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EGIE UNITEI KINGDOM TRUST
REP\?irr ON
BUG BATHS / ND WASH-HpUSES
IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
GENERAL REPORT
STATISTICS
LEGISLATION
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, OPEN AIR BATMS
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THE
CARNEGIE UNITED KINGDOM TRUST
REPORT ON
PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
BY
AGNES CAMPBELL, B.A.
(
EDINBURUH
FEINTED AT THE UNIVERSITY PEESS BY
T. AND A. CONSTABLE
PRINTERS TO HIS MAJESTY \
1918
PREFATORY NOTE
The Carnegie United Kingdom Trust Deed contains the specific
recommendation that the Trustees should consider the propriety
of providmg or of aiduig in the providing of Public Baths. This
Clause m the Trust Deed made it imperative, in the opinion of the
Trustees, that a comprehensive inquiry should be made into the whole
subject of Public Baths and Wash-houses. An inquiry of the kind
has not been undertaken since the early years of the movement ; and,
for the information of the general public and of the authorities directly
concerned, as well as for the information of the Trustees, a complete
review of the facts and problems mvolved cannot fail to be of interest
and importance.
The report which is now presented sets out the present Baths, and
Wash-house provision, the use made of the f aciUties provided, the finance
of such undertakings, and a discussion of the factors which bear upon
the subject generally.
The report has been compiled in the office of the Trust under the
direction of IVIiss Agnes Campbell, and is pubhshed before the Trustees
have had an adequate opportimity of considering its contents. Any
policy of grant aid towards the erection of Pubhc Baths would inevit-
ably be a costly one, and is not within the contemplation of the
Trustees. Municipalities and other bodies concerned must not assume
from the pubhcation of this Report that more is intended than the
presentation of the facts of the position for their information.
In pubhshing the report, the Trustees desire to express their in-
debtedness to local authorities, voluntary organisations and numerous
persons interested in the subject generally, who have placed at the dis-
posal of the Trust the data on which the survey has been completed.
Local authorities at the time the requests for mformation were made
lool^
IV ' ■
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
were labouring under the greatest disabilities owing to pressure of work
and shortage of staff. Co-operation m the matter necessarily involved
a more serious question than would normally have been the case.
The Trustees hope, however, that the mformation now made available
will be some recompense for the labour entailed on the part of local
authorities.
U • /• ,/M5^p^
Secretary, Carnegie United Kingdom Trust.
January 1918.
FOREWORD
Social research is always of a somewhat laborious nature, and owing
to war-conditions the difficulties encountered in ihe course of this inquiry
have been considerable. I am under a heavy obligation to Local Autho-
rities, who not only furnished rbturns, but actively co-operated in obtain-
ing additional information. Under the circumstances, however, I felt
it would be unreasonable to ask for further criticism of the Appendices
collated from the returns received, although in normal times such
criticism would have been invited before pubUcation.
The plan adopted in the report has been as foUows. A general
survey has first been made, and the history of the movement, legislation,
and various aspects of the problems under consideration, are dealt with
briefly. A more detailed treatment of the several questions involved,
private baths {i.e. those for individual use), wash-houses, swimming
baths and school baths, is reserved for Sections II.-VI., where the
problems connected with each are set out at length and suggestions
made in regard to their solution. This consideration is followed by a
general survey of construction, administration and finance. The last
section of the- report deals very briefly with certain broad principles
relative to the whole subject, the particulars in regard to which have
been dealt with in the previous Sections.
The help given me in the preparation of this report has been derived
from so many sources that it is impossible to acknowledge it individually
as I should desire. I should like, however, to record my gratitude to
Mr. A. L. Hetherington, Secretary to the Carnegie United Kingdom
Trustees, for much valuable suggestion and criticism, to Miss I. G.
Powell, B.A., on whom devolved much of that detailed scrutiny
which is essential in work of the kind, to my special assistants, and to
the staff of the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust for their wilhngness to
do what lay in their power to further the work. The report is in no
sense the work of an individual, but the restdt of combined effort on
the part of the office as a whole. I should hke, moreover, to acknow-
ledge the help received from the Bureau of Labor, Washington, U.S.A.,
and the Borough of Manhattan, in addition to heads of firms and private
individuals who had interested themselves in baths problems in America.
Much valuable help has been given by the authors of the reports on
Child WeKare, recently pubhshed by the Trustees, and also by the
VI
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Charity Organisation Society, the heads of settlements and other social
workers, including school teachers. I should like again to thank those
Local Authorities who gave me every facihty for seeing the work they
are doing and supphed me with the illustrations for this report.
I owe much to Modern Baths and Bath-houses, by W. Paul Ger-
hard t, C.E., which contams an excellent bibliography, to Public Baths
and Wash-houses by A. W. S. Cross, M.A., F.R.I.B.A., and to a great
number of reports and writings on special aspects of the subject.
Li conclusion, I can only hope that the outcome of the report may
be of a sufficiently practical nature to justify its pubUcation at the
present time.
AGNES CAMPBELL.
December 1917.
CONTENTS
SECTION I
General Aspects of the Problem
Introductory .....
History of the Baths and Wash-house ^Movement
Growtli of the Movement in Modern Times
Present Distribution of Public Baths and Wash-houses
SECTION II
Private Baths ........
The Provision of Baths in Relation to Housing ....
The ProvisioTi and Use made of Private Baths in Public Bath Establishment!
throughout the Country ......
Reply to Current Objections ......
Cottage Baths : 'I'heir Provision, Advantages, and Cost
Spray Baths ........
Baths for Factory Workers and Jliners .....
General Conclusions .......
15
15
20
37
39
41
43
44
SECTION III
Public Wash-houses ......
Present Provision for Household Washing and Drying
The Public Wash-house ...
The Distribution of Public Wash-houses in the United Kingdom
Advantages and Drawbacks .....
General Conclusions .....
45
45
46
47
50
52
SECTION IV
Baths as a Means of Recreation and for the Practice of
throughout the
Swimming Baths,
The Value of Swimming
Life-saving .
The Present Provision and Use made of Covered Swimming Baths
Country .....
First and Second Class Baths
The Winter Use of Swimming Baths
The Distribution of Open-air Baths .
The Use made of them
The Work of Swimming Clubs and Associations
-VDnKNDA : Regulations for Mixed Bathing, Manchestei
54
54
55
64
66
67
69
69
70
SECTION V
Bathing foe School Children ......
The Training of Children an Essential Part of Schemes for Social Betterment
The Value of Swimming as a ]\Ieans of Education and Recreation
Discussion of the Relative Advantages and Drawbacks of School antl Public Swim
ming Baths . . _ .
72
72
75
Vlll
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Schools Swimming Associations and Holiday Bathing ....
Cleanliness for Boys and Girls .......
The Results obtained from the Installation of S])ray Baths in School
Attitudes of the Boards of Education ......
Suggestions for Ensuring the Success of School liaths and Cleanliness among School
Children .........
Addenda : Showing (1) Cheap Facilities for Boys and Girls in Liverpool and the
Advantf^e taken of them ; (2) Specimens of Forms issued in regard to the
Bathing of School Children .......
PAGE
77
78
79
82
83
85
SECTION VI
Cleansing and Disinfecting ........ 93
The Necessity for Cleansing Schemes ...... 93
Addenda : A Scheme for Cleansing Verminous School Children (Aberdeen) . 94
SECTION VII
The Sanit.\tion of Swimming Ponds ...... 97
Sources of Contamination ; Preventive and Kemedial Measures . .97
Infections incurred through Bathing ...... 99
Water Sterilisation ...... . . 99
Recent Attempts at Purification . ■ • . .102
Algal Pollution . . . . . . . .103
Summary and Note on Recent Publications . . . . .104
SECTION VIII
Notes in Regard to Baths Construction and Staff .... 106
SECTION IX
Finance . • • • ■ 110
Arrangement adopted • • • .110
Analysis of Income and Expenditure, and Capital Cost . .111
Percentage of Expenditure borne by Swimmers, Private Bathers, and Washers
respectively . . . • ■ .116
Cost per Bather . . . .120
Tables to illustrate the Position in Uiii'erent 'l"ypes of Establishment . . 1 22
SECTION X
General Conclusions
133
NOTES ON APPENDICES I, II, .vnd HI. . i
APPENDIX I. — Detailed Statistics of Public Baths and Wash-houses in the
United Kingdo.m ......... 1
APPENDIX 11. — Places with Minor Facilitiks oi: from which no Information
HAS BEEN OBTAINED . . . . . . 242
APPENDIX III. — School Baths in the United Kingdom .... 243
APPENDIX IV. — Text of Legislation in regard to Public Baths and Wash-
houses .......... 245
LIST OF MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS
MAPS
Map I. To illustrate the Distribution of Public Baths throughout the
UxiTED Kingdom in relation to Density of Population . Frontispiece
Insets in Map I. —
(a) Enlargement of Lancashire and Yorkshire Industrial Area „
(b) Enlargement of London District . . . . • ,,
(t) ilAP OF the Metropolitan Boroughs to show distribution and
nature of Baths and Wash-house Establishments . . „
TO FACE fAUE
Map IL To illustrate the Distribution of Wash-house Establishments
throughout the United Kingdom ..... 49
Map IIL To illustrate the Distribution of Open Air Baths throughout
the United Kingdom in relation to Temperature
67
ILLUSTRATIONS
The New Swimming Baths', Dunfermline . . . . .
Diagram L to illustrate activity in Baths and Wash-houses building in
the United Kingdom, 1842-1915 ......
Diagram IL to illustrate increase in number of Bath Establishments in
England, 1845-1915 ........
CoREiDOR, Private Baths, Burnley ......
Interior of Private Bathroom, Lower Dartmouth Street Cottage Baths,
Birmingham .......
Exterior of Lower Dartmouth Street Cottage Baths, Birmingham
Interior of Lower Dartmouth Street Cottage Baths, Birmingham
Plan of Harpur's Shower and Small Slipper Bath, Cardiff
Simon Square Wash-houses, Edinburgh
Interior — Simon Square Wash-houses, Edinburgh
Interior — Garngad Wash-houses, Glasgow
Men's Open-air Swimming Bath, King's ^Ieadow, Reading
h
TO FACE PAGE
1
6
15
29
38
39
40
46
47
47
54
X
KEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TO FACE PAOF.
Boys Bathing, Kent Street, Birmingham ..... 55
Men's Bathing Place in the Coley area, Reading .... 68
Opbn-air Savimming Bath for Women and Girls, King's Meadow, Reading . 69
Children's Open-air Swimming Bath, Liverpool .... 72
Open-air Bath, Liverpool ........ 72
Boys Bathing, Birmingham . . . . . . 73
Wash BATHS for School Children, Public Bath.s, Burnlf.y . '■ . . 78
ORDER OF PRINCIPAL TABLES
Table I. Showing accommodation and number of Bathers over a period of 14 years in
Glasgow, Sheffield, Bradford, Newcastle, and Islington .... 6
Table II A. Showing Public Baths and Wash-house provision, etc., in towns with a popu-
lation of over 200,000 9
Table II B. Showing Public Baths and Wash-house provision, etc., in towns with a popu-
lation of 100,000-200,000 10
Table II C. Showing Baths and Wash-house provision, etc., in typical towns with a popu-
lation of 50,000-100,000 . . . 11
TablB II D. Showing Baths and Wash-house provision, etc., in typical towns with a popu-
lation of 20,000-50,000 12
Table II E. Showing Baths and Wash-house provision, etc., in typical places with a popu-
lation of below 20,000 13
Table III A. i^howing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Establishments, and the
use made of them in 17 London Metropolitan Boroughs .... 21
Table III B. Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Establishments, and the
use made of them in 15 English towns with a population of over 200,000 . 22
Table III C. Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal EstabUshments and the use
made of them in 22 English towns with a population of 100,000-200,000 . 23
Table III D. Showing the number of Private Baths, in Municipal Establisliments and
the use made of them in 23 English towns with a population of 50,000-
100,000 24
Table III E. Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Establishments and the
use made of them in 36 English towns with a population of 20,000-50,000 . 25
Table III F. Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Establishments and the
use made of them in 25 English towns with a population of below 20,000 . 26
Table III G. Showing the number of Private Baths in Public Baths EstabUshments and the
use made of them in 14 Scottish Burghs ....... 27
Table III H. Showing the number of Private Baths in Public Baths Establishments and
the use made of them in Dublin and Belfast ...... 27
Table IV. To show the scale of Fees adopted in certain towns ; the tise made of tlio
several classes ; and the income derived from each ..... 30-33
Taule V. Showing the use of Private Baths by Men and Women respectively in Estab-
lishments in which the same baths are used by both ..... 34-35
Table VI. Showing the use made and the running cost of Establishments for Private
Baths only ........... 40
Table VII. Showing comparative use of Slipper and Spray Baths ..... 42
Table VllI A. Showing the provision of PubUc Wash-house Accommodation in London
Metropolitan Boroughs and the use made of it . . . . . . 48
Table VIII B. Showing the provision of Public Wash-house Accouimodation in English
Provincial towns and the use made of it . . . . . .49
Table IX A. Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use imidc of tln'in
in 18 Metropolitan Boroughs ........ 57
Table IX B. Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them in
towns with a population of over 200,000 ...... 57
Table IX C. Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them
in 21 towns with a population of 100,000-200,000 58
Table IX D. Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them
in 19 towns with a population of 50,000-100,000 59
T.iBLK IX K. Show ing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them
in 29 towns with a population of 20.(X)0-50,000 t>0
Table IX F. Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of theui
in 20 towns with a population of below 20,000 ..... ''I
xu
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Tadm
IX G.
Table
IX H.
Table
X.
Table
XI A.
Table
XI B.
Table
XII.
Table
XITT.
Table
XIV.
Table
XV A
Table
XV B
Table
XV C
Table
XV D.
Table
XVI A
Table
X^'I B
Table XVI C.
Table XVI D.
Table
Table
Table
XVI E.
XVII A.
XVII B,
Showing the provision of Piiblic Swimming Baths and tho use made of them
in 13 Scottish Burghs 62
Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them
in Belfast and Dublin 62
Showing the use made of Covered Swimming Baths in Winter in 16 Metro-
politan Boroughs and in 58 English towns of over 50,000 inhabitants . . 65
Showing the provision of Open-Air .Swimming Baths and the use made of
them in certain of the great towns ........ 67
Showing the provision of Opcn-Air Swimming Baths and the use made of
them in 39 towns possessing no other facilities under public management . 68
To illustrate the use of Public Swimming Baths by Elementary School
Children sent from School in Classes ....... 74
Showing Establishments where systematic Water Purification has been adopted,
with comments made by the Local Authority on the results obtained . 102-103
To indicate the Capital Cost. Building, and Site of Bath Establishments 115-116
Showing the percentage of Total Expenditure borne by Swimmers and
Private Bathers in certain Establishments ...... 117
Showing the percentage of Total Expenditure borne by Swimmer.'^, Private
Bathers, and Washers in certain Establishments ..... 117
Showing the percentage of Total Expenditure borne by Private Bathers and
Washers in Establishments without Swimming Baths . . . .118
.Showing the p(-rcentage of Total Expenditure borne by Swimmers, Private
Bathers, and the users of Turkish or Vapour Baths . . . .119
Showing Financial Position in Estabhshments for Private Bathers only . 122-123
Showing Finanoial Position in Estabhshments containing 1 Covered Swim-
ming Bath and 10 or fewer Private Baths in towns with 1 Establishment
only 124-125
Showing Financial Position in Establishments containing 1 covered Swim-
ming Bath and over 10 Private Baths in towns with 1 Establishment
only 124-125
Showing Financial Position in Establishments containing 1 covered Swim-
ming Bath and over 10 Private Baths in towns with more than 1 Covered
Establishment 126-127
Showing Financial Position in Establishments containing 2 Swimming
Baths in towns with 1 Establishment only ..... 128-129
To indicate the cost of Open-Air Swimming Baths and the use made of them
in 8 towns which also possess Covered Bath Establishments . . .130
Showing cost of Open-Air Bathing Faoihties and the use made of them in 17
places which possess no Covered Swimming Baths . . . . ■ 131
SUBSIDIARY TABLES
London— L,C.C. Returns, 1913-1914 9
Table showing Bathing F.icilities and the use made of them on six estates under the control of
the Peabody Donation Fund— 1915-1916 19
Table showing the increase in the use of Private Baths in the Administrative County of London
from figures in London Statistics, vol. xxv. . . ....... 36
Table showing th > increase in the total number of Private Baths taken in Municipal Establish-
ments in Bradford over a period of 10 years ......... 36
Table to illustrate the numbi'i- of Juvenile Swimmers in certain towns ..... 55
To illustrate School Baths Finance ........... 78
To illustrate u.se made by children in Liverpool of Public Swimming Baths .... 86
To illustrate elTi^ct of Rents and Loan Charges on finance of Establishments comparable in size 112
Showing variation in Expenditure in Five Establishments, each containing accommodation for
27 or 28 Private Bathers 114
g
SECTION I
GENERAL ASPECTS OP THE PROBLEM
The question of Public Baths and Wash-houses can be justly considered only in Difilculties of
relation to the whole problem of how best to ensure conditions which may make ^^■''I'aiiiing
■^ •' cleanliness
it possible for every member of the community to lead a self-respecting hfe. The under
material factors most inimical to such a life are overcrowding;, neglected disease, '"ooerncon-
and dirt, all three not necessarily results of poverty, but concomitants just in so
far as they are tolerated by the community at large. I once heard a miner
remark, " There 's plenty air and plenty water, but they "re baith hard to come
by " ; in such " hardness " lies the real sting of modern poverty.
The close relation which exists between adequate space, health, and cleanU-
ness, may be illustrated by considering briefly the difficulties of maintaining
cleanliness wherever men congregate in cities, and the results of failure to cope
with such difficulties. In order to be clean a man must get rid of the waste due
to his own activity which will otherwise accumulate on his person and render
him objectionable to others, and he must also rid himseK of the dust and
extraneous matter which soil liim : hence the necessity for washing ^Jerson and
clothes at more or less frequent intervals. In an industrial town not only are
there many " dirty " trades, but smoke blackens his person, his clothes, and his
home, and such dirt can only be removed where there is abundance of hot water,
which means money and labour. Further, as the space allotted hmi for a home
is usuallj' bounded by four walls, the clothes must be dried in kitchen or passage
or hung out where the smoke from neighbouring chimneys blackens them anew.
Bathing demands privacy, and — especially where space and hot water are limited —
time ; overcrowding increases the difficulty with regard to the former ; and the
multiple attractions of town life coupled with hard work offer a strong temptation
to scamp personal duties. Any one who has lived and worked under these con-
ditions knows something of the struggle involved in keeping clean.
If the difficulties resulting from the smoke nuisance and inadequate housing
are considerable, failure to overcome them entails consequences serious alike for
the individual and the community. Where people are in close proximity, careless-
ness over personal duties may lead to infection in the form of vermin and skin
disease, and the infected person becomes in turn a source of contamination to
others. In a recent report on the school children in a poor locality of one of our
large towns, 33 per cent, suffered from body vermin. Moreover where there is
lack of cleanliness the atmosphere becomes polluted in proportion as numbers
increase and space decreases. One dirty child in a field does not materially affect
its surroundings, but forty dirty children in a class-room, or even a respectably
clean crowd at a public meeting, may cau.se conditions which lower vitality,
A
REPOET ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Necessity
for a more
widespread
appreciation
of the factors
making for
health.
The place of
bathing in
the older
civilisations.
The Middle
Ages.
Revival of
public bath-
ing in recent
times.
and exact a heavy toll in health from all who are continuously subjected to
them.
In addition to a consideration of the above facts, we must also keep in mind
tliat in a great part of the nation the desire for physical fitness is dormant. A
desire of this kind is largely a matter of ideals, and whereas it may be difficult
or impossible to awaken it in adults, boys and girls will respond readily to efforts
made in this dnection, even where home conditions are most adverse. Pioneer
work on the part of employers of labour, voluntary associations, and many school
teachers goes far to prove this : it is being increasuagly recognised that education
should mean " learning to live " and that the practice of aU that makes for health
must form a part of such leanung. In this connection no less an authority than
Dr. Stanley HaU maintains that for boys and girls " too much can hardly be said
in favour of cold baths and swimming. . . . Happily, city officials, teachers, and
sanitarians are now slowly realismg the great improvement in health and temper
that comes from bathing."
History or the Baths and Wash-houses Movement
Wliat modern authorities are " now slowly reahsing " was common know-
ledge in older civilisations. As is weU known, the Jews had an elaborate code
deahng with cleanliness, and long before the Christian era the Greeks were
instaUing hot baths in their houses and building cheap pubhc baths with swim-
ming pools for the use of their citizens. Bath biiilding probably reached its
a]iotheosis under the Romans ; it is interesting to notice that the decline of the
bathing habit among them has been attributed to abuses following on " mixed
bathing."
In the long period which elapsed between the break-up of the Roman Empu'e
and the Reformation, leaders of thouglit deprecated the care of the body rather
than insisted upon it : hence it is not surprising that bathing played but a small
part in the life of the people. After the Crusades the practice was revived to a
certain extent, in imitation of Eastern nations with whom bathing was habitual.
Bath-houses were estabhshed in cities, but here again abuses crept in. As there
was no sanitary science to insist on the connection between dirt and disease, and
to plead for better regulation of such places rather than for their extinction, they
were finally aboUshed. The provision of bathing facihties for the people sank
once more into oblivion, broken only by isolated efforts sucli as the estabhshment in
London of the Duke of York's Bagnio towards the end of the seventeenth century.
In the eighteenth century the city of Bath became'one of the most fashion-
able resorts in Europe. The practice of medicinal bathing spread to other places
which possessed springs, e.g. Ripon estabhshed batlis in 1782 and Leamington in
1814. Although such centres differed widely from modern " baths " they
famiharised the idea of pubhc estabhshments for bathing.
The Industrial Revolution brought in its train a series of results altogether
unforeseen at its outset ; among these, overcrowding and the dirt due to dust and
the smolce nuisance, created unprecedented conditions which made a new move-
ment in favoiu' of cleansing facilities inevitable.
GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
The idea of providing cheap wash-houses for the poorest classes originated Efforts to
towards the end of the eighteenth century witli a Liverpool labourer's wife, Kitty f""".^®
Wilkinson. Filled with sympathy for those worse off than herself, she lent her the labouring
copper for laundiy work and her back-yard for di-ying, and m so doing laid the classes,
foundations of the fii'st public wash-house. A provident society recognised the
vahie of the work thus initiated and undertook to carry it on on a more extensive
scale. So eagerly did women avail themselves of the accommodation provided,
that in 1842 the Corporation of Liverpool took the matter in hand and erected the
first pubUc wash-liouse in the United Kingdom.
The Baths history of Glasgow dates back to 1800, when Mr. WiUiam Harley,
a philanthropist, instituted baths at moderate prices for the people. The Annals
of Glasgow, 1816, state that " it becomes desirable if not necessary in the interests
of health, comfort and cleanliness that public baths should be established for the
use of the operative classes of the community as well as for the more affluent."
The Annals then comment on a model of floating baths exhibited by the Super-
intendent of PubHc Works. Subscriptions were collected, but no further record of
this scheme is extant.
In spite of the cholera outbreak of 1832, Mr. Silk Buckingham's Bill for increased
cleansing facilities failed to pass three years later. Li 1842, however, Mr. Cradwicke
published his report on " The sanitary condition of the working classes " which
might more properly have been entitled " The insanitary condition," and the
revelations contained therem, coupled with further outbreaks of cholera, led to a
general awakening of public opinion. In 1844 a London "Association for pro-
moting cleanliness among the people," founded by Lord Shaftesbury, met under
the aegis of the Lord Mayor ; we also find the Provost of Dundee calling a meetmg
in response to a requisition signed by '' upwards of eighteen huncked working men "
to consider the " propriety of estabhshing Public Baths for the Working Classes."
The efforts of the London Association led to the establishment of Public
Baths at Glasshouse Street, near London Docks, and George Sti'eet, Euston Square,
but it was evident that legislation was essential for further progress. Li 1846
the Bishop of London presented five petitions for increased cleansing facilities for
the masses ; and in the House of Commons Sii' George Grey mtroduced a Bill to
the same purpose which became the first " Act to encourage the establishment of
Public Baths and Wash-houses."
This Act gave a Borough or Parish, which resolved to adopt it, ample powers The first
to provide Public Baths and Wash-houses ; the Council might borrow money for Tif ■. *°
the purpose, and the Managers of Gas and Water Works might supply these at houses Act,
a reduced rate or free of cost. Subject to certain restrictions. Local Authorities
might make theu' own bye-laws, and charge for the use of the facihtics provided.
In no case were the needs of the poor to be overlooked, and whatever the number
of baths erected, at least two-thirds were to be of the cheapest class.
A schedule appended to this Act provided that each adult bather should be
supplied with clean water and a clean towel, and fixed the maximum charge for
a warm batli of the lowest class at 2d. ; special facUities were granted to childi'en,
and the charge for open-air baths was fixed at Jd. In the wash-house each woman
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Subsequent
Legislation.
Bath-build-
ing activity
throughout
England.
Legislatiou
for the
provision of
public swim-
ming baths.
Method oi
adoption oi
the Baths
and Wash-
houses Acts.
Baths and
Wash-
houses
legislation
ior Scotland.
was to be provided with a tub, a boiler, and drying convenience for Id. the fii-st
hour. From these charges it^is evident that this oldest form of municipal trading
was looked upon as a philanthi'opic rather than a lucrative enterprise. At the
same time we must bear in mmd that the working classes earned less than they
do at present.
The Towns Improvement Act, 1847, the Baths and Wash-houses Act, 1847,
and the Pubhc Health Act, 1875, contain clauses which modify the principal Act
in detail but leave its main provisions unaltered. The question of providing means
for the cleansing of persons and clothes was fully met, so far as legislation was
concerned, and for more than thirty years no further development took place.
A report, published for the Bath Committee of the London Association in
1852, shows that the passing of the 1846 Act was followed by an outburst of activity
in Public Baths and Wash-house building throughout the comitry. London
possessed eight establishments ; Liverpool, Preston, Tynemouth, Bristol, Notting-
ham, Hull, and Bu-mingham had ah-eady taken advantage of the Act. hx the
words of the Report, " Baths and Wash-houses are now built or building in almost
every large town in England." The movement spread to the Continent, and
deputations came from France and Belgium to see the new model establishment
at Whitechapel. The writer goes on to give figures showing how largely the use
of the baths, managed bj' the Association, was tncreasuig, but in spite of this
success, the attempt to make them self-supporting at charges vaiymg fi'om Id. to
6d. failed. " The income though sufficient to pay the current expenses and the
interest on the debt is not sufficient to enable the Committee to provide for the
renewal of plant."
A period of about twenty years' steady but slow pi'ogress followed that described
above. Progressive places were probably waiting to test results before developing
a fmiiher pohcy, and tlie more backward authorities had not yet availed themselves
of the powers conferred by the Act.
The Amateur 8wimming Association was founded ui 1869. Coincident with
this a demand arose for greater swimmmg facilities, and in 1878 Baths legislation
was further developed in an Amendmg Act which empowered Local Authorities
to provide covered Swimming Baths. These might be used as gymnasia or recrea-
tion halls from November to March with one proviso — music and dancing were
prohibited. The Act included a Schedule of charges ranging from 2d. to 8d. for
the use of the swimming bath ; the Ad. charge for an open-au- bath was raised
to Id. An amending Act in 1882 gave Local Authorities powers to purchase or
lease a Baths site in the neighbom-hood of the parish. The proviso in the Act
of 1878, which forbade music and dancing on Baths premises, was repealed for
London m 1896 and for the provinces in 1899.
The Baths and Wash-houses Acts, as they stand to-day, may be adopted by
Town Councils and Urban District Councils. The parish meeting of every rural
parish may adopt the Act, subject to the approval of the Local Government Board.
For many 3'ears after the passing of the Eughsh Acts, Scottish Bm-ghs had
to obtain special Baths and Wash-houses legislation. In 1892, however, the
Burgh Police Act gave all Urban Authorities powers similar to those akeady
DIAGRAM I
To illustrate activity in Baths and Wash-houses building in the
United Kingdom, 1842-1915
^^ Represent !t daU ef eaUMifhment.
A. ENGLAND AND WALES.
(This iloes not incluile ti baths built between 1848 and 1852,
or 25 establishments for which no (late was given.)
1915
^^ Represents an add-ition to building.
B. SCOTLAND. C. IRELAND.
1850
1842
5
GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
possessed in England and Ireland. The Local Government (Scotland) Act, 1894,
provides ia like manner for rural districts. The Public Health (Scotland) Acts,
1867 and 1897, contain sections relating to the provision of water for bathing
pm-poses. As hi England and Ireland model bye-laws have been drawn up, but
there are no schedules fixing maximum charges : in consequence the lowest charge
for a bath in Scotland is often double that which obtains in England.
Baths and Wash-house legislation for Ireland has followed much the same Baths and
course as that for England. The regulations embodied in the Baths and Wash- ^^^'
houses
houses Act, 1846, the Towns Improvement Clauses Acts, 1847 and 1854, and the legislation
Pubhc Health Act of 1878 are substantially the same, but in rural districts, powers for Ireland.
to provide pubhc baths and wash-houses are limited to such Municipal Boroughs
as do not possess Urban Sanitary Districts powers.
Recent legislation has laid stress on certam aspects of the Baths question. Special
Rules appended to the Factory Acts enact that hi specified trades where lead and legislation
arsenic are used, properly equipped baths must be supplied for the workers, and ,, , „
their use is obligatory. By the Coal Mines Act, 1911, the owner is bound to provide hands ;
baths at the pit-head if a majority of two-thirds of the miners demand them and S?' "^f^ '
r •> ■' (3) children.
are wUhng to contribute half the cost of mamtenance. The owner is reheved of
his obUgation if the estimated total cost of maintenance exceeds threepence per
week for each workman contributing. Since 1898 Local Education Authorities
have been authorised to pay the fees for childi-en attendmg swimming baths provided
that they receive instruction hi swimming, and they are empowei'ed by the Children
Act, 1908, to enforce a certain standard of cleanliness.^
Growth of thk Baths and Wash-hofses Movement m Recent Times
One method whereby it is possible to gauge whether the hiterest in pubhc Increase in
baths has gi'own or diminished is by a comparison of building activity from year •'"■f^n^
to year. A bath estabhshment is a very elastic term, used to describe a small
cottage equipped with two or three hot baths, equally with a palatial buildmg
containing three or four swimming baths and suites of rooms for Turkish or Russian
bathing : similarly an " addition " may be anything from a large swimmhig bath
to a room fitted with sprays. On the other hand, aU buUding is evidence of
sustained interest, and from the data available charts have been prepared to
indicate whether the movement belongs to the past only or is still in course of
development.
Allowing for the fact that it is difficult to obtain exhaustive data and that
the likehhood of omission is greatest in the case of the older establishments, it is
evident that there has been a steady rise in bath buUduig activity which was bemg
maintained up to the outbreak of war. Diagram I. shows the position from year
to year hi the United Kingdom. It wiU be noticed that in Scotland there has
been steady progress of late years. In Ireland effort has been confined to one or
two places, notably Belfast. The diagram shows that since 1875 the upward
trend m England has been a very marked one. Diagram II. shows that
there was a rapid increase of bathing and wash-house estabhshments in the
' See Appendix IV. for a detailed account of the Acts.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Increase in
number of
bathers.
early days of the movement, after which progress was somewhat ari-ested, till
enthusiasm for swimming gave a fresli impetus. The increase duruig the past
few years is iii part due to the estabhshment of so -called " cottage baths " in
working-class districts.
Another criterion of increasing or decreasing interest may be found in the
numbers who make use of public baths in each of a given series of years. Where
the population is increasing rapidly, an absolute increase in the number of bathers
might be looked for from this reason alone, but by takurg census years and obtauiuig
the number of bathers per thousand of the population, we can also gauge the
relative increase, if such exists.
TABLE I
Showing accommodation and number of bathers over a period of 14 years
in the towns specified.
Date.
Yeiir
ended. 1
Glisoow.
SUEFFIIU).
Bkadfoki). Newcastle.
ISLIKCIOK.
Estab-
lish-
raents.
Bathers
000s.
Estab-
lish-
ments.
Bathers
000s.
Estab-
lish-
ments.
Bathers
OOOs.
Estab-
lish-
melits.
Bathers
OOOs.
Estab-
lish-
ments.
Bathers
OOOs.
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
8
8
9
10
10
11
13
13
13
13
13
13
15
17
676
603
645
689
720
807
853
791
847
740
821
917
9f!9
1202
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
8
8
8
8
8
331
363
304
336
434
422
509
509
515
495
556
630
636
7092
2
2
2
2
4
11
14
14
14
17
18
20
20
20
169
225
216
206
237
357
504
467
479
482
519
548
530
596
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
214
240
200
204
222
259
268
290
285
291
301
335
303
361
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
636
630
588
624
672
703
737
662
686
653
662
721
673
711
1901
1911
Popula-
tion
000s.
Bathers
per 1000.
Popula-
tion
0008.
Batbers
per 1000.
Popula-
tiiin
OIIOs.
Bathors
per 1000.
Popula-
-tion
0008.
Bathers
per 1000.
I'opula-
tion
OOOs.
Bathers
per 1000.
760
784
889
1046
409
455
810
1223
280
288
606
1798
247 866
267 1130
I
335
327
1897
2022
' Glasgow, May. Sheffield, March. Bradford, March. Islington, March. Newcastle, April.
2 Baths closed during part of the year for alterations.
Table I. shows the position in four large representative towns for whicli
figures were available, and also for a London borough. In the last case,
the figure per thousand must be read with a large reservation, as the baths
are much used by the dwellers in other parts of London. Tlu'oughout there
is a relative, as well as an absolute, increase. Li Newcastle, where the baths
accommodation was no greater in 1914 than in 1901, the bathers had increased
by over 140,000, and in Islington, although the population in that part of London
is decreasing, the nimiber of bathers has increased. In Bradford, where there has
been a steady increase in the bathing facilities provided, the number of bathers
has almost trebled : the large increase in establishments is due to the fact that
DIAGRAM II
Showing increase in number of Bath Establishments in England,
No. of Bath
Establishments.
1845-1915
No. of Bath
Establishments.
I&45 IS50 I8SS 1860 I86S 1870 I87S 1880 I8SS 1890 189S 1900 1905 i9l0 1915
Dates of Establishment.
7
GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
this town has pursued a poHcy of buildmg cottage baths wherever it was thought
that a demand foi- bathing facilities might be created.
Incidentally this table illustrates the errors which may arise when isolated
years are taken for purposes of comparison. It will be noticed that in the year ■
which ended in the spring of 1903 the figures for the towns selected are among
the lowest recorded, whereas in 1905 they tend to be high. A warm dry summer,
or the opening of a new establishment may lead to inflated figures, whereas a wet,
cold year mil have the reverse effect.
In the Government Returns for Municipal Trading tlie number of bathers in
specified towns is given for the years ending in 1903, 1906, and 1914. In eight
cases there was an increase in 1906 followed by a decrease, in three a decrease
followed by an increase, and in forty-six an increase in both periods.
While too much stress must not be laid on the experience of a few large towns
where interest in the baths movement is manifest from the careful series of figures
kept, there seems httle doubt that what may be termed the bathing habit is dis-
tinctly on the increase. Further evidence for this opinion is more fully discussed
in the sections of the Report which deal with facilities for private bathing and
swimming baths respectively.
Present Distribution of Public Baths and Wash-houses
IN THE United Kingdom
The distribution of Baths open to the public at the present time is shown Explanation
by the map at the beginning of this Report, and of Wash-houses by the map in °^ ^^^'
Section III. Covered Bath Establishments are shown in red, different marks
being used to indicate their number and whether they are under public or private
management. Open-air swimming baths are similarly shown in blue. EstabUsh-
ments are excluded if they are not open to the general public, i.e. those in connection
with schools, or with clubs where the fees are too high for any but the well-to-do.
Certain interesting facts emerge from a study of the principal map. As is to
be expected, wherever bath establishments are clustered thickly together, e.g. in
Lancashire, Yorkshire, and the London area, the population is over five hundred
to the square mile. The converse does not, however, hold good ; in some of the
most densely populated parts of the comitry, e.g. m South Wales, the county of
Durham, and parts of Scotland, public baths provision is scanty or non-existent.
Whereas there has been a widespread movement m favour of public bathing
facilities in shipping centres and industrial areas containing extensive factories,
the mining commimities have as yet taken little action in the matter ; this may be
due in part to their being more scattered, and also to the fact that the miner has
been in the habit of bathing at home, and recent movements in mining districts have
been for baths either at the pit-head or in the house. The map illustrates also the
extent to which municipal enterprise has suspended voluntary effort, for baths still
under the control of philanthropic agencies or private persons are few and far between.
A study of the detailed map of the Lancashire, Yorkshire, and London areas
brings out the fact that certain places in densely populated districts depend on their
8
Baths
provision
for towns
classified
according to
population.
Tables to
illustrate
present
position.
Factors to be
borne in
mind in
comparative
analysis of
tables.
EEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
neighbours for bathing facihties. In each case the number of bath establishments
is indicated under the name of the controlhng Local Authority though they may
be distributed over a larger area than that indicated, e.g. Manchester controls baths
at Withington and Gorton, Bradford at Low Moor and Wyke, and Stoke at Tunstall,
Burslem, and Hanley.
Every London borough, with the exception of Fmsbury, has provided pubUc
baths ; all towns in the United Kingdom with over 100,000 inhabitants have made
some such provision, although in the case of Willesden there are only open-air
swimming baths, and in Swansea the covered baths are under private management.
In towns with a population of over 50,000, Hornsey and Yarmouth are
unprovided ; in the case of Oxford there appear to be minor facilities for which
no returns were available, and in that of Mertliyi- Tydfil tlie sole provision is a
small estabhshment due to private enterprise.
A consideration of the towns witli a population of 20.000 to 50,000 sliows
that in England 108 have some provision for bathmg, frequently open-ah", and that
no facihties exist in the remaining 40 : in Scotland there are 7 in towns of this
size with baths establishments, and 10 without, and in Ireland one towni out of a
total of 5 has made tentative provision on a small scale.
A number of small towns have taken advantage of the Acts. Man,y possess
covered swimming baths, others have open-air facilities for swimming, and perhaps
a few slipper baths at the town-hall or some local institute. Since the beguining
of the war these have been of great service to soldiers bUleted in the district, and
have often been put at their disposal free or for a nommal sum.
As a result of inquiries in the case of towns with a population of over 20,000
which appear to have taken no steps to provide pubUc baths, it was found that —
1 has been prevented from buUding on account of the war, 6 have adopted the
Acts but gone no further, in 22 the need for bathing facihties has been exjjressed,
in 30 httle or no interest has been taken in the matter.
The subjoined tables also serve to tlu-ow light on the present position, showing
as they do the provision made by all the largest towns in the United Kingdom,
and by a selected number of smaller places. Since these tables deal Ynth pubhc
baths only, caution is necessary in drawing comparisons between any two places
without reference to the data given in fuU in the Appendices. Where sub-
stantial provision has been made for school baths, as in Glasgow and Liverpool,
or where employers of labour have provided bathing facilities for their work-
people, the figures for the pubhc baths maj'^ compare unfavom-ably with those
for places where no such additional facilities exist. Again, in a town with httle or
no overcrowding and ample bathing facihties in the home, the number of persons per
thousand of the population who make use of the public baths may be compara-
tively small, because the majority of the inhabitants are so happily situated as to do
so only for recreation or convenience, but not of necessity. Wliere this figure is very
low it may be because the baths are httle in demand, or beyond people's means, or,
on the other hand, because there is httle accommodation in proportion to the popula-
tion. Only knowledge of the circumstances of each case can give a clue to the answer:
hence for any detailed comparative study, reference to Appendix I. is essential.
9
GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
LONDON— L.C.C. Returns, 1913-1914.
Number of
Establish-
ments.
Number of
Swimming
BathB.
Number of
Private
Baths.
Number of
Bathers.
Income.
Deficit.
Expenditure.
51
101
3344
8,146,936
£
118,108
£
149,038
£
267,146
TABLE II. A
Showing Public Baths and Wash-houses provision, etc., in towns with a
population of over 200,000. Year 1913-1914.
Popu-
Facilities
Attend-
Finance.
lation
ance
(1911
• per
Census).
Num-
Num-
1000 of
ber of
Estab-
lish.
ber of
Swim-
Num-
ber of
Private
Popula-
tion.
Income.
Deficit.
Expendi-
ture.
Income
to
Expen-
Capital
Cost.
Rate
Aid.
ments.
ming
Baths, t
Baths.
diture.
England and
000s.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Wales—
£
£
£
£
d.
' Birmingham,
8403
17
23(3)
490
1600
11,235
25,812
37,047
30%
260,979
1-7
• 2 Liverpool, .
746
18
26(4)
.324
2114
12,513
17,138
29,651
42%
236,652
•95
^ -Manchester,
714
18
33(1)
742
2718
13,525
35,523
49,048
28%
393,111
1-97
>* Sheffield, .
455
8
11(1)
201
1560
7,645
8,460
16,105
47%
104,429
1-06
' Leeds, .
446
9
13
163
1008
5,308
7,960
13,268
40%
111,967°
•96
« Bristol,
357
10
12(4)
203
1023
3,2.38
4,613
7,851
41%
77,679
■66
West Ham, .
289
3
3
94
1147
3,287
3,150
6,436
51%
*
•65
1 " Bradford, .
288
25
13
372
2335
7,710
14,353
22,063
35%
116,744
2^75
Kingston-
upon-Hull,
278
5"
9«(2)
133
1344
3,799
4,800
8,599
44%
53,000
*
• 2 Newcastle-
upon-Tyne,
267
6
8
119
1.3.37
6,612
6,707
1.3,318
50%
84,626
105
Nottingham,
260
3
5
54
1027
2,817
3,591
6,407
44%
42,875
*
' Stoke-on-
Trent,
235
5
10
102
1036
2,542
5,028
7,570
34%
47,175
1-56
' Salford,
231
5
11
171
1880
2,802
6,013
8,814
32%
78,700
1-4
Portsmouth,
231
2
2(1)
40
*
*
*
*
♦
10,727
*
Leicester,
227
7
10(2)
132
1548
3,968
5,336
9,304
43%
*
*
Scotland —
' 2 Glasgow,
1011
21
18
475
1195
27,531
18,358
45,889
60%
326,178
•74
' -Edinburgh, .
320
9
7
150
1343
9,226
9,792
19,018
48%
114,639
•81
Ireland —
Belfast,
387
5
8
144
872
3,250
3,782
7,032
46%
57,773
•5
Dublin,
305
1
2
40
383
1,378
1,220
2,598
53%
12,489
•33
t Number of open-air baths given in brackets after the total number of swimming baths which includes them.
* Incomplete statistics.
1 Turkish, Russian, or Vapour baths provided.
■' ]5y Birmingham (F^xtension) Order, 1911.
^ Excludes capital cost of Jewish bath.
'• Includes open-air bath at King George V. plaving-field, for wliicli no figures are available.
' Figures for 1914-1915.
- Wash-houses provided.
* Baths closed during part of year for alterations.
The great towns tabulated above fall into more or less well-defined groups. Baths and
It is obvious that London must stand alone. Liverpool, Manchester, and ^ash-
_. . JT- ' ' houses pro-
iJirmmgham make extensive provision both for swimming and private bathing, vision in
but whereas school children in Manchester attend the public baths those in Liverpool ''^^ S'**'
towns*
have swimmmg baths attached to the schools. Sheffield, Leeds, and Bristol arc
comparable in regard to facilities and use but not in regard to finance. The other
towns, with the exception of Bradford, West Ham, and Portsmouth, form a third
B
10
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
gi'oup. Bradford is sui generis — of the twenty-five establishments noted, six are
in part school baths, and reference has already been made to this town's poHcy
of providing cottage baths. In West Ham and Portsmouth more facUities are
probably requu'ed, though the former has now adopted a school baths pohcy.
It is woithy of note that — exckidmg London — the great toMiis of the United
ICingdom have expended over £2,000,000 ia providing PubUc Baths and Wash-
houses, and that in England, with the exception of West Ham and Newcastle, their
income is less than 50 per cent, of their expenditure. Whether a relatively liigli
percentage under this heading is to be regarded as a measure of success or failure
Avill depend largely on whether the baths are considered as a trading concern or iis
a department of Public Health.
TABLE II. B
Showing Public Baths and Wash-houses provision, etc., in towns with a population
of 100,000-200,000. Year 1913-1914.
(Figures for Oldham and Blackburn were not given in siitticient detail for inclusion in this Table.)
Popu-
Facilities
.
Attend-
Finance.
lation
(1911
ance
per
Census).
Num-
ber of
Estab-
lish-
ments.
Num-
ber of
Swim-
ming
Baths, t
Num-
ber of
Private
Batlis.
1000 of
Popnla-
tion.
Income.
Delicit.
Expendi-
ture.
Income
to
Expen-
diture.
Capital
Cost.
R.lte
Aid.
Enqland and
OOOS.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Wales^
£
£
£
£
d.
1 Cardia;
182
2
4(1)
28
963
2,2923
72P
3,013 3
76% 3
20,096
■17'
1 Bolton,
181
6
5(4)
16
535
8413
1,1563
1,996"
42% 3
♦
•353
Croydon,
170
3
5
63
1276
2,463
2,477
4,940
50%
32,640
■63
Willesden, .
154
2
(2)
320
315
454
769
41%
5,910
■13
' 2 Sunderland, .
151
3
1
56
668
2,267
1,891
4,518
54%
27,275
*7
Tottenham, .
137
2
3(1)
30
1258
2,128
1,621
3,749
57%
42,131
■78
' East Ham, .
133
2
2(1)
8
1220
1,016
1,.53I
2,547
40%
14,732
■78
Brighton,
131
4
1
121
1287
1,895
2,022
3,917
48%
24,025
♦
Birkenhead, .
131
2
3
43
1124
1,662
1,304
2,966
56%
22,393
1-08
Leyton,
125
1
2
31
1277
1,843
2,900
4,743
39%
39,768
1-5
Waltham-
stow,
125
1
1
33
1112
1,711
1,870
3,581
48%
22,362
1-09
' Derby, .
123
4
6(2)
80
1737
2,189
2,095
4,285
51%
+
■96
Norwich,
121
3
(3)
27
260
558
946
1,504
37%
9,227
•61
■ Southampton,
119
1
3(1)
40
1244
2,186
798
2,984
73%
15,550
■3
Preston,
117
2
3(1)
63
1146
519
1,335
1 ,853
28%
12,049
■77
Gateshead, .
117
1
1
23
347
446
215
661
67%
5,077
■4
Plymouth, .
112
5
4(4)
22
■*
853
29
882
97%
10,135
■01
' Stuckport, .
109
2
4
38
860
1,335
1,293
-2,627
51%
7,397
■7
> •■' South
Shields, .
109
1
1
29
814
1,436
1,743
.3,179
45%
20,526
1-2
Huddersfield,
108
2
2
48
894
1,199
940
2,139
•">6%
10,432
•33
Coventry,
106
2
3
88
1641
2,436
1,226
3,663
66%
30,505
*
' Burnley,
106
3
4
85
•2064
2,156
2,363
4,520
48%
33,500
1-66
I Middles-
brough,
105
1
1
28
549
1,000
823
1,824
55%
11,569
■5
Halifax,
102
2
4
73
1,130
924
1,405
2,329
40%
16,713
■75
Scotland—
' ■-' Dundee,
IGo
10
6(2)
142
»
8,327
3,182
11,509
72%
60,131
•76
' Aberdeen, .
164
1
1
28
799
3,281
503
3,784
87%
17,643
Number of oppu-nir baths is j
vei; in brackets after the total number of swimming baths which incluiles tlu^m.
* Incomi)k'te statistics.
1 Tuikisli, Russian, or \'ii,|iour baths provided. - Wash-houses provided.
2 For covered batli I'stalilishincnts onl_v ; financial figures for open-air baths not available, iuchidtni in general
I'arks account.
11
GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
Far more variation is observable between towns of from 100,000 to 200,000
inhabitants than between those of over 200,000. This may be due in part to
the fact that whereas the larger towns have very similar problems and tend to
become alike in certain aspects, the character of those with a somewhat smaller
population is more dependent on their geographical position. Cardiff, Bu-ken-
head, Brighton, and Coventry are less comparable with one another than the towns
enumerated in Table II. A. Whereas in certain places, notably Brighton, Bimiley,
Coventry, and Derby, considerable facilities are offered and well used, in other
towns the provision is poor and the attendance equally so. The average percentage
of income to expenditure is higher than in the case of the larger cities.
TABLE II. C
Showing Baths and Wash-houses provision, etc., in typical towns with a
population of 50,000-100,000. Year 1913-1914.
{Towns with <ypen-air baths only are not fully represented. Northampton is given for
purjioses of comparison.)
POPO-
Facilities
Attend-
FllIAHOE.
LATION
(1911
AKCE
per
Census).
Num-
ber of
Estah-
lish-
ments.
Num-
ber of
Swim-
ming
Baths, t
Num-
ber of
Private
Baths.
1000 of
Popula-
tion.
Income.
DeHcit.
Expendi-
ture.
Income
to
Expen-
diture-
Capital
Cost.
Rate
Aid.
England and
OOOS.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
.
iValex—
.£
£
£
£
d.
'St. Helens, .
97
1
2
37
797
524
1016
1540
34%
11,310
•77
> Walsall,
92
1
2
25
879
899
865
1764
51%
12,200
•9
' Rochdale,
91
2
3
48
1209
1227
1877
3104
39%
24,977
r28
Northampton,
90
3
(5)
5696
38
618
656
6%
6,108
■«■
York, .
82
3
4(1)
21
*
353
545
898
39%
9,.382
-f-Gift-
•3
Approx,
Walla-sey, .
79
1
■n
12
1695
1460
1819
3279
44%
20,883
10
Ilford, .
78
1
1
6
404
283
233
517
55%
2,125'
•13
Reading,
75
5
5(3)
6
*
627
1734
2361
27%
11,719
H-Gitt.
■97
Ipswich,
74
3
3(2)
12
*
393
576
969
41%
-»-
■44
Warrington, .
72
1
4
22
500
732
1392
2124
34%
17,020
r23
Smethwick, .
71
1
2
20
726
483
859
1342
36%
10,788
•fGift.
•92
' Bootle, .
70
2
3(1)
30
1278
884
2154
.3038
29%
22,474
1-5
Acton, .
57
1
2
20
1643
1726
2690
4417
39%
36,843
r72
Enfield,
56
1
1
12
198
112
429
541
21%
3,700
•46
'Darlington, .
56
1
1
11
♦
547
249
797
69%
5,883
•2
' Wimbledon, .
55
1
1
81
1901
1432
2529
3961
36%
24,969
•14
Stockton-on-
Tees, .
52
1
1
47
1297
1023
647
1671
61%
6,448
•24
Dudley,
51
1
2
16
754
281
279
560
50%
10,354
1-0
Barnsley,
. 51
1
2
23
959
647
913
1560
41%
16,052
15
Gloucester, .
50
1
2
14
*
880
863
1744
50%
14,401
*
t Number of open-air baths given in brackets after the total number of summing baths which inchides them.
* Incomplete statistics.
' Turkish, Russian, or Vapour baths provided.
To\vns with .50,000 to 100,000 inhabitants are commonly provided with a
single establishment, which tends to be one of two tyjjes, the larger containing
Baths and
Wash-
bouses
provision in
to\vns with
50.000-
100,000
one or two swimming baths and about twenty slipper baths with an expenditure inhabitants.
12
REPOKT ON PUBLIC BATH8 AND WASH-H0U8ES
of about £1500 per amium, inclusive of rents and loan chai'ges, the smaller con-
taining one swimming bath and about ten private baths, with an expenditure
of approximately £500 per annum. In certain cases the baths have been gifts,
m others they are managed by private companies for the benefit of the town.
Li Swmdon, for instance, the Great Western Railway Medical Fund lias built
and controls an establishment which is essentially a pubUc bath. Open-an baths
are more m evidence than in the great towns. Wash-houses are conspicuous by
their absence. In the towns selected, the average percentage of income to expendi-
ture is shghtly higher than that of the great towns, but considerably lower than
that of towns given in Table II. B.
TABLE II. D
Showing Baths and Wash-houses Provision, etc., in typical towns with a population
of 20,000-50,000. Year 1913-1914.
(Here, again, ivith one exception, towns with only opai-air estahlishtnents have been omitted.)
POPO-
Facilities
Attend-
Finance.
LATIOK
(1911
ance
per
1
Census).
Num-
ber of
Estab-
lish-
ments.
Num-
ber of
Swim-
ming
Baths, t
Num-
ber of
Private
Baths.
1000 of
Popula-
tion.
Income.
Uelicit.
Expendi-
ture.
Income
to
Expen-
diture.
Capital
Cost.
Rate
Aid.
England and
000s.
1.
2.
3.
i.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Wales—
£
£
£
£
d.
Cheltenham, .
49
2 ■
3(1)
15
1348
917
1,182
2,100
44%
15,741
1-15
- Exeter, .
49
3
2(1)
22
1894
779
930
1,709
46%
*
•68
' Burton-on-
Trent,
48
2
31
993
496
857
1,353
•37%
Gift
■75
> Batley, .
36
2
24
1402
464
1,037
1,502
31%
9,784
1-87
Maidstouo, .
35
2
33
1450
643
661
1,304
49%
6,000
•87
Beckenhain, .
32
2
15
2120
932
1,271
2,203
42%
15,880
1-12
Barkinj;
Town,
31
1
16
1136
469
901
1,369
34%
6,250
1^3
Shrewsburj', .
29
2
24
1873
,592
601
1,193
50%
8,000
10
Reigatc,
29
1
8
633
• 319
140
469
69%
Gift
•17
1 Middleton, .
28
1
4
837
207
268
474
44%
636
■55
Ogmore and
Garw,
27
(1)
221
19
4
22
86%
500
Colne, .
26
2
10
1787
497
895
1,391
36%
7,688
l'94
Ginldford, .
24
1
1
5
1130
268
240
508
53%
2,800
-fSite
•3
> Stafford,
23
2
22
2340
1,019
747
1,765
58%
8,000
£■0
Lough-
borouj;h,
23
1
9
11.57
229
136
365
63%
Gift
■39
Goole, .
20
1
9
713
198
340
537
37%
4,322
15
' Newcastle-
under-Lyme,
20
2
12
2514
649
1,411
2,060
31%
15,574
6^0
Scotland —
^HamiUon,
39
1 1
12
3294
1,214
1,179
2,394
51%
12,4(X)
r90
Ulydeliank, .
38
1 1
20
1926
813
80
893
91%
6,9.iO
•09
2 Perth, .
36
2 ' 2
3
1051
1,281
86
1,367
94%
Gift
•1
'^Dunfenidine,
28
2 2
30
4540
1,085
1,655
2,740
40%
51,957
-fSite
4
t Number of open-air baths given in brackets after the total number of swimming baths.
* Incomplete statistics.
' Tnrkisli, Russian, or Vapour baths jirovided. - Wash-houses provided.
' Under private control ; handed over to the Corporation 1011.
* A gift under the Carnegie Dunfermline Trust ; Town Council contribute £200 per annum.
13
GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
The small towns have in many cases availed themselves of the Baths and Baths and
Wash-houses Acts to the extent of providing one establishment. The attendance y^^^^'
houses pro-
per thousand is distinctly higher than in Tables II. B. and II. C. The baths are vision in
frequently gifts and the relatively small capital cost is probably due to lower site ^°^^ ^nnnn
values. The average percentage of income to expenditure approximates to that inhabitants.
for the towns of from 50,000 to 100,000 inhabitants.
TABLE II. E
Showing Baths and Wash-houses provision, etc., in typical places with a
population of below 20,000. Year 1913-1914.
Popu-
Facilities
Attend-
Finance.
lation
(1911
ance
per
Census).
Num-
Num-
1000 of
ber of
EsUb-
lisli-
ments.
ber of
Swim-
Num-
ber of
Private
Popula-
tion.
Income.
Deficit.
Expendi-
ture.
Income
to
Expen-
Capital
Cost.
Rate
Aid.
ming
Baths.t
Baths.t
ditui-o.
England and
OOOS.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Wales—
£
£ '
£
£
d.
^ Whitehaven,
19
1
18.
985
550
825
1375
40%
14,650
3-25
Stourbridge, .
17
1
9
1508
233
357
590
39%
5,128
1-5
Tyldesley, .
16
2
8
1569
173
246
419
41%
2,500
-fSite.
1-0
Margam,
15
1
4
881
227
98
325
70%
597
-f-Gift.
•33
' Feathei'stonc,
14
2
12
1405
318
325
642
49%
Gift.
115
East Retford,
13
1
6
1587
134
267
801
33%
3,650
1-3
Hinckley,
13
1
4
1510
208
359
567
37%
3,200
2-25
Sowerby
Bridge,
11
2
12
2103
215
100
316
68%
6,018
•48
Winsford,
11
1
5
1306
101
283
384
26%
Gift.
1-5
Tiverton,
10
(1)
2
544
32
13
45
71%
300 3
•08
Stamford,
10
(1)
2219
104
68
173
60%
970
•45
; Selby, .
9
1
10
1.345
251
427
678
37%
6,000
30
Sittingbourne,
8
1
.5
1749
97
268
365
27%
2,080
r87
Nantwich, .
8
1
6
1326
120
191
311
39%
3,000
20
Saffron
.
Walden, .
f)
1
5
997
69
114
184
37%
1,6.50
11
Slaithwaite, .
6
1
5
2840
228
220
448
51%
2,574
•55
Stevenage, .
5
...
4
358
25
7
32
78%
100
•09
Scotland —
* Port Glasgow,
18
1
16
1648
581
124
705
82%
932
-fGilt.
•41
' Dumfries,
16
9
276
329
...
324
101 %
Gift.
Forfar, .
11
1
6
2114
199
163
362
55%
250
+Girt.
•96
2 Alva, .
4
1
1
3
1103
96
77
174
55%
533
-fGift.
«
t Number of open-air baths given in brackets after the total number of swimming baths which includes them.
' Turkish, Russian, or Vapour baths provided. - Wash-houses provided.
' Alteration from old prison building.
In smaU places the raising of the considerable sum required for the building
and maintenance of public baths is a formidable undertaking, and it is noteworthy
that every such town in Scotland has been assisted by gift. In England the open-
au- bath is of very frequent occurrence, especially in the South. The attendance
per thousand of the population compares favourably with that of the larger towns.
14
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Comparison
oi Baths and
Wash-
houses pro-
vision in
England,
Scotland,
and Ireland.
The perceutage of income to expenditure Ls rather higher than in Tables II. C.
and II. D.
A study of tlie figures for English and Scottish towns enumerated m the above
tables shows that there is no noticeable difference between the facilities provided.
Edinburgh and Glasgow have less accommodation than Enghsli towns of similar
standing, but both have a system of school baths. The latter fact helps to explain
why the attendance per thousand is comparatively lo^^'. In other Scottish towns
the attendance figure tends to be higher than ui comparable English places. The
provision of public wash-houses m proportion to the population is more extensive
in Scotland. The fact that the percentage of income to expenditm-e tends to be
higher tlian ui England, is probably due to the interaction of several factors — the
fees for private baths are high and this combined with a large attendance would
increase the income ; there are more wash-houses, and the preponderance of gifts
in the smaller towns minimises expenditure on rents and Loan Charges.
In Ireland the figures both for facilities and the use made of them are lower
than in Great Britain.
COKKIDOR, PRIVATE BATHS, BURNLKY
SECTION II
PRIVATE BATHS
The Provision of Baths in relation to Housing
A consideration of the best methods for suppljdng cleansing facilities for those who The vicious
want tliem and for mitigating the nuisance caused by people who prefer to be ^"^'^jt^dard
dirty, forms a part of the all-important housing question. Is it desii-able to provide o£ cleanli-
a big bath in every house, or can the need be met more adequately from outside ? ^^^^^""^ *'*^
In the EngUsh Local Government Board Annual Report, 1915-16, Sir Arthur provision.
Newsholme states that " in connection with excessive child mortahty we have to
consider bad housing and a low standard of cleanUness," and similarly, questions
in regard to baths provision can only be answered in the Kght of intimate personal
knowledge of the vicious cii-cle, wherein bad housing leads to a low standard of
cleanliness, and this in tm-n creates bad houses. It is the lot of many people to
live in a smoke-ridden town, in a house where the hot-water supply depends on a
kettle over an open fire, and where the cost of firing is a serious consideration.
Unless they have access to outside facilities under such circumstances, a low standard
of cleanliness is perhaps preferable to the state of mind engendered by a high one !
On the other hand, the great difficulty of living in certain locaKties is not that the
houses were originally bad, but that the low standard of cleanliness among the
tenants has made them so. In this connection Miss Loanes" dictum is weU worth
remembering : " It is extremely difficult to raise the standard of personal require-
ments with regard to housing, and as a rule it can only be done by indirect means
— mere supply will not create a genuine demand or turn bad tenants into good ones."
The provision of a bath in a house depends on the requirements of the tenant Considera-
and the rent he is wiUing or able to pay. Wherever there is a family, a bathroom '°,°* l^j" .^
with lavatory basin is desirable, in that : — provision of
(1) It ensures the privacy in bathing necessary for growuig boys and girls. ?■ bath-room
(2) It saves the labour and disorder entailed in carrying and emptying water, house.
(3) It ensures a fresh supply of water for each person.
(4) It is always at hand, and thus makes cleanliness easy at all times.
If, however, the bathroom is to fulfil these objects, it must be large enough to allow
room for dressing and undressing, be well Ughted, and be amply supphed with hot
water. These conditions entail rent for an extra half-room, and the expenses
involved in good plumbing and heating arrangements.
It has been pointed out that the iialf-room which is used for the bath is some-
times provided at the expense of bedi-oom accommodation already too scanty for
liealth. If the chikken are to be trained in decent habits, the minimum accom-
modation for a family must provide separate sleeping apartments for the parents,
the boys, and the girls respectively, and eacii such room should be large enough to
allow sulficient air space at night. It must be further considered that a few square
16
REPOET ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
feet may make the difference between cramped and comfortable surromidings,
and hence a bathroom which deprives the housewife of " room to turn round " is a
very doubtful benefit.
Various makeshifts have been devised to meet the needs of those who cannot
afford a " proper " bathroom.
A bath in the By planting the big bath in the scullery the capital cost of the extra half -room
scull cry*
is eUminated, but there remains the expense of the bath and the heating arrange-
ments. A simple plan has been devised for certain tenement houses by means of
which tenants are supphed with a bath in the scullery, to which hot water is laid on
from a range boiler at an initial cost of about £7 (bath included). The system has
been criticised in that there is no hot-water circulation system as ordinarily under-
stood, and unless hot water is constantly drawn off the water in the boiler will reach
boiling point, and cause noise and ejection of steam from the pipes. This noise
elicited so much complaint from the tenants in one locaUty that the system was
abandoned. Moreover, the supply of hot water is limited to the capacity of the
boiler, i.e. ten gallons in the instance cited. The advantages claimed for the system
are that the cost of installation is very low, it involves the tenant in no extra
expenditure for fuel, and it does not get out of order.
Apart from the initial outlay, several considerations call for comment where
baths in the scullery are in contemplation.
Wherever people reaUj- desire a bathroom and cannot afford the necessary
rental, it is obvious that they are likely to be hampered in other ways for lack of
money. The upkeep of a big bath involves expenditure both on firing and cleaning,
and this expenditure wiU be increased if cheap plumbing and materials have been
employed at the outset. The minimum of water required for a large shpper bath is
about twenty gallons, and to heat this demands a big fire or a quantity of gas,
e.g. where a geyser on the penny-in-the-slot system is in use, it requires twopenny
worth of gas to heat enough water for a comfortable bath (Hampstead, 1916).
Time and money are needed if a bath is to be kept clean, especially where it is used
by members of the family who are in dirty trades, although in this respect con-
siderable saving is effected if the boys and girls are trained to clean out the bath
as they empty it. Too often baths are left dirty, or ruined by the use of substances
which destroy the surface.
The big bath in the scullery takes up a great deal of space just where space is
urgently needed, and in a house where the family is large and cupboard room
limited it is probably more useful for storage purposes than for washing. A flat lid
is sometimes put over the bath, and this is apt to be covered with the hundred -
and-one oddments for which there is no other place. Tliese must all be cleared off
and deposited elsewhere before the bath can be used.
In addition to the drawbacks alluded to, the scullery is apt to be cold and ill-
lighted, and it lacks the privacy of a bathroom.
Reasons for Thus the fact that fixed baths in houses are often badly kept and put to other
the present ^^^^ jg probably largely due to a combination of practical difficulties in the form of :—
disuse o£ ^ "^ ° ,. , , ,
such baths. (1) Trouble and expenditure over the hot- water supply.
(2) The expense of upkeep in cleaning material and towels.
17
PRIVATE BATHS
(3) The necessity for filling every available space.
(4) Lack of privacy.
A niimber of social workers, nurses, welfare workers and the heads of settle-
ments, in addition to housewives and working gii'ls, liave been consulted, and their
answers, based on intimate experience, go to show that whereas a bath in each house
is often greatly appreciated among " better class " tenants, it would not always be
desirable in tenement houses, even where practicable. The following quotations
from the reports which embody then- replies ampUfy this opinion : —
" A bathroom in the house is not necessarily a great advantage as far as cleanliness
goes — it strikes the more thrifty as a convenient coal-cellar."
" Baths are only found m about a dozen houses inhabited by working-class families
in this area. Out of these twelve, it is kno\wi that at least nine are used for storage
jiurposes, and not as baths. . . . The expense of heating the water and the difficulty
arising from the lack of privacy, already alluded to, are great drawbacks."
" The Innje baths entail the consumption of too much coal or gas ; small baths are
sufficient for daily needs."
" The houses are too small to put a bath inside."
" At present, most of the people if provided with baths use them for keeping their
coal, for dust-bins, even to sleep in, but they would not wash in them."
'■ The lack of privacy in the homes is a real difficulty for those members of the family
out at work all day, who must wait tUl the others have gone to bed before they can take
a bath in their homes."
" There is only one block of buildings in this district which has a separate bath to
each set of rooms, and it is beheved that the baths are httle used. A tub or zinc bath is
found quicker and handier."
" She thinks women have no cause to use baths as they don't do dirty work like men."
" Baths in smaU houses are only used as wash-tubs at best. More often as coal-
holes and general receptacles."
■' There is a tendency where there is a bath in a large house let in lodgings, to use
it for any other than its original purpose, coals and other goods' being frequently stored
in it."
" As regards lixed baths, her experience is that they are usually tilled with clothes
or coal."
'■ The provision of baths in houses and blocks of flats leads them to be used for other
purposes."
■' Moreover, how many famiUes could not afford the heating of the water, even if
they had the facilities and knew how to put them to the proper use."
'■ Existing l)aths are used for all sorts of purposes and not kept clean."
It will be noticed that these quotations all deal with experience as to what
has happened where a bath is provided in houses with a low rental, rather than A\ith
opinion as to what is desirable, and the evidence goes far to indicate that the large
fixed slipper bath may be somewhat in the nature of a white elephant.
The idea of a bath installation should only be entertained when the followuig The
-. . , , , essentials of
conditions have been ensured : — goo ^ housing
(1) Space for the family and their possessions, including adequate arrangements under
for food and coal storage and sanitary convenience. industrial
(2) An efficient and economical hot-water suppty, in conjunction with gas conditions.
wherever possible, to obviate the necessity for making up a big fire in
summer or when it is not required for cooking.
C
18
Present
position in
regard to
these
essentials.
Co-opera-
tion and
specialisation
in the town.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
(3) A large glazed scullery sink or wash-tub to which hot water has been laid on
— " large " so that the children may be bathed in it and their elders may
get a good wash down — " glazed " that it may be kept clean at the lowest
expenditure of time and money. Even when a bath has been supplied,
the sink is often used in preference — it is handier and requires less water.
These conditions will affect the all-day and every-day life of the housewife
and young children, whereas the convenience of the big bath is at best occasional.
The very important question of suitable laundry facilities is considered under
the section of this report which deals with public wash-houses.
The extent to which the conditions outlined above exist at the present time
may be gauged by the following facts : —
(1) Throughout the country a large proportion of the population suffer from
overcrowding in regard to both the number and size of the rooms which
they occupy : e.g. 43 per cent, of the Scottish people were returned in
the 1911 Census (Scotland) as Kving more than two in a room.
(2) A hot-water supply is non-existent excepting in I'ecent housing efforts,
and is often represented by a tap in the yard or basement from which
water must be carried up, and heated on the kitchen fire.
(3) The sink is frequently too small, badly plumbed, and made of material
which is difficult to keep clean and fi'ee from grease.
As the matter stands at present the majority of families have insufficient
cleansing facilities at home, and the difficulty of obtaining these is increased in the
case of lodgers and those who have to travel. The English Local Government
Board Report on Housing and Town Planning, 1913-14, gives particulars in regard
to plans for 2301 houses, for the erection of which loans have been sanctioned for
Town and Urban District Councils ; in 1317 of these, i.e. .57 per cent., no bath is
provided. The advantage which would accrue from a bath in every house may
be overestimated, unless the character and economic position of the tenants is taken
into account, and its undoubted convenience may be too heavily purchased. Where
it is decided to provide a fixed bath it should be of a size proportionate to the total
.space and hot-water supply of the house in question.^
A careful consideration of all the data available leads to the conclusion that if
cleanliness is to be 'within the reach of all, outside facilities should be provided to meet
existing needs.
Where houses are scattered and there are few means of commimication the
house must be self-contained. All the industries necessary for the well-being of
its inmates have their centre there ; the provision of food and clothing, the care
and education of the children, depend on the parents alone, and there is no " outside"
to look to for the supply of everyday needs. It follows that everything needful
must be foimd in the house itself, or not at all. With the growth of cities, how-
ever, there are wider possibihties for co-operation and specialisation. The home
is stiU the centre of famity liie, but all the facilities for its well-being need no longer
be found under the one roof. As a matter of fact many of these can be carried
' The provision of liot water and also a bath in the house is advocated in the Report of the Royal
Commission on Honsinp; in Rcottand, 1017 (Cil. 8731), hut the subject is only briefly referred to, and
no inrliration given iis to tlie type of bath desirable.
19
PRIVATE BATHS
on more effectively outside. The rich man goes out to Turkish Baths, and the
less affluent to Public Baths, not from any want of home feehng, but because what
they require can be supplied more comfortably and at less expense there than in
the house.
Where a bath in the house is impracticable a compromise has sometimes been
effected by providing a bath for two or more houses. This does not appear to
have been successful, and it is evident that such arrangements may become a som-cc
of friction between tenants with differing standards of cleaiihness. The same
remark apphes to the installation of common baths in the attics or in the basement.
In certain cases the great London Housing Trusts are now providing a bath-
house under proper supervision for the use of their tenants, and the following
particulars refer especially to those on the Peabody Donation Fund Estates. The
tenants are representative of all classes of London artisans and labourers, the
average weekly earnings in 1916 for the head of each family being £1, 4s. Id. for
block tenants and £1, 15s. 7d. for cottages. The weekly rents vary from Is. lid.
(not including rates 6d.) for a single room in Bethnal Green, to 8s. 6d. (not including
rates 2s. Id.) for a five-roomed cottage at Heme Hill.
The baths are under the supervision of the Superintendent who may do much
to render them a success or failure. They are open every working day, Saturday
afternoon and Sunday morning. The number of baths provided on each estate
has been arrived at by finding out whether the supply meets the demand, and when
this is not the case more are added. Excluding the Heme Hill cottages where
there is a bath for each house, the average, taken over the whole estate, works
out at one bath for 153 persons, but it must be remembered that this figure
includes children, many of whom are bathed in the house. The Hmitation of the
official hours during which the facihties are open to the tenants, would appear to
curtail somewhat the benefit of such arrangements. In practice, however, the
Superintendent often meets the needs of the tenants where some time-alteration
is in question. The following table gives some indication of the facihties supphed
and the use made of them. It will be noticed that the proportion of women to men
is unusually large in certain cases, and this may be due to the fact that the baths
are so easily accessible and open at the hours which are most convenient for them.
Experiments
in bath
provision.
Tenement
baths.
Bath-houses
under the
London
Building
Trusts.
Table showing bathing facilities and the use made of them on six estates under
the control of the Peabody Donation Fund. Year 1915-1916.
KSTATK.
rnPUI.ATlOS
(Men,
Women, and
Children).
Number
of
Batlis.
Number of Bathkr.s.
NrMBKK
of Tenants
served by
each Batlj.
Batiier.'s
per Uatli.
AriK.vD-
AXC'K
M.;n.
Women.
CUiUUen.
Tenants.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Walworth,
Pimlico, .
700
2055
4
15
627
7645
(Men an<l
Boys)
665
5242
(Women and
Girls)
807
175
137
600
859
3427
6271
Heme Hill, .
Shadwell,
1450
700
8
4
2246
1016
(Men and
Boys)
854
1255
(Wonnni and
Girls)
2083
181
175
648
568
3564
3244
Fulham,.
Blackfriars, .
S40
1130
8
4
784
1083
1152
1441
1343
2483
105
282
410
1252
3904
4861
20
REPOKT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
The reasons adduced for pursuing the policy of building a central bath-house
instead of providing baths in each tenement are : —
(1) The tenants obtain the necessary facihties at a minimum cost.
(2) The capital cost of providing a bath for each tenement with all the neces-
sary plumbing, etc., is greater than the cost of provicUng a separate
bath-house.
The Guiness Trustees make provision on similar lines for their tenants, who
must belong to the poorer classes to be ehgible for the dwellings provided.
Efforts on the part of Housing Charities of this kind are necessarily hmited in
scope, and in the vast majority of cases a family must either avail themselves of
the meagre cleansing facUities provided in the home or have recourse to Public
Baths, which may comprise a large central estabUshment with every possible
facility for Turkish and Russian Bathing in addition to swimming baths and
wash-houses, or be represented by an unpretentious building devoted to private
baths alone.
Factors to be
considered
when read-
ing the
tables.
The Provision of Private Baths in Public Bath Establishments
The following tables, in which towns are grouped in order of population, give
some indication of the extent to which private baths — shpper or spray — have been
provided under the Baths and Wash-houses Acts, and of the use made of them.
It has ah-eady been pointed out that unless they are read carefully, with full know-
ledge of relevant facts, such figures may be misleading, in that they refer only to
the hot baths provision made by the Municipahty in Pubhc Baths. A well-to-do
modern suburb, where a large number of houses have been built with bath-rooms,
may have httle to show on the table, but may possess in the aggregate a far greater
number of baths and bathers than the crowded neighbom-hood whose figures bulk
large. Again, where baths are provided in comiection with schools or factories,
the demand made on the Pubhc Baths and the numbers who make use of them
in proportion to the total population may be lessened temporarily, though in the
course of time these factors may lead to an increase. It follows that high figures
may be due not so much to the excellence of municipal arrangements, as to the fact
that houses aie without facihties and there are no school baths. The nimiber of
bathers per annum may be low because some of the baths are out of date and httle
frequented, or because the fees charged are so liigh as to be beyond the means
of a large proportion of the townspeople, and such factors wiU aft'ect also the pro-
portion of bathers per thousand of the population. In the case of sea-side towns,
high figures may mean not that the baths are in great demand by the regular
inhabitants, but that they are much frequented by visitors or seamen. On the
other hand, a town which is pursuing a very successful baths pohcy as a whole may
sliow comparatively low figures, because one or two of the estabhshments are not
iloing well or are too new to have gained custom.
Considerations of tliis kind make it evident that when the figures in one town
appear to contrast favourably or unfavourably with those of other places, they
sliould provoke further inquiry into the reason for this difference, rather than any
hasty conclusions as to success or failure.
21
PRIVATE J3ATHS
TABLE III. A
Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Establishments, and the use
made of them in 17 London Metropolitan Boroughs. Year 1913-1914.
POPDLA-
NUMBtat nF BaTUS.
Batukrs
■EK BaIII.
Ua'iii) ok
SVOMKN -lO
TION
Mks, usisu Baths. |
(1911
Census).
OOOS.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Women.
Men.
Women.
London —
1.
2.
3.
*•
5.
6.
7.
8.
Battersca, .
168
112
36
148
1039
636
100
20
Bennondsey,
126
101
27
128
754
641
100
23
Bethnal Green, .
128
41
25
66
1636
1388
100
52
Camberwell,
261
207
89
296
1002
822
100
35
Chelsea,
66
59
31
90
923
809
100
46
fulhain,
153
59
25
84
1304
886
100
29
Hackney, .
223
73
33
106
1591
1776
100
60
Hammersmitli, .
122
42
21
63
1301
- 1000
100
38
Hampstead,
85
81
584
100
32
Holboin,
49
55
15
70
1667
1393
100
23
Islington,
.327
229
94
323
1003
932
100
38
Lambeth,
298
73
25
98
1329
1287
100
33
St. Pancras,
218
269
71
340
1011
1296
100
34
Shoreditch, .
111
123
44
167
1079
129.T
100
43
Stepney,
280
142
47
189
887
1399
100
52
Stoke Newiugtou,
51
11
11
22
2009
1179
100
59
Wandsworth,
311
56
20
76
1253
539
100
15
The Municipal Authorities in the County of London have provided over present
30U0 private baths in their bathing estabUshments, and the record of the niunl)cr
of baths taken in 1913 reaches a total of 3,700,000. Reference to Appendix 1.
or to the maps at the beginning of this Report wiU give some further indica-
tion of their distribution. The provision made by the respective boroughs is very
imequal, and this inequahty is still more marked, if the characteristic features of
each be taken into account. The need for Public Baths is greatest in densely
crowded districts, tliough, on the other liand, it is just here that the charactei' and
poverty of the inhabitants may stand in the way of any widespread bathing habit.
Bethnal Green, Hackney, Lambeth and Stoke Newington aU make small provi-
sion in proportion to the demand, as well as to their populations, and as the tradi-
tion that the week-end is the only right time for a bath is firmly rooted, there is
probably much overcrowding. The phra.se " have to wait for an hour or more '
which occurs again and again, is significant of one of the chief difScvdties which
the Baths Management have to face — i.e. that the trade is seasonal, and rushes
of work alternate with times when there is little or nothing doing. On the wliole
the London figures are high in comparison with those for provincial towns, although
every here and there baths have been established which are little used. The tend-
ency in the past has been to build very large estabhshments, and if for some reason
the baths do not " take on," the loss is proportionately heavy. The relatively high
figures may be due in part to the fact that PubUc Baths have been instituted in
London for a number of years, and hence the bathing habit is firmly estabhshed
position in
London.
22
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
in certain sections of the population — e.g. in a large block of poor class tenement
buildings, out of 118 families asked, 54 possessed at least one member who used
the baths, and of 20 better class families in the same neighbourhood, practically
all the members in 14 instances went regularly, and only one family made no use
whatever of public facilities.
Questions in regard to the class of people who frequent Pubhc Baths and their
use by men and women respectively are dealt with later.
TABLE III. B
Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Estabhshments, and the use
made of them in 15 English towns with a population of over 200,000. Year
1913-1914.
Popula-
Number of Baths.
Bathers per
Bath.
Ratio of
Women to
Attend-
tion
Men using Baths.
A.VCK
(1911
Census).
per 1000
of Popu-
_
000s.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Women.
Men.
Women.
lation.
Birmingham, .
1.
2.
3.
i.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
840 *
348
142
490
871
999
100
47
5.30
Liverpool,
746
246
55
324 t
764
100
20
331
Manchester,
714
429
217
742 t
684
100
62
724
Sheffield,^
455
146
55
201
914
218
100
9
320
Leeds,
446
125
38 3
163
590
200 3
100
10
199
Bristol, .
357
157
41
203 t
489
100
18
278
West Ham,
289
47
10
94 t
1216
100
16
395
Bradford,^
288
151
113
372 t
620
100
69
800
Kiugston-upoii-Huli,
280
133
598
100
6
286
Newcastle,
267
88
31
119
1092
159
100
5
379
Nottinffham, .
260
38
16 3
54
1150
8013
100
29
218
Stoke-on-Tri'iit,
235
50
18
102 1
696
100
*
303
Salford, .
231
116
55
171
790
880
100
53
605
Portsmouth,
231
36
4
40
1094
1053
100
11
189
Leicester,
227
...
132
875
100
*
509
* Incomplete statistics.
i Inclusive of baths used by both sexes.
• Kxclusive of children making use of washing troughs at Miles Platting, included under column fl.
■^ ]>atlis closed during part of the year for alterations.
' Kxclusive of .Jcwisli liath and leathers, included under column !). ■* Figures for 10H-1!)1S.
5 By Birmingham (E.vtensioii) Order, 1911.
Present
position in
the great
towns.
In the great provincial towns the highest relative provision for private
bathing at Municipal Baths is made by Bradford and Manchester, and it is notice-
able that these places also show the highest number of bathers in proportion to
their respective populations. With the exception of Leeds, West Ham, Nottingham,
and Portsmouth, the average provision made by the other towns is about one
bath for every 20U0 people, but in certain cases this provision is supplemented
by school baths. The figures show that the baths are generally weU used, especially
on the men's side, but they are not so uniformly high as is the case in London.
The numbers shown in column 9 indicate that at present only a very small pro-
portion of the total population has acquired any bathing habit, at least so far as
is shown by their attendance at this section of the Public Baths.
23
PRIVATE BATHS
TABLE III. C
Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal EstabUshments and the use
made of them in 22 English towns with a population of 100,000-200,000.
Year 1913-1914.
POPOLI-
Nt'M
BER OF Baths.
Batuer-s per Bath
Ratio of
Women to
Attend-
TION
Mkn using Batus.
ance
(1911
Census).
per 1000
of Topii-
OOOS.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Women.
Men.
Women.
lution.
Cardiff, .
1.
2.
3.
i.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
182
22
61
28
1581
478 >
100
8
206
Bolton, .
181
8
8
16
229
100
*
20
Croydon, .
170
48
15
63
780
100
*
290
Sunderland,
151
36
20
56
679
100
*
252
Tottenham,
137
18
12
30
2330 i 1227
100
35
412
East Ham,
133
8
973
100
8
58
Brighton, .
131
74
47
121
991
100
*
906
Birkenhead,
131
33
10
43
783
154
100
6
209
Leyton, .
125
24
7
31
1094
703
100
19
250
AValthamstow,
125
21
12
33
2507
12.^2
100
29
543
Derby,
123
61
19
80
816
533
100
24
485
Norwich, .
121
27
836
100
*
186
Southampton,
119
30
10
40
1299
100
*
437
Preston, .
117
47
16
63
216 1 224
100
35
117
Gateshead,
117
20
3
23
488
100
*
90
Stockport,
109
32
6
38
673 1 250
100
7
198
South Shields,
109
29
648
100
6
173
Hudderstield,
108
48
655
100
*
291
Coventry,
106
69
19
88
833
940
100
31
708
Burnley, .
1 106
53
32
85 2
654
599
100
55
506
Middlesbrough
' 105
19
9
28
897
26
100
1
165
Halifax, .
102
42
31
73
676
321
100
35
384
* Incomplete statistics.
' Iiichules 1 Mikrah hath and bathers.
Excludes Gti special baths for school children.
The table in regard to facilities for private bathing in towns of 100,000-
200,000 inhabitants, shows that there is at present httle correlation between the
provision made and the existing needs, since towns where dirty trades are
prevalent are often very badly provided for. With the exception of Brighton,
Coventry, and Burnley, fewer facDities are provided in proportion to their size
than is the case in the largest towns, and where very Uttle provision is made the
figure in column 9 must be low, even where the baths are well used. It seems
possible that a good many of these towns began a baths poUcy some years ago
by building one or two establishments, and that since then no further steps have
been taken to meet the needs of ever increasing numbers : in certain instances
not only is there a lack of baths provision, but housing conditions and the infant
mortaUty rate are correspondingly bad. A comparison between Leyton and
Walthamstow is interesting in that it indicates how two places in the same county
and with the same population may differ in regard to their immediate necessities
in the matter of baths provision. Both towns liave provided much the same
24
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
imraber of private baths, but at Leyton these are only half as much used as at
Walthamstovv and by less than haK the number of bathers ; reference to Appendix I.
sliows, however, that the swimming baths at Leyton attract many more bathers
than those at Walthamstow. These diilerences are probably to be explained in
part by the respective characters of tlie two places. Leyton is largely suburban,
witli good housing and little employment of women : Walthamstow is a crowded
ncighbouriiood, with an industrial population.
TABLE in. D
Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Establishments and the use
made of them in 23 English towns with a population of 50,000-100,000.
Year 1913-1914.
POPIILA-
NUMBKK OF Baths.
Bathers per Bath.
Ratio ok
Women' to
Ari-KND-
■rioN
Men using Baths.
ANCE
(1911
Census).
per 1000
of Popn.
000s.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Women.
Men.
Women.
lation.
St. Helens,
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
97
31
6
37
136
38
100
5
46
Wolverhampton,
95
19
10
29
806
212
100
14
183
Walsall, .
92
18
7
25
588
482
100
32
152
Rochdale,
91
3G
12
48
978
1135
100
38
534
Wigan,
89
19
4
23
188
56
100
6
43
York,
82
21
405
100
*
103
Wallasey,
79
(i
6
12
943 t 182
100
19
86
Ilford, .
78
6
178
100
*
14
Warrington,
1-1
16
6
22
273 26
100
4
63
Smethwick,
71
14
6
20
592 209
100
15
135
Bootle, .
70
30
460
100
21
197
Edmonton,
65
30
14
44
513
100
*
348
Tynemouth,
59
16
2
18
1084 1 314
100
4
305
Blackpool,
58
20
192
100
*
66
Acton,
57
20
1141
100
17
397
Enfield, .
56
12
439
100
6
93
Darlington,
56
11
695
100
♦
137
Wimbledon, .
55
45
3G
81
566' 216'
100
31
638
Stockton-on-Tees, .
52
43
4
47
293 30
100
1
244
Wakefield,
52
11
938
100
2
2(K)
Dudley, .
51
12
4
16
254
100
*
80
Barnsley, .
51
17
6
23
320 1 25
100
3
111
Gloucester,
50
14
591
1
100
165
* Incomplete statistics.
' ICxchisive of school chililren uiulifTereiitiated, inclutleil under column it.
Present
position in
towns with
50,000-
100,000
inhabitants.
Towns witli a j)opulation of from 50,000 to 100,000 compare favourably with
tlic larger places in regard to their provision, but on the whole less advantage is
taken of the facilities offered. In certain cases, notably St. Helens, Wigan, Ilford,
Warrington, and Blackpool, the influence of the private baths as a factor in piibhc
health must be almost negUgible. AVimbledon has made the most extensive
provision, and has also the largest number of bathers in proportion to its population.
26
PRIVATE BATHS
TABLE III. E
Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Establishments and the use
made of them in 36 English towns with a population of 20,000-50,000.
Year 1913-1914.
Popula-
Number of Baths.
Bathers peb
Bath.
Ratio of
Women to
Attend-
tion
Men using Baths.
ANCE
(1911
Census).
per 1000
of Popu-
OOOs.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Women.
Men.
Women.
lation.
Wood Green, .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
49
18
10
28
910
494
100
30
432
Cheltenham,
49
15
610
100
*
187
Exeter, .
49
22
.327
100
*
148
Buiton-upon-Trent, .
48
24
"i
31
476 1
111
100
7
253
Carlisle, .
46
17
5
22
674
100
*
319
Dover,
44
22
12
34
494
100
*
385
Heston & Islewortli,
43
15
9
28'
321
100
11
207
Stretford,
42
25
11
36
369
268
100
32
286 ■
Eccles, .
42
12
6
18
426
76
100
9
133
Wallsend,
41
10
4
14
811
97
100
5
205
Nuneaton,
37
12
1019
100
13
330
Batley, .
36
12
12
24
641
125
100
19
252
Tunbridge Wells, .
36
10
6
16
1303
903
100
43
523
Maidstone,
35
24
9
33
492
100
*
458
Macclesfield,
35
18
6
24
262
100
*
181
Folkestone,
33
16
12
28
1410
1195
100
64
1101
Beckenh.im,
32
13
2
15
559
342
100
9
251
Barking Town.
31
9
7
16
962
93
100
8
298
Swinton & Penille-
bury, .
31
15
196
100
17
96
Shrewsbnry, .
29
18
6
24
496 1
285
100
19
362
Reigate, .
29
4
4
8
453
100
*
129
Ohadderton,
28
6
6
12
640 1
292
100
4G
198
Farnwonh,
28
5
4
9
258
10(1
*
83
Middleton,
28
4
1278
100
40
183
Heywood,
27
9
712
100
26
240
Stalybridge,
27
...
20
471
100
35
310
Radcliffe, .
26
11
349
100
35
147
Colne,
26
6
4
10
1223
555
100
30
372
Kidderminster,
24
11
4
15
836
873
100
38
522
Guildford,
24
5
855
100
*
179
Stafford, .
23
15
7
22
891
100
*
838
Castleford,
23
6
5
11
497 1
47
100
8
139
Loughborough,
23
9
433
100
*
169
Bacup,
22
"e
"e
12
739 1
352
100
48
293
Goole,
20
...
9
294
100
*
130
Newcastle-under-
Lyme, .
20
...
...
12
716
1
100
7
426
* Incomplete statistica.
1 Inclusive of baths used h\ both .sexes.
26
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE III. F
Showing the number of Private Baths in Municipal Establishments and the use
made of them in 25 English towns with a population of below 20,000.
Year 1913-1914.
POPULA-
Number of Baths.
Bathkhs per
Bath.
Ratio of
Women to
Attend.
TIOX
Men using Baths.
ance
(1911
Census).
per 1000
of Popu-
0003.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Women.
Men.
Women.
lation.
Whitehaven, .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
19
12
6
18
316
100
*
299
Atherton,
19
7
5
12
200 1
78
100
28
94
Bingley, .
19
16
376
100
*
320
Wrexham,
18
...
...
9
199
100
4
97
Stourbridge,
17
'"(6
3
9
358 i
141
100
20
149
Brentford,
,
17
10
5
15
380
100
*
344
Tyldesley,
16
4
4
8
687
164
100
24
218
C'rompton,
15
7
6
13
631
487
100
66
498
M;irgaui, .
15
4
4
284
...
( i
Featheratone,
14
8
4
12
194
41
10b
11
119
Kendal, .
14
5
713
100
*
254
Beverley, .
14
5
492
100
*
180
East Retford,
13
4
"2
6
542 1
145
100
13
184
Skipton, .
13
4
2
6
183
100
*
84
8penborough,
13
13
616
100
13
622
Hinckley,
13
4
560
10(1
*
175
Sowerby Bridg
e,
11
12
429
100
11
453
Carnarvon,
9
11
506
100
*
610
SittingboTirne,
8
"3
'2
5
491 t
81
100
11
195
Dorking. .
8
6
157
100
♦
120
Saffron Waldei
6
5
297
100
33
235
Halstead, .
6
4
740
100
*
473
Slaithwaite,
6
5
'7
12
287
100
*
618
Stevenage,
5
4
435
100
♦
358
Saltburn, .
3
7
"7
14
53
1
100
*
223
Incomplete statistics.
Present
position in
towns with
below 50,000
inhabitants.
A large proportion of the towns compared in Tables III. E. and III. F. are
industrial centres where the need for hot baths is imperative and the lack of
facihties in the home often very great. The existence of such provision in com-
paratively small towns goes far to show how widespread is the demand for increased
cleansing facilities. It is possible, however, that the desire for a sidmming bath
has been the principal factor in the genesis of these estabUshments.
27
PRIVATE BATHS
TABLE III. G
Showing the number of Private Baths in Public Baths Establishments and the use
made of them in 14 Scottish Burghs. Year 1913-1914.
POPDLA-
NuMBKR OF Baths.
B.1THERS PER
Bath.
Ratio op
Women to
AritND-
TIOS
Mkn usiN'a Baths.
ANCK
(1911
Census).
per 1000
of Popu-
OOOs.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Women.
Men.
Women.
l.-ition.
Glasgow, .
1-
2.
3.
4.
S.
6.
7.
100
8.
26
9.
1011
373
102
475
747
699
346
Edinburgh,
320
150
588
100
16
275
Dundee, .
16.5
142
592
100
*
510
Aberdeen,
164
20
8
28
815 1
287
100
14
113
Leith,
80
19
901
100
6
213
H,au]ilton,
39
12
1133
100
i
352
Clydebank,
38
16
4
20
1027 1
306
100
7
470
Dunfermline,'
28
30
1217
100
52
1300
Port-Glasgow,
18
12
4
16
463 1
155
100
U
348
Dumfries,
16
...
9
492
100
*
276
Peterhead,
14
11
246
100
*
198
Alloa,
12
18
455
100
«
688
Forfar, .
11
6
843
100
*
466
Alva,
4
...
...
3
242
1
100
*
168
* Incomplete statistics.
Under the management of the Carnegie Dunfermline lYustees.
Scotland.
The provision made in Scottish burghs, with the exception of Aberdeen, com- Present
pares favourably with that of EngUsh towns of similar standing. As has been
already pointed out, the movement in Scotland began at a later date than in the
South, and doubtless the rigorous climate makes a regular bathing habit more
difficult to estabUsh. Dunfermline has, however, remarkably high iigm-es. In
this instance the baths are under the control of the Carnegie Dunfermline Trust,
and their success may be attributed to the following factors : —
(1) A Uberal system of management which ensures the services of an enthusi-
astic staff.
(2) The complete absence of any social stigma attached to the use of the baths.
(3) The excellence of the baths provision, coupled with cheap rates of admission.
(4) The lack of bath accommodation in private houses, factories, or schools.
(.5) The large number of superior factory hands working in the town.
TABLE IIL H
Showing the number of Private Baths in Public Baths Establishments and the use
made of them in Dublin and Belfast. Year 1913-1914.
Belfast, .
Dublin, .
I'OPCLA-
TION
(1911
Census).
OOOs.
1.
NfMBER i»f B.
THs.
Bathers
PER Bath.
Ratio ok Womk.n to
Men usixu Baths.
ArrKND-
ASCE
per lOOO
of Popu -
lation.
9.
Men.
2.
Women.
3.
Total.
4.
Men".
5.
Women.
6.
Men.
7.
Women.
8.
387
305
113
32
31
8
144
40
740
996
1158
1042
100
100
43
26
309
1,32
The facihties provided in the Dublin Baths Estabhshment arc very limited ; present
ill Belfast more provision has been made by the building of branch cstabhshmcnts. ^°^''"'° "*
The ratio of women bathers to men is remarkably high.
28
Social
status of
bathers.
Pees
charged.
Comparison
of the use
made of
differently
priced baths
and of the
income
derived from
them.
REPOKT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
The Use made of Private Baths in Public Establishments
With the exception of those at either end of the social scale, all classes of the
community may be said to make use of PubHc Baths. Teachers, tradesmen,
artisans, shop assistants, clerks, engineers, apprentices, factory gii'ls, students,
seamen, sweeps, mothers with children, carters and labourers, domestic servants, and
people of small means who Hve in apartments, are among the many mentioned, and
bath attendants have said that they themselves prefer to use the pubUc facihties
to bathing at home. During the summer months the better-to-do come in order
to avoid putting on fires in the house.
In Table IV.' an attempt has been made to analyse in certain Loudon metro-
politan boroughs and in selected estabhshments in 49 provincial to^^iis and 5
Scottish burghs, the fees charged for hot baths, the use made of them, and the
income derived from one bath of each class. Generally speaking, hot baths are
provided at a fee which ranges from 2d. to 6d. and includes the use of one or two
towels according to the class of bath. In London and many provincial towns
soap is charged for at the rate of Id. or |d. per tablet ; in other cases, and in Scotland,
it is included in the admission fee. Cases where more than 6d. or less than 2d. is
charged for a hot bath are exceptional. In some instances boys and girls are
admitted free or at substantially reduced rates ; a discussion of this subject is,
however, deferred to the section deaUng especially with baths provision for school
children. The usual fee in London is 6d. or 2d. ; in the English provincial towns
selected, 37 have sixpeiniy, 24 fourpenny, 20 threepemiy, and 25 twopemiy
baths. The commonest combinations of fees are 6d. and 2d., or 6d. and 3d., or 4d.
and 2d., or 6d., 4d., and 2d.
The proportion of baths provided in each class varies very widely. Mucli
will depend on whether a town considers its baths as a department for municipal
trading, where the main object is to obtain some financial return, or as an investment
in public health. At present there seems to be considerable confusion of thought
over the matter. Whereas one town provides 34 baths at 6d. and 4d. and only
6 at 2d., another charges a maximum fee of 4d. for the 1st class, and has built a
number of Id. baths for its poorer citizens. It is evident that the point of view iu
the two cases cited is as much at variance as their baths accommodation.
The provision of 1st class baths at a fee of 6d. appears to be fuUy justified.
Many people prefer to pay for what they get, and appreciate the use of facihties
less crowded than are those of the cheapest class. The sixpenny baths are generally
well used in comparison with those at a lower fee, and in the majority of cases,
although each 1st class bath is occupied by a smaller number of bathers, the income
derived from it is considerably greater than that from a twopenny bath. The
reduction of the fee for a 1st class bath from 6d. to 4d. does not seem to increase
the number of 1st class bathers, and it is significant that one effect of high wages
in a large munitions centre was a rush on sixpenny baths in preference to twopenny,
although the provision made for the two classes is identical in quahty. The situation
in the London boroughs selected for analysis may be generahsed as follows : —
(1) The proportion of si.xpenny to twopenny baths is about one-half.
' See pages 30-33.
INTKRIOK OF I'lUVAXK BATHKOOM, LOVVKK DAKiiUOUIH STBEET COTTAGE BATHb BIKAUNGHAM
29
PRIVATE BATHS
(2) Of the total number of bathers 20 per cent, to 30 per cent, make use of the
sixpenny baths, and 70 per cent, to 80 per cent, of the twopenny.
(3) The percentage of the total income derived from any two baths at a fee of
6d. and 2d. respectivelj^ works out at about 60 per cent, to 70 per cent.
for the sixpenny bath, and 20 per cent, to 30 per cent, for the twopenny.
A study of Table IV. leads to deductions on similar lines in the case of provincial
towns, and is of value as helping to indicate whether each class of bath is being
used to its fullest capacity, or whether in building a new estabhshment the ratio
wliich the number of one class bears to that of another might be profitably altered.
Although the number using the Public Baths forms bui; a fraction of the general Appreciation
population, no doubt can be entertained as to their value for the bathers. Reference "" '^^ P"'
. . ^ . oJ bathers,
has already been made to their importance for those in dii'ty trades. The following
quotations from rei^orts received from many locahties speak for themselves in
regard to the appreciation shown : —
"■ Almost every woman and girl would like a bath in the house. Many agree that
there is no available space ia existing houses, and these look upon pubUc baths within ten
minutes' walk as a good alternative."
" The existiag Public, Swimming, and Hoth Baths are excellent and are fully used
by the people, men, factory workers, school children, etc."
" Go every week. Always crowded. Have to wait, but get to know the best time
to go." (Factory girls, London.)
" There are good hot baths which are largely taken advantage of by men, children,
and young women."
" The baths are very much taken advantage of by both men and women, some of
the very poorest going regularly. Children are also brought, but more so in the summer
time when there is often no fire at home for heating water."
" Miss (Headmistress) often takes baths : they are splendid, and the woman in
charge is most careful about scrubbing them out before each person uses them . Miss
(Infant Mistress) has used the 6d. private baths and speaks highly of them. Half an hour
is allowed, and a Uberal supply of hot water."
" About a dozen mothers were all in favour of pubUc baths. Several said the men
wanted them badly, and one said her daughter went every week to get a bath. Another
went herself every week. Another said for three or four years after her marriage she went."
" She sends her children there once a week. It is all nice and clean and well arranged."
" The supply is unequal to the demand. The baths are very much used by the
ditlerent classes of working men. In the early mornings, before 7 a.m. and also on Saturday
afternoons and Sundays, long queues are often waiting admission. The hot baths arc
equally appreciated. There also the demand exceeds the supply, as women are often
seen sitting outside the various bathrooms with their knitting, awaiting their tiu-n."
" Mrs. goes once a week in the early morning and has a bath. All is quiet,
clean, and comfortable. She knows a good many women who go, but if you go early
there is no crowd."
" Saturday is a great day, when all the shop and factory girls come."
" There are two classes, 6d. and 2d. The former are not greatly used, as the better
class do not care to avail themselves of them, but the latter are freely used both by men
and women, and on some nights it is impossible to gain admittance."
" They are at present mainly used by people in the better-class houses within easy
reach. The baths are most crowded just before the summer hoUdays when people wait
in queues for their turn."
" Both she and her daughter use the 2d. baths — second-class — every week. The
water is beautifully hot, and evcrj-thing nice and clean."
. 30
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE
To show the scale of Fees adopted in certain towns ; the use made of the several
establishments, but not necessarily for the
Loudon—
Gatnberwell-
Camberwell,
Dulwich,
Old KentRd., .
Wells St., .
Deptford (Laurie Grove),
Hackney,
Hampstead—
Central Ballis, .
Flask Walk,
Islington —
Caledonian ild,, .
Hornsey Rd.,
Essex Rd., .
Lewisliain—
Ladywell, .
Forest Hill, .
Shoreditcli (Haggerston),
Stepney—
Whitecltapel,
St. George in the East,
Uadclille,
Wandsworth (Wands
worth Baths),
Liverpool—
Cornwallis St.,
Margaret St., .
Westminster St., .
Steblc St.,
Lodge Lane, .
liurroughs Garden,
Birmingham —
Woodcock St.,
Xorthwood St.,
Xcchells,
Moseley Rd., .
Grove Lane, .
Green Lane, .
Victoria Rd., .
Coventiy St., .
Bacchus Rd., .
Brearley St., .
West Ham —
Jupp St.,
Fen at., .
Nottingham-
Victoria BatJis,
Radford Baths,
Northern Baths,
Stoke-on-Trent—
Bursloin, .
Longton, .
Tunstall, .
Salford—
BlacUfriars Rd., .
Pendleton,
Broughton,
Regent St., .
Heedley, .
Bolton (High St.), .
Sunderland —
High St.,.
Oldham (Central Baths),
Tottenliam, .
Brighton, .
Birkenhfad (Argyle St.).
Walthanistow, .
Derby-
Corporation Baths,
Reginald St., .
Southampton, .
Preston.
Stockport, .
South Shields, .
Popu.
LATinr
(1911
Census).
OOOS.
I
746
840 t
289
260
181
151
147
137
131
131
125
123
119
117
lOfl
109
Number and use of Baths at Fees spkcivied
Over 6d.
Num-
ber of
Baths.
Num-
ber of
Bathers.
61
Bathers
per
616
E»tl-
mated
31
6d.
Num-
ber of
Baths.
Num-
ber of
Bathers.
30,059
10.219
16,394
17,164
36,871
8,777
16,328
35,164
19,116
4,702
1,603
5,645
24,S53
5.379
3,606
9,020
10,355
5,278
4,0.W
2,605
4,057
1,465
4
3,669
20
14
6
18,692
14,020
4,672
S
3,936
S
2,724
4
1,394
'4
1,471
9
4,580
10
38
10,190
18,202
7,722
13
15,689
12
8,044
io
9,686
Bathers
per
Bath.
1113
487
858
922
742
676
683
392
178
257
621
299
434
902
2071
2639
576
1302
2028
244
936
1001
492
340
348
1,019
479
1,199
670
Kiti-
[mated
In-
come.
4.
£
751
2.55
410
429
922
lis
40
141
021
134
65
259
132
101
66
101
37
92
467
360
117
265
4.55
198
390
242
Num-
Num-
Bathers
ber of
ber of
per
Baths.
Bathers.
Bath.
1.
2.
3.
9
5.062
662
12
10,336
861
16
18.09S
1131
17
10,4.S8
617
3
1,6S6
.562
16
6,133
3S3
<t
6,434
715
16
8,049
502
13
6,615
4.'S2
13
6,733
SIS
12
5,328
444
24
9,494
396
21
11,026
626
22
15,023
c!S3
6
6,213
S69
21
12,427
692
10
6,607
661
S
3,337
667
4
1,789
447
3
1,152
384
66
30,l:w
4114
13
5,783
445
14
5,379
384
12
6,983
499
14
8,267
590
12
4,723
394
11
2,041
186
19
8,993
478
5
4,650
910
15
10,768
718
30
28,94.1
965
23
S,5U0l
152
22
14,953
6S0
10
6,630
663
£
84
172
3112
176
102
107
137
94
112
158
184
250
87
207
110
56
30
19
502
96
90
100
138
79
34
150
76
482
58
249
110
3d.
Num-
ber of
Baths.
Num-
ber of
B.lthers.
Bathers
per
Bath.
37,807
20,780
9,663
7,364
8,260
9,836
1112
1299
1610
614
516
1,4115
473
260
121
92
t By Birmingham (Extension) Order. 1911.
1 Is.
31
PRIVATE BATHS
IV
classes; and the income derived from each. Figures are given for typical
total number in any locality. Year 1913-1914.
AND
Income
DERIVED I^ROM THEM.
Percentage of Bathers.
Estimated Income from
Percentage or Total
1 Bath of each Class.
Income derived from
Fees for 1 Bath of kaciiI
E
Niim-
l.er of
Batli«.
2d
F Id. and Free.
G
H
I
Class.
Nuin-
bev of
Bathers.
Bathers
per
Bath.
Esti-
mated
Ill-
come.
Num-
ber of
Baths.
Num-
ber of
Bathers.
Bathers
per
Bath.
Esti-
mated
In-
come.
Over
6d.
6d.
4d.
3d.
Id.
2d. ami
F-
Over
od.
Od.
4d.
3<1.
2d.
Id.
Over
Od.
6d.
4d.
3d.
2d.
Id
1.
2.
3.
4.
£
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
£.
£
£
£
£
£
£
56
60,123
1074
501
32%
6%
63%
27-8
9-4
8-9
60%
20%
19%
•23
29,780
1296
248
20%
21%
59), ..
"
12-2
14 3
10-8
33%
37%
30%
4S
4(J,699
1171
388
20%
22%
57::,
12-0
18-8
8-1
31%
48%
21%
33
32,587
987
272
24%
70 -
10-3
8-2
56%
44%
40
47,609
1190
397
26%
74%
21-4
9-9
68%
32%
(56
137,093
2086
1147
•-
21%
79%
23-0
17-4
57%
43%
34
20,580
605
171
30%
70%
12-2
5-0
71%
29%
6
4,274
712
36
28%
72%
9-'4
5-9
61%
39%
67
67,021
1000
559
..
20%
80%
IS-j
8-3
69%
31%
84
83,528
994
696
30%
70%
16-9
8-3
67%
33%
63
80,817
1283
673
19%
w
81%
171
10-7
61%
39;:
17
12,867
767
107
27%
73%
9 '8
6-3
61%
39%
19
6,326
383
63
--
20%
80%
4-4
2-8
62%
38%
69
55,609
806
463
9%
91%
6-4
6-7
49%
51%
78
85,178
1092
710
23%
77%
15-5
91
63%
37%
26
44,014
1761
367
11%
89%
7-5
14-7
34%
66%
22
26,903
1223
224
9%
91%
10-8
10'2
52%
48%
38
44,984
1184
376
17%
83%
22-5
9-9
70%
30%
32
21,194
662
177
27%
16%
56%
51-8
6-4
..
6 -6
81%
10%
9%
..
14
20,330
1462
169
16%
20%
63%
66-0
11-9
..
12-1
73%
13%
13%
20
20,970
1048
176
12%
24%
63%
14-4
8-4
8-7
46%
27%
28%
..
25
21,100
844
170
9%
19%
72%
32-5
7'2
7-0
70%
16%
15%
20
23,927
1196
199
12%
19%
69%
50-7
8-9
10-0
73%
12%
14%
19
17,146
902
143
6%
22%
72%
6-1
>-4
7-5
29%
36%
36%
32
20,662
64«
172
'"
31%
69%
6 '6
5-4
55%
45%
30
24,400
813
203
31%
69%
8-7
6 8
56%
44%
29
29,460
1015
246
8-6
24
32,563
13l,7
211
32%
68%
11 -'4
11-3
60%
50%
17
12,926
7(iO
108
29%
71%
14-5
6-3
70%
30%
23
26,762
1120
216
33%
67%
9-9
9-3
51%
49%
14
20,402
1457
170
28-
182
18,493
40,544
34,139
1681
144S
1897
77
169
142
24%
76%
11-0
12-1
7-0
6-0
7-»
**
47%
53%
21
22,357
1065
186
14%
86%
22-9
8-9
72%
28%
12
8,756
730
73
"
'■'■
33%
*o%
33%
67%
60%
67%
23-'4
25-0
19-5
13 -9
16-2
20-1
7-7
6-1
..
63%
61%
49%
37%
39%
51%
i
614
171
4
61%
43%
T%
12-3
111
1-4
50%
45%
6%
12
11,623
969
97
17%
11%
72%
8-5
7-4
8-1
36%
31%
34%
(S
2,681
447
22
27%
22%
51%
8-7
6-4
3-7
46%
34%
20%
105
108,416
1033
903
..
22%
78%
7-7
S-(i
47%
63%
21
21,874
1042
182
21%
79%
7-4
8-7
46%
54%
23
21,848
950
182
20%
80%
^,
6-4
7-9
45%
56%
18
20,002
1111
167
23%
77%
8-3
9-3
47%
53%
25
33,699
1344
280
20%
80%
9-8
11-2
47%
53%
IS
11,093
616
92
•12%
30%
58%
70%
9"2
6-6
3-1
6-1
75%
66%
25%
44%
12
8,982
748
75
i'/.
82%
63%
5 '6
lJ-7
6-2
23%
52%
25%
14
6,599
471
58
38%
35%
28%
7'9
0-4
3-9
43%
85%
21%
20
46,477
2324
387
18%
82%
25-'5
19-4
57%
43%
78
91,520
1173
763
i'x
16%
42%
4%
5*'%
80%
7-7
12-0
161
l.v'2
u'-'o
9-8
19%
32%
39%
4i%
42%
26%
2(1
52,098
26()5
434
23%
77%
30-0
21-'7
68%
••
42%
25
18,196
T28
162
37%
63%
12-0
61
66%
34'/
24
22,813
951
190
26 V
74%
l(i-7
7-9
68%
32 i
10
23.005
2S00
192
l" '
56%
44%
161
19-2
46%
64%
40
10,244
256
85
"
26%
75%
2-6
'.'. 2-1
64%
46%
11
6,582
698
55
..
69%
31%
11-3
.. 5-0
69%
31%
i •■
••
"
59%
41%
24-'2
11-0
69'^
31% .. 1
Id.
32
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE
Hud<lersfieId(C'traI Baths),
Middlesbrough, .
St. Helens, .
Wolverhampton,
Walsall,
Rochdale —
Smith St.,
Castletoii Branch,
Ipswich,
Smethwick,
Bootle(Balliol Rd.),
Edmonton,.
Entield,
Dudley,
Burton-upon-Trent, .
Heston and Isleworth
(Honnslow)
Stretford—
Old Trafford, .
Stretford,
Maidstone, .
Macclesfield,
Folkestone,
Beckenham,
Barking Town", .
Swinton and Pendlebury
Middleton, .
Haywood, .
Stalybridge,
Castleford, .
Bacnp,
Brighonse ^
Baths), .
Whitehaven,
Atherton, .
Bingley,
Newark,
Scotland —
Edinburgh —
Caledonian Crescent,
Glenogle Rd., .
Aberdeen, .
Clydebank,
Perth J (Mill St.),
Dumfries, .
(Corporalim
Popu-
lation
(1911
Census).
OOOS.
NtJilBER AND USE OF BaTHS AT FkEB SPECIFIKD
108
105
97
95
92
91
74
71
70
65
ee
51
4S
43
4--'
35
36
34
32
31
31
28
27
57
23
22
21
19
19
19
10
1C4
3S
36
16
Over 6d.
Num-
ber of
Buths.
Num- Bathers
ber of per
Bathem. Bath.
Esti-
mated
329
296
2,600
1,385
41
33
2S9
346
16
15
130
4d.
Num-
ber of
Baths.
Num-
ber of
BatherB.
10,837
12,165
2,057
0,321
4,071
: 2,875
3,694
' 1,578
5,769
1,450
2,204
2,788
2,171
4,078
1,295
5,53S
2 2S2
653
359
584
3,350
877
3,396
122
439
5,054
3,232
16,000
18,829
4,965
3,437
Bathers
1
Esti-
per
Batli.
corae.
3.
4.
£
834
271
036
304
15S
51
486
158
352
114
479
72
336
92
225
39
4S1
144
243
36
220
55
310
70
271
54
371
102
259
32
923
138
380
57
326
16
132
10
292
15
372
84
292
22
424
85
61
3
110
11
404
141
359
81
842
400
802
321
827
124
573
86
Num-
ber of
Baths.
12
4
14
12
'4
3
3
Num-
ber ot
Batbels.
Bathers
per
Batb.
5,107
2,381
; 13,726
1 2,163
3,092
1,112
4,306
1,418
2,087
2,336
2,163
2,422
730
3.911
9,476
5,880
4,823
i,r-
990
340
99 )
292
433
1,304
677
485
1,206
664
330
85
40
1,144 229
541 36
386 ' 52
185 ' 19
615 : 72
354 I 24
1,043
40
158
97
3d.
Num- ' Num-
her of I ber of
Baths. ! Bathers.
Bathers
per
Bath.
16 11,102
12 I 9,385
6,836
2,491
16,798
4,967
963
694
782
648
356
525
sii
630
•19
329
833
443
167
689
£
181
139
117
73
31
210
71
108
29
73
61
61
21
60
The week-
end rush.
In all places where the baths are well used the week-end rush during the
summer months constitutes a difficulty. Some idea of this rush may be gathered
from the following particulars of the use of one London establishment on Saturday,
20th May 1916 ; 109 women and girls and 300 men and boys used the 1st class
hot baths, and 407 women and 646 men the 2nd class, making a total of 1528
baths in a day. Overcrowding of this kind may lead to complaints that
only a quarter of an hour is allowed for each 2nd class bather, and. in
some cases, that the baths are not properly cleaned between whiles. Various
33
PRIVATE BATHS
IV — continued.
AND Income derived fbom them.
Percentage of Bather.s.
Estimated Income from
Peroentaoe of Total
Bath of each Class,
Income derived prou
Pees for 1 Bath of each
E
2d.
F Id. and Free.
G
H
I Class.
Num-
ber "f
Num-
ber ot
Bathers
per
Estl-
inated
lu-
Num.
ber of
Num-
ber of
Bathers
per
Esti-
mated
lu-
Over
firl
4<l
3(1
"d
Id.
and
Over
6d.
fid
4d
•M\
2d.
Id.
Over
fid
4d
3d
"d
Id
Biith».
Bathera.
eome.
BAtllB.
B.ithor8.
eume.
F.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
i.
5.
6.
1.
2.
£
3.
£
4.
£
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
£
£
&
£
£
43%
67%
20-8
12-0
63%
37%
wx
30%
23-4
6 -7
81%
19%
46 X
64%
3-9
1-ti
71%
29%
36%
64%
12-1
s'-v
58%
42%
-■
33
67%
S-8
9-8
47%
53%
19
11
2S,60S
7,54S
1243
686
197
63
37%
22%
63%
■ ■
19-1
9-0
10-4
5-7
65%
61%
35%
39%
(J
s,mu
1432
72
12%
26%
39%
34%
26%
61%
54%
74%
75%
s'l
12-0
8-4
5-6
12-0
8-i
4-4
6-6
11-9
■■
25%
60%
61%
42%
66%
"
49%
33%
35%
50%
6
3,811
63.i
32
••
28%
64%
46%
72%
6-1
5-5
3-b
5-3
53%
59%
41%
47%
22
9,41S
428
78
23%
30%
70%
vv %
7-7
6-S
• •
3-9
S-6
68%
64%
36%
32%
13
6,126
510
61
34%
66%
0-4
4-2
60%
40%
10
1,846
1S4
15
38%
62%
3-1
1-5
67%
33%
15
7,849
52S
66
-'6%
21%
27%
23%
67%
48%
:;
9-3
6-5
10-2
5-9
3-'4
4-4
39%
41%
43%
37%
22%
18%
18
28,899
1605
■■
241
l<i%
29%
7%
15%
71%
93%
86%
84%
23-1
9-6
8-1
3-3
7-9
7-7
4-1
13 4
63%
55%
61%
45%
46%
49%
56%
37%
3,024
15i2
26
9%
41%
27%
41%
73%
91%
59%
59%
7-3
9-2
7-3
17-4
4'9
10-4
6-6
12-6
41%
63%
60%
58%
40%
69%
37%
42%
7
4,383
626
37
23
220
113
1
82%
7%
33%
32%
18%
66%
93%
67%
3%
10-6
1-5
7-2
101
6-1
15-3
21
5-2
■5
64%
42%
68%
39%
36%
?o%
68%
42%
2%
5
762
iso
6
7%
80%
13"/
2-7
8-6
1'2
22%
68%
10%
3
4,377
1459
36
2%
37%
47%
61%
53%
..
2-0
10-1
21-7
11-4
12-2
9%
43%
64%
48%
36%
..
3%
35%
62%
1-6
9-0
81
9%
48%
43%
..
-•
14 Z
86%
73%
27%
14-4
21 -U
20-0
20-1
41%
59%
61) '/
50'%
is'%
60%
24%
13-0
20-7
11-1
29 ;„
46;
25 -/
■*
78%
22%
14-3
5-6
72% 28%
1
3 Id. 4 Pigurea for 1914-1915.
methods have been adopted to spread custom over the week. Children are some-
times excluded on the grounds that they can come equally easily at" times when
there is no pressure on the baths accommodation. In Woolwich, vouchers for the
use of the baths on any day up to the following Friday are given to those who are
turned away at the week-end ; in other places a reduced charge is made from
Monday to Thursday, and doubtless methods of this kind help to equalise the
distribution by attracting to the cheaper days those to whom every penny is of
importance.
E
34
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE V
Showing the use of Private Baths by Men and Women respectively in Establish-
ments in which the same baths are used by both. Year 1913-1914.
Popu-
Number of
Bathers.
ElATio OF Women
Hours per Week. Lowest
lation
TO Men.
fEE.
(1911
Densus).
OOOs.
Men.
Women.
Men. \
Vomen.
Men. Women. 1
Bristol, ....
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
357
Vietori.a Baths, .
2715
472
100
17
48
18
6d.
West Ham, .
289
'Summer,
78
15
Jupp Road,
...
24,340
1686
100
7
Winter,
[ 65
Summer,
13
• 2d.
Fen Street,
8162
594
100
7 i
i
76
■ Winter,
I 67
Summer,
15
13
■ 2d.
Kingston-upon-HuU,
280
92
92
Madeley Street,
■
26,153
987
100
4
■ Winter,
68
Summer,
92
■ Winter,
I 68
68
- 3d.
Beverley Road, .
24,049
1874
100
8
92
- 3d.
68
1
Stoke-on-Trent,
235
Tunstall, .
4481
746
100
17
72
14
2d.
East Ham,
133
7485
302
100
4
79
Summer,
17
4d.
1
York, ....
82
65
31
\;a
Yearsley, .
2491
447
100
18
i Winter,
I 57
27
- 3d.
Bootle, ....
70
11,431
2364
100
21
BalUol Road, .
4421
959
100
22
86
84
3d.
Marsh Lane,
...
7010
1405
100
20
66
[■Summer,
J 91
Winter,
I 78
24
2d.
1
Acton, . ' .
57
19,496
3322
100
17
88
-2d.
76
Enfield, ....
56
4987
280
100
6
59
10
2d.
Wakefield, .
52
10,090
232
100
2
87
87
3d.
Heston & Isleworth,
43
CSummer,
1 78
Winter,
[ 59
]
Isleworth,
...
1739
106
100
6
16
Vsd.
13
Nuneaton,
37
10,827
1404
100
13
78
(■Summer,
26
3d.
]
Swinton & Pendlebury, .
31
2262
436
100
19
1 68
\ Winter,
I -47
("Summer,
13
9
3d.
]
Middleton,
28
3638
1473
100
40
90
1 Winter,
[ 80
(■Summer,
90
80
\ 2d.
Heywood,
27
5101
1314
100
26
J ^^
\ Winter,
[ 78
88
75
[3d.
Newcastle-under-Lyme, .
20
7999
598
100
7
71
71
3d.
Wrexham,
18
1729
61
100
4
86
86
4d.
Spenhorough, .
13
7097
909
100
13
59
28
3d.
Sowerby Bridge, .
11
4648
499
100
11
62
12
3d.
Safl'ron Waldcn,
6
1119
365
100
33
15
18
2d.
35
PRIVATE BATHS
TABLE V— continued.
Popu-
Number oi
Bathkrs.
Ratio of
Women
HOUKS PER W
EEK.
1
Lowest
lation
TO Men.
Fee.
(1911
Census).
OOOs.
Men,
Women.
Men.
iWoraen.
Men.
Women.
Edinburgh, .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
320
76,281
11,873
100
16
Iniiniiary Street,
35,429
5545
100
16
52
25
4d.
Caledonian Crescent,
14,013
1445
100
10
48
4
4d.
Glenoj;le Road, .
...
8499
935
100
11
48
4
4d.
Portobello,
17,231
3857
100
22
90
87
4d.
AVarrender,
1109
91
100
8
60
("Summer,
17
9d.
1
Leith
80
16,151
963
100
6
J 72
1 Winter,
\ 62
14
13
I 4d.
Hamilton,
39
12,719
874
100
7
65
15
4d.
Dunfermline, .
28
Free Baths,
4018
1355
100
34
46
23
Id.
A consideration of Tables III. and V. and of other evidence received, leads to xjse by men
definite conclusions in regard to the use of Public Baths by men and women ^^ women
respectively. Even when equal opportunity is given, the proportion of women
bathers to men is comparatively small. This proportion tends to increase in
industrial centres where there are many women employed in factory work, and to be
low in shipping towns and places where men's industries predominate. The per-
centage of women bathers is noticeably lower in estabhshments where the same
baths are used for both sexes ; where this method is adopted it is usual to assign
the giant's share of hours available, including the whole week-end, to the men, and
in consequence many women may be automatically excluded.
The disparity between the number of men and women bathers is probably
due to several factors. Even where women and girls go out to work, they are
apt to be occupied with domestic matters in their leisure time and to find it difficult
to leave the home. Bath fees are usually the same for both sexes, and it follows
that where women are less well paid they are obHged to jjay out of proportion to
their wages as compared with their brothers, e.g. a 4d. bath is as they say ' too dear,'
and yet that is sometimes the smallest fee charged. It is worthy of note that in
Sheifield, where higher rates are charged for the week-end, the majority of women
in both classes elect to go from Monday to Thursday, i.e. at the cheaper but less
favoured time, whereas the men stick to the week-end in spite of the extra Id.
Where money is scarce and the man can only afford 2d. for his bath, the wife pro-
bably goes without. Women have usually more difficulties to contend with in
the way of social prejudice, and new customs take longer to obtain a footing. It
is also possible that where there is just cause for complaint in the management
and cleanfiness of the baths, women would be quick to notice it, and apt to stay
away without making any attempt to have matters remedied. When thoroughly
good facihties exist at a price which is within their reach, large niunbers take advan-
tage of them.
Increase in
the bathing
habit.
36
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Wherever an active baths pohoy is being jiui'sned there can be no reasonable
doubt in regard to the increasing use made of facilities for furthering personal
cleanliness. Reference has already been made to the fact that caution is neces-
sary in dealing with figures for Isolated years, as so many factors may contribute
to make any one year better or worse than that which precedes or follows it ; the
following table is however significant, especially in regard to its indication of steady
increase among women bathers. It must be borne in mind that in the last census
the total population of London showed a sUght decrease as compared with that in
1901.
Table showing the increase in the use of Private Baths in the Administrative County
of London from figures in " London Statistics," Volume XXV.
Year
NOMBER OF Baths.
NusiBER OF Bathers.
Bathers per Bath.
Ratio of Women-
ending
March.
000s.
TO Men.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Women.
Total.
Men.
Woraon.
Total.
Men.
Women.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
1905
2341
845
3186
2340'
585'
3065
1000
692
962
100
25
1908
2540 '
9541
3505
2469'
687'
3170
972
720
904
100
28
1911
2405'
904'
3326
2469'
768'
3316
1027
850
997
100
31
1914
2431
913
3344
2732'
940'
3701
1124
1029
1107
100
34
' Incomplete totals.
Figures showing a similar tendency are given in many baths reports. In
Dunfermline in one estabhshment the number of women has risen from 1004 to
11,079 in nine years. The figures for Bradford are quoted as showing the increase
that may occur over a period of ten years.
Table showing the increase in the total number of Private Baths taken in
Mmiicipal Establishments in Bradford over a period of 10 years —
Year ending
Number of
Number of
Total Number
Bathers.
Free Bathers.
uf Bathers.
1905
95,473
95,473
1906
115,601
115,601
1907
132,107
7,903
140,010
1908
127,438
8,763
136,201
1909
131,532
10,877
142,40!)
UtlO
140,409
21,321
161,730
1911
160,472
26,502
186,974
1912
173,777
30,486
204,263
1913
172,279
37,890
210,169
1914
197,786
36,587
234,373
In the words of a social worker's report (London), " Generally speaking the
people of the neighbourhood do not clamour for facihties for bathing and washing,
37
PRIVATE BATHS
but when such are there, the fashion for using them steadily increases." Another
report refers to the " growing taste for baths." Again, " The demand for hot baths
is steadily increasing, especially among young people," and again, " Public opinion
is certainly in favour of encouraging hot baths." A further indication of the increase
of the bathing habit is shown by the number of estabhshments comprising private
baths only, which have been erected within the last few years. This increase is
probably mainly due to thi-ee factors : —
( 1 ) A higher standard of personal cleanliness, especiaU j' among young people,
coupled with impatience at the difficulties entaUed in bathing at
home.
(2) Fashion — where one goes another follows, e.g. in one factory girls' club
every girl said she went to the baths — it was evidently considered the
proper thing.
(3) The spread of a knowledge of elementary hygiene and of the connection
between dirt and disease.
Current Objections to the Use of Private Baths in Municipal
Establishments
At the present time prejudice, the fear of infection, and poverty arc all
stumbUng-blocks to the extension of the use of Public Baths.
The opinion held by many of the older generation that to take a bath is in itself Prejudice.
a dangerous proceeding, will probably vanish in the course of time. The old pcojjle
in a certain workhouse are still ready to pay the more ventiu'esome a penny to
take then- bath for them, and one lady consulted in the course of this inquiry said
that " the baths were fine for them as do have the needful strength," but hinted that
she and her neighbours did not consider themselves up to this standard of jjhysical
fitness ! On the other hand, jjrejudice against nialdng use of pubhc facilities
is still strong in certain quarters, esj^ecially among women. The only way to
meet this prejudice appears to be by education on the importance of cleanliness,
coupled with such efficiency in the baths management as will dispel doubts on the
part of the enterprising persons who decide to give them a trial. The women in
one branch of the Women's Co-operative Guild gave it as their opinion that it
was not respectable for women to go to Pubfic Baths as they were used by all classes.
None of those who expressed this view had ever been to the baths themselves,
nor did they appear to have thought out the difficulties involved in the poHcy of
a bath in every house, which have been already alluded to. It would be interest-
ing to discuss with them the propriety of going in tramways, or frequenting public
places of amusement. The lady who remarked that she never went to the Pubhc
Baths, she would consider it neither fitting nor proper, would, however, find many
supporters. That such opinions are mainly due to prejudice may be proved by
visiting the Baths, and watching the numbers of quiet and respectable women and
girls who make use of them. As in all places of pubhc resort, special difficulties
38
KEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
arise from time to time, but these appear to be of very exceptional occurrence.
The objection that dirty people use the baths may be met by the argument that
where this is the case, at least they are also people who appreciate cleanliness suffi-
ciently to be willing to pay for it. In these respects much responsibihty rests
with "the attendants, who may make or mar the baths by creating pubhc opinion
for or against them.
Risk of cold. The danger of catching cold is sometimes urged against the advantages of a
bath in winter. Colds are probably due not to the bath, but to inadequate drying,
or to the practice of coming straight out of the warm building and loitering on the
way home. In the case of women and children, wetting the hair may cause
a chill, and there seems a real need of provision for hair washing and drying in
connection with the baths. It is well to have aU baths suppUed with a cold shower
as the most efifective means of minimising risks of this kind.
Fear oJ The fear of infection is not widely spread, but has been adduced in several
infection. cases as a deterrent to the use of PubUc Baths. Whether this fear is justifiable
depends entirely on the standard of management adopted by the Baths Committee.
Among the weU-to-do, hotel baths are used in common, and since infectious diseases
are by no means a monopoly of the poorer classes, the risk, if it exists, would occur
here also. Medical officers of health consulted, consider that no uifection need be
feared from the bath, provided it is properly kept and rinsed between its use by
one bather and the next ; it should, however, be reahsed that any failure to carry
out this precaution is unpardonable neghgence. Many places make use of disin-
fectants in cleaning, and in any case this is desirable for the mops and brushes used,
but the vital necessity is that all detritus from one bather shall be cleaned away
before water for the next is run in. The practice of letting the water run o£f and
leaving the bath to be cleaned later, involves the attendant in additional labour
and is reprehensible from every point of view. In certain instances the standard
of cleanliness appears to be higher in those who make use of the baths than in those
responsible for their management, as from time to time the opinion has been
expressed, that want of cleanhness in the Pubhc Batlis is the reason why they are
not more used ! It is only just to say that such comi)laints are of rare occurrence.
One of the advantages claimed for spray baths is that they cannot in any way
convey infection.
The common use of towels and brushes involves of course the necessity for
special precautions. Towels should be — and generally are — thoroughly boiled and
disinfected ; flesh brushes, hair brushes and combs would be better done away
with. If it is considered desirable to supply some form of rubber, a hand glove
of rough towelling could be issued to each bather, and discarded with his towel.
It is now a common jiractice to supply small, single tablets of soap ; this coui-se is
also to be commended on the score of economy, as when a large piece of soap is
provided for common use, it is often left to waste in the water.
Where baths are under efficient supervision, where the attendants are given
time to do their work and proper materials with which to do it, moreover where
all concerned have been trained in scrupulous cleanliness, no fears of infection need
be entertained.
2
3^
-J
-13
D
■J
72
D
O
H
o
23
O
23
H
<
tu-
rn
<
H
O
H
o
&
<
Q
OJ
O
o
Di-
o
39
PRIVATE BATHS
Cottage Baths
For one class in the community, i.e. the very poor, 2d. baths are impossible. Present
and a reaHsation of this fact has moved certain of the large towns to make special P^o'ision.
efforts on their behalf, by building small establishments where, in the poorer dis-
tricts, a good bath may be had for Id. In Bradford a house is taken, and fitted
with baths and a simple boiler, which can when necessary be managed by the
woman in charge ; in Birmingham special buildings are erected with unpreten-
tious exteriors but excellent bath accommodation ; Manchester, Liverpool, and
Glasgow usually combine baths in the poorer districts with wash-houses. The
return for these estabhshments is not in money but in the well-being of the people,
nor need they be looked upon as wholly pliilanthropic institutions, for, if it is
essential for the general weKare to have clean streets, it is surely equally essential
to have clean citizens. The really poor dishke big estabhshments, and more-
over, they will not go long distances for a bath, but the whole evidence goes to
show that they will avail themselves of small estabhshments, under proper super-
vision and close at hand. In the words of one report, " The nearer these places
are to the people's houses the more they are used, the simpler they are the more
they are used, the more they are used the more they are appreciated." It seems
most desirable that when new areas are planned for the housing of slum populations,
so-called " cottage baths " should form part of the scheme. The advantages for Advantages,
this pohcy would appear to be :
(1) They ensure a degree of privacy impossible in the home.
(2) Where the undertaking is co-operative, the economy in fuel, cleaning
material, and capital cost of plumbing, etc., enables the people to get
better value for their money.
(3) The baths are within easy distance.
(4) There is a possibUity of avoiding the overcrowding which occurs in central
baths as people can easily learn the slack times.
(5) Women will go to an unpretentious building when they would be too shy
to enter an imposing one.
(6) Too great an admixture of classes is avoided.
(7) It is possible for the attendants to gain some knowledge of the customers
and their requirements.
(S) WeU-kept baths of this kind are an education in themselves, and help to
dissipate the idea that you can wash yourself and your clothes thorouglily
clean in filthy water.
Steady, persistent education by school teachers, social workers, and the Conditions
representatives of sanitary and housing authorities, is essential if baths in poor ° success,
localities are to meet with success, and tact and Idndliness on the ^lart of those in
charge will go a long way towards popularising such efforts.
40
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE VI
Showing the Use made and the Running Cost of Establishments for Private Baths only.
Year 1913-1914.
Ndmber of
Fees. |
ExPENDITnnE.I
Cost per
Bather.
Cost per Bath.
Baths.
Slipper.
Spray.
B.athers
In-
Ex-
Gross.
Net.
Gross.
Net.
In-
Ex-
In-
Ex-
In- j
Ex-
In-
Ex-
per
;lucliTig
cluding
cluding
cluding
cluding
cluding
clndinglcluding
eluding
cluding
Batli or
Rents
Rents
Rents
Rents
Rents
Bents
Rents
Rents
Rents
Rents
Spray,
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
per
Loan
Loan
Loan
Loan
Loan
Loan
Loan
Loan
Loan
Loan
Annum.
Char-
Char-
Char.
Char-
Char-
Char-
Char-
Char-
Char-
Char-
ges.
ges.
ges.
ges.
ges.
ges.
ges.
ges.
ges.
ges.
London—
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
'£ '
£
£
d.
d.
d.
d.
£
£
£
Battersea (Plough Rd.), .
20
4d., 2d.
1203
622
413
6-2
4-1
3-6
1-55
31
21
18
7-7
Steiiney (Ratcliffe). .
28
6d.,=2d.5
1126
1087
863
8-3
6-6
5-5
3-78
39
31
26
17^7
Stoke Newington,
22
fld.,-" 2d.'>
1594
584
408
4-0
2-8
1-3
•06
27
19
■8
•4
AVandsworth (Tooting),
10
18
6d., 2d.
963
1032
638
9-2
5-7
5-3
1-75
37
23
21
7 0
Liverpool— Beacon St., .
2
17
0d.,4d.,2d.
870
546
318
7-9
4-6
7-0
3-66
29
17
25
13-3
Birmingham-
Coventry St., .
11
Id., S.sjd
1G81
388
388
5-0
5-0
3-8
3-79
35
35
27
26-5
Brearley St.,
18
Id., S.'id.
1896
535
375
3-8
2-6
2-7
1-.53
30
21
21
12 1
Bacchus Rd.,
28
Id., S.Sid.
1448
496
346
2-9
2-0
1-8
•94
18
12
11
5-6
AVest Ham- Fen St., .
12
2d., S.'U.
730
365
252
10-0
6-9
7-5
4^41
30
21
23
13 4
Brighton (-1 establishments), .
121
6d.,4d.,2d.
S.Hd.
991
*
2266
■r-
4-5
*
154
*
19
*
6-4
Normch— St. Andrew's,
27
6d.,= .Sd.»
8.36
748
508
8-0
5-4
2-6
■07
28
19
9
•3
Coventry— Primrose Hill,
35
6d.,= 2d.5
554
517
363
6-4
4-5
3-4
1^52
15
10
8
3 5
Eastbourne — Seaside, .
12
«
*
376
304
*
*
*
■*
31
25
10
4-3
Folkestone
24
4
Ud.,-! 2d.-'
1318
922
576
60
3-7
3-3
107
33
21
18
5^9
Stevenage, ....
4
3d. 5
435
'32
29
4.4
4-0
1-0
•55
8
7
0
1-0
Glasgow— PoUokshaws,
7
1
4d., 3d.
411
174
153
12-7
11-2
9-3
,•74
22
19
16
13^2
Belfast — Ligoniel,
4
3
4d.,2d.,ld.
S. Ad.
2d:5
458
218
194
lG-3
14-5
14-1
1234
31
28
27
23^6
Londonderry,
4
#
,118
lis
*
*
li-
*
29
29
21
21-5
Bradford i—
Low Moor
5
2
2d.,ld., F.
S.sjd.
848
*
134
«
5-4
*
3^52
*
19
*
12-4
Dyson St
92
22
ld."F.
1564
*
333
*
4-6
♦
4^10
*
30
«
26-7
Broom fields,
'.) =
Id. F.
1543
*
205
*
3-5
*
2^95
*
23
*
19 0
Prince St., ....
102
is
Id. F.
1328
*
249
*
4-1
*
3^50
*
23
*
19^4
Bolton Rd.,
6 2
12
Id. F.
1603
•
202
*
4-3
*
3^44
*
29
«
23^0
Livingstone Rd.,
8
2
2d., Id. F.
S.nd.
822
*
257
#
7 '5
«:
6^62
*
26
*
22^7
Heaton
20
3
2d., Id. F.
S.5-id.
648
*
419
*
6-7
*
5 63
#
18
*
15^2
Brighouse '—Cottage Baths,
4=
2d., Id. F.
1191
77
65
3-9
3-3
2-8
2^17
19
16
14
10^7
1 Figures for 1914-1915.
* An extra charge is made for soap.
Incomplete statistics.
2 For women and children only.
'' No information in regard to soap charge.
' S=
soap.
Expenditure. Table VI. contains an analysis of the use made of establishments for private
baths only, and of their cost. The net cost per bather is taken over the whole
number of bathers, though they may, as a matter of fact, have paid different fees ;
e.g. ■when the fees charged are 6d. and 2d. each bather may contribute on an average
about 3|d., and the gross cost will exceed the net by this amount. Where, as in
Bradford, the net cost per bather is very little below the gross, there is probably
a large number of free bathers. The relative cost per bather depends mainly upon
the number of bathers per bath, and a disproportionatelj' high figure in this column
may occur where the baths have not yet estabhshed custom. It is evident that
when baths are given at less than cost price, every bather will add to the total
A
-i
i
k
1
i
-■,<!■
PLAN OF HARPUR'S SHOWER AND SMALL SLIPPER BATH. CABDIFF
40
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE VI
Showing the Use made and the Running Cost of Estabhshments for Private Baths only.
Year 1913-1914.
Number of
Baths.
Fkes. !
Expenditure.
Cost per Bather.
Cost per Bath.
Gross.
Net.
Gross.
Net.
