Report of the Director to the Board of Trustees for the year ...

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ANNUAL
REPORT

1951

Chicago Natural History Museum

JOHN P. WILSON

Member of the Board of Trustees since 1932
Member of the Executive Committee and Finance Committee

CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM

Report of the Director

to thi

Board of Trustees

for the year 1951

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

JANUARY 1952

THE LIBRARY OF THE

AUG 1 3 1952

UNIVERSITY Of ILLINOIS

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BY CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM PRESS

Contents

PAGB

Former Officers 10

Former Members of the Board of Trustees 11

Officers, Trustees, and Committees, 1951 12

List of Staff, 1951 13

Report of the Director 19

Membership 21

James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation 22

N. W. Harris Public School Extension 26

Department of Anthropology 30

Department of Botany 38

Department of Geology 47

Department of Zoology 55

Library 63

Motion Pictures 66

Photography and Illustration 67

Public Relations 67

Publications and Printing 69

Maintenance, Construction, and Engineering 84

Financial Statements 87

Attendance and Door Receipts 89

Accessions, 1951 91

Members of the Museum 101

Benefactors 101

Honorary Members 101

Patrons 101

Corresponding Members 102

Contributors . . . . 102

Corporate Members 103

Life Members 104

Non-Resident Life Members 105

Associate Members 105

Non-Resident Associate Members 119

Sustaining Members 119

Annual Members 119

Articles of Incorporation 133

P Amended By-Laws 135

Illustrations

John P. Wilson, Trustee frontispiece

Coming to the Museum 9

Chicago Natural History Museum 18

At the Movies 22

Portable Exhibit, N. W. Harris Public School Extension 27

Objects from Tularosa Cave, New Mexico 30

Clay Figurine from Mexico 33

Country around Tularosa Cave 37

Tillandsia 40

Paco Fruits 43

Rhynia 46

Izalco 48

Earthquake, El Salvador 50

Gold and Associated Minerals 53

Ancient Marine Animals 54

Red-tailed Catfish 57

Spectacled Cobra 59

Bushman 61

Special Exhibit 68

Student Assistant 73

Junior Nature-Students 75

Shield of Crow Indians 79

Museum Book Shop 85

'ormer

Off

icers

PRESIDENTS

FIRST
VICE-PRESIDENTS

SECOND
VICE-PRESIDENTS

THIRD
VICE-PRESIDENTS

SECRETARIES

TREASURERS

DIRECTORS

Edward E. Ayer* 1894-1898

Harlow N. Higinbotham* 1898-1908

Martin A. Ryerson* 1894-1932

Albert A. Sprague* 1933-1946

Norman B. Ream* 1894-1902

Marshall Field, Jr.* 1902-1905

Stanley Field 1906-1908

Watson F. Blair* 1909-1928

Albert A. Sprague* 1929-1932

James Simpson* 1933-1939

Silas H. Strawn* 1940-1946

Albert B. Dick, Jr 1946-1951

Albert A. Sprague* 1921-1928

James Simpson* 1929-1932

Albert W. Harris 1933-1941

Ralph Metcalf 1894

George Manierre* 1894-1907

Frederick J. V. Skiff* 1907-1921

D. C. Davies* 1921-1928

Stephen C. SIMMS* 1928-1937

Byron L. Smith* 1894-1914

Frederick J. V. Skiff* 1893-1921

D. C. Davies* 1921-1928

Stephen C. SIMMS* 1928-1937

♦Deceased

10

Former Members of the

Board of Trustees

George E. Adams,* 1893-1917

Owen F. Aldis,* 1893-1898

Allison V. Armour,* 1893-1894

Edward E. Ayer,* 1893-1927

John C. Black,* 1893-1894

M. C. Bullock,* 1893-1894

Daniel H. Burnham,* 1893-1894

George R. Davis,* 1893-1899

James W. Ellsworth,* 1893-1894

Charles B. Farwell,* 1893-1894

Frank W. Gunsaulus,* 1893-1894,
1918-1921

Emil G. Hirsch,* 1893-1894

Charles L. Hutchinson,* 1893-1894

John A. Roche,* 1893-1894

Martin A. Ryerson,* 1893-1932

Edwin Walker,* 1893-1910

Watson F. Blair,* 1894-1928

William J. Chalmers,* 1894-1938

Harlow N. Higinbotham,* 1894-1919

Huntington W. Jackson,* 1894-1900

Arthur B. Jones,* 1894-1927

George Manierre,* 1894-1924

Cyrus H. McCormick,* 1894-1936

Norman B. Ream,* 1894-1910

Norman Williams,* 1894-1899

Marshall Field, Jr.,* 1899-1905

Frederick J. V. Skiff,* 1902-1921

George F. Porter,* 1907-1916

Richard T. Crane, Jr.,* 1908-1912,
1921-1931

John Barton Payne,* 1910-1911

Albert A. Sprague,* 1910-1946

Chauncey Keep,* 1915-1929

Henry Field,* 1916-1917

William Wrigley, Jr.,* 1919-1931

John Borden, 1920-1938

Albert W. Harris, 1920-1941

James Simpson,* 1920-1939

Harry E. Byram,* 1921-1928

Ernest R. Graham,* 1921-1936

D. C. Davies,* 1922-1928

Charles H. Markham,* 1924-1930

Silas H. Strawn,* 1924-1946

Frederick H. Rawson,* 1927-1935

Stephen C. Simms,* 1928-1937

William V. Kelley,* 1929-1932

Fred W. Sargent,* 1929-1939

Leslie Wheeler,* 1934-1937

Charles A. McCulloch,* 1936-1945

Theodore Roosevelt,* 1938-1944

Boardman Conover,* 1940-1950

Howard W. Fenton, 1941-1951

* Deceased

11

Officers^ Trustees^ and Committees^ 1951

OFFICERS

BOARD OF
TRUSTEES

COMMITTEES

Stanley Field, President
Marshall Field, First Vice-President
Albert B. Dick, Jr.,* Second Vice-President
Samuel Insull, Jr., Third Vice-President
Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer
Clifford C. Gregg, Secretary
John R. Millar, Assistant Secretary

Lester Armour
Sewell L. Avery
Wm. McCormick Blair
Leopold E. Block
Walter J. Cummings
Albert B. Dick, Jr.
Howard W. FentonI
Joseph N. Field
Marshall Field
Marshall Field, Jr.

Stanley Field
Samuel Insull, Jr.
Henry P. Isham
HuGHSTON M. McBain
William H. Mitchell
Clarence B. Randall
George A. Richardson
Solomon A. Smith
Albert H. Wetten
John P. Wilson

Executive — Stanley Field, Solomon A. Smith, Albert H.
Wetten, Wm. McCormick Blair, Samuel Insull, Jr.,
Marshall Field, John P. Wilson, Albert B. Dick, Jr.,
Henry P. Isham

Finance — Solomon A. Smith, Leopold E. Block, Albert B.
Dick, Jr., John P. Wilson, Walter J. Cummings,
Albert H. Wetten, Henry P. Isham

Building — Albert H. Wetten, William H. Mitchell,
Lester Armour, Joseph N. Field

Auditing — Wm. McCormick Blair, Clarence B. Randall,
Marshall Field, Jr.

Pension — Samuel Insull, Jr., Sewell L. Avery, Hughston
M. McBain

* Resigned, 1951
t Retired, 1951

12

List of Staff, 1951

DIRECTOR

DEPARTMENT

OF

ANTHROPOLOGY

DEPARTMENT

OF

BOTANY

Clifford C. Gregg

John R. Millar, Deputy Director

E. Leland Webber, Executive Assistant

Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator

Wilfrid D. Hambly, Curator, African Ethnology

T. George Allen, Research Associate, Egyptian
Archaeology

Fay-Cooper Cole, Research Associate, Malaysian
Ethnology

Alexander Spoehr, Curator, Oceanic Ethnology

Donald Collier, Curator, South American Ethnology and
Archaeology

J. Eric Thompson, Research Associate, Central American
Archaeology

A. L. Kroeber, Research Associate, American Archaeology

John B. Rinaldo, Assistant Curator, Archaeology

Elaine Bluhm, Assistant, Archaeology

George I. Quimby, Curator of Exhibits

Robert J. Braidwood, Research Associate, Old World
Prehistory

Miguel Covarrubias, Research Associate, Primitive Art

Alfred Lee Rowell, Dioramist

GusTAF Dalstrom, Artist

John Pletinckx, Ceramic Restorer

Walter C. Reese, Preparator

Agnes H. McNary, Departmental Secretary

Theodor Just, Chief Curator

B. E. Dahlgren, Curator Emeritus

Paul C. Standley, Curator Emeritus, Herbarium

Julian A. Steyermark, Curator, Herbarium

George A. Davis,* Assistant, Herbarium

3. Francis Macbride, Curator, Peruvian Botany

Earl E. Sherff, Research Associate, Systematic Botany

Francis Drouet, Curator, Cryptogamic Botany

Hanford Tiffany, Research Associate, Cryptogamic

Botany
Donald Richards, Research Associate, Cryptogamic

Botany
Sidney F. Glassman,* Assistant, Cryptogamic Herbarium
E. P. Killip, Research Associate, Phanerogamic Botany
Hugh C. Cutler, Curator, Economic Botany

* Resigned, 1951

13

DEPARTMENT

OF

BOTANY

(Cktntlnued)

DEPARTMENT

OF

GEOLOGY

DEPARTMENT

OF

ZOOLOGY

Llewelyn Williams, Associate, Forest Products

J. S. Daston, Assistant, Botany

Emil Sella, Curator of Exhibits

Milton Copulos, Artist-Preparator

Samuel H. Grove, Jr., Artist-Preparator

Frank Boryca, Preparator

Mathias Dones, Preparator

Phyllis Wade,* Departmental Secretary

Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator
Bryan Patterson, Curator, Fossil Mammals
Rainer Zangerl, Curator, Fossil Reptiles
Robert H. Denison, Curator, Fossil Fishes
Albert A. Dahlberg, Research Associate, Fossil

Vertebrates
Everett C. Olson, Research Associate, Fossil Vertebrates
Priscilla F. Turnbull, Assistant, Fossil Vertebrates
Eugene S. Richardson, Jr., Curator, Fossil Invertebrates
George Langford, Curator, Fossil Plants
R. H. Whitfield, Associate, Fossil Plants
Violet S. Whitfield, Associate, Fossil Plants
Ernst Antevs, Research Associate, Glacial Geology
Robert K. Wyant, Curator, Economic Geology
Harry E. Changnon, Curator of Exhibits
Orville L. Gilpin, Chief Preparator, Fossils
Henry Horback, Preparator
William D. Turnbull, Preparator
Stanley Kuczek, Preparator
Henry U. Taylor, Preparator
John Conrad Hansen, Artist
Joanne Neher, Departmental Secretary

Karl P. Schmidt, Chief Curator

Colin Campbell Sanborn, Curator, Mammals

Philip Hershkovitz, Assistant Curator, Mammals

Austin L. Rand, Curator, Birds

Emmet R. Blake, Associate Curator, Birds

Rudyerd Boulton, Research Associate, Birds

Melvin a. Traylor, Jr., Research Associate, Birds

Ellen T. Smith, Associate, Birds

Clifford H. Pope, Curator, Amphibians and Reptiles

Ch'eng-chao Liu, Research Associate, Reptiles

Hymen Marx, Assistant, Reptiles

LoREN P. Woods, Curator, Fishes

Robert F. Inger, Assistant Curator, Fishes

♦Resigned, 1951

14

DEPARTMENT

OF

ZOOLOGY

(Continued)

ASSOCIATE
EDITORS

DEPARTMENT OF

THE N. W. HARRIS

PUBLIC SCHOOL

EXTENSION

JAMES NELSON

AND

ANNA LOUISE

RAYMOND
FOUNDATION

Marion Grey, Associate, Fishes

William J. Gerhard, Curator Emeritus, Insects

Rupert L. Wenzel, Curator, Insects

Henry S. Dybas, Associate Curator, Insects

Alfred E. Emerson, Research Associate, Insects

Gregorio Bondar, Research Associate, Insects

Charles H. Seevers, Research Associate, Insects

Alex K. Wyatt, Research Associate, Insects

August Ziemer, Assistant, Insects

Ruth Marshall, Research Associate, Arachnids

Fritz Haas, Curator, Lower Invertebrates

D. DwiGHT Davis, Curator, Vertebrate Anatomy

Dorothy B. Foss, Osteologist

R. M. Strong, Research Associate, Anatomy

Laura Brodie, Assistant

Harry Hoogstraal, Field Associate

DioscoRO S. Rabor, Field Associate

Leon L. Walters, Taxidermist

Frank C. Wonder, Taxidermist

Ronald J. Lambert, Taxidermist

Carl W. Cotton, Taxidermist

Celestino Kalinowski, Assistant Taxidermist

DOMINICK Villa, Tanner

Joseph B. Krstolich, Artist

Margaret G. Bradbury, Artist

Margaret J. Bauer, Departmental Secretary

Lillian A. Ross, Scientific Publications

Mary P. Murray,* Assistant

Helen Atkinson MacMinn, Miscellaneous Publications

Richard A. Martin, Curator

Albert J. Franzen, Preparator and Taxidermist

George Steinhardt,* Assistant

Miriam Wood, Chief
June Buchwald
Lorain Stephens
Marie Svoboda
Harriet Smith
Jane Sharpe
Anne Stromquist

* Resigned, 1951

15

THE LAYMAN
LECTURER

THE LIBRARY

ACCOUNTING

BOOK SHOP

ADMINISTRATION
AND RECORDS

PUBLIC

RELATIONS

COUNSEL

DIVISION OF
MEMBERSHIPS

DIVISIONS OF
PHOTOGRAPHY

AND
ILLUSTRATION

Paul G. Dallwig

Administration:

Meta p. Howell, Librarian

Louise Boynton Denison, Administrative Assistant

Classification and Cataloguing:
Dawn Davey, Classifier
Eunice Marthens Gemmill, Classifier
M. Eileen Rocourt, Classifier

Reference:

Audrey Greeley, Reference Librarian

Ruth Debus,* Reference Librarian

Winifred E. Weissman,* Assistant Reference Librarian

Bindery and Stacks:
Boris Ivanoff

William A. Bender, Auditor
A. L. Stebbins, Assistant Auditor
Robert E. Bruce, Purchasing Agent

Jessie Dudley, in charge

Susan M. Carpenter, Secretary to the Director

Marion G. Gordon, Registrar

Elsie H. Thomas,! Recorder

Hilda Nordland, Assistant Recorder

Jeannette Forster, Assistant Recorder

H. B. Harte

Christine Tardy, Assistant

Pearle Bilinske, in charge

John Bayalis, Photographer
Douglas E. Tibbitts, Illustrator

* Resigned, 1951
t Retired, 1951

16

DIVISION OF
MOTION PICTURES

DIVISION OF
PRINTING

MAINTENANCE

ENGINEERING

THE GUARD

John W. MoYER,t in charge

Raymond H. Hallstein, in charge
Harold M. Grutzmacher, Assistant

James R. Shouba, Superintendent

GusTAV A. NoREN, Assistant Superintendent

William E. Lake, Chief Engineer
Leonard Carrion, Assistant Chief Engineer

George Woodward, Captain

tOn leave

17

SOUTH FACADE OF THE MUSEUM

Chicago Natural History Museum (formerly Field Museum of Natural History) faces
Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive. It is open every day except Christmas and
New Year's Day and may be reached by elevated or surface railways, South Shore
and Illinois Central suburban trains, or bus. There is ample free parking space.

Annual Report

of the Director

To the Trustees:

I have the honor to present a report of the operation of the Museum
for the year ending December 31, 1951.

The year will be remembered for the many important accessions
of notable scientific collections received by the various departments
of the Museum. We were especially fortunate in obtaining from
the Carnegie Museum its entire reference collection of exotic fishes,
a collection that more than doubles the number of our type specimens
and adds some forty thousand specimens. A gracious gift from Mrs.
Sherman C. Bishop and her daughter, Mrs. Daniel W. O'Dell,
brought to us the outstanding collection of salamanders accumulated
by the late Dr. Bishop of the University of Rochester. This gift
was made to this Museum in recognition of its pre-eminence in the
field of herpetology. Subsequently the University of Rochester pre-
sented to us its own collection of amphibians and reptiles, which,
to a large extent, had been collected by Dr. Bishop. Of more than
usual importance was the accession of the famous Bernhauer Collec-
tion of staphylinid beetles. Arrangements were completed for the
purchase of this collection in Vienna, Austria, from Dr. Use Himmel,
daughter of the late Dr. Max Bernhauer, and at the close of the
year Rupert L. Wenzel, Curator of Insects, was on his way to
Europe to supervise the details of packing and shipping. This col-
lection consists of perhaps one hundred thousand specimens that
include types of from four to five thousand species. The Division

19

of Insects was fortunate also in obtaining the collection of mordellid
beetles purchased from Eugene Ray, a specialist in this group, and
the collection of about ten thousand rove beetles presented by Dr.
Charles H. Seevers, Research Associate.

Outstanding acquisitions in the Department of Botany are repre-
sented by the extensive collections of North American and European
cryptogams purchased from Dr. P. 0. Schallert, of Altamonte
Springs, Florida, and the large herbarium of European lichens,
containing many types, purchased from Dr. Camillo Sbarbaro, of
Genoa, Italy. Both of these collections were obtained for the
Museum through the Elmer J. Richards Fund. After prolonged
negotiation, the Department of Anthropology received more than
one thousand specimens of Mexican antiquities through an exchange
with the National Museum of Mexico. Not only is the collection
itself of great archaeological value, but also it is especially pleasing
to the Museum to note the cordial co-operation of the officials of the
National Museum of Mexico. In return, this Museum sent archaeo-
logical and ethnological specimens from our collections from North
America as well as from our outstanding collections from Oceania.
A noteworthy acquisition that came to the Department of Geology
was the paleobotanical collection received from the Walker Museum
of the University of Chicago. Again the Museum is pleased to note
the cordial co-operation of a friendly neighboring institution. This
splendid addition will give world-wide coverage to the Museum's
collection of fossil plants from the Paleozoic to Tertiary times.
These accessions and others are more fully described under the
headings of the scientific departments.

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

Stanley Field, president of Chicago Natural History Museum, was
re-elected at the Annual Meeting of the Board of Trustees in January
to serve for his forty-third consecutive year. All other officers were
likewise re-elected. They are: Marshall Field, first vice-president;
Albert B. Dick, Jr., second vice-president; Samuel Insull, Jr., third
vice-president; Solomon A. Smith, treasurer; Clifford C. Gregg,
secretary; and John R. Millar, assistant secretary. Mr. Dick later
resigned as second vice-president although he continued as member
of the Board of Trustees and member of the executive and finance
committees; Henry P. Isham, Trustee, was added to the executive
committee; and Howard W. Fenton retired from the Board of
Trustees because of ill health.

20

MEMBERSHIP

The total number of Members on the Museum roster at the close of
1951 was 4,771. The Museum thanks its many friends who, as
Members, have helped to support its scientific and educational
activities. It is hoped that those who found it necessary to discon-
tinue their memberships will soon again enroll as Members and
resume their association with the work of the Museum. The number
of Members in each membership classification on December 31, 1951,
was as follows: Benefactors — 24; Honorary Members — 8; Patrons — 16;
Corresponding Members — 6; Contributors — 176; Corporate Members —
40; Life Members — 159; Non-Resident Life Members — 17; Associate
Members — 2,247; Non-Resident Associate Members — 12; Sustaining
Members — 24; Annual Members — 2,042. The names of Members of
the Museum during 1951 are listed at the end of this Report.

ATTENDANCE

The number of students visiting the Museum in the spring and fall
months continued to increase in 1951 as the result of more use of
community resources than ever before in school planning. School
busses from all over Illinois and surrounding states brought children
to us in great numbers. In May, 1951, for example, the Museum's
total attendance was 107,078, and of this number 34,047 (approxi-
mately 32 per cent) were in organized school groups on school days.
The largest student-group of the year was 1,500 delegates to the
National Congress of 4-H Clubs on their annual visit to the Museum.
These students, who came from every state, Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto
Rico, and Canada, are among our most enthusiastic visitors. Organi-
zations using the Museum for meetings included the American
Society of Mammalogists and the American Society of Ichthyologists
and Herpetologists for their thirty-first annual meetings, the Lepi-
dopterists' Society for its second annual meeting, the Chicago Ornitho-
logical Society, the Illinois Audubon Society, the Kennicott Club,
and the Nature Camera Club of Chicago. The total number of
visitors at the Museum in 1951 was 1,251,752, an increase of 78,091
over the number for the preceding year. Of the total number,
1,118,412 were admitted without charge — visitors on free days and
those admitted free on all days (children, students, teachers, Mem-
bers of the Museum, and officers and enlisted men of the armed
forces). For comparative attendance statistics and door receipts
for 1950 and 1951, see page 89.

21

JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND
FOUNDATION FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL AND
CHILDREN'S LECTURES

The James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation continued
to assist students, teachers, and groups of children to understand
and enjoy the Museum exhibits and activities. Its program, con-
sisting of tours, illustrated lectures, motion-picture programs,
printed stories, and extension lectures in the Chicago public schools
is always changing and widening to meet the needs and requests of
teachers, students, and children. One extension lecture, "The
Indian and His Art," was completely revised and is now illustrated
with an all-color motion picture. A new series of film-tour programs

Children see a summer'morning program in James Simpson Theatre of the Museum.

22

was offered to fit particularly into the courses of study of the Chicago
public schools and for general adaptation to the Cook County public
schools. "Plant Adventurers" and Nature Magic," two series of
Museum Stories for Children, were published and given to the
children attending the Saturday morning motion-picture programs
for children. The supervisory staff of the Chicago public schools
held its January, 1951, monthly meeting in the Museum to learn
more about the educational services available to schools. These
principals and supervisors were told briefly about the various activi-
ties and programs planned especially for students, saw the Museum
film, "Through These Doors," and were given short tours of Museum
exhibits most useful to school groups as well as a preview of the
new hall of historical geology (Hall 37, Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall).
Perhaps this meeting and the new series of tours and programs for
schools helped to bring about a much greater use of the Museum by
the Chicago public schools during this year than has been evident
since 1941.

A summary of all activities of Raymond Foundation for the year,
with attendance figures, follows:

RAYMOND FOUNDATION ACTIVITIES
Activities within the Museum

For children Groups Attendance Groups Attendance

Tours in Museum halls .

Groups

Attendance

. 1,081

34,174

55

3,551

29

19,385

Lectures preceding tours. .
Motion-picture programs .

Total 1,165 57,110

For adults

Tours in Museum halls . . . .
Lectures preceding tours . . .

376
43

6,680
919

419
. . 141

Total

7,599

Extension Activities

Chicago public schools

Elementary schools

Suburban schools

139

2

46,499
550

Total

47,049

Activities.

Total for Raymond Foundation 1

. . 1,725

111,758

23

LECTURE PROGRAMS FOR ADULTS

The Museum lectures held on Saturday afternoons in March, April,
October, and November as an additional educational offering of the
Museum were attended by 14,655 persons. An effort is made to
bring to our platform authoritative speakers working in any of the
sciences within the scope of the Museum, but the difficulty of bring-
ing variety and originality into lecture series that have been estab-
lished for more than half a century can well be imagined. Further,
the necessity of variety is emphasized by the fact that to a great
extent the audience remains unchanged year after year. It is most
encouraging to receive letters and telephone calls expressing appre-
ciation for certain lectures, and helpful suggestions are welcome.

THE LAYMAN LECTURER

The Layman Lecturer of the Museum, Paul G. Dallwig, continued
his popular course of Sunday afternoon lectures with an ever-in-
creasing demand for tickets so that by the end of the year there
was a waiting list of 2,330. It is regretted that limited space in the
halls of the Museum restricts the number of tickets issued. In
order to accommodate as many as possible of those applicants who
could not be given tickets, Mr. Dallwig presented additional lectures
on December 22 and December 29. Again the Museum thanks Mr.
Dallwig for the contribution of his unique services.

MEMBERS' NIGHT

On the evening of October 1, the Museum held its first official
Members' Night. On this occasion Members were invited to come
to the Museum to see the new motion-picture, "Through These
Doors," which tells the Museum's story, to preview the new Hall
of Fossil Invertebrate Animals and Fossil Plants (Hall 37, Frederick
J. V, Skiff Hall), and to visit any or all of the laboratories and
workrooms on the third and fourth floors. The research collections,
which contain from thousands to millions of specimens of various
kinds, were available for inspection. More than one thousand
persons attended, and almost all of them expressed regret that the
evening was far too short to permit them to cover their entire range
of interests. This special event is one of the ways in which the
Museum is trying to express its appreciation to its loyal Members
for their helpful interest and support.

24

GIFTS TO THE MUSEUM

Under the will of the late Boardman Conover, Trustee and Research
Associate, the Museum received $50,000 to establish the Conover
Game-Bird Fund. Elmer J. Richards, of Chicago, added $10,000 to
the Elmer J. Richards Fund for the purchase of cryptogamic speci-
mens, and Donald Richards, Research Associate in Cryptogamic
Botany, gave $4,000 to the Donald Richards Fund, also for the
purchase of cryptogamic specimens, and $1,000 to establish a fund
for travel and cryptogamic research. Walther Buchen, of Chicago,
gave $7,500 for zoological purposes; S. C. Johnson and Son, Incor-
porated, of Racine, Wisconsin, again gave $4,000 for research on
wax-bearing palms; and Dr. Maurice L. Richardson, of Lansing,
Michigan, added $1,750 to the Maurice L. Richardson Paleonto-
logical Fund. The Museum received $9,000 from Stanley Field,
president, to be added to the Stanley Field Special Fund; $250 from
C. Suydam Cutting, of New York, a Patron of the Museum; $1,000
from an anonymous friend; $360.40 from the estate of Mrs. Abby K.
Babcock; $648.52 from the estate of Martin A. Ryerson; and
$6,666.67 from the Mrs. Joan A. Chalmers Real Estate Trust.
Memorial gifts of money from Miss Margaret B. Conover and Mrs.
Eugene S. Talbot, of Chicago, were added to the Conover Game-Bird
Fund. Other gifts of money were received from Peder Christensen,
Seattle; Henry S. Dybas, Hazelcrest, Illinois; Edward B. McGuinn,
Evanston, Illinois; Clarence B. Randall, Trustee of the Museum;
Karl P. Schmidt, Homewood, Illinois; Mrs. Ellen T. Smith, Associate,
Division of Birds; Rupert L. Wenzel, Oak Park, Illinois; and a
number of anonymous givers.

In recognition of her contributions and services, the Board of
Trustees elected Mrs. Stanley Field, wife of the president of the
Museum, a Benefactor. Donors who have given to the Museum
$1,000 to $100,000 in money or materials are elected Contributors
by the Board of Trustees (see page 102 for names of Contributors).
Contributors elected in 1951 are: Mrs. Sherman C. Bishop, of
Rochester, New York, and Mrs. Daniel W, O'Dell, of Ithaca, New
York (gift of Bishop Collection of salamanders) ; Charles B. Cory, Jr.,
of Homewood, Illinois (gift of ornithological books) ; Dr. Charles H.
Seevers, of Homewood, Illinois (gift of collection of rove beetles);
and James Witkowsky, posthumously elected (a bequest). A com-
plete list of gifts of materials from individuals and institutions in
1951 is appended to this Report (see page 91). Some of the collec-
tions of especial interest or value are described under the headings
of the scientific departments.

25

SPECIAL EXHIBITS

A special exhibit on peoples of the United States Trust Territory
and Guam, held in Stanley Field Hall during December, presented
a series of water colors and drawings by Joseph Feher and photo-
graphs by Raymond Sato (assembled and lent by the Honolulu
Academy of Arts) and illustrative material from the Museum col-
lections. Other special exhibits during the year were "Song Birds
of America," a series of twelve paintings by John Atherton (by
courtesy of John Morrell and Company, of Ottumwa, Iowa); a
pictorial mural map of Alaska by Muriel Hannah (by courtesy of
Northern Consolidated Air Lines of Anchorage); paintings and
drawings of Museum exhibits by students of the Junior School of
the Art Institute of Chicago; the First Annual Amateur Handcrafted
Gem and Jewelry Competitive Exhibition, sponsored by the Chicago
Lapidary Club; and the Sixth Chicago International Exhibition of
Nature Photography, held under the auspices of the Nature Camera
Club of Chicago and the Museum,

THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION

The program of lending Museum exhibits to Chicago schools through
the Department of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension con-
tinued in normal operation in 1951. Each public elementary and
high school of Chicago received on loan thirty-four portable Museum
exhibits of natural-history material. Every tenth school day Harris
Extension trucks delivered two exhibits to each school in exchange
for the two that they had left at their previous visit. This exchange
of exhibits in regular rotation among the schools assures that there
will be no repetition in any one school over a period of several years.
Since its establishment as a Department of the Museum, Harris
Extension has prepared and maintained more than one thousand
portable Museum exhibits and has made them available to Chicago
public schools to supplement the teaching of natural science. The
cases can be carried from classroom to classroom for direct study
and discussion, or they can be displayed in the school library or
another room accessible to the entire school body.

Over the years many denominational and private schools and
other Chicago institutions have made application for Harris Exten-
sion service and, after demonstration of their needs and satisfactory
guarantees of safe care and adequate utilization of the circulating
exhibits, have been added to the list of public schools receiving

26

Albert J. Franzen, Preparator and Taxidermist, N. W. Harris Extension Department,
finishes red-fox exhibit for which Artist John Conrad Hansen painted the background.

service. When the Hst totaled 514 at the close of the 1950-51

school year, it was clear that, with reduced staff, the preparation
of new exhibits was not possible at a rate that would accommodate
a growing circulation list. Accordingly, at the beginning of school
in September, the policy was adopted of adding to the circulation
only newly opened public schools. Special requests for additional
instructional material have been increasing somewhat during recent
years. Many of these requests come from suburban schools not
eligible for regular Harris Extension service. Fifty-one special
requests were filled in 1951. Two- thirds of these loans were of
bird-skins or mounted birds. In the course of the year, thirty-three
of the standard portable exhibits were damaged in circulation, two
of them by fire. One hundred and seventy-one cases were repaired
in the workshop. Field work of staff members consisted of short
trips in the Chicago area for the purpose of collecting botanical and
zoological specimens from which to make reproductions for future
exhibits and to take color photographs for the assistance of the
artists who make the habitat groups for Harris Extension.

17

STAFF OF THE MUSEUM

E. P. Killip, distinguished botanist and lately retired head curator
of the department of botany of the United States National Museum,
Washington, D.C., was elected Research Associate in Phanerogamic
Botany by the Board of Trustees. John W. Moyer, Chief of the
Division of Motion Pictures, was given a leave of absence, effective
August 16, to accept a temporary appointment in the foreign service
of the Department of State of the United States. On February 1,
Mrs. Elsie H. Thomas, who had been employed by the Museum
since 1922, retired from her position of Recorder. In order to
maintain our association with him, D. S. Rabor of Silliman Uni-
versity, Philippine Islands, visiting Guggenheim Fellow in Zoology,
was made a Field Associate on the staff of the Department of
Zoology. Ronald J. Lambert and Carl W. Cotton, Assistant Taxi-
dermists, were promoted to Taxidermists; Celestino Kalinowski,
of Marcapata, Peru, was appointed Assistant Taxidermist; and
Miss Laura Brodie was given the title of Assistant in charge of
Illustrations in the Department of Zoology. E. Leland Webber,
Assistant Recorder, was made Executive Assistant to the Director
of the Museum. Miss Audrey Greeley was appointed Reference
Librarian, and Boris Ivanoff was placed in charge of stacks and
bindery. Miss Christine Tardy was appointed Assistant in Public
Relations following the resignation of Mrs. Helen R. Gordon,
who had been secretary in the Division of Public Relations for
thirteen years. Other resignations during the year were: George A.
Davis, Assistant, Herbarium; Miss Ruth Debus, Reference Librarian;
Dr. Sidney F. Glassman, Assistant, Cryptogamic Herbarium; Miss
Mary P. Murray, Assistant, Scientific Publications; George Stein-
hardt. Assistant, Department of the N. W. Harris Public School
Extension; Miss Phyllis Wade, Secretary, Department of Botany;
and Mrs. Winifred E. Weissman, Assistant Reference Librarian.

It is with regret that I record the death on April 7 of John
Anderson, employed by the Museum as a carpenter in the Depart-
ment of Anthropology and in the Division of Maintenance from
1920 until his retirement on pension in 1942.

The Museum thanks its faithful volunteer workers for their help
during the year. Names of some of them are included in the List
of Staff at the beginning of this Report. Other volunteers are:
Department of Botany — Miss Margaret Feigley, Dr. George D.
Fuller, Philip Garrett, Jack Reeves, Floyd E. Swink, Archie F.
Wilson; Department of Geology — Mrs. George Langford, Miss Nancy
Robertson; Department of Zoology — Harry Nelson.

28

EXPEDITIONS

The Museum conducted eighteen expeditions and field trips in 1951.
Their work is described in this Report under the headings of the
scientific departments. Expeditions and field trips of 1951 and
their leaders are:

Department of Anthropology: Southwest Archaeological Ex-
pedition— Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator

Department of Botany: Cuba Botanical Expedition, 1950-51 —
Dr. B. E. Dahlgren, Curator Emeritus; Florida Botanical Field
Trip — Emil Sella, Curator of Exhibits; Southwest Botanical Field
Trip — Dr. Hugh C. Cutler, Curator of Economic Botany; Texas
Botanical Field Trip — Dr. Theodor Just, Chief Curator

Department of Geology: Eastern States Paleontological Field
Trip — Dr. Robert H. Denison, Curator of Fossil Fishes; Oklahoma
Paleontological Field Trip — William D. Turnbull, Preparator; Ten-
nessee Paleontological Field Trips — George Langford, Curator of
Fossil Plants; Texas Paleontological Expedition — Bryan Patterson,
Curator of Fossil Mammals; Wilmington (Illinois) Paleobotanical
Field Trips — Curator Langford

Department of Zoology: Colombia Zoological Expedition, 1H8-
51 — Philip Hershkovitz, Assistant Curator of Mammals; Co-opera-
tive Field Work with United States Fish and Wildlife Service in Gulf
of Mexico — Loren P. Woods, Curator of Fishes; Field Work for Cave
Fishes — Curator Woods; Mexico Zoological Field Trip— Clifford H.
Pope, Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles; United States Navy
Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt, 19^9-51 — Harry Hoog-
straal (in charge of Sudan Substation), Field Associate, Museum
representative; West Africa Zoological Expedition, 1950-51 — Harry
A. Beatty, of New York

Chicago Natural History Museum (and Instituto Tropical
de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autonoma, El Salvador) :
Salvadorean Project — participants in 1950-51: Botany, Dr. Norman
C. Fassett, professor of botany. University of Wisconsin; Geology,
Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator of Geology; Zoology, Dr. Austin L.
Rand, Curator of Birds

29

Department of Anthropology

Research and Expeditions

The Southwest Archaeological Expedition continued its long-term
research-excavation program in west-central New Mexico. The
goal of this program is a complete delineation of the Mogollon
culture, a newly discovered civilization. During recent years Mu-
seum archaeologists have uncovered some of its history — namely,
that dating from the beginning of the Christian era down to about
A.D. 1000, but the record is far from complete and woefully lacking
in many details. From knowledge of the area gained by exploring
the country by car and on foot and horseback, it seemed evident
that Pine Lawn Valley (near Reserve, Catron County, New Mexico)
had been occupied several millenia before A.D. 1. The excavations
in Tularosa Cave in 1950 (described in the Annual Report) bore
out this assumption and yielded a rich harvest of archaeological
data. In analyzing these data, however, it became apparent that

These juniper'berry skewers, reed cigarettes filled with tobacco (the earliest reported
use of tobacco), and wooden dice— objects dating from A.D. 200 to A.D. 800— are
among materials recovered from dry caves in New Mexico by Museum expeditions.

30

the materials in many categories (spear-throwers, sandals, bows and
arrows, clothing, textiles, corn, beans, squash, to name some) were
too few to permit reliable analyses, comparisons with similar materials
from near-by and distant areas, and statistical manipulation.
Further excavations in another dry cave, Cordova Cave, were
therefore planned and carried out.

At this point it is well to explain why so-called "perishable
materials" (that is, materials that would disintegrate if not protected
from weather — clothing, objects of wood and fiber, fur, and the
like) are so important. Suppose that one wanted to study American
culture in its entirety and that the only available reference for this
study is a large mail-order catalogue. If the catalogue were com-
plete, the student would have first-class source material. He would
know something about how we dressed, amused ourselves, recorded
time, practiced agriculture, and built houses. He could even make
inferences concerning our religious and social organization, density of
population, and more. But suppose that this catalogue is mutilated
and that all the pages describing perishable items (leather, cloth,
fur, hair, hides, wood, rubber, paper) are irretrivably lost. The
student would then be faced with the impossible task of describing
a culture on the basis of the few remaining items. This situation
confronted our archaeologists because the sites that had been
exposed to centuries of weather produced only artifacts of stone,
bone, and baked clay — materials that could give only an incomplete
picture of the culture of the Mogollon peoples.

Therefore during 1951, Cordova Cave, a thousand feet above the
San Francisco River Valley and near Reserve, New Mexico, was
completely dug, a large kiva in an open site was half excavated, and
a reconnaissance was conducted. The field season occupied the
months of June through September. Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief
Curator, in charge of the expedition, was assisted by Dr. John B.
Rinaldo, Assistant Curator of Archaeology; Miss Elaine Bluhm,
Assistant; Thomas P. Alder, photographer; and Arnold Besser, Miss
Katherine Marjorie Kelly, and Miss Elizabeth Morris (student
assistant from Antioch College).

Cordova Cave was probably occupied from about 1000 B.C. to
A.D. 1 — a significantly shorter time than was Tularosa Cave, which
was lived in for almost two thousand years. A great fire that occurred
in Cordova Cave during the Pine Lawn period (150 B.C.-500 A.D)
destroyed many of the precious objects that our archaeologists
sought and apparently caused the Indians to shun the cave there-
after except for temporary camping. For these reasons (fire and
shorter span of occupation), fewer perishable specimens were re-

31

covered from this cave than from Tularosa Cave, but some valuable
specimens were unearthed that, when added to the 1950 collections,
will aid materially in solving some of the problems that have been
especially puzzling to our archaeologists.

The positive contributions to the knowledge of the Mogollon
culture were many and valuable: (1) Several hundred tools of stone
from the Cochise period (before 500 B.C.) were recovered from well-
defined layers. Since these layers can be relatively dated, it is now
known when certain tools of stone came into use and went out of
fashion — a sequence that was previously lacking. This knowledge
will enable us to date early stone tools recovered by future explora-
tions. (2) The stratigraphy or dating by position of Cordova
Cave corroborated that of the 1950 season. (3) Some artifacts not
previously known from the area were unearthed, namely, new
types of projectile points, a new sandal type, and painted tablitas.
(4) Evidence of Apache occupation was found in the top layer of
the cave. This consisted of a cache of horse(?)-hides and basketry.
From this information it will be possible to place the date of the
Apache occupation of the Reserve area relative to other cultures.
At the moment it appears probable that the Apaches entered the
area some centuries after its abandonment by the Mogollon people.
When the specimens are completely analyzed, more information will
be forthcoming; but on the basis of only a few hundred specimens
from two caves, positive and specific conclusions are, of course, not
possible. Only in a most general way can one hazard a guess that
the associated complex of traits of the Mogollon culture was similar
to those traits possessed by many of the ancient tribes of the Great
Basin or Intermontane area (Oregon and Utah southeastward to
northern Mexico).

In addition to the work in Cordova Cave, two other important
projects were carried forward. One was the partial excavation,
under the direction of Miss Bluhm, of a large ceremonial room
situated in an open site. Such a structure is usually referred to as
a kiva, and on the basis of information derived mainly from Indians
it is assumed that such a structure was a sacred place in which
secret ceremonies were conducted. Since this kiva is unique in
Pine Lawn Valley, it was chosen as a valuable spot for operations.
The actual excavation of such a large structure (30 feet long, 25
feet wide, 7 feet deep) was a slow, arduous task because the walls
of masonry had toppled into the structure. About 1,000 cubic
yards or about 150 tons of dirt and rocks were removed with wheel-
barrows. Work will be completed next season, but it is possible to
say now that the kiva may fall into the latter part of what we call

32

Head of a large clay figurine (A.D. 500 to A.D. 800) from Veracruz, Mexico, is
one of the antiquities received in an exchange with the National Museum of Mexico.

the Reserve period and may date from about A.D. 1050 or A.D. 1100.
The other undertaking was a reconnaissance for new sites in
western New Mexico and in east-central Arizona. Dr. Herbert C.
Taylor, Jr., of Western Washington College, Bellingham, Washing-
ton, formerly a teaching assistant at the University of Chicago,
was in charge of this work, which was sponsored by the Department
of Anthropology, University of Chicago, and was tailored to dove-
tail with the intensive investigations carried on by the Museum.
Dr. Taylor spent ten weeks on this project, operating within a
radius of eighty miles from the Museum camp, and found 75 sites

33

of major importance. The analysis of the survey is yet to be made,
but a few tentative conclusions may be drawn from the data: (1) The
late manifestations of the Mogollon culture (Reserve phase) cover a
large area — much larger than we had formerly realized. (2) The
culture-complex known as Mimbres extends at least as far north-
west as Glenwood, New Mexico. (3) The region east of Springer-
ville, Arizona, was a cultural transition zone between the Puebloan
and Mogollon peoples. The results of the survey will be ready for
publication in 1952.

During the year Dr. Alexander Spoehr, Curator of Oceanic
Ethnology, continued preparation for publication of his report on
the Anthropological Expedition to Micronesia, 1949-50, which will
be issued in two parts: one on the ethnology of contemporary
Saipan and the other on the prehistory of the Marianas as revealed
by the archaeological survey and excavations conducted by Curator
Spoehr on Saipan, Tinian, and Rota. In July he studied docu-
mentary material at major libraries in the eastern states in con-
nection with the preparation of the report. This research was made
possible by a Grant in Aid awarded to him by the Social Science
Research Council.

George I. Quimby, Curator of Exhibits, continued research in
North American ethnology in connection with the exhibition pro-
gram. Particular emphasis was placed on an examination of
materials collected from the Crow, Blackfoot, Assiniboin, Plains
Cree, Plains Ojibwa, Plains Sioux, Arapaho, Cheyenne, Kiowa,
Kiowa Apache, Comanche, Ute, Paiute, Panamint, Shoshone,
Paviotso, Flathead, Bannock, Kutenai, Wasco, Klickitat, Yakima,
and Nez Perce tribes. He completed a report on Indian trade-silver
east of the Mississippi and is preparing a description of the Museum's
collection of thirty-five portraits of Indians and western scenes
painted in oil by George Catlin during the period from 1831 to 1837,
a collection that is significant because it has been intact as a collection
since 1837. A number of the portraits (among them "Smoke, Ponca
Chief," "Wolf, Mandan Chief," and "White Cloud, Sauk and Fox
Chief") have been placed on permanent exhibition in Mary D.
\ Sturges Hall (Hall 5, Indians of the Woodlands and Prairies).

\ Donald Collier, Curator of South American Ethnology and

Archaeology, continued his study of the collection excavated in 1946
by the Archaeological Expedition to Peru and brought nearly to
completion his report on this work. In connection with his activities
as a member of the committee on carbon- 14 dating of the American
Anthropological Association and the Geological Society of America,
he made a stratigraphic and statistical analysis of Middle and

34

South American carbon-14 dates that was incorporated in the
detailed report published by the Society for American Archaeology.
Dr. Wilfrid D. Hambly, Curator of African Ethnology, continued
research in craniometry of the Pacific regions. The books by Curator
Hambly on craniometry that have been published by the Museum
are Cranimetry of New Guinea, Craniometry of Amhryn Island, and
Cranial Capacities, A Study in Methods. "Craniometry of Malekula
and New Calidonia" is in manuscript, and "Craniometry of the
Solomon Islands and New Ireland," last of the series, is in prepara-
tion. A bibliography of African anthropology (a supplement to
Source Book of African Anthropology, Museum Press, 2 volumes,
1937) is awaiting publication.

