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GIFT or
Mrs, Amey VJlieeler
I marks
)ii tiers.
i marks
Lpa and
i marka
The Mhine from Rotterdam to Constance, including the Seven Monntams,
tike Moselle J the Tokanic Eifel, the Taanost^ the Odenwald and
Heidelberg, the Tosges Mountains, the Black Forest^ etc. With
52 Maps and 29 Plans. Siiteenth edition. 1906 ...... 7 marks
grade,
dition.
marks
zbnr^j
With
marks
it Britain* Eiiglandf Wtdes, and Scodmid, With ^ Maps,
FlaiLS, and si Paaor^ma, Sixth edition. 13D6 ...... 10 marks
Ion and ita Envirotie, With 4 Maps and 24 Plans. Fonrt^eatb
ition, 1905 ..♦,...,,,, 6 marks
»cie, the Greek Island&f and an Excnraion to Crete, With 11 Mapa^
Plans, and a Panorama of Athens. Third edition. 1905. S marks
Land, see Belgium and Holland.
T-
w^iern Italy^ including Leghoro, Florence^ Ra?enna^ and Routes
rongli Switzerland and Aastria. With 30 Maps and 40 Plans.
ilrteenth edition 1906 S marks
lentral Ita^ and Rome. With 14 Maps^ 49 Plans, a Panorama
Romsj a view of the Pornra Romauumj and the Arms af the
(pes since 1417. Fourteenth edition. 1904 , ...» 7 marks 50 pf.
Sotdhern Italy and Sicily j with Exenrsions to Malta, Sardinia,
inis, and Corfu. With 30 Maps and 28 Plans. Fifteenth edition.
►08 . . . , 6 marki
/ from the Alpi to Naples. With 26 Maps and 44 Plans.
104 , . 8 marks
TW&jf Sweden, and Denmark , in eluding an Excursion to
pit2bergen. With 37 Haps , 22 Plans , and 3 Panoramas. Eighth
lition. 1903 8 marks
estina and Syria, including the principal routes through Meso-
otamia and Babylonia. With 20 Maps, 52 Plans^ and a Panorama
f Jerusalem. Fourth edition, 1906 ......*..... 12 marks
•tugalj see Spain and Portugal,
riera, see Southern France.
Asia, in German or French onlj :
uland. Europ. RuBland, Eisenbahnen in Russ.-Asien, Teheran, Pe-
ing. Mit 20 Karten, 40 Pianen u. 11 Orundr. 6. Aufl, 1904. ISmarkfl
micher SprachfUhrer. 4. And, 1903 1 mark
me. Avec 19 cartes et 32 plans. B« Edition, 1902 .... 15 marks
muel de langue Eus^e, 3*" Edition. 1903 1 mark
jtland, see Great Britain.
lin and Portugal, "wHh Eieursiona to Tangier and the Balearic
^.dands. With 0 Maps and 57 Plans. Tlijrd edition. 1908. 16 marks
Itaerland and tho adjacent portions of Italy, Savoy, and Tyrol,
Wiih 69 Maps^ 18 Plana, and 11 Panoramas. Twenty -second edition.
1907 8 marks
Tol, Bee The Eastern Alpjt.
lA TJidtfid States, with an Excursion into Mexico. With 25 Maps
ind 35 Plans. Third edition. 1904 13 markr
^
THE RHINE
MONEY TABLE.
(Comp. p. xiii.)
Approximate Equiy&lents.
American
Money.
Englisli Money.
Frencli
Money.
German
Money.
Austrian
Money.
Doll.
Cts.
L.
..
D.
Fr.
Cts.
ur
^•
K.
h.
—
1
—
—
v«
—
5
—
4
—
6
—
2V2
—
—
1V4
—
12V2
—
10
—
12
—
5
—
—
2V2
—
25
—
20
—
24
10
..^
—
6
60
_-
40
48
—
12V2
—
—
6V4
—
62V,
—
50
—
60
—
20
—
—
9»/4
1
—
80
—
96
—
301/,
—
—
H
1
10
—
86
1
—
25
—
1
1
25
1
—
1
20
_
43
—
1
9
2
12V«
1
70
2
—
50
—
2
—
2
50
2
—
2
^
75
—
3
—
3
75
3
—
3
60
1
—
4
—
6
4
—
4
80
1
26
—
5
—
6
25
6
— -
6
1
50
—
6
—
7
50
6
—
7
20
1
76
—
7
—
8
75
7
—
8
40
2
—
8
—
10
—
8
—
9
60
2
26
— .
9
—
11
25
9
—
10
80
2
50
10
12
60
10
_
12
3
—
12
— •
15
12
—
14
40
4
—
16
—
20
—
16
—
19
20
5
1
25
20
24
.PP^
—
. 6.
U;!^
Q=
125
—
100
—
120
/
THE RHINE
PROM
ROTTERDAM TO CONSTANCE
HANDBOOK FOB TEAVELLEE8
BY
KAEL PAEDEKEB
With 62 Maps and 29 Plans
SIXTEENTH REVISED EDITION
LEIPZIG: KARL BAEDEKER, PUBLISHER
LONDOK: DULAU AND CO., 37 SOHO SQUAEB, W.
NEW TOEK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 153/167 FIFTH AVENXJE
1906
AH riglUt rettrvid.
■e\f•t••■-.^'■^.,A■'
*Go, little book, God send thee good passage,
And specially let this be thy prayere
Unto them all. that thee will read or hear,
Where thou art wrong, after theli help to call,
Thee to correct in any part or all.'
r •*
PREFACE.
The chief object of the Handbook for the Rhine is to
supply the traveller with such information as will render him
as nearly as possible independent of hotel -keepers, com-
missionnaires, and gnides, and thus enable him the more
thoroughly to eigoy and appreciate the objects of interest he
meets with on his tour.
The Handbook is based almost entirely upon the personal
observation of the Editor, and the country described has
been repeatedly explored by him with a view to procure the
latest possible information; but, as changes are constantly
taking place, he will highly appreciate any communications
with wnich travellers may kindly favour him, if the result of
their own experience. Those already received from numerous
correspondents, which he gratefully acknowledges, have in
many cases proved most serviceable.
The present edition, wich corresponds with the SOth in
German and the 18th in French, has been thoroughly revised
and brought up to date. For the article on the Rhenish Art
the Editor is indebted to the late Professor Anton Springer of
Leipzig.
The Maps and Plans, on which special care has been
bestowed, will often render material service to the traveller,
and enable him at a glance to ascertain his bearings and select
the best routes.
Time Tables. Information regarding trains, steamboats,
and diligences is most trustworthy when obtained from local
sources. The best German publications of the kind are the
^BeiehS'Kursbuch* (2 Jf), published at Berlin, and ^BJendschd's
Telegraph^ (2 Jf), published at Frankfort on the Main, both of
which are issued monthly during the summer season.
Heights are given in English feet (1 EngL ft. «= 0,3048
m^tre). Distances in English miles (except in the case of
mountain-excursions, where the time they occupy is given as
more convenient), and the Populations in accordance with
the most recent census.
Hotels. The Editor has endeavoured to enumerate, not
only the first-class hotels, but others also of more modest
pretensions, which may be safely selected by the *voyageur
en garQon', with little sacrifice of comfort and great saving of
723240
Tl PREFACE.
expenditare. Although changes frequently take place, and
prices generally have an upward tendency, the average
charges as stated in the Handbook from the personal ex-
perience of the Editor, from data furnished by numerous
correspondents, and from information supplied by hotel-
keepers themselves, will enable the traveller to form a fair
estimate of his probable expenditare. It is advisable to as-
certain the charge for rooms in advance. The asterisks in-
dicate those hotels which the Editor has reason to believe to
be provided with the comforts and conveniences expected in
up-to-date establishments, and also to be well managed and
with a reasonable scale of charges. Houseis of a more modest
character, when good of their class, are described as 'good' or
*very fair. At the same time the Editor does not doubt that
equal excellence may often be found in hotels that are an-
starred and even unmentioned.
The Editor regrets that he is unable to answer all com-
munications. To hotel-proprietors, tradesmen, and others he
begs to intimate that a character for fair dealing and courtesy
towards travellers is the sole passport to his commendation,
and that advertissements of every kind are strictly excluded
from his Handbooks.
AbbreviAtioBi.
B. s room, ronte ; L. = light \ B. = breal^ast \ D. = dinner ; S. = sapper ;
A. as attendance; dej. = dejeuner (lancheon); rfmta. s refreshments; pens.
;s pension (i.e. board and lodging). — K. ss north, northern, etc. ; S. ss
south, etc. ; E. = east, etc, ; W. ^ west, etc. ~ r. s right; 1. = left. —
M. = English mile; ft. = Engl. foot. — Jf = mark; pf. = pfennig; fr. =
franc; c. = centime. — hr. = hour; min. = minute. — Oarr. = carriage;
omn. = omnibus. — ca. = circa, about. — Comp. = compare.
The letter d with a date, after the name of a person, indicates the
year of his death. The number of feet given after the name of a. place in-
dicates its height above the sea-level. The number of miles placed be-
fore the principal placei on railway-routes and highroads generally indi-
cates their distance from the starting-point of the route or sub-route.
Asteriaka are used as marks of commendation.
CONTENTS.
I. Language xUi
n. Money. Tr&yelling Expenses xiii
m. Passports. Gastom House xiv
ly. Routes from London to tlie Rhine xIy
V. Railways • . . xv
YI. Steamboats. Fall, Breadtli, Length, and Depth of
the Rhine xtI
Vn. Walking Excursions xvlii
Vm. Cycling and Motoring Notes xvlil
IX. Hotels xix
X. Climate. Grape Cure ..." xx
XI. Wines of the Rhine and Moselle . . . . ^ . xxl
XIL Rhenish Art xxlv
Boate.
1. From Brussels to Cologne 1
EnTirons of Aix-la-Chapelle, 13. — From Aiz-la-Ghapelle to
Halmedy, 13. — From Diiren to Kideggen and Heimbach.
From Diiren to Keuaa and to Jiilich, 15. From Horrem to
Liblar and Ameln, 16.
2. From Rotterdam to Cologne 16
From Oberhansen to Bolirort, 19. -^ Environs of DiiM«ldorf , 36.
From MiiUieim to Gladbach, Bensberg, and Immekeppel, 26.
3. Cologne 26
4. From Cologne to Neuss (Dusseldorpy Crefeld, and Clave . 56
From NeusB to Obercassel (Dftsseldorf), 66. — From Oeldem
to We«el. From Gocli to Wesel. Xanten, 58. — From Cleve
to Elton and Zevenaar and to Galcar, Mors, and Daisbnrg, 60.
5. From Aix-la-Chapelle to Ddsseldorf yi4 Gladbach .... 60
Scliloss Dyck, 61.
6. From Gladbach to Crefeld, Duisburg, and Essen .... 62
From Viersen to Yenlo (Flushing, Rotterdam, Maastricht;
to HoBrs Ti& Crefeld, 62.
7. From Cologne and DOsseldorf to Elberfeld 63
From Opladen to Remscheid riK Lennep. Altenberg, 63. —
From OiUigs to Solingen and Vohwinkel. Kaiser -Wilhelm-
Brlicke, 64. — From Elberfeld to Schwelm and Hagen, 66.
8. From. Cologne to Frankfort via GKessen 66
9. The Rhine from Cologne to Coblenz 69
Basalt Quarries of Dattonberg and the Hinderberg, 74. —
From Keawied to Monrepos and Altwied, 78.
10. From Coblenz to Cologne. Railway Journey 79
11. From Cologne to Ehrenbreitsteln (CobUm) 82
From Engers to Siershahn, 84.
12. Bonn 86
13. The Seven Mountains (Siehengehirge) 91
14. VaUey of the Ahr 98
KeMelinger-Tal and Denntal. Aremberg, 102. — Hobe Aebt.
Kftrbnrg, 103.
Tlli CONTENTS.
Bonte Page
15. From Andemacli and from Brohl to the Laacher See . . 103
16. Coblenz and its EnYtrons 106
17. The Rhine from Coblenz to Mayence 113
From Oberlalinstein via Branbach to Nastatten, 116. — Alte
Burg, near Boppard. Fleckertshohe. From Boppard to tlie
Moselle, 118. — Spitzenstein. Schweizer-Tal, 121. — Bcichen-
berg. From Si. Gearshausen to Zollhaus via Kastatten, 122.
— Steeger-Tal, 125. — Wiaper-Tal. From Lorch to Schwal-
bach, 126. — The Sauerburg. Morgenbach-Tal, 127. —
Elisenliohe; 131. — Walk in the Bheingau, 132. — Eibingen,
133. — Hallgarten. Eberbaoh and the Steinberg, .134. —
Eiedrich. Grafenberg. Scharfenstein, 136.
18. The Niederwald 137
19. From Coblenz to Mayence. Railway on the Left Bank . 139
20. From Coblenz to Wiesbaden. Schlangenbad and Schwal-
bach. Railway on the Right Bank ....... 141
From Eltville to Schlangenbad, 143. — From Wieabaden
to Schwalbach and Limbnrg, 14i.
21. Wiesbaden 146
22. Mayence 154
23. From Bingerbriick to Kreoznach, Saarbrficken, and Metz 166
From Ereuznach to the Gans, Bheingrafenstein, and Munster
am Stein. Ebembnrg, 168. — Rotcnfela. Altenbaumburg.
Lemberg. From Kreuznach to WaUhausen and to Winter-
burg. From Miinster am Stein to Kaiserslautem, 169. —
Schlosa Dhaun, 171. — Idar. Hnnnenring. Tholey, 172. —
Heighta of Spicheren, 173. — St. Amual, 174. — The Battle
Fields near Hetz, 177. — From Mets to Pagny, 179.
24. From Saarbrucken to Treves, and thence to Luxembourg
and Metz 179
Hontclair. The Clef. Gastel. The Elans, 181.
25. From Coblenz to Treves by the Moselle and by Railway 190
Ehrenburg. Miinster-Maifeld, 192. — Sohloss Eltz. Pyr-
mont, 193. — From Alf to Bertrich, 196. — Bodelheck.
Falkenlel, 197. — From Wengerohr to Bemcastel, 198. —
Eautenbach-Tal. Wildbad Trarbach. Bad Wildstein, 200. —
Tief«ifoach-Tal. From Bemeastel to Treves, 201.
26. The Volcanic Eifel 203
a. Railway from Cologne to Treves 203
From Euskirchen to Diiren, to Bonn, and to Hftnstereifel,
208. — From Call to Hellenthal. TJrf tal Beservoir. — From
Hillesheim to Adenan, 204. — From Gerolstcin to Prfim and .
St. Vith and to Dann, 205, 206. — Fliessem and Bitburg,*207.
b. Railway from Andemach to Mayen and Gerolstein . 208
From Kaisersesch to Cochem, 208. — Wehrbfiseh. Warth, 209.
c. Walk from Daun to Kyllburg yit Gillenfeld and
Manderscheid 209
From Daun to Manderscheid, 211. — Bettenfeld. Meerfelder
Maar, 212.
27. From Coblenz to Wetzlar. Ems and the Valley of the Lahn 213
Excursions from Ems, 217. — From Limburg to An and to
Altenkirchen. Hachenburg, 220. — Weiltal. Braunfels, 231.
28. Frankfort , 223
From Frankfort to Mayence, 240.
CONTENTS. ix
Boute Pm«
29. TheTauniis 240
a. From Frankfort to Gastel (Mayenee) and Wiesbaden 241
b. From Frankfort to Homburg 242
The Saalbnrg, 244. — From Hombnrg to Usingen, 245.
c. From Frankfort to Cronberg or Konigstein. Feldberg 245
d. From Frankfort to Soden 248
From Soden to Oronberg and to Edsigstein, 2i8.
e. From Frankfort to Eppstein and Limburg 249
The Bossert. Fischbach-Tal, 249. — Ken-Weilnau. Alt-
Weilnau, 250.
30. From Frankfort or Mayenee to Mannheim and Heidelberg 250
a. Yi^ Lampertbeim to Mannheim (Garlsmbe) .... 250
b. yi& Darmstadt to Heidelberg and Mannheim .... 251
From Darmstadt to Worms and to Mannheim. From Bieken-
bach to Jugenheim and Seeheim. 255. — The Melibokus.
Environs of Auerbach, lffi8. — From Bensheim to Wormi.
Lorsch. Starkenburg, 257. — From Weinheim to Heidel-
berg and to Mannheim, 258.
31. TbeOdenwald. 258
a. Western Portion. Felsberg. Llndenfels. From Wein-
heim to Furth 259
From Lindenfels to Heppenheim and to Fftrth. From
Horlenbaeh to Waldmiehelbaeh, 261. — The Tromm, 26^.
b. Eastern Portion. Odenwald Railway > 262
From Beinheim to Reichelsheim, 268. — From Michelatadt
to Amorbaeh, Miltenberg, and Aschaflenburg, 264.
32. Heidelberg and the Valley of the Neckar 265
From Heidelberg to Sohwetzingen and Speyer 276
33. Mannheim and Lndwigshafen 276
From Mannheim to Carlsruhe, 279.
34. From Mayenee to Ludwigshafen (Mannheim), Worms . 280
35. From Bingen or Mayenee vi4 Alzey to Kaiserslautern,
Worms, or Neustadt ... * 286
The Donnersberg. From Griinstadt to Eisenberg, 287. —
Abbey of Limburg, 288. — Hartenburg. Heidenmauer, 289.
36. From Ludwigshafen to Weissenborg and Strassburg . . 289
Enyirons of Kenstadt. Haardt, 290. — From Kenstadt to
the Maxbnrg, 291. — Gleisweiler. Elingenmiinater. Berg'
zabern, 292. — Geisberg, 293. — Worth, 294.
37. From Mannheim (Ludwigshafen) to Neunkirchen ^ . . 294
From Kaiseralantern to Lauterecken • Grumbach, 295. —
From Landstnhl to Eusel, 296. — From Hombnrg to Meisen-
heim, Odernheim, and Munster am Stein, 296, 297. — From
Hombnrg to Zweibriicken, 297.
38. From Ludwigshafen to Speyer, Lanterburg, and Strassbnrg 297
39. From Oermersheim to Zweibriicken Yi& Landau. The
Vosges of the Palatinate . . 301
Pirmasena, 802. — From Zweibr&cken to SaarbrUcken and
to Saargemiind, 303.
40. Strassbnrg 304
From Strassburg to Eehl and to Qolmar, 316.
X CONTENTS.
Boate Page
41. From Strassbnrg to Saarbrucken (MeU) 316
42. From Strassbnrg to Metz Tilt Saaralben or yIII Saarburg . 318
From Obermodem to Zabern, 318. — From Saarburg to
Saargemiiiid ; to Albertebweiler ; to Nancy, 320.
Tbe N. Vosges Mts 321
43. From Strassbnrg to Bide 323
From Bollweiler to Enaiabeim, 336. — From MiUhaosen to
HiiUheim and to Belfort. From St. Ludwig to Leopolds-
hohe. Hiiningen, 828.
44. Tbe Central and Upper Vosges Mts 329
I. Tbe Central Vosges Mts 330
a. From Zabem to Molsbeim. Wangenbnrg. Scbneeberg 330
b. From Strassbnrg to Saales. Brenscbtal. Donon . . 331
From Schirmeck to Hohwald, 332. — From Botban to
Hohwald, 383.
c. From Molsbeim to Scblettstadt Odilienberg. Hobwald 335
II. Tbe Upper or Hlgb Vosges Mts 339
a. From Scblettstadt to Markircb. Hob-Konigsbnrg.
Rappoltsweiler 339
From Markircb to Rappoltsweiler. 340. — The Br^souard,
841. — From Bappoltsweiler to Beichenweier and Kaysera-
berg, 843, 8U.
b. Tbe Welsstal. Tbe Weisse See and Scbwarze See.
Reisberg 344
c. From Colmar to MtLnster and Metzeral. Tbe Scblncbt 347
From Tnrkheim to Drei iBbren^ 348. — Ascent of tbe Eable
Waaen from Miinater and Lnttenbacb, 849. — Hobneck,
860. — From tbe Scblncbt to G^rardmer. From Metzeral
to the Gruaae Belchen. Botenbacbkopf, 351.
d. From Bollweiler to Lantenbacb. Grosse Belcben . 351
Mnrbach Abbey, 352.
e. From Mnlbausen to Wesserling and Krut 353
From St. Amarin to MaamUnster, 854.
f. From Sennbeim to Sewen. Welscbe Belcben . . . 355
45. From Heidelberg to Baden 356
From Bruchsal to Germeraheim. From Dnrlach to Pforss-
heim and Wildbad, 358. — From Garlamhe to Landau, 384.
46. Baden and Environs 366
47. From Baden to Freiburg and BSlle 378
Saabacb. Erlenbad, 878. — Brigittenachloaa. From Appen-
weier to Kehl and Straaabnrg, 379. — From Dinglingen to
Lahr. Eaiaerfltnhl Bailway, 8»0. — Bzcuraiona from Frei-
burg. Gflnteratal, Schau-ina-Land, etc., 387, 388. — From
Freiburg to Oolmar, 388.
48. Tbe Black Forest ri>ttcAy o/'Bod^n; 390
a. From Oarlsrube and Ettllngen or from Gemsbacb to
Herrenalb 392
b. FromBubltbrongb tbeBubler-Talto tbe Sand (Plattig)
and Hnndseck, and to AUerbeiligen vist tbe Homis-
grinde and tbe Rnbstein 393
Gertelbach-Schlucht, 898. — Badener Hohe. Mehliskopf.
Hohe Ochaenkopf, 894.
CONTENTS. xi
Route Page
c. The Muxgtal from Bastatt to Baiersbionn, and thence
to Frendenstadt. From Schdnmdnzach to the Homis-
grinde 396
From Baden to Forbach direct and to Herrenwiea, 897.
d. From Aehem vik Ottenh5fen to the Rohsteln or Aller-
helligen 399
From Eappelrodeek to Allerheiligen, 399. — From Otten-
hofen to Allerheiligen. The Bothe Schliflkopf. From Aller-
heiligen to Oppenau, 400. — From Allerheiligen to Bippoldsaa
orer the Eniebis, 401.
e. From Appenweier to Oppenan and the Baths In the
Benchtal 401
From L5cherberg to Zell tU Harmersbach or Kordraeh,
403. — From Petersthal to Schapbach and Antogast From
Oriesbach to Bippoldsan. Holzw&lder Hdhe, 403.
f. Schwarzwald Railway from Offenbarg to Constance . 404
M oostorm, 405. — From Biberach to Ober-Harmerabach ; to
Lahr. Hohen-Geroldseck, 405. — Althomberg. From Horn-
berg to Elzach and Schramberg, 406. — From Triberg to
Homberg yi& the Althornberg and to Blzach yia Sohonach.
From St. Georgen to Triberg, 408. — From Donaueschingen
to Fortwangen, 410.
g. From Hansach to Frendenstadt Ti4 Schlltach. Bip-
poldsan 410
From the E15sterle to Frendenstadt, 411. — From Schlltach
to Schramberg, 412.
h. From Triberg to the Simonswalder-Tal (Waldklrch)
vi4 Furtwangen 413
The Brend. From Furtwangen to Waldan, 414. — Zweri-
bach Fall, 415.
I. Waldkirch and the Elztal 416
k. Hollental Bailway £rom Freibnrg to Donaneschingen.
Feldberg 417
From Kirchzarten to St. Margen and to Todtnau, 417. —
From Himmelreich to St. Margen. 418. — Hochwart. Saig.
Hochflrst. Weisstannhohe. Friedenweiler, 419-420.
1. From Titlsee to Schluchsee and St. Blaslen .... 424
From Schluchsee to Thlengen, 424.
m. Badenweiler and Enyirons. Biirgeln. Blanen .... 426
Kaidern, and thence to Haltingen, 428.
n. From Badenweiler to the Belchen, and through the
Manster-Tal to Stanfen 428
From Schonan and from Bad Salzburg to the Belchen, 429.
— From Staufen to Utzenfeld in the Wiesen-Tal, 4i80.
0. The Wiesen-Tal and the ^Strategic Line* 430
From LSrrach to Leopoldshohe, 482.
p. The Wehra-Tal and Albtal 433
From St. Blasien to Schluchsee and to Todtmoos, 435.
49. From Bide to Constance rik Schaffhausen 436
From Waldshut to Immendingen. The SchWcht-Tal, 433.
— The Falls of the Bhine, 440. — Hohentwiel. The Island
of Beichenan, 440.
Index ^2
xli MAPS AND PLANS.
Maps.
1. The Rhbhish Pbovivos of Prvbbia. ajxd Nabsao (1 : 1,000,000) \ before
the title-page.
2. Railway Map or the Lowsb Bhinb (1 : 574,000) \ p. 06.
3. The Bnyibons or Olbvs (1 : 25,000) ; p. 69.
4. The Bhinb tbom <3oLoairB to Bonn (1 : 180,00(n ; p. 68.
6. The Bhinb fbom Bonn to Coblbnz (1:100,000)*, p. 70.
6. The Sevbn Mountains (1:60,000); p. 92.
7. The Vallet of the Ahb (1 : 160,000) ; p. 98.
8. The Bnvibons of the Laaohbb See (1: 160,000); p. 101.
9. The Rhine fbom Ooblenz to Binoen (1 : 100,000); p. 112.
10, 11. The BNVIBON8 of Boppaed and St. Goab (1:60,000); pp. 117, 120.
12. The Rhbingau (1: 260,000) i p. 128.
- " -1,0(4)); p. "*
14. The Bnvibons of Kbeuznagh (1 : 45,000) ; p. 165.
16. The Nahbtal (1:800.000); p. 168.
16. The Vallet of the Saab (1:500,000); p. 172.
17. The Envibons of Metz (1 : 160,000); p. 176.
18. The Moselle fbom TeA ves to Coblenz (1 : 250,000) ; p. 190.
19. The Envibons of Alp and Bbbtbioh (1 : 125,000) ; p. 196.
20. The Volcanic Bifel (1:260,000); p. 208.
21. The Envibons of Daun and Mandebsohbid (1:80,000)) p. 210.
22. The Envibons of Ems (1 : 65,200) ; p. 214.
23. The Valley of the Lahn (1 : 250,000); p. 218.
24. The Taunus (1 : 260,000); p. 240.
25. The Feldbebq in the Taunus and the Envibons of Hohbdbo (1 : 80,000) ;
p. 246.
26. 27. The W. and E. Odbnwald (1 : 250,000); pp. 268, 262.
28. The Envibons of HeidelbebO (1 : 30,000) ; p. 264.
29. Map of Rhenish Hbsse (1 : 600,000) ; p. 286.
30. The Environs of Nkostadt (1 : 60.(100); p. 290.
31. The Bhenish Palatinate (1 : 600,()0q) ; p. 294.
82. The KoBTHBBN Vosoes Mts. (1 :260.()00); p. 821.
33. The Centeal Vosqes Mts. (1:250,000); p. 330.
34, 35. The Envibons of the Odilibnbebo and of thb HoH-KoNiasBUBo
(1:80,000); p. 336.
36. The SouTHBBN Vosqes Mts. (1 : 250,000) ; p. 344.
37. The Envibons op Wild bad (1:25.000); p. 858.
38. The Envibons op Baden (1 : 63,000) ; p. 372.
39. The Envibons of Feeibdbq (1 : 31,000); p. 382.
40-46. The Black Fobest (1 : 160,000). Sheet I. (Murgtal), p. 392; Sheet H.
(Renchtal), p. 398; Sheet III. (Kinzigtal), p. 404; Sheet IV.
(Elztal), p. 414; Sheet V. (HSllental, Feldherg), p. 4175 Sheet VI.
(Southern Valleys; 1 : 260,000), p. 430.
46. The Envibons of Allebheiliqen (1 : 82,600):. p. 400.
47. The Envibons op Tbibbbq (1 : 80,000); p. 406.
48. The Feldbebq Distbict (1 : 80,000); p. 422.
49. The Envibons of Badenweilee (1 : 70,000); p. 425.
60. SoHAPPHAUSEN AND Falls OF THE Rhine (1 : SSLOOO) : p. 434.
51. Map op South- Westebn Gebmant (1 : 1.000,000), after the index.
52. Railway Map op the Rhine, at the end of the book.
INTBODUCTION.
I. Language.
A slight acquaintance with German is indispensable for those
who desire to explore the more remote parts of the Rhenish
Provinces. Tourists who do not deviate from the beaten track wiU
generally And English or French spoken at the principal hotels and
the usual resorts of strangers; but if they are entirely ignorant
of German they must be prepared occasionally to submit to the
extortions practised by porters, cab-drivers, and others of a like
class, which even the data furnished by the Handbook will not
always enable them to avoid.
EngliBb travellers often impose considerable tronble by ordering thhigs
almost unknown hi German usage; and if ignorance of the language be
added to want of conformity to ttie customs, misunderstandings and dis-
Sutes are apt to ensue. T|ie reader is therefore recommended to acquire
* possible such a moderate proficiency in the language as to render him
intelligible to the servants, and to endeavour to adapt his requirements
to the habits of the country. For this purpose Baedeker*i Manual of Con-
vertaHon (3 Uf) and Baedeker*t Conver$ation DieHonarv (in four languages;
3 Jf} will be found useful.
n. Money. Travelling Expenses.
MoNBT. The German mark (uff), which is nearly equivalent to
the English shilling, is divided into 100 pfennigs. Banknotes of 5,
20, and 50 Jf are issued by the German Imperial Bank (^Deutsche
Beiekshank'), and others of 100, 500, and 1000 Jf by the Imperial
Bank and by twelve other chartered banks. The current gold coins
are pieces of 10 and of 20 marks, the intrinsic value of which is
somewhat lower than that of the English half-sovereign and sover-
eign (ll. being worth about 20 uff 43 pf.). The paper currency is
of the same value as the precious metals. The silver coins are
pieces of 5, 3 (the old 'thaler' or dollar), 2, 1, and Va mark (50 pf.>
In nickel there are coins of 20, 10, and 5 pfennigs, and in copper
there are pieces of 2 and 1 pfennig.
English sovereigns and banknotes may be exchanged at all the
principal towns in Germany, and napoleons are also favourably re-
ceived (20 fif. = 16«. = 16 uT 20 pf ., and often a Uttle more). Those
who travel with large sums should carry them in the form of letters
of credit or in circular notes of 61, or 102., rather than in banknotes
or gold, as the value of the former, if lost or stolen, is recoverable.
TBAVBLLiNe ExpENSBs. The expense of a tour in the Rhenish
Proviiices depends of course on a great variety of circumstances. Of
ate years many complaints have jusUy been made of the exorbitant
ehtrges at some of the Rhenish hotels ; but it may be stated generally
xiT PASSPORTS.
that travelling in Gennany, and even on the Rhine, is less ex-
pensive, and in some respects more comfortable, than in most
other countries in Europe. The pedestrian of moderate require-
ments, who has attained tolerable proficiency in the language and
avoids the beaten track as much as possible, will have no difficulty
in limiting his expenditure to S-iQJf per day ; but those who prefer
driving to walking, frequent the most expensive hotels, and require
the services of guides and commissionnaires, must be prepared to
expend at least 25-80 uff daily.
m. Passports. Castom Hoase.
Passfobtb are, as a rule, unnecessary for travellers in Germany,
but they are frequently useful in proving the identity of the trav-
eller, in procuring admission to collections, and in obtaining delivery
of registered letters. Cyclists and motorists (comp. p. xviii) should
always carry passports.
Passports may be obtain d direct from the Foreign Office (fee 2«.)i or
through Cf. Smith and 8<m, 23 Oraven Street, Obaring Gro^s (fee 4«.); Bitst^
4 Adelaide St., Strand (fee As.)\ Thomas Cook A Bon^ Ladgate Circns (fee
8«. 6d.); and Henry Blaeklock A Co. CBradshaw^s Guides' ^ fee 6«.)* An
extra charge is made for each v»>a, should such be necessary.
OusTOM HousB formalities are now almost everywhere lenient.
As a rule, however, articles purchased during the journey, which
are not destined for personal use, should be declared at the frontier.
IV. Aoutes from London to the Ahine.
Vologne^ as the focus of the Rhenish districts, is taken as the
goal of the under-noted routes ; but it will be easy to make the re-
quisite allowances if some other point be the tourist's destination.
— Luggage may be registered through to destination (booking-fee
4-6d. per package), but is examined at the frontier (see below).
Bicycles are registered as ordinary luggage for an extra fee of bs, —
Second-class passengers may travel in the saloon of the steamers for
a small extra fee (from 2«. upwards). — Uniformed Interpreters
attend the Continental trains at the chief points of departure and
arrival. — German (Central Europe) time is 1 hr. ahead of Green-
wich time. — For fuller details as to hours of trains, sleeping car-
riages, station-omnibuses, etc., see the time-tables of the South
Eastern^ Chatham and the Oreat Eastern BaUways, Cook's Continent
tal Time'TdbleSj or Bradshaw*s Continental Bailway Quide,
a. Yia Oatend and Ghent.
Duration of direct Journey 13-10 hrs. Through-fares, ist class 2l, lbs,
2nd class 2^. ; return-fores il. 13#. 6d., 8i. 8#. 2d. Extra-fare on *train de
luxe' (9 a.m.) 10«. 6d. Charge for excess-luggage, Si. 8d. per 20 lbs. Return-
tickets valid for 45 days.
South Eastbbn A Chatham Railwat from CJuiring Crou or Victoria
to (78 M.) Dover Fier in 2-21/2 hrs. ~ Stbambb from Dover to (49 M.) Oatend
in 4»/4-5»/4 hrs. — Railway to (^16 M.) Cologne vi& BnuseU or vift Malinet
in 6-8 hrs.
RAILWAYS. XV
Lngsage is examined at Birhttihal (p. 9). Pasaengert by the mondng
service may. on notiee given to the conductor of Uie train at Ostend,
Bruges, or Ghent, obtain dinner-baskets at Malines (4Vs &>» wine included).
h. Vi& Hushing.
Duration of journey 14-i4Vz hrs. Through-fares 2^. i2«. 9<l., 1^ 16«.;
return (available for 45 days) Sf. 17s. Sd., 2l. 13«. 8<l. ; extra-fare on corridor-
train CD' train) 2<. ; excess-luggage Is. 8<f. per 20 lbs.
Bailwat from Victoria^ Eolhom^ or 8i. Faufs to (50 M.) QuMnboro Pier
in IVi-lVa hr. — Stkambe from Queenboro to (12011.) Flushing in BVi-TVs hrs.
— lUiLWAT firom Flushing to (208 M.) Cologne via Venlo in 7-7V4 hrs.
Luggage examined at Goch (p. 58). Table d'hdte on the day-steamer 4s.
Bestaurant-cars attached to the chief trains from Flushing.
0. yi& Hoek van Holland.
Duration of ioumey 15 his. Fares 2J. 12s. 9tf., il. 16«. ; return (46 days)
3/. 17<. 8d., 21. Ida. 8d.; extra-fare on *D* or corridor train 2s.; excess-
luggage Is. 6d. per 20 lbs.
Great Eastebn Railway from Liverpool Street to (70V2 M.) Harwich in
IVs hr. — Stbamsb from Harwich to (108 M.) Soek van Molland in 7 hrs.
— Bailway from Hoek van Holland to (186 H.) Cologne^ viH Rotterdam,
Nymtoegen^ and Yenlo^ in 6V2 hrs.