1
1 i
1
e.g. when the fees charged are 6d. and 2d. each bather may contribute on an average
about 3|d., and the gross cost will exceed the net by this amount. Where, as in
Bradford, the net cost per bather is very little below the gross, there is probably
a large number of free bathers. The relative cost per bather depends mainly upon
the number of bathers per bath, and a disproportionately high figure in this column
may occur where the baths have not yet established custom. It is evident that
when baths are given at less than cost price, every bather will add to the total
41
PRIVATE BATHS
deficit ; on the other hand, the greater the number of bathers per bath, the less -will
be the loss incurred for each. Birmingham charges only Id. per bather, but the
net cost of running Bacchus Road is very low ; this may be due in part to the use
of up-to-date machinery and to experience gained in previous and more costly
experiments. It must also be remembered that a new bath has Httle expenditiu-e
on renewals and repairs. Rents and loan charges are responsible in many cases for
a great part of the expenditure.
An interesting report on Pubhc Baths in the United States, pubUshed by the View taken
Bureau of Labor, Washington, in 1904, may be quoted in this connection. '" Report
° •' -^ ■ of Bureau
oi Iiabor,
U.S.A.
" The determination of a policy as to the sites and sizes of the municipal houses which
shall supply the needs of a city is a matter of great importance. In certain cities it has
been seen that one or more handsome and expensive houses have been erected at central
points, while in others the poUcy has been to provide a greater number of small and
inexpensive houses favourably situated for the use of the classes for whose special need
they have been established. Local conditions as to the distribution of the various classes
of the population wiU, of course, have much to do with the size and character of the
houses to be provided. Dr E. M. HartweU, after a careful study of the hterature relating
to them, expresses the conviction that : —
" ' European experience emphatically teaches the impoUcy of lavish outlay of public
money on imposing buildings oecupjring costly sites. Baths for the people should be
centrally located in populous districts, where they are easily accessible. Numerous
relatively small and comparatively inexpensive self-contained bath-houses are vastly
more desirable and useful than are structures of the costly monumental type, for which
architects and municipal councillors have too often showii so marked a predilection.'
" Dr HartweU also states that these opinions are held by the more inteUigent and
experienced of the officials who are charged with the practical care and oversight of
j)ubUc baths, both in Great Biitaiu and on the Continent."
Shower or Spray Baths
In some places attempts have been made to substitute spray baths for the old- Advantages,
fashioned slipper baths. The advantages urged on their behalf are : —
(1) Less labour is required in connection with them.
(2) Even with a careless attendant there can be no risk of infection.
(3) The bather is fiu-nished with a supply of clean water from start to finish.
(4) Less water is required than for the ordinary sHpper bath.
(5) Less time is occupied in bathing.
(6) If there is economy in labour, hot water, and time, the baths can be
managed less expensively than an estabhshment fitted with sUpper baths.
In the United States Report above referred to the cost for each bather
at 14 free baths estabhshments fitted with sprays varied from l|d. to 5d.
The disadvantages are : —
(1) Spray baths are apt to strike chill unless the bathroom is specially heated. Drawbacks.
(2) They are unsuitable for men in certain dirty trades, e.g. greasers, who
must " soak " to get clean.
(3) In the case of women and girls there is difficulty in keeping the hair dry,
and hair dryers should be provided. Caps are expensive and difficult
to keep clean.
P
42
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
The likelihood of chill is lessened when a footbath is provided' so that the
bather stands in warm water before turning on the spray. At Cardiff a bath large
enough for a thorough wash in addition to the shower has been arranged for. The
water is under the bather's control, and it is estimated that the average amount
used by each bather is about 25 gallons.
TABLE VII
Showing comparative use of Slipper and Spray Baths. Year 1913-1914.
Number of Baths.
Fees.
Bathe Ks
per Bath
PER Ankom.
Slipper.
Spray.
Slipper.
Spray.
Slipper.
Spray.
Lonflon —
Islington —
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
'
Caledonian Road,
89
2
6d., 2d.
3d.
965
12
Essex Road,
91
2
6d., 2d.
3d.
1151
3
Hornsey, ....
136
3
(id., 2d.
3d.
930
37
Wandswortli (Tooting),
10
18 »
6d., 2d.
6cL, 2d.
1045
1304
Woolwich (Plumstead),
64
6'
6d., 2d.
2d.
580
178
Liverpool —
Lister Drive,
9
11
fid., 4d., 2d.
Id.
729
52
Picton Road,
20
6
6d., 4d., 2d.
Id.
436
232
Speke Road,
8
7
6d., 4d., 2d.
Id.
718
71
Queen's Drive,
7
4
6d., 4d., 2d.
Id.
1246
122
Beacon Street,
2
17
2d.
Id.F
1269
823
SheiBeld (Heeley), .
22
4
6d.,3d.
2d.
719
30
Bradford —
Manningham,
5
17
2d.
2d. F
3097
447
East Bowl in!;',
8
14
2d.
Id.F
1.595
368
Leeds Road,
8
15
2d.
Id.F
1991
382
Undercliffe,
7
17
2d.
Id.F
2041
427
Low Moor, ....
5
2
2d., Id.
Id.
1079
269
Bolton (High Street),
15
1
6d., 4d.
6d.
234
150
Sunderlami (Hendon Road), .
18
1
6(1., 3d., 2d.
2d.
822
61
Derby (Corporation Baths),
40
4
4d., 2d.
Id.
724
17
South Shields, . . . .
20
9
6d., 4d.
4d., 3d., 2d.
816
. 275
Burnley (Gannow District,
22
4>
6d., 3d.
2d.
561
143
New|jort,
15
18 •
6d., 4d.
6d., 3d.
304
446
Blackpool, ....
19
1
1/-, 9d.
1/-
201
21
Acton,
8
12
4d.
4d., 2d.
1151
1134
Stockton-on-Tees, .
43
4
6d., 3d.
Id.
291
46
Wood Green, ....
13
15
6d., 2d.
3d., Id.
1461
155
Macclesfield, ....
22
2
6d.,4d.,3d.
1/-
285
10
Doncaster, ....
13
2
6d., 3d.
9d.
1810
160
Glossop,
9
1
6d., 4d.
6d.
319
237
Brighouse (Corporation Baths),
8
2
4d., 3d.
Id.
909
113
Whitehaven, ....
10
8
6d., 4d.
4d.,2d.
413
195
i Bingley,
11
5
6d., 3d.
2d.
478
150
Saltburn, ....
12
2
6d.,4d..2d.
1/-
59
17
Glasgow —
Greenhead, ....
31
3>
6d.,4d.,3d.
2d.
867
705
Cranstonhill,
39
4'
Hd., 4d., 3d.
2d.
848
307
Townhead, ....
33
11
6d., 4d., 3d.
2d.
1052
21
Dalniarnock,
22
5
6d.,4d.,3d.
2d.
628
106
Springbank, ....
21
4
6d., 43., 3d.
2d.
613
46
Edinburgh —
Glenogle Road,
30
6
1/-, 6d.,4d.
6d.
312
14
Portobello, ....
22
5
9d., 6d., 4d.
V-
778
796
Hamilton, ....
11
1
6d., 4a.
3d.
1218
200
Belfast-
Peter's Hill, ....
29
1>
6d., 4d., 2d., Id.
2d.
1095
1218
Falls Bath-s, ....
33
5>
6d., 4d., 2d., Id.
Id.
615
551
' For men only.
43
PRIVATE BATHS
Up to the present time little success has attended the introduction of spray Present
baths in this country, though there are notable exceptions at Acton, Wandsworth, Position,
and Belfast. On the other hand, the United States Reijort above referred to, states
that " The tub bath, while serving a useful purpose under certain circumstances, has
now been almost entirely abandoned."
Several factors may account for the comparative failure of spray baths in this
country. In many instances they have been badly planned, with Uttle considera-
tion for the bathers' comfort, and those in charge do not always beheve in them
themselves ; the low fees charged may arouse suspicion as to the inferiority of the
article supplied, and the innate conservatism of the pubhc makes any change
difficult unless it is accompanied by systematic education. In baths, as in other
social and personal matters, there is a tendency to follow the fashion, and hitherto
spray baths have not been fashionable. As boys and girls grow familiar with this
form of bathing in school and at the swimming baths, it may become more popular
than it is with the older generation.
Baths for Factory Workers
Reference has already been made to legislation whereby baths at the factory
are obhgatory for those employed in scheduled poisonous trades. In other less
dangerous industries bath provision is occasionally met with. This pohcy may
spring from a desire for the welfare of the factory hands, for in all dirty trades the
possibihty of entering the home clean instead of bringing dirt into the house is an
advantage to the worker, and still more so to the housewife. The sweep's wife who
asserted that now her man went to the baths it made all the difference at home,
would find many to support her in this opinion. In other cases it is to the du'ect
interest of the employer that the work on which the factory hands are engaged
should be kept scrupulously clean, and baths are provided with this end in view.
Occasionally a small charge is made for the use of a bath, but generally speaking
everything in connection with them is free.
Baths Provision for Miners
The question of bath provision for miners has attracted attention for some
years. The old-fashioned plan is for the man to leave the pit covered with coal-
dust and in his dirty, wet clothes ; his wife provides a bath for him, and a fire has
to be kept on aU night, while she gets up at intervals to see to the di-ying
and turning of the clothes. In some of the newer houses in coUiery districts there
are baths with hot water laid on, and in the few instances seen they are evidently
in regular use. At some pits a system of shower baths has been installed ;
the men come off work, bath, and leave theii- wet clothes behind to be dried. At
Burnlej', arrangements of this kind have been sufficiently appreciated to encom-age
the employer to extend the provision made at one colhery to others. Reference has
ah-eady been made to the Coal Mines Act, whereby the provision of shower baths is
obhgatory when two-thirds of the men demand them. It is evident that the Pubhc
44
KEPOKT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Baths movement has not greatly affected mining districts, and in one or two instances
where hot baths have been established they have been a failure. Where such baths
are now lying derehct they might with great advantage be put to the use of school
childi'en.
General Conclusions
To sum up the conclusions arrived at : —
A bath in every house would not at present adequately meet the demand for
cleanliness.
Baths used in common should be under adequate supervision, as their success
depends upon a liigh standard of management, coupled with the formation of strong
public opinion in their favoiir.
Although increasing use is made of existing provision there is room for improve-
ment, especially in regard to women, and more might be done to meet their diffi-
culties over hair-washing and drying.
Under modern industrial conditions it costs money to be clean, and the needs
of the poorest class in this respect are now being realised. At the same time there
is room for better-class baths in certain locahties.
The most urgent need is the provision of small, thoroughly weU-kept estab-
lishments, on simple lines and easy of access.
deardiness cannot be achieved by buildings, however excellent, but only by
increased recognition on the part of local authorities, and of the public, that it is an
essential part of decent living.
SECTION III
PUBLIC WASH-HOUSES
The question of " washing-day " is a serious matter for all good housewives. The The need
underlinen, bedding, and towels, of the family — not to mention blankets, quilts, !°'^j!*j™^''
and curtains — must be kept clean, if the household is not to be a source of offence to
others, and this work often has to be done unaided, and with miserably inadequate
tools. The provision made for laundry work varies considerably in different
locahties. The essentials are an abimdance of soap and hot water for cleansing,
together with space for drying, and sufficient heat in wet weather.
A consideration of the methods employed to meet these necessities in the houses provision
of the people is a necessary prehminary to the discussion of public wash-houses. ^' *^^ .
^ ^ J I J X- present time.
The simplest method is to make no provision at all ! Many famUies Mve at the top
of houses where the water must be carried up from the basement, and down after use.
In these cases the housewife must either get leave from the neighbour on the groimd
floor to wash in her room, or she must make shift with a bucket and the kitchen
pot upstairs.
It is the practice in many towns to provide a common wash-house in the
basement or courtyard, for the use of the tenants. The drawbacks attendant on
this system are, that where there is no proper supervision, difficulties may arise both
in connection with the time allotted to each tenant for the use of lavmdiy facilities,
and the condition in which the wash-house is kept by its several occupants. The
head of a settlement writes : " Wash-houses attached to tenements are usually in a
state of dirt and disrepair-. It is nobody's business to keep them clean and nobody's
business to report choked pipes, etc. Constant friction as to whose turn it is,
leads to bitter quarrels among the tenants." In Birmingham small " Brew-houses "
are provided for each set of tenants in coimection with a court which affords drying
accommodation in fine weather.
Some of the new model buildings in London provide an excellent central
laundry with modern apparatus, including hydro-extractors and drying accom-
modation, for the use of their tenants. Quarrels over time or the character of the
neighboiu's are mitigated by the presence of an efficient Buildings Superintendent,
and the provision made was highly appreciated by the women spoken to in the
course of this inquiry.
Occasionally, even in crowded neighbourhoods, each house is provided with
a wash-house and backyard or drying-green — relics of a time when the problem
of space provision was less vexed than it has become of late.
46
Provision
for drying.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHiS AND WASH-HOUSES
It is evident that every woman should possess the means for washing small
articles at home — i.e. should be supplied with a good sink and, where practicable,
with a glazed wash-tub placed to the right hand side and covered with a Ud which
serves as a draining -board for crockery. The desirabUity of a copper must
depend upon the amount of space available, and the adequacy of the hot-water
supply.
Given that a woman possesses the essentials for the household washing, there
stm remains the question of how to diy the clothes. If a backyard or com't is
attached to the house, this can be used in dry weather, and in other places there are
pubhc drying-greens. In crowded locahties, where houses are pUed together and
the streets are the only open spaces, the Scottish plan of a cross-beam hung out
of the windows so that all the winds of heaven carry smuts to blacken the newly
washed clothes, is at least preferable to the state of affairs described in the
reports fi'om social workers, to which reference has been made in previous
sections : —
" She always washes at home . . . the washing was himg across a dirty room,
and over the bed where her husband was lying."
" ]VIrs. 's room was fuU of clothes drying. Some were over the baby's
bed where he was asleep."
" The little rooms are often fuU of wash-tub steam, and damp clothes are
himg over the beds and down the stairs."
The atmosphere of a house into which on a wet day, father and children come
in wet clothes to add to the damp from the family washing, can be better imagined
than described. Representatives of the East London Nursing Society, and other
persons consulted in the course of this inquiry, have laid special emphasis on the
fact that any plan which wiU take damp clothing out of the house is of value for
health and comfort.
One of two courses is open if the excessive damp and steam which accom-
vvork outside pany laundry work, where accommodation is insufficient, are to be banished from
the home. The dii-ty clothes can be sent out for some one else to wash, or the
housewife can take them herself to the Public Wash-house. Washing-day is a bj'gone
institution in many town houses, for owing to the accumulation of dii'ty Unen
under conditions where everything is quickly soiled, and to difficulties over accom-
modation and di-ying, it is found more convenient to pay to have the heavy work
done outside. The majority of well-to-do people have swallowed theu" dislike
to having then- washing mixed up with that of others, and pubhc laimdiies
have arisen on every hand to meet their requirements. This course is, however,
unsuitable for those who normally do their own work, as it involves paying for
labour ; hence the institution of Public Wash-houses.
The Public ^ Puljhc Wash-house is usually in charge of a male superintendent, who attends
Wash-house. ^^Q t,he machinery and boilers, with or without assistance, according to the work
required. At the entrance is an office where each woman receives her ticket with
stall number and time of entry marked on it, and makes a deposit from which she
receives the change on leaving the estabhshment, as the reckoning is by time.
Occasionally a waiting-room is attached to the entrance hall, otherwise the women
Laundry
o
Q
a
03
D
O
s
a
2;
o
INTERIOR— Sl.MON SQUARE WASH-lli )l M.S. lilJlXBURUH
INTERIOR— GARXOAD WASH-HOUSES, GLASGOW
47
PUBLIC WASH-HOUSES
wait in a queue. Once past the turnstile the woman finds herself in a large hall
with lines of washing stalls. Each stall consists of a small half cubicle containing
copijer, washing troughs and slab ; in some towns special accommodation is also
provided for blanket washing. In the older wash-houses the drying-horses were
placed within each stall ; this method appears, however, to have been abandoned,
as although it had the great advantage of privacy, it made the stall intolerably
hot. The drying-horses are now generally arranged in a long line to one side of
the haU, and slide into a chamber through which hot air is driven ; each is nmn-
bered to correspond with a stall, and is at the disposal of the ticket-holder. Each
set of stalls is furnished with a hydro-extractor, so that the clothes are wrung out
and half-dry before they reach the drying chamber. The latest extractors are
worked by electricity, which obviates the noise associated with machinery in
the older wash-houses. In some estabhshments the women themselves are
allowed to use the extractors, in others they are worked by the superintendent
only.
The above description, with little modification, applies to all Public Wash-
houses ; many have in addition mangling and ironing rooms, so that it is possible
to leave the wash-house after several hours with the whole week's washing finished
and ready for use. The most usual time taken for washing and drying only is
between two and three houi's.
The distribution of Pubhc Wash-houses is best shown by the map, from which Distribution,
it is evident that the movement has been much less widespread than that for the
provision of Pubhc Baths. This may be attributed in part to the fact that wash-
houses are essentially for the benefit of housewives, who are often intensely con-
servative, and too much occupied with the immediate problems of how to do for
husband and children to agitate for innovations. A study of the available dates
of estabhshment shows that in London a number of Pubhc Wash-houses were built
in the middle of last century. In spite of Liverpool having been first in the field,
the movement only spread north gradually, and the first Scottish Pubhc Wash-
house under Municipal Control was not opened tUl 1878. In both countries the
niimber of wash-houses built between 1900 and 1910 was somewhat greater than
in any previous decade.
Table VIII. A
48
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE VIII. A
Showing the provision of Public Wash-house Accommodation in London Metropolitan
Boroughs and the use made of it. Year 1913-1914.
HODRS PER
Fees Charuep. I
Num-
ber of
Wash-
houses.
Num-
ber of
Stalls.
Manp:ling
Facilities.
Ironing
Facilities.
Num-
ber of
Washers,
000s.
Washers
per
Stall.
Week.
Sum-
mer.
Win-
ter,
First Hour.
Per Subsequent
Hour.
Battersea, .
1.
2.
3.
4
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
2
121
'
«
53
436
72
72
IJd.
(2nd and Srd) Ud.:
(4tli and 6th) 2d. ;
(6th, etc.)6d.
m.
Bermondsey,
2
111
2 rooms.
2 rooms.
30
268
60
60
IJd.
1 Bethnal Green, .
1
25
*
17
695
*
Caiuberwell
'^
144
7 box-mangles.
3 ironing stoves.
41
285
60
65
IJd.
Id.
Depttord, .
1
34
3 mangles.
1 ironing stove ;
irons, boards, etc.
9
279
67
67
Ud.
2d.
Fulhara,
1
66
5 mangles.
Stove for 24 irons.
14
216
50
60
Ud.
After 4th, 3d.
1 Greenwich,
1
16
^
*
7
413
«
Hammersmith, .
1
30
Mangling.
Ironing facilities.
24
801
67
67
lid.
(2nd)Ud.; (Srd and
4th) 2d.; (5th, etc.)
4d.
After 6th, 3d.
Hampstead,
2
39
4 Bradford's
1 ironing-stove.
23
.
60
60
Uil.
mangles.
Holborn,
1
67
1 .'iteam mangle.
3 liand mangles.
Ironing-stove,
irons.
34
697
(-
72
Ud.
Washing and
drying only.
Id.
Ud.
After 2nd, 2d.
Islington, .
3
18B
ti box-mangles.
3 ironing-stoves,
96
517
72
72
Id.
3 electric mangles.
irons, boards, etc.
'
1 roller mangle.
Kensington,
1
60
2 mangles.
2 ironing-stoves ;
36 flat- irons, boards,
etc.
76
1252
72
72
IJd.
IJd.
1 Lambeth, .
1
59
*
28
472
*
*
..
-H
1 Paddington,
1
30
*
*
39
1284
«
'^
«
»
Poplar,
2
82
In both establish-
ments.
In both establish-
ments.
32
384
72
72
Ud.
Id.
1st. Marylebone, .
1
74
*
*
61
825
•
*
*
■H
8t. Pancras,
3
184
At all establish-
ments.
At all establish-
ments.
103
602
72
72
Ud.
After 4tli, 3d.
Shoreditch,
2
no
8 mangles.
106
906
60
60
Ud.
After 2nd, charge
increases hd. each
subsequent hour.
1 South wark,
2
104
^
*
57
649
^
*
^
■»
Stepney,
1
30
2 mangles.
1 ironing-stove.
13
441
72
72
Ud.
Ud.
Westminster,
3
167
7 box-mangles.
9 ironing-tables ;
irons, lioards, etc.
90
639
72
72
ija.
After 6th, 6d.
Woolwich, .
1
30
2 power-driven
Ironing-tables, etc.
12
400
47
47
Ud.
After 5th, 4d.
mangles.
* Incomplete statistics.
1 Figures from London Statistics, volume xxv.
London. An inset map at the beginning of this volume shows the distribution of the
thirty-six London Wash-houses in regard to which detailed information is given in
Table VIII. A. Provision is made for 1759 washing-stalls in all, and many estab-
lishments offer facilities for manghng and ironing. The initial charge of lid. for
the first hour is low, but in many boroughs a graduated scale has been adopted for
the purpose of preventing women from using the wash-house every day, and so
earning a living. In many instances the use made of the existing provision is small
in comparison with that of other places. It is difficult to account for this ; pre-
judice and apathy possibly play a part, and also a failure of that interest on the
part of the management which is an essential condition of success in aU such under-
takings. It is possible that, as in some provincial towns, the very fact that the
local authorities were among the first to provide laundry f acUities is now proving
a hindrance, as the buildings have lost their freslmess, and the equipment tends
to be out of date. Since the war, several wash-houses have been closed for part
Map of the United Kingdom to illustrate the
Distribution of Washhouse Establishments
-' r^atnmir|^ G^o^niSllcfi] b jtituUi
*5 «d "bo iio
49
PUBLIC WASH-HOUSES
of the week on grounds of economy. This means that women who have only
one or two days free must make shift at home as best they may, and deputations
from among their number protested, but without success.
TABLE VIII. B
Showing the provision of Public Wash-house Accommodation in English Provincial
Towns and the use made of it. Year 1913-1914.
HOUES PER
Fees Charoed.
Num-
ber of
Number
of
Stalls.
Mangling
Facilities.
Ironing
Facilities.
Num-
Washers
Week.
Wash-
houses.
ber of
Washers.
per
Stall.
Sum-
Win-
First Hour.
Per Subsequent
OOOs.
mer.
ter.
Hour.
Enyland —
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Liverpool,
ti
391
For 3S persons.
For 38 persons.
323
827
50
50
Id.
(2nd) 2d., (3rd) 3d.,
(4th, etc,)4d.
Manchester,
ti
1S3
21 steam mangles.
G ironing-stoves,
irons, etc.
128
699
67
66
2d.
2d,
Bristol, .
2
102
2 mangles.
31
305
54
54
Id.
After 2nd, 2d.
Newcastle,
5
201
»
*
181
903
155
161
55-1
61/
Id.
After 3rd, lid.
Sunderland,
3
196
3 mangles.
72
366
(68
154
58)
54 )■
Id.
Id.
6 steam mangles.
Oldham, .
1
20
2 electric mangles.
1 ironing-room.
13
630
07
55
2d.
2d.
Plymouth,
1
28
Mangle.
5
50
60
Id.
Id.
South Shields, .
1
40
3 mangles.
1 ironing-stove,
irons, etc.
17
426
54
54
Ud.
lid.
Tynemouth,
1
24
3 mangles.
0
66
60
Ud.
2d.
stock tou-on-
Tees,
1
28
3 box-mangles.
1 hot roller
mangle.
10
368
85
65
2d.
2d.
Bath (Baths and
Laundries
Society),
1
18
1 ironing-room.
3
181
*
»
Id.
Id.
Drying, Id, aiid 2d. per dozen.
Ironing, id. per hour.
Exeter, ,
1
19
25
296
66
66
Id. 1 2d.
Use of wringer, Jd. ; use drying-
hor.se. Id-
Keighley.i
1
13 machines
with 2 pans
each.
1 mangle.
7
263
60
60
2d.
2d.
Whitehaven, .
1
20
4 mangles.
12
619
45
45
2d., lid.
2d,, Ud.
Use of mangle. 111.
Kendal, .
1
20
1 mangling-roorn.
55
66
lid. 1 IJd.
Spenborough, .
1
2
1 steam mangle.
■2i
weekly.
*
60
60
4d. 1 4d.
Additional charges for use of
drying-horse and mangle.
Smiland—
Glasgow, .
18=
979
873
.S92
62
62
2d.
2d.
Edinburgh,
4 =
212
Mangle at one
196
923
(61
165
^W
2d.
2d.
establishment.
55 1
Dundee, .
6
249
At S establish-
233
936
82
•
2d.
2d.
ments.
Use of blanket-room, including 1
Leith (Corpora-
hydro-extractor. 2d. 1
tion Dwell-
ings), .
1
*
80 to 90
weekly. 1
«
60
60
ld.3, Free,
Id. 3, Free.
Hamilton,
1
8
1 mangle.
5
639
62
02
2d.
2d.
Perth-
Canal St.. .
1
48
2 mangles.
47
988
54
54
2d.
2d.
Charge for wash-board, 2d, exti-.'i.
Mill St,l
1
34
16
59
59
2d. 1 2d.
Drying 2d. extra.
Port Glasgow, .
1
20
19
947
62
68
Sd.
2d.
Dumfries,
1
15
Mangle.
9
BIJ
55
55
2id.
2d.
Alva,
I
*
1 mangle.
*
74
74
2d.
Id.
Ireland~-
Dnblin, .
1
20
6 mangles.
12
589
60
60
Id.
Id.
' Figures for 1916.
' Incomplete statistics.
' Two new wash.honses erected since liil3-14.
■' For outsiders.
■* Under private nianagemenl.
Public Wash-houses have been built in sixteen English provincial towns, and English
of those with over 50,000 inhabitants, Liverpool, Newcastle, and Sxuiderland ^^^^^^^^
have the most extensive provision in proportion to their respective populations.
G
50
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Scotland.
Ireland.
Advantages
oS Public
Wash-
houses.
Liverpool has several very large establishments, Manchester has provided wash-
houses of moderate size and splendidly eqiii^jped with ironing and manghng facilities,
in Keighley washing-machines have been provided. Newcastle, Whitehaven,
and Exeter have the largest attendances relative to their female population, and
the best-used individual establishments were found in Liverpool, Manchester,
Exeter and Newcastle. The fees range from Id. to 2d., which may or may not
include the use of a washing-board. Provision for mangling is almost miiversal,
and in many places there is also an ironing-room. A small additional fee is often
charged for the use of these faciUties. Soap and washing materials are always
provided by the women themselves.
In Scotland the pohcy of providing public laundry facilities for the people
has met with a large measure of success, although less is attempted than in England,
for it is unusual to find any provision for mangling or ironing. Nine towns have
provided Public Wash-houses, and there are in all thirty-nine establishments,
including two built since 1914. Pklinbm-gli and Glasgow have provided more
washing-stalls in proportion to their respective pojoulations than London, they are
better used, and in this latter respect they .compare favourably also with the great
Enghsh towns. This may be due in part to different housing conditions, and also
to social difference between North and South. In Scottish cities, respectable
women often appear to prefer the Public Wash-house, on account of its greater
conveniences and the economy effected, even where there is accommodation in
the buildings at home, and others who can afford it will pay a woman to wash
there for them, in preference to having the work done in the house. The fee is
generally 2d. an hour, and no attempt is made to penalise women who wash several
days a week.
The only PubHc Wash-house in Ireland is in Dublin, where twenty wasliing-
stalls are provided at the Public Baths Establishment. A penny an hour is charged,
and a considerable number of women make use of the facilities j^rovided.
The question as to whether the advantages afforded by PubHc Wash-houses
are sufficient to compensate for their drawbacks is one on which very widely divergent
opinions have been expressed. There can be no question in regard to their great
convenience. An abundant supply of hot water is always at hand to an extent
which is impossible in a small house ; the extractors save labour in wringing, and
the hot-air chambers make the wettest weather of no consequence so far as drying
the clothes is concerned. The result of these advantages is cleaner clothes, and
more likelihood of a frequent change. Moreover the time required for washing and
drying is so shortened as to allow of heavy things, such as bed-ticking and blankets,
being washed, properly dried, and used again at night, and in consequence, where
there is only one set of bedding, it can be kept clean. In some instances, women
say that not only is there greater convenience for washing and drying, but that
they save expense, as a large washing can be done in from two to three hours, and
they consider that the firing at home would cost more than the wash-house fees.
One advantage invariably urged by housewives themselves, is that the PubHc
Wash-house enables them to keep a tidy kitchen ; this argument would appear
to appeal with especial force to their husbands !
51
PUBLIC WASH-HOUSES
The arguments in favour of Public Wash-houses may be summarised as follows :
( 1 ) They do away with the necessity for di-ying clothes in the house.
(2) They save time, labour, and expense.
(3) This economy results in the possibihty of more washing being done than is
feasible without special appliances.
On the other hand, certain obvious objections are ui-ged which spring largely DrawbRcks.
from the deep-rooted conviction, that whatever takes a woman out of her house
may have far-reaching and luidesirable results. It is undoubtedly the case that a
good wife and mother in every rank of society usually disUkes publicity, and prefers
having a home which is self-contained, to any form of co-operation. Public Wash-
houses involve mixed company and the exposure of the small family effects to the
outer world.
The problem of what to do with childi'en below school age is a difficult one, as
they are usually excluded from the wash-house owing to the dangers connected with
macliinery. As the result of an inquiry made in Glasgow in 1913, it was found that
of 2482 mothers or guardians 2101 left their childi-en in charge of neighbours or
relatives, 43 left them at home, 43 attended after school hours when they could
leave the Uttle ones in charge of older children, 225 kept a brother or sister from
school on washing days, 2 used the day nursery, and 68 let the children " play about."
A further drawback is that the clothes must be carried some distance ; here again
the pubHcity is disUked as well as the actual labour involved. There is often a long
wait on arrival which may lead to the formation of undesirable friendships. Since
payment is by time, there is a danger of over-pressure, and the heat and steam
adversely affect women who are not strong, though in these respects a great improve-
ment is noticeable in the newer estabhshments. The charge of theft from a Public-
Wash-house is by no means uncommon, but this difficidty is also met with in tene-
ment wash-houses, and, as one superintendent pointed out, it is often made owing
to the carelessness of the washers, who will leave things about, forget them, come
back later to demand them, or assert that a garment is stolen, only to find on their
return home that they had never brought it !
The objections outlined above may be summarised as follows : —
( 1 ) The Public Wash-house brings a woman away from her home and childi'en
and involves her in a certain amount of pubHcity.
(2) The mixed company may lead to moral difficulties and increases the risk
of theft.
(3) The clothes must be carried some distance.
(4) Time is often wasted in waiting one's turn.
It is evident from the objections urged that the difficulties in connection with
Pubhc Wash-houses may be largely overcome by efficient administration. A good
superintendent, who has the support of his committee, can minimise the drawbacks
inseparable from all institutions open to the pubhc, and in many ways a woman
who makes use of municipal laundi-y facilities is more able to " keep lierself to her-
self " than one who is obhged to use the common wash-house attached to a tenement.
It is significant that women not infrequently prefer the Pubhc Wash-houses to
sharing with their immediate neighbours.
52
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
The
ProSessional
Washer-
woman at
the PubUc
Wash-house.
The question of what to do with the childien has been answered in Edinburgh
by the provision of a nursery in connection with each wash-house, with an attendant
in charge ; here again, it is useless to supply the room, unless those who have personal
knowledge of the mother can persuade her of its value, and closer co-operation
between those engaged in social work, officials, and teachers is often needed. In one
London borough a nursery was provided, but given up as the mothers took no
advantage of it ; in another the PubUc Wash-house was next door to an infant
weKare centre, but no co-ordination had been attempted.
The difficulty of carrying the clothes is lessened by wise distribution of buildings
in the ceiatres of the districts where they are most needed. In a Glasgow census
taken in 1892 it was found that of 546 women who made use of Gorbals Wash-house,
286 hved within the quarter-mile radius, 74 within the half-mile, and only 37 bej'ond
it. The pohcy of granting free tram-passes may be criticised on the gi-ound that
each wash-house should be so situated as to serve the needs of the immediate
neighbourhood, and that the entry of women from a distance may lead to over-
crowding, and exclude those who have first claim. Difficulties in regard to noisy
machinery and lack of ventilation disappear as knowledge increases and more
modern methods are adopted.
Very different opinions are expressed on the question of Professional Washer-
women. In England a higher scale of charges is often imposed each hour, in order
that women who make or add to theii- hving may not take advantage of pubUc
facihties and so come into competition \vith private enterprise. In Scotland no
limit is set to the number of houi's a woman may wash at the usual fee, and some
do so for several days a week. It is evident that certain classes in the community
are unable to wash for themselves — e.g. widowers, women who work till after the
wash-houses are closed at night, and lodgers — and it not infrequently happens that
the housewife is unfit to manage a large family M"ashing. In these cases the washer-
woman fills a real need ; she can show from her ticket the time taken over the work
and the money owing to her, and the clothes are washed in sanitary surroundings.
On the other hand, where the laundry accommodation is insufficient for a district,
the presence of the regidar washer may crowd out the housewife. The obvious
remedy in this case is more accommodation. If the object of the Pubhc Wash-
houses is to provide a means whereby clothes may be washed clean under suitable
conditions, there would seem no reason why the housewife should be privileged in
comparison with the classes cited above who are already obhged to pay for labour.
In Perth the wash-houses are open late two nights a week to meet the needs of
factory workers, and this extension of time is fully taken advantage of.
General Conclusions
(1) Although every house should possess facihties for light laundry woik, it
is undesirable that heavy washing should be done in small houses, both on account
of the lack of convenience, and the damp and steam associated with drying.
(2) The common wash-house shared by several tenants is open to grave objection
and is a source of friction, owing to the lack of superintendence.
(3) Public Wash-houses meet an obvious need, as is evident from the use made
53
PUBLIC WASH-HOUSES
of them. They shoiild be easily accessible and not too large, though sufficiently
so to allow of effective superintendence. Wherever possible the women should have
the opportimity of using labour-saving apparatus, e.g. washing-machines, hydro-
extractors, and steam mangles ; since hot-air chambers camiot keep the clothes as
good a colour as sunhght, open diying spaces are a valuable asset. Unless proper
arrangements are available either at the wash-house itseK or at a day-nm-sery in the
vicinity, mothers with young children are not satisfactorily provided for. Where
a wash-house is constantly over-crowded, and its use involves long waiting, the most
respectable women wiU tend to stay away.
The success of a PubHc Wash-house wiU depend upon education in its value,
and upon the extent to which the management are able by their efficiency to disarm
prejudice.
Importance
of provision
for recrea-
tion.
Swirainin?
Jor boys
and girls.
Opinions oi
social
workers.
SECTION IV
SWIMMING BATHS
The Valxte of Swimming Facilities
One of the most serious problems which face those wlio labom- for the social better-
ment of our great cities, is that of providing wholesome recreation for young people
who have left school, and become wage earners while the instmcts for play are still
strong and require direction into suitable channels. Generally speaking, wherever
self-activity is developed as the result of recreation, foundations of future happiness
are being laid ; where, on the contrary, play resolves itself into a passive dependence
on " amusements " the appetite for enjojonent increases, as the capacity for it
grows less. Boys and guls should be actors rather than spectators, and the ■wisest
policy on then' behalf is not to provide entertainment, but to give such training
and opportunity as will enable them to entertain themselves.
Among the forms of I'ecreation which arc possible under cramped conditions,
swimming necessarily occupies a very higli place. It is recognised as a first-rate
physical exercise oAving to the muscular training it affords, and the tonic effect of
contact with cold water. It calls for a certain amount of pluck and endiu^ance, and,
where water-polo is possible, it possesses the further advantages claimed for organised
games. In a previous section of this report reference was made to Dr. Stanley
Hall's verdict, that "for boys and guls too much can hardly be said m favour of
cold baths and swimming." The value of this recreation has long been recognised
by those who deal much with young men and boys ; the Oxford House includes a
swimming bath among its early activities in Bethnal Gieen, and a sidelight is thrown
on this aspect of the case in a recently published account of Father Stanton's work
in Holborn. " Stanton asked me what I could do to help the young fellows; I
suggested either boxing or swimming, and we decided on the latter. I used to
take a party of the very dh'tiest you can imagine two or three times a week to the
Baths."
The following quotations are typical of almost unanimously favourable opinions
expressed by social workers in widely different localities.
" As a means of learning and practising swimming, enjo3dng a healthy form of exercise
and recreation, and aiding personal cleanliness, swimming baths are regarded, mthout
exception, as a most valuable and important asset m the neighbourhood — an asset which
many thinli would probably increase in value if the charges were decreased by 50 per
cent." (London.)
" They are undoubtedly a most valuable asset, and the only pity is that there are not
more of them in this extensive and crowded Borough." (London.)
"The value of swimming baths is recognised on all hands. (Jertain working girls'
1^:,. f..Ni#*W
-MEN t> OPKN-AIK .SWIMMING BA 1 H, KKND'.S MKADUVV, HKADING
X
a
a
A
■J
56
SWIMmNG BATHS
and boys' clubs have found extreme difficulty in securing an hour after working houis for
club use ; there is no doubt that one great problem is that except for cliildren in schools
the whole demand is in the Umited number of evening hours after work." (Bristol.)
" The swimming baths are very greatly used by men — factory workers, shop assistants,
etc., etc." (Guildford.)
" It is the opinion of those who have done social work in this district for many years
that such an estabUshment would be a valuable asset." (Gla.sgow.)
The importance of swimming is not to be measui-ed only in terms of recreation. Life-saving,
Every year a considerable number of persons in the United Kingdom lose their
lives under circumstances whei'e a knowledge of swimming would have saved
them, and every year a certain number are pulled out of the water by those who
have learned and practised " life-saving." Although we are an island nation, and
many of our industries are closely connected with water dangers, e.g. fishing, navi-
gation, working in docks, numbers of boys leave school with no idea of how to
swim or of what to do for others in case of accident . Lessons on the theory of what
to do are almost valueles.s ; the childi'en can only learn by systematic practice in
the water. The Royal Life-Saving Society has done valuable work in encouiaging
thorough teaching of this branch of swimming by its system of examination for
certificates.
Covered Swimmeng Baths
Since the passing of the 1878 Act the demand for swimming facilities appears
to have grown steadily. Large numbers of children are now admitted to the
swimming baths free, or for a nominal sum, but the increase m the number of
swimmers appears to be due also to the crowds of young people who form clubs
and go in the evening after work and on holidays.
Particulars in regard to the use made of Public Swimming Baths by j'oung
people is given in the case ot 4 towns for which figures are available. The Birmingham
and St. Helens figures are for juveniles under 17 and 18 years of age respectively.
Increase
in use ol:
swimming
tacilities.
Table to illustrate the number of Juvenile Swimmers in certain Towns.
Year 1913-1914.
JUVESILE BaTKEBS' TICKETS.
Eleuentary
School
Children.
Total.
Percentaoe
to Total
Class I. Class 11.
Bathers.
Islington, .... 17,028 45,400
Binninghani, . . . 36,455 146,088
St. Helens, . . . . , * *
Baciip, ' 866 6,917
178,713
285,303
*
5.032
241,141
467,846
48.840
14,378
61
59
67
61
* Incomplete statistics.
In the City of London over a million more swimming tickets were issued in
1914 than in 1905, i.e. 4,445,729 as against 3,277,160, although there has been no
increase in population ; in Bradford the number of admissions for swimming
trebled between 1901 and 1914, i.e. from 62,319 to 212,783, and in addition to this the
number of free admissions rose from 8825 to 128,609 ; in Burnley the total number of
bathers m 1888 was given as 28,667, m 1908 as 81,879, while in 1913-14 the admissions
56
Conditions
on which the
number of
bathers
depends.
Present
position in
regard to
swimming
accommoda-
tion, and the
use made
oHt.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
for swimming alone numbered 164,884. Even when the rise in population is allowed
for, these figures are sufficiently remarkable, and although they must be considered
as exceptional rather than typical, reports received from other towns show that the
increase is by no means confined to one or two localities.
The conditions upon which the apparent success or failure of municipal
swimming baths depends are so complex that great care must be exercised in
drawing any comparison between different towns. In replies received from councils
who maintain no swimming baths, it is sometimes stated that the necessity for
them does not exist, owing to the good provision made by a neighbouring authority,
and reference to the distribution map shows, that where several towns are in close
proximity, bathing facilities may be limited to one of the group. Under these
circumstances the figures for the one town will appear inflated, as it is serving a
larger population than that indicated in the tables. Again, seaside places may show
attendance figures which are out of all proportion to their population, and due
to the large influx of summer visitors. On the other hand, towns which have
built swimming baths in connection with their schools for the exclusive use of
children, may show smaller figures than those which provide instruction for their
childi'en in the PubUc Baths only. The size of the baths provided will affect the
number of bathers, for a single establishment contaming a very fine swimming
pond may attract many more swimmers than two establishments at each of which
there is a pond suitable for learners only. The locality in which baths are situated,
theu- position in regard to car lines and main thoroughfares, and their external
appearance may all be factors in attracting or repelling custom. The number of
hours worked durmg the week, the period of the year dming which they are open,
and the fees charged may affect the attendance. Moreover, in analysing the figures
for the several establishments in a large town, or comparing smaller places one
with another, the large part played by the personal factor should never be over-
looked. An enthusiastic committee and superintendent, acting in co-operation
with club secretaries, teachers and social workers, may set all the young people in
the district swimming, whereas where the management is slack and the leaders
of public opmion uninterested, enthusiasm is diverted into other channels.
The following tables summarise the present position in specified towns, which
are grouped in order of population. For fuller information reference should be
made to the Appendices, and as a general rule those places are selected which
provide covered swimming baths, as the provision of open-air facUities is^dealt
with later.
T.4BI.E IX. A
57
SWIMMING BATHS
TABLE IX. A
Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of
them in 18 Metropolitan Boroughs. Year 1913-1914.
Popula-
tion
(1911
Census).
OOOs.
NUMBKR
Of
Establisli-
raents Willi
awiinniiii^'
Batlis.
Nl'MBKU
Of !
Baths. 1
N'UMIiKH
of
Bathers
OOOs.
AlTKND-
ASCE
per 1000
of Popula-
tion.
llATIO or WO.MKS
TO Mkn.
Men. Wunii-ii.
Batteisea, ....
1.
168
2.
3. j
4.
6.
1535
6. 7.
2
7
257
100 26
Bermondsey,
Camberwell,
126
261
•>
3
4
6
182
295
1447
1130
100 32
100 37
Chelsea, .
66
1
•>
103
1546
100 65
Deptford,
Fulham, .
109
153
1
1
2
3
97
174
884
1138
100 29
100 40
Hackney,
Hammersmith.
223
122
1
1
3
197
132
884
1089
100 41
100 33
Holborn,
49
1
o
138
2801
100 *
Islington,
327
3
10
394
1203
100 45
Lewisham,
161
2
4
144
894
100 40
Poplar, .
162
3
5
138
849
100 *
St. Pancras,
218
3
8
282
1293
100 36
1 Shoreditch.
111
2
3
230
2060
100 27
I Stepney, .
Wandsworth.
280
311
•>
1
4
173
138
620
443
100 *
100 39
Westminster.
160
3
6
270
1686
100 18
Woolwich,
1
121
2
4
139
1145
100 *
The provision for swimming in London has generally been made by building one
or two very big establishments ; these may contain as many as four swimming baths
which are often exceptionally large. This policy is well exemplified by Islington,
where there are only 3 establishments, but 1 0 s^vimming baths with a total area of
over half an acre.
TABLE IX. B
Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them in
Towns with a population of over 200,000. Year 1913-1914
[Figures f 01
fort
itnotith were
not given
in xiipicieitt detail for in
elusion.)
Popula-
tion (1911
Census).
OOOs.
NUMBEK
of Estab-
lishments
with
Swimming
Baths.
Number of
Baths.
Nl'MBER
Of
Bathers.
OOOS.
Attend-
ance
per 1000
of Popula-
tion.
Ratio of
W0.MES to Men".
Covered. OK™-
Men.
Women.
Birmingham ....
1.
840 1
2.
14
3. '4.
20 3
5.
6.
7.
8.
23
882
1050
100
Liverpool, S.
Manchester
746
714
15
15
22 4
32 1
1327
1411
1778
1975
100
100
10
25
Sheffield »
455
8
9 2
552
1213
100
22
Leed.*; .
446
8
13
335
752
100
*
Bristol, S.
357
10
7 5
256
718
100
18
West Ham
289
O
3
217
752
100
30
Bradford,^ S.
288
13
13
425
1473
100
27
Kingston-upon-HuU
1 278
5
7 2
2943
1057^
100
26 »
Newcastle
' 267
5
8
252
944
1(K)
10
Nottingham, S.
260
3
5
210
809
100
25
Stoke-on-Trent
235
5
10
161
686
100
*
Salford .
231
5
11
296
1281
100
32
Leicester
227
7
8 2
236
1039
100
*
Incomplete statistics. ' Several baths cloaeil dining part of year for alterations
Figures for 1914-1915. ■' Exclusive of figures for King George V. Fielil Bath.
S denotes that school baths are provided iit addition to public facilitie.H.
t By Birmingham (Extension) Order, lull.
H
58
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
The above Table shows that Salford and Bradford have proportionately more
baths than Manchester, but it should be recognised that Manchester has, in point of
fact, made more extensive provision, as its baths are larger. It should be repiem-
bered that Liverpool provides in addition school swimming baths under the control
of the Education Committee. The Birmingham (Extension) Order, 1911, by which
outlying districts were included and the population raised from 523,833 to 840,202,
should be taken into account in considering its figures in relation to those of other
places, and also the fact that its swimming baths are exceptionally large. West Ham
has made comparatively small provision, but this may be in part accounted for by the
fact that it has followed the common London practice of building a few very large
baths ; these are used so much, however, that over-crowdmg in summer time would
appear to be an inevitable consequence. Reference to Appendix I shows that the
great towns iiave adopted varying policies in the piovision of swimming accommo-
dation. Birmingham has built a number of very fine large baths at different points
in the city. Liverpool provides a certam number of large baths, but also smaller
ponds especially suitable for boys and girls, in addition to its school swimming baths.
Manchester possesses several very fine baths suitable for galas, and a number of rather
smaller ones which are well distributed over the city. In Bradford there is a large
central swimming bath, six smaller district baths, and six baths attached to the schools
but used by the general public except during school hours, in addition to provision
exclusively for school children.
TABLE IX. C
Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them in
21 Towns with a population of 100,000-200,000. Year 1913-1914.
, POPULA- j
NllMBEK
Nl'MliER OF
NU.MBER
AnEND-
Eaiio of
j
TION (1911
ofEstab.
Baths.
Of
ANTE
Women to Men.
Census).
lishments
with
-
liathers.
per 1000
or Popula-
OOOs.
Swimming
Bath.^.
Covered.
;iir.
OOOS.
tion.
Men.
Women.
1.
Cardifi 182
Z.
3.
^*-
6.
6.
7.
8.
3
1
132
724
100
*
Croydon
170
3
4
1
167
986
100
*
Willesden
154
2
2
49
320
100
*
Sunderland .
151
1
I
63
416
100
*
Tottenham
137
.>
O
1
116
846
100
27
East Ham
133
2
1
1
154
1151
100
«
Brighton, S. .
131
1
1
50
381
100
27
Birkenhead. S.
131
.-)
3
120
915
100
11
Leyton .
125
1
•>
128
1027
100
29
Walthamstow
125
1
1
71
569
100
31
Derby .
123
4
3
3
152
1235
100
*
1 Southampton
119
1
3
93
783
100
*
j Preston
117
2
2
1
120
1029
100
*
' Gateshead
117
1
1
, ,
29
251
100
6
Stockport
10',)
O
4
. .
69
632
100
18
South Sliields
109
1
1
. .
69
639
100
19
Huddersfield .
108
2
2
65
602
100
*
Coventry
106
1
3
99
933
100
31
Burnley
106
3
4
165
1551
100
12
Middlesbrough
105
1
1
40
377
100
5
Halifax
102
2
4
76
745
100
35
* Incomplete statistics,
denotes that school b.iths are proviileil in addition to public facilities.
59
SWIMMING BATHS
Generally speaking, towns with a population of between 100,000 and 200,000
make less provision for swimming in proportion to their numbers than the larger
cities, but Derby, Burnley and Stockport compare well with them. Burnley and
Derby have very high attendance figiu-es, which in the latter case may be in part
attributed to free bathing in open-air baths. In East Ham there is probably over-
crowding, although the baths are very large. Middlesbrough and Walthamstow
make little provision for swimming. An interesting comparison can again be
drawn between Walthamstow and Leyton, as the latter makes twice the provision
of the former, and this is used by about twice the number of bathers ; it is possible
that the lower figure for swimming at Walthamstow is due to inferior provision,
as the number of bathers in the one swimming bath provided, is an exceptionally
high one.
TABLE IX. D
Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them in
19 Towns with a population of 50,000-100,000. Year 1913-1914.
Popula-
Number
Number ok
Number
Attend-
Ratio op I
tion (1911
of Estab-
Baths.
of
ance
Women
TO Men.
Census).
lishments
Bathers.
per 1000
with
of Popula.
OOOS.
Swimming
Baths.
Covered.
Open-
air.
OOOS.
tion.
Men.
Women.
St. Helena ....
1.
97
2.
3.
4;
5.
6.
7.
8.
1
2
72
751
100
26
Wolverhampton
95
1
2
62
648
100
17
Rochdale ....
91
2
3
59
649
100
20
Northampton, S. .
1 90
3
5
513
5696
100
*
Wigan
1 89
1
3
87
976
100
8
Wallasey ....
79
1^
21
126
1609
100
35
Warrington ....
72
1
4
32
437
100
22
Smethwick ....
71
I
2
42
591
100
20
Bootle
70
2
2
1
75
1076
100
29
Tynemouth - .
59
1
1
151
2666
100
18
Blackpool ....
58
1
1
41
705
100
22
Acton .....
57
1
2
72
1247
100
33
Enfield
56
1
1
6
105
100
9
Wimbledon ....
55
1
1
69
1260
100
*
Stockton-on-Tees .
52
1
1
65
1051
100
24
Wakefield ....
52
1
1
29
564
100
9
Dudley
51
1
2
34
674
100
*
Swindon (G.W.R. Coy. Medical
Fund)
51
1
2
38
756
100
*
Barnsley ....
51
1
•■>
43
849
100
22
* Incomplete statistics.
^ In addition to open bathing stations.
- Leased to Amateur Club, who work on voluntary principles for the encouragement of swimming.
S denotes that school baths are provided in addition to public facilities.
Towns with under 100,000 inhabitants have rarely more than one covered bath
establishment, which may be of either the small or large type, containing one or
two swimming baths respectively. Municipal provision for open-air bathing in
addition to this is unusual. Northampton and Tynemouth, which provide open-
air baths only, have very high attendance figures ; in the latter case the bath is
managed by a club, by arrangement with the Local Authority, and a great deal of
voluntary work is done for the encouragement of swimming. Wallasey provides
60
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
five free bathmg stations in addition to its swimming bat lis, and the latter are
very largely used. As has been already pointed out, places which possess seaside
or river attractions, and are situated in the vicinity of large towns, probably owe
a good deal of their custom to visitors. Acton and Wimbledon both make good
provision which is well used. Stockton-on-Tee.'< and Wakefield make much the
same provision, but at the latter there are only about half the number of bathers,
as compared mth those at Stockton. The fact that the Wakefield swimmmg bath
was built as long ago as 1875, that it is open for fewer hours a week, and that only
a negUgible number of women make any use of it, may help to account for the
different results achieved. Warrington is another instance of old swimming baths
which now appear to be comparatively little used.
TABLE IX. E
Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them in
29 Towns with a population of 20,000-50,000. Year 1913-1914.
Wood Green .
Burton-upon-Tient
Heston and Islewortli
Stretford
Eccles .
Wallsend
Batley .
Maidstone
Macclesfield
Richmond
Beckenhani
Swinton and Pendlebury
Shrewsbury
Reigate
Chadderton
Fain worth
Middleton
Heywood
Stalybridgo
Radcliffe
Colne
Kidderminster
Guildford
Stafford
Castleford
Loughborouj
Bacup .
Goole .
Newcastle-under-Lyrae
Popula-
tion (1911
f'piisus).
Number
of Estab-
lislimentR
with
Swimming
HaUis
NUMBBR OF
B \TH.S.
Nl'MBEB
Of
Bathers.
OOOS.
Attexd.
ANCE
per 1000
of Popula-
tion.
Ratio of
WnME.s TO Men.
OOOS.
Covered.
Open-
air.
Men.
Women.
1.
2.
2
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
49
1
1
68
1380
100
*
48
I
2
34
709
100
32
43
2
3
28
648
100
45
42
2
4
94
2211
100
43
42
1
49
1157
100
23
41
1
, ,
27
645
100
9
36
2
. ,
39
1076
100
*
35
2
35
993
100
*
35
2
25
705
100
*
33
2
73
2194
100
35
32
1
1
59
1869
100
38
31
1
33
1079
100
23
29
2
44
1511
100
23
29
1
, .
14
504
100
37
28
I
1
31
1098
100
31
28
1
27
949
100
26
28
1
, ,
18
653
100
22
27
1
. ,
23
844
100
35
27
2
32
1203
100
16
26
1
31
1182
100
27
26
21
, ,
36
1415
100
27
24
1
1
21
852
100
*
24
1
23
951
100
*
23
2
26
1126
100
*
23 2
2
41
1780
100
29
23
1
23
988
100
*
22
2
, ,
23
1051
100
23
20
1
, ,
12
583
100
*
20 =
2
39
1917
100
31
' \ for uhiUlrt'ii only.
Incomplete statistics.
- Also serves outlying Uiatricts.
61
SWBIMING BATHS
TABLE IX. F
Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them in
20 Towns with a population of below 20,000. Year 1913-1914.
Popula-
Number
Number of Number
Attend-
Ratio of
tion (1911
of Estab-
Baths. ' of
ance
Women to Men.
Censvis),
lishments
with
Bathei-s.
per lOOO
01 Popula-
I
Swimming
Open-
air. OOOs.
tion.
■
OOOS.
Baths.
Covered.
Men.
Women.
1.
2.
3,
i. 5.
6.
7.
8.
Whitehaven ....
19
13
671
100
*
Atherton
19
. , 20
1073
100
22
Wrexham
18
13
729
100
4
Altrinchani .
18
60
3391
100 ! 40
Stourbridge .
17 1
'. 23
1357
100 23
Royton .
17
19
1090
100
31
Tyldesley
16
21
1348
100
20
Crompton
13
1 1 .
21
1401
100
15
Margam
15
1 1
12
803
100
6
Featherstone .
14
18
1275
100
25
Beverley
14
9
631
100
*
East Retford .
13
19
1403
100 ' 26
Hinckley
13
17
1335
100 1 *
Sowerby Bridge
11
19
1650
100
30
Winsford
11
13
1239
100
19
Sittingboiirne
81
1
. , 13
1553
100
55
Dorking
8
14
1804
100
24
Saffron Walden
6
5
997
100
35
Halstead
6
1 1
14
2640
100 *
Slaithwaite .
6
12
2222
100
*
* Incomplete statistics.
^ Also serves outlying districts.
A number of the .smaller towns which have made provision for swimming con-
pare favourably in every respect with the large places. The swdmming baths
provision made by comparatively small places in Yorkshire and Lancashire points
to considerable public interest, and may also be accounted for by the fact that
there is not the same opportunity for open-air bathing and recreation, as in the
more rural surroundings of the South. Owing to the close proximity of the towns,
one bath establishment may draw considerable custom from outlying places which
have not themselves made any provision.
Table IX. G,
62
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE IX. G
Showing the provision of Public Swimming Baths and the use made of them in
13 Scottish Burghs. Year 1913-1914.
Popula-
Number
NU-MBER OP
NuMBEK
Attend-
Ratio of
tion (1911
of Estab-
Baths.
of
ance
Women to Men
Census).
lishments
with
B.nthers.
per 1000
of Popula-
000s. !
Swimming
Baths.
covered. «£-■
OOOb.
tion.
Men.
Women.
Glasgow, S. .
i 1-
2.
3. 4.
5.
6.
7. 8.
' 1011
11
17 1
851
841
100
14
Edinburgh, S.
320
5
7
334
1044
100
26
Aberdeen, S. .
164
1
1
109
665
100
16
Leith, S.
80
I
1 : ••
61
760
100
10
Hamilton
1 39
1
1 ..
114
2943
100
*
Clydebank
38
1
1
55
1456
100
Perth .
36
1
2
38
1051
100
26
Dunfermline '
28
2
2
86
3072
100
39
Port Glasgow
Peterhead
18
14
1
1
1
1 1
23
12
1300
910
100
100
*
Alloa .
12
1
1 ..
18
1506
100
Forfar .
11
1
1 ..
18
1648
100
Alva
4
1
1 ..
4
935
100
* Incomplete statistics.
' Under the management of the Carnegie Dunfermline Trust.
S denotes that school baths are provided in addition to public facilities.
Neither Edinbm-gh nor Glasgow makes provision for swimming to the same-
extent as the great English towns, but in both there are excellent school swimming
baths. Judging from the use made of existing facilities, Aberdeen and Hamilton
would appear to need more provision. In the smaller towns there is often satis-
factory provision, of which good use is being made. The high figure of bathers
per 1000 for HamQton and Dunfermline is probably due in part to an influx from
the surrounding districts.
TABLE IX. H
Showing the provision of Pubhc Swimming Baths and the use made of
them in Belfast and Dublin. Year 1913-1914.
Popula-
tion
(1911
Census).
OOOS.
1.
Number
of
Establish-
ments with
Swimming
Baths.
2-
Number
of
Baths.
3.
8
2
NUMBKR
Of
Bathi-is.
000s.
i.
Attexd-
DANCE
per 1000
of Popula-
tion.
5.
563
251
Ratio of Women
to Men.
Men. Women.
6- J_!-__
100 6
100 , 2
Belfast,
Dublin
387
305
4
1
218
76
Although Belfast makes considerable provision for swimming, the number of
those who avail themselves of it is small in comparison with that of English and
Scottish towns. In Dublin fm-ther provision appears needful.
The ratio of women to men shown in the foregoing tables is a low one. It
is highest in one or two of the London baths, e.g. Chelsea, where it is probably due
63
SWIMMING BATHS
to good provision ; in industrial towns, e.g. Stretford and Altrincham, and in one or use of
two residential places, e.g. Sittingbourne and Richmond, where there are a good swimming
many women living at home under conditions in which they are free to use the baths nj^n ^nd
during the day time. The ratio is low in shipping centres where men's industries women
predommate, e.g. Liverpool, Newcastle, Birkenhead, Gateshead, and Middlesbrough
have the lowest figure for the great towns ; in the case of Gateshead and Middles-
brough the general provision is also poor. In Scotland the ratio of women to
men is highest in Dunfermline. In Dublin and Belfast it is exceedingly low.
Several factors may contribute to account for the unequal use of baths by men
and women respectively, some of them inherent in the nature of things, others
more or less artificial.
Where a ladies' bath exists it is usually poor in comparison with the men's,
and often too small to attract enthusiastic swimmers ; where, on the other hand,
the baths are used by both sexes respectively, at different hours, the rule is to give
women and girls only a smaU proportion of time, with little or no opportunity for
bathing on Saturdays or holidays. Moreover, although girls have less money at
their disposal and the provision made for them is inferior, they are usually asked
to pay equal, or in several cases higher fees than men and boys, and they have to
meet additional expense in the matter of costumes and caps. From the point of
view of the management a ladies' bath gives more trouble than a man.'s. The water
is more quickly fouled by nap from the costumes, and by stray hairs, unless what
should be the invariable rule in regard to the wearing of caps is rigorously enforced.
The dressing accommodation required is more elaborate, e.g. whereas superin-
tendents sometimes prefer a second-class bath with no doors to the dressing-boxes,
on account of the ease with which they may be supervised and cleaned, this anange-
ment entails the erection of ciutains if the bath is to be used for women and girls.
Dressing and undressing both take longer and are more troublesome in the case of
girls, and the difficulties involved in hair drying are considerable, and constitute one
of the chief objections to swimming where no proper provision for this is made.
In the American Report issued by the Bureau of Labor, reference is made to
a ■ ■ hair-di-ying room" for women; and the question is now receiving attention
on the part of several baths committees in this country. In many cases girls are
too tired after a day's work in the factory for recreation which involves them in
so much exertion as swimming, but it is noticeable that clubs have been formed
successfully, and a welfare worker consulted was siurprised to find on inquiry that
fifty out of the fom- hundred girls under her charge went to the pubHc baths. In
Edinburgh, where free passes are granted to Continuation Class scholars, many
girls take advantage of them.
In the nature of things, fewer women and girls would avail themselves of
swimming facUities than men, even if equal opportiuaities were granted ; theii'
■free time " is less free, and home claims and duties tend to make them give up
swimming at an earlier age. There seems, however, no doubt that with better
provision, and increased interest on the part of those who have their welfare at
heart, more could be done in many places than is the case at present.
In certain towns mixed bathing has recently been introduced. Ancient and
baths.
64
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
mediaeval experience points to the necessity for strict supervision vvlieie tiub is
practised. The regulations enforced in the Manchester Baths are appended at
the end of this section as indicating possible methods of procedure.
First and Owing to the complexity of interacting factors, e.g. the free admission of school
second class uhildi-eu, tlie aiTangements made for women, and the reduction of fees for club
members and season and book-ticket holders, a general table showing the use made
of 1st and 2nd class baths would be misleaduig. Moreover, the question as to what
constitutes a 1st class bath is decided on luies which vary very considerably. In
some places it is usual to provide separate baths for the different classes, in addition
to accommodation for women, in others the 1st and 2nd class baths are used at
different hours by men and women respectively. An establishment with one bath
only may be open to 1st class bathers on days when fresh water has been let into
the pond, and to the 2nd class at other times. In cases where the water is
filtered and always in precisely the same condition, the distinction between 1st
and 2nd class may be a purely social one, decided by arranging higher fees for
certain houi's and days. Where this arrangement obtains the bather does not
pay for a superior bath or for cleaner water, but for freedom from overcrowding.
Reference to Appendix I shows that while many of the largest towiis charge
only 4d. for a 1st class bath, it is also a common practice to provide a swimming
bath at 6d. in one or two central establishments, while retaining the 4d. charge in
the others. The usual fee charged for admission to 2nd class baths is 2d., but
special concessions are always made for season and book-ticket holders, clubs,
and children, and in Manchester, Sheffield, Bradford, and Leicester there are
swimming baths mth an admission fee of Id. only. The usual charges in London
are 6d. and 2d.
Very large numbers avail themselves of the opportunity for cheap bathing,
in Sheffield, where the distinction between classes is determined by the condition
of the water, 72 per cent, of the bathers go on the Id. days and only 28 per cent,
on the 2d., and the same readiness to take advantage of the cheapest possible
facUities is seen in Manchester.
In places other than the largest towns, Gd. and 3d. are often charged for a
1st or 2nd class swim respectively. No tow\\ appears to charge 8d., the sum men-
tioned ui tlie 1S7S Act Schedule as the maximum fee for a 1st class swim, but it
is open to quet^tion whether those who want a 1st class bath will not pay 6d. as
readily as M. for it.
In Scotland it is quite usual to hiid no distinction between classes, and a fee
of 3d. or 2d. with, in some cases, a reduction for clubs.
The necessity for arrangements whereby every bather enters the bath clean
caimot be too strongly emphasised, for reasons which are explamed in the section
of this Report which deals with the sanitation of swimming ponds. In one or two
instances, private baths, consisting of a shower and foot bath, have been so placed
that bathers can proceed straight from them to their swim, and there can be little
question that this is the ideal arrangement . In other cases, showers for common
use are provided, and deep foot baths in whicli bathers can actually sit and wash.
This practice of lounging in a steaming atmosphere, in hot water which is fouled
65
SWIMl^IING BATHS
by other bathers, should be prohibited. It is likely to bring the baths into dis-
repute with more fastidious customers, especially as the water is often indescrib-
ably diily o\^'ing to the numbers who use it. Shallow foot baths slightly raised
from the ground-level, so that the bather stands with one foot only in the bath,
will prevent such facilities being monopolised as private baths. The problem of
how to deal with uncleanly persons who wish to swim is one of the most difficult
in baths management, but its solution would appear to lie in a clear distinction
between washing and swimming, and in adequate individual provision for the
former. Fortunately the swimming bath in which the cleansing faciUties consist
of ■■ a bucket and soap if absolutely necessary " is now becoming obsolete.
TABLE X
Showing the use made of Covered Swimming Baths in Winter in 16 Metropolitan
Boroughs and in 58 English Towns of over 50,000 Inhabitants. Year 1913-1914.
Name of Town.
i Open.
Gym-
nasium.
Hall.
Closed.
Name of Town.
Open.
Gym-
nasium.
Hall.
Closed.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
London —
Battersea .
. ,
6
Walthamsto^-
, ,
1
Camberwell
6
Derby .
2
1
Chelsea .
2
Southampton
2
Fulham
V
1
1
Preston
0
Hackney .
1
Gateshead .
1
Hammersmith .
1
Stockport
4
Hampstead
3
South Shields
1
Holbom
2
, ,
Huddersfield
2
Islington .
9
■•
1
Coventry
1
2
Kensington
2
2
Burnley
4
Lewisham
2
2
Middlesbrough
1
Poplar
5
Halifax
4
St. Panoras
5
1
1
1
St. Helens .
2
. .
Shoreditch
1
1
]
Wolverhampton .
2
Stepney .
2
1
i-
Walsall
2
Westminster
6^
Rochdale
1
2
Birmingham
2
V
9
8
Wigan
3
Liverpool
1
3
18
Newport
1
1
Manchester .
32
York . .
i
2
Sheffield
8
1
Wallasey
2
Leeds .
4
1
8
Reading
1
1
West Hani
2
I
Warrington .
4
Bradford ^
5
1
1
Smethwick .
. ,
2
Hull .
3
I
Bootle
2
Newcastle
1
Edmonton .
1
1
Nottingham .
Barrow-in-Furness
1
Stoke-on-Trent .
10
Bury .
3
Salford
11
Blackpool
1
Leicester
g
.■)
Acton .
1
1
Cardiff
1
Enfield
1
Bolton
, ,
Darlington .
1
Sunderland .
. .
Wimbledon .
1
Oldham
Stockton-on-Tees .
1
Tottenham .
1
Dudley
2
East Ham
1
Swindon
2
Brighton
Birkenhead .
Leyton
••
1
3
Barnsley
2
2
1 167
20
66
86
I Fignres for 1914-1915.
I
66
The nse of
swimming
baths in
winter.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Table X. gives some indication of the use made of covered swimming baths in
the large English towns during tlie winter. About half the total number are kept
open throughout the year, or only closed for a few weeks for necessary repairs ;
of the other half, many are structurally unsuitable for any purpose but that of
swimming, as thej^ cannot be altered so as to conform with the local regulations
for places of public amusement ; others have been built so that they may be floored
over in winter and used as halls or gymnasia. At Birmingham several baths are
lent without charge for heating, lighting, and staff to the Social Institutes Committee,
a voluntary association whicli has organised social clubs on a large scale, and these
appear to be doing valuable work. Kensington and Lej^on each converts a swim-
ing bath into a rifle range. Derby makes use of the Eeginald Street establishment
as a skating-rink, and in other cases the buildings are so planned as to be suitable
for Badminton, concerts, dances, or cinematograph entertainments.
In the smaller places, out of 122 swimming baths, 55 are kept open usually
for shorter hours or for part of the week only, 49 are closed, and hi the following
places use is made of one or more as a hall or gymnasium : —
Halls
Luton.
Cheltenham .
Brentford.
Heston and Isle-
worth.
Worthing (rifle range).
Gymnasia
Leamington.
Featherstone.
Selby.
Margam.
Cheltenham (Bad-
minton).
Bacup.
Oswestrj\
Richmond (Bad-
minton).
Featherstone.
Sower by Bridge.
Penarth.
In Scotland it is the usual practice to keep the baths open throughout the year.
In Ireland three are used as gymnasia, two are closed, and six remain open.
Thfe relative drawbacks or advantages attached to the various uses to which
swimming baths are put in winter, depend largely on the existing provision of
buildings suitable for popular recreation. To keep baths open for swimming, in-
volves heavy expenditure on heating the water and keeping the establishment in
order for a limited number of entlnisiasts ; moreover, like other forms of sport,
swimming is seasonal, and more likely to be appreciated if facihties for it are not
easily available at aU times. On the other hand, it may be urged that in the winter
evenings a good deal of serious work in teaching and practising life-saving can be
done, and that a well-lighted, cheerful establishment for swimming is a counter-
attraction to less dosu'able forms of amusement. Machinery which is not in constant
use is apt to deteriorate, and — a more serious objection — any system wliich involves
the emplojmaent of a number of temporary hands, as opposed to tliat of a regular
staff who can grow thoroughly interested in their work, is imlikely to meet with
success. Where the Management have in view the importance of centres for
recreation where yoimg people can amuse themselves, the conversion of s^vimming
baths into gymnasia or halls whicli can be made use of by voluntary associations,
may serve a most valuable puipose ; in other cases the baths are let as places of
entertainment, with a view to effecting a reduction on the heavj' deficit incurred
during the summer.
Map of the United Kingdom to illustrate the
Distribution of Open Air Baths in Relation to Temperature
OKKNKV I" ^
y.iianildsha
^Sanda.
• OPEN AIR BATHS
Temperature Colouring
ABovc so' Fahr.
I 48' TO 50' ..
. T.ry
\a
rMivHO''
« wnS^T*^"^ - >-«wr? ,--'■> ?,.™,nj('
, , • . 9rnr.W«
:A^ii.i^t«jJ :
,f n»(ffir*
LurUfy l.i
BartkmdF'
Lands Jinti
Chaomel lalei*
Leruiitude Weat ♦ of Oifrny^'^
JersgrOl
Kiinlna^ Gtwj^qiblMJ loMMnta
*o *5 ?5 i3u
■1<^ BaHluJinDMr A Co
67
SWIMMING BATHS
Open -Air Baths
In addition to covered swimming batlis there are in the United Kingdom a Nature and
number of open-air establishments, varying from the fully equipped baths in the distribution,
large towns, to the simple river or sea-bathmg stands where advantage has been
taken of natiu^al facilities, and the only expense incuned has been in the provision
of dressing accommodation. For the pm-poses of this report, places where there
has been builduig of any kind in connection with swimming facilities, e.g. cement
flooring, fencmg, or dressing-boxes, have been included and shown by italics
in the Appendices. The distribution of open-aii- baths will depend in part on
climate, and also on natural advantages in the shape of water supply. The map
facing this page shows that, whereas in the warm areas of the South, facilities have
been provided in numbers of small places, in the North swimming baths are con-
fined for the most part to large cities where enthusiasm for swimming is keen, and
to a few places which depend largely on summer visitors.
TABLE XI. A
Showing the provision of Open-air Swimming Baths and the use made of
them in certain of the great towns. Year 1913-1914.
Population
NUMBER
Total Numblk
.\.TTKNDANCK
(1911 Census).
Of
of Open-air
at Open-air
Baths.
Bathers.
Batlis per 1000
of Population.
OOOS.
OOOS.
Biriuinghaui .....
1.
2.
3.
i.
• 840
3
92
no
approx.
(^annon Hill Paik
1
50
Victoria Park ....
1
33
Brookvale Park ....
1
9
Liverpool, S. .
746
4
477
639
Burlington St. ' .
1
92
. ,
Gore St. 1 -
1
157
Green Lane ' . . . .
, ,
1
82
Mansfield St.'^ ' . . . .
1
146
, ,
Manchester —
Philip's Park ....
714
1
46
63
Sheffield—
Rivelin Valley ....
455
24
11
24
Bristol, S
357
0
35
97
Rennison's .....
o
8
, .
GrevHIe Smyth ....
1
7
Victoria Park ....
1
7
. .
Eastville Park ....
1
13
Tottenham —
Open-air Bath (men)
137
1
23
166
East Ham —
Open-air Bath ....
133
1
86
664
' i''oi boys uuder 15 only. " Gymnasium also providuii.
*' For boys and girls under 15. ^ One for boys.
S denotes that school baths arc provided in addition to public facilities.
t By Birmingham (Extension) Order, 1911.
68
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE XI. B
Showing the provision of Open-air Swimming Baths and the use made of them
in 39 towns possessing no other faciUties imder pubUc management. Year
1913-1914.
Willesden
Norwich .
Northampton
Tynemouth
Aberdare
Bath
Worcester
Watford .
Twickenham
Gravesend
Erith
Ogmore and Gaiw
SouthaU-Norwood
Woking .
Dartford
Worksop
Grantham
St. Albans
Sheemess
Bridgewatei'
Tonbridge
Ashford .
Banbury
Newbury
Stamford
Carnarvon
Cirencester
Sudbury .
East Grinstead
Warminster
Stourport
Rothwell
Huntingdon
Norton .
Calne
Witney .
Oundle .
Ambleside
Scotland.
Saltcoats
POPDLATION
(1911 Census).
0003.
1.
XUMBER
or
Establish-
mpnts.
154
121
90
59
61
51
48
41
29
28
28
27
26
25
24
20
20
18
17
17
15
14
13
12
10
9
N CMBER
of
Baths.
I
I
Total Number Attkndance
of per 1000
Bathers. j of Population.
000s.
4. 5.
49
9
513
151
14
28
100
estimated
36
72
33
7
6
16
8
18
4
14
12
4
14
30
19
2
6
21
10
vstimated
9
15
appro.x.
6
2
approx.
4
4
2
approx.
6
6
.approx.
5
2
1
39
320
74
5696
2566
284
551
882
2443
1162
269
221
624
330
772
211
713
662
273
827
2009
1390
163
486
2219
*
1146
*
798
914
804
1440
*
1481
582
481
4587
* Incomplete statistic!).
Tables XI. A and B indicate the provision made for open-au' swimming and the
extent to which it is used in the places specified. Many of the great towns have pro-
vided facilities in the public parks. In Liverpool 36 per cent, of the total number
MEN'S BATHING PLACE IN 1 III; COLEY AREA, KEAUliNU
DI'KX-AIK S\VJ.\IMIN(J liATH KOK WOMEN AND lUKLS, KINCJ'S MEADOW, HiCAOlNU
69
SWIMMING BATHS
of swimmers use the open-air swimming baths, which are for young people under Use made of
fifteen years of age only ; in Birmingham- 10 per cent, bathe in the parks, wliile v^'f^g^'g
in East Ham the open-air bath attracts more bathers than the covered bath. iMan- compared
Chester, Derby, Northampton, Tynemouth , and Twickenham all have large attendance !J^'^ covered
figures. It is noticeable, however, that where there are both covered and open-
air swimming baths in one place, the number of bathers at the latter usually tends
to be less than at the former, probably because they can at best be used by the
general public for a short season only, and durmg that time there will be many off-
days on account of rain or cold.
In many cases quoted in Appendices I. and II. the record kept of the number
of bathers is incomplete, owing to the fact that no note is made of free bathers or
season-ticket holders.
The fees charged are very low, and admission is frequently confined to men Terms of
1 1 admission,
and boys.
It is obvious that open-air baths possess decided advantages over covered ones. Advantages,
since they cost comparatively little to buUd and maintain, they can be made large
enough to provide every possible facihty for swimming, and they ensiu-e more health-
ful surroundings than the best covered establishment. In places where on account
of expense no covered bath is possible, they are valuable both for the teaching of
swimming and as a recreative agency. As in covered bath cstabhshments, due
regard should be had to the provision of proper cleansmg facilities for the bathers,
and precautions taken in respect to any danger from sewage -polluted water.
Swimming Clubs and Associations
The swimmmg movement in the United Kingdom appears to owe much to the The Amateur
formation of local clubs, which are often affiUated with the Amateur Swimming Swimmmg
ASSOClclliUllSi
Associations for England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales respectively. The objects
of these Associations are similar, and are given as follows in the Handbook for
England : —
" The objects of the A.S.A. shall be :—
(a) To promote the Ai't of Swiuuuiug amongst both sexes, and to eucouvage its
teaching to scliool children.
(b) To promote the game of Water Polo.
(c) To stimulate public opinion in favour of providing proper accommodation and
faciUties for acquiring the Art of Swimming.
(d) To draw up, j)ubUsh, and enforce uniform laws for the control and regulation of
Amateur Swimming and Water Polo Championships and competitions in
England, and to deal with any infringement thereof."
The Associations also decide questions in regard to the amateur status of their
members, formulate directions in regard to swimming and diving, and grant
certificates to professional teachei-s.
Clubs are attached to the majority of swimming baths; tlieir numbers are Local clubs,
drawn from various classes in the community, the police, post office, and
organisations for boys and girls being well represented, in 1913 there were about
100 clubs in connection with Islington Baths, and over 40 for Shoreditch ; Manchester
had 134 for men and 30 for ladies, and Liverpool 75 for men and 63 for ladies.
70
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Thirty-six clubs were registered in Birmingham, 21 in Leeds, and 6 in Newcastle.
It is usual in small places to find two or three clubs for men and boys, and one for
ladies. The Glasgow Annual Batlis Report, 1914, states that "the demand of clubs
for private bathing facilities is always greater tlian the supply."
The number of club members forms a comparativelj- small fraction of the
total number of bathers, i.e. from 2 per cent, to 30 per cent, in the few cases where
figures are available ; it must, liowever, be borne in mind that this percentage is
taken on the total batliers, a large number of wliom are scliool children ineligible for
club membership.
The arrangements made between the batiis management and clubs show con-
siderable variation in different towns. In some instances they are graiited the
exclusive use of a swimming bath on payment of a lump sum, e.g. 5s. to 12s. 6d.
an hour, to whicli a nominal admission fee for each bather is sometimes added ; in
other places, the ordinary admission fee may be reduced by as much as 50 per cent.,
or cheap season tickets are issued, which are available either whenever the baths
are open or during club hours only. Details in regard to special charges are given
in square brackets in the fee column of Appendix I. The baths management
usually stipulate that a club shaU guarantee a minimum membership and a
definite number of attendances ; and some authorities insist on affiliation with the
Amateur Swimming Association. In many establishments, a room where members
may transact business is provided. Where clubs appoint theit' own instructors these
may be admitted free.
Local Associations often do a great deal to promote the teaching of swimming
by their interest in school children, and by the offer of a year's free membership to
those who pass the school swimming tests. The galas and sports, which they
organise, help to encourage the practice of good methods, and form a valuable
incentive to boys and girls, while the rules of the Amateur Swimming Association
in regard to prizes minimise the likeliliood of any taint of professionalism. In the
words of one local authority, " The arrangement with the swimming club has
turned out to be a very happy one, and has resulted in thousands of boys and girls
being taught to swim while still attending the public schools of the town.'
ADDENDA TO SECTION IV
MANCHESTER CORPORATION BATH8
REGULATIONS FOR MIXED BATHING AT WITHINGTON BATHS
( WedneJsdays only)
The curtains luu.st be drawn and the doors of the dressing-boxes closed during the
time the bathers are undressing and dressing.
The male bathers must use the dressing-boxes on tlie right-hand side of the bath from
the entrance doors.
The female bathers must use the dressing-boxes on the left-hand side and those at
the platform end of the bath.
Bathers must proceed to their respective dressing-boxes immediately they have
finished bathing. When dressed, they must leave the doors of their dressing-
boxes ojJen, and k-ave the building without delay.
71
SWIMMING BATHS
All bathers must enter and leave the water and the building on the side of the bath
on which their respective dressing-boxes are situated. Any breach of this
regulation will entail expulsion from the bath and re-admittance will be refused.
All male bathers must wear the regulation A.S.A. costume, either dark blue or black
hi colour, with bathing drawers underneath.
Females must wear either the recognised A.S.A. female costume or other costume of
approved pattern. No costume light in colour will be allowed.
Male bathers must be accompanied by one or more persons of the opposite sex.
No male or female under 16 years of age will be admitted to the bath unless
accompanied by a parent or guardian.
Female bathers over 16 years of age need not be accompanied by a male.
The Superintendent and matron are empowered to exclude or to have removed any
person endangering the good conduct of the bath.
Prices of Admission
Adults 6d.
Juniors, under 16 . . . . . . . . 3d.
Hire of Costumes (ladies' or gentlemen's) .... 2d. each.
Hire of Caps . . . . . . . . . Id. „
A deposit of la. will be required from each person hiring a costume or cap, which
sum will be refunded when the costume or cai3 is returned to the Ticket Office.
J. Derbyshire,
General Superintendent.
SECTION V
General con-
siderations.
Provision
of School
Swimming
Baths and
Arrange-
ments with
Baths
Authorities.
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
A KEEN observer of human nature once remarked that if you train a child up in
the way he should go, when he is old he mil not depart from it ; he might have
added that the said child will also desire for his children at least as much well-
being as he himself enjoyed. On these assumptions any scheme for the better-
ment of social conditions should comprise a well-ordered attempt to ensure the
formation of right habits in childhood.
Questions in regard to the bathing of school children fall natiu-ally into three
divisions : —
(1) The learning and practice of swimming.
(2) The formation of a habit of personal cleanliness, both as a matter of self-
respect and of consideration for others.
(3) The cleansing of verminous children.
The order adopted for a discussion of these aspects of the baths problem is
not one of relative importance but of expediency ; the question of school swimming
follows naturally on an account of swimming facilities in general, and, on the other
hand, the cleansing of a verminous child is best discussed later in connection with
cleansing schemes for its adult relatives.
SwiMMrNG FOE BOYS AND GiRLS
For some years school SM'imming has received increasing attention, and both
EngUsh and Scottish Codes recogiaise it as a part of physical education. All the
great towns make arrangements for the instruction of school children dming school
hours, and they are often admitted at much reduced fees in free times and on
hoUdays. By way of illustration of the arrangements which obtain, the regulations
for school children in Birmingham and Manchester respectively are included among
the special forms given in the Addenda to this Section, together mth the Edinburgh
School Board regulations regarding summing instruction, which indicate the
standard aimed at in the regular school course. The Education Authority has
built and maintains school swimming baths in the following places : —
Liverpool 17.
I^iceds 3.
Bristol 2.
Bradford 6.
Nottingham 4.
Brighton 1.
Northampton 1.
Glasgow 8.
Edinbmgh 4.
Aberdeen 1.
Leith 1.
CHn^DREN'S OPEN-AIE SWIMMING BATH, LIVERPOOL
OPEN-AIR BATH, LIVERPOOL
o
P3
o
73
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
In Todmorden and Chesterfield swimming baths are attached to the school, but
are used by the public out of school hours, and the same arrangement is made in
the case of certain of the Bradford baths. Further particulars in regard to these
school s\vimming baths are given in Appendix III.
The Board of Education for England and Wales has not encouraged the erection
of school swimming baths, on the score of the additional expense involved, and
it is more usual to find that arrangements are made whereby childi-en receive
instruction at the PubUc Baths diu-ing school hoiu-s. The arrangements between
the authorities concerned, i.e. the Baths or Pubhc Health and the Education Com-
mittees respectively, are sometimes in the hands of a small joint committee. The
Ijroportion" of expense borne by each Authority, and the arrangements for super-
vision and instruction vary considerably in different localities. Where large
numbers of childi'en are granted swimming facilities there is considerable initial
expenditure on towels, costumes and caps, in addition to the labour and expense
involved in having them washed, dried and repaii-ed. Moreover, while the pre-
sence of children wiU tend to exclude adult bathers and so reduce the income of
the establishment, there will in consequence be relatively more wear and tear,
and more cleaning to be done. In some places the whole of this expense is borne
by the Baths Management, in others a small admission fee, varying from Jd. to lid.
is charged, or the Education Authority contributes a lump sum for the use of the
baths. In Scotland supervision is often undertaken by the baths management ;
the children arrive from school in charge of a senior boy or girl, who is responsible
for mustering the class, and who is given a sHp on which the baths manager certifies
the number of children present and the time at which the party reaches and leaves
the premises. Under such arrangements prompt detection of loitering or truancy
is secured. In England it is usual to stipulate that a teacher should accompany
the class and be held responsible for it.
Instruction is given in some cases by the school staff, in others by instructors
and instructresses appointed by the Education Authority, and in others by the
baths staff. Table XII. in which towns are arranged in order of population
gives some idea of the arrangements made for class swimming at the Public Baths.
Table XII.
74
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE XII.
Table to illustrate the use of Public Swimming Baths by Elementary School
Children sent from School in Classes. Year 1913-1914.
Name of
Place.
Ilford, .
Acton,
Carlisle,
Stretford,
Eccles,
Chester,
Chadderton,
Farnworth,
Middleton,
Radcliffe, .
Newcastle-
Ratio of Girls
Total Perceu- : to Boys.
Number I tageto
of School total
Bathers. Bathers.
Woolwich, .
West Ham,
Sunderland,
Waltharastow, .
Coventry,
Wallasey,
Boys. I Gills.
3. i.
54,102 39
I
under-Lyme. j
Tyldesley-with- 1
Shakerley,
Winsfiird, .
j Stamford, .1
(Open-air^ /
75,905
23,934
18,767
18,000
78,246
11,974
22,913
12,735
14,145
3,520
18,563
11,190
4,069
3,170
5,207
10,656
35
38
26
18
62
39
32
27
15
21
36
15
17
17
28
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
49
64
*
43
30
54
100 52
100 36
80
83
70
95
61
Arrangements between Baths Management and Education
Authority.
4,720
22
100
89
3,180
24
100
26
3,456
16
100
115
Swimming classes form part of curriculum. L.C.C.
pay Id. per scholar and provide instruction.
Education Committee pays Id. per scholar and pro-
\'ides instruction.
Id. admission fee, arrangements not stated.
Education Authority provide an instructor and pay a
Id. per child for scholars in scliools within the area,
and lid. for those without.
25 chiltlren admitted free from each school.
Swimming classes of not less than 15 boys accom-
panied bv a responsible teacher, tliree days a week,
3.30-5.30, at id. per boy.
Arrangements not stated.
Classes of not less than 20 at Id. per child, tuition Id.
extra, for all schools whether within the area or
without.
Children admitted and instructed free of charge.
Classes of not less than 20, and in charge of a respon-
sible te.acher, free. Education Committee pay 5s.
per week for six months to a member of the baths
staff for instructing the children.
Admitted free, Tuesday morning and afternoon and
Friday evening, 2 hours.
Children in charge of a teacher admitted free. Edu-
cation Committee makes grant ofX50for tuition by
baths staff.
Children in charge of a teacher admitted free on four
days a weeli, 2-4 p.m. An instructor is proWded.
Children in charge of a teacher, free ; no charge made
for costume.
Children in charge of a teacher admitted free on four
days per week. Education Committee provide
instructor and instructress.
Scholars from schools in the district, in charge of a
teacher, free.
Children admitted free during school liours. In-
structor provided. Children from schools in
Wolstanton Urban District, id. per child in charge
of teacher, and id. extra for towel and costume.
Children in charge of a teacher free one day a week.
Instructor provided by swimming club, for which
they are eligible.
Children from Standard IV and upwards admitted and
given instruction free of cliarge, 2 part days a week.
Season-ticket, Is. 6d., enables holder to use baths
at times set apart for elementary schools only, and
to receive instruction from school's teacher.
* Incom)iIete statistics.
It is noticeable tliat the ratio of girl to boy swimmers is considerably higher than
that of women to men indicated in tables shown earher in this report ; the table
is, however, for piu-poses of illustration only, and nothing can be deduced from it
in regard to general principles.
That some arrangement for school swimming is the rule and not the exception
75
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
is evident from the fact that of 100 English places with less than 200,000 inhabitants,
selected at random, only seven make no mention of facihties for school children.
In Scotland no embargo has been laid on the building of school swimming baths,
and, in addition to this provision, in the largest towns arrangements similar to those
wliich obtain in the South are usually made with the Baths Management.
In the course of this inquiry, headings of subjects on which information would Value oi
be of value, were sent to a large number of education authorities, care committees, g^yimnjijig
school teachers, and others with practical experience in the subject of school
swimming. The bitlk of opinion is strongly in favoiu* of the use of swimming
baths by the children, and there can be httle doubt that under wise regulations
much can be achieved, both from the point of view of physical education and of
recreation. Any one who has seen the swarms of happy boys and girls swimming,
diving, and playing in the swimming baths of the crowded districts in our great
cities, must perforce realise what a fund of sheer happiness a knowledge of swimmii;ig
puts within the reach of boys and gii'ls, to whom few other forms of sport are
open. In the words of one answer received from a worker in London, " It is often
foimd that a rather wild, rough boy is kept in close touch with school by his interest
and keenness over swimming."
Criticisms directed against the use of pubhc facihties by school children in ObjecKons
preference to baths connected with the school are, in certain cases, due more to ^g^jngt jjjg
bad administration than to faults inherent in the arrangements made. The super- use of Public
vision is said to be inadequate, and the baths attendants unable to cope with large jg^^^j ^
numbers of children. Li consequence of this a condition of affair's ensues which is children,
described as follows : " The greatest disadvantage of the Pubhc Baths, however,
is the unsympathetic attitude of many of the baths attendants. Probably because
thej' have too much else to do they do not exercise much discrimination in their
management of the children, often mistaking quite hai'mless play for dehberate
distiu-bance, and giving the impression (perhaps wTongly) that their main concern
is to get the boj^s out of the baths as soon as possible. In places where there are
no school swimming baths there should be one attendant set free from cleaning
duties to supervise the children in the washing-rooms, and to keep an eye upon
them in the pond itself. There is very much to be learnt about the ways of using
Pubhc Baths that the childx-en might well learn from the attendants. ^At present
these attendants are looked upon largely as people whose business it is to hound
the children out of the washing -room or out of the pond just when they are beginning
to enjoy themselves ! " In notes from another town in regard to the state of ailairs
during hohdays the following statement occms : " The bath is crowded and
occasionally the poHce have to be called in to keep order ! " Again class-teaching
is impossible in cases where an instructor is quite untrained in handling groups
of childi-en, and yet this method is essential if large numbers are to be trained in
a limited time. The London Schools Swimming Association states that : " It is
not desirable from a social point of view that adults of all classes should be using
the bath at the same time as children," and the obvious objections to mixed
company are referred to in other answers received from school teachers. It is
also stated that parents prefer school baths as involving fewer risks from infection,
76
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Advantages
and draw-
backs of
school
swimming
baths.
Educational
value of
swimming
baths.
General
summary.
vermin, or losing clothes. There appears to be a lack of proper teaching material
in Public Baths, but I have found this same difficulty to exist in school baths, where
the Education Authority refused to grant what the instructor required.
It is claimed for school swimming baths that they can be built especially for
teaching purposes, that systematic instruction can be given throughout the year
and mthout interruptions in bad weather, and that the hours can be better arranged
to fit in with the school ciu'riculum and the children's meal times ; moreover, in
many instances, attendance at the PubHc Baths involves a long walk, which makes
swimming impossible for any but the strongest children, and entails great waste
of school time. On the other hand, it is urged in favour of PubUc Baths that they
are more suitable for the older childi-en on account of their size and the provision
of private dressing accommodation, and that boys and girls are less likely to drop
swimming when they leave school, if they are already famiUar with an outside
estabhshment. Moreover, since the Pubhc Baths are little used during school
hours, economy is effected by making use of existing provision.
Swimming baths offer an invaluable opportunity for the training of children
in the use of pubUc facilities. Mention has akeadj^ been made of the filthy water
in which they are sometimes allowed to wash in company with others, and to the
objectionable practice of " soaking " in the foot baths, for although it is necessary
to provide facihties for getting rid of extraneous dust, it appears undesii'able from
every point of view, that people should be led to consider a swimming bath the
proper place for washing which ought to be done in private. If childi-en are given
proper facihties for washing themselves clean, either at school, or by the provision
of suitable rain baths at the PubHc Baths, they can be trained to come to a swim
without prefacing it with a scrub in pubhc, whereby the whole dirt accumulated
since the last visit to the baths is got rid of. In some cases the habits of the childi-en
are such as to deter others from using the swimming bath after them ; the remedy
lies in plain teaching on the proper use of facihties which are shared with others,
driven home by practice, for children cannot learn what no one troubles to
enforce. One of the strongest reasons in favour of class teachers accompanying
the children to the baths, hes in their abihty to educate the children in such
matters.
Certain conclusions emerge from evidence the gist of which has just been cited.
(1) The main argimient advanced against school swimming baths is that of
expense.
(2) The accommodation at the Pubhc Baths is sometimes inadequate, and
in consequence many children are prevented from attending, e.g. in the London
County Council Report on school swimming 1914, this reason is adduced in explana-
tion of the fact that the number of swimmmg attendances shows httle increase.
In 1914 a joint deputation to the Board of Education from the Amateur Swimming
Association and the National Union of School Teachers, rirged that small teaching
baths should be provided either at the Public Baths or, where these are inaccessible,
at the schools. As the matter stands at present the Association felt strongly that
increased accommodation in one or other direction was essential.
In country districts, the provision of cheap open-aii" ponds for instruction in
77
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
swimming and life-saving would cost comparatively little, and might do much to
avert the bathing fatahties so common among j'oung boys.
(3) Where children make use of the Pubhc Swimming Baths in great cities,
it is desirable that special times should be reserved for them, and that adequate
arrangements should be made for their instruction in classes, and for their
supervision.
Until a child has been taught to swim, and is thoroughly at home in deep water, The teaching
the main object for which it is sent to the baths has not been accompHshed, for the ^^ j^g_
charm of " splashing about " will disappear with extreme youth. From reports saving,
received from the Local Authorities, it is evident that every year thousands of
children are now taught not only swimming but life-saving. In this connection the
work done in England by Schools Swimming Associations and other voluntary bodies Schools
has been invaluable, and the present interest in the subject appears to be largely ^^^^^^_
due to their effort and enthusiasm. In one or two instances, where the Education
Authorities have withdi-awn support by refusing to pay instructors' salaries or baths
admittance fees on a plea of war economy, their work has been done for them free of
charge in the interests of the children ; however discreditable this may be to the
Authority concerned, it is proof of the disinterestedness of their teachers and of
voluntary workers who have the children's interests at heart. In the words of one
honorary secretary, "All the work is voluntary, and carried out by expert teachers
for the good of the children."
In 1915 the London School Swimming Association alone issued 10,800 first-
class certificates and 2479 for life-saving. During the year the names of 19 children
were inscribed on its RoU of Honom- as having gained rewards from the Royal
Humane Society for " conspicuous gallantry in saving or attempting to save Hfe."
Since the war the Amateur Swimming Association in England has dropped its
competitions, and devoted money usually expended on galas to the promotion of
swimming among school children ; with this end in view, the services of some of
its best professional teachers were placed at the disposal of the London School
Swimming Association, and good work was accompUshed.
Proficiency in swimming is rewarded in many instances by a year's free pass
to the baths, and membership of a club, prizes, and certificates are frequently offered
either by the Local Authority or voluntary associations interested in swimming.
Team competitions for trophies to be held by the school to which the winner belongs
are not uncommon ; and it need hardly be said that they are of far more value
from an educational standpoint than rewards to individuals.
In Scotland the beginning made in Schools Swimming Association work has
been interrupted by the war, but a considerable amount has been done in recent
years for the encouragement of children's swimming by School Boards and others
interested.
In addition to special facilities during school hours many authorities encourage Holiday
swimming in the hohdays by the issue of cheap tickets through the school, or free
admission to specified baths. An attempt was made to ascertain what proportion
of the children avail themselves of these opportunities. Except in reaUy slum areas
large numbers appear to frequent the baths. In Mile End. out of 100 boys in the
Cost oi
school
swimming
baths.
78
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
upper standards, 20 went fairly regularly to the swdmming baths and 10 a few
times, in addition to 15 who bathed in Victoria Park. In several cases the proportion
among the older boys was stated to be from 70 per cent, to 90 per cent. Among
reasons given for not going were objections on the part of parents owing to lack of
efficient supervision, distance, absence from home, working during the hoUdays,
and no money for the fee. In the case of giils the proportion is much lower ; this
may be due in part to lack of costumes and caps, and to the limitations of the hom-s
of admission, for on girls' days the pond.s are often overcrowded. Moreover,
when supervision is lax, the girls are more hable than boys to suffer from chiU,
owing both to wet bail- and to the wearing of a costume.
The finance in regard to children's swimming baths is difficult to disentangle
owing to the lack of adequate statistics, and the fact that such items as water and
heating may in one instance be charged to the general school account, and in another
to the baths. The follo\ving table gives some indication of the capital cost and
rmming expenses. In each case cited, expenditure on ablutionary facilities is
included.
School Baths Finance.
Bradford —
Feversham f^t,
Wapping Road,
Green Lane,
Aberdeen,
Leith, .
Renewals
Salaries
Heating
and
and
and
Repairs.
Wages.
Lighting.
1.
2.
3.
£
£
£
1
102
3
4
106
]
15
107
j
148
73 1
I
105
89
Water.
4.
£
67
3-2
125
39
Towels
and
Costumes. , Cleaning.
Soap
and
6.
Sun-
dries.
£
4
3
3
£
IS
25
£
5
5
6
Total
Bipendi-
ture.
CapiUl
Cost.
8.
9.
£
£ 1
207
*
158
7U0
264
*
264'
1800
approx.
*
3700
* Incomplete statistics.
' For day [mpils only. There are also 100 evening class pupils.
The neces-
sity for
school baths.
Cleanliness foe Boys and Giels
In 1910 the International Congress on School Hygiene met in Paris, and that
section in wliich a discussion on spray baths formed part of the proceedings,
unanimously agreed " that it is desirable that in all educational estabhshments the
use of shower baths become compulsory, and that in future no school should be
built without shower baths."' At that date baths had become part of the regular
system in the large town schools of Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and Germany,
and the practice of school-bathing was spreading to Austria, France, Holland, and
Belgium. Reference to Appendix III. shows that in the United Kingdom at least
1 .5 Education Authorities have now provided spraj' baths as distmct from svnmming
accommodation, and it appears probable that practical education in cleanliness
will in future be looked upon as an essential part of physical training. At present,
cleanliness imphes only its outward appearance for large numbers in the community,
and even where adequate facilities are available, it is obviously impossible for
parents to teach children what they have never learnt themselves. The offensive
conditions in many of our schools are due not only to clothes on which bodily dirt
a
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a
PS
p
a
o
►J
o
o
W
o
CO
C3
O
W
E-i
<
W
CO
<!
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79
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
has accumulated, but to the unwashed persons of the children. The amount of
health lost in a year as the direct result of breathing an atmosphere rank with
impurity camiot unfortunately be measured in numerical terms ; teachers know it
to their cost, but escape at the end of the day ; the children know no respite, as they
carry themselves about with them, and the atmosphere of their sleeping-room is
probably worse than that of the school. In the report of the Education Committee
of the London County Council in 1905 Dr. Kerr went so far as to state that " The
majority of cases of injury to health among children may be traced originally to a
want of cleanUness," and both Dr. Hope and Dr. Janet Campbell in their recently
pubUshed reports on the Physical Welfare of Mothers and Children, lay stress on the
provision of adequate bathing faciUties, as one factor in the solution of the health
problems involved. As a result of medical inspection of school children many
doctors are now drawing attention to needs which were previously overlooked by the
community at large.
The first effort made in the direction of school baths in the United Kingdom Type o£
was the provision of large tanks where several childi-en could bathe in the same P^'^'^ion
^ ° afforded,
water. Recent research into infectious diseases and their dissemination, shows
that this method may involve risk to the individual child, although there can be
Httle doubt that its results in the aggregate are more beneficial than no washing at
all. The next experiment in coimection with school bathing was the installation of
shpper baths, but the cost of these, together with the space occupied, prevented
any use extensive enough to meet the needs of whole classes in school. The questions
at issue have been well expressed by Dr. Kerr, " How httle space is required, and
how httle heat and how httle water is necessary to effectively cleanse a child twice
weekly ? " The solution of the problem would seem to he in the provision of spray
baths.
In the earher experiments in the provision of school spray baths the provision
made was often simple in the extreme. A disused part of the school building or
basement was fitted with sprays on one side and a floor draining into a common
gutter, while pegs and benches placed as far as possible from the showers served
as dressing accommodation. This provision was obviously unsuitable to meet the
needs of girls in the upper standards, but it was at least the beginning of much-
needed reform. The following quotations from a printed report by Mr. J. Moore
Murray, Director of Education, Warrington, and from the notes obtained from
three head-teachers in the course of this inquiry, are selected from eight}- well-
considered reports, as exemplifying not only the benefit conferred by school baths,
but also difficulties which may arise in their inception and administration. It must
be borne in mind that the expression "clean " is relative, and denotes that a child
is free from vermin.
" The classes of children attending these two schools represent the two extremes Reports on
in the Borough. Those attending the Bolton School are of quite a good type. ; the district methods and
in which they hve is not overcrowded, and the parents of the children arc, for the most results,
part, of the higher artisan class. Many of the children attending the Evelyn Street School
come from crowded homes, and, though there has been a marked improvement during
the last ten years in the character of the children in this district, there is still a considerable
number of parents who are indifferent to the physical well-being of their children
80
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
" The Head Teachers of all the schools emphasise the marked improvement in the
cleanliness and the general condition of the children's underclothing. Moreover, what is
perhaps the best sign, there is a marked increase in the interest which the children them-
selves are taking in their own cleanUness and in the condition of their clothes. This is,
of course, more pronounced among the girls, who can undertake their own repairs, than
among the boys.
" There is not the sUghtest difficulty with regard to the attendance of the children
at the baths, and even in those cases where children have been compelled to go to the
baths on account of uncleanliness there have been no complaints from the parents. This
is to be attributed very largely to the good influence and the tact of the Head Teachers.
All the teachers report that the children are keen to attend, and pleased when their turn
comes round. There have been no complaints as to the children catching cold.
" The Head Teachers are unanimous as to the effect of the baths upon the children
with regard to their school work. The teachers refer to ' the generally keener condition
of mind,' ' their return to their lessons with smiling faces and a keener interest in their
work,' and ' the children being cleaner, they appear generally to be brighter, more active,
and consequently better able to benefit educationally.'
" There has been a suggestion that the institution of spray baths in schools would
reheve parents of their responsibihty, but the evidence of the teachers shows that they
have an opposite effect. They are unanimous in their views that the children are more
often washed at home and that the parents are paying more attention to the condition
of the children's underclothing. In short, there can be no doubt that the spray baths
are now a most valuable part of the school equipment and take their proper place with
the other school work."
" In reply to your inquiry of November 10th re Baths, I am of opinion that they
have been of great benefit to the boys generally, but there are still some parents who
object to them, usually through fear of colds.
" As you are aware, the baths here are hot and cold shower baths, and the boys are
provided -ivith clean towels, soap, and other requisites. These things have produced a
degree of bodily cleanliness which the visiting nurse says compares favourably with
other schools in the town.
" Many boys Uve in very poor homes where facihties for cleanhness are sparse or lacking
altogether. But at school they have acquired a hking for the bath, and they would be
hugely disappointed if anything interfered with what they call their ' splash.'
" A dislike of dirt and untidiness grows amongst the boys. The baths are not entirely
responsible for tliis, but they are a great help. In creating a liking for cleanliness, and
inculcatmg healthy and useful habits, their usefuhiess can hardly be overestimated."
" The shower baths have been in use since 1912. The time allotted to the Girls'
Department is five half -days per week. Every girl in the school has a bath each week,
unless she has brought a written excuse from her parent for exclusion. An attendant
appointed by the Committee supervises the children while bathing. It was found, when
starting to use the baths, that many of the parents were prejudiced against them. They
failed to see the necessity of school bathing when their children had baths regularly at
home. This prejudice has, in the majority of cases, been gradually overcome. Another
difficulty arose with the verminous cases. When the children were undressed and their
clothing examined, several were found to be verminous. In some cases the vermin was
not suspected, as the children presented a fairly clean appearance. The parents were
communicated with, and in most cases the children were cleansed and continued to use
the bath. In other cases parents refused to allow their children to use the bath again,
as they objected to this exposure of neglect. As it is not legal to enforce school bathing,
we had regretfully to yield to the parents' wishes, and to be content with asking the
School Nurse to frequently examine such children. If a child contmued verminous, it
was finally decided by the Committee that she should not bathe with the others, as the
clothing of clean children niieht bocnme contaminated.
81
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
" During the first year several of the parents were under the impression that the
result of winter bathing would be colds for their children, and it was found difficult to
convince them otherwise. This prejudice is now slowly but surely being overcome, thp
numbers bathing during the cold months increasing each year.
■' The children thoroughly enjoj' the weekly shower, and would be very disappointed
if they were obliged to miss it. In several cases we feel convinced it is the only bath the
little ones have during the week, although in the majority of cases the weekly bath is also
had in the home. Several letters have been received from j)arents expressing their
appreciation of the benefits derived from the school baths.
" In some instances a marked improvement in the condition of the skin has been
noted. When first using the bath, some cliildren were found to have skin eruptions,
such as pimples and blotches, and it was noticed that these gradually disappeared and
the skin became clearer after a short time of regular weekly bathing.
" The children are without doubt being trained in habits of cleanhness. It was
most encouraging to find after this August hoUday that hardly a child had dirty flesh.
This had not been the case in former years.
" Perhaps the most noticeable improvement has been seen in the condition of the
underclotliing. The attendant tactfully draws attention to torn and dirty garments,
and suggests patches, buttons, etc. In nearly every case greater pride is taken in keeping
the underclothes as clean and neat as possible.
" As I remarked before, the children look forward to their weekly shower, and some
of the older girls on leaving school have remarked ' I shall miss my shower bath,' and
have asked, as a special favour, to be allowed to have two during the last week of their
school Hfe."
" The Douche Baths were opened here about 1909, and were intended by the Com-
mittee for cleansing purposes. Attempts to send dirty children caused great friction.
Clean children would not use the baths, and du-ty childi-en were also declared by parents
to be quite clean.
" Knowing these facts from other soiu'ces, we began by calling ours the Health Baths,
and made it a condition that any child attending them must first be clean.
" Great precautions are taken to safeguard clean children : —
" (a) Separate dressing-boxes are provided and wiped out by attendant after each
occupant.
" (b) Children are numbered and graded unobtrusively.
" (c) Towels, etc., are kept quite separate : Izol disinfectant soap is used : disin-
fectant is poured over the floor of bath after each set of girls.
" (d) No loofahs or flesh brushes are used, but the hand only.
" (e) Combs and bathing-drawers are washed after each using.
" (/) Rubber caps (bought by parents) prevent the necessity for drying hair in many
cases.
" Our dressing-room is too Small for hair-drying unfortunately, for girls are so close
that vermin can pass from one head to another, spite of care, and dressing-boxes are too
small for the vigorous rubbing required.
" Each bath for sixteen children (as ours) should have tioo dressing-rooms and two
sets of boxes, since time spent in «ater is only about one-third of the whole time children
are there.
" Our attendant is a very capable widow with four girls of her own. She had no
previous experience, indeed !ione of us had, but we experimented very carefully at first ;
for three months I (head teacher) spent most of my time at liaths oi- interviewing parents
thereon.
" Great care is taken that after the warm water no child shirks the cold shower, so
that colds and chills are not risked.
" We encourage children to do phj'sical exercises under the cold water to take their
thought ofi its coldness, especially in \vinter.
L
82
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
" I think we have fewer cases of really bad colds amongst children attentliug the
baths regularly, i.e. every week.
" The scliool doctor sometimes recommends specially dehcate children to have daily
shower and I arrange accordingly. This has greatly helped the idea of Health Baths.
" If there were two dressing-rooms, two attendants would be needed, our present
woman is very hard worked, there being two sets of sixteen children up most of the time
on girls' days. When these are six and seven year olds and garmcnt.s fasten at the
back, there is delay.
" After a little training a girl with umch haii- can wash and diy it thoroughly, as
well as her body, and be down in her class within forty minutes. But if allowed, children
will dawdle for one hom- or one and a half hours, blocking the way for the next section.
" Underwear can be inspected if necessary when children are under water.
" There being no legislation, parents sometimes refuse absolutelj' to let children attend,
though this is very rare.
" N .B. — Despite the good results, I cannot but feel that we spend a quite dispro-
portionate part of school time and of teachers' energies upon bathing, and should be most
thankful if it could be done out of lesson lime allogether and with others carrying out the
responsibility (a great one) instead of the teacher.
" This is a very poor working-class neighbourhood in normal times. The school
has for years been considered one of special difficulty : children are, many of them, typical
slum-dwellers, not so much dull as inert and apathetic."
Objections
to bathing
at school.
Advantages.
Attitude oi
the Boards of
Education.
A marked feature in the answers received on the subject of school bathing is
that where baths have not yet been installed, or have been attempted in a haM-
hearted manner vtdthout active co-operation on the part of the teachers, numerous
a priori objections are mged. On the other hand, wherever the matter has been
thoroughly taken in hand, there is a consensus of opinion in regard to the good
results effected for the children. The objectors urge : —
(1) That school time is lost which might be more profitably employed.
(2) That the baths may come to be regarded as part of lessons, and dropped
on leaving school.
(3) That giiis especially get their haii- wet, and are apt to take cold.
(4) That school baths detract from the responsibilities of parents at the expense
of the teachers.
The advantages claimed by the advocates for school baths are as follows : —
(1) The parents become more careful about the cleanliness and underclothing
of their children.
(2) It is possible to observe bad physical conditions, vermin, or skin disease,
which might otherwise be undetected until medical inspection.
(3) There is an ample supply of hot water at the proper temperature and plenty
of soap, instead of the very limited amomit available at home.
(4) The children get over their dislike to water, they enjoy the bath, and form
cleanly habits.
(5) Children who have acquired the bathing habit are more likely to go to
the Public Baths both for summing and bathing, after they leave school.
(6) The atmosphere of the schookooms is much improved.
In both England and Scotland, the Board of Education has adopted a favour-
able attitude towards the provision of spray baths in school, during the past few
years, and no embargo has been laid upon their installation.
83
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
In tlie absence of adequate statistics, it has been impossible to' reach any very Finance,
clear conclusions in regard to cost. Where the baths form part of the school
premises, the current erpenditure cannot be easily differentiated, and capital cost
wiU depend largely upon the extent to which a baths-house can be combined with
the rest of the building. The installation of twenty sprays and dressing-boxes
at pre-war prices may be reckoned as costing £200-£300. In the running expenses,
the largest items will be the attendant's wages, and laundry work. Not less than
four gallons of hot water should be allowed for each bather, and in addition there
will be the expense for towels and cleaning materials. Squares of rough toweUing
which can be boiled after use by each child would appear to be preferable to brushes.
The following note on detailed current expenditure for one session in a school with
twelve sprays which had bathed 435 pupils a week, i.e. over 18,000 in the school
session, works out at one-third of a penny per bath. It wiU be noticed, however,
that the attendant's wages are too low to secure efficiency, and that no charge is
made for heating and water.
School Session Ending June 1912
Sanitas Soap @ 3|d. per lb. bar — 450 bars
Brooke's Soap, 15 cakes @ 3d.
Scourer, 16 yards @ 5d.
24 Bathing Caps
24 Flesh Brushes
Soda, 5 stones @ 7d. .
\ stone Saltpetre
Waterproof Overall for Female Attendant
Rubber Boots for Female Attendant
,, ,, ,, Janitor .
Repairs to Boots dnring year
Payment to Caretaker, 2s. per week, per annum
Payment to Female Attendant, 4d. per horn-,
average 10s. per week for 10 months' Session
£6
8
3
0
3
9
0
6
8
0
9
6
2
2
0
0
2
11
0
1
1
0
6
0
0
10
6
0
17
9
0
17
0
£12 5 6
20 0 0
£25 4 0
The running cost (jare-war) in other places, where baths are in fairly constant use,
has been worked out at about |d. per child bathed.
If school baths are to meet with success, due weight should be given to each Considera-
of the following considerations : — ^^°^ " „
° regard to the
(1) It is of paramount importance to secure an efficient attendant and to supply inception of
adequate means of keeping the premises in good order. ^'''^°°' ''^*'^-
(2) If verminous children are allowed to attend they will undoubtedly intcct
the others, and bring the baths into chsrepute with respectable parents.
(3) Baths which are suitable for little chUdien are quite unsuitable for older
ones. The former require less space and less water than the latter, and teachuig
and supervision rather than privacy.
(4) AH interference with the school curriculum is bad on principle, as no child
84
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Need for co-
ordination
between
authorities.
Suggestions
in regard to
general
policy.
Infants.
Children
aged seven
to eleven
years.
can follow a well-conceived course of lessons if he is absent from any one of them,
and the results of broken time are most discouraging for the teacher.
(5) Any system of school bathing should be so Unked to the use of public
faciUties that children do not lose the habit of cleanliness during adolescence, because
they have left school.
(6) Adequate arrangements slioidd Ije made for baths during hohdays.
It is evident from these considerations that the authorities who deal with
PubUc Health, Baths and Wash-houses, and Education respectively, must unite
forces if there is to be a co-ordinated system which will obviate overlapping. More-
over, the pohcy adoj:)! ed v^all differ in detail in accordance mth existing provision
and administration in individual areas. The following suggestions offer, therefore,
a general and not a particular solution of the problems involved : —
Verminous cliilcben form, as has been already stated, a special class to be dealt
with later ; in regard to bathing provision for the non-verminous, the childi-en's
lequirements may be classified in accordance with their respective ages. In the
first instance little childi-en of six years and under are still dependent on their
mother's care, and miable to wash or dress themselves property. Although recent
reports by medical officers show how often mothers neglect these duties, there is
not the same difficulty in small children being washed at home as exists in the case
of the bigger ones, while the difficulties of a bath at school would be considerable
where one attendant had them all to wash and di'ess ! In the case of the Infant
Classes, therefore, school batliing might be made the exception rather than the rule,
and reserved only for httle children specially recommended by their- teachers. This
plan is followed in one school in a poor neighboiurhood, and has met with decided
success in the eyes of the Head Mistress. The teachers give in the names of appar-
ently neglected children, who are then sent down to the attendant to be washed, and,
when bad conditions are noticed, the school niu-se follows up the case. Mothers
dislike the remarks made by other mothers about their neglect, and make efforts to
see that their children are not treated specially on a second occasion.
At six or seven, when the child is beginning to have to di'ess itself and manage
its own affairs, the school can help in the formation of good habits by a regular
system of bathing, during which the child is taught by practice the meaning of
cleanliness. Shower baths for childi-en of seven to eleven years of age may be
exceedingly simple, a fine of showers, under each of which a child stands with its
feet in a small tiled or concreted depression, is aU that is necessary ; the showers
should be at an inclined angle, not directly overhead, and should be controlled in
groups of thi'ee or four to avoid unnecessary waste of water when several childi'en
are absent. It is very undesirable that water should be allowed to flow from one
child's bathing-station to the next, or that the foot-trough should be a continuous
one, as the water may be polluted in many ways by those untrained in cleanly habits,
despite vigilant supervision. Separate dressing-boxes or partitions avoid any admix-
ture of clothes, and some simple arrangement to prevent the chill caused by stand-
ing on concrete is desirable. All the materials used in construction should be easy
to clean and admit of constant hosing out. Economy at the outset in regard to
this matter may lead to inefficiency, or increased cost in labour. Proper receptacles
85
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
should be provided for soap, and each child supplied with a clean rubber, and either
his own towel or a clean one, as both towels and rubbers may be sources of infection.
Specimen forms for obtaining the parent's consent to school baths for his cliildren
are appended at the end of tliis section.
Simple shower baths may be situated either at the school, or in a central school-
bath estabUshment when several schools are in close proximity, or else at the
PubKc Baths. The first would appear to be the most desirable arrangement, as
the bathing can then be under the control of the head teacher. Less time will
be lost, there v.ill be fewer wet-weather difficulties and less Ukehhood of catching
cold. Moreover, when the baths are on the premises the teachers are more likely
to take an active interest in them, and to co-operate to make them popidar among
the children. The sprays provided should be of a number sufficient to bath one-
half or one-third of a class at once, and by this arrangement, together with the use
of double dressing-box accommodation, the loss of time involved in any one class
is reduced to a minimum.
Arrangements which do not allow of privacy are unsuitable for gMs in the The upper
upper standards. It is noticeable that in a report on School Baths in Germany, standards,
pubhshed for the London County Council in 1906, Roman Cathohc parents are
stated to have refused to allow their girls to use School Baths, unless proper pro-
vision were made in this respect, whereas, in other places, the necessity for it seems
to have been either ignored or inadequately met. Moreover, both boys and girls
are probably out-growing the size of the baths and need more water and space. In
a central school-bath estabUshment it might be possible to combine baths for the
younger children, with a system of sprays with dressing-rooms attached, suitable for
the upper standards and continuation scholars. In towns where there is a good
system of private school baths in connection with the swimming bath their use
might precede the swimming lesson, or free tickets could be given for the cottage
baths, to be used at specified times and returned signed by the attendant. The
advantage of any of these methods lies in the fact that the child would gradually
learn to dissociate the habit of bathing from attendance at school.
Where no other arrangement is possible for the uj^jser standards, a compromise
may be effected by the use of curtains at the school baths, or the provision of cotton
costumes for the older girls, but all such contrivances are in the nature of makeshifts.
It is to be hoped that the practice of cleanhness may form part of jihysical Continuation
education in the continuation schools of the future.
ADDENDA TO SECTION V
Cheap Bathing Facilities for Boys and Girls in Llverpool
The following notes on the provision made for cheap bathing for young people in
Liverpool in the year 1913-14, show the varied means which may be adopted in a single
area. Children who avail themselves of the reduced fee in the first-class baths are
excluded.
School B tths
Sixteen schools have swiiiiining baths attached, at which 3705 bdvs and U)3.) girl.s
bathed regularly during the year. In addition to this, two schools are fitted witli sjjray
86
REPOKT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
baths, at which 500 boys and 210 gurls bathed weekly. If the school year be estimated
as a period of forty-two weeks, i.e. allowing for interruptions and holidays, the total
number of baths given annually would be not less than 256,620.
Baths Reserved Exclusively for Boys and Girls under Fifteen Years of Age
Three free open-air baths are reserved for the use of boys, and a fourth is open for
girls also, and suppUed with adequate cleaning and disinfecting apparatus by the Health
Committee. In all 468,447 boys and 8748 girls availed themselves of these facilities.
There is also a children's covered swimming-pond at Burroughs Garden, to which children
in charge of a responsible person are admitted at id. out of school hours, and free when
in classes : 20,986 boys attended this bath out of school hours, and 14,262 boys and
3286 girls went from school in classes.
Sprays at Beacon Street Public Baths
The spray baths at tliis establishment are free for school cliildren, and of the total
bathers, 54 per cent, come under this category. 7441 boys and 46 girls made use of them.
Second-Class Public Sunmming Baths
Young people under sixteen years of age are admitted to the PubUc Baths for Id.
and school children out of school hom-s for id. During school hom-s classes of children
are granted free admission. The following figures show the use made of these facilities : —
BOV.S.
GlBLS.
Total Number of Children.
Under 16
at Id.
Scliool
Children
atjd.
Scliool
Children
Free.
Telegraph
Messengers.
Boys from
" Inde-
fatigable."
Under 16
at Id.
School
Children
at id.
School
Children
Free.
Boys.
Girls.
Total.
251,441
31,722
193,053
5,888
185
23,277
250
32,206
482,289
55,733
538,(.t22
Hence it is estimated that at least 1,317,000 cheap or free baths were given in the year,
of which 1,172,000 were for boys and 145,000 for girls.
The arrangements made for school children's bathing in certain large towns are quoted
below from notices sent out by their local authorities.
MANCHESTER
REGtTLATIONS FOE THE BaTHTNG OF SCHOOL ChILDKEN
The Baths Committee are desirous of maldng arrangements for the Free Bathing of
Scholars using the Second-Class Swimming Baths. With this object, they submit to the
School Authorities, Masters, and Teachers the following Regulations, and trust to receive
the co-operation of those in charge of the various Schools, so that the privileges offered
may be taken advantage of to the fullest possible extent : —
Free Bathing of School Children
The Baths Committee will admit Scholars over the age of Seven years free into the
Second-Class Swimming-Baths on any week-day, except Saturday, if in charge of a
;\Iaster or Teacher ; and will provide the requisite Towels and Bathing-Drawers. Those
ill charge are to be held responsible for the orderly conduct of the Scholars whilst using
the Baths, and must remain so as to have the Scholars in their view imtil they leave.
The above regulations will be in operation from April 1st to April 30th, 1914, from
8 A.M. to 4.30 P..M., and from May 1st to September 30th, 1914, between G a.m. and 4.30 p.m.,
and from October 1st, 1914, to March 31st, 1915 between 9 a.m. and 4.30 p.m.
Those Scholars desirous of using the Baths unaccompanied by a Teacher, or at times
87
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
other than those named, can do so at a charge of One Penny to the First-Class or a Half-
penny to the Second-Class Swimming Bath.
These conditions do not apply to the Pirst-Class Swimming-Bath at Victoria and
Withington Baths.
The times during which the above special rates apply are as follows : From time of
opening until 5.30 p.m. each week-day with the exception of Saturday, and on Saturday
until 12 noon.
Under no circumstances will Scholars be allowed to use the Baths free of charge
unless under the direct and continued control of a Teacher.
The Baths Committee would particularly draw the attention of Managers of PubUc
Elementary Schools to the permission given by the Education Department for Scholars
to leave their classes during School Hours for the purpose of visiting Swimming Baths.
Free Teaching of Svnmming
The Baths, etc.. Committee appoint Male and Female Swimming Instructors who,
during the Bathing Season, give free lessons in swimming to all Scholars using the Second-
Class Smmming Baths under special conditions.
In order that the instruction may be as effective as possible, the Committee request
that the Teachers of the various Schools will, when practicable, send at different times
groups of Scholars who cannot swim, so that the Swimming Instructor may more readily
deal with them.
If the most convenient times for the proposed visits of the Scholars could be mutually
arranged between the School Master and Bath Managers, overcrowding and clashing may
be prevented.
With a view to making the instruction more effective, it is desirable that the sugges-
tions re the days and times of the Scholars' visits should be made as early in the season
as possible.
Free Bathing of Scholars during the Summer Holidays
{From July I8th to August 15th, 1914, inclusive)
Free admission will be granted to the Second-Class Smmming Bath to scholars upon
the days and during the times given below. Swimming Teachers will be in attendance.
Male Scholars
Bradford, Cheetham, Harpurhey, Leaf Street, Mayfield, New Ishngton, Newton
Heath, Whitworth, Osborne Street, and Red Bank Baths — Each Tuesday and Friday
from 9 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.
Gorton Baths — Each Wednesday and Friday from 9 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.
Female Scholars
Cheetham, Newton Heath, Whitworth, and Red Bank Baths — Each Thursday from
9 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.
Gorton Baths — Each Tuesday from 9 a.m. tu 4.30 p.m.
Bradford, Harpurhey, Leaf Street, Mayfield, New Islington, and Osborne Street
Baths — Each Tuesday and Friday from 9 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.
Victoria, Withington, and Moss Side Baths are not included in the above regulations.
The rule as to attendance of Teachers will be temporarily suspended, so as to allow
of Scholars making a more free use of the Baths during the School HoKdays.
Special Inducement to Sclwlars
Presentation of Free Ticket admitting to any of the Manchester Corporation Swimming Baths
The Baths Committee will present a Twelve Months' Free Ticket, admitting the
holder to any of the Manchester Corporation Second-Class Swimming Baths, to all Scholars
(Male or Female) who shall hereafter win any of the Championships competed for under
the auspices of the Manchester and SaLford District School Swimming Association.
The Committee wU also present a similar Ticket to all Scholars attending a Manchester
88
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
School who shall hereafter obtain Proficiency Certificates from the Royal Life Saving
Society.
Swimming Proficiency
Scholars able to swim the following distances will be presented with a Free Ticket
admitting to the Baths for twelve months, also a Certificate : —
Male Scholars (under 13 years) ..... 200 yards.
( „ 14 „ ) 500 ' „
Female Scholars (under 13 years) ..... 100 „
., ( ., 14 ,, ) . . . . 200 „
No Scholar eligible to compete for awards for both distances in any one season.
The Committee appeal to School Authorities and Teachers to make these concessions
widely known, so that as many Scholars as possible may be encouraged to take advantage
of the offer.
CITY OF BIRMINGHAM
Baths Depabtment
Rules and Regulations re Bathing of School Children
1 . Period of Bathing
The Second-Class Baths of this City will be available for the attendance of Elementary
School Children from the 1st day of April luitil the 21st day of October, inclusive, at the
times stated hereunder.
2. Times and Days for the Attendance of Boys
Boys can attend between the hours of 7 a.m. and 1 p.m. on Tuesday, Wednesday,
Thursday, and Friday of each week.
On Tuesday and Friday the depth of tlie water at the shallow end will be reduced to
2 feet 3 inches, for the smaller children, but On Wednesday and Thursday the minimum
depth of the water will vary between 3 feet 3 inches and 3 feet 6 inches.
3. Times and Days for the Altend/mce of Girls.
Girls can attend between the hours of 2.30 p.m. and 6 p.m., when the bath is reserved
for females.
The small Teaching Baths at Woodcock Street and Kent Street may be reserved for
Special Classes during the week, by arrangement Avith the Superintendent Engineer,
between the hours of 7 a.m. and 6 p.m.
4. Attendance at Baths.
(a) Each School must bo accompanied at the Baths by at least one adult teacher (or
authorised adult) during the whole time the children are bathing, and such adult will be
held responsible by the Baths Committee for conducting the children in a quiet and
orderly manner.
(h) On arrival at the EstabUshment, Scholars will wait in the corridor adjoining the
Swimming Bath, the person in charge giving up a ticket for each one present to the
Money-taker, and in exchange for same a Pass will be given, upon which will be stated the
total number to bo admitted. The pass ticket must then be handed to the attendant in
charge, after which eacli child will receive a towel and then enter the Bath.
(c) It is particularly requested that the children be instructed to be as quiet as
possible when in the water, so that a shout from a child in trouble could be easily detected
and an accident prevented.
{d) It is also desirable that special attention be given to the instructions of the
Attendant as to which side of the Bath the children are to occupy, in order that accom-
modation may be provided on one side of the Bath for the next School due on the Time
Table.
(e) Each School must attend at its proper time and leave not later than the hour
89
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
at which the next School is due. Should, however, a School be more than five minutes
late, admittance to the Bath will be refused.
(/) More than one School may attend at the same time, providing the total number
of scholars does not exceed 1 00.
5. Bathing Caps.
All girls must wear a Bathing Cap.
6. Washing.
All boys and girls must wash their feet in the special small bath provided, previous to
entering the Swimming Bath, and the co-operation of all teachers is reqviested to assist
the Baths Department in carrjring out this Regulation.
7. Tickets.
(a) A Teacher who desires to enter the water for the purpose of giving swimming
instruction may do so by giving up a id. ticket to the Money -taker, provided another
adult is present to look after the children.
(6) Scholars may attend in numbers not exceeding fifteen for the purpose of being
taught the art of swimming, after school hours and before 6 p.m., except on Saturdays
after 12 noon, and Sundays, and must be in charge of a Teacher. Admissions on these
occasions will be by means of the id. tickets. If the Teacher desires to enter the water
with the scholars, he will be admitted with a scholar's M. ticket, and will be provided
with two towels.
(c) During hoUdays only children can purchase id. tickets from the Money-taker, if
the school at which the scholars attend is registered to meet at the establishment at
which such tickets are appHed for. At all other times the tickets must be obtained from
the Schoolmaster or Head Teacher.
(d) The Officer in charge of the Establishment may refuse admission to any boy or
girl who in his opinion is too young to be allowed to enter the water ^vith safety.
S. Free Pa.s.sr.s.
(a) A Free Ticket to the Second-Class Swimming Bath will be granted by the Baths
Committee (subject to the conditions stated thereon), to any boy or girl who can swim
one length of the Bath (not less than 75 feet long) at the Annual Competition held in
October of each year.
These Free Tickets are available once each day between 7 A.:\r. and 6 p.m., and on
Saturdays until 12 o'clock noon, but vol on Siimhiy.s.
(b) The Ticket must be initialled each month by the Teacher authorised by the
Head of the School, otherwise a holder will be refused admission to the Bath.
(c) As long as a boy or girl remains at School the Free Tickets \vill ))e renewed each
year, but when a scholar leaves school the date of his (or her) leaving must be filled in by
the Teacher, and the Ticket sent to the Superintendent Engineer, who will exchange it
for an Ex-Scholar's Free Ticket, which is available for two years from the date above
referred to, subject to renewal at the expiration of one year from such date.
9. Competitiothi.
(a) The Amuial Competition must be witnessed by the Authorised Teacher and the
Officer in charge of the Establishment, and the names of all successful scholars must be
filled in on the form provided, which must be signed by the above witnesses,
(6) Only Scholars leaving School can swim for a Free Pass at any other time than
the Annual Competition in October.
(c) A furtlier form must be sent in each year giving the names of other scholars who
have previously gained a free pass.
90
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
{d) All Free Passes must be handed in at School on November 5th, and afterwards
forwarded to the Chief Office. Kent Street Baths.
R. Hoggins,
Offices Superintendent Engineer.
Kent Street. ♦
EDINBURGH SCHOOL BOARD
Regttl.\tions Reg-^rding Swimming Instruction
{Meetings of Board of Wli December 1909, I5t/i Janunnj 1912, Wi June 1912,
and mh October 1913)
I. That the usual number attending a class in Swimming be about twenty.
II. That a register be kei^t in connection with each Swmming Class, showing the
attendance of each pupil in it, and the year of instruction — the Headmaster to arrange
for the class teacher keeping said register, which shall be sent with the class to the bath.
III. That, with a view to ascertaining that adequate progress is made from year to
year, a series of tests be applied to the pupils under the supervision of independent judges.
rV'. That the main object of the test.s be to stimulate the interest of the pupils in
the art of swimming, and the aim should therefore be to pass as many as j)ossible.
V. That the increasmg difficulty be chiefly one of distance and not of scientific swim-
ming, speed, or style, although on the latter point the judges might be allowed discretion
as to exceptionally bad style.
VI. That certificates of three grades (Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced) be
granted to pupils who satisfactorily pass the tests stated below ; and that pupils who have
been awarded these certificates will be quahfied to attend a course of instruction in Life
Saving for which a special certificate will be awarded.
VII. That the Board's Swimming Instructors, teachers in the schools concerned,
and the officials of the Corporation should not be asked to act as judges.
VIII. That permission be obtained for galas as is done for school concerts.
Examination Tests
A. Elementary (1st year) —
1. Boys to swim 50 feet on breast or back. Girls 35 feet.
2. Boys to dive from side of pond. Girls to dive or jump in.
B. Intermediate (2nd year) —
1. Boys and girls to swim 50 yards in any style.
2. Boys and girls to .swim 25 yards on back.
3. Boys to dive from a height of not less than 3 feet. Girls to dive into
deep end of pond from the side.
C. Advanced (3rd year) —
1. Boys and girls to swim 100 j'ards in any of the following styles — i.e. on
breast, side, or overhand.
2. Boys and girls to swim 50 yards on back.
3. Boys to dive from height not less than 5 feet. Girls to dive from 3 feet.
4. Boys and girls to surface dive and pick up an object (say about 2 lbs. in
weight) at not less than a depth of 5 feet.
D. Life-Saving Test (4th year)^ —
1. Pupils to be proficient in land drills (rescue and release), 1st, 2nd, and
3rd methods of Royal Life-Saving Society.
2. To pull subject 8 yards by each of 1st and 2nd methods above.
3. To show a practical working knowledge of Resuscitation Drill (Schafer
Method).
91
BATHING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
IX. That at the end of each session, a return be made in connection \vith each school
to show : —
(a) The number of pupils under instruction in each year's course.
(b) The number who pass the qualLf3dng tests for each course ; and
(c) The number who fail to pass the tests in each course.
X. That land and water drills be carried through on systematic Hnes.
XI. That occasional galas be held by schools (singly or ui groups), sending pupils to
a swimming bath.
XII. That during the winter months special regard be paid to the care of the pupils
taking lessons in swimming ; and that, as far as possible, girls should receive their lesson
at the end of the school day.
Trophies Available for Annual Competition
(a) The Flora Stevenson Swimming Medal — open to boys under 14 years of age.
Distance 53 yards.
(6) The Edinburgh School Board Swimming Medal — open to girls under 14 years of
age. Distance .53 yards.
(c) The Lome Swimming Troph\- (Teams of four) — open to boys under 14 years of
age. Distance two lengths each.
(d) The Edinburgh School Board Swimming Shield (Teams of four) — open to girls
under 14 years of age. Distance one length each.
The Trophies named above to be retained for one year in the schools from which the
winners were presented. The winners to be j) resented with badges.
John Stewart,
School Board Offices, Clerk to the Board.
Castle Terrace, Edinburgh,
Uth October 1913.
COUNTY BOROUGH OF WEST HAM
Gainsborough Road Council School
Spray Baths
The Education Committee desire to call the attention of Parents to the provision
made by the Council for giving the children periodical opportunities for having a bath
at the School. It should be clearly understood, however, that withovt the loritten consent
of the parents no child will be allowed to enjoy the ■privilege. The Committee trust that it
is scarcely necessary to specify the numerous benefits derived from regular and sj^stematic
bathing ; they therefore look with confidence to the parents to co-operate with them
in their endeavours to improve the health and comfort of the children. Every care ■ndll
be taken in the management of the baths ; a woman attendant will be in constant charge ;
towels, soap, etc., will be provided free of charge. The Committee would be glad if everj'
child could receive a bath weekly, but this is impossible witli the large number of scliolars
already enrolled in this new school. It is interesting to note that in other places where
similar baths are already in use, the parents soon learnt to appreciate their value, and
that as regards the children, to be deprived of a bath is looked upon by thein as a punish-
ment. Parents who desire that their children shall receive a Spray Bath whenever
opportunity serves, are requested to signify the same by filUng up the attached form,
and returning it to the Head Teacher at the School.
Geokoe E. Hille.\ry,
Town Clerk.
^2
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
FOKM
I desire that my child (Name)
shall be allowed to attend the School Spray Bath.
(Signed) Parent.
Address
Date
SCHOOL BOARD OF GLASGOW
School Board Offices,
129 Bath Street, Glasgow.
Spkay Baths fob use of Scholars
The School Board have fitted up Spray Baths at this School, and they propose that
all children attending this School should take advantage of them. A capable attendant
will be in charge. You might sign the annexed slip and return it to the Headmaster
without delay.
By Order of the School Board,
J. Clark,
Clerk.
SCHOOL BOARD OF GLASGOW
Spbay Baths for Use of Scholars
/ Mve no objection to my Child(ren) taking axlvantage of the Spray Baths.
Signature,
The Headmaster.
SECTION VI
CLEANSING AND DISINFECTING
Many recent reports by Medical Officers of Health deal fully with the question of Recent
vermiuous persons, and iu 1913 the Chanty Organisation Society, London, under- ^''° ^'
took an investigation of the subject. It is not therefore proposed to deal with it
at length in the present report. By the Childi'en Act, 1908, a verminous child
can be cleansed at pubhc expense, and the parents summonsed for neglect ; Sanitary
Authorities liave powers which enable them to cleanse the house, but the adult
is at present free to infect the community if he so pleases.
In notes received from a social worker in the course of this inquirj' it is stated Verminous
that " generally speaking children suffer more from neglect of cleanliness in person '^ ' ^'^
and clothing than from want of food." Dr. Hope in his recent report on the
Physical Welfare of Mothers and Ciiildren lays stress on the loss of health due to
uncleanly conditions. " The part played by vermin in the health of children is
very great, want of sleep due to the irritation from vermin as well as the fact of the
conveyance of infection from child to child by Uce and other vermin emphasises
this."
The arrangements made by the Local Authorities of Aberdeen for the cleansing Necessity for
of school children are given in extenso at the end of this section as representing one '''^ansing
^ or o schemes
of the most comprehensive schemes adopted at the present time. Verminous which will
children are excluded from school ; a sanitary inspector ^-isits the house and reports l°<!lude the
home and
on its condition. Where the latter has got bej^ond the power of the parents to adults.
remedy, the whole family is transported to the cleansing station, and kept there
until the house has been thoroughly put to rights. If the trouble recurs without
excuse the parents are prosecuted, and so far convictions have been obtained on
hnes which are distinctly deterrent. It is being recognised on all hands that to
disinfect children without cleansing the home and adidts is waste of time and nionej',
and that satisfactory results can only l)e obtained where the health authoiitj'
combines with the school, to effect a cure. So long as the coinmnnity tolerates
vermin, a certain risk attaches to all |)ublic facilities as is evident from the fact that
in one case a verminous familj' arranged to have a joy ride to the cleansing station
in a taxi ! Any town which establishes a system of public baths without making
adequate provision for the cleansing of verminous persons elsewhere, is exposing
its other customers to needless risks, and courting a public opinion which is
justiffably adverse.
94
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WA8H-H0USES
ADDENDA TO SECTION VI
CLEANSING OF VERMINOUS CHILDREN
Agreement between the School Boaed of Aberdeen
AND THE Town C/OUncil of Aberdeen
Whereas the School Board is satisfied that in the proper discharge of its duties
and obligations under Section 6 of the Education (Scotland) Act, 1908, and Section 122
of the Children Act, 1908, the cleansing of verminops children cannot in manj- cases
be made effective without the simultaneous cleansing and disinfection of the whole house-
hold in which the child or children affected reside, and whereas the Town Council in
the exercise of its jjowers under the PubUc Health (Scotland) Act. 1897, with regard
to cleansing and disinfecting, is willing to co-operate with the School Board, and to supply
the necessary apparatus and service for such cleansing and disinfection, pro^aded the
School Board repa^ys to the Town Council such proportion of the outlays incurred in
connection therewith as should jiropcrly fall to he met by the School Board in discharging
its statutory duties and obligations.
Therefore the School Board and the Towti Council have agreed and hereby agree as
follows . —
1. The School Board sliall, with the assistance of an Inspector whose salary shall be
paid by the Town Council, make the necessary inspections of all school children suspected
to be verminous and of the respective hou.seholds to which such children belong, and shall
inform the Public Health Department of tlie Town Council as to the children and house-
holds which they desire the Department to cleanse and disinfect. The School Board
shall at the same time indicate to the Def)artment the extent of the cleansing and disin-
fection required, and obtain the consent of the persons concerned, and faihng such consent
shall bring such pressure to bear on the objectors as the Board's powers permit.
2. The Town Council through its Public Health Dejaartment shall carrj' out the
required cleansing and disinfection, pro\'ide the necessary staff, conveyances, ajjparatus,
and cleansing and disinfecting materials, grant the use of their premises and appliances,
and provide such bed accommodation and food, as may be required during the stay at
the disinfecting station of the persons who are being treated.
3. The Town CouncU will prepare at the close of each year, ending 15th Maj-, and
forward to the School Board, a Statement of the expenditure incurred by the Council
under this agreement, including the salar\' of the said Inspector, and an allowance of
£100 for the use of the premises and apphances at the disinfecting station of the Council,
but excluding such outlays as are appUcable solely to the cleansing of houses, the state-
ment to specify also the total number of persons cleansed at the disinfecting station under
this agreement — the niunber of school-children being separatel3^ specified.