During the first months of the year Assistant Curator Rinaldo
collaborated with Chief Curator Martin in preparing a report on
the excavations during the summer of 1950 of Tularosa Cave and,
for use in this research, made a graph showing the fluctuations in
pottery-type popularity in the various occupation levels of the
cave. He also assisted John W. Moyer, staff cinematographer, in
the completion of a unified story of the excavations, including several
laboratory sequences taken in the Museum. During the summer he
assisted Chief Curator Martin in the excavation of Cordova Cave,
and after his return from the field in the fall he started a precise
analysis of the stone and bone artifacts from the summer's excava-
tions preliminary to a report on the season's work.

Dr. Fay-Cooper Cole, Research Associate in Malaysian Ethnol-
ogy, worked at the Museum during the month of August on the
Bukidnon collection from the Philippines, on which he is preparing
a monograph. Research Associate Cole collected the Bukidnon
materials in 1910 when he went to the Philippines for the Museum
on the R. F. Cummings Philippine Expedition. At that time he
was Assistant Curator of Malayan Ethnology at the Museum.

Accessions— Anthropology

At the end of the year the long-pending exchange with the National
Museum of Mexico was completed. As a result of this transaction
the Museum has received an extensive collection of Mexican antiqui-
ties consisting of 1,126 specimens ranging in age from the second
millenium before Christ to the Spanish Conquest. Included is a
representive selection of figurines and pottery from the Archaic cul-
tures of the Valley of Mexico; pottery, figurines, and ornaments
from the various phases of the Classic cultures of Teotihuacan and

35

Monte Alban; and pottery, ornaments, and stone sculpture from
the Toltec and Aztec cultures of the Late period. The prehistoric
cultures of western Mexico and the Mexican Gulf Coast are also
represented. This collection, which was selected to supplement the
Museum's Middle American collections and fill gaps in them, will
be important in the future reinstallation of Hall 8 (Archaeology and
Ethnology of Mexico and Central America). Archaeological and
ethnological specimens from North America and Oceania were ex-
changed for the Mexican collection. This is the largest and most
important anthropological exchange carried out by the Museum in
many years. The exchange will benefit both this Museum and the
National Museum because now only by exchange could the two
museums have acquired collections of this size and quality.

Rearrangements— Anthropology

The work of rehousing the extensive collection of prehistoric and
recent textiles from many parts of the world was completed during
the year by Roger Grange, assistant. Previously the textiles were
scattered according to tribe and area in various badly overcrowded
storerooms where they were not readily available to the staff or to
visiting students. The textiles are now arranged in a single room
in steel cases containing flat wooden drawers so big that only the
largest specimens need be folded. Fragile textiles are laid on card-
board and covered with clear sheets of polyethylene plastic that can
be removed for close study of the textiles and for photography, an
arrangement that permits sorting and examination of the specimens
without damaging them. Ample work tables and excellent fluores-
cent lighting make the textile room an ideal place to conduct research.
The textile collection in its new housing has already been put to
good use by students of textiles.

Exhibits— Anthropology

Under the direction of Curator of Exhibits Quimby nineteen new
exhibits (including one diorama) were completed during the year
by Gustaf Dalstrom, Artist, and Alfred Lee Rowell, Dioramist,
with the assistance of Walter C. Reese, Preparator, and John
Pletinckx, Ceramic Restorer. Six of the new exhibits were installed
in Mary D. Sturges Hall (Hall 5), thus completing this hall, which
was opened to the public on May 1. The new hall shows the culture-

36

types of the North American woodlands and prairies as they were
in historic times (1700-1900). The thirteen remaining exhibits were
installed in Hall 6, which, when complete, will contain more than
fifty exhibits (including four dioramas). This hall is divided into
three sections: Indians of the Plains, Intermountain tribes showing
Plains influence, and Indians of the California culture area. During
the year some twenty additional exhibits were planned and laid
out for installation in the new hall in the first half of 1952.

From the pinccovered mountainous country surrounding Tularosa Cave, a dry cave in
Apache National Forest, New Mexico, plants were collected for comparison with
the many specimens excavated from the cave by Museum archaeological expeditions.

^J

Department of Botany

Research and Expeditions

During the year Paul C. Standley, Curator Emeritus of the Her-
barium, continued his exploration and studies of the flora of middle
Central America, devoting his time to collections in Honduras, one
of the countries whose vast flora still is imperfectly known. Part
of December, 1950, was passed in the Department of Ocotepeque,
on the borders of Guatemala and El Salvador, where no botanical
work had ever been done. Exploration in 1951 in the central depart-
ments of El Paraiso and Francisco Morazan resulted in a collection
of some 3,200 specimens that include many species and several genera
of flowering plants new to the Honduran flora and a satisfactory
number of species new to science. Study and determination of this
material and preparation of descriptions of the new species of these
and other collections required a great deal of time. Curator Emeritus
Standley determined also a large collection of Mexican and Central
American plants made more than fifty years ago that was forwarded
from Chicago to Honduras for this purpose. Other plants likewise
sent from Chicago for study included an extensive collection made
in Chiapas, Mexico, by Dr. Margery C. Carlson, of Northwestern
University, and smaller ones from Costa Rica transmitted by the
Museo Nacional of San Jos^. Some progress has been made in
preparation of a dictionary of useful plants of all Central America
and a complete catalogue of the whole Central American flora.

The Curator Emeritus of Botany, Dr. B. E. Dahlgren, continued
his studies of Copernicia palms. With the aid of the S. C. Johnson
and Son P\ind, two visits were made to Cuba. On the first and
more extensive of these, in the early months of the year, localities
in Matanzas and Las Villes provinces were visited briefly on the
way eastward from Havana to Camagiiey. This year, as well as
on various former occasions, the savanas readily accessible from this
provincial capital proved to be the most important localities dis-
covered. Camagiiey also serves as the most convenient point of
departure for explorations in the general region of greatest Copernicia
concentration, which extends into the adjacent easternmost province,
Oriente, where more work is planned for 1952. Much new palm
material, notes, and several hundred photographs were brought
back to the Museum, together with a collection of the phanerogams
and soil algae of special ecological interest in connection with the
distribution of some of the Copernicia species. The latter collections

38

were made by J. PYancis Macbride, Curator of Peruvian Botany,
who, after completing the manuscript for another number of his
"Flora of Peru," had volunteered his assistance. On the return
trip by way of Cienfuego, a hasty excursion was made with Dr.
E. D. Clement and Sr. Valiente, of the Atkins Garden and Labo-
ratory of Harvard University at Soledad, to the south coast of the
eastern peninsula of Zapata for mature seeds of a species apparently
restricted to this area. A brief trip to Cuba in August was under-
taken solely for the purpose of gathering the results of experiments
made in the early spring and collecting certain seeds for experimental
growing at the University of Chicago and elsewhere.

Dr. Earl E. Sherff, Research Associate in Systematic Botany,
continued his studies of Hawaiian plants and completed his revision
of the genus Nototrichium. He also described a number of novelties,
especially new sections of Dahlia for its epiphytic member and the
tree-dahlias, various East African species of Bidens, and several
Araliaceae and Leguminosae. Llewelyn Williams, Associate in
Forest Products, spent considerable time in the Far East and
Central America studying forest products and collecting woods for
exhibition purposes. Dr. Norman C. Fassett, while on leave of
absence from the University of Wisconsin, spent the early part of
the year at the Tropical Institute in San Salvador as the botanical
representative of the Museum, collecting aquatic plants in El
Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico. His monographic studies of these
and other pertinent collections are now essentially completed.

Dr. Theodor Just, Chief Curator, accompanied a small group of
paleobotanists of the University of Illinois and the Illinois State
Geological Survey on a collecting trip to Iowa and Texas. The
party collected large numbers of coal balls for study of structurally
preserved plant-fossils and obtained in Texas the trunk of an unde-
scribed cycadeoid and samples of fossil wood found at the type
locality. Chief Curator Just continued his studies of fossil cycads
and cycadeoids and of the geographical distribution of fossil ferns
and pteridosperms. In addition, he prepared in collaboration with
Dr. Jos^ Cuatrecasas, Guggenheim Fellow, a synopsis of the living
and fossil Humiriaceae.

Dr. Hugh C. Cutler, Curator of Economic Botany, continued
his studies of the archaeological plant material from Tularosa Cave,
New Mexico. On an expedition during June and early July he
studied and collected plants now growing about the cave, as the
archaeological material of the cultivated plants shows a gradual
development of the recent kinds from the more primitive ones of
the earlier levels of Tularosa Cave. Modern Indian corn and squash

39

This reproduction of a subtropical flowering Tillandsia shows this air plant of the
pineapple family as it is quite often found growing in the branches of trees (Hall 29).

were studied in experimental plantings near Chicago in order to
compare the range of variation with that exhibited by the archaeo-
logical material. A large part of Curator Cutler's time was spent
in organization of the Museum's extensive wood collections, which
consist of about forty thousand specimens, a great number of them
authenticated by herbarium specimens taken from the same tree
as the wood. Mrs. Ann Bigelow and Robert Yule have prepared
and labeled more than fifteen thousand specimens for the Museum's
collection and for exchange with other institutions. Archie F.
Wilson, an experienced amateur wood-collector, assisted in this work
by cutting a large collection of Ecuadorean tree trunks to the
standard size of the specimens in our collection.

40

Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Curator of the Herbarium, con-
tinued to devote the greater portion of his time toward completion
of the study of his large collections from Venezuela. The first part
of his "Contributions to the Flora of Venezuela," consisting of
descriptions of new species resulting from his study and that of
various specialists, was published by the Museum in May. The
second part of this work, which will complete the description of
the new species, is now in press. Altogether, close to six hundred
species and nine genera new to science, in addition to a large number
of new varieties and forms, have resulted from the study of these
collections. Critical investigation of particular groups in this study
resulted in revisions of the rare genera Tapeinostemon (see page 82)
and Platycarpum, the latter having been brought to light after
nearly one hundred and fifty years of obscurity. The families
Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lentibulariaceae, and Compositae, in which
Curator Steyermark specializes, continued to yield various novelties
now awaiting publication. In addition, much time was given to
identification of miscellaneous collections that were sent in for
determination from the United States and other countries.

Continuing his field work in Missouri as Research Associate of
Missouri Botanical Garden, Curator Steyermark conducted a number
of botanical collecting trips to that state between March and October.
These trips yielded new information on the detailed distribution of
species and varieties of the flora of Missouri and added a total of
nine species not previously found in that state. The collections,
to be incorporated in the herbaria of Missouri Botanical Garden and
Chicago Natural History Museum, will eventually serve as a basis
for the complete record of geographical distribution of each species
in Missouri as shown on maps to appear in a revised annotated
catalogue of the flowering plants and ferns of Missouri, published
in 1935 in collaboration with E. J. Palmer, formerly of the Arnold
Arboretum, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts. Work was completed
on the separation of type specimens from the main collection, making
these important specimens more readily accessible.

The Curator of Cryptogamic Botany, Dr. Francis Drouet,
devoted most of the year to curatorial work. The segregation of
forty thousand type specimens from among the eight hundred
thousand sheets on file in the cryptogamic herbarium was completed.
These specimens are now arranged alphabetically in a special case.
Another project, with the aid of Dr. Sidney F. Glassman, Assistant
from January to September, was likewise finished. The five thousand
photographs of fungi and the ten thousand original notes and draw-
ings by the late Dr. Edward Thomson Harper, whose large collec-

41

tions came to the Museum in 1920, were attached to the herbarium
sheets, thus greatly enhancing the value of one of the Museum's
most important collections of cryptogams. For this work Dr.
Glassman made prints of the Harper negatives, which are now
being transferred to the Division of Photography. Curator Drouet
and Dr. Glassman spent considerable time in preparing various
collections of cryptogams for mounting and in filing the twenty-five
thousand new specimens that were mounted during the year. Dr.
Drouet identified some eight thousand algae received for determina-
tion from correspondents in various parts of the world. Harold B.
Louderback and Dr. Joseph Rubinstein, of Chicago, assisted in the
onerous work of shifting the entire herbarium so that the collections
would be equally distributed within the cases.

Some progress was made toward completing Curator Drouet' s
revision of the unicellular blue-green algae in co-operation with
William A. Daily, of Butler University, who has now made photo-
micrographs of more than five hundred of the type specimens
involved. Mr. and Mrs. Daily spent several weekends at the
Museum in research on the collections of Myxophyceae and Char-
aceae. Dr. Hanford Tiffany, Research Associate, completed in
collaboration with Dr. Max Britton, also of Northwestern Uni-
versity, a treatise on the algae of Illinois now awaiting publication.
Donald Richards, Research Associate, continued his studies of
bryophytes, and Miss Margaret Feigley, volunteer worker, identified
large numbers of bryophytes. Dr. Glassman completed his manu-
script on the flora of Ponape (Caroline Islands) before he left in
September for the University of Wyoming.

While holding a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
Fellowship, Dr. Jos6 Cuatrecasas, former Curator of Colombian
Botany, carried on necessary studies at the Museum preliminary
to the preparation of a catalogue of the flora of Colombia, using as
a basis his own extensive collections as well as others represented
chiefly in the Museum's own herbarium. In addition he studied
numerous specimens received on loan from the United States
National Museum, New York Botanical Garden, Herbario Nacional
Colombiano, and Facultad de Agronomia del Valle. The Colombian
species of the following families have already been studied critically:
Araliaceae, Anacardiaceae, Bombacaceae, Burseraceae, Caprifoliaceae,
Connaraceae, Euphorbiaceae (gen. Hieronyma), Ldnaceae, Myrsin-
aceae, Proteaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Simarubaceae, Sterculiaceae,
Theophrastaceae, Thymeleaceae, Tiliaceae, and certain difficult genera
of the Compositae. Critical taxonomic work on some members of
the flora of Colombia necessitated study of species and specimens

42

Paco fruits (4 inches long and 2 inches in diameter) belong to a new species from
Colombia discovered and described as Grias multinervia Cuatr. by Dr. Jose Cuatrecasas.

from other South American countries (Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru,
and Brazil), especially in the families Bombacaceae, Sterculiaceae,
Tiliaceae, Moraceae, and Brunelliaceae. Taxonomic studies of several
genera of Compositae (Senecionae, Diplostephium, Espeletia) were
continued, and several contributions dealing with many new or
critical species gleaned mainly from his personal collections were
published or are awaiting publication. About two thousand South
American specimens (chiefly Colombian) sent by collectors or various
institutions as gifts, exchanges, or loans have been named, especially
in the groups on which Dr. Cuatrecasas worked in recent years.

43

Emil Sella, Curator of Exhibits, and Artist-Preparator Samuel H.
Grove, Jr., left early in March on a five- week trip to Florida covering
most of the state, including some of the keys, to collect flowering
specimens from plants of local and tropical species needed to supple-
ment various families in the synoptic exhibits in Hall 29. A stop
of several days was made near Tallahassee, where a number of
branches of southern conifers were collected with the generous
assistance of Dr. Herman Kurz and Dr. Chester S. Nielsen, of
Florida State University. After restoration these branches will be
added to the exhibits of North American woods in Hall 26. Several
visits were made to the United States Plant Introduction Garden
at Coconut Grove, where photographs of tropical species and some
important specimens for reproduction were obtained through the
kindness of Dr. Harold F. Loomis.

Mrs. Effie M. Schugman, with some assistance during the
summer, mounted more than twenty-five thousand specimens of
cryptogams and attended to the packaging of numerous loans and
of the 5,870 cryptogams sent to other institutions and individuals
in exchanges. Mr. Yule prepared most of the paper packets used
as containers for these specimens, in addition to those required
during the first few months of 1952, before he was transferred to the
phanerogamic division in September. Approximately twenty-six
thousand specimens were wet-poisoned and mounted for the phanero-
gamic herbarium by George A. Davis, Assistant, and associates.
Mrs. Jennie Beitzel mounted thousands of type photographs and
filed these and all mounted phanerogamic specimens.

Accessions— Botany

Although no major collections were added to the phanerogamic
herbarium during the year, numerous smaller ones were received.
The largest single collection, of 862 plants of Honduras collected
by Dr. Louis 0. Williams and Antonio Molina of the Escuela Agricola
Panamericana, was sent in exchange. Gifts include 209 plants of
Missouri from E. J. Palmer, 644 plants of Illinois and Indiana from
Floyd E. Swink, 187 plants of Utah and Indiana from John W.
Thieret, and 125 plants of Illinois from G. S. Winterringer of Illinois
State Museum. Other accessions include 410 plants of Peru from
Dr. Felipe Marin (purchase) ; 830 miscellaneous plants, mostly from
Central and South America, from the United States National Mu-
seum (exchange); 500 plants of Sweden from Gosta Kjellmert
(exchange); 200 plants of Japan from J. Ohwi, of Tokyo Science

44

Museum (exchange); 200 plants of Austria from the Botanisches
Institut und Botanischer Garten of the University of Vienna, col-
lected by Dr. H. Neumayer (exchange) ; 182 plants of Mexico from
the University of California, collected by Annie Alexander and
Louise Kellogg (exchange); and 175 plants of Costa Rica from
Missouri Botanical Garden, collected by Hugh litis and Richard
Holm (exchange). More than 29,500 cryptogams were purchased
with the Elmer J. and Donald Richards Funds. Noteworthy among
the collections thus acquired are 20,000 cryptogams from Dr. P. 0.
Schallert, of Altamonte Springs, Florida; 5,600 lichens from Dr.
Camillo Sbarbaro, of Genoa, Italy; and 1,067 algae and bryophytes
from the Vitenskapsselskapets Museum of Trondheim, Norway.
Cryptogams received in exchanges include 2,104 from the Con-
servatoire Botanique of Geneva, Switzerland, and 1,600 from the
Naturhistorisches Museum of Vienna, Austria.

Exhibits— Botany

Two important reproductions were added to the flowering-plant
exhibits in Martin A. and Carrie Ryerson Hall (Hall 29, Plant Life).
One model is a fruiting branch of elderberry (Sambucus canadensis),
a local member of the honeysuckle family, assembled by Artist-
Preparator Grove. The other model, made by Curator of Exhibits
Sella, is an epiphytic bromeliad (Tillandsia fasciculata) in flower,
strikingly different in appearance from the related and well-known
Spanish moss of the South of the same genus of the pineapple
family. The living material required for this reproduction was col-
lected during the Florida Botanical Field Trip. The exhibits in
Hall 29 of mushrooms, liverworts, and mosses and of the birch
family were reconditioned and rearranged in rebuilt cases of in-
creased depth. In the Hall of Foreign Woods (Hall 27) a specimen
of Norfolk Island pine (Araucaria), a gift from 0. A. Oaks, of
Wilmette, Illinois, was installed by Preparator Mathias Dones. The
following leafy branches were added to the wood exhibits in Charles
F. Millspaugh Hall (Hall 26, North American Trees) : cucumber tree
(Magnolia), persimmon (Diospyros), beech (Fagus), red oak (Quercus),
river and yellow birch (Betula), black walnut (Juglans), and black
tupelo (Nyssa). These were assembled by Artist-Preparator Milton
Copulos, except the branch of beech, which was made by Artist-
Preparator Grove. The life-like appearance of the plastic leaves
used in these exhibits invites close observation. The success of
preparing leaves in plastic, a technique developed at the Museum,

45

depends largely on the transfer of natural details to metal dies and
proper control of heat and pressure during the process of molding.
Preparator Frank Boryca is continuously occupied with making the
foliage needed for all reproductions. A preserved branch of white
cedar {Thuja) for Hall 26 was restored by Curator Sella. Chief
Curator Just planned and supervised the preparation and installa-
tion of the paleobotanical exhibits now on display in Hall 37.

*-^^R- -V Jis(^iii^^^^fe£4^^

Rhynia Gwynne- Vaughani Kidston
and Lang is one of the earliest and
most primitive vascular plants ever
found. It was discovered about
forty years ago near the village of
Rhynie in Aberdeenshire, Scotland,
in chert of Lower-Middle Devonian
age and later described in great
detail because of the remarkable
state of preservation of its external
and internal structural features. It
was a rootless and leafless marsh
plant about eight inches high, with
creeping underground and upright
stems. This life-size reconstruction,
the first ever made, was modeled
in glass by Emil Sella, Curator of
Exhibits, Department of Botany,
and is exhibited in the case showing
the principal groups of the plant
kingdom now placed on display in
the new Hall of Fossil Invertebrate
Animals and Fossil Plants (Hall 37).

AS

Department of Geology

Research and Expeditions

Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator of Geology, spent six months
in El Salvador as the Museum's representative in geology at the
Tropical Institute, El Salvador being primarily a land of volcanoes,
both active and dormant, Chief Curator Roy availed himself of the
opportunity offered and devoted most of his field work to studying
the structure of the main groups of volcanoes and making a repre-
sentative collection of the rocks composing them. Other important
field work in El Salvador consisted of securing pertinent data on the
fossiliferous marine limestone at Metapan and on the lacustrine
limestone, partly oolitic and partly fossiliferous, near Carolina
(Metapan and Carolina are small towns located, respectively, at
the northwest and northeast sides of El Salvador). While engaged
in work around Carolina, a rather uncommon occurrence of asphalt
mixed with opalized silica in basalt was observed. Samples were
collected with the hope that the origin of the asphalt could be
determined. The occurrence of asphalt and other varieties of bitumen
in igneous rocks has been noted previously, but the determination
of their origin has been difficult and not always conclusive.

Early in May a major disaster again struck southeastern El
Salvador. Without a warning tremor, two shocks of magnitude
6-6}4 all but destroyed several towns and killed and injured several
hundred people. The catastrophe offered Chief Curator Roy an
unexpected opportunity for first-hand field study of the stricken
areas. He visited the devastated towns and neighboring regions
several times and took numerous photographs and copious notes on
evidences that might furnish information regarding the origin, epi-
center, and intensity of the earthquake. On his way back to the
States he spent some days in Mexico and made a preliminary survey
of the new volcano Paricutin. He expects to return to Mexico in
1952 for a more detailed study of the volcano.

Studies of meteorites by Chief Curator Roy in collaboration with
Robert K. Wyant, Curator of Economic Geology, continued, and a
paper on the Benld meteorite was published by the Museum during
the year. Curator Wyant, who was to accompany Chief Curator
Roy to El Salvador but was unable to do so, prepared a complete
bibliography of the geology of El Salvador that was of great help
in familiarizing Chief Curator Roy with the various aspects of the
geology of El Salvador and will be of still greater help when the

47

Izalco, newest volcano in El Salvador (born in 1770), was photographed midway in
his successful climb to the summit by Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator of Geology.

results of the work done in El Salvador are being made ready for
publication. Curator Wyant spent much of his time in the chemical
laboratory in analytical work. He made detailed quantitative
chemical analyses of several stone meteorites and of sedimentary
rocks and from the bulk analyses determined the mineralogical
composition of the stone meteorites. In addition he made a statis-
tical study of the distribution of calcium, magnesium, and silica in
meteorites and examined thin-sections of all the feldspar-rich silicate
meteorites in the Museum collection.

George Langford, Curator of Fossil Plants, devoted his time
almost entirely to cataloguing, preparing, and identifying Upper
Cretaceous and Lower Eocene plants from the clay deposits of
western Tennessee, northern Mississippi, and northern Alabama.
The specimens, represented largely by leaves, were collected by him
in June and October with the assistance of Dr. R. H. Whitfield,
Associate in Fossil Plants, and Eugene S. Richardson, Jr., Curator
of Fossil Invertebrates. Curator Langford also spent several days
at various times at the strip coal mines near Wilmington, Will
County, Illinois, collecting Pennsylvanian flora and fauna. On
these trips he was frequently accompanied by Mrs. Langford, who
also volunteered her services to the Museum for nearly a month
to assist in preparing the fossil plants collected during the year.
As all of these fossils were collected from a clay deposit, it was

48

necessary to remove the adhering clay before the fossils could be
identified and permanently preserved. She did this with great
skill and patience.

Until the reopening on October 1 of Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall
(Hall 37, Fossil Invertebrate Animals and Fossil Plants) Curator
Richardson was engaged almost entirely in selecting, checking,
identifying, and labeling specimens for the new exhibits in that hall.
Since then he has been occupied chiefly in reorganizing the storage
of specimens in the study collection. In the new exhibits fewer
specimens have been used, with the result that several thousand
excellent fossil invertebrates were left over as surplus and had
to be removed to the study collection. Most of these have now
been placed in their proper sequence in the study collection, after
their identifications were checked and new labels typed. In the
course of this work many poor specimens or specimens with incom-
plete data were put aside to provide more space for the ever-
increasing study collection.

Dr. Robert H. Denison, Curator of Fossil Fishes, completed a
paper on the Late Devonian fresh-water fishes of the western United
States that was published during the year by the Museum. He
is now engaged in working on the Early Devonian fishes collected
in Utah in 1949 and 1950. The first part of this study dealing with
one group of ostracoderms (Osteostraci) is ready for publication,
and work on other ostracoderms (Heterostraci) is under way. The
environment of the earliest vertebrates is another problem that has
occupied his attention. Curator Denison visited a number of fossil-
fish localities in the eastern states during August and obtained col-
lections of Silurian ostracoderms in Pennsylvania, northern New
Jersey, and southeastern New York and a number of Devonian
fishes from the black shales of western New York and from the lime-
stones of Ohio.

Dr. Rainer Zangerl, Curator of Fossil Reptiles, prepared an
annotated bibliography on marine paleoecology of fossil reptiles
and Recent turtles for the National Research Council's "Treatise
on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology." His revision of the turtles
of the family Toxochelyidae is expected to be ready for publication
early in the year. He also spent a considerable amount of time in
preparing in detail one of the nothosaur skeletons from the Alcova
limestone of Wyoming in anticipation of a visit by Professor Bern-
hard Peyer of the University of Zurich, the foremost authority on
nothosaur morphology. Curator Zangerl made a study trip to the
University of California at Berkeley, accompanied by Professor
Peyer, and visited the major fossil-vertebrate localities along the

49

way. Of particular interest were the Western marine Triassic areas
and the collections from these beds at the University of California.
On a weekend excursion to investigate some Pennsylvanian deposits
in west-central Indiana, noticed by Curator Zangerl earlier in the
year, he and Professor Peyer discovered a narrow band of highly
bituminous shale that is extremely rich in vertebrate and invertebrate
fossil remains. Curators Zangerl, Richardson, and Denison made a
second trip to this locality later in the year.

The most interesting event in the Division of Fossil Mammals
during the year was the discovery in the Early Cretaceous of northern
Texas of molar teeth of the group from which all living mammals,
with the exception of the egg-laying monotremes, have descended.
Although few in number, these teeth demonstrate that the origin
of mammals of placental and marsupial grade dates back to at least
125 million years ago. In addition, they further clarify our knowl-
edge of mammalian relationships during the Age of Reptiles and,
most important of all, perhaps, contribute greatly to an understand-

The intensity of the disastrous earthquake that struck southeastern El Salvador in
May, 1951, may be judged by these photographs taken by Chief Curator Sharat K.Roy.

50

ing of the course of evolution followed by the mammalian dentition.
An account of these specimens and a discussion of their significance
will be prepared by Bryan Patterson, Curator of Fossil Mammals.
One of the most notable achievements in the history of the
Department of Geology was the work of the Marshall Field Paleon-
tological Expeditions to Argentina and Bolivia during 1922-24 and
192&-27. These expeditions, under the direction of Elmer S. Riggs,
Curator of Paleontology at that time, brought together magnificent
collections of fossil mammals from a number of Cenozoic formations.
Unfortunately, it has not been possible to realize the potential
importance of these collections because precise identification of many
of the specimens was not feasible from the literature alone and
could only be done by examination of material in the museums
of Argentina. The opportunity to carry out this long-needed work
has now been afforded by the award of a John Simon Guggenheim
Memorial Foundation Fellowship to Curator Patterson for research
on South American fossil vertebrates. Curator Patterson left for
Argentina near the end of the year and will devote 1952 to the task.
Upon his return it will at least be possible to describe the collections
in a manner that they deserve.

The program of field work in the Early Cretaceous Trinity sands
of northern Texas, a collaborative undertaking with Texas Memorial
Museum, begun in 1950, was continued during the year. Curator
Patterson and Chief Preparator Orville L. Gilpin devoted most of
April and May and part of June to excavating, washing, and sifting
the bone-bed that yields the fragmentary remains of mammals
and other vertebrates. The concentrate from approximately thirteen
tons was brought back to the laboratory, where it was reprocessed
before the laborious task of sorting under the microscope was
begun, and, to date, nearly eighty specimens of mammals have been
found. The significance of this figure becomes apparent when it
is realized that in all the world only some half-dozen mammals of
Early Cretaceous age had previously been discovered. In addition
to these forms, additional specimens of triconodonts have been
recovered and multituberculates have begun to appear for the
first time since this study began.

In September Preparator William D. Turnbull and Priscilla F.
Turnbull, Assistant in Fossil Vertebrates, accompanied by Richard
Konizeski, of the University of Chicago, made a short trip to Norman,
Oklahoma, and collected an excellently preserved and well-articu-
lated skeleton of the early Permian pelycosaur Cotylorhynchus romeri.
It is closely allied to Casea and will be an important addition to the
Museum's collection of Permian reptiles.

51

Accessions— Geology

The most valuable accession of fossil plants this year was the paleo-
botanical collection of the Walker Museum of the University of
Chicago. This extensive collection of fossil plants from various
geological ages and from various localities, received by the Museum
as a gift, was assembled during a period of nearly fifty years by
expeditions, purchases, and donations from many individuals. Coal-
measure plants, including numerous coal balls, constitute the largest
single part of the collection, and specimens from the Mesozoic and
Tertiary complement the Museum's existing collection. This gift
will permit expanded activity in the field of paleobotany and provide
excellent material for exhibition. Through the generosity of Jon S.
Whitfield, of Evanston, Illinois, the invertebrate-fossil collection was
enriched by 87 specimens from the Pennsylvanian coal-swamp
nodules of the Braidwood-Wilmington area, Illinois. These speci-
mens are the cream of Mr. Whitfield's personal collection made
during the past several years and add significantly to the unparalleled
representation of this fauna brought together by Curator Langford
as a valuable by-product of his years of collecting fossil plants from
the same region. It is noteworthy that Mr. Whitfield's gift includes
19 specimens of the small horeshoe crab Euprops and 21 specimens
of small aquatic crustaceans, all commonly regarded as rather rai'e
fossils. As in the past, the Museum has benefited greatly from the
gifts of fossil plants and contribution of time and effort by Mr.
Whitfield's parents, Dr. and Mrs. R. H. Whitfield, Associates in
the Division of Fossil Plants. Gifts to the collection of fossil verte-
brates include a large and well-preserved Ceratodus tooth from the
mammal-bearing Early Cretaceous Trinity sands of northern Texas
from L. H. Bridwell, four Devonian fishes from New York from
Alick L. Carter, and several Permian reptile and amphibian speci-
mens collected by Dr. Everett C. Olson, Research Associate, from
the University of Chicago. To the gem collection were added two
beautiful pieces of East Indian jewelry, a bracelet and a necklace,
gifts from Mrs. Samuella Crosby, of Chicago.

Exhibits— Geology

Thirteen exhibits (including four habitat groups) were completed
during the year and installed in the new Hall of Fossil Invertebrate
Animals and Fossil Plants (Hall 37, Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall),
which was reopened on October 1. By using modern methods to

52

COLD AND ASSOCIATED MINERALS

MfTALS AMD SULPMIDiS

COMHOHLV FOUND

WITH COLO

Three minerals commonly mistaken for gold are shown in this exhibit of native gold
and gold ores, one of the fifty-four exhibits in the Hall of Economic Geology (Hall 36).

display carefully selected material of educational value, it has been
possible to present to the public one of the outstanding halls of this
kind in the world. The hall now contains fifty- three exhibits arranged
in two sequences. On the south side of the hall twenty-three screens
and ten habitat groups constitute a historical sequence of the life
and geology of twelve geologic periods emphasizing 540 million years
of earth-history. Twenty cases on the north side of the hall show
fossil invertebrate animals and fossil plants systematically arranged
by natural groups to form a biological sequence.

The success of Hall 37 is in a large measure the result of the con-
certed effort of all concerned in the Department of Geology and to
the hearty co-operation of all other departments of the Museum.
Curator Richardson, Curator of Exhibits Harry E. Changnon, and
Preparators Henry Horback and Henry U. Taylor gave their un-
divided attention to the hall for the period of three years during

53

which it was being installed. They are to be congratulated for the
results achieved. Many of the illustrations in color and paleogeo-
graphic maps were done by John Conrad Hansen, departmental
Artist. The series of cases displaying fossil plants was prepared
and installed under the direction and advice of Dr. Theodor Just,
Chief Curator of Botany, in co-operation with Curator Langford.
The ten restoration groups are the work of George Marchand,
sculptor-artist, of Ebenezer, New York.

Installations in the Hall of Economic Geology (Hall 36) were
completed during the year with the addition of two exhibits. The
hall now contains fifty-four exhibits showing the minerals and ores
of economic importance and their uses. The mineral and meteorite
exhibits were moved from Hall 34 to Hall 35 (Clarence Buckingham
Hall) and the physical-geology exhibits formerly in Hall 35 were
removed from exhibition for modernization and reinstallation in a
new hall of physical geology (Hall 34). No new exhibit was installed
during the year by the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology, although
three Permian reptile skeletons were prepared and mounted for exhi-
bition by Chief Preparator Gilpin and Preparator Stanley Kuczek.

This habitat group in Hall 37 shows some of the typical marine animals that lived
among the coral reefs on the present site of Chicago about 365 million years ago.

54

Department of Zoology

Research and Expeditions

The principal research project for the year in the Division of Mam-
mals resulted in completion by Curator Colin C. Sanborn of the
report on the mammals collected by the Philippines Zoological
Expedition of 1946-47. Further studies were made by Curator
Sanborn of mammals from Yemen, Arabia, and from southeastern
Peru and of bats from Northeast Africa. He has begun the study of
a collection of rodents from Angola and has identified small collec-
tions from Siam and Bolivia for the National Museum of Siam and
for the branch of the Rockefeller Foundation in La Paz, Bolivia.
Philip Hershkovitz, Assistant Curator, was occupied throughout the
year with his mammal survey of Colombia, which lays the foundation
for further researches on the mammals of Colombia. His third year
in Colombia was devoted mainly to the exploration of the Bogota
region. Although activities of revolutionary bands made certain
areas inaccessible and the expedition was hampered by unfavorable
weather, the collections for the year amount to more than one
thousand specimens.

In the Division of Birds the principal research activities of Dr.
Austin L. Rand, Curator, were devoted to his field work in El
Salvador as the Museum's representative in zoology at the Tropical
Institute and to the subsequent completion, with Melvin A. Traylor,
Jr., Research Associate, of the manuscript for a handbook on the
birds of El Salvador to be published in Spanish translation. Curator
Rand was also engaged in study of a collection of birds from Nepal,
in various revisionary studies of African birds, and in further re-
searches on Philippine birds in association with D. S. Rabor, of
Silliman University, Philippine Islands, visiting Guggenheim Fellow.
Emmet R. Blake, Associate Curator, was occupied throughout the
year with his field guide to Mexican birds, to be published by the
University of Chicago Press. It should be emphasized that sum-
maries of this nature, like that of Curator Rand for the birds of
El Salvador, form a by-product of the more technical researches in
museums and that their prepai'ation is an essential service that can
come only from museums and museum scientists. Research Associate
Traylor, in addition to working with Curator Rand, made taxonomic
studies of bird collections from Peru and Paraguay. Mrs Ellen T.
Smith, Associate, devoted much of her time to curatorial work, and
her aid has been especially valuable during the year in connection

55

with the rearrangement of the Conover Collection. A program of
collecting, mainly birds, in the rain-forest of Gabon, French Equa-
torial Africa, was continued for the Museum by Harry A. Beatty,
of New York.

Clifford H. Pope, Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles, continued
his studies of North American salamanders, completing a study of
the interesting Ouachita Mountain species Plethodon ouachitae and
extending his field work to Mexico, where July and August were
spent with Charles M. Bogert, of the American Museum of Natural
History, New York, and Dr. Archie F. Carr, of the University of
Florida, in exploration of the Volcan Toluca on the escarpment of
the Mexican plateau. Curator Pope has conferred with the staff
of the School of Medicine, Northwestern University, and Lincoln
Park Zoo regarding initiation of a program of study of snake venoms.
He joined J. D. Romer, of Hong Kong, in the description of a new
species of frog from that island. Chief Curator Karl P. Schmidt
resumed his study of American coral snakes, prepared a paper on
a collection of amphibians and reptiles of Iran, and continued work
on a new edition of the Checklist of North American Amphibians and
Reptiles. Stanley Rand, who accompanied his father to El Salvador,
worked on his resulting collection of amphibians and reptiles during
July and August for the purpose of preparing a report for publica-
tion by the Museum. A long-term interest of the Division of Reptiles,
the measuring and marking of blue racers from a hibernation aggrega-
tion of this interesting local species of snake, was continued in the
Indiana dunes region by Miss Laura Brodie, Assistant. This activity
was begun in 1935 by Chief Curator Schmidt and has been carried
on intermittently by various members of the zoology staff.

Loren P. Woods, Curator of Fishes, continued his investigations
of the ecological distribution and taxonomy of the fishes of the Gulf
of Mexico. Trips to the northern Gulf and to the Campeche Banks
were made on the United States Fish and Wildlife Service research
vessel Oregon at the invitation of Stewart Springer, fishery engineer.
Robert F. Inger, Assistant Curator, continued his studies of the
brackish and fresh-water fishes of Borneo, based on the collections
of the Museum's Borneo Zoological Expedition of 1950. His col-
lections and studies in North Borneo form a valuable supplement
to our knowledge of the fishes of the vast island, whose area amounts
to nearly three hundred thousand square miles. He completed his
review of the Amphibia of the Philippine Islands, drawn up in com-
prehensive form in the hope of making it useful to the new generation
of students of zoology in the Philippines. His report is based on
the Philippines Zoological Expedition of 1946-47. As part of a

56

This model of the handsome red'tailed and shield-headed catfish of the Amazon
Basin, from a specimen presented by John G. Shedd Aquarium, is shown in Hall O.

program of renewed study of cave fishes of North America, Curator
Woods and Assistant Curator Inger made three field trips to southern
Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri and to Kentucky, where they visited
a total of twenty-four caves and fourteen springs. A checklist of
the fishes of the deep sea (below 1,000 fathoms) is in preparation by
Mrs. Marion Grey, Associate.

Research activities in the Division of Vertebrate Anatomy were
curtailed by its transfer to new quarters. Curator D. D wight Davis
worked on the anatomy of the head of the salamander Cryptobranchus
and on the baculum of the gorilla and, in relation to the monograph
on the giant panda, continued studies of the anatomy of carnivores.
Dr. R. M. Strong, in addition to his work for the Conservation
Council of Chicago and management of the Illinois Audubon Society,
continued study of the anatomy of the mud-puppy Necturus.

The most important completed research in the Division of Insects
was the study of rove beetles of the group Gyrophaenae by Research
Associate Charles H. Seevers. Curator Rupert L. Wenzel continued
his studies of the beetles of the family Histeridae and at the end
of the year was engaged in the study of types in various European
museums. Associate Curator Henry S. Dybas made a study trip
to several museums in the eastern states, where he examined im-
portant type-material to further his studies of the minute fungus
inhabiting beetles of the family Ptiliidae. William J. Gerhard (who
became Curator Emeritus on January 1 at his own request and com-
pleted in September his fiftieth consecutive year in the Division of
Insects) has been occupied since his retirement chiefly with the
organization of the Division's large library of pamphlets and the

57

transfer of the Strecker Collection of butterflies and moths to
permanent drawers in the new metal cases made possible by the
expansion of the Division of Insects in 1950-51. In addition, the
great experience and knowledge of the Curator Emeritus are being
constantly drawn upon by his fellow workers in the Division and in
the Museum. Field work of the Division of Insects was limited to
local trips to investigate such special habitats as tree-holes and
pocket-gopher burrows, which are still quite inadequately known
even in the Chicago area.

Dr. Fritz Haas, Curator of Lower Invertebrates, finished his
study of the brackish and fresh-water mollusks of Bermuda based
on his collections of 1947, 1948, and 1950 and completed a report
on a collection of shells from the Near East made in 1950 by Dr.
Henry Field, former member of the Museum staff, on his expedition
for the Peabody Museum of Harvard University. Curator Haas
made a study of the Unionaceae for the forthcoming "Treatise on
Invertebrate Paleontology," and at the end of the year final work
was under way on his monograph of the bivalves (begun long before
World War II) for Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreiches,
the great German work on the animal kingdom.

The routine work of the Department of Zoology operates as an
essential aid to the research program as a whole. The organization
of the departmental files of illustrations continued under the direction
of Miss Brodie, Assistant. Miss Margaret G. Bradbury, Artist,
prepared drawings for the Divisions of Reptiles and Fishes and for
a paper by the Chief Curator. Mrs. Dorothy B. Foss, Osteologist,
continued the work of preparing skeletons for the Division of
Vertebrate Anatomy and of skulls for the Division of Mammals.
Hymen Marx, Assistant, bore the load of accessioning, cataloguing,
numbering, and labeling incoming material in the Division of Rep-
tiles, and August Ziemer, Assistant, had charge of pinning and
preparation in the Division of Insects.

Exhibits— Zoology

The body of Bushman, the famous gorilla of Lincoln Park Zoo,
was prepared for exhibition by a combination of techniques. The
face and feet were made as celluloid models by the Walters Process
and these were combined with the mounted skin, the assembled
whole being a combination of the skills of Taxidermists Leon L.
Walters and Frank C. Wonder and Artist Joseph B. Krstolich. After
temporary exhibition in Lincoln Park Zoo, Bushman was returned

58

This celluloid model of the spectacled cobra of southeastern Asia shown in its warning
attitude is based on a specimen that was received from the Chicago Zoological Society.

to the Museum for a permanent place in the Museum's hall of
African mammals (Hall 22, Carl E. Akeley Memorial Hall). No
technique other than celluloid reproduction could have made the
hairless face, with its translucent fleshy skin, appear so life-like, and
Bushman's expression of repose and of almost arrogant indifference
to his multitude of visitors has been wonderfully caught by Taxi-
dermist Walters. The addition of the new gorilla makes possible
the retirement from exhibition of three gorillas that date from the
early years of the Museum and represent the style of taxidermy in
vogue in the last century.

Two cases were added to the series of subjective exhibits that
supplement the systematic collection of birds of the world in Board-
man Conover Hall (Hall 21). The first of these shows the principles
of camouflage by countershading and adaptive resemblance as well
as the less evidently adaptive conspicuous colorations. The second
shows noteworthy types of hybridization in birds and sets forth a

59

series of the remarkable natural hybrids between the blue-winged
warbler and the golden-winged warbler in the eastern United States,
which segregate out as Brewster's warbler and Lawrence's warbler
in the second generation. Work is in progress on the synoptic
series of birds of the world by Taxidermist Carl W. Cotton. Taxi-
dermist Walters and Taxidermist Ronald J. Lambert have revised
and relettered the screens of cobras and their allies and of vipers,
and these exhibits have been reinstalled in Albert W. Harris Hall
(Hall 18, Reptiles, Amphibians, and Insects). Revision of the screens
of turtles has involved field work by Taxidermist Lambert, who is
making natural ground-work bases for the specimens by a celluloid
infiltration technique. A model of the red-tailed catfish of South
America, prepared by Taxidermist Wonder, was placed on exhibition
in the Hall of Fishes (Hall 0). The species is remarkable for the
bony shield that covers the head and back as well as for brilliant
coloration. The specimen on which the model is based was received
from the John G. Shedd Aquarium. Artist Krstolich resumed work
on the exhibit for the Hall of Anatomy (Hall 19) that will answer
the question "What Is a Muscle?"

