution of the Passover in the
twelfth chapter of Exodus. The Lord commanded Israel, saying.
"And the day shall be unto you for a memorial ; and ye shall keep
it a feast to the Lord throughout your generations ; ye shall keep
it a feast by an ordinance for ever" (verse 14). This command
rather implies that there might be a change in the manner and
time of keeping this passover, by the house of Israel. The essen-
tial part of it is that it shall be kept as a feast forever.
GUIDE LESSONS. 423
That the Passover, as instituted the evening before the de-
l)arture of Israel out of Egypt, was typical of the sacrifice of the
Lamb of God, appears to be the generally received opinion of all
who have faith in the Bible and its institutions. It is evident that
the apostle Paul entertained this view of the subject when he
made the following assertion, "For even Christ our Passover is
sacrificed for us" (I Cor. 5:7).
That our Savior considered the ordinance of the Passover a
part of the Mosaic law which was to be done away in his suffer-
ings and death, is evident from the wish which he expressed to his
disciples, while keeping the Passover with them the evening be-
fore his death, "With desire I have desired to eat this Passover
wtih you before I suffer" (Luke 22:15). The type was no longer
needed and the ordinance was changed to commemorate the great
sacrifice he was about to make. Hence, he commanded his dis-
ciples to partake of the bread and wine in remembrance of him.
QUESTIONS.
1. What is the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper?
2. What was the Jewish Passover?
3. Ask some converted sister to explain the Methodist way
of observing this rite. The Catholic. The Episcopalian. Other
sects.
4. What is the difference between the Passover and the
Sacrament?
5. What is the likeness between the two ceremonies?
6. Who should administer the sacrament?
7. Who should receive it?
8. What should be our attitude towards the Lord's Supper ?
Genealogy.
Third Week,
relationship.
This subject is somewhat difificult to most people, but it is
extremely important to all who would understand how to prepare
temple records, and to adjust the ties of relationship properly
and accurately.
Relationship clues are far more vital than are generally be-
lieved, and no record should be left without these ties being well
established. We told you in our last lesson that the heir should be
the same person, living or dead, because of the necessity of count-
ing relationship from the heir to the dead.
Let us make an illustration :
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GUIDE LESSONS. 425
You will see that Brigham Young is the heir of the family and
that relationship is counted from him back to the other names.
He is the son, grandson, nephew or cousin of them, and it is his
relationship to the dead that is named, not theirs to him. This is
very much clearer and easier than any other way.
Let each student take his parents, and then his grandparents,
naming himself as heir, for purposes of illustration, and prepare
hi? lesson on this model.
Home Ethics and Art.
WORK.
Work is the heritage of man. It is his mission on the earth —
his everlasting duty. The Lord told Adam that he should earn
his bread by the sweat of his brow. "In the sweat of thy face,
shalt thou eat bread."
One writer, in speaking of work, says : "Whoever prohibits
or prevents a man from this, his sacred appointment, to labor, is
that man's deadliest enemy, and all men are called upon to do
what is in their power towards delivering him from this enemy.
If it is his own indolence that prevents or prohibits him, then his
own indolence is the enemy from which he must be delivered."
Thomas Carlyle says : "All work is noble : work alone is
noble. Blessed is he that has found his work : let him ask no other
blessedness. Two men I honor, and no third. First, the toilworn
craftsman, who with earth-made implement laboriously conquers
the earth, and makes her man's. A second man I honor, and still
more highly : him who is seen toiling for the spiritually indispens-
able ; not daily bread, but the bread of life. These two in all their
deg;rees I honor ; all else is chafif and dust, which let the wind blow
whither it listeth. We must all toil, or steal (howsoever we name
our stealing), which is worse."
Every necessity and comfort of life is produced through the
effort and labor of some person or persons. There is no article
of food or clothing so simple that it can be procured without
work. If this necessary labor is not performed by the individual
who actually eats the food or wears the clothing, some one else
must do the work. Thus, it may be clearly seen, that the greater
the number of people who are idle, the greater must necessarily
be the labor of those who do work, and the heavier must be the
burdens which the workers are compelled to bear.
There are only three classes of people that should be exempt
from work: the very young, the very old, and those who are ill.
Young children are expected to live by the work of their parents.
426 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the aged have earned a necessary rest, and those who are ill and
afflicted, must be labored for by other hands. All others should
work. The idle rich and the idle poor are equally a burden and a
menace to society.
However easy it may be, from the financial point of view, for
some parents to rear their children without work, society cannot
afford to let them do this and maintain a proper social balance.
Parents should put forth whatever of time and effort may be re-
quired of them, in order to teach their children how to work, and
to show children the true value of work. Every child should be
trained to earn his living ; and this training should be begun early.
The child should acquire the habit of work, and industry in his
youth. He should get this habit in his nerve-centers at the earliest
possible period. A child who grows up with idle hands is never
the adept at any work that he might have been had he been given
the opportunity to begin work early.
Many men, who by industry and perseverance, have become
eminently successful in a financial way, wonder how it is that their
boys seem to have no talents whatever in the same direction. Such
fathers do not stop to realize that in order to achieve efficiency
along any lines, boys must have a certain training, in early child-
hood, and must go through certain experiences while the mind is
plastic. If it is desirable that the son of the wealthy man be like
the father, this son must have a training, or experience similar
to the training and experience that the father has had. This may
not mean that he should do exactly the things that his father
did, and duplicate the experience that his father had — but it
does mean that he must be brought up along the same general
lines of efficiency training.
It is a noticeable fact that the daughter of the hard-work-
ing, industrious mother, is often a shiftless, irresponsible girl and
woman. This is at first glance a thing to be wondered at. On a
second thought, however, we understand how it comes about.
The mother foolishly does all of the work herself, and the daughter
is thus deprived of the opportunity to tread the path of training
which her mother enjoyed. What a mistake this is! If any girl
is to be industrious, she must have early experience in the school
of industry ; and if she is to be a worker in the world, she must
have long training in the school of efficiency and hard work.
It is of course true that some children turn out badly in spite
of the best training; and some become useful members of society,
even when their surroundings are most unfortunate. There are
<-ome who are brought up in idleness, and who later become
workers ; there are others who are brought up to work, and later
become idlers. As a rule, however, everything depends upon the
GUIDE LESSONS. A27
training that is given children, and the experiences through which
they pass as they grow up ; and other things being equal the child
brought up in idleness will be an idler, while he who is brought
up to work will be a toiler in the hive of industry.
It may be desirable, and even necessary, that the rich boy
shall take up a different line of .work from that taken up by the
poor boy, as each will have his own field of labor, and a different
place in the social organism. But every child shold be taught
to work and to realize that all honest, conscientious labor is honor-
able.
Women should not shirk the responsibility of work, nor the
more vital responsibility of teaching their children to work. Olive
Shriner says that the development of the race depends upon the
activity of the women. She holds, that every woman should be
busy, and should either have an opportunity to work, or make an
opportunity to work. The sphere of woman is usually in the
home ; but the fact that a woman may at any time be compelled
to support herself and her children, makes it highly important that
she have the ability to earn a living, and that she make the best
possible use of acquiring skill in any legitimate line that may be
open to her.
The acquiring of wealth is not the sole object of industry,
nor is it always the result of industry ; but poverty is sooner or
later the inevitable result of laziness, or the lack of industry. The
industrious man may or may not be wealthy, but he is assured of
a moderate competence, w^hich he feels and knows is necessary to
the fullest development of his powers, and the fullest enjoyment
of life. The lazy man, on the other hand, is assured of nothing;
and unless he is constantly given money, he must endure poverty.
Even if he inherits wealth, he loses it. He is generally too weak
to use it wisely, and eventually it goes. One writer says, "He
that is able and will not work, let him perish."
While there are many people in the world who will not work,
there are some who overwork. It is universally admitted "that all
work and no play makes Jack a dull boy ;" and it must, therefore,
be borne in mind that occasional relief from work is as necessary
to the fullest life as is work itself. To undertake more than one
is able to do is wrong, and the. results that come from such a
course of overwork are disastrous. Overwork lowers the resistance
and impairs the process of nutrition. The man who overworks,
gets little enjoyment out of life, and is old before his time. He
breaks nature's laws, and must pay the penalty.
Let time be used wiselv, but let it be regarded as a treasure
that is limited.
428 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
QUESTIONS.
1. Why should all healthy men work?
2. Why is work an opportunity?
3. Explain how a man's own indolence is his enemy.
4. Explain why the benefits of work are two-fold.
5. Give Carlyle's idea of work.
6. How is a community or even the world affected by idle
people ?
7. When should the work habit be formed in the life of an
individual ?
8. Why are the children of industrious parents often lazy
and incompetent?
9. How is it that the daughter of the hard working mother
is often shiftless?
10. Why does the rich man's son often become a poor man?
11. hat should be the attitude of woman men?
12. What is the result of honest, well directed labor?
13. What is the result of idleness?
14. Discuss overwork.
REFERENCES.
Prov. 19:15; Tim. 5:13; Prov. 6:6-11; 10:4,26; 12:24,27;
13 :4 ; 15 :19 ; 18 :9 ; 19 :15. 24 ; 20 :4, 13 ; 21 :25 ; 22 :13 ; 23 :21 ; 24 :
30; 26:13; Eel. 10:18; Ez. 16:49; I Tim. 4:11; II Tim. 3:10;
I Titus 5:13; Heb. 6:12.
ART.
Mahonri M. Young, Sculptor and Painter.
Devotees and their Shrines, pages 84 to 93.
(a) Tell of Young's parentage and ancestry. From whom
does he inherit art qualities, as well as great intellectuality?
(h') Describe "Hon's" gift and indicate the direction in
which he has used it.
(c) Describe his monument to the gulls on Temple Square.
(d) Describe his bronze figures of the Prophet and Patriarch
Joseph and Hyrum. They are extremely good portraits of the
character of each of the men. Describe the character of each as
portrnved bv ATr. Young. T Suggestion : Assign c and d to some
members who are going to the October Conference, and ask them
to make a close study of the statuary and monument to give at
bon^c in the lesson.")
(e) Study and describe the artist's wife (Celia Sharp).
Does the bust show the artist's affection ?
GUIDE LESSONS. 429
(f) Relate the story of the sea-gulls, as related by B. H.
Roberts, on page 90 of the art book.
(g) Describe : Plowing, (h) Deliverance, (i) Harvesting,
(j) Give a character sketch of B. H. Roberts as elaborated
in bronze by Young.
(k) To what is Young's national fame due?
(1) Why did not "Hon" give up when he went so many
months without an order, after his return home ? What was his
first order?
(m) What commissions has he filled for the "Mormon"
Church ?
(n) Describe his sculptures at the San Francisco Exposi-
tion?
(o) Why should the people of Utah be loyal to Hon Young?
(p) Has Hon Young been loyal to the people of Utah? In
what way has he shown it ?
I CI ) If history were told in an inartistic way, it must be soon
forgotten. What will result, if history is told in a highly artistic
way? The final deduction would be that if we would perpetuate
the achievements of our noble ancestors in redeeming a desert, and
in establishing commonwealths in the tops of the mountains, we
must employ artists, such as Hon Young, to create our statuary
and memorials.
Clothing for Women Past Forty.
By The Tzvo Sarahs.
SKIRTS.
To the question of Why do we wear clothes ? I hear the
answer of many women, To be in fashion.
Human clothing has three reasons why, first health, second
decency, third beauty.
"Health demands maintenance of a proper temperature of the
1)ody, protection from the elements, perfect liberty of action, and
freedom from pressure.
Decency demands covering, distinction between dress of men
and women, that no mistake can be made, fitness for the age and
character of the wearer, concealment — where possible — of any
unseemly personal defect.
Beauty demands truthfulness. The dress must be genuine
without any false pads ; using graceful forms of drapery, har-
430 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
mony of colors, a moderate consistency with prevailing styles,
as shalll produce the impression of sociability and suavity and
avoid self-assertion. The dress suiting the wearer as if it were
an outer body belonging to the same soul."
The very attractive, not too short, skirt of the coming season
will meet all these demands ; being a complete covering and pro-
tection, giving freedom of action, because of its fullness, perfectly
sanitary as to its length, while no cjuestion could' arise as to its
sex, and there is no call for pads or heavy lining to make it stylish.
So long live the decidedly charming skirt of 1915.
Webster says the skirt is that part of the lady's garment which
comes below the waist, but Dame Fashion says, "it shall be above
the waist line," and so it is and so it will remain another season.
A slender person may choose a style that falls a little full
from the waist, or the pretty two, three or five-piece ripple or flare
skirt ; or one with the panel front and inverted plaits at the side.
For the stouter lady the skirt with the hip section or a yoke, and a
slight ripple from the hip down, has a graceful effect; she too
can wear the plaits if pressed and tacked closely to within three
or four inches of the bottom of the skirt.
Choice of materials is not limited ; for winter use our own
Provo Woolen Mills goods ; we have the poplins, serges, gabar-
dines, broadclothes and the delightful taffetas ; large plaids in
silks.and serges are going to be quite the thing, and one of the
newest skirts is a combination of taffeta and serge.
For a serviceable street skirt, choose home-made broadcloth,
a poplin or a serge in black or navy blue, three yards and half ;
waist belting, from two and a half to four or five inches wide, a
skirt braid, one spool silk, and one spool thread, same color as
material.
Pin all your pattern carefully on the material before cutting.
If the goods has a nap or an up and down pattern, you will have
to cut the goods all one way ; if not, the pattern can be turned
up or down to save material. After cutting and baisting, fit the
belt, sewing on the hooks and eyes, then fit the skirt on the belt,
pinning the skirt in to fit the figure. Regulation length is three to
four inches from the ground. To obtain an even all around
length, have the person stand on the table, take a piece of card-
board the required number of inches from the floor, and mark
with chalk or pins. The seams cut on the bias should be finished
with a piece of tape or straight goods to prevent it from sagging.
The peg-top skirt can be made quite up to date, by turning it
upside down, letting out the plaits for the flare on the bottom of
the skirt and fittinsf the bottom of the skirt in to the belt.
430 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
TWO GOOD BOOKS FOR RELIEF SOCIETY LIBRARIES.
We wish to recommend to our readers the priceless collection
of extracts from the Prophet Joseph's writings, called "Joseph
Smith's Teachings." The work is divided and sub-divided into
topics with a good table of contents. Saints who prize the Gems
in the Compendium will appreciate this rich feast of extracts from
the lips of our beloved Prophet, the price, 75 cents.
Another faith-promoting book is Elizabeth R. Cannon's
"Cities of the Sun." This is a collection of charming stories
formed on historical incidents in the Book of Mormon. The book
is well illustrated and is cheap enough to permit any family to own
one. We hope our sitsers will enjoy the reading of this little book
as much as we have ; it fills the heart of the reader with gratitude,
the eye with beautiful images and the soul with faith.
UTAH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
Mothers, educate your daughters — and sons — to become invaluable
assets to the State and to the Nation.
Girls, prepare yourselves for ideal wives and mothers, by securing
an education in Housekeeping and Home-making at The Agricultural
College of the State of Utah.
RELIEF SOCIETY
HEADQUARTERS
For Approved Garments and Ladies* Utah Made
Dress Goods
Postage Prepaid and Samples Sent on Request
CUTLER'S, 36 Main Street
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The JEWELER
64 MAIN STREET
SALT LAKE CITY
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Wasatck 207
67 E. South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have nov/ the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
HOME OFFICE:
VERMONT BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
Questions for the September
art lesson will appear in our
August number.
All active members and art super-
visors should send to us for the
art reference book
Devotees and
Their Shrines
$1.25 POSTPAID
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There are two brands of but-
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These butters taste right because
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UNIVERSITY or UTAH
'ifll'^ LAKE CITY, UTAH==
In^ruction begins Monday, September 20th.
Regi^ration of students, and entrance examinations on Thurs-
day, Friday, Saturday, September 1 6th, 1 7th, 1 8th.
Beautiful grounds, fine buildings and equipment, and special-
ists in all departments are AT YOUR SERVICE.
Courses are offered that prepare for almost any vocation in
addition to giving a broad and liberal education — a preparation for
a life as well as a living.
The credits of the University of Utah are accepted in full by
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Full information sent upon request.
University of Utah
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
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Pacific Coast Excursions
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Vol. II
OCTOBER, 19 15
No. 10
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
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Seed and Nursery Specialists for U. S. A. SALT LAKE
The Relief Society Magazine
Owned and Published by the General Bom-d of the Relief Society of tht
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
OCTOBER, 1915.
Music in the Church and in the ReHef Society 433
The Place of Music in Ward and Stake ReHef Society. . . .
Lucy May Green 443
His Wife's Talents -.Elsie Chamberlain Carroll 447
In the Kitchen Laboratory Hazel Love Dunford 451
Notes from the Field Amy B. Lyman 453
A Prince of Ur Homespun 454
Current Topics James H, Anderson 462
Editorial 464
Guide Lessons 466
Music 472
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist.
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
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CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
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South Main, Salt Lake City.
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MUTUAL CHEAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street
Salt Lake City.
SUPPLIES FOR TEMPLE USES.
THOMAS, Photographer.
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UNIVERSITY OF UTAH, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt L«k« Qtr-
Z. C. M. I., Salt Lake City. ^
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING
'nil'. coMMirii-.R OF ri-:iji:f sdcii-.ty school of ob-
stetrics AND NURSING AND PUBLIC HEALTH WORK is
pleased to announce the opening of the TWELFTH RELIEF SOCIETY
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING on Monday, September
20th, 1915, under the direction of the General Board of Relief Society.
School term eight months.
Course A — Entrance fee for the course in Obstetrics, which includes
nursing and invalid cooking — $50.00.
Course B — Entrance fee for course in Nursing, which includes invalid
cooking— $25.00.
Course C — At intervals during the school year, lectures on Public
Health, Prevention and Treatment of Diseases, etc., will be given by emi-
nent physicians, surgeons, and specialists. No charge.
Course D — A class in Invalid Cooking will be conducted by experts;
no extra charge for students taking other courses.
Instructor, DR. MARGARET C. ROBERTS.
Dr. Roberts has successfully conducted our School of Nurses nine
school years, graduating over 300 Relief Society nurses. The work done
by these ministering angels furnishes an ideal of true Relief Society ser-
vice.
Dr Roberts has for over 20 years, conducted private classes in ob-
stetrics, but this year* we are gratified to announce the class in Obstetrics
will be under our own supervision. Dr. Roberts' graduates in Obstretrics
have invariably passed successful examinations before the Utah State
Medical Board. For further information, write to the Secretary of the
Committee, Elizabeth S. Wilcox, Relief Society Headquarters, Bishop's
Building, Salt Lake City.
PRISCILLA P. JENNINGS, Chairman.
EstablUhed I860 Incorporated 1908
S. M. TAYLOR & CO.
UNDERTAKERS AND
EMBALMERS
SUCCESSORS TO
JOSEPH E. TAYLOR
The Pioneer Undertaker of the Weil
33 years in one location
251-253-255-257 EAST FIRST SOUTH ST.
SALT LAKE CITY. UTAH
EFFICIENT SERVICE
MODERN METHODS COMPLETE EQUIPMENT
WE LOVE OUR WORK.
Song for Relief Soeiety Choirs.
Sung to the tune of "I know that my Redeemer hves," or, "Praise
ye the Lord, 'tis good to raise."
By M. E. Ah el.
We love our work, we want to live
That Father's blessings we'll receive
Help us to cleanse our hearts from sin.
That Thy pure love may dwell therein.
O Father, grant us strength and power ;
Our mission needs Thee every hour.
Help us in what we want to do,
That to our trust we may prove true.
We want to live our love to show
To Father's children here below.
We want to comfort in distress.
We want to give all happiness.
We want to leave no stone unturned ;
We want our lesson here well learned ;
We want to point to Heaven's goal,
To help in saving every soul.
We want to show our bishops all.
We're minute women at their call ;
We want no more to speak unkind,
But good in others quickly find.
We want our lives at home, abroad.
To show that we are Saints of God,
That our good works may ever bring
Glorv and praise to Christ our King.
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward
General Music Director of the Relief Society.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. OCTOBER, 1915. No. 10
Music in the Church and in the
Relief Society.
No people on the earth have appreciated music, or have given
more encouragement to the untrammeled expression of this ex-
quisite art, than have the Latter-day Saints.. The Prophet Joseph
Smith loved music with a strength that amounted to a passion. He
'.vns not himself a trained musician, but his soul was atuned to har-
mony in every sphere. So that, under the inspiration of the Lord,
he made music a part of every ritual and sacrament of this Church.
In 1830, when the Church was organized, music in the United
States was in its swaddling clothes. Dr. Lowell Mason was just
beginning his pioneering work of improving the New England
psalmody. There was no public orchestra, no philharmonic, no
opera, no chamber music recitals, and no music publishing houses.
A very few operatic and instrumental virtuosi later found their
way from Europe to America, that is, between 1840-1850. Only
one choral society existed — the Handel and Hayden Society of
Boston, founded in 1815. Churches still looked upon secular
music as second only in allurement and danger to dancing and
"playacting."
The Latter-day Saints made a bold leap into musical tradi-
tion when they incorporated all musical possibilities in social inter-
course, on the hearthstone, and at the altar.
Away back in Kirtland, the Prophet made music an integral
part of every social, domestic, and divine service. Elder M. C.
Davis was the choir-leader there, and he had at least three assist-
ants ; for when the Kirtland temple was dedicated, the choir was
divided into four parts, and placed in the four corners of the
room, while the four choristers had seats in the pulpits at each
end of the hall. The songs sung on that glorious occasion were
nearlv all original; "Ere Long the Veil will Rend in Twain," by
Parley P. Pratt, and "Oh Happy Souls who Pray," "Hosanna,"
434 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"This Earth was once a Garden Place." the latter three written bv
W. W. Phelps. One hymn by Watts, "How Pleased and Blessed
was I," was placed upon the program. The congregation no
doubt joined in the happy strains of prayer and praise on that
wonderful occasion.
The Prophet's close associate — Brigham Young — came from
a musical family ; his father, John Young, was an excellent singer,
while his mother, Abigail Howe, was one of the first Howe sisters
who sang everywhere in their native Massachusetts towns. The
Young brothers — John, Joseph, Brigham, and Lorenzo — sang
quartets with natural harmonic gifts. The Prophet loved to
hear the Young brothers sing, and often invited them to his house
to make music. "Mother" Whitney — wife of Bishop Newel K.
Whitney — was a sweet singer, and her quaint ballads and hymns
were always called for in the home of the Prophet.
Susan Devine was Nauvoo's most glorious female singer.
She was a sister-in-law to William Pitt, the leader of the brass
band and of the string band of Nauvoo. Another Nauvoo mu-
.'-ician was Mrs. Pitchforth, who was an accomplished pianist ;
she went from house to house, giving melodeon, piano and organ
lessons — for there were pianos in Nauvoo, President John Taylor
had one, and President Heber C. Kimball had one and brought
his piano across the plains to the Valley. The splendid Nauvoo
Martial Band, under the baton of Demick Huntington, was an in-
spiration to young and old, alike.
There were pioneer distinctions between a "string-band,"
which had violins and viols as the greater part of the equipment,
and the "martial band" which was made up of reed instruments
augmented by drums and cymbals, and the brass band was a grouj)
of brasses and drums. These bands, with the established church
choir, were all a necessary part of the life of Kirtland, of Missouri,
and especially of Nauvoo.
Many of the early Saints were Methodist converts, and these
brought with them the gems of Watts and Wesley. The Prophet
discarded such hymns as "Come, ye Sinners Poor and Wretched,"
Imt loved, "Guide us, O Thou great Jehovah" and "How Firm a
Foundation." '
It was the hal)it of our song writers and song singers at that
time to "com]wse" words to fit any favorite tune — whether re-
ligious or secular. In this, they copied all of the early church
musicians. We had manv song singers and song writers during
the first thirty years. Among these were Parley P. Pratt. W. W.
Phelps, our own beloved Eliza R. Snow. John Jaques, Wm. Clay-
ton, C. \Y . Penrose, Henry W. Naisbitt, and Alexander Niebaur.
The earliest hvmn composers were C. J. Thomas. John Tullidge
and that dean of "Mormon" musicians and composers, George
Careless. His hvmns constitute our most beautiful contribution
MUSIC IX THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 435
to Church nmsic, while he himself brought choral music to its
highest mark in our history.
One of the pioneer musicians — Prof. C. J. Thomas, conductor
of orchestra and choirs, has the distinction of being the oldest
active musical worker in the Church. John Kay was a famous
singer of Xauvoo. Duzette was a favorite leader in those days.
A famous Utah pioneer orchestral conductor was Captain Ballo.
a converted Italian, who had been the leader of the Brass Band at
West Point, before joining the Church. When asked once why
he did not bear his testimony, he replied in broken English: "I
bear my testimony with this," at the same time fingering his be-
loved clarinet. He is said to have been a finished clarinet player,
and fine musician. Of the early choir leaders were John Parry,
Stephen Goddard. James Smithies. C. J. Thomas, Robert Sant,
George Careless and Ebenezer Beesley.
. Mention must be made of Professor Evan Stephens who,
although much later, is equally gifted as poet, composer, singer
and leader. He has made an indelible name for himself in the
musical annals of this Church. The Tabernacle Choir, under
Prof. Stephens has taken three epochal trips, one to the Chi-
cago Fair, one to sing for the Irrigation Congress in New York
City, and one to Los Angeles and San Francisco The present
Choir is greatly enlarged and is of international fame.
Xot all the fine musicians are located in Salt Lake City, by
any means. This little sketch could not reach to half the Church
boundaries, and proclaim the excellence of stake and ward choirs,
leaders, singers, instrumentalists and composers who constitute
a very remarkable percentage of every one of our eight hundred
Avards and branches with the seventy-odd stake divisions that
constitute our Church today. Among locally famous musicians.
none surpass in magnetic leadership, and in extreme popularity.
^-he dean of music at the Brigham Young University. Professor
.\nton C. Lund, a graduate of the Leipsic Conservatory. The
leader of the Provo choir. Prof. Adolph Boshard. is a natural
musician of fine taste and enthusiastic leadershhiix Prof. George
Thatcher of Logan is one of L'tah's most scholarly and polished
musicians. His sister. Xettie Thatcher Sloan, is also a fine mu-
sician, pianist and singer.
The Ogden Tabernacle Choir, under the leadership of Prof.
Joseph Ballantyne. has a national reputation. His work is of the
highest type of leadership and musical beauty. He took his
superb choir to the Portland Fair, and recently to the Panama-
Pacific and California Expositions, with credit to all concerned.
Another local favorite musician is John Chamberlain whose
sweet song written and dedicated to the "Relief Society, appears
in this number.
His choir of little girls who sang this song at lieadquarters
MUSIC IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 437
recently demonstrated anew the affectionate regard in which this
zealous and faithful musical leader is held by those who know
his worth.
It will be remembered that none of the churches during the
middle ages permitted women singers to take part in the rituals.
Not until Martin Luther broke away so completely from the nar-
row tradition of the mother church, were women permitted to
sing in public or in the church. And even now, women are not
allowed as a rule to sing in the Catholic church choirs, nor in the
High Church Episcopalian services, where men and boys carry
forward all the official musical exercises. The Protestants, how-
ever, permitted women to sing in the congregations, and mixed
quartets began to be quite popular in the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries. But it was a long while before organs were permitted
in the churches of the reformers and their later followers.
In ancient Hebrew times, women were aff'orded wide oppor-
tunities in musical work. We read in the scriptures of there
being men and women singers in all the temple services Miriam
sang and danced at the head of the women on the shores of the
Red Sea, giving responses to the song of Moses, who led the men
in that solemn festival. Deborah sang an exquisite song of
triumph, after her victory over Sisera. Mary's song is still
the masterpiece- of the ages, and is sung as the magnificat in all
the Catholic churches.
But with the apostasy of the Middle Ages women were driven
out of their places in the church services, and art, music, science,
and education altogether were confined to the priests.
No greater evidence of the liberality of the Church to women
could be shown, than in the revelation which was given to the
Prophet's wife— Emma Smith— in July, 1830, directly after the
Church was organized. Think of it, you women who bask now
in the sunshine of inherited freedom and equality with the men in
this Church! Think what it meant for the Lord to say to this
wonderful and favored woman :
"And it shall be given thee, also, to make a selection of sacred
hymns, as it shall be given thee, which is pleasing unto me, to be
had in my Church ;
"For my soul delighteth in the song of the heart, yea, the
song of the righteous is a prayer unto me, and it shall be answered
with a blessing upon their heads."
Through this revelation the door of advancement was
opened, and women were given a wonderful opportunity for art
culture The first hvmn book of the Saints was prepared by
Brigham Young, Parley P. Pratt and John Taylor, in Liverpool,
n 1840. Since then, this book has passed through 25 editions,
md is the most popular published work in the Church.
The combination of women's voices in duets, trios, and choral
4.^S RI-Lllil'SOCIIi'l')' MAGAZINE.
work is very modern indeed. (Jne hundred years would cover
the time that such ])rivilep,e and opportunity have heen offered
for women singers.
Within the hist 25 years, everywhere in the Christian world,
women have entered boldly into every phase of musical achieve-
ment, except, perhaps, one, and that is in the composition and
conducting of great choral and operatic works. There are a num-
l)er of gifted women composers in tlie simplest musical forms —
women conductors are known, while women performers and vocal-
ists are as numerous as sands upon the seashore. When the Lord
gave Emma Smith that wonderful revelation, there were few
women in musical life, and no American had then attempted
to gather and publish a collection of hymns. Side by side with
men, women sang in all of the Kirtland and Nauvoo choirs, and
enlivened the dreary and unhappy journeys across the plains, with
the Utah pioneers. Every company had its choir and every ward
church since then, has had a mixed choir, where women sing, and
usually compose the greater number of such choirs.
The Church has produced a galaxy of women singers of
varied rank and power. Among them, in early days, Susan
Devine leads with Elizabeth Ann Whitney, Mary Ellen Kimball.
Melissa Jane Bigler Lambson, Sophia Goodrich Hardy, Elizabeth
Neslin, Zina D. H. Young, Emily Partridge, and Ennneline B.
Wells as associate singers in the choir and around the hearth-
stones of the Nauvoo and Utah pioneer homes. Tt would be im-
])ossible to name all of the gifted singers of former or later davs
in the limits of this In'ief article. Some historian shcnild assume
this pleasing duty.
Sister Eliza R. Snow was beloved by the Prophet for her rare
poetic gifts. She was one of the greatest hymn writers we have
ever had. Her hymn, "O my Eather," is one of the standard
hymns of the Church. She early began her hymn-writing, and con-
tinued throughout all her life. In her later years, she made a fine
collection of hymns which she published for the Primary Associa-
tion. So exacting was she in this labor, that she carried on a
voluminous correspondence with eastern composers in order to
make her work as nearly perfect as might be.
Chief of all of the Utah pioneer women singers stands the
name of peerless Lavinia Careless whose glorious lyric soprano
voice transported the soul to heavenly realms on the rising waves
of melod}'. The early Church Was full of beautiful singers.
Among them may be mentioned Eanny Young Thatcher, daughter
of President Young, who was both singer and performer. Tn a
family where all were musical, and some were excellent musicians.
Eann}- was the best — her voice was sweet, true, and very sym-
pathetic, while her piano and organ "touch" was exquisitely beau-
tiful. She was one of the pioneer organists of the old tabernacle.
MUSJC IX THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 439
under Professor C. J. Thomas, her sister ^lary preceding her in
this position. Her sister Janet was Hkewise an excellent
singer and player. Among these pioneer singers was Lizzie
Xunn, who was a famous singer, of English birth. Then came
Margaret Thomas Romney, who was noted as being a beautiful
soubrette actress, and with a charming soprano voice ; also Eliz-
abeth ("Lizzie") C. L. Thomas, wife of Professor Thomas. Later
came ^^largaret Swan Hull, lovely dramatic soprano ; Sarah Olson
Langford, who followed ^Irs. Careless as leading soprano of the
Tabernacle choir; Agnes Olsen Thomas, whose contralto voice
was the inspiration and delight of all Utah ; Louie Wells, who had
a rare dramatic soprano, while her sister Emmie — both daughters
of our honored President Emmeline B. Wells — was also a sweet
singer. Nellie Druce Pugsley. supreme as Utah's lyric soprano,
is still singing to the delight of all ; Bessie Dean Allison, whose
rich and mellow contralto voice will never be forgotten in Utah
nor ever heard again. She possessed a splendid contralto voice,
which she used, however, only in light opera, where she has been
a favorite for a number of years. She died Sept. 2, this year, in
Ogden. A relative of hers, Ella Ridges, possessed a beautiful
voice, and sang very charmingly.
The three Tout singers have beautiful voices, and both Hazel
and Margaret have made a pronounced success on the light opera
stage. Margaret and Nannie both had gifts which would have
qualified them for grand opera, if they had taken the time and
spent the money necessary for this arduous labor and exalted
position. Margaret Tout Browning is the possessor of a mag-
nificent voice, with a charming personality which wins friends
wherever she goes. It is a great pity that she confines her work
to light opera fields.
Hazel Taylor Peery is another favorite local singer, and pos-
sesses a lovely, light, coloratura soprano voice: and is also a
charming actress, with much histrionic ability. She has studied
in the east, and if she had gone on the stage, she unquestionably
would have made a great success.
Emma Ramsey Alorris is one of Utah's greatest and most
gifted dramatic sopranos. She had a good training under Mme.
torrelli of Berlin. If she had followed her profession only she
could have attained the greatest heights. Arvilla Clark Andelin is
still another gifted and favored contralto. Luella Ferrin Sharp
is a beautiful and popular lyric soprano. Mrs. Delia Daynes Hill
is another exquisitely lovely soprano. Mrs. Leonine Savage is still
another brilliant soprano, who was well-beloved here. Edna Evans,
in charge of the vocal department of the L^ni versify of Utah, has a
sweet and flexible soprano, and is as well a fine little actress.
Among our Salt Lake singers might be mentioned Sarah Lees
Woods, who has a lovely voice, and sings today in the Salt Lake
440 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Choir, and Nellie Niebaur is both singer, performer and teacher,
and she has taught her own children, besides many others, to ex-
press themselves musically and with charm. Mrs. Lottie Crozier
is another of our local musicians, who has made a name for her-
self.
Among those who have studied abroad, Lillie Shipp is a very
charming singer, and possesses a high and clear soprano voice
with much beauty of tone and considerable coloratura. She spent
many years in Germany, studying under the famous Madame
Corelli, and is indeed an excellently trained singer.
Florence Jepperson of Provo, is perhaps the greatest contralto
this Church has known. Miss Jepperson is much better known
in Boston than she is in Utah ; but she is an artist of rare gifts and
wonderful personality. It is a pity Utah does not know her better.
Among all the Church singers, Emma Lucy Gates is supreme.
