REPORT OF THE SECRETARY
_ OF THE SMITHSONIAN
INSTITUTION
AND |
FINANCIAL REPORT OF
THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF
THE BOARD OF REGENTS
1937
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
WASHINGTON, D. C.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY
OF THE SMITHSONIAN
INSTITUTION
AND
FINANCIAL REPORT OF
THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF
THE BOARD OF REGENTS
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30
Wd
(Publication 3449)
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1937
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. - - - - - - - - - - Price 20 cents
CONTENTS
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Summary of the year’s activities of the branches of the Institution_____
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Andrew W. Mellon’s art gift to the Nation______________________-
Proposed omithsonian Gallery-of Art. 9-2 22-22-22 00252) 2 ee
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‘Walter Rathbone Bacon Traveling Scholarship___________________-
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EAU] SUBNATIONAL Nay aN aS
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Appendix 1. Report on the United States National Museum________-__-
2. Report on the National Collection of Fine Arts____________
38. Report on the Freer Gallery of Art______________________-
4, Report on the Bureau of American Ethnology_____________
5. Report on the International Exchange Service_____________
6. Report on the National Zoological Park________________.-
7. Report on the Astrophysical Observatory_____.__________-
8. Report on the Division of Radiation and Organisms-_-_-__-_-___
ORBEVCO OTL ON al ME Nora eee nyo ayat ue Phrasal af etna Reames Re
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Report of the executive committee of the Board of Regents
THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
June 30, 1937
Presiding officer ex officio FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, President of the United
States.
Chancelior—CHARLES HvANS HuGHES, Chief Justice of the United States.
Members af the Institution:
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, President of the United States.
JOHN N. GARNER, Vice President of the United States.
CHARIES EVANS HucuHEs, Chief Justice of the United States.
CorDELL HULL, Secretary of State.
HENRY MorGENTHAU, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury. A
GEORGE H. DERN, Secretary of War. byt at P
HioMEFR S. CumMINnGs, Attorney General. ‘
James A. HARLEY, Postmaster General.
CLAUDE A. SWANSON, Secretary. of the Navy.
Hanrotp L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior.
Himrnry A. WALLACE, Secretary of Agriculture.
DANiEr C. Roper, Secretary of Commerce.
FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary of Labor.
Regents of the Institution:
CHarRLeS EvANS HuGcuHeEs, Chief Justice of the United States, Chancellor.
JOHN N. GARNER, Vice President of the United States.
JOSEPE T. Rorrnson, Member of the Senate.
M. M. Logan, Member of the Senate.
CHARLES lL. MCNARyY, Member of the Senate.
T. ALAN GOLDSBOROUGH, Member of the House of Representatives.
CHARLES L. GirrorD, Member of the House of Representatives.
CLARENCE CANNON, Member of the House of Representatives.
Freperic A. DELANO, citizen of Washington, D. C.
JoHNn C. Merriam, citizen of Washington, D. C.
R. WALTON Moors, citizen of Virginia.
RopeRT W. BINGHAM, citizen of Kentucky.
AvuGustTus P. Lorine, citizen of Massachusetts.
RoLanp S. Morris, citizen of Pennsylvania.
Heecutive committee—Freperic A. DELANO, JoHN C. Merriam, R.. WALTON
MOORE.
Secretary.—CHARLES G. ABBOT.
Assistant Secretary — ALEXANDER. WETMORE.
Administrative assistant to the Secretary— Harry W. Dorsty.
Treasurei.—NIcHOLAS W. DorsEy.
Hditor—WeEBSTER P. TRUE.
Librarian.—WIiLLiam L. Corsin,
Personnel officer.—HELEN A. OLMSTED.
Property clerk—JAMES H. HItt.
VI ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1987
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Keeper ex officio CHARLES G. ABBOT.
Assistant Secretary (in charge) —ALEXANDER WETMORE.
Asgociate director—JOHN H. GRAF.
SCIENTIFIC STAFF
DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY :
Frank M. Setzler, acting head curator; W. H. Egberts, chief pre-
parator.
Division of Ethnology: H. W. Krieger, curator; H. B. Collins, Jr., assistant
eurator; Arthur P. Rice, collaborator.
Section of Musical Instruments: Hugo Worch, custodian.
Section of Ceramics: Samuel W. Woodhouse, collaborator.
Division of Archeology: Neil M. Judd, curator; Waldo R. Wedel, assistant
curator; R. G. Paine, aid; J. Townsend Russell, honorary assistant cura-
tor of Old World archeology.
Division of Physical Anthropology: AleS Hrdlicka, curator; Thomas D.
Stewart, assistant curator.
Collaborators in anthropology: George Grant MacCurdy; D. I. Bush-
nell, Jr.
Associate in historic archeology: Cyrus Adler.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY:
Leonhard Stejneger, head curator; W. L. Brown, chief taxidermist.
Division of Mammals: Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., curator; Remington Kellogg,
assistant curator; A. J. Poole, scientific aid; A. Brazier Howell, collabo-
rator.
Division of Birds: Herbert Friedmann, curator; J. H. Riley, associate
curator; Alexander Wetmore, custodian of alcoholic and skeleton col-
lections; Casey A. Wood, collaborator; Arthur C. Bent, collaborator.
Division of Reptiles and Batrachians: Leonhard Stejneger, curator; Doris
M. Cochran, assistant curator.
Division of Fishes: Leonard P. Schultz, assistant curator; E. D. Reid, aid.
Division of Insects: L. O. Howard, honorary curator; Edward A. Chapin,
curator; William Schaus, honorary assistant curator; B. Preston Clark,
collaborator.
Section of Hymenoptera: S. A. Rohwer, custodian; W. M. Mann, assist-
ant custodian; Robert A. Cushman, assistant custodian.
Section of Myriapoda: O. F. Cook, custodian.
Section of Diptera: Charles T. Greene, assistant custodian.
Section of Coleoptera: L. L. Buchanan, specialist for Casey collection.
Section of Lepidoptera: J. T. Barnes, collaborator.
Section of Hemiptera: W. L. McAtee, acting custodian.
Section of Forest Tree Beetles: A. D. Hopkins, custodian.
Division of Marine Invertebrates: Waldo L. Schmitt, curator; C. R. Shoe-
maker, assistant curator; James O. Maloney, aid; Mrs. Harriet Rich-
ardson Searle, collaborator; Max M. Ellis, collaborator; Maynard M.
Metcalf, collaborator; J. Percy Moore, collaborator; Joseph A. Cushman,
collaborator in Foraminifera; Charles Branch Wilson, collaborator in
Copepoda.
Division of Mollusks: Paul Bartsch, curator; Harald A. Rehder, assistant
curator; Joseph P. E. Morrison, senior scientific aid; Mary Breen, col-
laborator.
Section of Helminthological Collections: Maurice C. Hall, custodian.
ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937 ovat
DEPARTMENT OF BioLogy—Continued.
Division of Echinoderms: Austin H. Clark, curator.
Division of Plants (National Herbarium): W. R. Maxon, curator; Hlls-
worth P. Killip, associate curator; Emery C. Leonard, assistant curator ;
Conrad V. Morton, aid; Egbert H. Walker, aid; John A. Stevenson,
custodian of C. G. Lloyd mycological collection.
Section of Grasses: Agnes Chase, custodian.
Section of Cryptogamic Collections: O. F. Cook, assistant curator.
Section of Higher Algae: W. IT. Swingle, custodian.
Section of Lower Fungi: D. G. Fairchild, custodian.
Section of Diatoms: Paul S. Conger, custodian.
Associates in Zoology: C. Hart Merriam, Mary J. Rathbun, C. W. Stiles,
Theodore S. Palmer, William B. Marshall. &
Associate Curator in Zoology: Hugh M. Smith.
Associate in Marine Sediments: T. Wayland Vaughan.
Collaborator in Zoology: Robert Sterling Clark.
Collaborators in Biology: A. K. Fisher, David C. Graham.
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY :
R. S. Bassler, head curator; Jessie G. Beach, aid.
Division of Physical and Chemical Geology (systematic and applied) :
W. F. Foshag, curator; Edward P. Henderson, assistant curator.
Division of Mineralogy and Petrology: W. F. Foshag, curator; Frank L.
Hess, custodian of rare metals and rare earths.
Division of Stratigraphic Paleontology: Charles E. Resser, curator; Gustav
A. Cooper, assistant curator; Margaret W. Moodey, aid for Springer
collection.
Section of Invertebrate Paleontology: T. W. Stanton, custodian of
Mesozoic collection; Paul Bartsch, curator of Cenozoic collection.
Division of Vertebrate Paleontology: Charles W. Gilmore, curator; C.
Lewis Gazin, assistant curator; Norman H. Boss, chief preparator.
Associate in Mineralogy: W. T. Schaller.
Associate in Paleontology: E. O. Ulrich.
Associate in Petrology: Whitman Cross.
DEPARTMENT OF ARTS AND INDUSTRIES:
; Carl W. Mitman, head curator.
Division of Engineering: Frank A. Taylor, curator.
Section of Mechanical Technology: Frank A. Taylor, in charge; Fred
C. Reed, scientific aid.
Section of Aeronautics: Paul EH. Garber, assistant curator.
Section of Mineral Technology: Carl W. Mitman, in charge.
Division of Textiles: Frederick L. Lewton, curator; Mrs. E. W. Rosson, aid.
* Section of Wood Technology: William N. Watkins, assistant curator.
Section of Organic Chemistry: Aida M. Doyle, aid.
Division of Medicine: Charles Whitebread, assistant curator.
Division of Graphic Arts: R. P. Tolman, curator; C. Allen Sherwin, scien-
tifie aid.
Section of Photography: A. J. Olmsted, assistant curator.
DIvISION oF History: T. T. Belote, curator; Charles Carey, assistant curator ;
Mrs. C. L. Manning, philatelist.
Chief of correspondence and documents.—H. S. BRYANT.
Assistant chief of correspondence and documents.—L.. E. COMMERFORD.
Superintendent of buildings and labor.—R. H. TREMBLY.
Assistant superintendent of buildings and labor.—CHARLES C. SINCLAIR.
VII ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
EHditor.—PAvuL H. OEHSER.
Engineer.—C. R. DENMARK.
Accountant and auditor.—N. W. DORSEY.
Photographer.—A. J. OLMSTED.
Property clerk.—LAWRENCE L. OLIVER,
Assistant librarian.—LEILA F. CLARK.
NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
Trustees:
The CHIEF JUSTICE of the UNITED STATES.
THE SECRETARY OF STATE.
The SECRETARY of the TREASURY.
The’ SEcRETARY of the SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
Davin K. EH. Bruce.
DUNCAN PHILLIPS.
S. PARKER GILBERT.
DoNALD D. SHEPARD.
ANDREW W. MELLON.
NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS
Acting Director.—RUvEL P. ToLMAN.
FREER GALLERY OF ART
Curator.—JOHN HELLERTON LODGE.
Associate curator—CarRL WHITING BISHOP.
Assistant curator —GRack DUNHAM GUEST.
Assistant.— ARCHIBALD G. WENLEY.
Superintendent.—JoHN BUNDY.
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
Chief—MATTHEW W. STIRLING.
Hihnologisits—JOHN P. HARRINGTON, JOHN N. B. HEWITT, TRUMAN MICHELSON,
JOHN R. SWANTON, WILLIAM D. STRONG.
Archeologist.—KFKRANK H. H. RoBErtTs, Jr.
Associate anthropologist JULIAN H. STEWARD.
Editor.—STANLEY SEARLES.
Librarian.—Miriam B. KETCHUM.
Tllustrator.—EpDWwINn G. CASSEDY.
INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGES
Secretary (in charge).—CHARLES G. ABBOT.
Chief clerk.—CoAtEs W. SHOEMAKER.
NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK
Director.—WILLIAM M. MANN.
Assistant director—ERNEST P. WALKER.
ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY
Director —CHARLES G. ABBOT.
Assistant director.—LoyaAL B. ALDRICH.
Research assistant. FREDERICK H. Fow es, Jr.
Associate research assistant.—WILLIAM H. Hoover.
DIVISION OF RADIATION AND ORGANISMS
Director.—CHARLES G. ABBOT.
Assistant director.—HARL S. JOHNSTON.
Associate research assistant——HpwarD D. MCALISTER.
Assistant in radiation research.—LELAND B. CLARK.
Research associate.—FELORENCE HE. METER.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
Cc. G. ABBOT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1937
To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution.
GENTLEMEN: I have the honor to submit herewith my report show-
ing the activities and condition of the Smithsonian Institution and
the Government bureaus under its administrative charge during the
fiscal year ended June 30, 1937. The first 24 pages contain a sum-
mary account of the affairs of the Institution, and appendixes 1 to
10 give more detailed reports of the operations of the National Mu-
seum, the National Collection of Fine Arts, the Freer Gallery of
Art, the Bureau of American Ethnology, the International Ex-
changes, the National Zoological Park, the Astrophysical Observa-
tory, the Division of Radiation and Organisms, the Smithsonian.
library, and of the publications issued under the direction of the
Institution. On page 117 is the financial report of the executive com-
mittee of the Board of Regents.
OUTSTANDING EVENTS
The most notable event of the year was the establishment of the
new National Gallery of Art as a bureau of the Smithsonian Insti-
tution, the result of the munificent gift by Andrew W. Mellon of
bis great art collection and funds exceeding $10,000,000 for the con-
struction of a suitable gallery building.
The equipment of the National Zoological Park was greatly im-
proved by the completion, under a P. W. A. grant, of three new
exhibition buildings, a machine shop, a garage, and new heating
and electric installations. Dr. W. M. Mann, Director of the Zoo,
headed the National Geographic Society-Smithsonian Institution Ex-
pedition to Sumatra for the purpose of obtaining specimens of the
interesting animals of that region for the National Zoo. The ex-
pedition was still in the field at the close of the year, but reports in-
dicate a highly successful trip.
In the Division of Radiation and Organisms, notable advances
have been made in the studies of photosynthesis, phototropism, and
the reactions of ultraviolet rays on plant growth.
1
Y ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
The Smithsonian radio program, a weekly half-hour dramatiza-
tion of the Institution’s researches and exhibits, put on the air
through the cooperation of the Office of Education and the National
Broadcasting Co., continued throughout the year with undiminished
popularity. The little magazine issued in conjunction with the
broadcasts, presenting popular articles and reading lists on the sub-
jects treated, had reached a circulation of 150,000 foe the June issue.
SUMMARY OF THE YHAR’S ACTIVITIES OF THE BRANCHES OF THE
INSTITUTION
National Museum.—The total appropriation for the maintenance
of the Museum was $763,970, an actual increase of $28,298 over the
previous year. Specimens added to the collections, mainly as gifts
or through Smithsonian expeditions, numbered 361,951. It is diffi-
cult to select the outstanding accessions among this great amount of
valuable material, but the following may be mentioned as examples
of the interest of the year’s additions: In anthropology, a valuable
collection of skeletal material resulting from Dr. Hrdlicka’s archeo-
logical excavations in Alaska; in biology, welcome specimens of the
little-known fauna of Siam, including 1,100 birds, 800 fishes, as well
as mammals, insects, and other forms; in geology, specimens repre-
senting 29 distinct meteoric falls, obtained through the Roebling
fund, bringing the number of falls represented in the Museum to 635;
in arts and industries, the gondola of the successful stratosphere bal-
loon L'xplorer IT, presented by the National Geographic Society. A
number of expeditions went out during the year in the interests of the
Museum’s researches in anthropology, biology, and geology. These
were financed mainly by Smithsonian private funds or by the assist-
ance of friends of the Museum. The number of visitors to the sev-
eral Museum buildings for the first time in its history exceeded
2,000,000, the actual number for the ee being 2,288,532. The Mu-
seum published an annual report, 2 bulletins, and 29 proceedings
separates.
National Collection of Fine Arts—The name of this bureau ae the
Tnstitution was changed by act of Congress on March 24, 1937, Be
“National Gallery of Art” to “National Collection of Fine ING, |
order that the former name might be assigned to the colleenanl of
fine arts and the building to house it given by Andrew W. Mellon
to the Nation. The sixteenth annual meeting of the National
Gallery of Art Commission was held on December 8, 1936. Dr.
George Harold Edgell was nominated as a member of the Commis-
sion to succeed Joseph H. Gest, deceased. A number of portraits
and other art works were accepted by the Commission for the Gallery,
and two paintings purchased by the council of the National Academy
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 3
of Design from the fund provided by the Henry Ward Ranger
bequest were recalled and claimed, according to the terms of the
Ranger will. Two miniatures were acquired through the Catherine
Walden Myer fund. The Gallery held two special exhibitions, as
follows: Paintings and etchings by Thomas Moran, installed in the
lobby of the Natural History Building on the one hundredth anni-
versary of the painter’s birth; and the exhibition of the Second
Annual Metropolitan State Art Contest, 1937, including 305 prints,
paintings, and pieces of sculpture, by 148 artists.
Freer Gallery of Art—The year’s additions to the collection in-
clude a bronze Cambodian Buddha, a bronze Chinese ceremonial ves-
sel, and three early Chinese mirrors; three Armenian volumes of the
fourteenth and seventeenth centuries—the Gospel, a psalter, and a
hymnal; a thirteenth century New Testament in Aramaic; Arabic
volumes and paper and parchment leaves from several Arabic manu-
scripts of various periods from the ninth to the seventeenth cen-
turies; a sixteenth century Persian volume and 3 leaves from a Per-
sian manuscript of the same period; 1 Chinese, 4 Indian, and 11
Persian paintings; and in pottery 1 Chinese cup holder and 2 Chinese
vases, a Persian bowl, and 2 Syrian pitchers. Curatorial work was
devoted to the study of Chinese, Tibetan, Japanese, Aramaic, Ar-
menian, Arabic, Persian, East Indian, and Cambodian objects in the
collection and of the texts and seals associated with them. During
the year 810 objects and 286 photographs of objects were submitted
to the curator for opinion as to provenance, age, quality, or other sig-
nificance, and 31 inscriptions for translation. Visitors totaled 140,881,
and 10 groups were given docent service. Three illustrated talks
were given by members of the Gallery staff before three local
organizations.
Bureau of American Ethnology.—The researches of the Bureau
covered a wide variety of archeological and ethnological studies of
the Indians of North, South, and Central America. Mr. Stirling,
Chief of the Bureau, completed his ethnological report on the Jivaro
Indians of Ecuador, and examined a number of mounds in Georgia
and Florida. Dr. Swanton, as chairman of the United States De
Soto Expedition Commission, made two field trips through that part
of the South crossed by De Soto’s route; he later completed a 600-
page report, which was submitted by the Commission to Congress.
Dr. Michelson continued his ethnological researches among the Algon-
quian tribes of James and Hudson Bays, Canada. Dr. Harrington
prepared papers on ethnological and linguistic subjects relating
to a number of tribes including the Karuk, Kiowa, Navajo, Apache,
Hopi, and Shoshonean; he also completed a report on the Siberian
origin of the American Indian. Dr. Roberts continued his archeo-
4 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
logical excavations at the Lindenmeier site in Colorado, adding im-
portant material to that which he had already discovered relating
to Folsom man. In March 1937 he represented the United States
at the International Conference of Archeologists at Cairo, Egypt.
Dr. Strong devoted the year to completing the report on his archeo-
logical expedition of the previous year to Honduras. Dr. Steward
continued ethnological studies of the Shoshonean tribes of the Great
Basin and Plateau areas. Mr. Hewitt continued his researches on
the League of the Iroquois. The Bureau published its annual report
and one bulletin.
International exchanges.—Since the conclusion at Brussels in 1886
of two exchange conventions between the United States and a number
of other countries, the Smithsonian Institution has been charged by
Congress with the important duty of carrying on the exchange
with other countries of governmental and scientific documents on
behalf of the United States. During the year the exchange service
handled a total of 657,346 packages weighing 651,461 pounds. The
number of full and partial sets of governmental publications for-
warded abroad is now 111, and 105 copies of the Congressional Rec-
ord and the Federal Register are sent to other countries in exchange
for their parliamentary journals. Four new depositories in Swit-
zerland were added to the interparliamentary exchange list, and
one in Germany, the Bibliothek des Preussischen Landtags, Berlin,
was discontinued, as the Lantags was abolished.
National Zoological Park.—The fiscal year 1937 was outstanding
in the history of the Zoo. The construction under the P. W. A. grant
of $892,920 of five new buildings was completed. Under this same
grant, three 250-horsepower down-draft boilers were installed in the
central heating plant, the conduit system was extended to two mam-
mal houses, and the electric supply distribution system was rear-
ranged. An expedition headed by Dr. William M. Mann, Director
of the Zoo, and financed by the National Geographic Society left
Washington jn January to collect animals in the Far East for the
Zoo. They took with them 28 animals which were intended for zoos
in the regions visited. The expedition is expected to return to
Washington in October with a large collection of rare animals, ad-
vance reports indicating that the trip has been a very successful one.
Accessions of animals during the year numbered 1,067. Losses by
death and otherwise totaled 916, leaving the collection at the close of
the year at 2.342 animals, representing 701 different species. Visitors
numbered 2.435,520, including groups from 638 schools and organiza-
tions from 20 States and the District of Columbia.
Astrophysical Observatory.—Measurements of the solar constant of
radiation have been continued on all favorable days (amounting to
about 80 percent of all days) at the three Smithsonian observing sta-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 5
tions at Table Mountain, Calif.; Montezuma, Chile; and Mount St.
Katherine, Egypt. A flaw was discovered in the “short method”
reduction of observations, used since 1923, making it necessary to de-
vise a new method. After this was done, the field observers remeas-
ured the photographic records of observation since that date, and
great progress has been made by an augmented computing staff at
Washington in recomputing by the new method all observations since
1923. A solar radiation steam boiler (pl. 7) was prepared under the
direction of Dr. Abbot and successfully operated in September
1936. Dr. Abbot later devised a small solar flash boiler which em-
bodies many improvements and which holds much promise of prac-
tical application in the future. Frederick E. Fowle, a member of
the staff of the Astrophysical Observatory since 1894, was retired for
disability at the close of the fiscal year.
Division of Radiation and Organisms.—The staff of the Division
obtained important results from studies on the following subjects : the
normal growth of tomatoes under laboratory conditions; photosyn-
thesis in wheat; perfection of a spectral absorption method of meas-
uring carbon dioxide concentration in air; time relations in photo-
synthesis; the efficiency of different wave lengths of light to promote
germination in light-sensitive lettuce seed; the inactivation of plant
growth substance by light; and the stimulation of multiplication in
algae by minute dosage of ultraviolet rays known to be lethal in
doses of sufficient intensity. Four papers describing the investiga-
tions of the staff were published during the year in the Smithsonian
Miscellaneous Collections, and others were in preparation.
THE ESTABLISHMENT
The Smithsonian Institution was created by act of Congress in
1846, according to the terms of the will of James Smithson, of
England, who in 1826 bequeathed his property to the United States
of America “to found at Washington, under the name of the Smith-
sonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and diffusion
of knowledge among men.” In receiving the property and accepting
the trust, Congress determined that the Federal Government was
without authority to administer the trust directly, and, therefore,
constituted an “establishment” whose statutory members are “the
President, the Vice President, the Chief Justice, and the heads of the
executive departments.”
THE BOARD OF REGENTS
The law establishing the Institution specifies that the three Senator
Regents shall serve during the term for which they shall hold,
without reelection, their office as Senators, and the three Members of
6 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
the Senate on the Board of Regents, Joseph T. Robinson, of Arkan-
sas; M. M. Logan, of Kentucky; and Charles L. McNary, of Oregon,
having been reelected to the Senate for a new term beginning Janu-
ary 8, 1937, the Vice President on January 6, 1937, Heap pointe’ them
to succeed Shanneellras on the Board of Regents. .
The roll of Regents at the close of the year was as follows: Charles
Evans Hughes, Chief Justice of the United States, Chancellor;
John N. Garner, Vice President of the United States; members from
the Senate—Joseph T. Robinson, M. M. Logan, Charles L. McNary ;)
members from the House of Representatives—T. Alan Goldsborough,
Clarence Cannon, Charles L. Gifford; citizen members—Frederic A.
Delano, Washington, D. C.; John C. Merriam, Washington, D. C.;
R. Walton Moore, Virginia; Robert W. Bingham, Kentucky; Augus-
tus P. Loring, Massachusetts; Roland S. Morris, Pennsylvania.
Proceedings.—The annual meeting of the Board of Regents was
held on January 14, 1937. The Regents present were Chief Justice
Charles Evans Hughes, Chancellor; John N. Garner, Vice President
of the United States; Senators Joseph T. Robinson and M. M. Logan;
Representatives T. Alan Goldsborough, Charles L. Gifford, and
Clarence Cannon; citizen Regents Frederic A. Delano and R. Walvon:
Moore; and the Seeretar y, Dr. Charles G. Abbot.
The iSece tat presented his annual report, detailing the pee nities!
of the several Government branches and of the parent institution
during the year, and Mr. Delano presented the report of the execu-
tive committee, covering financial statistics of the Institution. ‘The:
Secretary also presented the annual report of the National Gallery
of Art Commission.
In heu of his usual special report the Secretary presented to the
Regents a brief review of the principal achievements of the Smith-
sonian Institution during the 10 years since the death of Secretary
Walcott in 1927. In accordance with the wishes of the Regents, this
résumé has been printed in pamphlet form.
The Regents also adopted resolutions approving in principle the.
proposed gift of the Hon, Andrew W. Mellon of a collection of
masterpieces of painting and sculpture, and of a gallery to house.
them. This matter is treated in detail on pages 7-17 of this report...
Tn addition to the annual meeting, there was a special meeting of
the Board of Regents on June 24, 1937, at which the following
Regents were present: Senators Joseph T. Robinson and M. M.
oe an; Representatives T. Alan Goldsborough and Clarence Cannon;
citizen ‘Regent Roland §$. Morris; and the Secretary, Dr. Charles G.
Abbot. This meeting was called to take action on matters connected
with the above-mentioned offer by the Hon. Andrew W. Mellon, of
which full details will be found on pages 7-17.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 1G
FINANCES
A statement will be found in the report of the executive committee,
page 117.
MATTERS OF GENERAL INTEREST
ANDREW W. MELLON’S ART GIFT TO THE NATION
Probably the greatest impetus ever given to the development of art
in the Nation’s Capital and in the Nation itself will result from
Andrew W. Mellon’s munificent gift to the American people of his
unexcelled art collection, a $10,000,000 building to exhibit it, and
an endowment fund to pay the salaries of the directing officials and
for the acquisition of additional art works. The proposal was made
by Mr. Mellon in a letter to President Roosevelt dated December 22,
1936, which began as follows:
Over a period of many years I have been acquiring important and rare paint-
ings and sculpture with the idea that ultimately they would become the property
of the people of the United States and be made available to them in a national
art gallery to be maintained in the city of Washington for the purpose of
encouraging and developing a study of the fine arts.
* # * x * * *
In order to carry out this purpose, and with the approval of the othe: trus-
tees, I wish to propose a plan to give the art collection which I have brought
together to the Smithsonian Institution or to the United States Government for
the benefit of the people of this country, and also to erect or cause to be erected
on public land a suitable building for a national gallery of art, the design and
materials of which shall be subject to the approval of the Fine Arts Commission.
Following an exchange of correspondence with the President, Mr.
Mellon made his formal offer in a letter dated December 31, 1936. In
consultation with representatives of the Department of Justice and
the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution a bill was prepared by
representatives of Mr. Mellon as House Joint Resolution 217 covering
the matter, After hearings, the resolution was agreed to by Congress
and approved by the President on March 24, 1937. The full text of
the resolution follows:
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That the area bounded by Seventh Street, Con-
stitution Avenue, Fourth Street, and North Mall Drive, Northwest, in the Dis-
trict of Columbia, is hereby appropriated to the Smithsonian Institution as a
site for a National Gallery of Art. The Smithsonian Institution is authorized
to permit the A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust (hereinafter re-
ferred to as the donor) to construct on said site for the Smithsonian Institution
a building to be designated the National Gallery of Art, and to remove any exist-
ing structure and landscape the grounds within said area. The adjoining area
bounded by Fourth Street, Pennsylvania Avenue, Third Street, and North Mall
Drive, Northwest, in the District of Columbia, is hereby reserved as a site for
22606—37--—2
8 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
future additions to the National Gallery of Art. The project shall be in ac-
cordance with plans and specifications approved by the Commission of Fine Arts.
Sec. 2. (a) There is hereby established in the Smithsonian Institution a bu-
reau, which shall be directed by a board to be known as the Trustees of the
National Gallery of Art, whose duty it shall be to maintain and administer the
National Gallery of Art and site thereof and to execute such other functions as
are vested in the board by this Act. The board shall be composed as follows:
The Chief Justice of the United States, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of
the Treasury, and the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, ex officio; and
five general trustees who shall be citizens of the United States, to be chosen as
hereinafter provided. No officer or employee of the Federal Government skall
be eligible to be chosen as a general trustee.
(b) The general trustees first taking office shall be chosen by the Board of
Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, subject to the approval of the donor,
and shall have terms expiring one each on July 1 of 1939, 1941, 1943, 1945, and
1947, as designated by the Board of Regents. A successor shall be chosen by
a majority vote of the general trustees and shall have a term expiring ten years
from the date of the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was
chosen, except that a successor chosen to fill a vacancy occurring pricr to the
expiration of such term shall be chosen only for the remainder of such term.
Sec. 8. Upon completion of the National Gallery of Art, the board shall accept
for the Smithsonian Institution as a gift from the donor a collection ef works
of art which shall be housed and exhibited in the National Gallery of Art.
Sec. 4. (a) The faith of the United States is pledged that, on completion of
the National Gallery of Art by the donor in accordance with the terms of this
Act and the acquisition from the donor of the collection of works of art, the
United States will provide such funds ag may be necessary for the upkeep of
the National Gallery of Art and the administrative expenses and costs of opera-
tion thereof, including the protection and care of works of art acquired by the
board, so that the National Gallery of Art shall be at all times properly main-
tained and the works of art contained therein shall be exhibited regularly to the
general public free of charge. For these purposes there are hereby authorized to
be appropriated such sums as may be necessary.
(db) The board is authorized to accept for the Smithsonian Institution and to
hold and administer gifts, bequests, or devises of money, securities, or other
property of whatsoever character for the benefit of the National Gallery of Art.
Unless otherwise restricted by the terms of the gift, bequest, or devise, the board
is authorized to sell or exchange and to invest or reinvest in such investments
as it may determine from time to time the moneys, securities, or other property
composing trust funds given, bequeathed, or devised to or for the benefit of the
National Gallery of Art. The income as and when collected shall be placed in
such depositaries as the board shall determine and shall be subject to expendi-
ture by the board.
(c) The board shall appoint and fix the compensation and duties of a director,
an assistant director, a secretary, and a chief curator of the National Gallery of
Art, and of such other officers and employees of the National Gallery of Art as
may be necessary for the eflicient administration of the functions of the board.
Such director, assistant director, secretary, and chief curator shall be compen-
sated from trust funds available to the board for the purpose, and their appoint-
ment and salaries shall not be subject to the civil-service laws or the Classifica-
tion Act of 1923, as amended. The director, assistant director, secretary, and
chief curator shall be well qualified by experience and training to perform the
REPORT OF THH SHCRETARY 9
duties of their office and the original appointment to each such office shall be
subject to the approval of the donor.
(d) The actions of the board, including any payment made or directed to be
made by it from any trust funds, shall not be subject to review by any officer or
agency other than a court of law.
Sec. 5. (a) The board is authorized to adopt an official seal which shall be
judicially noticed and to make such bylaws, rules, and regulations, as it deems
necessary for the administration of its functions under this Act, including,
among other matters, bylaws, rules, and regulations relating to the acquisition,
exhibition, and loan of works of art, the administration of its trust funds, and
the organization and procedure of the board. The board may function notwith-
standing vacancies, and three members of the board shall constitute a quorum
for the transaction of business.
(bd) In order that the collection of the National Gallery of Art shall always
be maintained at a high standard and in order to prevent the introduction therein
of inferior works of art, no work of art shall be included in the permanent col-
lection of the National Gallery of Art unless it be of similar high standard of
quality to those in the collection acquired from the donor.
(ec) The board shall have all the usual powers and obligations of a trustee in
respect of all trust funds administered by it and all works of art acquired by it.
(d) The board shall submit to the Smithsonian Institution an annual report of
its operations under this Act, including a detailed statement of all acquisitions
and loans of works of art and of all public and private moneys received and
disbursed.
Sec. 6. (a) The Commissioners of the District of Columbia are hereby author-
ized and directed to close Sixth Street, Northwest, within the boundaries of the
site for the National Gallery of Art. The National Capital Park and Planning
Commission shall determine the building lines and approve the plan of ap-
proaches for said gallery, and shall also make recommendations for the widen-
ing and adjustment of Third, Seventh, Ninth, and such other streets in the
vicinity as may be necessary and desirable to provide for the traffic which
would otherwise use Sixth Street.
(b) Section 10 of the Public Building Act, approved March 4, 1913 (37 Stat.
L., p. 881), relating to the George Washington Memorial Building, and all pro-
visions of law amendatory thereof, are hereby repealed.
(c) The existing bureau of the Smithsonian Institution now designated as a
national gallery of art shall hereafter be known as the National Collection of
Fine Arts.
(d) The fifth paragraph under the heading “Smithsonian Institution” in the
Independent Offices Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1924, approved Feb-
ruary 18, 1923 (42 Stat. L. 1235), relating to the erection of a national gallery
of art, is hereby repealed.
Approved, March 24, 1937.
At a special meeting of the Board of Regents of the Institution held
on June 24, 1937, there were submitted copies of a trust indenture
between the A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, the
Smithsonian Institution, and the trustees of the National Gallery
of Art. After consideration, the following resolution was adopted:
Resolved: That the trust indenture between the A. W. Mellon Educational
and Charitable Trust, the Smithsonian Institution and the trustees of the
National Gallery of Art, a draft whereof has been presented at this meeting,
10 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
and hereby is directed to be inserted in the minute book of the Regents im-
mediately following the minutes of this meeting, be, and hereby it is, approved,
and the Secretary of the Institution be, and hereby he is, authorized and di-
rected to execute such indenture, in triplicate, in the name and under the corpo-
rate seal of this Institution, and upon its due execution and by the other
parties thereto to make proper delivery thereof.
The full text of the trust indenture is as follows:
TRUST INDENTURE
Dated the 24th day of June 1937, and intended to be effective upon that date,
although executed by the parties hereto on various other dates, by, between, and
among
Andrew W. Mellon, Paul Mellon, Donald D. Shepard and David K. BH. Bruce,
as trustees of the A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, established
under and by virtue of a deed of trust of Andrew W. Mellon to said trustees,
dated December 30, 1930, parties of the first part, and hereinafter sometimes
referred to as the ‘Donor’ ;
Smithsonian Institution, an establishment created and existing under and by
virtue of an act of the Congress of the United States of America, approved
August 10, 1846, party of the second part, and heréinafter referred to as the.
“Institution”; and ;
The trustees of the National Gallery of Art, constituted under and by virtue
of a Joint Resolution of the Congress of the United States, entitled “Joint
Resolution providing for the Construction and Maintenance of a National Gal-
lery of Art,” approved March 24, 1937, parties of the third part, and hereinafter
sometimes referred to as the “Trustees,” t
Whereas in December 1936, by correspondence between the President of the
United States of America and Andrew W. Mellon, the donor proposed to give a
collection of works of art for the benefit of the people of the United States of
America and to cause to be erected on public land a suitable building in which
to house and exhibit such collection, copies of such correspondence being here-
unto attached and made part hereof; and
Whereas by said joint resolution of the Congress, there was established a
bureau in the Institution to be directed by the trustees, and provision was made
for the construction of said building, the acceptance of a collection of works of
art as a gift from the donor and the exhibition thereof and of other appropriate
works of art in said building, and the administration by the trustees of said
building, the site and contents thereof, and all matters and affairs that pertain
to the use thereof for the public benefit; and }
Whereas it is now desired to consummate the gift of said building and said
collecticn of works of art and to specify more particularly the terms and con-
ditions upon which said gift is made by the donor and accepted by the
Institution and the trustees, and
Whereas by said correspondence, one of the conditions of the gift was that
the upkeep of the gallery building and other administrative expenses and costs
of operation and functioning of the gallery would be provided for annually in
appropriations to be made by Congress; and by said joint resolution, the faith of
the United States was pledged that it would provide such funds as would be
necessary for the upkeep of the gallery and the administrative expenses and
costs of operation thereof, including the protection and care of works of art
acquired by the trustees;
Now, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH :
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 11
ERECTION OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
In accordance with the provisions of said joint resolution of the Congress,
the Institution hereby permits the donor to construct, and the donor hereby
agrees to construct for the Institution, a building to be designated and herein-
after referred to as the “National Gallery of Art” upon the area bounded by
Seventh Street, Constitution Avenue, Fourth Street, and North Mall Drive,
N. W., in the District of Columbia (being the site appropriated to the Institu-
tion by said joint resolution), and to remove any existing structure and to land-
scape the grounds within said area, all in accordance with plans and specifica-
tions approved by the Commission of Fine Arts. The building line and plans of
approaches for said building shall be approved by the National Capital Park
and Planning Commission. The donor, in its uncontrolled discretion but at its
sole expense, Shall engage such architects, contractors, builders, and others, and
shall take or cause to be taken any and every other action necessary or ad-
visable in connection with the construction, completion, equipment, and furnish-
ing of said building, and the landscaping of said area upon which it is erected.
The donor shall pay all costs and expenses in connection with, or incident to,
said project. In no event and under no circumstances shall the Institution or
the trustees be responsible or liable for any part of such cost or expense, and
the donor shall indemnify and save harmless the Institution and the trustees
from any and every liability whatsoever with reference to anything done or
omitted to be done in connection with the carrying out of said project or any
part thereof. The Institution and the trustees are expressly relieved of any
responsibility or duty pertaining to said project, and the entire and exclusive
jurisdiction and responsibility thereover and with regard thereto are imposed
upon and vested in the donor. Said project shall be commenced as soon after
the execution and delivery hereof as, in the judgment of the donor, the necessary
plans, specifications, and arrangements can be made and effected, and will be
proceeded with as expeditiously as, in the judgment of the donor, the execution
of the work can properly be effected, but as the building is of monumental char-
acter and is intended to have outstanding architectural merit, it is agreed that
undue haste is not desirable, and no time for the final completion of the project
ean be fixed. As and when said project shall be finally completed by the con-
struction, equipment, and furnishing of said building and the landscaping of
said area in accordance with said plans and specifications, the donor will give
written notice thereof to the Institution and the trustees and thereupon, with-
out further action by any of the parties hereto, the legal title to said building
shall be deemed to be vested in the Institution, but the maintenance and ad-
ministration of said building and of the site shall be vested exclusively in, and
shall be the sole obligation and duty of, the trustees as a separate bureau of
the Institution, and distinct from the other activities of the Institution, which
are under the management of its Board of Regents.
II
NAME OF GALLERY
Said gallery shall be known and designated perpetually as the ‘National
Gallery of Art”, to which the entire public shall forever have access, subject
only to reasonable regulations from time to time established by the trustees.
i ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
III
GIFT OF COLLECTIONS OF WORKS. OF ART
The donor hereby gives to the Institution and the trustees, and they hereby
accept from the donor, in trust, however, for the uses and purposes and subject
to the provisions and conditions hereinafter expressed, the collection of works
of art listed in the schedule hereto attached, made part hereof and marked
“Hxhibit 1.”
IV
CUSTODY OF COLLECTION PENDING COMPLETION OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
Pending the completion of the National Gallery of Art, said collection of works
of art shall remain in the custody of the donor. During such period of custody,
the donor will care for all said works of art, and will keep the same insured in
favor of the Institution and the trustees, as their respective interests may appear,
against loss or damage by fire, theft, or burglary, in such amounts and with
such parties as the donor, in its discretion, may determine, if and to the extent
that such insurance may be obtainable. The donor shall pay all costs, premiums,
and other charges incident to such care and insurance. Upon the completion of
the National Gallery of Art, said collection shall be delivered to the trustees and
thereafter shall remain under their exclusive control.
Vv
PASSAGE OF TITLE AND RESPECTIVE FUNCTIONS OF INSTITUTION AND OF TRUSTEES
Forthwith upon the execution and delivery hereof, the title to said collection
of works of art shall pass to and be vested in the Institution. While it is the
intention that the title to said works of art shall be forever vested in the Insti-
tution, yet it is also the intention of the parties hereto, and this gift is made
upon the express understanding, agreement, and trust, that from and after the
completion of the National Gallery of Art, the actual custody, control, manage-
ment, and exhibition of said works of art, as well as of such other works of art
as, in accordance with the provisions of said joint resolution, from time to time
may be housed or exhibited in said National Gallery of Art, and all the details
pertaining thereto, shall be, and hereby are, delegated to and vested solely,
exclusively and forever in the trustees.
