■niKiiniMNi
DEPARTMEIMT
OF LANDS
AND FORESTS
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE MINISTER OF LANDS AND FORESTS
OF THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 1967
//f^.
i LU--uCiJ>^
ACCOUNTS BRANCH
Objectives
1. To provide a complete financial management service to the
Department
2. To maintain a system of property taxation in unorganized
areas of the Province.
3. To perform administrative services assigned.
Organization
Accounts Branch is divided into units with duties and responsi-
bilities as f ollows : -
Accounting: Supervision of accounting for entire department;
preparation of claims under Federal-Provincial agreements;
compilation of costing reports; procedural control and safe
keeping of assets; financial liaison with Treasury Board,
Provincial Auditor, and other Government departments and
agencies .
Revenue: Collection of revenue; maintenance of accounts receiv-
able; supervision of accountable warrant funds; control of
collateral securities; issue of angling and hunting licences
and park permits.
Expenditure : Preparation of payrolls; internal check and payment
of accounts payable; processing of refunds; preparation of
data for Public Accounts.
Budget Preparation and Control : Compilation of estimates and
forecasts; expenditure reporting and control.
Finance and Cost Analyses: Financial evaluation of plans; pre-
paration of statistical and financial reports.
Accounting Systems and Procedures: Development of accounting
systems; preparation of accounting procedural manuals; develo-
pment of costing systems.
Land Tax Administration: Administration of Provincial Land Tax
Act; assessments and appeals.
Internal Audit: Review and appraisal of accounting, financial and
operational controls.
Systems and Procedures: Provide systems improvement program for
entire department.
General : Data processing addressograph and mail services.
FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH
Objectives ?
1. To manage public lands and waters for the maximiim production
of fish and wildlife species compatible with other land and
water uses.
2. To permit the full harvest of the annual increments of fish
and game species on a sustained yield basis.
Organization
Fish and Wildlife Branch is divided into two sections and their
subordinate units with duties and responsibilities as follows:
WILDLIFE
Game Management : Maintain and increase game abundance through
the improvement of habitats and the regulation of seasons.
Includes inventory of game numbers, determining allowable
harvest as well as siirveys of hunters, determine the take of
game. In addition, the Department can enter into agreement
with landowner to undertake habitat manipulation favourable
to desired game species.
Fur Management : Biologically sound management of fur-bearing
animals in order to realize the highest economic returns to
the trappers on a continuing basis. This requires such
procedures as regulation of harvest, studies of habitat con-
ditions, restocking of animals in depleted areas and instruc-
tion of trappers in producing well handled, quality furs.
Field Services: Whole program of the conservation officer and
the regulations; and Hunter Examinations; handling and dis-
position of seizures.
Fur Farms : To regulate the operation of fur farms.
FISHERIES
Game Fish and Hatcheries: Lake and stream surveys; fish population
studies; fish management units; public fishing areas; hatchery
production; fish stocking; and licensing of private hatcheries.
Commercial Fisheries: Licensing of commercial operators; develop-
ment of fisheries in Patricia area under Federal-Provincial
Resources Development Agreement; and compilation of statistics
on fishery effort and production.
FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH
FISHERIES (cont'd)
Indian Liaison: Technical assistance to Indians in liaison with
the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.
Fisheries Inventory: Inventory of the waters of the province;
organization and coordination of the field programs; implemen-
tation of data processing systems to utilize inventory infor-
mation for biological, economic and other uses.
FOREST PROTECTION BRANCH
Objectives
1. To protect Provincial forest lands against damage by fire and
pests, to the degree warranted by requirements for wood pro-
ducts, recreation and other public needs.
2. To protect life and property from forest fires.
3. To encourage and promote the protection of privately-owned
forest lands.
4. To provide flying and communication services and to administer
the construction and equipment program for the Department.
Organization
Forest Protection Branch is divided into two sections and their
subordinate units with duties and responsibilities as follows :-
FOREST PROTECTION
Forest Fire Control: Administration of the Forest Fires Prevention
Act; organization of fire districts and the fire warden system;
Supervision of fire control planning and preparedness; fire
prevention programs including a system of travel, fire and
work permits; co-operative fire prevention and control agree-
ments with Municipalities, Railways, Forest Industries and
other agencies; detection of forest fires and fire danger
warnings; training of staff and co-operators in fire control
techniques; prescribed burning; co-ordination of fire suppress-
ion, movement of resources and emergency arrangements.
Forest Pest Control: Prevention and control of damage by insects,
diseases and other pests aflacting forests under Department
management; advisory services'.
Communications : Planning, installation and operation of radio,
telephone and teletype services for fire control and other
Department requirements; construction of specialized communic-
ation equipment .
Plant and Equipment : Planning, budgeting and supervision of Depart-
mental construction, equipment and signprograms; inventory of
Department establishments; liaison with Department of Public
Works; prescribing equipment complements, maintenance and re-
placement standards; vehicle records, licensing and insurance.
FOREST PROTECTION BRANCH
AIR SERVICE
Operates a fleet of aircraft to meet flying requirements of
the Department and special needs of other Government Departments;
selection and training of pilots and air engineers; deployment
of aircraft and crews; establishment of air bases; fuel distri-
bution and caches; selection of aircraft equipment and develop-
ment of special equipment; leasing and disposition of helicopters
and other aircraft; checking pilot proficiency and the overhaul
and maintenance of aircraft.
LANDS AND SURVEYS BRANCH
Objectives
1. To administer and dispose of public lands, including lands
under water and water power sites.
2. To develop and implement Land Use plans and to acquire lands
as the plans require.
3. To conduct Crown surveys, maintain survey records and provide
mapping services.
4. To undertake engineering consultation, studies and planning
for fish and wildlife projects.
Organization
Lands and Surveys Branch is divided into four sections with
duties and responsibilities as' follows :-
LANDS
Administration of public lands and their disposition by sale,
patent, vesting order, quit claim deed, lease, licence of occu-
pation, or land use permit; release of reservations in patents,
assignments and cancellations; reservation of lands for public
and government uses; and maintenance of Wilderness Areas.
LAND ACQUISITION AND PLANNI^a
Recommendations and applications for purchase of private lands
for public uses; deveiopi;?ent and co-ordination of land use plans
in all districts for r.anagerrent of renewable, natural resources;
Recreational Land Inventory Sector of Canada Land Inventory;
co-ordination of departmental A.R.D.A. projects; and liaison with
Department of Agriculture and Food on private lands.
SURVEYS
Examination, reccrdinr ?nd custody of original plans and field
notes of restoration of original Crown survey points, retracement
and Municipal surveys, and surveys of Crown Lands for disposition;
map compilation; authorization of geographical names; distribution
of maps, publications and copies of survey records.
ENGINEERING
Approval of dams; licences of occupation for dams, flooding and
diversions; water resource management; issuance and servicing of
Water Power Lease Agreements; engineering consultations; feasi-
bility studies, inspections, reports, planning for fish culture
LANDS AND SURVEYS BRANCH
ENGINEERING (cont'd)
stations, Wetland developments, fishways and other fish and
wildlife projects; access roads.
PARKS BRANCH
Objectives
1. To reserve areas and establish Provincial Parks that will
accommodate existing and anticipated demands of recreational
educational activities usually associated with the natural
environment; to preserve important or unusual features of
natural or historical significance.
2. To preserve the natural and historical environment of parks
by permitting only those activities that will not alter the
basic environment for which the Park is intended and by
providing only the facilities necessary for the well-being
of park visitors and the enjoyment of outdoor activities.
3. To promote in park visitors an appreciation of park enviro-
ments and an inspirational enjoyment of nature.
Organization
Parks Branch is divided into three sections and their subordinate
units with duties and responsibilities as follows :-
RECREATIONAL PLANNING
Responsible for long range planning for parks and related public
recreational areas and activities, including analysis and pro-
jection of demand, determination of land requirements, preparation
of provincial and regional recreation plans and rer^ation research
to provide essential planning information.
PARK PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
Production of detailed Provincial Park Master Plans and control
of all park development according to an approved design; Planning
and control of all park water supplies and sanitary installations;
Design and construction control of all park buildings and structures,
PARK MANAGEMENT
Establishment and control of standards of park operations; super-
vision of operating expenditures and revenues; preparation of
operation concession agreements; compilation of park use data.
Establishment, operation and maintenance of interpretive programs--
museums, exhibit centres, illustrated talks, conducted trips,
interpretive trails and publications.
RESEARCH BRANCH
Objectives
1. To provide management branches with useful, tested
information on forest, fishery and wildlife resources.
2. To develop management techniques.
Organization
The Research Branch is divided into four sections and their
subordinate units with the following functions and responsibilities.
FORESTRY SECTION
Silviculture Unit: Studies of forest culture, reproduction and
growth of important tree species and associated vegetation;
logging effects on forest stands; cultural herbicides;
controlled fires; seeding and planting.
Site Unit: Evaluation of soil features, climate and nutrients.
Tree Breeding Unit: Selection and breeding of forest trees of
superior -uality and resistance to disease.
Reforestation Unit: Studies of nursery problems and of planting
and care of plantations.
Other Units: Wood Quality: Forest Mensuration and Statistics:
Forest Economics: l^Hiite Pine Blister Rust.
FISHERIES SECTION
Great Lakes Unit: P-'.tes of growth, reproduction and mortality
of commercial and game fish in lakes Huron, Erie and
Ontario-
Game Fish Unit: Lake trout, brook trout, small mouth bass and
walleye.
Selective Breeding Unit: Development of brook trout-lake trout
hybrid which can survive in presence of sea lampreys.
Other Units: Lake Productivity-classification of productive
capacity based on chemical fertility, Parasites-identification
and assessment of effects. Limnology-physical and
chemical characteristics of lakes.
RESEARCH BRANCH
i^VILDLIFE SECTION
Big Game Unit: V/hite tailed deer, moose and upland caribou,
Predator Unit: Timber wolves.
Upland Game and v/aterfowl Unit: Small animals and birds, such
as rabbits and pheasants.
Diseases and Parasites Unit: Identification, frequency, distribution
and effects.
Fur-Bearers Unit: Habits, behaviour and effects of environment
on animals such as beaver and marten.
iviechanical section
Development, improvement and testing of equipment and
instruments to meet special needs of Department,
TIMBER BRANCH
Objectives
1. To pi'ovide through sound forest management practices
the highest possible yields of the Crown forests consistent
with the economic requirements of forest industry and
the general welfare of the citizens of Untario.
2. To encourage the expansion of forest industry to fully
utilize the productive capacity of the forest.
3. To encourage sound forest management on privately owned
woodlands.
Organization
Timber Brancli is divided into three sections and their subordinate
units with duties and responsibilities as follows.
REFOiIESTaTION
Tree Production and Distribution: Production and treatment of
genetically superior tree seed; establishment of seed
production areas; and production and distribution of
quality planting stock.
Agreement Forest Administration: Administration of management
agreements and assistance and advice to municipalities.
Private Land Forestry: Forestry service for landowners.
SILVICULTURE
Forest Rof^ources Inyemt-ory: Continuing program Aerial re-
phoLo.tjraphy- field sampling; photo and interpretation
ai.d mc-p revision; compilation of inventory reports and
map3 for Crovrn Management Units; checking of Company
ManageTient Units inventory data; determination of
productive areas on timber licences; preparation of contour
plans; and Air Photo Library and map photo service.
Silvicultural Operations: Direction of the regeneration and
stand improvement programs on Crown lands and on lands
acquired for management under agreement.
Tli^IBER BRANCH
■•IMBER
Management Planning;: Supervision of management plans prepared
by Departinent staff; preparation of planning manuals
and volume tables; calculation of allowable cuts; and
the construction of access roads on Crown lands.
Sale of Timber; Issuance of timber licences; preparation of
fiiial returns for collection of stumpage charges; and
compilation of cut statistics.
Scaling: Measurement of timber cut; development of new methods
of measurement; and licensing and registration of scalers.
"•^rketing and Forest Economics: Encouragement of promotion of
"industrial exoansion; assistance to firms in plant
location studies; analysis of economic implications of
choice of action; mill licensing; publication of a
directory and primary wood-using industries and of regional
studies of timber availability; compilation of forestry
statistics c
LAW BRANCH
Objectives
1. To provide legal counsel and services for the Department.
2. To maintain services of the Patents Office.
The duties and responsibilities of Law Branch may be summarized
as follows :-
Policy: Establishing and reviewing Department policy with
respect to legislation, regulations or administration; and
integrating Department policies into those of the Government.
Interpretation of statites and regulations.
Advice to branches and field offices on the legal position of
the Department in all matters affecting it.
Preparation and Processing of agreements; briefs, opinions and
memoranda on special subjects; leases; legislation; licences;
office consolidations of statutes and regulations; pleadings;
recommendations to Council; and regulations under the various
statutes administered by the Department.
Services (miscellaneous) : collection of bad accounts; conducting
litigation; conveyancing; representing the Department as
Counsel in Provincial Land Tax Appeals; settlements of claims
and disputes; and title searching.
Liaison with federal officials on matters concerning fisheries;
federal canal systems, harbours and lands; and Indian
reserves and rights of Indians, particularly regarding
hunting and fishing.
Pat ent s Of f i c e s : maintenance of records of Crown land; advising
the public on records; compilation of statistics; cancellation
of Crown land sales; domesday books; forfeitures; leases;
licences; and preparation and engrossing of documents dispos-
ing of Crown land including leases, letters patent and
licences of occupation.
OPERATIONS BRANCH
Objectives
1. To promote public understanding of Department activities and
objectives in the management of Ontario's renewable, natural
resources.
2. To develop and promote good safety practices in forest work,
in recreational activities on public lands and waters, and
in all Department operations.
3. To effect efficiency in purchasing and in other, assigned
services performed for branches and field offices.
Organization
Operations Branch is divided into six sections with duties and
responsibilities as follows :-
Office Management: Inventory of major equipment; licensing of
boats; production of circulars and bulletins; Crown land
records and microfilming; uniform records and issues.
Purchasing: Purchasing of equipment, supplies and services;
filling requisitions; leases and rentals; arrangements for
travel and conferences.
Central Supply Warehouse: Receipt, security and distribution of
equipment, supplies, uniforms and printed material; dupli-
cating and collating of forms, letters, bills and reports;
and distribution of licences and publications.
Conservation Information: Publications for public and special
groups; weekly and special press releases; articles and
background material for outside agencies; display and
classified advertisements; photo, slide and cut services;
reference library and slipping service; and supply of infor-
mation to public.
Conservation Education: Display material for Department exhibits;
production and purchase of motion films for general showing
and for television; film supply service; program material for
radio and television; lecture service.
Accident Control: Administration of the Logger's Safety Act;
Hunter Safety Program; safety program in Provincial Parks;
staff safety; first aid program; and Workmen's Compensation.
PERSONNEL BRANCH
Objectives
1. To provide adequate, competent staff for the Department.
2. To encourage good job performance through a career concept
based on promotion, in service academic and technical
training and up-to-date position classification.
Organization
Personnel Branch is divided into five sub-sections with duties
and responsibilities as follows :-
Employment : Recruitment of staff, including Junior Forest Rangers;
recruiting activities at universities and technical schools;
job advertising; transfers and promotions; establishment and
complement control.
Classification and Job Evaluation: Identification of positions;
analyses and recommendations of classes; preparation of
position specifications and organization charts; salary-
surveys; and assignment of qualified employees to positions.
Training and Special Assignments: Department training courses;
arranging for employees to attend courses given by outside
agencies; liaison with Ontario Forest Technical School and
Educational Leave Committee; processing of employee grievances;
special assignments.
Employee Relations: Counselling of employees; improvement of
communications between field and head office staffs; investi-
gations of problems relating to personnel; liaison with
Staff Relations Branch. Treasury Board and Civil Service
Association of Ontario.
Office Management : Personnel and attendance reports; leave of
absence recommendations; processing of nominations; separations;
group insurance; merit increases; accelerated increases and
salary revisions.
3EPAFTTIVIENT OF LANDS AIMED FORESTS
HE DETAILED
\NNUAL REPORT
F THE MINISTER OF LANDS AND FORESTS
F THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO
OR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 1967
€2
V
TO HIS HONOUR,
The Lieutenant-Governor
of the Province of Ontario.
MAY IT PLEASE YOUR HONOUR
The undersigned begs respectfully to present to your Honour, the
Annual Report of the Department of Lands and Forests for the
fiscal year beginning April 1st, 1966, and ending March 31, 1967.
RENE BRUNELLE
Minister
COIMTEIMTS
PERSONNEL BRANCH
LANDS AND SURVEYS BRANCH
Lands
Land Acquisition and Planning
Surveys
Engineering
PARKS BRANCH
Recreational Planning
Park Planning and Development
Park Management
RESEARCH BRANCH
Fisheries
Forestry
Wildlife
Mechanical Research
LAW BRANCH
page
4
6
6
6
7
7
15
15
16
19
20
21
OPERATIONS BRANCH
Purchasing
Office Management
Central Supply Warehouse
Conservation Information
Conservation Education
Accident Control
FOREST PROTECTION BRANCH
Forest Protection
Air Service
FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH
Wildlife
Fisheries
ACCOUNTS BRANCH
TIMBER BRANCH
Reforestation
Silviculture
Timber
PERSONNEL BRANCH
OBJECTIVES
1. To provide adequate, competent staff for the Department.
2. To encourage good job performance through a career
concept based on promotion, in service academic and
technical training and up-to-date position classification.
ORGANIZATION
Personnel Branch is divided into five sections with duties
and responsibilities as follows.
Employment: Recruitment of staff, including Junior Forest
Rangers; recruiting activities at universities and technical
schools; job advertising; transfers and promotions; estab-
lishment and complement control.
Classification and Job Evaluation: Identification of positions;
analyses recommendations of classes; preparation of posi-
tion specifications and organization charts; salary surveys;
and assignment of qualified employees to positions.
Training and Special Assignments: Department training
courses; arranging for employees to attend courses given
by outside agencies; liaison with Ontario Forest Technical
School and Educational Leave Committee; processing of
employee grievances; special assignments.
Employee Relations: Counselling of employees; improve-
ment of communications between field and head office
staffs; investigations of problems relating to personnel;
liaison with Staff Relations Branch, Treasury Board and Civil
Service Association of Ontario.
Office Management: Personnel and attendance reports;
leave of absence recommendations; processing of nomina-
tions; separations; group insurance; merit increases;
accelerated increases and salary revisions.
TRAINING
Some 86 students graduated from the Ontario Forest Tech-
nical School Diploma Course in 1%6. Of these, 81 had
applied independently; one was sponsored by the Indian
Affairs Branch of the Department of Citizenship and Immi-
gration, Ottawa; one was sponsored by the External Aid
Office, Ottawa; and three were sponsored by the Ontario
Department of Lands and Forests.
A total of 151 students were enrolled for the 1%7 Diploma
Course, still in progress. Of these, 146 applied independ-
ently; four were sponsored by Department of Lands and
Forests; and one by the Indian Affairs Branch, Ottawa.
Other courses given at the Ontario Forest Technical School
were as follows:
COURSE STUDENTS
Deer and Moose Aging (13) 194
Fire Investigation 37
Fire Suppression (8) 90
Fish and Wildlife Certificate 25
Fish and Wildlife Enforcement Training 30
Photo Interpretation 11
Scaling (3) 135
Supervisory Course for Chief Rangers 59
Timber Certificate 26
GRIEVANCES
A total of 34 employee grievances were submitted during the
fiscal year. Of these, 15 were resolved by the Department or
withdrawn, nine were still outstanding, five were heard by ,
the Classification Rating Committee (three upheld and two
dismissed) and five by the Public Service Grievance Board
(all five dismissed). Some 26 of these grievances were con-
cerned with classification, and eight with working conditions
and terms of employment.
RECRUITMENT
The recruitment program for foresters, biologists, forestry
technicians and conservation officers covered 16 universities
and four ranger schools, together with job advertising in
printed media across Canada. The response has been grati-
ifying as a number of foresters, biologists, and forestry tech-
nicians have joined the full-time staff.
Summer work projects in forestry and biology were staffed
with university and ranger school undergraduates in related
courses. This provided career minded students with an
opportunity to become acquainted with the Department's
work programs, and gain useful experience.
Information concerning salaries, job opportunities and the .
Province of Ontario was sent to an additional 27 ranger and '
forest technical schools in Canada, United States, Scandi-j F'
navian countries and France in an attempt to publish cur-l
rent career opportunities. { .
DISPOSITION OF PERSONNEL '
F. MacDougall retired on June 16, 1966 after 25 years as
Deputy Minister of the Department of Lands and Forests.
He was succeeded by G. H. U. Bayly, who had served as
Assistant Deputy Minister since 1957.
G. H. Ferguson, Q.C., was appointed Chief, Law Branch, on
July 28, 1966 after serving as Supervisor since December,'
1957.
P. Addison was appointed Chief, Parks Branch, on January
1, 1%7.
A. J. Herridge was appointed Director, North-Eastern Region,'
on January 1, 1967.
J. M. Taylor was appointed Chief, Personnel Branch, on
January 1, 1967.
D. R. Wilson was appointed Director, Southern Region, on
January 1, 1967. i
The disposition of senior administrative staff as of March
31, 1967 was as follows:
Assistant Deputy Minister: R. D. K. Acheson.
Regional Directors: A. J. Herridge (North-Eastern); L. Ring-,,
ham (North-Western); D. R. Wilson (Southern). j
Regional Forester: T. W. Hueston.
Branch Chiefs: P. Addison (Parks); Dr. C. H. D. Clarke (Fish
and Wildlife); R. G. Code (Lands and Surveys); G. H. Fer-
guson, Q.C. (Law); A. P. Leslie (Research); R. R. MacBean
(Accounts); M. B. Morison (Timber); P. 0. Rhynas (Opera-
tions); J. M. Taylor (Personnel); J. M. Whalen (Forest
Protection).
District Foresters: M. A. Adamson (Parry Sound); J. S. Ball
(Sault Ste. Marie); R. A. Balkwill (Fort Frances); R. A. Baxter
(Sioux Lookout); W. H. Charlton (Kenora); W. B. M. Clarke
(North Bay); I. B. Earl (Gogamai; L. H. Eckel (Cochrane);
D. A. Fawcett (Kapuskasing); D. E. Gage (Geraldton); F. L
Hall (Lake Huron); G. A. Hamilton (Sudbury); J. D. Hughes
(Swastika); J. R. Keddie (Chapleau); A. W. Leman (Lake .
Simcoe); J. W. Lockwood (Lake Erie); G. A. McCormack "
(White River); N. D. Patrick (Tweed); F. E. Sider (Pembroke);
W. L. Sleeman (Port Arthur); W. A. G. Thurston (Kemptville);
A. E. Walroth (Lindsay).
Ontario Forest Technical School Director: Q. F. Hess.
Table 1
TOTAL STAFF AS OF MARCH 31, 1967
Unclassified
Regular Probationary Staff Total
Head Office 581 94 55 730
Field 1,689 203 722 2,614
2^0 297 777 3,344 ^
Total complement of regular and probationary positions
as at March 31, 1967 3,021
Total regular and probationary staff as at March 31, 1967 2,567
Total vacancies in complement as at March 31, 1967 454
Table 2
NUMBER OF PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYEES ON STAFF AS AT MARCH 31, 1967
Foresters biologists Civil Engineers Miscellaneous Total
" 235 80 7 55 377
Number of Ontario Forest Ranger School Graduates on Staff
as at March 31, 1967 1,217
Number of Licensed Scalers on staff as at March 31, 1967 835
Table 3
TOTAL NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES ON STAFF
FOR EACH MONTH OF THE 1966-67 FISCAL YEAR
HEAD OFFICE FIELD
Grand
1966 Reg. Prob. Unclass. Total Reg. Prob. Unclass. Total Total
April 589 60 43 692 1702 159 1^09 3,570 4,262
May 584 66 61 711 1,718 139 3,286 5,143 5,854
June 605 61 97 763 1,701 126 3,803 5,630 6,393
July 586 69 95 750 1,711 134 4,214 6,059 6,809
Aug. 588 78 99 765 1,702 140 4,474 6,316 7,081
Sept. 587 79 64 730 1,696 144 3,232 5,072 5,802
Oct. 588 80 53 721 1,690 148 2,162 4,000 4,721
Nov. 587 83 25 695 1,691 153 1,363 3,207 3,902
Dec. 586 83 26 695 1,677 162 1,027 2,866 3,561
1967
Jan. 591 90 59 740 1,670 162 931 2,763 3,503
Feb. 592 91 62 745 1,677 182 768 2,627 3,372
Mar. 581 94 55 730 1,689 203 722 2,614 3,344
Average 589 77 62 728 1^694 154 2,307 4,155 4,883
Table 4
STAFF TURNOVER OF REGULAR AND PROBATIONARY EMPLOYEES
DURING FISCAL YEAR 1966-67
Transfers
Super- Inter-
Resigned Dismissed Retired Died annuated Department Totals
" Head Office 50 ^3 2 2 3 ~4 64
Field 91 1 1 7 20 8 128
Total 141 4 ~ 3~ 9~ 23 12 192
Note: The staff turnover for the fiscal year was 7.7%. This is the ratio of separations
to total regular and probationary staff.
Table 5
NEW EMPLOYEES HIRED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR 1966-67
Male Female Total
He^d Office 41 27 68~
Field 126 32 158
Total 167 59 226
Table 6
TOTAL PERSONNEL ON STAFF
Regular Probationary Unclassified
March 31, 1%7
March 31, 1%6 2,281 225 985
LANDS AIMD SURVEYS BRANCH
OBJECTIVES
1. To maintain a rational basis for Crown land retention,
and disposal to maximize the social and economic bene-
fits of land use, including the natural environment for
recreation.
2. To develop, implement and maintain Land Use Plans
which reflect the capacity of the land, the needs of people
and economic realities in order to meet the above objec-
tives and to aid in the establishment of land acquisition
needs and priorities.
3. To conduct Crown surveys, maintain survey records and
provide mapping services.
4. To undertake engineering consultation, studies and plan-
ning for fish and wildlife projects.
ORGANIZATION
Lands and Surveys Branch is divided into four sections with
duties and responsibilities as follows.
LANDS
Administration of public lands and their disposition by sale,
patent, vesting order, quit claim deed, lease, licence of
occupation, or land use permit; release of reservations in
patents, assignments and cancellations; reservation of lands
for public and government uses; and maintenance of wilder-
ness areas.
LAND ACQUISITION AND PLANNING
Recommendations and applications for purchase of private
lands for public uses; development and co-ordination of
land use plans in all districts for the management of re-
newable, natural resources; Recreational Land Inventory
Sector of Canada Land Inventory; co-ordination of depart-
mental A.R.D.A. projects; and liaison with Department of
Agriculture and Food on private lands and other Depart-
ments on the socio-economic implications of land use
objectives.
SURVEYS
Examination, recording and custody of original plans and
field notes of restoration of original Crown survey points,
retracement and Municipal surveys, and surveys of Crown
lands for disposition; map compilation; authorization of
geographical names; distribution of maps, publications and
copies of survey records.
ENGINEERING
Approval of dams; licences of occupation for dams; floodinj
and diversions; water resource management; issuance an(
servicing of Water Power Lease Agreements; engineerini
consultations; feasibility studies, inspections, reports, plan
ning for fish culture stations, wetland developments, fish
ways and other fish and wildlife projects; access roads.
LANDS SECTION
The uses for public lands are becoming more diversifiec
and more dependent on and related to other areas of publi(
administration. This has led to increased liaison and co
operation with people concerned with public health, wate
pollution, roads and land use planning in other Department:
of Government
More agricultural land is going out of production annually
This trend is illustrated by the very minor demand now fo
public land for farming. Only eight- applications for suet
land received favourable consideration during the year.
Those areas of the Province which are without municipa
organization and where there is a high demand for land fo
residential or other private uses, may be designated as re
stricted areas under the terms of Section 16 of the Publi(
Lands Act. This Section gives to the Minister the authority
to control buildings and other improvements on the land
It has proved to be an effective control in preventing th(
haphazard development of new communities. In collabora
tion with the Department of Municipal Affairs, two nev
restricted areas were established during the year and rea
progress was made toward developing several new town
sites. It is anticipated that there will be a further expansior
in restricted areas next year and there will be considerable
increase in the number of improvement authorizations.
For reasons of sanitation and health it is accepted that <
residential lot without sewer and water services should havt
a minimum area of not less than 15,000 square feet.
Interest in summer cottage lots continued to increase
through the year, and resulted in a pronounced increase ir
the number of sales. Because of comparative scarcity anc
high demand, the few lots which became available withii
150 miles of Toronto were sold by public auction. Public
land suitable for summer cottage development will becomt
increasingly scarce in southern Ontario. The lake develop-,
ment plan program was expanded during the year. WorW
done by the Ontario Land Inventory under the Federal-i
Provincial A.R.D.A. Agreement, has facilitated this progranfij
Increased interest was shown in commercial summer resorlj
properties. There was a steady demand for land for gollj
courses and ski locations and an increased demand fromi
service companies for land for pipelines, power and tele-i
phone lines, radio and television communications. |
There has been an increasing interest in regard to wate^l
lot occupations and ownership of beach lands, particularly
in the older, settled parts of Ontario.
LAND ACQUISITION AND PLANNING SECTION i
Subsequent to the announcement of the Land Acquisition!
program in 1962, this Department has acquired 93,356 acreS|
of land for water access points, district improvements,
p
general recreation (day use), parks, timber management,
wilderness areas, nature reserves and wildlife management
, purposes.
i This year, Treasury Board approved 53 proposals covering
' the acquisition of 71,887.95 acres, and an additional 46
. proposals were approved for the acquisition of 43,329 acres
by the Ontario Parks Integration Board. The number of acres
acquired this fiscal year amounted to 18,845.71, while almost
66,000 acres in total were considered and subsequently
rejected.
A total of 66 leases located in Rondeau and Algonquin Parks
and Wasaga Beach comprising over 25 acres were pur-
chased. Some 715 acres of land were donated to the Crown
for use as park and public recreation areas.
Since the institution of the Federal-Provincial A.R.D.A. Cost-
Sharing Program in 1964-65, the Province has acquired
25,522.15 acres of land under the agreement. This fiscal year
15,694.05 acres of land were acquired in five projects under
the A.R.D.A. Agreement for timber and wildlife management
purposes. Also pending approval, are proposals pertaining
to 10 parks, seven wildlife management areas, and six
' timber management areas.
I At March 31, 1967, some 40 per cent of the lake shore areas
i and all of the inventory for the portion of Ontario below the
43rd parallel has been completed under the Recreation Land
I Inventory sector of the Canada Land Inventory. This capa-
bility inventory will be of great value in determining which
! Crown lands should be reserved for public use, and in
assessing areas of private land which should be purchased
I for public use.
SURVEYS SECTION
CARTOGRAPHY
Work of the Cartographic Subsection is divided into two
areas of endeavour: compilation and production of new and
revised editions of maps; and research, investigation and
application of geographic names to geographical features
in Ontario.
In pursuit of the objective to produce a total of 21 maps in
a provincial topographic series on a scale 1 inch = 2 miles
to cover areas in Northern Ontario, map sheets designated
Hornepayne, Calstock, Taradale, Obakamiga Lake, Timmins
and Gogama were printed. Revised editions of one eight-
mile, one four-mile and three miscellaneous maps were
produced, together with the last in a series of four surficial
geology maps.
Editing of nomenclature on maps produced by federal and
provincial mapping agencies was continued, and more than
600 new geographical names were recommended to the
Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names
I for approval, in addition to names either altered or
' rescinded as a result of toponymy research by field officers
of the Geographical Branch, Department of Energy, Mines
and Resources, Ottawa.
LEGAL SURVEYS
Legal Surveys Subsection carries out drafting and plan
examination, and prepares instructions for surveys carried
out by departmental surveyors, as well as for all surveys
carried out by private surveyors to meet the needs of
the retracement, restoration, subdivision and inspection
programs.
Drafting of area plans, special maps and charts, legal survey
plans resulting from departmental field survey activities,
graphic illustrations, and redrafting of township plans on a
scale 1 inch = 20 chains continued. In addition, the loca-
. tion and extent of all new alienations of Crown land con-
i tinued to be plotted on township or area plans in order to
maintain a graphic illustration of the status of land through-
out the Province.
All plans of survey or plans compiled from available in-
formation leading to any form of alienation of Crown land
were examined for compliance with statutes and depart-
mental policy. These plans included surveyed individual
summer resort, commercial or industrial locations, water
lots and Crown subdivisions. In addition, returns from
surveys carried out under instruction such as retracement,
restoration and municipal surveys, which did not lead to
alienation, were examined for compliance with statutes and
instructions.
Field surveys for administrative purposes were carried out
by field survey crews, with headquarters in Toronto, operat-
ing principally in the northern part of southern Ontario.
These crews were engaged in determination of encroach-
ment on Crown land and extent of ambiguous Crown grants,
retracement, inspection and park surveys, together with
other miscellaneous surveys.
SURVEY RECORDS AND MAP DISTRIBUTION
Custody of survey records and reproduction for sale and
distribution and sale of maps and publications produced by
the Department, as well as sale of maps produced by the
Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, are main
responsibilities discharged by the subsection.
Distribution of the Provincial Topographic Map Series more
than doubled over the previous year, and an increase
occurred in the distribution of map sheets in the National
Topographic Map Series mainly due to an issue of new and
revised sheets in the 1:25,000, 1:50,000 and 1:250,000 scale
series. It has been noted a decrease in distribution of the
territorial map series takes place as the popularity of the
smaller topographic map series increases, and as new or
updated sheets become available.
The quantity of sensitized reproduction material consumed
for copying various topographic map and township tracings,
Georgian Bay Island map sheets, summer cottage lot sub-
divisions and other miscellaneous plans, as well as sur-
veyors' field notes, by the contact dry process and by photo-
graphic reproduction methods remained approximately the
same as in the previous year.
The number of public inquiries requiring a search of
original plans and field notes of surveys of Crown lands
increased substantially during the year, as people sought
historical information for Centennial projects.
ENGINEERING SECTION
The Engineering Section continues to provide management
of water resources through approval of dams under The
Lakes and Rivers Improvement Act, determination of the
terms and conditions, and preoaration of water power lease
agreements under The Water Power Regulation Act, admini-
stration of licences of occupation for dams constructed
principally for log driving purposes, and administration of
the reconstruction of old dams. In addition, special engin-
eering consultation services were provided in hatchery
design and construction, and fisheries and waterfowl man-
agement projects.
ACCESS ROADS
Some 1,850 miles of forest access roads were maintained
during the fiscal year, which is an increase of 331 miles
over the previous year, and represents an increase of 100
per cent over the total number of miles of road maintained
during the fiscal year ending March 31st, 1964.
The criterion for eligibility for maintenance has not been
broadened to include roads other than those used by the
Department of pursuit of its programs, but has increased
steadily as the Department's capital road construction
program has expanded, and reflects to a degree the new
policy to maintain some abandoned logging roads where it
is in the interest of the Department to do so.
PARKS BFRAIMCH
OBJECTIVES
1. To provide outdoor space in which the people of Ontario
may enjoy the recreational pursuits usually associated
with the natural environment.
2. To establish Provincial Parks to provide outdoor space
where it is needed and to preserve important or unusual
features of natural or historical significance.
3. To reserve areas for future use to meet anticipated
demands.
4. To preserve the natural environment of parks by restrict-
ing practices which would alter the environment, and by
providing only the facilities necessary for the well-being
of park visitors and the enjoyment of outdoor activities.
5. To promote in park visitors an appreciation of park
features and the inspirational enjoyment of nature.
ORGANIZATION
Parks Branch is divided into three sections and their
subordinate units with duties and responsibilities as follows.
RECREATIONAL PLANNING !
Responsible for long range planning for parks and related
public recreational areas and activities, including analysis
and projection of demand, determination of land require-
ments, preparation of provincial and regional recreation
plans and recreation research to provide essential planning
information.
PARK PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
Production of detailed Provincial Park master plans and
control of all park development according to an approved
design; planning and control of all park water supplies and
sanitary installations; design and construction control of
all park buildings and structures.
PARK MANAGEMENT
Establishment and control of standards of park operations:
supervision of operating expenditures and revenues; pre-
paration of operation concession agreements; compilation
of park use data.
Interpretive: Establishment, operation and maintenance of
interpretive programs — museums, exhibit centres, illus-
trated talks, conducted trips, interpretive trails and
publications.
PARK USAGE
During the past fiscal year, 92 Provincial Parks were oper-
ated, including three new parks — Arrowhead, Ferris and
North Beach. Approximately 3% million acres of Provincial
Park land was available for the enjoyment of the public. A
further 500,000 acres is designated as reserve for future
development as Provincial Parks.
The 1966 season was the most successful operating season
in the history of Provincial Parks in Ontario. Visitations in-
creased over the previous year by 10 per cent to an all-time
high of 9,791.671. Camper use increased by seven per cent,
providing some 2,653,035 camper days. A total of 994,787
campers were recorded by permit in 1966. Although park
fees remained unchanged, revenue increased some $215,000
to a total of $2,100,000 in 1%6.
M
I
10
8
L 7
6
' 5
I 4
O 3
2
" 1
S 0
9.IM.97S
Starting in 1963, the number of
c»mper« ahown on renewal c»mp»i
permits were not included In the
^
aS26.44S '"
"
aS7s.&&
»
total c
amper statiatl
ca.
1 8 20^94-^
tJIS.JTO y
&10<i.SM^^-
vnawj— - —
\1il.*tO '^
Ml*,«.l ^^
^
^
UC2.t»3
I.0C3,|27
8A0.49I
9IC,2SI
SOJ.47C.
994,787
Ifci, Oil .
zn.ias
419,0fc5
S92,I0S
-'■
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
VISITORS
CA M^IRS
PARK DEVELOPMENT
Development appropriations were increased to $2,500,000,
resulting in an additional 1,000 campsites, 23 comfort
stations, 18 trailer dumping stations, eight major water and
sewerage systems, and expanded parking area and beach
development. This expansion took place in existing Pro-
vincial Parks and as part of initial development of four
parks to be opened in the 1967-1968 fiscal year period.
HUNTING IN PARKS
Public hunting was continued in a number of Provincial
Parks in southern Ontario — an area where such grounds
are limited and demand is high. Waterfowl hunting under
licence was permitted in Presqu'ile, Darlington, Holiday
Beach, Long Point and Rondeau. Put and take pheasant
hunting was very popular at Presqu'ile, Darlington and
Sibbald Point parks this year. Hunting is not permitted in
parks except those covered by regulations under The Game
and Fish Act.