Accessions— Zoology

By far the most important accession in the year for the Division
of Reptiles was the gift from Mrs. Sherman C. Bishop, of Rochester,
New York, and Mrs. Daniel W. O'Dell, of Ithaca, New York, of the
collection of salamanders accumulated by the late Professor Bishop
that formed the basis of his Handbook of North American Salamanders.
The active study of these creatures initiated by Curator Pope makes
it appropriate that the Bishop Collection should be in his charge.
Because of the transfer of the Division of Reptiles to the ground
floor in 1952, the collection, in its 1,500 jars, will not be unpacked
until the new storage space is prepared. With this collection, thanks
to the authorities of the University of Rochester, the Museum
received also the university's entire collection of amphibians and
reptiles, including excellent series of turtles. Other significant gifts
are 52 amphibians and reptiles of Colombia from Hermano Daniel;
26 salamanders of Kentucky from Dr. Roger W. Barbour; and 72
salamanders of North Carolina from Dr. James Kezer. A share of
the amphibians and reptiles collected by the Hopkins-Branner Ex-
pedition to Brazil in 1911 was acquired in exchange for the prepara-
tion of a report on the collection, which is now in the California
Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.

60

The outstanding gift in the Division of Insects is the collection
of about 10,000 rove beetles (including 24 holotypes and 1,800
paratypes of 33 species) that formed the basis for the paper by
Research Associate Seevers on the Gyrophaenae published this
year by the Museum. A notable purchase is the Eugene Ray
Collection of mordellid beetles, which adds to the collections another
broadly representative world-wide family unit consisting of about
6,000 specimens, with 13 holotypes and some 200 paratypes. The
collections of this family available in the Museum include the
Liljeblad Collection on long-term loan from the Museum of Zoology

Bushman, famous gorilla of Lincoln Park Zoo, is now on exhibition at the Museum,

61

of the University of Michigan. The major accession of the year and
one of the most important acquisitions in the history of the Division
of Insects is the Bernhauer Collection of Staphylinidae, including
library and correspondence, which was purchased from an heir in
Vienna, Austria, but had not yet arrived at the end of the year.
A preliminary examination of the collection in Vienna by Curator
Wenzel indicates that types of from 4,000 to 5,000 species of Staphy-
linidae are represented in the collection of perhaps 100,000 specimens,
but a more detailed inventory must await the arrival of the collection
at the Museum. Packing and shipping of insects is always a special
problem because of the delicate nature of the material. The Bern-
hauer Collection, because of its location in a distant country (Vienna
is surrounded by a Soviet Zone), posed an especially exacting
problem. Curator Wenzel devoted more than a month before his
type-study project in European museums to the arduous and
intricate preparations involved in transferring this unique scientific
material to this Museum, where it will be integrated with the
Museum's other important collections of beetles.

The acquisition by purchase of the collection of fishes of Carnegie
Museum, Pittsburgh, represents the most important single accession
in the history of the Division of Fishes. This collection, of approxi-
mately 40,000 specimens, comprises more than 11,000 lots of fishes,
including the famous South American material gathered by Dr.
Carl H. Eigenmann and his students, several large collections from
Japanese waters, and many smaller series from areas until now
unrepresented in the Museum. The collection more than doubles
the number of type specimens of fishes in the Museum and adds a
large number of genera and families hitherto not available to the
staff. It is anticipated that students from other institutions as well
as the staff of this Museum will benefit by having this extremely
important material made available for study.

Gifts of outstanding importance in the Division of Lower Inverte-
brates came from Peabody Museum, Harvard University, and Leslie
Hubricht, of Danville, Virginia. Exchange relations for mollusks
were maintained with the United States National Museum, Wash-
ington, D.C., by which paratypes are acquired by both institutions.
Generous gifts of shells, fishes, mammals, birds, reptiles, and am-
phibians of Yemen collected by Field Associate Harry Hoogstraal
represent in the Museum collections for the first time this little-known
corner of Arabia. The body of the gorilla Bushman, who died at
Lincoln Park Zoo on New Year's Day, 1951, was received by the
Museum and formed the basis of the reproduction for permanent
exhibition by the Museum's taxidermy staff.

62

LIBRARY OF THE MUSEUM

Any library bears the marks of the individuals who have contributed
to its growth, and this is especially true of the Library of Chicago
Natural History Museum. Throughout the years the Library has
participated in the generous gifts made to the Museum by those
having its welfare at heart. Represented among the holdings in
the four major divisions of the Library are contributions consisting
of individual volumes, complete sets of works covering special
fields, and entire private collections. This past year the Library
has again been the fortunate recipient of another generous gift — the
large personal collection of ornithological books and periodicals
bequeathed to it by the late Boardman Conover, Trustee of the
Museum and Research Associate in the Division of Birds. (For
names of all donors in 1951, see page 100.)

In accordance with the traditional policy of building up the
Library's collection by a highly selective process, the year has been
characterized by important acquisitions to meet the expanding needs
in research of the staff and of scholars who depend upon the Library's
resources. The addition of 1,956 volumes represents both books
and serials. This aggregation includes publications covering the
newer branches of scientific endeavor in the four major divisions of
the Museum's field of interest as well as rare and difficult-to-obtain
desiderata. The following selections are some of the long-wanted
items that recently have been acquired:

BOOKS

Bernardi, A. C, Monographie du genre Conus (1861)

Bordas, Leonard, Recherches sur les organes reproducteurs mdles des coleopteres

{anatomie comparee, histologie, matiere fecondante) (1900)
Bourguignat, Jules Rene, Apergu sur les Unionidae de la peninsule italique

(1883)

, Histoire des Melaniens du systeme Europeen (1884)

• , Histoire malacologique du Lac Tanganika (Afrique equatoriale) (1890)

, Melanidies du Lac Nyassa suivers d'un apergu comparatif sur la faune

malacologique de ce lac avec celle du grand Lac Tanganika (1889)

Buitenzorg, Java. *s Lands plantentiun, Icones borgorienses, 4 v. (1897-1914)

Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de, Theorie elementaire de la botanique, ou Ex-
position des principes de la classification naturelle et de I'art de decrire et
d'etudier les vegetaux, 2nd ed. (1819)

Casey, Thomas Lincoln, Contributions to the descriptive and systematic coleop-
terology of North America, 2 pts. (1884-85)

Clercq, Frederik Sigismund Alexander de, Nieuw plantkundig woordenboek
voor Nederlandsch Indie (1927)

De Geer, Charles, Memoires pour servir a, I'histoire des insectes, 7 v. (1752-78)

Devoid, J., and P. F. Scholander, Flowering plants and ferns of southeast
Greenland (1933)

63

BOOKS (continued)

Fabricius, Johann Christian, Epitome Entomologiae Fabricianae, sive No-

menclator Entomologicus emendatus, sistens Fabriciani Systematis cum

Linneano comparationem (1797)
Ganglbauer, Ludwig, Die Kdfer von Mitteleuropa, Bd. 1-4 (1892-1904)
Hagelstein, Robert, The Mycetozoa of North America (1944)
Harcourt, Raoul d', and Marguerite (Beclaid) d' Harcourt, La musique des

Incas et ses survivances (1925)
Hawks, Ellison, Pioneers of plant study (1928)

Hegi, Gustav, Illustrierte flora von Mitteleuropa, Bd. 1-2, 2 aufl. (1936-39)
Herzog, Theodor, Geographie der Moose (1926)

Holandre, Jean Joseph Jacques, Faune du departemente de la Moselle (1836)
Holder, Charles Frederick, Living lights, a popular account of phosphorescent

animals and vegetables (1887)
Kerner, Anton Joseph, Ritter von Marilaun, Pflanzenleben, 3 aufl. neubearb.,

3 V. (1913-16)
Kerner, Anton Joseph, Ritter von Marilaun, and Francis Wall Oliver, The

natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribu-
tion, 2 V. (1902)
Kobelt, Wilhelm, Studien zur zoogeographie, 2 v. (1897-98)
Kudo, Yushun, Taxonomy of Japanese useful trees and shrubs (Nihon yuyo

jumoku bunruigaku) (1943)
Linn^, Carl von, Caroli Linnaei Entomologia, faunae suecicae descriptionibus

aucta, 4 v. (1789)
Lister, Arthur, A monograph of the Mycetozoa, a descriptive catalog of the

species in the Herbarium of the British Museum (1925)
Lucas, H., Entomologie de Vexpedition de Castelnau dans les parties centres de

I'Amerique du Sud (1843-47)
Mellis, John Charles, St. Helena: a physical, historical and topographical

description of the island, including its geology, fauna, flora and meteorology

(1875)
Miller, William, A dictionary of English names of plants applied in England

and among English-speaking people to cultivated and wild plants, trees

and shrubs (1884)
Mousson, Joseph Rudolph Albert, Revision de la faune mMacologique des

Canaries (1873)
Oviedo y Valdes, Gonzalo Fernandez de, Historia general y natural de las

Indias, islas y tierrafirme del mxir oceano, 14 v. (1844-45)
Pabst, G., ed., Koehler's medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen abbildungen mil

kurz erlduterndem Texte, 4 v. (18837-1914?)
Rondani, Camillo, Dipterologiae italicae, facsimili ed., 8 v. (1856-80)
Rossi, Pietro, Fauna Etrusca, sistens insecta quae in provinciis Florentina et

Pisana praesertim collegit Petrus Rossius, 2 v. (1790)
Scott, Dukinfield Henry, Studies in fossil botany, 3rd ed. (1920-23)
Sim, Thomas Robertson, The ferns of South Africa, 2nd ed. (1915)
Sowerby, James, English botany, 13 v. (1863-1902)
Thunberg, Karl Peter, Dissertatio entomologica novas insectorum species,

sistens insecta suecica, 9 pts. (1781-91)

- — , Dissertatio entomologica sistens insecta suecica, 7 pts. (1784-95)

Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren Merkmalen

und nach ihrer Lebensweise, 40 pts. (1925-42)
Tierwelt Mitteleuropas. Insecta, Bd. 4-6 (n.d.)
Walker, Francis, Insecta Britannica. Diptera, v. 1-3 (1851-56)
Watson, H. C, Compendium of the Cybele Britannica, 3 v. (1868-70)
Zahlbruckner, Alexander, Catalogus lichenum universalis, 10 v. (1922-40)

64

SERIALS

Abeille; journal d'entomologie (Societe Entomologique de France), v. 1-10
(1864-73)

Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica (Societas Phytogeographia), v. 3-14

(1933-50)
Anatomical record, v. 52-108 (1932-50)

Anatomische nachrichten; amtliches organ der Anatomischen Gesellschaft, v. 1 —
(1949—)

Annals of botany, n.s., v. 9 — (1945 — )

Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft, Berlin. Zeitschrift, v. 4-16, 18-22, 25-39
(1851-89)

Index of fungi, v. 1 — (1940 — )

Konowia: Beitrage zur systematischen Insektenkunde, v. 1 — (1922 — )

Linnaea entomologica. Zeitschrift hrsg. von dem Entomologischen Vereine

in Stettin, v, 1-15 (1846-63)
Magazin der entomologie. Hrsg. von Dr. E. F. Germar, 4 v. (1813-21)
Magazin fur Insektenkunde. Hrsg. von Karl Illiger, v. 1-5 (1802-06)
Munchner Koleopterologische Zeitschrift. Organ fur allgemeine Systematik

der Koleopteren und fiir die Koleopteren-fauna der Palaarktischen

Region, 3 v. (1902-08)

Naturwissenschaften, Die, v. 23-37 (1935-50)

Petites nouvelles entomologiques, v. 1-2, nos. 1-216 (1869-March 1879)

Praehistorische zeitschrift, v. 1-4 (1902-12)

Revue Suisse de Zoologie. Annales de la Societe Naturelle de Geneve, v. 1-53

(1893-1946)
Societa Entomologica Italiana, Florence. Memorie, v. 1-9, 11-12 (1922-34)
Societe Fouad ler d'Entomologie, Cairo, Bulletin, v. 1-9, 11-12, 14-21,

24-29 (1908-45)

Suomen Hyoenteistiellinen aikakauskirja (Annales Entomologici Fennici)

V. 1-10 (1935-44)
Wiener Entomologen Verein, Vienna. Zeitschrift, v. 1-27 (1916-42)

One of the major current activities of the Library, the reclassi-
fication of its collection according to the Library of Congress classi-
fication, long retarded by the lack of an adequate cataloguing staff,
made unusual progress during 1951 because of the assignment in
March of a special separate project to each of the three classifiers.
The outstanding progress made in classification this year is due
primarily to the organizing ability of the Librarian, Mrs. Meta P.
Howell, who has inspired her group of loyal and capable assistants
to exert their best efforts in attaining the results noted. The fine
co-operation of the Library staff with the members of our own
scientific staff and with visitors interested in using the facilities of
our Library is a matter in which the Museum takes keen pride.

During the period from December, 1950, through November,
1951, a total number of 7,267 volumes were classified under the
Library of Congress classification. Of this number, 5,509 covered
reclassified material and 1,758 new publications. The number of

65

cards filed during the year in the author, title, and subject catalogue
totaled 18,568. The complete report of volumes classified under
Library of Congress classification to November 30, 1951, numbers
30,724, with a total of 63,329 cards covering author, title, and
subject entries. Approximately 750 volumes were sent to the
bindery, including new and reclassified material. Weeding-out of
material not directly related to the Museum's needs or falling within
the scope of its activities has continued to provide valuable stack
space for new acquisitions, including important serial publications
of scientific societies and research organizations.

Although interlibrary-loan service has long been an important
function of the Library, the service continues to expand to include
more allied institutions. A library is as essential to research as are
modern equipment and methods, and yet libraries cannot hope to
acquire all the vast amount of scientific research data now being
published throughout the world. Thus the exchange of material
through the co-operative system of interlibrary loan provides satis-
factory distribution of data needed for research. The courtesy and
co-operation of all libraries participating in this valuable endeavor
is profoundly appreciated by the Museum Library. The exchange
of both domestic and foreign publications has also expanded, and
the Library now has an active file of 1,855 publications received
in exchange. Revision of the exchange files is a daily procedure and,
although some foreign files still are incomplete for the war years,
the vast amount of correspondence outstanding should bring results
in filling these gaps. In addition, the Library subscribes for 277
scientific journals. The number of research publications received
regularly, both in exchange and through subscription, totals 2,132,
87 per cent of which number is received through exchange.

MOTION PICTURES

The Museum film, "Through These Doors," has been used widely
throughout the Middle West and occasionally in distant cities to
tell the story of what the Museum is doing. Miss Harriet Smith,
of the James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation, left
the Museum in September to make an extended tour with the film
under the direction of the International Film Bureau of Chicago.
She will return to the Museum in February, 1952. Work in the
Division of Motion Pictures, in addition to the normal care of our
films, consisted largely in producing short-subject films for the use
of the Raymond Foundation.

66

PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION

Douglas E. Tibbitts, Staff Illustrator, finished during the year more
than 350 separate pieces of miscellaneous art work for the depart-
ments and divisions of the Museum. Major projects, of which sixteen
remained in progress at the end of the year, included illustrations
for two series of Museum Stories for Children and for future publica-
tions such as "The Orchids of Guatemala" and "Guide to the Birds
of Mexico," semidiagrammatic floor plans for the Museum guide,
drawings of the dentition of early Cretaceous mammals, and charts
of diggings at a site of early culture in South America. The Division
of Photography made during the year a total of 9,670 negatives,
prints, enlargements, and lantern slides. More than 108,000 nega-
tives are now in the photography files.

PUBLIC RELATIONS

From the standpoint of publicity the most important events of the
year at the Museum were the opening of Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall
(Hall 37) with its new series of spectacular exhibits of fossil inverte-
brate animals and fossil plants and the acquisition for permanent
exhibition of the gorilla Bushman of Lincoln Park Zoo after his
death on New Year's Day. The press also gave generous amounts
of space and impressive layouts of pictures and stories to the annual
exhibit of nature photography sponsored by the Nature Camera
Club of Chicago and the Museum, the special exhibit of the work
of amateur jewelry craftsmen held at the Museum by the Chicago
Lapidary Club, and other events.

Stories released directly to the press by the Public Relations
Counsel totaled 258. Many of them were accompanied by photo-
graphs made by the Museum's staff photographer, while others
attracted the attention of editors who assigned their own reporters
and photographers to give more extensive coverage. As usual,
publicity was augmented by issuing to newspapers advance proofs
of the more important stories published in the Museum Bulletin
and by a variety of other means customarily employed in public
relations work. The Museum is pleased to make special acknowl-
edgment to the publishers, executives, and editorial staffs of the
Chicago Herald-American, Chicago Tribune, Chicago Sun-Times,
Chicago Daily News, Associated Press, Acme News Pictures, Inter-
national News Service, United Press Association, Science Service,
and International News Photos. For its important assistance in

67

'^i•W!'llWVMmi

i^^J>J:SS»!jS^%S*^5SS< ,^ AV.

1

CLOTHING AND
ORNAMENT

Mo

A special exhibit, ''Peoples of the U. S. Trust Territory and Guam/' included a loan
collection from Honolulu Academy of Arts and objects from the Museum collections.

the transmission on frequent occasions of urgent news matter to tlie
Chicago newspaper offices by its pneumatic tubes, special thanks
are given to the City News Bureau of Chicago. Additional publicity,
obtained through the co-operation of radio and television stations
and networks, reached audiences on news broadcasting programs,
feature programs, and educational forums. Among the radio stations
and networks that contributed time to the Museum were WGN,
WGN-TV, WMAQ, WIND, WBBM, WENR, WLS, WJJD, Na-
tional Broadcasting Company, Mutual Broadcasting System, Ameri-
can Broadcasting Company, and Columbia Broadcasting System.

The Museum Bulletin was published and distributed regularly
each month. This organ, which maintains monthly contact between
the Museum and its several thousand Members, serves as a publica-
tion for exchange with scientific and civic institutions and also
for carrying information about the Museum to the press. Travel
bureaus, department stores, civic agencies of many types, and the
other museums of Chicago assisted in the distribution of many
thousands of folders planned particularly to attract tourists in
Chicago to visit the Museum. Posters advertising the Museum's
two lecture courses for adults and the Raymond Foundation's three
series of programs for children were placed on station platforms and
in passenger coaches through the co-operation of the Chicago and
North Western Railway, the Illinois Central System, the Chicago,
Aurora and Elgin Railroad, and the Chicago Transit Authority.

68

PUBLICATIONS AND PRINTING

In accordance with the Museum's custom, a large part of the dis-
tribution of its scientific pubHcations during the year was made
without charge to the institutions and scientists in forty-seven
states and seventy foreign countries with which the Museum has
exchange relations. Forty-seven new exchanges were established.
A total of 22,551 copies of scientific papers was distributed in
exchange, while sales included 4,603 copies in the scientific series,
7,900 copies in the popular series, and 28,549 copies of miscellaneous
publications, most of which were copies of the General Guide to the
Museum's exhibits (see page 89). It is of interest that twenty-one
colleges and universities used the Museum's popular-series booklet
Prehistoric Men as a supplementary text in 1951. For future dis-
tribution 22,700 copies of publications were wrapped and stored.

The Museum printed during the year twenty-nine publications
in its scientific series, four (three reprints) in its popular series, one
annual report, and nine indexes to volumes. The total number of
copies printed was 52,546, of which 50,696 copies were printed by
letterpress, with a total of 1,720 pages of type composition, and
1,850 copies were printed by the Vari-type-offset process, with a
total of 360 pages of Vari-type composition. Twelve numbers of
Chicago Natural History Museum Bulletin were printed, averaging
6,000 copies an issue. Other work by letterpress included posters,
price lists, lecture schedules. Museum labels, post cards. Museum
stationery, and specimen tags, totaling 715,606 impressions. Two
series of Museum Stories for Children and miscellaneous work by
the Vari-type-offset process totaled 229,596 impressions.

Publications printed in 1951 by the Division of Printing of
Chicago Natural History Museum are:

DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY

Braidwood, Robert J.

Prehistoric Men, Popular Series, Anthropology, no. 37, 122 pages, 28 illustra-
tions (reprint)

Lewis, Albert B.

People of the South Pacific, Handbooks, Anthropology, 259 pages, 60 illustra-
tions (reprint)

Martin, Richard A.

Mummies, Popular Series, Anthropology, no. 36, 18 pages, 20 illustrations
(reprint)

QuiMBY, George I.

The Medora Site, West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, Anthropological Series,
vol. 24, no. 2, 59 pages, 21 illustrations

69

i

DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY (continued)

QuiMBY, George I., and Alexander Spoehr

Acculteration and Material Culture — /, Fieldiana: Anthropology, vol. 36,
no. 6, 41 pages, 29 illustrations

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

Cuatrecasas, Josfi

Contributions to the Flora of South America: Studies on Andean Compositae — //,
Studies in South American Plants — ///, Fieldiana: Botany, vol. 27, no. 2,
113 pages, 7 illustrations

Macbride, J. Francis

Flora of Peru, Botanical Series, vol. 13, part 3A, no. 1, 290 pages

Steyermark, Julian A., and Collaborators

Contributions to the Flora of Venezuela, Fieldiana: Botany, vol. 28, no. 1, 242
pages, 42 illustrations

DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY

Denison, Robert H.

Evolution and Classification of the Osteostraci and The Exoskeleton of Early
Osteostraci, Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 11, nos. 3 and 4, 64 pages, 18 illustrations
Late Devonian Fresh-Water Fishes from the Western United States, Fieldiana:
Geology, vol. 11, no. 5, 43 pages 12 illustrations

HooiJER, Dirk A., and Edwin H. Colbert

A Mastodont Tooth from Szechwan, China, Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 10, no. 12,
6 pages, 2 illustrations

Olson, Everett Claire

Diplocaulus, A Study in Growth and Variation, Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 11,
no. 2, 115 pages, 18 illustrations

Fauna of Upper Vale and Choza: 1-5, Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 10, no. 11,
40 pages, 16 illustrations

Roy, Sharat Kumar, and Robert Kriss Wyant

The Benld Meteorite, Geological Series, vol. 7, no. 11, 13 pages 13 illustrations

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY

Davis, D. Dwight

The Baculum of the Gorilla, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 54, 3 pages,
1 illustration

Haas, Fritz

Non-Marine Shells from Borneo Collected by the Borneo Zoological Expedition,
1950, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 52, 6 pages, 3 illustrations
Remarks on and Descriptions of South American Non-Marine Shells, Fieldiana:
Zoology, vol. 31, no. 46, 43 pages, 30 illustrations

Haas, Georg

On the Clausiliidae of Palestine, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 45, 24 pages,
8 illustrations

70

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY (continued)

Hershkovitz, Philip

Mammals from British Honduras, Mexico, Jamaica and Haiti, Fieldiana:
Zoology, vol. 31, no. 47, 23 pages, 1 map

HOOGSTRAAL, HARRY

Philippine Zoological Expedition, 1 91^6-1 9^7, Narrative and Itinerary, Fieldiana :
Zoology, vol. 33, no. 1, 93 pages, 14 illustrations

Mertens, Robert

A New Lizard of the Genus Varanus from New Guinea, Fieldiana: Zoology,
vol. 31, no. 43, 5 pages, 1 illustration •

Pope, Clifford H., and J. D. Romer

A New Ranid Frog (Staurois) from the Colony of Hongkong, Fieldiana: Zoology,
vol. 31, no. 50, 4 pages, 2 illustrations

Rand, Austin L.

Birds from Liberia, with a Discussion of Barriers between Upper and Lower
Guinea Subspecies, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 32, no. 9, 96 pages, 1 map
Birds of Negros Island, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 48, 26 pages
Review of the Subspecies of the Sunbird, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 49,
11 pages, 1 map

Sanborn, Colin Campbell

Two New Mammxils from Southern Peru, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 44,
5 pages, 2 illustrations

Schmidt, Karl P.

The Truth about Snake Stories, Popular Series, Zoology, no. 10, 23 pages,
9 illustrations

Schmidt, Karl P., and Robert F. Inger

Amphibians and Reptiles of the Hopkins-Branner Expedition to Brazil, Fieldiana:
Zoology, vol. 31, no. 42, 27 pages, 1 illustration

Seevers, Charles H.

A Revision of the North American and European Staphylinid Beetles of the
Subtribe Gyrophaenae, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 32, no. 10, 105 pages, 26
illustrations

Story, H. Elizabeth

The Carotid Arteries in the Procyonidae, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 32, no. 8, 82
pages, 17 illustrations

Traylor, Melvin a., Jr.

A Review of the Woodpeckers Chrysoptilus melanochloros and C. melanolaimus,

Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 41, 17 pages, 1 illustration

Notes on Some Peruvian Birds, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 51, 9 pages

Woods, Loren P., and Robert H. Kanazawa

New Species and New Records of Fishes from Bermuda, Fieldiana: Zoology,
vol. 31, no. 53, 16 pages, 4 illustrations

ADMINISTRATIVE PUBLICATIONS

Report of the Director to the Board of Trustees for the Year 1950, 142 pages,
24 illustrations

71

co-operation with other institutions

The research collections and laboratories of the Museum were open
to scientists, as in past years, and through interlibrary loan the
resources of its Library were available to other institutions. Twelve
young men and women were employed in 1951 by the Museum in
its scientific departments under the co-operative educational plan
adopted in 1946 by the Museum and Antioch College, Yellow
Springs, Ohio. The Museum continued its co-operative educational
relations with the University of Chicago, Northwestern University,
and the School of the Art Institute of Chicago.

The Museum exhibits are used constantly by art students who
seek authentic materials for their sketches, models, and designs.
The School of the Art Institute of Chicago sends the greatest number
of students to the Museum, and selected results of their work form
a special exhibit in Stanley Field Hall of the Museum for one month
in the summer. Other art schools that use the Museum exhibits
are Academy of Applied Arts, Chicago Academy of Fine Arts, and
Institute of Design. Adult visitors in increasing numbers also use
the Museum exhibits. These visitors range from officers in the
Quartermaster Corps of the United States Army to students training
to be teachers, who come from Ball State Teachers College, De Paul
University, National College of Education, Pestalozzi-Froebel
Teachers College, and Roosevelt College.

Members of the staff continued to conduct classes at the Museum
and to lecture before classes and seminars at several universities.
Advanced courses in archaeology were held at the Museum for the
University of Chicago by Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator of
Anthropology, Donald Collier, Curator of South American Ethnology
and Archaeology, and George I. Quimby, Curator of Exhibits. Dr.
Alexander Spoehr, Curator of Oceanic Ethnology, gave a graduate
course at the University of Chicago in the ethnology of Oceania and
took part in a series of lectures on New World ethnology. Dr.
Theodor Just, Chief Curator of Botany, who was appointed to the
faculty of the University of Chicago, lectured at the University of
Chicago and, during the fall quarter, conducted a seminar at North-
western University on speciation. The advanced course in vertebrate
paleontology of the University of Chicago again was held at the
Museum, with Bryan Patterson, Curator of Fossil Mammals, Dr.
Rainer Zangerl, Curator of Fossil Reptiles, Dr. Robert H. Denison,
Curator of Fossil Fishes, and D. D wight Davis, Curator of Verte-
brate Anatomy, participating in the program of lectures and labora-
tory work. Loren P. Woods, Curator of Fishes, lectured at the Gulf

72

Karl Kettner, one of the student assistants at the Museum from Antioch College,
is shown here preparing a fish skeleton in the new laboratory of the Division of Fishes.

Coast Research Laboratory of the University of Mississippi and
before the seminar in zoogeography at the University of IlHnois.
As in other years classes in botany from the University of Chicago,
University of Illinois, Roosevelt College, and Valparaiso University
were taken on tours of the Museum's herbaria.

A number of students carried on graduate or special study at
the Museum under the supervision of staff members. Graduate
students from the University of Chicago were Roger Grange, George
Talbot, and Howard Winters, with Chief Curator Martin and Dr.
John B. Rinaldo, Assistant Curator of Archaeology; Lawrence
Kaplan, with Dr. Hugh C. Cutler, Curator of Economic Botany;
John W. Thieret (Chicago Natural History Museum Fellow), with
Chief Curator Just; Gordon Johnson, with Dr. Everett C. Olson,
Research Associate in Fossil Vertebrates; Robert F. Inger, Walter T.
Stille, and Gordon Thurow, with Karl P. Schmidt, Chief Curator
of Zoology; William J. Beecher, with Curator Davis; and Harry
Nelson and Ronald Ward, with Alfred E. Emerson, Research

73

Associate in Insects. Chester Hansen, graduate student at North-
western University, is preparing his thesis under the direction of
Chief Curator Just.

Scientists from other institutions continued to use the research
collections and laboratories of the Museum. Dr. Karin Hissink,
of Frobenius Institute and Museum for Ethnology, Frankfurt-am-
Main, Germany, visited the Museum to obtain information on
museum techniques, organization, and current research. Dr. F. A.
Kuttner, who is writing a book on the history of Chinese music,
made a study, with the help of special electronic equipment, of the
pitch and overtone characteristics of ancient Chinese jade gongs in
the Museum's collection. Dr. Cesar Cisneros, director of the In-
stitute of Anthropology and Geography, Quito, Ecuador, spent
several days studying the anthropological exhibits and collections
and conferring with the staff of the Department of Anthropology
on methods of research, John C. Ewers, of the United States
National Museum, examined the Blackfoot Indian collection; Dr.
Erna Gunther, director of Washington State Museum, the North-
west Coast Indian collection; Dr. David French, of Reed College,
the Wasco Indian materials; and Ray Thompson, who is making
a study of modern Maya ceramics for the Carnegie Institution, the
collection of recent pottery from Yucatan. Junius Bird and Miss
Joy Mahler, of the American Museum of Natural History, spent
ten days photographing textiles of the Eastern Woodlands Indians
and ancient pottery and textiles from Nazca, Peru, and conferred
with Dr. Hugh C. Cutler, Curator of Economic Botany, who is
analyzing the plant material excavated by Mr. Bird at Huaca Prieta,
Peru, the site of the earliest-known Indian farmers in South America.
Dr. Moreau Maxwell, of Beloit College, and Robert Burgh conferred
with the staff and made use of the collection of anthropological
photographs and publications in connection with research projects
of the Arctic-Desert-Tropic Information Center of the United States
Army Air Force. Robert B. Fox, of the Philippine National Museum,
spent several weeks going over the field notes of Dr. William Jones,
who was killed in 1909 by Ilongot tribesmen while on a Museum
expedition to study this group.

E. D. Hester, for a long time economic advisor to the High
Commissioner of the Philippine Islands and now research associate
in the department of anthropology of the University of Chicago,
has carried on important investigations in the Department of
Anthropology of the Museum. His studies have been devoted to a
re-examination of the Chinese pottery that he collected in the
Philippine Islands and generously lent to the Museum and a thorough

74

Enthusiastic junior nature'Students learn about the bongo from their group leader.

analysis of the Museum's extensive ethnological research collections
from the Philippines. P\irther, Mr. Hester has been of great aid in
questions concerning Malayan ethnology, in which he is an expert.
The Museum continued its co-operation with Dr. Willard F. Libby,
of the Institute for Nuclear Studies, University of Chicago, in his
research on carbon- 14 dating by furnishing selected samples of
vegetal material from Tularosa Cave, New Mexico, and, in order
to check a discrepancy in dates previously obtained for two Early
Nazca wood samples from the Museum's Peruvian collection, a
sample of textile from an Early Nazca grave.

Visiting botanists who consulted with the staff of the Depart-
ment of Botany or used the Museum's botanical collections and
laboratories include: A. R. Roos, M.D., Los Angeles; Colin Marshall,
British Colonial Forest Service; Miss Jeanette Kryn, Richard D.
Scott, and Dr. Rogers McVaugh, University of Michigan; Dr.
Norman C. Fassett and Mason E. Hale, University of Wisconsin;
Dr. Adolph Meyer-Abich, Instituto Tropical de Investigaciones
Cientificas, Universidad Autonoma, El Salvador; Dr. E. Lucy Braun,
Cincinnati; Dr. Harlan P. Banks, Cornell University; Dr. Fred

75

Barkley, Chicago; Dr. Donovan S. Correll, Bureau of Plant Industry
Station, Beltsville, Maryland; Dr. Dwight Moore, University of
Arkansas; Dr. C. V. Morton, United States National Museum;
Dr. David D. Keck, New York Botanical Garden; Dr. Lyman
Benson, Pomona College; Dr. Hermann Silva, Michigan State
College; Dr. William Bridge Cooke, Dr. George W. Fischer, and
Dr. Charles G. Shaw, State College of Washington; Dr. F. R.
Fosberg, Catholic University of America; Sister M. Cecelia Bodman,
Mundelein College; Rodrigo G. Orellana, Quito, Ecuador; Dr.
Maxwell S. Doty, University of Hawaii; Miss Martha Thurlow,
Enoch Pratt Library, Baltimore; Dr. Bolton Davidheiser, Westmont
College; Dr. Stanley R. Ames, University of Rochester; Dr. Max E.
Britton, Northwestern University; Donald F. Chapp and Dr. Paul D.
Voth, University of Chicago; and Dr. George A. Zentmyer, Jr.,
University of California. Dr. Roland W. Brown, paleobotanist,
United States National Museum, examined the Upper Cretaceous
and Lower Ecocene plants collected during the year by the staff
of the Department of Geology.

Scientists who continued important studies in the Department
of Zoology were Dr. Walter C. Brown, Northwestern University;
Dr. E. L. Du Brul, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois;
Dr. Nicholas Hotton III, University of Kansas; Dr. Waldemar
Meister, Chicago College of Osteopathy; and Dr. Edward M. Nelson,
Strich School of Medicine, Loyola University. Dr. M. B. Troutman,
of Franz Theodore Stone Institute of Hydrobiology, Put-in-Bay,
Ohio, examined fishes of Ohio in the collections and was able to
confirm records of species now extinct in the state. R. M. Darnell,
whose extensive collection of fishes of Mexico is deposited in our
collections, began extensive research on material from northwestern
Mexico. Dr. Jos^ Herrera, of Santiago, Chile, spent four days in
the study of Chilean butterflies, and Mrs. Katherine V. W. Palmer,
of Cornell University, worked on the paratypes of mollusks in the
Carpenter Collection, a part of the Webb Collection purchased by
the Museum some years ago. The anatomy collections were con-
sulted by W. B. Quay and P. S. Humphrey, of the University of
Michigan; H. A. Ogren, of Montana State University; and Dr. C. C.
Cheng, of Yenching University, Peking, China. D. S. Rabor, of
Silliman University, first Guggenheim Fellow in zoology from the
Philippines to study in the United States, prepared during his stay
at the Museum comprehensive accounts of the vertebrates of Negros
Island (on which Silliman University is located), in addition to
several research papers. Leon R. Aboulafia, visiting fellow from the
Biological Institute, Tel Aviv, Israel, studied museum techniques.

76

Under the agreement between this Museum and the Institute
Tropical de Investigaciones Cientificas of the Universidad Autonoma
of El Salvador for co-operation in field work and scientific research
(see 1950 Report, page 73), now known as the Salvadorean Project,
Dr. Norman C. Fassett, of the University of Wisconsin, Dr. Sharat K.
Roy, Chief Curator of Geology, and Dr. Austin L. Rand, Curator
of Birds, were sent to El Salvador by the Museum as its representa-
tives in botany, geology, and zoology (see pages 29, 39, 47, and 55).
The Museum thanks Dr. Carlos Llerena and Dr. Aristedes Palacios,
directors of the Tropical Institute, and Dr. Adolph Meyer-Abich,
technical director, for their kind helpfulness and Dr. Helmut Meyer-
Abich, government geologist, for generous assistance in the field.

ACTIVITIES OF STAFF MEMBERS IN SCIENTIFIC
SOCIETIES

Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator of Anthropology, and members
of the staff of the Department of Anthropology attended the annual
meetings of the Society for American Archaeology and the Central
States Branch of the American Anthropological Association at
Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. The same staff mem-
bers attended the fiftieth-anniversary meetings of the American
Anthropological Association in Chicago, for which Dr. Alexander
Spoehr, Curator of Oceanic Ethnology, was chairman of the program
committee, Donald Collier, Curator of South American Ethnology
and Archaeology, ehairman of local arrangements, and George I.
Quimby, Curator of Exhibits, representative of the Society for
American Archaeology. Curator Spoehr, who is chairman of the
newly formed subcommittee on Pacific archaeology of the National
Research Council, attended a special conference on coral atoll
ecological research called in Washington, D.C., by the Pacific Science
Board of the National Research Council and, later, two meetings of
the advisory committee for the Board's program of ecological re-
search on the coral atolls of the Pacific to plan field work. Curator
Collier is representative of the American Anthropological Associa-
tion to the National Research Council, member of the executive
committee of the Division of Anthropology and Psychology of the
National Research Council, and member of the committee on
carbon-14 dating of the American Anthropological Association and
the Geological Society of America. He was chairman of the nominat-
ing committee of the Society for American Archaeology, of which
society Curator Quimby is secretary and Dr. John B. Rinaldo,

77

Assistant Curator of Archaeology, is member of the executive com-
mittee. Curator Rinaldo attended the Southwestern Archaeological
Conference at Point of Pines, Arizona, and Curator Quimby attended
a conference on Hopwellian pottery at Illinois State Museum.

Dr. Theodor Just, Chief Curator of Botany, attended the meeting
in Washington, D.C., of the Division of Geology and Geography
of the National Research Council as chairman of the committee on
paleobotany, the annual meeting of the Society for the Study of
Evolution in Berkeley, California, as secretary of the society, and
the meeting of the Botanical Society of America, American Institute
of Biological Sciences, in Minneapolis. He is a member of the
divisional committee of the Division of Biological Sciences of the
National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C., and of the American
Society of Naturalists. Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Curator of the
Herbarium, conducted the Central States Section of the Botanical
Society of America on a three-day field trip in the Ozarks of Missouri.
As member of the committee on preservation of indigenous strains
of maize of the National Research Council, Dr. Hugh C. Cutler,
Curator of Economic Botany, attended a meeting in Washington,
D.C., to discuss methods of collection and preservation of valuable
native varieties of New World corn.

Robert K. Wyant, Curator of Economic Geology, attended the
annual meetings of the Geological Society of America in Detroit,
and Bryan Patterson, Curator of Fossil Mammals, Dr. Rainer
Zangerl, Curator of Fossil Reptiles, and Dr. Robert H. Denison,
Curator of Fossil Fishes, attended the concurrent meetings of the
Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Curator Denison was appointed
to the committee on fish classification of the American Society of
Ichthyologists and Herpetologists at its annual meeting held this
year in Chicago Natural History Museum.

Karl P. Schmidt, Chief Curator of Zoology, resigned the treasurer-
ship of the Society for the Study of Evolution and was elected vice-
president at the annual meeting of the society in Berkeley, California.
He was made a member of the Board of Governors of the American
Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists and was elected a
Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Emmet R.
Blake, Associate Curator of Birds, attended the meetings of the
American Ornithologists' Union in Montreal, and Dr. Fritz Haas,
Curator of Lower Invertebrates, attended the meetings of the
American Malacological Union in Buffalo. Dr. R. M. Strong,
Research Associate in Anatomy, was elected a fifty-year member
of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in
recognition of his fifty years of continuous membership.

78

This shield of the Crow Indians will be shown in Hall 6 (Indians of the Plains).

The Director of the Museum and Chief Curator Schmidt attended
the annual meeting in Philadelphia of the American Association of
Museums, where Chief Curator Schmidt gave an address on the
functions of university museums as part of a sjnnposium on the
problems of the university museum. The Director also attended
the meeting of the council of the association. He visited during the
year the Mariners' Museum, Newport News, Virginia, the American
Museum of Natural History, New York, and the University Museum
of the University of Pennsylvania and the Commercial Museum,

79

Philadelphia. The midwinter conference in Chicago of the American
Library Association and sessions of various professional library
organizations were attended by Mrs. Meta P. Howell, Librarian,
and members of the Library staff.

A number of staff members serve on editorial boards of scientific
journals. Curator Spoehr continued his review editorship of the
American Anthropologist (official journal of the American Anthro-
pological Association). Chief Curator Just continued as editor of
Lloydia (quarterly journal of biological science published by Lloyd
Library and Museum, Cincinnati), as editor of Paleobotanical Report
(published by the Division of Geology and Geography of the National
Research Council), and as member of the editorial board of Evolution
(international journal of organic evolution) and was appointed a
member of the editorial board of American Journal of Botany (official
publication of the Botanical Society of America). Curator Zangerl
continued as foreign-news editor of the Society of Vertebrate Paleon-
tology News Bulletin. Chief Curator Schmidt continued as section
editor (amphibians and reptiles) of Biological Abstracts (published
under the auspices of the Union of American Biological Societies),
consulting editor of American Midland Naturalist (published by the
University of Notre Dame), and member of the editorial board of
Ecology (official publication of Ecological Society of America).

Publications of staff members during 1951 besides those issued
by Chicago Natural History Museum include the following:

DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY

Collier, Donald

"Carbon-14 Dating," in Essays on Archaeological Methods, edited by James B.
Griffin (Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of
Michigan, no. 8), pp. 97-101

"New Radiocarbon Method for Dating the Past," reprinted from Chicago
Natural History Museum Bulletin in Biblical Archaeologist, vol. 14, no. 1,
pp. 25-28, and Museums Journal, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 41-43

"Radiocarbon Dating, a Summary," American Antiquity, vol. 17, no. 1,
part 2 (memoir no. 8), pp. 58-62 [with Frederick Johnson, Froelich Rainey,
and R. F. Flint]

Review of Indians of Peru (by Pierre Verger), in American Anthropologist,
vol. 53, no. 2, p. 273

Martin, Paul S.

"The Peoples of Pine Lawn Valley," Scientific American, vol. 185, no. 1,
pp. 46-51

"The Southwestern Co-Tradition," Southwestern Journal of Anthropology,
vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 215-229 [with John B. Rinaldo]

80

DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY (continued)

Spoehr, Alexander

"Dioramas and Archaeology," Archaeology, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 71-75

"John Fee Embree, 1908-1950" (obituary), Human Organization, vol. 10,

no. 1, pp. 33-34

Review of Anthropology in the Trust Territory Administration (by Philip

Drucker), in Clearinghouse Bulletin of Research in Human Organization, vol. 1,

no. 1, p. 17
' Review of The Pacific Islands and Planning Micronesia's Future (by Douglas

Oliver), in Human Organization, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 42-43

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

CUATRECASAS, JOSfi

"New Proteaceae from Colombia," Lloydia, vol. 13, pp. 198-204

"New Species of Lueheopsis and Quararibea," in "Plantae Austro-Americanae

VII" by Richard Evans Schultes, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard Uni-

University), vol. 15, pp. 49-55

"Notas a la Flora de Colombia XI," Revista de la Academia Colombiana de

Ciencias, vol. 8, pp. 33-64

Cutler, Hugh C.

"The Geographic Origin of Maize," Chronica Botanica, vol. 12, no. 4-6, pp,
167-169

Drouet, Francis

"Cyanophyta," in Manual of Phycology by G. M. Smith and others (Waltham,
Massachusetts: The Chronica Botanica Company), pp. 159-166 (chapter 8)

Just, Theodor

"Anton Kerner von Marilaun," in The Background of Plant Ecology by

Henry S. Conrad (Iowa State College Press), pp. 5-6

"Citation of Specimens in Cytotaxonomic Literature," Evolution, vol. 5, no. 3,

pp. 280-281

"Geologia y Distribucion de las Plantas," Anuario del Instituto Tropical de

Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autonoma de El Salvador, vol. 1, pp.