4. The School Board shall repay to the Town Council such proportion of the total
expenditure brought out in the statement as the number of school-children bears to the
total number of persons cleansed.
5. In the event of any difference arising l)elweon the Sciinoi Board and the Town
Council as to tiic slatcment of expenditure prepared by the Town C'ouncil, and the propor-
tion payable by the School Board, or as to anj^ other matter under this agreement, such
difference shall be settled by the Senior Slieriff Substitute of Aberdeen, or, faihng him
by the Sheriff Substitute of Aberdeen next in order of seniority.
6. This agreement shall be terminable at any time by mutual consent, or at 15th May
in any year on three months' pre\dous notice from either party.
95
CLEANSING AND DISINFECTING
ABERDEEN SCHOOL BOARD
Medical Inspection Defartaient (Cleansikg)
Infectious Disease Notice
Vermin of the Body
Where vermin are found on the body, infection has occurred from some outside
source. It is a mistake to tliink that this condition arises from ill-health, bad hygienic
conditions, or poor feeding. It is a still greater mistake to think that it is due to so-cjdied
" strength " on the part of those affected.
As children who suffer from this condition are likely to have infected, or to have been
infected by, others of the family, all the members of the household have to be treated in
order to effect a cure. Partial measures are of no use. The \ermin will appear again
and again until thorough treatment of the family be adopted.
Treatment. — Every member of a family should wash the whole body in the morning
with hot water and soap, and put on clothes which have been disinfected. Ail the bedding
and body clothing must be disinfected.
To Disinfect Clothing. — Cotton and linen clothes shcjuld be boileil ; wnollen clothes
should be steeped for three hours in a disinfectant, which may be obtainctl on any day
at o'clock, from the Janitor of the school the children attend. A ])int bottle is
required to carry the disinfectant.
While the above method of deahng with the family and clothing will, in many cases,
effect a cure, it is practically impossible for a family which has no change of bed and
body clothing to make itself clean. In such cases the whole family must go to the
Cleansing Station, and every scrap of bed and body clothing should be handed for disin-
fection to the Sanitaiy Authority, which wiU at the same time see that the house is
thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. This course is strongly advised by both the Medical
Officer of the Board and the Sanitary Authority, as the only possible method of effecting
a cure.
Re-infection. — Where the parent or g\iai'dian neglects to carry out the instructions
for the proper cleansing of the child, or where the child is found re-infected, the child,
without any further notice or warrant, may be removed from the school to the Cleansing
Station, and detained there until it is made clean. The power of the School Board to
take this step is found in the Children Act, Section 122 (2) which reads as follows : —
" If the person to whom any such notice as aforesaid is given, fails to comply
therewith within twenty-four hours, the Medical Officer, or some person provided
with and, if required, exhibiting the authority in writing of the Medical Officer,
may remove the child referred to in the notice from any such school, and may
cause the person and clothing of the child to be properly cleansed, in suitable
premises, and with suitable appliances, and may, if necessary for that purpose,
without any warrant other than this section, convey to such premises and there
detain the child until the cleansing is effected."
Parents who allow their children to become, and continue verminous, are liable
under the Act to be prosecuted and fined.
Children who have been found verminous, will, on their return to school, be examined
at frequent intervals, to ensure that they remain free from infection.
As the School Board beUeves that children attending school can quickly be freed
from the verminous conditions that form a menace to their own health and that of
their neighbours, the Medical Officer has been instructed to strictly enforce the law.
George Rose,
Medical Officer of the Board,
Union Terrace,
Aberdeen, Jammrij 1911.
96
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
ABERDEEN SCHOOL BOARD
Medical Department (Cleaksing)
Infectious Disease Notice
Itch
Itch or Scab is a disease due to the presence of a small animal which burrows and
lays its eggs in the skin, causing small bUsters. and giving rise to the discomfortr and
itching at night which indicate the j^resence of the disease. It is highly infections, and
where one member of a family has become affected, almost certainlj' others will be involved.
Treatment should therefore be given to all members of the family, ivh ether they have the
/symptoms or not.
Infection is spread through contact with affected persons or with their clothing.
While it is easy to effect a cure by followiag proper methods of treatment, unless these
are carefully attended to, labour will be wasted, and disappointment result.
Treatment. — First wash the whole Body with hot \\'ater and soap (soft soap for adults),
using a brush, and scrubbing well. After drying, apply sulphur ointment to every part
of the body, excepting the face. A large amount of ointment is not required, but everj'
part should be treated, as it is of no use api^lying the ointment only to the places that
seem to be aft'ccted. This jjrocess should be repeated for six nights, and in the follo^ving
morning a hot bath should be taken, or a sponge ^^^th hot water, and clothes ■\\hich have
been cleaned and disinfected should be f)nt on.
To Clean Bed and Body Clot hr.i. -Cotton and linen clothes should be boiled ; woollen
clothes should be steeped for three hours in a disinfectant, to be obtained at 9-9.30 o'clock
from the Janitor of the school the children attend. A pint bottle Mill be i-equired to hold
the disinfectant.
It is best to have the clothing disinfected by the Sanitary Authority, who, on notice
being given, will remove the clothing and deal with it. Where there is no change of bed
and body clothes, the Sanitary Authority will undertake to remove and treat even the
whole family, and disinfect the house and clothing. As the process occupies only a day
or two, and a thorough cure can be guaranteed, it would be well that this method should
be followed.
George Rose,
Medical Officer of the Board.
Union Tiurace,
Aberdeen, 3/(!/i7f 1!)I1.
SECTION YII
THE SANITATION OF SWIMMING PONDS
The condition of the water in swimming ponds after use by a number of bathers has Present
attracted considerable attention in recent years. In America, valuable scientific P°s"ion in
'' regard to
work on this subject is now accumulating, and Medical Officers of Health in the knowledge.
United ffingdora have in one or two instances definitely attacked the problem at
issue.
The principal sources of contamination may be summarised as follows : — Sources of
1. Dirt and mud carried into the bath from the sides. ..
2. Excretions due to objectionable habits on the part of the bathers — these
excretions may include pathogenic organisms from persons suffering from disease.
3. Excretions from the skin and — in the case of gu'ls — long hairs.
4. The fluff and dye from bathing costumes.
If the contamination resulting from the causes just enumerated is to be Preventive
adequately dealt with, recourse must be had to both preventive and remedial ^°„J^g '^
measures, and the attendants educated to realise their importance, together with the necessary,
results which negligence may entail.
A good deal of contamination may be averted by suitable bath construction Preventive
at the outset. The chief sanitary requirements appear to be : — measures.
1. A sniootli bath-lining which will afford no lodgment for the accumulation (1) Baths
of dirt and bacteria — rounded tiles at the corners and at the angle between the ^'""^ "^"^ '"'■
sides and the bottom of the bath are of importance in this respect.
2. Adequate arrangements for washing previous to entering the water.
3. Sufficient toilet arrangements.
4. Surface overflows, so arranged that any dirt from the side-walks is caught
there and does not pass into the pond water.
5. Side-wallis sloping slightly away from the pond.
6. An efficient filtration plant.
Education in the use of public facilities has an important effect in reducing (2) Educa-
contamination. A leaflet issued by the medical officer, giving teachers simple
directions as to the necessary teaching of the children in regard to spitting in the
water, and to the fact that contact with cold water may cause urination, together
with the importance of scrupulous cleanliness before a swim, might help to remedy
some of the most flagrant abuses, provided always that it was enforced by practice.
The use of caps is desirable, and also the piohibition of bathing costumes which (3) Use of
stain the water or have fluffy surfaces. .
Even, however, where these preventive measures are enforced, contanimation costumes,
sufficient tu ('all for a cure ratlier than for prevention, ensues sooner or later. Sudi
98
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Results of
contamina-
tion.
Methods for
ensuring
clean water.
Constant
refilling.
Dilution.
Filtration.
contammation results in a change in the chemical and physical condition of the
water, which becomes charged with soUds, and of a different colour ; there is also
a change in its bacteriological content. The first change is readily perceptible and
will ehcit complaint on the part of bathers, the second may entail real danger, and
is altogether beyond detection except by skilled anatyses. It was only to be expected
that popular attention should be drawn fii'st to the perceptible effects of contamina-
tion, and to means whereby the water could be maintained in an apparently clean
and attractive condition. Three methods of attaining this end are in vogue at
the present time.
1. Emptying and refilling the bath at frequent intervals.
2. Providing for a constant flow of clean water through the bath, i.e. dilution.
3. Filtration.
The method of constant refilling is losing ground in the large towns, as, if it is
to be in any waj' effective, it entails heavy expenditure and the use of an enormous
quantity of water. Baths in summer may require to be refilled every day, and
even then the water for the latest comers is unfit for use. Dilution alone entails
a considerable supply of water, and, unless the whole bath-water is cleaned out at
intervals, it wUl always be more or less contaminated. Difficulties in regard to
these metliods led to experiments in filtration, by means of which the water is con-
stantly being withdrawn from the bath, passed through gravel or sand, aerated,
and returned. The principal filtration plants in this country have been supplied
by Messrs Royles. Messrs. Bell, and The Turnover Company : they differ in detail,
but the objects aimed at in each are the same, i.e. the elimination of all slime and
solid matter by filtration, and the aeration of the water. A certain amount of dilu-
tion is necessary owing to loss by splashing, etc., but, apart from this, filtered
water may be kept in a bath for months or even years without apparent deteriora-
tion, although in the latter case it is possible that little of the original water
remains.
The foUowmg conditions are essential to the success of any filtration scheme : —
( 1 ) The filter must be adequate to deal with the maximum pressure demanded
of it, otherwise the water may become very much polluted after an im-ush of
bathers, and the argument that filtration provides clean water for ever}' s\\immer
falls to the ground.
(2) The filter-beds should be so contrived as to admit of a thorough cleansing
of all the parts, and this cleansing should take place at frequent intervals.
(3) The inlets to, and outlets from the bath, should be arranged to mitigate the
difficulty caused by small eddies, where the water being out of the general current
may escape filtration altogether.
(4) There should be adequate arrangements to prevent accumulations of slime
on the sides or bottom of the bath.
(5) Fiom the point of view of economj', a filter wliicli can be so regulated as
to work below its maximum when the latter is unnecessary, is preferable to one
which maintains top speed whatever the condition of the water.
Where regard is had to the above conditions filtration gives satisfactory
results, and reference to the table on page 102 shoM's that it is being increasmgly
99
THE SANITATION OF SWIMMING PONDS
adopted, especially where water charges are heavy, or the water from the mains is
subject to discoloration. Moreover, where baths depend on tlieu- own wells it
may be impossible to refill as often as is desirable.
In considering the expenditure on filtration, as compared with refilling, the
following factors should be taken into account. Filtration and seration plant
involve considerable capital expenditure, i.e. from about £800 to £1300, varying of
course with the amount of water to be dealt with. It will also entail expenditure
on fuel for pumpmg pvu-poses which may balance the original cost of heating fresh
water. On the other hand, the water charge is distinctly lower, and the labour
entailed in emptying, refilling, and heating, can be avoided.
In cases where the water is much fouled the use of a coagulent, e.g. alumino- Use o£ co-
ferric, will improve the results of filtration. A series of interesting experiments in ^sulents.
regard to this are quoted in Dr. Houston's Studies in Water Supply.
It cannot be too clearly stated, that although filtration gives satisfactory Filtration
results in regard to the cleanliness and appearance of the water, it affects the pre- °°' eQuiva-
sence of harmful organisms only in so far as it gets rid of deposits which harbour sterilisation,
them. To effect stcriEsation, i.e. to render bathing safe, the water must either be
constantly changed and the bath scrubbed out, or steriUsing agencies must be
employed. The former method gives no immunity to those who enter the bath
after an infected person, the latter renders his presence medically innocuous.
Sufficient evidence has now accumulated to show that the possibility of InSections
contracting disease through bathing exists, although, as has been pointed out in ^"'""^^^
Section II. on private baths, there can be no question that the few who have bathing,
suffered are out of all comparison with the numbers of those who have benefited
by the extension of bathing faciUties. Evidence has been adduced to show
that the following infections may occur through contact with water con-
tammated by specific organisms : —
1. Eye and ear infections, referred to in a paper by Dr. Pearce contributed to
the Lancet, Aug. 20th, 1910 ; by Dr. Graham-Forbes at the Medical Officers of Schools
Association meeting, 1912, and also by Dr. Wallace Manheimer, who quotes four
examples.
2. Venereal disease. Two outbreaks of gonorrhoea among girls have been
referred to bathing : the first to contaminated swimming bath water, the second
to indiscriminate bathing together in the same bath tub, and to the use of the
same towel.
3. Intestinal disease due to swallowing infected water. A typhoid outbreak
apparently due to bathing in water contaminated by sewage was reported by
Dr. Reece in the Local Government Board (England) Report 1908-1909, and a
number of mstances are quoted by Dr. Wallace Manheimer.
The contraction of skin diseases, e.g. molluscum contagiosum, is probably due
to the use of infected towels rather than to water contact.
Dr. A. C. Houston, Director of Water Examination, MetropoUtan Water Board, Methods of
has shown, by means of experiments conducted during the past few yeai's, that it "^ .'
is possible to use contaminated rivers as sources of water supply, provided that
adequate means of sterilisation are employed, and it appears that sentiment is the
100
Importance
oj accuracy
in sterilisa-
tion.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATH8 AND VVASH-HOU8ES
main objection to thi.s coiuse. Dr. Wallace Manhcimcr of the Reseai'ch Labora-
tory of the Depaitment of Health, New York, has conducted a series of valuable
experiments with a view to the standardisation of swimming bath water. The
substances experimented with so far are Calcium Hypochlorite, Chlorine Gas,
Lectrocide, and Copper Sulphate, and the results obtained are given as follows : —
'' The relative etWciency of chemicals for water disinfection may be expressed as
follows :
" (a) Calcium Hypochlorite ; high efficiency, low cost, some, but not much care
necessary in handling.
" (6) Chlorine gas : efficiency high, cost very low, easily handled.
"'(c) Lectrocide ' : cost ten times as much as hypochlorite, liigh efficiency, very easily
handled.
" (d) Copper sulphate : cost high, efficiency low, stains tUes, causes reduction in
transparency of water, easily handled."
Experiments have now been undertaken as to the effect on the water of ultra-
violet light rays and ozone, but the work in these is not sufficiently advanced to
justify their inclusion in this report.
Dr. Alexander, Medical Officer of Health for Poplar, has advocated the use of
electrolytic fluid, i.e. a solution of magnesium hypochlorite, "prepared by electro-
lysis of Water Board water, containing certain definite proportions of Sodium
Chloride and Magnesium Chloride," and claims that it is the least destnictive of
the hypochlorites where clothing is concerned, in addition to being non-caustic and
non-poisonous. The fluid has been successfully used in Poplar, and several other
municipalities are now taking up the question of its use in connection with swimming
baths, the proportion allowed being 1 part of Chlorine to 2,000,000 parts of water.
The cost of manufacture is given in the 1915 report as £2 per 1000 gallons or rather
under id. per gallon. Thirty gallons of the fluid are added on first filling a bath
of 85,000 gallons capacity, and additions made at intervals of two or three days.
No filtration plant is in use, but the waier is frequently changed.
A sterilismg dose of bleaching-powder (Chloride of lime) (about 33 per cent,
available chlorine) consists of fifteen pounds per million gallons : " Chloros " —
sodium-hypochlorite containing 10 per cent, to 14 per cent, available chlorine has
been used for dismfecting, or lime (Calcium oxide) may be used instead, in the pro-
portion of about two parts for 100,000 parts of water in excess of the amount
necessary to combme with the bi-carbonates present, and to neutralise the carbon
dioxide, etc.
The claims of liquid chlorine in preference to the hypochlorites have been
strongly pressed both in America and this country, on tlie score of convenience m
handling and of more certain results. The conclusion reached by Mr. C. R. Avery
in work for the Provincial Board of Health, Ontario 1914, was, however, as follows :
" If a normal water supply be treated with the same amount of available chlorine,
whether derived from bleaching-powder or liquid chlorine, and provided projier
mixing takes place, the disinfection in either case M'ill be the same."
It should be clearly understood that whatever method of steriUsation is adopted,
haphazard application of that method is probably waste of time and money, " a
handful of lime added to the water occasionally " may be actually dangerous, as
101
THE SANITATION OF SWIMMING PONDS
conferring a fallacious sense of security and so causing less attention in regard to
preventive measures.
Several points are at present engaging the attention of those emplo5'ed in
experimental work. It appears somewhat uncertain whether the sterilising agent
is most effective if apphed as a single dose or in a graduated series ; the former
method is stated to be most effective in the case of chlorine, the latter for copper
sulphate. Again the period of time during which the chemical used sliould be in
contact mth the water in order to effect sterilisation is indefinite, but both American
and English authorities agree that some hours should be allowed, e.g. bath water
should be sterilised in the evening and not immediately before the entry of bathers.
The even distribution of the chemical employed is an important factor of
success. Where chlorine in any form is used it may give rise to irritation of the
eyes and throat, and any undue concentration in one part of the water will result
not only in a failure to sterilise the whole bulk of water, but in discomfort for those
entering the overdosed area. Where the hypochlorites are used, the dose may
suitably be put into cheese-cloth bags, which are then dragged across the bath from
side to side, well under water, tUl the substance has permeated the bath. Ingenious
apparatus whereby liquid chlorine can be automatically fed to the water are now
on the market.
The following quotation from Dr. Wallace Manheimer's paper on the " iSanita- Instance of
tiou of Swimming Pools " gives some indication of the procedure necessary' to keep *°^1"* ^
a swimming bath in a satisfactory condition.
■• Wuia- : Filtered, refiltered city water. Capacity, 250,000 gallons. Water used for
one or two months. Cost sHght.
Management of ivater : Gravity sand filter, used for filtration and for refiltration.
Anhydrous chlorine added in first series of tests, calcium hypochlorite in second. Pool
filled once in two months, depending upon the results of appropriate tests.
Bacteriological Examination with Anhydrous Chlorine
A. Quantitativu Analysis.
Tap sample (control)
After 7 days' use by 1800 men a.m. .
After 11 days' use by 2100 men p.m.
After 8 days' use by 2100 men a.m. .
After 11 days' use by 2400 men p.m.
Test from filter ....
A. Quantitative Analysis.
After 7 da^s' use by 2100 men
After 11 days' use by 3300 men
Discussion : The water was in excellent condition throughout u.se. Anhydrous
chlorine and calcium hypochlorite were equally efficient in reducing bacterial pollution.
Refiltration kept the water so clear that the smallest object was discermble on the tioor
of the pool. Cost of maintenance greatly reduced. Technic of this pool is recommended."
igar 37° C.
per c.c.
Gelatin 20° C.
per c.c.
B. Qualitative
Analysis for
Colon Bacilli
. 20
(30
per c.c.
0
5
540
0
. 50
600
0
. 50
290
0
. 60
520
0
. 5
410
0
WITH C
ALciu.M Hypochlorite
Agar 37" C.
per c.c.
B. Qualitative
Atnilysis for
Colon Bacilli
.
800
jior c.c.
0
2300
0
102
Towns
which have
adopted bath
tiltration.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
It is obvious from the following table, that whereas many places in the United
Kingdom have adopted filtration with a view to clarifying the water, the further
question of sterilisation is largely one for future consideration.
TABLE XIII
Showing Establishments where systematic Water Purification has been adopted,
with comments made by the Local Authority on the results attained.
Town.
Arbroath,
Batley,
Belfast (2), 1
(1),^
Birmmgham (1),*
Blackpool,
Bradford (4),i
Brighouse,
Bury,
Castleford,
Clydebanli,
Colne,
Doncaster,
Dumbarton,
Dundee (1),^
Dunfermline,
East Ham,
Eccles,
Featherstone
Ferndale
(Rhondda),
Finchley,
Forfar,
FuUiam,
Gateshead,
Gorbala,
Hamilton,
Huddersfiekl,
Hull (l),i
IsUngton (2),i
Keighley,
Leicester (I),*
System of
Filtration
adopted.
Remarks made by the Local Authorit}'.
No further information.
Very satisfactory.
Turnover.
Royles'.
Royles'.
Royles'.
Turnover
Royles'.
Royles',
Royles' ,
Royles' ,
Bell's,
Satisfactory.
Excellent.
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Bell's,
Royles',
Royles',
Very successful.
Very successful.
Satisfactory
Doing good service — considerable expenditure in
water has been saved.
No' further information.
Excellent.
Excellent.
In addition to the aerating plant a small quantity of
chloros is added to the water aljout twice a week,
also alumino -ferric about ever}' other daj'.
Exceedingly good. The water kept very clear \vith
the use of a httle sulphate of alumina and hme. In
summer the filters are cleaned out daily and in
winter three times a week. The water in the
swimming pond is changed annually.
Excellent.
Very satisfactory. Economica\ in water. Analysed
after much use, water really purer than first filling.
No further information.
Pulsoiueter
patent filter
Royles',
and
.iErator,
Royles',
Royles',
Bell's.
EUis,
Royles'.
Royles',
Royles',
Very satisfactory. Addition of alumino-ferric occa-
sionaUy.
Water used over 32 months. Great saving in coal
and water.
Water Uke crystal except during occasional heavy use
in summer.
Very efficacious.
Electrical disinfecting — savuig in water. Clarifies
and makes water look quite fresh.
Satisfactory. Has effected a saving in water.
Very satisfactory.
Very satisfactory.
Eminently satisfactory.
1 Bracketed figures indicate the numher of swimming bath establishments.
103
THE SANITATION OF SWIMMING PONDS
TABLE XIII.— continued.
Town.
Liverpool (1),^
Manchester (33)/
Middlesbrough,
System of
Filtration
adopted.
Rovles',
Nelson,
Newcastle (1),*
Newcastle-under-
Lyme,
Oldham (2),»
Paisley,
Poplar,
Royton,
Rochdale,
Salford (5),i
Smethwick,
South Sliields(l),i
Stockport,
Stockton-on-Tees
Stretford (2),i
Swinton and
Pendlebury,
Torquay,
Wallasey,
Wallsend,
Whitchurch,
Wigan,
Wolverhampton
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Sand filter,
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Royle.s',
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Royles',
Roj'Ies',
Remarks made bv tlie Local Authority.
Has given satisfaction.
Satisfactory. Anything less than capacity to com-
pletely change the water of a given bath by passing
over aerator and through filter in six to eight hours
is not to be reUed upon to deal with abnormal
circumstances.
Proved successful. The water is f)umped out at the
rate of 12,000 gals. j)er hour, and the whole of the
60,000 gals, swimming bath water thus treated
every 5 hours. Previous to inauguration of the
system bath filled twice a week. Water was
peaty, now pellucid. Economy in water and
heating.
Chloros used occasionaUj^. Alumino-ferric is injected
before water enters the filter.
Useful, economical.
Steam suction for removing sediment from floor of
swimming baths without emptying same. Baths
disinfected chloros.
Very good.
Excellent.
Electrolytic fluid (see explanation given in body of
Report) .
Very satisfactory.
Satisfactory.
Good.
Worldng satisfactorily.
Beneficial and more conducive to bathing, easy of
operation, saves water. Changes 90,000 gals, in
9 hours. Water not quite clear as capacity in-
adequate. Water changed 9 times yearly.
Good.
Electrolj'tic fluid (see explanation given in body of
Report).
Highly successful. Has eSected an annual saving in
the water charges of approximately £140 at each
estabHshment.
Adopted in 1907, but water is also changed twice
weekly.
Satisfacto^J^
Considered to be excellent in every respect by
swimmers.
Keeps water in practically constant state of purit}-.
Substantial annual economy in cost of water.
Very satisfactorJ^
Water kept in good condition, indispensable.
Satisfactory.
1 Bracketed figures indicate the number of swimming bath establishments.
The growth of Algae, i.e. minute green plants which form slime or scum in the Algal
water, may give rise to considerable trouble, especially where the summing bath is ^°
exposed to bright sunlight. To combat this condition, Dr. Houston recommends
the use of copper sulphate about the month of February, but its application should
104
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
be subject to expert advice in the fii'st instance. It would appear that whereas
the hypochlorites are more effective than copper sulphate in the destruction of
bacteria, the converse holds good for Alga growths.
In conclusion :
Summary. The contamination of swimming bath water results in turbidity and the possible
accumulation of organisms which may from time to time be the bearers of infec-
tion.
Where change of water alone is relied on, this contamination is progressive,
and the last bathers must perforce bear the brunt of it. Filtration and aeration
will remove turbidity, but cannot effect sterilisation, for whicli the use of sterilising
agents is essential.
Chlorination skilfully applied confers protection against water-borne disease,
it is cheap, and results in a tasteless and odourless water. Complaints against
chlorinated water are probably due to haphazard methods of application, or to the
susceptibility of certain individuals, but further experiments in regard to water
steriUsing agents on an extensive scale are urgently needed.
Too much stress cannot be laid on preventive measures, owing to their import-
ance both in minimising contamination, and in educating the public in the use of
common facilities.
N.B. — As the subject under consideration has only attiacted attention in compara-
tivelj- recent years, the following note in regard to publications may be found of value.
Title of Paper.
Filtration and Oration of Bury Bath Water.
Continuous Filtration of Bath Water.
Report on Water from Public Swimming Baths,
Royton.
Report on the Water from Public Baths, Leeds.
Report on Water from Victoria Baths, Man-
chester.
Report on Water from Clydebank Swimming
Pond.
Report on Water from Bradford.
Report on Water from Old Trafiord Baths.
Report on Water from Public Swimming Baths,
Bury.
Do.
A Rough Bacteriological Examination of the
condition of S^Timraing Bath Water. (The
Lancet.)
Report on Water from Public Baths, Dun-
fermline.
The Pollution of Swimmins Baths.
Author.
C. Estcourt, P.I.C, F.C.S.,
City Analyst, Manchester.
Robert J. Arigel, M.Inst.C.E.,
A.R.I.B.A., Borough Engin-
eer and Surveyor of Ber-
mondsey.
Arthur Sellars.
C'. T. Bond, Analyst for Ports-
mouth.
City. Analyst for Manchester.
Mr. Ross, Burgh Surveyor.
P. Sunderland, of Cit\- Ana-
lyst's Office.
Collected by Mr. E. Nuttall.
Collected b}' A. Sellars.
Report by Professor Boyce.
G. H. Pearce, L.R.C.P., and
S. Edin., D.P.H. Camb.,
Medical Officer of Health
and School Medical Officer
of Batley.
Professor Ritchie, Royal Col-
lege of Physicians' Labor-
atory, Edinburgh.
.T. (iraharii Forbes, M.D.,
M.R.C.P.. D.P.H.
Date.
13th Nov. 1905.
13th March 1908.
28th Sept. 1910.
17th Oct. 1906.
2l8t Nov. 1911.
5th Jan. 1912.
8th July 1910.
24th April 1906.
5th Dec. 1907.
20th Aug. 1910.
3rd Dec. 1913.
22nd Feb. l!lli>.
105
THE SANITATION OF SWIIklMING PONDS
Title of PaiK
Author.
Datp.
The Purification of the Water of Swimniina
Baths. ( Royal Sanitary Institute. )
Conditions of Swimming Baths and Water.
and suggested use therein of the Electrolytic
Disinfecting Fluid. (Poplar.)
Further Do.
Electrolytic Disinfectant in relation to the Pol-
lution of Swimming Baths. (Public Health
Committee Report, Poplar.)
Baths Manager's Report. (Stockton-on-Tees.)
Polioencephalomyelitis and Public Bathing.
{Brilish Medical Journal.)
Acute epidemic poUomyeUtis. (Public Health. )
*Sanitary Record.
*JoariMl of Sanitary Insiilute.
*The Surveyor, Municipal County Engineer.
The Use of Chloride of Lime in the Purification
of Swimming Pools. (American Physical
Educaiio7i Revieiv.)
Studies on the Sanitation of Swimming Pools.
(Journal of Infectious Diseases.)
Methods for Disinfecting Swimming Pools.
(American Physical Ed-ucation Review.)
Studies in Water Supply. Messrs. Macmillan
and Co.
Rivers as Sources of Water Supply. Messrs.
John Bale, Sons and Danielsson, Ltd.
Bacteriological Analyses. Supplied by Messrs.
Wallace and Tieman Co. Inc., New York.
Research Reports of the London Metropolitan
Water Board.
Report hy Louis C. Parkes,
4th Nov. 1912.
M.D., D.P.H., PhiHp Boob-
byer, M.D., M.S., Col. J.
Lane Notter, M.A., M.D.,
R.A.M.C., S. Rideal, D.Sc,
F.LC, A. S. SneU,
F.R.I.B.A., H. D. Searles
Wood. F.R.I.B.A., and W.
C. TjTidale, M.Inst. C.E.
Fred. M. Alexander, Medical
9th Sept. 1909.
Officer of Health of the
Borough.
Do.
23rd Sept. 1909.
6th June 1912.
Thos. Home, Baths Manager.
22nd June 1914.
F. W. Alexander, M.D.,
I8th Nov. 1911.
M.O.H., Poplar.
F. E. Batten, M.D.
Nov. 1911.
6th April 1911.
Dec. 1911.
10th June 1910.
Samuel Chester Markley.
Feb. 1913.
Wallace A. Manheimer, Ph.D.
July 1914.
Wallace A. Manheimer, Ph.D.
AprU 1917.
A. C. Houston, M.B., D.Sc.
1913.
A. C. Houston, M.B., D.Sc.
1917.
1908-1817.
Now out of print.
o
SECTION VIII
Materials.
Construction
o£ ticket-
office.
Waiting-
room tor
women.
Importance
of construc-
tion which
facilitates
supervision
and cleaning.
Lighting.
NOTES IN REGARD TO BATHS CONSTRUCTION AND STAFF
Baths Construction
While the question of baths construction is bej^ond the scope of this Report certain
points have been emphasised in tlie course of the inquiry, and a brief discussion of
these may prove of service. It should be clearly understood that the photographs
throughout the Report are inserted for the purpose of illustratmg baths activities,
and not necessarily of showing baths construction of the most approved type.
The use of materials which can easily be kept clean has been referred to re-
peatedly, since it makes the whole difference to the labour of the staff and the attrac-
tiveness of the baths. Glass and glazed tiUng of good quality are ideal substances
in this respect ; enamel deteriorates unless labour is spent on it. The use of wood in
any part of the baths buildings is to be deprecated both on account of the damp
which is inseparable from baths buildings, and of the labour and difficulty mvolved
in keeping it thoroughly clean. Metal work should, wherever possible, be replaced
by substances which requne no poUshing. For flooring, corrugated tiles or ridged
concrete are preferable to terazzo, which becomes dangerously sUppery when wet.
Some difference of opinion has been expressed as to whether the ticket-office
should be provided with separate windows for men and women respectively. Where
this arrangement is in force the office-keeper is continually walking from side to side,
and hence time is lost in serving the bathers. Stress was laid in certain instances on
the drawbacks to anj' admixture of the sexes, and it was asserted that an arrange-
ment in common would tend to keep women away. A compromise, by which there
is a separate turnstile for men and women respectively, with a window on either side
to be used at busy times when the use of two office-keepers is desirable, and a window
in front for common use during the slack times, would appear to meet the case.
In the case of women the provision of a waiting-room, or at least of seats, where
they can rest while waiting their turn for a bath is of importance.
Swimming Baths
In the construction of swimming baths it is essential that every part, including
tlie dressing-boxes and sliowers or other cleansing arrangements, should be placed
so as to allow of effective supervision from the side of the bath. Dressing-boxes
should be small in size, but ample in number, with plenty of pegs for clothing, and
the seats should either be movable or lift up for cleansing purposes. Terazzo slabs
form a suitable material for partitions, which should be two or three mches from
the ground to permit of easy hosing out.
Effective lighting and white-tiled walls with coloured bands make the whole
difference to the appearance of the water in a bath, and also serve the more practical
purpose of showing up difficiencies in cleanhncss. Both these questions should be
referred to experts conversant with the effects of different colours upon water, as
107
NOTES IN REGARD TO BATHS CONSTRUCTION AND STAFF
while it is desuable that the latter should be perfectly clear it is very undesirable
that there should be too great a glare.
Ventilation without draught is in many cases very imperfectly realised. In one Ventilation,
or two recent instances of baths building a movable roof has been contrived, so that
the baths can be practically open to the aii' m summer.
Every swimming bath should have in connection with it a space sufficiently Space Jor
large for class-teaching, and wherever possible this might wth advantage be situated ? ^^ **^ "
at one end of the bath. Care should be paid to the provision of accommodation for
spectators, and also to arrangements whereby the building may be easily converted
into a hall for the winter months, in case such a course is afterwards found desirable.
Pomts in regard to the construction of swimming baths from the pomt of view Sanitary
of pubhc health have already been dealt with. Under this headmg should be Precautions,
included glazed tUing, rounded corners, the absence of wood-work, a side-walk on
two levels, the lower of which — for bathers exclusively — slopes away from the bath
towards a narrow gulley so that water carried out by the bathers may not re-enter
the pond. Spittoons should have the grille on the bottom and not on the side, in
order to render any accumulation impossible. Scumming sprays appear to be less
effective in practice than the long bar in common use for the pm-pose, since force
sufficient to drive the water to the other end of the bath raises it too high to be
of value. The difficulty of scrupulous cleanlmess in the case of a wooden bar point
to the desirability of further experiment m the dii'ection of scumming sprays.
The provision of simple hau'-dryers for women and girls is very important. Hair-dryers.
Private Baths
A diversity of opmion has been expressed as to the advisability of double Double
dressing-rooms for eacli bath. They are an undoubted economy both in space and ^^^^ "
baths provision, since the greater part of the bathers' tune is occupied in dressing
and undressing. Where the system is adopted the procedme should be as foUows.
The attendant admits the bather to box A. He undresses, baths, and on returning
to his box leaves the bath-room door open. The attendant now admits another
bather to box B, and at the same time, unbolts the door of box B and bolts the door
of box A from the bath-room side, so that it is no longer possible for the first bather
to re-enter the batli-room. Against this arrangement it is urged that if the attendants
are overpressed or careless, there may be a possibility of abuse, and also that it
demands a modicum of intelligence on the part of the bather. ^
Where slipper baths are in use they should on no account be placed close to the Position ot
wall, but should be open on every side with a good clear space beneath, so that on ™ •
entry the attendant can see m a moment whether the last bather has left everj'thing
clean and m order.
The inlets and outlets for water should permit of the most rapid tilluig and Arrange-
emptying possible. Tlie latter is of special importance and should be facilitated ?|^'J^^
by an ample fall. It is undesuable that bathers should empty the baths themselves, emptying,
and no bather should enter the bath-room imtil every trace of his predecessor has
been removed.
The bath should be completely free from fittings so that it may easily be
' See illustiration facing page 40.
108
Arrange-
ments to
iaciltate
repairs.
Lighting.
Shower
baths.
Provision for
hosing out.
Details for
convenience
of bathers.
Necessity for
privacy.
Automatic
machines.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
removed for repairs, and it is desu'able that the water should be in short ranges,
any one of which may be cut off if required.
Lighting is of gi'eat importance, as the water in the cleanest bath may look dii*ty
if shadows fall on it, and may thus give rise to prejudice. A glass roof and careful
attention to artificial lighting add greatly to the attractiveness of bath-rooms.
Shower baths should be so appointed that the cold water must be turned on
first and so all risk of scalding be averted. For further detaQ in regard to shower
baths the reader is referred to the text and illustration on pages 41-43.
As in the case of swimming baths, sufficient space should be left below the
partitions between the di'essing-rooms to permit of thorough liosing out, seats
being removable or hinged. Plenty of pegs should be provided, and bathers should
be furnished with a wooden slat for the feet, a receptacle for soap, and some form
of cold shower or tap with which to complete their ablutions.
It is desirable that towels should be stamped with the name of the bath on a
coloured stripe down the centre as weU as at the sides or ends. The temptation to
steal is reduced when the obliteration of identification marks can only be accompUshed
by the destruction of the coveted article.
Jn the case of women especially, complete privacy is essential if the baths are
to be frequented by the most self-respecting.
Up to the present time little attempt appears to have been made to adopt
automatic machmes for baths purposes, either in regard to the distribution of tickets,
towels, soap, etc., or to the supply of water.
Importance
of careful
selection
of staff.
Duties of
staff.
Engineer.
Office-
keepers.
Staff
It is useless to lay down costly buildings and machinery, and then to pay little
attention to the personal factor, on which the success of the baths or wash-houses
vviU ultimately depend. A contentedstaff who know their business thoroughly
wiU attract custom, whereas surly or disobUgmg officials drive it away. Li so
personal a matter as bathuig diificulties occasionally arise, the solution of which
depends entirely on the intuition and tact of those in charge, and public opinion
can completely check the movement for better faciUties if people consider, with or
without reason, that the baths are frequented by undesirable persons or those of
imcleanly habits. Many of the batlis visited are as good as it is possible to make
them, they are scrupulously clean and served by intelligent and kindly attendants ;
in others the standard is much lower, e.g. the attendant who considered vermha a
sign of health in childien was unlikely to be scrupulous in disuifectmg.
The duties of baths staffs are defined m the model by-laws of the Local Govern-
ment Board, and fall naturally into different categories. The engine-rooms,
filtration plant, and laundi-y demand engmeering experience, and it is not unusual
to find this branch of the baths admuiistration immediately under the control of
the Borough Engineer. In other cases, the supermtendent is held responsible for
the whole management.
In addition to work comiected with the engme-room it is necessary to provide
for the issuing of tickets, towels, etc., and this work is often delegated to a separate
staff. The swimmmg bath demands the constant presence of at least one attendant
in case of any accident, but the arrangements made m comiection with swimming
109
NOTES IN REGARD TO BATHS CONSTRUCTION AND STAFF
instruction vary widely in different localities. In certain instances teaching is swimmine
given by members of the baths staff as a part of their regular duties, in others they bath atten-
may receive fees, hi yet others instructors from outside are permitted to use the *° ^ ^^
•> ' •> i swunming
baths for the purpose of giving swimming lessons, and make their own an-angements teachers,
in regard to payment ; swimming clubs may arrange for the instruction of then-
members, and the Education Committee may send special swimming teachers to
instruct the classes sent from the schools. Whatever the arrangement may be, it
has already been pointed out that a swimming bath where no instruction is provided
is shorn of much of its usefuhiess. So clearly is this recognised, that certain
authorities supply instruction free of charge, on the theory that every swimmer
manufactm-ed is an addition to theii* regular customers.
In the private baths, attendants are required for cleaning out the baths after pji^ate
each bather, and if this work is to be carried on effectively they must be supphed baths at-
f^PTI fl 9,11 1>^
with suitable cleaning materials and brushes ; where the latter are too heavy, or
otherwise unfitted for their purpose, time is lost and the work badly done. Readiness
to consider the opinions expressed by the attendants in regard to these matters is
of importance, since it is on such details that the success or failure of private baths
often depends.
In some estabHshments the laundry work is all done on the premises, in others, Laundry
it is collected and sent out to a central es'tablishment. Machines in which the towels workers,
and costumes can be steamed and thoroughly disinfected are now m common use,
and the labour required is in this way considerably lessened. Dm'ing the off-times
there is always much cleaning to be done, although the work is simplified where
baths are so constructed as to allow of hosing out thoroughly. The keeping of Needle-
towels and costumes in good repair involves the services of needlewomen. women.
The hours worked by the attendants differ very widely. In London and New jjo„js
York an eight hours' shift is usual, but it should be borne in mind that in many places worked,
there is also Sunday work in addition to this. In the Provinces the hours are
sometimes inordinately long : for instance a 15 hom's' day is unlikely to be com-
patible with efficiency even where the work required is not strictly continuous.
In several towns, commission schemes, whereby part of the baths takings goes Additions to
to the staff, are in operation. Any attendant accepting a gratuity should be ren- salary,
dered liable to instant dismissal, but the real remedy for this evil would appear to
lie m the creation of a regular baths service in which members are sufficiently well
paid and given some prospect of promotion. Uniform not only helps to give status
to the baths attendant but is of use in a calUng where both foot-gear and clothmg are
liable to be wet through. In many establishments in England tlie baths superin-
tendent is provided witli house, coal and light, and his wife shares in his duties.
Ail baths ofiicials should have some knowledge of the elements of hygiene and
first aid m relation to their work, and this knowledge is of special value for those
who have charge of establishments situated in the poorer parts. They should also
be conversant with the cleansing schemes in operation in the town, and be given
clear directions as to the best methods of combating vermin. Officials caimot be
expected to carry out schemes for the public welfare efiiciently, when they themselves
are ignorant of those first principles upon which depends the successful working of
such schemes.
Arrange
ment of
int'ormation.
Possibility
of financial
return.
Rate aid in
different
localities.
SECTION IX
FINANCE
Covered Bath Establishments
FoK 2)urposes of comparing Baths and Wash-house finance in detail, reference
should be made to Appendix I. ; since, however, the order there adopted is that of
administrative areas whicli are often in no way comparable in regard to their
Baths prov^ision, subsidiary tables have been dra^Tii up whereby Batlis and Wash-
house establishments of approximately the same size are grouped together. These
will be found incorporated in the text (pp. 122-129).
It is evident that baths establishments are run at a loss. From particulars of
baths in private hands, placed at the disposal of the Trustees through the courtesy
of the management, it apjjears that with annual subscriptions of from one to two
gumeas, or mth admission fees of 6d., a bath may pay runnmg costs, but cannot
yield an adequate return on capital invested. During the past few years baths of
this description have been taken over, one after another, by the local authorities
as an alternative to their being closed down. In some few instances, e.g. King's
Lynn, Darwen, Boston, and Grantham, the Corporation is responsible for the
baths, but lets them out to a private individual ; at T3aiemouth and Ipswich the
open-air bath is leased to clubs who undertake the management.
An analysis of Appendix I shows that in ten cases only is there no deficit on
the year's working. Of these, two are wash-houses with slipper baths attached
(Phanouth and Dumfries), one is a wash-house (Perth), and seven are open-air
swimming baths (Heanor, Wantage, Shepton MaUet, Ipswich, Bexhill, Swansea,
and Aberdare). In each case, further analysis shows that the surplus is more
apparent than real, and is due to the absence of items of expenditure which usually
figure conspicuously, e.g. rents and loan charges, heating and lighting, or water.
It follows from these facts that in tiic vast majority of cases where baths have
been established, recourse to rate aid has been necessary for their mamtenance.
Reference to Table II. in Section I. shows the baths rate aid in terms of Id.
in t he .t, in towns groujjed in order of population. This rate tends to be iieaviest m the
great cities, e.g. 2'75d. m Bradford (1915) and r!)7d. in Manchester, or in small places
with a low rateable value — e.g. 6d. at Newcastle-under-Ljane, 3'25d. at Whitehaven,
and 3d. at Selby. Wliere school children arc admitted free, the rate will be heavier
than A^'hei-e the Education Committee make a substantial contribution towards the
cost. A town with separate school baths is of course paying a higher rate for bathing
facilities than is apparent from tlie tables, for the cost is borne on separate estimates.
Witli the exception of Hamilton, a comparatively small to«n serving adjacent
districts, the baths rate tends to be lower in Scotland than in England. This may
be explained by the higher fees charged for private baths, and also by the frequent
association of wash-houses, in which there tends to be less loss incurred.
The income derived from the baths wiU depend upon the extent to which
Ill
FINANCE
they are managed, on the one hand as a trading concern, or on the other as a depart- Income
ment of public health. In the former case the fee charged must be so far as possible 1 ^°™
economic, in the latter the object aimed at will be to provide bathing facilities which
will suit the poorest as well as the comparativelj' well-to-do. Several of the great
cities in the United States have definitely adopted the latter policy. New York
has provided thirteen free baths establishments fitted with spra3^s, and in certain
cases with slipper baths and swimming ponds : the official returns give the number
of bathers in 1916 as six millions. In the United Kingdom, there are free baths at
York and Dunfermline ; in othei- instances a merely nominal fee is charged, e.g.
in the cottage baths at Bii-iningham, Bradford, and Brighouse, and in the swimming
baths at Manchester ; in all these places great numbers avail themselves of the
facihties ofl^ered. It appears then that very high bathing figures do not necessarily
involve a correspondingly high income from fees.
In certain instances, a considerable part of the total baths income is derived (2) From
from the hire of the swimming bath as a recreation hall during the whiter months. ^^■^^^ ^^
An analysis of the percentages of income to expenditure in the case of establishments lees,
which (a) remain open through the winter, (6) close down, or (c) are converted
into haUs, gives no very convincing results in regard to the financial advantage of
any one procedure as compared with that of the others. The percentage is some-
what higher when the building is used as a hall, but the difference in individual
cases is too small, and the numbers too few for any definite conclusion. It appears
probable that the policy to be piu'sued in winter must at present be considered, so
far as finance is concerned, in relation to local conditions rather than on any general
principle. The income derived from this source will depend on the baths policy
taken as a whole. One town lets its baths as halls in order to recoup itself if possible
for the loss in summer, another lends them as haUs or fits them out as gymnasia,
and thus incurs an additional deficit.
Income derived from towels and costumes is usually inconsiderable, excepting
in one or two seaside resorts. The income from soap is of value not only in regard
to the amount derived from it, but because its sale in small tablets for each bather
serves to check wastage.
A consideration of the percentage of income derived from swimming baths,
private baths, and wash-houses respectively, is deferred till later in this section,
for it will depend, as has been already pointed out, on the principles on which the
baths are maintained.
The principal headings under which expenditure on public baths has been Expenditure.
grouped for the purposes of this inquiry are shown in Appendix I.
In the fii'st instance there are those charges for premises whicli are incurred (D Charges
.. .,, ,,...., _-, for premises,
ni connection with any public mstitution whatever its purpo.se. lhe.se comprise
rents and loan charges, rates, taxes and insurance, together witli renewals and
repau's of the building and machinery. Rents and loan charges will necessarily
fluctuate greatly from place to place, since manj' baths have been built largely bj'
gift or subscription, or acquired for a nominal sum, and, moreover, site values
vary greatly with the locality. Renewals and repairs vary from year to year in the
same place, and where these happened <o inchidc, in 1913-1914, any item which was
112
(S) Baths
upkeep.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
really of the nature of capital expenditm-e, it has been excluded from current
expenditure and a note added to that effect. It should be borne in mmd that,
whereas rents and loan charges will practically disappear as the debt on the building
is paid off, the renewals and repairs in an old establishment form an increasingly
heavy charge, and, moreover, the running costs may be unduly large owing to
out-of-date machinery. Hence the date of estabhshment will sometimes afford a
clue to figiu-es which would otherwise appear somewhat perplexing.
The extent to which rents and loan charges affect the financial position may be
shown by contrasting establishments comparable in size, income and the number of
bathers. CornwalHs St., Liverpool, and the Central Baths, Coventry, afford an
illustration in the case of large bath establishments, and Farnworth and Radclifife
in the case of small.
SWIMMIXO-
Hatii?;,
Private
Baths.
Total
Number
of
Bathers.
Income.
E.XPEVDITURK.
Per-
CENTAnK
of
Revenue
Cost
per
Bather
exclud-
Cost
per
Bather
includ-
Liverpool—
Cornwallis .St.,
Number
of
Baths.
3
Batliers
OOOs.
Number Bathers
of
Baths.
OOOs.
OOOs.
Rents
and
Loan
Ch.'irges.
other
Items.
£
2241
Total.
£
2241
to
Expen-
diture.
ing
Rents
and
Loan
Charges.
ing
Rents
and
Loan
Charges.
113
53 40
164
£
1984
£
88.-5
,1.
3-.^)
d.
3-5
CoTentrv —
i Central Baths,
3
99
c,3 : 5G
155
2196
1030
2115
3145
70
3 3
4-9
Farnworth, .
1
27
i> 2
29
214
450
450
47-6
3-7
3-7
Radclitle,
1
31
11 4
35
iZ3
327
129
756
30-8
2-9
5-2
In both CornwaUis St., Liverpool, and the Central Bat lis, Coventry, there are
three swimming baths and fifty-three private baths, but the area of the swimming
baths in the latter estabhshment is almost twice as great as in the former.
The income of the Central Baths, Coventry, is about £200 greater than that of
Cornwallis St., Liverpool, owing to the considerable sum derived from letting one
bath for a hall during the winter months, but though the running expenditure is con-
siderably less, owing to heavy rents and loan charges, the total expenditure is £804
greater, and the percentage of revenue to expenditure low in proportion. It follows
that in spite of the larger number who make use of the baths, the cost for each
bather is about 1 Id. higher than at Cornwallis St.
Farnworth and Radcliffe have swimming baths identical in size, but the
Radcliffe establishment contains two more private baths, and some small accom-
modation for vapour bathers. The latter baths are', as a whole, more used than the
former ; they bring in a slightly higher income, and the expenditiu'e on rumiing
expenses is rather less. Rents and loan charges, however, form 43 per cent, of the
total expenditure at RadcUffe, and cause an increase of 2|d. in the cost of every bather.
As is to be expected, the charges for premises are relatively heaviest in the
great towns.
Running expenditure which has to do with the maintenance of baths is classified
under the heading of " Baths Upkeep." It may be further subdivided into expendi-
ture on the salaries and wages of swimming instructors, engineers, money-takers,
and attendants : heating and lighting : water : towels and costumes ; and soap and
cleaning materials.
113
FINANCE
Expenditure on salaries in the case of any single establishment should be con-
sidered in relation to the following factors. In the great towns the whole work
involved in central administration may devolve upon the baths staff, or matters in
regard to statistics and finance may be relegated to other departments. Where the
former course is adopted, the baths may be administered from a central office. In
other cases the general superintendent is personally responsible for the most im-
portant establishment and has his office there ; in others again there may be
several superintendents, each responsible for more than one estabhshment. Par-
ticulars in regard to the method of central administration adopted wiU be found in
the notes in Appendix I. Unless otherwise stated, a proportion of the expenditure
incurred is allocated to each establishment by the local authority, but in certain
instances the whole sum is charged against the town, e.g. Birmingham, or to another
department, e.g. Sheffield. The total wages-bill for an establishment wiU further
depend on whether swimming instruction is given by members of the baths staff,
and also on whether the necessar}' laundry work, i.e. washing of towels and costumes,
is done by them. Salaries may include allowances, e.g. house-rent, coal, light, or
uniform, and, wherever these are stated, they are included imder wages. Reference
to the particulars concerning the number of sta£f given in Appendix I. may clear the
issue where the expenditure on salaries appears to be exceptional.
Heating and lighting necessarily forms a heavy item, amounting to approximately
one-third of the total expenditure comprised under "Baths Upkeep." In the com-
paratively few estabUshments for private baths only, the proportion borne by the heat-
ing and lighting to the total upkeep is somewhat smaller. Places in mining districts
have noticeably smaller charges, and in certain instances, e.g. Stoke Newington and
Leith, considerable saving is effected owing to the use made of neighbom-ing municipal
imdertakings. At Middlesbrough waste paper is largely used for stoking the boilers.
The charge for water varies from nothing to an amount as great as, or even
greater than, that for heating and hghting. Nottingham, Middlesbrough, Hejrsvood,
and Huddersfield afford illustrations of heavy water charges. In a Report recently
pubUshed by the Yorkshire Amateur Swimming Association the price charged
per 1000 gallons varies in the instances given from 3d. to 10 id. In London the
Metropohtan Water Board charge 6d. per 1000 gallons, and to lessen the resultant
cost of water several estabUshments have sunk weUs from which they derive the bulk
of their supply. The charges for pumping, where differentiated, have been included
under water charges ; in other instances they account for exceptionally heavy figures
under heating and lighting. A notable saving in water is effected by the use of
filtration plant. Theoretically the amount of water used should depend upon the
numbers who make use of the baths, and it is possible that the calculation of the
number of gallons of water used per bather might help to check unnecessary wastage.
The remaining items grouped under baths upkeep, i.e. charges for towels and
costumes, and soap and cleaning materials, form a considerable fraction of the
total baths expenditure, but are incomparable with the much heavier charges
enumerated above. Where soap is sold at Id. or |d. per piece, and towels and
costumes are hired out, part of this expenditure is recoverable, and the figures may
even show a small balance on the credit side.
P
114
Variation
in Expendi-
ture.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES "
The extent to which items of expenditure may vary is shown by the following
details in regard to five small establishments for private baths only. (At Bacchus Road,
Birmingham, the fee charged is Id. per bather, and the arrangements are as simple
as is compatible with efficiency. In the other places particularised there is accom-
modation for bathers at an admission fee of 6d. as well as for those at 2d. or 3d.
Provision is made for twenty-eight bathers in each case, excepting at the Nonsach
establishment, where there is accommodation for twenty-seven only.)
Showing variation in Expenditure in Five Establishments, each containing
accommodation for 27 or 28 Private Bathers.
Num-
ber
1 of
Batliei-s.
OOOS.
S.Andrew's Baths, 1
Norwich, . . ! 23
Bacchus Road
Birmingham, . 41
Folkestone,' . 3T
Stepney, . . i 32
Tooting,'-! . • 1 27
Chakges fob Pkemises.
Bath Up-keep.
Miscellaneous.
Total
Expen-
diture.
£
748
496
922
1087
1032
Rente
and
Loan
Charsee.
£
240
150
346
224
394
Bates.
TaxoB.
and Jn-
snrance.
Re.
newale
and
Repairs.
Total.
Salaries
and
Wagee.
Heat-
ing and
Light-
ing.
Water.
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes.
&
39
12
22
••
Soap
and
Clean-
ing.
£
*
16
20
26
Total.
PrintiUK
Station-
ery.
4i 44
" 5 11
4
£,
55
40
20
46
6S
£
21
5
147
336
116
£-
317
195
513
606
577
£
292
128
180
2«2
311
fl
70
162
129
1C7
£
19
73
13
30
33
£
431
299
365
469
461
£
3'
G
4
Incomplete statistics.
1 4 Sprays.
2 18 Sprays.
Relative
proportions
o£ the dif-
ferent items
of expendi-
ture.
Capital cost.
Incidentally these figures illustrate the statement made in a previous section, that
data for a single year may be misleading in regard to any individual establishment ;
it is unlikely that the very hea'vy renewals and repairs at Stepney would recur
frequently, and in one or two instances where there is no expenditure shown, it must
obviously be incurred sooner or later. In considering Bacchus Road, it should be
remembered that at Birmingham the central administration charges are not allocated
among the separate establishments.
Although the expenditure of individual establishments may show marked
variations, the proportion contributed by the principal items can be stated in general
terms. The most uniform ratio borne by any one item to the total expenditure is
that of salaries and wages, which ranges as a rule from 20 per cent, to 35 per
cent., with an average of rather under 30 per cent. This charge wiU necessarily
depend in part on whether the cost of the instruction is provided by the baths
committee.
Charges for premises range on the average from 40 per cent, to 60 per cent.,
if we except small places where baths have been built by gift or subscription. The
proportion tends to be heavier for recent establishments in the great towns, and
varies inversely with that for baths upkeep (exclusive of salaries), which is from
20 per cent, to 40 per cent, of the whole. It appears then that although the charges
due to initial capital expenditure form a heavy tax on the management, the bulk
of expense is incurred on maintenance, especially if it be considered that, by the
system adopted for the purposes of this Report, part of the running costs, i.e. rates,
taxes, insurance, renewals and repairs, are included under charges for premises.
It is noticeable that in certain of the great towns, e.g. Glasgow, the proportions of
expenditure for baths of approximately the same date tend to be uniform.
The cost of building is extremely difficult to estimate, owing to differences in
115
FINANCE
site, which materially affect the construction of the foundations, and to the varying
nature of the establishments built. It has been computed that the cost may be
reckoned at from lOd. to Is. per foot cube, but some of the recent establishments
have eonsiderabty exceeded this estimate.^ In baths construction the object in
view is provision for cleanliness ; hence the importance of using materials which
can be cleaned most easily camiot be over-emphasised, although this com-se involves
heavy initial outlay.
TABLE XIV
To indicate the Capital Cost, Building and Site of Bath Establishments.
Swimming Baths.
NUMBKl:
Of
Private
Capital Cost
Datb
of
Estsblisli-
Number.
LengtJi.
Breailtli.
Baths.
Building.
Sill',
ment.
Establishments f<jr priva/e
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
s.
7.
ft.
ft.
baths only.
Wharf Rd., Grantham
6
1,500
500
1863
Cobden Rd., Brighton
15
2,300
425
*
Victoria Rd., Brighton
43
5,700
Property of
Corporation
*
Coventry St., Birmingham.
_
11
1,963
198
1908
Breariey St., Birmingham.
..
18
2,103
255
1912
Bacchus Rd., Birmingham.
28
2,318
375
1912
Svnmming bath and not more
tluin 10 private baths.
Loughborough . . i
80
30
9
4,000
500
1892
Hinckley
1
75"
85
4
2,650
550
1910
King's LjTin
1
36
20
6
1,380
Given by
TownCouncil.
1855
Guildford
1
60
27
5
2,800
Propertj' of
Council.
1889
Goole ....
1
75
30
9
3,672
650
1905
added to
1913
Arbroath
1
7.5
30
10
8,713
%
1915
Swimming bath and m.ori
than 10 private baths.
Fore St., Ipswich .
1
73
25
12
4,300
Gift
1894
Swinton & Pendlebury ^ .
1
75
30
15 »
6,600
«
1902
High St., Bolton 2
1
75
25
16
7,673
Gift
1902
Tunbridge WeUs .
1
90
35
16
11,475
4666
1898
NecheUs, Birmingham .
1
83
35
29
21,718
1373
1910
Bournville Lane, Bir-
mingham -
1 •
75
30
19
10,932
Unknown
1911
Large Establishments.
St. George's, York
2
75
69
25
25
16
9,082
*
1880 1
added to
1883
South Norwood, Croydon
2
70
66
35
28
23
6,733
Gift
1880 1
added to
1913
Victoria Rd., Birming-
2
78
39
24
17,171
Gift
1892
ham
60
32
Tiverton Rd., Birming-
2
75
30
26
14,462
535
1906
ham
45
24
East Hull Baths, Hull .
2
96
60
30
30
35
13,000
*
Continue
1S9S
d over leaf.
' See Public Baths and Wash-huuse-a. A. W. S. Cross,
tions of the Amateur Swimming Association.
* Turkish, Russian, or Vapour baths also provided.
and recent estimates quoted in the publica-
' 5 sprays. * Incomplete statistics.
116
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Capital cost
of swim-
ming bath
and private
baths.
Increased
cost of build-
ing in recent
years.
TABLE XIV.-
-continued
Swimming Baths.
Number
Capital Cost.
Date
of
Private
of
Establish -
Area.
Baths.
meut.
\^iimhfii*
Rllil r1 i II rr
Sit'".
41 H(LXUU4 ,
Length.
Breadth.
ij VJIIUI tl^.
Large Establishments.
1.
2.
ft.
3.
ft.
4.
5.
6.
7. i
£
Green Lane, Birimngham
2
81
81
33
33
44
30,229
2064
1902
Moseley Rd., Birming-
2
81
32
46
33,111
3188
1907
ham
71
33
Madeley St., HuU
0
90
35
50
22,000
*
1885
84
29
approx.
added to [
1912 1
North wood St., Birming-
2
62
31
51
10,883
1400
1862
ham
68
32
1
Woodcock St., Birming-
2
90
30
56
21,084
2291
1860
ham
78
35
Woolwich Baths .
2
100
85
40
30
63
28,353
4356
1894
Tyldesleyi .
2
66
24
21
9
8
2,500
Gift
1876
Grove Lane, Birming-
2
100
35
23
22,883
1635
1907
ham ^
100
35
1
WalsaUi
2
75
48
30
24
25
8,820
3380
1896
Monument Rd., Bir-
2
81
33
45
24,240
3098
1883
mingham '
68
33
Carlisle 1
3
60
29
22
9,750
Property of
1884
65
29
Corporation
added to
29
16
1909
Beverley Rd., Hull
3
100
60
35
40
48
27,000
*
1905
65
30
* Incomplete statistics. ' Turkish, Russian, or Vaiiuui baths also provided.
Table XIV. gives the capital cost, for baths of various types and dates, and
further reference may be made to Appendix I., where, however, building is not
differentiated from site. The table is so arranged as to bring establishments com-
parable with each other into juxtaposition.
The small type of establishment, consisting of one swimming bath and ten or
fewer private baths, has been built in the past for approximately £4000-£4500. The
figiu-es for Arbroath are considerably higher than those for the English towns, but
the establishment was not finished until 1915. From a comparison between estab-
lishments with both swimming and private baths and those with private baths only,
it appears that the bulk of capital outlay in the former is due to the swimming bath.
In the few examples of private bath establishments where building is differentiated
from site the average capital cost per bath (excluding the Grantham figures), works
out at £133. Private baths differ greatly both in di-essing-room and waiting-room
accommodation, and in the baths and bath fittings, which may be of iron or porcelain,
wood or marble respectively. But, even if this difference is allowed for, it does
not account for the increase in capital cost wherever there is a swimming bath.
The increased cost of building in the period previous to the war compared with
t hat of last century, is well illustrated by the figures for Birmingham quoted above.
The followmg tables afford some indication of the proportion of the total
expenditiu-e paid by swimmers, private bathers, and washers respectively, in
establishments containing accommodation of two or more kinds.
117
FINANCE
TABLE XV. A
Showing the percentage of Total Expenditure borne b}^ Swimmers and
Private Bathers in the establishments specified. Year 1913-1914.
Bathers.
Total
Peecentage of Expenditure borne ]i\
Expendi-
ture.
Swiiii-
Private
iners.
Bathers.
Swim-
Priv.ite
Miscel.
Rate
mers.
Bathers.
laneous.
Aid.
OOOs.
OOOS.
London District
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. 1
£
Whitechapel
129
Ill
4407
26
30
9
35
Birmingham
Woodcock 8t.
60
30
2502
14
13
3
70
Northwood (St. .
71
35
1850
18
21
3
58
Victoria Rd.
100
27
2291
28
12
4
56
Green Lane
84
38
3533
14
12
2
71
Tiverton Rd. . . .
27
11
2416
3
3
8
85
Moseley Rd.
96
48
3946
15 13
2
69
Nechells ....
44
29
2746
8 9
2
81
Manchester
Gorton . . . ■ .
96
14
1669
20 i 8
72
Red Banls ....
26
32
1298
3 1 16
81
Cheatham ....
71
13
2114
13
6
6
75
Moss Side ....
58
6
1572
14
4
•
82
Glasgow
Grovan ....
67
24
3409
12
15
1
72
TABLE XV. B
Showing the percentage of Total Expenditure borne by Swimmers, Private
Bathers, and Washers in the estabhshments specified. Year 1913-1914.
Proportion
o£ total ex-
penditure
borne by
swimmers,
private
bathers, and
washers re-
spectively.
Users
Total
Peruentace op
Expenditure borne by I
Expendi-
ture.
Swim-
Private
Wasliers.
mers.
Bather-s.
Swim-
Private
Wash-
Miscel-
Kate
luers.
Bathers.
ers.
ianeous.
Aid.
OOOs.
OOOS.
0008.
London District
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
£
Deptford
97
65
9
6453
13
13
10
3-
61
Islington
Hornsey Rd.
173
127
27
8126
23
20
7
"7
49
Essex Rd. .
123
105
40
6572
14
18
12
•6
55
Caledonian Rd.
98
86
29
6273
11
16
8
4-
61
Stepney
St. George-in-the-East .
44
50
13
2301
11
22
14
3-
51
Liverpool
Steble St. . . .
92
30
77
1969
15
18
34
1-
32
Lodge Lane
81
36
68
2547
15
17
22
13-
33
Borroughs Garden .
68
26
78
2393
9
12
31
5-
43
Manchester
Bradford Baths
119
50
26
5893
6
7
10
2-
75
Glasgow
Greenhead
112
29
36
2300
25
22
27
3-
22
Woodside . .
84
31
66
3660
11
16
28
1-
43
Cranstonhill
85
34
48
3166
16
21
27
2"
34
Townhead
92
35
47
3291
14
20
27
•>.
38
Giorbals ....
101
49
45
3869
16
24
22
11-
27
Springburn
67
20
31
2774
12
13
18
1-
56
Maryliill ....
58
13
35
2541
12
9
17
I-
fit!
Kinning Park .
61
21
42
2802
13
14
28
1-
43
118
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE XV. C
Showing the percentage of Total Expenditure borne by Private Bathers and
Washers in establishments without Swimming Baths. Year 1913-1914.
Users.
Total
Percentaoe of Expenditure borne by
Expeudi.
ture.
Private
Bathers.
Washers.
Private
Bathers.
Washers.
Miscel-
laneuus.
Rate
Aid.
•
OOOs.
OOOs.
Hampstead
1-
2.
3.
4.
6.
6. [
7.
£
mask Walk
6
9
approx.
554
12
29
•5
59
Palmerston Rd. .
12
14
approx.
522
25
29
2"
45
Manchester
■
Pryme St
55
24
1743
13
29
..
58
Myles Platting .
36
20
1942
9
24
67
Armitage St. . . .
32
19
1885
11
22
66
Sunderland
Hendon Rd.
15
39
2040
8
32
2-
68
Hallgarth Square
9
17
681
13
36
51
Plymouth
Hoegate St. . . .
7
approx.
5
approx.
297
48
43
8-
••
Bath (Baths and Laundries
Society) ....
7
3
364
21
14
10-
55
Exeter
Baths and Wash-houses
4
25
822
7
31
10-
53
Glasgow
1 Hutchestown
12
71
1622
12
71
•2
16
Dalmamock
14
79
1961
12
69
..
19
Parkhead ....
14
60
1708
15
60
•8
25
Springbank.
13
75
1797
12
65
•1
22
Dundee
i Guthrie St. ...
13
48
1320
9
69
22
Constable St. .
11
44
1426
12
55
3-
29
Caldrum St. . . .
15
64
1796
12
76
12
Miller's Wynd
13
39
1213
14
75
4-
6
Perth— Mill St. . . .
7
16
683
25
69
10-
6
Table XV. D
119
FINANCE
TABLE XV. D
Showing the percentage of Total Expenditure borne by Swimmers, Private
Bathers, and the users of Turkish or Vapour Baths. Year 1913-1914.
Bathrrs.
TilTAI.
Expendi-
ture.
PERCENrAQE OF EXPENDITURE BORNE BY
Swim-
mers.
Private.
Turkish,
etc.]
Swim-
mers.
Private
B.icliers
Turkisli.
Miscel-
laneous.
Rate 1
.\Ui.
OOOB.
OOOB.
OOOS.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
22
6.
7.
8.
9.
52
Birmingham
Kent St.
103
50
T
70
£
4249
14
90
30
Monument Rd.
Grove Lane .
05
79
5T
18
T
50
E&T
50
3061
3399
14
18
22
6
7^0
7-0
30
30
54
66
BoumviUe Rd.
Liverpool
Picton Rd. .
31
59
13
10
E
■2
R
2-0
.r
1777
3184
7
10
7
3
•3
30
4.0
2^0
81
82
Cornwallis St.
113
40
V
•4
2241
57
26
•8
4^0
11
Margaret St.
90
33
V
•03
1281
25
33
■1
30
38
Westminster Rd.
116
34
V
•06
1865
28
23
•1
4^0
45
Lister Drive
83
7
V
•08
2852
18
3
•1
20
77
Speke Rd. .
45
6
V
•03
2242
9
3
•04
110
77
Queen's Drive
Manchester
Mayfleld
102
83
9
41
V
•04
V
■1
3644
2850
14
10
3
13
•05
•1
200
•1
62*
77
Leaf St.
173
61
T& V
60
3571
14
16
80
•1
62
Osborne St. .
141
44
V
•3
2614
13 14
•3
73
Newton Heath
Whitworth .
81
81
16
19
V
•04
T& V
30
1657
1503
13 8
17 13
•06
100
78
60
Victoria Baths
\ 164
31
T
5^0
7600
18 5 ' 50
72
» Turkis
h, Ru
<3i
an, or V
a])our B
aths are desig
nated by t
. R, and
V respe(
tively.
In Birmingham, Manchester, and Liverpool the swimmers bear a larger pro-
portion of the total expenditm-e than the private bathers. This percentage is,
however, by no means equivalent to the difference in tlieir numbers, but it must be
borne in mind that although there are many thousands more swimmers, a large
proportion of them are children admitted free or at a much reduced fee. In the
specified London establishments and in Glasgow the private bathers contribute
more towards the baths, absolutely, as well as relatively to the numbers concerned,
120
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
While Turkish baths maj' contribute appreciably, the percentage from the fees of
vapour bathers is almost negligible.
If the numbers who make use of the facilities for swimming, private bathing,
and washing be talcen into account, the tables indicate that the washers bear
decidedly the heaviest part of the expenditure, the private bathers the next lieaviest,
and the swimmers the least.
Cost per The most useful figiures whereby to gauge the management of any establish-
batber. ment are probably those showing the cost per bather as estimated in the tables at
the end of this section. The cost per bather, if rents and loan charges are excluded,
will depend on the number of bathers and on the business ability displayed by the
management ; it will, of course, increase where the attendance falls off or where
there is extravagance in any department. Comparison with similar establish-
ments may call attention to the fact that the baths are not yielding an
adequate return, and although they are as subject to fluctuations as other
businesses which depend largely on fashion, further comparison may detect
whether the reasons assigned are sufficient to account for the facts. In establish-
ments for private baths only, the average cost (excluding rents and loan charges)
for a hot bath with soap and towel, works out at over 4d. per bath. This figure
has been reduced to between 2d. and 3d, in the case of cottage baths run on simple
lines at a low fee.
The cost per bather in the swimming baths is exceedingly difficult to estimate
apart from that in the private baths. If, however, we allow that the latter jjrobably
cost at least 3 id. to 4Jd. in establishments with both swimming and private baths,
we can form a rough estimate of the relative cost. In establishments where the
baths are open thi'oughout the year, but used in winter for other purposes, e.g. for
gymnasia or halls, it would be obviously absurd to attribute the whole cost of main-
tenance to the bathers, and hence these figures have been omitted. The net cost
per bather given in Section II. Table VI. is not given ui the tables at the end of
this section, as it depends mainly on the fees charged. The difference between the
cost (inchidmg rents and loan charges) and the ruiming cost, gives an indication
of the burden M^hich heavy capital expenditure imposes on towiis of low rateable
value. Owmg to the presence of wash-houses no attempt has been made to give
figures for London, more especially as the winter arrangements differ widely, and
introduce fmther complications. In Manchester, Glasgow, and Edinburgh, where
the baths are open aU the year, the figures per bather work out at 3'7d., 3-6d.,and
5-7d. respectively. For 28 establishments with one swimming bath and over 10
slipper baths, mentioned in Appendix I., and for which satisfactory detailed
information was available, the average cost per bather was 4'4d., the extremes
bemg 2'7d. and SSd. In the case of smaller establishments the figures were
too evenly distributed over a wide range to justify any deduction whatever.
In Perth and Brighton, where the swimming bath figures can be differentiated
from those for private bathers, the cost per swimmer is 3-2d. and 4-4d. respec-
tively.
There are indications then that under present conditions, by which a large
number of swimmers are admitted free or at under cost price, a swimmer costs the
121
FINANCE
town rather less than the private bather, if running cost only be considered. This is
apparently due not to the fact that swimming baths are cheaper to maintain, but
that they are used to their fullest capacity owing to the influx of school children.
It appears that 3|d. to 4d. should be reckoned as the least running cost per swimmer
even where the baths are very extensively used.
No deductions have been drawn as to the effects of adding Turkish baths to
public baths establishments.
The tables which will be found overleaf include only establishments possessing
the number and kind of facilities denoted and no more. Establishments which
possess Turkish baths, gymnasia, and other recreational facUities in addition to
baths must be excluded for the present purpose, because these factors disturb
financial comparison. Reference to Appendix I. will furnish detail in regard to
such composite types of establishment.
Table XVI. A
122
EEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE
Showing Financial Position in Establishments
Private
1
Income.
EXPENDI-
Biths,
includ-
ing
Spray
Total,
Rents
Rates,
Renewals
Total
Salaries
Baths.
Foes.
R™t- "S^^T^ 1
and Loan
Taxes,
and
Insurance.
and
for
and
laneuus.
Charges.
Repairs.
Premises.
Wages.
Birmingham —
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
£
f
£
£
£
£
£
£
Coventry St., .
11
77
...
95
17
26
43
141
Bacchus Rd., .
28
171
188
150
40
5
195
128
Brearley St., .
18
142
158
160
27
48
235
132
Liverpool —
1
Beacon St., .
19
48
66
228
63
9
300
185
Norwich —
St. Andrew's Baths,
27
405
80 501
240
55
21
317
292
Coventry —
Primrose Hill,
35
♦
240
154
52
54
260
112
Stevenage,
4
22
25
3
1
4
18
Folkestone,
28
390
412
346
20
147
513
180
Hove, ....
16
104
112
119
15
54
188
72
Glasgow—
Pollokshaws,
8
47
47
21
11
37
70
46
London —
Battersea
(Plough Rd. ),
20
257
257
209
531
26
288 1
195
Stepney
(Ratcliffe), . .
28
298
34
365
224
46
336
606
262
Stoke Newington, .
22
373
13
398
176
24
8
208
151
-
Wandsworth
(Tooting),
28
414
441
394
68
115
577
311
Yeah 19U-1915.
Bradford-
Low Moor,
7
46
47
23'
8
1
33'
77
Prince St.,
11
36
36
28>
13
3
441
149
Heaton,
23
67
69
27
10
36
280
Brighouse,
4'
22
22
12
5
1
19
41
1
*In
complete
J 28
FINANCE
XVI. A
for Private Bathers only. Year 1913-1914.
TURK.
Pbbcent-
AOEOf
Expen-
diture
EXPES-
DITURE
Receipts
per
per
Total Ex-
to Expen-
Bather,
Bather,
Heating
Total for
penditure,
diture.
including
excluding
Remarks.
and
Water.
Towels.
Soap.
Baths
including
Rentsand
Rents and
Ligliting.
Upkeep.
Miscel-
laneous.
Loan
Charges.
Loan
Charges.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
£
£
£
£
£
£
d.
d.
75
62
47
14
339
388
24-5
5-0
5-0
70
73
12
16
299
496
37 9
2-9
20
68
63
12
20
295
.535
29-5
3-8
2-6
39
9.
233
.546
121
7-9
4-6
81
19
39 »
*
431
748'
67 0
8-0
5-4
' Includes soap and cleaning.
' Excludes new Drying Closet,
£137, included in rate aid.
74
»
60 1
246
. 517
46-4
6-4
4-5
' Stores.
8
...
1
28
32
78-1
4-4
4-0
152
13
20'
365
922
44-7
6 0
3-7
' Includes soap for sale, £11.
67
16
18
174
364
30-8
6-9
4-6
41
10
103'
174
27 0
12-7
U-2
' Includes towel -washing, £4.
100-
«
20
326 »
622
41-3
6-2
4-1
•
• Insurance included under sun-
dries.
' Includes water.
' Includes carting towels, £10.
129
30
22
20
469
1087
33-6
8-3
6-6
26'
49'
19
12 =
331='
584
68-2
4 0
2-8
' Hot water obtained from refuse
destructor.
- Oil, etc., included under sun
dries.
' Includes washing towels, £74.
107
33
451
1032
42-7
9-2
5-7
17
5
1
6
118'
1.57
6-3'
5-4
' Loan charges not stated.
' Includes laundry expenses, £13.
17
11
2
18
227'
277
4-6'
4-1
' Loan charges not stated.
' Includes laundry expenses, £31.
26
16
2
21
377'
419'
67
6-7
' Includes laundry expenses, £31.
' Includes capital expenditure in
excess of borrowing power, £ 1 60.
13
4
58
77
28-6
3-9
3-3
* For women and children only.
statistics.
T-\BLE XIV. B
124
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE
Showing Financial Position in Establishments containing 1 Covered Swimming Bath and
Dorking,
Forfar, .
Winsford,
Heywood,
Middleton, .
Farnworth, .
Glossop,
SittingbouruB,
Loughborough,
Hinckley,
Oadby,
Stourbridge,
Beverley,
Wrexham, .
Private
Baths,
includ-
ing
I Spray
1 Baths.
5
9
4
9
10
5
9
4
Fees.
£
199
94
254
186
93
223
208
48
222
230
Total,
including
Miscel-
laneous.
£
134
199
101
267
207
214
•228
97
229
208
48
233
66
237
Rents
and Loan
Charges.
Rates, I Renewals
Taxes, and | and
Insurance.; Repairs.
£
36
169
32
58
23
211
247
64
250
Total
for
Premises.
6.
7.
8.
£
£
£
6
6
48
38
32
70
50
50
47
89
305
11
55
98
■40
24
64
15
35
50
90
149
24
* ■
*-■
IS
91'
320
5
5
73
38
358
10
34
108
29
15
295
Salaries
and
Wagei.
£
62
130
161
146
115
163
206
77
122
111
28
121
57
167
* Incomplete
TABLE
Showing Financial Position in Establishments containing 1 covered Swimming Bath and
Darlington, .
Eccles,
Atherton,
C'hadderton,
Radcliffe,
Crompton,
Roytoii,
Swinton & Pendlebury,
Enfield,
Wood Green (Public Baths)
Wallsend,
Kidderminster (Corporation),
Middlesbrough,
Portsmouth, .
Clydebank, .
Slaithwaite, .
Private
Baths
includ-
ing
Spray
Baths.
11
IS
12
12
11
Income.
£
536
340
172
216
214
Rent.
13
231 '
15
249
15
189
12
108
28
*
14
493
15
257
28
945
40
1236
20
788
12
160
17^
23»
Total,
includiiii
miscel-
laneous
£
547
344
173
234
233
Rents
and
Loan
Charge.'^.
£
207
861'
317
386
327
Rates,
Taxes,
and
Insurance.
6.
245
213
•262
596
190
406
112
144
1426
408
512
270
1000
634
1334
295
813
365
•228
140
£
43
41
37
30
34 «
43
99
49
144
29
101
96
•
33
Renewals
Total
1
Salaries
and
tor
and
Repairs.
Premises.
Wages.
7.
8.
9.
£
£
£
66
316
178
33
894
3.32
16
374
102
31
455
•245
8
365
216
10
258
189
27
667
203
30
535
221
14
207
156
68
620
744
27
27
416
99
128
243
71
806
411
313
704
539
•
♦
260
13
1
186
81
* Incomplete
125
FINANCE
XVI. B
10 or fewer Private Baths in Towns with 1 Establishment only. Year 1913-1914.
Heatins;
and
Water.
Towels.
Ligbting.
10.
11.
12.
£
£
£
20
31
151
6
111
52
10
129
108
2
123
92
21
84
88
4
149
14
88
18
1
*
85
*
76
47
20
33
2
90
6
2
38
45
56
28
22
Soap.
13.
£
3
18
27
10
* 1
11
18
Total for
Baths
Upkeep.
14.
£
88
287'
333
386
351
358
397
183
♦
244
841
230
139
311 1
Total
Pekcknt-
EXPENDI-
Expendi-
AG>:
rUBE
ture, in-
of Receipts
p»r
cluding
to Expen-
Bather,
Miscel-
diture.
including
laneous.
Reat.s and
Loan
Charges.
15.
16.
17.
£
d.
138
97-1
2-2
362
55 0
3-8
384
26-3
6-5
703
38 0
5-8
474
43-7
4-9
450
47-6
3-7
450
50-7
6-6
365
26-6
6-0
365'
62-7
3-3
567
36 7
70
95
50-5
3-8
590
39-5
5-4
247
26 7
5-4
627
37 8
9-9
ExfKSI»I-
TCUK
per
Bather,
excluding
Rents and
Loan
Charges.
18.
d.
1-6
3-8
6-5
4-4
4-5
3-7
6-6
5 0
31
4-4
3-8
3-2
4 0
6 0
Rem.vhks,
Includes matting.
Soap and cleaning not differen-
tiated from sundries.
Soap and cleaning included
under sundries.
1 £1 10 undifferentiated.
' Includes alteration to chimney
and lightning conductor, £72.
' Soap and cleaning included
under sundries.
1 Includes pumping and machin-
ery supervision, £20.
XVI. c
over 10 Private Baths in Towns with 1 Establishment only. Year 1913-1914.
TORE.
Total
Pehcent-
Expendi-
EXPESDI-
Expendi-
ture in-
age
of Receipts
ture
per
TCRE
per
Heating
and
Water.
Towels.
Soap.
Total for
Baths
cluding
Miscel-
laneous.
to Expen-
diture.
Bather, i Bather,
including j ex'-luding
Rents and .Rents and
Remarks.
upkeep.
Loan
Charges.
Loan
Charges.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
£
£
£
f
£
£
rf.
• d.
113
19
*
464'
797
68-6
*
' Includes £154 for heating,
lighting, and cleaning.
203
101
18
43
698
1624
21-2
7-2
*
' Includes rates and taxes.
91
82
20
296
676
25-6
7-3
3-9
213
78
41
28
606
1071
21 '8
7 0
4-5
115
26
21
.377
756
30-8
.5-2
3 0
' By Education Committee as
School Clinic.
109
85
30
27
441
712
34-4
6-1
4-3
175
39
21
15
453
1147
22-8
10-9
5-3
159
78
23
481
1021
18-6
6-8
41
113
44
6
319
541
20-7
11-6
8-5
416'
49
»
*
2040^
69-9
6-7
5-4
' Includes water.
' Includes £21 1 undifferentiated.
294
118
1
29
857
948
54 0
6-4
6-4
106
10
8
.367
504
.53-6
41
4-1
247
155
26
39
959'
1824
.H-8
7-6
5 0
' Includes washing towels and
costumes, £81.
397
97
49
1082
1798
74-2
5-8
4-8
*
«■
893'
910
3 0
1-8
' Includes £268 nndifl'erentiated.
162
U
6
260
448
50-9
6-8
*■'
' Assembly Hall.
statistics
126
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE
Showing Financial Position in Establishments containing 1 covered Swimming Bath and
Birkenhead —
Argyle Street, .
Burnley —
Gannow District,
Manchester —
Moss Side,
Bed Bank,
Rochdale —
Castleton Baths,
Nottingham —
Radford Baths, .
Northern Baths.
Huddersfield —
Lockwood Baths,
Central Baths, .
Leeds —
Bramley, .
York Road,
Edinburgh —
Caledonian Crescent ,
Glenogle Road, .
Private
Batlis,
includ-
ing
Spray
Baths.
23
22
32
29
17
12
12
20
28
20
21
36
36
Income.
£
812
516
283
249
276
606
312
210
897
226
382
64.5
475
Rent.
33
16
Total,
including
Miscel-
laneous.
£
826
549
283
249
289
686
364
210
989
234
404
684
494
EXPENDI-
Rents
and
Loan
Charges.
8.
538
806
361
641
283
482
150
322
781
857
437
952
Rates
Taxes,
and
Insurance.
£
45
101
110
103
80
23
21
27
62
210
163
104
103
Renewals
and
Repairs.
71
67
40
24
51
96
58
47
47
76
106
Total
for
Premises.
Salaries
and
Wages.
8.
9.
£
115
£
586
706
356
956
235
487
383
772
255
403
562
482
423
*
104
302
1038
1066
213
243
616
539
1161
495
Incomplete
127
FINANCE
XVI. D
over 10 Private Baths in Towns with more than 1 covered Establishment. Year 1913-1914.
TUBE.
Total
Expendi-
Pebcbkt-
AOE
Expendi-
ture
BlPENDI-
TrBK
ture, in-
of Receipts
per
per
cluding
to Expen-
Bather,
Bather,
Trpjtt.tTKT
Total for
Miscel-
diture.
including
excluding
and
Lighting.
Water.
Towels.
Soap.
Baths
Upkeep.
laneous.
Rents and
Loan
Charges.
Rents and
Loan
Charges.
Remakes.
10.
11.
12.
la
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
f
£
£
£
£
£
d.
d.
151
232
6
58
1034
1202
68-7
3-9
3-9
180
111
24
671
1389
39-5
7-0
4-3
164
90
43»
«
532
1572=
18 0
5-8
2-9
' Includes soap, cleaning, and
stores.
' Includes proportion of general
expenses, £62 (3-9 %).
208
71
451
706
1298=
19-2
5-4
3-9
' Includes soap, cleaning, and
stores.
' Includes proportion o£ general
expenses, £79 (6-1 %).
193
47
*
*•
1304
22-2
9-8
5 0
207
26fi
37
*
993'
1412
48-6
6-6
5-3
' Includes soap and cleaning.
181
152
29'
*
785
1364
26-7
9 0
5-8
' Includes soap and cleaning.
75
85
*
*
«-
498'
42-2
4-9
3-4
' Includes £56 undifferentiated.
320
310
»
*
»
1642'
60-2
5-5
4-4
' Includes £325 undifferentiated.
122
76
«
411
1457
161
11-0
5-1
184
126
«
554
1628
24-8
8-3
3-9
308
193
38
35
1114
1807'
37-8
6-5
5 0
' Includes administration ex-
penses £45 (2-5 %).
285
183
35
19
1018
2245'
220
10-8
6-2
' Includes administration ex-
penses £43 (1-9 %).
statistics.
Table XVI. li
128
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
TABLE
Showing Financial Position in Establishments containing 2 Swimming
Private
Baths,
includ-
iKGOMi;.
ElPENDI-
ing
Spray
Baths.
Fees.
Rent.
Total,
including
Miscel-
laneous.
Rents
and
Loan
Charges.
Rates,
Taxes,
and
Insurance.
Renewals
and
Repairs.
Total
for
Premises.
Salaries
and
Wages.
Macclesfield,
Wallasey, ....
Altrincliam,
Maidstone, ....
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
24
12
13
33
£
289
1334
391
601
£
£
305
1460
391
643
£
142
1200
60o
390
£
49
55
47
105
£
46
301
196 >
190'
£
237
1557
849
685
£
239
1096
304
327
Preston (Saul St.),
St. Helens
Tyldesley
Edmonton, ....
63
37
8
44
424
518
167
904
463
524
173
921
779
471
70
1334
30
173
22
296
95
117
47
105
904
761
140
1735
337
290
117
702
Shrewsbury,
24
578
592
335
82
60
478
317
Burton -on-Trent,
31
473
496
117
140
242
499
446
Newoastle-under-Lyme,
Dudley, ....
Bamsley
Castleford,
Perth, ....
12
16
23
11
636
279
642
467
247'
6
649
281
647
479
256
931
13
669
481
10
107
74
94
77
63 2
154
48
100
67
100
1192
135
863
626
173
331
237.
330
349
221
Colne
10
468
497
548
86
105
740
354
Incomplete
129
FINANCE
XVI. E.
Baths in Towns with 1 Establishment only. Year 1913-1914.
Heating
Total for
and
Water.
Towels.
Soap.
Batlis
Lighting.
Upkeep.
10.
11.
12.
£
13.
£
14.
£
£
£
1G4
lOf)
]:i
33
555 ,
452 1
♦
47
1668 !
278
55
637
17fi
56
27
14
600
217
206
52
35
.S48 '
397
29
48
764
94
41
3
19
275
547
261
12
401
1562
277
...
95
* 1
689
308'
»
43
34
832
317
136
11
48
843
94
54
28
413
281
4
31
647
197
44
1
46
636 1
106
15
« 3
342
208
54
2
28
646
Percent-
AOE of
Receipts
to Expen-
diture.
Expendi-
Expendi-
Tntal Ex-
pendilure,
including
Miscel-
laneous.
ture per
bather.
inclndinix
Rrnts ami
Loan
Charges.
ture per
Bather,
excluding
Rents and
Loan
Charges.
15.
16.
17.
18.
£
d.
d.
804
37-9
6-3
5-2
3279
44-5
5-9
3-8
1503
26-0
5-1
3-1
1304
49-3
61
4-3
1772
26-1
3-7
21
1540
34-0
4-8
3-3
419
41-3
4-1
3-4
3340
27-5
9-3
5-6
1193
49-6
5-2
3-7
1353
36-7
6-8
6-2
2060
31-5
9-7
0-3
560
50-2
3-5
3-4
1560
41-5
7-7
4-4
1271
37-7
6-9
4-3
550
46-5
3-5
3-4
1391
35-7
7-3
4.4
RE>r.\RK.S.
' Includes water.
' Includes washing machine, £41.
^ Includes alterations in heating
arrangements, £98.
Excludes stores,
ated, included
dries.
Soap and cleaning
under sundries.
Includes water.
undifferenti-
under sun-
included
Open for eight months only.
' Includes hire of towels and
costumes.
- Includes feu duty.
' Soap and cleaning included
under siindrie^.
130
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Open-Air Baths
Open-air baths present a very much simpler problem than covered establish-
ments, although their finance necessarily varies widely in accordance with the type
of bath built. The proportion of income to expenditure is very low, as in many
cases admission to the baths is free, though it is common to make a small charge
for the use of dressing-box, towel, or costume. Apart from rents and loan charges,
salaries form a large percentage of the upkeep. Heating and lighting charges are
infrequently found, because, with few exceptions, the baths are open only during
the summer months. The charge for water is variable ; it is little or nothing in the
case of river baths, but is heavy in large cities, e.g. Birmmgham and Derby. The
cost per bather will depend largely on the number using the baths and on the
weather conditions, but is in general very much lower than that for covered baths,
being often only a fraction of a penny. The following tables give particulars
similar to those collated in the case of covered baths.
TABLE XVII. A
To indicate the cost of Open-Air Swimming Baths and the use made of them in 8
Towns which also possess Covered Bath Establishments. Year 1913-1914.
Number
Capital
Expenditure.
Cost per
Bather.
of
3at.h{-rs.
Cost.
1
Including
Rents and
Loan
Charges.
Eictudiug
Bents and
Gross.
Net.
Including
Excluding
Including
Excluding '
Charges.
Rents and
Loan
Rents and
Loan
Rents and
Loan
Rents and
Loan
UOOS.
Charges.
Charges.
Charges.
Charges.
Liverpool
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
<•
7.
d.
8.
£
£
£
d.
i
d.
Burlington St. .
92
699
345
279
•9
•7
•9
•7
Gore St.i .
157
1947
293
177
•4
•3
•4
■3
Green Lane ^
82
1000
213
163
•6
•5
■6
•5
Mansfield St.* .
146
2932
386
207
■6
•3
•6
•3
Sheffield
Rivelin Valley .
11
1624
98
98
21
2-1
1-8
1-8
Bristol
Rennison's
8
1508
101
101
31
31
1-3
1-3
Greville Smyth .
7
2687
274
134
9-2
4-5
8-1
3-4
Victoria Park .
7
2736
218
78
7-5
2-7
6-4
1-6
Eastville Park .
13
2496
1 216
76
41
1-4
31
•5
Tottenham .
23
4419
i 447
277
4-7
2-9
3-6
1-8
East Ham ,
86
1500
j 283
190
•8
•5
■6
•4
Preston
18
831
81
81
10
10
•3
•3
Swansea
13
500
70
70
1-3
1-3
• •
• ■
Wood Green
17
1
Rented
143
128
20
1
1-8
•8
•6
1 For juvenile b.atliers only.
131
FINANCE
TABLE XVII. B
Showing cost of Open- Air Bathing Facilities and the use made of them in 17
places which possess no Covered Swimming Baths. Year 1913-1914.
NOMBEB
Capital
BXPENDITUKE.
Cost per
Bathkh.
,
of
Bathers.
Cost.
~
1
I..KI
—.
Not. 1
Including
Rents an<l
Excluding
I^entB and
[
.
Loan
Loan
Including
Excluding
Including
Excluding
Cliarjies.
Ciiarges.
Rents and
Rents and
Rents and
Rents and
Loan
Loan
Loan
Loan
^
000s.
Charges.
Charges.
Charges.
Charges.
1.
2,
3.
£
4.
5.
6.
7.
d.
8.
Willesden
£
£
d.
d.
d.
Gladstoue Park
19
2569
347
264
4-3
3-3
2-8
1-7
King Edward VII.
Recreation Ground .
30
3341
422
266
3-4
2-1
1-8
■6
Northampton
Midsummer Meadow .
475
4000
341
169
•17
■09
•16
•07
Kingsthorpe (Men)
13
1050
243
243
4-4
4-4
43
4-3
Millers' Meadow (Men)
25
1058
73
73
•7
■7
• (
•7
Aberdare
14
714
46
46
•8
■8
Bath ....
28
1700
247
211
21
1-8
2-1
18
Twickenham
72
280
80
79
■3
■3
•3
•3
Gravesend .
33
2020
287
158
21
1-2
•4
Ogmore and Grarw
6
500
22
22
•9
■9
..->
•2
Dartford
18
1450
364
233
4-8
31
31
1-4
Worksop
4
941
118
66
6-6
3-7
5-4
2-5
Grantham .
14
Subscrip-
tion
60
60
1-0
10
.o
•2
Bridgewater
14
Gift
72
72
1-2
1-2
■9
•9
Tonbridge .
30
1024
106
63
•9
•5
•1
Stamford
21
970
173
105
1-9
1-2
•8
East Grinstead
6
360
48
48
2-0
20
13
1-3
Stourport
4
312
75
34
4-4
20
3-3
■9
Witney
5
70
20
20
•9
•9 .
•3
■3
1 Ambleside .
1
69
35
27
6-8
5-3
5-9
4-3
Wash-Hou.ses
Attention has already been drawn to the fact that where wash-houses form
part of a baths establishment, the washers contribute more largely to its maintenance
than the bathers, it their respective numbers are taken into account. The number
of wash-houses, where it was possible to analyse the finance apart from that of
baths, is too small for any generalisation to be possible. The deficit is considerably
lower than that for public baths ; in Perth there is a surplus, and in Glasgow the
running costs are practically met. The heavy deficit incurred in the Edinbtu-gh
wash-houses appears to be due to the large sums expended for heating and hghting
and also for water. Moreover, it must be borne in mind that a room and attendant
for the children of washers is provided. Defective machinery or faults in the
construction of the drying chambers, whereby coal consumption is increased, may
lead to unnecessarily heavy running costs. The average time for a washing is from
2 to 3 hours, and where the sum paid is 2d. an hour, this appears to meet the
expenditure apart from rents and loan charges.
132
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Final Conclttsion
Conclusion. In dealbig with the finance of Public Baths and Wash-houses, it is evident that
comparisons can only be drawn by a careful consideration of all the facts summarised
in Appendix I., supplemented by personal knowledge. As already indicated the
crucial figure appears to be that which shows the expenditure incurred for each
bather. The test of success must be, not whether an estabUshment is making
a big income, but whether it is getting the maximum return on the money
expended.
SECTION X
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
In the first section of this Report it is stated that the question of PubUc Baths and Means tor
Wash-houses can only justly be considered in relation to the larger question of how ^nc^'"o\*''^'"
best to ensure a self-respecting life for every citizen. It is possible that a solution cleanliness,
of the dirt problem will be arrived at largely by means which do not consist simply in
provision for washmg. An abatement of the smoke nuisance, less overcrowding,
better education in the use of existing facilities, and more leisure in which to take
advantage of them, will contribute in no small degree toward the end in view ; above
all these, the quickened sense of social obligation and of the solidarity of the nation
as a whole which is at present so much in evidence should lead to far-reaching
reforms.
In the meanwhile no unprejudiced observer can doubt that the work done by The work
PubUc Baths and Wash-houses has been of the utmost value to the masses of the °„t^oyJtjgg
people, even in its experimental stages. Step by step one pioneer scheme has been
added to another, not by way of supplanting but of supplementing what was already
in existence. Each town has its own problem to work out, in plans for cleansing
schemes, school baths, cottage baths and swimming estabhshments which may
also be centres of social welfare. Each town should realise that if thousands
of its citizens have no proper facilities for cleanliness, it is, in the words of a New
York report, " a disgrace to the city and to the civilisation of the nineteenth
centuiy." ^
The closmg down of swimming baths and of wash-houses, raising the fees of the War
latter, and " redistributing " the duties of the attendants so as to effect some small ^^o"""^'*^*
saving at their expense, are all measures which have been advocated on the plea of
war economy. While every allowance must be made for dilficulties of administra-
tion at the present time, it may be pointed out that to inaugurate schemes for the
physical welfare of mothers and children on the one hand, whUe reducing the means
of cleanliness available on the other, is directly contrary to the reasoned opinions
expressed in every recent report dealing with child-weKare. Moreover the cconomj'
which closes swimming baths during the summer holidays, and leaves boj's and girls
to find what amusement they can in the streets, may prove decidedly expensive ui
the long run.
While problems pecuhar to the different aspects of the matter in hand have been Issues ior
discussed in the sections dealing specifically with them, certain broad issues emerge jj^gj^jj^^
as the outcome of a somewhat detailed inquiry,
' •• Report on Public Baths (Public Comforts Station)," by the Mayor's Committee of New York
City, 1897.
134
(1) The co-
ordination of
authorities.
(2) The co-
operation oi:
women.
(3) The value
ol: uniform
statistics.
Necessity for
coherent
schemes in
relation to
the ends in
view.
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Lack of co-ordination between the various authorities concerned may lead to
inefficiency in administration. At present the Baths Committee is responsible for
Public Baths and Wash-houses, the Education Committee for school baths and
cleansing schemes for school children, the Public Health Committee for cleansing
schemes for adults, and the Parks Committee for open-air baths. In compiling
this Report it was not unusual to receive detailed information from one authority,
in which no reference whatever was made to the work of other departments which
had a direct bearing on the questions at issue. This difficulty is being solved in
certain instances by the formation of a small joint committee to consider the baths
poUcy of the town as a whole, or by delegating several functions to one department.
The extreme importance of following up schemes for school bathing during adoles-
cence, and of the simultaneous cleansing of school children and the home they come
from, emphasises the necessity for such co-ordination.
The desirabiht j^ of a closer association of women with men in the work of baths
and housing administration must be sufficiently evident to any one who has read the
previous sections of this Report. A woman superintendent to supervise work on the
women's and children's side has lately been appointed in Liverpool, and doubtless
this practice will be more extensively followed in the future. The presence of women
who have had actual experience of the conditions to be dealt with should be of
advantage m committee work, both in regard to moral and social questions, and also
in matters of practical detail.
The lack of any uniform system of statistics and definition, and the practice
in certain places of lumping large sums under the heading " Miscellaneous," are
serious obstacles in the way of progress. At present a number of valuable reports
are published every year by Local Authorities throughout the United Kingdom,
but owing to the different systems adopted, it is difficult to draw accurate com-
parisons or to arrive at a sm-vey of the whole. If the great towns could decide on a
uniform system, both in regard to bathers and finance, they might go far towards
solving certain problems in the solution of which there is stiU much experimental
work to be done. Such statistics would in no way interfere with matters of special
local interest, but they would be helpful m general administration, and in the
inauguration of new schemes.
Owing doubtless to the heavy initial outlay involved, many baths and wash-
house schemes have been thought out in sections which are ill-co-ordinated one
with another. With the experience akeady gained it should now be possible to
project coherent schemes, in which the needs of the town as a whole may be adequately
dealt with. The complexity of the subject lies in the fact that there are different
ends in view which should be clearly distmguished : —
( 1 ) The cleansing of persons.
(2) The cleansing of clothes.
(3) The provision of wholesome recreation.
(4) The teaching of swimming and life savuag.
A consideration of these aims in relation to present conditions leads to a further
135
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
question. Are they of sufficient value to the community as a whole to justify their Policy to be
being made attainable by the poorest, or should there be an income limit below P'"'^"f^ ™
° J r regard to the
which cleanliness is only possible for paupers and prisoners ? In other words, is masses of
the criterion of success the numbers who make use of the facilities, or the income "'^ Peonle.
derived from them ?
The work done by voluntary associations in conjunction with "■ voluntary Possibilities
minded" officials has advanced the movement for better facilities to the position ^"sin? out
'■ 01 co-opera-
it now occupies. It is possible to conceive of shimming baths with a weU-plarmed tion.
system of showers, to which boys and girls who have left school come for their bath
and a swim in summer, and for their bath and games in the winter evenings. Under
the right leaders such places may exercise an influence for good which can hardly be
overestimated. Again, it is possible to thinli of wash-houses, in the construction
of which modem science, with its knowledge of ventilation and noiseless machinery,
has played a part, where mothers may get through their work without let or hindrance,
while the children who have been loft at the nursery school or baby-room are safe-
guarded from fire or scalding. That such schemes are not chimerical is evidenced
by the work already achieved.
Municipal undertakings can be used to their fullest extent only where there is
co-operation, and a demand on the part of every class in the community for the
well-being of the whole will lead to further achievement in many directions. Good
administration is based on a recognition of the value of personal service throughout
the scale of human endeavour, and of the utter futility of mechanical or sectional
conceptions. Now, as at all times, the secret of success is with those men and women
who are willing to make the most of things as they are, while the vision of all that
might be Ues open before them.
NOTES ON APPENDICES I, II, AND III
Contents
Appendix I. is designed to give detailed information in regard to baths and
wasii-Iiouse establisliments which are open to the public in the United Kingdom.
It is supplemented by Appendix II., which contains the names of places possessing
minor facilities, and those from which the returns asked for were not received. An
S appended to the name of a town in Appendix I. denotes that baths in connection
with the elementary schools, particulars in regard to which are set forth in Appendix
III., have also been provided.
In order to render the survey of the provision in each town as complete as
possible, privately owned establishments have been included wherever mentioned
by the Local Authority. An exception was made however in the case of baths
attached to institution.s and used exclusively by then- inmates, e.g. boardmg-schools.
Importance of Notes
Owing to anomalies arising from the lack of a uniform system of statistics, a
careful study of the notes in regard to any town or establishment should be made,
prior to analysis.
Totals for Town
The figures entered against tiie name of a town as totals for that town have
reference only to establishments erected prior to 1914 and imder the management
of the Baths and Wash-house and the Parks Committees. Figures for privately
owned or school baths are not included ui these totals. In certain instances it has
not been possible to make a complete diilerentiation between the two sexes in giving
the total number of bathers, but in such cases the figures for male and female have
been given, so far as possible, in order to indicate the proportion of each, and a note
added.
Date
The figures given are for the year 1913-1914, i.e. pre-war. Names of establish-
ments erected since that date are entered, but the fig\u-es are not included in the
totals for the town. Where returns for another j'^ear were received, e.g. 1914-1915, a
note to that effect is appended.
Explanation of Type and Symbols
Names of covered bath establishments are printed in ordinary type.
Names of open-air baths are printed in italics.
Names of school baths open to the public out of school hovns are printed in
small capitals.
u
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
C.B. = County Borough.
M.B. Municipal Borough.
Met.B. = MetropoUtan Borough.
U.D.C. = Urban District Council.
R.D.C. = Rural District Council.
R.B. =. Royal Buigh (Scotland).
P.B. = Parliamentary Buigh (Scotland).
P. = Police Buigh (Scotland).
L.C.C. Denotes that no returns were received from the London Metropolitan
Borough referred to, and that figures were therefore compiled from
London /Statistics, vol. xxv.
P. Placed after a name denotes that a bath is privately o^vned.
R. Denotes River Bath.
S. Denotes that a town also possesses baths for the use of elementary
scholars.
S.B. Denotes Sea Water Bath.
X Denotes that the retmns entered in the Appendix were approximated b}
the local authorities.
* Denotes imperfect statistics, figures not available, or differing in certain
respects from those given in printed documents for the same year.
T, K, or V. Added under the heading " Turkish or Russian " indicates that the baths
in the establishment to whicli reference is made are Turkish, Russian,
or Vapour respectively.
+ In columns 27A and 28A — ^Wash-houses — indicates that provision is
made for mangling and ironing respectively.
Approx. Denotes that the returns furnished must not be used for detailed
comparison.
( ) La the fee columns indicate that the figure enclosed is the price of a
season ticket.
[ 1 In the fee columns indicate that the figure enclosed is the price of a club
ticket.
5 Denotes that the charge for soap was not indicated in the returns.
EXPLANATIOK OF TeRMS AND METHOD OF CLASSIFYrNG UNDER RESPECTIVE
Headings
'■ Bathers " is used for bathers only, and does not include persons making
use of the baths for other purposes, e.g. spectators or users of a gym-
nasium during the winter months.
"Private Baths" includes both slipper and spray baths. Where the
latter are provided a note in the remark column indicates their number.
" Turkish aoid Russian Baths " may include also specialised baths for which
no other column is available and a note in the remark column indicates
the particular type of bath provided, e.g. medicated, electric, etc.
Ill
NOTES ON APPENDICES I, II, AND III
Income and Expenditure
It has often been impossible to differentiate income and expenditure imder the
headings specified. Where undifferentiated items come under the same group head-
ing, e.g. " charges for premises " or " baths upkeep," the total for the group is not
affected ; but in some instances the undiffei'entiated items come under different groups,
e.g. "printing, stationery and miscellaneous staff expenses." Where the sum involved
forms a considerable proportion of the total income or expenditure, no attempt has
been made to estimate group totals or percentages, but the undifferentiated items
have been included in the final total and a note appended. Where the totals are not
greatly affected, the undifferentiated items have been included under one of the
groups, the percentages worked, and a note added.
Bath establishments have necessarily to meet from time to time heavy ex-
penditure involved in extensions or substantial repair's or renewals. These are often
met by raising a loan, but sometimes they are paid out of revenue. It would
obATiously be unsatisfactory for purposes of comparison to enter items of extra-
ordinary expenditure against an establishment. In many cases these have been
excluded ; in others they have been inserted but ignored in calculating the per-
centages. In other instances, again, where the item, though not a constant one, is
yet likely to recur at frequent intervals, e.g. painting, it has been included in the
percentages. In every case, however, where the information has been fort^hcoming,
a remark has been made stating the amount of the expenditure involved. In a very
few cases the entry " depreciation charges " appears in the account of expenditure
furnished. This item has not been included.
'■ Salaries and Wages "
Under the heading " Salaries and Wages " have been included items such as the
supply of light, coal, etc., for a Baths Manager's house, workman's insurance, fees
for medical examinations, cost of imiforms. Superannuation charges, on the other
hand, are included under " SlisceUaneous" and so also are sums given in coin-
pensation for accidents. In a large establishment, the labour requii'ed for laimdry
purposes forms a considerable item of expense, and it should be remembered that
when laundry work is not done by the staff, but appears as a separate item and is
included under the total for baths upkeep, the percentage for wages is lower than
would otherwise be the case.
'" Water ""
Charges for pumping have, wherever specified, been included under those for
water. Where the sum under this heading is small, it is probable in many cases
that pumping has been included under " Heating and Lighting " which wUl be
correspondingly heavier.
■■ Soap aiid Cleaning "
Under this heading is included the cost of cleaning materials such as oil and
brushes. It is probable that many articles which should come under this category
IV
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
have been included under " Other Items," and the two columns should be read
together. Where an entry has been made for " stores " it has been included under
" Soap and Cleaning," as the term probably comprises, in the main, cleaning
materials. The item has very often not been differentiated at all, and in such cases
it has very probably been included under '" Other Items." Where no entry has been
made for " Towels and Costumes," or for " Soap and Cleanmg," the item " Renewals
and Repairs " as furnished, may possibly include them. In cases where statistics
are not fully given all these columns should, therefore, be read in conjunction.
" Miscellaneous "
The two columns under this heading, namely, " Printing and Stationery " and
" Other Items," are in many cases not separated, and the entry has been placed
imder the total only. The item " Other Items " has been kept as small as possible,
though insufficient differentiation in the returns has, in many instances, made this
figure unnecessarily high. All expenditure of an abnormal or non-recurring nature
has been distinctly specified in a remark in the notes column.
Central Administration
In the case of large towns the cost of administration is sometimes given for the
town as a whole, and sometimes apportioned between the separate establishments.
When the latter method has been adopted the charge has been excluded from any of
the subsidiary headings and appears only in the final total, the amount and per-
centage to the whole being appended in a note. It is hoped that this course wiU
enable towns which follow different plans in this respect, to be compared njore
readily in regard to the proportional expenditure in their several establishments.
In the case of single establishments where office expenses and administration
charges are given, they are included under " Miscellaneous," with a remark to that
effect.
" Scale of Charges "
Swimmirig Baths. — The fees given include admission and cost of towel and
dressing-box. " F " indicates free admission, but should not be taken as implying
the free use of towel or dressing-box, unless specially noted.
" Childi'en " are boys and girls under 14 years of age, unless otherwise stated.
Private Baths. — The fees given under this heading include the fee for a liot batli
with use of towel, and soap. In the case of the latter great difficultj' has been
experienced in determining whether the charges given by the local authorities are
intended to include those for soap. Different towns have different systems. In
some cases the charge made entitles the bather to a tablet of soap ; in others an
additional charge of Id. or |d. is made for it. In other establishments again,
certain classes of bath users have soap free, whilst others pay for it separately.
Where the separate charge is specified it has been added to the charge for the use of
the bath. Where it has not been possible to ascertain wliether the fee entitles the
bather to soap or not the letter s has been placed before the amount charged, to
indicate the uncertainty.
V
NOTES ON APPENDICES I, II, AND III
Hour*
For the purpose of Appendix I. "' Summer " has been defined as the period
extending from May to September inclusive, and the average number of hours has
been calculated accordingly. Where the baths are open for a longer or shorter
period than these five months, the fact is recorded in a note. In many instances the
hours dm'ing which the baths are open differ at different seasons. In these cases an
average per week has been found for the five " Summer " months and the seven
" Winter " months. Again, where the baths are closed in winter and open for a
longer period than that defined above as " Summer," the average is found for the
longer period and not for the five months only. This method has been adopted as
tlic most satisfactory way of reducing to a comparable form what would otherwise
be rather unwieldy data. If the average number of hours per week is known, and
also the period over which this average extends, it is always possible to compute
the total number of hours for the period during which the faciUties are available,
and thus to obtain a comparable figure even when the periods of " Winter " and
" Summer " opening and closing vary. It should be said that in a somewhat large
number of cases it has been impossible to obtain the figure required owing to
insufficient data, especially in regard to the proportion of time allotted to men
and women respectively. Moreover, in many cases where different hours were
given for " Summer " and " Winter," these periods were not defined. In such eases
a note lias been made to that effect.
A special difficulty has arisen in regard to open-air baths because many of
them have been returned as closing "'at sunset," or. "after sunset," or "at
dusk." The average time for sunset during the five summer months has been
taken to be 7.30 p.m. in England and 8 p.m. in Scotland, and the number of hours
per week has been calculated on this basis. Where the phrase " till closing time "'
is the only indication given in the case of an open-air establishment, it has been
assumed that the bath is closed at sunset. In cases where the bath is open for
a longer period than five months, the average time of simset has been calculated
for a correspondingly earlier hour.
The number of hours during which the baths are open for mixed and family
bathing has been included in both the men's and the women's hours.
In many cases the swimming baths are reserved at certain hours for the use of
clubs. Where these hours fall \vithin the period during which the baths are open
to the public, thej- are included in the average number of hours, but not when the
bath is kept open for clubs only after the ordinary closing time. In both cases the
length of time involved is indicated by means of a note.
Numbers placed in brackets before the words " Hall," " Gymnasium," etc.,
correspond to the order followed in giving the area of baths ih Columns '-^ and
4 A, and indicate which bath is used for each purpose. Placed after the words
"Hall." "Gymnasium," etc., the numbers indicate the number of baths used for
the purpose specified.
VI
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Degree of Accuracy and Sources of Error
The greatest care has been exercised to ensure accuracy m the compiling of
data supplied. Wherever possible the figures were compared with those in other
reports and statistics relating to the same year, and discrepancies referred back to
the Local Authorities concerned. Owing, however, to war conditions it has been
impossible always to obtam such detailed information as was desired. The system
of annotation adopted draws attention to doubtful points which might give rise to
misconception.
Date
Owing to the war it was of especial importance that figures should be given for
1913-1914. In certain instances, however, this condition was ignored, and returns
for later dates sent in. Although such returns have been included with an explana-
tory note they have not been used for the purpose of drawing comparisons o]'
conclusions, as it is obvious that changes in population and conditions in certain
districts, minimise the value of the figures given.
AUendajict per 1000
The figure of attendance per 1000 of the population is based on the total
population given in the 1911 census, and the total number of bathers in the year for
which the retm-ns were made, i.e. 1913-1914. Hence it involves an error which
varies for each instance and is easily calculated. It should be remembered that m
compai'able towns the population will show a similar tendency either to rise or
remain stationary, and since the errors involved will thus tend to neutralise one
another, they may normally be ignored for purposes of comparison. Cases in
which the population is decreasing are few and the decrease is very sUght. For
London bath establishments the figiu'e is of much less value owing to the fact that
the baths may be used by people the bulk of whom reside in adjoining boroughs.
In the case of large towns with several establishments, it has been possible in
certain instances to give the population for 1914 of the districts served by the
different estabUshments, and the attendance per 1000 in the cases of these separate
establishments has been calculated for each district.
Nwmher of Bathers
In several cases it has been impossible to estimate the number of bathers
owing to the fact that season ticket-holders ai'e returned only once. Where the
number of season ticket-holders was negUgible this discrepancy has been ignored
and the figure used, but no use has been made of figures where their inclusion
would give rise to any considerable error.
Capital Coat
The figures given for Capital Cost should be read with caution, as in many
instances the site or a part of the building has been gifted, and it seems probable that
in other cases additions paid for out of revenue were not included. In other instances
VH
NOTES ON APPENDICES I, II, AND III
again, only the cost of conversion or acquisition has been given, the original cost
being unknown. Wherever possible information in regard to these points is
furnished in the notes.
Finance
All sums mentioned in the tables are correct to the nearest pound, i.e. should
be read as ± 10s. Hence it foUows that totals will not in every instance agree with
an addition of the items which compose them.
Bate Aid
The second decimal place of the figure given as rate aid in terms of Id. in the £
is hable to error, owing to the fact that certain towns approximated to the second and
others to the third decimal place.
APPENDIX I
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAMK ul- PLACK
I'OIM 1 A.
SWIMMINt
BATHS
SLII'PER AND
SPKAV BATHS
1
N.iiiihcr
A
e.i
Male
Bathers
Female
lot.il
Number
Halhcrs
Batliers pt-r
Bath or Spray
iiiily
Tot.il
Lcugtli
Brcidtli
Male
Female
Total
Male
I-elilale
Total
Male
Peiiale
49,978
1
2
3
4
6
6
7,391
7
47,751
8
35
9
10
11
12
3112
13
14
16
BEDFORDSHIRE
M.B. Luton '
1
ft.
100
ft.
35
40,360
u
46
41,584
44,696
1188
283
BERKSHIRE
C.B. Reading
76,198
6
«
•
.
••
6
1,500
approx.
500
approx.
2,000
approx.
..
Arthur Hill .
1
90
30
16,000
approx.
7,000
approx.
24.800 >
approx.
6
1,500
approx.
600
approx.
2,000
approx.
Tilehur^t Rd. .
1
45
20
8,153
2,508
10.661
King's Meadow
{Men)
1
210
66
♦
•
•■
King's Meadow
{Women)
1
1
120
46
«
•
Coley {Men)
1
200
60
•
•
-•
M.B. Abitigdon ,
(i,809
1
«
s
•
•
•
••
Maidenhead
15,219
1
100
40
•
•
*
• ■
Newbury ,
12,107
3
156
84'
24' dia
39
39'
meter'
2,500
2,380
5,880
••
••
U.U.C. Wantage .
3,628
1
36
15
«
*
•
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
U.D.C. Nc^t'porl Pragndl
4.238
1
300
21
t
t
t
..
CAMBRIDGESHIRE
M.B. Cambridge '
40,027
1
2
•
•
•
•
•
••
CHESHIRE
C.B. Birkenhead
130,794
3
34,461
3,845
119,684 '
33
10
43
25,835
1544
27,379
783
154
Livingstone Rd.
2
60
76
24
30
16,416
3,306
64,486'
17
3
20
8,660
546
9,205
509
182
Arg>-Ie St.
1
47
30
18,045
539
55,198 '
16
7
23
17,176
999
18,174
1073
143
Chester ' .
39,028
2
60
75
30
40
78,074
11,205
90,179
26
4
30
13,165
1546
14,711
506
386
APPENDIX I
TL KKISH OR RUSSIAN' BATHS
Ac com-
iiio.l.-t-
tiou tor
Total attendance
82,853
17,500
approx,
8,153
12 100
I I
10,605 93,458
7,500
approx,
2,380
60,296
25,076
35,220
5,389
3,851
1,538
26,800
approx.
5,880
147,003 '
73,691 '
92,227 I 12,763 | 104,990
Swiiiiniin^
Bath
Private
Baths
955
Total
in chiding;
lurktsh
and
Russian
894 1870
486
Wash-houses
Accoiniiiodation
Stalls Mangling
209
2311 377 2690
Ironiiigf
Washers
per Stalli
Reop-
ened in
1912
1864
Recon-
structed
in 1893
1902
1912
1880
1909
1870
added
to 1914
1897
1882
added to
in 1904
1001
J Figures for 1914-15.
-"Summer" and "winter"
not defined.
^ Replaced old Baths.
The Reading Gas Coy. pro-
vides bathing accommo-
dation for its workmen.
» Includes 1800 school chil-
dren undifferentiated.
' "Summer" and " winter"
not defined.
' Includes water.
» Club season tickets half-
price.
> Reduced fees to clubs.
* No dressing accommoda-
tion provided.
Excludes capital expendi-
ture for new water sup*
ply, etc., £54.
Subscription.
' For family of 4, 12s.
• " Summer " and " ivintcr "
undefined.
t No record kept.
' Includes April.
* Figures, re finance foi
1915.
' Includes October and April
* Bath closed in December,
Januar>', and February.
> Includes 81,378 school chil-
dren and club members
undifferentiated.
* Includes 44,764 school
children and club mem-
bers undifferentiated.
* Includes salt-water mains,
£862.
' " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
1 Includes 36, 614 school chil-
dren and club mem ben
undiff eien tia ted .
* *' Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
' Figures for 1915.
' Includes charges for Tur-
kish Baths.
' Excludes 1) hours per
nipht reserved for clubs.
* " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
B
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
INCOME
Bath Fees
Wash-
house
I'AY-
Rent
FOR
MISCRLLANEOUS
TOTAL
KtiCEIPTS
Namf. ur Pi.ACt
Poptri.A
TION
Swim-
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in.
eluded
in fore-
Kouig
nath
Hire by
Clubs,
(.alas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tions for
Scliool
Cliildren
Total
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Total
49,978
X
£
551
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16^
£
192
16
BEDFORDSHIRE
M.B. Luton >
£
745
£
£
38
£
£
16
£
£
40
£
1389
£
£
26
£
46
£
115
£
31
£
1607
BERKSHIRE
C.B. Reading .
75,198
■■
••
..
..
..
627
Arthur Hill .
275
46
14
335
24
2
26
361
Tilehurst Rd. .
80
••
47
128
2
2
130
King's Meadow
{Men)
56
56
11
11
68
Kitig's Meadow
(Women)
18
4
20
43
8
8
51
Colcy (Men)
13
13
5
5
17
M.B. Abingdon .
6,809
20
20
20
Maidenhead
15,210
72
••
••
••
72
72
Newbury .
12,107
28
••
•■
28
•■
••
28
U.D.C. IVanlage .
3,628
18
■•
••
18
••
18
BUCKINGH.'MrtSHIRi;
U.D.C. Newport Pragnell
4,238
..
..
, ,
CAMBRIDGESHIRI!
M.B. Cambridge '
4(i,():iT
14
••
••
14
••
••
14'
CHESHIRE
C.B. Birkenhead
130,794
••
••
..
..
1662
Livingstone Rd.
651
149
24
■•
823
••
13
13
836
Argj'le St.
458
347
■•
9
812
IS
13
826
Chester' .
39,028
416
273-
-•
»
•■
15
739
41
10
51
79-T
APPENDIX I
OEFICn
METBV
ASSESS-
MENT
1416
TOTAL
INCOMI-
£
3023
1734 i 2361
326 68S
150
280
EXPENsrnntE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
456 506
515
97
95 108
27
63'
1304 . 290G
376 1202
15 IS 2308
Rents
aiui
Loan
Charges
£
1184
296
398
20
42
Rates.
Taxes,
Insur-
ance
_20_
£
183
31
48
45
133
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
21
£
74
51 21
16 12
18
48
43
24
29
26
20
71
£
1442
239
392
441
48
75
30
201
115
Bath Upkrhp
Salaries
ai^d
Wages
328
115
94
59
49
87
23
Heatinii
and
Lighting
24
£
569
1G4
44
25
£
128
278 497
Towels Soa
and
Cos-
tumes
19
35
425 I 284 73 39
Clcan-
£
95
61
58
48
£
1559
MISCELLANEOUS
I'rnitint;
and
Station-
ery
48
1034
869
39
Other
Items
£
22
TOTAL
EXPENDI-
TURE
197
2361
G88
2B0
372
506
515
97
168
55
IS
50
77'
2966
l-ISH-
MP.Nr
Reop-
ened in
1912
1864
Recon-
structed
in 1893
1902
1880
1870
added
to 1914
1897
1882
added to
in 1904
^ Figures for 1914-15.
' "Summer" and "winter"
not defined.
^ Replaced old Baths.
The Reading Gas Coy. pro-
vides bathing accommo-
dation for its workmen.
> Includes 1800 school chil-
dren undifferentiatea.
' "Summer" and " winter"
not defined.
' Includes water.
» Club season tickets half-
price.
> Reduced fees to clubs.
No dressing accommoda-
tion provided.
' Excludes capital expendi
ture for new water sup-
ply, etc., £54.
' Subscription.
• For family of 4, 12s.
• '* Summer " and " winter "
undefined.
t No record kept.
' Includes April.
' Figures, re finance for
1915.
' Includes October and April
' Bath closed in December,
January, and February.
' Includes 81,378 school chil-
dren and club members
undifierentiated.
1 Includes 44,764 school
children and club mem
bers undiSerentialed.
' Includes salt-water mains,
£862.
• "Summer" and " uintcr'
not defined.
1 Includes 36, 614 school cbU
dren and club memben
undifferentiated.
■ " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
' Figures for 1915.
' Includes charges (or Tur-
kish Baths.
* Excludes 1) hours per
nigln reserved for clubs.
" Summer " and " winter *'
not defined.
6
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Capital
COST
Rate
Am
IN
Tf-rms
OF Id.
IN;C
PERCENTAGES
SCALE OF
Iitcoine
Expenditure
Revenue
to
Swiininiiig Batli
Private
namk ui- ri.ACK
Popur-A-
rioN
I£xpe[iili-
tiirc
li.iUi
Wash.
House
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
Ctiarge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscell.
aneous
ATale
I'fUMli:
Cl.il-
driu
Male
Female
Salaries,
etc.
Otticr
Items
1
£
15,519
2
3
4
B
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
BEDFORDSHIRE
M.B. Luton '
49,978
1-5
45^9
7^2
46-8
47^7
24-2
27^4
•7
53-1
6d.,4d.,
3d.
6d.,4d.,
3d.
3d., 2d.,
lid.,F.
S 6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
BERKSHIRE
C.B. Reading .
75,198
.
•97
73^4
26^6
.Arthur Hill .
Gift
•18
48^7
3^8
47-4
105
47^7
40^6
12
52^5
4d.
4d.
Id.
s6d.,
4d.
s6d.,
4d.
Tilehurst Rd. .
1,226
•08
45^7
..
•7
536
332
411
23^9
1-8
460
3d.
3d.
2d., Id.
King's Meadow
(Men)
2,700
15^1
3
81^7
64^2
27^7
6^2
19
183
(6/),3d.,
F.
I
King's Meadow
{Women)
5,481
• ^71
8-4
1^6
90^1
77^5
18^0
2^2
2
10^1
(6/),4d.
F.
••
Coley (Men) .
2,312
-'
•25
■■
1
96^7
85^6
H5
•6
2^5
33
(.5/Wd.,
1
i
M.B. Abingdon .
6,809
400
•75
20^6
79^4
49^5
50^5
••
20^6
(5/),'
2d.
(5/),>
2d.
2d.
1
Maidenhead
15,219
1,069
•25
42-9
••
565
44^6
518
36
42^9
(4/),
2d.'
t^'.=
(2/6),
Id.
t
I
Newbury ,
12,107
450
•14
50^9
49^1
54^5
41-8
36
50^9
(5/), 2d.
(5/), 2d.
Id., F.
...
U.D.C. Wantage .
3,628
550 =
appros.
100-0
•■
27^8
66^7
5^0
1000
(5/).»
3d., 2d.
(5/),'
3d., 2d.
(3/6)
BUCKINGH.AMSHIRE
U.D.C. Ne^oporl Pragnell
4,238
unknown
Id.
100
500
50.0
F.
F.
F.
. ,
CAMBRIDGESHIRE
M.B. Cambridge '
40,027
'
*
18-2
••
81^8
6&3
37-7
18^2
F.
3d., F.
*
CHESHIRE
C.B. Birkenhead
130,794
22,393
108
440
..
56^0
Livingstone Rd.
•■
14,948 =
46^7
•7
52^6
11-4
364
49^4
2 8
47^8
Cd., Sd.
6d.,3d.
Id.
si/,
6d.,3d.
si/,
fld., 3d.
Arg>-Ie St.
7,445
07-6
!•!
313
96
48-8
87-3
4.4
68-7
Gd.,3d.
3d.
Id.
si/,
6d.,3d.
si/,
6d.,3d.
Chester ' .
39,028
17,564
1-77
32 0
••
2-2
65^7
53-2
18^4
19^2
91
342
(kl.,2d.
6d.,2d.
ld.,F.
S6d.,
3d.
•t 6d.,
3d.
J
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
CHARGES
(May to September)
Cliil-
dreii
Turkish
Biitlis
Fe-
male
Wash-
House
Swiiniiiiii^
Bath
First
Hour
Subse
queilt
Moi
9d.
9d.
s6d.,
4d.
Fe-
male
70 24
15
90
90
37
64
41
83^
83-
72"
90
36'
Private
Baths
93
93
Fe-
male
24
93
|f October to April)
SwimiiiiDg-
Bath
70
Clo
15
I'losed
Clo
Clo
Clo
Fe-
male
24
sed'
sed
sed
sed
Closed*
73'
Clo
Clo
Private
Baths
78
70
sed'
sed'
93
93
Fe-
male
72
93
86
Wash
Hou^
Fe-
male
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Suui-
luer
10
1-STAb-
MMSr
Reop-
ened in
1912
1864
Recon-
structed
in 1893
1902
1912
1880
1909
1870
added
to 1914
1882
added t<
in 1004
' Figures for 1914-15.
= " Summer" and "winter"
not defined.
" Replaced old Baths.
The Reading Gas Coy. pro-
vides bathing accommo-
dation for its workmen.
* Includes 1800 school chil-
dren undifferentiatea.
' ' ' Summer " and ' ' winter "
not defined.
' Includes water.
' Club season tickets half-
price.
> Reduced fees to clubs.
No dressing accommoda-
tion provided.
* Excludes capital expendi
tare for new water sup-
ply, etc., £54.
' Subscription.
' For family of 4, 12s.
• " Summer " and " winter "
undefined.
t No record kept.
' Includes April.
* Figures, re finance for
1915.
' Includes October and April
* Bath closed in December,
January, and February.
' Includes 81,378 school chil-
dren and club members
undifferentiated.
* Includes 44,764 school
children and club mem-
bers undifferentiated.
* Includes ^alt-water mains,
£862.
' " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
» Includes 36, 614 schoolchil-
dren and club members
undifferentiated.
' " Simimcr " and *' winter '
not defined.
' Figures for 1915.
* Includes charges for Tur-
kish Baths.
'Excludes 1) hours per
niglit reserved for clubs.
* " Summer " aad " winter
not defined.
8
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATH8 AND WASH-HOUSES
NAJIE OH I'LACI-,
CHESHIRE.— 0)n«»«ai
C.B. Crewe.L.&N.W.R,
Coy. . P
Stockport '
St. Pctersgate
Reddish
M.B. Hyde'
Stalybridge
Wall3sey
U.D.C. .Allrincham
Hoylake and West
Kirby '
Nantwich '
Winsford , .
Port Sunlight P
CUMBERLAND
C B. Carlisle
M.B. Whitehaven
U.D.C. Wigton
1'OFin.A.
TloN
108,682
33,437
26,513
17,813
7,815
10,770
46,420
SWLMMINC
BAlHri
Slipper and Spkav bai hs
Nmiibcr
\TCA
B.alhers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
■eniales
.„,ly
Total
Length
Breadtli
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
U
12
13
14
U
£t.
fu
1
34
24
»
*
18,997
18
4
22
•
*
9,767
44
5
4
90
51
48
75
30
33
42
25
57,987
10,708
68,695
32
6
38
20,035
1,500
21,535
673
250
2
100
30
75
25
28,848
4,372
38,351
14
8
22
5,538
1,758
7,296
396
220
1
2
75
34
24
17
•
«
24,542
18"
6
24'
«
*
6,294
26
2
2
70
60
28
24
27,549
4,340
31,889
••
20
6,074
2,150
8,224
41
1
2
75
75
30
27
93.459
32,819
126,278
6
6
12
5,661
1,093
6,754
943
182
1
2
60
75
20
30
43,116
17,283
60,399
8
5
13
8,855
811
9,666
1107
162
2
100
100
129
40
*
*
19,031 '
*
•
•
*
*
«
1
48
24
•
•
9,238
..
6
•
•
1,121
18
7
1
60
20
11,186
2,159
13,345
• '
5
611
115
726
14
5
1
3
60
65
29
29
29
16
•
•
46,321
17
6
22
•
•
14,830
67
4
1
50
30
•
*
12,788
12
6
18
•
•
5,685
31
6
1
60
30
••
4
••
9
APPENDIX I
,
TURKISH OK
Russian
Baths
Total attendance
ATIENDANCK PF.R 1(KI0
OF Population
Wash-houses
Accoiii-
iiioda-
tioii for
Bathers
Swiiiiiiiii)^
Bath
Private
Baths
Total
iiictluliiig
Turkish
aiul
Russian
Accommoilation
washers
Washers
per btall
Male
Female
Total
Male
I'C'iiialc
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
26
27
2S
29
30
*
335
335
*
*
29,099
423
217
047
••
••
17 L
-TOO
44G
3212
SU,7SS
12,654
93,442
632
198
800
■•
U=R
•
«
«
34,386
*
6,130
*
45,647
30,836
1147
705
218
181
1365
886
•■
■•
10 T
1152
593
1745
34,775
99,120
51,971
«
*
11,797
7,083
33,912
18,094
*
«
2,274
41,858
133,032
70,065
*
10,359
14,071
1203
1609
3391
*
1182
1239
310
86
543
*
143
67
1579
1695
3933
*
1326
1306
••
■■
u
1999
452
2451
•
•
63,701 '
998
319
1372
4 T
196
80
276
«
•
18,749
671
299
985
20
+
■■
12,37J
619
Dati-
•
01--
HSTAl.
R KM ARK-
LISH
Ml-M
1866
' Met by Coy.
added to
' Excludes interest on capi-
in 1892
tal and sinking fund.
1858
' Figures for the 2 establish-
added to
ments not differentiated.
in 1886
1908
1889
* Figuresfor 1914-5
added to
* Only opened in October
in 1913
1914.
' Includesfamilylickets,£23.
Acquired
Education Committee pro-
1871
vide instruction.
added to
* Includes 2 sprays.
1909
' Expenditure since transfer
from trustees to corpora-
tion.
' Spray.
* Open one day a week.
1870
> Endou-raent.
^ Soap and cleaning not dif-
ferentiated from sundry
expenses.
» Gift.
• In classes.
^ " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
1908
' Includes water.
* 1 doz. tickets s cost price ;
special terms to clubs and
schools.
1901
' Includes washing-machine,
added to
£41.
1908
* Weighing- machine.
' Includes subscriptions.
£3000.
* In classes.
■^ " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
1913
' Private baths heated by
gas attached.
■■' Excludes 14 season-ticket
holders, number of ad-
missions unrecorded.
' Includes £260 undifferenti-
ated.
1883'
' Brine Haths.
» Leased by Council in HK»5.
1 1887
■ Includes £34 from brine
baths, at Is. 6d., Is., and
8d.
» *' Summer " and *' winter "
not defined. 1
1884
added to
1900
1883
acquired
and
idded to
1900-2.
No house built without
bath, and spray baths
provided at the works.
> Includes 99 persons using
vapour and salt baths
• Bov scouts and girl guides.
'"Summer" and "wnntcr"
not defined.
» Includes new boiler, £177.
' Inchides .\pril.
10
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHfc^ AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of plach
CHESHIRE.— coMimuai
C.B. Crewe.L.&N.W.R.
Coy. . P
Stockport '
St. Pcters;5ate
Reddish
M.B. Hyde>
Stalybridge
Wallasey
U.D.C. Altriocham
Hoylakc and West
Kirhy '
Nanlwich '
Winsford .
I'ort Sunlight P
CUMBERLAND
C B. CarUsle
M.B. Whitehaven
U.D.C. Wigton
Popin.A.
Tinx
44,960
33,437
78,504
17,813
7,815
10,770
46,420
10.044
.Swim
tiling
£
174
77
40
Private Spray
£
200
104
43
54'
97
Turkish
ami
Russian
£
19
200
57
Season
Tickets
iiot in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
45
Con-
tribu-
tions for
School
Cbildreii
WASH-i
HOUSE,
PAY. I
MENTS '
£
392
502 >
1334
120
94
804
26Q
Rent
FOR
MISCELLJWEOUS
I
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Total
n
12
13
14
16
£
£
42
£
£
72
£
72
42
••
7
10
17
••
16
16
21
■•
152'
173
62
64
126
•
•
*
•
••
7
7
14
14
1
20
21
Total
Receipts
11
APPENDIX I
EXPENDIinBE
1
DATl.
OI-
Hstah-
LIsH
Rkmakks
DEFICIT
MET
BY
ASSESS-
MENT
TOTAL
INCOME
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
BATH UPKEEP
MISCELLANEOUS
Total
EXPHNDI-
turh
Keiits
and
Loan
Charges
Kates,
Taxes,
insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Tolal
Salaries
and
Wages
Heating
and
Lishting
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
Total
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Other
Items
Total
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
23
29
30
31
32
-
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
*
£
£
£
£
£
£
128'
592
34
54
87
274
70
62
23
2
459
46
46
5U2'
1866
added to
in 1892
' Met by Coy.
' Excludes interest on capi-
tal and sinking fund.
1293
2627
514
288
102
905
857
415
164
139
72
1646
8
68
76
2627
1858
added to
in 1886
1908
' Figures for the 2 esUblish-
ments not differentiated.
1480
1998
562
274
30
866
430
378
201
27
78
1113
9
11
19
1998
1889
added to
in 1913
' Figures for 1914-5.
• Only opened in October
1914.
' Includesfamilytickets,£23.
499
804
142
49
46
237
239
164
106
13
33
555
6
7
13
804
Acquired
1871
added to
1909
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
' Includes 2 sprays.
* Expenditure since transfer
from trustees to corpora-
tion.
' Spray.
* Open one day a week.
384
973
97
70
167
272
273
197
S3
* 3
795
«
*
11'
973
1870
' Endowment.
- Soap and cleaning not dif-
ferentiated from sundry
expenses.
' Gift.
• In classes.
* " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
1819
3279
1200
55
301
1557
1096
452 '
*
72
' 47
1668
40
15
54
3279
UI08
' Includes water.
' 1 doz. tickets j cost price ;
special terms to clubs and
schools.
1 1112
1503
605
47
196'
849
304
278
637
18'
18
1503
1901
added to
1908
' Includes washing-machine,
£41.
' Weighing-machine.
' Includes subscriptions,
£3000.
' In classes.
■'' " Summer " and " winter"
not defined.
110
469
209
*
*
*
*
*
*
•
•
*
•
«
*
469'
1913
' Private baths heated by
gas attached.
' Excludes 14 season-ticket
holders, number of ad-
missions unrecorded.
' Include;. £260 undifferenti-
ated.
191
311
22
18
12
52
196
55
3
1
256
3
3
311
1S83 '
' Brine Baths.
' Leased by Council in 1905.
283
384
50
50
161
lU
52
10
333
• •
384
1887
' Includes £34 from brine
baths, at Is. 6d., Is., and
8d. 1
' " Summer " and " winter " ;
not defined. 1
No house built without
bath, and spray baths
provided at the works.
294
1112
195
83
118
395
431
216
__
34
680
21
14
35
1112
1884
added to
1909
> Includes 99 persons using
vapour and salt batljs
' Bov scouts and girl guides.
■' Summer" and "winter"
not defined.
825
1375
366
56
362 >
784
285
262
10
11
568
14
9
23
i:i7:>
1883
acquired
and
d.Ied to
ll«10-2.
Includes new boiler, £177.
Includes April.
12
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of I'i.ai:i-:
CHESHIRE.— «m«»Bai
C.B. Crewe, L.&N.W.R
Coy, . P
Stockport '
St. Petersgate
Reddish '
M.U. Hyde'
Macclesfield
Stalybridge
Wallasey
U.D.C. Altriocbam
Hoylakc attd West
Kirhy '
Nantwich '
Winsford ,
Port Sunlight P
CUMBERLAND
CB. Carlisle
M.B. Whitehaven
U.D.C. Wigton
I'OPULA.
TION
44,900
33,437
78,504
17,813
14,029
7,813
10,770
46,420
Capital
Cost
Ratb
AID
IN
Terms
OF 1(1.
Percentages
SCALE OF
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
to
Expcndi-
Swimming Balh
Private
Bath
Fees
Wash-
House
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscell-
aneous
Male
Female
Chil-
dren
Male
Female
Salaries,
etc.
Olhcr
Items
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
le
IG
£
1
3,400
66-2
12-2
21^6
14-7
463
31-2
7^8
78-4
2d.
2d.
2d., Id.
6d., 4d.
6d.,4d
7,397
•7
49^2
1^6
49-2
34-4
32^6
300
29
50^8
3d.,
ffd^'
3d.,
3d., F.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.
16,482
2-8
251
■8
74^1
434
21-5
34-2
1^0
260
6d.,2d.,
Id.
6d.,2d.,
Id.
Id., F.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
2,830 =
1-25
359
20
621
29^5
29-7
393
1^6
379
3d.,
[2d.]
3d.,
[2d.]
Id.
si/'
6d.,4d.,
3d.
i6d.,
Sd.
10,000 »
estimjit«il
■84
42-8
17-8
39-5
17-2
28^0
536
1-1
60-6
6d.,3d.,
[Id.]
6d.,3d.,
[Id.]
}d.«
s6d.,
3d.
s 6d.,
3d.
20,883
1-0
407
38
55-5
47-5
334
17-4
1-6
446
(15,0,
6d.,3d.>
(12/6),
6d.,3d.»
Id., Jd.
si/.