Table 1
RECORD OF PARK USE 1965 AND 1966
Administrative District and Park Name
LAKE ERIE
Clay Creek
Holiday Beach
Ipperwash
Long Point
Pinery
Rock Point
Rondeau
Turkey Point
Wheatley
LAKE HURON
Craigleith
Inverhuron
Point Farms
Sauble Falls
LAKE SIMCOE
Bass Lake
Devils Glen
Earl Rowe
Mara
Sibbald Point
Six Mile Lake
Springwater
Wasaga Beach
KEMPTVILLE
Fitzroy
Rideau River
Silver Lake
South Nation
LINDSAY
Balsam Lake
Darlington
Emily
Mark S. Burnham
Presqu'ile
Serpent Mounds
PEMBROKE
Algonquin
, Carson Lake
Driftwood
TWEED
Black Lake
Bon Echo
Lake St. Peter
Outlet Beach
Sandbanks
NORTH BAY
Antoine
Finlayson Point
Marten River
Samuel de Champlain
TOTAL VISITORS
1965 1966
37,424
31,279
182,238
165,197
180,590
163,906
309,710
225,210
333,235
552,566
23,373
21,231
591,140
820,603
347,620
112,642
69,769
84,102
61,097
72,237
123,184
181,895
52,631
95,397
114,168
90,045
123,201
132,249
69,087
70,659
80,173
83,141
50,685
57,860
304,372
297,986
112,001
111,592
97,232
75,563
969,056
1,037,941
77,404
128,872
245,575
216,106
92,261
87,746
40,729
26,745
6,793
_
130,325
149,946
147,832
153,360
16,345
18,034
187,510
298,878
137,449
143,163
505,901
571,614
4,557
4,800
7,788
9,566
47,466
69,632
88,152
77,272
24,428
34,884
409,766
414,029
18,300
54,590
16,206
9,029
39,981
36,000
132,316
130,000
56,890
50,986
TOTAL CAMPERS
1955
1966
1,737
1,875
4,261
4,494
16,764
15,888
22,750
24,529
51,805
58,422
3,445
4,601
32,261
33,641
15,776
16,645
2,692
4,924
12,271
13,847
16,570
19,182
5,933
8,080
11,517
12,058
14,425
18,357
2,921
2,745
6,008
6,973
4,472
6,229
31,832
33,475
13,010
14,132
7,789
10,324
18,017
11,847
16,454
11,461
4,252
3,956
6,793
8,647
14,597
17,515
12,875
11,549
21,195
32,729
13,307
13,077
73,575
77,233
3,012
3,466
4,712
6,039
6,561
8,758
14,257
18,175
3,398
3,140
20,288
20,983
920
1,191
8,263
9,575
11,199
12,809
7,490
9,454
Table 1
RECORD OF PARK USE 1965 AND 1966 (Continued)
TOTAL VISITORS
Administrative District and Park Name 1965 1966
PARRY SOUND
Arrowhead — 5,732
Grundy Lake 136,580 193,665
Killbear Point 212,456 252,810
Mikisew 72,501 60,245
Oastler Lake 140,443 163,723
Restoule 24,416 22,878
Sturgeon Bay 29,7% 28,145
CHAPLEAU
Five Mile Lake 9,176 4,225
GOGAMA
Ivanhoe Lake 13,637 27,921
SAULT STE. MARIE
Batchawana 19,245 41,567
Lake Superior 113,353 134,570
Mississagi 7,561 10,287
Pancake Bay 69,641 97,170
SUDBURY
Chutes 100,375 103,134
Fairbank 33',269 58,857
Killarney 17,641 41,556
Windy Lake 112,352 102,317
WHITE RIVER
Obatanga 16,229 36,524
White Lake 57,198 110,990
COCHRANE
Greenwater 13,205 19,196
Kettle Lakes 42,958 57,306
KAPUSKASING
Nagagamisis 10,750 9,830
Remi Lake 31,584 28,489
SWASTIKA
Esker Lakes 14,314 17,553
Kap-Kig-lwan 18,194 16,391
GERALDTON
Blacksand 18,532 21,596
Klotz Lake 18,502 13,326
MacLeod Lake 51,193 68,420
Neys 35,362 58,052
Rainbow Falls 79,046 72,932
PORT ARTHUR
Inwood 19,677 21,198
Kakabeka Falls 245,432 317,776
Middle Falls 27,168 30,847
Sibley 26,573 28,878
FORT FRANCES
Caliper Lake 41,823 29,894
Lake of the Woods 18,312 21,774
Quetico 64,432 65,128
KENORA
Aaron 62,877 51,176
Blue Lake 32,634 26,791
Rushing River 101,899 97,839
Sioux Narrows 38,434 41,970
SIOUX LOOKOUT
Ojibway 6,826 6,029
Pakwash 4,112 4,411
Provincial Totals 8,875,668 9J91fi7Y
TOTAL CAMPERS
1965 1966
17,051
27,520
5,603
13,698
3,044
5,307
2,174
3,383
31,295
2,494
28,764
12,791
7,786
2,887
2,956
11,968
17,735
1,390
3,980
2,169
3,483
3,623
2,685
5,767
2,257
3,302
10,085
21,295
10,944
23,606
5,659
11,023
7,079
1,605
7,836
9,502
6,548
13,605
6,821
1,097
1,251
1,235
27.723
28,581
7,036
14.421
3,397
5,347
37,056 ^
2.987
29,157
2,492
4,944
2,381
4,232
3,663
2,835
5,709
2,875
3,578
12,278
21,781
13,689
22,483
5,263
11,575
6,207
2,195
5,314
12,070
12,975
13,315
4,951
1,018
1,438
902,472
994,787
Table 2
PROVINCIAL PARKS FACILITIES (as of March 31, 1967)
Swimming
Camping Beaches Comfort
District and Park Units (feet) Stations
CHAPLEAU
Five Mile Lake 87
COCHRANE
Greenwater 45
Kettle Lakes 95
Tidewater 12
FORT FRANCES
Caliper Lake 87
Lake of the Woods 100
Quetico 135
GERALDTON
Blacksand 168
Klotz Lake 33
MacLeod Lake 54
Neys 80
Rainbow Falls 174
GOGAMA
Ivanhoe Lake 143
KAPUSKASING
Nagagamisis 80
Remi Lake 80
KEMPTVILLE
Fitzroy 251
Rideau River 187
Silver Lake 197
South Nation 28
KENORA
Aaron 70
Blue Lake 100
Rushing River 150
Sioux Narrows 60
LAKE ERIE
Clay Creek 47
Holiday Beach 56
Ipperwash 266
John E. Pearce —
Long Point 327
Pinery 1,075
Port Bruce —
Rock Point 47
Rondeau 611
Selkirk 42
Turkey Point 476
Wheatley 104
LAKE HURON
Craigleith 170
Inverhuron 324
Point Farms 215
Sauble Falls 146
LAKE SIMCOE
Bass Lake 154
Devil's Glen 20
Earl Rowe 400
Mara 102
Sibbald Point 718
Six Mile Lake 150
Springwater —
Wasaga Beach —
Picnic
Nature
Hiking
Pit
Picnic
Area
Trails
Trails
Boat
Toilets
Shelters
(Acres)
Museums (Miles)
(Miles)
Ramps
500 —
8,500
32
1V4
600
4,000
1
18
44
•4
300
1,500
805
1
2
9
16
18
5,250
—
21
4,240
5,280
300
—
8
20
14
32
15
53/4
2
40
IV2
4
3
11/2
—
—
—
—
5
10
—
—
1
1
2
5
1
4
—
1
6
2
5
2
5
—
2
7
1
1
2
—
1
1
1
1
_
1
2
24 —
171/2
3,000
—
36
—
38
—
—
—
2,500
—
36
—
27
—
1/4
—
500
_
38
_
20
_
_
_
1,587
2
22
1
22
—
—
—
650
1
20
6
1
21/2
8
—
—
—
400
22
1
7
1,950
20
1
3
—
—
650
1
30
1
23
11/2
150
—
12
1
2
—
—
—
_
1
2
1
4
_
1,700
4
6
83
1,600
7
2
4
6
2
8
2
16
—
—
—
1,600
5
_
_
_
_
27,000
9
71
4
6
—
20
—
3
2
1,900
15
18,500
9
12
3
40
1
51/4
81/2
1,600
—
6
—
—
—
—
. —
—
1,200
1
36
1
29
—
—
6,900
4
8
—
33
—
—
—
3,100
3
2
1
12
2,000
4
37
1
191/2
13/4
1,600
4
8
10
—
—
—
3
—
1
91/2
—
—
—
—
350
3
16
3
21
2
18
6
40
—
—
—
—
2,000
4
z
z
z
_
550
2
12
22
2,000
10
64
8
130
1
1
700
—
34
15
1
—
3
2
2
63
39,000
5
—
—
180
—
—
—
3
Table 2
PROVINCIAL PARKS FACILITIES (as of March 31, 1967) (Continued)
Camping
District and Park Units
LINDSAY
Balsam Lake 200
Darlington 400
Emily 130
Ferris —
Mark S. Burnham —
Presqu'ile 500
Serpent Mounds 130
NORTH BAY
Antoine 29
Finlayson Point 136
Marten River 237
Samuel de Champlain 224
PARRY SOUND
Arrowhead 102
Grundy Lake 485
Killbear Point 834
Mikisew 157
Oastler Lake 154
Restoule 258
Sturgeon Bay 87
PEMBROKE
Algonquin 1,375
Carson Lake 45
Driftwood 98
PORT ARTHUR
Inwood 52
Kakabeka Falls 119
Middle Falls 30
Sibley 350
SAULT STE. MARIE
Batchawana —
Lake Superior 315
Mississagi 38
Pancake Bay 278
SIOUX LOOKOUT
Ojibway 68
Pakwash 57
SUDBURY
Chutes 178
Fairbank 132
Killarney 60
Windy Lake 76
SWASTIKA
Esker Lakes 136
Kap-Kig-lwan 64
TWEED
Black Lake 200
Bon Echo 400
Lake on the Mountain —
Lake St. Peter 60
North Beach —
Outlet Beach 480
Sandbanks —
WHITE RIVER
Swimming Picnic Nature Hiking
Beaches Comfort Pit Picnic Area Trails Trails Boat
(feet) Stations Toilets Shelters (Acres) Museums (Miles) (Miles) Ramp-
500
2,300
1,000
4,000
10,900
26,400
1,500
1,000
650
7.920
600
216
1,000
1,400
900
1,650
14,000
1,500
600
4,000
150
3,500
150
4,000
100
1,800
2,000
8,100
12,800
400
10,800
300
5,300
550
1,300
600
5,000
1,200 —
35
42
16
2
4
42
17
16
21
66
40
30
102
158
32
18
43
16
200
10
20
12
14
4
38
14
98
12
52
18
28
39
22
33
30
32
28
30
65
16
16
39
32
40
25
20
4
110
30
13
4V2
6
15
1
8
30
10
2
12
V4
7
1
1
2
32
6
25
10
531/2
8¥4
8I/4
5
7
4
12
2
100
35
30
10
35
4
5
75
200
40
1 3
IV2
9V2
3
2 7
— 8V2
— 3V4
— 2
3V2
7
IV4
V2
— 2
—
2
1
1
1V2
7
1
1
1
5
3V2
1
2
3
3
Obatanga
84
225
1,600
3,600
22
44
10
8
—
Vz
Wo.
White Lake
—
Provincial Totals
16,859
301,248
130
2,532
49
2,112%
7
491/2
82V4
1
2
ll?"
Table 3
SUMMARY OF ATTENDANCE FOR INTERPRETIVE PROGRAMS
Year Ending March 31st, 1967
ALGONQUIN PROVINCIAL PARK
Museum Attendance (estimated) 131 days 189,148
Pioneer Logging Exhibit (estimated) 107 days 78,278
Conducted Trips 63 trips 4,633
Labelled Trail Registration 5 trails 64,404
Evening Lecture Programs 59 lectures 19,778
Special Groups 32 groups 1,316
RONDEAU PROVINCIAL PARK
Museum Registration
Conducted Trips
Outdoor Theatre Programs
Special Groups
Total
113 days
3 trails
17 lectures
18 groups
357,557
27,144
no record
971
813
SIBLEY PROVINCIAL PARK
Total
28,928
Conducted Trips
22
trips
339
Outdoor Theatre Programs
14
lectures
2,015
Labelled Trails
3
trails
3,000
Total
5,354
PRESQU'ILE PROVINCIAL PARK
Museum Attendance (estimated)
82
days
24,000
Conducted Trips
54
trips
1,553
Outdoor Theatre Programs
26
lectures
8,225
Labelled Trail Registration
2
trails
3,210
Special Groups
9
groups
248
Total
37,236
QUETICO PROVINCIAL PARK
Museum Attendance (estimated)
87
days
9,060
Conducted Trips
24
trips
435
Labelled Trail Registration
5 trails
3,117
Outdoor Theatre Programs
25
lectures
2,647
Special Groups
4
groups
150
Total
15,409
SIBBALD POINT PROVINCIAL PARK
Museum Registration
77
days
19,685
WASAGA BEACH PROVINCIAL PARK
Nancy Island Museum Registration
100
days
25,473
PINERY PROVINCIAL PARK
Conducted Trips
70
trips
2,567
Outdoor Theatre Programs
19
lectures
11,800
Labelled Trail
1
trail
no record
Special Groups
8
groups
392
Total
14,759
UKE SUPERIOR PROVINCIAL PARK
Conducted Trips
4
trips
489
Outdoor Theatre Programs
16
lectures
3,149
Labelled Trail
2
trails
2,352
Special Groups
5
groups
519
11
Total
6,509
Table 3
SUMMARY OF ATTENDANCE FOR INTERPRETIVE PROGRAMS (Continued)
Year Ending March 31st, 1967
INVERHURON PROVINCIAL PARK
Exhibit Centre
OTHER PROVINCIAL PARKS WITH LABELLED TRAILS
Lake St. Peter
White Lake
Peterborough Petroglyphs
Kap-Kig-lwan
Killbear
Rushing River
Remi Lake
Rainbow Falls
Blacksand
MacLeod
Five Mile Lake
Samuel de Champlain
Kettle Lakes
19,182
2,400
200
no record
2,200
2,281
3,600
190
no record
no record
no record
no record
120
930
11,921
RESEARCH BRANCH
' OBJECTIVES
I 1. To provide management branches with useful, tested
information on forest, fishery and wildlife resources.
2. To develop management techniques.
ORGANIZATION
The Research Branch is divided into four Sections and their
subordinate units with the following functions and responsi-
I bilities.
FISHERIES SECTION
Great Lakes Unit: Rates of growth, reproduction and mor-
tality of commercial and game fish in lakes Huron, Erie and
Ontario.
Game Fish Unit: Lake trout, brook trout, smallmouth bass
and walleye.
Selective Breeding Unit: Development of brook trout -lake
trout hybrid which can survive in presence of sea lampreys.
Other Units: Lake productivity — classification of produc-
tive capacity based on chemical fertility; parasites — identi-
fication and assessment of effects; limnology — physical
and chemical characteristics of lakes.
FORESTRY SECTION
I Silviculture Unit: Studies of forest culture, reproduction
I and growth of important tree species and associated vege-
tation; logging effects on forest stands; cultural herbicides;
controlled fires; seeding and planting.
SitaUnit: Evaluation of soil features, climate and nutrients.
Tree Breeding Unit: Selection and breeding of forest trees
of superior quality and resistance to disease.
Reforestation Unit: Studies of nursery problems and of
planting and care of plantations.
Other units: Wood quality; forest mensuration and statistics;
forest economics; white pine blister rust.
WILDLIFE SECTION
Big Game Unit: White-tailed deer, moose and upland
:aribou.
Predator Unit: Timber wolves.
Upland Game and Waterfowl Unit: Small animals and birds,
5uch as rabbits and pheasants.
Diseases and Parasites Unit: Identification, frequency, dis-
rribution and effects.
Furbearers Unit: Habits, behaviour and effects of environ-
nent on animals such as beaver and marten.
u_
MECHANICAL SECTION
Development, improvement and testing of equipment and
instruments to meet special needs of Department.
FISHERIES SECTION
The Department's fisheries research program discovers new
facts and techniques necessary to the scientific manage-
ment of the complex sport and commercial fishery of
Ontario.
Great Lakes Programs
LAKE ONTARIO
In 1965, studies designed to understand factors limiting the
survival of juvenile whitefish were initiated in the laboratory.
The lake trout project, in co-operation with New York State,
has been an attempt to re-establish a self-reproducing
population of this species in the lake.
A walleye project has continued since 1956 to determine
levels of exploitation by anglers and by the commercial
fishery in the Bay of Quinte. Considerable information on
growth, food, mortality and movements has been accumu-
lated.
A project initiated in 1958 and designed to learn something
of the life history and ecology of the American eel during
that part of its life spent in Lake Ontario has continued. This
is of concern because of the possible effect of the St.
Lawrence Seaway installations.
An attempt is being made to establish kokanee — a land-
locked variety of sockeye salmon — as a new species in
Lake Ontario for both commercial and recreational fishery.
In each of the past three years plantings of eyed eggs and
swim-up fry were made. As kokanee are plankton feeders,
it is hoped that they will find the enriched open waters of
Lake Ontario to their liking.
A start was made in 1966 to describe the life history, ecology,
movements and abundance of white perch, which has
quickly become a dominant species in the Bay of Quinte.
In 1966, a staff scientist investigated in Japan the potential
of the Japanese salmons for introduction into Ontario. In
addition to the merits common to the whole genus — high
value and ease of management — two species are fresh
water loving and warm water tolerant, and therefore may be
worthy of trials here.
LAKE ERIE
Smelt and yellow perch have become the principal species
of importance to commercial fishermen in Lake Erie. Most
of the research was on reproduction, distribution and food
of these two species.
Studies on smelt during 1966 concentrated on the problem
of describing the distribution of young-of-the-year to supple-
ment the virtually completed work on distribution of year-
lings and adults. Reproduction was poor, probably because
of a violent storm soon after peak spawning. A general
survey of smelt abundance by area was conducted through-
out the lake during July and August, making use of informa-
tion on vertical distribution that has emerged from past
studies.
The effect of dominant year classes in yellow perch was the
subject of intensive study.
LAKE HURON
The present emphasis of research in Lake Huron is on
whitefish, and the principal concern is the wide variation in
the year class success which causes fluctuations of abund-
ance from year to year. There are several discreet popula-
tions in different parts of the lake which further complicate
the problem. Information is being collected on age, size etc.,
of whitefish caught by various types of gear. One of the
most important results will be the hoped-for ability to fore-
cast catches in subsequent years.
In 1%6, commercial fishermen at Providence Bay reported
taking 16 lake trout x brook trout (splake) which were identi-
fied as being from the 1963 Providence Bay planting. This
catch, added to the 1964 catch of 2,500 fish and the 1965
catch of 839, gives a total of 3,355 of the 1963 planting of
3,500 fish. In June 1966, 50,000 splake yearlings were planted
in Burnt Island Bay, Lake Huron. In South Bay in 1966, 4,000
splake were planted.
The greatly increased planting program of splake in Lake
Huron has followed the gradual improvements in successive
generations of hybrids derived from the research program.
Additional numbers of year classes are in culture and will
come through the selection procedures in subsequent years.
In co-operation with U.S. agencies for the rehabilitation of
the Lake Huron fishery (splake replacement of lake trout),
the final stages are being reached in the testing program.
Real success is largely dependent on the ability of the
hybrids to reproduce naturally.
Game Fish Program
The Harkness Laboratory was operated again in 1966 in
accordance with the terms of the agreement between the
Department of Lands and Forests and the University of
Toronto. The facilities were used by staff and graduates of
the University of Toronto and the Ontario Research
Foundation.
In addition to the continued analysis of long-accumulated
creel census data, projects included experimental plantings,
population dynamics, lake trout biology, and plankton-
feeding versus fish-feeding lake trout. Also, a scientist made
a trip to a number of European countries to investigate the
potential of certain of their fish for introduction to Ontario
waters, particularly the Great Lakes, where conditions due
to water enrichment have changed markedly. Four species
would appear to have real potential.
Studies of natural populations of brook trout were pursued
in 1966 as part of a background against which experimental
results are to be compared. Projects in Algonquin Park lakes
included stocking rate studies using hatchery-reared trout;
plankton and bottom fauna studies; population fluctuations
throughout the year; fish toxicants to remove undesirable
competing species; spawning facilities and planting
techniques.
The smallmouth bass project was activated- in 1966 in Lake-
of-the-Mountain. This is a study of factors, especially sum-
mer water temperatures, which influence the production of
eggs, fry and fingerlings up to the dispersal stage. These
include studies of tagging, first year growth, creel census
data, evaluation of hatchery plantings and sub-lethal effects
of pollutants. Essential laboratory work was conducted at
the nearby Glenora station.
Ecological studies of walleyes in 1966 were pursued at
Baptiste Lake. Emphasis was placed on the factor of light
intensity, which seems to play a major part in determining
the location and activity of walleyes. They were generally
found to be shielded from direct sunlight.
Other Research Programs
The limnology unit continued to co-ordinate meteorological
and hydrographic data collected from the several fisheries
research units with special relation to standardization, and
with particular reference to the Great Lakes — such as of
the thermal regime and zooplankton of South Bay — and
hydrography and phytoplankton of the Bay of Quinte.
The selective breeding program on splake (referred to
previously under Lake Huron) continued to make advances
in 1966, using both laboratory and field studies of more
advanced hybrid generations.
During 1966, the inventory unit continued to assess the
productivity of Ontario lakes, concentrating on factors of
total dissolved solids, alkalinity and turbidity.
A scientist continued to examine parasites collected by field
staff, with the object of eventually determining their effect
on abundance of important fish species.
FORESTRY SECTION
The following is a brief summary of forestry research con-
ducted from Maple headquarters and five permanent
research establishments throughout the Province. In addi-
tion to this, the Research Branch is working co-operatively
with the Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto; the
Ontario Research Foundation; Canada Department of
Forestry; and the wood-using industries of the Province.
Regional Silvicultural Research
It is to be understood that while the following summary is
dealt with under the headings of the several regions of the
Province, in actuality the researchers expand their programs
beyond the boundaries of the regions.
NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO
In 1966, the field program was dominated by re-examination
work on a large number of long-term regeneration and stand
development plots according to their five-year re-measure-
ment schedule. Another important development was the
establishment of a program of research for black spruce —
a species which had not received sufficient research atten-
tion in the past.
One of the re-examination programs continued in 1966 was
concerned with white spruce - balsam fir stands. This study
relates to the long-term effects of diameter limit selective
cutting, mechanical scarification, and conventional versus
mechanical clearcutting. Of especial note is that abundant
white spruce regeneration follows scarification in mixed-
wood stands, but it was found necessary in 1966 to release
this desired crop from re-invading dense underbrush by use
of selected toxicants.
Another study continued to determine the effects of
mechanical clearcutting of all species in jack pine cover
types embracing jack pine, trembling aspen and black
spruce to favour jack pine.
A poplar project was continued to determine the relation-
ship between aspen reproduction of high quality and its
age, site type and density following mechanical cutting
operations.
CENTRAL ONTARIO
Since the start of work in this region in 1959, concentration
has been on laboratory and field studies of problems of tree
nutrition, particularly in spruce species, and studies of the
productivity, ecology and racial variation of red spruce.
The special attention being given to red spruce is because
this species has characteristics which make it very useful
in improving the productivity of derelict tolerant hardwood
and mixedwood stands. The study is designed to measure
growth and productivity of red spruce in poor and mixed
stands on all physiographic sites across its range in
Ontario.
Red spruce has been studied from a number of different
points of view over the past several years. These may be
most easily grouped under three general headings:
Productivity — ecology involving a number of fundamental
aspects, including growth and nutrition.
Taxonomical and genetical relationships within and between
other species, including provenance studies, etc.
Practical applications for management in the near future,
including underplanting studies and assistance in seed
production areas, etc.
One more year should complete the general field work. This
will be followed by a sampling in our rather extensive spruce
provenance plantations.
SOUTH-CENTRAL ONTARIO
The forester in charge of research work in the region was
occupied almost exclusively in furthering the large-scale
planting operations of tubed seedlings by the Timber
Branch. In the late spring and summer of 1966, a number
of tubed seedling production sites in the Districts were
visited in an effort to overcome problems that had arisen in
germinating seed and in growing seedlings. The operational
manual of instructions was revised.
Silvics, Silviculture and Management of Sugar Maple and
associated species. A program was continued on the study
of the ecology of this forest association, and to apply the
knowledge gained in developing appropriate silvicultural
and management procedures for optimum production of
high quality hardwood timber.
One project may be selected for mention here: research into
the problems of production of high quality sugar maple.
During 1966-67, additional information was gathered on tree
quality and diameter distribution in a number of different
stands as a basis for developing controlled methods of
improvement cutting. A broad program of cutting is planned
to cover the variations which occur in quality, stocking and
species composition in various stands.
Part of the work initiated in this project has followed an
evolutionary shift toward a more fundamental framework
and has been relocated at Maple headquarters. Objectives
of this study involve the dynamics of mineral stains, decay
and tree form defects in sugar maple.
SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO
Research in this region aims to suggest good forest man-
agement practices on stands most of which are in private
ownership and have become derelict. Particular attention
was given in 1966 to the propagation and cultural treatment
of silver maple and eastern Cottonwood, largely to replace
the heavy mortality in elm from the Dutch elm disease.
Studies were continued in 1966 of these two species, which
are about the only commercial trees capable of growing in
the swamps of southwestern Ontario. These included growth,
thinning and planting studies, as well as the mass produc-
tion of phenotypes vegetatively by budding, layering and
cuttings.
Work continued on the establishment of such species as red
oak, basswood, hybrid poplar, large-toothed aspen and white
and red pine.
Research was also furthered in the use of herbicides, silvi-
cides and soil sterilants, as well as in maple sap and syrup
productivity.
SOUTHEASTERN ONTARIO
Research in this region has been primarily concerned with
the ecology of the tolerant hardwood association, especially
the treatment of cutover stands to improve quality. The
principal projects are prescribed burning and the silvics of
basswood.
The objective of the prescribed burning project is to deter-
mine the effects of fire in hardwood stands to improve
regeneration. Studies have been undertaken in four areas
which have met with varying degrees of success. While re-
examination of plots on several of these areas will be con-
tinued, it has been suggested that the use of prescribed
fire in hardwoods should be studied on an operational scale
where realistic appraisal of its potential can be made.
The objective of the basswood project is to determine the
possibility of increasing the proportion of this high quality,
fast-growing species in hardwood associations, particularly
with maple. Studies were continued on fruit and seed relat-
ing to successful germination; natural regeneration after
various treatments; results of planting nursery stock; and
the management in general of hardwood stands with bass-
wood admixture.
A Research Information Paper was published in 1966 on
one aspect of the planting on shallow lands in the Kempt-
ville district.
Maple Headquarters Research
REFORESTATION
Nursery and Planting: The objective of this program is the
procurement of information through research for the
scientific advancement of the reforestation program of the
Department. The work was initiated in 1953 with the chief
areas of attention being nursery operations, handling of
shipping stock, planting methods, frost damage to planta-
tions, and fertilization. Work was continued on the following
projects in the year 1966-67. (The figures in brackets indi-
cate the years in which the projects were started.)
Culling and grading of nursery stock (1953); depths and
methods of planting (1948); seedlings vs transplants (1957);
moisture retaining materials (1955); nursery stock field stor-
age (1956); wrapping materials (1956); methods of planting
for underplanting (1955); Dunemann planting stock (1955);
root pruning of nursery stock (1957); nutrient correlations
(1%4); adjustment of soil acidity (1959); frost studies (1962);
ecotypical variation in black spruce (1959); planting through-
out the growth season (1951); studies of planting check
(I960); hormone studies (1962); drought studies (1%5); root
coating (1966); seedbed densities (1966); and forest fertiliza-
tion (1958).
TREE BREEDING
The aim of forest tree breeding is to supply seed and plant
materials that, from a genetic standpoint, are best suited
for the purposes of artificial forest regeneration. These
studies were initiated in 1946 and are comprised principally
of white pine and poplar projects.
The main objectives in white pine breeding are resistance
to blister rust and weevil, and satisfactory growth form and
growth rate. The program has been continued since 1946.
Intensive acquisition of breeding materials, mainly exotics,
has been in progress throughout. Present emphasis on
interspecific hybridization is producing rust-resistant
materials of direct use-value.
The poplar breeding program, initiated in 1947, aims to
produce aspen-like hybrids, suitable for growing in southern
Ontario, having good growth rate and growth form, good
wood and ease of vegetative propagation. At present, the
main objective is the production of new hybrids with good
rooting ability from stem cuttings.
The principal aim of the breeding program in hard pines was
primarily, at the time of its initiation in 1952, to find resist-
ance to the pine shoot moth. Recently, the objective has
changed toward production of a red pine-like tree, superior
in growth rate, branching habit, resistance to shoot moth,
and adaptability to red pine sites.
A spruce breeding program was started in 1964 to determine
the genetic variability of the native spruce species, the
genetic relationships of native and exotic species and the
value of certain spruce hybrids. Controlled pollinations with
black spruce, white spruce and several exotic species were
continued in 1966.
WHITE PINE BLISTER RUST SURVEY
The blister rust work, which has been continued by the
Research Branch since 1942, is designed to obtain quanti-
tative data on the occurrence of rust and rust damage at
selected stations. Such data may be used to characterize
epidemic conditions and as an aid to prognosis.
In 1966, the second and fifth periodic examinations were
made in the North Bay and Pembroke Districts respectively.
WOOD QUALITY
The purpose of the studies of wood quality is to define the
specific physical and chemical wood characteristics which
contribute to superior quality in end- use products, and to
relate these characteristics to heritable and environmental
factors. A wood quality unit is established in the Research
Branch, and the Ontario Research Foundation receives an
annual grant from the Department for making pulping and
other tests on wood samples provided them.
To date, work has concentrated on black spruce.
The Ontario Research Foundation did work in 1966 in three
areas: wood structure related to paper quality, black spruce
wood quality in mature stands, and effects of extractives on
wood quality. Complementary work by the Research Branch
included determination of mean specific gravity, determina-
tion of compression wood percentage, and comparisons of
tree hole density and core samples.
SITE
The objective of the site research program is to determine
the productivity of land. Consequently, work has been
directed toward obtaining knowledge pertaining to the
relationships between soils, climates, and crops, and to
organize this information into a classification system adapt-
able to various types of management, with the forest being
the major crop considered. Much of the effort of the site
research unit in 1967 was concerned with the ARDA pro-
gram, especially in map production, which will be reported
elsewhere. The general sub-divisions of the work as a whole
come under the headings of regional, factorial and land
productivity research.
Regional site research was continued in 1966-67 comprising
the recognition, classification, mapping and description of
physiographic sites, as well as the determination of natural
vegetation succession, including the initial evaluation of the
potential productivity of the more important sites.
Two projects which were completed in 1965 may be selected
for reference: field and laboratory investigations of the dis-
tribution of the parent soil materials on the Canadian Shield
south of the Ottawa River; mapping the land units of the
Swastika District to provide District staff with an ecological
framework for their land use plans.
In 1966, further progress was made in factorial site research
which was developed from the need in regional site researci
for a better understanding of soil and climatic factors which
influence forest growth.
Field and laboratory nutrient studies have dealt with such
subjects as the release from minerals of calcium and dilute
sulphuric acid, especially relating to uptake by jack pine
from three types of sand; availability of nitrogen and phos-
phorous through processes in the forest humus rather than
by weathering of mineral materials; and studies in soil
genesis dealing with the influence of the forest on the soil.
The research program dealing with water as a site factor
is continuing and includes the assessment of the effects of
moisture regimes on forest growth within specific climatic
regions. Several programs which received particular atten-
tion in 1966 may be mentioned: comparison of soil moisture
and current radial growth with and without irrigation: the
influence of various moisture supplies and growth of red
pine, white spruce and larch seedlings.
Most of the timber productivity part of the research in 1966
was conducted in co-operation with other agencies and
related to red pine plantations and hard maple woodlots.
FOREST MENSURATION
Growth and yield studies in 1966 included measurements on
permanent sample plots, in red pine plantations and in
natural stands of red and white pine; construction of im-
proved tree volume tables, and improved methods of timber
estimating. Statistical and advisory services were rendered
to research foresters in tree breeding, reforestation and
silviculture, with particular reference to height and diameter
growth. Consultants in statistics and computer programming
assisted in all of the foregoing work.
MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS
A specialist in statistical analysis and computer program-
ming provided services which included consultations on,
and participation in, planning, designing, analyzing and
interpreting the results obtained from experiments, as well
as from collections of data by numerous investigators. Most
of these services were rendered to the several sections of
the Research Branch, but some were made use of by other
Branches of the Department and co-operating agencies. In
addition to providing sampling systems and computer pro-
gramming, the services included much data processing.
FOREST ECONOMICS
A research staff forestry economist advised and assisted
on several forestry projects including the economics relat-
ing to plantation forests of red and white pine; the prepara-
tion of yield tables for plantation-grown red pine and white
spruce; and the design of a system for orderly maintenance
for newly established sample plots for growth and yield
studies. In addition, the economist participated in a feasi-
bility study which was related to the establishment of pulp
and paper manufacture in the Red Lake area.
FOREST PROTECTION
Studies were initiated in the evaluation and development of
fire prevention methods, fire control systems, and reduction
of hazards; testing and development of insect and disease
control methods.
Dr. W. R. Haddow retired from service after 44 years with
the Department — 25 years in Research.
WILDLIFE SECTION
Wildlife research has been directed toward the futhering of
our knowledge of economically important birds and mam-
mals, and to suggest means by which these could be of
greater value to the trapper, hunter, naturalist, and the
general public. Research projects have been developed
around most of the major species of wildlife which provide
sustenance or sport in Ontario.
Close co-operation is maintained between Research per-
sonnel and the staff of the Fish and Wildlife Branch. Wild-
life research personnel have also benefited greatly by their
close working relationships with scientists in other govern-
ment departments, universities, and research organizations.
Within the Wildlife Research Section there are units con-
cerned with furbearing animals, wildlife diseases and para-
sites, upland game and waterfowl, big game, and predators.
While the Southern Research Station serves as a base
headquarters, most of the work is done in the field — across
the Province and north from the Great Lakes to Hudson Bay.
A Wildlife Research Station, located in Algonquin Park,
serves as a centre for some field studies.
FURBEARERS
The management of populations of furbearing animals is
probably more complex than for other species of wildlife.
Essentially, there are two groups of factors influencing the
production of fur: socio-economic and biological. To date,
furbearer research has been chiefly concerned with biologi-
cal factors affecting fur production.
Research is continuing on the dynamics of beaver popula-
tions and the influence of various factors including trapoing
pressure. The program in the Patricia Central and West
portions of northern Ontario, initiated in 1957, is to deter-
mine the factors responsible for wide fluctuations in
northern beaver populations, and to recommend manage-
ment practices which would increase numbers of beaver.
Analysis of field data collected on otter showed that their
movements were confined to smaller areas than was pre-
viously supposed. Also, their food consists entirely of
aquatic organisms with game fish comprising a very small
part of these.
Other ecological and population studies were continued on
marten and mink.
WILDLIFE DISEASES AND PARASITES
This unit is responsible for the identification of diseases
and parasites, and the assessment of their frequency, inci-
dence, distribution and effects. Research staff provided a
diagnostic service to field staff, it) conjunction with the
continuing survey of diseases and parasites of wildlife. The
use by field staff of a recently prepared manual on this
subject greatly assisted this project.
Studies to determine the status of the kidney worm in mink,
and the diseases and parasites of moose were continued.
In 1966, the red fox was still the most important wildlife
vector of rabies in Ontario. However, it is still almost absent
from some parts of the Lake Erie district. The reasons for
this are not known, but it is apparent that some unknown
factors in the environment are restricting rabies epizootics
among wildlife there. Studies of this situation may provide
the answers.
UPLAND GAME AND WATERFOWL
Grouse, pheasants, rabbits, squirrels and other species of
smaller birds and mammals (commonly known as upland
game) ducks and geese, provide sport for more hunters in
Ontario than all other wildlife species combined.
Of considerable concern in the management of grouse and
geese are their taxonomic relationships and behavorial
characteristics. Research continued in various species and
sub-species of grouse and Canada geese, both in Ontario
and elsewhere, with the ultimate objective of discovering
whether a biologic tag that could be used at any time of the
year to determine the origin and distribution of discreet
populations could be found. Preliminary results are promis-
ing in identifying individuals from specific populations.
Research on waterfowl was confined to the development
and testing of a method to determine the annual breeding
success of Canada and snow geese in northern Ontario.
BIG GAME
Big game research, which is mostly of an ecological nature,
is conducted on deer, moose and woodland caribou. Data
were again collected in 1966 from the network of stations
established to record snow depth — probably the most
severe factor affecting survival and distribution of deer.
Major logging activity during the 1850-1910 period resulted
in residual stands that were favourable to deer until re-
cently. Much of this forest has again become too mature
for deer. Research is concentrating on learning to create an
optimum balance between deer and timber crops.
There is an abundance of moose in Ontario. Management
problems centre around poor access over the moose range
as a whole, and a consequent under-harvest of the expand-
ing populations.
The research task is to identify and measure the forces of
the environment that are preventing the caribou populations
from expanding to a range area apparently several times
larger than which they now occupy. Caribou are an import-
ant source of food and clothing for northern Indians.
PREDATOR RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT
During 1966, the wolf predator control program has been
directed to training fur-trapping licencees to accept the
responsibility for control of their trap lines. Extensive pro-
grams of this nature were implemented in the Parry Sound
and Pembroke Districts. There are tentative plans to carry
out similar extension training programs in other districts
where it would be considered necessary. Wolf censusing is
being continued over areas where hunter success with
respect to deer has declined over recent years, in order
that predator control measures may be effected if the
situation warrants it.
Research on timber wolves and their effects on prey popu-
lations in Parry Sound District were continued. Also pre-
liminary populations studies on black and polar bears were
conducted.
:p
Reports
Research Branch reports published during the year ending
March 31, 1967.
FISHERIES
Neoechinorhynchus Notemigoni N. sp. (Acanthocephala:
Neoechinorhynchidae) from golden shiner of Lake Ontario.
Alex Dechtiar. Can. J. of Zoology, Vol. 45 (1967), pp. 155-159.
Effects of fin-clipping on mortality and growth of yellow
perch with a review of similar investigations. Danial W.
Coble. J. of Wildlife Mgt., Vol. 31, No. 1, January 1967, pp.
173-180.
A new copepod genus in the plankton of the Great Lakes.
Daniel J. Faber and E. G. Jermolajev. Limnology and Acean-
ography, Vol. 11, No. 2, April 1%6, pp. 301-303.
The South Bay Fisheries Research Station. F. P. Maher. Ont.
Fish and Wildlife Review, Vol. 5, No. 1, Spring 1%6.
Alkaline phosphatase in fish scales. D. W. Coble. J. Fish.
Res. Bd., Canada. 23(1), 1966, pp. 149-152.
Comparative summer limnology of Inner Long Point Bay,
Lake Erie and its major tributary. A. H. Berst and H. R.
McCrimmon. J. Fish. Res. Bd., Canada. 23(2), 1966, pp. 275-
291.
The significance of food habits in the biology, exploitation
and management of Algonquin Park, Ontario, lake trout.
N. V. Martin. Trans, of the Amer. Fish. Soc, Vol. 95, No. 4,
October 1%6, pp. 415-422.
Effects of a diet of raw smelt on lake trout. D. W. Coble. Can.
Fish. Cult. No. 36, Dec. 1965. (Not released until 1%6).
Relationship of temperature to total annual growth in adult
smallmouth bass. Daniel W. Coble. J. Fish. Res. Bd., Canada,
Vol. 24, No. 1, 1%7, pp. 87-99.
A new species of monogenetic trematode, Octomacrum
Semotilli, from the creek chub Semotilus Atromaculatus
(Mitchell), from Algonquin Park lakes. A. Dechtiar. J. of
Zoology, Vol. 44, No. 5, Sept. 1%6, pp. 821-824.
The thermal regime of South Bay, Manitoulin Island, A. M.
McCombie. J. Fish. Res. Bd., Canada, Vol. 24, No. 1, 1967,
pp. 101-125.
Freezing and thawing of Toronto Harbour. D. V. Anderson
and G. H. McTaggart-Cowan, Research Report No. 70.
Hamilton Bay — the model of a natural waste treatment
reactor. D. V. Anderson and D. H. Matheson. Research
Report No. 73.
FORESTRY
Sap and syrup of five maple species. H. C. Larsson and P.
Jaciw. Research Report No. 69.
Fertilization of red pine on a sand plain. R. H. Leech.
Research Report No. 72.
Root pruning of nursery stock. R. E. Mullin. For. Chron.,
Sept. 1%6, pp. 256-264.
An effect of sphagnum on the growth of black spruce. J. K.
McEwen. For. Chron., Vol. 42, No. 2, June 1966.
Influence of depth and method of planting on white spruce.
R. E. Mullin, J. of For., July 1966, pp. 466-468.
Overwinter storage of baled nursery stock in Northern
Ontario. R. E. Mullin. Comm. For. Review, 45(3), pp. 224-230.
Glacial history of Northeastern Ontario. I. The Cochrane-
Hearst area. A. H. Boissonneau. Can. J. of Earth Sc, Vol. 3,
1966, pp. 559-578.
Frost ring formation in the stems of some coniferous
species. C. Glerum and J. L. Farrar. Can. J. of Botany, Vol.
44(1966), pp. 879-886.
Summer and fall plantings of jack pine in Ontario suffer
high mortality and slower height growth after 15 years. R. E.
Mullin and W. R. Bunting. Tree Planters' Notes, Vol. 18, No.
1, March 1967.
White pine survival and growth similar, regardless of plant-
ing depths and methods, in Ontario tests. R. E. Mullin. Tree
Planters' Notes, Vol. 18, No. 1, March 1967.
WILDLIFE
Extralimital occurrences of raccoons in Ontario. D. W. Sim-
kin. Can. Field Naturalist, Vol. 80, No. 3, July-September,
1966, pp. 144-146.
Polar bear of Canada. G. Kolenosky and R. 0. Standfield.
Animals Magazine, Vol. 8, No. 19, April 12, 1966.
The prairie chicken in Southwestern Ontario. Harry G.
Lumsden. Can. Field Naturalist, Vol. 80, No. 1, Jan.-March
1966, pp. 33-45.
A cursory examination of the fur returns from three Indian
bands of Northern Ontario. Edward S. Rogers, Dept. of
Ethnology, Royal Ontario Museum, University of Toronto.
Research Report No. 75.
MECHANICAL SECTION
The main work of the Section during the year was, as in the
past, concerned with the development of special equipment
and instruments required for the Research Branch in fish-
eries, forestry and wildlife. A list of the principal projects
worked on follows:
Fisheries. Electronic brine shrimp counter, plankton traps, i
marine installations.
Forestry. Scanning adaptation unit for data translator, port-
able power increment borer and pack board, increment core
examiner and vernier attachment, micro-digestion apparatus
for nitrogen determination, water bottom soil sampler,
dendrometer tape accessories.
Wildlife. Animal tranquillizer dart ejector, deer tagging loops
(new design).
Special equipment was also designed for other Branches of
the Department:
Forest Protection Branch. Fire pump and lubricant testing,
infra-red fire hose drier, reciprocating folder for fire hose,
pegboard hose folder (re-designed), fire hose vuicanizers,
ifire hose lead markers.
Operations Branch. Photo copying table.
Parks Branch. Beach area algae cleaners.
Timber Branch. Aerial seeder improvements, broadcast
seeder for snow vehicle, improved towing swivel for sacrifi-
cation equipment.
In addition to the foregoing, the Section provided engineer-
ing consulting services to the Department, as required.
Mr. M. H. Baker retired from service in the summer of 1966
after 41 years with the Department, more than half of which
was with the Research Branch.
LA\A/ BRANCH
OBJECTIVES
1. To provide legal counsel and services for the Department.
2. To maintain services of the Patents Office.
ORGANIZATION
The duties and responsibilities of Law Branch may be sum-
marized as follows:
Policy: establishing and reviewing Department policy with
respect to legislation, regulations and administration; and
integrating Department policies into those of the Govern-
ment.
Interpretation of statutes and regulations.
Advice to Branches and field offices on the legal position of
the Department in all matters affecting it.
Preparation and Processing of agreements; briefs, opinions
and memoranda on special subjects; leases; legislation;
licences; office consolidations of statutes and regulations;
pleadings; recommendations to Council; and regulations
under the various statutes administered by the Department.
Services (miscellaneous): collection of bad accounts; con-
ducting litigation; conveyancing; representing the Depart-
ment as Counsel in Provincial Land Tax Appeals; settle-
ments of claims and disputes; and title searching.
Liaison with federal officials on matters concerning fish-
eries; federal canal systems, harbours and lands; and Indian
reserves and rights of Indians, particularly regarding hunt-
ing and fishing.
Patents Office: maintenance of records of Crown land; advis-
ing the public on records; compilation of statistics; cancel-
lation of Crown land sales; domesday books; forfeitures;
leases; licences; and preparation and engrossing of docu-
ments disposing of Crown land including leases, letters
patent and licences of occupation.
Legislation
At the Session of the Legislature, which convened on the
25th day of January, 1967, and prorogued on the 15th day
of June, 1967, amendments were made to five statutes
administered by the Department.
THE FORESTRY AMENDMENT ACT, 1967
The definition of "forestry purposes" was amended to pro-
vide that the term includes the production of wood and
wood products, provision of proper environmental conditions
for wildlife, protection against floods and erosion, recreation,
and protection and production of water supplies.
THE GAME AND FISH AMENDMENT ACT, 1967
Subsection 3 of Section 6 of The Game and Fish Act, 1961-62,
was re-eriacted to provide for management agreements with
owners of land respecting hunting and fishing rights, habitat
improvement work, protective measures, stocking pro-
grams, fencing and erection of signs and other management
practices. On registration, such agreements are binding
upon subsequent owners.