VI
DISPLAY OF COLLECTION
Subject to the subsequent provisions of this section VI, the said collection of
works of art shall always be kept in the National Gallery of Art, and none
thereof shall be removed from said building or from their settings therein except
for most cogent reasons therefor, such as repairs to said building or said works
of art, or temporary exhibition of some of such works of art elsewhere, and
then only with the prior approval of a majority of the entire membership of the
trustees. The works of art constituting said collection shall receive such care
and attention from time to time as shall be necessary for their preservation and
exhibition, shall always be exhibited in said National Gallery of Art in spacious
RHPORT OF THH SECRETARY 13
arrangement so that overcrowding will be avoided, and shall always be displayed
with dignity, in appropriate units, with suitable settings and with due regard
to their importance and quality.
While the parties hereto presently recognize that all the works of art con-
stituting said collection are of such high standard of quality that it is essen-
tial that such collection perpetually remain intact and be a part of the per-
manent collection on exhibition in the National Gallery of Art, and such is
the purport of this indenture, the donor at the same time recognizes the inad-
visability of perpetually foreclosing any discretion in the trustees in regard
to the disposition of any of the works of art constituting such collection and,
consequently, the donor authorizes and empowers the trustees, but only upon
the prior approval of not less than three-fourths of the entire membership of
the trustees, to exchange or otherwise dispose of any particular work of art
then a part of said collection, if in such exchange or by reason of such other
Gisposition the trustees are enabled to obtain for the Institution, to be and
become a part of the collection under this Indenture, some other work of art
which, in the judgment of the trustees, would be a highly desirable acquisition
to such collection. Furthermore, the donor recognizes that with the passing
of time it may come to be thought by at least three-fourths of the entire mem-
bership of the trustees that some particular work of art, then constituting a
part of said collection, has become unsuitable longer to remain as a part of
said collection, and therefore the donor provides that in the event that, in the
opinion of at least three-fourths of the entire membership of the trustees, any
particular work of art then a part of said collection is not in keeping with
said collection as a whole, the trustees are authorized and empowered to make
such disposition thereof as they, in their uncontrolled discretion, shall deem
advisable by sale, exchange, gift, loan, or otherwise.
VII
MAINTENANCH OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
The National Gallery of Art shall be the permanent home of the said collec-
tion of works of art hereby given by the donor. It shall be used exclusively for
the storage and exhibition of works of art and the administration of the affairs
of the trustees. In order that the collection of the National Gallery of Art
shall always be maintained at a high standard and to prevent the introduction
therein of inferior works of art, no work of art shall be included in the per-
manent collection of the National Gallery of Art unless it be of similar high
standard of quality to those in the collection hereby given by the donor. The
building and the contents and operations thereof shall at all times remain in
the exclusive jurisdiction and control of the trustees in accordance with such
by-laws, rules, and regulations as they from time to time shall prescribe.
It is an express condition of the trust of said collection of works of art,
hereby created, that the faith of the United States is pledged that, on comple-
tion of the National Gallery of Art by the donor in accordance with the terms
of said joint resolution and the acquisition from the donor of the collection of
works of art, the United States will provide such funds as may be necessary
for the upkeep of the National Gallery of Art and the administrative expenses
and costs of operation thereof, including the protection and care of works of art
acquired by the Board, so that the National Gallery of Art shall be at all times
properly maintained and the works of art contained therein shall be exhibited
regularly to the general public free of charge.
14 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Vili
THE TRUSTEES
The trustees shall always be not less than nine persons, of whom a minority,
to be known as ex-officio trustees, shall be officers of the United States or of
the Institution, ex-officio, and of whom a majority to be known as general
trustees, shall be citizens of the United States, none of whom at the time of
his or her election to the office of general trustee shall be an officer or employee
of the United States of America. Any vacancy in the office of general trustee
by reason of the expiration of the term, death, or resignation of the incumbent,
or otherwise howsoever, shall be filled by the election of a competent person
by a majority of the remaining general trustees.
IX
ALTERATION OR MODIFICATION OF THIS INDENTURE
(a) During the existence of the donor
At any time and from time to time hereafter, with ‘the: consent of the Insti-
tution, the trustees, and the donor, this trust indenture may be altered, modified,
cr supplemented in any respect whatever, as the parties hereto may deem
advisable or necessary, which shall not be inconsistent with the general pur-
pose and scope of this trust indenture and of the said joint resolution.
(bo) After the termination of the donor
While this trust indenture is entered into by the parties hereto with the
intention, and it is the purport hereof, that the trust hereby created shall
be administered strictly in accordance with the terms, provisions, and eon-
ditions of this indenture and of said joint resolution, the parties hereto recognize
that with the passing of time and changed conditions, some of such terms,
provisions, or conditions may become inconvenient or impossible of observance
or the observance thereof may become detrimental to the primary purpose of
the donor that the National Gallery of Art and the contents thereof, including
the donor’s collection of works of art, shall at all times be available for the
benefit and enjoyment of the public, or situations or conditions, not now thought
of or inadequately provided for in this indenture, may arise and the proper
administration of this trust may require such conditions or situations to be
properly and practically dealt with, and consequently, the parties hereto agree
and expressly provide that if at any time and from time to time, but only!
after the termination of the A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust by
the terms of the deed of trust creating such trust or otherwise, three-fourths
of the entire membership of the trustees and three-fourths of the entire num-
ber of the regents or other duly constituted governing body of the Institu-
tion shall be of the opinion that in order properly to administer the National
Gallery of Art and the site and contents thereof in the interest and for the
benefit of the public, this indenture of trust should be altered, modified, or
amended as respects any of its terms, provisions, or conditions, or should be
supplemented so as adequately to provide for new conditions or situations,
then and in every such event the trustees, with the approval of at least three-
fourths of the entire membership of the trustees, and the Institution, pursuant
to approval of at least three-fourths of its Board of Regents or other duly con-
stituted authority, shall have the right, power, and authority, by supplemental
indenture, to effect any such alteration, modification, or amendment hereof, or
supplement hereto, provided however, that no alteration, modification, or amend-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 15
ment of this trust indenture, or any supplement thereof, shall be made which
shall be in violation of the provisions of said joint resolution or of any future
act of Congress relating to the National Gallery of Art; and provided further,
that in no event and under no circumstance shall this trust indenture be
altered, modified, amended, or supplemented as respects the provisions of article
VIII hereof, it being the intention and one of the express conditions of the
gift hereby made by the donor that the trust hereby created shall perpetually
be administered by trustees constituted in accordance with the provisions of
article VIII hereof.
For the purpose of this section IX, the A. W. Mellon Educational and Char-
itable Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been terminated if three-
fourths of the entire membership of the trustees, after such careful inquiry
as they shall deem to be sufficient, shall be of the opinion that such trust no
longer continues to exist.
In witness whereof, The A. W. Mellon Hducational and Charitable Trust has
eaused this indenture of trust to be executed by the hands and seals of the
trustees thereof; the Smithsonian Institution, pursuant to a resolution duly
adopted by its Board of Regents, has caused this indenture of trust to be
signed and its official seal to be hereunto affixed by its secretary; and the
trustees of the National Gallery of Art have caused this indenture of trust to be
executed by the hands and seals of the trustees, all as of the day and year
first above written.
THe A. W. MELLON EpUCcATIONAL
AND CHARITABLE TRUST,
By (Signed) ANDREW W. MELLON,
(Signed) Paut MELton,
(Signed) Donatp D. SHEPARD,
(Signed) Davin K. EH. Bruce,
Trustees thereof.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,
[SEAL] By (Signed) C. G. Assot, Secretary.
NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART,
By (Signed) CHARLES EvANS HUGHES,
(Signed) CorpELL Hutt,
(Signed) HrnrY MorGENTHAU, JR.,
(Signed) C. G. ABBOT,
(Signed) A. W. MELLON,
(Signed) Davin K. E. Bruce,
(Signed) DUNCAN PHILLIPS,
(Signed) S. PARKER GILBERT,
(Signed) DonaxLp D. SHEPARD,
Trustees thereof.
At the same meeting of the Board of Regents the following gentie-
men were appointed as general trustees of the National Gallery of
Art:
Mr. Donald D. Shepard, for the term expiring July 1, 1939;
Mr. S. Parker Gilbert, for the term expiring July 1, 1941;
Mr. Duncan Phillips, for the term expiring July 1, 1943;
Mr. David K. E. Bruce, for the term expiring July 1, 1945;
Mr. A. W. Mellon, for the term expiring July 1, 1947.
16 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Following this final step in the consummation of Mr. Mellon’s gift
to the Nation, work was started promptly on the preparation of the
site. The architect selected for the building by Mr. Mellon was John
Russell Pope, the architect for many art galleries, museums, and pub-
lic buildings here and abroad, including the National Archives Build-
ing, Constitution Hall, the Masonic Temple, and others in Washing-
ton. According to Mr. Pope, the building will follow the finest tradi-
tions of American architecture and will be carefully scaled in pro-
portion with the surrounding buildings. Construcied of marble, the
gallery will be 829 feet long, about 350 feet wide at its greatest width,
with the central dome 150 feet high. Mr. Pope has assured that the
building will incorporate all the best features of the world’s art
galleries, and in certain respects will be in advance of any existing
gallery, notably in relation to hghting and in provision to lessen the
fatigue of visitors.
Regarding the collection itself, which will be installed in the build-
ing upon its completion and which will form the nucleus and estab-
lish the standard of excellence of the National Gallery of Art, the
following brief description was given before the House Committee
on the Library by Mr. David E. Finley:
Mr. Mellon has been making this collection for more than 40 years. It is not
large as regards the number of pictures. It contains something like a hundred
paintings by old masters. But practically all are important, for Mr. Mellon
has tried to buy not only paintings by the greatest masters, but also the best
examples of their work obtainable. As a result, everyone who sees the collec-
tion—and many of the greatest experts in this country and Europe have seen
it—is impressed with the exceptional quality of the pictures.
* * * * * * *
In range it covers all the important schools of western European painting.
The Italian school is particularly well represented by painters such as Raphael,
Perugino, Botticelli, Fra Angelico, Titian, Bellini, Antonella di Messina, and by
such rare and early masters as Cimabue, Masaccio, and Andrea del Castagno.
There is a Byzantine Madonna and Child, painted in Constantinople early in
the thirteenth century, which takes the collection back te the very source of
western art, and with the other paintings gives a historical sequence to the
ecllection that will prove very valuable to students.
The Flemish school is represented by most of its greatest painters, beginning
with the Annunciation by Jan van Hyck, and continuing through Petrus
Christus, Rogier van der Weyden, Memling, Gerard David, and ending with
two magnificent Rubens from the Hermitage Gallery and three Van Dycks,
including the exceptionally fine portrait, painted in Genoa, of the Marchesa
Balbi.
In the Dutch school there are several outstanding examples of Rembrandt
and Frans Hals and three Vermeers, as well as several Hobbemas, and works
by Terburg, Metsu, deHoogh, and so forth.
The Spanish paintings include three portraits by Velasquez, one of ‘Pope
Innocent X from the Hermitage, being particularly important. There are also
four Goyas and two El Grecos, while the German and French paintings include
such names as Holbein, Durer, and Chardin. The British school is quite
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY ty
largely represented by works of Gainsborough, Reynolds, Raeburn, Romney,
Lawrence, Hopner, Turner, and Constable.
In addition to these paintings, Mr. Mellon also acquired a number of por-
traits by important American painters, such as Gilbert Stuart, Copley, West,
Sully, and cthers. He bought also, in its entirety, the Clarke collection of
American portraits, containing some 175 paintings by practically all our earlier
well-known American painters. This was not done with the idea that these
should go into the National Gallery of Art, but rather that such as were
suitable and of general or-historic interest should form the nucleus of a
National Portrait Gallery, which should be entirely distinct from the art
gallery and would be housed, eventually at least, in its own building. A few
of the finest of these portraits, which have the greatest artistic merit, will
find their place in the art gallery and will form a fitting sequence tc the
British art of the eighteenth century represented in the collection.
There is just one other matter that I must mention. Mr. Mellon’s idea had
been originally that the gallery should be for paintings only. Then an oppor-
tunity came to buy the Dreyfus collection of Renaissance sculpture—a collection
that had been in the making in Paris for many years and included outstanding
works by such great artists as Donatello, Verroechio, Desiderio da Settignano,
Luca della Robbia, and others. Naturally, such an opportunity could not be
refused and he acquired these sculptures. He also bought two very important
large bronzes by Sansovino and a Mercury by Giovanni da Bologna, all of
which will find their place in the new gallery, either with the paintings or near
them.
This report covers only the year ending June 30, 1937, but to an-
ticipate slightly the next fiscal year, I must record here with pro-
found regret the death of Mr. Mellon on August 26, 1937, and of
Mr. Pope on August 27, 1937. It is indeed tragic that these two men
could not have lived to see the completion of this splendid project—
a remark which will be repeated by many of the millions of Ameri-
cans who in future years will enter the National Gallery of Art to
benefit from Mr. Mellon’s patriotic gift to the Nation.
PROPOSED SMITHSONIAN GALLERY OF ART
On March 15, 1937, a joint resolution was introduced in the House
of Representatives by Mr. Keller of Illinois to establish a Smith-
sonian Gallery of Art for the proper housing and display of the
national collections of fine arts. These collections have been in the
custody of the Smithsonian Institution for many years, and since
1920 have been administered by the Institution as a Government bu-
reau officially designated the National Gallery of Art. Lacking a
building for their public exhibition, these valuable art collections
have been shown in the Natural History Building of the United
States National Museum. With the creation in 19387 of the new Na-
tional Gallery of Art as a result of the munificent gift of Andrew W.
Mellon, the Smithsonian gallery was officially renamed the National
Collection of Fine Arts. It is for the proper housing of this collec-
18 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
tion, now valued at approximately $10,000,000, that the present joint
resolution provides.
The resolution sets aside a tract of land on the Mall between
Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets and Constitution Avenue and North
Mall Drive; creates a Smithsonian Gallery of Art Commission to
make preliminary investigations and obtain designs for the building;
authorizes the appropriation of $4,800,000 for the building; author-
izes annual appropriations for the maintenance of the gallery; and
states the policy of the gallery as follows:
Sec. 7. It shall be the policy of the gallery to maintain a worthy standard for
the acceptance of art objects for exhibition in the Smithsonian Gallery of Art;
to foster by public exhibitions from time to time in Washington and other parts
of the United States a growing public appreciation of art both of past and con-
temporary time; and further, as funds are available, to encourage the de-
velopment of art by the purchase of worthy examples of contemporary or other
art works, and to invite the private donation of funds therefor.
Sec. 8. The Smithsonian Gallery of Art shall be under the adn of
the Regents and Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
The resolution did not pass the first session of the Seventy-fifth
Congress, but it is hoped that favorable action may be taken at the
next session.
For many years the Smithsonian Institution has urged the con-
struction of a suitable building for the housing and public exhibition
of the art collections belonging to the Nation. These collections
contain many works of art of high quality, mainly gifts from private
citizens, and there is no doubt that many more such gifts would be
made were proper exhibition space available. As much of the col-
lection as possible has been exhibited to the public in the halls of
the National Museum, but the available space there was not specifi-
cally designed for the display of art works, and in spite of being
overcrowded, the space is entirely inadequate, so that many things
which should be on exhibition are forced into storage. It is the
urgent hope of the Institution that the proposed Smithsonian Gallery
of Art may become a reality in the near future.
It will in no sense be a duplication of the newly received National
Gallery, for the National Gallery is restricted to classic painting
and sculpture, leaving the fields of National collections in contem-
porary art of all kinds, portraits, jewels, glass, tapestry, and other
kinds of art unprovided for. There is already a large national
collection of such objects, and every reason to expect great increase
if a suitable gallery were available.
SMITHSONIAN RADIO PROGRAM
The Smithsonian’s newest activity, its weekly radio broadcast in
cooperation with the United States Office of Education and the
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 19
National Broadcasting Co., has now operated for a full year. The
series, Known as “The World is Yours”, was initiated by the Office
of Education as part of the radio project of the Works Progress
Administration. Its purpose was to bring to the people of the United
States more of the wealth of knowledge and vitally interesting in-
formation on the earth and its inhabitants available in the labora-
tories and exhibit halls of the Smithsonian Institution. It was
further intended as a pioneering experiment in educational radio
to determine the most effective means of presenting to a Nation-wide
audience solid information in a form that would hold the listener’s
interest. Before listing the titles of the broadcasts and telling some-
thing of the success of the series, it may be of interest to describe
briefly the series itself.
The character of the series and the subjects to be covered were
worked out in collaboration between the radio experts of the Office
of Education and the Smithsonian’s editorial office. The basic re-
quirement was that each subject must be presented in dramatized
form. Radio lectures and dialogues have apparently failed to hold
the listener’s interest, but dramatic incidents well written and pro-
duced appeal to listeners of all age groups. The subjects to be
dramatized covered all phases of the Institution’s activities—science
in all its branches, art, invention, and history. About half of the
year’s broadcasts were on Smithsonian research activities, the other
half being based on the exhibits in the National Museum and the art
galleries under the Institution’s direction. The various subjects were
carefully planned to come around in fairly regular rotation, so that
those listeners with decided preferences for one or another feature
could count on hearing their favorite subjects if they listened
regularly.
The subject once selected for a particular broadcast, the Office of
Education’s expert script writers conferred with the Smithsonian
authority in that field. After preliminary research, they then pre-
pared the script, which was carefully checked by the Smithsonian.
The script then went to New York, where it was produced by the
National Broadcasting Co. in their Radio City studios by a selected
cast.
Beginning on June 7, 1936, the series covered up to June 30, 1937,
the following subjects:
1936
Se smmiGhsoniansandehamousy Exhuilloits eos ony yen eng unN June 7
Sclemuinic LE Xplorations apie ws ee Litas) ae eh aad We June 14
TPIS US)UNOWN ees el aS 212 0.6 Be VR RS MOE OR EOP oto R AC tg Girt PWR Th June 21
dite wAmmerican Imoiamieaenii! oh ae he ae Ll i wa June 28
Cosi @F Lachies OF tae WWleree Ilona. 2. no ee July 5
LEVEES OKC HE EN BUC ZU So A On OTP ae et IU cnn Greene A an July 12
Mie HE OI CS iamemererentn et me Smet eg ot Taye vey SWRI) aN ern ed NOM Ton aee July 19
20 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
1936
SSIne WMT ATSIC e sO EAT ee ie etl) led IS seh ae) aa eg Spe oe ee July 26
JAM Ea tS SAS A Na UN PC ea a Oe 8h Aug. 2
TRG SUS ct aga sa eS tote ke ea a eg A ae Aug. 9
MinerstonyoL VanwuneAmerican anus see ee ies tht te LES Aug. 16
Mextilessmaisent rk N01) cll i Pago yeah ee rE Ae Ee OO et ES See ae Aug. 23
IBTeEClOUSV STONES S seh fet el ke kl Bae ae Nee ye A ay | piel ate Aug. 30
Slat Vito clels 25242 ey cho ah aN Nig as Pl Cs ea a op ee Sept. 6
BES reco] Serpe apna oN ney PUN aT eA ebay ZO AI a Ye alc Sept. 13
Hiehtrcaviation)les en oar seeds se aes ee Vee ae ee ee Sept. 20
Sculptures as 8 OP OCW Ae OTe PON wee as IE POO as Sept. 27
TEs aySY ey H STE NOM cy PL lia a srg leg A pat op oy SU ayer cae Pe SR PA pr ey EMI EL 9 Oct. 4
Medicine meer sc ULE). Umrin Lind ure Sarina lina a a eal eee Oct. 11
ES OVO CANN, BT Kee ST NY Ee Oct. 18
Mgaclivatapks @ tr5@ gyros 2 eis See 2 Da a ea le Oct. 25
TED TR EAC aN oy el EAT Weta a te a a A ale ee Nov. 1
Marly viviamepony: ge Gr BIO Pee OR Oe. US OIE Ta ee ee ee Nov. 8
WihaitiswNiew ili Sclemce ns 2h linen iO ici seo apis Fue ay pee ie Nov. 15
Color and Life (radiation) _---_---- cb RAC EIU He cu RL A al a Nov. 22
Miursicalmlinstrumivents sae. cc Cee Le ek Na a ye eee Nov. 29
Cais ah ah i gee, eee a La ep a VSN MP OG A fs Dec. 6
J BOWES aN el Sd A Ue A ek a a AE EA NG ct a a Dec. 13
HreeruGaileryes cuba ke a ai pony Lorre ret Lava ey Se Ree a ee ee Dec. 20
ites StonyAOl Smith soma se) sly UAE Us er es eg Dec. 27
1937
MV eeasyexies ora Ghee Ned Sa ee Ee Re Nas SIG SS Jan. 3
TOC ks Be INU RBG SOR ST an NT un ES TEA Ee UNO Boogr MEE SUR Oe en ee Jan. 10
Brinbing Ce sees aso AINE TS COA UC OE RS CSA Jan. 17
Sbamaps wie ewercmre ie Loc Yak nei Oe pT eC Ue AD ce oa ee ae Jan. 24
Bir eS Ot yA Ca alee ade! eR i Rg a ea ke eae bla ba NE ane a A nat Jan. 31
(GOT La po a PS oe a eA IDO ONIN SUBS Sid Feb. 7
(Cilijoyayere Slaryays) Ho), Muloyokeren braver qs Mune Ua ee ee Feb. 14
(George Wiss lam eG Om Wee La USED SNe R CTAB Na COPE Ge tS Ses eee Feb. 21
AnmnalshinyArmorn(nolliisks) swt TOMS Ee ae ey Ru aia wea ee Feb. 28
oC gma play eee eee re ay el AS SS i RN Mar. 7
(CRE SISTISS ss Ea a SN a CP tN NU es Sa MD MR PNAS Mar. 14
J EADIE ob Kay eu Lia aS ila eho A a LA aloe A cee av INE ACUI) Mar. 21
Fleet Glariame aap ee und alieaIim ont OE IEEE SOUND SUR ade ye, at ocala Mar. 28
Harhy PAumenicampliavien Ors © ution ee evan na tetra ce NUAERCa ye eile BASE a eee Apr. 4
WISeSHOF Win ORs HHL ek Lee iy La hs DONE Eh NE PCO) NC ey Apr. 11
Scientifics Mxplora tions 2) seine SRA Ue al A elie feu ae Apr. 18
SHELONEAI1 CO) Bo Bye 0 eb a2 029 SRE STRONY EUAN RS SOL AB RAVE MTS, UML WEN ISIS Apr. 25
EESj11S Ta" @ ss tanta g ina mPOA CU SRN GER cape ge) NULL eee tena erage Cn RN May 2
Gellatly; Arti@ollectio rm iio. iin SEEN eS OE A i NNSA cee May 9
@opperY i. GUAR Sa) OER NL POS ARSC OUR QC ty ce A Na aR May 16
PPT GT Sal SUN AAA con i a ed NAL ear A NO a May 238
Movida ull ders i) se oie aii eu bal a MN OK i ue co i a a May 30
Communication 2 Me eT 2 aA ele pS eaatil Pat pe eae June 6
Mansfield*Dheatricali@ostumes. \ 2 5 2 as ei eas ap ne June 13
Subterranean Cavernsm eyo co sui: win Wasi Wve o Ne SASL) i neeee tO June 20
REPORT OF THE SHCRETARY 21
From the beginning the broadcasts were supplemented by brief
illustrated articles on the subjects covered, at first issued in mimeo-
graphed form, and from January on, printed as a small monthly
magazine. Copies were mailed by the Office of Education to those
who wrote in to request them, and the demand for the magazine
showed a steady increase, as follows:
1937: 1937:
SAUNT ATV ees aed a 2a ~ 35, 000 Py Oh gl) MAURO Meee see Mey LeeLee 100, 000
Kebruary. 220s) 50, 000 Vile Sen A a Rh 125, 000
MEET CHa) rye eS tastes 75, 000 cla aS) A a a A EU 150, 000
The success of the series is indicated by the enthusiastic approval
of the listeners as voiced in the more than 160,000 letters received.
This almost unanimous mail approval is believed to be unique among
sustaining programs and is very gratifying to both the Institution
and the Office of Education in justifying their efforts toward better
educational radio.
I wish again to express here the appreciation of the Institution to
the Office of Education and to the National Broadcasting Co. for
making available this unsurpassed means of carrying out the Smith-
sonian’s function, “the diffusion of knowledge among men.”
WALTER RATHBONE BACON TRAVELING SCHOLARSHIP
The Walter Rathbone Bacon Traveling Scholarship of the Smith-
sonian Institution was awarded in June 1935 to Dr. Richard E.
Blackwelder for studies of the Staphylinidae of the West Indies.
In 1935-36 Dr. Blackwelder collected specimens on the islands of
Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, St. Thomas, Guadeloupe, Trinidad,
Tobago, Grenada, Carriacou, St. Vincent, Barbados, St. Lucia, and
Dominica, as previously reported.
During the second year, to June 1937, collections were made on the
islands of Montserrat, Antigua, St. Kitts, and St. Croix, and return
visits were made to Puerto Rico and Jamaica. It was found to be
impracticable to revisit Hispaniola in spite of the importance of that
island in the series.
The collections obtained from the 21 months’ field work include
more than 45,000 staphylinids and 10,000 other Coleoptera. A con-
siderable part of this number were taken by the use of equipment for
mass collection which was used on St. Croix and Jamaica. (On the
latter island Dr. Blackwelder worked in conjunction with Dr. E. A.
Chapin for 5 weeks. The collections were made jointly.)
After finishing the collecting Dr. Blackwelder returned to Wash-
ington, where he prepared the staphylinid collections and sorted the
specimens to genera and species. A set containing each species found
was then prepared to be taken to England, where it will be compared
22, ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
with the types of West Indian and tropical American Staphylinidae
in the collections of the British Museum and Dr. Malcolm Cameron.
The extension of the award for a third year made possible the
additional 9 months of field work in 19386. Dr. Blackwelder plans
to visit Cuba for a week in the fall of 1937 to study the collection
of Staphylinidae of Alexander Bierig. The remainder of the year
will be occupied with the preparation of a revision of the 500 to 600
species collected or known from the islands.
SIXTH ARTHUR LECTURE
The sixth Arthur lecture, Discoveries from Solar Eclipse Expedi-
tions, by Samuel Alfred Mitchell, director of the Leander McCormick
Observatory, University of Virginia, was given in the auditorium of
the National Museum on the evening of February 9, 1937. Dr.
Mitchell, a leading authority on eclipses, has personally observed
nearly all the total solar eclipses of the present century. In his lec-
ture he touched upon the frequency of eclipses and their prediction,
facts learned from a study of the gorgeous corona which accompanies
a total eclipse, the use of eclipses in the verification of the relativity
theory, and many other interesting aspects of this grandest of natural
phenomena—an eclipse of the sun. The lecture will be published in
full with illustrations in the 1937 Smithsonian Report.
EXPLORATIONS AND FIELD WORK
Field expeditions play an important part in many of the Institu-
tion’s researches in biology, geology, anthropology, and astrophysics.
During the last calendar year 19 expeditions were in the field; the
regions visited included, besides 18 States in the United States, Green-
land, Alaska, Canada, the Bahamas, Honduras, Guatemala, England,
Germany, Holland, and Siam.
Secretary C. G. Abbot continued at Washington his work on per-
fecting an engine to convert the sun’s rays into power. Dr. R. S.
Bassler studied the geology of several classic European areas and
conducted researches on fossil echinoderms and corals in European
museums. E. P. Henderson collected epidote and other minerals in
southeastern Alaska. Dr. G. Arthur Cooper studied and collected
fossils from the Devonian beds of the midwestern United States.
Dr. C. Lewis Gazin conducted a successful search for fossil mammals
in New Mexico and: Arizona. Dr. Alexander Wetmore studied and
collected the birds of the Guatemalan highlands. Watson M. Perrygo
and Carleton Lingebach collected birds and mammals in an area-in
West Virginia hitherto unrepresented in the National Museum’s
collections. H. G. Deignan made a zoological survey of the little-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 93
known easternmost districts of North Siam, journeying through the
provinces of Nan and Chiengrai. Capt. Robert A. Bartlett’s 1936
Greenland expedition collected for the Institution specimens of the
marine plant and animal life in the seas along the east and northeast
coast of Greenland. Austin H. Clark continued his exhaustive in-
vestigation of the butterfly fauna of Virginia. E. P. Killip collected
series of specimens of the flora of the Florida Keys, hitherto poorly
represented in the National Herbarium.
Dr. Alés Hrdlitka continued his archeological investigations in
Alaska in connection with his study of the origin and early migra-
tions of the American Indian. Henry B. Collins, Jr., conducted
archeological investigations in the vicinity of Bering Strait, Alaska,
to coordinate the results of his previous work at St. Lawrence Island
and at Barrow. Herbert W. Krieger made an archeological recon-
naissance of the Bahama Islands and excavated prehistoric village
sites on five of the larger islands. Dr. Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr.,
continued his investigations of the Folsom complex, mainly at the
Lindenmeier site in northern Colorado. Dr. William Duncan Strong
led an archeological expedition to northwestern Honduras, excavat-
ing sites on the Ulua River and at Lake Yojoa which gave a strati-
graphic section from the historic occupation at Naco, through the
various polychrome horizons on the Ulua and at Lake Yojoa, and
down to the Playa de los Muertos culture which preceded the Maya
culture. J. N. B. Hewitt continued his studies of the League of the
Iroquois in New York State and Ontario, Canada. Dr. Julian H.
Steward made an ethnological reconnaissance of the desert Shoshoni
of southern Idaho, northern Utah, and a part of eastern Nevada.
PUBLICATIONS
The “diffusion of knowledge”, one of the Institution’s primary
functions, is accomplished chiefly through its several series of pub-
lications. As is to be expected from the nature of the Institution’s
scientific work, the large majority of its publications are technical in
character, presenting the results of researches in astrophysics, radia-
tion, geology, biology, and anthropology. The Smithsonian annual
report, however, is intended primarily for the layman, for in it are
presented each year a series of understandable articles written by
recognized authorities, which together constitute a survey of ad-
vances and interesting developments in nearly all branches of science.
The wider diffusion of knowledge is accomplished by a system of
news releases furnished to more than 300 newspapers and press serv-
ices describing in popular form the Institution’s researches, expedi-
tions, and publications; and recently by a weekly radio program
22606—37
9
oO
DA. ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
dramatizing the work and exhibits of the Institution put on the air
through the cooperation of the Office of Education, the Works Prog-
ress Administration, the National Broadcasting Co., and the Institu-
tion’s editorial office.
Of the 80 volumes and pamphlets published during the year, 46
were issued by the Smithsonian proper, 32 by the National Museum,
and 2 by the Bureau of American Ethnology. Details of these vari-
ous publications are given in the report of the editor, appendix 10.
The total number of copies of publications distributed was 144,817.
LIBRARY
The Smithsonian hbrary comprises 10 major and 35 minor units,
which together contain a total of 876,522 volumes, pamphlets, and
charts. The new accessions for the year numbered 11,469, most of
these coming in exchange for the publications of the Institution and
its branches. The library received many gifts during the year, out-
standing among which was the botanical library of the late Dr. Fred-
erick V. Coville, numbering 4,500 items, presented by Mrs. Coville.
The routine work of the staff included cataloging 6,766 publications,
preparing and filing 28,967 cards, entering 24,212 periodicals, and
making 10,995 loans, of which 196 were to libraries outside the Smith-
sonian system. In addition to considerable work on the union cata-
log, much time was spent on the preparation of periodicals for bind-
ing, and a total of 8,803 volumes were bound. This unusually large
amount of binding was made possible by the deficiency appropriation
of $12,000 approved toward the close of 1935. There still remain
thousands of volumes in urgent need of binding to prevent loss of
parts, many of which would be very difficult to replace.
Respectfully submitted.
C. G. Aspor, Secretary.
APPENDIX 1
REPORT ON THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the con-
dition and operation of the United States National Museum for the
fiscal year ended June 30, 1937:
Funds provided for the maintenance of the National Museum for
the year totaled $763,970. This was a net increase of $3,228 over
the previous year, but since $25,000 was expended last year for the
purchase of the airplane Winnie Mae for the aeronautical collections,
the actual increase was $28,228 for purposes of maintenance and.
operation, printing and binding, and preservation of collections.
COLLECTIONS
Additions to the Museum collections during the year, coming
mostly as gifts from individuals or from expeditions sponsored by
the Smithsonian Institution, comprised the usual wide variety of
material in all departments. A total of 361,951 specimens were re-
ceived in 1,800 separate accessions and distributed as follows: An-
thropology, 1,790; biology, 292,250; geology, 62,757; arts and indus-
tries, 3,180; and history, 1,974. These accessions are all listed in
detail in the full report on the Museum, printed as a separate pam-
phlet, but the more important are summarized as follows:
Anthropology.—t|mportant archeological material included two
Guatemalan vases—a replica of a stuccoed vase from Uaxactun and
an original Maya vase from Lake Petén. Alaska was represented by
52 bone and stone artifacts from the Rat Islands, Aleutians, and by
an ivory harpoon socket from St. Lawrence Island belonging to the
Old Bering Sea culture. From South Africa came 29 Neolithic stone
artifacts and potsherds. Other valuable specimens came from the
Bull Creek archeological site in Georgia; the Black Mountains, Ariz.;
and the Rappahannock River, Va.
Of special interest among the ethnological material received were
unusual specimens presented by Mrs. Charles D. Walcott representing
the Kiowa Indians of Oklahoma, the Navahos, the Jivaros of South
America, and from Hawaii. Other accessions include Madagascan
woven fabrics and basketry and Kashmir copper and silver objects
collected nearly 50 years ago by the late Dr. W. L. Abbott; baskets,
idols, combs, figurines, and other objects from Dahomey, Cameroons,
25
26 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Nigeria, Belgian Congo, Portuguese East Africa, and Southern
Rhodesia; jewelry from Tibet; a collection of ethnological material
from Guatemala; and costumes and ceremonials of the Blackfeet and
the Indiana Algonkians. Nearly 100 specimens were received in the
division of ceramics, 57 in musical instruments, and 43 in period art
and textiles.
The 600 specimens added to the physical anthropology collection
came mostly from Alaska, as a result of the field work of the curator,
and from Florida, as a result of Smithsonian-C. W. A. projects.
Another lot of skeletal material came from three ossuaries in Mary-
land and the District of Columbia.
Biology.—Nearly 300,000 biological specimens a year now come to
the Museum, and the total now exceeds 12,000,000. Of those received
during the past year the following are outstanding: An unusually
large number of mammals from Panama, West Virginia, Siam, Japan,
Formosa, and the Philippine Islands, and Dr. Ira N. Gabrielson’s
private collection, numbering 855 specimens, which were transferred
from the Biological Survey; more than 1,106 skins and skeletons of
birds from Siam, 360 from Guatemala, and 1,000 from West Virginia;
types and paratypes of many new forms of reptiles and amphibians,
both North and South American; 90 large fishes from Lower Califor-
nia, over 1,700 fishes collected on the Smithsonian-Roebling expedi-
tion, over 800 Siamese fishes, nearly 6,900 fishes deposited in the Mu-
seum by the University of Washington, and over 4,400 fishes from
Maryland, Virginia, and miscellaneous localities; 60,000 insects trans-
ferred from the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, 60,000
more collected in the West Indies by Drs. E. A. Chapin and R. E.
Blackwelder, and the J. F. G. Clarke collection of 10,000 Lepidoptera,
mostly from the. Pacific Northwest; over 15,000 marine invertebrates
chiefly from various expeditions cooperating with the Smithsonian;
108,000 mollusks from many sources, including 10,000 from Siberia,
from the Walter Rathbone Bacon Traveling Scholarship, and 11,000
purchased through the Frances Lea Chamberlain fund; and more
than 45,000 plants, about a fourth of which were transferred from
the United States Bureau of Plant Industry.
Geology.—tIncome from several Smithsonian funds brought valu-
able mineralogical specimens. Through the Roebling fund, crystal
groups and mineral examples from many localities; through the Can-
field fund, minerals from the copper mines at Tsumeb, Southwest
Africa, and crystals of various kinds that make up an unusually
colorful exhibit; and through the Frances Lea Chamberlain fund, four
rare gem stones. There were also many donated specimens of rare
crystals, ores, and other minerals that notably enhance the Museum’s
collections.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY BF
Additions to the meteorite collection were obtained largely through
the Roebling fund. The total number of distinct meteoritic falls
represented in the Museum was increased from 606 to 635 during the
year. The new material came from Chile, Australia, Canada, and the
United States. Outstanding additions to the rock collections were
from Easter Island, Mexico, the Carolinas, Arkansas, Wyoming, and
Colorado.
In the field of stratigraphic paleontology most of the year’s acces-
sions were obtained by members of the staff: 30,000 Devonian inverte-
brates collected by Dr. G. A. Cooper and P. E. Cloud in the Eastern
States and 20,000 Tertiary and Cretaceous invertebrates obtained by
Dr. R. S. Bassler in Europe. Exchanges arranged with other mu-
seums and with individuals brought in many other specimens from
Africa, Australia, Austria, Bohemia, England, France, Hawaiian Is-
lands, Italy, and the United States, representing various geologic
periods and formations and many classes of fossil animals and plants.
About 625 fossil vertebrates were added to the paleontological series-
These included 600 Paleocene and Pliocene mammals collected by Dr.
C. L. Gazin and party in New Mexico and Arizona last year, a mount-
able skeleton of the giant sloth Mylodon harlani from the Rancho La
Brea deposits in California, a mounted skeleton of the antilocaprid
Merycodus from the Miocene of Montana, an excellently preserved ex-
tinct musk-ox skull (Symbos cavifrons) from the Pleistocene of Indi-
ana, a nearly complete fossil turtle (Aspideretes superste?) from the
Paskapoo formation of Alberta, and two eggs of Struthio anderson,
an extinct ostrich, from China.
Arts and industries —The outstanding accession in aeronautics was
the gondola of the stratosphere balloon Haplorer IT, in which Capts.
A. S. Stevens and O. A. Anderson in 1935 established the present
altitude record of 72,395 feet for a manned balloon, presented by the
National Geographic Society. The collection of scale models of air-
craft was increased by 12 of commercial airmail planes (made for
the Great Lakes Exposition), 4 of current Navy types, 2 of World
War German planes, and several others including the Stinson De-
troiter and Lockhead Vega used by George Hubert Wilkins in his
1927 and 1928 Arctic flights. Mrs. Wiley Post presented instruments
that were used on the Winnie Mae. There were also accessioned vari-
ous objects connected with the historic flights or aircraft of Calbraith
P. Rodgers (1911), Maj. Russell L. Maughan ee) John Moisant
(1910), and Alberto Santos-Dumont.
An interesting accession in watercraft is a collection relating to
the life and work of John W. Griffiths, naval architect, writer, and
editor, whose ships the Rainbow, 1845, and the Sea Wetch, 1846, were
the first of the famous American clippers. A number of half-models,
gs ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
many as a result of the Historic American Merchant Marine Survey
work, also were added. For the transportation group came the first
Franklin automobile (no. 3) to leave the factory in 1902, the oldest
existing example of that car; a gig phaeton of about 1840; and a fine
operating scale model of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad’s Royal
Blue train. Many objects of historical radio equipment, phono-
graphs, typewriters, calculating machines, clocks, tools, and electrical
devices continued to come in, as well as over 2,000 specimens pertain-
ing to textiles, organic chemistry, wood technology, history of agricul-
ture, and medicine, and about 500 photographs, prints, drawings, en-
gravings, books, tools, and other material relating to the graphic
arts.
History.—Nearly 2,000 objects of historic and antiquarian interest
and value were received, many of them pertaining to the lives and
public careers of eminent Americans and other historic characters,
such as Lafayette, Benjamin Franklin, Napoleon I, and President
Benjamin Harrison. The numismatic collection was increased by
821 coins, including an important series of United States commemora-
tive half-dollars; and the philatelic collection by 1,384 stamps, most
of which were specimens of current foreign postage stamps trans-
ferred from the Post Office Department.
EXPLORATIONS AND FIELD WORK
The scientific explorations of the year were financed mainly by
grants from the invested funds of the Smithsonian Institution or by
the assistance of friends of the Museum.
Anthropology.—Henry B. Collins, Jr., assistant curator of ethnol-
ogy, in October 1936 terminated his archeological investigations on
St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, conducted under the joint auspices of
the National Geographic Society and the Smithsonian Institution.
Previous work on St. Lawrence Island and at Point Barrow had
revealed the existence of an ancient but highly developed Eskimo
culture, with intermediate stages between it and the modern Eskimo.
One objective of the expedition was to search for pre-Eskimo re-
mains in the vicinity of Bering Strait, where man may first have
entered the American Continent. Mr. Collins and his assistants,
James A. Ford and Harrison Prindle, obtained definite evidence on
the sequence of prehistoric Eskimo cultures, but nowhere did they
find traces of human occupancy antedating that of the Eskimo.
From October to February, Herbert W. Krieger, curator of ethnol-
ogy, conducted archeological investigations in the Bahaman Archi-
pelago under a Smithsonian grant. He excavated kitchen middens
and burials on Long Island, Inagua, and New Providence Island and
uncovered data pointing to a close cultural contact between the Luca-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 29
yan Indians of the Bahamas and the Arawak of Hispaniola and to
the tribal migration of the Lucayans at a comparatively recent date
from the island of Hispaniola.
