Full text of "Reminiscences of a city church : including an account of the missionary services in the Church of S. Lawrence and S. Mary Magdalen, September 1867"

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L I B RAFIY

OF THE

U N IVLRSITY

or ILLINOIS

m^'^"

f?«f-|j'^N.

THE PARISHIONERS

S. LAWEENCE and S. MAEY MAGDALEN
^^m ^txmoM are Jebicat^tr

THE VICAR.

REMINISCENCES

A CITY CHUECH

INCLUDING AN ACCOUNT OF

THE MISSIONAEY SEEVICES

CHUECH OF S. LAWEENCE and S. MAEY MAGDALEN,

September 1867.

BY THE

EEV. BENJAMIN MOEGAN COWIE, B.D.

VICAR:

■ LATE FELLOW OF S. JOHN'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE :
HON. CHAPLAIN IN ORDINARY TO THE QUEEN.

LONDON:

DALTON & LUCY, BOOKSELLERS TO THE QUEEN

AND TO H. R. H. THE PRINCE OF WALES,

28 COCKSPUR STREET, CHARING CROSS.
1867.

^'^^' The first two Sermous were published at the request of the
Vestry. The two latter, and an account of the Services held in
September 1867, are added, from the interest and attention which
they excited.

1. ox DON

PKINTKD rjY S POTTISWOO UR AST) CO.

NKW-STREKT SQCMIK

A S E K M O N

PKEACHED IN THE CHUECH OF

THE UNITED PAEISHES OF S. LAWEENCE JEWEY AND
S. MAEY MAGDALEN, MILK STEEET,

ASCENSION DAY, MAY 10, 186G,

BEFOKE THE PUBLIC DEDICATION OF A FOUNTAIN ERECTED ON THE NORTH SIDE
OF THE CHURCH

|ls u "BtiMml

BENEFACTOES TO THE PAEISHES.

Ephesians iv. 8.

Whe7i He ascended up on high ^ He led captivity captive^ and
gave gifts unto men.

The event which the Church of God commemorates this
day is the Ascension of our Lord into heaven. Its most
obvious lesson to us is that we, through union and sym-
pathy with Him, should have our hearts and desires fixed
on that place, and on those joys which our Divine
Redeemer now blesses with His presence. Christ our
head, our master, our elder brother, has passed into
the heavens, there to remain till He comes to judge the
quick and dead. As His members, we also share the
bright condition of His glorified humanity, noiu in faith
and hope ; hereafter we shall' be with Him in reality, and
shall behold His glory. Such contemplation of our
Lord's condition, of our calling, and of the blessings
which await the faithful who persevere, ought to cheer
us under difficulties, invigorate us when we feel faint and
weary in our pilgrimage, and prompt us to renewed
exertions in well-doing, that we may so serve the Lord
Jesus here, that we may dwell with Him for ever here-
after.

The text leads us to consider the consequences of
Christ's ascension. He received gifts for men ; He went
up to His throne in heaven, that from it He might dis-
pense bounties and many excellent gifts upon the sons of
men, whom he had now ransomed from the power of the

B 2

Evil One, that He might adorn the nature which He had
regenerated with the fruits of righteousness, by the opera-
tion of the Holy Ghost sent down from Heaven.

The great gift which He bestows is the gift of the
Spirit, following immediately upon his glorification.
^ mierefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and
having received of the Father the promise of the Holy
Ghost, He hath shed forth this which ye noio see and hear^
said S. Peter, when he appealed to the multitude assem-
bled on the Day of Pentecost following our Lord's
ascension.

This gift of the Spirit He compares to living water —

' He that believeth on me, as the Scripture hath said, out
of his belly shall flow rivers of living water. But this He
spake of the Spirit, which they that believe on Him should
receive.^ Adopting the imagery of Isaiah, ^ For I ivill
pour water upon him that is thirsty, and floods upon the
dry ground: I icill pour My Spirit upon thy seed, and
My blessing upon thine offspring.''

Water is the emblem of God's Spirit, because of its
cleansing and purifying qaalities, and because it is the
natural means given by God for allaying thirst. The
Spirit of God sanctifies and cleanses us, and also gratifies
to the full all our desires for heavenly and better things.
"When we find that this world cannot make us happy, and
we sigh for what is better, seeking another country — i.e.
an heavenly — it is by the secret inspiration and comfort
of God's Spirit that we are made contented, that we
cherish bright hopes, that we look forAvard while we duti-
fully await the Lord's good pleasure concerning us.

The other gifts which the Lord procured for His
people are the results of this grace shed abroad in the
hearts of pious and faithful men, and foremost is ' Love
of the Brethren.' God's gift to mankind in the reo;ene-

rate state shows itself chiefly by this note — Love. ' By
this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have
love one to another.^ Now tliis love of the brethren is not
a sentiment only, but an active principle, which must
therefore show itself by practical fruits.

After commemorating, as we have done, the great
event of the Ascension, we turn now to the special pro-
ceedings of this day. I have taken a text, where our
Lord is spoken of as having after His ascension procured
gifts, benefits, and blessings for His Church, because we
are this day specially called together to commemorate
the names and good deeds of many persons who have
gone before us ; and it is well to recollect that all these
things have one source — the love of God shed abroad in
our hearts — the Divine Spirit which Christ ascended into
heaven to procure for us.

It is He only who can incline our hearts to hear and
receive and profit by His holy word. It is He only who
sways our affections, and makes us pious, charitable, kind,
and considerate. It is He only who teaches us to live
unto Christ and not to ourselves, and who now would
move us all to greater self-devotion by recalling to us the
effects of the Spirit in former days, when persons influ-
enced by the true Christian motive of promoting the wel-
fare of their contemporaries or successors have left so
many noble gifts to this parish. The list of our principal
benefactors extends through nearly five centuries.

Thomas de Kelleseye and his father were both founders
of endowments in the old Church of S. Mary Magdalen,
Milk Street, which stood on the site now occupied by the
City of London School, and was not rebuilt after the
Great Fire. Those which we now enjoy are thus described:
'All his lands and tenements in Milk Street.' They
were left to the rector and churchwardens for the time

beings for a chaplain ^ to celebrate in the said church for
the souls of his father and himself,' and to pay the residue
of the profits of the same lands and tenements to the use
of the Church of S. Mary Magdalen, and for the susten-
tation and reparation of the said tenements, for ever.

This bequest, in the present state of the value of pro-
perty, is of the utmost importance to the parish. The
parliamentary amalgamation of the parishes of S. Law-
rence and S. Mary has enabled the two parishes to enjoy
the benefits of this gift ; and as hereby the fabric of the
church can be maintained and adorned from time to tune
without calling upon the parishioners for any pecuniary
contributions — a call which in many cases has produced
heartburnings and animosity when enforced upon Non-
conformists— we cannot but recognise in this bequest
a gift of God, for promoting peace and harmony. Any
endowment which provides for duties which irritate, and
breed ill-will, when they must be performed in unendowed
parishes, is clearly a token of God's favour, and may be
reckoned as among those ' gifts ' which we enjoy by the
influence of Christian principles on the hearts of our
predecessors.

An acknowledgment of our obligations to this worthy
old citizen has been lately made out of the accumulated
funds of that estate. You see now, in the east end of
the church, two windows filled with stained glass 'in
memory of Thomas de Kelleseye.' It is more than four
hundred and fifty years since he departed this life, and
during all this time we find no attempt to do him honour.
Does not the fact that God has moved our hearts to make
this tardy acknowledgment of His pious servant who had
such thought for the spiritual interests of others, prove to
us the truth of the saying that ' the righteous shall be in
everlasting remembrance ' (Ps. cxii. 6).

^ He hath dispersed, he hath given to the poor ; his
righteousness endureth for ever : his horn shall be exalted
mth honour' (Ps. cxii. 9); or, as it is versified in our
version of the Psalms —

The sweet remembrance of the Just
Shall flourish when he sleeps in dust.

The next benefactor whose good deeds I shall recall to
your memories this day is Lady Campden.

This lady was the widow of Sir Baptist Hickes, Knight
and Baronet, first Viscount Campden. He- was an inha-
bitant of the parish of S. Lawrence Jewry, born in 1551,
and a successor of his father as an opulent silk-mercer.
Extensive dealings with the court of King James I.,
which his wealth enabled him to carry on without re-
quiring immediate payment, eventually brought him a
great estate. He built at his own charge, for the use of
the magistrates, a sessions house — called, after him,
Hickes' Hall — which lasted till the present Sessions
House was built. He died in his house in the parish of
S. Lawrence Jewry, October 18, 1629. He in his life-
time disposed to charitable uses more than ^10,000, and
left many benefactions to the poor, to his Company, and
to different parishes. His widow, Elizabeth, who died
some time in 1643, endowed two lectures — one in the
parish of S. Mary and one in the parish of S. Lawrence —
which are both continued on Tuesday and Wednesday
evenings in this church.

About the same time, or somewhat before, Mrs.
Margaret Astill, long resident in the parish of S. Law-
rence, gave an estate in Lincolnshire to the parish, first
to found a lecture, which is still maintained on Friday
evenings, and the residue, after some small donations, to
the churchwardens and overseers, for the public and
necessary benefit and behoof of the parish of S. Law-

rence. She left, besides, gifts to Christ's Hospital and
the Hospital of S. Bartholomew.

Mrs. Elizabeth Smith, who died in 1694, was the widow
of Thomas Smith, an inhabitant of the parish of S. Mary-
Magdalen, she herself being the daughter of William
Swayne, who was a resident of the parish of S. Lawrence.
Her husband was one of the original trustees named in
the will of the Dowager Viscountess Campden. This
pious woman left an endowment for a school for children
in the parishes of S. Lawrence and S. Mary Magdalen,
which is not now maintained ; but the estate furnishes at
present the means of providing a superior education for
fifteen boys, sons of inhabitants of these united parishes,
under a scheme settled by the Court of Chancery.

Mrs. Sarah Scott was a benefactress to this church ; and
among the names of others which you may read upon
the monument newly erected outside the church, you will
see many honourable names of persons who rose to station
in the country by their own industry, or connection with
some of those merchant princes for whom this City and
Corporation were famous in times of old. One name I
must single out from the rest as peculiarly interesting to
myself. Dame Isabel Gresham left a charge of a small
annual pension for the poor of S. Lawrence, on some
property in Milk Street, held by the Mercers' Company,
who are also trustees for many of the smaller benefactions
left to this parish.

This lady was stepmother of the celebrated Sir Thomas
Gresham — the second wife of his father. Sir Richard
Gresham, who lived in Milk Street, was Lord Mayor in
1537-38, and who was buried in the Church of S.
Lawrence. Through a curious sequence of events, the
College founded by Sir Thomas Gresham, having been at
one time almost lost, has received a new existence in a

building partly in this parish and partly in the parish of
S. Michael Bassishaw ; and when we perambulate the
boundaries of the parish this day we shall pass through
the building. Having enjoyed for some years one of the
endowments in that College, I think it right to make an
acknowledo^ment of obligations to the s^reat Sir Thomas
Gresham, when meeting with another proof of the virtues
of those who bear that honourable name in the list of
founders of charitable trusts within this parish.

I shall not, at any greater length, enter upon particu-
lars respecting these persons. The details which I have
given I owe not to my own researches, but to one whom
we shall honour as our chief lay parishioner during the
ensuing year.* But I feel a very great interest in all that
relates to these worthies.

The retrospect we have taken leads us to contrast the
present state of our parish with what it was in former
times. It seems to have had a great number of wealthy
residents who were attached to the place of their birth, and
the churches wherein they had worshipped God. They
were residents in the real sense of the word — making their
homes in these parishes. We all know how things are
changed, and that by far the greatest part of the parish is
covered with buildings which, as warehouses and offices,
are used merely as places of business ; our merchants and
warehousemen living with their families in the suburbs.

The consequence is, that the conditions to which many
of these bequests were intended to apply have ceased to
exist ; and there will be questions, perhaps, arising some
day, whether the charitable intentions of the donors are
being fully carried out. In the meantime, the funds at
the disposal of the parishioners cannot be better bestowed

^" T. Brewer, Esq., Upper Churchwarden of the United Parishes in 1866.

than in objects of public utility. We are about now to
refer to one of these.

The establishment of public Fountains attracted some
notice a few years back : and it was then proposed
that such a fountain should be erected by these parishes.
It was subsequently determined that an elegant archi-
tectural design should be secured, which should afford
an opportunity of doing for some of our other benefac-
tors that which we have done in the church in memory
of Thomas de Kelleseye; and the matured project has
resulted in the erection of the memorial on the north side
of the church. I think it a happy circumstance that the
useful part of this structure should, as an emblem, coin-
cide in idea with that of the great gift which God sent
down upon the Church after our Lord's ascension.

Christ ascended up on high, and secured gifts for men.
The great gift is God's Spirit, and it is symbolised by
the pure and living water. The water, which is a symbol
of God's Spirit, cleanses us, and, sacramentally, makes us
members of the new creation.

The other gifts, as they are the results of the action of
God's grace, inclining the wealthy and prosperous of past
days to make provision for their brethren, we have already
commemorated here. We are about, still further, to do
this by inaugurating a public monument as a testimony of
their liberality and our gratitude ; and, at the same time,
we are going to offer to the public a stream of pure water,
which our Lord himself selected as the image by which
to designate His most precious gift to mankind. I think,
and I hope I shall have your concurrence in the thought,
that we have, by God's good guidance, selected a very
suitable occasion for this ceremony.

May the memory of those who have departed this life
in God's faith and fear work upon us, teaching us to go

and do likewise. May the recalling of their good-will and
kindness remind us of our Christian duty of living to-
gether in unity. Above all, may the witness thus borne
to the truth and reality of Christianity serve to impress
more and more deeply upon all our hearts the vital truths
of religion, so that we may heartily join in these words
of the prayer of Commemoration : ^ We bless Thy Holy
Name for all thy Servants departed this life in thy faith
and fear, beseeching thee to give us grace so to follow
their good examples, that with them we may be partakers
of thy Heavenly Kingdom.'

Grant this, O Father, for Jesus Christ's sake, our only
Mediator and Advocate. Amen.

After service ended in the parish church, the Vicar and
Churchwardens and other parish officers, attended by a con-
siderable number of the parishioners, proceeded to the north
side of the church, where, in the churchyard, now levelled
and flagged over, and thrown open, the Memorial monu-
ment is situated.

It is designed in the pointed style of architecture which
prevailed in Italy during the fourteenth century. It is
9 feet square at the base and 32 feet in height. The
materials employed are Portland stone, and the best
description of Bath stone, with polished granite shafts to
the columns. On the east and west sides are statues of
S. Lawrence and S. Mary Magdalen, the patron Saints of
the two parishes ; and on the other two sides are slabs of
polished green slate, in which are engraved the following
inscriptions : —

EEECTED

the united parishes of
Saint Lawrence Jewry

AND

Saint Mary Magdalen, Milk Street,

TO COMMEMOEATK

THE PIOUSGIFTS
OP

Benefactors to these Parishes

FOR

the use OF the inhabitants

THEREOF.

MDCCCLXVI.

' The memory of the Just
is blessed.'

llcv. Benjamin Morgan Cowie, B.D., Vicar.
Mr. Samuel Gibbins, T
Mr. Thomas Brewer, > Churchwardens.
Mr. Egbert Kynaston, J

BENEFACTOES

TO THE Parishes of Saint Lawrence Jewry, and Saint Mary
Magdalen, Milk Street.

1375. Thomas de Kelleseye.

1508. David Ap Powell.

1521. Sir John Allen, Lord Mayor 1526.

1542.' William Dauntsey, Alderman.

1542. Thomas Bayley, Citizen and Innliolder.

1557. John Marsh, M.P.

1560. Dame Isabel Gresham.

1563. Sir Humphrey Baskerville.

1570. Alice Blundell (afterwards Lady Alice Avenon).

1585. Sir Lionel Dttckett, Lord Mayor 1572.

1632. Sir Edward Barkham, Lord Mayor 1621.

1639. Mrs. Margaret Astill.

1642. Elizabeth, Dowager Viscountess Campden.

1648. John Eobins, Citizen and Pewterer.

1670. Thomas Fowler, Citizen and Bricklayer.

1677. KiCHARD Wynn, Esquire.

1693. Mrs. Elizabeth Smith.

1707. EicHARD Elborough.

1750. Mrs. Sarah Scott.

1765. Mrs. Ann Saville.

On the east side, under the statue of S. Lawrence, facing
Gruildhall Yard, is a bronze basso-relievo of Moses Striking
the Eock, which forms the drinking fountain.

The works were executed by Mr. William Thomas, of
Clipstone Street, from the design of Mr. John Eobinson,
architect : the two statues and the basso-relievo are by
Mr. Joseph Durham, A.E.A., sculptor. The total cost of
the work was £665, The levelling of the churchyard and
the erection of this Memorial fountain were superintended
on behalf of the parishes by Messrs. Young and Son, the
parish surveyors.

On the arrival of the Vicar and Churchwardens at the

east side of the Fountain, the following form of prayer was
used : —

As the hart panteth after the fountains of water, so my soul panteth
after thee, 0 God.

Glory be to the Father, &c.
As it was in the beginning, ^c.

0 Almighty and Eternal God, look mercifully on the devotion of thy
people, who pant as the hart after the fountain of waters, and mercifully
grant that the thirst of their faith may sanctify their souls and bodies.
Amen.

The Lord be with you.
And with thy spirit.

Lift up your hearts.

We have lifted them up to the Lord.

Let us give thanks to the Lord our God.
It is meet and right so to do.

It is truly right and jiist, and available to salvation, to give thee thanks
always, and in all places.

0 Holy Lord, Almighty Father, Eternal God, who in the beginning sepa-
rated water from the dry land, and whose Spirit moved thereon ; Who made
water flow from the fountain of Paradise, and commanded water to replenish
the earth with four rivers ; Who changed the bitterness of water in the
desert into sweetness, and made it fit to drink ; Who produced water out of
a rock to quench the thirsty people ; Who by Jesus Christ our Lord, thy
only Son, by a wonderful miracle changed water into wine ; Who walked
on water with his feet, and was baptised in the waters of Jordan ; Who
made water flow out of his side, together with His blood, and commanded
His disciples that such as believed should be baptised in water; — Do
thou. Almighty God, mercifully assist and bless us, and as thou didst of
thy great mercy save Noah and his family in the ark from perishing by
water, and also didst safely lead the children of Israel through the Eed
Sea, and by the baptism of thy well-beloved Son Jesus Christ didst sanctify
the element of water to the mystical washing away of sin : we beseech
thee, for thine infinite mercies, that thou wilt mercifully look upon us thy
servants, and wash us, and sanctify us continually with the Holy Ghost ;
that being stedfast in faith, joyful through hope, and rooted in charity, we
may so pass the waves of this troublesome world, that finally we may
come to the Land of Everlasting Life, there to reign with thee, world with-
out end, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.

The Lord bless us and keep us ; the Lord lift up the light of His coun-
tenance upon us and give us peace, now and evermore. Amen.

This service ended, the Vicar advanced towards the
Fountain, which was then set in action, and in a silver
cup, presented to him by the Churchwardens, he tasted the
water, and the parish officers and Committee of Estates all
in turn partook of the same.

The Vicar then said —

In the name and on behalf of the united Parishes of S. Lawrence Jewry
and S. Mary Magdalen, I now declare this Fountain to be open, for the use
of the parishioners and the public in general.

And the proceedings then terminated.

BENEFACTIONS.

Parish of S. Lawrence Jewry.

Per annum.
1508. David Ap Powell, for coals for the poor (paid by the £ s. d.

Mercers' Company) 5 0 0

1542. William Dauntsey, Alderman, for a like purpose (ditto) . 2 10 0
„ Thomas Bayley, to the Vicar and Churchwardens, a Eent-
charge on houses in Coleman Street (paid by the Inn-
holders' Company, and distributed to the poor) . .280
1557. John Marsh, for coals for the poor (paid by the Mer-
cers' Company) 0 15 0

1560. Dame Isabel Gresham, for distribution to the poor (ditto) 3 0 0
1563. Sir Humphrey Baskerville, for coals for the poor (ditto) 2 10 0
1570. Alice Blundell, for bread to the value of \Zd. to be dis-
tributed to the poor every Sunday (ditto) . . . 2 16 4
1585. Sir Lionel Duckett, Alderman, for distribution to the

poor (ditto) 2 4 8

1632. Sir Edward Barkham, Alderman, for bread to be distri-
buted to the poor every Sunday, a rent-charge on a

house in Cheapside 2 12 0

1639. Mrs. Margaret Astill gave lands in Swineshead and

Bicker, in Lincolnshire (now let for £318 175. per

annum), upon trust to apply the proceeds as follows : —

To a preacher for preaching in this Church every

Friday, and on certain other days
To the Vicar, for his consent ....

To the Clerk . .

For l5. worth of bread to poor widows every Sunday
To the Sexton, for providing and distributing the

bread 0 10 0

To Christ's Hospital, towards maintaining and edu-
cating poor female children . . . .600
To the Parish of S. Giles, Cripplegate, for the poor 5 0 0
The residue for the public and necessary benefit and
behoof of the Parish of S. Lawrence Jewry.
1642. Elizabeth, Dowager Viscountess Campden, left £600 to
purchase lands to prodiice £30 per annimi for a Week-
day Lecture in this Church.