Subsection 8 of Section 34 of the Act was amended to pro-
vide that holders of a class of licence designated by the
regulations shall wear a badge which clearly shows the
number of the licence. Section 83 of the Act was amended
to provide for regulations designating such licences.
THE PUBLIC LANDS AMENDMENT ACT, 1967
Section 43 of The Public Lands Act was amended by adding
two subsections which provide for the entering into of
agreements with owners of land respecting the erection,
maintenance and operation thereon of a public work within
the meaning of The Public Works Act and provide that upon
registration, such agreements are binding upon subsequent
owners.
THE SURVEYS AMENDMENT ACT, 1967
Section 60 of The Surveys Act was amended by adding a
clause which authorizes the making of regulations estab-
lishing, governing and regulating systems of co-ordinate
surveys.
THE TREES AMENDMENT ACT, 1967
The definition of "forestry purposes" was amended in the
same manner as the definition in The Forestry Act.
EFFECTIVE DATES
The Forestry Amendment Act, 1967, The Surveys Amend-
ment Act, 1967, and The Trees Amendment Act, 1967, came
into force on March 22nd, 1967. The Game and Fish Amend-
ment Act, 1967, and The Public Lands Amendment Act,
1%7, came into force on June 15th, 1967.
Twenty-three regulations made under the authority of the
Statutes administered by the Department of Lands and
Forests were approved and filed during the fiscal year from
April 1st, 1966 to March 31st, 1967.
The following are the regulations which were approved and
filed:
Regulations
THE GAME AND FISH ACT, 1961-62
O.Reg. 214/66 — Amending O.Reg. 343/64 — Furs.
O.Reg. 237/66 — Amending O.Reg. 247/63 — Snares.
O.Reg. 253/66 — Revokes O.Regs. 159/65 and 181/65 —
Open Seasons — Game Birds.
O.Reg. 260/66 — Amending O.Reg. 46/65 —
Fishing Licences.
O.Reg. 272/66 — Amending O.Reg. 139/65 —
Open Seasons — Deer, Moose and Bear.
O.Reg. 273/66 — Amending O.Reg. 229/64 —
Hunting Licences — Issuance.
O.Reg. 288'66 — New and Revoking O.Reg. 153/65 —
Open Seasons — Rabbit and Squirrel.
O.Reg. 314/66 — Amending O.Reg. 9/66 —
Open Seasons — Fur-bearing Animals.
O.Reg. 316/66 — New and Revoking O.Reg. 163/63 —
Sale of Bass and Trout.
O.Reg. 330/66 — Amending O.Reg. 253/66 —
Open Seasons — Game Birds.
O.Reg. 334/66 — Amending O.Reg. 272/65 —
Open Seasons — Deer, Southern Ontario.
O.Reg. 335/66 — Amending O.Reg. 286/63 —
Hunting in Provincial Parks.
O.Reg. 342/66 — New — Hunting on Crown Lands.
O.Reg. 368/66 — Amending O.Reg. 46/65 —
Fishing Licences.
O.Reg. 369/66 — Amending O.Reg. 22/65 —
Crown Game Preserve — Luther.
O.Reg. 70/67 — New — Bullfrogs.
O.Reg. 77/67 — Amending O.Reg. 229/63 —
Hunting Licences — Issuance.
THE PROVINCIAL PARKS ACT
O.Reg. 175/66 — Amending Reg. 499 of R.R.O. 1960 —
General.
O.Reg. 343/66 — Amending Reg. 498 of R.R.O. 1960 —
Designation of Parks.
O.Reg. 388/66 — Amending Reg. 498 of R.R.O. 1960 —
Designation of Parks.
THE PUBLIC LANDS ACT
O.Reg. 208/66 — Amending Reg. 524 of R.R.O. 1960 —
Sale of Public Lands.
O.Reg. 353/66 — New — Restricted Areas —
Kenora, Patricia Portion.
THE WOODLANDS IMPROVEMENT ACT, 1966
O.Reg. 244/66 — New — General.
Orders-in-Counci!
Recommended by the Minister of
Lands and Forests during the year 1966-67
THE ALGOMA CENTRAL AND
HUDSON BAY RAILWAY COMPANY ACT, 1941
Numbers of Orders-in-Council: 3460/66
THE CROWN
TIMBER ACT
Numbers of Orders-in-Council:
1441, 66
2629 66
3564 66
4730 66
1444/ 66
2630 66
3644 66
4731 66
1450/66
2631 66
3645/66
4798 66
1453/66
2632 66
3651/66
4847 66
1664 66
2648 66
3694/66
4853 66
1670 66
2649 66
3783/66
4857 66
1673/'66
2751 66
3784 66
4869 66
1732/66
2752 66
3870 66
4946 66
1757/66
2826 66
4003 66
4948 66
1874/66
2832 66
4004 66
4998 66
1918/66
2833 66
4044 66
5026 66
1919 66
2834 66
4045 66
5064 66
1920 66
2839 66
4050 66
5065 66
1921 66
2848 66
4051 66
5135 66
1922/66
2849 66
4054 66
5160 66
1923/66
2850 66
4055 66
5186 66
1924/66
2861 66
4115 66
5240 66
2060/66
2869 66
4116 66
5328 66
2064 66
2870 66
4139 66
5329 66
2065 66
2926 66
4140 66
5330 66
2114/66
2930 66
4141 66
5337 66
2159/66
3048 66
4142 66
5339 66
2161/66
3049 66
4149 66
5340 66
2165 66
3056 66
4150/66
5406 66
2166 66
3057 56
4319/66
5407 66
2229 66
3103 66
4328 66
5409 66
2287 66
3104 66
4334 66
5484 66
2337/66
3122 66
4337/66
4 67
2510/66
3133 66
4418 66
5/67
2512/66
3134 66
4439 66
6/67
2525/66
3209 66
4445 66
151/67
2534/66
3211 66
4462 66
152/67
2535/66
3212 66
4529/66
153/67
2536/66
3246 66
4532/66
304/67
2540 66
3247 66
4541/66
315/67
2561/66
3251 66
4562/66
319/67
2566/66
3252 66
4567/66
355/67
2568 66
3317 66
4600 66
356/67
2607 66
3322 66
4611 66
358/67
2608 66
3323 66
4617 66
359 67
2609/66
3324 66
4653 '66
446 67
2610/66
3325 66
4654 '66
448 67
2611/66
3326 66
4677 '66
624 67
2612/66
3351 66
4678 66
716 67
2613 66
3374 66
4683 '66
717 67
2623 '66
3388 66
4684 '66
719 67
2624 66
3406 66
4685 66
903 57
2625/66
3409 66
4686 66
1018 67
2626/66
3461 66
4697/66
1144 67
2627/66
3464 66
4698 66
2628/66
3499 66
4699 66
|the executive council act
Numbers o* Orders-in-Council: 4336 66;
1211 67.
THE PUBLIC LANDS
Nlimhpr^ nf HrHprc-in-
ACT
nniinril
THE GAME AND FISH ACT,
1961-62
1443 66
2615
66
3806 66
5353 66
Numbers of Orders-in-Council
1446 66
2666
66
3808 66
5482 66
3050 66 3568 66
4595
66
4922
66
1448 66
2748
66
3930 66
5483 65
3214 66 3586 66
4599
66
775
67
1633 66
2830
66
3945/66
132 67
3313 66 4240 66
4692
66
913
67
1635 66
2873
66
4046 66
224 67
3407 66 4555 66
4848
66
1896 66
2927
66
4262/66
311 67
MISCELLANEOUS
2069 66
2929
66
4530/66
318/67
Numbers of Orders-in-Council
2072 66
2941
66
4559 66
588 67
1474 66 3311 66
4296
66
742
67
2083 66
2943
66
4598 '66
589 67
3172 66 3681 66
4417
66
2339 66
3021
66
4601 66
884 /67
THE MUNICIPAL ACT
2341 66
3173
66
4613 66
923 67
Numbers of Orders-in-Council
2344 66
3265
66
4700 66
1062/67
1738 66 1763 66
2614
66
2567 66
3310
66
4808-66
1165/67
THE ONTARIO NORTHLAND
2571 66
3316
66
4867 66
1200 67
TRANSPORTATION COMMISSION ACT
2614 66
3682
66
5343 66
■^lumbers of Orders-in-Council
: 4336 66
THE SURVEYORS ACT
THE PROVINCIAL PARKS ACT
Numbers
of Orders-in-
Council
2734 66
■lumbers of Orders-in-Council
THE WOODLANDS IMPROVEMENT ACT
1562 66 4732 66
-1
5188
66
Numbers
of Orders-in-
Council
2854 66
23
OPERATIONS BRANCH
OBJECTIVES
1. To promote public understanding of Department activi-
ties and objectives in the management of Ontario's
renewable, natural resources.
2. To develop and promote good safety practices in forest
v^ork, in recreational activities on public lands and
waters, and in all Department operations.
3. To effect efficiency in purchasing and in other, assigned
services performed for branches and field offices.
ORGANIZATION
Operations Branch is divided into six sections with duties
and responsibilities as follows:
Office Management: Inventory of major equipment; licens-
ing of boats; production of circulars and bulletins; Crown
land records and microfilming; uniform records and issues.
Purchasing: Purchasing of equipment, supplies and ser-
vices; filling requisitions; leases and rentals; arrangements
for travel and conferences.
Central Supply Warehouse: Receipt, security and distribu-
tion of equipment, supplies, uniforms and printed material;
duplicating and collating of forms, letters, bills and reports;
and distribution of licences and publications.
Conservation Information: Publications for public and
special groups; weekly and special press releases; articles
and background material for outside agencies; display and
classified advertisements; photo, slide and cut services;
reference library and clipping service; and supply of in-
formation to public.
Conservation Education: Display material for Department
exhibits; production and purchase of motion films for
general showing and for tefevision; film supply service;
program material for radio and television; lecture service.
Accident Control: Administration of The Loggers' Safety
Act; Hunter Safety Program; safety program in Provincial
Parks; staff safety; first aid program; and Workmen's
Compensation.
PURCHASING SECTION
Supplies such as office needs, stationery and purchases
were stored in quantities based on consumption rates in th^
warehouse and shipped upon requisition. Equipment and
larger supplies such as trucks, boats, hose, furniture and
chemicals etc., were purchased on requisitions from field
offices and shipped directly to destination.
Requirements of all ten Branches were either supplied from
warehouse stock or purchased directly as applicable.
OFFICE MANAGEMENT SECTION
Inventory of major equipment belonging to the Department,
including trucks, cars, boats, canoes, power plants, shop
equipment, tools, fire hose, outboard motors and office
machines etc., was conducted.
Circulars and bulletins required by the Department were
processed and distributed after approval by the Circular
Board. Circulars and bulletins are revised annually.
There are 1,380 on the staff who wear the Department's
uniform, including seasonal Parks staff. Requirements are
included in the estimates for the coming fiscal year.
Records pertinent to all Crown lands of the Province are,
housed in Records Office. Duties performed included
assembly, indexing and classifications of all incoming
correspondence, and compiling and distribution of ne.-.
files.
Communication with the Federal Department of Transport,
for the purpose of licensing Department boats was main-
tained. Some marine units of the Department require
only a licence number, while others require registratior
certificate.
Various special assignments were also carried out.
CENTRAL SUPPLY WAREHOUSE SECTION
stockroom: In the course of the fiscal year, supplies anc
equipment shipped by the Section amounted to 244 tons
In the same period, the Section received a total of 348 tons
Shipments were made by express, freight, transport anc
mail, and by internal supply to Department offices.
Duplicating, collating and distributing: Forms, reports, book
lets, letters, circulars and bulletins, many of which are con
tinuously being revised, were produced. Collating anc
distribution were as follows:
Information bulletins 71,41C
Circulars 21,875
News releases 176,80C
Extracts from Fishery Regulations 9,949
Summary of Fishing Regulations 819,00C
Summary of Hunting Regulations 740,00C
Game and Fisheries Act 26,091
Commercial Fishing in Ontario 57,204
Safety "Bits and Pieces" 98,941
Miscellaneous stapling and distribution 260,251
Total 2,281,501
Licence issuing: Thirty types of hunting, angling, bait fish
roll net, dip net, frog, guide, trapping, trap-line and dog
licences were issued to licence issuers and District offices
The number of licences prepared and checked for mailing
and express totalled 1,756,000 and were forwarded on 15,232
invoices to more than 3,000 issuers. 168,900 Provincial Park
annual vehicle permits, 378,000 daily permits, 304,900 camp'
site permits and 290,500 fur seals were distributed.
Uniforms: The Department's uniform stock apparel was
carried out and shipped to personneJ as authorized by
requisition.
CONSERVATION INFORMATION SECTION
During the past fiscal year, the Section worked through
many media to disseminate information on the protection
and management of the renewable, natural resources under
the Department's administration.
Releases
Every week, the Lands and Forests news release circulated
Department news and regulations and informed opinion in
a form easily adapted by outside agencies. The mailing list
of 3,500 included all newspapers, broadcasting stations and
outdoor writers in Ontario, as well as magazines, trade
papers, forest industries, conservation groups, and hunters'
and anglers' clubs and associations. Ontario's tourist trade
was assisted by the use of news release material by writers
and commentators outside the Province. Each release
carried a list of coming events of interest to recreational.
scientific and industrial groups in fields touching on the
Department's administration. The French translation of the
news release had a weekly circulation of 155.
News of more than normal urgency was supplied directly
to important news outlets by press releases.
Special appeals were prepared for news media in season to
enlist public support of Lands and Forests programs, prin-
cipally in forest fire prevention and hunter safety.
Editorial services for outside agencies increased the con-
centration of conservation messages. Articles and back-
ground material were prepared on request. Speech material
was prepared for Department personnel invited to address
public meetings.
Services
The Photograph Library loaned 9,500 black-and-white prints
and 1,000 colour transparencies to newspapers and maga-
zines during the year. Section photographers took photo-
graphs on assignment and supplied prints from the dark-
room at short notice. Sets of slides or prints were supplied
on request to illustrate lectures. The library now has 35,000
negatives and 4,700 colour transparencies.
During the year, 35,300 answers were returned by mail to
persons requesting information on C-'own lands, outdoor
recreation, nature study, forest industry and forest tree
planting. In addition, numerous requests were answered by
telephone.
The Reference Library circulated periodicals and press
clippings.
To call for tenders on timber cutting, etc., 228 advertise-
ments were placed in 46 newspapers during the year.
*Publications, 1966-67
FISH AND WILDLIFE
Summary of the Ontario Fishery Regulations
Summary of the Ontario Hunting Regulations
Summary of the Ontario Regulations Which Apply to
Trapping and Fur-Dealing
The Game and Fish Act and the Ontario Fishery
Regulations
The Deer Hunt in Ontario
The Moose Hunt in Ontario
OUTDOOR RECREATION
The Scent of Death
Instructors' Guide in Hunter Safety Training
Why Hunter Safety Training? (Revised)
So You Want to Go Camping? (Revised)
How to Survive in the Woods (Revised)
Arrayed-in-Wampum ($2.50)
PROVINCIAL PARKS
Provincial Parks of Ontario (map folder)
Canoe Routes of the North Georgian Bay Recreational
Reserve
Canoe Routes of Quetico Provincial Park (Revised)
Game Fish and Fishing in Algonquin Provincial Park
Check-List of Birds, Lake Superior Provincial Park
Check-List of Mammals, Lake Superior Provincial Park
Check-List of Trees, Shrubs and Woody Vines, Pinery
Provincial Park
!Check-List of Ferns, Fern Allies and Herbaceous Flowering
Plants, Pinery Provincial Park
Check-List of Mammals, Rondeau Provincial Park (Revised)
:Check-List of Fishes, Amphibians and Reptiles, Rondeau
Provincial Park (Revised)
Check-List of Trees, Shrubs and Woody Vines, Rondeau
Provincial Park (Revised)
Check-List of Ferns, Fern Allies and Herbaceous Flowering
Plants, Rondeau Provincial Park (Revised)
Check-List of Birds, Algonquin Provincial Park (Revised)
FORESTS
Forestry Ascistance to Private Landowners in Ontario
Some Aspects of the Christmas Tree Industry in Ontario
Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in Ontario
Manual of Scaling Instructions (Revised)
Manual of Seed Collecting (Revised)
Photographic Interpretation of Tree Species in Ontario
(Revised)
Midhurst Forest Station (Revised)
St. Williams Forest Station (Revised)
Tower Jack (Revised)
The Forest Fires Prevention Act
The Crown Timber Act, etc.
ADMINISTRATION
Annual Report of the Minister of Lands and Forests
Part I — Detailed
Part II — Highlights
A Statistical Reference of Lands and Forests Administration
Ontario Forest Technical School (Prospectus)
Ontario Forest Technical School (Information Brochure)
Ontario Forest Technical School Year Book
Ontario Junior Forest Ranger Program
Eight Weeks in the Woods (Junior Rangers)
Manual of Instructions to Permit Issuers in Provincial Parks
Manual of Instructions to Issuers of Angling and Hunting
Licences
Procedure in Reporting Workmen's Compensation Board
Costs
The Loggers' Safety Act
'Technical papers and management reports are not Included.
"RENEWING NATURE'S WEALTH"
To place important facts on record before they were lost
to knowledge or contemporary interpretation, the Depart-
ment had long planned to publish a history of natural
resources and their administration from the earliest days.
Preliminary research work was done by Branches under the
direction of the History Committee formed in 1963. The
committee was guided by the advice of Professor J. M. S.
Careless, Head of the History Department, University of
Toronto.
Early in 1965, the Department contracted for the services
of the author, Richard S. Lambert, M.A. (Wadham College,
Oxford), the winner of the Governor-General's medal for
juvenile literature in 1949 and the author of 30 books in-
cluding five history texts approved for use in Ontario
schools. Mr. Lambert shared the authorship with Paul
Pross, M.A. (Queen's), Ph.D. (Toronto). Research work was
assisted by a team of graduate history students from the
University of Toronto.
"Renewing Nature's Wealth, A Centennial History of the
Public Management of Lands, Forests and Wildlife in
Ontario" was presented to the public in June, 1967, by Prime
Minister John P. Robarts.
The 648-page volume was printed by Hunter Rose Company
Limited, Toronto. The bulk of the 10,000 press run was dis-
tributed through book stores at $9.50 per copy by Copp Clark
Publishing Company, Toronto.
CONSERVATION EDUCATION SECTION
Conservation Education Section conducts an educational
program which consists of the type of appeals calculated
to attract public interest and explain in easily understand-
able terms the need for the wise use of renewable, natural
resources.
VISUAL EDUCATION
The Sections' film library contains 233 titles, with two or
more prints of many of the titles. All films are available for
loan to field offices upon request. During the year approxi-
mately 1,350 films were shipped to field offices in answer
to requests received. Each district has its own projector and
it has access to regional film libraries as well as head office
film library.
The Section loaned 16mm. motion picture projectors, 35mm.
slide projectors, screens and films to Provincial Parks offer-
ing an interpretative program to the public during the
summer months.
During the year, the following films were added to head
office and field film libraries:
Black Duck
Boreal Forest
Canada Goose
Conservation & The
Balance of Nature
Squeak, the Squirrel
The Pond
The Tree
Trout Stream
Whitethroat
Deer Family of North America Wonders in a Country Stream
Forests For The Future Wood Duck Ways
Several thousand feet of motion picture film are available
and being used by televjsion outlets in Ontario. In addition,
a set of 15 one-minute television shorts entitled "Do You
Know?" were made available to the television stations.
Enough stock film footage was taken to assist in making a
start to a new nJrsery film entitled •"Seeds to Trees".
RADIO AND TELEVISION
Radio and television stations throughout the Province have
been most generous in their donations of free time to the
Department, and Districts regularly take advantage of these
opportunities to reach the public. In addition to radio pro-
grams, several Districts now conduct regular, live television
broadcasts of their own. This Section also supplies Districts
with films for use on television.
EXHIBITS
Visual conservation appeals are featured in the Depart-
ment's exhibits at many of the shows and fairs in Ontario.
The major exhibits handled through this Section were as
follows:
Canadian National Exhibition, Toronto: The exhibit in the
Ontario Government Building included sport fishes, snakes,
animals and birds of Ontario with educational material on
each. Other displays featured available lands for recreation,
hunter safety training, a scale model of a burning forest fire
showing the methods of forest fire fighting and the equip-
ment used, a scale model of a typical Provincial Park and a
display featuring the story of "seed to tree." The Conserva-
tion Poster Contest for elementary school children from six
to 14 years of age was held again this year. A Grand Prize
of $100.(X) was presented for the best poster. First, second
and third prizes, in each of three age groups, in the amounts
of $50.00, $25.00 and $15.00 were awarded. 30 "Honourable
Mentions", ten in each age group, were presented with
books.
Canadian National Sportsmen's Show, Toronto: This exhibi
featured the fish and wildlife pavilion. Snakes, surveys
forest protection, parks, hunter safety, fur and timber wen
also displayed.
Central Canada Exhibition, Ottawa: Display consisted o
animals, birds and the "Seed to Tree" story.
Royal Agricultural Winter Fair, Toronto: The largest of ou
displays at the Royal so far which featured the story o
reforestation from the initial stages — i.e., cones, seeds
seedlings, through shipping to the woodlot owner and th(
proper planting methods. Also featured this year was th(
animal section of the pavilion, 16 cages of animals anc
birds, and a hunter safety display.
Full co-operation was also given to District Offices partici
pating in sportsmen's shows and agricultural fairs such a;
the Western Fair at London, the International Plowing Matc^
at Seaforth, the Timmins Sportsmen's Show and thf
Chatham Sportsmen's Show.
LECTURE TOURS
The Department kept in touch with the public through fish
and game association, schools, church groups, service clubs
and youth organizations. Illustrated lectures were given or
all aspects of the Department's work. Much progress was
made with programs at boys' and girls' summer camps ir
the Georgian Bay area.
The Department's head office and field staff presented 2,57f
lectures to audiences totalling 209,502 during the past fisca
year. Ontario Forestry Association personnel gave 1,06?
lectures in meetings attended by 29,965.
ACCIDENT CONTROL SECTION
THE LOGGERS' SAFETY ACT
Inspection of logging operations and investigation of acci-
dents have been carried out by the Department's 10 Acci-
dent Control officers.
During 1966, approximately 824 inspections of logging
operations were made and it was found necessary to apply
seven "stop work" orders and many warnings for infringe-
ments of the said Act. Accident Control officers in the field
attended approximately % meetings having regard to the
application and enforcement of the Act, and to stress the
value of .safety education in the logging industry. During the
year 15 fatalities were reported and investigated, plus 2,28fi
non-fatal accidents.
A program of safety education, including safety awards and
seminars for foremen and supervisors in the logging indus-l
try, has been proposed and is being considered. By this
means it is hoped that the accident frequency rate in this
industry will be reduced.
HUNTER SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM
Designed to teach hunters safe and proper gun handling,
this program was initiated in the fall of 1957 on a voluntary
basis. Game and fish clubs agreed to supply instructors and
teach the course to young hunters. In remote areas where
there are no clubs, the teaching is the responsibility of the
Department.
Applications for instructors are screened and approved at
District offices. Training material is then sent, followed by
a brassard from head office. Instructors' workshops are held
frequently, where problems can be solved, policy explained
and new teaching methods demonstrated. Available to clubs
on loan are films, slides, and defective firearms for use in
classroom demonstrations. District offices supply instruc-
tors with manuals, literature, registration cards, report
cards, certificates of competence, safety posters, etc.
Instructors are covered by liability insurance for personal
and property damage.
Game and fish clubs instruct approximately 54 per cent of
the students, the remainder being instructed in organiza-
tions such as Boy Scouts, service clubs, cadet corps,
Canadian Legion, etc.
In 1966, 19,342 students graduated compared to 17,577 in
1965, making a total of 121,953 graduates since the program
was commenced in 1957.
Statistics of hunting accidents show a total of 130 (13 fatal,
117 non-fatal) for 1966.
SAFETY IN PROVINCIAL PARKS
Accident Control officers make frequent inspections during
the season in Provincial Parks reporting on unsafe condi-
tions and hazardous objects that might prevail when people
congregate. The findings are brought to the attention of the
park superintendent or District Forester for remedial
action. The safety section is not responsible for the beach
patrol maintained by the Parks Branch.
During the months July to September, the Department
sponsored a "Water Safety Demonstration" program pre-
sented by the Ontario Safety League. The demonstrations
were given in most of the 92 provincial parks and were
viewed by more ♦han 150,000 during 1966.
WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION
Workmen's Compensation costs and the number of claims
submitted have increased for the fiscal year. The total
number of compensable claims was 588, an increase of 21
over that for the previous fiscal year. Total cost of Depart-
ment claims was $171,315.47, an increase of $26,642,76.
Average cost per claim was $159.00, an increase of $41.00
per claim.
Increased costs can be attributed mainly to higher wages
being paid in 1966-67, upon which workmen's compensation
was computed. Current medical aid and compensation in-
creased by $18,928.52. Pensions, and medical aid plus
compensation pertaining thereto, increased by $5,567.63.
There were 20 high cost claims totalling $43,634.78, account-
ing for 53 per cent of the total cost of medical aid and
compensation.
Cost of fire fighting increased by approximately $600.00.
A greater number of junior rangers were employed. Injury
claims increased by 35, and cost of all junior ranger per-
sonnel increased by $6,905.78.
Average number of employees increased by 461 but .5 per
cent fewer employees were injured.
There was one death in the fiscal year, but the deceased
was single and a pension was not required. Three new
pensions commenced in the fiscal year and were made
retroactive to 1965.
FOREST PROTECTION BPRANCH
OBJECTIVES
1. To protect Provincial forest lands against damage by fire
and pests to the degree warranted by requirements for
wood products, recreation and other public needs.
2. To protect life and property from forest fires.
3. To encourage and promote the protection of privately-
owned forest lands.
4. To provide flying and communication services and to
administer the construction and equipment program for
the Department.
ORGANIZATION
Forest Protection Branch is divided into two Sections and
their subordinate units with duties and responsibilities as
follows.
FOREST PROTECTION
Forest Fire Control: Administration of The Forest Fires
Prevention Act; organization of fire districts and the fire
warden system; supervision of fire control planning and
preparedness; fire prevention programs including a system
of travel, fire and work permits; co-operative fire prevention
and control agreements with Municipalities, Railways, Forest
Industries and other agencies; detection of forest fires and
fire danger warnings; training of staff and co-operators in
fire control techniques; prescribed burning; co-ordination of
fire suppression, movement of resources and emergency
arrangements.
Forest Pest Control: Prevention and control of damage by
insects, diseases and other pests affecting forests under
Department management; advisory services.
Communications: Planning, installation and operation of
radio, telephone and teletype services for fire control and
other Department requirements; construction of specialized
communication equipment.
Plant and Equipment: Planning, budgeting and supervision
of Departmental construction, equipment and sign pro-
grams; inventory of Department establishments; liaison with
Department of Public Works; prescribing equipment comple-
ments, maintenance and replacement standards; vehicle
records, licensing and insurance.
AIR SERVICE
Operates a fleet of aircraft to meet flying requirements of
the Department and special needs of other Government
Departments; selection and training of pilots and air
engineers; deployment of aircraft and crews; establishment
of air bases; fuel distribution and caches; selection of air-
craft equipment and development of special equipment;
leasing and disposition of helicopters and other aircraft;
checking pilot proficiency and the overhaul and mainten-
ance of aircraft.
FOREST FIRE PROTECTION
Forest Fire Control
THE 1966 FIRE RECORD
During the 1966 season, 1.921 forest fires occurred in
Ontario, burning 14,415 acres. Although this is the fifth
highest number of fires recorded since the year 1917, th.
acreage burned was the fourth lowest over the same perioc
of time.
The average area burned per fire of 7.5 acres is the second
lowest recorded and only surpassed by the 1959 average fire
size of 5.0 acres.
STATISTICS
The month of July shattered all records since 1936 for the
most fires occurring in any one month. A total of 906 fires
started during this month.
The trend to higher fire occurrence continued in 1966. The
average incidence over the past five years of 1,674 fires is
28 per cent greater than the previous five year average of
1,304 fires.
FIRE PREVENTION
On July 29th 1966, a historical plaque was unveiled near
Matheson, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the
forest fires which ravaged Matheson and other neighbouring
communities during July 1916. This program was carried
out in co-operation with the Ontario Forestry Association.
The Matheson fire of 1916 is the worst in recorded Canadian
history, taking a total of 223 lives.
FIRE DETECTION
As part of a fire detection improvement program, further
infrared detection trials were conducted in 1966. Unfortun-
ately, the modified system was not available for field testing
until late in August of 1966. The system was mounted on the
wing-tip of a Turbo-Beaver aircraft and test-flown for a two
week period in Northwestern Ontario. One wildfire (approxi-
mately 200 acres) was flown and mapped while increasing
in size and during the mop-up and patrol stage. The film
results were good. In addition, a lightning fire was dis-
covered for the first time by this system before being
reported by any other reporting agency. It is planned to
operate this unit for the complete 1967 fire season for
further evaluation.
An aircraft detection study, initiated in Sault Ste. Marie
District in 1963, was expanded to include two additional
areas of approximately 2,000 square miles each in the
vicinity of Kenora and Temagami. Within the two new study
areas the regular detection system functioned normally and
independantly from the aircraft system. Although results
were favourable, additional studies are required before the
system can be considered operational.
TRAINING
Some 260 Department personnel have now completed the
intensive five-week fire suppression instructor training
course. Graduates of this course carried out individual
District and Division training programs. Reduced fire losses
and improved management of fire fighting operations have
been experienced as a result of the program.
Approximately 300 Indians received a 10-day fire suppression
training course. This force was organized into 10 or 15-man
crews, and maintained at key headquarters across the
Province for the duration of the fire season.
A short training course was developed on law enforcement
and fire investigation procedures as they apply to the
Forest Fires Prevention Act.
p
One five-day introductory course was conducted for 12 field
supervisory staff on "Synoptic Scale Weather Phenomenon".
The course was designed to familiarize personnel with
weather phenomena as they are related to lofcal fire
conditions.
A training film was produced during 1966 covering the sett-
ing up of motor pumps and handling of hose by nozzle
crews.
The preparation of a programmed learning booklet on the
subject of "Fire Behaviour" was initiated during the latter
part of 1%6. This approach to training allows each person
to learn at his own individual rate. Further applications of
this technique will be considered after the initial effort is
fully tested and assessed.
EQUIPMENT
During 1966, a combination sferics-radar system was used
to plot lightning storm movement in northwestern Ontario.
The objective was to delineate areas requiring intensified
detection coverage. Results were encouraging and evalua-
tion work with a full-time summer student and an improved
sferics installation will be continued during 1967. This study
will be tied in closely with evaluation work on airborne
infrared detection equipment.
AIR OPERATIONS
The water bombing systems, designed late in 1965 for the
Department by Field Aviation, is now completely operational.
The system was designed to give the option of using plain
water or "Gelgard" additive. Several Otters, equipped with
the system, operated during the 1966 fire season and were
very successful in their water drop operations. Test pattern
analysis carried out by the National Research Council,
Flight Research Section and Department of Lands and
Forests personnel indicate a pattern of approximately 165 x
25 feet with a concentration of 5.2 gallons per 100 s.f. or an
average of 0.1" over the pattern. Recovery was 75 per cent,
which compares favourably with previous tests.
At the present time, a similar system is being produced for
use in Turbo-Beaver aircraft and it is expected that 10 Otter
and 15 Turbo-Beaver aircraft will be operational by the
Spring of 1967. In addition, an integral float system will be
developed and installed in a Twin Otter aircraft in 1967.
The anticipated maximum load is about 400 gallons. This
development greatly improves the performance of the
smaller water bombing aircraft and eliminates the special
water tanks that were formerly required.
An air operations study has been initiated to provide guide-
lines to the present and long term development of the Air
Service. The type of aircraft, numbers, mix, deployment and
management will be considered in the study.
PRESCRIBED BURNING
21 prescribed burns were carried out in 1966, covering a
total of 4,535 acres. 19 of these burns were carried out in
conifer logging slash. The object of the majority of the
burns was to prepare the sites for planting, and at the same
time reduce the hazard by the elimination of slash. One
burn was carried out to prepare seedbeds for natural
regeneration and three were conducted to eliminate fire
hazards. Two experimental burns irr hardwood were carried
out as part of a continuing hardwood regeneration project.
GENERAL DEVELOPMENTS
The provincial nozzle crew competition was held again in
1966 with much enthusiasm shown by field staff. This year's
award was won by a crew from White River district.
Forest Pest Control
SURVEYS
Each year this Department participates in the Ontario
portion of the Canada-wide forest insect and disease survey
of the Federal Government. Detailed information concerning
the occurrence and distribution of specific insects and
diseases is contained in the survey's annual report. Atten-
tion is drawn here to a few well-known pests of special
interest.
For the third consecutive year, there have not been any
serious spruce budworm infestations in Ontario, although
the insect was found without difficulty in many locations.
A few scattered light infestations occurred across northern
Ontario, and the moderately heavy infestation of long
standing in a white spruce plantation in the Uxbridge Forest
persisted in 1%6.
The jack pine budworm, a close relative of the spruce bud-
worm, which has not been a serious problem in Ontario for
almost 30 years, occurred in epidemic numbers in 1966 in
the western part of the Kenora and Fort Frances Districts,
and at scattered locations as far east as Manitoulin Island.
This insect has caused noticeable defoliation in parts of
northwestern Ontario for the past few years, but the
increases in 1966 may be more significant.
The most spectacular insect in many parts of Ontario's
forest for the past five years has been the forest tent cater-
pillar. In 1966, this insect declined in Ontario as a whole.
Partly as a result of unfavourable spring weather, the
infestation virtually collapsed in northwestern Ontario and
in the Kapuskasing District, where it had covered 35,000
square miles the previous year. In central and southern
Ontario, the infestation occurred in widely scattered loca-
tions from Sault Ste. Marie to Kemptville, and there was a
small increase in the total area affected. Epidemics of the
insect appear every 10 or 12 years, but very little permanent
damage is done to the deciduous trees.
Populations of the larch sawfly continued to increase in
northern Ontario and to decline in the northeastern and
southern portions of the Province. In keeping with rising
populations of the insects on the Prairies, defoliation was
most noticeable in the Kenora and Fort Frances Districts.
In southern Ontario, high populations of the insect were
confined mostly to plantations of European larch.
The European pine sawfly — an insect native to Europe
which entered Ontario via Windsor about 1940 — continued
to spread and increase in severity. The insect feeds princi-
pally on Scots, red and jack pines. During 1966, the eastern
boundary of its occurrence extended eastward about 10
miles and is now a line roughly from Waubaushene to
Orillia, Lindsay and to Brighton on Lake Ontario. An isolated
outbreak also exists in Belleville. Last year, the insect was
reported for the first time in Manitoulin Island. A special
effort is being made to control its numbers on the island in
order to delay spread to the mainland.
The most noticeable tree disease in Ontario is the Dutch
elm disease. The range of occurrence of the disease
remained as reported in 1965, but the rate of mortality in
elms increased greatly in many localities of southern
Ontario.
For several years, young plantations of red and jack pines
in the Kirkwood Forest have suffered high mortality and
establishment of young stands has been very difficult. In
1962, the destructive organism responsible for this problem
was identified as the Scleroderris canker. High disease
losses attributed to this canker in several plantations, as
well as in the Thessalon and Swastika nurseries, prompted
a special effort in 1966 to determine the extent of the
disease in the Province. It was found to occur frequently
in young red and jack pine plantations in north-central and
north-eastern Ontario, but to be practically absent from
northwestern and southern Ontario. Further studies will be
conducted to determine the potential impact of the disease
on the reforestation program.
CONTROL
For the past few years, the forest insect causing greatest
economic damage has been the white pine weevil. Control
methods during 1%6 involved spraying with knapsack
sprayers, using helicopters and hand clipping and burning
infested leading shoots. A total of 2.800 acres of young
white pine were treated.
Slightly over 4,200 acres of plantations were sprayed from
the ground and air with chemicals for control oif sawflies —
principally the red-headed pine sawfly and the European
pine sawfly. An insecticidal virus was also sprayed to control
the European pine sawfly. In an effort to avoid hazardous
side-effects of DDT in rural areas, especially among fish, the
Department initiated and co-ordinated a project with private
tree farmers using the insecticide phosphamidon, applied
by helicopter. Results were satisfactory and the method is
expected to become standard practice.
About 650 acres of sod-covered sites were treated for control
of white grubs, as well as small acreages of similar sites for
control of mice, where these pests threaten the survival
of newly planted trees.
The major tree-killing disease in the forests of Ontario is
the blister rust of white pine. A substantial disease-control
program, which is part of the broader intensive management
of white pine, has been in progress for many years. The
disease is controlled by using the herbicide 2.4,5-T to kill
the obligate host plants, wild currants and gooseberries, in
the immediate vicinity of the pines. In 1966, more than 3,300
acres of high-value young pine stands were protected
against the blister rust in parts of the Sault Ste. Marie,
North Bay, Tweed, Kemptville and Lake Huron Districts.
The relatively new disease of plantations in southern Ontario
— fomes root rot — is now prevented through the applica-
tion of a chemical to the freshly cut surface of stumps
during thinning operations. About 500 acres of thinnings
were treated in 1966.
In an effort to provide additional skilled labour for removal
of diseased elm trees, the Department initiated and co-
ordinated an interdepartmental project to train Indian young
men for this work, 55 of whom completed the course. Any
further training projects will be initiated only after a com-
plete evaluation of the results achieved.
Communications
A small increase (eight per cent) was recorded in radio-
grams sent and received over the radio system in 1966, with
117,845 messages totalling 5,470,564 words being sent. Seven
more VHF radio installations were added to the system
located at Nipigon, Copper Lake, Kingston, Alexandria and
Lanark and bringing the total to 177 points served.
Major equipment acquisitions included 30 VHF mobile
radiotelephone installations and 50 VHF Walkie-Talkies. A
start was also made on a program to install VOR electronic
navigation equipment in each aircraft of the Department's
fleet of 41 machines. In addition, complete electronic com-
munication and navigation installations were effected in
nine new Turbo-Beaver aircraft.
The 1966 inventory of 2,605 pieces of two-way radio com-
munications equipment comprised:
352 Lookout Tower VHF radiotelephones.
579 Mobile VHF radiotelephones.
15 Patrol vessel radiotelephones.
1,218 Portable radio telephones of all types and power
outputs, both HF and VHF.
320 Fixed location ground station radiotelephones of ail
types and powers, both HF and VHF.
41 Aircraft Radio Installations (4 systems in each
aircraft).
60 Portable VHF aircraft radiotelephones for installation'
in other than Government aircraft.
20 Aircraft Ground Hailers.
Table 1
NUMBER OF FOREST FIRES AND AREA BURNED BY DISTRICTS
1962 1963
District
Sioux Lookout
Kenora
Fort Frances
Port Arthur
Geraldton
Kapuskasing
Cochrane
Swastika
Chapleau
Gogama
Sault Ste. Marie
Sudbury
White River
North Bay
Parry Sound
Pembroke
Tweed
Kemptville
Lindsay
Lake Huron
Lake Simcoe
Fires
59
50
10
46
31
30
26
41
23
44
80
332
22
141
258
128
106
57
10
27
Acres
1,300
260
3
106
529
1,566
1,230
790
26
224
384
4,459
78
1,241
349
460
560
200
14
25
Totals: 1,521 13,804
Table 2
NUMBER OF FOREST FIRES AND AREA BURNED OVER BY MONTHS
1962 1963 1964
Months Fires Acres Fires Acres Fires Acres
March — — 3 10 — —
April 135 1,302 311 3,321 164 4,212
May 249 1,715 227 13,593 395 8,630
June 248 4,178 266 27,030 337 6,980
July 466 2,686 550 7,113 620 7,478
August 296 3,618 118 125 141 101
September 99 200 86 108 47 21
October 23 93 290 3,490 65 252
November 5 12 34 1,348 60 450
' Totals 1,521 13304 l7885 56JL38 1,829 28424"
1965
Fires
Acres
1,218 19,904
1%6
Fires
Acres
96
547
81
289
426
2,621
316
5,801
296
11,613
233
4,570
192
2,029
908
2,671
191
3,067
215
615
8
2
113
150
7
24
54
319
2
1
1
—
1,921 14,415
Table 3
CLASSIFICATION OF FOREST FIRES BY SIZE
1962
No.
V4 acre and under 670
Over V4 to 10 acres 744
Over 10 to 100 acres 84
Over 100 to 500 acres 17
Over 500 acres 6
Totals 1,521
1963
1964
1965
1966
No.
No.
No.
No.