6d., 3d.
sll,
6d.,3d.
11,947 »
2-75
26-0
740
56-5
20^2
22^2
12
260
id., 2d.
4d., 2d.
ld.,}d.«
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
3,473
■25
*
*
765
*
*
*
*
23^5
4d.
4d.
Id.
s6d.
s6d.
3,000
20
38-6
61-4
16-7
63-0
19-3
1-0
38-6
4d.
4d.
2d., Id.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
1 Gift
1^3
24-4
1-8
737
130
41-9
44-8
263
3d., 2d.,
Id., F.
3d., 2d.,
Id., F.
F.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
9,750
exclud-
ing site
■33
723
1-3
264
35-6
38-8
22-4
31
73-6
6d.,2d.
6d.,2d.
Id.'F.
s6d.,
3d.
$6d.,
3d.
14,650
325
19-6
18-8 1^5
60-0
67^0
20-7
206
1^7
400
4d.,3d.
4d., 3d.
2d., Id.
s6d.,
4d..2d.
s6d.,
4d.,2d.
13
APPENDIX I
A\'KRAGE Hours pkr wbrk
STAFI--
IMay toSepteiiil)er)
(October to April)
l>ATI-
OF
KSTAH-
LISH
Ml- NT
Khmarks
BAths
Turkish
Battis
Wash-
House
Swimming
riath
Private
Baths
Wash
Hons<
Swimming
liath
Private
Baths
Wash
House
Whole Time
Part Time
or Juniors
Tota
Sum-
mer
Tota
in
Win-
ter
1
Chil-
dren
M.llc
Fe-
male
First
Hour
Per
Siiiise-
quent
Hour
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
IT
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
87
26
27
28
2>
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
1861)
added to
in 1892
••
2/6,
1/6,
9d.
2/6,
1/6,
9d.
84
'"
89
■•
Clc
ised
89
87
2
2
2
6
•
' Met by Coy.
' Excludes interest on capi-
tal and sinking fund.
s4d.
1/6,1/
1/6,1/
■•
91
91
91
91
73
73
71
71
••
9
8
17
17
1858
added to
in 1881!
1908
' Figures for the 2 establish-
ments not differentiated.
1/
1/
••
91
91 91
91
64
64
64
64
4
2
1
1
8
6
1889
added to
in 1913
' Figures for 1914-5.
' Only opened in October
1914.
' Includesfamily tickets,£23.
84
84
84
84
* «
*4
•
•
3
3
6
5
Acquired
1871
added to
1909
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
' Includes 2 sprays.
' Expenditure since transfer
from trustees to corpora-
tion.
' Spray. i
* Open one day a week.
l/,9d.
l/,9d.
66 5
13-
66'
13'
60'
12'
56'
11'
3
3
6
6
1870
' Endowment.
- Soap and cleaning not dif-
ferentiated from sundry
expenses.
• Gift.
* In classes.
' " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
1
1
••
83
27
93
93
46
23
72
72
5
7
1
1
14
10
1908
' Includes water.
' L doz. tickets | cost price ;
special terms to clubs and
schools.
s Id.
92'
89 »
89 »
89'
72 '
72'
72'
72'
3
2
■■
5
5
1901
added to
1908
' Includes washing-machine,
£41.
' Weighing-machine.
' Includes subscriptions,
SISOOO.
* In classes.
'^ " Summer " and '* winter "
not defined.
•■
78
78
78
78
Clo
sed
•
•
2
2
..
4
•
1913
' Private baths heated by
gas attached.
' Excludes U season-ticket
holders, number of ad-
missions unrecorded.
' Includes S.260 undifiorenti-|
ated.
sld.
48
19
69
69
48
19
69
69
2
1
3
3
1883'
1 Brine Baths.
' Leased by Council in 1905.
67'
13'
78'
78 »
Clo
sed'
54"
r,4'
2
1
1
1
5
3
1887
' Includes £34 from brine
baths, at Is. 6d., Is., and
8d.
' " Summer " and " winter " [
not defined.
••
••
••
-
••
••
^^
No house built without |
bath, and spray baths'
providcii at the works. .
21.11
v.v
••
92 >
1
92.'
92'
92"
••
74 •
74"
74"
74"
3
4
••
7
•
1884
tdded to
1909
' Includes 99 persons using
vapour and salt baths
' Boy scouts and girl guides.
' " Summer" and "winter"
not defined. ,
2/6.
2/
2/6,
2/
2d.,
IJd.
2d.,
IJd.
66«
18"
84
84
45
Clo
,ed
69
69
45
3
4
•
7
•
1883
acquired
Includes new boiler, £177.
Includes .April.
■
■
■ *
i
dded to
1900-2.
c
14
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Namk or PLACE
SWIMMING BAI'HS
DERBYSHIRE
C.B Derbv
Corporation
Baths .
Reginald Street
Markealon Free
Baths .
Bass Free Bathf
Females
only
Total Length
62,000
M.B. Chesterfield
Corporation
Baths .
Central Coun
ciL School .
Glossop
37,400
U.D.C. Belper
Heanor *
DEVONSHIRE
C.B. Exeter
Tepid Bath
Baths and Wash
houses .
Headweir River
Hath
Plymouth .
Hoegate St.
Sea Baihifif;
11,040
19,8.51
48,064
112,030
100
100
80
32
30
50
50
30
20
45,529
31 ,472
15,000
152,417
55,808
SLIPPER AND SPKAV BATHS
M.-ile I Fciiiale ToWl
61
34
19
10
75
28
30
20,814
10,917
10,137 41,609 27
15,000
40,000
5,513
60
100
60
120
34
40
40
13,200
16,947
13,787
85,000
65,000
approx.
20,000
approx.
10
16
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
11
49,754
24,221
12
10,134
4,810
12
12
22
4
22
Total I Male
13 14
59,888 816
29,031 712
30,857 946
533
481
592
105 « 31
7,184
2,806
7,222
approx.
7.222'
approx.
15
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Accom-
moda-
tion for
10 T
10 T 1693
1693
287
373
373
40
2066
2066
327
Total Attend-\nce
58,698
15,000
20,814
15,089
22
214,371
84,839
15,834 74,632
15,000
40,000
5,513
26,327
13,381 2777 ' 16,395
92.184
approx.
67,806
approx.
4,378
20,000
approx.
7,222
approx.
ATrKNUANCli PKR 1000
OF POPULATION
Swimming Private
Bath Baths
1235 485
609 143
1456
Total
including
Tiirlcish
and
Russian
1737
756
Wash-houses
Accommodation
Mangling
Ironing
24,630
^24,630
: 4,850
approx.
4,850
approx.
Washers
per
Stall
1296
1296
HSTAH-
I-ISH-
^t I- \ I
1895
I'.tlO
iw.i
1H93
\<:(iuircd
lu 1894
' Education Comimttee pays
half, and for instruction.
= 1(1. for spray baths.
^ " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
^ Roller skating.
- Includes bands and skates,
£62.
^ Education Committee pays
half.
* April 1 to October 15.
Excludes towel, Id.
Excludes towel, Id.
' Open to the public 34 hours
a week ; reserved for chil-
dren during school hours.
Surplus for the yeai excep-
tionally large.
' Includes 1 spray.
• Includes 237 uses of spray,
undifferentiated.
^ For winter season.
*" Summer " and "winter"
not defined.
t No record kept.
> Converted out of old water-
works.
' Includes useof slipper bath.
' In classes.
• Includes April.
According to time.
Includes laundry requisites.
£77.
t Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
» Includes 1 mikra bath.
■ Includes 261 users of niikra
baths.
' Includes aonuities, £10.
' In addition to 8 open sea-
bathing places.
t N(t record kept ; women
estimated at 40,000.
- Includes hire of towels and
costumes.
> Includes £178 undifferenti-
ated.
• .Vttcudants in charge, and
swimming instructors pro-
vided at ladies' bathing
place.
16
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
\AMK OF PLACE
Bath Fees
DERBYSHIRE
C.B Derby
Swim,
ming
Corporation
Baths .
Reginald Street
Marheaton Free
Baths .
Bass Free Dath^
M.B. Chesterfield
Corporation
Baths .
Central Coun-
cil School .
Glossop
IT.D.C. Belper
Heatwr *
DEVONSHIRE
C.B. Exeter
Tepid Bath
Baths and Wash
houses .
Headweir River
Bath
Plymouth .
Hoegale St.
Sea Bathing
450
62.000 445
Spray
37.40G
21.680
1 1 .r.4(
Turkish
and
Russian
402 I .. 152
128
112,0:i<
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
WASH-
HOUSE
PAY-
MENTS
105
Rhnt
FOR
PREMISES
365
55
3
180
477
11
£
MISCELLANEOUS
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
311 » 10
19
Other
Items
80'
18
Total
Receipts
25
17
APPENDIX I
EXFENDirnBE
JEFICn
MET BY
ASSHSS-
TOTAL
NcnMF
CHARCRS FOR PREMISES
BATH UPKEEP
MISCELLANEOUS
TcriAL
H.XPENDl-
TURE
Mf-NT
!)A1 K
1-STAB-
l-ISH-
REMARKS
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
Rates.
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Tolal
Salaries
and
Wages
Heating
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
and
Cos.
tumes
'a°n'J'
Clean-
ing
Total
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Other
Itenis
Total
17
18
19
20
21
22
£
23
£
24
£
26_
£
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
2095
4285
4285
251
1082
64
52
116
611
156
146
38
951
15
15
1082
1S.5S
' Education Committee pays
half, and for inslniction.
^ Id. for spray baths.
' "Summer"and "winter"
not defined.
1549
2890
1222
149
36
1407
790
335
186
1
34
1346
19
125 »
144
2890
1 «04
^ Roller skating.
• Includes bands and skates,
£62.
^ Education Committee pays
half.
* .April 1 to October 15.
91
93
24
3
27
32
7
38
•
28
93
1895
' Excludes towel. Id.
204
214
11
11
60
144
204
214
1S06
* Excludes towel. Id.
«
*
*
.
•
«
«
*
*
*
•
*
*
«
«
*
*
*
•
203
20
1
21
47
22
46
3
118
6
10
150
Iflill
' Open to the public 34 hours
a week ; reserved for chil-
dren during school hours.
Surplus for the year excep-
tionally large.
222
450
15
35
SO
206
149
14
27
397
3
3
450
1S,ST
' Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes 237 uses of spray,
undifferentiated.
^ For winter season.
' " Summer" and " winter"
not defined.
167
311
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
•
«
*
*
•
•
311
191U
t No record kept.
148
21
17
38
53
45
3
7
109
• *
147
1909
> Converted out of old water-
works.
= Includes use of slipper bath.
^ In classes.
' Includes April.
930
1709
••
••
••
••
••
••
1709
383
775
171
58
133
357
270
144
••
414
4
4
775
1893
' .According to time.
435
822
2
22
245
268
218
262
■■
••
67
547
6
• •
6
822
Acquire!
in 1894
' Includes laundry requisites,
£77.
110
112
G
39
45
60
■•
..
..
■•
66
••
112
ISOO
29
882
■•
••
•■
■•
••
••
•■
882
t Education Commiltec pro-
vide instruction.
••
372
20
25
45
93
133
2
••
9
238
1
14 >
14
297
IS.W
> Includes 1 niikia bath.
> Includes 261 users of mikra
baths.
^ Includes annuities, £10.
103
584
120
«
*
275
5
«
•
•
.'•.84 »
> In addition to 8 opco sea-
bathing places.
+ No record kept ; women
• climated at 40,000.
- Includes hire of towels and
(oslumes.
' Includes £178 undifferenti-
ated.
• .Attendants in charge, and
swimming instructors pro-
vided at ladies' bathing
place. I
18
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Namk of PLACF-
POPtJLA.
rioN
DERBYSHIRE
C.B Derby
Capital
COS!
123,410
Corporation
Baths .
Reginald Street
Mathtaton Fret
Baths .
Bass Free Bath^
M.B. Chesterfield
Corporation
Baths .
Central Coun-
cil School .
Glossop
U.D.C. Belpcr
Heanor '
DEVONSHIRE
C.B. Exeter
Rate
AID
IN
TERMS
OF Id.
IN£
1 4,400 -12
(12,000 28,000
Gift
37,400
PERCFNIAGES
Bath
Fees
72-1
71 35-4
•04
■09
1 1 y.M Qj(,
Ul.s.")!
Tepid Bath
Baths and Wash
houses .
Headweir River
Bath
Plymouth .
Hoeeate St.
Sea liaihinti
3,100
•68
Wash
House
Other
Items
4-7
96-1
112,031 10135
•■ I 4,000
8,135
•68
•3
■3
■08
•01
■Wi
S-9
Rate
Aid
489
23-2
Expenditure
Charge
for
Premises
10^7
97-8
95-3
6^7
2^7
48^4
81^7
30-7
128
3-2
43-3
49-3
29^0
5-1
14^0
Upkeep
8^1
54^4
49^7
52^9
98-2
3-3
17^6
34-4
280
Other
Items
7-5
67^3
14
50
SO^l
nxpendi-
11
51^1
76^7
scale of
Swimming Bath
4d., 2d,
46^5 6d., 4d.
[3d.]
22
4^7
45^8
32^6
402
42^4
38^1
6-7
34^8
26^5
68^9
31-3
47-1
43^S
50^7
46-6
100-1
4&-E
50-;
47^0
2-7
967
47 1253
F.'
F.'
2d., Id.
6d.,4d,
3d
4d.,2d
3d.,"
[2d.]'
(15/6),
4d., 3d.
2d.'
6d.,4d,
Chil-
dren
2d., Id.' s4d
|2d.,ld.«
s6d.,
2d.
F.'
F.' F."
2d., Id.
6d.,4d.
3d,
4d.,2d,
3d.,'
t2d.]"
(15/6),
4d.,3d,
Id.
AH, 3/):
3d., 2d.,
F.
6d..4d.,
2d., Id
Id., id.
2d,F.
Id. s6d.,
4d.'
s4d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
ld.»
(10/6),
3ii.,2d,
Id.
5 6d.
s6d.
3d., 2d.
sl/,6d.,
4d.,2d,
s6d.,
4d.'
s6d.
s6d.,
Sd., 2d.
s l/,Od.,
4d.,2d.
3d., 2d.,
Id., F,
19
APPENDIX
I
AVERAGE Hours per Week
STAFF
(M.ny to September)
(October to April)
[iaths
Turkish
liallis
Wash.
House
Suimiuiug
Batli
Private
Baths
Wash-
-louse
2E
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Wasli-
riouse
31
Whole Time
P.irt Time
or Juniors
Total
iu
Suin-
_36
12
17
1
3
*
*
«
4
4
1
2
4
Total
in
Win-
ter
37
*
10
♦
*
3
*
*
4
4
•2
4
I)A 1 1
Cliil-
(Ireii
17
Male
18
2/,l/6
1/
1/
Fe-
male
19
First
Hour
20
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
21
..
2d.
Id.
Male
22
Fe-
m.ile
23
81'
15 «
15
*
•
7'
•
11'
33
4
86
Male
24
81 •
81
67 «
*
•
66
74
Fe-
male
26
Male
27
Fe-
male
28
66'
k
sed
sed
sed
«
sed'
•
sed
33
sed
Open
Male
29
Fe-
male
30
Male
32
5
8
1
1
*
«
2
1
♦
3
2
1
Fe-
male
33
Male
34
Fe-
male
3S
hSIAH
LISM-
Mi-:N-l
•
2/.1/6
1/
Id.
Id.
81»
75*
81
77
*
* 1
69'
«
7l«
62
39
90
81 >
81
67'
•
•
66
74
66
50
66 »
Ein
Clo
Clo
do
*
Clo
*
Clo
58
Qo
Open
66 »
72
«
65'
*
•
66
74
66 »
72
05'
«
*
66
74
60
50
7
7
*
•
2
1
*
1
2
1
1
*
1
«
1
1
2
*
*
UI04
181)S
IHOC,
imii
iss:
1910
19U0
ISUo
.\cquirt
in 189
1806
1853
' Education Committee pays
half, and for instruction.
' Id. for spray baths.
^ " Summer " and "winter "
not defined.
' Roller skating.
- Includes bands and skates,
£62.
™ Education Committee pays
half.
' April 1 to October lu.
" Excludes towel, Id.
' Excludes towel, Id.
^ Open to the public 34 hours
a week ; reserved for chil-
dren during school hours.
Surplus for the year excep-
tionally large.
' Includes 1 spray.
- Includes 237 uses of spray.
undifferentiated.
^ For winter season.
* " Summer" and "winter"
not defined.
t No record kept.
» Converted out of old water-
works.
= Includes use of slipper bath.
' In classes.
* Includes April.
' According to time.
Includes laundry requisites,
£77.
t Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
> Includes 1 mikra bath.
* Includes 261 users of inikra
baths.
' Includes ammities, £10.
' In addition to 8 open sea-
bathing places.
t No record kept ; women
estimated at 40,000.
* Includes hire of towels and
costumes.
» Includes £178 undiflcrcnti-
atcd.
■ Attendants in charge, and I
swimming instructor pro- 1
vided at ladies' bathing
plarc.
20
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAMF. or PLACIl
DEVONSHIRE.— con/tnii.'./
M.B. Tiverton
Torquay S.
U.D.C. Tamstock ' .
DORSETSHIRE
M.B. Shaftesbury '
POPI'LA-
TION-
DURHAM
C.B. Durham '
Gateshead ,
South Shields
Publir Balhs .
Victoria Sea-
Water Baths' P
Sunderland '
High St. .
10.205
3.S,-71
4,o02
SwiM.MiNO Baths
Female*
only
110,017
Hendon Rd. .
Hallgalth Square
West Hartlepool'
Length
03,923
ft.
50
90
1 81 30
ft.
43
M.-iIe Feni.nle
1,188
100
100
SLIPPER AND SPRAY BaTHS
1,767 29,382
30
11.206
02.810
«2,81(!
20
12
B.-\thers per
B.-ith or Spr.iy
Tnt.il Male Female
3 23
20
10
2!1' 17.(108
50
27'
19
10
1121
18.789
38,017
14.484
14,859
8,674
78
86
21
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Accom-
moda-
tion for
Total Attendance
Male I Female 1
16
227
76,089
12,343
5,55-1
40,595
Attendance pek 1000
OF Population
Swimming Private
Bath i Baths
489
88,432 639
89
100,922
77,300
14,859
8,674
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
96
173
252
544
814
WASH-HOUSES
Accommodation
40
M angling
S3
Ironing
17,043
71,643
15,471
38,743
17,429
Estab-
lish-
ment
1880
1916
1883
cquired
in 1916
387
329
ffded to
1890
trca
1865
Ided to
1906
irca
1850
1914
' Includes 2954 admissions by
season ticket, and 158 free
bathers undifferentiated.
' Includes insurance.
■ Alteration from old prison
buildings.
* " Summer " and " winter '
not defined.
» Figures re finance for
1914-15.
• From middle of May to
middle of September.
» Let by the Duke of West-
minster for 1/ per axmom.
• June to September only.
» Figures 1912-13.
» Includes £38 undifferenti-
ated ; rents and loan
charges not stated.
" Exclusive of rents and loan
charges.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for school
children.
* For 25 tickets.
' With spray.
^ Old baths and wash-houses
established about 60 years
ago now closed.
' Includes 9 sprays.
' 1 Russian and 2 vapour.
» Includes £78 for new Rus-
sian baths, excluded in ex-
penditure.
* Towels not provided.
' Spray bath.
* Taken over by Admiralty.
* There is also sea-bathing at
Roker.
^ Includes 1 spray,
* Reot of shops in building.
' Includes fees for galas.
* Includes towels.
' Swimming prizes.
* "Summer and **
not defined.
' Excludes 2 men cleaners
twice a week.
* winter'
> Includes 1 spray.
' Includes Jewesses' bath.
* Rents, etc,
* lodudes towels.
' Excludes 2 women cleaners
twice a week.
* Includes towels.
■ Includes furniture fittings
and opening expenses.
■ Excludes use of towel.
' 8 hours per week reserved
for school children.
* Bath only open part of
season.
D
22
A
B
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
INCOME
Bath Fees
Wash-
house
Pay-
ments
Rent
FOR
Premises
Miscellaneous
Total
Receipts
NAMH ok I'LACK
POPULA
TION
•
Swim-
ming
Private
spray
Tuikiili
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Batli
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc
Swim-
niing
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Tol.-il
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
other
Items
Total
10,205
1 •
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
U
11
13
14
15
£
16
DEVONSHIRE.— conhnae,;
M.B. Tiverton
£
25
£
7
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
32
Torquay S.
3S.771
U.D.C, Tavistock ' .
4,392
24
■•
••
••
••
24
•■
••
1
■•
1
24'
DORSETSHIRE
M.B. Shaftesbury''
1,873
15
.;
,,
..
15
J ,
..
..
..
15
DURHAM
C.B. Durham ' .
17,.'i.iO
*
•
■■
«
«
*
197
205
••
•
•
•
•
402
Gateslie;ul .
110.017
212
187
6
•■
2
406
"
17
24
40
440
South Shields .
Public Baths .
108.(547
577
357
38
11
••
10
994
410
••
3
29
32
1436
Victoria Sea-
Walcr Baths 'P
1
Sunderland '
1.11,150
••
.. i ..
••
^^
..
• ■
2,267
High St. .
487 »
224
•
••
710
205
64"
••
••
••
••
1079
Hcnilon Rd. .
160
•
160
658
••
••
••
37'
37
856
Hallgalth Square
85
3
88
243
332
West Hartlepool •
63,923
289
••
••
•■
••
289
••
••
S7
••
37
325
23
APPENDIX I
EXPEKBITDRE
JEFICIl
MET BV
\SSESS-
Total
NCOMK
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Bath Upkeep
Miscellaneous
TOTAL
EXPENDI-
TURE
MENT
1
Rents
and
Loan
Cliargcs
Kates.
Taxes.
Insur-
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Total
Salaries
and
Wages
Heating
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
tuiues
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
Tot.al
Printing
and
Station.
ery
Other
Items
Total
17
IS
19
20
21
22
23
21
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
£
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
^
£
£
13
1
45
9
3
11
21
8'
29
2
2
4
45
16'
40'
15
5
1
5
1
30
■•
IS
2
32
13
2
2
40'
14
281 »
083
*
8
57
*
182
276
121
«
«
«
*
*
*
683'
215
001
175
39
47
261
213
80
70
7
16
386
11
4
14
661
1743
3179
1366
199
173
1737
669
488
107
18
106
1389
41
12
53
3170
1881
4158
••
••
••
••
4158
357
1437
350
148
243
041
194
354
172
•
50*
770
5
20 >
25
1437
1184
2040
842
193
213
1248
205
423
144
*
16 '
788
4
4
2040
34U
081
60
132
192
160
236
73
•
12'
487
2
2
681
71
j 3U0
1
39
41
80
123
39
3
56
12
232
*
*
84'
3'JO
■ 1
DATE
OF
ESTAB.
ItEMAKKS
LISI!-
MI-NT
188,0
^ Includes 2954 admissions by
season ticket, and 158 free
bathers undifierentiated.
' Includes insurance.
• Alteration from old prison
buildings.
•"Summer "and "winter'
not defined.
1916
.„
1883
* Figures re finance for
acquired
1914-16.
in 1916
' From middle of May to
middle of September.
«
» Let by the Duke of West-
minster for 1/ per annum.
* June to September only.
•
» Figures 1912-13.
> Includes £38 undifferenti-
ated ; rents and loan
charges not stated.
• Exclusive of rents and loan
charges.
1891 »
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for scncol
children.
» For 25 tickets.
2 With spray.
' Old baths and wash-houses
established about 60 years
ago now closed.
1907
' Includes 9 sprays.
» 1 Russian and 2 vapour.
* Includes £78 for new Rus-
sian baths, excluded in ex-
penditure.
* Towels not provided.
' Spray bath.
' Taken over by Admiralty.
•■ There is also sea-bathing at
Roker.
1858
» Includes 1 spray.
idded to
' Rent of shops in building.
1890
• Includes fees for galas.
• Includes towels.
* Swimming prizes.
' " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
' Excludes 2 men cleaners
twice a week.
circa
' Includes 1 spray.
1805
' Includes Jewesses' bath.
iddetl to
' Rents, etc.
1900
• Includes towels.
* Excludes 2 women cleaners
twice a week.
circa
> Includes towels.
1850
1914
' Includes fumilure fittings
and opening expenses.
' Excludes use of towel.
' 8 hours per week reserved
for school cliildrcn.
• Uaih only open part of
season.
24
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAME OF I'LACK
DEVONSHIRE.— condniif.i
M.B. Tiverton .
Torquay S.
U.D.C. Tavistock ' ,
DORSETSHIRE
M.B. Shaftesbury '
Popri,A
TION
CAPl'lAI-
COST
10,206
38,771
4,302
1,87S
DURHAM
C.B. Durham ' .
n.-'iSC
Gateshead .
llO.fli;
South Shiehls
Pubhr [ia\h< .
108,047
Victoria Sea-
Water Baths 'P
Sunderland '
i.M.ir.'.i
High St. .
Hcndon R.l. .
Hallgallh Square
West Hartlfp""!'
03,923
£
300'
15,000
approx
20,526
Rate
AID
IN
TERMS
Ol- Id.
IN £
•OS
Percentages
Bath
Fees
Wash-
House
Other
Items
60-0
31-3
27,275
8,148
15,077
3,460
Gift
•74
approx.
•12
approx.
Rate
Aid
Expenditure
Charge
for
Premises
28^9 244
1-0
7^8
S2-3
73-0
9-3
54^8
125
Upkeep
750
32-2
Other
Items
17^8'
50
92<9
51-2
17-9
28-2
20^2
21^0
244
31^1
MisceU-
aneous
60
Hxpeudi.
ture
60^0
107-1
471
27-6
1-7
■S
21-2
67-5
Swimming Bath
Male 1-euiaIe
Id.
6d.,4d.
(5/). 2d
F.
(4/)6d.
(5/)'
4d., 3d.
2d., Id.
4d.,3d.,
2d.
75-1
6d.,3d.,
2d.
42-0
48-8
82'1
Id.
ed.,4d.
(5/) 2d.
(4/)6d.
Chil-
dren
(3/) Id.
F.
s3d.
sz/,i/a,
l/,6d.
s3d.
s2/,l/6
l/,6d.
(5/)'
4d.
4d., 3d.
2d.
6d., 3d.,
2d.
5d.,4d.
8d.
6d.,4d.
3d.
Id.
Id. '
Id.
2d.lid
ld.>
s6d.,'
4d.
6d., 4d.,
3d.,' 2d,
s5d.,'
4d.
si/
6d., 2d
s6d
3d., 2d.
s6d.,
8d., 2d.
si/,
6d,, 2d,
s6d,,
3d., 2d,
s.6d.
3d.,2d.,
25
APPENDIX I
CHARCF.S
AVERAGE Hours per Week
STAFF
(May to September)
(October to April)
DAii-:
OF
ESTAli-
I.ISH-
ME.N r
REMARKS
B:iths
Turkisli
Baths
Wash-
House
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash-
House
Swimming
Bath
■ Private
Baths
Wash.
House
Whole Time
Part Time
orjuiiiors
Total
in
Sum-
mer
Total
in
Win.
ter
Chil-
dren
Mate
Fe.
male
First
Hour
Per
Subse.
quent
Hour
Male
Fe.
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe.
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
21!
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
••
16 «
18*
72
72
Clo
sed*
72
72
1
1
2
2
1880
' Includes2954 admissions by
season ticket, and 158 free
bathers undifferentiated.
" Includes insurance.
• Alteration from old prison
buildings.
• " Summer " and " winter '
not defined.
••
•■
87
87
69
69
87
87
69
69
5
6
11
11
1916
•-
•■
••
39*
17"
••
Clo
sed
1
••
••
1
1883
acqtiired
in 1916
* Figures re finance for
1914-15.
' From middle of May to
middle of September.
••
■
75'
6'
••
••
Clo
sed
••
••
•
» Let by the Duke of West-
minster for 1/ per annum.
• June to September only.
<■
*
•
*
•
•
«
* *
*
•
«
•
•
•
•
«
•
•
*
> Figures 1912-13.
' Includes £38 undiflerenti-
ated ; rents and loan
charges not stated.
• Exclusive of rents and loan
charges.
s4d.
79
3
82
«
*
•
•
•
2
3
2
7
*
1891"
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for school
children.
' For 25 tickets.
' With spray.
^ Old baths and wash-houses
established about 60 years
ago now closed.
1/
1/
lid-
l}d.
73
12
85
85
54
57
12
85
85
54
6
5
10
9
1907
' Includes 9 sprays.
' 1 Russian and 2 vapour.
* Includes £78 for new Rus-
sian baths, excluded in ex-
penditure.
* Towels not provided.
» Spray bath.
' Taken over by Admiralty.
^ There is also sea-bathing at
Roker.
Id.
Id.
Id.
73 •
11'
84
84
54
ao
sed'
*
•
54
2
1
2
5'
•
1858
added to
1890
' Includes 1 spray.
' Rent of shops in building.
' Includes fees for galas.
• Includes towels.
' Swimming prizes.
•"Summer' and "winter"
not defined.
' Excludes 2 men cleaners
twice a week.
s6d.,
Sd.,2d.
Id.
Id.
68
68
68
68
68
58
2
1
2
5»
6
circa
1805
added to
1906
* Includes 1 spray.
■ Includes Jewesses' bath.
' Rents, etc.
* Includes towels.
» Excludes 2 women cleaners
twice a week.
s6d.,
3d., 2d.
:•
Id.
Id.
43 •
20 »
G8
68
S8
Clo
sed
68
68
58
2
2
2
1
3
4
3
circa
1850
1914
' Includes towels.
> Includes furniture fittings
and opening expenses.
■ Excludes use of towel.
' 8 hours per week reserved
for school ctiildreo,
' Bath only open part of
season.
26
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Swimming
Baths
Slipper and
SPRAY Baths
Name of Place
POPULA-
TION
Number
Area
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadtli
Male
Female
Tot.nl
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
<
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
DVKHAM.—conlimicii
M.B. Darlington
55,631
1
ft.
100
ft.
48
*
*
52,308'
••
••
11
*
*
7,642
68
5
Stockton-on-Tces
52,154
1
75
27
44,254
10,463
54,817
43
4
47
12,681
119
12,700
293
30
ESSEX
C.B. Southend-on-Sea '
02,713
1
«
•
89,795
16
16
32
♦
*
31,411
98
2
Sea-water Swim-
ming Bath .
1
300
70
*
•
89.796
••
••
••
•■
Pier Head Salt-
water Baths'
••
16
16
32
*
*
31,411
98
2
West Ham S. .
289,030
3
167,760
49,563
217,323
94
98,089
16,184
114,273
121
6
Plaistow Baths
2
100
60
27
27
103,383
25,233
128,616
47
10
57
65,587
13,904
79,491
1395
1390
Jupp Road
Baths
••
1
120
25
64,377
24,330
88,707
••
25
24,340
1,686
26,026
104
1
Fen St. Baths
..
..
..
..
12
8,162
694
8,756
1i
0
M.B. Chelmsford S. .
Corporation
Baths
18,008
1
150
100
*
»
«
••
••
••
Bathsfor Troops
and Munition
Workers
9
^ ^ 1
^ ^ 1
^ ^ 1
Colchester .
43,452
1
240
42
•
*
•
•■
••
East Ham
133,487
2
•
•
163,677
8
7,485
302
7,787
- 97
3
Covered Swim-
ming Bath .
••
1
120
40
62,653
15,025
67,678
8
7,485
302
7,787
97
3
Opeii-A ir Bath
..
1
190
30
•
•
85,999
..
..
Saffron Waldcn .
0,311
1
80
25
3,558
1,248
4,806
5
1,119
365
1,484
29
7
U.D.C. Barking Town .
31,294
1
90
30
21,540
4,698
26,238
9
7
16
8,660
C6S
9,313
962
93
•
27
APPENDIX I
IINKISH AND RUSSIAN BATFtS
Accom-
iiioda-
lion for
108
■21 I 1072
I
24 1072
308
1157
108
1380
1380
Total AitendaN'Ce
57,043
265,849
168,970
88,717
8,162
10,582
65,747
39,137
26,016
61,210
4,677
13,635
1,013
61,107
121,206
89,795
331,596
208,107
8,756
162,844
76,845
85,999
6,290
30,200 5,351 ' 35,551
Attendance per looo
OF POl'lI-ATION
Swiiiiniiii^
Bath
1051
Private
Bnths
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
137
395
83S 298
K"
1297
1220
702 235 997
1130
Wash-houses
Accommodation
28
Ironing
\0,313
D ATI-
Washers <>'•
per EsTAIi-
Slali Lisn-
1870
since
added to
' 185G
renewed
1S92
1915
1889
acquired
1905
1914
18S3
1912
1902
1910
1895
1 Excludes 4:j season ticket-
holders, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
= Includes £154 for healing,
lighting and cleaning, not
differentiated.
^ Includes April.
Education Committee pays
fees for school -children, and
provides instruction.
^ includes alterations.
- Seasons not defined.
Figures for 1915.
Includes October ; mixed
bathing.
» Profits are placed lo the
credit of the undertaking.
2 Includesincomc from cloak-
rooms.
' Includes £182, undifferenti-
ated.
* For 1 dozen 1/ tickets.
* Medicated.
Includes income from soap.
Includes income from soap.
> Includes cost of new filter,
£127.
- 56 in August ; Bath re-
served for school-children
4 hours per week during
terra.
2500 per week during
winter 1914-5.
Capital cost defrayed out of
rate.
> Includes fees for vapour
baths.
' Includes ironmongery.
' Includes new fittings. £12.
> Includes ironmongery.
> Includes cost of water, heat-
ing and lighting, and sun-
dries, not differentiated,
* '• Summer" and "winter"
not defined.
> Includes loan charge, £27,
maintenance, £41.
> Club charges, 8/9 to 20/ per
IDO UckcLi.
' Season not defined.
28
REP( B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAME OF Place
DVRKAU.— continued
M.B. Darlington
Stockton-on-Tees
POPULA-
HON
Bath Fees
Swim-
ming
ESSEX
C.B.
M.B.
Southend-on-Sea^
Sea-water Swim-
ming Bath .
Pier Head Salt-
WaterBaths'
West Ham S.
Plaistow Baths
Jupp Road
Baths
Fen St. Baths
Chelmsford S. .
Corporation
Baths
BathsforTroops
and Munition
Workers
Colchester
Covered Swim-
[ning Bath .
Open- A ir Bath
Saffron Waldcn .
U.D.C. Barking Town ,
62,713
289,030
18,00^
133,48':
6,311
31,29')
55,631 311
378
1233
497
£
139
242
278
Spray
096 264 »
125
Turkish
and
Russian
£
86
Season
Tickets
not In-
cluded
in tore-
Soing
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
20
WASH-
HOUSF.
Pay-
ments
£
536
73
963
51
03
318
RENT
FOR
PRE.M1SF.S
360
MISCELLA.NKOUS
Toxvels
and
Cos-
tumes
139'
133 15
Tf'TAL
Rl-XtlPTS
Other
Items
11
105 245
22
29
APPENDIX I
EXPENDITVKE
Deficit
MET BY
ASSESS-
Total
INCOME
CHARGKS for PREMISl'^
Bath Upkef.p
iMlSCELI-ANEOUS
Total
Expend:-
MENT
ture
Date
of
Estab-
lish-
ment
Remarks i
Rents
and
Loan
Rates.
Taxes,
insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Total
Salaries
and
Vages
Heating
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
Total
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Other
Items
ToUl
1
17
18
19
20
SI
22
23
24 ZS
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
249
797
207
43
66
310
178
*
113
19
*
464"
11
6
17
797
1876
since
added to
* Excludes 43 season ticket-
holders, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
= Includes £154 for heating,
lighting and cleaning, not 1
difierentiated.
^ Includes April.
047
1671
3019
466
63
115"
r.44
311
372
272
18
22
995
12
20
31
1671
1806
1856
renewed
1892
Education Committee pays
fees for school-children,and
provides instruction.
' Includes alterations.
- Seasons not defined.
^ Figures for 1915.
1705
674
«
•
674
150
100
250
120
126
1050
1915
' Includes October ; mixed
bathing.
13.4'
49
*
*
260
236
29
*
*
*
*
.
*
756 »
«
1 Profits are placed to the
credit of the undertaking.
* Includesincome from cloak-
rooms.
^ Includes £182, undifierenti-
ated.
* For 1 dozen 1/ tickets,
s Medicated.
3150
6436
..
0436
1954
4296
1546
25
188
1759
1300
612
449
42
67
2470
•
«
67
4298
1901
' Includes income from soap.
923
1775
100
114
283
497
060
299
252
9
14
1240
38
38
1775
18S9
acquired
1905
> Includes income from soap.
274
365
113
8
121
185
37
8
9
*
239
»
«
3
365
1912
266
382
90
14
136'
240
93
1
20
5
119
22
22
382
1906
1914
1 Includes cost of new filter,
£127.
* 56 in August ; Bath re-
served for school-children
4 hours per week during
tonn. ^
• 2500 per week during
winter 1914-5.
83
175
2 *
S
41
46
100
17
110
12
12
175
1883
» Capital cost defrayed out of
rate.
1331
2547
••
••
■•
25(7
1299
2264
796
132
38
oc.ti
749
295
47
70
75 =
1287
22
S9V
61
2264
1912
' Includes fees for vapour
baths.
' Includes iromnongery.
' Includes new fittings, £12.
232
283
93
8
101
"1
105
..
4'
180
1
I
2
283
1902
' Includes ironmongery.
114
184
66
11
34
111
51
•
•
73 >
j
•
1.S4
1910
' Includes cost of water, heat-
ing and li»:htiiig. and sun-
drifs, not differentiated-
* " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
901
1309
532
115
63
710
229
178
140
1
579
3
77 >
80
1369
1895
' Includes loan charge, £27,
maintenance, £41.
= Club charges, 8/9 to 20/ per
100 tickets.
' Season nul defined.
30
REP C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAME OF PLACE
POPULA-
TION
DURHAM.— co)i/inui-ii
M.B. Darlington
Stockton-on-Tces
ESSEX
C.B. Southend-on-Sea
56,631
52,154
62,713 I
Capital
Cost
£
5,883
Sea-water Sufim-
ming Bath
Pier Head Salt-
water Baths'
West Ham S. .
Plaistow Baths
Jupp Road
Baths
9,600
289,030
31,311
Fen St. Baths
M.B. Chelmsford S. ,
Corporation
Baths
Bathsfor Troops
and Munition
Workers
Colchester
East Ham
Covered Swim-
ming Bath .
Open- A ir Bath
Saffron Walden .
U.D.C. Barking Town .
Rate
AID
IN
TERMS
OF Id.
IS £
18,00>
1,200
643
43,45: 600
approx.
183,48; 14,732
13,232
1,500
6,311 1,650
31,29J 8,250
•65
•4
Percentages
Bath
Fees
67-3
371
48-8
43-8
Wash.
House
Othei
Ilems
21-5
■13
•78
•64
•14
1^1
18-0
37-0
23-2
Kale
Aid
Expenditure
Charge
for
Premises
38^7
48^9
45-5
52^0
4-9 751 33-
38-5'
64^2
40-9
28^0
Uplteep
Salaries,
etc.
22^3
18^6
Other
Items
34-4
1-1
47^4
601
57^4
82-0
620
62-8'
26^ 3
11-0 65-9
35-7
60-3
51-9
24-3
Miscell-
aneous
359
40^9
14-8
68
25'1
27-7.
lO-'
385
12-0
25-6
120
2^1
5^8
Expendi-
ture
61-2
167-2
162-4
173-8
511
54-5
48-1
24-9
30-4
Swimming Bath
8d.,4d.
2d.
(21/) 6d
[4d.]
2d.
4>l.,2d.
(21/) 6d
[4d.]
6d. [3d.]
2d. [Id.]
2d.,
[Id.]
6d. [3d.j
2d. [Id.]
2d.,
[Id.]
0-9 52-6
39-9
2-7 42-6
18-0
37-5
5-8
[(2/3)]
2d.,F.
6d.
6d., 4d.
2d.
3d.
2d., F.
6d.
Ul.
6d.,4d.
3d.
Chil.
dren
ld.,}d.
(10/6)
3d., Id.
Id.
7d., 4d.
s6d.,
3d., Id.
s(9/)'
2/,n/,
6d.
6d.,
2Jd.
6d.,
2id.
21d.
7d., 4d.
s6d.
s(9/)«
2/,'l/,
ed.
6d.,
2Jd.
6d.,
2Jd.
2Sd-
2d., F.
3d., Id.
}d.
Id.
4d., 3d.
s6d.,
4d.
s4d.,
2d.
s6d.
3d.
s6d.,
4d.
s4d.,
2d.
s6d.,
3d.
31
APPENDIX I
AV'EKACE HOURS PER WEEK
Staff
(May to September)
{October to April)
Datk
OF
Est AH-
LISH-
MHNT
RHMARKS
Baths
Turkish
Baths
Wasli-
House
Svfimmine
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash-
House
Swimming
Bath
Priv.ite
Baths
Wash-
House
Whole Time
Part Time
or Juniors
Total
in
Sum-
mer
Total
Win-
ter
-
Cliil-
Jreii
M.tle
Fe-
male
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
Male
Fe-
male
M.ale
Fe-
male
.Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
2G
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
36
36
37
2/6,
1/6,1/
2/6,
1/6,1/
61 »
21'
72
72
Clo
sed
72
72
1
1
1
3
3
1876
since
added to
^ Excludes 43 season ticket-
holders, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
2 Includes £154 for heating,
Ughting and cleaning, not
diSerentiated.
^ Includes April.
F.
■•
2d.
2d.
88 =
101'
5'
105 >
91
91
05
Clo
Clo
sed»
sed
91
91
05
3
*
2
*
2
*
*
7
*
*
1856
renewed
1892
1915
Education Committee pays
fees for school-children.and
provides instruction.
1 Includes alterations.
- Seasons not defined.
' Figures for 1915.
^ Includes October ; mixed
bathing.
91
91
91
91
«
*
*
*
•
•
•
' Profits are placed to the
credit of the undertaking.
* Includes income from cloak-
rooms.
3 Includes £182, undifierenti-
ated.
* For 1 dozen 1/ tickets.
5 Medicated.
6d.,
2id.
•■
93
31
93
93
78
14
85
85
13
6
1
1
21
*
1901
^ Includes income from soap.
6d.,
2Jd.
•■
66
50'
26
24
78
76
15
15
53
Clo
25
sed
65
67
13
13
7
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
11
4
1
*
4
1889
acquired
1905
1912
1906
^ Includes income from soap,
' Includes cost of new filter^
£127.
2 56 in August ; Bath re-
ser\'ed for school-children
4 hours per week during
terra. s
••
••
••
••
•
•
*
«
«
*
*
*
«
•
1914
' 2500 per week during
winter 1914-5.
•■
••
81
9
*
*
1
1
2
•
1883
> Capital cost defrayed out of
rale.
1/
1/
80
16
79
17
Clo
sed
•
*
8
5
13
*
1912
t Includes fees (or vapour
baths.
* Includes ironmongery.
= Includes new fittings, £12.
1
.,
78
6
Clo
sed ' ..
1
1
2
1902
» Includes ironmongery.
sld.
46"
10'
15
18
Clo
sed'
*
•
1
1
2
•
1910
» Includcscostofwatcr.heat-
iufi and lighting, and sud-
dru-s. not diflcrcntiatcd.
' " Summer " and " winter "
not defined.
s6d.,
3d.
74 J
10"
74
10
Con
Ha
cert
11
74
10
2
1
3
3
1895
' Includes loan charge, £27,
inaintcnauce,£41.
- Club charges, S/'Q to 20/ per
H>0 tickets.
' Season not defined.
32
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING
Baths
SLIPPER AND SPRAV BATHS
Name of place
Popula-
tion
Number
Area
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadth
Male
Female
Total
lM.ile
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
i
E
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
nSSEX.— continued
Halstead .
6,264
ft.
ft.
*
*
13,676
4
«
•
2,960
74
0
Public Baths .
1
69
26
•
*
10,333
••
4
«
«
2,960
74
0
Balhine Place .
••
••
2,888
355
3,243
••
•■
■•
••
Ilford
78,188
••
1
00
20
•
«
30,529
6
*
«
1,067
17
8
Leyton
124,735
2
80
100
30
30
99,212
28,857
128,069
24
7
31
26,256
4,920
31,176
1094
703
Walthamstow .
124,580
1
130
35
54,276
16,587
70,863
21
12
33
52,655
15,032
67,687
2507
1262
GLOUCESTERSHIRE
C.B. Gloucester
50.n:!.T
2
80
80
72
27
*
*
31,089 '
14
•
•
8,278
69
1
M.B. Cheltenham
48,942
3
48,316
8,251
56,567
15
«
«
9,156
61
0
Alstone Baths
30,000
approx.
2'
90
89
37
32
39,486
4,899
44 ,.385
6
*
•
5,088
84
8
Moatpellier
Baths
20,000
appros.
1
64
23
8,830
3,352
12,182
9
*
•
4,068
46
2
U.D.C. Cirencester
7,631
1
90
45
♦
*
8,746
••
••
HAMPSHIRE
C.B. Portsmouth * .
231,141
2
•
*
•
36
4
40
39,400
4,211
43,611
1094
1063
Public Baths
1
81
25
25,865
5.310
31,175
36
4
40
39,400
4,211
43,611
1094
1053
SwimmingPoni*
1
300 i
n dia-
meter
•
•
«
Southampton .
119,012
1
3'
165'
76
76
160 >
30
30
•
«
93,148
30
10
40
*
*
61,960
129
9
M.B. Basingstoke
11,640
1
100
25
*
*
•
••
••
HERTFORDSHIRE
M.B. Hertford .
10,383
1
120
33
«
•
•
■•
••
33
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
A ceo 111-
moda-
tion for
Total Attendance
16,536
13,293
2,888 355 3,243
31,596
33,777
12.".,4H8
106,931
2935
65,265
31,619
ATTENDANCK I'HK lOUO
OF I'OPULATION
Swimming
Bath
159,245
138,550
42,302
65,965
49,473
10,t92
8,740
74,786
2167
390
1027
1156
Total
iiicluiliiiij
Turkiitli
and
K ussiai)
WASH-HOUSUS
Accoiniiiui.lalioii
Manijllng
14 404
250 1277
1348
783 , 437 ; 1244
29 30
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1914 * Includes gift, £1000.
* Excludes use of towel.
' Seasons not defimed.
188G * Rent payable during
owner's lifetime.
1893 ' Includes ironmongery.
1912 * Includes £101 from sale of
water from well.
' Includes new dressing-room
£176.
^ Excludes administration ex-
penses, included under 30.
* Girls 1st class.
' Seasons not defined.
1900 " Includes £99 for removing
and relaying floors.
" Seasons not defined.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for school
children.
* Includes 310 season tickets,
number of admissions im-
recorded.
' Gymnasium, tennis, etc.
' Includes income from soap.
* " Rents."
* *' Repairs "and brushes not
differentiated from sundry
expenses.
1889 * One open-air.
dded to| ' Includes cost of new floor,
£44.
' Includes April.
* Open-air bath.
Lcquired
1900
1870
dded to
1896
Pui-
;hased
1891
1876
cqiiircd
1903
' Medical baths.
' Includes cost of salt for
brine baths, £16.
' Includes April.
' Excludes use of towel.
' Includes October.
Turkish baths under private
management.
■ Excavated mudland, and
constructed in concrete.
> Includes open-air bath,
closed in winter.
' Refreshments.
' Includes accidents, £56 ;
refreshments, £43.
Excludes use of towels.
Includes renewals and re-
pairs.
* Excludes use of towel.
* 11 hours reserved for school
children.
* Attendant takcsprofitslrom
hire of towels andcostumes.
_
34
r^EI B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
ESSEX. — continued
Halstead .
Public Baths
Bathine Place
Ilford
Leyton
Walthamstow
GLOUCESTERSHI RE
C.B. Gloucester
POPULA-
TION
78,188
124,735
M.B. Cheltenham
Alstone Baths
Montpellier
Baths
U.D.C. Cirencester
HAMPSHIRE
C.B. Portsmouth '
Public Baths
Swimmin^Poni^
Southampton
M.B. Basingstoke
HERTFORDSHIRE
M.B. Hertford .
75
7
1018
124,580 U17 824
18
488
Spray
30,000 .,,o
approx.
20,000 : .,..o
approx. ' "*
7,031
231,141
119,012
11,540
10,383
43
364
05
710
8UU U74
30
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Ticlcets
not in.
eluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
255
51
12
100
Con-
tribu-
tions for
School
Children
14
23
Wash
House
pay-
.MENTS
100
7
280
1538
1452
768
Rent
FOR
Premises
401
37 I 1236
35 1872
30
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos.
tumes
Soap
57 =
other
Items
161
Total
Receipts
81
26'
3
166
84
314
APPENDIX I
CHA
EXPENDirnKE
DEFICIT
MET BY
ASSESS-
MENT
roTAt.
NCOMt
RGES FOR PREMISES
Bath Upkeep
Miscellaneous
Total
txri-:NDi.
TLRE
1
Dair
llSTAll-
LISII-
M1=N I'
Remarks
KeiUs
Slid
I.oan
ClMrt;C5
Rates,
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Total
Salaries
and
Wages
Heating
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
tunics
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
Total
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Cither
Items
Total
17
18
19
20
£
21
£
22
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
127
245
245
80
190
■ 41
10
51
63
64
7
124
4
11
15
190
1914
' Includes gift, £1000.
* Excludes use of towel.
' Seasons not defined.
48
55
7'
1
4
12
42
42
•■
55
1880
' Rent payable during
owner's lifetime.
■2.33
517
111
38
79
228
93
97
79
3
7>
279
9
1
10
517
1893
' Includes ironmongeiy.
2900
4743
2040
444
268 »
2759
1087'
554
190
57
32
1925
58
58
4743
1912
' Includes £101 from sale of
water from well.
* Includes new dressing-room
£176.
* Excludes administration ex-
penses, included imder 30.
' Girls 1st class.
^ Seasons not defined.
1870
3581
1157
183
202
1543
917
550
331
46
60
1910
15
113'
128
3581
1900
' Includes £99 for removing
and relaying floors.
" Seasons not defined.
803
1744
563
129
17'
710
556
310
39
65 »
970
14
50 >
64
1744
1891
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for school
children.
' Includes 310 season tickets,
nimiber of admissions un-
recorded.
" Gymnasium, tennis, etc.
' Includes income from soap.
' " Rents."
* " Repairs " and brushes not
differentiated from sundry
expenses.
1182
2100
2100
391
852
335
24
114 »
473
260
106
373
5
2
7
' 852
1889
idded to
1897
' One open-air.
* Includes cost of new floor,
£44.
' Includes AprU.
« Open-air bath.
791
1248
527
39
39
605
383
209
12
16
621
5
17 »
22
1248
Acquired
1900
' Medical baths.
' Includes cost of salt for
brine baths, £16.
• Includes April.
31
84
7
1 24
31
39
3
5
47
4
1
6
84
1870
idded to
1896
' Excludes use of towel.
' Includes October.
*
*
••
••
••
••
«
' Turkish batbsunderprivate
management.
464
1798
295
96
313
704
539
397
97
49
1082
11
11
1798
1883
•
*
«
«
«
*
•
••
•
*-
*
*
«
•
•
*
> Excavated mudland, and
constnicted in concrete.
798
2984
692
102
234
108S
1024
488
109
53
98
1771
25
100 »
125
2984
Pui-
chased
1891
' Includes open-air bath,
closed in winter.
' Refreshments.
* Includes accidents, £S6 ',
refreshracnts, £43.
24
55
••
12
12
37
37
2
3
6
55
1906
' Excludes use of towels.
10
57
•■
«
«
22
,, «
••
22
34'
34
57
1876
acquired
1903
' Includes renewals .ind re-
pairs.
' Excludes use of towel.
> 11 hours reserved (orschool
chililrcn.
' Altcndantlakesprofitsfrom
hireof towels and costumes.
36
I^EI c REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
.N.\ME OF PLACE
ESSEX . — continued
Halstead .
Public Baths
Bathing Place
Ilford
Leyton
Walthamstow
GLOUCESTERSHIRE
C.B. Gloucester
M.B. Cheltenham
Alstone Baths
Montpellier
Baths
U.D.C. Cirencesler
HAMPSHIRE
C.B. Portsmouth '
Pubhc Baths
Swimming Poni
Southampton
M.B. Basingstoke
HERTFORDSHIRE
M.B. Hertford .
POPULA.
TION
78,188
124,735
124,580
48,942
30,00(
approx.
20,000
approx.
7,631
231,141
CAPITAL
COST
Rate
AID
IN
Terms
OF Id.
IN £
Percentages
SCALE OF
_
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming hMh
Private
. __
Expendi-
ture
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscell-
aneous
Male
Female
Chil-
dren
Male
Female
B.ith
I-ecs
Wash-
Housc
Salaries,
etc.
Othir
Items
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
U
12
13
11
16
16
£
♦
*
61-8
47-8
.-.
1,800"
1-14
52-6
5-8
42-1
26-8
331
321
7-9
58-4
(15/) '
2Jd.
(15/),'
2Jd.
Id.
3d.
3d.
Gift'
«
12-7
87-3
21-8
76-4
12-7
Id., F.
Id., F.
Id., F.
••
2,125
■13
54-2
•6
451
44-1
18-0
36-0
1-9
54-7
6d., 3d.,
2d.
3d.,
[■2d.]
s4d.
s4d.
39,768
1-5
32-4
6-4
61-1
58-2
22-9
17-7
1-2
38-9
(10/6),
8d.[4d.]
2d.
6fc4'd.]
2d.
3d., Id.
6d., 2d.
6d., 2d.
22,302
1'09
40-5
7-2
52-2
431
25-6
27'7
3-6
47-8
4d., 2d.
4d., 2d.
Id.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
14,401
*
44-0
6-4
49-5
40-7'
31-9
23-7»
3-7'
50-4
6d.[4d.]
3d.
6d.[4d.]
3d.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
15,741
115
56-3
43-7
0,126
■4
43-5
10-7
45-9
55-5
31-2
12-6
•8
54-2
4d.,3d.,
2d.
4d.,2d.
2d., Id.
s3d.
s3d.
1 0,015
•75
o2-l
4.4
63-4
48o
30-7
19-1
1-8
36-5
6d.,
[4d.]
6d.,
[4d.]
Id.
sl/6
6d., 4d.
s 1/6,
6d.,4d.
•
•-
53-6
9-5
36-9
36-9
46-4
9-5
71
631
(5/),'
5d.,3d.,
F.
'Id:'
(2/),'
3d.
••
10,727
•
•
••
•
••
••
.1,400
■1
08-7
5-5
25-8
392
30-0
30-2
•6
74-2
4d.,2d.,
Id.
4d., 2d.
Id.
s6d.,
4d..2d.
s6d.,
4d., 2d.
5,237
*
•
..
•
•
•
•
•
•
.
F.
F.
F.
••
l.'i,550
■3
02-7
10-5
26-7
36-5
34-3
25'0
4-2
73-3
4d.,3d.,
2d.
4d.,3d.,
2d.
Id.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
500
approx.
•1
54-5
••
43-6
21 -a
67-S
••
10-9
54-5
(5/),
[(4/)],
4d.,'
2d.'
(3/)
4d.,'
2d.»
(3/6)
4d.,'
2d.,'F.
••
.\cquircd
at £60
■04
80-7
17-5
•
33-6
•
80-7
3d.,'
Id.'
(7/6),
6d.,'
3d.'
3d.,'
Id.'
37
APPENDIX I
CHARGES
Average hours per week
Staff
(May to September)
{October to April)
Datb
OF
liSl-AB-
LISH-
MKNT
Remarks
I!.nhs
Turkish
Baths
Wash.
House
Swimming
Eatli
Private
Baths
Wasli-
House
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash
House
Whole Time
Part Time
or Juniors
Total
Sum-
mer
Total
in
Win-
ter
Clill-
drcn
Male
Fe.
male
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe.
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
n
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
2G
27
28
39
30
31
32
33
31
35
38
37
3d.
••
..
33 >
63
18"
H
33'
18'
..
Clo
*
sed>
*
4'
2'
••
1
1
••
1
1
1
«
1914
1886
' Includes gift, £1000.
* Excludes use of towel.
' Seasons not defined.
^ Rent payable during
owner's Lifetime.
••
■■
60
21
60
24
•
«
•
*
••
3
2
5
«
1893
* Includes ironmongery.
3d.,
1i'
90'
29'
90'
87'
Ha
Us'
*
♦
10
7
17
10
1912
» Includes £101 from sale of
water from well.
* Includes new dressing-room
£176.
^ Excludesadministratioa ex-
penses, included under 30.
* Girls 1st class.
' Seasons not defined.
76'
20'
97'
93'
••
Ha
11'
65'
63'
••
10
5
••
15
12
1900
* Includes £99 for removing
and relaying floors.
' Seasons not defined.
./,l/6
2/,l/6
1/
*
16
93
93
l)Gy
nasiu
2)«
m-
m
*
*
«
5
5
10
«
1891
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for school
children.
' Includes 310 season tickets,
number of admissions un-
recorded.
* Gymnasium, tennis, etc.
' Includes income from soap.
* " Rents."
' " Repairs *' and brushes not
differentiated from sundry
expenses.
76 >
13"
76
13
■•
l)Ba
mo to
2)7*
d-
Q
25
5
«
«
«
•
6
5
1889
added to
1897
* One open-air.
' Includes cost of new floor,
£44.
' Includes April.
* Open-air bath.
sl/6,
6d.,4d.
Ik
2/6
••
53 »
56'
35'
16 »
89"
89'
Ha
Clo
11
sed
*
«
•■
3
1
4
1
7
2
7
Acquired
1900
1870
added to
1896
» Medical baths.
^ Includes cost of salt for
brine baths, £16.
' Includes April.
* Excludes use of towel.
' Includes October.
1 Turkish batbsunderprivale
management.
••
••
■■
73
11
86
86
••
61
11
84
84
••
4
2
4
1
IX
IX
1883
••
■•
■■
•
•
••
••
•
•
■•
1
1
••
2
•
•
» Excavated mudland, and
constructed in concrete.
s4d.,
2d.
21,11
2/
89
68
89
8
89
89
77
Clo
77
ied
77
77
•
1
11
*
1
22
2
•
Pm-
cfaased
1891
1906
' Includes open-air bath,
closed in winter.
* Refreshments.
* Includes accidents, £55 ;
refreshments, £43.
* Excludes use of towels.
••
50 »
11'
••
Clo
>ed
••
••
••
1*
1
2
1876
1 cquired
1903
> Includes renewals and re-
pairs.
* Excludes use of towel.
» 1 1 hours reserved for school
children.
* Atlcndanttakesprofitsfrom
hire of towels and costumes.
G
38
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SW'iMMl.N'G Baths
SLIPPER AND SPRAY BATHS
NAME OF PLACE
J'UiaiLA-
TION
Number
Area
B.itlicr5
Number
Bathers
B.ithcrs per
Batli or Spray
t-'cin.ile.s
only
Tot.il
I
Lciiglh
Brraclth
M.ile
Female
Tolal
MSle
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
S
4
ft.
30
6
S
7
S
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
HERTFORDSHIRE— coiKiii
St.AWcms
icd
18,133
1
ft. ,
105
10,470
1539
12,009
U.D.C. Stevenage
4,856
•■
4
•
•
1,740
43
5
Watford^ .
40,939
1
82
72
28,943
7158
36,101
HUNTINGDONSHIRE
M.B. Huntingdon
ISLE OF ELY
U.D.C. March
4,003
8,403
1
1
*
30
*
*
*
«
«
*
2,000
approx.
*
••
■■
ISLE OF 1I.\N
M.B. Douglas .
Heary Bloom-
noble Baths
21,101
1
1
3
2
•
*
*
18,504
«
3787
*
27,204 '
8
8
6
6
14
14
7224
7224
2987
2987
10,211
10,211
903
903
498
498
PortShiUwn'r
KENT
M.B. Dover
Town Hall
Baths
Sea-Front
Baths '
43,045
1
1
2
•
67
43
42
27
*
*
5,000
*
*
«
1,566
•
«
15,132
6,566
8,566
22
16
6
12
6
6
34
22
12
*
11,898
*
*
3,735
*
10,797
15,633
1.164
49
744
9
4
622
7
Turkish Baths
Folkestone
Public Baths .
33^502
16'
12
28
22,556
14.338
36.894
1410
1193
Swimming
Bath P
Gravesend
28,ii5
«
•
1
«
100
*
40
*
*
*
•
«
32,683
Maidstone '
35,475
1
2
90
48
36
21
*
«
35,218
24'
9
33 »
•
*
16,233
49
.1
Tunbritlge Wells
Mouson Rd. .
35,097
2
1
90
35
•
16,146
•
3,628
*
19,772
10
10
6
6
16
16
13,030
13,030
5,657
5,657
18,687
18,687
1303
1303
963
963
Open A ir Bath
1
264
75
•
*
«
U.D.C. Ashford .
Open-Air Bath
13,068
.,
1
335
73
•
•
19,004
, ,
,.
Beckenham
31,602
2
100
90>
30
80'
42,983
16,248
59,231
13
2
15
7,266
084
7,950
559
342
Uattford .
23,609
1
90
38
8,448
2,549
18,230 '
i
Erilh
27,750
1
CO
25
•
•
7,451
..'
..
..
Sheerness .
17,487
1
100
25
•
•
3.874
Sittingboumc ,
8,380
1
100
22
5,684
3.151
13.018 '
3
2
5
1,472
163
1,635
491
81
39
APPENDIX I
ri'RKisn AND Russian Baths
Accom-
iiioda-
tioii
827
827
152
152
2043
52
1495 496 1991
Total ArrEXDANCE
10,470
28,943
979
979
26,555
1,495
22,556
29.170
1539
496
14,338
9,283
50,249
1,740
36,101
2,000
approx.
38,394
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF POPULATION
33,972
22.251
9,730
1,991
36,894
*
32,083
51,451
38,459
19,004
1390
67,181
1809
18,230
772
7,451
269
3,874
273
14,653
882
Private
Baths
358
347
1162
993
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
Wash-houses
Accommodation
662
358
882
523
1.-.53
G"
778
1101
li62
1450
Mangling
1390
2120
772
269
273
Ironing
1899
and
1905
'urcha-
ed 1897
1907
1898
dded to
1912
1851
dded to
1895
1898
ISGO
1901
1910
1907
1900
' Includes renewals and re-
pairs, towels and costtimes.
- 12 hours per week reserved
for school children.
^ At other times by arrange-
ment.
^ Finance figures for 1915-16.
- Excludes use of towel.
^ Includes part of April and
October.
* For 1915.
" £l per week.
^ Excludes use of towel.
' Open-sheds.
" Reserved for children dur-
ing school hours.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Includes 4913 school
children undifferentiated.
^ Excludes 54 persons using
medicated baths.
" Includes medicated bath
fees, £5.
* Includes income from pro-
perty, £209.
* Includes charge for tele-
phone.
' Trustees ; to be transferred
to the Corporation in 1921.
' Includes towels, etc.
* Includes stores, £27.
^ Includes stores, £35.
^ Sea-bathing included here.
- Includes towels, etc.
^ Includes 4 sprays.
^ Includes £11, soap for sale.
^ Excludes soap.
* Includes Oct. ; 7 brs. Satur-
day children only, excludes
4 hrs. clubs.
' Originally included wash-
houses.
■ Includes 2 sprays.
^ Includes alterations, £98.
* Clubs half-price.
' Seasons not defined.
' I'or superintendent's house.
* Includes proportion to dis-
trict fund, £30.
* Open for winter bathers.
- .'\ttendanltakespro&ts£rom
hire of towels, etc.
' Open-air.
* Includes rates and taxes.
=• Wi-U on premises.
* Towel supplied.
' lnchules9233sch. children.
* lucUidcs April.
* 8 under construction.
' Includes .\pril and Oct.
Educ.ilion Committee pro-
vide instruction and pay
1(1. per child.
' Includes renewals, gas, etc
* ICxcludcs towel.
* Weekly ticket.
' [tnie to September.
' Includes 4183 bch. children,
* Excludes 2 brs. for schools.
40
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAME OF Place
HERTFORDSHIRE— conVin
St. Albans
U.D.C. Stevenage
Watford * .
HUNTINGDONSHIRE
M.B. Huntingdon
ISLE OF ELY
U.D.C. March
ISLE OF MAN
M.B. Douglas .
Heury Bloom-
noble Baths
KENT
M.B.
PortSkiUion'V
Dover
Town Hall
Baths
Sea-Front
Baths'
ued
18,133
4,856
40,939
4,0U3
8,403
21,101
Turkish Baths
Folkestone
Public Baths .
33^502
Swimming
Bath P
Gravesend
28,115
Maidstone '
35,475
Tunbridge Wells
Mouson Rd. ,
35,fi97
Open A ir Bath
U.D.C. Ashford .
Open- Air Bath
13,668
Beckenbam
31,692
Datl/ord .
23,609
Erilh
27,750
Sheerness .
17,487
Sittingboume .
8,380
DiCOUE
Bath Fehs
Wash-
house
pav-
Rent
FOR
PREMISES
MISCELLANEOU
Total
receipts
Swim-
mine
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
1
Season
Ti:kets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con.
Iribu.
tion for
School
Children
Tot.il
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Tot,il
1
2
3
4 .
6
7
8
9
10
u ,
1!
IS
14
16
IS
£
•
£
22
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
«
22
£
£
£
•
3
£
•
£
*
£
•
3
£
57
25
46
■•
46
••
*•
••
••
••
46'
13'
••
* *
' '
••
13
* '
' *
' *
13'
•
398
366
78
22
9
878'
48
225*
273
1151
»
••
■■
*
■•
•
1016
*
*
"'
201'
*
*
201
«
•
390
•
..
••
554'
260 «
390
•
«
6
13
3
22
SS4
260
412
•
*
- •
*
«
•
•
•
217
••
2
219
11
1
13
231
296
239
•■
••
7
9
50
601
••
15
18
9
42
643
369
302
••
6
8
17
702
si
21
52
816
755
35
••
23
58
2
1
3
61
37
.,
37
•»
37
693
128
31
152
904
8
20
28
932
107
5
112
18
18
130
47
47
6
6
53
•
••
■•
•
•
•
•
68
64
30
••
•■
93
3
3
97
41
APPENDIX I
EXFENSinniE
UEMCIT
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Bath Upkeep
Miscellaneous
MET BY
Total
TOTAL
ASSESS-
INCOME
expeniu-
1
ti;re
Date
OF
ESTAB.
LISH-
MENT
Remarks
Rents
and
Rales.
Taxes.
Re.
newals
Total
S.ilaries
and
Heating
and
Water
Towels
and
Soap
and
Total
Priming
and
Other
Total
Loan
Charges
Insur-
ance
and
Repairs
W.nscs
Lighting
Cos-
tumes
Clean-
ing
Station,
ery
Items
17
18
19
20
21
22
£
23
24
25
2e
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
22
78
16
11
*
*
44
3.
«
•
5>
5
78
1905
^ Includes renewals and re-
pairs, towels and costumes.
^ 12 hours per week reserved
7
32
3
1
4
18
a
1
28
32
1913
for school children.
^ At other times by arrange-
51'
97'
7
1
7
15
80
80
3
3
97"
1899
and
1905
ment.
' Finance figures for 1915-10.
- Excludes use of towel.
^ Includes part of April and
•
•
••
••
• a
♦
October.
\ For 1915.
- £1 per week.
28
28
'
10
12
16
16
28
1893
^ Excludes use of towel.
' Open-sheds.
- Resen-'ed for children dur-
ing school hours.
*
*
..
•
' Seasons not defined.
1151
175
102'
103
380
229
265
79
80
654
14
14
1049
<
' Includes 4913 school
children undifferentiated.
^ Excludes 54 persons using
medicated baths.
^ Includes medicated bath
fees, £5.
' Includes income from pro-
perty, £209.
^ Includes charge for tele-
*
«
*
••
*
•
«
«
phone.
' Trustees ; to be transferred
1226
2242
• •
..
2242
to the Corporation in 1921.
351
552
109
18
139
266
129
92
37
•
•
285'
2
2
552
1894
* Includes towels, etc.
= Includes stores, £27.
478
1032
330
56
181
568
258
161
5
*
•
460'
2
3
4
1032
Purcha-
' Includes stores, £35.
' Sea-bathing included here.
398
658
121
19
46
187
286
98
11
«
*
441
11
19
31
658
sed 1897
1907
- Includes towels, etc
510
922
346
20
147
513
180
152
13
20'
365
3
41
44
922
1898
addL-d to
' Includes 4 sprays.
- Includes £11, soap for sale.
•
•
*
•
•
«
•
•
*
•
•
•
♦
«
•
•
1912
' Excludes soap.
56
287
129
13
11
153
90
1
15
14
8
128
7
7
287
1911
' Includes Oct. ; 7 brs. Satur-
day children only, excludes
661
1304
390
105
190'
685
327
176
56
27
14
600
6
13
19
1304
1851
added to
1895
4 hi-s. clubs.
' Originally included wash-
houses.
* Includes 2 sprays.
» Includes alterations, £98.
* Clubs half-price.
898
1713
1713
' Seasons not defined.
821
1570
36'
55
v«
165
453 =
302
676
28
24
1382
12
is
26
1676
1898
' I'"or superintendent's house.
= Includes proportion to dis-
76
137
3
6
10
86
41
127
1
1
137
«
trict fund, £50.
50
80
17
10
25
52
34
■•
•■
34
86
18GG
* Open for winter bathers.
* .Attcndanttakcsprofils£rom
1271
2203
850'
•
188
987
738
431 10*
••
1180
36
36
2203
U»U1
hire of towels, etc,
' Open-air.
» Includes rates and taxes.
» Well on premises.
235
364
131
17
17
166
88
52
6
••
146
•
*
53
364
l'.HO
* Towel f.upplied.
' lnclud<si)2:t:tscb. children.
132
185
•
«
•
»
119
* •
•
•
•
•
«
*
185
l'.M)~
^ liifhidLS .April.
' 8 under construction.
30
87
IG
21
•
*
34
*
*
«
*
•
16'
87
I'.IOO
' Includes April and Oct.
E.iucation Conuniltec pro-
vide instniction and pay
Id. per child.
' Includtis renewals, gas, etc
» ICxcludcs towel.
' \V. ckly ticket.
268
365
58
90
149
77
88
18
1
"•
183
33
33
365
ISOli
* June to St-ptembcr.
* includes 4183 sch. children.
» Excludes 2 hrs. for schools.
42
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
HERTFORDSHIRE— con/in
5/. Albans
U.D.C. Stevenage
Wat/orU^ .
HUNTINGDONSHIRE
M.B. Huntingdon
ISLE OF ELY
U.D.C. March
ISLE OF MAN
M.B. Douglas .
Henry Bloom-
noble Baths
KENT
M.B.
PoriSkillwn^'?
Dover
Town Hall
Baths
Sea-Front
Baths ^
Turldsh Bath-
Folkestone
Public Baths
Swinnning
Bath P
Gravesend
Maidstone '
Tunbridge Wells
Mouson Rd. .
Open A :r Bath
U.D.C. Asbford .
Open- A ir Bath
Dattford .
Erith
Sfteerness .
Sittingboume .
Caimtal
Cost
Popula-
tion
ued *
18,133 1.610
4,850 100
approx.
40,'j:>',) 525
4,U03
8,4U3 150
21,101
Gift
43,G45 15,110
3,000
9,173
2,937
33]502
6,894
«
28,115 2,020
35,475 'i.OOO
35,nn7
; 16,141
13,668
!. ™o
31,692 15,880
23,609 l.^SO
27,750 ^58
17,487 400
8,380 2,080
KATH
Am
IN
THHMS
or Id.
IN £
•25
■1)8
■87
PERCENTAGES
Bath
Fees
■19
■11
1-87
68^7
47^4
76-3
423
*
76-3
40^1
44'5
42-3
43^0
410
30^8
25 4
Wash-
House
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
28-2
21-9
52-6
1000
54-7
03-6
46-3
• : 60-5
2-4 55-3
4.5
3-2 60-7
1-S
52-4
521
58-1
57-7
4<g : 646
3-2 , 71-4
• 345
■8 73-4
Charge
for
Premises
12-6
15-5
482
55-0
28^4
55-6
*
53-3
62^5
10^0
7-3
00-5
44-8
45-0
Expenditure
Upiceep
MiscelU
aneous
Salaries,
etc.
Other
Items
8
9
10
66^4
«
•
56-2
31-2
82-5
31
•
•
*
57-1
••
21-8
40-5
1-3
*
«
*
23-4
28-3
■4
25^0
19-6
■4
43-5
23-6
4^7
19-5
20-1
4^8
*
31-4
*
13^2
2-4
25-1
20-9
1^5
28-7
58-9
I'o
62^8
299
■7
39-5
33-5
201
1-6
24-2
15-9
14-6
643
•
•
391
*
•
21-1
290
90
lixpendi.
lure
731
78-1
47-4
1097
45-3
36-4
53'7
39-5
44-7
*
80-5
49-3
47-6
47-9
430
42-3
35-7
Swimming Bath
3d.
{2/6),«
ld.,»F.
(2/6).
2d.»
C(2/)l
6d.
6d., 3d
6d., 4d,
6d.
(2/6)
ld.,»F.
(2/6),
2d.»
6d., 3d
6d., 4d
6d.
Chil-
dren
2Jd.,F.
ld.,= F.
0d.,3d. 6d.,3d
(21/)
6d.,«
4d.,«
3d.,«
2d.«
8d., 3d.,
2d.
(15/),
6d.,'
4d.,<
3d.,'
2d.«
6d., 3d.
2d.
(10/,5/);(10/, 5/)
([7/6d.,
t/]),4id.
2Jd.
4d.,ld.
([7/6d.,
4/])5id.
3Jd.
4d., Id.
Id., F.
6d., Od.,
[4d.], [4d. ,
2d. 2d.
3d.
3d.
(5/)'
3d.'
3d.
3d.
(6/)'
3d.'
3d., 2d.,
IJd.,
Id.
4id.,
2id.,
Id.
3d., Id.
F.<
2d.
2d.
3d.,' •
ld.»
(9/6) (5/) 3d., (5/) 2d.
[(7/6)] I 2d. I IJd.
3d., 2d.
s3d.
1/, 6d.
s3d.
s6d.
6d.,»
2d.'
s6d.,
4d., 2d.
6d.,4d.
2d.
6d.,3d
S4d.,
3d.
1/, 6d.
s3d.
s6d.
6d.,'
2d.'
s6d.,
4d.,2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
Od., 3d.
s4d.,
3d.
43
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE Hours per week
CHARGES
STAFF
(May to September)
(October to April)
Baths
Tiirliisli
Wash-
Swimming
Private
Wash-
Swimming
Private
Wash-
Part Time
Total
Total
Baths
Houses
Bath
Baths
House
Batli
Baths
House
or Juniors
Sum-
mer
Win-
ter
Daie
01--
FslAIi.
Remarks
LISH-
M KNT
Per
Ci)il-
Fe.
First
Sub5c-
Fe-
Male
Fe-
Fe-
Male
Fc-
Male
Fe.
Male
Fe-
dren
male
Hour
quent
Hour
male
male
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
26
27
2S
29
30
31
32
33
31
ze
36
37
••
46 »
78 =
»
46"
6«
14 »
«
4"
13'
4'
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
sed
sed
sed
sed'
13'
4'
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
1905
1913
1899
and
1905
•
1893
> Includes renewals and re-
pairs, towels and costumes.
- 12 hours per week reserved
for school children.
' At other times by arrange-
ment,
' Finance figures for 1915-10.
- Excludes use of towel.
^ Includes part of April and
October.
' For 1915.
- £1 per week.
^ Excludes use of towel.
' Open-sheds.
^ Reserved for children dur-
ing school hours.
^ Seasons not defined.
2/
2/
86
*
86
•
86
86
*
*
*
«
*
*
2 .
«
2
*
1
5
*
*
•
.
> Includes 4913 school
children undifferentiated.
* Excludes 54 persons using
medicated baths.
' Includes medicated bath
fees, £5.
' Includes income from pro-
perty, £209.
'- Includes charge for tele-
phone.
^ Trustees ; to be transferred
to the Corporation in 1921.
1/
1/
80
80
62
60
80
80
62
60
2
3
V
5
6
1894
' includes towels, etc.
2 Includes stores, £27.
^ Includes stores, £35.
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
2
3
5
5
Purcha-
sed 1897
' Sea-bathing included here.
= Includes towels, etc.
2/6
2/6
1
1
1
1
4
4
1907
Id.
..
60'
«
28'
84
84
..\
•
Clo
•
sed
84
84
2
*
1
3
*
1
*
•
5
«
2
4
•
1898
added to
1912
1911
' Includes 4 sprays.
2 Includes £11, soap for sale.
3 Excludes soap.
' Includes Oct. : 7 brs. Satur-
day children only, excludes
4 hrs. clubs.
s6d.,
90'
90'
90'
90'
78 >
78 «
78'
7S'
4
4
8
8
1851
' Originally included wash-
4d.,2d.
added to
1895
houses.
2 includes 2 sprays.
=* Includes alterations, £98.
* Clubs half-price.
* Seasons not defined.
74
30
99
99
60
29
84
84
5
2
■■
V
7
1898
' For superintendent's house.
= Includes proportion to dis-
trict fund, £oO.
75
13
Clo
sed
••
♦
•
*
•
*
«
*
50
14
1
^ ^ 1
1'
1
2
2
1800
' Open for winter bathers.
» Attcndanttakcs profits from
hire of towels, etc.
i
90
38
03
75
Clo
sed
«
•
9
5
14
«
1901
> Open-air.
' Includes rates and taxes.
» Well on premises.
* Towel supplied.
65'
IT
Clo
sed
••
1
1
I'.iKl
' [ncluilfs92:t:isch. children,
- Includes April.
73'
19"
Clo
sed
••
1
••
1
2
11KI7
> S under construction.
" Includes April and Oct.
. .
67*
16 «
Clo
sed
1
1
HHMl
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction and pay
Id. per child.
' Includes renewals, gas, etc
' F.xcludcs towel.
' Weekly ticket.
* lunc to September.
s2d.,
56"
14'
86
--
Clo
Sl-d
86
75
1
1
1
3
•
18U0
' includes 4 183 sch. children.
lid.
' Excludes 2 hrs. for schools.
44
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Swui.MiNG Baths
SLIPPER AND SPRAY BATHS
Name of plach
POPl'LA-
ri'iS-
Num
l>er
A
ea
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
Total
LciiKth
Breadth
Male
Female
Tolal
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male Female
i
14,7»C.
1
a
3
*
6
6
7
29,720
8
9
10
11
12
13
14 15
KENT— conitniwii
Tonbridge .
1
ft.
100
ft.
40
♦
*
..
■■
LANCASHIRE
C.B. Barrow-in-Fumess
63,770
..
1
75
30
18
10
28»
..
, ,
Blackburn ,
Freckleton St. .
Belper St.
Blakey Moor ,
Blackpool .
133,052
58,371
*
•
*
•
«
*
*
*
1
«
•
•
81
•
*
*
24
•
*
•
*
33,825
*
•
•
«
7,310
*
•
*
*
41,135
*
*
*
*
*
«
*
•
*
•
•
•
20*
•
*
•
•
*
•
«
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
3,843
* 1 *
• 1 •
• 1 •
* •
192
Bolton
180,851
5
*
•
88,581
8
8
16
•
•
3,662
22 9
High St. Baths
1
75
25
*
*
50,825
8
8
16
«
*
3,662
229
Park Bathing
Ponds .
Turkish Bath
4
72
120
99
117
72
39
36
117
37,756
••
37,756
••
••
••
•■
Swimming
Bath ' P
•
*
*
•
*
*
Bootle
Balliol Rd. Baths
Marshlane Bath
Burnley
Central Baths .
69,876
106,'322
1
1
3
1
4
2
100
60
88
54
63
30
20
20
51
24
58,219
44,791
13,428
146,813
83,769
16,948
16,948
18,071
10,871
75,167
61,739
13,428
164,884
94,640
53
29'
32
9
30
20
10
85
38
11.431
4,421
7,010
34,679
15,386
2,364
959
1,405
19,171
6,981
13,795
5,380
8,415
53,850
22,367
46,0
269
841
654 ! 599
531 776
Gannow Dist. .
.,
1
75
30
31,729
3,200
34,929
12
10
22
7.864
5,051
12,915
665 505
Bumleylane
District
Reedlev Col-
Uery, P
1
75
30
31,315
4,000
35,315
12'
30'
13
25
30
11,429
7,139
18,668
952
549
Bury '
68,648
3
75
54
53
30
18
17
•
•
44,227
..
20
•
•
7,633
37
7
Liverpool S.
746,421
1
26
1,206,237
121,141
1,327,378
246
55
324
206,043
41,359
247.402
767'
756'
Cornwallis St. .
33,000
1
3'
57
42
39
40
27
27
89,810
23,496
113,306
44
9
53
31,902
8,282
40,184
726
920
. Margaret St. .
88,000
-
67
67
34
34
82,700
7,655
90,355
19
6
26
29,125
3,882
33.007
1533
647 •
Westminster
Road .
80,000
-
62
100
3S
33
105,624
10,941
116,466
37
6
43
30,192
8,573
33,765
816 695
45
APPENDIX I
TUKKI-
H AND
RUSSIAN Baths
Total attenuanck
Attendance per looo
OF Population
WASH-HOUSES
Total
Accorii-
Swimming
Bath
Private
including
Waslievs
Date
luoda-
Bathsrs
Baths
Turkish
Acconunodation
Washers
per
OF
tion
and
Russian
btall
ESTAB-
LISH.
ME NT
REMARKS
Male
Female
Totctl
Male
Female
Tul.il
Stalls
Mangling
Ironinj^
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
29,726
23
24
26
26
27
28
29
30
*
*
2009
2009
1910
1 Education Committee pajrs
for sch. children.
7r
1915
* Excludes 14 children's
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
«
*
sprays.
> Excludes loan charges.
*
*
«
*
«
*
*
•
' Expenditure and loans.
*
»
♦
*
*
*
*
:: ' ..
•
' Includes repairs, £369.
*
*
*
*
»
*
*
:;
*
«
*
44,978
705
66 1 771
1875
* Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes water.
13
*
*
4592'
*
*
96,835
490
20
535
••
^ Includes users of medicated
baths.
2v
*
*
427
*
37,756
*
54,914
37,756
••
1902
•
^ Includes soap and cleaning.
' Site given.
* For use of water.
^ In general Parks account.
="£500 to £600 each.
* Members of park staff.
11»
•
«
4165 »
«
*
*
•
4,165
«
•
*
' Also medicated baths.
= Includes users of above.
^ Includes soap and cleaning.
• Local authorities pay £250
subsidy per annum.
1
207
126
333
69,857
19,438
89,295
107G
197 1278 1
1
207
126
333
49,419
20,438
18,033
1,405
67,452
21,843
1886
1902
' Includes rent for land, £25.
^ Seasons not defined.
^ June to September.
7
540
iis
755
182,032
37,457
219,489
1551 ] 506 2004
4v
320
110
430
99,475
17,962
117,437
1887
t In classes; instruction, soap
and towels provided.
3 Excludes 25 children's
j
baths.
39,593
8,251
47,844
j
1902
^ Includes fees for swimming
and private baths, not dif-
ferentiated.
Jv
220
105
325
42,964
11,244
54,208
••
"
1910
' Excludes 41 children's
baths.
' Sprays : arrangements for
drying and changing
clothes.
' Attendant's wage, and
water.
*
*
•
1616
*
•
53,376'
754
128
910
•
Education Committee pro*
vide instruction for sch.
children.
1 Finance Mar. to Mar.,
bathers Sept. to Sept.
• Includes rent of stable, £16.
' Includes water.
« Subscription, £4339.
' In classes.
• Spray.
' Excludes alterations, £299.
' Seasons not defined.
11
2857
26
2883
1,415,137
162,526
1,577,663
1778
331
2114
391
323,464
827
* Excludes Burroughs Gar-
den and Beacon St.
- Includes for salt-water sup-
ply to North End, £30 ;
from George's Dock site,
£52.
» Includes expenses for pro-
posed baths, £1036 ; in-
cidental expenses, £42,
and salt water supplv,
£326.
Season April to Oct. incl.
2v
372
372
122,084
31,778
153,862
3434
1218
4662
1851
» 1st CI. bath; men only.
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £80.
* Per dozen.
* For 250 tickets. Contract
ticket for use of 1st CI.
swimming and pnvate
baths, 21/ per annum.
Iv
30
3
33
111,855
11,540
123,395
1027
375
1402
1803
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, €4.
' Spray bath.
Iv
56
2
53
135,772
14,516
150,288
1456
422
1879
••
••
1877
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
H
46
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
INCOME
Bath fees
Wash-
house
Pay-
ments
Rent
FOR
PREMISE.S
MISCELLANEOU.^
Total
Receipts
Name of PLACb
POPULA.
TION
Swim-
ming
Private
Spr.iy
Turkisli
and
Rusbian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
Boing
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
Swim.
niiug
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Total
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
other
Items
Total
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
16
KENT — continued
Tonbridge .
14,79G
£
94
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
94
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
94
LANCASHIRE
C.B. Barrow-in-Furness
63,770
250
••
Blackburn .
Freckleton St. .
Belper St.
Blakey Moor .
Blackpool .
133,052
68,371
•
•
♦
442
•
*
*
158
;;
•
*
*
••
••
40
«
*
•
640
•
*
•
V
«
*
7
•
*
*
V
*
•
4
V
:
10
1,469
724
613
132
650
Bolton
180,851
••
••
*
High St. Baths
354
71
4
11
■•
7
■•
446
69
5
74
r.uu
Park Bathing
Ponds .
■•
••
1
5'
u
0
Turkish Bath
321
321
■ ■
..
321
Swimming
Bath ' P
•
• •
..
•
•
*
«
.■
•
*
*
*
•
Bootle
Balliol Rd. Baths
69,876
647
94
'17
i2
..
770
••
24
si'
56
884
825
Marshlanc Bath
Burnley
Central Baths .
106,322
8
342
49
411
*
••
«
'••
100
57
853
••
2
41
"s
2
49
59
2,156
903
Gannow Dist. .
*
*
11
67
516'
..
33
33
549
Buraleylane
District
Reedlev Col-
Uery, P
298
304
••
16
•■
9
••
33
661
*
■•
•
44
705
Bury '
68,648
365
143
105
14
••
26
642
••
44
••
18'
62
704'
Liverpool S.
746,421
••
••
V
••
••
••
••
••
12,513 =
Cornwallis St. .
33,000
1236
584
18
14
36
1887
61
.,
46'
96
1,984
. Margaret St. .
88,000
310
428
1
1
14
..
..
740
..
29
10 >
39
788
Westminster
Road .
80,000
506
426
2
••
17
950
28
,.
41'
69
1,019
47
APPENDIX I
KXPENDITDKE
DBFICIT
MET BY
Total
CHAKGEb FUR PREMISHb
BATH UPKF.EP
Miscellaneous
Total
ASSHSS-
NCOME
E.KPliNDI.
MHNT
TURK
DAT[--
OF
E^,TAK.
LISH.
MF..\T
KI-. MARKS
Rents
and
Loan
Cliarges
Rales.
Taxes,
Insur-
Re.
newals
and
Repairs
Total
Salaries
and
Wanes
Heating
and
Lightiiiff
Water
Towels
and
cos-
tumes
So.ii>
and
Clean-
ing
Total
Printing
and
Station-
cry
Other
Items
Total
17
IS
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
_27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
12
106
43
8
51
44
4
48
6
2
7
106
1910
1915
* Education Committee pays
for sch. children.
* Excludes 14 children's
sprays.
2,282 >
3,751'
3,751
' Excludes loan charges.
1,221 '
1.945'
40'
41
532 •
*
628
353
103
12
53
li49
ii
172
183
1,945'
•
* Expenditure and loans.
508'
1,121
48'
48
83
♦
548
230
87
58
927
n
15
17
1,121'
•
' Includes repairs, £369.
553'
685
*
11
44
m
286
221
45
19
571
59
59
685'
*
506
1,156
399
85
155
639
310
138'
*
38
487
20
10
30
1,156
1876
* Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes water.
«
»
••
•■
•
* Includes users of medicated
baths.
787
1,306
399
* 2
85
* t
43
2
526
252
« 2
217
199
124
84'
1
•
751
7
22
29
1,306
1902
*
* Includes soap and cleaning.
' Site given.
* For use of water.
' In (jeneral Parks account.
'£500 to £600 each.
* Members of park staff.
369
690
152
36
99
287
278
60
22
19 »
*
379
6
19
24
690
♦
* Also medicated baths.
' Includes users of above.
^ Includes soap and cleaning.
«
*
*
*
*
*
•
•
*
*
•
*
*
«
•
*
«
* Local authorities pay £250
subsidy per annum.
2,154
3,038
3,038
1,474
2,300
652
172
128
951
587
467
208
20
26
1307
38
S
4i
2,300
1886
• Includes rent for land, £25.
* Seasons not defined.
679
739
357
59
65
482
129
78
31
16
254
2
1
3
739
1902
* June to September.
2,363
4,520
,,
4,620
, ,
502
1,404
325
85
48
458
500
240
150
io
35
935
i2
iz
1,404
1887
t In classes; instruction, soap
and towels provided.
3 Excludes 25 children's
baths.
840
1,389
538
101
67
706
356
180
111
24
671
«
•
12
1,389
1902
' Includes fees for swimming
and private baths, not dif-
ferentiated.
1,021
1,726
750
143
56
949
380
209
136
.;
28
754
*
*
23
1,726
117 =
approx.
1910
• Excludes 41 children's
baths.
' Sprays : arrangements for
drying and changing
clothes.
^ .attendant's wage, and
water.
942
1,646 >
267
122
197
577
494
430'
*
83
42
1049
10
11
20
1,646."
*
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for sch.
children.
» Finance Mar. to Mar.,
bathers Sept. to Sept.
» Includes rent of stable, £16.
' Includes water.
* Subscription, £4339.
' In classes.
• Spray.
' Excludes alterations, £299.
8 Seasons not defined.
17,138
29,651
29,651 •
' Excludes Burroughs Gar-
den and Beacon St.
» Includes for salt-water sup-
ply to North End, £30 ;
from George's Dock site,
£52.
« Includes expenses for pro-
posed baths, £1036 ; in-
cidental expenses, £42,
and salt water supply.
£326.
Season April to Oct. incl.
257
2,241
191
177
368
988
666
215
10
59
1838
8
27
35
2,241
1S51
» 1st CI. bath; men only.
* Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
' Per dozen.
' For 250 tickets. Contract
ticket for use of 1st CI.
swimming and pnvate
baths, 21/ per annum.
493
1,J81
232
04
326
613
255
••
11
48
927
7
21
28
1,281
1863
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £4.
» Spi^y bath.
840
1,865
49
310
207
566
677
409
88
18
79
1271
7
21
28
1,865
1877
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
48
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
CAPITAL
Cost
KATK
Am
IN
PERCENTAGES
Scale of
OF Id.
Income
Hxpeiuliture
Revenue
S>vimming Bath
Private
Popula-
Expendi-
tion
tees
Wash.
House
Otiier
Items
Rale
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscell-
aneous
M.ilc
Female
Chil-
drcn
Male
Heniale
Salaries,
etc.
other
Items
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
11
15
16
KENT— coiiKMuei
Tonbridge .
14,700
1,024
•03
'88'7
113
48-1
41^5
3^8
0-6
88^7
(5/, 2/0)
3d., Id.
(5/, 2/6)
3d., Id.
Id."
LANCASHIRE
C.B. Barrow-in-Furness
63,770
13,750
6d., 3d.
Od., 3d.
3d., 2d.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
Blackburn .
FreckletonSt. .
Helper St.
133,052
20,529 '
♦
*
«
*
*
*
*
*
•
*
•
*
*
♦
•
«
•
*
*
*
Blakey Moor .
Blackpool .
58,371
12,420
•23
55-4
•9
43-8
55-3
20^8
15^3
2^6
56^2
Od.
6d.
(8/6)
sl/,9d.
sl/,9d.
Bolton
180,851
*
«
*
High St. Baths
Park Bathing
Ponds .
7,073 •
a
•24
342
59
603
403
19-3
38^2
2-2
39^8
(12/6)
3id.,
[2id.]
(12/6)
3*d.,
[2id.]
lJd.,F.
F.
(18/,
12/6)
6d., 4d.
(18',
12/6)
6d., 4d.
Turkish Bath
«
•11
46^5
53^5
416
40^3
14^6
35
465
Swimming
Bath ' P
*
*
*
•
*
*
*
*
*
•
*
Bootle
Balliol Rd. Baths
Marshtanc Bath
Burnley
Central Baths .
69,870
106,322
22,474
15,733
0,741
33,500
10,500
15
10
•6
1^66
•29
33-5
7^7
ob's
2'i
•3
709
641
919
523
35^8
4i'-3
65-2
32-6
•25-5
17-5
35-0
31-3
10^9
31-0
•4
'•b
29^1
35^9
8^0
47-7
643
6d!,'3d.
•2d.
6d.,
[4d.],
3d.,
[2d.]
3d.
t2d.]
6d!,'3d.
6q., 3d.
id.
Id., F.
2d.', id.,
F.t
s9d.,
6d., 3d.
s2d.
s6d.,
3d.
s9d.,
0d..3d
s2d.,.
s6d.,
3d.
Gannow Dist. .
10,500
•62
37-1
2-i
60-5
50^8
23^6
22^7
•9
395
3d.
Id., F.t
s6d.,
3d., 2d.
s6d.,
3d., 2d.
Bumleylane
District
Reedlev Col-
Uery, P
12,500
•75
38^3
2-6
592
••
55^0
22-0
217
1^3
40^8
3d.,
[2d.]
3d.
Id., F.t
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
Bury '
68,648
10,331 •
•94
390
38
57^2
35^1
300
337
1-2
42^8
(10/),
6d.,
[3d.] 3d.
(10/),
6d.,
3d.
2d., Id.,
F.'
s l/,9d.'
6d., 4d.
s l/,6d.,
4d.
Liverpool S.
746,421
236,652
■9.".2
57-8
422
••
Cornw.iUis St. .
33,000
27,1)4.'.
■U14
84-2
4-3
ll^S
164
441
379
16
88^3
(12/6)
(4/),'
6d.,-2d.
(12/6)
(4/),'
6d.
!
(10,'5) ' 6d., 4d.,
3d., 2d., 2d.
ld.,F.
6d., 4d.
2d.
. Margaret St. .
88,000
11,344
•031
58-6
3-0
38^5
254
479
24-5
22
613
2d., Id.
2d.
»d., F. 6d.,4d.,
i2d.,ld.'
6d.,4d.,
2d.
Westminster
Road .
80,000
20,204
•047
510
37
45^4
303
36-3
318
15
54^7
4d., 2d.
4d., 2d.
Id.. F. 6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d., 4d.,
2d.
49
APPENDIX I
f
AVERAGE Hours per Week
Date
OF
Estab-
lish-
ment
Remarks
(May to September)
(October to April)
■ Baths
Turkish
Balhs
Wash-
Houses
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash
House
26
Swimming'
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash
House
31
Whole Time
Part Time
or Juniors
Total
in
Sum-
mer
36
Total
in
Wui-
ter
37
Chil-
dren
17
Male
18
He-
male
19
First
Hour
20
Per
Subse
quent
Hour
21
Male
22
Fe-
male
23
Male
21
Fe-
male
2S
Male
27
Fe.
male
28
Male
29
Fe-
male
30
Male
32
Fe-
male
33
Male
34
Fe-
male
35
•
•
«
s6d.
slid.
1/
V
*
*
6d.
2/,l/3
1/
l/',6d.
1/
1/8,
1/3
l/,8d.
l/,6d.
l/,6d.
1/
V
•
•
6d.
2/.1/3
i/
v'M-
1/
1/6,
1/3
l/,6d-
l/,6d.
••
•■
74
*
«
•
83
79
86
*
86'
66'
86
72
72
87'
89
89
89
14
«
•
«
7
12
«
75'
•
14
14
87"
89
14
23
«
•
«
83
91
86
66
83
83
83
87 •
90
90
90
•
*
*
7
91
84
24
83
83
83
87 •
90
90
90
Qo
Op
«
•
•
Op
61
Closed
Gym
CIo
83
69
69
66 »
68'
CIo
CIo
sed
en
•
•
•
en
7
*
nasia'
sed
V
14
14
06'
Closed
sed
>ed
V
*
•
*
68
86
66
80
80
80
66'
73
73
73 i
*
*
*
•
08
84
24
SO
80
80
66'
73
73
73
1
5
•
*
•
4
3
3
•
6
«
5
4
5
4
9
S
3
*
*
•
5
3
«
4
*
4
2
2
3
S
6
7
1
•
•
*
•
2
•
2
2
2
•
•
•
•
«
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
8
*
*
•
9
6
. _4
4
*
12
2
12
10
11
•■
7
IS
(
12
15
8
•
«
•
9
5
4
*
*
2
12
10
11
7
12
7
9
1910
1915
«
•
*
1875
1902
*
*
«
188*6
1902
1887
1902
1910
•
1851
1863
1877
* Education Committee pays
for sch. children.
* Excludes 14 children's
sprays.
' Excludes loan charges.
' Expenditure and loans.
' Includes repairs, £369.
* Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes water.
* Includes users of medicated
baths.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
' Site given.
* For use of water.
2 In general Parks account.
'£500 to £600 each.
* Members of park staff.
' Also medicated baths.
' Includes users of above.
^ Includes soap and cleaning.
' Local authorities pay £250
subsidy per annum.
» Includes rent for land, £25,
' Seasons not defined.
* June to September.
t In classes ;instruction,soap
and towels provided.
' Excludes 25 children's
baths.
* Includes fees for swimming
and private baths, not dif-
ferentiated.
' Excludes 41 children's
baths.
* Sprays : arrangements for
drying and changing
clothes.
* Attendant's wage, and
water.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for sch.
children.
* Finance Mar. to Mar.,
bathers Sept. to Sept.
» Includes rent of sUble, £16.
' Includes water.
* Subscription, £4339.
» In classes.
< Spray.
' Excludes alterations, £299.
* Seasons not dcBned.
» Excludes Burroughs Gar-
den and Beacon St.
* Includes for salt-water sup-
ply to North End, £30 ;
from George's Dock site,
£62.
' Includes expenses for pro-
posed baths, £1036 : in-
cidental expenses, £42.
and salt water supply,
£326.
Season April to Oct. incl.
» 1st CI. bath ; men only.
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £80.
» Per dozen.
* For 250 rickets. Contract
ticket for use of 1st CI.
swimming and pnvatc
baths, 21/ per annum.
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £4.
' Spray bath.
Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
I
50
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
1
S\V1M.\|ING BATHS
Slipper and Spray baths
Name of place
POPULA-
TION
Number
A
tea
Bathers
Number
Bathers
B.ithers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadth
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1'
3
3
4
E
85,697
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
IB
LANCASHIRE.— «)nim««i
Liverpool. — cont.
Stehle Street .
78,000
2
ft.
52
51
ft.
38
38
6,595
92,292
36
4
40
23,441
6,415
29,856
651
1604
Lodge Lane .
7.1,000
2
75
64
32
30
73,478
7,283
80,701
31
4
35
28,112
7,390
35,502
907
1847
Burroughs Gdn.
103,000
2
59
31"
28
13 >
64,219
3,286
67,505
23
8
37 »
21,744
4,122
25,800
09
9
Lister Drive .
31,000
2
60
75
30
35
73,170
10,122
83,292
16
4
20 »
6,187
949
7,136
387
237
Picton Road .
29,000
2
50
75
27
35
47,734
11,693
59,427
20
6
26 »
8,024
2,083
10,107
401
347
Speke Road .
Queen's Drive
15,000
37,000
2
3
67
75
67
75
75 >
27
35
30
35
35'
34,843
80,615
10,067
21,255
44,910
101,870
10
9
5
2
16'
11'
4,830
8,432
1,411
782
6,241
9,214
483
937
282
391
Woolton Baths'
1
60
25
6
Beacon Street
58,000
••
1
1
19'
14,054
2,470
16,524
87
0
Burlington St. '
Gore Street > » .
Green Lane ' .
MansfieUSl."
55,000
29,000
31,000
73,000
1
1
1
1
75
75
73
75
60
50
45
30
91,881
157,181
.82,388
136,997
8,748
91,881
157,181
82,388
145,745
••
Frederick St.
Wash-house
21,000
•■
••
••
Old Swan
Wash-house
15,000
.
••
Netherfield Rd.
Wish-house
32,000
•■
•■
Manchester
714,333
8
33
1,126,708
283,896
1,410,604
429"
217 >
742
319,838
197,317
517,166
659'
870 •
51
APPENDIX I
TURKIC
H AND KL-SSIAN BATHS
TOTAL ATTRNDANCE
ATTP.NDA.NCE PER lOOO
OF Population
Wash.hou
3ES
Accom-
moda-
tion
Bathers
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Total
includme
Turkish
and
Russian
Accommodation
Washers
Washers
Stall
DATE
OF
ESTAB.
LISH-
MENT
RF-.MARKS
Male
Female 1 Total
Male Female
Total
stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
17
IS 19
20 21
22
23
24
25
2e
27
28
29
30
••
••
109,138
13,010
122,148
1183
383
1666
80
+
+
76,848
961
1874
' Includes rent, £5.
101,590
146,73
116,263
1077
473
1550
54
-
-
67,969
1259
1878
' Includes rent, £5.
85,963
7,408
93,371
655
2S1
907
117
+
+
78,409
670
1870
' One for children only.
= Includes 6 1st CI. used by
raen and women
' Heating water for Burling-
ton St. Baths, £75, rent of
superintendent's house ,£30.
3v
78
1 79
79,435
11,072
90.507
2687
230
2920
1904
t Used by sch. children only.
1 Includes 11 sprays.
2 Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
2r
2245
19 ' 2264
58,003
13,795
71,798
2049
349
2476
1906
> Includes 6 sprays.
* Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
Iv
33
1 34
39,706 11,479
51,185
2991
416
3412
1907
' Includes 7 sprays.
Iv
43
43
89,090| 22,037
111,127
2753
249
3003
1909
' Open air.
* Includes 4 sprays.
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
[ ..
••
1893
■ Not included in Liverpool
.,
14.034| 2,470
16.524
285
285
..
1902
in 1913.
' Includes 17 sprays.
" Rent of superintendent's
house.
' Spray bath.
* For boys under 15.
' For children under 15.
91,881 ..
91,881
1895
' Gymnasium also provided.
157,181' ..
157,181
..
1898
* Towel provided.
82,388
82,388
..
1899
* Seasons not defined.
• •"
136,997 8,748
143,745
■•
.*
..
i.sim
• Disinfecting apparatus for
clothing supplied byHealth
Committee.
60
17,292
288
184a ■
' For washing towels for
Municipal and other offices.
. ,
, ,
, ,
40
40
+
+
+
+
20,840
62,106
521
l.'-i52
1905
1911
60'
11,475
2037
14,112
1.458,021
483,850
1,941,871
1975
724
2718
183
+
J.
127,876
099
.Admission, towel and tui-
1
tion free to sch. children in
class, and during summer
hoUdays.
' 45 Turkish, 15 Vapour.
■ Excls. Gorton, Cneetham,
MossSide, Withington.and
trough-bathing at Slilcs
Platting.
t Soap, cleaning and stores
included under B. 26.
' Incl. land purchase, £100,
* Includes additional rate on
Withington, £700, capital
expenditure paid out of
—
1
revenue.
B
52
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
LANCASHIRE cotUinued
Liverpool. — cont.
Steble Street .
Lodge Lane .
Burroughs Gdn,
Lister Drive .
Picton Road .
Speke Road .
Queen's Drive
Woolton Baths'
Beacon Street
Burlin^on St. '
Gore Street ' * .
Green Lane ' .
Mansfield Si.' =
Frederick St.
Wash-house
Old Swao
Wash-house
Netherfield Rd.
Wash-house
Manchester
Popula-
tion
Swim-
ming
75,000
103,000
£
290
376
204
31,000 ^''^
29,000 ' ■''"'
187
15,000
37,000
58,000
55,000
29,000
31,000
73,000
21,000
16,000
32,000
714,333
505
£
345
431
280
87
97
65
106
Spray
27
Turkish
anti
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
3
105
1
2
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
£
11
13
23
15
12
8
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
38 ■
£
646
821
486
595
532
267
623
48
Wash.
House
Pay-
ments
RENT
FOR
Premises
558 304
737
153
602
£
19
24
20
21
17
18
680 30
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
34 «
35 »
5
169'
18
169
TOTAL
RECEIPTS
53
APPENDIX I
E
XPEKDirnBE
Deficit
MET BY
TOTAL
CHARGES FOR PREM
SI- -.
BAIH L"."KEhP
Miscellaneous
TOTAL
ASSESS.
MENT
INCOME
EXPENUI-
VURE
DATE
OF
ESTAB-
RH.MARKS
LISH-
.MENT
Rents
Rates,
Re-
S llri
Heating
and
Litjliting
Towels
Soap
Printing
and
Loan
Charges
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
newals
anil
Repairs
Total
and
Wajes
Water
and
Cos-
tumes
and
Clean.
ing
Total
and
Station-
ery
other
Items
Tot.-il
17
18
19
20
21
23
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
627
1,969
180
74
145
399
730
760
4
44
1538
16
16
32
1.969
1874
' Includes rent, £.'i.
831
2,547
203
120
413
736
796
857
••
16
HI
1780
15
16
31
2,547
1878
' Includes tent, £5.
1,040
2,393
173
184
129
486
807
981
31
9
49
1877
15
15
30
2,393
1879
' One for children only.
= Includes 6 1st CI. used by
men and women
' Heating water for Burling-
ton St. Baths, £75, rent of
superintendent's house,£30.
2,202
2,852
1388
455
110
1953
551
291
6
27
875
5
19
24
2,852
1904
t Used by sch. children only.
^ Includes 11 sprays.
^ Includes rent of superin-
2,000
3,184
1682
434
57
2173
636
323
5
26
990
5
16
21
3,184
1906
tendent's house, £30.
• Includes 6 sprays.
" Includes rent of superin-
1,738
2,242
991
293
85
1369
.'•,77
251
6
14
848
7
18
25
2,242
1907
tendent's house, £30.
' Includes 7 sprays.
2,273
3.644
1561
454
257
2272
783
440
4
21
67
1315
9
48
57
3,644
1909
1S93
' Open air.
= Includes 4 sprays.
^ Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
^ Not included in Liverpool
480
546
228
63
9
300
185
39
9
233
1
12
13
54G
1902
in 1913.
* Includes 17 sprays.
- Rent of superintendent's
house.
' Spray bath.
' For boys under 15.
345
345
66
35
39
140
93
76
7
176
29
29
345
' For children under 15.
293
293
116
39
8
163
94
28
8
130
293
1895
' G>Tnnasium also pro\'ide(i.
213
213
50
27
38
115
92
2
4
98
213
1898
* Towel provided.
348
386
179
58
5
242
128
9
7
144
386
1899
1899
' Seasons not delined.
« Disinfecting apparatus for
clothing supphed byHealth
278
COO
27
32
59
341
182
13
536
5
5
600
1842
Committee.
' For washing towels for
Municipaland other ofiBces.
490
678
263
73
12
348
195
112
•■
■•
9
316
1
13
14
078
1903
^
462
968
299
98
37
434
303
205
••
••
7
515
11
8
19
988
1911
35,623
49,048
•
t
49,048"
.Admission, towel and ttli-
tion free to sch. children in
class, and during summer
holidays.
' 43 Turkish, 15 Vapour.
* Kxcls. Gorton, Cneethazn,
Moss Side, Withington, and
trough-bathing at Miles
Platting.
t Soap, cleaning and stores
included under B. 26.
' Incl. land purch.ise, £100.
* Includes additional rate on
Withington, £700, capital
expenditure paid out of
revenue.
54
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
LANCASHIRE.— conttnued
Liverpool. — cont.
Steble Street .
Lodge Lane .
CAPITAL
Cost
POPULA-
TION
Burroughs Gdn,
Lister Drive .
Pictou Road ,
Speke Road .
Queen's Drive
Woolton Baths'
Beacon Street
Burtington St
Gore Street ' '
Green Lane '
Mansfield SI.' '
Frederick St.
Wash-house
Old Swan
Wash-house
Netherficld Rd.
Wash-house
78,000
75,000
103,000
31,000
29,000
15,000
37,000
£
20,055
22,307
28,256
24,704
58,000
unknown
4,032
65,000
29,000
31,000
73,000
21,000
15,000
099
1,947
1,000
2,932
3,549
RATE
AID
IN
Terms
OF 1(1.
•035
•040
•122
•144
•097
•120
PERCENTAGE
Bath
Fees
32^2
203
20-9
10-7
11-9
171
Wash-
Hoiise
30-(
■019
•016
•012
■019
32,000 *■-"'
393,111
1 97'
25-5
27-7
51-9
Other
Items
1^9
1-6
10^6
205
3-3
28-2
Rate
Aid
Hxpendillire
Chrirge
for
Premises
31-8
326 28^9
77-2
81-7
77-5
624
20^3
68^5
68^2
61-1
623
100 0
1000
1000
90 2
46-3
72^3
47-7
72-4
405
55^6
540
62-7
513
19-3
20^0
25-7
21-6
338
270
32-1
43-2
33-2
Other
Items
41^0
38-0
11 '4
111
121
146
241
12-3
32>5
17-8
Miscell-
atieuus
1-6
1-3
•8
■7
1^1
1-6
2-4
8^4
2^1
Expendi-
ture
68^2
56-5
22^8
183
22-5
376
121
Swimming Bath
53-7
27-7
52-3
27-6
4d., 2d
4d.,,2d.
2d.
4d., 2d,
4d.,2a,
4d., 2d.
4d.,2d,
4d.,2d,
4d., 2d.
4d.,2d.
4d., 2d.
4d., 2d.
4d., 2d.
4d.,2d.
2d.,ld.,6d.,4d.
id., F. I 2d.
2d.,Jd.,
F.
Chil-
dren
Id., F.
Jd..F.
6d., 4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.
2d.
6d., 4d.
2d.
2d.,ld.,6d.,4d.
id., F. ' 2d.
jd.,F. ,6d.,4d.
2d.
0d.,4d.,
2d.
6d., 4d,
2d., Id.'
F.«
F.«
F.'
F.«
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d., 4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d., 4d.,
2d.
6d., 4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d., 4d.,
2d.,ld.«
55
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
(May to September)
Chil-
dren
Turkish
Baths
Fe-
male
Wnsh-
Houses
Swim II ling
Bath
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
Id.
Id.
Id.
»'
l/,6d
l/,6d.
l/,6d,
il/,6d
1/
l/,6d.
l/,6d.
l/,6d.
2nd,
2d.
3rd,
3d.
4th,
etc.,
4d.
2nd,
2d.
3rd,
3d.
4th,
etc.,
4d.
2nd,
2d.
3rd,
3d.
4th,
etc.,
4d.
Id.
Id.
Id.
2nd,
2d.,
3rd,
3d.
4th
etc.,
4d.
2nd,
2d.
3rd,
3d.
4th,
etc.,
4d.
2nd,
2d.
3rd,
3d.
4th,
etc.,
4d.
89
89
89
Fe-
male
Private
Baths
9(1
15 90
90
27 90
57 90
53 90
57 90
90
90
12'
Fe-
male
Wash.
House
50
90 50
90 I .50
90
90
90
90
29
90
50
SO
(October to April)
Swimming
Bath
Clo
sed
(1)H
(2) CI
Clo
(l)Op
(2)H
(1)&
Clo
Private
Baths
Fe.
male
all
osed
73
73
sed
all
(3)
sed
(2) Hiall
I
Clo sed
Closed '
Closed
73
Clos
73
closed,' ..
Clo sed '
Fe-
male
73
73
73
73
73
ed
73
Wash.
House
50
50
50
50
Fe-
male
Part Time
or Juniors
10
Fe-
male
Total
in
Win.
19
17
Estab-
lish-
ment
1879
1904
1906
1907
1909
1893
1D02
1895
1S9S
1899
lS'.t9
' Includes rent, Ju>.
Includes rent, £5.
* One for children only.
- Includes 6 1st CI. used by
men and women
' Heating water for Burling-
ton St. Baths, £75, rent of
superintendent's house ,£30.
t Used by sch. children only.
* Includes 11 sprays.
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
' Includes 6 sprays.
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
' Includes 7 sprays.
* Open air.
' Includes 4 sprays.
= Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £30.
* Not included in Liverpool
in 1913.
' Includes 17 sprays.
' Rent of superintendent's
house.
' Spray bath.
* For boys under 15.
' For children under 15.
^ Gymnasium also provided.
* Towel provided.
* Seasons not defined.
* Disinfecting apparatus for
clothing supplied byHealth
Committee.
' For washing towels for
Municipal and other offices.
.\dmission, towel and tui-
tion free to sch. children in
class, and during summer
li olid ays.
45 Turkish, 15 Vapour.
* Ficls. Gorton, Cbectham,
Moss Side, Withington, and
trough -bathing at 51iJes
Platting.
t Soap, cleaning and stores
iicludcd under B. 26.
» Incl. land purchase, £100.
* Includes additional rate on
Withington, £700, capital
expenditure paid out of
revenue.
56
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Plao:
LANCASHIRE.— con/imwd
Manchester. — cont.
Mayfield .
Leaf St.
80,107
New Islington
Osborne St. .
Newton Heath
Gorton .
Whitworth .
Red Bank
Cbeetbam
Moss Side
Victoria Baths
Bradford Baths 60,C17
SwiMMiNt; Baths
Number Area
Females
only
48,530
44,089
8fl,077
32,866
22,697
37,256
Harpurhey
Withington * .
Pryme St.
Miles Platting
62,807
59,032
80,107
Total Length
ft.
ft.
6»
24
65
30
75
26
75
26
70
28
91
lOB
44
100
117
67
46
76
30
30
14
26
28
22
24
24
75 25
eO 26
59
75
35
75
24
30
17
26
24
30
40
36
30
25
30
25
25
SO
26
25
21
74,099
148,131
70,082
111,641
66,607
82,901
67,394
20,842
56,420
48,611
123,462
85,127
83,765
8,968
24,999
21,700
28,888
15,655
13,447
13,702
5,177
15,652
9,722
40,435
33,736
32,733
8,3057
173,130
91,782
140,629
81,162
96,348
SLIPPRR AND SPKAY BATHS
44,726 192,92
26,019
70,972
68,233
163,897
118,863
116,498
64,018
Male
Female
S
9
39
21
61
17
46
17
60
16
20
6
14 22
12
23
18
18
14'
12
68
68
26
16
36
29
20
62
66
66
28
24
26,191
40,410
21,669
76 27,843
10,980
14,692
20,946
17,668
16,199
4,834
12,362 1,307
16,990
18,685
11,460
5,765
22,698
26,919
13,905
2,853
26,907
17,927
40,883
61,356
39,317
Bathers per
Bath oi Spray
792
471
43,542 ; 456
15,814 649
13,669 85
1232
1012
806
2,476 19,465 | 1214 j 112
13,387
8,632
9,994
32,072 1099 1 110
12,848
64
6,267
19
31,230
582
50,434
573
23,899
290
3,322'
11
371
1306
17,780
56,009 2242
35,707'! 946'
2342
67
APPENDIX I
Turkish and Russian Baths
Total attendance
Attendance per 1000
OF population
Wash-houses
Total
Accom-
moda-
Batliers
Swimminef
Bath
Private
Baths
including
Turkish
Accommodation
Washers
Washers
i"n
Date
OE
tion
and
estab-
REMARKS
Russian
lish-
ment
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Iv
115
115
100,405
23,650
124,055
2035
1002
3040
1856
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£19, telephone, £11.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £188, (0-6%).
15t.'
4,872
808
5,080
193,413
46,753
240,166
2161
766
2998
1
1860
* Also 2 vapour baths.
* Includes bath hire.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£13 ; telephone, £10.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £249,(7-0%).
* Turlsish.
Iv
127
127
91,868
39,358
131,226
2035
872
2910
20
+
+
13,030
651
1880
' Rent, £33 ; heating and
Ughting hall, £30.
' Includes cartage of cinders.
£19 ; telephone, £10.
3 Includes proportion of gene-
eral expenses, £174 (7-0%).
* Includes cost of public haJl. ,
3v
349
349
139,333
45,087
184,420
2896
897
3800
1883
' Incl. cartage of cinders,£13- ,
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £193 (7-4%).
IV
36
36
76,623
95,253
20,389
14,754
97,012
110,007
1841
1082
359
153
2200
1235
■•
Acquired
1891
1890
' Includes cartage of cinders
£8 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £101 (6-1%).
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£6; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £119 (7-1%).
8t>
2,394
566
2,960
86,778
39,527
16,743
18,564
103,521
58,091
2469
1146
592
1413
3151
2559
1890
1896
' Also 2 vapour baths.
* Includes cartage of cinders,
£3; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £125 (8-3%).
' Turkish.
' Includes cartage of cinders.
£7 : telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £79 (6-1%).
. .
66,880
16,940
83,820
2112
382
2495
•-
••
■•
1904
' Includes rents, £96.
' Includes cartage of cinders.
£5 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £98 (4-6%).
« Includes cost of public hall.
54,276
10,224
64,500
1563
168
1731
Acquired
1906
' Includes caruge of cinders,
£1 ; telephone, £9.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £62 (3-9%).
' 12 baths only.
22t
3,406
1237
4,643
149,566
50,204
199,770
1673
319
2039
1906
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£3 ; telephone, £10.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £265 (3-5%).
112,046
57,251
169,297
1961
832
2793
38
+
+
24,540
646
1909
» Chief rent.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£16 ; telephone, £9.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £238 (4-0%).
JV
176
26
202
97,846
47,579
42,753
19,761
140,599
67,340'
1855
1084
381
56
2239
1141
40
-r
+
26,961
674
1910
1913
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£6 : telephone, £11.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral expetiscs, £219 (3-8%) .
' Open for 11 months only.
» Includes caruge of cinders,
£6; telephone, £10 ; open-
ing expenses, £45.
» Indudes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £78 (2-9%).
* Includes £700 paid out of
revenue.
26,907
28,102
55,009
687
687
20
-*-
+
24,470
1224
1904
• Includes cirtage of cinders,
£9 ; telephone. £8.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expcns<.5, £72 (41%).
17,927
17,780
35,707
810
810
84
■f
+
19,644
578
19U
* .'Mso children's wash baths.
• Includes 9630 children using
1
troughs.
' Exclusive of above.
1
• Includes cartajje of cindeis,
£13 ; telephone, £12.
' Indudes rroportion of gen-
1
eral expenses, £61 (81%).
58
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
1
INCOME
BATH FEES
Wash-
house
Pay-
Rent
FOR
PREMISES
MISCELLANEOUS
Total
Receipts
Name of place
POPULA-
TION
ments
Swim*
ming
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not i&-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas.
etc.
Swim-
miilE
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Total
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
other
Items
Total
LANCASHIRE.— «)«/<>ii«rf
Manchester. — cont.
Mayfield . .
U
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
40.807
£
284
£
375
£
£
4
£
£
£
£
£
663
£
£
£
£
£
2
£
2
£
G05
Leaf St.
80,107
512
581
••
271
••
1363
..
2*
2>
13G6
New Islington
4S,092
234
309
••
4
2
550
323
..
63'
63
936
Osborne St. .
48,630
344
361
8
3
715
715
Newton Heath
44,08S
219
138 ' ..
I
1
2
••
360
"
360
Gorton ,
89,077
324
137
3
464
••
••
••
••
464
VVhitworth .
32,866
259
195
148
4
••
606
••
••
G06
Red Bank
22,697
40
209
..
249
..
..
..
249
Cbeetham
33,698
276
131
..
•■
3
•■
410
••
■•
•■
127 >
127
537
Moss Side
37,256
215
63 ' ..
••
6
••
283
■•
••
•■
••
••
283
Victoria Batbs
97,967
1319
376
■ ■
363
61
..
..
2108
..
.■
■ •
2108
Bradford Baths
60,617
371
426
••
1
•■
•■
798
679
••
94>
94
1471
Harpurhey
62,807
387
218
6
8
..
619
630
••
••
1249
Withington' .
59,032
467
39
••
1
••
498
■•
••
498
Pryme St. .
80,107
,,
229
..
229
499
..
. ,
728
Miles Platting
•
44,089
175
175
461
637
59
APPENDIX I
EXPENDITURE
DEFICIT
M ET BY
Total
Income
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
BATH Upkeep
MISCELLANEOUS
Total
ASSESS-
EXPENDI.
MENT
Rents
Rates,
Re-
Heating
and
Lighting
Towels
Soap
Printing
TURE
Date
OF
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
Remarks
and
Loan
Taxes,
Insur-
newals
and
Total
ami
Wages
Water
and
Cos.
and
Clean-
Total
and
Station-
Other
Items
Total
Charges
ance
Repairs
tunics
ing
ery
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
2«
2S
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
2,185
2,850
253
207
175
635
969
632
251
128
•
1980
14
33'
47
2,850 '
1856
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£19, telephone, £11.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £188, (0'6yo)
2,205
3,571
862
214
218
1293
1011
636
185
154
•
1987
14
27 >
41
3,571'
1S60
' Also 2 vapour baths.
' Includes bath hire.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£13 i telephone, £10.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral e3ipenses,£249,(7-0%).
' Turkish.
1,554
2,491
68
157
257
482
838
628
225
99
•
1791
13
31 >
44
2,491"
1S80
' Rent, £33 ; heating and
lighting hall, £30.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£19 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gene-
eral expenses, £174 (7-0%).
• Includes cost of pubhc hall.
1,898
2,614
698
196
110
904
786
440
141
118
«
1485
13
19'
32
2,614*
1383
' Incl. cartage of cinders,£13.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £193 (7-4%) .
1,297
1,657
405
118
168
690
407
308
75
51
*
841
4
21'
25
1,657 •
Acquired
1891
' Includes cartage of cinders
£8 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £101 (6-1%).
1,205
1,669
392
155
61
608
497
264
69
88
•
917
6
19 >
25
1,669 =
1890
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£6 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £119 (7-1%).
896
1,503
151
110
74
335
570
310
67
83
•
1020
6
16'
22
1,503'
1890
• .Also 2 vapour baths.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£3 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £125 (8-3%).
' Turkish.
1,050
1,298
361
103
24
487
383
208
71
45
«
706
7
19'
26
1,298'
1896
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£7 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £79 (6-1%).
1,578
2,114
799
189
101
1090
435
316
93
50
*
893
7
26'
33
2,114'
1904
' Includes rents, £96.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£5 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £98 (4-6%).
' Includes cost of public hall.
1,288
1,572
806
110
40
956
235
164
90
43
•
532
8
13'
22
1,572'
Acquired
1906
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£1 ; telephone, £9.
' includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £62 (3-9%).
' 12 baths only.
5,492
7,600
3750
516
288
4553
1278
947
295
219
*
2739
16
28'
42
7,600 •
1906
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£3 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £365 (3-5%).
4,422
5,893
2613
357
302
3272
1182
793
235
128
•
2338
19
26 =
45
5,893'
1909
' Chief rent.
' Includes cartage of cinden,
£16 ; telephone, £9.
' Intrudes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £23S (4-0%).
4,526
5,775
2486
374
336
3195
1140
783
260
138
•
2322
18
21'
39
5,775'
1910
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£6; telephone, £11.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £219 (3.8%).
2,093
2,591
1044
201
374
1619
331
237
93
128
«
789
32
74'
106
2,591'
1913
' Open for 11 months only.
' Includes carugc of cinders,
£6 ; telephone, £10 ; open-
ing expenses, £45.
■ Includes propoition of gen-
eral expenses, £76 {2-9%).
' Includes £700 paid out of
revenue.
1,015
1,743
459
86
172
716
346
361
140
76
•
923
11
20'
31
1,743'
1904
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£9 ; telephone, £8.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £72 (41%).
1,305
1,942
056
166
87
910
334
386
1S8
57
«
935
7
29*
36
1,942'
1011
' ,Mso children's wash baths.
* Includes 9630 children using
troughs.
* Exclusive of above,
' Includes cartage of dndexs,
£13 ; telephone, £12.
' Includes proportion of gen-
—
eral expenses, £61 (81%),
1
60
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of pl.ace
LANCASHIRE.— wm/tnuoi
Manchester. — coni-
Mayfield .
Leaf St.
New Islington
Osbome St. .
Newton Heath
Gorton .
Whitworth
Red Bank
Cheetham
Moss Side
Victoria Baths
Bradford Baths
Harpurhey
WithiagtoD ' .
Pryme St.
Miles Platting
POPULA.
TION
80,107
4fi,092
48,530
44,089
32,856
22,697
33,598
97,967
60,617
59,032
80,107
44,089
Capital
Cost
Rate
AID
IN
Percentages
Scale of
OF Id.
-
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming Bath
Private
Expendi-
Bath
Fees
Wash.
House
Other
Items
Kate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscell-
aneous
Male
Female
Chil-
dren
Salaries
elc.
Other
Items
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
•1
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
11
U
16
£
:M,ij60
•12
233
76-7
22-3
340
35-5
16
233
4d.[2d.]4d.[2d.]i2d.,ld.,
2d.[ld.];2d.[ld.] id.,F.
Id. ' Id.
4d., 2d.,
Id.
4d., 2d.,
Id.
33,243
•12
38-2
•X'
61-7
36-2
28-3
27-3
11
383
4d.[2d. ;4d.[2d.]
2d.[ld.]'2d.[ld.
Id. Id.
2d., Id.,
id.,F.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
Id., 2d.,
Id.
43,008'
•08
22^1
130
2^5
62-4
193
336
383
18
37^6
4d.[2d.]4d.[2d.]
2d. [Id.] 2d. [Id.]
2d., Id.,
id.,F.
4d., 2d.,
Id.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
30,994
7,824
•10
•07
27^4
217
72-6
78^3
34^6
41-6
30-1
24-6
26^7
26-2
12
15
27^4
21-7
4d. 2d.]4d.[2d. 2d., Id.,
2d. Id.] 2d. rid. lid.,F.
Id. ! Id. 1
4d.[2d.]4d.[2d.]!2d.,ld.,
2d. [Id.] 2d. [Id.] Jd., F.
Id. 1 Id.
4d., 2d.,
Id.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
4d., 2d.,
Id.
4d., 2d.,
Id.
5,999
■07
27^8
722
36-4
29^8
252
15
27^8
4d.[2d.]4d.[2d.]
2d. [Id.] 2u. [Id.]
2d., Id.,
id., F.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
4d.,2d.
Id.
16,922
•05
403
596
22-3
379
299
15
403
4d.[2d.]
2d. [Id.]
Id.
4d.[2d.1
2d. [Id.]
Id.
2d., Id.,
id..F
4d.,2d.,
Id.
4d., 2d.,
Id.
8,334
•06
192
809
37-5
295
24-9
20
192
3d.,
lid..
Id.
Id.
id., F.
3d., 2d.,
IJd.,
Id.
3d., 2d.,
lid..
Id.
[ 13,591'
■OS
19^4
60
746
51-6
20-6
21-7
1-6
25^4
4d. [2d.
2d. [Id.'
Id.
4d.[2d.]
2d. [Id.]
Id.
2d., Id.,
ld.,F.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
4d., 2d.
13,010
1
•07
18-0
81^9
608
14^9
18'9
1-4
18^0
4d. 2d.]
2d. [Id.]
Id.
4d.[2d.]
2d. [Id.'
Id.
2d., Id.,
id.,F.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
4d., 2d.,
\ 59,939
•30
27^7
72-3
599
168
192
•6
277
6d.[3d.]6d. 3d.]
2d. [Id.], 2d. [Id.;
3d., Id.
4d.,2d.
4d.,2d.
42,515
■24
135
9-8
16
750
55-5
201
196
■7
250
4d.[2d.]
2d. [Id.]
Id.
4d.[2d.]
2d. [Id.'
la.
2d., Id.,
id.,F.
4d., 2d.,
Id.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
39,495
•25
10^7
109
78^4
55-3
197
20^5
•7
216
4d.[2d.]
2d,ld.]
4d.[2d.]
2d,ld.]
2d., Id.,
4d.,F.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
4d.,2d.,
Id.
17,426'
■11
192
80^8
62-5
128
177
41
192
6d. 3d.
4d. 2d.
2d. [Id.
6d. 3d.]
4d. 2d.^
2d. Id.'
3d., 2d.
Id., id
4d.,2d.
4d., 2d.
8,133
•05
131
28-6
58-2
401
109
33-1
1-8
41^8
Id.
Id.
10,377
■08
90
; 237
67-2
469
17-2
SO-9
1-9
328
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
61
APPENDIX I
Turkish
Baths
8d.,
6d.
1/.'
8d.,
6d.
8d.,
6d.
Wash.
Houses
Fe- First
male Hour
8d.,
6d. I
1/,'
8d.,
6d.
8d., I 2d.
6d. 1
.s.L, sd.,
(id. 6d.
Per
Subse.
quetit
Hour
2d.
8d.,
6d.
1/,'
8d.
1/,*
8d.
1/8
8d.,
6d.
1/6,
1/
2d.
2d.
8d., , 2d. 2d.
6d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
Average hours per week
(May to September)
Swiiimiing
Hath
91
76
91
91
Fe-
male
76 30
15
15
88
91 88
Private
Baths
76
91
76
91
91
91
91
Fe-
male
88
22'
88
88
88
88
Wash
House
67
67
67
(October to April)
Swimming
Batll -
Private
Baths
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
27
28
29
30
70
70
70
70
7U
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
58
12
70
70
58
12
58
12
58
12
58
12
58
12
70
70
58
12
58
12
52
18
70
18"
75
74
75
74
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
■■
70
70
Wash
House
Fe-
male
Part Time
or Juniors
* «
Fe-
male
Total Total
in in
Sum- Will-
mcr
ESTAB-
LLSH-
MBNT
1880
Acquired
1891
1890
Acquired
1906
1906
1909
1913
1911
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£19, telephoae, £11.
" Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £183, (6'6%).
* Also 2 vapour baths.
* Includes bath hire.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£13 ; telephone, £10.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £249,(7-0%).
' Turkish.
' Rent, £33 ; heating and
lighting hall, £30.
" Includes cartage of cinders,
£19 ; telephone, £10.
^ Includes proportion of gene-
eral expenses, £174 (7-0%).
* Includes cost of public hall.
^ Incl. cartage of cinders,£13.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £193 {7-4%).
* Includes cartage of cinders
£8; telephone, £10.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £101 (6'1%).
^ Includes cartage of cinders,
£6 ; telephone, £10.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £119 (7-1%).
' Also 2 vapour baths.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£3 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £125 {8-3%).
* Turkish.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£7 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £79 (6-1%).
' Includes rents, £96.
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£5 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £98 (4-6%).
* Includes cost of public hall.
^ Includes cartage of cinders,
£1 ; telephone, £9.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £62 (3-9%).
' 12 baths only.
* Includes cartage of cinders,
£3 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £265 (3-5%).
' Chief rent.
^ Includes cartage of cinders,
£16 ; telephone. £9.
Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £238 (4-0%).
Includes cartage o( cinders,
£6 ; telephone, £11.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses. £219 (3-8%).
Open for 11 months only.
* Includes cartage of cinders,
£6; telephone, £10 ; open-
ing expenses, £45.
' Indudes propKJition of gen-
eral expenses, £76 (2-9%).
* Includes £700 paid out of
revenue.
Includes cartage of cinders.
£9 ; telephone. £8.
' Includf's proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £72 (41%).
' Also children's wash batbs.
* Includes 9630 children using
troughs.
■ Exclusive of above.
* Includes cartage of cinders,
£13; telephone. £12.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £61 (3'1%).
62
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING Baths
SLIPPER AND SPKAV BATHS
Namil of place
POPULA-
TION
Nunilier
Area
B.ithers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadth
Male
l-euiale
Total
iMale
Female
Tolal
■
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
ft.
4
ft.
B
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
LANCASHIRE— to,i/.»u«i
Manchester — cont
ArmitageSt. .
SU,077
22
20
42
16,794
15,537
32,331
763
777
Levenshulme
(Site) 1
New Quay St.
(Site)
Philip's Park .
Oldham, S.
147,483
V
9
200
70
45,000
*
*
45,000
*
233
*
*
♦
*
«
Central Baths J
3
64
45
39
37
18
18
45,696
7,987
53,683
35
14
49
17,919
5,933
23,862
512
424
Walerhead
Baths t
60
26
21,452
4,091
26,143
12
7
19
8,374
5,632
14,006
698
805
Robin Hill % '
75
29
27,819
4,879
32,698
36
11,906
9,470
21,376
59
4
HoUinwood t .
60
20
«
*
*
12
7
19
•
*
«
«
*
Hatherehaw X
75
30
18,974
2,118
21,092
19
10
34
7,744
6,432
14,176
408
429
Glodwick t
76
30
21,329
3,989
25,318
17
21
38
10,018
8,605
18,623
589
410
Lower Moor J
75
30
19,426
3,121
22,547
20
18
38
7,840
7,070
14,910
392
393
Preston .
117,088
3
..
*
«
120,484
47
16
63
10,159
3,585
13,744
216
224
Saul St. Baths
2
67
35
39
22
97,739
4,746
102,485
47
10
63
10,159
3,585
13,744
216
224
Moor Park .
Rochdale .
Smith St.
'jiJM
1
3
2
100
67
67
50
27
27
*
49,638
32,833
«
9,686
6,059
17,999
59,324
38,892
36
23
12
8
48
31
35/ilO
27,620
13^625
9,813
48i835
37,333
978
1105
1136
1252
Castleton
Branch Baths
1
75
30
16,805
3,627
20,432
13
4
17
7,690
3,818
11,502
592
953
St. Helens
06,551
1
2
102
48
30
24
57,556
14,941
72,497
31
6
37
4,208
230
4,438
136
38
Salford .
Blackfriars Rd.
231,357
1
11
2
7i
32
24
lU
224,817
24,277
71,651
13,891
296,468
38,168
116
23
55
12
171
35
91,616
17,082
48,419
10,678
140,035
27,760
790
743
880
890
Pendleton
2
47
75
60
75
60
75
75
76
60
75
78
64
46
25
28
25
28
25
28
30
30
25
42
30
30
24
43,955
9,041
53,596
25
4
37
18,164
9,244
27,408
727
770
Broughton
Regent Rd. .
2
2
37,424
58,335
12,341
11,330
49,766
69,665
20
27
10
12
30
39
17.001
28,698
9,104
14,153
26,105
42,851
850
1063
910
1179
Secdley
1
3
60,826
24,448
85,274
21
9
30
10,671
5,240
1,591
508
582
Warrington, S. ,
Corporation
Baths
72,166
4
25,902
5,607
31,r,«0
16
6
22
4,364
157
4,521
273
26
63
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Accoiii-
iiioda- '
tion
3722
3722
13l I 1757
13t 1757
1162
1162
606
606
4884
4884
2363
2363
6v
Iv
Iv
Iv
IV
2v
812
72
113
300
226
101
37
6
17
10
4
56
849
72
119
317
236
105
Total Attendance
15,537
67,337
26,718
31,347
27,266
86,605
62,110
24,495
61,809
317,245
41,431
62,232
54,725
87,259
71,598
14,349
«
8,550
12,594
10,191
*
8,331
23,917
16,478
7,439
15,182
120,107
24,569
18,891
21,462
25,493
29,692
45,000
*
82,419
40,149
54,074
*
35,268
43,941
37,457
134,228
116,229
17,999
110,522
78,588
76,991
437,352
66,000
81,123
76,187
112,752
101,290
36,090
ATTENDANCE PER WOO
OF POPULATION
Swiiiiining
Bath
751
Private
Baitis
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
1209
797
1890
Wash-Housbs
Accommodation
63
500
Mangling
Ironing
12,601
620
630
630
ESTAB-
LISH-
MKNT
1911
1854
added to
1879
1901
added to
1915
' Includes cartage oi cinders,
£9; telephone, £10.
* Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £60 {3-2%).
' Rent of cottage.
^ Open April to September.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for sch.-
children.
^ In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
^ Includes rents and sale of
sundries to branches.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
* Excludes drainage scheme,
£150.
« Foot-baths at certain times.
' In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
^ Includes rent of land, £25.
* £110 undifierentiated.
'■ Figures 1915-16.
^ In classes.
' Seasons not defined.
* £32 undifferentiated.
' In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
1901
^ la classes.
- Seasons not defined.
1902
^ In classes.
- Seasons not defined.
' £22 undifierentiated.
1905
' In classes.
- Seasons not defined.
" £140 undiSerentiated.
Contract for new baths ter-
minated on outbreak of
war.
1851
1 Bank interest.
added to
' Seasons not defined.
1870
1905
1880
issr.
1910
1882
1910
1873
since
tdded to
Rent of shop, etc.
Items undifferentiated.
= Excludes purchase of land
and premises, £545.
* Boys.
' April to December.
* Includes 2 instructors paid
by Education Committee.
' Items undifferentiated.
= Lassar baths.
' Includes 2 instructors paid
by Education Committee.
' Includes I instructor paid
by Education Coramitlec.
' Seasons not defined.
I
■ Includes fiitratioD plant on
account, £100.
* Instructor.
' Instructor.
1 Instructor.
1 Inc1udcsgalacxpCQSCS,£13.
" Instructor.
^ includes gala expenses, £24.
' Instructor.
Includes professional ser-
vices re extension, £121.
Seasons not defined.
64
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of hlacb
LANCASHIRE— conftMUMi
Manchester — cont.
Annitage St. .
Levenshulme
(Site) '
New Quay St.
(Site)
Philip's Park .
Oldham, S.
Central Baths }
Waterhead
Baths t
Robin HiU % '
HoUinwood } ,
Hathershaw X
Glodmck J
Lower Moor J
Preston
Saul St. Baths
Moor Park
Rochdale .
Smith St.
Castleton
Branch Bath-i
St. Helens
Salford
Blackfriars Rd.
Pendleton
Broughton
Regent Rd.
Seedley
Warrington, S.