Of international fame, her genius — which Emerson said is the
capacity for hard work — places her among the greatest coloratura
sopranos this world has produced. With a range of over three
octaves, running up to F in alt, her silver notes are as true and
as free as a carolling bird's. Miss Gates has the distinction of
being the only Utah singer who has attained to grand opera, and
Royal Grand Opera at that. She is as great an actress as singer,
and made an unsurpassed record as the prima donna of the Berlin
and Cassell Royal Opera houses. She was our first Utah singer
who went to Germany for her training. And perhaps the one
point about that training that should be noted here, is that she
retained her faith and integrity from first to last, and that she set
the example for all who followed after, of keeping the Word of
Wisdom, attending to her meetings, and of preserving herself as a
Latter-day Saint in whatever society she might be thrown.
We had many early women music teachers ; of the Nauvoo
teachers we have mentioned Mrs. Pitchforth. Some early Utah
teachers were Dr. Romania B. Penrose, Charlotte Cobb, Sarah
Ann Cook, and Sarah Godwin Brown.
Among the women instrumentalists, who have achieved place
and distinction, not only at home but abroad, we would perhaps
name first Sybella Clayton, pianist, and Romania Hyde, violinist.
Romania Hyde is still very young, but she is a genius, has a mar-
velous technique for one so young, combined with a brilliant and
magnetic personality, and she has a rarely beautiful tone on her
instrument. Sybella Clayton studied in Germany also, and is a
wonderful pianist. She has almost a masculine touch in its
strength, united with a delicacy of expression which is unsur-
passed. She is an ideal accompanist also, and is a genius in her
own right. Mattie Reed Evans also went to Germany for study,
and was at one time one of our leading pianists. Marriage and
MUSIC IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 441
the cares of a home rob us of many women professionals among
us ; but we would not have it otherwise.
Alice Calder Tuddenham was a musician, and did a great
deal of work for the Y. L. M. I. A. before her family demanded
her presence at home.
Another charming violinist is Phyllis Thatcher Spicher who
was in Boston and New York, and who possesses a delicacy and
fragile loveliness which expresses itself on her violin with touch-
ing appeal.
Since the Relief Society has undertaken to encourage the
foundation of ward and stake Relief Society choirs, there has
been a great awakening in musical matters in this Society.
We present in this number an excellent article from the pen
of one of our gifted Stake Choir leaders, Mrs. Lucy May Green
of Granite stake. We have also a piece of music she has com-
posed which will be used in a later issue. Both article and music
prove the intelligent quality of Sister Green's work.
The General Board would like still further to encourage this
important and highly commendable activity. As one phase of the
work,- we would suggest that the choir leaders secure a little data
and history of music in their own ward and society, to preserve in
the annals of their Society.
We are presenting to you as the frontispiece of this number
the picture of our General Chorister- — Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Ed-
ward— one of our most brilliant musicians, who is herself a rarely
beautiful singer, and the leader not only of our own General
choir, but also of the Nineteenth Ward choir, where she
lives. Mrs. Edward has the distinction, which is a sad and
yet beautiful one, of singing at more funerals than any
other musician in the Church. She has seldom, if ever, re-
fused to sing over the biers of the departed. Her voice is a clear,
sweet soprano of great range and perfect pitch. Mrs. Edward
has had many pupils, and is still a successful and favorite teacher
in this city. She has brought the music for our semi-annual con-
ferences into prominence, and has provided a rich, musical feast
for all these occasions. The splendid choir which she gathered
recently, and which she trained so ably, presented her with gifts
and flowers, an^d letters of appreciation at our last conference.
Associated with ]\Irs. Edward is Miss Edna Coray, a singu-
larly gifted and modest musician who has a wonderful organ touch
and considerable technique. She is the only woman in the Church
who can and does play the large organ in the Tabernacle and in
the Assembly Hall. She had her training in the east, and is well
equipped for the work she does. She is sympathetic in her accom-
paniments, quick in her musical apprehension, and ftill of artistic
qualities in all of her labors.
We are very ha[)py that nuisic has thus become a part of
our Relief Societv work.
442 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Sister Eliza R. Snow loved music, and those who have fol-
lowed in her footsteps — Sisters Zina D. H. Young, and Sister
Bathsheba W. Smith have been equally interested in this sublime
art. as applied to Relief Society work, while President Emmeline
B. Wells sang" in the Nauvoo Temple choir, and loved music pass-
ing well. She has written a number of hymns herself, some of
which are included in our hymn book.
The study and practice of music enlarges the soul and refines
the feelings. JNIusic is the only art which is referred to in the
Scrii)tures as a part of heaven itself. The Jews would not permit
paintings or images to appear in any of their homes and houses of
worship. Indeed the second commandment enjoins us from the
making of iniages for religious purposes. We read of no other
art practiced so universally in the heavenly courts as that of music.
Music is the reward of the righteous, and the occupation of the
angels.
The birth of the Savior was announced by a heavenly choir,
and all the forms anrl rituals of the early and later Hebrews 'held
music as the very center and speech of all rituals. Music is but
the exalted expression of love, harmony and worship.
ATTENTION, OFFICERS!
MEMBERSHIP IN THE REr.IEF SOCIETY.
Any woman of good character from the oldest to the young-
est who desires to unite with the Society shall be welcomed there-
in. Applicant should be recommended by a member and be re-
ceived by the majority vote of the members present.
Membership in the Relief Society is perpetual.
One roll shall be kept to contain the names of all the mem-
bers and the roll shall be called at all regular meetings. No name
shall be removed except by request of the individual ; or by a two-
thirds vote of the members present at a meeting, and for good
and sufficient reasons. Opposite the name of the member re-
moved or deceased, there should be written the word "Removed"
or "Deceased" and the date.
Immediately after December 1 of each year the officers of
the Relief Society should visit every member, giving special atten-
tion to non-attendants and urging such members to become active
in the Relief Society work. Special effort should be made to enroll
those who are eligible and who are not members of the Relief
Society.
Where members are unable or unwilling to pay annual dues,
after earnest personal solicitatic)n on the part of the Society offi-
cers, the Society should make uj) the amount from its general
funds, and notifv the individual of this action.
The Place of Music in Ward and
Stake Relief Society.
Lucy May Crccn. Chorister, Granite Stake.
"Oh how \vc love to sing" the songs
Of Zion's 1:)lest abode !
They canse our liearts to burn with joy
And help us on the road.
There's comfort in their cheering words
That warms the strangest heart.
Xo other songs we hear todav
Can such delight impart-"
— R. B. Baird. -
The lieautitul thought suggested l)v this verse sliould enter
the spirit of every Relief Society member, and we should all
use our influence and the talents with which we are l)lessed.
to raise the standard of singing and music in our Relief Societ\'
gatherings.
How can this be accomplished? First. — every \\'ard Society
should have a chorister and an organist. These sisters should be
chosen, not for musical ahilitv alone, 1)ut musicians should be
chosen who have bright, sunny natures, tact, punctuality and
faithfulness. The chorister and organist should be prompt and
diligent in attendance at meetings, and should understand how
to read. play, and sing the songs of Zion. A good chorister is one
who not only gives lip service, but whose heart is in the work
and whose songs of the heart are acceptable until Him who has
said, — "For my soul delighteth in the song of the heart; yea, the
song of the righteous is a prayer unto me, and it shall lic an-
swered with a blessing on their heads."
Second. — Relief Society choirs should be organized wherever
it is possible — not to do all the singin_g, but to lead the singing in
the Relief Society meetings. All should join in the song of
praise to our Father. And those who are not blessed with a
voice for singing, should follow the words and sing with their
hearts that thev too mav merit the promised blessings.
The Relief Societ\" choir should meet regularly for practice:
and at times, it would be well for the i^rcsidcnt to alhnv the
chorister a half hour in tlie general meeting to jiractice with the
societv. that new Iniuns and songs may be learned.
There are a numlxM" of wavs to keep U]) interest in \\'ard Re-
444 RELUil- SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
lief Society choir work, and I would suggest a few : Use your
Relief Society choir to furnish music at your ward Relief Society
conferences, annuals and on Anniversary Day — 17th day of March.
Tf the bishop gives a Sunday meeting to your organization, call on
your choir to sing. \'isit the homes of the aged and bedridden
Saints, sing to them and bring sunshine into their lonely lives.
Visit hospitals or infirmaries and render a suitable program.
"Spend a day together in the House of the Lord." At funerals,
often the ward choir cannot attend in full, as the men are busy
on the farm or in the store or office. Here is a good field for a
well-balanced Relief Society choir. I recall several funerals
where the Relief Society choir has rendered beautiful and appro-
priate music.
Have an occasional social with a program of national songs.
We are a cosmopolitan people, and enjoy hearing and singing the
"old countrv" tunes. At a recent choir social, we listened with
equal pleasure to "Our mountain home so dear," "Annie Laurie,"
"Ye banks and l)raes," and a group of Swiss and German mel-
odies. These are a few suggestions ; but all have been tried out
and found of use in the Granite stake.
Third, — Stake choirs — each stake should be proud to own
a stake Relief Society choir, to furnish music for the monthly
officers' meetings, conferences, and conventions. Its member-
ship should consist of all local choristers and choir members,
and others who care to belong. Its field of labor is somewhat
broader, but it can work along the same lines as the ward Relief
Society choir.
Fourth. — to have successful music in our Society, both stake
and ward the songs chosen should be appropriate to the work of
the day, and the theme of the meeting. Here is where the good
judgment and tact of the chorister should be used, for a song can
give the ke}mnte of a meeting, or it can change the tone and almost
spoil the spirit of the gathering. On one occasion, at a meeting
held on the anniversary of the martyrdom of the Prophet and his
brother, when the hearts of those present were full of sad mem-
ories and of love for the departed, instead of singing, "Praise to
the man who communed with Jehovah," or the familiar song of
praise and prayer. "We thank thee, O God, for a Prophet," a
thoughtless chorister announced, and the choir sang, — "Don't kill
the little birds !"
There is a popular idea that exists in the minds of the breth-
ren, that the favorite song of the sisters is "Come all ye sons
of Zion." While we do not sing this as often as of yore, in many
of our societies, the choice of songs is limited to a very few old,
familiar tunes. One reason for this, is that very few have their
own books, and so many think that their singing davs are over.
The Lord savs, "Sing and rejoice ye daughters of Zion."
PLACE OF MUSIC IN THE RELIEF SOCIETY. 445
Let us wake up musically, and sing with spirit and under-
standing. "Let everything that hath breath, praise the Lord.
Praise ye the Lord." What shall we sing? From the days of
1830, when Emma Smith was commanded by the Lord to make a
selection of sacred hymns, "to be used in my Church," up to the
present day, we have had many collections of hymns and sacred
songs, and all of them are good. But after ten years' experience
in Relief Society choir work, I find no book better for Rehef
Society meetings than the new Sunday School Song Book. In it
there are songs suitable for all occasions, and a large number of
them express the real spirit and genius of our work. Choristers
can select their lists. I suggest that hymns written by our gifted
women be used — hymns written by Eliza R. Snow, Mrs. Emme-
i'ne B. Wells, L. L. G. Richards, Emily H. Woodmansee, Susa
Young Gates, Hannah Cornaby, and others. "Seek, and ye shall
find" them. Rejoice in the Lord ; again, I say unto you rejoice."
SONGS OF THE SEASONS.
Spring-
72 The opening buds of springtime.
250 Easter morning (Duet).
14 Catch the sunshine.
Spring. April Relief Society Magazine, 1915.
37 Sowing.
195 Are we sowing seeds of kindness ?
264 What shall the harvest be?
Summer.
75 Earth with her ten thousand flowers.
169 Days of summer glory (Duet).
228 O bright smiling morning.
123 There is beauty in the forest.
Autumn — "Wheat" meetings.
132 Waiting for the reapers.
168 To the giver of all blessings.
Song of the wheat. February Relief Societv Magazine.
1915.
138 Today, while the sun shines.
Winter.
180 The Bright New Year.
116 The joy and the song.
143 Providence is over all.
446 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Ill Don't worry.
156 Should the changes of Life.
172 When the mists have rolled away.
Relief Society Hymns.
196 Scatter sunshine.
197 Make the world brighter.
207 Have I done any good, etc.
222 Sunshine in your hearts.
265 Let us oft speak kind words.
239 Let's be kind to one another.
60 Ere the sun goes down.
53 Improve the shining moments.
146 Let us treat each other kindly.
88 Nay, speak no ill
178 Put your shoulder to the wheel.
35 Sweet is the work.
135 Come follow me.
208 Think gently of the erring one.
268 Jesus, I my cross have taken.
269 The Relief Society- October number Relief Society Maga-
zine.
At Joseph Smith Meetings.
260 Father of life and light.
41 Oh how lovely was the morning.
24 Praise to the man.
The Seer. (Psalmody), solo.
177 Sing, sing the wondrous story.
234 One hundred years.
For Patriotic Occasions.
215 America.
22 Flag of the free.
18 Utah, we love thee.
202 Utah, the star of the West.
200 Proud? yes of our home, etc.
GENEALOGICAL CLASSES FOR THE RELIEF SOCIETY
CONFERENCE.
On Friday and Saturday, October 1 and 2, the Relief Society
conference will be held in Salt Lake City. There will be four
genealogical classes held, at 4 :30 p. m. on Friday and Saturday,
October 1 and 2, and Tuesday and Wednesday, October 5 and 6,
in the Bishop's Building, under the auspices of the General Board
of the Relief Society. The attendance at these classes will be
optional. All will be heartily welcome. No delegates will be called.
His Wife's Talents.
^■v Elsie Chamherlain Carroll.
"O, by the way, Kate, I met Blanche Norris this morning and
she wanted me to ask you if you would play in an entertainment.
The Relief Society is going to give next week to raise funds
for our stricken Saints in Europe." Congratulating himself on his
memory, Frank Ashton folded his napkin and pushed back his
chair.
"Me play in a pubHc entertainment!" gasped his wife. For
goodness sake, Frank, what did you tell her?"
"Why, I told her I was sure you would be glad to do so and
thanked her for giving you a chance. You don't get out enough,
my dear. There is no need for women staying as closely at home
as most of you do. You would make better wives if you didn't.^ I
hope you won't miss an opportunity like playing in this entertain-
ment."
Kate swallowed hard to keep back the tears that suddenly
sprang to her eyes- Why couldn't men understand? She had a
mingled feeling of self-pity and resentment, but she said as calmly
as possible,
"Why, Frank, you ought to know that I could no more play
the piano in a public entertainment that Kathryn could."
It was the husband's turn to look surprised now.
"Well, I should think you would hate to admit that all the
time and 'money you spent on a musical education has been
wasted," he remarked critically.
"You know very well, Frank, that I have scarcely touched the
piano since we were married and it doesn't take six years to forget
a good deal of music."
"Well, why haven't you been practicing up? You have a
piano now." (He had surprised her with one on her birthday two
weeks before.) "What do you suppose I sunk five hundred dollars
• in a piano for, anyway, if vou are not going to do anything with
it? You know I have felt guilty ever since we were married to
think that you were giving up your music because I could not af-
ford a piano for vou. So the first five hundred I could clear above
actual necessities went for that. That five hundred would have
bought five shares in the new Irrigation Company and would have
netted us a hundred dollars a year and maybe more. Not every
man would miss a chance to go into a paying proposition like that
just to give his wife something he thought she would enjoy, i
thought vou wculd at least appreciate my side of it."
448 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"I do, Frank. It was lovely of you. But you don't know —
I hardly have time to dust the piano, let alone to practice on it."
'Again Mr. Ashton looked his surprise.
"Well, if I remember correctly when I first met you you were
teaching fifty children,and still you found time to practice,then,and
to play in every entertainment that came along. It is the strangest
thing to me how easily you women give up your talents and ambi-
tions. You never see us men settling down so completely that we
forget all the interests we had when we were boys- What would
the world come to if we did? But you women — here you have
only four children to take care of now, instead of fifty, and yet you
t-ay you haven't time to practice. Why, Kate you were the best
pianist in the country when I married you. Why do you want
to bury your talent ? It is not right. I don't understand."
This was no news to Kate. But how could she make him
understand? When she married she had made up her mind to
keep all the petty little worries of the home to herself. If the man
earned the bread, she told herself, the woman should not trouble
him with how it was to be mixed and baked and eaten. And so she
had done her best to make her home attractive and cheerful, and
had kept all her own difficulties and perplexities in the back-
ground. And now it seemed to Frank that the keeping of a five-
roomed cottage and the care of four small children was a mere
passtime.
The man saw that somehow he had hurt his wife, so he mol-
lified his tone as he continued.
"I don't mean to be harsh, my dear, but I'm really in earnest.
You have a wonderful talent in music and I don't want you to
neglect it. You say you haven't time to practice . Let me give you
a recipe to make time. Plan your work. Go at it systematically as
we men do in our business. That's the secret of success every
time System. That's the whole thing in a nut shell. Try it, my
dear, and I'm sure you'll find that you have time on your hands."
Glancing at his watch, Mr. Ashton grabbed his hat, and hastily
kissing his wife goodbye left the room.
He poked his head in at the door a moment later, however,
and exclaimed irritably,
"What do you suppose those youngsters have been doing?
They've driven my bicycle tires full of nails. It seems to me that
they are always up to some such mischief and they ought to know
better. They need a little systematic discipline. Now this means
that I will be late to the office, and no doubt a new pair of tires as
well. You must look after them a little closer, Kate, or I don't
know what the little reprobates will come to."
Kate sighed as she went to the front porch where the culprits,
the five-year-old twins, Farrel and Barrel, a little subdued by their
father's reprimand, were trying to think of some new outlet to
HIS WIFE'S TALENTS. 449
their overabundance of energy. She took them to the back of
the house and improvised a work-bench before she went in to clear
up the table.
Naturally she fell to thinking of what Frank had said. She
wondered if she could plan her work a little better and find time
to practice. She would try. Now, this afternoon there was the
dinner work to do up, the beds were not made, there were the base-
n:ent shelves to clean and Kathryn's dress to finish. Perhaps if she
hurried and could keep at it she could get through before supper
time. She began to sing as she worked, with this thought in mind.
"Mama, please dress my dolly, and see, she is bleeding saw-
dust." It was three-year-old Kathryn holding up her wounded
baby for mother's help.
Kate wiped off the sink and washed her hands, then took the
doll and mended and dressed it- This done she hurried down to
the basement shelves, hoping to get this task finished before the
baby awoke. She had just started, however, when his cry called
her, and with a little sigh she thought how futile after all are a
mother's plans.
She took the baby up and gave him something to eat, then
setting him in the high-chair went back to her work. Before she
had finished she had stopped once to do up a twin's thumb, again
to put the baby into his buggy and wheel him onto the lawn where
the children could amuse him, and once more to rescue a doll's
bonnet from the irrigating ditch where a teasing brother had
thrown it. It was now almost four o'clock and the dress had not
been touched.
Kate was not easily discouraged, however, and decided to
leave the sewing and practice a little just to make a start and to
convince Frank that she did have an interest in her music, even if
she had uncomplainingly given it up to the service of him and
their babies.
She hurriedly slipped on a fresh dress and went into the
parlor, glancing out of the window to see that the children were
all right, and sat down at the piano.
As her fingers wandered carelessly over the ivory keys she
felt all her old passion for her art returning. If she only could
bave an hour or so with her music every day. how much it would
add to life for her. She went on picking up old forgotten melodies
cne after another, and living over the carefree days that had gone
with them. She forgot the children : she forgot the present and
was again pretty Kate Wheeler pouring out her soul in exquisite
sound.
A baby's frightened scream brought her back to the world
of reality. She rushed outside just in time to see Barrel drag
the baby from the ditch. The other three children resembled so
many muddy, bedraggled rat=
450 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Just then Frank entered the gate.
"Why, what in the world does this mean?" he demanded.
"It means that I took your advice and tried to practice a few
moments on the piano," Kate answered, snatching up the baby and
hurrying into the house to hide the tears of vexation that choked
her.
After the children had been bathed and fed and put to bed,
and Frank and Kate sat at their own supper, he remarked thought-
fully,
"I've been thinking, Kate, about your music and I think I have
a plan."
"Please don't mention it, then," she replied rather sharply.
"I can see plainer than anyone else that it is impossible. Since I
am the loser, why worry about it?"
"Now, Kate, you have the wrong attitude. You are not the
only loser if you bury your talent, and I am going to see that you
do not do it."
"Are you going to hire a nurse to take care of the children
while I practice ?" she demanded sarcastically.
Her husband flushed.
"You know I would if I could, but since I can't do that I'm,
going to offer myself."
It was Kate's turn to be surprised.
"Now, I'm sure you found time to practice today and all
would have gone well if it had not been for the youngsters. Here's
my plan. I am going to bring some of my work home every
afternoon and relieve you for an hour or so. Abstracts and docu-
ments like that I can do just as well here as at the ofifice. You see
I take the active part of the office work in the forenoon anyhow, so
can easily arrange this plan with McGregor. I'll take the whole
responsibility so you can be perfectly free with your music. It
will be a good thing for me and the youngsters as well. Why, I'll
have to admit that I hardly know the little beggars.^ And the
twins, I can see, really need a little of a father's discipline."
Kate had smiled at the first part of the proposition a little
doubtfully, but suddenly she acquiesced with the thought that if she
did not gain much from the arrangement musically, Frank's eyes
might be opened to some things he had not seen before.
Accordingly, the next day found Frank leaving the office
at three o'clock, hurrying toward home with a roll of legal blanks
in one hand and a couple of law books in the other.
(to be continued.)
In the Kitchen Laboratory.
By Hazel Love D mi ford.
RELISHES AND PICKLES.
The season of pickling time has rolled around once more,
and no matter how much dietists write about the indigestibility
of pickles, housekeepers will still make and serve them. Most
people concede they are not good for man, woman or beast. In
my own home I make my relishes very mild ; and I do not make a
practice of serving them regularly.
In making pickles, never use metal vessels. A tiny piece of
alum scalded in the vinegar, makes the pickle crisp. If vinegar
has to be boiled, never boil it more than three or four minutes, as
it loses in strength. Always buy the best cider vinegar to be had.
Put pickles away in glass or stone jars. If, at any time, the pick-
les have the appearance of spoiling, pour off the vinegar and put
fresh scalded vinegar on. Small cucumbers can be pickled early
in the summer ; put in brine for a time, then put into vinegar and
they can be used later on in chow-chow and many other pickles.
' Pickled peaches, pears, grapes, etc., make extremely good
relishes. They are more easily digested than pickles made of cu-
cumbers, cabbage, etc. Compared with purchased pickles, those
that are made at home are much cheaper and safer.
Chili Sauce.
1 pk. tomatoes (skinned)
6 onions 1 c. sugar
y^ c. salt 1 qt- vinegar
1 ts. celery seed
Chop vegetables fine, add the other ingredients and boil until
thick.
Mustard Pickles.
3 qts. cucumbers cut up H c- mustard
2 qts. cauliflower 1 cup flour
2 qts. small onions 2 tb. tumeric
2 c. sugar <■ ^ ^
Use enough brine to cover, allowing four quarts of water to
one pint salt. Pour over the mixture and soak over night. Drain
in the morning. Put vinegar on stove and add vegetables, when
boiling Mix flour, sugar and tumeric with a little cold vinegar,
into the pickles, and cook until smooth, and the vegetables are
tender.
452 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Tomato Meat Relish.
30 ripe tomatoes 12 sour apples
10 onions 6 green peppers
4 tb. salt 1 qt. vinegar
Scald and skin tomatoes. Pare and core apples. Peel the
onions and remove stems and seeds from peppers. Chop all fine.
Mix thoroughly; add vinegar, and cook slowly one and one-half
hours, and then add 4 tb. mustard seed, ^ tb. cloves, ^ tb. cin-
namon and ^ tb. pepper. Seal in air tight jars.
Pickled Onions.
Select small onions. Make enough strong brine to cover,
and let stand 24 hours. Replace the old brine with new, and let
stand again 24 hours, and change again on the third morning.
On the fourth day, wash onions and put cold water on and bring
to the boiling point. Drain and rinse in cold water in a jar, and
distribute slices of red pepper among them. Pour boiling vinegar
over to cover.
Spanish Pickles.
To one peck of green tomatoes, cut in thin slices, put one-
half cup salt. Let stand over night, then add one and one-half
pints green peppers cut fine and three pints of onions.
1/^ tb. ginger 1 tb. celery seed
1 t. cloves % c. mustard
1 t. allspice 1 c. sugar
Vinegar to cover, and boil hard five minutes.
SALAD DRESSING.
3^ cup tomatoes. ^ teaspoon pepper.
y^ teaspoon salt % cup vinegar.
1 tablespoon sugar.
1 tablespoon flour.
yi teaspoon mustard.
Beat eggs and water and vinegar, add mixed dry ingredients ;
cook until thick, stirring constantly. Cut hard boiled eggs and
cress fine. Do this separately, then combine with the dressing.
A little whipped cream will improve the dressing.
Rub a freshly-cut lemon over ink immediately after it has
been spilled on carpet. No matter what the color of the carpet
this will take out the fresh stain without injury to it.
Remove the odor of food from a wooden chopping bowl by
soaking the bowl in boiling water in which a little soda is dis-
solved. A tablespoonful of soda to a gallon of water is the pro-
portion.
Notes from the Field.
By the General Secretary, Mrs. Amy B. Lyman.
Mrs. Grace Callis has recently been appointed president of the
ReHef Society of the Southern States Mrs. Callis is the wife of
President Charles A. Callis, of the Southern States Mission, and
was appointed by Elder Rudger Clawson at the request of Pres-
ident Emmeline B. Wells, during his recent visit to the South.
Mrs. Callis was set apart July 27, 1915. Elder Clawson reports
that Relief Society organizations have been effected in Jackson-
ville, Atlanta, Memphis and Greenville, as well as in several of
the country districts of the South.
As an example of the interest taken by the Relief Society in
public work and civic improvement, we have only to refer to some
of the work done during the last year. The Eagar ward of the St.
Johns stake, during the year 1914, paid for one hundred dollars
worth of work on the town roads, while the Manassa ward, of the
San Luis stake, paid thirty-three dollars in prize money for flies.
It is not generally known that in the Maricopa stake there
has been for some years a very interesting Indian ward Relief
Society known as the Papago ward. The president of this ward
is teaching sewing and quilting and darning, and is making an
effort to teach the members to speak English. In this latter work
she is assisted very materially by her counselor who is a graduate
of the Indian school at Phoenix, and is a very bright and interest-
ing young mother.
The report comes from one ward that because of the absence
of the president and first counselor. Relief Society meetings were
suspended for many weeks. It should be understood by all that
Relief Society meetings should never be postponed. In case a
president is absent it is the duty of the first counselor to go on with
the work ; in case of the absence of both it falls to the lot of the
second counselor to see that meetings are held and to conduct
the same, and so on down the line of officers. As a rule, a society
should be reorganized when the president must be absent for any
length of time
The St. George stake reports that since taking up the work
of Genealogy and Temple work, the attendance at meetings has
greatly increased. A temple excursion from Emery stake has
been reported.
The Relief Society of the St. Charles ward. Bear Lake stake,
has during the year taken special entertainment and good cheer
to the homes of thirty aged women and widows.
A Prince of Ur.
By Homespun.
The long, winding stone steps, leading from terrace to ter-
race in the eastern corner of the palace of Ur, resounded to the
measured tread of Abram, as he climbed to his great chambers
in the dizzy heights of that remote eyrie, that eventful evening
of the fifth week day. His brow was still knitted with the sad-
ness begotten of his unhappy encounter with his pretty but in-
tensely selfish kinswoman that afternoon, and yet his face was
very calm with the serenity of an inner light which shone upon
his soul. At his feet trotted the little black child who had again
broken away from her Cushite half-sisters and mother, to follow
the prince in his ascent to his room of meditation.
With a sigh, he laid the little one down, and motioned to his
servant to approach with fans that the slumber of his pet might
be made the more tolerable in the heated close of the day, and in
that exposed tower.
Abram's thoughts centered about Sarai as her gracious and
lovely image rose before him. Where in all the wide world was
there such glowing, radiating beauty as his fair kinswoman had
possessed, even as a tiny child. She was very good, and very fair,
and majestically beautiful. Yet in all their intercourse as children
and youths, had he never been encouraged to presume upon his
kinship. He might admire her dark curls, as they fell like
misty showers about her white-robed form, or long for a
glance of her exquisite brown eyes as she dropped her veined
lids over their melting charm ; but the Princess folded within her
soul her secret thoughts and allowed no man or child to idly lure
them from that hiding place. The gemmed girdle of her waist
was shamed in its beauty by the delicate pearl-like teeth which
parted her lips of coral. Her white sandaled feet were clasped
with anklets of pure, beaten gold. Who in all the earth might
hope to mate with the Princess Sarai ?
The noise of some visitors climbing to the tower of Abram
sent his new friend Eliezer to the edge of the upper terrace to
discover its source. The Damascan smiled to find that the black
baby had awakened, and was now close to his own heels as he
stood intently listening to the upsounding babel of voices.
"Little one," he said in Accadian tongue— for the child un-
derstood but little of the pure Semitic language of his new-
found master and friend. Prince Abram— "thou art born under
the star of evil in Tammuz ; but thou hast chosen thy place in in-
A PRINCE OF UR. 455
fancy amongst the great. The God of Abram will surely shield
thee from all harm, if that may be."
The child spread out his arms and the Damascan tossed the
black body lightly to his own brown-girt shoulder.
"Prince Abram ! Brother of my soul ! Reader of the stars !
Ruler of heaven and earth! Projector of great missiles which
bring pestilence or send fire from heaven! Abram, Prince of
Ur, where art thou ?" The shrill voice was far below, in the lower
terraces. .
_ The Damascan smiled again and again, as he heard the loud
insistent voice, followed by more or less din of others following
after. He knew the owner of that nasal call, and he still smiled.
With a tightening grip around the form of his little charge,
Eliezer stepped silently and gravely around the edge of the tower,
which hid him from the long and tortuous flight of steps, leading
to this ziggurat.
"Ho, there, Abram, friend of the husbandman, patron of the
seed-sower, teacher of the mysteries of Egyptian's Ennead —
reader of the stars and worshiper of the great Unknown, where
art thou?"
Down from the upper sanctuary came Abram, his calm face
now wreathed in a sunny gleam that might have been humor,
if one so sage and sorrow-laden could be found to smile. He
stood, a beautiful figure of supreme young manhood, his white-
robed form draped only in the pure white linen of his tunic, while
upon the flowing dark brown of his glossy hair there rested
only the small skull-cap which was but a covering for the crown
of his blossoming head. His noble features were regular, his
nose had that full and long contour that bent as the line swept
down his face to give the full benignity which his glowing
brown eyes with the covert kindliness in their depths warranted.
The mouth was large and firm, as befitted such a prince, and on
the firm, clear-cut chin, there sat the seal of self-command. He
justified the incoherent epithets of praise which were preceding
the voluble visitor up the long and tiresome stairs.
"Thou ziggurat among men — thou sun-tressed god, thou
beaming eye-lighted tower — thou faithful friend and deathless
lover — where art thou?"
At that moment, the bowed and crooked form of the old Tar-
shish traveler emerged into view under the cooling rays of twi-
light, followed by a concourse of men and women, slaves and ser-
vants of the palace, who were always wonderfully attracted by
Tavanu the Tarshish ambassador, trader in slaves and stufifs, and
general distributor of news from Babylon to Ur. The old man
tossed his dark tunic to his own slave who followed closely be-
hind with a short javelin in his hand with which he prodded any
of the too-curious who might press upon his master.
456 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
"Welcome," said Abram heartily, "thou friend of my youth
— thou minister of my body's wants, when chance has brought
me under thy roaming tent-roof, in desert ruin or by the cities'
marts. Thou art always welcome, Javanu. Come hither, -then !"
So saying, Abram stretched out his hand and drew the old
man into his embrace, and then on within his vaulted roof-
chamber, the library. There, Javanu was bidden to lie and rest
for a few moments while his slave fanned his face or brought
water to cleanse and rest his now unsandaled feet. The crowd
remained without, but Eliezer was bidden within.
"Nay," said Abram, as Eliezer sought to wash the traveler's
feet, "mine shall be the task to thus minister to the friend who
hath never scrupled to minister so to me whenever time or dis-
tance hath brought about our meeting."
The crowd without heard Javanu's loud protestations.
"Japhet has not forgotten how to wag his tongue," said one
young lusty torch-bearer in the fringe of the crowd, "even to this
last and fourth generation."
"And he'll be ready with great tales of war and cannibal-
ism in the districts now infested by the Lydians," said an old
woman whose gleaming white teeth and crinkly hair betrayed her
own cl'^se relations with the Chushites and Lydians.
"Tut," cried a white-haired woman beside her, "thou art ever
too greedy for tales of murders and flowing blood. For my part,
I know no reason why we should seek or hunt out sorrow ; we
ha^e quite enough in Terah's palace on the hill."
"Who speaks of murder, thou crone? I know not whether
life is better kept or given up. When Elkanah cries out for
atoning blood, there's no lack of offers to give that blood."
"More shame to the apostate gods of the Ziggurat, say I,"
stoutly maintained the white-haired crone. "I have lived to see
our Father Terah's posterity themselves corrupted by the idol-
atrous practices of these Assyrian gods."
The voice of the old woman had a low and musical thrill, her
eyes were very bright under her shaggy brows, and as she
swayed to and fro upon her squatting body, her tones awakened
in her hearers' hearts vast stores of long-forgotten memories.
She had the power of the seer of visions. The women and chil-
dren in the outer circle crowded closer as she spoke, and with
their simple credulity, they waited eagerly for her to break out in
one of the long-forgotten chants of the olden time. She had once
been a free woman, and worshiped with her kinsman Terah. For
this, she was treated with a grave respect amongst them all. She
was not a slave ; her father had sold her into bondage while she
was still quite young.
"It made my blood run thick this night when the Princess
Ischah persuaded the little Irit and the three black daughters of
A PRINCE OF UR. 457
Azzijaami, Argob, Shammash and Edra, to go to the Pavilion
of the Sacred Pavement ; it will lead them to the sacrificial altar
of Ishtar."
"Why would the wenches not sit willingly then on the sacred
pavement of Mylitta ? They preened themselves on the teachings
of our Princess Sarai, and felt that their chastity was of such
value to them that death would be preferable," said the scornful
voice of a lusty young black.
"Then, they and we must e'en be satisfied," remarked a huge
brown fellow, with the placid fatalism of the Assyrian, "if they
pay the penalty with their lives."
"I doubt me that the sacrifice- will come to pass, if Prince
Abram learns of Ischah's betrayal."
"Who, then, is Abram ?" quoth the black slave impudently.
Just then, the distant blowing of a trumpet sounded the ris-
ing of the moon in the east and this sacred summons called them
all to flee below, that each might be prostrated before his idol
when the moment for the midnight sacrifice of Elkanah was of-
fered. The public temple itself was far across the city from
where the palace of Terah stood, while Abram's temple courts
could not thus be polluted.
Within the vaulted chamber, Abram sat at converse with his
friends.