693
845
572
998
955
829
560
834
198
122
70
70
30
22
13
14
9
11
3
5
1,885
1,829
1,218
1,921
Table 4
NUMBER OF FIRES BY MEANS OF DETECTION
1963
Fire Lookout Towers 620
Lands and Forests Aircraft 206
Commercial Aircraft 97
Private Aircraft 19
Lands and Forests Personnel 92
Other Provincial Government Employees 27
Public 824
Totals 1,885
1964
1965
1966
611
417
560
178
66
189
55
46
123
34
3
13
116
67
96
41
35
68
794
584
872
1,829
1,218
1,921
Table 5
GENERAL CAUSES OF FOREST FIRES
(NUMBER OF FIRES AND ACREAGE — 1966)
Fires
Lightning 539
Industrial — Logging 15
Industrial — Other 73
Recreation 719
Resident 223
Railways 117
Incendiary 18
Miscellaneous 205
Unknown 12
1,921
Table 6
CAUSES OF FOREST FIRES
(NUMBER OF FIRES — 1966)
BY SOURCE OF IGNITION Fires
Lightning 539
Smoking Material 510
Camp Fires 302
Grass Burn 33
Rubbish Burning 46
Unknown 28
Matches 153
Acres
4,122
23
3,605
2,324
878
666
473
2,305
19
14,415
jle 6 (Continued)
BY SOURCE OF IGNITION Fires
Brush Burn 42
Garbage Dump Burn 48
Right-of-Way Burning 11
Brake Shoe 56
Diesel Locomotive 14
Steam Locomotive —
Hot Box —
Fusee 6
Tie Burning 6
Structural Fires 29
Power Line (Short Circuit) 10
Sparks from Chimney 2
Fireworks 35
Power Saw 4
Mechanical Equipment 16
Spark from Burner 2
Sawdust Pile Burning 4
Burning Bulldozed Piles 4
Explosives 2
Dumped Live Coals or Ashes 2
Miscellaneous (Known) 15
Prescribed Burning 2
Total 1,921
BY RESPONSIBLE GROUP Fires
Lightning 539^
Fisherman • 256
Children 212
Car Passenger 125
Unknown 95
Berry Picker 107
Camper 77
Resident Rural 71
Hunter 40
Farmer .'. 29
Private Cottager 47
Hiker 52
Resident Urban 17
Other Industrial Employee 12
R.R. Section Crew 11
R.R. Train Crew 62
R.R. Work Crew 10
Canoeist 4
Picnicker 21
Commercial Resort Owner 9
Guided Party —
Train Passenger 23
Indian (on Reserve) 9
Timber Cruiser —
Woods Industry Employee 14
Land Survey Party 2
Trapper —
Prospector 1
Mining Employee 8
Pipeline Employee 1
Hydro Employee 21
Highway or Road Employee 3
Municipal Employee 11
Telephone Co. Employee —
Military 1
Miscellaneous 24
L. & F. Employee 3
Other Provincial Government Employee —
Federal Government Employee 2
Youth Groups 2
Total 1,921
Table 7
STATEMENT OF FIRE DAMAGE — 1966
MERCHANTABLE
FOREST LOSSES
Area Cu. Ft. $
Sioux Lookout 394,798 $13,573.97
Kenora 56,163 2,182.00
Fort Frances 19,906 1,179.30
Port Arthur 6,053 310.36
Geraldton 268,520 9,614.60
Kapuskasing 7,055 282.20
Cochrane 85 3.40
Swastika — —
White River — —
Chapleau 513 9.80
Gogama — —
Sault Ste. Marie 500 16.50
Sudbury 41237 1,973.04
North Bay 68,157 3,279.66
Parry Sound 2,000 100.00
Pembroke — —
Tweed 26,105 1,522.97
Lindsay 1,247 76.03
Kemptville 2,250 136.25
Hespeler — —
Maple 11,521 522.00
Ayimer — —
906,110 cu. ft. $34,782.08
MMATURE
NON-FOREST
TOTAL
LOSSES
LOSSES
LOSSES
$
$
$
> 4,215.00
$ -
$ 17.788.97
4,770.00
6,952.00
220.00
—
1,399.30
553.03
3,100.00
3,963.39
3,137.50
—
12,752.10
150.00
14,314.00
14,746.20
163.25
2,900.00
3,066.65
75.00
20,500.00
20,575.00
12.50
—
12.50
20.50
68.75
99.05
125.00
—
125.00
3,208.33
500.00
3,724.83
6,422.06
1,446.25
9,841.35
1,040.00
—
4,319.66
2,177.58
275.00
2,552.58
167.50
167.50
7,641.36
3,000.00
12,164.33
436.25
3,000.00
3,512.28
407.50
—
543.75
318.75
300.00
618.75
1,478.75
53.20
2,053.95
$36,739.86
$49,457.20
$120,979.14
Table 8
FOREST FIRE SUMMARY
Year
Crown
Acres
Private
Acres
Total
Acres
Total No.
of Fires
Averape Fire
Size (Acres)
1925 132,481
1926 65,888
1927 22,772
1928 96,436
1929 608,750
1930 357,531
1931 105,866
1932 626,555
1933 325,034
1934 160,348
1935 183,179
1936 1,153,876
1937 201,887
1938 96,168
1939 26,089
1940 100,990
1941 271,793
1942 77,709
1943 33,465
1944 73,228
1945 17,997
1946 44,656
1947 38,093
1948 754,778
1949 40,593
1950 13,203
1951 96,662
1952 7,264
1953 44,519
1954 36,115
1955 370,948
57,062
22,486
12,970
3,947
16,893
354,278
32,421
52,466
24,924
38,285
67,483
110,557
22,859
42,077
3,009
20,624
394,754
36,007
19,352
95,663
30,513
32,113
45,939
162,611
19,472
23,577
4,581
5,157
14,290
18,578
25,475
189,543
88,374
35,742
100,383
625,643
711,809
138,287
679,021
349,958
198,633
250,662
1,264,433
224,746
138,245
29,098
121,614
666,547
113,716
52,817
168,891
48,510
76,769
84,032
1,017,389
60,065
36,780
101,243
12,421
58,809
54,693
396,423
1,149
1,110
924
536
1,550
1,402
1,851
2,073
1,919
1,568
1,309
2,264
1,453
1,292
961
1,014
1,265
1,224
624
1,137
966
1,739
1,393
2,036
1,834
985
904
1,095
1,520
881
2,252
165
80
39
187
404
508
75
328
182
127
191
558
155
107
30
120
527
93
85
149
50
44
60
500
33
37
112
11
39
62
176
Table 8
FOREST FIRE SUMMARY
(Continued)
Crown
Private
Total
Total No.
A' erape Fire
Year
Acres
Acres
Acres
of Fires
Size (Acres)
1956
221,822
4,390
226,212
1,017
222
1957
24,250
22,401
46,651
1,671
28
1958
25,544
11,108
36,652
1,558
24
1959
2,580
2,701
5,281
1,029
5
1960
29,190
2,196
31.386
956
33
1961
1,180,900
3,828
1,184,728
1,305
908
1962
7,583
6,221
13,804
1,521
9
1963
40,692
15,446
56,138
1,885
30
1964
22,463
5,661
28,124
1,829
15
1%5
14,995
4,909
19,904
1,218
16
1966
8,453
5,962
14,415
1,921
6
AIR SERVICE SECTION
Nine De Havilland Turbo-Beavers and one Twin Otter were
purchased to replace 10 piston powered Beavers which were
sold by public tender.
The "Ontario Integral Float Water Bombing System" was
installed in a total of 10 Otters and 15 Turbo-Beavers; two
Otters and two Turbo-Beavers were also equipped with
Gelgard dispensing systems. Development of the water
bombing system in the Twin Otter is underway with the Air-
craft expected to be operational by August 1957.
26 bases were in operation during the fire season. 12 of
these bases provide year-round flying service necessary in
resources management work. Total flying time for the year
was 14,752:40 hours, total personnel and passengers carried
36,702. Total loads carried 13,200,064 pounds. 17 Mercy
Flights totalling 25:15 hours were carried out. Five heli-
copters were leased from May 1st to September 30th to
provide transportation in fighting fires.
The following tables provide further details on air operations:
Table 9
HOURS FLOWN AT OPERATING BASES 1966-67
BASE
HOURS FLOWN
TYPE OF AIRCRAFT
Algonquin Park
Carey Lake
Caribou Lake
*Chapleau
*Fort Frances
*Geraldton
*Gogama
Kenogami Lake
*Kenora
Lauzon Lake
Nym Lake
Parry Sound
Pays Plat
*Pembroke
Pickle Lake
*Port Arthur
Red Lake
Remi Lake
*Sault Ste. Marie
*Sioux Lookout
*South Porcupine
*Sudbury
Temagami
•Toronto Island Airport
Tweed
White River
Air Service, General ....
17:45
363:00
325:45
334:50
563:35
811:30
604:05
359:25
,101:20
319:55
246:05
352:10
365:00
710:15
383:55
647:50
299:10
352:35
,253:40
,261:55
504:55
815:10
384:55
993:50
385:25
561:25
433:15
Beaver
Beaver
Beaver
Turbo Beaver and Beaver
Turbo Beaver
Turbo Beaver, Beaver and Otter
Turbo Beaver
Beaver
Turbo Beaver, Beaver and Otter
Beaver
Beaver
Beaver
Beaver
Turbo Beaver and Otter
Otter
Turbo Beaver and Otter
Otter
Beaver
Turbo Beaver and Otter
Turbo Beaver and Otter
Turbo Beaver and Otter
Turbo Beaver and Otter
Beaver
Turbo Beaver, Twin Otter and Widgeon
Beaver
Beaver (2)
Turbo Beaver, Beaver
14,752:40
'Denotes Year-Round Base
Table 10
HOURS FLOWN ON VARIOUS PHASES OF FLYING OPERATIONS 1966-67
LANDS AND FORESTS
Aircraft Fixed Wing
COMMERCIAL
Helicopters Helicopters
(Contract) (Others)
Totals
Fire Ranging 4,148:25 1,565:15
1,292:15 350:25
7,356:20
(Detection, Suppression, Water Dropping)
Timber IVlanagement 1,266:40
Fish and Wildlife 3,761:45
Lands 469:45
Parks 298:15
Research 277:35
Interdepartmental Flying 561:55
Administration 3,968:20
21:50
69:20
32:45
199:35
140:50
13:10
26:00
29:45
11:10
29:05
3:00
63:00
1:00
13:10
26:50
218:55
—
14,752:40
1,913:40
1,784:10
409:30
1,390:35
4,115:20
525:30
338:30
280:35
639:05
4,214:05
"18,860:00
BREAKDOWN OF ADMINISTRATION
LANDS AND FORESTS
Aircraft
Mercy Flights 25:15
Tests (Radio and Aircraft) 323:40
Ferrying and Instructions —
Entomology 86:40
Forced Landings and Operations 716:30
Transportation 2,816:15
Surveys —
COMMERCIAL
Fixed Wing Helicopters
Totals
25:15
323:40
147:25
86:40
756:25
2,874:40
26:50
BEAVER:
CF-OBS 6,482:10
CF-OCA 4,978:15
CF-OCB 6,112:20
CF-OCD 4,900:40
CF-OCE 5,891:55
CF-OCG 4,445:55
CF-OCH 5,132:45
CF-OCK 5,193:15
CF-OCL 4,568:05
CF-OCN 5,591:25
CF-OCP 6,307:00
CF-OCT 5,800:15
CF-OCV 4,849:55
CF-OCX 4,833:15
CF-OCZ 3,747:55
CF-ODA 4,350:55
CF-ODB 5,184:35
CF-ODC 5,958:45
CF-ODD 2,388:55
CF-ODE 4,070:25
CF-ODF 4,173:00
CF-ODG 5,318:30
CF-ODO 1,140:00
CF-ODS 1,182:55
OTTER:
CF-ODJ 4,036:15
CF-ODK 3,232:30
CF-ODL 3,805:55
CF-ODP 2,729:10
CF-ODQ 3,132:55
CF-ODU 1,863:20
CF-ODV 2,581:35
CF-ODW 1,700:25
CF-ODX 1,172:35
CF-ODY 894:10
147:25
39:55
31:35
3,968:20
26:50
218:55 4,214:05
Table 11
AIRCRAFT FLYING TIME AND TRANSPORT
FLYING TIME
AIRCRAFT 1924-1966 1966-1967
TOTAL
EFFECTIVE LOADS
1966-1967
365:55
6,848:05
62 tons
265 pounds
:30
4,978:45
—
—
380:35
6,492:55
102 tons
405 pounds
340:25
5,241:05
111 tons
1,194 pounds
385:25
6,277:20
169 tons
774 pounds
323:35
4,769:30
186 tons
263 pounds
388:40
5,521:25
101 tons
1,259 pounds
137:10
5,330:25
54 tons
1,560 pounds
285:45
4,853:50
63 tons
1,651 pounds
309:10
5,900:35
9 tons
680 pounds
328:10
6,635:10
85 tons
645 pounds
327:10
6,127:25
81 tons
548 pounds
352:50
5,202:45
99 tons
1,030 pounds
221:45
5,055:00
55 tons
1,049 pounds
267:05
4,015:00
76 tons
1,270 pounds
17:45
4,368:40
2 tons
755 pounds
353:20
5,537:55
97 tons
1,515 pounds
476:15
6,435:00
124 tons
1,031 pounds
232:30
2,621:25
77 tons
394 pounds
334:50
4,405:15
87 tons
1,460 pounds
266:10
4,439:10
135 tons
297 pounds
300:25
5,618:55
61 tons
1,875 pounds
227:05
1,367:05
58 tons
430 pounds
472:10
1,655:05
118 tons
1,396 pounds
489:10
4,525:25
198 tons
1,200 pounds
363:20
3,595:50
496 tons
400 pounds
325:10
4,131:05
125 tons
1,700 pounds
244:25
2,973:35
265 tons
1,950 pounds
342:35
3,475:30
165 tons
1,277 pounds
265:20
2,128:40
701 tons
470 pounds
336:30
2,918:05
297 tons
210 pounds
403:00
2,103:25
336 tons
20 pounds
351:30
1,524:05
358 tons
1,524 pounds
283:05
1,177:15
718 tons
1,108 pounds
Table 11
AIRCRAFT FLYING TIME AND TRANSPORT (Cont
nued)
FLYING TIME
EFFECTIVE LOADS
AIRCRAFT
1924-1966
1966-1%7
TOTAL
1966-1967
WIDGEON:
CF-ODR
2,140:55
241:40
2,382:35
19 tons
1,795
pounds
TURBO BEAVER:
CF-OEA
451:30
426:25
877:55
109 tons
1,525
pounds
CF-OEB
239:55
355:40
595:35
65 tons
1,597
pounds
CF-OEC
261:40
365:35
627:15
91 tons
16
pounds
CF-OED
419:40
321:00
740:40
70 tons
919
pounds
CF-OEE
350:15
457:15
807:30
169 tons
451
pounds
CF-OEF
248:20
406.50
655:10
91 tons
1,840
pounds
CF-OEH
291:15
291:15
56 tons
1.860
pounds
CF-OEI
258:55
258:55
32 tons
1,225
pounds
CF-OEJ
11:45
11:45
6 tons
380
pounds
CF-OEK
261:35
261:35
68 tons
1,281
pounds
CF-OEL
175:50
175:50
33 tons
1,545
pounds
CF-OEM
175:35
175:35
22 tons
740
pounds
CF-OEN
110:30
110:30
21 tons
1,770 pounds
CF-OEO
—
116:20
116:20
14 tons
1,765
pounds
TWIN OTTER:
CF-OEG
277:45
277:45
37 tons
1,750
pounds
ALL OTHER AIRCRAFT
254,353:50
—
254,353:50
—
—
396,218:00
14,752:40
410,970:40
6,600 tons
64
pounds
Table 12
FLYING TIME — PILOTS
PILOTS 1924-1966
Allen, D.S 4,640: 10
Ayers, N. —
Ballantyne, G. E 3,338:35
Beaushene, G. D 5,333:10
Bieck, A. H ,. 3,136:45
Burtt, A. E 9,711:35
Calver, D. R. 4,727:00
Campbell, G. E. 6,974:50
Colfer, A. P 9,265:45
Cooke, T. C 8,631:55
Cram, W. W. . . 2,352:50
Croal, D. M. 3,829:20
Culliton, J. E. 1,396:50
Denley, J. G. 8,622:25
Evans, J. B. 5,698:55
Fiskar, U. W. 5,763:30
Good, S. D. 251:40
Glennie, N. S. 4,172:50
Hoar, H. S. 3,790:30
Hoeberg, P. S. 4,739:30
Howe, F. R. 568:55
Kachanovsky, J. —
Kirk, C. J. 5,884:45
Lamont, J. A. 5,011:10
Lefeuvre, C. J. 10,702:45
Lowe, B. 2,539:00
Marych, E. 576:25
McDougall, F. A. 5,579:25
McLellan, D. —
Mcleod, A. A. 336:55
Mcleod, A. K. 396:50
McNabb, D. D. 557:05
Moore, K. —
North, D. H. 2,320:20
Parsons, R. 8,356:00
Pike, S. J. 2,271:55
Siegel, J. 6,510:40
Speight, H. C. 9,985:30
Taylor, J. M. 3,770:00
1966-1967
^362:Y0
173:00
345:45
471:00
439:15
337:05
334:50
495:05
535:20
172:30
314:35
433:15
46:40
301:55
333:00
15:25
354:25
316:00
286:20
599:00
305:30
248:45
269:30
387:20
395:55
356:20
360:10
4:05
159:30
331:50
641:40
507:55
246:25
504:20
254:40
201:50
308:15
447:30
43:55
TOTAL
5,002:30
173:00
3,684:20
5,804:10
3,576:00
10,048:40
5,061:50
7,469:55
9,801:05
8,804:25
2,667:25
4,262:35
1,443:30
8,924:20
6,031:55
5,778:55
606:05
4,488:50
4,076:50
5,338:30
874:25
248:45
6,154:15
5,398:30
11,098:40
2,895:20
936:35
5,583:30
159:30
668:45
1,038:30
1,065:00
246:25
2,824:40
8,610:40
2,473:45
6,818:55
10,433:00
3,813:55
Table 12
FLYING TIME — PILOTS (Continued)
PILOTS 1924-1%6
Thomas, E. 4,794:55
Thompson, F. J. 4,154:55
Turcotte, L. J. 2,730:55
Weisflock, E. J 688:20
Other Pilots 223,044:15
397,159:05
1966-1967
TOTAL
343:35
533:20
418:20
534:25
280:50
14,752:40
5,138:30
4,688:15
3,149:15
1,222:45
223,325:05
Tll,911:45"
Table 13
MERCY AND EMERGENCY FLIGHTS 1966-67
DATE AIRCRAFT PILOT JOURNEY
April 2/66 CF-OED Pike, S. J.
May 13/66
May 26/66
June 12/66
June 30/66
South Porcupine -
Gogama
Feb. 7/67
CF-ODW
CF-ODD
CF-ODC
CF-ODF
July 20/66 CF-OCV
July 2/66 CF-ODC
Ballantyne, D. E. Smith's Bay -
Parry Sound
Good, S. D. Gogama - Sudbury
July 5/66
CF-ODJ
McLeod, A. K.
Pickle Lake
July 18/66
CF-ODW
Campbell, G. E.
White Laka-
Canoe Lake
Aug. 2/66
CF-OCE
Lament, J. A.
Lady Evelyn Lake
Kewaydin Camp
Aug. 4/66
CF-OEF
Allen, D.W.
Temagami Lake-
Sudbury
Aug. 19/66
CF-ODC
Campbell, G. E.
Big Trout Lake-
Smoke Lake-
Aylen Lake
Aug. 19/66
CF-ODS
Turcotte, L. G.
Beaver Lake-
South Porcupine-
Gogama
Aug. 19/66
CF-OCN
Evans, J. B.
Coffee Lake -
Elliot Lake-
Lauzon Lake
Sept. 24/66
CF-OCP
Turcotte, L. G.
Matagami -
South Porcupine
Jan. 11/67
CF-OED
Turcotte, L. G.
Gogama -Sudbury
CF-ODE Calver, D. R.
Chapleau - Sudbury
TIME
lT05^
Campbell, G. E. White Partridge- :10
Traverse Lake
Hoeberg, P. S. SW Direct Lake - :30
Kenora
Gooa, S. D. South Porcupine Lake- 2:30
Gogama
Denley, J. G. Nym Lake :10
1:10
1:45
7:35
:20
:05
:50
1:20
1:25
:20
1:35
1:20
3:05
REASON
One Indian from Reserve engaged in slash-
ing right of way sustained cuts to abdomen
and chest from power saw.
Deceased man flown to Traverse Lake.
Rescued badly injured pilot and passenger
from burning aircraft.
Quebec man employed by Ottawa firm had
foot badly cut with axe.
Man and his 2 children stranded on island
on Oliphant Lake when high winds dam-
aged his canoe. Stranded for 5 days. Were
picked up as an emergency.
Tree planter broke his leg while working
for department. Was flown to Parry Sound.
Gogama woman flown to Sudbury for
confinement.
Boy Scout had leg cut with an axe at
Scout camp at Winisk River and was flown
to Pickle Lake.
Picked up canoest at White Lake. Boy, 12
years, high fever and upset stomach.
Young girl, member of camp canoe party,
very sick and in need of immediate medi-
cal attention.
Two men camped at YMCA camp flown to
Sudbury: one had a broken leg and one
with an axe cut on leg.
Two boys, one with a broken ankle and one
with a wrenched back, taken to Smoke
Lake to be taken back to the camp.
Man suffered stroke requiring flight to
South Porcupine Hospital.
72-year-old prospector on Coffee Lake suf-
fering from heart attack. Flew ailing man
and his companion to Elliot Lake.
Tree planter at Marne Lake Camp had an
appendix attack necessitating flight to
South Porcupine Hospital.
Request to fly mother and sick daughter to
Sudbury was received from Public Health
Nurse after consultation with Department
of Health doctor, Toronto.
Logger at Island Lake Lumber Co., struck
on head by falling tree. Believed to be
massive hemorrhage. Was flown to Sud-
bury Airport to meet Air Canada flight to
Toronto.
17 Mercy Flights
25:15
FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH
OBJECTIVE
To manage the lands and waters of the Province to ensure
that (a) the maximum recreational and economic benefits
are gained from the wildlife and fish species while keeping
management practices compatible with other land and water
uses; and to (b) permit the full harvest of the annual natural
increases of fish and game species on a sustained yield basis.
ORGANIZATION
The Fish and Wildlife Branch is divided into two sections
and their subordinate units with duties and responsibilities
as follows:
WILDLIFE
Game Management: Maintenance and increase of game
abundance through improvement of habitat, regulations,
inventory of game numbers, measures of participation by
hunters, establishment of public hunting areas and develop-
ment of agreement with landowners to provide improved
game habitat and hunting opportunities.
Fur Management: Biologically sound management of fur-
bearing animals; counselling of trappers to assist them in
achieving the highest economic returns for their furs; regu-
lations; stocking of animals in depleted areas; and licensing
of fur farms.
Field Services: Enforcement of the hunting and fishing regu-
lations; development of training programs for conservation
officers related to law enforcement; development of pro-
grams to secure the co-operation of the public in observing
regulations and conduct of safe hunter examinations.
FISHERIES
Game Fish and Hatcheries: Lake and stream surveys; fish
population studies; fish management units; public fishing
areas; hatchery production; fish stocking; and licensing of
private hatcheries.
Commercial Fish: Licensing of commercial operators; devel-
opment of fisheries in Patricia area under Federal-Provincial
Resources Development Agreement; and compilation of
statistics on fishery effort and production.
Fisheries Inventory: Inventory of the waters of the Province;
organization and co-ordination of the field programs; imple-
mentation of data processing systems to utilize inventory
information for biological, economic and other uses.
Indian Resource Development: Technical assistance to
Indians in liaison with the Department of Indian Affairs and
Northern Development.
WILDLIFE SECTION
Game Management
Ontario offers more than 400,000 square miles of varied
habitat in which game species adapted to each area exist.
Accordingly, there are outstanding opportunities both for
nature study and hunting. It is impossible to estimate the
numbers of residents and visitors who participate in bird
watching, photography and other studies of bird and animal
wildlife. The sale of hunting licences, however, provides an
accurate estimate of the numbers of those who participate
in hunting as outlined below.
Table 1
HUNTING LICENCE SALES, 1966
TYPE OF LICENCE
NUMBERS
SOLD
Resident Moose
Resident Deer
Dog — Raccoon
Moose and Deer
Farmer's Deer
Regulated Hunting Camp (Lindsay)
Resident Bear
Resident Small Game
Summer Hunting (Groundhog)
Non-Resident Moose, Deer and Small Game
Non-Resident Deer and Small Game
Non-Resident Small Game
Non-Resident Spring Bear
Non-Resident Wolf
Non-Resident Pheasant Preserve
1,314
12,693
48,498
122,412
14,007
15,017
84
813
388,243
46,403
12,698
8,858
11,998
.3,910
50
250
Once again there was an increase in the numbers of all
licences sold, with the exception of the resident moose,
which declined by 12,000.
The increasing interest and participation of sportsmen
makes the development of a modern and effective wildlife
management program essential. Inventories of game and
their habitat, collection of harvest data, evaluation of habi-
tat in the development of means to improve it, the creation
of realistic regulations and their enforcement, the use of
appropriate stocking techniques and the development of a
suitable educational and public relations program are all
part of game management.
Accompanying this is a continuing need to develop our staff
of biologists, foresters and conservation officers, which has
been done through special courses in the Universities and
at the Ontario Forest Ranger School at Dorset.
DEER HUNTING AND MANAGEMENT
Over 146,000 deer licences were sold in 1966 compared with
140,000 in 1965. In addition, 12,700 non-resident moose
licence holders could hunt deer if they wished. To obtain
information on the hunt, 29,854 hunters were interviewed
at checking stations and 3,719 were contacted in mailed
surveys.
Southern Ontario: The dominant influence on hunting across
the whole of southern Ontario was the heavy rain, during the
first week of the season. Many hunters stayed home or sat
in their camps rather than face the downpour. The rain was
lightest towards the western side of southern Ontario, but
was heavy from Lindsay eastward. The effect is evident in
hunting success figures. Interviews with 15,659 hunters in
Parry Sound, Lindsay and Tweed districts revealed that only
in Parry Sound was the hunting as good as in 1965. In
Lindsay the overall success dropped from 21.1% to 16.5%,
and in Tweed from 29.0% to 17.4%. This was entirely due to
the inclement weather. As usual, there were great differ-
ences between organized hunters who generally had about
20% to 25% success and casual hunters who usually only
had about 5%. The Bruce Peninsula was not so much affec-
ted by rain and showed a slightly higher hunter success
than in 1965, but both Lake Simcoe and Kemptville districts
were lower.
Farther north in North Bay and Pembroke Districts, hunters
have been seeing fewer deer in recent years due to the
mortality resulting from deep snow during the winters of
1958-'59 and 1959-'60. This year they were further discour-
aged by the miserable rainy weather. The overall hunter
success was only 7.3% in North Bay District and 16.9% in
Pembroke District. Surprisingly the success of casual
hunters in Pembroke District remained high. At 9.6% it was
higher than in Parry Sound, Lindsay or Tweed. It may be
that organized hunters were more easily persuaded to stay
in camp or the severe winters may have been worse in the
northern parts of the district where most hunt camps were
located.
In Sudbury and Sault Ste. Marie districts, the story was
different. Manitoulin Island hunter success was up slightly
to 29.2% in spite of rather poor weather. Unfortunately, the
restricted land area on which this hunting took place led
to overcrowding and there were complaints by hunters that
they were interfering with each other. In Sault Ste. Marie
district, the smaller number of hunters found that the deer
herd was recovering from the mortality of 1958-'59 and
1959-'60. They had the highest success for many years at
30.0%.
Table 2
PER CENT SUCCESS OF DEER HUNTERS
IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO
DISTRICT 1965 1966
% %_
Parry Sound 19.0 19.2
Lindsay 21.1 16.5
Tweed 29.0 17.4
Bruce Peninsula 10.7 12.4
Lake Simcoe 24.4 18.3
Kemptville 27.9 25.9
Northwestern Ontario: The sequence of mild and severe
winters has been different in northwestern Ontario. The
most recent severe winter was in l%5-66 and its effect on
the deer was evident in the age distribution of deer and
hunter success reported from the 1966 hunt. The deer
which were yearlings during the hunting season had been
fawns through the severe winter and had suffered most.
This was shown by the decrease in percentage of yearlings
in Fort Frances, Sioux Lookout and, particularly, in Kenora
District where yearlings were little more than half the per-
centage of 1965. In addition, the severe winter left does in
poor shape for raising young, and in Kenora fawns de-
creased from 24.7% of the kill in 1%5 to 12.6% in 1966.
Such a loss of deer was bound to affect hunter success. All
three Districts showed decreases but Sioux Lookout was
worst, dropping from 28.2% in 1965 to 13.6% in 1966. Al-
though hunter success also decreased in Fort Frances and
Kenora Districts, it was still higher than in any other part
of the Province.
Evidence of Winter Deer Mortality in Northwestern Ontario
during the Winter of 1965-'66 as revealed by
data from the 1966 Deer Hunt:
Table 3
PERCENTAGES OF YEARLINGS EXAMINED IN
NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO DURING THE
1965 AND 1966 HUNTING SEASONS
DISTRICT 1965 1966
Fort Frances 26.0 16.5
Kenora 32.7 18.4
Sioux Lookout 41.0 38.9*
*only 18 animals examined
Table 4
HUNTER SUCCESS IN NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO
DURING THE 1965 AND 1966 HUNTING SEASONS
DISTRICT 1965 1966
Fort Frances 49.2 43.6
Kenora 48.1 32.9
Sioux Lookout 28.2 13.6
Prospects for 1967: The winter of 1966-'67 was hard but not
severe in southern Ontario. Therefore, it is predicted that,
given normal hunting weather, hunter success should be
somewhat better than last year. In northwestern Ontario,
hunter success will probably be about the same as last
year, but somewhat lower than in the past.
Deer Range Improvement: Since the winter was mild no
emergency operations were undertaken, but deer range im-
provement work continued on about the same scale as in
previous years. Various treatments were tried on small
areas to compare costs, to find methods which produced
most browse and to find the browse utilized by deer. A total
of 225.2 acres was treated in six districts at a total cost of
$13,383. This work has provided us with much needed exper-
ience in deer range improvement as well as providing food
for the deer.
Table 5
DEER RANGE IMPROVEMENT WORK,
WINTER 1965'-66
DISTRICT Size of Area Treated Cost
(net acres)
Sault Ste. Marie 25J $ 5,541
Sudbury 8.5 1,700
North Bay 40.0 (gross) 792
Pembroke 60.0 1,556
Parry Sound 91.0 3,730
Tweed marking trees 64
Total 2252 $13,383
Spring Deer Surveys: Because the winter of 1965-66 was very
mild in southern Ontario, few Districts put much effort into
spring surveys of deer. On the Bruce Peninsula, in Lake
Huron District, the loss of deer was only 4.3%. This is very
light compared with up to 40% lost during years with deep
snow. A browse survey on the Bruce Peninsula revealed
that deer wintering in areas where white cedar was abund-
ant were using the cedar mostly for shelter. Food was
provided by dogwood mixed with small amounts of other
hardwoods such as willow, aspen and cherry.
In Sault Ste. Marie District, winter losses were only 8%. In
three areas where pellet group counts have been carried
out each year since 1963, they have indicated a remarkable
increase in the deer population. On the basis of these fig-
ures, the Sault Ste. Marie District staff predicted an im-
provement in deer hunting this fall and the fulfillment of
this prediction has already been described.
In northwestern Ontario, the situation was completely differ-
ent. There was very deep snow, up to 37 inches, and it
lasted throughout most of the winter. Observations of deer
indicated they were in poor condition. The dead deer which
were examined showed little fat in the bone marrow, an
indication that body fat had already been exhausted. Al-
though neither Sioux Lookout nor Kenora Districts found
many dead deer in their spring surveys, shortages of deer
did show up in the hunt. Thus, the survey methods must
have been at fault and will have to be improved.
Table 6
ESTIMATES OF DEER PER SQUARE MILE
IN STUDY AREAS
McMahon
Hagen
YEAR
Lake
Red Rock
Lake
1963
15.0
55.6
42.6
1964
45.2
107
70.9
1965
46.6
138
74.2
1966
20.8
1 v.
100
MOOSE MANAGEMENT
The objective of moose management in Ontario is to provide
the most hunting and viewing of moose which can be sus-
tained without interfering with other interests.
During 1966, nearly 61,000 hunters bought moose licences.
Once again a new record was set as the increase was 18%
over the previous high in 1965. This increase is all the more
significant in view of the fact that there was no hunting in
southern Ontario, except in the Pembroke Forest District.
An estimated 56,398 of the licence holders hunted and
killed 14,593 moose. Thus overall success was 26%. Wide
variations in hunter success occurred throughout the moose
range, with hunters in northwestern Ontario being more
successful than those in the more heavily hunted north-
eastern areas. Non-residents as usual were more successful
than residents. This reflects the greater amount of effort and
money spent by the average non-resident to get a moose.
The problem of hunter distribution was the greatest it has
ever been. Evidence of this was the numerous congested
areas where road-hunters living in campers and tents con-
gregated. There was a rapid increase in the number of non-
residents, particularly, who were doing their moose hunting
this way. As a result of the build-up of hunter numbers in
certain popular areas, the hunter success for both residents
and non-residents declined. But the number of moose killed
remained virtually the same as in the previous year.
For example, in Kapuskasing District, where motor tobog-
gans are widely used, over 100 man-days of hunting per
week were recorded throughout November and mid-
December. During the last three weeks, the man-days of
hunting dropped to 77, 63, and then increased again to 108.
On the other hand, in Geraldton District, where there was
little use of motor toboggans, the man-days of hunting were
much higher during the first two weeks of October than in
Kapuskasing District, but were never over 100 after the first
week of November.
A special survey of hunters using motor toboggans in Kapus-
kasing District revealed that 388 residents killed 111 moose
and nine non-residents killed four. The success rates of
28.6% for residents using motor toboggans and 44.9% for
non-residents were considerably higher than the overall
success rate for that District of 22.6% for residents and
35.8% for non-residents. A similar survey in Cochrane Dis-
trict showed that hunters with motor toboggans went as far
as 30 miles from main roads. Thus, the use of these
machines for moose hunting provides increased hunting
opportunities during the latter part of the season by pro-
viding an opportunity for hunters to get away from the road-
ways. As long as they are used for transportation only and
not for chasing moose, the introduction of the motor tobog-
gan can be viewed as a progressive development in moose
hunting.
Prospects for the 1967 season are for even more hunters
and a higher kill of moose. Results of aerial surveys and
analyses of biological data — such as sex and age ratios
and reproductive rates — indicate that the allowable harvest
from the total population of moose is nowhere near being
utilized as yet in most of the northern moose range. In the
south, the situation is different since with more hunters
and greater accessibility moose are more vulnerable to
hunting. As a result, local overshooting has occurred in the
past. To allow moose numbers to build up, the seasons were
shorter or in some areas closed.
Traditionally, the moose hunt has not lasted much more
than the first two or three weeks of October, during which
time 70% to 80% of the kill has been made. That is, after
the snow came and lakes froze up, most hunters seemed to
prefer not to hunt moose. The advent of cheap reliable
winter transportation in the form of powered snow tobog-
gans apparently is changing this. In each of the last few
years, there has been more use made of such vehicles and,
as a result, hunting pressure is gradually being spread out
more over the whole season.
SPRING BEAR HUNTING
Bear management aims at reducing the wasteful shooting
of bears merely because they are a nuisance, and promot-
ing more positive uses such as sport hunting and observing.
It is evident that this policy is succeeding from the con-
tinued increase in licence sales. In 1966, 3,910 non-resident
spring bear hunting licences were sold, representing a 48%
increase over sales in 1965, and 813 resident licences,
representing a 39% increase. Inquiries about bear hunting
by residents have been increasing and it seems evident that,
after a rather slow start during the past few years, bear
hunting is increasing in popularity.
Table 7
MOOSE HARVEST DATA FROM HUNTER SURVEYS 1966-'67
Mailed surveys of bear hunters are not conducted, but in-
formation is obtained through post cards attached to the
licences. As a result, the percent success reported is too
high, for hunters who have shot a bear are more likely to
reply than those who have not. However, this bias should
remain fairly constant from year to year. This being so, the
results (see table 8) suggest that more bears have been shot
than in previous years. As is the case with moose, the in-
crease in numbers of bears shot has not kept up with the
increase in numbers of hunters. This is probably because
many hunters taking up bear hunting for the first time are
inexperienced.
Over 80% of the bear hunters are non-residents. Of these,
about one-quarter come from Michigan, a fifth from Pennsyl-
vania and nearly a fifth from Ohio. The rest come from the
remaining eastern and mid-western states. These hunters
go mainly to Sault Ste. Marie district (167 reported),
Chapleau (163), Swastika (116) and Kenora (92). Among
these the highest success in 1966 was reported from Kenora,
where it was 49%; Swastika reported 40%, Sault Ste. Marie
35% and Chapleau 34%.
Most of the bears shot are adult males. In 1966, they com-
prised 60% of the kill. The rest were 26% adult females.
9% male cubs and 5% female cubs. Since bears collected
in other ways usually show less than 50% adult males, it
seems that hunters are selecting them because of their size,
or else they are inclined to boast about shooting adult males
when in fact they have not. Probably both these factors
affect the sex ratios reported.
Bears weighed thus far in Ontario have averaged less than
bears from other areas. The average for 34 adult males was
179 pounds, compared with 263 for 19 weighed in New
Hampshire, 324 for 49 weighed in New York, and 305 for 16
weighed in Florida. The average weight for 26 adult females
in Ontario was 126, compared with 183 for 11 in New Hamp-
shire, 200 for 19 in New York, and 189 for 12 in Florida. The
biggest bear weighed so far from Ontario was killed by a
car in the Magnetawan River area of Parry Sound district
and weighed 451 pounds. For comparison, record weights
from New York were 599 pounds (1956) and for Florida 580
pounds (1959). The reason that bears in Ontario are smaller
is not known.
The favourite month for hunting bears is May, when 57%
were shot in 1966. Bears are also shot during the fall hunting
seasons, but present statistical data concerning numbers
and sex is not adequate.
No. Moose
DISTRICT Killed
Pembroke 76
North Bay 487
Sudbury 466
Sault Ste. Marie 470
White River 460
Chapleau 416
Gogama 397
Swastika 666
Cochrane 1,031
Kapuskasing 976
Geraldton 1,088
Port Arthur 1,652
Fort Frances 284
Kenora 599
Sioux Lookout 456
Grand Total 9,524
%
No. Moose
%
No. Moose
Success
Killed
Success
Killed
24.2
76
17.6
8
12.4
495
14.2
28
18.9
494
14.9
191
33.0
661
19.3
431
28.9
891
18.9
267
31.3
683
14.4
121
26.7
518
10.2
46
17.7
712
18.3
71
28.2
1,102
22.6
165
35.8
1,141
32.4
702
47.3
1,790
33.8
657
40.5
2,309
33.5
—
284
40.4
1,015
49.4
1,614
33.3
1,367
54.7
1,823
Av.21.7
5,069
Av.41.4
14,593
Table 8
LICENCE SALES, RETURNS. REPORTED KILL AND
PERCENT SUCCESS — BLACK BEAR HUNT —
SPRING 1963-1966
LICENCES SOLD
Non-Resldent Resident
1963 1^999 354
1964 2,169 414
1965 2,647 583
1966 3,910 813
NO. OF RETURNS
1963 543 *
1%4 801 71
1965 985 84
1966 1,170 96
PERCENT RETURNS
1963 27.1
1964 36.9 17.1
1965 37.2 14.4
1966 29.9 11.8
BEARS REPORTED KILLED
1%3 237 *
1964 332 27
1965 459 49
1966 503** 55**
(478) (37)
PERCENT SUCCESS REPORTED
1963 43.6 *
1964 41.4 38.0
1965 46.6 58.3
1966 40.9** 38.5**
"Figures not available.
**1966 Percent success based on kill of one bear per hunter. 503 bears
killed by non-residents and 55 bears killed by resident hunters based
on total reported kill.
PHEASANT MANAGEMENT
The prime objective of management is to maintain or in-
crease natural ring-necked pheasant populations in suitable
habitat, and to provide recreational opportunities at as high
a level as possible consistent with principles of sustained
yield and other uses of agricultural land.
Management includes the maintenance of natural popula-
tions in areas having less than 50 inches annual snowfall
a year; the utilization of game farm stocks as efficiently as
possible; and the collection of information relating to
pheasant populations and their harvest.
Season lengths varied from four to 83 days across the
Province, depending upon the availability of pheasants and
maintenance of breeding stocks. Bag limits remained un-
changed with the exception of Lincoln County, where an
experimental "cocks only" season was instituted.
Distribution of Game Farm Stock: Two Provincial game bird
farms continued to play an important role in the regulated
township system in maintaining private lands open to public
upland game hunting. Day-old chicks, poults and year-old
breeding stock were provided to municipalities and sports-
men's clubs for immediate or subsequent release. Increased
numbers of adult birds were reared at the game farms for
release on public hunting units operated by the Department.
Table 9
PRODUCTION OF RING-NECKED PHEASANTS
CODRINGTON & NORMANDALE GAME BIRD FARMS 1966
Old Breeding
Chicks Poults Adults Stock
Codrington 17,435 7,800 3,016 1,366
Normandale 28,430 7,800 2,430 1,260
Total 45,865 15,600 M46 2,626
Harvest Information: Districts continued to evaluate trends
in pheasant populations and the effects of management
practices including regulations and stocking. Statistics on
opening day and season hunting success are shown below
for three southern districts.
Table 10
PHEASANT HUNTING SUCCESS — 1966
No. No. Average Daily
Hunters Pheasants Bag Birds
Checked Taken Per Hunter
DISTRICT
LINDSAY
(opening day)
SIMCOE
(opening day)
(remainder of season)
(complete season)
HESPELER
(opening day)
(remainder of season)
(complete season)
ERIE
(Pelee Island —
complete season)
(Mainland —
complete season)
179
614
704
1,318
989
1,376
2,365
157
1,049
92
406
189
595
711
600
1,311
883
372
0.51
0.66
0.27
0.45
0.72
0.44
0.55
2.81
0.35
Habitat Management: One of the most important factors
limiting native populations of ring-necked pheasants is the
loss of nests and nesting hens from hay-mowing operations.
The staff of southern Districts publicized the need to leave
the cutting of grass along roadsides, farm lanes and other
waste areas until after July 10 to increase pheasant pro-
duction. Publicity respecting other effective management
practices also was provided.
Special Studies: To evaluate the effects of such factors as
land-use practices, agricultural insecticide applications, and
harvest regulations on pheasant populations in the Niagara
Peninsula, a special five-year study was instituted in 1966
in Lincoln and Welland counties. A graduate biologist was
hired on a contract in November, 1966 for a six-month
period to coordinate initial stages of the study which is
continuing.
HUNGARIAN PARTRIDGE
Management of Hungarian partridge is designed to estab-
lish populations in all areas of suitable habitat in the
Province, and to provide maximum recreational use of
available partridge stocks.
Kemptville District staff live-trapped 101 partridges during
January and February, 1967. Some 50 of these birds were
released in March in Tecumseth Township, Simcoe County;
36 were released in Darlington Township, Durham County.
The remainder were held for propagation purposes at the
Codrington Game Farm.
Partridge populations in the most important hunting range
in eastern Ontario continued to prosper. Covey counts,
average covey size and availability of birds during the liberal
season established from September 24 to November 26
inclusive, indicated an increase in the number of Hungarian
partridge from the previous year.