An estate near Dartford, Kent, is held subject to
this trust. The net proceeds are, by an order of
the Court of Chancery in 1839, to be thus ap-

:0 0

2 0

1 0

2 12

Per annum,
plied : — £6 Ss. to the Churchwardens for necessary £ s. d.
expenses of the Lecture, and of the residue 26/30ths
to the Lecturer, and 4/30ths to the Vicar. Present

rental 130 0 0

1648. John Eobins, a rent-charge on a house in this parish, to

provide for four poor children being taught to read

English, and to write and cypher . . . .500

The amount is carried to the credit and applied

to the purposes of Mrs. Smith's Charity.

1 670. Thomas Fowler, a rent-charge on a house at the corner

of Church Alley, to the poor 1 *0 0

1677. Eichard Wynn, Esq., £10 to the Parish stock, on condi-
tion that to four poor people should be given yearly

25. Qd. each 0 10 0

1693. Mrs. Elizabeth Smith left two leasehold houses in Broad

Street to provide for the education of the sons of the

poorest inhabitants of this parish. [This property

was afterwards converted into a, freehold property,

was sold, and is now represented by the sum of

£11,115 4s. \0d. Three per Cent. Consols, standing in

the name of the Official Trustee of Charitable Fxmds.]

The Charity is now regulated by a scheme settled

by the Court of Chancery in 1835 and 1848. As

many Exhibitions of £20 a year each as the funds

will allow are appropriated to the united parishes in

the proportion of two for S. Lawrence and one for

S. Mary. The Exhibitioners are educated either

at King's College School, University College School,

or the City of London School, according to the

choice of their parents. The present number of

Exhibitions is 15.

Present income 340 7 4

1707. Richard Elborough left £50 on condition that the Minister
of the parish should preach a sermon in the Parish
Church on Good Friday afternoon yearly.

On receipt of the £50 in 1718, the parish cove-
nanted, until lands should be purchased with the
same, to pay 50fi. a year as interest, and thereout to
pay and apply so much for the purposes of the said
sermon as should be sufficient for the same.
The payments made are as follows : —

To the Vicar, for a sermon ....
Do. as Eeader ....

To the Clerk . , .

To the Sexton

1 1

0 5

0 2

Per annum.
.1750. Mrs. Sarah Scott left £700 Four per Cent, (since reduced £ s. d.
to Three per Cent.) Annuities, the dividends to be paid
to the Vicar to catechise and instruct in the Christian re-
ligion the children, both of rich and poor, of the united
parishes every "Wednesday and Friday during Lent,
and to preach a sermon in commemoration of the gift
on Ash -Wednesday or Good Friday . . . . 21 0 0
1765. Mrs. Anne Saville left a rent-charge on a house in Char-
terhouse Square, for the benefit of four old men or

women of this parish 5 0 0

The anmiity was paid from 1773 until 1819, but
from that time was refused to be paid, and could
not be enforced, the gift being void by the Statute
of Mortmain.
Note. — The Company of Mercers pay the dividends on
£300 ll5. lOd. Three per Cent. Annuities, represent-
ing arrears of payment of the several benefactions

receivable of them . 9 0 4

The amount is applied in aid of the gifts for
coals for the poor.

Parish of 8. Mary Magdalen, Milk Street.

1375. Thomas de Kelleseye left a freehold estate in Milk
Street to the use of the Church of the Blessed Mary

Magdalen. Present rental 420 0 0

1521. Sir John Allen, Alderman, for coals for the poor (paid by

the Mercers' Company) 0 9 0

1563. Sir Humphrey Baskerville, for a like purpose (ditto) . 15 0
1585. Sir Lionel Duckett, Alderman, for distribution to the

poor (ditto) 244

1642. Elizabeth, Dowager Viscountess Campden, left £600 to
purchase lands to produce £30 per annum for a Week-
day Lecture in the Church of S. Mary Magdalen.

An estate at Great Waltham, Essex, is held sub-
ject to this trust. The net proceeds, after payment
of insurance, are applied, by an Order of the Court
of Chancery in 1844, as follow:— £6 75. to the
Churchwardens for necessary expenses of the Lec-
ture, and of the residiie 26/30ths to the Lecturer,
and 4/30ths to the Vicar. Present rental . . 100 0 0

Property applicable to Parochial purposes.

Per annum.
City Estate:— £ s. d.

Queen Street, Cheapside 300 0 0

Church Alley 40 0 0

Huggiu Court 84 0 0

Milton Street (sold to Eailway Company, and purchase-
money invested in £7,536 45. %d. Bank Three per Cents) 226 1 8
Upper Thames Street Estate (sold under an Improvement Act,
and purchase-money invested in £1,499 Q>s. 7d. Three per

Cent. Consols) 44 19 7

Lower Thames Street Estate : at present appropriated as an

allowance to the Vicar in lieu of a vicarage house . . 200 0 0
Mrs. Astill's Lincolnshire Estate : residue after payment of
charitable trusts, but subject to expenses of collecting,
and other deductions 261 15 0

C 2

A SE EM O N

PREACHED MARCH 10, 1867,

AT THE EEOPENING OF THE PARISH CHUECH

OF THE UNITED PARISHES OF

S. LAWRENCE and S. MARY MAGDALEN

AFTER IT HAD BEEN CLOSED FOR REPAIR AND ALTERATION.

Psalm xxvi. 8.

Lordy I have loved the habitation of thy house, and the place
where thine honour dwelleth.

One of the marked features of our generation is the
alacrity which men have shown in restoring and beautify-
ing their churches. A recognition of the truth that God's
liouse should be honoured for the sake of Him to whom
it is dedicated, and because we hope that the more we
show respect in these matters, the more will grow the
feehng of reverence among those in whom it is wanting ;
these convictions have made the men of our day zealous
in this good work. Not only is this spirit shown in the
National Church, but also among Nonconformists, who, in
the manufacturing towns especially, have built their
chapels with taste, and with architectural features similar
to those of our old parish churches. The number of new
churches, the restoration of decayed fabrics, and the care
spent on adorning our cathedrals, all testify to the wide-
spread persuasion, that the habitation of God's house is
to be loved and honoured ; and this devotion of wealth to
adornment of the House of God has not led to any
neglect of more common duties. I do not think that
there ever was a time when charitable works of all kinds
were carried on so zealously. Any calamity, such as those
which have visited our city — cholera — or famine in the
eastern districts — meets with ready and abundant supply

of charitable funds. For the disasters of the "colliery, or
the wrecks and the continuous support of the feeble and
sick among us, there is forthcoming at all times this
abundant supply, when there is confidence in the manage-
ment, and in the good sense and judgment of those who
administer the contributions of their fellow-citizens.

It would, therefore, not be at all just to criticise the
expenditure upon the ornamention of our churches, as if
it were misplaced, or as if it took away what was the
heritage of the jioor. We should be inexcusable if we
forgot the claims of the poor in this church, dedicated to
S. Lawrence, who met his martyrdom for recognising in
them the chief treasures of the church.

He was archdeacon to Sextus II., Bishop of Rome,
and S. Ambrose tells us that when he saw Sextus II., his
bishop, led to martyrdom, he cried out, ^ Where do you
go, father, without your son ? ' With that, Sextus bade
him diligently look after ^ the treasures of the Church.'
The emperor then commanded that Lawrence should be
taken up. And when the guards urged him to deliver up
the treasures in his possession to the emperor, he desired
three days' time to gather them up. Then he gathered
together all the poor and sick people he could meet with,
and showing them to the guards, he said, ' These are
the treasures of the Church, upon whom whosoever lays
anything out, it is not lost, but is restored to him with
usury.'

Works of charity are the noble works of the Church,
and the poor are the treasury into which we should cast
all that we wish really to save unto life eternal.

But we have another lesson taught us by the words of
our Lord to S. Mary Magdalen, when she came to show
honour to our Lord, and brought the very precious box
of ointment and poured it on his head. He did not

sympathise at all with those who said, ' Why icas this
waste of the ointment made ? It might have been sold for
two hundred pence, and been given to the poor,''

When they murmured, the Lord said, ' Let her alone.
Why trouble ye her ? She hath wrought a good work
on me. For ye have the poor with you alway; and
whensoever ye will, ye may do them good ; but me ye
have not always. She hath done what she could ; she is
come beforehand to anoint my body to the burying.
Yerily, I say unto you, wheresoever this Gospel shall be
preached throughout the whole world, this also that she
hath done shall be spoken of for a memorial of her.' A
prophecy of our Divine Master, which we are now ful-
filling and making good.

Thus the names of the servants of God connected with
this church teach us two things — that the poor are the
first claimants on our bounty, but that they are not the
only claimants. Whatsoever is done for the honour of
God, and to make His house more glorious, is also
acceptable to Him.

I cannot tell you much of the churches which were in
these two parishes before the fire, except that the Church
of S. Mary Magdalen occupied the site where the City
of London School now stands ; that it was endowed with
a benefaction which has been the foundation of all our
works of ornamentation in this church of the united
parishes. The east windows, representing events in the
life of our Saviour, were put up some years back by the
inhabitants in memory of Thomas de Kelleseye, a bene-
factor to the Church of the Blessed Mary Magdalen.

When, after the great fire, the parishes were united,
and one parish church was erected for both, this building
in which we are now assembled was designed under the
direction of Sir Christopher Wren, and completed at a cost

of nearly 16,000/., a large sum in those days, and greater
than the cost of most of the contemporary churches.
And when it was the custom, as in the last century, for
merchants and others to reside in the City, this church
must have had a large congregation, which, probably,
occasioned the building of a gallery on the north side.

Recent changes in the mode of life of men of business,
who now find it most conducive to health and comfort to
live in the suburbs of London, have brought corresponding
change in our congregation. The number of residents is
few, and those of our parishioners who have houses in
the neighbourhood of London naturally spend their
Sundays with their families at their houses, so that we
found no need for the addition, and have now removed it,
in order to throw open to view the grand proportions of
the building. Another important alteration is securing
a central aisle, by dividing the seats for the parishioners
into two blocks to the north and south of it.

And now we come to important changes at the east
end of the church. It was always a matter to be re-
gretted that the internal arrangement of these churches,
built by Sir Christopher Wren, was so very unlike that of
the old churches of the country. A chancel in which the
parishioners resorted to Holy Communion, and a nave in
which they pray and are instructed, was a universal ar-
rangement. It has always struck me as unfortunate that
so marked a difference was made in the arrangements
with which we were here familiar. The object of the altera-
tion now accomplished is this : to raise the east end of the
church so that the Lord's table or altar may be seen by
all — that the officiating minister may perform his part in
the sight of the whole congregation — which before was
impossible. Then, as the highest act of Christian wor-
ship is the joining in Holy Communion according to

our Lord's dying command, ^ Do this in remembrance of
me,' we have thought it right that the part of the
church where this rite is celebrated should be distin-
guished by special ornament. All that is at present
visible is meant, you observe, to remind us of HiM. On
the floor of the chancel are emblems of the four evangelists
who lead us to Christ ; in the two windows, the adoration
of the Magi, and Christ sitting among the doctors in the
Temple, His triumphal entry into Jerusalem, and His
bearing the Cross. Between the windows and over the
Lord's table. His Ascension into heaven ; in the small win-
dow above, the Lord sitting in judgment ; and inscribed
round the chancel these words, ' 1 believe that Jesus
Christ is the Son of God ' (the confession of the Ethio-
pian). When the whole is completed, we shall have in
the north and south windows of the chancel memorials
of S. Lawrence and S. Mary Magdalen.*

The space between the windows admitted only of some
subject like the Ascension, where there were figures below
and above ; but I must pause on this subject, because it is
a matter which has given me great satisfaction, that the
Ascension of the Lord should be delineated above the
altar.

We are all aware that discussions prevail among us
about the Holy Eucharist, and that there are some of our
clergy who seem to be almost undistinguishable in doc-
Irine from the Roman Catholic on this subject.

Now I have always endeavoured in my teaching to keep
to the strict line which I believe our Reformed Church
has held, and intends all its ministers to teach. In the
Lord's Supper we are partakers of the Lord's body and
the Lord's blood, but only after a heavenly and spiritual

^ These are now finished — S. Lawrence (the Deacon) before the
Emperor, and S. Mary washing our Lord's feet with her tears.

manner. That it is a true participation, no one dares
doubt, but how we are made partakers is undefinable.
All we can do is to accept in faith the words of Christ
our Master, and ask no questions about the mode in
which He sends spiritual influences or makes us partakers
of that which strengthens and refreshes the soul. Of
this we are certain, that it cannot be material. The
grossness of such conceptions is abhorrent to us. We
reject them utterly. It is the materialism of the Romish
system which repels us. It degrades the holy teaching
of the Lord. In the Prayer-Book, at the end of the
Communion Service, there is a warning or note, that our
kneeling to receive the Lord's Supper is a posture of
humility and gratitude, not of adoration. The natural
body and blood of our Saviour Christ are in heaven, and
not here.

I trust that none who approach our altar will fail to
remember this when they see a memorial of the ascension
of the Lord's risen body into heaven. There can be no
material. presence when the Lord is gone bodily away,
and therefore I am grateful that so important a doctrine
should be indicated by the fact, that, as we approach the
Lord's Supper in this church, we shall have the Lord's
Ascension brought to our memories, and be thereby warned
ao^ainst carnal or material views of the Blessed Sacrament
of the Altar.

The texts inscribed on the north and south sides of the
church are taken, one from the Old Testament, and the
other from the New, and both refer to public worship.

^ O worship the Lord in the beauty of holiness ; let the
whole earth stand in awe of liim.'

^ Where two or three are gathered together in my
name, there am I in the midst of them.'

And at the west end of the church, where the organ
retains its place, we have a text referring to praise, in
which we are assisted so much by that noble instrument.

' Let every thing that hath breath praise the Lord.'

These, my friends, are the chief features of the altera-
tions made within these walls. I trust you will all agree
that they have been made with a view to edification, as
well as to adorn and beautify the building — of which
we may well be proud. It is the only public building
belonging to the parishes. It is contiguous to the Guild-
hall, the central building of our city ; and, as you know,
the Corporation is invited here every Michaelmas Day to
join in public worship before proceeding to the solemn
act of choosing a chief magistrate.

The old custom, by which the blessing of God was
always invoked on public acts, will, I hope, long con-
tinue.

There are many reasons which may endear this church
to the memories of those who are now present. Some of
you may have worshipped here for years ; others have
relatives buried beneath our feet. You may see on the
walls memorials of those who are departed whose memory
was dear to you. You may remember that here your
sympathies have been kindled, that you have found the
heart-searching word of God speaking to your soul, that
you have been put in the way of solemn and pious reflec-
tion, and that you have here heard the sound of the
Gospel bringing to you pardon and peace. There must
be many memories of such things which can be recalled
with profit, and should rouse us to gratitude and reve-
rence, making us exclaim with the Psalmist —

'Lord, I have loved the habitation of thy house, and
the place where thine honour dwelleth.^

I must here take occasion to say that I have been very
grateful that we have shown such unanimity in carrying
out these designs.

Of course there will be differences of opinion on many
points which are discussed when we meet to settle our
line of action ; and it is well that there should be friendly
discussion and explicit statement on both sides. No
doubt sometimes discussions are painful, because they are
acrimonious ; but it is a matter of congratulation to me
and to you, that we have managed all our business of
this kind with general cordiality and good feeling ; and I
wish to take this opportunity of publicly expressing my
gratitude to God and to all the parishioners for the
uniformly kind and liberal manner in which they have
personally dealt with me, and for the generous way in
which they have, on several occasions, joined with me in
works of charity.

Although the relation of pastor and flock is interrupted
very much by the circumstances which I have mentioned
at the beginning of this sermon, yet I hope that our
intercourse, limited as it is, has produced feelings of mutual
respect and goodwill, and may thus have not been without
a blessing from God.

Let me return, however, to the general subject. The
arrano-ement of the seats of the Church has been attended
with this alteration — there are no doors to the pews. It
is felt by many that the old-fashioned plan of high pews,
shut in completely, was a great hindrance to the efficiency
of churches. The poor were practically excluded. We
wish every person coming into this church to be aware
that he or she may take any unoccupied seat. At the
same time, it is convenient that regular attendants at
church should have their places secured to them, accord-
ino- to the custom by which the churchwarden allots to

any parishioner who applies for it, seats for himself and
his family.

Perhaps, it will be well, if hereafter it be found prac-
ticable, to adhere to a rule which has been found conve-
nient in other churches — that the seats on each side of the
central aisle be reserved for parishioners, and the seats in
the north and south aisles be open to strangers. I have
no doubt that our churchwardens will arrange this matter
with fairness to all who have claims, and will not forget
that our national churches are open to all : that all are
equal in the sight of God, and that we shall not assign
inferior places to the poor. This is the great tiling to
remember — the rich and the poor meet together. The Lord
is the maker of them all.

Hereafter, all worldly distinctions are to disappear.
Surely, in the House of God, which is the Gate of
Heaven, the disparities of present condition should begin
to be slighted.

And now, my friends, let me remind you of one very
important characteristic of these improvements and alter-
ations of our church. All the funds required have been
provided without calling on the parishioners. The gifts
and endowments of benefactors in past days have sup-
plied the means. Careful, just, and honest manage-
ment of their estates is due to the memory of the pious
and good people who were inclined to leave property in
trust for the benefit of the church, the parish, young
children, and the poor. You have abundance of endow-
ment for all these objects : God has blessed you with
gifts which have enabled you to fulfil many duties incum-
bent on Christian men, without any sacrifice on your
parts. >

These occasions, when we are reminded how grateful
we ought to be to God for his mercies, should be eagerly

seized by those who have to warn you. True gratitude
fills men with desire to please Him who has blessed them
in so many ways.

I am going to ask you then to acknowledge God's good-
ness to us, as a parochial body, by making a liberal col-
lection for an object connected with a part of our united
parishes.

The Cripplegate Ward Schools— of which some of the
children are present — are an old foundation, which our
predecessors established for the benefit of that ward, in-
cluding part of the parish of S. Mary Magdalen. Many
children have there been trained in habits of industry
and order ; have learned the rudiments of religion, and
been mad'e more useful members of society, and, we may
hope, better servants of Christ.

Some time ago, from want of support, they had fallen
off much in efficiency ; but latterly, chiefly through the
exertions of the treasurer, a worthy neighbour of ours,
known probably to most of you, the schools have been
revived and made efficient. There is now wanted a sum of
money to put the buildings in order ; and if you are liberal
to-day, that object may be accomplished. We all know
that it is irksome to go round the parish soliciting aid — in-
deed, it is to many a great sacrifice of time — and honour be
to those who undertake such duties. You may now, here
present, deliver those who have already done much, from
further trouble, if you will at once recognise the debt you
owe to your poorer brethren, and make a voluntary gift
for the honour of God, for love of the Saviour, for the
honour of this noble church, and in token of your approval
of our efforts to make it a place more fitted for the worship
of God.

I should like to secure your hearty gifts by this view
of the case, but I must not leave it there only, because

the special care which our Lord shewed for the lambs of
the flock must always be remembered when we speak to
our congregations of the duty of helping the poor to bring
up their children in the nurture and admonition of the
Lord.

In their tender years, impressions are easily made,
their very helplessness interests us ; we are shocked at the
way in which, when neglected, these poor little ones are
dragged up into premature manhood, accustomed to scenes
of vice and privation. With all our anxiety to establish and
maintain schools, we too often see, from the daily papers,
what a mass of unrelieved misery remains. Oh ! let these
things sink down into our hearts. Every sum judiciously
expended on our schools may be the means of rescuing
some from the vast ocean of want and wretchedness.

Let us join heartily in this good work, let this day be
remembered among us as one in which we shewed our
gratitude to God, for enabling us to do Him honour by an
abundant contribution from our own means for the little
ones of His flock.

That God may pour out upon you abundantly the
spirit of liberality, and that you may rejoice in conscious-
ness of having recognised your own duty in this matter,
and having acted as brethren towards those who have a
claim on your bounty, is the earnest prayer of your grate-
ful and affectionate Yicar.

Now to God the Father, God the Son, and God the
Holy Ghost, let us ascribe all might, majesty, power, and
dominion for ever and ever. Amen.

A S E K M O N

PEEACHED IN THE PAEISH CHUECH OF S. LAWEENCE

Sunday Mokning^ September 8, 1867,

THE VICAR.

Isaiah xlv. 22, 23.

Look unto me, and he ye saved^ all the ends of the earth : for I
am God, and there is iione else.

I have sworn hy myself; the word is gone out of my mouth in
righteousness, and shall not return : that unto me every knee
shall how, every tongue shall swear.

Among the grand ideas which are most capable of exciting
the imagination and kindling the enthusiasm of men,
there is none more powerful than that, of Universal
Empire.

When we first read of the exploits and achievements of
great warriors, ancient or modern, our youthful sympathies
are kindled and glow with vivid fire. Power, conquest,
dominion, are words which awaken our eager spirits, and
we follow with avidity, and the warmth of partizans, the
pages of the historian as they tell us of the gallant deeds
of the mighty. And when the aims of the conqueror
have been successful, and sway over human multitudes
has been attained, and we see the iron will of one man
directing the lot of many races, and bending the nations
to obedierice, there is a thrill within us of proud sympathy
with this imperial sway.