"My prince," cried the old man in jovial tones, "thou must
let me tell all my best news first, for thou knowest my face was
not cut from a burial cloth, and I have little joy in tales of war
and grim death, except to tease the frightened maids or ruffle up
the doughty back of sorne callous youth. I ne'er would let my
tongue repeat the stories of the crime-invested lands where oft
my business carries me, were it not thus necessary."
"Say on, good friend ; my lips may not chase smiles from east
to west across my face as thine are wont to do, but I still have joy
in all the lighter phases of this mystery we call life. Say on — "
"Then, say I, friend and Prince, that if thou hast not taken
to wife the Princess Sarai by now, that thou art more than foolish.
For there are such and such bright offers even now under my
tunic from royal princes of Egypt and of Gerar, that thine own
offer will look like smoke beside the flame or agate when the
lapis-lazuli sends the agate's dim and dusty gleaming into shad-
ows. See, see!" He brought forth five royal tablets in their
clay envelopes, each envelope sealed with the royal sign and nail
print.
Abram's face clouded with a slow and mounting blush.
"Tush," he said, in such low and stern accents that were it
not that Japheth's son was made of steel inside his merry outer
rim, Javanu would have shrunk from going on with his tale.
"Tush and tush again, my doughty friend. Thy courage is
458 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
never wanting when a foeman looks thee in the eye ; thy hand can-
not find thy javeHn half quick enough if the terrible lion roars or
shows his slinking form. Why shouldst thou wait and fear and
shake, as if a south west wind had stricken all thy joints? Did
not the goddess Ishtar touch thy youthful veins with moulten sil-
ver when this very day thou must have seen thy father's workmen
fashion her from wood or cunning bronze ? How now, my hand-
some friend and prince. Thine own renown hath gone from out
thy palace walls to far-ofif Ethiopia; thy skill with letters, and
the learning of thy brilliant head, thy manly grace and charm,
thy riches and thy great estate hath all combined to make thee
such a prize as is discussed behind a thousand closed lattices in
wide Damascus palaces, in Egyptia's halls and in Nineveh itself,
the daughters of the mighty Nimrod have petitioned me again and
yet again to repeat the many points of interest of the mystic name-
less prince as spouse and master. None but I knew that thou
were both Abram and the nameless prince; but even so all love
thee."
"I thank thee not for this, thou cunning friend, for thou hast
never had my first consent to hawk my name about in ladies' har-
ems or to name my name as Abram or the nameless prince, in
any court where trade or intrigue might lead thy wandering feet.
I am ashamed of thee !"
Whereat, the vaulted roof of that solemn sanctuary echoed
again and again to the peals of laughter which rang from out the
wide throat of that traveled and shrewd ambassador.
"Thou wouldst make the gods laugh on their stony pedestals.
I never saw thee matched for modesty. What sense of anger
canst thou cultivate for a friend who yet hath waited for the first
time to name thee in any conversation which w^as between me and
others. I know thy shrinking sense of dread for worldly fame
and worldly preferment; dost think that I would scandaUze thy
friendship by praising thee in delicate numbers for the pleasure of
a dozen silly princesses ? Be truer to my nature. I can laugh to
see thee such a simple man when thou hast every reason to be
dififerent. But thou must not accuse me falsely."
The face of the young man beside him gradually calmed, as
Abram felt that his quick words had almost wounded his best
friend.
" 'Tis thus, my prince," the old man said, rising on his elbows
on the divan the better to see his friend's face in the heavy gloom.
"Abram," at length spoke the older man, "thy beauteous,
young cousin hath been sought in marriage by six of the highest
reigning kings and potentates of the earth. Her beauty and her
charm are known as far as are your own kingliness. And what
is more, if thou hast not the courage of thy love, when thy father
Terah returns, he will quickly settle all this matter."
A PRINCE OF UR. 459
"Terah ? My father ? Hast thou knowledge of him ?" The
tones of Abram's voice were vibrant with suppressed emotion.
"Aye, that I have. He accompanies to this city our great
founder and Emperor Nimrod, who hath just humbled in the dust
the last of the old Assyrian rebels. Nimrod will himself dedicate
the new Ziggarut tomorrow night, or next. Nimrod hath now
wholly given himself up to riotous idolatry, and to Elkanah. With
Nimrod's powerful hold upon this land, not a single king dare
stand up in defiance before him. Old as he is, he hath slain his
tens of thousands of lions, and hath thundered and crashed down
the sands of Babylon and Syria with a conqueror's heel. Thou-
sands of victims, slaves and princes, crowded his train with vic-
tims for the altars of Babylon. Thy father hath drunk of the wine
of Nimrod's fornications, and he is just now not in any mood to
brook any opposition from thee. Be very ware. One false step,
one word of unwisdom will precipitate such rebellion and sedition
in these palace walls as will make your courtyards run with blood.
T wish that thou wouldst leave this wicked city, this fetid plain.
There is a land, far to the west, that thou couldst inhabit."
"Javanu, thou hast come in time. I thank thee for this
warning. I have often thought with longing upon my mighty
kinsman A^elchizedek, who dwells in Salem. I would that I
might return to him, and receive his promised blessings. As for
thee, thou mayst hide it from others, but thy smiling presence is
an evidence that thou hast spared neither oar nor camel in thy
flight to thus bespeak me in my hour of trial. I understand ; thou
. knowest how I worship, how my father Terah has always wor-
shiped till his senile years, when he has allowed himself to be
drawn into such unholy alliances. Nimrod may be the might-
iest king in all the earth." The light from the sanctuary gathered
softly round the kingly form of Abram, as the darkness without
helped to focus its bright rays upon the upright figure of the
youthful prince. "But, Javanu, there is a King ,whom I have
worshiped, who dwells in the heavens, who hath all the mighty
attributes and powers which my father's idols of wood and stone
are made to typify. I know that God lives, and though my bones
were burnt in the furnace of Merodach, or crushed under the iron
altar of the god Elkanah, I could not deny Him in whom I have
life and breath."
The intensity of the ringing voice, the magnetism of his tones,
the glistening eyes and the uplifted arm swept through the brain
and heart of the Damascan, with an electrical shock. Javanu
himself was profoundly moved.
"Master," said Eliezer, softly, "sit down here beside us ; tell
us of this God, about whom you have spoken. I would know
more. Speak of Him. My heart burns to know Him better. A
460 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
God who could fashion and bless an Abram is one that should be
worshiped."
The three men paused in their midnight communions. From
below, somewhere in the vast precincts of the palace, there arose
the faint wail of the dead. It rose and fell upon the midnight air
with keen, yet faint, persistence. The death chant was thrilling
in this solemn gloom, and all three men felt the tremor of uncanny-
suggestions as they listened to the long drawn out cries. They
rose higher and higher, the weird minor tones carrying on the
sound-waves a very burden of woe and despair.
"Who is dead in the palace ? Does not the wailing come from
the slave-quarters," asked Abram of himself, and yet he spoke
aloud.
"Under your father's vast roof-tree, where ten hundred souls
sleep nightly, and the hundreds more go and come upon the er-
rand of duty or love, it must happen very often that death and
sorrow pierce the gathered throngs in some spot."
"True, but even so, my soul is harrowed always with the sor-
rows of my family and my tribe. They are even as my own. I
cannot pass over their merest mischance lightly. How sharp is
the pang when some mother lays down her little child, or a son
closes the eyes of his beloved father."
"Good prince, I would not lessen thy humanity. It is uncom-
mon enough in these latter days of sin and crime. Life is very
cheap, my friend, in all Assyria and Babylonia. Time was when
we were nurtured by the fathers of our race with all tender lov-
ing care. But in these last degenerate days, we are very careless
of the slave-worm which crawls beneath our tent, or curls within
our palace walls. The blood of prince or husbandman is pre-
cious ; but the spawn of slave markets is too cheap for count-
ing, eh?"
The effort to lighten his friend's sadness was not successful.
With a heavy sigh, Abram prepared to descend into the great
courtyards and to discover for himself the causes of the midnight
woe.
Out in the distant horizon, there swept the silent battalions
of the incoming host of Nimrod's army. They were so swift and
shadowy in their cool and flying march across the plains of the
Euphrates, that even the lions and wild beasts of the sands and
groves scarce lifted up their shaggy manes to growl as they
passed.
"What ho ! for Ur of Chaldee !" cried the swift forerunners
of the king's own division. "What ho ! for Ur !" echoed back the
swift galloping soldiers behind them. "What ho for Ur!" cried
the giant Nimrod in his chariot, borne along by powerful sweep of
a dozen white horses, their brass panopoly glittering gayly in the
rising moonbeams, and the golden accourtements of the huge
A PRINCE OF UR. 461
chariot, rattling grimly as the carriage was flung by the swift
flight onward.
"What ho for Ur!" echoed the Prince Terah, who followed
swift in the wake of his royal master and kinsman. "What ho
for Ur ! The palace of the Prince of Ur shall open wide its gates
for my royal guests and kinsman. What ho for Ur ! Speed the
runners. Quicken the chariot wheels in their revolutions. Fling
the stinging lash wide over beast and man. What ho for Ur!"
Within the palace enclosure, no sound of the flying squadrons
would penetrate Ur for hours. The hosts were traveling by night
to reach the city for the yearly feast to Elkanah. Nimrod deter-
mined, as he rode along, that the human sacrifice to be ofifered up
should be sufficiently large and imposing to gratify the deepest
blood-lust amongst his restless, fiery-tempered soldiers, and espe-
cially should the local priesthood feel the weight of his offering
as a powerful concession from the monarch who had removed the
central sanctuary from old Ur to the sumptuous newer city of
Nineveh.
In the far distant quarters of the slaves of the palace of Ur
there shuddered and wailed the voice of lamentation for the dead.
The emperor's hosts might ride swiftly in the cool midnight rush
for distant Ur of the Chaldees, but death will claim her own, and
the mourners' cry rose loud and shrill as the sable wings of the
angel of Death beat upon the midnight air.
(to be continued.)
The Relief Society will hold its semi-annual conference on
Friday and Saturday, October 1 and 2, 1915. Two general ses-
sions will be held on Friday, at 10 a. m. and 2 p. m., in the Assem-
blv Hall. On Saturday, two business meetings for officers, at 10
a. m. and 2 p. m., will be held in the Bishop's Building, when re-
ports from' the standing committee of the General Board will be
heard, and specific instructions on Relief Society work will be
given. It is expected that every stake in the Church will be rep-
resented at this conference.
Noon luncheon will be served as usual in the auditorium of
the Building for our visiting delegates, on Friday and Saturday.
The Social Hall Cafeteria will serve dinner and supper all
through the Conference and Fair w:ek. ^ ^
Current Topics.
By James H . Anderson.
During the past five months, the British navy has captured
or destroyed 40 German sul^marines ; which goes to show that
sul^marine warfare is no lonoer a one-sided a:ame.
The recent Haitien revolution was a bloody afifair which the
United States has stepped in to settle, l^y at least preventing active
hostilities in the efifort of the people there to govern themselves
jiartlv after their own liking.
A raid of 62 aeroplanes from France into Germany drojiping
l)oml)s and doing great damage, suggests that a fleet of 10.000
aero|)lanes. such as is proposed, would be a terrific menace to any
thickl}' pojndated region which might be assailed.
llalf-a-hundred Sevier A^alley farmers made a trip through
nortliern Utah in their own automobiles in August— a great change
from the tramping and toiling of half-a-century since, when a few
settlers in the Sevi.T \'alley were fighting Indians for the privi-
lege of staying there.
Tlie temperance movement that is sweeping over the world is
now including a strong protest against the cigarette habit and
(wer-indulgence in cofl^ee and tea. The argument in favor of right-
Hving seems to be growing more efficacious with the extending
field of its publicity.
lender the management of Maud Mav Babcock. the Utali
Theater in Salt Lake City will eliminate its Sunday performances,
being content with working six days a week. The change is
highly commendable for its moral efifect, as well as for giving
to its company of artists the needed one-day-in-seven rest.
On August 20. a meeting was held in Salt Lake City, at
which a resolution was passed favoring an equal suffrage amend-
ivent to the national Constitution. If women in other States were
as well informed on governmental affairs generally as tlicy are
in Utah and the equal suffrage States, there would be no need
for such amendment, since all the backward States would already
have the franchise.
Dr. Stejihen Langdon. assyriologist. etc., of Oxford l"^niver-
CURRENT TOPICS. 463
sity, England, claims to have discovered tablets older than the
Deliig-e, in which he says the Sumerian theology asserts that Noah,
and not Adam, was the cause of the fall of man, 1,000 years before
the period given in Genesis. It is notable that many learned men
have sought to discredit the account given by Moses, and equally
deiinite that all of them have failed. Dr. Langdon also says that his
discovery reveals a claim that ten earthly kings reigned an aver-
age of 43.200 years each. If he had said 43,200 days — 60 years —
he would have been more reasonable in his treatment of the claims
he is discussing, for then he miglit find believers in his inter-
pretations.
On the first anniversary of the outbreak of the present Euro-
pean war, the pope of Rome made an appeal for peace, with ap-
])arently little eflfect. But the real aim and influence of this ap-
peal must not be judged without future developments, which may
give the proposition notable vitality. Fope Benedict is an astute
politician, and fully realizes the enhanced prestige that would com?
to the \^atican if he should he able to occupy a commanding place
in the peace negotiation^; ; hence the purpose of his appeal is likely
to be sought in much further activity.
In the early part of August, Erie, Pa., was the scene of a
great disaster Ijy a storm which transformed a small stream flowing
through the city into a raging torrent, causing the loss of over 30
lives and about six million dollars in property. Then came the
great Gulf storm in the middle of August, over Galveston and
eastern Texas up through central and eastern Missouri, doing
tenfold more damage to life and property than was registered at
Erie. Besides these, there were thousands of lives lost in the
great storm in China. Truly, 1915 is making a record for storm
as well as for war.
Whatever may be the outcome in other fields, the elimination
of Turkey as a great world-power seems to be definitely on the
jirogram ; and whatever may be the geographical distribution of
the present Osmanli domain, it seems equallv certain that the sec-
tion between the lower Euphrates and the Mediterranean, includ-
ing Palestine, will fall to the share of Great Britain. That trulv
will be a long step toward the "times of the Gentiles" being ful-
filled and that a purely Gentile race, the Turcomans, will be stop]3cd
from its centuries of "treading down" Jerusalem, by the inaugura-
tion of a building-up process which attends the controlling in-
fluence of that race from which so much of the "blood of Israel."
particularb' of Ei)hraim. is being gathered to the "tops of the
mountains" in the western land of Zion.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wellsl President
Mrs. Clarissa S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gatesl Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice MerrillHorne Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddingfon
Mrs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor SusA Young Gates
Business Manager Janette A. Hyde
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah
Vol. IL OCTOBER, 1915. No. 10.
THE SPOKEN WORD.
So much of stress has been laid on the statement
Unspoken that "prayer is the soul's sincere desire, uttered
Prayer or unexpressed," that we have come to accept
that definition without qualification. While there
is a subtle truth in this poetic expression, it is also true that
words clothe the thought as the body covers the spirit. The
universe might be filled with potential desires, wishes, hopes
and aims, yet. unless the word focuses and makes of the
thought a created force, there will be no resultant action, no
impact of will upon matter.
We are told in the seventh Lecture on Faith in
Faith Comes the Doctrine and Covenants, that "when a man
by Word. works by faith, he works by mental exertion in-
stead of physical force. It is by words, instead
of exerting his physical powers that every being works when
he works by force. God said, 'Let there be light, and there
was light. Joshua spake, and the great lights which God
had created, stood still. Elijah commanded, and the heavens
were stayed. Faith then works by words; and by these its
mightiest works have been, and will be performed." What
EDITORIAL. 465
clearer or more definite description of the manner in which the
power of faith can be invoked and exercised, could be imag-
ined than this pellucid statement.
A word is a powerful thing. It is the tabernacle
The Power of the thought; and when once called into being
of the can be killed or destroyed only as the body is de-
Spoken stroyed by natural process of change and absorp-
Word tion. Solomon's beautiful allusion to "words
fitly spoken" is familiar to all. Isaiah tells us
"the Lord has sworn by myself, the word has gone out of my
mouth — and shall not return." The Lord sternly reminds us
that "for every idle word that men shall speak, they shall give
an account thereof in the day of judgment. For by thy words
shalt thou be justified, and by thy words shalt thou be con-
demned." Not for our thoughts, for they may be strangled,
but for the embodied thought, the tabernacled thought. St.
John calls the Savior The Word, and says, "In the beginning
was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word
was God^ — and the Word was made flesh."
Our words are a savor of life unto life, or a savor
Words are a of death unto death. When your heart is crushed
LivingForce with loneliness, or your soul torn with loss, how
comforting is a loving word, a tender caress.
When words of unjust criticism flow out of our lips, how quick-
ly they react in the distress of our body or the destruction of
our peace. We may not know always why we suffer, nor why
our desires are not given us. Perhaps it is sometimes because
our desires are voiceless, wordless. The spoken word of prayer,
the spoken word of gentleness to an enemy, the spoken word
of comfort to the downcast — all these help to flood our souls
with light and peace. The spoken word is the switch which
turns on the light, the "current" which feeds the engine, the
match which lights the candle, the source of ignition and ex-
plosion. The power, the force is all there — ^jt must be "touched
off," so to speak; it must be ignited by the Word, the spoken,
living, palpitating Word. Speak, then, the word of encourage-
ment to your repentance, of hope to your sorrow, of rebuke
to your temptation, and of petition to the Almighty. Make
thy words, not thine enemies, and thine avengers, but thy
servants and thy friends. By thy words shalt thou be judged.
Guide Lessons.
LESSON I.
November 2, 1915.
Work and Business.
LESSON IL
November 9.
Theology and Testimony.
KEEPING THE SABBATH DAY HOLY.
The Lord has left no doubt in the testimony and teachings of
former and latter-day prophets concernincr the method and manner
of observing the Sabbath day. Aloses tells ns in the first book of
the Pentateuch that when the Lord had spent six days in framing
and shaping the world, he rested from His labors on the seventh
day, and hallowed it. The same writer tells us in the second book
that of the ten vital laws which were written on the tables of
stone, the fourth long and particular law concerned itself with the
keeping of the Sabbath day. From the days of Adam, the cove-
nant people were distinguished by their reverence for the Sabbath
day. The sons of Japhet and Ham, regardless as they were of
many other principles of the Gospel, kept this law intact, down
the ages from Nimrod to Nebuchadnezzar.
Nearly all of the ancient prophets deal more or less directly
with the necessity of keeping, and the heinousness of breaking,
this law. Isaiah devotes nearly a chapter to this, and uses these
deeply significant words to sum up the whole matter :
"If thou turn away thy foot from the Sabbath, from doing
thy pleasure on my holy day ; and call the Sabbath a delight, the
holy of the Lord, honourable ; and shalt honour him, not doing
thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking
thine own words.
"Then shalt thou delight thyself in the Lord ; and I will cause
thee to ride upon the high places of the earth, and feed thee with
the heritage of Jacob thy father : for the mouth of the Lord hath
spoken it."
The Lord did not leave our latter-day prophet in ignorance
on the matter. We are told in the Doctrine and Covenants :
"But remember that on this the Lord's day, thou shalt offer
thine oblations and thy sacraments unto the Most High, confess-
ing thv sins unto thv brethren, and before the Lord.
GUIDE LESSOXS. 467
"And on this day thou shalt do none other thing-, onl\- let thy
food be prepared with singleness of heart that thy fasting may be
perfect, or. in other words, that thy joy may be full.
''Verily, this is fasting and prayer ; or in other words, rejoic-
ing and prayer."
As to technical points in the carrying out of these instruc-
tions, such as pleasure-riding, theater-going', concert-giving, feast-
ing with friends, and social diversions of all kinds with attendant
labors, no sane and reasonable woman can fail to rightly interpret
these sayings of the prophets. Adults must square their law-
breaking with their own conscience ' but the mothers and grand-
mothers who belong to this Society should see to it that their own
examples do not become a stumbling block to the youth of Israel.
Many trifling acts may not be particularly wrong in themselves,
but if the doing of certain things are inexpedient because of the
example and inference given to weaker minds. Saints will refrain
from even the appearance of evil.
QUESTIONS.
What is the Sabbath day?
When and why was it instituted?
What things do you consider right to do on that day?
What might be done on week days that would be unlawful
on the Sabbath ?
When do the Jews observe the Sabbath ^
Why do we observe the first day of the week as the Sabbath ?
Read the 1. 2, 3 verses of the second chapter of Genesis.
Read the Fourth Commandment.
Read the fifty-eighth chapter of Isaiah.
Read the fifty-ninth section of the Doctrine and Covenants.
Genealogy.
LESSON III.
November 16.
sources of information.
Sources of Genealogical Information:
1. Personal information on hand.
2. Bibles ; information on loose papers, temple forms, etc.
3. Information from living relatives and friends.
4. Writing to relatives, parish clerks, ministers, etc. (Forms
for reply may be had at the Genealogical Society's office.)
5. Tradition and its uses ; tombstone inscriptions.
6. Library research. Home and foreign.
The student should get out all loose papers, old letters, old
Temple books, and from these copy in a pencil note-book first,
468
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
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GUIDE LESSONS. 469
every possible name with dates, real or approximated ; properly
number each name, state the relationship to the heir ; and after
this has been done in the note-book, copy it carefully — where it is
pedigreed information of the dead — into a Family Record for
Temple use.
This done, the student will wish to know where next to turn
for further information.
Correspondence with living relatives and friends, with parish
priests, pastors, and clerks in the town from which the student
emigrated, from or whence his parents and progenitors came —
these sources of information must next be tried.
Letter writing, on this subject, is of a peculiar importance.
The writer must exercise tact and wisdom. He or she must write
courteously and fully, must state exactly what is wanted, and give
enough information to elicit the data which is desked from the
person who receives the letter.
^^'e suggest that such writers always enclose stamps for replx'
PS well as the forms prepared by the Genealogical Society of Utah,
a copv of which we give here. Your own data which you send
for purpose of identification may be also written on this form.
Write dozens, nay hundreds of times, if necessary. Write
again and again and again, until your friends will answer you.
Never give up until you have exhausted your stamps and patience.
QUESTIONS.
What are the sources of information?
What should first be done by the genealogical student?
To whom should letters be written?
Let each student write a sample letter asking a relative or a
])arish clerk for genealogical information.
Note. — Such students as are familiar with the lessons, so far
given, should now center their efforts on instructing and helping
others.
Home Ethics and Art.
LESSON lY.
November 23.
ETHICS.
SYMPATHY.
The tender, unselfish understanding w^hich is called sympathy
is one of the most Christ-like traits of the human heart. Jesus
was eminently sympathetic and compassionate.
Parents that are wisely sympathetic, gain and keep the respect
and companionship of children forever. Children are not always
svmpathetic because few children are naturally mi selfish. It is a
virtue that must be cultivated and properly controlled. Boys and
470 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
girls should be trained to be sympathetic, and especially to father
and mother and to the aged members of the household.
Sympathy begets confidence and inspires loves. It is woman's
chief charm. The girl who is sympathetic is always well supplied
with friends and lovers, for companionship is second nature to her.
A sympathetic ofBcer in the Relief Society, who has lacked
education, attracts more members, inspires more courage, cheers
luore downcast souls, and does more good than the best trained
woman could possibly do if she were cold, selfish and harshly un-
sympathetic in her spirit. Sympathy is the key that unlocks the
door of the human heart.
Children should be taught sympathy for animals. They
usually love their pets but are not always considerate of them. A
child should not be permitted to maul and abuse cats, dogs or any
other animals.*
We should cultivate a large sympathy with the suffering of
our neighbors, and with the world outside our own doors. The
woman who loves music, beauty and harmony is usually a tenderly
sympathetic soul.
There is also a danger that sympathy be bestowed unwisely.
^M^en children need to be disciplined mothers must control their
sympathetic natures — as God does when we need and receive His
chastening.
Children should never be laughed at ; some supremely sen-
■iitive children are crushed and their future lives blighted by rid-
icule and a lack of sympathy from their parents and brothers and
sisters. The tenderest note in all sympathetic natures is usually
struck by deformity and disease, but little children should be
taught this delicate compassion because they are inclined to rid-
icule what they do not understand.
Women and men of highly sensitive natures sometimes make
fools of themselves by offering maudlin sympath}^ to wicked men,
to condemned murderers and other guilty souls. One is dis-
tressed to know anybody must suffer, but we should not make of
our sympathy a vice instead of a virtue. Extreme sympathy pre-
disposes to nervous troubles, especially when the person is always
sorry for himself. Sympathize with others? yes, when sympathy
is wase and true, but rarely offer yourself the weakening consola-
tion of self-pity.
Sympathy is to love what the fragrance is to the flower — its
essence and spirit. "Put yourself in his place." Understand
others' burdens through the rare alchemy of pure sympathy. Cul-
tivate sympathy and your friends will cultivate you.
OUESTION.S.
1. What is sympathy?
2. When should parents symi)athize with children?
3. How should children treat their parents and the aged?
GUIDE LESSONS. 471
4. How can they be taught to do this?
5. What makes the plainest girl attractive?
6. What would you say about false sympathy, or senti-
mentality?
7 . How can you cultivate sympathy ?
ART.
LORUS PRATT.
(a) Describe Pratt's landscape painting of the Shepherd
;'.nd his Flock.
(b) Tell of the life of Lorus Pratt.
(c) What troubles did his mother foresee ui the artist's
career ?
Cd) Who were his parents and what work did they do?
(e) Should such men as Lorus Pratt be encouraged? Why?
(f) Do you love the landscape?
(g) What would you like best to paint? What does Pratt
prefer as to subject?
(h) Have you seen any of his paintings?
(i) His best work is in the Salt Lake Temple. Have you
seen that beautiful work?
(j) Who encouraged him to go abroad?
EDWIN EVANS.
Evans, teacher of the Fine Arts in the LIniversity of Utah.
i« now refreshing himself at the Fountain Head of Art in .\merica.
New York City.
fa) How and by whom was the artist discovered in Evans?
(b) Of what special benefit is Evans' critical disposition?
fc) In what theme is this artist most at home?
fd) Have you visited the Art gallery designed by Evans at
the Universitv? Tf so. describe it.
(e) What qualities difficult to secure can Evans get in his
color effects?
H. L. A. CULMER.
Have you seen any of the pictures by the late H. L. A. Cul-
mer? Describe one of them.
(a) What subjects did he mostly paint?
(b) Have you visited the Holmes' Art Gallery in which
much of Culmer's work is exhibited ?
fc) What public work did Air. Culmer do?
(d) Who have been his loyal patrons among the wealthy?
Answer. Colonel and Mrs. Emery Holmes.
(e) Who is his wife?
(f) Ts there an artist in your town? Tn your family?
What can you do to encourage them?
fg) Why do we need artists?
The Relief Society.
Moderato. mj
Words and Music by
John M. Chamberlain.
mwMi^m^^^^
At
midnight hour there came a call From a wid - ow's
2. With lov - ing hearts and willing hands, They an - swer
Piano or Organ, nij p
s^3==EgEi
I
T ' — ^ — Fir — S-'^— # P-^l^— 1-6'- •
hum - ble home, "My darling boy, my on - ly joy. Is
to the call; With heaven's aid the boy is saved, By
^0^^m
--V—
•5h
|?Ei3^EESEE^E
=*:
■'Sf-
mf
— ^:
m
— J-
-j=\:
mf
-<5>-
-^ — ^— ■
dy - ing: I'm a - lone." The call was like a bu - gle
Him who helps us all. The mother raised her voice in
THE RELIEF SOCIETY.
473
mj
--N —
=1:
-•--
-•- -•- -0-
sound, To Re - lief moth-ers'
praise To God who r«igns on
band, Who min - is-
high, And thanked the
jz^^^
mk\
-&J-
^
ter by night and day To poor of ev - 'ry land.
moth-er an - gel band Who heard the wid-ow's cry.
^ N-
nt
'^
m
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C==F
--^- =1:
-Z5f-
CHORUS
Faster, f
All hail to thee 0 noble band, Re - lief bo - ci - e - ty, Whose
•:r. — i J r» g < — r». rl-,5if- — •
-:S!
474 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
J) ritard.
r p ^ — ^ — j_ r, — ^J •-«:» — E_«_,^_j — c s-^iJ
earnest zeal and kind ly deeds, Live in e - ter - ni - ty.
^ ritard.
UTAH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
Mothers, educate your daughters — and sons — to become invaluable
assets to the State and to the Nation.
Girls, prepare yourselves for ideal wives and mothers, by securing
an education in Housekeeping and Home-making at The Agricultural
College of the State of Utah.
RELIEF SOCIETY
HEADQUARTERS
For Approved Garments and Ladies' Utah Made
Dress Goods
Postage Prepaid and Samples Sent on Request
CUTLER'S, 36 Main Street
Southern Pacific
The Road of a Thousand ff^onders
The Standard for
Safety Service Scenery Comfort
Convenience and Courtesy
Don't Travel Haphazardly
Plan Your Trip
It Is Less Expensive To Travel Right
Do you want full and accurate information
from those who know-
Write, or better still, come into our new offices
and have your trip to the TWO BIG EXPOSI-
TIONS and CALIFORNIA arranged by those
who have spent years of travel and study on
the Pacific Coast.
We Are Paid to Answer Questions
and Like Our Work
For itineraries and beautiful literature on California
write or call on
C.L.McFAUL, District Passenger Agt. ( (SAFETY]
Second Floor, Walker Bank Building
SALT LAKE CITY
It's FREE- send for the little book "Cameos"
Three thousand words on Cameos
Not a Catalogue, but an interesting, instructive article on Cameos
The only took of its kind published
W. M. McCONAHAY. Jeweler
64 Main Street, Salt Lake City
Cameos in Rings, Scarf Pins, Neck Chains and Brooches, write about them
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
complete Burial Suits
Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Waiatck TOf
67 K South TempU Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
HOME OFFICE:
VERMONT BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
Questions for the September
art lesson will appear in our
August number.
All active members and art super-
visors should send to us for the
art reference book
Devotees and
Their Shrines
$1.25 POSTPAID
THE HOME PIANO
OF AMERICA
Attractive in case design — beautiful in finish
— pure and sweet, rich and full in tone — the
Kohler & Ceinipbell piano at once appeals
to the most exacting musician. 1000 homes
a month open their doors to receive one of
these world-wide favorites. Let YOUR
home open its doors for one this month.
"OLDER THAN THE STATE OF UTAH'
=%
/
Convenience
and Courtesy
Every man in this bank will
be glad to help you, in every
way possible. Our men do not
work for the bank but with
the bank. In fact you mig-ht
say they are part of the ba."!^
If there is anythinsr n^out
banking- you do not under-
stand, tliey will be glad to ex-
plain it to you.
A bank coiild not be more
conveniently located — right in
the lieart of the business cen-
ter— corner of Broadway and
IViain — with an entrance from
both streets. One of the liglH-
est and best ventilated insti-
tutions in the city. An ideal
bank to do business with. Step
in and meet us.
«The Bank with a
Personality"
Merchants Bank
Capital, $250,000. Member of
Salt Lake Clearing House.
John Pingree, Prest. ; Chas. E.
Kaiser. V. P.; A. H. Peabody.
Cashier. Cor. Main and 3rd
.. So., Salt Lake City, Utah. ..
THE I
UTAH STATE
NATIONAL
> BANK
SALT LAKE CITY
IT is tlie purpose
of this Bank at
all times to render
helpful service and
make the handling
of your banking
business satisfactory and pleasant.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK
Your Account is Cordially Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH. Pre..
The Demand For
Fresh Butter
— -Is satisfied with two brands,
made from pure cream from the
country and recognized as the
oeers of all butters — "Four-in-
One" and "Blanchard". The first
is wrapped in separate quarter-
size prints. When j^ou take one
from the package the remaining
three are protected with their
<-1'"an parchment paper covering.
"Blanchard" is a full pound print.
You can depend on either of
tliese butters, from any grocer.
MUTUAL CREAMERY
COMPANY
11 Creameries In 7 States.
Authorized Capital, $3,000,000.
Annual Butter Output, 8,000,000
pounds
Supplies for Temple
Uses
Those who desire neat, attrac-
tive and moderate-pric'id articles
for rent or purchase, for use in
the Temple, should apply to
Relief Society Headquarters,
Room 29, Bishop's Bldg.
UNIVERSITY or UTAH
''M'^ LAKE CITY, UTAH
In^ruction begins Monday, September 20th.
Regi^ration of students, and entrance examinations on Thurs-
day, Friday, Saturday, September 1 6th, 1 7th, 1 8th.
Beautiful grounds, fine buildings and equipment, and special-
ists in all departments are AT YOUR SERVICE.
Courses are offered that prepare for almost any vocation in
addition to giving a broad and liberal education — a preparation for
a life as wcW as a living.
The credits of the University of Utah are accepted in full by
the be^ Universities in the United States.
Full information sent upon request.
University of Utah
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
ASK YOUR DEALER FOR
Z. C- M. I.
Western
Scout Shoes
The ideal summer shoes
for men, youths and boys.
Worn extensively by
carpenters, iron workers,
boy scouts, etc. Cheap
Serviceable, Comfortable.
"Mountaineer"
and "The Leader"
Overalls don't rip; they
are guaranteed for wear.
The Most Interesting,
Inspiring and Beauti-
ful Scenic Sections
o£ the West
ARE REACHED VIA
Including
Ogden Canyon
Bear River Canyon
Shoshone Falls
Yellowstone Park
Jackson Hole Country
Lost River Country
Wood River Country
The Snake' River
Payette 1 akes Country
Columbia River and
Pacific Coast Resorts
Excursions North
September 1 1 and 25
Pacific Coast Excursions
Daily to November 30th
for Discriptive Literature, address
D. E. Burley.
General Passenger Agent,
O. S L , Salt Lake City, Utah
Vol. II
NOVEMBER, 1915
No. 11
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
Special Home Number
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
ROOM 29, BISHOPS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
$1.00 a Year— Single Copy 10c
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO.
NEWS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY
OUR DRUG STORE IS COMPLETE
PRICES RIGHT
W« Solicit Your Patronage Prompt Attention to Mail Orders
TRY OUR QUICK LUNCH— IT'S DELICIOUS
FRESH FLOWERS DAILY
Marion Banks
FINE MILLINERY
at reasonable Prices
GOODWIN CORSETS
CHARLTON'S
Exclusive and correct styles in
Women's Wear. Suits in Newest
Cloth and Silk Materials, Latest
Modes in Gowns and Blouses.
This ad. will redeem 1 0 per cent, on purchases at regulai price.
242 SOUTH MAIN STREET
When WE Make Your Por-
traits, YOU get the Correct
Style, Ejicellence and
Satisfaction
The Thomas
Studio
Phone Was. 3491 44MainSt.