BOBWHITE QUAIL AND OTHER SMALL GAME
Bobwhite quail continued to increase in numbers and in
distribution, and the counties of Kent, Lambton, Middlesex
and Elgin enjoyed a hunting season from November 2 to 12
in 1966.
The cottontail rabbit, European hare and, in some areas, the
snowshoe hare, continued to supply a very large amount of
quality recreation. Populations of cottontails and "jacks,"
as European hare are called, were at particularly good levels
across much of southern Ontario. For example, field checks
of 1,388 rabbit hunters in Peel, Ontario, Simcoe and York
counties, in Lake Simcoe District, indicated a harvest of
259 cottontails, 235 European hares and 96 snowshoe hares,
and an average daily success rate of 2.43 animals per
hunter.
All available information indicates that hunting pressure has
little influence on the annual status of most resident small
game species. Thus, management aims to provide informa-
tion to the public relative to annual availability of small
crops and to establish the most liberal seasons possible,
consistent with other uses of land in agricultural areas.
Since a high proportion of small game hunting takes place
on private lands, the development of good hunter-landowner
relations is important.
Many small game species, such as woodcock, snipe, squirrel
and raccoon, are neglected by a large proportion of Ontario's
hunters. Although these species were present in good num-
bers across much of Ontario, only a very small fraction of
the available surplus was taken by hunting.
WATERFOWL MANAGEMENT
Ontario's waterfowl management objectives are designed to
maintain waterfowl populations at or near the levels which
occurred during the favourable 1955-57 period, and to pro-
vide opportunities for quality recreation so that hunters and
non-hunters alike can utilize and enjoy the resource, now
and in the future. Specifically, management is designed to
determine and predict trends in the annual abundance of
important species produced in Ontario, and to keep the
public informed on important facets of waterfowl manage-
ment. The utilization of under-harvested species is desir-
able, and reduction of the kill of those species exhibiting
lesser abundance due to habitat conditions is essential.
Development, protection and improvement of habitat im-
portant to waterfowl is necessary to improve waterfowl
production where possible. The management program
includes development of additional hunting opportunities
for waterfowl in areas where public access is limited or
where certain species of waterfowl are not now available to
Ontario residents.
Waterfowl banding continues to be a most important man-
agement technique in assessing the status of important
waterfowl species in Ontario. Many agencies co-operated in
the 1966 banding program, including this Department, the
Canadian Wildlife Service, the United States Fish and Wild-
life Service, and interested private agencies such as the
University of Guelph, Sportsmen's Clubs, and the Ontario
Bird Banders' Association. In total, 12,778 ducks and geese
were banded prior to the season in 1966. Of the 28 banding
stations, Department personnel operated 15 and provided
direct or technical assistance to five others.
Table 11
PRESEASON WATERFOWL BANDING IN ONTARIO — 1966
SPECIES NO. BANDED
Mallard 3,964
Black 2,045
Blue Wing Teal 4,852
Wood Duck 807
Other 1,110
Total 12,778~
Seasons and bag limits were established in consultation
with Federal authorities. Wood ducks continued to increase
and a daily limit of four again was allowed; restrictions on
red heads and canvasbacks were retained with a limit of
two of either species. After October 14, hunters were allowed
an additional two scaup or goldeneye since, at present,
these late migrants are hunted very lightly.
The Department co-operated fully in the institution of a new
Federal migratory game bird hunting permit which is de-
signed to facilitate surveys of waterfowl hunters and to
obtain, for the first time, accurate information concerning
the distribution of hunters in Canada and their harvest of
waterfowl. First year permit sales are listed below and indi-
cate the importance of waterfowl hunting in this Province.
Table 12
SALES OF CANADA MIGRATORY GAME BIRD
HUNTING PERMITS IN 1966
Resident Non-Resident
PROVINCE of Canada of Canada Unknown Total
Newfoundland
13,166
23
19
13,208
Prince Edward
Island
3,242
14
—
3,256
Nova Scotia
7,117
60
10
7,187
New Brunswick .
8,229
249
17
8,495
Quebec
35,702
621
49
35,702
Ontario
135,093
8,124
179
143,396
Manitoba
36,037
1,535
37
37,609
Saskatchewan
41,765
2,729
43
44,537
Alberta
51,882
729
55
52,666
British Columbia
31,724
497
23
32,244
Unknown
362
50
1,347
1,759
Total
363,649 14,631 1,779
380,059
Field staff continued to evaluate hunter success and to col-
lect biological information during the open season. Opening
day hunting success for important southern waterfowl
Districts were as follows:
Table 13
OPENING DAY WATERFOWL HUNTING SUCCESS
SELECTED LOCATIONS, SOUTHERN DISTRICTS
No. Hunters Ducks
Checked No. Ducks per Hunter
Kemptville
— complete district
599
629
1.06
Tweed
—complete district
841
979
1.16
Lindsay
— complete district
427
695
1.63
Hespeler
— Luther Marsh
1,587
1,074
.66
— 8 selected areas . .
391
251
.64
Erie
— Long Point and
Rondeau Public
Hunting Units
326
404
1.25
Simcoe
— complete district
1,245
1,011
.81
—Holland Marsh
447
328
.73
During the season, almost 9,000 wings of waterfowl taken by
hunters were collected. These were analyzed by staff biolo-
gists and conservation officers as to species, age and sex by
noting colour and ware patterns of feathers. An expert in
this technique from the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service gave leadership in this work, and the data were
analyzed by computer at the University of Guelph.
Improvement of waterfowl habitat and production continued
in various districts. Over 2,000 acres of prime habitat at Tiny
Marsh, near Midland, was created by a dam erected in
March, 1967. The Districts of Fort Frances, Swastika and
Kemptville created additional waterfowl pot-hole habitat in
areas of heavy vegetation and shallow water by exploding a
combination of ammonium-nitrate and fuel oil. This rela-
tively new and inexpensive technique will prove most useful
in improving wetland habitat in future years. On the goose
management area on Lake St. Lawrence, production of
Canada geese continued to increase. More than 700 goslings
were produced on the adjacent Ontario and New York water-
fowl management areas, where breeding Canada geese were
rare or absent only 10 years ago. Over 3,000 migrating
Canadas stopped over at the St. Lawrence Sanctuary during
the fall flight. Although total kill is not known, all evidence
suggests that Canada geese were taken in greater numbers
than usual across the eastern counties in 1966.
In the Hudson Bay and James Bay areas, the Department
continues to assist Indians in establishing commercial
goose hunting camps. At the camp at Fort Severn, a total
income of $9,510.82 was realized from the 108 hunters par-
ticipating; 2,305 geese, 121 ducks, 61 ptarmigan and 14 seals
were taken by the tourists and Indians in 1966. Goose hunt-
ing was excellent and all but three hunters left with their
possession limit of 10 geese.
A new Indian-run goose camp was set up in 1966 at Kapiskau
on James Bay, near Fort Albany, under the direction of
Cochrane District personnel, in its first season of operation,
the camp ran at less than capacity, but a gross income from
all sources of $3,310.50 was realized. A total of 926 geese,
482 ducks, one bear (black) and one ruffed grouse were
taken by Indian and white hunters from September 14 to
October 9 inclusive.
Table 14
RUFFED GROUSE HUNTER SUCCESS, 1965-1966
RUFFED GROUSE MANAGEMENT
Management objectives are directed toward: (a) encourag-
ing and providing suitable regulations for the optimum
utilization of this generally under-harvested species, which
is subject to periodic severe fluctuations in numbers;
(b) encouraging the use of woodland management tech-
niques, which increase the production of grouse; (c) improv-
ing grouse production on intensively managed public hunt-
ing areas through habitat improvement techniques; and
(d) recording trends in grouse abundance and providing the
public with predictions regarding the annual availability of
grouse.
District staff assessed grouse populations by means of
drumming counts in spring, brood counts in summer and the
availability of grouse to hunters during the open season.
In general, northern populations of ruffed grouse were not
at the high levels often reached during the peak of the
nine-year grouse cycle. Although there was evidence that
declines had occurred in hunter success in many Districts,
they were not substantial. From information for the past
several years, it appears that grouse are on the ascending
aspect of their cycle.
In the discontinuous woodlands of agricultural southern
Ontario, where violent fluctuations in grouse numbers are
not common, excellent grouse hunting again was available.
The following table shows hunter success figures for 1965
and 1966:
ON FOOT
BY ROAD
Birds
Seen/
Birds Shot/
Hunter Days
Birds Seen/ 100 Hrs.
Birds Shot/ 100 Hrs.
Hunter Days
100 Miles
100 Miles
DISTRICT
1966
1965
1966
1965
1966
1965
1966
1965
1966
1965
1966
1965
Lake Erie
109
106
12.0
12.8
18.0
25.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
Lake Huron
90
128
167
616
139
281
14.1
16.7
18.0
11.3*
34.0
8.0
38.1
8.1
13
—
4.1
4.8
1.2
—
Lake Simcoe
Lindsay
—
Tweed
210
121
21.6
16.0
15.6
102
—
4.1
—
2.3
—
Kemptville
18
73
52.2
46.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
Pembroke
154
.
109.0
27.9
—
100
—
9.9
—
3.9
Parry Sound
124
101
57.8
96.0
30.5
46.1
160
36
5.8
8.3
2.9
5.4
North Bay
226
197
80.6
71.0
39.9
34.9
365
241
9.0
11.3
4.8
7.2
Sudbury
222
165
103.0
41.0
68.3
114
135
—
3.9
2.0
3.2
Sault Ste. Marie
180
107.0
68.4
41.7
282
—
8.3
—
5.4
4.1
White River
67
51
84.0
86.9
45.0
59,1
66
—
9.5
9.7
4.2
5.5
Chapleau
766
200.0
31.0
100.0
1,062
—
—
—
2.9
—
Gogama
26
73
150.0
121.0
77.0
38.0
113
86
13
20.0
6.0
9.0
Swastika
.
. —
—
—
—
—
—
Cochrane
96
70
45.6
54.6
23.7
32.5
66
26
6.4
6.0
3.4
5.0
Kapuskasing
41
29
137.7
104.3
88.4
65.2
62
69
4.9
6.0
3.4
4.1
Geraldton
57
.
43.1
24.8
30
—
6.1
—
3.9
—
Port Arthur
18
47
152.0
71.1
106
153
—
—
14.0
12.2
Fort Frances
151
26
120.8
52.4
71.5
26.2
292
124
—
—
48. r
53.2**
Kenora
36
103
91.3
28.0
52.1
12
29
—
5.0
5.4
3.8
Sioux Lookout
13
13
87.6
100.0
49.5
44.2
16
8
6.0
5.8
2.6
3.4
"Per 100 hours.
*81 cooperators report tak
ng 61.0
per 100 hours.
PHEASANT HUNTING UNITS
Four pheasant hunting units operated by the Department in
1966 offered quality, "pay-as-you-go" hunting to 3,484 sports-
men. At Presqu'ile, Darlington and Sibbald Point Parks and
on the Gananoque Provincial Hunting Area, 5,169 pheasants
from the Codrington and Normandale Game Bird Farms
were released. A limited number of pheasants were released
in Tiny Marsh of Simcoe County, in the Gamebridge area
of Ontario County, and Brighton in Northumberland County
to provide opportunities to hunt pheasants outside the
natural range of this game bird.
The open season for public hunting of pheasants on a por-
tion of each park extended from October 12 to November 30.
Permits were made available on a first-come, first-served
basis at a fee of $5.00. The number of hunters in each hunt-
ing area was restricted and the bag limit was three pheas-
ants regardless of sex.
Statistics on pheasant hunting areas operated by the Depart-
ment in Provincial Parks are as follows:
Table 15
PUBLIC PHEASANT HUNTING AREAS, 1966
Sibbald
Presqu'ile Darlington Point
Hunting Area in acres 415 415 450
Number of Hunters 436 892 996
Number of Birds Released 910 1,460 1,453
Number of Birds Recovered 721 1,248 1,282
Birds Per Hunter 1.6 1.4 1.3
In the three parks listed above, 2,324 hunters participated in
1966, compared to 1,592 the year previously. Pheasant hunt-
ing in Earl Rowe Provincial Park was discontinued in 1966
because of intensive park development.
MULTIPLE PURPOSE HUNTING UNITS
I he Gananoque Provincial Hunting Area is a 1,041 acre tract
of land in Leeds and Frontenac counties, acquired for the
purpose of providing hunting for several game species
including rabbits, ruffed grouse, woodcock, waterfowl and
deer. Pheasants are hunted on a put-and-take basis.
Habitat improvements to the management area in 1966 in-
cluded planting 60,000 conifers and 575 shrubs suitable for
ruffed grouse winter shelter and escape cover.
Statistics for the 1966 season are as follows:
Table 16
GANANOQUE PUBLIC HUNTING AREA, 1966
Number of hunters 1,160
Number of Pheasants released 1,346
GAME HARVESTED:
Pheasants 1,023
Ruffed Grouse 46
Ducks 5
Woodcock 14
Cottontail Rabbits 115
European Hare 14
Total ' 137
Units of Game per Hunter: 1.0
WATERFOWL HUNTING UNITS
Five marshlands adjoining Provincial parks were managed
in 1966 to provide the public with opportunities to hunt
waterfowl. Department blinds were available to sportsmen
for a daily fee of $4.00 at Long Point and Rondeau on Lake
Erie, and $2.00 at Darlington Park on Lake Ontario. These
controlled shooting areas are managed to provide hunting
of reasonable quality by attracting and holding waterfowl in
the marsh through a system of refuges and feeding sanctu-
aries. Seasonal permits for waterfowl hunting were issued
at $4.00 each on the less intensively managed units at Holi-
day Beach and Presqu'ile Provincial Parks and a portion of
Rondeau Provincial Park. Statistics for these areas for 1966
follow:
Table 17
SUMMARY OF PUBLIC WATERFOWL
HUNTING AREAS, 1966
Hunting
Number
No. of
Average
Area
of
Waterfowl
Bag
Name of Area
(in acres)
Hunters
Taken
Per Hunter
Long Point
1,750
2,370
2,696
1.14
Rondeau
9,200
722
129*
908
1.26
Presqu'ile
2,170
415*
—
. —
Darlington
380
427
257
0.60
Holiday Beach
262
597*
756
1.27
*Season permits. Other figures denote daily permits.
Total number of hunters in all units — 4,531.
Popularity of the Provincial public hunting ground system
has grown in recent years. Plans are underway to increase
the number of managed wildlife areas throughout the
Province.
Since the land acquisition program began in 1962, 15,655
acres have been purchased for fish and wildlife manage-
ment purposes. During the current fiscal year, 6,197 acres
were acquired on seven wildlife management areas.
Under current legislation, the Minister may enter into agree-
ments with the owners of lands respecting the management,
perpetuation and rehabilitation of the wildlife resources of
Ontario. At the present time, this program of landowner
assistance is in the planning stage, and will be designed to
provide assistance to landowners in the form of protection
against vandalism and careless hunting practices, and to
increase game densities by improving quality and quantity
of game habitat through provision of technical advice and
other assistance to the landowner.
PUBLIC HUNTING GROUND PROGRAM
The objectives of the Public Hunting Ground Program in-
clude assuring that significant areas of Provincial Crown
lands are retained from alienation or that land is acquired
by the Crown to provide for hunting, fishing and associated
recreation; providing hunting in areas where such oppor-
tunities have become restricted and the need for public
hunting land is urgent; providing public access for purposes
of hunting, fishing and other associated recreational pur-
suits on Crown lands; and the production of wildlife to full
capacity on private lands through technical and other assist-
ance to the landowner, and to make wildlife surpluses avail-
able to the public under Department-landowner agreements.
The need for public hunting grounds is greatest in Essex
County; Lambton County near Sarnia; Middlesex and Elgin
Counties near London and St. Thomas; Lincoln County near
St. Catharines; Wentworth County near Hamilton; Waterloo
County near Kitchener and Guelph, and Halton, Peel, York
and Ontario Counties within a 50-mile radius of Toronto.
The amount of land recommended for acquisition in each
county is based on proximity of the area to population
centres, capability of the area to produce wildlife and the
possibilities for intensive management of a variety of wild-
life species, costs of acquisition and development and
danger of destruction of wildlife habitat.
Fur Management
Beaver remains the most important fur-bearer in Ontario.
Beaver populations are generally stable, although they may
be down slightly in some areas of Patricia East and perhaps
also in the Pembroke District. The slight drop in beaver
harvest, though not particularly significant, is attributed to
the drop in market value.
The mink situation has been a source of concern for the
past four years, with populations dwindling all over the
Province. However, there is an encouraging pattern emerg-
ing, with noticeable increases of population throughout the
northwestern part of the Province, some stabilizing at a low
point in the north-central area, while still declining slightly
south of the Sudbury and North Bay Districts. It would
appear that the return of good populations has started in
the north-west and is spreading south and east. An interest-
ing development in the fur market appeared during the year
when mink pelts, although scarce, still exhibited a decline
in prices.
The long hair furs (fisher, fox, lynx, marten, raccoon)
dropped considerably in market value this year, but this
appears to represent a return to more realistic prices after
a few years of speculation in these pelts. The production of
fisher and raccoon appears to be fairly stable, while lynx is
still low. Lynx production should begin to recover next year
and should provide an increased harvest in 1968-'69. Col-
oured fox populations are high enough that there is an
increased harvest despite the reduced value. The marten
population is still increasing and spreading in most areas,
though harvests are many times greater than ever recorded.
The muskrat populations are governed principally by water
levels, hence patterns vary throughout the Province. Be-
cause of severe water level fluctuations, populations are
down in Fort Frances and Sioux Lookout Districts, but up in
Swastika. Lake Erie, Pembroke and Lake Simcoe Districts.
The value of muskrat dropped drastically (60%), but the
harvest was down only a relatively small amount.
FUR FARMING
The first and largest part of the 1966 ranch-raised mink crop
was offered in December auctions to a very depressed fur
market. Buyer attendance was lighter and a selective
demand at substantially lower prices compared to the 1965
crop sales.
Good quality, dark and pastel mink, declined 25% and 15%
respectively, with little demand or interest shown in either
type. Light Blue, Dark Blue, Pearl and Beige types declined
20% to 30%, with limited interest shown.
Reserve limits based 10% below 1965 prices — the decline
which was anticipated — and resulted in a large number
of buy backs. Turnover at the initial sales ran 50% to 70%.
The cause of the sharp decline in the market is attributed
to a number of factors. The mild recession in the economy
of the large mink-consuming countries, and the decline in
the stock market restricting the sale of garments at the
retail level. The world production of mink approached the 24
million mark, a factor which ensured buyers a plentiful
supply of pelts throughout the year and which could extend
into the 1967 crop year.
As of March 1, 1967, 80% of the 1966 Canadian ranch mink
production was sold. However, as it is estimated that only
35% to 40% of the world production was sold at this date,
it is almost a certainty that a large carry-over will exist when
the 1967 crop comes to market. The prospects, therefore,
for the next selling season do not look bright.
Table 18
ONTARIO DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS
SUMMARY OF DISTRICT FUR RETURNS 1966-1967, RECORD OF CATCH AND VALUE BY DISTRICTS
•*- S. 0£ .
DISTRICT
o 2
<C a.
>
Id
iZ^^
£"
5.^
Sen
sS
30)
SS
acr6
g.cr>
^^
iS
ODCVJ
Jgcn
Chapleau
78 $664.95
$ 51,866.24
2,308
54
65
38
1,562
300
832
150
—
31
49
—
—
$ 28.50
Cochrane
170
388.75
66,087.98
2,789
92
72
58
2,079
326
3,233
139
—
414
488
—
—
42.50
Fort Frances
160
918.94
147,030.98
9,209
298
209
10
53
1,104
2,179
234
5
394
285
Ill
6
222.25
Geraldton
286
549.94
157,284.97
"6,301
32
72
58
6,278
792
5,211
420
_
681
786
—
—
1.25
Gogama
98
461.67
45,243.79
2,002
54
32
76
1,098
299
1,394
139
—
89
41
8
2
27.00
Kapuskasing
248
654.66
162,357.82
6,827
43
88
90
6,760
725
873
315
—
—
244
6
1
100.00
Kemptville
600
149.91
89,947.59
3,782
—
100
7
—
329
31,797
39
1,024
46
24
12
—
24.25
Kenora
390
378.17
147,486.35
9,061
167
64
20
14
1,725
2,065
312
—
375
181
—
—
61.00
Lake Erie
458
209.73
96,060.33
7
_
106
_
—
638
84,690
—
1,898
26
66
11
—
—
Lake Huron
670
128.10
85,827.62
68
—
412
—
—
1,260
56,753
2
,4,852
24
47
19
—
—
Lake Simcoe
325
193.09
62,755.87
2,086
6
190
_
—
851
21,431
20
1,432
16
20
20
33.50
Lindsay
540
261.28
141,096.21
7,314
352
156
10
109
833
23,059
123
1,149
30
104
40
51.50
North Bay
120
784.62
94,154.56
5,185
219
171
65
116
961
5,100
196
79
85
97
31
15
138.00
Parry Sound
708
266.09
188,393.31
11,039
175
278
17
257
1,570
11,231
337
529
209
146
28
34
127.25
Pembroke
132
563.70
74,408.93
4,111
349
91
2
287
392
4,8%
138
145
76
130
24
11
46.75
Port Arthur
476
337.92
160,849.92
8,893
302
429
60
2,224
865
2,018
296
—
100
320
45
105.00
Sault Ste. Marie
291
253.25
73,6%.75
3,694
52
205
36
1,037
756
2,867
183
5
134
158
22
29.75
Sioux Lookout
100
486.81
48,681.66
2,611
86
32
18
460
425
1,040
169
—
226
100
7
26.75
Sudbury
298
456,29
135,975.61
8,140
120
452
58
22
903
6,371
283
102
100
119
87
13
68.75
Swastika
184
340.72
62,692.66
3,286
169
161
141
236
523
2,437
131
2
100
355
10
18
51.00
Tweed
756
282.32
213,436.45
12,302
64
1,016
26
14
925
26,493
228
575
99
109
46
3
75.00
White River
83
667.40
55,394.43
2,445
14
33
23
1,705
494
829
144
_
16
62
5
—
60.50
Patricia Central
644
416.70
268,358.98
12,849
95
120
119
589
4,170
20,165
1,521
—
2,910
1,420
_
—
48.50
Patricia East
371
390.29
144,799.44
7,532
21
12
64
1,586
310
12,450
685
—
197
210
44
—
—
Patricia West
802
258.18
207,066.43
9,935
252
15
171
105
2,488
29,728
724
-
1,112
2,160
-
-_
-
8,988 $331.64 $2,980,837.88 143,776 3,016 4,581 1,167 26,591 23,964 359,142 6,928 11,797 7,490 7,721 576 128 1,369.00
$38,514.32 $28,976.61 $195,546.24 $142,716.80 $1,722.70 $3,404.16 $5,968.84
51,926,598.40 $26,798.85 $211,398.45 $355,550.58 $38,576.19 $2,316.30 $2,749.44
Ranch-raised foxes also declined 25% from the 1965 price
levels, as did all wild fur species with the exception of
beaver. As in the previous year, most of the Silver, Platinum
and Pearl Platinum foxes were sold to Japan. The small
quantity of the Dawn-Glo fox, which was developed on an
Ontario ranch, declined 10% and were purchased for an
account in Japan.
The disease incidence on Ontario ranches was minimal
again in 1966. Six cases of distemper, one case of virus
enteritis and four cases of plasmacytosis were diagnosed at
the Ontario Veterinary College. The increased use of pre-
ventive vaccines for distemper and virus enteritis has
achieved this good record, but distemper could be further
reduced if more ranchers used the vaccine. It is felt that
more cases of plasmacytosis exist on Ontario ranches than
is reported to the Ontario Veterinary College.
A total of 494 Fur Farmer's Licences were issued during
1966. Of these, 444 were renewals of previous licences, 47
were for newly-established ranches and three licences were
issued with retroactive provisions to legalize the operation
of unlicensed ranches during the previous year.
There was an increase of 86,502 or 18.03% in the production
of mink pelts on Ontario ranches in 1966 as compared to
the previous year.
Field Services
The purpose of law enforcement is to prevent violations by
encouraging the public to obey the regulations made to
ensure good fish and wildlife management. These are based
upon the biological requirements indicated from field
studies, and the social needs of fair play and equitable use
of such natural resources. Where persuasion and education
fail, prosecution is necessary and a high standard of law
enforcement is essential to meet these objectives.
To meet this challenge, a comprehensive training program
for conservation officers has been established. Some 103
Department employees who enforce the game and fish laws
received instruction from the Branch Law Enforcement
Training Officer. More advanced instruction was provided
for 25 officers attending the Fish and Wildlife Certificate
Course at the Ontario Forest Ranger School, Dorset, by in-
structors from the Ontario Provincial Police Force and the
Department. In addition, 16 Fish and Wildlife officers and
biologists with supervisory responsibilities attended a three-
week law enforcement training course at the Ontario Police
College, Aylmer. Instruction in evidence, power and proce-
dure of arrest, the Canada Evidence Act, The Game and Fish
Act, the Fisheries Act, The Ontario Fishery Regulations, the
Migratory Birds Convention Act and Regulations, and the
Summary procedures as prescribed in the Criminal Code
and the Ontario Summary Convictions Act, were provided.
The Conservation Officer staff, which includes some Super-
visors and all those whose duties are actively engaged in
enforcement in the field, number 250.
Registered convictions for the fiscal year 1966-'67 totalled
2,626. This is an increase of 279 over the previous year and
is due in part to an increasing number of hunters and
anglers in the field, an increase in the number of violations
encountered and increased efficiency in the enforcement
staff in obtaining convictions.
Over the past ten years, an average of 2,356 convictions
have been recorded each year. In the year under review the
average was exceeded by 270. The record for the past five
years has been:
Table 19
1962-'63
Number of Seizures 2,186
Number of Convictions 2,045
Cases Dismissed 66
Convictions by R.C.M.P 34
(under Migratory Birds Regulations)
About one-quarter of the prosecutions against anglers,
hunters and trappers, amounting to 652 cases, were for
angling, hunting or trapping without the authority of a
licence. This is an increase over last year by ISO persons.
Evaluation of a law enforcement program is difficult. New
laws and increased use of natural resources help to account
Table 20
1963-'64
1964-'65
1965-'66
1966-'67
2,508
2,216
2,581
2,942
2,276
2,236
2,347
2,626
68
95
64
93
18
19
30
58
for increased numbers of violations. Hunting or fishing
without a licence is a violation for which there is little
excuse, and may be a good measure of public tendency to
violate the law.
A five-year comparison indicates that a higher than average
frequency was experienced during the yean
l%2-'63
No. %
Frequency
1963-'64
No. %
Frequency
1964-'65
No. %
Frequency
1965-'66
No. %
Frequency
1966-'67
No. %
Frequency
Fishing without Licence
Hunting without Licence
Trapping without Licence
81
358
10
4.0
17.4
0.5
146
382
24
6.4
16.8
1.5
145
439
19
6.6
19.6
0.9
106
360
6
4.6
15.3
0.2
204 7.7
443 15.9
5 1.2
Total
449
21.9
552
24.7
603
27.1
472
20.1
652 24.8
Offences other than those involving licences include:
Table 21
Fishing:
1. Angling with more than two lines 165
2. Possession of overlimit of fish 156
3. Taking fish by means other than angling 96
4. Taking fish during closed season 90
5. Possession of fish during closed season 58
6. Possession of spear 48
Hunting:
1. Possession of loaded firearm in vehicle 388
2. Hunting in prohibited hours and jacklighting 270
3. Possession of loaded firearm in motor boat 145
4. Hunting in closed season 79
5. Possession of game in closed season 36
6. Hunting protected birds 33
Assistance in the law enforcement program is provided by
biologists, foresters, chief and deputy chief forest rangers
and technicians who hold appointments as special conserva-
tion officers. There are also some 1,100 deputy conservation
officers offering volunteer service in law enforcement. The
Ontario Provincial Police work with our conservation officers
and provide special assistance during the spring spawning
of rainbow trout and walleyes. These co-operative efforts
resulted in convictions both under The Ontario Fishery
Regulations and The Liquor Control Act. The Royal Canadian
Mounted Police provided increased assistance with enforce-
ment of the Migratory Birds Convention Act and the
Regulations.
Items required for evidence used in violations of The
Game and Fish Act, The Ontario Fishery Regulations and the
Migratory Bird Regulations are seized by the conservation
officer at the time the accused is apprehended. Upon con-
viction, this equipment becomes the property of the Crown.
The Minister may grant relief from forfeiture upon such
terms as he deems just, and a majority of such items are
restored to their former owners. This does not apply to items
the possession of which may be illegal.
Articles which become the property of the Crown are sold at
public auction. A total of $11,234.80 was realized from such
sales.
HUNTING LICENCE EXAMINATIONS
Regulations were passed providing for conservation officers
to become examiners of new applicants for a hunting
licence under a uniform and standard set of examinations
designated to reduce hunting accidents in the Province.
The Hunter Safety Training Program, formerly a responsi-
bility of the Fish and Wildlife Branch, was transferred to the
Operations Branch.
Conservation officers who were formerly hunter safety train-
ing instructors were relieved of this responsibility in view
of their new role as examiners. Hunters may now select
training from any source they choose. No examinations were
provided during the year under review. It is not expected
that the 20,000 new hunters recorded each year in Ontario
will enter the program completely until 1968, when the
examination becomes mandatory for all hunters seeking a
licence for the first time.
FISHERIES SECTION
Fisheries section is responsible for the application of the
principles of full, multiple and public use on a sustained
yield basis to the fishery resources of the Province. The
application of these principles involves an understanding
of the resources and the organization of programs for its
optimum harvest.
Progress in reaching the objectives of fisheries management
was marked primarily by minor additions to staff and some
reorganization, as well as redirection of emphasis of various
programs. Perhaps most significant was the addition of a
new Unit in the Fisheries Section to coordinate the lake
survey program across the Province — an important part of
the field program of the Districts but which has been unable
to keep up to the necessary demand in recent years. The
Unit now consists of a senior biologist, a fisheries manage-
ment technician and a clerk.
At the same time, the Commercial Fisheries Unit, through
adjustments in staff functions, was able to add a biologist
to initiate a program for the development of quota manage-
ment and more extensive fish sampling by the field staff.
The policy of initiating programs directed at assisting the
industry in exploring methods of catching fish, transporta-
tion of quality products, and processing was established in
principle.
The addition of a Fisheries Management Unit to concentrate
on fisheries problems on Lakes Temagami and Nipissing
established a fifth such "intensive-study team" in a key
fishery water. At the same time, the importance of District
fisheries management officers was recognized, and two addi-
tional positions were created bringing the total number to
thirteen.
The Fish Culturist training program previously directed to
hatchery technicians was re-established and expanded to
include additional fisheries management training. In addi-
tion to hatchery technicians, biologists, fishery management
officers and conservation officers were offered the course to
improve their technical background in fish culture and field
management.
The program of modernizing and renovating the provincial
hatchery system was marked by the beginning of recon-
struction of the North Bay trout rearing station.
Game Fish and Hatcheries
This Unit is responsible for the planning and coordination
of programs to develop and maintain the sports fishery in-
cluding: production of hatchery fish stocks; control and
distribution of stocks; stimulation of private hatchery and
fish pond development; modernization of the hatchery sys-
tem; application of new fish cultural techniques; assessment
of utilization by angling, including the effectiveness of plant-
ing; establishing angling seasons; habitat improvement
including lake reclamation and stream improvement; co-
ordinating studies of fisheries problems and assessing
results; acquisition and development Of public fishing areas;
providing information and promoting the sports fishery.
FISHERIES MANAGEMENT UNITS
(a) Kawartha Lakes: In May 1966, the Kawartha Lakes Man-
agement Unit started a three year trap-netting project in
Rice Lake. The purpose of this study is to estimate the
number of fish in the lake and determine growth rates,
mortality and environmental factors affecting the fish popu-
lation. The ultimate objective is to manage the fish popu-
lations and environment to provide the best possible return
to the angler.
Also, in 1%6, walleye were transferred from the Talbot River
to augment the walleye in Canal Lake which are subject to
potential winter kill each year as a result of a drawdown
of the water levels.
(b) Lake Simcoe: In the fall of 1964, a management unit
'.vith headquarters at Sibbald Point Provincial Park, was set
up to study and manage the fishery of Lake Simcoe. The
main emphasis during 1966 was placed on summer and
inter creel census. A new approach was taken to the open
. ater creel census for Lake Simcoe. It was designed to
sample specific areas for yellow perch, northern pike, lake
trout and bass and to do so during the period of year when
anglers could be expected to be present in large numbers.
The winter fishing season of 1966-'67 was estimated at 70
days. The ice conditions were poor in January and early
February, thereby shortening the overall fishing season. The
total catch per unit effort decreased slightly from 1965, with
lake trout and whitefish showing the greatest declines.
(c) Lake of the Woods: During the summer of 1966, the final
year of the proposed five-year Lake of the Woods study, the
eastern sector including Sabaskong and Whitefish Bay was
investigated.
Field work extended from May 22 to October 21, 1966. Trap-
net catches in the spring provided 582 walleyes, 10 lake
trout, six whitefish and five maskinonge for tagging. By
January 1, 1967, 23 walleyes, one lake trout and one maski-
nonge tags had been returned; all of these by anglers.
A parasitological study of the fishes of this sector was con-
ducted with the cooperation of the Research Branch.
Future work on the lake will involve a quantitative creel
census, depth and benthos stations for the portion of the
lake in the Fort Frances District, spawning studies for some
of the major species and the collection of aquatic vegetation
from Lake of the Woods.
(d) Lake Temagami: In the spring of 1966, Lake Temagami
was set up as a separate Fish Management Unit under the
direction of a biologist, assisted by a fisheries management
technician.
The major activities during 1966 included a creel census of
summer angling. Results showed that 2,965 anglers fished
12,658 man-hours for a catch of 1,425 fish, or a return of
about 0.11 fish per hour spent angling.
Also started in 1965 was a follow-up to determine the suc-
cess of stocking lake trout yearlings. Fin clipped lake trout
have been planted since 1961, with different fins being
removed prior to planting each year. The earlier plantings
are now expected to begin showing up in the angler's creel.
Gill netting and limnological work also formed an integral
part of the studies carried out by the Unit during its first
year of operation.
(e) Rainy Lake: This Unit, consisting of one biologist and
one summer student, was established in 1965 to study the
fishery resources of Rainy Lake, to investigate the reports
of declining angling success and to provide data upon which
management could be based.
The work program was interrupted briefly in the spring of
1966 due to a change of the biologist in charge, however by
late June the Unit was once again operational under the
direction of a new biologist. The 1966 operation was devoted
to distribution, age and growth studies of walleye and white-
fish, and was concentrated on the north arm of Rainy Lake.
(f) Georgian Bay: A long term study initiated in 1%2 to
gather knowledge of the walleye of the Pointe au Baril area
of Georgian Bay was continued in 1966. There were an addi-
tional 491 walleyes tagged during the spring and summer
netting periods. Tag recoveries in 1966 numbered 846; of
these, 753 were taken in Department nets, 76 returned by
anglers, 13 received from commercial fishermen, and four
recovered from dead fish.
Movements of fish support the belief that the Shawanaga
Basin contains a relatively discrete population of walleyes
and that there is no apparent spawning migration from
commercial fishing grounds to the Shawanaga Basin during
the spring.
PUBLIC FISHING AREAS
With increasing urbanization in southern Ontario and the
need for more recreational areas, the Department has estab-
lished four pilot public fishing areas — at Mount Pleasant,
at the St. Williams Forestry Station, at Normandale and on
the Jackson Forest Tract near St. Williams.
The ponds on these areas are stocked periodically with
catchable-size fish throughout the fishing season, and are
open to public fishing free of charge. The most popular site
has been the Mount Pleasant Public Fishing Area. In its
second year of successful operation in 1966, more than
28,500 anglers visited the site during the 20-week trout fish-
ing season. These fishermen spent a total of 86,164 angler-
hours to catch 26,173 trout, of which 10,488 were rainbow
trout and 15,685 were brook trout.
SPECIAL PROJECTS
(a) Talbot River Walleye: The spawning run of walleye in the
Talbot River has increased over the years. Since it is the
only spawning area in Lake Simcoe now known to be used
by walleye, it is of vital importance. This river is a part of
the water-control system of the Trent Canal and is subject
to water fluctuations which in recent years have been great.
The river is a main source of spawn for the Department's
walleye hatchery stock.
Arrangements were made in 1966 with the Department of
Transport to maintain water flow during April and May, giv-
ing the walleye every possible opportunity to spawn and
reproduce successfully.
(b) Mississagi Walleye Study: 1966 marked the final year of
work in a study initiated in 1961 to determine the relative
effects of angling and commercial fishing on the walleye
population.
The angling success as earlier predicted showed a marked
improvement in 1966. This improved fishing can be credited
to two strong year classes that resulted from spawning in
1962 and 1963, and appeared in the fishery as three and
four-year-old walleye. The results of this study indicated
that commercial fishing has only a minor effect on angling
success in comparison with the major effect of natural
fluctuations in spawning success. There appears to be no
reason to greatly restrict commercial fishing for walleye
under present conditions.
(c) Bark Lake: A 10-year project initiated in 1965 is aimed
at establishing whether extensive winter hydro drawdown of
Bark Lake water is affecting the natural reproduction of the
lake trout population. During the summer of 1966, a simul-
taneous intensive creel census was carried out on Bark and
Aylen Lakes. Aylen Lake is similar in nature to Bark Lake
but not subject to water drawdown, and the census there
will act as a "control". During the latter years of this pro-
gram, the use of such a "control" lake to discount natural
angling fluctuations may assist in pointing up the precise
influence of the hydro dam on the Bark Lake lake trout
population.
(d) Water Quality Tests: Water samples from specific lakes
are collected annually by field personnel and forwarded to
the Ontario Water Resources Commission laboratories for
analysis of total alkalinity, total dissolved solids and tur-
bidity. Tests were carried out on 753 water samples in 1966
as part of the lake survey program.
The detection of pollution is another aspect of the water
sampling carried on by the Department's field staff. When
the presence of deleterious substances is suspected, water
samples are taken and forwarded to the Ontario Water
Resources Commission for analysis. In 1966, 87 such
samples were analysed.
(e) Lake Reclamation — Lemke Lake: The reclamation of
Lemke Lake, situated in Alice Township six miles from
downtown Pembroke, was carried out jointly by the Depart-
ment and the Pembroke Outdoor Sportsman's Club in May.
1966. In mid-June, brook trout were stocked and exceptional
fishing has been experienced since.
(f) Lake Superior: Amendments to the Ontario Fishery Regu-
lations and regulations made under the Game and Fish Act
prohibited angling for lake trout in Lake Superior, except
under the authority of a lake trout angling licence, issued
free of charge and valid for a period of 30 days. The licensee
was required to complete and return a creel census card
attached to the licence within 15 days after the expiry of
the licence.
The returns for 1966 show a decided increase in the number
of lake trout harvested by a larger number of licensees. A
total of 2,515 licences were issued and 1,561 lake trout were
caught by anglers in 1966. compared to 858 licences issued
and 124 lake trout caught in 1965.
(g) Commercial Fishing - Angling Conflicts: The policy of
providing the maximum economic and social return from
the fishery resources, causes, at times, some conflict be-
tween sports and commercial fisheries. The Department
aims to make use of the resources, sometimes by sports
fisheries, and in some locations and for some species by
commercial fisheries, but preferably by both.
Complaints that sports fishing has been affected by the
presence of commercial fishing are being investigated in
several areas. A three-year investigation of the fishery in
Sturgeon Lake, in the Sioux Lookout District, has begun in
order to develop management ensuring the maintenance of
quality angling as well as the utilization of commercial
species not otherwise being harvested. The question of the
affect of a commercial fishery during the spawning season
on the strength of year classes of walleye in Georgian Bay,
is under investigation. A similar investigation has just been
completed in the North Channel.
On Lake of the Woods and Rainy Lake, similar conflict exists
between the two fishing interests. Fisheries Management
Units on these lakes have been directing their attentions
to the solutions of the problems to provide for the most
compatible utilization of the fishery resource.
LICENCES
Gross revenue from the sale of angling licences in Ontario
is approaching three million dollars. Total sales in 1966
amounted to $2,971,295. Sales of all licences, including non-
resident seasonal, non-resident three-day, non-resident
organized camp, resident Provincial Park and resident Pro-
vincial Park organized camp, showed an increase. Sales of
non-resident three-day licence cdlitinued to rise from 69,401
in 1963 to 151,373 in 1966. The increase in revenue from total
licence sales this year was $124,178 or 4.3%, and constitutes
one of the more substantial increases in recent years.
ANGLING REGULATIONS AND SUMMARY
Gradual consolidation of angling regulations were made in
1965 and 1966. Changes in angling zones were accomplis'- ^
over the two-year period to simplify seasons sufficientl.
that they could be illustrated on a map. In 1965, the Ang
Summary was doubled in size from previous years, including
more information for the sportsman. In 1966, the summary
was doubled again in size and maps of the Province showing
angling zones were included. For the first time anglers were
able to clearly understand angling-season-areas formerly
summarized only in print.
NET SECTION
The two Net Section staffs based at Port Arthur and Maple
assisted District personnel in fisheries management work
throughout 1966. Impounding gear (trap, pound and hoop
nets) were provided and maintained for fisheries investi-
gational work and spawn-taking operations. On some of the
larger projects, net section personnel actively assisted
district staff in the field work involved. In addition, the use-
fulness of impounding gear for commercial fishing was
demonstrated by net section specialists.
FISH HATCHERIES
The production and planting of hatchery reared fish is an
important part of the fisheries management program in
Ontario. Some 17 hatcheries were operated in 13 districts
during 1966. Fish species cultured include brook, rainbow,
aurora and lake trout, hybrid splake, kokanee, whitefish, lake
herring, maskinonge, walleye, largemouth and smallmouth
bass.
Fish culture in Ontario has evolved from a practical art into
an accurate science. The maintenance of records combined
with knowledge and experience has enabled our personnel
to predict such detailed information as weight gains over a
period of time from food calorie content. Though many prob-
lems of diet and disease control remain unsolved, there is
every indication that the rearing of fish can and will become
a far more efficient operation. To realize the benefits of
modern fish culture, it is necessary not only to up-date our
rearing facilities but also to encourage and promote the
technical training of hatchery staff.