Luggage examined at Clhve (p. 59). Restaurant -car attached to the
boat-train from Hoek van Holland.
d. mk Calais.
Duration of journey IS-I8V2 hrs. Fares 3/. 5«. 3d., 2l. 6«. lOd.; return
(45 days) 51. lis. 2d.. 4/. Is. 4d.; extra-fare on *train de luxe' (9 a.m.) 13s.
id. ; excess-luggage ot. 3d. per 20 lbs.
Rail WAT from Charing Cross^ Victoria, or Cannon Street to (78 M.) Dover
Pier in 2-2V2 hrs. — Stbamkb from Dover to (25 M.) Calais in iV4-lV2 hr. —
Railway from Calais to Brussels and 0^29 M.) Cologne in 10-14 hrs.
Luggage examined sASerbesthal (p. 8). Restaurant or dining cars attached
to the chief trains.
V. Eailways.
Railwats. Railway-travelling is cheaper in Germany than in
most other parts of Europe, and the carriages are generally clean
and comfortable. Those of the second class, with spring-seats, are
sometimes nearly as good as the first in England. Smoking is
permitted in all the carriages, except those 'F^r Nicht-Raucher* and
the coupes for ladies. The average fares for the different classes are
about i^/j^d,, iy^d., and*/5d..per Engl. M. respectively. The speed
seldom exceeds 25 M. per hour. No one Is admitted to the platform
without either a railway-ticket or a platform-ticket (Bahnsteigkarte)f
the latter (10 pf.) may be obtained from the automatic machines
placed for the purpose at all stations. ^ Travellers by the through
corridor-trains, marked *D' in the Beichi-Kursbuchf are bound to
take (in addition to the railway-tickets) special seat-tickets (Ptotx-
kartmi 1 Jf for any distance below 150 kil. or ca. 93 M., and 2 Jf
for any greater distance).
On some of the lines 20-50 lbs. of luggage are free, in addition
to smaller articles carried In the hand, over- weight being charged for
at moderate rates ; but on many of the lines all luggage in the van
must be paid for. In all cases the heavier luggage must be booked,
xvi STEAMBOATS.
and a ticket piocnred for it; this being done, tiie trayeUer need not
enqnire after his 'impedimenta* until he arrlyes and presents his
ticket at his final destination (where they will he kept in safe
custody, several days usually gratis). Where, however, a frontier
has to be crossed, the traveller should see his luggage cleared at the
custom-house in person. — Circular Ticketi for prolonged tours are
issued at considerably reduced rates (see the time-tables), but are
only partly available fox the Rhine steamers (see below)^ Ordinary
xetuxn-tickets are available for one to three days. — At the larger
stations all information may be obtained from the uniformed Portier,
TI. Steamboats on the Ahine.
Travellers for pleasure should undoubtedly select the Rhine
steamers between Mayence and Cologne in preference to the rail-
way, in spite of the fact that their punctnality (especially in going
upstream) cannot be so implicitly depended on. The first steamer
came from London to Ooblenz in 1817. Regular service above
Cologne was instituted In 1827. The passenger-service is carried
on mainly by the united Cologne and Dusuldorf CompanUa, the
steamers of the former having black, of the latter black-and-white
funnels. The admirable saloon-steamers of these companies ac-
complish the journey from Mayence to Cologne in 7^/4 hrs., and
that from Cologne to Mayence in I21/4 hrs., touching, in descend-
ing, at Biebrich, Coblenz, and Bonn only; in ascending, at Bingen
also. The Netherlands Sieam-Ship Co. (funnels black below and
white above), which formerly carried on a freight-Bervice almost
exclusively, now also runs two saloon-steamers for passengers (piers
different from those of the other companies). These have the ad-
vantage for travellers to or from Rotterdam that no change of boat
is needed. The ordinary steamers stop at numerous small places
where passengers are landed in boats. The charge for landing or
embarking, including 100 lbs. of luggage, is 10 pf.
The fares are very moderate, those for voyages upstream being
one-sixth less than for those in the reverse direction. The express
fares are somewhat higher than the ordinary. The express-steamers
carry saloon-passengers only. Each passenger is allowed lOOlbs. of
luggage free. Additional advantages are offered by the issue of re-
turn-tickets, one class of which is valid for a week, another within
the current year. Railway Circular Tickets (see above), the so-
called ^Elective Railway Tickets' (Waklfreie EitenhahnTcarten), and
the tickets issued by the usual tourists' agents are available for the
steamers between Cologne and Mayence, subject to conditions
printed on the tickets. It is important to note that in these cases
the train may be exchanged for the steamer, or vice versd^ only at
the terminal station in the coupon. Third-class passengers may
travel in the saloon on paying the difference to the purser (^Con-
dukteur') on board.
STEAMBOATS.
xvli
PMsengers emb«r]diig at aUtiOBf with piers must take tickets at the
office on shore, and those embarking at other stations shonld obtain them
from the purser immediately on going on board, as otherwise they may
be compelled to pay the fare from the steamer^s first point of departure.
The holder of a ticket costing not less than 2 Uf ia at liberty to break
his journey, provided h« signify his intention to the purser before the
tickets are coUected. If the Journey be resumed at a station nearer the
passenger^s destination than that at which he disembarked, the ticket
ceases to be valid for the intervening stations. Tickets must also be
•tamped at the office or by the conductor at the station where the journey
is resumed} and the same regulation applies to retunk-tickets at the be-
ginning of the return-journey.
In autumn the steamers are often unpunctual in consequence of the
fogs which then prevail. At this season it is sometimes prudent to delay
taking tickets until the steamer is actually in sight.
Refreshments are provided on board the steamers, in the style of the
larger hotels. Table dlidte on the German steamers at 1 o^clock 3 Jf,
children half-price} ices 00 pf. extra. The wines are made a special
feature in the commissariat.
Travellers starting at an early hour will find breakfast on board
pleasanter than a hurried meal before leaving their hotel. The waiters
occasionally offer worthless books , maps, and panoramas for sale at ex-
orbitant prices.
Fall of the Rhine,
Height above the level of the sea of —
Feet
The Toma-See, source of the
Vorder-Bhein 7689
The Bheinwald Glacier, cra-
dle of the Hinter-Bheb . 7268
The Lake of Constance . . 1806
The Rhine at B&le .... 806
The Rhine at Mannheim
n n n Mayence .
„ „ „ Coblenz .
n n y> Cologne .
r, n n Dusseldorf
- - Emmerich
Feet.
380
265
190
142
78
At Bile. . .
„ Mannheim.
„ Mayence .
. Coblens
Breadth of the Rhine.
Tards.
Yards.
At Bonn 682
m r> Cologne 483
492 „ Diisseldorf 409
„ Schenkenschans(Dutchfront)909
Length of the Rhine. Engl. Miles.
From Bftle to Kehl i . . 80
„ Kehl to Mannheim 82
„ Mannheim to Mayenoe 46V3
„ Mayence to Bingen IS^t
„ Bingen to Coblenz 38Vs
„ Cobleni to Cologne 59Vt
„ Cologne to Diisseldorf 34Vt
„ Diisseldorf to Emmerich 66Vs
„ Emmerich to Briel (German Ocean) 101
„ B&le to the German Ocean 626
Average Depth of the Rhine. Feet.
Between B&le and Strassburg S-12
9 Strassburg and Mayence 5-26
. Mayence and Bonn 9-76
At &e Lurlei •. ^^76
Between Bonn and Cologne 1^-80
a Cologne and Diisseldorf . .• "-**
BaiDBSSB's Rhine. 16th Edit. b
xviii
Vn. Walking Excursions.
The pedestrian is unquestionably the most independent of
travellers, and to him alone the beautiful scenery of some of the
more remote districts is accessible. For a short tour a couple of
flannel shirts, a pair of worsted stockings, slippers, the articles
of the toilet, a light waterproof, and a stout umbrella will generally
be found a sufficient equipment. Strong and well-tried boots are
essential to comfort. Heavy and complicated knapsacks should be
avoided; a light pouch or game-bag is far less Irksome, and its
position may be shifted at pleasure. A more extensive reserve of
clothing should not exceed the limits of a small portmanteau, which
can be easily wielded, and may be forwarded from town to town
by post.
The banks of the Rhine abound in charming scenery , which it
will amply reward the pedestrian to explore; many districts replete
with both historical and natural interest are described in the fol-
lowing pages. The following are especially recommended to the
notice of travellers : The Seven Mts. (R. 13), the Eifel (R. 26),
the banks of the Moselle (R. 25), the Taunus (R. 29), the Oden-
wald (R. 31), the Black forest (R. 48), the Vosges (RR. 42, 44),
and the environs of Schaffhausen and Falls of the Rhine (R. 49). By
consulting the Handbook the traveller will discover many attractive
spots, both in these and other districts.
VIII. Cycling and Motoring Notes.
Otoling is very prevalent in the Rhenish districts, and there are
suitable roads all the way from Holland to Bile and the Lake of
Constance. Among the most popular bits for wheeling are the left
bank of the Rhine from Bonn to Bingen, the Rheingau, the valley
of the Moselle, the road from Frankfort to Heidelberg, the Neckar
valley and the W. slopes of the Black Forest, and the roads skirting
the Haardt Mts. and the Vosges. Excursions in the Black Forest,
the Yosges, or other mountainous districts make considerable de-
mands on the strength and staying power of the rider, but some
delightful rides downhill may be begun at the highest-lying railway-
stations. Dangerous places are generally marked on the cycling
mapa mentioned at p. xlx, but the cyclist should always be careful
on roads unknown to him. Strong brakes and a good lamp for night-
riding are indispensable.
Some of the narrower and steeper streets in towns and villages
are apt to be closed to the cyclist, and restrictions are also often made
on the use of the wheel in public parks. In most cases a number-
plate has to be attached to the bicyle, <nd the police have the right
to demand the exhibition of the cyclist's club-ticket or passport. All
HCXTELS. xix
regnlations of this kind are stringently enforced by the authorities.
The rule of the road is to keep to the right in meeting, and to pass
on the left in overtaking. Led horses mnst be met and parsed on
the side on which the man in charge is.
On tbe Prassian and Hessian State Railways nncrated bicycles are
carried as personal luggage when accompanied by the rider. The latter
has, however, to take a bicycle-ticket (^Fahrradkarte"; price 50 pf.) and has
himself to take his wheel to and from the baggage-car. If carriages are
changed en rovUy he is also responsible for transferring his wheel from
one train to the other. Many express-trains (esp. the so-called D-trains,
p. zy) do not carry unpacked bicycles. — In Baden and the Bavarian
ralathiate the bicycle is given in charge of the baggage-master like ord-
inary luggage. In Alsace and German Lorraine special compartments are
provided for cyclists, with apparatus for suspending their machines.
The Oerman steamers on tiie Rhine do not carry bicycles unless special
tickets have been taken at the agencies beforehand. Passengers have them-
selves to deposit their wheels in the steerage, where they are generally
left without anyone to look after them. The Dutch steamboat company
makes no charge for bioyoles> and moreover provides stands for them on
the main deck.
The best (hroling Haps of the Rhenish districts are those issued by
L. Ravensteim of Frankfort for Wiesbaden and neighbourhood (i Jf)^ the
BnTirons of Frankfort (3 Jf)y Starkenburg (Valley of the Rhine, Odenwald,
A Spessart ; 4 JOy Upper Hesse (4 J()y and the Bavarian Palatinate A
Rhenish Hesse (4 •#). — A series of cheaper maps (IVs *0 each) for Central
Europe is issued by Liehenovo and Raverutein of Leipsic. Those ayailable
for visitors to the Rhine are Nos. 84 (Cologne), 85 (Wetzlar), 96 (Priim),
99 (Frankfort), 112 (Treves), 113 (Mannheim), 127 (Strassburg), 140 (Colmar),
and 141 ^reiburg). — The Oerman volume of the Continental Road Book
of the Cyclists* Touring Club (price 5«.) will be found useful.
Vo duty is levied at the frontier on bicycles accompanied by their
ridws, but a charge of 8-10 Jf is made on crated machines, if they
look new.
Motob-Gabs entering Germany are liable to pay a cnstoms-duty
of 150 Jfi which is retnmed when the car qnits the country. In
popnlons districts and in darkness the speed-limit is 9 M. (15 kil.)
per hr, ; ' otherwise there is no limit, but driving to the public danger,
whatever the speed, is an offence. Lamps and brakes are imperative,
but for local regulations (which vary) motorists should apply to the
police. Passports and home-licences should be carried. Petrol is
everywhere obtainable. For maps and road-books, see above; Raven-
stein also publishes a road-book of Germany in two volumes.
IX. Hotels.
The flrst-class hotels in the prinolpal towns and watering-places
throughout Germany are generally good and somewhat expensive ;
but it frequently happens that in old-fashioned hotels of unassum-
ing exterior, particularly in places off the beaten track , the travel-
ler finds more real comfort and much lower charges.
The average charges in the flrst-class hotels are as follows : room
(including light and attendance) 3-5 Uff, plain breakfast 1-1 Va •^f
dinner 3-5 •#, pension (ie. board and lodging) 6-10 Jf. In some
of the most luxurious houses, and for extra accommodation, the
b*
Tx CLIMATE.
charges are considerably higher. When not otherwise indicated,
R. (room) in the Handbook is used to indude light (L.) and atten-
dance (A.).
When the traveller remains for a week or more at a hotel, it is
advisable to pay , or at least call for his account every two or three
days, in order that erroneous insertions may be detected. Verbal
reckonings are objectionable , except in some of the more remote
and primitive districts where bills are never written. A waiter*s
mental arithmetic is faulty , and the faults are seldom in favour
of the traveller. A favourite practice is to present the bill at the
last moment, when mistakes or wilful imposition cannot easily
be detected or rectified. Those who purpose starting early in the
morning will do well to ask for their bills on the previous evening.
X. Climate. Grape Cure.
The climate of W. Germany is influenced by the comparative
proximity of the North Sea, which renders the temperature remark-
ably mild. While the annual mean temperature in E. Germany is
only about 42-48® Fahr., in the valley of the Rhine it rises to over
61° (Cologne 60.2«, Coblenz 50.9^ Heidelberg 61.4°). Thus, owing
to the early springs and the long warm autumns, a tour in the
Rhenish provinces is still enjoyable at a season when the Alps and
the mountainous districts of Central Germany are beginning to feel
the frosts of the coming winter. This geniality of climate is also
very favourable to the ripening of the grapes ; and hence it is that
the ^ Grape Cure\ a very popular continental institution, long
established in Southern Tyrol and on the banks of the Lake of
Geneva, has been introduced into the Rhenish Provinces also.
Grapes when eaten in moderate quantity (1-2 lbs. daily) have
a soothing effect on the mucous membrane, and in conjunction
with a generous diet contribute materially to restore the strength
of convalescents. When eaten in greater quantities (3-8 lbs. daily),
the vegetable acid and salts produce an effect similar to that of
mineral waters containing Glauber's or common salt. The grapes
of the Rhenish Palatinate (*Gutedel' or * Junker', and *Oester-
reicher' or ^Sylvaner') are large, thin-skinned, and well-flavoured,
and hence this district is* the centre of the *Cure'. OleisiveiUr
(p. 292) is especially frequented on account of its favourable
situation and the proximity of the vineyards, in which visitors
may gather the grapes for themselves. The grapes of Durkheim
(p. 288), Edenkohen (p. 291), and Neustadt (p. 290) are also in great
request. Good dessert-grapes may, however, be procured almost
everywhere on the Rhine, and the grape-cure may be undergone
at Konigswinter^ Honnef, Boppard, St, Ooarshausen, ii««manm-
hausen, Wieehaden Badenweilery and numerous other summer-
resorts.
ZI. Wines of the Ehine and Moselle.
While the palm mast be yielded to France for her red wines,
no country in the world can compete with the Rhenish Provinces in
the vast variety and excellence of the white wines which they
produce. On the hanks of the Rhine from Mayence to Bonn, a dis-
tance of 90 M. , the cultivation of the vine may be seen in the
greatest possible perfection.
No error has been more prevalent than that the Rhenish and
MoseUe wines possess an injurious acidity. Liebig on the contrary
affirms, not only that the exquisite bouquet of the Rhine wines
is owing to the free acid which they contain, but that some of
their most salutary properties arise from the tartar present in them.
To this he attributes the immunity enjoyed by those who use the
German wines from the urio acid diathesis. Many others who have
investigated the subject entertain the same opinion. Another ad-
vantage possessed by Rhenish wines is the total absence of brandy,
an ingredient with which the wines of Spain, Portugal, and Sicily
are almost invariably fortified, to the utter destruction of their
flavour, and the injury of the health of the consumer. The diseases
which attack spirit-drinkers, chiefly disorders of the liver, are com-
jnonly met with amongst consumers of fortified wines, though such
maladies rarely follow even the intemperate use of pure wine^ That
the addition of alcohol to wine is unnecessary for its preservation is
proved by the fact that Rhine wines often retain their exceUenoe
for half-a-century, although they seldom contain more than eight
or nine per cent of alcohol. The very property of keeping is indeed
mainly attributable to the fact that the fermentation is more per-
fect in Rhenish wines than in those of Spain and Portugal, where
fermentation is checked by the addition of brandy. With the white
wines of France the same object is effected by sulphuration. By
these processes the richness and sweetness of new wine are artifice
ially and unwholesomely retained.
The traveller who finds the table-wine of the hotels unpala-
table, and whose eye wanders in bewilderment over the *Wein-
karte*, is recommended to select a bottle of still Hock or MoseUe
at 3-4 M per bottle, at which price the taste ought to be grati-
fied. The hoti(t-prices of the high-class stiU wines , as well as of
the sparkling wines, are often exorbitant.
The Bheingau, a district about 15 M. in length, produces the
finest wines of the Rhine. Here is situated ScMosa JoharmUber^^
a most favoured spot, yielding a wine almost without rival. As the
eeiebrated vineyards do not exceed 55 acres in area, little of this
rare product falls to the 'share of the ordinary public. Moreover the
first quality is only obtained in the finest seasons; the grapes
are selected with the utmost care from the ripest bunches , not
a drop of the precious juice being allowed to escape ; the yield.
xili WINE.
under the most fayouiable ciicoinstances, is therefore very limited.
The various qualities of this wine are sold in tiie o&sk at ^ohloss
Johannisberg by public auction. It is remarkable for raciness, de-
licacy of flavour, and bouquet, rather than for strength. The other
wines of the vicinity, distinguished by the name of JohannUberg^
Klaus, and those yielded by the vineyards of Count Schdnborn, are
also highly esteemed. There is also 'Johannisberger* produced from
the vineyards of the village of that name, but this is inferior to
many of the other products of the Rheingau. In this neighbour-
hood ueRHdesheim and Oeisenheim, both producing first-class wines.
Blngen is a favourable district for strong wines; the hill behind it
yields Scharlachberger (see below). Below Blngen, on the opposite
bank, is AaamannshatMcn, the red wine of which holds a high rank
and in good vintages vies with Burgundy of the best olass, being made
from the same species of grape ; but unfortunately, like the latter, it
is often impaired by travelling. The Marcohnmn vineyard, between
Hattenheim and Erbach, produces a white wine of exquisite flavour
and bouquet. The wines, however, which compete most successfully
with Johannisberger and trench closely upon its celebrity, are the
Steinberger, produced from the carefuUy-cultivated vineyards on the
hill at the back of Hattenheim, and the Bauenthaler Berg (p. 143),
the best vintages of which are unsurpassed in flavour and quality.
Hoehheim, situated on the Main, yields a wine of very superior
quality, and has given the name of 'Hook* to the produce of the
country generally.
The Valley of the Bhine below Blngen produces many pleasant
and wholesome wines, but inferior to the above. Those of Lore\
EnghoU, Steeg, Oberwesely and Boppard may be mentioned among
the white. The Rheinbleicherte (i.e. *bleich rote', or pale red) of
8teeg, Oberwesel, and Bacharcuih, and the light-red wines of 8al»ig,
Camp, Horchheim, the Kreuzberg (near Ehrenbreitstein), and Urbar
are also esteemed. Most of the wines grown below Goblenz are light-
red. Linz produces excellent Rheinbleicherte.
Bhenifh Bayaria yields a vast quantity of white wine, gener-
ally known as wine of the Haardt, or Palatinate. The best
qualities are those of Ruppertsberg , Deideshekn, md Forst, after
which rank tiiose of Ungsteln, Diirkheim, Wachenheim, and Konigs-
bach. Good red wines are grown at Oimmeldingen aifil Callatadt, The
inferior wines of this district usually have a coarse, earthy flavour.
Bhenish Heue produces the excellent Schatlaehbefger above
mentioned, next to which rank Niersteinef, Oppenheimer, Lau-
benheimer, and Bodenheinwt, all pleasant wines, but less delicate
than those of the Rheingau. LUbftauenmilek (*Lait de Notre Dame*)
is a good sound wine which owes much of its reputation to the su-
perior wines sold under that name, and to the quaintness of the
name itself. The vineyards where It is grown (p. 285) are incapable
of producing a tenth part of the wine usually so called. The flat
WINE. xxili
▼ineyards of IngeUitim between Mayenee and Bingen yield a godd
lightered wine.
The Kahe wines^ like tkoee of the Palatinate, possess eonsiderable
body, bat little flayonr. That of the Seharlaehberp near Bingen is
sometimeB classed as a Nahe wine, and is the best of this group.
The Valley of the Ahr is the most northern point at whioh the
grape is successfully cultivated. Its light and wholesome ^Ahr-
hleicherU* are chiefly consumed in the neighbourhood of their growth.
They are strengthening and astringent in their properties, and
resemble Burgundy of an inferior class. The best are those of
WalpQr*h€imy Ahrweiler, and Bodendorf,
The MoBeUe wines are chiefly grown amidst rugged and sterile-
looking slate rocks, and are distinguished by their delicate, aromatic
flayour, though the inferior varieties are apt to be rather acid in
bad years. They are considered remarkably wholesome, being fre-
quently recommended to persons of sedentary habits. The best are
BrauruhergeTj OhUgsbergefy and Bemca9ttler Doctor^ which possess
a delicious ^bouquet' ; and next to these may be placed the wines of
ZeUingen^ Oraaeh, Pisporty and Orunhaus.
The 8aar wines possess even less body than those of the Moselle,
but surpass them in aroma. Sehafishofberger is a most excellent
wine of ^is district.
Markgr&fler, the wine of the Duchy of Baden (Affenthal red,
Klkigeriberg white), the wines of Alsace^ the Keckar wines, and
those of the Bergstratse are almost entirely consumed in their re*
spectiye districts.
The difference which exists among the products of the various
vintages on the Rhine prdsenta a marked contrast to the tolerably
uniform quaUty maintained by the wines of Southern Europe. The
best wine-years of the nineteenth century in the Rhinegau were
1806, 1811, 1822, 1834, 1846, 1857, 1862, 1865, 1868, 1893, and
1895; and good average vintages occurred in 1801, 1802, 1804,
1807, 1816, 1818, 1819, 1825-27, 1831, 1886, 1848, 1855, 1858,
1869, 1861, 1884, 1886, 1889, 1892, 1897, and 1900. The vintage
of 1904 also was good. But even in these years the yield was by no
means uniformly excellent in all parts of the Rhlneland. The climatic
conditions are not the same in all the districts ; different years seem
to suit the different kinds of vine; and the vineyards in the most
favoured positions, where the grapes ripen soonest, often suffer the
most se-^erely from the early spring frosts. In a full 'autumn*, which
is hardly ever attained, a *morgen' (about % acre) of land, with
8600-4000 vines, should yield 5 *ohm' (about 150 gallons) of wine.
Xany of the inns on the Middle and Upper Rhine (especially in the
•mallear towna) have wine on draught, whioh, thongh not entered on th«
wine4ist, is fre^nently better than the cheaper wines in bottle.
fipaiUiiig Wines. The eflSsrvescing German wines were first
mannfaetored at E^slingen (in 1826), EeUbronn, Wuriburg, and
jtxW ItHENISH ART.
MageneHS) and aftoiwards at Trhjes^ CohlenSf and yarlons other
places; Hiese wines, generally known in England as Sparkling
Hock and MoseUe, are distinguished from the French wines hy the
predominance of the flayour of the grape , and when obtained in
unexceptionable quarters, are a light, pleasant, and wholesome
beverage.
The process is precisely the same as that employed in the preparation
of Champagne. The wine (which at the outset is an ordinary still wine,
worth Is. or U. 6d. per bottle) is bottled after the first fermentation is over;
and, by the addition of a small quantity of sugar and exposure to a mod-
erately warm temperature, a second fermentation and the generation of
carbonic acid are producea. The bottles are then placed on racks with
their corks downwards, where they remain a month or more, and are
opened several times to allow the escape of the sediment. At this stage of
the process as many as 20-25 per cent of the bottles usually burst, while
the contents of the survivors are much diminished. When the wme has
thus been thoroughly darifled, the bottles are flUed up, a small quantity
of syrup (coniac and sagar) is added to give the requisite sweetness and
body, and tne final corking then takes place. The sparkling wine thus
laboriously prepared for the market is worth more than double the original
still wine from which it is manufactured. The inferior qualities are gener-
ally the most effervescent.
The traveller is cautioned against dealing with any but the most
respectable wine-merchants, and should remember Ihat excellence
of quality is quite incompatible with lowness of price. As a pleasant
and wholesome summer-beverage the Rhenish wines of the second
and third class may be* imported at a moderate price, the duty
and carriage amounting to 4-*58. per dozen ; but the higher class of
Rhine- wine, of which Marcobrunner may be taken as a sample,
cannot be drunk in England under five or six shillings a bottle*
Xn. AhenishArt.
In the valley of the Rhine we find thai several different strata
of civilisation , if we may use the expression , had deposited them-
selves ere the rest of Germany had abandoned its primitive forest
life. The lowest of these strata, were a section of them exhibited
in geological fashion, would show an ante-Roman period, when the
natives carried on a busy trade, with the Mediterranean seaports and
with Etruria. After Caesar's campaigns a new stratum was gradually
formed by the occupation of the country by Roman military colo-
nists. This stratum was afterwards sadly contorted and broken by
the storms of the barbarian migrations , and was at length almost
entirely covered by that of the Frankish-Christian period, which
began in the 7th century.
On Rhenish soil antiquarians will find frequent opportunities
of tracing back the history of human culture to its earliest begin-
nings, while the Roman relics are so numerous and important as to
arrest the eye of even the superficial observer. The Peuiinger
Tabula , the medieval copy of a Roman map , now preserved at
Vienna, shows the principal towns on the Rhine and also on the
RHENISH ART. xxy
tribntarieB of its left side, together wltk the roads connecting them,
and even the baths and other public buildings with which they
were embellished. The Roman colonies on the Rhine, being chiefly
the headquarters of the different legions , always presented a mill'
tary character. Most of the existing monuments are accordingly
TOtive stones and tombstones of soldiers. The artistic forms are,
as a rule , somewhat primitive , while the subjects are frequently
borrowed from the Oriental worship of Mithras. We also find that
in some cases Gallic deities have been Romanised. The principal
collections of Roman antiquities are at Bonn, ColognCy Wiesbaden,
Carlsruhc, Mannhdm, Speyer, Mayenct, and Trhves. At Treves,
moreover , we obtain an admirable idea of the character of a very
important Roman provincial town.
Trhves, the capital of Germania Inferior, and for a considerable
time an imperial residence, did not merely possess buildings of
practical utility like most of the other colonies, but was also embel-
lished with some of the noblest decorative Roman structures ever
erected north of the Alps. On the banks of the Moselle also, outside
the town, rose along series of villas, many of which were richly de-
corated with mosaics. Before the decline of the Roman supremacy
Chbistianity established itself on the banks of the Rhine , but
no churches of the earliest Christian epoch are now extant. The
only relics of that period are the nucleus of the cathedral of Treves,
a number of tombstones at Treves , and several monumental in-
scriptions, such as that in the porch of St. Gereon at Cologne.
In consequence of the barbarian migrations, the Roman-Christian
culture was afterwards almost completely buried beneath a new
stratum of German paganism, and the vast valley of the Rhine
relapsed into its primitive rudeness, although at Cologne and Treves
the arts were not entirely extinct. The Austrasian princes, however,
were munificent patrons of the church, and the Bishops of Treves
and Cologne (^Nicetiua and Charentinua, about the middle of the 6th
cent, j distinguished themselves by their zeal for church-building.
The artistic efforts of the Merovingian period, of which a few
traces only are left , as in the Cathedral at Treves, appear to have
been very insignificant compared with those of Charlemagne's reign
(768-814). In the prosecution of his numerous undertakings the
great emperor was not merely stimulated by his zeal for the promo-
tion of art, but by his ardent desire to revive the ancient glory of
the Roman empire and to invest his capital with all the splendour of
the ancient imperial residences, and particularly that of Ravenna.
The Carlovingian art was entirely centred around the court of the
emperor, and he was personally attended by a circle of scholars
called his academy. Among the members of the academy was
Eginhard, who in consequence of his surname Bezaleel has been
•apposed to have been familiar with art, but of whose labours in
that sphere nothing certain is known. To him is attributed the
xxYl RHENISH ART.
l>nildiiig of tlie Palace Chapel at Aix-la-Chapelle (now the Cath"
edral')^ wMcli is still in comparatively good preservation. It is ob-
viously a copy of the court-chapel at Ravenna (San Vitale) , but
has been more judiciously and articulately designed, and has in its
turn served as a model for later edifices, for which either its ground-
plan (as at Ottmarsheim in Alsace), or its double row of columns in
the interior of the rotunda (as in the case of St. Maria im Capitol
at Cologne and the Minster at Easen^ has been borrowed.
The magnificence of the palaces which the great emperor pos-
sessed on the banks of the Rhine was a favourite theme with the
poets and prose-writers of the day. According to their accounts the
Palace at Ingelheim was not inferior in splendour to that of Aix-la-
Chapelle itself , but of that edifice there is now no trace beyond a
few fragments of walls and of columns which have been transferred
to other buildings. The same variety of capitals is also seen in the
Church of 8t. Justin at Hoehst am Main founded under Abp. Otgar
of Mayence (826-847). — During the later Oarlovingian period the
Rhineland again suffered severely from an irruption of barbarians.
At this period the Normans took possession of the banks of the
river and penetrated into its side-valleys ; but civilisation was now
too far advanced to be seriously retarded by this catastrophe.
Endowed with a rich art -heritage handed down by antiquity,
the Rhenish-Frankish tribes gradually overspread the country after
the middle of the 10th cent. , from which period down to the Re-
formation the development of Rhenish art is traceable without in-
terruption.
In the Eablt Middlb Aobs (10th-12th cent.) Rhenish art
differed materially from that of most other parts of Germany In
being the product of an already cultivated soil, where ancient
models were abundant , while in these other districts it was the
growth of a soil previously untilled. On the banks of the Rhine
were preserved fragments of Roman and early-Christian edifices ;
there the eye was familiar with architectural forms and mouldings;
in the Rhenish towns were always to be found artificers possessed
of considerable manual skill; and owing to the constant com-
munication kept up with foreign places skilled labour could always
be readily imported when necessary. Rhenish art was thus matured
considerably earlier than that of Lower Saxony and Swabia. At
the same time the features common to the whole of early mediaeval
art in the west recur in that of the Rhine also. The forms of
worship having been well defined in the early-Christian period,
the churches all present a certain uniformity of appearance. Like
the early-Christian basilicas, the Rhenish churches of the 10th-
12th cent, are of an elongated form; they possess aisles which are
lower and narrower than the nave; the altar is placed at the round-
ed extremity of the nave ; and on the whole the basilica type ii
preserved throughout.
RHENISH ART. xxvil
The Rhenish edifices ako possess the charaeteristics of the
Bonuuieftque Style, which are common to the great majority of
works of the 10th*-12th centuries. In this style the pillars and
columns are connected hy means of roand arches, the doors and
windows also terminate in round arches , and the naves and aisles
are either covered with flat roofs or with groined vaulting of round-
ed form. The Ouhieal Capital , which was prohably Invented by
mediasval architects for the purpose of forming a harmonious con-
necting link between the column and the arch above , is also used
in the Rhineland , and the copings and mouldings of the Rhenish
buildings are the same as those employed in the contemporaneous
edifices of Western Europe. The Rhenish architecture, however, oc-
cupies an independent position of its own within the Romanesque
group. The character of the building-material (red sandstone or
tufa] , local traditions , and the prevalent taste of the period all
combine to impart to the Rhenish buildings a distinctive character
which seldom or never recurs in other countries. At an early period
the use of altematie courses of different colours came into vogue.
Thus we find arches faced with stone alternating with light-coloured
brick , the latter material having been taken from Roman ruins ;
and when the architects had exhausted their supply of bricks , the
art of making which was unknown in (Germany in the early middle
ages , they produced the same effect by the use of dark and light
coloured stones. The copings on pillars and walls were generally
copied from Roman models , and the ancient Corintkian CapitaUy
formed of a wreath of leaves, were imitated with varying success
(as, indeed, had also been the case in the Carlo vingian epoch).
The long-established practice of art, and the wealth which the
Rhenish towns succeeded in amassing at an early period, enabled
them gradually to extend the dimensions of their churches , to
develop the construction of vaulting earlier than elsewhere , and
to impart to their buildings a picturesque tichness of effect. —
The same conditions were likewise favourable to the development
of the Goldsmith's Abt, and that of Enamel Painting. The
Rhinelanders also attained considerable proficiency in Mvbal
Painting at an early period , but for the plastic art they displayed
less aptitude.
As early as the 11th cent, the practice of art and of artistic
handicrafts seems to have become naturalised in theRhenish towns
and in those of Lorraine. In all the larger towns extensive building
operations were undertaken , and at the same time a number of
handsome abbey-churches sprang up. At iSirasa&ur^ a cathedral was
erected by BUhop "Werner; at Cologne the archbishops Herihert and
Anno exhibited much zeal for church-building ; and at Treves the
cathedral was extended by Poppo. The grandest monuments of
German medieval art, however, are the three Cbnteal Rhbnish
Cathbdbals of Mayenetf Speyer, and Worms ^ examples of the
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RHENISH ART. xxlx
simple lines. Their windows are either round or fan-shaped , and
they are disposed in groups or enclosed within a pointed arch. The
portals consist of archways resting on several columns ; the space
above the doors is filled with sculpture ; and the facade is enlivened
with narrow pillars and entwined arches. Buildings of this char-
acter, which are typical of the Rhineland, and occur in almost every
town of any importance, are usually described as belonging to the
Tbansitional Style, as if the forms recurring in them were iden-
tical with those which pave the way for the Gothic. The term,
however, is entirely misapplied, as it is impossible in the rich and
handsome Rhenish churches of the 12th and beginning of the 13th
cent, to discover the slightest germ of the Gothic style. The style
may, however, be appropriately characterised as the final and most
ornate manifestation of Romanesque architecture, a definition which
is borne out by the general tendencies of Rhenish art. As an auxil-
iary of this style we may now mention the art of Mitbal Painting,
which was developed at an unusually early period. Most of these
paintings were unfortunately covered with whitewash at a later pe-
riod, but those still existing (at 8ehwarz-Rheindorf,o^^osiie Bonn,
the paintings of which resemble a symbolic poem , at Brauweiler
near Cologne, in 8t. Maria im Capitol at Cologne, etc.) exhibit a
rich and thoughtful style ^f composition, and show that the painters
were skilled in drawing and even in the delineation of complicated
action. "We cannot with any certainty judge of the colouring, but
we at least possess sufScient materials to warrant the inference that
the art of wall-painting was industriously practised on the banks of
the Rhine as early as the second half of the 12th century.