Dr. Waldo R. Wedel, assistant curator of archeology, devoted some
time to the supervision of excavations at an Indian village site near
Seneca, Montgomery County, Md. On May 15 he left to conduct a
general archeological survey of northeastern Kansas and to excavate
part of an old Kansa site near Kansas City; he was still in the field
as the year closed.
Dr. AleS Hrdli¢ka, curator of physical anthropology, assisted by
four students, during July and August 1936 investigated sites on the
Aleutian Islands, in continuation of his Alaskan researches. He un-
earthed an important burial cave on Kagamil Island, transportation
being furnished through the cooperation of the United States Coast
Guard. In May 1937 he returned again to the Aleutians to continue
the work.
Dr. T. Dale Stewart, assistant curator of physical anthropology,
visited Indian-burial sites along the Potomac River, assisting private
investigators. Also, with the help of Dr. Wedel, he excavated two
cssuaries at Bolling Field, D. C.
Biology.—Gerrit S. Miller, curator of mammals, assisted by Charles
M. Wheeler, spent 3 months in Panama making collections for the Mu-
seum. With Corozal, C. Z., as a base, he worked over most of the
Canal Zone from Gatun and Barro Colorado to the Pacific coast and
along the national highway of Panama, with side trips to the Pear]
Islands, Taboga Islands, and the Indio River. The material brought
back includes about 450 mammals, 150 birds, 150 reptiles and amphibi-
ans, and 400 plants, as well as fishes, shells, marine invertebrates, and
Indian artifacts.
Dr. Remington Kellogg, assistant curator of mammals, was one of
the three delegates to represent the United States at a whaling con-
ference, which convened in London on May 24, 1937, on invitation
of the British Government.
H. G. Diegnan continued collecting in Siam and sent three large
shipments of birds and other material to the Museum. Dr. Alexander
Wetmore collected birds in the highlands of Guatemala in the fall
of 1936 and brought back a series of valuable specimens. W. M.
Perrygo and Carleton Lingebach collected birds during the year
in West Virginia and Tennessee. Dr. David C. Graham continued
his work in western China, forwarding collections mainly of birds
and insects.
Dr. Leonard P. Schultz, assistant curator of fishes, and E. D. Ried,
aid, made several successful collecting excursions into Virginia as
part of a survey of the fresh-water fish fauna of that State.
30 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Dr. E. A. Chapin, curator of insects, spent about 6 weeks in
Jamaica, where, after examining entomological collections in Habana,
he collected insects on the island in conjunction with Dr. and Mrs.
Richard E. Blackwelder. Several families of beetles, hitherto un-
known from the island, were taken, as well as many species recognized
as new to science. They also took over a thousand specimens repre-
senting seven species of the family Dryopidae, previously recorded
as nonexistent on the island. A new and interesting coccinellid of
the genus Psyllobora was found feeding on a mold growing upon the
leaves of beach-grape (Coccoloba uvifera), and at least two unde-
scribed species of Scarabaeidae have been recognized in the material
collected.
Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, curator of marine invertebrates, was
naturalist on the Smithsonian-Hartford expedition to the West In-
dies, traveling on one of the last of the square-rigged ships afloat,
the Joseph Conrad, through invitation of the owner, G. Huntington
Hartford, and accompanied by Robert G. Lunz, of the Charleston
Museum, as assistant. The party began work on March 15 at Nassau
in the Bahamas and in 2 months traveled as far south as Barbados.
In all they covered about 4,500 miles, making 19 stops for collecting
on 15 different islands. ‘The expedition, aided greatly by the excellent
equipment provided by Mr. Hartford, was eminently successful.
More than 4,000 specimens of marine invetebrates were obtained,
chiefly Crustacea, but including also sponges, coelenterates, annelids,
mollusks, echinoderms, and lower chordates. Vertebrate material
brought back included fishes and two adult porpoises, in one of which
was found an embryo.
Dr. Paul Bartsch, curator of mollusks, was a member of the Smith-
sonian-Roebling expedition to the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of
Mexico in the spring of 1937. Traveling on Donald Roebling’s
yacht Lorano, the party worked from Habana, Cuba, around the
western end of the island and along the south coast as far as
Guantanamo. Extensive marine collections were obtained over a
wide area. These include material previously poorly represented in
the Museum, which is now being studied and rapidly identified.
Geology.—Sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution, Dr. R. S.
Bassler, head curator of geology, spent the first 3 months of the fiscal
year in geological studies of several classic European areas and in
researches on echinoderms and other fossils in English, German, and
Dutch museums. He completed studies on several groups of Paleozoic
corals and sponges. prepared about 600 casts of Upper Paleozoic
crinoid types, collected Tertiary fossils from the Paris, Vienna, and
London Basins, and visited the Devonian area of Germany and
Czechoslovakia.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY |
Under the auspices of the Roebling fund, E. P. Henderson, assistant
curator of physical and chemical geology, spent several months on
Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, for the purpose of collecting speci-
mens of epidote and nner amen for which this locality is noted.
With the aid of his assistants, Arthur Montgomery, Edwin Over, and
C. B. Ferguson, he eee hundreds of fine crystals of edo
thousands of garnets, and many miscellaneous minerals. In May
1937 Mr. Henderson left to attend the Seventeenth International Geo-
logical Congress at Moscow.
In the summer of 1936, Dr. G. A. Cooper, assistant curator of strati-
graphic paleontology, with Preston E. Cloud as field assistant, visited
Middle Devonian localities in the Middle West to collect fossils and
study the Middle Devonian rocks. In June 1937 these two men pur-
sued further field work on the Middle Devonian rocks of Michigan,
New York, and Ontario.
Dr. E. O. Ulrich, associate in paleontology, accompanied by R. D.
Mesler, of the Geological Survey, collected fossils and studied Lower
Ordovician stratigraphy in Arkansas and nearby States.
C. W. Gilmore, curator of vertebrate paleontology, with Dr. Rem-
ington Kellogg, made two short trips to the Chesapeake Bay region to
collect cetacean specimens, including several porpoise skulls, previ-
ously located by Dr. W. F. Foshag.
Dr. C. Lewis Gazin, assistant curator of vertebrate paleontology,
under funds provided by the Smithsonian Institution, conducted an
expedition to the San Juan Basin, N. Mex., during the summer of
1936 to explore the Eocene Wasatch and the Puerco and Torrejon
formations of the Paleocene for fossil mammal remains. Besides Dr.
Gazin, the party included G. F. Sternberg and Harold Shepherd.
They were successful in gathering a representation of the important
faunas from these classic early Tertiary horizons, about 500 deter-
minable specimens being collected from the Paleocene alone. Later
in the season they went to Arizona and explored the Gila and San
Pedro Valleys for fossils.
Dr. R. Lee Collins, of Bryn Mawr, was given a small grant by the
Smithsonian Institution for work in the Miocene deposits along Chesa-
peake Bay, during the course of which he collected a number of
cetacean specimens, parts of a sirenian, and two bird bones.
MISCELLANEOUS
Visitors.—For the first time, the number of visitors to the various
Museum buildings exceeded the 2 million mark, the total for the year
being 2,288,532, which is 314,859 more than the previous year. The
3515219 Voter during Nepitee 1936 is the largest number ever re-
corded for a single Piaaibe The attendance in the four Museum build-
32 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 19387
ings was recorded as follows: Smithsonian Building, 364,057; Arts
and Industries Building, 1,050,388; Natural History Building, 702,657;
Aircraft Building, 171,480.
- Publications and printing—The sum of $22,000 was available dur-
ing the year for printing the Museum Annual Report, Bulletins, and
Proceedings, an increase of $17,950 over the previous year, and a cor-
responding increase in volume of publication was reflected. Thirty-
three publications were issued—the Annual Report, 1 volume of
Proceedings (completed), 2 Bulletins, and 29 Proceedings separates.
The two Bulletins issued were: No. 153, part 2, “Birds Collected by the
Childs Frick Expedition to Ethiopia and Kenya Colony: Passeres”,
by Dr. Herbert Friedmann; and no. 167, “Life Histories of North
American Birds of Prey: Part 1, Order Falconiformes”, by Arthur
Cleveland Bent, the tenth volume in this series of life histories of North
American birds. ‘The total number of octavo pages printed was 1,604;
and of plates, 185. Volumes and separates distributed during the year
to libraries and individuals throughout the world aggregated 68,822. —
more than twice as many as last year.
An important step in the advance of Museum efficiency was the
thorough overhauling and equipping of the Museum’s Branch Print-
ing Office early in the year. Through the generous cooperation of the
Public Printer, a reconditioned and fully equipped linotype machine
was installed by the Government Printing Office, together with new
type faces suitable for the printing of Museum labels. As a direct
result of this new equipment, the labeling and job-printing work of
the Museum is practically up to date for the first time in many years.
Assistance from work relief agencies —The Museum profited much
by the continued assignment of workers from the Works Progress
Administration of the District of Columbia. The number of such
workers increased from 66 at the beginning of the year to 88 at the end,
and the work totaled 89,419 man-hours, covering the following tasks:
Checking, labeling, and repairing library material; preparing draw-
ings and photographs; typing; arranging, cataloging, labeling,
mounting, and numbering specimens; model making; translating;
work on plaster casts; and drafting. °
Special exhibitions Sixteen special exhibitions were held during
the year under the auspices of various scientific, educational, and Gov-
ernment agencies, such as the Works Progress Administration, Third
World Power Conference, Association of Federal Architects, and the
District of Columbia Federation of Women’s Clubs.
The division of graphic arts featured 18 special exhibits—9 in
graphic arts and 9 in photography.
Changes in organization and staff—No major change in adminis-
trative organization occurred during the year and but few changes
in the scientific staff. The designation of the carpenter shop was
REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 33
changed in April to cabinet shop, and steps were taken for the ap-
pointment of an assistant foreman of the shop to be directly charged
with its building-repair activities.
Eight persons were retired for age or disability, as follows—
through age: Frank H. Cole, assistant mechanical superintendent in
charge of the carpenter shop, on February 28, 1937, with over 39 years
of service; William F. Wicks, guard, on May 31, 1937, with 10 years
of service; Minor R. Stonnell, tinner’s helper, on June 30, 1937, with
nearly 27 years of service; Mrs. Hanorah Downey, attendant, on Oc-
tober 31, 1936, with nearly 25 years of service; and Mrs. Elizabeth
Merritt, charwoman, on November 80, 1936, with nearly 22 years of
service. Through disability: William Henry Goldsmith, foreman of
laborers, on April 30, 1937, with 41 years of service (Mr. Goldsmith
died on May 4, 1987, 4 days after his retirement) ; Mrs. Elizabeth E.
Dorsey, oran of charwomen, on June 15, 1987; and Mrs. Ger-
trude Green, charwoman, on May 6, 1937.
Dr. Geone Sk bare resigned as assistant curator of fishes on
September 15, 1936, to accept an appointment at Stanford University.
Dr. Leonard P. Schultz, of the University of Washington, was ap-
pointed to succeed Dr. Myers, December 31, 1936. Dr. Waldo R.
Wedel was appointed assistant curator of archeology on August 15,
1936. The designation of Dr. William R. Maxon as head of the di-
vision of plants (the National Herbarium) was changed from asso-
ciate curator to curator on February 1, 1937. Mrs. Agnes F. Chase,
senior botanist in the United States Bureau of Plant Industry, long
associated with the late Dr. A. S. Hitchcock, was given honorary
appointment on February 15, 1937, as custodian of the section of
grasses in the Museum.
Other additions to and changes on the staff during the year in-
cluded the appointments of Henry Kaskowitz as junior scientific
aid in the division of vertebrate paleontology on August 1, 1936,
and of Andreas J. Andrews as scientific aid in the department of
anthropology on May 14, 1937; the reallocation of Mrs. Bertha T.
Carwithen to senior clerk, assistant personnel officer, on February 16,
1937; the appointment of Owen F. Croggon, senior mechanic (senior
cabinetmaker) on July 1, 1936, to fill a new position included in the
appropriations for the year; the advancement of John H. Chance to
assistant engineer, on September 19, 1936; of Ernest Desantis from
guard to principal guard (sergeant of watch) on November 1, 1936,
and of John J. Queeney from guard to foreman of laborers on June
18) IIE
On January 1, 1937, Norman H. Boss, chief preparator, inverte-
brate paleontology, returned to duty from temporary detail to the
Texas Centennial Exposition, at Dallas, and on June 16, 1987, he
34 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
was detailed as exhibit supervisor for the Smithsonian for the Greater
Texas and Pan American Exposition at Dallas.
Necrology.—Through death the Museum lost during the year three
employees from its active roll: William H. Vanneman, principal
guard, on August 20, 1936, after 39 years of service; Frank M. Cheeks,
laborer, on January 3, 1937, after 27 years of service; and William C.
McKinnon, guard, on February 13, 1937, after 13 years of service.
From its list of honorary workers the Museum lost by death on
January 9, 19387, Dr. Frederick Vernon Coville, honorary curator of
plants since March 28, 1893, associated with the division of plants for
many years, and one of those deeply interested always in furthering
the Museum’s botanical work.
Respectfully submitted.
ALEXANDER WETMORE,
Assistant Secretary.
Dr. Cuartzes G. ABsor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 2
REPORT ON THE NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS
Str: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activi-
ties of the National Collection of Fine Arts for the fiscal year ended
June 30, 1937:
For nearly 8 months of the fiscal year, this bureau of the Smith-
sonian Institution carried the name “National Gallery of Art”, but
this was changed by an Act of Congress, approved by the President
on March 24, 1937, to “National Collection of Fine Arts”, and the
old name was assigned to the new Smithsonian bureau created as the
result of Andrew W. Mellon’s gift to the Nation of his unexcelled art
collection and funds to erect a splendid. building to house it.
A new system of lighting was installed over gallery 3, which pro-
duces a pleasing soft light and also does away with the lighting fix-
tures and gives a ceiling to the gallery. This also made possible the
installation of four stained glass windows, two by John La Farge
and two.by William Willet.
Miss Louise A. Rosenbusch, who had been connected with the Smith-
sonian Institution for 44 years and had served as Recorder of the
National Gallery of Art since it was made a separate unit in 1920,
was retired on November 30, 1936.
Visitors to the office concerning art matters numbered 111 during
the last 5 months.
APPROPRIATIONS
For the administration of the National Collection of Fine Arts by
the Smithsonian Institution, including compensation of necessary
employees, purchase of books of reference and periodicals, traveling
expenses, uniforms for guards, and necessary incidental expenses,
$34,275.00 was appropriated, of which $16,893.29 was expended for
the care and maintenance of the Freer Gallery of Art, a unit of the
National Collection of Fine Arts.
THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART COMMISSION
The sixteenth annual meeting of the National Gallery of Art Com-
mission was held on December 8, 1936. The members met at 10:30
at the National Gallery of Art, where, as the advisory committee on
35
36 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
the acceptance of works of art which had been submitted during the
year, they accepted the following:
Two lithographs: “Drying Fish Nets, Charlevoix” and “‘Edge of the Canyon”,
by Grace Neville Carrothers. Gift of the artist in the name of her son, Hdgar
M. Carrothers, Jr.
Bronze relief portrait of Daniel Chester French (1850-1935), by Evelyn
Beatrice Longman (Batchelder). Gift of Mrs. E. B. L. Batchelder, of Windsor,
Conn. (Accepted for the National Portrait Gallery.)
A water color by Samuel Prout (1785-1852). Gift of Mrs. John T. Devine,
of Washington, D. C. (The legal status of this gift is in the hands of the
executor and has not been decided to date.)
A collection of 197 intaglio prints, by members of the Chicago Society of
Etchers, to be added to the 497 intaglio prints given last year. Gift of the
Chicago Society of Etchers.
Two line engravings “The Old Tinker” and “The Sister’, and two pencil
drawings both entitled “Study for ‘The Hedger’”, by Stanley Anderson. Gift
of the artist.
The following two paintings, purchased by the Council of the National
Academy of Design from the fund provided by the Henry Ward Ranger be-
quest were recalled and claimed, according to the terms of the will: “Centrak
Park and the Plaza’, by William A. Coffin (1855-1925) and “Cliffs of the
Upper Colorado River, Wyoming Territory”, by Thomas Moran (1837-1926).
A ‘pair of stained glass windows, “Peacock and Peony”, by John LaF arge
(1835-1910). Gift of Henry LaFarge.
An oil painting entitled “Dressing for the Rehearsal’, by Seymour J. Guy,
N. A. (1824-1910). Gift of Miss Jennie A. Guy, the artist’s daughter.
(In 1928, a Portrait of George Inness, by F. C, Courter, offered as a gift
by an anonymous donor, was accepted by the Commission. It was actually
received in May 1937, but as a gift of August Franzen.)
The members then proceeded to the Smithsonian Building, where
the annual meeting was called to order by the chairman, Mr. Borie.
The members present were: Charles L. Borie, Jr., chairman; Frank
Jewett Mather, Jr., vice-chairman; Dr. Charles G. Abbot (ex officio),
secretary; and Herbert Adams, Frederick P. Keppel, John E. Lodge,
Paul Manship, George B. McClellan, Charles Moore, Edward W.
Redfield, Edmund.C. Tarbell, and Mahonri Young. Ruel P. Tol-
man, curator of the division of graphic arts in the United States
National Museum and acting director of the National Collection of
Fine Arts, was also present.
Mr. Moore, chairman of the executive committee, stated that Mr.
Mellon had had tentative plans for the National Gallery of Art
building prepared by John Russell Pope. These plans, as well as the
present status of the National Portrait Gallery, were discussed.
The Commission recommended to the Board of Regents the nomi-
nation of Dr. George Harold Edgell, director of the Museum of Fine
Arts, Boston, to succeed Mr. Gest, deceased.
The Commission recommended to the Board of Regents the re-
election for the succeeding term of 4 years of the following members:
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 27
John E. Lodge, Andrew W. Mellon, Edward W. Redfield, and Paul
Manship.
The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: Charles
L. Borie, Jr., chairman; Frank Jewett Mather, Jr., vice chairman;
and Dr. Charles G. Abbot, secretary; as well as the members of the
executive committee—Charles Moore, Herbert Adams, and George
B. McClellan (Charles L. Borie, Jr., as chairman of the Commis-
sion, and Dr. Charles G. Abbot, as secretary of the Commission, are
ex officio members of the executive committee).
The following minute was adopted to express the policy of the
Commission in connection with its action in accepting or rejecting
Ranger fund paintings:
In reaching a decision as to the acceptance of paintings purchased from the
Ranger fund, it was the sense of the Commission that the artistic quality of
the painting in question should not necessarily be the only factor to be
taken into consideration. ‘The presence of other examples of the artist’s work
in the national collection, for example, may properly be taken into considera-
tion, or the desirability of a wide distribution of these paintings in the
permanent collections of the country.
SPECIAL MEETINGS
In accordance with the request of the chairman, Mr. Borie, the
Commission met at the Smithsonian Institution April 6, 1937, for
the purpose of affording the members an opportunity of discussing
the acceptance by Congress of the Mellon gift under the title of the
National Gallery of Art, and the project for the proposed
Smithsonian Gallery of Art.
The Commission’s attention was also called to the desire of Mrs.
Mabel Johnson Langhorne, daughter of the donor of the Ralph
Cross Johnson collection of old masters, to name the Smithsonian
Institution in her will to receive certain pictures left to her by her
father, if the Institution thought them worthy of acceptance for
the national collection.
After the adjournment of the meeting the members inspected
the Mellon and Langhorne collections.
On May 11, 1937, a committee of three, appointed by Dr. Abbot
and Mr. Borie, consisting of Mr. Redfield, Mr. Tarbell, and Mr.
Young, met at the home of Mrs. Langhorne to select the paintings
which eventually will come to the Institution to be clesely associated
with the Ralph Cross Johnson gift. Almost every painting was
considered of such high quality that it would be a valuable addition
to the collection.
THE CATHERINE WALDEN MYER FUND
_ Two miniatures were acquired from the fund established through
the bequest of the late Catherine Walden Myer, “for the purchase of
38 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
first-class works of art for the use and benefit of the National Gallery
of Art”, as follows: “Portrait of Charles Boynton Darling” and “Por-
trait of Elizabeth Ellis Darling”, by unknown artist; from Laurence
B. Darling, New York, N. Y.
This endowment, although small, has in 5 years made possible the
purchase of 11 first-class miniatures, illustrating how a small endow-
ment can be used to build up over a period of years an important
collection.
DEPOSITS
Portrait of Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, Head Curator of the Depart-
ment of Biology, United States National Museum, by Bjorn P. Egeli,
presented to the Smithsonian Institution by Dr. Stejneger’s friends
on his birthday, October 30, 1936, was deposited in the Gallery by the
Smithsonian Institution.
Portrait bust in bronze of Lord Kelvin (William Thomson 1824—
1907), British physicist, by Herbert Hampton, given by the Kelvi-
nator Co. to the English Speaking Union for presentation to the
Smithsonian Institution, and presented by the British Embassy
through the American Branch of the Union, October 9, 1936, was de-
posited in the Gallery by the Smithsonian Institution.
LOANS ACCEPTED
A stained glass window, “Consumatum Est”, designed and executed
by William Willet (1869-1921) in 1906, which won the contract for
a sanctuary window in the United States Military Chapel at West
Point; also a pair of small stained glass windows, “Dante” and ‘“Bea-
trice”, by William Willet. Lent by Mrs. William Willet, of
Philadelphia, Pa.
LOANS MADE
Two portrait drawings in red chalk of Victor Chapman and Nor-
man Prince, by John Elliott, were lent to the Art Association of New-
port for exhibition at the Tercentenary Retrospective Exhibition,
Newport, R. I., from July 25 to August 16, 1936. (Returned Aug. 20,
1936.)
The painting, “High Cliff, Coast of Maine”, by Winslow Homer,
was lent to the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, N. Y.,
for the Winslow Homer Exhibition which was held from December
15, 1936, to January 15, 1937. (This was sent directly to the Carnegie
Institute at the close of the exhibition.)
Two paintings by Winslow Homer, entitled “High Cliff, Coast of
Maine” and “The Visit of the Mistress”, were lent to The Carnegie
Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa., for the Winslow Homer Memorial Exhibi-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 39
tion held January 28 through March 7, 1937. (These were returned
Mar. 13 and 19, 1937, respectively.)
Through the cooperation of Miss Leila Mechlin, director of the
Southern Art Projects, 16 paintings were lent to the New Mint Mu-
seum of Art, Charlotte, N. C., for its special inaugural exhibition
from October 22 to December 31, 1936, as follows:
June, by John Alexander.
Caresse Infantine, by Mary Cassatt.
Summer, by Charles H. Davis.
Portrait Sketch of Walter Shirlaw, by Frank Duveneck.
Illusions, by Henry B. Fuller.
Sundown, by George Inness.
An Interlude, by Wm. Sergeant Kendall.
Visit of Nicodemus to Christ, by John La Farge.
Three Trees, by W. L. Lathrop.
A Family of Birches, by Willard L. Metcalf.
Bradbury’s Mill Pond No. 2, by Henry W. Ranger.
The Torrent, by John H. Twachtman.
November, by Dwight Tryon.
The Cup of Death, by Elihu Vedder.
A Gentlewoman, by J. Alden Weir.
Autumn at Arkville, by Alexander H. Wyant.
Seven of the above paintings were returned January 5, 1937. The
following nine paintings were shipped directly from the New Mint
Museum of Art at the close of the exhibition to the University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C., for an exhibition from January
15 to February 20, 1937; the paintings were then forwarded to Sa-
vannah, Ga., where they were exhibited at the Telfair Academy of
Arts and Sciences from March 7 to 28, 1937. (They were returned
A pri2s 193,/.)
Portrait Sketch of Walter Shirlaw, by Frank Duveneck.
Bradbury’s Mill Pond No. 2, by Henry W. Ranger.
The Torrent, by John H. Twachtman.
A Gentlewoman, by J. Alden Weir.
Autumn at Arkville, by Alexander H. Wyant.
Visit of Nicodemus to Christ, by John La Farge.
A Family of Birches, by Willard L. Metcalf.
Caresse Infantine, by Mary Cassatt.
Three Trees, by W. L. Lathrop.
Three paintings, by undetermined artists, were lent December 17,
3936, to the Public Library of the District of Columbia, as follows:
| Madonna with Halo of Stars.
Adoration of the Christ Child.
The Christ Child with Cross and Torch.
An oil painting, “Mother Love”, by Charles F. Naegele, was lent
March 10, 1937, to the High Museum of Art, Atlanta, Ga. (It was
returned May 5, 1987.)
22606—374
40 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
A bronze statue of Lincoln, by Augustus Saint Gaudens, was lent,
with the consent of the owners, the Estate of Mrs. John Hay, to the
Great Lakes Exposition, Cleveland, Ohio, for exhibiton from May
29 to September 6, 1937.
GALLERY LOANS RETURNED
The painting entitled “The Moose Chase”, by George de Forest
Brush, lent through the Carnegie Public Library at Fort Worth,
Tex., to the Fort Worth Frontier Centennial Exhibition, held at
Forth Worth, was returned November 20, 1936.
Two small bronzes by Edward Kemeys, entitled “Bear” and
“Coyote”, lent with permission of their owner, Mr. William Kemeys,
to the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts for exhibition at the Texas
Centennial Exposition, were returned December 7, 1936.
The painting “Fired On”, by Frederic Remington, and the “Por-
trait of Premier Georges Clemenceau”, by Cecilia Beaux, lent to
The Dallas Museum of Fine Arts for exhibition at the Texas Cen-
tennial Exposition, were returned December 8, 1936.
The following five paintings, lent to the Public Library of the
District of Columbia on February 28, 1936, were returned December
17, 1936:
Portrait of Henry B. Fuller, by George Fuller.
Portrait of Jessie J. Burge, by Abbott H. Thayer.
Portrait of Wyatt Eaton, by J. Alden Weir.
The Visit of the Mistress, by Winslow Homer.
Moonlight, by Albert P. Ryder.
The “Portrait Sketch of Walter Shirlaw”, by Frank Duveneck, lent
to the Cincinnati Museum of Art, Cincinnati, Ohio, for an exhibition
of the works of Duveneck, was returned September 15, 1936.
WITHDRAWALS BY OWNERS
Two portraits in pastel by James Sharples (1751-1811) of Gen.
James Miles Hughes, original member of the Society of the Cincin-
nati, and Mrs. James Miles Hughes, his wife, lent in 1932; with-
drawn by their owner, Madame Florian Vurpillot on December 115),
1936.
One oil painting entitled “A Farnese Investiture”, lent in 1928:
withdrawn by the owner, Mrs. Estelle Bakewell- Green on March
Ps NB
A reproduction i in silver, made in England about 1850, of a -silver-
gilt wine pitcher, attributed to Benvenuto Cellini, leat im) 1933.
withdrawn by the owner, Capt. Frank O. Ferris, on April 20, 1937.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Al
A painting entitled “Adoration of the Kings”, by B. Van Orley
(1493-1542) ; withdrawn by the owner, Mrs. Marshall Langhorne,
on May 3, 1937.
A bronze bust of Dr. John Wesley Hill, by Joseph Anthony
Atchison, lent by the sculptor in 1980; withdrawn by Mr. Wade H.
Cooper, the owner, on May 5, 1937.
THE HENRY WARD RANGER FUND PURCHASES
Since it is a provision of the Ranger bequest that paintings pur-
chased from the fund and assigned to American art institutions may
be claimed by the National Gallery during the 5-year period be-
ginning 10 years after the death of the artist represented, five paint-
ings were recalled for action of the National Gallery of Art Com-
mission at its meeting December 8, 1936.
Two paintings were accepted by the Commission to become per-
manant accessions of the Gallery, as listed earlier in this report.
The following three paintings were returned, thus becoming the
absolute property of the respective art institutions:
“The Maumee River’, by Carlton T. Chapman, N. A., to the Toledo Museum
of Art, Toledo, Ohio.
“Dawn”, by Dwight W. Tryon, N. A., to the Cuanenia Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa.
“Repose of Evening”, by Ben Foster, N. A., to the University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor, Mich.
SPECIAL EXHIBITIONS
Two exhibitions were held as follows:
January 12, 1937.—A_ special exhibition commemorating the one-
hundredth anniversary of the birth of Thomas Moran, N. A. (1837-
1926). This exhibition remains on view.
April 9 to 29, 1937.—Exhibition of the Second Annual Metropoli-
ton State Art Contest, 1937, under the auspices of the department
of fine arts of the District of Columbia Federation of Women’s
Clubs, cooperating with the following Washington art organiza-
tions: The Arts Club, the League of American Pen Women, Minia-
ture Painters Sculptors and Gravers Society, Society of Washing-
ton Artists, Washington Landscape Club, Washington Society of
KEtchers, Washington Water Color Club, and a free lance group.
There were 305 exhibits, prints, paintings, and sculpture by 148
artists. Cards were issued by the Gallery to an opening view.
THE NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS REFERENCE LIBRARY
The 888 publications accessioned during the year were obtained
through purchase, transfer, gift, and exchange. One hundred and
4? ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
nine volumes of periodicals were sent to the bindery. The physical
equipment of the library was improved by replacing the remaining
wooden bookcases with steel shelves.
Miss Lucile A. Torrey was appointed librarian January 18, 1937.
SPECIAL DETAILS
The Acting Director was detailed from November 4 to 7, 1936,
to visit the Syracuse Museum of Fine Arts. This made possible a
careful study of the contemporary work in ceramics being done in
the United States. He also visited the Walters Gallery, the Balti-
more Museum of Art, and the Municipal Museum, which is devoted
to the relics of Rembrandt Peale and his time.
A second detail from December 18 to 20, 1936, was granted to
visit the art galleries at Chapel Hill and Charlotte, N. C.:
PUBLICATIONS
TormMAN, R. P. Report on the National Gallery of Art for the year ending
June 30, 1936. Appendix 2, Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian
Institution for the year ending June 30, 1936, pp. 29-35.
Loper, J. E. Report on the Freer Gallery of Art for the year ending June
30, 1936. Appendix 8, Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institu-
tion for the year ending June 30, 1936, pp. 36-39, pls. 1-2.
Respectfully submitted.
R. P. Totman, Acting Director.
Dr. C. G. Axssor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 3
REPORT ON THE FREER GALLERY OF ART
Sir: I have the honor to submit the seventeenth annual report on
the Freer Gallery of Art for the year ending June 30, 1937:
THE COLLECTIONS
Additions to the collections by purchase are as follows:
BRONZE
37.29. Cambodian (Khmer), twelfth century. A seated Buddha. Coppery
bronze with a green patina. 0.240 by 0.132 over all.
37.1. Chinese, early Chou dynasty. A ceremonial vessel of the type yii. White
bronze with a rough green patina; small areas of unaltered metal and
earthy incrustation. Decoration in low relief. Inscription in seven
characters. 0.418 by 0.565 over all. (Illustrated.)
37.30. Chinese, Han dynasty. A mirror; so-called TLV type. The surface is
immaculate, with a glossy black patina slightly clouded with green
on the face. Diameter, 0.143.
37.15. Chinese, late Han or later. A mirror. The surface has a glossy gun-
metal black patina with small areas of green aerugo on the back;
brilliant gray clouded with black and green on the face. The decora-
tion is in high and countersunk relief. Inscription of 56 characters.
Diameter, 0.135. (Illustrated. )
31.14. Chinese, Six Dynasties or earlier. A mirror. The surface has a dark
olive green patina on the back; brilliant bluish gray on the face;
earthy adhesions. The principal decoration is of figures and horse-
drawn chariots in moderately high relief. Diameter, 0.210.
MANUSCRIPT
87.6. Arabic, ninth-tenth century. A section of the Qur‘dn (from Chapter IT)
written on 32 parchment leaves; later binding of “marbled” paper.
Kufie seript in dark brown ink; diacritics in red; golden ‘ashiras and
verse-stops. 0.245 by 0.330, average leaf.
87.11. Arabic, ninth-tenth century. A parchment leaf from a Qur‘dn with full
page designs in gold, marking, respectively, the end of a chapter and
the beginning of another. 0.122 by 0.190.
37.28. Arabic, A. D, 1283. Yaqut al-Musta‘simi, calligrapher. A bound book;
later leather binding (broken): The collected verses of al-Hadira.
Thulth and naskhi scripts in black. Dated colophon. 0.277 by 0.205,
average leaf. rar
87.31. Arabic, fourteenth century (?). A paper leaf from a Qur‘an. Naskhi
script in gold, nine lines to a page; diacritics in blue and light red.
Illuminated verse-stops and two marginal ‘ashiras. 0.340 by 0.217.
43
44 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
37.32. Arabic, fourteenth-fifteenth century (?). A paper leaf from a Qur‘dn.
Naskhi script in gold, 11 lines to a page; diacritics, verse-stops, and
marginal ornaments illuminated in gold and blue. 0.385 by 0.254.
37.87. Arabic (Turkey), seventeenth century (?). A bound volume; leather
binding (damaged): A collection of prayers entitled Munajat Qur'an
sharif. Small, clear naskhi script in black on 53 paper leaves; head-
ings in thulth script in gold and silver. Golden verse-stops; illumi-
nated corner-pieces. 0.252 by 0.172.
87.40. Arabic (Turkey), sixteenth-seventeenth century (?). A section of the
Quran (Chapters LXVII-LXXVII) ; leather binding. Alternations of
naskht and thulth scripts in black on 28 paper leaves. ‘Titles in gold,
green, or blue. “6.309 by 0.270, average leaf.
87.83-37.34. Arabic (Persia), Jate tenth century. Two leaves from a Qur‘dn.
Slender Kufic script in dark brown ink on paper; diacritics
in red, brown, and blue. Illumjnated chapter heading (37.34
verso), marginal lectionary marks and verse-stops. 0.240 by
0.340. (37.83. Illustrated.)
37.41. Aramaic (Syriac), A. D. 1213-14. A bound volume (covers missing) :
The New Testament. LHstrangelo script in black and red on 7 paper
leaves plus 324 parchment leaves. Two colophons. 0.257 by 0.193,
average leaf.
36.15. Armenian, A. D. 1669 and 1670. A volume in contemporary binding of
leather overlaid with red velvet and silver appliques: The Gospel
according to the four Evangelists. Black, red, blue, green, and golden
round-hand (bolorgir) on 298 parchment leaves. Initials, paragraphs,
title-pages, arcades, and 6 full-page miniatures, all in colors and gold.
Dated colophons. 0.252 by 0.185 over all; 0.248 by 0.178, average leaf.
37.18. Armenian, fourteenth century. A leather bound volume: The Psalter ‘of
the orthodox Church. Black, red, blue, and golden, round-hand
(bolorgir) on 302 parchment leaves. Miniatures (12); illuminated
headings (9), initials (71), and paragraphs (70). Colophon. 0.124
by 0.086 over all; 0.115 by 0.088, average leaf.
37.19. Armenian, A. D. 1650-1. A leather bound volume with silver clasps:
the orthodox Hymnal (Sharaknotz). Black, red, and golden round-
hand (bolorgir) with musical notation on 487 parchment leaves.
Miniatures (16); illuminated headpieces (9'), initials (145), and par-
agraphs (145 plus 1). Dated head-piece and colophon. 0.121 by 0.085
over all; 0.119 by 0.078, average leaf.
37.2-37.4. Persian, sixteenth century. Three leaves from a manuscript of
Yusuf u-Zulaikhad by Jami. Wach leaf is inlaid in a larger leaf
of colored paper upon which border designs of animals, birds,
a grapevine, and floral scrolls are executed in gold. 0.252 by
0.150, average leaf. From the same manuscript as 36.9-36.12.
37.35. Persian, sixteenth century. A leather bound volume containing three
manuscripts :
I. Shah Mahmud Nishapuri, calligrapher. Fine nasta‘liq script
on 28 paper leaves. Illuminated headpiece. Colophon
dated in correspondence with A. D. 1523.
If. A collection of lyric poems. Minute nasta‘ljq script on 13
paper leaves, much illuminated.
III. Salim al-Katib (Nishapuri), Calligrapher. Bold nasta‘liq
script in white on 5 green paper leaves. Colophon.
0.261 by 0.168, average leaf.
PLATE 1
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 3
SOME RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE COLLECTION OF THE FREER GALLERY OF ART.
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 3 PLES 2
SOME RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE COLLECTION OF THE FREER GALLERY OF ART.
REPORT OF THE SHCRETARY 45
PAINTING
37.12. Chinese Ytian period, A. D. 13852. By Wu Chén (A. D. 1280-1354). A
river landscape entitled “Fishermen”, after a design by Ching Hao.
Ink on paper. Signature, label, poem, and dated colophon by the
artist. Makimono: 0.325 by 5.622.
37.06. Indian, Rajput, Rajasthani, sixteenth century. A musical mode (Gujart
. ragini): a night scene with two figures—a distraught lady and her
attendant. Full color on paper. Inscription. 0.196 by 0.145.
37.42. Indian, Rajput, Pahari (Kangra), eighteenth century. A girl with a pet
antelope. Full color on paper. 0.211 by 0.149.
_ 37.43. Indian, Rajput, Pahari (Kangra), late eighteenth century. A musical
mode (Pirva, rdgad) : Radha’s toilette—a scene on a terrace. Colors
on paper. 0.154 by 0.108.
37.44. Indian, Rajput, Pahari (Kangra), eighteenth—nineteenth century. A
musical mode (Purvd rdga@) : Radha’s toilette—in a garden. Colors
on paper. 0.169 by 0.107.
37. 38-37.39. Persian, fourteenth century. Two paper leaves (trimmed) : Studies
of trees, from Qaswini’s Cosmography. Colors on paper. 0.090
by 0.113; 0.064 by 0.120.
37.22. Persian, Herat school, late fifteenth century. A dromedary, hoppled, with
its keeper. Full color and slight gold on paper. 0.115 by 0.145.
37.24. Persian, Herat school, late fifteenth century. The prophets Elias and
Khadir at the Fountain of Life: An episode from Nizami’s Sikan-
darnama. Colors and silver (darkened) on paper. 0.157 by 0.1384.
37.25. Persian, Herat school, fifteenth century. Two demons, fettered—one with
cup and wine flask, one playing a musical instrument. Tinted drawing
with additions of gold on paper. 0.146 by 0.220.
37.26. Persian, Herat school, fifteenth century. A horseman killing a lion.
Colors and gold on paper. 0.140 by 0.210.
37.27, Persian, Herat school, fifteenth century. The abduction by sea: an
illustration of an episode in the poem “The Hight Paradises’, in-
cluded in the Khamsah of Amir Khusraw Dihlawi. Full color, gold
and silver (darkened) on paper. 0.270 by 0.193.
37.7. Persian, Safawi period, mid-sixteenth century. By Shah Quli. An
angel, flying, with cup and wine flask. In ink, slight tint and gold
on paper. Signature. 0.180 by 0.135.
37.8. Persian, Safawi period, sixteenth century. By Muhammad of Herat.
Portrait of a prince wearing a mantle of gold brocade figured with
pairs of captors and captives. Full color and gold on paper. Sig-
nature. 0.195 by 0.105.
37.20. Persian, Safawi period, early sixteenth century. A horse, saddled and
bridled, attended by a groom. Full color and gold on paper. In-
scribed with an attribution to Master Haydar ’Ali. 0.118 by 0.110.
37.21. Persian, Safawi period, sixteenth century. A camel, richly caparisoned,
and his conductor. Full color and gold on paper. Signature and
date written within the border: Shaykh Muhammad, 964 (A. D.
1556-7). 0.109 by. 0.132. (Illustrated.)
87.23. Persian, Safawi period, sixteenth century. Portrait of a young prince,
with a parrot on his wrist. Line drawing, with additions of color,
on paper. 0.147 by 0.083.
46 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
POTTERY
87.16. Chinese, Sung dynasty. Kwan yao: a miniature vase with tubular
handles and two corresponding holes in the foot-rim. Dense, hard
clay; lustrous gray glaze with large, irregular crackle. 0.102 by
0.061.
37.17. Chinese, Sung dynasty. Ju yao: a cup holder, with wide five-foiled
flange. Hard, gray porcelaneous clay; lustrous grayish green glaze,
medium crackle. 0.067 by 0.166.
37.18. Chinese, Sung dynasty. Lung-ch‘iian yao: a vase with long neck and
two handles of fish form. Hard, dense clay; lustrous celadon glaze.
0.259 by 0.113. z
87.5. Persian, Rhages (Raiy), thirteenth century. By ‘Ali bin Yusuf. A
bowl (broken and repaired). Soft, sandy, white clay; white tin
enamel glaze (crazed) and a transparent. wash under the foot. The
decoration of people and horses is painted in polychrome enamels
and leaf-gold. Kufic inscription inside; naskhi inscription outside; _
both with signature. 0.087 by 0.206.
37.9. Syrian, eleventh-twelfth century. A pitcher, thin-walled, with a low
foot-rim (broken and repaired). Soft, sandy white clay; cream-
white enamel glaze with traces of iridescence. Decorated with 4
band of Kufie lettering in low relief. 0.130 by 0.120.