One Federal and 15 Departmental employees were trained
this year at a fisheries management course held at the
University of Guelph. Fish culture and techniques form
much of the basis of this course in fisheries management.
Limited use was made of the Little Current hatchery during
1966. Its closure was planned to coincide with a regrouping
of fish hatchery facilities on Manitoulin Island at the Sand-
field station. The North Bay Trout Rearing station was closed
in 1966 for a total renovation of hatchery and rearing
facilities.
A new and modern hatchery building was completed at the
Normandale Trout Rearing station. Included were the instal-
lation of tray-type incubators, reinforced plastic rearing
troughs and a heat exchanger system for controlling the
temperature of water supplied to the incubators.
Pre-engineering and planning were carried out for the addi-
tion of six large earthen ponds at the Chatsworth station.
These ponds will be used in the production of the hybrid
splake. Present plans provide for an annual production of
500,000 yearling splake from this station for the rehabilita-
tion of Lake Huron.
Planning and pre-engineering work was initiated in connec-
tion with the development of the Thayer property at Sault
Ste. Marie for the construction of an experimental station
and a school of fish culture.
One policy was established prior to the end of the 1966-1967
fiscal year to mark, by fin clipping or tagging, all hatchery
fish. Fish planted in the spring of 1967 were marked with
the removal of the right pectoral fin. The primary aim of
this procedure is to facilitate the assessment of hatchery
plantings.
Concurrent with the importance of assessing the returns of
hatchery fish to the angler is a cost analysis of our fish
hatchery production figures. Example:
Table 22
CHATSWORTH TROUT REARING STATION 1966-1967
Food Cost
Production in Food Per Pound
SPECIES Pounds Conversion Produced
Brook trout
41,429
2.35
$0.34
Lake trout
4,050
4.42
0.89
Kokanee
489
5.20
1.12
Rainbow trout
25
5.80
0.70
Mean food cost to produce one pound of fish at this station
was $0.39. The total cost to produce one pound of fish, in-
cluding all of the above species, was $1.39. Production from
this station for the year 1966-1967 totalled 45,993 pounds or
1,323,541 fish including fingerlings and yearlings of four
species.
The use of plastic bags in the transfer of hatchery fish was
first used as a management technique in 1966 by the Sault
Ste. Marie District. In 1965, the district's inland brook trout
plantings required 65 hours of Otter aircraft flying time. In
1966, similar numbers were distributed in lli'2 hours, thus
realizing a substantial saving. Promotion of the technique
within the Department has stimulated several other Dis-
tricts to attempt its implementation in their fish planting
procedures.
During the past fiscal year, the first of the genetically selec-
ted hybrid splake were set aside for potential brood stock
at Codrington Trout Rearing Station. These fish will ulti-
mately be transferred for culture to the Chatsworth Trout
Rearing Station.
In line with the long term rehabilitation of the lower Great
Lakes, kokanee egg stocks were imported into Ontario. Two
and a half million walleye eyed-eggs were exchanged for
kokanee eggs from Montana and Colorado. Two million
brook trout eyed eggs were also exchanged with British
Columbia for an additional lot of kokanee eggs. Although
small and premature (two years of age), the first spawning
runs of kokanee were seen in the waters of Lake Huron and
Ontario in the fall of 1966.
Lake trout eggs were also received on an exchange basis
from Clearwater Lake (Atikemeg). Manitoba provided Ontario
with 200,000 lake trout eyed eggs in exchange for 100,000
brook trout eyed eggs and 50,000 maskinonge fry supplied
by Dorion and Deer Lake hatcheries respectively.
The distribution of hatchery fish to Ontario waters for public
use during the fiscal year 1966-1967 is outlined in Table 23.
This year, approximately 47,032,557 fish of all species were
cultured for current or future plantings, primarily for the
sport fishery. For the distribution of hatchery reared fish,
tabulated by species, for the years 1962 through 1966 see
Table 24.
A number of agencies were provided with approximately
212,000 fish, ranging from green eggs to yearlings, for
research and educational purposes. Such agencies include
the Fisheries Research Board of Canada; the University of
Toronto; the University of Western Ontario; the University
of Guelph; McMaster University and the Department of
Lands and Forests Research Branch.
Programs conducted by these agencies, and for which
hatchery fish were used, include the sea lamprey control
program; lethal temperature studies; light as it affects the
spawning cycle; experimental research in embryology,
morphology, metabolism, parasitology, and pathology; and
long term studies in population dynamics, fish culture tech-
niques and planting methods as they affect the return of
hatchery fish to the angler.
The Dorion and Tarentorus Trout Rearing Stations again
met Ontario's commitment of yearling lake trout for Lake
Superior as the Province's part of the International re-
habilitation program. Those fish from Tarentorus (Sault Ste.
Marie) station were planted between Corbeil Point and
Goulais Bay (100,000), and from Otter Head to the Michi-
picoten River (125,000). Dorion (Port Arthur) fish were
planted in Jackfish Bay (75,000), Nipigon Bay (75,000) and
between Magnet Point and Fluor Island (75,000).
HATCHERIES (PRIVATE)
In 1966, 30 private fish hatcheries were licenced to sell fish
for restocking, and 32 to sell for human consumption.
Ontario regulates private fish hatcheries in order to control
the distribution of fish within the natural watersheds and
to prevent the sale and movement of diseased fish. The
primary species dealt with were brook and rainbow trout,
largemouth and smallmouth bass.
A group of private hatchery operators formed the Canadian
Fish Farmers Association in 1966, the first Canadian group
of its kind.
Table 23
FISH DISTRIBUTION FROM ONTARIO PROVINCIAL HATCHERIES FOR 1966
Largemouth
Smallmouth
HATCHERY
Brook Trout
Lake Trout
Rainbow Trout Bass
Bass
Maskinonge
Whiteflsh
Walleye Splake
Chatsworth
^19,940 Fg"
230,341 Y
5,900 Y
5,030 Y —
—
—
—
— —
Codrington
17,300 Fg
23,630 Y
3,150 Y —
—
—
—
— —
Deer Lake
55,200 Y
325,400 Fg
134,500 Y
9,000 Y —
—
1,303,112 F
—
— —
Dorion
17,385 Y
385 2 Yr
4,150 A
108,750 Fg
259,980 Y
77,581 Fg
Hill Lake
116,500 Y
23,100 2 Yr
1,100 A
97,000 Y
312 A
65,480 F —
13,520 Fg
~
"
Little Current
—
—
—
—
—
19,845,000 F
— —
Midhurst
47,230 Y
—
7,000 Y —
—
—
—
_ _
Normandale
. 32,350 Y
—
100,000 EE —
47,440 Y
—
—
—
51
Table 23
FISH DISTRIBUTION FROM ONTARIO PROVINCIAL HATCHERIES FOR 1966 (Continued)
Largemouth Smallmouth
HATCHERY
North Bay
Pembroke
Port Arthur
Sandfield
Brook Trout Lake Trout Raintx}w Trout Bass
Bass
Maskinonge Whitefish
112,750 Y 80,000 Y
26,400 Fg 11,900 F
229,486 Y
— 90,000 Fg
150,500 Y 49,450 Y
1,000 Y
36,000 F
55,000 Fg
160 A
Walleye Splake
Table 24
FISH DISTRIBUTION FROM ONTARIO PROVINCIAL HATCHERIES 1962 TO 1966
NUMBER OF FISH
SPECIES OF FISH
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
BASS, LARGEMOUTH
Fry
55,000
45.000
112,000
81,000
41,500
Fingerling
112,120
92,550
90,650
107,500
147,000
Yearling and Adult
20
—
^
—
—
BASS, SMALLMOUTH
Fry
147,000
134,000
52,000
58.000
36,200
Fingerling
177,300
287,700
239,450
230,700
215,500
Adult
291
316
290
165
160
GRAYLING, ARCTIC
Adult
500
—
275
—
—
MASKINONGE
Fry
2,970,000
1,870,000
1,530,000
1,850.000
1,303,112
Fingerling
23,550
27,150
26,300
24,600
—
Yearling
—
—
—
15
—
SALMON, ATLANTIC
Eyed Eggs
53,280
—
—
—
—
Fry
—
1,250
15,400
—
—
Yearling
—
4,520
—
—
—
Adult
—
—
106
—
—
WALLEYE
Eyed Eggs
20,500,000
7,200,000
14,000,000
15,600,000
10,000,000
Fry
8,994,000
11,440.000
1,353.000
—
8,232,000
Fingerling
201,070
217,000
—
55,655
—
KOKANEE
Eyed Eggs
—
—
—
683,300
923,200
Fry
—
—
1,608.344
942,911
Fingerling
—
—
—
287,680
—
SPLAKE
Yearling
111,792
114,100
87,650
21,200
69,000
2 Years
2,400
11,645
15,700
—
Adults
—
—
—
—
44
TROUT, ALBINO
Yearling
—
5,303
3,873
4,380
—
TROUT, AURORA
Fry
582
—
Fingerling
1,347
—
—
4,000
—
Yearling
—
—
682
— .
T—
TROUT, BROOK
Eyed Eggs
493,500
574,580
400.000
673,900
—
Fry
—
—
8.000
—
Fingerling
651,300
391,570
505.750
600,275
480,490
Yearling
1,655,249
1,883,478
1,725.755
1,818,891
1,599,092
2 Years
75,445
72,522
111,920
69,216
23,485
Adults
—
5,410
TROUT, LAKE
Eyed Eggs
—
—
20,000
—
—
Fry
13,000
—
—
—
11,900
Fingerling
240,300
185,800
690
224,800
395.081
Yearling
988,732
949,754
981,806
826,865
1,335,830
2 Years
718
5,510
535
9,340
—
Adults
—
—
—
312
Table 24
FISH DISTRIBUTION FROM ONTARIO PROVINCIAL HATCHERIES 1962 TO 1966 (Continued)
NUMBER OF
FISH
SPECIES OF FISH
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
TROUT, RAINBOW
Eyed Eggs
—
—
—
—
100,000
Fry
—
—
—
65,000
Fingerling
60,300
3,000
140,500
11,750
30,820
Yearling
291,158 173,152
318,890
269,285
125,510
2 Years and older
8,650
11,380
14,553
62,750
10,000
WHITEFISH
Eyed Eggs
Fry
46,575,000 46,350.000
27,090,000
24,030,000
19,845,000
HERRING
Eyed Eggs
—
—
—
—
1,150,000
Total
84,400,622 72,042,035
48,842,302
49,294,311
47,023,557 "
SUMMARY OF THE FISH DISTRIBUTED FROM LICENCED PRIVATE HATCHERIES
IN ONTARIO DURING
1966
No. of Fish
No. of Permits
PRIVATE HATCHERY
SPECIES DISTRIBUTED
AGE
Transferred
Issued
Francis A. Olde,
Brook Trout
Fingerlings
800
Beaverbrook Trout Hatchery,
Yearlings
400
R.R. 4, St. Thomas
Adults
250
30
Rainbow Trout
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Adults
3,940
675
965
Caledon Mountain Trout Club,
Brook Trout
Fry
41,500
Noreen Neilson, Secretary,
Fingerlings
1,000
Inglewood
Yearlings
Adult
1,000
25
26
Rainbow Trout
Eggs
Fry
Fingerlings
18,000
44,000
1,050
Alfons de Coensei,
Brook Trout
Adults
375
R.R. 1, Simcoe
4
Rainbow Trout
Adults
60
Carmen Denton,
Largemouth Ba
ss
Fingerlings
50
R.R. 1, Curries
Yearlings
1,337
5
Howard Gallaugher,
Brook Trout
Yearlings
100
R.R. 2, Homings Mills
Adults
220
5
Rainbow Trout
Adults
200
Rene Goossens,
Brook Trout
Fingerlings
11,500
Goossens Trout Farm Limited
Yearlings
Adults
830
1,100
32
Rainbow Trout
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Adults
55,800
950
2,010
Duncan Hossack,
Brook Trout
Yearlings
500
Hossack Hatchery,
Adults
500
246 Dundas Street, Thamesford
10
Rainbow Trout
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Adults
2,200
1,100
4,746
D.E. Tiffin,
Brook Trout
Fry
10,900
Humber Springs Hatchery,
Fingerlings
3,400
R.R. 5, Orangeville
Yearlings
Adults
750
775
20
Rainbow Trout
Fingerlings
Yearlings
1,150
375
Henry Kemp,
Brook Trout
Fingerlings
900
17
R.R. 2, Colborne
Yearlings
3,100
SUMMARY OF THE FISH DISTRIBUTED FROM LICENCED PRIVATE HATCHERIES IN ONTARIO DURING 1966
(Continued)
PRIVATE HATCHERY
SPECIES DISTRIBUTED
AGE
K.V. Tiffin,
Midhurst Trout Hatchery,
R.R. 1, Midhurst
W. McCutcheon,
R.R. 1, Rockwood
Ray Olan,
Box 63, Campbellville
James Alexander,
Ozark Lodge.
R.R. 3, Cobourg
Ivan Cryderman.
Rainbow Ranch, Box 9
Milton
Donald Barnes,
St. George Trout Farm,
R.R. 1, St. George
Shadowbrook Trout Hatchery,
R.R. 2, Hornings Mills
Russell C. Coulson,
R.R. 3, Campbellville
Fred Trimborn,
Spring Valley Hatchery,
R.R. 2, Petersburg
Harold White,
Box 201, Aylmer West
James Howgego,
Woodstock Trout Hatchery,
260 Mill Street, Woodstock
Brook Trout
Rainbow Trout
Rainbow Trout
Brook Trout
Rainbow Trout
Brook Trout
Rainbow Trout
Brook Trout
Rainbow Trout
Brook Trout
Rainbow Trout
Largemouth Bass
Bluegills
Brook Trout
Rainbow Trout
A policy has been established in Ontario to limit the im-
portation of fish and spawn in order to control the spread
of parasites, diseases, and undesirable species. However, a
limited number of permits were issued in 1966 for the
importation of fall-spawning rainbow trout eggs. The source
of the eggs in the western United States was designated
because the hatchery has no record of disease organisms
that have not yet appeared in Ontario. The sole reason for
allowing this import was because there were inadequate
stocks of fall-spawning rainbow trout in Ontario. For the
distribution of fish raised by private hatcheries for restock-
ing purposes in 1966 see Table 25.
Commercial Fish
This Unit is responsible for the issuance of commercial
fishing licences as well as accounting for licence fees; col-
lection and compilation of statistics of the catch; initiating
and directing programs for monitoring of fish stocks through
sampling systems; establishment of seasons, quotas and
conditions for fishing; development of programs to assist
the industry in catching, processing, handling and marketing
fishes.
LICENCING
Licencing practices and policies applying to commercial
fisheries are continuously being reviewed and revised in
light of information on current biologic and economic con-
ditions. In July of 1966, a policy statement respecting the
licensing of fisheries on Lake Huron was announced. It
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Adults
Adults
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Adults
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Yearlings
Adults
Yearlings
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Adults
Fingerlings
Yearlings
2-year-olds
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Fingerlings
Adults
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Adults
Adults
Fingerlings
Yearlings
Yearlings
No. of Fish
No. of Permits
Transferred
Issued
14,000
8
2,200
175
700
1
1,100
17
819
122
1,850
6
1,200
3,400
23
3,312
500
6,500
20
2,190
1,925
191,900
26,250
4,472
91
145
200
4
1,150
600
16
9,000
1,900
75
71
6
225
100
200
provided for the expansion of existing fisheries; the elimina-
tion of licences under which the fishing privileges were not
being exercised; and the restriction of entry into the fishery
through new licensing. Previous provisions for transferring
a fishery and for experimental fishing were retained.
The objective was to strengthen the fishery resource man-
agement program through which the active Lake Huron-
Georgian Bay fishermen would have a better opportunity to
attain a level of income comparable to that enjoyed by those
employed in other industries in the community. At the same
time, the objectives of allowing full and multiple resource
use while ensuring continuing optimum yields continued as
the basic frame of reference.
ORGANIZATION CHANGES
The Commercial Fish Unit was enlarged in 1966 by the addi-
tion of a classification for a third biologist. The position was
filled in 1967. The new position will allow attention to be
directed more fully to the program of data collection from
commercial catches and more reliable quota decisions. The
use of quotas as a means of fixing the commercial harvest
to an optimum level is increasing. Information obtained by
examining the species, size and age composition of com-
mercial catches of fish will aid in setting quotas. It also
provides a basis for other management decisions.
FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
Instruction in modern fishing techniques and in the proper
care of fish was provided Indians in Northern Ontario under
the Federal-Provincial Resources Development Agreement
in 1966. Maintenance and repair of nets and their efficient
use was demonstrated, along with the recommended
methods of icing and packing fish products. The work is
expected to raise the level of efficiency of operation, and to
increase the quality and the value of the fish. The aim is
to help commercial fishermen in northern communities
achieve a better living from the resource.
At Lake of the Woods, personnel from the Regional Net
Section at Port Arthur demonstrated trap nets for a third
season. Commercial fishermen, who have traditionally used
gill nets, were acquainted with the design and use of this
type of impounding net. At the same time, its feasibility for
use in Lake of the Woods was tested further. Many fisher-
men were impressed with the effectiveness of the trap net
and some acknowledged their intention of converting their
present fisheries to this form of gear. The increasing use
of trap nets in lieu of gill nets is expected to have a bene-
ficial effect on relations between the various interests who
depend on the fishery to provide either profit or recreation.
Competition for space or for particular species can be
materially reduced where trap nets can be employed.
Initial steps were taken to develop programs for exploratory
trawling in Lake Huron, and for the granting of technical
and financial assistance in pilot studies carried out by the
fishing industry in areas of fish transport and processing.
The decision to expand projects in these fields was based
upon the need to encourage the establishment of markets
for abundant but, presently, little used species in Ontario
waters, and to develop modern fisheries by which these fish
can be taken efficiently and profitably.
In 1966, the Department maintained a bait fish market intel-
ligence service in southern Ontario through which informa-
tion on supplies was collected from wholesalers of bait and
conveyed to dealers looking for expanded or new sources
of supply. The wholesaling side of the bait fish industry has
developed significantly in recent years and may be credited
with a major portion of the $1.3 million in sales recorded
in 1966. Wholesaling enterprises, with their greater capitaliz-
ation in catching and holding equipment and facilities, have
contributed materially to much needed continuity in bait
fish supplies. They had not been fully effective in making
fish available because of lack of contact with the widespread
retail outlets. The market intelligence service has success-
fully eliminated much of this problem by introducing the
wholesalers to dealers.
A bait fish workshop, which afforded persons in the industry
an opportunity of obtaining technical advice from fish cul-
turists and biologists, was conducted. Instruction was given
in capturing techniques, handling procedures, holding and
transportation methods and disease treatment. In addition,
the fundamentals of culturing bait fish were discussed.
Further advice and assistance was provided by an experi-
enced fish culturist who visited sites of operation, inspected
facilities and examined fish for disease at intervals during
the season.
REGULATIONS
Regulations requiring the holder of a commercial fishing
licence to report his fishing activity each month were
amended in 1966. Reports were required to be submitted to
field offices instead of Fish and Wildlife Branch seven days
earlier, on the 8th of each month. After preliminary check-
ing, the reports are forwarded to the Commercial Fish Unit
for coding and data processing. As a result of these changes,
information needed for the administration of quotas and for
other management purposes became available to Depart-
mental personnel at an earlier date, and reliability was
increased. Unnecessary delay in the preparation of tabula-
tions and summaries of fishing statistics was removed.
Monofilament gill nets, which have been found to be more
efficient than nets constructed with woven nylon fibres, were
banned from Lake Ontario at the request of the Eastern
Lake Ontario Commercial Fishermen's Association. In this
instance, the fears of the fishermen that the gear would be
too efficient in their whitefish fishery was the basis for the
action.
Development and expansion of the bait-fish industry led to
a change in licensing regulations and a resultant fee in-
crease in 1966. For the first time, all bait-fish fishermen were
required to obtain a bait-fish dealer's licence before live bait
fish, taken under the authority of a seine net, dip net or trap
licence, were sold. As a result of this change, the number of
dealer's licences more than doubled over the previous year.
The regulations with respect to the use of dip nets to take
coarse fish for personal use were amended for 1965, allow-
ing holders of the licence to harvest whitefish or herring in
October, November or December from waters designated in
the licence. This permission is not granted for waters in
which commercial fishing for whitefish is carried out.
The Department did not introduce regulations to restrict
taking of kokanee. This new introduction into parts of Lake
Huron and Lake Ontario began to show evidence during the
year of successful survival from plantings made two years
earlier. It was considered essential to obtain maximum in-
formation about this exotic species before inaugurating any
restrictions on its capture.
PROJECTS
Measurements and scale samples were obtained from
several thousand walleye and whitefish taken in commercial
nets, following the implementation of commercial catch in-
spections by the Fish and Wildlife staff on Lakes Erie, St.
Clair and Huron. Information concerning the abundance,
growth, mortality and reproduction of fishes thus obtained
has value in determining proper management measures. It
is planned that this program will be further developed on
these lakes and extended to other major commercial
fisheries.
Attention was focused during the year to solution of prob-
lems in the marketing of Ontario fish and fish products. A
special study was conducted on the subject of benefits to
the industry arising from a proposed licensing of fish dealers
in Ontario. Staff worked on an inter-provincial committee
considering details of a fish marketing organization as pro-
posed by the Royal Commission on Freshwater Fish Market-
ing, and the subject was brought before the fishery. In Lake
Erie, the Prices Support Board began a one-year price sup-
port program placing a floor price of 10 cents per pound on
yellow perch. The program was later extended to include all
Ontario produced yellow perch.
THE COMMERCIAL FISHERY
The fishery produced over 56 million pounds of fish in 1966,
worth nearly six million dollars to the primary producers.
Total capital in the fishery was valued at over 10 million
dollars. As a result of Departmental policies, the total num-
ber of fisheries continued to decline, with the number of
licences down to 1,822 from 1,881 in 1965. Reduction in the
number of fishing enterprises along with increased catch
resulted in a slight increase in the average earning per
fishing unit.
Fisheries Inventory
This Unit is responsible for the development of an efficient
inventory of the waters of the Province; for coordinating and
enlarging the province-wide lake and stream survey pro-
grams; for establishing data retrieval and analysis systems
for the use of inventory information for management pur-
poses, and for the dissemination to the public and other
agencies.
PROJECTS
it was possible to accomplish much in the way of planning
during the short period the Unit was functional in the 1966-
1967 fiscal year. The groundwork was laid for a data process-
ing system to handle data from over 3,000 lakes which have
been surveyed to date. A start was made on standardizing
lake survey techniques and equipment. The Unit also began
preliminary work for the rating of sport fishing lakes under
the A.R.D.A. C.L.I, program. The sport fish capability classifi-
cation of lakes embraces all lakes in the A.R.D.A. areas,
involving 14 of the 22 administrative Districts. Proposals for
making lake maps and survey information available to the
general public was investigated, and preliminary plans made
for the drafting of suitable material.
A lake sun/ey manual was prepared for use by the field
staff, outlining minimal requirements for lake surveys and
bringing up-to-date the methods by which biological, chemi-
cal, and physical information should be obtained and
recorded. The testing of the manual by field parties for
effective use in the field was followed by evaluations after
the field season was complete.
Three teams of two sudent biologists each were assigned
to lake survey work in the Lindsay, Sault Ste. Marie and
Port Arthur Districts to augment the programs already estab-
lished by the field staffs. These teams were able to survey
an additional 38 lakes during a four-month field season.
Indian Resource Development
This Unit is responsible for the administration and coordina-
tion of the Federal-Provincial Resources Development agree-
ment; development of programs for Indian-use of the
resources; liaison between Indians, Indian Affairs Branch
and the Department.
The Federal-Provincial Resources Development Agreement
between the Department of Lands and Forests and the
Indian Affairs Branch became effective April 1st, 1962. The
agreement is designed to improve the livelihood of persons
resident in the remote underdeveloped areas of Ontario,
most of whom are Indian, and to develop and manage the
renewable natural resources on which these residents
depend for all or a substantial part of their livelihood.
Table 26
ONTARIO DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS
STATISTICS OF THE FISHING INDUSTRY IN THE PUBLIC WATERS OF ONTARIO
FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1966
The agreement applies to all matters relating to resource
development, management, and harvesting and might in-
clude commercial fishing, fishing and hunting for domestic
use, tourism, wild rice, forestry, big game surveys, park
development and trapper development.
In order to set up and carry out the program, meetings are
held annually with representatives of the Department of
Lands and Forests, Indian Affairs Branch and Indian Band
representatives. The projects are planned and carried out
by the District staff of the Department of Lands and Forests.
Table 25
TOTAL DISTRIBUTION FROM
LICENCED PRIVATE HATCHERIES
Brook Trout 52,400 Fry
226,500 Fingerlings
36,930 Yearlings
8,492 Adults
Total 324"322
Rainbow Trout 18,000 Eggs
44,000 Fry
80.885 Fingerlings
11,809 Yearlings
14,115 Adults
Total 168,809
Largemouth Bass 50 Fingerlings
1,337 Yearlings
71 Adults
Total M58
Bluegills 225 Fingerlings
ToTal 225
GRAND TOTAL 494,814
Total number of permits issued: 343
QUANTITIES OF FISH TAKEN (in pounds)
Lake
Lake
Lake
Lake
Georgian
North
Lake
Northern
Southern
Total
Total 1
SPECIES
Ontario
Erie
St. Clair
Huron
Bay
Channel
Superior
Inland
Inland
Catch
Value 1
Blue Pickerel
8
_
_
_
_
_
8 $ 2.00 1
Bullhead
97,217
8,151
8,790
58,160
175,403
347,721
59,734.66 1
Carp
301,623
89,794
325,482
43,401
21,399
5,277
260
149.512
936,748
79,153.31 1
69,040.75 7
Catfish
25,988
158,683
48,297
6,811
17,568
16,135
273,482
Chub & Tullibee
—
—
—
652,614
285,503
12,129
314,822
1,265,068
174,952.74
Dogfish
2,137
8,313
525
13,120
24,095
532.51
Eels
143,098
131
6,991
150,220
35,496.17
Goldeye
—
—
—
—
6,897
—
6,897
1,846.00
Lake Herring
36,052
117
—
3,721
2,603
639
1,134,988
5,712
1,183,832
62,640.27
Lake Trout
Ling
Menominee
—
—
—
77
12
32
108,364
65,647
—
174,132
74,062.95
_
13,285
30,187
3,729
7,829
2,806
_
57.836
9,928.05
Northern Pike
21,787
1,420
14,352
438
6,992
20,486
3,190
934,800
1,652
1,005,117
84.%2.05
Perch (Yellow)
153,995
20,697,658
36,049
151,954
62,949
15,620
8,685
19,692
4.833
21,151,435
1,912,822.55
Rock Bass &
3,485
339,276
412
343,173
3,064.85
Crappies
46,423
50,699
62,692
41
522
99,553
11,481
271,411
60,417.45
Saugers
—
—
156
31
15
7,648
51,224
128
59,202
12,920.25
Sheepshead
20,665
939,748
10,941
83.185
1,830
__
281
1,287
1,057,937
16,074.91
Smelt
141,135
15,913,984
1,051
82
16,056,252
472,429.14
Sturgeon
1,908
839
11,322
2,598
1,418
15,743
1,549
43,029
7,317
85,723
104,683.64
Caviar
—
28
7
182
52
32
1,116
5
1,422
5,651.90
Suckers
23,525
58,934
67,157
%,329
68,367
40,190
28,733
889,470
33,318
1,306,023
22,456.67
Sunfish
125,612
1,708
43,061
82,634
253,015
28,812.48
Turtles
1,116
—
1,116
93.00
Walleye
44,192
991,313
249,451
217,882
40,564
19,348
376,940
2,047,603
3,987,293
1,620.905.10
White Bass
19,095
1,756,888
19,695
7,250
254
921
1,829
1,805,932
350,077.70
White Fish
57,258
6,218
—
347,512
156,627
75,056
133,566
1,975,976
55,905
2,812,118
707,029.07
White Perch
172,467
—
—
1,828
174,295
13,185.17
Mixed "Scrap" &
1
"Animal Food"
189.722
740,944
40,804
329,208
54,433
12,249
19,280
153,170
12,729
1,552,539
11,690.49
Total Catch:
1,625,015
41.425,578
938,781
1,957,570
750,855
208,923
1,846,386
7,010,415
580,519
56,344,042
Total Value:
5??0.0O6.65 $3,104,813.49 $238,526.20 $465,637.74 $170,791.83 $73,901.68 $326,588.22 $1,313,915.05 $80,484.97
$5,994,665.83
ACCOUIMTS BRANCH
OBJECTIVES
1. To provide a complete financial management service to
the Department.
2. To maintain a system of property taxation in unorganized
areas of the Province.
3. To perform administrative services assigned.
ORGANIZATION
Accounts Branch is divided into units with duties and
responsibilities as follows.
Accounting: Supervision of accounting for entire Depart-
ment; preparation of claims under Federal-Provincial agree-
ments; compilation of costing reports; procedural control
and safe keeping of assets; financial liaison wiLn Treasury
Board, Provincial Auditor, and other Government Depart-
ments and agencies.
Revenue: Collection of revenue; maintenance of accounts
receivable; supervision of accountable warrant funds; con-
trol of collateral securities; issue of angling and hunting
licences and park permits.
Expenditure: Preparation of payrolls; internal check and
payment of accounts payable; processing of refunds; pre-
paration of data for Public Accounts.
Budget Preparation and Control: Compilation of estimates
and forecasts; expenditure reporting and control.
Finance and Cost Analyses: Financial evaluation of plans;
preparation of statistical and financial reports.
Accounting Systems and Procedures: Development of
accounting systems; preparation of accounting procedural
manuals; development of costing systems.
Land Tax Administration: Administration of Provincial Land
Tax Act; assessments and appeals.
Internal Audit: Review and appraisal of accounting, financial
and operational controls.
Systems and Procedures: Provide systems improvement
program for entire Department.
General: Data processing; addressograph and mail services.
FINANCIAL REPORT
For Year Ended March 31st, 1967
1.CASH RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS
The following shows the results of operations for the year:
Total— Cash Disbursements $42,212,898.28
Cash Receipts 27,417,794.21
Excess of Disbursements over Receipts $14,795,104.07
2. COMPARISON OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS
WITH THOSE OF THE PREVIOUS TWO YEARS
(a) Receipts Branch
1%5 1966 1967
Provincial Land
Tax $ 1,440,259. $ 1,528,775. $ 1,772,838.
Fish and Wildlife 5,729,078. 6,153,301. 6,741,700.
Forest Protection 136,012. 98,671. 113,545.
Lands and Surveys 1,024,250. 1,050,480. 1,470.184.
Parks 1,335,214. 1,884,935. 2,103,496.
Timber 14,112,981. 15,363,949. 14,980,397.
Other 264,369. 256,243. 235,634.
$24,042,163. $26,336,3547^27,417,794.
$28,667,274. $28,528,699. $36,307,310.
1,562,776. 3,893,760. 5,905,588.
(b) Disbursements:
Chargeable
to Ordinary
Account
Chargeable
to Capital
Disbursements
$30,230,050. $32,422,459. $42,212,898.
statement 1
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS
For Year Ended March 31st, 1967
RECEIPTS
MAIN OFFICE
Provincial Land Tax $1,772,837.83
_Sale of Maps, Publications, etc 136,659.53 $ 1,909,497.36
FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH
Licences, Royalties and Sundry (see Statement No. 3) 6,741,700.62
FOREST PROTECTION BRANCH
Forest Protection Section:
Recovery of Fire Fighting Costs and Miscellaneous $ 81,666.65
Air Service Section:
Flying Fees 31,878.03 113,544.68
Lj^NDS and SURVEYS BRANCH
Lands Section:
Land Sales (Capital) $ 732,281.38
Land Rentals: Leases and Licences of Occupation 346,762.17
Perquisites — Rentals 177,453.17
Miscellaneous 11,659.25
Park Rentals — Leases and Licences of Occupation:
Algonquin $ 14,235.87
Rondeau 14,391.33
Presqu'iie 2,775.00
Long Point 848.30
Sundry Parks 2,014.35 34,264.85
Summer Resort Roads — Recovery of Construction Costs (Capital) 17,013.81
Surveys Section:
_ Recovery of Survey Fees 150,750.00 1,470,184.63
PARKS BRANCH
Parks Concessions:
Rentals $ 105,670.39
Permits (All Parks)
Vehicle $1,024,315.00
Campsite 935,513.25
Boat 12,810.00
Guide 5,100.00 1,977,738.25
Miscellaneous 20,087.01 2,103,495.65
TIMBER BRANCH
Timber Section (see Statement No. 2)
Timber Dues, Bonus, etc. $14,566,469.59
Logging Roads — Recovery Construction Costs (Capital) 307,039.21
Reforestation Section:
Sale Nursery Stock 106,888.30 14,980,397.10
FOREST RANGER SCHOOL
Tuition Fees 16,051.39
GOVERNMENT OF CANADA
Ordinary:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement $1,180,039.9S
Federal-Provincial Resources Development Agreement 95,230.48
Technical Vocational Training Agreement 118,040.47 $1,393,310.90
Capital:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement $ 475,000.01
Agricultural Rehabilitation and Development Act 73,017.70 548,017.71 1,941,328.61
$29,276,200.04
GROSS RECEIPTS
Deduct — Reimbursements of Expenditures:
Ordinary:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement (see Contra) $1,175,017.99
Resources Development Agreement (see Contra) 90,467.18
Technical Vocational Training Agreement (see Contra) 117,920.65
Capital:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement:
Logging Roads $ 105,166.21
Forest Access Roads 369,833.80 475,000.01 1,858,405.83
$27,417,794.21
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS (Continued)
NET RECEIPTS
Excess of Disbursements over Receipts
14,795,104.07
$42,212,89828
DISBURSEMENTS
Statutory
MAIN OFFICE
Minister's Salary
Salaries
Travelling Expenses
Maintenance and Operatin
$1,437,623.17
49,973.96
236,812.35
$ 12,000.00
1,724,409.48
Public Information and Education
Damages, Other Claims, etc.
Workmen's Compensation Board
Annuities and Bonuses to Indians
Unemployment Insurance
Advisory Committee to Minister
Grant to Ontario Forestry Association
Grant to Canadian Council of Resource Ministers
232,566.99
5,429.00
155,320.17
37,424.00
88,938.37
2,300.87
10,000.00
41,656.00
BRANCHES
FISH AND WILDLIFE
Salaries
Travelling Expenses
, Maintenance and Operating
405,550.73
36,542.56
126,573.36
$ 568,666.65
Grants:
Jack Miner Migratory Bird Foundation, inc.
Thomas N. Jones
Ontario Fur Breeders' Association, Inc
Ontario Council Commercial Fisheries
Ontario Trappers' Association
28,400.00
300.00
5,000.00
5,000.00
5,000.00
Wolf Bounty
j43,7^.00^
59,084.00
FOREST PROTECTION
Salaries
Travelling Expenses
Maintenance and Operating
UNDS'aND SURVEYS
Salaries
Travelling Expenses
Maintenance and Operating
Land Surveys
Storage Dams
199,960.64
12,260.62
19,974.05
586,216.10
10,966.22
25,040.61
Control and Maintenance
Grant — Association of Ontario Land Surveyors
622,222.93
617,001.06
4,229.25
200.00
2,310,044.88
671,450.65
232,195.31
1,243,653.24
PARKS
Salaries
Travelling Expenses
Maintenance and Operating
RESEARCH
Salaries
Travelling Expenses
Maintenance and Operating
182,711.34
13,490.58
8,557.63
$ 776,685.32
39,913.22
90,490.62
Grant — Ontario Research Foundation
$ J07,089.16
$' 50,000.00
204,759.55
957,089.16
TIMBER
Salaries
Travelling Expenses
Maintenance and Operating
$ 745,549.59
46,467.67
194,369.70
Grants — Municipalities and Conservation Authorities (see Statement No. 5)
^ 986,386.96
80,309.46
1,066,696.42
FIELD SERVICES
BASIC ORGANIZATION — District Offices
Salaries
Travelling Expenses
Maintenance and Operating
Equipment — Other than Forest Fire Suppression
Maintenance of Forest Access Roads
$19,010,147.63
764,859.58
5,881,799.40
2,675,990.41
617,884.38
$28,950,681.40
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS (Continued)
Less — Federal Contributions:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement $ 1,175,017.99
Resources Development Agreement 90,467.18
EXTRA FIRE FIGHTING
Wages, etc.. Maintenance and Operating
Forest Fire Suppression Equipment
FOREST RANGER SCHOOL
Salaries. Travelling Expenses, Maintenance and Operating
Less — Federal Contribution
1,265,485.17 27.685,1%.23
833.071.03
641,662.71
191,408.32
263,457.81
117,920.65
JUNIOR RANGER PROGRAM
Wages, Travelling Expenses, Maintenance and Operating
SUMMER RESORT ACCESS ROADS (CAPITAL)
Construction Costs
LOGGING ROADS (CAPITAL)
Construction Costs (see Receipts)
Less — Federal Contribution
FOREST ACCESS ROADS (CAPITAL)
Construction Costs
Less — Federal Contribution
LAND ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT
Parks, Recreation Areas, Public Hunting and Fishing Areas,
Construction of Buildings and Other Improvements
TOTAL DISBURSEMENTS
347,9%.51
105,166.21
875.697.33
369,833.80
145,53716
957,616.38
53,031.57
242,830.30
505,863.53
5,103,862.87
$42,212,898.28
Statement 2
TIMBER BRANCH - TIMBER SECTION
ANALYSIS OF CASH RECEIPTS BY DISTRICTS
For Year Ended March 31st, 1967
Forest
Protection
Interest
Scalers' V\/ages
Total
Timber
Districts
Crown Dues
Ground Rent
Charges
Mill Licences, Etc.
Revenue
Chapleau
$ 637,831.28
$ 1,558.00
$ 20,164.40
$ 554.46
f.5
660,108.14
Cochrane
1,380,882.92
7,883.00
100,902.40
1,184.47
W
1,490.852.79
Fort Frances
303,203.95
979.00
13,284.54
183.47
'—
317,651.06
Geraldton
1,682,725.04
14,575.00
186,560.00
249.25
i>^
1,884,109.29
Gogama
415,918.80
1,208.00
15,462.40
436.74
433,025.94
Kapuskasing
1,734,418.35
6,962.00
89,113.60
484.33
' <-/
1,830,978.28
Kenora
977,227.23
10,773.00
137,894.40
310.19
1.126,204.82
Lindsay
43,805.74
173.00
2,214.40
1,227.13
47,420.27
North Bay
728,304.02
4,216.00
50,943.02
1,168.60
784,631.64
Parry Sound
283.380.52
1,444.00
18,427.94
500.94
303.753.40
Pembroke
738,861.26
3,532.00
45,195.60
254.14
787,843.00
Port Arthur
1,528,679.39
14,875.00
190,413.80
10,416.22
(J^
1,744,384.41
Sault Ste. Marie
839,549.%
6,017.00
76,247.84
19,219.77
941,034.57
Sioux Lookout
783,089.66
1,497.00
20,428.37
4,301.83
809,316.86
Sudbury
316,668.69
4,421.00
61,812.40
337.61
383,239.70
Swastika
457,328.68
1,948.00
25,748.40
298.70
485,323.78
Tweed
205,119.02
636.00
8,099.94
758.75
214,613.71
White River
192,690.32
23,409.45
3,253.00
43,256.16
17,670.74
63.00
2,677.53
239,262.48
43,757.72
Other Districts
$13,273,094.28
$85,950.00
$1,123,840.45
$44,627.13
$14,527,511.86 1
Percentage of Total
1
Timber Revenue
91.36
.60
7.74
.30
100.00%|
Percentage of
Cash Deposits
Total Timber
Total Timt)er
Received and
Revenue and
Revenue and
Refunded
Cash Deposits
Cash Deposits
$ -
$ 660,108.14
4.53
9,950.28
1,500,803.07
10.31
4,400.00
322,051.06
2.21
—
1,884,109.29
12.93 -
—
433,025.94
2.97
7,650.00 (Cr.)
1,823,328.28
12.52
6,200.00
1,132,404.82
7.77
11,100.00
58,520.27
.41
1,900.00 (Cr.)
782,731.64
5.37
17,000.00 (Cr.)
286,753.40
1.97
2,400.00 (Cr.)
785,443.00
5.39
2,867.06 (Cr.)
1,741,517.35
11.%
50.00
941,084.57
6.46
24,550.00
833,866.86
5.72
5,200.00
388,439.70
2.67
2,532.35
487,856.13
3.35
6,892.16
221,505.87
1.52
—
239,262.48
1.64
100.00 (Cr.)