NOW READY! A new 800 page volume
"JESUS THE CHRIST"
By DR. JAMES E. TALMAGE
From the Press of The Deseret Newt
This is the work of which notice has
been given in the Official Announcement
published by the Firfl: Presidency of the
Church. It presents the Life and Mission
of the Messiah from the view-point of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Samts.
Bound in half leather, cloth sides,
$1.50 post paid
Deseret News Book Store
The Leading Book Concern
PLAN YOUR GARDEN NOW
You will find our Seed and Nursery Guide Book the most valuable assist-
ant in telling you just what is worth while to plant in this climate.
This book contains 112 pages fully illustrated just brimful of the
information needed by every planter of Seeds, Plants, Shrubs, Roses and
Trees. By securing it you will get the bene6t of the thousands of ex-
periments carried on at our Centerville Trials Grounds, and this alone
is worth Dollars. You are entitled to a free copy of this valuable book.
Mention this paper and write for it today.
PORTER-WALTON CO
Seed and Nursery Specialists for U. S. A. SALT LAKE
The Relief Society Magazine
Ozvned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
COTs^TKNTS.
NOVEMBER, 1915.
The Relief Society Woman and Her Home 4/7
A Modern Thanksgiving- Ljly 432
Thanksgiving- Day in the Hospital Ida Stewart Peav 483
His Wife's Talents Elsie Chamberlain Carroll 486
The Word of Wisdom Patriarch Hyrum Smith 490
The Prince of Ur Homespun 493
Current Topics James H. Anderson 502
Notes from the Field Amy B. Lyman 504
In the Kitchen Laboratory Hazel Love Dunford 509
Editorial 512
Guide Lessons 514
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist.
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., Vermont Building, Salt Lake City.
CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DAYNES-BEEBE MUSIC CO., 45 S. Main, Salt Lake City.
DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DEVOTEES AND THEIR SHRINES.
KEELEY ICE CREAM CO., 55 Main, 260 State Sts., Salt Lake City.
McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS. Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 242
South Main, Salt Lake City.
MERCHANTS' BANK, Third South and Main St., Salt Lake City.
MUTUAL CHEAMERY COMPANY, Salt Lake.
OREGON SHORT LINE RAILROAD.
PORTER- WALTON CO., Seedmen, Nurserymen and Florists, Salt Lake City.
RELIEF SOCIETY BURIAL CLOTHES, Beehive House, Salt Lake City.
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING.
S. M. TAYLOR & CO., UNDERTAKERS, 251-259 E. First South Street
Salt Lake City.
SUPPLIES FOR TEMPLE USES.
THOMAS, Photographer.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK, Salt Lake City.
WILLES-HORNE DRUG CO., 8 South Main, Salt Utka Citf.
Z. C. M. I., Salt Laka City. i %
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING
THE COMMITTEE OF RELIEF SOCIETY SCHOOL OF OB-
STETRICS AND NURSING AND PUBLIC HEALTH WORK is
pleased to announce the opening of the TWELFTH RELIEF SOCIETY
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING on Monday, September
20th, 1915, under the direction of the General Board of Relief Society.
School term eight months.
Course A — Entrance fee for the course in Obstetrics, which includes
nursing and invalid cooking — $50.00.
Course B — Entrance fee for course in Nursing, which includes invalid
cooking— $25.00.
Course C — At intervals during the school year, lectures on Public
Health, Prevention and Treatment of Diseases, etc., will be given by emi-
nent physicians, surgeons, and specialists. No charge.
Course D — A class in Invalid Cooking will be conducted by experts;
no extra charge for students taking other courses.
Instructor, DR. MARGARET C. ROBERTS.
Dr. Roberts has successfully conducted our School of Nurses nine
school years, graduating over 300 Relief Society nurses. The work done
by these ministering angels furnishes an ideal of true Relief Society ser-
vice.
Dr Roberts has for over 20 years, conducted private classes in ob-
stetrics, but this year, we are gratified to announce the class in Obstetrics
will be under our own supervision. Dr. Roberts' graduates in Obstretrics
have invariably passed successful examinations before the Utah State
Medical Board. For further information, write to the Secretary of the
Committee, Elizabeth S. Wilcox, Relief Society Headquarters, Bishop's
Building, Salt Lake City.
PRISCILLA P. JENNINGS, Chairman.
Burial Insurance
in the Beneficial Life Insurance Company
The women of the Relief Society have now the opportunity of se-
curing a sufficient sum for proper burial by the payment of a small
monthly amount. The moment you sign your policy your burial expenses
are assured without burdening your children. Talk to us about this.
Relief Society Headquarters or
BENEFICIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.
HOME OFFICE:
VERMONT BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
THEl
UTAH STATE
NATIONAL
• BANK
SAIT LAKE CITY
tjTAH
IT is tlie purpose
of this Bank at
all times to render
helpful service and
make the handling
of your banking
business satisfactory and pleasant.
UTAH STATE NATIONAL BANK
Your Account is Cordiallx Invited
JOSEPH F. SMITH. Pre*.
Established I860
Incorporated 1908
S.M.TAYLOR & Co.
Undertakers and Embalmers
SUCCESSORS TO
Joseph E. Taylor
The Pioneer Undertaker of the West
53 Years in One Location
251-257 E. First South Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
Efficient Service,Modern Methods.CBmplete Eqiipment
THE CHILDREN'S BED.
By Eleanor ScJiouk
Dear little bed, oh, holy little bed !
Around thee surely guardian angels tread.
To thee our darlings come at close of day,
Tired and flushed from romp and childish play.
In reverence sincere, each golden head
Is bowed in prayer beside thee, little bed.
Oh little bed, thou treasured little bed !
Thy pillows soft, with dainty muslin spread,
Bespeak not wealth, but show a mother's care.
All clean and pure and sweet and fair —
Where rosy childhood rests from trouble free —
This sacred trust my Lord has given me.
Loved little bed ! Once when my heart was tried.
When fever scorched the child I knelt beside —
I was so young to give a mother's care ;
I cried to One above to hear my prayer.
To give me health and strength to nurse my son ;
To help me say, "Thy will, not mine, Ije done."
I stood again beside thee, little bed,
Feeling, that were my child alive or dead
He still would progress, still my son would be.
Throughout all time and all eternity.
And so, with humbled heart and chastened soul,
I did my best, nor once lost self-control.
What gift more choice could Heavenly Father give
Than son and daughter in our home to live ?
Created in his image, by his love !
O, that a heavenly light may ever shed
Its radiance around thee, little bed.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. II. NOVEMBER. 1915. No. 11
The Relief Society Woman and
Her Home.
So much of prose and poetry has been written about the
home that one wonders what is left to say. Very little. Yet
there is much for women to do daily and hourly in order to create,
maintain, and develop the home. Today, more than at any other
period in the world's history, there is a determined effort to break
down the barriers of the home. This is not altogether the fault of
the deliberate childlessness of the wife, the club attractions for
both husband and wife, nor to the increasing popularity of the
cosy flat in the forest of apartments which every great city multi-
plies. These are all but manifestations of a disintegrating force
within the body social. However this may be, our Relief Society
sisters are the keepers of the keys of home life and home tradi-
tions among this people, and eventually in the world ; so that it
behooves them to, exert themselves to do all possible in this mat-
ter of bettering home conditions, and keeping the fires bright on
the home altars.
We are pleased to oft'er our associate workers a course in
home economics. Our aim is to make the outlines so simple and
comprehensive that any one of our members may be able to give
the lessons and also to assist in the demonstrations.
Our home studies will cover a period of three years. The
first period will take up Home Management, the second the
Food Problem, and the third The House Itself. The first year's
\vork will concern itself with Household ^Management.
.A.11 of these topics will be accompanied by practical demon-
stration work on grains, vegetables, meats, yeast, condiments and
preservatives ; together with a little home preparation and exper-
iment. This will prepare the way for the second year's course
on food.
We can assure our friends that all will enjoy this course and
478 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the homes of the sisters will benefit greatly by this extended in-
quiry into the whys and wherefores of our domestic problems.
Home-building, home-making, and home-keeping are the highest
and most beautiful professions in the world. Let us help to main-
tain the high standard and ideal we have always had, at the same
time improving the practical and scientific side of our work, as
these modern studies permit us to do.
In this home-coming, home-loving, thanks-giving month of
November, we are happy to present our friends with these new
home thoughts and plans for our beloved homes in Zion.
THE KITCHEN OF THE HOTEL UTAH.
All of our readers know the advantages and the disadvantages
of the individual kitchen in the individual home. Yet few have
ever peeped into the airy vastness of a modern palatial hotel, with
its army of servants and its staflf of rigidly-trained chefs, stewards
major domos, and captains of kitchen industry; its arching walls
of translucent white tiling, its long expanse of porcelain tables and
glistening white sinks, and silver water faucets ; its thousands of
lovely porcelain dishes, and baskets of gleaming silverware ; its
array of spotless kitchen utensils, its shining pure white expanse
of floors, and its electrical lighting and modern ventilation. The
linen closets, where piles on piles of snowy napery and delicate
table linens are stored. There are the store rooms, where sup-
plies are gathered in tons and barrels, and bales, to be distributed
with greatest care and diligence. Nowhere in the world can so
many thousands of shovelfuls be thrown out with teaspoons as
in the mammoth kitchens of the modern hostelries.
The manager of the Hotel Utah — Mr. George O. Relf — a
cultured, genial, and shrewd American of the best type, came to
Utah with the settled determination to make of this superb hotel
the cleanest, best served, most popular hotel in the West, while
nutting a few gilt edges of economy on the capital there invested.
With this end in view, he made the kitchen and its complete and
perfect service the unit of the hotel. The results have over and
over demonstrated the wisdom of his decision. A house or a ho-
tel may be palatial, or it may be bare of all but necessities ; yet. if
the daily board within is spread with wholesome food, well cooked
and pleasingly served, one man or all men will return to it day
after day, calling it his haven and his and their best abiding place.
Mr. Relf raises all the vegetables on his own farm, provides
the milk and cream, puts up the delicious pickles and relishes, and
even supplies the succulent watercress which garnishes the tables.
The kitchens of the Hotel Utah are the last word in spotless
purity of equipment, up-to-date appointments, and luxurious fur-
nishings. One may gather some idea of the scope and quality of
the service from the following descriptions :
RELIEF SOCIETY WOMAN AND HER HOME. 479
It is interesting to know that all of the tiled kitchen and pan-
try floors slope into drains to carry off water when they are
flooded, as they frequently are, for hygienic purposes. The tiled
walls are as frequently washed, so that they shine with cleanliness.
There is an automatic dish-washer, separate refrigerators for fowl,
fish, meats, vegetables, and for eggs, cheese and butter. There is
also a refrigerator for cooling cold-service foods. Then there are
the steam heated raCks for plates and hot dishes, another heater
A CORNER OF THE HOTEL UTAH DINIXG ROOM.
for keeping rolls hot and soft. There is an automatic Qgg boiler,
and an ice plant, which manufactures all ices and candies. There
is a bakery with two great ovens, and all the bread, rolls, and cakes
used are made in the hotel kitchen. There are about 50 loaves
and 1,500 rolls used daily. In the supply rooms for groceries, the
storeroom steward has charge, but he must give a voucher for
THE KTTCITEX OF THE HOTEL UTAH.
everything received and disbursed. And when you know that
there is from $18,000 to $20,000 a month spent for food alone, in
this great kitchen, you can realize how important the steward's po-
sition is. There is some importation of fancy vegetables and meats
480
RRLinU SOCJRTY MAGAZINE.
from the east, but the steward reports that the Utah fruits and
vegetables surpass any found in other parts of the country.
There is an official with the title of jardemanger who has
charge of all garnishes, and when you go into the hotel and find
yourself served with carrots cut into roses, and turnips into lilies,
you know that this clever artist has looked after all that work.
In the Silver Room, another head steward takes charge of the
$40,000 worth of silver. He is a silver-smith, and an expert in his
business ; he cleans, polishes, and carefully preserves all of his
precious ware. It is the best of silver, and nearest the hepple-
white ever designed. A curious little item connected with the
silver steward is that he is obliged to replace a great deal of this
ware, which is both bought and stolen for souvenirs. Honest tour-
ists are willing to pay well for this delightful souvenir of a visit
to Salt Lake, while the dishonest ones take them at the rate of
dozens of spoons monthly. Five dozen were taken within the
last month from this mammoth hotel.
There are $20,000 invested in china. There is a $2,500 gold
service set in the china closet, which is used for state occasions.
The Roof Garden Restaurant has been exceedingly popular.
Forty thousand dollars was spent to put this po])ular resort into
shape. The item of flowers alone for the decoration cost $3,400.
This restaurant seats over 600 people, and yet through the hot
summer months, after the theatres are out, many are daily turned
away. There is an auxiliary kitchen up there, which enables them
to serve everything piping hot. In the kitchen below, a little item
which is interesting to note, is that the shelves for receiving used
dishes, are so arranged that the person distributing them moves
in a circle, thereby avoiding congestion, and facilitating distribu-
A .SFXriOX OF TIIIL KOOF GARIIFN REST.\UR.-\NT.
RELIEF SOCIETY //'O.l/./.V .1X1) HER HOME. 481
tion. These dishes are distributed by the bus boys, who take them
from the waiters. There is a special room for making salad. Here
a woman is in charge who has two assistants. There is a special
room for making garnishes. The ranges are seventy-five feet
long, and all of them burn charcoal. There are aluminum buckets
in steam racks, which are used for keeping the cooked vegetables
hot, while the head steward has a special room in which he ar-
ranges table decorations for parties and banquets. The head chef
devises most of the new dishes, and all are made under his especial
supervision.
There are one hundred ten servants employed in the kitchens
and dining rooms ; two head chefs with four assistants, and head
stewards for every department. There are 525 bed-rooms. There
are from 500 to 600 people in the hotel every day during the sum-
mer months. In the winter, the average would be 400 each dav,
while the capacity is 650 guests, some of them occupying double
rooms.
Thus it will be seen that housekeeping in a hotel is as complex
and as exacting as the managing of a steel mill or the financing of
a wholesale dry goods establishment. No wonder that men with
their supreme physical forces and masculine grasp of great prob-
lems are chosen to control and direct such gigantic enterprises.
Furnished by Canonn Co.
NOTE THE COMPACT CONVENIENCES AND SMALL SPACE OCCUPIED
T:V this MODEL HOME KITCHEN.
A Modern Thanksgiving.
I With apologies to Walt Mason.)
By Lily.
T\\t girls are coming home, Jake.
And I can hardly wait
To see their dear, sweet faces
Coming through the garden gate.
There's Dora, with her white hair.
And May with little Joe ;
There's Leah with her Doctor,
And Lucy with her beau.
The turkey's in the cellar,
And the jelly's on the shelf,
The mince meat's mellowing softly.
While the cider works itself.
The pumpkin pie's forthcoming.
The doughnuts swim in oil,
The pudding bursts with richness,
The kettle's "on the boil."
But what on earth to do, Jake,
With these women folks of yours.
Is more than I can tell, Jake,
For thy're all on diet cures.
There's Dora wants but stale bread.
And Mabel drinks skim milk;
While Leah chews her food till
'Tis soft as softest silk.
And Lucy's getting fat, so
She wants no oils nor sweets ;
And their children have been starved with
The most hygienic "eats."
There's only you and John left
To eat the sumptuous spread,
For all the rest will look on while
They munch a crust of bread.
This happy home thanksgiving
Is a sentimental day ;
But what if none observe it
In the good old-fashioned way !
My turkey and my puddings
Will be given to the poor ;
While the scanty remnants of the feast
Remain within my door.
But the girls are coming home. Jake.
And I can hardly wait
To see their dear, sweet faces
Cominsr through the garden eate.
Thanksgiving Day in the Hospital.
By Ida Sfczcart Peay.
In her narrow white bed at the big hospital, Evelyn was crying
bitterly. Since she had been brought into the ward early that
morning she had turned her face uncompromisingly toward the
wall, and abandoned herself to the full measure of her misery.
At sight of her heaving shoulders, the half dozen other women in
the room exchanged concerned, curious glances, for in this great
house people are — well, sort of on their mettle, — unless something
unusual, even for a hospital, is wrong, emotion is chocked back, all
try to maintain a brave countenance ; so they began to speculate in
pitying whispers.
Evelyn was entirely unaware of their existence. With the
indifference born of supreme moment, she sobbed aloud her des-
pair. What had she done, she wailed to herself, in angry protest,
that she should be shut up in this horrid prison, chained to the
bed, racked with pain, starved and forgotten — while all her family,
neighbors and friends, were enjoying themselves to their hearts'
content. They had no distracting pain, they could eat anything
they wished — were, perhaps, at that very moment, sitting down to
the big turkey dinner and chattering over what entertainment they
were to have in the evening. At the thought she groaned and
sobbed afresh — her lot was almost harder than she could bear.
And this was Thanksgiving Day ! Thanksgiving Day, indeed !
In the past, she had spent many pleasant Thanksgiving days
(though she had not always thought them so at the time), but
today she certainly had nothing in the world for which to be thank-
ful. From the bottom of her heavy heart, Evelyn pitied herself
and thought herself the most abused person in the world.
The nurse ran in several times with a cheery word, but
Evelyn would not be cheered. Her family and friends came with
flowers and words of encouragement : Evelyn refused to be en-
couraged. She accused them of belittling her suffering. She
declared they would talk differently if they had a taste of her
portion. They all claimed, defensively, to have been, at times,
very ill. But Evelyn could not believe that any one had ever been
quite so sick as she was ; and so, as the day wore on, she wore
away her nerves and temper.
Finally, when her visitors had all departed, when, too, her
tears were spent, she settled into a tragic calm, continuing to stare
— now stony-eyed — at the white walls. In this quietness a few
sounds bore in upon her consciousness : sounds of women's voices
484 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
in subdued conversation. O, yes, of course, there were other sick
people, she confessed to herself, but they were not — that is, they
couldn't possibly be, — as miserable as she was. She experienced
an indifferent desire to turn and look at the other occupants of
the room, and did at last, like a child won for a moment from a
tantrum, give a casual glance over her shoulder. Her attention was
at once caught and held by a soft, merry little laugh from the wo-
man next to her who was chatting with a patient further on. With
childish curiosity, Evelyn turned slowly over and took a square
look at her next neighlDor. And when she had taken in all the
details t)f that never-to-be-forgdtten picture, her blood fairly
staggered in her veins. She beheld a sweet, kindly-faced, little
woman strapped, literally strapped, in a perfectly prostrate posi-
tion, to a board, with her arms confined to the elbows, and a small
mirror swung before her to assist her in eating and seeing about.
At Evelyn's sociable movement, the small invalid turned her
head ever so slightly (which was as far as it could be moved), and
the eyes of the two women met. Evelyn's betrayed amazement
and horror.
"We've been so sorry for you," murmured the woman, sym-
pathetically inviting conversation. "Hope you're feeling better
this afternoon."
Evelyn's mind went quickly over her actions that morning,
and a feeling of shame colored her pretty face pink. "T — a —
thought — yes, I'm — a^ — better ;" she stammered confusedly, con-
tinuing to stare, fascinated, at the chilling sight.
"You've been suffering awfully?" went on the stricken lady
kindly, questioningly.
"Yes — er — I — a — thought T was — it was appendicitis,"
faltered the girl almost too abashed, in the presence of this great
calamity, to utter the words.
"Oh, and those pains are so hard to bear."
"Have you had that operation?" asked Evelyn with quick
interest.
"Some time ago — yes," said the lady, "but I have not for-
gotten the pains."
"They must not be as bad as — as bad as — " Evelyn stopped
in embarrassment, her eyes indicating the board and straps.
"No," slowly, with a brave little smile, "but they are bad
enough," she ended, unwilling to depreciate Evelyn's ills.
At that moment the nurse came and asked each patient how
she had enjoyed Thanksgiving Day. Evelyn was amazed when
she heard her next neighbor cry out gaily,
"O it has been a glorious day, I never was so happy in all
my life. I've been laughing all day," and she laughed again the
THANKSGIVING DAY IN THE HOSPITAL.
485
gleeful laugh that had first won Evelyn from her heavy cross and
now caused her to ask impulsively,
"What in the world have you been laughing at?"
The frail woman turned her head slowly toward Evelyn, her
face glov\'ing with a genuine, happy smile. "Why, you see," she
explained, "I've only four months more to be strapped to this
board — " Evelyn gasped audibly, but her new acquaintance con-
tinued— "I've been on here eight months today. The doctor said
if I would permit myself to be strapped to this board one year I
would be able to walk. Now, just think, eight months have passed.
Only four months more' — then I can walk and go home — -I get so
homesick sometimes — " her eyes grew suddenly misty, then in a
moment she was gay again — "but, oh, four months w'ill soon
pass, and then I'll be home. Isn't that something to be thankful
for?" She turned smiling eyes toward Evelyn at the question.
"I — a — suppose," murmured the girl in a shaky voice.
When Evelyn's family came again that evening they cried
out joyfully, "Why, you're lots better, dear, aren't you?"
"Yes. I'm better," she whispered tearfully, "I'm all right, and
I'll be home in a week and, oh" ; she sobbed, "every Thanksgiving
Day, and, indeed, every day of my life, from now on, I'm going
to be thankful, oh, so very thankful, that I am not strapped to a
board."
Furnished by Cannon Co.
PLAN OF MODEL HOME.
His Wife's Talents.
Elsie Chamberlain Carroll.
(concluded.)
"Now, my dear, so that you will be absolutely free from all
worry and responsibility, I called in at Aunt Betsey's and told her
of my plan and asked her if you couldn't come down there to
practice for a time or two until you sort of get at yourself. Sh?
was tickled to death at the idea, so put on your hat and leave the
fort to me."
Kate accepted the additional change without a murmur and
left him with a merry goodbye.
"Stay just as long as you want to and don't worry," he calle.l
after her.
"Now, kiddies," he said cheerfully, turning to the three older
members of his brood (the baby was asleep) "you can just have
a jolly time this afternoon playing here by father while he works."
He placed his books on the dining-room table and unrolled the
blanks.
"Let's play wild bear," suggested one of the twins and the
game was on.
"Why, what's all this noise about?" demanded the father
a? he returned from another room a moment later where he had
been looking for a dictionary.
"We're playing wild bear," Barrel explained, as with a growl
he rushed across the room upsetting Kathryn and her doll an'l
bumping his own head on the table legs.
When calm was gained after this first disaster the father sug-
gested that they had better turn it into "tame bear."
"All right, we'll play circus," they cried and immediately pro-
ceeded to make cages by turning chairs upside down, and impro-
vised tents for rugs and couch covers.
"I don't want to play circus," said Kathryn. "I want to sew
for my dolly," and she began rummaging in her mother's work-
basket to find needle, scissors and thread. Presently she held up a
verv fine needle and number eight thread and demanded that her
father thread it for her.
"Whv. Kathryn, can't you thread your own needles yet? I
should think your mother would teach you children a litth more in-
dependence." He wrestled for five minutes with the task pricking-
his fingers a half dozen times and swearing as many times under
his breath, then he snatched the work basket and turned it upside
down on the table to find a darning needle.
"Now, sister," he admonished as he handed her the threaded
darning needle, "You must not bother me any more. T must get
at my work."
Bv this time the circus parade was coming up the main street
HIS WIFE'S TALENTS. 487
of the village. A weird shriek from the calliope brought an an-
swering shriek from the baby in the next room.
"Now look here, boys, I can't have all this racket. You've
waked the baby up already. Go into the kitchen and play and
maybe he'll go to sleep again."
The circus moved into the kitchen, that is the active part of
it, though the tents and cages were left where they were. The baby
was not to be so easily pacified, however.
Frank brought him in and dumped him on the couch. He
had just started to write. The baby was not used to such un-
ceremonious treatment and set up a protest. The father looked at
him witheringly.
"Well, sir, you're up. What more do you want?" A louder
cry was the little fellow's reply. Then Frank remembered that
Kate had told him the baby must have something to eat when he
awoke. This reminded him of a bag of chocolates he had brought
as a treat for the youngsters. He fished them out of his pocket
and emptied them into the baby's lap.
For a little time there was quiet, but somehow he could not
recall that elusive sentence again. He sat scratching his head when
Kathryn informed him that she needed some cloth to make her
dolly a new bonnet because the old one got spoiled in the ditch
yesterday.
"O. go away, child. Find some cloth yourself. I must work."
The little girl looked in a place or two, then suddenly decided
that the brown and green of the sofa pillow beside brother would
make a lovely bonnet. Tt took her some time to haggle a piece
out for she was cutting not only through the cover but through th -
pillow as well- Soon baby began to laugh and crow and pull
feathers from the hole in the pillow.
The father had just got started on his work when a pitiful
yowl came from the kitchen. He rushed to the kitchen to find th-^
twins dancing up and down before the range. The cries of dis-
tress came from the oven.
"What in thunder are you doing?" he demanded as he re-
leased poor tabby.
"We're playing Hansel and Grettel and tabby is the wicked
witch woman."
"Well, can't vou think of anything but mischief? Go out on
the lawn and run races."
When the father returned to the dining room his attention was
drawn to the babv. The chocolate had been daubed in an uneven
coat over the little fellow's face and hands and feathers were stick-
ing out in every direction. The suggestive tar and feather picture
would have brought a smile to most any face, but the poor man
sank into a chair and groaned "What next?"
The next was the telephone.
488 RELIliF SOCnrrV MACsAZINE.
"Hello, Ashton." came tlie voice over the wire. • "This is
George Harding. T haven't seen you since the old days at Harvard
and as I was passing- through your town thought I'd stop ofif a
few hours and pay you a little visit. T understand you are a
family man. I am anxious to see the wife and young Gladstones
as well. Are you husy? If you're not I'll come right up. That
will beat an office visit all to pieces."
Frank clenched the receiver and cast one wild glance over the
room.
"Hold on a minute. George." he shouted. "I — I will be down
to the office right away- I have a little work to do there then I'll .
bring you up to supper." He slammed the receiver on the hook
and looked at his watch. Surely Kate would soon be home. Why
his watch must be stopiied, it was only a quarter to four. He
shook it and glanced at tlie clock which confirmed the statement of
his ticker. Good heavens had it onlv been three quarters of an
hour since Kate left? And he had told her to stay as long as she
wanted to !
\\'el] the twins seemed to be having a good time, judging from
the frequent shouts of merriment that came to his ears. He simply
must get that- document done, so he sat down in sheer desperation
and began to write.
Presently Kathryn stuck her needle in her finger and began
to cry. The bal\v, who bv this time was a full-fledged robin, felt
rather uncomfortable and began to cry also. The father demanded
that thev hush, but this only seemed to increase their lung power.
Slamming his books shut he got up and began to pace the floor.
Why didn't Kate come. She ought to know that he couldn't stay
there all dav.
Tile telephone rang again. Amid tlie cries of the two chil-
dren the father caught these words,
"Ts this Mr. Ashton? Well, sir, this is police headquarters.
T w(~>nd'M- if vou are aware that two of your children are interfer-
ring witli public passage l:)y turning the hose onto every one who
passes your place?"
"Good Lord, no !" thundered .-Xshton, and leaving the receiver
dangling, he rushed from the house iust in time to see the cornulen'
form of ^Tr. Bunker, president of the local railroad company,
^ide sten into t1ie middle of the street to the delighted shrieks of
the twins, who lifted the ho<;e and showererl him a second time
before their irate father could rr^acli them. No doubt the thought
of the Bunker bill that was coming up in court, and which Ashto'i
pud INTcGregbr had hnned to defend, added to the vigor of ll^
shake received bv each surprised culprit as he was hustled into
the house, nnp of them being shoved into each bed room luitil th-^
father cnuM think out an adequate pimishment- Their lusty how'
join'^d the duet alreadv in progress.
"^nst then Kate came ui) the walk, wond'^ring at the drench^' !
HIS WIFE'S TALENTS. 489
path and porch. Hearing the quartet of sounds within she quick-
ened her steps. Frank saw her coming and met her at the door,
hat in hand.
"I haven't been able to do a confounded thing," he informed
her in a tone that somehow suggested that his wife was to blame.
"I've got to get this document fixed up tonight." He brushed past
her, but turned to add. "George Harding will be here to supper,"
as he rushed toward the street.
Kate went in. The medley of sounds, and the chaos of the
room told their own story. A little breeze sent the feathers flying
in every direction. She looked at the baby who was holding out his
little feathered arms. She didn't know whether to laugh or cry, so
she sat down and did a little of both. Kathryn ran to the shelter
of mother's skirts. Two doors opened simultaneously and two
wet. towselea heads peeped out. In a moment she had them all
gathered in her arms and the afternoon's tragedy was turned into
a comedy.
Soon, with the help of the willing little hands that had made
all the confusion, order was brought out of chaos and Kate began
to hum softly as she planned the evening meal. Her music reallv
did not matter so much to life's happiness after all. And the con-
soling thought came to her that perhaps her husband had learned
that a woman's greatest talent does not lie in the field of fine arts,
but in the higher field of real home making.
That evening after the children had been put to bed and their
guest had gone, Frank Ashton looked at his wife as if he had never
really seen her before.
"Kate, how on earth do you do it ?"' he broke out with a genu-
ine admiration in his eyes.
"Do what?" she laughed.
"Why. manage thi'? house and those children. Anot^^er after-
noon like this one would land me in the insane asylum."
"I think they must have been extra trying today," she con-
soled.
"Well, I haven't given up mv plan for your music, anyhow,"
was his next surprising statement.
"You certainly deserve that much, and you are going to have
it. You know how cousin Elizabeth feels about my fixing up that
mortgage for her? She's always wishing there was some way
in which she could sort of pay us. Well, I called around there to-
night and told her she could send her Bessie over every afternoon
totakf^ t^-'e children to the park for an hour or two while vou prac-
tice. And you will never hear me again, my dear, lamenting the
fact that women give up their talents and ambitions when they
are married. Law, if they didn't what would become of us poor,
selfish men?"
(the end)
The Word of Wisdom.
Extracts from a Discourse by Patriarch Hyrum Smith From
"Times and Seasons," Vol. III.
When God first made man upon the earth, he was a dififerent
being entirely to what he now is. His body was strong, athletic,
robust, and healthy ; his days were prolonged upon the earth ; he
lived nearly one thousand years ; his mind was vigorous and ac-
tive, and his intellectual faculties clear and comprehensive. But
he has become degenerated ; his life has dwindled to a span ; dis-
ease preys upon his system ; his body is enervated and feeble, and
his mental and intellectual faculties are impaired and weakened.
Man is not now that dignified, noble, majestic, honorable and
mighty being that he was when he first proceeded from the hands
of his Maker.
The Lord has in his wise designs revealed to us his will. He
has made known to us his future purposes. He has told us as did
his ancient prophets that the earth shall be redeemed — that the
curse shall be removed from it — that the wolf and the lamb shall
lie down together — that the lion shall eat straw like the ox — and
that they shall not hurt or destroy — that the knowledge of the
Lord shall cover the earth as the waters cover the sea — that man's
days shall be as the days of a tree, that he shall live one thousand
years on the earth. This is the time of restoration of all things
and it has got to be brought about by the wisdom and power of
God, and the wisdom, obedience and faith of man combined.
Everything has become degenerated from what it was in its
primitive state. God made man pure, but he has found out many
inventions : his vices have become innumerable and his diseases
multiplied. His taste has become vitiated and his judgment im-
paired. He has fallen — fallen — fallen from that dignified state
that he once occupied on the earth, and it needs a restorative that
man has not in his possession, wisdom which is beyond the reach
of human intellect, the power which human philosophy, talent and
ingenuity cannot control. God only is acquainted with the foun-
tain of action and the mainsprings of human events. He knows
where disease is seated and what is the cause of it. He is also
acquainted with the springs of health, the balm of Gilead — of life.
He knows what course to pursue to restore mankind to their
pristine excellency and primitive vigor and health. He has ap-
pointed the Word of Wisdom as one of the engines to bring about
this thing, to remove the beastly appetites, the murderous disposi-
tion and the vitiated taste of man ; to restore his body to health
and vigor, and promote peace between him and the brute creation.
It is one of the little wheels in God's designs, to help to regulate
the great machinery, which shall eventually revolutionize the earth
and bring about the restoration of all things.
THE WORD OF WISDOM. 491
The Lord has told us what is good for us to eat and to drink,
and what is pernicious. But some of our wise philosophers and
some of our elders too pay no regard to it ; they think it too
Httle, too foolish for wise men to regard. Fools ! Where is their
wisdom, philosophy and intelligence? From whence did they ob-
tain their superior light? Their capacity and their power of reason-
ing was given them by the great Jehovah. If they have any
wisdom they obtained it from him, and have grown so much wiser
than God that they are going to instruct him in the path of duty,
and tell him what is wise and what is foolish. They think it
too small for him to condescend to tell men what will be nutritious
or what will be unhealthful. Who made the corn, the wheat, the
rye, and all the vegetable substances ? And who was it that organ-
ized man and constituted him as he is found? Who made his
stomach and his digestive organs and prepared proper nutriment
for his system that the juices of his body might be supplied and
his form be invigorated by the kind of food which the laws of
nature and the laws of God have said would be good for man?
And has God made his food and provided it for the use of man,
and shall he be ashamed to speak of the work of his hands ? Has
he become so fantastical, so foolish, so weak and effeminate that
it has become impolitic for him to tell what is the best distribution
to make of the work of his hands ? O shame ! let it not be heard
among the Saints. Let the man who inculcates such principles
hide his face. We are told by some that circumstances alter the
revelations of God ! Tell me what circumstances would alter the
ten commandments? They were given by revelation — given as a
law to the children of Israel. Who has a right to alter that law?
Some think that they are too small for God to notice, and we have
got so high, so bloated out that we cannot condescend to notice
things that God has ordained for our benefit? or have we got
so weak that we are not fit to be called Saints? for the Word of
Wisdom is adapted to the capacity of all that are or can be called
Saints. Listen not to the teachings of any man, or any elder who
says the Word of Wisdom is of no moment, for such a man will
eventually be overthrown. These are ^principles that I have
always acted upon, that I have always practiced, and they are what
my family practices. They are what Brother Hyrum has always
contended for, and what I now contend for, and I know that
nothing but an unwavering, undeviating course can save a man in
the kingdom of God.
The Lord has told us that strong drinks are not good. Who
is it that will say they are, when the Lord says they are not?
That man who says I can drink wine or strong drink and it will
not hurt me is not wise. But some will say, 'T know that it did
me good, for I was fatigued and feeble on a certain occasion and
492 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
it revived me, and I was invigorated thereby and that is suf-
ficient proof for me." It may be for you, but it would not be for
a wise man, for every spirit of this kind will only produce a greater
languor when its effects cease to operate upon the human body.