This prevalent branch of the Romanesque style, with its highly
developed ornamentation, was not hastily abandoned by the Rhenish
masters, and it was not till about the year 1250 that the Gothic
Style, introduced horn France, wis completely nationalised in this
part of Germany. The precise manner in which the Gothic archi-
tecture, with its spirited flying buttresses, lofty vaulting, and other
members relieving the monotony of the walls , was introduced into
the valley of the Rhine is unknown ; but it was probably adopted
simultaneously at several different points. At Cologne we observe
in the church of 8t. Oereon an attempt to apply the new precepts to
the old forms, and in the church of the Minoritet we have a some-
what plain example of Gothic dating from the middle of the 13th
century. In tlxeLiebfrauen-Kirehe at Trhjet the Gothic forms wexe
successfully adapted at an early period to an unusual ground-plan.
The Cistercian Church at Marienstatt in Nassau is a fine example of
the early-Gothic style, destitute as yet of all ornamentation, and to
the same style belong the church of Bufach in Alsace and the west-
ern parts of 8t, Thomas at Strasshurg. In the second half of the
•13th cent, began the construction of the great GothioOathbdiiai.b.
Those of Cologne and Mtt% were designed entirely in the Gothic
ixx RHENISH ART»
style, while at Straaaburg and Frtibitrg the earlier Romanesque be-
glnninga weie adapted to the new Gothic work. Goethe has con-
tributed much to immortalise the name of Erwin ofSteihbaehf who
is usually described as the originator of Strassburg Minster, but that
master's actual share of the work seems to have been limited to the
W. fa^de. The masters of the Strassburg as well as of the
Cologne cathedral must have been thoroughly conversant with the
details of French Gothic, but they were very far from being mere
mechanical copyists. The fa^de at Cologne and the tower at
Strassburg are entirely emanations of German imagination. In
order, howeyer, to convince himself of the Independence of the
German masters of the Gothic style the traveller must not confine
his attention to the great cathedrals. Among the Smallbb Gothic
Chxtbohbs he will discover frequent proofs of originality and not
a few gems of architecture. Among these smaller churches we
may mention the grave and dignified Abbey Church of Altenbergf
near Cologne, and the Collegiate Chureh of Xanten , erected under
the influence of Cologne masters ; the superb Chureh of St. Cath'
arine at Oppenheim and the ponderous Cathedral of Frankfort on the
Central Rhine; and lastly, in Alsace, the Church of St. Oeorge at
Schlettatadt^ the Church of SS. Peter arul Paul at Weissenburg, the
chureh of Nieder-Haalach ^ and that of Thar^n, with its graceful
tower. The numerous churches of the Mendicant and Dominican
orders, some of which have nave and aisles of equal height, are gen-
erally too plain and monotonous to arouse much general interest.
The highest efforts of the Gothic architects in this part of Ger-
many were devoted to the building of churches , but the Rhenish
districts also contain Ssoulab Edihobs , including castles, town-
halls, guild-houses, and private mansions , which present Gothic
forms or at least Gothic characteristics.
The eye, however, is less frequently struck by buildings of this
class than by the churches, partly because well-preserved examples
are now comparatively rare, and partly because in secular archi-
tecture generally there is usually less room for marked changes of
style. Throughout the whole of the middle ages the dwelling-houses,
for example, were constructed of timber, and the character of their
ornamentation was rather determined by the nature of the material
than by the fashion of the day. Even in the case of the stone
houses the projecting upper stories frequently recall the style of
their wooden predecessors. The architectural character of the
palaces, chlteaux, and castles, on the other hand , was necessarily
determined by military considerations. As the requirements of both
defensive and offensive operations were almost equally important
during the 11th cent, and again during the 13th, the ch&teaux and
castles retained the same forms for several centuries. Of Barba-
rossa^s residence at Oelnhauien^ an imperial palace of the Roman-
esque period, there still exist considerable ruins. The palace of the
RHENISH ART. xixi
gaHM emperor at Hagtnau (1157) was entirely destroyed daring
the TMrty Years' War. Among tke medisYid Gastlbs those of
Alsace are very numerous and Important. The most eonsiderable
are the three Castles of BappoUsweilery that of Hoh-Barr near Za-
hern C^^*^^)! *^® Boh-Konigsburgy the Wasmburgj near Nieder-
bronU) and the LichUhberg near Neuweiler, the last three belonging
to the Gothic period. Most of the hills on the hanks of the Rhine
and its toibutarles are also crowned with the ruins of mediftyal
castles, or others rebuilt in their original style. In most cases the
pinnacled Bergfrkd, or keep, which was used both for purposes of
attack and defence, is still standing; remains of the PcUaSf or
dwelling-house, are idso frequently preserred; and in many cases
the outworks, gateways, and towers by which the approach to the
castle was protected are still traceable. These ruins, howeyer, which
impart so picturesque a charm to the scenery of the Rhine, rarely
possess much artistic yalue. The moat interesting of the Rhenish
castlos is that of Beicheriberg, near St» Goarshausen, with its three
stories borne by columns.
The Gothic aichiteoture is also notable for the richness of its
Plastic Ohnambntation. The portals and the varioos niches
and canopies are generally filled with statues, and the gables and
etlu»r parts of the building adorned with reliefs. The finest speci-
mens of Gothic statuary are to be seen on the Portals af the Lieb'
frauen^Kireht at Trhves and the Cathedrals of Strassburg and Frei'
burg^* The $tatites of the Apostles in the choir of the Cologne Cath'
edral also afford eyidonce that the Oothic sculpture was sometimes
richly coloured. The same cathedral also contains the Monument
of Archbishop Conrad von Eoehatadiinf the finest specimen of bronze
statuary of the Gothic period. The numerous tombstones of that
poriod must also be examined by the student of the progress of
Go^ic sculpture, such as those of ArMishop Siegfried^ Peter Aspelt,
and Johann von Nassm^f in the Cathedral of Mayence^ and those of
OOnther von Schv)ar%burg and Johann von Holzhausen and his Wife
in the Cathedral of Frankfort. The best examples of late-Gothic
sculpture, which afterwards degenerated into a mere handicraft, are
to be found in the altars of caryed wood.
Throughout the middle ages, howeyer, Rhenish artists eyinc-
ed more aptitude for the art of Painting than for that of sculpture.
The stained glass at Strassburg, Cologne^ tmd Oppenheim, and the
remains of 14th cent, mural paintings at Cologne are not less yal-
uable than the easel-pictures of the 15th cent, which are still pre-
seryed.
The CoziOONB Sohool of Painting was the first of those which
attained to any celebrity on German soil. The earliest master of
the school known to us by name is Meister WiUielmy who flourished
at the end of the 14th cent., and from whose brush we possess
Ojae authentlo work in the faded mural paintings of the Hansa-Saa}
xxxll RHENISH ART.
in the Rathaus of Cologne (now preserved in the Wallraf-Richartz
Museam). A number of easel-pieces are attributed to Mm with
little or no foundation. There is, howeyer, better authority for
attributing to Meister Stephan Lochner the execution of the JDom-
bild, the finest German painting of the 15th century. This master,
who was a native of the district of Constance, and died in 1451,
has been successful in substituting figures of considerable spirit
and life for the traditional types of his predecessors , with their
emaciated arms , their undeveloped busts , and their childish ex-
pression of countenance, but he has failed to take the next step to-
wards fidelity to nature by omitting to individualise his characters.
His female figures are all exactly alike, and his male figures, though
divided into young and old, are also destitute of distinctive charac-
ter. In his treatment of the drapery, weapons, gold trinkets, and
aU other external accessories, however, Meister Stephan cannot be
reproached with the fault of monotony; in executing these details
he is scrupulously faithful to nature , and his task was doubtless
facilitated by his occasional use of the newly-invented art of oil-
painting. The Dombild, the Madonna with the VioleU (preserved
in the Archleplscopal Museum), and the Madonna in the Arbour of
Rosea (in the Museum) are the most important works of this school,
the career of which somewhat resembled that of the early-Flemish
school under the leadership of Hubert van Eyck. The Rhenish mas-
ters, however, were soon surpassed by their Flemish contemporaries,
and ere long entirely lost their independence. About the end of
the 15th cent, the art of painting in the Rhineland was at length
thoroughly pervaded with Flemish Influence. The new style, how-
ever, was least successfully imitated on the Lower Rhine, and
particularly at Cologne. A number of pictures of the end of the 15th
and beginning of the 16th cent., mostly found In churches of Co-
logne, have been collected by the brothers Boisser^e, Hr. Wallraf,
and others. The drawing Is stiff, the colouring gaudy, and the ex-
pression harsh. These works are generally classed in accordance
with their subjects ; and we thus frequently hear of the ^Master of
the Lyversberg Passion', the ^Master of the St. Bartholomew', and
other equally vague designations. The historian of art will find
abundant opportunity of studying this school In the Wallraf-Richartz
Museum of Cologne. One of the best masters of the Lower Rhine
was Jan Joest of Calcar, who painted the high-altar-piece in the
principal church there about 1505. Portrait -painting was also
practised with some success at this period by Barthel de Bruyn,
Johann von Mehlem, and others.
The Uppbb Rhenish and Albmannian School of Painting
had a more prosperous career than the Lower Rhenish. The masters
of this school also succumbed to Flemish influence, but they suc-
ceeded in making a better use of what they had learned in the
Netherlands. At the head of the school was Martin Schongauer of
RHENISH ART. xxxiil
Colmar (d. 1488), a pupil of Rogier van der Weyden, and more
famous as an engiaver than as a painter. The engrayer*s art , in-
deed, fostered by the advance of scientific pursuits, was more
rapidly and successfully developed than that of painting. The
Younger Holbein f Mathias OrUnewald, ahA Hans Baldung Qrien
were also members of this school, but as their training was not
strictly Rhenish they are only mentioned here in passing. Holbein's
famous ^Madonna of Burgomaster Meyer' is preserved at the Palace
of Darmstadt.
When, at a somewhat later period, the tide of the Renaissance
overflowed theRhineland, it met with little or no resistance. After
a brief conflict with the Gothic architecture, which gave rise to the
erection of a number of curious buildings in a mixed style, the
Renaissance, introduced &om France and Flanders, and possessing
little in common with the genuine Italian Renaissance, became
naturalised on the banks of the Rhine about the middle of the 16th
eentnry. This new style of art, however, never throve satisfactorily
on Rhenish soil, partly because the Rhineland had ceased to be a
great centre of civilisation as it had been in the middle ages, part-
ly because the sway of ecclesiastical princes is less favourable to the
steady progress of art than that of hereditary sovereigns, and also
because this unfortunate region was the theatre of numerous wars
which of course paralysed all artistic effort. Although Renaissance
art never took the form of a permanent and organic system, it has
bequeathed to the Rhineland several works of great importance.
Foremost among these is the Castle of Heidelberg, the most sumptu-
ous example of German Renaissance, next to which we may men-
tion the Porch of the Rathaus of Cologne, the fragment of the
BathauB of JuUehy and the Sehloss ofAsehctffenburg, On the Upper
Rhine, in the Palatinate, and in Baden we encounter a number of
handsome ch&teaux and pleasing houses in the Renaissance style of
the 16th oentury.
' The history of the Plastic Abt of the Renaissance period is
traceable in the numerous tombstones of the 16th and 17th cen-
turies, which are to be found not only in the large churches of the
principal towns, but also in smaller and more remote places, such
as Simmem, Boppard, and St. Amual near Saarbrucken.
The dependence of the Rhineland on the Netherlands, which is
often noticeable in the province of architecture, is still more ob-
vious in the Paintino of this period. Numerous Netherlands
masters migrated to the German courts, and the Germans theuL-
selves imitated these foreign masters, even when they drew their
inspirations from the Italians. In the second half of the 16th cent,
the German masters fell under the influence of the Dutch school,
and when French taste came to be in vogue they again yielded their
homage to the fashion of the day. Many of these painters , even
down to the 18th cent, such as Root, Juneker^ and 8eekat%, possessed
BAJtoBKBE's Rhine. i6th Edit. C
xxxlY RHENISH ART.
eonsidemble Batortd ability and mairaal skill, but at tbe present day
their works are well-nigh consigned to obli^on.
The most imposing of the Rhenish edifices of the 18th century
are the palaces in the Baboqto and Rooooo Sttlbs, erected by the
varions petty Rhenish princes, temporal and spiritaal, in imitation
of the palace of Versailles, such as those of CarlsruhCy Mannhehn,
Bruehsdl, BrufUy and Bonn,
At the dose of the century the Rhenish principalities were
swept away by the French Revolution, and with them were extin-
guished the last signs of the vitality of art. After the restoration
of peace, howeyer, a reyiyal began to take place. The Boisser^e collec-
tion (p. xxxii) was the means of bringing early-Rhenish art into very
favourable notice and of inspiring the public with confidence in the
capabilities of Rhenish artists. The ^Romanticists* were desirous
that Cologne should be made the new centre of art and science, but
in 1818 the university was founded at Bonn, and in 1819 the
academy at Dt}S8BLi>0BF was re-established. The painter ComeUtUf
who was appointed director of the academy, and who usually spent
the winter only at Dfisseldorf (and the summer at Munich), exer-
cised no great influence on the progress of Rhenish art. He was
succeeded by WiUidm Sehadow (1827), under whose able guidance
the Dilsseldorf School was brought into the right track and secured
the favour of the public. The chief subjects of the painters of this
period are scenes from private life, melancholy, sentimental, and
humorous, or poetical themes readily intelligible to the middle
classes of society, and their style is generally pleasing. Some of
the masters of tbis school, and particularly C. F, Lessing, have also
chosen themes of the deepest national interest. Sixty years have
elapsed since the Dusseldorf School first attained celebrity, and the
public taste has undergone material changes since that period, but
the industrious colony of painters on the banks of the Dfissel still
deservedly enjoys a high reputation. Lastly we may mention the
school of art connected with the Stadel Qallery at Fbamkfo&t, the
academy of Gablsbvhb, forming a kind of offshoot of the Dussel-
dorf School, and (quite recently) Dabmstadt, at all of which modern
German painting is taught and practised with considerable success.
1. From Brussels to Cologne.
141 M. By Express in 5-6V2 brs. (fares 26 fr. 25, 19 fr. 26 c). Sm&U
articles of luggage are examined at Herbesthal, registered luggage on ar-
rival at Cologne. Finest views between Louvain and Li^ge to the right.
District between Li^ge and Aix-la-Chapelle replete with interest.
The DcssBLPOiur Bailwat diverges from the line described below at
Vervlers (p. ?), and runs vi& Bleyherg (custom-house) and Aix-la-Chapelle
(Templerbend Station). From Aix-la>(3hapelle to Dtisseldorf, see R. 5.
Tbrough-carriages at Bmssels for Dasaeldorf (Berlin, Hamburg, etc.).
Bnumelflt. — Hotels, in the upper part of the town: Brllxvub, Db
Fz.Ajn>u, Dft l'Eubopi, at these B. from 5, D. 5-6, pens. 13Vr-15 tt.%
jttBNosLLx, Bue Boyale 103, Db Fbangb, Bue Boyale 42, Bbitanniqub. Place
da Trone 8^ at these B. from 5, D. 5, pens. 11-14 fr. In the lower part
of the town : MfixBOPOLB, Place de Brouckfere, Gkand-H6tel, Boulevard
Antpach, Hdrsi. db L'UxnYBBs bt db SuBob, Rue Keuy& 48 and Boul. du
Kord 9, at these three, B. from 4, D. 5, pens, from 12Vs.fr. ; Db l^Empebbub,
Bue Neuve 93; Gbntbal, Place de la Bourse, pens, from 10 fr.; De la
Poa^B, Bue Foas^-aux-Loups, D. 4 fr. ; Gband Monaequb, Bue des Fripiers,
pens. 10-13 fr. ; Db Bobdbaux, Bue du Midi 135, less pretending.
Engliah Ohnreh Service at the Church ^of, the Iteturreeti<mt Bjie 3t«s-
sart 18, «nd at Christ Church, Bue Crespel, Avei&u^i fte ip'Toison-d'Or —
ScoaUh ffeibyterian Church, Bue Bodenbro€ck'2fi.\* " * • - ^
BrusseUy the capital of Belgium aad residence of tbe king, con-
tains, including tbe suburbs, about'674,000-inbi> , -of VKoni -«b(5ut
!2000 are British. Like Paris it possessefr its patks,^ boiQef ardS, caf6-
conceits, and other attractions ; but this Paris in miniature should
be seen before the great French metropolis by those who would avoid
disappointment.
The passing visitor is reoommended to take the following walk,
whioh will occupy half-a-day. Adjacent to the Rue Neuve, which
leads from the station into the city , rises the Martyrs' Monument^
designed by Geefs, and erected in 1838 to the memory of those who
feU in the war with Holland in 1830.
Then past the Thidtre Royal and the Bowse to the "^Hdtel de
Ville, The E. half of the magnificent facade of the latter was begun
in 1401, the W. in 1443 ; statues of Dukes of Brabant, erected in
1853, replace those mutilated by the sansculottes in 1792. On the
W. side of the Place de I'Hdtel de Yille are various *Ouild Bouses,
erected at the beginning of the 18th century. At the back of the
Hdtel de Yille, at the corner of the Rue du ChSne and the Rue de
r£tuve, is the curious Mannikin fountain. The Oalerie St Hubert, an
arcade near the H6tel de YUle, is a handsome structure, 702 ft. long,
containing some of the most tempting shops in the city. The Place
Boyale is adorned with the equestrian *8taiue of Godfrey de Bouillon,
' t For a fuller description of Belgian towns, see Baedeker's Belgium
and Holland, 14th Ed., 1905.
Babdbkbb's Bhine. 16th Edit. 1
2 Route 1. LOUVAIN. From Brussels
in bronze, execated by Simonis in 1848. The adjoining *Park is tbe
favourite promenade of the citizens. On the S. side rises the Royal
Palace, on the N. side the Palais de la Nation.
A little to the W. of the former are the *Royal Museums^ with
their fine collec^ons of ancient and modern paintings and modern
sculpture. — Not far from the Palais de la Nation, beyond the Rue
Royale, Is the ^Cathedral (Ste, Qudule et St. Michel), the finest church
in Brussels, with two truncated Gothic towers. It was erected in the
13- 14th cent., but the choir and the unfinished W. towers are of
the 15th, the large chapel of the Sacrament of the 16th cent., and
the whole was restored in 1848-56. — The *Palais de Justice^ in
the Place Polaert, erected in 1866-83 after plans by Polaert, at an
expense of 2,000,000^, is one of the most imposing buildings of
modern times. — The MtisSe Wierta. with most of the works of
that talented but eccentric painter (^d. 1865), lies about ^J^ M. to the
S.E. of the Park.
At (2 M.) Sckaerheeky the first railway-station, the Malines line
diverges to the left. Then several small stations.
18 M. Louvain, Flem. Leuven or Loven (Hdtels de Suide, Bri*
tannique); pop. 42,000. The traveller who stops here shoald not
fail to- visit the ♦♦JI5lc/.(fe VilUj a magnificent edifice in the later
Gothic style, ero.ote^'iu 1447^63, and the Gothic *Church of8t, Peter^
datipg from the 15th century.. The choir-stall^ (16th cent.) in the
'i^kufnh df/^tl Q^Hfude aUo merit inspection.
' i^^l{lA.T\xlwiot^iOi<n»erun (Nouveau Monde; Hdtel Pon-
iaerti)j occupies an extensive area, nearly 6 M. in circumference,
but is thinly peopled (17,800 inhab.). The Church of 8t. Germain
probably dates from the 12th century.
The train next traverses a lofty embankment, affording an ex-
tensive view. In clear weather the Lion and the Prussian menu*
ment at Waterloo may be distinguished in the distance to the right.
Between (33 M.) Esemael and Landen the line intersects the plain
of Neerwinden^ the scene of two great battles. In the first the Allies
under William III. of England were defeated in the Spanish War
of Succession by the French under Marshal Luxembourg, 29th July,
1693; in the second the French under Dumourisz were defeated by
the Austrians under the Duke of Goburg, 18th March, 1793. — 38 M.
Landen (Hdtel de la Hesbaye) was the birthplace of Pepin of Landen,
ancestor of Pepin the Little and Charlemagne, and ^major-demo' of
Clothalre II. He died here in 640, and was interred on the hill
which bears his name.
47 M. Waremme, The undulating, agricultural district of Bra*
bant, with its phlegmatic Germanic inhabitants, is quitted near
(58 M.) Ans (490 ft. higher than Lidge) for a mining tract with a
Walloon population, remarkable for their activity and vivacity.
As the train descends the rapid (1 : 30) incline to Lidge , a fine
view of the city and the valley of the Mouse is obtained.
to Cologne. VERVIBR6. 1. Route. 8
62 M. Li^gd, Flem. Luik, Ger. Lidtich {Hdtd de Suhde; H6tel
d^AngUierre; Hdtd de VExtropey etc.), is an important industrial
iovn with 169,000 inhabitants. A short stay here should be devoted
to the PalaU de Justice, the Church of St. Jaaques, the Cathedral
(8t, Paul), and, for the sake of the view, the Citadel.
Beyond Lidge the Mouse is crossed by the handsome Pont du
Vol BinoU. Numerous lofty chimneys afford Indication of the pros-
perity of the district. The extensive zino-foundry of the Vieille-
Montagne company is next passed, and ^e Ourthe crossed. 64 M.
ChtnSe^ the first station beyond Li^ge, is another manufacturing town.
66 M. Chaudfontaiue (*0rand-H6tel des Bains; Hot. d* Angle-
terre) is a small, but picturesquely-situated watering-place, with a
thermal spring (104® Fahr.), rising on an island in the Vesdre, .
Beyond the next tunnel, the picturesque castle of La Rochette
is seen on an eminence to the left. Near Le Trooz the ancient castle
of that name, now a manufactory of gun-barrels, is perched on the
rooks to the right. Farther on, to the right, is the castle of Fraipont.
Between (71 1/2 M.) Nessonvaux and (741/2 M.) Pepinster, to the
right, stands the Chateau des Masures (masure ss ruined house),
Bftid to occupy ^e site of a hunting-seat of King PeplB. At Pep-
instet (Tepin*s terre*) a branch -line diverges for Spa, the well
known wat^ringrplace, 71/2 M. distant. — 75*/2 M. Ensival.
771/2 M. Verviere (Hdtels du Chemin de Fer and d'Allemagne,
both at the station; H6t. Dethioux), with 49,200 inhab., the junc-
tion for Bleyberg (see p. 1), is a busy commercial town. Here and
in the environs upwards of 400,000 pieces of cloth are manufactured
annually.
On an eminence near (821/2 M.) Dolhain^ a modern town, pictur-
esquely situated in the valley of the Yesdre, stands the ancient for-
tress of Limburgj almost the sole remnant of the capital of the duchy
of that name, destroyed by Louis XIV. in 1675. Pedestrians will
be repaid by a walk (about 25 M.) from Dolhain via Verviers to Li^ge.
86I/2M. Herbesthal f'*i?ai7. Bcatatif an e; Bellevue; Herrcnj, the
first Prussian village, is the frontier-station (branch-line to Eupen
and Raeren, p. 13). The custom-house formalities cause a deten-
tion of about 1/2 hr. here. Beyond (891/2 M.) Astenet^ Lontzen and
the castle of Welkenhausen lie to the left. The train crosses the
valley of the Ookl by a handsome viaduct, 125 ft. in height. To
the left lie (91 M.) Hergenrathj and, in the distance beyond, the
Emmahurg, situated on the slope of wooded hills (p. 13).
The train next passes through two tunnels (191 yds. and 833 yds.
respectively), and finally descends to the Rhenish Station at —
97 M. AiZ-la-Chapelle. — Bailway stations. 1. Rhenish Station (PI.
D, 5), ioT Cologne, Herbesthal, Verviers, Liege^ and M&lmedy . — 2. Maraehier-
Tor 3t€ttion(Pl. C, 5, 6), for Gladbach, Diisseldorf, Maastricht, and Antwerp.
— S. Tefftplerbend Station (PI. A, 2), for the same lines as No. 2 «nd also
for Welkcnraedt, Verviers, and Li6ge. — 4. KOln-Tor Station of the Aix-la-
Ohapelle and JiUich railway (PI. F, 1).
1*
4 Route 1. AIX-LA-CHAPELLE. From BruaseU
i iignt, oot-air neating, etc — J»ine muuu4 or (m jotom "uravd
(PI. a J C, 3), Btichel 51, B. 2YrlO, B. IV4, D. (7 p.m.) 4, pens.
♦H6tel Kcbllsms (PI. b ; C, 3, 4). Friedrich-Wilhelm-Plats 6,
e Blisenbrnnnen, with garden ana the ddpendances Eaiserbad,
Hotels. All the first-class hotels and the better secood-daM hotels have
lifts, electri light, hot-air heating, etc ^ In the Middle of the Town ^Obamo
MONABQDK (PI. aj C. **" " -'^-« '^' « "»' '^ « -" *^ " . .
from 6 Jf; T'
opposite the ] _ ,
Neubad, and Quirinusbad (see below). R. from 2, B. 1V« and 70 pf., D. at
1.80 and 1 p.m. 4 and 2, at 7 p.m. lys, pens, from 41/3 Jf ; *Hbnrion'0
Gband-HStkl, Gomphausbad-Str. 18, adjoining the Comeliusbad (see below),
R. 3-7, B. IV4, D. at 1.80 p.m. 8V«, »t 7 p.m. 4. pens. Ii/ri2 Jf; •H6tel d«
l'Bmpekeub (PI. d^ C, 3), Edel-Str. 6, R. from 8i/«, B. I'A, D. 3, pens, from
7 Jf; •MoNOPOL (formerly Bettetme; PI. c, C 3), Holzgraben 11, R. 2-5, B. 1,
D. 2V«i pens, from 6 Jt; Dbagon d'Ob (PI. g; C, D, 3), Comphausbad-
Str. 7-9? DoM HdTEL (formerly Elephant; PI. h, C, 3), Ursuliner-Str. 11,
opposite the Blisen-Chirten \ KoMio vom Spanibn (PI. i ; C, 4), Kleinmarschier-
Str. 52, commercial, R. & B. 2^^ 80-3 Ji 50 pf., D. incl. wine 2V8, pens. 8 Jf^
well spoken of; Eablshaob (PI. k; G,4), see p. 6; Wilhelmbhof, Friedrich-
Wilhelm-Platz 8, R. from 2, B. 1, D. IVrS, pens, from 5 Jf; Sohxufbv,
Hartmann-Str. 17, near the Elisenbrunnen, these three all hotels - restau-
rants. — Near the RhenUh Station: **Unioh Hotel (PI. 1; D, 5), Bahnhof-
Platz 1, R. from 2>/t, B. 1, D. 3 UlT; •H6tel do Nobo, Rdmer-Str. 8, R. 2-4,
B. 1, D. 2Vj, pens. 6-9 Jf; Hotbl-Restaceant Eaisebhop, Hoch-8tr. 2 and
Wall-Str. 65 (PI. D, 4), R. 2'/«-4, B. 1, pens. 6-10 Jf, Plainer: H6tkl
DGbeh, Bahnhof-PlaU 4, R. 172-21/2, B. V*, D- from IV4, pens, from ijf^
well spoken of; Deobnb, Wall-8tr. 1-8. — Near the Templerbend Station:
Eloubebt, Templergraben 64-66, with restaurant.
Bath Bitablithmenta (also hotels, and open throughout the whole
year). In connection with the 'Upper Springs' (p. 10) : Kaiserbad (PI. 36 \
C, 3), Biichel 26-30, well fitted up, Neubad (PI. 38 ; C, 3), Biichel 34, Quirinus-
bad (PI. 89 i C, 3), Hof 7, cheaper; these three belong to the Hot. Nuellens
(see above). KOnigin von Ungam (PI. 87; C, 3), £del-8tr. 1, belonging to
the H6t. de TEmpereur, penf. from 7 Jf, The following are supplied by
the 'Lower Springs': Rosenbad (PI. 40; C, 3), Comeliusbad (PI. 35; C, 3),
these two connected with Henrion^s 6rand-H6tel (see above) ; Comphatitbaa
(PI. 34 ; C, 8), all three near the Eurhaus. Bath-houses at BvrteeJieid^ see
p. 12. — Cold and Warm Baths at the Swimming Bath* (well fitted up),
Adalbert-Steinweg 10, with restaurant.
Beatauranta. Wine. *Kurhaus ip. 10), D. 2^/2 Jf; * Elisenbrunnen (p. 10);
Monopoly see above ; Seheufen^ Theater-Platz 5; KSnig von Spanien^ see above;
Karl^oMy see above; *Eulentpiegel^ Eramer-Str. 2, a quaint little establish-
ment; PtUe, Edel-Str. 12; Frideriehs^ Elisabeth-Str. 6; Erholung^ Friedrich-
Wilhelm-Platz 7, with richly - decorated rooms. — Otstebs. Lennertz^
Elostereasse 15 (PI. B, 3). — Bbee. * Alt-Bay em^ Wirichsbongard-Str. 43
(PI. D, 4), D. 1-11/2.4^; "Elisenbrunnen^ KarlshauSy see above; Zum Auguetiner,
Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz 3, with large garden (concerts); *Ahn, Theater-
Platz 4; Automat^ Kapuzinergraben 10; ^Qermania^ Friedrich-Wilhelm-
Platz 8 and Wirichsbongard-Str. 6; Vier JahreszeUen (also hotel), Eapuziner-
graben 16, opposite the theatre; Kaiterhof (see above), with a handsome
concert-room (EaiserSaal).
Caf6i. At the Kurhaus (see p. 10); at the Elisenbrunnen (p. 10); Wilhelms-
hofy see above; Kaiter^Cafi^ on the groundfloor of the Hdtel Nuellens
(see above); at the Lousberg (see p. 12). — Confeotioneks. Wahl^ Theater-
Platz 7; Reul^ Hartmann-Str. 12-14; Oellers^ Dalunengraben 7.
Oaba. From 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. (at night double fares) : —
(1) Per dHve: Within Aix-la-Chapelle and Burtscheid, 1 pers. 60, each
additional pers. 20 pf. ; luggage under 251b8. free, trunk 80 pf. — To the
Belvedere Inn on the Lousberg^ 1-2 pers. \ Jf fSO pf., 3-4 pers. 2 Jf,
(2) Bf time: Each »/« br. 1-2 pers. 1 U^ 30 pf., 8-4 pers. 1 Ul 50 pf. ; each
additional V4 br. 65 or 75 pf.
Electric Tramways traverse Aix-)a-Chapelle and Burtscheid (10-20 e.);
comp. the Plan. Outside the town: to the Stadt-Wald (Ronheide, Wald-
schlosschen, Karlsh5he), lAntenehdueehen^ and Forsthau* Siegel (these three
lines run to the Aacheuer Wald or Burtscheider Wald); to Baaren^ Barden-
U .^.a wlrnrfiJ iLiD'-'-'g^^Tllr'rt
L^^K^
-^.A
J
V
■^' c -, I '.-1 =■■
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to Cologne, AIX-LA-GHAPELLE. /. Route. &
b^rg (Willielmateln), VtteU (three favourite reaorts); to HerzogwrcUh^ Siol-
berff^Eicfiweilerj F»cW, etc.
Post and Telegraph Office, Kapasinergraben 17 and Theater-Platz 10-12
(PI. G, 4; p. 6). For branch-offieee, see the Plan.
Theatres. StadtrTheater (PI. C. 4 : p. 6), perfornuinoea in winter only \
BernarW Saison-Theater (PI. G, D, 3), Adalbert-Str. 20-24, with concert-
room, garden, and restaurant ; Eden-Theater (PI, G, 4), Franz-8tr. 45, varieties.
Viaiton' Tax. For a year, 1 pers. 30, each additional pers 10 J(: for
two months in sammer, 12, 2 pers. 20, each additional person 5 Jf (in
winter 60 per cent less).
American Gonsnl, J. Martin MiUer^ Esq.
English Ohnroh (8t. Alban's)^ Convent-Str. ; services on Sun. at 8 a.m.,
11 a.m., and 4 p.m. Resident Ghaplain, Rev. A. R. Thorold Winekle^^ M. A.,
Hotel Nttellens.
Aix-'la-Chapelle (615 ft), German Aaeheny a very ancient town
with 144,110 inhab. (including Burtscheid, p. 12; incorporated in
1897), the Aquae Orani of the Romans, lies in a fertile basin sur-
rounded by genUy sloping, wooded hills. It is a manufacturing town
of some importance, with upwards of 100 cloth-factories, 45 iron-
foundries and machine-shops, etc. Aachen was frequently the
residence of the Frankish kings, and it was a favourite abode of
Charlemagne, who made it the capital of his dominions to the N. of
the Alps, and died here in 814. From his death down to the ac-
oessioB of Ferdinand I. (1531) Aix. witnessed the coronation of all
the Glerman emperors (30), and was called par excellence the free
city of the Holy Roman Empire and seat of royalty (^urbs AquensiSy
urbs regaliSf regni eedes principaliaj prima regum curia^J. In the
middle ages Aix.-la-Ohapelle was the scene of many imperial diets
and ecclesiastical convocations, and in and after the 17th cent,
several congresses met here. In 1668 the peace between Louis XIV .
and Spain was concluded here, by which the French king abandoned
his pretensions to the Netherlands; the second Peace of Aix-la-
Ohapelle, of 1748, terminated the Austrian War of Succession; and
by the treaty of 1818 the German armies were recalled from France.
In 1794 the town was occupied by the French ; in 1801 it became
capital of the Department of the Roer ; and in 1815 it passed to
Pmssia.
Externally this venerable imperial city has retained few relics
of her ancient history, and is now practically a modern town. The
cathedral, the Rathaus, the Archives, a few relics of the medisral
fortifications, now converted into promenades, such as the restored
Mat$chier-Tor (Fl.C, 5), the Lange Turm (PI. A, 3; fine view from
the top, adm. 20 pt), and tiie recently restored Pont- Tor (PI. B, 2),
dating from the 14th cent., and the Marienburg' (Ph B, 1), of the
16th cent., are the only remains of the old town.
The open space in front of the Bheniah Station (PI. D, 5 ; p. 3)
is embellished with the Warriors' Monument (PI. 22), designed by
Drake and erected in 1872 in memory of the wars of 1866 and
1870-71. — Passing the Gothic Marien-Kirche (PI. 11 ; D, 4, 5),
a modem brick edifice by Statt (1869), we reach the broad Thbatbr-
B Routt I. AIX-LA-OHAPELLB. From BrusseU
Strasse, and follow it, to the left, to the Thbater-Platz (Pi. C, 4),
Id the centre of which stands the TheatrCf erected in 1822^25 and
enlarged in 1901. Opposite (S.W.) are the Oovernment Buildinffs
(PI. 20). Adjacent are a Telegraph Tov)er and the entrance to the
handsome Post Office (PI. 28; C, 4), in the Kapuzinergraben. The
Gothic KarUhaus (PI. k ; C, 4), at the comer of the Theater-Platz
and the Kapuzlnergrahen , serves as the meeting-place for varions
Roman Catholic societies. In front of the theatre, on the W. , is an
equestrian statue oi Emperor William /., by F. Schaper (1901)^ with
allegorical reliefs on .the pedestal. -^ Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz and
Elisenbrunnen, see p. 10. Passing the latter on the left, we proceed
through the Ursuliner-Str. to the cathedral, which rises nearly in
the centre of the town.