Corporation
Baths
POPULA-
TION
117,088
06,551
231,357
72,166
Bath Fees
Swiin-
lliillK
267
136
104
125
98
55
325
343
109
219
235
265
307
£
215
189
•
128
177
141
09
280
275
268
428
174
Turkish
and
Russian
244
4
12
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going:
9
12
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
16
Swim-
ming
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
£
215
281
232
302
239
55
876
392
508
535
716
611
Wash-
house
Pay-
MENTS
RENT
FOR
I'remise;
£
422
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
21
13
Soap
Other
Items
15 > 15
70*
53'
•
42
96
11
25' 39
30
4
Total
Receipis
65
APPENDIX I
DHFICIT
i.MEi- BY
1 ASSESS-
MENT
TOTAL
INCOME
£
1,248
£
1,885
47
2792
612 963
1416 2168
1070 1345
1080 1478
1209 1458
1335 1853
1309 1772
EZFEHSmmE
Charges for premises
26
1877
862'
81
3104
1800
1016 i 1540
6031
744
708
830
I 1256
2474
1392
8814
1141
1216
1396
1976
3085
2124
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
£
652
50
709
694
779
348
111'
128
426
781
1404
Rates.
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
£
156
122
83
56
50
80
87
84
188
87
newals
and
Repairs
£
43
95
4
53
109
102
33
56
87
£
850
220 1064
4
451
311
317
543
1025
1886
1008
Salaries
and
Wages
£
339
760
224
223
223
35
627
255
290
522
532
510
539
419
BATH Upkeep
Heating
and
LightinK
405
220
188
255
217
316
193
171
153
193
289
328
£
148
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
100
105
90
37
238
47
60
111
86
205
29
35
26
26
43
26
Soap
Clean-
ing
£
941
118
1663
48
40
41
55
46
848
74
Miscellaneous
Print ingf
and
Other
Station-
Items
ery
29
30
£
£
11
23 >
**
•
•
*
•
«
•
«
•
•
•
16
812
SdO
822
013
1152
10
i:i
14
13
11
0
18
24 »
32'
135 »
65
33
3
124 2
37
19
Tor.vi-
EXPEM>1.
TURE
£
1,885 »
963*
1853
81
3104
1800^
8814
1141
1216
13UG
1076
3085
2124
HSTAiJ.
LISH-
MHNT
1854
added to
1879
1901
added to
1915
1892
1902
1851
idded to
1870
1905
186S
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£9 ; telephone, £10.
' Includes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £60 (Z2%).
' Rent of cottage.
' Open April to September.
Education Conunittee pro-
vide instruction for sch.-
children.
^ In classes.
^ Seasons not de&ned.
' Includes rents and sale of
sundries to branches.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
* Excludes drainage scheme,
£150.
* Foot-baths at certain times.
' In classes.
- Seasons not defined.
' Includes rent of land, £25.
* £110 undifferentiated.
^ Figures 1915-16.
* In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
* £32 undifferentiated.
' In classes.
' Seasons not defined.
' In classes.
' Seasons not defined.
' In classes.
- Seasons not defined. I
^ £22 undifierentiated.
^ In classes.
- Seasons not defined.
3 £140 undifferentiated.
Contract for new baths ter-
minated on outbreak of
war. j
^ Bank interest. j
' Seasons not defined.
1880
1885
1910
ISS::
1910
1873
since
.ddcd to
' Rent of shop, etc.
- Items undifferentiated.
' Excludes purchase of land
and premises, £545.
Boys.
April to December.
' Includes 2 instructors paid
by Education Committee.
Items undifferentiated. !
^ Lassar baths. [
* Includes 2 instructors paid
by Education Committee.
' Includes 1 inslnictor paid ,
by Education Committee. ,
^ Seasons not defined.
< Includes filtration plant on
account, £100.
' Instructor.
' Instructor.
' Instructor.
> Includes gala expenses, £13.
* Instructor.
' Includes gala expenses, £24.
' Instructor.
Includes professional ser-
vices re extension, £121.
Seasons not defined.
66
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Rate
Capital
Aid
COS'l
IN
TERMS
PERCENTAGES
SCALE OF
OF Id.
IN £
Income
Hxpcnditurc
Revenue
Swimming Bath
Priv.-ite
NAME OF PLACE
POPULA.
TION
Expendi-
Charge
for
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneous
ture
Bath
Wash-
other
Rale
Premises
Male
Female
Chil-
Male
Female
Salaries,
Other
Fees
House 1
Items
Aid
etc.
Items
dren
. . — .
1
i
3
4
e
6
7
S
9
10
11
12
13
14
ID
16
LANCASHIRE— condituui
Manchester — conl.
9,781
AnnitageSt. .
89,07"
■07
114
22-4
662
45-1
18'0
319
18
338
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
Levenshulme
(Site) '
New Quay St.
1,269
•■
••
(Site)
2,190
Philip's Park .
4^403
•007
loo'o
6-3
35-7
57^9
F.
F.
Oldham, S.
U7,4S3
*
••
«
*
Central Baths |
*
•SU
294
8^7
62^0
38-1
27 2
32-3
23
380
3d., 2d.,' 3d., 2d.
Id., F."
s4d..
s4d..
Id.
3d., 2d.
3d., 2d.
Waterhead
Baths t
4,134
•32
29^2
7-3
63-6
*
232
♦
34
36-4
3d., •2d.,
3d., 2d.
Id., F.>
s4d..
s4d.,
Id.
3d., 2d..
3d., 2d.,
Id.
Id.
Robin Hill J '
13,100
•73
156
16-6
2-4
65-3
*
16-9
«
*
34-7
3d., 2d.,
3d., 2d.,
ld.,F.»
s4d..
s4d..
Id.
Id.
3d., 2d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
Id.
HoUinwood t •
*
*
*
»
♦
*
•
•
«
•
*
3d., 2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.
ld.,F.>
s4d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
s4d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
Hathershaw t
0,068
•55
17^2
31
79-6
*
10-7
*
*
20^4
3d., -2d.,
3d., 2d.,
ld.,F.'
s4d..
s4d..
Id.
Id.
3d., 2d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
Id.
Glodwick X
0,824
•56
20^4
65
73-1
590
151
*
•
269
3d., 2d.,
3d., 2d.
ld.,F.'
s4d..
s4d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
Id.
Lower Moor J
11,283
•62
161
•8
82-9
•
15-3
*
*
17-1
3d., 2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.
ld.,F.'
s4d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
s4d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
Preston
117,088
12,049
•77
720
28^0
Saul St. Baths
11,218
•76
23^9
2^2
739
510
190
28^8
M
26-1
4d.,3d.,
2d., Id.
6d.,2d.,
Id.
id.
s4d.,
2d.
5 4d.,
2d.
Moor Park .
.S31
■01
07^9
32-1
4-9
43-2
481
3^7
679
Id.
Id.
id.
Rochdale .
•ji.'iis.
24,977
14,370
1^28
60-5
395
Smith St.
•59
48-7
3-4
47-9
25-1
34-8
*
V
52^1
(10/)4d.
4d.'[3d.]
F.
s4d..
s4d..
3d.] 2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
Id.
Castleton
Branch Baths
10,007
■69
212
10
77^8
59-2
196
•
•
22^2
(10/) 4d.
r3d.]2d.
4d., 2d.
F.
s4d.,
2d., Id."
s4d.,
2d.
St. Helens
96,551
11,310
•77
33-6
•4
660
49-4
18^8
308
•9
34-0
6d.,3d
6d., 3d.
2d. IJd.
Id.
s6d..
4d.
sM.,
4d.
Salford
231,357
78,700
1 13 211
1^4
682
1
318
Blackfriars Rd.
•18
34-4
'•'4
65-2
27-3
45-7
25-4
{■7
348
td.'[2d.]
4d.'(2d.]
2d.', id.,
s4d..
Sid.,
2d. [Id.;
2d. [Id.;
Jd.,F.
2d.
2d.
Pendleton
9,427
•17
418
•f*
58-2
261
437
28^6
1-6
418
4d. 2d.]
2d. [Id.'
4d.[2d.]
|-2d.[ld.
2d., Id.
1 id., F.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
Broughton
12 910
■21
383
2-1
59-5
38<0
37^0
21-9
2-2
40^5
4d. 2d.
4d. [■2d.'
•2d., Id.
s4d..
s4d..
2d.
Id.]
2d.
[Id.)
Jd.,F.
2d.
2d.
Regent Rd. .
20,365
•32
362
.o
63B
51-9
27-3
18^9
19
364
4d.
2d.
4d.
2d.
2d., Id.
s4d..
S4d.,
2d.
Id.
2d.
Id.
id.,F.
2d.
2d.
Seedlcy
23,789
•61
198
80^2
611
211
162
15
198
4d.
2d.
2d.
Id.
4d.
2d.
2d.'
Id.
2d., Id.
id.F.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
Warrington, S. .
72,166
Corporation
Baths
•
17,020
1-23
339
•5
65-5
47-5
1
19-7
i
26-2
6-6
345
6d.,3d
Od., 3d
Id.
sOd.
5 6d.
67
APPENDIX I
AvERAGH Hours phk Whek.
tiVliiy Lu Supieiiiber)
Chtl.
dren
Turkish
Bat lis
I Fc-
! male
\V.vsri.
Houses
bwiinmiiig Private Wash.
Batli Baths House
First
Hour
sld.
sid.,
2d.
9d.
9d.
9d.
9d.
sBd.
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
2d.
1/ 1/
73
73
73
73
1/ 1/
93'
9d.
9d.
9d.
9d.
8«
86
86
86
86
93'
Fe-
male
88'
15'
15'
15"
15'
91
Fe-
male
88
91' , 88'
88'
88'
88 » I 88'
88 ' 88 ■
67
88'
88<
88'i 88'
81' 81 I 81
3
11 ' 73 70
15 90 88
93' 93"
(October to April)
Swimming Private Wash
Bath Baths House
59
59
59
59'
59
Clo
Clo
Clo
80'
67
67
67
67
67
Clo
12"
12'
70
71
12' 71
12 ', 71
12
sed'
sed
sed
12
80'
71
69
80'
Fe-
male
70
71 =
71 =
68
80'
Fe-
male
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Sum-
mer
13 13
4 4
4 4
Estab-
lish-
ment
IH9'2.
1854
added t
1S79
1894
1901
added t
1915
1892
1901
1902
1905
1S51
added to
1870
1905
1868
11
9
10 8
11 j 9
U I 0
' Includes cartage of cinders,
£9 ; telephone, £10.
= lucludes proportion of gen-
eral expenses, £60 (3-2%).
* Rent of cottage.
' Open April to September.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for sch.-
children.
' In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Includes rents and sale of
sundries to branches.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
* Excludes drainage scheme,
£150.
' Foot-baths at certain times.
* In classes.
* Seasons not defined.
' Includes rent of land, £25.
* £110 undifferentiated.
1 Figures 1915-16.
^ In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
* £32 undifferentiated.
' In classes.
' Seasons not defined.
^ In classes.
- Seasons not defined.
' In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
= £22 undifferentiated.
* In classes. '
^ Seasons not defined.
^ £140 undifferentiated.
Contract for new baths ter-
minated on outbreak of
war.
^ Bank interest.
* Seasons not defined.
18ii0
1885
1910
1882
1910
1873
since
added to
* Rent of shop, etc.
- items undiffcTL-ntjated.
* Excludes purchase* of land
and premises, £545. •
* Boys. '
* April to December.
* Includes 2 instructocs paid
by Education Comraittec. |
* Items undifferentiated.
* Lassar baths.
' Includes 2 instructors paid
by Education Committee,
' Includes I instructor paid
by Education Committee. ,
- Seasons not defined. l
> Includes filtration plant on i
account, £100. j
' Instructor.
' Instructor. |
* Instructor. {
' Includes gala expenses, £13.
* Instructor.
Includes gala expanses, £24.
* Instructor.
Includes profcssioDol ser-
vices re extension, £121.
Seasons not defined.
08
A
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS
AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING BATHS
Slipper and spray Baths
NAMh OF I'l,ACF.
HOPULA.
-iroN
1
1
Number
Area
Uatherb
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
ToUl
LcncUi
BroaJtli
Male
l-ciiiale
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
LANCASHIRE^coiid/iiitii
Wigan
89,lri2
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
IS
3
ft.
75
58
21
ft.
26
21
16
80,939
6,078
87,017
19
4
23
3574
225
3,799
188
56
M.B. Bacup
•22,;U8
2
61
75
18
24
19,076
4,374
23,450
6
6
12
4432
2114
6,546
739
362
Colne
35,689
2'
75
30"
30
18'
28,694
7,859
36,353
6
4
10
7338
2221
9,559
1223
555
Darwen * .
40,332
■•
Eccles
41,944
1
75
30
39,519
9,018
48,537
12
6
18
5117 ; 546
6,573
426
76
Heywood .
20,097
1
75
30
16,651
5,889
22,540
'9
5101
1314
6,415
71
2
Middleton
27,980
1
60
30
14,971
3,307
18,278
^
4
3638
1473
5,111
127
8
Nelbou ' .
39,479
2
75
50
30
20
36,878
15,766
52,644
10
8
18
7719
5010
12,729
772
626
U.D.C. Atherton .
Public Baths .
18,982
75
30
16,683
3,684
'20,367
7
5
12
1401
391
1,792
200
78
Atherton Col-
lieries P. .
••
*
«
•
•
«
••
Chadderton
28,29'.)
90
30
23,747
7,316
31,063
6
6
12
3840
1762
5,692
640
292
Crompton
14,760
75
27
18,041
2,625
20,666
7
6
IS
4416
^ 2922
7,338
631
487
Famworth
28,131
75
30
21,214
5,495
26,709
6
4
9
•
*
2,325
25
8
Ncwton-in-
MakerfUld ' .
Raddifie .
18,451
26,084
100
75
55
30
•
24,309
*
6,631
4,079
30,840
••
ii
2835
1002
3^837
"34
9
Royton
17,069
76
27
14,251
4,350
18,601
9
0
15
3876'
2673'
6,549'
•
*
Stretford ..
OldTrafiord .
42,496
26,240
1
2
75
60
30
26
65,776
35,778
28,166
14,131
93,942
49,909
25
14
11
6
36
20
9226
6877
2949
2341
12,175
9,218
369
491
268
390
Stretford
18,360
1
•
2
75
66
;3o
30
29,998
14,035
44,033
11
S
16
2349
608
2,957
214
122
Swinton and
Pendlebury t ,
30,7.V.i
1
76
30
26,926
6,274
33,200
>..
15'
2608
436
2,944
19
6
Tyldcsley .
15,582
1
2
66
24
21
V
17.535
3,468
21,003
4
4
8
2748
665
3,403
687
164
69
APPENDIX I
Turkish and Russian Baih-
•v
2v
5
25
S
28
179
131
103
33
14
43
42
861
254
26
8
42
200
174
145
Total attendance
M.iW
Female
20
21
84,613
6,303
24,021
6,836
36,032
9,880
44,636
9,474
•
«
18,634
4,781
44,597
20,776
18,088
4,076
«
27,595
9,008
22,485
5,561
*
♦
*
•
27,323
7,554
18,127
7,023
75,133
42,758
31,158
16,514
32,375
14,644
29,434 '
6,710'
20,310
4,129
90,816
30,857
46,912
54,110
20,209
23,416
65,373
22,163
«
36,663
28,046
29,034
4,079
34,877
25,150
106,291
59,272
47,019
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF POPULATION
Wash-Houses
Swimming
Balh
Private
Batlis
23
24
976
43
1051
293
1416
372
1157
133
844
240
653
183
1333
322
1073
94
1098
198
1401
498
949
83
221
1182
147
1090
384
2211
1902
286
351
2398
161
1079
96
1348
218
Total
iiicluilin^
Turkish
and
Russian
1019
1383
1787
1290
1094
837
1656
1168
1296
1901
1032
2501
2259
1500
Accommodation
Mangling:
Ironing
ESTAB-
LISH-
MRNT
1882
idded to
1916
1893
1909
1855
1881'
1801
1845
1902
1894
1899
1893
1908
1899
1910
1904
1913
1902
1876
' Includes water.
^ Includes smoke-consumer,
£30.
3 Excludes towel.
' Turkish.
^ Vapour.
' I for children only.
* Children's hours not stated.
3 Seasons not defined.
' New baths project post-
poned owing to war. Pre-
sent baths let.
' Includes rates and taxes,
' Seasons not defined.
^ New baths erected in 1913.
' Includes fees for vapour
baths.
= Includes April and October.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
' Soap and cleaning included
under sundries.
^ In classes.
^ Includes March, April, Octo-
ber.
» Figures for 1915-16.
^ Power supplied by elec-
tricity ; steam from gas-
works.
» Excludes £179 ; transfer
from capital account.
* Seasons not defined.
Messrs. Fletcher, Burrows,
& Co., provide baths at
Ariey Pits, Chanters Pits,
and 169 Leigh Rd.
' In classes.
' Includestimeforclubs,2hrs.
3 Instructor forsch. children.
' Seasons not defined.
* Education Committee pays
instructor £1 weekly.
' Includes October.
' Figures for 1911-12.
* Education Committee for
clinic.
' Per month.
'Seasons not defined.
* Includes instnictor for sch.
children.
' Includes users of vapour
baths.
* Education Committee pays
5/ weekly for 6 months'
instruction.
■ Excludes laundry cxtCDSiOD,
£217.
* Education Committee pays
5/ weekly for 6 months'
instruction.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for sch.-
children.
* IncludcsSsprays, men only.
* Excludes vapour bathers.
* Exclusive of site.
* In classes.
* Hoys only.
* Includes April.
> ilxclusivecf site.
' In classes.
' 6 tickets.
* Uirge bath 5 hours.
* Seasons not dcfiaed.
■ Saturday and Sunday.
M
70
B KEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
mCOM£
Bath Fees
vvash-
HOUSE
PAY-
RENT
I'REMISES
MISCELLANEOUS
TOTAL
RECEIPTS
Name of place
HOHULA-
IION
MI-.NTS
Swim-
ming
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
t>al3s,
etc.
Sivim-
minK
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Total
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Total
LANCASHIRE— coiidiiMci
Wigan
89,132
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
11
16
16
£
948
£
779
£
89
£
£
£
£
11
£
£
58
£
937
£
£
£
10
£
£
£
10
M.B. Bacup
22,318
151
73
48
1
22
295
7
7
302
Colne
25,BS9
193
148
■•
77
••
60
468
29
29
497
Darwen ' .
40,332
■•
■•
••
••
• •
Eccles
41,944
248
93
■•
••
340
4
..
4
344
Heywood .
26,697
157
97'
••
*
••
••
254
9
4
13
267
Middleton
27,980
125
60
1
•■
•■
186
20
20
207
Nelson" .
39,479
495
213
••
2
710
50
5
55
766
U.D.C. Atherton .
Public Baths .
18,982
146
24
2
172
1
1
173
Atherton Col-
lieries P. .
■•
••
••
••
Chadderton
28,299
142
74
• •
.■
216
17
.•
17
234
Crorapton
14,750
125
104
2
..
231
..
14
..
14
245
Famworth
28,131
•
*
21'
*
*
•
*
214
Newion-in-
Makerfitld ' .
RadcUSe .
18,451
26,084
3
157
47
5
••
'5
3
214
i7>
i
i
3
Royton
17,069
154
95
249
12
1
1:5
202
Stretlord ..
OldTrtfford .
42,498
26,240
309
103
5
12
1
429
"5
"-
727
434
Stretford
18,360
256
34
••
1
1
292
1
1
293
SwintOQ and
Pendlebury % .
30,739
147
39
2
189
1
1
190
Tyldesley .
15,582
110
46
1
3
107
fl
0
173
71
APPENDIX I
Deficit
I MET BY
ASSESS-
MENT
£
680
TOTAI
INCO.MF.
£
162S
630 I 932
895 I 1391
1280
435
268
467
236
16
523
2869
1483
1386
831
1624
703
474
EZPENSirtrKE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
Rates.
Re-
and
I axes.
newals
Loan
Insur-
and
Charges
ance
Repairs
19
£
29
31
£
£
481
145
37
86
324
548
86
105
801'
1C9
32
1597
730 =
676
317
•
•
1071
380
712
213
450
19
750
327
1147
596
3596
1917
848
1679
778
1021 406
47
11
37
34
40
30
43
123
33
89
55
49
31
10
24
£
663
410
740
894
305
98
27 667
121 lo'g's
129 999
30 535
47 140
BATH UPKEEP
Salaries
and
Wages
£
450
247
354
332
146
115
Heating
and
I-ifjlitins
Water
24
25
£
364'
£
•
192
2
208
64
203
101
129
108
123
92
82'
50
189
1G3
13
210
203
431
213
109
84
175
280
374 232
78
85 ; 30
4
39 I 21
97 I is
73
Towels
Soap
and
and
Cos-
Clean-
tumes
ing
26
27
£
£
13
69
17
43
2
28
18
43
21
* 1
28
18
£
895
098
386
351
296
MlSCEl.LAN'EOfS
441
358
18
377
15 453
824
080
23
19 275 •
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Other
Items
29
30
£
28
£
43 =
*
*
6
20
14
12
«
♦
12
25
2
4
••
*
*
*
*
4:
Total
EXHKNDI-
1 UKH
£
1628
1391
1624
1071
712
450
3596*
1917 »
1C79
ESTAR.
LISH-
MF.\ r
419
1882
added to
1915
1893
1855
1891
1845
1894
1899
1893
1908
1899
1913
1876
' Includes water.
' Includes smoke-consuroer.
£30.
' Excludes towel.
Turkish.
^ Vapour.
' 1 for children only.
^ Children's hours not stated.
' Seasons not defined.
' New baths project post-
poned owing to war. Pre-
sent baths let.
Includes rates and taxes.
Seasons not defined.
' New baths erected in 1913.
Includes fees for vapoiu
baths.
Includes April and October.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
Soap and cleaning included
under sundries.
^ In classes.
' Includes March, ApriljOcto-
ber.
Figtires for 1915-16.
' Power supplied by elec-
tricity ; steam from gas-
works.
^ Excludes £179 ; transfer
from capital account.
* Seasons not defined.
Messrs. Fletcher, Burrows,
& Co., provide baths at
Arley Pits, Chanters Pits,
and 169 Leigh Rd.
'In classes.
' Includes timeforclubs,2hrs.
* Instructor forsch. children.
' Seasons not defined.
' Education Committee pays
instructor £1 weekly.
' Includes October.
1 Figures for 1911-12.
'Education Committee for
clinic.
' Per month.
' Seasons not defined.
* Includes instructor for sch.
children.
' Includes users of vapour
baths.
' Education Committee pays
5/ weekly for 6 months'
instruction.
' Excludes laundry extension,
£217.
' Education Committee pays
5/ weekly for fi months*
instruction.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for sch.-
children.
' IncludcsSsprays, men only.
' F..xcludcs vapour bather;.
•Exclusive oi sito.
* In classes.
* Boys only.
' Includes April.
■ Exclusive of site.
* In classes. i
6 tickets.
Large bath 5 hours.
* Seasons not defined.
* S.it\iiday and Sunday.
72
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Capital
COST
Rate
AID
IN
Percentages
SCALE OF
Name of place
POPIM.A-
TroN
OF Id.
IN£
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
to
Expendi-
Swimming Bath
Private
Bath
Fees
W.ish-
Mouse
Other
Items
K.ite
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel.
laneous
Male
Female
Chil.
dren
Male
Female
S.ilaries.
etc.
Other
Items
LANC.'iSHIRE— coiidiiucii
1
1
3
4
B
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
13
14
U
16
£
W'igan
89,152
11,773
•62
676
•6
41-8
40-7
27-6
27-3
4-3
58-2
6d., 3d.,
2d.
6d., 2d.
ld.>
s6d.,
4d.
5 6d.,
4d.
M.B. Bacup
22,318
Gift
1-8
31^7
•8
67-6
440
26-5
27-3
23
32-4
4d., 2d.
4d.,2d.
2d., Id.,
F.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
Colne
25,089
7,688
1-94
336
••
21
64-3
531
25-4
210
•4
35-7
3d., 2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
Id.
s3d.
s3d.
Darwen ' .
40,332
••
Eccles
41,944
10,303
1-82
20^9
•2
78-8
550
20-4
22-5
20
21-2
4d.,2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
F.
s4d.
s4d.
Heywood .
26,697
4,522
*
361
18
61-9
43-4
20-8
34-1
1-7
380
4d.,8d.,
2d.
4d.,3d.,
2d.
2d., Id.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
Mddletoii
27,980
636
■56
39-2
42
56o
20-7
24-3
49-8'
5-3 >
43-7
4d.,3d.,
2d.
2d.
2d., Id.,
F.»
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
Kelbou ' ,
39,479
11,000
l-23>
44^5
334
520
57-9
28-5
11-3
2-3
480
3d.
3d.
Id.
s4d.
s4d.
U.D.C. Atherton .
Public Baths .
Atherton Col-
Ueries P. .
18,982
5,275
•
1-45
25-4
•1
74-4
55-3
*
151
•
28-7
*
•9
•
25-6
•
6d., 3d.,
[2d.]
6d.,3d.,
[2d.]
2d., Id.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
Chadderton
28,299
6,749
*
202
••
16
78-2
42-5
22-9
33-7
■9
21-8
3d., 2d.
3d.
2d., Id.,
F.'
s4d.,
3d.
s4d.,
3d.
Crompton
Famworth
14,750
28,131
5,597
3,245
•
•58
324
*
20
«
65-6
62-4
36-2
14-2
26-5
36-2
35-4
43-3
20
6-4
84-4
47-6
3d., 2d.
2id.
[2d,]
6d.,3d.,
2d.
21d.
[2d.]
ld.,F.
Id., F.
s4d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
s4d.,
3d.
s6d.,
Sd.
Newion-in-
MaknfieU ' .
RadcUfle .
18,461
26,084
6fiO
5,885
•
1-25
158
28^3
••
2-4
84-2
69-2
48'3
68-4
28-6
26-3
21-3
5-3
1-9
15-8
30-8
Id.
(7/6),
3d.
Id.
3d.
id.
(4d.),«
2d., Id.,
F.
s3d.
s 's'd.
Roy ton
17,069
8,735
2-73
217
11
77-2
58-2
17-7
21-8
2-4
22-8
Sd.[2d.]
Sd.[2d.]
2d.[lQ.]
Id.
2d.', id.,
F.
s4d.,
3d.
sid.,
2d.
s4d.,
3d.
sid.,
2d.
Stretford ..
OldTrBflord .
42,491!
26,240
28,756
1 18,255
2-32
127 •
22-4
•3
79-8
77-4
57-0
22-5
20-5
20-2
22-6
4d!,'2d.
4d!,'2d.
Stretford
18,360
12,600
106
17-4
••
•1
82-5
59-6
22-3
18-2
17-6
4d., 2d.
4d.,2d.
2d., Id.,
F.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
Swinton and
Pendleburj' J .
30,759
6,600'
1-96
18^5
•1
81-4
62-4
21-6
25-6
•5
18-6
3d. [2d.]
3d.
Id., F.«
s6d.,
3d.
sSd.
Tyldesley .
15,582
2,500
10
39^8
1-4
58-7
33-4
27-9
37-7
10
41-3
(6/) 2d.
(6/) 2d.
F."
s4d.,
Sd.
s4d.,
3d.
73
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE Hours per week
( if \RCKS
STAFI--
(May to September)
Swin
(October to April)
Baths
Turkish
Wash-
Swiniming
Private
Wash.
iniiis
Private
Wash
Whole Time
Part Time
Total
Total
B-iths
House
Bath
Baths
House
Bath
Baths
House
or Juniors
in
Sum.
Wn.
Date
OF
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
Remarks
Per
Chil-
dren
Male
Fe-
in.ile
First Subse-
Hour qucnt
Hour
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
17
18
19
20 j 21
22
SO
23
80
21
25
80
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
3
33
3^
36
36
7
37
7
.. i ..
80
80
80
80
80
4
1882
' Includes water.
added to
^ Includes smoke-consumer,
1915
£30.
^ Excludes towel.
s2d.,
l/'9d.>
1/1 9d.'
71
24
71
71
(1) 41
21
62
62
2
2
1
1
6
4
1893
' Turkish.
Id.
9d..'
6d.»
9d.,«
6d.^
(2)G
na
ym-
sium
= Vapour.
60"
14"
67
67
Clo
sed'
«
«
3
2
1
6
«
1909
1855
' 1 for children only.
* Children's hours not stated.
^ Seasons not defined.
' New baths project post-
poned owing to war. Pre-
sent baths let.
66'
19'
85
85
Op
en'
*
*
3
2
5
5
1881'
1 Includes rates and taxes.
' Seasons not defined.
= New baths erected in 1913.
gd.
9d.
76 >
15'
91
88
Clo
sed
78
75
2
1
2
5
2
1891
' Includes fees for vapour
baths.
^ Includes April and October.
8d.
8d.
■■
75 »
15'
90
90
Clo
sed
80
80
1
1
1
3
2
1845
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
* Soap and cleaning included
under sundries.
^ In classes.
' Includes March, April, Octo-
ber.
s2d.
84
84
84
84
72
72
72
72
4
3
7
6
1913
1 Figures for 1915-16.
" Power supplied by elec-
tricity ; steam from gas-
works.
3 Excludes £179 ; transfer
■
'
from capital account.
I
1/
1/
82 •
8'
90
90
Clo
sed
*
*
1
1
2
1
1902
^ Seasons not defined.
*
•
*
*
•
*
«
*
*
«
*
Messrs. Fletcher, Burrows,
li Co., provide baths at
Arley Pits, Chanters Pits,
and 169 Leigh Rd.
9t1.
9d.
80'
8
89
89
68
8
76
70
2
2
1'
1'
6
6
1894
' In classes.
2 Includes time for clubs,2hrs.
^ Instructor forsch. children-
9d.
9d.
63'
15 >
78'
78'
52"
12'
62'
62'
2
1
1
4
4
1899
' Seasons not defined.
70'
20'
90
90
Clo
sed
«
*
2 '
2
4
2
1893
^ Education Committee pays
instructor £1 weekly.
'Includes October.
*
•
Clo
sed
1
1
1908
' Figures for 1911-12.
s '2d.
6d.
6d.
63'
21'
63
21
Clo
sed
V
V
3«
2'
1
6
•
1899
' Education Committee for
clinic.
* Per month.
'Seasons not defined.
* Includes instniclor for sch,
children.
9d.
9d.
72
15
87
87
05
14
78
78
2
1
1
4
4
1910
» Includes users of vapour
baths.
s id.,
9d.
9d.
;;
91
91
91
91
65
65
65
6.5
'3'
3
1
1
8
8
1904
> Education Committee pays
2d.
5/ weekly for 0 months'
instruction.
' Exclude^ laundry extension,
£217.
' Education Committee pays
s4d.,
9d.
9d.
91
1)1
91
91
6S
65
65
65
3'
3
1
1
8
8
1913
2d.
:»/ weekly for 6 months'
instruction. i
si'Vl fid.
6d.
« s
• •
68
13
Clo
sed
47
9
2
1
1
4
3
1902
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for sch.-
children.
» I ncludes 5 sprays, men only. 1
' l-^xcludes vapour bathers. \
' Exclusive of silt'.
* 111 classes.
* Iioy« only.
* Includes .April.
(3/),'
(S./),'
88'
93"
93'
93'
^ ^ II
t
^ ^ ■
a
1
4
5
2
1876
* Exclusive of site.
9d.
9d.
" In classes.
» 6 lickcls.
* Large bath 5 hours.
* Seasons not dc&oed.
* Saturday and Sunday.
N
74
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING
Baths
Slipper and
SPRAY Baths
iN'AME OH PLACK
POPUI.A-
1 ION
Nun.
bcr
Area
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Batliers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
Tot.ll
Length
Rrcacllh
Male
Female
Total
Hale
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
87
16
5
LEICESTERSHIRE"
C.B. Leicester .
OO'l OOO
10
ft.
ft.
«
*
236,176
132
*
*
115,560'
Vestry St.
■•
2
70
40
35
20
♦
♦
*
*
«
56
*
«
*
•
*
Bath Lane .
)
1
3
70
80
20
35
20
20
«
*
*
*
*
28
*
*
*
«
•
Belgrave
1
100
35
*
*
*
12
*
«
*
*
•
Humberstone
1
100
35
«
*
«
12
*
* 1 *
j
*
*
Aylestone and
Knighton .
1
90
35
*
*
*
24'
•
*
*
•
•
Bcdehou^e and
Abbey Meadow
M.B. Loughborough .
22^990
T
«
80
*
30
•
»
V
•
22,705
9
*
*
3^894
'■43
3
U.DC. Hinckley .
12,837
1-
75
85
«
*
17,143
4
*
•
2,241
56
0
Market Har-
borough
8,833
1
75
25
*
*
♦
4
«
•
*
*
*
Oadby
2,609
1
50
25
*
•
5,051
6
*
*
945
15
7
LINCOLNSHIRE
C.B. Lincoln ' .
57,285
6
134,511
31,762
166,279
, ,
, .
BMtUham Balln
WukhiiinGchjs.
4
1
265
120
120
120-
116
54
63
60
60
97
20,965
50,174
26,326
5,436
47,291
55,610
"
;:
SVesl Co?iimo?i
1
222
38
63,372
63,372
M.B. Boston
10.073
1
2
80
40
20
30
«
•
*
••
Grantham
Bathing Place
20,070
1
1
180
67
9,739
9,739
4,604
4,564
14,303
14.303
6
•
•
*
'•
Wharf Rd.' .
6
•
«
•
«
*
Stamford .
9,047
1
100
SO
*
•
21,407
••
••
U.D.C. CIcethor/tcsiG.C.R.
Pier lir.lhi) P.
21,417
1
84
20
•
*
*
18
•
•
•
*
*
Horiicaslle
3,900
1
90
27
*
*
• 1
■■
••
Sleaforii .
0,427
1
105
39
•
*
« 1
■
75
APPENDIX I
n-KKISH AND RLSS!AN BAIH^
TOTAI, ATTKNDANCE
134,511
20,965
21 22
31,762
26,326
50,174 5,436
63,372
9,739
361,736
ATTliNUANCK PKR lOOO
(-H-- i'OPULiV'l ION
Swill) iiiin^
B.ith
1039
26,599
19,384
5,996
166,279
47,291
55,610
63,372
4564
1335
1936
2903
Private
Baths
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
Wash-Houses
Accommodation
509
169
175
21,407
2219
1548
1157
1510
2298
2903
Mangling
2219
Ironing
Washers
per S*qII
Date
OF
ESTAH-
LISH-
MHNT
1879
1891
1897
1900
1905
*
1892
1910
1896
1914
1876
1882
1888
1863
1913
Includes Turkish bathers.
■ Includes laundrj' for towel-
washing, income, £591 ; ex-
penditure, £438. Income
i nclude? sale of book- tickets
for use at all baths, £12.
Excludes towel.
For use of towels, etc.
In classes.
In classes.
■ Use of all 3 baths, 12 hrs.
For use of towels, etc.
Excludes towel.
Includes bath hire.
Also 14 hrs. for sch. children
For use of towels, etc.
Excludes towel.
Also 14 hrs. for sch. children
For use of towels, etc.
Excludes towel.
Includes 12 sprays.
In connection with sprays.
AlsolOhrs. forsch. children
For use of towels, etc.
Excludes towel.
Incl.£110, undiSerentiated.
Gift.
Friday and Saturday.
Includes alteration to chim-
ney and lightning con-
ductor, £72.
' Includes April.
' Excludes soap and cleaning,
included imder 30.
Subscription.
Seasons not defined.
Soap and cleaning not differ-
entiated from sundries.
Figures for 1914.
Attendant takes profits from
hire of towels and costumes
- Conversion from water-filter
beds.
Education Comniittee pay
admission and provide in-
struction for sch. children.
' Let, rental £55 per an.
> Includes April and Oct.
' Includes £4 undiffcrenti
ated.
' Let at £10 per annum.
» Without box or towel, Id.
* Excludes 25 hrs. weekly,
rcser\'ed for schools.
' Open till sunset tluring Oct.
* Excludesschools*instructor
provided by Education
Committee.
Sch. children, 500 weekly.
' Whitsun to September.
Finance for 1914-15.
> 204 season tickets. 332
single, also free admissions.
' Htlucation Committee pro-
vide supervision for school
children.
39 season. 3147 single
tickets, also sch. children.
* Gift and subscription.
' Middle May to 3rd week
Sept.
Education Committee pay
1/0 per class, and provide
instruction.
N"
76
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of plack
LEICESTERSHIRE'
C.B. Leicester .
Vestry St.
Bath Lane
POPIJI.A-
rioN
227,222
Bath Fees
Belgrave
Humberstone
Aylestonc and
Knighton .
Bedehome and
Abbey Meadow
M.B. Loughborough .
U.DC. Hinckley .
Market Har-
borough
Oadby
LINCOLNSHIRE
C.B. Lincoln ' .
Boullham Baths
WickhamGitus.
West Common
M.B. Boston
Grantham
Bathing Place
Wharf Rd.' .
Stamford .
22,9!i(l
12,837
8,853
2,C0;i
.57,28.-)
15:!
lOS
U.D.C ChelhorltesfG.C.^
PKrBsths)P. 21,417
10,073
20,070
9,047
Horncastle
Sleaford ,
3,900
«,427
30
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
Swim-
ming
Wash-
HOUSF.
PAY-
MENTS
Con-
tribu-
liuii for
School
Children
15'
12'
1103
710
540
594
359
48
16
SO
RENT
FOR
PREMISES
11
£
MISCELLANEOUS
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
TOTAL
RECEIPTS
77
APPENDIX I
DEFICIT
METBV
ASSESS-
MENT
£
5338
1101
1364
849
1110
907
140
136
47
Total
INCOME
£
9304'
EXPENDITURE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
LO.T1I
Charges
19
£
2208
2086
1409
1707
1268 432
159
365
350
95
887
933
436
466
369
385
82
82
68
13
173
48
23
211
Rates.
Taxes,
Insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Kijpairs
_21_
£
22
£
24
18
33 58
5
68
91
BATH Upkeep
Salaries
Heatinp
aiul
and
Wages
L.ighting
23
24
£
£
451
«
478
•
414
•
462
•
354
•
91
122
»
111
76
5 28
165 173
66
31
4 4
5 ! 13
i
5 81
91
51
117
33
202
228
Towelb
niid
Cos-
tumes
Clean-
ing
244
240-
84'
293
319
51
55 =
Miscellaneous
Printing
and
Station-
ery
29
£
61
31
24
Other
Items
19
12
19
TOTAL
EXPENDI-
TURE
30
£
9304'
2208
2086
1409
1707
1268
159
365'
350
95
933
460
385
82
73
60
13
173
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1879
1891
1897
1900
1905
•
1892
1910
1896
1900
1914
1876
1882
1888
I8G3
1913
* Includes Turldsh bathers.
^ Includes laundrj' for towel-
washing, income, £591 ; ex-
penditure, £438. Income
include? saleof book- tickets
for use at all baths, £12.
' Excludes towel.
^ For use of towels, etc.
^ In classes.
' In classes.
- Use of all 3 baths, 12 hrs.
^ For use of towels, etc.
* Excludes towel.
' Includes bath hire.
^ Also 14 hrs. for sch. children
^ For use of towels, etc.
* Excludes towel.
' Also 14 hrs. for sch. children
- For use of towels, etc.
" Excludes towel.
^ Includes 12 sprays.
^ In connection with sprays.
^ Also 10 hrs. for sch. children
* For use of towels, etc.
^ Excludes towel.
* Inch £110, undifierentiated.
^ Gift.
* Friday and Saturday.
' includes alteration to chim-
ney and lightning con-
ductor, £72.
* Includes April.
^ Excludes soap and cleaning,
incli^ded under 30.
- Subscription.
' Seasons not defined.
' Soap and cleaningnot differ-
entiated from sundries.
* Figures for 1914.
' Attendanttakesprofitsfiom
hire of towels and costumes
- Conversion from water-filter
beds.
Education Committee pay
admission and provide in-
struction for sch. children.
» Let, rental £55 per an.
' Includes .April and Oct.
> Includes £4 undiffcrcnti
a ted.
> Let at £10 per annum.
' Without box or towej, Id.
» Excludes 25 hrs. weekly,
reser\'Cd for schools.
' Open till sunset during Oct.
* Excludes schools* instructor
provided by Education
Committee.
Sell, children, 600 weekly.
' Whilsun to September.
Finance for 1914-15.
1 204 season tickets, 332
■single, also free admissions.
' Education Committee pro-
vide supervision for school
children.
> 39 season, 3147 single
tickets, also sch. children.
* Gift and subscription.
* Middle May to 3rd week
Sept.
* Education Committee pay
1/6 per class, and provide
instniction.
78
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
.N'A.ME OF PLACH
POPIM.A-
nioN
Capital
Cost
Rate
AID
IN
Terms
OP Id.
PERCENTACRS
Scalp of
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
to
Expendi-
S«-imming Bath
Private
B.ith
Fees
W.isli.
House
Other
Items
Rale
Ait]
Charge
for
Piemises
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneous
Male
Female
Cliil-
dren
Male
Female
Salaries,
etc.
Other
Items
1
2
3
1
S
6
7
S
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
LEICESTERSHIRE'
C.B. Leicester .
227,222
£
*
«
67^4
4?-6
••
Vestry St.
«
*
*
499
•
20-4
«
*
50^1
4d.[3d.]
4d.[3d.]
id.^d.'
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.
3d.
Bath Lane
«
*
*
65^4
*
22-9
•
*
34-6
3d. [2d.]
3d.
id.,jd.'
5 6d.,
3d., 2d.
s6d.
Sd., 2d.
Belgrave
«
•
«
603
*
29'4
*
«
397
2Jd.,
Id.'
2Jd-,
Id.'
jd.'
s3d.
s3d.
Humberstone
Aylcstonc and
Kiiighton .
*
*
«
*
•
*
050
71-5
•
27-1
27^9
•
•
*
*
350
28-5
2id.,
ld.»
2Jd.,
Id.'
2}d.,
Id.'
2Jd.,
Id.'
jd.'
id.'
s3d.
s3d.
s3d.
s3d.
Bedehow^e and
Abbey Meadow
M.B. Loughborough .
22i990
»
4,500 '
*
■39
61-1
••
i'i
88-1
37-3
•
o7^2
33-4
*
*
119
62-7
IJd.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
3d!,'2d.
id.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
U.DC. Hinckley .
12,837
3,200
2-25
approx .
36-7
033
56-4
196
23^5
•4
36-7
*d.,3d.,
2d.
4d.,3d.,
2d.
Id.
s4d.
s4d.
Market Har-
borough
8,853
2,400 =
1-2
*
•
57^4
26-0
23^4
451
5-4
426
Gd.,4d.,
2fi.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
s6d.,
4d.
s6d.,
4d.
Oadby
LINCOLNSHIRE
C.B. Lincohi ' .
BouUham Baths
2.009
57,285
♦
1,100 =
*
1-66
approx.
•5
approx.
50^5
6^4
495
951
935
5-3
371
29-5
19-8
589'
431
6-3'
505
4-8
6-4
(3/) 2d.
2d., F.
(3/) 2d.
2d., F.
Id.
ld.^id..
.(2d.
s2d.
WickhamGdtu.
West Common
M.B. Boston
10,073
900
unknown
3850
•33
approx.
•83
approx.
3-9
958
lODO
171
378
236
62^2
59-2
39
2d., F.
F.
*
2d., F.
•
Id., F.
F.
•
••
Grantham
Bathing Place
Wharf Rd.' .
Stamford .
20,070
9,047
•
Subsciip-
tion
970
•3
■1
•45
66-7
57-8
'.'.
8-'3
23
23-3
393
6-7
46^8
76-7
353
150
173
76'7
OO^l
(4/),
lJd.,F.
(5/6) >
[{3/6)],'
5d.,3d.'
(4/),
lid., F.
(4/),'
5d.,3d.'
ld'.,'F.
(2/6),'
5d.,3d.'
s6a.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
U.D.C. aeethorf>es{G.C.R
Pier Baths) F.
21,417
•
Ot'.
6d.
•
•
•
Hortieastle
3,900
unknown
•
333
66'7
35-4
G4^e
33-3
(2/C),
3d., Id.
(2/6),
3d., Id.
(!/),?•
Sltaford .
0,427
• i
•04
83-3
28
139
27^8
61-1
5^0
n-e
80^1
(4/),
2d., Id.
'i*5.
(2/6), F.
■•
79
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE Hours per week
(May to September)
Turkish
B.iths
Wash-
House
Swimming
Bath
Chil-
dren
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
Sid.
s3d.,
2d.
71
71
57'
57'
60 »
*
73
69 =
ST
72
57
72
59
12 >
Private
Baths
Wash
House
(October to April)
Swimming
Bath
Op
Op
Gy
nas
Fe-
male
Gy m-
nas lura
Open
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
sed
sed
Clo
Clo sed
Closed
Clo sed
Clo
sed'
Clo sed
Clo sed
Clo
sed
Private
B.ltl)5
Wash.
House
Fe-
male
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
m.ile
Sum.
mer
Total
in
Wiii-
ESTAE-
LISH-
MKNT
1879
1891
1S97
1900
1905
«
1892
1910
1896
1914
1888
1863
I9i:i
* Includes Turkish bathers
- Includes laundr>' for towel-
washing, income, £591 ; ex-
penditure, £4:18. Income
includes saleof book-tickets
for use at nil baths, £12.
' Excludes towel.
■ For use of towels, etc.
' In classes.
' In classes.
- Use of all 3 baths, 12 hrs.
^ For use of towels, etc.
* Excludes towel.
' Includes bath hire.
- Also 14 hrs. for sch. children
^ For use of towels, etc.
* Excludes towel.
' Also 14 hrs. for sch. children
- For use of towels, etc.
^ Excludes towel.
' Includes 12 sprays.
- In connection with sprays.
^ Also 10 hrs. for sch. children
' For use of towels, etc.
^ Excludes towel.
^ Incl.£110, undifferentiated.
2 Gift.
^ Friday and Saturday.
' Includes alteration to chim-
ney and lightning con-
ductor, £72.
- Includes April.
' Excludes soap and cleaning,
included under 30.
- Subscription.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Soap and cleaning not differ-
entiated from sundries.
' Figures for 1914.
^ Attendant takes profits from
hire of towels and costumes
* Conversion from water-filter
beds.
Education Committee pay
admission and pro\ide in-
struction for sch. childreD.
• Let, rental £55 j-er an.
' Includes April and Oct.
> Includes £4 undifferenti
ated.
1 Let at £10 per annum.
> Without box or towel, Id.
' Excludes 25 hrs. weekly,
rese^^'ed for schools.
' Open till sunset during Oct.
• Excludes schools' instructor
provided by Education
Committee.
Sch. childn-'n, 500 weekly.
> W'liilsun to September.
Finance for 1914-15.
» 204 season tickets, 332
single, also free admissions.
' Education Committee pro-
vide supcr\'ision for schoo)
children.
' 39 season, 3147 single
tickets, also sch. children.
* Gift and subscription.
' Middle May to 3rd week
Sept.
* Education Committee pay
1/6 per class, and provide
instruction.
80
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIM.M[.\G
Baths
S1.1PPEK AND SPRAV BATHS
Name of place
POPULA-
T10.\
Ni.raber
Area
Bathers
Number
Bnthers
Bathers per
Bath or Spr.iy
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadth
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
S
9
10
11
12
13
14
U
LONDON
Met. B. Battersca .
107,743
2
7
ft.
ft.
203,565
63,883
257,448
112
36
148
116,419
22,889
139,308
1039
636
Latchmere Rd.
2
6>
100
100
75
75'
«
35
30
25
25 >
*
186,415
45,533
181,948
63
15
78
60,040
11,236
77,276
1048
749
Nine Elms
1
150
50
67,150
8,350
75,500
38
12
50
32,296
5,682
37,978
850
473
Plough Rd.i .
11
9
20
18,083
5,971
24,054
1644
663
♦Bennondsev
Spa Rd.
12.->,903
90,000
approx.
4
78
88
4.5
45
137,501
73,367
44,685
23,659
182,14ft
07,020
101
51
27
12
128
63
76,197
42,490
17,313
8,173
93,510
60,663
754
833
641
681
Rotherhilhe .
Bethnal Green
L.C.C. .
Excelsior Baths
Oxford House
P.
35,000
appros.
128,183
2
90
129
45
45
64,194
20,920
85,120
60
41
15
25
05
66
33,707
07,068
9,140
34,703
42,847
101,761
074
1636
609
1388
•Camberwell
2(S1 ,:'.2S
0
•■
215,947
79,434
295,381
207
89
296
207,434
73,178
280.612
1002
822
Old Kent Rd.
2
75
75
30
30
07,362
22,942
90,294
74
24
98
69,405
23,950
83,355
803
998
Dulwich
2
120
65
35
60
72,400
29,360
101,760
41
15
56
39,915
12,057
51,972
974
804
Camberwell .
2
120
120
35
76,195
27,132
103,327
60
32
92
74,574
■
25,160
99,734
1243
780
Wells St.
••
••
••
32
18
50
33,540
12,011
45,551
1048
667
•Chelsea .
66,385
1
2
100
30
28
62,114
40,514
102,628
59
31
90
54,466
25,083
79,649
923
809
• Figures differ in certain inspects from those given in London Statistics, vol. xxv.
81
APPENDIX I
TURKISH ANP KfSSIAN IJ.\Tn>-
Total atfendancr
Male jreiiiale
14,687
14,687
319,984
202,455
99,446
18,083
213,758
115,857
97,901
67,058
112,315
150,769
33,540
116,380
76,772
14,032
61,898
31,832
30,066
34,703
!,292
12,011
65,597
ATTENDANCE PER lOOO
OF Population
Swiniming
Bath
396,756
259,224
113,478
24,054
275,656
147,689
127,967
101,761
590,680
203,061
182,177
1535
1447
1078
2432
1130
Private
Baths
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
830
743
563
1224
794
2189
1641
3650
794
1198 2744
wash-housrs
Accommodation
Manijling
Ironing
Washers DATE
per Stall OF
ESTAB-
LISH
MtST
52,816 I 436
40,185
12,631
29,762
17,810
17,386
10,750
16,450
13,794
591
238
L.C.C. pay Id. per sch. child
and provide tuition.
' Includes insurance deduc-
tions, £18.
Includes general expenses,
£127.
1889 ' 1 for boys only,
added to ^ Gymnasium, recreation
1904 room, and hall.
' Includes steam power to
other departments, £116.
* Insurance included under
30.
' Includes carting towels,
£41
" Includes g>-mnasiura, £65,
recreation room, £40.
' Includes April.
" Boys' bath.
1901 * Insurance included under
30.
* Includes April.
268
237
332
1906
1853
idded t
1885
1880
1900
^ Institute for reading and
recreation.
^ Insurance included under
30.
' Includes water.
* Includes carting towels,£10,
^ Includes steam from de-
structor, £240.
* Includes current for motor
running shafting, £60.
' 3d. in winter.
' Offices over bath.
' 3d. in winter.
L.C.C. Schools and Oxford
House clubs instruct in
swimming.
' Also electric and Russian
baths.
' Excludes central adminis-
tration.
' Also electric and Russian
baths.
* Includes rent from pro-
perty, £32.
' Includes expenses re pro-
perty, £36.
* Seasons not defined.
' Includes general superin-
tendent.
1892 ' Includes rent from land,
dded to £50.
1910 ' Includes superannuation,
£12, expenses r land,
£12.
' Includes additional land, i
* Seasons not defined.
^28 jg92 > Includes rents from pro- 1
dded to pcrty, £156.
1910 * Includes expenses re pro-
perty, £126.
* Includes additional land.
* Seasons not defined.
1903 ' For hcatinK library'.
Site freehold, gift; leases
purchased by Council.
* Seasons not defined.
1893 ' Includes towels and cos-
?ebuilt turncs.
1907 ' .-Vrlesian well on premises.
* Includes £164, undifieren
tiatcd.
* Per dozen tickets.
* For 4 children under 8. I
82
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
POPULA-
TION
Bath Fees
LONDON
Met. B. Battersea .
Latchmere Rd.
167,743
I'rivate Spray
Nine Elms
Plough Rd.' .
•Bennondsey
Spa Rd.
Rotherhithe .
Bethnal Green
L.C.C. .
Excelsior Baths
Oiford House
P.
•Camberwell
Old Kent Rd.
Dulwich .
Camberwell
WeUs St.
•Chelsea .
12.i,903
90,000 540
approx.
35,000 611
approx.
128,183
483
1109
683
66,38;
457
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Ticlcets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
849
10
Con-
Swim- tribu-
tion for
Scliool
Ciiildren
65
Wash-
HOUSEi
Pay-
ments
Rent
FOR
Premises
Miscellaneous
25 2213
809
1137
11
£
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
305 239
1038
2617
2339
203
396
Soap
23
396 20
Total
receipts
P""' Total
Items
126 ■
102
126
45 43 =
33
110
£
5446 •
3747
180 ' 305 3358
3000
1537
1463
1767
202
83
APPENDIX I
DEFICIT
MET
10,434
4,510
5,451
2,981
1,129
1,852
2,010
13,970
6,514
1,708
3,337
TOTAL
Income
£
15,880
6,874
622
5,981
2,(iOS
3,315
3,777
23,428'
9,709
3,844
3,178
6,849
EXPENDirnKE
Charges for tkemi^^es
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
2120
Rates.
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
268
458
1380
2004 541
newals
and
Repairs
1069
3702
4362
585
189 585
516
550
381
5673
1814
2919
180S
3016
Bath Upkeep
Salaries
and
Wanes
23
£
1815
1218
1337
1954
1094
728
Heating
and
Lighting
24
£
934
1601
518
2236 1421
268
155
295
74
12'
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
21
58
Soap
ana
Ctean-
62
84
85
30
29
4353
320
2681
3949
1351
Miscellaneous
Printing I
and I Other
St.^-tion- Items
18
76
16
59
165 »i 180
« *
T.VI AL
-iXPIiNUI-
Tl-'KU
Datk
OF
ESTAU
LISH
MHNT
£
15,880 '
8,257
6,874
1889
added to
1904
1906
5,981
2,666 1853
tdded t
1885
3.315 1880
3.777 1900
23,428 "
3,844
6,096
1892
dded to
1910
189;
dded to
1910
3,178 1903
6,849'
1803
Rebuilt
1007
L.C.C. pay Id. per sch. child
and provide tuition.
' Includes insurance deduc
tions, £18.
- Includes general expenses,
£127.
' 1 for boys only.
" Gymnasium, recreation
room, and hall.
Includes steam power to
other departments, £116.
Insurance included under
30.
* Includes carting towels,
£41
* Includes gymnasium, £65,
recreation room, £40.
' Includes April.
« Boys' bath.
* Insurance included under
30.
Includes April.
* Institute for reatiing and
recreation.
- Insurance included under
30.
' Includes water.
* Includes carting towels,£10.
' Includes steam from de-
structor, £240.
^ Includes current for motor
running shafting, £60.
^ 3d. in winter.
^ Offices over bath.
' 3d. in winter.
L.C.C. Schools and Oxford
House clubs instruct in
swimming.
* Also electric and Russian
baths.
' Excludes central adminis-
tration.
' .Mso electric and Russian
baths.
* Includes rent from pro-
perty, £32.
' Includes expenses re pro-
perty, £36.
* Seasons not defined.
' Includes general superin-
tendent.
> Includes rent from land,
£50.
' Includes superannuation,
£12, expenses r land,
£12.
* Includes additional land.
* Seasons not defined.
* Includes rents from pro-
perty, £156.
* Includes expenses re pro-
perty, £126. I
» Includes additional land.
* Seasons not defined.
* For hcatinK library.
'Site freehold, gill; leases
purchased by Council.
» Seasons not defined.
' Includes towels and cos-
tumes.
' Artesian well on premises.
' Includes £164, undifiereo
tiated.
Per dozen tickets.
For 4 children under 8.
84
C REPOKT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Capital
Cost
Rate
AID
IN
TBkMS
Percentages
SCALE III
POPULA-
TION
"lN£
.\AME OF PLACF.
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
10
Expeudi.
ture
Swimming Batti
Privau
n.ilh
l-ec5
W.Tih-
House
Olher
Rale
A 111
Cliarfre
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel-
Lmeous
Male
Female
Chil.
dreii
Male
Tcniale
Salaries,
etc.
Other
IteiiLs
1
2
3
4
B
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
10 i 16
LONDON
Met. B. Battersea .
167,743
-
£
108,741
2-00
65^7
343
Latchmere Rd.
45,553
*
26^8
13-8
4^8
54-6
44^8
220
30^7
25
45-4
r,d.[3d.]
2d.
4d.[3d.]
2d.
2d., Id.
6d.,2d.
6d.,2d.
Nine Elms .
59,-l09
•
12^6
44
3-6
79-3
63-5
17-7
17-4
14
20-7
3d., 2d.
2d.
Id.
4d.,2d.
4d., 2.d.
Plough Rd.' .
3,778
«
413
58^5
46-3
314
2M
1-3
41-3
4d.,2d.
4d.,2d.
•Bennondsey
Spa Rd.
125,903
90,000
approx.
55,025
22,500
•8
•3
38-9
14-7
i'l
49-8
42-3
2i-9
4i-7
3.')'7
'■0
50-2
577
ld.>'2d.
4d."'2d.
id.
4id.,
2id.
4jd.,
2id.
Rotherhilbc .
35,000
32,525
•5
30^0
10-4
3-7
55^9
176
40-3
40^5
1^5
44^1
4-J.» 2d.
4d.» 2d.
Id.
4id.,
4Jd.,
Bethna! Green
L.C.C. .
Excelsior Baths
Oxford House
P. .
128,183
*
•99
«
*
*
S3^2
♦
*
«
•
46 8
4d. Id.,
..
2Jd.
•
2Jd.
*
•Camberweli
201,328
165,717
2-58
596
••
40^4
Old Kent Rd.
71,559
1-20
27^0
27
32
B7^1
58^4
20-1
20-5
■9
32^9
4d.[3d.]
2d.
4d.[3d.]
2d.
Id.
7d.,5d.,
3d.
7d.,5d.,
3d.
Dulwich
25,875'
■32
42-4
13-2
444
47-2
28^5
22^8
15
556
8d.[4d.]
2d.
6d.[4d.]
2d.
8d.,ld.
7d.,Bd.,
8d.
7d.,5d.,
3d.
Camberweli .
45,209'
■02
349
5^9
93
49^8
43-6
27^6
26^1
2-7
50-1
8d.[4d.]
2d.
6d.[4d.]
2d.
3d., Id.
7d.,3d.
7d.,5d.
3d.
Wells St.
23,073'
•44
144
8^3
1-5
759
56-9
22^9
196
■0
242
• •
5d.,3d.
5d.,3d.
•Chelsea .
60,385
33,002
131
*
*
70^4
44-0
32-6
«
•
296
{5/,2/6)'
6d.,3d.
(5/,2/6)«
6d.,Sd.
3d., 2d.
6d., 2id
4d. 2id.
85
APPENDIX I
ijd.
4d.,3d.
2d.
4d.,3d.
2d.
Wash-
House
male
1/
2/,l/6 2/,l/6
1/
3d.,2dJ
4d. 2Jd.
Id.'
First
Hour
IJd.
lid.
AVERAGE HOURb PER WEEK
(May to September)
Swimming
Bath
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
2nd&
3rd
l{d.
tth &
5th
2d.
0th,
etc.
6d.
2nd&
3rd
Hd.
4th i
5th 2«1.
6th,
etc.6d.
IJd. IJd,
IJd.
Ud.
lid.
ltd.
lid.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Fe-
male
Private
Baths
93-
76 ' 100
53
100
81
81
76
Wash-
House
(October to April)
Swimming
■ Bath
Fe-
male
72
76 72
S9
33 « 90«; 81'
28* 90* 81*
40' 90 « 81' 60'
49 . 63
81'
68
60"
Ha
58
Us (5)
Ha
Us
Ha Us
Clo
sed
Private
Batlls
Fe-
male
67
67
67
81
75'
75'
63
52
52
75'
75'
Wash
House
Whole Time ^"^ Time
or Juiiiorb
75 * 55 *
75'
55 =
Fe-
male
Fe-
male
Sum-
mer
Total
Win.
Estab-
lish
MENT
13
12
20
13
1889
added t
1904
1853
added to
1885
1880
1900
13
20
1905
189:
added to
1910
1892
added to
1910
1893
Rebuilt
1907
L.C.C. pay Id. per sch. child
and provide tuition.
^ Includes insurance deduc-
tions, £18.
' Includes general expenses,
£127.
* 1 for boys only.
- Gymnasium, recreation
room, and hall.
' Includes steam power to
other departments, £116.
* Insurance included under
30.
^ Includes carting towels,
£41
* Includes gj'mnasiura, £65,
recreation room, £40.
' Includes April.
* Boys' bath.
' Insurance included under
30.
' Includes April.
' Institute for reading and
recreation.
^ Insurance included under
30.
^ Includes water.
* Includes carting towels,£10.
^ Includes steam from de-
structor, £240.
* Includes current for niolor
running shafting, £60.
^ 3d. in winter.
' Offices over bath.
^ 3d. in winter.
L.C.C. Schools and Oxford
House clubs instruct in
swimming.
* Also electric and Russian
baths.
* Excludes central adminis-
tration.
' Also electric and Russian
baths.
' Includes rent from pro-
perty, £32.
* Includes expenses re pro-
perty, £36.
* Seasons not defined.
* Includes general superin-
tendent.
' Includes rent from land,
£50.
Includes superannuation,
£12, expenses r land,
£12.
* Includes additional land.
* Seasons not defined. ,
' Includes rents from pro-
perty, £156.
* Includes expenses re pro-
perty. £126.
* Includes additional land.
* Seasons not defined.
* For heating librar>'.
*Sitc freehold, gift; leases
purchased by Council.
* Seasons not defined.
> Includes towels and cos
tumc$.
' .Artesian well on prcnises.
* Includes £164, undiflereo
tiated.
* Per dozen tickets.
* For 4 children under 8.
86
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING
BAIHS
Slipi'ER and spray Baths
Name of place
I'Oi'LLA-
TION
NUL.I
jcr
Area
Bathers
Number
Bajliers
Bathcrii per ,
Bath or Spray
Femak'>
only
Total
I.engtli Breadth
Mate
Female
lul...
M..le
l^emale
Tolal
Male
Female
Tolal
Male
Female
109,4im
1
2
3
«
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
LOUDON.— conlinued
Deplford
Laurie Grove,
New Cross .
2
ft.
110
80
ft.
35
27
75,215
21,615
96,830
45
15
60
53,075
11,688
64,763
1179
779
Udcrloii Kd. .
•I'ulhara .
153,2S4
1
3
60
100
125
20
30
33
124,266
50^156
174,422
59
25
18
84
76,936
22ii45
99,081
1304
886
Greenwich L.C.C.
•Hackney .
9:.,yo8
222,533
1
3
*
120
90
80
•
40
35
30
42,221
139,263
11,845
57,442
54,066
196,705
33
73
10
33
43
106
30,040
116,144
5,260
58,597
35,300
174,741
910
1591
526
1776
•HaiiuiRrbtiiilli .
121,-,-JI
105
100
35
30
99.325
33,000
132,325
42'
21 =
63
54,661
21,000
75,661
1301
1000
llainpstead
S5,.|'.ir.
2
4
*
•
•
81
35,755
11,511
47,274'
58
4
Central Batbs
4
100
100
90
56
35
35
35
25
*
*
•
36
IS
54
19.662
9,831
•29,493
546
540
Flask Walk .
••
••
•■
••
0
5,237
723
5,960
66
2
Palmerston
Rd., Kilbum
15
■i
18
10,856
957
11,821'
724
319
•Holbom .
49,357
-
90
50
28
40
«
«
138,230
55
15
70
91,708
20,896
112,604
1667
1393
Islington .
327,403
4
10
271,792
122,076
393,868
229
94
323
229,585
87,610
317,195 1003
932
Homscy Rd. ,
135,179
■1
132
100
75
75
40
35
25
25
114,103
59,073
173,176
101
38
139
90,131
36,392
126,523
892
958
Essex Rd. .
98,832
1
3
90
05
50
30
30
20
00,013
32,959
122,972
69
34
93
75,820
28,917
104,737
1285
850
• Figures differ in certain respects from those given in London Statistics, vol. xxv.
87
APPENDIX I
lUKKlSH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
AccOlli-
iiioda-
tion
TOTAl. ATTF.NDANCE
20 21
128,290
6U59
7013
201,202
72,261 17,105
263,747' 116,993
33,303
72,301
153,986
5,237
10,856
* •
5-1,000
161,J9:J
273,503
89.366
380,740
5,960
957 11,821 »
AlTENDANCE PER lOOO
OF Population
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
1138
563
884
646
368
785
553
501,377
204,234
165,833
209,686
95,465
250,834
711,063
299,609
227,709
2801
1203
1281
Total
including
Turkisli
and
Ru^ian
WASH-HOUSES
Accomiiiodatic
Stalls Mangling
931
1711
1712
1060
30
39
2172
2217
2304
Ironing
14,284
235,00
appro X.
9,000
approx.
14,500
approx.
34,018 597
96,082
27,331
39.725
Washers tJATF
per ., OF
Stall tSTAB.
LISH-
MENT
9,492 279 ^^98
216
801
1915
1902
1851
1897
idded to
1899
1907
517
558
Taken
over
1908
Taken
over
1908
1853
idded to
190:
189:
iddcd to
1900
1895
' Includes for laundry, £9.
' Includes heating, and light-
ing town hall, £100.
3 Includes machinery, £236.
* Well on premises.
* Includes engine-roora stores
* Includes chair repairs, £43.
' Closed on Saturday.
* Seasons not defined.
' Includes staff for heating,
lighting and water supply
of town hall.
' Gymnasium, recreation
rooms, etc.
- Machinery, £265.
' " General stores."
* Closed on Saturday.
* Seasons not defined.
' Permanently closed, 1914.
' Includes 2281 admissions
by season ticket, to ^vhich
bath not stated. ,
~ Includes electricity lor
power, £22.
^ Includes £1195 undifferen-
tiated.
' Includes 24 sprays.
* Includes 12 sprays.
^ Includes spray bath fees.
* Rent for land!
Includes water.
Includes 8 children.
Excludes uniforms.
' Includes gymnasium (
penses, £134, " establish-
ment charges," £306.
> 1st CI. 12 months, 2nd CI.
summer.
* Winter hours, excluding
April, 14.
Excludes soap.
> Includes 8 children.
* Excludes soap.
1 Includes school admissioDS,
£201.
' Includes towel wasliing for
institutions, £167.
' 2 under 8 years, 3d.
' Washing and drying only.
General Superintendent not
included in staff.
' Includes £6 included under
col. 2.
= Included under cols. 2 & 10,
' Incuine from soap (-3%) in-
cluded under fees and
wash-house receipts,
well as under sutidries.
* Per dozen tickets.
* Spray.
• Seasons not defined.
' Rate collector's office.
' Includes £0 included under
col. 2.
• Included under cols. 2 & 10.
* Income from soap {'3%) in-
cluded under fees and
wash-house receipts, as
well as under sundries.
Per dozen tickets.
• ?pray.
~ Seasons not defioed.
88
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
INCOME
Bath Fees
vash-
HOUSE
Pay-
lENTS
RENT
FOR
Premises
Miscellaneous
Total
Receipts
NAME OI^ PLACE
Pom i.A-
IION
Swim'
miii^'
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
^liildren
Total
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
other
Items
Total
109,400
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
16
LOtiDON .—continued
Dcptford
Laurie Grove,
New Cross .
£
794
£
822
£
£
£
£
49
£
£
£
1664
£
203
£
466
£
21
£
63'
£
111'
£
195
£
2530
UilerLoii Kd. .
•Fulhaiu .
15;i,281
1337
1268
..
39
..
2644
307
286 •
24
36
61
3298
Greeiuvich L.C.C.
•Hackney .
9f.,ac.8
2^2,533
«
*
«
•
82
*
4277
•
-■
*
617
•
•
•
109
•
109
894
5003
•Hainmtrstiiilli .
121, Ml
1300
970 >
•
•■
•■
2270
350
350
85
•■
32'
117
3087
llainpstcad
sr,,4iis
..
3515
Central Baths
1626
397
••
17
319
2360
567
34
14
25
73
2999
Flask Walk .
64
..
64
160
.■
2
..
3
227
Palmerston
Rd., Kilburn
••
130
•■
130
160
2
7
9
289
•HolUorn .
4U,307
1593'
1624
••
165
3382
966
18
97
173 =
289
4637
Islington .
327,4U;
9536
Hornsey Rd. .
135,17!
1841
1618
64
3613
597
27'
24 »
31
82
4162
Essex Rd.
I
08,83;
907
1188
27
•■
••
2122
790
10'
16'
19"
15
49
2946
1
89
APPENDIX I
DEFICIT
MET BY
Assess-
ment
3,924
G,531
624
4,934
Total
Income
18
£
6,453
9,828
1,518
9,937
3,691
3,131
327
7,206
6,310
233 522
2,925 7,562
11,438
3,964
20,971
8,126
3,626
6,572
EXPENDirURE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
19
£
1884
4088
4322
2599
Rates,
Taxes.
Insur-
812
840
332
19
24
613
520
Re-
n-f Total
Repairs
21
£ : £
443 • 2936
701
251
270
908
5523
5413
4299
429 3091
BATH Upkeep
Salaries
and
Wages
23
£
1983
2456
1300
1910
1485
Heating
and
Lighting
24
£
1121
1118
1921'
739
172
180
1229
452
271
829
36
34
932
515
Towe
and
Cos-
tumes
133
87
144
57
30
Soap
antl
Clean-
ing
27
£
146'
106'
223
28
£
3383
4198
3401
Miscellaneous
Printing
and
Station-
ery
53
46
Other
Items
14
135'
107
80
TOTAL
EXPENDI-
TURE
6,435
1,518
9,937 =
7,206
6,130 ■■
554
522
7,562
20,971
8,126
6,672
IJAIK
Ol-
HSIAB-
REMARKS
LISH-
MENl-
1898
* Includes for laundry, £9.
' Includes heating, and light-
ing town hall, £100.
^ Includes machinery, £236.
* Well on premises.
5 Includes engine-room stores
' Includes chair repairs, £43.
' Closed on Saturday.
^ Seasons not defined.
^ Includes staff for heating,
lighting and water supply
of town hall.
1915
1902
* Gymnasium, recreation
rooms, etc.
2 Machinery, £265.
' " General stores."
* Closed on Saturday.
* Seasons not defined.
1851
^ Permanently closed, 1914.
1897
' Includes 2281 admissions
added to
by season ticket, to which
1899
bath not stated.
2 Includes electricity for
power, £22.
3 Includes £1195 undifferen-
tiated.
1907
* Includes 24 sprays.
^ Includes 12 sprays.
' Includes spray bath fees.
• Rent for laud.
^ Includes water.
* Includes 8 children.
1886
' Excludes uniforms.
= Includes gymnasium ex-
penses, £134, " establish-
ment charges," £306.
' 1st CI. 12 months, 2nd CI.
summer.
* Winter hours, excluding
.April, 14.
Takeu
» Excludes soap.
over
1908
Taken
' Includes 8 children.
over
' Excludes soap.
190S
1853
^ Includes school admissions.
added to
£201.
1902
' Includes towel washing for
institutions, £167.
» 2 under 8 years, 3d.
• Washing and drying ouly.
General Superintendent not
included in staff.
1892
1 Includes £6 included under
added to
col. 2.
1900
= Included under cols. 2 & 10.
* Income from soap (-3%) in-
cluded under fees and
wash-house receipts, as
well as under sundries.
* Per dozen tickets.
* Spray.
* Seasniis not defined.
1895
> Rate collector's office.
' Includes £G included under
col. 2.
* Included under cols. 2 & 10.
• Income from soap {-3%) in-
cluded under fees and
wash-house receipts, as
well as under sundries.
* Per dozen tickets.
• ?pray.
' Seasons not defined.
90
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name oi- I'lace
1-ONDON .—conlinued
Deptford
Laurie Grove,
New Cross .
lldciloM Kd.
♦I'ulhain
Greenwich L.C.C.
♦Hackney ,
•llainiiiersuiith
llampsttad
Central Baths
Palinerstoii
Rd., Kilburn
•Holboni
Islington .
Homsey Rd. .
Essex Rd.
95,908
222,533
327.40;
135,171
Capital
RATE
AID
COST
Tekms
PERCENTAGES
Scale of
OF Id.
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming Bath
Private
Expendi-
ture
Bath
Fees
Wash-
Honse
Othei
Items
Kate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneous
Male
Female
Chil-
dren
Male
Female
Salaries,
etc.
other
Items
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
11
16
16
£
48,695
1-54
25^8
3^1
10^2
60^8
45^5
30-7
21^7
21
39-2
6d-[4d.]
2d.
0d^^4d.]
3d., Id.,
id.
7d., 3d.
7d., 3d.
*
81,994
1-85
26-9
3-1
3-5
06-5
56-2
25-0
17'7»
i'l
33-6
6d.'(4d.]
2d.
6d!,'2d.
3d!,'ld.
6d.2Jd.
6d."2id.
*
75,045
•23
101
*
430
*
*
73
41-1
49^7
*
*
2S^6
*
*
*
*
58-9
50-3
*
6d.[4d.]
2d.
«
6d.[4d.]
2d.
«
3d., Id.
•
6d.,2d.
*
6d., 2d.
62,000
*
«
*
*
•
*
*
*
*
«
6d.[4d.]
3d. [2d.:
6d.[4d.]
3d. [2d.:
3d,, Id.
6d. 2}d.
6d. 2Jd.
39,845
■848
512
48^8
39,845
•72
38-5
10-4
511
38-1
27^8
«
♦
48^9
(21/),
(7/6),»
6d.,4d.,
2d.
(21/),
(7/6),'
6d.,4d.,
2d.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
1/1, 7d.
3d.
1/1, 7d.,
3d.
Leased
•075
116
28^9
•5
590
26^2
32^3
*
♦
410
5d.,3d.
5d., 3d.
Lc.nsed
•053
24-9
28-7
1-7
44-6
239
333
«
«
55-4
5d., 3d.
5d.,3d.
60,882
•6
44^7
12^8
3-8
38-7
394
236
36-2
•8
61-3
6d.,2d.
6d., 2d.
Id.
7d., 3d
7d., 3d.
155,613
15
54-3
455
62,556
•5
432 »
7-3 »
10 >
48^8
520
235
22^4
1-2
51^2
(4/6) «
lid.[4d.]
2d.
(4/6) «
6d.[4d.]
2d.
4d., Id.
(4/6) '
6d.3Jd.'
2jd.'
(4/6) <
0d.3Jd.'
2}d.'
44,052
•5
322 •
120'
•9<
55-2
470
22-6
292
12
448
(4/6),'
Sd.[4d.]
2d.
(4/6),'
6d.[4d.]
2d.
4d.,ld.
(4/6),'
6d.3dJ.«
2Jd.
(4/6),'
6d.3»d.«
2Jd.
91
APPENDIX I
Chil-
dren
Turkish
Batlis
Fe-
male
Wash-
House
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
Ud.
l*d.
IJd.
9d.
IJd.
i 7d., 3d.
Id."
7d..3d.>
IJd.
IJd.
IJd.,
Id,'
litd.
.5 th,
etc.,
3d.
■-•11,1,
1!<1.
:U'd It
Jth2d
Stll,
etc.,
4d.
2ijd-
6th,
lid-
Aft«r
6th 3d.
2ll(t-
6th.
lid.
After
6tli3d.
2nd,
IJd.
3rd,
etc.
2d.
Average hours per week
(May to September)
Swimming
Bath
89'
IJd. Id.
Id.
IJd. Id.
so
89
89
Private Wash-
Baths House
90
81
14
89'
(1)79'
(2)H
and
{1)H
(2)73
(1)H
(2)0
60
60
72
(October to April)
Swiiinning
Bath
Fe-
male
(1) HaUs «
(2) •
aUs
Gvm
62
(3)G
50
all
ren
24
ym-
25
Private
Baths
60
Fe-
male
Wash
House
57 ■
72
12
75
80*1 80' 80 « 80 «
80'
80'
60
Fe-
male
20 11
14 10
14
10
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Sum-
mer
25
25
25
33
25
HSTAH-
LISH-
mi:nt
1898
1915
1902
1851
1897
added t
1899
1907
Takeu
over
1908
Taken
over
1908
1853
added to
1902
189:
added to
1900
1895
1 Includes for laundry, £9.
' Includes heating, and light-
ing town hall, £100.
' Includes machinery, £236.
* Well on premises.
* Includes engine-room stores
* Includes chair repairs, £43.
" Closed on Saturday.
* Seasons not defined.
* Includes staff for heating,
lighting and water supply
of town hall.
' Gynmasium, recreation
rooms, etc.
^ Machinery, £265.
^ " General stores."
* Closed on Saturday.
^ Seasons not defined.
* Permanently closed, 1914.
' Includes 2281 admissions
by season ticket, to which
bath not stated.
^ Includes electricity for
power, £22.
' Includes £1195 undifferen-
tiated.
^ Includes 24 sprays.
^ Includes 12 sprays.
3 Includes sprav bath fees.
* Rent for land.
* Includes water.
* Includes 8 children.
^ Excludes uniforms.
= Includes gymnasium ex-
penses, £134, *' establish-
ment charges," £306.
» 1st CI. 12 months, 2nd CI.
summer.
* Winter hours, excluding
April, 14.
^ Excludes soap.
' Includes 8 childieii.
2 Excludes soap.
> Includes school admissions,
£201.
* Includes towel washing for
institutions, £167.
' 2 under 8 years, 3d.
* Washinj^ and drying only.
General Superintendent not
included in staff.
> Includes £6 included under
col. 2.
= Inclutlcd under cols. 2 & 10.
' iTicusne from soap (-3%) in-
cluded under fees and
wa>li -house receipts, as
well as under sundries.
* Per dozen tickets.
* Spray.
* Seasons not defined.
' Rate collector's office.
* Includes £6 included under
col. 2.
' Included under cols. 2 & 10.
* Income from soap ('3%) in-
cluded under fees and
wash-house receipts, as
well as under sundries.
* Per dozen tickets.
« ?pray.
' Seasons not defined.
92
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name oi-' place
LONDON.— conlmiwaJ
Islington.— con(.
Caledonian Rd
*Kenaingtou
Lauibetb L.C.C.
•Lewisham '
Ladywi-ll .
Forest HiU ,
Lower Syden-
ham L.C.C.
r.iddington L.C.C
♦Poplar
Poplar Balbs
How Haths
Island Baths .
St. Marylebone
L.C.C. .
•St. Pancras
King St.
POPI.'I.A-
91,485
298,058
10l),.S31
90,000
approx.
70,000
approx.
1 42,.151
102,442
SWIMMING BATHS
Females
only
118,160
il8,3S7
liO.OOO
approx.
VVkitfield St. . 80,000
approx.
Prince of Wak-;
Rd. .
100,000
approx.
U1,:«K}
Leiifjtii
ft.
90
75
90
90
87
90
57
4 • 100
100
87
50
I
ft.
30
25
18
47
32
25
23
30
30
30
30
26
24
30
30
21
21
30
21
38,767
97,464
102,629
65,545
37,084
«
41,345
13,468
24,068
30,044 97,720
66,919
206,930
30,695
54,164
30 122,071
30 I
40 '
20
180,087
11,467 , 97,131 •
42,677 140,041
41,142 143,771
24,567 . 90,112
16,575 ' 63,650
• 102,453
4,012 1.37,966 '
1,334 65,344
Slipper and Spray Baths
1,997
51,860
20,762
23,297
75,366 , 282,296
10,782
10,326
47,477
C4.490
48,258 170,329
49,431 229,518
73
37
19
6
34
101
45
209
84
94
20
10
10
16
46
29
29
71
18
18
57
29
28
12
50
147
97
340
102
109
129
63,634
43,171
97,015
20,787
14,344
6,443
6,976
51,013
121,012
57,350
12,425
116,950
271,996
51,036
113,095
107,865
132,756
22,301
20,534
32,173
4,711
3,225
1,486
85,935
63,705
129,188
25,498
17,569
7,929
Battlers per
Bath or Spray
2,156 I 9,132
13,706 ' 64,719
36,678 180,041-
11,439 72,187'
22,710
2,529
41,677 158,62'
89,806'
18,048'
92,030
17,612
37,319
56,990
364,032
68,648
150,200
145,184
189,746
1329
755
358
1163
1500
1198
2439
1275
355
1720
1011
608
1243
1147
1079
1014
761
1287
149
359
857
797
394
1892
1437
1296
978
1295
* Figures difler in certain respects fiotn those given in London Staiisiics, vol. xxv.
93
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Male Female
Total An endance
131,310
Slj938
194,479
123,416
79,889
52,345
32,001
74,750
45,853
27,792
43,527 18,061
6,976 I 2,156
* *
162,357 40,690
64,699 12,773
81,414
16,244
478,920
81,731
167,259
229,936
24,707
3,210
64,974
167,402
34,394
47,431
85,577
106,421
160,836
269,229
169,269
107,081
61,588
9,132
167,172
318,007'
141,666'
38,810>
284,729 '
646,328
116,125
214,690
315,513
419,264
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF Population
Swiraroing
Bath
1068
470
894
1001
767
719
849
Private
Baths
1067
1293
791
2060
370
433
195
454
1108
Total
incliidiii(;
Turkish
and
Russian
2007
933
903
1196
1173
1958
WASH-HOUSES
Accommodation
1342 2410
1667
1144
2960
1935
1877 I 2684
1452
1703
3704
60
40
110
Mangling
+
+
+
+
29,026
75,144
27,825
403
1252
472
+
+
+
+
Estab-
lish-
ment
1892
Jded I
1899
38,517
31,508
1284
384
14,987
357
16,521
413
61,082
825
103,434
562
24,811
443
38,708
496
39,915
798
106,137
965
1897
18S5
1885
1907
1898
1851
ded to
1886
and
1898
LOGO
849
built
897
led t
898
878
901
* Includes rate-collector's
office, £10.
^ Includes £5 already in-
cluded under col. 2.
* Inci. under cols. 2 and 10.
* Income from soap ('5%) ia-
cluded under fees and
wash-house receipts, as
well as under sundries.
^ Per dozen tickets.
' Spray.
' Seasons not defined.
' 1 for sch. children only.
* Includes 45,986 sch. chil-
dren, 911 evening scholars.
^ Fees for rifle range, etc.
* Includes range expenses,
£115.
'■ L.C.C.
' Spray.
' Seasons not defined.
No returns received for
Lower Sydenham.
Per dozen tickets.
' Saturday.
' Per dozen tickets.
^ Saturday.
' Includes 92,609 children
' Includes 2235 childi^en.
' Includes 50,542 children
- Includes 9517 children.
^ Includes engine-room stores
£32.
* Includes " drapery and uni-
forms," £59.
' Seasons not defined.
' Includes 25,805 children.
« Includes 9740 children.
' Includes rents, £30.
* Includes engine-room stores
£22.
' Includes " drapery and uni-
forms," £50.
' Seasons not defined.
» Includes 16,262 children.
' Includes 3094 children.
* Rent.
* Includes engine-room stores
£10.
* Includes " drapery and uni-
forms," £19.
* Seasons not defined.
Includes 35,886 sch. chil-
dren.
' Includes "rents," £75, in
tcrcst. £29.
' Includes " stores."
' Exclusive of site.
' Exclusive of site.
Hall, £642 ; gymnasium,
£23 : cloakroom, £120.
94
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name oi- place
LONDON. — continued
Islington. — cont.
Caledonian Rd
POPUL.\
TION
91,48i
*Konbi)lgton
Lambeth L.C.C.
*Lewisbani *
Ladywcll
Forest Hill .
Lower Syden-
ham L.C.C.
Paddington L.C.C
•Poplar
Poplar Baths
Bow Baths
Island Baths .
St. Marylcbone
L.C.C. .
Bath Fees
£
670
£
999
160,83
90,00'
appros
70,00
approx
142,55
162,44
•St. Paiicras
King St.
Whitfield St. .
Prince of Wales
Rd. .
Spray
i;i.s,3S
•Shoreditch
Ii0,0(
appro:
80,0(
appro;
100,0(
appro:
111, .SI
340
5C8
1698
Turkish
and
Russian
1614
Scison
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in lore-
Soinjt
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
Con.
tribu-
tion for
Scliool
Children
10
Wash-
house
Pay-
ments
Rent
FOR
Premises
£
1675
951
537
1618
372
£
624
£
212'
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
£
14 »
340
1044 476
2676
3275
742
154
51
66
785"
TOTAL
RECEIPTS
£
30'
11
Other
Items
31
90
13'
155 ■
208
24
262
281
95
APPENDIX I
EXPENDITURE
DEFICIT
MET BV
Total
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
bath UPKEEP
MISCELLANEOUS
total
A5SESS-
INCOME
KXPENDI-
TURE
Date
OP
Estab-
Remarks
lish-
ment
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
Rates.
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Total
Salaries
and
Wages
Healing
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
Total
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Other
Items
Total
17
IS
19
20
21
22
23
2«
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£ .
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
3,846
6,273
2128
458
430
3016
151B
1090
345
37
142
3129
*
«
127.
6,273
1892
> Includes rate-collector's
idded tol office, £10. |
1899
^ Includes £5 already in-
cluded under col. 2.
^ Incl. under cols. 2 and 10.
* Income from soap (•5%) in-
cluded under fees and
wash-house receipts, as
well as under sundries.
' Per dozen tickets.
• Spray.
3,449
6,745
1710
539
692
2941
1920
1013
623
70
3626
41
137*
178
6,745
1886
' Seasons not defined.
* 1 for sch. children only.
' Includes 45,986 sch. chil-
dren, 911 evening scholars.
^ Fees for rifle range, etc.
* Includes range expenses,
£116.
' L.C.C.
' Spray.
5,473
9,551
«
•
•
«
•
«
•
•
•
*
«
*
*
9,551
1897
' Seasons not defined.
2,079
3,811
■•
••
••
3,811
* No returns received for
870
2,005
428
141
138
707
643
324
158
47
62
1233
12
52
65
2,005
1885
Lower Sydenham.
' Per dozen tickets.
i
= Saturday.
1,204
1,807
399
135
67
601
527
264
277
32
26
1120
10
69
80
1,807
1885
^ Per dozen tickets.
= Saturday.
•
•
*
•
*
*
*
*
«
.
«
♦
*
*
♦
*
1,965
3,985
«
•
*
«
«
«
*
•
*
•
*
«
*
3,985
1907
1898
••
U,B32
11,039
••
..
11,039
' Includes 92,609 children.
1,618
3,443
114
182
705
1000
1266
647
335
«
99*
2406'
33
4
37
3443
1851
idded to
1886
and
1898
' Includes "-^35 children.
' Includes 50,542 children.
-' Includes 9517 children.
' Includes engine-room stores
£32.
* Includes " draper^' and uni-
forms," £59.
3,604
5,697
1538
678
648
2664
1517
1102
207
•
105'
2981'
33
18
51
5,097
1890
^ Seasons not defined.
' Includes 25,805 children.
' Includes 9740 children.
" Includes rents, £30.
• Includes engine-room stores
£22.
' Includes " drapery and uni-
forms," £50.
1,510
1,899
763
77
70
910
528
263
113
•
40 •
964'
17
8
26
1,899
1900
« Seasons not defined.
' Includes 16,202 children.
' Includes 3094 children.
» Rent.
* Includes engine-room stores
£10.
' Includes " drapery and uni-
forms," £19.
• Seasons not defined.
3,707
9,001
*
•
•
•
•
•
*
«
•
*
*
*
*
9,001
1849
' Includes 35,886 sch. chil-
rebuilt
dren.
9,135
19,924
• •
19,924
1897
1,024
3,406
59
184
411
654
1416
898
231
8
136'
2688
*
«
64
3,406
i
1868
dded to
1898
> Includes " rents," £75, in-
terest, £29.
* Includes " stores."
' Exclusive of site.
1,039
4,738
167
220
614
1001
1589
1172
677
11
214
3663
•
•
74
4,738
1878
' Exclusive of site.
6,472
11,780
5775
461
684
6821
2455
1833
178
30
SOS
4799
•
*
160
11,780
1901
Hall, £042 ; gymnasium,
£23 ; cloakroom, £120.
8133
143,13
■•
••
•■
••
■•
••
14,818
96
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
LOUDON.— continued
Islington.— coh/.
Caledonian Rd.
•Keasijigtou
Lainbelh L.C.C.
•Lewi sham ^
Ladj-well
Forest Hill .
Lower Syden-
ham L.C.C.
Paddinglon L.C.C
•Poplar
Poplar Baths
POPUL.V
TION
9l,4S:
298,05.
160,83
90,00'
approx
70,00
approx
] 42,55
162,44
Bow Balhs .
Island Baths .
St. Man-lebone
L.C.C.'.
118,1C
•St. Pancras
218,SJ
King St.
flO.OC
appro;
Whitfield St. .
80.0(
appro:
Prince of Wales
Rd. .
100,0(
appro:
•.Shoreditch
lll,:i'.
CAPITAL
COST
Rate
AID
IN
PERCENTAGES
SCALE OF
OF Id.
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming Bath
Private
Expendi-
B.ith
Fees
Wash-
House
.)ther
lems
Rate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneous
Male
Female
ChU-
dren
Male
Female
Salaries,
etc.
3ther
Items
1
„
3
4
5
6
T
8
9
10
11
12
13
1*
IS
16
49,005
. '^
26^6«
84'
42'
61^3
481
24^2
25-7
20
38^7
(4/6),'
8d^[4d.]
2d.
(4/6),'
Sd.t4d.]
2d.
4d., Id.
(4/6),'
3d.3Jd.«
2Jd.
(4/6),'
6d.3Jd.'
2Jd.
59,730
■3
26^4
20-2
2^2
511
436
28^5
25-3
26
48-9
Od., 3d.,
2d.
6d., 2d.
Id.'
9d.',6d.,
2d.
6d., 2d.
*
•75
*
*
*
573
*
•
*
*
42^7
*
*
*
•
•
28,382
•47
••
• ■
*
•
14,581
13,801
*
*
70,142
•20
■27
*
■33
2^25
47^4
29-7
*
•
8^9
37
•
43^7
666
49-3
60^1
353
333
*
321
29-2
•
29^4
331
*
3-2
4-4
«
563
334
50-7
39-9
(21/),
(5/'),6d.
4d., 2d.
(21/),
(5/'),6d.
4d., 2d.
*
(10/6),
(5/'),6d.
4d.,2d.
(10/6).
(5/'),6d.
4d., 2d.
«
(10/6),
3d., Id.
(10/6),
3d., Id.
«
(5/'),7d.
3d.
*
•
(5/'),7d.
(5/.,.7d.
•
•
20,864
■55
42^2
9-9
10
470
290
368
33-1
11
531
4d., 2d.
4d., 2d.
Id.
s6d.,
4d.
s6d.,
4d.
35,800
1^19
28^4
7-8
23
61-5
46-8
260
25-7
•9
38^5
4d.,2d.
4d., 2d.
Id.
s6d.,
4d.
s6d.,
4d.
13,478
•51
196
•9
795
47-9
27-8
23-0
1-4
20^5
4d., 2d
4d., 2d
Id.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
•
•43
•
«
•
41-2
*
*
9
•
58-8
*
*
«
*
•
172,420
1^32
45^8
..
..
54^2
26,330
•23
30^7
13^8
7^7
47-7
192
416
373
19
523
4d.,2d
4d., 2d
Id.
6Jd.,
2fd.
6id.,
2jd.
39,500
•15
50^5
15^7
59
219'
21-1
33-5
43^8
16
781
4d.,2d
4d.,2d
Id.
6Jd.,
2Jd.
%:
106,590
•93
27-8
76
9-7
54-9
679
20^8
19^9
14
■151
4-1., 2d
4d.,2d
Id.
6id.,
2§d.
6id^>
24d.
149,208
2-07
50^8
••
432
■ •
• •
97
APPENDIX I
Bali.s ■'iV'V'''
Batlis
Chil-
dren
Id.
6d., 2d.
(o/'),7d.
3d.
(5/'),7d,
3d.
s3d.,
Id.
s3d.,
Id.
s3d.,
Id.
6id.,
2id.
end.,
2'jd.
6»d.,
2}d.
Fe.
male
Wash.
House
Hirst
Hour
IJd.
Per
Subse-
quent
Id.
lid.
lid.
IJd.
IJd.
Id.
A\'ERAGE HOURS PER WKKK
I May to September)
Swiniiuing Private Wash
Batli Baths House
87
Ud.
IJd.
lid.
2nd
to4tta
l}d.
5th,
etc.
3d.
2nd
to4th
Ud.
5th,
etc.,
3d.
2nd
to 4th
IJd.
5th,
etc.,
3d.
Fe-
male
91
88' 9!'
75
14
Fe-
male
8S'
72
(1)
HaU
(2)80'
(l)an
Rifle
73
72
89
85
89
(October to April)
Swimming
Batli
(1)H
(2) CI
(1)H
(2) CI
74'
• •
85 72
85 I 72
85
Fe-
male
d(2)
range
73"
all
osed
aU
osed
Private Wash.
Baths House
80
13 =
13 »
74 • 74
Op en
• •
(1)C1
(2)68
68
(1)H
2)80
oserl
13
Fe-
male
13
13 =
74 ' "4 '
80
(l)C.
(2) 78
8 72
78 72
Fe-
male
or Juniors
20
Sum-
nier
28
25
Estab-
lish.
ME NT
1892
added t
1899
1886
31
1885
1907
1898
1851
added to
1886
and
1808
1890
' Includes rate-collector*?
office, £10.
^ Includes £5 already in-
cluded under col. 2.
^ Incl. under cols. 2 and 10.
* Income from soap (•5%) ia-
cluded under fees and
wash-house receipts, as
well as under sundries.
' Per dozen tickeu.
* Spray.
' Seasons not defined.
' 1 for sch. children only.
« Includes 45,986 scb. chil-
dren, 911 evening scholars.
' Fees for rifle range, etc.
* Includes range expenses,
£115.
^ L.C.C.
" Spray.
' Seasons not defined.
' No returns received
Lower Sydenham.
' Per dozen tickets.
' Saturday.
22
1849
rebuilt
1397
1868
added I
1898
1878
Per dozen tickets.
' Saturday.
' Includes 92,609 children.
^ Includes 2235 children.
' Includes 50.542 children.
- Includes 9517 children.
^ Includes engine-room stores
£32.
' Includes " drapery- and uni-
forms," £59.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Includes 25,805 children.
' Includes 9740 children.
3 Includes rents, £30.
* Includes engine-room stores
£22.
Includes " drapery and uni-
forras," £50.
' Seasons not defined.
Includes 16,262 children.
Includes 3094 children.
Rent.
Includes engine-room stores
£10.
* Includes '* drapery and uni-
forms," £19.
* Seasons not defioed.
' Includes 35,886 sch. chil-
dren.
' Includes "rents," £75, in-
terest, £29.
* Includes "stores."
' Hxclusivc of site.
> Exclusive of site.
HaU, £642; gymnasium,
£23 : cloakroom, £120.
98
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
POPULA-
TION
§L ONDON— coMdnuid
•Shoreditch — cont.
Hoxton
Haggerston
Southwark L.C.C.
Lavington St .
Manor Place .
Stepney .
JWhitcchapel
Public Baths
St. George-in-
the-East
Public Baths
Ratcliffe Baths
Swimming Baths
Females j^^^i
only
Leii^h
191,907
279,804
stoke Newington
50,659
•Wandsworth
Wandsworth .
311,360
Tooting
Balham
Westminster
MarshaUSt. .
100,261
Buckingham
Palace Rd. .
Great Smith St.
•Woolwich ,
Woolwich
121 ,376
Plumstead
Eltham .
D.C. Acton
57,497
ft.
100
75
100
80
66
100
76
100
60
40
90
60
132
74
4
2 100
85
100
80
105
75
ft.
40
35
35
32
27
26
58,708
195,770
77,381
118,389
34,655
14,776
49,079
11,334
37,745
30
30
30
22
30
32
31
24
122,003 47,45;
I
9,276 I 39,893
99,492
99,492
228,145
26,443
91,474
110,228
76,578
40 ' 46,706
30
40
40
29,872
38,490
38,490
42,122
6,848
22,217
13,057
2,899
1,982
917
30 54,055
30
17,623
156,034
73,484
244,849
88.715
156,134
173,400
129,169
44,231 '
SLIPPER A.N'D SPRAV BaTHS
Female Total . Male
56 20
137,982
137,982
270,267
33,291
113,691
123,285
138,930
83,752
55,178 ■ 45 •
78
28
50
142
32
19
11
20
146
48
28
15
13
47
20
12
65
25
96 i 37
51 1 12
71,678
76 I 90,158
42,598
106
43
63
189
129,011
49,994
79,017
125,909
118 69,596
43
11 22
76
48
28'
211
73
35,861
20,452
22,096
70,188
43,828
26,360
198,367
82,209
59,861
62 56,297
133
63
20 ■
80,809
49,218
31,591
34,620
14,279
20,341
65,733
40,993
13,663
11,077
12,975
10,775
10,176
74,291
40,021
25,557
8,713
18,183
11,591
6,592
128,492
61,254
Unthers per
Bath or Spray
631 1654
,273 1785
,358 1580
,642 I 887
110,589 765
49,524 1121
3,322
31,529
35,071
80,963
54,004
26,959
272,658
122,230
85,418
65.010
105,352
63,530'
41,822>
22,818
1917
1236
952
1565
1399
1518
1242
1076 1231
I
2009 1179
1253
1217
1359
1713
1224
79
100
539
848
75
1143
1601
1065
545
59
5 Open-air baths under H.M. Government, The Serpentine. Under L.C.C, Brockwell, Clapham, Hampstead,
Figures di0er in certain respects from those given in London Statistics, vol. xxv.
Parliament Hill, Plumstead, Tooting, Victoria.
99
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAiN BATHS
TOTAL ATTENDA>-CE
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF Population
Wash-houses
Total
Accoin.
moda-
Bathers
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
including
Turliish
Accommodation
Washers
Washc daik
P" OF
tion
and
Russian
Stall ESTAB.
LISH-
MENT
REMARKS
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
IT
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
IS
29
30
211,537
72,989
284,526
50
+
60,774
1015 1899
' Includes gymnasium, £113,
and gala fees.
' Includes gymnasium ex-
penses, £26.
' Includes gala fees.
101,306
33,432
134,738
■■
■■
60
+
55,363
923 1904
' RentofratecoUector'soffice.
' Includes new boiler, £100.
' Includes April and October.
324,781
83,699
408,480
1276
853
2129
104
57,059
549 ..
127,375
25,613
152,988
32
»
V
16,888
528 1895
197,406
580,86
255,492
72
*
•
40,171
558 1898
247,912
113,185
363,042
620
685
1305
30
• •
13,228
441
158,872
80,886
239,758
* '
■
. . 1878
added to
1886
and
1896
' Insurance deduction, £13.
" Includes cleaning fees,£31.
* Valuation on acquisition.
* Per dozen tickets.
* Clubs proWde instructors.
68,588
21,222
93,755 '
30
+
+
13,228
441 1888
' Incl.3945 from school clubs
= Insurance deduction, £9.
' Per 100 tickets.
* Per dozen tickets.
^ Includes Apiil and October.
•* Valuation on acquisition.
20,452
11,077
31,529
••
. . 1900
' Insurance deduction.
» Per dozen tickets.
= Valuation on acquisition.
22,096
12,975
35,071
692
692
1
. . 1909
' Opened in 1914.
2 Hot water from destructor.
' " Oil, etc.," included under
col. 31.
' Incl. washing towels, £74.
' Includes central establish-
ment charges, £20.
* Monday to Wednes. incl. 4d
' Excludes soap.
169,680
49,265
218,945
443
260
703
143,320
48,666
191,986
.. 1901
' Included under col. 30.
2 Includes soap and cleaning.
26,360
599
26,959
••
. . 1907
. . 1915
• Includes 18 sprays.
•
•
V
*
426,512
116,413
542,925
1686
1701
3388
167
90,011
539 ..
108,652
46,869
155,521
70
+
+
40,402
577 1852
idded to
1904
' 100 1st class tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
«
*
«
*
151,335
47,774
199,109
40
+
+
16,013
400 1890
' 100 1st class tickeU.
'■ Includes general superin-
tendent.
' Seasons not defined.
166,525
21,770
188,295
57
+
+
33,596
589 1851
rebuilt,
1893
' 100 1st class tickets.
* Includes general superin-
tendent.
' Seasons not defined.
Iv
3754
284
4038
161,141
95,924
21,366
13,573
248,320
147,282' =
1145
868
2046
30
f
+
11,996
400 ..
.. 1894
'Incl. 31,690' sch. children
and 3374 evening scholars.
• Includes 2721 sch. children.
1
• Include^ water, domestic
I
purposes only-
* '* Stores."
Iv
3754
284
4038
65,217 7,793
101,038"
30
+
+ 11,996
400 1907
' Incl. 22,412 sch. chUdren.
and 1977 evening scholars.
' Includes 6 sprays.
• Includes 3639 sch. children.
* Includes bath hire.
» Incl. washing materia]s,£55.
• Inchnles adaptation for
cinema, £1079.
' Includes water, domestic
purposes only.
' "Stores."
..
..
..
' Site purchased.
73,551
20.945
94,496
1247
897
1643
.. 1904
' Includes 12 sprays.
1
' Includes hire for galas.
* Includes supplvmg beat
electricity, water, £184. '
' Winter.
' Spray.
* Seasons not defined.
R
100
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
^hOUDO'N— continued
•Shoreditcb — cont.
H ox ton
Haggerston
Popula-
tion
BATH Fees
£
1128
Southwark L.C.C.
Lavington St.
Manor Place .
Stepney .
JWhitechapel
Public Baths
St. George-in-
the-East
Public Baths
Ratcliffe Baths
Stoke Newington
•Wandsworth
Wandsworth .
Tooting
Balham
Westminster
Marshall St. .
Buckingham
Palace Rd. .
Great Smith St.
•Woolwich .
Woolwich
Plumstead
191. &07
279,804
£
1489
nil 1335
50.659
311,360
1283
298
373
Turkish
and
Russian
798 768
458
Eltham .
MIDDLESEX
U.D.C. Acton
57,497
8G'2
152
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
5 Open-air baths under H.M. Go
• Figures differ in certain respec
£
43
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
22
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Cliildren
Wash-
house
PAV-
MnNis
55
£
2661
2486
761
298
373
1924
414
RENT
FOR
Premises
£
723
1224
312
£
801'
Miscellaneous
rowels
.ind
Cos-
tumes
34
13
£
82
Soap
25
12
12
Other
Items
£
44
63
20 28
23'
£
192
83
Total
Receipts
110
121
64
449
101
APPENDIX I
EXPENDITURE
DEFICIT
.MET BV
. ASSESS-
MENT
17
TOTAl
Income
18
CHARGES EOR PREMISES
Bath upkeep
Miscellaneous
Total
Expendi-
ture
32
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
19
Rates.
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
20
£
724
557
«
*
322
234
46
24
199
68
•
«
•
400
541
234
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
21
£
193
132"
V
*
306
295
336
8
816
115
*
•
•
55
150
257
Total
22
Salaries
and
Wages
23
Heating
and
Lighting
24
Water
25
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
26
Soap
aim
Clean-
ing
27
Total
28
Printing
and
Station.
ery
29
Other
Items
30
Total
31
£
3031
6102
9470
«
•
3424
1539
1164
721
185
4378
3687
591
7499
•
*
»
9176
2967
0101
2090
£
7,408
6,905
15,075
•
«
7,795
4,407
2,301
1,087
584
6,706
5,674
1,032
17!iB9
*
•
•
13,264
4,864
8,292
4,417
£
3020
3480
*
•
823
53
224
176
2194
394
3317
*
•
•
1431
2827
108
2032
£
3936
4168
•
*
1451
583
606
208
3209
577
V
•
•
1886
3519
108
2523
£
2166
1363
•
*
1218'
843 >
262
151
1247
311
«
•
•
1522
1878
1181
£
424
639
«
*
869
524
129
26"
1067
107
*
*
«
946 »
1378'
469
£
255
406
«
*
623
262
30
49 »
106
33
*
•
•
139
£
39
71
V
•
50
25
22
19
*
*
•
«
•
49
£
142
133
•
•
116
51
26
12"
« 1
V
•
•
134 «
295"
16
£
3025
2612
•
*
2876
1705
469
331'
2420
451
•
•
«
2602
3551
1854
£
15
29
*
*
26
14
6
«
33
4
*
*
*
*
♦
14
£
432 =
96
•
•
54
5
•
ii
V
«
•
*
*
25
£
447
125
*
•
80'
14
11
45'
45
4
*
«
»
376
1223'
39
1
£
7,408
0,905
15,075
*
7,795
4,407
2,301
1
1,087
584
6,706
5,674
1,032
17a'69
«
*
•
13,264
4,864
8,292
108
4417
Date
OF
ESTAB-
Remarks
LISH-
MENT
1899
» Includes gymnasium, £113,
and gala fees.
' Includes gymnasium ex-
penses, £26.
^ Includes gala fees.
1904
' RentofratecoUector'sofi&ce.
^ Includes new boiler, £100.
= Includes April and October.
1895
1898
1878
' Insurance deduction, £13.
added to
' Includes cleaning fees, £31.
1886
' Valuation on acquisition.
and
* Per dozen tickets.
1896
'* Clubs provide instructors.
1888
' Inch 3945 from school clubs
^ Insurance deduction, £9.
» Per 100 tickets.
* Per dozen tickets.
^ Includes Apiil and October.
■ Valuation on acquisition.
1900
* Insurance deduction.
^ Per dozen tickets.
' Valuation on acquisition.
1909
1 Opened in 1914.
- Hot water from destructor.
^ " Oil, etc.," included under
col. 31.
* Incl. washing towels, £74.
' Includes central establish-
ment charges, £20.
^ Monday to VVednes. incl. 4d
' Excludes soap.
1901
' Included under col. 30.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
1907
' Includes 18 sprays.
1915
1852
> 100 1st class tickets.
added to
- Seasons not de&ned.
1904
1890
' 100 1st class tickets.
* Includes general suferin-
tendent.
^ Seasons not defined.
1851
' 100 1st class tickets.
rebuilt,
» Includes general superin-
1893
tendent.
^ Seasons not defined.
1894
» Incl. 31,690' sch. children
and 3374 evening scholars.
* Includes 2721 sch. children.
" Includt•^ water, domestic
purposes only.
* "Stores."
1907
» Incl. 22.412 sch. children.
and 1977 evening scholars.
' Includes 6 sprays.
» Includes 3639 sch. chUdren.
• Includes bath hire.
» Incl. washing materiaJs,£55.
• Includes adaptation for
cinema, £1079.
' Includes water, domestic
purposes only.
• '* Stores."
' Site purchased.
1904
» Includes 12 sprays.
' Includes hire for galas.
» Includes supplvmg heat,
electricity, water, £184.
' Winter.
' Spray.
' Seasons not defined.
102
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
ropULA.
TION
§LONDON — continued
♦Shoreditch — cont.
Hoxton
Haggerston
CAPITAL
COST
Southwark L.C.C.
Lavington St.
Manor Place .
Stepney .
JWhitcchapel
Public Baths
St. George-in-
the-East
Public Baths
Ratcliffe Baths
Stoke Kewington
•Wandsworth
Wandsworth .
Tooting
Balham
Westminster
Marshall St. .
Buckingham
Palace Rd. .
Great Smith St,
*Woolwich .
Woolwich
Plumstead
191,907
279,804
50,659
311,360
Eltham .
MIDDLESEX
U.D.C. Acton
£
75,765
73,504
62,792
41,193'
TERMS
OF Id.
IN £
1-67
■6
■27
PERCENTAGES
Batll
Fees
0,023 i
1,845
48,782
40,741
8,041
12,971
•13
■13
■43
■07
•28
Wasli-
House
Otlier
Items
9^8
10^2
56^4
27^4
63^9
134»
1^3
Rate
Aid
82,870
32,709
57,497
339
40^1
2,564
36,843
12^8
2'8
Expenditure
Ctiarge
for
Premises
Salaries,
etc.
531
62^8
*
439
349
50-6
66^3
317
638
65^0
573
43'7
Upkeep Miscel-
laneous
Other
Items
11-6
19^7
27^6
2d'3
55-7
35^6
69^2
5^9 61^0
lO^S*
11^4"
50-6
55-9
241
25^9
60
1-8
Expendi-
ture
37-6
37-5 -6
190
30^8
22'0
30^1
20-7
13-6
1^0
7^7
26-7
20^2
15-2
7^7
14^7 '
591
372
*
«
56-1
651
49^4
336
68-2
36-2
35-0
42^7
56-3
Swimming Batli
6d.,2d
6d., 2d.
(5/)' fld
[4d.],
2d.
(25/) •
4d.,
[3d.]
2d.
6d.,2d.
6d., 2d.
(.51)'
6d., 2d.
2d.
3d., Id
3d., Id
Id.
Id.
30-8
390
6d.[3d.]
2d,
6d., 2d
6d., 2d,
6d.,2d.
6d.f3d.]
3d
__i?^
6d.[3d.]
?d
8d.[3d.]6d.[3d.
3d. 3d.
39-1
6d.,2d
6d., 2d,
6d., 2d.
6d.[3d.
3d.
3d., Id
(25/)
Id.
(25/)'
Id.,
(25/) ■
Id.
6d.,
2Jd.
6d.,
2id.
5(5/)
6d., 2d.
s(4/6)«
6d., 2d.
? (4/6) "
6d.,
2id.
6d.,
2id.
s(5/)'
6d., 2d
s(4/6)'
6d., 2d.
s (4/6)'
6d., 2d. 6d., 2d,
6d.,' 6d.,'
2d.' 2d.'
6d.
[4d.]
«d.* 3d.
[2d.]
6d.
[4d.]
4d.'3d.
[2d.]
Id.
3d.,
2d.,'
IJd. Id,
6d.,2d.
6d., 2d.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
7d.,3d.
7d., Sd
«d.,2d.
6d., 2d
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
7d., 3d,
7d., 3d.
sill
4d.'2d.»
s4d.,
4d.'2d.»
5 Open-air baths under H.M. Go
• Figures difier in certain respec
103
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
Date
OF
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
Remarks
(May to Septemberl
(October to April)
Baths
Turkibh
Baths
Wash-
House
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash.
House
26
Swimming
Balh
. Private
Baths
Wash-
1 louse
31
60
00
* '
«
72
72
72
72
47
Whole Time
Part Time
or Juniors
Tol.il
in
.Sum-
mer
38
23
16
«
*
17'
11
5
2
is
6
19
20'
24'
27
33
15
Total
ill
Win-
ter
37
Chil-
dren
17
Male
18
Fe-
male
19
First
Hour
20
Per
Siibse.
auent
Hour
After
2»'l.
chftrce
In-
creaaea
Jd
each
Bubse-
queDt
hour
•
•
lid.
Aitet
6th,
6d.
After
6th,
6d.
After
6th,
6d.
lid.
Aftei
5th,
4d.
Male
22
Fe-
male
23
33
28 »
•
*
82
15'
«
18'
17"
13 >
30
37
•
Male
24
Fe-
ma'e
25
Malf
27
nas
Clo
•
*
lllHall
(2)79
Clo
Ha
74'
74"
74"
*
(l)Ci
(2)H
(1)H
(2)0
Fe-
male
28
Male
29
Fe.
male
30
Male
32
*
8
•
•
10
«
2
1
'a
3
is
14
*
V
*
10
Fe.
male
33
*
7
•
«
7
*
2
1
6
2
6
6
«
*
•
5
Male
34
Fe-
male
36
*
1
:
••
*
1
*
•
3d., Id.
8d.,ld.
•
•
s3d.,
Id.
s3d.,
Id.
s3d.,
Id.
4d'.,'2d.
4d.,2d.
1
1
s4d.
[
1/
(9/),
1/
V
IJd.
IJd.
•
•
lid.
lid.
lid.
lid.
lid.
87
73"
V
«
88
70'
«
74 »
71 >
74"
93
93
•
87
87
•
*
88
88
72
79
89
89
74
74
74
93
93
91'
87
87
•
•
84
77
72
79
89
89
74
74
74
93
93
88*
60
60
*
•
72
72
72
72
47
pen
ym-
ium
sed
•
*
74
sed
Us"
■9'
10'
13"
•
nema
all
all"
pen '
«
•
•
•
79
76
72
79
•
•
74
74
74
*
•
78"
*
*
*
*
73
73
72
79
•
•
74
74
74
*
76"
•
•
•
*
V
1
«
*
«
•
*
•
•
«
5
2
*
*
»
•
•
•
*
11
1899
1904
1895
1898
1878
added to
1886
and
1896
1888
1900
1909
1901
1907
1915
1852
added to
1904
1890
1851
rebuilt,
1893
1894
1907
10()4
' Includes gymnasium, £113,
and gala fees.
' Includes gynmasium ex-
penses, £26.
" Includes gala fees.
' RentofratecoUector'sofl&ce.
^ Includes new boiler, £100.
" Includes April and October.
' Insurance deduction, £13.
' Includescleaningfees,£31.
" Valuation on acquisition.
' Per dozen tickets.
' Clubs provide instructors.
' Incl.3945 from school clubs
' Insurance deduction, £9.
' Per 100 tickets.
• Per dozen tickets.
' Includes Apiil and October.
' Valuation on acquisition.
^ Insurance deduction.
' Per dozen tickets.
" Valuation on acqviisition.
' Opened in 1914.
" Hot water from destructor.
" " OU, etc.," included tmder
col. 31.
' Incl. washing towels, £74.
' Includes central establish-
ment charges, £20.
' Monday to Wednes. incl. 4d
' Excludes soap.
' Included under col. 30.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
• Includes 18 sprays.
' 100 1st class tickets.
' Seasons not de&ned.
1 100 1st class tickets.
' Includes general suj-erin-
tendent.
' Seasons not defined.
' 100 1st class tickets.
' Includes general superin-
tendent.
' Seasons not defined.
'Incl. 31,696' sch. children
and 3374 evening scholars.
' Includes 2721 sch. children.
• Include^ water, domestic
purposes only.
' •• Stores."
' Incl. 22,412 sch. chUdren.
and 1977 evening scholars.
» Includes 6 sprays.
• Includes 3039 sch. chUdn;n.
• Includes bath hire.
' Incl. washing materials,£55.
• Includes adaptation for
cinema, £1079.
' Includes water, domestic
purposes only.
• " Stores."
' Site purchased.
' Includes 12 sprays.
• Includes supplvmg heat,
electricity, water, £184.
' Winter.
' Spray.
• Seasons not defined.
104
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Swimming baths
SLIPPER ANE
SPRAY Baths
Name of place
Popula-
tion
.Xumlicr
Area
1
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spia)
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadth
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Femal
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
MIDDLUSEX.— continued
U.D.C. Brentford .
10,571
1
ft.
75
ft.
27
*
*
15,937'
10
5
15
*
•
5,695
3S
0
Chisu'ick .
38,697
1
l.W
50
»
»
26,317 ■
..
Edmonton
04,797
2
90
90
30
30
*
*
63,939
30
14
44
•
*
22,567
61
3
Enfield .
56.338
1
75
25
5,302
500
5,892
12
4,987
280
5,267
43
9
Finchley .
Hampton .
39,419
9,220
1
75
25
•■
12
••
•■
Heston & Isle-
worth
43,313
3
19,296
8.774
28,070
..
28
8,072
911
8,983
32
1
Hounslow
Isleworth
- , 1
75
50
50
30
25
25
14,189
5,107
4,862
3,912
19,051
9,019
15
9
24
4
6,333
1,739
805
106
7,138
1,845
422
46
89
1
Soutkall-Nor-
wood,^ S. .
26,323
1
120
30
•
•
16,428 >
..
Southgate .
33,612
1
150
50
*
•
7,712'
,.
Tottenham
Central Baths
137,418
3
o
100
75
35
25
91,333
(J8,473
24,921
24.021
116,254
93,394
18
18
12
12
30
30
41,937
41,937
14.730
14,730
56,667
50,667
2330
2330
1227
1227
Open Air Bath
(Men)
1
ISO
00
22,860
22,860
Twickenham
29,367
1
. . 1
1
57,160
14.590
71,750
..
Willcsden .
Glntlslone Park
King Edward
VII Recrea-
tion Ground
Wood Green
154,214
49,'309
2
1
1
2
240
165
78
75
*
•
«
•
•
•
•
*
49,375
19,354
30,021
68,147
is
io
2S
16,'375
4^940
21^315
gio
494
Public Baths .
1
100
30
32,048
19,3G7
31,415
18'
10 »
28
16,375
4,940
21,315
910
494
Alexandra Park
1
180
40
•
•
16,732
NORFOLK
C.B. Norwich .
Lakaxham
121,478
3
1
240
70
*
•
*
«
9,005
6,721
27 j
•
•
22,567
83
S
Wcnsutn
2
150
• s
60
• 3
•
•
2,284
• ■
St. Andrew's
Baths
••
27
•
•
22,.'>67
83 (
1
Eagle Swimming
BalhV.
•
•
•
•
*
*
..
..
••
105
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Total attendance
Attendance per looo
OF Population
Wash-houses
Total
Accom-
moda-
tion
Bathers
Swiraming:
Bath
Private
Baths
induding
Turkish
and
Russian
Accommodation
Washers
Wasliers
Stall
Hate
OF
Hstab-
LISH.
ment
RliMARK^
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Tola!
SlaUs
Mangling
Ironing
16
17
18
19
20
ai
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
•
•
21,632 ■
26,317 '
*
344
«
1895
* Excludes 70 season-ticket
holders, admissions not re-
corded.
* Per dozen tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
••
1910
' Excludes season-ticket
holders, admissions not re-
*
•
86,506
987
348
1335
1903
corded.
Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition for
school children.
' Bath hire included underl4.
' Excludes " Stores " in-
cluded tinder col. 31.
"
10,379
780
11,159
105
93
198
1895
1915
^ Includes "Stores."
' Subscrirtion £1000.
= Excludes towels.
' Seasons not defined.
In course of erection; stopped
on account of war.
..
27,368
9,685
37.053
648
207
855
20,522
3,667
26,189
1905
' Included under col. 30.
- Per dozen tickets.
6,846
4,018
10,864
•■
1875
added"!
to
1894
* Seasons not defined.
* Towels, soap, etc. included
under sundries.
* Included under col. 31, un-
differentiated.
•■
**
•
«
16,428 >
624
624
••
••
1913
« AddiUons, £1000.
» Opened May 21st ; finance
1915-1(5.
' Includes £58 undiflerenti-
.-ited, excludes rents and
«
«
7,712'
loan charge?.
••
1913
■ U Aug. 1913, to 31 Mar. '14.
- Finance 1915-16.
,.
133,270
39,651
172,921
846
412
1258
^ Early morning only.
110,410
39,651
150,061
1905
» Includes contribution from
Education Committee.
- Includes heating of offices.
" Uniforms not differentiated
from towels and costumes.
* Artesian well on premises.
22,860
22,860
2443
2443
1904
^ Seasons not defined.
' Exclusive of towel.
• June to Sept. inclusive.
••
1896
* Part of stream.
..
•
*
49,375
320
320
• Includes April and October.
•
•
19,354
..
1903^
' In classes.
••
•
•
*
30,021
89,462
1380
432
18i2
1911 j
* Includes April and October.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction for sch.
48,423
24,307
72,730
1911
children.
1 Includes 10 sprays.
* Includes 5 sprays.
» Includes water.
< Includes £211, undifferenti-
ated.
» Spray.
•
«
16,732
••
••
••
••
1908
• Seasons not defined.
' Includes £70, undifferenti-
ated.
•
•
31,572
6,721
74
186
260
..
••
••
■•■]
' Included under col. 31.
» 10 tickets, excluding towel.
"
* •
" '
2,284
•"
•*
"
• 1
> Pond.
••
•■
••
22,567
••
••
•■
••
••
••
••
1898
' Includes soap. etc.
* Excludes new dr>ing closet,
£137. included in rate aid. '
"
••
••
•
•
•
-•
••
••
••
••
•
electricity works.
— —
106
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
MIDDLESEX.— con/inu«i
U.D.C. Brentford .
Chiswick .
Edmonton
EnBeld .
Finchley .
Hampton .
Heston & Isle-
worth
Hounslow
Isleworth .
Soulhall-Nor-
wood,^ S.
Soutkgatc .
Tottenham
Central Baths
Open Air Bath
{Mm)
POPULj*
TION
Bath Fees
IIMIIK
38,69;
64,79:
56,33f
39,41!
9,22C
26,32!
33,61
137,416
£
178
183
535
40
227
52
£
93
191
949 >
116
23
634
Willesden .
Glndslone Park
King Edward
I'll Recrea-
tion Ground
Wood Green
49,369
Public Baths .
Alexandra Park
NORFOLK
C.B. Norwich .
Laktnham
121,478
Wensum
St. Andrew's
Baths
•■
EaeU Swimming
1 Bathf.
110
406
Tuikish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
16
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Wash
House
Pay-
ments
£
271
232
904
lOS
355
75
110
167
406
RENT
FOR
Premises
£
71
53
1
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
80
Soap
4
2 2
other
Items
17"
17
3 7
Total
Receipis
16
107
APPENDIX I
EXPENDITnKE
Deficit
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
BATH Upkeep
Miscellaneous
MET BY
Total
TOTAL
ASSESS-
Income
EXPENDI.
MENT
Rents
Rates.
Re-
Heating
and
Lighting
Towels
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
Printing
TUKE
nAl>;
UK
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
RKMARK^
and
Loan
Charges
Taxes,
aiice
newals
and
Repairs
Total
and
Wages
Water
and
Cos-
tumes
Total
and
Station-
ery
Other
Items
Total
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
35
26
2T
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
635
987
308
51
60
419
289
164
85
6
«
642
10
16
26
987
1896
^ Excludes 70 seasoa-ticket
holders, admissions not re-
corded.
' Per dozen tickets.
179
411
131
!35
25
191
94
99
4
6
202
17
17
411
1910
' Seasons not defined.
' Excludes season-ticket
holders, admissions not re-
2420
3340
1334
296
105
1735
702
547
261
12
40'
1562
•
*
44 >
3340
1903
corded.
Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition for
school children.
' Bath hire included underl4.
'Excludes "Stores" in-
cluded under col. 31.
429
641
144
49
14
207
156
113
44
6
319
14
16
641
1895
1915
' Includes "Stores."
' Subscription £1000.
^ Excludes towels.
* Seasons not defined.
In course of erection; stopped
on account of war.
1771
2267
.•
2267
1351
1768
833
136
11
979
355
238
150
« 1
« I
743
8
38
45
1768
1905
' Included under col. .SO.
- Per dozen tickets.
420
499
65
11
60
136
213
75
50
• s
* fi
338
*
*
25
499
1875
addecH
to
1894
' Seasons not defined.
* Towels, soap, etc. included
under sundries.
* Included under col. 31, un-
difierentiated.
•
*
•
*
•
•
93
•
•
•
*
«
*
*
162 >
1913
« Additions, £1000.
* Opened May 21st ; finance
1915-16.
= Includes £58 undifierenti-
ated, excludes rents and
261
463'
203
28
12
244
125
68
0
202
6
12
17
463'
1913
loan charges.
» U Aug. 1913, to 31 Mar. '14.
^ Finance 1915-Iti.
1621
3749
3749
^ Early morning only.
1280
3302
540
530
296
1365
971 »
860
ib*
50 >
36
1927
'9
'9
3302
1905
' Includes contribution from
Education Committee.
= Includes heating of offices.
* Uniforms not diSerentiated
from towels and costumes.
• Artesian well on premises.
340
447
170
57
134
361
65
20
•■
•t*
86
1
••
1
447
1904
^ Seasons not defined.
• Exclusive of towel.
80
80
1
5
5
11
65
• •
65
4
4
80
1896
' June to Sept. inclusive.
> Part of stream.
454
769
,^
769
* Includes April and October.
223
347
'83
92
ire
i64
64
"5
• •
i63
*
•
'9
347
1903 \
' In classes.
231
422
156
67
223
116
64
8
..
188
•
•
11
422
1
- Includes April and October.
672
2184
■■
2184
1911 1
Education Committee pro-
vidu instruction for sch.
614
2040
408
144
68
620
744
416'
•
49
«
•
•
•
•
2040*
lUU
children.
' Includes 10 sprays.
' Includes 5 sprays.
» Includes water.
• includes £211, undififerenti-
ated.
• Spray.
• Seasons not defined.
57
143
15
•
•
•
SB
*
*
•
•
• '>
•
•
143'
1908
* Includes £70» undifiereaU-
ated.
946
1504
••
••
••
••
••
••
••
1604
699
766
276
67
199
532
191
1
20
• 1
211
•
•
13
766 i
• ^
' Included under col. 31.
» 10 tickets, excluding towel.
• j
» Pond.
247"
748 »
240
55
21
317
292
81
19
39'
•
431
"
748"
1808
' Includes soap, etc,
' Excludes new dr>'ing closet,
£137, included in rate aid.
• Engineering stafi from
•
*
*
«
•
•
•
•
«
•
«
•
*
•
•
•
•
electricity works.
i
•
108
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
POPUL;«
TION
MIDDLESEX .—continued
U.D.C. Brentford .
10,571
Chiswick .
38,69;
Edmonton
04,79'
Enfield .
50,33(
Finchley .
39,41!
Hampton .
9,22(
Heslon & Isle-
worth
43,3i;
Hounflow
Isleworth
Soulhalt-Nor-
wooii,^ S.
2('.,32:
Southsatc .
33,611
Tottenham
137,418
Central Baths
Optn Air Bath
{Men)
Twickenham
29,365
Willesden .
154,214
Gtntlstone Park
Kin^ Edward
VII Recrea-
tion Ground
Wood Green
■19,366
Public Baths .
Alexamlra Park
NORFOLK
C.B. Norwich .
121,478
Lakenham
Wensum
St. Andrew's
Baths
EagUSimmming
Bath P.
CAPITAL
Rate
AID
COST
percentages
Scale of
OF Id.
IN;C
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming Bath
Private
Expendi-
B.ith
Fees
Wash.
House
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
MUcel-
laueous
Male
Female
Children
Slale
Female
Sdlaries,
etc.
other
Items
1
2
3
1
E
fi
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
U
16
£
5,250
1-54
27^5
8-3
643
42-5
293
256
2-6
35-7
(5/),'
[(4/)],'
ed.,3d.,
2d.
(5/),'
[(4/)],'
6d.,3d.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
s (5/),'
6d., 3d.
s (5/),"
6d., 3d.
1,050
•16
53^4
436
46^5
229
263
4^1
534
(10/6),
5d., 3d.
(10/6),
5d., 3d.
(5/), 2d.
24,376
30
appros.
27^1
•5
72^5
51^9
210
25^7
13
27^5
6d.r4d.]
3d.
6d.[4d.]
3d.
Id.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
3,700 '
■46
2-20
20^0
■7
793
781
383
28^8
30^1
30
20-7
219
2d.
2d.
2d., F."
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
13,701
unknown
1-68
« -52
201
150
35
■8
764
84^2
55^4
273
20^1
42^7
21-9*
25^1«
2-5 «
50'
23^6
160
(12/6),
6d.,3d
3d.
(12/6),
6d., 3d.
3d.
2d.
(5/),'
7d.,4d.
sSd.
(5/),'
7d.,4d.
s3d.
*
.
■•
••
(5/) 3d.
(5/) 3d.
'II.''
■■
3,314
•23
413
2.4
564
52^7
27^0
18^6
37
436
(7/6),
4d., 2d.
(7/6),
4d., 2d.
(3/9),
2d., Id.
■■
42,131
37,932
•73
■61
48-2
13-1
43^2
3S8
4i-3
29-4
29-0
•'3
668
613
6d!,'2d.
6d!,'2d.
Id.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
4,199
•16
21^9
1^8
76^1
80^8
145
4-5
•2
23^9
ld.>
Id.'
..
280
•11
100-0
138
81-3
5 0
F.
F.
F.
• •
5,910
2,569
•13
•06
3i'7
4-0
59-0
643
50-4
sb'o
17-0
2-6
410
35^7
3d.
3d.
2d'.,'F.>
••
3,341
12,642
•07
•60
396
57
54-7
30-8
52^8
275
171
26
453
692
3d.
3d.
2d., F.'
••
•■
12,642
•55
«
•
301
30^4
365
*
•
69-9
6d.,4d.,
3d.
6d.,4d.,
3d.
2d.
s6d.,
3d.' 2d.,
Id.'
s6d.,
3d.' 2d.,
Id.'
Reated
■05
*
•
399
•
406
•
•
601
3d.
(5/), Sd.
(2/6),
"l¥-
9,227
2,644
1,607
■61
V -39
54
21
62-9
925
704
253
2^6
1-7
871
J
(6d.)>
2d.,F.
(6d.)>
2d.,F.
(ed.)'
2d.,F.
(ed.)'
2d.,F.
4,975
•22
54-1.
12^7
330
42^4
390
18-6
••
67^0
••
■•
s6d.,
3d., Id.
s6d.,
3d.
«
*
«
•
*
•
•
•
•
»
•
*
109
APPENDIX I
Average hours per week
Datk
OF
HSTAB.
LISH-
MENT
Kkmakks
(May to September)
(October to April)
Uatlis
Turkish
Baths
Wash.
House
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash-
Huuse
28
Swimming
Batli
Private
Baths
Wash.
House
31
Whole Time
Part Time
or Juniors
Total
in
Sum-
mer
36
Total
Win.
ler
37
Chil-
dren
17
Mais
IB
Fe.
male
19
First
Hour
ao
Per
Subse
c]uent
Hour
21
Male
22
Fe-
male
23
Male
21
Fe-
male
2S
Male
27
Fe.
male
28
Male
29
Fe-
male
30
Male
32
Fe.
male
33
Male
34
Fe-
male
36
Sid.
s3d.
sid.
sGd.,
2d.
••
..
73'
63
90
68'
80'
77'
62
48
76 =
85'
70'
70'
70'
70'
81
60
64
•
20'
37
87
12»
26'
17'
13
14
14'
20'
13'
13'
19*
6
25
23
•
93'
90
59
90
78'
61'
90*
81
93'
•■
87
10
90
16'
91'
90'
5
..
Ha
Clo
(1)CI
(2) 0
Clo
(1)H
Clo
3
(l)H
(2)59'
Uluscil
Clo
Clo
Clo
64'
Clo
Clo
Clo
1!'
sed
osed
pen
sed'
aU'
pen'
11'
sed
mi'
11'
sed
sed
sed
19'
sed
sed
sed
•
25 »
•
59
*
*
59'
71'
83'
81
25'
•
10
«
13'
71'
83'
5
2
1
*
3
1
1
1
's
2
1
i
1
4
•>
3
3'
•
2
1
*
1
1
6
3
3
•
1
•
•■
1
2
•
1
«
1
1
1
1
•i
2
6
2
11
3
5
3
1
i4
2
1
'i
1
9
3
■i
5
6
•
3
«
*
5
3
1
*
9
6
•
1895
1910
1903
1895
1915
1905
1875
added "l
to
1894
1913
1913
19IJ5
1904
1896
1903^
1911 j
1911
1908
• ^
1898
•
> Excludes 70 season-ticket
holders, admissions not re-
corded.
* Per dozen tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
' Excludes season-ticket
holders, admissions not re-
corded.
Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition for
school children.
^ Bath hire included uuderl4.
* Excludes " Stores " in-
cluded under col. 31.
^ Includes "Stores."
' Subscrirtion £1000.
* Excludes towels.
^ Seasons not defined.
In course of erection; stopped
on account of war.
' Included under col. 30.
' Per dozen tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
* Towels, soap, etc. included
under sundries.
^ Included under col. 31, un-
differentiated.
« AddiUons, £1000.
' Opened May 21st ; finance
1915-16.
2 Includes £58 undiflerenti-
ated, excludes rents and
loan charges.
> 1 -1 .^ug. 1913, to 31 Mar. '14.
^ Finance 1915-16.
^ Early morning only.
> Includes contribution from
Education Committee.
- includes heating of offices.
' Uniforms not differentiated
from towels and costumes.
* Artesian well on premises.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Exclusive of towel.
» June to Sept. inclusive.
» Part of stream.
« Includes .\pril and October.
' In classes.
* Includes April and October.
Education Conunittee pro-
vido instruction for sch.
children.
' Includes 10 sprays.
' Includes 5 spra>'s.
' Includes water.
* Includes £211, undifferenti-
ated.
» Spray.
* Seasons not defined.
< Includes £70, undiffcrenti*
ated.
> Included under col. 31.
' 10 tickets, excluding towel.
» Pond.
* Includes soap, etc.
* Excludes new drv-inp closet,
£137, included in rate aid. '
* Eni^ecrinK staff from
electricity worics.
no
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of I'lalk
PoinJLA-
■nON
Swimming Bai hs
Nuiiii'Cr I Area
Females' ^ ,j
only
Lengtli
liORFOLK.— continued
C.B. Non^'ich. — cont.
Swan Swimmi 111
Bath F
M.B. Kiug's Lynn " .
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE
C.B. Northampton S.
MiJsiimtntr
Meadow
KingsUiorpe
Mill
Millers Meadow
{Men)
Messrs. Phipps
& Co." P. .
Fotcrborough * ,
U.D.C. tKetteriug'
Oundlc '
20,201
90,064
Rothwell .
Wellingborougli *
NORTHUMBERLAND
C.B, Newcastle
Northumber-
land Baths .
Klswick
WestRatc
Bykec .
Newbridge St.
Gallowgate .
Tynemouth
Public Baths .
Sea-water Balk
M.B. Wallscnd .
NOmNGH.-\MSHIRE
C.B. Nottingham S.
29,972
4,410
19,753
266,()03
58,810
41,401
259,904
ft.
ft.
75
* 1
36 I 20
247 I 80
163 80
270
190
1 I 100
1
125 =
32
7
90
35
43'
90
54'
BO
33
45
17"
26
19
56 26
35 18
60 I 32
24.600
Total M.lle
SLIPPER AND Spray Baths
T..lal Mai
100
100
40
62
147,9.38
14,914
63,600
14,914
22,724
21,302
30,009
20,403
128,100
22,820
128,100
22,820
24,455
2,292
168.154
42.'>11
513,000
475,000
13,400
24,600
*
44.034 '
1,600
3,550
*
251,721
08,414
45,128 ■
42,707
150,920
150,920
26,747
210,365
10
38
4
17'
Itathers per
Bath or Spray
Total Male
7,694
163
119
96,112
4,916
9
7,415
20
18,867
1,181
19
15,850
1,218
22
17,377
872
-
23'
13,460
458
26
25,137
1,187
18
17,339
629
18
17,339
629
14
8,116
390
55'
43,692
12,994
101,028 i 1092
7,415
18,048
824
1205 197
17,068
1132
244
18,249
1086
145
13,924
709
114
26,324
1571
119
17,968
1084
314
17,968
1084
314
8,506
811
97
56,686
1150
801"
\
Ill
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BaTMS
Accom-
moda-
tion
Mate Female
3717
30
TOTAL A'i"l ENHANCE
39,591
37,152
47,386
33,869
25,137
1*5,439
17,339
128,100
32,607
211,846
1,218
872
438
1,187
23,449
629
22,820
2,685
55,205
ATTENDA^■CE PER 1000
OF POPUI-ATION
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
513,000
475,000
13,400
24,600
«
51 ,981 "
1,600
3,650
356,466
79,640
63,176
59,775
72,306 '
65,339
26,324
168,888
17,968
150,920
36,292
267,051
682
804
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
Wash-HOUSKS
Accommodation
379
045
809
682
804
1337
205
218
861
1027
Mangling
89
36
42
Ironing Washers
+
+
181,472
34,517
41,625
38,557
32,422
6,000
approx.
6,000
apptox.
781
250
Datk
OF
ESTAB-
REMAKkS
LISH.
ME NT
1878
' One open air ; bathing in
river.
1855
* No record kept.
* Exclusive of site.
* Town Council let these
baths at £14 per annum,
but are responsible for
outside repairs.
1908
Instruction provided by
Education Committee.
* Included under col. 31.
" June to September only.
Vcquired
* June to September only.
1900
1884
* June to September only.
«
* Small swimming bath.
1914
* Also river bathing.
1914
» Figures for 191516.
and
* Open air.
1915
» Excludes 13,547 soldiers.
• Includes soldiers' bathing.
£01 (6-l%).
^ Includes sundries.
1906
* River bathing.
' CieaninR out river.
' June to September only.
1898
' Education Committee con-
tribute 7/6per 100 children.
1906
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
' River front
* Includes new cabins, £28.
Education Committee pay
£300 per annum and pro-
vide instruction.
' Includes 85.809 children.
^ Includes rent, etc.
1828
* Tor boys only.
* Included under cols. 1 & 2.
1886
' Incl. 22,404 ich. children.
* included under cols. 1 & 2.
' Exclusive of site.
• 40 tickets.
* 00 tickets.
1886
' Includes 21,405 school
children.
• Included under cols, 1 & 2.
» 40 tickets.
• 60 tickets.
188C
> Incl. 24.018 sch. children.
» Included under cols. 1 & 2.
' 40 tickets.
« 60 tickets.
1907
» Incl. 21,012 sch. children.
* Includes 7 srrays.
> Gvinnasium fees.
• Included under cols. 1 & 2.
1858
> Included under col. 2.
rebuilt
189G
1854
1 Includes expenditure on
idcd to
towels.
1886
1909
Built by the Corporation ;
leased at nominal lental to
Tynemouth .\matcurClub.
1912
» Fees not diflerentiited.
Cliildrcn (rec in rUisses.
' Includes Jewess bath.
■ Jewess batb and bathezs
excluded.
112
REP' B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
IHCOIIE
BATH Fees
Wash-
House
Pay-
RENT
FOR
Premises
Miscellaneous
TOTAL
Receipts
Name of Plack
P.iPULA-
riON
ments
•
.Swim-
iiiiiiL;
Priv.ile
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
in fore-
going 1
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Total
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Tol.il
1
2
3
4
6 j e
7
8
9
10
ll
12
13
11
16
16
NORFOLK.— coMdiiuir*;
C.B. Norwich. — coni.
Swan Swimmidg
Bath P .
£
•
£
£
£
1
£ 1 £
£
£
£
•
£
£
•
£
•
£
•
£
•
£
•
£
*
M.B. King's Lynn ' ,
20,201
••
••
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE
C.B. Northampton S.
Mitisummcr
Meadow
90,064
26
••
••
26
••
7
7
38
34
Kin^Uhorpc
Mill
1
1
1
3
4
5
MilUrs Meadow
[iUn)
Messrs. Phipps
& Co.' P. .
Peterborough ' ,
U.D.C. JKetteriug'
29,972
•
4n
74
146
**
"e
78
•
•
io
45
«
74
757
•
•
75
••
«
*
75
*
74
922*
Oundk ' .
2,74G
..
..
..
..
16
16
16
RolhwcU .
4,41f
16
..
..
..
,.
16
16
WtUingboroueh •
19,75;
18
••
•■
18
18
NORTHUMBERLAND
C.B. Newcastle
266,60:
••
••
3373
2876
83
••
280
6612"
Norlhunibci-
land Baths .