But you know that you are benefitted. Yes ; so does the man
who has mortgaged his property know that he is relieved from his
present embarrassments, but his temporary relief only binds the
cords of bondage more severely around him. The Lord has not
ordained strong drinks for the belly, but for the washing of the
body. And again, tobacco is not for the body, neither for the
belly, and is not good for man, but as an herb for bruises and all
sick cattle, to be used with judgment and skill. Tobacco is a
nauseous, stinking, abominable thing, and I am surprised that any
human being shall think of using it. For an elder especially to
eat or smoke it is a disgrace — he is not fit for the office, he ought
first to learn to keep the Word of Wisdom and then to teach
others. God will not prosper the man who uses it. Again, hot
drinks are not for the body or belly. There are many who wonder
v/hat this can mean, whether it refers to tea or coffee, or not. /
say it does refer to' tea and eoffee. Why is it that we are so dull
and languid? It is because we break the Word of Wisdom,
disease preys upon our systems, our understandings are darkened
and we do not comprehend the things of God ; the devil takes
advantage of us and we fall into temptation. Not only are they
injurious in their tendency and baneful in their effects, but the
importation of foreign products might be the means of thousands
of our people being poisoned at a future time through the ad-
vantage that an enemy might take of us if we made use of these
things that are spoken of as being evil. And be it remembered
that this instruction is given "in consequence of evils that do
exist in the hearts of conspiring men."
Let men attend to these instructions ; let them use the thing?
ordained of God ; let them be sparing of the life of animals. It is
pleasing, saith the Lord, that flesh be used only in times of winter
or times of famine. And why be used in times of famine? Be-
cause all domestic animals would naturally die and may as well be
made use of my man as not.
Let these things be adhered to ; let the Saints be wise ; so
shall we be blessed of the great Jehovah in time and in eternity.
We shall be healthy, strong and vigorous. We shall be enabled
to resist disease, and wisdom will crown our councils, our progency
will become mighty and will rise up and call us blessed. The
daughters of Zion will be beautiful, and her sons the joy of the
whole earth. We shall prepare ourselves for the purposes of
Jehovah, for the kingdom of God, for the appearance of Jesus in
his glory ; out of Zion the perfection of beauty. God will shine ;
Zion will be exalted and become the praise of the whole earth.
The Prince of Ur
By Homespun.
"What ho, for Ur-What ho, for Ur-" came the call down
vviidL 11 , KrppypQ hparin<y swift messages from
the mormng dawn, the cool breezes bearm^ swi l ^ .
the shady plain below, up to the very towers and J gg^^^^sjD*
the mithty city, rising hundreds of feet into the cloud-land above.
Abram stood wfth his friends the Tarsh-h and Damascan
merchants, watching the cavalcade now sweepmg mto sure vision
under the huge brick walls of the palace and city.
"It is surely Gilames, Merodach, Nimrod," cried the merchant^
"It is he the Shepherd of Uruk, the well-protected, the wise, the
powerful the perfect, he is its shepherd and its master^
^ The vast army was panoplied and gorgeous m the rays ot
'^' FoSfwin'the great body of chariots and carts, a multitude of
priesfs and scdbeslppearedfand these -rried vanous^ luig. and
b;ioS c,f t^^^=^r^^
fTs? came a golden war chariot, richly caparisoned, and m it
sW ir^m'sfwn father, the prmce of ^-ah He wore under ^s
war accoutrement, the white robes of a pri s , ^nd ^ a^n s ips
set o-rimlv as he thought of the mockery of his father s conauct^
Then cTme the glitteriSg, shining, heavily-encrusted war-chariot of
^■"^£o"'warol ^c°h™™™„din, figure that his giant body-
guard we," dwarfed in his presence. , His curled ha.r and beard
t:l.n riotous P-J-ion. haXf '"j^;re;es'b oaTbetweeT'fnd
^^:i Xn,giWT'ben:ath his" olSi;e,nret with unearthly
^hmourthev reamed from side to side, they caught each passmg
HeS 1 th'ev pierced to the very marrow ot one on whom he had
feed them w th his stare. His majestic arms were tmcovered
r ft, .Ihnw nnd the Mossy btown skin but covered the whip-
trm*sd:f:rhe"mov-ed'his'^.pear with the raprd jolting of h,s
494 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
chariot. His robe fell in finely-plaited folds clear to his feet, part-
ing under the right arm to fall away over the huge knee and betray
the richly embroidered shirt which reached only to the upper joint.
Tassels of gold, and heavily twisted fringe of gold, embossed this
inner garment, and added lustre to the shimmering folds of the
crimson and blue glory of this outer garment. The inner shirt
was of that delicate texture of linen that betrayed its importation
from the looms of Damascus. As Nimrod stood in his chariot,
under the rising sun of the eastern horizon, its rays glistening and
glowing as they covered him with golden glory, there was such
evidence of power and strength, such an aroma of kingly dignity
and force about his person, that even Abram did not chide as his
companion once more flung himself on the ground of the wide
parapet and shouted till his voice was gone.
"Merodach, the king god — the lord of the Euphrates — the
Lord of both worlds — hail — god of Elkanah^perfector of wars —
divine one — hail — hail!"
It was the deep, full hour of the morning, and as the king
stepped from his chariot, the whole populace threw themselves
upon the earth and shouted, while his body-guard closed in around
him, as he made entry into the narrow gateway of the city proper.
Others surrounded him, as he emerged into the streets of the city,
the officials of the court of Ur, and a gorgeous palanquin, with
cloth of golden embroideries, garnished by waving ostrich plumes,
was held over him as he marched proudly through the festal
streets towards the palace of Terah.
"Poor, blind mole" — said Abraham under his breath, as his
friend lay whimpering on the parapet, in abject worship over
this apostate warrior, "why should I chide when even my father
Terah can drag his priestly robes in the dust of man-worship, and
prostitute his offices to the forming of idols to enshrine the worldly
glory of this demi-god?"
Abram's eye was caught at that moment by a lone chariot
which had followed in the wake of the king's own car, and in it'
stood a solitary warrior, whose dun-colored armor and grimy
chariot ill became all this procession of gaudiness. His dark
brows were lowered, and his lip curled, as if in contempt, as he
spvirned alike the cringing shouts of the debased population and
the scattered flowers of the maidens bv the gateway. He stood
erect, his slender and youthful form vibrating with energy as he
himself held the speeding course of his steeds, and steadied be-
tween his powerful arms the spear which was untipped with gold,
and which bore no gleaming colors at its base.
"My kinsman, Lot, who has gone out to welcome Nimrod,"'
whispered Abram, and his friend the merchant who now stood
upon his feet echoed the words —
"'Tis Lot, the man of valor and of contention."
THE PRINCE OF UR. 495
"Lot may be of firm mind," quickly defended Abram, "but
he does not oppose the counsel of those over him. But come, it
is time we were at our posts. The king- may give audience, and
we must not seem to lack in princely welcome."
It was the afternoon following the return of Nimrod. The
fierce sun was sinking in the west, and the breezes and dews of the
river-banks were spreading gradually over the blistering plains,
while men who had slept and drowsed through the torrid noontide
now awoke to carousal or business as the tender gray shadows of
twilight began to steal over the groves and fields, the city streets
and courts.
Within Terah's palace walls, there had been many and great
preparations for the public audience which the king-warrior-god
had promised to his faithful subjects of this lower city of Ur,
The princely throne of Terah had been decked with the gorgeous
royal trappings of Nimrod, the spears were fixed in shining rows
around the red and gold walls of the audience chamber, the musi-
cians were already gathered in the small balcony above the lower
entrance with their kinnors, their kerens, their cymbals and tam-
bourines and they were ready to pour out their weird minor
strains accompanied by the regular palace singers, who had been
drilling all day under the court music-master.
A blast of trumpets announced the approach of the king. Sol-
diers, chamberlains, priests, scribes, all marched with clang and
clash into the confined limits of this smaller palace hall.
Soldiers, with spears lowered, entered the hall and ranged
themselves about the edges of the walls. Nobles, courtiers of high
rank, each with his silver shield, or with shining tiaras of golden
bands about their brows, marched with grave decorum into the
fast-filling audience chamber. The thundering of the drums' roll,
the crash of the cymbrals, accentuated the marching ryhthm of
the advancing throngs. The loud and prolonged blast of a hun-
dred silver trumpets proclaimed the near approach of the king.
Nimrod would give audience this day in the halls of the
Prince Terah, his loyal vassal. Room for the king ! Room, I say ;
room for the king of Assyria, of Babylon ! Founder of empires
and mighty hunter of men and beasts of human and Nimrod of
divine origm. Room for Nimrod— Merodach—Gilgammes !
Nimrod dwarfed the huge soldiery, the massy forms of his
warriors and attendants —all sank into comparative insignificance
when the giant form of the worshiped king towered shoulders
high above\hem all. His was indeed a goodly person.
The king was robed in richest stufifs and the edges of his
beautiful purple abaya were embroidered with all manner of floral
designs. Upon his brow there rested a diadem of the Moon-god
496 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
over a conical mitre which supported two horns of slender gold
and the rich mitre was covered with mystic embroideries of sin-
ister significance. His arms were loaded with massive bracelets
and his fingers with rings ; a heavy necklace was hung about his
thick neck, and his great ears were further emphasized by jeweled
earrings hanging upon his shoulders. In his belt there protruded
a shining hilt of a dagger, whose brilliant steel surface was as del-
icately curved as the slender horn of the new moon.
As he at length entered the hall, the whole people, save his
own body-guard, threw themselves wildly upon the tasseled floors,
and shouted themselves hoarse with cries of —
"Merodach — lord of the upper and the nether world — poten-
tate of all the earth — supreme ruler of the universe — god of light
and heat ! — Nimrod ! Merodach — Gilgammes — "
The king looked grimly at his prostrate followers. This was
no uncommon sight — he had been familiar with it for a hundred
years. But it ever thrilled him with the sense of his own great-
ness and majesty. His was the colossal magnetism of a throbbing,
self-centered, self-worshiped personality, his own vivid conception
of his personal wisdom and courage, giving color and warmth to
the adulation of his hypnotized subjects. Instinctively, the
thought that swept over him at this groveling exhibition was :
"I, Nimrod, am indeed a marvel ! The heavens and the earth
bow down before me !"
Seated upon his throne, he nodded graciously to Prince
Terah, who took the favored seat upon the steps below the throne.
Terah was very tired. His body was wearing with age and the
strife between conscience and expediency.
Into the hall there came messengers and ministers from
many of the surrounding tribes and petty courts. The princes of
the desert tribes sent presents of rarest horses, of woven tap-
estries, of jewels and golden tributes worth a royal ransom. In
return, they asked the federated protection of Nimrod's powerful
arm. And Nimrod was very gracious. Rarely had the king been
in better humor. His glory was at its height, his trophies of the
war and chase filled a score of hundred carts without the city's
walls. Twenty fierce Irons which had troubled the villages and
camps about Ur had met summary death at the massive hands of
this warrior hunter, on this very trip across the valleys of the
Euphrates. Towns and kingdoms that had resisted him hitherto
had come bending even here in Ur, to offer allegiance and to crave
protection.
Old as was the king, his spirit knew no feebleness nor dimin-
ution of valor. Nimrod was still lord of the whole earth.
As the king sat graciously brooding over these triumphant
thoughts, his eye roved about the halls, and he espied his effimi-
nate bastard son Mardan, smooth-faced, pop-eyed, elegantly clad,
THE PRINCE OF UR. 497
and with his bold shifting eyes fixed on that of his father, the
king, as if to catch the very glance now directed that way. Nim-
rod held out his scepter.
"Approach, thou perfumed suckling of a noble house. With
what black magic hast thou been tickling thine inner ear, that
should thus capture mine attention ?"
Mardan was momentarily confused. He realized that he was
not a favorite with Nimrod, as was his brethren who dwelt in
Babylon, for he cared more for the luxuries and safety of the
courts at home, than the risks and burdens of a warrior's life on
the field. But he soon gathered himself. He knew that Nimrod's
eyes were very keen, yet no keener nor swifter than was his own
tongue to travel the path of dulcet flattery. And a royal son
who could not flatter might not always be so attractive to this old
tyrant father as a bastard son who knew just where and how to lay
in the tints and colors of artistic praise.
Nimrod signalled to the musicians to cease their songs and
clashing harmonies, and bent his huge ear very graciously down
to hear the piping treble of this son of the house of Nimrod.
"The woods and the waves pour their tribute into the lap of
thy greatness. The lions roar thy welcome, and in thy wake their
cublets cry upon the plains in desolation at thy power. Kings come
to the brightness of thy rising star, and the nobles exalt the horn
of thy majesty. In the heavens thou art supreme, for it was de-
creed that thou shouldst set up thy reign from the rivers to the
ends of the earth."
Conventional and studied as all his flattery was, Mardan him-
self had the charm of the house of Nimrod, and his dulcet tones
were warm with personal admiration, while his bowed form held
an altitude of sincere devotion and rapt worship that did not
escape the tyrant who loved such tribute and glorification.
"Th-^u bast wiped out a measure of thy weak, bodily offenses
by thy loyal devotion of speech. But words are weak servants,
ghost«; of deeds that stand in the way to frighten or break the
courage of hmi who uses them idly. What lingers behind thy
words ?"
"Ten thousand youth with scarcely sprouting down upon
their chins are ready to offer themselves as warriors in Nimrod's
brave and powerful army. Two thousand virgins of all casts and
nationalities are this night preparing to sit upon the sacred pave-
ment there to win their right to woman's dower from the priest or
noble who gives them nod of invitation. The loveliest of these
will be chosen by myself to wait upon thy majesty's commands."
"What assurance have I that my son Mardan's private choice
will not fall upon those most succulent and fair ?"
The eyes of Nimrod pierced the bold, shifting brown orbs of
498 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Mardan as he muttered his challenge. But the pale youth gave
back his stare and said loftily:
"My soldiers and the virgins are hostage for my chaste and
pure intentions!"
Nimrod bent his shaggy brows first upon Mardan, whose
lustful eyes and puffed eyelids told their own story of debauchery
to the keen gaze of the shrewd old potentate. But Terah, who
sat at his feet full of that "confidence in young people, begotten of
personal ignorance of corruption, save as it flowed in outer lower
channels — Terah was quick to answer :
"Do Nimrod's sons follow not the ways of the Assyrian
priesthood ?"
Nimrod glanced warily at his host. He knew that Terah was
as upright and secure in his pure manhood as Nimrod and his
courtiers were abandoned and without shame. And he felt also
that he had touched upon a sore spot of hidden suspicion in the
old man towards Mardan, which might flare into open rebellion if
he pressed the point. So he merely turned to Mardan and said :
"All thou sayest is good. What more ?"
"The priesthood of the great temple of Ur, which thou hast
thyself caused to be here erected in the plains of Shinar, are this
night ready to deidcate its altars with the most holy and profound
anointing of bloody sacrifice. They wait upon thy commands.
The edifice is complete, the altars are ready, the victims await the
knife and fire. I have the honor to be their messenger." Terah
looked up at Mardan with awakening suspicion. Why this boasted
familiarity with the priests of Ur? . Terah had made a sharp dis-
tinction between his own allegiance to his country and to his God.
Had Mardan confused these two ?
Again Nimrod paused. He knew that his host Terah was not
friendly to the method which he — Nimrod — had invoked of ded-
icating all newly built altars by the ofifering of human sacrifice.
Yet, Nimrod also knew that the puny will of any man, be he who
or what he may, would not stop him in this inspired ghastly
whim of his later years. If the populace had become fired with
the wild lust of idol-worship to the extent hinted at by Mardan,
and the sacrifice was ready, he — Nimrod — would offer it, though
the very devil Merodach should rise from the lower bowels of
hell to prevent.
As he paused, Mardan lifted his right hand aloft, and with
a sudden, but elusive gesture, he smote the left hand softly into
the palm of the right, and as swiftly bent his arm with a significant
gesture. His motion was so graceful, and was so smoothly, rhyth-
mically done, that only those who understood caught at its signifi-
cance.
"Who are the sacred oflferings ?" quoth Nimrod, his hand still
in his beard, where he had placed it, as if casually, yet in answer-
THE PRINCE OF UR. 499
ing signal to his son Mardan's secret sign. As Nimrod answered
Mardan, Terah gazed open-mouthed, for he had become suddenly-
suspicious of Mardan.
"There are three of them, your majesty. Three Cushite
maidens, who are virgins, as is required. They have refused to
sit upon the sacred pavement, and prefer death to that delicate
initiation into the Babylonian cult."
"Are you preparing both death and initiation?" asked the
wily monarch.
"The high priest will see to that," darkly answered Mardan.
Terah was now widely awake and on the alert.
Just then, a great clattering noise, as of some voluble per-
son in contention, made confusion at the entrance of the hall.
The king frowned. But his displeasure was not sufficient to pre-
vent the inrush of the screaming, gesticulating, fighting merchant
of Tarshish, who had persisted in entering into the royal presence
in spite of the somewhat futile efiforts of the guard at the door.
Behind him came the Damascus merchant Eliezer, his friend and
close associate. The soldiers all knew the babbling Javanu, and
who could resist the laughter-loving wretch when he set out to
have his way.
"What now? What now? Who comes thus unheralded into
the Presence?" growled Nimrod. Although he sought to retain
some semblance of democratic freedom with his rough and ready
courtiers of the plains, he did not take kindly to irruptions of this
sort.
"Makers of devils — molders of hell — what do ye think — am I
a tadpole, that ye can pull off my tail and leave me to swim about
in this sweating atmosphere void of lambs' wool or even my
linen?"
For the soldiers had clutched his tunic as he was passed
jovially up to the throne, and even his inner white garment was
almost torn from his loins in their rough handling.
When the king saw who it was, his own features lighted up.
"Sit thee down, Javanu, sit thee down. Right at my feet,
old gossip of a thousand courts, and tell thy merry tales of love
and conquest from which kings and scullery maids have but lately
emerged. I love thy waggish tongue. Say on, thou male spar-
row."
Javanu, thus adjured, spent a few moments trying to bring
some order into his tousled array, and then, with a shrewd thrust
of his tongue into his cheek, he began the long and delightful
recital of events which had made him famous in a hundred courts,
and for which he was welcomed in hovel or palace. His was the
true art of recital. With the sympathetic soul of the artist, he
recounted the wars of Egyptia, the loves of the Lydian courts, the
brawls of the fierce sons of Japhet in the highlands of the east.
500 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
He brought before his listeners the hot streets of Damascus, the
cool meadows of Goshen, the rich courts of Pharaoh. The dark
glances of houris, the proud wooing of princes, all these were
woven into swift-moving tales of court and field. At its close,
Nimrod asked:
"What brought thee hither, Javanu?"
The merchant's exalted manner dropped from him like a
cloak, and he moistened his lips as he looked vainly about the
audience hall for the friendly protection of his wise friend Abram.
How much and how little should he tell? He had not expected
to be quizzed. He only thought to exercise his beloved gift of
recital ; but Nimrod's quick glance noted his hesitation. Deter-
mined to pluck the trembling merchant's innermost secret from
him, Nimrod bawled with deep tones :
"Tell all, thou fool, or Nimrod will suck thee dry as rotten
fruit in the hot sand."
Thus adjured, poor Javanu motioned to Eleizer, his Damas-
can friend, and to gain a little time he whispered with him. But
Nimrod was impatient.
"What is it that you hold within your bosom? Tablets? See !
They bulge out from your garment."
With quick stroke, the king plucked the three tablets from
Javanu's inner robe, and squinting at the seals, he said heavily:
"Wouldst thou trick the king? These are royal missives,
sealed with the nails of kings. I can not read their contents, but
I know my kingly brothers' sign manual. Read them, I say.
Read ! And lest thou stumble wilfully, here is my son Mardan,
he shall look over thy shoulder as thou dost interpret them."
With trembling hands the merchant took from his robe the
tablets he had shown to Abram, all of a private nature, and all
directed to Terah.
"They are sent to Terah, my lord," said Javanu, helplessly.
"Well," again bellowed the king, "read them to Terah ill my
presence. Is he not my vice-gerent? My kinsman, my confed-
erate? Read, I say!"
The merchant began his tablets, each one being an ofifer to
the prince for the hand of his queenly and renowned daughter —
or granddaughter Sarai.
"Who is Sarai?" the question and the tablet had set the quiv-
ering body of Terah groveling in fear and anguish of soul before
the throne. The loveliest flower in all his household. Protected,"
shielded, even more than any other of his carefully guarded wom-
en folk, Sarai was suddenly in great danger.
"Who is Sarai?" Aye, who was Sarai indeed?
The soldier Lot looked falteringly at his grandfather Terah,
and his cousin Mardan. Here was a complication little dreamed
of. The merchant Javanu realized that he had let fly a poisoned
THE PRINCE OF UR. 501
arrow from his rattling tongue and love of display. The guilty-
merchant quaked in abject misery.
The question rolled for the third time down the hall, "Who
is Sarai?"
This time, there stepped from the -side of the hall a figure that
instantly commanded all attention. If the king were tall, so was
he. If the king's body were knit with sinews of steel, covered
with muscles of velvety gloss, so Avere those which firmly out-
lined the massive form of Abram as he stood, unchallenged, and
splendid in his manhood, erect before King Nimrod.
"And who art thou?" shouted the confused and impatient
king.
"My name is Abram, O king, I am son of Nahor, Terah's
son."
"Abram !" bellowed the enraged monarch, Abram ! The one
whom he had thought dead and out of his way long years ago.
Terah had deceived him — him — Nimrod — the king.
" O king, why art thou thus angry? What has Abram done
to make thee thus enraged ?" asked Abram calmly.
But the king was rising from his throne to grasp the pros-
trate Terah on the step below, and there was murder in his glar-
ing eyes. As he stooped, he was caught by the muscles of his
neck in the sinewy fingers of Abram, and instantly thrown back
into his seat.
Without one word, Abram reared again upright and faced the
glaring eyes of his kingly foe. With the motion of forked light-
ning, Abram raised his arm above the shoulder, and in a voice of
thunder, he said :
"Thou mayest be king, but thou shalt not be murderer under
this roof."
The tone, the superb gesture, full of hidden meaning, awed
every soul within that hall. Even the burly giant on the throne
cowered before those blazing dark eyes. Abram was within his
rights. Even a king owed the duty of protection to the body of
his host. But oh, the hatred which gushed from those glittering
black eyes of the king, and behind those gnashing teeth, as Nim-
rod sought to answer sullenly:
"Abram teaches a king his duty. 'Tis well ! The king may
have some future words with Abram."
The words, the look, the snarling teeth of the enraged old
king cut the palsied air. The soldiers who had crowded around
the throne to interpose, now fell back.
Terah had arisen. His own eyes were scintillating with sud-
den rage at the king, for the insult offered to himself and to his
children.
"Who is Sarai?" bellowed again the king.
(To be continued.)
Current Topics.
By James H. Anderson.
Vilhjalmar Stefansson, the explorer, has discovered a new
land north of Alaska. As yet, however, there seems to be no rush
of emig-ration thither.
The cornerstone of the fifth temple for the Latter-day Saints,
since the settlement of Utah, was laid on September 19. This one
is at Raymond, Canada, but yet in the land of Zion, and significant
of the growth of the gospel cause.
Joseph S. Glass has been selected by the Roman Catholic
church as its bishop in Utah. Should he prove to be as fair, as
tolerant, and as courteous as his predecessor. Bishop Laurence
Scanlan, he will establish for himself an enviable record.
The conditions in Mexico seem to be getting no better fast.
No sooner does a ray of hope appear athwart the war-sky there
than a storm of increased intensity sweeps over the horizon, reach-
ing even to the American side of the Rio Grande.
Half a billion dollars is the loan which the English and
French governments have secured in America. This will be soon
spent for American goods, and the European nations will be years
paying heavy bills to American producers, with a substantial rate
of interest, while still other loans are looming up.
The University of Utah has practically the same enrollment
as last year, notwithstanding predictions to the contrary by those
who sought to set aside, in effect at least, the law which requires
the board of regents to control University affairs.
In a recent convention of Baptists held in Salt Lake City, one
of the chief speakers advocated tithing as a means of raising
church funds. He showed clearly that it was the Lord's method
with His people, notwithstanding the fact that sectarian organiza-
tions disregard it.
The effort of certain national government officials to have the
national government assume control over all the water power sites
within the States received sharp criticism from Utah and other
western States represented at the recent Conservation Congress.
Those western representatives seemed possessed of the idea that
CURRENT TOPICS. -503
the people of the various states have some rights which command
respect.
The Brooklyn (New York) Eagle sent a representative to
Utah to learn how equal suffrage for men and women worked in
this state. From his expressions to prominent men, made when
there were no women present to influence him by thought of gal-
lantry or chivalry, he was convinced that it worked very well in-
deed.
A leading New York authority in the fashion world, during
a recent trip through the West, says she has ascertained that the
women in the Pacific Coast and Intermountain West region pay
double as much as do New York women to be equally well
dressed ; and she lays it to the lack of careful buying. This should
open the eyes of Western women to the urgent need of retrench-
ment, if only for the sake of those who must earn the money with
which to pay bills.
On September 27, a carload of gasoline in the Atchison, To-
peka & Santa Fe depot yard at Ardmore, Oklahoma, exploded,
demolishing the station and killing every person therein, besides
wrecking a great portion of the town, setting on fire blocks of
"business buildings, killing about fifty people and injuring about
four times that many others. This was a terrible illustration of the
great danger which attends leaving, in the populated part of a
town, carloads of high explosives, which is frequently done.
The recall of Dr. Constantin T. Dumba, Austrian ambassa-
dor to the United States, upon request from Washington, because
of his interference in American industrial affairs, is a warning to
the nations that there is a point beyond which American patience
will not be stretched. Foreign representatives accredited to this
government have the business of their own countries to attend to,
and that is sufficient to keep any of them legitimately busy.
Count Franz von Papen, military attache at Washington, re-
ferred to certain newspapermen in New York as "idiotic Yan-
kees." Whatever he thought, or however appropriate may have
been his description, it is enough that his official position made
the remark so inappropriate that his presence at the national cap-
ital as a representative of the German government has been
deemed inadvisable, hence his departure. Thus some European
diplomats may learn that "a wise head keeps a still tongue," even
in democratic America.
Notes from the Field.
By General Secretary, Amy B. Lyman.
It will probably be surprising to many of our readers to know
that in the European mission there are 95 branches of the Relief
Society. Of these branches, there are 42 in Great Britain, 9 in
Switzerland and Germany, 7 in the Netherlands, and 37 in Scan-
dinavia.
In a recent report from Mrs. Ida B. Smith, who is President
of the Relief Society in the European mission, we learn that the
average enrollment of each Society is 23, and the average attend-
ance is 14. During the year of 1914 and until March, 1915, 8,630
visits had been made to the sick, and $1,643.42 distributed for
charity.
The Relief Society members in Great Britain have made and
contributed to the British Army 2,427 articles of clothing, con-
sisting of shirts, body belts, socks, mufflers, helmets, etc., — nearly
all woolen knitted goods. These were given to the Army in re-
sponse to the call of the Government. This work represents
special effort on the part of the Society, as the regular Relief So-
ciety work has not been neglected in the least. These branches
also contributed 488 books, pamphlets, magazines, etc., to the
Army.
Mrs. Smith has received many beautiful letters of acknowl-
edgement for these useful gifts of the Relief Society, two of
which we print, the second being from Her Majesty's secretary.
"1 Gambler Terrace, Liverpool,
"Dear Mrs. Smith:
"Will you please convey to the ladies of your Society the very
warmest thanks of the committee for the most generous and wel-
come gift of warm clothing for our soldiers. They appreciate
not only the gift itself but also the kind thoughts and the sympathy
with the work which prompted the senders. The demands on our
store of such warm things is very heavy, so you may imagine how
glad we are to have it replenished by such beautiful things as you
have sent us. I am sure they will be much appreciated by those"
fortunate men who receive them. Once mOre very many thanks
for your past and present help.
"Yours sincerely,
"Winifred Rathbone,
"Lady Mayoress."
NOTES FROM THE FIELD. 505
The articles made by the Societies of the London Conference
were taken by President John A. ]\Iaynes to St. James Palace and
the followinsf was received :
'Hon. Lady Lawley,
"Hon. Secretary,
'Friary Court, St. James Palace, S. W.
"February 23, 1915.
"Dear Sir:
"I am commanded by Her Majesty to convey to you the
expression of her hig"h appreciation of your generosity and to
thank you for the splendid gift of clothing which you have been
so good as to send to the Queen Alary's Needlework Guild.
' "Yours faithfully,
"Annie Lawley,
"Hon. Secretary."
The following extract from an interesting letter from ]\Irs.
Smith to her aunt Counsellor Julina C. Smith, gives further de-
tailed matter concerning the work in England :
"Our Relief Societies throughout the European mission are
still working hard. We have completed our special work for the
soldiers. Our sisters have worked faithfully and well, and are still
working hard.
We have taken up a special work for the poor, and about
2,149 members are engaged in this noble labor. The sum of fifteen
dollars, from the amount sent by our Saints in L'tah to be dis-
tributed to the poor of this country, was given out to each Relief
Society for the purpose of buying material to make up for the
poor children — as sheets, pillow cases, night dresses, undercloth-
ing, etc. These articles can he made for about one-half less than
they can be bought ready made, and the members of our Relief
Societies are eager to do the work. A complete report of this work
will be sent as soon as it has been finihsed, with the amount of
money contributed and the number of articles made.
Our meetings during the past nine months have been very
successful. They are all held in the evenings, as most of our
sisters work during the day. The president and her counselors
make out the program about a week ahead. " The meeting is called
to order, and, after the second hymn, the roll is called, and each
member responds with a sentiment. We are trying to encourage
the sisters to read and commit a little to memory each week.
Many of them learn passages of scripture. Others give splendid
lines from good authors, and are in this way becoming acquainted
with their own voices in public. Next, we have reports of visits.
506 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Then the work is distributed among the members, which has pre-
viously been prepared by a committee during the week. This is
done quietly, without any confusion or talking. When the sew-
ing is started, we have a gospel talk by one of the elders, a local
member, or one of the sisters. Then we have a song, a story, a
musical number, and the closing exercises.
In this way we are leading the. sisters out of the rut of
gossiping while they sew. They seem to be very much enthused
with their work. A number of them have expressed themselves
in this way : The Saints in Utah have provided the money for
the poor, and the Saints in this country are performing the work.
So they feel that there is a connecting link between them. They
are so anxious to feel that they are a part of that great organiza-
tion in Zion, and that the noble sisters who constitute the general
board are interested in the work they are trying to accomplish.
We are making a specialty of visiting the poor, the sick, and
the sorrowful. I hope to be able to visit all the conferences in
August or September.
It looks as if the war might continue a year or more.
Foodstuff has been on the rise. The weather has been beautiful
for the past two weeks. The crops, however, are suffering for
want of rain. It is claimed the potato crop is practically ruined.
The people of this country can ill afford to have ruined crops this
3^ear."
PROGRAM OF SEMI-ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
RELIEF SOCIETY.
October 1st and 2nd, 1915.
Friday Morning, Oct. 1st, 10:00 a.m.
Organ Prelude Organist Edna Coray
a. Pastorale in F (J. S. Bach)
b. Adagio Op. 113 (Spohr)
Hymn, "Come, Come, Ye Saints" Congregation
Prayer
Music, "Soldiers of the Captain" (Parks) . . .Relief Society Choir
Address of Welcome President Emmeline B. Wells
Response Mary H. Stringham, President Uintah Stake
Soprano Solo, "Gates of Paradise" (King)
Reports of Stakes . . . ". Stake Presidents
Summary of Relief Society Activities
General Secretary Amy Brown Lyman
Organ Solo. Fantasia in C (Tours) Edna (i!oray
Report of Genealogical Excursion to California
Elizabeth C. McCune
Instrumental Music Schettler Trio
NOTES FROM THE FIELD. 507
Address Counselor Julina L. Smith
Music, "Savior with Thee" (Molloy ) Choir
Benediction
Postlude, "Sing unto God" Arr. by Best (Handel) . .Edna Coray
Friday Afternoon, October 1st, 2:00 p.m.
Organ Prelude, Andante 4th Symphony (Mendelssohn)...
Edna Coray
Music, "Softly Now the Light of Day" (Von Weber) Choir
Address Counselor Clarissa S. Williams
Instrumental Music. .Profs. Willard Weihe and John J. McClellan
Address Martha H. Tingey, Pres. Y. L. M. I. A.
Contralto Solo, "My Heart at Thy Sweet Voice" (C. Saint-
Saens) Evangeline Thomas
Address Pres. Louie B. Felt, Pres. Primary Association
Music, "Band of Little Faces" (Parke) Choir
Remarks Members of General Board
Music, "The Lost Chord" (Arthur Sullivan) . .Chorus Little Girls
Closing Remarks President Emmeline B. Wells
Music, "Sanctus" (Dudley Buck) Choir
Postlude, "March Solemelle" (Schubert) Edna Coray
OFFICERS' MEETINGS.
Saturday Morning, October 2nd, 10:00 a.m.
Reports :
Magazine Counselor Clarissa S. Williams
Membership Ruling
Relief Society Books. .General Secretary Amy Brown Lyman
Duet, "Music of the Pines" (Chamberlain)
Pearl White and Violet Felkins
Reports :
Lesson Work
Theology
Art Alice Merrill Home
Home Economics Janette A. Hyde
Nurse School Phebe Y. Beatie
Relief Society History Susa Young Gates
Discussion
Remarks Counselor Julina L. Smith
Remarks President Emmeline B. Wells
Saturday Afternoon. Octoi'.er 2Nn, 2 p.m.
Testimony Meeting
Note. All stake and ward officers and class supervisors are
invited to be in attendance at the officers' meetings.
508 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
SPECIAL MEETINGS.
GENEALOGY.
The Genealogical Department will hold special meetings in
the Auditorium on the fourth floor of the Bishop's Building, as
follows :
Friday afternoon, October 1st, at 4:30 p. m. — Subject: Stake
Reports and Discussion.
Saturday, October 2nd, at 4:30 p. m. — Subject: Individual
Record.
Tuesday, October 5th, at 4:30 p. m. — Subject: Living Family
Groups.
Wednesday, October 6th, at 4:30 p. m. — Subject: The Com-
ing Season's Work.
ART.
Lender the auspices of the Relief Society Art Department, a
day has been arranged for at the University of Utah, Tuesday,
October 5th. At 11a. m. the visitors will meet in the Girls' Rest
Room, in the Administration Building, when Dr. Joseph F. Mer-
rill will give information on the grounds and buildings.
At 1 1 :30 a lecture will be given in the Archaeological Depart-
ment on the collection taken from the Clifif Dwellers, by Prof.
Levi Edgar Young.
At 12:00 o'clock the visitors will be conducted through the
Art Gallery by Chairman Alice Merrill Home. This Art Gallery
contains many beautiful pictures, among them the "Alice Art Col-
lection."
At 12:30 p. m. a lecture will be given in the Museum Build-
ing by Professor George Montayne Marshall; subject, English
.Architecture, the lecture to be illustrated with colored slides.
At 1:15 p. m. the guests may be accommodated in the Uni-
versity Cafeteria at a 15-cent lunch, served under the direction of
Dean Lucy M. VanCott.