37:10. Syrian, twelfth-thirteenth century. A pitcher (broken and repaired).
Fairly hard, white clay; lustrous white enamel glaze of egg-shell
texture. The decoration is carved in relief, with details in pierced
work filled with glaze. 0.100 by 0.088.
Curatorial work has, as before, consisted largely in the study of
Chinese, Tibetan, Japanese, Aramaic, Armenian, Arabic, Persian,
East Indian, and Cambodian objects in the collection, of the texts
and seals associated with them, and in the preparation of this ma-
terial for Gallery records. In addition, 810 objects and 286 photo-
graphs of objects, Oriental for the most part, were submitted to
the Curator for expert opinion as to provenance, age, quality, or
other significance. Written or oral reports on these things were
made to the institutions or private owners who had requested this
service. Written translations of 31 inscriptions in Oriental lan-
guages were also made upon request, and 2 inscriptions—one in
Chinese, the other in Egyptian hieroglyphics—were composed for
the use of two Departments of the Government.
Changes in exhibition have involved a total of 92 objects, as
follows:
FS TASSYi OTST esse! so sce UA ME Eas luae cal a Shh ee Uns Oca na alt
BLONZES HC WME Se ees Ewe oo Ses bid USTs) Ae NA 2
Paintings:
SATYY CTU GAD ee UR oe AN LS ee A NI 2,
CP aTi IK eKS CSD _ NS ARS NES MA CU RS Are NGC 5 25
REPORT OF THE SHCRETARY AZT
ATTENDANCE
The Gallery has been open to the public every day from 9 until
4:30 o’clock, with the exception of Mondays, Christmas Day, and
New Year’s Day.
The total attendance of visitors coming in at the main entrance
was 140,881. The total attendance for week-days, exclusive of Mon-
days, was 94,221; Sundays, 46,660. The average week-day attend-
ance was 365; the average Sunday attendance, 897. The highest
monthly attendance was reached in April (30,837) and in August
(14,084) ; the lowest monthly attendance in December (6,418).
There were 1,600 visitors to the main office during the year. The
purposes of their visits were as follows:
Home eneraliyimbo rma tloMess nhs wl 2 da oe eee a ae a 2 304
MOeSeCEROMIECES: TNEStOrAge= eho). Pk hee ES A a es 348
Ara She ng abn Sia Be kote AE ea ee a eee 98
Ee Fame AIM Sis be oy ce ie eae oot ee 3
Near Hastern paintings and manuscripts_____________----------_~ 33
ES Car aD APTN SSR a i ie i Pe 5
PANTING Ta CANN DTNGIIN SS ey peak pte aE i ei a 83
AVY ans Stel ores Fog HIT ea eS el a Sls an a ol as a Ne ae 14
Oriental pottery, jade, bronzes, sculptures______--__--_-_--_-_-_-- 82
By ZamibiMer OWI ECS ee ees ale ae ee ee 2
BACT NCAT ATO OCLC TY a a eee 1
WKESRING LOM VMGnNWSCriptse 2. = etree eae ee Ee eee 27
MoORRe aa Mina e WiDr Tye es A Ce POR eR ede BAW sea Ee 201
To make tracings and sketches from library books_+*_---_________--__-_-_ 5
Morsee building andsinstallationk a2 2 s- ask e e 15
To obtain permission to photograph or sketeh_-__---__--___---__-----___ ra
Momsubmit objects tor examinations 2-222 es eee 159
Morvexamine or purchase photographs! ==. 22a) eee eee 370
ioeseesmembersot the stati. 224 siiOpGil Oo lot OU Big) Lo poles 230
To see the exhibition galleries on Mondays___---____--_--___----------- 40
LECTURES AND DOCENT SERVICE
Three illustrated talks were given by members of the staff before
three local organizations. Upon request, 15 groups, ranging from
2 to 15 persons (total 149), were given instruction in the study
rooms, and 10 groups, ranging from 10 to 50 persons (total 262),
were given docent service in the exhibition galleries.
PERSONNEL
On February 15, 1937, Thomas R. Fullalove, painter, retired, after
16 years of most excellent service.
Grace T. Whitney worked intermittently at the Gallery between
October 15, 1936, and June 30, 1937, on translations of Persian texts.
Respectfully submitted.
Dr. C. G. Axnzor, J. KE. Lopez, Curator.
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 4
REPORT ON THE BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the field
researches, office work, and other operations of the Bureau of Amer-
ican Ethnology during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937, conducted
in accordance with the act of Congress of March 19, 1936. The act
referred to contains the following item:
American ethnology: For continuing ethnological researches among the Amer-
ican Indians and the natives of Hawaii, the excavation and preservation of
archeologic remains under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution, includ-
ing necessary employees, the preparation of manuscripts, drawings, and illus-
trations, the purchase of books and periodicals, and traveling expenses, $58,730.00.
SYSTEMATIC RESEARCHES
M. W. Stirling, Chief, spent the major part of the fiscal year in
Washington, during which time the ethnological report on the Jivaro
Indians of Ecuador was completed and submitted to the printer.
At the end of February 1937 Mr. Stirling left Washington for St.
Augustine, Fla., in order to attend the conference held under the
auspices of the Carnegie Institution of Washington for the purpose
of outlining a program of research concerning the historical and
archeological past of the city of St. Augustine and vicinity. At the
conclusion of this conference he continued to Manatee, Fla., in order
to examine some interesting newly discovered mounds in that vicinity.
Continuing up the Gulf Coast of Florida, a visit was made to Bristol,
on the Apalachicola River, where a sherd collection was made on a
large mound near the river south of the town. Mr. Stirling then pro-
ceeded to Panama City, Fla., in order to photograph several private
archeological collections.
From Panama City, Mr. Stirling went to Macon, Ga., for the pur-
pose of examining the large archeological project there which was
inaugurated by the Smithsonian Institution with the Society for
Georgia Archeology and now being conducted under the auspices of
that society by Dr. A. R. Kelly. From Macon, Mr. Stirling proceeded
to Philadelphia, Pa., in order to attend the International Conference
on Early Man, held under the auspices of the Philadelphia Academy
of Sciences. On the conclusion of this conference Mr. Stirling
returned to Washington.
48
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY A9
Mr. Stirling was delegated to represent the Smithsonian Institu-
tion at the meeting held at Media, Pa., on May 18, 19387, in honor of
the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of Daniel Brinton.
Dr. John R. Swanton, ethnologist, devoted the greater part of his
time during the past fiscal year to work as chairman of the United
States De Soto Expedition Commission. This involved field expedi-
tions from November 11 to December 9, 1936, and from May 16 to
June 4, 1937, except for 3 days, December 3 to 5, devoted to a meeting
of the Commission at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Ala.
The first field trip extended over parts of Florida, Georgia, Alabama,
Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. The second was confined to an
intensive study of that section of De Soto’s route which passed through
northern Mississippi. During these expeditions small collections of
potsherds were made, which will be of assistance in studying the cul-
tures of the prehistoric inhabitants of the several areas visited. As
chairman of the fact-finding committee of the same Commission, Dr.
Swanton prepared a report covering about 600 typewritten pages, and
this was adopted by the Commission at its Tuscaloosa meeting and
embodied in its report to Congress. The entire report has since been
submitted, but, as publication has not yet been ordered, it is still pos-
sible to add material, and he is engaged in doing so.
During the year Dr. Swanton also made some additions to his data
on the Indians of the Southeast, and he has been collecting from orig-
inal sources the most important references to the Quapaw Indians.
Until the end of the fiscal year Dr. Swanton continued as a member
of the executive committee of the Division of Anthropology and
Psychology of the National Research Council and as vice-president
of section H of the American Association for the Advancement of
Science for the current calendar year.
Dr. Truman Michelson, ethnologist, renewed his researches among
the Algonquian tribes of the James and Hudson Bay region under
a grant-in-aid by the American Council of Learned Societies. He
spent some time at Moose Factory, and a short time at Fort George,
Attawapiskat, and Weenusk. Owing to the presence of some Albany
Cree at Moose Factory and some Indians from Ruppert’s House as
well as on shipboard, he was able to do personal work with them.
By correspondence he obtained some additional text-material from
Rupert’s House; by meeting the manager of the Hudson Bay Co.’s
post at the Ghost River and an Indian from Lac la Ronge he ob-
tained data from these regions. The results of the previous expedi-
tion were checked up as much as feasible. It results that the state-
ment made previously that east of Hannah Bay Cree leaves off and
Montagnais-Naskapi begins is confirmed. Besides texts and vocabu-
laries from the general area, a rather complete schedule of kinship
terms for the Great Whale River Indians,those of Fort George,the Cree
5O ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
of Moose Factory, Albany, Attawapiskat, and Weenusk was obtained.
Very obviously the system of consanguinity favors cross-cousin
marriage; and it is to be noted that at the Great Whale River and
Albany both types of this marriage occur; at Moose and Attawapiskat
it is restricted to marriage with paternal aunt’s daughter; at Weenusk
apparently neither type obtains. It may be mentioned that by lin-
guistic technique it is possible to show in the places named that a
number of old terms have been replaced, e. g., the term for cross-
nephew has been replaced by the term originally restricted to son-in-
law, etc. Also the kinship systems favor exogamy, but he has not
been able to find a true gens or clan organization in the whole area.
Dr. Michelson returned to Washington September 20, where he
studied the material gathered on this and previous expeditions. By
correspondence with Hudson Bay Co.’s officials and a missionary
he obtained data on the Cree of Cumberland House, Norway House,
Oxford House, Trout Lake, God’s Lake (all dialects in which original
Z is replaced by 7), Montreal Lake, Stanley, Pelecan Narrows (dia-
lects in which original / is replaced by vy). A study was made of the
Montagnais of Le Jeune, over 300 years ago; the orthography plainly —
indicates kh, tch, and some other variations are representatives of
one and the same sound, namely, the one usually transcribed by Ze.
This study enabled him also to make at least one correction to the
Handbook of American Indians, and prove one supposed Algonkin
tribe actually was Montagnais-Naskapi. From correspondence it,
would appear that the dialect spoken at Island Lake is a mixture
of Cree, Ojibwa, and possibly Algonkin proper. This indicates that
in a number of places there is such a mixture, but apparently not on
the same scale. A map showing the distribution and interrelations
of the Cree and Montagnais-Naskapi dialects has been made. Tech-
nical papers have appeared in professional journals, and others have
been prepared and are awaiting publication. The Bureau published
Fox Miscellany (Bulletin 114), the proof-sheets of which were
corrected during the fiscal year.
At the beginning of the fiscal year, Dr. John P. Harrington,
ethnologist, prepared a report on the Use of Ferns in the Basketry
of the Indians of Northwestern California, centering on the use of
fern species among the Karuk tribe. The baskets of this section are
really built of lumber, that is, of the shredded roots of the Oregon
pine. But the two materials which make the baskets beautiful are
the glossy black of maidenhair fern stems and the handsome red of
Woodwardia fern filaments, dyed with alder bark.
Dr. Harrington next prepared a paper on Kiowa Memories of the
Black Hills and of the Devil’s Tower. The Kiowa Indians, 600
miles to the south, still have memories of the Black Hills country
of South Dakota, which they occupied some 150 years ago. They
REPORT OF THE SECRHTARY 51
also retain knowledge of myths regarding the remarkable basalt
column near Sundance, Wyo., on the northwestern slope of the
Black Hills, known as the Devil’s Tower, but to the Kiowa as the
Rock Standing Like a Tree. An elaborate paper was finished on
the subject, going into the geology, history, and mythology of the
Devil’s Tower.
Dr. Harrington next finished a report on The Northern Pro-
venience of the Navajo and Apache, tracing related languages in
detail to Alaska, northwestern Canada, and the Pacific Coast of
the United States, and telling in detail how the relationship of
Navajo and Apache to the Indians of the far northwest was dis-
covered by W. W. Turner, librarian in the Patent Office, Wash-
ington, D. C., in 1852. This voluminous report resulted in the
discovery by Dr. Harrington of a curious distribution of these lan-
guages, the map of which takes the form of a wishbone. Their
nucleus is in the far Northwest, one prong extending down the
Pacific Coast and terminating a little north of San Francisco Bay,
another eastern prong extending down through the Rocky Moun-
tain region and culminating in the Navajo and Apache of the
Southwest. An exhaustive study was made of the earliest docu-
ments and maps on the subject, in the compilation of which Dr.
Harrington was assisted by the Geographic Board of Canada.
A report was completed on the Siberian Origin of the Ameri-
can Indian, presenting the background, the earliest historic writ-
ings on the subject, the Eskimo problem, the problem of the means
of crossing (whether by boat, over ice, or by means of former land
bridge), the distribution of tribes and density of population as
bearing out the theory, and general aspects. In this study he was
assisted by many other students, including native interpreters of
the Bering Strait region. This report suggests that America was
first discovered as a result of over-population which developed in
the east of Asia and forced Paleo-Siberian peoples to enter the
Chukchi Peninsula. From this point they sighted and spilled over
into America, using the Diomede Islands as resting places on their
transit, if this were during the period of the existence of the Ber-
ing Strait, and followed the food supply down what is now the
Alaskan coast, without realizing that they had discovered anything
more than an outlying island.
A paper was prepared on the Life of Jeronimo, Apache Indian
Chief, and the Indian leader whose expeditions probably cost the
United States Government more money and trouble than did those
of any other chieftain. The life and times of Jeronimo were
minutely searched, and data were compiled in chronological order.
The material of this paper is especially interesting to the American
52 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
public as it deals with a period already dimming in the memories
of living men. The name, Alope, of the first wife of Jeronimo,
was discovered to be merely a corruption of the Mexican Spanish
name Guadalupe.
Studies on linguistic relationship in the Southwest and California
were continued. These studies have resulted in the discovery that
Tano-Kiowan and Aztecan are genetically related, and to this larger
group Dr. Harrington gave the name Patlan. ‘The discovery was
also made that Hopi is a Southern California Shoshonean dialect,
showing developments in common with the Southern California Sho-
shonean dialects, and constituting with them a dialectic group of the
Aztecan family in contradistinction to any other group. This unity
of Hopi with Southern California Shoshonean was first noticed many
years ago, the word for wood-rat (e. g., Hopi gdala, wood-rat, South-
ern California Shoshonean gdala, wood-rat) leading immediately to
the discovery. It was also noticed by Dr. J. R. Swanton and Dr.
Harrington that Tano-Kiowan and Shoshonean have genetic rela-
tionship with the languages of the Southeastern United States (Musk-
hogean, Chitimacha, Atakapa, Tonkawa, Timucua), Tano-Kiowan,
for instance, and all the Southeastern languages above-mentioned
showing the characteristic prefix na-, something, used in deriving
nouns from verbs (e. g., Tanoan tha, to dwell; natha, house).
At the beginning of the fiscal year Dr. Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr.,
archeologist, was engaged in excavating at the Lindenmeier site in
northern Colorado. At this place remains attributable to the ma-
terial culture of Folsom man, one of the earliest known inhabitants
of the New World, are found. The 1936 investigations constituted
the third season’s work there, and valuable new information was
obtained on this important phase in the study of the history of the
American Indian. Digging was carried on at three different por-
tions of the site, and considerable new bone material and several new
types of implements came from the excavations. Most of the bones
were from the large extinct species of bison (Bison taylor) which
the people hunted, but in addition a number of bones from the Amer-
ican camel, probably Camelops, were obtained in direct association
with the bison bones and with stone implements. This adds one more
extinct species of animal to the list of those found with Folsom
artifacts. One of the significant facts established by the work is
_ that the site was occupied before and during a period characterized
by the formation of a thick, black soil layer produced by heavy vege-
tation that thrived when conditions were more favorable than those
of recent times. That the people were there before the inception of
this era of abundant growth points to an even greater antiquity than
that suggested by the presence of implements and bones in the bottom
REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 53
of the soil level. The work was brought to a close September 5, 1936.
In the latter part of August Dr. Roberts also investigated a site
near Kersey, Colo., where Folsom type objects were found by F. W.
Powars and his son Wayne, residents of Greeley. This location is
on a low terrace of the rolling terrain lying along the south side
of the South Platte River valley. Present evidence indicates that
it was a camp, but one occupied for a relatively short period of time.
Specimens obtained there represent a typical Folsom complex. ‘They
are so similar to those from the Lindenmeier site that it is difficult
to distinguish between specimens from the two sites. Bones are
scarce, and those recovered are so fragmentary that they are valueless
for determining the species of the animals represented.
'After the completion of the Lindenmeier and Powars site investi-
gations Dr. Roberts proceeded to Sterling, Colo., where he visited
and inspected a number of sites in that vicinity. AJl proved to be
of more recent origin than the Folsom type material. From Sterling
Dr. Roberts returned to Washington. The autumn months were
spent in the office working over the material obtained during the
summer’s investigations.
February 24 Dr. Roberts sailed for Cairo, Egypt, where he served
as one of two American experts at the International Conference of
Archeologists held March 9 to 17, under the auspices of the Com-
mittee for Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations. As his
part of the agenda for the sessions, Dr. Roberts presented a paper
on the subject “The Material Organization of an Archeological
Mission.” This included a discussion of the choice of personnel for
a field staff, the securing of equipment, the establishment of field
headquarters, and the general administration of such a project. At
the close of the conference he visited a number of sites in Egypt
and had an opportunity to study methods of excavation and general
archeological procedure as practiced in the Egyptian area. From
Keypt he went to Greece, Italy, France, and England and studied
collections in the museums at Athens, Naples, Rome, Paris, and
London. He returned to Washington April 24.
On May 21 Dr. Roberts left Washington for Kingman, Ariz.,
where he and Dr. C. W. Gilmore, curator of vertebrate paleontology,
United States National Museum, investigated a find of mastodon
bones and man-made objects. The deposit is located near a large
spring 24 miles west of Kingman. <A week’s study and excavation
demonstrated that the material was a secondary deposit, washed in
from surrounding slopes, and of no importance from the stand-
point of the association of man and extinct mammals. Dr. Roberts
left Kingman on June 2 for Denver, Colo., and Fort Collins. On
June 12 he resumed excavations at the Lindenmeier site. By the
54 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
end of the fiscal year an area covering 375 square feet had been
uncovered. Numerous implements and considerable additional in-
formation were obtained from this work. These data serve to round
out more fully the story of the customs and habits of Folsom man.
During the winter months Dr. Roberts also prepared several
manuscripts on the subject of the work at the Lindenmeier site and
on Southwestern archeology in general.
Upon his return from Spanish Honduras early in the fiscal year,
Dr. W. D. Strong, anthropologist, spent his entire time in working
over the archeological collections from the Ulua River. With the
assistance of Alfred Kidder II, and Drexel A. Paul, Jr., Dr. Strong
completed the report on this work which is to be published in the
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections under the title “Preliminary
Report on the Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University Archeo-
logical Expedition to Northwestern Honduras, 1936.”
From July 1 until late October 1936, Dr. Julian H. Steward, asso-
ciate anthropologist, continued his work of the previous year among
Shoshonean tribes in the Great Basin and Plateau areas. He had
two objectives: First, to study the ecological basis of the social and
political organization of the bands of horse Shoshoni in Utah and
Idaho to supplement his previous study of the foot Shoshoni of
Nevada; second, to continue his ethnographic survey by means of an
element list. An element list and satisfactory ecological material
were procured from the following: Bannock, Fort Hall Shoshoni,
Lemhi Shoshoni, and Grouse Creek (northwestern Utah) Shoshoni
at Fort Hall, Idaho; Promontory Point (Great Salt Lake) Shoshoni
at Washakie, Utah; Pahvant Ute (now almost extinct) at Kanosh,
Utah; Gosiute (determined to be actually Shoshoni) at Skull Valley
and at Deep Creek, Utah. Before returning to Washington, Dr.
Steward drove to Fallon, Nev., to examine guano caves said to hold
promise, but found little of interest. He returned by way of south-
ern Nevada and southern Utah, making brief visits to several South-
ern Paiute reservations. The remainder of the year was devoted to
preparation of research material for publication, and eight manu-
scripts have been completed.
The beginning of the fiscal year found J. N. B. Hewitt, ethnolo-
gist, on the Tuscarora Reservation near Lewiston, N. Y., where he
went to continue his researches on the League of the Five Iroquois
Tribes. From Lewiston Mr. Hewitt proceeded to the Grand River
Grant to the Six Nations in Ontario. Here he had the good fortune
to obtain a complete Mohawk text embodying the so-called Hand-
some Lake religious teaching, this document consisting of more than
5,700 Mohawk terms. Considerable additional information was ob-
tained concerning the interesting dual nature of the tribal organiza-
REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 55
tion. On his return to Washington Mr. Hewitt completed the trans-
lation of the Mohawk text giving details of the birth and early child-
hood of Deganawida, also another Mohawk text giving an account of
the dancing lads who finally became the Pleiades.
During the month of June 1937, Mr. Hewitt again left Washing-
ton for Brantford, Canada, in order to check over in the field his
two large manuscripts in Onondaga text, one being the Iroquois
New Year Ceremony and the other consisting of the four Thanks-
giving Festivals. The end of the fiscal year found Mr. Hewitt still
in the field engaged in this task.
EDITORIAL WORK AND PUBLICATIONS
The editing of the publications of the Bureau was continued
through the year by Stanley Searles, editor.
Bulletin 114, Fox Miscellany, by Truman Michelson, was issued
during the year.
Bulletin 115, Journal of Rudolph Friederich Kurz, edited by J. N.
B. Hewitt, was released for printing.
Bulletin 116, Ancient Caves of the Great Salt Lake Region, by
Julian H. Steward, was released for printing.
An index of Schoolcraft’s Indian Tribes, in six volumes, has been
further advanced toward completion.
Work has been done on other manuscripts in the custody of the
editor.
Publications distributed totaled 14,708.
LIBRARY
Miss Miriam B. Ketchum continued in charge throughout the year
as librarian.
Accessions during the fiscal year numbered 580 volumes, bringing
the total number of volumes in the library to 31,115; there are also
about 20,000 pamphlets and about 2,000 volumes of unbound periodi-
cals and society transactions.
The number of volumes prepared and sent to bindery was 1,330.
Library of Congress cards have been obtained for practically all
of the new books received during the year and for some of the older
material. Al! new material is being classed in the Library of Con-
gress scheme of classification and separately shelved. A partial
depository set of Library of Congress catalog cards has been estab-
lished and will shortly be installed in working order.
The work of refiling the catalog continues. Thirteen drawers are
now finished.
22606—37—_5
56 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
A great many missing numbers have been requested and nearly
all of these have been supplied, amounting in some cases to several
volumes of a set. Of the exchange sets, 8 old sets which had been
allowed to lapse have been reestablished, and 11 new sets have been
established.
ILLUSTRATIONS
Following is a summary of the work accomplished by EK. G. Cas-
sedy, illustrator :
Mine rawlings i ee NE oe 266
(CET aT ee oA ee a Dotere s 2 13
Pilates lettered or numbered] 2) ee ee eee 199
Platescassempleds Yous 2 be Le ee 64
Plates sized for engravers. 220s ee see eee 129
ANTE OV PBISY Os (0) OSS Di le a a Mak I 6
Photos retouched) 4s Se ae ee eee 51
ALO POLTA DWV!) nea She LE A Ne ee 3
VD eaiyo Sie aut Ha SS AR os) Ue eae ae 3
Meehanical draw ingsl 2226 = 22th ees ee eee #83
WEGKErINS ODS. 22 2s Ee as a ee Ee 3
MSO SSMS eee ee Ea eee nap al arlene UN Sit SNM 2a ss ®
SHWiater COlOn: PAlntiN Sse 27 2 eel SM eee IRA em 1
AO cai ees ere EE PC ER 743
COLLECTIONS
Accession
number
140,528. Skeletal material from two sites on Canaveral Peninsula, Brevard
County, Fla., collected by the Bureau in cooperation with the Fed-
eral Civil Works Administration during the winter of 1933-84. (250:
specimens. )
142,561. Archeological specimens and human and animal bones collected during
mound excavations in Florida’ during the winter of 1933-384 in
cooperation with the Federal C. W. A.
MISCELLANEOUS
During the course of the year information was furnished by
members of the Bureau staff in reply to numerous inquiries concern-
ing the North American Indians, both past and present, and the
Mexican peoples of the prehistoric and early historic periods. Vari-
ous specimens sent to the Bureau were identified and data on them.
furnished for their owners. |
Personnel.—Miss Helen Heber eh junior stenographer, oe
March 16,°1937. Miss Ethelwyn E. Carter was appointed May 1
1937, to fill the vacancy.
Recpettiully submitted.
M. W. Srieuine, Chief.
Dr. C. G. Axsgor, <5 im
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 5 |
REPORT ON THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE SERVICE
_ Sir: L have the honor to submit the following report on the activ-
ities of the International Exchange Service during the fiscal year
ended June 30, 1937: aa
For that year the congressional appropriation was $44,260. Some
years ago, in order to supplement the amounts granted by Congress,
which have never been sufficient to meet the entire expenses of the
Exchange Service, the Board of Regents of the Institution gave au-
thority to charge governmental establishments 5 cents a pound for
forwarding their publications abroad through exchange channels.
The collections from that source during the year were $3,871. a
making the total resources available $48,131.49.
The number of packages handled during 1937 was 657. 346, ari
increase of 60,395. The weight was 651,461 pounds, an increase of
32,672 pounds.
-. The following table gives the somber and weight of apa sent
-and received through the Exchange Service separated into three
classes: Parliamentary documents, departmental documents,,.and
scientific and literary publications. ;
Packages aren Weight .
Sent | Received] Sent ..| Received
- on | se Pounds_|. Pounds
United States parliamentary documents sent abroad .. 2:2) 303, (OS eS ETA 4 SON [fis eke ale oe
Publications received in return for parliamentary documents-_- Mecha eee 9.633 |_-2: 2. epe 29, 316
United States departmental documents sent abroad ___---_-___- 122, 261 |----------| 128, 286 pases
Publications received in return for departmental documents ___-|2:2_---.-_ (229 O10 5) eee ass | 32, 624
Scientific and literary publications sent abroad____-___-____,_-- 160, 631 Eames ans 239, 402. Speers aacco
Scientific and literary publications received from abroad for |.’ ; ,
distribution in the United States... -.__, semaine mapeaeean2s|-cnmeeceeelyer PAN iOl ects suzeny f{h}2, 304
FIC 0 Gey] ere ec Reem se Le Seu u eM sd eR a Re er O46 71, 400 477,127 174, 334
= ye di 7 irae Ryan
(CETTE 0 Lal ete ade see anette GI eal eS AMR ead ela UR OBA Gea ~ 2 (651464
The number of boxes shipped abroad was 2,620, an increasé of 145
over the preceding year. Of these boxes, 540 were for depositories
of full sets of United States governmental documents, and thé re-
mainder (2,080) were for distribution to miscellaneous establish-
ments and individuals. In addition to the packages forwarded in
these boxes there were transmitted by. mail 87,296, an. increase.of
16: 397 over last year.
Lrigy ‘
2 2 © hry
Lies nies ne AeA We
5
58 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
BRUSSELS EXCHANGE CONVENTIONS
In 1886, some years after the organization of the Smithsonian
system of exchanges, there were concluded at Brussels between the
United States and a number of other countries two exchange conven-
tions. The first, Convention A (Stat., X XV, 1465), provided for the
international exchange of official documents and scientific and literary
publications; and the second, Convention B (Stat., X XV, 1469), pro-
vided for the immediate exchange of the official journal. The Smith-
sonian. Institution was charged by the Congress with the duty of
carrying out the provisions of those conventions on the part of the
United States (Stat., XIV, 573—Congressional Resolution approved
Mar. 2, 1867, setting aside 50 copies of all governmental documents
for seiicmas purposes; Stat., XXXI, 1464—Congressional Resolu-
tion approved Mar. 2, 1901, increasing the number of documents for
exchange to not exceeding 100 copies; Stat., XLITI, 1106—Printing
Act approved Mar. 2, 1901, further increasing the number to 125
copies; and Stat., XX XV, 1169—Congressional Resolution approved
Mar. 4, 1909, setting aside copies of the Congressional Record for
exchange with foreign parliamentary bodies).
Kight countries signed the first convention, namely the United
States, Belgium, Brazil, Italy, Portugal; Serbia (now Yugoslavia);
Spain, and Switzerland. The second convention was signed by all
of those countries except Switzerland. Since the ratification of the
Brussels Conventions the following countries have signified their
adherence thereto in the order in which they are listed:
Uruguay—both conventions, 1889.
. Argentine Republic—convention A, 1889.
. Paraguay— convention A, 1889.
. Czechoslovakia—both conventions, 1919.
Poland—convention A, 1920; convention B, 1921.
. Rumania—both conventions, 1923.
. Hungary—both conventions, 1923.
. Dominican Republic—both conventions, 1923.
. Latvia-—both conventions, 1924.
10. Free City of Danzig—both conventions, 1924.
11. China—both conventions, 1925.
12. Egypt—convention A, 1925,
CHONAKL wD
Although not all countries joined the exchange conventions, most:
of those not listed above have entered into exchange relations with
the United States and have established Siete bureaus to conduct the
work.
FOREIGN DEPOSITORIES OF GOVERNMENTAL DOCUMENTS
There are forwarded to foreign depositories 111 sets of United
States official publications, 61 of these being full sets and 50 partial
sets. The depository of the full set forwarded to Peru has been
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 59
changed from the Biblioteca Nacional to the Seccién de Propaganda
y Publicaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Lima.
DEPOSITORIES OF FULL SETS
ARGENTINA: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Buenos Aires.
Buenos Ares: Biblioteca de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La
Plata. (Depository of the Province of Buenos Aires.)
AusTRALIA: Library of the Commonwealth Parliament, Canberra.
New SourH WaLEs: Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney.
QUEENSLAND: Parliamentary Library, Brisbane.
SourH AUSTRALIA: Parliamentary Library, Adelaide.
TASMANIA: Parliamentary Library, Hobart.
VicrorIa: Public Library of Victoria, Melbourne.
WEsTERN AUSTRALIA: Public Library of Western Australia, Perth.
Austria: National Bibliothek, Wien I.
BrELGIuM: Bibliothéque Royale, Bruxelies.
Brazit: Bibliotheca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro.
CanapA: Library of Parliament, Ottawa.
MAanrtopa: Provincial Library, Winnipeg.
Ontario: Legislative Library, Toronto.
QuEBEC: Library of the Legislature of the Province of Quebec.
CHILE: Biblioteca del Congreso, Santiago.
Cura: National Central Library, Nanking.
CoLomeBiA: Biblioteca Nacional, Bogota.
Costa Rica: Oficina de Depésito y Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, San
José.
Cusa: Secretaria de Estado (Asuntos Generales y Canje Internacional),
Habana.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Bibliothéque de l’Assemblée Nationale, Prague.
DENMARK: Kongelige Bibliotheket, Copenhagen.
Ecypt: Bureau des Publications, Ministére des Finances, Cairo.
HstToniA: Riigiraamatukogu (State Library), Tallinn.
FRANCE: Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris.
GERMANY: Reichstauschstelle im Reichsministerium des Innern, Berlin C 2.
BavEN: Universitits-Bibliothek, Freiburg. (Depository of the State of
Baden.)
Bavaria: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Mtinchen.
Prussia: Preussische Staatsbibliothek, Berlin, N. W. T.
Saxony: Sichsische Landesbibliothek, Dresden—N. 6.
WourrtTEemMBurG: Landesbibliothek, Stuttgart.
GREAT BRITAIN:
ENGLAND: British Museum, London.
Guaseow: City Librarian, Mitchell Library, Glasgow.
Lonpon: London School of Economics and Political Science. (Depository
of the London County Council. )
Huneary: A Magyar orsziggyiilés kényvtaré, Budapest.
Inp1A: Imperial Library, Calcutta.
TRISH FREE Strate: National Library of Ireland, Dublin.
Iraty: Ministero dell’Hducazione Nazionale, Rome.
JAPAN: Imperial Library of Japan, Tokyo.
Latvia: Bibliothéque d’Etat, Riga.
LEAGUE OF NATIONS: Library of the League of Nations, Geneva, Switzerland.
60. ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
MEXICO >. Biblioteca, Nacional, Mexico, D. F. 2)
NETHERLANDS: Royal Library, The Hague.
New ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington.
NorTHERN IRELAND: H. M. Stationery Office, Belfast.
Norway: Universitets-Bibliothek, Oslo. (Depository of the Government of
Norway.) ie bcepeee
PERU : Seccion de Propaganda y Publicaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones
‘Exteri ior es, Lima.
PoLtanp: Bibliotheque Nationale, Warsaw.
PortuGaL: Bibliotheca Nacional, Lisbon.
Rumania: Academia Romana, Bucharest. z
Sparn: Servicio de Cambio Internacional, de Publicaciones, . Paseo ae Recnleres
20, Madrid.
Swepen : Kungliga Biblioteket, Sindttholtn:
SwiITzZERLAND: Bibliotheque Centrale Fédérale, Berne.
TURKEY: Ministére de l’Instruction Publique, Ankara.
Unton or SourH Arrica: State Library, Pretoria, Transvaal.
UNIoNn or Sovier Soctarist REPUBLICS: State Central Book Chamber,- “Moscow 4;
UKratne: All-Ukrainian Association for Cultural Relations with Foreign.
Countries, Kiev.
Uruguay: Oficina de Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, Montevideo.
VENEZUELA: Biblioteca Nacional, Caracas.
YUGOSLAVIA: Ministére de l’Education, Belgrade.
DEPOSITORIES OF PARTIAL SETS
AFGHANISTAN: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Publications Department, Kabul.
AUSTRIA : Vienna : Magistrat der Stadt Wien, Abteilung 51- Statistik.
Borivta: Biblioteca del H. Congreso Nacional, La Paz.
‘BRAZIL:
Mina4s GrrAres: Directoria Geral de Hstatistica em Minas, Bello Horizonte.
Rio DE JANEIRO: Bibliotheca da Assemblea Legislativa do Hstado, Nictheroy.
BRITISH GUIANA: Government Secretary’s Office, Georgetown, Demerara,
BULGARIA: Ministére des Affaires Etrangéres, Sofia.
CANADA:
“ALBERTA: Provincial Librar y, Edmonton.
“BRITISH COLUMBIA: Provincial Library, Victoria.
NEw Brunswick: Legislative Library, Fredericton.
Nova ScotrA: Provincial Secretary of Nova Scotia, Halifax.
Prince Epwarp Istanp: Legislative Library, Charlottetown.
SASKATCHEWAN: Government Library, Regina.
CEYLON: Chief Secretary’s Office (Record Department of the Library), Colombo.
CuinA: National Library, Peiping.
Danzic: Stadtbibliothek, Danzig.
Dominican Repustic: Biblioteca del Senado, Ciudad Trujillo.
Ecvapor: Biblioteca Nacional, Quito.
FINLAND: Parliamentary Library, .Helsingfors.
GERMANY:
BreMEN: Senatskommission fiir Reichs- und Auswiirtige Angelegenheiten.
HAmeBoure: Staats-und Universitits-Bibliothek.
Hesse: Universitits-Bibliothek, Giessen.
Liipeck: President of the Senate.
"THURINGIA : Rothenberg-Bibliothek, Landesuniversitit, Jena..
Greece: Libr ary of Parliament, Athens.
“ REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. . 61
‘GUATEMALA: Biblicteca Nacional, Guatemala. i a
Harri: Secrétaire d’Etat des Relations Extérieures, Port-au-Prince.
Honpuras: Biblioteca y Archivo Nacionales, Tegucigalpa.
IckeLANnp: National Library, Reykjavik.
INDIA: .
Assam: General and Judicial Department, Shillong.
BENGAL: Secretary, Bengal Legislative Council Department, Council House,
Caleutta.
BrHaR and Orissa: Revenue Department, Patna.
Bomeay: Undersecretary to the Government of Bombay, General Depart-
ment, Bombay. <
Burma: Secretary to the Government of Burma, Education Rep tMeny
Rangoon.
CENTRAL PROVINCES: General Administration Department, Net.
Mapras: Chief Secretary to the Government of Madras, Public Depart-
ment, Madras.
PunsaB: Chief Secretary to the Government of the Punjab, Lahore.
UNITED PROVINCES OF AGRA AND OUDH: University of Allahabad, STE MONG,
JAMAICA: Colonial Secretary, Kingston.
LiperiA: Department of State, Monrovia.
LrTHUANIA: Ministére des Affaires Etrangéres, Kaunas (Kovno).
Marra: Minister for the Treasury, Valletta.
NEWFOUNDLAND: Department of Home Affairs, St. John’s.
Nicaragua: Superintendente de Archivos Nacionales, Managua.
PANAMA: Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores, Panama.
Paraguay: Seeretario de la Presidencia de la Republica, Asuncidén.
Satvapor: Ministerio de Relaciones Hxteriores, San Salvador.
Sram: Department of Foreign Affairs, Bangkok.
STRAITS SETTLEMENTS: Colonial Secretary, Singapore.
Vatican City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City, Italy.
INTERPARLIAMENTARY EXCHANGE OF THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL
The forwarding of copies of the Congressional Record and the
Federal Register to the Bibliothek des Preussischen Landtags, Berlin,
has been discontinued as the Landtag has been abolished. The fol-
lowing have been added to the list of those receiving the Congres-
sional Record and the Federal Register: Staatskanzlei des Kantons
Berne, Staatskanzlei des Kantons St. Gallen, Staatskanzlei des Kan-
tons Schaffhausen, and Staatskanzlei des Kantons Zirich. The total
number of copies of these documents now forwarded abroad is 105.
A complete list of the depositories is given below:
DEPOSITORIES OF CONGRESSIONAL RECORD
ALBANIA: Ministrija Mibretnore e Punéyeté Jashtme, Tirana.
ARGENTINA :
Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional, Buenos Aires.
Camara de Diputados, Oficina de Informacion Parlamentaria, Buenos Aires.
AUSTRALIA :
Library of the Commonwealth Parliament, Canberra.
New SoutH WaAtEsS: Library of Parliament of New South Wales, Sydney.
QUEENSLAND: Chief Secretary’s Office, Brisbane.
WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Library of Parliament of Western Australia, Perth.
62 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Austria: Bibliothek des Hauses der Bundesgesetzgebung, Wien I.
Berrerum: Bibliothéque de la chambre des Représentants, Bruxelles.
Bottvia: Biblioteca del H. Congreso Nacional, La Paz.
BRAZIL:
Bibliotheca do Congresso Nacional, Rio de Janeiro.
Amazonas: Archivo, Bibliotheca e Imprensa Publica, Manaos.
BautaA: Governador do Estado da Bahia, Sio Salvador.
Bspirtro Santo: Presidencia do Estado do Espirito Santo, Victoria.
Rio GRANDE DO Sur: “A Federagao”, Porto Alegre.
Sercire: Bibliotheca Publica do Estado de Sergipe, Aracajt.
SAo Pauto: Diario Official do Estado de Sio Paulo, Sao Paulo.
BritisH Honpuras: Colonial Secretary, Belize.
CANADA:
Library of Parliament, Ottawa.
Clerk of the Senate, Houses of Parliament, Ottawa.
CuiInA: National Central Library, Nanking.
Cusa: Biblioteca del Capitolio, Habana.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Bibliothéque de l’Assemblée Nationale, Prague.
Danzic: Stadtbibliothek, Danzig.
DENMARK: Rigsdagens Bureau, Copenhagen.
DoMINICAN REPUBLIC: Biblioteca del Senado, Ciudad Trujillo.
DutcH Hast Inpies: Volksraad von Nederlandsch-Indié, Batavia, Java.
Ecyret: Bureau des Publications, Ministére des Finances, Cairo.
Estonia: Riigiraamatukogu (State Library), Tallinn.
FRANCE:
Chambre des Députés, Service de l’Information Parlementaire Htrangére,
Paris.
Bibliothéque du Sénat, au Palais du Luxembourg, Paris.
Bibliotheque, Direction des Accords commerciaux, Ministére du Commerce,
Paris.
GERMANY:
Deutsche Reichstags-Bibliothek, Berlin, N. W. 7.
Reichsfinanzministerium, Berlin, W. 8.
ANHALT: Anhaltische Landesbiicherei, Dessau.
BRAUNSCHWEIG: Bibliothek des Braunschweigischen Staatsministeriums,
Braunschweig.
MECKLENBURG: Staatsministerium, Schwerin.
OLDENBURG: Oldenburgisches Staatsministerium, Oldenburg i. O.
ScHaumBuKG-Lippe: Schaumburg-Lippische Landesregierung, Bticheburg.
GIBRALTAR: Gibraltar Garrison Library Committee, Gibraltar.
GREAT BriTain: Library of the Foreign Office, London.
GREECE: Library of Parliament, Athens.
GUATEMALA: Biblioteca de la Asamblea Legislativa, Guatemala.
HonpurAs: Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional, Tegucigalpa.
Huneary: A Magyar orszaggyiilés kényvtara, Budapest.
InprA: Legislative Department, Simla.
IRAN: Library of the Iranian Parliament, Téhéran.
IRAQ: Chamber of Deputies, Baghdad.
InisH FREE STATE: Dail Eireann, Dublin.
ITALY:
Biblioteca della Camera dei Deputati, Rome.