The ^Cathedral, or Minster (PI. C, 3), consists of two distinct
parts in different styles of architecture. The portion erected by
Charlemagne in 796-804 as the court and national church of the
Carlovingian kingdom, and consecrated by Leo III., a noble example
of the Byzantine style, is an octagon copied from early Italian
examples and built by Master Odo, 48 ft. in diameter, surrounded
by a sixteen-sided ambulatory, and terminating in a cupola, 106 ft.
high. The eight gables of the central structure are of the be^nning
of the 13th cent., the fantastic roof is of the 17th. The octagon is
surrounded by several Chapels^ built in the 14th and 15th cent., and
afterwards partly altered. On the W. side are the principal entrance
and vestibule, surmounted by a modem Gothic bell-tower, with a
pointed and slated roof. Adjoining the octagon on the E. is the lofty
and elegant Gothic Choir, begun in the second half of the 14th cent.,
and completed in 1414.
Through the W. portal , the Bronte Doors of which were cast
about 804, or the adjacent side-door, we enter the Vbstibulb, where,
on modern pillars, stand a brazen Wolf (or She-Bear)^ a Roman work
of the 3rd or 4th cent., and a Pin,e Cone of the same period, the
pedestal dating firom the 11th cent, both having doubtless once
belonged to fountains. According to a mediaeval legend, the devil
helped in the construction of the church on condition that the first
living being that entered the building should be sacrificed to him.
The magistrates entered into the compact, but outwitted the devil
by admitting a wolf into the sacred edifice on its completion.
The Intbkiob of thb Octagon is borne by eight massive pillars,
which separate t]}e central space from the surrounding two-storied
ambulatory. The lofty, round-arched openings of the upper story, or
*Hochmiinster'(p. 7), are enlivened with a double row of columns, of
unequal length, some of them in marble, others in granite, brought
from Rome, Treves, and Ravenna. Some of them were replaced by
new ones in 1845, and the capitals are all new. The large Mosaic
in the dome, on a gold ground, representing Christ surrounded by
the 24 Klders of the Apocalypse, was executed at Venice in 1882
io Cologne. AlX-LA-OHAPELLE. i. RouU. 7
by Satviati, from a 17th cent, copy of an old mosaio with which
the dome was originally adorned. The rest of the central church
has been adorned since 1902 with mo8ai|S and marble, f^om the
designs of H. Schaper. Above are the twelve Apostles, two arch-
angels, Mary and John the Baptist, with Charlemagne as founder
and Pope Leo III. as consecrator of the church. In the frieze below
the original inscription of eight verses has been reproduced; the
columns are encased in cipollino. The gilded Canidabrumj up-
wards of 13 ft. in diameter, was presented by Frederick Barbarossa
about 1165. The modern inscription *Carolo Magno' on the pave-
ment beneath, marks the probable site of the tomb of the great
emperor. — The so-called Ungarische KapelU, adjoining the octagon
on the S. (to the right of the W. entrance), recently restored in the
baroque style, contains the treasury (p. 8). — The oblong Kreuz-
Kapelle^ or Chapel of St. Nicholas^ on the N.W. side, retains its
Gothic architecture of the second half of the 15th century.
Th egress leads to the late-Gothic Cloistkbs, which were restored
in 1894; to the right is the late-Romanesque Purgatory Chapel^ erected by
Philip of l^wabia after 1200, with a rich facade; the *Quadruin' (court) con-
tains a modern fountain by Prof. Frentzen and some old remains.
The Ghoib, is remarkable for its light and elegant proportiona.
The thirteen windows (87 ft. high, 16 ft. wide) are filled vrith
modern Stained Glass ^ representing scenes from the life of the
Virgin (Assumption and Coronation designed by€ornelius), execut-
ed partly at Berlin, and partly at Cologne and Aix. On the pillars
between the windows are statues of Charlemagne, the Virgin Mary,
and the Twelve Apostles, of 1430, recently coloured. In the centre
hangs a piece of wood -carving (1554) above the empty Tomb of
Otho III, (d. 1002). In front of the tomb is a Reading Desk, consist-
ing of an eagle on a rich stand of open-work, cast in copper in
the 15th century. To the right and left are Winged Altars , with
paintings of the Cologne School (15th cent.). The Pulpit, adorned
with copper-gilt plaques with embossed designs, precious stones,
and carved ivory (5th and 8th cent,), was a gift of Henry II. (d. 1024),
but restored in the 17th cent. ; it is protected by a wooden cover.
The High Altar ifi a modem work from Schneider's designs (1876),
in which several old columns have been Incorporated. The Episcopal
Throne and other modern church furniture also deserve notice. The
sacristan shows the pulpit, the imperial throne, and the sarcophagus
(V2-1 ^y
The HochmCnstbb, or gallery of the octagon, contains the lately
restored Throne Of Charlemagne, composed of marble slabs, which
wad used during divine service by Charlemagne and his successors,
and afterwards at the imperial coronations. An ancient sarcophagus,
in Parian marble, with the Rape of Proserpine in relief, preserved
in the gallery of the Kreuz-Kapelle (see above), passes for the coffin
of Charlemagne (see above). The Balustrade between the columns
was cast about the year 804, and like the bronze doors (p. 6) is of
8 BouUU AIX-LA-OHAPELLE. From BrtMck
Carloviiigian workmanship. — The Katla-KapelUy which adjoins the
Hochmilnster on the N., dates from the second half of the 15th cent. ]
the *Anna'Kapelle^ on the S., was consecrated in 1449. The Matthiatt
KapelU, also on the S., Duilt in the latter half of the 14th cent, is
used as a sacristy.
The rich ''Oathedral Treasnrj (shown daily, except Sundays and festi-
vals, 9-1 and 2-6 o'clock^ ticket for 1-3 persons 3 Jf^ for each additional
person 1 Jf; apply to the sacristan, Domhof 2, preferably between 11.30-1 •,
a single traveller will frequently find opportunities of joining a party)
is contained in the above-mentioned Ungarische Eap^e. The chief ob-
jects of interest are the following : 24. Golden Antependium resembling the
Pala d'Oro in St. Mark's at Venice, with sixteen repouss^ reliefs, represent-
ing scenes from the Passion, etc., a gift of Emp. Otho III. and restored
by Emp. William I. in 1872; 16. Sumptuous late-Romanesque silver ShiHne
of the Fow Oreai Relics, executed in 1220-38 (containing the *robe of the
Virgin , the swaddling-clothes of the infant Christ; the bloody cloth in
which the body of John the Baptist was wrapped, and the linen cloth
with which the Saviour was girded on the Cross", which aire shown to the
public gratis only once every seven years; last occasion in 1902); 47. Silver
Reliquary of Chavlemagne, likewise a magnificent late-Bomanesque work,
containing the relics of the great emperor, who was canonized in 1166 {
18. Bmt of Charlemaffne , in gold and enamel , 14th cent. ; 1. Cross of
Lothaire III., presented by that emperor (d. 1137); 19. German Royal
CrotMy 14th cent.; 21. Hunting Born of Charlemagne, of Oriental ivory
work; numerous mediaeval vessels, in gold and silver, candelabra, and
other curiosities. These objects are preserved in large glass cabinets,
closed by doors, on the insides of which are paintings of the early-
Flemish and early-Cologne schools.
To the W. of the cathedral, in the Fischmarkt, is the building
for the Archives (Pi. 21; B, 0, 3), handsomely fitted up in the
interior, erected in 1886-89 on the site of the earliest town-hall of
Aix (of 1267 ; since the 14th cent, called the ^Grashaus'), of which
the facade has been retained ; the statues of the seven electors are
modem. A permanent Selection of Documents is shown on week-
days, 12-1, free. A common staircase connects the Archives with the
new Liftrary (90,000 vols.), opened in 1897.
To the E., behind the choir of the cathedral, is the Church of
8U Foillan (PI. 9 j 0, 3), the oldest parish-church in the town. The
present building, dating from the late- Gothic period, was rebuilt
in the 17th cent, and restored in 1883-88. — The Church of
St. Michael, or Jesuits' Church (PI. 12; B, C, 4), hullt in 1618-28,
contains a Descent from the Cross by Honthorst (1632). Nearly
opposite is the Real-Oymnasium (PI. 25; B, C, 4), opened in 1891.
— The Church of St. Paul (PI. 13 ; B, 3) contains the remains of
frescoes of the 15th cent, and modem stained-glass windows.
To the N. of the cathedral is the Mabkt-Platz (PI. 0, 31, with
a Fountain and a poor statue of Charlemagne erected in 1620. Here
is situated the ^'Bathaus, or Town Hall (PL C, 3), a handsome
Gothic edifice, begun about 1333 on the site, and partly with the
fragments of the ancient Carlovingian palace, and completed, with
the exception of the ornamentation, about 1350. After a partial
restoration, the building was injured by a fire in 1883, by which the
to Cologne, AJX-LA-CHAPELLE. 1. Route. «
two toweis, the MarkU'Tutm to the W. and the Qranus^Turm to
the £., were almost entirely burned down. Both belonged in large
part to the ancient palate, and the latter served as a storehouse for
the imperial archives and treasures. The subsequent complete re^
storatlon, by G. Frentzen, was completed in 1903. On the fa^de
are 54 statues .of German emperors, and over the windows of the
first floor is a frieze with 28 reliefs representing sciences, arts,
trades, and manufactures. Below are coats -of -arms. The rear-
faQade is embellished with statues of Alcuin, Eginhard, St. Benedict
of Aniane, Wibald of Stavelot, and the burgomasters Gerhard Chorus
and Johann von Punt, besides various coats-of-arms.
A flight of steps, erected in 1878, leads from the market-place to the
Vestibule on the first floor, which is decorated with mottoes and the
armorial bearings of the guilds (ring for the custodian; adm. 60 pf.). The
reliefs on thePortai represent the coronation banquet of Rudolf I. and the
burghers of Aix-la-Cbapelle taking the oath of allegiance after the reyolt
of 1428) above is the Majestas Domini, with Charlemagne and Leo III. —
The staircase, added in l^S, is adorned with mural paintings of scenes
from local Mstory, by Prof. A. Battr, The windows show the arms of
various locftl families who have held municipal office.
The Kaisersaal, a hall 48 yds. long and 20 yds. wide, with vaulting
borne by four massive piers, occupies the whole length of the upper
floor. The walls are decorated with eight ^Fkxscoks, which rank among
the finest modern examples of historical painting \ the first 'four are by
Alfrei Bethel (born at Aix 1816, d. 1859); the others, designed by him, were
executed by Kehren: —
1. The Bmp. Otho III. opening the burial-vault of Charlemagne;
2. Overthrow of the 'Irmensaule^ ; 3. Battle with the Saracens at (Cordova ;
i. Conquest of Pavia in 774 (these by RetheT) ; 5. Baptism of Wittekind and
Alboin; 6. Coronation of Charlemagne in St. Peter's at Rome; 7. Building
of the Cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle ; 8. Abdication of Charlemagne and
Coronation of his son Louis the Pious. The piers and vaulting bear
polychrome ornamentation. The windows contain armorial bearings of
the emperors; in the oriel (the old chapel) are small stained-glass paint-
ings with scenes from the life of the Virgin and the apostles Philip and
James the Elder, by Oeterrcdh, Fine echo.
The CotJNCiL Hall and the Bdrgouasteb's Room contain portraits
of Frederick William in. (1817), Frederick William IV. (both by Hemel),
the emperors Leopold I., Charles VI.. Charles VII. (by /. vanKusel^ 1742),
Francis I., William I. {A. von Werner^ 1890), and Frederick III. {H. von Angeti,
1889), the Empress Maria Theresa, Charlemagne (by an unknown master
of the 16th cent). Pope Clement IX., and others.
The Gothic addition with the massive square tower on the W.
side of the Rathaus, between the Katschhof and the Klostergasse,
Is the Municipal Administrative Offices.
In the GrosskSln'Strasse, which leads from the market to the
N.W., is the -S*. Nieolaus-Kirche (PI. 0, 3), containing an altar-piece
by Diepenbeeck, a pupil of Rubens. — In the Templergrabeu, near
the Templerbend Station, is situated the Rhenish - Westphalian
Pdytechnie School (PL B, % 3), buUt by Cremer in 1865-70, and
now attended by 700 students. The handsome staircase and hall
should be Inspected. Adjacent is the Giemical Laboratory, a fine
Renaissance edifice built in 1877-79, with accommodation for 120
students; and in the Malteser-Strasse is the Mining and Electric
School^ completed in 1897. — The Church of St. James fPl. lOj
10 Route 1, AIX-LA-CJHAPELLE. From Bru98d$
A, 4), a Romanesque edifice with a handsome tower, biiiU by Wiet*
hase in 1877-82, is situated in the S.W. corner of the town. New
it is the Zoological Garden ^ laid out in 1886, a favourite reeor^
(♦Restaurant, concerts j adm. 50 pf.).
The celebrated warm Sulphur SpftDcos of Aix, which were
known to the Romans, rise from the limestone-roolE, and there are
also seyeral chalybeate springs which have their souree in the clay-
slate. Of the former the chief is the Kaiserqudle (ISl^Fahr.), which
rises on the 'Bucher or slope of the martet-'hill (PI. 0, o), and
supplies the Kaiserbad, Neubad, *Queen of Hungary*, and Elisen-
brunnen. The Quirlnusquelle (125*^ rises in the bath-house of that
name in the neighbouring *Am Hof . These two springs are called
the ^Obere Quellen'. The ^Untere Quellen*, as the Bosenquelle
(116®) and Comeliusquelle (113®) are called, rise in the Comp*
hausbad-Strasse, a little to the N.£. of the others. The baths of
Aix-la-Chapelle are annually visited by about 4000 patients.
The Elisenhnmneii (PLC, 3,4), as the drinking airing is named
after the consort of Fred. William IV., is in the Friedrieh-WUhelm-
Plata. The Doric colonnade connected with it, 90 yds, long, was
designed by Schinkel and erected in 1822-24. Two flights of steps
descend to the *Trinkhalle* {Cafi-Eettaurant in the pavilions and
colonnade). — At the back of the colonnade is the ElUen-'Qarien^
where another Trinkhalle was erected in 1873, and where a band
plays from 7.30 to 8.30 a.m. and 12 to 1 p.m. during the -season
(adm. at these hours 50 pf.). — The garden opens on the other
side on the Ursuliner-Strasse, which is continued to the N. by the
Edel-Stbassb and the BtJcHBL, with several of the bath-houses
mentioned on p. 4. The cellar of the Konigin von Vngam (PI. 37 ;
G, 3) contains remains of an ancient Roman bath, which extended
as far as the neighbouring 'streets , and was connected with an
aqueduct coming from Burtscheid (p. 12). The discovery of stamps
of the 6th legion ('Victrix') refers the building to between 70 and
120A.D., when that legion was stationed on the Lower Rhine.
The design of the fanciful Baakauw Fountain, by Krauss, erected
in front of the Kaiserbad (PL 36 j 0, 3) in 1904, is based upon a
local legend.
From the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz several streets, flanked with
handsome shops, lead to the N.E. to the GoMPHiorsBAD-ST&AssB,
in which, opposite the bath-houses, stands the Evrhaus (PL D, 3),
built in 1782 but recently much enlarged. It contains a large
ball and concert room, a restaurant, and a reading-room (open till
10 p.m.; adm. 50 pf., to concerts and festivals 1 JK), At the
back of the Kurhaus, and facing the Kur^Oarten^ is the Kursaal,
in the Moorish style, built by Wickop in 1863-64. Symphony-
concerts take place here weekly.
Near the Kurhaus are the Church ofSU Peter (PL D, 2), built in
1714, and the Synagogue (PL 32; D, 3), in the Moorish style,
io Cologne. ' AIX-LA-OHAPELLE. i. Route, 11
designed by Wickop. Farther to the S., at the E. end of the
Adalbert-Strasse, rises the Church ofSU Adalbert (PI. E, 8), founded
by Emp. Henry II. in 1005 in honour of St Adalbert, who was
martyred in Prussia in 997. This building has been much altered
at yarlous dates, and was almost entirely rebuilt by Wiethase In
1873-76. — In the Kaiser-Platz, near the church, rises the Kaiser-
brunnen, a tasteful fountain erected in 1879. — A little to the S.,
in theRichaid-Strasse, is the Protestant Christus-Kirche (PI. D, E, 4),
by 6. Frentzen. Adjacent, Wilhelm-Str. No. 18, is the former Palais
Cassalette, built by E. Linse in 1886. now containing the —
^uennondt Musenm (PI. 30; E, 4). The chief attraction of this
museum is a collection of 180 valuable paintings of the early-
Oerman, Flemish, and Spanish schools, presented to his native
town by Herr Bartholomew Suermondt (d. 1887), a well-known
connoisseur and patron of art. Various local antiquities and objects
of industrial art have been added to these. Open free on Sun. &
"Wed. 10-1 (in summer also 3-5) j other days adm. 50 pf. ; closed
on Mon., except to strangers, who pay 1 Jf, Director, Dr. Schweitzer,
Qbound Floor. Tn a room to the right of the vestibule is the Collection
of EngrarAngt^ beyond which is the former banqueting-room with the (krctmic
CoUeetion (stoneware from Raeren> p. 13, etc.)- Ethnographical Section. —
A corridor contains prehistoric, Roman, and Prankish discoveries and
architectural firagments. — In the rear hall : 201. Faul de Vo$ and
Th.van Thulden^ Boar^hunt; 227. F.Bol, Cornelius de Witt and his family. —
Four small rwoms on the groundfloor cuntain paintings of the Netherlandish
schools: No. 223. P. de Bloat, Dutch cottage; 233. Brau, In praise of the
herring; Breketmkaml 235. Fishwife, 236. The proposal; 238. P. Claau,
Still-life; 239. A. Cuyp, Interior of a church; 254. Gov. Flincl, Portrait of
a young lady; 169. Bier on. Frameky Ball at Venice; 265. Eeda, Luncheon;
Sondeeoeter, 279. Fieldfares. 280. Hawking gear; 287. De Keyeer^ Lady; 301.
/. van der Afeer van Haarlem^ Dutch village; 302. Sir A. More^ Margret
Halseber; 829. 0. SafiUoen, Landscape with cattle; 199. D. Teniers the
Yownger^ Hilly landscape: W. Qerbr. vcm den Eeckhouty Babbi; 213. Aertemy
Market; A. Brouwer<, 149. Surgeon, 151. Peasants' dance; 241. A. Ouyp^
StilMlfe.
FiBST Floor. One room here is devoted to the Textile Collection^ another
to the Worki in MetcUy amongst which the cutlery is especially noteworthy.
— In a third room are paintings of the Flemish and Spanish school:
Rubens y 188. Studies for tne *Fali of the Damned** at Munich, varying
considerably ftrom the completed work; 184. F. Snydersy The cock and
the jewel; 203. C. de Fm, Portrait; 174.. Jordaens, Satyr and boy; 192.
F. Snyderty Hawking with the owl; 137. Zurharan, St. Francis. — Modern
paintings occupy two rooms: 489. Leiibach, Prince Bismarck (1894); 367.
Conttahley After the storm; 381. Schadowy Assumption of the Virgin; 472.
F. Meyerheimy Sarages. Here' also is a permanent exhibition of modern
paintings j changed f^om time to time.
Sbcouo Floob. 'Studies and paintings by A. Rethel. Coins of Aix-la-
Chapelle. — Antique works of art; works in the Romanesque, Gothic, and
Renaissance styles. Peasant's room from the K. Eifel. — Room of the
18th cent., containing the 'Episcopal Throne of Bishop Berdolet. — Two
rooms in the modem style.
To the £., In the Adalberts-Steinweg, to the right, is a kind of
marble temple, erected In 1844 to commemorate the Congress of Aix
in 1818 (PI. F, 3, 4). Adjoining it is the turreted Gothic Prison
(PI. F, 4). — Opposite lies the Roman Catholic Cemetery (PI. F, G, 3),
12 RouUU BUBTSGHEID. From BrusaeU
containing a monument to the memory of the French and German
soldiers who died at Aix-la-Chapelle in 1870-71. — Adjoining
the prison, in the Congress-StrassO) are the Law Courts^ completed
in 1888.
Ornamental gardens extend from the Kalser-Platz to the Pont'
Tor. In the Hansemann-Platz (PI. D, E, 2) is a monument to
David Hansemann (1790-1864), the Prussian minister (18i8), who
established the Aix-la-OhapeUe and If unich Fire Insurance Co. —
Near it, in the Monheims-Alltfe, is the Mariahilf Hospital (Pi. D,
1,2), with the pleasant grounds of the Stadt-Garten (closed 12-3),
in which is a new Meteorological Observatory, — On the Salvatorberg
(PI. 0, 1), to the N.W., is a pil^grlmage-church.
The Lonsberg (860 ft.), a wooded eminence to the N.W. of the
town (PI. B, 1 ; cab, see p. 4), and rising 200 ft. above it, ascend-
ed, in 40 min. from the Marschier-Tor or in 1/4 hr. from the Pont
Tor, is laid out in grounds and shady walks. The summit, on
which rises a pyramid (near it the Belvedere^ with restaurant), com-
mands a fine survey of the busy town and the wooded, undulating
environs, as far as the outliers of the Eifel Mts. ; to the E. lies the
pretty Soerstalj with its numerous country-residences.
Contiguous to Aix on the S.E. side, but for the most part
beyond the Rhenish Railway and its viaduct (see p. 14), lies —
BurtSCheid. — Baths (comp. PI., p. 4): *Earlsbad, R. 2V2-3V2, D. 8,
pens. QSyiJf; *Rcsenbad^ pens. 6 Jt; Louisenhad^ R. 24. B. 1, pens. 6-10 Ulf
(S. extra) ^ MichaeUbad^ pens. 6ulf; Primenbad, pena.i-lJf; Schuertbad. —
Visitors' tax at the first four 2V2 Jf^ at the others 1V« Jf per week.
Burtscheid or Boreettej now incorporated with Aix-la-OhapeUe
(comp. p. 5), has considerable manufactures of cloth and needles,
and also contains frequented thermal springs. The principal are
the Victoriabrunnen (PI. E, 6; 140** Fahr.), where a band plays in
summer every morning from 7 to 8 and also in the afternoon or
evening, the Kochbrurhnen (PL D, 6; 158**), and a third (162*^ in
the market-place. The handsome Kurhaus was built in 1887-89
(good restaurant). On an eminence in the centre of the town rises
the church of St, John the Baptist (PI. D, E, 6), which formerly
belonged to a Benedictine abbey founded by Emp. Otho III.
(d. 1002), but was rebuilt in 17.36. The Church ofSt, Michael, with
a lofty tower, also on the hill, was completed in 1761. To the W.,
in the Goethe-Str. (PI. B, 6), are the liandsome new buildings of
the Engirieering School^ the Mining School, and the Hospitals. In the
modern N.E. quarter of Burtscheid, in the ZoUern-Str. (PI. E, 5),
are the District Offices, containing wall-frescoes by Kampf (adro.
free daily 10-12.30), and the Trinity Church.
The FranMnberg (PI. F, 5), past which an electric tramway runs, was
once, according to the legend, a hunting-seat of Charlemagne, and is now
in the centre of a new quarter of the town. The present building, lately
restored, dates from 1642.
About »/4 M. farther to the E., beyond the railway, is the Trimbomer
Wildchen (Restaurant; carr. 2Vj 3 Jt), which may alio be reached by the
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the language of this district. The W. half of the territory belongs to
Belgium. Near the town are three chalybeate springs, the water of which
is exported in large qnantitiea.
Railway to Oolognb (44 M., in 1V4-^ l^rs- ; fares 6 Ji 60,
4ujf 20, 2ur 80 pf . ; express 6 UJf 30, 4 ujf 70, 3 ujf 30 pf.). Few lines
exhibit suoh varied forms of railway engineering as that between
the Belgian frontier and Cologne. On ieaying the station of Aix-la-
Chapelle the train crosses a Viaduct 308 yds. in length, and passes
the castle of Frankenlerg (to the left; see p. 12). At (IV4 M.)
Roihe Erde theMalmedy line diverges to the S. (see p. 13). 100 M.
Eilendorf, The train then passes through the Nirmtr Tunnel(}/2 M.),
traverses the Reichshuach wood, and stops at (103 M.) Stolherg June-
tiony near which are the remains of a Roman villa, excavated in
1880 (key kept at the station refreshment-rooms). A short branch-
railway and an electric tramway run hence to (21/4 M.) Stolberg
(Berliner Hof; Milde)^ a prosperous town with 16,000 inhabitants.
Stolberg is the centre of one of the most important manufacturing
districts in Germany, the numerous products of which are sent to
every part of the world. For the foundation of its prosp^ty it
was indebted to French Protestant refugees, who established brass-
foundries here in the 17th century. The old chateau, traditionally
said to have once been a hunting-seat of Charlemagne, has been
rebuilt.
The principal products of the district are zinc, lead, and silver \ there
are also manufactories of pins . needles , mirrors , glass , chemicals , etc.,
the fuel consumed by which is yielded in abundance by the coal-mines
of the EschweUer Pumpe (near the railway) and others in the neighbour-
hood. There is probably no other locality in Germany where so many
branches of industry are successfully prosecuted within so small a space.
Branch-railways ran from Stolberg to several bnsy little towns.
The train now traverses a picturesque district , with numerous
coal-mines and foundries. Near Eschweiler it crosses the /nde,
and passes through a tunnel.
105M. Eschweiler (H6t. Wanlzen; Hoerkens; Kaiserhof; Schutzen-
halUy at all these R. & B. 2^2 •^)i ^ busy and rapidly growing town
of 23,624 inhab., picturesquely situated in a valley, with a castel-
lated hospital. The forges, foundries, puddling-works, and factories
in the immediate neighbourhood employ 3000 workmen. The coal-
mines in this district are sometimes 1300 ft. deep and produce
excellent coal.
Farther on, to the left, near Nothberg, rises a ruined castle with
four towers, and still farther on, also to the left, is the RothgerBurg.
Among the hills to the right are several villages, including Werth,
the supposed birthplace of Johann von Worth (d. 1651 ; p. 47),
and Gressenich, the ancient royal residence of Orasciniaeum, near
which are extensive mines of cadmium, iron, and lead-ore, once
worked by the Romans , as proved hy Roman coins found in them.
110 M. Langerwehe (Sohiitzenhof), a village with 1800 inhab.,
near which are several large needle-manufactories.
toCoiognt. DORBN. 1. RouU. 15
The spurs Of the Eifel are seen on the tight. At the base of
the wooded heights of the Mochwald on the right lies the village of
MerodCj iVs^* &om Langerwehe and 3 M. from Diiren, with an
old tnrreted chateau, dating from the 13th cent., formerly the seat
of a wealthy family of Belgian counts* The train crosses the Roer,
116 M. Dftvea. ^ HoteU. ^Koxmbb, Elsenbahni^tr. 24, B. & B. from
21/i, D. IV4-2 J^ with restaurant V Scbulkb (JtheM»cher Hof) , Zehnthof-
Str. 7, R. 2-2V«j B. 1, D. 2Ul^. — Kolnbb Hof, Koln-Str. 21 1 Dbbi Kaisek,
Kaiser-Platz 17, R. iV2-2V2, B. "A ^.
Durerij a busy town of 29,770 inhab., with manufactories of
cloth, paper, iron, etc., is situated on the Roer or Rur (pron. Roor)
in a fertile plain. The most conspicuous object In the town is the
lofty tower of the church of Su Anna. To the right of the station
are the buildings of the proTincial Lunatic and Blind Asylums.
Adjacent is the new St. Joachims- Kirche. The RatJiaus contains a
collection of antiquities. The town contains Monuments to Emp,
WiUiam J., Bismarck, and MoWke^ all by J. Uphues, and a War
Monument by Prof. Frentzen. In the Roer Promenade is a bronze
bust of Bmp. Wiaiam II., by Begas (1897).
Fbom Dusbn to Heimbaoh, 18V«M., raflway !n IV4 hr., ascending the
valley of the Roer. Beyond (3 M.) Lendendorf the oastle of Burgau ap-
pears on the left. iVz M. Kreutau; 7>/« M. Untermaubach (Strepp), with a
medieeval chateau. — 12 M. Nideggen {''Heiligei\ near the castle, R. 2-3,
D. 2, pens. 4V2*^f Beei'gartenf Beinen, unpretending), with well-preserved
town-walls, situated on a rock rising precipitously from the Roer, and
crowned with a castle dating from 1180 and thoroughly restored in 1903,
which was once a favourite residence of the Conn ts and Dukes of Jiilich.
The keep, -w ith i^s Romanesque chapel, is the largest of its kind in Ger-
many; while the *Palas' (Uth cent.) is the largest hail of its period in W.
Oermany, next to the Rathans Hall in Aix-la^Ghapelle. — 1672 M. Blent. — >
18V« M Heimbaoh (Haw Sehffnbh'ci , new \ Kdlner Ho/; Zur Taltperre),
a pilgrim and summer resort, prettily situated on the right bank of the
Roer, with the smaU ruin of Sengehaeh. About 1 M. higher np, on the
left bank, is the mouth of the discharge from the Urftal reservoir (p. 204),
which is here utilized by means of water-wheels and a power-house to
generate an electric current of 35,000 volts for the use of the industrial
establishments in Aix Ja-Chapelle and Duren. — The finest view of Heim-
bach is obtained from the road ascending to the S. in wide curves, past
the (IVa H.) Trappist convent of Mariatoald^ and thence leading viSl Wolf-
garten to (2 hrs.) O&milnd (p. 20i). Another picturesque walk (guide
needful to the forester's house of PauUhof) leads through woods to Ruhr-
berg and the fine view-point Am Kreuz^ near Einruhr (31/2 hrs. ; inn). The
road from Gemund to (17 V2 M.) Mon^oie (p. 13) leads via Einruhr and
Simmerath.
Fbou D6kbn to Kbuss, S0V2 M. , railway in IV4 hr. ; stations EUdov/^
Bedburg^ Barff^ Orevenbroich, Captlltn-Wevelinghoven. Neuu, see p. 56.
FaoM D6bbn to JSlich, 9V2 M., in 10 minutes. — Julich or Juliers (Diss-
mann; Quaci), with 6400 inhab., the capital of the ancient duchy of that
■anie, has belonged to Prussia since 1814. The fortifications were dis-
mantled in 1860. Julich is now also connected with Aix-la-Ohapelle (17 V« H. ^
IV4 hr.) by a direct line yi& Aldenhoven^ Mariagrube^ Wilrselen^ and Kaisersruh.
Prom Dtiren to Euskirchen and Trives^ see p. 203.
ISIV2 M. Buir. — 129 M. Horrem lies in the luxuriant vale of
the Erfty which abounds with seats of the Rhenish noblesse. To the
right are the chateaux of Frenz Bind. Hemmersbach 01 Horremer Burg,
16 Route 2. ROTTERDAM. From Rotterdam
From Horrem a pleasant ezcarsion may be m»de to (3i/t H.) Johen-
dorf (good inn), and thence either vi& the old convent of Kdniasdor/ (now
a farm) to the station of Gross-Kdnigsdorf (see below) ; or via Baron von
Oppenheim's chateau of SehlendtrJuAn to (1V2 M.) Quadrath and on past
(IVs M.) B€rgh«kn (Hotel Woidenbadi), a pretty little town on the Krft.
Narrow-gauge railways run from Horrem to OVa M.) lAhlar (p. 203),
and via Ichendorf, Bergheim (see above), and Bedburg (p. 16) to (17M.) Ameln.
The Erf-Tal is quitted by the Konigsdorf tunnel, 1 M. long.
To the left, beyond (132 M.) Orosi-Kdnigadorf, in the distance,
is the ylllage of Brauweilerj with an ancient Benedictine Abbey,
now a reformatory. The Abbey Churchy an imposing late-Roman-
esque edifice with three towers, rebuilt in the i3th cent, contains
a crypt of the lltb cent, and some interesting Romanesque sculp-*
tures. Tbe frescoes on the vaulting of the chapter-house (scenes
from the Epistle to the Hebrews) date from the i2th century.
As Cologne is approached the line traverses a fertile plain,
studded with detached houses and factories. The hills to the right
are spurs of the Vorgebirge, a low range which begins on the left
bank of the Rhine between Cologne and Bonn.
135 M. Lovenich. — 139 M. Ehrenfeld^ a large and busy manu-
facturing suburb of Cologne.
141 M. Cologae, see R. 3.
2. From Rotterdam to Cologne.
Bailwat (1) by Utrecht, Zevenaar, Emmerich, Oberhausen, and
Dusseldorf; (2) by Utrecht, Zevenaar, Cleve, and Crefeld. Expbbss by
both lines in 6-6i^ hrs. (fares 12 florins 7()^ cents, 10 fl., 6 fl. 40 c). Examin-
ation of luggage at the Prussian custom-house at Elten. (The Dutch florin,
or guilder, worth U. Sd.^ is divided into 1(X) cents.)
The through-trains from ffoet van Holland (p. xv), in connection with
the Harwich steamers, run to Cologne in 672 hrs., via Rotterdamy Dordrecht^
Nymwegeny Venlo, Kaldenkirchm (Prussian custom-house revision), Cre/eld
(p. 67), and Jieut* (p. 66).
Rotterdam t. — Hot^. Ma as Hotbl, near the steamboat-piers, B,
from 2V2, D. 2V8fl. ; Viotobia, Willemsplein^ Wbihab, Spaansche Eade$
Letgbaaf, Westplein-, Hotel de France, Hoogstraat; St. Lucas, Hoogr
straat? Coomans, Hoofdsteg 12, B. & B. from 1V4» !>• 1-iVa A.
Oab per drive without luggage, 1-2 pers. 60 c, 3-4 pers. 70 c. ; per
hr. 1 fl. 25 c. \ to or from any of the railway-stations, with luggage, I fl.
>- The Bhenish Ball. Station is not far from the London steamboat-piers.
Omn. to or from the hotels 26 c.
Rotterdam, with 350,000 inhab., the second commercial town
in Holland, is situated on both banks of the Maasy about 15 M.
from the German Ocean. It is the most active seaport in Holland;
about one-half of the total national exports by sea and nearly one-
half of the exports pass through it, besides four-flfths of the Dutch
trade with the Rhine. Rotterdam contains also numerous factories
and distilleries. The older part of the town is intersected by num-
t For a fuller description of Dutch towns, see Baedeker's Belgium and
Holland.
to Cologm. DTREOHT, 2. Route, 17
eroud canals (graehten^ or havens Jy which give it a very picturesque
appearance ; and numerous drawbridges (ophaalbruggen) afford com-
munication between the various quarters.
A huge dyke or embankment runs through the centre of the
town, protecting the lower quarters (Binnenatad) from inundation
during high tide. The Hoogstraatj or high street, is built on this
dyke ; and the finest part of the town , the Buitenatad , is situated
between this street and the Maas.