The imagination is roused by the memory of the past.
The great empires of the world pass before our mind's
eye, as gigantic phantoms, rising out of the gloom of a
dim antiquity, sweeping by in proud majesty, and fading
away in succession ; leaving us fascinated by the awful

grandeur of their proportions. We are surprised, even
now, with all our acquired knowledge — the accumulated
results of human progress — at the wonderful advances
made in days gone by, at those monuments of human
skill which the researches of archaeologists bring constantly
to our knowledge. And dim and distant though they be,
yet these mighty empires become to us astounding reali-
ties, when looking on the relics of Nineveh's greatness, or
when the ruins of Balbec glow before us on the canvas,
or we contemplate the silent massiveness of the Pyramids.
And we regret that the great kingdoms, of which these are
the traces, of whose reality they are the witnesses, of
whose power they are the imperishable monuments,
should all have passed away, and left nothing but a dumb
material to remind us by its simple existence of great
designs accomplished, great schemes completed and brought
to an end — ambitious aims pursued with indomitable
energy, compassed, satisfied, and then dwindled away.

The principle implanted in man at his first formation,
when he was bid to subdue the earth, though often it may
lead to false and sinful results, remains powerful and influ-
ential. It makes us sympathise with the hero and share
his triumphs ; we cannot at first reason justly on the per-
version of the noble principle of ambition which the his-
tory of mankind exhibits ; we are carried away with the
eager energy and audacity of the conqueror ; we are almost
ready to look without condemnation on the extravagant
vauntings of the impious King of Babylon, who said in his
heart: 'I will ascend into heaven : I will exalt my throne
above the stars of God : I will sit upon the mount of the
congregation, in the sides of the north : I will ascend
above the heights of the clouds : I will be like the Most
High J We find within us a chord that vibrates responsively
to such proud boastings ; we are ready to overlook the

impiety, for the boldness and vastness of the thought.
We can almost weep with the Grrecian warrior on finding
a bar to his further conquests. We readily enter into the
pride of the Eoman race when the conquered earth was at
their feet. The idea of empire is one which burns within
us. Now, it is not difficult for Christians to discern
the right end to which this enthusiastic emotion should
lead.

This exultation within us had its germ implanted in
man by the Almighty. Our sympathy with the idea of
dominion points to the feeling with which we ought to
regard the restored dominion of the Holy One over all the
subjects of his power, now alienated in a measure by the
prevalence of evil. That there shall be a victory of the
Grood power over the Evil, is so prevalent an expectation
that we may almost term it universal ; and the universal
obedience of all things finally to the Lord of Hosts, is to
be accomplished by God incarnate. He, through whom
human nature has been lifted out of its low estate, and in
whom its association with the Deity is to be consummated,
is to put all enemies under his feet. Christ the Deliverer
is to reign over all nations, to be universally obeyed, to
be installed as the great king over the whole earth. That
which to some of the noblest and bravest of the sons of
men seemed the great object of desire, is to be accom-
plished in Him. When the Psalmist, lost in the contem-
plation of the outpouring of God's favour upon man,
exclaims : * Thou madest him to have dominion over the
works of thy hands ; thou hast put all things in subjec-
tion under his feet,^ he prophesies of the greatness of
that Son of Man who was to be the Image of the Invisible
God — by whom and for whom all things were created,
both in the first creation and also in the regeneration ; for
it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell.

While condemning therefore (as we ought) the spirit of
an over-bold independence in man (which^ though it seems
to sparkle with flashes of his Grod-like origin, yet also tells
of the marring of the work of Grod through sin), let us at
the same time remember that in a certain sense, and one
in which we are largely interested, this bounding of our
hearts towards the thoughts of universal empire, has a sure
foundation. While we learn with calmer judgments to
correct the visionary enthusiasm with which we reverence
the world's heroes, we may turn to the contemplation of
those glorious promises with which the Word of Grod
rings, when it tells us of a new heaven and a new earth
wherein dwelleth righteousness; w^hen the Son of Man,
symbolised to us by the King of Israel, shall rule the
raging of the sea, and scatter his enemies with his mighty
arm.

' Thou spakest some time in visions unto thy saints, and
saidst : I have laid help upon one that is mighty : I have
exalted one chosen out of the people. I have found
David, my servant, with my holy oil have I anointed
him ; my rigid hand shall hold him fast, and my arm
shall strengthen him. The enemy shall not he able to do
him violence ; the son of wickedness shall not hurt him.
I ivill smite doiun his foes before his face, and plague
them that hate hhn. I will set his dominion also in the
sea, and his right hand in the floods. He shall call me.
Thou art my Father, my God, and my strong salvation ;
and I will make him, my first-born, higher than the
kings of the earthJ

We must indeed keep in mind, what in former days was
a saying only dimly apprehended, that this kingdom is
'not of this ivorUV As the creation grows old, and man's
facvdties expand, and we have a longer experience of Grod's
providence to appeal to, we see that His ways are r.ot as

our ways. His promises are to be spiritually discerned.
The grosser materialising views which mankind have held
in past ages, and whose fruit is now seen in the Eomish
corruption of the faith, will gradually give way to the
higher, more noble, more purifying intelligence of Grod's
sayings and promises. The spiritual empire of Christ
Jesus, is a dominion which is the more real for being
spiritual. It is to extend over all creation ; it is to em-
brace in its comprehensive grasp all the sons of men ; and
it is to be established in their hearts. It knows no limit
of race or region ; it should interfere with no political
combinations ; it lives, and grows, and gains its solemn,
vigorous sway in the conscience and the intellect of man ;
though not exclusively, it thrives most under those outward
circumstances which promote the freedom, the mental de-
velopment, and the civil progress of mankind ; but under
all circumstances it must make way. ' The stone became
a great mountain, and filled the whole earth. The king-
dom tvhich the God of heaven has set up shall never he
destroyed : it shall stand for ever.'' Its subjects are knit
together by invisible but real spiritual bonds. Its spread
and its growth are preparing a power which ultimately
shall smite the hearts of nations, and will reduce all their
pomp and glory to its real value. There shall be a time
when the great Voice in heaven shall proclaim : ' The
kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our
Lord and of his Christ ; and he shall reign for ever and
ever^ ' Out of his mouth goeth a sharp siuord, that with
it he should smite the nations. He hath on his vesture
and on his thigh a name written, King of Kings and
Lord of Lords.'' His triumph is ushered in, in the pro-
phetic books, with the most glorious song of exultation,
from ^ the voice of a great multitude, as the voice of
many waters, and the voice of many thunderings.^

' Hallelujah ; for the Lord God omnipotent reigneth.^
God cheered the hearts of his people in old times by re-
vealing to them this final dominion of righteousness ; the
coming of a day when the knowledge of the Lord should
overspread the face of the earth, as the waters cover the
sea. ' / have sworn hy myself, the word is gone out of
my mouth in righteousness^ and shall not return: That
unto me every knee shall bow ; every tongue shall swear,''

Now, I said that the natural longing of man for the pre-
valence of a universal empire, should herein be satisfied ;
for remember, that in this great kingdom human nature is
exalted. The apostle and high-priest of our profession,
Hooh not hold of angels, hut the seed of Abraham, he took,''
that in Him might be verified the saying of Grod : ' In thy
seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed,^ Man
originally was created in the image of Grod, and since his
fall from that high estate, God hath prepared better things
for us in our own nature, that now unto the principalities and
powers in heavenly places might be known by the Church
the glorified body of Christ, the manifold wisdom of God,
according to the eternal purpose which he purposed in
Christ Jesus our Lord, the Head of the Church.

In Christ there is to be a restitution of all things. A
sovereignty is to be established over men's hearts, of which
the actual sovereignty of God over the material creation is
the type and the earnest. This is Christ's kingdom ; that
of which we are now subjects ; and to its progress and
advancement we are all pledged and devoted. We are
soldiers of the Cross. Our warfare in the flesh is against
His enemies ; we are called upon by our allegiance to
strive manfully in every way for His progress. The weapons
of our warfare are not carnal ; but while human they are
mighty, through God, to the overthrow of the powers of
darkness. Through much tribulation, by energy, by de-

votedness, by self-sacrifice, by thorough giving of ourselves
to Him, we are to labour to promote his kingdom by the
subjugation of the carnal to the spiritual. Universal
empire is promised. The whole world is to be won. A
mighty victory is to be achieved ; and we, the soldiers of
the Conqueror, w^e are joined with him now in the strife,
and hereafter we are to be united with Him in glory, when
the warfare is over and the battle won, and the opposing
power is swept away, and all things are put under the
Saviour's feet.

Surely, brethren, such a prospect is one of surpassing
magnificence. What was the glorious pageant of the
triumph — the recital of which sends a thrill through
every generous heart — when the armed warriors marched
up to the Capitol amid the shouts of the thronging multi-
tude of Eoman citizens, to the coming in of the hosts of
the Lord, when the ransomed of the Lord shall return,
and come to Sion with songs and everlasting joy upon
their heads, and they shall obtain joy and gladness, and
sorrow and sighing shall flee away : when the mountains
and hills shall break forth into singing, and when men
shall see ' the glory of the Lord, and the excellency of our
GodV

Is there not here enough to satisfy to the full all the
cravings of man for power and greatness and universal
dominion ? And ought not some of that fervour and en-
thusiasm which we see displayed for earthly triumphs to
be visible in those who, with such transcendent promises,
with such large hopes, such vast anticipations, now look
for the establishment of the Empire of Christ, and strive
for its success ?

Now what is to follow from all this ? Surely that we
should publish this Grospel of the kingdom to all nations.
Wherever there is a soul to be saved, either here or

elsewhere, there is an opportunity for each one of ns to
be doing his Master's work, to be extending the sway of
that great kingdom of which we are the vassals ; and it is
to be done by the proclamation of the Gospel, by the
preaching of the Word of God.

Let none despise the means, and think them inadequate
to the great and ambitious ends of which we have spoken.
How is it that the glorious gospel of the kingdom has
made its present advances ? How is it that civilisation,
resting upon Christianity, has now been spread through
great part of the earth ? * It pleased God by the fool-
ishness of preaching to save them that believe.' The
gospel of Christ, which we take as our means for subduing
the world to the new Kingdom of God, is the proclama-
tion of ' The Power of God,' and ' The Wisdom of God.'

And are not the Power and the Wisdom of God means
powerful and wise enough for the subjugation of mankind ?
What I have in view in this exhortation is to stir up in
you an enthusiastic desire for the growth of Christ's king-
dom, by appealing to a feeling which grows within all
breasts, and pointing out a success to evangelising efforts
far greater than any which worldly conquest or endeavour
could ensure us. Wherever and whenever there are sub-
jects to be won to Christ, there must we Christian brethren
be found labouring, striving, and providing with all our
means, that none shall perish ; that more and more shall
be continually brought into the fold, and absorbed in the
ever-growing, ever-increasing army of the faithful. But
there is this difference between exertions at home and
abroad — that here the machinery of Christ's Church is
already organised ; the door is open, and there is wanting
only vigour, energy, and life to make all men press into
the kingdom of God. But in distant lands many of our
own race, of our own family and tongue, perhaps our near

kinsmen are without this constant proclamation of the
nearness and readiness of God to receive penitent sinners,
without the bread of life; and to provide for them the
blessings of the Apostolical Church, is an object worthy
both of the Christian and the citizen of a great empire.
In both capacities, we are bound to send the gospel into
the dry places of the earth, and among those who have
not at hand the glad tidings of salvation. And thus we
cheer, enliven, strengthen the distant 'stations of the great
army of the Cross; we establish outposts, push on into the
enemy's country, invade the dark regions of pagan super-
stition, gain upon the dominion of the Evil One, and carry
into his own gloomy recesses the banner of the Cross.
shedding light, happiness, and salvation on all who look
to it.

Conquest, progress, the subjection of the world to come
as well as this present, are the great and glorious promises
made to Christians. These are our objects. We stretch
out our hands in prayer and hope to lay hold on these
solid, true, and lasting realities. We see rise up before
us a long array of powers, spiritual and heavenly; the
heralds, the agents, the directing energies of the eternal
kingdom, ushered in by the Lord of Creation himself;
the living and beating pulse of the great framework is
the Holy Spirit of God. Thousand times ten thousand
angels go forth to minister, and the Lord is among them.
The whole creation, which now groaneth and travaileth,
waiting for redemption, and the removal of the curse,
will then have returned to the dominion of the Lord of
life and light and power. And the redeemed shall walk
a renovated earth, teeming with the tumultuous obediences
of grateful creatures, burning with desire to testify to the
Giver of all Good their homage and their devotion, and
exulting in the prevalence of "harmony and concord.

Christ, the Universal King, shall reign till he hath put
all enemies under His feet.

Away then with the wretched sneers of the sceptic, the
deadness of the formal, the trembling half-confidence of
the fearful, and the indifference of the selfish, who care
only for present ease and bodily comfort ! Heaven itself
is to descend upon earth, and instead of preparing our-
selves for its enjoyment, shall we be merely accommo-
dating and arranging, and idolising things earthly and
carnal, which all are to perish with the using? 'This
mortal must put on immortality, and this corruptible
must put on incorruption,'' Let us then live, brethren,
for the immortal, the incorruptible. Lift up your eyes
and your hearts above this miserable, perishing scene, full
of changes and uncertainties, and fix them on the eternal
and immutable realities of Christ's great spiritual king-
dom. Labour not for that which perisheth, and is swept
into oblivion, but for that kingdom which in its over-
flowing fulness shall absorb heaven and earth.

If all things are yours, they are given for this one end and
object, that you should dispense them as faithful stewards
of Grod's gifts for His honour, for His glory, for the good
of His creatures. To teach every knee that it must bow to
Him in submission or in deprecation. To instruct every
lip that it must call upon Him, either in holy hope or in
a wild despair ; but to Him we all must go, on Him we
all must call ; we must be soldiers of the army of the
faithful, or prisoners of war destined for the punishment
of traitors and deserters. It is a matter in which our own
eternal salvation is concerned. Are we faithful soldiers
of Christ, if we neglect it ?

Our tendency is to rest satisfied with the present, though
we know its emptiness. We may persevere in indifference

to the higher things of Grod's covenant, till a hardened
selfishness has encased us in an adamantine shell, imper- .
vious to the persuasive motions of the Holy Spirit, dead
to the noble sounds which call us to glorious enterprise on
the side of Grod our Father, and Jesus Christ his Son.
But, away with this ! Let me draw a picture of the pro-
gress of the true Christian soldier.

When young, and before we come in contact with the
turmoil of life, its pomps and its vanities, its honours and
its business, its glories and its pageantry fill us indeed with
bright hopes and longings : we yearn for the day which
shall bring us into the midst of all its glittering, joyous
scenes— the picture, while at a distance, seems so bright,
so engaging, so full of enjoyment; but as we approach it,
it seems to lose somewhat of its freshness and its allure-
ments, and gradually, as years creep on, what was so bright,
becomes dim ; what appeared so brilliant, becomes tar-
nished ; and then to the true, faithful, penitent soldier of
the Cross, who has hopes and joys of another kind, visions
higher, holier, more glowing, steal gradually over the
scene. Like those imitations of art, where the fading hues
and dissolving outlines of one picture are preceded by
clear and brightening images of a different kind ; so, as
the man grows older, his views of the Future change in
their tone and character ; as the world-picture fades from
his eyes, being found unreal, unsatisfying, empty, there
arises before him a bright glow of heaven ; he realises on
earth, by 'anticipation, the incipient glories of a scene of
transcendent happiness and magnificence ; the great king-
dom of Christ fills his imagination, he thinks more of it,
and less of the fleeting, deceitful, uncertain present; it
grows upon him, as the other fades, in importance and
reality, and more clearly and more distinctly shall its

glories reveal themselves to the eye of his faith, till he
exchanges his ever-brightening vision for the burning and
shining realities of heaven. Children of this spiritual
kingdom ! Sons of Grod ! Heirs of glory ! Partakers of
the heavenly calling ! What noble sounds are these ! If
they cannot stir us to holy enterprise, our hearts must
indeed be dead.

Christ, the Lord of Lords and King of Kings, is extend-
ing gradually and surely over the whole earth His kingdom ;
and shall we, his sworn soldiers and servants, purchased
with His blood, sanctified by His spirit, be lukewarm in
His cause ? How soon will it be out of our power to do
anything ? The call to eternity may be painfully near —
we know how suddenly the mighty are struck down, and
how soon shall we and all this generation sleep- with our
fathers ; and then, what shall we have in the triumph, the
great and glorious issue of the conflict with evil, when the
trophies are raised and the nations are subdued, and Christ
the Deliverer hath trodden the winepress of the fierceness
and wrath of Almighty Grod, and the kingdoms of the
world have become absorbed in the one great Empire
of Righteousness !

It is a subject for thankfulness to God that he has
effectually stirred up many to this great work. But its
vastness would be appalling if we did not know that the
greatest results can be attained when those who set about
them are united, zealous, and act on high principles ; when
they seek perpetually the Divine aid, and put their trust
only in the strength which is given from above in answer
to earnest entreaty. When we lift up the veil of earthly
covering, and consider mankind as consisting of immortal
beings, capable of a high intellectual and moral excellence,
we discern vast crowds in darkness and ignorance, claimed
by the Evil One as his subjects, far removed from the

blessings of the Gospel, never attaining to the true know-
ledge of Grod.

It is our duty then, our pledged and bounden duty, if
we be faithful Christians, to open the prison doors to those
who are in the chains of sin; to throw wide asunder the
floodgates of Divine love to these poor perishing sinners ;
to send far and wide the proclamation of peace, deliver-
ance, regeneration, the Divine favour — grand and heart-
stirring privileges which we now enjoy ; to break down •
the barriers which the powers of evil interpose ; to fight
manfully under Christ's banner against His enemies and
the enemies of mankind, with an undying confidence in
the result, with a pertinacious certainty of success ; be-
cause we are part of the army of the Lord of Hosts ; we
are spending our energies in the cause of One unfailing
and Omnipotent, who has himself decreed the issue of the
conflict : * I have sworn by myself, the word is gone
out of r)iy mouth in righteousness, and shall not return :
That unto me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall
swearJ

What conquest, what object of ambition can be com-
pared with this ?

* Go ye then into all the world, and preach the Gospel
to every creature.''

You will be at no loss to understand why this subject
has been brought before you to-day. It is to interest you
in the special services we have announced on Saturday
next and during the following week. Full details of these
services will be supplied to all who wish to take part in
them. Their general object is the expansion of the idea
of this day's sermon. The assembling of so many bishops
from distant parts of the world to take counsel with our
archbishop on the momentous affairs of the Anglican

branch of the Church Catholic suggested the idea of a
continuous missionary service. We hope by united com-
munion, by united prayer and praise, and by listening to
the exhortations of those servants of Grod who have not
only said Lord, Lord, but led the way in the glorious
conflict against evil, to rouse ourselves to greater self-
devotion in this matter, to increase our interest in the
progress of Christ's kingdom here and everywhere, to im-
press more deeply on our own hearts and minds the
responsibilities and the privileges of Church membership.

May God Almighty bless these efforts to stir men to
holy enterprise and faithful service ! May the prayers and
praises of his children from this church ascend before the
throne of His Grace and prevail with Him for blessing on
the great work and on ourselves, and may we feel in
increasing numbers the blessedness of union and commu-
nion with our dear Lord and Master I

Come then, my friends, in crowds ; bring all you can to
join. Let us pray earnestly, intently, with all our hearts
and souls. Let us praise God for past mercies by singing
to him psalms and hymns lustily with a good courage, and
let us bind ourselves to Him and to His Cross by frequent
communion, and resolve from henceforth to live more and
more, by His grace and help, the Christian life, and devote
ourselves more and more earnestly to His work.

Now to God the Father, God the Son, and God the
Holy Ghost, let us ascribe, as we are most bounden, all
might, majesty, power, and dominion, in heaven and
earth, for ever and ever. Amen.

The following Account of the week of Missionary Services held in
the Church of S. Lawrence and S. Mary Magdalen is compiled
from the newspapers of the day, corrected only in matters of fact.
The unexpected sympathy shown by the citizens and men of business
in London, drew more attention to the services than I had hoped
for ; and no arrangement having been made for a permanent record
of the sermons, I am obliged to make the best use I can of the
Heports in the daily papers.

We had hoped and expected that the Bishop of London would have
opened the series with an address on Home Missions, but in this we
were disappointed.* The kindness of the Bishop of Louisiana, who,
at two days' notice, undertook the first sermon, will always be a
subject of grateful recollection. The other sermons were sometimes
not preached by those bishops whose names we had advertised ; but,
as I explained to the congregation, there were unavoidable inter-
ruptions to the scheme, from the great difficulty of making arrange-
ments which depended on so many contingencies. The account here
given will I trust be fairly accurate -, and I have thought it right to
preserve it, such as it is, from the unprecedented fact that in twenty-
six services held in nine days in one parish church twenty-four bishops
were present and took part. The crowds who welcomed them may
be considered as giving them The People's Welcome to the City of

London.

B. M. C.

* The Bishop of London's approval and sympathy were, however, conveyed to tae
more than once, by letter, before and during the services.