85-103

"Mesozoic Plant Microfossils and Their Geologic Significance," Journal of

Paleontology, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 729-735

Report of the Committee on Paleobotany, No. 19, 10 pages, mimeographed,

Report of the Committee on Paleobotany, No. 20, 20 pages, mimeographed,

Report of the Committee on Paleobotany, No. 21, 31 pages, mimeographed

(Washington, D.C.: National Research Council, Division of Geology and

Geography)

Review of A Revision of Fossil Sequoia and Taxodium in Western North

America Based on the Recent Discovery of Metasequoia (by Ralph W. Chaney),

in Journal of Paleontology, vol. 25, no. 4, p. 542

Review of Flore du Congo Beige et du Ruanda-Urundi, Spermatophytes (by

W. Robyns and others), in Quarterly Review of Biology, vol. 26, no. 2, pp.

205-6

Review of Les Legumineuses du Gabon (by Francois Pelligrin), in Quarterly

Review of Biology, vol. 26, no. 3, p. 293

Review of Plant Embryology, Embryogeny of the Spermatophyta (by Donald

Johansen), in Quarterly Review of Biology, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 395-397

Review of Plants of Bikini and Other Northern Marshall Islands (by William

Randolph Taylor), in Quarterly Review of Biology, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 394-395

Review of The Piperaceae of Northern South America (by William Trelease

and Truman G. Yuncker), in Botanical Gazette, vol. 112, no. 4, p. 536

81

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY (continued)

Sherff, Earl E.

"A Revision of the Hawaiian Island Genus Nototrichium Hillebr. (fam.

Amaranthaceae)," in Botanical Leaflets (published by the author), no. 4,

pp. 2-20

"Dahlia Moorei, a New Dahlia (fam. Compositae) from Northwestern

Hidalgo," in Botanical Leaflets (published by the author), no. 5, pp. 22-24

"Epiphytum, a New Section of the Genus Dahlia Ca. (fam. Compositae),"

in Botanical Leaflets (published by the author), no. 4, p. 21

"Miscellaneous Notes on New or Otherwise Noteworthy Dicotyledonous

Plants," American Journal of Botany, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 54-73

"New Entities in the Genus Cheirodendron Nutt. ex. Seem. (fam. Araliaceae)

from the Hawaiian Islands," in Botanical Leaflets (published by the author),

no. 5, pp. 2-14

"Notes upon Certain New or Otherwise Interesting Plants of the Hawaiian

Islands and Colombia," in Botanical Leaflets (published by the author),

no. 3, pp. 2-8

"Some New or Otherwise Noteworthy Members of the Genus Bidens L.

(fam. Compositae) from Tropical East Africa," in Botanical Leaflets (published

by the author), no. 5, pp. 14-22

"Two Hawaiian Species of the Genus Sophora L. (fam. Leguminosae)," in

Botanical Leaflets (published by the author), no. 5, pp. 24-25

Steyermark, Julian A.

"A Glabrous Variety of Silphium terebinthinaceum," Rhodora, vol. 53, pp.

133-135

"A New Utricularia from Honduras," Ceiba, vol. 1, pp. 125-126

"Botanical Areas in the Missouri Ozarks," Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin,

vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 126-135

"Plant Survey of Missouri," Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin, vol. 39,

no. 2, pp. 31-38

"The Genus Tapeinostemon (Gentianaceae)," Lloydia, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 58-64

"The Snow Trillium," Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin, vol. 29, no. 3, pp.

55-56

DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY

Patterson, Bryan

"Early Cretaceous Mammals from Northern Texas," American Journal of
Science, vol. 249, pp. 31-46

"Evolutionary Importance of the South African 'Man-Apes,' " Nature, vol.
167, p. 650 [with S. L. Washburn]

Richardson, Eugene S., Jr.

"The Age of the Earth," Pick and Dop Stick, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 2-6

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY

Dybas, Henry S.

"Albert Burke Wolcott, 1869-1950," ColeopterisVs Bulletin, vol. 15, pp. 33-38,
1 illustration

Grey, Marion

"Additions to the Fish Fauna of Bermuda, with the Description of Grammo-
nus mowbrayi, a New Brotulid," Copeia, 1951, no. 2, pp. 153-161, 2 illustrations

82

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY icontinued)

Haas, Fritz

"Notes on Some Streptaxids," Nautilus, vol. 64, pp. 133-134

Pope, Clifford H.

"A Study of the Salamander Plethodon ouachitae and the Description of an
Allied Form," Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Sciences, vol. 9, pp. 129-152,
6 illustrations

Rand, Austin L.

"A Blue Jay's World," Bulletin to the Schools, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 189-192

"Boardman Conover, 1892-1950," Auk, vol. 68, pp. 17-23 [with S. Gregory]

"Geographical Variation in the Pearl-spotted Owlet, Glaucidium perlatum

(Vieillot)," Natural History Miscellanea, no. 86, pp. 1-6

"H. B. Conover's Bird Work in the Yukon," Canadian Field-Naturalist,

vol 64, no. 6, pp. 214-220

"On Enemy Recognition," Auk, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 524-525

"The Nests and Eggs of Mesoenas unicolor of Madagascar," Auk, vol. 68,

no. 1, pp. 23-26

Sanborn, Colin Campbell

"Mammals from Marcapata, Southeastern Peru," Publicaciones del Museo
de Historia Natural "Javier Prado," Lima, Peru, Ser. A., Zoologia, no. 6,
pp. 1-26

Schmidt, Karl P.

"Annotated Bibliography of Marine Ecological Relations of Living Am-
phibians," Marine Life Occasional Papers, vol. 1, no. 9, pp. 43-46
"Annotated Bibliography of Marine Ecological Relations of Living Reptiles
(except Turtles)," Marine Life Occasional Papers, vol. 1, no. 9, pp. 47-54
* "The Amphibia and Pisces in the First Edition of the Systema Naturae,"
Copeia, 1951, no. 1, pp. 2-7

Traylor, Melvin a., Jr.

"Notes on the Barbet Genus Eubucco (Capitonidae) in Southern Peru," Auk,
vol. 68, pp. 508-510

THE BOOK SHOP

It seems almost incredible that the Book Shop, founded in 1939
with an appropriation of $1,000, has so well served Museum visitors
that its net sales during the year exceeded $56,000. The principal
purpose of the Book Shop continues to be that of providing authorita-
tive books written in popular style on the subject-matter within
the scope of the Museum. In response to popular demand, souvenirs
and novelties have been added to our inventory, and this merchandise
now accounts for an important proportion of total sales. The pro-
ceeds of the Book Shop have been used to create a new endowment
fund for general Museum purposes. This fund at the end of the
year totaled slightly more than $67,000.

83

CAFETERIA

Another popular service of the Museum is the cafeteria and lunch-
room. The total number of persons served this year was 309,370,
an increase of more than 27,000 over last year, A study was made
during the year of operations in the kitchen, with the result that
several new pieces of equipment were added. These are listed in
this Report in the following section.

MAINTENANCE, CONSTRUCTION, AND ENGINEERING

The program of moving, remodeling, and reconditioning storage and
research areas took a large percentage of the time and effort of the
Divisions of Maintenance and Engineering, Work was completed
for the new quarters of the Division of Fishes and started on the
newly assigned adjacent area in Hall B for the Division of Reptiles,
The Division of Anatomy was moved and expanded, and twenty-
four bays of steel shelving with doors were installed and steel doors
were applied to fifty-four cases built in our own shops. The Division
of Insects was expanded into the area vacated by the anatomists,
with the installation of twenty-four bays of library shelving and
forty-eight new cases of either steel or aluminum. Eighteen steel
cases were installed for the Division of Mammals and twenty-eight
for the Division of Fossil Plants. The Herbarium received one new
six-door case and four eight-door cases. The necessary construction,
lighting, and painting were done to permit the reopening of Hall 5
(Mary D. Sturges Hall) in the Department of Anthropology and
the new Hall of Fossil Invertebrate Animals and Fossil Plants
(Hall 37, Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall) . An exhaust hood was installed
and placed in operation in the plant-poisoning room, and an over-
head hoist system was installed in one of the anthropology prepara-
tion rooms. The botany departmental library was enlarged by
closing off certain adjacent unnecessary corridor space. Necessary
bookshelves were installed and the new area was adequately lighted.
Five new map cases were installed in the office of the Chief Curator
of Geology, The Division of Photography was extensively remodeled.
In the James Simpson Theatre 250 chair seats and ten backs
were reupholstered, and this work will continue in the coming year.
It is impossible and fortunately unnecessary to recount all the details
of the continual maintenance within the building, for, as with all
large buildings, repairs are endless. Cleaning and painting of the
building, improvement of lighting equipment, and replacement of

84

Books for children, books on natural history and anthropology, picture post-cards,
and souvenirs make the Museum Book Shop a favorite spot for visitors of all ages.

burned-out bulbs go on ceaselessly. So, too, the Museum shops
are constantly being called upon to make, invent, or devise labor-
saving devices and auxiliary equipment for the various departments
and divisions of the Museum. Every new or special exhibit, though
planned in the scientific departments, calls heavily upon mainte-
nance personnel for execution.

Keeping a building weatherproof in a very exposed position in
a northern climate requires eternal vigilance and unceasing attention.
During the year a weatherproofing compound was applied to the
black-topped terrace areas between the upper and lower flights of
steps. Both the north and the south steps were tuckpointed. Ex-
perimentation was continued with certain mastic compounds to find
the one that best meets the requirement of adhesive and elastic
qualities to waterproof the joints between the marble blocks that
constitute the exterior of the building. Test coatings of water-
proofing materials were sprayed on four areas, preparatory to a
future project of coating the entire outside of the building. Eighty

85

broken skylight glasses were replaced and the entire skylight was
washed. Thermopane windows were installed in the Division of
Fishes on the ground floor and in all windows on the west fagade on
the third floor. Heating economies and elimination of condensation
of moisture on the windows result from these installations. The
windows on the south wall of Hall 34 were bricked up, preparatory
to the complete reinstallation of the hall by the Department of
Geology. New lighting conduits and outlets were provided so that
the new installation may be entirely case-lighted.

Together with the normal maintenance of the building we are
carrying out a program of modernization with regard to electric
lighting. Replacement of old-type equipment with modern fluores-
cent lighting gives considerably better visibility to our exhibits and
results in important savings of electric current. We are gradually
shifting from general lighting to case lighting and are doing the work
as fast as materials are obtainable. During the summer months
extensive repairs are habitually made in the heating system of the
building. A change in the angle of slope of certain return lines
gave considerably better efficiency to the heating plant. The coal
conveyor was overhauled. Twenty-five new buckets were installed,
several sheets and channels replaced, and exposed steel was painted
to retard corrosion. The usual summer inspection and care were
given to boilers, pumps, and accessory equipment. In the cafeteria
the scullery sink was replaced with a new three-compartment sink,
and a new deep-fat frier and a steam-chef cooker were purchased
and installed. Under existing contracts with the Chicago Park
District and the Shedd Aquarium 39,725,966 pounds of steam were
furnished at 100-pound pressure. Total steam generated throughout
the year amounted to 72,794,850 pounds.

MISCELLANEOUS

In the pages that follow are submitted the Museum's financial
statements, attendance statistics, door receipts, accessions, list of
Members, articles of incorporation, and amended by-laws.

Clifford C. Gregg, Director
Chicago Natural History Museum

86

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT

OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURES

CURRENT FUNDS

FOR YEARS 1951 AND 1950
Operating Fund

INCOME 1951 195*

From investments of:

General endowment funds $ 689,554.11 $ 694,106.31

Life and associate membership funds 27,335.22 25,106.83

$ 716,889.33 $ 719,213.14

Chicago Park District 128,620.29 128,776.81

Annual and sustaining memberships 20,305.00 19,880.00

Admissions 33,335.00 30,310.25

Sundry receipts, including general purpose

contributions 34,736.16 30,851,09

Restricted funds transferred to apply against

Operating Fund expenditures (per contra) 106,812.52 65,818.34

$1,040,698.30 $ 994,849.6^

EXPENDITURES

Collections:

Purchases and expedition costs $ 77,777.27 $ 39,483.34

Museum operating expenses capitalized. . , . 61,916.51 75,141.85

$ 139,693.78 $ 114,625.19

Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 57,083.42 57,322.60

Pensions and group and life-insurance pre-
miums 74,072.46 72,620.66

Departmental operating expenses 101,587.66 105,501.80

General operating expenses 537,143.12 520,451.01

Building repairs and alterations 108,066.22 118,653.06

Provision for mechanical plant depreciation

(per contra) 10,000.00 10,000.00

Provision for contingencies (per contra) 10,000.00

Appropriated to cover operating deficit of The
N. W. Harris Public School Extension
(per contra) 421.27 863.74

$1,038,067.93 $1,000,038.06

EXCESS (deficiency) OF INCOME OVER EX-
PENDITURES $ 2,630.37 $ (5,188.43)

CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

87

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF INCOME
AND EXPENDITURES-CURRENT FUNDS

FOR YEARS 1951 AND 1950 (CONTINUED)

The N. W. Harris Public School

Extension 1951 1950

Income from endowments $ 20,208.02 $ 19,625.98

Expenditures 20,629.29 20,489.72

DEFICIT TRANSFERRED TO OPERATING FUND

(PER CONTRA) $ 421.27 $ 863.74

Other Restricted Funds

INCOME

From Specific Endowment Fund investments . $ 49,005.36 $ 43,962.32

Contributions for specified purposes 36,850.65 25,804.62

Operating Fund appropriations for mechanical

plant depreciation and contingencies (per

contra) 20,000.00 10,000.00

Sundry receipts— net 25,803.33 21,986.02

$ 131,659.34 $ 101,752.96

EXPENDITURES

Transferred to Operating Fund to apply

against expenditures (per contra) $ 106,812.52 $ 65,818.34

Added to Endowment Fund principal 25,000.00

$ 131,812.52 $ 65,818.34

EXCESS (DEFICIENCY) OF INCOME OVER EX-
PENDITURES $ (153.18) $ 35,934.62

To THE Trustees

Chicago Natural History Museum

Chicago, Illinois

In our opinion the accompanying statement presents fairly the income and ex-
penditures of the current funds of Chicago Natural History Museum for the years
1950 and 1951, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles con-
sistently applied during the periods. Our examination of the statement was made
in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and accordingly included
such tests of the accounting records and such other auditing procedures as we
considered necessary in the circumstances.

Arthur Young and Company
Chicago, Illinois
January 31, 1952

88

COMPARATIVE ATTENDANCE
STATISTICS AND DOOR RECEIPTS

FOR YEARS 1951 AND 1950

1951 1950

Total attendance 1,251,752 1,173,661

Paid attendance 133,340 121,241

Free admissions on pay days:

Students 32,771 31,474

School children 87,590 81,601

Teachers 4,387 3,675

Members 492 531

Service men and women 3,128 1,061

Special meetings and occasions 3,377 4,083

Admissions on free days:

Thursdays (52) 172,376 (52) 161,721

Saturdays (52) 316,178 (52) 309,188

Sundays (52) 498,210 (52) 459,086

Highest attendance on any day

(September 2) '. 16,266 (September 3) 13,889

Lowest attendance on any day

(December 21) 61 (December 6) 98

Highest paid attendance (September 3) . . 4,244 (September 4) 3,100

Average daily admissions (363 days) 3,448 (363 days) 3,233

Average paid admissions (207 days) 644 (207 days) 586

Copies of General Guide sold 25,410 21,722

Number of articles checked 43,321 31,802

Number of picture post-cards sold 228,192 177,051

Sales of Museum publications (both scien-
tific and popular) and photographs;

rental of wheel chairs $10,865.19 $13,177.60

89

Contributions and Bequests

Contributions and bequests to Chicago Natural History
Museum may be made in securities, money, books, or
collections. They may, if desired, take the form of a
memorial to a person or cause, to be named by the giver.
For those desirous of making bequests to the Museum,
the following form is suggested :

FORM OF BEQUEST

I do hereby give and bequeath to Chicago Natural
History Museum of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois:

Cash contributions made within the taxable year to Chicago
Natural History Museum to an amount not in excess of
15 per cent of the taxpayer's net income are allowable as
deduxitions in computing net income for federal income tax.

90

ACCESSIONS, 1951

DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY-ACCESSIONS

Abramowski, Harold, Chicago: 1
full-grooved axe, 2 celts, 2 small pro-
jectile points, 3 large points, 2 scrapers
— Waukesha County, Wisconsin (gift)

Arizona State Museum, Tucson:
67 archaeological specimens — Ventana
Cave, Papago Indian Reservation, Ari-
zona (exchange)

Chicago Natural History Museum :
Collected by Dr. Paul S. Martin
(Southwest Archaeological Expedition,
1951) : 3,889 specimens, including stone,
bone, clay, pottery, leather, wood,
cordage, woven, and miscellaneous
perishable artifacts — Cordova Cave,
Negrito Cave, Kiehne Pueblo, Negrito
Cliff Dwelling, and Fox Farm Site
Kiva, near Reserve, New Mexico

Collected by Dr. Alexander Spoehr
(Micronesia Anthropological Expedi-
tion, 1949-50): 50 specimens, including
pottery sherds, and artifacts of stone,
shell, and metal — Rota, Mariana Is-
lands; 9 specimens, including pottery
jar, shell adze, and 7 lots of pottery
sherds — Babeldaob, Palau Islands

Purchases: 75 ethnological specimens,
100 photographs and negatives — Upper
Orinoco, Venezuela; 2 Menomini Indian
medicine pouches — Neopit, Wisconsin;
2 lava lavas — Micronesia; 1 coconut
grater — Caroline Islands, Micronesia

Denver Art Museum, Denver,
Colorado: 1 Huron feather headdress —
Quebec; 1 Cochiti leather mask —
Cochiti Pueblo, New Mexico (exchange)

Faust, Kitty, Evanston, Illinois: 1
piece of tapa — Tongatabu, Tonga,
Polynesia (gift)

Logan Museum, Beloit College,
Beloit, Wisconsin: 73 specimens, in-
cluding Mandan and Arikara stone and
bone artifacts and pottery sherds —
North and South Dakota (exchange)

Manierre, Francis E., Chicago: 2
carved wood staffs of African chief tans
— Southeast Africa (gift)

National Museum of Mexico,
Mexico City, Mexico: 1,126 archaeo-
logical specimens — Mexico (exchange)

Peabody Museum of American
Archaeology and Ethnology, Cam-
bridge, Massachusetts: type collection
of archaeological material — Code, Pan-
ama (exchange)

Smith, Mrs. Isabel Coldren, Glen-
coe, Illinois: 1 Sioux dress, 1 pipe bag,
2 arrows, 1 pipe and pipe cover — West-
ern Plains, United States (gift)

Starbuck, Mrs. Fred L., North-
brook, Illinois: 1 copper spear head —
Camp McCoy, near Sparta, Wisconsin
(gift)

Wahl, Orlin I., Evanston, Illinois:
1 perforated stone, 2 pipes, 1 celt, 1
copper crescent — McHenry County,
Illinois (gift)

Wright, William Ryer, Highland
Park, Illinois: 2 Late North Coast
blackware pottery vessels — North Coast
of Peru; 5 Indian pipes, pipe bowls,
and stems, and 1 Spanish knife — North
America (gift)

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY-ACCESSIONS

Allan Hancock Foundation, Los
Angeles: 160 specimens of algae (ex-
change)

Barkley, Dr. Fred A., Chicago: 6
specimens of algae, 8 plant specimens
(gift)

Bender, William E., Naperville,
Illinois: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift)

Bialik, Anthony, Chicago: 1 plant
specimen, 13 cryptogamic specimens
(gift)

Bishop Museum, Bernice P., Hono-
lulu, Hawaii, T.H.: 31 plant specimens
(gift)

Blomquist, Dr. H. L., Durham,
North Carolina: 1 cryptogamic speci-
men (gift)

91

Blum, Dr. John L., Buffalo: 14
cryptogamic specimens (exchange)

BOELCKE, OsvALDO, Acassuso, Argen-
tina: 70 plant specimens (exchange)

Botanic Garden, Gothenburg,
Sweden: 100 plant specimens, 145
cryptogamic specimens (exchange)

BOTANISKA Museet, Uppsala, Swed-
en: 38 plant specimens, 724 cryptogamic
specimens (exchange)

Braun, Dr. E. Lucy, Cincinnati: 3
plant specimens (gift)

Brown, William L., Johnston, Iowa:
4 economic specimens (gift)

Bumzahem, Carlos, Chicago: 39
cryptogamic specimens (gift)

California, University of, Ber-
keley: 320 cryptogamic specimens (gift);
182 plant specimens, 576 cryptogamic
specimens (exchange)

Carlson, Dr. Margery C, Evans-
ton, Illinois: 51 cryptogamic specimens
(gift)

Carnegie Institution of Washing-
ton, Stanford University, California:
91 plant specimens (gift)

Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh: 339
plant specimens (exchange)

Cassel, William A., Philadelphia:
24 cultures of algae (gift)

Castanbda, R. Romero, Bogota,
Colombia: 89 plant specimens (gift)

Chapman, Dr. V. J., Auckland, New
Zealand: 2 specimens of algae (gift)

Chapp, Donald F., Chicago: 3 cul-
tures of algae (gift)

Chase, Virginius H., Peoria Heights,
Illinois: 5 plant specimens, 1 crypto-
gamic specimen (gift)

Chicago Natural History Museum :

Collected by Dr. Hugh C. Cutler and

Jack Reeves (Southwest Botanical

Field Trip, 1951): 449 plant specimens

Collected by Dr. B. E. Dahlgren
(Cuba Botanical Expedition, 1950-51):
2 cryptogamic specimens

Collected by D. D wight Davis and
Robert F. Inger (Borneo Zoological
Expedition, 1950): 21 plant specimens,
15 cryptogamic specimens

Collected by Emil Sella and Samuel
H. Grove, Jr. (Florida Botanical Field
Trip, 1951): 7 cryptogamic specimens

Purchases: 200 plant specimens —
Spain; 410 plant specimens — Peru; 94
plant specimens — Africa

Cocke, Dr. E. C, Wake Forest,
North Carolina: 3 cryptogamic speci-
mens (gift)

Conservatoire Botanique, Geneva,
Switzerland: 2,104 cryptogamic speci-
mens (exchange)

Cooke, Dr. William Bridge, Love-
land, Ohio: 5 cryptogamic specimens
(gift)

COPULOS, Milton, Chicago: 1 crypto-
gamic specimen (gift)

Cribb, Dr. a. B., New South Wales,
Australia: 63 specimens of algae (ex-
change)

Culberson, William L., Cincinnati:
38 cryptogamic specimens (gift)

Daily, Mrs. Fay K., Indianapolis:
2 specimens of algae (gift)

Daily, William A., Indianapolis: 53
specimens of algae (gift); 85 specimens
of algae (exchange)

Degener, Dr. Otto, Honolulu,
Hawaii, T.H.: 7 specimens of algae
(gift)

DiLLER, Dr. Violet M., Cincinnati:
54 cryptogamic specimens (gift)

Dones, Mathias, Chicago: 1 crypto-
gamic specimen (gift)

Doty, Dr. Maxwell S., Honolulu,
Hawaii, T.H.: 152 cryptogamic speci-
mens (gift)

Duke University, Durham, North
Carolina: 100 plant specimens (ex-
change)

DuNKESON, R. L., Willow Springs,
Missouri: 26 plant specimens (gift)

Edesio M., Dr. I., Porto Alegre,
Brazil: 20 plant specimens (gift)

Edmondson, Dr. W. T., Seattle: 1
cryptogamic specimen (gift)

EscuELA Agricola Panamericana,
Tegucigalpa, Honduras: 862 plant speci-
mens (exchange)

EwAN, Dr. Joseph, New Orleans: 6
cryptogamic specimens (gift)

Fitzgerald, George P., Madison,
Wisconsin: 5 cryptogamic specimens
(gift)

Flint, Dr. L. H., Baton Rouge,
Louisiana: 7 cryptogamic specimens
(exchange)

Freeman, R. B., Western Springs,
Illinois: 1 plant specimen (gift)

Fritsch, Professor F. E., Cam-
bridge, England: 4 specimens of algae
(gift)

Fuller, Dr. George D., Spring-
field, Illinois: 3 plant specimens (gift)

92

GiLTNER, Dr. L. T., Washington,
D.C.: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift)

Greenberg, Albert, Tampa, Florida :
1 cryptogamic specimen (gift)

Gross, R. A., La Ceiba, Honduras:
1 plant specimen (gift)

Grow, Ray, and Simon Segal, Chi-
cago: 1 plant specimen (gift)

GuBA, Dr. E. F., Waltham, Massa-
chusetts: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift)

Haas, Dr. Fritz, Chicago: 1 crypto-
gamic specimen (gift)

Habeeb, Dr. Herbert, Grand Falls,
New Brunswick, Canada: 40 crypto-
gamic specimens (exchange)

Herre, Dr. a. W., Olympia, Wash-
ington: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift)

Hewetson, W. T., Freeport, IlUnois:
1 plant specimen (gift)

Holmes, E. D., Hinsdale, Illinois: 1
cryptogamic specimen (gift)

HuMM, Dr. Harold J., Tallahassee,
Florida: 3 cryptogamic specimens (gift)

Illinois State Museum, Springfield:
125 plant specimens (gift); 50 plant
specimens (exchange)

Iltis, Dr. Hugh, St. Louis: 1 crypto-
gamic specimen (gift)

Imshaug, H. a., Ann Arbor, Michi-
gan: 3 cryptogamic specimens (gift)

Institute of Jamaica, Kingston: 72
cryptogamic specimens (gift)

Instituto Agronomico do Norte,
Belem, Brazil: 4 plant specimens (gift)

Instituto Agropecuario Nacional,
Guatemala City, Guatemala: 6 plant
specimens (gift)

Instituto de Botanica, Sao Paulo,
Brazil: 36 plant specimens (exchange)

Instituto Geobiologico, Porto
Alegre, Brazil: 33 plant specimens (ex-
change)

Isely, Dr. Duane, Ames, Iowa: 127
plant specimens (exchange)

Jardim Botanico, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil: 141 plant specimens (exchange)

Joly, Dr. Aylthon B., Ann Arbor,
Michigan: 42 cryptogamic specimens
(gift)

Kaiser, Margaret, Carbondale, Illi-
nois: 1 microscope slide of wood section
(exchange)

KiLLiP, Dr. E. p., Summerland Key
P. O., Florida, and J. Francis Mac-
bride, Stanford University, California:
6 cryptogamic specimens (gift)

Kjellmert, Gosta, Arboga, Sweden:
500 plant specimens (exchange)

Kleerekoper, Dr. Herman, Hamil-
ton, Ontario, Canada: 331 specimens of
algae (gift)

KocK, Dr. Leo F., Bakersfield,
California: 57 cryptogamic specimens
(gift)

Kraus, E. J., Chicago: 2,000 nega-
tives (gift)

Lambert, Ronald J., Lake Zurich,
Illinois: 2 plant specimens: (gift)

Lasker, Dr. Rueben, Coral Gables,
Florida: 6 specimens of algae (gift)

Laughlin, Kendall, Chicago: 7
plant specimens (gift)

Lindstedt, Dr. Alf., Yotad, Sweden:
4 specimens of algae (gift)

Llano, Dr. George A., Washington,
D.C.: 12 specimens of algae (gift)

LOUDERBACK, HaROLD B., ArgO,

Illinois: 68 cryptogamic specimens (gift)

Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge: 2 specimens of algae (exchange)

Lund, University of, Lund, Sweden:
176 cryptogamic specimens (exchange)

Macbride, J. Francis, Stanford Uni-
versity, California: 129 specimens of
algae (gift)

Madsen, Dr. Grace C, Tallahassee,
Florida: 38 specimens of algae (gift)

Mason, Dr. Charles T., Jr., Madi-
son, Wisconsin: 1 plant specimen (gift)

Matuda, Eizi, Mexico City, Mexico:
70 plant specimens (exchange)

Mauro, Salvatore, Miami, Florida:
1 plant specimen (gift)

May, Dr. Valerie, Sydney, Aus-
tralia: 10 specimens of algae (gift)

Michigan, University of, Ann
Arbor: 110 cryptogamic specimens (ex-
change)

Millar, John R., Chicago: 1 crypto-
gamic specimen (gift)

Miranda, Dr. Faustino, Chapul-
tepec, Mexico, D.F.: 6 plant specimens
(gift)

Missouri Botanical Garden, St.
Louis: 160 plant specimens (gift); 175
plant specimens (exchange)

Moore, Dr. Dwight, Fayetteville,
Arkansas: 1 plant specimen (gift)

Muller, Dr. C. H., Santa Barbara,
CaUfornia: 82 plant specimens (gift)

Museum National d'Histoire
Naturelle, Paris, France: 150 crypto-
gamic specimens (exchange)

93

Naturhistorisches Museum,
Vienna, Austria: 1,600 cryptogamic
specimens (exchange)

Newton, Linda, London, England:
2 specimens of algae (gift)

New York Botanical Garden,
New York: 22 specimens of algae (gift);
189 photographs of plant specimens,
25 type photographs, 186 plant speci-
mens (exchange)

Nielsen, Dr. Chester S., Talla-
hassee, Florida: 4 plant specimens (gift)

Nielsen, Dr. Chester S., and Dr.
Grace C. Madsen, Tallahassee, Florida:
556 specimens of algae (gift)

Ohwi, J., Tokyo, Japan: 200 plant
specimens (exchange)

Oregon Wood Chemical Company,
Springfield: 1 economic specimen (gift)

Palmer, E. J., Webb City, Missouri:
209 plant specimens (gift)

Palumbo, Ralph F., Seattle: 1 cryp-
togamic specimen (gift)

Pennsylvania, University of, Phila-
delphia: 124 cryptogamic specimens,
520 plant specimens (exchange)

Philippines, Republic of the. De-
partment OF Agriculture and Nat-
ural Resources, Bureau of Forestry,
Manila: 32 wood specimens (gift)

Philippines, University of the,
Quezon City, Philippine Islands: 323
specimens of algae (exchange)

PococK, Dr. Mary A., Cape Town,
South Africa: 1 cryptogamic specimen
(gift)

Proctor, V. W., Columbia, Missouri:
2 specimens of algae (gift)

Rand, Dr. Austin L., Chesterton,
Indiana: 1 plant specimen (gift)

Rhodehamel, John, Indianapolis: 2
plant specimens (gift)

Richards Fund, Donald: 58 mosses,
32 corallines algae, 310 lichens, 500
cryptogams, 282 specimens of fungi, 122
cryptogams from Canada; 800 speci-
mens of mosses (Herbarium of I.
Hagen); 235 specimens of marine algae,
290 specimens of fungi from North
America, 111 specimens of moss from
New Zealand; 166 cryptogams from
Wisconsin, 343 cryptogams (Herbarium
of A. B. Seymour)

Richards Fund, Elmer J.: 625 speci-
mens of lichens from Scandinavia,
5,600 specimens of lichens, 20,000
cryptogamic specimens

Rijksherbarium, Leiden, Nether-
lands: 23 specimens of algae (exchange)

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,
England: 70 plant specimens (exchange)

Saeger, Dr. Albert, Kansas City,
Missouri: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift)

Sainsbury, G. O. K., Wairoa, New
Zealand: 125 cryptogamic specimens
(exchange for publication)

Sanborn, Colin C, Highland Park,
Illinois: 29 plant specimens, 2 crypto-
gamic specimens (gift)

Schwerdtfeger, Dr. F., Guatemala
City, Guatemala: 39 pinus (gift)

Scolnik, Dr. Rosa, Cordoba, Argen-
tina: 49 plant specimens (gift)

Sella, Emil, Chicago: 12 specimens
of fungi (gift)

Sherff, Dr. Earl E., Chicago: 77
plant specimens, 119 negatives, 123
photographic prints (gift)

SiLVA, Herman, East Lansing, Michi-
gan: 2 specimens of algae (gift)

SouKUP, J., Lima, Peru: 47 plant
specimens (gift)

Standley, Paul C, Tegucigalpa,
Honduras: 1 plant specimen (gift)

Stannard, Dr. Lewis, Urbana, Illi-
nois: 4 plant specimens (gift)

Staszkus, Adam, Chicago: 1 crypto-
gamic specimen (gift)

Stevenson, Dr. John L., Beltsville,
Maryland: 1 cryptogamic specimen
(gift)

Steyermark, Mrs. Julian A., Bar-
rington, Illinois: 79 plant specimens
(gift)

SwiNK, Floyd E., Chicago: 644 plant
specimens (gift)

SwiNK, Floyd E., and A. S. Rouffa,
Chicago: 1 plant specimen (gift)

Taylor, Dr. William R., Ann Arbor,
Michigan: 60 specimens of algae (gift)

Templeton, Dr. Bonnie C, Los
Angeles: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift)

Thieret, John W., Chicago: 187
plant specimens, 2 cryptogamic speci-
mens (gift)

United States Department of
Agriculture, Washington, D.C: 179
plant specimens (gift)

United States National Museum,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington,
D.C: 10 specimens of algae, 20 plant
specimens (gift) ; 234 cryptogamic speci-
mens, 947 plant specimens (exchange)

Uribe, p. Uribe, Bogotd, Colombia:
14 plant specimens (gift)

Van Tress, Robert, Chicago: 1
plant specimen (gift)

94

Vargas C, Cesar, Cuzco, Peru: 30
specimens of algae (gift)

Vatter, Albert, Urbana, Illinois:
33 ferns (gift)

Veloso, Dr. Henrique P., Santa
Catarina, Brazil: 33 plant specimens
(gift)

Vienna, University of, Botanisches
Institut und Botanischer Garten,
Vienna, Austria: 200 plant specimens
(exchange)

VoTH, Dr. Paul D., Chicago: 5 speci-
mens of algae (gift)

Walker, Harry G., Langhorne,
Pennsylvania: 1 cryptogamic specimen
(gift)

Washington, University of, Seattle :
213 plant specimens (exchange)

Whitehouse, Dr. Eula, Dallas,
Texas: 142 specimens of algae (gift)

Whittaker, Thomas W., La Jolla,
California: 8 economic specimens (ex-
change)

Williams, Llewellyn, Randolph,
Wisconsin: 112 economic specimens, 17
wood specimens (gift)

Williams, Dr. Louis O., Tegucigalpa,
Honduras: 6 plant specimens (gift)

Wilson, Archie F., Flossmoor, Illi-
nois: 111 plant specimens (gift)

Wisconsin, University of, Madison :
19 plant specimens (gift)

Wood, Miriam, Chicago: 3 crypto-
gamic specimens (gift)

DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY-ACCESSIONS

Bridwell, L. H., Forestburg, Texas:
fossil fish-tooth — Texas (gift)

Buchanan, F. D., Chicago: 2 fossil
invertebrates — IlUnois and Indiana (gift)

California, University of, Berke-
ley: collection of fossil fish — various
localities (gift)

Carter, Alick L., Kenmore, New
York: 4 fossil-fish specimens — New
York (gift)

Chalmers Crystal Fund: germanite
crystal — Africa (gift)

Chicago, University of, Chicago:
fossil vertebrates, paleobotany collec-
tion— various localities (gift)

ChicagoNaturalHistoryMuseum:

Collected by Dr. Robert H. Denison

(Eastern States Paleontological Field

Trip, 1951): 207 fossil-fish specimens —

various localities

Collected by George Langford, Mrs.
Langford, Dr. and Mrs. R. H. Whit-
field, and Jon S. Whitfield (Wilmington,
Illinois, Paleobotanical Field Trips,
1951): 550 flora and 105 fauna speci-
mens— Illinois

Collected by George Langford, Eugene
S. Richardson, Jr., and R. H. Whitfield
(Tennessee Paleontological Field Trips,
1951): 1,465 fossil-plant and fossil-
invertebrate specimens — Tennessee;
1,167 fossil-plant specimens — various
localities

Collected by Bryan Patterson and
Orville L. Gilpin (Texas Paleontological
Expedition, 1951): collection of micro-
fauna — Texas

Collected by Dr. Sharat K. Roy
(Salvadorian Project, 1950-51): 200
volcanic and sedimentary rocks — El
Salvador

Collected by William D. Turnbull
and Priscilla F. Turnbull (Oklahoma
Paleontological Field Trip, 1951): Coty-
lorhynchus skeleton — Oklahoma

Collected by Dr. Rainer Zangerl,
Eugene S. Richardson, Jr., and Dr.
Robert H. Denison (Indiana field work) :
collection of fossil invertebrates and
fossil fish — Indiana

Purchases: restoration of Archeop-
teryx, fossil cycadeoid trunk, 12 fossil
invertebrates — various localities

Chlupac, H. E., Vienna, Austria: 51
fossil invertebrates — Austria (gift)

Cloud, F. J., Lilesville, North Caro-
lina: fossil horse-tooth — North Carolina
(gift)

Crosby, Mrs. Samuella, Chicago:
gold necklace and bracelet set with semi-
precious stones — India (gift)

Deo, Claude, Stratford, Iowa: 4
brachiopod specimens — Canada (gift)

Eargle, D. H., Washington, D.C.:
1 fossil invertebrate — Alabama (gift)

Evans, W. V., Wrigley, California:
pelecyopod specimens — California
(gift)

95

Gentz, O. a., Chicago: star ruby —
North CaroUna (gift)

Gray, L. Z., Evanston, IlHnois:
mammoth tooth — Siberia (gift)

HiNTON, G. B., Presido, Texas: 2
vanadanite specimens — Mexico (gift)

Michigan, University of, Ann
Arbor: 3 casts of fossil mammal type-
specimens — various localities (exchange)

Mississippi Geological Survey,
University: 1 ammonite — Mississippi
(gift)

Reed, Charles, Chicago: 1 fossil
invertebrate — Nebraska (gift)

Thompson, Robert T., Cave Creek,
Arizona: 1 specimen of specular hema-
tite— Arizona (gift)

Walker, Alma C, Spokane: 18
fossil-leaf specimens — various localities
(gift)

Whitfield, Jon S., Evanston, Illi-
nois: 87 fossil invertebrates — Illinois
(gift)

Whitfield, Dr. and Mrs. R. H.,
Evanston, Illinois: 140 fossil-plant
specimens — Illinois (gift)

Woley, Vida, Evanston, Illinois:
carved coral earrings, bracelets, neck-
lace, and broach — (gift)

Zangerl, Dr. Rainer, Hazelcrest,
Illinois: 2 fossil-reptile specimens —
Nevada (gift)

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY-ACCESSIONS

Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia: 5 birds —
Bolivia (exchange)

AcosTA Y Lara, Eduardo, Monti-
video, Uruguay: 3 mammals — Brazil
and Uruguay (gift)

American Museum of Natural
History, New York: 1 fish — Peru (gift)

Arkansas, University of. Depart-
ment of Zoology, Fayetteville: 2
mammals — Arkansas (gift)

Arkansas Game and Fish Commis-
sion, Little Rock: 2 mammals — Ar-
kansas (gift)

Auffenberg, Walter, Deland,
Florida: 1 reptile — Florida (gift)

Banks, Leslie, Knoxville, Tennes-
see: 1 insect — Tennessee (gift)

Barbour, Dr. Roger W., Lexington,
Kentucky: 26 salamanders (paratypes)
— Kentucky (gift)

Barr, John, Urbana, Illinois: a
problematic item of animal origin,
perhaps the egg case of a worm —
Florida (gift)

Beetle, Dorothy E., Laramie,
Wyoming: 25 lots of shells — Wyoming
and Colorado (gift)

Beimler, Theodore F., Brownsville,
Texas: 1 reptile — Texas (gift)

Bevier, Dr. George, La Paz,
Bolivia: 12 mammals — Bolivia (gift)

Birdsall, Mrs. C. A., Chicago: 2
birds — locality unknown (gift)

Bishop, Mrs. Sherman C, Rochester,
New York, and Mrs. Daniel W.
O'Dell, Ithaca, New York: the Bishop
Collection of Salamanders — North
America (gift)

BoARDMAN, Ronald P., Lake Forest,
Illinois: 1 bird — locality unknown (gift)

BoKERMANN, Werner C. A., Sao
Paulo, Brazil: 2 amphibians — Brazil
(exchange)

Bonne-Wepster, Mrs. J., Batavia,
Java: 13 reprints on mosquitoes (ex-
change)

Bradbury, Margaret G., Chicago:
6 mammals, 7 shells — Missouri (gift)

Bridwell, L. H., Forest burg, Texas:
68 shells— Texas (gift)

Brodie, Laura, Chicago: 158 reptiles
and amphibians, 38 fishes — South Caro-
lina (gift)

Bryant, Owen (address lacking):
11 insects — Colorado and Arizona (gift)

BuLLis, Harvey R., Jr., Pascagoula,
Mississippi: 15 deep-water scallops —
Gulf of Mexico (gift)

Bullock, Dr. D. S., Angol, Chile: 8
lizard eggs — Chile (gift)

BuRNSiDE, Graham, Laramie, Wy-
oming: 7 mammals — Wyoming (gift)

Butler, Dr. Philip A., Pensacola,
Florida: 2 fishes — Florida (gift)

California Academy of Sciences,
San Francisco: 246 reptiles and am-
phibians— Brazil (exchange)

96

Camras, Dr. Sidney, Chicago: 339
insects — United States (gift)

Chicago Natural History Museum :

Collected by Harry A. Beatty (West
Africa Zoological Expedition, 1950-51):
2 mammals, 692 birds — West Africa

Collected by D. Dwight Davis and
Robert F. Inger (Borneo Zoological
Expedition, 1950): 358 mammals, 449
birds, 873 amphibians and reptiles,
4,416 fishes, 18 lots of lower inverte-
brates— Borneo

Collected by Henry S. Dybas (In-
diana cave field work): 2 fishes, 2,315
insects and their allies, 37 lots of shells —
southeastern United States

Collected by Dr. Fritz Haas (Ber-
muda Zoological Expedition, 1950): 19
fishes — Bermuda

Collected by Philip Hershkovitz
(Colombia Zoological Expedition, 1948-
51): 1,014 mammals, 30 birds, 186
reptiles and amphibians — Colombia

Collected by Robert F. Inger and
Karl Kettner (Field Work for Cave
Fishes, 1951): 11 salamanders, 5 fishes,
6 crustaceans — Missouri

Collected by Dr. Paul S. Martin
(Southwest Archaeological Expedition,
1951): 1 partial mammal skeleton and
skull — New Mexico

Collected by Bryan Patterson (Texas
Paleontological Expedition, 1951): 1
reptile — Texas

Collected by Clifford H. Pope (Mexico
Zoological Field Trip, 1951) : 499 reptiles
and amphibians — Mexico

Collected by D. S. Rabor (Philippine
Islands field work): 48 mammals, 110
birds, 124 reptiles and amphibians —
Philippine Islands

Collected by Dr. Austin L. Rand and
Stanley Rand (Salvadorian Project,
1950-51): 7 mammals, 540 birds, 203
reptiles and amphibians — El Salvador

Collected by A. T. Torres (Philippine
Islands field work): 16 mammals, 157
birds — Philippine Islands

Collected by Rupert L. Wenzel and
Colin C. Sanborn (La Salle, Illinois,
bat-cave field work) : 20 bats in alcohol,
6 bat skeletons — Illinois

Collected by Loren P. Woods (Co-
operative Field Work with United States
Fish and Wildlife Service in Gulf of
Mexico, 1951): 1 partial mammal skull
and skeleton, 2,366 fishes — Gulf of
Mexico

Collected by Loren P. Woods and
Robert F. Inger (Field Work for Cave

Fishes, 1951): 421 fishes— lUinois, In-
diana, and Kentucky

Department of Geology: part of lower
jaw of sea otter — California (gift)

Purchases: 646 mammals, 561 birds,

6 eggs, 1,302 reptiles and amphibians,
11,000 lots of fishes; 4,082 fishes, ap-
proximately 60,000 insects and their
allies; 555 lower invertebrates

Chicago Zoological Society, Brook-
field, Illinois: 7 mammals, 8 birds 1
egg, 2 reptiles — various localities (gift)

Dahlgren, Dr. B. E., Chicago: 1
mammal, 1 reptile — Cuba (gift)

Daniel, Hermano, Medellin, Co-
lombia: 52 reptiles and amphibians —
Colombia (gift)

Dixon, John N., Chicago: 24 lots of
lower invertebrates — Tahiti (gift)

Dluhy, Eugene, Chicago: 170 Par-
nassius butterflies — Europe (exchange)