Biblioteca del Senato del Regno, Rome.
Ufficio degli Studi Legislativi, Senato del Regno, Rome.
LAtviA: Valsts Biblioteka, Riga.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 63
LEeaGuEe or Nations: Library of the League of Nations, Geneva, Switzerland.
LIBERIA: Department of State, Monrovia.
Mexico: Secretaria de la Camara de Diputados, Mexico, D. F.
AGUASCALIENTES: Gobernador del Estado de Aguascalientes, Aguascaiientes.
CAMPECHE: Gobernador del Estado de Campeche, Campeche.
CHIAPAS; Gobernador del Estado de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez.
CHIHUAHUA: Gobernador del Estado de Chihuahua, Chihuahua.
CoaHuImA: Periédico Oficial del Estado de Coahuila, Palacio de Gobierno,
Saltillo.
Corima: Gobernador del Estado de Colima, Colima.
DuRANGO: Gobernador Constitucional del Estado de Durango, Durango.
GUANAJUATO: Secretaria General de Gobierno del Hstado, Guanajuato.
GUERRERO: Gobernador del Estado de Guerrero, Chilpancingo.
JALISCO: Biblioteca del Estado, Guadalajara.
LOWER CALIFORNIA: Gobernador del Distrito Norte, Mexicali, B. C., Mexico.
Mexico: Gaceta del Gobierno, Toluca, Mexico.
MicHoAcAn: Secretaria General de Gobierno del Hstado de Michoacan,
Morelia.
MorELos: Palacio de Gobierno, Cuernavaca.
NAyYARIT: Gobernador de Nayarit, Tepic.
Nuvo LEON: Biblioteca del Estado, Monterey.
OAXACA: Periddico Oficial, Palacio de Gobierno, Oaxaca.
Pussia: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Puebla.
QUERETARO: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Secci6n de Archivo, Queretaro.
SAN Luis Poresi: Congreso del Estado, San Luis Potosi.
SrnALoA: Gobernador del Mstado de Sinaloa, Culiacan.
Sonora: Gobernador del Estado de Sonora, Hermosillo.
Tapasco: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Seccién 8a, Ramo de Prensa,
Villahermosa.
TAMAULIPAS: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Victoria.
TLAXCALA: Secretaria de Gobierno del Estado, Tlaxcala.
Vera Cruz: Gobernador del Estado de Vera Cruz, Departamento de Gober-
nacion y Justicia, Jalapa.
YucaTAn: Gobernador del Estado de Yucatén, Mérida, Yucatan.
NEw ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington.
Norway: Storthingets, Bibliothek, Oslo.
Prru: Camara de Diputados, Lima.
POLAND: Bibljoteka Narodowa, Warsaw.
PoRTUGAL: Secretario da Assemblea Nacional, Lisboa.
RUMANIA;
Bibliothéque de la Chambre des Députés, Bucharest.
Ministére des Affaires Eitrangéres, Bucharest.
SPAIN:
Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional, Madrid.
Catalunya: Biblioteca del Parlament de Catalunya, Barcelona.
SWITZERLAND: Bibliothéque de Assemblée Fédérale Suisse, Berne.
Berne: Staatskanzlei des Kantons Berne.
St. Gallen: Staatskanzlei des Kantons St. Gallen.
Schaffhausen: Staatskanzlei des Kantons Schaffhausen.
Zurich: Staatskanzlei des Kantons Zitirich.
SYRIA:
Ministére des Finances de la République Libanaise, Service du Matériel,
Beirut.
Governor of the State of Alaouites, Lattaquié.
64 ANNUAL REPORT. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
TuRKEY: Turkish Grand National Assembly, Ankara.
UNION oF SouTH AFRICA:
Library of Parliament, Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope.
State Library, Pretoria, Transvaal.
Urnucuay: Diario Oficial, Calle Florida 1178, Montevideo.
VENEZUELA: Biblioteca del Congreso, Caracas.
Vatican Crry: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City, Italy.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE AGENCIES
The work of the Peruvian Exchange Agency has been transferred
from the Biblioteca Nacional to the Seccién de Propaganda y Pub-
licaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Lima.
LIST OF EXCHANGE AGENCIES
ALGERIA, Via France.
ANGOLA, via Portugal.
ARGENTINA: Comisi6n Protectora de Bibliotccas Populares, Gani Internacional,
Calle Callao 1540, Buenos Aires.
AUSTRIA: Internationale Austauschstelle, National-Bibliothek, Wien, I.
AZORES, via Portugal.
BrtciumM: Service Belge des Echanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Royale *de
Belgique, Bruxelles.
Borivia: Oficina Nacional de Estadistica, La Paz.
Brazit: Servico de Permutacdes Internacienaes, Bibliotheca Nacional, Rio de
Janeiro.
British Guiana: Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society, Georgetown:
BRITISH Honpuras: Colonial Secretary, Belize.
ButeariA: Institutions Scientifiques de S. M. de Roi de Bulgarie, Sofia.
CANADA: Sent by mail.
CANARY ISLANDS, via Spain.
CHILE: Servicio de Canjes Internacionales, Biblioteca Nacional, Santiago.
CHINA: Bureau of International Exchange, National:-Central Library, Nanking.
CotompBiA: Oficina de Canjes Internacionales y Reparto, Biblicteca Nacional;
Bogota. ;
Costa Rica: Oficina de Depdésito
José.
Cusa: Sent by mail.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Service Tchécoslovague des changes Internationaux, Biblio-
théque de l’Assemblée Nationale, Prague 1-79.
Danzic: Amt fiir den Internaticnaien Schrifienavstausch der Freien eiadt
Danzig, Stadtbibliothek, Danzig.
DENMARK: Service Danois des Echanges Internationaux, Kongelige inane
Videnskabernes Selskab, Copenhagen V.
DutTcH GUIANA: Surinaamsche Koloniale Bibliotheek, Paramaribo.
Ecuapor: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Quito.
Heyer: Government Press, Publications Office, Bulag, Cairo.
Hstonia: Riigiraamatukogu (State Library), Tallinn.
FINLAND: Delegation of the Scientific Societies of Finland, Kasiirngatan 24,
Helsingfors.
FRANCE: Service Francais des Echanges TInternationaux, 110 Rue de Grenelle,.
Paris.
y Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, San
“REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 9 65
GrerRMANY: Amerika-Institut, Universitatstrasse 8, Berlin, N. W. 7. 3 HW RLUE
GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND: Wheldon & Wesley, 2-4 Harnshaw St., New Oxford
St., London, W. C. 2.
GREECE: Bibliothéque Nationale, Athens.
GREENLAND, via Denmark.
GUATEMALA: Instituto Nacional de Varones, omaremel la.
Hair: Secrétaire d’Etat des Relations Extérieures, Port-au-Prince.
Honpuras: Biblioteca Nacional, Tegucigalpa.
Huneary: Hungarian Libraries Board, Ferenciektere 5, Budapest, IV.
IGELAND, via Denmark. —
InpIA: Superintendent of Government Printing and Stationery, Bombay.
ITaty: R. Ufficio degli Scambi Internazionaii, Ministero dell’ Educazione
Nazionale, Rome.
Jamaroa: Institute of Jamaica, Kingston.
JAPAN: Imperial Library of Japan, Uyeno Park, Tokyo.
JAvA, via Netherlands.
Latvia: Service des Wechanges: Internationaux, Bibliothéque d’Htat de Lettonie,
Riga.
LisrriA: Bureau of Exchanges, Department of State, Monrovia.
LITHUANIA: Sent by mail.
LOURENCO MARQUEZ, via Portugal.
LUXEMBOURG, via Belgium.
MADAGASCAR, via France.
Maprrra, via Portugal.
Mexico: Sent by mail.
MozAMBriQusH, via Portugal.
NETHERLANDS: International Exchange Bureau of the Netherlands, Royal
Library, The Hague.
New SourH WALES: Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney.
New ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington.
NICARAGUA: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Managua.
Norway: Service Norvégien des Echanges Iaternationaux, Bibliotheque de
l’Université Royale, Oslo.
PALESTINE: Hebrew University Library, Jerusalem.
PANAMA: Sent by mail.
Paraguay: Secci6n Canje Internacional de Publicaciones del Ministerio de
Rejaciones Exteriores, Asuncion.
Peru: Seccién de Propaganda y Publicaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones Hx-
teriores, Lima.
PoLAND: Service Polonais des Hchanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Nationale,
Warsaw.
PorruGaL: Seccaio de Trocas Internacionaes, Bibliotheca Nacional, Lisboa.
QUEENSLAND: Bureau of Exchanges of International Publications, Chief Secre-
tary’s Office, Brisbane.
RuMANIA: Bureau des Echanges Internationaux, Institut Météorologique
Central, Bucharest.
Satvapor: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, San Salvador.
Stam: Department of Foreign Affairs, Bangkok.
Sourn AvustTratia: South Australian Government Exchanges Bureau, Govern-
ment Printing and Stationery Office, Adelaide.
Spatn: Servicio de Cambio Internacional de Publicaciones, Paseo de Recoletos
20, bajo derecha, Madrid.
66 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
SUMATRA, via Netherlands.
SweEpen : Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien, Stockholm.
SwITzeRLAND: Service Suisse des Echanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Cen-
trale Fédérale, Berne.
Syria: American University of Beirut.
TASMANIA: Secretary to the Premier, Hobart.
TRINIDAD: Royal Victoria Institute of Trinidad and Tobago, Port-of-Spain.
TUNIS: via France.
TURKEY: Robert College, Istanbul.
Union or SoutH Arrica: Government Printing and Stationery Office, Cape
Town, Cape of Good Hope.
Union oF Sovier Soctatist RePpuBLIcS: Library of the Academy of Sciences of
the U. S. S. R., Exchange Service, Leningrad, V. O.
Urucuay: Oficina de Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, Ministerio de Rela-
ciones Exteriores, Montevideo.
VENEZUELA: Biblioteca Nacional, Caracas.
VictoriIA: Public Library of Victoria, Melbourne.
WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Public Library of Western Australia, Perth.
Yucostavia: Section des Echanges Internationaux, Ministére des Affaires
Etrangéres, Belgrade.
Respectfully submitted.
C. W. SHoemaxer, Chief Clerk.
Dr. C. G. Axzor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 6
REPORT ON THE NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the opera-
tions of the National Zoological Park for the fiscal year ended June
30, 1937:
The regular appropriation made by Congress for the maintenance.
of the Park was $225,000, all of which was expended.
IMPROVEMENTS
The fiscal year 1937 was probably the most outstanding in the
history of the Zoo. The construction under the Public Works Ad-
ministration grant of $892,920 was completed. These improvements
include a brick exhibition building for small mammals and great
apes; a stone exhibition building to house large mammals; a new
wing to the bird house; a two-story building for machine and car-
penter shops; a stone garage; the installation of three 250-horse-
power down-draft boilers in the central heating plant; an extension
of the conduit system to the small mammal house and large mammal
house; and rearrangement of the electric supply distribution sys-
tem, a portion of which was put underground.
The small mammal and great ape house was completed and opened
to the public in May 1937. It is approximately 185 by 115 feet and
contains 96 cages and tanks varying in size from 18 by 12 by 26
inches to 12 by 40 by 10 feet, which provide accommodations for a
considerable variety of animals. The building consists of four sec-
tions: A large central room with cages in the center and around the
sides, some with glass fronts and others with steel bars; a wing for
the great apes with a glass partition between the animals and the
public; a third room for the gibbons, which are likewise partitioned
from the public by glass; and a fourth room, semicircular in form,
which is termed the nocturnal room and is designed to house an array
of small creatures that are rarely shown in collections. The build-
ing is fairly easy to keep clean, and the system of forced ventilation
eliminates practically all the odor.
The contract work on the large mammal house was completed in
June 1937, but considerable still remains to be done before it is ready
for occupancy. This work is being carried on by the Zoo’s regular
personnel which it is hoped will be augmented by assistance from
67
68 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
W. P. A. It is anticipated that the building will be occupied by
animals late in the summer of 1937.
The structure is about 227 by 90 feet and is designed to accommodate
elephants, rhinos, hippos, pigmy hippos, tapirs, and giraffes, for
which it has 13 inside cages ranging in size from 12 by 19 feet to
22 by 58 feet. Several of the inside cages have pools, and each
cage connects with an outside yard in which the animals are re-
tained by dry moats in lieu of fences. The design of the building is
simple, well proportioned, and beautiful. The public space is 30 by
165 feet, and the sound-deadening effect of the acoustical tile on the
ceiling produces a highly satisfactory condition. The walls of the
cages for the hippo, African and Indian elephants, and giraffe have
been painted with appropriate backgrounds by artists of the oe
art relief project.
The addition to the bird house, 43 by 133 feet, was completed in
November 1936. This wing contains 27 glass- ronal cages, one of
which has insulated walls and a glass top and is provided with a re-
frigeration system which makes it a well-lighted cold storage room.
This was stocked with penguins, which are thriving in the uniform
temperature of 63° F. The backs of a number of the cages, including
that of the penguin room, have been decorated with scenes representing
various geographical regions, which greatly enhances the attrac-
tiveness of the exhibits. The art work was done by the Treasury
art relief project.
The installation of new boilers in the central heating plant was
completed late in the summer of 1936, and the plant was used during
the winter of 1936-7.
_ The mechanical shop building is of stone, 51 by 100 feet, 2 stories;
the lower story accommodates a stockroom and iron and machine
work, and the upper story is mainly for carpentry work. The im-
proved facilities provided by this have permitted much greater effi-
ciency of operations in the maintenance of the Park than had been
possible heretofore.
The stone garage, 56 by 64 feet, was built near the boiler room
and completed late in the summer of 1936. }
From July 1, 1986, until January 27, 1937, a small and diminishing
group of W. P. A. laborers was available for miscellaneous work
about the Park. With this labor a variety of work was accomplished,
including repairing and resurfacing some roads and walks. A trench
600 feet long was dug for the laine of electric conduit from the
bird house to the ne ge mammal house. ‘Trenches also were dug.
for the laying of Shon 600 feet of sanitary sewers and drains. More
than 400 cubic yards of sand was hauled from the creek bed, cleaned
and screened for use in concrete work. Miscellaneous Satine was
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 6 PLATE 3
1. LARGE MAMMAL HOUSE AS SEEN FROM THE WEST. ELEPHANT YARD AND POOL
IN FOREGROUND, AND GIRAFFE YARD AT LEFT.
SNe
ESTEE
2. INTERIOR OF LARGE MAMMAL HOUSE LOOKING TOWARD HIPPO POOL.
PLATE 4
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 6
:
<
HIPPO IN POOL IN LARGE MAMMAL HOUSE
1
REFRIGERATED PENGUIN CAGE IN BIRD HOUSE.
2
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 6 PLATE 5
1. EXTERIOR OF NEW ADDITION TO BIRD HOUSE.
2. INTERIOR OF NEW ADDITION TO BIRD HOUSE.
Secretary’s Report, 1937.—Appendix 6 PLATE 6
1. SMALL MAMMAL HOUSE AS SEEN FROM THE ROAD.
2. INTERIOR OF NOCTURNAL ROOM OF SMALL MAMMAL. HOUSE.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 69
done about the Park. General improvement work about the grounds,
including seeding, sodding, and planting of trees and shrubs, was
carried on as well as the continuance of eradication of poison ivy
in the sections of the Park most used by the public.
Normal maintenance operations of the Park required all the mate-
rials and personnel that could be supplied under the regular appro-
priation, so almost no improvements were made under the regular
funds. Indeed, a great deal of finishing up work remains to be
done around the newly constructed buildings or in them but is
progressing very slowly because of lack of manpower and materials.
A bookbinder assigned to the Smithsonian Institution by the
W.. P. A. has bound, rebound, or repaired a considerable number of
publications in the Zoo branch of the Smithsonian Institution
library, resulting in a great improvement in the condition and use-
fulness of the library.
The work of classifying and arranging in their proper places in
the library various publications of use in the Zoo has progressed
very satisfactorily through the arrangement whereby a member of
the Smithsonian Institution’s regular library force comes to the
Zoo once a week and carries out this type of work.
EXPEDITION
The National Geographic Society-Smithsonian Institution East
Indies Expedition, which is financed by the National Geographic
Society to obtain animals for this Zoo, left Washington in two sec-
tions. Dr. William M. Mann, Director of the Park, Mrs. Mann, and
Dr. Maynard Owen Williams, chief of the foreign editorial staff
of the National Geographic, left Washington January 12 and sailed
from Vancouver, B. C., January 19 on the Hmpress of Asia for south-
ern Asiatic points. On February 9, Roy Jennier, assistant head
keeper, and Malcolm Davis, keeper, in the National Zoological Park,
left Washington with 28 animals (2 black bears, 2 pumas, 2 jaguars,
4 raccoons, 3 opossums, 10 alligators, and 5 hellbenders), sailed from
New York February 11 on the steamer 7Z’alisse and arrived at Bel-
awan-Deli, Sumatra, March 22, 1937, where Dr. Mann had previously
landed and had established headquarters for the expedition. The
American animals were intended for zoos in the Far East. At the
close of this fiscal year the expedition is still in the field, and it will
not return to Washington until late in September or October 1937.
Information as to the animal collection being assembled indicates a
satisfactory trip.
NEEDS OF THE ZOO
The remaining two most important structural needs of the Zoo
are a new antelope building and a new restaurant building.
70 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
The old frame structure now called the antelope house accom-
modates animals of a higher total value than any other single struc-
ture now occupied in the Park. It is an unhealthful type of struc-
ture, a dangerous fire hazard, is difficult to heat and expensive to
maintain. A new building adapted for the magnificent and re-
markable group of rather delicate even-toed hoofed creatures is much
needed.
The old frame shelter now housing the restaurant and concession
stand is badly deteriorated and entirely inadequate to accommodate
the large volume of business that has developed with the increasing
attendance at the Zoo. The construction of a suitable building
would be a self-liquidating undertaking, as the annual revenue de-
rived from the restaurant concession has been $6,012 per annum for
the past 3 years, and for the forthcoming 3 years will be $9,012
per annum.
There is also need for some additional walks and roads that we
hope may be constructed with the aid of the W. P. A.
VISITORS FOR THE YEAR
CLOT yeaa me iS DAB OO) | Nalone wie. 95, 000
PANU SUS tes et SOME 829 400) Mia cya oe a ee eG OO,
Sepa cera ere ae RA at at DES ya OOD Hh ANCONA a 239, 700
Octo Merges ules Mera eee 1645400)) May. 2224 we 318, 350
IN|OwSiaal Nee 153, 450 | June ighic ube es cl ania 265, 600
IDexeerenaysie a 2) Sil, Dao ——_—-
Vana y eee else S Sh 45 (0) Mo Cel ea Be Aen aN Ee 2, 485, 520
The attendance of organizations, mainly classes of students, of
which there is definite record was 34,120 from 688 different schools
in 20 States and the District of Columbia, as follows:
Number | Number Number | Number
State of of State of of
persons parties persons | parties
INI of 300} apes ena ee 20 1 || North Carolina_-____.--__---- 1, 262 37
@onnecticut= =a aaae eee 109 2 DKS ee eee gaya he gS ee 34 26
Delaware_-.------- oeereadease 486 10 |} Pennsylvania__..___-----_---- 8, 552 167
District of Columbia___------ 6, 638 132 |} Rhode Island___--__---_.___-- 40 1
Georgi ae eee 363 11 |} South Carolina 234 7
Maine ee 107 2 || Tennessee___--___-- 16 1
Maryland_-_------ 4, 659 Com Arenal sees ea ee 4,870 85
Massachusetts__-- 337 9 || West Virginia_~._..--_--__-=- 452 10
IMM ee I ee ee 86 2 || Conventions—Members of
IMUSSOUTINR nee 46 1 various States_____________- 140 2
New Hampshire__-_---------- 72 1 | eee
ING Wwidlersey2enue en 228 2, 519 32 Notal Aaya eesrloa WE 34, 120 638
NIG WAX OF Kens ee a ed 2,178 24
About 3 o’clock every afternoon, except Sundays and holidays, a
census is made of the cars parked on the Zoo grounds. During the
year 32,668 were so listed, representing every State in the Union,
Canada, Mexico, Canal Zone, Alaska, and Cuba. Since the total
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY | val
number is merely a record of those actually parked at one time,
it is not of value as indicating a total attendance but is of impor-
tance as showing the percentage attendance by States, Territories,
and countries. The District of Columbia comprised slightly over
48 percent; Maryland, 21 percent; Virginia, 14 percent; and the
remaining cars were from other States, Territories, and countries.
During years in which counts have been made on Sunday as well
as during the week it has been found that the percentage of cars
from the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia is less, and
the percentage of the more distant States is correspondingly in-
creased. This is brought about by tourists coming to the Zoo on
Sundays when other points of interest are closed to them.
_ The nineteenth annual meeting of the American Society of Mam-
malogists was held in Washington May 4 to 8, inclusive. Their
program included a trip to the Zoo on May 8, where luncheon was
served in the large mammal house. The small mammal house was
first opened to the public as this organization entered it.
ACCESSIONS
Gifts.—Many specimens were received as gifts this year. Inter-
esting additions were a pair each of cheer pheasants and white-
crested kaleege from Dr. J. Delacour, Cleres, France; a pair of blue-
crowned hanging paroquets and a tui paroquet from Alan N. Steyne,
Washington, D. C., and a male Kaibab squirrel from the United
States Forest Service.
We take this opportunity to express appreciation for the assist-
ance and cooperation of the personnel of the United States Biological
Survey, National Park Service, and Forest Service, and Vernon
Bailey, of Washington, D. C., Theodore Scheffer, of Puyallup, Wash.,
Alex Walker, of Tillamook, Oreg., and John M. Davis, of Arlington,
Va., for gifts of American small mammals for stocking the small
mammal house when it was opened. More than 150 small mam-
mals were received through them from localities ranging from
Georgia to Washington and Oregon.
When the small mammal and great ape house was completed, the
Director of the Park was on an extended trip to the southern Asiatic
region to assemble a collection for the Zoo, so it was not advisable,
even if it had been financially possible, to stock this building with
exotic animals. Arrangements were accordinely made for plac-
ing on exhibition a collection of American small mammals. It was
probably the largest and best collection of its kind ever assembled,
and has attracted much favorable attention. It is particularly
valuable in showing the considerable diversity of forms common to
North America and which are frequently overlooked: or ignored.
22606—37——6
72. ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Also, it is of value because it has given visitors an opportunity to
study rather closely animals that are of great economic importance
either because of their beneficial or destructive habits or their value
for fur,
DONORS AND THEIR GIFTS:
Mrs. Anna H. Anderson, Washington,. D. C., alligator.
A. M. Aytona, Washington, D. C., opossum.
L. D. Babbitt, Petersham, Mass., through Dr. Doris M. Cochran, copperhead
snake, hog-nosed snake, spotted turtle, musk turtle.
Miss M. B. Bailey, Hyattsville, Md., 3 Pekin ducks.
Vernon Bailey, Washington, D. C., 3 flying squirrels, short-tailed shrew.
Mrs. John B. Baker, Durham, N. C., rhesus monkey.
Marshall Banks, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
Dr. Thos. Barbour, Cambridge, Mass., chicken snake, corn snake, 3 garter
snakes, 2 black snakes, 2 king snakes, 15 water snakes.
Mrs. Virgil Barker, Fort Myers, Fla., broad-winged hawk.
Mrs. Beavers, Mt. Rainier, Md., black widow spider and eggs.
C. T. R. Bohannon, Carlsbad, N. Mex., prairie rattlesnake.
V. EK. Bolton, Washington, D. C., opossum.
W. L. Bond, Fredericksburg, Va., 2 barn owls.
Julius Booker, C. C. C., Belvoir, Va., copperhead snake.
Miss Mary L. Borger, Chevy Chase, Md., white rabbit.
Harlie Branch, Washington, D. C., alligator.
R. D. Brands, Washington, D. C., groundhog.
Mrs. Richard Brickway, Washington, D. C., orange-fronted parrot.
Dr. Alice L. Brown, Washington, D. C., 18 black skimmers.
Miss Caroline Brown, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Elwood Brown, Washington, D. C., white-throated capuchin.
S. K. Brown, Eustis, Fla., 4 corn snakes, 2 pine snakes, 3 coral snakes, water
moccasin.
Mrs. T. R. Brown, Washington, D. C., Belgian rabbit.
L. J. Burner, Maurertown, Va., raccoon.
Dr. A. Busk, Washington, D. C., 2 grass paroquets.
Miss Anna Butler, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot.
Adjutant Carnahan, Washington, D. C., raccoon.
Dr. Doris M. Cochran, Washington, D. C., blacksnake.
Frederick Cochrane, Washington, D. C., alligator.
C, P. Coe, Chevy Chase, Md., raccoon.
Mrs. J. L. Cotton, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
Mrs. S. C. Cotton, Washington, D. C., 2 grass paroquets.
Mrs. J. M. Cox, Washington, D. C., 6 moles.
Raymond Crawford, Warren, Ohio, 2 sidewinder rattlesnakes, 2 chuckwalla
lizards, gopher tortoise, 2 horn snakes, king snake.
C. R. Cruey, Centerville, Va., great white heron.
Frank Cundall, Kingston, Jamaica, Jamaica boa.
P. B. Darling, Washington, D. C., red fox.
Miss Priscilla Deane, Washington, D. C., bobwhite.
B. L. Deitzel, Washington, D. C., tarantula.
Dr. J. Delacour, Cleres, France, 2 cheer pheasants, 2 white-crested kaleege.
J. P. Delphey, Frederick, Md., Javan macaque, rhesus monkey.
Irving Denenberg, Washington, D. C., pied-billed grebe.
C. F. Denley, Glenmont, Md., 2 ring-necked pheasants, 2 white ring-necked
pheasants.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY
Mario DePrato, Washington, D. C., 3 geckos, garter snake.
Mrs. Catherine L. Devine, Washington, D. C., alligator.
HF. H. Dreyer, Laurel, Md,, Cooper’s hawk.
Vernon Dye, Alexandria, Va., barred owl.
Billy Harman, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Mrs. C. W. Elliott, Washington, D. C., double yellow-headed parrot.
Mrs. J. H. Elvin, Washington, D. C., 3 Pekin ducks.
Dr. Wm. O. Hmory, Washington, D. C., 5 salamanders.
Mrs. Arnold Flack, Washington, D. C., 2 grass paroquets.
Florida Reptile Institute, Silver Springs, Fla., 2 red-shouldered hawks.
Dr. R. H. Ford, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
Mrs. C. R. Fornwald, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
Mrs. Agnes L. Fort, Washington, D. C., double yellow-headed parrot.
M. B. Foster, Orlando, Fla., corn snake, mud or horn snake.
Mrs. Edith Frazier, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot.
C. B. Freeman, Washington, D. C., 4 screech owls.
R. L. George, King City, Calif., yellow-billed magpie.
Frank Glaisdell, Washington, D. C., 24 horned lizards.
Sol Gnatt, Washington, D. C., water moccasin.
W. R. Gorman, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
Louis Granados, Riverdale, Md., blacksnake.
Donald Griftin, Cambridge, Mass., 9 hibernating bats.
R. Grove, Washington, D. C., raccoon.
Joseph Gruss, Waldorf, Md., bald eagle.
Mrs. Emma T. Hahm, Washingten, D. C., 3 fan-tailed pigeons.
Miss Matilda J. Hahn, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Miss Reba Haiden, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Hugh M. Hamill, Sells, Ariz., desert rattlesnake.
J. Harvey, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
73
Thaddeus Hess, Marine Band, Washington, D. C., 5 pygmy rattlesnakes, 5
Florida diamond-back rattlesnakes, 12 water moccasins, blacksnake, cori
snake, 2 Florida king snakes, hoop snake or rainbow snake.
W. H. Hill, Petersburg, Va., banded rattlesnake.
P. J. Hollohan, Washington, D. C., Cuban parrot.
Mrs. N. Horan, Washington, D. C., African gray parrot.
L. C. Hosley, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
K. N. Hosmer, Arlington, Va., alligator. ;
Billy Householder, Phoenix, Ariz., Agassiz’s tortoise.
Bob Householder, Phoenix, Ariz., Gila monster.
Tom Householder, Phoenix, Ariz., tarantula.
Dr. Claude Hudson, Washington, D. C., 18 red moon fish.
C. L. Hugh, Washington, D. C., opossum.
John H. Jackson, Oak Grove, Va., great horned owl.
W. B. Jones, Tuscaloosa, Ala., 2 water moccasins, 2 chicken snakes, copper-
head snake.
Ellis S. Joseph, New York City, 10 banded finches.
L. S. Julier, Chevy Chase, Md., 2 Java sparrows.
Mrs. Martha Junkin, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
Wilbert Kaiser, Laurel, Md., bald eagle.
Walter Karig, Alexandria, Va., red-vented bulbul.
Mrs. A. S. Keever, Washington, D. C., ground squirrel.
Jacob W. Kennedy,.Washington, D. C., tarantula.
C. T. Kettler, Washington, D. C., ribbon snakes.
J. B. Kimes, Silver Spring, Md., barn owl.
74. ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
R. Lambert, Washington, D. C., 2 bobwhites.
Lester Leigh, Dade City, Fla., 8 garter snakes, chicken snake, 3 southerm
pilot snakes, 3 Florida king snakes, 3 mud or horned snakes.
M. Libert and Wm. Spawn, Washington, D. C., trap door spider and nest.
Letty L. Light, Washington, D. C., sparrowhawk.
Capt. G. E. Lightcap, Washington, D. C., barred owl.
Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Lincoln, Washington, D. C., salamander.
A. Loveridge, Cambridge, Mass., 2 chicken snakes, black snake, king snake,
corn snake.
Rowland Lyon, Chevy Chase, Md., opossum.
‘W. Mackay, Washington, D. C., alligator.
KE. B. Maddox, Hyattsville, Md., 2 raccoons.
Herbert Magruder, Washington, D. C., black snake.
Harry A. Mahone, Roanoke, Va., indigo snake.
Harold E. Martin, Washington, D. C., horseshoe erab.
Maryland University through Dr. Burhoe, 8 hairless rats.
H. W. D. Mayers, Collinsville, Conn., 2 green guenons.
R. H. McCauley, Ithaca, N. Y., 2 pine snakes, indigo snake.
Miss J. McDuffie, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
Mrs. J. D. McDuffie, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
EH. A. Meclihenny, Avery Island, La., 10 wood ducks, black Carolina and
turkey vulture hybrid.
Dr. Kenneth Meyers, Detroit, Mich., 5 lizards.
Mrs. Robert Montgomery, Washington, D. C., 2 horned lizards.
R. S. C. Morman, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Wesley McC. Morris, Ednor, Md., 2 Formosan ring-necked pheasants,
Miss F. C. Mortimer, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
EH. C. Moyer, Washington, D. C., opossum.
Stanley Mulaik, Rio Grande City, Tex., through Dr. Doris M. Cochran, 2
sealy lizards.
Mrs. J. Murcelle, Washington, D. C., blue jay.
Miss Ann C. Murray, Cumberstone, Md., 2 gray foxes.
National Park Service, through A. H. Borell, Phoenix, Ariz., 12 desert pocket
mice.
Mrs. E. Page, Washington, D. C., double yellow-head parrot.
Drury Parks, Washington, D. C., orange-crested cockatoo.
R. L. Parnell, Alexandria, Va., 2 great-horned owls.
Mrs. E. Penn, Washington, D. C., flying squirrel.
D. N. Pratt, Washington, D. C., mouse opossum.
L. C. Probert, Olney, Md., mute swan.
U. 8S. Randle, Randle Highlands, D. C., American black bear.
F. A. Rapp, Washington, D. C., great blue heron.
Miss Helen Roach, Washington, D. C., 2 Pekin ducks.
E. H. Rolston, Alexandria, Va., 2 gopher tortoises.
Carroll W. Ruhle, Washington, D. C., pilot snake, queen snake, water snake,
3 ring-necked snakes, worm snake.
Mrs. Charles Saltzman, Silver Spring, Md., 2 flying squirrels.
Andrew Santorios, Washington, D. C., 2 tarantulas.
James PR. Sarton, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Earl Saunders, Washington, D. C., Canadian porcupine.
Edward Saunders, Kensington, Md., screech owl.
Theodore H. Scheffer, Puyallup, Wash., 4 yelm pocket mice, 2 mountain beavers,
varying hare.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 75
Dr. Schultz and Mr. Reid, Washington, D. C., pilot snake.
W. W. Schwink, Washington, D. C., woodchuck.
Harry Sedley, Washington, D. C., marine turtle.
Miss Carolyn Sheldon, Woodstock, Vt., 2 eastern chipmunks.
W. H. Sherbert, Edgewater, Md., red-shouldered hawk.
John Shorey, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
G. W. Shuster, Washington, D, C., baby raccoon.
Allen Smith, Washington, D. C., 2 fence lizards.
Miss Betty Smith, Washington, D. C., white rabbit.
Miss Daisy Smith, Newark, Del., ferret.
Otto Smith, Harpers Ferry, W. Va., gray fox.
Wm. Spawn and M. Libert, Washington, D. C., trap door spider and nest.
Miss Daisy R. Spradling, Athens, Tenn., osprey or fish hawk.
Miss Katherine Stafford, Baltimore, Md., white-throated capuchin, marmoset.
F. F. Stayton, Chestertown, Md., brown capuchin.
Alan N. Steyne, Washington, D. C., 2 blue-crowned hanging paroquets, Tui
paroquet. 5
H. fF. Stroup, Washington, D. C., grivet monkey.
J. J. Taleott, Washington, D. C., horned lizard.
Dr. W. M. Tallant, Manatee, Fla., indigo snake.
Ralph Taylor, Washington, D. C., black widow spider.
Mrs. 8. G. Taylor, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot.
M. R. Thorp, Washington, D. C., double-yeliow-headed parrot.
Mrs. Ethel B. Timmons, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
Miss-Mary Troiano, Washington, D. C., salamander.
‘Carl Tucker, Washington, D, C., hog-nosed snake.
Horace A. Tucker, Washington, D. C., indigo snake.
U. 8. Biological Survey, through C. E. Beebe, St. Regis, Mont., puma; through
J. 8S. C. Boswell, Washington, D. ©., 3 corn snakes; through H. N. Elliott, El
Paso, Tex., 9 prairie dogs, 6 pocket gophers; through J. Finley and C. HE.
McFarland, Cashmere, Wash., 3 mantled ground squirrels, 5 Hollister chip-
munks; through John H. Gatlin, Albuquerque, N. Mex., puma, 2 prairie wolves;
through Gill Gigstead, Havana, IIl., 4 coyotes; through A. S, Hamm and N. H.
Buell, Casper, Wyo., long-tailed weasel, 2 picket-pin gophers; through L., E.
Hicks and L. Baumgartner, Columbus, O., 4 red squirrels; through F. N. Jarvis,
Washington, D. C., 3 meadow mice, pied-billed grebe; through E. V. Komarek,
‘Thomasville, Ga., epposum, 3 cotton rats; through Kenneth Krumm, Middle
River, Minn., muskrat; through C, R. Landon, San Antonio, Tex., 4 Baird wood
rats, 4 cotton rats, 3 Rio Grande ground squirrels, hispid pocket mouse; through
C. R. Landon and J. M. Hill, Jr., Bryan, Tex., 6 pocket gophers; through C. R.
Landon and L. C. Whitehead, San Antonio, Tex., Baird wood rat, cotton rat,
hispid pocket mouse, 2 gray pigmy mice, 3 Merriam’s silky pocket mice, 2 nine-
banded armadillos, 3 pallid white-footed mice, ground squirrel, red house
mouse; through J. Manweiler, Baudette, Minn., 6 varying hares or snowshoe
rabbits; through Wm. H. Marshall, Bingham, Utah, 3 marmots; through O. J.
Murie, Seattle, Wash., bald eagle, glaucous-winged gull; through C. HE. Mush-
back, Cache, Okla., 8 prairie dogs, 2 cotton rats, 2 round-tail wood rats, Old
field mouse; through W. D. Parker, Fort Totten, N. Dak., 6 flag squirrels,
11 Richardson ground squirrels; through W. Taylor and V. W. Lehmann, Eagle
Lake, Tex., 7 Texan red wolves; through H. W. Terhune, DeWitt, Ark., 6
eotton rats; through Stanley Young, Washington, D. C., bay lynx.
U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D. C., Kaibab squirrel.
W.C. Varner, Washington, D. C., horseshoe crab.
76 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Dr. Charles T. Vorhies, Tucson, Ariz., 2 Merriam kangaroo rats. -
Alex Walker, Tillamook, Ore., Washington varying hare, Oregon creeping mouse.
Col. W. E. Welliver, Washington, D. C., 2 African monitors. =
P. C. Wercks, Washington, D, C., grass paroquet.
W. David White, Washington, D. C., 3 red-shouldered hawks.
Mrs. J. H. Whitmore, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot.
L. Wilkins, Takoma Park, Md., banded rattlesnake.
Mrs. B. F. Williams, Chevy Chase, Md., Canadian porcupine.
G. B. Williams, Thurmont, Md., 12 banded rattlesnakes, 10 copperheads, 5 water
snakes, 2 hog-nosed snakes, 11 pilot snakes, 2 fence lizards.
Mrs. R. Williams, Washington, D. C., alligator.
R. W. Williams, Washington, D. C., 2 rhesus monkeys.
E. W. Wilson, Washington, D. C., groundhog.
Lee Guy Wilson Estate, Tree Top, Va., barred owl.
John Wyman, Washington, D. C., duck.
‘Philip N. Youtz, New York City, kinkajou.
Yugoslav Legation, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Births —There were 50 mammals born, 37 birds hatched, and 14
reptiles hatched or born in the Park during the year. These include
the following: 3
MAMMALS
Scientific name Common name Number
Ammotragus lervid__-___---_=-L seule AQUGAG wish hs 2 RP Scere 3
WANT Sn UOT S aie ON DEN Es I ea a fonAgsiis eer 25. beet ees ea ee a
J BUST USO cao a es American bison... es eee 2
PROS tf OVU CLUES reser Sipe ee UAL we Gaya wxevnee Ee Moy te 8 Desh fo kee 2
PROS CV UGU Ses oii ese ne ARNT espe cece ZeDUCE ase ite ee Eh
Camelus dromedarius —~=-~--_-_---+--=- Arabian camel.) 2. f — sas er da
‘Canis Vipus Wy Chow es2.es Be ee Timber WOME - nA wits APT Sele Ng) 7
Capromys, piloridesas2. e382 ee ee PUG aler ty ae te ea a 3
Cervows elaphws—__———- 2 5- natal cd Meal bs Red ideenes ait ts Aviron LEN eee is cael,
DOM bai) = yes eee a Fedor GBs Maltow deers! 2s oes eee 8
Dolichotis salinicola 22. 2-2 be Dwartt /Gaviy ees Seton ke | See
PIODWIS MRE UDOUS Hie a Mongolian wild horse -._--_-.____ 4 1
Hrethizon: dorsatum—2 22 _.~ Pastern porcupine __ =i. ntiessket 1
ELCHESOUG ONES sh ners iaik eka er Gans FACUATS ses Vester ey oye Pee ES,
Lame glama___- 2 Fe oyare ceree nea 2 pane Ty Mule: se 2 ae coh one ee 3
HCN GETS NU GI 0 setae een nies oars eae ay Common’ skunk 2 _#aet2s save: 1
Oryx. Getsa annectens £222 se ee Ibean. beisaoryx Us hae ee 1
SOLE RUUD. O11 es Se rset Te 5 Disa Ju RR Eke Japanese .deer®. ose seine Bie 8
I RSUS GY OS Taretiigg O Wee Tp aye eae! pols Alaska Peninsula bear__2----.-_-.—s 1
BIRDS
Anas undulata == ARE CU UDA SEE Nr African yellow-billed duck__-_____- if
“Ardea herodius XA. occidentalis_______ Heron hybridas 20a eee 3
‘Branta, canadensis (2 2 Canada. goose -_____ 2S kes eu Ps
Chiysolophus piciusme-2 = Golden ease ae ea ane 5
Larus novaehotlandiae____- Silverw gunll Mees Cie ee
JXNEO!: CUSHOGORT a Te i se TPC evik © ys ea 5
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY . ATE
REPTILES
UO CMCOMLNG atte pase RS Greenptrees boat. ee 6
Hocrma cunninghamie t--e E ee Cumminehamiyskink= 2s seas 2
Sistrurus catenatus catenatus_________ BN TEAS SEAS aye ha eae eB 6
Exchanges——In an exchange with the Philadelphia Zoological
Gardens there were received the following: Hybrid tree kangaroo,
American elk or wapiti, 2 EKuropean water snakes, 4 European vipers,
‘6 green tree frogs, and 10 small European lizards. From Louis
‘Ruhe, Inc., New York City, were received a cock of the rock and a
Koel. A pair of gannets was received from the Toronto Park Zoo,
Toronto, Canada. From Dr. Johan Beetz, Director, Service de
VElevage des Animaux a’ Fourrure, Province of Quebec, was re-
ceived a splendid specimen of ranch-bred mink obtained by him from
the mink farm of Dr. J. E. Ua Forest, near the city of Quebec.