952
193
209
«
^
^^ 1
•
129
«
1483
KIswick
248
199
••
■•
•
408
a
•
87
•
942
Westgatc
227
187
••
••
*
634
■•
s
•
118
•
1066
Byker .
247
188
_.
••
•
468
a
•
94
•
997
J
Newbridge St.
282
221
••
..
•
481
33 •
., *
•
77
•
1094
i
Gallowgate ,
278
••
..
••
•
474
..
..'
•
116
«
868
1
Tynemouth
58,81
*'
..
.,
.-,
..
..
655
1
Public Baths .
..
391
••
•••
391
217
• •
47
47
655
1
Sea-waUr Bath
..
..
••
••
M.B. Wallscnd .
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE
C.B. Nottingham S. .
41,4(
269,g(
»
•
•
i'
3
••
100
493'
••
18 <
19
512
2817
113
APPENDIX I
EZPENSITiniE
Deficit
MET BY
Total
INCOME
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Bath upkeep
MISCELLANEOUS
TOTAL
ASSESS-
MENT
EXPENDI
1
TUKE
Date
OF
ESTAB.
Remarks
LTSH.
MENT
Rents
and
Loan
Rates.
Taxes,
Insur-
Re-
newals
and
Total
Salaries
and
Wases
Heating
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
Soap
and
Clean.
Total
Printing
and
Station-
Otlier
Items
Total
Charges
ance
Repairs
tumes
mg
ery
17
18
19
£
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
•
•
•
•
*
•
•
«
*
•
*
•
«
*
•
» 1878
1855
* One open air ; bathing in
river.
* No record kept.
* Exclusive of site.
' Town Council let these
baths at £14 per annum,
but are responsible for
outside repairs.
618
656
..
..
656
307
341
172
88
260
64
10
* 1
75
*
m
6
341 1908
Instruction provided by
Education Committee.
' Included under col. 31.
■ June to September only.
238
243
8
178
187
54
1
55
1
1
243 Acquired
1900
* June to September only.
73
73
18
18
54
1
..
55
73 1884
> June to September only.
•
•
•
•
«
«
«
*
•
*
*
*
*
•
«
• ♦
1914
* Small swimming bath.
* Also river bathing.
576
i;498
432
110
11
653
258
286
230
75
67"
gio
29
•
29
1,49S 1914
' Figures for 1915 16.
and
' Open air.
1915
' Excludes 13,547 soldiers.
* Includes soldiers' bathing,
£91 (6-1%).
" Includes sundries.
1
33
49
2
13
16
24
9"
33
49
1906
' River bathing.
' Cleaning out river.
^ June to September only.
25
42
28
2
2
32
10
10
42
1898
' Education Committee con-
tribute 7/0 per 100 children.
71
89
15
6
3f.'
56
33
33
89
1906
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
' River front
' Includes new cabins, £28.
6707
13,318
5751
3155
7261
306
13,318
Education Committee pay
£300 per annum and pro-
vide instnjction.
■ Includes 88.869 children.
= Includes rent, etc.
•
•
•
•
•
«
*
«
•
*
*
«
•
•
•
«
1828
' For boys only.
" Included under cols. 1 & 2.
«
•
•
•
«
*
*
•
»
•
•
*
*
»
«
1880
' Incl. 22,401 sch. children.
" included under cols. 1 & 2.
> Exclusive of site.
' 40 tickets.
' CO tickets.
•
•
•
*
«
*
*
•
•
•
*
*
*
*
*
•
1886
' Includes 21,405 school
children.
' Included under cols. 1 & S.
• 40 tickets.
' (10 tickets. I
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
•
*
•
•
188C
1 Incl, 24,018 sch. children.
' Included under cols. 1 & 2.
' 40 tickets.
' CO tickets.
•
•
«
«
*
*
*
•
«
•
•
•
•
*
*
•
1907
' Incl. 21,012 sch. children.
* Includes 7 sprays.
' Gvinnasium fees.
* Iiicluded under cols. 14 2.
•
•
•
•
•
«
*
«
•
•
•
*
•
*
*
•
1858
rebuilt
1896
' Included under col. 2.
17
672
••
"
••
...
..
672
17
672
17
90>
107'
230
167
63
•
63
644
21
21
672
1854
added to
18tJ6
1009
' Includes expenditure on
towels.
Built by the Corporation;
leased at notnin.il tcnt.tl to
Tyncmouth .\inatcur Club.
436
918
27
27
416
294
118
1
29
857
3
62
05
948
1912
' Fees not diflerciitilted.
3591
G,407
6,407
Cliildren free in classes.
* Includes Jewess bath. |
■ Jewess bath and bathers |
excluded.
114
REr C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of I'laci-.
CAPITAL
COST
PoPUl.A-
11 ON
NORFOLK.— continued
C.B. Norwich. — cont.
Swan Swimminj
Bath P
M.B. King's Lynn =■ .
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE
C.B. Northampton S.
Midsummer
Meadow
Kingsthorpc
Mill
Millers Meadow
(AUn)
Messrs. Phipps
& Co.> P. .
Peterborough ' .
U.D.C. tKetteriug*
Oundlc '
Rate
Aid
IN
Terms
OF Id.
IN/:
20,201 1.380'
00,064 6,108
4,000
1,050
1,05S
*
29,972 7,363
Rolhwcll .
Wellingborough '
NORTHUMBERLAND
C.B. Newcastle
Norlhumber-
land Baths .
WestRatc
Hykcr .
Newbridge St.
Gallowgatc .
Tynemouth
Public Baths .
Sea-waUr Bath
19,75; 200
approx.
266,60: 84,626
, M.B. WaUsend .
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE
C.B. NotUncham S.
7,300
10,160
8,992
24,000
PP-RCENTAGE5
Bath
Fees
Wash-
House
Other Rate
Items Aid
75
approx,
58,81 7,964
7,964
41,41 9,627
Z69,9( 42,875
7-6
••
21
•4
1-a
*
*
sb-B'
5^0
32-7
381
20-2
25-3
21-6
2-7
•02
■02
94-2
900
97-9
100-0
38-5
Expenditure
76-2
77-0
24-7
«
36-9
Upkeep
Other
lleiiis
32-7 67-3 32-7
59-5
79-8
58-2
32-3
76-2
62-9
.. ; 2-5
7-0 2-5
20 460
. . 560
22-2
74-0
*
17-2
23-8
371
23-7
33
■4
1-4
43-9'
18-4
2-8
Miscel-
laneous
1-7
1-9
Expendi-
ture
30-8
37-2
43-9
43-8
2-3
6-8
10-0
381
20-2
Swimming Bdth
2d.
F.
F.
5d.,4d.,
3d.
2d.
F.
F.
5d., 4d.
3d.,
2d.
F.
4d.,3d.
2d.
Id."
F.
s6d.,
4d.
6d., 5d.
(21/),
6d.,3d.
(4/'),2d,
(4n,2d.
(4/').2d.
(16/),
3d.
(10/6),
4d..3d.
97-5
31 ; 97-5
6-9
540
440
(10/6),
3d.
(2/6),'
Id.
(2/6),'
Id.
(2/6).'
Id.
(10/),
2d.
[(6/)4d.][(3/)3.1.]: [(I/)]
3d. 3<1. I 2d.. Id.
si/,
6d.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d..
2d.
<4d..
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
s6d.,
3d.
si/,
6d.
s4d..
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
s4d.,
2d.
s6d.,
Sd.
6d., 3d.' 6d.
s6d., ; s6d.,
3d. 3d.
115
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE Hours per week
Datk
OF
ESTAB-
LISH.
ME NT
(May to September)
(October to April)
n^.t,, Turkish
^'"^ Baths
Wasli-
House
Swimininff
Bath
Private
Balhs
Wash-
House
26
Swimraintr
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash-
House
31
Whole Time
Part Time
or Juniors
Total
in
Sum-
mer
36
Total
in
Win-
ter
37
Chil-
dren
17
Male'
IB
Fe-
male
19
First
Hour
20
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
21
Male
22
Fe-
male
23
Male
2t
Fe-
male
25
.Male
27
Fe-
male
28
Male
29
male
30
Male
32
Fe-
uuile
33
Male
34
Fe-
male
35
REMARKS
s4d.
Id.
6d.
M.
6d.
1/6,
1/
■■
9d.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.
Id.
l}d.
After
3rd,
lid.
After
3rd,
IJd.
After
3rd,
l»d.
After
3rd,
l}d.
.After
3rd,
IJd.
2d.
*
75
93'
81"
93 >
*
*
73'
57
79
76
*
*
•
«
*
68
«
12-
93'
12 >
*
*
17"
12
15
9
•
•
•
•
•
12
♦
V
86
86
86
86
86
86
66
79
*
*
86
86
86
86
86
86
66
79
55
61
55
55
55
66
■■
* •
75
Clo
CIo
Closed
«
'Op
Clo
Clo
Clo
Op
Op
Op
Op
Gy
nas
•
68
*
12
sed
sed
«
en
sed
sed
sed
en
en
en
en
m-
ium
*
12
*
V
79
79
79
79
79
79
66
79
*
*
79
79
79
79
79
79
66
79
55
61
55
55
55
66
*
1
1
1
1
*
1
1
1
*
*
*
*
*
«
3
5
*
1
1
*
1
*
*
«
*
•
«
1
5
*
•
1
*
•
*
«
*
•
1
•
1
«
*
«
*
«
*
1
*
2
2
1
1
♦
3
1
1
1
*
*
*
*
*
•
6
10
*
2
*
*
•
«
•
*
*
6
10
1878
1855
1908
Acquired
1900
1884
«
1914
1914
and
1915
1906
1898
1906
1828
1886
1886
1880
1907
1858
rebuilt
1896
1854
added to
1H86
1909
1912
' One open air ; bathing in
river.
* No record kept.
' Exclusive of site.
* Town Council let these
baths at £14 per annum,
but are responsible for
outside repairs.
Instruction provided by
Education Committee.
* Included imder col. 31,
* June to September only.
' June to September only.
* June to September only.
^ Small swimming bath.
* Also river bathing.
» Figures for 191516.
' Open air.
» Excludes 13.547 soldiers.
* Includes soldiers' bathing,
£91 (6-1%).
^ Includes sundries.
' River bathing.
' Cleaning out river.
' Tune to September only.
' Education Committee con-
tribute 7/6 per 100 children.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
> River front
' Includes new cabins, £28.
Education Committee pay
£300 per annum and pro-
vide instruction.
' Includes SS.869 chiJdreD.
- Includes rent, etc.
' For boys only.
= Included under cols. 1 & 2.
' Incl. 22,404 sch. children.
* Included under cols. 1 fit 2.
" Exclusive of site.
* 40 tickets.
* 00 tickets.
' Includes 21,405 school
children.
* Included under cols. 1 & 2.
» 40 tickets.
* 60 tickets.
» Incl. 24,048 sch. children.
» Included under cols. 1 & 2.
' 40 tickets.
* GO tickets.
» Incl. 21,012 sch. children.
» Includes 7 srrays.
' Gymnasium fees.
* Included under cols. 1 & 2.
» Included under ccl. 2.
» Includes expenditure on
towels.
Built by the Corporation;
leai^cd at nomin.i! rental to
Tynemouth .Am.itcurClub.
' Fees not diflcrentiitcd.
Children free in classes.
' Includes Jewess batli.
■Jewess bath and bathen
excluded.
116
A
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING Baths
SLIPPER A.ND SPRAY BATHS
.\AMli OF PLACE
Popula-
tion
Number
Area
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Femnles
only
Total
Length
Breadtli
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE— cM.
C.B. Nottingham, S.—
continued
Victoria Baths
80,000
approx.
1
3
ft.
no
100
70
ft.
35
43
30
114,619
29,661
144,280
20
11'
31'
25,384
9,591 '
34,975
1269
942"
Radford Baths
Northern Baths
Portland Baths'
M.B. East Retford .
02,000
approx.
;)7,000
approx.
311,000
approx.
13,3S5
1
1
1
1
65
70
100
70
31
28
30
25
28,444
25,091
14,983
12,429
8,482
4,068
6,269
3,288
36,926
29,159
21,252'
18,787'
10
8
16
4
2
4
7
2
12
12
23
6
11,947
6,361
9,948
2,170
2,400
1,003
5,532
291
14,347
7,364
16,480'
2,461
1195
795
662
642
1200
251
790
145
Newark'
lli,408
1
••
*
•
•
6
*
•
8,288
138
1
River Ball:
Market Hall .
1
260
150
*
*
*
6
•
«
sidss
'i38
1
U.D.C. Bceslon .
11,336
Worksop .
20.3,S"
1
100
55
4,085
218
4,303
OXFORDSHIRE
M.B. Banbury .
I3,1S8
1
170
70
2.014
174
2,188
U.D.C. Wilncy' .
3,.i29
1
..
«
*
. 5,227
SHROPSHIRE
M.B. Oswestry .
Shrewsbury'
9,991
29,389
1
2
75
82
60
25
33
30
«
36,210
•
8,184
17,000
approx.
44,394
18
-•\
6
3
24
•
8,926
•
1,712
500
approx.
10,638
16
496
7
285
U.D.C. tWhitchurch ' .
.-.,7:>T
1
48
24
8,000'
approx.
1,000
approx.
9,000
approx.
2
•
•
360
18
0
SOMERSET
C.B. Bath
CUvdantt Haths
50,721
2
137
60
38
20
27,028
838
27,934 '
Baths & Laun-
dries Soc. P.'
••
15
8
23
5,837
831
6,668
389
104
Bristol S. .
357,048
12
216,300
39,995
256,295
203
84,150
15,130
99,280
48
9
Broad Weir
Baths
1
60
30
22,546
3,582
26,128
62
14
76 .
19,805
2,447
22,252
319
175
Mayor's Pad-
dock .
1
75
22
28,171
4,338
32,509
48
11
69
27,104
2,817
30,011
567
266
117
APPENDIX I
1 1.RKISH AND Russian Baihs
Total attendance
Attendance per looo
OF Population
Wash-houses
Total
Accom-
moda-
Bathers
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
including
Turkish
Accommodation
Washers
Washers
per
Date
OF
tion
and
Russian
Stall
Estab-
lish-
ment
remarks
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
17
IS
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
26
27
28
29
30
' Includes Jewess bath.
^ Includes 175 Jewesses.
140,003
39,252
179,255
1803
437
2241
1850
^ Jewe'^ bath and bathers
excluded.
* Included under rents.
* Laundry, £65 ; rents, £5.
■ Steam to schools, £28.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
" Oct.-March.
* Superintendent.
40,391
10,882
51,273
596
231
827
..
1879
' Includes soap and cleaning.
,.
31,452
5,071
36,523
512
129
641
.,
1908
' Includes soap and cleaning.
••
24,931
11,801
36,732 '
545'
397'
942'
••
1916
^Figures April to September.
^Includes soap and cleaning.
■
14,599
3,579
L21,248<
1403
184
1587
1896
iddedto
1900
' Education Committee pro-
vides instruction.
' Includes 3070 sch. children.
^ Manager takes tuition fees.
* In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
•
«
♦
•
505
•
' *
' Figures for 1915. Expendi-
ture of 2 baths undiflferen-
tiated.
" Included under col. 31.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
*
*
•
*
•
*
' Seasons not defined.
*
*
8,288
1915
*
A shed by canal ; used
chiefly by boys.
4,085
218
4,303
211
211
■■
1910
* In classes.
- Seasons not defined.
2,014
174
2,188
163
.,
163
•
' In classes.
••
*
*
5,227
1481
1481
•■
1891
1910
* River bath.
••
17,000
500
17,500
•
*
•
*
^ Seasons not defined.
••
approx.
45,136
arprox.
9,896
approx.
55,032_
1511
362
1873
1891
» Included under col. 30.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
3 In classes.
* Includes April and Oct.
'
•
•
9,360
approx.
*
63
♦
1891
' Figures post-war.
* Includes 4000 soldiers at Id.
^ Endowment.
* Gift.
» Seasons not defined.
..
27,028
838
27,934
551
551
1870
» Includes naixed bathing, 68.
= Hunt.
3 Mixed bathing only.
* Includes October.
5,837
831
6,668
18
+
3,253
181
1847
* Figures for 1915.
* Includes rents, £17.
' Municipal grant.
* Includes rates and taxes.
^ Includes cleansing station
rent, £8.
* Urv-ing Id. and 2d.perdoz.,
ironing id. per hour.
12
9812
9812
310,262
55,125
365,387
718
278
1023
102
+
31,U4
305
Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
Administration by super-
intendent not included in
staff.
» Includes general receipts.
' Includes administration,
£431.
' Excludes alterations paid
from revenue, £7482.
* Includcsadministration.-OO.
42,351
6,029
48,380
••
38
+
13,656
359
1849
1877 »
' iiirludes printing, etc.
" i;xcludestowcIwashers,and
instructors.
* Swimming bath added.
55,365
7,155
62,520
i
1
64
+
17,488
273
1871
u
118
RE] B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
INCOME
Bath Fees
Wash-
House
Pay-
Rent
FOR
Premises
MlSCEIXANEOUS
1
TOTAL
Receipts
ments
NAMK of I'LACE
I'OPUI.A
TION
Swim-
ming
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
' Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Total
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Total
XOTTINGHAMSHIRE— cM
C.B. Nottingham, S.—
continued
Victoria Baths
80,000
approx.
1
a
3
t
»
__*__
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
U
16
£
1766
£
673
£
619
£
£
£
£
* 1
£
40
£
£
1332
£
£
198'
£
206
£
£
30 «
£
236
Radford Baths
Northern Baths
Portland Baths'
M.B. East Retford .
02,000
approx.
57,000
approx.
39,000
approx.
13,385
285
172
220
81
238
92
199
43
47
25
1
36
23
11
1
606
312
431
126
••
33
16
45
36
22
5
4
2
47
36
22
8
686
364
452'
134
Newark'
16,408
■•
•■
••
106
River Bath
Market Hall .
4
102
-•
■■
4
102
••
4
102
U.D.C. Becston .
11,336
..
..
Worksop .
20,387
22
..
22
22
OXFORDSHIRE
M.B. Banbury .
13,458
52
52
.. j ..
\
52
U.D.C. H'i(H<-v' .
3,529
•
*
«
*
•
13
SHROPSHIRE
M.B, Oswestry .
9,991
•
*
-•
*
•
« •
*
100
Shrewsbury-
29,339
335
243
••
578
••
9
o
14
592
U.D.C. tWhilchurch ' .
5,757
•
*
••
•■
60
approx.
••
__
••
20'
20
80
approx.
SOMERSET
C.B. Bath
Cleveland Baths
50,721
2
■•
1
3
3
Baths & Laun-
dries Soc. P.'
77
••
••
••
•■
••
77
61
••
36'
36
164
Bristol S. .
357,048
•■
••
'■
••
••
3238'
Broad Weir
Baths
09
264
1
363
128
1
8
6
1
15
508
Mayor's Pad-
dock .
141
321
••
1
1
1
4til
199
13 7
19
680
119
APPENDIX I
DEFICIT
MET BV
ASSESS-
MENT
Total
Income
£
1,865
72fi
1000
581
267
£
3631
1412
1364
1033
401
262
19 ! ly
approx.'apFrox
96 . 118
103
7
83
approx.
244
200'
156
20
162
247
7851
EXPENBEtUBE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
and
L.oan
Charges
£
1230
283
482
530
108
333
36
Rates.
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
£
71
23
21
4
26
82
12
103
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
149
96
58
38
35
30
34
74
£
1449
403
562
534
173
103
58
117
478
85
73
211
177
Bath upkeep
Salaries
and
Wages
£
985
482
423
106
110'
60
33
20
*
317
67
76
131
H eating
and Water
Lighting !
£
634
207
181
119
106
£
466
266
152
172
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
£
69'
37'
29'
17'
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
277
46
510 162
549 . 238
75
20'
37
£
2154
993
785
474
223
689
115
Miscellaneous
256
865
Printing
and
Statiun-
£
17
20
Other
Items
10
12
27
TOTAL
EXPENDI-
lURE
36
£
3631
1412
1364
1033'
4U1
262
19
approx.
118
156
20
1193
162
7851 =
1077
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1850
1879
1908
1916
1896
added to
1900
1891
1910
1891
1891
1870
1840
1877'
' Includes Jewess bath.
^ Includes 175 Jewesses.
= Jewe'^ bath and bathers
excluded.
* Included under rents.
^ Laundry, £65 ; rents, £5.
* Steam to schools, £28.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
» Oct.-March.
* Superintendent.
^ Includes soap and cleaning.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
' Figures April to September.
- Includes soap and cleaning.
' Education Committee pro-
vides instruction.
^ Includes 3070 sch. children.
' Manager takes tuition fees.
* In classes.
* Seasons not defined.
' Figures forl915. Expendi-
ture of 2 baths undifferen-
tiated.
^ Included under col. 31.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
' Seasons not defined.
A shed by canal ; \ised
chiefly by boys.
' In classes.
* Seasons not defined.
' In classes.
* River bath.
* Seasons not defined.
' Included under col. 30.
- Includes soap and cleaning.
'In classes.
* Includes .A.pril and Oct.
' Figures post-war.
* Includes 4000 soldiers at Id.
' Endowment.
* Gift.
' Seasons not defined.
> Includes mixed bathing, 68.
' Punt.
* Mixed bathing only.
* Includes October.
' I'it;ures for 1915.
- Includes rents, £17.
' Municipal grant.
* Includes rates and taxes.
^ Includes cleansing station
rent, £8.
* Dr>'ingld.and2d.pcrdo2.,
ironing *d. per hour.
Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
Administration by super-
intendent not included in
staff.
* Includes general receipts.
' Includes administration,
£431.
' Excludes alterations paid
from revenue, £7482.
* Includcsadministration,-06.
' Includes printing, etc.
* Excludes towelwashers.and
instructors.
' Swimming bath added.
120
RE] C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name ok place
N'OrriNGHAMSHIRE— c/ii,
C.B. Nottingham. S. —
continued
Victoria Baths
Radford Baths
Northern Baths
Portland Baths
M.B. East Retford .
River Bath
Market Hall
U.D.C. liecston
Worksop
OXFORDSHIRE
M.B. Banbury
U.D.C. Witney ^
SHROPSHIRE
M.B. Oswestry
Shrewsburj-
U.D.C. JWhitchurch '
SOMERSET
C.B. Bath
Cleveland Baths
Baths & Laun
driesSoc. P.'
Broad Weir
Baths
Mayor's Pad-
dock .
ICAPITAI.
I COST
I'OPULA
TION
80,000
approx.
02,000
8,231
approx.
S7,000
7,116
approx.
39,000
12,000
approx.
13,385
3,650
11,336
20,387
13,458
3,529
9,991
29,389
357,048
£
27,529
382
941
1,376
70
8,000
2,600
1,700
Kate
Aid
IN
THRMS
iif-- Id.
IN £
•36
•46
1^0
PERCENTAGES
Hath
Fees
4b7
314
18^6
333
48^4
Wash.
House
!•£
Gift
*
77,679 •
•86 «
12,985
■08
17,339
•07
Other
Items
12^0«
33^7
39^3
51^4
73-3
66^2
66^6
Expenditure
Charge
for
Premises
28^5
41^2
61^7
43^1
393
66^0
350
49-2
75^0
99
1^6
344
68^8
52^8
Upkeep
Salaries,
etc.
34^1
310
16^1
27-4
30^5
60'8
212
1000
50-4 40^1 26
50^6 29^0
30-8
Other
Items
32-2
36'2
26^5
29'8
28'2
25^6
31^2
0 343
19-8
151
474
46-8
Miscel-
laneous
1-2
1-2
23
15
Expendi
ture
23'
4^5
33-0'
38-3
48-(
48-6
43^8
33^4
4d.[3d.:
3d. [2d.]
3d. [2d.i
3d. [2d.]
4d.[3d.]
6d.,3d.,
2d., Id.
4-6 » 40^5
333
65-0
49-6
1-2
451
41-2
47^;
Swiiumin^ Bath
4d.[3d.]
3d. [2d.]
6d.[3d.]
3d. [2d.]
3d. [2d.]
4d.[3d.]
6d.,2d.,
Id.
F.
Id.
(2/6,1/9)
2d., Id.
(4/) 2d.
(7/6) 6d,
3d., Id
6d.,2d,
3d., 2d
2d., Id.
F.
2d., Id.
F.
Id., F.
2d., Id.
F.
F.'
F.
Id.
(l/)2d.
Id.
(4/) 2d.
(5/) 6d.,
3d., Id
6d.
4d.,> F,
2d.
F.
F.'
F.'
(l/)ld.
(8/)Jd.
3d., Id.
4d.»
ISd.
2d.,> F.
Male
Female
16
16
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
sSd.
s6d.,
3d.
s3d.
s6d.,
3d.
6d., 4d
s4d.,
2d.
2d.
2d., id
2d., id.
s3d.
s8d.;
3d.
s6d.,
4d.
3d., 2d.
s6d.
3d.
6d., 4d.
Sid.,
2d.
s3d.
s6d.,
8d.
s6d.,
4d.
3d., 2d,
6d., 4d.
6d., 4d.
6d.
8d.,4d
121
APPENDIX I
Wasli-
House
Chil-
dren
Fe-
male
First
Hour
Id.
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
(May to September)
Swimming
Bath
After
2nd,
2d.
After
2nd,
2d.
90'
Fe-
male
27
Private
Baths
Fe.
male
82
25
90
84
Wasli
House
84
84
66
(October to April)
Swimming
Batli
(l)Ha
(2 a
63
63
Op
H
CIo
64
Clo
CIo
Gy
nasi
Clo
Gy
nasi
nd3)
63
63
aU
sed'
sed
sed
uni '
sed
sed
Private
Baths
63
25
Fe-
male
Wash
Hous*
Fe-
male
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
5 5
12
10'
Total
ill
Win-
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1915
1891
1910
' Includes Jewess bath.
^ Includes 175 Jewesses.
3 Jewe'^ bath and bathers
excluded.
* Included under rents.
' Laundry, £65 ; rents, £5-
« Steam to schools, £28.
' Includes soap and cleaning,
9 Oct.-March.
* Superintendent.
1379 ' Includes soap and cleaning.
1908 ' Includes soap and cleaning,
1916 ' Figures April to September,
- Includes soap and cleaning.
1896 ' Education Committee pro-
added to vides instruction.
1900 ^ Includes 3070 sch. children.
^ Manager takes tuition fees.
* In classes.
* Seasons not defined.
' Figures for 1915. Expendi-
ture of 2 baths undifferen-
tiated.
^ Included under col. 31.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
' Seasons not defined.
1847
1840
1877'
1871
A shed by canal ; use^
chiefly by boys.
^ In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
' In classes.
' River bath.
* Seasons not defined.
* Included under col. 30.
- Includes soap and cleaning,
' In classes.
* Includes April and Oct.
Figures post-war.
= Includes 4000 soldiersatld.
' Endowment.
* Gift.
* Seasons not defined.
> Includes mixed bathing, 68.
= Punt.
^ Mixed bathing only.
* Includes October.
' I-'ipures for 1915.
^ Includes rents, £17.
' Municifxil grant.
* Inchides rates and taxes.
^ Includes cleansing station
rent, £8.
* Drying Id. and 2d.pcrdoz.,
ironing Id. per hour.
liducation Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
.■Administration by super-
intendent not included io
staff.
* Includes general receipts.
* Includes administration,
£431.
' Excludes alterations paid
from revenue, £7482.
* liulndcsadministration,-06.
' Includes printing, etc.
* Excludes towclwashcrs.and
instructors.
' Swimming bath added.
122
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
SOMERSET. — continued
C.B. Bristol. S.—tonl.
Jacob's Well
Baths
Victoria Baths
Royal Baths .
Barton Hill .
Rinnison'F
GrevilU Smyth
Victoria Park
Easlvilk Park
M.B. Bridgewater
Taunton .
U.D.C. Midsomcr Norton
HOPULA-
TtON
SWIMMING Baths
leraale^
only
Shepton Mallet '
STAFFORDSHIRE
C.B. Burton-on-Trent
Smethwick
22,501
7,299
48,206
Stoke-on-Trent
Burslem
Hanley
Longton
Stoke .
TunstalJ
EIruria Works P
Walsall .
Wolverhampton
234,543
4l,5fiO
66,255
37,479
36,218
27,:i9(l
92,115
65,328
Lengtii
ft.
78
83
23
120
120
120
100
35 ■
84
100
10
2
61
61
2 60
60
75
ft.
35
20
38'
43
75
22
35
35
35
60
25'
31
30
37
37
39,909
7,630
26,965
56,446
7,851
7,184
6,955
12,643
25,972
25 34,813
28
3
60
51
22
2
69
55
2
54
42
1
76
1
•
2
76
48
2
81
100
28
33
30
27
16
30
SO
30
27
30
24
:t2
40
5,778
8,092
9,670
8,535
SLIPPER AND SPRAY BATHS
6,987
15,356
10,774
45,687
15,722
36,635
64,981
7,851
7,184
6,955
12,643
13,890
1,254'
5,839
34,240
41,800
24
160,827
40,042
45,491
729 31,827
20,197
1795
49,540 I 14,300
i
5:;.r89 , fl.odj
10
12 4
22 I 6
16 8
23,270
63,915 18 ' 7
19 10
29
5
34
20
16,279
2,715
18,157
4,444
472
4,950
8,283
102
16
28
24
21
5
25
20,723
3,187
Bathers per
B.ith or Spray
708
741
757
777
12,206
9,539
13,493
10,582
3374
15,307 2116 17,423
70,980
7,787
31,203
16,036
10.727
6,227
13,956
111
592 209
48
111
588
806
168
123
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND
RT'SsiAN Baths
Total attfnoance
attendance per 1000
OF Population
Wash-Houses
Accom.
moda-
lion
Battlers
Swimmiiie
Bath
Private
Baths
Total
including
Turkisl?
and
Russian
Accommodation
Washers
Washers
Stall
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
17
18
19
30
21
22
33 1 21
2S
36 1 27
28
29
30
56,188
10,222
66,410
..
..
10,345
8,564
18,909
•■
••
26,965
9,670
36,635
-.
..
..
12'
9812
9812
84,415
7,851
7,184
6,955
12,643
«
*
•
13,485
•
•
97,900
7,851
7,184
6,955
12,643
13,890
1,254 >
5,839 '
827
•
1165
■•
827
«
1165
•■
••
-•'
•■
.5t
1303
157
1,460
.38,704
43,096
9,202
8,243
47,906
51,339
709
591
253
135
993
672
••
«
«
*
11,113
•
•
242,920
686
303
1036
16 V
«
•
3,800
•
*
51,629
963
187
1242
12t>
«
•
3,727
•
•
80,421
687
471
1214
••
•■
IOt
*
«
3,586
*
*
15,255 1
•
•
•
2.541
•
51,449'
30,924
28,497 '
«
849
558
850
428
296
191
1373
854
1040
••
*T
24S0
627
3,077
62,581
68,096
18,367
11,119
80,948
79,215
694
648
152
183
879
831
•■
i
Estab-
lish-
ment
il
Ac
quired
189r
1904
1904
1904
1893
1908
1875
since
idded to
1888
idded to
1908
1889
* Excludes towel-washers and
instructors.
Pur-
' Open air.
chased
'Seasons not defined.
1897
' Excludes towel-washets and
instructors.
\cquired
* Excludes towel-washere and
1897
instructors.
1894
1874
1896
1890
idded to
1909
X "
^ Kane's Baths.
* Excludes towel-washersand
instructors.
Seasons not defined.
' Bath "for children.
' Includes April and October.
Baths scheme approved.
^ Excludes school children,
not counted.
^ Figures for 1914.
' ExcJudes school children,
not counted.
' For adapting former reser-
voir.
' Includes fees, £357.
* Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £20.
' Includes water.
* Extensions by loan.
* Well on premises.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
' Includes subscription,
£1000.
* Per dozen tickets.
* 25 tickets.
* Includes April and Oct.
* IncludesShrs. for sch. girls.
' Excludes instructors and
towel-washers.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
* For washing towels.
' Site given.
* Easter to October 15.
* Also vapoiu- baths.
* For heating Town Hall.
* For washing towels.
* Easter to October 15.
lacl. 15,742 sch. children.
" For washing towels.
* Easter to October 15.
^ Heating municipal build-
ings, £71.
For washing towels.
' Easter to October 15.
» Incl. 10,701 sch. children.
' Heating municipal build-
ings, £103.
For washing towels.
* Easter to October 15.
* 3 days per week.
' I day per week.
Includes water.
Includes £63 undifferenti-
ated.
* For 6 months.
* Includes April.
■ Chair hire, £20 ; laundiy,
£20.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
* Seasons not defined.
B
124
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
SOMERSET.— conlinutrf
C.B. Bristol, S.—cont.
Jacob's Well
Baths
Victoria Baths
Royal Baths .
Barton Hill .
Rennison'^
GrevilU Smyth
Victoria Park
Eastvitlc Park
M.B. Bridgewalcr .
Taunton .
U.D.C. Midsomcr Norton
Skepton Mallet^
STAFFORDSHIRE
C.B. Burton-on-Trent
Sinethwick
Stoke-on-Trent
Burslem
Hanley
POPULA-
TION
10,802
22,661
7,299
5,011
48,266
70,694
234,543
41,566
66,255
Longton
37,479
Stoke .
36,218
Tunstall
27,390
Etruria Works P
Walsall .
92,115
Wolverhampton
65,32f
£
216
234
286
320
40
220
249
188
£
236
Spray
165
158
410
195
138
230
558 298
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluileti
in fore-
going
164"
116
113
106
118
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas.
■ etc.
IWaSH-
HOUSE
Pay-
ments
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
16
16'
24 »
16'
12"
11'
£
452
292
286
700
40
27
26
43
RENT
FOR
Premises
473'
607
789
494
238
202
«
844
872
£
28
16
27
13
15
262
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
22
20
26
6
10
19
Other
Items
22'
Total
receipts
27
40'
73'
108"
44'
20
66
6
83
127
125
APPENDIX I
Deficit
MET BY
ASSRSS
MEN 1
TOTAL
INCI.IME
£
633
280
231
1347
44
242
186
165
859
5028
1301
574
7570
1828
1780
1287 1780
£
1132
596
554
2080
101
274
218
216
26
1353
1342
900
805 I 1764
1032 ' 2210
EXFENCITUKE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Kems
Rates.
and
Taxes.
Loan
Insur-
Charges
ance
19
20
£
£
390
111
160
41
123
Q7fl
29
11R
140
140
140
117
671
499
191
106
187
124
366 67
518 91
1102 170
Re-
newals
Repairs
£
45
87
242
35
272
159
£
547
288
92 244
64 , 1157
2 19
64 204
146
146
499
779
877
536
186 757
131 361
169 i 602
211 ! 820
88 1361
Bath Upkeep
Salaries
and
Wages
£
400
120
534
43
38
38
40
52
402
429
424
350
245
479
483
Heating
and
Lighting
£
106
29
67
200
343
568
323
91
78
130
29
24
27
23
11
66 1'
110
161
437 148
191 78
97
219 ,41 65' •
Towels
and
Cos-
tnnies
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
27
4
33
2
32
32
3
43
14
24
£
506
297
897
74
04
66
64
M ISCELLANEOUS
30 I 03;i
59 1217
1011
531
653
807
Printing
and
other
Station-
Items
ery
29
30
£
£
20
13
Total
EXPENDI-
URE
13
26
13
5
16
10
,10
28
42
£
1132
696
554
2080
101
274
218
210
1353
7570
182S
1780
1788
900
1270
Date
OF
ESTAB-
Remarks
LISH-
MENT
1889
* Excludes towel-washers and
instructors.
Pur-
' Open air.
chased
' Seasons not defined.
1897
' Excludes towel-washers and
instructors.
Acquired
* Excludes towel-washeraand
1897
instructors.
1904
* Kane's Baths.
* Excludes towel-washeisand
instructors.
Ac- ^
quired
1892
1904
1904
' Seasons not defined.
1904
1893
1 Bath for children.
^ Includes April and October.
Baths scheme approved.
1908
' Excludes school children,
not counted.
1875
since
added to
1888
added to
1908
1894
1874
189G
1809
added to
1909
Figures for 1914
* Excludes school children,
not counted.
' For adapting former reser-
voir.
» Includes fees, £357.
* Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £20.
' Includes water.
* Extensions by loan.
' Well on premises.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
' Includes subscription,
£1000.
* Per dozen tickets.
^ 25 tickets.
* Includes April and Oct.
' Includes 8 hrs. for sch. girls.
■ Excludes instructors and
towel -washers.
Education Committee pio-
vide instruction.
' For washing towels.
' Site given.
* Easter to October 15.
* Also vapour baths.
' For heating Town Hall.
* For washing towels.
* Easter to October 15.
* Incl. 15,742 sch. children.
' For washing towels.
■ Easter to October 15.
> Heating municipal build-
ings, £71.
* For washing towels.
» Easter to October 15.
» Incl. 10,701 sch. children.
' Healing municipal build*
ings, £103.
' For washing towels.
* Easter to October 15.
^ 3 days per week.
* 1 day per week.
' Includes water.
* Includes £63 undifferenti-
ated.
* For 6 months.
* Includes April.
» Chair hire. £20 ; laundry,
£20.
' Includes soap and cleaning.
' Seasons not defined.
126
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
SOMERSET.— continued
C.B. Bristol, S.—cont.
Jacob's Well
Baths
Victoria Baths
Royal Baths .
Barton Hill .
Rennison'F
GreviUe Smyth
Victoria Park
Eastvitle Park
M.B. Bridgcwater
Taunton .
U.D.C. Midsomer Norton
Sheptonilallct'
STAFFORDSHIRE
C.B. Burton-on-Trent
Smethwick
POPULA-
TION
Stoke-on-Trent
Burslem
Hanlcy
Longton
Stoke .
Tunstall
EIruria Works
Walsall .
CAPITAL
Cost
£
11,845
3,285
2,522
20,276
1,508
2,687
2,736
2,496
Gift
RATE
AID
IN
TERMS
OF 1(1.
INX"
■08
■04
■03
■20
■01
■03
■03
■03
22,561
7,299
48,266
70,694
200
250'
Gift'
PERCENTAGES
Bath
Fees
■25
approx.
•75
41,566
37,479
36,218
47,175
10,680
12,483
11,297
5,815
6,900
92,iir
166
■43
•39
■17
Wolverhampton 95,3i
39-9
49^0
51^6
337
99
11-9
19-9
Wash-
House
34^1
27^7
443
27-7
263
15^9
Other
Items
4^2
40
6^7
1-6
16^8
Rate
Aid
559
47^0
41^7
64^8
436
88^3
85^3
76^4
Expenditure
Charge
for
Premises
483
48^3
44^0
556
18^8
74^5
67^0
67-6
1^6
11
3^7
•3
10^5
100
3^1
13^8
66-4
71^2
520
63-4
741
Upkeep
Salaries,
etc.
58^0
48^0
SO^l
42^4
398
35^3
27^9
21^7
25^7
42^6
139
17^4
18-5
72^2
731
330
Other
Items
147
21^6
31^9
175
30^7
95
128
11^1
Miscel-
laneous
23^;
27^9
l^S
22
23
1-3
79
2^2
2-8
2^8
Expcndi-
ture
44^1
62^9
58^3
353
564
11^7
14-7
236
292
130^8
36-7
Swimming Bath
8^3 38
23^8
44^6
19^6
370
27^0
316
130
38^4
27-2
*
219
147
2d.
6d.
4d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
(5/, [2/])
2Jd.
[IJd.]
Id.
(5/)3Jd.
lid.
6d., 3d.
Id.
4d.C3d.]
2d.
1^0
1^5
33^6
28^8
48^0
2d.
6d.
4d.
2d.
(5,/, [2/])
2M.,
[lid.]
Id.
Chil.
dren
(5/)3Jd,
lid.
4d., 2d.
4d.,2d
27^9 4d., 2d.
36^8 4d., 2d
1^2 I 25^<
533
4d.[3d.
2d.
2d., id.
4d.
2d., id.
2d., id.
2d., id.
id.
Jd.
id.
(2/, 1/3)
l}d.
F.
(3/) lid.
Id., id.
(2/),'3d.
id.
6d., 4d.
6d.
6d.,4d.
4d., 2d.
(10/),
[(8/)],
Id., .3d.
2d., Id
4d., 2d.
4d., 2d
4d , 2d.
4d.,2d.
4d.,2d.
(10/),
t(8/)],
4d.,3d.,
2d., Id
2d., F.
2d., F.
2d., F.
2d., F.
2d., F.
Jd.
6d., 4d.
6d.
6d., 4d.
s 6d., s 6d.,
2d. 2d.
(8/),'
6a., 4d.
(10/61, (7/6), (5/6),
1(8,6)), i6d.f4d.](4/)3d.
8d.[4d.]| 3d. Id.
3d.
6d., 4d.
2d.
6d., 4d.
2d.
6d., 4d.
2d.
6d., 4d.
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.,
lid.
Hd.
(10/),'
6d., 4d.
s6d.,
3d.
(8/),'
6d.,4d.
6d., 4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d.,4d.,
2d.
6d., 4d.,
2d.,
lid.
IJd.
(10/),'
6d.,4d.
s6d.,
3d.
127
APPENDIX I
Chil-
dren
Turkish
Baths
6d.i
Fe-
male
6d.'
2/,l/6 2,',l/6
2d. l/,6d.
i
2d. il/,6d.
2d.
2d>
2d.
l/,6d.
1/6,1/
l/,6d.
l/,6d.
l/,6d.
1/6,1/
Wash-
House
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
AVERAGE Hours per week
(May to September)
Swimming
Bath
li
86
76'
75 •
90*
Fe
male
70'
28'
28
22
18* ■
21 <
Private
Baths
90
72
86
90'
Fe-
male
66
86
86
86
86
86
86
72
14
14
86
go-
Wash-
House
(October to April)
Swimming
Bath
CIo
Ha
Closed
Closed
Closed
Closed
CIo
Clo
CIo
Clo
CIo
CIo
ao
CIo
Clo
Ha
Ha
Private
Baths
sed
sed
sed
sed
sed
sed
sed
sed
Us
Us'
Wash
House
Fe.
male
or Juniors
Fe.
male
Sum-
mer
Total
in
Win-
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1889
Pur-
chased
1897
Acqtiired
189'
1904
Ac-
quired
i89r
190-!
1904
1904
2 I
1893
1913
1875
since
added to
1888
added to
1908
1894
1874
ISOO
added to
1909
* Excludes towel-washets and
instructors.
' Open air.
' Seasons not defined.
■ Excludes towel-washers and
instructors.
* Excludes towel-washers and
instructors.
^ Kane's Baths,
* Excludes towel-washersand
instructors.
Seasons not defined.
' Bath for children.
' Includes April and October.
Baths scheme approved,
^ Excludes school children^
not counted.
^ Figxures for 1914.
' ExcJudes school childreo^
not counted.
' For adapting fonner reser-
voir.
* Includes fees, £357.
' Includes rent of superin-
tendent's house, £20.
' Includes water.
* Extensions by loan.
' Well on premises.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
' Includes subscription,
£1000.
* Per dozen tickets.
* 25 tickets.
* Includes .-^pril and Oct.
' Includes 8 hrs. for sch. girls.
" Excludes instructors and
towel-washers.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
' For washing towels.
* Site given.
* Easter to October 15.
* Also vapour baths.
* For heating Town Hall.
' For washing towels.
* Easter to October 15.
^ Incl. 15,742 sch. children.
' For washing towels.
* Easier to October 15.
Heating municipal build-
ings, £71.
' For washing towels.
» Easter to October 15.
» Incl. 10.701 sch. children.
Heating municipal build-
ings, £103.
* For washing towels.
' Easter to October 15.
3 days per week.
1 day per week.
* Includes water.
* Includes £ft3 undifferenti-
ated.
* For 6 months.
* Includes April.
> Chair hire, £20 ; laundry,
£20.
Includes soap and cleaning.
' Seasons not defined.
128
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Swimming Baths
Slipper and
Spray baths
Name of place
POPULA-
TION
Number
Area
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Dather-i per
Bath or Spray
I-erTiales
o„ly
Total
Length
Breadth
Mjle
J-em.lle
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Tutal
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
6
6
9,094
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
IS
STAFFORDSH I RE.— co>i(.
M.B. Newc:istle-under-
Lyme
20,201
2
ft.
100
50
ft.
35
20
29,240
38,718'
12
7,999
598
8,597
71
6
Stafford .
23,383
2
80
37
33
14
*
.
26,335
15
7
22
*
•
19,595
89
1
Wednesbury ' .
28,103
*
2
25
51
28
22
10,050
1,557
11,G07
12
6
18
4,603
484
5,087
384
77
U.D.C. Leek
16,663
*
2
59
37
21
*
*
«
10
6
16
«
«
•
•
•
SUFFOLK
C.B. Ipswich .
73,932
3
..
•
«
*
12
10,685
780
11,485
95
5
Fore St.
1
73
25
0,450
9,397
18,847
12
10,685
780
11,485
95
5
Stake Bathing
Place ' (Men)
1
300
120
4,915 ■'
4,915 =
Wesiciid Bath-
ing Place .
1
80
40
•
*
2,634 '
..
^ ,
M.B. Bun' St. Ed-
munds," P. .
16,78.i
2
47
69'
10
17 =
*
*
*
••
Smlbury • .
7,141
1
100'
80'
*
•
15,300
approx.
••
,,
U.D.C. Slowmarkd, P. .
Ipswich Kd.' .
4,230
2
132
•
•
•
*
*
*
SURRF.y
C.B. Croydon .
Croydon
169,5 jl
5
21
100
86
35
25
•
*
*
167,125
104,922
48
26
15
4
63
30
•
•
•
•
49,166
27,894
78
93
0
0
South Norwood
2
66
70
28
35
*
•
34,388
16
7
23
•
«
9,385
40
8
Thornton Heath
1
66
23
•
*
27,815
6
4
10
•
•
11,887
118
9
129
APPENDIX I
TL-RKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
AccOiii-
iiioda-
llOII
12t
2512
3463
8787'
Total Attendance
Male Female
20
31
39,751
10,643
•
•
14,653
2,021
*
•
•
•
20,135
10,177
4,915 ^
•
«
*
•
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
54,717
30,312
4.915
2,634
15,300
approx
216,291
132,816
39,702
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF Population
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
23 I 24
1917 426 t 2514
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
Wash-houses
Accommodation
U26
838
413 180
986
290
2340
593
1276
Mangling Ironing
Washers D"E
per ^ OF
1906
1892
1878
idded to
1913
1854
iddedto
1896
1894
1850
1892
1889
1866
iddedto
1909
1880
idded to
1913
' Incl. mixed bathiog, 384.
^ Includes bath hire, lessons,
clubs, £69
'In classes.
* Includes April and Oct.
Baths Committee pay sch.
children's tuition.
^ Also vapour and brine.
^ Includes 6356 brine batb-
users.
^ Includes brine baths, £231.
* Includes rents, £86.
^ Includes soap and cleaning.
' Brine.
' In classes.
* Vapour.
" Nov. to March inclusive.
* Figures for 1914 ; baths
closeo for alteration during
1913.
* Fees for visitors not differ-
entiated from sundries.
"* Includes water.
* Includes £88 undifferenti-
ated. .
' Per dozen tickets.
* Includes April and October.
* Rents of property.
^ In part subscription.
3 100 tickets.
* March to Oct. inclusive.
Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
^ Exceptionally hea\'y.
' Superintendent takes tui-
tion fees.
' Includes soap, etc.
' Includes gift of site and
£1200.
* Excludes charge for soap.
■ Excludes towel-washers.
' Seasons not defined.
' Leased.
' Exclusive of season-ticket
holders and free bathers.
' Exclusive of free bathers.
' Exclusive of site.
* Leased to town, to be de-
molished shortly.
* Open-air bath.
' 24 tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
^ River bath.
* Excludes towel.
'In classes.
* Attendant takes profits
from towels and lessons.
> Managed by swimmingclub.
' Includes towel washing, £2.
' Cost of rebuilding.
* Admission only, Id.
' One open-air.
» Includes items under cols.
12 and 13.
' Includes iron fencing and
tar-paving, £227.
• In classes.
Per dozen tickets.
• Seasons not defined.
' Incl.itemsunderl2andl3.
' In classes.
' Per dozen tickets.
• Seasons not defined.
• Exclusive of site given.
' Includes items under cols.
12 and 13.
' Per dozen tickets.
" Seasons not defined.
130
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
STAFFORDSHIRE.— colli.
M.B. Newc.istle-undcr-
Lyme
Stafford .
BATH FEES
POPULA-
TION
'""" I ITiv.it.
Wcdnesbury '
U.D.C. Leek
SUFFOLK
C.B. Ipswich .
Fore St.
£ £
20,201 ..M 103
23,383 178 333
16,663
73,031
Slokc Bathing
Place ' (Men)
90
WcsUiid Balk-
ing Place .
18
M.B. Bury St. Ed-
munds,^ P.
16,781
31
Sudbury ' .
7,14
18
U.D.C. Stowmarkcl. P. .
Ipswich Rd.^ .
4,231
31
SURREY
C.B. Croydon .
Croydon
169,55
*
84
Spraj
South Norwood
Thomton Heath
Turkish
and
Russian
154
365"
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
ill fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Wash-
house
Pay-
ments
£
636'
876
RENT
FOR
PREMISES
259
162
260
90
18
31
18
33
1495 «
382'
385'
75
127
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
14
Other
Items
14
92'
11'
Total
Receipts
10
2463
1570
131
APPENDIX I
EXPENDITHBE
Deficit
MET BY
Assess-
ment
Total
Income
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Bath Upkeep
MlSCELLA-VEOt'S
Total
EXPENUt-
ture
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
Rates,
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Total
Salaries
and
Wages
Heating
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
Total
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Other
Items
Total
17
IS
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
1411
2060
931
107
154
1192
331
317
136
11
48
843
13
12
25
2060
747
1765
349
79
140
568
545
349
136
114 >
*
1144
29
25 •
54
1765
734
1018
394
87
*
*
262
187"
*
«
*
«
*
•
«
1018'
459
658
96
26
326
448
105
87
, ,
Ifi
208
2
2
658
576
969
..
..
..
969
417
692
154
72
111'
337
113 =
125
94
10 •
•
342
2
11
13
692
2
98
18
7
32
57
32
32
9
9
98
157
179
108
21
7
136
42
••
••
42
1
179
58
89
24
2
17
42
40
••
7
•■
47
••
89
11
30
1
3
10
14
16
••
••
■•
16
30
43
1
2
6
9
19
••
21'
4
4
7
37
2477
4940
4940
1086
2656
891
190
212
1294
575
343
24
65
31
1038
38
286'
324
2656
774
1155
352
53
213
617
264
212
3
40
518
10
9
20
1165
617
1129
444
46
81
671
283
204
7
22
527
11
19
31
1129
ESTAB.
LISH-
MENT
1892
1878
idded to
1913
' Inch mixed bathiog, 384.
2 Includes bath hire, lessons,
clubs, £69
^ In classes.
Includes April and Oct.
Baths Committee pay sch.
children's tuition.
Also vapour and brine.
Includes 6356 brine batb-
users.
' Includes brine baths, £231.
* Includes rents, £86.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
* Brine.
' In classes.
" Vapour.
' Nov. to March inclusive.
' Figures for 1914 ; baths
closeo for alteration during
1913.
* Fees for visitors not difier-
entiated from sundries.
' Includes water,
* Includes £88 undifferenti-
ated. '
* Per dozen tickets.
* Includes April and October.
1854 * Rents of property.
iddedto ^ In part subscription.
1896 3 100 tickets.
* March to Oct. inclusive.
Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
' Exceptionally heavy.
* Superintendent takes tui-
tion fees.
^ Includes soap, etc.
' Includes gift of site and
£1200.
* Excludes charge for soap.
* Excludes towel-washers.
' Seasons not defined.
Leased.
' Exclusive of season-ticket
holders and free bathers.
Exclusive of free bathers.
' Exclusive of site.
* Leased to town, to be de-
molished shortly.
' Open-air bath.
* 24 tickets.
* Seasons not defined.
' River bath.
' Excludes towel.
' In classes.
* .Attendant takes profits
from towels and lessons.
' Managed byswimmingclub.
' Includes towel washing, £2,
' Cost of rebuilding.
* .Admission only, Id.
1850
1892
1894
1866
idded to
1909
1880
idded to
1913
1897
> One open-air.
* Includes items under cols.
12 and 13.
* Includes iron fencing and
tar-paving, £227.
* In classes.
* Per dozen tickets.
* Seasons not defined.
Incl. items under 12 and 13.
In classes.
' Per dozen tickets.
* Seasons not defined.
ICxdusive of site given.
Includes items under cols.
12 and 13.
Per dozen tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
132
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAMt OF PLACE
STAFFORDSHIRE.— coil!.
M.B. Newc.lstle-under-
Lvme
Stafford
POPULA
TION
20,201
23,383
Wednesbur)' '
U.D.C. Leek
SUFFOLK
C.B. Ipswich .
Fore St.
Sloke Bathing
Place ' (Men)
73,93;
Westaui Bath-
ing Place .
M.B. Bury St. Ed-
munds,* P.
16,78.
Stuibury ' .
7,14
U.D.C. Stowmarkel.t. .
Ipswich Rd.^ .
4,23i
SURREY
C.B. Croydon .
Croydon
169,55
South Norwood
Thornton Heath
CAPITAL
Cost
Ratf,
AID
IN
TERMS
OF Id.
'«£
Pekcentages
Scale of
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming Bath
Private
Expendi-
Hath
Fees
Wash-
House
Otiler
Items
Kate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneuus
Male
Female
Children
Male
Female
Salaries
etc.
Oilier
Items
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
16
£
15,574
60
appro t.
30^9
•6
68-5
.wg
16-1
24-9
1-2
315
W.,2d.,4d.,2d.,
ld.,*d.|ld.,id.
Id., F.'
s6d.,
4d., 3d.
s 6d..
4d.,3d,
8,000
20
496
81
423
322
309
339
31
577
6d., 3d.
6d., 3d.
Sd., Id.,
Id.'
J6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
Sd.
6,990
2-15
25-4
••
25
72-1
•
25-7
«
•
279
(4/,l/),'
6d., 2d.,
Id.
w
•■
5 4d.
s4d.
4,578'
1-8
24^6
56
698
68^1
160
157
•3
30-2
(8/) (5/)» (8/) (5/)«
4d.[2d.]4d.[2d.]
Id. Id.
•
s (15/,
10/6),
6d., 2d.
s (15/,
10/6),
6d., 2d.
•
'44
59^4
..
...
40-6
4,300'
•32
376
2^2
60-3
48^7
163
331
1-9
39^7
3d., 2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.
Id.
6d.,2d.»
6d.,2d.'
Un-
known
1
91-8
•■
6^1
2-0
58^2
326
92
980
(5/),
[(3/6)],
2d.. F.
.,
2,220 =
•12
•25
approx.
lO^l
348
2-2
87^7
65<2
760
47-2
235
449
7-9
•6
123
348
(5/),
[(3/6)),
3id. F.
(2/),'
3d., F.'
(5/),
[(3/6)],
3Jd.,F.
(2/).'
3d., F.»
F.
••
::
400
•14
60 0
36-7
46^7
533
600
%'}■
fll'
i^k.
•■
••
300'
••
••
••
'%f-
«5«^"'
3/a)Hd.
32,640
17,843
•63
•28
*
•
SO-1
400
48-7
21 -6
17-4
lia
49-9
591
(15/6),
6d.[3d.]
2d.
(12/6),
6d.[3d.]
3d.
(10/6) .
3d., Id.,
id.'
(4/6),'
6d.,2Jd.
(■i/6),'
6d.,21d.
6,733'
•20
•
•
67-0
53-4
229
220
1-7
301
(15/6),
6d.[4d.]
2d.
(12/6),
6d.[4d.]
3d.
(10/6),
3d., Id.,
Jd.'
(4/6),'
6d. 2}d.
(4/6),'
6d. 2Jd.
8,064
•16
•
•
54-7
50-6
2S'9
207
27
45-3
(16/6),
Sd.[3d.]
2d.
(12/6),
6d.,3d.
•
(4/6),'
6d. 21d.
(4/6),'
6d. 2id.
133
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE Hours per week
(May to September)
Baths "^"^M^^ ^^''■
Baths House
Swimming Private Wash-
Bath Baths House
Chil-
dren
l/,6d.
21. V,
9d.»
Fe-
male
l/,6d.
2/,l/,
9d.r
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
91'
85
Fe-
male
26 *
24'
17
79* 18«
84
62 I 14
91« 25 "I 87 •
91'
65'
'! 87'
20" 80*
Fe-
male
86
93
87 <
84'
(October to April)
Swimming Private Wash-
' Bath Batlis House
Clo
[1)C1
[2)55
sed
osed
26
Clo
78»i ..
sed
Clo
sed
Closed
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
Ha
Ha
sed
sed*
sed
sed
71
81
67
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Total
ill
Suin-
10
Estab-
lish-
ment
1878
added to
1913
1854
added to
1896
1850
1892
1S94
1866
added to
1909
1880
added to
1913
1807
^ loci, mixed bathing, 384.
* Includes bath hire, lessons,
clubs, £69
* In classes.
* Includes April and Oct.
Baths Committee pay sch.
children's tuition.
^ Also vapour and brine.
2 Includes 6356 brine bath-
users.
= Includes brine baths, £231
* Includes rents, £86.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
* Brine.
' In classes.
' Vapour.
■* Nov. to March inclusive.
^ Figures for 1914 ; baths
closeo for alteration during
1913.
2 Fees for visitors not differ-
entiated from sundries.
' Includes water.
* Includes £88 undifferenti-
ated. .
* Per dozen tickets.
* Includes April and October.
* Rents of property.
2 In part subscription.
3 100 tickets.
* March to Oct. inclusive.
Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
* Exceptionally heavy.
* Superintendent takes tui-
tion fees.
3 Includes soap, etc.
* Includes gift of site and
£1200.
* Excludes charge for soap.
' Excludes towel-washers.
' Seasons not defined.
' Leased.
' Exclusive of season-ticket
holders and free bathers.
' Exclusive of free bathers.
' Exclusive of site.
^ Leased to town, to be de-
molished shortly.
" Open-air bath.
' 24 tickets.
* Seasons not defined.
» River bath.
' Excludes towel.
' In classes.
* Attendant takes profits
from towels and lessons.
' Managed by swimming club.
' Includes towel washing, £2.
' Cost of rebuilding.
* .Admission only, Id.
' One open-air.
' Includes items under cols.
12 and 13.
) Includes iron fencing and
t.tr-paving, £227.
* In classes.
» Per dozen tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
* Incl. items under 12 and 13.
= In classes.
' Per dozen tickets.
* Seasons not defined.
* Exclusive of site given.
' Includes items under cols.
12 and 13.
* Per dozen tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
134
EEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWI.MMING BATHS
Slipper and spray Baths
Name of Place
Popula-
tion
Number
Area
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadth
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
' Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
ID
SURREY.— co«(inu«i
M.B. Guildford .
23,820
1
ft.
60
ft.
27
«
*
22,646
3
♦
»
4,274
85
5
Reigate .
28,502
1
75
25
10,318
3,811
14,129
4
4
8
«
*
3,622
45
3
} Richmond
33,221
2
100
90
32
29
54,112
18,778
72,890
18
9
27
19,611 •
5649
25,260 »
956 «
628
Wimbledon
Corporation
Baths
64,966
1
100
40
«
*
69,253
45
36
81
25,485
7,789
35,073 1
666
216
Open Air Bath ^
1
160
SO
•
*
26,132
..
U.D.C. Dorking .
7,848
1
60
28
3,394
808
14,158 '
6
.
*
942
15
7
Wokins ■
24,808
1
104
45
«
*
8,191
SUSSEX
C.B. Brighton S.
131,237
1
24,267
6,495
50,483 '
74
47
121
77,920
37,802
119,921 >
99
1
North Rd. .
1
120
35
24,267
6,495
60,483 ■
32
21
53
•
•
•
•
•
Victoria Baths
25
18
43
«
*
•
•
•
Brunswick
Place
•■
8
2
10
•
*
•
•
•
Cobden Rd. .
••
•■
••
9
6
15
•
«
*
•
•
Brills' Bath P.
1
..
..
..
Eastbourne
Old Town
1
1
•
•
•
•
«
•
•
•
•■
27
15
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
«
•
•
Seaside .
••
12
•
•
«
•
«
MB. tBexMl .
1.'..330
1
120
30
•
•
•
135
APPENDIX I
llKKISH AMI RUSSIAX BAI H5
TOTAL ATTENOANCE
Accom-
moda-
tion
73,723
24,427
102,187
26.920
17,751
98,150
ATTENDANCH PRR 1000
OF POPULATION
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
951 179
504
2194
44,297
104,522
26.132
15,100
8.191
170,404
1260
129
760
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
1130
633
2054
Wash-Houses
Accommodation
330
120
906
1901
1287
Mangling
Ironii^
Estab-
lish-
ment
1889
1906
1881,
1913
1900
dded to
1913
19U
1892
::quired.
dded to
1902
1910
1906
Includes hire of towels, etc.
' Soap and cleaning, etc.
^ Exclusive of site.
Excludes towel.
Education Committee pay
baths for instruction and
provide prizes.
' Includes 2400 football and
hockey players, provided
withbot and cold sprays and
dressing accommodation in
2nd class swimming bath.
- Exclusive of above.
^ For use by players.
* Includes forwashingtowels
£23.
30 tickets.
13 tickets.
' Excludes soap.
^ See note 1.
" 1st class swimming bath
added.
^" See note 1.
Seasons not defined.
Includes 1799 sch. children.
- Electric heat.
^ Seasons not defined.
Figures 1914-15.
^ In classes.
Includes 9956 chiJdren.
^ Includes matting.
" Liabilities on acquisition ;
cost of bldg..£2000 approx.
InclHdesApril.
' Includes cleaning bath, £19.
- Excludes towel.
^ In classes.
Education Committee pay
Id. per child, and provide
tuition.
' Includes 19,721 sch. chil-
dren undifferentiated.
- Includes 4199 undifferenti-
ated.
> Includes 19,721 sch. chil
dren tindiflerentiated.
• Exclusive of rents and loan
charges.
•• Includes items under cols
26, 27 and 30, £214.
Includes rent of shed, £20.
* Includes items under cols.
26. 27 and 30, £53.
' Excludes loan charges.
' Exclusive of site.
' Includes items under cols
26, 27, and 30, £51.
^ Purchase .tnd adaptation.
' Exclusive of loan charges.
' Includes items under cols.
26, 27, and 30, £513.
' Includes cost of land, £425.
' Excludes loan charges.
387 sch. children weekly,
3d. per child.
' Includes furniture.
* Includes water.
' Use of lavatories.
* Includes furniture.
' Includes water.
' "Maintenance and miscel*
laneous."
■ Acquired with larger under-
takings.
" Excludes 9 hrs. for private
schools; seasons undefined.
* In classes.
136
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
Popula-
tion
SU R RE Y. — continued
M.B. Guildford .
Reigate .
} Richmond
Wimbledon
Corporation
Baths
Open Air Bath ^
U.D.C. Dorking .
Woking
SUSSEX
C.B. Brighton S.
North Rd.
Victoria Baths
£
174
23,820
195
28,502
832
33,221
64,966
•
45
•
7,848
62
328
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
24,80t
373
Brunswick
Place
Cobden Rd. .
■■
BriUs'BathP.
Eastbourne
Old Town
Seaside .
MB.
XBeMll .
15.33
160
224
183
224
239
Season
Tickets
not in-
clucitid
in fore-
going
Bath I
Hire by ■ Swim-
Clubs, ming
Galas, Lessons
etc.
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Wash-
House
Pay-
ments
302
1213
Rent
FOR
PREMISES
34
31
1107
224
183
331
239
160
M ISCELLANEOUS
19
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
39
TOTAL
Receipts
9 3
71
20
22
12'
137
APPENDIX I
EXFENDlTUKE
DEFICIT
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Bath Upkeep
Miscellaneous
MP.r BY
TOTAL
TOTAL
ASSHSS-
INCOME
EXPENnl-
MEN T
ti;re
DA IK
ESI AB-
LISH-
RKlIARkS
Rents
and
I.oan
Rates.
■I'axes.
Insur-
Re-
newals
and
Total
Salaries
and
Wages
Heating
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
an>l
Cos-
Soap
ana
Clean-
Total
Printing
and
Station-
Other
Items
Total
ment
Charges
ance
Rep.iirs
tumes
ing
ery
17
£
18
19
20
£
21
£
22
£
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
31
£
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
240
508
127
22
21
170
113
181
11
• a
306
*
*
33'
508
1889
' Includes hire of towels, etc.
140
459
40
27
67
172
108
94
8
382
8
1
9
459
' Soap and cleaning, etc.
' Exclusive of site.
973
2263
166
194
269
629
788
397
387
4
27
1603
31
31
2263
1906
1881,
1913'
' Excludes towel.
Education Committee pay
baths for instruction and
provide prizes.
' Includes 2400 football and
hockey players, provided
withhot andcoldspraysand
dressing accommodation in
2nd class swimming bath.
' Exclusive of above.
' For use by players.
' Includes for washing towels.
£23.
' 30 tickets.
• 13 tickets.
' Excludes soap.
' See note 1.
' 1st class swimming bath
added.
" See note 1.
2529
3961
1505
203
457
2164
788
427
344
43
138
1739
28
29
57
3961
" Seasons not defined.
162
207
139
139
53
11
__
64
2
2
4
207
1900
added to
' Includes 1799 sch. children.
' Electric heat.
5
138
36
6
6
48
62
20
3'
3
88
1
2
3
138
1913
1914
1892
acquired,
' Seasons not defined.
' Figures 1914-15.
' In classes.
' Includes 9956 children.
' Includes matting.
13
50
31
"
■
60'
50
added to
1902
1910
' Liabihties on acqviisition ;
cost of bldg. ,£2000 approx.
* Includes .April.
' Includes cleaning bath, £19.
2022
3917
984
3917
' Excludes towel.
' In classes.
Education Committee pay
Id. per child, and provide
tuition.
' Includes 19,721 sch. chil-
515
1693'
«
71
139
210
717
302
246
•
•
1480'
3
3
1693'
«
dren undifferentiated.
' Includes 4199 undifferenti-
ated.
' Includes 19,721 sch. chil-
dren undifferentiated.
' Exclusive of rents and loan
239
504 •
•
37
41
78
215
129
25
*
*
423'
3
3
504'
•
charges.
' Includes items under cols.
26, 27 and 30, £214.
' Includes rent of shed, £20.
' Includes items under cols.
137
345 •
40
12
30
82
104
86
19
•
«
259'
3
3
345'
•
26. 27 and 30, £53.
• Excludes loan charges.
' Exclusive of site.
' Includes items under cols.
146
391*
•
17
51
69
141
104
20
•
•
318'
3
3
391'
•
26, 27, and 30, £51.
' Purchase and adaptation.
' Exclusive of loan charges.
' Includes items under cols.
26, 27. and 30, £513.
' Includes cost of land. £425.
659
1263
..
..
1263
' Excludes loan charges.
534
887
277
32
64'
373
179
285 •
•
••
30
494
•
•
i9
887
387 sch. children weekly,
3d. per child.
124
£76
72
9
38"
119
110
116'
•
30
256
*
•
1
376
•
' includes furniture.
^ Includes water.
162
5
17
22
35
22
6
•
63
•
•
8'
93
«
19IIC.
* I'se of lavatories.
• Includes furniture.
' Includes water.
' "Maintenance untl miscel-
laneous."
' .Acquired with larger under-
takings.
' Excludes 9 hrs. for private
schools; st.asonsund«&ned.
• In classes.
138
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
SURREY.— confJHuai
M.B. Guildford .
Reigate
J Richmond
POPULA-
TION
Capitai-
COST
23,820
28,502
33,221
Wimbledon
Corporation
Baths
Open A ir Bath '
U.D.C. Dorking .
Woking
SUSSEX
C.B. Brighton S.
£
2,800'
Gift
54,966 '
24,80f
131,23:
North Rd. .
Victoria Baths
Brunswick
Place
Cobden Rd. .
BriUs' Bath P.
Eastbourne
Old Town
Seaside .
MB. XBexhill .
IS ,33
24,909
2,000
400
688
24,025
14,500
RATE
AID
IN
TERMS
OF 1<1.
IN £
■3
approx.
•17
•78
1,100
2,725
Percentages
Bath I Wash-
Fees House
65 ^8
536
21^7
62-0
37^3
63-6
Other
Items
Expenditure
Charge
for
Premises
Rate
Aid
472
30-5
430
78'3
36
260
51-6
335
14^f
27-i
671
34-8
• • •
62-2
60-2
330
Upkeep
42-1
81-6
Salaries, Other
etc. Items
222 380'
37^5 45-8
348 I 860
256
44-9
62-0
240
5-3
18-8
380
Miscel-
laneous
20
1-4
14
19
22
202 856
293 388
376
Expendi-
2^1
•3
52-8
69^5
570
6d., 4d.
2d., Id.'
6d., 3d,
(10/),'
6d., 2d,
362
21-7
971
760
48^4
47^8
39-7
6d.,4d., Jd. :9d.,6d.
2d.,ld.< 4d.
6d., 3d. Id. s 6d.,
4d.
(10/),' (2/6),' s(10/),'
6d.,2d. Sd., Id. 6d.2d.'
6d., 2d.
Id.
3d., 2d
3d., 2d
Female ' Children
Male Female
6d., 2d.
Id.
9d., 6d.
4d.
s6d.
4d.,
s (10/),'
6d.2d.'
Id. lid., id."
3d., 2d. l}d..
Id. ;
Id.'
3d., 2d
(5/)6d.
(5/)6d.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
3d.
Id.'
id.'
Id., Id,
(S/6)
3d.,F.'
6id.,
2id.
2id.
6id.,
2id.
41d.,
2id.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
3d.
6id.,
2id.
61d.,
2id.
aid..
21d.
4id.,
2}d.
139
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
(May to September)
Turkish
Batlis
Wash-
Hoiise
Swimming
Bath
Chi I-
dren
Fe-
male
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
s3d.,
Id.
1/6
1/6
60
70
47-
72
34'
Fe-
male
Private
Baths
Fe-
male
60
91 75
80 80
18
12
Wash
House
(October to April)
Swimming
Bath
(1) B
mint
(2) CI
Fe-
male
ad-
on"
osed"
80
80
Ha
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
sed
sed
Private
Batlis
Fe-
male
sed [ 77
sed
Wash-
House
Whole Time
76
Fe-
male
Part Time
or Juniors
* * «
Fe-
male
Total
Sum-
Total
m
Win.
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1881,
1913"
1900
added to
1913
1914
1892
acquired
added to
1902
1910
il Includes hire of towels, etc.
- Soap and cleaning, etc.
' Exclusive of site.
' Excludes towel.
Education Committee pay
baths for instruction and
provide prizes.
' Includes 2400 football and
hockey players, provided
withhot andcoldspraysand
dressing accommodation in
2nd class swimming bath.
- Exclusive of above.
^ For use by players.
* Includes for washing towels
£23.
* 30 tickets.
" 13 tickets.
' Excludes soap.
' See note 1.
* 1st class swimming bath
added.
"• See note 1.
" Seasons not defined.
' Includes 1799 sch. children.
- Electric heat.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Figures 1914-I.t.
- In classes.
' Includes 9950 children.
- Includes matting.
•■* Liabilities on acquisition ;
cost of bldg.,£2000 approx.
Includes -April.
Includes cleaning bath, £19.
- Excludes towel.
' In classes.
Education Committee pay
Id. per child, and provide
tuition.
' Includes 19.721 sch. chil-
dren undifferentiated.
* Includes 4199 undifferenti-
ated.
^ includes 19,721 sch. chil-
dren undifferentiated.
' Exclusive of rents and loan
charges.
•■ Includes items under cols.
26, 27 and 30, £214.
' Includes rent of shed, £20.
^ Includes items under cols.
2«, 27 and 30, £53.
^ Excludes loan charges.
' Exclusive of site.
' Includes items under cols.
26, 27, and 30, £51.
' Purchase and adaptation.
' Exclusive of loan charges.
* Includes items imder cols.
26, 27. and 30, £513.
* Includes cost of land, £425.
' Excludes loan charges.
387 sch. children weekly,
3d. per child.
' Includes furniture.
^ Includes water.
* Use of lavatories.
- Includes furniture.
' Includes water.
' Maintenance and miscel-
laneous."
= .\cquired with larger under-
takings.
* Excludes 0 hrs. for private
schools; seasons undefined.
[n classes.
140
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING
BATHS
SLIPPER AND
Spray Baths
NAME OF PLACE
POPULA-
Number
Area
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Balli or Spray
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadth
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
IS
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
SUSSEX— continued
ft.
ft.
M.B. Hove .
42,173
8
8
16
7.482
5,264
12,746
935
658
Worthing .
30,305
1
's'
100
60
75
33
31
40
•
*
li,'"60 =
10
«
•
7,689 »
76
9>
U.D.C. tEasI Grinslead
7,089
1
80
35
*
*
5,660
■
WARWICKSHIRE
C.B. Birmingham S. t .
840,202
_
23
708,496'
164,661'
882,335
348
142
490
302,996
141,923
444,919
871
999
Kent St.
2
86
88
37
37
74,530
28,896
103,426
54
16
70
34,248
15,427
49,675
634
964
Woodcock St.
2
90
78
30
35
49,811
9,969
59,780
43
13
56
23,609
6,547
30,156
549
604
NorthwoodSt.
2
62
68
31
32
61,683
9,573
71.156
39.
12
51
24,240
11,186
35,426
622
932
Monument Rd.
2
«1
68
33
33
78,685
16,234
94,919
34
11
45
38,461
14,264
62,725
1131
1297
Victoria Rd.,
Aston
2
78
60
39
32
76,286
23,518
99,804
17
7
24
20,060
6,949
27,009
1180
993
Green Lane .
2
81
81
33
33
69,978
13,865
83,843
34
10
44
28,555
9,634
38,189
840
963
Tiverton Rd.,
Selly Oak .
2
75
45
30
24
19,217
7,645
26,862
18
8
26
8,750
2,028
10,778
486
263
Grove Lane
Handsworth
2
100
100
35
35
60,179
18,594
78,773
15
8
23
13,155
49,84
18,139
877
623
Moseley Rd. .
2
81
71
32
33
75,949
20,550
96,499
32
14
46
32,625
14,961
47,586
1020
1069
Nechells Baths
1
83
35
34,804
8,798
43,602
19
10
29
20,153
9,307
29,460
1061
931
Boumville
Lane .
1
75
30
24,474
7,019
31,493
13
6
19
8,474
4,126
12,600
652
688
Cannon Hill
Park .
1
206
80
50,000
■•
50,000
Victoria Park
1
141
74
33,000
33,000
,,
..
..
Brookvale Park
1
75
36
•
•
9,178
..
Coventry St.
••
••
6
5
11
11,040
7,453
18,493
1840
1491
Bacchus Rd. .
15
13
28
22,437
18,107
40,644
1496
1393
Brearley St. .
9
9
18
17,189
16,950
34,139
1910
1883
Saltley .
Lower Dart-
mouth St. .
..
High St.,
Quinton
.,
King's Heath
Boumville P.
Smmming
Bath
1
80
45
•
♦
*
1
47'
^ _ 1
. .
Open-air
Bath P.> .
••
1
100
50
■• 1 ■•
141
APPENDIX I
ti:kkish and Russian baths
Total Attendance
A ITENDANCE PER 1000
OF POPULATION
Wash-houses
Accom-
moda-
tion
Bathers
Swim-
iniii^
Bath
Private
Baths
Total
itlclutling
Turkish
and
Russian
Accoinniodation
Washers
Washers
s'tlii
Male
Female
Total
.Male
Female
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
n
18
19
20
21
5264
•
22
12,746
*
23
24
26
26
27
28
29
30
7482
•
*
302
302
*
••
•
*
5,660
798
798
40
13,639
3141
16,780
1,025,131'
309,725'
1,344,034
1050
530
1600
13t
5.913
1236
7,149
114,691
73,420
85,823
45,559
16,516
20,759
160,250
89,936
106,582
••
■•
lUT
3,594
949
4,543
120,740
96,346
98,533
27,967
31,447
30,467
23,499
9,673
152,187
126,813
122,032
37,640
..
10
T and R
3.952
948
4.900'
77,286
108,574
54,957
24,526
35,511
18,105
101,812
144,085
73,062
..
IR
180
8
188
33,128
50,000
33,000
•
11,040
22,437
17,189
11,153
•
7.453
18,107
16,950
44,281
50,000
33,000
9,178
18,493
40,544
34,139
1,500
wkly av.
• •
••
••
'■
100
daily av.
..
Dath
ESTAL-
RI-MARKS
LfSti-
mi-:nt
1 8W
' Excludes soap.
1907
* One for sch. children.
- Exclusive of 228 season
and book-ticket holders,
admissions not recorded.
' Exclusive ot ozone bathers,
27 ; book-ticket holders, 9.
* Ozone baths.
^ Includes use of tennis
courts, £71 ; sale of sea-
water, £24.
* In classes.
■ Closed Xmas to Easter.
1011
^ Excludes towel.
- Includes April.
t By Birmingham (Exten-
sion) Order, 1911.
Sch. children free in classes.
* Excl. of bathers at Brook-
vale Park, incl. under total.
' Includes rents from pro-
perties. £122 ; superannu-
ation contributions, £42,
not allocated below.
^ Includes central adminis-
tration ; salaries £1831 ;
repairs to properties, £127;
insurance, £92 ; miscel-
laneous, £859.
* Excl. of sites for new baths.
' Includes April and OctobL-r.
1851
' Incl. repainting building.
ided to
- Old portion only.
1914'
' Women's swimming and
private baths.
1860
•-
1802
' Lent for Social Institutes.
1883
' Lent for Social Institutes.
1892
1 Site given.
1902
> Lent for Social Institutes.
t
1900
• Incl. repainting building.
= Spray, children only.
1907
> Turkish, 4180; Russian,
720.
' Lent for Social Institutes.
1907
1910
» Lent for Social Institutes.
1911
1 Includes " miscellaneous."
- Exclusive of site.
isrs-v
Under management of the
Parks Department.
> Included under col. 20.
1,S83 •
- ICxcludes 'lowel, and dres-?-
ing-box.
1910
' Excludes children's instruc-
,
tors.
1908
' Men's baths, 12 ; womcnV.
lilcd to
(■'■
1914'
1912
,,
1912
••
•■ -
In process of constructioTi
•
* Sprays fitted for menV
wv.ik-rooms, largely used.
» Includes 45 sprays.
> Men only.
2 a
142
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAME OF PLACE
SUSSEX— <;on(in«r<i
M.B. Hove .
Worthing .
U.D.C. {Ens/ Grinslcad
WARWICKSHIRE
C.B. BiiTOingham S. t •
Kent St.
Woodcock St.
Northwood St.
Monument Rd.
Victoria Rd.,
Aston
Green Lane .
Tiverton Rd.,
Sclly Oak .
Grove Lane
Handsworth
Moseley Rd. .
Nechells Baths
BoumviUe
Lane .
Cannon Hill
Park .
Victoria Park
lirookvale Park
Coventry St.
Bacchtjs Rd. .
Brearley St. .
Saltley .
Lower Dart-
mouth St. .
High St.,
Quinton .
King's Heath
BoumviUe P.
Swimming
Bath
Open-air
Bath P.' .
Bath fees
POPULA-
TION
Swiin-
intng
7,089 18
840,202 • •
83
604
595
207
120
26
26
49
2
£ £
42,173 ■• 104
30,305 281 156
I
577
360 329
327 386
421 669
638 280
498 I 421
77
195
517
245
129
171
142
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
£
is*
362
Season
Tickets
not in-
eluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
30
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
40
£
104
518
18
690
713
1320
927
919
165
1042
1116
453
254
26
25
49
77
171
142
Wash
House
Pay-
ments
Rent
FOR
PRE.\tl5ES
78
40
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
£ I £
.. I 3
20 , S
61
27
21
27
38
30
35
38
23
17
Soap
13
£
4
1
53
37
37
40
20
48
15
42
39
13
17
16
Other
Items
£
103 '
6
2
20
26
3
17
6
1
£
7
112
Total
Receipts
143
APPENDIX I
DEFICIT
MET BY
ASSESS-
MENT
252
450
30
25,812
Total
INCOME
£
364
1,100
48
37,047
2,229 4,249
1,742
1,077
1,654
1,279
2,533
2,502
1,850
3,061
2,291
3,533
2,066 2,410
2,250
2,744
2,230
1,449
189
125
222
292
308
377
48
3,399
3,946
2,746
1,777
EXPENDITURE
Charges for premises
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
£
119
372
949
879
254
861
651
1838
9U8
1541
2031
1503
707
Rates.
Taxes,
£
15
32
190
200
298
126
254
147
274
219
124
Zl:>
150
271
191
388
490
150
535
160
61
140
77
14
••
40
27
Re.
newals
and
Repairs
£
54
61
52
35
135
122
40
180
182
42
86
50
25
25
26
5
48
£
188
465
1747
1121
488
1294
898
2132
1249
1868
2487
1764
917
50
25
216
43
195
235
Salaries
and
Wages
£
72
349
40
813
829
1086
838
841
950
807
543
497
60
60
50
141
128
132
Bath Upkeep
Heating
and
Lighting
£
67
226
824
445
378
614
451
438
496
405
331
210
75
70
68
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
£
16
58
16
64
45
105
17
100
44
99
100
60
62
73
68
So.ip
and
Clean-
ing
3
10
11
27
2
10
3
3
3
5
5
47
12
12
£
18
28
34
52
41
38
37
16
37
40
19
17
16
20
£
174
611
40
2416
1352
1286
1716
1354
1364
1115
1509
1414
940
826
165
125
55
339
299
295
Miscellaneous
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Other
Items
£
2
25
86
29
76
51
38
37
52
22
44
Total
EXFENDI.
TURE
3S
£
364
1,100
HSTAtt-
Lt^H-
Ml-NT
1804
1907
37,047 »
4,249
2,291
3,533
2,416
3,399
3,946
2,746
1.777
215
150
271
388
496
535
61
77
14
1851
dded to
1914
1883
1892
1902
1900
* Excludes soap.
' One for sch. children.
- Exclusive of 228 season
and book- ticket holders,
admissions not recorded.
^ Exclusive ot ozone bathers,
27 ; book-ticket holders, 9.
* Ozone baths.
^ Includes use of tennis
courts, £71 ; sale of sea-
water, £24.
* In classes.
■ Closed Xmas to Easter.
' Excludes towel.
- Includes April.
t By Birmingham (Exten-
sion) Order, 1911.
Sch. children free in classes.
^ Excl. of bathers at Brook-
vale Park, incl. under total.
- Includes rents from pro-
perties. £122 ; superannu-
ation contributions, £42,
not allocated below.
^ Includes central adminis-
tration ; salaries £1851 ;
repairs to properties, £1 27 ;
insurance, £92 ; miscel-
laneous, £859.
* Excl. of sites for new ball-.s.
* Includes April and OctobL-r.
' Incl. repainting bnildhig
- Old portion only.
' Women's swimming and
private baths.
Lent for Social Institutes.
Lent for Social Institutes.
* Site given.
1 Lent for Social Institutes.
* Incl. repainting building.
- Spray, children only.
> Turkish, 4180 ; Russian,
720.
1 Lent for Social Institutes.
> Lent for Social Institutes.
> Includes "miscellaneous."
- Exclusive of site.
Under management of the
Parks Department.
' Included under col. 20.
' Ivxcludes 'towel, and dre^--
ing-box.
' Excludes children's instnii-
tors.
' Mei\'s baths, 12 ; women'>.
In process of construction.
* Spr.iys fitted for men'-
w<>rk-rootns, largely U5e<i
* Includes 45 sprays.
* Mt^n only.
144
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
SUSSEX— continued
M.B. Hove .
Worthing ,
U.D.C. tEasI Grinslcad
W.-VRWICKSHIRE
C,B. Birmingham S.t •
POPULA
TION
42,173
30,305
7,089
840.20;
Kent St.
Woodcock St.
NorthwoodSt.
Monument Rd.
Victoria Rd.,
Aston
Green Lane .
Tiverton Rd.,
SellyOak .
Grove Lane
Handsworth
Moseley Rd. ,
Nechells Baths
Boumville
Lane .
Cannon Hill
Park .
Victoria Park
Brookvale Park
Coventry St.
Bacchus Rd. ,
Brearley St. .
Saltley .
Lower Dart-
mouth St. .
High St.,
Quinton ,
King's Heath
Boumville P.
Swimming
Bath
■ ■ 1
open-air
Bath P.» .
••
CAPITAL
COST
KATE
Am
IN
Terms
OF Id.
IN jC
PERCENTAGES
SCALE OF
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming Bath
Private
Expendi-
ture
Balh
Fees
Wash-
House
Otlicr
Items
Kate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel.
laneous
Male
Female
Chil-
dren
Male
Female
Salaries,
etc.
Other
Items
1
2
3
4
B
6
7
8
9
XO
11
12
13
It
16
le
£
2,100
7,000
•IS
■01
28-6
47^1
19
12^0
69^2
40^9
516
423
19^8
31^7
28^0
23^8
•5
23
30^8
59^1
(21/),
6d.. 3d
(21/),
6d., 3d.
3d.', id.,
F."
2d.'
5 9d.,
2d.
2d.'
s9d.,
2d.
360
•2
375
625
167
83^3
37-6
Id.'
Id.'
Jd.'
J
260,979'
1-7
••
69-7
303
i
23,991'
•14
441
34
525
411
339
229
20
475
4d. 3d.
2d. Id.;
4d.[3d.]
2d. [Id.
id., F.
5d.,3d.
i
6d.. 3d.
23,339
12,283
27,338
•12
■07
•10
27^6
38^5
43^1
2-8
32
2-9
696
58^2
540
44^8
264
423
32-5
448
335
21^5
24-7
20^6
1^2
41
17
30^3
41^8
460
4d. 3d.
2d. Id.
4d. 3d.
2d. Id.)
4d. 3d.)
2d. [Id.]
4d. 3d.
2d. Id.
4d. 3d.
2d Id.
4d. 3d.
2d. Id.
Jd., F.
id., F.
Jd.,F.
6d., 3d.
5d., 3d.
9d.,5d.,
3d.
5d.,3d.
5d., 3d.
5d., 3d.
17,171'
32,293
•08
•10
40^5
260
3-7
23
55-8
717
39^2
603
36^6
23^8
22^5
14^8
1^7
1^0
441
28^3
4d. [3d.]
2d. Id.)
4d. [3d.)
2d. [Id.]
4d. [3d.]
2d. [Id.
4d.[3d.
2d. [Id.]
id.,F.
id.,F.
6d.,3d.
6d., 3d.
5d.,3d.
5d.,3d.
14,997
•13
6-8
?•?
85^5
51^7
28^1
18^0
2^2
14^5
4d. 3d.]
2d. Id.]
4d.[3d.
2d. [Id.]
id., F.
5d..3d.
5d., 3d.
24,518
36,299
23,091
10,932=
2,500
•14
•17
•14
■09
•01
30^7
28-3
16-5
14^3
121
31
22
23
4-2
662
695
81-2
81 ^5
87-9
550
630
64^2
51^6
23-3
279
22^0
198
28^0
279
16^4
139
145
18^5
*
•6
11
15
19
«
33^8
305
18^8
185
12^1
4d. [3d.]
2d.
4d. 3d.)
2d. [Id.]
4d.[3d.)
2d. [Id.)
4d.[3d.]
2d. [Id.]
(3')«2d.»
Id.'F.
4d.[3d.]
2d.
4d. [3d.)
2d. [Id.
4d. ^3d.
2d. Id.
4d. 3d.)
2d. Id.]
••
ld.,F.
Jd., F.
id., F.
Jd.,F.
(3/)'2d.'
Id.'F.
5d.,3d.
5d.,3d.
3d.
5d., 3d.
6d., gd.
5d., 3d.
3d.
5d., 3d.
2,000
3,015
2,161
■01
■01
•02
167
18^1
19-8
46
833
81-9
76-3
16^7
79-7
11-1
400
IB^5
36-3
*
•
610
*
•
1^5
167
18^1
245
(3/)'2d.>
Id.'F.
{S/)'2d.'
Id."
(3/) •2d.'
Id."
(3/)'2d.'
Id.'F.
(3/) '2d.'
Id.'
IJd.
Ud.
2,693
2,358
•02
•02
346
265
34
30
62^1
70^5
39-3
439
25 8
247
34-5
305
•4
■9
37-9
29^5
••
lid.
lid.
lid.
lid.
•
*
••
145
APPENDIX I
CHARGKS
AVERAGE Hours per week
STAFF
Swill
(May
to September)
(October to April)
Briths
Turkish
Wasli-
Tiling
Private
(Wash-
Swimming
Private
Wash.
Part Time
Total
Total
Baths
Housc
B
itli
Baths
1 House
Bath
Baths
House
or Juniors
in
Sum-
mer
Will,
ter
DA1I--
OF
ESTAIJ.
RF.MARKs
LISH-
MHNT
I'er
Children
M.ile
Fe.
male
First
Hour
Siibse-
qUL-iit
Hour
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
26
27
2S
29
30
31
32
33
1
34
36
36
37
•7
1894
1
' Excludes soap.
60
60
60
00
1
■.i/(i '
2/0'
87
87
87
87
8V'
87'
87
87
4
3
7
c.
1907
' One for sch. children.
- Exclusive of 228 season
and book-ticket holders,
admissions not recorded.
' Exclusive oi ozone bathers, f
27 ; book-ticket holders, 9.
* Ozone baths.
■' Includes use of tennis
courts, £71 ; sale of sea-
water, £24.
" In classes.
' Closed Xmas to Easter.
40'
23'
Clo
sed
1
1
1911
' Excludes towel.
- Includes April.
*a
*5
t By Birmingham (Exten-
sion) Order, 1911.
Sch. children free in classes.
' Excl. of bathers at Brook-
vale Park, inci. under total.
- Includes rents from pro-
perties. £122 ; superannu-
ation contributions, £42,
not allocated below.
^ Includes central adminis-
tration ; salaries £1851;
repaii-s to properties, £127;
insurance, £92 ; miscel-
laneous, £859.
* Excl. of sites for new baths.
•' Includes .^pril and October.
5d , 3d.
U
1/
S9
11
89
89
Op
Clo
en
sed
7r>
7-'>
12
9
"
23
*
1851
added to
1914»
' Incl. repainting building.
- Old portion only.
^ Women's swimming and
private baths.
5d., 3d.
89
10
89
89
Ha
Clo
I!
sed
75
75
11
7
1
19
«
1800
••
5d.,3d.
84
10
89
89
Clo
Social
sed
Club»
75
75
10
3
13
«
1862
• Lent for Social Institutes.
5d.,3d.
1/
1/
89
19
89
89
Clo
Social
sed
Club'
75
75
12
4
2
18
*
1883
' Lent for Social Institutes.
5d., 3d.
89
19
89
89
Clo
Gymn
sed
isiutn
75
75
9
4
13
*
1892
* Site given.
od., 3d.
■•
89
10
89
89
Clo
Social
sed
Club'
75
75
10
2
1
13
*
1902
' Lent for Social Institutes.
5d.,3d.,
89
18
89
89
Clo
sed
75
75
0
3
1
10
*
1900
' Incl. repainting building.
Jd."
Ha
11
' Spray, children only.
5d., 3d.
1/
1/
89
19
89
89
Ha
Op
1!
ell
75
75
12
4
2
18
*
1907
• Turkish, 4180 ; Russian,
720.
5d.,3d.
89
19
89
89
Clo
Social
bcd
Club'
76
75
10
3
13
«
1907
' Lent for Social Institutes.
3d.
78
13
89
89
Social
Club'
75
-.-)
6
3
9
*
1910
> Lent for Social Institutes.
5d., 3d.
6d.
Od.
77
94
94
50
11
37
89
89
Ha
Closed
Closed
Clo
11
sed
75
75
4
2
•2
3
1
8
•2
*
1911
18-3\
1883 ■
1910
> Includes "miscellaneous."
' Exclusive of site.
Under management of the
Parks Department.
' Included under col. 26.
- ICxcludes 'towel, and dres>-
ing-box.
' Excludes children's instrui-
lors.
lid.
89
89
75
'■'
1
1
1
1
4
4
1908
added to
1911'
> Men's baths, 12 ; womcnV,
f'>.
Ud.
89
89
75
i:)
1
1
1
1
4
4
1912
.,
Ud.
89
89
•■
75
75
1
1
1
1
4
4
1912
•
In process of construction.
' Sprays fitted for men V
work-rooms, largely usetl
■ Includes 4.) sprays.
1 ••
.. 1 ..
••
••
- «
* Men only.
•J.B
•
146
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Swimming
Baths
Slipper and Spkav Baths
NAME OF Place
POPULA-
TION
Number
.■\rc.l
Bathers
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Females
only
Total
Length
Breadth
Male
I- cm ale
Total
.M.ilc
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
l-cmale
1
2
3
3
3
i
e
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
WARWICKSHIRE.— C0B^
C.B. Coventry .
Central Baths
U)6,M9
1
1
ft.
90
90
60
ft.
35
35
35
75,912
75.912
23.283
23,283
99,195
99,195
69
43
19
10
88
53
57,454
42,976
17,855
12,955
75,309
55,931
833
999
940
1295
Primrose Hill
26
9
35
14,478
4,900
19,378
557
544
M.B. Learaington
Pump'rooin
Baths
26,713
3
2
■•
110
70
40
30
12.393
9,079
5,297
5,297
17,690
14.376
26'
26"
«
*
•
7,984"
7,984 »
I'ictoriaPark .
1
120
40
3,314
3.314
Xunealon .
37,073
2
81 di
81 di
ameter
ameter
9,S25
1,0 J H
10,87;t '
12
10,827
1,404
12,231
101
9
Wam^k ,
11.858
1
210
45
*
*
*
••
U.D.C. Keniiworlh
J.77G
1
120
40
•
*
4,000 '
WESTMORELAND
M.B. Kendal .
14.033
1
60
30
•
«
8,820"
5
«
«
3,565
71
3
U.D.C. AmbksiJe'
2,553
1 1
•
•
•
•
1,229
WILTSHIRE
M.B. Ccdne
3,538
60
20
6,000
approx.
6,000
approx.
"
Devises ' .
li,739
1 1
•
•
«
*
*
'■■
Salisbury .
Swindon (G.W.R.
Medical Fund
Society) P .
21,217
50.751
2
81
111
60
30
30
24
•
•
•
•
.38,364
59
•
•
23,180
39
S
U.D.C. Trowbridge
11,815
1>
•
•
Warminster *
5,492
1
155'
24>
2,000
approx.
2,000
approx.
WORCESTERSHIRE
C.B. Dudley .
51,070
2
52
52
30
30
•
•
34,433
12
4
16
•
•
4,072
25
4
Worcester .
47,!«2
1
21
70
60
23
20
•
•
100,0011
estimated
147
APPENDIX I
I TURKISH AND RUSSIAN liATHS
Accom.
niod.1-
tion
Total attendance
1087
16S7
attendance per 1000
OF population
133,306
118,888
14,478
41,138
30,238
4,900
1403
3,314
20,652
6,000
approx.
2,000
approx.
2,452
174,504
155,126
Swimming Private
Bath Batlib
933
708
19,378
27,361
062
24,047
3,314
23,104
*
«
*
4,000 '
*
12,385 ■
«
1,229
481
6,000
approx.
*
*
•
*
*
68,539
756
*
«
2,000
approx.
•
38,505
074
100,000
estimated
•
299
Total
including
Turlcish
and
Russian
wash-Houses
Accommodation
1024
330
457
481
1350
764
Maiii^lino-
20
Washers
per Stall
Date
OF
HSTAB-
Krmark-^
LISH.
MENT
1893
' Includes towels and cos-
idded to
tames.
1913
' HaU, £174 ; cloakroom,
£25 ; chairs, £48.
'Stores " undifEerentiated."
* 25 from each school.
* Seasons not defined.
♦
1 " Stores."
1814
^ Includes 16 baths for medi-
cal treatment, fees 2/ to 5/.
= Includes 2544 for medical
treatment.
= Includes income from medi-
cal treatment, etc.
* Includes £1193 undiffer-
entiated.
^ Excludes towels.
^ Instructor.
1890
1 Finance 1915 1916.
* Excludes towel.
^ Seasons not defined.
1904
' Excludes sch. children.
dded to
- In classes.
1912
' Seasons not defined.
1871
' Excludes towel.
- Attendant take profits for
towels, etc.
1896
' Excludes sch. childreD.
^ In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
1864"
' Exclusive of 261 season-
dded to
ticket holders, admissions
1884'
unrecorded.
- Includes tiling swimming
bath, £90, excluded from
percentages.
^ Available 3 times per week.
* For 4 under 8 years.
" Seasons not defined.
« Wash-house.
' Swimming bath.
1909
• On shores of lake Winder-
* Excludes towel. [mere.
189(i
' Excludes towel.
2 In classes.
' Seasons not defined.
•
' On bank of canal.
- Excludes towel.
*
» Rent from lessee.
» I-:xcludes 8 hrs. a week for
schoolchildren.
1897
F.ducation Committee pro-
vide 2 instructors.
» Includes washing for other
departments. £160.
' Connected with G.W.R.
Medical Fund ; total ex-
penditure not shown.
• For private and Turkish
baths.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
- Includes laying floors, etc.,
£36.
• On medical advice.
1881
' River bath.
1000
' River bath.
* Excludes towel.
' June to August only.
1880
' Includes .Xpril and October.
' Excludes 10 hours a week
for girls.
Un-
' Barges moored on river.
known
' .\ttcndant takes profits for
towels, etc.
' Seasons not defined.
2b'
14S
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
WARWICKSHIRE.— conf.
C.B. Coventry .
Central Baths
Primrose Hill
Leamington
Pump-room
Baths
Vicloiia Park .
Xuneatou .
Warwick ,
U.D.C. Kenilworih
WESTMORELAND
M.B. Kemlal .
U.D.C. Ambleside^
WILTSHIRE
M.B. Calne
Devizes ' .
Salisbury .
Swindon (G.W.R.
Medical Fund
Society) P .
U.D.C. Trowbridge
Warmitulcr *
•VORCESTERSHIRE
C.B. Dudley .
Worcester .
DtCOUE
Bath Fees
Wash-
HOL-SE
PAY.
Rent
FOR
Premises
MISCELLANEOUS
TOTAL
RECEIPTS
POPUL^
TION
Swim-
ming
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
.Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
BOing
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
Scliool
Children
Total
Towels
.-ind
Cos.
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Total
6
6
£
7
£
£
11
16
106,34
£
•
£
•
£
£
£
£
1949 '
£
£
247 •
£
V
£
V
£
£
*
£
2436
2196
*
»
«
•
»
*
240
26,71
265
4
395
151
••
810
4
5
728 »
733
1543
4'
37,07-
55
153
• I
208
208
11,85
2
2
/•«
2
5,77
•
..
..
.,
*
,.
•
14,03
106
51
157
121
10
4
4
292
2,56
6
5
5
3,53
4
2
6
6
6,73
21,21
20
20
-'
20
12"
50,76
279
387
204
870
166
198'
193
1230
11,81
5,4S
18
2
"
18
2
18
2
51 ,o;
200
78
279
2
2
281
47,!lt
34
••
10
44
• 1
••
44
149
APPENDIX I
DEFICIT
MET BY
ASSESS-
MENT
£
1226
949
277
1737
TOTAL
Income
£
3663
3145
67 > 71 '
127 335
47 I 49
17
307
600
30
13
20
40
35
19
40
52
126 , 1350
34 I 62
3 i 5
279 0(iO
64 ' 108
EXIENSinrKE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
19
£
1030
48
21
13 =
Rates.
Taxes,
Insur-
ance
£
282
10
168
74
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
£
1^
16
6
152 =
15
06
23
48
34
£
1452
57
18
7
«
224
45
247
135
34
Bath Upkeep
Salaries
and
Wages
£
926
1083
14
220
35
723
237
70
Heatint;
and
Liglitiiig
£
546
218
94
48
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
84'
28
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
£ £
155" 1627
246
14
297
35
«
372
24
26
413
70
M ISCELLANEOUS
Printing'
and
Station-
ery
£
56
Other
Items
£
9
20
6
99'
TOTAL
EXPIiNDl*
TURK
32
£
3683 1893
314p abided to
1913
Date
OF
HSTAB.
LISH-
MENT
3280*
71 1
335
49
35
44)
52
1356 =
1904
added to
1912
1871
1896
1864"
added to
1884'
52
Un-
108 known
^ Includes towels and cos-
tumes.
= Hall, £174 ; cloak-room,
£25 ; chairs, £48.
* Stores "undifferentiated."
* 25 from each school.
^ Seasons not defined.
' " Stores."
Includes 16 baths for medi-
cal treatment, fees 2/ to 5/.
Includes 2544 for medical
treatment.
^ Includes income from medi-
cal treatment, etc.
* Includes £1193 undiffer-
entiated.
" Excludes towels.
* Instructor.
1 Finance 1915 1916.
^ Excludes towel.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Excludes sch. children.
- In classes.
' Seasons not defined.
Excludes towel.
Attendant take profits for
towels, etc.
Excludes sch. children.
^ In classes.
' Seasons not defined.
Exclusive of 261 season-
ticket holders, admissions
unrecorded.
Includes tiling swimming
bath, £90, excluded from
percentages.
^ Available 3 times per week.
* For 4 under 8 years.
'• Seasons not defined.
* Wash-house.
' Swimming bath.
* On shores of lake Winder-
' Excludes towel. [mere.
' Excludes towel.
2 In classes.
* Seasons not defined.
> On bank of canal.
- Excludes towel.
' Rent from lessee.
- Excludes 8 hrs. a week for
school children.
Education Committee pro-
vide 2 instructors.
1 Includes washing for other
departments, £160.
» Connected with G.W.R.
Medical Fund ; total ex-
penditure not shown.
* For private and Turkish
baths.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
' Includes laying floors, etc.,
£36.
* On medical advice.
' River bath.
* River bath.
' Excludes towel.
* June to August only.
' Includes .\pril and October.
' Excludes 10 hours a week
for girls.
' Barges moored on river.
- Attendant takes profits for
towels, etc.
* Seasons not defined.
Name of Place
WARWICKSHIRE,— co«(.
C.B, Coventry .
Central Baths
Primrose Hill
Leamington
Pump-room
Baths
U,D,C. AmbltsMc '
WILTSHIRE
M.B. Calne
160
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Victoria P.irk .
Xunealou .
Warwick .
U.D.C. Kenilworth
WESTMORELAND
M.B. Kendal .
Devizes ' .
Salisbury .
Swindon (G.W.R.
Medical Fund
Society) P .
CAPITAL
COST
Rate
Aiu
IN
Terms
OF Id.
POPUL^
■riON
1
106,34
£
30,505
27,514
»
»
26,71
2,991
27,730
«
«
26,730
2-4G
1,000
37,07- ^
•1
approx.
•25
11,85
•
*
5,77
400
•15
14,03
4,931
1-25
•2,55
69
■91
3.53
301
*
6,73
Un-
•21 21 known
•
■25
approx
■09
50,76
24,000
approx.
U.D.C. Trowbridge
Warminster '
WORCESTERSHIRE
CIS. Dudley .
Worcester .
11,81
5. 49
5i,n;
10,354
47,9f
PERCENTAGES
Hath . Wash-
Fees I House
5-6
62-1
4-1
14-3
3V8
•25
approx.
[■0
■08
Other
Items'
34^6
400
49-8
40^7
Rate
Aid
5
302
53-6
Expenditure
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
94-4
37-9
95-9
«
426
85-7
68-4
76-9
49-8
. 59-3
50-3
54
14-3
26-3
28^6
263
86^5
65-4 48-1
60-0 »
241
315
29-4
21-7
19^7
65-7
71-4
*
20-4
68-6
73-7
500
423
C4-8
Other
Items
Miscel-
laneous
25-9 23
230
60
122
29
Expcndi
66-5
09-8
5-6
62-1
4-1
14^3
31-6
23-1
31-4
2-8
34-6
400
40-i
Sxvimming Bath
4d.,2d. 4d.,2d.
4d.«
Jd.'
2d., Id.
(2/6),
Id.'
Id.
(10/6),
Bd., 3ii.,
2d.
(4/) Id.
(2/) 2d.>
(2/6),
Sd.'ld.'
3d.
2d., Id.
(10/6),
6d., 3d.
2d.
(2/6),
Id.i
(4/) Id.'
3d.
5d., 5d.,
[3d.] [3d.]
3d.,«
2d.,»
F.
(10/, (6/)6d.
[SI]),
6d., 2d.
(3/),2d. (3/)2d.,
F. ■ F.
F.«
2d.'
id.«
Jd.,F.'
Jd.'
Jd-, F.
(5/,l/6)'
3d., 2d.
Id.
(1/) Id.
F.'
Id.
Id.
(5/),
IJd.,
Id.
F.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
si/.
6d., 4d,
Sd.
7d.,4d.
3d.
6d.,
[*d.],
4d.,
[3d.]
s6d.
3d.
s6d.,
2d.
s6d.,
2d.
si/,
6d., 4d.
7d., 4d.,
3d.
6d.,
[4d.],
4d.,
[8d.]
s6d.,
3d.
151
APPENDIX I
Turkish
Batlts
Wash-
House
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
2/,
1/6
2/,
1/6
IJd.
Hd.
AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
(May to September)
Swimmings Private
Bath Baths
[2d.]
2/[l/]
1/6.
[6d.]
1/
[3d.]
f:
2/1/
1/6,
[6d.]
1/
[3d.]
F." ■
81-
Fe-
male
16'
Wash-
tlouse
78
79'
14 80
8" 93
88'
Fe-
male
{October to April)
Swimming Private Wasin-
Batl) Baths House
(1)H
(2&
Clo
all'
3)
sed'
Ha
Us
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
sed'
sed'
sed
sed'
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
Clo
Fe-
male
sod
sed'
sed
sed
sed
sed
:ed
sed'
71'
74
Fe-
male
75
Fe.
male
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Sum-
mer
ESTAB.
LISH-
MENT
1893
' Includes towels and cos-
added to
tumes.
1913
= HaU, £174 ; cloak-room
£25 : chairs, £48.
* Stores " undifferentiated. "
* 25 from each school.
^ Seasons not defined.
*
I " Stores."
1890
1904
added to
1912
1871
1896
1864 «
added to
1884 '
1909
1897
Un-
known
^ Includes 16 baths for medi-
cal treatment, fees 2/ to 5/.
- Includes 2544 for medical
treatment.
^ Includes income from medi-
cal treatment, etc.
* Includes £1193 undiffer-
entiated.
* Excludes towels.
* Instructor.
' Finance 1915 1916.
^ Excludes towel.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Excludes sch. children.
- In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Excludes towel.
- Attendant take profits for
towels, etc.
* Excludes sch. children.
'^ In classes.
^ Seasons not defined.
' Exclusive of 261 season-
ticket holders, admissions
unrecorded.
' Includes tiling swimming
bath, £90, excluded from
percentages.
^ Available 3 times per week.
* For 4 under 8 years.
'• Seasons not defined.
" Wash-house.
' Swimming bath.
> On shores of lake Winder-
* Excludes towel. [mere.
' Excludes towel.
* In classes.
» Seasons not defined,
' On bank of canal.
= Excludes towel.
> Rent from lessee.
s Excludes 8 hrs. a week for
school children.
Education Committee pro-
vide 2 instructors.
' Includes washing for other
departments, £160.
> Connected with G.W.R.
Medical Fund ; total ex-
penditure not shown.
* For private and Turkish
baths.
* Includes soap and cleaning.
* Includes laying floors, etc.,
£30.
* On medical advice.
' River bath.
' River bath.
* Excludes towel.
* June to August only.
' Includes April and October.
^ Excludes 10 hours a week
for girls.
' Barges moored on river.
' .\ttcndant takes profits for
towels, etc.
' Seasons not defined.
152
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name ui- I'lack
WORCESTE RSH I RE— con/.
M.B. Evesham '
Kidderminster
Corporation
Baths
SlouTpOTi Rd.
U.D.C. Stourbridgo
Stourport
YORKSHIRE
C.B. Bamsley
Bradford S.
Central Baths'
West Bowling
Manningham .
East Bowling .
Leeds Road .
Undercliffe
Wyke .
8.310
17,:112'
4,43:;
50,814
288,4.'i8
SWIMMING BA'IHS
1-Clll.llc
uiily
Tolal
LeiiKth
Breailtli
M,il)r
Fein.ile
2
3
1
5
e
•
I'
ft.
40'
ft.
18»
•
2
•
•
1
37
23
•
«
1
198
197
*
•
1
75
28
19.158
4338
1
57
16
*
•
2
75
60
35
25
35,182
7777
13
333,309
91,111
'
100
30
18,877
6,063
1
00
30
43,897
7,748
1
«0
20
56.739
13,400
1
60
20
27,950
0,039
1
60
20
15,402
2,676
1
60
20
38,033
7,799
1
60
20
12,876
2,324
3,000
approx.
20,727
16,019
4,708
23.406
4.050
42,959
424,848
25,684
51,747
70,216'
18,082
45,864
15,203 •
Slipper and Sprav Baths
17
151
113
12
12'
11'
15' 9>
15
15
23
.?72
41
22
22
Male
Fclnalc
11
12
9,200
3,492
9,200
3,492
2,148
423
5,447
150
113,034
78,260
12,675
1,706
19,167
6,084
16,736
6.342
12,474
5,436
13,764
7,887
14,707
6,832
3,140
1,117
12,692
12,692
2,571
5,597
230,676'
14,381
25,251
23,078
17,910
21,651
21,539
4.257
Rltlicr^ per
Bath or Spr.ly
836
836
358
320
62
661
1147
873
873
426
507
705
717
759
153
APPENDIX I
TrRKisn AND Russian Baths
Total attendance
Attendance per looo
OF POPULATION
WASH-HOUSES
^
Total
I
JATti
Acc.,111
1.10,1.1.
Batlicr;
Swiiuiiiil)?
Bath
Private
Baths
iiichidiiii,'
Turkish
and
Russian
Accomiuodatioii
1 W.ashers
Washers
per Stall
OF
STAB-
LISH
IIBNT
Remarks
16
^ral^• Female
Tot.il
1
Male
20
Female
11
Total
22
23
24
2S
SlalK
26
Maiii^ling
27
Ironing
28
29
30
17
U 19
1899
' Figures for 1914. There is
* «
' 3,000
•
*
also a bathing-place ; ex-
approx.
penses and staS included
in foregoing.
2 Floating bath.
^ Family season ticket, 10s.
«
891' 125 1 1016
« •
34,435
852
522
1415
^
1855
» For 2.
• T
S91 125 1016
* •
29,727
ded to
« Turkish bath.
1871 '
^ Seasons not defined.
1900
' Mixed bathing.
•
•
4,708
^ June to August.
1900
» Also used by outlying
21,306
4761
26,067
1357'
149"
1508'
..
190G
districts.
- Seasons not defined.
^ In classes.
*
•
4,060
914
914
J1874
- June to Sept. inclusive.
' Education Committee pro-
40,629
7927
48,556
849
HI
959
••
'ded to
1914
vide tuition.
- Seasons not defined.
Figures 1914-15.
*
12,649
1893
17,930
458,992
171,264
673,454
1473
800
2335
1
1
1805
> Includes 353 learners; and
75 season-ticket holders,
admissions uurecorded-
- Includes 39,382 school
children.
= Includes interest, £3.
* Includes loan charges, etc.,
£6t)64 ; administration,
£400 ; allowances to sol-
diers, £28 ; not otherwise
allocated.
' Includes medicated and
40t
11.336
1615
16,739'
43,388
9,884
66,804= »
rans-
electric baths.
approx.
1
3rred
id re-
mili,
1905
L387
- Includes 144 learners.
» Includes 3388 for medical
treatment.
* Includes medicated balh
fees.
^ Shops rent, £191 ; refresh-
ments, £36.
« Includes laundry, £119.
' Includes medicated baths,
£100.
8 Includes laundry for other
establishments, £1156.
* In classes.
"> Includes central and
laundrv staffs.
A •' Excludes rents and loan
• V
599
342
941
63,»i3
73,475
40,424
14.174
19,742
11,475
77,939 '
93,294 ■
51,929"
••
■•
■
I
I
I
11)04
l'.)0:>
1005
charges."
> Includes 27 learners, 75
season-ticket holders.
« Includes laundry. £103.
' Includes 77 learners.
= Includes 10 sprays.
3 Includes 7 sprays.
• Includes laundry, £194.
' Includes 30 learners.
- Include 9 sprays.
' Includes 5 spra>-s.
' Free libraries committee.
» Rents,
» Laundry, £109.
» Includes 4 leamere.
29,166
10,563
39,733 =
^ Includes 8 sprays.
' Includes 7 sprays.
• Gymnasium, fees for 1456
admissions.
■ Includi'S laundry, £87.
* Includes April.
I90j
' Includes 32 Icanicr?.
• V
214;
36
250
52,954
14,667
67,653"
'•
191 1
' Includes 12 sprays.
' Includes 5 sprays.
• Includes laundr>', £143.
> Includes 3 leanitrs.
16,016
3.441
19,4tK) •
* Includes U) spra>*s.
* Includes t^pray bath fees.
' Excliulcs £240 capital ex-
penditure in excess o(
borrowinR powers.
.
2c
154
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
WORCESTERSHIRE— con(,
M.B. Evesham ^
Kidderminster
Corporation
Baths
Siourpon Rd.
U.D.C. Stourbridge
Stourport
YORKSHIRE
C.B. Bamsley
POPUL
THIN
Central Baths'
West Bowhng
Manningham .
East Bowling .
Leeds Road .
Undercliffe
Wyke .
24,33S
17.312
4,432
50,014
288,4r)8
Swim,
iiiing
£
24
17
169
17
486
74
129
100
Spray
21
I Season
Turkish Tickets
and ",°' '";
Russian fl"/=''
in fore-
going
1098*
Eatli
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
24 1
Coii-
tribu.
tion for
School
Children
£
24
257
17
17
642
1677
463
284
Wash.
HOUSE
Pay.
MENTS
KENT
FOR
Premises
101
11
£
513
4U
30'
8«
miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos.
tumes
2
11
1
5
Soap
28
12
Other
Items
13
232= 1402"
Total
Receipts
£
24
289
270
19
233
18
647
7710'
3S6
155
APPENDIX I
Deficit
MET
TOTAL
Income
241 530
234 . 504
7 i 26
857 I 590
56 I 75
913 i 15G0
14,353 22,063
1,007 4,659
592 1,089
613 999
1,042
EZFENSnUBE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
247
41
669
Rates.
Taxes,
Insur*
ance
29
73
94
122
127
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
£
10
99
12
38
12
100
35
77
£
10
128
12
358
53
863
176
204
Bath Upkeep
Salaries
and
■\Vajies
£
43
243
15
121
21
330
Heating
and
Lighting
24
£
370
106
281
1305 529
167
165
398 108
38S 151
308 135
Towels' Soap
and I ana
Cos- Clejin-
tumes
54.
50
3 23
£
48
367
IS
230
21
647
9 121 2231
13 60 1148
098'
520
Miscellaneous
Printing
and
Station-
ery
£ £
290
42
£
58
530
504
26
590
1,5GU
22,063 '
4,659'
Total
EXPF-NDI-
ture
■STAH-
LISH
MENT
1899
1855
Ided to
1871 ■
1900
1900
1374
Ided to
1914
1865
rans-
■erred
ud re-
built,
1905
1,398 A
1,089 A
999 A
899 A
1,042 A
608' A
1904
1905
' Figures for 1914. There is
also a bathing-place ; ex-
penses and suff included
in foregoing.
- Floating bath.
^ Family season ticket, 10s.
> For 2.
' Turkish bath.
^ Seasons not defined.
1 Mixed bathing.
^ June to August.
' .-Uso used by outlying
districts.
- Seasons not defined.
* In classes.
- June to Sept. inclusive.
' Education Committee pro-
vide tuition.
- Seasons not defined.
Figures 1914-15.
' Includes 353 learners; and
75 season-ticket holders,
admissions unrecorded.
= Includes 39,382 school
children.
^ Includes interest, £3.
* Includes loan charges, etc.,
£6664 ; administration,
£400 ; allowances to sol-
diers, £28 ; not otherwise
allocated.
' Includes medicated and
electric baths.
- Includes 144 learners.
' Includes 3388 for medical
treatment.
* Includes medicated bath
fees.
* Shops rent, £191 ; refresh-
ments, £36.
* Includes laundry, £119.
' Includes medicated baths,
£100.
' Includes laundry for other
estabhshments, £1156.
* In classes.
'*■ Includes central and
laundry- staffs.
A ■* Excludes rents and loan
charges."
' Includes 27 learners, 75
season-ticket holders.
' Includes laundry, £163.
' Includes 77 learners.
' Includes 10 sprays.
^ Includes 7 sprays.
* Includes laundry, £194.
' Includes 30 learners.
* Includiis 9 sprays.
" Includes 5 sprays.
' Frtjc libraries committee.
' Rents.
* L.Tundr>', £109.
' Includes 4 leanicis.
= Inclvidis 8 spraj-s.
* Includes 7 sprays.
' Gymiasium, fees for 1456
admissions.
^ Includes laundry, £87.
" Includes .\pril.
' Includes 32 learners.
- Includes 12 spra>-s.
^ Includes 5 sprays.
* Includes laundry, £143.
' Includes 3 IcTmers.
* Includes 10 sprays.
* Includes spray bath fees.
* Excludes £240 capital ex-
penditure in excess of
borrowing poweis.
156
A
c
KEPORT
ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Capital
Rate
Aid
COST
Tf.bms
PERCENT AGtS
Scale of
OF Id.
Income:
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming Sath
Trivate
Name of Place
POPUL
TION
Expenili.
turc
Bjth
Fees
Wash.
House
other
Items
Rate
KM
Charge
for
Picmises
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneous
Male
Female
Children
Male
Female
Salaries,
etc.
other
Items
8.3 1(
1
£
260
2
•20
3
41-4
4
6
6 7
68-6 ' 17-2
1
8
9
10
11
41-4
12
13 \ 14
15
16
WORCESTERSHIRE— colli.
M.B. Evtsham '
82-8
(5/),'
2d., F.
(5/),« \ (2/6),
2d., F. I 2d., F.
Kiddemiinster .
24,33:
«
■68
..
..
45-5
■■
54-5
1
..
Baths
3,735
•68
510
2-6
46-4
25-4
48-2
24-6
1-8
53-6
Id. : Id. , Id.
6d..
2id.
6d.,
2}d.
Stourporl Rd. .
«
■002
65-4
7-7
26-9
46-2
57-7
. .
73-1
(2/6),»l (2/,6),', ..
0(J oj
U.D.C. Stourbridge
17,31'
5,128
1-6
approx.
37-6
1-9
60-5
60-7
20-5
18-5 -3
39-5
6d.,3d.l6d.,3d. Id.
s6d.,
33.
i8d.,
3d.
Stourport .
4,43!
312
•
22-7
1-3
74-7
70-7
280
24-0
3d., Id. 3d,, Id.
ld.,F.'
YORKSHIRE
C.B. Bamsley .
50,61-
16,052
1-5
41-2
•3
58-5
56-3
218
20-3
3-2
41-5
4d., 2J. 4d., 2d.
»d.'
S6d.,
4d.
s6d.,
4d.
Bradford S.
288,45:
116,744
2-75
651
34-9
Central Baths'
48,954
*
4d.,
[Id.l
4d.
Id., F.»
Gd., 4d.
6d., 4d.
West Bowling
12,170
•
..
..
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
K.
2*d.,
Ijd.
2Jd.,
lid.
Manningham .
il.-JTI)
*
••
••
••
..
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
F-
2id.,
lid.
2id.,
lid.
East Bowling .
8.914
•
••
2d.. Id.
2d., Id.
F.
2ld.,
IJd.
2id..
IJd.
Leeds Road .
S,(i42
•
••
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
F.
24d.,
IJd.
2Jd.,
Ud.
Underclifle .
8,250
*
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
F.
21d.,
lid.
2Jd.,
lid.
1
Wyke .
3,620
•
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
F.
2td..
IJd.
2Jd.,
lid.
157
APPENDIX I
AVERACF. HOUKS PER WEEK
L ri A IvO to
STAFF
(May to September)
(October to
April)
Balhs
Turkish
\Vasli.
Swimming
Private
WasU
Swimming
Private
Wash
Whole Time
Part Time
Totn
Tota
Batlis
House
Uatli
Baths
Hous
Batli
Uaths
Ileus
or Juniors
L)A 1 b
Sum
Win.
OH
mer
ter
liSTAH-
I.ISH
MHNT
Rhmakks
Per
Cliildrei
Male
Fe.
male
First
Hour
Siibse
qucui
li.iur
M.ile
Fe.
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
29
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
i 37
3(i
50
Clo
sed
2
2
1899
* Figures for 1914. There is
also a bathing-place ; ex-
penses and staff included
in foregoing.
- Floating bath.
^ Faniily season ticket, 10s.
3d.'
1/
1/
66 »
18'
«4
84
Clo
scd'
«
*
o
2
1
5
*
1855
' For 2.
added to| "• Turkish bath. |
1
1871 ^
^ Seasons not defined.
94'
7"
Clo
sed
1
1
2
1900
^ Mixed bathing.
= June to August.
s3<1.
61'
r»2'
30'
22'
«
«
Clo
Clo
scd'
sed
*
*
1
1
2
2
1
5
2
2
1
1900
1906
' Also used by outlying
districts.
- Seasons not defined.
' In classes.
^ June to Sept. inclusive.
"
87'
21'
87
87
Clo
sed'
*
*
4
-
1
7
•
1874
added to
1914
' Education Committee pro-
vide tuition.
- Seasons not defined.
Figures 1914-15.
1
' Includes 353 learners; and
75 season-ticket holders,
admissions unrecorded.
- Includes 39,382 school
children.
=" Includes interest, £3.
* Includes loan charges, etc.,
£6664 ; administration,
£400 ; allowances to sol-
diers, £28 ; not othei-wise
allocated.
-/U.
2,1),
03
*
91
Ul
Ha
II
08
68
17
31
.48 '»
*
IS65
' Includes medicated and
m,
1/6
trans-
electric baths.
9d.
ferred
and re-
built,
1905
- Includes 144 learners.
' Includes 3388 for medical
treatment.
* Includes medicated bath
fees.
5 Shops rent. £191 ; refresh-
meats, £36.
" Includes laundry, £U9.
' Includes medicated baths,
£100.
* Includes laundry for other
establishments, £1156.
" In classes.
'" Includes ccutral and
laundn.' staffs.
2Jd.,F.
lid.
Ud.
70
14
90
90
56
11
07
67
3
3
1
7
7
1887
A •' Excludes rents and loan
charges."
' Includes 27 leamere, 75
season-ticket holders.
2!il.,F.
- Includes laundry, £IG3.
78
14
90
90
50
11
67
67
3
3
1
7
7
1904
' Includes 77 learners.
1
- lurludes 10 sprays.
^ Includes 7 sprays.
2!d.,F.;
* Includes Iaundr>', £194.
77
14
91
91
57
11
68
08
;J
3
1
7
7
1905
' Includes 30 learners.
■" Include;; 9 sprays.
» Includes 5 spray-s.
* Free libraries committee.
* Rents*
2Jd.,I-.
» Laundry, £109.
75 •
14
91
91
Gym-
68
68
3
3
1
7
7
1905
' Includes 4 learners.
nas turn
- Includes 8 spraj-s.
3 Includes 7 sprays.
* Gynitiasiuni, fees for 1450
admissions.
* Inchides laundry, £87.
* Includes April.
21d.,F.
Oil.
lid.
77
14
91
91
57
11
08
G3
3
3
I
7
1905
Includes 32 learners.
■ Includes 12 spra>-s.
* Includes 5 sprays.
Includes Iauiidr>', £143.
2Jd.,F.
77
14
77
14
57
11 1
57
n
3
3
1
7
7
1911
Includes 3 learners.
1
Includes 10 spra>'S.
Includes sprav bath fees.
1
lixchuUs £240 capital ex-
penditure in excess of
borrowinf; powers.
1
i
1
2d
158
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMINC
Baths
Slipper an-d
Sprav Baths
NAMli OF PLACK
t'"l'i_l A-
t I"\
\ mil her
Area
B.1111C1 .
Niiinhcr
B.itlnfrs
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
■ Illy
Tour
l-cnatli
Breadth
M.ilc
FciiLile
r..lai
Male
Female
Total
Male
rcinale
Total
1
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
;
S
■•'
10
11
12
13
14
16
YORKSHIRE.— coii(i»iuf^
C.B. Bradford S.—couUl.
ft.
ft.
Low Moor d .
3
7'
2,862
2,755
5,935 =
84
8
Dyson St. c .
■■
■
11'
-
9,369
17,203'
156
4
Broom fields C
9
8,130
13,891 '
154
3
Prince St. C .
11"
8,594
14,604 =
132
8
Bolton Rd. c .
7'
5,063
11,219"
160
3
Livingstone
Road d
■
■■■
5
1
10'
2,020
1,745
8,225"
404
349
Heaton d
lU
lU
:;3'
4,169
4,031
14,912 =
64
8
Tong St. d ' .
..
•■
s
11 «
435
316
S72"
7
u
City Road c '
10 =
2,303
4,313"
43
1
Brownroyd d '
HI
10
23 =
SO
82
162
Great Mor-
ton d '
6
6
14"
105
80
185
Greengalcsd '
S
10
20='
136
80
■216
Lapage St. .
1
GO
20
46.567
7,512
54,0111 '
-
2
14 =
2,393
3nu
2,759
19
7
Grange Rd. .
1
60
:-,ii.')l
11,731
43,son 1
3
S
17'
3,786
053
4,739
27
9
WlBSF.V
1
00
■M
o.auu
1,8U2
7,0'.is '
-
5
20 =
2,082
1,292
3,374
16
9
FevershamSt.'
Wappinc Kd.'
Green Lane '
I
1
1
15,865
9,261
10,501
9,955
7,788
5,674
25,820
17,049
16,175
,.
••
..
Lister Park .
1
•
•
••
••
••
169
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BAIHli
Accom-
tnoda-
tion
Total attendance
i,935 ■
0.309 17,203 =
8,130 ! 13,891'
S,594 14,604 «
5,063
2,020 1,745
4,160 4,031
11,219"
8,225 ■
14,912*
AlTENDANCE PE-R 1000
OF POPULATION
Swiiuniing
Bnth
Private
Bathi
Total
including
Turkish
anil
Russian
3 24 I 26
435 316 872»
4,313 »
SO 82 162
105 ' 80 185
136 80
48.960 ' 7,878
216
56,850
35,837 12,684; 48,539*
7,372 3,094 10,472
15,805 9,955 25,820
9,261 7,788 17,049
10,501 5,674 16,175
Wash-houses
Acconinioilaiion
Stalls I Mangling
Ironing
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1909
1909
1915
1015
I!M5
1 ;t{)5
1915
C Children 4 days weekly.
d Children 3 days weekly,
' Includes 2 sprays.
= Includes 306 children.
» Rent.
* Includes laundr>', £13.
* Cost of conversion.
' Includes 2 sprays.
^ Includes 7834 children.
3 Rent.
Includes laundry, £36.
Cost of conversion.
Includes 5761 children.
Rent.
Includes laundry, £20.
* Cost of conversion.
' Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes 6010 children.
» Rent.
* Laundry, £31.
* Cost of conversion.
A " Excludes rents and loan
charges."
' Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes 0156 children.
^ Includes Jaundry, £24.
' Includes 2 sprays.
' Includes 4460 children.
= Rent.
* Includes laundry, £17.
^ Excludes capital expendi-
ture in excess of borrow-
ing powers, £41.
^ Cost of conversion.
' Includes 3 sprays.
■ Includes 6712 chikhen.
^ Includes laundry, £31.
* Includes capital expendi-
ture as above, £160.
' Part of year oidy.
- Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes 121 children.
* Includes laundry, £2.
* Part of year only.
2 Includes 1 spray.
3 Includes 2010 children.
* Rent.
^Laundry, £9.
' Cost of conversion.
' Part of year only.
* Includes 3 sprays.
3 Conversion and 4 cottages.
' Part of year only.
' Includes 2 sprays.
* Rents o£ property.
* Part of year only.
' Includes 2 sprays.
^ Rents of property.
' Includes 12 learners.
■ Includes 10 sprays.
* Sch. children only, 3 days
per week.
* included in school-building.
' Includes 18 learners.
- Includes 11 sprays.
■^ Included in school-buildiiiK.
* Includes laundry expenses,
£102.
^ Sch. children only, 3 liavs
per week.
' Includes 6 learners.
- Includes 10 sprays.
' Included in school-buildiuK.
* Inch laundr>' expenses, £22.
^ Sch. children only, 3 days
pur week.
' lender joint management
of baths and education
comnuttees.
* Included in schooI'buUding,
' School-hours.
2 D
100
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
namh of I'LACH
YORKSHIRE.— coiitiHMtl
C.B. Bradford S. — conlil
Low Moor d .
Dyson St. c .
Broomfields c
Prince St. C
Bolton Rd. c .
Livingstone
Roadd
Heaton d
Tong St. d ' .
City Road c '
Brownroyd d '
Great Hoi-
ton d '
Groengatcsd '
Lapace St. .
Grange Rv. .
Wmsiiv
FeversmahSt.
Wappinc Rd.'
Green Lane '
Lister Park .
Swim-
ming
148
£
44
34
30
21
20
66
6
10
1
2
2
16
Spray
Turlvish
.ind
Russian
Season
Ticltets
not In.
eluded
in fore-
goinK
E.ith
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
180
' 202
i 168
266
£
46
30
Wash-
Hou.se
pav-
MF.NTS
10
20.'.
15.1
264
Rent
FOR
Premises
MISCELLANEOUS
Towels
and
I Cos-
I tumes
20
Soap
Other
Items
TOTAL
Receipts I
£
47
34
36
1
7
7
283
384
293
207
168 I
264
161
APPENDIX I
nHFiciT
Mr r BY
ASSESS-
MENT
Total
INCOHK
53
19
25
18S
12
£ It
uu ir,7
320 :iriti
241 277
109 119
202
f.4
20
32
207
1S8
264
EXFEHDIIOBE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Loan
Cliarges
£
23 =
Rates,
Taxes
Insur-
ance
20
Re.
newals
nnd
Repairs
28 =
13
*
13
24'
20
27
1
24*
6
9
1
* s
• a
9
3
..'
3
1
a
..
3
13
40 ' 19 4
10
27
4
16
£
33
Bath Upkeep
MISCELLANEOUS
Salaries , Heatinfj
and and
Wages T-ighting
9 22
4
lo
£
77
19
29ij
102
10«
107
£
17
28
105 13
101 25
280 26
57 : 6
67
24<i 68
184
161 15 9
I Towels ; Soap
Water 2'"^ | »"<•
Cos- Clean-
' tiimes I ing
£
5
14
10
S
I
2
72
e 2
16 2
£ £
6 118
17 , 175
227
12 216 «
21
Printing i
and Other I y^^^,
Station- Items
cry
37
21
.. ! 24
9 18 ' 464
8 16 414*
67
4
18
194
32
3
8
148
26
8
8
248
6
o
5
207
D
5
168
6
6
264
8
8
12
Total
liXPHNDl
TUKF.
£
157
245
202 A
281'
419'
54
26
32
496
HSTAB*
LISH-
MENT
1909
1909
191 r.
1915
11)15
I90r>
191&
C Children 4 days weekly,
d Children 3 days weekly.
' Includes 2 sprays.
= Includes 306 children.
3 Rent.
* Includes laundry, £13.
^ Cost of conversion.
^ Includes 2 sprays.
= Includes 7834 children.
' Rent.
* Includes laundry, £36.
* Cost of conversion.
' Includes 5761 children.
= Rent.
3 Includes laundry, £20.
* Cost of conversion.
' Includes 1 spray.
3 Includes 6010 children.
3 Rent.
* Laundry, £31.
* Cost of conversion.
A " Excludes rents and loan
charges."
^ Includes 1 spray.
- Includes 6156 children.
^ Includes Jaundry, £24.
' Includes 2 sprays.
* Includes 4460 children.
^ Rent.
* Includes laundry, £17.
^ Excludes capital expendi-
ture in excess of borrow-
ing powers, £41.
*^ Cost of conversion.
' Includes 3 sprays.
- Includes 6712 children.
^ Includes laundr>', £31.
* Includes capital expendi-
ture as above, £160.
' Part of year only.
- Includes 1 spray.
^ InciuSes 121 children.
* Includes laundry, £2.
^ Part of year only.
- Includes 1 spray.
' Includes 2010 children.
« Rent.
^ Laundry, £9.
" Cost of conversion.
' Part of year only.
' Includes 3 sprays.
^ Conversion and 4 cottages.
* Part of year only.
= Includes 2 sprays.
' Rents of property.
' Part of year only.
* Includes 2 sprays.
^ Rents of property.
' Includes 12 learners.
- Includes 10 sprays.
' Sch. children only, 3 days
per week.
* included in school-building.
' Includes 18 leanicrs.
- Includes H sprays.
■' Included in school-building,
' Includes laundry expenses,
£102.
■ Sch. children only, 3 days
per week.
' Includes 6 learners.
- Includes 10 sprays. ,
^ Included in schotil-building.
' Incl. laundr>' expenses, £22.1
^ Sch. children only, 3 <laysl
per week.
' Under joint management
of baths and education
coinnuttecs. j
- Included in scbocd-building.
■ School-hours. '
162
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAMU ^H■^ J'LACh
YORKSHIRE.— coii/iiiucv;
C.B. Bradford S.— roii/</
Low Moor d
Dyson St. c
Capital
COST
Broom&elds c
Bolton Rd. c .
Livingstone
Roadd
Heaton d
Tone St. d ' .
City Road c '
Brownroyd d '
Great Hoi-
ton d '
GrccDgatesd '
Lapacic St. .
Grange Ru, .
WlBSKV
I'EversiiawSt.
Wappinc Rd.'
Green Lane '
Lister Park .
560'
475'
Terms
OF Id.
m £
861 •
22f.4 '
lf.9ll
2008
3U(I0
1 I 3OU0
Percentages
Bath
I'ees
Wash-
House
Otliei
Items
Rate
Aid
Expenditure
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Salaries,
etc.
Expend)
ture
MisceU
laneous
Other
Items
Swimming Bath
.Male Teniale
Children Male
14 16 16
2id.,
IJd.
21d.,
lid.
Id.
Id.
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
F.
21d.,
XJd.
2Jd.,
Ud.
2id.,
lid.
lid.
2id.,
lid.
Zid.,
lid.
2id.,
lid.
2d., Id,
F. 2d., Id.
2d., Id. 2d., Id.' F. 2d., Id. 2d., Id,
2id., !
lid.
21d.,
Ud.
2id.,
Ud.
2id.,
lid.
2id.,
lid.
2id.,
lid.
2d., Id.
163
APPENDIX 1
Turkish
Baths
Fe-
male
Wash-
House
First
Houi
Per
Subse.
quent
Hour
Average Hours per wefk
(May to September)
Swiniiiiiiii;
Bath
Fe-
iii.ile
Private
Baths
Wash-
House
Fe-
male
22
(October to April)
Swimming
Bath
24* 12*
25'
25'
25'
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
24'
12
12'
25 > 25 > 25 •
25 'i 25 "j 25 •
25» 25" 25"
22'
ll»
Private
Ballis
Wash
House
33
33
32
25'
25"
25"
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
24*
12
25'
25»
25 »
Fe-
male
-
3
2
3
2
3
3 I 2
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Sum-
mer
• •
IvSI AB-
LISH-
MENT
1909
1912
1915
1915
1915
1905
1915
C Children 4 days weekly,
d Children 3 days weekly.
' Includes 2 sprays.
^ Includes 306 children.
» Rent.
* Includes laundry, £13.
^ Cost of conversion.
^ Includes 2 sprays,
= Includes 7834 children.
^ Rent.
* Includes laundry, £36.
* Cost of conversion.
' Includes 5761 children.
= Rent.
^ Includes laundry, £20.
* Cost of conversion.
^ Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes 6010 children.
^ Rent.
* Laundr>',£31.
^ Cost of conversion,
A " Excludes rents and loan
charges."
' Includes 1 spray.
- Includes 6156 children.
^ Includes laundry, £24.
^ Includes 2 sprays,
* Includes 4460 children.
^ Rent.
* Includes laundry, £17.
^ Excludes capital expendi-
ture in excess of borrow-
ing powers, £41.
•* Cost of conversion,
^ Includes 3 sprays.
^ Includes 6712 children.
^ Includes laundry, £31.
* Includes capital expendi-
ture as above, £160.
' Part of year only.
^ Includes 1 spray.
^ IncluSes 121 children.
* Includes laundry, £2.
* Part of year only.
' Includes 1 spray.
' Includes 2010 children.
* Rent.
* Laundry, £9.
* Cost of conversion.
' Pari of year only.
* Includes 3 sprays.
' Conversion and 4 cottages.
' Part of year only.
- Includes 2 sprays.
^ Rents of property.
' Part of year only.
* Includes 2 sprays.
^ Rents of property.
' Includes 12 learners.
' Includes 10 sprays.
' Sch. children only, 3 days
per week.
* included in school-building.
^ Includes 18 learners.
■ Includes 11 spra\'s.
^ Included in school-building.
' [Deludes laundry expenses,
£102.
^ Sch. children only, 3 tlays
per week.
' Includes 0 learners.
- liirludcs 10 sprays.
^ included in school-building.
' Incl. laundr>* expenses, £22.
'■• Sch. children only, 3 days
per week.
Under joint management
of baths and education
cuTiimiltees.
Included in school-building.
* Scbool-bours.
164
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING Baths
SLIPPER AND
SPRAY BaIHS
Xarie of place
p<ua-i.A-
llo\
Number
Area
Bathers
Number
Bntliers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
I-emales
only
Total
.ength
Breadth
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
M.ile
Feni.ile
.-.3,;t5i
1
2
3
1
i
6
8,330
7
8
9
10
35
11
11,888
12
13
13,919
14
15
YORKSHIRE.— con/imicii
C.B. Dewsbury '
♦
2
ft.
75
75
ft.
24
24
31,491
39,821
18
17
2,031
660
119
HaUfax .
ini,r.5:5
4
55,550
19,285
75,614'
42
31
73
28,379
9,951
38,977 "
670
321
Park Rd. ] .
Woodsidc J
»
*
57
52
75
23
18
18
36
16
*
*
*
«
•
•
«
*
*
*
*
*
«
*
«
•
*
*
*
*
•
Hudderefiekl .