The Festival commenced on Saturday, the 14th September. Four
o'clock was the hour appointed for the commencement of the services,
and at that hour every part of the church was well tilled. A proces-
sion emerged from the vestry and moved slowly down the aisle, about
sixty surpliced choristers singing Bishop Ileber's processional hymn,
' The Son of God goes forth to war.' The Bishop of Louisiana, United
States of America, then followed, attended by the Bev. W. E, Erskine*
Knollys, M.A., the Bishop of London's chaplain ; the Rev. Morgan
Cowie, B.D., vicar of S. Lawrence Jewry; the Bev. George Pocock,
LL.B,, Lecturer in the Church ; and several other clergymen in their
robes. The Bev. Morgan Cowie, who knelt at the altar rails, sang the.
Litany. At its close the Bishop of Louisiana ascended the pulpit,
and expressed the deep regret he felt at the absence of the Bishop of
London, who, he was authorised to say, felt the deepest interest in the
enterprise they were commencing. He then selected for his text the
28th chapter of St. Matthew's Gospel, verse 19 — ' Go ye, therefore,
and teach all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father, and
of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost.' He said that, in the absence of
the honoured prelate who presided in that diocese, it fell to him
to make a few introductory remarks on the various topics which would
be brought before them in the course of the services, leaving others to
deal with them more in detail. He said the tendency of every great
principle was to become a power, and this w^as eminently true of
Christianity, which had arisen from small beginnings. Christ did not
convert the world by a miracle, but he wandered up and down Judea,
and was content as a reward for- his labours with a very feeble
brotherhood. The responsibility rested upon Christians of the present
times to share in the work, otherwise they would deny the Church
which Christ planted ; they would prove themselves ignorant of the
first principles of the Gospel if they remained satisfied with a convic-
tion of the soundness of their own faith, and neglected to take the
necessary means for propagating it amongst others. The Bishop
proceeded to speak of home missions. He remarked that since he
had visited England some fifteen or sixteen years ago, upwards of one
hundred beautiful churches had been erected in London, eacli in itself
forming the nucleus for the propagation of Christianity ; whilst in
Paris during the same period he found that only five new churches had
been built, and those in the place of four that had been pulled down for
improvements. Still, the immense increase in the population of Lon-
don must be remembered. An immense mass of vice and depravity

was growing np around them; but it might yet be not only tlie
greatest but the best city in the world. There was something truly
comprehensive in the work of city missions. They did not want mere
benevolent institutions based upon a creedless humanitarianism, and
they could never satisfactorily support what were called benevolent
institutions which disowned the Church and its duly organised
ministry. The tendency of such institutions was to induce the poor
to believe that they could do without any religion at all, whereas they
ought to inscribe the name of Christ legibly on all their institutions,
in order to show the connection which existed between them and the
Church. No charity could be Christian which was not universal,
which did not address itself to the spiritual and temporal wants of the
poor. Societies were multiplying every day, just as heathen temples
were raised to deify every virtue and to relieve every human ill ; but
this showed little more than the sincerity of the worshippers and
the hoUowness of their worship. The Bishop next spohe of the man-
ner in which the work of the Church was advancing in the colonies
and dependencies of the British Crown — a matter in which he said he
had much experience. If the same had been done for America in days
gone by it might have been a greater and a better country than it was
now. For a hundred years there existed in America an episcopal
Church without bishops, and the Church which had government
protection was that which was left without an organisation. In vain
that Church pleaded with the government of England for redress —
archbishops and bishops pressed the matter upon the attention of the
Crown, and year after year the Society for the Propagation of the
Gospel made strenuous eftbrts to remedy the evils ; but while it was
allowed to the Roman Catholic Church to have what bishops she
pleased in her discretion, the sons and daughters of the Church of
England were left without the ministrations which were pledged to
them at their baptism. Nothing so much as this strengthened
the Americ^ms for their struggle against this country ; nothing induced
them more than this to look with interest upon this struggle for inde-
pendence, and to delight in seeing the secular power scattered into
fragments, until at length it entirely disappeared. He should feel that
he had not spoken unwisely on this subject if he aroused the zeal of
Englishmen on behalf of the spiritual life of their distant colonies and
dependencies, which he trusted would ever remain to strengthen the
fame of England. The right rev. prelate described in very vivid terms
the way in which colonists, even though they had been communicants

in the Church at home, were apt to fall away from the faith if
means of grace were not provided for them. They rejoiced in the
Church at home, and had been carefully instructed in Catholic truth.
Such men might fall away ; they could never become sectaries : they
might become infidels j they might become recreant to the Church of
their baptism ; but it would never be until the Church proved deaf to
their continued appeals. He trusted that the day might be hastened
when the Churches of England and America would be still more
closely united, especially in the advancement of the spiritual interests
of the heathen. In the presence of so sublime a spectacle all political
antagonism would be hushed, for all would acknowledge the father-
hood of the Church.

When a collection had been made, the right rev. prelate pronounced
the Benediction from the altar, and clergy and choristers re-formed
and retired in the same order in which they had entered, singing with
great force the recessional hymn —

* 0, Paradise ! 0, Paradise !

Who dotli not crave for rest ? '

There was a second service at eight o'clock, when the sermon was
preached by the Kev. William Cadman, M.A,, Eector of Holy Trinity,
Marylebone, from Matthew ix. 36, ' But when he saw the multitudes,
he was moved with compassion on them, because they fainted, and
were scattered abroad, as sheep having no shepherd.' The offerings
of the day, which were devoted to the Bishop of London's Fund,
amounted to 15^,

On Sunday, the 15th, there was an early celebration of the Holy
Communion at eight o'clock, when the Rev. W. II. Milman, Rector
of S. Augustine and S. Faith, officiated. At the mid-day service it had
been announced that the sermon would be on matters connected with
the Church in Ireland, by the Very Rev. Dr. W. Alexander, late
Dean of Emly, Bishop-Designate of Derry and Raphoe, and there was
a vast congregation. Every effort had been made to secure Dr.
Alexander, and he was most willing to have come, but owing to
his receiving, at a very late hour, notice of his consecration, he was
obliged to remain in Ireland. Indefatigable efforts had been made to
obtain for the Church of Ireland a representative, yet all failed from
various causes. His place was supplied by the Right Rev. D. W.
AValrond Jackson, Bishop of Antigua, who was attended by a consider-
able body of the clergy. Prayers were said by the Rev. Morgan

Cowie ; the first lesson was read by tlie Rev. Horace Roberts, M.A.
The Bishop of Antigua preached from Matt. vi. 10, * Thy kingdom
come.' In speaking of missions, he contended that the societies were
the recognised organs of the Church, and that without their agency it
would be impossible to hope for success. He spoke of the peculiar
interest which attached to the matter at the present time, and remarked,
that, although there had been special discouragements to contend
against at the Cape of Good Plope, in South Africa, in New Zealand,
and elsewhere, the faith of the workers had never wavered.

At the close of the sermon, during the reading of the sentences, and
the singing of a hymn, a collection was made for the restoration of
the Church at Basseterre, S. Kitts, recently destroyed by fire, and the
amount was 6/., and the Holy Communion was administered.

At the third service, held in the evening. Dr. Jenner, Bishop of
Dunedin, N. Z., preached. The right rev. prelate wore his scarlet
doctor's hood over his ordinary episcopal robes. He selected for
his text Luke x. 33 (from the Gospel of the day), ' But a certain
Samaritan, as he j ourneyed, came where he was ; and when he saw
him, he had compassion on him,' which he skilfully applied to the
duty of supporting Christian missions.

The amount collected, for mission work in the diocese of Dunedin,
was 9/.

On Monday morning, September 16, there was a tolerably large
congregation, the greater portion of those present being men, and the
service commenced at the early hour of seven o'clock. At that time
the first note of the organ was heard, and a procession entered, con-
sisting of between 50 and GO surpliced choristers, singing the proces-
sional hymn, ' We love the place, 0 Lord ; ' the Rev. Morgan Cowie,
B.D., Vicar of S. Lawrence Jewry ; the Rev. William Henry Mil-
man, M.A., and the Right Rev. Dr. Bethune, Bishop of Niagara, the
Bishop -Coadjutor to the Bishop of Toronto. The ante-communion
service having been sung, the Bishop took his place in front of the
communion rails, and delivered a brief address. He said he took
great interest in the services which had now been commenced, and he
hoped the great movement with which they were connected would
meet with the success which it deserved. It was now more than a
century since efforts were first made to promote the extension of the
Church in British North America by means of the Society for the
Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. Had it not been for
the existence of that great institution, not only would British North

America have been without a visible Church, but probably in tlie
United States there would not have been a Church as it was understood
in England. On the other hand; had the Church been duh^ planted
there in time, there might not have taken place (as the Bishop of
Louisiana had so well said) any separation from the mother country.
This was admitted by the citizens of the United States themselves,
and it would show what was the main influence which bound the two
countries so closely together. In Canada the Church was deeply in-
debted to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, which sent
missionaries there when they could not otherwise have been obtained,
and thus great spiritual necessities Avere to some extent supplied.
Through the bounty of the people of England, the Society for the
Propagation of the Gospel in Eoreign Parts was enabled so to plant
the Clmrch in Canada that, come what might, its foundations could
never be shaken. But during all that time Canada had grown almost
into a nation, and its people had had to struggle for the maintenance
of their Church. But the Society found that the Canadians had
grown lusty and strong, and that, to a considerable extent at least,
they ought to support their own burdens, so that the bounty hitherto
afforded to Canada might be bestowed on other far distant and more
destitute lands. Still there had been great strugglings, and the Cana-
dians had been compelled to trust for help in the extension of their
Church to their fellow-Christians in England. There were through-
out Canada strong anxieties and yearnings for the maintenance of its
connection with England. The Canadians were proud of the tie, and
trusted that it might never be severed. There was not, he belieyed,
an appendage of the Crown of England which would suffer so much from
a severance from the mother country as Canada, and that was the gene-
ral feeling of his fellow-countrymen. Still, if they were not helped,
it was to be feared that the Church would not make much progress.
A short time since he addressed a letter to the Society for the Propa-
gation of the Gospel, soliciting for his diocese a grant of 500Z. a year
for five years. The answer was that the Society would be glad to do
it, but that its resources were at its lowest ebb, so that the Canadians
must use the best exertions they could in their own land to provide
for the destitution which must be met. By helping that Church
Christians in England would be giving a practical application to the
prayer, ' Thy kingdom come.'

Tlie choral celebration of the Holy Communion was then proceeded
with, the Bishop pronouncing the Absolution and the Benediction.
The choir left the church singing, ^ ILiil to the Lord's Anointed !. '

The amount of alms collected for the Church Fund of the Diocese
of Toronto was 1/. 5.5.

At the mid-day service of Monday, September 16, there was
another failure in reference to the appointed preacher, but the
service was, notwithstanding, more enthusiastic and altogether more
remarkable than any which had preceded it. At one o'clocJc, at which
time it was to commence, there was scarcely an inch of available
ground in the church which was not covered, and the sight of so
many men assembled for worship at the busiest hour of the day in the
City was very striking. Nearly in the front row was a leading soli-
citor in the City, whose time must have been especially valuable to
him, with his briefs and papers, who evinced a deep interest in the
service, but who went off with the rapidity of lightning at its close,
many leading merchants, clerks with their books and papers — al-
together a congregation which is very seldom seen. After the pro-
cession entered, and the clergy and choristers had taken their seats,
the 7e Deum was sung, and the Kev. T. J. Rowsell, M.A., Eector of
S. Margaret's, Lothbury, ascended the pulpit. Mr. Rowsell belongs
to what is called the broad church party, as distinguished from the
high church, and has been a most energetic worker with the Bishop
of London, in his Fund, and other measures for the well-being of his
diocese. He said it was with very great regret he had to announce
that the Bishop of British Columbia (Dr. George Hills), who was to
have preached that day, had not arrived. He had had a letter from
the bishop to state that he might be expected in London in the course
of last week, but, as he was going to start, circumstances in the colony
were so pressing, and of so anxious a character, that the governor of
the colony personally asked him not to leave at that crisis. The
archdeacon, to whom the affairs of the diocese would have been
committed, was thrown from his horse and had his leg broken two
days before the bishop was to start, so that he was entirely incapa-
citated from work. Mr. Rowsell took for his text S. Paul's Epistle
to the Romans, chap, 16, v. 24 : — ' The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ
be with you all. Amen.' After speaking of the deep debt of gratitude
which England owed to the colonial clergy, and the importance of
maintaining missions, home and foreign, colonial, and those of old
England, he said that childish grudges had lately been expressed
towards some of the colonial bishops for leaving their dioceses to visit
for a few weeks their native country ; but it must be remembered
that they had given up all family ties, all the pleasures of home for
their distant work, and it could not be supposed that their faith in

their mission could be less after tliey liacl sought a brief relief at home.
It was not his duty that morning to speak of the approaching synod
of bishops. There might be, and no doubt were, different opinions
about it. For himself he had not much hope of any beneficial result
from it to the Church of England at large; but that of course was
only the opinion of an individual. Others would take a different
view of it. The colonial bishops, however, ought to have the sym-
pathy of all. He might add that British Columbia was founded ten
or twelve years ago as a Christian colon3\ The founder of the bishopric
was Miss Burdett Coutts, who at her own expense found funds for the
bishop and an archdeacon. During the years that had elapsed it had
become a more important colony than ever, owing to the confederation
formed by British States, its seaboard on the North Pacific — the
railwa}'' which was to run from west to east making it the high road
of nations to China 5 and the vast numbers of Indians, Chinese, Ame-
ricans, and others who were constantly swarming there. It was a
most anxious task that the Bishop of British Columbia had now to
perform if the colony was to remain a child of the parent, if a faithful
and holy union were to be maintained. If such a union were to be
maintained, it must be by those spiritual ties which bound Church to
Church. The bishop had had a tremendously trying year. He had
only fourteen clergymen, and four or five of these he would be obliged
to send home next year, in consequence of not having sufficient funds
to maintain them — a fact which it was to be hoped the rich and flou-
rishing merchants of the City of London would bear in mind. The
preacher read some extracts from the bishop's letters, showing how
encouragingly the work was proceeding, especially amongst the In-
dians. The collection at this service was devoted to the diocese of
British Columbia. It amounted to 5/. 17^.

The seventh service of the series commenced at eight o'clock, the
church being as densely packed as before. The procession consisted of
ninety-three choristers, eleven clergymen, and two bishops (the Bishop
of Ontario, and the Bishop-Coadjutor of Newfoundland), making in all
106 persons. The processional liymn was, ' The Son of God goes
forth to war.' The Rev. J. W. Gedge sang the first part of the service.
The Rev. W. Denton read the first lesson, and the Vicar the second.
The concluding prayers were said by the Rev. "W. Panckridge. The
Bishop of Ontario, who wore the scarlet hood of a doctor, was the
preacher, and selected for his text the 6th chap, of S. Paul's Epistle
to the Galatians, 10th verse— ^ Unto all men, especially unto them

who are of the household of faith.' He explained that the great object
of the present gatherings was to promote an interest in missionary
work abroad. Every Christian ought, he added, to be a missionary, for
to clutch the privileges of the Gospel and to cast a cold unpitying eye on
the spiritual destitution which so widely prevailed was simply unnatu-
ral. The missionary work of the Church, he went on to show, divided
itself into two great sections. There was that which was to be done
among the heathen, as well as the work which we were called upon
to perform in the case of our own countrymen. It was the cause of
the latter which he had on that occasion more especially to plead.
His diocese was for the most part composed of those who had been
compelled to leave Great Britain by the hard necessities of life, and
they had, he could not help thinking, the first claim upon the
missionary zeal and alms of those who remained behind. It was a
diocese nearly as large as England, and contained a population of
400,000 inhabitants, of whom 85,000 were members of the Church of
England. Over that extensive area 78 clergymen were engaged in
doing the work of the ministry in 126 churches. That, however, was
but a small number, taking into account the amount of spiritual need
for which they had to provide ; and therefore it was that they had to
appeal for aid. But while making that appeal it must not be forgotten
that they had not been unmindful of the duty of self-help, for
^100,000 had last year been raised in the diocese for missionary pur-
poses. When, at the same time, the position of many of the
emigrants at a distance from their native land was borne in mind, no
one could feel surprised that they were not able to effect all that was
necessary in that direction. They had many sources of discourage-
ment to contend with, and he felt assured they would not apply in
vain to those whom he saw around him to assist them in overcoming
the many difficulties which they had to encounter. That assistance,
however, to be effectual, must not be the result of merely momentary
impulse, but, like all other successful undertakings in life, must pro-
ceed upon a well-organised system.

The hymn 'From Greenland's icy mountains,' was sung during
the collection of the alms (8/.), which were given to the diocese
of Ontario. The Benediction was pronounced by the Coadjutor-
Bishop of Newfoundland. The recessional hymn was ' 0, Paradise.'

Tuesday, Sept. 17. — At 7 a.m. there was a choral celebration of the
Holy Communion. The Rev. B. M. Cowie, the vicar, was the cele-
brant, assisted by the Bev. J. W. Gedge. The Bishop of Barbados

.(wlio came specially 'from Worcestershire for the purpose) delivered
a short address from the altar rails. After expressing his thankfulness
for being permitted to take part in these important services, his lord-
ship alluded to the case of S. Paul, who desired his converts at
Thessalonica to pray for him, and observed that if an inspired Apostle
who spoke the infallible word of God asked his converts to pray for
him, it might readily be conceived how much more it was necessary
for the bisliops of the present day to request the prayers of the faithful
when such an assembly of bishops from all parts of the world was
about to take place at the request of the Primate. His lordship
rejoiced that this most appropriate series of services was being held,
especially as they had not only been called together for prayer, but
were invited to the Holy Communion, the great act of Christian
fellowship. Englishmen were remarkable for their reservedness and
isolation, and he looked forward to the time when this should be done
away with, and all should unite in the grand endeavour to spread the
Gospel. The bishop then alluded to church-work in his ovm diocese,
and in the West Indies generally. The Bishop of Antigua was
present at this service.

The alms were to be given to the West India missions of the
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel.

At one o'clock the church was so much crowded that it was
with some difficulty that the choir could reach their places. The
processional hymn, ^ The Son of God goes forth to war,' was sung.
The clergy were the Vicar, the Rev. S. H. Bingham, and the Rev. R.
Sanders (of Nassau, Bahamas). After the Te Deiim, the vicar con-
ducted the preacher, the Lord Bishop of Labuan (Borneo), to the
pulpit. The bronzed countenance and features, and the worn frame,
which bore silent but eloquent testimony to the bishop's arduous
labours in the East, attracted considerable attention. Plaviug
taken as his text the 1st chapter of the Prophet Malachi, 2nd verse —
' For from the rising of the sun even unto the going down of the
same My name shall be great among the Gentiles ; and in every place
incense shall be offered unto My name, and a pure offering ; for My
name shall be great among the heathen, saith the Lord of Hosts,' — the
Bishop observed that the prophetic promise which that text conveyed
was happily in the process of completion in the case of our missionary
Church in the East. In India, for example, great as were the dis-
couragements which there existed, owing to the difficulty and tlie
immensity of the work which had to be undertaken, much had been

done by that Cliurclij taking into account the brief period which
had elapsed since she had begun her labours and the inadequacy of •
the means at her disposal. "When the Indian mutiny broke out, those
by whom it was.fostered thought to stamp out all trace of Christianity
in that country, and the idea passed through the islands of the
Archipelago up to China itself. The Almighty, however, had pros-
trated the blind rage of the heathen, and defeated the wily counsels
of Islam. Since then the making of railroads and canals, the opening
of new ports, and the extension of commerce, had tended much to
weaken the prejudices of the Oriental mind. In India especially, a
large amount of information was communicated to the inhabitants by
the school education which was given by the Government. Western
modes of thought were fast spreading, and a crisis had, in short,
arrived, which, if dealt with by thoroughly earnest and j udicious '
men, might lead to more good being done in the East than could
have been accomplished in a country when the old heathen system
was at work in its full strength, and its followers utterly blinded by
superstition. If, for instance, in a large missionary district, such as
that of the Punjab or Agra, a duly qualified person were appointed
to superintend and direct the present missionary efforts, so as to
establish unity of action, supervise the translation of books, and do
other literary labour, much time which was now wasted would be
saved, and the work would be much more effectually performed.
When he went to Borneo, some twenty years ago, Mahomedans and
heathens slept securely there in fancied seclusion, but the intercourse
which had sprung up between them and Englishmen had stirred up
both alike, as it were, to a new life, and the spread of churches there
attested the influence which Christianity had brought to bear upon
those who but a very few years back were lawless pirates, the
dreaded enemies of the human race. With increased means, how-
ever, he felt assured that the work of the missionaries in those Eastern
climes would be greatly accelerated. There was much in the faith of
Islam which was congenial to a people who were already deeply
steeped in sensuality, and it would be a lasting reproach to us as
Christians if that Mahomedanism which was now apparently dying
out in the W^est were allowed to spring up with renewed vigour in
the East.

The service closed with the collection of offerings for the S. P. G.
funds (11^.), and the benediction of the Bishop.