Purchases—Inportant purchases during the year were three
pronghorn antelopes, 6 jackass penguins, a pair of jabiru storks, and
8 black-tailed marmosets. In December 1936, 30 hummingbirds were
purchased in Habana, Cuba, and transported by airplane to the
Park. Only 2 died en route, the remainder arriving in good
condition. SAS a A
REMOVALS
Deaths—Important losses by death during the year include two
chimpanzees, one of which, “Soko”, had been in the collection since
‘September 8, 1915. A Komodo dragon received June 21, 1934, died
July 11, 19387. A Burmese deer and saiga antelope died during this
period. ee
During the year 405 specimens that died were sent to the National
Museum.
ANIMALS IN COLLECTION THAT HAD NOT PREVIOUSLY BEEN EXHIBITED .
prc
pies MAMMALS
Scientific name Common name
Callithrix argentata_ __________... Black-tailed marmoset.
Cricetomys gambianus______--_-_---__ African pouched rat.
_/. BIRDS
Catmensmwallichiiaeaias see Cheer pheasant.
Gennaeus albocristatus_______________. White-crested kaleege.
REPTILES
Mpicrates subflavus__---_------ =2==+- _ Jamaica boa.
78 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Statement of accessions
Received
Pre- 5 Pur- On de-
Class sented Born canes chased posit Total
IV Teer) Gee OL NL ee 0) 185 50 3 26 15 279
JSS ORO A a SU Se a a re 97 37 26 204 18 382
EVO OU TIOS ee EEE el AE Ue La a 224 14 16 36 25 315
RASTTA PLU 1 AIDS Sess ese oo Mes TA es Poca (0 RES Spares 6 UGE ES So Ciera 32
ALOYSIUS cna ah STE ARS UR GANAS hice NMR IL FAR aI BO) je te ee ET ee 50
RANT CHIN Stine wet ere ae de RN URE EA RO teal Ct | Se ee ec Ba TW We 6
AO TUSLACOATIS prec ee un aay ste eee Did ps Bo 2
NSEC iS SA BARS Re IEEE AT Pf Ea ae |e aN ae | re 1
PIR GES Mais OMAR AON 8 SSE ea eM TE RS 522 101 101 285 58 1, 067
Summary
Aminals onan dad aly ils 193 6 sue seas eS a ee i ai ies ee 2,191
iAccessions) during the ‘year iil eat ee Pee 1, 067
Total animals in collection during year_________-_____-___________ 3, 258
Removal from collection by death, exchange, and return of animals on
CICS OOS PE eR I SW A A tS 916
In collection\ ‘Tune sO 193 Tesi Loe ee ee eee 2, 342.
Status of collection
Class Species re Class Species naivide
iMiammalsaeeess noes soul ene es 200 C447) IinSec isu ae ataara sees ee neuen 1 50
Binds a suule SAAN aul teh 313 SOO) Toll Sksheeuae seen ne eee 1 1
Reptiles ete aa ors one 127 438 || Crustaceans_.--_------------- 1 1
Amphibians______-..__--_---- 30 150 = ae
BIS ESHA eon ene ete 26 159 Ho tallies te ee ee 701 2, 342
Arachnids______ pay oe as 2 9
ANIMALS IN THE NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK, JUNE 30, 1937
MAMMALS
MARSUPIALIA
Didelphidae: Number
Didelphis virginiana____---______- @©possumy 22 oe eee 9
Metachirus opossum_______------__ Zorro or banana opossum___—-—--~ 1
Macropodidae:
Dendrolagus ursinus XD. inustus__ Hybrid tree kangaroo___------~--- 1
CARNIVORA
Felidae:
Felis concolor azteca_____________. Mexican puma ase eee 1
MetaCchinws Opossum. oa se es 1 21D H 00 ee coarse IG ay lu UPL NNN 4
ERCTUS STC Oe GOR. 2 SAM 2 AUNTY SS UE UIC 0g ges ee as ARTA I EB LCN 6
TQS COORG Sa NS Uganda wild tabby__-_-_-_---------_ 1
3 Jaguar 2h ee ee 5
LCTUS ONUG (sean sma LOM Rote aon ea aes :
Blacks agua we ee ee 2
TIES TOHOKU as NO at 1B EKO) oF HO a 1
Felis pardus suahelicus__________. Hast African leopard_____----__-- 1
REVS CCTV UIUC Kee eases aR Golde niet See ANG os AEN ia 1
Felis tigris longipilis. 2 2 Siberian tigers. ea es 2
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 79
Felidae—Continued.
Felis tigris sondadicus._._____-____- Sumatran’ tiger 2-2 ---= 22s eee 2
OPTED WU ae Balileygsy lysis ee an 1
Jones CorrUC A. ss ee (ava Celie ee es) aol
MIU NUE WSO eee a ek ARB iy ei syarsxette eaiees eae ee 5:
Viverridae:
Civettictis civetta._._____________- COR Te ey ee ee ett NE AUR EI See 1
Genetta dongalana neumanni___--- Neumann’s genet_--------_-__---- 1
Moschothera megaspila______-__-_ Give Glee aise al ole we Re 3
Hyaenidae:
Crocuta crocuta germinans_____-_~- East African spotted hyena_----- 1
Hyaena brunnea______--_--_-----. Brown hyenas) 22 eee 2
Canidae:
4 cS Coyote nena sue ee ee 13
Canis latrans..___--22---4-----~-. Atbinoréoveter tenon RN Pe 1
Canis latrans X domestica____-~-~- Coyote and dog hybrid_-__-------- Zs
Canis lupus lycaon____-_-_--_---~_-. GTCT AAA LO Eee iO eee eee 4
Canis lupus nubilus_____--__----- YY] a gpa 2aR es a at spa et aap e sD 8
Canis lupus nubilus X domesticus. Wolf and dog hybrid_------------ 1
CONISETU US = eee es Ghercaraesaol (yoyo ae 7
Chrysocyon jubata_____---_----~- Misti e Gi iwio life: se see ne ee 1
Urocyon cinereoargenteus______--- Giiaiy howe ee a a T
AIDE TNG Saf UC UO Ciao ee aT ae 2225 Bien ero p-GaN ta inhi gees hata 9
Procyonidae :
LV GQSUG: GUN UC ee ee ees Gray coatimundi_____-___________ 3
ROLOSE UCU IES ae eee ee ee GHIA Sy OLY Ae a a 3
Procyon cancrivorus__—-~--------~- Crab-eating raccoon_----~-~--~----~ 1
Bee WEY OO) d Wes eR AO RNS a ONE ce eae EN NHS SHE 17
PTOCYON LOLOT === eee INO) ACO O As 1
ates eC CO, Oe ae ee 1
Bassariscidae :
Bassariscus astutuws__-_-_--------- Ring-tail or cacomistle___________~ 2
Mustelidae:
Galictis barbara barbara______---- Waite: tala 22 ee ee 2
Lutra canadensis vaga__-__-_----- Origa xOEte he ae ee 2
Mellivora capensis __-__-___-_--_-- ERE Oe has sees es a 1
MHC OTIS NIOnG =a aaee 2S TL Siem Si eee 7
Mustela cicognani cicognani____--- Bonaparte’s weasel_____-__--____- 1
Mustela eversmanni ___----------- Merretue sie TO ee 3
Mustela longicauda longicauda.___ Long-tailed weasel___----------_-- 1
Mustela vison vison________-_-_____ 103 Er AOS NAN TU eat 1
Spilogale ambarvalis _____-____-_- Florida spotted skunk_----------~ 1
Ursidae:
Euarctos americanus__-_---______ American black bear___---------—- 6
Euarctos emmonsti_____-____-_-____ (@igverare [bee Bo 1
Helarctos malayanus______-__--~- Malay; or sun bears Ee 1
Thalarctos maritimus________---_ 2G LEAT a1 Ga Se 92
Thalarctos maritimus X Ursus gyas Hybrid bear_--------------------- 3
CESUSHOLCLOS= es ee European brown bear_—-—-~-—----- 4
PSST CS Se EO ee Alaska Peninsula brown bear_--—-- 4
(OPIS: [RICA HE eS ee Kidder’ sibearss8 t25 s5s5e sess 2
Ursus middendorfii______-___---_- Kodiakebeare 22) &.cuaxp yin igs dea 3
UGSUSySULKENSIS= Ss Bae ea Sitka brown bear___--_------_---- 3
Ursus thibetanus________- Himalayan bear____--_-------_-- 1
80
PINNIPEDIA
Otariidae: ~
| LH IGO DIGS. VOLVO Steller’s'sea lion===—=+______
Zalophus” californianus—_-~_--_____ California sea lion==—---____
Phocidae: i “4
EUUCOD, TC OTE pa Pacific harborsseal===saaaas=
! PRIMATES
Callitrichidae :
i) COUBARID VOOCOMUIS Common marmoset ________ ad
: WCQ COCO LL Black-tailed marmoset_____ Ws
Oedipomidas geoffroyi____________ Central American marmoset_
Cebidae:
| CORES: HERTZ SLL MII IS Brown capuchin___..2 22 _
Cebus capucinus_________________ White-throated capuchin___-
CeO US fa Lisette ais tiara tet cnet ie Weeping capuchin __________
HEDIS 9) SEE GO St IRON aa CHa
Cercopithecidae:
Cercocebus fuliginosus____________ Sooty mangabey" a aeeean
Cercopithecus albigularis________- ShKGNS (GMOS
.. Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops.___. Grivet monkey_____________
: Cercopithecus aethiops roloway_-___ Roloway monkey ___________
Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus____ Green guenon_____-________
Cercopithecus diana. 2-2-2 Dianay monkey. ee
Cercopithecus neglectus___________ De Brazza’s guenon_________
Cercopithecus petaurista__________ Lesser white-nosed guenon__
_. ANNUAL: REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Colobus polycomos caudatus
Colobus polycomos polycomos
Macaca fuscata
AER Se sat White-tailed guereza _______
cd White-tailed colobus________
gs As NO fas Japanese monkey a pe:
SS aee5
WOODED OOPS LEN SINS Javan macaque We!
MICCCAM. CROUTONS Rhesus monkey.22"* =) ae
MOOTED SOUP SL LOS aa Wanderoo monkey____________ =... _
Macaca sinica_ Bits TGs ees OME Gayl OTK yee ee ten
LA ROKOGH ST Cy Ds ae ao hile ys ae a Macaque monkey! 222 aie
MaGGUs MOUTUs =o EL ao Moor monkeys 204 se.) 1s
Mandrillus leucophaeus _--_______ aT) re boc ee
Mandrillus sphing___---§_-_ = Vicar bre 2 pats
ZC VORCONUGIAYS stimula A Sea Ni ae vu Chialenigi seas (ao
1 COU NIO MOOG VAG. 2S a Hamadryas, baboon.) esas
i Papio papio cynocephalus_________ Halst Atrican’ baboon aaa
POPiO PAPO’ papio- === Aas West African baboon______-___-__
Theropithecus gelada__ = Gelada” baboons ae
Hylobatidae :
Symphalangus syndactylus_______ Siamang jsibbone=22 See
Pongiidae:
LEOMOO HOR GLB Ne eG ___. Sumatran orangutan________
RODENTIA
Sciuridae:
Callospermophilus saturatus
Citellus mexicanus parvidens_____ Rio Grande ground squirrel
Citellus richardsoniixi_— Richardson ground squirrel_
NTI Mantled ground squirrel____
Citellus beecheyi douglassii_______ Douglas ground squirrel____
HwrRe
a
FPrENRFPNWHHHEHENPWWNHHHENHH RHP EDP Oo wr oe
a
pes
OO eh
SS SSeS REPORL OF THN SHURETARY
Sciuridae—Continued. 4
Citellus richardsonii. elegans_.____. Picket-pin’ ‘gopher 2 __ 2 2
Citellus tridecemlineatus__.-_____ / Mlag squirrel. = — WETS, SN
Cynomys ludovicianus__---- Prairie dog 2 A, SEO
Hutamias amoenus ludibundus____ Hollister chipmunk __-_____— 2
Glaucomys volans__2—__ =e Manse: KORDA
' Marmota flaviventris___2 ~~ _ + Marmot. or. whistler 222 9-3
"Manet moa on i‘ ta oodchuck -or groundhog____ 22 —=—
Albino woodchuck or groundheg °\
GLUES! INL SON eee esa Lesser white’ squirrel. 2
Sciurus hoffmani sub. sp_________— Hottmanis squirrel = ss
Sciurus kaibabensis__________ Si elad Renyopyon Reimobert yee
SOUPUS OTC TOs 4S PUTT TO eae ne
: Tamias striatus... Bastern CHI TITUTA eee
rs Tamiasciurus hudsonicus____.____ Red Squirrel_.2-2 foes ee ae
‘Geomyidae: Pacha
Geomys arenartus________________ Sand pocket gopher_____-___-____
Thomomys douglasti yclmensis____. Yelm pocket gopher______________.
“Heteromyidae: fo
' Perognathus hispidiis_ Hispod pocket To uUse se ane
_ Perognathus merriami merriami__._ Merriam’s silky pocket mouse____
ce Peérognathus penicilliatus_________- Desert pocket TRO USC ee ee etna
“Castoridae: ip
MCostor canadensis... 2 a Bea verso ek. ee ei Nene ana we
Cricetidae : Rie
Beiomys taylori taylori___________ Chay jolsnny imMOpRe
Microtus oregoni oregoni_____-__-_ Oregon creeping mouse___________
Microtus pennsylwanicus_—________ WIGAClOM? UimiOMee cA
Neotoma floridana attwateri______ Round-tailed wood rat___________-
AN CCIOMG Toro MUNG See Baal SyO@OO! its
_ Ondatra cibethica______ a elie a Black muskrat PSO ra Siren eae
.. -Peromyscus leucopus_____________ White-footed mouse______________
Peromyscus maniculatus pallescens_. Pallid white-footed mouse_________
Sigmodon hispidus hispidus_______ Cotton rae STU AGE et cee Pe aa
Sigmodon hispidus texianus_______ CSOttome ra Se ee
Muridae: — OR ; ay
Cricetomys gambianus__________-_~ Gambia pouched rat_______-______
WS GOOSCTUIIS A a es REC! INQuse WOW to oe
IMQVS AEG UCT Di 2 en NA a Weaulvaine mining
Rattus domestica_______________-- TE ain yA SSASy ee ee
Dipodidae: ei
Dipodomys merriami___________-_ Merriam kancanoo) Gate === on amm
Hystricidae:
Acanthion brachyurum___——-----~- Wipileiny | joroveewi online
EUSERUG 1G LC WLM sa ae ee ees Hast_ African. .porcupines—_———- 2
e Erethizontidae: —
Erethizon dorsatum_____----_—__- Hastiern poLgupine
Myocastoridae:
Peigocastor, COypua es ey OO UL eek te eee tt ae ie oie ar
-Capromyidae : :
~ Capromys pilorides__________--_-_ EDU lates eens oe den Les aes ee
Cuniculidae :
Cuniculus paca virgatus_________- Central American paca____---__--=
(0-0)
ie
1
NONRFPRPNNHANwWONwWarH
PeENNNeH eH i) wWNNwNHe SP
nN
(2) ie)
RP wh bw
bo bo
82 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Dasyproctidae:
Dasyprocta croconota prymnolopha_ Agouti___-___-__--_-_-
Dasyprocta rubrata_____-________ Trinidad) agonal ee eee
DM MODROCEG iy Sp) os Us es Mailed: ae outils ae aes es eye ie
Caviidae:
OCDIG (ORGANMG La Te Domestic guinea pig______________
Dolichotis magellanica___________ Patagonian cavyio 22-2 ee
Dolichotis salinicola____.______-___ D wart) Cavy. 22s Ee ene
Hydrochoeridae:
Hydrochoerus hydrochoerus______— Capybaral2 =) Seo iekn ss iene
LAGOMORPHA
Leporidae:
TeEpuUs Omenicanis=] 2 aa Varying hare or snowshoe rabbit__
Oryctolagus cuniculus____________ Domestic Tap it sn pa ae
Angora: rabbits eee
ARTIODACTYLA
..Boyidae:
Ammotragus lervia _._.-___-_-___ AOU Gs AN
Anoa depressicornis______________ ASTIN AES ee eda SBE ct
Antilope cervicapra ______________ Black buck or Indian antelope___
BESOW OUSO1/Ee sc aaki) ee Nea AMeri Cand bison eens eae
BOSS GOVWEGUTS: aa nied a Gene) ite es EE cee
EXO SEO VEC UC UGS ie eas ean See ana ee RL ZG es SE
Boselaphus tragocamelus __-_-_____ ANGI or ea leg tk a cP 0
BROODS OWOGKS 22 28 Voyine JEANo hha Loaate lo) A
OOporD SUDURYGD Le Siberian ibex.2208= eae
Connochaetes gnu _-______________ White-tailed gnu_________________
Connochaetes taurinus albojubatus White-bearded gnu_____-_________
Hemitragus jemlahicus_____-___.__ PPS eee Va
Onotragusslecheel == a Sas Lechee antelope_______-___--__---_
Oryx beisa annectens_____________ Ibean beisa Onyx.= 2 eee
Oviskeunopaeis: = Ul s a ee Io tations ae tilanas EY sn
Poephagus grunniens_____________ INET) | eee VATS AN TN eR NSN
Raunotragusiornyo 2 ee TA earn hc ee
Antilocapridae:
Antilocapra americana __-_-______ Pronghorn antelope ______________
Cervidae:
PANE US G1 § aesiea impale tye coe cis AES core DNS GUSHICG (ey= lea mene remapun NGA ba SS las
Cervus canadensis___-_-__________ PN OOS AUE NA Clee a
Cervus duvaucellii —_____________ Barasingha deer_________________
GGPOUS QUIN MIG i ee European red deer____-----__-__-
Cervus xanthopygus______________ Bedford) deere eee
Mallow? deerss0 0 Bn Sa a eae
Dama dama —-------------------- { White fallow deer_______________
Muntiacus sinensis-.- = 2 Barking or rib-faced deer________
Odocoileus costaricensis _-._______ Costa Rican deer] 2222 ae ae
Odocoileus virginianus _-~_--___ Vircinia) deers 2002.00 eee
Rusa Moluccensis = es NMONWC Cay (deere
ISOLBGR GOP OP DON: Sess GN Japanese deer __________-________
Camelidae:
Camelus bactrianiws) oi Bactrian camel 22 eee eae
TOKE) LOUD TG EM WS Te Vi a Ni TSR NN SEI EB RNA Cen
Lama huanacus____--_-_--_______ Gaia ACO ee Le nets Se
al
2
RHPORT OF THE SECRETARY
“Tayassuidae:
-‘Suidae:
ie EP Oe ee Collared peccary——--—----------_-
pee sith he EA a Aue 2 is at White-lipped peccary_-—-----------
Babirussa alfurus__-_------------ Baling Aces 0 aay
Phacochoerus aethiopicus mas-
IS LUG US Bel Na ES Hast African warthog_____----__-
ISAUSIRS CHAO fice a ee European wild boar_------------~-
‘Hippopotamidae:
Choeropsis liberiensis________-_-- Pigmy hippopotamus___--------__-
Hippopotamus amphibius___—____- JS OPOKOH NOY COPIS)
PERISSODACTYLA
‘Equidae:
FLORUUSNOGEUY I eee Grevy’S,..zebrase seek ae
Equus grevyi-asinus__-__--------- Zebra-ass hybrid__-_______---__-_
Equus grevyi-caballus_______----~~ Zebra-horse hybrid_____------~----
KTS OG ee Asiatie wild ass or kiang_-------~
Equus przewalskii____--_-------__ Mongolian wild horse_---~--------~
Hquus quagga chapmani__—-----~-. Chapman’s zebra__----~~~--~-----
US COU eee eee Mountain zebra___________------_—
‘Tapiridae:
Tapirella bairditi______-_---------~ Bairdis, tapine 2 eee
Tapirus terrestris
Rhinocerotidae :
Diceros bicornis
Pb eh es UE eee ee Brazilian tapir
PROBOSCIDEA
Hlephantidae:
Elephas sumatranus__------------ Sumatra elephant -__------------~
Elephas maximus___—--------~---~- Indian elephant__--------_-------
Loxodonta africana oxyotis____-—- African elephant__-___-------~-~-
EDENTATA
‘Choloepodidae:
Choloepus didactylus_______------ A WwiO=t@eCds y SLO tli eee ee ee,
Dasypodidae:
, Dasypus novemcinctus__-__------- Nine-banded armadillo___-------__
: CHIROPTERA
Desmodontidae:
Desmodus: rotundus__—_---------- Trinidad vampire bat-_--~---~----
BriRps
STRUTHIONIFORMES
Struthionidae:
Struthio camelus____------------- South African ostrich___--------~-~-
RHEIFORMES
Rheidae :
Rhea americana____-------------- Common rhea or nandu________---—
2
84 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
CASUARIIFORMES
Casuariidae: +
Oasuarius unappendiculatus_______ Single-wattled eassowary—___~—2_ Lua
Dromiceiidae : a
Dromiceius n. hollandiae_-_2---__- Common. emu 223) 0s! Sas ee 1
- aw SPHENISCIFORMES:
Spheniscidae :
Spheniscus demersus_____~---___- Jackass penguine <- "soe eee &.
PELECANIFORMES
Pelecanidae:
Pelecanus californicus 2-22 2Ss=ss California brown pelican____—_____ 2
Pelecanus conspicillatus_____----- Australian pelican 222) sees aes
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Niles a American white pelican__________- 7
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos XP. oc-
cidentalis_____ oii | Seok GES OEEy brid’ pelican’ 2262” PA iat Mbit it
Pelecanus occidentalis______-_-__- IBTOwAT Pel Cam== au aaa 2. See 5
Pelecanus onocrotalws____=-__~_-_ HuTepean= pelican... isa Os
Pelecanus -roseus__- 22 Rose-colored’ pelican.) 2. =a DF
Sulidae: Liane
WOFUS WHSSOMUS 25254 Gann ep 2 eS SE ae iso
Sula granti __ Je ees Bilue-tooted Doohy lees: eevee 1
Phalacrocoracidae :- ae) F
Nannopterum harrist___—--_____=_ Flizhtless cormorants." = ==seeennann?
Phalacrocorax auritus atbociliatus: Farallon cormorant__.-.-__--_-_-_ 2
Phalacrocorax auritus floridanus JMkoaley KexoreadKonee ae 1
Anhingidae: : cae ;
AMER GOIMCO LS Sa SACs Tap 9 ss eS > ER al ew
Ardeidae:: CICONIIFORMES
JNIRGKEGE IGROUH a as ee AES Great Dlue ser Ome = wane aaa aan 1
Ardea Nerodias A. cecidentalis== Elybrid heron ee 4
Ardea occidentalis______----_-_ === Great white heron 22 sss. saan ty
Casmerodius albus egretta_______- American egret (sn “2
Nycticoraxr nycticorax naevius___. Black-crowned night Herons eae 15-
Cochleariidae : : Coe
Cochlearius cochlearius_—.-~--__-_ Boatbill-heron! {aaa ea eee 5
Balaenicipitidae :
Balaeniceps rege 222-25) 2s ee Shoe-bill stork2 22 ne eee ft.
Scopidae : + manos
Scopus umbretta—__ 20. Hammerhead2 =o" 0) 0) eee
Ciconiidae : :
Dissoura episcopus.____________““"“Wooolly-necked stork _-___-___~____ 1
Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis____ Saddle-billed stork______---_---__- 1
Jabiru nvycteriaz_-________-= PASCO Jabiru Sees en ee
Leptoptilus crumeniferus .---_-___ Marabou oe Ee TP Fic ee tee
Leptoptilus~dubdius 2 8 898 dian - adjutant 2 gt
Leptoptilus javamnicous 2222 IbSSeehe) yeh O ys 2
Mucteria americana ae 1
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Q5
Threskiornithidae :
SAN GOL IGT s ORT OR Css ee Dag So ea ag Roseate Sspoonbill__________-_--§__ al
Cuca g= acne Twi Wiaiteribicud--~o.0 0a Karki 4
Guara alba X G. rubra_-______ | Ey DridMibiseim2. “say Saye Sea il
GIGHRG TURD Hf ee ee LE Searlet ibise=-==— = sition MN 2
Threskiornis aethiopica___-_______ Sacred Mibisese. a. ALL Ae Sh 2
Threskiornis melanocephala_______ Black-headedMabis==] 25) sss 2
Anatidae: ANSERIFORMES ;
PAGES OTS (ee Mie ee Pes ame ee AYAVACYOXG Ne(0 18 Ke) kc eS SUP ies 18
Alopochen aegyptiacus____________ HS yume OOSCp eae See at
AGS UOMVOSHICT sa Peking duck 2 20 )o eee 15
sea ening Clee seteior ee ee ee ia 35
Anas platyrhynchos_____________. GHG ee 1
PAU OUSIKILUO TL CS = Sees Leo ie a a Black or dusky mallard_________-+ 2
AMES WCRI 2s ee African yellow-billed duck_______~ 8
ARSE GUIDO TRO Sen eet eS American white-fronted goose_____ 3
INMISOR. OUD S ae SES See ees Beant ZO0OSesse ie 2 ee) eae 2
IST OMG, WOHDICUM Bate Rh i ial atl) aul a le aie on eS
Bronte CONMUGESIS: 2352s se5 7s Canada co0se =a ee eee
Branta canadensis hutchinsti______ ERUtChiN Ses OO Semen 4
Branta canadensis mininma___-----~ Cackling g008e@2 2-54 eas 4
Branta canadensis occidentalis_._._._ White-cheeked goose______-_--___= 20
Banta VCUGOpSiss sae Barnacle! ySOOSC == eee ees teal
Cairina moschata__.----__--____- Muscovy duck _=.- = 52 eee
Casarea variegata__--- 2 asa ae Raradisen id clas aes ae eae 1
Cereopsis novaehollandiae___-_--- Cereopsis or Cape Barren goose___ 1
Cihentatlanticge ses anes Sow, @008e22 alte a 7
Chen caerulescens_=——=-- == 2: Bue y! SO OSes be i, Se ee 9
Chloephaga leucoptera____________ Wine aia, ROOe 1
Cygnopsis cygnoides_________221 Chinese goose_--—-—---__-__-_____ 1
Cygnus columbianus_—___---_--- -_- Whistling swans 222) 2 ees
Cygnus olor______~ Go ed ie se ee 0 Mute. swan. 2. Seo ai ee 3
Dold Cutda es pia, ares Pintailwwduck. = __ See, Sige 5
Dafila bahamensis.__-----__-_- Bahaman. pintail__=_~_-— sean eee 1
Dafa acuta. xX. Drspe2sie Stelss Pintail hybrid22—_—_-__ Seb se eee 1
Dendrocygna arborea______-__-_-_-__- Black-billed du¢k__-_-_ -. 5 5)
Dendrocygna autwmnalis —-__-__-_- Black-bellied tree duck _-i---__--. 4
Dendrocygna viduata._2 2 White-faced. tree duck __-________ 1
Leptotarsis eytoni_. 2-2 Hyton’s .tree .duek_o2. 222 21 1
Mareca americana_—_-_ = Bald | pates 2 tans si ae Gs Ogun a8
IN GOGQMAD, TORDGUG? Se Orinoco. Fooses2 As _ SNAG oe 1
Nettion carolinense__________-_-__ Green-winged teal_-~______=__ = __ 1
NULOCH. COUATIS= = SRA Say Ring-neck duck = -_~ i eA) lt
Nyroca. valisineria______-- 2 222 Canvas-back...duek8 2959 orig} 1
Philacte. canagic@222 222.4 sea HMperor . ZOOSe. Soa ae Sees EADS! eal!
Plectropterus gambensis____ 3 Spur-winged goose__-- 2
Querquedula cyanoptera_.____-__- Cinnamon teale sane Ons eae il
Querquedula discors_-_ 2 Blue-winged.-teaJivisiii. 2see ei 1
Sarkidiornis melanota_2- 2 Comb: duckie 32m s A BAG 1
Tadorna tadorna____~ wise hina itags Shelldrakel #150 10s Byway al
86 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
FALCONIFORMES.
Cathartidae:
COMMAS CORO atinekeny \AuUnbbRe
Cathartes aura X Coragyps atra- Black Carolina and turkey vulture
EU Ss ata a le, Nn Lea eee hybrid______ eye ee Le A i
Coragyps atratws. = et ee Black vulture] 2520 soe eee
Gymnogyps californianus___-__--__- California ycondors =e
VWOHUGIP ORY DI South American condor___--___-__
Accipitridae :
Aegupius monachus. ~--_------__- Cinereous vulture___—_____________
ANOPMUCE GURU SUGIO Se Golden eagle! 220) MVihr a Sess aeese
LBSOHRAD, DOU ROT Sa I Red-tailed hawk --_-__-~_-________
JBSURHAD. HAGUE WIS Se Red-shouldered hawk____-________
Biuyteo Diaty DUCK sea) =e Broad-winged hawk_______________
LURK. UDO Swainson’s hawk___-_____________
Gypactus barbatus grandis_______- Lammergeyer====2=0) Ue ee
GHYDS PROUD ON Ha Ruppell’s: vulture____-- =---__
1 ELC CUSUOMR. OWI a Malay brahminy kite_____________
Haliaeetus leucocephalus—________ Bald'=eaigl eacce hatin cil soley ete
Milvuws migrans- 22 2 oe Yellow-billed kite ________________
Pandion haliaetus carolinensis____ Osprey or fish hawk___-__________
Stephanoaetus coronatus___-__---_ Crowned hawk eagle_____________
Torgos tracheliotus_____-___-_____ African eared-vulture ______ eh Se,
Urodetws:audav: = - Wedge-tailed eagle________________
Falconidae:
LAVCOUSD ATU CT UU Se ae ase Ea Sparrow. “hawk: 2002 ee se
Polihierax semitorquatus_________ African pigmy falcon _______-___
Polyborus cheriway___-__-_______ Audubon’s caracara______________
Polyborus plancus_-—-=-----__-_-_ South American caracara_________ :
GALLIFORMES
‘Cracidae:
Crareglooulosg= an ea Spix’s wattled curassow___—______
Onaxiri 01g ee ae OTE TES Panama curassow__----__--_-____
Mitac ty) 2 = in bhopree ls as epende ed Razor-billed curassow —____--______
Mat SOLUI Ns Sis Ses sere Sea Salvin’s curassow ____--__________
Phasianidae:
ATOUSTONWS {OGG 11 Seer as Leas Argus pheasant_________-_____
Calophasis ellioti___-___._____ eee) Wlliot's, pheasant) sie nine
Catreus wallichti_.__.______________ Cheer pheasant ~-_______ =
Chrysolophus amherstiae.________ Lady Amherst’s pheasant_________
Chrysolophus amherstiae X Syr-
maticus reevest________-_ Biybrid) 2) 48 eo ee
Chrysolophus pictus______________ Golden pheasant ____-____________
Colinus virginianus______________ Bobwhite lo... chiens (ore Do
Coturnix japonica___-___________ Asiatic migratory quail_________~
Crossoptilon mantchuricum______- Manchurian pheasant ____________
Gennaeus albocristatus___________ White-crested kaleege____________
Gennaeus lineatus. bo Lineated pheasant_____-__________-
Gennaeus nycthemerus___________ Silver pheasant ____-_____________
Gennaeus nycthemerus bellit______ Bell’s silver pheasant_____________
Hierophasis swinhoei_____________ Swinhoe’s pheasant ______________
wre
eet HE b> et
Noo
REPORT OF THH SECRETARY
Phasianidae—Continued.
Lophophorus impeyanus_—-------- Himalayan Impeyan pheasant___-
: Bluexpeatowdl= =23 523s eae
ODOM a i (re peafowlctse22..-_-anhits
Paevormuticusse. ee ee Green. peafowl_=------+----------
Ring-necked pheasant___---------
White ring-necked pheasant__----
Phasianus torquatus formosanus_. Formosan ring-necked pheasant__
Phasianus torquatus__-------~-_--
Syrmaticus reevesi-____---------- Reeve’s. pheasant—----.------+---~-
Numididae:
Numida mitrata reichenowi____—— Reichenow’s helmeted guinea fowl _
Meleagrididae:
Meleagris gallopavo___------__--- Domestic turkey_-__-------+----_-
GRUIFORMES
Gruidae:
Anthropoides virgo_____-_--------. Demoiselle crane____--_----------
Antigone australasiana___-__----- Australianecrane=]= 2222
Balearica pavonina___-----------~- West African crowned crane__---~
Balearica regulorum gibbericeps__ East African crowned crane_—----
Grus canadensis canadensis___---~ Ihittle: browm crane ==] 22 esas
Grus canadensis tabida___------_- Sandhill, craney
Grus leucauchen_----------_---_-- White-naped crane_--------__~_--
Grus leucogeranus__------------- Siberianuecrat cme: =a aeueeannanee es
Psophiidae : |
. Psophia crepitans__._____---.----- Gray-backed trumpeter_--------_~
Rallidae:
Fulica americana____-_------~—==- AOGENCRIN COME 2 ee eee
Gallinula chloropus cachinnans___ Florida gallinule-__________---__-
Limnocoraz flavirostra_____---_-- Afiricanwblacks, calles see serena
Porphyrio melanotus______----_-- New Zealand mud hen____---~----
Porphyrio poliocephalus___------- Gray-headed porphyrio_----------
Burypygidae:
Hurypyga, helias____~--~.-----=-.. Sunwmbitterne= eee eee
Otididae: iad
One Co an See Menham’s bustard 2229s
Otis caffra jacksoni__---_------_- Jiackson?s) bustarda=2422 = se
! CHARADRIIFORMES
Haematopodidae:
Haematopus ostralegus__-_------- European oyster catcher_--------_
Charadriidae:
Belonopterus cayennensis___------ South American lapwing__--------
Sarciophorus tectus___-__-------- Black-headed plover_---------__--
Scolopacidae :
Philomachus pugnav_------------ DT 0 esa SI PS SSN EAE ES
Laridae:
Larus argentatus_____-_---------- lei@oame ull
Larus delawarensis____--_------- Ring-billed gull _-----~-~ peg Ne teol ret os
Larus glaucescens____-_-----_---- Glaucous-winged gull__-----__--__
Larus novaehollandiae______----- Silvera culls Se ee
Larus occidentalis ae Western Voullo sae we ee
Larus ridibundus____---_-------- Huropeans el ee
22606—37——_T7
ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
88
COLUMBIFORMES
Pteroclidae:
Pterocles orientalis____-_-_---_~~- Oriental sandgrouse_____...__-____
Columbidae: ;
Caloenas nicobarica______-------- Nicobar pigeon —_—-—-— -ssesen ee
Columba leuconota___--------=-- - tibetan) pice ae
Columba palumbus_____---2---_—— W OOd) PISO a oe ea
Columba, domestic variety__~----~ Archangel pigeon _-- =~
Columba, domestic variety_______- Fan-tailed pigeon -+:_--__-+__--+_
Gouna victonial= ee Victoria: crowned pigeon__--______
Leptotila rufazvilla__.-____-------- Scaled. pigeomisios oye ties pie
Streptopelia risoria__._______------ Ring-necked dove___________-_-
Streptopelia senegalensis_____----- Hast African ring-necked dove ___.
DUGUTE TS OTVUS 2 Turtle; (dove. 2b) Uae
Zenaidura macroura macroura___—- West Indian dove_________-_-_____
PSITTACIFORMES
Loriidae:
LOSER WON Os be al enone ce Vee Red loryses os Sen a eee
Trichoglossus cyanogrammus__—-—-_— Green-naped lory_____--__________
Trichoglossus forsteni______---___ Horsten’s’ paroquetes.2 eee
Trichoglossus novaehollandiae____ Blue-bellied lory__________________
Psittacidae:
Agapornis lilianae__-_------------ Nyassa lovebirds 2s) enone
Amazona albifrons_________-_----_ White-fronted parrot_____________
Amazona amazonica.___._____------ Orange-winged parrot! 3. eee
Amazona arausiaca______________ Bouguet?s| parrots... ane
Amazona auropalliata____________ Yellow-naped parrot______________
Amazona farinosa.2-2=) === 2h Mealy parro tee See See
Amazona festiva____________----- Festive: parrotle2: 22 226s Sees
Amazona leucocephala_______-___-_ Cubans parrots ses => eee
Amazona ochrocephala_______--_- Orange-fronted parrot____-_______
Amazona, ochroptera___-__------__- Yellow-shouldered parrot__________
Amazona oratrig-—___-------__--_- Double yellow-head parrot ________
ATUL OMG NS NL RN Ne oe MANE Red-fronted parrot________________
Amazona ventralis_____-__-_____-__ Hispaniolan white-fronted parrot___
Amazona viridigenalis___________- Red-crowned parrot______________
Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus__—_-—_ Hyacinthine macaw______________
SANTROD CU POIR CHIU pn Yellow and blue macaw__________
INORG WICTRO DUG Red and yellow macaw________---
AL 91U CC. O Oe NUE ees st cet Ne eS tN Red, yellow and blue macaw____--
ANROB TOCIPOKION a MMi sens) macaw Shee eee
PNK OGG GMT sea Bl Mexican green macaw_____----_--
SALGRON EXON A Pa SMe AN a Severe macaw 22 2050 en een
Aratinga holochlora__________-___ White-eyed parrot____--____--_-__
Aratinga jendayal— 22 Jenday, ConUreSs a. ene
Aratinga solstitialis____.__________ Yellow ‘paroquet. 222
Brotogeris jugularis______________ TOVI PATOGUCH LL eee eee
COnACODSIS 1G Ge a een aen Lesser vasa parrot_______-_--______
Cyanopsittacus spixi______________ Spixis) macaw. 22 eae ee
Holophus roseicapillus____________ Roseate cockatoo____.__---______.
HOB SSO TOMED NG ROH AAG pase EY sh Golden-crowned paroquet—_..-___-_
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 89
Psittacidae—Continued.
EHupsittula canicularis___________- Petz), paroquet_22. 22-2 vehiie ads 1
Forpus gwianensis_____--_-__-_-- Green-rumped parrotlet_____-_--_- 1
Kakatoe citrinocristata.__-.._-._.-- Orange-crested cockatoo____---____ 1
Kakatoe galerita___.______________ Sulphur-erested cockatoo__—~~+.4-_ 2
Kakatoe leadbeateri_____._______- Leadbeater’s cockatoo_.__-_---21-_ 2
Kakatoe moluccensis_______------ Great red-crested cockatoo____-_-~ 1
Kakatoe sulphuwrea___--_____--__- Lesser sulphur-crested cockatoo____ 1
Leptolophus novaehollandicus____._ Cockatiel______________-__-_________ 2
Melopsitiacus undulatus________-_ Grass paroquet______-_-___ 7 SE 20
Microglossus aterrimus__—_-____-__ Great black cockatoo_______-__--_~_ 1
Myopsitta monachus__-__________- Quaker paroquet__---____-__--1--- 1
Nandayus nanday____-____-__.___. Nanday paroquet____)_—4_~-. 1
Nestor notabilis____________-_____ Rea a2 see DEOMI Dla 4
Pionites xanthomera____________- Amazonian caique____-____-_-____ 2
Pionus menstruus____-_---------- Blue-headed parrot__---_---L----- 1
Psittacula k. krameri______---_-- Long-tailed paroquet_--_------__-- 3
Psittacula nepalensis_____________ Nepalese paroquet___-_-------_---_- 1
Psittacus erithacus____--_________ African gray parrot______----_-_- 2;
Tanygnathus megalorhynchus__-__- Great-billed parrot __-_----__----- I
CUCULIFORMES
Cuculidae:
Centropus sinensis________-______ Sumatran coucal___________--___L_ 1
Cuculus canorus________----____- European cuckoo__-__-_~-~__---+_- 1
Eudynamis scolopaccus___-------- Koehler DUA EO SOAS 2
STRIGIFORMES :
Tytonidae:
Tyto alba pratincola____-_----~-~ Barn-—owl- 22 DIGI 90 Bee, 3
Strigidae:
Bubo virginianus___.---_--_-__---- Great horned owl__-------_------- 5
Oius-CSio S220 LE 2 OI CEN Screech owl_--------------------- 6
Sibi om aia eee IOI ANTAL ed Barred}-owl2 2222-330 23 pi oyolye 12
CAPRIMULGIFORMES
Caprimulgidae:
Chordeiles minor__-_-------------— Nightihawk.oo2.s52.225-2 Se eon 1
TROGONIFORMES
Trogonidae:
Priotelus temnurus__.._---------- Cuban: -trogon] 22k eee 2
CORACIIFORMES
Alcedinidae:
IDOGAD Gti OS Sr = Kookaburra /22<=222 22222 eae 2
Momotidae:
Momotus momotus parensis__----- Motmot i222 ee ALES 2
Bucerotidae:
Buceros rhinoceros__------------- Rhinoceros hornbill___-__-------- 1
Bueorvus abyssinicus___---------- Abyssinian ground hornbill___---_- 2,
Dichoceros. bicornis.___---------- Concave casque hornbill_____-_-___ 2
90 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
PICIFORMES
Ramphastidae:
Aulacorhynchus erythrognathus__-_ Venezuelan toucanette_-___-----__
Pteroglossus bitorquatus___-----+- . Two-banded ‘avacari-/o-=---- ===
Ramphastos ariel. 2.2 eee Ariel, toucans 2 tinal an nee
Ramphastos toco___-_---=__--=--- Toco LOuMAnY = ee eee ee
Selenidera culik_---_- es ines oh can) Guiana’ toucaneties4=iiee "ake
PASSERIFORMES
‘Cotingidae:
Chasmorhynchus nudicollis____-—-~ Naked-throated bell-bird_________-
Graculidae :
Gracula palawanensis_____------- Palawan mynahe eae
Gracula religiosa_____-___--------= Southern hill mynah__________-___
Tyrannidae:
Pitangus sulphuratus_------------ Kiskadee flycatchers 2
‘Corvidae:
Aphelocoma californica woodhouset- Woodhouse’s jay—----~-----------=
Calocitta formosa_._—.----=--=-- + Mexican magpie jay--.—__--_-+_=_
Cissa chinensis_- 22 eee Chinese Cissat. vane ee ee
Coruusnalouses eee ee - White-breasted crow_________--___
Oorvus brachyrhynchos_-----= oe ale AT CEICAM:! CLO We 22g el ee eae
Corvus coraw sinwatus--_--------- American ravyen__ J... ss eee
Corvus coronoides__-..—---=------ NUISB EW MEM ON eee
j Corvus cryptoleucus:.._...-----. White-necked raven-—_-..--2..—. .