The traveller's leisure had better be devoted to a walk on the
busy quay (Boompjee); to the Gothic Church of St. Lawrence
(Qroote Kerk) , a brick building dating from 1477 , and containing
die monuments of Admiral de Witt and other celebrated Dutchmen ;
and to the Boymana^ Muaeum^ a very fair collection of pictures,
open daily (except Mon.) 10-5 (in winter 10-3). Those who have a
day at their disposal are recommended to spend it at The Hague (by
railway in 3/^ hr. ; see Baedeker'a Belgium and Holland).
The district traversed by the railway is perfectly flat, lying con-
siderably below the level of the sea, which is excluded by means of
carefully-constructed dykes and embankments. Canals, pasture-land,
and occasional windmills are the principal features of the scenery.
The first station of importance is —
1272 M. €N>ada, or Ter Oouw (^De Zalm, in the market-place),
on the Taaelj with 23,000 Inhab., the staple commodities of which
are bricks, clay-pipes, and an Inferior kind of cheese. The principal
church (Qroote or Jana Kerk) contains some fine old stained glass.
38 M. Utrecht (^Paya Baa; Kaateel van Antwerpen; H6t. de
VEurope ; BeUevue ; Central, H6t, de la Station, both near the sta-
tion), the *Oude Trecht' or old ford, the Trajectum ad Rhenum of the
Romans, is one of the most ancient towns in Holland (pop. 108,000).
It belonged at on% time to Lorraine, then to the Oerman Empire,
and was frequently the residence of the emperors. Here in 1579
the union of the seven provinces Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht,
Guelders , Over-Yssel , Friesland , and Groningen was effected, and
William I. of Orange was created stadtholder. In 1672 Louis XIY.
took possession of the town and levied an enormous contribution.
The well-known Peace of Utrecht, which ended the Spanish War of
Succefslon, was concluded here in 1713. — The Rhine divides here
into two arms : l^e Old Rhine, falling into the German Ocean near
Katwyk, and the Vecht, faUing into the Zuider Zee.
Utrecht was celebrated at a very early period for its fine
churches, the most interesting of which is the* Cathedral, founded
in 720, and dating in its present form from 1254-67. The Vni-
veraity, founded in 1636, is attended by about 750 students.
Beyond Utrecht the line crosses the canal (Vaartache Rhyn) which
unites the town with the Lek. Pleasant retrospect of Utrecht. —
45 M. Zeiat^Driebergen. At Zeist there is a Moravian colony. Then
ait^^fmBMaarahergen, and Veenendaal, with numerous apiaries. The
Babdbkbr's Rhine. 16th Edit. 2
18 Route 2. WESEL. From RoiUrdam
line intersects the extensive moor of the Vetuwcj which extends
as far as the Zuider Zee. 6972 M. Wolfheze.
73 M. ▲mhem (^Zon^ on the N.W. side of the town, nearest
the rail. stat. ; *BeUevue, V4 ^* heyond the Zon, prettily situated ;
*Payi'Baay in the GrooteMarkt; Zwynshoofd^ very fair; De Pauw,
near the station, second-class), with 59,000 inhab., long the seat of
the Dukes of Gueldera, is still the capital of that province. Al-
though a good specimen of a clean Dutch town, it offers little to detain
the traveller. The Qroote Kerk contains monuments of the Dukes
of Guelders. The Toxon HaU derives its local appellation of Dui"
velahuia (^devil^s house') from the grotesque figures which adorn it.
The environs of Aruheim far surpasfl those of any other Dutch town
in attraction. Railway to Zutphen and Salzhergen, see Baedeker's
Northern Oermany.
82 M. Zevenaar is the Dutch, 87 M. Elten the Prussian frontier
station. Hence, crossing the Rhine, to Cleve and Cologne, see R. 4.
The line by Diisseldorf to Cologne remains on the right bank.
93 M. Emmerich (*Rheini8cher Hof; Hof von Holland ; Kaiser-
liof; E6tel Royal) is a clean Dutch-looking town with 12,678 in-
habitants. At the upper end rises the Gothic spire of the Aldegundis-
Kirche, at the lower is the Muneter-Kirche, in the Romanesque style
of the 11th and 12th centuries. The tower of the latter is of the
15th cent, while below the choir is a crypt of the 11th century.
The carved choir-stalls date from 1486. Among the treasures of the
sacristy is the *Willibrordi Arche', a golden casket of the 8th cent-
ury. — A steam-ferry (10 pf.) here crosses to the left bank of the
Rhine, whence a motor-omnibus plies eight times daily (fare 60 pf.)
to CUve (p. 59).
97 M. Profat. From (100 M.) Empel a narrow-gauge railway
runs to (3 M.) Rees, a small town on the RhineT 103 M. HcUdem;
106 M. Mehrhoog.
113 M. Wesel (Dombusch, R. 2-3, B. 3/^, D. 2 uT, very fair;
Escherhaue, with a frequented garden; Qermania*y Kaiserhofj all near
the station; Oiesenjy a town with 23,238 inhab., situated at the con-
fluence of the Rhine and Lippe and formerly strongly fortified. The
Berliner Tor, a relic of the fortifications, erected in 1718-22 and
restored in 1892, is adorned with sculptures and inscriptions. The
handsome Rathaus, lately restored, and embellished with seven
modern statues on the fa^de, dates from 1396. Opposite stands a
war-monument for 1870-71. *St, Willibrord's Churchy in the market-
place, is the finest Gothic edifice on the Lower Rhine after the cath-
edral at Xanten (p. 58). It was begun in 1424 and completed as far as
the choir goes in 1526. In 1882-96 the nave was added and the whole
restored. The ornamentation of the gables deserves attention. The
slender iron fidche is new. The interesting interior (sacristan, Grosse
Markt 144) is adorned with partly modern and partly ancient ceiling-
tV.AtiaUilt vnn.'VVk^njBrJiDebeB^LeTiJi
S3)lilllSliR{(^i
1 :36.D00
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Duisburd;
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10 T^S^a!^ i -J
to Cohgnt. DUISBtJRG. 2. Routt. 19
paintings, while the vaulting of the choir is a miracle of the stone-
mason's art. A marhle tablet records that Peregrine Bertie, Lord
Willonghhy d'firesby, son of Richard Bertie and Catherine, Duchess
of Suffolk, was born here in 1555. The exiles were Protestants, who
had fled from the persecutions of Queen Mary, and were permitted
by the magistrates of Wesel to take up their quarters in the church,
th :i unused. — The Lower Bhenish Museum^ in the Gold-Str.,
contains antiquities, weapons, and domestic utensils (adm. 50 c).
The Mathena-Kirche^ begun in 1429, has an iron tower added in 1882.
— In the Exersicr-Platz, V2 M. from the station, is a Monument on
the spot where 11 Prussian officers of Von SchiWs CorpSj captured
by the French in Stralsund, were shot in 1809.
The river is spanned here by the large railway-bridge of the Oeldem-
Venlo and Ooch-BoxUl lines (see Batdeker^s Belgium and Holland). — A
local steamer plies four times daily in summer from Wesel to XiamAm
(p. 58) in V«br. (return-fare 1 MY — Eailway to Haltemj see Baedeker's
Northern Qermany; to Winterstvyk yi& BochoU^ see Baedeker'^s Belgium and
Holland.
The train crosses theLippe and traverses aflat and bleak district.
121 M. Dinslaken lies 1 1/2 M. from the Rhine. — Beyond (128 M.)
Sterkrade, with an extensive foundry, we cross the Emscher.
131 M. Oberhausen (*Rail. Restaurant ^ *Hof von Holland^
R. & B. from 3 J(; Central Hotel; Reichskrone), a town of recent
origin, with 52,096 inhab., is now an important railway-junction,
with railway-works, foundries, iron-furnaces, etc.
From Obebhausen to Buhbobt, 5V2 M., branch-line in V* br. — 3 M.
Meiderich (39,000 inhab.), with important iron-works. — 672 M. Buhrort
(Cleve Hotel, B. & B. 21/2-8 Jfj very fair-, Kaieerhof; FreueMseher Ho/;
Rheiniseher Ho/X with 37,000 inhab., lies on the Bhine at the influx of the
Ruhr^ and is mainly engaged in the exportation of coal and the importation
of ore for the Bhenish- Westphalian iron-industry. Buhrort and Meiderich
were incorporated with Duisburg (see below) in 1905 to form one large
community, and the united harbours and docks now form the largest
inland port in Europe. At present the port covers 860 acres (250 acres
water-surface), while new works, to be completed in 1907, will add
740 acres more (165 acres water^surface). Tlie docks are surrounded with
ooal-magazines, connected by branch-lines with the main railways. The
ship-building yards of Buhrort are of considerable extent. At the harbour
are monuments to the Rmp. William I. (PI. 9) and to Ludwig von Vincke
(d. 1844), the president of the province of Westphalia , who materially
improved the navigation of the Buhr. Opposite the railway-station are
the blast and puddling furnaces of the Phoenix Co. — On the opposite
bank of the Bhine lies Homberg (p. 62^ steam-ferry 5 bridge under con-
struction).
From Buhrort a steamer descends the Bhine four times daily in */a hr..
to (7Va M.) the old town of Ortoy (Jennes Hotel) formerly fortified. The
Boman Catholic church of Orsoy contains an important early -Flemish
carved altar, with painted wings (ca. 1480-90).
The train now crosses the Ruhr.
136 M. Doisbnrg. — Hotel*. ^Bukopaisgueb Hof, Bnrg-Platz 3,
B. 2, D. 1 UV, with wine-room-, Pbinz Bsqemt, Universitats-Str. 1, very
fair, B. 2-4, B. 8/4, D. l>/2-2V« Uff Beblinbb Hof, very fair, B. 8-5, B. 1,
D. iVt-S •#, these two close to the rail, station ^ Schapbb *, H6t. Casino,
Casino-Str. ; Kaisebuop, Kdnig-Strasse.
2*
20 Route 2. DOSSELDOBF. From Rotterdam
Cab lo the town ^U-i Ji. — Electric Tramways. From the central
railway- station io Rvhrort (every t min.) and to the Wtrthaut Ferry ;
from the Friedrich-Wilhelm Platz to the Kaiterherg (see below), iionning^
Speldor/, and Broich'^ from (he Cemetery vial the Konig-Sir, to Hoeh/eld
Station. — Elkotkic Light Railway frum the Konig-Sir. to Kais^swerlh
and DUsseldor/f every 20 min. (see p. 25).
Duiaburgj a very ancient town, situated between the Rhine and
the Ruhr, is one of the earliest settlements on the right bank of the
Lower Rhine. Comparatively recently it has rapidly developed as
one of the chief depots of the Ruhr coal-traffic (pop. in 1880,
41,000; in 1905, 105,850, cr, including Ruhrort and Meiderich,
192,229) while it is the chief centre of the Rhenish timber-traffic
and is second only to Mannheim for its grain trade. Harbour, see
p. 19. It is also an important manufacturing town and railway-
junction.
The Salvator-Kireht (PL 17), of the 15th cent,, restored in 1850,
contains an epitaph to the memory of the geographer Gerhard Mer-
cator (d. 1594), to whom a monument was erected in 1878 in the
neighbouring Burg-Platz, In the Schweden-Allee is a Bismarck
Monument (1905). The Rathaus (PL 14), built in 1901, and the
Real- Gymnasium (Fl. 15) contain modern frescoes, by Meyer, Spatz,
and Keller. Fine view from the Kaiserberg (Monning's Inn), 1 V4 M.
from the station, with a monument to Emp. William I. (PL 18). —
Railway to Crefeld and Essen^ see R. 6.
Near (140 M.) Grossenbaum is the chateau of Heltorf^ the property
of Count Spee, adorned with frescoes by masters of the Diisseldorf
school. — iA2y2^» Anyermund; 147 M. Vnttrrath; 149 M. Defen-
der/'(see below).
150 M. Diisseldorf. — Bailway Stations. Central Station {Haupt-
bahnhof, PI. E, 6; Restaurant, D. 2-21/2 Jf^ good), for all trains. The
Derendorf Station (PL £, 2, 3), to the K., and the Biik Station (PI. B, 8), to
the S., are stopped at by th« ordinary trains only.
Hotels. "Bkeidenuacueb Hov (PI. a; G, 5), All^e-Str. 34, S. SVs-T,
li. IV4, D. 3-4 J(; *Park Hotel (PL o-, C. 4), prenily situated in the
Cornelius-Platz, R. from SVa, B. IV4, d^j. 3, D. 4 JT, two high-class hotels
with good restaurants. — *H6tel Royal (Pi. fj D, 6), Bismarck-Str. 102,
near the Central Railway Station, with wine- restaurant and lift, R. 2Va-6,
B. 1, D. 2-SJf; Hotel MosopoL-MiiTROPOLE (PI. h ; D, 5), Kaiser Wilhelm-
Str 2, with restaurant, R. 2 4, B. 1, D. IVrS, pens, from 6 Jf ; *H6tkl
Heck (PI. e^ C, 5), Blumen-Str. 16-18. with a garden and glased veranda,
R. 2V2-4, B. 11/4, D. 3, pens, from 6 J({ *Romi8cheb Kaiser (PL c^ D, 6),
Stein-Str., at the corner of OstStr., with restaurant; Hansa Hotel (PL mj
D, 6), Wilhelms-Platz 13, near the Central Station, with restaurant, R. 2V«-5,
B. 1, D. 2V2-3V2Ui^; Merkub, Schadow-Str.40; Kaiserhof, Kaiser -Wilhelm-
Str. \ Prinz Alexander, Alexander Plalz, commercial, R.2-2V«» B. »/4, D.l'A-
2 Jf; Hotel Bristol (PL g; D, 6), Wilhelms-Platz 12. with lift, R. 2-4,
B. 1, D. from IV4 Uf; Germania (PL n; D, ^, Bismarck-Str. 101 (PL E, 6),
R. 2V2 4, B. 1, D. (in the restaurant) 2-3 Jf; European Hotel (PL b •, B, 6),
Friedrich-Str. 1, with restaurant, well spoken of, R. lVs-6, B. 1 Jf;
Bahnhof-HStbl, opposite the Central Station. — ChristiAn Hospice* :
Neandebhaus, Scheuren-Str. 10 (R. IV2-2V2, D. IV2 Jt) and Kloster-8tr. 34-56
(PL C, D, 6). — Penaions : Greeven^ Schumann-Str. 2, pens. 4-7 Jf ; Kr&se-
mann, Feld Str. 22; A. Mmier, Victoria-Str. 34 (4-7 Jf)-, Birkenfeld, Grafen-
berger Chauss^e 67 (4-6 Jf) \ ^/6«r»-e«;<fef»ayer, HohenzoUero-Str. 23; Simont^
ern-Str. 20a. — AugiutaHaus (for ladies), Stefanien-Str. 14.
m ■ : ■ ^'
1
to Cologne. DUSSELDORP. 2. Route. 21
Seitanraiiti. Wimb. At the above-named HoUUi *Thilmaga. Elber-
felder-Str. 11 (PI. C, 4, 5), D. from 3Jf; *Rebstock, Griin-Str. 4, D. ^/iJfi
•Zur Alien Zeit, Andreas-Str. 2-, DiUul-SehlOischen (p. 22), Schljssufer 1,
with view of the Rhine. — Beer. At the above-named Hotels t TonTuOU
Rmkntram^ Schadow-8tr. ; /^Nre, Schadow-Platz 81, D. IVi-lV^ -M ; Wiitels-
hacher Eof^ K(inigs-All<5e 46 5 Alt-Heidelberg^ Graben-Str. 14-16 •, KcUetsch^
K6nig8-All^e 32; Union, Graf Adolf- Sir. 17. - Wine Booms. Faccenda,
KonigSrAll^e 7; Continental Bodega, Konigs-AlHe 26.
Oafia. Owmeliua Cafi^ Konigs-AlMe 9-10 ; Bierhoff^ Breite-Str. 4 Oai'gely
frequented by ladies); Weitz, Koniga-All^e 39, with garden; Ananatberg^
Eiskeller, both in the Hof-Garten Cp. 24).
Tlaeea of Amusement. *Tonhalle{Vl. D, 4), Schadow-Str., with a garden
and concert-rooms (music three times a week, 60 pf.; symphony-concert
on Thurs. & Sat.); *Flora Garden (PI. B, 8), to the 8. of the town, with
palm-house (concert twice weekly; 60 pf.).
Theatres. 8tadt-Theater (PI. C, 4; p. 21), All^e-8tr.; performances be-
tween Sept^ 15th and April 15th. — Sehatupielhaue (PI. B, 6), at the comer
of Kasernen-Str. and Karl Theodor-Strasse. — Apollo Theatre (VI. 2 -^ C, 6),
Konigs-AIl€e, variety performances and operettas.
Baths. Town Baths (swimming, Turkish, etc.), entered either from the
Qrfin-8tr. or the Bahn-8tr. (PI. G, 6). — River Baths in the Rhine.
Gabs. Per drive of 2 kil. (IV4 U.), 1-2 persons 60, 8-4 pers. 80 pf. ; each
kil. additional 30 or 40 pf. extra. By time: V«l»r» 1-2 pers. IV2, 3-4 pers.
2 Jt; i hr., 2V4 or 3 ur. — Motor Cabs have a special tariff.
Tramways ply to the Rhine Bridge (p. 22), the Flora (see above), the
Zoological Garden (p. 25), Gra/enberg (p. 26), etc.; comp. «he Plan. —
Eleotrio Bailways: from Graf Adolf-Platz (PI. B, 6) to Obercassel (p. 56),
Crefeld (p. 57), and Neuss (p. 56; change at Obercassel); from the end of
the K61ner-8tr. (PI. B, F, 5, 6) to Benraih (p. 26) ; from the corner of the
Nord-Slr. (PI. C, 2) to KaUerswerth (p. 26) ; from the Schadow-Platz (PI. 0,
4, 5) to Gerresheim (p. 64), etc.
Xocal Steamers ply 3-4 times daily to Kaiserswerth (p. 25) and Uerdingen
(p. 62); to Obercaesa (PI. B, A, 6, 4) every 1/4 hr.
Post Ofaoe (PI. E, 6, 6), Wilhelms-Plata.
Telegraph Office (PL G, 5), Konigs-AU^e 29.
Picture Gallery, 8chulte*s, All^e-Str. 42 (adm. 50 pf.); Bismeyer &
Kraus^ Bazar-Str. 4, 5; large exhibition of pictures every 2 years in the
Palace of Art (p. 25). — Conservatorium of Music (director. Prof. J. Boths),
Wahner-Str. 21.
British Goilsul for Westphalia and the Ehenish Provinces : Thos R.
Mvlvanetfy B$q.^ Derendorfer-Str. 1. — American Gonsul : Peter Lieber^ Esq.
Bnfliah Ohoreh Sendoe at 8 and 11.15 a.m., in the smaller Protestant
Church, Berger-Strasse. Chaplain, Rev. Ch. J. Ferguson^ D. /)., Duis-
burger-8tr. 102.
DusscWor/* (89 ft.), the capital of the district of that name, with
252,680 inhab., lies on the right bank of the Rhine at the influx of
the Du8$elhach. With the exception of some of the oldest streets, it
is a pleasant and well-built town. Fiist mentioned in a document
of 1159, it was chosen at the beginning of the 16th cent, as a resi-
dence by the Dukes of Berg, and on their becoming extinct in 1609
it continued to be the residence of the Princes Palatine. It reached
the acme of its prosperity under the splendonr-loying Elector John
WiUiam (1690-1716), who Invited numerous artists to his court and
established the picture-gallery. On his death the Princes Palatine
transferred their seat to Mannheim. In 1767 Elector Charles Theodore
founded the Dwaeldorf Academy of Arty which was reorganised in
•1819 and became one of the chief centres of German art (p. xxxiv).
22 Route 2. DtJSSELDORF. From Rotterdam
Reeentty Bfisseldorf has beoome an important industtt^i and com-
mercial town, with an extensile new haibonr (to the S.W. of
PI. A, 6, 7).
In the heart of the older part of the town, with its narrow and
irregular streets, once stood the old Electoral Palace, which, with
exception of the tower (restored), was pulled down after a disastrous
fire in 1872. In the Burg-Platz (PI. B, 4) stands the Provincial
and Municipal Library (9-12.30, 3-6 ; Heine collection), which is
to be removed in 1906 to the new building mentioned on p. 24,
and behind this is the Art-Industrial School, built in 1882.
A little to the S. is the Maekbt Place (PI. B, 5), with the
Bathaos, or Town Hall, built by Heinrich Tiissmann in 1570-73
(the W. wing in the French Renaissance style added in 1885). The
council-room (adm. Sun. & Wed., 11-12.30) is embellished with
modern historical frescoes. In front of the Rathaus rises an
equestrian Statue of Elector John William, in bronze, over lifesize,
by Cfrupello (1711), erected according to the inscription by the
citizens, but in reality by the elector himself. — In the neigh-
bouring Bolker-Strasse (No. 53) Heinrich Heine, the poet, was born
in 1799 (d. 1856).
The Church of St. Lambert (PI. B, 4), a Gothic edifice of the
end of the 14th cent., with a tower partly Romanesque, contains at
the back of. the high-altar the Monument in marble of William V.
(d. 1592) and John WilUam UI. (d. 1609), the last two dukes of
Cleve and Berg, erected in 1629. There are also a late-Gothic
Tabernacle and an *Antependium', on a gold ground, representing
the patrons of the church, painted and presented by A, Achenbach,
The Chnroh of St. Andrew (PI. B ; B, 4), formerly the church
of the Court and of the Jesuits, completed in 1629 by Deodat del
Monte, and connected with the old Jesuit College now occupied
by the government-offices, contains the tombs of Count Palatine
Wolfgang William (d. 1653) and Elector John William (d. 1716),
in the choir. Altar-pieces by Deger, Eubner, and W. Schadow.
On the W. side of the old town, between the harbour and the
Rhine Bridge, extends the Bhine Promenade, completed in 1902,
and bearing different names in its different sections (Berger-Ufer,
Rathaus-Ufer, Schloss-Ufer). The Dussel-Sehlosschen (p. 21) and
other buildings are situated here. On the Schloss-Ufer *(No. 41)
stand the Historical Museum (PI. B, 4), with local antiqnities,
views of the town, plans, etc., and the Lbbbeke Museum of natural
history (both open free on Sun. 11-6, Wed. and Sat. 2-6, at other
times 50 pf., closed on Mon.).
The Bhine Bridge (PI. A, B , 4} toll 6pf.), built from the
designs of Prof. Krohn in 1896-98, spans the stream in two arches,
198 yds. in width and 75 ft. above the water-level. The gateways
at each end were designed by Prof. Schill ; the central pier bears a
gigantic Uon, the cognizance of Piisseldorf .
to Cologne. DtJSSELDORF. 2. Houte, 20^
On the N. side of the old town rises the Academy of Art
(PI. B, 4), an imposing Renaissance edifice by Riff art ^ com-
pleted in 1881 (comp^ p. 21; open free on Snn., 12-1, and "Wed.,
11-1 ; at other times 50 pf., more than 1 pars. 25 pf. each). The
principal facade, 520 ft. long, is tnrned towards the Hof-6arten.
On the gronndflooT of the Academy are the remains of the once
famous Galle&y of Old Mastbbs, the greater part of which was
removed to Munich in 1805. The most yaluable paintings are an
Assumption by Rubens (ca. 1620) and Madonnas by Cima da
Conegliarw and Oiov, Bellini, It also contains a large collection of
drawings of every school (14,000 in number) and engravings, and
the Bamboux collection of water-colours. The Aula, on the second
floor, is adorned with good frescoes (the Course of Human Life) by
Peter Janssen (b. 1844), Director of the Academy since 1895.
The old town is separated from the Modbbn Quarte&s on the
E. side by the broad All^e-Strasse (PI. B, 0, 4, 5), in which rise
bronze statues of Emp, William /., Bismarck^ and Moltke,
The Knnifthalle (PI. 4; B, 4), erected in 1881 in the French
Renaissance style by Oiese and enlarged in 1902, with a large mosaic
on the facade (Truth as the foundation of Art, after Fr. Rceber),
contains an Exhibition of Modern Paintings (on sale) as well as the
* Municipal Qallery of modern Diisseldorf masters. On the staircase-
walls are frescoes by C. Gehrts, representing the History qf Art. Adm.
daily 9-6, 50 pf. (free on Wed. after 1 p. m.); catalogue 30 pf.
A. Achenbach^ Landscapes, Fish - market in Ostend: 0. Achenbach^
Funeral at Palestrina and three Italian landscapes; C. Begas^ Exposure
of Hoses; Ed. Bendemann^ W. Camphausen, the painter; Bewer, Beheading
of John the Baptist; Von Boehmann^ Esthnnian landscapes; X. Bokelmann^
Funeral inN. Friesland; F. BrUtt^ Ooudenmed, Visit to a studio; W. Camp-
hauien^ Frederick the Great; Cornelius^ The Wise apd Foolish Virgins,
one of the earliest works, and one of the few oil-paintings executed hy
this master, begun in 1813, formerly in the possession of Thorvaldsen;
Deiker^ Savage dogs; JS. JDUckety Coaat-scene; F. J. Fafferlin, The rejected
suitor (a Dutch interior); W. Firle^ Returning spring awakes new life;
E, von Qd>hardtt Bihlical scenes; /. P. Easenclever^ Wine-tasting, the
master^s last picture; Th. Eildebrandt^ Wappers, the Antwerp painter;
/. HUbner^ Portrait of Prof. Keller; E. ffUnten^ Episode at the Battle of
Gravelotte ; P. Janssen, The monk Walter Dodde and the peasants of Berg
before the battle of Worringen (p. 56); 0. Janssen^ The singer on the
Bhine; B. Jordan^ The first child; A. Kampf^ Frederick the Great and hi3
generals; L. Knaus^ Card -players and a genre-piece; Chr. Kroener^ Land-
scape; F. von Letibach^ Prince Bigmarck; K. F. Lessing^ Landscape with
military scene; A. ifdnnchen. Women breaking stones; W. H. Mesdag^
Sxunmer evening in Scheveningen: Kl. Meyer ^ KL^rry musicians; K. iiilllfry
Annunciation; Afunkdcsy, Study oi a head; i. Jliunihey Two winter-scenes ;
F. Eeuhaus, Helfenstein; /. Niessen, Portrait of Schirmer; A. Normann^
Norwegian Qord; Th. Rocholl^ Stragglers; /. Rdting, Portraits' of W. Schadow
and K. F. Lessing; /. W. Bchirmtr^ ItiJian landscape, Dutch landscape.
Twenty-six Biblical scenes ; A. Behrddter^ Don Quixote before Dulcinea of
Toboso; E. Schulz-Briesen, Arrest; A. Seel^ Church of St. Mark, Venice;
0. 8ohn^ Tasso and the two Leonoras ; A. W. Sohn^ Jesus and the disciples
on the water; A. Tidemand^ Service of the Haugianer in Norway;
B, Vautier, ^Little Obstinate', Peasant and broker. — C. Janssen., Woman
breaking stones (marble group) ; 0. Meunier^ The mower, The ploughman
(bronaes); Rodin ^ The age of brass (bronee), The last sigh (marble).
Q^ Boutt 2. DUS8ELD0RF. From Boiterdam
Tlie Knsenm of IndoBtrial Art (PL B, 4), « building in the
Dutch Renaissance style by C. Hecker, on the N. side of the
Friedrichs-Platz, was completed in 1896; a. wing has been added
to it for the Provincial and Municipal Library (p. 22). It is open
daily, except Mon., 10-4, on Sun. & holidays 10-1 (adm. 20 pf.).
The coUectionB include textile fabrics, lace, embroidery, bindings,
pottery, porcelain, works in iron, and wood-carvings. It also contains a
good Japanese and Indian collection (2nd floor). The series of rooms fitted
up in the old-German, Flemish, Oriental, and other styles is interesting.
On the E. side of the AlMe-Strasse is the handsome Theatre
{Stadt'Theater; PL 0, 4), built in 1874 by Gieae, with statues (by
01. Buscher; 1901) of Mendelssohn, who held the position of mun-
icipal director of music in Diisseldoif in 1833-36, and Immermann
((3. 1840) under whose direction the old theatre enjoyed its first
period of prosperity, on the facade. — Behind the theatre is the
War Memorial, designed by Prof. Hilgers and erected in 1892 in
memory of the campaigns of 1864, 1866, and 1870-71. The in-
scription is by H. Sudermann, the dramatist.
To the S. of this point, in the Cornelius-Platz, rises the bronze
Statue of Cornelius (PL 0, 4), the eminent painter (b. at Dtissel-
dorf, Kurze-Strasse 15, in 1783, d. 1867), by Donndorf, erected in
1879. At the sides of the handsome pedestal are allegorical figures
of Poetry and Religion.
Farther on is the Sohadow-Platz (PL 0, 4, 5), which is em-
bellished with a colossal Btt8« of W, 8chadow (b. 1789, d. 1862), in
bronze, designed by Wittig. — The hall of the Beal-Oymnasium,
or Technical School (PL 0, D, 5), Kloster-Str. 7, is adorned with
a handsome frieze by Ed, Bendemann (admission 50 pf.). — The
Gothic Church of the Immaculate Conception (PL D, 5), in the Ost-
Str., was erected in 1896.
In the K6nigs-Platz (PL 0, 6) is the Protestant Church of
8t John, in the Romanesque style, erected in 1876-81, and the
Ju8tiz-0eb&ade» or court-house, the assize-room in which contains
Schadow^a last great oil-painting (Paradise, Hell, and Purgatory).
From the Comelius-Platz (see above) the KSnigs-Alli^e (PL C,
5, 6), embellished with a group of Tritons by. Fr. CourftiMicr (1902),
leads to the park-grounds at the Schwanenspiegel and Kaiserteich,
Here stands the Provinzlal-St&ndehauB, or House of the Bhenish
Estates (PL B, 6, 7), built in 1879 in the lulian style by Rasch-
dorflf. The bronze group in front of it, by Tiishaus and Janssen
(1897), represents the Rhine and its Tributaries. — In the Flora-
Strasse, which leads to the Flora Garden (p. 21), is the Friedens-
Kirche (PL B, 8), which contains frescoes by Ed. von Gebhardt. —
In the former village of Bilk, to the W., now a part of Diisseldorf,
are the Observatory and the Romanesque church of 8U Martin
(PL A, 7, 8), the oldest part of which dates from the 11th century.
The *Hof-Garten (PL B-D, 3, 4 ; caf^-restaurants, p. 21) was
laid out in 1769, and was extended and altered by M. Weyhe after
bo Cologne. DUSSELDOBF. ?. nouU. 25
the levelling of the fortiflcAtions in 1804-13. The well-kept grounds
extend down to the Rhine on the W., and on the E. to the Jager-
hof (PL D, 4), once a hunting-lodge of the electors (1760). The
stables in the Pempelforter-Str. are tastefully adorned with carved
wood-work.
The Pempelfori Garden (PI. D, 4), once the residence of the
philosopher Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (d. 1819), and visited by
Goethe, Herder, Wieland, and other celebrities of that period, now
belongs to the Malkasten club of artists (founded in 1848).
The new Kaiser Wilhelm Park (PL A, B, 3-1), on the former
island of Golzheim, latterly the site of several industrial and other
exhibitions, is prettily laid out, commanding a view of the broad
river. In the S. comer of the park is the handsome Palace of Art
(p. 21), built in the S. German baroque style, with a handsome
facade 145 yds. in length, a dome 151 ft. high, and a courtyard
surrounded by arcades. The park contains two restaurants, one in
the Palace of Art, the other more to the N. The new buildings for
the supreme court and the government offices are also to be situated
in this park.
To the N.E. of tbe tdwn, about V/t HL. f^om the Gornelius-Platz, and
reached by tramway, lies the Zoological Garden (PI. F,l, 2^ adm 50 pf.;
band on Wed. and Sat. afternoons), tastefully laid out. — At the end of
Graf Becke-6tr. (PI. F, 2) is the Dflsselthal Asylum for homeless children,
formerly a Trappiftt monastery, presented by the government to Ck)unt von
der Recke in 1819, and fitted up by him for its present purpose.
The Grafenberg^All^e (PI. F, 3, 4 5 tramway from the Central Station)
leads to the E. from i)as8eldorf to (2V2 M.) Grafenberg (Eettauranit Jdger-
hau$. Eaardt^ s^nA Birschburff), whh the reservoir of the water -works
and the provincial Lunatic Asylum. — To the N. is the much frequented
Btadt^Wald, stretching as far as Raft and Gerresheim (branch-line see p. 21),
on the W. verge of which is the health establishment of Waldetheim (pens.
6-9 UT).
The ancient town of Kaiierswerth (Rheinischer Eo/)^ with 2461 inhab.,
on the right bank of the Rhine, 6 M. from Diisseldorf (in »/« br. by branch- rail-
way, p. 21), is the seat of a training school for Protestant Sisters of Charity, an
extensive institution, with 250 branches in many different parts of Germany,
founded by the benevolent pastor Fliedner (d. 18(54) in 1836. The old early-
Romanesque Cliurch of Kaiserswerth, a huge columnar basilica with tran-
septs and four towers, dates from the middle of the 11th century. The
choir is an elegant transition adlition of about 1260, while the W. towers
were rebuilt in 1874. The church contains an admirably executed Reliqvary
(1364>, in which the bones of St. JStriibertuSj a native of Ireland who first
preached the Gospel here in 710, are preserved. From the KSnigip/alt^ or
Palace, of Kaiserswerth. the young Emp. Henry IV. was carried o(V in 1062
in a vessel belonging to his austere gtiardian Archbishop Anno. The Emp;
Fredeiick I. rebuilt the casUe in 1174-84) from tbe 13th to the 15th cent.
it was an object of strife between the Counts of Berg and Cleve and the
Elector of Cologne into whose possession it fell in 1464. In 1702 it was
occupied by the French; after its capture by the imperial and Dutch
troops the fortifications were blown up. The nresent extensive remains,
which were fully exposed by excavations in 1899-1901, bdong exclusively
to the period of Frederick I. — Branch-line to Duisburg (9'/? M.) see p. 20.
Railway to Colognb. To the left rises Schloas Eller. Beyond
(156 M.) BenratA (Hesse), among the trees to the right, stands a
26 BouU3. COLOGNE. Practical
handsome royal chiteau erected in 1756-60 by Elector Palatine
Charles Theodore. Beyond (161 M.) Langenfeld the train crosses the
Wupper^ passes the chateau of Reuschenherg (left), and at (165VjM.)
Kiippersteg crosses the Dhun. The Rhine is approached near Schloss
Stammhfim, a chateau of Count Furstenberg.
172 M. H&lheim am Bhein (Hdtel Magdeburg; Brutseler Hop,
a thriving manufacturing town with 50,807 inhab., which owes its
prosperity to the hundreds of Protestants who migrated hither from
Cologne in the early years of the 17th century. The equestrian
statue of Emp. William I., by Buscher, was unveiled in lo98.
From MClheim to Immekbppel, 18«/« M., railway in 1V«-1V< hr. — 2V2 M.