Another vast crowd assembled at the tenth service, at eight

o'clock, and many struggled in vain for admission into the church.
There was an immense procession, consisting of choristers, priests,
and two bishops — the Bishop of the Central African Mission (Dr.
Tozer), and Dr. Kelly, Coadjutor-Bishop of Newfoundland. The
prayers were intoned by the Rev. Edmund Ibbotson, M.A., late
of Honolulu. The first lesson was read by the Rev. C. B. Dalton,
M.A., incumbent of High gate, and the second by the Rev.
Morgan Cowie, B.D. The sermon was preached by the Rev.
James Hunter, M.A., minister of S. Matthew's Church, Bayswater,
formerly Archdeacon of Rupert's Land, who selected for his text the
1st chapter of the Acts of the Apostles, verse 8 — '■ And ye shall be
witnesses unto me,' &c. He said that the Church Missionary Society,
for which he had to plead, had been established seventy years, and
sent two hundred sons of the Church into foreign lands to preach the
Gospel. On that occasion he represented the diocese of Rupert's
Land, in which he had laboured twenty years. It was as large as
Europe, extending from Canada to the Arctic Sea. He himself had
preached the Gospel from the Red River to the Arctic Circle. The
Society had established missions in Africa, India, China, New Zealand,
and other parts of the world, and had been the honoured instrument
of establishing nine colonial dioceses. It was the means of raising a
little escaped slave-boy, and educating him for the ministry. That
lad wa.8 ordained at the same time with himself by the late Bishop
of London, and was now Bishop Crowther, who was labouring with
his black clergy on the banks of the Niger, and gathering in converts
to the Church. Through the exertions of the Bible Society, the Bible
had been translated into the language of the Indians, and he had
himself translated for them the Prayer Book of the Church. He
regretted to say that the Church Missionary Society was in immediate
want of another 12,000/., without which it would be obliged to with-
draw some of its agents. This arose, not from any failures, but
because its successes had been too great. The reverend gentleman
concluded with an earnest appeal on its behalf.

At the conclusion of the sermon Bishop Tozer pronounced the
Benediction from the altar rails, and the service concluded with the
usual recessional hymn. It was impossible not to notice that the
congregation was composed of all classes, including letter-carriers in
their uniforms, and all seemed to join most heartily in the singing.
The alms amounted to 12/. 85. Id.

Wednesday, Sqjt. 18. — The service at 7 a.m. was well attended.
The vicar was the celebrant — the service being choral.

After the Niceue Creed had been sung to Marbecke's notation, the
Rev. Edmund Ibbotson, commissary of the Bishop of Honolulu, de-
livered a brief address from the steps of the communion table. He
chose as his text S. Luke ch. v., v. 7 — ' And they beckoned to their
partners which were in the other ship that they should come and help
them.' He said he had been requested to state why the bishop was
not present to take part in the proceedings of that morning, as he had
expected to do. His lordship left Honolulu three months since, and
as his missions were supported not only by the Church of England
but by the Church of the United States of America, he had probably
gone to America to see his committee and his commissary for the
United States. He (Mr. Ibbotson) had been asked to give a hasty
account of the mission since its establishment. It was strange that
the murderers of Captain Cook should have been induced to send to
England, 17,000 miles away, for missionaries to instruct them in the
faith. The first King Kamehameha sought to obtain assistance from the
English nation in Church work, but failed. The second King Kameha-
meha, finding that it was useless to write letters, determined on coming
to England to see what he could do. His queen accompanied him.
During his stay in London he went to Westminster Abbey, and was
so struck with the beauty of the services that he determined to go to
George IV. to ask for aid in establishing the Church in his dominions.
He did so, but was unsuccessful. While in England the king and
queen took the typhus fever and died ; and King George IV., for what
reason it was difficult to conjecture, ordered a vessel to be equipped to
take back their bodies to their own land for interment, but made no
provision for sending a missionary to give them Christian burial. The
third king was discouraged by failures, and gave up the matter in
despair. Here, then, were three kings and one queen going to their
graves without Christian burial because England would not, when
applied to, extend its Church amongst them. The fourth king was a
more intelligent man than his predecessors, and in 1861 he wrote to
the Archbishop of Canterbury and to Queen Victoria, praying that a
bishop might be consecrated for his dominions. In 1862 subscriptions
were raised in various quarters, and a bishop was consecrated, and
went out with clergymen, of whom he (Mr. Ibbotson) had the honour
to be one. On arriving at Honolulu they found that the young prince,
who was to have received Christian baptism, had died. The queen
was baptised, and shortly afterwards the king and queen presented
themselves for confirmation. The bishop found a room which had
been used by the Methodists, and they made it as much like a church

as possible. In tliat building tliey bad been bolding tbeir services.
Of course it was necessary for them to try to learn the language. Witli
the aid of one or two chiefs they were able to read the service in the
language of Honolulu in the course of five weeks. Their next step
was to divide Honolulu into districts, and to employ native women
in district visiting. About seventeen of them were set to work to
visit the sick, to teach adults, and to bring them and their children
to church. By such means they were enabled to baptise 150 children
during their first year and a half, more than they would have done
had it not been for that agency. A missionary college had been estab-
lished, in which there were twenty-seven pupils, some of whom it was
hoped would become missionaries, or helpers in some other way in
Church work. The rev. gentleman next proceeded to speak of Queen
Emma's visit to England. Through her energies a sum of about
8,000?. had been received from England, and some of this it was pro-
posed to devote to the erection of a church as a memorial of the late
King Kamehameha. Mr. Williamson, of S. Augustine's College, Can-
terbury, having recently been ordained by the Bishop of Oxford, at
the request of the Bishop of Honolulu, had gone out to establish a
mission at the bay where, it is said. Captain Cook was killed. A
church was in course of erection there. He could hardly say it was a
memorial church of Captain Cook, for there were some doubts about
his conduct. He was bound to say that he had received no confir-
mation from the natives of statements which were current in Eng-
land, namely, that Captain Cook, taking advantage of the ignorance
of the natives, had received adoration at their hands. He never heard
it from the natives, and until he did so he should not believe it. Mr.
Ibbotson gave a very interesting description of the services of the
cathedral at Honolulu, and expressed his deep regret that the clerical
staff was so small. At the present moment the bishop could find
active employment for twenty more clergymen. He concluded with
an earnest appeal for aid.

The administration of the Holy Communion then proceeded, and
Bishop Tozer pronounced the Benediction.

The alms, for the Hawaian Church Fund, amounted to 3/. Gs.

It is certainly a novelty to see a vast mass of people standing in the
streets of the City waiting for the doors of a church to be opened in
order that they may attend a service of the Church of England, con-
sisting simply of the Litany, two hymns, and a sermon of twenty
minutes. So it was, however, at midday in Grcsham Street. Long

before half-past twelve o'clock, when the doors were thrown open,
people hegan to assemble, and a serious impediment to the traffic was
threatened. As soon as opportmiity offered, the people rushed in, and
every seat was taken in a few minutes. Forms were placed along the
aisles, and chairs provided, but there was no chance of providing for all
who were continually flocking in, and some hundreds had to stand.

The service at one o'clock began, as before, with a processional
hymn, ' The Son of God goes forth to war.' The Litany was then
sung by the Rev. J. W. (xedge and the Rev. R. R. Bristowe.

The sermon was preached by Dr. Twells, Bishop of the Orange
River Free State, who took for his text the l6th verse of the
90th Psalm, ' Let thy work appear unto thy servants, and thy glory
unto their children,' Dilating on this text, he expressed his regret
that the Church of England had so few missionary bishops in the
technical sense of the word, and briefly described the result of his
labours in his diocese, of which he had been consecrated bishop, he
said, only four years and a half ago at Westminster. The main por-
tion of the white population were Dutch, but there were besides some
thousands of English settlers, who were to be found scattered in vil-
lages and towns throughout the country, whose riches for the most
part consisted in their flocks and herds. The inhabitants of the place
had, just before he reached it, suffered severely from the effects of
drought, the periodical consequence of month after month passing
over their heads without a single drop of rain. It was under such
circumstances that he had commenced his missionary work, in con-
junction with three other clergymen whom he had taken out with
him. God had been pleased to bless their labours beyond their deserts.
A little cathedral which he had been engaged in having erected was
completed last year, in which, morning and evening, prayer was daily
offered up. There were some 200,000 or 300,000 native Caffres living
around the place, who had never before his arrival heard a word of the
Gospel, and it was among those that he and his fellow missionaries had
chiefly to labour. They had succeeded in establishing a day school, in
which they were now educating 60 or 70 children of those people, who
had given them up to them on condition that they were to be instructed
in the doctrines of Christianity ; and he Was happy to say that many of
the parents themselves were as glad as any one whom he addressed
could be to assemble together for divine service at the sound of the
church bell. Still tile hands of the mission were greatly fettered by

tlie want of men and resources, and he felt much humiliated when
some time ago he was obliged to allege that as an excuse to one of the
great native chiefs for not having sent a missionary into his territory.
It had heen his lot, however, to have been able to found a Missionary
College in which there were seven students, who with a friend of his
to aid them were prepared to devote themselves to the spread of the
Gospel throughout the country. The right rev. prelate concluded by
inviting the congregation to lend their assistance in the prosecution of
so good a work.

The alms, amounting to 22/. 10s. Gel, were to be devoted to the
Orange River Free State Mission.

In the evening the service was, as on the previous day, attended by
a great crowd of people, and was conducted entirely on the same plan.
The preacher was Bishop Tozer, of the Central African Mission, who
having taken as his text Ps. Ixvii. 2 — ' That thy way may be known
upon earth, thy saving health among all nations' — pointed out that
the town of Zanzibar, in the island of the same name, on the eastern
coast of Africa, and the seat of an independent Arab government, was
the point from which he and those with whom he was associated in
the work of endeavouring to spread the word of God, sought to ex-
tend the sphere of their labours. The population of the town con-
sisted of Arabs, who constituted the upper class, of our own fellow-
subjects from India, who composed the commercial and wealthy
element in the community, and of a large substratum of negroes, who,
being brought from the continent of Africa, were subjected to their
Arab masters. A commencement at least of a native Missionary Col-
lege had been made in Zanzibar, and the efforts of those by whom it
was promoted had succeeded in gathering round them the representa-
tives of some of the most distinct and distant tribes of Africa; a result
which was, strange to say, in no small degree to be attributed to the
existence of the slave trade, which led to the missionaries being
brought into immediate contact with persons who claimed kindred
with those tribes. Thus it came to pass that an institution which
was regarded by the people of every civilised country with abhorrence,
and as incapable of producing anything but evil, became the channel
through which the light of the Gospel was conveyed to a benighted
race. The right rev. prelate, without adverting further to the results
of the labours of the mission in Central Africa, proceeded, in reply to
those who contended that the missionary work of the Church ought
to be conhned to the limits of the kingdom, to argue that it was the

duty of tte Church of God to go forth into all lands, inasmuch as it
had received the empire not of a single nation hut of the whole world
as its heritage from God.

The alms, for the Central African Mission, amounted to 28/. 2s.

Thursday, Seijtemher 19. — At the early service, at seven a.m., the Vicar
was the celebrant. The Right Rev. the Bishop of Arkansas delivered
an address from the altar rails, selecting for his text the 6th chapter
of St. John's Gospel, verse 9—' There is a lad here which hath five
barley loaves and two small fishes.' He said that this miracle was but
a parable, in which all, even the lowliest, were taught the necessity
of conscientiously performing their duties. They looked around them
and saw thousands of their fellow-creatures plunged in sin, and then
it became their duty to consider what resources they had which could
Jbe applied to their relief. The bishops who were to preach at the
two great services of that day represented established dioceses in the
United States, and, as he himself was a missionary bishop, he wished
to say something of the domestic missionary operations which were
carried on in that country. There was, of course, the same old story
about great multitudes of people wandering about, having little or no
acquaintance with catholic truth, and here and there amongst them
stood a man, it might be a missionary bishop or a missionary priest — •
a lad with the five barley loaves — it did not seem much, but with it
he fed the multitudes before him. The number of clergy in America
was smaller than that in England ; indeed, it was in the proportion
of 1 to 8, the numbers being in England 20,000, in America 2,500.
But the number of bishops was about equal. There were, he be-
lieved, 48 in these islands, and 42 in the United States. Another
thing would surprise them, namely, that the number of bishops in
the United States exceeded the number of dioceses. The number of
dioceses was 34; the number of bishops who exercised jurisdiction
was eight more than the number of dioceses. There were assistant-
bishops chosen to assist, and probably to succeed bishops disabled by
old age, "but then they would find that there were certain others.
There were five — until the other day, when one was removed by
death— missionary bishops. They presided, not over dioceses, but
over missionary districts. From the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean
there was a large tract of country, larger than Europe, which was
just beginning to be filled up. On that there were five missionary
districts. It was 200,000 square miles in extent, and the districts
were for the most part inaccessible, except by the hardest journeying.

Out of this it was hoped that many organised districts would arise. He
supposed the most favoured of these missionary bishops had not more
tlian eight or ten clergy to help him ; still the American missionary
bishops were doing their work with cheerfulness and energy, and iu
God's time, they doubted not, with good success. This system had been
long enough in operation for them to witness some of its results. He
had only time to tell them something of the first of these missionary
bishopS; and something of the last. The first was Dr. Kemper, now
Bishop of Wisconsin. In 1835 he was consecrated bishop for the
north-west districts, an immense territory, where now there were five
or six large and powerful states. In 183o Bishop Kemper went out
with only five helpers. It had ever been the old man's ambition to
live and die in missionary work. He had planted the Church here
and there. He had seen one diocese established, then another, until,
unable to pursue his missionary work, he was compelled to accept the
diocese of Wisconsin. But that man, who went out in 1835 with
four or five helpers, saw in that place which he first visited five
dioceses, each with a bishop, and, on an average, forty clergy, where
once he stood alone, like the lad with his little basket, looking upon
the multitude, and wondering how it might be fed. Now, a word
as to the last of the American missionary bishops. The bishops who
had the appointment met, and having passed over many clergymen
who had greatly distinguished themselves, fixed upon a young man,
Mr. Tuttle, who was not of the canonical age for consecration, and
for which they had to wait two months. He (the Bishop of Arkansas)
and the Bishop of New York were deputed to wait upon him to make
known his election. His sphere of labour was Idaho, Montana, and
Utah. The poor man seemed crushed unto the dust when the intelli-
gence was conveyed to him. Was it because he was to leave the
home of civilisation for his arduous work ? Was it because to get to
his new district he would have to travel through places where the
Indians destroyed the lives of all the civilised people they met ? Was
it because, when he got there, he should find no better society than
the rude miners in the mountains, or those most miserable fanatics,
the followers of Mormon in the valley ? No ; it was only because he
did not consider himself worthy to address himself to so great a work.
But he recognised that voice, ' Give them to eat.' He girded on his
armour and prepared for his work. One clergyman was sent in ad-
vance. He was the only traveller by what is called the overland
stage. After leaving one of the stations, the Indians jumped up on

, the stage and sliot the driver dead. The clergyman endeavoured to
grasp the reins, when he fell off the stage into a hollow. The horses
dashed off furiously, and the Indians ran after the stage, leaving the
missionary alone. As he returned, he met his bishop and others
coming to take possession of their new district. Such was the last
bishop. He was Benjamin, their younger brother ; and he commended
him to the prayers of the congregation, adding that whatever offerings
were made that morning would be given for the promotion of the
good work in which he was engaged.

The alms amounted to 10/.

The administration of the Holy Communion then proceeded. The
Absolution was given by Bishop Tozer. There were about sixty
communicants, exclusive of the clergy and choir. The offierings were
received by Bishop Tozer, and the final Benediction was pronounced
by the Bishop of Arkansas.

Before the mid-day service, the bells rang a merry peal by way of
welcome to the bishops from the United States of America.

At one o'clock, the service was the processional hymn and the Te
Deum-, after which, when conducted to the pulpit, the Bishop of
Rhode Island, without announcing any text, gave a short sketch of
the position and prospects of the Church in the United States, which,
but fifty years ago, he said, formed an unimportant element in the
social condition of that country. In its large cities there were then
but few large churches, while the modest temples dedicated to the
worship of God throughout the land were inconsiderable in number
and far between. Since the establishment of American independence,
with the exception of one or two churches in the diocese of Con-
necticut, not a single Episcopal church had been erected until within
the period he had just named. How changed was the state of things
at the present day ! Numerous churches had sprung up in the large
cities, and there was not a village in his diocese of one thousand in-
habitants which was not provided with a place of worship. Not more
than onejn six of the clergy, and not more than one in sixty of those
whom he could number as communicants were, however, born and bred
in the Episcopal Church. They had been gathered into the fold from
all quarters. A few had been led to embrace the faith from con-
viction, a larger number because they had a preference for the services
of the x\nglican Church, and many more because of the reaction which
set in against a form of worship which had prevailed in the country
before 1800, but which the thought of the world had outgrown.

because it contradicted the idea of the character of God as the
common Father of all. Another reason why people came into the
Protestant Episcopal Church in considerable numbers was because it
represented what might be termed the sounder conservative elements
of America, for it was a remarkable fact that after the close of the
late awful war in that country, that Church was the only institution
of any sort having a true national character in which a real heartfelt
working unity existed. It was a Church more in accordance with the
genius of the civil institutions of the United States than any other,
because, as it worked, there was always co-ordinate, clerical, and lay
action in its general councils and diocesan conventions, and because
no diocesan action could take place without the concurrence of the
laity. If the Church in England was to do its work effectually, it
too must enlist the laity heartily in its worship. As a missionary
Church, the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States could
not, he might add, be fairly expected to extend its operations to
foreign missions on so extensive a scale as was done in England.
Here there was no such large domestic field with which to deal as on
the other side of the Atlantic, where he and his fellow-workers had a
territory to labour in twice as large as that ruled over by Rome when
Rome was said to rule the world, and the limits of which some ten or
twenty years hence nobody could foresee. Some three h undred thousand
human beings were besides annually discharged on the shores of
America, a great portion of whom were absorbed in its new territories,
leading for the most part a life of isolation, whose natural tendency
was barbarism. Those poor people were engaged in endeavouring to
gain their daily bread, and were unable to found churches and schools,
or to support clergymen. The bishops and pastors of the Episcopal
Church had, therefore, organised themselves into a body to supply
the spiritual necessities of those people, and had sent out their noblest
men on the mission. That Church was not doing what it ought to
do, or what it might do if it had the men and means, but it was
doing something in trying to establish Christian institutions. It
might be said that the emigrants had principles and doctrines im-
parted to them before they reached the American shores. That might
be true ; but it was equally true that both doctrines and principles
would die out unless they were fortified by religious institutions.
Our Saviour never left a single word of writing, but He left insti-
tutions ; lie left the sacraments, He left the Church. They might
depend upon it that they would never be able to teach the people

with any effect througli the agency of a diluted Gospel, a diluted
Church. Both must be given to them in their integrity, for both
must fall or stand together. The Cliurch dealt with people who
would not receive the truth upon the simple ipse dixit of a clergyman.
Its truth must be proved to them, and the best way of doing that
was by the clergy by their lives showing that they had in them the
Spirit of God. The right rev. prelate passed a high eulogium Tipon
England, and expressed a hope that it would encircle the world with
its banners, on which should be inscribed, 'Glory to God in the
highest; and on earth peace, good will towards men.'

The alms amounted to 30/., and were given for mission work in
the diocese of Arkansas.

At eight o'clock, preceded by a joyous peal, the service commenced
with the singing of the processional hymn.

Among the clergy were the Rev. Dr. Evans, Rev. J. Trew, Rev.
W. R. Scott, Rev. G. P. Pownall, Rev. R. Sanders, Rev. J. V.
Walters, Rev. W. Panckridge, Rev. Dr. Finch, Rev. W. W. Roberts,
Bishop Tozer, of the Central African Mission. The preacher of the
evening was a prelate of the United States, the Right Rev. Dr. H. W.
Lee, of Iowa, who selected for his text S. Matthew xiii. verses 31, 32
— ' The kingdom of heaven is like to a grain of mustard seed, which
a man took, and sowed in his field : which indeed is the least of all
seeds : but when it is grown, it is the greatest among herbs, and be-
cometh a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in the
branches thereof It was a sermon of considerable length, in the
course of which he repeated the statistics as to the number of clergy-
men, bishops, and dioceses in the United States which had been
given by the Bishop of Arkansas in the morning, and dwelt in terms
of warm eulogy -on the efforts of the Society for the Propagation of
the Gospel, which, since its organisation in 1701, had done so much
to spread the word of God in America. When that society was
established, he added, there were only four clergymen in holy orders
on the whole continent of America, whereas now there were more
than 2,500 in the United States alone. Adverting to his own diocese,
he mentioned that it was larger than the whole of England, and that,
when it was founded, some thirteen years ago, it had within its limits
only nine clergymen, whose number had been since increased to forty.
The almost boundless regions to the westward, he added, stood greatlv
in need of the labours of the missionary, and he expressed it to be his
opinion that there was no more effectual means of establishing the

harmony and efficiency of the Church than the general union of its
ministers in the endeavour to sow the seeds of grace among the
spiritually destitute and benighted who inhabited those and other
reoions of the earth. The service did not terminate until nearly half-
past ten o'clock.

The offertory was, at the desire of the preacher, devoted in moieties
to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel and the Church
Missionary Society. It amounted to 141. 4s.