Oyanocitta cristata’ 2) ee Se Blue) yay. 2
Cyanocorax cyanopogon__-----~-- White-naped jay_______-__________-
‘Pica nuttalli___-_____-______-.=-=. ,Yellow-billed magpie__-_-____--____
Pica pica hudsonia_.___-__--_-_--. American magpie-—-_ eee
« Urocissa occipitalis.____._.cu.t___-_ Red-billed blue magpie____-~-~~-=-
Xanthoura lucuosa guatemalensis. Guatemalan green jay_----_-~---_-
Paradiseidae ;
Paradisea minor__-__---.-=.--.-» Lesser bird of paradise__-...----.<
Seleucides niger -- = es es 12-wired bird of paradise.-__---~=-
Timaliidae:
Pomatorhinus erythrogenys imber-
(Bae AE oe a Salvadori’s scimitar-babbler______~
Pycnonotidae:
Molpastes haemorrhous_---------~- Black-headed bulbul__----------_-
Otocompsa jocosus__.__-_.--- =..~ Red-eared bulbul_________--__---.
Turdidae:
Mimocichla rubripes__=---------- Western red-legged thrush___-___-
LORS: OPO SS ee Bonaparte!s)) thrushes2 eee
Laniidae:
TOUS GK GS Teita fiscal shrike____-___--2=222%
Sturnidae: I
Cosmopsanis negiuss= eee Splendid’ starling= 2222.22 ees
Galeopsar salvadorit__-____--__-= Crested . starling_.~-__-~--_.-____
Lamprocolius sycobius___.___-__.__~ Southern glossy starling___.___-~_ aie
Coerebidae:
Cyanerpes cyaneus_-_.__----_.__.._.. Blue honey creeper--__-_---~-_---~-+
Icteridae:
DAV OKANO HHORY USXSOC IIHS si Cuban red-winged blackbird______
Agelaius icterocephalus___-.__-___ Yellow-headed marsh bird_-__--_~_
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY . z OL.
Icteridae—Continued.
Amblyrhamphus holosericeus____- Red-headed marsh troupial-—-_---_ 1
Gymnomystax mexricanus_________ Gilamntoriolets 0 Va btyeii yes via 1
FCUCTANS! QUT QUG 22 Ee ee Giraud’s)orioles 22.) 2s eae 1
WMOLOtRTUS ater 2-2-9 See eee Cow bind) 22 Boe a eo ales 1
Psomocolax oryvivora_____-____-- Rice) eracklewee ues ties ve iee 1
Xanthocephalus xsanthocephalus___ Yellow-headed blaeckbird__--_----- 4
Thraupidae :
Spindalis pretrei___.________.-____ Cuban spindaliss = sts ss Stee 3
Tanagra luteicapilla_____________- Yellow-crowned euphonia___-----~ 1
Thraupis cana. 22k Po Je tere itt
Thraupis palmarum melanoptera__ Palm tanager__--------__----~---- 1
Ploceiidae :
Amadina fasciata____---__--____- Cut-throat finchisss 24+.) t
Coliuspasser ardens_____________- Red-necked whydah____-~__-_____ 4
Diatropura procne_____----___--_ Giant iwhydah]= ee &
Huplectes capensis_______--__---- Yellow-shouldered whydah______-- aL
Neochmia phaeton_____-__________ Crimson or blood finch _____-__-_--- 1
Padda-oryziwora__-- == 22 to White Java sparrow____-_-______- 2
Ploceus intermedius___-__-__-_--__ Black-cheeked weaver _—_—-----__ 20
Ploceus rubiginosus___-____--__-_ Chestnut-breasted weaver____--_-- 8
Poephila acuticauda____--___-__-- Long-tailed finechs____ 22222522) 9
Poephila gouldiae______-____--___ Gouldianefinch! sae eee 5
Quelea sanguinirestris intermedia. Southern masked weaver finch_-_-- 1
Steganopleura bichenovit_____-_-_ Ban@dedi finches = Suiinne ees viis enh ol aes D5
Steganura paradisea_____-___-_-- Paradise »whydah —_2+---=_-=#--- + q
Taeniopygia castanotis____-______. Zebra) Aine See CA a eas BS
Fringillidae:
Carduelis carduelis______-_-----_- Huropean gold finch_____________-_ 1
Fringilla montifringilla____--__--- Bramblines finch 2s ass eens 1
Melopyrrha nigra__-__--_--__--~_ (Opole VoouNbivave ay oe SE 2
Poroaria cristata.) Red-erested or Brazilian cardinal 1
Pheucticus tibialis _--___.__---_-_- Yellow grosbeak_-__________---_-- 1
Serinus canarius____----------_-- Canamiygie th. iis beste iy eas toneiers ek 8
SiGGliseaninorne a eel ee Lesser yellow finech_~_-__---_-__-_- 1
Sporophila aurita_______-_-__-____ Hick’s seed-eater_____________--__ 4
Sporophila gutturalis________-_-- Yellow-bellied seed-eater________-~ 3
AUOCHPOS (COMM CTR pO Melodius grassquit ______---__---- Zs
Tiaris olivacea__--_-___--_---_-_- Mexican grassquit___-_______---_-_ 15
Volatinia jacarini_______---___-__- Blue-black grassquit__.--__-_-___- 2
REPTILES
LORIOATA
Crocodylidae:
Alligator mississipiensis___-_------ AUT gent hrs toe aI el 36
Caiman sclerops_____=-~- -—---.-- (@ eae earn aS as 3
Orocodylusvacuins. ae American crocodile___--_-----_--= 1
Crocodylus cataphractus___------- West African crocodile_____----~-- 1
Crocodylus porosus_----------+---- Salt water crocodile_-______------- I
Osteolaemus tetraspis_.___------- Broad-nosed crocodile___-.------__ t
92 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
SQUAMATA
Lacertidae:
Lacerta muralis. 2 eines eee AYN) O Raed bi Achy ct [Age sees ees Ma reve ne | 3
Lacerta viridis. -— 20) + ee mui Geen! MEZA Oe Nae le 3
Agamidae:
Physignathus lesuewrii_-_-------- Lesueur’s water dragon _-----_-_- 2
Tguanidae:
Anolis’ carolinensis=——— 2 ==" eee False chameleon_____--_-_-__~---~— 12
Anolis. equestris___ 2iLbes5 be nee Giant. anolis.o. --S2eetenee ot eee 8
Anolis: porceatusist _bonwessaeetes Cuban {9nolis2 sate ees eee 2
Conolophus subcristatus____-_---- Galapagos. iguana___ 2-22 422-4588 al!
CY CUURGACORNULO == as Shes Rhinoceros iguana_-+-_------==--- 1
Leiocephalus cubensis____------_- Cuban curl-tailed lizard_____ =n pBehin 13
Phrynosoma cornutum__—---_----— Horned. lizard 22 142 tee we ees 6
Phyrnosoma. platyrhinos__-------- Horned) lizard) 2s 2s eee ees 3
CONDUC US See AR wh fe RUE Plicated Tizard] = Sees e ee 1
Sceloporus. magister=. 2-2-2 Western spiny lizard___----_--____ 1
Sceloporus torquatus cyanogenys__ Scaly lizard__-_----------------__ 2,
Sceloporus undulatus__---___---__- Fence lizard. Sie i ee 8
Gerrhosauridae :
Gerrhosaurus validws__.___------- Robust plated lizard------------_ 1
Helodermatidae :
Heloderma horridum_____-------~ Mexican beaded lizard_---_-~----~
Heloderma suspectum_._--------_ Gila’, wmonsteris see ee ab
Teiidae: :
Cnemidophorus s. serlineatus____- Six-lined Jizardse*\ss527 Gee 4
Crocodilurus lacertinus_____-__--~ Crocodile lizard=222.4 aa 3
Dracaena gwianensis______-_------ Dragon Tigard] 228 Skee 1
Tupinambis nigropunctatus___-___ Meg ViZard 2 Saieeein ence aoe
Scincidae:
Hgernia cunninghami__.__-_-----_- Cunningham’s skink___+—-+------- 4
HG CTNiO NOG OTS ee ies Greater, Skink _-ss5t2os Seas 1
EFumeces. fasciatusice 2 sates Red-headed skink___-_____~-__----_ 1
HUMEGCES OOSOLETUS = {ea Eee Brown. skink. ~2- 2222 ee eee 3
TAUGUO. MIGrolUuteg ied SA tiak: wpe Mottled lizard= 222) Oe eke eee i
Tilviqua Scincoidesi se we ea Blue-tongued lizard. __---___-_--- Py
Trachysaurus rugosus ii Stump-tailed lizard____-.-+----_+ 2
Varanidae:
ViGranus Goulds ae sieap ieee iont Gould's monitor) =e a 1
Varanus niloticuse222 Sieben African: monitors: eee 1
Zonuridae :
ZONULUS) CLG anteUse Ao ea Black spiny lizard]! 22a il
OPHIDIA
Boidae:
ESO CU CCU 1 CE ae ens eNO Green-tree “boas Gisese ie ae 3
Constrictor constrictor__-________ Common: poas=s-- 20s eee 3
Constrictor mexicana_______-_____ Mexiean- -boas.t- 22. Noi SV Dee i
Hpicrates angwlifer se Cuban: tree “boaliss bl ho ee one 3
Lpienates CEnChrig. 22s 2 ae Rainbow boa===2820 ie eae 13
LP tCKOLES = SUOFUC/ UALS as ee eRe Jamaica~-boas swe US. _ iii DA eee il
Hunectes mininus) 2 see eee Ama cond aie yee a ea Se ae 3
Tropidophis melanurus_____--__-- Cuban Won wd Ue nee nals ik
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 93
Pythonidae:
Python molurus_. ~~~ Indian) python! sso as ee eas 1
PYthOniTegrusGs vv ovia blip Ball python--s-. Hy Mseey it egaanvopmpibe 08 1
Python reticulatus__._____________ Regal python) 2-2-2 = needed 4
‘Colubridae:
Abastor erythrogrammus—__—_-___ Hoopsnake or rainbow snake____-_~ 3
Alsophis angulifer-____._.___-_____ Jubo: or culebral_—_ = = eee 3
Coluber c. constrictor_______-_~__-_ Black, snake 222 ce tssr.ans speach, Ay 3
Drymarchon corais cooperi_____~—_ Indigo snakes alpe see ee ey = 1
Mtanhe guttata__ 2252) sabe sans Corn. snake. otteanwies de Gi as 2 7
HTN NO UGG aaa ET ae Hmory7s!) Snake sess) 2yto dense ee 1
Hiaphe obsoleta confinis_____-_____ Southern pilot snake __--___--_-_~ 1
Flaphe o. obsoleta_._____-_-__-__-_ Pilot, snakes.) 22 tw py gee 9
_Hlaphe quadrivittata_____________ Chicken snake _-_--_-~--=__=+--+_ 6
Elaphe vulpina__-__--~__----_--__- Hoxysnake! {ia cfany ees over tOes 1
_Farancia abacura___-----~------- Mud or horn snake_~-~_-----_--___ 1
Heterodon contortrig__.__-__-__-_~ Hog-nosed snake ___-________-_-_— 2
_Lampropeltis getulus floridana__.__ Florida king snake______---__-_~~ 7
Lampropeltis g. getwlus______-__- King Ssnakensaiesbeastinne Geeta a ty 2
Leimadophis andreae___-__-__-_- Jubito or magdalena___________-__ 2;
Liopeltis vernalis___._____-_-----__~ Smooth green snake_~---~__--____ 1
ikesticophis sp. = ae Coachwhip snake_-__~~=----~--+__ 2
NGtIONCYClOpIONS Laney Sees Wisiterisna etre spieke | acc eie ete 13
NGEID Spottt) Hina lpad ore el Wiaiterismall<e =) enna Siig Ree 18
Opheodrys aestivus___.______----- Rough-sealed green snake __-----~— 1
Pituophis melanoleucus__~-_-----_~ BuUlysmalke a’. eye sess Caen ire 1
IERDO NMS S02 aa EN ee Piney Snake eh aia ain a ve, eevee 1
Thamnophis sauritus___-_------_- Ribbon, snake. 2 -sekias esa 3
Thamnophis s. sirtalis__.___--__---- Garter snake... 1s — Smenyenee 8
Tretanorhinus variabilis_____-_---- Cuban water snake____--_________ 1
Elapidae:
Micrurus fulvius__.--_-2_-__----_ Coralivsnake ss) Saas Se ete 1
INGiGsfava. 2 obiers “hatpii pit Golden, cobra=2 2 ee 1
Naja tripudians sumatrana___---- Sumatran black-hooded cobra_---- 1
‘Crotalidae :
Agkistrodon mokasen___---------- Copperhead, __- -—- Ss ie4e nhstes 6
Agkistrodon piscivorus__----_---- Water moccasin_-—_-~~---~-+--_- 15
Crotalus adamanteus__----------- Diamond-backed rattlesnake__—_~~ q
‘Onotalusiatnrot 2 Desert rattlesnake___-___---_-__--- 1
Crotalus confluentus__-__--------+-- Western rattlesnake___-__--______ 3
Crotalus horridus________-------— Banded rattlesnake____-_--------_ 6
Sistrurus catenatus catenatus____—_ IMASSASaIo alta ai ah ae Eee 2
Sistrurus miliarius____----------- Pigmy rattlesnake__--_-__-----.-~ 3
Trimeresurus monticola_-_------—- Mountain pit, viper--__---_-___--__ 1
‘Viperidae:
ButiiSariCtans.—— —— ea ek Puitivad ders 222ek se ye NS 1
VDCEUMUCTUS2 = eee Huropesn vipers eee 2
TESTUDINATA
Chelydidae:
Hydromedusa tectifera______-_--- South American snake-necked tur-
(Hee ea ae ee ee 4
Platemys platycephala____-_--~_---- Mlat-heady turtle==-22 2) eee 1
Q4 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Pelomedusidae :
Peiomedusa galeata___-___------~ Common African water-tortoise____
Podocnemis expansa_---_--------- South American river tortoise____-
Kinosternidae :
Kinosternon flavescens____------- Musk turtle.) ols...) eee
Kinosternon subrubrum__-------- Musk turtle__-__-____ aS OL RE
Chelydridae: ¢
Chelydra. osceola__ = eo ee Osceola snapping turtle___________
Chelydra rossignoniti___-_~________ Rossignon’s snapping turtle_______
Chelydra serpentina____________-- Snapping turtles ee ee
Macrochelys. temminckii______--_- Alligator snapping turtle__--______
Testudinidae :
CREYSENUY SI -DLCUd Dae Sy eee Painted -turtleL {22k oe eee
Clemmystguttata 22 eee Spotted “turtles es Ane ea
Clemmys insculpta______---~-----_ Wood tortoise__________
Clemmys muhlenbergit_______---- Muhlenberg’s tortoise-__2_________
Cyclemys amboinensis______-_____ Malayan box ‘turtle: __2___-
Gopherus agassizii_____.__________ Agassiz's’ tortoise. 2-2 see
Gopherus polyphemus_-______--__ Gopher ‘tortoises. 41s pisses
Graptemys pseudogeographica_.___ False geographic turtle______-_____
Malaclemmys centrata_______.____ Diamond-back terrapin_-_-_________
Pseudemys concinna_____---__-_-_ Cooter 222. 2 2s ee) Ba
Pseudemys decussata____-_-______ Haitian. terrapine sana ae
Pseudemys elegans_-___--_____--- Cumberland terrapin--__-_________
Pseudemys floridana____---______- Mloridalterra pin s2tesss eee
Pseudemys rugosus.2 es es Cubane terrayp ial weiss eeioese ee
Rerrapene .Canound22 Se eae Boxatortoiseset! 2s. cine ae
NETRA EME <0) O12 a aes ee Hlorida box turtles. stenoses
LeErrapeney OL NOlaa 2 aie aie Ornate stortoise.. 4: ss 2 eee
Testudo elephantina_____-__-___-__ Hlephant tortoisez: 222 eee
Tesiudo ephippium=—_____________ Dunean Island tortoise____________
Testudo hoodensis___-_________ Hood Island tortoise______________
Resiudo radiata 222 Eke ei Radiated tortoise___________-i-___
Restudowtaoulata so ree South American tortoise__________
HeSeUdoOntonnent ee eae Ss Soft-shelled land tortoise__-__---~
Mestad onwicings 22 = ea Albemarle Island tortoise_________
Trionychidae:
AYU. OG FCT O OE EO ER Soft-shelled turtle________________
AMPHIBIA
CAUDATA
Salamandridae:
Salamandra salamandra__________ Salamander. 223000 See
Triturus pyrrhogaster___._________ Red-bellied Japanese newt________
Triturus viridescens______-_______ Common newt=2222- 230 ieee
Amphiumidae:
Amphiuma means_____ Blind, eel or Congo snake_________
Amphiuma tridactylum__________- Blind eel or Congo snake_________
Cryptobranchidae:
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis_____ Hellbender2 2222222 22 Sea nae arena
Necturidae:
Necturus maculosus__-__ 22 = Mud" puppy2ss2 oe ee eee
2
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 95
SALIBNTIA
Brachycephalidae:
Atelopus varius cruciger__________ Yellow atelopus_______________ + ail
Atelopus varius varius____-----_- NellOw A atelOp Us = se es 6
Discoglossidae :
Bombina bombina_____-__________ Vire-bellied toad__________________ 2
Dendrobatidae :
Dendrobates auratus_____________ Arrow-poison frog____-___________ 30
Dendrobates pumilio __-__________ Redmdendropateseen ss. aula 1
Bufonidae :
BAO AuTi SE See ee ee Green. toad —— 2) Ye ceeds 5
Bufo americanus__---_---__--__-- Common American toad___________ 2
BU OW eCMDUWSUS= 22252 ee Sapo de concha____-_-___________ 15
IBOO. CMH Ie e Marines toad22 24 = eae 4
Bufo peltocephalus________---_--- Cubanciant, toad== ee 10
Ceratophrydae:
Ceratophrys dorsata________-_--__- FVORM eC yt Oe da es Seeks ee See 2
Hylidae:
PNG TISNOMUULWS ooo a ee Cricket fro glass ae ae one 2,
LN CFO Green tree frog___________________ 4
Hyla ceerulea——---- === Australian tree frog---_________-_ v6
Hula -cinered@s22sc-5 22 tb ise et Florida tree frog____--____--__--__ 1
IED: GRUCH IC ED re@e sir O oe een a AO 4
Hyla septentrionalis___-_-_------_- Cuban tree: frog 22 ee eee 17
Pipidae:
Pipa: Qmericana 22 ses tee Smuatine won WOR OL 1
Xenopus mulleri______----+------ Muller’s clawed frog____-____-_____ 5
Ranidae:
ONO GESOPwSa- =e a Gopher frog net 92s 2k 1
Rana catesbeiana____-__--------- BW SROges Se ke ei Piss ee Hee ee 1
Fang clamitans=—— = 222s ee Gree ney fr 0 Oe Me eee ee 1
Rana sphenocephala_____-__-__--_- Southern leopard frog____________ 1
FISHES
PNG OIG OIL CUINE SIMIC WIG UYU = ee eee ss Le ee 5
LBOPOOS SD SSE ae a ee ee ee 8
ISG SUIS Siamese fighting fish_._____________ alt
Brachydanion rerio___-_-------------- Aebrartish tetas). Vea Sao 5
Gorydoras aeneus_____-_.--_-____--__ Trinidad armored catfish__________ 4
Corydoras melanistius_______-___---__ ATTN OT CCU GAi ttl Se 1
Electrophorus electricus____-_-_-----_-- TWReCtPIG CC) os Boe! oe we a Nee 1
Helostoma temminckii______---------- INS Oo LE Se 2
ENCMMOGLAMNIMNUS: UNTINEAUS= = a Lek eo Le Lea oe eae ee 1
EC CO RONG LCT OL IVT OS Ca ee a AE RT ete Se Ne 8
Hyphessobrycon bifasciatws______----- Wellow, characin=== ceo eall
JEQIDOSUOMOUS Ya ee Armored catfish____--------__-_~_ 1
WOGdanellay lonidae. American flag fish_______-_________ q
Kryptopterus bicirrhus__-_----------- Gilossiicaithish= 2s Sc See 4
Lebistes reticulatus_____-__---_-_--____-- Guppy wee2 oe ae ae eee 50
Lepidosiren paradora_-__------------- South American lungfish_-----__--~ 3
CV ORUUUST AGS CUOLUSH Ree, PIL Dein) SEY a eee a es ee ae eee 1
Malopterurus electricus____----------~- Hlectrichcathish== 22s ae 1
Pantodon, -buclihotet_=—— 2 = ‘Buttertly, fishes 22222208 vase ee 1
06 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Platypoecilus maculatus___----------- Goldplatics: 2.2 eee 20
IBHIStCUld PAGlete. oc) 2s ee Be ee ee
Protopterus annectens__________-___-_ AN Beez la IpbOA os 2.
Piterophyllum scalare__-_____-_______- Angel fish_--_- Daa NILE a 4
RUS Oi LC CCT OVC OTD TU eee il cP NN, FDU Bass
Trichogaster trichopterus___________-- Three-spot gouramin = 2 = Eee 3
Xiphophorus hetleritt_._.._.______-.-_-_ Swordtall/ 22 ee eee 12
ARACHNIDS
ORPINGTON 5 Tarantula coo oe 2 hin ay
Latrodectus mactans___-----_---__-___ Black widow spider______________ 4
INSECTS
dL BSIN ORBEA CED! NS 1 eases pes a AUD aR SURV ONE res NE UE Giant cockroach s.)90ssssaaamaee 50:
MOLLUSKS
Achatinawvaniegatass saan Giant land snail E
CRUSTACEA
Cardisoma guanhumi______-__--______ GreatJand crabi.2 eee I
Respectfully submitted.
W. M. Mann, Director.
Dr. C. G. Axsor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 7
REPORT ON THE ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activi-
ties of the Astrophysical Observatory for the fiscal year ended
June 380, 1937:
WORK AT WASHINGTON
REVISION OF SOLAR-CONSTANT VALUES
At the beginning of the fiscal year preparations were being made
to publish a table of best values of the solar constant of radiation
since 1930. This table involved the comparison of results from three
field stations, searching for errors of reduction, and examining .the
records of each individual day for evidences of imperfect observation
or unfavorable sky conditions.
But in considering certain discrepancies it suddenly occurred to the
Director that a flaw had been overlooked when he devised the so-
called short method of reduction in 1923. It will be recalled that in
the years 1903 to 1919 all observations of the solar constant had been
made by the fundamental or long method. This involved measure-
ments of the intensity of sun rays from early morning until mid-
forenoon, and about 2 days of computing to yield one value of
the solar constant of radiation. Moreover, if the sky gradually be-
came clearer or more hazy during the several hours of observation,
the value obtained would be too high or too low, without any means
of recognizing this error.
To save work, to avoid error, and to multiply results, the short
method was introduced in 1919. Two solar-constant values could be
obtained from observations of only 10 minutes’ duration for each, by
computations requiring only 1 day for both. In 1923, however, a
method occurred to the Director whereby the computing could be
almost eliminated, through the use of tables computed once for all.
* All through the years which have since elapsed this method has been
used. Usually, five values were obtained without undue labor for
each day observed.
- But some months ago, as above stated, the Director perceived that
this brief method has a fatal flaw. Without going into technicalities,
the defect consists in this: that if the results of two equally clear days
are to be compared, on one of which the sun actually emits 1 percent
97
O8 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
more intense radiation than on the other, the brief method of 1923.
will indeed distinguish the day of more intense radiation, but will
show less than the true 1 percent change. Moreover the deficiency
of amplitude in solar variation, due to the method of 1928, is greater
the more hazy the days, and the lower in altitude the station from
which the sun is observed.
Consequently, although the published record of solar variation
since 1923 shows solar changes at their right times and in their right
directions, the amplitudes of variation found are too small. Also,
the hazier stations are at a disadvantage, not only because of their
less favorable sky conditions, which naturally give inferior results,
but because the method of reduction of 1923 inevitably diminishes the
resulting amplitude of the variation of the sun, which they were
established to determine, even more than it affects clearer stations.
Our first care was to devise a correct method of reduction, retaining
as far as possible the brevity of computation which was the merit
of that of 1923. Several months were occupied by the staff at Wash-
ington in comparing different proposed methods, checking their
results, and at length in computing tables for the one finally selected.
This new brief method, although somewhat shorter than the short
method used from 1919 to 1923, is far longer than that of 1923. It
requires, what was unnecessary for the method of 1923, the complete
measurement of the photographic records of observation, just as
complete, indeed, as the long method used prior to 1919.
Accordingly, orders were sent to all field stations to have measured,
if possible, three bolographs for each day since 1923 when the sun
was observed. This heavy task has been to a large degree accom-
plished by the field observers.
In the meanwhile, by financial aid of John A. Roebling, and by
the assistance of W. P. A., the computing staff at Washington has
been much enlarged. Great progress has been made in the rereduc-
tion of the solar-constant observations. Mount Montezuma observa-
tions since 1932 have been fully recomputed, and several years’
observations at Table Mountain are done. However, it will require
many months before the recomputations are fully completed.
SILVER-DISK PYRHELIOMETERS
As in former years, orders have come from foreign lands. for
silver-disk pyrheliometers, either new or to be repaired and re-
standardized. These instruments are in use at nearly a hundred sta-
tions in many countries, in all of the continents of the world, to
measure the solar radiation. But nowhere are they used in coopera-
tion with the spectroscope, as with us, to make complete determina-
tions of the solar constant of radiation.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Q9
ADDITIONAL SOLAR STATIONS
Great hope had been aroused by favorable action of the Senate in
June 1936, with approval of the President and the Bureau of the
Budget, that as many as seven additional stations for observing the
solar constant of radiation could be established. But the hoped-for
appropriation having failed in the House, the item was rejected by
the Bureau of the Budget im the estimates for 1938, and with the
present stress on economy in Government expenditure seems un-
likely to be revived. It is still believed that valuable advance in
weather forecasting would follow the accurate daily determination
of solar variation, such as might be attained with additional solar-
constant stations.
LONG-RANGE FORECASTING, LAKE LEVELS, AND TREE RINGS
Letters have been received nearly every day by the Director from
drought-stricken areas, some telling of observations confirmatory
of his expectations as to the progress of the drought, but most of
them begging for predictions to cover ensuing years. The Director,
in his replies, has always pointed out the insecurity of such predic-
tions. He has limited himself to referring to indications arising
from the history of Great Lakes levels since 1837. These point to a
probability that drought conditions in the Northwestern States and
neighboring Canada will mend beginning in 1938, but recur in 1975.
This view is supported by a record of 400 years’ duration in tree
rings at Fairlee, Vt., measured by Professor Lyon, of Dartmouth
College. Periodicities of 23, 46, and 92 years are plainly apparent
therein, which have close relations to the levels of the Great Lakes.
SOLAR ENGINE
The Director caused to be prepared and tested in September 19386
a solar radiation steam boiler of his design. The machine is repre-
sented in the accompanying illustration. It exposed 36 square feet
(pl. 7) of mirror surface and was intended to produce about 14 horse-
* power at the engine. Cinematograph records were made of it, and by
operating an electric generator a short program was broadcast by
solar power. However, the device had many defects, and was not in
that form practical for utilizing solar radiation for power. <A small
solar flash boiler has since been prepared which offers much greater
promise.
FIELD WORK
Solar radiation observing stations have been maintained by public
funds, supplemented by private resources of the Smithsonian Insti-
100 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
tution, at Table Mountain, Calif.; Montezuma, Chile; and Mount St.
Katherine, Egypt. At these three stations the observations to de-
termine the solar constant of radiation have been made on all favor-
able days. The average number of days per year suitable for these
exacting observations is about the same at these three elevated cloud-
less desert stations and approaches 80 percent of all days.
PERSONNEL
Frederick EK. Fowle, research assistant, who joined the staff of the
Astrophysical Observatory in the year 1894, was retired for dis-
ability at the end of the fiscal year. Mr. Fowle has been associated
with practically the entire history of the Observatory, and has taken
a large part in its observing, computing, theoretical studies, and
plans for its work. He will be especially remembered for his re-
searches on water vapor and ozone in the atmosphere, for his long
investigation of the extreme infrared spectrum of water vapor, and —
for his authorship of numerous editions of “Smithsonian Physical
Tables”, which enjoy an enviable reputation,
_ Respectfully submitted.
C. G. Aspor, Director.
The SrcrEerary,
Smithsonian Institution.
PLATE 7
Secretary's Report, 1937,—Appendix 7
LO
yO
Ss
See
a
THE ABBOT SOLAR RADIATION STEAM BOILER IN THE YARD OF THE ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY, SEPTEMBER 1936.
iS
Nae
fk
APPENDIX 8
_ REPORT ON THE DIVISION OF RADIATION AND
ORGANISMS
' Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the
‘activities of the Division of Radiation and Organisms during the
year ended June 30, 1937:
Notable successes have been attained during the year in the studies
of photosynthesis, of phototropism, and of special reactions of ultra-
violet rays in the economy of various plant forms.
W. H. Hoover published the results of several years’ study of
photosynthesis in wheat. This basic study was made with wheat
grown in glass tubes of measured temperature, humidity, and carbon
dioxide content, under nearly monochromatic selected spectral rays
of measured intensity.1. Various radiation sources were employed,
sometimes the Mazda electric light, sometimes the mercury arc, some-
times the sun. The results are of high accuracy. They give to a
probable error of only 2 percent in most spectral regions the de-
pendence on wave length of the assimilation of carbon dioxide by
wheat. The accompanying figure shows that photosynthesis in
wheat, starting from zero at the end of the visible red, reaches a
high maximum in the red at 6500 A, diminishes through the yellow
and green, reaches a subordinate maximum in the blue at 4400 A,
and then fades away in the violet.
Mr. Hoover’s work was accomplished by a chemical method of
estimating the air content of carbon dioxide. During the year Dr.
McAlister has further perfected a spectral absorption method of
extraordinary sensitiveness and extreme rapidity for measuring car-
bon dioxide concentration in air. The apparatus has been standard-
ized by him and has become a tool which bids fair to be of immense
value for the detection and measurement, not only of carbon dioxide,
but carbon monoxide, and other organic chemical compounds of ex-
treme interest in plant physiology, human metabolism, mine explora-
tions, and perhaps in other industrial fields. In connection with this
apparatus, L. B. Clark has developed an extremely sensitive and
rugged thermocouple, the evacuated housing of which is sealed by a
bubble window of microscopically thin glass. These beautiful devices
together add greatly to the practical success of the spectral absorption
1 Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 95, no. 21, pp. 1-13, figs. 1-4, pls. 1-3, 1937.
101
102 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
method. The new apparatus has been duplicated in our shop for in-
tensive use in photosynthetic studies. We expect. to observe photosyn-
thesis quantitatively in various families of plants.
Dr. McAlister published preliminary results of a research on time
relations in photosynthesis. He showed that intermittent illumina-
tion gives very different growth rates depending on the rapidity of
intermittance. With alternations of hght and darkness 60 times per
second the growth rate over a period of several hours was actually
twice as rapid as with continuous illumination of an equal total quan-
tity of light supplied. Owing to the practically instantaneous: char-
acter of his measurements, he was able, for the first time, in studies
350
300
250
200
150
C02 ABSORPTION
100
50
3500 4500 5500 6500 7500
WAVE LENGTH
FIGuRE 1.—Wave-length assimilation curves.
of plant physiology, to turn on the light and continuously follow what
happens in plant growth. Many most interesting observations were
recorded.?
In a cooperative research with Dr. Flint, of the United States De-
partment of Agriculture, Flint and McAlister examined the efficiency
of different wave lengths of light to promote germination in light-
sensitive lettuce seed.* Their results tie in most suggestively with the
2 Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 95, no. 24; pp. 1-17, figs. 1-10, pls. 1, 2, 1937.
®* Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 1-8, figs. 1, 2, pl. 1, 1937.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 103
curve of chlorophyll absorption. Wave length regions inhibiting
germination were found in the blue and in the infrared spectrum.
Dr. E. S. Johnston continued with marked progress his investiga-
tions tending to produce normal growth of tomato plants under lab-
oratory conditions. The great difficulty 1s to ebtain from artificial
sources light of sufficient intensity and proper wave-length distribu-
tion. By various ingenious expedients he has to a considerable degree
solved the problem.
He also continued phototropic experiments, studying the bending
of plants toward the light as well as carbon dioxide assimilation
with polarized as compared to normal light. It had been sug-
gested that a real difference would be found, but he found none.
With Dr. P. R. Burkholder, of Connecticut College, Dr. Johns-
ton investigated the inactivation of plant growth substance by light.4
A very beautiful technique was developed, whereby live tips and
half tips of oat seedlings were applied in various ways to decapi-
tated oat seedlings in order to determine what are the circum-
stances which govern elongation under the influence of light. The
results appear to show that under considerable intensities of light
the growth hormones are inactivated rather than displaced in pro-
ducing the well-known lower stature of illuminated plants as com-
‘pared with plants grown in semidarkness. For further informa-
tion see their very interesting paper.
Dr. Meier did much work on the classification of a large col-
lection of algae for the National Herbarium. Her own investiga-
tions concerned a search for the stimulation of multiplication in
algae by ultraviolet rays known to be lethal in doses of sufficient
intensity. The research is not finished as yet, but plainly shows
great stimulative influence by minute doses of these lethal rays,
and that the degree of stimulation is most interestingly connected
both with wave length and with the lethal dosage.
The instrument maker, Mr. Fillmen, and the glass technician,
Mr. Clark, constructed nip AIPA of vane De use in these inves-
tigations.
“Aeseuenillky submitted. :
C. G. Aszot, Director.
The Srcrerary,
Smithsonian Institution.
4 Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 95, no. 20, pp. 1-14, fig. 1, pls. 1, 2, 1937.
APPENDIX 9
REPORT ON THE LIBRARY
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the
activities of the Smithsonian library for the fiscal year ended June
30, 1937: )
THE LIBRARY
The library, or library system, of the Smithsonian is made up
of 45 libraries, all more or less specialized and independent in their
nature and location, but all cooperating under the central purpose
of the Institution. They are the Smithsonian deposit in the Library
of Congress, which is the main unit of the system; the library of
the United States National Museum; the library of the Bureau
of American Ethnology; the Smithsonian office hbrary; the library
of the Astrophysical Observatory; the library of Radiation and
Organisms; the brary of the Freer Gallery of Art; the library of
the National Collection of Fine Arts (until recently the National
Gallery of Art); the Langley aeronautical library, since 1930 on
special deposit in the Library of Congress; the library of the National
Zoological Park; and, finally, the 35 sectional libraries of the
National Museum. |
PERSONNEL
There were two changes in the permanent staff. Lucile A. Torrey,
senior stenographer in the office of the librarian, was appointed to
the newly ‘established position of library assistant in the National
Collection of Fine Arts, and Mrs. George C. Rodgers was chosen
for the vacancy—a position she had formerly held. Carroll M.
Martin, assistant messenger in the National Museum library, was
transferred to the Social Security Board, and Joseph Salat, Jr.,
succeeded him.
The temporary assistants were Helen G. Rankin and Margaret
Kober. Fifteen workers were also assigned to the library for vari-
ous periods by the Works Progress Administration.
EXCHANGE OF PUBLICATIONS
The exchange work of the year brought to the library, as usual, a
wealth of publications. These represented most of the 22,714 pack-
104
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 105
-ages received by mail and the 2,226 by the International Exchange
Service—a total of 24,940, or an increase of 764 over 1936. Each
package contained one or more items. Among the largest sendings
were those from the Australian National Research Council, Sydney ;
Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft, Berlin; Royal Society of Tas-
mania, Hobart; Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne; Société
‘Géologique de Belgique, Liége; Society for the Preservation of the
Fauna of the Empire, “Leesan Verein der Freunde der Naturge-
schichte in Mecklenburg, ib agar and Zoological Society of ‘Lond am.
The number of dissertations seated was 5,367, or 1,654 fewer than
the year before. Of these, 2,292 were sent 0 te Smithsonian
deposit; the other 3,075, being medical in character, were forwarded
to the Surgeon General’s library. They came from the Academy of
Freiberg, the universities of Basel, Berlin, Bern, Bonn, Braun-
schweig, Breslau, Cornell, Delft, Erlangen, Freiburg, Giessen,
Heidelberg, Helsingfors, Jena, Johns Hopkins, Kiel, Kénigsberg,
Leipzig, Liége, Lund, Lwéw, Marburg, Neuchatel, Pennsylvania,
Rostock, Strasbourg, Tiibingen, Utrecht, Wittenberg, Wiirzburg,
and Zirich, and the technical schools of Berlin, Braunschweig, Dres-
den, Karlsruhe, and Ziirich.
The staff wrote 2,307 letters, most of which had to do with the
exchange of publications. They obtained by special correspondence
and by search among the Smithsonian duplicates 4,580 volumes and
parts needed in various sets, particularly in the Smithsonian deposit
and the libraries of the National Museum, Astrophysical Observatory,
and National Zoological Park. They also arranged for 262 new
exchanges.
It should be noted that, while the number of small sendings received
has increased somewhat during recent years, the number of large ones
has diminished. This falling off in the large sendings would indicate
that the special effort of the employees in the libraries of the Smith-
sonian, begun sometime ago, to recheck the main sets for missing
numbers and obtain by exchange as many of these as possible while
they were still available, has been highly successful, at least so far
as the gaps, especially the longer ones, can be filled in this manner.
It is reasonable to expect, therefore, that most of the substantial send-
ings in the future will not be to fill out old sets, but rather to supply
the library with earlier numbers of comparatively new serials needed
in the work of the Institution. For the staff in taking up new ex-
changes have two aims constantly before them—to serve Smithsonian
scientists and to conserve Smithsonian publications. They also, of
course, do what they can, in cooperation with the offices of onibiier-
tions, no encourage the return of duplicates not wanted by institutions
to wine they have been distributed, that these may be used again
106 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
in the exchange work of the Institution. The success of this coopera-
tive service the past few years has been noteworthy.
GIFTS
‘There were many gifts during the year. The Philosophical Society
of Washington turned ever to the library several thousand copies
of its Bulletin to be used for exchange purposes. The Geophysical
Laboratory presented 838 miscellaneous publications; the American
Association for the Advancement of Science, 525; the American Art
Association, Anderson Galleries, 38 priced catalogs of art objects; and
both the Anthropological Society and the Biological Society of Wash-
ington, a substantial number of journals. The outstanding gift, how-
ever, was a collection, numbering nearly 4,500, mainly on botany,
that had been part of the working library of the late Dr. Frederick
V. Coville, chief botanist of the Department of Agriculture and hon-
orary curator of the division of plants in the National Museum. The
collection was presented by Mrs. Coville.
Among other important gifts were, Ancient Egyptian Paintings,
in three volumes, by Nina M. Davies, with the editorial assistance of
Alan H. Gardiner, from John D. Rockefeller, Jr.; Red-Figured
Athenian Vases in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in two volumes,
by Gisela M. A. Richter, from the Metropolitan Museum; Catalogue
of Hispanic Pottery, by Alice Wilson Frothingham, and Catalogue
of Laces and Embroideries, by Florence Lewis May, in the collection
of the Hispanic Society of America, from the Society; Index Cata-
logue of the Library of the Surgeon General’s Office, fourth series,
volume 1 (two copies), from the Army Medical Library; A Cata-
Jogue of the Collection of Martinware Formed by Frederick John
Nettlefold, together with a Short History of the Firm of R. W.