43,657.72
.30
$38;957.73
$14,566,469.59
100.00%
Statement 3
FISH AND WILDLIFE REVENUE
ANALYSIS OF CASH RECEIPTS
For Year Ended March 31st, 1967
FISHERIES
LICENCES
Angling $2,971,133.09
Commercial Fishing 108,092.15
Smelt 26,059.70
Domestic 1,130.00
Sale of Certain Fish 830.00
$3,107,244.94
ROYALTY
Commercial Fishing 723.93 $3,107,968.87
WILDLIFE
LICENCES
Non-Resident Hunting $1,859,144.00
Bear 4,066.25
Deer 546,666.87
Moose 436,508.35
Ground Hog 39,442.98
Gun 331,255.96
Dog 25,934.08
Trappers 31,641.00
Fur Dealers 2,950.00
Fur Farmers 4,694.35
Pheasant 4,530.00
Tanners 300.00
Provincial Parks Hunting 27,764.15
$3,314,897.99
statement 3
FISH AND WILDLIFE REVENUE
ANALYSIS OF CASH RECEIPTS
For Year Ended March 31st, 1967 (Continued)
ROYALTY
Game
223,867.40
3,538,765.39
GENERAL
LICENCES AND PERMITS
Guides
$ 1.350.00
Wild Rice
7.00
Hunt Camp
1,680.00
Fines
60,658.18
Sales — Confiscated Articles
26,264.38
Miscellaneous
5,006.80
94,966.36
$6,741,700.62
Statement No. 4
TOTAL EXPENDITURES ALLOCATED TO MAIN SERVICES RENDERED
For Year Ended March 31st, 1967
Fish and Forest
Total Wildlife Protection Lands Parks
ORDINARY EXPENDITURE
Main Office $ 2,310,044.88 $ 434,991.04 $ 409,476.97 $ 132,398.58 $ 431,158.24
Fish and Wildlife Branch 671,450.65 671,450.65 _ _ _
Forest Protection Branch 232,195.31 — 232,195.31 — —
Lands and Surveys Branch 1,243,653.24 — — 185,422.43 —
Parks Branch 204,759.55 _ _ _ 204,759.55
Timber Branch 1,066,696.42 _ _ _ _
Research Branch 957,089.16 _ _ _ _
Forest Ranger School 263,457.81 70,079.78 21,050.28 — —
Junior Ranger Program 957,616.38 5,254.27 279,854.13 18,788.75 375,963.33
Basic Organization (before deduction of
Federal contributions of $1,383,405.82) 28,950,681.40 4,043,874.59 7,915,320.79 837,846.76 2,801,249.99
Extra Fire Fighting (Wages and Equipment) 833,071.03 — _ 833,071.03
$37,690,715.83 $5,225,650.33 $9,690,968.51 $1,174,456.52 $3,813,131.11
DISTRIBUTION OF GENERAL EXPENDITURE AND ADMINISTRATION COSTS OVER MAIN SERVICES
Field Administration (Pro Rated) — $ 425,494.71 $ 692,720.04 $ 149,606.21 $ 704,715.20
— Percentage — 12.77% 20.79% 4.49% 21.15%
Research (as per analysis) — 1,095,604.54 77,401.08 152,348.21 10,568.96
Surveys (Pro Rated) — 12,740.25 — 1,172.103.06 63,701.25
— Percentage — 1% — _92% 5%
$37,690,715.83 $6,759,489^83 $10,461,089.63 $2,648,514.00 $4,592,116.52
LESS: FEDERAL CONTRIBUTIONS APPLIED AS CREDITS
Forestry Agreement
— Forest Inventory (as per costs) $ 200,000.00 $ 40,000.00 $ 50,000.00 $ 30,000.00 —
— Planting 500.000.00 _ _ _ _
— Fire Fighting Equipment 475,017.99 — 475,017.99 — —
Resources Development Agreement 90,467.18 90,467.18 — — —
Technical and VocationalTraining Agreement . 117,920.65 35,793.98 10,752.17 — --_
TOTAL ORDINARY EXPENDITURE $36,307,310.01 $6,593,228.67 $9,925,319.47 $2,618,514.00 $4,592,116.52
CAPITAL DISBURSEMENTS
Construction of Access Roads — S.R. $ 53.031.57 $ — $ — $ 53,031.57 —
Construction of Logging Roads
(after deduction of Federal contribution
of $105,166.21) 242,830.30 _ _ _ —
(Recovered — see receipts)
Construction of Forest Access Roads
(after deduction of Federal contribution
of $369,833.80) 505.863.53 — — — —
Land Acquisition and Development 5,103,862.87 30,827.13 5,328.55 497.112.88 4.319,267.32
TOTAL DISBURSEMENTS $42,212,898.28 $6,624,055.80 $9,930,648.02 $3,168,658.45 $8,911,383.84
Percentage of Total — 15.69% 23.52% 7.51% 21.11%
'Deductions
Timber
Research
Survevs
Administration
$ 619,944.33 $ 143,463.62 $ 61,151.61 $ 77,460.49
1,066,696.42
139,738.02
274,938.00
957,089.16
1,058,230.81
32,589.73
9,480,291.19 603,294.37
— 2,817.90
17,095.33 3,251,708.38
$11,581,607.96 $1,703,847.15 $1,169,067.48 $3,331,986.77
$ 1,008,259.21 $ 246,233.82 $ 104,957.58 *$3,331,986.77
30.26% 7.39% 3.15% —
614,158.18 1,950,080.97 — —
25,480.50 — *1,274,025.06 —
2% _ _ _
$13,229,505.85
80,000.00
500,000.00
71,374.50
$12,578,131.35 $ —
242,830.30
505,863.53
251,326.99
$13,578,152.17
32.17%
- $
Statement 5
GRANTS TO MUNICIPALITIES
AND CONSERVATION AUTHORITIES
UNDER THE FORESTRY ACT R.S.O. 1960
(TO AID IN ACQUISITION OF FOREST AREAS)
For Year Ended March 31st, 1967
MUNICIPALITIES:
COUNTIES
Halton $10,127.55
Lanark 1,540.35
Leeds and Grenville 4,151.52
Middlesex 4,358.35
Northumberland and Durham 9,022.73
Ontario 11,281.83
Prescott and Russell 1,519.81
Renfrew 8,455.29
Simcoe 22,029.79 $ 72,487.22
CONSERVATION AUTHORITIES:
Ausable River $ 1,001.65
Big Creek Region 6,217.90
Ganaraska Region 8,587.00
Moira River 5,544.53
Napanee Region 2,146.12
North Grey Region 10,995.71
Otonabee Region 854.77
Otter Creek 1,339.38
Sauble Valley 668.01
Saugeen Valley 10,698.06
South Nation River 414.37 48,467.50
$120,954.72
Less — Federal Contribution
ARDA Agreement 40,645.26
% 80,309.46
TIMBER BRANCH
OBJECTIVES
1. To provide through sound forest management practices
the highest possible yields of the Crown forests consist-
ent with the economic requirements of forest industry
and the general welfare of the citizens of Ontario.
2. To encourage the expansion of forest industry to fully
utilize the productive capacity of the forest.
3. To encourage sound forest management on privately
owned woodlands.
ORGANIZATION
Timber Branch is divided into three Sections and their sub-
ordinate units with duties and responsibilities as follows.
REFORESTATION
Tree Production and Distribution: Production and treatment
of genetically superior tree seed; establishment of seed
production areas; and production and distribution of quality
planting stock.
Agreement Forest Administration: Administration of man-
agement agreements and assistance and advice to munici-
palities.
Private Land Forestry: Forestry service for landowners.
SILVICULTURE
Forest Resources Inventory: Continuing program of aerial
rephotography; field sampling; photo interpretation and map
revision; compilation of inventory reports and maps for
Crown Management Units; checking of Company Manage-
ment Units inventory data; determination of productive
areas on timber licences; preparation of contour plans; and
Air Photo Library and map photo service.
Silvicultural Operations: Direction of the regeneration and
stand improvement programs on Crown lands and on lands
acquired for management under agreement.
TIMBER
Forest Management Planning: Supervision of management
plans prepared by Department staff; preparation of planning
manuals and volume tables; calculation of allowable cuts;
and the construction of access roads on Crown lands.
Scaling: Measurement of timber cut; development of new
methods of measurement; and licensing and registration of
scalers.
Marketing and Forest Economics: Encouragement of indus-
trial expansion; assistance to firms in plant location studies;
analysis of economic implications of choices of aQtion; mill
licensing; publication of a directory and primary wood-using
industries and of regional studies of* timber availability;
compilation of forestry statistics.
Sale of Timber: Issuance of timber licences; preparation of
final returns for collection of stumpage charges; and com-
pilation of cut statistics.
REFORESTATION SECTION
Tree Production and Distribution
TREE PRODUCTION
In the current fiscal year, sufficient seed was sown at the
10 forest tree nurseries for the production of 62,933,000 units
of planting stock.
Table 1
NURSERY STOCK PRODUCTION TARGET BY NURSERIES
District Nursery Production Target
Kemptville Kemptville 10,920,000
Kenora Dryden 3,934,000
Lake Erie St. Williams 4,966,000
Lake Simcoe Midhurst 10,177,000
Lindsay Orono 7,425,000
Port Arthur Fort William 10,721,000
Swastika Swastika 9,710,000
Chapleau Chapleau 2,000,000
Gogama Gogama 1,100,000
SaultSte. Marie Thessalon 1,980,000
Total 62,933,000^
Table 2
NURSERY STOCK PRODUCTION TARGET BY SPECIES
Species Number of Trees
White" Pine 8,621,000^
Red Pine 10,656,000
Jack Pine 8,959,000
Scotch Pine 2,570,000
White Spruce 19,582,000
Black Spruce 9,191,000
Other Species 3,354,000
Total 62,933,000~
NURSERY STOCK CONTROL
The control and distribution of nursery stock involves the
recording and maintenance of inventories at nurseries oper-
ated by the Department and available for disposition as
provided in Section 7 of The Forestry Act and for use of
Ontario. Over 6,000 applications and requisitions were pro-
cessed resulting in the issue of over 5,000 orders to nurseries
and the disposition of 51,712,461 trees during the year, an
increase of 5.2 per cent over l%5-66.
Table 3
SUMMARY OF DISTRIBUTION OF NURSERY STOCK
FOR PERIOD APRIL 1, 1966 TO MARCH 31, 1967
Purpose Trees
Furnished in respect of private lands 9,542,325
Furnished for educational or scientific purposes 130,894
Furnished for use of Ontario 41,839,242
Miscellany 200,000
"Total 5U12^1
Planted on Use of
Species Private Land Ontario E&S Misc.
White Pine . 1,079,100 7^73^425 ^^^ ^^
Red Pine 2,628,500 3,881,756 — —
Jack Pine 548,050 9,402,410 — 200,000
Scotch Pine 1,465,425 16,430 — —
White Spruce 2,099,725 16,312,454 — —
Black Spruce 169,175 4,485,134 — —
Norway Spruce 309,300 33,349 — —
Red Spruce 200 240,950 — —
White Cedar 458,425 45,020 — —
European Larch 99,175 2,439 — —
Tamarack 30,950 36,700 — —
White Ash 91,060 26,018 — —
Silver Maple 162,785 30,356 — —
Red Oak 83,850 572 — —
Carolina Poplar 234,050 34,971 — —
Black Locust 64,050 2,050 — —
Others 18,505 115,208 — —
' Total 9,542,325 41,83972T2~ 130,894 200,000
Table 4
NURSERY STOCK DISPOSITIONS
APRIL 1, 1957 TO MARCH 31, 1967
Year Trees
1957-58 25,854,262
1958-59 33,414,110
1959-60 41,682,125
1960-61 49,833,412
1961-62 43,194,863
1962-63 43,767,916
1963-64 43,922,685
1964-65 49,484,068
1965-66 49,019,854
1966-67 51,712,461
Table 5
TREES FURNISHED IN RESPECT OF PRIVATE LAND
APRIL 1, 1966 TO MARCH 31, 1967
County or Tree
Territorial District Orders Trees
Algoma 104 168,025
Brant 104 182,050
Bruce 101 85,925
Carleton 113 170,825
Cochrane 4 3,000
Dufferin Ill 242,950
Dundas 44 51,300
Durham 134 368,450
Elgin 74 79,450
Essex 54 48,625
Frontenac 127 155,500
Glengarry 48 58,950
Grenviile 82 176,350
Grey 143 251,825
Haldimand 36 36,225
Haliburton 40 64,000
Halton 105 186,600
Hastings 94 196,500
Huron 56 114,950
Kenora 25 98,700
Kent 48 40,425
Lambton 66 74,650
Lanark 105 150,925
Leeds 75 102,475
Lennox & Addington 52 52,925
Lincoln 38 30,150
101,600
245,350
138,300
125,800
169,525
114,550
341,850
289,550
302,350
461,425
14,750
184,800
366,700
25,900
166,350
318,225
92,650
665,375
39,700
156,475
521,150
9,350
47,375
191,350
214,250
256,175
207,175
582,525
"9^542,325
Manitoulin 8
Middlesex 151
Muskoka 94
Nipissing 41
Norfolk 153
Northumberland 91
Ontario 172
Oxford 97
Parry Sound 92
Peel 161
Perth 34
Peterboro 70
Prescott 30
Prince Edward 41
Rainy River 25
Renfrew 124
Russell 28
Simcoe 250
Stormont 21
Sudbury 48
Thunder Bay 106
Timiskaming 10
Victoria 59
Waterloo 81
Welland 111
Wellington 129
Wenbworth 145
York 313
Total 4^668
Table 6
TREES FURNISHED IN THE PERIOD
APRIL 1, 1966 TO MARCH 31, 1967
For
For Private Land Use of Ontario*
District Trees Trees
Chapleau — 3,687,495
Cochrane 3,000 2,458,600
Fort Frances 166,350 901,700
Geraldton — 3,795,060
Gogama — 3,672,225
Kapuskasing — 3,368,785
Kemptville 1,195,900 1,756,756
Kenora 98,700 1,318,325
Lake Erie 938,650 432,073
Lake Huron 1,780,350 928,010
Lake Simcoe 2,308,100 444,762
Lindsay 779,175 1,130,182
North Bay 2,000 1,619,570
Parry Sound 440,650 803,864
Pembroke 444,025 1,305,940
Port Arthur 521,150 2,444,282
Sault Ste. Marie 168,025 3,562,625
Sioux Lookout — 741,850
Sudbury 258,075 2,627,415
Swastika 7,350 3,073,116
Tweed 430,825 1,377,775
White River — 304,000
Unclassified — 84,832
Total 9,542,325 41,839,242
'Includes nursery stock furnished to Department of Highways,
for laboratory tests, etc.
Table 8
ESTABLISHED SEED PRODUCTION AREAS AND
SEED ORCHARDS AS OF MARCH 31, 1967
Number
Acres
NURSERY SOIL MANAGEMENT
The objective is to maintain the balance of main nutrients
in the soil for production of top quality seedlings for plant-
ing in Ontario. For this purpose, 398 soil samples and 378
plant samples, consisting of approximately 15,000 seedlings,
were analyzed for a chemical composition of soil and plant.
The analysis data are used for an evaluation of soil and
plant condition as well as in the preparation of soil amend-
ments for production of high quality stock.
Various herbicides and soil fumigants are being tested and
successfully used in reduction of disease, control of weeds,
increase of seed germination and seedling growth.
Studies are carried out in optimum fertilizer levels, the
relationship of fertilizer and stock density to growth and
the use of irrigation water.
Nursery diseases, seedling nutrition and nursery soil fer-
tility studies are undertaken on a co-operative basis with
the Department of Forestry and Rural Development.
SEED COLLECTION
The inventory of forest tree seed in storage at the Ontario
Tree Seed Plant at Angus, as of June 1, 1966, was about
1,693,000,000 viable seeds of 46 species, weighing 339,765
ounces or more than 10.5 tons and valued at approximately
$240,000.00.
The 1966 crop year was a good one for the pines but a poor
one for the spruces.
Table 7
1966 SEED CROP YEAR — COLLECTED
Number
Species of Bushels
White Pine 5,006
Red Pine 3,930
Jack Pine 5,700
Scotch Pine 68
White Spruce 2
Black Spruce 296
Other Species 1,246
Totar 16,248
TREE IMPROVEMENT
The tree improvement program, concerned with increasing
the quality and quantity of seed available, was continued
through the selection of additional "plus trees", the develop-
ment of seed production areas and the planting of grafted
trees in seed orchards. During the year, 8,140 scions were
collected from "plus" trees for grafting at four co-operating
nurseries. In addition, 1,000 scions from white pine trees
showing resistance to blister rust were grafted. A total of
10.1 acres of seed production area were thinned, released
or otherwise improved for seed production purposes. Some
2,863 grafted trees for seed orchards were planted on 21.8
acres. Provenance tests in jack pine were established on
20 acres in six Districts in co-operation with the Department
of Forestry and Rural Development.
Seed Production Areas
Seed Orchards
21
12
224.8
64.3
Agreement Forest Administration
Section 2 of The Forestry Act authorizes the Minister to
enter into agreement with the owners of lands that are suit-
able for forestry purposes for the management of such
lands, and to make grants to any conservation authority or
to any municipality to encourage and assist it in the acqui-
sition of lands that are to be managed under such an
agreement.
A total of $120,954.72 in grants to assist with the acquisition
of lands was paid during the year. Canada contributed to
Ontario $40,645.26 of the foregoing amount under agreement
made between Canada and Ontario pursuant to their respec-
tive Agricultural Rehabilitation and Development Acts.
Table 9
AGREEMENTS UNDER SECTION 2 OF THE
FORESTRY ACT AS OF MARCH 31, 1967
NUMBER OF ACRES
Date of Added
AGREEMENT WITH Agreement during year Totals
Government of Canada
:
National Capital
Commission
Aug. 16, 1961
—
3,632.00
Conservation Authorities:
Ausable River
Dec. 13, 1951
50.00
4,299.00
Big Creek Region
Dec. 2, 1954
247.00
3,494.90
Catfish Creek
Dec. 19, 1962
—
501.00
Central Lake Ontario
Sept. 24, 1963
—
195.00
Crowe Valley
Aug. 21, 1963
—
200.00
Ganaraska Region
Jan. 31, 1947
300.00
8,448.60
Grand River
Mar. 18, 1952
—
5,766.37
Hamilton Region
Oct. 19, 1962
—
12.50
Lakehead Region
May 15, 1958
—
1,256.70
Lower Thames Valley
Aug. 12, 1964
—
300.00
Maitland Valley
Apr. 1, 1955
—
949.00
Metropolitan Toronto
and Region
Apr. 11, 1951
—
1,928.00
Moira River
Nov. 28, 1951
955.00
15,570.00
Napanee Valley
Oct. 28, 1954
521.00
6,666.00
Niagara Peninsula
June 6, 1963
—
186.00
North Grey Region
June 25, 1958
686,00
7,055.00
Otonabee Region
May 15, 1963
130.00
1,345.00
Otter Creek
Apr. 26, 1957
35.00
1,532.00
Sauble Valley
Sept. 29, 1959
60.00
2,758.00
Saugeen Valley
Dec. 15, 1952
514.00
12,472.00
South Nation River
Mar. 28, 1%0
68.00
1,098.50
Sydenham Valley
Julyl3, 1%5
_
150.00
Upper Thames River
Apr. 11, 1951
—
3,364.36
Counties:
Brant
Nov. 15, 1952
—
50.00
Bruce
Jan. 20, 1950
15,533.35
Carleton
July 30, 1964
—
680.00
Dufferin
Nov. 26, 1930
—
2,305.00
Grey
Dec. 21,1937
8,378.08
Halton
Mar. 14, 1950
200.00
1,498.63
Huron
Nov. 27, 1950
—
1,439.00
Table 9
AGREEMENTS UNDER SECTION 2 OF THE
FORESTRY ACT AS OF MARCH 31, 1967 (Continued)
NUMBER OF ACRES
Date of Added
AGREEMENT WITH Agreement during year Totals
Kent
Dec. 23, 1953
75.39
Lanark
Julys, 1940
200.00
3,635.00
Leeds and Grenville
Apr. 24, 1940
700.00
8,300.50
Lennox and Addington
Apr. 3, 1952
—
1,186.00
Middlesex
Mar. 8, 1954
146.00
1,335.50
Northumberland
and Durham
June 10, 1924
842.00
5,719.00
Ontario
July 9, 1930
582.00
3,321.00
Oxford
Sept. 1, 1950
—
716.56
Prescott and Russell
Mar. 15, 1937
324.00
23,892.03
Renfrew
Dec. 26, 1951
1,380.00
8,458.00
Simcoe
June 19, 1925
781.00
20,293.74
Stormont, Dundas
and Glengarry
Sept. 20, 1949
—
2,048.45
Victoria
Aug. 10, 1928
—
8,319.00
Waterloo
Apr. 17, 1950
710.48
Wellington
June 18, 1964
—
1,100.00
Wentworth
Nov. 27, 1952
—
889.30
York
Mar. 27, 1924
—
4,130.70
Townships:
Bonfieid
Apr. 1, 1952
60.00
Charlottenburgh
Apr. 1, 1955
175.00
Cramahe
Jan. 4, 1964
162.00
Cumberland
May 29, 1952
—
808.44
Darlington
Aug. 19, 1964
—
140.00
Galway and Cavendish
Nov. 1, 1952
—
619.00
Machar
Dec. 30, 1963
90.00
Marlborough
Nov. 21, 1953
200.00
Mosa
July 16, 1964
144.00
Torbolton
Mar. 28, 1953
430.80
Williamsburg
Oct. 19, 1962
—
400.00
Summary:
1 Government of Ca
nada
—
3,632jOO
23 Conservation Authorities
3,566.00
79,547.93
24 Counties
5,155.00
124,014.71
11 Townships
—
3,229.24
59 Totals
~8,721^
210,423.88
TREES CONSERVATION
Under authority of The Trees Act, and with the approval of
the Minister of Lands and Forests, counties or municipali-
ties in territorial districts may pass by-laws to restrict and
regulate the destruction of trees by cutting, burning or other
means.
Such by-laws have been passed by the following to permit
the cutting of important species to certain diameter limits,
and indicates the concern felt by those municipalities for
the management of privately owned woodlands.
Counties:
Brant, Bruce, Dufferin, Elgin, Grey, Haldimand, Halton,
Hastings, Huron, Lambton, Leeds & Grenville, Lincoln,
Middlesex, Norfolk, Northumberland & Durham, Oxford,
Peel, Perth, Renfrew, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington,
Wentworth.
Township: Brunei.
Private Land Forestry
This Act authorizes the Minister to enter into forestry agree-
ments with private landowners to reforest idle land and to
rehabilitate existing woodlands. The field assistance service
under The Woodlands Improvement Act is provided free to
landowners who qualify under the Act.
Under Regulations OC-2854/66 of The Woodlands Improve-
ment Act 1966, 33 management areas were designated in
southern Ontario. Ten were scheduled to receive benefits
under the program effective January 1, 1967. Management
Areas designated included single counties or a combination
of one or more counties.
Management planning for the designated Management
Areas began immediately. Forestry work programs were pre-
pared for 164 new Woodlands Improvement Act agreements
in the Management Areas scheduled to receive the assist-
ance in 1967. In all districts, forestry advice and service
were provided to individual forest owners and organizations
to improve forestry on private lands.
Table 10
SUMMARY OF THE FORESTRY ADVISORY AND
ASSISTANCE SERVICES PROVIDED TO PRIVATE
LANDOWNERS AND ORGANIZATIONS — 1966-1967
A. Number of inquiries received
B. Number of field inspections made
(a) for reforestation purposes 1,208
(b) for woodland management
purposes 855
(c) for miscellaneous purposes
e.g. insects, shade trees,
Christmas tree culture 640
C. Number of Management programs pre-
pared for privately owned management
areas
(a) advisory service programs 373
(b) Woodlands Improvement Act
programs 181
D. Total acreage of private forest land for
which management programs were pre-
pared
(a) acreage contained in advisory
programs 18,273
(b) acreage under Woodlands
Improvement Act programs 8,868
E. Total acreage of forest land treated during
the year under The Woodlands Improve-
ment Act
(a) reforestation of idle land j 211
(b) woodlands improved , 39
F. Total volume of timber marked under the
advisory service program
(a) saw timber 4,749
(b) pulpwood 821
(c) other round timber 719,972
G. Number of forestry youth clubs serviced
9,000
2,703
544
27,141 acres
250 acres
MFBM
cords
cu. ft.
63
(a) 4-H Forestry clubs 27
(b) 4-H Conservation clubs 2
(c) other Clubs, etc. 34
H. Hours spent on forestry instruction
(a) University of Guelph 26
(b) Kemptville Agricultural School 45
(c) Western Ontario Agricultural
School 6
Additional Contributions to Private Land Forestry:
1. Leadership training of farm boys and girls, involving one
week of forestry instruction to approximately 60 selected
young people from all of Ontario.
2. Conducted tours at St. Williams, Orono, Midhurst and
Kemptville Forest Tree Nurseries and the Ontario Forest
Seed Plant at Angus. Approximately 6,500 school children
were given such toufs. Conducted field tours, field days
and meetings held by the districts totalled 245.
3. Co-operated in preparing and manning exhibits at the
Toronto C.N.E., the Ottawa C.C.E.A., the London Fair, the
Royal Winter Fair, and the International Ploughing
Match.
4. Continued the direction of Ontario's Centennial Tree
Planting Program with the school children. Participating
in the program were 41,806 students from 1,610 classes
representing 792 schools, who in total planted 404,825
trees on 380 separate projects.
5. Co-operated in producing the public relations film
"Forests for the Future", and an instructional film on
nursery practice entitled "Seeds to Trees".
6. Conducted mail survey of Christmas tree growers in
Ontario. Published report entitled: "Some aspects of the
Christmas Tree Industry in Ontario".
7. Co-operated with the Ontario Department of Agriculture
in Province-wide meetings culminating in the formation
of Regional groups and the Ontario Maple Syrup Pro-
ducers' Association.
SILVICULTURE SECTION
Forest Resources Inventory
During the year under review, air photography was com-
pleted on 22,412 square miles in northwestern Ontario and
2,830 square miles in southern Ontario.
Inventory field work was carried out on 7,683 square miles
in the Sault Ste. Marie, Fort Frances and Kenora Districts.
Forest stand maps and tabulated inventory data, such as
area classification, detailed stand description, volume and
area summaries by age-classes, were completed on 13,201
square miles.
The multiplex plotting machine was used to determine con-
tour and form lines on three Provincial Parks covering an
area of 11,470 acres.
The photo processing unit produced 115,809 contact prints.
2,518 mosaics, 2,573 enlargements. 419 diapositives, 710
copy negatives, and 1.395 cronaflex reproductions.
The following table shows the gross value of production
from the photo processing unit in recent years:
Table 11
Value of
Year
Cash Receipts
Department Work
Total
1961-62
$47,429.92
$19,967.59
$67,397.51
1962-63
47,154.13
21,792.09
68,946.22
1963-64
59,907.06
30,350.22
90,257.28
1964-65
69,386.13
19,802.26
89.188.39
1965-66
50,755.68
24,592.23
75,347.91
1966-67
56,754.20
31,296.58
88,050.78
Silvicultural Operations
Table 12
SUMMARY OF SILVICULTURAL OPERATIONS ON
CROWN LANDS AND AGREEMENT FORESTS FOR
FORESTRY PURPOSES IN 1966-1967
Regeneration Program
Planted:
Nursery Trees 55,010 acres
Tubed Seedlings 16,909 acres
Direct-Seeded 8,923 acres
Natural Regeneration Treatments 20,296 acres
Sub-Total 101,138 acres
Tending Program
Various Treatments 51,954 acres
Total 153,092 acres
ARTIFICIAL REGENERATION
The following table gives the number of trees planted by
species:
Table 13
AGREEMENT
CROWN FORESTS
Nursery Tubed Nursery
Trees Seedlings Trees
White pine 5,934,675 199X35 967/150"
Pinus strobus L.
Red pine 2,813,225 4,938,702 861,150
Pinus resinosa Ait.
Jack pine 9,400,105 2,040,258 316,500
Pinus banksiana Lamb.
White spruce 16,569,810 5,007,403 776,025
Picea glauca
(Moench) Voss
Black spruce 5,193,157 4,770,878 —
Picea mariana
(Mill) B.S.P.
Other species 251,078 — 194,225
Totals 40,16^,050 16,956^76 3,115,350 "
The planting program, divided into the two major categories
— Crown Lands and Agreement Forests — is shown below:
Table 14
Crown Lands
Nursery Tubed
Trees Acres Seedlings Acres
1. Unalienated 18^04^833 22,745 4,324,094 3,67l
2. Licenced 22,113,217 28,265 12,632,282 13,238
T^otals^ " 40,162,050 ^oTo 16,956^376 16^09
Agreement Forests 3,115,350 4,000 — —
Table 15
TREES PLANTED BY DISTRICTS
District Nursery Trees Tubed Seedlings
Chapleau 3^2T,'800 98^0~
Cochrane 2,456,875 741,500
Fort Frances 1,087,350 425,150
Geraldton 4,737,125 1,375,414
Gogama 3,696,225 1,240,800
Kapuskasing 4,674,117 1,754,800
Kemptville 252,450 10,400
Kenora 1,298,100 712,900
Lake Erie 354,300 —
Lake Huron 16,760 —
Lake Simcoe 40,325 —
Lindsay 899,100 —
North Bay 1,614,000 984,500
Parry Sound 754,731 906,134
Pembroke 1.097,000 559,200
Port Arthur 2,246,500 1,329,245
Sault Ste. Marie 3,150,750 484,235
Sioux Lookout 738,300 643,975
Sudbury 2,611,780 1,797,422
Swastika 3,371,850 1,421,200
Tweed 1,138,612 69,800
White River 304,000 1,519,301
~Totals 40,162^050 16,956,376~
Table 16
TREES PLANTED ON AGREEMENT FORESTS
Government of Canada
National Capital Commission
Conservation Authorities
Ausable
Big Creek
Ganaraska 28,000
Grand 60,300
Lower Thames 7,025
Maitland 13,000
Metro Region 22,200
Moira 60,100
North Grey Region 57,525
Otter Creek 28,000
Ottonabee 30,000
Sauble 36,900
Saugeen 70,250
South Nation 421,225
Upper Thames 72,450
Counties
Bruce 67,000
Dufferin 3,000
Grey 99,450
Halton 35,100
Huron 5,800
Lanark 78,000
Leeds and Grenville 537,700
Middlesex 7,825
Northumberland 18,000
Oxford 3,050
Ontario 29,250
Prescott and Russell 228,450
Renfrew 388,400
219,550 219,550
168,925
11,000
1,086,900
Simcoe
Stormont -
Waterloo
Wellington
Wentworth
York
Townships
Mosa
Crame
Dundas - Glengarry
241,675
14,000
26,200
5,000
6,500
5,000
5,000
4,500
1,799,400
9,500
Total — Agreement Forests 3,115,350
Table 17
DIRECT SEEDING
District
Aerial
(Acres)
Ground
(Acres)
Total
(Acres)
Kenora 1,380
Sioux Lookout 160
Port Arthur —
Geraldton —
Chapleau 1,589
Gogama —
Sudbury 800
Swastika 1,598
North Bay 75
White River 415
55
50
440
116
1,080
1,165
1,380
215
50
440
1,705
1,080
800
1,598
1,240
415
Totals 6,017
2,906
HUDSON BA Y
MAP OF
THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO
SHOWING
AREAS ON WHICH
FOREST INVENTORY
HAS BEEN COMPLETED
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STAND IMPROVEMENT
Stand improvement encompasses both the treating of forest
stands to achieve maximum quality and quantity, and
special harvesting techniques to aid natural regeneration.
During the fiscal year 1966-1967, 102.658 acres of Crown
lands and 5,976 acres of Agreement Forests received treat-
ment to improve the quality and quantity of the final crop.
SPECIAL PROJECTS
Prison Camps: About 17,000 man-days of labour were pro-
vided to this Department by the inmates of the forestry
camps operated by the Department of Reform Institutions.
The total area covered in this program was 1,300 acres.
Beaver Creek Correctional Camp, near Gravenhurst, oper-
ated by the Collins Bay Penitentiary, also supplied about
900 man-days of inmate labour.
Junior Rangers: Timber work, includmg tree planting, stand
improvement, cone collection and nursery work, occupied
15,000 man-days. The total area covered in this program was
5,400 acres.
TIMBER SECTION
Forest Management Planning
The development of forest areas is based on management
plans that provide detailed information about the volume of
annual cut, cutting methods, regeneration treatments, road
and camp locations, and other facts essential to orderly
management. The plans are based on such considerations
as the arrangement of species and age-classes on produc-
tive forest lands, the proximity to existing road networks,
division of the forest into compartments, and the age of
maturity of the main groups of species.
Standard management plans are based on inventory data
gathered using photo interpretation, point sampling, and
computer compilation methods. The information is entered
in stand ledgers, which also serve as a record of changes.
Standard plans have been prepared following the re-
inventory of Crown management units started in 1958. The
essentials of this type of planning are contained in the
Manual of Management Plan Requirements.
The initial management plans, based on the inventory
method used prior to 1958, are retained until replaced with
standard plans, and form the basis for the management of
a large proportion of the Crown management units in the
Province.
Management plans form a framework into which 10-year
operating plans are fitted. An operating plan shows in detail
the stands to be cut, regenerated, and tended, the roads to
be built, and other improvements to be made to carry out
operations on the management units.
The status of management plans is as follows:
5,001.5 sq. mi.
13,463.2 sq. mi.
67,043.5 sq. mi.
5,001.8 sq. mi.
155.0 sq. mi.
64,199.5 sq. mi.
4,530.9 sq. mi.
25,730.7 sq. mi,
4,881.8 sq. mi.
Table 19
1. Crown Management Units: The plans for these units are
prepared by Department staff. There are 78 Crown man-
agement units covering 90,665.0 square miles with 70
management plans:
9 standard management plans in force
13 plans being processed for approval
48 initial management plans in force
7 management units not under plans
1 unit operating under approved
operating plan
2. Company Management Units: The management plans for
Company management units are prepared by licensees.
There are 66 Company units with 99,342.9 square miles
under licence to 45 companies. The status of management
planning for these units is as follows:
43 approved management plans
9 plans being processed for approval
12 plans not yet due
2 units inactive
The explanation for the 12 plans not yet due is that be-
cause of changes in area, etc., 12 licensees have been
required to prepare new management plans.
3. Agreement Forest Units: The management plans for these
units are prepared by Department staff. There are 60
units covering approximately 329 square miles. The status
of management planning for the Agreement Forest units
is as follows:
6 approved standard plans 46,336 acres
20 being processed for approval 58,%2 acres
16 plans in the process of preparation 49,696 acres
18 interim or annual plans in force and
land acquired since inventory 55,430 acres
Total — 329 square miles, or 210,424 acres
Scaling
In an effort to adjust the Department's scaling methods to
the fast changing techniques of cutting and moving wood
from stump to mill, extensive trials were conducted with
the new concepts of wood measurement, designed to speed
up and simplify scaling operations while retaining control
over movement of wood.
The most promising wood measuring methods in this
respect to date are; tree length scaling, weight scaling, and
sample scaling. In addition, some preliminary work was
done in connection with the development of a simple log
grading technique for hardwoods and pine, where an
estimate of quality for timber cut and scaled is of a particu-
lar value to all concerned.
The need for speeding up scaling and, returning of scaled
wood has been recognized by the Department for some
time. This has become more apparent in view of rapidly
changing bush operations, resulting in much faster move-
ment of wood. In recognition of these changes and in an
effort to improve efficiency of scaling, an operational trial
was conducted in one District with the adaptation of scaling
to the computer programming systems. Since the results
from this full scale operation were quite satisfactory, further
trials, on a larger scale, will be conducted next fiscal year.
Scaling examinations were held during the past year at the
following locations on the dates noted: Ontario Forest Tech-
nical School, Dorset, April 7, 1966; Huntsville, May 20, 1966;
and Sault Ste. Marie, Sept. 23, 1966.
A total of 253 licences were issued, a lower figure than
previous years due to the fact that a 1965 change in regu-
lations provided for renewal on a three-year basis.
Marketing and Forest Economics
Ontario's forest industries occupy an extremely important
position in relation to the total economy of the Province.
According to 1964 D.B.S. information, this industry group
accounts directly for 66,000 jobs, pays $317 million in sal-
aries and wages, ships goods worth nearly $1.3 billion and
has a value added in manufacturing of more than $621
million. This represents 9.2% of the total number of em-
ployees in the Province, 8.7% of the total salaries and
wages paid, 8.1% of the value of all goods shipped, and
8.3% of the total value added bv manufacture. It also repre-
sents a contribution of about $120 to the Gross Provincial
Product for each 100 cubic feet of wood used.
Forest industry expansions which have already taken place
put Ontario in a good position to take advantage of the
expected increases in world demand for forest products in
the early 1970's. However, softness in the world pulp markets
due to excess capacity and cut-backs in house construction
i resulted in no appreciable gains for 1966.
Large scale forest industry development projects usually
require two or three years lead time and, in spite of short
term market difficulties, there has been considerable
interest in new pulp industries and further expansions of
existing facilities in Ontario.
Licencing of Mills: The number of mills licenced under the
Crown Timber Act in 1966 totalled 944 as compared to 964
in the previous year. Sawmills continued their long term
downward trend, with the greatest change occurring in mills
of low capacity.
Table 20
Sawmills:
Daily lumber capacity over 50 M f.b.m. 25
Daily lumber capacity 10 to 50 M f.b.m. 113
Daily lumber capacity under 10 M f.b.m. 655
Miscellaneous sawn products 97
Veneer Mills 28
Pulp Mills 26
Sale of Timber
The volume and value of wood cut from Crown lands during
1965-1966 was almost identical with the year previous. How-
ever, there was an increase in the consumption of wood
chips produced as a by-product of sawmilling operations of
44,617 cords. This brings the cord equivalent of chips pro-
duced by sawmills to more than 438,000 cords in 1966, or
enough wood to supply the full requirements of a large
sized pulp mill. Pulpwood and boltwood purchased from
patented lands was down by nearly 150,000 cords during
1966.
Table 21
SUMMARY OF VOLUME AND VALUE OF WOOD CUT
FROM CROWN LANDS, BY SPECIES, 1965-1966
Volume Stumpage Value
Species (Cu. Ft.) $
SO FTWOODS
Balsam 10,044,176.08 $ 215,312.88
Cedar 170,285.11 6,254.95
Hemlock 2,694,189.96 73,888.44
Pine, jack 99,390,204.80 2,681,100.69
Pine, red 6,767,486.71 409,768.95
Pine, white 24,702,465.85 1,341,957.44
Spruce 197,935,135.72 7,382,677.14
Tamarack 73,490.37 1,437.96
Christmas Trees 19,730.00 2,030.50
Fuelwood 398,610.90 2,927.50
Tota I 342,195,775.50 $12,117^5645
HARDWOODS
Ash 143,425.86 3,468.84
Basswood 464,952.52 27,603.12
Beech 479,719.88 9,094.08
Birch, white 3,203,371.13 50,532.41
Birch, yellow 8,284,385.20 652,689.36
Butternut 1,177.20 55.63
Cherry 25,293.16 984.01
Elm 383,859.03 10,311.30
Maple 8,322,577.66 323,670.67
Oak 386,549.49 16,242.57
Poplar 21,205,280.52 198,034.68
Fuelwood 744,367.95 6,275.01
Total 43,644,959^0 1^298,961.68
Gra"nd Total 385^0735^10^ $T3>l6,3i8J3
NOTE: The value of export levy ($29,378.57) is not included
in above.
Table 22
CROWN TIMBER SALES. 1966-1967
New Licences issued under
section 2 C.T.A.
New Licences issued under
section 3 C.T.A.
New Licences issued under
section 5 C.T.A.
68.4 square miles
7,088.1 square miles
nil square miles
Total
7,156.5 square miles
Abandonments: In the fiscal year 1966-67, licensed areas in
the amount of 3,710.8 square miles were abandoned.
Table 23
SUMMARY OF AREA UNDER CROWN TIMBER LICENCE
AS OF MARCH 31, 1967
AREA IN SQUARE MILES
Licences Licences Licences
under under under
Section 2 Section 3 Section 5
Year C.T.A. C.T.A. • C.T.A. Total Area
1962-63
1963-64
1964-65
1965-66
1966-67
3,102.1
2,556.9
2,565.0
2,466.7
2,006.5
97,830.8
99,679.5
103,347.5
100,362.8
104,269.9
152.4
18.2
4.9
1.2
nil
101,085.3
102,254.6
105,917.4
102,830.7
106,276.4
FORESTRY STUDY UNIT
Under its Director, J. A. Brodie. the Forestry Study Unit,
established September 1. 1964, continued its investigation
of forestry problems in Ontario. Mr. Brodie has been asso-
ciated with the Department of Lands and Forests since 1923
and was Chief of the Timber Branch from 1956 to 1964. The
hearings have been completed and the report is being
written.
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DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS
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HIGHUC3HTS 1967
riiis annual digest of departmental activities has made
HIGHLIGHTS a popular reference which graphically depicts
the work of the Department's 10 branches for the fiscal year
ended March 31st.
The purpose of HIGHLIGHTS is to give a brief but clear
description of the major activities of each branch. It is not
meant to replace the more detailed Annual Report which
may be readily obtained from my Department if required.
HON. RENE BRUNELLE,
Minister,
Lands and Forests.
wamm
COIMTEMTS
Page
OPERATIONS BRANCH 4
PARKS BRANCH 5
LAW BRANCH 6
ACCOUNTS BRANCH 7
RESEARCH BRANCH 9
TIMBER BRANCH 11
LANDS AND SURVEYS BRANCH 14
FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH 15
FOREST PROTECTION BRANCH 18
PERSONNEL BRANCH 20
DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS
Minister
HON. RENE BRUNELLE
Deputy Minister
G. H. U. BAYLY
OPERATIONS BRANCH
The objectives of the Operations Branch are to promote
public understanding of Department activities and purposes;
to encourage good safety practices in forest work and recre-
ational activities; and to effect efficiency in purchasing and
other services for the Department. The branch is divided
into six sections — Office Management, Purchasing, Central
Supply Warehouse, Conservation Information, Conservation
Education and Accident Control.
The following is a brief summary of Operations Branch
activity during the past fiscal year.
OFFICE MANAGEMENT
Inventory of major equipment belonging to the Department
was conducted. Departmental circulars and bulletins were
processed and distributed. Communication with the federal
Department of Transport for licensing Department boats was
maintained. Records of Crown lands were kept.
PURCHASING
Supplies were stored in quantities based on consumption
rates and shipped upon requisition. Requirements of all 10
Branches were either supplied from warehouse stock or
purchased directly.
CENTRAL SUPPLY WAREHOUSE
Supplies and equipment shipped by the Section amounted
to 244 tons. Supplies received totalled 348 tons. Forms,
reports, booklets, circulars and bulletins were produced,
collated and distributed.
Thirty types of hunting, angling, bait fish, roll net, dip net,
frog, guide, trapping, trap-line and dog licences were issued
to licence issuers and district offices. The number of
licences prepared and checked for mailing and express
totalled 1,756,000 and were forwarded on 15,233 invoices to
more than 3,000 issuers. 168,900 Provincial Park annual
vehicle permits, 378,000 daily permits, 304,900 campsite
permits and 290.500 fur seals were distributed.
CONSERVATION INFORMATION
The Section worked through many media to disseminate
information. A weekly news release, with a mailing list of
3,500, circulated Department news, regulations and informed
opinion. News of more than normal urgency was supplied
directly to news outlets by press releases. Articles and back-
ground material were prepared on request. Speech material
for Department personnel was also prepared.