On Monday at 4:15 p. m., a lecture will be given in the Re-
ception Room of the Relief Society Headquarters by Mrs. Alice
Merrill Home; subject, .Art and Architecture of the California
Exposition.
In the Kitchen Laboratory.
By Hazel Love Dunford.
HONEY.
• It has not been long since honey was the prhicipal sweet used
in the American home ; but with the advent of the sugar factory, it
is fast loosing its place on our tables. This is a mistake, for honey
is one of nature's best foods. Unlike cane sugar^ it is very
easily assimilated. Many persons who find it impossible to eat
sugar find that honey gives them no distress whatsoever. It is
especially good for children, and where they are allowed a liberal
supply, it will largely do away with the inordinate longing for
candy and other sweets. Ask the average child whether he will
have honey alone on his bread, or butter alone, and almost invari-
ably, he will answer, "honey." Yet seldom are the needs or the
taste of the child properly consulted.
The old man craves fat meat, the child loathes it; he wants
sweet, not fat ; and now that the cold weather is coming, he will
want it more than ever. Why not give it to him in the very best
form ?
In many cases, it may be a matter of real economy to lessen
the butter bill by letting honey take its place, at least in part.
The eating of butter and honey together is not a good habit
for children to form. If honey is bought in large quantities, it
can be used in a great many ways.
CARE OF HONEY.
The average housekeeper puts honey in the cellar for safe
keeping — about the worst place possible, for it readily takes up
moisture ; and in the cellar, or a damp place, extracted honey will
often become thin, and even sour, in time. The best is a dry, warm
place. A temperature of 100 degrees will not hurt it.
If it is kept for any length of time — especially during cold
weather — it has a tendency to granulate, or candy. But this con-
dition is not to be taken as an evidence against its genuineness or
purity, but rather on the contrary, for adulterated honeys are less
liable to candy than those that are pure. Many prefer honey in
the candied state, the majority prefer liquid. It is a very easy
matter to restore it from its former liquid condition — simply keep
it in hot water long enough. It should not be heated above
160 degrees, as there is danger of spoiling the delicate flavor. A
good way is to set it in another vessel containing the water, not
allowing the bottom of the one to rest on the bottom of the other.
510 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE. .
Place a shingle, or something of the kind. l)et\veen : let it stand on
the stove hut do not let it hoil.
RF.CIPF.S.
Honey Tea Cakes.
1 cup honey ^ cup flour
y2 cup sour cream thin i^ teaspoon soda (scant)
2 eggs 1 teaspoon cream tartar
J/2 cup butter
Cream butter, add honey, eggs, cream and flour, soda and
cream of tartar. Bake thirty minutes.
Honey Gems. Honey Jumbles.
2 quarts flour 2 quarts flour
3 tb. melted lard 3tb. melted lard
y^ pt. honey 1 pt. honey
Yz pint molasses 34 pt. molasses
4 heaping teaspoonful brown sugar ly^ level tablespoonful soda
V/i level tb. soda 1 level teaspoonful salt
1 level teaspoonful salt y^ pt. water
1-3 pt. water ^ t. vanilla
Yz t. vanilla extract
OLD-FASHIONED THANKSGIVING MENU.
Lily's Roast Turkey.
If a tough bird, steam for a couple or more hours. Fifteen
minutes to the pound should be allowed for roasting, unless the
bird is very young or has been steamed. Cook in double pan ; if
possible. Allow ^ lb. of butter to baste with, unless you use
bacon, which is objectionable to some people.
Oyster Dressing.
2 dozen raw oysters or 1 quart can, chopped. Use the liquor
to wet the dressing.
3 eggs, well beaten.
The crumbs of 3 loaves of baker's bread or 2 loaves of home-
made.
Y2 lb. of butter.
1 ts. of salt.
Fill craw and inside of turkey. Then make balls and put
about the wings and legs, as it keeps the meat from drying.
Lily's Creamed Potatoes.
Few people make good mashed potatoes. Cook soft, and
mash thoroughly. To 6 large potatoes, add 2 tablespoons of but-
IN THE KITCHEN LABORATORY. 511
ter and 1 cup of thin cream .If you have no cream use more
butter. Skim milk mashed potatoes are worse than none. After
the cream and butter are stirred in, take a toasting fork and whip
the potatoes till they are like snow. Serve with butter in small
hole on the top of the pyramid — as mother used to do.
Grandma Gates' Plum Pudding.
1 lb. of chopped suet. 15 cts. of chopped citron.
1 lb. of chopped raisins. 4 beaten eggs.
1 cup of chopped walnuts. 2 cups flour rubbed in the fruit.
10 cts. of chopped lemon peel. 2 teaspoonfuls of yeast powder.
1^/2 pint of bread crumbs. 2 pints sweet milk.
1 lb. of cleaned currants.
1 teaspoon each of cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves.
Boil in tin buckets set in water. Keep boiling hard for 6 or
10 hours. Serve with ice cream.
Jennie's Pie Crust.
1 tb. flour. 1 tb. ubtter.
\y2 ts. salt.
Mix flour with water enough to make a soft dough; place
butter in corner of clean cloth, work all the water and moisture
out, and form into a pat. Roll out the dough about an inch thick,
place the butter in the center, and fold over three times ; then roll
out again. Let stand for five minutes between each process. Re-
peat the process six or seven times. Always roll the crust from
you, handling as lightly as possible. Use but little extra flour in
the process of rolling it out.
Pumpkin Pie.
2 eggs well beaten. ^ cup sugar.
^ cup steamed pumpkin or squash.
1 pt. rich milk — little cream adds much to richness and flavor.
1 pinch salt.
Stir all well together, flavor with nutmeg or cinnamon, and
bake in under crust.
Pineapple Pie.
1 can grated pineapple, well drained.
1 cup sweet cream. ^ cup sugar.
5 eggs. y2 cup butter.
Beat butter and sugar to cream; add beaten yolks of eggs,
then add pineapple and cream, and lastly the beaten whites — whip
in lightly. Bake with under crust only.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wellsl President
Mrs. Clarissa S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gatesl Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer"
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice MerrillHorne Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddington
Mrs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor SusA Young Gates
Business Manager Janette A. Hyde
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah
Vol. II. NOVEMBER. 1915. No. 11
THANK GOD FOR OUR HOMES.
The Jews have preserved to the human race the
The Ancient home and its truest, best ideals. The pagan and
Home. oriental nations lost or muddled the clear fountain
of home inspirations. The state, not the home,
was the unit of the surrounding nations when Noah floated
over a destroyed world, when the Lord thundered to Moses
from Mount Sinai, and when the Master taught from the
Mount of Olives.
"Mormonism" has given to the modern world a
The Modern virile conception of the home, its relation to the
Home. individual, to society, and to the state. Ac-
cording to the gospel of Jesus Christ the home is
the unit of all organized human life, here and hereafter. What
the heavenly parents are to our earthly home, so are our
divine Parents to that eternal home on high. The modern
scholar Sayce, in his recent book, Babylonians and Assyrians,
page 233, thus describes, from his own researches among the
ancient tablets and mounts of the Valley of the Euphrates,
:
EDITORIAL. 513
the "peculiar" ideas of the ancient Semites — or children of
Shem — concerning the family relations here and hereafter:
"Wholly .different was the idea which underlay the spirit-
ual conception of the Semites. He believed in a god in whose
image man had been made. It was a god whose attributes were
human, but intensified in power and action. The human family
on earth had its counterpart in the divine family in heaven.
By the side of the god stood the goddess, a colorless reflection
of the god, like the woman b}^ the side of the man. The divine
pair were accompanied by a son, who was the heir to his
father's power and his representative and interpreter. As man
stood at the head of created things in this world, so, too, the
god stood at the head of all creation. He had called all
things into existence, and could destroy them if he chose."
For an uninspired translation of ancient belief, what more
perfect description of true earthly and heavenly ideals and be-
liefs could be given. Any people who hold such exalted possi-
bilities as to the ultimate conditions of family relations and
home life must of necessity possess correspondingly pure and
elevated working principles of action.
When we gather around our home altars at this
Thanksgiv- peaceful thanksgiving season, let not the least of
ing For Our our grateful thanks extend on high -for the re-
Homes, stored knowledge of what a home is, may be, and
will be in the future. Let us thank God for homes
in Zion where truth exists as the bulwark and love as the light
of our daily lives and conduct. Thank God — thank our earthly
parents, and each other, for all the blessedness which comes
to our human homes. Unlock our lips, unseal our thoughts,
and give love and gratitude, voice and speech. 'Tis the season
of gratitude and thanksgiving, and we thank and worship thee,
O our Father, for homes, for families, and above all for the
knowledge of our relationship to our selves, to thee and to thine,
in that Heavenly Home.
CHARITY.
The mantle of Charity all should wear.
Regardless of color or size ;
l'^>r it never grows old, as some things d<>.
And is very becoming to me and you.
'Tis a gem we all should prize.
Edith McClendon.
Mesa. Arizona.
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Work and Business.
First Week (Dec. 7).
Theology and Testimony.
Second Week (Dec. 14).
WORD OF WISDOM.
Section 89 of the Doctrine and Covenants contains a very
clear and specific revelation on the foods good for man, and those
which are injurious. This revelation was further clarified by
Patriarch Hyrum Smith who stated that tea and coflfee were for-
bidden articles. All spirituous liquors— which contain intoxicating-
principles were forbidden. All stimulants — especially strong
drink, tea and cofifee — are also forbidden. Meat should be eaten
sparingly, and then in winter, and times of famine. All herbs,
which we freely interpret as vegetables, with fruits in their season,
grains, and all of the good things of the earth, air, and waters,
are blessed, and dedicated to the use of man. The leaders who
followed the Prophet, especially President Brigham Young and
President Joseph F. Smith, have laid heavy stress on the keeping
of this law. President Smith recently laid down the injunction
that officers in this Society should be strict in the observance of
this law. Let the Relief Society workers set an example worthy
of imitation by every daughter of Zion.
1. Read Section 89, Doctrine & Covenants.
2. Why are stimulants and narcotics injurious?
3. What can you say as to the use of beer, wine, whiskey
and tobacco?
4. What would you think of Relief Society officers who
would serve or ofifer tea, coffee, beer, or wine, to friends
or guests at home, or in bazaars or public gatherings?
5. Why is cleanliness a part of health?
6. What are the healing powers of love and charity ?
7. Read Verses 123-125 of Section 88, Doctrine & Cove-
nants.
8. Read Verse 3 in the seventh Lecture on Faith.
9. Who should keep the Word of Wisdom?
Reference: See Sermon by Patriarch Hyrum Smith, in this
issue.
GUIDE LESSONS. 515
Genealogy.
SOURCES OF INFORMATION (Dec. 21).
LIBRARIES AND BOOKS.
The extent and scope of genealogical libraries is astonishing
to most people. The millions of dollars spent for spacious and
costly buildings, for rare and expensive books comes as a surprise
to the uninitiated. Nearly every section of the United States has
its district genealogical association with the usual library. .A.mong
the New England people there is the Boston or New England
Genealogical Society Library ; for the early Dutch and Knicker-
bockers, there is the New York Society and Library ; for the
Quakers and Pennsylvania Dutch, there is the Pennsylvania Soci-
ety and Library in Philadelphia ; the New Jersey people have their
own at Trenton ; the Old Northwest Society includes IlHnois,
Ohio, Kansas, Minnesota, Indiana, and Iowa ; for the West, the
California Society at San Francisco ; and for all our people, the
LTtah Genealogical Society and Library in Salt Lake City.
In all of these libraries, emphasis is laid on the sectional work
and family lines, yet all of them possess also the standard gene-
alogical books. The list of standard English and American books
will be found in our Lesson Books.
• Our Utah Genealogical Library has most of these standard
books. The earnest student will certainly pay a good visit to our
library each time he comes to the city. Theatres, fairs, shops, all
these are of small value compared with the great worth of such a
collection of possibilities as are in our own genealogical library.
Not once, but every time possible, our students should visit and
work in our library. Here, as in other similar libraries, is the
most important and fruitful source of information in the world.
Let the class read chapter 7 in our new Lesson Book on
Sources of Information.
FOR EXERCISE.
Procure a printed genealogical or family history, from which
take a few original examples to place on the blackboard, number-
ing the same, and giving proper heirship and relationship. Com-
pare modes of arranging pedigrees as shown in printed records.
516 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Home Ethics and Art.
Lesson IV^. — The Sin of Ingratitude.
(December 28th.)
ETHICS.
The old English prayer book contains a significant prayer
for onr sins of commission and of omission. Most people feel
pleased and gratefid — at the time — for gifts which are given, and
for favors which are shown. But too often they forget, or omit :
first, to express gratitude; and second, to remember the obligation.
It is true that gifts are sometimes given ostentatiously, and
obhgations are brought up constantly, and therefore offensively.
It is almost a sin to parade a favor or to boast of an obligation,
ligation.
Latter-day Saints have been trained in the stern school of
self-control and self-repression. But they should not allow these
traits to make them cold, ungrateful or unresponsive.
This is so much the age of the child, that the child is in
danger of growing up selfish, self-centered, and ungrateful. Too
often, children say to parents, 'T think you owe me this, or that
pleasure, treat, or advantage." Parents "owe" children no more
than children "owe" parents. Children selfishly marry, unwisely
choose an expensive career, refuse to attend family or religious
duty, and give not a thought to the sacrifices made by parents, nor
to obligations they owe to parents who have given life itself almost
to their children. Children should be guarded against the sin of
ingratitude, by constant and rigid training in unselfishly seeking
the welfare of parents and family before their own ; also thev
should be trained to say and to feel — "thank you," for kindnesses
shown, favors done, or gifts bestowed.
Ingratitude is a sin, denounced by society, the state, and by
heaven itself. The ungrateful child is despised by society, and
is legislated against in some countries. Ancient Babylonia and
Assyria, as well as Judea, had strict laws compelling an outward
observance, at least, of gratitude and reverence on the part of
children for parents. Paul describes the present apostate condition
i)f the world in IT Timothy 3:2, referring especially to men being
"blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unfhaiikfnl, unholy." David,
in his exquisite psalms, exhorts all created nature to gratitude and
thankgiving to God for all his mercies. Yet, how ungrateful is
mankind today, to parents, to associates, to benefactors, to the
aged, to public servants, and to God the Faher of all.
I
GUIDE LESSONS. 517
QUESTIONS.
1. What are some sins of omission?
2. When are we absolved from expressing or even feeUng
g-rateful for a favor?
3. What do you think of selfish and ungrateful people?
4. Are your children properly grateful to their father and
mother ?
5. Quote II Timothy 3.
6. How can you train your family to be grateful ?
7. Is it enough to feel grateful, or should we also express
gratitude? . t u i
8. When do you express your gratitude to your husband,
your friends and to your Maker ?
ART.
The Christmas month always brings thoughts of the Christ
child and his mother Mary. So many of the members of Relief
Society have come from foreign lands, where numberless Madon-
na pictures are seen, that we feel to dedicatethe time given to the
art lesson to these sisters of foreign extraction. We suggest the
following program: , .-r , • ^ ',.
A Describe in your native tongue a beautiful picture oi
statue of the Christ child and Mary his mother that you saw in
vour native land ; translation may follow. , r ^ •
B Describe a beautiful scene, or church, or work of art in
your native land. Translation may follow.
C. Describe a park with its trees, flowers, paths, fountains,
statues, in your native land. _ .
D With what great European artists are you acquainted f
E.' Describe your native home. Is the roof thatched, slate,
tile, etc. ?^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ Midnight Sun ? Describe
it. If there are Scandinavians, let them describe the snow-scenes,
the- fjords^ etc. _^^ the English Christmas, the German Christmas.
the French Christmas. . , r^^
H What decorations are used in your native home for
Christmas festive occasions? What can be utilized m your loca-
tion nZ, for Christmas decoration? Make a plan for your
nir;<;tnias table showing the decorations to be used.
"^'"m r Horne wishes^o announce that she has -ade arrange-
ments with the publishers, and can now ofifer her Art Book-
Devotees and Their Shrines— tor $1.UU.
518 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
THE CROWN THAT I WOULD WEAR.
Oh, talk not to me of your earthly crowns,
Her titles and honors I'd laugh to scorn.
For I would tell of a beautiful crown.
E'en angels and gods might covet when worn.
'Tis .the glorious crown of motherhood,
'Tis the crown I long for, prize, and love,
'Tis the deepest dream, the least understood,
The celestial star in heaven above.
Oh, give me the crown of pure motherhood !
I crave and I hunger for babies' love ;
In that holy bliss I discern a power
That swayeth empires and kingdoms move.
Then go with your empty baubles of fame ;
Yes, go with your shallowness, show and dress :
A pure mother's love shall be my empire.
My heaven a baby's sweet caress.
Oh, give me the joyous laugh and the thrill
Of healthy and innocent childhood's glee.
This rejected cup I would quaff and fill
At the fountain that flows from eternity.
Let the childless queen of dame fashion strut,
Let her proudly boast of a life so free :
The Lapland mother in her rude ice hut
Drinks deeper of happiness than she.
Then give me the joys of sweet motherhood;
The title is sacred and most divine.
Her crown will be lasting and count for good.
Oh, grant that this title and crown be mine.
Oh, sainted mothers of the good and wise,
Of the great, the noble, the pure, the true.
Ye are queens of heaven in earth's disguise,
Your true worth was never quite understood.
Name me a monarch, prophet, or foreman.
Or warrior who worthy battles fought,
But owes his being and body to woman.
Born by thee, nurtured, fed, clothed, rearer and taught.
Then fling your earthly crowns unto the wind,
Or crumble them low in the dust of earth ;
Intelligence fittingly crowns the mind
With brightest jewels of the choicest worth.
I
THE CROWN THAT I WOULD WEAR.
519
Then let my empire be a world of love,
Where selfishness reigns not, but only good ;
Let me submit to heaven's first great law,
And taste the blessed fruits of motherhood.
Then lightly spurn it, ye of worldly mind,
But lo, your day of sad regret's at hand.
For me, my life I dedicate with joy
To please the Lord and carry out his plan.
Right gladly I'd suffer those hours of pain ;
What were an hour in the valley of death
Compared with so great and eternal gain
As that e'en one mortal through me hath breath.
Naught but sweet praise to the Father above
For this grandest privilege of life on earth,
And my soul shall ever be full of love
For the blessed mother who gave me birth.
Annie G. Lauritzen.
St. George, Utah.
BURIAL CLOTHES
Relief Society General Board furnishes
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Address JULINA L. SMITH,
Phone Wasatch 207 67 E. South Temple Street
Salt Lake City, Utah
Devotees and
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Excursions North
September 1 1 and 25
Pacific Coast Excursions
Daily to November 30th
For Descriptive Literature^ address
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O. S L,., Salt Lake City, Utah
Vol. II
DECEMBER, 1915
No. 12
THE
RELIEF SOCIETY
MAGAZINE
:3
~; N
ORGAN OF THE RELIEF SOCIETY
OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS
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Mention this paper and write for it today.
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Seed and Nurtery Specialists for U. S. A. SALT LAKE
The Relief Society Magazine
Owned and Published by the General Board of the Relief Society of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
CONTENTS.
DECEMBER, 1915.
Qualyfide to \'ote 3 [9
The Christmas Tide 521
General Conference of the Rehef Socity Amy Brown Lyman 526
For a Safe and Sane Chri>-tmas Fromade 534
A Prince of Ur Homespnn 537
Current Topics James H. Anderson 541
In the Kitchen Laboratory Hazel Love Dunford 544
Editorial 546
Guide Lessons 548
ADVERTISERS' DIRECTORY.
Patronize those who have made it possible for this paper to exist.
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan, Utah.
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CUTLER'S 36 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City.
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DESERET NEWS BOOK STORE, 8 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
DEVOTEES AND THEIR SHRINES.
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McCONAHAY, THE JEWELER, 64 Main Street, Salt Lake City.
MARIAN BANKS, Millinery, and CHARLTON'S SUIT & CLOAK CO., 242
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MERCHANTS' BANK, Third South and Main St., Salt Lake City.
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SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING
THE COMMITTEE OF RELIEF SOCIETY SCHOOL OF OB-
STETRICS AND NURSING AND PUBLIC HEALTH WORK is
pleased to announce the opening of the TWELFTH RELIEF SOCIETY
SCHOOL OF OBSTETRICS AND NURSING on Monday, September
20th, 1915, under the direction of the General Board of Relief Society.
School term eight months.
.Course A — Entrance fee for the course in Obstetrics, which includes
nursing and invalid cooking — $50.00.
Course B — Entrance fee for course in Nursing, which includes invalid
cooking— $25.00.
Course C — At intervals during the school year, lectures on Public
Health, Prevention and Treatment of Diseases, etc., will be given by emi-
nent physicians, surgeons, and specialists. No charge.
Course D — A class in Invalid Cooking will be conducted by experts;
no extra charge for students taking other courses.
Instructor, DR. MARGARET C. ROBERTS.
Dr. Roberts has successfully conducted our School of Nurses nine
school years, graduating over 300 Relief Society nurses. The work done
by these ministering angels furnishes an ideal of true Relief Society ser-
vice.
Dr Roberts has for over 20 years, conducted private classes in ob-
stetrics, but this year, we are gratified to announce the class in Obstetrics
will be under our own supervision. Dr. Roberts' graduates in Obstretrics
have invariably passed successful examinations before the Utah State
Medical Board. For further information, write to the Secretary of the
Committee, Elizabeth S. Wilcox, Relief Society Headquarters, Bishop's
Building, Salt Lake City.
PRISCILLA P. JENNINGS, Chairman.
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Efficient Service.Modetn Methods, Complete Equipment
Qualyfide to Vote.
When we moved out from Michigan
Some better'n a year ago,
Ala said 'at she would be a man
The same as pa, in rights, you know.
An' that was so, fur pa allows
His cares is more than he kin tote ;
Things goin' to the durned bow-wows
Sense she got qualyfide to vote.
She used to go around as meek
As any lamb you ever saw,
An' sometimes dassent scarcely speak
When somethin' was a-rilin' pa ;
But now she seems to feel that she's
The captain of the household boat,
An' pa's got shaky in the knees
Sense she got qualyfide to vote.
She says that she at last has found
A road on which she kin advance.
An' poor ol' pa a-goin' 'round
Without no button on his pants.
She says the female skies has cleared,
The flag o' liberty's afloat —
Pa says she'll next be growin' beard
Sence she got qualyfide to vote.
Strange wimmen come to our house now
An' look at pa in an ugly way.
With wrinkles gethered in their brow.
An' tell him he's a beast at bay.
An' ma says that's jest what he is;
She is a tiger, he's a goat ;
That he has sunk an' she has riz
Since she got qualyfide to vote.
The other mornin' pa arose
Afore she woke from sleep, by jing.
An' put on all her funny clothes.
Her pettiskirts an' everything.
Then yelled at her : "Put on them pants !
Put on that shirt, an' vest, an' coat !
You've bin a-waitin' fur the chance
Sence you got qualyfide to vote. — Selected
THE MADONNA AND CHILD.
Rare Painting in the Salt Lake Temple.
THE
Relief Society Magazine
Vol. 11. DECEMBER, 1915. No. 12.
Just now when all our thoughts are turning to the Savior's
birth upon this dear old earth, we naturall}- turn our eyes to some
famous pictured personality that an artist's fancy has crystallized
as the ideal Man.
Said an odd little girl one day, "Mother, the Savior doesn't
love me."
"Oh. yes, he does," replied the shocked mother. "Why do
you speak so?"
"Well, if he did," replied the baby, "he would come and
see me."
After careful explanations by the mother, the child finally
concluded with, "Anyway, if he can't come, why don't he send
me his photograph?"
That has become a pressing need with modern man. He
must see in order to grasp, to comprehend, to believe.
It is in Christ's providences that we have nothing left on
canvas to help us to a knowledge of his earthly perfection. Lack-
ing this, artists of all ages have delighted in painting him as best
they might, at every stage and in every recorded incident bf his
life. The great picture galleries are filled with these pictures, of
all grades of excellence.
Few Latter-day Saints realize that we possess several old mas-
terpieces, costly, rare, and strikingly beautiful. The picture of
the Christ child and his mother, which forms our frontispiece,
came from a famous collection which was carried to San Fran-
cisco by agents of Samuel Brannan. and by him sold to Alexan-
der Badlam. Other wealthy Californians bought this and its
522 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
companion picture, and presented them to the Salt Lake Tem-
ple, when that sacred edifice was completed — where this lovely
picture now is.
Note the exquisite bliss which smolders in the brooding
e)'es and tender lips of the mother ; both joy of possession and
agony of forecast mingle in the eyes which look out into fu-
turity. The figure of the boy John is dimmed because the artist
focuses his effects in the worshipful glance which the boy casts
upon the holy pair. The Child claims our deepest thought and
admiration. His is the face of a child, but the love and wisdom
of those mysterious eyes thrill you with feelings akin to worship.
All the details of drawing, coloring, and values are perfect
in this picture. Our own artists tell us, that, faded as are the
dimmed colors now, the world has lost the secret of this lovely
coloring.
Every devout Jewish woman, after Moses, approached her
motherhood with the trembling hope that she might bring forth
the promised Messiah. He was to come — all knew that. Who
should be his earthly mother — none knew. And so all mothers
hoped and prayed. That may be one reason why Jewish women
so longed for motherhood. And is it not the questioning hope
lingering in Mary's eyes in this picture which can hardly grasp —
as yet — the reality ?
The second illustration, "Judith," is a famous old Eng-
lish painting presented to the Temple by a convert, Mrs. Ever-
ard, who was a wealthy dealer in art works in London, twenty
years ago. She came here for a few months, bringing this pic-
ture with her to give to the Temple. The photograph cannot
give the exquisite coloring of the picture, which flames with
oriental beauty. But the charm of the composition, the strik-
ing beauty of the proud Hebrew face, with the glitter of deter-
mination shining through the brilliant eyes, the firm chin, the
lines of 'itrength In the rounded arms and hands — one of which
grasps a sword, while the other grimly holds the severed head
— these are details which make of this picture a masterpiece.
The story of Judith is as follows :
Judith, a Jewish heroine, was the widow of Manasses, whose
history is given in the apocryphal book which bears her name.
Judith is represented as going out to the tent of Holof ernes, an
Assyrian general who was besieging Bethulia, the city in which
she lived, charmed him with her beauty, and, taking advantage
of the admission to his tent thus afforded to her, cut off his head
with his own sword while he slept.
The last picture is really an art treasure of costliest value.
We reprint the story of it as given by the brother who obtained it
for the Temple:
Judith.
Now in the Salt Lake Temple.
Joseph Interpreting the Butler's and Baker's Dream.
Now in the Salt Lake Temple.
THE CHRISTMAS-TIDE. 525
" 'Joseph interpreting the Butler's and Baker's Dream.' This
great masterpiece was painted by Francois Gerard, a celebrated
French historical painter, who was born in Rome, in 1770, and
died in Paris, in 1836. He studied under David. By request
of Napoleon, he painted 'The Battle of Austerlitz,' one of his
masterpieces. Napoleon made him an officer of the Legion of
Honor, Cavalier of St. Michael, and a member of the Royal In-
stitute of Louis XVin, as well as a Baron. As a figure painter,
he ranked among the greatest of European artists of modern
times. 'The Butler's and Baker's Dream' was painted by him,
in 1815, and purchased by the agent of Joseph Bonaparte, the
brother of the gi-eat Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1817, this picture
was brought to America, with a large and valuable collection of
paintings, and placed in Joseph Bonaparte's mansion at Point
Breeze, near Bordertown, N. J. In 1839. Bonaparte sold his
mansion, with all his valuable collection of paintings, this among
them. At that sale, this picture brought $18,500. It was taken
to Boston, and exhibited for charities, enriching their funds
many thousands of dollars. It was sold for $12,000, in 1863, to
Samuel Brannan, in San Francisco, from whose hands it passed
into the possession of Alexander Badlam, who presented this
picture to Bishop H. B. Clawson, Salt Lake City, to give to the
Temple at the time of its dedication, in 1893."
We suggest that our thoughts this month dwell rather upon
the gift of eternal life which was brought to this earth by the
child Jesus, and whose message was revealed in modern times by
the Prophet Joseph Smith, than upon pleasure and excitement.
Serious reflections should form our Christmas musings, while
the memory of the Christ child and his mother will render us
the loving and wise companions we should all be to husbands
and children, friends and associates — not forgetting the poor
and the needy. The practical ministrations of this Society to
the sick and to the poor contribute a noble page to the history
of this Church. Wide generosity, sweet sympathy, true char-
ity, these, together with a wise restraint, a lack of maudlin senti-
mentality, and discretion in alms-giving, should make this holi-
day season beautiful and good, both to those who give and to
those who receive. Inasmuch as we do good unto the least in
the kingdom, we have rendered true worship unto Him.
General Conference of the Relief
Society.
By Amy Broicn Lyman, General Secretary.
The semi-annual conference of the Rehef Society was held
on Friday and Saturday, Oct. 1 and 2, with representation from
most of the stakes in the Church and several of the missions.
The two sessions held Friday were general meetings, and
were so well attended that there were no empty seats in the As-
sembly Hall.
On Saturday, the two sessions of the officers' meetings were
held in the Auditorium of the Bishops' Building, and were equally
well attended.
The music of the conference was of the same high standard
tliat has characterized the sessions in the past ; the music director,
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, succeeded admirably in making
the program a distinctive feature. The Relief Society choir led
in the singing of hynms, and gave, besides, four numbers in excel-
lent style. The following special musical numbers were given :
Soprano solo ' Mrs. Lizzie T. Edward
Organ solo Miss Edna Coray
Instrumental Music ,
Professors Willard Weihe, and John J. McClellan
Contralto solo Evangeline Thomas
The Lost Chord Chorus of little girls
Tenor solo Hugh Dougall
Song, "Music of the Pines" Pearl White and Vioht Felkins
President Emmeline B. Wells presided over all the general
sessions of the conference. At the opening session, she extended
a cordial and affectionate greeting to the assembly, in her own
charming and inimitable manner, expressing the hope that the
conference would be profitable to all in attendance, and an in-
spiration for future endeavor. Mrs. Wells admonished the wo-
men of the Church to realize that there should be no class distinc-
tion in the Society-^that all the members stand on the same basis
and are equally responsible for the great work that has been
undertaken by the organization.
Mrs. Mary H. Stringham, President of the Uintah stake,
responded to the address of welcome. Mrs. Stringham expressed
appreciation for the kindly spirit in which the visiting officers and
members liad lieen received, and also for the tireless work of
GENERAL RELIEF SOCIETY CONFERENCE. 527
the President and General Board in behalf of the great Relief
Society organization.
Stake reports were made as follows : Sevier stake, by Mrs.
Lily B. Gledhill ; Wasatch stake, by Mrs. Johannah Jensen ; Teton
stake, by Mrs. H. S. Stevens ; and the Hawaiian mission by Mrs.
Emma Cole.
In these reports, the presidents of stakes spoke of the help-
ful visits of the General Board, of the usefulness of the Relief
Society Magazine, and of the great improvement that is shown
in the various ward organizations, through the establishment of
guide or lesson work.
Mrs. Cole reported that there are thirty-one organizations of
the Relief Society in Hawaii, with a membership of 900. The
lessons as outlined in the Magazine are not strictly followed, as
they are not altogether adapted to the Hawaiian sisters. Those
studies which are of a spiritual nature are especially liked, and
are therefore emphasized. The speaker reported that the native
sisters are very liberal and sympathetic, and therefore make excel-
lent Relief Society workers, taking special pains to care for all
who are sick and in need. During the last year, the Honolulu or-
ganization raised from $900 to $1,000 for the purpose of building
a Relief Society Hall. This was done by donations, and by giv-
ing a great feast in the Royal Park, in Honolulu, each member
furnishing her share of refreshments. Kitchen gardening has
been taken up in earnest by the Hawaiians, and the results have
been very gratifying.
A summary of Relief Society activities was given by Mrs.
Amy Brown Lyman. It was reported that fifty-two stakes had
been visited by the General Board during the months of May, June,
and July, and that the remainder of the stakes — all close in — will
be visited in November. The societies have never been in a better
condition, nor the officers more keenly alive to their duties. In-
tense interest has marked all the officers' meetings, which now
form the most important part of the conventions. All the stakes
last year sent in splendidly compiled stake reports, and the an-
nual report of the General Secretary was more complete than it
had been for several years. Five hundred and forty out of the
seven hundred and seventy-six wards sent in ward reports for
reference in the office. These ward reports, because of the special
information they contain, are a source of real joy to the General
Board, and have brought the wards and the Board more closely
together than ever before.
Mrs. Lyman pointed out that the watchword of the Relief
Society is "Charity" in its highest and most practical sense, based
upon the inter-dependence of mankind. For the year of 1914, the
Relief Society distributed $48,482.12 to the poor.' Out of the five
hundred and forty wards who reported, it was found that there
528 RELIEr SOCIETV MAGAZINE.
had been 32,979 special visits to the sick, 4,172 famihes helped,
1,490 bodies prepared for burial, and 6,753 days spent in temple
work.
Many instances were related which illustrated the practical
forms of love and charity exercised during the year, by the
Society. Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune gave a report of the
Genealogical Excursion to California, stating that the First
Presidency of the Church, the Presiding Bishop, Apostle Heber
J. Grant, and about two hundred and sixty-five other delegates
and members of the Utah Genealogical Society with Pres-
ident Emmeline B. Wells, eight members of the General Board
—Mrs. Rebecca C. Nibley, Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune, Mrs.
Amy Brown Lyman, Mrs. Susa Young Gates, Mrs. Janette
A. Hyde, Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas, Miss Sarah McLelland and Miss
Edna Mary Davis — attended the Genealogical Convention, which
was the first of its kind ever held in the world. The Conven-
tion was a success, and is but the beginning of others to be held
later in the interest of Genealogy. The name adopted for the
bronze medal by the Commissioners of the Exposition. Mrs.
McCune reported that the Utah party held a one-day's convention
of Genealogy, independent of the National organization, with many
visitors of note in attendance, and that the Relief Society, as well
as the Genealogical Society, was presented with a beautiful
bronze metal by the Commissioners of the World's Fair. Mrs.
McCune referred to Genealogical Sunday, and hoped the Relief
Society would always be well represented on that day; she also
stated that the proceedings of the Genealogical Convention in Cali-
fornia, would be printed in the October number of the Utah
Genealogical Magazine, and that the proceedings of the Utah
Genealogical Convention in San Francisco would appear in the
January, 1916, issue of the same magazine.
At the Friday afternoon session, addresses were given by
Counselor Clarissa S. Williams, President Louie B. Felt, of the
Primary Association, Emma A. Empey, Sarah M. McLelland, and
Dr. Romania B. Penrose, with closing remarks by President Em-
meline B. Wells.
Counselor Williams referred to the pleasant anticipations ex-
perienced by the General Board in looking forward to the semi-
annual meetings and the stake conferences of the Relief Society ;
contact in these gatherings, is a mutual joy, is a benefit to all con-
cerned, and this association creates an inspiration for future effort.