Dundee, Harold A., Lawrence,
Kansas: 4 salamanders — Arkansas (gift)

Emerson, Dr. Alfred E., Chicago:
1 insect (paratype) — Madagascar (gift)

Field, Dr. Henry, Washington,
D.C.: 5 fishes — Saudi Arabia (gift)

Finn, Shelly, Childersburg, Ala-
bama: 12 shells — Alabama (gift)

FocHA, Leo F., Sebastopol, Cali-
fornia: 16 shells — California (gift)

Frost, C. A., Framingham, Massa-
chusetts: 3 insects — Maine and Mas-
sachusetts (exchange)

Gaerdes, F., Okahandja, South
West Africa: 285 insects — South West
Africa (gift)

Gage, Lloyd G., Wilmette, Illinois:

7 lots of shells — Africa (gift)
Gregg, Colonel Clifford C, Val-
paraiso, Indiana: 5 mammals — Indiana
(gift)

Grimmer, Lear, Chicago: 4 mammals
— IlHnois (gift)

Guillaudeu, Captain Robert,
Korea: 8 reptiles and amphibians —
Korea (gift)

Haas, Dr. Fritz, Chicago: 327
shells — New York (gift)

Hammond, William, Lake Forest,
Illinois: 1 reptile — Illinois (gift)

Hansen, Harold, Urbana, Illinois:
5 bird skeletons — Illinois (gift)

Heller, Mrs. Hilda, Arequipa,
Peru: tail feathers of a bird — Peru (gift)

Henry, Edward Brodie, Leesville,
South Carolina: 1 reptile — South Caro-
lina (gift)

97

HoFF, Dr. C. Clayton, Albuquerque,
New Mexico: 48 insects — New Mexico
(gift)

HoOGSTRAAL, Harry, Cairo, Egypt:
853 mammals, 6 birds, 1,075 reptiles
and amphibians, 30 fishes, 10 lots of
shells — Egypt and Yemen, Arabia (gift)

HuBRlCHT, Leslie, Danville, Vir-
ginia: 567 shells — various localities
(gift)

Hughes, Jack, Ocean Springs, Mis-
sissippi: 1 fish — Petit Bois Island,
Mississippi (gift)

Illinois State Natural History
Survey, Urbana: 4 insects — various
localities (exchange)

Ingle, Robert M., Apalachiaola,
Florida: 2 fishes — Florida (gift)

Jackson, Ralph, Cambridge, Mary-
land: 2 shells — Ecuador (gift)

Jerusalem, University of, Jeru-
salem, Palestine: 2 mammals — Palestine
(exchange)

Keller, Paul, Dyer, Indiana: 1
reptile — Illinois (gift)

Kezer, Dr. James, Chicago: 72
salamanders — North Carolina (gift)

KoBAYASHi, K., Kobe, Japan: 276
birds — Japan (exchange)

La Pointe, Joseph, Harvey, Illinois:
2 salamanders — Indiana (gift)

Lauriault, Erwin H., Pucallpa,
Peru: 1 mammal skeleton — Peru (gift)

Lekagul, Dr. Boonsong, Bangkok,
Siam: 2 mammals — Siam (gift)

Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago: 3
mammals, 1 bird — various localities
(gift)

Lipscomb, Allen M., San Marcos,
Texas: 2 amphibians — Texas (gift)

Long, Lewis E., Bluefields, Nica-
ragua: 300 insects — Nicaragua (gift)

Malkin, Borys, Seattle: 381 insects
(including 2 paratypes) — world-wide
(exchange)

May, J. F., Colorado Springs, Colo-
rado: 23 insects — New Guinea (ex-
change)

McKee, W. Robert, Chicago: 1
mammal head — Canada (gift)

Michigan, University of. Museum,
Ann Arbor: 2 amphibians (paratypes) —
locality unknown (gift)

MiNTON, Dr. S. a., Indianapolis: 17
reptiles and amphibians — Indiana (gift)

MooNEY, James J., Highland Park,
Illinois: 1 mammal — Illinois (gift)

Museum of Comparative Zoology,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: 2 reptiles
(paratypes) — South America (ex-
change); 30 shells — Near East (gift)

Ness, R. H., Tower Lake, Illinois:
1 mammal — Illinois (gift)

Nicholson, A. J., BiUings, Mon-
tana: 20 insects — New Caledonia (gift)

North Borneo Fisheries Depart-
ment, Sandakan: 89 fishes — North
Borneo (gift)

Old, William, Jr., Norfolk, Virginia:
67 shells— Korea (gift)

Opat, Joe, Hinsdale, Illinois: 1
mammal skin and skull — domestic (gift)

O'TooLE, Lawrence, Evergreen
Park, Illinois: 1 mammal — domestic
(gift)

Pain, T., London, England: 20 shells
(including 1 paratype) — Dutch Guiana
(gift)

Parkman, Macy, Mt. SterHng, Illi-
nois: 1 bird — Illinois (gift)

Peabody Museum, Near-East Ex-
pedition, 1950, Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts: 649 shells — Near East (gift)

Philippine Natural History Mu-
seum, Manila, Philippine Islands: 27
birds — Philippine Islands (exchange)

Rochester, University of, Ro-
chester, New York: University of
Rochester Collection of Amphibians
and Reptiles — world-wide (gift)

Romer, J. D., Surrey, England: 9
amphibians — Hong Kong, China (gift)

Ross, Lillian A., Chicago: 2 reptiles
— Mexico (gift)

Royal Ontario Museum of Zool-
ogy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada: 2 birds
— Canada (gift)

Sanderson, Dr. Glen C, Marion,
Iowa: 1 reptile — Iowa (gift)

Schmidt, John M., Homewood, Illi-
nois: 10 mammals — Wisconsin and
Illinois (gift)

Schmidt, Karl P., Homewood, Illi-
nois: 1 bird, 15 reptiles and amphibians
— Illinois and Wisconsin (gift)

Seevers, Dr. Charles H., Home-
wood, Illinois: approximately 10,000
insects (including 24 holotypes, 1,800
paratypes, and 200 slide preparations)
— United States; 1 mechanical micro-
scope stage (gift)

Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt-
am-Main, Germany: 1 reptile — Vene-
zuela (exchange)

Shedd Aquarium, John G., Chicago:
82 fishes — world-wide (gift)

98

Shirk, Joseph H., Peru, Indiana: 5
mammal skulls — Arizona (gift)

Smith, Dr. Clarence, Aurora, Illi-
nois: 1 mammal — Illinois (gift)

Smith, Philip W., Urbana, Illinois:
1 amphibian (paratype) — Illinois (gift)

SOKAL, Robert, Lawrence, Kansas:
28 lots and 215 slides of insects —
United States (gift)

Springer, Steward, Pascagoula,
Mississippi: 13 marine invertebrates —
Gulf of Mexico (gift)

Stadelman, R. E., Villa Arteaga,
Colombia: 4 reptiles — Colombia (gift)

Stanford University, Natural
History Museum, Stanford University,
California: 24 salamanders — California

Steyermark, Mrs. Julian A., Har-
rington, Illinois: 1 bird — Illinois (gift)

Traub, Major Robert, Washington,
D.C.: 12 mammals — England (gift)

Tube, Dr. J. A., Sandakan, North
Borneo: 12 mammals — North Borneo
(gift)

United States Fish and Wildlife
Service, Pascagoula, Mississippi: 130
fishes — Gulf of Mexico (gift)

United States National Museum,
Washington, D.C.: 6 reptiles and am-
phibians, 36 lots of shells — various
localities (exchange)

Washington, University of,
School of Fisheries, Seattle: 23 fishes
— various localities (gift)

Webb, Walter F., St. Petersburg,
Florida: 4 shells — Africa (gift)

Weber, Neal A., Swarthmore, Penn-
sylvania: 20 reptiles and amphibians —
Iraq (gift)

Wheeler, Dr. George C, Grand
Forks, North Dakota: 4 salamanders —
North Dakota (gift)

Williams, Dr. Louis 0., Tegucigalpa,
Honduras: 2 salamanders — Honduras
(gift)

Winkler, Josef, Praha, Czechoslo-
vakia: 49 insects — Czechoslovakia (ex-
change)

Woods, Loren P., and Family,
Richton Park, Illinois: 2 amphibians,
18 fishes — South Carolina (gift)

ZOOLOGISCHE SAMMLUNG DES BaYER-

ischen Staates, Munich, Germany:
44 insects — various localities (exchange)

JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND
FOUNDATION-ACCESSIONS

Chicago Natural History Museum :
Made by Museum Photographer: 39

2x2 natural-color (original) slides
Howe, Charles Albee, Homewood,

Illinois: 22 2x2 natural-color (original)

slides (gift)

Moyer, John W., Chicago: 45 2x2
natural-color (original) slides (gift)

DIVISION OF PHOTOGRAPHY-ACCESSIONS

Chicago Natural History Museum :

Made by Division of Photography:

1,663 negatives, 7,442 prints, 463 en-

largements, 32 color prints, 70 lantern
slides

DIVISION OF MOTION PICTURES-ACCESSIONS

Associated Film Artists, Pasadena,

California: 400 feet of 16mm color

sound-film (purchase)

Chicago Natural History Museum :

Made by Division of Motion Pictures:

1,750 feet of 16mm color-film

Coronet Instructional Films, Chi-
cago: 400 feet of 16mm color sound-film
(purchase)

Encyclopaedia Britannica Films,
Inc., Chicago: 400 feet of 16mm black-
and-white sound-film (purchase)

99

Film Center, Inc., Chicago: 800
feet of 16mm black-and-white sound-
film (purchase)

Indiana University, Bloomington:
800 feet of 16mm color sound-film (gift)

Mover, John W., Chicago: 2,300
feet of 16mm color-film (gift)

United World Films, Inc., New
York: 800 feet of 16mm black-and-white
sound-film (purchase)

LIBRARY ACCESSIONS-LIST OF DONORS:
INSTITUTIONS

Chicago, University of. Department of Vassar College Library, Poughkeepsie,
Anthropology, Chicago New York

Lloyd Library, Cincinnati, Ohio

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
Woods Hole, Massachusetts

LIBRARY ACCESSIONS-LIST OF DONORS:
INDIVIDUALS

Briese, Dr. Walter, Santiago de Chile,
Chile

Cole, Dr. Fay-Cooper, Santa Barbara,

California
Conover, Boardman, Estate of, Chicago
Cory, Charles B., Jr., Homewood,

Illinois

Dobynes, Henry F., Tucson, Arizona
Doty, Dr. Maxwell S., Honolulu,
Hawaii, T.H.

Field, Dr. Henry, Washington, D.C.
Field, Stanley, Lake Bluff, Illinois

Gregg, Colonel Clifford C, Valparaiso,
Indiana

Haas, Dr. Fritz, Chicago

Inger, Robert F., Homewood, Illinois

Lohmeyer, Dr. Gerhard, Frankfurt-am-
Main, Germany

Mueller, Mrs. Hedwig H., Chicago

Nichols, Henry W., Estate of, Chicago

Richardson, Eugene S., Jr., Gurnee,
Illinois

Schmidt, Karl P., Homewood, Illinois
Spoehr, Dr. Alexander, Morton Grove,

Illinois
Stuart, Dr. Lawrence C, Ann Arbor,

Michigan

Wenzel, Rupert L., Oak Park, Illinois

100

MEMBERS OF THE MUSEUM

FOUNDER

Marshall Field*

Ayer, Edward E.*

Buckingham, Miss
Kate S.*

Conover, Boardman''
Crane, Cornelius
Crane, R. T., Jr.*

Field, Joseph N.*
Field, Marshall
Field, Stanley
Field, Mrs. Stanley

* Deceased

BENEFACTORS

Those who have contributed $100,000 or more to the Museum
Graham, Ernest R.*

Harris, Albert W.
Harris, Norman W.*
Higinbotham, Harlow N.*

Kelley, William V.*

Pullman, George M.*

Rawson, Frederick H.*
Raymond, Mrs. Anna
Louise*

Raymond, James Nelson*
Ryerson, Martin A,*
Ryerson, Mrs.
Martin A.*

Simpson, James*
Smith, Mrs. Frances

Gaylord*
Smith, George T.*
Sturges, Mrs. Mary D.*
Suarez, Mrs. Diego

HONORARY MEMBERS

Those who have rendered eminent service to Science

Cutting, C. Suydam

Field, Marshall
Field, Stanley

Gustaf VI, His Majesty,
King of Sweden

Harris, Albert W.

Sargent, Homer E.
Suarez, Mrs. Diego

Vernay, Arthur S.

PATRONS

Those who have rendered eminent service to the Museum

Ellsworth, Duncan S. Moore, Mrs. William H.

Field, Mrs. Stanley
Hancock, G. Allan
Judson, Clay
Day, Lee Garnett Knight, Charles R.

Calderini, Charles J.
Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily

Crane
Chancellor, Philip M.
Collins, Alfred M.
Cutting, C. Suydam

Sargent, Homer E.
Suarez, Mrs. Diego

Vernay, Arthur S.

White, Harold A.

101

CORRESPONDING MEMBERS

Scientists or patrons of science, residing in foreign countries, who have rendered
eminent service to the Museum

Breuil, Abb6 Henri

Hochreutiner, Dr.
B. P Georges

Humbert, Professor
Henri

Keissler, Dr. Karl

Keith, Professor Sir
Arthur

Leon, Brother (Sauget y
Barbier, Joseph S.)

CONTRIBUTORS

Those who have contributed $1,000 to $100,000 to the Museum
in money or materials

$75,000 to $100,000
Chancellor, Philip M.

$50,000 to $75,000

Keep, Chauncey*

Remmer, Oscar E.*
Rosenwald, Mrs.
Augusta N.*

$25,000 to $50,000

Adams, Mrs. Edith
Almy*

Blackstone, Mrs.
Timothy B.*

Chalmers, Mrs. Joan A.*
Coats, John*
Crane, Charles R.*
Crane, Mrs. R. T., Jr.*

Jones, Arthur B.*

Murphy, Walter P.*

Porter, George F,*

Rosenwald, Julius*

Vernay, Arthur S.

White, Harold A.

$10,000 to $25,000

Adams, Joseph*
Armour, Allison V.*
Armour, P. D.*

Babcock, Mrs. Abby K.*
Barnes, R. Magoon*

* Deceased

Bartlett, Miss Florence
Dibell

Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily

Crane
Chalmers, William J.*
Cummings, R. F.*
Cutting, C. Suydam

Everard, R. T.*

Gunsaulus, Dr. F. W.*

Insull, Samuel*

Laufer, Dr. Berthold*
Lufkin, Wallace W.*

Mandel, Leon
McCormick, Cyrus

(Estate)
McCormick, Stanley
Mitchell, John J.*

Reese, Lewis*
Richards, Elmer J.
Robb, Mrs. George W.*
Rockefeller Foundation,
The

Sargent, Homer E.
Schweppe, Mrs.

Charles H.*
Straus, Mrs. Oscar S.*
Strong, Walter A.*

Wrigley, William, Jr.*

$5,000 to $10,000

Adams, George E.*
Adams, Milward*
American Friends of

China
Avery, Sewell L.

Bartlett, A. C*

Bishop, Heber (Estate)
Borland, Mrs. John Jay*

Crane, R. T.*
Cuatrecasas, Dr. Jose

Doane, J. W.*

Field, Dr. Henry
Fuller, William A.*

Graves, George Coe, II*

Harris, Hayden B.
Harris, Norman Dwight
Harris, Mrs. Norman W.*
Haskell, Frederick T.*
Hutchinson, C. L.*

Keith, Edson*

Langtry, J. C.

MacLean, Mrs.
M. Haddon*
Moore, Mrs. William H.

Payne, John Barton*
Pearsons, D. K.*
Perry, Stuart H.
Porter, H. H.*

Ream, Norman B.*
Revell, Alexander H.*
Richards, Donald
Riley, Mrs. Charles V.*

Salie, Prince M. U. M.
Sprague, A. A.*
Storey, William Benson*
Strawn, Silas H.*
Street, William S.

Thome, Bruce
Tree, Lambert*

Valentine, Louis L.*

Watkins, Rush
Wetten, Albert H.

102

CONTRIBUTORS (Continued)

$1,000 to $5,000

Acosta Soils, Dr. M.
Avery, Miss Clara A.*
Ayer, Mrs. Edward E.*

Barr, Mrs. Roy Evan
Barrett, Samuel E.*
Bensabott, R., Inc.
Bishop, Dr. Louis B.*
Bishop, Mrs. Sherman C.
Blair, Watson F.*
Blaschke, Stanley

Field
Block, Mrs. Helen M.*
Borden, John
Brown, Charles Edward*
Buchen, Walther

Cahn, Dr. Alvin R.
Chicago Zoological

Society, The
Coburn, Mrs. Annie S.*
Cory, Charles B., Jr.
Crocker, Templeton
Cummings, Mrs.

Robert F.*

Desloge, Joseph
Doering, O. C.
Dybas, Henry S.

Eitel, Emil*

Fish, Mrs. Frederick S.*

Graves, Henry, Jr.
Grier, Mrs. Susie I.*
Gunsaulus, Miss Helen
Gurley, William F. E.*

Herz, Arthur Wolf*
* Deceased

Hibbard, W. G.*
Higginson, Mrs.

Charles M.*
Hill, James J.*
Hinde, Thomas W.
Hixon, Frank P.*
Hoffman, Miss Malvina
Hoogstraal, Harry
Howe, Charles Albee
Hughes, Thomas S.*

Jackson, Huntington W.*
James, F. G.
James, S. L.

Knickerbocker,

Charles K.*

Kraft, James L.

Langford, George
Lee Ling Yiin
Lerner, Michael
Look, Alfred A.

MacLean, Haddon H.
Mandel, Fred L., Jr.
Manierre, George*
Marshall, Dr. Ruth
Martin, Alfred T.*
McCormick, Cyrus H.*
McCormick, Mrs. Cyrus*
Mitchell, Clarence B.
Moyer, John W.

Nash, Mrs. L. Byron
Nichols, Henry W.*

O'Dell, Mrs. Daniel W.
Ogden, Mrs. Frances E.*
Ohlendorf, Dr. William
Clarence

Osgood, Dr. Wilfred H.*

Palmer, Potter*
Patten, Henry J.*
Prentice, Mrs.
Clarence C.

Rauchfuss, Charles F.*
Raymond, Charles E.*
Reynolds, Earle H.*
Richardson, Dr.

Maurice L.
Ross, Miss Lillian A.
Rumely, William N.*

Schapiro, Dr. Louis*
Schmidt, Karl P.
Schwab, Martin C*
Schweppe, Charles H.*
Seevers, Dr. Charles H.
Shaw, William W.
Sherff, Dr. Earl E.
Smith, Bryon L.*
Sprague, Albert A.*
Steyermark, Dr.
Julian A.

Thompson, E. H.*
Thorne, Mrs. Louise E.
Traylor, Melvin A., Jr.

VanValzah, Dr. Robert
VonFrantzius, Fritz*

Wheeler, Leslie*
Whitfield, Dr. R. H.
Willems, Dr. J. Daniel
Willis, L. M.*
Witkowsky, James*
Wolcott, Albert B.*

Zangerl, Dr. Rainer

CORPORATE MEMBERS

Armour, Lester
Avery, Sewell L.

Blair, Wm. McCormick
Block, Leopold E.
Borden, John

Calderini, Charles J.
Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily

Crane
Chancellor, Philip M.
Collins, Alfred M.
Cummings, Walter J.
Cutting, C. Suydam

Day, Lee Garnett
Dick, Albert B., Jr.

Ellsworth, Duncan S.

Fenton, Howard W.
Field, Joseph N.
Field, Marshall
Field, Marshall, Jr.
Field, Stanley
Field, Mrs. Stanley

Hancock, G. Allan
Harris, Albert W.

Insull, Samuel, Jr.
Isham, Henry P.

Judson, Clay

Knight, Charles R.

McBain, Hughston M.

Mitchell, William H.
Moore, Mrs. William H.

Randall, Clarence B.
Richardson, George A.

Sargent, Homer E.
Searle, John G.
Smith, Solomon A.
Suarez, Mrs. Diego

Vernay, Arthur S.

Ware, Louis
Wetten, Albert H.
White, Harold A.
Wilson, John P.

103

LIFE MEMBERS

Those who have contributed $500 to the Museum

Adler, Max
Allerton, Robert H.
Armour, A. Watson
Armour, Lester
Armour, Mrs. Ogden
Ascoli, Mrs. Max
Avery, Sewell L.

Babson, Henry B.
Bacon, Edward

Richardson, Jr.
Banks, Alexander F.
Barnhart, Miss

Gracia M. F.
Barr, Mrs. Roy Evan
Barrett, Mrs. A. D.
Barrett, Robert L.
Bartlett, Miss Florence

Dibell
Baur, Mrs. Jacob
Bensabott, R.
Bermingham, Edward J.
Blaine, Mrs. Emmons
Block, Leopold E.
Borden, John
Borland, Chauncey B.
Brassert, Herman A.
Brewster, Walter S.
Browne, Aldis J.
Buchanan, D. W.
Budd, Britton I.
Burnham, John
Burt, William G.
Butler, Julius W.
Butler, Rush C.

Carpenter, Augustus A.
Carpenter, Mrs. John

Alden
Carr, George R.
Carr, Walter S.
Casalis, Mrs. Maurice
Chatfield-Taylor, Wayne
Clegg, Mrs. William G.
Connor, Ronnoc Hill
Cook, Mrs. Daphne

Field
Corley, F. D.
Cramer, Corwith
Crossett, Edward C.
Crossley, Lady Josephine
Crossley, Sir Kenneth
Cudahy, Edward A.
Cummings, Walter J.
Cunningham, James D.
Gushing, Charles G.

Dahl, Ernest A.
Dawes, Henry M.
Delano, Frederic A.

Dick, Albert B., Jr.
Dierssen, Ferdinand W.
Donnelley, Thomas E.
Doyle, Edward J.
Drake, John B.

Edmunds, Philip S.
Ely, Mrs. C. Morse
Epstein, Max
Ewing, Charles Hull

Farr, Newton Camp
Farr, Miss Shirley
Fay, C. N.
Fenton, Howard W.
Fentress, Calvin
Fernald, Charles
Field, Joseph N.
Field, Marshall
Field, Marshall, Jr.
Field, Norman
Field, Mrs. Norman
Field, Stanley
Field, Mrs. Stanley

Gardner, Robert A.
Gilbert, Huntly H.
Go\ving, J. Parker

Hamill, Alfred E.
Harris, Albert W.
Harris, Norman W.
Hayes, William F.
Hecht, Frank A.
Hemmens, Mrs.

Walter P.
Hibbard, Frank
Hickox, Mrs. Charles V.
Hinde, Thomas W.
Hopkins, L. J.
Horowitz, L. J.
Hoyt, N. Landon
Hutchins, James C.

Insull, Samuel, Jr.

Jarnagin, William N.
Jelke, John F.
Joiner, Theodore E.
Jones, Miss Gwethalyn

Kelley, Russell P.
King, James G.
Kirk, Walter Radcliffe

Ladd, John
Lehmann, E. J.
Leonard, Clifford M.
Levy, Mrs. David M.
Linn, Mrs. Dorothy C.
Logan, Spencer H.

MacDowell, Charles H.
MacLeish, John E.
MacVeagh, Eames
Madlener, Mrs. Albert F.
Mason, William S.
McBain, Hughston M.
Mclnnerney, Thomas H.
McKinlay, John
Meyer, Carl
Meyne, Gerhardt F.
Mitchell, William H.
Morse, Charles H.
Munroe, Charles A.
Myrland, Arthur L.

Ormsby, Dr. Oliver S.
Orr, Robert M.

Paesch, Charles A.
Palmer, Honore
Pick, Albert
Prentice, Mrs.
Clarence C.

Rodman, Mrs. Katherine

Field
Rodman, Thomas

Clifford
Rosenwald, William
Rubloff, Arthur
Ryerson, Edward L., Jr.

Seabury, Charles W.
Shirk, Joseph H.
Smith, Alexander
Smith, Solomon A.
Spalding, Keith
Sprague, Mrs. Albert A.
Stuart, Harry L.
Stuart, John
Stuart, R. Douglas
Sturges, George
Swift, Harold H.

Thome, Robert J.
Tree, Ronald L. F,
Tyson, Russell

Uihlein, Edgar J.

Veatch, George L.

Walker, Dr. James W.
Wanner, Harry C.
Ward, P. C.
Welch, Mrs. Edwin P.
Welling, John P.
Whitney, Mrs. Julia L.
Wickwire, Mrs.

Edward L.
Wieboldt, William A.

104

Willard, Alonzo J.
Wilson, John P.

LIFE MEMBERS (Continued)

Wilson, Thomas E.
Winston, Garrard B.

WooUey, Clarence M.
Wrigley, Philip K.

Deceased, 1951
Dawes, Charles G. Morton, Mark

NON'RESIDENT LIFE MEMBERS

Those, residing fifty miles or more from the city of Chicago, who have
contributed $100 to the Museum

Allen, Dr. T. George
Andrew, Edward

Coolidge, Harold J.

Dulany, George W., Jr.

Gregg, John Wyatt

Hearne, Knox

Holloman, Mrs.
Delmar W.

Johnson, Herbert F., Jr.

Maxwell, Gilbert S.

Osgood, Mrs. Cornelius

Richardson, Dr.
Maurice L.

Rosen wald, Lessing J.

Sardeson, Orville A.
Stephens, W. C.
Stern, Mrs. Edgar B.

Vernay, Arthur S.

Zerk, Oscar U.

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

Those who have contributed $100 to the Museum

Aaron, Charles
Aaron, Ely M.
Abbott, Donald

Putnam, Jr.
Abbott, William L.
Abeles, Mrs. Jerome G.
Abrams, Duff A.
Ackerman, Charles N.
Adamick, Gustave H.
Adams, Mrs. Charles S.
Adams, Mrs. Frances

Sprogle
Adams, Miss Jane
Adams, John Q.
Adams, Mrs. S. H.
Adams, Mrs. Samuel
Adams, William C.
Adamson, Henry T.
Adler, Mrs. Max
Ahlschlager, Walter W.
Alberts, Mrs. M. Lee
Alden, William T.
Aldis, Graham
Alexander, Mrs.

Arline V.
Alexander, Edward
Alexander, William H.
AUbright, John G.
Allen, Mrs. Grace G.

Allen, Herman
Allen, Waldo Morgan
Allensworth, A. P.
Allin, J. J.

Allison, Mrs. William M.
Alsip, Mrs. Charles H.
Alter, Harry
Alton, Carol W.
Alward, Walter C, Jr.
Ames, Rev. Edward S.
Anderson, Mrs. A. W.
Anderson, Mrs. Alfred
Anderson, Mrs. Alma K.
Anderson, Miss Florence

Regina
Andrews, Mrs. E. C.
Andrews, Milton H.
Angelopoulos, Archie
Anstiss, George P.
Antrim, E. M.
Appelt, Mrs. Jessie E.
Appleton, John Albert
Armbrust, John T.
Armour, A. Watson, III
Armour, Laurance H.
Armour, Philip D.
Armstrong, Mrs. Julian
Armstrong, Kenneth E.
Arn, W. G.

Arnold, Mrs. Lloyd
Artingstall, Samuel G.
Ascher, Fred
Ashenhurst, Harold S.
Asher, Norman
Atwood, Philip T.
Aurelius, Mrs. Marcus A.
Avery, George J.
Ay res, Robert B.

Babson, Mrs. Gustavus
Bachmeyer, Dr.

Arthur C.
Back, Miss Maude F.
Bacon, Dr. Alfons R.
Badger, Shreve Cowles
Baer, David E.
Baer, Mervin K.
Baer, Walter S.
Bagby, John C.
Baggaley, William Blair
Bair, W. P.
Baird, Harry K.
Baker, Mrs. Alfred L.
Baker, G. W.
Baker, Greeley
Baldwin, Vincent Curtis
Balgemann, Otto W.
Balkin, Louis

105

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Ball, Dr. Fred E.
Ballard, Mrs. Foster K.
Ballenger, A. G.
Baltis, Walter S.
Banes, W. C.
Bannister, Miss Ruth D.
Bantsolas, John N.
Barber, Phil C.
Bargquist, Miss

Lillian D.
Barkhausen, L. H.
Barnard, Harrison B.
Barnes, Cecil
Barnes, Mrs. Charles

Osborne
Barnes, Harold 0.
Barnett, Claude A.
Barnhart, Mrs. A. M.
Barr, Mrs. Alfred H.
Barr, George
Barrett, Mrs. Arthur M.
Barrett, Mrs. Harold G.
Bart hell, Gary
Bartholomae, Mrs.

Emma
Bartholomay, F. H.
Bartholomay, Henry
Bartholomay, Mrs.

William, Jr.
Bartlett, Frederic C.
Barton, Mrs. Enos M.
Basile, William B.
Basta, George A.
Bastian, Charles L.
Bastien, A. E.
Bates, Mrs. A. M.
Bates, George A.
Bates, Joseph A.
Battey, Paul L.
Baum, Mrs. James E.
Baum, Wilhelm
Baumann, Harry P.
Bausch, William C.
Beach, Miss Bess K.
Beach, E. Chandler
Beachy, Mrs. Walter F,
Beatty, John T.
Bechtner, Paul
Beck, Alexander
Becker, Benjamin V.
Becker, Frederick G.
Becker, James H.
Becker, Louis
Becker, Louis L,
Beckler, R. M.
Beckman, Victor A.
Beckman, Mrs. Victor A.
Beckman, William H.
Beddoes, Hubert
Behr, Mrs. Edith
Beidler, Francis, II
Belden, Joseph C, Jr.

Bell, Mrs. Laird
Benjamin, Jack A.
Benner, Harry
Bennett, Bertram W.
Bennett, S. A.
Bennett, Prof.

J. Gardner
Benson, John
Benson, Mrs.

Thaddeus R.
Bent, John P.
Bentley, Mrs. Cyrus
Berend, George F.
Berkely, Dr. J. G.
Berkson, Mrs. Maurice
Bernstein, Philip
Berry, V. D.
Bersbach, Elmer S.
Bertschinger, Dr. C. F.
Besly, Mrs. C. H.
Bettman, Dr. Ralph B.
Bichl, Thomas A.
Biddle, Robert C.
Biehn, Dr. J. F.
Bigelow, Mrs. Ann
Biggers, Bryan B.
Biggs, Mrs. Joseph H.
Bigler, Mrs. Albert J.
Bigler, Dr. John A.
Billow, Miss Virginia
Bird, Miss Frances
Birk, Miss Amelia
Bishop, Howard P.
Bishop, Miss Martha V.
Bittel, Mrs. Frank J.
Bixby, Edward Randall
Blackburn, Oliver A.
Blair, Mrs. M. Barbour
Blair, Wm. McCormick
Blair, Wolcott
Blatchford, Dr. Frank

Wicks
Blecker, Mrs.

Michael, Jr.
Blessing, Dr. Robert
Block, Joseph L.
Block, Leigh B.
Block, Mrs. Leigh B.
Block, Philip D., Jr.
Bloss, Mrs. Sidney M.
Bluford, Mrs. David
Blum, Harry H.
Blunt, J. E., Jr.
Boal, Ayres
Boal, Stewart
Boericke, Mrs. Anna
Boettcher, Arthur H.
Bohasseck, Charles
Bohrer, Randolph
Bolotin, Hyman
Bolten, Paul H.
Bondy, Berthold

Boomer, Dr. Paul C.
Boone, Arthur
Booth, George E.
Borg, George W.
Bori, Mrs. Albert V.
Borland, Mrs. Bruce
Borland, WilHam F.
Borowitz, David
Borwell, Robert C.
Bosch, Charles
Bosch, Mrs. Henry
Bosworth, Mrs.

Roland I.
Botts, Graeme G.
Boulton, Mrs. Rudyerd
Bousa, Dr. Bohuslav
Bowen, Mrs. Louise

DeKoven
Bowers, Ralph E.
Bowman, Mrs. E. M.
Bowman, Johnston A.
Boyack, Harry
Boyd, Mrs. T. Kenneth
Boynton, A. J.
Boynton, Frederick P.
Brach, Mrs. F. V.
Bradley, Mrs. A. Ballard
Brainerd, Mrs. Arthur T.
Bramble, Delhi G. C.
Brandt, Charles H.
Bransfield, John J.
Brauer, Mrs. Paul
Bremner, Mrs. David F.
Brendecke, Miss June
Brenner, S. L.
Brennom, Dr. Elmo F.
Brennwasser, S. M.
Brenza, Miss Mary
Breslin, Dr. Winston I.
Brewer, Mrs. Angeline L.
Breyer, Mrs. Theodor
Bridges, Arnold
Bristol, James T.
Brock, A. J.
Brodribb, Lawrence C.
Brodsky, J. J.
Brostoff, Harry M.
Brown, A. Wilder
Brown, Mrs. C. H.
Brown, Christy
Brown, David S.
Brown, Mrs. Everett C.
Brown, John T.
Brown, Dr. Joshua M.
Brown, Mark A.
Brown, Scott
Brown, William F.
Brucker, Dr. Edward A.
Bruckner, William T.
Brugman, John J.
Bruhn, H. C.
Brundage, Avery

106

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Brunswick, Larry
Buchner, Dr. E. M.
Buck, Nelson Leroy
Buckley, Mrs. Warren
Bucklin, Mrs. Vail R.
Buddig, Carl
Buehler, H. L.
Buettner, Walter J.
BufRngton, Mrs.

Margaret A.
Buhmann, Gilbert G.
Bunge, Mrs. Albert J.
Bunte, Mrs. Theodore W.
Burbott, E. W.
Burch, Clayton B.
Burchmore, John S.
Burdick, Mrs. Alfred S.
Burgstreser, Newton
Burgweger, Mrs. Meta

Dewes
Burke, Webster H.
Burley, Mrs. Clarence A.
Burnham, Mrs. George
Burns, Mrs. Randall W.
Burry, William
Bush, Earl J.
Bush, Mrs. William H.
Butler, Mrs. Hermon B.
Butler, John M.
Butler, Paul
Butz, Theodore C.
Butzow, Mrs. Robert C.
Byrne, Miss Margaret H.

Cahn, Dr. Alvin R.
Cahn, Bertram J.
Cahn, Morton D.
Caine, John F.
Caine, Leon J.
Callender, Mrs.

Joseph E.
Calmeyn, Frank B.
Camenisch, Miss

Sophia C.
Cameron, Dr. Dan U.
Cameron, Will J.
Camp, Mrs. Arthur

Royce
Campbell, Delwin M.
Campbell, Herbert J.
Canby, Caleb H., Jr.
Canman, Richard W.
Canmann, Mrs. Harry L.
Capes, Lawrence R.
Capps, Dr. Joseph A.
Cardelli, Mrs. Giovanni
Carlin, Leo J.
Carmell, Daniel D.
Carney, William Roy
Caron, O. J.
Carpenter, Mrs.

Frederic Ives, Sr.

Carpenter, Hubbard
Carqueville, Mrs. A. R.
Carr, Mrs. Clyde M.
Carr, Robert A.
Carroll, John A.
Carry, Joseph C.
Carter, Mrs. Armistead B.
Carter, Miss Frances

Jeannette
Carton, Alfred T.
Carton, Laurence A.
Cary, Dr. Eugene
Castle, Alfred C.
Castruccio, Giuseppe
Gates, Dudley
Cedar, Merwyn E.
Cederlund, R. Stanley
Cerling, Fredolph A.
Cernoch, Frank
Chandler, Henry P.
Chapin, William Arthur
Chapman, Arthur E.
Chatain, Robert N.
Cheney, Dr. Henry W.
Chenier, Miss Mizpah
Cherones, George D.
Cherry, Walter L., Jr.
Childs, Mrs. C. Frederick
Childs, Mrs. George W.
Chinlund, Miss Ruth E.
Chislett, Miss Kate E.
Christensen, E. C.
Christiansen, Dr. Henry
Churan, Charles A.
Clare, Carl P.
Clark, Ainsworth W.
Clark, Miss Alice Keep
Clark, Mrs. Edward S.
Clark, Edwin H.
Clarke, Charles F.
Clarke, Harley L.
Clay, John

Clemen, Dr. Rudolph A.
Cleveland, Paul W.
Clifford, Fred J., Jr.
Clinch, Duncan L.
CHthero, W. S.
Clonick, Abraham J.
Clonick, Seymour E.
Clow, Mrs. Harry B.
Clow, William E., Jr.
Coath, V. W.
Cochran, John L.
Cohen, George B.
Cohen, Mrs. L. Lewis
Colburn, Frederick S.
Colby, Mrs. George E.
Cole, Sidney I.
Coleman, Clarence L., Jr.
Coleman, Dr. George H.
Coleman, Mrs. John
Coleman, Loring W.

Coleman, Marvin H.
Collins, Beryl B.
Collison, E. K.
Colvin, Miss Catharine
Colvin, Miss Jessie
Colwell, Clyde C.
Compton, Mrs.

Arthur H.
Compton, D. M.
Conger, Miss Cornelia
Conkey, Henry P.
Connell, P. G.
Conners, Harry
Connor, Mrs. Clara A.
Connor, Frank H.
Conover, Miss

Margaret B.
Cook, Miss Alice B.
Cook, Mrs. Charles B.
Cook, Mrs. David S.
Cook, Jonathan Miller
Cook, L. Charles
Cook, Louis T.
Cook, Thomas H.
Cooke, Charles E.
Cooke, Miss Flora
Cooley, Gordon A.
Coolidge, Miss Alice
Coolidge, E. Channing
Coolidge, Dr. Edgar D.
Coombs, James F.
Coonley, John Stuart
Coonley, Prentiss L.
Cooper, Samuel
Copland, David
Corbett, Mrs. William J.
Cornell, Mrs. John E.
Cosford, Thomas H.
Coston, James E.
Cowan, Mrs. Grace L.
Cowen, Maurice L.
Cowles, Knight C.
Cox, James C.
Cox, William D.
Cragg, Mrs. George L.
Crane, Charles R., II
Creange, A. L.
Crego, Mrs. Dominica S.
Crerar, Mrs. John
Crilly, Edgar
Cromwell, Miss Juliette

Clara
Crowley, C. A.
Cubbins, Dr. William R.
Cudahy, Edward I.
Cudahy, Mrs. Joseph M.
Cummings, Mrs. D. Mark
Cummings, Edward M.
Cummings, Mrs.

Frances S.
Cuneo, John F.

107

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Curtis, Austin
Guthrie, Jr.
Cusack, Harold
Cushing, John Caleb
Cushman, Barney
Cutler, Henry E.
Cutler, Paul William
Cuttle, Harold E.

Daemicke, Mrs. Irwin

Paul
Dahlberg, Bror G.
Daily, Richard
Daley, Harry C.
Dalmar, Mrs. Hugo
Dalmar, Hugo, Jr.
Dammann, J. F.
Dangel, W. H.
Danielson, Philip A.
Danley, Jared Gage
Danne, William C, Jr.
Dantzig, Leonard P.
D'Aquila, George
Darbo, Howard H.
Darrow, Paul E.
Daughaday, C. Colton
Davey, Mrs. Bruce E.
David, Dr. Vernon C.
Davidson, David W.
Davidson, Miss Mary E.
Davies, Marshall
Davis, Arthur
Davis, C. S.
Davis, Don L.
Davis, Frank S.
Davis, Dr. Joseph A.
Davis, Dr. Loyal
Davis, Dr.

Nathan S., Ill
Deahl, Uriah S.
Deane, Mrs. Ruthven
Decker, Charles O.
DeCosta, Lewis M.
deDardel, Carl O.
Dee, Thomas J.
Deeming, W. S.
Degen, David
DeGolyer, Robert S.
DeLemon, H. R.
Delph, Dr. John F.
Demaree, H. S.
Deming, Everett G.
Dempster, Mrs.

Charles W.
Denison, Mrs. John

Porter
Denman, Mrs. Burt J.
Dennehy, Thomas C, Jr.
Denney, Ellis H.
Deslsles, Mrs. Carrie L.
Deutsch, Mrs. Percy L.
DeVries, David

Dick, Edison
Dick, Elmer J.
Dick, Mrs. Homer T.
Dickey, Roy
Dickinson, F. R.
Dickinson, Robert B.
Dickinson, Mrs.

Thompson
Diestel, Mrs. Herman
Dimick, Miss Elizabeth
Dimmer, Miss

Elizabeth G.
Dixon, George W., Jr.
Dixon, Mrs. William

Warren
Dobyns, Mrs. Henry F.
Doctor, Isidor
Dodge, Mrs. Paul C.
Doering, Otto C.
Doetsch, Miss Anna
Dolese, Mrs. John
Donker, Mrs. William
Donlon, Mrs. Stephen E.
Donnel, Mrs. Curtis, Jr.
Donnelley, Gaylord
Donnelley, Mrs. H. P.
Donohue, Edgar T.
Dornbusch, Charles H.
Dorocke, Joseph, Jr.
Dorschel, Q. P.
Douglas, James H., Jr.
Douglass, Kingman
Douglass, Mrs. W. A.
Dreutzer, Carl
Drever, Thomas
Dreyfus, Mrs. Moise
Dubbs, C. P.
DuBois, Laurence M.
Dudley, Laurence H.
Dulsky, Mrs. Samuel
Dunbaugh, Harry J.
Duncan, Albert G.
Duner, Joseph A.
Dunlop, Mrs. Simpson
Dunn, Samuel O.
Durand, Mrs. N. E.
Durbin, Fletcher M.

Easterberg, C. J.
Eastman, Mrs. George H.
Eaton, J. Frank
Ebeling, Frederic 0.
Eckhart, Percy B.
Eddy, Thomas H.
Edwards, Miss Edith E.
Edwards, Kenneth P.
Egan, William B.
Egloff, Dr. Gustav
Eichengreen, Edmund K.
Eiseman, Fred R.
Eisenberg, Sam J.
Eisendrath, Edwin W.

Eisendrath, Miss Elsa B.
Eisendrath, Robert M.
Eisendrath, William B.
Eisenschiml, Mrs. Otto
Eisenstaedt, Harry
Eisenstein, Sol
Eitel, Karl
Eitel, Max

Elcock, Mrs. Edward G.
Elich, Robert William
Ellbogen, Miss Celia
Elliott, Dr. Clinton A.
Elliott, Frank R.
Ellis, Howard
Elting, Howard
Embree, Henry S.
Embree, J. W., Jr.
Emery, Edward W.
Emmerich, Miss Clara L.
Engberg, Miss Ruth M.
Engel, Miss Henrietta
Engstrom, Harold
Erdmann, Mrs. C. Pardee
Erickson, Donovan Y.
Erickson, James A.
Ericson, Mrs. Chester F.
Ericsson, Clarence
Ericsson, Dewey A.
Ericsson, Walter H.
Erikson, Carl A.
Ernst, Mrs. Leo
Erskine, Albert DeWolf
Etten, Henry C.
Eustice, Mrs. Alfred L.
Evans, Miss Anna B.
Evans, Mrs. David
Evans, David J.
Evans, Eliot H.

Fabrice, Edward H.
Fabry, Herman
Fackt, Mrs. George P.
Fader, A. L.
Faget, James E.
F'aherty, Roger
Faithorn, Walter E.
Falk, Miss Amy
Fallon, Mrs. J. B.
Fallon, Dr. W. Raymond
Falls, Dr. A. G.
Farnham, Mrs. Harry J.
Farrell, Mrs. B. J.
Farwell, John V., Ill
Faulkner, Charles J.
Faulkner, Miss Elizabeth
Faurot, Henry, Jr.
Favill, Mrs. John
Fay, Eugene C.
Feiwell, Morris E.
Felix, Benjamin B.
Fellows, William K.

108

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Felsenthal, Edward

George
Fennekohl, Mrs.