Friday/, September 20. — The Bishop of Honolulu, Sandwich Islands
(Dr. Staley), arrived on Thursday night, and was present at the
early service on Friday morning at S. Lawrence Church, Gresham
Street, where the Holy Communion was celebrated at seven a.m.
The service commenced by the choir entering the church singing
the hymn, ' We love the place, 0 God.' The Eev. W. F. Erskine
KnoUys, chaplain to the Bishop of London, delivered a short
address from the chancel step, in which he urged each one to consider
what part he was taking in the great missionary work of the Church,
and not to let the daily petition, ^Thy kingdom come,' be a mere
empty form of speech, but show their love and zeal by their labour,
their alms, and their prayers. Mr. Knollys observed : — The petition,
^ Thy kingdom come,' reminds us that there is still something incom-
plete, unperfected in God's empire on earth, end that if we are satis-
fied to leave things as we see them, to make no serious personal
individual effort to supply what is wanting, our conduct is in direct
variance with our prayer. In their fullest meaning the words lead on
our thoughts to Christ's second coming, and we cannot be consistent
in giving them utterance, save as we are in good earnest, striving not
only to prepare us for that great day, but as God gives us the oppor-
tunity to prepare, and to help in preparing others for it, and so that
there is one simple practical meaning which we may at every period,
and under all circumstances, attach to the petition — the propagation
of the Gospel upon earth. One of the most certain proofs that what
we say with our lips we believe in our hearts will be found in our
endeavour to promote the work in our own soul, in our own home and
family, amongst our friends and fellow-labourers, in our own parish,
in our own city, in our own land, in the colonies and dependencies of
our empire, and so on throughout the whole earth. Mr. Knollys
proceeded to observe that he had been desired to commend to the
consideration of those present the churches of the South African pro-
vince for their intercession and self-denying liberality. He would

not then enter into those details, which would be more ahly given
later in the day, by those who had laboured there, who had borne the
burden and heat of the day, and who would show how much help
was needed in Capetown, in Grahamstown, in the deeply afflicted and
sorely tried Church of Natal, in the Orange River States, from all of
which appeals are addressed to us in behalf of our countrymen and
of the heathen brought under their influence.

The hymn, ' Bread of life, on thee we feed,' was sung during the -
collection at the offertory. The Blessing was given by the Rev. B. M.
Cowie, and the choir left the church singing, ' Hail to the Lord's
anointed.'

The congregation, including clergy and choir, numbered between
120 and 130.

The alms amounted to 1/. 17s., and were given for South African
Missions.

At one o'clock, the second service of the day was held, the preacher
being the Right Rev. Dr. Henry Cotterill, Bishop of Grahamstown,
South Africa.

The church was, as usual, most densely crowded.

The procession consisted of the choir singing the usual hymn,
^ The Son of God goes forth to war ; ' the Revs. R. R. Bristow, R.
H. Bradley, V. Smith, A. J. Ingram, C. S. Coldwell, R. Saunders, &c.

The Litany having been sung, the Bishop of Grahamstown took
as his text Revelation, chap. ii. part of verse 7 — 'He that hath an
ear, let him hear what the Spirit saithto the churches.' The bishop
devoted tlie greater portion of his discourse to an explanation of
the text, showed that the divine principles of Church government
were nowhere more clearly contained in the whole Bible than in the
early chapters of the Revelations, and concluded as follows : —

'I need hardly remind you, my brethren, how intimately the
truths we have been considering affect those questions as to the main-
tenance and extension of Christ's kingdom, which it is the object of
these services to bring before you. We have special need in the
present day to fall back on those divine principles for the encourage-
ment and strengthening of our faith in this work. The world now,
as of old, mocks at Christ's Church, scoffs at our Church-organisation
and Church-fellowship as a feeble worn-out system, ridicules our
claims to have commission and authority from Christ to assert His
truth against heresy and error ; it can understand no power but that
of human law or of worldly wisdom ; it mocks at the means ordained

by God to give lig-lit to the world, whicli seems to them, as to the
cultivated and philosophic Greeks of old, the foolishness of preaching,
and it derides the results produced by the Gospel, just as the heathen
world ridiculed the early Christians as ignorant and credulous and
of the dregs of the people. Let us not fear their contempt, or be
ashamed at their revilings. Because these attacks on Christ's Church
are disguised with the flimsy veil of a respect for the Christian name,
they are no less directed against our Divine Lord. We must leave it
to Him to answer their reproaches as against Himself — our part is
simply to strengthen our faith in His Presence, in His Gospel, in His
Church, and to go forward, counting the reproach of Christ the very
earnest of our victory and our reward. It appears to me, the more I
learn of the Church's work on earth, that if only our hearts will get
hold of such truths as our text suggests, our whole Church work and
our missionary work would be more wholesome — that we should be
much less dependent on stimulating details, much less moved by the
world's j udgment on us. I shall detain you but a very little while
with the account of that particular work of Christ's Church, of which
I am here as the representative. The distinguishing characters of
colonial work and the claims of your colonial brethren have been
brought before you during the past week from different parts of the
world, and those of the diocese committed to my charge dilier in little
except that (being a colony with fewer resources than many others,
and with peculiar drawbacks arising from its climate and seasons) our
people have difficulties beyond those which exist in more flourishing
countries, in maintaining the ministrations of Christ's Church among
them. During the ten years of my episcopate, the contributions of
the people to the support of the ministry have trebled, and fifteen new
churches and school chapels have been built over an area as large as
the whole of England, but there still remain ten villages and small
towns without a church or a clergyman, besides large districts over
which a rural population is scattered. Besides the colonial work of
the diocese, we have a large mission work, supported chiefly by the
Society, through which your contributions are solicited this day —
'partly by contributions from our colonial Churchmen, and 'partly by
the contributions of the native converts. In 1857 we had not a single
convert ; in this year we have on our eight mission stations, with
their outposts, between 300 and 400 communicants, and above fifty
native teachers, thirty of whom are either labouring unpaid or sup-
ported on the whole or in part by their own people ; for whatever

men may imagine, our Lord makes no distinction in race or colour in
His superintendence of His churches and the gif rs of His Spirit. And
this I would especially say, with reference to the subject we have
been considering this day, that in all our work we are learning by
experience the exceeding value of that Church-fellowship by which
men are educated for God's service on earth and directed in it, by
which natural prejudices and fancies of class and race are melted
down, and Christians are fused together in one body in Christ. Among
-other parts of our organisation few have tended more to call forth the
energies of all our Churchmen, and to unite us with all our differences
of feeling and opinion in comoion action, than our Diocesan Synod (in
which the native Church is represented, though it cannot send any of
its own members). In this country, where Church action is to a
great extent directed and limited by law, its reality somehow is
hardly felt. But if we in the colonies want those advantages which
you here enjoy from union with the State, we have the very great
privilege of having the reality and the blessing of Church-fellowship
and action. As an instance of this, I would observe that, while here
men are almost marvelling what can have brought us from the ends
of the earth, our Churchmen regard it in a very different light.
They have, with one voice, commissioned me to convey to the Arch-
bishop their hearty satisfaction and thankfulness, and their deep con-
viction that, under God's blessing, the result of these united counsels
will be the establishment of the closest and most real union between
the mother Church of England and her daughter Churches through-
out the world, a union far closer and more real, as we have learned
through painful experience, than any that can be maintained by acts
of parliament or the exercise of royal prerogatives. And why?
Because it is simply using means ordained of God in His kingdom of
Christ for the fulfilinent of His purposes, which when we follow, not
in presumption or self-confidence, not in superstition, but in humility,
prayer, dependence on God's will and Christ's spirit, our work will be
(let the earth dream what it may) mighty through God to overthrow
the strongest holds of the enemy.'

The alms amounted to 211, and were given to the Grahamstown
Missions of the S. P. G.

As was expected, the crowd at the evening service was immense ;
the street was so much blocked that it was absolutely necessary
to open the doors twenty minutes before the usual time, and the
church being quickly filled, hundreds were unable to gain admission.

The clioir entered as usual singing the processional hymn, and followed
by a very large body of clergy, including Revs. Dr. Evans, Robert
Gregory, J. L. Fish, Dr. Macnab (of Darlington, Canada), W. Baird,
J. J. Evans (chaplain to the Home and Colonial Church Society),
A. Newdigate, R. L. Loughborough, E. C. Woollcombe, Brymer
Belcher, J. G. Cowan, &c. ; after whom came the Bishop of Honolulu
(Sandwich Islands), the Bishop of Pittsburgh (U.S.), and the Metro-
politan of South Africa, Dr. Gray, Bishop of Capetown, who was
attended by two of his suffragans, Bishop T wells and Bishop Tozer,
who acted as his chaplains. For the anthem the hymn, ' Jerusalem the
Golden,' was sung, and before the sermon that commencing, ' Songs of
praise the angels sang.' The preacher, who used the invocation to the
Hol}^ Trinity before commencing his sermon, selected as his text
Isaiah xi. verse 12 — 'For the nation and kingdom that will not serve
Thee shall perish, yea those nations shall be utterly wasted.' His
lordship remarked that the Scripture laid down certain fixed rules and
principles upon which God dealt, not only with individuals, but with
nations, and according as they obeyed audhonouredHim,or contravened
His laws and commands, they were exalted or debased. The Almighty
dispensed with inflexible justice His blessings and His curses. It may
be that occasionally the wicked appeared to be in prosperity, whilst
the righteous were afflicted, but the true Christian knew that the chas-
tening was for his real good and eternal welfare, leading to that peace
which the world cannot give. This had been the case in the whole
period of the world's history. His lordship then proceeded to point
out the position which England held among the nations of the world
with its vast possessions ; with a population which could not be held
within its own limits, but its people were compelled to go forth and
occupy the distant lands of the earth. The bishop proceeded to give
some interesting details of his work. He had, he said, spent the last
twenty years in South Africa, and when he first arrived there, he found
before him missions from Germany, France, and the United States. It
was only within the period he had just mentioned, however, that
the Churcb of England had zealously set *kbout discharging the
responsibilities which attached to her position in that quarter. At the
outset of that period, he and his fellow-labourers found themselves in
contact with not less than one million of the coloured population of the
country. There was besides a Dutch population, and also several
Englishmen, who sought in Southern Africa those means of subsistence
which were denied them at home. The different tribes and languages
of the whole people were not less than five, while the extreme limits

of the district were separated from one another by a distance of
3,000 miles. He deemed it to be his first duty on reaching his new
sphere of action to minister to the spiritual wants of his own country-
men, and to erect churches and schools. At the end of five years, he
returned home with the object of bringing about a subdivision of his
diocese, which was three times as large as Great Britain. The result
was that the bishoprics of Grahamstown and Natal were founded, while
five years afterwards another bishopric was established at St. Helena.
Subsequently the Orange Free State became a separate diocese. Still
he felt that the organisation of the Church in South Africa was not so
complete as it ought to be, and efforts were being made to send out a
mission to the Tululu Land, and other quarters, where a great work
remained to be done. He should like, therefore, to see the country
further subdivided into bishoprics, in which case the modest sum of
300/. or 400/, a year would be required for the support of each diocesan.
The number of the clergy in South Africa had, he might add, consider-
ably increased within the last twenty years. There was, moreover,
a great number of catechists, and the mission schools in his diocese
were no fewer than eighty. In the unhappy land of Natal there was
a promise at one time of great success, but the work of progress had
been checked, owing to the falling off of a brother once beloved, but
who now sought to destroy the faith he formerly upheld. He bore
testimony to the faithfulness of the clergy, and stated that this part of
the mission greatly needs the prayers of the Church at home, and
liberal and earnest support. In Capetown itself Christianity had made
great progress among the Mahometans as well as the English — chiefly
through the women, who had imbibed a hatred of polygamy. He
asked for some help to be relieved from the heavy personal liability
which now rests upon him to the extent of £900 per annum beyond
the grants of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel. The bishop
certainly demonstrated most clearly the need of help, and earnestly
pleaded for it. The right rev. prelate spoke with great earnestness.
Like his predecessors, as preachers in these services, the climate in
which he has laboured and the anxiety which he has undergone have
told upon his constitution.

The Bishop of Pittsburgh, U.S., pronounced the Blessing with up-
lifted hands in a most impressive manner.

The offertory amounted to upwards of 52/., including nearly 21. in
coppers, postage stamps, &c., and there were several indications of
sympathy from even the poorest classes.

The first Lesson was read by a native of Jamaica, Rev. E. Gordon.

The recessional hymn was, as usual, ^0 Paradise.'

Saturday, Sepfemher 21. — The Feast of St. Matthew. — At the early
service the vicar was the celebrant. After the Nicene Creed, the Rev.
G. P. Pownall, late Dean of Perth, Western Australia, Incumbent of
St. John's, Hoxton, delivered an address from the altar rails, selecting
for his text Romans x. 12 — ^ For there is no difference between the
Jew and the Greek; for the same Lord over all is rich unto all that
call upon him.' The preacher remarked that after his eleven years'
labour in Australia it was gratifying to witness the crowded congre-
gations and magnificent services within the walls of this church
during the week. In his late district the congregations were small :
a few settlers from eight or ten miles round, a straggling shepherd or
two from the bush, and the store-keeper, who had built for himself
the only storied building in the settlement. But, gathered together
as they were in common worship, the blessing was highly valued.
Since 1850 Western Australia had been a penal settlement 5 those
who peopled it were transported there as a last resource ; but it is to
be hoped that even at that distance there might be some chance of
reformation. At first the treatment of the criminals had been of a
reformatory, rather than of a penal, character, and many a little farm
and cultivated spot now existed, bearing witness to the wisdom of
that course. Latterly, owing to the clamour raised by the colonists,
more severe measures were adopted. He then adverted to the different
classes of work carried on, the bush work, the schools, and training
institutions. Native schools were established at King George's
Sound, and an institution at Poonindie, near Port Lincoln. He
regretted that a bishop from Australia was not present to tell how
the work had progressed, as, for example, in Melbourne, where the
clergy had increased from 17 to 114. In Perth the diocese was 1,200
miles from north to south, and 800 miles from east to west, but they
had at present only twelve clergy. Had it not been for the aid given
by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, little, or perhaps
nothing, would have been accomplished. The present view of colonial
Church work ought to inspire a feeling of the deepest gratitude to
Almighty God for the past, and of faith and encouragement for the
future.

The alms collected aaiounted to 21. IQs., and were destined for the
S. P. G.

At four o'clock there was a full congregation ; perhaps everyone

managed to get witbin the church, but a large proportion had only
standing room. After the Litany had been sung (this being one of
the Ember Bays), the Bishop of Vermont, the President of the
United States College of Bishops, preached from Revelations xxii.
17 — ^ And the Spirit and the bride say. Come. And let him that heareth
say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And whosoever will, let
him take the water of life freely.' The preacher, whose venerable
appearance created considerable attention, ably expounded the text in
its various bearings. The bride, which was the Church, continually
said come, but, as the Scripture had said, ^ No man can come unless
the Father draw him,' and ' No man can say that Jesus Christ is Lord
except by the Holy Ghost.' The Church was instituted for the special
purpose of inviting men to come; its ministry sent forth by Christ
Himself, and continued to the present day to say come ; but, more-
over, it was the duty of '■ him that heareth ' likewise to say come ;
and so each and every soul is bound to help the great work according
to his means, and ability, and influence. Had we done so ? Have
we helped to carry on that great work which is to have its consum-
mation in the manifestation of the Sun of Righteousness ? If not, a
sin lies at the door of each. We were all guilty of sins of omission.
The great command was to love the Lord our God with all our heart,
and we should not neglect that command. The world gave us no
victory over the grave ; who, then, would love, the world better than
his God ? We should labour for Him by example and by precept ;
and in the cause of missions the venerable prelate pleaded for increased
Christian love. Christian zeal, and Christian liberality, begging each
and all to remember Him who being rich yet for our sakes became
poor, and to do their part in the allotted work.

The alms were 19/. lOs., and were for the Hawaian Church Fund.

In the evening, at eight o'clock, a large number of clergy were
present, including Eevs. G, B. Hodges, W. C. Finch, W. R. Cosens,
G.F. Townsend, &c., the Right Rev. Dr. J. C. Talbot, Bishop-Coadju-
tor of Indiana, United States, and Bishop Tozer, of the Central African
Mission. The preacher was the Bishop of Montreal, Metropolitan of
Canada. The bishop chose for his text St. John xiv. verse 2 — ' In my
father's house are many mansions.' He remarked that after the Re-
formation tvfo reproaches had been cast against the Church of England
— want of catholicity and of a missionary spirit. The first was
answered by this great gathering of the bishops of our Church from
all parts of the world j the second^ by such gatherings as these to aid

80 ■

the missionary cause. He then gave statistics of the work in his own
diocese, and appealed earnestly for aid. The collection amounted
to 11/.

Sunday^ September 22. — At eight a.m. the early service was a celebra-
tion of Holy Communion. The Rev. W. H. Milraan was the celebrant.

At the midday service, the procession comprised the choir, Eev. R.
D. Blanchard, T. Athawes, T. Debary, Archdeacon Patton (Ontario),
W. T. Veness (Guiana), &g. The vicar. Rev. B. M. Cowie, sung the
first part of the service ; Archdeacon Patton read the first Lesson, and
Rev. T. Debary the second j the Bishop of New Zealand was the cele-
brant at Holy Communion ; the Bishop of Honolulu read the Epistle,
and Bishop Tozer the Gospel. The Bishop of New Zealand was the
preacher ; and it is no reflection on his brethren to say that Bishop
Selwyn's sermon, delivered with extraordinary vigour and eloquence,
so as to completely rivet the attention of the vast congregation, was
the sermon of the series. His lordship having been conducted to the
pulpit by Bishops Staley and Tozer, acting as his chaplains, said the
prayer appointed for private use by the Archbishop, and then gave out
as his text the wurds — ' And some cried one thing and some another,
for the assembly was confused, and the most part knew not wherefore
they were come together' (Acts xix. 32). We cannot do justice to
the sermon by attempting an analysis, and we therefore hope that this,
certainly one of the most remarkable and inspiriting sermons ever
delivered from a Church of England pulpit, will be published. We
give, however, a faint idea of the argument. The bishop said that
popular judgments had been the same in all ages, always springing
from self-conceit. No beam, however great, in one man's eye pre-
vented him from seeing the mote, however small, in his neighbour's
eye. In this, as in many other respects, God's precepts were contrary
to man's practice. With regard to man, there was no check from
within, no sense of unfitness, no consciousness of ignorance, no inward
sense of zeal to counsel charity. Every pharisee had his own pub-
lican to enable him to thank God that he was not as other men were.
For these simple reasons the lessons of one age were applicable to
those of another — human nature would be human nature still. His
lordship, having dwelt forcibly upon the facts connected with the
text, enquired whether there were no cities besides Jerusalem and
Ephesus where men ran to and fro in the streets, some crying one
thing and some another. Was not this the bane of our own day
and our own Church ? There was, however, this difierence. The

Ephesians did not profess to tolerate anotlier man's opinions, neither
did tlie Jews ; the Ephesians were rigid worshippers of the goddess
Diana, the Jews idolised their ceremonial law. We, on the contrary,
were advocates of liberality, comprehensiveness, toleration, freedom of
thought — much of this freedom of thought being simple ignorance and
self-conceit. Men in this age would study the laws of nature, as
though it were a matter of indifference whether they advocated the
doctrines of Aristotle or Copernicus, of Ptolemy or Sir Isaac Newton.
In his own country men digged for gold because it has gold. The
encouragement to dig was not thought an indifferent thing ; it was
not indifferent to the men whether they would find gold or silver ; it
was important to them because an ounce of gold was worth a pound
of silver. So men would dig for truth because it was truth, and not
because there was no difference between truth and error. If there was
no difference, they would not care whether they dug at all or not. He
trusted that in what he was about to say he should give no offence, for
he was open on any point to correction. He had come from a great
distance, not so much to give counsel as to receive it, and everything
he said would be in the spirit of charity. Still, he must ask whether
it was not true that this age, which boasted of its light, its freedom, its
tolerance, its toleration of error in many forms, was not most intolerant
of everything which ran counter to its prejudices and its opinions, or
appealed to authority ? He spoke of all alike. Many of them could
remember when the name of Methodist, however respected now,
was a term of reproach. Honoured names in both our universities
had been held up to scorn. In Cambridge, for instance, for many
years ignorant and thoughtless men treated as a badge of dishonour
the name of one whom all the resident members of the university
afterwards followed to his grave. They would not have to go back
many years to find a parallel of this in our own country. Some of
them would remember how, not many years ago, the city of Exeter
was moved because a elergyman preached in his surplice; the
riots of St.^ George's-in-the-East were still fresh in their memories;
and now how heartrending was the state of the Church in South
Africa ? In this latter case, ^ some were crying one thing and some
another,' because one man high in station will not submit to the godly
admonition of his brethren, and many support that one man a-g-ainst
the almost unanimous voice of the bishops of his Church, not because
they approve of his opinions, but because they look upon him as the
champion of the freedom of thought. There was the idol, and before

that idol men offered up as a sacrifice the peace of the Church. He
woLiki not multiply these painful examples, but would rather say, with
St. Paul, ^ I wot that through ignorance you may haye done this.'
He wished to ask them, from a missionary point of view, to consider
how much these divisions at home had hindered the work of the
Church abroad, for he had no hesitation in saying that the division of
Christians into different bodies was a hindrance to the faith at all
times. He once asked a New Zealand chief, a man of age and rank,
why he refused to be a Christian, and he stretched forth three of
liis fingers, and said, ' I see before me three roads — the Church of
England, the Church of Eome, and the Wesleyans. I have come to
the cross-road, I am sitting down doubting which road to take.' He
sat at that cross-road until a land-slip in a torrent of mud over-
whelmed him and all his family. But it was far more difficult to ex-
plain the divisions which took place within the Church itself, and it
was often said by the New Zealanders, ' To whom do these white
clergymen belong ? ' Is one of Apollos, and another of Cephas ? Is
Christ divided ? With all these troubles disturbing the Church in the
colonies and mission-field, men still professed to wonder why so many
Bishops had come from all parts of the earth to judge in these things.
He would ask, in return, for what purpose was that quiet meeting
held to receive an explanation of St. Paul's ministry ? Like as in the
councils of Nice, Ephesus, and Chalcedon, the bishops met for
brotherly counsel and communion, so now bishops, separated by vast
tracts of land and sea, had come to meet, many of them to see one
another once more, in their native land. They could make no new
declaration of faith, but they could protest from time to time against
new heresies or against the resuscitation of any old heresies that
might be brought to light. Faith was one, truth was one, and there
could be neither faith nor truth where one said one thing, and one
another. And so of worship. He heard there were divisions amongst
them at home, and he partly believed it. It seemed that they lived
in an age of toleration, and yet could not tolerate a garment. For
himself he knew nothing of Kitualism except by report. If at home
they were troubled about ceremonials and vestments, he and other
missionary bishops had had enough to do in teaching their flocks in
wooden churches and straw huts how to understand the Sacraments
and apply them to their special comfort. There might be, and he
hoped there was, a deep symbolism in Ritual in some of their
clnirches here, and he hoped, moreover, that it was a symbolism of

agreement in doctrine, but lie was sure he hoped that no missionary
clergyman would ever adopt it unless he felt quite sure that he was
able to explain its hidden meaning. Of the doctrine itself the united
voice of the Church must judge. The Church had power to ordain
changes, for ceremonies need not in all places be utterly alike. If the
fathers of the Church about to assemble did not succeed, they might
rely on it that they would try again. The bishop, in concluding, said
that the offertory of the day would be devoted to the endowment of
the Bishopric of New Zealand. It had been the last thing in his
thoughts ; but as he had now been a bishop for twenty-five years, he
thought he was fairly entitled to ask that provision might be made
for his successor, in the event of his dying, or being unable to con-
tinue his work. The Church Missionary Society had allowed him
£400 a year, but as the Church of New Zealand was fast losing its
character as a missionary church, and becoming an established insti-
tution, it could hardly be expected that the Society could continue
that grant to his successor, who would only receive £80 a year ; and
lie should be glad to feel that some adequate provision was made.