Martin and Brothers of Southhall, by Charles R. Beard, from Fred-
erick John Nettlefold; Nel Cinquantenario della Societa Edison,
1884-1934, in four volumes, edited by Giacinto Motta, from the ed-
itor; Gregorio Vazquez de Arce y Ceballoz, by Roberto Pizano Res-
trepo, from the Government of Colombia; Georg Wilhelm Steller,
the Pioneer of Alaskan Natural History, by Leonhard Stejneger,
from the author; French Arts and Letters and Other Essays, by
W. Francklyn Paris, from the author; An Essex Index, in four vol-
umes, compiled by Fred J. Brand, from the compiler; Bibliography
and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, volume 2, by
John M. Nickles and Robert B. Miller, and volume 3, by John M.
Nickles, Marie Siegrist, and Eleanor Tatge, from Marie Siegrist;
Oceanic Birds of South America, in two volumes, by Robert C.
Murphy, from the American Museum of Natural History; The Birds
of the Malay Peninsula, volume 8, by Herbert C. Robinson and Fred-
REPORT OF THE SECROTARY 107
erick N. Chasen, from Gertrude Abbott; Proboscidea, volume 1, by
Henry Fairfield Osborn, from the Osborn Library; Fragments of
Entomological History, by Herbert Osborn, from the author; Moss
Flora of North America North of Mexico, volume 1, part 1, by A. J.
‘Grout, from the author; Praktikum der Edelsteinkunde, by Georg
O. Wild, from Alfred N. Goldsmith; and several publications, in-
cluding J. M. W. Turner, by W. L. Wyllie, and the De Luxe Illus-
trated Catalogue of Karly American Portraits Collected by Thomas
B. Clarke, from Theodore Bolton,
Finally, there were gifts from members and associates of the
‘Smithsonian staff, notably Secretary Abbot and Assistant Secretary
Wetmore. Mrs. Charles D. Walcott also gave a large number of
items, including two copies of her recently published Illustrations of
North American Pitcherplants.
SOME STATISTICS
Acczessions to the various libraries:
Approxi-
Pamphlets mate
Volumes a aitchants Total holdin’s
137i)
Astrophysical OSenVaAlOn ye ee ee eee eee se eee 326 95 421 9, 197
‘Bureau of American Ethnology_-_-------.--------------------- PROP a sed Auge 580 51, 000
PiireeraiG alleryiotATt2 2.52228 L [Le eke 629 114 743 12, 674
Hnangley, Aeronautical? . v2 sa lecei ts see ee Be 34 25 59 3, 328
‘National Collection of Fine Arts____.-_---------------------- 402 355 757 5, 784
WNationvalwviuseume peste ls Te sss ee ee 2 eyes 2, 486 951 | 3,437 207, 142
pNahionaleZoologicalebark=--—- 20 l2 Slee. feel eee ee ee 89 10 99 3, 571
pRadiationandeOrganismss ees eee ae ee 4 3 7 245
‘Smithsonian deposit, Library of Congress_-_-...------------- 3, 037 2,006 | 5,043 553, 078
Smitdesomianiofice. 24) yee Py | eee ce oh ce cee. Sel 302 21 323 30, 503
PROTA cae peep ba. os bg age waa seers sso thos tet 7, 889 3, 580 11, 469 1 876, 522
1These holdings do not, of course, include the thousands of volumes still unbound, uncataloged,
vor. incomplete.
‘The number of periodicals entered was 24,212; of publications
cataloged, 6,766; of cards prepared and filed, 28,967; of loans made,
10,995, of which 196 were to libraries outside the Institution and its
branches. From the Library of Congress 1,942 publications were
‘borrowed, and from other libraries, 386.
The index of Smithsonian publications was kept up to date; the
index of exchange relations was advanced; and the union catalog
received considerable attention, as the following table will show:
‘Volumes cataloged___-___--------------------------~------------------ 4, 122
Pamphlets and charts cataloged__—----------------~------------------ 2, 427
New serial entries made ________--__----------_----------------------- 218
Typed cards added to catalog and shelf list-------------------- Ss Re 4, 733
Library of Congress cards added to catalog and shelf list--------__---- 2, 239
108 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
BINDING
More time than usual was spent by the staff in preparing’ periodi--
cals for binding, with the following results: the library of the Na-
tional Museum sent to the bindery 1,846 volumes; the library of the
Bureau of American Ethnology, 1,330; the Smithsonian office li-
brary, 271; the library of the Astrophysical Observatory, 189; the
library of the National Collection of Fine Arts, 113; and the library
of the Freer Gallery of Art, 54. The binding of these 3,803 vol-
umes—or all but 106 of them, which were otherwise provided for—
was made possible by the deficiency appropriation of $12,000 ap-
proved toward the close of 1935. Mention should also be made:
of the fact that an experienced binder, assigned to the National.
Zoological Park under the W. P. A., bound 389 volumes for the h-
brary of the Park and several other libraries of the Smithsonian ;.
and of the further fact that this expert and two other W. P. A.
workers repaired about 500 books, thus extending their period of
usefulness.
OTHER ACTIVITIES
Special attention was given during the year to the libraries of the-
National Collection of Fine Arts and the National Zoological Park..
As a consequence, much progress was made in sorting their accumu--
Jations of miscellaneous material and rendering the publications.
retained available for use. Many items needed in the files were
supplied by the Library of Congress, National Museum, and Smith-
sonian Institution.
The work of the 15 W. P. A. employees assigned to the library
consisted largely of typing letters, copying cards, repairing books,.
putting pamphlets into binders and labeling them appropriately,
preparing, mounting, and filing aeronautical clippings, checking and
sorting publications, shelving duplicates, recording periodicals, and.
assisting with the cataloging.
Smithsonian duplicates were sent, on special exchange, to the Bu-
reau of Mines, Ecuador, and the following colleges and universities *
Brown, Columbia, Franklin and Marshall, Harvard, Pennsylvania,.
Princeton, Rollins, and Yale.
Steps were taken late in the year to provide a third lot of steel
shelving for the technological library. When this is installed, it
will increase materially the shelf space for this important collection
and make possible, it is hoped, the early completion of the reorgani-
zation of the libraries in the Arts and Industries Building begun
some years ago.
The reference and bibliographical work of the various libraries:
of the Institution, which has steadily increased since 1924, reached
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 109
in 1937 a high point of effectiveness, requiring much time from sev-
eral members of the staff and involving service, not only to the
scientists and associates of the Smithsonian and to other Government
employees, but to many inquirers outside of Washington.
NEEDS
The library needs a larger annual allotment for binding, so
that this essential activity may be brought and kept up to date.
There should also be an increase in the funds available for purchas-
ing publications that have a direct bearing on the projects, both
present and prospective, of the scientific staff and cannot be found
in Washington or obtained by exchange. Two other needs should
be considered in due time: more trained catalogers to correct and
revise the catalog of the National Museum library and more shelf
room for its collections.
Respectfully submitted.
Wiriiam L. Corsin, Librarian.
Dr. C. G. Axsor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 10
REPORT ON PUBLICATIONS
Sim: I have the honor to submit. the following report on the
publications of the Smithsonian Institution and the Government
branches under its administrative charge during the year ended
June 30, 1937:
The Institution published during the year 16 papers in the series
of Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 1 annual report, and
pamphlet copies of the 27 articles contained in the report appendix,
and 2 special publications.
The United States National Museum issued 1 annual report, 2
bulletins, and 29 Proceedings. papers.
The Bureau of American Ethnology issued 1 annual report and 1
bulletin.
Of the publications there were distributed 144,817 copies, which
included 70 volumes and separates of the Smithsonian Contribu-
tions to Knowledge, 34,178 volumes and separates of the Smith-
sonian Miscellaneous Collections, 23,906 volumes and separates of
the Smithsonian Annual Reports, 2,220 Smithsonian special publi-
cations, 68,822 volumes and separates of the National Museum
publications, 14,708 publications of the Bureau of American Eth-
nology, 90 publications of the National Gallery of Art, 110 publica-
tions of the Freer Gallery of Art, 24 annals of the Astrophysical
Observatory, 16 reports of the Harriman Alaska Expedition, and
673 reports of the American Historical Association.
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS
Of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, volume 73, there
was issued 1 paper; volume 91, 2 papers; volume 95, 12 papers and
title page and table of contents; and volume 96, 1 paper, making 16
papers in all, as follows:
VOLUME 73
No. 8. Opinions rendered by the International Commission on Zoological
Nomenclature. Opinions 124 to 133. 44 pp. (Publ. 3395.) October 28, 1936.
VOLUME 91
Reports on the collections obtained by the first Johnson-Smithsonian Deep-Sea
Expedition to the Puerto Rican Deep.
110
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 111
No. 25. A new Actinian, by Oskar Carlgren. 4 pp., 3 figs. (Publ. 3401.)
January 30, 1937.
No. 26. New species of mysidacid crustaceans, by Walter M. Tattersall. 18
pp., 10 figs. (Publ. 3413.) May 7, 1937.
VOLUME 95
No. 18. A comparative study of the labium of coleopterous larvae, by W. H.
Anderson. 29 pp., 8 pls. (Publ. 3393.) August 11, 1936.
No. 14. Morphology of the insect abdomen. Part III. The male genitalia
(including arthropods other than insects), by R. E. Snodgrass. 96 pp., 29 figs.
(Publ. 3396.) October 12, 1936.
No. 15. Further evidence on the dependence of terrestrial temperatures on
the variations of solar radiation, by C. G. Abbot. 4 pp., 2 figs. (Publ. 3397.)
August 12, 1986.
No. 16. A seventeenth century letter of Gabriel Diaz Vara Calderén, Bishop:
of Cuba, describing the Indians and Indian missions of Florida, by Lucy L.
Wenhold. 14 pp., 12 pls. (Publ. 3398.) November 20, 1936.
No. 17. A new race of the song sparrow from the Appalachian region, by
Alexander Wetmore. 3 pp. (Publ. 3399.) September 26, 1936.
No. 18. Two original photographic negatives of Abraham Lincoln, by Alex-
ander Wetmore. 2 pp., 4 pls. (Publ. 3400.) October 16, 1936.
No. 19. Cycles in tree-ring widths, by C. G. Abbot. 5 pp., 1 fig. (Publ. 3402.)
December 16, 1936.
No. 20. Inactivation of plant growth substance by light, by Paul R. Burk-
holder and Harl 8. Johnston. 14 pp., 2 pls., 1 fig. (Publ. 3403.) February 5,.
1937.
No. 21. The dependence of carbon dioxide assimilation in a higher plant on
wave length of radiation, by W. H. Hoover. 13 pp., 3 pls., 4 figs. (Publ. 3406.)
February 27, 1937.
No. 22. Third contribution to nomenclature of Cambrian trilobites, by Charles
Elmer Resser. 29 pp. (Publ. 3408.) April 5, 1937.
No. 23. On the corrections to be applied to silver-disk pyrheliometry, by
C. G. Abbot. T pp. (Publ. 3409.) March 10, 1937.
No. 24. Time course of photosynthesis for a higher plant, by E. D. McAlister.
17 pp., 2 pls., 10 figs. (Publ. 3410.) May 4, 19387.
Title page and table of contents. (Publ. 3415.)
VOLUME 96
No. 2. Wave lengths of radiation in the visible spectrum promoting the
germination of light-sensitive lettuce seed, by Lewis H. Flint and E. D.
MeAlister. 8S pp., 1 pl., 2 figs. (Publ. 3414.) June 16, 1957.
SMITHSONIAN ANNUAL REPORTS
Report for 1935—The complete volume of the Annual Report of
the Board of Regents for 1935 was received from the Public Printer
in October 1936.
Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution show-
ing operations, expenditures, and condition of the Institution for the year
ending June 30, 1935. xiv-+580 pp., 95 pls., 89 text figs. (Publ. 3348.)
112 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1987
The appendix contained the following papers:
Weather governed by changes in the sun’s radiation, by C. G. Abbot.
Seasonal weather and its prediction, by Sir Gilbert T. Walker.
The sun’s place among the stars, by Walter S. Adams.
The atmospheres of the planets, by Henry Norris Russell.
The surface features of the moon, by F. E. Wright.
The upper atmosphere, by G. M. B. Dobson, D. Se., F. R. 8.
The nature of the cosmic radiation, by Thomas H. Johnson.
What is electricity? by Paul R. Heyl.
New facts about the nucleus of the atom, by Carl D. Anderson.
The approach to the absolute zero of temperature, by F. Simon, D. Phil.
Discovery and significance of vitamins, by Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins,
-_P. RB. S.
The salinity of irrigation water, by Carl S. Scofield.
Selenium absorption by plants and their resulting toxicity to animals, by
Annie M. Hurd-Karrer. ' ¢
The glacial history of an extinct voleano, Crater Lake National Park, by
Wallace W. Atwood, Jr.
Concretions—freaks in stone, by R. S. Bassler.
Biology and human trends, by Raymond Pearl.
The relation of genetics to physiology and medicine, by Thomas Hunt Morgan.
Conservation of the Pacific halibut, an international experiment, by William F.
“Thompson.
The swallowtail butterflies, by Austin H. Clark.
Those ubiquitous plants called algae, by Florence E. Meier.
The Boulder Canyon project, by Wesley R. Nelson.
Wings over the sea, by Louis Blériot.
The coming of man from Asia in the light of recent discoveries, by AleS
“Hrdliéka.
The antiquity of man in America in the light of archeology, by N. C. Nelson.
A survey of southwestern archeology, by Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr.
Nuzi and the Hurrians: The excavations at Nuzi (Kirkuk, Iraq) and their
‘contribution to our knowledge of the history of the Hurrians, by Robert H.
‘Pfeiffer.
The ruins of Tenampua, Honduras, by Dorothy H. Popenoe.
Report for 1936.—The report of the Secretary, which included the
financial report of the executive committee of the Board of Regents,
and will form part of the annual report of the Board of Regents to
‘Congress, was issued in January 1937.
Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution and financial report of
the executive committee of the Board of Regents for the year ending June 30,
1936. 107 pp., 2 pls. (Publ. 3404.)
The report volume, containing the general appendix, was in press
at the close of the year.
SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS
Explorations and field work of the Smithsonian Institution in
1936. 100 pp., 98 figs. (Publ. 3407.) April 6, 1937.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 113
Statement to the Smithsonian Board of Regents on 10 years of
‘Smithsonian affairs, by Secretary C. G. Abbot. 10 pp. (Publ.
8412.) April 1987.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
The editorial work of the National Museum has continued during
the year under the immediate direction of the editor, Paul H. Oehser.
There were issued 1 annual report, 2 bulletins, 1 volume of the Pro-
‘ceedings, and 29 separates from Proceedings volumes 83 and 84, as
follows:
MUSEUM REPORT
Report on the progress and condition of the United States Na-
tional Museum for the year ended June 30, 1986. 8vo, 1i+115 pp.,
January 14, 1937.
PROCEEDINGS: VOLUME 83
Complete volume:
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Vol. 83, 8vo, viii+617
-pp., 37 pls., 71 figs.
Separates:
No. 2990. A revision of the chaleid flies of the genus Perilampus Latreille
occurring in America north of Mexico. By M. T. Smulyan. Pp. 369-412.
«October 16, 1936.
No. 2991. Pyenogonids from Puget Sound, By Harriet I. Exline. Pp. 413—
422, fig. 33. July 9, 1936.
No. 2992. California Crustacea of the order Cumacea. By Carl Zimmer.
‘Pp. 423-489, figs. 34-39. August 27, 1936.
No. 2993. A comparison of the shallow-water sponges near the Pacific end
of the Panama Canal with those at the Caribbean end. By M. W. deLauben-
fels. Pp. 441-466, figs. 40-45, July 31, 1936.
No. 2994. New species of polychaetous annelids of the family Nereidae from
‘California. By Olga Hartman. Pp. 467-480, figs. 46-53. July 11, 1936.
No. 2995. Four new species of Chalcidoidea parasitic on cactus insects, By
A.B. Gahan. Pp. 481-486. August 7, 1936.
No. 2996. The Tertiary Foraminifera of the genera Operculina and Opercu-
linoides from North America and the West Indies. By T. Wayland Vaughan
-and W. S. Cole. Pp. 487-496, pls. 35-38. October 8, 1936.
No. 2997. Review of the seahorses (Hippocampus) found on the coasts of the
American continents and of Europe. By Isaac Ginsburg. Pp. 497-594, figs.
54-71. January 18, 1937.
Title page, table of contents, and index. Pp. i-viii, 595-617. March 17,
1937.
VOLUME 84
Separates:
No. 2998. Report on the fishes collected by H. C. Raven in Lake Tanganyika
‘in 1920. By George S. Myers. Pp. 1-15, pl. 1. September 24, 1936.
No. 2999. The ichneumon-flies of the genus Brachycyrtus Kriechbaumer. By
R. A. Cushman. Pp. 17-24, figs. 1-4. September 26, 1936.
No. 3000. New cottid fishes from Japan and Bering Sea. By Rolf L. Bolin.
Pp. 25-38, figs. 5-8. October 10, 1936.
114 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
No. 3001. Revision of North American beetles of the staphylinid subfamily ©
Tachyporinae—Part I: Genus Tachyporus Gravenhorst. By Richard EK. Black-
welder. Pp. 39-54. November 17, 1936.
No. 3002. Revision of the fishes of the family Microdesmidae, with descriptions
of a new species. By Earl D. Reid. Pp. 55-72, pl. 2, figs. 9-12. December 10,
1936.
No. 3003. Two new species of hawks from the Miocene of Nebraska. By
Alexander Wetmore. Pp. 73-78, figs. 18, 14. November 3, 1986.
No. 3004. A new North American mason-wasp from Virginia, with notes on
allied forms. By Joseph Bequaert. Pp. 79-87, fig. 15. November 24, 1936.
No. 3005. The nest of Odynerus tempiferus var. macio Bequaert, with notes on
the habits of the wasps. By Austin H. Clark and Grace A. Sandhouse. Pp.
89-95. November 24, 19386.
No. 3006. Crested millipeds of the family Lysiopetalidae in North America,
with descriptions of new genera and species. By H. F. Loomis. Pp. 97-135,
pls. 3, 4, figs. 16-18. May 15, 1937.
No. 3007. Notes on phallostethid fishes. By George 8S. Myers. Pp. 1387-148.
January 6, 1937.
No. 3008. The deep-sea zeomorph fishes of the family Grammicolepidae. By
George S. Myers. Pp. 145-156, pls. 5-7. January 18, 1937.
No. 8009. New North American species of earthworms of the family Megas-
colecidae. By Frank Smith. Pp. 157-181. January 8, 1937.
No. 3010. Observations on the trematode genus Brachycoelium Dujardin. By.
Elon E. Byrd. Pp. 183-199, pls. 8,9. April 7, 1937.
No. 3011. New muscoid flies (Diptera) in the United States National Museum...
By David G. Hall. Pp. 201-216, figs. 19-26. April 6, 1937.
No. 3012. The pupa of Myocera tabanivora Hall (Diptera). By Charles T.
Greene. Pp. 217-218, fig. 27. April 6, 1937.
No. 3013. A new subspecies of the nymphalid butterfly Polygonia faunus. By
Austin H. Clark. Pp. 219-222, pl. 10. April 9, 1937.
No. 3014. A new species of trematode from the mud-eel (Siren lacertina). By
C. Courson Zeliff. Pp. 223-226, pl. 11. May 4, 1937.
No. 3015. Mexican fossil Echini. By Robert Tracy Jackson. Pp. 227-237,
pls. 12-15. June 12, 1937.
No. 3016. Two new beetles of the family Mordellidae from orchids. By
Hugene Ray. Pp. 289-241. April 21, 1937.
No. 3018. A revision of the clapper rails (Rallus longirostris Boddaert). By
Harry C. Oberholser. Pp. 318-354. June 30, 1937.
No. 3020. Synopsis of the Puerto Rican beetles of the genus Mordellistena,
with descriptions of new species. By Eugene Ray. Pp. 389-399, fig. 28. June
26, 1937.
BULLETINS
No, 153, part 2. Birds collected by the Childs Frick expedition to Ethiopia
and Kenya Colony: Passeres. By Herbert Friedmann. xii-+-506 pp., 14 pls., 30°
figs. (colored frontispiece). June 25, 1937.
No. 167. Life histories of North American birds of prey. Part 1: Order
Falconiformes. By Arthur Cleveland Bent. viii+409 pp., 102 pls. May 3, 1937.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
The editorial work of the bureau has continued under the immediate
direction of the editor, Stanley Searles. During the year one annual
report and one bulletin were issued, as follows:
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 115
Fifty-third Annual Report on the Bureau of American Ethnology to the
Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1935-36. 8 pp.
Bulletin 114. Fox miscellany. By Truman Michelson. 124 pp., 9 figs.
REPORT OF THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION
The annual reports of the American Historical Association are
transmitted by the association to the Secretary of the Smithsonian
Institution and are communicated by him to Congress, as provided
by the act of incorporation of the association.
Volume I of the report for 1935 and volume III of the report
for 1931 (Writings on American History, 1932) were issued during
the year. The annual report for 1936, volume I, and Writings on
American History, 1933 and 1934, were in press at the close of the
year.
REPORT OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY, DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN
REVOLUTION
The manuscript of the Thirty-ninth Annual Report of the Na-
tional Society, Daughters of the American Revolution, was trans-
mitted to Congress, in accordance with law, December 3, 1936.
ALLOTMENTS FOR PRINTING
The congressional allotments for the printing of the Smithsonian
Annual Reports to Congress and the various publications of the
Government bureaus under the administration of the Institution
were virtually used up at the close of the year. The appropriation
for the coming year ending June 30, 1938, totals $65,000, allotted as
follows:
Smithsonmianweln stitution ta. 2 22 ee eh ee $12, 500
DNV eaiter 10 2 AUT SS a alee as ee 30, 000
Bureaupot American Hthnology22 2-2) ee 13, 300
International Hxchange Service____-_____----------------_-__------_- 200
Nationally Zoological | Parke 2c ee ee 200
NStrophiysicallmi Observatory. 2220 222 a a ee 400
American Historical Association-__-_-----------_------------_-----_- 8, 000
Nationale C@ollection of Mine Arts-.2----- a 400
Respectfully submitted.
W. P. Trur, Hditor.
Dr. C. G. Axsor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
4. ie isuler yy pet een
Sto mene Ny Ah ae £6
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EVE aig
REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF
THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE SMITH-
SONIAN INSTITUTION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1937
To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution:
Your executive committee respectfully submits the following re-
port in relation to the funds of the Smithsonian Institution, to-
gether with a statement of the appropriations by Congress for the
Government bureaus in the administrative charge of the Institution.
SMITHSONIAN ENDOWMENT FUND
The original bequest of James Smithson was £104,960 8s 6d—
$508,318.46. Refunds of money expended in prosecution of the
claim, freights, insurance, etec., together with payment into the
fund of the sum of £5,015, which had been withheld during the
lifetime of Madame de la Batut, brought the fund to the
EVN @ULTNG CO Be Sa con a ee i rn ne ne MES $550, 000. 00
Since the original bequest the Institution has received gifts from
various sources chiefly in the years prior to 1893, the, income
from which may be used for the general work of the Institution.
To these gifts has been added capital from savings on income,
gain from sale of securities, ete., bringing the total endowment
for general purposes to the amount of___--___________________ 1, 182, 868. 57
~The Institution holds also a number of endowment gifts, the
income of each being restricted to specific use. These are invested
and stand on the books of the Institution as follows:
Arthur, James, fund, income for investigations and study of
Ssunwand lecture-on*the ‘sun s2— === 2 $39, 993. 48.
Bacon, Virginia’ Purdy, fund,’ for a traveling scholarship to
investigate fauna of countries other than the United States___ 50, 101. 00
Baird, Lucy H., fund, for creating a memorial to Secretary Baird_ 13, 489. 06
Barstow, Frederic D., fund, for purchase of animals for the
Zoological Park ~____--_____ NS SN A AEE MAY IU MARBLE Ec a 760. 67
Canfield Collection fund, for increase and care of the Canfield
collection) of smineralst. 36. 1 O00 Te ae eee nese 38, 247. 22
Casey, Thomas L., fund, for maintenance of the Casey collec-
tion and promotion of researches relating to Coleoptera______ 7, 728. 33
Chamberlain, Francis Lea, fund, for increase and promotion of
Isaae Lea collection of gems and mollusks___----_________-__ 28, 160. 59:
Hillyer, Virgil; fund, for increase and care of Virgil Hillyer
collection) of lighting objects s--- = =. sees a ee 6, 572. 25
Hodgkins fund, specific, for increase and diffusion of more exact
knowledge in regard to nature and properties of atmospheric
ss AU UE a ei eg a A) VAI gag AE 100, 000. OC
117
118 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Special Research fund, gift, in form of real estate__________-___-- $20, 946. 00
Hughes, Bruce, fund, to found Hughes alcove_------------____- 15, 150. 12
Myer, Catherine Walden, fund, for purchase of first-class works
of art for the use of, and benefit of, the National Gallery of Art__ 18, 956. 10°
Pell, Cornelia Livingston, fund, for maintenance of Alfred Duane .
Pelli collection# Ue ee 2, 413. 55
Poore, Lucy T., and George W., fund, for general use of the In-
stitution when principal amounts to the sum of $250,000___-_- 67, 717. 14
Reid, Addison T., fund, for founding chair in biology in memory
OE AS re ree Dara Ss eae pe 29, 084. 86
Roebling fund, for care, improvement, and increase of Roebling
Collection of (mineralshei es Vai eC ee 120, 682. 75
Rollins, Miriam and William, fund for investigations in physics
amd). Che mi Str ye a ee ee 52, 902. 67
Springer, Frank, fund, for care, ete., of Springer collection and
TA) 6 yea a a at SR PN OE i SD 17, 932. 90
Walcott, Charles D., and Mary Vaux, research fund, for develop-
ment of geological and paleontological studies and publishing
results thereof s20 3.6 pep eae ee Ee yaa eg weaves 10, 736. 20
Younger, Helen Walcott, fund, held in trust_______--________-___ 50, 112. 50
Zerbee, Frances Brincklé, fund, for endowment of aquaria____~- 761. 08
Total endowment for specific purposes other than Freer
(avo Konig cove) 01 Bann eC ivatM Iee e ee e e 692, 448. 47
The capital funds of the Institution, except tae aaa funds, are
invested as follows:
Fund Wnited Consolidated| Separate Total
Treasury fund fund p
ANS ANDI, IEENOO SS es ey ote a $39, 993. 48 |_.---------- $39, 993. 48
Bacon Wirginiasburdye sess 222222 eae es ener se ees 50} LOTS O0f|2Ek— Sess eee 50, 101. 00
IBAIRG SGU Cys Eee ee eee ee oe |e aee eee 135489506) 13, 489. 06
Barstow, red eric) D ass seen eee ce ee ees (eee eae ee WEO567%C)| = eb eee He 760. 67
GantieldkC ollection a ae ees een eereotaes 38;:24 7223) 20 ee 38, 247. 22
CASEY A OM AS li see ee ee ee | Seana ae MG eS a oo | eae ees 7, 728. 33
@Ghamberlain2] === 52 Fae 2 ees. ee ets eee 28 1CON5Or Bees eee 28, 160. 59
DEV Cae eb oll ee eee ee wees an noenen eee 635725204 | oo ase 6, 572.25
VE a6 ed esa us) OLE L CNY A a pe STOO OOO ee ae Sea een 100, 000. 00
SpeciallResearchi. oop ee ese ee eee 22 a eS Se |e Tee $20, 946. 00 20, 946. 00
1S [ofed aY Ske} BY LO Ker s) ses ap a A ee oo eeeesoos 1 WO ee ese 15, 150. 12
Miyer’t Catherine Wieccoret eitae Sa SS SE oceans 1859567105 eee 18, 956. 10
PeliNConnelialwivingston ss ee eee | eee oes 27413555) [woe tee eee 2, 413.55
Poore, Lucy T., and George W--------------------- 26, 670 CO oales | Seemeer es 67, 717. 14
Reid; Addison T\- 2 225. Seo ae seen. Sea ae 11, 000 13, 584. 86 4, 500. 00 29, 084. 86
Roeblin ge Collection eas ase ee en | Seen eae T2ON68 25:75) | pee eee 120, 682. 75
Rollins!) Miriam and William) 22-202 22 = eee 43, 402. 67 9, 500. 00 52, 902. 67
Smithsonian unrestricted: :
Specigl ee SRR at sea ie eee ea eee ee cee eee atte 1, 400. 00 1, 400. 00
VA VO TI So eS eNO RL ee 14, 000 30, 2oON Oba seeees eee 51, 236. 81
ISCO WIM eT Ge ee ere tee eae Ie a 1935460503) Soeeaee eee 1938, 460. 03
Habel 22 yeaa er es ea HOOK E. TO Ce eed ee 500. 00
iEachtember gas n cae ies OE Ce see ee ee 4° 0215 50))| pete aeeceeeet 4, 021. 50
TEN TRVA GOT ee RB eS SE AES 2, 500 40368 ee ee eee 2, 903. 68
OTT ye I aT a area ee Le Se 1, 209. 42)2 s2ece us 1, 209. 42
odgkinsi(general) 22 shana ek a ee ee 116, 000 SOF223 512 | eee 146, 223. 12
1 BEN (GH 5 fe SLT SSA a rt 727, 640 T2203 783) sere 728, 860. 78
TUTE es a IES Cs oes eran SNe on eI RR 590 473KOT) ese Pes 1, 063. 07
Sanford yee eae SR a RE Re 1, 100 S90F IG ease eee 1, 990. 16
Fea mabayeg sy es yee as EE ARR SERN UO a i eae 175982: 90; |Phehots. Bes 17, 932. 90
Walcott, CharlesiD wand Niary Vaux ee eee eee LON (36s 20 yl eee eee 10, 736. 20
Younger; Helen Walcott: 2m se | ee ne Se = ee 50, 112. 50 50, 112. 50
Zerbeehran ces Brink Cates eee ee nn ee ene ee TETAS | tae eae 761. 08
Total! iiglaivtch, Svea eee ide hil 1,000,000 | 738, 858.54 | 86,458.50 | 1,825, 317. 04
REPORT OF PXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 119
FREER GALLERY OF ART FUND
Early in 1906, by deed of gift, Charles L. Freer, of Detroit, gave
to the Institution his collection of Chinese and other oriental objects
of art, as well as paintings, etchings, and other works of art by
Whistler, Thayer, Dewing, and other artists. Later he also gave
funds for the construction of a building to house the collection, and
finally, in his will, probated November 6, 1919, he provided stock and
securities to the estimated value of $1,958,591.42 as an endowment
fund for the operation of the gallery. From the above date to the
present time these funds have been increased by stock dividends,
savings of income, etc., to a total of $4,881,986.96. In view of the
importance and special nature of the gift and the requirements of
the testator in respect to it, all Freer funds are kept separate from
the other funds of the Institution, and the accounting in Besiece to
them is stated separately.
The invested funds of the Freer bequest are classified as follows:
© Opn ryt cD CLS OUT TLS fica he a _. $546, 932.11
Court and grounds maintenance fund__________-_-_____________ 137, 506. 17
UTS AN Tepes UIT Cleese reer eee ee ATS i he 556, 567. 59
esiduanys levacys ose a ee SI sls Boao sah oig eae eae 3, 640, 981. 09
GING EPS A ele SY atte Ee Bene. Hfoe areal Tes 4, 881, 986. 96
SUMMARY
Invested endowment for general purposes______________-_______ $1, 182, 868. 57
Invested endowment for specific purposes other than Freer
endowments ya 2 Pee EUS SNA Igo AVS oat ar NC LWA Ls Sh 692, 448. 47
Total invested endowment other than Freer endowment__ 1, 825, 317. 04
Freer invested endowment for specific purposes___——----__-__ 4, 881, 986. 96
Total invested endowment for all purposes________-_____ 6, 707, 304. 00
CLASSIFICATION OF INVESTMENTS
Deposited in the U. S. Treasury at 6 percent per annum, as
authorized in the United States Revised Statutes, sec. 5591__ $1, 000, 000. 00
Investments other than Freer endowment (cost or
market value at date acquired) :
Bonds (19 different groups) —~--------__------- $300, 367. 31
Stocks (41 different groups) —--------~-_ __ 474,721.18
Real estate and first-mortgage notes_______-__-~_ 41, 746. 00
Wninvested capital. = 8, 482. 55
825, 317. 04
Total investments other than Freer endowment________ 1, 825, 317. 04
22606-—37—9
120 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Investments of Freer endowment (cost or market
value at date acquired) :
Bonds (44 different groups) —--------------- $2, 379, 555. 938
Stocks (54 different groups) —--------------- 2, 449, 697. 40
Real estate first-mortgage notes_______--___ 24, 500. 00
Wminvestedicapitale= ea 28, 233. 63
$4, 881, 986. 96
Total investments_____-_-__-__ BSA ia'e A eee EEN 6, 707, 304. 00
CASH BALANCES, RECEIPTS, AND DISBURSEMENTS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR 4
Cash balance on hand June 30, 1936_----------_------_______- $222, 452. 43
Receipts:
Cash income from various sources for general
work of the Institution==2-— $72, 439. 29
Cash gifts and contributions expendable for
special scientific objects (not to be invested) 33, 440. 45
Cash gifts for special scientific work (to be in-
VieSCC Cl) ess te eae cease cane cael) | deli BY eae he 105. 00
Cash income from endowments for specific use
other than Freer endowment and from miscel-
laneous sources (including refund of tempo-
TSEDISY i EV CLIVE TAGS) Ip soca eee 64, 517. 29
Cash received as royalties from Smithsonian Sci-
entifie Series: 20 2 iT eg 40, 793. 33
Cash capital from sale, call of securities, ete. (to
OL GOTMVES ECC) pai a a a 52, 674. 65
Total receipts other than Freer endowment___-________ 263, 970. 01
Cash receipts from Freer endowment, income
PE OMMUPLINVES ELE TES © Cae ee rea en oe en eo $280, 969. 53
Cash capital from sale, call of securities, etc. (to
HEME IMVESTCC) jee eee ey ae se a 754, 715. 98
Total receipts from Freer endowment____-----------___ 1, 035, 685. 51
y 11 a 2] Re eneeeaa un erp see ete sorte) BSS AMON CAC MN EAE A ee 1, 522, 107. 95
Disbursements :
From funds for general work of the Institution:
Buildings, care, repairs, and alterations__-__~ $4, 717. 66
Murniture: and fixtures 2222) eee 570. 51
General ‘administration 222202 oe ae 28, 464. 76
MSD Tee yess Ie ERR A PIE 2,101. 26
Publications (comprising preparation, print-
INS) ANG! CISC DUtLOM) ae 14, 639. 95
Researches and explorations______-______-~__~- 27, 254. 20
International Wxchanges—-______-__-________ 3, 263. 08
81, 011. 42
1This statement does not include Government appropriations under the administrative
charge of the Institution.
2 This includes salary of the Secretary and certain others.
REPORT OF HXECUTIVE COMMITTER 121
Disbursements—Continued.
From funds for specific use, other than Freer en-
dowment:
Investments made from gifts, from gain from
sale, etc., of securities and from savings on
TCO MC ae ee ak Do ek $26, 168. 15
Other expenditures, consisting largely of re-
search work, travel, increase and care of
special collections, etc., from income of en-
dowment funds and from cash gifts for
specific use (including temporary ad-
VANCES) 2 Paes Bae ee EE SLO © 78, 947. 71
Reinvestment of cash capital from sale, call
Of, Securities) eles ae ios ae Sa ees 44, 383. 42
Cost of handling securities, fee of investment
counsel, and accrued interest on bonds pur-
(COE VSS tea eS lH NE 2, O79. 24
Ol
iw)
$151, 578.
=I
Ol
From Freer endowment:
Operating expenses of the gallery, salaries,
field expenses, ete_________-_--__-----_--- 49, 422.18
Purchase of art objects____-___-_____________ 141, 942. 96
Investments made from gain from sale, etc.,
GEV SCCUTTTES AENEAN tae Sa Tf 230, 665. 78
Reinvestment of cash capital from sale, call
of; LSecurities, * ete eeu Leo wilh seh piso 490, 327. 70
Cost of handling securities, fee of investment
counsel, and accrued interest on bonds pur-
EXOT E 0 LS 8 yes eo ete ph aE 9 RN 22, 864. 69
935, 223.31 \
Cashwoalance: dune oO) 193i 222 = SS ee Se ee 354, 294. 70
ERG Gaile tai ete SS Oe SS Se EE ES 1, 522, 107. 95
EXPENDITURES FOR RESEARCHES IN PURE SCIENCE, PUBLICATIONS, EXPLORA-
TIONS, CARE, INCREASE, AND STUDY OF COLLECTIONS, ETC.
i
Expenditures from general funds of the Institution:
eR NCA ons ee tals oe a ee $17, 090. 34
Researches and explorations_____-__-____-__--=--_ 27, 254. 20
$44, 344. 54
HWxpenditures from funds devoted to specific purposes:
Researches and explorations___________---___-_--_- 49, 757. 28
Care, increase, and study of special collections____-- 10, 787. 39
A EADY GS BL See, ErCOy S geI I e 5, 606. 02
————— 66, 150. 69
otal eet Dae ewmbee E alla eer Seedy sels chen alee eee 110, 495. 23
banks such revenues as may be spared temporarily has been con-
tinued during the past year, and interest on these deposits has
amounted to $1,249.26.
122 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
The Institution gratefully acknowledges guile or ediieois from
the following:
Dr. William L. Abbott, portion of bequest left to the Smithsonian Institution.
Friends of Dr. Albert S. Hitchcock, for. establishment and care of a library
in his name.
Edith C. Long, bequest for care of collection of laces, ete., presented to the
Institution. ;
Mr. John A. Roebling, further contributions for researches in radiation.
Mrs. Mary Vaux Walcott, for certain publications and purchase of specimens.
Research Corporation, further contributions for researches in radiation.
The Garden Club of America, the Amateur Gardener’s Club of Baltimore,
the Herb Society of America, and others, for the publishing of the Badianus
Manuscript.
All payments are made by check, signed by the Secretary of the
Institution on the Treasurer of the United States, and all revenues are
deposited to the credit of the same account. In many instances
deposits are placed in bank for convenience of collection and later are
withdrawn in round amounts and deposited in the Treasury.
The foregoing report relates only to the private funds of the
Institution.
The following annual appropriations were made by, Congress
for the Government bureaus under the administrative charge of the
Smithsonian Institution for the fiscal year 1987:
Salaries: Fam di SxSW Ses ee wh eal A ATE ee AIBN cI $36, 330
Greys ep ae Hpi Kay awed Lins Pb: ove aM exes) eS DON AR ea A 44, 260
American Ethnology____- CE PCN NaS ES EY aly 58, 730
IAStrophysicaly Observatory se. 22 me nS Ee eh ee 30, 850
National Museum:
MMaintenancesand operation=— 022 eee $134, 390
iPreservationwor collectionges=] 22a ae ee 604, 580
— 738, 970
National’Galery of LARGE HOUNDS i WE BOA BOW ~~ 34, 275
Printing ‘ang ybind ime. 7 yee sea eee ee ee Sey 55, 500!
National:Zoologicalw Parkes. 202200 ei a eee 225, 000
FESO ETA OOO RE iO EB a eR 1, 223, 915
The expositions at Cleveland, Ohio, and Dallas, Tex., were con-
tinued from last year and the following allotments made for par-
ticipation therein by the Smithsonian Institution :
Great Lakes ‘Hxposition. 19387 and 193s 2 Se Gite DES eee $350 °
Greater Texas and Pan American Exposition_______________ Cue Lee 5, 000
An allotment of $500 was also made to enable the Smithsonian
Institution to place an exhibit in the International Exposition held
in Paris, France. iH OO
1Name changed to National Collection of Fine Arts by Public Res. 14, 75th Cong., Ist
sess., approved Mar. 24, 1937.
REPORT OF EXECUTIVE*COMMITTEE 123
The report of the audit of the Smithsonian private funds is printed
below:
AUGUST 27, 1987.
HXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, BOARD OF REGENTS,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.
Stirs: Pursuant to agreement we have audited the accounts of the Smith-
sonian Institution for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937, and certify the bal-
ance of cash on hand, including petty cash fund, June 30, 1937, to be $356,194.70.
We have verified the record of receipts and disbursements maintained by the
Institution and the agreement of the book balances with the bank balances.
We have examined all the securities in the custody of the Institution and in
the custody of the banks and found them to agree with the book records.
We have compared the stated income of such securities with the receipts of
record and found them in agreement therewith.
We have examined all vouchers covering disbursements for account of the
Institution during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937, together with the author-
ity therefor, and have compared them with the Institution’s record of expendi-
tures and found them to agree.
We have examined and verified the accounts of the Institution with each
trust fund. é
We found the books of account and records well and accurately kept and the
securities conveniently filed and securely cared for.
All information requested by your auditors was promptly and courteously
furnished.
We certify the balance sheet, in our opinion, correctly presents the financial
condition of the Institution as at June 30, 1937.
Respectfully submitted.
WILLIAM LL. YAEGER & Co.,
WILLIAM L. YAEGER,
Certified Public Accountant.
Respectfully submitted.
Frepertc A. DELANO,
R. Watton Moore,
JoHN C. Merriam,
Executive Committee.
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