Lockwood
Baths
107.821
2
1
51
21
*
»
*
♦
64,938
18.112
48
20
«
*
•
«
31,429
6,145
65
30
5
7
Central Baths
1
78
26
*
*
40,»2«
28
«
*
25,284
90
3
Kinpston-upon-
HuU .
277.001
1
9
232,460'
61,503
293,963 '
133
75,184
4,343
79,527
59
8
Madeley St. .
2
90
84'
35
29 >
85,243
16,054
101,897
50
26,153
987
27,140
54
3
East Hull
2
90
60'
30
30'
51,961
10,933
68,894
27
8
35
24,982
1,482
26,404
925
183
Beverley Rd. .
1
3
100
GO
65
35
40
30
83,107
27,916
111,023
48
24,049
1,874
25,923
54
0
N eivittf^toti
King George I'.
Playing Field
1
1'
180
ISO
en
60
12,149
*
I2.M'.l
m
••
Leeds
41.'i,,V.(i
13 '
«
1
*
334,833 '
12.)
38 »
163 »
73,698
14,8S5 '
88,583 «
590
200
CookridgeSt.
,,
75
50
36
24
0,470
0,68G
1(1,1112
Ui
7
22
2,898
542
3,440
193
77
Kiikslal! Rtl.
2
75
60
24
20
•
«
.'.:!.4:!4
l.-|
5
20
9,776
164
9,940
652
33
Union St.
1
75
30
32,44:;
32,442
18
2
20
14,516
1,472
15.987
806
736
Holbeck
2
75
60
30
24
•
•
42,307
15
■>
20
11,004
124
11,128
784
25
Uuaslet
2
75
62
30
24
40.877
48U
47,363
ID
5
20
13,125
213
13,338
875
43
Meanwood Kil.
2
75
62
30
24
*
•
■45,941
15
5
20
11,306
1,980
13,286
754
390
165
APPENDIX I
TUKKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
TOIAL ATTENDANCU
ATTENIJANCE PER 10l>0
OF POPULATION
Wash-houses
Accoin.
moda.
tioii
Hatliers
Swiiniuiiii'
Ball-.
Private
Baths
Total
including
Turkibh
and
Knssian
Accommodation
H'ashcrs
U'asliefb
Stall
Male
l^cliialc
Tol.-U
Male
i'eiiiale
Total
Stalls
ManKliny
Ironing-
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
26
27
2S
29
30
Bt
2,034
814
2,848
45,413.
11,175
66,583
746
261
1061
„
" 2v
«
*
177
83,929
29,230
114,708' •■
745
384
1130
_
*
•
*
*
«
•
*
* «
*
*
*
«
*
••
«
♦
96,307
002
291
894
.. 1 ..
1
«
«
24,257
*
*
72,110
307,644^
65,846
373,490 '
1057 '
288
1344"
1
111,396
17,641
129,037
.. .. ..
76,943
18,415
95,358
1
107,150
29,780
130,940
12,149
12,149
.. 1 ..
*
*
120'
23,878 1901
25,779
*
*
449,195 '
752 «
199
1008"
COt'
11,907
1901
13,808
24,ii81
9,129
33,410
• 'v
834 ..
884
•
«
64,208
50r
7,419
7,119
54,370
1.472
55,848
1
••
1
*
• 1 53,435
..
..
746
1
746
60,748
699
61,447
•
•
69.227
..
Date
-
OF
Estab-
Remarks
lish-
ment
«
' Figures for 1915-10.
» Includes 2 instructors,
part-time.
' Includes 779 children.
= Includes (547 spray-bathers.
1859
^ In classes.
* Exclusive of site.
1893
' Excludes instructors, who
teach by private arrange-
iTient.
CITCA
» Education Committee pay
1834
class fee and tuition.
= Includes £56.
■ Includes April and October.
1877
' Education Committee pay
adtied to
class fee and tuition.
1892
= Incl. £325 undiBerentiated.
!■ Includes April and October.
' Totals exclude figures for
King George v. Field.
1885
' For boys.
added to
^ Exclusive of site. .
1912
' Excludes soap.
• March 15 to October 15.
1898
' For boys.
- IncI. gymnasium fees, £43.
» Exclusive of site.
• Excludes soap.
' March 15 to October 16.
1905
■ Rent of hall, £435 ; gym-
nasium fees, £99.
- Includes washing towels.
£85 ; cycle storage, £22.
' Exclusive of site.
* ENcludes soap.
' March 15 to October 15.
1909
' Exclusive of site.
' Includes April.
1912
' Boys only.
.Admission and instruction
free for sch. children, by
arrangement between Edu-
cation Committee and
Baths Committee.
Administration by general
superintendent not in-
cluded in staff.
A proposal to erect ,cottage
baths was under considera-
tion in 1914.
> Exclusive of school baths.
" Includes school children.
' Exclusive of Jewess bath.
' Includes 7302 Jewesses.
* Turkish, 00 ; Rtissian,06;
also vapour balhs.
" Excludes rents and loan
charges for Jewish bath.
IStlO
' Also vapour baths.
icquired
■ Sale of refreshments, £96 ;
1898
rents of cottages,£24.
' Includes refreshments, £40.
• Excludes instructors.
180.1
' Rent of room.
= Includes painting, £103.
' In classes.
1895
> Includes for washing towels
£24.
' Includes painting. £106.
' In classes.
1898
' Includes painting, £109.
' In classes.
1898
' In classes.
1899
' In classes.
2 B
Name of Placf.
YORKSHIRE.— continued
C.B. Dewsbur>- >
HaUfax .
Park Rd. )
Woodside J
Huddersfield
Lockwood
Baths
Central Baths
Kingston-upon-
Hull .
Madeley St.
Beverley Rd. .
Xacinglon
KingGrorge I
Playing Field
PtlPL'I.A-
1 ION
53,S51
101,55S
ii:i.:.:.o
CookridgeSt. .
Kirkstall Rd
Union St.
Holbcck
Huaslet
Moanwood Rd.
166
B
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
niOOME
BATH FEES
Wash-
house
PAY-
Rent
FOR
Premises
Miscellaneous
Total
Receipts
1
Swim-
iriiiiK
I'rivat..-
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
r.ala&,
etc.
Swim-
iiiinn
Con.
tribu-
tioii for
Scliool
Children
Total
Towels
and
Cos.
tumes
1
Soap
1
other
Items
Total
1
3
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
£
618
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
£
308
1
£
203
£
£
105
£
3
£
£
£
£
£
£
10
£
£
9
£
10
£
637
437
425
3
4
7
877
32
15
47
024
*
•
«
«
•
.,
*
*
*
*
•
.
*
•
•
«
«
•
*
;:
•
«
1199
12«
81
••
210
,
210
445
462
••
897
92
92
989 ■
3799 '
413
502
•■
6
17
58
9D7
41
32
10
1
43
1082
222
j
449
■•
17
••
52
739
89^
15
11
17
42
87 1
563
442
••
••
_;
23
51
1079
5351
36
14
117'
168
1781
6-i
es
2
2
H6
•
..
..
>>
, ,
*
•
•
«
..
5308
271
114
1086
,
1451
21
120'
140
1591
3SG
153
..
,,
489
43 >
16
7
22
554
197
223
144
..
••
563
24
27"
51
015
254
121
375
3
6
y
384
297
183
1
430
26
6
32
462
298
213
•■
•■
.. 611
22
••
22
532
167
APPENDIX i
EXPENDITDBE
TUTAL
Income
938
S,
■i,3Vi
940 2,139
288 498
l,(i42
4800' I 8,599'
141» :i,4»5
1244 2,114
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
and
Loan
Taxes.
Insur-
newals
and
Charges ancc
E ! £
977 232
118 184
7969' 13,2«8'
1314 2,UU6
7j(j ; 1.301
8U9 I 1,424
910 1,294
672 1,134
1,470
1553 215 328 2097
£
134
125
£
1343
933
BATH UPKEEr
Salaries | Heating;
and > and Water
Waives I Lighting
Towels
and
Cos.
tumes
£
430
679
1
£ I .£ £
400 I 60 22
104 75 85 •
302
478 324
652 160 124 936 638 303
1218
275
199
1692
356
152
203'
711
383
132
217 •
732
446
156
190'
792
427
156
38
620
604
158
79
840
692
237
311
231
240
168
234
149
138
194
320 . 310
36
112
857 524 17'
161
134
114
128
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
£
957
47
36
Atlt,ChLLANEOUS
Printin,; '
and 'itlier
Station- Items
ery I
£ £
V 6
£
13
18 ; 73 93
1147
586
680
494
50(;
TOTAI-
EXPENDT.
TURI
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
£
2,315
2,329
2,139
498'
1,642"
8,599 '
2,495
1859
1893
area
1834
' Figures for 1915-16.
* Includes 2 instructors,
part time.
' Includes 779 childreo.
' Includes 647 spray-bathers.
^ In classes.
* Exclusive of site.
' Excludes instructors, who
teach by private arrange-
ment.
184
•
13,268 "
1
67*
2,906
13
1,310
12
1,424
8
1,294
8
1 ,134
9
1,470
» Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
' Includes £56.
' Includes April and October.
1877 ^ Education Committee pay
added to class fee and tuition.
1892 ' Incl. £325 undifierentiated.
Includes April and October.
Totals exclude figures for
King George v. Field.
1885 ' For boys,
added to ' Exclusive of site. .
1912 ' Excludes soap.
• March 15 to October 15.
1898 ' For boys.
- Incl. gymnasium fees, £43.
' Exclusive of site.
• Excludes soap.
' March 15 to October 15.
> Rent of hall, £435 ; g>'m-
nasium fees, £99.
= Includes washing towels,
£85 ; cycle storage, £22.
' Exclusive of site.
' E\oludes soap.
' March 15 to October 15.
^ Exclusive of site.
= Includes April.
^ Boys only.
..\dmi55ion and instruction
free for scb. children, by
arrangement between Edu-
cation Committee and
Baths Committee.
.Administration by general
superintendent not in-
cluded in staff.
A proposal to erect ,cottage
baths was under considera-
tion in 1914.
^ Exclusive of school baths.
' Includes school children.
' Exclusive of Jewess bath.
' Includes 7302 Jewesses.
' Turkish, 60 ; Russian, 66 ;
also vapour baths.
• Excludes rents and loan
charges for Jewish bath.
' .Also vapour baths.
" Sale of refreshmenu, £96 ;
rents of cottages, £24.
• Includes refreshments, £40.
• Excludes instructors.
' Rent of room.
• Includes painting, £103.
• 111 classes.
' Includes for washing towels
£24.
' Includes paiating, £105.
" In classes.
' Includes painting. £109.
' In classes.
' In classes.
1866
acquired
1898
189.?
1808
1898
In classes.
168
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
YORKSHIRE.— cow/mu^d
C.B. Dewsbury '
HaUfax .
Park Rd. "j
W'oodside J
Huddersfield
Lockwood
Baths
Central Baths
Ivingston-upon-
Hull .
Madeley St.
East Hull
Beverley Rd.
Xacington
King George I'.
Playing Field
Cookridgc St. .
KirkstaU Rd.
Union St.
Ilolbeck
Huosk't
Meanwood Kd.
PoFL-LA-
TION
53,351
277.991
CAPITAL
COST
rati;
Aid
IN
Ttirms
OK Id.
I'hkcentages
Scale or
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
to
Expendi-
^iiimniing Haiti Private
i
Bath
Wisll-
House
Other
Items
Rale
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneous
Male
l-cmalc
[
Children] Male
Salaries, Other
etc. Items
renialc
1
2
3
4
5
6
725
7
581
S 9
18-0 22^3
10
•6
11
27^5
12
4d., 2d.
13
4d., 2d.
11 IS
16
s7d.,
4d.
i
3-U
approx.
i&--
•8
F.
s7d.,
4d.
iii.Tiy
0,839 '
•75
■611
*
20
60-3
*
40' 1
*
29^2 30^4
* «
1
•3
«
39^7
*
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
F."
's4d.,
3d., 2d
s4d.,
3d., -id.
9,874
*
«
«
*
•
* *
•
«
1(P,4.'(2
33
439
561
3;747
•
42^2
57^8
*
20^9 •
*
42^2
6d., 3d.,
2d., Id.
6d., 3d.,
2d., Id.
Id.i
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
C.liSo
•
54-6
5^B
397
•
18^4 •
•
60^2
6d., 3d.,
2d., Id.
6d., 3d.,
2d., Id.
Id."
s6d.,
3d.
5 6d.,
3d.
53,000 '
♦
55^8'
44^2 '
approx.
22,0lin '
approx.
*
40-0
3^4
56^6
57-4
19-2
19^5
3^9
43^4
3d. [2d.]
3d. [2d.]
Id. 6d.,3d.'
6d.,3d.'
1,300'
»
350
lr2
58^8
44-3
302 235
2-0
412
3d.t2d.]
3d. [2d.]
Id.
6d.,3d.«
6d.,3d.<
J7,UU0 ^
•
28^4
18^5
5S^2
551
22^5
19^9
2-4
46^8
3d. [2d.]
3d. [2d.]
Id.
6d.,3d.«
6d.,3d.<
1,700 '
•
34^2
11
64-1
34-8
47-3
17^9
35-9
*
*
1,000
approx.
*
•
•96 •
«
•
«
60 •O
*
«
*
400
F.
•
28,418
•10
499
48
452
58-2
23-8
15-7
2^3
54^7
6d.,
[4d.]
6d.,
[4d.]
4d.
l/,6d.
I/, 6d.
8,643
■09
37^3
50
57-7
51-3
19-6 25-1
10
42^3
4d.r3d.]
2d.
[l*d.l
td.f3d.]
2 J.
[Ud.l
4d.
ld.,F.>
s6d.,
3d., 2d.
s4d.
9,049
•10
395
3>6
568
514
21^8 259
■8
4S^2
Id., F.'
s6d.,
3d., 2d.
$4d.
11,509
■11
29^0
",
•7
708
612
179 203
•G
297
4d.[3d.)
2d.
[lid.]
4d.|:3d,)
2d.
4d.[3d.]
2d.
ri}d.)
4d.
Id., f.'
s4d.,
2d.
s4<l.
11,512
•08
37^9
28
59-3
547
21-2 23^5
•7
40^ 7
4d.
Id., F.>
s4d.,
2d.
Sid.
14,403
•U
348
1-6
638
57-1
175 248
•0
36-2
4d.
Id., F.'
f 6d.,
3d., 2d.
s4d. j
!
169
APPENDIX T
AVERAGE Hours per week
CHARGES
(May
o September)
(October to April)
-
Turkish
Wash.
Swimming
Private
Wash.
Swimming Private
Wash
Whole Time
Part Time
Total
Total
House
Bath
Balhs
House
Bath Hatlis
House
Sum-
Win-
ter
Date
OF
ESTAB-
Remarks
LISH-
MENT
Per
ChiWreil
M.Mc
Fc
male
l-irst
Hoitr
Subse
quem
Hour
M.-ile
male
Male
Fe.
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
male
Male
male
17
s-d.,
IS
*
19
20
21
22
85
85
24
85
26
85
?6_
27
(1)CI
28
osed
29
61
30
61
31
32
4
33
34
35
1
36
7 =
37
*
•
*
' Figures for 1915-16.
4d.
(2)0
pen
^ Includes 2 instructors,
part time.
6d.
6d.
92
92
92
92
69
69
69
69
•
«
*
*
14'
10
1859
1893
' Includes 779 children.
' Includes 647 spray-bathers.
" In classes.
* Exclusive of site.
'• Excludes instructors, who
teach by private arrange-
ment.
• s
* 3
♦
•
CO
sed
*
•
*
*
S
2
circa
1834
' Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
= Includes £56.
3 Includes April and October.
* 3
* 3
*
*
Clo
sed
♦
*
*
*
*
«
8
«
1877
added to
1892
' Education Committee pay
class fee and tuition.
= Incl. £325 undiflerentiated.
3 Includes April and October.
^ Totals exclude figures for
King George v. Field.
Id.
••
« 4
• t
92
92
Ha
Us
68
68
u
2
1
8
«
1885
added to
1912
* For boys.
- Exclusive of site. .
' Excludes soap.
• March 15 to October 16. ,
Id.
« 5
« S
92
92
(2)G
nas
all
ym-
ium
68
68
G
3
1
10
*
1898
' For boys. i
- Incl. gynmasiura fees, £43.
3 Exclusive of site.
* Excludes soap.
' March 15 to October 15.
Id.
88 »
88 »
92
92
(1)H
(2)G
nas
all
68
68
C
G
3
15
«
1905
' Rent of hall, £435 ; gym-
nasium fees, £99.
i'a
' Includes washing towels,
£85 ; cycle storage, £22.
' Exclusive of site.
* Excludes soap.
' March 15 to October 15.
85 «
L'luaed
1
1
1909
' Exclusive of site.
' Includes April.
•
•
••
•
«
*
«
1913
^ Boys only.
-Admission and instruction
free for sch. children, by
arrangement between Edu-
cation Committee and
Baths Committee.
.Administration by general
,
superintendent not in-
cluded in staff.
.\ proposal to erect ,cottage
baths was under considera-
tion in 1914.
' Exclusive of school baths.
' Includes school children.
' Exclusive of Jewess bath.
• Includes 7302 Jewesses.
j
' Turkish, 60 ; Russian, 06 ;
also vapour baths.
" Excludes rents and loan
charges for Jewish bath.
2/6,
2^l/
78
G9
72
69
78
69
72
69
8
6
14'
14
1806
' Also vapour baths.
vs,
acquired
■ Sale of refreshments, £96 ;
1/
1898
rents of cottages, £24.
* Includes refreshments, £40.
' Excludes instructors.
•
78
fi
78
78
(1)0
(2)H
pen
all
78
78
4
3
7
5
189.')
• Rent of room.
' Includes painting, £103.
3 III classes.
4a.
78
78
78
60
00
60
3
3
6
6
1895
' Includes for washing towels
£24.
' Includes paintinR. £105.
' In classes.
78
4
78
78
Clo
sed
60
60
••
3
3
6
6
1808
' Includes painting, £109.
■ In classes.
*
78
9
78
78
Clo
sed
60
60
..
3
6
6
1898
' In classes.
78
11
78
78
Clo
sed
60
60
M
3
••
«
3
1899
' In classes.
2F
170
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
V^ORKSHIRE.— con/tHMf/
C.B. Leedf. — continueil
Bra m ley
York R1.
Jewess Ball
School Bath ^
Middlesbrough .
Corporation St.
Attercliffe » .
Upperlhorpe
Glossop Rd.
SWIMMING Baths
Number Area
^>..ales Total
only
454,032
l.piiBth
ft.
75
76
it.
30
30
1 60
100
76
75
30
37,404
4.'.2,052
42,.iiJ0'
61,495'
68,784'
30 inft,480'
Female Total
i8,062
33,440
• 35,07B
2,n4S I 3fl,.'i42
99,582 f.01,(i34
SLIPPER AND SPRA^■ BaTHS
Male
Female
8
9
10
4
16
6
1
20
21
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
11
2,966
8,108
i,499
10,007
58,676
48,049
71,502
75,001
168,15«i
18
35
i) 28 17,041
201 133,399
24 10
2/ 13,381
41 27,437
29
34
16,516
31,360
2,730
7,302
231
11,971
1,744
Total Male
3,324 185 89
10,838 ' 507
7,302
17,272 , 897
145,370 ' 914
14.201 741
28,437 784
18,260 S2fi
167
193
4,829 36,189 ! 1307 ! 483
171
APPENDIX I
Turkish and Russian Baths
Accoiii-
inoda-
rion
13r
IOR
17
381
2591
9139
Female Total
3181
381
2,691
12,270
■M'T 7748* 2858 I 10,004
TOTAL Attendance
594,590
114,684
55,881'
88,932'
85,800'
Female [ Total
21 I 22
• 31,767
» 48,876
7,802 7,302
• 35,676
2,329 57,539
709,274
11,007 99,939"
93,261 '
148,588' 66,301= 214,049'
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF POPULATION
Swimming I Private
tiath i Baths
23 24
Total
including
Turkisli
and
Russian
165
1213 320 1560
Wash-houses
Accommodation
Mani;linf;
Ironing
Washers
Stall
Estab-
lish.
MENT
1904
1905
1884
dded to
1900
1869
recon-
itructed
1910
1879
altered
1914
1896
dded to
1898
and
1910
2 f'
^ In classes.
* In classes.
' Rents.
' Exclusive of rents and loan
charges.
' Under Baths Committee.
' Includes washing towels
and costumes, £81.
^ Coal bunker.
^ In classes.
• For 20 tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
Bathing figures for 1918-14
unduly low, owing to
several baths being closed
for alterations.
Baths kept open after hours
for clubs, i.e. from 8 to 9.30
P.M., on payment of 9/,
admitting 80 members ;
figures of club bathers for
1914 calculated in maxi-
mum, hence inflated; in re-
turns for 1915 this method
has given place to that of
counting individuals.
' Cost of central administra-
tion borne by cleansing de-
partment, and not charged
against the baths' account;
includes bank interest,
capital works executed out
of revenue, etc., £1108, not
allocated below.
' Includes club bathers, 3660
approx.
-' Includes washing towels, £5
' Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £48.
• In classes
^ Reduced price,4Jd.andSd.,
Monday to Thursday in-
clusive.
" Excludes soap.
' Bath closed from Nov. to
March for alterations.
- Includes club bathers, 7920
approx.
^ In classes.
' 6d. reduced to 4id., 4d. to
3d., Monday to Thursday
inclusive.
'- Excludes soap.
' Includes club bathers, 8400
approx.
• Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £17. i
' In classes. I
' Reduced price, 4 Jd. and 3d. I
Monday to Thursday, in-
clusive.
' Includes club bathers,
25.680 approx.
- Includes club bathers, 8880
approx.
^ Then? are also electric and
medicated baths.
' Includes 1299user^of medi-
cated baths.
^ Includes fees for medicated i
baths. £591.
• Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £24.
' in classes.
' Reduced price, 4Jd. and 3d.
Mond. to Thurs,, inclusive,
172
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
■YORKSHIRE.— conttnuH
C.B. Leed--.— condin.i-'J
Bramlev
York R\.
Jewess Bath .
School Bath ^
Middlesbrough .
Corporation St.
Attercliffe '
Upperthorpe .
Glossop R(l. .
Popula-
tion
104,707
Bath Fees
Swim-
mill);
£
171
203
Private: Spray
Tuilci^li
and
Russian
3
£
46
136
258
399
281 462
318
332
650
£
10
Season
Ticlcets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Batti
Hire by '
Clubs. 1
Galas. I
etc. I
1046'
Con-
tribu-
tion for
Sctiool
Children
£
226
382
238
223 223
945
403
650
279S
Wash
House
Pay-
ments
REirr
FOR
PREMISES
MISCELLANEOtJS
1 Towels
and
Soap
62
76
36
.. i 388 114
other
Items
12 I 13 14 { 15
£
8
22
50" 50
56
1 53
SO 105
116
173
APPENDIX T
IDEFICIT
(MET BY
ASSESS-
MENT
Total
Income
£
1223
14G
146
S23
1,457
l.a28
369
1,324
16,105'
313 I 1,161
793 1,479
2204 5,506
EZPENSnUKE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rt'iils
anl
Loan
Kates,
Taxes,
Insur-
Cliarges p ance
£ I £
781 210
857
83
Re.
newals
and
Repairs
£
47
47
349
418
86
50
167
118 200
284
758
£
1038
806
509
736
3062
bath Upkeep
Salaries
and
\Vages
Heating
and ' Water
Lighting I
£
213
£
122
184
247
£
76
126
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
£
411
26
39
94
317 176
389
262
62 624*
48 72
611
51 719
Miscellaneous
Printing
and
Other
Station-
Items
ery
29
30
£
£
•
•
*
•
21
58
12
62 » 77
28
18*
40
83
Total
liXPENDl-
TURE
Estab-
lish-
ment
£
1,457
1,628
276 »
309
1,824 1884
idded to
I 190n
10,105 ^
1,199 1869
irecon-
itructecl
1910
1,101 1879
altered
1014
1,479 . 1806
1896
dded t<
1898
aDd
1910
In classes.
* In classes.
' Rents. I
' Exclusive of rents and loan ;
charges. i
' Under Baths Committee. ;
' Includes washing towels '
and costumes, £81. |
' Coal bunker. I
^ In classes. '
• For 20 tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
Education Committee pro- !
vide instruction. l
Bathing figures for 1913-14 I
unduly lovp, owing to '
several baths being closed I
for alterations. i
Baths kept open after hours ]
for clubs, i.e. from 8 to 9.30 ;
P.M., on payment of 9/,
admitting 80 members ;
figures of club bathers for
1914 calculated in maxi-
mum, hence inflated; in re-
turns for 1915 this method
has given place to that of
counting individuals.
' Cost of central administra-
tion borne by cleansing de-
partment, and not charged
against the baths' account;
includes bank interest,
capital works executed out
of revenue, etc., £1108, not
allocated below.
' Includes club bathers, 3660
approx.
■ Includes washiug towels, £5
^ Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £48.
' In classes
" Reduced price, 4 Jd. and Sd.,
Monday to Thursday in-
clusive.
" Excludes soap.
' Bath closed from Nov. to
March for alterations.
- Includes club bathers, 7920
approx.
^ In classes.
' 6d. reduced to 4Jd., 4d. to
3d., Monday to Thursday
inclusive.
■ Excludes soap.
' Includes club bathers, 3400
approx.
- Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £17.
' In classes.
* Reduced price, 4}d. and 3d.
Monday to Thursday, in-
clusi\c. I
' Includes club bathers,
25.680 approx.
= Includes club bathers, 8880
approx.
* There are also electric and
medicated baths.
' [ncIudcsl299usersof medi-
cated baths.
'- Includes fees for medicated
baths, £591.
• Includes " additions to pre-
mises .ind stock," £24.
■ In classes.
■ Reduced price. 4id. and 3d.
Mond. to Tfauis., inclusive.
174
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES (
Name of Place
POPULA-
TION
Capital
Cost
•
Rate
AID
IN
TERMS
OF Id.
IN£
PERCENTAGES
SCALE OF
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
to
Expendi-
ture
Swimming Bath
Private
lees
Wasli-
Hotise
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
MUcel-
laneous
Male
Male
Female
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
Salaries,
etc.
Other
Items
Female
Children
1
2
3
4
5
6
'
8
14-6
9
10
U
IBl
13
IS
4d.
14
ld..F.'
U
s6d.,
3d.
16
VORKSHlBB.—continuf'i
C.B. l.etd^. —continued
Bramley
£
13,579
•l.S
15<5
..
•3
839
71^2
13-6
•3
»d.[3d.]
2d.
[lid.]
4d.[3d.]
2d.
[lid.]
s6d.,
3d.
York RH.
Jewess Bath .
14.954
«
•15
23-5
•
•*
1-4
«
75-2
«
■ 65-3
*
14-9
«
101
•4
*
24^8
•
4d.
Id., F."
s6d.,
3d., 2d.
s6d.,
3d., 2d.
*
School Bath-. '
Middlesbrough .
1U4.7«7
•
11.569
•02
•5
60-4
51^8
.. i39-6
3-0 432
•
44-1
22-5
•
30-0
•
32
604
.i4^8
(12:«),
Cd.,4d.,
3d., 2d.
(I2/6),
«d.>4d.,
3d., 2d.
(7/6),
3d., 2d.,
Id., id.'
5/4),<
6d.,4d.
.- (» ',
3/4),«
6d.,4d.
Sheffield S.
454,632
104,429
l^UO'
ra-j
47-5
Corporation Si.
7,860
■09
83-6
44
61 '9
41^3
25-2
269
64
381
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
Id., id.,
F.'
6d.,'
4d.,'
2d.'
Gd.,'
4d.,»
2d.'
AttercHOe* .
11,674
•114
640
9^0
270
438
27-3
25-3
3-5
730
2d., Id.
2d., Id.
Id., id.,
F.»
fld.,'
4d.,«
2d.'
4.1.'
Upperlhorpe .
9,449
•10
43-9
2-4
6S-6
498
20-4
22-3
1-f.
46-4
4d., 2d.
4d.,2d.
2d., Id.,
F.'
«d..'
4d.«
6d.,«
4d.'
Glossop Rd. .
32,771
•28
MS
92
400
55-6
2S-9
IBS
l^(i
00-0
Gd.,4d.,
2d.
Od.,4d.,
2d.
2d., Id.,
F.'
6d..'
4d.'
Gd./
4d.''
175
APPENDIX I
Turkish
Baths
Childrer. I MaIc
6d.
4d.
re.
male
Wash-
House
Per
First 'Subse-
Hour I quent
' Hour
I' I 1'
I
1/.
1/6
AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
(May to September)
Swiraniing
Bath
Private
Baths
Fe-
male I
Wash.
House
Fe.
male
SUM «»| H4' 84
80
4 85
9 85
6 I 85
84 > 84 85
85
85
85
(October to April)
Swimiuing
Bath
Clo
Clo
Fe-
male
Bed
sed
72
IIIHnU
(2)78
78
Private
Baths
72'
Fe.
male
60
79
79
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe- 1
male ,
• • •
4 16
Fe.
male
Sum-
iiier
• « •
1 12
3 6
3 7;
15 22
37
Estab-
lish-
MHNT
1884
added to
1869
recon-
'tructei
1910
1879
altered
1014
1896
:i.ided t<
1898
and
1010
' In classes.
^ In classes.
' Rents.
' Exclusive of rents and loan
charges.
' Under Baths Committee.
' Includes washing towels
and costumes, £81.
' Coal bunker.
' In classes.
• For 20 tickets.
" Seasons not defined.
Education Committee pro-
vide instruction.
Bathing figures for 1913-14
unduly low, owing to
several baths being closed
for alterations.
Baths kept open after hours
for clubs, i.e. from 8 to 9.30
P.M., on payment of 9/,
admitting 80 members ;
figures of club bathers for
1914 calculated in maxi-
mum, hence inflated; in re-
turns for 1915 this method
has given place to that of
counting individuals.
' Cost of central administra-
tion borne by cleansing de-
partment, and not charged
against the baths' account;
includes bank interest,
capital works executed out
of revenue, etc., £1108, not
allocated below.
' Includes club bathers, 3660
approx.
- Includes washing towels, £5
' Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £48.
* In classes
^ Reduced price,4Jd.andSd.,
Monday to Thursday in-
clusive.
" Excludes soap.
' Bath closed from Nov. to
March for alterations.
- Includes club bathers, 7920
approx.
'' In classes.
' 6d. reduced to 4id., 4d. to
3d., Monday to Thursday |
inclusive. |
' Excludes soap. |
' Includes club bathers, 8400
approx.
- Includes "additions to pre-
mises and stock," £17. ■
■■ fn classes. I
' Reduced price. 4}d. and 3d. !
Monday to Thursday, in- 1
clu>ivc.
' Inchides club bathers,'
25,680 approx. I
' Includes club bathers, 8880 I
approx. I
^ There are also electric and ;
iiicdicAted baths.
' I iuUkIcs 1299 users of medi-
cated baths.
■ hichidcs fees for medicated
baths, £591.
• Includes" additions to pre-
mises and stock," £24.
■ In classes.
* Reduced price, 4|d. and 3d.
Mond. to Thurs., inclusive.
176
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMIN(
BAIHS
SLIPPER AND SPRAY BATHS
Na.ML of PLACh
POPt.'LA-
Nlllllt.lT
Area
Ilatlier-
Number
Bathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spra)
Fem.iles
only
Ti.lal
Length
Breadth
Xt.>le
l-enwlr
Tnlal
M.-,le
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
YORKSHIRE.— confiniitrf
C.B. Sheffield S.—conl.
Brightside
1
2
3
4
t
■
7
S
9
10
10
11
U
IS
14
16
1
ft.
75
ft.
30
40,020'
4,900
44,920 '
14
24
19,021
616
19,637
1359
62
Park Baths
1
75
30
49,381'
5,734
55,115'
16
4
20
11,411
1297
12,708
713
324
Heeley Haths ,
1
75
30
09,858>
8,004
77,857 '
19"
7«
20
14,323
1615
15,938
754
231
Rivelin Valley
York .
St. George's
Baths
82,282
40,000
approx.
2
4
2
300
90>
75
69
110
70'
25
25
10,489
•
38,469
646
20,512
11,034
•
53,981
••
21
16'
>
•
•
•
8,512
5,574
40
34
5
8 ■
Ycarsley (New)
Baths
40,000
approx.
■■
1
150
.-|0
78,250
23,920
102,170
..
.-.
2,491
447
2,938
58
8
Yearsley (Old)
Messrs. Rown-
tree. P
MarygateSwim-
mingBath. P
M.B. Ballpy
3fl]380
1
1
2 '
2
300
33
..
75
80
20
12
12
30
24
* 1
*
V
* 1
39]i47
38'
12
20
i2
58
24
240
daily av.
7,694
1000
weekly
av.
1497
9,191
• •
641
125
Beverley
13,654
1
48
21
«
•
8,615
5
«
•
2,460
49
2
Brighouse' .
20.843
1
76
SO
27,331
12.648
39,979
..
14
8.163
4089
12,261 •
87 ;8
Public Baths .
I
76
30
27,331
12,648
39,979
10'
6,740
736
7.495
74
9
Cottage Baths
••
4'
1,425
3334
4,766=
119
1
Doncaster' .
30,.516
1
•
•
30,156
17
4
21
*
•
31,966
132
2
Central Baths
1
PO
40
•
•
30,156'
17"
4"
15
•
«
23,852
159 0
1
Branch Baths
••
__
6
6
•
*
8,114
135
2
177
APPENDIX I
TL'KKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Accoiii-
moda-
tion
5t 1391 275 16G6
• T 2343
TOTAL ATTENDANCE
Male Female Total
59,041' 5,510 64,557'
60,792' 7,031 67,823 '
85,567^
9,894 95.461 '
10,489 545 11,034
80,741 24,367 105,108
51,019
Attendance per lOOO
OF Population
35.496 16,737 52,240
34,071 13,403 47,474
1,425 3,334 4,700 »
Private
Baths
Total
including
Turkish
and
Rusbian
252
631 180 811
1918 ] 588 250ti
• (i2,122 • 1048
54,008'
Wash-houses
Accommodation
Mangling
Ironing
'"'J^r EST.,,.
1880
added to
1883
1909
1800
1876
I since
added
to.
• includes club bathers, 7920
appros.
' Includes "additions to pre-
mises and stock," £18.
^ In classes.
• 6d. reduced to 4jd., 4d. to
3d., Monday to Thurbday
inclusive.
' Includes club bathers,
14,000 appros.
' Includes towel-washing,
£227; heating library, £17.
" Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £11.
• In classes.
" Reduced price, 3d. Mon-
day to Thursday inclu-
sivt.-.
' Includes 17,440 club-
bathers, appros.
* Includes 2 sprays.
^ " Additions to premises and
stock."
* In classes.
* Reduced price 4^d. and 3d.,
Monday to Thursday in-
clusive.
' Spray-
^ For boys.
' Includes towel-washing, £8.
' Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes fees for spray.
' Exclusive of site.
* In classes.
^ Excludes soap.
* Two under 8 years bathing
together.
' Includes April and Oct.
* Excludes soap.
' Two under 8 years bathing:
together.
' No record kept.
- Open all day.
' Depth 3' to 4 : also 3
smaller baths.
^ Includes 34 sprays.
' Towel and soap provided.
' Education Committee pay
class fee.
- Exclusive of health insur-
ance, charged to general
fund.
' Excludes soap.
* Seasons not defined. (
' Com Exchange, of wfaicb '
baths form a part. '
' Seasons not defined.
^ Baths open 3 part-days.
Education Committee pay ,
class fee.
» Figures 1914 15.
* Includes 7 babies.
1 Includes 2 sprays.
' 36 tickets.
' Spray.
* For women and children.
* Includes 7 babies.
* Cost of adaptation.
* Figures 1914-15.
' Excludes 94 season ticket-
holders, admissions unre-
corded.
' Includes 1 spray.
* Includes fees for sprays.
* From surplus borough funtl;
no rate levied.
* Represents rate. ;
» Spray. '
* Seasons not defined.
2g
178
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
1 ■
■
INCOME
Bath Fees
Wash-
house
PAY-
MENTS
RENT
FOR
Premises
MiSCELI-ANEOUS
TOTAL
Receipts
i
Name of place
POPULA-
TinN
Swim-
ming
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
Bath
Hire by
Clute,
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
JLessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Total
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Tol.ll
; YORKSHIRE.— confinunJ
1 C.B. Sheffield S.— conl.
Brigbtside
1
3
S
4
6
«
7
S
9
10
11
12
13
14
U
16
284
£
341
/
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
624
£
£
£
38
£
£
1
£
39
£
663
Park Baths
311
194
505
44
245'
288
794
Heeley Baths .
449
289
1
83
822
59
1
6U
882
Riwlin Valley
13
13
13
York .
St. George's
Baths
82,285
40,00(
approx
180
90 »
*
5
•■
274
8
16
24
353
298
Yeaisley (New)
Baths
40,00(
approz
37
37
14
5
18
55
YearaleylOld)
Messrs. Rown-
tree. P
::
Marvgate Swim-
ming Bath. P
M.B. Batlpy
selsso
213
122
86
5
426
*
*
38
464
Beverley
13,654
•
•
••
••
•
•
*
*
•
60
Brighouse' .
20,843
■•
428
PubUc Baths .
284
102
•■
••
••
386
20
20
400
Cottage Baths
••
22
■•
22
•■
22
Doncaster' .
;!0,.'il(
..
Central Baths
1
387
432*
•
146
916
916
Branch Balhs
179
APPENDIX I
Deficit
MET BY
Assess-
M ENT
£
1018
TOTAL
Income
£
1682
1917
1074
1050
S5
08
545
SOS
264
502
241
298
40
40
1037
UtM
1S2
247
57.S
lono
5^:!
020
55
77
570'
14SG
EXPENDinrRE
Charges for Premises
Rents
:iii(l
Loan
Chanjes
Rates,
Taxes,
Insur-
ance
04
387
12
168
10
17
106
88
5
75
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
£ £ £ £
605 153 163 920
168
133 1121
10 ; 26
89
Bath upkeep
39
84
23
1
65
8
4»«
19
Salaries
anil
Wages
Heating
and
LiKhting
23
24
£
387
£
268
405
275
457
312
75
34
336'
223
41
603
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
120
35 94
181
38
120
13
223
167 ; 8
45 ' ,.
28 1 32
MISCELLANEOUS
£ £ £ £
19 55 729
53 794
33 811
70'
21 I 458
232
34
23 715
139
Printing
and
-Station
£
G
Other
Items
25 428
i
4 : 58
320 ; 8 73 '1221
16'
21
Total
Expend [■
TUKE
ESTAH.
LISH-
MFNT
£
1682
898
562
290
40
1502
247
1006
929
77
1880
added lo
1883
1909
I860
191^
lui::
1876
since ^
added
Mon-
inclu-
club-
' Includes club bathers, 7920
approx.
^ Includes "additions to pre-
mises and stock," £18.
^ la classes.
* 6d. reduced to 4^d., 4d. to
3d., Monday to Thursday
inclusive.
' Includes club bathers,
14,000 approx.
" Includes towel-washing,
£227; heatinglibrary.£17.
^ Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £11.
* In classes.
* Reduced price, 3d
Jay to Thursday
sive.
' Includes 17,440
bathers, approx.
^ Includes 2 sprays.
^ " Additions to premises and
stock."
* In classes.
^ Reduced price 4Jd. and 3d.,
Monday to Thursday in-
clusive.
' Spray.
* For boys.
" Includes towel-washing, £8.
' Includes 1 spray.
- Includes fees for spray.
' Exclusive of site.
* In classes.
' Excludes soap.
* Two under 8 years balhiug
together.
' Includes April and Oct.
* Excludes soap.
* Two under 8 years bathinf:
together.
^ No record kept.
- Open all day.
' Depth 3' to 4 ; also 3
smaller baths.
' Includes 34 sprays.
^ Towel and soap provided.
' Education Committee pay
class fee.
- Exclusive of hc;Uth insur-
ance, charged to general
fund.
' Excludes soap.
* Seasons not dc&ued.
' Com Exchange, of which
baths form a part.
' Seasons not defined.
^ Baths open 3 part-days.
Education Committee pay
class fee.
> Figures 1914 15.
' Includes 7 babies.
' Includes 2 sprays.
* 36 tickets.
« Spray.
* For women and children.
' Includes 7 babies.
* Cost of adaptation.
1 Figun-s 1914-15.
* Excludes 94 season tickel-
hoUiers, admissions unre-
corded.
' Includes 1 spray.
* Includes fees for sprays.
^ From surplus borough fund;
no rate k'\ied.
* Represt'nlb rale.
' Spray.
* Seasons not defined.
180
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
YOR KSHI RE.— <:o«(inu^<i
C.B. Sheffield S.—cotit.
Brightside
Park Baths
Heeley Baths .
Capital
' COST
POPULA
TION I
£
13,618
14,150
13,793
Rivelin Valley
St. George's
Baths
Yearsley (New)
Baths
Ytarsley (0«)
Messrs. Rown-
tree. P
Marvgate Swim
m'ingBath. P
M.B. Batley
Beverlev
82,285
40,00(
approx
40,0(X
approx
1,624
9,382
9,082
RATE
AID
IN
Terms
OF Id.
IN jC
•13
■3
approx
Brighouse '
Public Baths .
Cottage Baths
Doncaster' .
Central Baths
Branch Baths
30,.il(
300
9,784
3,935
5,700
PERCENTAGES
Ualh
Fees
Wash- [Other
House Items
26-3
42-0
48-8
'84
145 • -2
I 3,139
28-4
41-6
28-6
2-3
15-0
31
13-3
4-3
60
Rate
Aid
60'5
58-6
54-II
86-7
60-7
47-0
81-4
1000
Iixpenditure
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Salaries,
etc.
64-7 23-0
57-3
26-5
18-6
21-1 20-3
Other
Items
20'3
23'4
61-2
10-2
34-0 ; 47-5
15-0
2-5
2-2
690 51-6
73-7
67-5
66-3
71-4
43-7
53-6
24-7
25-3
Miscel-
laneous
Expendi-
ture
2-0 39-5
11 ' 41-4
2-0
530
22-4 25-2
33-2
240
63-2
221
221
13-3
39-3
530
186
Swimmuie Bath
4d.,2d. 4d.,2d.
4d. 2d. 4d.,2d.
2d., Id.,
F."
6d.,'
4d.«
4d.'
2d.,Xd.,l 4d.' 4d.'
F.«
4d.,2d. 4d.,2d.;2d.,ld., 6d.,' 6d.,'
F.« 4d.,' 4d.,'
I i 2d.' 2d.'
4d.,2d. 4d.,2d.; F.'
6d.,3d.'6d.,3d.'
■S I 30-9
26'7
6d.,3d.
2d.
28-6
F.
4d.,
[2d.], .
2d., 2d.
[Id.) [Id
3d.'
3d.'
4d., 2d., Id.
[2d.], Id.
6d.,3d.,i F.
2d. '
(7/),' (7/)," 2d., Id.
3d. 3d.
stSd.,
Sd.'
s6d.,
Sd.'
s6d., s6d.,
3d., 2d. 3d., 2d.
s4d.,
3d., Id.'
s4d.,
3d.,ld.'|
2d., Id.j
38-3'
16-9 40'6 1 41-6 '9
li., 3d., (id., 3d., Id.
lid. IJd.
I ..
6d., 3d., 6d., 3d.,
9d.' 9d.'
3d.
'
isl
APPENDIX I
Average hours per wi-^ek
CHARGES
STAFF
(May to September)
(October to April)
Turkish
Wash-
Swimming
Private
Wash
Swimmiuij
Private
W.ish.
Whole Time
Part Time
Total
Total
Baths
House
Batli
Baths
House
Bath
Batlis
House
or Juniors
m
Sum-
mer
Win.
ter
DATI'
or
,
1
ESIAII.
Remarks
LJSIl-
MEM
Per
Children
Male
Fe.
male
First
Hour
Subse-
quent
Hour
Male
Fe-
male
Male
Ic-
male
Male
Fe-
male
Male
male
Male
male
Male
male
17
18
19
20
21
22
«0
23
4
24
2S
83
26
27
28
4
29
79
30
79
31
32
33
34
30
^6
9
37
9
1890
.
83
75
3
G
* Includes dub bathers, 7920
appros.
•' Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £18.
^ In classes.
* 6d. reduced to 4id., 4d. to
3d., Monday to Thursday
inclusive.
78
6
85
85
72
6*
79
79
3
6
9
9
1904
* Includes club bathers,
14,000 approx.
* Includes towel-washing,
£227; heating library, £17.
' Includes " additions to pre-
mises and stock," £11.
* In classes.
'^ Reduced price, 3d. Mon-
day to Thursday inclu-
sive.
1/
1/
80
i
85
85
74
4
79
79
4
7
U
11
liWU
> Includes 17,440 club-
bathers, appros.
' Includes 2 sprays.
' " Additions to premises and
stock."
• In classes.
" Reduced price 4id. and 3d,,
I
Monday to Thursday in-
clusive.
* Spray.
75
14
Clo
sed
1909
' For boys.
' Includes towel-washing, £8.
3d.,«
74'
18'
74
18
do
sed
70
15
3
1
1
5
»
188U
' Includes 1 spray.
lid.'
added to
= Includes fees for spray.
1883
= Exclusive of site.
* In classes.
' Excludes soap.
* Two under 8 years bathing
together.
•
' Includes April and Oct.
lid.'
65
31
B5
31
44
20
57
27
i
1
2
2
1909
1 Excludes soap. ,
' Two under 8 years bathing: 1
together. i
• 2
• 1
1
1
ISOO
' Xo record kept.
• Open all day.
■■
«
6
6
' Depth 3' to 4 ; also 3
smaller baths.
^ Includes 34 sprays.
* Towel and soap provided.
l/,6d
l/,'6d
si*
60*
81 «
87*
64«
52*
64*
54 •
3
2
S
5
*
' Education Committee pay
class fee.
* Exclusive of health insur-
ance, charged to general
fund.
' Excludes soap.
* Seasons not defined.
«7«
15 =
67"
i:.'
• 3
«a
*3
* 8
1
1
1
3
1
1887
> Com Exchange, of which
baths form a part.
= Seasons not defined.
= Baths open 3 part-days.
Education Conunittee pay
class fee.
» Figures 1914 1.^.
1
' Includes 7 babies.
71
17
70
10
50
16
58
15
2
2
1
5
5
19i:;
> Includes 2 sprays. 1
' 30 tickets. !
» Spray.
Id., F.
16
10
1
1
1
191::
' For women and children.
' Includes 7 babies.
' Cost of adaptation.
> Figures 1914-15.
« Exclu<ies 94 season ticket-
holckrs, admissions unre-
r; on ltd.
Id.
72 •
21"
93
93
Op
en'
•
*
1-
IHVO
' Includes 1 spr.iy.
since -
* Includes fees for sprays.
3
6
6
ad.lcd
'■• From surplus borough fund;
to.
no rate K'\ied.
••
»3
tf3
..
•
•
J
• Represents rate.
■ Spray.
^
• Seasons not defined.
H
18^
A
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING BATHS
SLIPPER AND SPRAY BATHS
Name of place
POPULA-
TION
Number
Area
Bathers
Number
Ball.er>
Bathers per
Bath or Spr.iy
1-eniales
oiily
Tolal
Length
Breadth
Male
Female
Total
.Male
lemale
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
33,703
1
2
3
*
i
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
U
14
Iti
YORKSHIRE.— coK/tntt^ci
M.B. Harrogate
1
2
ft.
75
49
it.
30
23
Keighley '
43,487
1
100
30
31,570
9504
41,074
24
15,855
4495
20,380
84
9
Morley
i4,'iS2
2
66
75
24
30
23,341
5140
28,481
6
6
12
6,844
1815
8,659
1141
302
Ripon ' .
8.218
Private Baths
River Ure
V'
*
•
*
5
5
10
•
«
•
•
•
Scarborough
37,aJl
1
350
190
••
TODMORDEN
2i,4<J4
1
40
18
4,348 >
819'
5,167 '
4
787'
122 >
909'
22
7
\Vakefield
bl.nU
1
72
30
26,582
2481
29,063
11
10,090
232
10,322
93
8
U.D.C. BiiiKley .
18,759
••
i
16'
*
•
6,102
37
6
Castleford
23,UW1 '
2
75
2C
30
14
31,928
9167
41,095
6
5
11
2.980
233
3,213
497
47
Featberstoiie
14,374
2
75
25
30
15
14,665
3662
18,327
8
4
12
1,549
164
1,713
194
41
Goole
20,332
1
75
30
•
•
11,854
9
*
•
2,643
28
4
Norton
3,990
1
75
30
*
«
5,744
Saltburn .
3,322
••
'
75
30
•
•
*
7'
7'
14
•
•
742
5
3
tSelby
9,048
1
75
30
*
•
7,163
10
•
«
5,011'
•
•
Skipton .
12,977
2
75
300"
18
84'
•
*
15,795
4
2
6
•
•
1,096
18
3
Slaithwailc
.^),.108
1
75
24
•
*
12,374
5
7
12
•
«
3,443
28
7
183
APPENDIX I
TURKIi
H AND RUS.SIAN BaTHS
TOTAL ATTHNDANCK
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF Population
Wash-houses
Accom-
moda-
tion
1
Bathers
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
Accommodation
Washers
Washers
^taU
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
2i
25
26
27
2ti
29
30
•t
5079
1803
6882
52,534
15,802
68,336
944
409
1571
z
+
6835
•r
435
45
480
/
30,620
*
«
5,135 '
36,672
7,000
*
*
2,713
37,620
*
*
6,076 '
39,385
1173
..
564
357
*
200
1549
•
*
*
765
• -
■■
2t
•
•
647
«
•
6,659
320
355
••
3v
132
9
141
35,040
9,409
44,449
1780'
139'
1925'
2v
155
1
156
16,369
3,827
♦
20,196
14,497
1275
583
119 ' 1405
130 713
■•
.
•
5,744
1440
1440
*
«
*
223
•
2t
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
12,174
16,891
15,817
792
1217
2222
554
84
618
1345
1301
2840
2 H*
(
Date
OF
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
187(5
dded to
1915
1«7
cquired
1884
1905
Ided to
1913
1899
Ided ir
191
1900
;quircH
1909
1825
:quired
1894
For medical and spa treat-
ment.
' In classes.
' Figures ior lUlO.
- 13 washing machints.
^ Includes electric light bath
fets, £32.
' Excludes soap.
' includes vapour bath fees.
- Includes renewal of glass
roof, £147.
^ Instructor.
' Also spa baths foi medical
treatment.
' (Jpcu bathing-place.
- Open all day.
^ Gift for pavilion.
* Paid £10 for instructing
sch. children,
lo include hot and cold
shower baths, toilel-rooms,
etc., estimated cost, £1200.
' Excludes use of towel.
' No record of school
children.
- Included in school-build-
ing.
* In classes.
* School caretaker and wife.
36 tickets.
^ Instructors not provided.
' By Wakefield Public Bath>
Association,
' Includes 5 sprays.
- Includes £132 uiidifierenti-
ated.
' Spray.
* Seasons not de&ned.
' .\Iso serves outlying dis-
tricts.
- Closed fur 4 months.
' Education Committee pay
class fee.
- Includes £272 undifierenti-
ated.
' Seasons not defined.
* Education Coimnittee con
tribute 1/ for class of 20 :
no instruction provided by
baths management.
- Includes "stores," £7.
^ Includes site, £650.
* Boys only.
' Excludes 5 hrs. for schools ;
includes April.
* Excludt-S towel.
* In classes.
' Seasons not dehncd.
* Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes medicated b<*th
tees, massage, etc.
' Includes towel-washing,£22
' Excludes initial expenses.
£258.
* On deficit, £532, which in-
cludes capital expenditure
on initial expenses.
' Spray.
' Education Conmiittcc pay
class fee.
Includes lurkisli bathers.
Includes " soap, etc.," £16,
Seasons act defined.
Open air.
* In classes.
* Includes .April and October.
■ Nov. to .Mar., 12 hrs. per
week.
' .Assembly hall.
' For >tcam and water to
slaughter-house.
■ Includes April.
184
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
YORKSHl'RE.— continued
M.B. Harrogate
Keighley '
Morley
Ripon '
Private Baths
River Ure
Scarborough
TODMORDEN
Bath Fees
U.U.C. Biiigley
Castleford
Feathers tone
Goole
S or Ion
Saltbuni
tSelby
Skiptuu
Slaithwaitc ,
POPULA-
TION
Swim-
ming
33,703
43.487
Private Spray
24,282 24G
8,218
120*
37,201
^'^.Wi 52 15
ol.Sll 344 189
71
14,374 147 j 31
20,332 126
53
3,990
3,322
9,048
12,977
5,r,08
16
188
113
103
14
67
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
WASH-
House'
PAY-
MENTS
Tickets Hire by
not in-
cluded
in fore-
goinK
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
S^vim•
ming
Lessons
200'
12
I I
Con-
tribu-
tion for
Scliool
Cliildren
RENT
FOR
PREMISES
50 ! 1012
22
68
533
95
44 467
(il 243
•' 191
10
S74
292
MISCELLANEOUS
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
6
10
80
Soap
43
25
S
15
Otlier
Items
23' ! 7
TOTAL
RECEIPTS
49
6
15
185
APPENDIX I
EXPENSnUSE
Total
Expendi.
TURE
Deficit
MET BY
Assess-
Total
INCOME
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Bath upkeep
Miscellaneous
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
Rates,
Taxes.
Insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Total
Salaries
and
Wages
Heating
and
Lighting
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
and
Clean,
ins
Total
Printing
and
Station.
ery
Other
Items
Total
17
IS
19
20
21
22
23
21
26
26
27
28
. 29
30
31
32
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
1646
2998
1002
246
337
1585
643
569
57
62
50
1367
10
16
26
29y8
977
1379
422
114
208"
744
253
211
ao
50
635
1379
«
*
•
i •
*
«
*
*
*
•
•
«
«
•
* *
♦
*
•
•
*
«
*
*
•
«
*
*
•
•
49
120
« s
1
18
19
11
22
55
7
96
1
3
4
(
120
29
r)87
42
85
127
215
81
113
6
15
430
10
20
30
587
117
215
*
«
•
83
• *
*
•
*
«
•
•
1
216"
792
1271
481
77
67
626
340
197 44
1
16
636
•
•
8
1271
325
642
51
*
*
242
«
12
3
28
•
10
•
*
642'
340
537
221
4
31
257
115
101
18
•
16 »
280
1
1
537
r.9
7«
18
36
54
22
22
76
274'
056'
283
20
55
358
188
40
Ifi
20
*
286'
«
«
12
656'
427
678
3(10
(W
30
390
120
100
40
13
•
28S»
«
*
•
678
200
372
4G
3C
133
215
78
68
••
••
147
4
6
10
372
220
448
140
33
I
13
186
81
162
n
6
260
1
1
2
448
1
ESTAB-
USH<
MENT
1876
dded to
1915
1875^
. :quired
1884
IDUo
Ided to
1913
18Q0
Idcd I.
1912
1909
l82o
;q Hired
18U4
For medical and spa treat-
ment.
' III classes.
^ Figures tor 191G.
- 13 washing machiiiL>.
^ Includes electric light bath
fees, £32.
* Excludes soap.
^ Includes vapour balh fees.
■ Includes renewal of glass
rouf, £147.
^ Instructor.
' Also spa baths for medical
treatment.
' Open bathing-plact.
- Open all day.
-' Gift for pavilion.
* Paid £10 for instructing
sch. children.
lo include hot and cold
shower baths, toilet-rooms,
etc., estimated cost, £1200.
' Excludes u&c of towel.
' No record of school
children.
^ Included in school-build-
ing.
' In classes.
* School caretaker and wife. ;
36 tickets.
Instructors not provided.
3 By Wakeheld Public Bath^
Association.
Includes 5 sprays.
2 Includes £132 undifferenti-
ated.
^ Spray.
■ Seasons not dchned.
Also serves outlying dis- ,
tricts. I
" Closed fur 4 montlis.
Education Committee pay j
class fee.
Includes £272 undifferenti-
ated.
' Seasons not debned.
' Education Committee con-
tribute 1/ for class of 20 ; '
no instruction provided by '
baths management.
- Includes "stores," £7.
^ Includes site, £650.
* Boys only.
* Excludes 5 hrs. for schools;
includes .April.
' Excludes towel.
' In classes.
' Seasons not debned.
* Includes 1 spray. [
" Includes medicated iMtb '
fees, massage, etc. j
' Includes towel-washing, £2i I
* Excludes initial expenses, j
£258. I
' On deficit, £532, which in-
cludes capital expenditure
on initial expenses.
' Spray.
' Education Comuiillec pay
class f< t .
' Includes I urkish bathers.
' Includes " soap, etc.," £16.
* Seasons not defined.
' Open air.
* In classes.
* Includes .Xpiil md October.
* Nov. to Mar., V2. hrs. per
week.
' .-\sscmbly hall.
* For steam and water to
slaughter-house.
■ Includes April.
186
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name op Place
YORKSHIRE.— conrtMuerf
M.B. Harrogate
Keighley '
Morley
Ripon '
Private Baths
River Vre
Scarborough
TODMORDEN
Wakefield
U.D.C. BiuBley
Castleford
Featherstone
Goole
Notion
baltbuni .
tSelby
Skipton
Slaithwaitc ,
I'OPULA
TION
33,703
43,487
24,282
18,759
23,000
14,374
20,332
3,990
3,322
9,048
5,i"<U8
Capital
Cost
Rate
AID
IN
TERMS
OEld.
PERCENTAGES
SCALE OF
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
to
Expendi-
Swimming Bath
Private
Hath
1-ees
Wash.
House
I
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
Charge
for
fteinises
Upkeep
•Miscel.
laneous
Male
Female
Children
Male
Fem.-ile
Salaries,
etc.
Other
Items
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
16
£
Od.,4d.,
3d.
6d., 4d.,
3d.
Id.'
17.102
2-26
33-8
9^7
1^6
54'9
52-9
21-4
24-8
•9
45^1
4d., 2d.
4d., 2d.
2d., Id.
s6d.,
4d.,2d.«
s6d.,
4d.,2d.'
0,130
2'0
2C-5
2-5
70^8
54^0 "
18^4
27^7
29-1
(20/),
4d.,3d..
2d. ■
(15/),
4d.,3d.,
2d.
id.
s3d.
s3d.
4>
•
•
*
4r.o'
approx.
*
*
*
*
»
*
«
*
*
•
«
*
*
•
•
*
F.
6d.,3d.'
fid., 3d.'
F.
sl/,6d.
sl/,Od.
* »
■1
50'7
2^5
40^8
15-8
9^2
70^8
33
58-3
3d.
3d.
F.»
s4d.
.■: 4d.
2,222
*
9a^8
4-4
4-9
21-6
360
36-6
51
95-1
Od.,3d.,
2d., Id.
5d.,3d.,
2d., Id.
(2/6) '
s6d.,
3d.
s8d.,
3d.
*
■33
approx.
44-2
1-4
544
«
38-6
♦
♦
43-6
s6d.,
3d., 2d.'
s6d.,
3d., 2d.'
8,000
30
approx.
.30-7
•9
623
49-3
275
22-6
■0
37-7
Sd.,2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
Id.
sOd.,
4d.
s6d.,
4d.
i Gift
115
37-8
11 ^7
50^6
«
37-0
*
»
49^5
3d., Id.
3d., Id.
2d., Id.'
6d.,4d.
Od., 4d.
4,322 >
1-5
35-0
1-3
833
47^9
21-4
30-7
■2
36-9
(15/),
4d., 3d.
4d.
2d.,
Id.,'
id.«
s6d.,
4d.
s6d.,
4d.
500
•8
approx.
211
77-6
71 -1
28-9
21 -1
Id.'
Id.'
Id.,'
id.'
3,290*
3-0'
approx.
57-0
12
41^8
o4^G
28^7
14-9
1-8
58^2
0d.,4d.
6,1., 4d.
Id.
si/,'
8d.,4d.,
2d.
si/,'
6d.,4d.,
2d.
0.000
30
20^0
16-2
630
575
17^7
24-8»
*
370
4d.,3d.,
2d.
4d.,3d.,
2d.
2d., Id.'
s9d.,
6d., 3d.
s9d.,
6d., 3d.
600
■94
40-6
40
564
37-8
21-0
185
2-7
446
3d.
3d.
2Jd.,
Id.'
s3d.
s3d.
2,.''i74
■55
35-7
10^4
49^1
41 ••'i
181
40-0
•4
50'9
2d.
2d.
Id.
s4d.
s4d.
187
APPENDIX I
Turkish
Baths
1/.
6d.
Fe-
male
jd.
6d. Cd.
S3d.
s2d.
1/. V.
6d. 6d.
8d.
9d.,
8d.
9d.,
6d. 6d.
5 3d.
Wash-
House
IVr
I-irst Subse-
tlotir qiieiit
Hour
2d.
2d.
AVERAGE Hours per Week
(May to September)
Swiminiiig
Bath
92
Private
Baths
68
72
67'
75'
73
14' 87
he-
male
16
30
72
75'
72
Wash.
House
(October to April)
Swiniiniiii;
Batli
60 i 46
86
Clo
88
Ha
' Clo
Clo
Fe-
male
16
12
12'
sed
sed'
sed
82 •
• «
•
*
••|
16 >
94
04
U*
03
03
1
Clo
sed
Private
It:iths
Fe-
male
72
72*
73 I 73
wash
lluuse
60
35*
93
Whole Time
2 I 2
Fan Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Sum-
mer
5
1 4
1 2
6
• 6
2 2
187t'
added to
191
IJAIF.
OF
ESTAB-
USH-
M ENT
1873^
acquired
1884
i9Uo
added to
1913
1699
ddcd 1.
1912
1900
acqiiirpd
11)09
acquired
1894
For medical and spa treat-
ment.
' III classes.
* Figures lor 191G.
- 13 washing machines.
^ Includes electric light bath
fees, £32.
* Excludes soap.
' Includes vapour bath fees.
- Includes renewal of glass
rouf, £147.
•• Instructor.
' Also spa baths for medical
treatment.
' Open bathing-place
- Open all day.
* Gift for pavilion.
' Paid £10 for iuslructing
sch. children,
lo include hot and cold
bhower baths. toilel-rooms>
etc., estimated cost, £1200.
' Excludes use of towel.
' No record of school
children.
- Included in school-build-
ing.
'In classes.
* School caretaker and wife.
' 36 tickets.
^ Instructors not provided.
* By Wakefield Pubhc Bathb
Association.
* Includes 5 sprays.
' Includes £132 undifferenti- ,
ated.
' Spray.
' Seasons not defined.
' Also serves outlving dis- ,
tricts. I
- Closed for 4 months.
' Education Committee pay
class fee.
^ Includes £272 undifferenli-
ated.
' Seasons not defined.
^ Education Committee con-
tribute 1/ for class of 20 ; [
no instruction provided by '
baths management.
- Includes "stores," £7.
' Includes site, £650-
* Boys only.
^ Excludes 5 hrs. for schools ;
includes April.
* Excludes towel.
'In classes. ;
' Seasons not de&ucd.
* Includes 1 spray.
* Includes medicated bath
tees, massage, etc.
' Includes towel-washiug, £22
' iLXcludes initial expenses,
£258.
* On deficit, £532, which in-
cludes capital expenditure
on initial expenses.
* Spray. I
' Education Committee pay
class fee.
' Includes Turkish bathers.
' Includcb " suap. etc.," £16.
* Seasons not defined.
' Open air.
' In classes.
* Includes April and October.
* .Nov. to Mar., 12 hrs. per
week.
' .\sscnibly hall.
' I'or steam and water to
slaughter-house.
* Includes April.
188
UEPORT ON PUBLIC! BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Swimming Baths
SLIPPER AND
si'kav Baths
Name of I'lace
I'oPUI.A-
riON
Number
Are.1
Bathers
Number
llathers
llatlier^ per
Balh iir Si.r.i>
Females
only
Total
Lciiiftti
Brcadtli
Male
I'cmale
ToUl
Male
Female
Tolal
Maic
l-em.ilc
Tol.il
Male
Femal
11,350
1
3
3
4
ft.
21
12
S
14,370
6
4,35ti
7
18,732
t
9
10
11
13
13
14
IB
YORKSHIRE.— co.Uinu../
U.D.C. Sowerby Bridge
2
ft.
63
30
12
4,648
499
5,147
42
9
Spcnborough .
12,86(1'
2
60
30'
21
15 »
8.538
2,290
17,4U9'
13
7,097
!K1»
8,(X)0
61
6
WilluriMa '
2,278
1
108
4(1
• 1
« i
* 1
Woinliui'U '
17,530
2
75
30
30
15
39,680
12,624
62,204
8
4
12
3497
341
3,838
437
85
WALES.
C.\RN.\RVONSHlRli
M.B. Carnarvon
Sea-water Balk
Institute Baths
DENBIGHSHIRE
M.B. Wrexham .
0,110
18,877
1
1
1
250
60
96
27
•
12,909
•
•
489
lO.UUO
estimated
10,000
estimated
13,398
11
11
9
*
•
1,729
*
61
5,568
5,568
1,790
50
50
19
6
6
9
ULAMOKGANSHIR1-:
C.B. Cardiff
Corporatiuii
Baths
182,259
1
1
4
3
60
60
60
22
22
20
*
78,296
•
27,401
131,903
100,097
22
22'
6
6>>
28
28"
34,783
34,783
2867
2867
37,650
37,650
1581
1581
478
47S
lioiilh I'uik .
Swansea .
tMorrhton
Baths & Laun-
dry Coy. P
114,603
1
1
2
*
75
70
70
•
30
30
30
•
•
•
•
*
*
31,206
estimated
12,680
78,120
■■
17
•
•
11,070
65
1
U.D.C. Abcr.larc .
.'iO,830
1
75
35
•
•
14,430
harry '
;i:i,-63
••
••
1 Margani ,
1
14.Tl;i
1
IK)
:W
11,192
030
11,822
4
4
1,136
1,136
284
189
APPENDIX 1
ruRKisH AND Russian Baths
Total Attendance
Attendance per lOOO
OF Population
WASH-HOUSES
Vccoin-
moda.
tion
Balliers
Swimming
liath
Private
Baths
Total
including
Turkish
and
Ru5:ii.1il
Accommodation
Washers
Washers
per
Stall
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing
16
IT
IS
19
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27 ,
28
29
30
•
••■
•■
19,024
4855
23,879
1650
453
2103
lUlO
75
10S5
16,645
* I
43,177
*
*
•
3280
* 1
12,865
«
«
•
26,500'
56,042
*
10,000
estimated
5,568
1353
2977
622
210
610
2000
3196
•
2
+
••
• 5
••
14,G3S 550
15,188
729
97
826
••
••
••
2UT
4951
112U
U071
• *
175,024
724
206
963
,.
..
,.
20 1
4951
1120
GU71
ii3,o;iu
•
*
144,418
31,20 ti
estimated
^,
'
• *
12,680
111
..
111
1
1
••
12r
*
• :;72il
• •
92,910
••
••
•
•
14,430
284
284
■ •
•■
1
••
12,328
630
12,958
803
77
881
••
ESTAB-
■LISH-
•MRNT
I---
1880
3ded to
1914
1910
11905
1
11912
1900
pay
|1S62
iecon-
Iructed
!1896
913
884
902
aoo
ied t.
,>12
2 I
Education Committee
class fee.
' Seasons not defined.
Education Committee pay
class fee, and provide in-
struction.
* For ClecKheaton ; amalga- j
mated in 1915 to fonii
Spenborough.
" Children's bath.
' Includes 5461 sch. children.
and 1114 club bathers.
* Includes alterations.
* 24 weekly.
* In classes.
' Turkish.
* Vapour.
' Excludes drying-horse and
mangle.
'" Seasons not defined.
^ Owing to fire, statistics not
available.
' Sea-water bath.
^ Leased to Council for 999
years at pepper-corn rent,
Education Committee pay
class fee, and tuition.
* Figures for 1915-16.
^ Includes life-saving class
fees, £10.
' Not yet rated.
* In classes.
' Open 2 days a week,
Excludes towel.
* 4 months only.
* Includes pumping and
machinery supervision, £20
* Summer season only.
* Cost of open-air bath in-
cluded in park upkeep.
' Combined small slipper,
4' by 1' 9', and spray.
» Includes 1 Jewish mikrah
bath.
' Gymnasium fees.
* Includes for laundry work,
departmental. £76 ; inter-
est on leans fund, £93.
' Includes brushes.
' Includes gymnasium ex-
penses, £10.
' Includes use of gymnasium.
■ For C months.
' Boys only.
' Cost of open-air bath in-
cluded in park upkeep.
Open all day.
Per dozen tickets.
100 tickets.
Worked in connection with
Iaundr>'.
Education Committee pay
class fee.
' Includes washing towels, £1
' Charge for towel not stated.
' Deduct afternoon, women
only.
' Bathing pool on sands ;
school children receive
swimming ins^truclion.
' l-'or bowling green.
• Includes laundry work,£lO.
' Gift, £3500 ; loan for addi-
tions. £597.
' Season*; not defined.
^Additional help as required.
190
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
YORKSHIRE.— €o.>(t>m<-,(
U.D.C. Sowerby Bridge
Spenborouglj
fV'f7/vL.rHstfrt *
Woinbnell '
WALES.
, CARNARVONSHIRE
M.B. Carnarvon
Sea-water Bath
Institute Baths
I DENBIGHSHIRE
M.B. Wrexham .
GLAMORGANSHIRE
C.B. Cardiff
Corporation
Baths
BATH FEES
Swiiii-
ming
11,350
12,88U
2,278
17,536 *89
£
134
79
18,37'
Koitlh I'liik .
Swansea .
XMorrisioit
Baths &Laun-
dr>' Coy. P
U.D.C. Abct.tarc
Hatty '
Margani
50,83
33,76 ■ ■
14,71 89
122
1033
60
64
60
41
16
Spray
Season
rurkish j TitkeL-.
and
Russian
375
lot in.
eluded
in fore-
Romg
Bath
Hire by
Swim.
Clubs.
iinng
Galas.
Lessons
etc.
«
7
£
£
1
■■
24
Con-
tribu-
tion for
Scliool
Children
62 »
£
203
214
44
66
230
2059
WASH-
HOUSE
Pay.
MENTS
Rent
FOR
Premises
MlSCKLLAMEOUS
31
1 owels
and
Cos-
Other
Items
£
12
14
41"
92
8
7
23
41
«
•
S
17
•
169'
•
•
14'
8
7
192
•
•
3
31
191
APPENDIX I
t FICIT'
I i-:t by I Total
ASSESS- ir^cOMI-:
MENT
£
100
£
316
799 1059
11211 I74ti
■J.I 3013
EZPENDITVRE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Kenls
and
Loan
Charges
295
Kates.
TAXCb.
Insur-
ance
Re- I
iicwalb ;
and I
Repairs
£
37
40
£
26
Z3X'
£
63
567
554 * • 557
•
*
*
250
29
15
672
109
346
295
1128
88 '325 38 25 12
Bath Upkeep
Salaries ; Heating
aiKl ami
Waj^es Lighting
£
111
£
85
180
Soap
and
Clean-
Waltr
and
Cos-
tumes
ing
29
26
27
£
£
£
48
9
59
12
£
253
400
61 58 I 23
23
95
107
56
18 311
•1 219
19 25
44'
32
Education Committee pay
1059 , class fee.
' Seasons not defined.
1889 Education Committee pay
Idded to class fee, and provide in-
1914 struction.
' For Clecyieaton ; amalga-
mated in 1915 to fonn
Spenborough.
' Children's bath.
» Includes 5461 sch. children,
and 1114 club bathers.
• Includes alterations.
• 24 weekly.
" In classes.
' Turkish.
' Vapour.
• Excludes drying-horse and
mangle
'• Seasons not defined.
* Omng to fire, statistics not
available.
' Sea-water bath. i
" Leased to Council for 999
years at pepper-com rent.
, 1914 Education Committee pay
class fee, and tuition.
' Figures for 1915-16.
' Includes life-saving class
fees, £10.
' Not yet rated.
* In classes.
* Open 2 days a week.
Excludes towel.
* 4 months only.
' Includes pumping and
machinery supervision, £20
^ Summer season only.
* Cost of open-air bath in-
cluded in park upkeep.
1862 ' Combined small slipper,
econ- 4' by 1' 9*, and spray,
ructed ' Includes 1 Jewish mikrah
1896 bath.
' Gymnasium fees.
* Includes for laundry work,
departmental, £75 ; inter-
est on leans fund, £93.
' Includes brushes.
* Includes gymnasium ex-
penses, £16.
' Includes use of gymnasium.
■ For 0 months.
' Boys only.
' Cost of open-air bath in-
cluded in park upkeep.
913
884
XM)
ed I'
n2
' Open all day.
' Per dozen tickets.
* 100 tickets.
^ Worked in cooQection with
l.iundr>'.
Education Committee pay
class fee.
' Includes washing towels, £1
' Charge for towel not stated.
' Deduct afternoon, women
only.
* Bathing pool on sands ;
school children receive
swimming instruction.
' For bowlint; Kreen.
■ Includes I.iuiidr>* work, £10.
> Gift, £3500 : loan for addi-
tions, tTA*?.
Seasons not defined.
Additional help as required.
192
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
I YORKSHIRE.— coii/»nuf,<
U.D.C. Sowerby Bridge
Spenborougli
Wombvvcil '
WALES.
CARNARVONSHIRE
M.B. Carnarvon
1 Sca-walft Bath
Institute Baths
DENBIGHSHIRE
M.B. Wrexham .
I GL.\MORGANSHlRE
I C.B. Cardig
Corporation
Baths
Roath Path
Swansea .
XMorriiton
Baths &. Laun-
dry Coy. P
U.D.C. Abcr.iarc .
Harry '
Margani .
Capital
COST
POPUL,
TION
U,35c! 6.018
18,37 j *•''•'•'
182 2: ^•Ui't'
18,'JUU
50,8
14,7
1,187
714
4,097
Rate
Aid
IN
TF.R.MS
OF Id.
IN£
•48
•33
Pekcentage.'^
Expenditure
Ualli ' Wash-
Fees House
Other I R.ite
Items Ail)
64^2 ' ..
202 2-9
68^3
31-6
76-4
'^'fo?' Upkeep
7_
19-9
53-5
■•^•ilaries Other
etc. I Items
Miscel-
laneous
1-1 i 62^2 I 47-0
26-«
7-7 239 37-4 32-5
11-4 ' 57-1 l31^4
29
15-2 71-7
13-0!
32^0 . . ! 87-8 i 30-2 I 22-8 I 43^1 24-3 98
Hxpendi'
lure
20-4 23-7 2^4 24^5
761
128^6
137-0
Swimming Bath
Male I Female Children Male Female |
3d., 2d., 3d., 2d.,
[Id.] [Id.]
3d.
Id. 4d. 2d., Id.'
2d., Id., s6d.,
: 3d.
sOd.,
3d.
ld.,id.*| s3d. I s3d.
3d.» i 3d.'
(7/6),' , (7/6),' (5/),'
I>d.,4d.,i6d.,4d., Id.
2d. 2d.
(21;),' (10/),' 3d
lid.[3d.]4d.[3d.],2d.,ld.»
3d. [2d.]
3d., Id.
F.
3d., Id.
F.
3d., 2d. '3d., 2d,
(4/6),' (4/0),'! (12/)"
6d.,2d. 6d.,2d.;
s4d.
s6d.,
4d.
s 6d.,
3d.
6d.,3d.
3d.
s6d.,
4d.
s4d.
6d.,3d.
Id.'
Id.' Id."
2d. 2d. Id.
3d.
193
APPENDIX I
Turkish
Baths
Cliil-
. Fe-
I male
18 i 19
2d. !/,» 1/,'
!9d.," |9d.,<
fid. ' 6d.
Wash-
House
First
Hour
4d.»
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
Average Hours per week
{May to September)
Swiniining Private Wash.
Bath Itaths House
Fe-
male
62' 12 »
70" 16"
r>9»
1/6, 1/6,
1/ '
2/ 2/
Fe-
mnle
12
(October to April)
Swimming Private Wash
Bath Baths llousi
(1)G
nasi
(2)62
Clo
ym-
12
sed"
79 79
9 ! 88
74 S 60 M
87 87
87
63
88'
63
83
Qo
Fe.
male
Fe.
niale
00
87
ao
sed
Op
(1)
Gym.
(2)74
43
74 47
15
Clo
61
Clo
sed
15
sed
15
54 <
Hall* 06
I I
~2ir
Fe-
male
Part Time
or juniors
Fe.
male
Sum-
mer
KSTAB.
l.ISH-
.MFNT
1870
1889
added to
1914
1914
1906
1912
1900
1862
recon-
structed
189ti
pay
2»
1913
1900
added t
1912
Education Committee
class fee.
' Seasons not defined.
Education Committee pay
class fee, and provide in-
struction.
' For Cleckheaton ; amalga-
mated in 1915 to fonu
Spenborough.
' Children's bath.
* Includes 5461 sch. children.
and 1114 club bathers.
* Includes alterations.
* 24 weekly.
^ In classes.
' Turkish.
' Vapour.
' Excludes drjing-horse and
mangle.
"* Seasons not defined-
' Owing to fire, statistics not
available.
* Sea-water bath.
' Leased to Council for 999
years at pepper-corn rent.
Education Committee pay
class fee, and tuition.
' Figures for 1915-16.
* Includes life-saving class
fees, £10.
' Not yet rated.
* In classes.
* Open 2 days a week.
Excludes towel.
4 months only,
* Includes pumping and
machinery supervision, £20
* Summer season only.
' Cost of open-air bath in-
cluded in park upkeep.
' Combined small slipper,
4' by 1' 9*, and spray.
" Includes 1 Jewish mikrah
bath.
' Gymnasium fees.
* Includes for laundry work,
departmental, £75 ; inter-
est on loans fund, £93.
" Includes brushes.
* Includes gymnasium ex-
penses, £16.
' Includes use of gymnasium.
■ For C months.
" Boys only.
' Cost of open-air bath in-
cluded in park upkeep.
* Open all day.
' Per dozen tickets.
» 100 tickets.
^ Worked in connection with
laundry.
Education Committee pay
class fee.
' Includes washing towels, £1
' Charge for towel not slated.
" Deduct afternoon, women
only.
' Bathing pool on sands ;
school children rccetvi*
swimming instruction.
' For bowling green.
' Includes laundry \vork, £10.
» Gift, £3:>IH> ; loan (or addi-
tions, £597.
* Seasons not defined.
* Additional help as required.
194
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAMIi OF PLACE
GLAMORGANSHIRE— «»i
U.D.C. Ogmote and Garw
Rhondda .
(FemdaleWork
men's Insti-
tnte)'. P
Glamorgan Col-
liery : Work-
men's. P .
FOPULA-
■rioN
Swimming Baths
Females
only
MONMOUTHSHIRE
C.B. Newport .
Stow Hill
tinned
26,741 '
15,488
162,781
15.000
approx.
83,691
Alexandra Rd.
SCOTLAND.
ABERDEENSHIRE
R.B. Aberdeen S.
P.Il. reterhead
1 AYRSHIRE
P. Saltcoats
ri.ACKMANNANSHIRE
P. Alloa"
103,891
13,813
8,565
11,893
Len^b
ft.
75
79
52
60
ft.
25
25
25
90
35
45
24
87"
28*
300
300
approx
approx.
75
32
91,000 15,000
5,898
31,805
8,977
59,733
59,733
Slippfr and Spray baths
Male Female
109,000
39,380
17,900
12
33
16
Female Total
11 12 13
18'
28
18"
1,896
16,300
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
27
12,594
4,558
8,036
18,600
2,700
815
287
8,184
46S
195
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Accom-
moda-
tion
Mak- Female. Toial
16 IT 18 I 19
llT
Ut
4079
4079
3000 400 3400
320
•t 1 1212 350 1508
TOTAL ATTE.NDANCE
Female i Total
i.89S
33,701
76,406
68,370
8,036
113,300 17.700 I 131.000
* • 15,404
3fl.380
27,061 '
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF POPULATION
Swimming
Bath "
2054
Total
Private 'nc'u^.'nff
Uaths I Turkish
ana
Russian
150
113
198 =
4587
ir.oo
688
799
4587
2326
Wash-houses
Accommodation
Stalls Mangling
Ironinp
Washer
per
Stall
Estab-
LISH-
M ENT
1905
1885
1909
1890
1910
1896
idded V
1898
1899
iidded I.
I 1914
I 1808
* Population of area served
by establishmeat com-
puted at 12,000.
' Excludes towel.
^ In classes.
* June to September.
^ Gymnasium fees.
Gymnasium expenses.
» Includes -ift, £3000.
* Hot salt batb.
* 6 tickets.
* Elementary school children,
in classes of 30. Girls, £3 ;
boys, £2, lOs. per season.
' Seasons not defined.
* Figures, June to September
1916.
* Not used.
* Cannot be difierentiated
from expenditure for in-
stitute.
Coal only.
Arrangements made with I
Educational Committee for |
200 children to bathe per
day.
* Includes fees for Jewish
and medicated baths un-
differentiated, £14.
■ Gymnasium, £50 ; Assem-
bly room and hire of chairs, j
£83.
3 Includes "entertainments'
and refreshments," £40.
> Sprays.
' Includes fees for sea-shore
bathins, £100.
- Includes rent of ground let
for entertainments, £323 ;
receipts from refreshment
rooms, £1147.
= Excludes insurance, in-
cluded under col. 30,
• Incl. insurance and supplies
to refreshment rooms,£834.
' Deficit met from Common
Good Fund.
• 6 tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
• Includes refreshment room
staff, 3.
' Sell, Board provides tuition.
' Population increased to
20.000 approx, during fish-
ing season.
• Open air.
• Includes 1 spray.
» Includes proportion of
general a dniinist ration ex-
penses, £8 ; and payments
unditlerc-iitiated, £43.
' Excludes towel.
' Seasons not defined.
' Incl. legal exi»cnses, £23 ;
and general expenses £76.
' Excludes towel.
» Includes gynmasium and
billiard room.
' l^xcludps 2 sprays reser\-cd
for subscribers.
' Fxci. users of spray baths.
• Excludes lesson ices and
bathing clothing, £6, in-
cluded under col. 16.
' Gymnasium .iiid billiards.
• interest and endowment.
' Includes general suppUes.
2k:
196
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
IHOOME
Bath fees
Wash-
house
Pay-
ments
RENT
FOR
PREMISES
MISCELLANEOUS
Total
Receipts
NAM!-: OF PLACE
POPl'LA-
IION
Swim,
iiiing
Private
Spray
Turliish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
. eluded
in fore-
going
Batli
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
mintr
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Tntni
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
Other
Items
Total
1
2
3
*
e
6
7
8
9
10
■ 11
12
13
1*
16
16
GLAMORGANSHIRE.— COT
U.D.C. Ogmore atui Garw
linued
20,741 •
£
19
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
19
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
19
Penarth .
15,488
347
32
10
•■
389
128'
6
1
7
524
Rhondda .
(FemdaleWork
men's Insti-
tute) ■. P .
162,781
15,000
approx.
66
66
12
■•
12
78'
Glamorgan Col-
liery ; Woik-
inen's. P ,
m
•
•
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
MONMOUTHSHIRE
C.B. Newport .
Stow Hill
83,691
127S
89
412
•■
•"•
••
1790'
133'
45
67 •
102
•
2025
Alexandra Rti.
•
1
•
•
-•
•
•
*
SCOTLAND.
ABERDEENSHIRE
R.B. Aberdeen S.
163,891
835
561
156
"
••
16B3'
78
1561"
1628
3281
P.B. Peterhead
13,013 >
87
89
16
••
172
••
11
12
184
AYRSHIRE
P. Sallcoals .
8,586
195
195
60
4
54
249
CLACKMANNANSHIRE
P. Alloa '
11,893
239
149
40
109
•
537'
458 •
•
151'
151
1162
197
APPENDIX I
DnFICIT
AIET BY
ASSESS-
MENT
Total
INCOME
£
22
234
2269
503 3784
231 415
48 268
65 I 1217
EXFENSITUKE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
Rates,
and
Taxes.
L'oan
Insur-
Charges
ance
19
20
£
£
145
63
14
« 3
*
•
523
ao8
•
«
Re.
newals
and
Repairs
60
76
22
£
671
144 > ' 605
124 • 16
100
18
1320 ■
8
71
101 190
Bath Upkeep
Salaries
and
Wages
£
22
Heating
and
Lighting
21
16'
826 315
767
677
137
90
707
100
146
Towels I Soap
and I ana
Cos- j Clean-
tumes ing
20
* •- *
60 44 63
£
22
419
36'
1002
Miscellaneous
Printing
and
Station-
ery
Otller
Items
5 i 161 ■
953'
25
TOTAL
Expendi-
ture
I Est All.
LISH-
MHN'l
£
22
1905
1909
2259
1890
3784
1896
idded t(
1898
1809
;iddcJ t<
1914
298'
1217
* Population of area served
by establishment com-
puted at 12,000.
' Excludes towel.
^ In classes.
* June to September.
' Gymnasium fees.
- Gymnasium expenses.
» Includes Rift, £3000.
* Hot salt bath.
^ 6 tickets.
* Elementary school children,
in classes of 30. Girls, ^'i ;
boys, £2, 10s. per season.
' Seasons not defined.
* Figures, June to September
1916.
2 Not used.
* Cannot be difierentiated
from expenditure for in-
stitute.
* Coal only.
Arrangements made with
Educational Committee for
200 children to bathe per
day.
* Includes fees for Jewish
and medicated baths un-
differentiated, £14.
"Gymnasium, £50; Assem-
bly room and hire of chairs,
£83.
' Includes "eatertaioments'
and refreshments," £40.
' Sprays.
' Includes fees for sea-shore
bathins, £100.
- Includes rent of ground let
for entertainments, £323 ;
receipts from refreshment
rooms, £1147.
' Excludes insurance, in-
cluded under col. 30.
• Incl. insurance and supplies
to refreshnient rooms,£834.
^ Dclicit met from Common
Good Fund.
• 6 tickets.
' Seasons not defined.
• Includes refreshment room
staff, 3.
' Sch. Hoard provides tuition.
' Population increased to
2(1,000 approx, during fish-
ing season.
' Open air.
• Includ'^s I spray.
• Includes proportion of
general ad mioist ration ex-
penses, £3 ; and payments
uridiffen-ntiated, £43.
• Excludes towel.
' Seasons not defined.
' Incl. legal expenses, £23;
and (general expenses £70.
' ii^xcludes towel.
' Iiichi(i-'S gymnasium and
billiard room.
' I'lxrhiilcs 2 sprays reserved
for subscribers.
' Excl. users of spray baths.
• Excludes lesson fees aod
bathing clothing, £0, in-
cluded under col, 16.
' Gymnasium and billiards.
• Interest and endowment.
' Includes general supplies.
198
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Capital
Cost
rate
Aid
IN
Phrcentages
SCALE OF
OF Id.
in£
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
Swimming Bath
Private
POPULA-
Expend!.
TION
nath
Fees
Wash-
House
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel- ,
laneous
Male
Female
Childien
Male
Female
Salaries,
etc.
Other
Items
1
£
000
Z
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
GLAMORGANSHIRE.— «o»
U.D.C. Ogmore and Garw
inucd
26,741 :
82-6
17-4
100-0
82-0
Id.'
ld.= »
id.''
Penarth .
15,488
8,262 »
•8
45-7
15-8
38-6
31-3
34-7
14-4
19-6
61-0
(10/0,
[6/6],
5/).
5d.,3d.
(8/6),
5d.,3d.
(6/6,3/)
3d.,ld.«
9d.,'
ed., 3d.
sd/).'
9d.,«
6d., 3d.
Rhondda .
(FeradaleWork
162,781
men's Insti-
tute)'. P .
15,000
approx.
*
4d.,2d.
4d., 2d.
Id.
4d.,3d.
6d., 4d.,
Sd.
Glamorgan Col-
liery ; Work-
men's. P .
•
«
•
«
*
*
«
•
•
•
*
•
«
*
MONMOUTHSHIRE
C.B. Newport .
Stow Hill
88,091
•
12,2.''.0
•
•
T-yi
10-4
*
10-4
36-8
sli'n
21-4
fr3
*
89-fi
Cd.', 5d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
6d.', 5d.,
3d., 2d.,
Id.
id.
siik.,
4d.
s8d.,
4d.
Alexandra Rd.
..
•
•
«
•
•
•
•
*
*
*
tld.
sld.
SCOTLAND.
ABERDEENSHIRE
R.B. Aberdeen S.
103,891
17,643
t>
4:i-7
430
13-3
34-9 »
20-3
19-7
25-2
86-7
4d.,2d.
4d., 2d.
3d., Id.
s(5/,
2/6),'
1/, ad.
.1 (5/.
2/6).'
1/, 6d.
I'.B. iVterbead
13,013
3,360
1-33
41'4
2-9
56-7
•
33-0
*
♦
44-3
3d.
3d.
Id.'
s6d.
s6d.
AYRSHIRE
P. Saltctials .
8,685
1, 600
■31
05-4
18-1
161
•
30-2
•
•
83-0
(5/),
2d.»
(5/),
2d.>
(2/6.
l/6),ld.'
CL.'VCKMANNANSHIRE
P. Alloa'
ll,8il3
4(1,II(KI
approx.
441
1
BO-0
5-3
15-6
58-1
24-2
21
94-7
fid.. 3d.
Od., .3d.
2d.,
lid.
s8d.,
6d.,3d
s8d.,
6d.,3d.
199
APPENDIX I
Turkish
Baths
Fc
male
Wash-
House
First
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
3d.,
lid.
1/6
1/e
8(i-
1/ 1/
AVERAGH HOURS PER WEEK
<May to September)
Swiinniiu?
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash-
House
72 <
Fe-
male
7 71? 717
67 I 7
85
82'
2/'
1/6,
V
1/6,
1/
81 81
62 i 16
.54
93'
62
93'
86
(October to April)
Swimming
Bath
{1)G
nasi
(2)C
Fe-
male
ym-
losed'
CIo
(1)H all
(2) G ym-
nasi um
34'
Clo
ao
50
sed
16
Private
Baths
Fe-
male
Wash-
House
64
72
41'
16
10'
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Tots
19"
11
10
Date
OF
ESTAB-
LISH-
MKNT
1885
1890
1896
added U
1898
1809
added tc
1914
* Population of area served
by establish meut com-
puted at 12,000.
' Excludes towel.
'In classes.
* June to September.
^ Gyninasium fees.
- Gyninasium expenses.
* Includes Rift, £3000.
* Hot salt batb.
^ G tickets.
* Elementaryschool children,
in classes of 30. Girls, £:i ;
boys, £2, 10s. per season.
' Seasons not defined.
* Figures, June to September
1916.
' Not used.
^ Cannot be diflerentiated
from expenditure for in-
stitute.
* Coal only.
Arrangements made with
Educational Committee for
200 children to bathe per
day.
* Includes fees for Jewish
and medicated baths un-
differentiated, £14.
* Gymnasium, £50 ; Assem-
bly room and hire of chairs,
£83.
* Includes "entertainments
and refreshments," £40.
' Sprays.
' Includes fees for sea-shore
bathing, £100.
- Includes rent of ground let
for entertainments, £323 ;
receipts from refreshment
rooms, £1147.
' Excludes insurance, in-
cluded under col. 30.
• Incl. insurance and supplies
to refreshment rooms,£834.
' Dt-licit met from Comraon
Good Fund.
• 6 tickets.
' Seasons uut defined.
• Includes refreshment room
stafi. 3.
' Sch. Board provides tuitioo.
' Population increased to
20,000 approx, during fish-
ing season.
■ Open air.
• Includes 1 spray.
• Includes proportion of
general administration ex-
penses, £8 : and payments
undifferentiated, £43.
• Excludes towel.
' Seasons not defined.
• Incl. legal expenses, £23 ;
and general expenses £70.
' Excludes towel.
> Includes gymnasium and
billiard room.
' I-:xeludes 2 sprays reserved
for subscribers.
' Excl. users of spray baths.
• Excludes lesson fees aod
bathing clothing, £0, in-
cluded under col. 16.
' Gymnasium and billiards.
• Interest and eudowmeot.
' Includes general supplies.
•
200
A
llEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMINI. HATliS
SLIFPUK AND SI'KAV BAI'HS
Name of Place
POI'ULA.
TION
.\iiiiibcr
Arcl
Bathers
Number
nathers
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
only
Tut.ll
Lenull,
Ilriaillh
Male
reniale
Total
Mate
Female
Total
Male
I
Female
Total
Male
Female
anttinuett
4,332
1 i 2
3
4
5
G
♦
7
4,01)0
8
9
10
11
la
13
14
IS
CLACKMANNANSHIRE.—
P. Alva
1
ft.
48
ft.
18
*
3
•
*
727
j
242
DUMBARTONSHIRE
R.B. Dumbarton ' .
;;i,9B9
1
7a
30
70,095 '
18,116
88,211 '
9
3
12
)
10.957 4,073
i
16,030
1217
1
1
1368
P. Clydebank
37,64B
1
r.o
26
44,724
9,963
45,687
\l\
4
20
16,429
1,223
17,652
1027
1 3UI1
DUMFRIESSHIRE
R.B. Dumfries .
lll.UU
1
••
9
•
*
4,427
49
2
P. Moflat
biipper balhs
2,079
1
, ,
4'
«
•
«
Proudfoot iu-
htitute. P .
4
916
385
1,602'
40
0
FIFE
R.b. Duafermlilic
Free Baths. P
28,103
1 2
1
G8
30
62,202
18,076
24,121
11,247
86,323
29,323
30
7
24,088
^4,018
12,434
1,356
36,622
6,373
121
76
7
8
Carnegie
Baths. P .
1
1
76
SS
44,126
12,874
57,000
18
5'
28'
20,070
11,079
31,149
1115
2216
Netbertown
Institute.' P
9
6
14"
11,699
7,406
19,005
1289
1481
St. Andrews
7,8a I
2
12,272
6,691
17,893 '
sup Kack
1
340
102
12,272'
12,272 '
Ladies Pond,
Castle
1
160
60
.1,591 '
.),.'>91 '
201
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
TOTAL ATTENDANCE
Attendance per looo
OF POPULATION
Wash-houses
!
Total
Date
OF
ESTAB.
LISH-
MENT
Accom-
moda-
tion
Bathers
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
including
Turkish
and
Acconmiodation
Washers
Washers
StSl
REMARKS
Russian
Male
Femalt.
Total
Male
Female
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing'
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24 26
26
27 1 28
29
30
*
Instruction provided by
•
*
4,777
935
168 , 1103
*
+
•
«
idded to
1912
arrangcineiit with School
Board.
> By gift, estimated at £;iUOO;
1
loan for additions, £533.
- Includes April.
11)14
' Figures for 1915-16. '
81,052 "
22,189
103,241 '
4011
683
4695
i W^)■^
- Includes 8559 soldiers.
' Includes uudowmeut, £125.
* Includes cleaning materials
and laundry work undif-
ti^rentiated,£159.
* Reduced to 4d. and 3d.,
Monday to Thursday in-
clusive.
School Board provitlc class
61,158
11,186
72,339
1456
470
1926
dded to
1910
1893
fee and tuition.
* Includes £268 undififetenti-
ated.
2 Excludes 5 hours foi scb.
children.
-' Superintendent also care*
laker of .municipal balls
and buildings ; these are
heated by steam from bath
boilers ; cost for above in
wages and material divided
between the departments
concerned.
' Soap and cleaning included
•
•
4,427
276
276
16
+
9248
617
under col. 30.
- Excludes cost of additional
new baths, £50, paid out of
revenue.
' Including above, £44 ;
Dumfries, £34; MaxweU-
town, £10.
* Gift ; exclusive of cost of
site, also gifted.
' 3 mineral ; used for treat-
•*
•
*
*
••
i*
ment of rheumatism ; form
part of same buildings as
town hall, etc
- For whole building.
' Includes 302 children un-
-■
915
385
1,602 >
•■
••
differentiated.
- No separate baths account
kept.
tiT
2154
556
2710
88,444
22,004
37,111
12,602
125,555
34,690
3072
1300
44G8
••
1887
1905
' Contribution by Carnegie
Dunfermline Tru^t, £137 ;
by Town Council from
Coounou Good Fund, £200.
' Includes 3 sprays.
Gt
2154
556
2710
66,350
24,509
90,859
••
••
- Billiard-room tees.
^ Exclusive of site, includes
large gymnasium and
billiard-room.
* 2 bathing together.
^ Includes 4 instructors.
1916
For first 7 months, .\pril lo
■'
11,599
7,400
19,005
■
* •
* '
October.
> The baths form part of a
large institute ; building
not yet completed.
' Includes 2 sprays.
' Excludes 216 season-ticket
12,272
5,591
17,863 '
*
•
* *
*•
llM):i
holders, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
* Includes accounts for shel-
ters, attendants at sands,
and 12 bathing coaches.
' Excludes 122 season-ticket
••
12,272 >
6,691'
12,272 '
5,591 •
••
••
••
19U4
1
holders, number of admiS'
sions unrecorded.
■■ Excludes towel.
* E.Tcludes 94 season-ticket
holders, number of admis*
sions unrecorded.
' Excludes towel ; atteodcnt
takes profits from hire.
'Juno to September in-
I
I
clusive.
J
2 L
202
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Namh of Place
CLACKMANNANSHIRE.— continued
P. Alva
DUMBA KTONSHIRE
R.B. Dumbarton >
P. Clytlebank
POPULA-
TION
Bath Fees
Swim-
ming
1,332
21,989
DUMFRIESSHIRE
R.B. Dumfries .
MoSat
Slipper baths
Proudfoot In-
stitute. P .
FIFE
R.B. Dunfermliiu-
Free Bathv P
Carnegie
Baths. P .
Nctbeitown
Institute.' P
St. Andrews
sup Rock
[Mm)
Ladits Pond,
CaslU
16,011
2,079
28,103
7,801
£
21
3.58
£
15
281
389
Spray
Turkisli
aiid
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
07
Hath
Hire by
Clubs.
(iaias.
etc.
Con-
Swim- tribu-
niing tion for
Lessons School
Children
Wash-
house
Pay-
ments
£
37
36
788
RENf
POR
Premises
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
£
58
42
25
97'
Total
KECEIPTt.
^^P I ?t'e™; ^°'"
SI
70
£
129 » 171
70
7 28
203
APPENDIX 1
EXPENDITUBE
DEFICIT
MET BY
Iassess-
1 MHNT
Total
INCOME
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
and
Loan
Charges
KalCN
Taxes,
Insur-
ance
newals
and
Repairs
£
77
£
174
£
28
£
11
£
39
£
78
8y3
ll>55
.;37 •
274U
S88
33
139
14
273
Bath upkeep
and
Waees
£
39
45U
26U
Heating
and I Water
Lighting
£
49
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
.''"i I Total
Clean-
ing
I
£
88
890
lOU
425
13
139
Miscellaneous
Printing
and I uther
Station- 1 Items [
ery
£
6
28
£
2
74
97
36
• •
TOTAL
HXPENDr-
TURH
ESTAB-
LISH.
MENT
£
174
lUlO
Instruction provided by
idded to arrangement \ntli School
1912 Board.
' By gift, estimated at iUUUO;
loan for additions, £633.
* Includes April.
^ Figures for 1915-10. <
- iQcludes S559 soldiers.
' Includes endowment, £125.
* Includes cleaning materials
and laundry work undif-
ferentiated, £159.
* Reduced to 4d. and 3d.,
Monday to Thursday in-
elusive.
1902 School Board provide class
893 * idded to fee and tuition.
1910 * Includes £268 undifferenti-
ated.
- Excludes 5 hours foi sch.
children.
' Superintendent also care-
ta!ker of -municipal halls
and buildings ; these are
heated by steam from bath
boilers ; cost for above
wages and material divided
between the departments
concerned.
189S ' Soap and cleaning included
under col, 30.
Excludes cost of additional
new baths, £50, paid out of
revenue.
Including above, £44 ;
Dumfries, £34; MaxweU-
town, £10.
Gift ; exclusive of cost of
site, also gifted.
3 mineral ; used for treat-
ment of rheumatism ; form
part of same buildings as
town hall, etc
For whole building.
Includes 302 children un-
differentiated.
No separate baths account
kept.
324'
2740
388
1887
1905
19U4
' Contribution by Carnegie
Dunfermline Trust, £137 ;
by Town Council from
Common Good Rmd, £200.
' lucludes 3 sprays.
- Billiard-room fees.
^ Exclusive of site, includes
large gymnasium and
bilfiard-rooni.
* 2 bathing together.
^ Includes 4 instructors.
l'"or ffrst 7 months, April to
October.
' The baths fonu part of a
large institute ; building
not yet completed.
* lucludes 2 sprays.
' Excludes 216 season-ticket
holders, number of admis-
sions uurecorded.
' Includes accounts for shel-
ters, attendants at sands,
.uid 12 bathing coaches.
' Excludes 122 season-ticket
holders, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
- Excludes towel.
E.Tcludes 94 season-ticket
holders, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
Excludes towel ; attcodcnt
takes profits from hire.
June to September in-
clusive.
204
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
205
APPENDIX I
AvKKAGE Hours per Wkek
(May to September)
Turkish
Baths
Fe-
iiinle
Wash-
House
Swimming;
Bath
I'irst
Hour
2d.
Subse-
cjucnt
Hour
Id.
inalo
Private
Baths
iWasli-
House
8«
5»l 83
•21d. , 2d.
luali:
74
8G
83
73 55
Id.
Id.' 1/,
9d.
•a . . 4li
(October to April)
Swimming
Bath
Fc.
male
Clo
sed
17
73
Private
Battis
Fe-
male
Wash.
House
Part Time
or Juniors
77
83
77
3 7^
23 i6
II.
9d.
03 . . (il I 19 81
7a 72 I ..
.. ( 72 7:
sed
Qosed
Male ■'V
male
Suiu*
mer
Fe-
male
3 5
i'STAH.
t.I-SH.
20 '- ti)
O if
added to
1912
L9U;
added to
1910
189S
1904
Instruction provided by
ari'angeiiiciit with School
Board.
* By gift, estimated at £2UUU;
loan for additions, £533.
^ Includes April.
'■ Figures for 1915-lG. i
- Includes S559 soldiers.
' Includes endowment, JC125.
* Includes cleaning materials
and laundry work undif-
ferentiated, £159.
^ Reduced to 4d. and Sd.,
Monday to Thursday in-
clusive.
School Board pruvide class
fee and tuition.
* Includes £268 undifferenti-
ated.
2 Excludes 5 hours fox sch.
children.
' Superintendent also care-
taker of -municipal halls
and buildings ; these are
heated by steam from bath
boilers ; cost for above in
wages and material divided
between the departments
concerned.
' Soap and cleaning included
under col. 30.
- Excludes cost of additional
new baths, £50, paid out of
revenue.
' including above, £44 ;
Dumfries, £34 ; Maxwell-
town, £10.
* Gift ; exclusive of cost of
site, also gifted.
' 3 mineral ; used for treat-
ment of rhetunatisin; form
part of same buildings as
town hall, etc,
- For whole building.
' Includes 302 children un-
differentiated.
- No separate baths account
kept.
' CoQtribution by Carnegie
Dtmfermline Trust, £137 ;
by Town Council from
Common Good Fund, £200.
' Includes 3 spra>'S.
- Billiard-room fees.
^ Exclusive of site, includes
large gynmasium and
bilUard-rooni.
* 2 bathing together.
^ Includes 4 instructors.
For first 7 months, .\pril to
October.
' The baths form pari of a
large institute ; building
not yet completed.
- Includes 2 sprays.
' Excludes 216 season-ticket
holders, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
" Includes accounts for shel-
ters, attendants at sands,
and 12 bathing coaches.
' Excludes 122 season-ticket
lioldors, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
- Excludes towel.
* Excludes 04 season-ticket
holders, number of admis-
sions unrecorded.
" E.\cludes towel ; atteodcnt
takes profits from hire.
■June to September in-
clusi\< .
li M
206
KEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
FIFE. — continued
R.B. St. Andrews — coni
The Baths. P
FORFARSHIRE
R.B. Arbroath'
Dundee
Central Baths
Lochec Baths
Guthrie St.
Constable St. .
Caldruiu St. .
Millers' Wynd
CcnUal Wash-
Houses
Popula-
tion
Swimming Baths
1 omalc^
tmly
v;o,G47
Open- Air
Baths'
1 6
I
Length Breadth
ft.
*
30
75
75
66
36
28
30
120
80
70
60
28
36,383
209,284
SLIPl'EK AND SPRAV BATHS
24,768
17,876
48
13
21
24
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
I-ciiiale Total
• ! 12,343
84,074
• •
• *
11,164
14,679
20,'600 42
11,675
81
13,208 55
207
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Total attendance
Accom-
moda-
tinri
13t
• •
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF POPULATION
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
5909
5909
48.72G
299,267 > *
17C2
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
WASH-HOUSES
Accoiiiniodation
Stalls Mangling
• • ' 211,02.'.
* *
* *
3(i,443
2360
249
Ironing
Washers
per
Stall
Date
OF
iSTAB-
I.ISH-
mi:nt
233,100
1915
48,402
43,867
63,551
38,717
26,878
835
1097
978
1871
ddcd to
1876
aucl
1910
1891
1844 •
icquircd
1S71 »
1910
idiied to
1911
' Figures for 1915-6, Septem-
ber 22 to May 15 only.
^ iiicludes£323 not differenti-
ated under cols. l,:i,andl^.
" Includes water.
* Exclusive of site.
* Excludes 4 hours for " re-
served ticket- holders."
School Board pay admission
ti^eforsch.cliildren.bothin
classe-sand after sch. -hours.
Free instruction provided for
all bathers.
* Exclusive of open-air
bathers ; no record kept.
* Includes central adminis-
tration expenses.
' Brushes, oil, etc., undiffer-
entiated from sundries,
^ 12 tickets, 8/. 4/, 2/.
' Excludes general super-
intendent.
* Fees for carpet-bowls.
' Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning included
under col. 31.
* Wash-house only ; baths a
gift.
* 12 tickets, 8/, 4/, 2/.
* Insurance included under
sim dries.
' Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
^ 12 tickets, 6/, 4/, 2/.
* Rooms.
- Insurance included under
sundries.
^ Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
* 12 tickets, 6/, 4/, 2/.
* Insurance included under
sundries.
* Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
' 12 tickets, 6/, 4'. 2/.
^ RenU.
- Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning materials
included under col, 31.
* 12 tickets, 0/, 4/, 2/.
' Common Good.
' Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
* Paid out of Common Good
Fund.
* .\t West End, Slaimcrgatc,
and Esplanade ; men only.
* Esplanade.
Dryiny horses in laundry al
disposal of public in winter
at cost of 2d. pi'r basket.
* During holidays children
admitted free tospray room
andswiiiiMiiin; nund. Hot
batbs given whcro schot>l
teachers recommend.
" Includes £197, not differ-
entiated under cols, land 2.
" Soap Mii] cleaning in-
cluded under c<il. 31.
Includes i;ift, £07.'.)!.
* Includes atlmis^ion
.Upper balh--.
* Seasons not delined.
^ Extra hours allowed
arrangement.
to
by
2>r^
208
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
POPUL/
TION
FIFE. — continued
R.B. St. Andrews — cont
The Baths. P
FORFARSHIRE
R.B. Arbroath '
Central Baths
Lochee Baths
Guthrie St.
Const.ible St. .
Caldruni St.
Millers' Wynd
Cential Wash-
Houses
Open- Air
ISatiis *
Forfar
HATH Fees
.Swim-
ming
20,G4'
1747
468
99 93
126
177
Spray
176
Turkish
and
Russian
290
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluilecl
in fore-
going
£
*
111
Batli
Hire by Swim-
Clubs, ming
(talas, I Lessons
etc. I
6 I 7
£ £
Con.
trihn-
tioii for
Sclioul
Children
37
wash-
HUUSE
Pay-
ments
! 2562
Rent
FOR
premises
MISCELLANEOUS
Towels
and
Cos*
Soap
Other
Items
ttimes
12
13
11
£
£
£
«
*
275
177
29
Total
Rfcf.ipt>
4«' 46
209
APPENDIX I
IJKFIClTl
MET BY TOTAL
\SSESS- INCOMK
MKNT
18
£
«
643
3182 11,509
1,006
2S9 1,320
215
IBS
21
3«2
EXfENDTnUlE
CHARCKS FOR PREMISES
Kenls
and
Loan
Charges
Rates,
Rc 1
iaxcs.
ncwals
Iiisur-
and
nnce
Repairs
20
21
£
£
*
*
197
322
485
590
lOOC
80
£
137
381 I 1708
82
46
469
702
201
38
Bath Upkeep
MISCELLANEOUS
Salaries
and
Wages
£
187
Heating
and
Lighting
£
234 »
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
£ I £
* •
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
£
SO
991 ' I 750
247
93 79
57 »
459
37 8
280
278
39 : 8
37 14
557
845
896
287'
Printing
and
Other
Station.
Items
ery
29
30
£
£
«
«
♦
•
i
49
i
!
•1
•
«
*
•
*
•
«
•
•
*
*
*
«
«
Total
HXPENDI-
Tt-RF-
ilSTAB-
LISH-
MHNT
1915
50"
70»
79'
118'
11,609
■^•°*^ acMcd to
1876
auti
1010
1.006
1,320
1895
1891
1U02
1,796
1.213
690
91 fi ^^^*'
^^° icquired
1871 «
3*2 itiiied to
I 1911
' Figures for 1915-G, Septem-
ber 22 to May 15 only.
2 Iucludes£323 not differenti-
ated under cols. 1,2, and 12.
^ Includes water.
* Exclusive of site.
* Excludes 4 hours for "re-
served tickct-holdere."
School Board pay admission
tee for sch. children, bo thin
classes and after sch.-bouis.
Free instruction provided for
all bathers.
' Exclusive of open-air
bathers ; no record kept.
* Includes central adminis-
tration expenses.
' Brushes, oil, etc., undiffer-
entiated from sundries.
=> 12 tickets, 8/, 4/, 2/.
* Excludes general super-
iiitendc[it.
' Fees for carpet-bowls.
^ Insurance included under
sundries.
^ Soap and cleaning included
under col. 31.
* Wash-house only ; baths a
gift.
* 12 tickets, 8/, 4/, 2/.
* Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
' 12 tickets, 6/, 4/, 2/.
* Rooms.
- Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
* 12 tickets. 6/, 4/, 2/.
* Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
' 12 tickets. G/, i', 2/.
^ Rents.
^ Insurance included under
sundries.
* Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
•12 tickets. 6/, 4/, 2/.
' Conunon Good.
^ Insurance Included onder
sundries.
* Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
* Paid out of CoEumon Good
Fund.
* At West End, Slaiuicrgatc,
and Esplanade ; men only.
■ Esplanade.
Drying horses in laundry al
disposal of public in winter
at cost of 2d. per basket.
* During holidays children
admitted free tospray room
and >wiiimiiii« pond. Hot
baths given whcm school
teachers recoinmond.
> Includes £197, not differ-
entiated under cols, land 2.
'Soap .nul cleaning in-
cluded under a>l. 31.
* Includes cift, £67.'.<l.
' Includes atlmission to
shpper baths.
" Sca^niis not defined.
' Extra hours allowed by
arrangement.
210
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
FIFE. — continiud
R.B. St. Andrews— coil/.
The Baths. P
FORFARSHIRE
R B. Arbroath ■
Central Baths
Lochee Baths
Guthrie St.
Constable St.
Caldnini St. .
Millers' Wynd
Central Wash-
Houses
Open- Air
Baths '
Forfar
TION
20,04'
165,00
10,84
Rate
Capital
AID
COS!
TERMS
Percentages
Scale of
OF Id.
m £
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
SHimminK Bath
Private
lixpendi-
Charge
for
Upkeep
MisceL
laneous
,
I
Balh
Fees
W.ish.
1 House
other
Items
K.1tc
Aid
PremUes
1
Male
Female Children
M.ile
Female
1
Salaries, ' Otiicr
etc. 1 Items
1
3
3
4
! 6
6
7
8 9
10
11
12
13
14
IE
16
»
£
•
*
•
•
•
•
« *
«
*
*
«
•
«
•
8,713 '
«
*
«
27-9
21-3
291
41-1
8-7
72-2
4d., 2d.
4d.,2d. Id.
s4d..
i s4d..
3d.
1 3d.
1
1
60,131
•76
27-0
72-4
28,179
•35
66-6
••
33-4
460
25^8
2B^7=
26 »
60-6
(20/,
[15/9]).
(10/6),
6d., 2d.
(20/,
[15/9])
(10/0),
6d., 2d.
id.
sl/.'
6d.,»
3d.'
sl/,'
6d.,'
3d.'
4,235 •
•14
191
27-3
1-7
51-9
397 •
27-6
27-7»
5-0"
481
2d.
Id., id.
sl/,'
6d.,'
3d.'
sl/,'
6d.,'
3d.'
11,185
•IW
9-5
68'6
21-9
35-5'
21-0
382'
53"
78^1
s 9d.,'
6d.,»
3d.'
s9d.,
6d.,»
3d.'
1,093
■11
124
55-3
3-2
291
49-2"
19-6
25-6'
55"
70-8
s 9d.,'
6d..«
3d.«
s9d.,«
6d.,«
3d.'
11,850
•00
119
75^6
12-6
43-5'
170
32-9»
6-6"
87-B
s 9d.,'
6d.,»
3d.'
s 9d.,'
6d.,'
3d.'
8,589
■02
14-5
75-2
77-5
3-8
05
22-6
434 "
37-8'
229
27-2
277'
28-1'
5-9"
6-8"
93-5
77-5
■■
s 9d.,«
ed.,«
Sd.'
.f 9d.,«
6d.,«
3d.'
*
•
100-0
«
•
•
•
F.
F.
, ,
7,0011 '
•96
550
450
193
35-9
43-4"
1-4 »
550
(7/6).'
2d.
''^'
(5/).'
Id., F.'
s3d.
1
s3d.
211
APPENDIX I
Turkish
Baths
Fe
male
Wash-
House
Fir^t
Hour
IV r
Subse
qiicnt
Hour
2/.
1/6,
1/
2/,
1/6,
1/
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
ANERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
I May to September)
Stvimmiag Private Wash-
Bath Baths House
Fe-
male
12'
89
Fe-
male
89
84
84
84 84 82
(October tu April)
Swimming
Bath
74'
Op«
Ha
G
Das
Fe-
male
VVash-
House
Fe-
male
12'
n(21
11
yra-
ium
84
84
82
Cio
33
sed
21
33*
80
Whole Time
Fe-
male
3 2
Part Time
or Juniors
Total
Win-
16*
1871
added to
1876
and
1010
1895
liSTAB-
LISH-
l'J02
1844*
acquired
1S71 »
nuu
iiddcd to
li»ll
' Figures for 1915-6, Septem-
ber 22 to May 15 ooly.
= Includes£323 not differenti-
ated under co!s. I,2,andl2.
'^ Includes water.
* Exclusive of site.
^ Excludes 4 hours for *' re-
served ticket-holders."
School Board pay admission
tee for sch. cMldren, both in
classesand after sch.-hours.
l-'ree instruction provided for
all bathers.
' Exclusive of open-air
bathers ; no record kept.
' Includes central adminis-
tration expenses.
" Brushes, oil, etc., undiffer-
entiated from sundries.
3 12 tickets, 8/, 4/, 2/.
' Excludes general super-
intendent.
* Fees for carpet-bowls.
" Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning included
under col. 31.
* Wash-house only ; baths a
gift.
* 12 tickets, 8/, 4/, 2/.
* Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
3 12 tickets, 6/, if, 2/.
* Rooms.
^ Insurance included under
sundries.
3 Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
« 12 ticket*;, 6/, 4/. 2/.
* Insurance included under
sundries.
* Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
» 12 tickets, 6/, 4', 2/.
' Rents.
^ Insurance included under
sundries.
' Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
*12 tickets. G/, 4/, 2/.
* CommoQ Good.
' Insurance included under
sundries.
■ Soap and cleaning materials
included under col. 31.
* Paid out of Common Good
Fund.
* .\t West End, Stanncrgatc,
and Esplanade ; men only.
* Esplanade.
Drying horses in laundry at
disposal of public in winter
at cost of 2d. per basket.
* During holidays children
admitted free tos-pray room
aiidswiiiiiiiiii^; pond. Hot
baths et\cii where school
teachers recommend.
» Includes £197, not diflcr-
eiiti.Ttcd under cols. Iand2.
•'' St>ap and cleaning in-
cluded under col. 31.
* Includes gift, £67r.it.
' Includes admission
slipper bath-^.
* Seasons not ilehned.
' Extra hours allowed
arrangement.
to
by
212
A
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SWIMMING Baihs
SLIPPER AND SPRAV BATHb
NAME OF PLACt
VorviJ,-
TION
1
Number Area
1
Batberb
.Number
Bathers
1
II.lthers pel
Ball, or Spray
Females
only
Tout LcliKth
Breadtb
Male Fetnale Total
I
Male ]-emalc ,
Total
M.lle
Female
Total
1
Male
Female
1
3
1
3
4
•
1
s
7
♦
8 9
10
11
12
13
14
It
HADDINGTONSHIRE
R.F. iVort'i Bemick .
3,246
1
ft.
190
1
ft.
100
appiox.
•
1
LANARKSHIRE
R.B. GlaSRcm' .
1,010,»31
7
18
747,709
102,848
860,557
37:1 luii 475
278,655
71.334
340,989
747 099
1
Grecnbead,
Gallon
:> 1.790'
1
2 75
40
1?
llll.l.SIl
10.21)7
JlI,Vi.O
'Z4 ~ 4
\
34
22,318
ti,«85
29,003
827 955
WoiKlsidc,
Cowcaddeiis
Ccaastonhill,
Anderslon .
28.2(14'
1
1
2 75
40
2 78
52
40
24
42
28
75,501
74,101
8,774
11.314
84,275
85,41.'-.
27
37 =
7
U
34
43
25,053
30,202
0,171
4.036
31,224
34,298
928
818
882
073
'lownhf^id
S.S.iiOO'
1 2 75
44
40
28
iSl,»7l
10.831
02,202
28- 0
34
28,576
6,172
34,748
1021
1029
Gorbals
72,U90'
1
2 75
3S
3U
21
80.403
lt.717
101.210
20
0
31
30,'J7S
11,950
48,934
1470
1993
' Springbuui,
Cowlaiis .
31,000
1 75
•a
50,IS3
8,107
07,2»0
28
33
16,437
3,083
10,520
587
617
Man-liill
42.:i4fl
1
75
35
47.000
9,814
f.7,674
25
4
29
11.207
1,759
12,900
448
440
Govan, Ibiox
2n,70(i
1
o
75
lb
35
35
50,g4»
10,008
07,017
18
J
23
21,287
2,6«3
23,930
1183
S29
Whitevalp
32.401
1
75
SO
40
26
10.1,428
14,398
117,820
34 '
8
42
24.458
8,073
32,531
7ie
1009
213
APPEiSDJX I
Turkish and Russian Baths
Total Aitendanci-
iiioda-
tion
16 ' 17 18
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF POPULATION
Smmniirig
Bath
ToUl
I'rivatc I includin^i
Bathi Turkish
and
Russian
Wash -Houses
Accommodation
10 6245 1087 7332 l,032,60oll7S,269 1,207.878
841 34G 1195
10,952 110,759
100,554 14,945 115.499
104.363' 13,350 ' 119.713
109,947 i7,()n:j 126,930
123,441. 26,703 ' 150.144
talis
Manijliiii,'
26
27
Ironing
Washer:,
per
Stall
hSTAK.
I.ISH-
MF.N I
872,970
834 404G
2479 918 3397
3022 1213 4236
2J90 976 3506 70
7.T.(i::o 11,190 m;,k1()
58.867 11,673 70,540
78,2:16 12,711 90,947
134.131 23,558' 157,6S9
1392 673
892
36,244
900
2066
2171 630 28(HI
1360 I 306 I 1666
3288 ; 1156 ! 4394
3630 1002 4858
65,970
48,462
47,047
985
664
672
45,183' 837
31,417
34,844
1878
1S82
1883
1884
U24
968
1898
1808
70.731! X072
Arrantjements made for in-
struction of elementary
school children.
' I'aid from Common Good
Fund.
•' June to September only.
^chool children in charge of
a teacher attend swimming
baths ; admission and use
of towel free.
Baths kept open after hours
for the exclusive use of
clubs, 9 to 10 P.M.
' Excludes revenue for laun-
dry work done by Gorbals
for Hutchesontown, £15.
- Includes balance on aerat-
ing plant for Gorbals,
£422 ; deputations, £35 ;
corporation chemist, £23 ;
and rents and loan charges
on new baths at Govanhill
and Kingston, £124 ; ex-
cludes £15 for towel-wash-
ing, included under both
Gorbals and Hutcheson-
town.
' Also served by Bain Square
Wash-house.
- Includes 3 sprays.
^ Includes proportion general
manageiPs office expenses,
£86 (3-7%).
* Ground burden, £68 per
annum.
'In classes.
* Spray.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £91 (2-5%)
- In classes.
1 .-Uso ier\'ed by Stobcross
Wash-house.
- Includes 4 sprays.,
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £87 (2-7%).
' In classes.
^ Spray.
' .Alsoser^'ed by Kennedy St.
Wash-hou5e.
■ Includes 1 spray.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses,£87 (2-6%).
* In clas.'es.
' Spray.
' Includes Govanhill, for
which baths are now being
built.
- Includes for towel-washing,
£18 ; rents, £;155.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £87 ; ex-
cludes capital expenditure
on filtration and aeration
plant, £422.
' I n classes.
' Includes general manager's
ofiiceexpenses.£58(2*I%).
■ In classes.
' Includes pcniral manager's
office expen^c^, £58 (2-3%).
- In clashes.
' Includes erniral manager's
office expenses. £48 (1-4%).'
- In cl;is>cs.
' Includes 8 sprays.
' Includcsrcntof 'houses,£64.
' Includes outlay for factor of
houses, £26.
* Includes general manager's
office expenscs,£S7 (1'0%),
* In classes.
' Spray.
:n
214
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAMR OF PLACK
HADDINGTONSHIRE
R.B. North Berwick
LANARKSHIRE
R.B. GUSKow-
Greeiibead,
Calton
Woodsidc,
Cowcaddeii?
CranstoDbill,
Andcrstoii
Towiihe.i(l
Gorbalb
Springbuii!.
Cowlait"^
Mar>hill
Govatl, Ibi'ix
Whitivllr
Bath Fees
ropvufi
TION
Swini-
3,24(
i,(ii(i,H;ii
£
35
2B,2«4
3.i.«00
(2,(590
ai.uoo
42,349
an,7no
32,t(!l
496
415 582
490 (159
448 (i46
589 912
i-id 361
314
410
640
497
547
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
867
Season
Ticlcets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
e
£
Bath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
2
2
10
34
Swim.
ining
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion fur
School
Children
£
35
Wash.
HOUSE
PAY-
MENTS
RENT
FOR
PREAilSES
luou
1104
1512
702
549
917
1UII3
629
1043
864
505
427
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
36
41
25
32
36
44
20
387'
439
1
26
1
33
5
41
■2'
117
TOTAL
Receipts
215
APPENDIX I
DEFICIT
MET BY
ASSESS-
MENT
TOTAL
INCOME
EXPENDIT17RE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
aii'i
Loan
Cliarges
£
48'
1S,358
£
83
45,889
511 2,S00
1,672
l.OUl
1,U56
3,660
3,166
3,291
1,541 : 2,774 920
655
959
U4:>
1,532
2,450
2,392
2,541
3,409
5,327
805
Rates.
Taxes
Insur-
ance
Re.
newals
and
Repairs
£
58
97
121
107
88
1423 I 190
1931 204
370
871
337
£
59
542
BATH UPKEEP
Salaries
and
Wages
£
24
Heating
and
Liflitilif:
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
1623
1417
1432
89 1957
359 1387
304 1197
271 1884
531 2666
999
895
717
086
667
1157
308
513
399
326
350
Soap
ana
Clean,
ina
196
229
196
211
144
136
537 1 148
i
8U8 344
50
35
36
41
£
24
MISCELLANEOUS
Printing
and Other
Station. Items
ery
74 1889
56 1619
107
58
77
1767
1295
1247
1433
2487
TUTAL
HXPENUI-
TURU
bSTAl;-
LISH-
MEN 1
45,888 '
57
44
34
39
44
87'
2,300 '
3,660'
3,291 '
3,869
2,774 '
2,541 '
3,409 '
5,327 «
1808
1898
1901
1902
Arranyetnents made for in-
struction of elementary
school children.
' I'aid from Common Good
Fund.
- June to September only.
Scliool children in charge of
a teacher attend swimming
baths ; admission and use
of towel free.
Baths kept open after hours
for the exclusive use of
clubs, 9 to 10 P.M.
' Excludes revenue for laun-
dry work done by Gorbals
for Hutchesontown, £15.
- Includes balance on aerat-
ing plant for Gorbals,
£422 ; deputations, £36 ;
corporation chemist, £23 ;
and rents and loan charges
on new baths at Govanhill
and Kingston, £124 ; ex-
cludes £15 for towel-wash-
ing, included under both
Gorbals and Hutcheson-
town.
' .\lso served by Bain Square
Wash-house.
- Includes 3 sprays.
" Includes proportion general
manager's office expenses,
£86 (3-7%).
' Ground burden, £68 per
annum.
'- In classes.
" Spray.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £91 (2-5%).
- In classes.
' Also ser\'ed by Stob<:ross
Wash-house.
^ Includes 4 sprays..
■^ Includes general manager's
office expenses, £87 (2-7%).
' In classes.
^ Spray.
' .Also served by Kennedy St,
Wash-house.
- Includes 1 spray.
■' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £87 (2-6%),
* In classes.
" Spray.
' Includes Govanhill, for
which baths are now being
built.
■ Includes for towel-washing,
£18 ; rents, £.355.
' Inclutles general manager's
office expenses, £87 ; ex-
cludes capital expenditure
on liltration and aeration
plant, £422.
* In classes.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses. £38 (2-1 %).
- In classes.
' Includes trencral manager's
office expenses, £58 (2-3%).
* In classes.
' Inclttdes geiu-ial manager's
office expenses, £48 (1-4%).
^ In classes.
' Includes 8 spra>'s.
^ Includes rentol houses, £64.
' Includesoutlay forfactorof
houses, £26.
' Includes general manager's
office expcnscs,£87 (l-6%).
In classes.
Spray.
216
C REPORT ON PUBLIC RATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAME OF PLACfc
HADDINGTONSHIRE
I R.B. North Berwick
LANARKSHIRE
R.B. Glasgow
3,24 860
approx.
1,U1(),H3 326,178
Gree ahead,
Calton
Woodside,
Cowcaddeii?
CraustoDbUl,
Andci?toii .
Townbr-irl
Gorbals
Springbuiii,
Cowlair>
Govan.lbroK
Whitevale
i capital
Cost
ropui-j^
TION ,
jl7f, 17,190
28.20 24.U11
72,08 =^4.*^0
31,0C ^'-"il^
42.M l^.Ols
2n.7n ^.06''»
a2.4(; ■*o,a::(t
Rath
Aid
IN
Tim MS
OF id.
IN £
■OUT
Percentages
I-eCS
Wash- Other
House Items
ExpeiKliturc
Charge
for
Premises
H..tc I
AiJ I
Upkeep
Salaries,
etc.
57-8 711 I 28-9
Other
Items
Misccl-
laneoub
Expendi-
ture
Smuimine Bath
57-8
12 13 14 15 , 16
(r./),3d. (5/),3d. •
47-7 27-3 2-7 22-2 23-6 38-7 320 20 77-8
27-3 28-5 1-2 430 44-3 27-3
243
36-8 27-3 1-5 34-4 44S 2H-3 22-9 1-4
10 370 43-5 20 3 200, iO 02 4
391 22-3 11-3 1 27-8 I 60-6 | 20-6 Ifl-l I 1-5 72-7
444
20 8 j 1-
22-1 i 1-5 i 39-7
25-3 18-2 '.I r.'.ii TiOU , 26-8
■ I
21U 16«> 1-3 «0-3 471 27-0
I
26-9 . . 1-2 710 .'..i:l 19-6 22-5 1-3 281
SOI 22-8 2-2 ; 44-» . SOU , 21-7 25-0 1-6 561
I
Mate Female
Male Female
■M.. 2d., Id.,?-"
[Id.} [Id.] ,
Ud.,4d., 3d.
2d.«
2d., 2d.. ld.,l'.« Ud.,4d. 3d.
[la.] I [la.]
2d.. I 2d., ld.,l-'.<Ud.,W., 3(1,
[Id.] ' [Id.] 2d.'
2d., 2d., Id., l'.'Bd.,4d., 3d.
[Id.) [Id] 2d.'
2il,, 2d., Id.. l'.< Cd.,-ld. 3d.
[IJ-l [Id.]
2d., 2d.. Id., 1'.' «d.,4d. :Jd.
[l.i.] [Id.]
2d., 2d., ld.,F.' (id.. -Id. 3d.
[Id.] [Id.]
2d.. 2d., ad., F.=i 8d., 4d. 3d.
[Id.l [Id.] 1
2d.. 2d., Id., r.'(id.,4d.. 3d.
[Id.l [id.] I 2d.»
217
APPENDIX 1
Turkibli
Baths
male
Wasli-
House
I'cr
First ISubse-
Hour ouent
Huiir
2d. 2d.
2d. I 2d.
2d. 2d.
2d. 2d.
AVERAGE HOUKS PHK WEEK
(May to September)
Swimmiti);
Batli
Fe.
iiialc
Privatc
Baths
22 I 87
28 j 87
31 I 87
14 I 87
14 I 87
4,"> j 87
:n 1 87
I
87
Wash-
Hotisc
(October to April)
Swiliiiiiiliij
Bath
87
31
I'livalL-
87
87
87
87
87
Pari Time
or Juniors
Male I 'V
male
Sum.
iiicr
lolal
ill
Wm
18
KsTAi;-
I.ISll.
MF-.N 1
Arranyemeats made for in-
struct ion of elemen t ary
school children.
' Paid from Common Good
Fund.
- June to September only.
Sthool children in charge of
a teacher attend swimming
baths ; admission and use
of towel free.
Baths kept open after hours
for the exclusive use of
clubs, 9 to 10 P.M.
' Excludes revenue for laun-
dry work done by Gorbals
for Hutchesontown, £15.
- Includes balance on aerat-
ing plant for Gorbals,
£422 ; deputations, £35 ;
corporation chemist, £23 ;
and rents and loan charges
on new baths at Govanhill
and Kingston, £124 ; ex-
cludes £15 for towel-wash-
ing, included under both
Gorbals and Hutcheson
town.
' Also served by Bain Square
Wash-house.
^ Includes 3 sprays.
^ Includes proportion general
raanagei^s office expenses,
£86 (3-7%).
' Ground burden, £68 per
annum.
' In classe-s.
* Spray.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £91 {2-5%)
- In classes.
> .Also ser\-ed by Stobcross
Wash-house.
* Includes 4 sprays..
^ Includes general manager's
office expenses, £87 (2-7%).
' in classes.
'■' Spray.
' Also served by Kennedy St.
Wash-house.
- Includes 1 spray.
^ Includes general manager's
office expenses,£87 (2-6%).
' In classes.
" Spray.
' Includes Govanhill, for
which batbs are now being
buUt.
■' Includes for towel-washing,
£18 ; rents, £355.
' Includes general manager's
office L- xpenses. £87 ; ex-
cludes capital expenditure
on filtration and aeration
plant, £422.
* In classes.
' Includes general manager's
officeexpenses,£58{2-l%).
- In classes.
' Includes general manager's
office cxpensf--, £58 (2-3%).
•■ In clashes.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses. £48 {1'4%).
■ In classes.
' Includes 8 sprays.
' Inctudcsrentof houses,£64.
^ Includesoullay forfactorof
houses, £20.
* Includes general manager's
office cxpcnses,£87 {l'6%).
* In classes.
* Spray.
2 o
218
A
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
SXVIM.MING
Baths
SLIPl'EK AND
SPKAV Baths
NAME OF PLACE
POPULA-
TION
Number
Area
nalliers
Number
Batliers
Batliers per
Bath or Spray
I'emalcs
only
Toul
I.eiiytli
Dreadtli
M.ile
Hcliiak-
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
1
5
6
4,428
7
8
9
10
U
17,070
12
13
21,015
14
776
IS
564
ANARKSHIRE.— C07ji<i.
R.B. Glasgow. — contd.
Kiiuiing Park
l^.-'.'^T
1
ft.
75
ft.
37
56,349
00,777
22
_
29
3943
Ahwundra Park
Hutchesontown
4n,no()
1
144
««
5,215
5,215
io
4
14
7,889
3846
11,835
799
961
Dalmaraock .
.i:i,ooo
••
21'
6 =
27
10,372
3965
14.337
494
661
Parkhead
Mile End .
47,h;!4
23'
(i
29
11,309
2992
14.301
492
499
Springbank,
Woodside .
-t2..iOO
••
15'
lU-'
23
8,449
4605
13,054
563
460
!'..Uokshaws
l.*..7(j:J
••
6'
2
8
2,711
376
3,287
432
288
Gamgad,'
Springburii
■lii.Tlli
9'
5.
14' 1 «(i6
262
1,128'
Partick ^
2;t.isu
••
18
8
26
.3,313
563
3,878 '
Kennedy St.
Wash-house,
Townhead .
Stobcross
Wash-house
■•
Kain Square
Wash-house
••
Kiugston '
32,700
13
7
20
0,647
3021
9,068 '
Govanhill
Osborne St.'
38,534
\i
75
50
25
35
25
12
40
10
50
13
•
•
8,013
68
6
JArlington Bath^
Club.' P .
*
•
•
• «
* a
• I
Victoria Balbs
Coy. P .
Western Balbs
Coy. P .
•
*
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
*
•
•
*
•
*
*
•
•
•
•
•
*
•
•
«
•
•
•
•
219
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BAIH'
Accoiii-
moda.
tjon
Total Attendance
21 22
83731 81,792
5,2lr. .. I 5,215
7,9S0 I y846 11,835
10,372 3965 14,337
11,300
3,449
2,711
866
3,313
2992 t 14,301
4605 1 13,054
576
565
3,287
1,128'
3,878 '
6,647 3021 9,668 >
• 8,913
• 1 , • S • 2
AlTENUANCE PER lOOO
OF Population
Swimming
llaill
Private
Baths
Total
including
Turkish
and
Russian
Wash-houses
Accommodation
Mangling
1670 6498
271
307
299
239
56
41
SO
56
Ironing
Washers
Persian u„g
OF
Estab-
lish
MUNT
42,170
71,330
78,330
59,978
75,375
7,687'
12,686'
47,491
52,148
45,983
36,188'
124U
1019
VM:
added to
1909
1S77
1897
added to
1903
1904
idded to
1918
1071
1340
950
674
19U0
idded to
1915
1915
1910
1870
2o^"^
' Includes general managen.'
office expenses, £87 (3-1%).
" In classes.
' Wash-house.
» May 20 to September ^0.
* loci, towel-washing, £15.
■^ Includes general manager v
office expenses, £41 (2-5%).
^ 36 wash-house stalls.
* Includes 1 spiay.
- Includes 4 sprays.
^ Includes geceral manager's
office expenses, £42 (2-1%).
* Spray.
^ 20 wash-house stalls.
" Includes 9 sprays.
- For heating librar> .
* Includes general manager's
office expenses, £42 {2'5%).
* Spray.
^ Includes 1 spray.
- Includes 3 sprays.
^ Includes general manager's
office expenses, £42 (2 3%).
' Spray.
' Includes 1 spray.
- Includes towel-washing, £4.
" Caretakers, man and wife,
receive admission fees in
lieu of wages.
^ Open January 15 to May 31 .
^ Spray.
' Includes general mandgeri
office expenses, £21.
' Open January 20 to May 31
^ Includes expenses in con
nection with opening, £10
" Includes general manager's
office expenses, £21.
' Vide Townhead.
« Wash-boards.
" Includes general manager's
office expenses, £41 (3-4%),
' Vide Cranstonhill.
* Wash-boards.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £31 (2-2%).
' Ficii Greenhead.
- Wash-boards.
^ Includes general manager's
office expenses, £4 1 {3-8%).
* 16 wash-house stalls.
' Figures from October 8,
1915. to May 31, 1916.
New baths.
* Reserved for Usc of about
300 tenants of corporation
houses in Saltmarkct area.
* Included under col. 31.
' Includes depreciation at
1%, £38.
* Met partly from house-
rents.
* Baths constructed and
maintained by Glasgow
Swimming; Bath Coy.,
Lnnitcd, and managed by
.1 joint committee of the
Company and ArltngtOQ
Baths Club.
' McmUrship in 1914, 974.
* Hilliard-rooin fees.
' Includes expenses of man-
agement, £57 (3*1 %),
* Includes members' sub-
scriptions.
220
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of place
Popula-
tion
AN A R KSH 1 RE.— coiiW.
R.B. Glasgow. — cotttd.
Kimiing Park
12,587
Alexandra Park
Hutchesontown
40,000
Dalmamock .
S.^.OOO
I'arkhead
Mile End .
47,834
Spiingbank,
Woodside .
42,50C
PoUokshaws
IS.Tli:
Gamgad,'
Springbuni
4ii,74:
Partick '
ii,18(
Kennedy St.
Wash-house,
To^vnhead .
■ • '
Stobcross
Wash-house
■ '
Bain Square
Wash-house
Kings Ion '
32,701
Govanliill
38,53.
Osborne bl.'
{Arlington Baths
Club.' P .
Victoria Baths
Coy. P .
*
Western Baths
Coy. P .
•
Bath Fees
Swim-
ming
£
358
1808
Private
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
2
3
4
£
400
£
£
194
242
225
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore-
going
liath
Hire by
Clubs,
Galab.
etc.
Swim-
ming
LcSions
Con-
tribii- .
tion for
School
Children
"Wash-
house
Pay.
MKNTS
£
763
22
194
1S13
RENT
FOR
Premises
1157
1349
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
£
31
Soap
Other
Items
£
3
10
107
TOTAL
RECEIPTS
221
APPENDIX I
EXPENBirrmE
DEFICIT
lltT UV
ASSRSS-
.\[|.:nt
Total
INCOMK
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Bath upkeep
MISCELLANEOUS
TOTAL
EXPRNDI-
TURR
UATE
OF
tSTAH-
Khmakks
LISH
Mi-.\ r
Rents
mil)
Loan
i Iiarges
Rates.