The alms amounted to £54 lis.

The bishop proceeded with the celebration, a very large number
remaining to communicate.

At half-past six in the evening the church was completely filled.
The procession included the Revs. J. Owen, C. J. Coldwell, L. H. De
Fontaine, R. T>. Blanchard, the Right Rev. Bishop Tozer, and
the Bishop of S. Andrew's, Dunkeld, and Dunblane, the preacher
of the evening, who was obliged, owing to the great heat of the
crowded church, to deliver his sermon from the reading-desk. He
chose as his text Philippians ii. verse 4 — * Look not every man on his
own things, but let every man look also on the things of others.' The
right rev. prelate remarked that in this most fatherly and affectionate
of St. Paul's Epistles there was more urging of the spirit of love to each
other than in any other part of Scripture. Even at that time there
was diversity ; some preached Christ not of love, but of contention ;
some differed and contradicted, and the maintenance of unanimity
seemed impossible ; but, so far from acquiescing in the expediency or
necessity of disagreement, nothing could be more decisive than
the apostle's disavowal. It was the one topic to which he alluded
most frequently. Happy would it have been both for England and
Scotland if the Church had taken for its guidance the injunctions of
the Apostle, and to have looked w^itli love and sympathy upon the life

of each other. Such a spirit was exemplified in the seventh century
when bishops from Scotland created an influence for good upon
the whole Church north of the Thames ; but later on a dijfferent spirit
was shown, an attempt to make one stronger than the other^ and
that too at a time when it was more than ever necessary that they
should unite together against the encroachments of Rome, and to
streng-then the hands of each other in throwing off the yoke of foreign
tyranny. This was shown when, by the assistance of Queen Elizabeth,
the Scottish Reformers were enabled to do so much, and it was then
acknowledged in the most solemn manner at a public thanksgiving at
Edinburgh ; but unhappily the determination of Mary to stand by the
cause of Rome, and the political and family intrigues which thus
ensued, led to such complications that unity appeared hopeless and im-
practicable. It had been often remarked that the Reformation in
Scotland took place a century too soon — this was owing to the back-
wardness of civilisation in social life, which prevented the establish-
ment of the Church upon a firm and enduring fomidation. There was no
suflicieut authority to influence or curb the rapacity of the nobles during
the minority of James, when it was notorious that many joined the
ranks of the reformers solely for the sake of the spoil, and others were
obliged to tolerate the spoliation which they could not prevent. When
in 1603 the crown became united in the person of James, he naturally
desired, under the advice of Lord Chancellor Bacon, to put an end to
disagreement, and to combine against Rome, and publicly proclaimed
this desire before leaving Edinburgh ; but one great obstacle to this
was that want of the necessary qualities for carrying on the government
under the enlarged scale involved in the union of the crowns which
it could not be denied was a characteristic of the Stuarts, and even
when the three Scottish prelates were consecrated by the four English
bishops they were looked upon on their return more as the preachers
of the crown than as heads of the Church. The bishop continued to
trace in a masterly and complete manner the history of the Scottish
Church to the present time. The discourse lasted fully an hour in its
delivery.

After the sermon, the vicar stated that it had been considered that
some expression of thanksgiving to Almighty God should take place,
and that no more appropriate way of doing so could be found than by
chanting our most solemn hymn of praise, the Te JDcum, and this was
accordingly done, the whole congregation joining.

The alms for a misssion in Perth amounted to £14 Is. 9c?.

85 ^ ;

The following Hymns were used at these Services : — \

Hymn 1. ' - '^

FEOM Greenland's icy mountains, ]

From India's coral strand, !

Where Afric's sunny fountains !

Roll down their golden sand, i

From many an ancient river, ;

From many a palmy plain, ;

They call us to deliver ''.

Their land from error's chain. j

What though the spicy breezes . }

Blow soft o'er Ceylon's isle, • ■:!

Though every prospect pleases, -j

And only man is vile ; '

In vain with lavish kindness J

The gifts of God are strewn, <

The heathen in his blindness 1

Bows down to wood and stone.

Can we whose souls are lighted k

With wisdom from on high, ■

Can we to men benighted ;

The lamp of life deny ? i

Salvation ! oh, salvation ! ',

The joyful sound proclaim, I

Till each remotest nation ^

Has learnt Messiah's I^ame. |

Waft, waft, ye winds, His story^ :j

And you, ye waters, roll, j

Till like a sea of glory J

It spreads from pole to pole ; ]

Till o'er our ransomed nature ., j

The Lamb for sinners slain, -<

Eedeemer, King, Creator, ;

In bliss returns to reign. Amen, ^

Hymn 2. i

THE earth, 0 Lord, is one wide field 'i

Of all Thy chosen seed ; )

The crop prepared its fruit to yield; j

The labourers few indeed. <

Therefore we come before Thee now ■•

With words of humble prayer, ^

Beseeching of Thy love that Thou •
Wouldst send more labourers there.

Not for our land alone we pra}'.
Though that above the rest.

The realms and islands far awa^-,
0 let them all be blest !

Endue the Bishops of Thy flock
With wisdom and with grace.

Against false doctrine, like a rock,
To set the heart and face.

To all Thy Priests Thy truth reveal.
And make Tliy judgments clear ;

Make Thou Thy Deacons full of zeal,
And humble, and sincere.

Give to their flocks a lowly mind

To hear and to obey ;
That each and all may mercy find

At Thine appearing day. Amen,

Hymn 3.

THOU Whose almighty Word
Chaos and darkness heard.
And took their flight,
Hear us we humbly pray.
And where the Grospel-clay
Sheds not its glorious ray
Let there be light !

Thou, Who didst come to bring
On Thy redeeming wing

Healing and light,
Health to the sick in mind.
Sight to the inly blind,
Oh, now to all mankind

Let there be light !

Spirit of truth and love,
Life-giving, holy Dove,

Speed forth Thy flight ;
Move on the waters' face,
Spreading the beams of grace,
And in earth's darkest place

Let there be light !

Bless&d and Holy Three,
Glorious Trinity,

Grace, Love, and Might ;
Boundless as ocean's tide,
Rolling in fullest pride.
Through the world, far and wide,

Let there be light ! Amen.

87 \

Hymn 4. }

OCOME, 0 come, Emmanuel, 1

And ransom captive Israel ; . ■

That mourns in lonely exile here, ■'■

Until the Son of God appear, -.1

Eejoice! Eejoice! Emmanuel ;

Shall come to thee, 0 Israel ! :

O come, Thou Rod of Jesse, free • ]

Thine owaa from Satan's tyranny ; ]

Erom depths of hell Thy people save, J

And give them victory o'er the grave, I

Eejoice ! Rejoice J Emmanuel 1

Sha,ll come to thee, 0 Israel! i

0 come. Thou Day-Spring, come and cheer j

Our spirits by Thine Advent here ; •:

Disperse the gloomy clouds of night, ',

And death's dark shadov/s put to flight. ,■:

Rejoice ! Rejoice ! Emmanuel «

Shall come to thee, 0 Israel ! ^

O come, Thou Key of David, come |j

And open wide our heavenly home ; - %

Make safe the way that leads on high, -i

And close the path to misery. :;

Rejoice ! Rejoice ! Emmanuel -i

Shall come to thee, 0 Israel ! I

O come, 0 come. Thou Lord of Might ! |

"Wlio to Thy tribes, on Sinai's height, ]

In ancient times didst give tlie law, -'

In cloud, and majesty, and awe. • ■

Rejoice ! Rejoice ! Emmanuel \

Shall come to thee, 0 Israel ! Ameu. * i

Hymn 5.

HAIL to the Lord's Anointed,
G-reat David's greater Son !
Hail, in the time appointed,
His reign on earth begun !
He comes to break oppression.

To set the captive free ;
To take away transgression.
And rule in equity.

He shall come down like showers

Upon the fruitful earth,
And joy and hope, like flowers,

Spring in His path to birth;
Before Him on the mountains

Shall Peace, the herald, go ;
From hill to vale the fountains

Of righteousness o'erflow.

88 I

Kings shall bow clown before Him, 1

And gold and incense bring ; j
All nations shall adore Him, . \

His praise all people sing; '

To Him shall prayer iinceasing ;

And daily vows ascend ; ;

His kingdom still increasing, \

A kingdom without end. j

O'er every foe victorious, ' j

He on His throne shall rest : i

From age to age more glorious, '

All-blessing and all-blessed :
The tide of time shall never

His covenant remove ;
His Name shall stand for ever, 'i

His changeless Name of Love. j

Ameii. .i

Hymn 6. j

SONGS of praise the angels sang, j

Heaven with Alleluias rang, j

When creation was begun, j

When Grod spake and it was done. ;

Songs of praise awoke the morn •;

When the Prince of Peace was born ; \

Songs of praise arose when He \
Captive led captivity.

Heaven and earth must pass away.

Songs of praise shall crown that day : :

God will make new heaven and earth, \

Songs of praise shall hail their birth. j

And will man alone be dumb '

Till that glorious kingdom come ? j

No, the Church delights to raise ;
Psalms and hymns and songs of praise.

Saints below, with heart and voice.

Still in songs of praise rejoice ; :

Learning here, by faith and love, ■

Songs of praise to sing above. \

Hymns of glory, songs of praise.

Father, unto Thee we raise ; ,;

Jesu, glory unto Thee,

With the Spirit, ever be. Amen.

Hymn 7.

WE love the place, 0 God, ,;

Wherein Thine honour dwells ; \
The joy of Thine abode

All earthly joy excels. '\

89 i

It is the House of prayer, j

Wherein Thy servants meet ; j

And Thou, 0 Lord, art there i

Thy chosen flock to greet. -i

We love the sacred Font ; , i

•j
■i

For there the Holy Dove
To pour is ever wont
His blessing from above-.

We love Thine Altar, Lord ;
Oh, what on earth so dear ?
For there, in faith adored,
We find Thy Presence near.

We love the Word of Life,
The Word that tells of peace,
Of comfort in the strife,
And joys that never cease.

We love to sing below
For mercies freely given ;
But oh ! we long to know
The triumph-song of heaven.

Lord Jesus, give us grace

On earth to love Thee more,

In heaven to see Thy face.

And with Thy saints adore. Amen.

Hymn 8.

THE Son of God goes forth to war,
A kingly crown to gain,
His blood-red banner streams afar :
Who follows in His train ?

Who best can drink his cup of woe.

Triumphant over pain,
Who patient bears his cross below,

He follows in His train.

The martyr first, whose eagle eye
Could pierce beyond the grave,

Who saw his Master in the sky,
And called on Him to save.

Like Him, with pardon on his tongue,

In midst of mortal pain.
He prayed for them that did the wrong :

Who follows in his train ?

A glorious band, the chosen few

On whom the Spirit came,
Twelve valiant saints,their hope theyknew

And mocked the cross and flame.

90 i

They met the tyrant's brandished steel, i

The lion's gory mane,

They bowed their necks, the death to feel : ]

Who follows in their train ? j

A noble army, men and boys, i

The matron and the maid,

Around the Saviour's throne rejoice, '

In robes of light arrayed. ;

They climbed the steep ascent of heaven \

Through peril, toil, and pain ; ;

0 God, to us may grace be given ■
To follow in their train ! Amen.

Hymn 9,

0 PARADISE ! 0 Paradise !
Who doth not crave for rest ?
Who would not seek the happy land,
Where they that love are blest ?
Where loyal hearts and true.

Stand ever in the light.
All rapture through and through
In God's most holy sight.

O Paradise ! 0 Paradise !

The world is growing old ;
Who would not be at rest and free

Where love is never cold ?
Where loyal hearts, &c.

0 Paradise ! 0 Paradise !
'Tis weary waiting here ;

1 lojig to be where Jesus is,

To feel, to see Him near.
Where loyal hearts, &c.

0 Paradise ! 0 Paradise

I want to sin no more ! 1

I want to be as pure on earth j

As on thy spotless shore. ]

Where loyal hearts, &c. 1

0 Paradise ! 0 Paradise ! :

I greatly long to see 'j

The special House my dearest Lord
Is furnishing for me.

Where loyal hearts, &c.

0 Paradise ! 0 Paradise ! i

I feel 'twill not be long ; 5

Patience ! I almost think I hear j

Faint fragments of thy soug. ;

Where loyal hearts, &c. Amen. i

Hymn 10.

CHRIST is made the sure Foundation,
Christ the Head and Corner-stone,
Chosen of the Lord, and precious,
Binding all the Church in one,
Holy Sion's help for ever,
And her confidence alone.

All that dedicated City,

Dearly loved of God on high,

In exultant jubilation
Pours perpetual melody ;

God, the One in Three, adoring,
In glad hymns eternally.

To this Temple, where we call Thee,
Come, 0 Lord of Hosts, to-day :

With Thy wonted loving-kindness.
Hear Thy servants as they pray ;

And Thy fullest benediction
Shed within its walls alway.

Here vouchsafe to all Thy servants
What they ask of Thee to gain.

What they gain from Thee for ever
With the blessed to retain,

And hereafter in Thy glory
Evermore with Thee to reign.

Praise and honour to the Pather,
Praise and honour to the Son,

Praise and honour to the Spirit,
Ever Three and ever One,

One in might, and One in glory.
While eternal ages run.

Hymn 11.

FOR thee, 0 dear, dear Country,
Mine eyes their vigils keep ;
For very love, beholding

Thy happy name, they weep.

The m^ention of thy glory

Is unction to the breast,
And medicine in sickness.

And love, and life, and rest,

0 one, 0 only Mansion !

0 Paradise of Joy !
Where tears are ever banished,

And smiles have no alloy ;

The Lamb is all thy splendoui'.

The Crucified thy praise ;
His laud and benediction

Thy ransomed people raise.

With jasper glow thy bulwarks,
Thy streets with emeralds blaze

The sardius and the topaz
Unite in thee their rays !

Thine ageless walls are bonded
With amethyst unpriced ;

The saints build up its fabric,
And the corner-stone is Christ.

Thou hast no shore, fair ocean !

Thou hast no time, bright day !
Dear fountain of refreshment

To pilgrims far away !

Upon the Kock of Ages
They raise thy holy tower ;

Thine is the victors laurel.
And thine the golden dower.

0 sweet and blessed country,
The Home of God's elect !

0 sweet and blessed country.
That eager hearts expect !

Jesu, in mercy bring us
To that dear land of rest ;

Who art, with God the Father,
And Spirit, ever blest. Amen.

Hymn 12.

TERUSALEM the golden !
fJ With milk and honey blest ;
Beneath thy contemplation
Sink heart and voice opprest ;

1 know not, oh, I know not

What joys await us there ;
What radiancy of glory,

What bliss beyond compare !

They stand, those halls of Sion,

All jubilant with song,
And bright with many an angel.

And all the martyr throng :

The Prince is ever in them,

The daylight is serene ;
The pastures of the blessed

Are decked in glorious sheen.

There is the throne of David ;

And there, from care released,
The shout of them that triumph,

The song of them that feast ;

And they, who with their Leader
Have conquered in the fight,

For ever and for ever

Are clad in robes of white.

0 sweet and blessed country,

The Home of God's elect !
0 sweet and blessed country,

That eager hearts expect !

Jesu, in mercy bring us

To that dear land of rest ;
Who art, with Grod the Father,

And Spirit, ever blest. Amen. .

Hymn 13.

BEEAD of heaven, on Thee we fed,
For Thy Flesh is meat indeed ;
Ever may our souls be fed
With this true and living Bread ;
Day by day with strength supplied
Through the life of Him Who died.

Vine of heaven, Thy Blood supplies

This blest cup of sacrifice ;

Lord, Thy Wounds our healing give,

To Thy Cross we look and live :

Jesus, may we ever be

Grafted, rooted, built in Thee. Amen,

iffymn 14.

THEE we adore, 0 hidden Saviour, Thee,
Who in Thy Sacrament dost deign to
be;
Both flesh and spirit at Thy presence fail.
Yet here Thy presence we devoutly hail.

0 blest Memorial of our dying Lord,
Who living Bread to men doth here afford !
0 may our souls for ever feed on Thee,
And Thou, 0 Christ, for ever precious be.

Fountain of goodness, Jesu, Lord and God,

Cleanse us, unclean, with Thy most cleans-
ing Blood ;

Increase our faith and love, that we may
know

The hope and peace which from Thy pre-
sence flow.

0 Christ, Whom now beneath a veil we see,
May what we thirst for soon our portion be.
To gaze on Thee, and see with unveiled face
The vision of Thy glory and Thy grace.
Amen.

Hymn 16.

SWEET Sav-ioiir, bless us ere we go ;
Thy word into our minds instil ;
And make our lukewarm hearts to glow

With lowly love and fervent will.
Through life's long day and death's dark

night,
O gentle Jesu, he our Light.

The day is gone, its hours have run,
And Thou hast taken count of all,

The scanty triumphs grace hath won,
The broken vow, the frequent fall.

Through life's long day, &c.

Grant us, dear Lord, from evil ways

True absolution and release ;
And bless us, more than in past days,

AVith purity and inward peace.
Through life's long day, &c.

Do more than pardon, give us joy,

Sweet fear, and sober liberty,
And simple hearts without alloy

That only long to be like Thee.
Through life's long day, &c.

Labour is sweet, for Thou hast toiled ;

And care is light, for Thou hast cared ;
Ah ! never let our works be soiled

With strife, or by deceit ensnared.
Tlirough life's long day, &e.

For all we love, the poor, the sad,
The sinful, unto Thee we call ;

0 let Thy mercy make us glad :
Thoii art our Jesu, and our All.

Through life's lung day, &c. Amen.

Hymn 16.

SUN of my soul. Thou Saviour dear,
It is not night if Thou be near :
0 may no earth-born cloud arise
To hide Thee from Thy servant's eyes.

When 1 he soft dews of kindly sleep
My wearied eyelids gently steep,
Be my last thought how sweet to rest
For ever on my Saviour's breast.

Abide with me from morn till eve.
For without Thee I cannot live ;
Abide with me when ni.!,ht is nigli,
For without Thee I dare not die.

If some poor wandering child of Thine 1

Have spurned to-day the voice divine, ]

Now, Lord, the gracious work begin ; i

Let him no more lie down in sin. I

Watch by the sick ; enrich the poor ;'

With blessings from Thy boundless store ; ^

Be every mourner's sleep to-night, ]

Like infant's slumbers, pure and light. ?