Arthur C.
Fergus, Robert C.
Fernald, Robert W.
Ferry, Mrs. Frank F.
Fetzer, Wade
Filkins, A. J.
Fineman, Oscar
Finley, Max H.
Finnegan, Richard J.
Finnerud, Dr. Clark W.
Firsel, Maurice S.
Fischel, Frederic A.
Fish, Mrs. Helen S.
Fishbein, Dr. Morris
Fisher, Harry M.
Fisk, Mrs. Burnham M.
Fitzpatrick, Mrs. John A.
Flavin, Edwin F.
Fleming, Mrs. Joseph B.
Florsheim, Harold M.
Florsheim, Irving S.
Florsheim, Mrs.

Milton S.
Folonie, Mrs. Robert J.
Folsom, Mrs. William R.
Foote, Mrs. Harley T.
Forch, Mrs. John L., Jr.
Ford, Mrs. Willis Roland
Foreman, Mrs. Alfred K.
Foreman, Mrs. E. G.
Foreman, Edwin G., Jr.
Foreman, Harold E.
Forgan, James B.
Forgan, Mrs. J. Russell
Forgan, Robert D.
Forman, Charles
Forster, J. George
Fortune, Miss Joanna
Foster, Mrs. Charles K.
Fox, Jacob Logan
Fox, Dr. Paul C.
Franche, Mrs. D. C, III
Frank, Arthur A.
Frankel, Louis
Frankenstein, William B.
Frankenthal, Dr.

Lester E., Jr.
Franklin, Egington
Frazer, Mrs. George E.
Freedman, Dr. I. Val
Freeman, Charles Y.
Freiler, Abraham J.
French, Dudley K.
Frenier, A. B.
Freudenthal, G. S.
Frey, Charles Daniel
Freyn, Henry J.
Fridstein, Meyer
Friedlich, Mrs. Herbert

Friestedt, Arthur A.
Fuller, Mrs. Gretta

Patterson
Fuller, J. E.
Fuller, Judson M.
Furry, William S.

Gabriel, Adam
Gaertner, William
Galgano, John H.
Gall, Charles H.
Gall, Harry T.
Gallup, Rockwell L.
Gait, Mrs. A. T.
Gamble, D. E.
Garcia, Jose
Garden, Hugh M. G.
Gardiner, Mrs. John L.
Gardner, Addison L.
Gardner, Addison L., Jr.
Gardner, Henry A.
Gardner, Mrs. James P.
Garen, Joseph F.
Garnett, Joseph B.
Garrison, Dr. Lester E.
Gates, Mrs. L. F.
Gawne, Miss Clara V.
Gay, Rev. A. Royal
Gear, H. B.
Gehl, Dr. W. H.
Gehrmann, Felix
Geiger, Alfred B.
Ceiling, Dr. E. M. K.
Geittmann, Dr. W. F.
Gellert, Donald N.
Gensburg, Samuel H.
Gentry, Veit
Gentz, Miss Margaret

Nina
Gerber, Max
Gerding, R. W.
Gerngross, Mrs. Leo
Gettelman, Mrs.

Sidney H.
Gettleman, Frank E.
Getz, Mrs. James R.
Getzoff, E. B.
Gibbs, Richard F.
Gibson, Dr. Stanley
Gidwitz, Alan K.
Giffey, Miss Hertha
Gifford, Mrs.

Frederick C.
Gilchrist, Mrs. John F.
Gilchrist, Mrs. William

Albert
Giles, Carl C.
Giles, Mrs. Guy H.
Gillette, Mrs. Ellen D.
Gilmore, Dr. John H.
Gimbel, J. W., Jr.
Ginther, Miss Minnie C.

Giryotas, Dr. Emelia J.
Glaescher, Mrs. G. W.
Glasner, Rudolph W.
Glasser, Joshua B.
Godehn, Paul M.
Goes, Mrs. Arthur A.
Goldberg, Philip S.
Golden, Dr. Isaac J. K.
Golding, Robert N.
Goldman, Mrs. Louis
Goldstein, Dr. Helen L,

Button
Goldstein, Nathan S.
Goldstine, Dr. Mark T.
Goldy, Walter I.
Goltra, Mrs. William B.
Goode, Mrs. Rowland T.
Gooden, G. E.
Goodman, Benedict K.
Goodman, Mrs. Milton F.
Goodman, W. J.
Goodman, William E.
Goodwin, Clarence

Norton
Goodwin, George S.
Gordon, Colin S.
Gordon, Harold J.
Gordon, Dr. Richard J.
Gordon, Mrs. Robert D.
Gorrell, Mrs. Warren
Gottlieb, Frederick M.
Gould, Jay
Gould, Mrs. June K.
Grade, Joseph Y.
Graff, Oscar C.
Graham, Douglas
Graham, E. V,
Graham, Miss

Margaret H.
Gramm, Mrs. Helen
Granger, Mrs. Lillian M.
Grant, James D.
Grant, John G.
Graves, Austin T.
Graves, Howard B.
Grawoig, Allen
Gray, Dr. Earle
Gray, Edward
Green, Michael
Green, Robert D.
Greenacre, Miss Cordelia

Ann
Greenburg, Dr. Ira E.
Greene, Henry E.
Greenlee, Mrs. William

Brooks
Greenman, Mrs. Earl C.
Gregory, Stephen S., Jr.
Gregory, Tappan
Gressens, Otto
Grey, Dr. Dorothy
Griest, Mrs. Marianna L.

109

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Griff enhagen, Mrs.

Edwin O.
Griffith, Mrs. Carroll L.
Griffith, Mrs. William
Griswold, Harold T.
Grizzard, James A.
Groak, Irwin D.
Gronkowski, Rev. C. I.
Groot, Cornelius J.
Groot, Lawrence A.
Gross, Henry R.
Grossman, Frank I.
Grothenhuis, Mrs.

William J.
Grotowski, Mrs. Leon
Gruhn, Alvah V.
Grunow, Mrs. William C.
Guenzel, Louis
Guest, Ward E.
Gurley, Miss Helen K.
Gurman, Samuel P.
Gustafson, Gilbert E.
Guthman, Edwin I.
Gwinn, William R.

Hadley, Mrs. Edwin M.
Haflfner, Mrs.

Charles C, Jr.
Hagen, Mrs. Daise
Haight, George I.
Hair, T. R.
Hajicek, Rudolph F.
Haldeman, Walter S.
Hale, Mrs. Samuel
Hales, William M.
Hall, Edward B.
Hall, Mrs. J. B.
Halligan, W. J.
Hallmann, Herman F.
Halperin, Aaron
Halverstadt, Romaine M.
Hamm, Fred B.
Hammaker, Paul M.
Hammerschmidt, Mrs.

George F.
Hand, George W.
Hanley, Henry L.
Hann, J. Roberts
Hansen, Mrs. Carl
Hansen, Mrs. Fred A.
Hansen, Jacob W.
Hanson, Mrs. Norman R.
Harder, John H.
Harders, Mrs. Flora

Rassweiler
Hardin, John H.
Harding, John Cowden
Harms, VanDeursen
Harper, Alfred C.
Harrington, David L.
Harris, Mrs. Abraham
Harris, David J.

Harris, Gordon L.
Harris, Stanley G.
Hart, Mrs. Herbert L.
Hart, Max A.
Hart, William M.
Hartmann, A. O.
Hartshorn, Kenneth L.
Hartwig, Otto J.
Hartz, W. Homer
Harvey, Byron, III
Harvey, Richard M.
Harwood, Thomas W.
Haskell, Mrs. George E.
Hass, G. C.
Hay, Mrs. William

Sherman
Hayakawa, Dr. S. I.
Hayes, Charles M.
Hayes, Harold C.
Hayes, Miss Mary E.
Haynie, Miss Rachel W.
Hays, Mrs. Arthur A.
Hayslett, Arthur J.
Hazlett, Dr. WilHam H.
Hazlett, Mrs. William H.
Healy, Vincent Jerrems
Heaney, Dr. N. Sproat
Hearst, Mrs. Jack W.
Heaton, Harry E.
Heaton, Herman C.
Heck, John
Hedberg, Henry E.
HefTernan, Miss Lili
Hefner, Adam
Heide, Mrs. Bernard H.
Heiman, Marcus
Heinzelman, Karl
Heinzen, Mrs. Carl
Heisler, Francis
Hejna, Joseph F.
Heldmaier, Miss Marie
Helfrich, J. Howard
Heller, Albert
Heller, John A.
Heller, Mrs. Walter E.
Hellman, George A.
Hellyer, Walter
Hemple, Miss Anne C.
Henderson, Kenneth M.
Henkel, Frederick W.
Henley, Dr. Eugene H.
Hennings, Mrs.

Abraham J.
Henry, Huntington B.
Henschel, Edmund C.
Herbst, LeRoy B.
Herrick, Charles E.
Herron, James C.
Herron, Mrs. Oliver L.
Hershey, J. Clarence
Hertz, Mrs. Fred
Hertzberg, Lawrence

Herwig, George
Herwig, William D., Jr.
Herz, Mrs. Alfred
Hesse, E. E.
Heverly, Earl L.
Hibbard, Mrs. Angus S.
Hibbard, Mrs. W. G.
Hieber, Master J. Patrick
Higley, Mrs. Charles W.
Hildebrand, Dr.

Eugene, Jr.
Hildebrand, Grant M.
Hill, Mrs. Russell D.
Hill, William E.
Hille, Dr. Hermann
Hillebrecht, Herbert E.
Hills, Edward R.
Hind, Mrs. John Dwight
Hinman, Mrs. Estelle S.
Hinrichs, Henry, Jr.
Hintz, Mrs. Aurelia

Bertol
Hirsch, Jacob H.
Histed, J. Roland
Hixon, Mrs. Frank P.
Hodgkinson, Mrs. W. R.
Hodgson, Mrs. G. C.
Hoefman, Harold L.
Hoffmann, Edward

Hempstead
Hogan, Robert E.
Hokin, Mrs. Barney E.
Holabird, W. S., Jr.
Holden, Edward A.
Hollander, Mrs. Samuel
Holleb, A. Paul
Hollenbach, Louis
Holliday, W. J.
Hollis, Henry L.
Holmburger, Max
Holmes, George J.
Holmes, Miss Harriet F.
Holmes, J. A.
Holmes, Mrs. Maud G.
Holmes, William
Holmes, WilHam N.
Holt, Miss Ellen
Holt, McPherson
Holub, Anthony S.
Holzheimer, Carl
Homan, Miss Blossom L.
Honsik, Mrs. James M.
Hoover, Mrs. Fred W.
Hoover, H. Earl
Hoover, Ray P.
Hope, Alfred S.
Hopkins, Albert L.
Hopkins, Mrs. James M.
Hopkins, Mrs.

James M., Jr.
Horcher, William W.

110

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Home, Mrs. William

Dodge, Jr.
Horner, Mrs.

Maurice L., Jr.
Hornung, Joseph J.
Horton, Mrs. Helen
Horton, Horace B.
Horween, Arnold
Horween, Isidore
Hosbein, Louis H.
Hottinger, Adolph
Hovland, Mrs. John P.
Howard, Willis G.
Howe, Charles Albee
Howe, Clinton W.
Howe, Mrs. Pierce

Layman
Howe, Ralph B.
Howe, Roger F.
Howes, Mrs. Frank W.
Howie, Mrs. James E.
Howse, Richard G.
Howson, Louis R.
Hoyne, Miss Susan D.
Hoyt, Mrs. Phelps B.
Hraback, L. W.
Hrdlicka, Mrs. John D.
Hubbard, George W.
Huber, Dr. Harry Lee
Hudson, Miss

Katherine J.
Hudson, Walter L.
Huey, Mrs. A. S.
Hufty, Mrs. F. P.
Huggins, Dr. Ben H.
Hughes, John E.
Hume, James P.
Humphrey, H. K.
Huncke, Herbert S.
Huncke, Oswald W.
Hunding, B. N.
Hurd, Ferris E.
Hurvitz, H. R.
Huska, Mrs. Joseph
Hust, George
Huszagh, Ralph D.
Hutchinson, Foye P.
Hutchinson, Samuel S.
Hyatt, R. C.

Ickes, Raymond W.
Idelman, Bernard
Igo, Michael L.
Ilg, Robert A.
Illich, George M., Jr.
Ingalls, Allin K.
Inlander, N. Newton
Inlander, Samuel
Irons, Dr. Ernest E.
Isaacs, Charles W., Jr.
Isham, Henry P.
Ives, Clifford E.

Jackson, Allan
Jackson, Archer L.
Jackson, Mrs. Arthur S.
Jackson, Miss Laura E.
Jackson, Mrs. W. A.
Jacobi, Miss Emily C.
Jacobs, Julius
Jacobs, Mrs. Walter H.
Jacobs, Whipple
Jacobson, Raphael
James, Walter C.
Jameson, Clarence W.
Jancosek, Thomas A.
Janson, Dr. C. Helge M.
Janusch, Fred W.
Jarchow, Mrs. C. E.
Jarchow, Charles C.
Jarrow, Harry W.
Jeffreys, Mrs. Mary M.
JeflFries, Dr. Daniel W.
Jenkins, David F. D.
Jenkinson, Mrs. Arthur

Gilbert
Jennings, Ode D.
Jerger, Wilbur Joseph
Jetzinger, David
Jirgal, John
Jirka, Dr. Frank J.
John, Dr. Findley D.
Johnson, Dr. Adelaide
Johnson, Alvin O.
Johnson, Calmer L.
Johnson, Mrs. Harley

Alden
Johnson, Joseph M.
Johnson, Nels E.
Johnson, Mrs. O. W.
Johnson, Olaf B.
Johnson, Philip C.
Johnston, Edward R.
Johnston, Miss Fannie S.
Johnston, Mrs. Hubert

McBean
Johnston, Mrs. M. L.
Jolly, Miss Eva Josephine
Jonak, Frank J.
Jones, Albert G.
Jones, Mrs. C. A.
Jones, James B.
Jones, Dr. Margaret M.
Jones, Melvin
Jones, Miss Susan E.
Joseph, Mrs. Jacob G.
Joseph, Louis L,
Joy, Guy A.
Judson, Clay
Juergens, H. Paul
Julien, Victor R.

Kahn, Mrs. Arthur S.
Kahn, J. Kesner
Kahn, Jerome J.

Kahn, Louis
Kaine, James B.
Kamins, Dr. Maclyn M.
Kane, Jerome M.
Kanter, Jerome J.
Kaplan, Morris I.
Kaplan, Nathan D.
Kasch, Frederick M.
Katz, Mrs. Sidney L.
Katz, Solomon
Katzenstein, Mrs.

George P.
Katzin, Frank
Kauflfman, Mrs. R. K.
Kauflmann, Alfred
Kaufman, Justin
Kaufmann, Dr.

Gustav L.
Kavanagh, Clarence H.
Kay, Mrs. Marie E.
Keefe, Mrs. George I.
Kehl, Robert Joseph
Kehoe, Mrs. High Boles
Keith, Stanley
Keith, Mrs. Stanley
Kelker, Rudolph F., Jr.
Kelly, Mrs. Haven Core
Kelly, Miss Katherine

Marjorie
Kelly, William J.
Kemper, Hathaway G.
Kemper, Miss Hilda M,
Kempner, Harry B.
Kempner, Stan
Kendall, Mrs. Virginia H.
Kendrick, John F.
Kennedy, Mrs. E. J.
Kennedy, Lesley
Kennelly, Martin H.
Kenney, Clarence B.
Kent, Dr. 0. B.
Keogh, Gordon E.
Kern, Mrs. August
Kern, H. A.
Kern, Dr. Nicholas H.
Kern, Trude
Kerwin, Edward M.
Kesner, Jacob L.
Kestnbaum, Meyer
Kettering, Mrs.

Eugene W.
Kew, Mrs. Stephen M.
Kiessling, Mrs. Charles S.
Kile, Miss Jessie J.
Kimball, David W.
Kimball, William W.
Kimbark, John R.
King, Clinton B.
King, Joseph H.
Kingman, Mrs. Arthur G.
Kinsey, Robert S.

Ill

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Kirkland, Mrs.

Weymouth
Kitchell, Howell W.
Kitzelman, Otto
Kleinpell, Dr. Henry H.
Kleist, Mrs. Harry
Kleppinger, William H.
Kleutgen, Dr. Arthur C.
Klinetop, Mrs. Charles W.
Knickerbocker, Miss

Paula
Knopf, Andrew J.
Knutson, George H.
Koch, Mrs. Fred J.
Koch, Raymond J.
Koch, Robert J.
Kochs, August
Kochs, Mrs. Robert T.
Koehnlein, Wilson 0.
Kohler, Eric L.
Konsberg, Alvin V.
Kopf, Miss Isabel
Koppenaal, Dr.

Elizabeth Thompson
Kornblith, Mrs.

Howard G.
Kosobud, William F.
Kotal, John A.
Kotin, George N.
Koucky, Dr. J. D.
Kovac, Stefan
Krafft, Mrs. Walter A.
Kraft, C. H.
Kraft, James L.
Kraft, John H.
Kraft, Norman
Kralovec, Emil G.
Kralovec, Mrs. Otto J.
Kramer, Leroy
Kraus, Peter J.
Kraus, Samuel B.
Krautter, L. Martin
Kresl, Carl
Kretschmer,

Herman L., Jr.
Krez, Leonard 0.
Kropff, C. G.
Krost, Dr. Gerard N.
Kuehn, A. L.
Kuh, Mrs. Edwin J., Jr.
Kuhn, Frederick T.
Kuhn, Dr. Hedwig S.
Kunka, Bernard J.
Kunstadter, Albert
Kunstadter, Sigmund W.
Kurfess, John Fredric
Kurtz, W. O.
Kurtzon, Morris

Lacey, Miss Edith M.
Laflin, Louis E., Jr.
Lafiin, Louis E., Ill

Lambert, C. A.
Lampert, Wilson W.
Lanahan, Mrs. M. J.
Lane, F. Howard
Lane, Ray E.
Lang, Edward J.
Langenbach,Mrs.AliceR.
Langford, Mrs.

Robert E.
Langhorne, George

Tayloe
Langworthy, Benjamin

Franklin
Lanman, E. B.
Lansinger, Mrs. John M.
Larimer, Howard S.
Larsen, Samuel A.
Larson, Mrs. Sarah G.
Lasker, Albert D.
Lassers, Sanford B.
Latshaw, Dr. Blair S.
Lauren, Newton B.
Lautmann, Herbert M.
Lavers, A. W.
Lavezzorio, Mrs. J. B.
Lavidge, Arthur W.
Law, Mrs. Robert O.
Lawless, Dr. Theodore K.
Lawson, David A.
Lax, John Franklin
Layden, Michael J.
Lazar, Maurice
Lazear, George C.
Leahy, James F.
Leahy, Thomas F.
Lea veil, James R.
LeBaron, Miss Edna
Lebold, Foreman N.
Lebold, Samuel N.
Lebolt, John Michael
Lederer, Dr. Francis L.
Lee, David Arthur
Lee, Mrs. John H. S.
Lefens, Miss Katherine J.
Lefens, Walter C.
Leichenko, Peter M.
Leight, Mrs. Albert E.
Leland, Miss Alice J.
Leland, Mrs. Roscoe G.
LeMoon, A. R.
Lennon, George W.
Lenz, J. Mayo
Leonard, Arthur T.
Lerch, William H.
Leslie, Dr. Eleanor I.
Leslie, John Woodworth
LeTourneau, Mrs.

Robert
Leverone, Louis E.
Levinson, Mrs. Salmon O.
Levitan, Benjamin
Levitetz, Nathan

Levy, Alexander M.
Levy, Arthur G.
Lewis, Mrs. Ellis R.
Lewy, Dr. Alfred
L'Hommedieu, Arthur
Liebman, A. J.
Lillyblade, Clarence O.
Lindahl, Mrs. Edward J.
Linden, John A.
Lindheimer, B. F.
Lingle, Bowman C.
Lipman, Robert R.
Liss, Samuel
Little, Mrs. E. H.
Littler, Harry E., Jr.
Livingston, Julian M.
Livingston, Mrs.

Milton L.
Llewellyn, Paul
Lloyd, Glen A.
Lochman, Philip
Loeb, Hamilton M.
Loewenberg, Israel S.
Loewenberg, M. L.
Loewenherz, Emanuel
Loewenstein, Richard M.
Loewenthal, Richard J.
Logan, L. B.
Long, William E.
Loomis, Reamer G.
Lord, Arthur R.
Lord, John S.
Lord, Mrs. Russell
Loucks, Charles O.
Louer, Albert E. M.
Louis, Mrs. John J.
Love, Chase W.
Lovgren, Carl
Lucey, Patrick J.
Ludolph, Wilbur M.
Lueder, Arthur C.
Lunding, Franklin J.
Luria, Herbert A.
Lusk, R. R.
Lustgarten, Samuel
Lyford, Harry B.
Lynch, J. W.
Lyon, Charles H.

Mabee, Mrs. Melbourne
MacDonald, E. K.
Maclntyre, Mrs. M. K.
MacKenzie, William J.
Mackey, Frank J.
Mackinson, Dr. John C.
MacLellan, K. F.
MacMullen, Dr. Delia M.
MacMurray, Mrs.

Donald
Madlener, Mrs.

Albert F., Jr.
Madlener, Otto

112

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Maehler, Edgar E,
Magan, Miss Jane A.
Magerstadt, Madeline
Magill, John R.
Magnus, Albert, Jr.
Magnuson, Mrs. Paul
Maher, Mrs. D. W.
Main, Walter D.
Majors, Mrs. B. S.
Maling, Albert
Malone, William H.
Manaster, Harry
Mandel, Mrs. Aaron W.
Mandel, Edwin F.
Mandel, Miss Florence
Mandel, Mrs. Robert
Manegold, Mrs. Frank W.
Manierre, Francis E.
Manierre, Louis
Manley, John A.
Maremont, Arnold H.
Mark, Mrs. Cyrus
Mark, Griffith
Marquart, Arthur A.
Marsh, A. Fletcher
Marsh, John

McWilliams, II
Marsh, Mrs. John P.
Marsh, Mrs. Marshall S.
Marston, Mrs. Thomas B.
Martin, Mrs. George B.
Martin, George F.
Martin, Samuel H.
Martin, W. B.
Martin, Wells
Martin, Mrs. WilHam P.
Marx, Adolf
Marx, Frederick Z.
Marzluff , Frank W.
Marzola, Leo A.
Mason, Willard J.
Massee, B. A.
Massey, Peter J.
Masterson, Peter
Mathesius, Mrs. Walther
Matson, J. Edward
Matter, Mrs. John
Maurer, Dr. Siegfried
Maxant, Basil
Maxwell, Lloyd R.
Mayer, Frank D.
Mayer, Mrs. Herbert G.
Mayer, Herman J., Jr.
Mayer, Isaac H.
Mayer, Leo
Mayer, Oscar F.
Mayer, Oscar G.
Mayer, Theodore S.
Mazurek, Miss Olive
McAloon, Owen J.
McArthur, Billings M.
McBirney, Mrs. Hugh J.

McCahey, James B.
McCarthy, Edmond J.
McCarthy, Joseph W.
McCausland, Mrs.

Clara L.
McClun, John M.
McCord, Downer
McCormack, Prof. Harry
McCormick, Mrs.

Chauncey
McCormick, Fowler
McCormick, Howard H.
McCormick, Leander J.
McCormick,

Robert H., Jr.
McCrea, Mrs. W. S.
McCready, Mrs. E. W.
McCreight, Louis Ralph
McCutcheon, Mrs.

John T.
McDonald, E. F., Jr.
McDonald, Lewis
McDougal, Mrs. James B.
McDougal, Mrs. Robert
McErlean, Charles V.
McGraw, Max
McGuinn, Edward B.
McGurn, Matthew S.
Mcintosh, Arthur T.
Mcintosh, Mrs.

Walter G.
McKenna, Dr. Charles H.
McKinney, Mrs. Hayes
McLennan, Donald R., Jr.
McLennan, Mrs. Donald

R., Sr.
McMenemy, Logan T.
McMillan, James G.
McMillan, John
McMillan, W. B.
McNamara, Louis G.
McNamee, Peter F.
McNulty, Joseph D.
McQuarrie, Mrs. Fannie
McVoy, John M.
Mead, Dr. Henry C. A.
Medsker, Dr. Ora L.
Melcher, George Clinch
Melnick, Leopold B.
Merrell, John H.
Merriam, Miss Eleanor
Merrill, William W.
Metz, Dr. Arthur R.
Meyer, Mrs. A. H.
Meyer, Abraham W.
Meyer, Dr. Charles A.
Meyer, Charles Z.
Meyerhoff, A. E.
Meyers, Erwin A.
Meyers, Jonas
Michaels, Everett B.
Michel, Dr. William J.

Midowicz, C. E.
Mielenz,. Robert K.
Milburn, Miss Anne L.
Milhening, Frank
Miller, Miss Bertie E.
Miller, Mrs. Clayton W.
Miller, Mrs. Donald J.
Miller, Mrs. F. H.
Miller, Hyman
Miller, John S.
Miller, Mrs. Olive

Beaupre
Miller, Oscar C.
Miller, Mrs. Phillip
Miller, R. T.
Mills, Allen G.
Mills, Lloyd Langdon
Miner, Dr. Carl S.
Minturn, Benjamin E,
Mitchell, George F.
Mitchell, John J.
Mitchell, Leeds
Mitchell, Oliver
Mix, Dr. B. J.
Mock, Dr. Harry Edgar
Moderwell, Charles M.
Moeling, Mrs. Walter G.
Moeller, George
Moist, Mrs. Samuel E.
Mojonnier, Timothy
Mollan, Mrs. Feme T.
MoUoy, David J.
Mong, Mrs. C. R.
Monheimer, Henry I.
Monroe, William S.
Moore, Paul,
Moore, Philip Wyatt
Moran, Miss Margaret
Morey, Dr. Charles W.
Morf, F. William
Morrison, Mrs. C. R.
Morrison, Mrs. Harry
Morrison, James C.
Morrow, Mrs. John, Jr.
Morse, Mrs. Charles J.
Morse, Leland R.
Morse, Mrs. Milton M.
Morse, Robert H.
Morton, Sterling
Morton, William Morris
Moses, Howard A.
Moss, Jerome A.
Mouat, Andrew J.
Moxon, Dr. George W.
Moyer, E. J. T.
Moyer, Mrs. Paul S.
Mudge, Mrs. John B.
Muehlstein, Mrs. Charles
Mueller, Austin M.
Mueller, Miss Hedwig H.
Mueller, J. Herbert
Mueller, Paul H.

113

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Mulford, Miss Melinda

Jane
Mulhern, Edward F.
Mulholand, William H.
Munroe, Moray
Murphy, Joseph D.
Murphy, O. R.
Murphy, Robert E.
Muszynski, John J.
Myrland, Arthur L.

Naber, Henry G.
Nadler, Dr. Walter H.
Naess, Sigurd E.
Nagel, Mrs. Frank E.
Nance, Willis D.
Naumann, Miss Susan
Nebel, Herman C.
Neely, Mrs. Lloyd F.
Nehls, Arthur L.
Nellegar, Mrs. Jay C.
Nelson, Arthur W.
Nelson, Charles G.
Nelson, Donald M.
Nelson, Victor W.
Neuman, Sidney
Neumann, Arthur E.
Newberger, Joseph

Michael
Newhall, R. Frank
Newhouse, Karl H.
Newman, Mrs. Albert A.
Newman, Charles H.
Nichols, J. C.
Nichols, S. F.
Nilsson, Mrs.

Goodwin M.
Nishkian, Mrs.

Vaughn G.
Nitze, Mrs. William A.
Noble, Samuel R.
NoUau, Miss Emma
Noonan, Edward J.
Norman, Harold W.
Norris, Mrs. Lester
Norton, Christopher D.
Norton, R. H.
Novak, Charles J.
Noyes, A. H.
Noyes, Allan S.
Noyes, Mrs. May Wells
Nufer, Gene
Nusbaum, Mrs.

Hermien D.
Nyman, Dr. John Egbert

Gates, James F.
Oberf elder, Herbert M.
Oberfelder, Walter S.
Obermaier, John A.
O'Brien, Miss Janet

O'Connell, Edmund

Daniel
Odell, William R., Jr.
Offield, James R.
Oglesbee, Nathan H.
O'Keefe, Mrs. Dennis D.
O'Keeffe, William F.
Olaison, Miss Eleanor O.
Oldberg, Dr. Eric
Oldefest, Edward G.
Oleson, Wrisley B.
Oliver, Mrs. Paul
Olsen, Miss Agnes J.
Olsen, Mrs. Arthur O.
Olson, Gustaf
Olson, Rudolph J.
O'Neil, Dr. Owen
Onofrio, Mrs. Michael J.
Ooms, Casper William
Opeka, Frank M.
Oppenheimer, Mrs.

Harry D.
Omdoff, Dr. Benjamin H.
O'Rourke, Albert
Orr, Mrs. Robert C.
Orr, Thomas C.
Orthal, A. J.
Ortmayer, Dr. Marie
Osbom, Theodore L.
Ostrom, Mrs. J. Augustus
Otis, J. Sanford
Otis, Joseph E.
Otis, Joseph Edward, Jr.
Otis, Stuart Himtington
Owings, Mrs.

Nathaniel A.

Paasche, Jens A.
Packard, Dr. Rollo K.
Paepcke, Walter P.
Page, John W.
Palmer, James L.
Palmgren, Mrs.

Charles A.
Pandaleon, Costa A.
Pardee, Harvey S.
Pardridge, Mrs. E. W.
Park, R. E.
Paker, Dr. Gaston C.
Paker, Norman S.
Parker, Troy L.
Parks, C. R.
Parmelee, Dr. A. H.
Parry, Mrs. Norman G.
Partridge, Lloyd C.
Paschen, Mrs. Henry
Pashkow, A. D.
Patterson, Grier D.
Patterson, Mrs. L. B.
Patterson, Mrs. Wallace
Patzelt, Miss Janet
Peabody, Howard B.

Peabody, Miss Susan W.
Pearl, Allen S.
Pearse, Langdon
Pearson, F. W.
Pearson, George

Albert, Jr.
Peck, Dr. David B.
Peirce, Albert E.
PenDell, Charles W.
Percy, Dr. Mortimer

Nelson
Perel, Harry Z.
Perkins, A. T.
Perkins, Mrs. Herbert F.
Perry, Mrs. I. Newton
Peter, William F.
Peters, Harry A.
Petersen, Elmer M.
Petersen, Jurgen
Peterson, Arthur J.
Peterson, Axel A.
Peterson, Mrs. Bertha I.
Peterson, Mrs.

Richard E.
Pfaelzer, Miss

Elizabeth W.
Pflaum, A. J.
Pflock, Dr. John J.
Phelps, Mrs. W. L.
Phillips, Dr. Herbert

Morrow
Phillips, Mervyn C.
Pick, Albert, Jr.
Pick, Frederic G.
Pierce, J. Norman
Pierce, Paul, Jr.
Pierson, Mrs. James

Rhodes
Pierson, Joseph B.
Pink, Mrs. Ira M.
Pine, Mrs. John T.
Pitzner, Alwin Frederick
Plapp, Miss Doris A.
Piatt, Edward Vilas
Piatt, Mrs. Robert S.
Plummer, Comer
Plunkett, William H.
Pobloske, Albert C.
Podell, Mrs. Beatrice

Hayes
Polk, Mrs. Stella F.
Pollak, Charies A.
Poole, Mrs. Marie R.
Poor, Fred A.
Pope, Herbert
Poppenhagen, Henry J.
Porter, Charles H.
Porter, Edward C.
Porter, Mrs. FVank S.
Porter, Henry H.
Porter, Louis
Porter, Mrs. Sidney S.

114

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Portis, Dr. Sidney A.
Post, Mrs. Philip Sidney
Pottenger, William A.
Poulson, Mrs. Clara L.
Powills, Michael A.
Pratt, Mrs. William E.
Prentice, John K.
Price, John McC.
Primley, Walter S.
Prince, Mrs. Arthur C.
Prince, Harry
Prince, Rev. Herbert W
Prince, Leonard M.
Pritchard, Richard E.
Probst, Marvin G.
Proxmire, Dr.

Theodore Stanley
Prussing, Mrs. R. E.
Pucci, Lawrence
Puckey, F. W.
Purcell, Joseph D.
Purcey, Victor W.
Putnam, Miss Mabel C.
Puttkammer, E. W.
Pyterek, Rev. Peter H.

Quick, Miss Hattiemae

Raber, Franklin
RachefF, Ivan
Radford, Mrs. W. A., Jr.
Radniecki, Rev. Stanley
Raflf, Mrs. Arthur
Raftree, Miss Julia M.
Railton, Miss Frances
Ramis, Leon Lipman
Randall, Rev. Edwin J.
Randall, Irving
Raney, Mrs. R. J.
Rankin, Miss Jessie H.
Rassweiler, August
Rathje, Frank C.
Raymond, Mrs.

Howard D.
Razim, A. J.
Reach, Benjamin F.
Reals, Miss Lucile

Farnsworth, Jr.
Redfield, William M.
Redington, F. B.
Redmond, Forrest H.
Reed, Mrs. Frank D.
Reed, Mrs. Lila H.
Reed, Norris H.
Reed, Mrs. Philip L.
Regan, Mrs. Robert G.
Rengenstein, Joseph
Regensteiner, Theodore
Regnery, Frederick L.
Regnery, William H.
Reid, Mrs. Bryan
Reilly, Vincent P.

Reingold, J. J.
Remy, Mrs. William
Renaldi, George J.
Renshaw, Mrs. Charles
ReQua, Mrs. Charles

Howard, Jr.
ReQua, Haven A.
Rew, Mrs. Irwin
Reynolds, Mrs,

G. William
Reynolds, Harold F.
Rhodes, Charles M.
Rice, Mrs. Charles R.
Rice, Laurence A.
Rich, Elmer
Rich, Harry
Richards, Mrs. Bartlett
Richards, Donald
Richards, Marcus D.
Richardson, George A.
Richardson, Guy A.
Richter, Mrs. Adelyn W.
Ridgeway, Ernest
Rieser, Leonard M.
Rietz, Elmer W.
Rietz, Walter H.
Ripstra, J. Henri
Ritchie, Mrs. John
Rittenhouse, Charles J.
Roberts, Mrs. John
Roberts, John M.
Roberts, Shepherd M.
Roberts, William

Munsell
Robertson, Hugh
Robinson, Sanger P.
Robinson,

Theodore W., Jr.
Robson, Miss Sarah C.
Roderick, Solomon P.
Rodgers, Dr. David C.
Rodman, Thomas

Cliiford
Rodman, Mrs. Hugh
Roehling, Mrs. Otto G.
Roehm, George R.
Rogers, Miss Annie T.
Rogerson, Everett E.
Roggenkamp, John
Rogovsky, W. P.
Roller, Fred S.
Rolnick, Dr. Harry C.
Romer, Miss Dagmar E.
Root, John W.
Rosborough, Dr. Paul A.
Rosen, M. R.
Rosenbaum, Mrs.

Edwin S.
Rosenbaum, Mrs.

Harold A.
Rosenfeld, M. J.

Rosenfield, Mrs.

Morris S.
Rosenstone, Nathan
Rosenstone, Samuel
Rosenthal, Kurt
Rosenthal, Samuel R.
Rosenwald, Richard M.
Ross, Joseph F.
Ross, Robert C.
Ross, Mrs. Robert E.
Ross, Thompson
Ross, Walter S.
Roth, Aaron
Roth, Mrs. Margit

Hochsinger
Rothacker, Watterson R.
Rothschild, George

William
Routh, George E., Jr.
Rozelle, Mrs. Emma
Rubens, Mrs. Charles
Rubloff, Arthur
Rubovits, Theodore
Ruettinger, John W.
Runnells, Mrs. Clive
Rupprecht, Mrs.

Edgar P.
Rushton, Joseph A.
Russell, Dr. Joseph W,
Rutledge, George E.
Ryan, Mrs. William A.
Ryerson, Mrs.

Donald M.

Sackley, Mrs. James A.
Sage, W. Otis
Salmon, Mrs. E. D.
Sammons, Wheeler
Sample, John Glen
Sampsell, Marshall G.
Sandidge, Miss Daisy
Sands, Mrs. Frances B.
Santini, Mrs. Randolph
Sargent, Chester F.
Sargent, John R. W.
Sargent, Ralph
Sauter, Fred J.
Sawyer, Ainslie Y.
Sawyer, Dr. Alvah L.
Schacht, John H.
Schafer, Mrs. Elmer J.
Schafer, 0. J.
Schaflfner, Mrs. Joseph
Schaffner, Mrs. L. L.
Scharin, Mrs. J. Hippach
Scheinman, Jesse D.
Schenck, Frederick
Schlichting, Justus L.
Schmidt, Dr. Charles L.
Schmidt, Mrs. Minna M.
Schmitz, Dr. Henry
Schneider, D. G.

115

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Schneider, F. P.
Schnering, Otto Y.
Schnur, Ruth A.
Scholl, Dr. WilHam M.
Schreiner, Sigurd
Schroeder, Dr. George H.
Schroeder, Dr. Mary G.
Schueren, Arnold C.
Schukraft, William
Schulze, Mrs. Mathilde
Schupp, Philip C.
Schurig, Robert Roy
Schutz, Thomas A.
Schuyler, Mrs.
Daniel J., Jr.
Schwab, Laurence E.
Schwander, J. J.
Schwanke, Arthur
Schwartz, Charles K.
Schwartz, Charles P.
Schwartz, Dr. Otto
Schwarz, Herbert E.
Schwinn, Frank W.
Sclanders, Mrs. Alexander
Scott, Miss Maud E.
Scott, Robert L.
Scribner, Gilbert
Scudder, Mrs. Barrett
Sears, Miss Dorothy
Sears, J. Alden
Seaton, G. Leland
Seaverns, Louis C.
Sedgwick, C. Galen
See, Dr. Agnes Chester
Seeberger, Miss Dora A.
Seeburg, Justus P.
Segal, Victor
Seifert, Mrs. Walter J.
Seip, Emil G.
Seipp, Clarence T.
Seipp, Edwin A., Jr.
Seipp, William C.
Sello, George W.
Sencenbaugh, Mrs. C. W.
Senne, John A.
Shaffer, Carroll
Shakman, James G.
Shanahan, Mrs. David E.
Shanesy, Ralph D.
Shannon, Angus Roy
Shapiro, Meyer
Sharpe, N. M.
Shaw, Alfred P.
Shaw, Mrs. Arch W.
Sheldon, James M.
Shelton, Dr. W. Eugene
Shepherd, Mrs. Edith P.
Shepherd, Miss Olive M.
Sherman, Mrs. W. W.
Shields, James Culver
Shillestad, John N.
Shillinglaw, David L.

Shire, Moses E.
Shoan, Nels
Shorey, Clyde E.
Short, J. R.
Shroyer, Malcolm E.
Shumway, Mrs. Edward

DeWitt
Sidley, William P.
Siebel, Mrs. Ewald H.
Sieck, Herbert
Siegel, David T.
Siemund, Roy W.
Sigman, Leon
Silander, A. I.
Silberman, Charles
Silberman, David B.
Silberman, Hubert S.
Sills, Clarence W.
Silverstein, Ramond
Silverthorne, George M.
Silvertongue, Mrs. Ray
Simond, Robert E.
Simonds, Dr. James P.
Simpson, John M.
Sincere, Henry B.
Sinclair, Dr. J. Frank
Singer, Mrs. Mortimer H.
Sinsheimer, Allen
Siragusa, Ross D.
Sisskind, Louis
Skarrn, Kenneth W.
Skleba, Dr. Leonard F.
Sleeper, Mrs. Olive C.
Smith, Charles Herbert
Smith, Clinton F.
Smith, Mrs. E. A.
Smith, Miss Ellen

Dunlap
Smith, Harold Byron
Smith, Mrs. Hermon

Dunlap
Smith, Jens
Smith, Mrs.

Katharine Walker
Smith, Mrs. Kinney
Smith, Miss Marion D.
Smith, Paul C.
Smith, Samuel K.
Smith, Mrs. Theodore

White
Smith, W. Lynwood
Smith, Z. Erol
Smuk, Dr. J. E.
Smullan, Alexander
Snyder, Harry
Socrates, Nicholas A.
Sola, Joseph G.
Solem, Dr. George O.
Sonnenschein, Hugo
Soper, Henry M.
Soper, James P., Jr.
Sopkin, Mrs. Setia H.

Soravia, Joseph
Speer, Robert J.
Spencer, Mrs. Egbert H.
Spencer, John P.
Spencer, Mrs. William M.
Sperry, Mrs. Leonard M.
Spertus, Herman
Spiegel, Mrs. Arthur H.
Spiegel, Mrs. Gatzert
Spitz, Joel
Spitz, Leo

Spooner, Charles W.
Sprague, Dr. John P.
Spray, Cranston
Squires, John G.
Staack, Otto C.
Stacey, Mrs. Thomas I.
Stanton, Henry T.
Starbird, Miss Myrtle I.
Starrels, Joel
Stearns, Mrs. Richard I.
Stebbins, Fred J.
Steele, Henry B., Jr.
Steele, W. D.
Steepleton, A. Forrest
Steffey, David R.
Stein, Mrs. Henry L.
Stein, Dr. Irving
Stein, L. Montefiore
Stein, Sydney, Jr.
Steinberg, Dr. Milton
Stenson, Frank R.
Stephan, Mrs. John
Stephani, Edward J.
Stephens, L. L.
Sterba, Dr. Joseph V.
Stern, Mrs. Alfred
Stern, Alfred Whital
Stern, David B.
Stern, Gardner H.
Stern, Oscar D.
Stevens, Delmar A.
Stevens, Elmer T.
Stevens, Harold L.
Stevenson, Engval
Stewart, Miss

Mercedes Graeme
Stirling, Miss Dorothy
Stockton, Eugene M.
Stone, Mrs. Jacob S.
Stone, Mrs. Theodore
Straus, Henry H.
Straus, Martin L.
Straus, Melvin L.
Strauss, Dr. Alfred A.
Strauss, Ivan
Strauss, John L.
Straw, Mrs. H. Foster
Street, Mrs. Charles A.
Strickfaden, Miss

Alma E.

116

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Stromberg, Charles J.
Strong, Edmund H.
Strong, M. D.
Strong, Mrs. Walter A.
Strotz, Harold C.
Stulik, Dr. Charles
Sulzberger, Frank L.
Summer, Mrs. Edward
Sundin, Ernest G.
Sutherland, William
Sutton, Harold I.
Swanson, Holgar G.
Swanson, Joseph E.
Swartchild, Edward G.
Swartchild, William G.
Swenson, S. P. O.
Swett, Robert Wheeler
Swift, Mrs. Alden B.
Swift, Edward F., Jr.
Sykes, Aubrey L.
Sykes, Mrs. Wilfred

Tarrant, Mrs. Robert
Taylor, E. Hall
Taylor, Frank F.
Taylor, Herbert J.
Taylor, James L.
Taylor, L. S.
Taylor, William G.
Templeton, Stuart J.
Templeton, Walter L.
Terry, Foss Bell
Thai, Dr. Paul E.
Thatcher, Everett A.
Theobald, Dr. John J.
Thomas, Mrs. Florence T.
Thomas, Dr. William A.
Thompson, Arthur H.
Thompson, Edward F.
Thompson, Ernest H.
Thompson, Floyd E.
Thompson, Dr. George F.
Thompson, John E.
Thompson, John R., Jr.
Thorne, Hallett W.
Thornton, Dr. Francis E.
Thornton, Roy V.
Thresher, C. J.
Thulin, F. A.
Tibbetts, Mrs. N. L.
Tilden, Averill
Tilden, Louis Edward
Tilt, Charles A.
Tobey, William Robert
Tobias, Clayton H.
Todt, Mrs. Edward G.
Torbet, A. W.
Torrence, George P.
Touchstone, John Henry
Towler, Kenneth F.
Towne, Mrs. John D. C.
Traer, Glenn W.

Trask, Arthur C.
Traylor, Mrs.

Melvin A., Jr.
Traylor, Mrs.

Melvin A., Sr.
Treadwell, H. A.
Trees, Merle J.
Trenkmann, Richard A.
Tripp, Chester D.
Trombly, Dr. F. F.
Trowbridge, Mrs.