Pellbrilek. — 5Vs H. B«rgiach-OUdbaeh (Bergischer Ho/)^ a siraggling town
with 12,400 inhabitanta. In the vicinity is the Stundertalshohe, a popular
resort. The Cistercian abbey of Altehberg (p, 63) lies 6 M. to the IT. of
Gladbach (carriage there and back 8-9 UV), and 2 H. to the S. of Bvrteheid
fp. 63). — 11 M. Beasberg (ScMm Anuichi; RJuinischer Hcf), a place of
10,400 inhab., possesses a chateau built by Elector Palatine John William
in 1705, now a military schooL In the woods, about 1 M. to the S., is the
Hdiel-Pension Boienburg (pens. 4-6 JT). — The remaining stations are Fort-
bach, ROtraffi, HojStnungtthai^ VhUretchbaeh, and Jtnmekeppel.
From Miilheim to Elber/eld and Barmen, see B. 7.
Below Miilheim the train intersects thd fortifications of Deutz
(p. 55) and crosses the railway-bridge to (175 M.) Cologne.
Steamboat from Diisseldorf to Cologne (6 hrs., in the reverse direction
2V2 ^TS.) tedious, although several places of historical interest are passed.
3. Cologne.
Rail-way Stataoiii. Gbntbal Station (PI. F, 4; *Butawant^ D. from
2 Ji{ Official Tourist Office), a fine building opposite the cathedral, with
an exit into Maxim inen-Btr-, for all the trains on the left bank of the
Rhine and for most of the trains on the right bank. Most of the trains
to Coblenz and Treves also stop at the South Station (PI. 0, 2 ; d. 82)
and the West Station (PI. F, 1 ; p. 82). Right Rhenish Station at Deutz
(PI. E, 6), for branch-lines on tlie right bank of the Rhine. — Porter into
the town: for packages not exceeding lllbs., SOpf. ; not exceeding 56 lbs.,
50 pf.; not exijeeding iiOlbs., 75 pf. — Cabs^ see p. 28.
Steamboat Quays. The steamers of the Cologne A DUsseldorf Steam'
ship Co. (p. xvi) start from the Leystapel (PI. D, 6), 10-12 min. from the
caUiedral and the central station; the fast steamers touch at the Trank<
gassen-Werft (PI. F, 8), 3-4 min. from the central station, only on arriv-
ing in Cologne. The quay of the Dutch steamers (p. xvi) is at the Franken-
Werft (PI. B, 5), 4 min. from the central station. — Porter into the town
or to the railway-station: for hand-bag 10 pf., for trunk up to 55 lbs. 60 pf.,
up to 110 lbs. 80 pf., up to 380 lbs. 1 Jt 20 pf.
Hoteli. — 2^ear the Central Station and the Cathedral: '*H6tbl x>d Kobd
(PI. a \ E, 5). Franken-Platz 4-6, near the iron bridge, with railway-ticket,
post, and telegraph office, and garden, R. 8-6, B. IVzi !>• 4, omn. *U*M;
•HdTBL Du DdMB (PI. i\ E, 4), near the cathedral (comp. p. 38), R. 3i/r7,
B. IV4, "b. i Ji; •HdTEL MoNOPOLE (PI. m; E, 4), Wallrafs-Plate 6, with
caftS and restaurant, R. 3-8, B. 11/4 Ji; ^Kolnbb Hof (H6t. de Cologne;
PI. k, F 4), Bahnhof-Str. 6, opposite the central station, with terrace and
good resUurant, R. 2V«-6, B. IV4 *M; •Savot Hotel (PI. 0| E, 4). Dom-
kloster 2, with good restaurant, R. from 3, B. 11/4, D. from oVt Ji;
*HdTEL Ebnst (PI. e; F, 4), Trankgasse 85 *Wbstminstib Hotel (PI. p;
nuft jpatfnyq^Ejffiaag
/
5 ^^ £rzb ^'
1^' "J"- o -
v-^
A-
Pote.
o
"7^ '] V ■ '.^ ■^- A'
■J I
>n"":;-
Noteit. COLOGNE. 3. RouU. 27
E, 4), Am Hof 24-26, opposite the S door of the cathedral, newly fitted
up in 1905. All these are of the first class, with lift, baths, electric light,
and hot-air heating. — The following are also first-class, but less preten-
tious: •Antonettt {Etcige Lampe <fc Europ&ischerBof; PI. g, F, 4), Komodien-
Str. 3-8, with caf^ and restaurant; *8t. Paul (PI. s ; F, 4), at the comer
of the Bursmaner and Unter Fettenhennen, with good view of the cathe-
dral,- E. 2-3V2, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 6i/»-8 Jtf 'Continental (PI. f: E, 4),
Domhof 18, R. 21/2-6, B. IV4, D. 3 UT. — ♦Bbloiscdkr Hop fPl. yj F, 4),
Komddien-8tr. 9-25, with a much frequented restaurant for Mnnicn beer,
E. from 2»/2 Jf. — Behind the Station: TMinkeva (PI. v; F, 5), Johannis-
8tr. 24, with beer -restaurant,. R. 2y2-5, B. 1, D. 3 Jf; ♦Habm's H^tbl
Tbbminus (PI. F, 4, 6), Hermann-Str. d.
The following are still less pretentious but the best of them are also
fitted np with electric light, hot-air heat ng , etc. : ^Hotbl Mittelhauser
(PI. li F, 4), Mariellen-8lr. 5, R. 2V2-4, B. 1, D. 2%Jt; Rbichshof, Am
Bof 18 (PI. J5, 4), with beer -restaurant, R. 2V4-2y« J(; Bbblinbr Hop,
Marzellen-Str. 19 (PI. F, 4), with restaurant, R. 2-8 UK; Hotel National
(PI. n; F, 4), Marsellen-8tr. 1; Union, Dominikaner 2 (PI. F. 4), R. 2-3, B. 1,
D. 2i/sU»; HdTBL Tils, Andreas-Kloster (PI. F, 4), well spoken of, R. 2-31/2,
B. 1, D. 2Vs *St Frankischeb Hop, Komodien-8tr. 32 (PI. F, 4), with
restaurant, R. A B. h'om 21/2 Jf^ well spoken of, patronized by the
Catholic clergy: Batbisohbr Hop, opposite the Museum (PI. E, 4), plain
but good J Alt-Hsidblbbbg, WaUraf-PlatE; Hotbl M6tbopole, Am Hof 48,
with wine-room. R. 21/3-5, B. 1, D. 3 UT; HdTBL HdFSR, Drususgasse 11
(PI. E.4), R.li/r3Ul(; Cxntral Hotel; Hop von Holland, Hofergasse 11-13,
B. 2-afVt, B. ijf; Albbkoht, Hermann-Str. 1-3, R. 2-3, B. 1 .J, with beer-
restaurant, all these between the central station, and the Rhine (PL F, 4, 5);
Christlighes Hospiz (PI. q ; G, 5), Johannis-Str. 77, R. 11/2-21/2 Jt^ B. 60 pf.,
D. l-li/t, pens. 3-5 Jf. — Hotel Lanqen, Salomonsgasse 13 (PI. E, 4), with
wine-restaurant, commercial; Kaiserhof (PI. u; E, 4), Salomonsgasse 11,
with beer-restaurant, R. 2-21/2, B. 1 J(; Metzbr Hop, Salomonsgasse 18;
Dbdtschbs Hacs, Laurenz-Pla'z (PI. E, 4); Hotel Lowenbrac, Hoch-Str. 20,
with beer-restaurant, R. and B. from 2V2 «#; Hotel Obladbn, St. Agatha 37
(PI. D, 4), R. 11/2-2, B. V«, D. 2 ur.
In the Middle of the Old Town: ^HStbl Disch (PI. b ; E, 4), Brucken-Str. 19,
an old-established, flrst-class hotel, R. from 3ui(; ^Victoria (Pl.d; D.E.5)y
Heumarki 46-50, also first-lass but rather less pretentious, R. 2-4, D. 3.#. —
Hotel Vanderstein Bellen, Heumarkt 20 (PI. D, E, 6), with wine-room,
R. & B. 2V4, D. (incl. wine) 21/4 Ulf; — In the New Town: Eaisbr Fribdrich
(PI. h; C, 2), Salier-Ring 45, with lift, electric light, and hot-air heating,
R. 2-8, B. 1, D. 11/4-3^1; Kaiser Wilhblm (PI. w; Q, 2), Kaiser-Wilhelm-
Ring 43, well situated, with electric light, R. & B. 34 .J, both good family
hotels with wine and beer restaurants. — Pensions: Internationale (b-Q J(),
Andreas-Kloster 27c (PI. F, 4) ; MUller (41/2 6 Jf), Albertns-Str. 37 (PI. E, 3) ;
Bmter (41/3-6 UV), Richard Wagner- Str. 41, HeUbaeh (4i/r6 UV), Bismarck-
Str. 11, both near the Stadtgarten (PI. F, 2).
RftBtanraata* Wins is usually ordered at the following, in addition to
the Hot el- Restaur cmte indicated above. *0. Bettger dt Co., Kleine Budengasse 8
and 10 (PI. E, 4), with oyster-saloon: ".F. Roue., HohenzoUern-Ring 44;
Peters, 8everin-Str. 187 (PI. B, C, 4), good Rhine wine ; Beckmann, Am Hof 38
(PI. Ey 4) ; Altdeuteche Weinkneipe, Am Hof 14 (PI. E, 4) ; Ztur Keovern Boos,
llartin-8tr.26 (PI. D, E,4); /. /. Schoet, Am Hof; Nakatenut, Ludwig-Str. 5-7;
Oifeli, Hohenstaufen-Ring21; Wirle, Limburger-Str. (PI. E, 2). — Bebb is
supplied at the following. ^Fischer, in the arcade off the Hoch-Str. (PI. E,4);
Bientall, at the Belgische Hof (see above), D. I1/4-IV4 •^» Stapelhava
(PI. E, 6; p. 47), at the Frankenwerft, with garden-terrace (military band) ;
Pschorrbrdu. Burghofchen and Hoch-Str. J»; Alte* Praesidium, Schilder-
Ga-'se P4 (PI. E, 4, 3); JSrSnkel, Martin-Str. 24 (Pilsen beer) ; *Neuee Stadt-
theater (PI D, 2). a large garden-restaurant, with band, outside the Hahnen-
Tor (p. 53). — (Cologne Beer: Pdffgen, Priesen-Str.; Zum Bart. Auf dem
Brand; Bchreckenskammer, Johannis-Str.; Zur ZweipanHyBreiie Strasse.
OafiB. Monopole, see p. 26; Palant, Hoch-Str. 117, at the corner of
Minoriten-Str.; Bauer, Hoch-Str. 69, comer of the Perlenpfuhl; Bunge,
28 Routes
COLOGNE.
Practieul
Hoch-Sfr. 9; €af4 de V Europe, at tbe Hotel Anfonetty, see p. 37^ C(n/4
Bontssiay Hohenzollern-Bing 66 (PI. E, 2). — Oonfeetienen. Reich€wd.
Hoch-Str. 154; KaUer, Breite-8tr. 43; *£iffet, Schildergasse 36 (PI. £, 4, 8);
Euer, Hoch-Str. 53.
Plaoee of Becreation (mostly tramway stations, see below). Zoolog'
ical Oarden, with frequented "Bestaurant, see p. 66. Adm. 1 .#, on Sun-
days 50 pf. ; concerts in summer on Tues. A Frid. in tbe evening, on otber
days in the afternoon (in winter on Sun., Wed., and Sat. afternoons only).
Steamers, see p. 29. — Flora Oarden, see p. 55. Admission 50 pf. ; aqua-
rium 25 pf. ; *Bestaui*ant \ concerts daily. Steamers, see p. 29. — Kwfitrgten-
Oartm^ near the Zoological Garden , on the Bhine, at the eorner of tbe
Frobngasse, beside the quay of theHulheim steamers (p. 29); band in the
afternoon. — Stadt-Oavten (PI. F, 1), with good restaurant. — Volks-Oarten
(PI. A, 3, 4), with pretty grounds, concerts in summer, and a restaurant. —
Marienburg. restaurant with grounds (p. 69); adjacent on the Bhine, the
Alteburger MUhUy commanding a fine view. — Stadtwald^ in Lindenthal,
see p. 66.
Theatres. Ifeuet Btadt-TheaUr (PI. D, 2; p. 53), for operas, dramas, and
ballets (Sept Ist-May Slst); AlUt Stadt-Theater (PI. E, 4; p. 48), for comedies
and operettas (Sept. 1st- April 30th); Ruidem-Thetatr (PI. F, 2), modern
dramas, farces, and operettas ; Summer Theatre in the Flora (see above). —
Variety theatres : ReiehghalUn (PI. E, 3), Gertruden-Str. 10, also operettas
and ^Eolner Hanneschen* in summer; Apol^o^ Scbildergasse.
Kusie. The QUrtenich ConeerU (p. 44; seats in the body of the hall
6 •<#, in the gallery 2-3 •#), twelve in winter and six in summer, have
attained a European celebrity. — Two institutions which have earned a high
reputation are the Cotuervatorhm of Mutie (PI. E, 8), Wolf-Str. 3, founded
in 1851, and the M&nner-Oesangvereirty or Men's Vocal Society (p. 48).
Festivals. The Cologne Carnival is famous. Weekly after Jan. 1st
the three chief carnival-societies hold burlesque meetings. A *Procession
takes place on the Hon. before Shrove Tues. ; and on Shrove Tues. there is
a masked ball in the Giirzenich Hall (p. 45; early application for tickets
necessary).
Oab TariflT.
A. Per Drive. Persons :
Drive within Cologne and Deutz, as far as the
new ramparts (bridge-toll 36, return 44 pf.,
extra)
Zoological and Flora Gardens and Bacecourse
B. Bp Time.
For V« !»«•
Each additional Vi br
For a trunk or heavy package 25 pf. ; small articles free. — Double
fares from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m. (in summer 6 a.m.). — For drives to the
subui-bs 50 pf. additional is paid if the cab be not used in returning.
Taxameter Oabs (some of them motor-cabs). Drive of .8(X) metres (ca.
Va M.), 1-2 pers. 50 pf., each 400 m. extra 10 pf. ; drive of 600 m. for 3-4 pers.
(1-4 pers. outside the municipal district) 50 pf., each 300 m. extra l()pf.;
at night 400 m. for 1-4 pers. 50 pf., each 2(0 m. more 10 pf. — Waiting,
10 pf. every 4 minutes. — Luggage under 22 lbs. free; 22-55lbs. 25 pf.;
each addit. 55 lbs. or fraction 25 pf.
Electric Tramways (fare 10-15 pf.). The following are the chief lines
for tourists: 1. (Ufer-Bahn). From the Zoological Garden (p. 66), via the
Kaiser Friedrlch-Ufer (PI. H-F,5, 6), Leystapel (PI. D, b\ and Agrippina-Ufer
(PI. A, 6), to Marienburg (p. 69). — 2. (Rund-Bahn). From the Trankgasse
(PI. F, 5; near the cathedral and central station) vi& Heumarkt (PI. E, D, 5),
Barbarossa-Platz (PI. C, 2), Budolfs-Platz (PI. E, 2), Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring
(PI F, 2), and Gereonsdriesch (PI. F, 3) back to the Trankgau: — 3. (Innen-
Bahn). From the Ubier-Ring (PI. A, 6), via Bayen-Strasse (PI. B, C, 5),
Joseph-Strasse, Im Martinsfeld (PI. C, 3). Neumarkt (PI. D, E, 3), Auf dem
Berlich (PI. E, 8), KlingelpiitB (PI. F, G, 3), and Hansa-Ring to the Deutscher
1 1
2 1
3
4
UTpf.
UTpf.
UTpf.
UTpf.
- 75
1. 25
1 .
1. 25
1. 26
1. 75
M
U -
11- 50
1 -
- 50
1.50
- 76
1. 50
- 75
NoUa. COLOGNE. 3. RouU. 29
Ring (PI. G, H, 6). — 4. (Quer-Buhn). From tbe Volks-Cfarten (PI. A, 3) vi& the
Salier-Ring, weidenbach «P1. C, 3j, Aposteln-Kloster (PI. D. E,2), Breitc-Str.
(PLB, 3,4), the Mueeum (PI. E, 4), Vnterfettenhennen (PI. F, 4), Eigelatein-Tor
PI. G, 4) , and Keusser-8tr. (PI. H, 4) , to the Racteourse (p. 55) , returiimg
hj the same route with a slight deTiation in the middle of it. — 5. (Ring-
Kahn). From the Ubier-Rinff (PI. A, 5), via Radolfs-PJatz (PI. E, 2), Hansa-Ring
(PI. G, H, 8, 4), and Riehler-Strasse (PI. H, 5), to the Zoological Oarden
(p. 5b). — tt. From MaHenburg (p. 69; via Ohlodwigs-Platz (PI. A, 4), Severin-
(Strasse (PI. B, C, 4), Heumarkt (PI. D, E, 6), Trankgasse (cathedral station),
Komadien-Strasse (PI. F, 4), and Friesen -Plata (PI. F, 2), to Ehrenfeld
(p. 16) — 7. From the Neumarkt (PI. I), E, 3) via Rudolfs-Plats (PJ. K, 2)
to lAndmthca (Siadtwald, p. 55). — 8. From the Nwmarkt via Rudolfs-
Plat2 and Melaten (Cemetery, p. 55) to Miingersdorf.
Bteam Tramways. 1. From the Schaafen-Str. (PI. D, 2), via Lindenthal^
Benzehrath, and MSdrath, to Borrem (p. 15) nr BlattJieim. — 2. From the
Barbarossa-Platz (PI. C, 2) via BrUM (p. 81), to Bonn (* Vorgebirgsbahn^ ;
comp. p. 81).
Local Steamers ply frequently between Cologne and Miilheim (p. 25;
10 and 5 pf.), starting from the bridge-of-boats (PI. D, E, 5), and touching
at the Trankgasse Wharf (PI. F, 5) , and near the Zoological and Flora
gardens (p. 55^ 15 pf.); also on summer-afternoons f^om the Holzwerft
(PI. D, 5) to Marienburg (p. 89 ; 20 pf., there and back 35 pf.). — Ferry to
Deutt (PI. D, 5, 6), 5 pf. and 3 pf.
Bathi. The Hohenstaufen-Bady in the Hohenstaufen-Ring (PI. D, 2), is
excellently fitted up; large swimming-baths for ladies and gentlemen.
Ludwig$-Badj Hoch-Strasse. — Baths in the Rhine, by the bridgc-of-boats
(also warm baths); in Dentz, near the bridge-of-boats, with swimming-
baths and accommodation for ladies.
Post and Telegraph Office (Haupt- Fostamt; PI. F, 4; p. 52), in the
Dominikaner-Str.
San de Cologne. This celebrated perfume is said to have been in-
vented by /. Ji, Farina of Domodossola in 1709, while another tradition
asserts that it was first brought to Germany in 1690 by Paul de FeminU.
The claim of the firms manufacturing it to the name of Farina is some-
times very indirect. The oldest firm is Joharm Maria Farina^ orposite
the Julichs-Platz (Obenmarspforten 23).
Xzhibition of Paintings of the Kurut-Verein^ in the museum (p. 42),
and at Ed. Schulte's, Richartz-Str. 16 (PI. E, 4; adm. 50 pf.), Al. Baldavfs,
Iloch-Str. 161, and Lenobel, Kreuzgasse 22. — Among the numerous Private
OoUections may be mentioned those of Baron Albert vo» Oppenheim and Berr
ScfinUtgm, which are generally shown to lovers of art on previous application.
American Consul: Mr. Hiram J. Dunlap; vice-consul, Mr. Chat. Le-
iimpU. — British Consul : Eerr C. A. Nieuen^ Domhof 6 (also foreign banker).
English Ghureb Serviee in the Chapel in the Hdtel du Kord Grounds,
lUschofsgarten-Str. 3. Hours of Service, varying according to notice, at 8.30,
11, and 6, in winter and summer. Chaplain, Rev. H. C. Dbicnman^ Hotel
du l^ord.
Bnglish Physicians: Dr. BalU Rohrergasse 32; Dr. Prior ^ Kaiser-
Wilhehn-Ring 18. — American Dentists : E. C. Merrill A John W. Oale,
Hohensollem-Rlng 79; Dr. Wm. Patton, Gereon-Str. 34; Dr. Jos. Merckene,
Hohenzollern-Ring 2. — Chemists : 0. Conizen (Dom-Apotheke) Komodien-
Str. 1; B. Wrede, Wallrafs-Platz 1 (both speak English).
Tourist Agents : Thomas Cook d- Son, H6t. du Dome (p. 26 ; also foreign
bankers); C A A'iessen (see above; General- Agent of the S.E. A Chatham
Railway).
Oolleotiona and objects of Interest.
•Cathedrca, see p. 32.
Ctt^ lAbrary (p. 50), Mon.-Frid. 10-1 and 4-8, Sat. 10-1.
Ethnographical Museum^ RaiUenstrauch-JoesCs (p. 53), daily 9-5, adm 50 pf.,
Sun. free.
OUrtenieh (p. 44), 1-2 pers. 50 pf. each, a party 40 pf. each.
fndttstrica Art Library (p. 54), week-days 10-12 and 7-10.
30 Routed, CQLO0NB. BMofy.
Museum, ArehUpUeopdl (p. 38) , week-days d-6 (winter 104) , adm. 50 pf..
Sun. & holidays 10-2, adm. 30 pf.
Museum, Eistorieai (pp.63, 56), daily 9-5 (Oct.-Marcli 104), adm. free on Sun.
A Wed., other days 60pf. 5 closed on Sun. 1-2.30 p.m., on Mon. before
noon, and on Jan. 1st, ^Garniyal Monday' (p. 28), Good Friday, Easter
Sunday, Whitsunday, Christmas Day, and Boxing Day.
*Musewn of Industrial Art (p. 54). open as the Historical Museum; gratis.
Museum of Natural History (p. 47), open as the Historical Museum.
"Museum Wallraf-Richartz (p. 39), open as the Historical Museum.
Eaihaus (p. 43), open on same terms as the Giirzenich.
Rdmergang (p^ 43), daily until 10 p.m. by electric light; adm. 50 pf.
Zoologiccd Oarden, see p. 55.
Frincii>al Attraction! : Cathedral, interior, and walk round the external
choir-gallery (p. 32)-, Museum (p. 39); Hoch-Strasse (p. 42); Rathaus (p. 43);
MoUke Monument (p. 43); Giirzenich (p. 44); St. Maria im Capitol (p. 45);
thence proceed to the Neumarkt and past the Church of the Apostles (p. 4Q)
to St. Oereon (p. 50) ; walk or drive in the new Ring-Strasse (p. 53) and across
one of the RMne Bridges; Flora or Zoological Garden (p. 55). A visit to the
chief sights of Cologne occupies two days, and is conveniently accomplished
in the order followed below. The best time for the churches is the morn-
ing after 10 o'clock. The services of valets-de-place are quite superfluous.
Afternoon excursions may be made to Altetilberg (p. 63), ScJUoss Brilhl (p. 81),
and Weiden.
Cologne (120 ft., Germ. Coin or K'oln'), the largest town in the
Rhenish Province of Prussia , the residence of an archbishop , and
one of the most important commercial places in Germany, is a fort-
ress of the first class, with 428,503 inhabitants (five-sixths of whom
are Roman Catholics), including a garrison of 8000 men and the
suburbs. It lies on the left bank of the Rhine, across which a bridge-
of-boats and an iron bridge lead to Deutz (p. 55). From a distance,
and especially when approached by steamboat, the town with its
numerous towers presents a very imposing appearance, but most of
the old streets are narrow and gloomy. Many of them, however,
contain interesting specimens of domestic architecture, dating
from the 16th, 15th, and even the 13th century. The development
of the town received a great impetus in 1881, when the adoption of
a farther advanced line of fortifications literally doubled the area
of the town-domain, and also in 1888 by the incorporation of the
suburbs of BayenthcU, Lindenthalj Ehrenfeldf Nippes, and Deutz.
Large harbour-works and wharves were constructed on the river-
side of the town in 1892-98.
History. Cologne was founded by the TJbii, at the time when they
were compelled by Agrippa to migrate from the right to the left bank of
the Rhine (B. 0. ^), and by the erection of the Ara Ubiorum here it became
the religious centre for the German peoples. In A. D. 51 Emp. Claudius,
at the request of his wife Agrippina, founded here a colony of Roman
veterans, which at first was called Golonia Claudia Augusta AgHppinensit^
afterwards shortened into Colonia Agrippinensis, and (by the 5th cent.) into
Colonia. It was the seat of the Legate of Oei*mania Inferior, The Roman
city-walls, constructed in the time of Claudius, enclosed the rectangle be-
tween St. Maria in Capitol (PI. D, 4), the Cathedral (PI. F, 4), the Riimer-
turm (PI. F, 3; p. 50). and the S. end of the Kleine Oriechenmarkt (PI. C, 3).
In 308 Constantine tlie Great began a stone bridge over the Rhine, which
connected Marspforten with what was then the island of St. Martin, and
thence crossed to Castra Divitensia (Deuta). This bridge was afterwards
destroyed by the Normans, and finally removed by Archbishop Brunu
AH HUtory. COLOGNE. 3, RouU. 31
(see p. 49). From the end of the fifth century Oologne belonged to the
kingdom of the Franks, and it was long occupied by the Ripuarian kings.
Charlemagne raised the bishopric, which had been founded here in the
fourth century, to an archbishopric, the first archbishop being the imperial
chaplain Bildebold^ who built the oldest cathedral church, and preseiM«d
to it a valuable library, which stiU exists (p. 88).
The archbishops soon began to lay claim to political as well as
ecclesiastical power, and endeavoured to construe the privileges granted
to them by the Emperor into unlimited jurisdiction over the city. In
consequence of these pretensions they were continually at variance with
the citizens, and their quarrels usually assumed the form of sanguinury
feuds, particularly under Anno II. (1056-75), PkiUpp von Heinsberg (1167-91),
Conrad von ffoehstaden (1238-61), Engelbert von Falkenburg (1361-74), and
Biegfritd von WMterburg (1275-97). The long contest was decided in favour
of municipal independence by the battle of -Worringen (1288 \ see p. 66),
and the archbishops were compelled to transfer their residence to Briihl
(p. 81), and afterwards to Bonn (p. 86). They retained, however, the highest
jurisdiction and other rights, and the citizens continued to take the oath of
allegiaBce, *so long as they should be maintained in the rights and privileges
handed down to them by their forefathers'. The conflicts carried on in
the town itself, between different noble families or between the nobles
and the guilds, were still more violent. It was not till 1396, when the
guilds ginned a decisive advantage , that there was a cessation of hostil-
ities (oomp. p. 48). Its vigorous fund of vitality is shown by the fact
that, in spite of all these troubles, Cologne was unquestionably one
of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in Oermany at the end of
the i5th century. Its commerce, especially its trade with London, where
it possessed warehouses at the (^uUdhall, was of the greatest importance.
At an early date Cologne became incorporated with the ffameatie Leagtie,
in which it contested the supremacy with Liibeck. The weights and
measures of Cologne were in use in almost every Rhenish, Westphalian,
and Dutch town. A fair held at Cologne at Easter attracted visitors from
all parts of Europe, and even from beyond the sea.
In the course of its medieeval history Cologne may boast of having
twiee been a cradle of Oerman Art. The first occasion was about the
middle of the 12th century, when the ecclesiastical enthusiasm shown by
the acquisition of the relics of the Magi, and also the civic love of splendour
found expression in a highly-developed style of Abchitxctdbb, calculated for
picturesque effect (comp. p. xxviii). One after another the larger churches
were remodelled, special attention being devoted to the choir. The best spe-
cimen of this period of architecture is presented by the Apastel-Kirehe, as
seen from the ITeumarkt Daring the 13th cent, the taste for building con-
tinued and led to a restoration of the Cathedral^ in which, however, the
traditional Romanesque architecture was abandoned for the new Gothic
style, emanating from France and then spreading rapidly throughout Europe.
From the close of the 14th cent, onwards, Cologne enjoyed a second golden
era of art, chiefly confined to the province of Painting (comp. p. xxxi).
The municipal archives preserve the names of a great number of painters,
but only in a very few instances can any of these be definitely attached
to existing pictures. Among the best known are MeitUr Wilhelm (d. about
1880), Stephan Lochner (d. 1451 : comp. p. 87), and the MoMter of the Life of
th$ Vir^ (flourished ca. 1460-90). The most famous pictures of this school
in Cologne are the Dombild (p. 37), the Madonna of the Priests' Seminary
(p. 39), and the Hadonna In an arbour of roses (p. 40). — The taste for
architecture was not extinct even at a later period. The porch of the
Rathaus, for example, is an interesting specimen of the German Renais-
sance. Hot only were old churches renovated, but occasionally new ones
were built. Prior to 18()1, when many of them were secularised, Cologne
Eossessed more than 100 churches, which, of course, could only be kept
1 repair by constant care and attention. — In the province of Soibnoe,
C<^gBe held by no means so high a place as in that of art. The univer-
•1% founded In 1888, acquired, as the chief seat of the opposition
to Bumanism in the contest of Reuchlin with the Obscurantists , a wide
32 RouU 3, COLOGNE. a, CathedKd,
but far from enviable reputation. It was suppressed at the close of the
18th century.
After the 16th century Cologne declined, at first gradually, and after-
wards rapidly. In common with the rest of the Uanseatie towns its
commerce lost its former importance. Continual internal discords, leading
to the banishment in 1608 of the Protestants, who settled at Crefeld,
Elberfeld, Dusseldorf, and Miilheim, proved rery prejudicial to the
interests of the city. It retained, however, its privileges as a free
imperial city until its occupation by the French (6th Oct., 1794). By the
peace of Campo Formio(17th Oct., 1797) it was incorporated with France.
— It was not till after 1815, under Prussian rule, that Cologne began to
revive. The rapid progress of its steamboat and railway systems, and
the enterprise of the citizens, many of whom possess great wealth, have
combined to make Cologne the centre of the Rhenish trade and one of
the most considerable commercial cities in Germany.
a. Cathedral and Kuieum.
The **Cathedralt, or Dom (PL E, F, 4), which justly excites
the admiration of every beholder, and is probably the most magni-
ficent Gothic edifice in the world, stands on a slight eminence about
60 ft. above the Rhine, partly composed of Roman and Prankish
remains, near the Central Station. It is dedicated to St. Peter. As
early as the 9th century an episcopal church (see p. 31) occupied
this site, but in course of time the inhabitants regarded it as
unworthy of the rapidly increasing size and prosperity of their city.
The Archbishop St. Engelbert first entertained the project of erecting
a new church here, but in consequence of his untimely death in
1225 (see p. 36) it was never executed. His second successor Conrad
of Hochstaden (see p. 36), after the old church had been severely
injured by a conflagration, at length laid the foundation-stone of
the present structure with great solemnity on 14th Aug., 1248. The
designer of this noble work is believed to have been Meister Gerard, to
whom the Chapter made a grant in 1257 in recognition of his services.
The choir was the first part of the building proceeded with.
The work progressed slowly, Gerard's successors, Meister Arnold and
his son Meister Joharm, being seriously hampered by the struggles be-
tween the archbishops and the citizens (see p. 31). The stone used
in the building was quarried in the Dracheufels (see p. 94). Oa
27th Sept., 1322, the choir, which had been temporarily terminated
by a lofty wall towards the west, was solemnly consecrated by
Archbishop Heinrichy Count of Virneburg. The builder soon
t Travellers are recommended not to engage any of the numerous
valets-de-place who hover about, in and near the cathedral, as their serv-
ices are unnecessary. The nave and transept (with the stained-glass
windows) are open the whole day, but walking about is forbidden during
divine service, tiie hours of which vary (but regularly on week-days 9-10 a.m.
and 3-3.30 p. m.). Tickets to visit the choir (best light in the morning) and
treasury (I'/s Jt each person) are sold by the ^Domsehweizer', or attendants
stationed in the cathedral. Hours of admission : from 1st May to 30th Sept.
on Mon.-Frid. 10-11 a.m., 12.30-3, 3.30-7 p.m. \ Sat. 10-11 a m., 12.30-2.30 p.m. ;
Sun. 12-1.30, 6-7 p.m. ; from 1st Oct. to 30th April Mon.-Frid. 10-11, 11.30-1,
3.30-5; Sat. 10-11, 11.30-1 5 Sun. 12-1 p.m. — Ascent to the upper gallery,
the towers, etc., see p. 38. — No fees need be given.
a. (ktthedfdL
COLOGNE,
a. Route, 33
prooeeded to lay the foundations of the N. and (in 1325) S.
tiansepts, while at the same time the old church was gradually
lemoYed. In 1388 the nave was sufficiently advanced to be tem-
porarily fitted up for service, and in 1447 the bells were placed
in the S. tower. Subsequently the enthusiasm subsided, and by
i. Engelbert Chapel. 2. Haternus Oh. 3. Oh. of St. John. 4. Oh. of the Three
Kings. 5. Oh. of St. Agnea. 6. Oh. of St. Michael. 7. Oh. of St. Stephen. 8. Gh.
of the Virgin. 9. Treasury. 10. Sacristy. 11. Chapter House. 12. Library.
the end of the 15th century all hope of seeing the church completed
was abandoned. The unfinished building was provided with a tem-
porary roof about 1508, and in the 17th and 18th cent, the interior
was decorated In the degraded style of the period. The uncompleted
structure became more and more dilapidated. In 1796 the building
BAKDBKRft's Rhine. 16th Edit. 3
34 Route 3. COLOGNE. * a. Cathedral.
was converted by the French into a hay-magazine, its rain being
rendered more complete by the abstraction of the lead from the roof.
Frederick William III. and IV., Kings of Prassia, at length
rescued the desecrated edifice from total destruction. The former,
at the suggestion of Sulpice Boisser^e, caused it to be examined by
the eminent architect Schinkel in 1816, and gaye orders to preserve
the building as it then was. The work of restoration was not begun
till 1824. It was carried on successively under the superintendence
of AAief((d. 1833), ZwirnerQi. 1861), andfi. Fotj^i (1829-1902).
Zwirner was the first to form the project of completing the cathedral,
an idea hailed with general enthusiasm. The foundation-stone of
the new part of the building was laid on 4th S^pt. , 1842, and on
15th Oct., 1880, the completion of the cathedral was celebrated in
the presence of the Emperor William I. and almost all the sovereign
princes of the German Empire. The entire sum expended between
1842 and 1880 amounted to upwards of 900,000^., the greater part
of this amount being defrayed by government, the remainder by
private subscriptions, societies, and the proceeds of a lottery.
Though thus in one sense largely a modern building, the cathedral
was planned essentially as it stands in the 14th century.
The cathedral is a cruciform structure (see Plan, p. 33), the
nave being flanked with double, and the transept with single aisles.
Total length 167 yds., breadth 67 yds., length of transepts 94 yds.,
height of the walls 150 ft., height of the roof 201 ft., height of the
central tower rising over the crossing 357 ft. The W. towers are
515 ft. in height (comp. p. 38). This enormous mass of masonry
is enlivened by a profusion of flying buttresses, turrets, gargoyles,
galleries, cornices, foliage, etc.
The W. Facade, which has been cotopleted entirely in accord-
ance with the still extant original designs of the 14th cent, with its
two huge towers, is a superb example of strictly consistent Gothic
workmanship. The towers consist of four stories, of which the three
lower are square in form, while the fourth is octagonal, crowned
with elegant open spires.
The largest of the Bells in the S. tower is the Kaiser- OloekeyWiiicb.
was cast in 1874 with the metal of French guns , and weighs 27 tons &
24 ringers are required to set ifc in motion. The next two in point of
size, cast in 1447 and 1448, weigh 11 and 6 tons.