Come near and bless us when we wake, 1

Ere through the world our way we take ; '\

Till in the ocean of Thy love 1

We lose ourselves in heaven above. Amen. ]

Hymn 17. ]

ONWARD, and onward still, ;

0 armies of our God ! \

Till your victorious legions fill :

All realms by mortals trod. i

On, with the ceaseless motion, zj]

On, with the mighty voice si

Of the resistless ocean ; -|

Bid farthest lands rejoice. J

Lift high to every nation '-l

The banner of the Cross : j

Sound your war-cry — ' Salvation ! ' - ]

Fear neither scorn nor loss. ^\

Though not with_ mortal legions, I

Nor earthly throne ye fight ; •

In his own gloomy regions

Ye brave the Prince of Night. ■

But raise your eyes adoring, j

Your glorious Leader see ; 1

Bright hosts around Him pouring, ■;

He comes with victory. t

Then onward, onward still, 1

0 armies of our God !

Till your victorious legions fill '•

All lands by mortals trod. 1

Kymn 18. \

HIGH to our great Redeemer • j

Triumphant anthems rai^e ; i

Fill all earth's mightiest echoes J

With His transcendent praise. ;

Thou art, O Man, the Soul ]

Of all this vast creation, \

Fill it in fullest unison \

With that great word— Salvation I j

Weak and imperfect anthems,

Voices untuned and low,
Unworthy Hallelujahs

We offer here below.
But Faith beholds Heaven open

Unto the ransom'd throngs,
Singing with angel-voices

Nobler than angel's songs.

Hail to Thee, great Redeemer,

The ransom'd myriads sing ;
All kindreds, peoples, nations,

To Him their praises bring.
Through the golden gates of Zion

With ardent love they press ;
And this their mighty pass-word —

' The Lord our Righteousness.'

E'en now the crystal arches

Reverberate the hymn
Of thousand times ten thousand

Redeemed ones entering in.
Earth, catch the glorious echo !

Christians, awake, arise!
And in melodious thunder

Restore it to the skies.

Hail to Thee, great Redeemer !

We sing with grateful breath
For Hope that comforts sorrow.

For Faith that conquers death.
Glory to Thee, Redeemer !

Glory from shore to shore ;
Till in the Land of Glory

We praise Thee, evermore.

A SERMON

PEEACHED IN THE PAEISH CHUKCH OF S. LAWEENCE

Sunday Moening, September 29, 1867,

f!]t least. 0f S. ptijad m\h Jill JingHs,

THE VICAK.

Exodus xii. 26.

What mean ye hy this service ?

When I last addressed you from this place, I tried to stir
you to some enthusiasm in the cause of Christ's kingdom ;
to enlist your sympathies, your natural feelings of sym-
pathy with great and magnificent enterprise, in the
greatest of all causes — the cause of Him whose sway is to
be universal in extent and duration— the kingdom of Grod
Incarnate, our Saviour and our Judge.

I called on you to come * in crowds,' to join heartily in
prayer and praise, to stir yourselves to high and holy
thoughts, and seek to know from the lips of those who are
in the van of the army, what is even now the progress
and success of the Cross of Christ. I did it with but faint
hopes of a large result. I knew that the meetings from
time to time called together to aid in the missionary work
of the Church, in this rich and prosperous city, are a dis-
grace to it, so few are the attendants, so scanty the offer-
ings. A busy and indefatigable neighbour of ours has
persevered as Secretary to the S. P. Gr. in the City, but
even he is almost wearied with the work when he finds
such languid response to his efforts.

I did not, therefore, anticipate that when we should
reassemble in these walls to our ordinary service I should
have to congratulate you and heartily thank Grod for the
wonderful success which has attended our efforts. The
enthusiastic, hearty co-operation of clergy and laity, the

100

eagerness with which our young men have flocked to the
church, the attendance of great numbers of poor people
and their delighted exclamations at our songs of praise, the
way in which all seem to have contributed out of their
small means to the good work — all these things have
been sources of happiness, and deep gratitude to Almighty
Grod. The eyes of the whole country seemed to be turned
towards this central spot in the City. The cold and incor-
rect notices of what we were doing, given by the public
press, gradually changed into warm, exact, and encouraging
words ; and, finally, the universal acknowledgment of a
success unexpectedly achieved to an extent we had never
ourselves contemplated — all this has overwhelmed me with
joy and thankfulness.

Now I congratulate you, my brethren, on this result.
When our church was reopened, a remark from one of
our parishioners passed which rung in my ears, although
I said little about it : ' We have got everything now, ex-
cept a congregation.' I could not but remember this
several times during the week, and I thought to myself,
' God has shown us how we may induce the multitude to
throng into His house.' We hoped, indeed, for good con-
gregations, but did not dare to anticipate what we actually
saw. You know then, my friends, that it is possible for a
City church to be well filled, and that not on one day only,
but from day to day, early and late, on Sunday and on the
week-day. To what special causes shall we attribute it ?

First and foremost, a desire to hear from the lips of
apostolic men the details of the conflict against the Evil
One, all over the dependencies of the empire and through
the United States of America, the results and present con-
dition of missionary effort everywhere.

How many have stood in this place, whom to name is
to call up at once feelings of veneration and love ! I will

101

mention only three of the chief pastors of the Church.
The Venerable Bishop Hopkins of Vermont, the President
of the American College of Bishops : — He is seventy-five
years of age, and has held the episcopal office thirty-five
years. He is a keen and able controversialist against
Eome, but a defender of ritualism. To some who know
little about the matter this may seem a strange combina-
tion of characteristics, but I advise all who wish to see
what a strong and energetic Protestant has to say in
favour of a grand and impressive ritual to get his little
book, which is republished in England for a shilling, and
read it. I shall not say more about him here; but, in
connexion with the American Church, I will remind you of
a fact which the Bishop of Ehode Island mentioned, which
made a very deep impression on me. He told us that all
the old Puritan congregations of New England had, with
scarcely an exception, fallen away from the faith and
become Unitarian, and that the Church, in communion
with our own, was gathering in by thousands the weary
souls who could find no comfort in that hard and cold
system. This is a warning to us especially. There are
many things which should admonish us that the tendency
to Puritanism is a dangerous and deceitful one. It is a
warning we need in the City.

Then I think with great pleasure that the Metropolitan
Bishop of New Zealand has occupied this pulpit, a Fellow
of my own college and a brother of one of my most valued
friends, the Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Cam-
bridge, and one who gave up what are called 'great pro-
spects' at home to endeavour to convert theNew^ Zealanders
to the faith of Christ. Through discouragement and
against opposition, he has nobly and persistently worked
on, till those savage islands, formerly inhabited by canni-
bals, now contain six dioceses ; and there is besides, under

102

his metropolitan supervision, one missionary district of the
South Pacific isles, with a vast number of English and
native clergy. Is not this an encouraging and cheering
fact to put against the sneers and scoffs of unbelievers at
home ? We heard his manly voice protesting against the
great sin of our day — indifferent infidelity — which, under
the name of * Freedom of Thought ' (noble words, under
which too often lurk ignorance and self-conceit) is
attempting to destroy that Church against which the waves
may beat and the storm rage in vain ; for it is founded on
the Eock of Ages, and has the promise from Him who
cannot err, that it shall outlast all human institutions. To
hear one so noble in character, self-devotion, and intellect,
possessed of the highest gifts and grace to use them all in
God's service, stand up here and deliver this noble testi-
mony, was a privilege which might well be sought by an
eager crowd.

And then I will speak only of one more — the Metropo-
litan of South Africa, Bishop Grray, who has had the most
terrible of conflicts with one who had walked with him in
the House of God as a friend ; who, in addition to the
battle against Satan for the souls now detained in heathen
captivity, has had the task devolved upon him of defend-
ing the fundamental truths of Christianity, the atonement,
and the divinity of the Lord, against one of his suffragans.
That in such an awful and difficult position he should
have been able to proceed with so little irregularity, and
that the main points of the faith have been vindicated with
such success that the Episcopal Church in America at once
ratified the decision, although the lay judges here consi-
dered that the proceedings were not formal, and therefore
could only carry a moral weight — this is, I think, a subject
of gratitude. The power of enforcing decrees by depriva-
tion may be wanting, but the moral effect produced on

103

many who are disturbed when their teachers give an un-
certain sound, is a counterbalancing good. Oh that the
Spirit of God may have guided our right reverend fathers
in Grod to sound and wholesome conclusions in their recent
deliberations, that the faithful may be comforted and the
faithless aroused !

I esteem it an honour, and a warning to me to walk in
the same path, that the Bishop of Capetown has delivered
to you a message from Grod in this place in which I now
stand.

, I say our success is due to the desire of men to hear
and see the valiant soldiers of the faith, in the first place.

In the next, it is due to the heartiness, impressive-
ness, and solemnity of our services. When the praises of
God are sung with energy and hearty sincerity, as they
were by our choir and congregation, it is impossible but
that this energy and heartiness should awaken the enthu-
siasm of the torpid, and lead them on to better and holier
thoughts than they had before. Strangers — dissenters of
every form of dissent — have been struck by our thoroughly
noble service. The Jew and the Greek, the Eomanist and
the Protestant dissenter, have all confessed that there
were signs in our service of life and love ; and they have
been induced to commend and admire our charity in the
fact that men of different schools of theology had been led
to join in one continuous stream of praise to Him who is
the One Lord, the Head of the Church ; in whom, not-
withstanding our minor differences, all our affections are
centred, and who, I venture to affirm, has poured down an
abundant blessing on many whose hearts were opened by
divine influence, on many who were confirmed in their
allegiance to the faith, who have gone from these sacred
walls with awakened or strengthened resolve to give them-
selves to Him who died for them.

104

I shall, I hope, never forget the influence produced on
my own mind and heart by the noble sounds which carried
up to heaven the aspirations and hopes of hundreds of
worshippers, here assembled. In spite of fatigue and
anxiety, the week we spent in Grod's immediate service
liere^ has been one of the happiest weeks of my life. I
pray heartily to our Heavenly Father to confirm and
strengthen in me the confidence and trust in His holy
promise to be with and in those who love Him, who try to
honour Him with their gifts, and whose earnest desire it is
to be ofathered into His eternal arms when the conflict of
life is ended.

As I have expressed, on my own behalf and on yours,
my gratitude to those who spake to us the word of exhor-
tation, so I must now say how deeply I am indebted for
the gracious and glorious result to those who led the
congregation in our solemn acts of praise. When I
remember that with most of them it was the time allotted
to relaxation from daily tasks which they gave to the ser-
vice of Grod and His temple, that it was with self-sacrifice
and devotion that they came here daily to the solemn
thanksgiving and prayer, that they sought the House of
Grod rather than take what in many cases was needful rest,
I am sure that a blessing must attend such efforts, that
their hearts were in the right place, and I here, for myself
and their other fellow-worshippers, most heartily and
energetically thank them for their co-operation.

The test of success in the City of London is generally
considered to be the pecuniary test. Well, take this test, and
what do we find? that nearly ^300 has been given in sums
not exceeding half-a-crown. I conclude that our offerings
are the offerings mainly of those whose means were small,
and that nearly all have been moved to do something for
the srreat work.

105

And is this of no value ? Is it not certain that results
which must be promoted by the alms of the faithful, rest
on a sound basis when those alms are the aggregate small
gifts of thousands ? We all know how, in the present day,
co-operation of small capitalists has been found the means
of achieving great commercial and industrial enterprises.
Depend upon it, this is the way to strengthen the hands of
our chief associations for Church purposes, such as the
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel and the Bishop
of London's Fund. The pence of the poor are the real
strength of such efforts. A man who gives £5 may not
be able to repeat his gift often, but the hundred persons
who gave a shilling each can repeat the gift often ; and so
twelve poor men giving a penny each, are more certain
contributors of the same sum in the future, than the poor
man who gives a shilling which he can devote to Grod's
service with difficulty.

Our offerings, I maintain, have been mainly the offer-
ings of persons of small means, and I ask you if it is not
a very long time since a missionary effort in the City of
London has produced such a sum as ^336 9s. 2d. in one
church, chiefly by contributions of very small amount.

Now, it is not to be supposed that such success is un-
attended by the hatred of the world and the malice of
Satan. When S. Paul found that at Philippi he made an
unexpected success, how does he announce it to the
Corinthian Church ? — A great door and effectual is opened
unto me, and there are many adversaries. So it was not
to be expected that we should be without this warning
also. It is good for us to remember this, that we may
ascribe to God all the glory, and humble ourselves before
Him for anything in which we may unwittingly have
offended them that really love the Lord Jesus Christ.

The encouragement, indeed, has been beyond our

106

expectations, and the discouragement very small indeed ;
but I will not leave any one an excuse for being offended,
and will therefore notice all the definite objections which
have come to me. Some points in our ceremonial
have alarmed the timid. Eecollect that my object was to
gather together all who would heartily join — High Church
and Low Church — in one grand offering of praise and in
one act of duty. I had to take all those who (unlike
myself) do not consider these differences as of minor im-
portance, and enlist them in a common service, which
should be as impressive as we could make it. Our volun-
teer choir is gathered from many churches, where there is
much greater attention paid to ceremonial than is the
case in this church. The preachers and clergy, w^ho came
to help me, had probably different views as to the best
method of conducting divine service. I wished all to be
represented, and in all matters in which they were con-
scientiously scrupulous, to let them ail have their own
way as much as possible. When one of our preachers
wished not to appear in a surplice in the pulpit — a custom
most consonant with choral service — I agreed at once, and
was glad that this discrepancy in a small matter should be
marked, that all might see its real insignificance. Of
course, on the other hand, those who were accustomed to
some bodily reverences which I do not adopt myself, were
also not restrained from them. They did indeed, in some
cases, refrain from them, in order to prevent misunder-
standings. But when they did not, it was very difficult
to condemn a reverence which was in excess. If we
tolerate, as we unfortunately must from the habits of
our people, much irreverence, such as standing and sitting
when others kneel to pray, sitting when others stand to
praise, it is marvellous to me that men should be intole-
rant of practices of prostration, or bowing to the east.

107 *

which are indications of a somewhat superfluous zeal for
reverential posture.

Besides these things, I am told there were crosses worn
by some. As I do not wear a cross myself, it might be
supposed that I should oppose it in others. No such thing.
Our women wear crosses as ornaments without any rebuke ;
why should it be considered sinful for a man to wear a
cross ? It seems to me that these are matters indifferent.
A]l should in such things follow their conscientious guid-
ance, always endeavouring, however, not to give offence
unnecessarily ; but if anyone thought that laying aside
the cross was the surrender of a conviction that the cross
of Christ should be ever present to our minds, then I
should not urge it. Mark me well : I do not myself think
there is any virtue in such outward ornaments ; but every
one must bear his own burden.

The presentation of our alms on the altar or holy table
(both terms are, I am convinced. Scriptural, and according
to the usage of our Church), has been described as * bless-
ing the alms,' and objected to. It was no such thing; it
was ^ reverently ' placing the alms before God ; and when
I knelt down, it was to ask Him graciously to accept our
imperfect offering. Is it wrong to ask Grod to bless our
efforts? Can they be successful without His blessing?
Are we to assume that, as a matter of course. His blessing
comes when we do not ask for it ? It was asking Grod to
bless the alms ; and this I consider to be essential to any
offering, whether accompanied by an outward gesture of
kneeling, or only an inward mental prayer.

And then our * procession ' was called Popish. There
were no banners, no cross ; nothing but a simple, orderly
walking into church and out of it, singing Grod's praise.
Now, in our cathedrals, the choir and clergy generally
walk in procession, and the organ plays while they gain

108

their places. Surely the singing a hymn is more rational
than listening to an irrational instrument of melody.
Besides, processions are scriptural. It is well seen how tJiou
goest, Jiovj Thou, my God and King, goest in the sanctuary.
The singers go before, the minstrels folloiv after; in the
midst are the damsels 'playing with the timbrels. And
therefore, being orderly, producing solemn feelings, and
being in harmony with Scripture, I cannot allow any reason
in the objection. To say that Papists use them, is no argu-
ment for our neglect of them. The Papists use the Lord's
Prayer and the Creed ; are we therefore to reject their use ?
Whatever is edifying, whatever is seemly, I would adopt,
whether I took it from the Papists or the Methodists. All
that is good in itself let us take from them, that they may
not be able to boast over us of their superior advantages.

I shall not dwell on these things any longer ; I have
perhaps given too much time to them. The objections
are to my mind captious and frivolous, and scarcely worth
a thought. In fact, they are not worth a thought, except
in the sense that, if unansw^ered, they may cause divisions.
But I spare you. Let us dwell again on the larger and
more inspiriting side of the question. Twenty-four
bishops have been present and joined in our services*
They have come from east and w^est, from the north and
from -the south. We have assembled men of all shades of
theological conviction, to receive them. High and low,
rich and poor, have joined with the leaders of the hosts of
the Lord in divine worship, in prayer and praise, and
holy communion. Is not this a result worth exertion and
toil ? None, indeed, of our efforts are worth mentioning,
when we think of Him whom we were endeavouring to
honour. But you have in this brief explanation the
answer to the words of my text —

What mean ye by this service"?

109

We mean a united welcome to the valiant men who have
fought for the Lord against evil and the enemy of souls ; a
hearty and enthusiastic reception of them and their words ;
a warm sympathy with their work and devotedness ; and
union on the common basis of the Church of England, in
devout prayer and grateful praise. I wished that all these
prelates from distant lands should see that there was a real
and cordial bond of vmity at home, notwithstanding wordy
warfare and party bigotry. Let not, my friends, such a
glorious and truly Christian and patriotic attempt be
marred by any petty and frivolous carping at details. Eaise
jovLT thoughts above. Eead the account of the service of
Grod in heaven. How can anyone who prefers a mono-
tonous reading to loud hymns and songs of praise find any
enjoyment in heaven, where the service before Grod is all
described as the highest exercise of those natural powers
which are employed in choral worship ? There, is one con-
tinued adoration ; the book of Eevelation tells us of the
most magnificent ceremonial, of the grandest of choirs :
think of that. Let it fill your hearts, and remember that
envy and malice and all uncharitableness must be purged
out of our hearts before we can enter God's temple on
high. Let this be one result of our service, that we are
more deeply and earnestly resolved to obey our blessed
Lord and Master, that we may not fail to secure His
heavenly promises.

And as to you, my friends, who are more specially the
object of my care — the inhabitants of this parish who are
habitual frequenters of the church — let me entreat your
kind forgiveness for the discomfort you have experienced
from the thronging of strangers to the services. I know
that you will be glad to do so now, when the inconvenience
is abated. It was a defect in our arrangements that we
Gould not secure to habitual attendants at church their

usual seats ; but you will, I know, feel with me, that on
so great and special an occasion it was some compensation
for such disarrangement that so many have been inte-
rested in a good and holy work. Nevertheless, I think it
right thus publicly to ask you to forgive the discomfort
which you had to undergo. As to all other matters, with
which some persons, chiefly those who never come to the
church at all, have found fault, I have already said all
that I have to say.

But these things are to me so small, compared with the
grand and important testimony which has been borne to
the life of the Church in the centre of this great city,
where it was said that all was so lifeless and dull, that I
cannot with patience rest up'on them.

I think the noblest testimony the parish could give to
the truth of Grod, and their intelligent comprehension of
my design — unity on the broad basis of love to our com-
mon Lord — would be that they should assemble together,
and tender to me once more, for real, true work as their
Vicar, the thanks which they have so often given me for
very inferior services rendered to them. Your church has
been filled, its name spread throughout the country as
that of a church where a noble reception has been given
by the people to our American and Colonial Fathers in
Christ, with an unwonted enthusiasm, and you should
show your sympathy with so great and glorious a result,
by a handsome donation towards the expenses incurred.
I have such faith in the response of generous Christian
hearts, that I have undertaken them all at my own risk,
and mean to hand over to the different societies and
missions the full sums collected for them. For I attach a
special value to the gifts of the poor ; my heart is moved
when Tsee the very poorest anxious to cast in their mite
into the treasury 'of the Lord. I Avill not withdraw a

Ill

single penny from the alms of the faithful for our
expenses. Let us all live above the littlenesses of life ;
contemn the differences which the devil is always trying
to magnify into matters of importance, and resolve, while
the echoes of our praises are still ringing in our ears and
have not died out from the walls of the church, to tell all
our friends who ask us, What mean ye by this service?
— we mean this : a public testimony to the unity of the
Church, to universal charity. We mean that we sympa-
thise with our Vicar in his attempt to unite all, of every
shade of opinion, in one great act of public worship,
wherein holy men from all parts of the earth, who were
engaged in Grod's conflict against sin, the world, and the
devil, should join with men of all our parties at home,
and show that it was possible for us all, for once, to think
the same thing, pray the same prayers, sing the same
praises, and finally join in Holy Communion with our
Lord in the Blessed Sacrament.

I think such an answer returned to those who question
you would make thoughtful men come to the conclusion,
that we have here inaugurated and completed a noble
testimony to the truth of the Lord's words : By this shall
all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love
one to another. And there would be no need for any
further reply to the question.

What mean ye by this service f

Now to God the Father, God the Son, and God the
Holy Ghost, let us ascribe all might, majesty, power, and
dominion, for ever and ever. Amen.

SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., PRINTERS, NEW-STREET SQUARE, LONDON.

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Full text of "Reminiscences of a city church : including an account of the missionary services in the Church of S. Lawrence and S. Mary Magdalen, September 1867"

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