A. Buel, Jr.
Trude, Mrs. Mark W.
True, Charles H.
Tumpeer, Joseph J.
Turck, J. A. V.
Turner, Alfred M.
Turner, G. H.
Turner, Mrs. Horace E.
Tuthill, Gray B.
Tuttle, Mrs. Henry N.

Ullmann, Herbert S.
Upham, Mrs. Frederic W.
Uriell, Francis H.
Utter, Mrs. Arthur J.

Vacin, Emil F.
Valentine, Andrew L.
Valentine, Mrs. May L.
Valentine, Patrick A.
VanArtsdale, Mrs.

Flora D.
VanCleef, Felix
VanCleef, Mrs. Noah
VanCleef, Paul
VanDellen, Dr.

Theodore R.
VanDeventer,

Christopher
Vanek, John C.
VanSchaack, R. H., Jr.
Van Winkle, James Z.
VanZwolI, Henry B.
Varel, Mrs. C. D.
Vawter, William A., II
Vehe, Dr. K. L.
Verson, David C.
Vial, Charles H.
Vickery, Miss Mabel S.
Vierling, Mrs. Louis
Vogl, Otto
VonColditz, Dr.

G. Thomsen-
vonGlahn, Mrs. August
Voorhees, Mrs. Condit
Voorhees, H. Belin
Voynow, Edward E.

Wager, William
Wagner, Fritz, Jr.
Wagner, Louis A.

Wahl, Arnold Spencer
Wakerlin, Dr. George E.
Walgreen, C. R., Jr.
Walgreen, Mrs.

Charles R.
Walker, James
Walker, Mrs. Paul
Walker, Samuel J.
Walker, William E.
Wallace, Walter F.
Waller, Mrs. Edward C.
Wallovick, J. H.
Walpole, S. J.
Walsh, Dr. Eugene L.
Wanner, Arthur L.
Ward, Edwin J.
Ward, Mrs. N. C.
Wardwell, H. F.
Wgires, Mrs. Helen Worth
Warfield, Edwin A.
Warner, Mrs. John Eliot
Warren, Allyn D.
Warren, Paul G.
Warren, Walter G.
Warsh, Leo G.
Washburne,

Hempstead, Jr.
Washington, Laurence W.
Wassell, Joseph
Watson, William Upton
Watts, Harry C.
Watzek, J. W., Jr.
Weber, Mrs. Will S.
Webster, Arthur L.
Webster, Miss Helen R.
Webster, Henry A.
Wedelstaedt, H. A.
Weil, Mrs. Leon
Weil, Martin
Weiler, Rudolph
Weiner, Charles
Weiner, George
Weinstein, Dr. M. L.
Weinzelbaum, Louis L.
Weinzimmer, Dr. H. R.
Weis, Samuel W.
Weisbrod, Benjamin H.
Weiss, Mrs. Morton
Weiss, Siegfried
Weissbrenner, A. W.
Weisskopf, Maurice J.
Weisskopf, Dr. Max A.
Welles, Mrs. Donald P.
Welles, Mrs. Edward

Kenneth
Wells, Arthur H.
Wells, Miss Cecilia
Wells, Harry L.
Wells, Preston A.
Wendell, Barrett
Wendell, Miss

Josephine A.

117

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued)

Wentworth, Edward N.
Wentworth, John
Wentworth, Mrs.

Sylvia B.
Wentz, Peter L.
Werner, Frank A.
Wertheimer, Joseph
West, Thomas H.
Westerfeld, Simon
Wetten, Albert H.
Weymer, Earl M.
Wheeler, George A.
Wheeler, Leo W.
Wheeler, Leslie M.
Wheeler, Mrs.

Robert C.
White, Mrs. James C.
White, Joseph J.
White, Richard T.
White, Sanford B.
White, Selden Freeman
Whiting, Mrs. Adele H.
Whiting, Lawrence H.
Widdicombe, Mrs. R. A.
Wieland, Charles J.
Wieland, Mrs.

George C.
Wienhoeber, George V.
Wilcox, Robyn
Wilder, Harold, Jr.
Wilder, Mrs. John E.
Wilder, Mrs. Paul
Wilker, Mrs.

Milton W.
Wilkey, Fred S.
Wilkins, George Lester

Wilkinson, Mrs.

George L.
Wilkinson, John C.
Willems, Dr. J. Daniel
Willens, Joseph R.
Willey, Mrs.

Charles B.
Williams, J. M.
Williams, Kenneth
Williamson, George H.
WilUs, Paul, Jr.
Willis, Thomas H.
Willner, Benton Jack, Jr.
Wilms, Hermann P.
Wilson, Edward Foss
Wilson, H. B., Sr.
Wilson, Mrs. John R.
Wilson, Miss Lillian M.
Wilson, Morris Karl
Wilson, Mrs.

Robert E.
Wilson, William
Winans, Frank F.
Windsor, H. H., Jr.
Winston, Hampden
Winston, James H.
Winston, Mrs. James H.
Winter, Irving
Wolf, Mrs. Albert H.
Wolf, Walter B.
Wolfe, Lloyd R.
Wood, Mrs.

Gertrude D.
Wood, Mrs. Hettie R.
Wood, Kay, Jr.
Wood, Mrs. R. Arthur

Wood, Robert E.
Wood, William G.
Woodmansee, Fay
Woods, Weightstill
Worcester, Mrs.

Charles H.
Work, Robert
Works, George A.
Wright, H. C.
Wrigley, Mrs.

Charles W.
Wulf, Miss

Marilyn Jean
Wupper, Benjamin F.

Yager, Mrs. Vincent
Yerkes, Richard W.
Yondorf, John David
Yondorf, Milton S., Jr.
Yorkey, Mrs.

Margaret
Young, B. Botsford
Young, E. Frank
Young, George W.

Zabel, Max W.
Zabel, Mrs. Max W.
Zapel, Elmer J.
Zerler, Charles F.
Ziebarth, Charles A.
Zimmerman, Herbert P.
Zimmerman, Louis W.
Zinke, Otto A.
Zork, David
Zurcher, Mrs. Suzette M.

Abbott, Gordon C.

Barnum, Harry H.
Becker, Herman T.
Birk, Frank J.
Bluthardt, Edwin

Clark, Charles V.
Clough, William H.
Coyle, C. H.
Curtis, Mrs. Charles S.

Donnelley, Miss Naomi

Flood, Walter H.
Folsom, Mrs. Richard S.
Foute, Albert J.

Gaylord, Duane W.
Grey, Charles F.

Harding, Richard T.
118

Deceased, 1951

Harris, Hayden B.
Hill, William C.
Horton, Hiram T.
Howe, Warren D.
Howell, Albert S.
Hughes, John W.

Jirka, Dr. Robert H.

Kohl, Mrs. Caroline L.
Kohlsaat, Edward C.
Kretschmer, Dr.
Herman L.

Maas, J. Edward
Moeller, Rev. Herman H.

Nichols, Mrs.
George R., Jr.

Oppenheimer, Alfred

Peet, Mrs. Belle G.
Phemister, Dr. Dallas B.
Pulver, Hugo

Ravenscroft, Edward H.
Reeve, Mrs. Earl
Rickcords, Francis S.
Roesch, Frank P.
Rogers, Mrs. Bernard F.
Rogers, Joseph E.

Smith, Mrs. Emery J.
Smith, Franklin P.
Sullivan, John J.

Taylor, J. Hall
Thompson, Mrs. John R.

Wade, Walter A.
Wilkins, Miss Ruth C.

Young, Hugh E.

NON'RESIDENT ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

Those, residing fifty miles or more from the city of Chicago, who have
contributed $50 to the Museum

Baum, Mrs. James
Brigham, Miss Lucy M.

Carlson, Elmer G.

Lindboe, S. R.

Meevers, Harvey
Mitchell, W. A.

Niederhauser, Homer

Phillips, Montagu Austin

Porter, Dr. Eliot F.
Stevens, Edmund W.
Trott, James Edwards

SUSTAINING MEMBERS

Those who contribute $25 annually to the Museum

Bingham, Carl G.
Burke, Robert L.

Caples, William G.
Crooks, Harry D.

Dumelle, Frank

Holmblad, Dr. Edward C.
Huggins, G. A.
Hunt, George L.

Kraus, William C.

Kroehler, Kenneth

Laing, William
Lessman, Gerhard
Levi, Julian H.

Mabson, Miss Eugenie A.
Moore, Chester G.

Pope, John W.
Prall, Bert R.

Raymond, Dr. Albert L.

Ross, Earl

Scott, Willis H.
Simpson, Lyman M.
Smith, J. P.

Targes, Joseph

Uihlein, Edgar J., Jr.

Williams, Rowland L.
Wilson, D. H.

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Those who contribute $10 annually to the Museum

Abbell, Joseph J,
Abbell, Maxwell
Abbott, Mrs. Howard C.
Abbott, Mrs. John Jay
Abeles, Alfred T.
Ackermann, George E.
Adam, R. R.
Adams, Carleton B.
Adams, Cyrus H.
Adams, Cyrus H., Ill
Adams, Edward R.
Adams, F. W.
Adams, Harvey M.
Adams, Hugh R., Jr.
Addison, Michael E.
Adsit, Harold C.
Aguinaldo, Miss

Carmen R.
Albade, Wells T.
Albiez, George
Albright, Mrs. Ivan
Alderdyce, D. D.
Alessio, Frank
Alger, Frederick W.
Allais, Mrs. Arthur L.
Allen, Albert H.

Allen, Amos G.
Allen, Charles W.
Allen, Frank W.
Allen, Joseph M.
Allyn, Arthur C.
Alschuler, Alfred S., Jr.
Alton, Robert Leslie
Amberg, Harold V.
Amberg, Miss Mary

Agnes
Ameismaier, Julius
American, John G.
Amtman, Dr. Leo
Anderson, George C.
Anderson, Hugo A.
Anderson, Kenneth H.
Andresen, Raymond H.
Andrew, Lucius A., Jr.
Annan, Dr. Cornelius M.
Anning, H. E.
Anthony, Miss Helen
Appel, Dr. David M.
Arado, A. D.
Arnkoff, Dr. Morris
Arnold, Mrs. Hugo F.
Arnold, Robert M.

Arthur, Robert S.
Arthur, Mrs. W. R.
Arvey, Mrs. Jacob M.
Ashcraft, Edwin M., Ill
Asher, Frederick
Atwood, Carl E.
Auer, George A.
Austerlade, William R.
Austin, Edwin C.
Austin, Mrs. Henry

Warren
Austin, Dr. Margaret

Howard
Austrian, Mrs. H. S.
Avery, Guy T.
Avery, Robert N.

Babbitt, Mrs. Ross M,
Bachman, E. E.
Bacon, R. H.
Badgerow, Harve Gordon
Baer, Arthur A.
Bailey, Warren G.
Baker, Mrs. Marion

Herbert
Baldwin, Mrs. Amy G.

119

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Baldwin, John R. Walsh
Balfanz, Henry W.
Ballard, Mrs. E. S.
Balsam, Herman
Bankard, E. Hoover, Jr.
Banker, O. H.
Barber, H. B.
Barber, Sidney L.
Bard, Albert T.
Bard, Ralph Austin, Jr.
Bard, Roy E.
Bardwell, William U.
Barke, Oscar A.
Barker, C. R.
Barker, E. C.
Barker, James M.
Barkhausen, Mrs.

Henry G.
Barnes, Mrs. Harold

Osborne
Barnes, William H.
Barnow, David H.
Baroody, E. T.
Barr, Charles L.
Barrett, Miss Adela
Barrett, Lawrence H.
Barriger, John W., Ill
Barron, Maurice J.
Barry, Gerald A.
Bartholomay, Henry C.
Bartholomay, William, Jr.
Bartlett, George S.
Bartoli, Peter
Bass, Charles
Bast, O. D.
Bates, Dr. A. Allan
Baukus, J. Algert
Bauman, P. J.
Bauman, Walter J.
Baumgardner, H. L.
Baxter, C. R.
Baxter, Mark L.
Bay, Dr. Emmet B.
Beach, George R., Jr.
Beall, R. M.
Beamsley, Foster G.
Bean, Ferrel M.
Beatty, Gilbert A.
Beatty, Ross J., Jr.
Beaumont, D. R.
Becker, David
Becker, Mrs. George A.
Beckwith, William J.
Beelman, Hugh C.
Beers-Jones, L.
Behr, John L.
Beilin, Dr. David S.
Beirne, T. J.
Beiser, Carl H.
Bell, Herbert E.
Beman, Lynn W.
Benedek, Dr. Therese

Benesch, Alfred
Bengtson, J. Ludvig
Benjamin, Mrs. Bert R.
Benjamin, Edward
Benner, Miss Harriet
Bennett, Dwight W.
Bennett, Myron M.
Bennett, R. J.
Bennett, Russell O.
Bensinger, Robert F.
Benson, Martin E.
Benson, Miss Mildred W.
Bere, Lambert
Berg, Eugene P.
Berger, R. O.
Bergfors, Emery E.
Bergman, Edwin A.
Berk, Benjamin
Bernstein, George E.
Bernstein, Saul
Beutel, Henry J.
Beven, T. D.
Bianco, Mrs. Mildred M.
Biddle, Robert C.
Bidwell, Dr. Charles L.
Bielefeld, Herbert J.
Biggio, Mrs. Louise T.
Birchwood, Dr. Eugene
Bird, Miss Anne
Birk, Meyer
Bishop, James R.
Bishop, Miss Ruth
Bissel, Otto
Bjork, Eskil I.
Bjorkman, Carl G.
Black, E. D.
Black, John D.
Blackburn, John W.
Blair, Mrs. Arthur M.
Blair, David
Blair, John P.
Blair, Mrs.

Wm. McCormick
Blake, Arthur T.
Blanksten, Mrs.

Samuel B.
Blecha, Miss Loraine
Blitzsten, Dr. N. Lionel
Block, Mrs. Joseph L.
Blomquist, Alfred
Bloom, H. L.
Blumberg, Nathan S.
Blume, Ernest L.
Blumenthal, Barre
Blunt, Carleton
Bohlin, Louis E.
Boitel, A. C.
Bokman, Dr. A. F.
Boland, Ray H.
Boland, Walter J.
Bond, William Scott
Bonfield, Mrs. Paul H.

Bonfig, Henry C.
Bonk, Joseph E.
Booth, Sheldon M.
Borinstein, Marcus E.
Borland, Mrs.

John Jay, III
Borrowdale, Thomas M.
Boss, Sidney M.
Both, Mrs. William C.
Boulton, Frederick W.
Bouris, George C.
Bourke, Dr. Henry P.
Bowers, Lloyd W.
Bowersox, W. A.
Bowes, W. R.
Bowles, H. S.
Bowman, J. C.
Bowman, Jay
Boyd, B. W.
Boyd, Darrell S.
Boyd, Miss Helen
Brackett, William A. H.
Bradburn, Robert F.
Bradford, Miss

Jane Marian
Bradley, Charles C.
Bradley, Dr. Garnet
Brandel, Paul W.
Brando, Marlon
Brandt, Fred T.
Brandt, Mrs. Robert C.
Bratton, L. G.
Braudy, Mrs. Louis C.
Braun, Mrs. James

Burton
Braun, Martin H.
Breckinridge, Miss Mary
Breen, James W.
Bremner, Dr. M. D. K.
Brennan, B. T.
Brennan, John C.
Brent, John F.
Brenza, John B.
Brice, Mrs. Edward

Earle
Brichetto, John L.
Bridgeman, Wallace C.
Briede, Henry J.
Briggs, Edward A., Jr.
Briggs, George L.
Briggs, J. H.
Bright, Mrs. Orville T.
Brock, Edson M.
Brodie, Dr. Allan G.
Brooks, C. Wayland
Brooks, Edward P.
Brown, A. M.
Brown, A. P.
Brown, Adelbert
Brown, Alexander
Brown, Baird
BrowTi, Cameron

120

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Brown, Garfield W.
Brown, Mrs. George W.
Brown, H. Templeton
Brown, Mrs. Isidore
Brown, Paul W.
Bruce, A. D.
Brucker, Dr. Matthew W.
Brugaletta, John
Brunker, Albert R.
Bruns, Herman H.
Bryan, Charles W., Jr.
Brye, Edvin
Buchanan, J. H.
Bucklen, Harley R.
Budlong, Robert Davol
Buik, George C.
Bulfer, Dr. Andrew F.
Bulger, Thomas S.
BuUey, Allen E.
Bumzahem, Carlos B.
Bunn, B. H.
Burch, A. T.
Burckert, F. D.
Burdick, Charles B.
Burgee, Joseph Z.
Burke, James E.
Burkill, Edward W.
Burn, Felix P.
Burnap, Carl
Burnell, Homer A.
Burnet, Mrs. W. A.
Burns, J. Forbes
Burns, 0. R.
Burns, Patrick C.
Burns, Peter T.
Burrell, Mrs. Stanley M.
Burris, Miss Mary H.
Burrows, Arthur A.
Burtis, Clyde L.
Burtis, Guy S.
Burtness, Harold William
Burton, Oliver M.
Busch, Francis X.
Bush, Dr. Thadd F.
Butler, Burtram B.
Butler, Chester L.
Butler, Horace G.
Butler, John C.
Byerrum, R. O.
Byrnes, William Jerome

Cabeen, Richard McP.
Cadwell, Charles S.
Caesar, O. E.
Caiazza, Theodore M.
Callan, T. J.
Cameron, John W.
Cameron, William T.
Camp, J. Beidler
Camp, Mrs. Ruth Orton
Campbell, Chesser M.
Campbell, Donald F., Jr.

Campbell, G. Murray
Capek, Charles A.
Carl, Otto Frederick
Carlisle, Mrs. William T.
Carlton, Mrs. Frank A.
Carp, Joseph T.
Carqueville, Charles
Carr, George Wallace
Carroll, Albert
Carroll, James J.
Carroll, Martin F.
Carstens, Edward E.
Carstens, Milton S.
Carter, C. B.
Casella, Mrs. Caroline
Caselli, Terry
Casey, C. L.
Caspers, Paul
Cassady, Thomas G.
Cassetty, Rev. W. M., Jr.
Cathcart, Mrs. James A.
Cedarburg, Miss

Blanche C.
Cermak, Mrs. Gertrude
Chace, Thomas B.
Chadwick, T. R.
Chambers, Overton S.
Chandler, Dr. Fremont A.
Chapman, Dave
Chapman, James
Chapman, Ralph
Chapman, Richard R.
Chappell, V. F.
Cheskin, David B.
Chesler, Morton C.
Childs, Leonard C.
Chinn, M. E.
Chirich, Zarko
Chor, Dr. Herman
Chrisos, Dr. Sam S.
Chrissinger, Horace B.
Christmann, Valentine H.
Christopher, Dr. G. L.
Church, William S.
Chutkow, R. I.
Cilella, Alfred J.
Citterman, Solomon
Clancy, Gates W.
Clancy, John D., Jr.
Clark, Glenn A.
Clark, James H.
Clark, Dr. James Wilson
Clark, Mrs. Kenneth L.
Clark, Mrs. Ralph E.
Clark, Robert H.
Clarke, Mrs. Philip R.
Clemenson, Harry W.
Clements, G. L.
Clements, Howard P., Jr.
Clifford, J. S.
Clifton, O. W.
Cline, Lyle B.

Clizbe, Mrs. F. O.
Clonick, Herbert J.
Close, Gordon R.
Cloud, Hugh S.
Cloud, Marion D.
Clovis, Paul C.
Clow, J. Beach
Clow, Kent S.
Clyne, R. W.
Coates, E. Hector
Cobbey, J. A.
Coen, Thomas M.
Cohen, Archie H.
Cohen, Harry
Cohen, Louis L.
Cole, Miss Marion W.
Cole, Dr. Warren H.
Cole, Willard W.
Collins, Arthur W.
Collins, Mrs. Frank P.
ColHns, William M., Jr.
Colvin, Miss Bonnie
Combs, Earle M., Jr.
Condee, Elbridge H.
Condon, E. J.
Conklin, Miss Shirley
Conn, Warner S.
Connery, John M.
Connors, William J.
Consoer, Arthur W.
Cook, Junius F., Jr.
Cook, Leslie H.
Cook, Wallace L.
Cooke, Edwin Goff
Cooke, Thomas Edward
Coon, Edmund B.
Cooper, Lee
Cooper, S. Robert
Corbett, Oliver J.
Corcoran, Thomas J.
Corliss, Allen G.
Cornelius, Mrs. R. W.
Cornwell, Dr. H. J.
Cotterman, I. D.
Coulon, Dr. Albert E.
Coutney, Worth C.
Covington, John R.
Cowles, Alfred
Cox, Arthur M.
Cox, Henry L.
Coy, C. Lynn
Crabtree, Samuel A.
Cragg, Mrs. George L.
Cram, Mrs. Norman
Crawford, Henriques
Crean, Dr. C. L.
Cremer, Carl
Cretors, C. J.
Crew, Ben L.
Cronin, James J.
Culbertson, James G.
CuUinan, George J.

121

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Culver, Bernard W.
Culver, Sydney K.
Cummings, Dexter
Cummings, Nathan
Cummins, Dr.

George M., Jr.
Cump, Percy W., Jr.
Cuneo, Francis J.
Cunningham, Robert M.
Curtis, John G.
Curtis, Paul
Cushman, Dr. Beulah
Cushman, Robert S.

Dallwig, P. G.
Daly, James J.
Darby, Raymond J.
Daspit, Walter
David, J. Philip
David, Sigmund W.
Davidson, David E,
Davidson, Louis G.
Davis, Mrs. Charles P.
Davis, Charles S.
Davis, Mrs. DeWitt, III
Davis, George T.
Davis, Hugh
Davis, Johnson S.
Davis, Paul H.
Davis, Ralph W.
Day, Howard Q.
Day, Mrs. Lewis J.
DeCosta, H. J.
Dee, P. J.
Defrees, Donald
Delafield, Richard M.
DeLong, J. L
DeMotte, R. J.
DeParcq, William H.
DePencier, Mrs.

Joseph R.
Deree, William S.
D'Esposito, Joshua
Detchon, Elliott R., Jr.
Deuell, Mrs. Thomas
Devery, John J.
DeWitt, E. J.
Dick, Mrs. Edison
Dick, Mrs. Robert F.
Dicken, Mrs. Clinton 0.
Dickens, Robert Sidney
Dickerson, Earl B.
Dieckmann, Miss

Millian
Diehl, E. E.
Diggs, Dr. N. Alfred
Dilibert, S. B.
Diller, Neal V.
Dillon, W. M.
Dinkelman, Harry
Dixon, Mrs. Wesley M.
Dixson, Mrs. V. B.

Dobkin, I.
Doctoroff, John
Dodd, Walter F.
Doderlein, Roger W.
Dodson, Rev. Dwight S.
Doern, Philip
Dolan, Tom
Doike, W. Fred
Donahue, Elmer W.
Doody, Miss Kitty
Doolittle, John R.
Dorpols, Frank L.
Dorsey, John K.
Dose, Raymond W.
Dougherty, Edward A.
Dougherty, Mrs. Jean E.
Douglass, F. S.
Douglass, Dr. Thomas C.
Dovenmuehle, George H.
Dowd, Mrs. Frank J,
Downing, Dr. James R.
Downs, Mrs. Cecil James
Downs, Charles S.
Downs, James C, Jr.
Doyle, Miss Alice M.
Drago, Miss Rose Ann
Drake, Charles R.
Drake, G. T.
Draper, Henry P.
Dressel, Charles L.
Dreyfus, Maurice M.
Driscoll, Robert
Droege, Richard L.
Drummond, John M.
Dry, Meyer
Dubin, Joseph
Duffy, John I.
Duggan, Charles F.
Dulsky, Louis
Dunigan, Edward B.
Dunkleman, Gabriel
Dunlap, George G.
Dunphy, Charles S.
Dunwody, A. B.
Durham, R. Gregory
Duval, Nathaniel E.
Dvonch, Dr. William J.

Eade, Kenneth C.
Earl, Howard Granger
Earlandson, Ralph 0.
Early, Preston H.
Eddy, Alfred K.
Eddy, Philip E.
Edelson, Dave
Edelstone, Benjamin J.
Edgerly, Daniel W.
Edmonds, C. W.
Edmonds, Robert K.
Egan, A. J.
Ehrlich, Arthur A.
Eiger, Richard Norris

Eisenberg, David B.
Eismann, William
Elden, A. D.
Eldred, G. Lane
Eldred, Mrs. Harriot W.
Elkan, Leo H.
Ellington, J. E.
Elliott, Dr. Arthur R.
Elliott, Mrs. Edwin P.
Ellis, Hubert C.
Elmer, Miss Lulu S.
Elvgren, Gillette A.
Emanuelson, Conrad R.
Emch, Arnold F.
Emery, DeWitt
Emery, Mrs. Fred A.
Endicott, DeWitt
Engebretson, Einar N.
English, Roger M.
Entsminger, Samuel E.
Enzweiler, W. P.
Epstein, Mrs. Arnold
Erickson, L. Hyland
Eshbaugh, C. Harold
Essley, E. Porter
Evans, Keith J.
Everett, William S.
Evers, John W., Jr.

Eager, Raymond Alton
Fairman, Miss Marian
Faissler, John J.
Fallis, Mrs. J. M.
Falls, Dr. F. H.
Fantus, Ernest L.
Farmer, Dr. Chester J.
Farnsworth, Mrs.

George J.
Farr, A. V.

Farrell, Mrs. Ernest H.
Farwell, Albert D.
Faulhaber, John M.
Fausey, Newton L.
Fellers, Francis S.
Fenn, John F.
Fensholt, A. H.
Fentress, James, Jr.
Ferguson, J. F.
Ferrall, James P.
Ferrara, Salvatore
Ferry, Mrs. Frank
Ferry, John A.
Fiala, Joseph F.
Field, Mrs. James A.
Field, John S.
Field, Mrs. William A.
Fields, Sidney M.
Fifer, Russell
Fifielski, Edwin P.
Finch, Herman M.
Fink, Mrs. Frank
Finlay, Henry A., Jr.

122

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Finn, B. L.
Finston, Albert Leo
Fischer, Mrs. Louis E.
Fish, Mrs. Sigmund C.
Fisher, C. P.
Fisher, G. N.
Fisher, G. Howard
Fisher, Maurice
Fisher, Nathan
Fishman, Samuel
Fitzgerald, Dr. J. E.
Fitzgerald, R. W.
Fitzmorris, Mrs.

Charles C., Sr.
Fitzpatrick, James J.
Fitzpatrick, W. J.
Fletcher, Joseph
Flick, Frank
Floreen, Adolph R.
Florsheim, Leonard S.
Foley, Dr. Edmund F.
Foley, Frank J.
Follansbee, Rogers
Follett, C. W.
Foss, Allan A.
Foster, Mrs. Kellam
Foster, Robert S.
Fouche, Mrs. G. R.
Foulks, William
Fowler, Clifford C.
Fowler, Mrs. Earle B.
Fowler, Rev. George A.
Fowler, Walter E.
Fox, Clarence E.
Frank, Augustus J.
Frank, Clinton E.
Frank, Mrs. Davis S.
Frank, Marvin
Frank, Raymond W.
Frankenbush, O. E.
Frankenstein, Rudolph
Franz, Herbert G.
Frasier, Richard C.
Fredrick, Erwin G.
Freeman, Charles Y., Jr.
Freeman, David A.
Freeman, Thomas B.
Freeto, Clarence E.
Fremont, Miss Ruby
Freund, Mrs. I. H.
Friedberg, Dr.

Stanton A.
Friedeman, Richard F.
Frieder, Edward
Friedlander, William
Friedlob, Fred M.
Friedman, J. L.
Fries, Mrs. Evelyn
Frothingham, Mrs.

Naneen R.
Frye, W. P.
Frystak, A. J.

Fugard, John R.
Fuhrer, Max
Fuhry, Joseph G.
Fuller, Mrs. Eugene

White
Furey, Dr. Warren W.
Furth, Lee J.

Gabel, Walter H.
Gage, John N.
Gaiennie, L. Rene
Galanti, Mrs. Charles P.
Gale, Abram
Gale, M. J.
Gallauer, William
GaMache, Louis L.
Gans, Mrs. Doris

Coleman
Gardner, Miss Blanche
Gardner, Fred F.
Garlington, William M.
Garman, Earl M.
Garrick, Dr. Samuel
Gary, Charles V.
Gary, Theodore S.
Gatzert, Mrs. August
Gaudio, Charles C.
Gaylord, Mrs. Sol H.
Gekas, John C.
Gelder, Miss Madeline
Gellman, Allen B.
Gendel, Paul
Genther, Charles B.
Georgeson, J. T.
Geraghty, James K.
Geraghty, Mrs.

Thomas F.
Gerow, Theron G.
Gerrard, J. M.
Gettleman, Samuel R.
Getz, Oscar
Gianaras, Alec K.
Gibbs, A. E.
Gibbs, George M.
Gibson, Paul
Gibson, Truman K., Jr.
Gidwitz, Gerald
Gilchrist, C. T.
Giles, Dr. Chauncey D.
Gill, Joseph L.
Gillett, W. N.
Gillies, Fred M.
Gilroy, John F.
Gitelson, Dr. Maxwell
Gits, Mrs. Remi J., Sr.
Glade, George H., Jr.
Glader, Frank J.
Glassford, Gordon L.
Glatte, Hayden A.
Glattfeld, Prof.

John W. E.
Glen, Harold V.

Glick, Louis G.
Glover, Chester L.
Goble, G. B.
Goble, Lawrence E.
Goder, Joseph
Godey, John W.
Goessele, John H.
Goettsch, Walter J.
Goetz, Carl L.
Goldberg, Bertrand
Golden, John H.
Golden, Mrs. Samuel M.
Goldich, David E.
Goldschmidt, M.
Goldstein, Dr. Abraham
Goldstein, Mrs.

Benjamin F.
Goldthorp, Dr. Ellsworth
Golman, Joseph J.
Gomberg, Dr. Harry
Gonnerman, Mrs.

Allan W.
Good, Charles E.
Goodall, John C.
Goodbar, Harry L.
Goodhart, Mrs. H. J.
Gooding, Robert E.
Goodrich, Miss Josephine
Goodrich, Miss Juliet T.
Goodson, Orr
Gordon, Mrs. Arthur
Gordon, Edward
Gordon, Leonard
Gordon, Dr. Marion Lee
Gordon, Milton
Gordon, Norman
Gourfain, A. S., Jr.
Grace, Mrs. Harriet W.
GrafRs, Herbert
Grasty, J. S., Jr.
Grauer, Milton H.
Graw, Harry J.
Gray, A. S.
Gray, Mrs. Earl E.
Gray, Hitous
Green, Mrs. Dwight H.
Green, Norman C.
Greene, Dr. Charles F.
Greenhouse, Jacob
Greenlee, William B.
Gregg, John P.
Greig, Dr. H. Wallace
Griglik, Casimir
Grimes, J. Frank
Grinnell, Robert L.
Groble, Edward B.
Grochowski, Mrs. G. S.
Groebe, Louis G.
Groenwald, F. A.
Grombach, Alfred O.
Grosberg, Charles
Grove, Miss Helen H.

123

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Gruendel, Mrs.

George H.
Grunlee, Sigwald C.
Gudis, Theodore B.
Gumbinger, Miss Dora
Gurley, F. G.
Gutgsell, Mrs. Emil J.
Guthenz, S. M.
Guthrie, Mrs. Eleanor Y.
Guthrie, S. Ashley

Hackett, Thad
Haddad, George J.
Haeger, E. H.
Hagenah, William J., Jr.
Hagerty, Walter H.
Hagey, Harry H., Jr.
Hagey, J. F.
Hagg, Arthur H.
Hagstrom, Joseph G.
Haigh, D. S.
Hall, Arthur B.
Hall, Miss Eliza P.
Hall, Harry
Hall, Louis W.
Halperin, Arthur
Halperin, Robert S.
Ham, Mrs. Harold
Hamill, Dr. Ralph C.
Hamill, Mrs. Robert W.
Hamilton, Mrs.

Gurdon H.
Hamm, George A.
Hammel, W. F., Jr.
Hammond, Dr. Rex D.
Hammond, WilHam M.
Hampson, Philip
Handtmann, G. E.
Hannaford, Miss

Mildred L.
Hanson, Miss Marion
Hardin, George D.
Harding, Carroll Rede
Harding, William H.
Hardwicke, Harry
Hardy, Julian H.
Hardy, Mrs. L. Martin
Hargrave, Homer P.
Hargreaves, Thomas H.
Harig, Herbert
Harman, Dr. Hubert F.
Harrington, George Bates
Harris, Benjamin R.
Harris, Mrs. Mortimer B.
Harris, R. Neison
Harrison, Dr. R. Wendell
Harshaw, Myron T.
Hart, Mrs. H. G.
Hart, J. Leslie
Hart, Dr. John T.
Hart, Louis E.
Hartman, Mrs. Irvin H.

Hartman, Milton C.
Hartung, Miss Elizabeth
Harvey, Byron S.
Harvey, George W., Jr.
Harvey, James D.
Hasbrook, Howard F.
Haskell, Clinton H.
Haskins, Robert E.
Haskins, Mrs. William J.
Hassell, Warren S.
Hastings, Mrs. James E.
Hasty, Lloyd
Hatfield, W. A.
Hathaway, Mrs.

Carter H.
Hattis, Robert E.
Hattstaedt, Mrs. John J.
Haubrich, Harold F.
Haupt, Henry H.
Hauser, Dr. Emil D. W.
Hausman, Dr. Charles M.
Havelaar, W. C.
Hawkes, Joseph B.
Hawley, Frederick W., Jr.
Hawthorne, Vaughn R.
Hayes, Daniel T.
Hayes, Mrs. Paul W.
Hayes, William E.
Haynes, Charles Webster
Haynes, Frank M.
Haynes, L. S.
Haynes, Louis F.
Haynie, R. G.
Hazel, Dr. George R.
Hazen, Theodore D.
Head, James D.
Heald, Mrs. Henry T.
Healy, Mrs. Fred A.
Healy, Thomas H.
Heckel, Edmund P.
Heddens, John W.
Hedges, Dr. Robert N.
Hedly, Arthur H.
Hedrich, Mrs. Otto H.
Heerey, Bernard H.
Heffner, Dr. Donald J.
Heifetz, Samuel
Heinze, Mrs. Bessie

Neuberg
Helgason, Ami
Heller, H. G.
Henderson, B. E.
Henderson, G. B.
Henke, Frank X., Jr.
Hennemeyer, Dr.

Rudolph J.
Henner, H. I.
Henner, Dr. Robert
Henriksen, H. M.
Henrv, Joseph E.
Herbert, W. T.
Hertz, J. H.

Hesse, Dr. Paul G.
Hesseltine, Dr. H. Close
Hetreed, Dr. Francis W.
Hibben, Joseph W.
Highstone, Mrs.

William H.
Hildebrand, Walter H.
Hill, Carlton
Hill, Mrs. Cyrus G.
Hilton, Edward L.
Hilton, Henry Mark
Hines, Charles M.
Hinman, Sherwood V.
Hirsch, Edwin W.
Hirtenstein, Robert E.
Hitchings, LeRoy K.
Hixson, Hebron
Hoag, Mrs. Junius C.
Hoban, Dr. Eugene T.
Hobbs, Mrs. J. P.
Hobbs, Russell D.
Hochfeldt, William F.
Hodgman, Charles R., Jr.
Hoffman, Joseph
Hogenson, William
Hogsten, Mrs. Yngve
Hohbaum, Mrs. Rosa M.
Hohman, Dr. Ned U.
Hokenson, Gustave
Hokin, Barney E.
Holabird, William
Holcomb, Mrs. R. R.
Holinger, Dr. Paul H.
Holland, Jesse J.
Hollar, Philip A.
Hollender, Dr. S. S.
Hollingbery, Mrs.

George P.
Holloway, J. L.
Holmberg, Adrian 0.
Holmberg, Clarence L.
Holt, E. M.
Homan, Joseph
Homan, Max
Hooper, A. F.
Hooper, Dr. J. Gerald
Hope, E. N.
Hopkins, Dr. M. B.
Hoppe, Carl E.
Horowitz, Charles I.
Horton, Mrs. Arthur
Horwich, Philip
Horwitz, Irving A.
Houda, Dr. Leo
Hough, William J,
Houha, Vitus J.
House, Woodford W.
Howard, Hubert E.
Howe, Jonathan T.
Hoyt, N. Landon, Jr.
Hubachek, Frank

Brookes

124

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Huber, Andrew V.
Huch, Herbert F.
Huddleston, J. W.
Hudson, William J.
Huettmann, Fred
Huggett, Martin C.
Huggett, W. W.
Hughes, Dr. Charles E.
Hughes, Frank W.
Hughes, Russell P.
Huguenor, Lloyd B.
Hull, Lathrop W.
Hulson, J. W.
Humm, Mrs. Charles E.
Humphreys, Mrs.

Robert E.
Hunker, Robert W.
Hunnemann, Miss

Alma M.
Hunt, Mrs. William O.
Hurlbut, Miss

Elizabeth J.
Hurley, G. B.
Hurley, Raymond J.
Hurley, Stephen E.
Hutchinson,

George A., Jr.
Hutson, Mrs. John F.
Huxley, Henry M.
Huxtable, Miss Barbara

Leslie
Hynes, D. P.
Hypes, S. L.

Iker, Charles
Indelli, William A.
Ingalls, Mrs. Frederick A.

Jack, W. J.
Jackett, C. A.
Jackson, Byrne A.
Jackson, W. H.
Jacky, Frederick
Jacobs, Nate
Jacobson, Egbert
Jaech, Miss Lillian K.
Jager, Dr. Elizabeth
Jalkut, Lee D.
James, Allen M.
James, Ralph C.
Jameson, A. R.
Jenner, Mrs. Austin
Jennings, Ralph C.
Jensen, George P.
Jesmer, Julius
Job, Dr. Thesle T.
Johanigman, S. E.
Johnson, A. William
Johnson, Miss Agnes E.
Johnson, Alfred C.
Johnson, Edmund G.
Johnson, Dr. G. Erman

Johnson, Harry G.
Johnson, Julius
Johnson, Miss Millie C.
Johnson, Nye
Johnson, P. Sveinbjorn
Johnson, R. C.
Johnson, R. W.
Johnson, Sidney R.
Johnston, A. J.
Johnston, Hulburd
Jolls, Thomas H.
Jones, Owen Barton
Jones, Thomas C.
Jones, Mrs. Walter Clyde
Joseph, Dr. Paul
Joyce, Marvin B.
Judd, Mrs. Willis W.
Juley, John
Jung, C. C.
Jurgensen, R. J.

Kahler, William V.
Kahoun, John A.
Kamm, Dr. Bernard A.
Kampen, Lambert
Kane, Daniel Francis
Kane, Mrs. Marion O.
Kanter, Dr. Aaron E.
Kaplan, Harvey
Kaplan, Samuel
Kargman, Wallace I.
Karpen, Leo
Kasbohm, Leonard H.
Kaufman, Mrs.

Frances J.
Kavanaugh, Miss Julia
Kay, Joseph C.
Kaye, Harry
Keach, Benjamin
Kearney, E. L.
Kearns, Mrs. Jerry J.
Keck, Mathew
Keehn, L. D.
Keeler, Mrs. Edwin R.
Keeley, Robert E.
Keene, William J.
Keeney, Frank P.
Keeton, Dr. Robert W.
Keim, Melville
Keith, Elbridge
Kellar, Herbert A.
Keller, Edwin P.
Keller, Harry F.
Keller, I. C.
Keller, J. E.
Keller, M. J.
Keller, Sidney M.
Kelley, Mrs. Phelps
Kellogg, Harry E.
Kellogg, James G.
Kellogg, John Payne
Kelly, Charles Scott

Kelly, T. L.
Kelly, Mrs. T. L.
Kemper, James S., Jr.
Kendall, G. R.
Kennedy, J. G.
Kennedy, R. J.
Kerr, Leslie H.
Kidston, Ross H.
Kidwell, James E.
Kidwell, L. B.
Kilberry, F. H.
Kilbourn, Miss Ruth
Kiley, Dr. Matthew J.
Kimball, Paul G.
Kimball, Mrs. Ralph R.
Kimes, Gerald C.
King, H. R.
King, J. Andrews
King, Willard L.
Kingham, J. J.
Kipp, Lester E.
Kirby, Dr. William
Kirst, Lyman R.
Kittle, Mrs. C. M.
Klagstad, Harold L.
Klapman, Philip A.
Klefstad, Sievert
Klein, Mrs. A. S.
Klein, Dr. David
Klein, Dr. Ernest L.
Kleinfeld, J. Laurence
Klemperer, Leo A.
Kling, Leopold
Klutznick, Mrs.

Philip M.
Knell, Boyd
Knight, Dr. Alva A.
Knotts, Glenn
Knourek, William M.
Knowlson, J. S.
Knowlton, John M.
Knox, Merrill B.
Knutson, A. C.
Koch, Carl
Koehn, Carl W.
Koenig, O. N.
Kohn, Henry L,
Kohn, Louis A.
Kolbe, Frank F.
Kolehmainen, Waino M.
Kolesiak, Walter R.
Kolkmeyer, Ralph W.
KoUar, Dr. John A., Jr.
Kopinski, Louis
Kort, George
Kos, Victor A.
Kosmach, Frank P.
Kostrzewski, Dr. M. J.
Kotas, Rudolph J.
Kowalski, Dr. Leonard F.
Krabill, LeRoy
Krafft, Walter A.

125

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Krag, Franz K.
Krane, Leonard J.
Krasberg, Rudolph
Kratsch, Charles
Krause, Elmer
Krausman, Arthur
Krider, E. A.
Krinsley, Lazarus
Kritchevsky, Jerome
Krogh, E. E.
Kroll, Harry
Kroll, Morris
Krotter, Miss Nellie M.
Kruggel, Arthur
Krumdieck, Leo
Kuehn, Miss Katharine
Kuehn, Oswald L.
Kuhnen, Mrs. George H.
Kuhns, Mrs. H. B.
Kuyper, George A.

Lacey, Miss Clara R.
Lachman, Harold
Laidley, Roy R.
Laird, Robert S.
Lamb, George N.
Lambertsen, John G.
Lancaster, A. Pope
Landis, Sidney
Lane, George A.
Lane, Howard
Lang, Eugene C.
Langan, Harley B.
Lange, A. G.
Lange, Hugo C.
Langen, Ray
Langer, Joseph S.
Langert, A. M.
Langford, Joseph P.
Laramore, Florian E.
Large, Judson
Larkin, R. C.
Larkin, Mrs. Walter D.
Larsen, Roy R.
Larson, Simon P.
Lasch, Charles F.
Lasch, Harry
Lash, Dr. A. F.
Laud, Sam
Laufman, Dr. Harold
Lavezzorio, N. J.
Law, M. A.
Lay ton, Lewis
Leahy, George J.
Leander, Russell J.
Lechler, E. Fred
Lederer, Irving G.
Lederer, Joseph M.
Lee, Miss Alice Stephana
Lee, John H.
Lee, Noble W.
Lehman, O. W.

Lehr, Arthur
Leibrandt, George F.
Leighton, Robert
Leindecker, Charles L.
Leiner, John G.
Leith, John A.
Leland, Samuel
Lello, Herbert F.
Leonard, Arthur G., Jr.
Levi, Stanley B.
Levin, Louis
Levin, Robert E,
Levine, William
Levine, William D.
Levitan, Moses
Lewendowski,

Sigmund W.
Lewis, B. F.
Lewis, Edward J.
Lewis, Mrs. Lloyd
Lewis, Mrs. Walker O.
Lickfield, Rev. F. W.
Liebenow, J. Gus
Liebrock, Harry F.
Lifvendahl, Dr.