Mrs. Williams expressed the appreciation of the General Board
for the great detail work done by the ward Relief Society work-
ers who visit the sick, comfort those who are in need, and min-
ister to those who are in trouble ; and, indeed, for all the manifold
labors connected with the duties of teachers, ofificers, and members
GENERAL RELIEF SOCIETY CONFERENCE. 529
of this great Societ}'. People are often fearful of saying kind
words to each other, and they wait to express love and encourage-
ment to each other until it is too late. This should not be the case
with Relief Society workers. We should help and encourage each
other constantly, for life is hard enough at best.
President Louie B. Felt felt very much honored to speak
l^efore the Relief Society, which is the mother of all the auxiliary
organizations of the Church ; she characterized the work of the
Society as the noblest work in the world, and urged the officers
and members to do whatever they were asked to do for its fur-
therance. Mrs. Felt expressed her joy in the pleasant association
of the Relief Society and the Primary officers in visiting the stake
conferences.
Mrs. Emma A. Empey said she was grateful for her place,
in the Relief Society and for the association with the members of
the General Board, as well as all others in the organization. She
briefly reported her recent visit to the Northwestern states, where
the branches are all striving for constant growth and improvement.
She referred to the Nurse School, and urged the members to sup-
port the same.
Sarah M. McLelland spoke of the relief work done by the
Relief Society in Canada, and told of a carload of warm clothing,
which was sent by the Society to the sufifering Belgians. She re-
ferred to the teachings of the Savior, showing that the faithful
Relief Society sisters endeavor to follow the instructions laid down
by Him.
Mrs. Romania B. Penrose addressed the audience briefly,
complimenting the members on the character of the work done by
the various organizations during the last year. She referred to
one stake that had put up one thousand quarts of fruit for the
poor. The speaker felt that the Relief Society Magazine was
an inspiration to all, and hoped the members would encourage and
support the same.
President Emmeline B. Wells made a few closing remarks, in
which she expressed joy and thanksgiving for the feast of good
things which had been enjoyed during the two sessions of the con-
ference. She referred to the sad condition of the old world today,
and prayed that peace would soon be established. She briefly re-
viewed the work of the Society, and in speaking of work done in
the past, said she knew oneRelief Society woman who had prepared
one thousand bodies for burial. President Wells urged the mem-
bers to keep up the spiritual side of the work, and to maintain
the testimony meetings, as this phase of our work brings a peace
and comfort than can come to us no other way.
There were present at this session of the conference 1,270
people.
530 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
officers' meetings.
Two officers' meetings were held on Saturday. The morning
session was devoted to business, and the afternoon session was a
testimony meeting.
Roll call showed the following representation :
Board members, 19 ; stakes represented, 67 ; 42 being repre-
sented by presidents and 25 by stake officers ; 5 stakes not repre-
sented. Two missions were represented, the Hawaiian Mission,
by Mrs. Cole ; and the Northern States Mission, by Mrs. Mary
Smith Ellsworth. There were 284 officers in attendance at the
meetings.
At the morning session, reports were given as follows : Mem-
bership, Counselor Clarissa S. Williams ; Magazine, Mrs. Wil-
liams and Janette A. Hyde ; Relief Society Books, Amy B. Lyman ;
Home Economics, Janette A. Hyde ; Art, Alice Merrill Home ;
Nurse School, Phebe Y. Beatie ; Relief Society History, Susa
Young Gates.
Counselor Williams spoke on the subject of membership. A
member of the Relief Society once enrolled, is always a member
unless she asks to have her name removed, or is voted out by a two-
thirds majority of the members of the Society, for good and suf-
ficient reasons. Mrs. Williams reported that the committee ap-
pointed to arrange for the publication and distribution of the Relief
Society Bulletin, during the year of 1914, had been able to pay
all expenses, and to close up the Bulletin account. She, therefore,
moved a vote of thanks to the committee which was carried. Mrs.
Williams reported that the Relief Society Magazine was Hear-
ing the close of its first year, and that everybody concerned had
been gratified with the success attained. The subscription list has
been larger than was expected. The Magazine has paid its own
way, and has a surplus in the treasury, which will justify an in-
crease in size for next year. This success, Mrs. Williams stated,
was due largely to the loyal support of the stake presidents who
had given their time and energy freely, to help establish an official
organ for the Relief Society. Mrs. Williams moved that the
General Board give a rising vote of thanks to the stake presidents
for their untiring efiforts in behalf of the Magazine. The motion
was carried.
The following resolution was introduced by Mrs. Georgina G.
Marriott, and adopted by the assembly:
"Whereas the Bulletin Committee worked hard, zealously, and
unselfishly to make the Bulletin a success with the members of the
Relief Society, and have so gloriously succeeded, both spiritually
and financially :
"Be it resolved that we, the officers and members of the Re-
lief Society, in meeting assembled, tender our hearty appreciation
GENERAL RELIEF SOCIETY CONFERENCE. 531
and heartfelt thanks for the help we have received therefrom, and
wish snccess and God's blessings to attend their future efforts."
Mrs. Janette A. Hyde reported that the subscription business
of the Relief Society Magazine would, in the future, be handled
by agents, who would be paid ten per cent for their service. Mrs.
Hyde urged the importance of sending in correct addresses, as
many numbers had gone astray during the year, (jn account of
incomplete addresses.
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman explained the use of reports, and
how to prepare them. Report blanks will be sent out in Novem-
ber, and Relief Society officers were urged to be prompt in return-
ing the compiled reports to the General Secretary on or before
January 15. She reported that new books for ward secretaries
and treasurers has been arranged, and will be ready for distribu-
tion by the end of the year. A small book has also been arranged
for the use of ward teachers. These books were all explained
in detail. They will be sent out to all the stakes for ward distribu-
tion in November, in order that every ward in the Church may
begin the work for the new year, according to the new^ plan.
Mrs. Alice Merrill Home reported the Art Department.
Architecture in England and America will be studied during the
coming 3^ear. Home study was urged, and members were asked
to study landscape, by making observations of real pictures in
nature, the tender twilights, the verdure during the seasons, and
the colorings of the skies and clouds. The handiwork and pictures
of the Creator were declared to be subjects worthy of the time
and study of the Relief Society.
Home Economics was discussed by Mrs. Janette A. Hyde.
A course of three years' study is being arranged by the General
Board. The last lesson each month will be devoted exclusively
to this subject during the coming year. Household problems
will be viewed from a scientific standpoint, and in the second
year demonstration work in the line of cooking and canning.
etc., will be carried on. It is hoped to have this work under the
supervision of the Agricultural College, in this and other states
where Relief Societies exist.
Julia P. M. Farnsworth spoke of the Relief Society Nurse
School for Obstetrics and Nursing, which opened September 20,
and which has made a fair beginning for a successful year. The
need of more students was spoken of, and the stake officers were
asked to send representatives to the school.
Mrs. Williams added that this work is now under the direct
supervision of the Relief Society. The instructors are paid for
their services, and the General Board supervises all the work. The
usefulness of neighborhood nursing and caring for the sick was
emphasized, it being the aim of the Society to disseminate through-
out all the Church instructions for carine for the sick.
532 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Mrs. Susa Young Gates, who has been appointed to write a
history of the Relief Society, discussed this subject before the as-
sembly. Mrs. Gates gave an outline of the proposed history,
stating that the opening chapters will take up the positions women
have held in the history of the world — both ancient and modern ;
how the dawn of woman's usefulness appeared when the Prophet
Joseph Smith organized the Relief Society. Brief mention was
made of the topics to be discussed, which denoted a comprehen-
sive history of the Society, including its specific activities. Stake
and ward officers were urged to keep historical records for their
own use, and the stakes were asked to send in a brief history to
the historian. The speaker discussed a course of music for
Relief Society choirs, stating that an outline will be made and may
be obtained by any choirs who desire to make a study of the same.
Counselor Julina L. Smith gave the closing remarks. She
reported that she had received a letter from Mrs. Ida B. Smith
who is at the head of the Relief Society work in Great Britain.
The letter described the work of the Society members in that far-
off land. Aside from their regular work, the members had done
a great deal along the lines of knitting and sewing for the soldiers
and their families, and caring for those made destitute by reason
of war. Mrs. Smith spoke feelingly of the necessity of properly
regarding our sacred garments, and urged the mothers to teach
their daughters by precept and example to be modest in their
actions and in their manner of dress.
President Wells made a brief talk giving a sunmiary of the
instructions, stating that the climax of the meeting was reached
in the touching remarks of Counselor Smith.
The closing session of the conference on Saturday afternoon
was devoted to a testimony meeting. President Emmeline B.
Wells opened the meeting with her own strong and abiding testi-
mony, and was followed by many of the sisters who gave hopeful
and inspiring addresses.
SPECIAL MEETINGS.
Genealogy.
The Genealogical Department held four special meetings dur-
ing the conference at which the following subjects were discussed :
some stakes reported methods of preparing individual records and
living family groups were taught. The work for the coming
season was discussed. Tt was decided that the department should
emphasize the following three points for next year:
1. Make an indivichial sheet record of every individual in
the Society.
2. Secure members for Genealogical Society.
GEXERAL RELIEF SOCIETY COXFERENCE. 533
3. Every woman shall spend one day in the temple in her
district or arrange for some one to do this for her.
At the meeting- on Saturday afternoon Mr. C. L. McFaul,
the genial passenger agent of the Southern Pacific, was invited to
address the convention. Mr. McFaul spoke briefly of the great
pleasure he had experienced in conducting the Genealogical ex-
cursion to California, that in his twenty-one years of experience
he had never conducted a party that was so considerate of each
other, and so willing to adapt themselves to all conditions and
circumstances. He felt that this was largely due to the unity
and good fellowship of the members of the Society, and to the
high ideals for which the Society stands. Mr. McFaul said he
had come to feel a high respect for every member of the organiza-
tion and also for the Genealogical Society of Utah.
Mrs. Gates replied by giving Mr. ]\IcFaul the key to the
mystery : each member of the partv was deeply engaged in a
great cause which they loved better than they loved selfish gratifi-
cation. \ rising vote of thanks was given spontaneously to Mr.
McFaul for his unfailing courtesy and consideration.
Other classes were held Tuesdav and Wednesdav afternoons.
ART.
On Tuesday. October 5, the Relief Society visited the Uni-
versity of Utah in a body. Their visit was arranged for by the
art department of the Relief Society, in order that the members
might have the opportunity to inspect the museum and buildings
and visit the art gallery.
President Kingsbury received the ladies most cordially in the
girls' rest room, and gave them general information on the
grounds and buildings. Professor Levi Edgar Young gave a
lecture in the museum, outlining future plans of the Universitv of
Utah with regard to that department. Professor George ]\I. ]\far-
shall gave a lecture in the phvsics building, on the subject of Eng-
lish architecture which was illustrated with colored slides. Miss
Alice ]\Ierrill Home gave a lecture on the pictures in the art
gallery.
At 1 :15 a delicious luncheon was served to the visitors bv
the Universitv. under the personal direction of Dean Lucy M.
Van Cott. The whole day w^as one of pleasure and profit, and
will long be remembered by all of the two hundred and fifty
women who were in attendance.
On Monday afternoon a lecture was given bv ]\Irs. Alice
Merrill Home in the Relief Societv narlors. the subject being "Art
and Architecture of the California Exposition."
For a Safe and Sane Christmas and
Withal a Merrv One.
By Fromade.
Why not abolish the practice of giving a multitude of Christ-
mas presents, just as we have done away with Fourth of July
fireworks ? Why not destroy the dangerous bombs of Christmas
present debts, banish the rockets of Christmas extravagance, and
explode the frightful fire-crackers of Christmas indulgences?
With the Yuletide fireworks abandoned, the celebration of Christ-
mas will naturally tend to become one of spiritual jubilation rather
than one of sordid gain.
Consider the present Christmas celebration of the average
person. Whether you take the case of a man or that of a woman,
it is much the same. Early in December the shops put on their
Christmas dress. They begin their display of Christmas scarfs,
neckties, handkerchiefs, gloves, ribbons, laces, toys, books, dolls
and nicnacs of every description. A man flounders about for days
in the pushing, crushing mob which besets the counters of the
gents' furnishings and the glove department. After much loss of
temper he succeeds in purchasing for his father, his brothers and
his men friends the conventional Christmas present. The presents
are not so fine as he would like, but they are as fine as he can
.afford. For his mother and his sister he buys gloves and hand-
kerchiefs, not so good as he would like, but again the question of
the purse comes into evidence. His sweetheart is to have a fan,
very pretty and costing more than he can rightly pay. The heart
often plays havoc with a bank account.
A woman hovers between the fancy work department and
the jewelry counter. She leaves no corner of the shop unhaunted,
for often a valuable suggestion comes from the most unexpected
corner. By Christmas eve her purse is drained of the last farth-
ing, her eyes are smarting from long and late hours of embroider-
ing, and her fingers are sore from much needle pricking. She is
happy, of course, in the lovely presents she has prepared, and still
she will be so glad when it is all over — Christmas is such a stren-
uous time, you know!
Now if the man or the woman be married, Christmas celebra-
tion by means of gifts is doubly hard. There are two families to
buy presents for, there are two sets of friends to be remembered,
all on the same salary which used to buy the presents for the
family and friends of one person.
"Oh, why does Jeanette send me a Christmas present? I
never associate with her any more, and she is entirely out of our
A SAFE AND SANE CHRISTMAS. 535
crowd," wails the bride, not out of stinginess, mind you, but from
the depths of a distressed mind, weary with trying to make money
stretch to the limit.
"And I don't see how we can remember the Wiltons this
year, dear. I have my insurance to meet after Christmas," com-
ments the bridegroom.
"But we must scrimp something out for them somehow.
, You know they would never get over talking about us if we
didn't," argues the bride fiercely. "I wish there were no such
time as Christmas !"
There is Christmas spirit for you !
If there are children in the family, Christmas becomes trebly
difficult and expensive, unless the parents are very wise in their
attitude toward the celebration of the day. Often, however,
foolishly fond parents think the day is not well noticed unless the
children are gorged and glutted to the content of their greedy
little hearts. Grocery bills are left unpaid so Willie can have a
fine big rocking horse with a real horse-hair tail. The dentist
must wait for his money until after Christmas so that little Mabel
can have a French doll that laughs and cries and says "Mama,
papa !"
And all this worry and scurry for a Merry Christmas. If
you think the prevailing way of celebrating the day is bringing
"Great joy, peace on earth and good will toward men" watch the
face of the average Christmas shopper. The tired eyes, the pale
cheeks, the slight frown between the brows — wondering what to
buy and how to pay for it. And then the constant worry that
the gifts may not be appreciated and the spiteful, ungrateful words
which are spoken if the gifts are not up to expectations !
Is the dread of Christmas already upon you ? Is the worry
of Christmas gifts clutching at your heart? Then formulate a
safe and sane Christmas plan, and spend the merriest Christmas
you have spent in years.
There are many ways of doing such a thing — ways which
take courage to begin, for the unconventional way is always hard.
First, long before Christmas tell your friends of your plan to
celebrate the day without presents. Then you will not suffer the
embarrassment of receiving gifts which you do not in some way
return. Next, spend the time you save from Christmas fretting,
by enjoying the beauties of the season, by happy association with
your family and friends. Take time to look up at the Christmas
stars, twinkling with silvery crispness in the blue-black Christmas
sky. When Christmas comes, see to it that there is no human
being near you who is unhappy. Let the birthday of Christ dawn
upon no wretched child, no starving mother, and no freezing
father whose suffering you could relieve. Gather your family
536 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
and friends around your fireside to recollect the story of the
Blessed Babe. Gather them in gaily, content with the thought
that your hand has done some Yuletide deed of love and charity.
Let there be kindly words and music and dancing and simple
dining. Ah! material trifles are swallowed up, the annual ava-
lanche of pincushions, glove boxes and sachet bags is diverted,
and you thrill with the joy of a Peaceful and Merry Christmas,
the forerunner of a Prosperous and Happy New Year !
Relief Society Recognized by the U. S. Government
Record.
We were agreeably surprised to open the late copy of the Rec-
lamation Record, which is the organ of the Reclamation branch
of the United States Department of Agriculture, published in
Washington, D. C, under the supervision of Hon. Franklin K.
Lane, Secretary of the Interior. We say we were delighted to
find the following words of praise and commendation for our
Society. Surely our light is set on a hill :
(Reclamation Record, Volume 6, No. lo, October, 1915.)
THE RELIEF SOCIETY.
"There is a splendid suggestion, especially for rural clubs.
in the work of the Relief Society, an organization of the 'Mor-
mon' Church. This organization has a total membership of over
45,000 women, who meet once a week. Once a month they work
for the poor or for some overworked member. Mending, sew-
ing, even cooking, is done, and is made the occasion of a most
sociable time. The next three meetings are devoted to typical
club work, literature, civics, home economics, etc. But special
emphasis is put on helping each other in times of overstrain, such
as sickness or disaster. It is not a charity organization in any
sense, but a co-operative movement among women who pool their
efforts and minister to an all-around womanhood. Assistance is
given in time of need to any woman, regardless of religion, race,
or nationality."
Officers of Reclamation Or^^anisation:
Hon. Franklin Knight Lane, Secretary of the Interior.
Brigadier-General William L. Marshall, United States Army,
retired, consulting engineer to the Secretary.
The following three officials of the Reclamation Service con-
stitute a board or commission for the purpose of considering all
questions of administrative policy and management, and recom-
mending action thereon to the Secretary of the Interior :
Arthur Powell Davis, director and chief engineer, Washing-
ton, D. C. ; Will R. King, chief counsel, Washington, D. C. ; W.
A. Ryan, com]:)troller, Washington, D. C.
A Prince of Ur.
Homespun.
(continued.)
"Who is Sarai?" again bellowed the King.
Suddenly there rang through the audience chamber the long
and blood-curdling cry of a woman.
"Give speech ! What is that?" cried the king. Scarcely had
the vibrations ceased before a woman, clothed in pure white, her
dark and glossy hair falling about her, unbound under_ her thm
streaming veil, which covered face and form in a white mask,
crossed the room with flying, white-sandaled feet, and thrusting
away the arm of the soldier who barred her approach, she flung
herself at the king's feet, throwing out her arms in grief's wildest
abandon.
"My lord, my royal kinsman — lord of the Euphrates— near
my cry ! Give heed to my tears."
"What now, what now ! Give speech her place upon thy
wandering tongue ; brief, as befits a warrior's daughter."
"My lord, three daughters of this house, converted to the
true religion of God our eternal Father, themselves descendants
of Gush, but baptized into the religion of Father Noah and Adam,
these three maidens, pure as when they left their mother's breasts
have been carried this very hour from these gates, to be offered as
human sacrifices to dedicate the iron altar of Elkanah."
"What now— Terah— who is this? Thy daughter surely!
None other would wear the white linen of the royal household—
what now ? What now ?" i t- u
"My over-lord, she is my son's daughter, answered ierah,
his dry throat making speech painful. "She is far from her duty
in thus breaking into your presence, no matter what the provoca-
tion." rr :>"
"Shall a royal princess have no rights to plead for lite.^_
Thus gravely spoke Abram, who now stood very close to his
father's side. ^
"Hold thy speech, Abram," cried Nimrod roughly. ihou
dost meddle too much. This is my affair. The princess hath ap-
pealed to me. What is thy name, damsel?" asked Nimrod.
"My name, sire — my name is Sarai !"
The princess bowed again at the foot of the throne, her glor-
ious hair sweeping around her, under the meshes of her thin veil.
"Then these are the Prince Abram and the Princess Sarai,"
538 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
growled Nimrod, in his beard, his deep voice rolHng Hke an angry
flood over the bowed head of the princess. Turning to Abram, he
demanded :
"Who told thee to set thy face against the religion of As-
syria? Who told thee to plead a cause of which thou hast no
right? Fall back, bold prince. I like thee not so near mine own
sacred person."
The king's frown was black with high displeasure and bit-
ter hate.
"May I speak, your gracious majesty, god of the Euphrates
and lord of the two worlds — consort of the Moon-goddess and
master of the mighty Ishtar?"
The high-sounding titles with which his courtiers had en-
dowed him were spoken with melodious unction by Mardan. The
young and perfumed prince kneeled — nay bowed — to the earth
in deep devotion as he caught the bold eyes of his father Nimrod
with another familiar secret sign.
"Speak on, Mardan. I may not like thy speech, for I am find-
ing many hidden snares in Terah's household. But speak on !"
The pale and sensual face of Mardan was raised in smiling
worship to the king, and his popping light brown eyes and the
thin, yet curling hair over his high and narrow brows, gave him
the air of a courtier and sycophant.
"Rise, my weakling! Tell thy story!"
"Is it not meet that my lord and god should be received in
this great city of Ur by the smoking sacrifice of human flesh?
What greater testimonial can we offer thee than the broken body
and the spilt blood of adoring human hearts ?"
The lust of blood was very keen in Nimrod, and he now rec-
ognized in his once cowardly son Mardan, a man after his own
heart.
The effeminate youth reared himself loftily, and struck an
attitude of graceful, studied abandon, so close to his distressed
old kinsman Terah, that Mardan could feel the hot breath of his
aged relative thick upon his breast. But Mardan was now to
make the supreme effort of his life.
"Sire- — Lord of all the earth, you see before you a convert
to the true religion of the great Assyrian nation. I was reared —
as thou knowest, gracious potentate — according to thine own
decree, by this old man. Satrap Terah, than whom no truer,
kinglier man doth live upon this, thv footstool. He hath been
guardian, friend of my childhood davs, idol of my youth and
vounger manhood. He has ever sought your gracious majesty's
welfare ; and even when he must at times come into silent oppo-
sition to the will of his old father Shem — now king of Salem —
because of certain uncompromising and childish virtues in old
Father Shem's peculiar scheme of life, this grand old man has
A PRINCE OF UR. 539
been the friend, the champion of your majesty. When your
edict was issued forbidding the Prince Terah to confer the
priesthood upon any of his own descendants was communicated
to him, his mighty heart and soul rose to the grandeur of that
lofty possibilities, and he bowed in meek submission to your will."
Terah stirred uneasily in his seat. He had heard this smooth
and oily flattering recital of his own adherence and submission
to Nimrod, given by this subtle descendant of Nimrod before ;
but never had it struck upon his ear with quite the same mean-
ing as it now bore to his startled senses. Was it possible that
the clear and correct conceptions of his grandson Abram, who
was also listening to this very two-edged explanation, was com-
municating itself in another light to Terah's once somewhat hazy
ideals and views of the matter at issue.
"Not one soul in all this household has received the imposi-
tion of hands by one having authority in the ancient order of
the priesthood, save and except only this rebel Abram, who re-
ceived the ordination under the hands of Father Shem when yet
a child in Salem. Myself, I now scorn to remember and bear
record that I too was thus ordained in early youth by that great,
yet narrow and bigoted partisan forefather of us all — Noah. I
grew up in fear of the power of that priesthood, fear of doing
violence to its mandates if I so much as stood in admiration be-
fore a statue of your own lordly person — my dear sire and Lord
Merodach. And that, too, when my old kinsman, this brave old
Terah, had caused such idols to be shaped and molded in his
own workshops by the cunning hand of Azzi-jaami."
"Who, pray, is Azzi-jaami?" asked the king.
"He is thy slave from Lower Mesopotamia. He hath the
most skilled cunning in artificing brass and metal that hath been
seen in all the valley of the Euphrates. He hath been converted
to the old, foolish, worn-out Semnite teachings held even now
by mv traitorous cousin Abram, but long since discarded by thy
son who speaketh. and by thy servant Terah."
"Speak for thyself, Mardan," growled Terah, angrily, yet
low in his beard.
"When the three daughters of this idol-maker, Azzi-jaami,
grew to womanhood, tall as cedars of Lebanon, full-hipped,
full-bosomed, with coral lips and glossy blue-black hair and
eyes that swam in a liquid sea of blue-white enticement —
my fair cousins Tscha and Irit, whose slave-maidens these are,
required them last night to accompany themselves to the pavilion,
there to go out upon the sacred pavements of the goddess Ishtar,
and there to await the invitation which should usher them
properly into Babylonian mysteries and thus begin their work
of procreation. I submit to you that this request was neither more
540 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
nor less than compliance with the known laws, social and state,
which govern this kingdom of Assyria."
"Well, well !" asked the king, impatiently.
"These foolish Cushite virgins refused to submit. They
claim their direct inheritance through the sacred loins of Ham
as protection to them in their adherance to the religious ab-
surdities and quaint old-world beliefs of this disloyal Prince
Abram."
The name Abram stirred all the evil passions of the king.
He glanced gloomily at the prince, who stood with folded arms
across his breast.
"Let Elkanah's sacrificial altar be prepared for the three
black maidens. I will myself officiate !" Thus spoke the king,
as he gazed intently upon the prostrate figure of the white-
robed Princess Sarai kneeling on the throne steps below him.
He was determined to see her face.
With a stilled cry of terror and woe, the girl raised her
head as he pronounced the sentence, and as she did so, the king
tore the veil from her face. At full sight of her glorious beauty,
he e;ank heavily in his seat, his glaring eyes feasting on her face.
"God of my fathers — this is Ishtar ; her incarnation is be-
fore me- -star of a thousand heavens — gleaming moon of glory
• — who and what art thou?"
The huge form of the king bent over the stately, yet deli-
cate, form of the girl at his feet, his wicked eyes glowed be-
tween their withered lids and sparkled with the fires of hell ; his
senile lips moved on and his mumbling phrases were lost in the
quiver of his heavily-bearded lips.
Cowering like a lily beat down by a tempest, Sarai threw her
arms above her head, and with one swift spring, she was upon
her feet ; but the king was as quick, and he seized her quivering
body in his huge arms.
With the rush of a mountain cloud-burst, Abram flung him-
self upon the treacherous king, and with a sudden twist of his
own knee, he had wrenched the limbs of this giant, like spindles.
A blow beneath the ear, and the huge arms relaxed, and the
girl was free.
"Back, slaves, minions; back, I say! Death is free to him
who dares to set one foot forward!" cried Abram. His tower-
ing form, almost as tall as the king's own, flashed white as his
outer abayah fell away and left him clothed only in his gleam-
ing white robe. The soldiers cowered before his furious on-
slaught. Lot, Terah, a host of the lords of the desert, crowded
about Abram. With a cry of "Liberty!" they fought down the
soldiers of the king, and Abram fought his way out of the hall,
guarding his kinswoman as they fled.
(to be continued.)
Current Topics.
James H. Anderson.
Passports to "Alormon" missionaries to Great Britain are
again being issued ; but the missionaries to be sent there at pres-
ent are of necessity few in number.
The Hawaiian Islands is to be the location of a Temple to
the Most High, the first of such structures in history to be built
in the "isles of the sea" whence the gospel is to gather Israel
into its fold.
Serbia has come to be the chief theater, for a time, of the
great European war, in developments which likely will reach
culmination within the Turkish dominions.
Greece refused the offer of the island of Cyprus as an in-
ducement to enter the European war. To an outsider such offer
looks like a diplomatic game ultimately to rid the Grecians of a
pro-German ruler. The ways of diplomats are devious.
An earthquake shook up California. Oregon, Washington,
Nevada and Utah in the latter part of October. The principal
damage was the caving in of portions of railway tunnels along
the line of the Southern Pacific in Nevada.
The Armenian massacres in Turkey have thus far claimed
1,860,000 victims, according to official reports. Turkey and her
allies claim that the Turkish manner of suppressing Armenian
Christians is nobody's business outside of Turkey, but other na-
tions take a decidedly different view.
Equal suffrage was defeated at the election in New Jersey
in October, but that the issue is yet very much alive is shown
in the fact that following the New Jersey election came an equal
suffrage parade in New York City, where 40,000 women marched
in line.
China has tried a republic as a form of government for the
Mongolian, but finding the masses not yet developed to the status
of popular rule, threatens to go back to a monarchy, which, how-
ever, will be much more liberal than heretofore in that country.
Mexico's troubles seem to be settling down for a time with
542 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
the recognition by the United States of a government there, and
an embargo through this country on shipments of munitions of
war to all others. A widespread belief has obtained in this
country that the placing of an embargo on war munitions from
this country would settle the Mexican disturbances.
The Jewish colony at Clarion, Sanpete County, is being
abandoned, it is said, owing to insufficiency of the crops raised to
meet the needs of the colonists. An effort is in progress to locate
the colonists in Davis county, immediately north of Salt Lake
City.
The new tax laws in Utah have been a theme of much dis-
cussion among county and state officials of late. The people
will discuss these more thoroughly when experience demon-
strates whether they mean an increase or a lessening of the pres-
ent heavy tax burden.
Emma Lucy Gates was accorded a most cordial reception
upon her appearance in grand opera, when she returned to her
Utah home. The unanimous verdict of good judges is that Miss
Gates deserves commendation not only as a great artist among
the world's prima donnas, but as an accomplished actress.
Baseball seems to have attracted more general attention in
Utah the past summer than any other form of amusement. In
the Pacific Coast League, with six first-rate teams competing,
Salt Lake obtained second place, winning 107 games out of
196 played. San Francisco held first place.
Wireless conveyance of the human voice over a distance of
nearly 5,000 miles may be regarded as one of the great discoveries
of the age. This was accomplished recently in communications
between Washington, D. C, and Paris, France, also between
Washington and the Hawaiian Islands.
New Testaments in excess of 1,000,000 copies have been
sent from London to Germany by the British Bible Society since
the breaking out of the war sixteen months ago. Thus far the
printed word has not shown much control over the ammunition
wagon, but it may do so in time.
Moral training of children is a vital factor in the Church
schools, as pointed out bv President Joseph F. SmJth at the re-
cent October Conference in Salt Lake City, when he also referred
to the excessive burden of taxation that is being placed on the
people of Utah for the maintenance of schools which give no re-
CURRENT TOPICS. 543
ligious training, and in that respect are deficient in supplying one
of the greater necessities of child life.
The Immigration Service has received a setback by a de-
cision of the United States Supreme Court that aliens cannot be
debarred from this country because of business depression here.
The decision will be a most salutary one if it shall impress the
immigration service department of government with the idea of
reasonable enforcement of law rather than interpretations based
on racial or religious prejudices.
Waning prejudice against Utah was strongly in evidence
recently in St. Louis, when Frank J. Cannon was refused the
use of large church edifices there to slander the "Mormon" peo-
ple ; the refusal being due to the fact that leading business men
and others are weary of hearing sensational falsehoods against
Utah, and themselves have learned the truth by visits to this
State.
Miss Edith Cavell, an English nurse in Belgium, who has
nursed wounded Germans, Belgians and English during months
of the war, saving the lives of several of each nationality, and
who aided some English and Belgian soldiers to escape, was
executed by the German military authorities, who, when ap-
pealed to by the American and Spanish ministers, made untruth-
ful statements to the latter, it is officially reported. A German
woman in England, convicted of the same grade of offense, was
sentenced to six months imprisonment. The German officials
justify the execution of Miss Cavell on the ground of rules of
war, while their opponents denounce the act as despicable bar-
barism.
Preparedness for war has come suddenly to the front in
the United States, in strong contrast with the ultra-peace move-
ment of a twelvemonth since. That this preparedness, instead of
being gradual, should be a great and immediate expensive move-
ment, costing the people additional hundreds of millions of dollars
all at once, seems puzzling, in view of the fact that all the large
nations are so occupied and exhausted by the present European
conflict that the United States is more immune from attack now
than for many decades. With a gradual, rather than sudden,
and consequently a less exhausting preparation, this country
would be ready in time to cope with any possible situation abroad,
and also would get the advantage of scientific improvements
which must develop after the outcome of the present contest in
its re-arrangement of national relations.
In the Kitchen Laboratory.
By Hazel Love Dunford.
THE CHRISTMAS FESTIVAL.
Thoughtful people are beginning to think we are in danger
of losing the spirit of Christmas, that most blessed of festivals, by
"doing" it to death. The funny papers have even taken it up, mak-
ing ridiculous stories of it. However, women "tired to death,"
men in debt, and children in tears, are stern reaUties.
This is the greatest, the most blessed, day of the year, and it
depends on the womanliness of true women to make it the most
enjoyable, by means of simple sincerity.
The true meaning of the day, its lessons and its significance,
are being lost under a mass of sham and rubbish, while the light of
our dear Savior is ever shining, to lead us home again. Perhaps
no courtesy is more abused, or will it be more polite to say, so little
understood? as the art of Christmas giving, and Christmas re-
ceiving.
Christmas day is a busy day for the mother, especially if there
are to be guests in the house. The common custom of a late
breakfast, an early dinner, and a late supper has little to recom-
mend it, and much could be said against it. Where there are chil-
dren, the stockings have been hung in the chimney for the visit of
Santa Clause — consequently there is always an early awakening
Breakfast should then be served not later than eight o'clock, so
the work of preparation and cleaning away can be done early.
Have a very simple lunch at one, and dinner at five or six. If,
however, breakfast is late, have but two meals, serving the dinner
at two or three. Make your table as much of a happy surprise as
possible, in decoration, in gifts, etc. The meals should be simple
and wholesome. It is in the nature of a disgrace to have sick
children the day after Christmas, because of allowing them un-
wonted "stuffing," and foolish gormandizing on candy and rich
foods. In order to save work, the mother should prepare her food
a day or two in advance.
In the past two years, it has become an accepted fact that
Christmas gifts sap the energies, purse, and love of men and
women, in need of recuperation, rather than of increased strain.
Instead of Christmas being a blessed season, it will thus become,
if it has not already, a dreaded season. Sincere simplicity, com-
mon sense, proper pride and delicacy of feeling, must come as a
relief; wisdom, afifection and love should prompt the gifts; good
IN THE KITCHEN LABORATORY. 545
judgment and wisdom should adapt them to the needs and cir-
cumstances of the recipient.
There are many simple things that might be done that show
thought and love. 'Make your friend or neighbor a nice plum
pudding — easily done — while you are making your own. Send
her the recipe, if it is a favorite with you, or send her a nice bas-
ket of cookies. I am sure they will be acceptable. Be sure to
send them early, so as to save your friend the trouble of making.
A nice suet pudding can be wrapped and sent in the can, and needs
only to be warmed. I know a busy woman who sends out over a
dozen plum puddings to her friends, as she makes them easily, en-
joys doing it, and prefers this form of remembrance to any other.
RECIPES.
Italian Fig Pudding.
% lb. figs chopped fine 1 c. chopped suet
2 c. stale bread crumbs ^ c. salt
y2 t. soda ^ c. milk
2 eggs yz c. sugar
yo c. molasses 5^ nutmeg
Rub suet until creamy, then add figs. Soak the bread crumbs
in milk, add egg well beaten, molasses, sugar, flour, nutmeg.
Combine mixture, turn into buttered molds and steam three hours.
Serve with a rich sauce.
Date Pudding.
2 eggs 14 c. butter
1 t. baking powder 1 c. sugar
J4 c. milk Flour to make thick batter
Stir in 1 cup dates, cut in quarters, fill molds half full and
steam two hours.