The Ptincipal Portal is 96 ft. in height and 31 ft. in width ;
the side-portals 38 ft. high and 18 ft. wide ; the central window 48
ft. high and 20 ft. wide. The portal of the S. tower was decorated
in the beginning of the 15th cent, with excellent sculptures, prob-
ably by Meister Conrad Kuyn, The bronze doors were modelled by
Schneider of Cassel, and cast at Iserlohn in 1891-92. — The arms of
the transept are terminated by the N. and S. portals, which were
completed in 1859 , having been built entirely from Zwirner's
designs, as the original plans were no longer extant. The N. Portal
is executed in a simple style ; the beautiful bronze ^Doors, from
tf. Cathedral. COLOGNE* 3: Route, 35
t!ie designs of Mengetberg of tJtrecht, were cast at Stnttgart (1891).
The *S. Portal, with bronze doors after Schneider'd designs (p. 34),
is elaborately decorated, and embellished with statues designed by
Sehwanthaler.
The Choir f completed in 1322, and flanked with seven chapels,
is sabstan^ally a repetition of that of the cathedral of Amiens, bnt
some of its details are eyen more perfect in form. In its lower parts
it exhibits the simple and dignified forms of the early Gothic style^
while in the npper parts the full magnificence of the consummated
art is displayed.
The •♦Intbbiob, which is borne by 56 piUars, is 130 yds. in
length. The nave is 16 yds. wide from the centre of one pillar to
that of the one opposite, and 148 ft. in height^ each of the innet
aisles is 9 yds., each of the outer 7^2 T^«> ^^^^ ; ^A^h of the four
aisles is 60 feet high. The area of the interior is 7400 sq. yds.
The effect produced by the en9€mble is singularly impressive.
Nate and Tbanbbpt. The large stained-glass window above the
W. portal , executed by Milde of Liibeck, was presented in 1878
by Emp. Frederick in., when Crown Prince. The five stained-glass
♦Windows in the N. (left) aisle, executed in 1508 and 1509, and
presented by Archbishop Philipp von Daun-Oberstein, the town
of Cologne, Archbishop Hermann of Hesse, and Count Philipp von
Yirneburg, are among the finest examples of the kind now extant.
The subjects are: 1. Passion and Resurrection of Christ; below,
St. Lawrence, Madonna and Child, and the donors. 2. Life of St.
Peter, and Tree of Jesse; below, St. Sebastian and an archbishop.
3. Adoration of the Shepherds; below, SS. George, Reihold, Gereon,
and Maurice, with Agrlppa and Marsilius, the traditionary founders
of Cologne. 4. Visit of the Queen of Sheba to Solomon, the Three
Magi ; below, St. Peter in the papal chair, the Archbishop of Cologne ^
the Madonna, and SS. EMzabeth and Christopher, patron saints of
Hesse. 5. Coronation of tfce Virgin, St. John the Evangelist, St.
Peter, SS. Mary Magdalen and George, and the donor with his two
Wives. — The five beautiful modern windows of the S. aisle, with
representations firom New Testament history, by Joseph Fischer and
Hetlweger, were presented in 1848 by King Lewis L of Bavaria. —
The first window on the W. side of the S. Transept was in 1856
filled with stained glass, executed like the preceding in Munich, to
the memory of Joseph von Gorres (1776-1848), .^catholiese veritatis
defensori generoso*. The second window and the one opposite it,
representing respectively scenes from the lives of ^St. Peter and
St. Paul, were erected bv the directors of the two leading railway-
companies at Cologne, xo the left of the latter is a window with
SS. Sixtus and Hilarins. The modern stained-glass windows above
the S. Portal, presented by the Emp. William I., were executed in
Berlin; those of the N. portal, commemorating the elevation of
Archbishop von Geissel of Cologne to the rank of cardinal, are of
3*
36 Route 3. COLOGNE. <r. Cathedral.
Cologne workmanship. — The old stained glass on the W. side of
the N. Transept is from several ancient chnrches of Cologne, now
demolished.
The statues on the pillars of the yestibale , the nave » and the
transept represent prophets, apostles, and saints. — By a pillar of
the S. transept stands a Statue of8t» ChrUtopher, about 10 ft highj
dating from the beginning of the 16th century. The first carved
altar (1520) by the E. wall of this transept, in the late-Gothic style,
is from tiie church of St Maria ad Gradus- (pulled down in 1817) j
the second altar is of Westphalian origin (16th cent).
The Choib is separated from the nave by an iron railing. We
enter by the N. (left) door. Consoles projecting from the 14 pillars
of the central part, or High Choir proper, bear Statues of Christ,
Mary, and the Apostles, dating from the 14th cent, and repainted
in 1840. The nine frescoes in the spandrels, executed by Steinle
in 1843, represent Angel Choirs in the ecclesiastical symbolic style;
they are best seen from the gallery of the choir (p. 38). The walls
behind the carved-wood Choir Stalls (14th cent.) are covered with
mural paintings of the same period, concealed by silken tap^try
worked after Ramboux' designs. Brasses mark the burial-places of
Archbishop von Spiegel (d. 1835), Cardinal von Geissel (d. 1864),
Cardinal Paul Melchers (d. 1895), Cardinal Philip Krementz
(d. 1899), and Hubertus Simar (d. 1902). — The High AUar,
restored in the original style in lo99, is surmounted by the old
^Altar of St Clara', with a fine wood-carving of the Passion ; the
wings are adorned vrlth paintings of the school of Meister Wilhelm.
Above the triforlum of the choir is a series of admirable old Stained
Glass Windows f representing the kings of Judah, etc. (ca. 1300).
— The mosaic Pavement of the choir, of the ambulatory, and of the
crossing was executed from designs by Essenwein.
Choib Chafbls. In front of the sacristy is the sarcophagus of
Archbishop EngeU>ert von der Mark (1364-68), with a fine figure in
sandstone.
1. The Chapel of St, Engelbert (fijst to the left, N. side), con-
tained down to 1633 the remains of Archbishop Engelbert von Berg,
who was assassinated by Friedrich von Isenburg on the Gevelsberg
near Schwelm4n 1225 (comp. p. 38). The carved altar dates from
the 16th century. The tomb of Archbishop Anton vofi Schauenbwrg
(d. 1661) is worthy of notice.
2. Chapel of St. MaUmus, Tomb of Archbishop Philip von Heins*
berg (d. 1191), with a good statue of the 14th century. The form
of this monument refers to the fact that the city- walls were begun
under this ari^bishop. The altar-piece is by Barthol. de Bruyn
(1548).
3. Chapel of St. John, *Tomb of Archbishop Conrad von Hoch"
staden (d. 1261) , founder of the cathedral , witii the figure of the
deceased in bronze (restored in 1847), from the first half of the
o. Cathedral. COLOGNE. 3. Route. 37
15th century. Aboye tlie altar are mural paintings of the 14tli cent-
ury. Under glass In a massive oaken frame is here preserved the
original sketch on parchment of the W. facade of the cathedral with
the two towers in their completed form. Part of this interesting
design was found at Darmstadt in 1814, the rest at Paris in 1816.
4. Chapel of the Magi, with a handsome railing by Mengeberg,
and frescoes (restored) and stained glass of the 14th century. Here
were formerly preserved the *Bones of the Magi* or *Three Kings',
which were brought by the Empress Helena to Constantinople. They
were afterwards taken to Milan, and in 1164 presented by Frederick
Barbarossa to Archbishop Reinald von Dassel, by whom they were
removed to Cologne. This is the origin of the three crowns in the
city's arms. The reliquary in which they are preserved is now in
the treasury (p. 38). The chapel contains a modern Gothic altar,
embellished with carvings (the Magi, etc.) of the 14th century. On
the S. side is the tomb of Archbishop Ernest of Bavaria (d. 1612).
The other electors of the House of Bavaria repose outside this
chapel. The heart of Marie de MSdicis (p. 48) is also buried under
a stone without inscription in front of the chapel. — Opposite,
at the back of the high-altar, is the tomb of Archbishop Dietrich
von MBrs (d. 1463).
' 5. Chapel of St. Agnes, with old stained-glass windows, restored
in parts, and noteworthy mural paintings of the 14th cent., also
restored. In the middle of the chapel is the Gothic Sarcophagus
of St. Irmgardis (11th cent.).
6. Chapel of St. Michael, also with 8tained!-glass windows pieced
together from old fragments. Marble tombstone of Archbi^op Wal"
ram of JulicH (d. 1349). Marble statue of the imperial general Von
Hochkirchen (who fell at Landan in 1703), by the Florentine For-
tini. — This chapel contains the celebrated **Dom6iW, a large winged
picture, painted by Stephan Loehner before 1460, representing tihe
Adoration of the Magi in the centre, St. Gereon^nd St. Ursula on
the wings, and the Annunciation on the outside.
This is doabtless tbe picture alladed to in Diirer's diary of his tra-
vels in the Low Coxmtrie^, in which he mentions his paying two *weiss-
pfennige' to see the picture which ^Meifter SUffen' had painted at Co-
logne. Heister Stephan or Stephan Loehner was a native of Meersbnre on
the Lake of Constance, who seems to have settled at Cologne abont 1443.
In 1448 he was elected a municipal senator by his guild, and he died
before the end of 1451. The picture, which is of Imposing dimensions,
occupies an intermediate position between the ideal conceptions of
mediseval times, and the modem realism introduced by the Dutch school.
As the finest work of the Early German School, it has received great
attention from connoisseurs, and justly occupies an important place in the
history of art. It was in the Rathaus Chapel (p. 44) until the period of
the Prench Bevolution.
7. Chapel of St. Stephen, with frescoes and stained glass of the
14th cent, (restored). Stone sarcophagus of Archbishop Oero(d. 976),
with a mosaic of the 10th cent., a relic of the old cathedral. Mural
tomb of Archbishop Adolf von Schauenburg (d. 1666).
38 Boute3. COLOGNE. a. CathcdraU
8. Chapel of the Virgin or Small Choir of Our Lady (properly
speaking the last bay of the outer S. aisle). The altar, which was
designed by Zwimer in 1856, is adorned with Overbeck^s Asaump^
Hon, On the S. wall is the so-called Madonna of Milan^ a German
work of the 14th century. •— Near the altar is the monument of
ArchbUhop Frederick ofSaarwerden (d. 1414), consisting of a figure'
of the archbishop in bronze on a sarcophagus admirably decorated
with figures of saints, the whole restored in 1847. — Tombstone
of Archhiahop Beinald vonVasael (d. 1167; see p. 37), upon which
the marble statue of Archbishop Wilhelm von Oennep (d. 1362) was
placed in 1842. Opposite is the sarcophagus of Count Oottfried
von Amsberg (d. 1368),
The Bacrutv^ entered from the N. ambulatory, contain^ a fine ciborium
and ancient stained glass from old churches of Cologne.
The Treasury (adjoining the sacristy on the left; adm., see p. 33)
contains the golden *ReUqtiary of the Magiy a costly specimen of Roman-
esqne workmanship in the form of a basilica, probably executed in the
years 1190-1200. It was seriously injured in 1794, when carried away
for concealment from the French, and was unskilfully restored in 1807.
The silver Shrint of St. EngelbtiH^ in the style of the Renaissance, dates
from 1633. — On the end-wall, to the left, are several ecclesiastical banners
(banner of the Hagi, 1897) and the so-dalled war-banner of Byssus, an
embroidery ascribed to the 10th cent. ; the Adoration of the Magi, a bronze
relief of 1516. — On the entrance-wall, in the cabinet to the right: Sword
of Justice (15th cent.), borne by the Electors of Cologne at imperial corona-
tions in Frankfort^ processional cross (12-Uth cent); bishops* staved (8th,
14th, and i7th cent.) ; Gothic monstrance (14th cent.) ; Renaissance monstrance
presented by Pius IX. in 1848; elaborate altar- cross (17th cent.}*, and
vestments. In the cabinet to the left : Ten admirably-carved ivory tablets
by Melchior Paulus (1703^), with scenes from the Passion; reliquary of
the 1&-I7th cent.; *Oieulutn PacU in the Renaissance style, decorated with
enamels, pearls, and precious stones; monstrance of the 17th cent., l9V«lbs.
in weight, thickly set with precious stones ; mitres. — The desk-case con-
tains ancient printed works and MSS., including a MS. of the Gospels
(Uth cent.) and a Prankish breviary (12th cent.).
The former Record C/icanberj to the right of the sacristy, contains a
valuable collection of ecclesiastical ornaments in carved oak cabinets.
The Cathedral Library contains 218 MSS. (7-16th cent.), including the
Hildebold Codices^. returned from Darmstadt in 1868 (comp. p. 81).
The visitor should not omit to walk round the * Inner Qallery of the
Choir and those on the Exterior of the Choir, or to ascend the Central or one
of the W, Towere (ascent from the outside, on the £. side of the S. transept ;
cards of admission i Jif on Sun. open from 9 or 10 to 2 only), as a better
idea may thus be formed of the grandeur of the structure. The external
gallery, or better still the open gallery of the central, tower, commands
an extensive *Vibw over the sea of houses, the plain intersected by the
Rhine, aad the Seven Mts. in the distance.
In the garden on the terrace behind the choir are some architectural
fragments, discarded in the process of restoration, which will serve to
convey some idea of the colossal proportions of the edifice.
To the S. of the cathedral is the HdUl du Dome (p. 26). The
Beinselmdnnchen Fountain (PI. H Bj E, 4), by E. and H. Renard
(1900), in the adjoining street known as Am Hof, illustrates a local
fairy tale, well Tersifled by Kopisoh.
The Arohiepiseopal Knsenin (PL £, 4; adm., see p. 30), op-
opposite the S. gate of the cathedral, is established in a chapel.
a. Museum, COLOGNE. 3. Route, 39
formerly belonging to the Atchiepiseopal Palaee and re-eieeted in
1665. It contains a collection of ecclesiastical and other objects of
medisBval art, sculptures, MSS., and paintings, of -which the most
Yaluable is tiie *Virgin with the violet, belonging to the Priests*
Seminary, probably by Stephan Lochner (p. 37). On l^e first floor
is an exhibition of church Testments.
The W. end of the Dom-Klostbb (PI. F, 4), the space in front
of the W. fagade of the cathedral, commands the best view of the
facade and the towers. We cross the Wallrafs-Platz to the S.W.,
and reach the —
^WaUraf-Bicliartz Kugenm fPl. E, 4), built in the English
Gothic style by Felten in 1855-61 , and adorned with statues of
eminent natives of Cologne, The central building faces the N.,
while at the back are two wings, including the handsome late-
Gothic cloisters of the Church of the Minorites (p. 42). In the
garden in front of the museum is the E, side-portal of the Pfaffen-
tor (p. 45), and near it are bronze statues (by W. Albermann ; 1900)
of Herr Bichartz (d. 1861), a wealthy merchant who provided the
funds for the museum-building, and Canon F. Wallraf (d. 1823),
who bequeathed his collection of art to the town. — Adm., see p. 30.
Printed guide (1905), 20 pf. ; catalogue of the paintings (1902),
50 pf. — Director, Prof, JT. Aldenhoven,
Oround Floor and Cloisters : Collection of Antiquities. From the entrance-
hall, in which, on the right and left of the staircase, are marble basts o£
Wallraf and Bichartz, by Bldser. we descend to the —
LowKR Gloistbbs. The K. (front) wing contains Roman antiquitiea
discovered at Cologne (ist-4th cent. A.D.). In the central cases are objects
found in closed graves 5, between these, a built-up tomb from the street
of tombs at Aix-la-Ghapelle. In Anteroom V. are mosaic pavements, in-
cluding the **Mosaic of the Sages\ showing bust-portraits of seven Greek
philosopliers and poets (with the names Diogenes, Socrates, Aristotle,
Ghilon, Plato, Cleobulos, and Sophocles), found near St. Cecilia in 1844
(probably of the 4th cent. ; some of the cubes are of glass). — In the W.
wing (on the right) are Roman tombstones, inclading several with re-
presentations of the funeral feast (Kos. 86, 24, 26, 459), and the relief of
a horseman (No. 9B). — The E. and 8. wings are occupied by fragments
of buildings and sculptures from medieeval and Renaissance churches and
other buildings in Cologne, now pulled down. — We return to the enfrance-
hall and enter the —
Upper Cloistebs. Corner Room, to the right: 12. Colossal marble
mask of Medusa, found in Italy. — To the left , in the JT. Wing : Roman
antiquities found at Cologne. The centre cabinets contain an admirable
**CoHection of Andmt Qlats, mostly dating from the 2nd-4th. cent. A.D.,
at which period Cologne was the centre of the glass industry. Cab. I.
Vase pierced with holes in which doves are sitting*, vase in the form of
an ape blowing on a syrinx 5 engraved glass and glass with filigree
ornamentation V terracotta statuettes, lamps, and vases. Sculptures: 11.
Colossal mask of a river-god^ busts; 8. ^neas, Anchises, ana Ascanius,
a group in limestone. — E. Wing. Roman goblets; bronzes (statuette of
a god); carvings in bone, jet, and amber; ornaments; vnriting implements
in bronze; weapons; coins; prehistoric and Frankish antiquities. Sculp-
tures : 18. Head of Venus ; 22. Uermes of Bacchus; 27. Female head (so-called
iriobe); •626. Head of Athena Parthenos, after Phidias. — 8. Wing. Water-
colours. — TT. Wing. Mediaeval and Renaissance sculptures in wood and
stone: la»ge carved-oak *Altar (c. 1520), with scenes from the Passion
40 Route 3. COLOGNE. a. Museum.
(school of Galcar, p. 60); Virgin and Child, French work of 1800 ^ marble
figures from the old high-altar of the cathedral (1850); painted. angels of
the Cologne school (ca. 1630) ; single figures from altars of the Rhenish and
Antwerp schools. — Between the windows: Water-colour copies of the
frescoes in the chapter-room at Branweiler (p. 16).
To the right on the gronndfloor are five rooms with plaster-casts;
to the left are a room containing the model of the monument of Frederick
William III. (p. 46) and another containing old mural painlings (Story of the
Undutiful Son), from the Glesch House in the Hoch-Strasse. In the ad-
joining rooms is tliQ Kuntt-Verein BxhWtion of Pietttres^ changed ftom time
to time.
The Staircase is adorned with ^Fsesoobs by Steinle (1860-61), illustra-
tive of the history of art and civilisation at Cologne. On the one side
the Roman and Romanesque Period: Constantine the Great (324-837), Charle-
magne (768-814) with Eginhard, Alcuin, and Paolns Diaconus, etc. Be-
tween the two emperors is St. Helena with her attendants. In the comer
adjoining Charlemagne are the most famous archbishops of Cologne:
St. Hildebold (p. 31) with the plan of the old cathedral, St. Bruno (d. 966)
with the church of St. Fantaleon, Heribert (d. 1021) with the church of
the Apostles, and Anno (p. 50) with the church of St. Gereon. Next to
these is the Frankish queen Plectrudis (p. 46) with the plan of St. Uaria
im Capitol. — On the other side is the Meditietal Period: in the centre
Albertus Magnus, the learned theologian of Cologne, on his right is Conrad
of Hochstaden (p. 31); farther on are painters of (}ologne (p. ol); then the
two burgomasters welcoming a vessel of the Hanseatic League. — On the
central wall the Renaissance and Modem Period : to the left, Bnbens receiving
the order for the altar^iece of St. Feter^s church (p. 48); Winckelmann
studying the Laocoon ; in the centre the brothers Boisserde and Friedrich
von Schlegel; to the right, Wallraf and Richartz, the founders of the
museum, and the Contintiation of the Cathedral,
The Upper Floor contains the * Picture OaUery, Its most important section
from a technical point of view is that containing the works of the Baklt
CoLooNB School; but some excellent Dutch works of the 17th cent., two
important canvases by Rubens, and the large Murillo acquired in 1898 will
interest even the unprofessional visitor. The works of the Italian schools
and the modern paintings are of less importance.
From the Statrgasb (I) we enter the rooms to the right, containing
the earlier paintings, and traverse them to the other end.
Room II. Early Cologne School (c. 1850-1460). To the right : Unknown
Masters J 1. Triptych , Crucifixion (about 1350), 2, 8. SS. John and Paul
(about 1360), 4, 6. Annunciation and Presentation in the Temple (about
1370). — Meister Wilhelm (about 1380), 8. Cracifixion; 9. Eight saints; 13.
Triptych, the Virgin with a bean-blossom in her hand and the Infant
Christ on her right arm; on the left St. Catharine, on the right St. Barbara.
36, 37. Master of the Small Passion^ Annunciation (ca. 1400) ; Meitter St^han
Lochner (d. 1451). **'64. Madonna in an arbour of roses, 65. SS. Mark, Barbara,
and Luke, 66. S3. Ambrose, CecUia, and Augustine, *63. Last Judgment.
367. Westphalian Master (about 1420), Crucifixion, with numerous figures.
Room III. Cologne Masters (ca. 1450-1510). On the entrance-wall and
side-walls, Master of the Life of Mary (ca. 1460-90; so called from a series
of pictures at Munich), *131. Crucifixion, with the Virgin , St. John , and
Mary Magdalen. •134. Madonna and St. Bernard, 137. The Saviour, 138. St.
^gidius, 139, 140. Annunciation, *141. Descent from the Cross, dated 1480
(the wings, SS. Andrew and Thomas, are school-pieces). Farther on (to
the right and left) , Master of the Glorification of Mary, 128. Glorification
of the Virgin, a crowded picture, 129. St. Anna with the Madonna and
saints (view of Cologne from the harbour), 130. Four saints (view of
Cologne from the land side) ; •147-154. Master of /As Lyversherff Passion^ The
Lyversberg Passion, a series of 8 pictures on a gold ground (about 1500;
formerly belonging to the Lyversberg family). — Master of 8t. Severin
ca. 1500; comp. p. 43), 189. Adoration of the Magi, 188. Last Judgment;
a. Museum, COLOGNE. 3. RouU 41
*169. Matter of the Holy Kinship^ The Kindred of the Madonna, on the
wings SS..Bochn8 and Nicasins (right) and SS. Gndula and Elizabeth (left;
after 1600). Farther on, on the left side-wall and the exit-waU : Master
of the Altar of St. Bartholomew (ca. 1500; so called from the picture in
Hanich), *184. Altar-piece, a triptych: in the centre Christ appearing
to the donbting Thomas; inside the wings, the Madonna with St. John,
and St. Hippolytns with St. Afra-, 183. Virgiii and Child; 186. Altar of
the Holy Cross, a triptych, in the centre Christ on the Cross, on the
wings John the Baptist and SS. Cecilia, Alexius, and Agnes.
BooH IV. Cologne and Early Netherlandish Schools (ca 1616-60). 256.
Barth. de Bruyn the Elder ^ Portrait; •442. Maeter of the Death of Mary,
Death of Mary, a triptych, with saints and donors on the wings (1615?). —
Boom Y. 385-339. Remains of the mural paintings from the Hansa-Saal in
the Bathaus (1370). — Boom VI. (straight on) contains works by B. de Brvyn
and other Cologne painters and some ^Netherlandish works. — Boom VII.
Upper German School (16th cent.): 383. M. OrUnewald, St. Anthony; 385.
A. Barer, Fifer and drummer (belonging to the *Job' painting, mentioned
on p. 238). — We return to B. V, and thence enter (to the right) —
Boom vni. Italian Schools. On the entrance •wall are paintings of
the early-Sienese school : 516. Neri di Bieei^ 522. B. Meinardi^ Madonna and
saints. — Opposite: 535. Style of Boceaecio Boccaeeino, VortrsAi'^ '^52. Fran-
cesco Francia^ Madonna; 533. Raphael ^ Madonna of Loretto, a copy of a
vanished original of the master's Boman period. — 534. 8d>. del Piombo^
Holy Family (original in Naples); 542. Tintoretto^ Portrait ; 543. Paris Bordone.
Bathsheba; 678. MaUia Preti, Judith. — Also: 5T9. Claude Zorrain, Land-
scape with Cupid and Psyche (damaged). •5T7. Murillo^ Vision of St. Francis
of Assisi*, the Saviour and the Virgin appear to the saint in the chapel of
the Portiuncula, while angels strew roses on the altar in token that his
prayer has been heard (painted after 1670 for the Capuchins of Seville and
acquired in 1898 from Princie Alp house of Bourbon). — We cross the hall to —
Boom X. Flemish School (16-17th cent.), etc. To the right, 680.
O. van Honthorstj Adoration of the Shepherds; 617. Com. de Voty Family
portraits. — 615. Snydere, StlU-life; *606. Bvbens, St. Francis of Assisi
receiving the stigmata (painted ca. 1617 for the high-altar of the old
Capuchin church at Cologne); 632. D. Ryckaert^ Cobbler. — ♦•604. Rubens^
Juno and Argns, originally in the Palazzo Durazzo at Genoa (1611); 622,
623. A. van JDpeki'i)^ Portraits of Jabach (p. 48), school-pieces; no number,
D. Teniere the Youngery Temptation of St. Anthony. — Jordaene, 614. Pro-
metheus, 612, 613. Portraits; 606. RiibenSy Holy Family (probably by
pnpils; ca. 1636); 607. A. vanDyeJt (here ascribed to Rubens)^ Four negroes*
heads (original in Brussels). — To the right is —
Boom XI. Dutch Schools (16-I7th cent.). To the right, 661. Benj.
OerHttM Cuyp, Camp-scene; 689. M. J. van Mierevelty Portrait (1633); •673.
Jan van Ooyen, Landscape ; Jac. Oerritsx Cuyp^ 662. Children with a sheep
(1638), 663. Portrwt (1643). — •716. Jan Steen^ Capture of Samson; 724.
Pieter Verelsty Old woman; •647. 4. van Beyeren^ Breakfast; 649. Terburg^
Portrait; 688. J. van der Meer(7)y Dutch wharf. —664, 655. Com. Janstensj
Portraits (1651); 668. K. du Jardin, Italian landscape, with accessories.
Boom XII (corner room). Dutch paintings of the i7th cent, and other
works, formerly in the possession of Fuchs, the sculptor : 626a. B. Teniert
the Younaeri'i)^ Temptation of St. Anthony; 666. Birck van Belen, Prodigal
Son; 670. O. van den Eeekhout{1)y Esther and Haman; 674. Birck Hals,
Genre-scene (1629) ; 675. JTsdo, StiU-life (1652) ; 693. /. M. MoUnaer, Peasant
interior; 711. JB. van Rvytdaa^ Tavern by a river; 712. J, van Ruysdaely
Same subject; 727. R.van Vriesy Landscape.
We now reach the Oollection of Modem Paintings, most of which are
of the Dfisseldorf and Munich schools. — Boom IX (Kaiser-Saal; to the
. right of B. XI, opposite the staircase) : 784. S. Meisier, Frederick William IV.
as Grown Prince (1834) ; 828. W. Camphauseny King William saluted by his
troops after the battle of Sedan, with Bismarck, Moltke, and Boon among
his retinue (1873); 896. Lenhaeh, Bismarck (1888); 929. F, von Kaulbaehy
Emp. William IL, in his uniform as an admiral.
Boom XIU (straight on ftom B. XI). To the right: 964. E. Slingeneyer^
42 Route 3. COLOGNE. a. Hoch-Sirasse.
Sinking of 'Le Vengeiir\ a French man-of-war (1842) : 774. K. B4ga9^ Parents
of the painter (1^) \ 768. Pr, Overheck^ Patrons of art (cartoon designed
by Cornelius). — Eooh XIV. 841. L, Rotenfelder, Beside the coffin of
Henry IV. in Speyer; 846. B. 8. Zimmermann, The Schrannentagj 846.
£d. OeseUchapy Masical party; 980. A.. Normanny Norwegian fjord.
Room XV. To the right, 902. Liezen-Mayer^ Queen Elizabeth signing
the death-warrant of Queen Mary Stuart ; 823. A. Achenbach^ Departure of
a steamer; 831. ff. Salentin, Pilgrims at the spring; '^859. G. Richter^ Queen
Louise (1879); 836. B, VatUier, Funeral-feast; 813. /. Schroder, CromweU
by the sickbed of his daughter; Lessing, 793. Monastery-court in winter,
794. Landscape ; 789. Ed. Bendemann^ Mourning Jews in exile (1832) ; 795.
/. W. Sehirmer^ Italian landscape; 826. Henry Bitter, The middy's scolding;
^29. Chr. B&ttehert Summer eveniog on the Bbin^.
Boom XVI. To the right, 930. a. BeMnleber, Dutch coast; 935. W. Firle,
'Forgive us our trespasses'^ 918. Bd. Oriitsner, In the privy library; 876.
L.Knaus, The empty dish; 926a. Fr, von U/ide, Family concert; 931. Fr. Neu-
haw, Frederick William I. and the Protestants of Salzburg ; 923. W. Leibl,
Portrait of Pallenberg ; 955. Troyon^ Landscape; *921. W. Leibl, Father of
the painter; 970. Munkacsy, Village-hero ; 895. Lenbach, Leo XUI; 888.
J'V'.De/rs^fi'er, Wrestlers (1870). — Adjoining in the upper cloister: B. Bdcklin^
Castle on the sea captured by pirates; F. Stuck, Portrait of the painter and
his wife ; *922. W. Leibl, Study of a he^d ; 971. Munkacsy, Old woman ; 889.
Fr, D^egger, Tyrolese girl (1872). Farther on is an exhibition of pic-
tures which are changed from time to time.
The staircase between Booms XIII. and XIV. ascends to the Second
Floob, with a Collection of Engravings and another room containing modern
pictures.
Boom XVII. To the right, 872. Ad. Schreyer, Wallachian post; 913.
A, von Wei'ner, Moltke at Sedan; 854. K. Becker, The crowning of the poet
Ulrioh von Hutten ; 887. 0. Schwerdgeburth, Faust's Easter promenade ; 892.
0. F. Deiker, Boar-hunt: 963, Nic. de Keyser, After the battle of Wornngen
(p. 56); 867. C, Piloty, Galileo in his cell; 949-952. Studies by Ingres.
Adjoining the S. side of the Museum is the Ghnreh of the
Minorites (PI. E, 4), an early-Gothic building of simple but hand-
some proportions, probably commenced in 1220, but not completed
till forty years later, and restored in 1860. The large window above
the portal in the principal facade and the elegant spire, restored
in the 18th cent, in the style of the original, are specially strik-
ing. The fine sacristy has a round pillar in the centre. The church
contains the (modem) tombstone of the celebrated theological dis-
putant Duns Scotus (d. 1309), in the ambulatory at the back of the
high-altar, with the inscription : Scotia me genuit, Anglia me sus-
cepit, Qallia me docuit, Colonia me tenet. — In front of the church
is a handsome bronze monument (1903) to Adolf Kolping (d.l866),
founder of the working-men's unions.
Between the Oathedral and the Museum, at the small Wallrafs-
Platz (p. 39), begins the narrow HoQX Stbassb, orHooH-STRAssB(Pl. E,
D, 4), the busiest street in Cologne , which with its prolongations
(Marzellen-Str. and Elgelstein to the N., Hochpforte and Severln-Str.
to the S.) intersects the whole city from N. to S. To the right, near
the centre of the street, is the Konigin- Augusta-Halle, or Passage,
an arcade with shops. Farther on, to the left, in the Augustiner-
Platz, is a bronz*e Statue of Bismarck, by F. Schaper (1879).
b. Old Town (E.) COLOGNE. 3. Route. 43
In the Waidmarkt (PI. 0, D, 4), at the end of the Hochpforte,
is the JB^rmann Joseph Fountain^ by W. Albermann (1894), re-
calling a legend of Cologne. — Close by is the old church of —
St. George, consecrated in 1067, originally a plain Romanesque
columnar basilica, with a crypt of the same character (now restored).
The porch dates from 1536.
At the end of the Severin-Strasse (tramway No. 6, p. 29), to the
left, is St. Severin (PI. B, 4), which stands upon the site of a
Christlau church built as early as the 4th century, and has been
often destroyed. The present church was consecrated in 1237 and
was thoroughly restored in 1880. The effective quadrangular tower
was erected in 1393-1411 ; the nave was furnished with new vault-
ing in 1479; the baptismal chapel, adorned with stained glass,
dates from 1505.
The sarcophagas of St. Severin with a roof-shaped lid , the excellent
monntings of a door of the 12th centnry, a copper-gilt reading-desk in
the form of an eagle, and the Gothic choir-stalls will repay inspection.
The Matter of St. Severin (p. 40) takes his appellation from two early-Cologne
pictures in the sacristy.
For the Severins-Tor and the Bing-Strassey see pp.-52j 53.
b. The Old Town to the £. of the Hoch-Strasse.
Between the Hoch-Strasse and the Rhine are situated several
important buildings, not far from each other. Another relic of the
Roman fortifications is also preserved here in the shape of the
Romergangy a subterranean passage constructed of massive blocks
of tufa (adm., see p. 30). It is reached by a winding staircase in
the restaurant 'Im Romer* (Unter Goldschmied 48; PI. E, 4). The
passage is about 7 ft, high and 4 ft. wide and has been explored for
120 yds. By the entrance are a few Roman remains.
A hionze Statue of Field Marshal Moltke, by Schaper, was erected
in 1881 in the Laurenz-Platz (PI. E, 4), a little to the S. — The
Portalsgasse leads immediately to the left to the Rathaus-Platz.
The *Batban8 (PI. E, 4, 5j adm., see p. 30) stands on the sub-
structions of a Roman stronghold (probably the Pr»torium), of the
arches of which some remains are still visible in the cellar. The
oldest part of the building (14th cent.) is the central portion (with
the Hansa-Saal), looking towards the Rathaus-Platz. In 1569-71 a
* Portico In the Renaissance style was built in front of this, from
the plans of Wilhelm Vemickel (restored in 1881), bearing Latin in-
scriptions and reliefs (Samson ; Daniel ; Burgomaster Gryn's fight
with the lion, see p. 44). The handsome , five-storied Tower was
built in 1407-14, from the proceeds of the fines imposed upon noble
families in 1396. Most of the statuettes with which it was adorned
have been replaced by modem substitutes. — The E. portions
of the structure, facing the Altenmarkt, were erected in 1549-50;
the facade, richly ornamented with reliefs and statues, was altered
In 159t| but restored by Raschdorff in the original style in 1870.
44 Routes. COLOGNE. b. Old Tovm (E.);
Tht L5venhof, bailt by Lortnt in 1640 in the Benaissanee style, then
newly introduced into Germany, ia 00 named in reference to the tradition
that Archbishop Engelbert sought the life of Burgomaster Oryn (1264), and
threw the obnoxious citizen into a lion's den in his palace, from which,
however, his intended victim contrived to escape unhurt.
The Musohel-Saal (shell -room), richly decorated |n the rococo style
in 1761, is adorned with tapestry executed by Yos f^om drawings by
Wouverman, and formerly belonging to Elector Clement Augustus. -^
The *Hansa.8aal, or Hanseatic Hall (80 yds. long, 8 yds. wide, 32 ft.
high), on the first floor of the Bathaus , now used for meetings of the
municipal council, is said to be that in which the first general meeting
of the League took place on 19th Nov., 1367. The S. wall is entirely
occupied by nine rich canopies, with large figures vigorously executed in
stone, representing heathen, Jewish, and Christian heroes (Hector, Alexander
the Great, Caesar j Joshua, David, Judas MaccabsBus; Charlemagne, King
Arthur, Godfrey de Bouillon) ; above these, but smaller, Charles lY. , who
fortified the town and presented it with the privileges of a market, as the
figures on the right and left indicate. In the windows, are the armorial
bearings of the d^erent imperial families of Germany, on the long wall
those of forty-five patrician families of Cologne, on the ceiling those of
the burgomasters of Cologne, from 1346 to the downfall of the independence
of the city. The two upper series are the arms of the twenty-two guilds.