Richard A.
Lind, Charles P.
Lindar, Mrs. Albert J.
Lindell, Arthur G.
Lindeman, John H.
Lindsay, Mrs. Martin
Lindsley, A. J.
Line, Dr. Eva J.
Lingott, Richard H.
Linn, Joseph M.
Linthicum, J. Francis
Lipman, Abraham
Lippincott, R. R.
Lippman, Mrs. William
Lipsey, Howard
Lipshutz, Joseph
Litschgi, Dr. J. J.
Little, Wilson V.
Littman, Benson
Lloyd, Miss Georgia
Lock, Gilbert L.
Lockefer, Frank V.
Lockett, Harold
Lockwood, Lawrence A.
Lockwood, Maurice H.
Loeb, Mrs. Ernest G.
Loebe, Edward E.
Logelin, Edward C, Jr.
Loomis, D. P.
Loomis, Miss Marie
Looney, Charles C.
Loosli, Dr. Clayton G.
Lorance, Mrs. Luther M.
Lorber, Herbert J.
Loughead, Miss Ruth
Loung, George, Jr.
Love, John T.

Lovejoy, Mrs. Winfred L.
Low, Mrs. Josiah O.
Lowy, Walter H.
Ludolph, Arthur L.
Lundy, Dr. Clayton J.
Lundy, Francis L.
Lutterbeck, Dr.

Eugene F.
Lydon, Eugene K.
Lynch, M. F.
Lynch, William J., Jr.
Lyon, Mrs. Jeneva A.
Lyons, Philip

MacDonald, Mrs.

Victoria D.
MacFarland, Hays
Macfarland, Lanning
Macholz, Rev. Ignatius
Mack, John J.
MacKenzie, William J.
Macki, Gunnar C.
MacKiewich, Justin
MacLean, Mrs.

John A., Jr.
MacLean, William P.
Maddock, Mrs. Walter G.
Magee, G. M.
Magid, Cecil E.
Magill, Miss Hallie
Magnuson, Paul B., Jr.
Mahler, I. H.
Maison, Mrs. L. G.
Mall, Arthur W.
Mallegg, O. O.
Manasse, DeWitt J.
Mannette, Mrs.

Russell L.
Manning, Mrs.

Herbert S.
Manning, Dr. Paul D. V.
Manno, Vincent P.
Mantout, Mrs. Bernard
Manz, George R.
Manzelmann, George F.
Marchant, Miss Lilian
Marcus, Abel
Mardorf, Miss Mae F.
Markman, Samuel K.
Marling, Mrs.

Franklin, Jr.
Marnane, James D.
Marquardt, Dr.

Gilbert H.
Marquart, Arthur A.
Marsh, E. S.
Marshall, Charles A.
Marston, T. E.
Martin, Cecil
Martin, Donald B.
Martin, Mrs. Leroy
Maseng, Trygve

126

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Mastri, Dr. Aquil
Masur, Dr. Wolfgang
Matchett, Hugh M.
Mathews, Henry T.
Mathewson, Lynn L.
Mathieu, Auguste
Matson, H. M.
Matthews, Francis E.
Matthews, J. H.
Maxon, R. C.
Maxwell, Mrs.

Augustus K.
May, Sol

Mayer, Edwin W. C.
Mayfield, W. A.
Maywald, Elmer C.
McArthur, Mrs. S. W.
McBride, W. Paul
McBurney, Kenneth
McCabe, Mrs. I. E.
McCaffrey, J. L.
McCallister, Frank
McCallister, James

Maurice
McCann, Charles J.
McCarthy, Mrs.

Theris V.
McCIellan, John H.
McCloud, Miss Edna W.
McClurg, Verne O.
McCollum, John P.
McCoy, Charles S.
McCracken, John W.
McCracken, Kenneth
McCreery, C. L.
McCulloch, Mrs. Hugh
McCurdie, N. J.
McDermott, H. T.
McDermott, William F.
McDonald, John M.
McDonough, John J.
McDougal, Robert, Jr.
McDufRe, George J.
McEldowney, C. R.
McGarry, Miss Agnes
McGregor, John M.
McGuire, Simms D.
McGuire, Thomas P.
McHenry, Roland
McKay, Miss Mabel
McKee, Albert E.
McKee, William F.
McKellar, Archibald D.
McKibbin, Mrs.

George B.
McKinzie, William V.
McKittrick, C. E.
McKy, Keith B.
McLaughlin, Mrs.

George D.
McLaughlin, Dr.

James H.

McLaughlin, L. B.
McLean, Dr. Helen

Vincent
McLennan, William L.
McNabb, Mrs. J. H.
McNair, F. Chaloner
McNamara, B. F.
McNamara,

Donald McC.
McNamara, Robert C.
McNear, Everett C.
McNerney, Frank J.
McSurely, Mrs.

William H.
McWilliams, J. E.
Meadors, Roy O.
Meers, Henry W.
Mehaffey, Robert V.
Mehan, J. H.
Meidell, Harold
Meiszner, John C.
Melgaard, B. B.
Mellinghausen, Parker
Mentzer, John P.
Mercer, John F.
Merricks, Mrs. James W.
Merritt, Thomas W.
Mertz, Miss Henriette
Metcoflf, Eli
Meyer, Albert F.
Meyer, Stanton M.
Meyer, Wallace
Michael, C. H.
Michels, Mrs. George W.
Milbrook, A. T.
Milhoan, F. B.
Millard, A. E.
Millard, Mrs. E. L.
Miller, Dr. C. O.
Miller, C. R.
Miller, Chester M.
Miller, Creighton S.
Miller, Earl A.
Miller, Ernest P.
Miller, Gilbert H.
Miller, Mrs. Grace

Edwards
Miller, Mrs. Harvey O.
Miller, John W.
Miller, L. A.
Miller, M. Glen
Miller, Oren Elmer
Miller, R. W.
Miller, Robert H.
Miller, W. S.
Miller, Willard M.
Miller, William H.
MilHken, J. H.
Mirabella, Mrs. S. F.
Mitchell, Harry G.
Mitchell, Mrs. James

Herbert

Mitchell, Mrs. R. B.
Mittelmann, Dr. Eugene
Mizen, Frederic

Kimball
Modene, Oscar F.
Moench, Miss Malinda
Mohn, Mrs. E. Harold
Moll, Edwin
MoUendorf, J. D.
Molter, Harold
Monsen, Myron T.
Moore, Donald F.
Moore, Harold A.
Moore, Dr. Josiah J.
Moore, Kenneth W.
Moore, Lucien W.
Moore, Oscar L.
Moore, R. E.
Moorman, Charles L.
Moran, James
Moran, John T.
Moreland, James C.
Morey, Albert A.
Morgan, Fred C.
Mork, P. R.
Morris, Milton H.
Morris, Sidney L.
Morrissy, Eugene V.
Morrow, C. Allen
Mossman, John E.
Mottier, C. H.
Moulder, P. V.
Moustakis, Linton G.
Mudd, Mrs. J. A., Jr.
Mueller, Mrs. Florian F.
Muench, C. G.
Muench, Hans
Muhs, G. F.

Mulcahy, Mrs. Michael F.
Muldoon, John A., Jr.
Mulhem, Eugene E.
Mulligan, Joseph B.
Munnecke, Mrs.

Wilbur C.
Munson, Lyle
Muntz, Earl W.
Murphy, J. P.
Murphy, Morgan F.
Murray, Edwin A.
Murray, M. W.
Murray, William M.
Musick, Philip Lee

Nabat, A. S.
Nacey, Harry M.
Nachman, H. S.
Naffz, Mrs. L. E.
Nafziger, R. L.
Nahmens, Paul M.
Narowetz, Louis L.
Nash, R. D.
Nath, Bernard

127

ANNUAL MEMBERS {Continued)

Neff, Ward A.
Nelson, Arthur W.
Nelson, Charles M.
Nelson, Earl W.
Nelson, Mrs. Edwin W.
Nelson, Mrs. Henri E.
Nelson, R. E., Jr.
Nemer, Fred
Nesbitt, Fred H.
Ness, J. Stanley
Nettnin, LeRoy H.
Newcomer, Mrs. Paul
Newman, Charles H.
Newman, Mrs. Jacob
Newman, Ralph G.
Newmark, LawTence S.
Newton, Dr. Roy C.
Nice, Dr. Leonard B.
Nicholson, Dr. F. M.
Nickell, H. K.
Nikopoulos, George A.
Nisen, Charles M.
Noble, Daniel E.
Noble, Guy L.
Noble, Robert L.
Nolte, Mrs. Charles B.
Norby, H. L.
Norman, Gustave
Norris, Mrs. James
North, Mrs. F. S.
North, Harold F.
Norton, G. A.
Noyes, W. Hamilton
Nygren, Henry C.

Oberfelder, Joseph H.
Oberhelman, Dr.

Harry A.
O'Brien, Donald J.
O'Brien, M. J.
Ochsner, Dr. Edward H.
O'Connor, John J.
O'Hair, R. C.
O'Haire, Harry J.
O'Hara, Arthur J.
O'Keefe, John F.
Oleson, Philip H.
Olin, Edward L.
Oliver, Dr. Marguerite
Oliver, Dr. Richard M.
Olsen, Andrew P.
Olsen, Dr. Charles W.
Olsen, Oscar W.
Olsen, Sigurd
Olson, Albert M.
Olson, Benjamin Franklin
Olson, H. Edsall
Omara, E. H.
O'Neill, Dr. Eugene J.
O'Neill, J. Vincent
Oppenheimer, Dr. Leo
Orr, Himter K.

Orstrom, Albert Z.
Osanai, Mrs. Mary M.
Osborne, W. Irving, Jr.
OssendorflF, Dr. K. W.
Ostrander, E. L.
O'Sullivan, James J.
Otto, Walter C.
Owen, Mrs. Ralph W.
Owens, Harry J.

Pace, Anderson
Pacer, T. S.
Pacholke, Fred
Padour, Dr. Frank J.
Painter, Miss Marguerite
Pallasch, Paul V.
Palm, Felix
Palmerton, Miss R.
Parker, Austin H.
Parker, E. A.
Parker, Miss Edith P.
Parker, Lee N.
Parrott, George H.
Paschal, John William
Patterson, W. A.
Patterson, William F.
Patti, Dr. Angelo R.
Patton, A. E.
Patton, Ralph E.
Paul, Albert W.
Paul, Benjamin R.
Pauley, Clarence 0.
Paulus, Mrs. Max G.
Payson, Randolph
Peabody, Mrs.

Stuyvesant
Peacher, Mrs. D. J.
Pearce, Charles S.
Pearson, Miss Agnes M.
Pearson, Edwin E.
Pearson, Miss Kathleen
Peck, Miss Constance L.
Peck, Nelson C.
Pederson, Alfred S.
Peirce, Mrs. Clarence A.
Pencik, Mrs. Miles F.
Penner, Louis L.
Penner, Samuel
Pepich, Stephen T.
Peponis, Arthur H.
Perlman, Dr. Henry B.
Perlman, I. B.
Perlstein, Mrs. Harris
Perreault, Earl E.
Perry, Mrs. Joseph Sam
Person, Dr. Allgot G.
Peterkin, Daniel, Jr.
Peters, Dr. Fredus N.
Petersen, Lawrence A.
Peterson, H. R.
Peterson, V. W.
Pettibone, Holman D.

Pettingell, C. D.
Pettinger, Andrew
Pfaelzer, Mrs. Monroe
Pflager, Charles W.
Phelps, Erastus R.
Phelps, William Henry
Phoenix, George E.
Pickering, John E.
Pier, H. M.
Piers, Dr. Gerhart
Pike, Wayne S.
Pillsbury, Mrs. Charles S.
Pirofalo, James C.
Pitt, A. A.
Pletz, S. R.
Plocek, J. Louis
Plummer, Daniel C, Jr.
Plunkett, Paul M.
Pollard, Willard L.
Pollock, Mrs. Lewis J.
Pond, Mrs. Harold M.
Pontius, Mrs. G. V.
Poole, Arthur B., Jr.
Poore, Robert W.
Pope, George J.
Pope, Mrs. Henry, Jr.
Pope, Sidney T.
Porter, Dr. George J.
Portis, Henry R.
Post, Myron H.
Potter, Howard I.
Potts, Albert W.
Pound, G. C.
Power, John W.
Powers, William F.
Praeger, Charles H.
Pratt, Rev. Cuthbert
Pratt, Jacob C, Jr.
Pray, Max
Preble, Robert C.
Preikschat, Raymond W.
Press, Robert M.
Presson, Gerald
Preston, Charles D.
Preston, Dr. Frederick W.
Price, Allen H.
Price, Frederick J.
Price, Griswold A.
Price, Owen N.
Prince, William Wood
Prindiville, James A.
Pritchard, N. H.
Pritzker, Mrs. Jack
Proby, Dr. Edmund A.
Pruitt, Raymond S.
Puestow, Dr. Charles B.
Purdy, Donald
Purdy, J. D.
Purdy, John P.
Purinton, Dr. Robert F.
Puzey, Russell V.

128

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Quam, James P.
Quan, John B.
Querl, E. P.
Quetsch, L. J.
Quisenberry, T. E.

Radack, Mrs.

Dorothy W.
Rappold, Samuel R.
Rasmussen, Frank
Rasmussen, L. M.
Rauh, Morris
Ray, Harold R.
Ray, Mrs. Herbert S.
Raymond, Paul C.
Rayner, Lawrence
Reace, William T.
Read, Freeman C.
Ready, Charles H.
Redding, George H.
Reddy, Mrs. Philip J.
Reed, Mrs. Frank C.
Reed, L. F. B.
Regan, Mrs. Ben
Regnery, Mrs. Henry
Reicin, Frank E.
Reid, Alf F.
Reilly, David J.
Reilly, George A.
Reilly, W. J.
Rein, Lester E.
Reiser, Miss Irene K.
Remien, Miss Marie

Katherine
Render, Miss Forsythe
Renken, Miss Martha
Rentfro, Dr. Charles C.
Replogle, Dr. Fred A.
Ressler, Harold B.
Reskin, Charles G.
Reynolds, Milton
Rice, Dr. Frank E.
Rich, Keith

Richards, Miss Irma L.
Richards, Longley
Richards, Oron E.
Ricker, Jewett E.
Ricks, Ivan
Ridley, Mrs. E. N.
Riedeman, H. T.
Riggs, Mrs. Joseph A.
Riley, John H.
Rinaker, Samuel M.
Ritsos, Nicholas T.
Rivenes, A. I.
Rivera, J. A.
Roach, O. R.
Robandt, Al
Robbins, Burr L.
Robbins, Laurence B,
Roberts, Harlow P.
Roberts, J. K.

Robertson, Egbert
Robertson, Miss

Nancy P.
Robertson, Theodore B.
Robinson, Thomas G.
Robson, Mrs. Oscar
Roche, Burke B.
Roche, John Pierre
Roddewig, Clair M.
Roden, Carl B.
Rodger, John H.
Rodriguez, Dr. Arthur A.
Rodwick, Frank P.
Roefer, Henry A.
Rogan, Walter E.
Rogers, Mrs. Hopewell L.
Rogers, Mrs. J. B.
Rogers, Lester C.
Rogers, Milton P.
Rogers, Miss Suzanne
Rogers, Thomas W.
Roman, B. F.
Ronayne, James F.
Ronning, Magnus I.
Roos, Edwin J.
Rose, Ben
Rose, George
Rose, Jack
Roseland, J. G.
Rosenberg, Ben L.
Rosenberg, Mrs.

Bernhard
Rosenfels, Mrs.

Irwin S.
Rosenson, Herzl
Rosenthal, M. A.
Ross, Dr. Chester John
Ross, Earl
Ross, Dr. Martin T.
Ross, Mrs. Sophie S.
Roth, Arthur J.
Rowan, Mrs. Paul
Rowe, F. B.
Rowley, Fred C, Jr.
Rowley, William F.
Rozmarek, Charles
Rubert, William F.
Rubin, Edward P.
Rudolph, Dr. A. H.
Rudolph, Walter D.
Ruehlmann, William R.
Rugen, Fred A.
Ruhl, Robert H.
Ruhnke, George
Runzel, WilHam L., Jr.
Ruskin, Mrs. Harry H.
Russell, Harold S.
Rutherford, M. Drexel
Ryan, Daniel B.
Ryan, P. F.
Ryder, F. W.
Ryerson, Anthony M.

Saalfeld, Harry H.
Saarinen, W.
Sabin, Eben T.
Sager, Mrs. S. Norman
Salomon, Ira
Saltiel, Dr. Thomas P.
Salzman, Philip H.
Sampson, H. R.
Samuels, Benjamin
Sanborn, Mrs. V. C.
Sandel, Mrs. Clara
Sandrok, Edward G.
Sanfilippo, John
SanFilippo, Dr. Paul D.
Sang, Bernard G.
Sang, Philip D.
Sauerman, John A.
Saunders, R. S.
Sayers, Mrs. A. J.
Sayers, Leon D.
Sayre, Dr. Loren D.
Scalbom, O. Trumbull
Scalbom, Oscar L.
Scarborough, Mrs. Henry
Schaar, B. E.
Schaefer, Fred A.
Schaefer, W. A.
Schaflfner, Arthur B.
Schaffner, Miss Marion
Scheiner, Miss Clara A.
Schiflf, Max
Schiltz, M. A.
Schipfer, Dr. L. A.
Schlatter, Miss Nina E.
Schlichter, Dr. Jakub G.
Schlossberg, Mrs. Harry
Schlossman, Norman J.
Schmidt, George A.
Schmidt, Mrs.
Siegfried G.
Schmus, Elmer E.
Schneider, Benjamin B.
Schnering, P. B.
Schnering, Robert B.
Schnute, Dr. William J.
Schoch, M. G.
Schoeneberger, Charles A.
Schonne, Mrs. Charles W.
Schonthal, B. E.
Schooler, Lee
Schrader, John P.
Schraeder, Harry H.
Schrager, Charles L.
Schroeder, Leo E.
Schroeder, Werner W.
Schuetz, Ralph E.
Schulman, Harry
Schultz, Chester H.
Schultz, W. Norman
Schultz, William H.
Schulz, George H.
Schulze, Paul, Jr.

129

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Schumaker, L. C.
Schureman, Jean L.
Schuttler, Mrs. Peter
Schutz, Reuben M.
Schwandt, Miss Erna
Schwartz, A. A.
Schwartz, Edward H.
Schwartz, Joseph H.
Schwartz, Leo J.
Schwartz, Milton H.
Schwartz, Nathan H.
Schwarz, Fred M.
Schwemm, Earl M.
Sciaky, Sam
Scofield, Clarence P.
Scott, Mrs. Cortlandt N.
Scott, Frederick H.
Scott, George A. H.
Scott, Mrs. Marion R.
Scott, William Edouard
Scott, Dr. Winfield W.
Scovel, Harold F.
Scrimgeour, Miss

Gladys M.
Scudder, Mrs. William M.
Scully, Charles F.
Seaberg, Edward R.
Seaholm, A. T.
Seaman, H. Gilbert
Seaman, Henry L.
Seaverns, George A., Jr.
Secord, Burton F.
Seder, A. R.
Segal, Myron M.
Selby, J. F.
Selfridge, Calvin F.
Sellers, Paul A.
Selz, Frank E.
Senear, Dr. F. E.
Serota, Dr. H. M.
Sewell, Allen K.
Sexton, Mrs. Thomas G.
Shafer, Edward
Shafer, Frederick C.
Shafer, Walter S.
Shalla, Dr. Leon S.
Shaw, John I.
Shaykin, Dr. Jacob B.
Shearer, James, II
Shedd, Mrs. Charles C.
Shedd, Jeffrey
Sheldon, Walter M., Jr.
Sheridan, Leo J.
Sherman, H. C.
Sherman, Robert T.
Shlopack, Wallace B.
Short, William H.
Shrader, Frank K.
Shreve, C. E.
Shuman, John R.
Sibley, Joseph C, Jr.
Siebel, George E.

Sieber, Paul E.
Sillani, Mrs. Mabel W.
Silverstein, Milton
Simpson, Bruce L.
Sims, Frank S.
Sims, Paul K.
Sinaiko, Dr. Edwin S.
Singer, Albert H.
Singer, William A.
Sinnerud, Dr. O. P.
Sittler, Edwin C.
Skirrow, Fred W.
Sklar, N. Raoul
Sklower, Miss Ruth I.
Skoner, Chester
Skudera, Mrs. Marie
Slifka, George C.
Slindee, Edward A.
Sloan, William F.
Sloup, Frank J.
Smalley, B. L.
Smalley, John H.
Smart, David A.
Smick, Robert W.
Smith, George W.
Smith, H. Kellogg
Smith, Harold A.
Smith, John F., Jr.
Smith, Monroe A., Jr.
Smith, Robert C.
Smolka, Oscar J.
Snideman, Richard L.
Snite, John T.
Snow, Lendol D.
Snydacker, Mrs. E. F.
Sollitt, Mrs. Ralph T.
Sollitt, Sumner S.
Sommers, Bert Edward
Soule, M. M.
Spacek, Leonard P.
Spark, David I.
Spear, A. L.
Speed, Dr. Kellogg
Spencer, Arthur T.
Spencer, William N.
Spiegel, Dr. I. Joshua
Spiegel, Miss

Katherine J.
Spiegel, Mrs. Philip
Spielmann, Willson
Spieth, Mrs. Angeline
Sporrer, M. J.
Springer, Clement F.
Springsguth, Robert C.
Staff el, Henry E.
Staffelbach, Earl T.
Stagman, Dr. Joseph
Stagman, Nathan
Stahl, Harold A.
Stahl, John J.
Stahmer, George F., II
Staller, Joseph H.

Stamford, John
Stanbery, J. N.
Stannard, F. J.
Stanton, Edgar, Jr.
Stanton, Mrs. Francis R.
Stanton, Lyman A.
Starbuck, J. C.
Starrett, Miss Carolyn J.
Starshak, A. L.
Staunton, E. C.
Steen, Enoch
Steen, Prof. Julian J.
Steffen, Charles
Steffey, D. Earl
Stein, Mrs. S. Sidney
Steins, Mrs. Halsey
Steinwedell, William
Stensland, T. N.
Stephens, Paul
Stern, David B., Jr.
Stern, Herbert L.
Stern, Herbert L., Jr.
Stern, Jacob S.
Steuer, Mrs. Joseph True
Stevens, Mrs. Clement D.
Stevens, George A.
Stevens, Mrs.

R. St. John
Stevers, Martin D.
Stewart, George R.
Stewart, W. Ellis
Stewart, William Scott
Stiles, J. F., Jr.
Stockton, Joseph D.
Stoddard, Robert M.
Stoddart, William M.
Stolle, Arthur E.
Stolp, John A.
Stolz, Leon
Stone, Dr. F. Lee
Stone, Herbert Stuart, Jr.
Stone, Mrs. J. S.
Storey, Oliver W.
Storkan, Mrs. James
Stormont, Dr. D. L.
Stout, Frederick E.
Straka, Frank B.
Stratton, Mrs. E. W.
Stratton, Paul
Stratton, Robert C.
Straus, Mrs. Robert E.
Stresenreuter, Mrs.

Charles H.
Strohmeier, Dr. Otto E.
Stuart, Lyman J.
Stuart, Robert K.
Stuart, William M.
Stuermer, Ray
Stumes, Charles B.
Sudler, Carroll H., Jr.
Suyker, Hector
Swain, David F.

130

ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued)

Sweet, Lisle W.
Swift, Nathan B.
Swift, T. Philip
Sylvester, Edmund Q.
Sylvester, Dr. Emmy
Sylvester, Miss Maria P.
Symonds, Merrill
Szymanski, Dr.
Frederick J.

Talbot, Mrs. Eugene S.
Tannenbaum, Dr.

Karl H.
Tarnopol, Emil
Tarrson, Albert J.
Tartak, Mrs. Gertrude C.
Tatge, Paul W.
Tatman, George R.
Tauber, Stewart
Taylor, Mrs. A. Thomas
Taylor, Edward L.
Taylor, Fitzhugh
Taylor, George H.
Taylor, Orville
Taylor, Reuben C, Jr.
Taylor, Mrs. Samuel G.
Teichen, E. H.
Templeton, Kenneth S.
Temps, Leupold
Teninga, Alfred J.
Tenney, Henry F.
Testin, Dr. Henry S.
Teter, Park
Thelen, Floyd E.
Thiele, George C.
Thillens, Melvin
Thiry, George F.
Thomas, G. Truman
Thomas, Miss Martha
Thompson, A. Mac
Thompson, Mrs.

Florence S.
Thompson, Dr.

Willard O.
Thoren, Mrs. J. N.
Thoresen, H. B.
Thorson, Reuben
Throop, Mrs. George

Enos
Timmings, G. H.
Tippens, Mrs. Albert H.
Todd, A.
Tonk, Percy A.
Toomin, Philip R.
Topaz, Martin
Topolinski, J. J.
Torosian, Peter G.
Toussaint, S. E.
Trager, D. C.
Trainor, H. J.
Traub, A. C.
Traut, Bernard H.

Traver, George W.
Traynor, William B.
Traynor, William

Knowlton
Treffeisen, Gustave
Tregenza, A. E.
Trimarco, Ralph R.
Troeger, Louis P.
Trumbull, Mrs.

Charles L.
Trumbull, Robert F.
Trumbull, William M.
Turner, Dr. Herbert A.
Turney, Russell J.
Tuteur, Charles
Tuteur, Irving M.
Tyler, Thomas S.
Tyrakowski, Steven S.
Tyrrell, Miss Frances

Ughetti, John B.
Uhlmann, Richard F.
Ullmann, S. E.
Ultsch, W. Lewis
Urban, Andrew
Urban, Dr. H. J.
Utley, Mrs. Clifton M.

VanBuskirk, M. G.
Vanderkloot, Dr. Albert
VanderKloot, Nicholas J.
Vanderwicken, Edwin P.
VanDeventer, William E.
VanDyk, S. A.
VanKampen, A. H.
VanMell, Herman T.
VanNatta, V. R.
VanNice, Errett
VanSchaick, Mrs.

Ethel R.
Varty, Leo G.
Vastine, Lee B.
Vaughan, Alan W.
Velvel, Charles
Vilsoet, William
Vloedman, Dr. D, A.
Vogel, James B.
Vogel, Mrs. Leslie H.
Vogt, Earle E.
Voltz, D. H.
VonGehr, George
Vose, Mrs. Frederic P.
Vydra, Frank C.

Wach, Dr. Edward C.
Wachter, Frederick J.
Wade, Albert G., II
Wadler, Milton Arnold
Wagner, Richard
Wahl, Herman L.
Waite, Roy E.
Waldeck, Herman

Waldman, Dr. Albert G.
Walker, Dr. Alfred O.
Walker, Frederick W., Jr.
Walker, Reno R.
Walker, Wendell
Walker, Mrs. William

Ernest
Wall, Dr. Frank J.
Wallenstein, Sidney
Waller, William, Jr.
Wallerstein, David B.
Wallgren, Eric M.
Walters, Gary G.
Walz, John W.
Wardwell, H. F.
Ware, Mrs. Robert R.
Ware, Willis C.
Warner, Ernest N.
Warner, Mason
Washburn, Dr.

Kenneth C.
Wasserman, Hy
Wasson, Theron
Waterstreet, W. Neal
Wat kins, George H.
Watling, John
Watson, Norman E.
Watt, Herbert J.
Way, Mrs. Henry J.
Weary, Allen M.
Webb, Dr. Edward F.
Webber, Harold H.
Weber, James E.
Webster, Dr. Augusta
Webster, Frederick F,
Webster, N. C.
Wehmeier, H. A.
Weidert, William C.
Weigle, Mrs. Maurice
Weiner, Charles
Weinress, S. J.
Weisbrod, Maxfield
Weismantel, Miss

Theresa A.
Weiss, Alexander
Weitman, W. E.
Weitzel, Carl J.
Welch, M. W.
Welfeld, Marvin J.
Wellin, Harold
Wells, C. A.
Wendt, Edwin H.
Wenholz, Walter W.
Wenninger, William C.
Wescott, Dr. Virgil
Wesley, C. N.
West, James D.
Westbrook, Charles H.
Westerlin, Mrs. J. M.
Wetmore, Horace 0.
Wetten, Walton
Wezeman, Frederick H.

131

ANNUAL MEMBERS {Continued)

Wheeler, Mrs. Seymour
Wheelock, Miss

Ellen P.
Whipple, Gaylord C.
Whipple, Mrs. M, Cox
Whipple, Miss

Velma D.
Whiston, Frank M,
Whitelock, John B.
Whitfield, George B.
Whitmore, Lyle S.
Whitnell, William W.
Whitney, Mrs.

Charles R.
Wible, R. R.
Wickersham, Mrs.

Lucille
Wickman, C. E.
Wilbur, Lawrence S.
Wilby, A. C.
Wilds, John L.
Wilhite, James A.
Wilk, Arthur E.
Wilkinson, William D.
Willard, Nelson W.
Williams, Albert W.
Williams, Jay C.
Williams, Lawrence
WiUiams, Robert G.
Williams, Russell V.
Willis, Ivan L.
Willott, Mrs. Adele

Willy, Gustave J.
Wilmarth, Donald G.
Wilson, Allen B.
Wilson, Arlen J.
Wilson, H. Fred
Wilson, Percival C.
Wilson, Dr. William
Windchy, Mrs.

Frederick 0.
Winsberg, Herbert H.
Winsberg, Samuel
Winston, Charles S., Jr.
Winston, Mrs. Farwell
Winterbotham, John R.
Wiseman, William P.
Wisner, C. V., Jr.
Wolchina, R. P.
Wolf, Morris E.
Wolf, Orrin E.
Wolfe, Hubert J.
Wolflf, Frank C.
Wolff, Oscar M.
Wood, Edward W.
Wood, William A.
Woodside, John T.
Woodson, William T.
Woodward, Arthur H,
Woodyatt, Dr. RoUin

Turner
Woolard, Francis C.
Woolf, Lawrence A.
Woulfe, Henry F.

Wright, William Ryer
Wrisley, George A.
Wyatt, Harry N.
Wybel, L. E.
WyckoflF, Dr. Philip H.

Yates, John E.
Yohe, C. Lloyd
Yonkers, Edward H., Jr.
Youker, Mrs. Claude W.
Young, C. S.
Young, Dr. Donald R.
Young, J. L.
Youngberg, Arthur C.
Youngren, W. W.

Zaczek, Miss

Genevieve A.
Zadek, Milton
Zatz, Sidney R.
Zehr, Ores E.
Zimmer, Harry L.
Zimmerman, Austin M.
Zimmerman, Carl
Zimmerman, E. W.
Zimmerman, Dr.

Harold W.
Zimmerman, Preston
Zimmermann, Mrs. P. T.
Zipse, Edwin W.
Zitzewitz, Arthur F.
Zolla, Abner M.

Deceased, 1951

Agar, Mrs. John T,

Beaven, Joseph C.

Carpenter, John Alden
Cervenka, John A.
Cole, Cornelius C.

Dahl, William G.
Douglas, William C.
Duval, Dr. Emile C.

Foster, George P.

Hoefer, Max

Kidwell, Richard E.

Low, John M.

McGuire, F. Willis
McHenry, Irving
McLaughlin, A. G.
Meyer, Mrs. Alfred C.

Novotny, Richard R.

O'Hearn, Rev. John J.

Ritter, Miss Lavinia

Stoehr, Kurt
Storms, North
Stresen-Reuter,
Frederick A.
Symmes, William H.

Wallace, Charles Ross
Watkins, Frank A.
Wanzer, Howard H.
Weiler, C. J.

132

Articles of Incorporation

STATE OF ILLINOIS

DEPARTMENT OF STATE

William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State

To All to Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting:

Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the
office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, a.d. 1893, for the
organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in
accordance with the provisions of "An Act Concerning Corporations," approved
April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy
of which certificate is hereto attached.

Now, therefore, I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of
Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify
that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized
Corporation under the laws of this State.

In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the
Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September,
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the
Independence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth.

W. H. HINRICHSEN,
[Seal] Secretary of State.

TO HON. WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN,

Secretary of State:
Sir:

We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a cor-
poration under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled
"An Act Concerning Corporations," approved April 18, 1872, and all acts amenda-
tory thereof; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby state as
follows, to- wit:

1. The name of such corporation is the "COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF
CHICAGO."

2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dissemi-
nation of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illustrating
Art, Archaeology, Science and History.

3. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of
Fifteen (15) Trustees, five of whom are to be elected every year.

4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the
first year of its corporate existence:

Edward E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis,
Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock,
Emil G. Hirsch, James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, O. F. Aldis, Edwin
Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus.

5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook,
and State of Illinois.

(Signed)

George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert
McCurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer

133

Buckingham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H.
Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H.
Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, Thomas
B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. Sprague, A. C. McClurg, James W.
Scott, Geo. F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. Fitzsimmons, John A. Roche, E. B.
McCagg, Owen F, Aldis, Ferdinand W. Peck, James H. Dole, Joseph Stockton,
Edward B. Butler, John McConnell, R. A. Waller, H. C. Chatfield-Taylor, A.
Crawford, Wm. Sooy Smith, P. S. Peterson, John C. Black, Jno. J. Mitchell, C. F.
Gunther, George R. Davis, Stephen A. Forbes, Robert W. Patterson, Jr., M. C.
Bullock, Edwin Walker, George M. Pullman, William E. Curtis, James W.
Ellsworth, WilHam E. Hale, Wm. T. Baker, Martin A. Ryerson, Huntington
W. Jackson, N. B. Ream, Norman Williams, Melville E. Stone, Bryan Lathrop,
Eliphalet W. Blatchford, Philip D. Armour.

State of Illinois ^

> ss.
Cook County j

I, G. R. Mitchell, a Notary Public in and for said County, do hereby
certify that the foregoing petitioners personally appeared before me and acknowl-
edged severally that they signed the foregoing petition as their free and voluntary
act for the uses and purposes therein set forth.

Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 1893.

G. R. MITCHELL,
[Seal] Notary Public, Cook County, III.

CHANGE IN ARTICLE 1

Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held
the 25th day of June, 1894, the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was
changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect was
filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois.

CHANGE IN ARTICLE 1

Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held
the 8th day of November, 1905, the name of the FIELD COLUMBIAN
MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY.
A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the ofl!ice of the Secretary
of State for Illinois.

CHANGE IN ARTICLE 3

Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held
the 10th day of May, 1920, the management of FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL
HISTORY shall be invested in a Board of Twenty-one (21) Trustees, who
shall be elected in such manner and for such time and term of office as may be
provided for by the By-Laws. A certificate to this effect was filed May 21, 1920,
in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois.

CHANGE IN ARTICLE 1

Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held
the 15th day of November, 1943, the name of FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL
HISTORY was changed to CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM. A
certificate to this effect was filed November 23, 1943, in the office of the Secretary
of State for Illinois.

134

Amended By-Laws

DECEMBER, 1945

ARTICLE I

MEMBERS

Section 1. Members shall be of twelve classes, Corporate Members, Hon-
orary Members, Patrons, Corresponding Members, Benefactors, Contributors,
Life Members, Non-Resident Life Members, Associate Members, Non-Resident
Associate Members, Sustaining Members, and Annual Members.

Section 2. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in
the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from
time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recom-
mendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such person named in
the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these
By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within
ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of Twenty Dollars
($20.00) or more. Corporate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or
Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate
Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual
meeting of the Board of Trustees is held.

Section 3. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among
persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous
nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues.

Section 4. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of
the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent ser-
vice to the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their
election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members.

Section 5. Any person contributing or devising the sum of One Hundred
Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00) in cash, or securities, or property to the funds
of the Museum, may be elected a Benefactor of the Museum.

Section 6. Corresponding Members shall be chosen by the Board from
among scientists or patrons of science residing in foreign countries, who render
important service to the Museum. They shall be elected by the Board of Trustees
at any of its meetings. They shall be exempt from all dues and shall enjoy all
courtesies of the Museum.

Section 7. Any person contributing to the Museum One Thousand Dollars
($1,000.00) or more in cash, securities, or material, may be elected a Contributor
of the Museum. Contributors shall be exempt from all dues and shall enjoy all
courtesies of the Museum.

Section 8. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of Five Hundred
Dollars ($500.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board,
become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues, and shall
enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are accorded to mem-
bers of the Board of Trustees. Any person residing fifty miles or more from
the city of Chicago, paying into the treasury the sum of One Hundred Dollars
($100.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become
a Non-Resident Life Member. Non-Resident Life Members shall be exempt
from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that
are accorded to members of the Board of Trustees.

Section 9. Any person paying into the treasury of the Museum the sum of
One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) at any one time, shall, upon the vote of the Board,

135

become an Associate Member. Associate Members shall be exempt from all dues,
and shall be entitled to tickets admitting Member and members of family, includ-
ing non-resident home guests; all publications of the Museum issued during the
period of their membership, if so desired; reserved seats for all lectures and enter-
tainments under the auspices of the Museum, provided reservation is requested in
advance; and admission of holder of membership and accompanying party to all
special exhibits and Museum functions day or evening. Any person residing fifty
miles or more from the city of Chicago, paying into the treasury the sum of Fifty
Dollars ($50.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board,
become a Non-Resident Associate Member. Non-Resident Associate Members
shall be exempt from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies
of the Museum that are accorded to Associate Members.

Section 10. Sustaining Members shall consist of such persons as are selected
from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall
pay an annual fee of Twenty-five Dollars ($25.00), payable within thirty days
after notice of election and within thirty days after each recurring annual date.
This Sustaining Membership entitles the Member to free admission for the Mem-
ber and family to the Museum on any day, the Annual Report and such other
Museum documents or publications issued during the period of their membership
as may be requested in writing. When a Sustaining Member has paid the annual
fee of $25.00 for six years, such Member shall be entitled to become an Associate
Member.

Section 11. Annual Members shall consist of such persons as are selected
from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who
shall pay an annual fee of Ten Dollars ($10.00), payable within thirty days after
each recurring annual date. An Annual Membership shall entitle the Member
to a card of admission for the Member and family during all hours when the
Museum is open to the public, and free admission for the Member and family
to all Museum lectures and entertainments. This membership will also entitle
the holder to the courtesies of the membership privileges of every museum of
note in the United States and Canada, so long as the existing system of co-operative
interchange of membership tickets shall be maintained, including tickets for any
lectures given under the auspices of any of the museums during a visit to the cities
in which the co-operative museums are located.

Section 12. All membership fees, excepting Sustaining and Annual, shall
hereafter be applied to a permanent Membership Endowment Fund, the interest
only of which shall be applied for the use of the Museum as the Board of Trustees
may order.

ARTICLE II

BOARD OF trustees

Section 1. The Board of Trustees shall consist of twenty-one members.
The respective members of the Board now in office, and those who shall here-
after be elected, shall hold office during life. Vacancies occurring in the Board
shall be filled at a regular meeting of the Board, upon the nomination of the
Executive Committee made at a preceding regular meeting of the Board, by a
majority vote of the members of the Board present.

Section 2. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held on the third Mon-
day of the month. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President,
and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request of three Trustees.
Five Trustees shall constitute a quorum, except for the election of officers or the
adoption of the Annual Budget, when seven Trustees shall be required, but meet-
ings may be adjourned by any less number from day to day, or to a day fixed,
previous to the next regular meeting.

Section 3. Reasonable written notice, designating the time and place of
holding meetings, shall be given by the Secretary.

ARTICLE III

HONORARY TRUSTEES

Section 1. As a mark of respect, and in appreciation of services performed
for the Institution, any Trustee who by reason of inability, on account of change

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of residence, or for other cause or from indisposition to serve longer in such capa-
city shall resign his place upon the Board, may be elected, by a majority of those
present at any regular meeting of the Board, an Honorary Trustee for life. Such
Honorary Trustee will receive notice of all meetings of the Board of Trustees,
whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings
and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not
have the right to vote.

ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

Section 1. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a
Second Vice-President, a Third Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary
and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a
majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President,
the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President, and the Third Vice-President
shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The meeting
for the election of officers shall be held on the third Monday of January of each
year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting.

Section 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their suc-
cessors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular
meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of
the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting.

Section 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain
to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or
designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees.

ARTICLE V

the treasurer

Section 1. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corpora-
tion, except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon
warrants,, signed by such officer, or officers, or other persons as the Board of
Trustees may from time to time designate.

Section 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the cor-
poration shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to
be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect
the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay
same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company
shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the
joint order of the following officers, namely: the President or one of the Vice-
Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance
Committee of the Museum. The President or any one of the Vice-Presidents,
jointly with either the Chairman or any one of the other members of the Finance
Committee, are authorized and empowered (a) to sell, assign and transfer as a
whole or in part the securities owned by or registered in the name of the Chicago
Natural History Museum, and, for that purpose, to endorse certificates in blank or
to a named person, appoint one or more attorneys, and execute such other instru-
ments as may be necessary, and (b) to cause any securities belonging to this Corpo-
ration now, or acquired in the future, to be held or registered in the name or names
of a nominee or nominees designated by them.

Section 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such
sureties as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees.

Section 4. The Harris Trust & Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Cus-
todian of "The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of the Chicago Natural
History Museum" fund. The bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants
drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or
inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance
Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned
by one of the Vice-Presidents, or any member of the Finance Committee.

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ARTICLE VI

THE DIRECTOR

Section 1. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum,
who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have im-
mediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations
of the Institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Com-
mittees. The Director shall be the official medium of communication between the
Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force.

Section 2. There shall be four scientific Departments of the Museum —
Anthropology, Botany, Geology, and Zoology — each under the charge of a Chief
Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Chief Curators shall be
appointed by the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve
during the pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the scientific Depart-
ments shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation
of the Chief Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have
authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum.

Section 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular
meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At
the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the
work for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet
form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution
in such number as the Board may direct.

ARTICLE VII

THE AUDITOR

Section 1. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office
during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, setting
forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the
Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as
may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all bills
rendered for the expenditure of the money of the Corporation.

ARTICLE VIII

COMMITTEES

Section 1. There shall be five Committees, as follows: Finance, Building,
Auditing, Pension, and Executive.

Section 2. The Finance Committee shall consist of not less than five or more
than seven members, the Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of
three members, and the Building Committee shall consist of five members. All
members of these four Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the
Annual Meeting, and shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are
elected and qualified. In electing the members of these Committees, the Board
shall designate the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the mem-
bers are named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be
Chairman, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named. Second
Vice-Chairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of
the absence or disability of the Chairman.

Section 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the
Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building
Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Committee, the Chairman of the
Pension Committee, and three other members of the Board to be elected by
ballot at the Annual Meeting.

Section 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Com-
mittee, and in all standing Committees two members shall constitute a quorum.
In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of
the regularly elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Com-
mittee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may
summon any members of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee.

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Section 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the
endowment and other funds of the Corporation, and the care of such real estate
as may become its property. It shall have authority to make and alter investments
from time to time, reporting its actions to the Board of Trustees. The Finance
Committee is fully authorized to cause any funds or investments of the Corpora-
tion to be made payable to bearer, and it is further authorized to cause real estate
of the Corporation, its funds and investments, to be held or registered in the name
of a nominee selected by it.

Section 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the con-
struction, reconstruction, and extension of any and all buildings used for Museum
purposes.

Section 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time
to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested to
do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting the
administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular
Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of
each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting
forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make recom-
mendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine maintenance
and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the Board, the expendi-
tures stated are authorized.

Section 8. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all account-
ing and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall cause
the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert individual or
firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm to the Board
at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall have taken
place.

Section 9. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and
processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what
amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings
shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees.

Section 10. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and
proceedings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board.

Section 11. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees
and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Com-
mittee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board.

ARTICLE IX

NOMINATING COMMITTEE

Section 1. At the November meeting of the Board each year, a Nomi-
nating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make
nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Committee,
the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for three members
of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted at the
ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual Meeting
in January.

ARTICLE X

Section 1. Whenever the word "Museum" is employed in the By-Laws of
the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum
as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in
study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books,
and all appurtenances of the Institution and the workings, researches, installa-
tions, expenditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses,
and all scientific and maintenance activities.

Section 2. The By-Laws, and likewise the Articles of Incorporation, may
be amended at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote in favor
thereof of not less than two-thirds of all the members present, provided the
amendment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting.

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