The Photograph Library loaned 9,500 black-and-white orints
and 1,000 colour transparencies. The library now has 35,000
negatives and 4,700 colour transparencies.
During the year, 35,300 answers were returned by mail to
persons requesting information.
CONSERVATION EDUCATION
The Section's film library contains 233 titles. Approximately.,
1,350 films were loaned to field offices. I
A set of 15 one-minute television shorts entitled "Do you.
know?" were made available. Footage for a new nursery
film, "Seeds to Trees", was gathered.
Visual conservations appeals were featured in the Departs
ment's exhibits at shows and fairs. Major exhibits were^
mounted for the Canadian National Exhibition, Toronto;
Central Canada Exhibition, Ottawa; and the Royal Agricul-
tural Winter Fair, Toronto.
Illustrated lectures on all aspects of the Department's work
were given. Head office and field staff presented 2,576'
lectures to audiences totalling 209,502 during the year.
ACCIDENT CONTROL
THE LOGGERS' SAFETY ACT
During 1966, approximately 824 inspections of logging
operations were made. Accident Control officers attended
96 meetings having regard to the application of the Act.
HUNTER SAFETY TRAINING
In 1966, 19,342 students graduated compared to 17,577 in
1965, making a total of 121,953 graduates since the program
began in 1957. Several instructors' workshops were con-
ducted.
SAFETY IN PROVINCIAL PARKS
During the months July to September, the Department
sponsored a "Water Safety Demonstration" program spon-
sored by the Ontario Safety League. The demonstrations
were viewed by more than 150,000 persons.
WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION
Workmen's Compensation costs and the number of claims
submitted have increased for the fiscal year The total num-
ber of compensable claims was 588, an increase of 21 over
that for the previous fiscal year. Total cost of Department
claims was $171,315.47, an increase of $26,642.76. Average
cost per claim was $159.00, an increase of $41.00 per claim.
PARKS BRANCH
The main objective of the Parks Branch is to reserve areas
and establish Provincial Parks that will accommodate exist-
ing and anticipated demands of recreational and edu-
cational activities usually associated with the natural
environment. The Branch is divided into three sections —
Recreational Planning, Park Planning and Development, and
I Park Management.
I During the past fiscal year, 92 Provincial Parks were oper-
ated, including three new parks — Arrowhead, Ferris and
North Beach. Approximately 3Va million acres of Provincial
Park land was available for the enjoyment of the public. A
further 500,000 acres is designated as reserve for future
development as Provincial Parks.
The 1966 season was the most successful operating season
in the history of Provincial Parks in Ontario. Visitations in-
creased over the previous year by 10 per cent to an all-time
high of 9,791,671. Camper use increased by seven per cent,
providing some 2,653,035 camper days. A total of 994,787
campers were recorded by permit in 1966. Although park
fees remained unchanged, revenue increased some $215,000
to a total of $2,100,000 in 1966.
PARK DEVELOPMENT
Development appropriations were increased to $2,500,000,
resulting in an additional 1,000 campsites, 23 comfort
stations, 18 trailer dumping stations, eight major water and
sewerage systems, and expanded parking area and beach
development. This expansion took place in existing Pro-
vincial Parks and as part of initial development of four
parks to be opened in the 1967-1968 fiscal year period.
HUNTING IN PARKS
Public hunting was continued in a number of Provincial
Parks in southern Ontario — an area where such grounds
are limited and demand is high. Waterfowl hunting under
licence was permitted in Presqu'ile, Darlington, Holiday
Beach, Long Point and Rondeau. Put and take pheasant
hunting was very popular at Presqu'ile, Darlington and
Sibbald Point parks this year. Hunting is not permitted in
parks except those covered by regulations under The Game
and Fish Act.
REVENUE FROM PROVINCIAL PARKS
Vehicle permits $1,024,368
Campsite Permits 935,524
Concessions 104,278
Miscellaneous 37,933
Total
$2,102,103
M
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10
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8
7
6
5
4
3
2
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0
camperi shown on renewal campsi
permits werp nol included tn the
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1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
VltlTOIS CAMPUS
LA\A/ BRANCH
I i
The objective of the Law Branch is to provide legal counsel
and services for the Department, and to maintain services
of the Patents Office.
At the Session of the Legislature which convened on the
25th day of January, 1967, and prorogued on the 15th day of
June, 1967, amendments were made to five statutes admini-
stered by the Department.
The definition of "forestry purposes" in The Forestry Act
was amended to provide that the term includes the produc-
tion of wood and wood products, provision of proper environ-
mental conditions for wildlife, protection against floods and
erosion, recreation, and protection and production of water
supplies.
The Game and Fish Act, 1961-62, was amended to provide
for management agreements with owners of land respecting
hunting and fishing rights, habitat improvement work, pro-
tective measures, stocking programs, fencing and erection
of signs and other management practices. On registration
such agreements are binding upon subsequent owners.
The Public Lands Act was amended to provide for agree-
ments with owners of land respecting the erection, mainten-
ance, and operation thereon of a public work within the
meaning of The Public Works Act and to provide that, upon
registration, such agreements are binding upon subsequent
owners.
The Surveys Act was amended to authorize regulations
establishing, governing and regulating systems of co-
ordinate surveys.
The definition of "forestry purposes" in The Trees Act was
amended in the same manner as the definition in The
Forestry Act.
ACCOUNTS BF^AIMCH
The main objectives of the Accounts Branch are to provide
a complete financial management service to the Depart-
ment, and to maintain a system of property taxation in
unorganized areas of the Province.
During the year ended March 31, 1967, cash receipts of the
Department totalled $27,417,794.21. This represents an in-
crease of $1,081,439.41 over the previous year. Total cash
disbursements amounted to $42,212,898.28, representing an
excess of $14,795,104.07.
The increase in disbursements is accounted for by the
expanding program in land acquisition and development,
and the overall increase in operating costs.
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS
For Year Ended March 31st, 1967
RECEIPTS
MAIN OFFICE
Provincial Land Tax $1,772,837.83
Sale of Maps, Publications, etc 136,659.53 $ 1,909,497.36
FISH AND WILDLIFE BRANCH
Licences, Royalties and Sundry ■ 6,741,700.62
FOREST PROTECTION BRANCH
Forest Protection Section:
Recovery of Fire Fighting Costs and Miscellaneous $ 81,666.65
Air Service Section:
Flying Fees _ 31,878.03 113,544.68
LANDS AND SURVEYS BRANCH ~~~
Lands Section:
Land Sales (Capital) $ 732,281.38
Land Rentals: Leases and Licences of Occupation 346,762.17
Perquisites — Rentals 177,453.17
Miscellaneous 11,659.25
Park Rentals — Leases and Licences of Occupation:
Algonquin $ 14,235.87
Rondeau 14,391.33
Presqu'ile 2,775.00
Long Point 848.30
Sundry Parks 2,014.35 34,264.85
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS (Continued)
Summer Resort Roads — Recovery of Construction Costs (Capital)
Surveys Section:
Recovery of Survey Fees
PARKS BRANCH
Parks Concessions:
Rentals
Permits (All Parks)
Vefiicle
Campsite
Boat
Guide
Miscellaneous
TIMBER BRANCH
Timber Section:
Timber Dues, Bonus, etc.
Logging Roads — Recovery Construction Costs (Capital)
Reforestation Section:
Sale Nursery Stock
FOREST RANGER SCHOOL
Tuition Fees
GOVERNMENT OF CANADA
Ordinary:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement
Federal-Provincial Resources Development Agreement
Technical Vocational Training Agreement
Capital:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement
Agricultural Rehabilitation and Development Act
GROSS RECEIPTS
Deduct — Reimbursements of Expenditures:
Ordinary:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement (see Contra)
Resources Development Agreement (see Contra)
Technical Vocational Training Agreement (see Contra)
Capital:
Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement:
Logging Roads
Forest Access Roads
NET RECEIPTS
Excess of Disbursements over Receipts
17,013.81
150,750.00 1,470,184.63
$1,024,315.00
935,513.25
12,810.00
5,100.00
$ 105,670.39
J,977,738.25
20,087.01
2,103,495.65
$14,566,469.59
307,039.21
106,888.30 14,980,397.10
16,051.39
$1,180,039.95
95,230.48
118,040.47 $1,393,310.90
$ 475,000.01
73,017.70
105,166.21
369,833.80
548,017.71 1,941,328.61
$29,276,200.04
$1,175,017.99
90,467.18
117,920.65
475,000.01 1,858,405.83
$27,417,794.21
14,795,104.07
$42,212,898.28
RESEARCH BRAIMCH
The objective of the Research Branch is to provide manage-
iment with useful, tested information on fishery, forest and
iwildlife resources, and to develop management techniques.
'The Branch is divided into' four sections — Fisheries,
I Forestry, Wildlife and Mechanical.
The following is a brief review of Research Branch activity
during the past fiscal year.
FISHERIES
GREAT LAKES PROGRAM
Lake Ontario: In 1966, studies designed to understand
factors limiting the survival of juvenile whitefish were
initiated in the laboratory. Lake trout (in co-operation with
New York State), walleye and American eel projects were
continued. An attempt to establish kokanee — a land-locked
variety of sockeye salmon — as a new species for both com-
mercial and recreational fishery is being made.
Lake Erie: Smelt and yellow perch have become the princi-
pal species of importance to commercial fishermen in Lake
Erie. Most of the research was on reproduction, distribution
and food of these two species.
Lake Huron: The present emphasis of research in Lake
Huron is on whitefish, and the principal concern is the wide
variation in the year class success which causes fluctua-
tions of abundance from year to year.
GAME FISH
The Harkness Laboratory was operated again in 1966 and,
in addition to the continued analysis of long-accumulated
creel census data, projects included experimental plantings,
population dynamics, lake trout biology, and plankton feed-
ing versus fish feeding lake trout.
FORESTRY
SILVICULTURE
Northwestern Ontario: In 1966, the field program was domi-
nated by re-examination work on a large number of long-
term regeneration and stand development plots accordmg
to their five-year re-measurement schedule. Another import-
ant development was the establishment of a program of
research for black spruce — a species which had not re-
ceived sufficient research attention in the past.
Central Ontario: Since the start of work in this region in
1959, concentration has been on laboratory and field studies
of problems of tree nutrition, particularly in spruce species,
and studies of the productivity, ecology and racial variation
of red spruce.
South-Central Ontario: The forester in charge of research
work in the region was occupied almost exclusively in
furthering the large-scale planting operations of tubed seed-
lings by the Timber Branch. In the late spring and summer
of 1966, a number of tubed seedling production sites in the
districts were visited with oarticular reference to overcom-
ing problems which had arisen in germinating seed and in
growing seedlings.
Southwestern Ontario: Research in this region aims to
suggest good forest management practices on stands most
of which are in private ownership and have become derelict.
Particular attention was given in 1966 to the propagation and
cultural treatment of silver maple and eastern Cottonwood,
largely to replace the heavy mortality in elm from the Dutch
elm disease.
Southeastern Ontario: Research in this region has been
primarily concerned with the ecology of the tolerant hard-
wood association, especially the treatment of cutover stands
to improve quality. The principal projects are prescribed
burning and the silvics of basswood. The objective of the
prescribed burning project is to determine the effects of fire
in hardwood stands to improve regeneration.
REFORESTATION
Nursery and planting: The objective of this program is the
procurement of information, through research, for the
scientific advancement of the reforestation program of the
Department. The work was initiated in 1953, and the chief
areas of attention are nursery operations, handling of ship-
ping stock, planting methods, frost damage to plantations,
and fertilization.
TREE BREEDING
The aim of forest tree breeding is to supply seed and plant
materials that, from a genetic standpoint, are best suited
for the purposes of artificial forest regeneration. These
studies were initiated in 1946 and are comprised principally
of white pine and poplar projects.
01
SITE
The objective of the site research program is to determine
the productivity of land. Consequently, work has been
directed toward obtaining knowledge pertaining to the
relationships between soils, climates, and crops, and to
organize this information into a classification system adapt-
able to various types of management with the forest being
the major crop considered.
WILDLIFE
Wildlife research has been directed toward the furthering of
our knowledge of economically important birds and mam-
mals, and to suggest means by which these could be of
greater value to the trapper, hunter, naturalist, and the
general public. Research projects have been developed
around most of the major species of wildlife which provide
sustenance or sport in Ontario.
Close co-operation is maintained between Research person-
nel and the staff of the Fish and Wildlife Branch.
FURBEARERS
The management of populations of furbearing animals is
probably more complex than for other species of wildlife.
Essentially, there are two groups of factors influencing the
production of fur: socio-economic and biological. To date,
ifurbearer research has been chiefly concerned with biologi-
cal factors affecting fur production.
Research is continuing on the dynamics of beaver popula-
tions and the influence of various factors including trapping
pressure.
WILDLIFE DISEASES AND PARASITES
Research staff provided a diagnostic service to field staff in
conjunction with the continuing survey of diseases and
parasites of wildlife. The use by field staff of a recently
prepared manual on this subject greatly assisted this
project.
UPLAND GAME AND WATERFOWL
Research continued in various species and sub-species of
grouse and Canada geese, both in Ontario and elsewhere,
with the ultimate objective of discovering whether a biologic
tag could be found which could be used at any time of the
year to determine the origin and distribution of discrete
populations.
BIG GAME
Big game research, which is mostly of an ecological nature,
is conducted on deer, moose and woodland caribou. Data
were again collected in 1966 from the network of stations
established to record snow depth — probably the most
severe factor affecting survival and distribution of deer.
Major logging activity during the 1850-1910 period resulted
in residual stands that were favourable to deer until re-
cently. Much of this forest has again become too mature
for deer. Research is concentrating on learning to create an ■
optimum balance between deer and timber crops.
PREDATORS
During 1966, the wolf predator control program has been
directed to training fur-trapping licencees to accept the
responsibility for control of their trap lines. Extensive pro-
grams of this nature were implemented in the Parry Sound
and Pembroke districts. There are tentative plans to carry
out similar extension training programs in other districts
where it would be considered necessary.
MECHANICAL
The main work of the Section during the year was, as in the
past, concerned with the development of special equipment
and instruments required for the Research Branch in
Fisheries, Forestry and Wildlife. Special equipment was also
designed for other Branches of the Department. In addi-
tion, the Section provided engineering services to the
Department.
TIMBER BRANCH
The main objective of the Timber Branch is to provide
through sound forest management the highest possible
yields of Crown forests consistent with the economic re-
quirements of forest industry and the general welfare of the
Province's citizens. The Branch is divided into three sec-
tions — Reforestation, Silviculture and Timber.
The following is a brief review of Timber Branch activities
in the past fiscal year.
iREFORESTATION
TREE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION
In the year under review, sufficient seed was sown at the 10
forest tree nurseries for the production of 62,933,000 units
of planting stock.
NURSERY STOCK PRODUCTION TARGET BY NURSERIES
District Nursery Production Target
Kemptville Kemptville 10,920,000
Kenora Dryden 3,934,000
Lake Erie St. Williams 4,966,000
Lake Simcoe Midhurst 10,177,000
Lindsay Orono 7,425,000
Port Arthur Fort William 10,721,000
Swastika Swastika 9,710,000
Chapleau Chapleau 2,000,000
3ogama Gogama 1,100,000
SaultSte. Marie Thessalon 1,980,000
Total 62,933,000
SUMMARY OF DISTRIBUTION OF NURSERY STOCK
FOR PERIOD APRIL 1, 1966 TO MARCH 31, 1967
Purpose Trees
Furnished in respect of private lands 9,542,325
Furnished for educational or scientific purposes 130,894
Furnished for use of Ontario 41,839,242
Miscellany 200,000
Total 51,712^1
TREES FURNISHED IN THE PERIOD
APRIL 1, 1966 TO MARCH 31, 1967
For
For Private Land Use of Ontario*
District Trees Trees
Chapleau H 3,687,495
Cochrane 3,000 2,458,600
Fort Frances 166,350 901,700
Geraldton _ 3,795,060
Gogama _ 3,672,225
Kapuskasing _ 3,368,785
Kemptville 1,195,900 1,756,756
Kenora 98,700 1,318,325
Lake Erie 938,650 432,073
Lake Huron 1,780,350 928,010
Lake Simcoe 2,308,100 444,762
Lindsay 779,175 1,130,182
North Bay 2,000 1,619,570
Parry Sound 440,650 803,864
Pembroke 444,025 1,305,940
Port Arthur 521,150 2,444,282
Sault Ste. Marie 168,025 3,562,625
Sioux Lookout — 741,850
Sudbury 258,075 2,627,415
Swastika 7,350 3,073,116
Tweed 430,825 1,377,775
White River — 304,000
Unclassified — 84,832
Total 9,542,325 41,839,242
*lncludes nursery stock furnished to Department of Highways,
for laboratory tests, etc.
AGREEMENT FOREST ADMINISTRATION
A total of $120,954.72 in grants to assist with the acquisition
of lands was paid during the year. Canada contributed to
Ontario $40,645.26 of the foregoing amount under agreement
made between Canada and Ontario pursuant to their respec-
tive Agricultural Rehabilitation and Development Acts.
PRIVATE LAND FORESTRY
Under The Woodlands Improvement Act 1966, 33 manage-
ment areas were designated in southern Ontario. Another 10
were scheduled to receive benefits under the program
effective January 1, 1967.
Forestry work programs were prepared for 164 new Wood-
lands Improvement Act agreements in the Management
Areas scheduled to receive assistance in 1967.
In all districts, forestry advice and service were provided
individual forest owners and organizations.
SILVICULTURE
FOREST RESOURCES INVENTORY
During the year under review, air photography was com-
pleted on 22,412 square miles in northwestern Ontario and
2,830 square miles in southern Ontario.
Inventory field work was carried out on 7,683 square miles
in the Sault Ste. Marie, Fort Frances and Kenora Districts.
Forest stand maps and tabulated inventory data, such as
area classification, detailed stand description, volume and
area summaries by age-classes, were completed on 13,201
square miles.
The multiplex plotting machine was used to determine con-
tour and form lines on three Provincial Parks covering an
area of 11,470 acres.
The photo processing unit produced 115.809 contact prints,
2,518 mosaics, 2,573 enlargements, 419 diapositives, 710
copy negatives, and 1.395 cronaflex reproductions.
SILVICULTURAL OPERATIONS
The planting program, divided into the two major categories
— Crown Lands and Agreement Forests — is shown below:
Crown Lands
1. Unalienated
2. Licenced
Nursery
Trees
18,048,833
22,113,217
Acres
22,745
28,265
Tubed
Seedlings
4,324,094
12,632,282
Acres
3,671
13,238
16,956,376 16,909
Totals 40,162,050 51,010
Agreement Forests 3,115,350 4,000 — —
TIMBER
FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANNING
The status of management plans is as follows:
1. Crown Management Units: The plans for these units are
prepared by Department staff. There are 78 Crown man-
agement units covering 90,665.0 square miles with 70
management plans:
9 standard management plans in force
13 plans being processed for approval
48 initial management plans in force
7 management units not under plans
1 unit operating under approved
operating plan
2. Company Management Units: The management plans for
Company management units are prepared by licensees.
There are 66 Company units with 99,342.9 square miles
under licence to 45 companies. The status of management
planning for these units is as follows:
43 approved management plans
9 plans being processed for approval
12 plans not yet due
2 units inactive
The explanation for the 12 plans not yet due is that be-
cause of changes in area, etc., 12 licensees have been
required to prepare new management plans.
5,001.5 sq. mi.
13,463.2 sq. mi.
67,043.5 sq. mi.
5,001.8 sq. mi.
155.0 sq. mi.
64,199.5 sq. mi.
4,530.9 sq. mi.
25,730.7 sq. mi.
4,881.8 sq. mi.
3. Agreement Forest Units: The management plans for these
units are prepared by Department staff. There are 60
units covering approximately 329 square miles. The status '
of management planning for the Agreement Forest units |
is as follows:
6 approved standard plans 46,336 acres
20 being processed for approval 58,%2 acres
16 plans in the process of preparation 49,696 acres
18 interim or annual plans in force and
land acquired since inventory 55,430 acres i
Total —329 square miles, or 210,424 acres
MARKETING AND FOREST ECONOMICS
Forest industry expansions which have already taken place
put Ontario in a good position to take advantage of the
expected increases in world demand for forest products in
the early 1970's. However, softness in the world pulp markets
due to excess capacity and cut-backs in house construction
resulted in no appreciable gains for 1966.
SALE OF TIMBER
The volume and value of wood cut from Crown lands during
1965-1966 was almost identical with the year previous. How-
ever, there was an increase in the consumption of wood
chips produced as a by-product of sawmilling operations of
44,617 cords. This brings the cord equivalent of chips pro-
duced by sawmills to more than 438.000 cords in 1966, or
enough wood to supply the full requirements of a large
sized pulp mill. Pulpwood and boltwood purchased from
patented lands was down by nearly 150,000 cords durinp
1966.
400
380
.s,
340
320
300
280
260
24d
^
"^
OLUME
OF WOOD CUT FROM CROWN LAND
1^
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^
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X
^
TOTAL
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SAW
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STUMPAGE REVENUE FOR WOOD
CUT FROM CROWN LAND
1856 1957 (958 1959 I960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966
' , ■ ■ ' " ' . . YEAR
1956 1957 1958 1959 I960 1961 1982 1963 1964 1965 1966
YEAR 1
LANDS AIMD SURVEYS BRANCH
The main objectives of the Lands and Surveys Branch are
to maintain a rational basis for Crown land retention; to
develop, implement and maintain Land Use Plans; and to
conduct Crown surveys. The Branch is divided into four
sections — Lands, Land Acquisition and Planning, Surveys
and Engineering.
The following is a brief review of Research Branch activity
during the past fiscal year.
LANDS
The uses for public lands are becoming more diversified
and more dependent on and related to other areas of public
administration. This has led to increased liaison and co-
operation with people concerned with public health, water
pollution, roads and land use planning in other Departments
of Government.
In collaboration with the Department of Municipal Affairs,
two new restricted areas were established during the year
and real progress made towards developing several new
townsites.
Interest in summer cottage lots continued to increase during
the year and sales increased. Increased interest was shown
in commercial summer resort properties, water lot occupa-
tions and ownership of beach lands.
LAND ACQUISITION AND PLANNING
Subsequent to the announcement of the Land Acquisition
program in 1962, this Department has acquired 93,356 acres
of land for water access points, district improvements,
general recreation (day use), parks, timber management,
wilderness areas, nature reserves and wildlife management
purposes.
This year. Treasury Board approved 53 proposals covering
the acquisition of 71,887.95 acres, and an additional 46
proposals were approved- for the acquisition of 43,329 acres
by the Ontario Parks Integration Board. The number of acres
acquired this fiscal year amounted to 18,845.71, while almost
66,000 acres in total were considered and subsequently
rejected.
SURVEYS
CARTOGRAPHY
In pursuit of the objective to produce a total of 21 maps ir
a provincial topographic series on a scale 1 inch -^ 2 miles
to cover areas in Northern Ontario, map sheets designatec
Hornepayne, Calstock, Taradale. Obakamiga Lake, Timmin?
and Gogama were printed. Revised editions of one eight
mile, one four-mile and three miscellaneous maps were
produced, together with the last in a series of four surficiail
geology maps. '
Editing of nomenclature on maps produced by federal anci
provincial mapping agencies was continued, and more than'
600 new geographical names were recommended to the
Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names
for approval.
LEGAL SURVEYS
Drafting of area plans, special maps and charts, legal survey
plans resulting from departmental field survey activities,
graphic illustrations, and redrafting of township plans on a
scale 1 inch 20 chains continued. In addition, the loca-
tion and extent of all new alienations of Crown land con-
tinued to be plotted on township or area plans in order to
maintain a graphic illustration of the status of land through-
out the Province.
Field surveys for administrative purposes were carried out
by field survey crews, operating principally in the northern'
part of southern Ontario.
SURVEY RECORDS AND MAP DISTRIBUTION
Distribution of the Provincial Topographic Map series more
than doubled over the previous year, and an increase
occurred in the distribution of map sheets in the National
Topographic Map series mainly due to an issue of new and
revised sheets in the 1:25,000, 1:50,000 and 1:250,000 scale
series. The number of public inquiries requiring a search
of original plans and field notes of surveys of Crown lands
increased substantially.
ENGINEERING
This section continued to provide management of water
resources through approval of dams under The Lakes and
Rivers Improvement Act. Special engineering consultation
services were also provided for fisheries and waterfowl man-
agement projects.
ACCESS ROADS
Some 1,850 miles of forest access roads were maintained
during the fiscal year, which is an increase of 331 miles
over the previous year, and represents an increase of 100
per cent over the total number of miles of road maintained
during the fiscal year ending March 31st, 1964.
FISH AND VA/ILDLIFE BRANCH
The objectives of the Fish and Wildlife Branch are to man-
age lands and waters to ensure that the maximum recrea-
iiional and economic benefits are gained from wildlife and
I'ish species, and to permit the full harvest of the annual
iiatural increases of fish and game species on a sustained
yield basis. The Branch is divided into two sections — Wild-
ife and Fisheries.
The following is a brief review of Fish and Wildlife Branch
activity during the past fiscal year.
IWILDLIFE
GAME MANAGEMENT
HUNTING LICENCE SALES, 1966
NUMBERS
TYPE OF LICENCE SOLD
Resident Moose 48,498
Resident Deer 122,412
Dog — Raccoon 1,314
Moose and Deer 12,693 14,007
Farmer's Deer 15,017
Regulated Hunting Camp (Lindsay) 84
Resident Bear 813
Resident Small Game 388,243
Summer Hunting (Groundhog) 46,403
Non-Resident Moose, Deer and Small Game 12,698
Non-Resident Deer and Small Game 8,858
,Non-Resident Small Game 11,998
Non-Resident Spring Bear 3,910
Non-Resident Wolf 50
I Non-Resident Pheasant Preserve 250
Deer Hunting and Management: Over 146,000 deer licences
were sold in 1966 compared with 140,000 in 1965. In addi-
tion, 12,700 non-resident moose licence holders could hunt
deer if they wished. To obtain information on the hunt,
29,854 hunters were interviewed at checking stations and
3,719 were contacted in mailed surveys.
DEER RANGE IMPROVEMENT WORK,
WINTER 1965'-66
DISTRICT Size of Area Treated Cost
(net acres)
Sault Ste. Marie 25J $ 5,541
Sudbury 8.5 1,700
North Bay 40.0 (gross) 792
Pembroke 60.0 1,556
Parry Sound 91.0 3,730
Tweed marking trees 64
Total 225^2 $13,383
Moose Management: An estimated 56,398 of the licence
holders hunted and killed 14,593 moose. Thus overall suc-
cess was 26%. Nearly 61,000 hunters bought moose licences
during 1966, an increase of 18% over the previous high.
Waterfowl Management:
PRESEASON WATERFOWL BANDING IN ONTARIO — 1966
SPECIES NO. BANDED
Mallard 3,964
Black 2,045
Blue Wing Teal 4,852
Wood Duck 807
Other 1,110
Total ..
12,778
Waterfowl H
unt
ing Units:
SUMMARY
OF
PUBLIC WATERFOWL
HUNTING AREAS, 1966
Hunting
Number
No. of
Average
Area
of
Waterfowl
Bag
Name of Area
(in acres)
Hunters
Taken
Per Hunter
Long Point
1,750
2,370
2,696
1.14
Rondeau
9,200
722
129*
908
1.26
Presqu'ile
2,170
415*
—
—
Darlington
380
427
257
0.60
Holiday Bea
ch
262
597*
756
1.27
*Season permits. Other figures denote daily permits.
Total number of hunters in all units — 4,531.
^l^^maaaaammmmammM
Pheasant Hunting Units:
PUBLIC PHEASANT HUNTING AREAS, 1966
Sibbald
Presqu'ile
Darlington
Point
Hunting Area in acres
415
415
450
Number of Hunters
436
892
996
Number of Birds Released
910
1,460
1,453
Number of Birds Recovered
721
1,248
1,282
Birds Per Hunter
. 1.6
1.4
1.3
FUR MANAGEMENT
Beaver remains the most important fur-bearer in Ontario.
The slight drop in beaver harvest is attributed to a fall in
market value. The long hair furs (fisher, fox, lynx, marten,
raccoon) dropped considerably in market value. The value
of muskrat dropped by 50%.
The mink situation has been a source of concern for the
past four years. However, an encouraging increase of popu-
lation in the northwestern part of the Province has been
recorded. There has been a sharp decline in the mink
market. Prices were substantially lower compared to the
1965 crop sales. However, 47 new ranches were established
during 1966 and a production increase of 86,502 mink pelts
or 18.03%.
FIELD SERVICES
A comprehensive training program for conservation officers
has been established.
Registered convictions for the fiscal year totalled 2,626, an
increase of 279 over the previous year. Offences other than
those involving licences include:
Fishing:
1. Angling with more than two lines 165
2. Possession of overlimit of fish 156
3. Taking fish by means other than angling
4. Taking fish during closed season
5. Possession of fish during closed season
6. Possession of spear
Hunting:
1. Possession of loaded firearm in vehicle
2. Hunting in prohibited hours and jacklighting
3. Possession of loaded firearm in motor boat
4. Hunting in closed season
5. Possession of game in closed season
6. Hunting protected birds
9(
«
5{
4{
38i
27(
145
7?
3(
3;
FISHERIES
Progress in reaching the objectives of fisheries management
was marked primarily by minor additions to staff and some;
reorganization, as well as redirection of emphasis of various,
programs. Perhaps most significant was the addition of ai
new Unit in the Fisheries Section to coordinate the lake
survey program across the Province — an important part o1
the field program of the Districts but which has been unable
to keep up to the necessary demand in recent years. The
Unit now consists of a senior biologist, a fisheries manage-
ment technician and a clerk. j
At the same time, the Commercial Fisheries Unit, through
adjustments in staff functions, was able to add a biologist
to initiate a program for the development of quota manage-
ment and more extensive fish sampling by the field staff.
The policy of initiating programs directed at assisting the
industry in exploring methods of catching fish, transporta-,
tion of quality products, and processing was established in]
principle. I
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE PRODUCTION OF THE FISHERIES (VALUE BY FISHING AREA)
Fishing Area
1965
1966
Decrease
Lake Erie
Northern Inland
Lake Huron
Lake Superior
Lake St. Clair
Lake Ontario
Georgian Bay
$3,319,307.21
1,230,418.09
627,375.69
283,434.88
234,421.99
352,899.46
234,109.31
$3,104,813.49
1,313,915.05
465,637.74
326,588.22
238,526.20
220,006.65
170,791.83
83,496.96
43,153.34
4,104.21
$214,493.72
161,737.95
132,892.81
63,317.48
Southern Inland
North Channel
61,227.16
60,594.88
80,484.97
73,901.68
19,257.81
13,306.80
—
TOTAL
$6,403,788.67
$5,994,665.83
NET INCREASE
$409,122.84
fl COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE
YIELD OF THE FISHERIES
1965
1966
Increase
Decrease
Species
lbs.
lbs.
lbs.
lbs.
Perch (Yellow)
19,464,715
21,151,435
T686,720^
—
Smelt
11,916,966
16,056,252
4,139,286
—
Walleye
3,241,033
3,987,293
746,260
—
Whitefish
3,236,258
2,812,118
—
424,140
White Bass
2,733,243
1,805,932
—
927,311
Suckers
1,102,348
1,306,023
203,675
—
Chub &Tullibee
1,891,993
1,265,068
—
626,925
Lake Herring
1,603,413
1,183,832
—
419,581
Northern Pike
1,099,393
1,005,117
—
94,276
Sheepshead
989,668
1,057,937
68,269
—
Carp & Carp Roe
871,950
936,748
64,798
—
Bullheads
451,208
347,721
—
103,487
Ling
403,724
343,173
—
60,551
Catfish
242,609
273,482
30,873
—
Rock Bass &
Crappies
209,054
271,411
62,357
—
Sunfish
248,634
253,015
4,381
—
White Perch
589,141
174,295
—
414,846
Lake Trout
177,561
174,132
. —
3,429
Eels
193,713
150,220
—
43,493
Sturgeon
93,798
85.723
—
8,075
Saugers
76,388
59,202
—
17,186
Menominee
66,139
57,836
—
8,303
Goldeyes
19,407
6,897
—
12,510
Caviar
1,872
1,422
—
450
Turtles
2,023
1,116
—
907
Blue Pickerel
132
8
—
124
Dogfish, Alewife,
Gar, Shad &
Unclassified
"Mink Food"
1,562,887
1,576,634
13,747
—
TOTAL
52,489,270
56,344,042
The addition of a Fisheries Management Unit to concentrate
on fisheries problems on Lakes Temagami and Nipissing
established a fifth such "intensive-study team" in a key
fishery water. At the same time, the importance of District
fisheries management officers was recognized, and two addi-
tional positions were created bringing the total number to
thirteen.
The Fish Culturist training program previously directed to
hatchery technicians was re-established and expanded to
include additional fisheries management training. In addi-
tion to hatchery technicians, biologists, fishery management
officers and conservation officers were offered the course to
improve their technical background in fish culture and field
management.
The program of modernizing and renovating the provincial
hatchery system was marked by the beginning of recon-
struction of the North Bay trout rearing station.
Gross revenue from the sale of angling licences in Ontario
is approaching three million dollars. Total sales in 1966
amounted to $2,971,295. Sales of all licences, including non-
resident seasonal, non-resident three-day, non-resident
organized camp, resident Provincial Park and resident Pro-
vincial Park organized camp, showed an increase. Sales of
non-resident three-day licence continued to rise from 69,401
in 1963 to 151,373 in 1966. The increase in revenue from total
licence sales this year was $124,178 or 4.3%, and constitutes
one of the more substantial increases in recent years.
NET INCREASE
3,854,722
FOREST PROTECmOlM BRANCH
The main objectives of the Forest Protection Branch are tc
protect Provincial forest lands from damage by fire and
pests, to protect life and property from forest fires, and toi
provide flying and communication services for the Depart-;
ment. The Branch is divided into two sections — Forest
Protection and Air Service.
FOREST PROTECTION
Forest fires and area burned in Ontario during 1966 fire
season were as follows: 1
Number Percent Area Percent
Man Caused Fires 1,382
Lightning Fires 539
Totals 1,921
72
28
100
10,293
4,122
14,415
71
29
lOO"
Although the area burned over was one of the lowest on
record, the number of fires was the fifth highest on record
since 1917. For purposes of comparison, the average number
of fires during the past fifteen years (1951-1965) was 1,376
per year and the average area burned over during the same
period was 151,498 acres per year.
On July 22, 1966, in co-operation with the Ontario Forestry
Association, a historical plaque was unveiled near Matheson
commemorating the 50th anniversary of the forest fires
which ravaged Matheson and other neighbouring communi-
ties during July of 1916.
An experimental sferics-radar system was used to plot
lightning storm movement in North-western Ontario with the
objective of delineating areas requiring intensified detection
for lightning fire coverage.
An aircraft detection study, initiated in Sault Ste. Marie
District in 1963, was expanded to include two additional
areas of approximately 2,000 square miles each in the
Kenora and Temagami areas. Operating in addition to and
independently from the regular detection system, the results
were favourable. However, additional studies are required
before the system can be considered operational.
rii
A total of 300 Indians were given a 10-day course in fire
suppression bringing the total trained to date to 1,190. These
Indians are employed on a rotation basis as standby sup-
pression crews at strategic locations across the Province.
Forest pest control was carried out on 11.500 acres of Crown
owned or managed forest lands in 1956. The main effort
was concentrated on the white pine weevil, the European
pine sawfly, white pine blister rust and fomes root rot.
In an effort to provide additional skilled labour for removal
of diseased elm trees, the Department initiated and co-
ordinated an interdepartmental project to train 55 Indian
young men for this work.
The radio communications network was expanded to a total
of 2.605 receiver-transmitter units.
MAIN CAUSES OF FOREST FIRES
tCauses
Lightning
Industrial — logging ,
Industrial — others
Recreation
Resident
Railways
Incendiary
Miscellaneous
Unknown
Fires
Acres
539
4,122
15
23
73
3,605
719
2,324
223
878
117
666
18
473
205
2,305
12
19
1,921
MAJOR MEANS OF FIRE DETECTION
Number
14,415
Percent
Public 872
Towers 560
Aircraft 325
Department Employees 96
Other Government Employees 68
Totals 1,921
FOREST FIRES BY MONTH
April May June
45
29
17
5
4
100
No. of Fires 81 316 233
Acres Burned 289 5801 4570 2671 615 150 319
July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
908 215 113 54 1
Total number of fires
Total acres burned
1,921
AIR SERVICE
Nine DeHavilland Turbo-Beavers and one Twin Otter were
purchased in continuation of the program to modernize the
Department's fleet of aircraft. A total of 15 Turbo-Beavers
are now in operation. Ten piston powered Beavers were sold
by public tender.
The "Ontario Integral Float Water Bombing System" was
installed in a total of 10 Otters and 15 Turbo-Beavers. Two
Otters and two Turbo-Beavers were also equipped with a
system designed to give the option of using plain water or
"Gelgard" additive. "Gelgard" is a chemical water thickener
which under certain conditions improves fire suppressive
action.
An air operations study has been initiated to provide guide-
lines to the present and long term development of the Air
Service.
Flying operations were carried out from 26 bases during the
fire season. Twelve of these bases provide year-round flying
service necessary in resources management work.
Five helicopters were again operated under contract from
May 1 to September 30 to provide transportation in fighting
fires in areas not accessible to conventional aircraft.
Total flying time of Department aircraft was 14,752:40 hours,
and a total of 36,702 personnel and passengers and
13,200,064 pounds were carried. The number of hours flown
by helicopters under contract was 1,784:10 and by other
leased helicopters and fixed wing aircraft was 2,323:10 hours.
Seventeen mercy flights were carried out, totalling 25:15
hours,
FLYING HOURS — 1966-67
Nature of Flight
Dept.
Aircraft
HOURS FLOWN
Helicopter
under
contract Others
Forest Protection 4,148:25 1,292:15 1,915:40 7,356:20
Timber Management 1,266:40
Fish & Wildlife
Lands & Surveys
Parks
Research
Administration
Interdepartmental
3,761:45
469:45
298:15
277:35
3,968:20
561:55
69:20
140:50
29:45
29:05
3:00
218:55
1:00
54:35 1,390:35
212:45 4,115:20
14,415
26:00 525:30
11:10 338:30
— 280:35
26:50 4,214:05
76:10 639:05
14,752:40 1,784:10 2,323:10 18,860:00
PERSOIMIMEL BRAIMCH
The objective of the Personnel Branch is to provide ade-
quate, competent staff for the Department, and to encourage
good job performance through a career concept based on
promotion, training and up-to-date position classification.
The Branch is divided into five sections — Employment,
Classification and Job Evaluation, Training and Special
Assignments, Employee Relations, and Office Management.
TRAINING
Some 86 students graduated from the Ontario Forest Tech-
nical School Diploma Course in 1966. A total of 151 students
were enrolled for the 1967 Diploma Course.
RECRUITMENT
The recruitment program for foresters, biologists, forestry
technicians and conservation officers covered 16 universities
and four ranger schools, together w\th job advertising in
printed media across Canada. The response has been
gratifying.
DISPOSITION OF PERSONNEL
F. MacDougall retired on June 16, 1966 after 25 years as
Deputy Minister of the Department of Lands and Forests.
He was succeeded by G. H. U. Bayly, who had served as
Assistant Deputy Minister since 1957.
G. H. Ferguson, Q.C., was appointed Chief, Law Branch, on
July 28, 1956 after serving as Supervisor since December,
1957.
P. Addison was appointed Chief, Parks Branch, on January
1, 1967.
A. J. Herridge was appointed Director, North-Eastern Region,
on January 1, 1967.
J. M. Taylor was appointed Chief, Personnel Branch, oi
January 1, 1967. '
D. R. Wilson was appointed Director, Southern Region, oil I
January 1, 1967.
The disposition of senior administrative staff as of Marci
31, 1967 was as follows:
Assistant Deputy Minister: R. D. K. Acheson.
Regional Directors: A. J. Herridge (North-Eastern); L. Ring
ham (North-Western); D. R. Wilson (Southern).
Regional Forester: T. W. Hueston.
Branch Chiefs: P. Addison (Parks); Dr. C. H. D. Clarke (FisH
and Wildlife); R. G. Code (Lands and Surveys); G. H. Fer
guson, Q.C. (Law); A. P. Leslie (Research); R. R. MacBear
(Accounts); M. B. Morison (Timber); P. 0. Rhynas (Opera j
tions); J. M. Taylor (Personnel); J. M. Whalen (Fores
Protection).
District Foresters: M. A. Adamson (Parry Sound); J. S. Bal'
(Sault Ste. Marie): R. A. Balkwill (Fort Frances); R. A. Baxte ; I
(Sioux Lookout); W. H. Charlton (Kenora); W. B. M. Clarke
(North Bay); I. B. Earl (Gogama); L. H. Eckel (Cochrane)
D. A. Fawcett (Kapuskasing); D. E. Gage (Geraldton); F. L
Hall (Lake Huron); G. A. Hamilton (Sudbury); J. D. Hughej
(Swastika); J. R. Keddie (Chapleau); A. W. Leman (Lake
Simcoe); J. W. Lockwood (Lake Erie); G. A. McCormacI'
(White River); N. D. Patrick (Tweed); F. E. Sider (Pembroke)
W. L. Sleeman (Port Arthur); W. A. G. Thurston (Kemptville)
A. E. Walroth (Lindsay).
Ontario Forest Technical School Director: Q. F. Hess.
TOTAL STAFF AS OF MARCH 31, 1967
Regular Probationary
Unclassified
Staff
Total
Head Office
Field
581
1,689
94
203
55
722
777
730
2,614
2,270 297
Total complement of regular and probationary positions
as at March 31, 1967
Total regular and probationary staff as at March 31, 1967
Total vacancies in complement as at March 31. 1967
NUMBER OF PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYEES ON STAFF AS AT MARCH 31,
Foresters Biologists Civil Engineers Miscellaneous
235 80 7 55
Number of Ontario Forest Ranger School Graduates on Staff
as at March 31, 1967
Number of Licensed Scalers on staff as at March 31, 1967
3,344
3,021
2,567
454
1967
Total
377
1,217
835
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