ECONOMY PUDDING.
Any desired fruit may be used — a little jam left over, or a few
cherries, not enough for a meal ; or five cents worth of cranberries,
or a little stewed pie plant. Put this into a sauce pan and add
enough sugar to sweeten and enough water, so it will not burn.
One cup flour, 2 teaspoons baking powder, a little salt, well
sifted. Now carefully add water or skim milk to make soft dough.
Drop by spoonfuls on fruit, cover closely and set on back of the
stove and let steam one-half hour. Serve with cream.
EDITORIAL
Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Motto — Charity Never Faileth.
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wellsl President •
Mrs. Clarissa S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas Miss Edna May Davis
Dr. Romania B. Penrose Mrs. Alice MerrillHorne Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Emily S. Richards Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley Miss Sarah Eddington
Mrs. Ida Dusenberry Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCunc
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director Miss Edna Coray, Organist
RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE
Editor Susa Young Gates
Business Manager Janette A. Hyde
Assistant Manager Amy Brown Lyman
Room 29, Bishop's Building, Salt Lake City, Utah
Vol. II. DECEMBER, 1915. No. 12.'
THE END OF THIS YEAR'S TODAYS.
Over the sun-bright face of yesterday falls
Our Yesterdays, the dawn-lit veil of today. The twilight of
tonight forms the mysterious womb of to-
morrow. Yesterdays, todays, and tomorrows come and go,
and lo the year is over ! Into the past fade the todays, while
tomorrow creeps silently to our knees. They are our children
— ye mothers of today — these yesterdays of ours. Born of
our travail and struggle, those yesterdays came into life,
throbbed and accomplished for a brief hour, and faded into
the tomb of forgetfulness. Oh, those yesterdays! Lovely
they were in their dawning youth, bright with promise, vig-
orous with hope. The sweating noon-tide found them at their
prime, and vanquished or was vanquished by their mature
powers. The effulgent afternoons completed struggles or
prolonged hope — modified failure or dulled despair. The long
twilight floating slowly over, calmed all tempests, stilled all
enterprise. And the nights took our child-yesterdays in
their bosoms as Mother Earth absorbs her children's dust,
closing the eyes of hope and folding effort into the silence of
death's repose.
EDITORIAL. SA7
But they were good yesterdays — very good.
We loved them, Even when their sad faces were scarred
every one. with defeat, and their broken hearts were
cankered with disappointments — for they
were ours ; all we had. They were our possibilities and our
opportunities. It matters little how they treated us, in their
short lives; it matters much how we treated them. For out
of every defeat they brought us, we could, if we would, press
a vial of perfumed triumph. We may have suffered much,
but in that suffering, we may have conquered more.
Treat them tenderly, old Time, our beloved
Behold, O Time, yesterdays. Fold them sweetly to rest, till
our dead we shall meet them gladly or shamefacedly
yesterdays. at the bar of justice in the divine tomorrow.
We have loved them or scorned them, ac-
cording to our measure, and now — at this fading of this year's
today into the next year's tomorrow, we mothers of our yes-
terdays lay them softly by, wrapped in the tissues of our love,
while we water their graves with the tears of memory. Ah,
my precious today of this year, linger near me with your twi-
light thoughts, until some stern resolve takes conception with-
in me to make of my beloved tomorrows of the coming year
the brave, true, sympathetic todays that shine before my eyes
of faith with promise of fulfilment.
GENEALOGICAL CLASSES.
The bishop of the Tenth ward in this city presented the
Relief Society with enough of our genealogical blanks for every
person in the ward, so that the genealogical data could be secured
at once. Duplicates are prepared, both the individual and the
ward being thus supplied. These ward records will be preserved.
We commend this example to other generous and progressive
bishops.
Classes in Genealogy have been opened in the Bishop's Build-
ing for Salt Lake City and county stakes. The Monday afternoon
class deals with the history of surnames, is an advanced course,
and is under the charge of the Genealogical Committee of the
General Board — instructors, Mesdames Susa Young Gates, Amy
Brown Lyman, and Janette A. Hyde. The Wednesday evening
class is a beginners' class for men principally, and will present the
six lesson course given in stake classes. The instructor is Elder
Nephi Anderson. There is no charge for either class, and all
interested are invited to attend.
Guide Lessons.
Lesson I.
Theology and Testimony.
First Week,' January, 4, 1916.
Subject : Women of the Bible.
EVE.
The character of our great Mother Eve is that of all her
daughters, in embryo. What she was we are or may be. She
was the great prototype of us all. Our virtues, our faults, these
rested within her as the full grown blossom nestles in the green
calyx of the rose. Some day, we shall all see her and know her
as she is. For she was a very real, a very human, and a very
god-like mother. Her name signifies life — the mother of all
living.
Chief among her characteristics was that of womanliness.
She was quite content to see her own life mirrored in that of
her husband and of her sons. And yet, from the accounts we have
of her. she was possessed of some dominant characteristics. For
she had of that kind of courage which is compounded of
daring and recklessness; she dared to disobey, when her hus-
band, more cautious and more alive to the dangers of disobedi-
ence, refused to break the first great law. It is true that she was
deceived. She unknowingly put her heavenly Father at defiance
— but she also thought that a greater blessing would follow — by
the courage she showed in her act of disobedience. What daughter
of hers would not also suffer, if husband or children could be
heloed, taught, saved? Eve was a compound of curiosity and un-
selfish willingness to suffer that her loved ones might enjoy.
Eve was beautiful, with all that makes for loveliness, for
grace, for dignity, for winsomeness, for sweet and gracious wom-
anliness—this was Eve. She was guileless and trusting, with
that sweet independent relinquishment of her own will to that
of her husband's which has and does mark all her daughters who
are true women, and who have true, righteous men to lead them.
After her fall Eve trusted and obeyed her husband, because he
was both wiser and greater than she. There lives nor has lived
any woman so wise, so great, but that somewhere there is a man
GUIDE LESSONS. • 549
greater, wiser, and eminently fitted to become her mate because
of these superior quahties. So with Eve. She loved and
obeyed her husband, because it was a happiness so to do.
The Pearl of Great Price contains the most enlightening
view of Eve given in any book. Read the fifth chapter for the
account of Eve and her disobedient act, and note particularly
the majesty and sweetness of her attitude as given in the eleventh
verse :
"And Eve, his wife, heard all these things and was glad,
saying : Were it not for our transgressions, we never should
have had seed, and never should have known good and evil, and
the joy of our redemption, and the eternal life which God give-
eth unto all the obedient."
This touching picture supplements the Book of Mormon
account as given in II Nephi 2 :22-25. And it is this illuminat-
ing glimpse of Eve which makes all women akin, and which is
at once their weakness and their glory. Woman may lack dis-
cretion at times, but she is usually ready to repent, to climb with
her torn hands back to the summit from which she has been
flung.
Whatever the first sin may have been, Eve was also the first
to sufifer its consequences. In turn she gave courage, faith, en-
couragement and hope to her husband, as do her righteous
daughters always. Eve was not deserted by her loyal husband,
but he shared both her sin and her reward. He "told on her,"
that is true ; but he did not desert her, as so many of Adam's
sons have done since. She was to be cast out of the garden of
innocence — so Adam elected to share her trial and her knowl-
edge.
Eve was no doubt the first worker in the arts and crafts.
She used her nimble fingers and her quick brain to invent
equipment and to give pleasure. She was not a creator, nor has
she ever been so : she was and is the great developer. She
catches a glimpse of a truth ^e veiled to man. and carries it far
bevond his slower powers of develoDment. Eve is and was the
grandest, loveliest and most exquisite woman who ever lived.
Note. — Study carefully the two accounts of Eve's creation,
given in the first and second chapters of Genesis. The first ac-
count is called the Eloheistic. the second the Jehovistic — the
first deils, most probably, in eternal terms. The twenty-seventh
verse of the first chapter, says: "So God created man" (for-
ever and ever') "in his own image, in the image of God created
h^ him : n-iale and female created he them." This is all the proof
that is necessary of the existence in heaven of father and mother,
as parts of the eternal parenthood. The second account, it may
be surmized, deals in symbols: the creation of Eve from \dam's
side is the literal figure of everv cliild's creation.
550 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
THEOLOGY QUESTIONS.
Where will you find the character of Eve displayed ?
What is the meaning of the word Eve?
Read the fifth chapter of the Pearl of Great Price.
Read the first, second and third chapters of Genesis.
What can you say of Eve's courage?
What of her humility ?
What do you think Eve would say to a mother of tnchy win
I)revented child bearing?
Give your own view of the life and character of Mothf-r
Eve.
Lesson II.
Work and Business.
Second Week, January U.
Lesson III.
jenealogy and Art.
Third Week, January 18.
GENEALOGY.
There is such a wide difiference between the conditions ot
study and work in this great Society, such variations of need
and requirement, that it becomes at times difficult to adjust our
lesson work to all classes. In this study of genealogy, for in-
stance, some branches, and some stakes, have covered the les-
sons given last year twice over. While others have not yet be-
gun to work upon them. Thus we have both beginners and
graduates, as it were, to consider and plan for. The General
Boarl in considering this matter, have decided to spend the co'u-
ing winter months in the study and practice of individual
records: basing our work upon the L. D. S. Family and Indi-
vidual Record, as arranged bv Elder D. M. McAllister, and an-
proved by the Church Authorities. It may well be that some
.-.takes have already done this with great success and sitisfa-'tio'-'.
ITowevei", they, too must l)e content to follow along the current
of our main stream, and no doubt there will be some phases of
GUIDE LESSONS. 551
the work thus to be presented which will be new, even to the
advanced classes. In the fall, beginning with our September
work, we shall take up the study of surnames, which will be
fitted especially to advancec workers. And the beginners can
always go back and take the outlines given in this M.\gaztni<:
during the year 1915, supplemented by the standard Lesson
Book published by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This will
constitute a primary and an advanced grade of genealogical
students.
This first lesson is, after all, not so much a study as a duty.
We give three practical ways of advancing the great and growing
cause of Genealogy in this Church. We wish our Relief Society
sisters, each and every one, to emphasize the three following
points in their coming winter's work :
1. Individual sheet must be prepared of every Relief So-
ciety member.
2. All who can should join the Genealogical Society of
Utah, and persuade others to do so.
3. Each member of the Relief Society is to spend at least
one day annually in the Temple in her district, or arrange for a
woman to take her place.
We wish, in point No. 1, to urge each member of this Soci-
ety to write out today the information required on the blank sam-
ple sheet of the McAllister Liiring Record. Some may have
done this already ; then let them help others to do likewies. We all
think we know a great deal about ourselves ; but none realize
how little we know till we try to fill up all this data required.
In future lessons, we will discuss some problems of this indi-
vidual work. But this month, begin by writing your own sheet
out.
In point No. 2, we desire to throw all our influence into se-
curing life and annual members for the Genealogical Society of
Utah. Why? Because it is right to do so. There are several
reasons for this ; first, the Society was formed to help the Saints
get records of their dead. Second, books are purchased with
every dollar of membership fees so paid in. And they need fifty
thousand books in that library instead of three thousand, which
they now have. Third, we are to have splendid library quar-
ters in the new Church Administration building, and we want to
get the necessarv books to make of our library the most com-
plete and useful "in the world. If the results of this great Euro-
pean war were to involve the destruction of the vast stores of
books and manuscripts now in the British museum or in the
royal libraries in other countries, where would this people look
for records? Now is the accepted time. Membership in the
552 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Society costs one dollar a year (one dollar besides for the first
year as an initiation fee), or only ten dollars for a life member-
ship. Other societies in the world charge from five to ten dol-
lars a year, and the life membership is from fifty to one hundred
dollars. Every adult in this Church should be a member of the
Genealogical Society of Utah. Send to the secretary of that
Society, at the Historian's Office, for further particulars, and
for membership blanks.
Point No. 3 is but stating the evident duty and responsibil-
ity which is laid on each woman in the Church ; that is, attend-
ance of each woman at least one day annually at the Temple in
her district, or where that is really impossible, to see that some
woman does this for her. Certainly every Relief Society mem-
ber will be glad to meet this requirement, and some will do much
more than one day's work. But if it is done, there will not be
room in the temples now built, to comfortably accommodate
forty-five thousand women to go even for one day into the tem-
ples, in addition to the crowds already assembling there. Think
what such a movement would mean — the imperative need for
other temples in other selected places. And what does that
nican ? You women who love the gospel, answer.
QUESTIONS.
How will you fill out your individual sheet?
What steps will you take to join the Genealogical Societv
of Utah?
How many days do you spend in a temple annually ?
What do you think about building more temples?
What prophecy can you relate concerning temples in this
country ?
Exercise. Have each person present write out her data on
a blank sheet.
ART AND ARCHITECTURE FOR 1916.
"E.\c hath not seen nor ear heard, neither hath it entered
into the heart of man, zvhat God hath prepared for those who
loir IJiin." — IVords of Jesus.
I. LANDSCAPE STUDY.
Study of the Advance of the Seasons, Twilight Observa-
tions, and "Out of Doors" Parties.
GUIDE LESSONS. 553
11. STUDY OE ENGLISH AND AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE.
History of Architecture, by George M. Allen, B. S., E. M.,
University of Utah, Master of Architecture, Columbia Univer-
sity.
Devotees a) id their Shrines, pp. 120-131.
INTRODUCTION.
I am persuaded that the earth is heaven just as completely
as that heaven will be that I hope to reach, when I finish my
journey's end in this probation. I believe my duty is to discover
this hccven on this side of the mountain, so that in a measure I
may be prepared to appreciate that beautiful place I hope to
reach after the hard climb is finished.
A prophet said : "Man is that he might have joy." Nothing
is more joyful to man than the contemplation of the handiwork
of God, but there must be some mystery and the element of sur-
prise— something new to produce fullest joy. The same routine
day after day, and year after year, naturally suppresses the emo-
tional and intuitional natures, which are our best heritages. No
matter how complete routine work may become, it is possible to
keep alive within our breasts our best powers and capabilities.
We may rise out of our conventional lives every day — perhaps
many times a day — and feel the divinity within us by opening our
hearts and souls to the beauty with which our heavenly Father
has surrounded us. A passing shadow is sufficient to kindle a
spark of gratitude and of appreciation for a thing of beauty.
Every manifestation of nature, the season's changes, the differ-
ent hours of the day, the variations of light, the shift of color,
the varieties of form, have within them wonderful charm to the
awakened soul. Riches, however desirable, are not necessary to
an appreciation of these manifestations in which we are con-
stantly enveloped. Not even the wealthiest can have a corner on
a twilight, a moonlight, or even a rainbow. No one, however
great, can take upon himself the autumn colors, steal the gloam-
ing that envelopes the river bank, nor rob the starlight of is mys-
tery. And yet some of us feel poor ! It is our duty as Latter-day
Saintst to make our best endeavor to attune ourselves to the
Universe. In taking note of things beautiful, we can train our
finer selves, and get away from our baser natures, growing nearer
to God, and more like Him.
Let us take at least a few moments each day to study natural
things about us, and try to disengage ourselves from those shal-
low and often expensive pleasures of life, which dull our senses,
and our powers to understand our true relation to the universe.
554 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
In doing this, we will learn to better understand our indebtedness
for God's favors, in which we live and breath and have our being.
In connection with the art lesson this year, we are to take
notice of the changes of the season. This may be better done by
observing, from week to week, the same subject, such as a park
or valley, or mountains, or lake-bank, noting change of color,
leaf-budding, fall of leaves, etc. In April, at our conference time,
we will show a series of water colors by James T. Harwood —
twenty-five in number — painted during one year's time of the
same subject — Liberty park, or its environs. To understand these
pictures, as we should, let us study the sky, earth, and verdure,
in relation to each other. We must study what the artist calls
"values." The sky is at times darker than the ground — more
often it is far lighter. By half closing the eyes, and looking
through the lashes, it is more easy to discover values. Note the
same scene at morning, bright sunlight, evening or twilight, star-
light, moonlight, cloudy day, rainy weather, a snowy day, and
tell when the sky is darkest, when the mountains are darkest,
and when the ground is lighter than the sky, and vice versa.
ADVANCE OF THE SEASON: WINTER LANDSCAPE.
a. Describe the mountain creek as to color and form, wind-
ing down into the valley, during the snow season.
b. Describe your best skating pond.
c. Describe the character of your trees and foliage during,
or just after, a snow storm.
d. Describe the sheds and fences as to color and shape dur-
ing a snow storm, and tell what change comes in color when the
sun shines brightly upon them. What is the color of the snow
in sunshine ; what color are its shadows ? Describe the effect of
the scene under a passing cloud.
e. Which is lighter, the sky or the snow blanket during
sunshine ?
f. During shadow from overhanging clouds?
g. What are the lightest and darkest notes of color, in the
snow scene, during sunlight?
h. Describe a January thaw.
i. Describe the melting and freezing time, with its icicles.
etc.
TWILIGHT STUDY.
a. What change of color is made in the sky from the mo-
ment the sun is lost from view until the stars appear ? The nature
of the sky and the clouds seems to be to reflect the glory of the
approaching or of the sinking sun. Twilight is like a memory of
things we love most. Do you like the twilight?
GUIDE LESSONS. 555
b. Why not leave the rich, who perhaps do not work so
hard as yourselves, to enjoy this most beautiful time of day?
Madam \\'ealthy cannot take from this life five cents of her
money ; but one must take one's own soul into the eternities.
Should we let that soul wither through neglect or dis-use of
divine powers? What can you do to enrich and srengthen your
observation? (Do the evening work early, and take time to en-
joy every moment of the twilight.)
ARCHITECTURE.
Devotees and their Shrines, 120-131.
1. Preface.
2. Architecture in England.
3. Architecture before the Renaissance.
Who is George AI. Allen, author of History of Architecture.
in Devotees and their Shrines?
Answer: Son of Prof. David R. and Leila Merrill Allen,
and the eldest living great grandchild of the late President Geo. A.
Smith. He was a favorite great grandchild of the late President
Bathsheba W. Smith, who named him. He graduated with
honors at the University of Utah and took the degree of Master
of Architecture at Columbia University, New York. He is in-
tensely artistic, and has been greatly interested with his parents
in artistic gardening. He is teaching classes in architecture, in
Columbia, and is engaged in large architectural enterprises in
New York City and in New Jersey. He inherits intellectual and
artistic qualities from both parents, and physically is a type of
the Prophet Joseph amplified, standing six feet four inches in
his stockinged feet. He repsonded enthusiastically to the invita-
tion to write a simple story of the development and utility of
art in English and American architecture, and worked far into
the night for weeks between hours of teaching and study at Co-
lumbia, to get his papers ready for illustration. The cuts were
made in New York. The cuts for the art and gardening were
made in Salt Lake City.
Pages 120-124, by George j\L Allen, "Architecture."
(a) What is the difference between building and architec-
ture? (b) The way and manner in which the architectural ideas
of any time and people are expressed depend, on what three
things? (c) What was the acrhitecutre in England before the
Renaissance? (d) What influence was brought by Norman
ecclesiastics? Fig 1 Interior of Norwich, (e) What can you
say of the ceiling vaults of stone? (f) What did this lead to.
(g) What Gothic churches have you visited in Europe? De-
scribe Westminster. Fig. 2.
556 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
Lesson IV.
Home Economics.
THE MODERN HOME.
January 25.
The man, the woman and the child have formed the basis
of society since the dawn of time. The mother and the child must
have shelter from the storms, food for the body, and protection
from outside dangers. The father must provide these. This is
the fundamental reason for organizd life. The human child is the
most helpless creature alive ; the mother of the human species Is
the least able to cope with physical danger, and requires most care
from the male. In savage conditions, both in modern and in ancient
times, the food was, and is, of the coarsest, and the shelter of the
rudest nature. In the patriarchal days, tents and portable houses
served for the home. In ancient times, as well as today, city life
multiplies luxuries and complicates home living. The Hebrews
have ever kept their home altars bright ; but the Pagans
have ever made the individual — not the family — the unit of social
and political life. In the dark ages, the convent controlled all
social, political, and domestic life, thus making celibacy the ideal
human condition. With the Renaissance — or the awakening —
which followed the religious Reformation of Luther and Knox, the
sounder and more righteous home ideal of ancient Israel began to
emerge from the superstitions of the Dark Ages. The reformers
themselves married and taught the value and importance of home
life to the people. As the home developed in importance, the
common people emerged into freedom and independence.
The family of today is founded on the ancient relation of the
man, the woman and the child. In ideal conditions, man's relative
importance is gauged by his sincerity and activity in his family
relations. The woman is considered in her relation to her child
rather than in her independent condition as individual in society.
The ideals of the family should be based on the fundamental
virtues of truth, sobriety, chastity, and loyalty. The test of ef-
ficiency in the home, in society, in governmental, political, and re-
ligious life should be the true measure of the whole manhood and
the whole womanhood.
The Twentieth Century Home. The home of today is.
much modified, especially in urban or city conditions. While all
civilized nations court the ideal of home standardization, yet few
really cling to the fundamentals which are indispensable to true
GUIDE LESSONS. 557
home-life. The changing- conditions of man and woman in the
last and present centuries, promises serious disasters, unless in-
spired rule of conduct hold the level of home ideals. Man has
tacitly admitted that a double standard of virtue is a necessity for
him, while w'oman has reached such a dizzy altitude in social
activity that both these forces threaten the physical and spiritual
integrity of the home.
Social Conditions. The domestic virtues unconsciously
practiced so long by Christian parents have all been brought out
from their discreet hiding places, ticketed, labeled, and weighed
in the balance. After all the modern rigid examination and discus-
sion it has been decided by all concerned that the Bible is still, and
after all, the vital domestic text-book. False ideals, uneven moral
standards, the undue elevation of either man, woman, or the child
becomes dangerous to society and the home, so that if we are to
have an ideal home each falls naturally into the places God or-
dained for each to fill. And this permits us to approach our
study of The Home from a true social angle.
Political Changes. Man everywhere, in America, Europe,
and even in Pagan Asia, is coming to a fuller understanding of his
personal relations to government and his consequent personal re-
sponsibility to the state. It is only since the United States of
America was declared independent, that man has actually achieved
individual independence. For even today, it is only the privileged
classes in so-called free England that may hold the highest offices
in the state's gift. The present war will no doubt make great
changes in political matters all over Europe. In the United States,
woman, always a little behind her men-folk, is demanding and
receiving full political equality. With political power, — the power
to vote. — goes political responsibility. The family should think
carefully, discuss freely and vote wisely.
Property rights of both men and women have taken almost
unsafe jumps from the conservative standards of long ago. The
legislation of the present time is very liberal to women and chil-
dren, so liberal that other evils may arise which wdll oflfset the good
done unless controlled and directed by wise and honest office-
holders.
Industrial Changes have been so startling that it is impos-
sible to foresee the end. Alachinery has changed all domestic and
agricultural labor, and has entered the school, the business office,
and has even invaded the realms of music, painting and sculpture.
The industries, trades and professions are all dominated by con-
stantly improving mechanical inventions, so that men and women
must constantly adapt themselves to these changing conditions.
The advantages of this industrial improvement are enormous.
Time is given to man, through the machinery invetned ; but man
558 RELIEF SOCIETY MAGAZINE.
and woman turn around and use the time thus gained, not so much
to serve and bless each other as to increase their own selfish pleas-
ures, while they multiply the sum of their own luxuries. All society
cries out for more machinery, more money, more time, more lux-
ury, more personal pleasure. Only one force— that of righteous-
ness—will avail to adjust differences and to permit equality of
right— the Gospel of Jesus Christ is the only solution to all human
difBculties and disagreements.
QUESTIONS ON LESSON I.
1. What is the meaning of renaissance? (See dictionary.)
a. Tell something of its effects on literature, science, ex-
i:)loration, and the attitude of men's minds toward life.
b. What great men stand out as instruments in bringing
about this "new birth" of common intelligence and in-
dependent thinking.
2. Did this "new birth" have any effect on men and women in the
home and what was it?
a. What was man and woman's condition educationally
and politically before and after the Renaissance ?
3. Tell all you can about the art of printing and its effect on hu-
manity.
4. Where were the common industries of life performed before
the renaissance and what part did woman take in them ?
5. What effect did the changes in the performance of the in-
dustries have on humanity?
6. Of what does the present day family consist?
a. What part does each take in the world's work?
b. Is the work interchangeable and why?
7. What is the ideal of the average family today?
a. Is it worthy? Should it be changed and why? How
may it be changed?
8. What do you consider an efficient family ?
a. Define the word efficient.
b. How may it be applied to family life.
9. What was the condition of man and woman prior to the nine-
teenth century in social life? political life? educational life?
religious life?
a. Do you think the homes of the past generation superior
or inferior to those of the present day? And why?
Could vou suggest how a change could be made?
10. Name all the industries you can think of that were once per-
formed in the home, but are now done by machinery.
11. What force will purify society and create a perfect home?
Charity Never Fatleth
The
Relief Society Magazine
Organ of the Relief Society of the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
VOLUME II
"May the Relief Society Magazine enter upon its noble mission
so firmly surrounded by the bulwarks of worthy and capable en-
deavor and enduring truth that its career may be successful and
glorious."— 7o/^/)A F. Smith.
Published by the General Board of the Relief Society
Room 29 Bishop's 'Building, Salt Lake City, Utah
Mrs. Susa Young Gates, Editor
Mrs. Janette A. Hyde, Manager
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman, Assistant Manager
1915
THE GENERAL BOARD
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells President
Mrs. Clarissa S. Williams First Counselor
Mrs. Julina L. Smith Second Counselor
Mrs. Amy Brown Lyman General Secretary
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Corresponding Secretary
Mrs. Emma A. Empey Treasurer
Mrs. Sarah Jenne Cannon
Dr. Romania B. Penrose
Mrs. Emily S. Richards
Mrs. Julia M. P. Farnsworth
Mrs. Phoebe Y. Beatie
Mrs. Ida S. Dusenberry
Mrs. Carrie S. Thomas
Mrs. Alice Merrill Horne
Mrs. Priscilla P. Jennings
Mrs. Elizabeth S. Wilcox
Mrs. Rebecca Niebaur Nibley
Mrs. Elizabeth C. McCune
Miss Edna May Davis
Miss Sarah McLelland
Mrs. Elizabeth C. Crismon
Mrs. Janette A. Hyde
Miss Sarah Eddington
Mrs. Lizzie Thomas Edward, Music Director
Miss Edna Coray, Organist
INDEX.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Auditorium, Panama-Pacific
Exposition 257, 259
Beautiful Flower Gardens at
Cosy Home on South State. 166
Beautiful Flower Garden 169
Carter, Lucy Mack Smith.... 271
Chamberlain, Prof. John and
his Choir of Girls 436
Corner of the Hotel Utah Din-
ing Room 479
Edward, Lizzie Thomas 432
Father Smith's Home, Nauvoo 96
Fifteenth Ward Relief Society 113
Group of Men and Boys Clean-
ing and Beautifying Grounds 196
Harvest Field — John Hafen... 53
Harvest Field— Edwin Evans. . 60
Harvest Scene— J. B. Fairbanks 57
Inside Inn, at the Exposition. 258
Joseph Interpreting the But-
ler's and Baker's Dreams... 524
Judith 523
Kitchen of the Hotel Utah 479
Madonna and Child, The 520
235, 279, 329, 365, 409, 454, 493, 537
Mansion House, Nauvoo 94
Masonic Lodge, Nauvoo 90
Medal Presented to the Relief
Society ^9o
Model Home 476
Model Home Kitchen 481
Model Relief Society Hall 300
Nurse School of 1911 318
Officials of the Genealogical
Society of Utah 388
Plan of Relief Society Hall
No. 1 313
Pioneer Midwives 349
Portrait, Relief Society Presi-
dency 5
Portrait Relief Society General
Board 6,7,8,9,10,11 12
Portrait, Elizabeth Ann Whit-
ney, Eliza R. Snow and Em-
meline B. Wells 46
Relief Society Hall, 5th Ward,
Provo 125
Relief Society Hall, Parowan. 131
Representative Women Physi-
cians 343
Reverse Side of Medal Pre-
sented to Relief Society 396
Richards, Jane S
Smith, Sarah Ellen Richards..
Section of Roof Garden Res-
taurant
Shurtlifif, Emily M •
Smith, Alice Fredericka.
Smith, Joseph the Prophet
Smith, President Joseph F
Utah Building, Panama-Pacific
Exposition
Weber Stake Relief Society..
Young, Zina D
219
210
480
224
277
2
3
256
221
344
MISCELLANEOUS PROSE.
April Conference 260
Beautifying the Homes of Re-
lief Society Women 16/
Christmas Time, The 521
Circular of the Relief Society. . Ill
Clothing 269, 320, 360
Clothing for Women Past
Forty 22, 69, 180, 228, 429
Conversion of Brother Old-
timer 357
Crocheron, Augusta Joyce. 301
Current Topics ....35, IZ, 150, 182
240, 285, 322, 371, 419, 462, 502, 541
Dressmaking at Home 105
Early Development of Textil*^
Art ... 189, 266, 198, 242
EditoriaV: 37,79, 159 198
242, 290, 336, 375. 420, 464, 512, 545
Genealogy.... 23,' 67, 154, 239, 287
Genealogical Convention at the
Fair
257
Genesis of the Relief Society 101
Give Us this Day Our Daily
Bread • • " xoi
Good Health HO, 327
Grain Saving in the Relief So-
ciety ^\
Greetings and Sentiments J
Guide Lessons.... 39, 81 160 2(y
246, 293, 338, Zll , 423, 466, 514, 548
Health Department 274
Her Vacation 304
History of the Weber Stake
Relief Society 217
His Wife's Talents 447,486
Home Department 312. 364
Home Gardening for Women ^^^
IV
IN DUX.
In the Kitchen Laboratory
231, 272, 325, 362, 407, 451, 509, 544
International Genealogical
Congress at the Panama-Pa-
cific Exposition 389
Kitchen Kinks 107
Loving Tribnte to Sarah Ellen
Richards Smith 215
Music — Spring 208
Music in the Church and in the
Relief Society 433
Music 472
"Mormon" Women Physicians 351
Notes from the Field 25, 76. 156,
195, 224, 276, 2,72, 417, 453, 504
Nursing in the Relief Society.. 316
"Peace on Earth Good Will
to Men" 13
Place of Music in Ward and
Stake Relief Society 443
Prince of Ur, A. . . .27, 71, 142. 184.
235, 279, 329, 365, 409, 454, 493. 537
Relief Society The. . . .-. 20
Relief Society, General Confer-
ence of the 526
Relief Society Woman and
Her Home 447
Report of the Nauvoo Relief
Society 100
Safe and Sane Christmas, A... 534
Selfishness of Jacob and
Rachel 403
Smith Sarah Ellen Richards.. 211
Song of Wheat. . . ._ 87
Thanksgiving Day. in a Hos-
pital ' 483
The Mission of Saving Grain 47
Textile Arts 102, 232
Wheat Values 65
"Word of Wisdom" 193, 490
Ye Ancient and Honorabl e
Order of Midwifery 345
POETRY.
Congratulations on the Birth
of Our Baby Magazine 89
From Beyond the Gates 367
Genesis of the Relief Society.. 101
If it Could Be 374
Life's Purpose 197
Modern Thanksgiving. A 482
Mother Love 255
Ode to the Tabernacle Organ 326
Pore Old Dad 299
Qualyfide to Vote 519
Thanksgiving 175
"The Bridegroom Cometh" . . . 309
The Children's Bed 475
The Crown that I Would Wear 518
To My Son 363
To My Sister With Love 9
Verse from Rudyard Kipling.. 188
What We Are Doing 1
We Love our Work 431
INDEX TO AUTHORS.
Anderson, Edward H 34
.\nderson, James H... 35, "72, 150,
182. 240, 285, 322, 419, 462, 502
Anderson, Nephi 403
Arnold, Prof. A. B 65
Baggarley, Maud
101, 110. 165, 193, 255, 274, 227
Cannon, Sarah Jenne 6
Carroll Elsie Chamberlain 447, 486
Cooley, Martha Burton 209
Crismon, Elizabeth Caine.... 11
Davis, Edna May 11
Discord, Jakie 107
Dunford, Hazel Love
231, 325, 362, 407, 451, 509
Empey, Emma A 6
Eddington, Sarah 12
Farnsworth. Julia P. M 8
Gates, B. Cecil 208
Gates, Susa Young 6, 87, 389
Goodwin, Betsey 89
Green, Lucy May 357, 443
Homespun 27, 71, 142, 184
235, 279, 329, 365, 409, 454, 493
Home, Alice Merrill 59, 9
Hyde, Janette A.... 12, 24, 257, 364
Jennings, Priscilla P 10
Jensen, Marie 179
Kleinman, Bertha A 374
Lyman. Amy Brown
6, 260, 417, 453, 504
McCune, Elizabeth C 11
McLelland, Sarah 11
Nibley, Rebecca Neibaur 10
Pearson, Sarah E. H 45
Peay, Ida Stewart 483
Penrose, Dr. Romania 7
Richards, Emily b 7
Smith. Joseph F 3, 13, 211
Smith, Julina L 4, 215
Smith, Patriarch Hyrum 490
Snow, Eliza R 100
Thomas, Carrie S 9
Two Sarahs 22,
69, 105, 180, 228, 269, 360, 429
Valentine, Sophy 304
Wells. Prest, Emmeline B. 47, 301
Widtsoe. Rose H. I02, 189, 232, 266
Wilcox Elizabeth S 10
HOME SCIENCE LESSON.
Leavened Bread. — The raising of bread by leaven — as was
the ancient custom — was neither convenient nor sanitary. Leaven
is a fermented substance ; it was the custom to save a piece of
raised dough from baking to baking, moulding this dough into
the flour and water to act as yeast. If the dough was kept in a
warm place or a little too long, it turned acid, and the cook must
use salaratus to sweeten the new dough. The black and rye
breads of Europe are even now raised in this way, and are per-
mitted to be a little sour.
Let the class supervisor bring some leaven and the materials
to make it into a loaf of bread, giving instructions as she works.
Salt Risen Bbead. Have a cup of "salt risings" and explain
the method of makinsf bread in this manner.
FLANK steak WITH VEGETABLES.
Flank steak is cut from the loose ends of rib steak. Have the
butcher score the steak, or beat it well with his hammer. Dredge
with flour and fry brown on both sides in fry pan ; then lay in a
baking pan that can be closely covered. Over it, place a thick
layer of thinly sliced raw potatoes, then a very thin layer of onions ;
over this pour 2 cups of stewed tomatoes, cover and cook in oven
2y2 or 3 hours slowly. Remove cover ; if necessary, add more
water. Put on a platter and cut through, in serving, as a loaf.
Note. — Our new Genealogical Lessons are now ready. Price
15 cents without Salvation Universal ; 20 cents with this pamphlet
included. Can be had at this office or at the Genealogical Society
headquarters, Historian's Office, Salt Lake City.
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