Taxes,
Insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
Total
Salaries
an<l
\\'aties
and
Water
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Soap
and
Clean-
ing
Total
I'riiiiingf
and
Station-
ery
Other
Items
Total
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
£
£
E
£
£
£
£
£
S.
£
£
£
i:
£
t
121S
2802
1)53
G4
355
1371
721
370
148
30
02
1331
*
*
41
2802'
1V»U2
adcU-d to
' Includes general managers.'
office expenses,£87 (3-1%).
S
30
1
1
11
13
^
29
30
lilOO
^ In classes.
207
1022
537
83
193
793
383
200
119
23
23
705'
m
24
1C22 -
ia77
1897
adiU'd to
' Wash-house.
> May 20 to September 30-
^ Inch towel-washing, £15.
- Includes general managers
307
ISOl
052
107
207
900
440
288
155
31
921
«
32
19(U ^
1903 3
1904
addfd to
1913^
office expenses, £41 {2-5%).
^ 36 wash-house stalls.
' Includes 1 spiay.
- Includes 4 sprays.
^ Includes general manager's
office expenses, £42 {2-1%).
no
170S
501
107
172
840
424
252
101
19
796
*
♦
31
1708="
liHll.1
' Spray.
^ 20 wash-house stalls.
• Includes 9 sprays.
- For heating librar\'.
^ Includes general manager's
4U1
1797
407
105
216
787
411
340
130
45
15
941
«
«
26
1797 =»
1900
office expenses. £42 (2-5%).
* Spray.
^ Includes 1 spray.
" Includes 3 sprays.
^ Includes general manager'.^
127
174
21
11
37
70
40
41
10
103 «
1
1
174
1909
office expenses, £42 (2 3%) .
^ Spray.
' Includes 1 spray.
- Includes towel- wasbiing, £4.
^ Caretakers, man and wife,
■473
816
202
50
57
309
148
85
12
4
21
270
•X
*
HI
GIG '^
J914
receive admission fees in
lieu of wages.
' Open Januar>' 15 to May 31 .
- Spray.
272
551 *
82
37
37
157
172
123
24
3
20
348
•
*
551 ' =<
1914
^ Includes general managers
office expenses. £21.
' Open January 20 to May 31.
• Includes expenses in con
uection with opening, £10.
278
1222
283
00
225
568
290
227
61
5'
6
595
*
*
18
1222'
1»99
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £21.
1 Vide Townhead.
^ Wash-boards.
370
1381
325
80
215
021
307
335
«0
8'
7
718
*
*
12
1381^
lti99
^ Includes general manager's
office expenses, £41 (3-4%) .
1 Vide Cranstonhill.
2 Wash-boards.
15'J
11187
325
74
98
197
298
156
67
10 »
4
534
«
•
li'i
1087'
1900
lidded to
1915 *
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £31 (2-2%).
' Vide Greenhead.
- Wash-boards.
^ Includes general manager's
«
»
*
•
•
*
*
«
•
•
«
«
*
•
*
1915
1910
office expenses, £41 (3-8%).
^ 16 wash-house stalls.
' Figures from October 8,
1915. to Mav 31, 1916.
New baths.
505
U43
123
44
172
339
252
278
27
« «
551
*
«
r.33
!I4;!
1800
• Reserved fur u>e of about
300 tenants ot corporation
houses in Saltmarket area,
' Included under col. 31.
' Includes depreciation at
1%, £38.
* Met partly from housc-
2I}2<.1
365
170
110
051
581
338
72
10
IOCS
4'!
101
140
I8«2 •
1870
reuts.
* Baths constructed and
maintained by Glasgow
Swimming Bath Coy.,
Limited, and managed by
a joint committee of the
Company and Arlington
Baths Club.
' Membership in 1014,074.
• Milliard-room fees.
* Includes expenses of man-
agement, £57 (3-1%).
•
*
a
«
•
•
*
•
•
*
•
•
•
»
•
*
* Includes members' sub-
scriptions.
*
•
•
•
«
•
•
«
•
•
*
•
*
•
«
«
•
am
222
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAME OF Place
ANARKSHIRE.— conirf.
R.B. Glasgow. — cotitd,
Kinning Park
AUxandrn Park
Hutchesontown
Dalmamock
Parkhead
Mile End
Springbauk,
Woodside .
Gamgad,'
Springbum
Kennedy St.
Wash-house,
Townhead .
Stobcross
Wash-house
Bain Square
Wash -house
Kingston '
Gov an hi 11
JArlington Baths
Club.' P
Victoria Baths
Coy. P .
Western Baths
Coy. P .
Popula-
tion
32,70(
38,53.
CAPITAL
COST
Rate
AID
IN
TERMS
OP Id.
<S£
1
2
£
18,342
■049
«
11,079
•0003
■Oil
12,653
■015
10,686
■017
8,927
•010
560
•005
8,514
■019
10,092
■Oil
5,815
■Oil
6,441
•015
fi,009
•006
10,278
•
3,750
..'
•
•
•
«
•
rERCENTAGES
Expenditure
I IZxpcndi
lure
Bath Wash-
rees House
27-2 , 28-1
73^3
120 I 71^3
12-5 68^8
15-0
12-5
Sl70
59-7
651
771
other
Items
Charge i Upkeep i ... ,
for i- •• Misccl.
Premise!; laneous
Rate
Aid
Salaries,
etc.
1-2
43-5
.. 28-7
■2 165 I 48^(
48-9
33
18-7
49<3
24-6 49<2
22-3 43-8
73-0
22-7
73-1 . . 2«-8
85-2 -3 14-6
11-8 S4^<
636
10-6
46-5
45-0
45-7
25-7
36-7
238
22-7
24-8
22-9
26^4
Other
Items
21-8 I 15
60-0 . .
234 I 1-5
21-8
29-5
1-0
1-8
1-4
32-8 -6
24-2
22-2
27-4
359 267
350 31-2
24-5
29-8
21-7
Sl-7
6-6
565
73-3
83-5
813
75-4
77-6
270
1-5 77-2
73-2
85-4
22-8 7-8 1000
Swimming Bath
Male Female Children
12 I 13 14
2d., I 2d., Id., F.
[Id.] : [Id.]
Id. .. ^ Id.
ad.,4d,
6d., 4d.
Od., 4d.
2d.*
6d.,4d.,
2d/
6d.,4d.
2d.«
4d., 3d.
2d.'
6d.,4d,
3d.
3J.
3d.,2d.«
3d.
3d., 2d.'
3d.
3d.
2d."
3d.
3d.
223
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE HOURS PHR WEKK
I May to SepteiiiUer)
(October to April*
Turkish
Baths
Fe-
male
\\,^^h-
Hu<i!,e
!
First
Hour
Ftr
quent
Hour
2d.
2d.
2(1.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
Priviitv Wash- Swimiiii
Baih'i Holl5^^' l!;iili
Fe-
tiuilc
Private I Wa^li-
auhs I Hoii'i.
87
62
76
7(J
62
02
Op
76
fi2
59
28 29 [ 30
87
87
7C> I 7« ' 62
76 I 76
Pan Time
or Juniors
Sum-
racr
Fe-
male
715 1
Estab-
lish
Ml.NT
11)02
iddiJ t(
1900
is::
1.h;i7
a.M'.-d t<
I «X>3 =»
VMi
lad.led t(
I0l:i «
li)l5
1015
1910
' Includes geneial managers'
office expenses. £87 {3-1%).
^ In classes.
' Wash-house.
' May 20 to September JO.
' Incl. towel-washing, £15.
- Includes general managers
office expenses, £41 (2-5%).
^ 'iQ wash-house stalls.
' Includes 1 spray.
- Includes 4 sprays.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £42 (2-1%).
* Spray.
^ 20 wash-house stalls.
' Includes 9 sprays.
- For heating Iibrar>'.
* Includes general manager's
office expenses, £42 (2-5%).
* Spray.
^ Includes 1 spray.
- Includes 3 sprays.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £42 (2 3%).
^ Spray.
* Includes 1 spray.
- includes towel -washing, £4.
^ Caretakers, man and wife,
receive admission fees in
lieu of wages.
' Open January 15 to May 31 .
- Spray.
^ Includes general manager' j:
office expenses, £21,
' Open January' 20 to May 31 .
- Includes expenses in con
nectioa with opening, £10.
^ Includes general manager's
office expenses, £21.
^ Vide Townhead.
* Wash-boards.
^ Includes general manager's
office expenses, £41 (3'4%).
' Vide Cranstonhill.
* Wash-boards.
* Includes general manager's
office expenses, £31 (2-2%).
' Vide Greenhead.
' Wnsh-boards.
' Includes general manager's
office expenses, £41 (3-8%). ,
* 10 wash-house stalls.
' Figures from October 8,
1915. to May 31, 1916.
New baths.
' Reserved fur use of about
300 tenants of corporation
houses in SAltmarket area,
' Included under col. 31.
' Includes dcprecialion at
1%, £38.
* -Met partly from house-
rents.
' Baths constructed and
maintained by Glasgow
Swimming Bath Coy.,
Limited, and managed by
a joint committee of the
Company and Arlingtoo
Baths Club.
* Membership in 1914, 074.
* Billiard-room fees.
* Includes expenses of man-
agement, £57 (3-1%).
* Includes members' sub-
scriptions.
224
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAMIi OF ri.ACb
LANAKKSHIlip..— <:onM.
K.H. Glasgow.— conW
Dciinistoim
liathstoy.'P
I'oUokshiclds
Baths Cov, P
P.H. Haniillon
LINLITHGOW SHIRK
R.B. South Quecns-
ferr>' '
MIDLOTHIAN
R.B. Edinburgh b.
Infirmary St. .
Caledonian
Crescent
Glcnogk Kd.
Wairentkr
l\'»'ULA-
IION
SVVIMMI.N(; BATH.S
I.-M,.,1C5
1
Lciit'tli 1 llrcadtli Male l-cmalc i rotal
U. fl.
75 i'l
8U
35
1 76
35
30 Hi,ii75 lo.Wi'J I lo,7H
263,049 < 09,2DS
40 1 44,583 I l:i,932
20 i
3n 44,lil2 6,128
35 I 33,055 7,094
334,347
IX>,51.'>
SLIPPER A.\D SPRAY BATIIS
Male Female j Tutal Male
40,14:i
50 25 85,071 31,829 116.900
75 ■ 35
1 76 I 40 .'.7,728 8,315 00,043
12 » I 12,71JI 674
1.MI 76,281
4li 35,429
30 14,013
li.itliers per
Bath or Spraj
Total Male I Feiiial
13 I 14 le
13,51)3 liS
11,873 1 88,154
I
5,545 I 40,974
36 ' I 8.49fl
17,231
") 1,109
891
1,443 I 16,468 I 42|9
935 9,4;U -26 2
3,857 21,0»S 7811
ill 1.2(HI 24J0
I I
225
APPENDIX I
TuKKisH'AND Russian Baths I
TulAI- ATTE.NDANCI-:
Accotii'
Ilioda-
tiuii
» *
AlTENDANCE PER IWiO
OF POPULATION
105,094 11,850
Ii018 J 1666
930
7681
93U
130 13 143
40
362
2910 1224 4134
1726 380
2113
347,348
80,942
58,755
41,876
105,212
30,498 '
127,304 '
Smiuinine
liath
82,837
21,477
7,580
3,069
36,910
00,5flS I 8,795
430,185
102.419
06,341
40,945
09,353
2943 352
Private
lintlis
Total
iiicludiii;^
Turkish
and
Russian
3294
WASH-HOUSES
Acgoimnodatioii
MailiJli"!;
1343
Irouimj
5,109
195,731
Washers '.Stab.
per Stall Lisn-
039
2p
Figures for 1914.
Billiard-room fees.
Membership per annum.
* For junior members.
' Includes 6 sprays.
^ Subscription.
' Membership per annum.
* For junior members.
Baths Committee provide in
struction for school chil-
dren.
* Also serves outlying districl
2 Includes 9760 school chil-
dren undifferentiated.
' Includes 1 spray.
* Includesinterestontemp:>r-
ary advances of loan
capital, £96.
* Includes "furnishings and
fittings," £43 ; water
analysis, £10.
' Spray.
' Excludes 10 hours for clubs.
* Excludes 2 hours for clubs.
^ Admiralty contribute £15{i
per annum, for use by
Navy.
^ Includes part of Dalmenv.
3 Not open in 1913.
School Board pay class fee
and tuition.
Creche for each wash-house.
' Includes contribution from
School Board.
' Includes " miscellaneous
furnishings," £15.
^ Includes administration,
£76 (3-3%).
* Includes superintendent.
who also supervises War-
render and 3 wash-houses. •
' Includes contribution from I
School Board.
^ Rent of dwelling-house. !
3 Includes " miscellaneous ;
furnishings," £10. /
* Includes administration. '
£45 (2o%).
^ Includes superintendent.
who also supervises Loch- :
rin Wash-house. i
' Includes 6 sprays.
- Includes contribution from
School Board.
' Includes "miscellaneous
furnishings," £6.
* Includes administration, '
£43 (1-9%).
Includes superintendent,
who also supervises Allan
St. Wash-house.
Includes 5 sprays.
Includes contribution from
School Board.
' BiUiard-room fees. '
* Inch refreshments, £175.
* IncI."miscellaiicousfumish-
ings," £61: refreshments.
£94; wages of waitress, £31
* Includes administration ex
penses,£121 (23%).
' Spray. I
' Includes contribution fron; '
School Board. !
^ Includes *' miscellaneou- ■
furnishings," £40. I
' Includes administration
expenses, £54 (2-6*;o)-
•Purchase, £3046 ; .recon-
struction and alterations
£2867.
226
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-H0U8ES
NAMlv OF 1'1-ACh
BATH FEES
I'Ul'ULA
TION
Swiiii-
Private Spray
LANAKKSHIKF..— conW.
R.B. Glasgow. — conld
Dennistoun
liathsCoy.'P
I'oUokshields
Baths Coy. P
P.B. Hamilton
MIDl.OTHI.AN
R.B. Edinburgh S.
Intimiarv St. .
Caledonian
Crescent
Glonogk K.I.
386,44
C54
LINLITHGOW iHlKl-
R.B. South Queens-
ferry ' . 2,S12
320,311
256
Portobello
Mi
24'J
203
828
316
1037
303
515
Season
Turkish Tickets
3„(1 not ni.
tn fore-
going
Eatli
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
29
255 I 47
174 361
Swim-
ming
Lessons
26
13
Con-
trihu-
Scliool
Ciiildren
119 ■
48'
WASH-
HOUSE
PAY-
MENTS
Rent
FOR
Premises
£
1043
1349
475
962
102
£
29'
Miscellaneous
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
Other
Items
29
20
27' I 107
21
Total
Receipts
202
176'
30
283
227
APPENDIX I
ASSESS-
MENT
Total
Income
18
£
1,192
0792 19,018
886 2,275
1122 1.807
1751 2,245
2562 5.274
1082
■J,0(i4
EZPENDITUBE
CHARGES FOR PREMISES
Rents
Loan
Charges
Rates.
Taxes,
I iisur-
ance
IDS
952
ie48 182
£
87
102
103
■in ' 116
Re-
Dewats
and
Repaiis
£
200
394
187
70 1 (il«
IOC
570
BATH UPKEEP
Salaries
and
Wanes
£
am
1207
529
LiRluing
£
174
584
308
285
808
436
Towels
and
Soap
ana
Cos-
Clean.
tumes
ma
26
27
£
£
£
31 622
02 ! 58
86 ; 116 75 1305
338
58 55
193 38
183
35
255
84
1847
35 1114
19 1018
95 I 2482
52 44
1316
Miscellaneous
Printing
and I Other
Station-
ery
15
35
46* 61
23» I 30
16"
23
261
46» 80
TOTAL
EXPENDI-
TURE
1884
19,018
2,275 '
1,807 '
2,245 *
5,274 '
2,064 »
* Figures for 1914.
' BiUiard-room fees.
' Membership per annum.
* For junior members.
' Includes 6 sprays.
- Subscription.
^ Membership per annum.
* For junior members.
Baths Committee provide in
struction for school chil-
dren.
' Also ser\'es outljnng district
* Includes 9760 school chil-
dren undifierentiated.
^ Includes 1 spray.
* Includes interest on tempor-
ary advances of loan
capital, £96.
Includes "furnishings and
fittings," £43 ; water
analysis, £10.
Spray.
Excludes 10 hours for clubs.
' Excludes 2 hours for clubs.
Admiralty contribute £150
per annum, for use by
Navy.
- 1 ncludes part of Dalmeny.
^ Not open in 1913.
School Board pay class fee
and tuition.
Creche for each wash-house.
' Includes contribution from
School Board.
* Includes "miscellaneous
furnishings," £15.
' Includes administration,
£76 {3-3%).
* Includes superintendent.
who also supervises War- ,
render and 3 wash-houses.
^ Includes contribution from
School Board.
^ Rent of dweUing-house.
^ Includes "miscellaneous
furnishings," £10. j
* Includes administration,'
£45 (2-5%).
^ Includes superintendent, i
who also super\'ises Loch- !
rin Wash-house. :
' Includes 6 sprays. I
' Includes contribution from I
School Board.
* Includes "miscellaneous
funiishings,"£6.
* Includes administration,
£43 (1-9%).
' Includes superintendent,
who also supervises Allan
St. Wash-house.
* Includes 5 sprays.
' Includes contribution from
School Bo-ird.
' BiUiard-room fees.
* Incl. refreshments, £175.
' IncI."miscellancousfumish-
ings," £61: refreshments.
£94; waives of waitress,£31
* Includes administration ex-
penses, £121 (2-3%).
' Spray. ,
Includes contribution fron.
School Board.
' Includes " miscellancou-
furnishings," £40.
' Includes administration j
expenses, £j4 (2-6';'y). i
Furcha.'.c. £3040; .recon-
struction and alteiatioDs
£2867.
228
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAMli OF Pl-ACh
LANAKKSHIUn.— co«(rf.
R.ll. Glasgow. — conUi
Deiinistoun
Ballistoy.'P
l'oUok5hield&
Baths Cov. P
P.lt. Hamilton
LINLITHdOWSHlKI-
R.B. South Queen?
fcriy '
MIDI.OTHiAN
R.B. Edinburgh S.
Infirmary St. .
Caledonian
Crescent
Glenoglc Rd.
Portobello
Wairendf i
Capuai.
Cost
Rate
Aid
IN
OF Id.
'"£
FUKCENIAGHS
SCALE OF
(ntuinc
Expenditure
RcTenuc
SniuiniilliJ B.ltll
Pnvite
Expendi-
ture
■MON
Balli
Fees
House
Otlicr
Items
Rate
Aiil
Charge
for
I'icinises
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneous
Male
Female
Cliildren
Mate
Fcnuile
Salaries.
etc.
other
Items
1
£
2
3
«
C
S
7
S
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
•
»4-3
5-7
36^2
33-7
23<a
C'5
101-7
20/') ■
(21/.
16/ V
(12/6)«
••
9,500'
•
•
•
237
4&9
294
• •
•
(42/,
21/') >
IB/')'
••
•■
3S0,4.1
12,400
1-90
aso
43
84
492
40^8
260
28-5
4-R
507
2d.
2d.
F.
s6d.,
4d.,Sd.'
s6d.,
4d.
i.m-i
4,200
4d.
4d.
2d.
s6d.
$6d.
320,31:
114,{iJ9
•S14
__
61^5
48^5
13,831)
•074
59^3
1^7
389
12'8
35'7
45'5
2-7
Oil
td.,8d.,
14d.,
Id.
4d.,3d.,
Ud.,
Id.
W.
si/,
6d.,4d.
si/.
6d.,4d.
1(I,U8II
•094
35^7
21
G21
34^1
298
3i^a
1^7
37^8
Id., 3d.,
\^d'.-
4d.,3d.,
lid.,
Id.
Jd.
Gd.,4d.
si/.
6d.,4d.
19,024
■14U
2M
•0
780
51-7
•22-0
28-3
1-0
22^0
4d.,3d.,
lid.,
Id.
4d.,.M.,
Ud.,
Id.
Sd.
si/.
6d..4d.
si/.
«d.,4d.
32,286
•■.;u
43-3
5-9
4S^6
457
229
24-2
4^9
514
8d.,4d.,
3d., 2d.,
l}d.
0d.,4d.,
3d., 2d.,
ltd.
id.
si/.'
9d.,6d.,
4d.
si/,'
gd.,ad.
4d.
f.,913 '
■090
40-6
10
$24
20-7
*5-«
381
3-9
47-6
6d.,4d.
6d.,4d.
id.
sl/0,
l/.9d.
sl/0,
l/,9d.
229
APPENDIX I
Average hours per week
(May to September)
Tiirki>h Wash-
ILltlis < llniisc
Swiiiiiuiiii; Private Wash.
llatli Balli* House
Fe. First
male Mom
I'er
Subse-
quent
Hour
Fe-
male
48
25
65
48
27
23
48
(October to April)
Trivate Wasli-
Uatli> House
Ft-
uiate
47 i 23
Pan Time
or Juniors
Fe.
male
Fe.
male
nsi Alt.
LISH.
ftlK.M
4S
* I
!li<\.
4 48
:'. U |2/, 1/
.1/ 2/.1.'
90
87
52
48
90
48
no 87
17
on
&)
17
1884
1883
23
2q
* Figures for 1914.
- Billiard -room fees.
' Membership per annum.
* For junior members.
' Includes 6 sprays.
^ Subscription.
* Membership per annum.
* For junior members.
Baths Committee provide iri
struction for school chil-
dren.
* Also serves outl>ing districi
2 Includes 9760 school chil-
dren undifferentiated.
' Includes 1 spray.
* Includes interest on tempor-
ary advances of loan
capital, £96.
' Includes "furnishings and
fittings," £43 ; water
analysis, £10.
' Spray.
' Excludes 10 hours for clubs.
' Excludes 2 hours for clubs.
^ Admiralty contribute £150
per annum, for use by
Navy.
- Includes part of Dalmenv.
3 Not open in 1913.
School Board pay class fee
and tuition.
Creche for each wash-bouse.
Includes contribution from
School Board.
" Includes " miscellaneous .
furnishings," £1.t.
' Includes administration, ,
£76 (3-3%).
* Includes superintendent,
who also supervises War- ,
render and 3 wash-houses. |
^ Includes contribution from
School Board.
* Rent of dwelhng-house.
^ Includes " miscellaneous .
furnishings," £10.
* Includes administration, '
£45 (2-5%).
^ Includes superintendent,
who also supervises Loch-
rin Wash-house.
' Includes 6 sprays.
* Includes contribution from
School Board.
" Includes "miscellaneous^
furnishings," £6.
* Includes administration,
£43 (1-9%).
Includes superintendent,
who also supervises Allan
St. Wash-house.
Includes 5 sprays.
Includes contribution from
School Board.
' Billiard-room fees.
Incl. refreshments, £175.
* Iiicl."misccIlancousfunusli'
ings," £61; rcfrcshment<.
£94; wages of waitress, £31
* Includi>s administration et-
penses.£121 {2-3%). i
' Spray.
* Includes contribution frorr. ]
School Board. !
^ Includes " miscellaneous '
furnishings," £40.
' Includes administration
expenses, £j4 (2-6')„).
* Purchase, £;J046 ; , recon-
struction and alteratioos,
£2867.
230
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Na.me ok Place
M I DLOTH lAK.—continuui
KB. Edinburgh S.—ci
South Grav's
Close .
Allan St.
SWIMMING Baths
Nirniber Are.i
linal Length Breadth Male Female Total
1 1 2 ' 3 « S
Simon Square
Greenside Row
Lochriu
M'l-eod St. .
P.B. LcithS. .
Public Baths .
Corporation
Dwellings .
PERTHSHIRE
R.B. Perth
Coiporation
Swimming
Bath
Canal St. Wash
house
Mill St.' P .
1 I 75 35
66
40
28
26
55,810
30,000 T,I>H9
30,000 7,6(19
Si-ippER AND Spray Baths
37,669
37,669
RENFREWSHIRE
P.B. Paishy '
P<>rt Glasgow
Greenock
'West-End
Baths). F
P. Gourock
34,45
.SO
40 128,043 38,594 166,637
30 ' '
40
19' 16,151 963 17.114 901
Bathers per
Bath or Spray
Male Female
10 I 3 13
1 6fl 30 I 2I..">!17I 1,473 I 23,070
1 66 S6 17,000 l:l. I 30.000
2 258 I 50
40 30
12 I 4
• •
26,199 .i030 31,229 ISIO IS-W
619
6,671
51
51,229
ISIO
6,178
463
2,500
125
231
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS
Total attendance
ATTENDANCE PER 1000
OF POPULATION
Wash-IIoi'ses
Accom-
moda-
Batliers
S\vitiuDin<^
Private
Total
including
Washers
Datf-
Bath
at s
Turkish
Accommodation
Washers
Stall
OF
tion
and
ESTAB-
KF, MARKS
Russian
LISH-
MFNT
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Stalls
Mangling
Ironing
%
IS
1»
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26_
27
28
29
30_
76
50,544
fi(jj
1892
• Includes wash-boards.
added to
^ Sundries under soap, etc.
1914
" Includes administratiou
£40 (2-7%).
^^
40
33,127
828
1 903
' Includes wash-boards.
^ Sundries under soap, etc.
^ Includes administration,
£33 (2-6%).
00
92,257
1538
lOOS
' Includes wash-boards.
' Sundries under soap, etc.
3 Includes administration.
£50(2-4%).
. ,
, ,
30
+
+
19,803
"..'lO
1909
' Includes wash-boards.
added to
' Sundries under soap, etc.
1914
^ Includes administration,
£15 (2-6%).
60
1914
' ]
••
••
40
1916
71,961
6,354
78,3ir,
700
213
973
* '
189H
' Includes 1 spray.
' Includes lessons.
' Baths heated by steam
from electricity dept.
' Soap, etc., under sundries.
' Spray.
*
*
*
«
•■
80 to 90
weekly
^ For outsiders.
' For tenants.
••
■•
30,000
7,669
37,669
1051
1051
48
+
47,448
988
School Board pay class ff<
and tuition.
_
30,000
7,669
37,609
48
+
47,448
938
1887
acquired
1894
190n
^ Includes hire of towels, etr
- Includes feu duty.
' Soap, etc., under sundries.
* FaciUties for Boy Scouts.
' Rents, etc.. under col. 20.
* Soap, etc., under sundries.
j
' Gift.
' Waih-board. 2d. extra.
•
•
r.,i-.7l
^^ «
16,142
1846'
and
1889"
1859 "
and
1883>''
' Transferred to Town Coun-
cil 5n 1914, with a net
balance of £337 ; figures
1014-15.
» No stalls ; 36 sets of tubs.
" Includes interest, rents, etc.
* From Institution funds.
* Included under col. 20.
' Soap, etc., under sundries.
' 2 under 14 years, together.
* Drying, 2d. extra.
* Baths.
*" Washhouso.
IOt
4417
1309
6122'
158,659
44,993
203,988 >
1973
370
2415
1893
added to
1897
and
1915
' Figures for 191516.
' In classes ; School Boarri
provides instruction.
' Incl.336admisjionsby book-
ticket, undifferentiated.
* Includes lessons.
' Under 12 years, when with
adult.
••
27,156
2,092
29,248
1300
348
1648
20
^_
18,935
947
1804
School Board engage bath-
maslcr.
' Includes gift, £5600.
' In classes.
' 4d. Monday to Thursday
inclusive.
• Boys.
4T
600
500
1100
18,350
15,250
33,600
399
33
447
1870
' Members' subscriptions.
' Fees for billiards.
' Includes renewal of boiler.
* Incl. reading-rooms. £20.
* Includes site, £500.
* Subscriptions range from
1
7/. for child, to £2. 2s.
' For non-members.
■■
«
•
«
••
••
1000
a'ldpd to
1000
and
' Bath-master; also 2 women
for ladies* rooms.
1013
1
1
2Q
232
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name ok Piace
MI DLOTH I AN .— iWH/»M««/
KB. Edinburgh S.—ci
South Gray's
Close .
Allan St.
Simon Square
Greenside Row
Locbriu
M'Leod St.
P.B. LeithS. .
Public Bath?
Corporation
Dwellings .
PERTHSHIRE
R.B. Perth
Coi potation
Swimming
Bath
Canal St. Wash
house
Mill St.' P
RENFRKWSHIKI-
P.B. PaisNv ' .
Port Glasgow .
Greenock
West-End
Baths). P .
P. fiourVfk
Popula-
tion
Swim-
ming'
187 >
399
34,455
17,749
7.442
1041
S3
Spray
Turkish
and
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in-
cluded
in fore>
goin^
227
nath
I lire by
Clubs,
Galas,
etc.
•
Swim-
mmg
Lessons
7
£
£
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
875
00 247 '
146
2055
250
910'
87
Wash-
House
Pav-
mi-:nts
£
763
RENT
FOR
PREMISF^
1018
MISCELLANEOUS
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
36*
51
12
Otlicr
Items
58'
58
55 I 97
12
..8 3
1 I
TOTAL
Receipts I
233
APPENDIX I
EXPEHDnVRE
£
71U
£
14,s.i
1253
i7l
8G
:;U4
1S67
550
. . I 1024
3S.H3
950
271
DEFICIT
MET BY TO lAL
ASSESS- INCOME
MENT
CHARGES FOR PKEMISES
Ucnts
and
Loan
£
279
284
1317
120
88
Rates,
Taxes
Insur-
ance
Re-
newals
and
Repairs
49 155 >
63'
143 >
248
79
18
277
205
150'
136
£
483
39 , 111 ' I 434
37 02 '
Bath upkeep
Salaries ' Ileatinj;
and and
Wage*; Lighting
£
305
102 > 237
200
98
1841
309
£
409
1
Towels
Soap
and
-ind
Cos-
Clean-
tnmes
ing
26
27 !
20fi
345
63
192
106
ISO
15
12
19 2 I 9?.9
19 2 ia:t4
11 » 311
401
MISCELLANROUS
;ind I Other
Station- j Items
ery I
28'
23« 3G
10 U) « 28
34*
Total
I^XPENDI-
1 URK
23
IG
47'
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
204G"
13ti7
817
1892
added t
1914
1909
added t
1914
1914
1916
188'
acquired
1894
1846'
and
1889'
1859
and
1883"
1S9S
added to
1897
and
1915
1894
1900
added to
1900
and
1913
Includes wash-boards.
Sundries under soap, etc.
Includes administratioo
£40 (2-7%).
Includes wash-boards.
' Sundries under soap, etc.
' Includes administration.
£33 (2-6%).
Includes wash-boards.
' Sundries under soap, etc.
^ Includes administration,
£50 {2-4%).
Includes wash-boards.
- .Sundries under soap, etc.
= Inchides administration,
£15 (2-6%).
* Includes 1 spray.
' Includes lessons.
' Baths heated by steam
from electricity dept.
' Soap, etc., under sundries.
' Spray.
' For outsiders.
- For tenants.
School Board pay class fe<
and tuition.
' Includes hire of towels, etr
- Includes feu duty.
' Soap, etc., under sundries.
* Facilities for Boy Scouts.
* Rents, etc.. under col. 20.
- Soap, etc., under simdries.
' Gift.
* Wash-board, 2d. extra.
' Transferred to Tokti Coim-
cil in 1914, with a net
balance of £337 ; figures
1914-15.
* No stalls ; 36 sets of tubs.
^ includes interest, rents, etc.
* From Institution funds.
* Included under col. 20.
* Soap, etc., under sundries.
' 2 under 14 years, together.
' Drying, 2d. extra.
* Baths.
"> Washhousp.
' Figures for 1915-16.
- In classes ; School Boartl
pro\ides instruction.
' Incl.336admi.=;>ionsby book-
ticket, undiSerentiated.
* Includes lessons.
' Under 12 years, when with
adult.
School Board engage bath-
master.
' Includes gift, £5600.
' la classes.
* 4d. Monday to Thursday
inclusive.
* Boys.
* Members' subscriptions.
' Fees for biUiards.
' Includes renewal of boiler.
Incl. readinp-rooms, £20.
Includes site, £500.
* Subscriptions range from
7/. for child, to £2, 2s.
' For non-members.
Bath-master; also 2 women
for ladies' rooms.
234
a
c
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND
WASH-HOUSES
Capital
Rate
Alt)
Cusr
IN
Terms
OF Id.
IN £
PERCENTAGF.S
SCALE OF
Income
Expenditure
Revenue
to
Swimming Bath
Private
Name ok Place
Popula-
tion
1 Eipendi.
1 Mire
Bath
1-ecs
Wasli-
llouse
Other
Items
Rate
Aid
Charge
for
Premises
Upkeep
MisceL
laneoiis
.Male
Female
Cliildien
M.ilc
I-emale
Salaries,
etc.
Other
Items
-- --
ntinufit
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
11
^12 _
13
14
1»
16
MIDLOTHIAN.— conlinuu/
KB. Edinburgh S.— to
South Grav's
Close.
14,540
•Olio
51-4
■3
4S2
32-5'
20-5
42-7'
1-5 »
517
Allan St.
4.S81
•055
438
562
34-6 '
21^8
40-2»
•7 *
43-8
..
Simon Square
8,.H18
•058
8«^0
34^0
31-6'
13-1
621'
•,S'
86^0
Greenside Row
4.405
•023
525
47-6
41-6'
19-S
36-1=
1-2 •
52-5
Lochriu
M'Leod St. .
P.B. LcithS. .
Public Baths .
80^488
8.814
4,634
13,550
■33
51-7
35
44-8
50-4
311
15-7*
2^8 «
.55-2
3d.,
[2d.]
3d.,
[2d.]
lid.,
[Id.]
s9d.,
ad.,4d..
Id.'
s9d.,
tKl.,4d.,
Id.*
Corporation
Dwellings .
PERTHSHIRE
R.B. Perth
Corporation
Swimming
Bath
Canal St. Wash-
house
35,85-(
Un-
known
8,5(10'
•1
•:i
44^9 »
99-4
1-6
•«
e-3
53-8
31-5
25-2
402
37-8
22^0
32-4'
6-5
4-4 >
93-7
465
125-3
3d.«
2d.
lid.
Id.
■•
"
Mill St.' P .
1
Un-
known
25 0
590
9-9
(10
16<8
33-3
448«
5-0 »
93-8
••
s9d.,
6d., 4d.
s9d.,
6d.,4d.
RENFREWSHIKli
P.B. Paishy ' .
84,45-5
24,244
1-01
52^9
2-5
44-0
47-4
24-5
26-1
20
56-4
(12/6),'
3d., 2d.
%«'*
Id., F.'
s6d.,
4d.
s«d.,
4d.
Port Glasgow ,
17,74»
(i,5;!2 '
-11
35 5
45^1
1-7
17^0
42<8
31-2
25-7
•1
82-S
2d.
2d.
ld.,F.>
sOd.>
.« 3.1.
Greenock
West-End
Baths). P .
T.'.,14ll
7.500 •
05 •S
4-1
36-7
31-6
27-1
4-e
100-0
«
•
e
_^ «
■
P. r.oiirotk .
7,44-J
1,484
•7.-*
.121
•4
67-6
87-1
89
2-n
1-5
32-5
(3/
[2/6]),
2d.
(3/,
[2/0]).
2d.
(1/9,
am.
Id.
—
235
APPENDIX I
AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK
(May to September)
Turkish
Baths
Wash.
House
Private
Baths
Wash
House
1-irst
Hour
Per
Subse-
quent
2d.
2d. 2d.
Fe-
male
(October to April)
Swim mint;
Baih
Fe-
male
2d.
2d.
14 72 14
13
Private
Baths
62
F<-.
male
Wash
House
61
61
55
Id.,
F.'
ld.,>
F.'
2d.*
sad..
2d.« 2.1."
65 59
d.'. (S.T ,')9
s2d., 12/, 1/ 2 .
Id.' i
2d.,'
lid.
86 I 8B 88
86 .. 7fl 79 70 79 1 ..
85
Op
en 70
. • o/fi'
76' I 2/6'| ..
n 21 I 71 I 21 .. I 71
21
71
0 .58
21
I I
Fe-
mate
Part Time
or Juniors
Fe-
male
Sum- Will,
mcr ter
1 10
1892
added t
1914
1903
190.S
1900
added t
1914
1914
1910
0 ; 3
.. 15 15
• »
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1887
acquired
1804
1846'
and
1889'
1859
and
188:!"
189;i
added t
1897
and
lOl.'i
19(1(1
iiHdfd t
ISXIO
■ind
1913
' Includes wash-boards.
* Sundries under soap, etc.
' Includes administration
£40 (2-7%).
'■ Includes wash-boards.
* Sundries under soap, etc.
' Includes administration.
£33 (2-6%).
^ Includes wash-boards.
' Sundries under soap, etc.
^ Includes administration
£50(2-4%).
' Includes wash-boards.
' Sundries under soap, etc.
' Inclndes administration,
£15 (2-6%).
^ Includes 1 spray.
- Includes lessons.
' Baths heated by steam
from electricity dept.
* Soap, etc., under sundries.
» Spray.
^ For outsiders.
- For tenants.
Scbooi Board pay class fei
and tuition.
' Inclades hire of towels, ^u
' Includes feu duty.
' Soap, etc., under sundries.
* Facilities for Boy Scouts.
* Rents, etc., under col. 20.
- Soap, etc., under sundries.
' Gift.
* Wash-board, 2d. extra.
' Transferred to Town Coim-
'■il in 1914, with a net
balance of £337 ; figures
1914-15.
^ No stalls ; 36 sets of tubs.
^ Includes interest, rents, etc.
* From Institution funds.
^ Included under col. 20.
* Soap, etc., under sundries.
' 2 under 14 years, together.
* Drying, 2d. extra.
* Baths.
'" Wash house.
' Figures for 1915-16.
' In classes ; School Boari'
proWdes instruction.
■^ Incl.336admissionsbybook-
ticket, undifferentiated.
* Includes lessons.
' Under 12 years, when witl'
adult.
School Board engage batb-
mastcr.
' Includes gift, £5600.
* In classes.
* 4d. Monday to Thursday
inclusive.
* Boys.
' Members' subscriptions.
^ Fees for billiards.
' Includes renewal of boiler.
* Incl. reading-rooms, £20.
'" Includes site, £500.
* Subscriptions range from
7/, for child, to £2, 2s.
' For non-members.
' Bath-master; also 2 women
for ladies' rooms.
236
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
NAM1-: or I'l.ACE
KOXBURGHSHIRE
r. Hawick ' .
IRELAND.
ANTRIM
C.B. Belfast
' t iieaii
Avenue
• rmpiemor'
Avenue
Falls Baths
ligonielBalh-
I CORK
C.B. Cork
Municipal
Swinuniii;:
Baths
Weir Bath, •
CO. DUBLIN
' C.B. Dublin
LONDONDERRY
C.B. Londonderry
.S\vuuriN(; IXl'HS
y
[.eiigth Breadth
M.ll.- r<-ni.lk Tf.lal
ft.
:S(>
ti3,9.i2
204,7!ll I IS.OOT ^IT.-X'^.s
.i.T : 25 42, no
4(1 1 (!
.'>4 21 7'l,2in 7.IC.4 .S6,383
.'i4 21
Oli 24
.14 24
24
24
48,292
2,348 .i0,l>40
3,58.5 .38,755
70 , 32
70 32
47,1 S
3,190 1 50.389
m ■"< 74.705 I I.IHK; 7ti,4(U
Sl.IFr'KK ANI> SPRAV BATHS
Nt.ile Female
30 ; C
31"
1 1 I a»
Female 1 Total
U 12 I 13
17,437 3,7.32 21.16!'
83,658 35,897 ' 119.555
23,928 n.n4.'> : 32,973
36 24,973 I 9,928 34,901
33
B.ither& per
Ritli or Spray
Male Female
14 I 16
23)2
1088 1131
832 I 1A55
fi47 23,434 684 1092
15,025 8,014
1.H4.-. 1,263 3,208
486 421
31..-<71 8,334 40,205
237
APPENDIX I
TURKISH AND RUSSIAN UATHS
Accom.
iiioda-
tion
Feiualf, Total
Total attendanci-:
288,449
66,038
104,192
60,079
50,195
1,945
48,994
9,045
7,092
75,083
76,074
61,794
1,263 :J,20S
3,196 50,389
ioi;,o7c 10,1)30 iie,ti06
ATTENDANCE I'EK lOOO
OF Population
inning Private
Hath I ISaths
309
Total
including
Turkisli
and
Russian
ir.l 132 383
Wash-houses
Accommodation
Mangling
1
Date
OF
estab-
Remarks
LISH-
ment
1913
i
1
School Board pay class fee
a(3ded to
and tuition.
1914
» Figures iyi5-16.
» Includes 31,993 soldiers.
' Swimming bath gilted.
* In cla'xses.
* Includes superannuation,
£52 and £237 ; capital ex-
penditure in Ligoriiel
Baths, paid out ot revenue.
' Levied to meet expenditure
under Baths and Wash-
houses Act.
1879
* Includes 1 spray.
- At id. per tablet.
' Includes (or laundry wor4c,
£115.
* In classes.
' One day per week.
1888
' At ^d. per tablet.
=" Includes compensation and
costs re accident, £97.
' In classes.
1893
* Gvmnasium fers.
« At id. per tablet.
' In classes.
* One day per week.
1890
' Includes 5 sprays.
* Gymnasium tickets.
'At Ad. per tablet.
• In classes.
* One day per week.
•
' Includes 2 lassar baths.
' Includes I lassar bath.
^ Spray.
1901
' Inchides October.
«
' River bathing.
ISftn
^ Hire of gymnasium.
since
' Exclusive of Saturday.
added to
manghng only.
1910
* Paid out of borough fund.
» 100 tickets.
'J R
238
B REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WA8H-H0USES
INCOME
Bath Fees
wash-
HOUSK
Pay-
Rent
FOR
PREMISES
Miscellaneous
TulAL
RKCEIPIS
\AMi-; or I'LACE
I'OPl LA-
rioN
I'nvale
Spray
Turkish
Russian
Season
Tickets
not in.
eluded
in forc-
Roine
Bath
Hire by
Clubs.
Galas,
etc.
Swim-
ming
Lessons
Con-
tribu-
tion for
School
Children
Total
Towels
and
Cos.
tumes
Soap
other
Items
Total
l(i,877
1
2
3
4
i
£
E
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
le
KOXBURGHSHIRE
1'. Hawick ' .
£
£
294
£
£
£
£
£
18
£
556
£
£
£
82
£
£
£
82
£
038
IRELAND.
ANTRIM
C.B. Belfast .
:;.sri,!)47
i.
••
•■
32611
Peter's HUl .
222
361
B
•■
588
••
18 =
125"
143
731
' I nieau
Avenue
650
467
1117
4
11'
31
46
11152
lemplemor-
Avenue
337
300
637
20 '
3
9"
73
84
748
Kails Baths
284
210
17
••
••
517
■10 =
3
10'
9
22
580
Ligoniel Baths
..
23
4
..
27
*'
1
3
30
CORK
C.B. Coik
Municipa!
Swimmin;^
Baths
711,073
•
*
•
«
•
•
•
nil
Weir Bath.~ '
*
*
•
CO. DUBLIN
C.B. Dublin
:1I14.SU:;
S46
746
1292
57
2S'
1
1
1378
1 LONDONDERRY
C.B. Londondem
40.780
32
••
32
••
••
32
239
APPENDIX 1
I II-FICIT
.MET BV I TuTAI.
ASSESS- IINCOME
MP.NT I
17_
>:
638
3782 : 7032
u;J I 1174
1741 2320
1220 2508
EXPENDITURE
CHARGES FOR PKKMISES
and
Loan
Charges
19
80
Rates. Ke-
Taxeb. iicwala
Insur- 4nd
ance Repair^
£
Id
24
£
104
140 541
30 13
£
123
Bath upkeep
Salaries I Heating
and I and
VVaRcs : Lighting
£
272
£
168
201
204
35
yO'J ! 767
Towels
and
Cos-
tumes
£
21
Soap
J^"^ I Total
Clean-
£
462
,
84
Miscellaneous
Printing
and
Station-
ery
£
10
Other I
Iteiii<. '
£
2
17
£
12
TOIAL
I'XPENDI-
TURi;
£
597
7032'
2508
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
1879
1833
1393
1890
1913 School Board pay class fee
add^d to and tuition.
1914 ' Figures 1915-16.
* Includes 31,993 soldiers.
' Swimming bathgilted.
* In classes.
* Includes suTierannuatlon,
£52 and £237 ; capital ex-
penditure in Ligoniel
Baths, paid out of revenue.
* Levied to meet expenditure
under Baths and Wash-
houses Act.
* Includes 1 spray.
-At id. per tablet.
" Includes £or laundry wori£,
£115.
' In classes.
^ One day per week.
1 At id. per tablet.
* Includes compensation and
costs re accident, £97.
' In classes.
* Gvmnasium fees.
« At id. per tablet.
' Jn classes.
* One day per week.
' Includes 5 sprays.
' Gymnasium tickets.
' At Ad. per tablet.
* In classes.
* One day per week.
* Includes 2 lassar baths.
' Includes 1 lassar bath.
' Spray.
1901
1885
since
added to
1910
Inchides October.
River bathing.
* Hire of gymnasium.
' E.tclusive of Saturday,
mangling only.
* Paid out of borough fund.
" 100 tickets.
240
C REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
N.\MK rtV PLACE
ROXBURGHSHIRE
r. Hawick ' .
IRELAND.
ANTRIM
f.B. Belfast
Peter's Hill
' t Tieati
.Avenue
t emplemorr
\venue
Kails Batlis
Ligoniel Baths
i:ORK
C.B. Cork
Muni ci pa!
SwimmJtiL:
Batbs
ir«> Bath! '
t O. DUBLIN
C.B. Dublin
1 LONDONDERRY
C.B. Londonderr>-
lli,87
40.7Sn
Rath
AID
Cost
Percenta(;i£S
SCALE OF
uv Id.
Income
Expenditure
1
Revenue
Sivinuuing Batli
IMvate
Expendi-
ture
U.itli
Fees
Wasll.
Hoiuc
j
Cliarge
for
Premises
Upkeep
Miscel-
laneous
Male
Female
Children
Male
Female
Otlier
Items
R.-lle
Aid
Salaries,
etc
Otlier
Items
1
2
3
4
E
6
7
8
45-6
9
10
11
lOGU
IS
2d.
13
14
U
16
£
03D»
87-1
12-8
••
20-6
31-8
20
2d.
Id., id.'
s4d.
s4d.
57,773
•5'
••
538
■
••
46-2
••
ll.J.SJ
•
.-lO-l
12-2
37-7
20-5
46-9
300
2-T
62-3
3d., 2d.,
Id.
fj
s6d.,
4d.,2d.
s6d..
4d.,2d.
12,1)42
•
01)0
2-5
37-6
36-6
29-9
23-7
9»
62-5
3d., 2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
id.'
6d.,s
4d.,2d.
sM.
4d., 2d.
14,(j(Jti
•
54-5
9-4
36-0
26-2
43-1
27-4
3-2
04 0
3d., 2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
fj
s6d.,
4d., 2d.
s6d.,
4d.,2d.
16,674
•
22-3
2-7
750
56-4
23-8
16-9
2'H
25'0
3d., 2d.,
Id.
3d., 2d.,
Id.
¥/
sOd.,
4d.,2d.,
Id.
s6d.,
4d.,2d.
2,069
'
12-4
1-4
86'7
30-3
41-3
23-4
50
13-8
4Jd.,
2id.,
lid,"
8i:
lid.'
7,»82
«
«
•
•
•
•
>
•
•
*
•
*
«
•
*
1(5/)],
3d., F.
F.
3d., F.
(2/6)
F.
12,48U
•33
49-7 2-2 1-1
47-0
«
3S-.T
•
«
530
4d.,
[2d.],
2d., Id.
4d.
2d.,
IJd..
s6d.,
3d.
s6d.,
3d.
•
. . '
271
1
i ■■
1
1 "'
72-9
•
1
*
•
•
27-1
••
••
s (10/),'
2d.
5(10/),*
2d.
241
APPENDIX I
Average Hours per Week
Date
OF
ESTAB-
LISH-
MENT
Remarks
[
(May to September)
(October to April)
Baths
Turkish
Bith^
Wash.
House
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash.
House
26
Swimming
Bath
Private
Baths
Wash.
House
31
Whole Time
Part Time
or,„„,crs
Tot.il
in
Sum*
Total
in
Win.
ter
37
Children
17
Male
IS
Fe.
male
19
First
Hour
20
Per
Subse-
quent
Hour
21
Male
22
Fe-
malt
23
Male
1
Fe-
male
6
Male
27
Fe.
male
28
Male
29
Fe-
male
30
Male
32
Fe-
male
33
Male
34
Fe-
male
3S
36
sld.
sld.
sld.
sld.
5 :icl.,
!{d.,F.
Id.
Id.
•
92
•
«
•
82"
•
78
•
«
«
•
IS'
«
5
58
92
92
92
92
•
78
48
25
92
92
S2
92
«
76
24
60'
Op
80
Op
(1)G
nasi
(2)0
(1)G
nasi
(2) 0
Clo
•
(1)G
nasi
(2)0
en
en
ym-
um
pen
ym
um
pen
•■
sed
•
ym-
uni
pen
68
80
80
80
80
•
*
48
25
80
80
80
80
..
«
24
60'
2
6
7
7
a
10
1
2
..
5
8
3
3
•
•
7
1
1
1
1
1
•
•
•
*
12
11
11
10
«
«
I"
2
4
12
11
11
10
•
•
•
1913
a(3ded to
1814
1879
18S8
1893
1890
•
1901
•
1885
since
added to
1910
i
School Board pay cjass fee
and tuition.
' Figures 1915-16.
* Includes 31,993 soldiers.
' Swimming bath gifted.
* In classes.
^ Includes suTierannuation, 1
£52 and £237 ; capital ex- 1
pendjture in Ligoniel j
Baths, paid out of revenue. :
* Levied to meet expenditure i
under Baths and Wash- 1
houses Act. 1
* Includes 1 spray.
2 At id. per tablet.
* Includes lor laundry wor-k,,
£115.
* In classes.
* One day per week.
> At ^d. per tablet.
* Includes corapensation and
costs re accident, £97.
' In classes.
* Gvmnasium fees.
" At ^d. per tablet.
' In classes.
* One day per week.
^ Includes 5 sprays.
" Gymnasium tickets.
"At Ad. per tablet. !
* In classes.
* One day per week.
' Includes 2 lassar baths. ,
» Includes I lassar bath. i
» Spray. ;
» Includes October.
' River bathing.
* Hire of gymnasium.
' Kxclusive' of Saturday,
mangling only.
' Paid out of borough fund.
» 100 tickets.
242
APPENDIX II
LIST OF PLACES WITH MINOR FACILITIES
OR FROM WHICH NO INFORMATION HAS BEEN OBTAINED
ENGLAND
BEDFORDSHIRE
M.B. Bedford.
BERKSHIRE
M.B. Walling/ord.
Windsor.
R.D.C. Cookham.
Faringdon. P
Pangboume, R.f
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
M.B. High Wycombe. P
U.D.C. Aylesbury.
Chesham.
CAMBRIDGESHIRE
U.D.C. Ely, R. P
CHESHIRE
U.D.C. Northwich.
Sale.
Sandbach. P
CORNWALL
M.B. Launceslon.
Penzance. P
Truro. P
U.D.C. St. Austell, R.
R.D.C. Port leaac, S.B.t
CUMBERLAND
U.D.C. Keswick.
Penrith, R. P
Wigton.
DERBYSHIRE
II n n ) Matlock. P
^•"•'"- ) Matlock. P
R.D.C. Milford.
West Hallam. P
DEVONSHIRE
M.B. Bideford, R.
Dartmouth, S.B.
Okehampton. P
South Molton, R.
U.D.C. Dawlish, S.B.
Exmouth, S.B. P
Ilfrncombe. P
Newtti7i Abbot, F.
Paignton, S.B.
Teignmouth, S.B.
R.D.C. Westward Bo. P
DORSET
M.B. Pooh, S.B.
Weymouth, S.B.
DURHAM
M.B. Jiirrow-on-Tyne.
U.D.C. SeahamHarbour,S,.B.
R.D.C. Lumley, R. P
ESSEX
M.B. Harwich, S.B.
Maldon, R.
U.n.(.'. Braintree.
Clacton-on-Sea, S.B. P
Grays.
Romford.
GLOUCESTERSHIRE
M.B. Tewkesbury, R.
R.D.C. Stoneh^mse.
HAMPSHIRE AND ISLE OF
WIGHT
C.B. Boumeinouth. P
M.B. Lymington. P
I Winchester (Slipper
< Baths).
( Winchester.
U.D.C. Sandoivn, S.B.
Ventnor, S.B.
HEREFORDSHIRE
M.B. I Hereford. P
\ Hereford R.
HERTFORDSHIRE
M.B. Hemd-Hempstead.
U.D.C. Bishop Stortford, v..
Cheshunt. V
Hitchin.
Rickmansworth. P
R.D.C. Letchworth. P
HUNTINGDONSHIRE
S. Ives.
I ISLE OF MAN
Peel. P
Port Erin. P
Ramsey. P
KENT
M.B. Chatham. P
Gillingham. P
Margate. P
Rochester (Watt's
i Charity). P
' U.D.C. Heme Bay, S.B.
' Northfleet. P
Sevenoaks.
LANCASHIRE
C.B. Southport.
M.B. Accrington.
Ashton-under-LjTie.
Clitheroe, R.
Lancaster.
Leigh.
P Morecambe, S.B.
Widnes.
LANCASHIRE— conttnued
U.D.C. Ashton-in-Makefield.
Fleetwood, S.B.
i Lytham, S.B.
I J/i/tham, S.B. P
R.D.C. Ainsdale, S.B.
Edenjield.
LEICESTERSHIRE
R.D.C. Oadby.
LINCOLNSHIRE.
C.B. Grimsby.
U.D.C. Gainsborough.
Skegness. P
MIDDLESEX
M.B. Eahng.
NORTHUMBERLAND
U.D.C. Whitley and Monkseaton.
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE
M.B. Mansfield.
U.D.C. Sutton-in-Ashfield.
OXFORDSHIRE
C.B. / Oxford, R.
I Oxford. P
M.B. Henley, R.
K.D.C. Shiplake. R.
SHROPSHIRE
U.D.C. Wellington
R.D.C. Market Drayton, R.
SOMERSET
M.B. Wells.
Yeovil.
U.D.C. Frome.
Wellington. P
WestonSuper-Maro.
STAFFORDSHIRE
C.B. West Bromwich.
U.D.C. Bilston.
SUFFOLK
M.B. Lowestoft. P
U.D.C. Felixstowe. P
SURREY
M.B. Kingston. upon-Tharaes.
U.D.C. Farnham.
Leatherhead. P
Sutton.
Walton-on -Thames. P
Weybridge.
R.D.C. Earlswnnd.
Horley, R. P
Shere.
SUSSEX
C.B Hastings.
M.B. Arundel.
Lewes.
WARWICKSHIRE
U.D.C. Rugby.
WILTSHIRE
M.B. Chippenham.
Marlborough.
U.D.C. Bradford-on-Avon.
WORCESTERSHIRE
U.D.C. Redditoh.
R.D.C. Halesowen.
YORKSHIRE
C.B. Rotherham.
M.B. Pontefract.
U.D.C. Elland.
Heckmondwite.
Ilkley. P
Odey, R.
Queensbury. P
Shipley.
WALES
CARNARVONSHIRE
M.B. Bangor.
GLAMORGANSHIRE
C.B. Merthvr TydKl. P
U.D.C. Mountain Ash. P
MONMOUTHSHIRE
U.D.C. Abersychan.
Abertillery.
'1) Open-air Bath.
(2) Powell's Tillery
Institute. P
SCOTLAND
AYRSHIRE
P. Prestwick. P
BUTE
R.B. Rothesay.
HADDINGTONSHIRE
R.B. Dunbar, S.B.
ROXBURGHSHIRE
R.B. Galashiels.
t Tho letters S.B. and R. denote Sea ond River Baths respootivoly.
243
APPENDIX III
SCHOOL BATHS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
No. of
No-ofSprkys ^^ ^^
No. of
Total No.
Using
Date of
!
1 Namk op
Place Swimming
Boys
Girls
Establish-
Remarks
Baths
Boys 1 Girls
Using t
Using t
ment
1 I
2,3 4
S
G
7
1
ENGLAND AND WALES
1
Birkenhead .
1
. ' *
•
«
•
No information received.
Birmingham
1
Floodgatt St.
• « •
•
•
•
Wash and shower baths.
Bradford
Lapage St. *
1 14 ■ 600
270
870
1903
' School children have sole use of bath i
3 days per week. |
* Includes 4 slipper baths.
Grange Road '
1 17' «0U
420
1020
1905
* School children have sole use of bath
3 days per week. ,
■ Includes 6 slipper baths.
Wibsey' .
.1 20 « 120
80
180
1900
' School children have sole use of bath
3 days per week.
" Includes 10 slipper baths.
Feversham St.'
1 • •
288
240
624 »
•
* Under joint management of Baths and
Education Committees.
' In.cl. 96 infants, undifferentiated.
Wapping Rd. '
1 " *
240
312
552
•
' Under joint management of Baths and
Education Committees.
Bowling Back La
ne . . . . . •
*
«
450
circa 1909
Tyersal
* *
♦
«
240
«
Green Lane '
'.'.'. 1
862
480
13S2
*
' Under joint management of Baths and
Education Committees.
Buttershaw
• «
•
•
60
«
Underclifle
Brighton
St. Luke's Terra
• •
«
•
250
*
ce . . . 1
52r. '
432"
957'
•
^ Number attending for instruction.
April 27 to November 20, 1913.
Combe Rd.
12
*
•
270
1912
Bristol
Castle School ■
1
..
*
«
•
*
* Used exclusively for school swimming.
Day Industrials
chool ' . . 1
•
«
«
«
' A very small bath ; used only by Day
Industrial scholars.
Chelmsford '
* •
•
•
*
*
* No information received. i
Chesterfield '
'. '. V
«
•
•
luin
* Open to the public 34 hours a week ;
reserved for school children during
school-hours.
Han-.vell ■ .
* «
m
«
*
*
' The sprays have been " of great value."
Leeds '
'.'.'. 3
«
«
35,676 '
•
^ Under Baths Committee.
- Number of attendances for instruction
during summer months.
Liverpool
Stanley Rd.
1
lOO
100
1875
Daisy St. .
1
100
100
1883
Webster Rd.
1
150
100
250
1887
Brae St. .
1
50
40
90
1887
St. Michael's
1
40
40
80
1889
Sefton Park
1
150
100
250
1895
Beaufort St.
1
400
60
460
1895
Ratbboue
1
360
200
560
1896
Harrington
1
75
75
150
1897
1
Heywood St.
1
300
140
440
1897
1
Granton Rd.
2
240
240
1901
1
Birchfield Rd.
1 1 I'
350
200
550
1902
' Cold.
Boaler St.
1
1 '
350
100
450
1902
» Cold.
Lawrence Rd.
1
..
eoo
200
800
1902
Longmoor Lane
1
2
300
180
480
1905
1
Anfield Rd.
1
2
200
200
400
1907
St. Augustine's
8
300
300
1912
West Derby St.
9
200
210
410
1914
London
1
Blackfriar's Schc
wl.SK . . 1
•
•
•
•
Lybam Rd., Bri
Hon ... I
•
•
•
•
Northampton
Barry Rd.
I
• 1
* 1
» 1
1902
' School childien taught to swim, 1600
approx., October 31 to May 1.
Nottingham
Stanley Rd. '
I
250
200
450
1895 1
Sycamore Rd. '
.1
120
80
200
1897 1
» Small bath for purposes of instruction
Leen Side '
1
80
100
180
1900 f
only.
Albert St. '
1
120
80
200
1906 I
Oldham
. • •
• 1
• 1
• 1
1914
* Owing to the war the systematic
bathing of chihlren has only recently
been commenced ; it is therefore too
early to (onu an opinion upon the
1
working of the scheme.
t Fibres in these columns represent weekly average unless a special note is appended.
244
EEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Name of Place
ENGLAND AND WALES-
contiKued
Pontypridd
Tretorest ....
MiU St.
Sheffield
Crofts ' .
Whitby Rd. ' .
Motley St. '
Southall-Norwood *
Todmorden *
Torquay
Trowbridge .
WaiTington *
Bolton
Evelyn St.
West Ham
Gainsborough Rd.
No. of
Swimming
Baths
No. of Sprays
No. of
Boys
No. of
Girls
Boys
Girls
Rosetta Rd.
SCOTLAND
Aberdeen * ,
Middle School
Edinburgh ' .
Abbeyhill .
Broughton
Brunts&eld
Sciennes
North Canongate
Milton House
Day Industrial .
Tynecastle
Glasgow '
Short Tenn Industrial
Govan St.
DovehiU .
Camlachie
Anniield .
CranstonbiU
Martyr's School
Calton
Bluevale ,
Dobbie's Loan
East Park
Springfield
Washington St.
HoUybrook St.
Centre St.
Bumside .
Bernard St.
Shakespeare
Govan Schools ^
Strathbungo
Lome St. .
BcHahouston Academy
Broomloan Rd. ,
Greenfield
Balshagray
Stewartvillc
Church St.
Leith '
24'
1
24'
20
20
20
10
16
16
22
10
5
26
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
0
usmgT
4
Usmg t
3963'
993'
1189'
488 •
600
600
600
•
500
600
600
*
• s
* 3
1 .
*
185
4967'
3693'
3257'
3653'
430'
320'
approx.
approx.
513'
251
•
*
*
•
•
•
369'
180'
375
•
•
•
•
*
*
Total No. E?,\^3\,7„.
Remarks
336,'
152'
4,756'
1,677 '
1,000
1,000
1,000
185
10,242 '
8,727 '
750'
approx.
764
549
375
488 >
1913
1914
1912
1913
1915
•
1905
1913
1913
1914
1913
1892
1902
*
1905
14,352
1908
13,139
1909
14,363
1909
12,890
1911
8,424
1911
16,259
19U
19,818
1912
9,660
1913
1.0,421
1913
16,000
1913
23,200
1913
10,880
1914
3,300
1914
1915
1916
1916
1916
1896
* There are also 3 foot-baths and a slipper
bath in each school.
' This figure represents the total number
of attendances made during the
year.
* Attended by children from adjacent j
schools, both council and non-provided
' The sprays have been " of great value."
* Used by the public out of school-hours.
' Slipper.
' No record kept.
* supper.
* Figures for 1914.
» No. of baths taken in 1914. Total in-
cludes infants, sex undiflerentiated.
' From June 1914 only.
* Provision made only allows of bath
about once a fortnight, as 75% of the
children bathe.
* To be opened shortly.
' Plans for further provision postponed
owiBg to \var.
^ Includes 100 evening scholars.
' The School Board proWde 3 instructors
for these baths, and about 3U00 chil-
dren per annum receive instruction.
Swimming classes are also carried on
in connection with evening continua-
tion schools.
' Includes 75 evening scholars.
" Includes 05 evening scholars.
' Large bathing tank.
' Large plunge bath, and also special
attendant and facilities for infants.
' It is estimated that over G0% of the
children in these schools bathe weekly.
The figures given represent total ,
attendance at the baths during the
session. i
I * Instruction provided, and certain baths
j open all day d'lring summer holidays, ,
on payment of small fee. Average
number of children taught to swim,
1000 per annum.
^ A new school has been fitted with
I sprays. i
• For one week in siimmer ; fipuies for a ,
I w^k in winter were : boysj b7 : yirU. i
27.
t Figures in these columns represent weekly average unless a special note is appended.
APPENDIX IV
TEXT OF LEGISLATION IN REGARD TO PUBLIC BATHS
AND WASH-HOUSES
ENGLAND
An Act to encourage the Establishment of public Baths and Wash-houses.
[2Gth August 1846.]
Whereas it is desirable for the Health, Comfort, and Welfare of the Inhabitants of Towns and
popiilous Districts to encourage the EstabUshment therein of public Baths and Wash-houses and
open Bathing Places: ...........
3. And be it enacted, That the Council of any such Borough as aforesaid may, if they tliink fit,
determine that this Act shall be adopted for such Borough, and then and in such Case such of the Pro-
visions of this Act as are appUcable in that Behalf shall thenceforth take effect and come into operation
in such Borough, and this Act shall be carried into execution in such Borough in accordance with such
Provisions and the Laws for the Time being in force relating to the Municipal Corporation of such
Borough.
4. And be it enacted. That the Expenses of carrying this Act into execution in any such Borough
in which the Council shall have resolved to adopt this Act for their Borough shall be chargeable upon
and paid out of the Borough Fund, and for that Rirpose the CtouncU may levy \vith and as Part of the
Borough Rate, or by a separate Rate to be assessed, levied, paid, and recovered in like Manner and with
the bko Powers and Remedies in all respects as the Borough Rate, such Sums of Money as shall be from
Time to Time necessary for defraying such Expenses, and shaD apply the same accordingly as if the
Expense of carrying this Act into execution were an Expense necessarily incurred in carrying into
effect the Provisions of the said Act of the Sixth Year of the Reign of His late Majesty ; and the Income
arising from the Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places in any Borough shall be paid to the
Credit of the Borough Fund thereof, and the Council shall keep distinct Accounts of their Receipts,
Payments, Credits, and Liabilities, with reference to the Execution of this Act, to be called "The
pubhc Baths and Wash-houses Account."
5. And be it enacted. That upon the Requisition in Writing of Ten or more Rate-payers of any such
Parish as aforesaid, not being within any such incorporated Borough, the Churchwardens or other
Persons to whom it belongs to convene Meetings of the Vestry in such Parish shall convene a Meeting
of the Vestry for the special Purpose of determining whether this Act shall be adopted for the Parish,
after public Notice of such Vestry, and the Place and Hour of holding the same, and the special Purpose
thereof, given in the usual Manner in which Notice of the Meetings of the Vestry is given at least Seven
Days before the Day to be appointed for holding such Vestry ; and if thereupon it shall be resolved by
the Vestry that this Act ought to be adopted for the Parish, a Copy of such Resolution extracted from
the Minutes of the Vestry, and signed by the Chairman, shall be sent to One of Her Majesty's Principal
Secretaries of State for his Approval, and as soon as such Approval shall have been signified in Writing
under the Hand of any such Secretary of State, such of the Provisions of this Act as are applicable
in that Behalf shall thenceforth take effect and come into operation in the Parish : Provided always,
that no such Resolution of the Vestry shall be deemed to be carried unless at least Two Thirds of the
Number of Votes given on the Question according to the usual Manner of voting at such Vestry shall
have been given for such Resolution.
6. And be it enacted, That in such Case the Vestry shall appoint not less than Three nor more than
Seven Persons, being Rate-payers of the Parish, Commissioners for canying this Act into execution in
the Parish, of whom One Third, or as nearly as may be One Third (to be determined among themselves),
shall go out of Office yearly, but shall be eligible for immediate Re-appointhient.
7. And be it enacted, That any Commissioner may at any Time resign his Office as a Commissioner
on giving Seven Days' Notice in Writing of his Intention to resign to the Clerk, and also to the Church-
wardens.
Council of any
Borough ma}'
adopt the Provi-
sions contained in
this Act, if they
think fit.
Expenses of carry-
ing this Act into
execution shall be
charged upon the
Borough Fund,
and Income arising
carried to same.
On the Requisition
of Ten Rate-payers,
Churchwardens,
&c., to convene
Vestry Meeting to
determine whether
this Act shall be
adopted.
If Vestry resolve
to adopt the Act, a
Copy of Restilution
to be sent to Secre-
tary of State, &c.
No Resolution
deemed to be car-
ried unless Two
Thirds vote for it.
AVhere Act
adopteil Vestry to
appoint Commis-
sioners for carrj'-
ing the same into
execution.
Resignation of
Commissioners.
when 1
8. And be it enacted, That any Vacancies in the Commissionership may be filled up by the Vestry ^'acancies to be
a and as the Vestry shaU think fit. «"<='! "P ''3" '^'e»"
estry.
9. And be it enacted. That the Commissioners shall meet at least once in every Calendar Month Meetings of the
at their Office, or some other convenient Place previously publicly notified. Commissioners.
2t
246
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Special Meetings
or Comm isBionerfl,
Quorum of Meet-
ings o£ Commis-
sioners.
Commissioners
may appoint and
remove Officers,
&c.
Minutes of Pro-
ceedings of Com-
missioners to be
entered in a Bool<.
Commissioners to
keep Accounts,
which shall bo
open to Inspec-
tion.
Penalty for refus-
ing to allow
Inspection.
Auditors to be
appointed yearly,
who shall examine
the Accounts and
report to Vestries.
Expenses of exe-
cuting Act in any
Parish to be paid
out of the Poor's
Rate.
Overseers to levy,
as Part of the
Poor's Rate, such
Sums as Vestry
shall deem neces-
sary to pay
Expenses.
Monies raiseil,
and the Income
arising from
]>aths, &c., in
the Parish, to be
applied towards
defraying Ex-
penses.
N'cstrics of Two
or more Parishes
may concur in
carrying this Act
into execution,
subject to the
Approval of
Secretary of
Stale.
10. And be it euacted, That the Commissioners may meet at such other Time as at any previous
Meeting shall be deteniiined upon, and it shall be at all Times competent for any One Commissioner,
by Writing under his Hand, to summon, with at least Forty-eight Hours' Notice, the Commissioners
for any special Purpose therein named, and to meet at such Times as shall be therein named.
11. And be it enacted. That at aU Meetings of the Commissioners any Number not less than One
Thu-d of the whole Number when more than Three Commissioners shall have been appointed, and when
only Three Commissioners shall have been appointed then any Number not less than Two Commissioners,
shall be a sufficient Number for transacting Business, and for exercising aU the Powers of the
Commissioners.
12. And be it enacted. That the Commissioners shall appoint, and may remove at pleasure, a Clerk
and such other Officers and Servants as shall be necessary for effecting the Purposes of this Act, and,
with the Approval of the Vestry, may appoint reasonable Salaries, Wages, and Allowances for such
Clerk, Officers, and Servants, and, when necessary, may hire and rent a sufficient Office for holding their
Meetings and transacting their Business, and may agree for and pay a reasonable Rent for such Office.
13. And be it enacted, That all Orders and Proceedings of the Commissioners shall be entered in
Books, to be kept by them for that Purpose, and shall be signed by the Commissioners, or any Two of
them ; and all such Orders and Proceedings so entered, and purporting to be so signed, shall be deemed
to be original Orders and Proceedings ; and such Books may be produced and read as Evidence of
all such Orders and Proceedings upon any Appeal, Trial, Information, or other Proceeding, civU or
criminal, and in any Court of Law or Equity whatsoever.
14. And be it enacted, That the Commissioners shall provide and keep Books in which shall be
entered true and regular Accounts of all Sums of Monej' received and paid for or on account of the
Purposes of this Act in the Parish, and of aU Liabilities incurred by them for such Purposes, and of the
several Purposes for which such Sums of Money shall have been paid and such Liabilities shall have
been incurred ; and such Books shall at all reasonable Times be open to the Examination of every
Commissioner, Churchwarden, Overseer, and Rate-payer, without Fee or Reward, and they respectively
may take Copies of or Extracts from such Books, or any Part thereof, without pajong for the same ;
and in ease the Commissioners, or any of them, or any of their Officers or Servants having the Custody
of the said Books, being thereunto reasonably requested, shall refuse to permit or shall not permit
any Churchwarden, Overseer, or Rate-payer to examine the same, or take any such Copy or Extract,
every Commissioner, Officer, or Servant so offending shall tor every such Offence forfeit any Sum not
exceeding Five Pounds.
15. And be it enacted. That the Vestry shall yearly appoint Two Persons, not being Commissioners,
to be Auditors of the Accounts of the Commissioners, and at such Time in the Month of March in every
Year after the Adoption of this Act for the Parish as the Vestry shall appoint the Commissioners shall
produce to the Auditors their Accounts, with sufficient Vouchers for all Monies received and paid, and
the Auditors shall examine such Accounts and Vouchers, and report thereon to the Vestry.
16. And be it enacted, That the Expenses of carrying this Act into execution in any Parish not
within any such incorporated Borough to such Amount as shall be from Time to Time sanctioned by the
Vestry sliall be chargeable upon and paid out of the Monies to be raised or applicable for the ReUef of
the Poor of the Parish,
17. And be it enacted. That for defraying the Expenses which shall have been or shall be incurred
in carrying this Act into execution in the Parish the Vestry may and shall from Time to Time order
the Overseers to levy with and as Part of the Rate for the Relief of the Poor of the Parish such Sums
as the Vestry shall deem necessary", and tlie Amount thereof shall accordingly be assessed, levied, paid,
and recovered in like Manner, and yvith the like Powers and Remedies in all respects, as such Rate, and
shall be paid by the Overseers, according to the Order of the Vestry, to such Person as shall be appointed
by the Commissioners to receive the same, and his Receipt shall be a sufficient Discharge to the Over-
seers for the same, and shall be allowed accordingly in passing their Accounts.
18. And be it enacted, That the Money raised for defraying the Expenses of carrying this Act into
execution, and the Income arising from the Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places in the
Parish, shall be applied by the Commissioners in or toward defraying the Expenses of carrying tliis Act
into execution in the Parish : and yvhenever, after Repayment of all Monies borrowed for the Purpose of
carrying this Act into execution in the Parish, and the Interest thereof, and after satisfying all the
Liabilities of the Commissioners with reference to the Execution of this Act in the Parish, and providing
svich a Balance as shall be deemed by the Commissioners sufficient to meet their probable Liabilities
during the then next Year, there shall be at the Time of holding the Meeting of the Vestry at which
the yearly Report of the Auditors shall be produced any surplus Money at the Disposal of the Com-
missioners, they shall pay the same to the Overseers in aid of the Rale for the Relief of the Poor of
the Parish.
19. And be it enacted. That the Vestries of any Two or more neighbouring Parishes which shall
have respectively adopted this Act may concur in carrying this Act into execution in such Parishes in
such Manner not inconsistent with the Provisions of this Act, and for such Time, as they shall mutually
agree ; and for that Purpose it may, yvith the Apjiroval of such Secretary of State, be agreed on bctyveen
such Vestries that any public Baths and Wash-liouses and open Bathing Places shall be erected and
made in any One of such Parishes to be vested in the Commissioners thereof, and that the Expenses
247
LEGISLATION IN REGARD TO BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Incorporation of
Commissioners.
Councils, &c.,
may borrow
Jlonej- for the
Purposes of tlie
Act, with the
Approval of the
Treasurj-.
of carrying this Act into execution with reference to the same shall be borne by such Parishes in such
Proportions as such Vestries shall mutually agree, and the Proportion for each of such Parishes of such
Expenses shall be chargeable upon and paid out of the Monies to be raised for the Relief of the Poor
of the same respective Parish accordingly ; and, according and subject to the Terms which shall have
been so agreed on, the Commissioners appointed for each of such Parishes shall, in the Management
of the said Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places, form One Body of Commissioners, and shall
act accordingly in the Execution of this Act, and the Accounts and Vouchers of such Commissioners
shall be examined and reported on by the Auditors of each of such Parishes ; and the surplus Money
at the Disposal as aforesaid of such Commissioners shall be paid to the Overseers of such Parishes
respectively in the same Proportions as those in which such Parishes shall be liable to such Expenses.
20. And for the more easy Execution of the Purposes of this Act, be it enacted, That the Com-
missioners of every such Parish shall be a Body Corporate, with perpetual Succession, which shall not
be deemed to be interrupted by any partial or total Vacancy from Time to Time in their Office, by the
Name of " The Commissioners for public Baths and Wash-houses in the Parish of ( ) in the
County of ( )," and by that Name may sue and be sued in all Courts, and before all Justices
and others, and may have and use a Common Seal, and by that Name may take, hold, and convey
any Lands vested in them for the Purposes of this Act.
21. And be it enacted. That for carrying this Act into execution in any Borough or Parish respec-
tively, the Council, with the Approval of the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury, and the Com-
missioners, with the Sanction of the Vestry, and also with the Approval of the Commissioners of Her
Majesty's Treasury, may from Time to Time borrow at Interest, on the Security of a Mortgage, as the
Case may be, of the Borough Fund, or of the Rates for the Relief of the Poor of the Parish, the Money
which may be by them respectively required, and shall apply the Monies so borrowed accordingly.
22. And be it enacted. That the Commissioners for carrying into execution an Act passed in the The Public Works
Second Session of the Fifth Year of the Reign of Her Majesty, intituled An Act to authorize the Advance Loan Commis-
of Money out of the Consolidated Fund to a limited Amount for airrying on Public Works and Fisheries sioners may
and Employment of the Poor, and to amend the Ads autliorizing the Issue of Exchequer Bills for the like for™he Purposes
Purposes, may from Time to Time make to the Council of any such Borough, or Commissioners of any of this Act.
such Parish respectively, for the Purposes of this Act, any Loan under the Provisions of the recited Act
or the several Acts therein recited or referred to, upon Security of the Borough Fund, or the Rates for
the Relief of the Poor of the Parish, as the Case may be.
23. And be it enacted. That the Provisions of the Companies Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845, 8 & 9 Vict..c. 16,
with respect to the borrowing of Money by any Company on Mortgage, and the Provisions of the same incorporated with
Act with respect to the Accountability of the Officers of the Company, and the Provisions of the same ^^}^ ^"^ f'"' ""''"
Act with respect to the making of Bye Laws, subject to the Provision hereinafter contained, and the
Provisions of the same Act with respect to the Recovery of Damages not specially provided for, and
Penalties, so far as such Provisions may respectively be applicable to the Purposes of this Act, shall be
respectively incorporated with this Act ; and the Expressions in such Provisions applicable to the
Company and the Directors shall apply as regards a Borough to the Council, and as regards a Parish
to the Commissioners ; and all Deeds and Writings which under such Provisions are required or directed
to be made or executed under the Common Seal of the Company shall in the Application of such Pro-
visions to this Act be deemed to be required or directed to be made or executed as regards a Borough
under the Common Seal of the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses, and as regards a Parish under the
Common Seal of the Commissioners ; and so much of such Provisions as are applicable to the " Secretary
of the Company " shaU apply to the Clerk ; and in such of the said Provisions as relate to the^Inspection
of Accounts as regards a Borough the Burgesses, and as regards a Parish the Rate-payers, shall have
the Privileges of Shareholders.
24. And be it enacted. That in any such Borough the Council, with the Approval of the Com-
missioners of Her Majesty's Treasury, may from Time to Time appropriate for the Purposes of this Act
in the Borough any Lands vested in the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses ; and in any such Parish the
Commissioners appointed under this Act, with the Approval of the Vestry and of the Guardians of the
Poor of the Parish (if any), and of the Poor Law Commissioners for England and Wales, may from Time
to Time appropriate for the Purposes of this Act in the Parish any Lands vested in such Guardians, or in
the Churchwardens, or in the Churchwardens and Overseers of the Parish, or in any Feoffees, Trustees,
or others, for the general Benefit of the Parish ; and in any such Parish the Commissioners, with the
Approval of the Vestry, and in any such Borough the Council, may from Time to Time contract for the
purchasing or renting of any Lands necessary for the Purposes of this Act, and the Property therein
shaU be vested in the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses in the Case of a Borough, or in the Commissioners
in the Case of a Parish.
25. And be it enacted, That the Council and Commissioners respectively may from Time to Time,
on any Lands so appropriated, purchased, or rented, or contracted so" to be respectively, erect g"gc\'°A*c" "lofli
any Buildings suitable for public Baths and Wash-houses, and as to such Wash-houses either with or g^'i^^ 'g,^j' w'ash-
without open Drying Grounds, and make any open Bathing Places, and convert any Buildings into houses and open
public Baths and Wash-housea, and may from Time to Time alter, enlarge, repair, and improve the same Bathing Places.
respectively, and fit up. furnish, and supply the same respectively with all requisite Furniture, Fittings,
and Conveniences.
Council may ap-
propriate, with
Consent of the
Treasury, Lands
vested in the
Mayor, kc.
Commissioners
may, with Ap-
proval of Vestry,
&c., appropriate
Lands belonging
to Parish ;
or contract for Pur-
chase (if the same.
Councils and Com-
248
KEPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WAvSH-HOUSES
Councils anil
Commissioners
may enter into
Contracts for the
Purposes of this
Act.
No Contract
above 10(M to he
entered into with-
out Notice.
Council or Com-
missioners may
purchase existing
Baths, &c.
Power to Water
and Gas Com-
panies to supply
Water and Gas
to Baths, &c.
Councillors and
Commissioners
not to be person-
ally liable.
Persons may
appeal against
Orders of
Councils and
Commissioners.
Council, &e.,
empowered to
make Sale and
E.xchange of
Lands, with Con-
sent.
When Baths, &c.,
are considered too
expensive they
may, with Ap-
proval of Trea-
sury, be sold, and
Proceeds of Sale
carried to Borough
I'und or Poor's
Rate.
26. And be it enacted. That the Council and Commissioners respectively may from Time to Time
enter into any Contract with any Persons or Companies for building and making, and for altering,
enlarging, repairing, and improving such public Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places, and
for supplying the same respectively with Water, and for lighting the same respectively, and for fitting
up the same respectively, and tor furnishing any Materials and Things, and for executing and doing
any other Works and Things necessary for the Purposes of this Act ; which Contracts respectively
shall specify the several Works and Tilings to be executed, furnished, and done, and the Prices to be
paid for the same, and the Times when the Works and Things are to be executed, furnished, and done,
and the Penalties to be suSered in Cases of Non-performance ; and^U such Contracts, or true Copies
thereof, shall be entered in Books to be kept for that Purpose : Provided always, that no Contract above
the Value or Sum of One hundred Pounds shall be entered into by the Council or the Commissioners, for
the Purposes of this Act, unless previous to the making thereof Fourteen Days' Notice shall be given in
One or more of the public Newspapers published in the County in which the Borough or Parish shall
be situated, expressing the Intention of entering into such Contract, in order that any Person willing to
undertake the same may make Proposals for that Purpose, to be offered to the Council or Commissioners
at a certain Time and Place in such Notice to be mentioned, but it shall not be incumbent on the Council
or Commissioners to contract with the Person offering the lowest Price.
27. And be it enacted. That the Council of any such Borough, and the Commissioners, with the
Approval of the Vestry of any such Parish, may, if they shall think fit, contract for the Purchase or
Lease of any Baths and Wash-houses already or hereafter to be built and provided in any such Borough
or Parish, and appropriate the same to the Piu^oses of this Act, with such Additions or Alterations as
they shall respectively deem necessary ; and the Trustees of any public Baths and Wash-houses which
have been already or may hereafter be built or provided in any such Borough or Parish by private
Subscriptions or otherwise may, with the Consent of the Council of any such Borough, or with the
Consent of the Commissioners, and Approval of the Vestry of any such Parish, and -n-ith the Consent
of a Majority of the Committee or other persons by whom they were appointed Trustees, sell or lease the
said Baths and Wash-houses to the said Council or Commissioners respectively, or make over to them
the Management of such Baths and Wash-houses ; and in all such Cases the Baths and Wash-houses
so purchased or leased, or of which the Management has been so made over, shaU be deemed to be
within the Provisions of this Act as fuUy as if they had been buUt or provided by the said CounoU or
Commissioners ; and the Property therein shaU be vested in the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses in
the Case of a Borough, or in the Commissioners in the Case of a Parish.
28. And be it enacted, That any Commissioners of Waterworks, Trustees of Waterworks, Water
Companies, Canal Companies, Gas Companies, and other Corporations, Bodies, and Persons having
the Management of any Waterworks, Canals, Resei'voirs, Wells, Springs, and Streams of Water, and
Gas Works respectively, may in their Discretion grant and furnish Supplies of Water or Gas for such
public Batlis and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places either without Charge or on such other favour-
able Terms as they shall think fit.
29. And be it enacted. That nothing in this Act contained shall render any Member of the Council
of any Borough, or any Commissioner, personally, or any of their Lands, Goods, Chattels, or Monies
(other than such Lands, Goods, Cliattels, or Monies as may be vested in or under the Management or
Control of the Council or Commissioners respectively in pursuance of this Act), liable to the Payment of
any Sum of Money as or by way of Compensation or Satisfaction for or in respect of any thing done or
suffered in due pursuance of this Act.
30. And be it enacted. That every Person who shall feel aggrieved by any Bye Law, Order, Direction,
or Appointment of or by the Coimcil or Commissioners shall have the like Power of Appeal to the General
Quarter Sessions as under the Provisions of the Companies Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845, incor-
porated with this Act, he might have if feeling aggrieved by any Determination of any Justice with
respect to any Penalty.
31. And be it enacted. That the Council, with the Approval of the Commissioners of Her Majesty'.s
Treasury, and the Commissioners appointed under this Act, with the Approval of the Vestry, and of the
Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury respectively, may from Time to Time make Sale and dispose
of any Lands vested in the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses, or in the Commissioners respectively for
the Purposes of this Act, and apply the Proceeds in or towards the Purchase of other Lands better
adapted for such Purposes, and may, with the like Approval, exchange any Lands so vested, and either
with, or Avithout paying or receiving any Money for Equality of Exchange, for any other Lands better
adapted for such Purposes, and the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses, or the Commissioners, may convey
the Lands so sold or exchanged accordingly.
32. And be it enacted. That whenever any Public Baths or Wash-houses or open Bathing Places
which shall have been for Seven Years or upwards established under the Authority of this Act shall
be determined by the Council or by the Vestry, in accordance with a pre%n'ous Recommendation of the
Commissioners, to be unnecessary or too expensive to be kept up, the Council or Commissioners, with
the Approval of the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury, may seU the same for the best Price that
can reasonably be obtained for the same, and the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses, or the Commis-
sioners, shall convey the same accordingly ; and the Purchase Money shall be paid to such Person as the
Council or Commissioners shall appoint, and his Receipt shall be a sufficient Discharge for the same ;
and the net Proceeds of such Sale shall be paid to the Credit of the Borough Fund, or of the Rate for the
Relief of tlie Poor of the Parish.
249
LEGISLATION IN REGARD TO BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
33. And be it enacted, That the general Management, Regulation and Control of the Public Baths
and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places established under this Act shall, subject to the Provisions
of this Act, be as to any Borough vested in and exercised by the Council, and as to any Parish vested in
and exercised by the Commissioners.
34. And be it enacted. That the Bye Laws which the CouncU and Commissioners respectively may
from Time to Time make, alter, repeal, and enforce shall include such Bye Laws for the Management,
Use, and Regulation of the Public Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places, and of the Persons
resorting thereto respectively, and for determining from Time to Time the Charges for the Use of such
Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places respectively, as the Council and Commissioners respec-
tively shall think fit, and they respectively may appoint any Penalty not exceeding Five Pounds for any
and every Breach, whether by their Officers or Servants, or by other Persons, of any Bye Law made by
them I'espectively ; and such Bye Laws shall make sufficient Provision for the seveiul Purposes respec-
tively expressed in the Schedule (A.) to this Act : Provided always, that no Bye Law, made under the
Authority of this Act shall be of any legal Force until the same shall have received the Approval of
One of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State.
35. And be it enacted. That a printed Copy or sufficient Abstract of the Bye Laws relating to the
Use of the Baths and open Bathing Places respectively shall be put up in every Bath Room and open
Bathing Place respectively ; and a printed Copy or suiBoient Abstract of the Bye Laws relating to the
Use of the Wash-houses shall be put up in some convenient Place near every Washing Tub or Trough,
or every Pair of Washing Tubs or Troughs, in every Wash-house.
36. And be it enacted. That the Number of Baths for the labouring Classes in any Building or
Buildings under the Management of the same Council or Commissioners shall not be less than Twice
the Number of the Baths of any higher Class if but One, or of all the Baths of any higher Classes if more
than One, in the same Building or Buildings.
37. And be it enacted, That the Council and the Commissioners respectively may from Time to
Time make such reasonable Charges for the Use of the Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing
Places respectively provided under this Act as they shall think fit, but not exceeding such Charges as
are mentioned in the Schedule (B.) annexed to this Act, unless for the Use of any Washing Tub or
Trough for more than Two Hours in any one Day, for which any Charges may be made which the Council
or Commissioners respectively shall deem reasonable.
38. And be it enacted. That for the Recovery of the Charges at such Wash-houses the Officers,
Servants, and others having the Management thereof may detain the Clothes brought to be washed or
other Goods and Chattels of any Person refusing to pay the Charge to which such Person may be liable,
or any Part thereof, till full Payment thereof be made, and in case such Payment be not made within
Seven Days may sell such Clothes, Goods, and Chattels, or any of them, returning the surplus Proceeds
of such Sale, after deducting the unpaid Charge and the Expenses of such Detention and Sale, and the
unsold Articles, if any, on demand, to such Person.
39. And be it enacted. That if any Clerk or other Officer, or any Servant who shall be in anywise
employed by any Council or Commissioners in pursuance of this Act, shall exact or accept any Fee or
Reward whatsoever tor or on account of anything done or forborne or to be done or forborne in pursuance
of this Act, or on any account whatsoever relative to putting this Act into execution, other than such
Salaries, Wages, or Allowances as shall have been appointed by the Council or Commissioners, or shall
in anywise be concerned or interested in any Bargain or Contract made by the Council or Commissioners
for or on account of anj^hing done or forborne or to be done or forborne in pursuance of this Act, or on
any account whatsoever reUitive to the putting of this Act into execution, or it any Person during the
Time he holds the Office of Member of the Council or Commissioner shall exact or accept any such Fee
or Reward, or shall accept or hold any Office or Place of Trust created by virtue of this Act, or be con-
cerned directly or indirectly in any such Bargain or Contract, every such Person so offending shall be
incapable of ever serving or being employed under this Act, and shall for every such Offence also forfeit
the Sum of Fifty Pounds.
40. And be it enacted. That such Part of any Penalty recovered under this Act as shall not be
awarded to the Informer shall be paid to the Credit as regards a Borough of the Borough Fund, and as
regards a Parish of the Rate for the Relief of the Poor thereof.
41. And be it enacted, That this Act may be amended or repealed by any Act to bo passed in this Act may be
Session of Parliament. amended, &e.
Management to
lie vested in
Councils and
Parish Commis-
sioners.
Council, &c.,
may make Bye
Laws for regulat-
ing the Use of
Baths and Wash-
houses, &c., and
Chaiges thereat.
Bye Laws to be
approved by the
Secretary of
State.
Copies or Ab-
stracts of B^'e
Laws to he hung
up in every Bath
Room, kc.
Proportion of
Baths for the
labouring Classes.
Charges to be
fixed by Councils
and Commis-
sioners, not e.x-
ceeding those in
Schedule (B).
As to Recovery
of Charges at
AVash-houses.
Penalty for
Council, Commis-
sioners, or Officers
taking Fees
beyond Salaries,
or being inter-
ested in Contracts.
Application of
Penalties.
SCHEDULES referred to by the foregoing Act.
Schedule (A.)
Bye Laws to be made in all Cases.
For scouring that the Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places shall be under the due
Management and Control of the Officers, Servants, or others appointed or employed in that Behalf by
the Council or Commissioners.
For securing adequate Privacy to Persons using the Baths and Wash-hou-ses and open Bathing
Places, and Security against Accidents to Persons using the open Bathing Places.
For securing that Men and Boys above Eight Years old shall bathe separately from Women and
Girls and Children under Eight Years old.
250
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
For preventing Damage, Disturbance, Interruption, and indecent and offensive Language and
Behaviour, and Nuisances.
For determining the duties of the Officers, Servants, and others appointed by the Council or
Commissioners.
In Parishes. For regulating the Procedure of the Commissioners.
(Schedule (B) to which this Act refers is substantially that of the Amending Act, 1847 (see page 251)).
An Act for consolidating in One Act certain Provisions usually contained
IN Acts for paving, draining, cleansing, lighting, and improving Towns.
21st June 1847.]
Public Bathing
Places and Dry-
ing Grounds.
Proportion of
Batlis for the
Working Classes.
Charges for the
Use of Baths.
Recovery of
Charges for the
U«e of Baths. &c.
Publication of
Bye-Laws in re-
gard to Baths, kc.
Sale of Baths.
kc, on discon-
tinuing them.
136. The Commissioners may from Time to Time by special Order as herein defined, but not other-
wise, purchase, rent, or otherwise provide, either within the Limits of the special Act, or at a reasonable
Distance therefrom, suitable and convenient Land and Buildings in a Situation and according to Plans
to be approved of by the Inspector, to be used for public Baths and Wash-houses, and public open Bath-
ing Places and public Drying Grounds, for the Use and Accommodation of the Inhabitants mthin the
Limits of the special Act, in washing and drying Clothes and other Articles, and may fit up the same
respectively with all requisite and proper Conveniences, and from Time to Time enlarge, renew, and
repair the same respectively, and afford the Use thereof respectively to such Inhabitants at such reason-
able Charges, and under and subject to such Regulations, as the Commissioners may deem expedient ;
and every Person who offends against any such Regulations shall be liable to a Penalty not exceeding
Forty Shillings for every Offence.
137. Provided always, That the Number of Baths for the Use of the Working Classes in any Building
provided by the Commissioners shall not be less than twice the Number of the other Baths of any higher
Class.
138. The Commissioners may from Time to Time make such reasonable Charges for the Use of such
Baths, Bathing Places, Wash-houses, and Drjdng Grounds as they think fit, but as regards the Working
Classes, not exceeding the Charges, if any, mentioned in the special Act, unless for the Use of any Washing
Tub or Trough for more than Two Hours in any One Day, in which Case any Charge may be made which
the Commissioners deem reasonable.
139. For the Recovery of the Charges at such Wash-houses and Drying Grounds the Officers,
Servants, and others having the Management thereof may, at the Period of using the same, or at any
.subsequent Time, detain the Clothes or other Goods and Chattels in or upon any such Wash-house or
Drying Ground of any Person refusing to pay the Charge to which such Person may be liable, or any
Part thereof, tiU full Payment thereof be made ; and in case such Payment be not made within Seven
Days, the Commissioners may sell such Clothes, Goods and Chattels, or any of them, returning the
surplus Proceeds of such Sale, after deducting the unpaid Charge, and the Expenses of such Detention
and Sale, and the unsold Articles, if any, on Demand, to such Person.
140. -A. printed Copy or sufficient Abstract of the Bye Laws made by the Commissioners relating to
the Use of such Baths, Bathing Places, and Wash-houses, so far as regards every such Bath, Bathing
Place, or Wash-house, shall be put up in such Bath Room, Bathing Place, and Wash-house.
141. Whenever any of such public Baths, Bathing Places, Wash-houses, or Drjdng Grounds are
deemed by the Commissioners to be unnecessary or too expensive to be kept up, the Commissioners may,
by special Order as herein defined, but not otherwise, discontinue the same, and sell the Lands, Buildings,
and Materials for the best Price that can reasonably be obtained, and convey the same accordingly ;
and the Purchase Money shall be paid to the Treasurer of the Commissioners, and be disposed of as the
Commissioners direct.
Towns Police Clauses Act 1847.
Bathing Machine-. 69. Where any Part of the Sea-shore or Strand of any River used as a public Bathing-place is
within the Limits of the special Act the Commissioners may make Bye Laws for the following Purposes ;
(that is to say,)
For fixing the Stands of Bathing Machines on the Sea-shore or Strand, and the Ldmite within
which Persons of each Sex shall be set down for bathing, and within which Persons shall bathe :
For preventing any indecent Exposure of the Persons of the Bathers :
For regulating the Manner in which the Bathing Machines shall be used, and the Charges to be
made for the same :
For regulating the Distance at which Boats and Vessels let to hire for the Purpose of sailing or
rowing for Pleasure shall be kept from Persons bathing within the prescribed Limits.
251
LEGISLATION IN REGARD TO BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
An Act to amend the Act for the Establishment of public Baths and
Wash-houses. [2nd July 1847.]
3. And be it enacted, Xliat when any Person shall have been appointed to the Office of Commissioners
of Public Baths and Wash-houses for any Parish before the passing of this Act, the recited Act shall be
deemed to have been duly adopted for such Parish notwithstanding that there may have been any Defect
or Irregularity in or in any way concernmg such Adoption ; and all Acts and Proceedings of any Person
in possession of the Office of such Commissioner, and acting in good Faith as such Commissioner, whether
appointed before or after the passing of this Act, shall, notwithstanding his Disqualification or Want of
QuaMcation for or any Defect or Irregularity in or in any way concerning his Appointment to such
Office, be as valid and effectual as if he were duly qualified or there had not been any such Defect or
Irregularity.
4. And be it enacted, That the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845, shall be incorporated with
the recited Act and this Act : Provided always, that the Council and Commissioners respectively shall
not purchase or take any Lands otherwise than by Agreement.
5. And be it enacted. That the Number of Washing Tubs or Troughs for the Laboring Classes in
any Building or Buildings under the Management of the same Council or Commissioners shall not be
less than Twice the Number of the Washing Tubs or Troughs of any higher Class, if but One, or of all
the higher Classes if more than One, in the same Building or Buildings.
6. And be it enacted. That so much of the recited Act as enacts that the Council and Commissioners
respectively may make such reasonable Charges for the Use of the Baths and Wash-houses and open
Bathing Places as they think fit, not exceeding such Charges as are mentioned in the Schedule (B.) to
that Act, shall be repealed.
7. And be it enacted. That the Council and the Commissioners respectively may from Time to Time
make such reasonable Charges for the Use of the Baths and Wash-houses and open Bathing Places
provided under the recited Act and this Act respectively as they think fit, not exceeding the Charges
mentioned in the Schedule aimexed to this Act.
Acts of Com-
missioners of
Public Baths, &c.,
to he valid, not-
withstanding
Informalities.
Incorporation of
S & y Vict. c. 18.
Council, &c., not
to take Lands, kc.
Proportion of
AVashing Accom-
modation for
Labouring Classes.
So much of re-
cited Act as regu-
lates Charges for
Use of Baths, &c.,
repealed.
Power to make
Charges for L^se
of Baths, &c., not
exceeding thoue in
the Schedule.
8. And be it enacted, That this Act may be amended or repealed by any Act to be
Session of Parliament.
in this Act may be
amended, &c.
SCHEDULE to which this Act refers.
Charges for the Baths aiid Wash-houses and open Bathing Places.
1. Baths for the Laboueing Classes.
Every Bath to be supplied with clean Water for every Person bathing alone, or for several Children
bathing together, and in either Case with One clean Towel for every Bather.
For One Person above Eight Years old :
Cold Bath, or cold Shower Bath, any Sum not exceeding .... One Penny.
Warm Bath, or warm Shower Bath, or Vapour Bath, any Sum not exceeding . Two-pence.
For several Children, not above Eight Years old, nor exceeding Four, bathing
together :
Cold Bath, or cold Shower Bath, any Sum not exceeding .... Two-pence.
Warm Bath, or warm Shower Bath, or Vapour Bath, any Sum not exceeding . Four-pence.
2. Baths of any higher C^ass.
Such Charges as the Council and the Commissioners respectively think fit, not exceeding in anj'
Case Three Times the Charges above mentioned for the several Kinds of Baths for the Labouring
Classes.
3. Wash-houses for the Labotjrino Classes.
Every Wash-house to be supplied with Conveniences for washing and drying Clothes and other
Articles.
For the Use by One Person of One Washing Tub or Trough, and of a Copper or Boiler (if any),
or, where One of the Washing Tubs or Troughs shall be used as a Copper or Boiler, for the
Use of One Pair of Washing Tubs or Troughs, and for the Use of the Conveniences for dr\-ing :
For One Hour only in any One Day, any Siam not exceeding . . . One Penny.
For Two Hour.s together, in any One Day, any Sum not exceeding . . Three-pence.
Any Time over the Hour or Two Hours respectively, if not exceeding Five Minutes, not to bo
reckoned.
For Two Hours not together, or for more than Two Hours in any One Day, such Charges as the
Cotincil and the Commissioners respectively think fit.
For the Use of the washing Conveiuences alone, or of the drying Conveniences alone, such Charges
as the Council and the Commissioners respectively think fit, but not exceeding in either Case the Charges
for the Use for the same Time of both the washing and the drying Conveniences.
252
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
4. Wash-houses of any higher Class.
Such Charges as the Council and the Commissioners respectively think fit.
.5. Open Bathing Places, where several Persons bathe in the same Water, for One Person One
Halfpenny.
Public Health Act, 1875.
Powers and
duties of Urban
Authorities.
10. . . . Where the Baths and Wash-houses Acts and the Labouring Classes Lodging Houses Acts, or
any of them, are in force within the district of any urban a\ithority, such authority shall have all powers
rights duties capacities liabilities and obligations in relation to such Acts exerciseable by or attaching
to the council incorporated commissioners local board improvement commissioners and other com-
missioners or persons acting in the execution of the said Acts or any of them.
Where the Baths and Wash-houses Acts are not in force within the district of any urban authority,
such authority may adopt such Acts ; and where the Laljouring Classes Lodging Houses Acts are not
in force within the district of any urban authority, such authority may adopt such Acts.
Water for public
baths, or trailing
or manufacturing
purposes.
65. Any local authority may, if they think tit, supply water from any waterworks purchased or
constructed by them to any public baths or wash-houses, or for trading or manufacturing purposes,
on such terms and conditions as may be agreed on between the.'';local authority and the persons
desirous of being so supplied ; moreover, any local authority may, if they tliink fit. construct any
works for the gratuitous supply of any public baths or wash-houses established otherwise than for
private profit or supported out of any poor or borough rates.
Incorporation of
certain provisions
of 10 & 11 Vict.
C.89.
171. The provisions of the Towns Police Clauses Act, 1847, . . .
(5.) With respect to public bathing ;
shall for the purpose of regulating such matters in urban districts, be incorporated with this Act.
Short title.
"Covered swim-
ming bath."
Construction of
Act, 38 & 39 Vict,
c. H6 ; 38 & 39
Vict. c. 55.
Covered swim-
ming baths au-
thorised.
As to charges for
swimming l)aths.
Power to close
swimming Ijatlis
for a limited
period.
Power to make
bvelaws.
Power to appoint
ofticcrs.
I'owcr to make
ob&rges (or
gjmn&sium, &c.
An Act to amend the Law relating to Public Baths and Wash-houses.
\21th May 1878.]
1. This Act may be cited for all piu'poses as the Baths and Wash-houses Act, 1878.
The words " covered swimming bath " in this Act shall mean a swimming bath protected by a roof
or other covering from the weather.
2. This Act and the recited Acts, as amended by the Statute Law Revision Act, 1875, and the
I'ublio Health Act, 1875, and by this Act, shall be construed and carried into execution as one Act ;
and the words " the coiuicil and the commissioners " when used in tliis Act shall include the urban
authority mentioned in the tenth section of the Public Health Act, 1875.
3. All the provisions of the recited Acts respectively shall be construed to extend and to have
extended from the passing of such Acts respectively to covered swimming baths as well as to baths,
wash-houses, and open bathing places.
4. The coinicil and the commissioners respectively may from time to time provide covered swiuuuing
baths, and make such reasonable charges for the use thereof as they shall think fit, not exceeding the
charges mentioned in the schedide annexed to this Act.
5. The council and the commissioners respectively may during such period, not exceeding live
months in any one year, as they shall think fit, from the beginning of the month of November to the
end of the month of March, close any covered swimming bath or open swimming bath, and may either
keep the same closed or may establish therein a gyumasium or such other means of healthful recreation
as they shall think fit, or may during such period allow any covered or open swimming bath to be used
as an empty building for such purposes of healthful recreation or exercise as they shall tliink fit during
such period as aforesaid, and may at any time allow any portion of the public baths not required by the
commissioners to be used for holding vestry meetings or other parochial purposes : Provided always,
that no covered or open swimming bath when closed may be used for music or dancing.
6. The council and the conunissioners respectively may make byelaws for the regulation, manage-
ment, and use of the open or swimming baths when used for any of the purposes mentioned in the
iifth section of this Act ; and all the provisions in the princi])al .^ct relating to byelaws sliall extend and
apply to byelaws made under this section.
7. The council and the conunissioners respectively may ajipoint antl remove at pleasure sueli ollicers
and servants as shall be necessary for the management and .superintendence of any gymnasium or other
means of recreation established under this Act, and may appoint reasonable salaries, wages, and allow-
ances for such officers and servants.
8. The council and the commissioners respectively may from time to time make such reasonable
charges for tlie use of the gymnasium or other means of recreation established under this Act, or for the
use of any covered swimming bath as an empty room, as they shall think fit.
253
LEGISLATION IN REGARD TO BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
9. The provisions in the twenty-first, twenty-second, and twenty-third sections of the principal
Act authorising the borrowing and advancement of money tor the purposes of that Act shall be taken
to authorise the borrowing and advancement of money in like manner for the purposes of this Act ;
and the approval of the Local Government Board shall be substituted for that of the Commissioners of
Her Majesty's Treasury in all cases whore money is borrowed for the purposes of the principal Act or
this Act.
10. The council and the commissioners respectively, and their respective servants and agents,
may remove any person offending against any of the byelaws made under this Act and the recited Acts,
or any of them ; and any bath or wasliliou.se, or open bathing place, or covered swimming bath, estab-
lished under this Act and the recited Acts, or any of them, shall be taken to be a public and open place,
so as to make offences against decency therein criminal offences.
11. The council and the commissioners respectively, and their respective officers and servants, may
refuse admittance to any bath, washhouse, open bathing place, or covered swimming bath, or any of
them, to any person (1) who shall have been convicted of wilfully disobeying any of the byelaws in such
bath, washhouse, open bathing place, or covered swimming bath ; (2) who shall have been convicted
of any offence against public decency in any of such baths, washhouses, open bathing places, or covered
swimming baths as aforesaid.
12. The provisions of an Act passed in the session held in the twenty-ninth year of the reign of Her
pi-esent Majesty, chapter thirty-one, intituled " An Act to provide for superannuation allowances to
officers of vestries and other boards within the area of the Metropolis Local Management Act," shall
extend to and include officers and servants employed in and about any baths, washhouses, open bathing
jilaces, or covered swimming baths established under this Act and the recited Acts, or any of them, by
the council or the commissioners within the area of the Metropolis Local Management Act.
13. The expense of cariying this Act into execution shall be defrayed, and the income arising from
the use in any manner of any covered s\vimming bath established under the provisions of this Act and
the recited Acts, or any of them, shall be appUed, in the same manner as that in which the expenses
of the principal Act are thereby directed to be defrayed, and the income arising from baths, and wash-
houses, and open bathing places, is thereby directed to be applied.
14. The charge of one halfpennj^ fixed by'^the tenth and eleventh Victoria, chapter sixty-one,
section .seven, and part five of the schedule to that Act, shall be increased to one penny.
Powers of borrow-
ing, kc, oxttndcU
to this Act.
Power to remove
otfenders.
Batlis, kc, to 1)0
considered imblic
and 0]>en places.
Power to refuse
admittance to
baths, &c. , to
offenders.
Power to make
superannuation
allowances to
officers, &c., em-
])loyed about
ijaths, &c., within
the metropolis.
Expenses of Act
and income arising
to be ai)plied as
under principal
Act.
Increase of charge.
The SCHEDULE above referred to.
Charges for covered Swimmino Baths.
1st Class. — .Any sum not exceeding eightpence for each person.
2Nn Cl\ss. — Any sum not exceeding fourpence for each person.
.Ird Class. — Any sum not exceeding twopence for each person.
An Act to amend the Baths and Wash-hofses Acts. [24th July 1882.]
1. Tliis Act may be cited for all purposes as the Baths and Wash-houses Act, 1882, and shall be read as Short title.
one with the Act of the ninth and tenth years of the reign of Her present Majesty, chapter seventy-four,
in this Act called " the principal Act."
2. Section twenty-seven of the principal Act shall be amended by the addition of the words "or
" in the immediate neighbourhood of such borough or parish " to the words " in any such borough or
" parish " wherever such last-mentioned words occur in the said section.
3. The power conferred by section twenty-four of the principal Act to purchase or rent lands for
the purposes of that Act shall extend to lands in the immediate neighbourhood of sucli borough or
liarish as is therein referred to.
Amendment of
!t & lU \'ict.
c. 74, s. 27.
Amendment of
!1 & 10 Vict,
c. 74, s. '.^4.
An Act to amend the Baths and Wash-houses Acts, [lith Avgnst 1896.]
For the administrative county of London only — for jjrovisions see below " An Act to amend the
Baths and Wash-houses Acts, 9th August 1899."
An Act to amend the Baths and Wash-houses Acts. [9</i August 1899.]
1. This Act may be cited for all purposes as the Baths and Wash-houses Act, 1899, and this Act Short title.
and the Baths and Wash-houses Acts, 1S4() to 1896, may be cited together for all purposes as the Baths
and Wash-houses Acts, 1846 to 1899.
2u
254
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Amenclmpnt of
11 A 42 Viet.
c. 14, s. r>.
Licence liy Count\
Council. 25000. 2.
c. -.W.
Extent of Act.
2. From and after the passing of this Act the following proviso to section five of the Baths and
Wash-houses Act, 1878, viz.. — •
" Provided always, that no covered or open swimming bath, wlion closed, may be -used for music
or dancing,"
shall be repealed.
I'rovided always —
(a) That the commissioners appointed under the Baths and Wash-houses Acts, 1846 to 1899, or
any other body for the time being acting in the execution of those Acts, which com-
missioners or (ither liody are herein-after referred to as " such cominissioners," shall,
before any such bath is used for music or dancing, obtain such licence as may be required
for the use of a place for that purpose under any enactment in force in the area for which
such commissioners act, or, if no such enactment is in force, obtains a licence from the
county council of the county in which the district of such commissioners is situate :
[h) That no portion of the premises in respect of which the licence is granted be let otherwise
than occasionally to any person or persons, corporate or otherwise, and that no money
for admission be taken at the doors :
(c) That such commissioners be responsible for any breach of the conditions on which the
licence is granted, which may occur during any entertainment given on such premises by
their permission.
3. In places in which the Disorderly Houses Act, 1751, is in force, a licence under that Act for music
or dancing, or for both purposes, may be granted to such commissioners at any annual licensing meeting
of the council authorised to gi'ant such a licence, or at any other meeting of such council duly convened
with fourteen days" previous notice. •
4. This Act shaU not apply to the administrative county of London.
Children Act, 1908.
Cleansing of
verminous
children.
7 Eilw. 7 c. 43.
122. — (1) A local education authority may direct their medical officer, or any person provided
with and, if required, exliibiting the .authority in writing of their medical officer, to examine in any
public elementary school provided or maintained by the authority the person and clothing of any child
attending the school, and, if on examination the medical officer, or any such authorised person as afore-
said, is of opinion that the person or clothing of any such child is infested with vermin ov is in a foul
or filthy condition, the local education authority may give notice in writing to the parent or guardian
of, or other person liable to maintain, the child, requiring him to cleanse properly the person and
clothing of the child within twenty-four hours after the receipt of the notice.
(2) If the person to whom any such notice as aforesaid is given fails to comply therewith ^vithin
such twenty-four hoirrs, the medical officer, or some person provided with and, if required, exhibiting
the authority in writing of the medical officer, maj^ remove the child refen-cd to in the notice from any
such school, and may cause the person and clothing of the child to be properly cleansed in suitable
premises and with suitable appliances, and may, it necessary for that purpose, without any warrant
other than this section, convey to such premises and there detain the child until the cleansing is effected.
(3) Where any sanitary authority \^athin the district of a local education authority have provided,
or are entitled to the use of, any premises or appliances for cleansing the person or clothing of persons
infested with vermin, the sanitary authority shall, if so required by the local education authority, allow
the local education authority to use such premises and appliances for the purpose of this section upon
such payment (if any) as may be agreed between them or. in default of agreement, settled by the Local
Government Board.
(4) Where, after the person or clothing of a child has been cleansed by a local education authority
under this section, the parent or guardian of, or other person liable to maintain, the child allows bim to
get into such a condition that it is again necessary to proceed under this section, the parent, guardian,
or other person shall, on summary conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten shillings,
(5) Where a local edtication authority give notice under this section to the parent or guardian of,
or other person liable to maintain, a cliild, requiring him to cleanse the person and clothing of the child,
the authority shall also fiu-nish him with written instructions describing the manner in which the
cleansing may best be effected.
(6) The examination and cleansing of girls under this section shaU only be effected by a duly qualified
medical practitioner or by a woman duly authorised as herein-before proWded.
(7) For the purposes of this section "medical officer" means any officer appointed for the purpose
of sccticm thirteen of the I'xhication (Aduiinistrative Provisions) Act, 1907.
Coal Mines Act, 1911.
Provision of wash-
ing and (hying
nccntnnM.l.-itiou.
77. — (1) Where a majority, ascertained by ballot of two-thirds of the workmen employed in any
mine to whom this section applies, represent to the owner of the mine that they desire that accom-
modation and facilities for taking baths and drying clothes shoiild be provided at the mine and under-
take to p.aj- half the cost of the maintenance of the accoiumodation and facilities to be provided, the
255
LEGISLATION IN EEGARD TO BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
uvvuer shall forthwith provide sufficient and suitable accommodation and facilities for such purposes as
aforesaid :
Provided that the'owner shaU not bo bound to provide any such accommodation and facilities, if
tlio estimated total cost of maintenance exceeds threepence per week for each workman liable to con-
tribute under this section.
(2) General regulations shaU be made under this Act for determining what are sufficient and
suitable accommodation and facilities for the purposes of this section, and any such regulations may
make different requirements as respects different classes or descriptions of mines.
(3) For the purposes of this section, cost of maintenance includes interest on capital expenditure
(not exceeding five per cent, per annum), and if any question arises as to the estimated cost of main-
tenance that question shall, in accordance with regulations as to procedure and costs to be made by the
Secretary of State, be referred to an arbitrator to be agreed upon between the parties, or, in default of
agreement as to an arbitrator, to a person appointed by the judge of county courts for the district, or
in Scotland by the sherifE of the county, in which the mine is situate, and the decision of the arbitrator
or of the person so appointed, as the case may be, shall be final.
(4) Where any such accommodation and facilities have been provided, every workman at the mine
to whom this section applies (whether he was or was not employed at the mine at the time when the
ballot of the workmen for the purposes of this section was taken) shall be liable to contribute a sum
equal to one-haK of the cost of maintenance {but not exceeding three halfpence per man per week), and
the owner shall be entitled to recover such contributions from the workmen liable to contribute by
deduction from their wages, notwithstanding the provisions of any Acts relating to truck or any contract
to the contrary :
Provided that the obligation to contribute shall not apply to any workman who is exempted on
the ground of health in accordance with the regulations of the mine.
(5) The management of the accommodation and facilities provided under this section shall be
under the control of a committee to be established in accordance with the regulations of the mine,
and consisting as to one haK of members appointed by the owner of the mine and as to the
other half of members appointed by the workmen liable to contribute under this section. The
powers and duties of the comjnittee in relation to the management of the accommodation and
facilities shall be such as may be laid do^vn by general regulations, and the owner of the mine shall not
be liable to any penalty as for failure to comply with the provisions of this section in respect of any
act performed by the committee in pursuance of their powers or of any failure by the committee to
perform any of their duties.
(6) The workmen to whom this section applies are aU workmen employed underground, and all
workmen engaged on the surface in handling tubs, screening, sorting, or washing coal, or loading coal
into wagons.
(7) This section shall not apply to any mine where the total number of the workmen employed
at the mine to whom this section applies is less than one hundred, or to any mine held by the owner
under a lease of which the unexpired term is less than ten years or to any mine as respects which the
Secretary of State is satisfied that it wiii. be worked out within ten years.
(8) If the owner of any mine fails to comply with the provisions of this section, he shall be guilty
of^an offence against this Act.
(9) Where a majority, ascertained by ballot of two-thirds of the workmen at a mine, represent to
the owner of the mine that they desire that this section should cease to have effect as respects the
mine, tliis section shall, unless the owner by notice affixed at the mine within one month after the
receipt by him of the representation declares that he does not assent thereto, cease to have effect accord-
ingly as from a date to be agreed upon between the owner and the workmen.
(10) A fresh representation shall not be made as respects any mine either under subsection (1) or
under subsection (9) of this section before the expiration of five years from the date of any jjrevious
representation made with respect to that mine.
SCOTLAND
Public Health (Scotland) Act, 1867.
• •••••..,■•••
(3.) The Local Authority, if they have any surplus Water after fully supplying what is required Watrr for natli.s
for domestic Purposes, may supply Water from such Surplus to any public Baths and Ac.
Wash-houses. . . . Provided, that when Water is thus supplied froui sucli Surplus, it
shall not be lawful for the Local Authority to charge the Parties obtaining the same
both with the Special Water Assessment and also for the Supply of Water obtained by
them ; but tlie l^cal Aulhorit}' may either charge the Special Water Assessment
leviable on such Premises, or charge for the Supply of Water furnished to the same,
as they shall think fit :
(■1.) The Local Authority . . . may . . . gratuitously supply Water for any public Baths or ( liatcin.s, &o., to
Wash-houses established otherwise than for private Profit or supported out of any l'« ^ui'Plied with
Burgh Ratea : ^^'^''•■'■-
256
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
BiTRGH Police (Scotland) Act, 1892.
Public Bathing, &f.
Bathing machines 300. Where any part of the seashore or strand of any river used as a public bathing place is within
and bathiug. t,ljg burgh, the magistrates may make byelaws for the following purposes : that is to say.
For fixing the stands of bathing machines on^.the seashore or strand, and the limits within which
persons of each sex shaU be set down for bathing, and within which persons shall bathe :
For regulating the occupation of such stands of bathing machines, and apportioning the same
Icinporarily among the owners of such machines for the time :
For preventing any indecent exposure of the persons of the bathers :
For regulating the manner in which and the times at which the bathing machines shall be used,
and the charges to be made for the same :
For insuring that the bathing machines shall be kept in a proj)er state of repair :
For regulating the distance at which boats and vessels let for hii'e for the purpose of sailing or rowing
for pleasure shall be kept from persons bathing within such prescribed limits :
When bathing machines are not used, the magistrates shaU have power to regulate the places and
hours for both sexes bathing.
Public baths and
drying grounds.
Projjortion of
baths for working
classes.
Charges for use
of baths.
Recovery of
Charges for use
of Baths, &c.
Publication of
byelaws in re-
gard to baths, &c.
8ale of baths, kc.
on discontinuing
them.
309. The Commissioners may after resolution, by special order, as herein defined, but not otherwise,
purchase, rent, or otherwise proWde. either within the burgh, or at a reasonable distance therefrom
suitable and convenient premises to be used for public baths and wash-houses, and public covered or
open bathing places, and public drjdng gi-ounds, for the use and accommodation of the inhabitants
within the btirgh in washing and dr\-ing clothes and other articles, and may fit up the same respectively
with all requisite and proper conveniences, and from time to time enlarge, renew, and repair the same
respectively, and afford the use thereof respectively to such inhabitants at such reasonable charges?, and
under and subject to such byelaws as the Commissioners may deem expedient ; and every person who
offends against any such byelaws shall be liable t<i a penalty not exceeding forty shillings for every
offence.
310. The number of baths for the use of the working classes provided by the Commis.sioner8 shall
not be less than twice the number of the other baths of higher class.
311. The Commissioners may make such reasonable charges for the use of such baths, bathiug
places, w .ish-houses, and drying grounds as they think fit.
312. For the recovery of the charges at such wash-houses and drj'iug grounds, the officers, servants,
and others having the management thereof may, at the period of using the same, or at any subsequent
time detain the clothes or other goods and effects, in or upon anyjsuch wash-house or drj-ing ground, of
any person refusing to pay the charge to which such person may be liable, or any part thereof, till full
payment thereof be made ; and in case such payment be not made within seven days, the Commissioners
may sell such clothes, goods, and effects, or any of them, returning the surplus proceeds of such sale,
after deducting the unpaid charge and the expenses of such detention and sale, and the unsold articles,
if any, on demand to such person.
313. A printed copy or sufficient abstract of the byelaws made by the Commissioners relating to
the use of such baths, bathing places, and wash-houses, so far as regards every such bath, bathing place,
or wash-ho\ise, shall be put up in such bath room, bathing place, and wash-house.
314. Whenever any of such public baths, bathing places, wash-houses, or drying grounds are
deemed by the Comjuissioners to be unnecessary or too expensive to be kept up, the Commissioners may
after resolution, by special order, as herein defined, but not otherwise, discontinue the same, and sell
the lands, buildings, and materials for the best price that can reasonably be obtained, and convey the
same accordingly ; and the purchase money shaU be paid to the treasurer of the Commissioners, and be
disposed of for behoof of the burgh as the Commissioners direct.
Local Government (Scotland) Act, 1894.
44. II shall be lawful iu a county for a parish council or for any two or more parish councils, or
lor not fewer llian ten parish electors of any landward parish or of the landward part of any parish partly
landward anil partly burghal, to make a reqiusition in writing to the district committee of the county
council, or wlicn a county is not diWded into districts to the county council, caUing upon them to form
such parish or parishes or landward part of a parish or any portion or portions thereof into a special
ilistrict for tlie following purposes or any one or more of them :
(c) The i)ro\ision and maintenance of public baths or bathing places, wash-houses, drying grounds,
and the adoption for such purposes by the district committee or county council, as the case may be, of
the provisions contained in .sections three hundred and nine and three hundred and fourteen inclusive
of the Burgh Police (Scotland) Act, 1892, or any one or more of them.
257
LEGISLATION IN REGARD TO BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Public Health (Scutlamd) A«rr, 1897.
126. ('2) The local authority, if they have auy surplus water after fully supplying what is requireil Supiily of water
for domestic and sanitary purposes, may supply water from such surplus to any public ^°'' 'listricts other
baths and wash-houses. . . . Provided that wlien water is thus supplied from sucli ""' "'° '^'
surplus it shall not be lawful for the local authority to charge the persons so supplied
both with the portion of the special water assc^ssment applicable to the buildings or
premises supplied, and also for the supply of water obtained ; but the local aiithority
may either charge the said assessment leviable on such buildings or premises, ur charge
for the supply of water furnished to the same, as they shall think tit, and the local
authority shall have the same remedies and powers of recovering payment of such
water rents or payments as are hereinaft^er provided with regard to the special water
assessment :
(3) The local authority . . . may . . . provide and gratuitously supply water for any
public baths or wash-houses established otherwise than for private profit or supported
out of any rates :
Burgh Police (Scotland) Act, 19(i:i.
(Leaves Clauses relating to Baths and Wash-houses in principal Act 1892 untouched.)
Education (Scotland) Act, 1908.
3. It shall be lawful for a school board, if they think lit, in addition to any jtower.s ah'eatly vested
in them, to incur expenditure, and to defray the same out of the school fund, in carrying out or in
combining with one or more school boards to carry out the following objects (That is to say) : —
(1) In providing any form of education or instruction which may from time to time be sanctioned
by any code or minute of the Department.
Childken Act, 1908 (see under '" England ").
Coal Mines Act, 1911 («ee under "England ").
IRELAND
An Act Eoit promoting tuk voluntary establishment in Boroughs and
ckrtain Cities and Towns in Ireland of Public Baths and Wash-
houses, 1846.
Towns Improvement Clauses Act, 1847.
121. . . . and the Commissioners . . . may supply with Water jmv public Baths or Wash-
houses. . . .
136 U) 141.
(8ee English Acts for detail of above.)
Baths ai^v Wash-houses Amending Act, 1847.
(See English Acts for detail of the above.)
Towns Improvement Clauses Act (Ireland), 18.54.
53. ... where there is a Supply of Water more than is ic(iuired fur such domi^stic and ordinary AVau-r to lie \w>\
Purposes within the Town, it shall be lawful for the Commissioners to contract with any Person or onlv foi domestic
Persons within the Town to supply any Public Baths and W^sh-houscs, . . . within the Town with ami ordinary
Water, at such Rate and upon such Terms and (Conditions as may be agreed on . . . Purpobcs unless
with the Com-
55. So much of " The Towns Improvement Clauses Act, 1847," as relates to Things to be done by ■n''*'^'""'^"-
the Commissioners by special Order only . . . shall be incorporated with and form Part of this Act. " Special Order.
258
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
And with respect to ii\il)Hc Bathing, be if (^nacted as foUows :
Hatliing Jlachiiics 77. ^Vhere any Part ot the Seashore or Strand of any River used as a public Bathing Place is within
aiui V.athin^'. (|,y Xown, the Commissioners may make Byelaws for the following Purposes : (that is to saj',)
For fixing the Stands of Jiathing Machines on the Seashore or Strand, and the Limits within which
Persons of each Sex shall be set down for bathing, and within which Persons shall bathe :
For regulating the Occupation of such Stands of Bathing Machines, and apportioning the same
temporarily among the Owners of such Machines for tlic Time ;
For preventuig any indecent Exi>osure of the Persons of the Bathers :
For regulating the Manner in which and the Times at which the Bathing Machines shall be used,
and the Charges to be made for the same :
For ensuring that the Bathuig Machines shall be ke])t in a |iro])er State of Uciiair :
For regulating the Distance at which Boats and Vessels let to hire for the Purpose of sailing or rowing
for Pleasure shall be kept from Persons bathing within such prescribed Limits.
Public Health Act, 1878.
Watir for luililic '''S- Any sanitary authority may, if they think tit, supply water from any waterworks purchased
baths, or trailing or constructed by them to any public baths or wash-houses . . . moreover, any sanitary authority
or manufacturing may, if they think fit, construct any works for the gratuitous supply of any public baths or wash-housea
IMirposes. established otherwise than for private profit or supported out of any poor or borough rates.
PuHLic Health Act, 189G.
An» nilnutit i.f 22. The approval of the Local (Jovemment JJoard to byelaws made under the Baths and VVash-
1» k lu Vict. houses (Ireland) Act, 1846, shall, for the purpose of section twenty of that Act, be substituted for the
c. S7, s. 20. approval of one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State.
INDEX
PAGE
Aberdarp
..110
Aberdeen
62, 72, 93, 94, 95, 96
Acton
. . 60
Acts
Amending . . . . . . . . . . . . ■ . .
..4
Burgh Police
4
Children
. . 93
Coal Mines
.-., 43
Factory
5
Irish
5
Local Government (Scotland)
5
Public Health (Scotland) . .
5
To Encourage the Establishment of Public Baths and Wash-houses, 1846
3
Alexander, Dr.
. . 100
Algal pollution
. . 103
Altrincham . .
. . 63
Amateur Swimming Association
70, 76
Objects of
. . 69
Appreciation of Public Baths by bathers
. . 29
Arbroath
..116
Attendance . .
13, 14, 3.-). .36, 37, 55
Avery, Mr. C. R.
. . 100
Bacup
. . 66
Baths, Histoi-y of
. . 2, 3
Bath rooms, Considerations regarding . .
.. 15
Bath, The city of . .
2
Belfast
27, 02, 63
Bethnal Green
19,21
Bexhill .. .. ..
.. 110
Birkenhead . .
1!,63
Birmingham . . . . 9. 39, 41, 45, 55, 58, 66, 69, 70, 88, 1 1 1.
113, 114, U(). 119,130
Bill, Mr. Silk Buckinghara'.s
3
Board of Education, Attitude with regard to School Spray Baths . .
. . 82
Blackpool
. . 24
Boston
.. 110
Bradford .. .. .. . .' .. 6,8,9,22,36,39,40,55,
68,64,72,73,110,111
Brentford
.. 66
Brew-houses used as Wash-houses (Birmingham)
. . 45
Brighouse
.. Ill
Brighton
..11,23,72,120
Bristol
9, 55, 72
Burnley
.. 11,23,55,59
Burslem
8
2W
260
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Cardiff
Carnegie Dunfermline Tnistj Success of Batlis under conliol
Central Bathho\ise for tenement'buildinii
(/■ertificates for proficiency in life-savine
teaching . .
swiniDiing
Chelsea
Clieltenhani . .
Chesterfield . .
Chemicals, Batli water sterilisation by . .
Child mortality
Cleansing of verminous ohiUlien
(Abeitlcen)
Clubs. Swimming
Coagiilcnts, ITsc of . .
Comparison of Batlis and Wash-house provision throughout
Constniclion of Private Baths dressing-rooms
Ticket offices . .
Swimming Baths,
Contamination of water, Causes of
t>)tlage Baths, Provision of . .
Advantages of . .
Co-ordination of authorities, Need for . .
Co-operation, Value of
Coventry
Cradwicke's Report, 1842
Darwen
Derby
Dilution of Swimming Bath water
J)istribution of Public Batlis and Wash-houses
Disuse of fixed house baths. Reasons for
Dublin
Duke of York's Bagnio
Dumfries
Dundee, Provost of . .
Dunfermline . .
Durham
Dressing-rooms
Drying of household washing . .
East Ham
Edinburgh . .
Employers, Baths provided by
Experience regarding fixed house l)aths . .
Exet«r
Factory girls, Use of Baths by
workers' Baths
Farnworth . .
Fcatherstone
Filtration of swimming ponds
adopted by certain towns
cost of
Finance
Comparison of use made of baths at various fees
of
the British Tslr.-^
PAGE
11,42
. . 27
. . 20
55, 77
. . 69
77. 88, 90
. . 62
. . 66
. . 73
100,101
15,2:5
. . 93
. . 94
69, 70
. . 99
14
..107
..106
97,106
..97
(i. 7, 10, 39
..39
..134
. . 135
11.23,112
3
..110
11,59,66,69,130
..98
7, 8, 9. 14
..16
. . 27, 50. 62, 63
2
..110
3
27, 36, 62, 63, 111
7
..107
..46
59, 69
14.50,62,6,3,72.90. 120.131
..43
..17
..50
37. 63
..43
..112
..66
. . 98, 102, 103
..102
..99
28
261
INDEX
Finance, Conclusions re
garding . .
PAGK
..132
Cost per bather
..120
of construction . .
115,116
of working Open-air Baths
..130
of working Wash-houses . .
..131
Expenditure . .
Fees for Private Baths * . .
. 10,11.12,40,111,112
28
for Swimming Baths
for Wash-houses . .
64
..50
Income from Baths
28, 29, 111
from Public Baths and Wash-houses
10
Rate aid
..no
School Baths, cost of spray baths
..83
Salaries and upkeep . .
..113
Finsbury
8
First-class Baths
.64
Floating Baths
3
Foot-baths, Value of .
. . 42
Forbes, Dr. Graham .
.. 99
Free bathing . .
Gateshead
8.40,43,60,63,111
..63
Gas heating . .
16, 17
Gifts of baths
12, 13, 14
Glasgow
. . 3. 8, U, 39, 50, 5
2, 55, 62,
72, 92, 114, 119, 120, 131
Gorton
8
Grantham
..110
Greeks, Baths and bathing pools of the . .
2
Grey, Sir Gieorge, Bill of
3
Guildford ..
..55
Giiiness Trustees bath provision
..20
Hackney
.. 21
Hairwashing and drying. Need of provision for . .
. . 38, 41, 63, 107
Hamilton
62,110
Hanley
8
Harley, William, Institutor of baths, 1800
3
Hartwell, Dr. E. M., on Bath Buildings
..41
Heston and Isleworth
..66
Hcvwood
• •
..113
Holiday bathing. Children's
77, 87
Hornsey
8
Hot baths
Fees for . .
16, 17. 18, 26, 29, 37
..28
Housing, its bearing on cleanliness
1, 15, 18
Essentials of good
.. 17
Houston, Dr.
99, 103
Huddersfield
113
Hydro-extractors
45, 47
nford
..24
Increase in building of baths . .
5
batks and bathers . .
6,7
Industrial RevoUition. Effect of
2
Infection through bath
through Publ
mg
c Baths, Fear of
..99
38
262
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
Infectious disease notice (Aberdeen)
Instruction in swimming, Free
Intemational Congress on School Hygiene
Ipswicb
Ireland
Islington . . . . ....
Itch, Aberdeen School Board notice regarding cleansing for
Keighley
Kensington . .
King's Lynn
Lambeth
Lancashire
Laundry facilities. Need for
Leamington . .
Leeds
Legislation . .
Leicester
Leith
Leyton
Life-saving . .
Lighting of baths
Liverpool
Loane, Miss . .
London
3, 8, 9, 39, 47, 49, 50, 58, 63, 68,
. . 2, 3, 4, 6, 7. 8, 19, 21, 22, 28, 32, 36, 45. 47,
" Association for promoting cleanliness among the people."
Housing Trusts' Bathliousr [irovision
provision of private baths
provision of swimming baths
Schools Swimming Association . .
Low Moor
Luton
Manchester . .
Manheimcr, Dr. Wallace
Margam
Medicinal baths at Ripon and Leamington
Merthyr Tydfil
Middlesbrough
Mile End
Miners bathing
Murray, Mr. J. Moore
Mixed bathing
amongst the Romans
Manchester regulations for
Newcastle
Newcastle-under-Lyme
Newsholme, Sir Arthur
Northampton
Norwich
Nottingham . .
Nurseries in connection with Wash-houses
Objections to use of Baths
to use of Public Baths by school children
to children bathing at school
8, 9, 22, 39, 60, 58, 64
95. 96
87, 109
. . 78
..110
8, 14, 27, 50, 66
6. .57, 69
. . 96
. . .50
66
. . 110
. . 21
..7.61
. . 45
..2,66
9, 22, 70, 72
. . 3. 4, 5, 43, 93
..64
72, 113
23, 59. 66
55, 77, 90
106, 108
,69,72,85,112, 119, 134
15
48, 54. 55, 57 62, 109. 120
3
19
. . 21
57
75. 77
8
66
69,86, 110, HI, 119. 120
. . 99. 100, 101
. . 66
2
8
59, 63, 113
. . 77
..7,43
. . 79
. . 63
2
. . 70
6. 49, 50, 63, 70
..110
. . 15
59, 69, 72
.. 114
22, 72. 113
. . .52
37, 38
75
. . 82
263
INDEX
Open-a^r Baths
Advantages of . .
At Liverpool for children
Finance of
Nature and distribution of
Use made of . .
Oswestry
Oxford
Peabody Donation Fund Estates
Pearce, Dr. . .
Perth
Penarth
Poplar
Portsmouth . .
Plymouth
Privacy, Question of . .
Private Baths in Public Bath Establishments, Conclusions regarding
Present provision of
Present provision of.
Privately managed Batlis . . .
Professional washerwomen
Public Baths, Appreciation by bathers of
Need for
Provision of, for towns classified according to population
RadcUffe
Recreative use of Baths
of swimming
Reece, Dr.
Report of English Local Uovernment Board, 1915-16
of English Local Government Board on Housuig and Town Planning,
on Physical Welfiire of Mothers and Children
Richmond
Ripon
Romans, Bath building under the
Salford
Sanitation of Swimming Ponds
Conclusions regarding
Publications regarding
Scullery, Baths in th<-
Scumming sprays
School Baths
Considerations regarding . .
Necessity for
Suggestions regarding
Type of provision
School bathing of infants and lower standards
of upper standards
School children's bathing facilities in Liverpool
in Manchester
in Birmingham
in Edinburgh
School children's bathing. Advantages of and objections to
School children's Swimming Baths, Advantages and disadvantages of
in Scotland and Ireland
3,8,12,13,67
69
. . 86
.. 130
67
. . 69
. . 66
..8
19
. . 99
52, 110, 120, 131
. . 66
..100
9, 10, 22
. . 110
15, 16, 17, 39, 108
..44
20-27
27
7, 8, 12
.. 52
29, 37
18
.. 8-13
.. 112
. . 8, 75
..54
• .. 99
15
1913-14 . . 18
. . 79
. . 63
2
2
. . 58
97-105, 107
. ; 104
. . 104
16
. . 107
8, 10, 14, 22. 62. 78, 79
. . S3
. . 78
. . 84
. . 79
. . 84
So
. . 85
. . 86
88, 89
. . 90
. . 82
. . 76
264
REPORT ON PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES
27, 28,
School children's Swimming Baths, Cost of
Educational value of
Provision by Education Autliority
School children's Swimming, Authorities responsible for
Conclusions as to
Instructors
Value of
School children's Swimming Tests, Edinburgh
Manchester
School Swimming Associations
Scotland .. .. .. .. 7, S, 13, 18
Second-class Baths
Selby
Shaftesbury, Lord
Sheffield
Shepton Mallet
Shoreditoh . .
Shower Baths
for miners
Slipper Baths
Small Establishments, Value of
Social workers opinions on Bath
Soap
Soldiers, Use of Public Baths by
Sowerby Bridge
Spray Baths. Advantages of
Comparative failure of
Children's
Children's, Cost of
Children's, Results of
Staff
Remuneration of
St. Helens
Stepney
Stockport
Stockton-on-Tees
Stoke
Stoke Newington
Sterilisation of water
Sunderland . .
Swansea
Swimming Baths
Covered
Use in winter of
Swimmers, Conditions affecting the number of
Ratio of women to men
Increase in
Swindon
Tables, Factors to be considered when reading
Todmorden . .
Towels
Tunstall
Twickenham
, 50, ij2
. . 78
. . 76
. . 72
. . 73
76
. . 73
..54,75
. . 90
. . 88
. . 77
63, 64, 66, 73, 75, 77, 110
..64
66, 110
..3
. . 9, 35, 64, 113
..no
. . 69
. . 108
43
8, 11, 16, 17,107
39,41,44
17, 36, 37, 54, 55
28, 38
..8
. . 66
38, 41
. . 43
78, 79, 80, 81, 84, 85
. . 83
. . 79, 80, 81, 82
. . 19, 38, 76, 108
. . 109
24
..114
. . 59
. . 60
..8
21, 113
99, 100, 101
. . 49
8, 110
8, 11, 12, 24, 26
. . 55
66,111
. . 56
62, 63
. . 55
12
. . 20
. . 73
3. 28, 38, 108, 109
8
. . 69
265
INDEX
Tyneinouth . .
United States, Bureau of Labor Keport
Free baths
Ventilation of Baths Buildings
Verminous Children
Wakefield . .
. Wales
Wallasey
Walthanistow
Wantage
War, Effect of
Warrington . .
Wasb-houses, Public,
Ai'guuients for and objections to
attached to tenements
Conclusions as to
Description of
Distribution of
History of
Week-end rush
West Ham . .
Whitehaven . .
Wigan
Wilkinson. Kitty
Willesden
Wimbledon . .
Withington . .
Women bathers
Women and men bathers' use of baths
increased use of
Woolwich
Worthing
Wyke
Yarmouth
Yorkshire
York
baths
59, 69, 110
1 1 . 6:'.
.. Ill
.. 107
1,80,93
.. 60
7
.. 59
23,59
.. 110
8, 48, 77. 133
.. 24
."iO, 51
4.T
52, 53
46,47
2, 14, 47, 48, 50
.. 3.47
.. 32
9, 10, 22, 58, 91
50, 110
.. 24
2
8
24.60
8
27, 36
.. 35
:!6, 37
.. 33
.. 66
8
8
7,61
.. Ill
Printed by T. hiiU a. Ounhtauik, Priiiiera U) His Majesty
at the Kilinbiirgli University Press
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