— The Propheten-Kammei% now fitted up as a library, contains the new
Municipal Silver Flate^ consisting of magnificent table ornaments made in
Cologne. — The former RaU-Sadl is in the tower. The fine door, adorned
with intarsia, was executed by Melehior Reidt in 1608 ; to the same period
belong the stucco celling, ornamented with medallions of the emperors,
and the door of the committee-room, transferred hither from the Arsenal.
— The part of the building between the Hansa-Saal and the Bats-Saal has
been adorned with modem carved panelling and mural paintings in the
Gothic style.
In the Rathaus-Platz, to the left, is the late-Gothic Chapel of
the Rathaus, which formerly contained the Dombild (p. 37), and
w«t8 consecrated in 1426. The spire is of graceful proportions ; the
sacristy dates from 1474. To the right is an edifice known as the
Spanish Building^ erected in 1611-17 after Flemish models, and
restored in 1886.
On the right side of the Martin-Str., a little to the S. of the Rat-
haus, is the ^Gftriexiioli (PI. E, 4), with its pinnacles and turrets,
built in 1441-52 at a cost of 80,000 florins, to serve as a *Herren
Tanzhaus' and banquet-saloon on occasions when the Town Council
desired to entertain distinguished guests with a magnificence worthy
of the city. Besides the 'Gurzenich' property the Council purchased
several other pieces of ground to form a site for this imposing build-
ing. The architect was Johann von Buren. The first grand festival
was held here in 1475 in honour of Emperor Frederick III. In the
17th and 18th centuries the large saloon fell into decay, and was used
as a magazine till 1857, when, after undergoing a thorough renova-
tion at the hands of Jul. Raschdorfif, it was restored to its original
uses. This is the finest of the ancient secular edifices of Cologne.
Above the £. gateways are statues of Affrippa and Marsilius^ the
founder and the defender of Cologne in the Roman period, executed by Ifohr,
painted by Kleinertz in the ancient style, and erected in 1859 in place of
the old ones, which had become injured by exposure to the weather.
Interior (adm., see p. 29). On the groundfloor is the former magazine,
converted by Herr Weyer in 1875 into a fine Exghamgb Hall (no adm.
8l MaridAm Capitol. COLOGNE.
3. Route. 45
in {he morning). The handsome Sxaiboasx was added ]p. 1890-91. — On
the first floor is the spacious ^Fest-Saal (58 yds. long, 24 broad), borne
by twenty-two richly carved wooden colnmns, with a gallery. The modern
stained-glass windows represent the armorial bearings of Jiilich , Gleve,
Berg, and Mark, the medi«yal allies of Cologne, with St. Peter as the
patron-saint of the city, two Imperial eagles, the arms of Cologne itself,
those of six burgomasters of the period when the building was first erected,
and those of the twenty-two guilds. The two large Chtmnty Pieces of the
15th century, richly carved with scenes from the history of the town,
are worthy of inspection. The walls are adorned with a fine representa-
tion of the Procession on the completion of the cathedral in 1880, by
Camphaueen^ the two Roeb4rSj Beckmann^ and Baur. — The Aktxchambeb
(^Kleine Giirzenich^ or *IsabeIlen-Saal') is adorned with mural paintings
by Schmitz, representing the entry of the Empress Isabella, the legend of
the Cologne wood-cutting expedition (viz. that Marsilius saved the town
from a beleaguering enemy by sending out armed women against them on
the pretext of felling wood), and the Festival of St. John (a symbolical
washing away of the evil of the year in the Rhine, mentioned by Petrarch,
who visited Cologne in 1333). — Concerts and ball, see p. 28.
The Martin-Str. ends at the Lichhof(PL D, 4), beside the ohuich of
St. Maria im Capitol. Immured in the N. side of the Platz is the main
archway of the Pfaffentor {Porta Paphia ; PI. Pf.), brought to light
in 1893 opposite the W. end of the cathedral. It bears the Inscription
0. C. A. A, {i.e. Colonia Claudia Augusta Agrippinensis), below which
the name of Gallienus appears as that of the builder (^59-268).
The cburch of *St. Maria im Capitol {Zint Mdrjen in local speech ;
PLD, 4), consecrated In 1049 by Pope Leo IX., a cruciform ediflcQ
in the Romanesque style, constructed on an imposing and somewhat
peculiar plan. The choir and transept terminate In semicircular
46 Routt 3. COLOGNE. 6. Old Town (R):
apses with an anibnlatory ronnd each, and impart to the E. end of
the building the trefoil shape, of which this is the earliest example
at Cologne. The vaulting of the aisles dates fxom the 11th cent.,
the upper portion of the choir from the 12th, and the remaining
vaulting probably from the 13th century. The church owes its name
to the ancient tradition that this site was once occupied by the
Roman Capitol, which was succeeded by the palace of the Prankish
kings. The original edifice was erected at least as early as 696 and
is said to have been built by Plectrudis, wife of Pepin of H^ristal
and step-mother of Charles Martel.
The church, which has other entrances in the Marien-PlatB and in the
Casino-Str. (No. Q, is not open for inspection until 12 noon. Best light
aboat midday.
The INTBBIOB was decorated in loTO with frescoes, begun by Steinel
(paintings in the apse), and completed by Ooebbels from the designs of
Essentoein of Nuremberg and Klein of Vienna. — In the W. vestibule are
some tombstones belonging to the Romanesque period. The richly sculptured
organ-loft (originally the rood-screen), which conceals the W, gallery,
was brought from Malines (1524). — At the beginning of the 17. aisle is a
painting by Bant Baldung Orien (Death of the Virgin; 1321). ~ The modern
nigh-altar was designed by Etstnwtin. — The oaken aoor which leads into
the apse of the N. transept, decorated with very prominent reliefs, dates
crom the foundation of the church. The S. (HardenratVs) chapel (of 1466)
fontains fine stained glass. In the Archive Boom is a latC'-Romanesque
portable altar. — The fine Grtpt, with its nave and aisles, its quadran-
gular chapels, and its side-chambers, corresponds with the form of the
«hoir. It contains the tomb of Plectrudis (12th cent.)^ and some ancient
mural paintings. — The Romanesque Gloistbbs, beside the entrance in
the Casino-Strassoi are quite built up.
We quit the Lichhof by the Gothic Drtikonigen-ToTchen on the
S. side. In the direction of the Rhine, Rheingasse No. 8, is the
Templars' Lodge (PI. D, 5), a handsome Romanesque edifice, vdth
round-arched windows, niches , and corbie-stepped gables, dating
from the 12th or the beginning of the 13th century. It was the
family residence of the 'Overstolzen\ a powerful family of medisval
Cologne, and was bought by the town in 1836 and judiciously restored.
It is now used by the Chamber of Commerce. — A little to the S.,
in the Filzengasse, is the Protestant Triniiy Church (PI. D, 4, 5),
in the early-Christian basilica style, designed by Stiller (1860). —
For the church otSt, Maria in Ly^irchen and the Harbour j see p. 47.
The street known as 'Am Malzbiichel' leads to the N.E. from
the upper end of the Rheingasse to the Heumabxt (PI. D, E, 6),
one of the largest squares in the town. Here rises the Monument
of Frederick William III., erected in 1878 to commemorate the
liberation of the Rhenish provinces from French domination and
their union with Prussia.
The colossal equestrian statue of the king on a lofty pedestal is surrounded
by statues of the principal statesmen and warriors who cooperated with
him in raising Prussia to the rank of a first-class power (Bliicher, Stein,
Amdt. Humboldt, etc.). The reliefs on the sides indicate the progress of
the Riienlsh provinces in science, art, commerce, and manufactures. The
chief figure and the statues oi| one side are by JBldser of Cologne (1813-74),
the rest by Drake^ and others. The reliefs are by CalctndrelU.
Oross Si, Martin,
COLOGNE. 3. noute. 47
In the adjacent AI.TENMABKT (PI. E, 6) is a monnmental Fountain,
in the German Renaissance style, after a design by Albermann (1885).
The chief figure is a statue otJohann von Werth (d. 1651 ; p. 14),
a famous cavalry general in the Thirty Years' War ; the figures of
a peasant and maiden at the sides refer to the tradition that he
became a toldier on account of a loye-disappointment.
The Zoll-Strasse leads from the Altenmarkt to the Rhine. In
this street is the old Irish Church ('Schotten-Kirche*) of *Gr088
St. Martin (PI. E, 5), formerly on an island in the Rhine, dating
originally from the Merovingian period. The existing church, built
by Abbot Adelhard, after the repeated destrufction of previous
edifices, was consecrated by Abp. Philip in 1172. The massive E.
portion, with its imposing tower (270 ft. high) surrounded by four
corner-turrets, seems to have been constructed in the 13th cent.,
and was restored in 1437 and 1554-99. (The S.W. comer-turret feH
in 1526 and was not restored till 1870.) Before the pointed W.
portal is a porch covered with groined vaulting, probably dating
from the 14th century. The whole building has been restored by
Nagelschmidt.
The IvTBBios (riflitoM ting at ihe screea; fee 50 pf. each^ sacrifltan,
Zoll-Sir. 7a) bas been decorated from the designs of ^**e»tDei». The
8tained*g^a8s was executed in Innsbruck. To the left of the entrance are
a marble font, adorned with lions' heads and foliage, said to have been
presented by Pope Leo m. in 803, and the Rood-AUar of 1509. The hand-
some Eiffh Altar and the side-altars are modern^ beside the last altar in
the N. transept is the tomb of the titular bishop Hermann J. Schmitz, by
Mengelberg (1902), with a picture in mosaic. Fine modern tiled pavement
from designs by Kleinertz.
The ZoU-Strasse ends at the Stapelhaus (PI. £, 5), built in
1558-69 and restored in the original style in 1900-1. Besides a
restaurant (p. 27) this edifice Accommodates the municipal Huseum
of Natural -HlBtory (adm., see p. 30), the entrance to which is in
the Mautgasse. ^
On the First Floor are the Vertebrata, including a large collection of
native birds and various biological groups realistically arranged. — On the
Second Floor are the less developed animals and tbe minerals and fossils.
A large new Central Market (PI. D, 5) was opened in 1904 amid
the quaint old lanes between the Heumarkt and the Rhine. —
Farther up the river, in the street 'An Lyskirchen', is the ancient
church of St, Maria in Lyskirchen (PI. D, 5) , rebuilt in the transi-
tion style at the beginning of the 13th cent, and embellished ^vfith
ceiling-paiiitings and recently restored throughout (sacristan, An
Lyskirchen 10). Hexe begin the Barbour Works mentioned at p. 30.
Near this point are the only two bridges across the Rhine at
Cologne, viz, ih.e older Bridge-of-Boats (PL P, E, 6) and, near the
new gai^dens on the Frankenwerft, the Iron Bridge (PL E, F, 5)»
The latter (completed in 1859) is broad enough for a double line
of rails and a separate roadway for ordinary traffic (toll 2pf.), and is
457 yds. long. Over the entrance on the left (Cologne) bank is ari
48 Route 3. OOLOaNE. c. Old Town (W^}:
Equestrian Statue of Frederick William IV. , in bronze, by Blaser,
on the right bank an Equestrian Statue of William I, by Drake, both
. erected in 1867. The approach to the bridge on the left bank
affords a good survey of the choir of the cathedral. A good view of
the town is obtained by taking a walk over the iron bridge and back
by the bridge-of-boats. — Deutsi, on the right bank, see p. 55.
0. The Old Town to the W. of the Hoch-Btrasse.
In the Bruckengasse (on the right) is the late-Gothic church of
St, Columba (PI. E, 4), the kernel of which is a Romanesque
columnar basilica. The church- treasury is rich. — In the Glocken-
gasse, on the left, are the Synagogue (PI. E, 4), built in 1859-61,
and the Alte Stadt-Theater (PI. E, 3), erected in 1872.
The Kreuzgasse and Antonsgasse lead hence to the S. to the
couyent and church of St. Ceoilia (PI. D, 3, 4), the latter a very
ancient building, rebuilt as early as 930-41, and again in the 12th
century, on which occasion parts of the edifice of the 10th century
appear to have been retained. It contains a curious crypt, which
is wrongly described as a remnant of the oldest episcopal church
built by St. Matemus. Good relief above the arch of the N. door.
The interior has lately been restored; the painting of the choir
dates from about 1300, but the pictures in the apse and nave are
modern. — Adjacent is the church of St. Peter (PI. D, 3), begun
in 1524 and successfully restored in 1890-92 (entr, Sternen-
gasse 72 ; sacristan No. 66).
The Intsbiob has been redecorated, with the aid of the old painting.
— The choir contains a late-Gothic carved altar with good pictures on the
wings (fee 75 pf.), and heautifol stained-glass ^Windows of 1628 and 1530
(Beiuring of the Cross, CmoiAzion, Descent from the Cross). In the ohapel
to the right of the choir (but concealed hy a mediocre altar-piece) is the
♦Crucifixion of St. Peter, by Bubens, recovered from Paris in 1814. This
fine picture, one of the most vigorous works of the master, but repellent
owoQg to its startling fidelity to nature, was painted by order of the
Jabach family in 1638-40 in memory of Herr Eberhard Jabach, the well-
known patron of art (d. 1636). It is shown by the sexton for the some-
what exorbitant fee of lyt JH. Behind the alar reposes Jan Rubens
(d. 1587), the father of the painter.
Opposite is the Wolkenburg, lesembling the Gurzenich, the
meeting-place of the Manner- Oesangverein (p. 28).
At the back of the two churches last described is situated the
spacious Hospital (PI. D, 3), erected in 1846. It may be inspected
in the afternoon (small fee to the attendant). — To the N.W. are
the Neumarkt and the Apostles' Church (p. 49).
At the E. end of the Stemengasse C^o. lO, left side), near the Hoch^
Strasse, is a handsome house in which Eia>en» is erroneously said to have
been born. The house bears an inscription and a relief above the door
in memory of the illustrious master; and on the opposite side is an in-
scription recording (correctly) that Marie de Midieit, widow of Henri IV.
of France, died here in exile in 1642.
The church of St. Fantaleoa (PI. 0, 3 ; now a military church,
and also used by the Old Catholics) was constructed on the site of
Apoitlei Churqh. COLOGNE. 3. Route. 49
an older building in 964-80. The xnaterUls for this purpose are said
to have been taken by Archbishop Bruno (d. 965), brother of Emperor
Otho the Cbeaty from the remains of Constantine's bridge (p. 30).
The choir and the^aulting date from the beginning of the 13th cent. ;
but the subBtructure of the towers, with its two-storied additions,
seems to belong entirely to the 10th century. The towers were rebuilt
in 1891. Archbishop Bruno and t^ Empress Theophano (d. 999) are
buried In the church. There are some remains of Romanesque mural
paintings in the E. transept and the side-chapels. — The street
known as Yor den Siebenburgen leads to the S.E. past the chuzeh
of 8t. Maria in der Schnurgasse (Pl.B, 3, 4), an interesting baroque
building completed in 1716, to the Saohsen-Ring(Ulrepforte, p. 53).
The Mauritius -Steinweg (tramway No. 4, p. 29) leads to the
N.W. from the church of St. Pautideon to the Mauritius-Kirchc
(PI. D, 2, 3), built by Vincenz Statz in the Gothic style in 1861-65.
In the N.W. angle of the Nbumaskt (PI. D, E, 3), a square planted
with trees (military pftrade on Wed.), the largest in the old town,
rises the *A.po8tlei' Chureh (PI. E, 2, 3), a remarkably handsome
basilica with aisles and double transepts. Over theE. crossing rises a
dome flanked with two slender corner-towers, and over the W. crossing
a square tower. The picturesque choir and the arms of the E. transept
end in -very spacious rounded apses, adorned with two series of niches
and a miniature gallery above them. The oldest parts, including the
W. tower, date from the first half of the 11th cent; at the end of
the 12th cent, the edifice was vaulted, the pilasters in front of the
pillars introduced, and the choir enlarged; and the church was
finally completed about 1220. The* newly- restored interior is also
very impressiye. The dome, the choir, and the transepts are magni-
ficently adorned with mosaics on a gold ground, executed since 1895
ftom designs by Kleinertz and Stummel.
When the plague raged at Cologne in 1367, Bichmodis von Lyskir-
Chen, wife of the knight Mengis von Adncht, was attacked by the malady,
and having fallen into a deathlike swoon, was interred in the Apostles^
Church. Being awakened from her trance by a thievish grave-digger in
his attempts to abstract her ring, she returned to the house of her
husband, who, imagining he beheld an apparition, declared he would
sooner believe that his horses could ascend to the loft of his house than
that his departed spouse should return in proprid persond. Scarcely had
the words escaped his lips, says the legend, than horses' hoofs were heard
mounting the stairs, and their heads were jn>eedilv seen looking out of a
window in the upper itory of the house. The lady recovered, atod lived
for many years afterwards. Two horses' heads, affixed to the. upper story
of the house with the tower on the IT. side of the Neumarkt (17o. 10), are
said to have been placed there in commemoration of the miraculous
event, but they more probably formed part of the armorial bearings of
Vieasins von filaquenay, who built the house.
The Richmod-Strasse (tramway No. 3, p. 28) and its continua-
tions lead hence direct to the church of St. Gereon (p. 50). —
From the end of theHichmod-Str. the busy Brbitb-Strassb (PI. E,
3, 4; tramway No. 4) leads to the E. back to the Wallraf-Richartz
Museum (p. 39) and the cathedral.
BASDSKas's Rhine. i6th Edit. 4
50 Route 3, COLOGNE. d, N. QuaHer^:
d. The N. Qnartezs of the Old Town*
The Burgmauer, beginning at the Dom-KloBtei (p. 39), and the
busy Komodibn-Strassb (PI. F, 4, 3) lead to the W. to the hand-
some Law Courts, completed in 1893. In the Appellhof-Platz is
the handsome building of the Burger-^OeBellsckafl (a Catholic club),
completed in 1901, with a large banqueting-hall and dining-rooms.
In the Zeughaus-Str., the continuation of the Komodien-Str.,
are the Arsenal (1601), with the guard-house, and the Government
But^in^ (1830). — Farther on to the left, at the comer of the
Apem-Str. (which leads to the Apostles' Church, p. 49) , rises the
so-called Bbmeriurm (PL F, 3), or Clarenturm, an ancient round
tower inlaid with stones of different colours. It formed the N.W.
angle of the ancient Roman town (comp. p> 80). The upper part,
with battlements, is modem. — The Steinfeldergasse leads hence to
the church of St. Gereon; on the right is the Gbbbonsdbibsoh
(PI. F, 3), planted with trees, and on the left the Gereonsklosteb,
the square whence the church is entered. Opposite the entrance is
the aty Library (PI. F, 3), with the Archives, built in the Gothic
style in 1894-97 ^adm., see p. 29). The former contains about
150,000 vols., including a noted collection of editions of the Imi-
tation of Christ'.
The church of *St. Gereon (PI. F, 3), dedicated to the 318
martyrs of the Theban legion, with their captain Gereon, who, ac-
cording to the legend, perished here in 286 during the persecution
of the Christians under Diocletian, is an edifice of very peculiar
style (recently thoroughly restored). The long Romanesque choir is
adjoined by a decagonal nave in the Gothic style, with a quadran-
gular vestibule. The original structure, circular in form, with ten
niches resembling those of the Nymph»um of the ^Minerva Medica*
at Rome, is said to have been erected by the Empress Helena, mother
of Constantino the Great. Archbishop Anno (d. 1075) added the
choir and the spacious crypt, and Archbishop Arnold IL built the !I5.
apse and the two square towers about 1160. In 1219-27 the round
part of the church, having become. dilapidated, was converted into
8U Vnuia. COLOGNE. 3. Bmte. 51
the present decagonal nATe, 154 ft. in height, 20 yds. in length,
and 18 in breadth, covered with groined vanlting, the eight shorter
sides retaining the original niches. Other alterations took place in
the 14th and Idth cent., to whidi period belongs the vanlting of
the choir and of the vestibnle. The sacristan, who is generally to
be fionnd in the church in the morning (visitors knock), lives at
Gereons-Kloster No. 4 (1-2 pers. 1 JIf; for more, 50 pf. each).
The Vbstibulb contains a few ancient tombttoneB. To the right is
a smaU chapel added in 1897, with a Pieta by /. Beiu.
The •iNTBRioB, recently embellished with paintings by Odbbels after
EaenweifCt designs, presents an imposing appearance. In small chapels in
the recesses of the nave, above which rnns a gallery borne by short
columns, are seen Uie stone sarcophagi of the martyrs, half bnilt into the
walls. Their sknlls are arranged under gilded arabesques along the sides
of the Choir ^ to which fifteen steps ascend. The carved choir-stalls date
from the beginning of the 14th century. Above is some tapestry of the
18th cent., with scenes from the story of Joseph. The E. end of the choir
is reached by seven steps more. — The Sacristy, in the purest Gothic
style, dating from 1316, containing fin« Gothic stained glass, and the octa-
gonal BaptixUru (adjdining the nave), with much defaced mural paintings
of the fizst half of the 18th cent., are also worthy of notice.
The Cbypt below the choir, with its three aisles borne by sixteen
columns , dating (wHh the exception of the 12th cent. E. end) from the
11th cent., contains an Interesting specimen of the art of that period:
«£r. a Mosaic Pavement , the sections of which represent scenes from the
lives of David and Samson, and the signs of the Zodiac. It was, perhaps,
executed by Italian workmen, as Mmilar scenes are very common in
Italian churches. The fragments, which had got into disorder, were suc-
cessfully restored and supplemented by the painter Avenarius in 1867-71.
The shortest rente from the Gereonsdriesch (tramway No. 2,
p. 28) to the Hansa*Platz and the Museum of Industrial Art (p. 54)
is via the Klingel-Putz and the Gereonsmiihlengasse (PI. F, G, 3). —
On the left side of the Gereons-Strasse, which leads back to the
cathedral, is situated the Archiepiscopal Palace (PI. F, 3), whence
the Hnnnenrflcken leads to the Ubsula-Platz (PI. F, G, 4).
St. Urtnla (PL G, 4) occupies the site of a church of the 4th
century. In the 11th cent, it existed as a flat-roofed basilica with
galleries, but in the 13th cent, it received a vaulted roof and the
early-Gothic choir was added (1287). The S. aisle, of the same
period, was re-vaulted in the 15th century. The entire edifice was
restored in the original style in 1890-91.
The church is closed except during service, which ends about 10 a.m.
(sacristan, Ursulagarten-Str. 1). — The "S. aisle, near the choir, contains
a monument, by Johann Lent, erected in 1658 to 8t. Urmia, an English
princess, who, according to the legend, when on her return from a pil-
grimage to Rome, was barbarously murdered at Cologne with her 11,000
virgin attendants. The figure is in alabaster,- with a dove at the feet.
The bones of these virgin martyrs are preserved in cases, placed round
the ehureh. The legend is also illustrated by a series of old paintings,
frequently retouched, on Uie side-wall on the left. Ten old pictures of
the Apostles, to the left of the S. entrance, are painted on slabs of slate,
one of them bearing the date 1224. Under the organ, by the pillar to
the left, is a late-Gothic relief in stone, representing the Bearing of the
Cross. Below is the sarcophagus of a child belonging to the family of the
Prankish major-domo. The choir was redecorated by J. Osten in 1897. —
The GotDBNB KAMintB, or treasury (admission 1 Jf)i oontoins the fine late-
4*
52 Route 3. COLOGNE. e. Ring-SUoiie,
Bomanesqne Reliquary of St. Ursula, several other reliqiiarSes of tbe Gothic
period, a canred rock-crystal chessmaa of the Carlonngian period, and
Persian and late-Boman textiles.
The Marzellen-Str. leads hence to the cathedral (p. 82), passing
the Jesuits' Church (]?l, F, 4), or Church of the Asmmption, originally
a Gothic church without transepts, but rebuilt in 1618-29 in the
late - Renaissance style peculiar to this order. The pulpit and
high-altar are overladen with decoration ; the communicants* bench
is a masterpiece of workmanship in marble. The bells were cast
with the metal of cannons taken by Tilly at Magdeburg, and pre-
sented by him to the church.
A few paces to the S.W. is the church of St. Andreas (PI. F, 4),
with a Romanesque nave of 1220 and a raised Gothic choir of 1414.
It contains a fine brass-gilt late-Gothic reliquary (the ^Reliquary
of the Maccabees'), with reliefs, in which the remains of Albertus
Magnus (d. 1280 ; see p. 40) have reposed since 1859.
To the W. of the Jesuits' Church, in the street named 'An den
Dominikanern', is the Post Office (PI. F, 4), completed in 1893, an
early-Gothic building with turrets at the corners. It is adorned
with numerous statues. Inside are busts of Post-Master-General
Stephan and Baron von Thum-und - Taxis, the founder of the
modern postal system (16th cent.). — Nearly opposite is the
Beichsbank, or Imperial Bank, an early-Gothic structure in red
sandstone (1897).
On the Rhine (Kaiser-Friedrich-Ufer; tramway No. 1, p. 28),
near the N. end of the old town, is the church of St. Cimibert
(PI. G, 5), an excellent example of the transition style, consecrated
by Archbp. Conrad in 1248 and restored in 1869-71. It is a vaulted
basilica with two transepts and three, towers.
The Intbkiob contains (in the choir and transepts) remains of good
Romanesqne mural paintings (restored by OObbek)^ a picture of the school
of Meitter WiXhelm^ and sculptures of the 14th and 16th centuries (relief
of the Gruciflzion). At the entrant^ to the choir is a fine colossal group
of the Annunciation (late-Gothic). The choir has flue stained glass of the
13th cent., and is decorated with encaustic mural paintings by Welter (1860).
Fine modem organ.
6. The Ring-Strassa and the New auarten of the Oity.
Tramways (Nos. 6, 2, and 3), see pp. 28, 29.
The most striking feature in the new town is the wide and
handsome *Bing^Stra88ey or series of boulevards laid out since 1881,
3i/2 M. long, which completely encircles the old town and occupies
the site of the old fortifications, purchased by the corporation for
590,000^. Many of the streets expand into spaces laid out with
flower-beds and trees. Fragments of the old city- wall and three of
the medisBval gates are still extant, while the modem buildings are.
in many cases ambitious and striking edifices.
At the S. end of the Ring-Strasse, on the new quay on the
Rhine, stands the Bayenturm ^L B, 5) a square pinnacled tower
fi, Bifhg-8tra$8e, COLOGNE. 3. Route. 53
of the 13-14th cent., which has heen restored along with an adjoin-
ing piece of the city- wall. — Farther up the Rhine, hetween the
Agrlppina-Ufer and the Romer Park, a large new huilding is helng
erected for the Commercial High School. The new quarter of the
town beyond this is called the Bayental, On the Oberlander Ufer
are the massive Bismarckturm and the castellated Yilla StoUwerck.
In the Vbisr-Bing (PI. A, 5), the S. section of the Ring-Strasse,
are the Boyal Engineering School, built in 1901-4 from plans by
Schilling, and the Bcaitenstrauch-Joest Museum containing ethno-
graphical collections (opened in 1906j adm. see p. 29). — On the
right is the Bottmuhle (PI. B, 5], a tower surrounded by pleasure-
grounds, formerly belonging to the fortifications.
To the N. of the Chlodwig$-Platz (PI. A, 4) is the handsome
SeyerinB-Tor (PI. A, 4), also a relic of the medisval fortifications
(restored in 1895). — ' Adjacent is the church of St. Severin (p. 43).
From the Chlodwigs-Platz we follow the Oarolinger-Ring to the
^Sachsen-Bing (PL B, 4, 3), both sides of which are occupied by
private villas and gardens. In the middle, is the Vlrep forte, a
medi»val town-gate, now connected with a cafe-restaurant. Farther
on, on the outside of a fragment of the old city-wall, is the Vlre
Monumerd, with an allegorical relief of the 14th cent, (restored in
1886), in memory of the victory of the citizens under the Overstolze
(p. 46) over 500 soldiers of Archbishop Engelbert, who had stolen
into the town, on 15th Oct., 1268. — Several streets lead firom the
Sachsen-Ring to the S.W. to the Volks-OarUn (PI. A, 2, 3; p. 28),
with a lake, and foimtains.
The Salier-^Bing (Pi. B, 0, 2), with the Technical CoUege (No. 32),
leads to the Barbarossa-JPlatz (PL 0, 2), a square adorned with
gardens »nd a fountain. In the Hohenstaufen-Bing (PL D, C, 2) are
the handsome Hohcnstaufen Baths (p. 29). In the Ziilpicher-Platz,
to the left, is the Roman Catholic Herz'Jesu-Kirche, by Schmidt of
Vienna (tower still to build). To the N.W. is the K5nigs-Platz,
with a Synagogue (PI. J>, 1) , erected in the Romanesque style in
1896-99. — In the short Hahshurger-Bing rises the Neue Stadt-
Theater (PL D, 2 j p. 28), erected in the baroque style by JT. Moritz
in 1900-1902. — Nearly opposite, in the Budolfs-PlatM, an import-
3int tramway- centre. Is the — ,
Hahnen-Tor (PL ,E, 2) , a massive town-gate of the early 13th
cent., with two towers, which has been restored and fitted up as a
Historical Museum of the City of Cologne (adm., see p. 30; visitors
ring). It contains chiefly objects and mementoes from the time
when Cologne was a free imperial city up to the end of the 18th cent,
(town-plans and views, banners, arms, Cologne stamps, dies, and
coins, and weights and measures).
From the HdhenzoUem-Bing (PL E, F, 2) and the Kaiser- Wil^
hdm-Bing (PL F, 2) streets lead to the left to the weU-kept Stadt-
Oartcn (p. 28). In the square in front of it is the new Protestant
54 Route 3. COLOGNE. e. Bing-Strasse.
Chmtvt'Kirche (PI. F, 2), by Wletliase from deBigns by Hartel and
Neckelmann, tbe interior of which also deserves attention. In the
gardens in the Kaiser -"Wilhelm- Ring are a Monument of Empress
Augusta (1903) and farther on, on a rocky base surrounded by
a fountain -basin, a colossal bronze Equestrian Statue of Emp.
William I (PI. F, G, 2), 36 ft. high, by R. Anders (1897). On
the red granite base are seated flg^es of Father Rhine and Oolonia.
— A little to the S.E. is the church of St. Gereon (p. 50). — la
the Hansa-Platt, in the middle of the Bansa-Ring (PL G, 3, 4), is
a large fragment of the old town-walls, known as the Oereonsmiihle,
Adjacent stands the *Hn8evim of Industrial Art /Tl. G, 3;,
erected in 1897-1900 from plans by Brantxky. Admission, see
p. 30 ; good catalogue (1902), 50 pf. Director, Dr. Otto von FaJke.
OMiind Floor. The glass-covered court is used for temporary exhibi-
tions. From the vestibule we ascend the staircase on the right. -^ Room I.
Hedieeval ecclesiastical furniture and ornaments. In Case 1 are *Ivory
Carvings, including the consecration-comb of St. Heribert (9991021) , Arch-
bishop of Cologne, and an oriental ivory casket (13th cent.). The other
eases contain carved caskets, enamels, embroideries, and metal-work.
Wall 7, *Antependium from the church of St. Ursula (i2th cent. 5 figures
of saiDts of the 14th cent.). Gothic stained-glass windows (14-15th cent.). —
Boom II. Domestic furniture of the Gothic period (15th cent). Also,
figures of Justice (ca. 1510) and paintings on glass (Adoration of the Magi;
1474) from the Rathaus. — Room III. Early-Renaissance furniture, etc.,
from the Lower Rhine. — Room IV. Late-Renaissance room (Cologne); the
wall-panelling and floor from the Spanish Building fp. 44). — Room V.
Stoneware, tiles, and building-materials from the Lower Rhine. Stained
glass of 1538 (Cologne). — Room VI. Cottage furniture. — Room VII. In-
dustrial art of the Renaissance in Italy, France, and Spain. Wall 39.
*Bronze door-knocker , by Qiovanni da Bologna. Cfase 45. ♦Palissy Ware.
Also, paintings on glass from Switserland and Cologne (to the left, St. Catha-
rine, by A, Woensam)' — Room VIII. German furniture, metal-work, and
ornaments of the High Renaissance period. *Stained Glass from Bale, in
the style of Hans Holhein the Younger (formerly at St. Blasien; 1528). —
Room IX. Baroque furniture from Cologne » and blown-glass. Case 63.
♦Glass from Venice and Cologne. — Gallkbies X-XIL Iron work from
the late-Gothi period to the 17lh century. In Gallery XII we may note the
balcony-railing ttom. Aix-Ja-Chapelle (173T).
First Floor. Room xni (to the right). Dutch and Low German fur-
niture (17th cent.). Dutch, German, French. Italian, and Swedish fayenee
(17-18th cent.). — Room XIV. German and French furniture of the 18th
century. — Room XV. European porcelain of the 18th cent., the German
potteries being especially well represented (*Cases 100 and 101. Hdchst
and Frankenthal porcelain). Wall 115. Sfevres porcelain. Case 81. Wedg-
wood and other English porcelain (18th cent.;. Wall 108. Louis XVI,
furniture. — Galxeet XXI. Cabinets 125-130. Book-bindings (14-18th cent.).
Cabinets 131, 132. Cutlery and tools. Wall-oabinets 153, 154. Portions of
the municipal silver-plate ; modern porcelain and plaquettes. -<- Room XVI.
Textile fabrics. — Room XVII. Oriental industrial art, including Chinese
and Japanese porcelain and Indian metal-work, etc. — Room XVIII is used
for temporary exhibitions. — Room XIX represents a Swiss room of the
late-Renaissance period (1660). — Gallbbt XX. Lace; furniture-ornaments
in the Empire style (ca. 1800). — Gallery XXI is adjoined by the large
Pallenbero Saloon, fitted up from M, Lechter^s designs at the expense of
Herr Pallenberg (d. 1900). — Gallbbt XXII. Embroideries; fans.
The first floor also accommodates the valuable Library of Industrial Art.
including a collection 6f patterns (catalogues, 2 Jf). Adm., see p. 29
(entrance on the E. side of the building in the evening).
Zoological Oarden, GOLOGNfi. 3. Route, 55
Farther on, on the rigkt, is the Commereial Sigh Sehooly bnilt in
1900, beyond which the Hansa-Bing is crossed by the iron arches
of the railway.
The Eigelstein-Tor (PI. G, 4), the N. fortified tower of the
medisval entrenchments, was restored in 1891, and is now fitted np
like the Hah^en-Tor (p. 63) as a Ht$torical Mweum, with models,
Tlews, portraits, and mementoes from the end of the 8th cent, on
(adm. see p. 30). — The Ring-Strasse is terminated by the Deutsche
Ring (PL H, 5), which is embellished with flower-beds, ponds, and
fountains. At its E. end, facing the Rhine, on a massive granite
base snrronnded by shrubs, stands a bronze Equestrian 8taiue of
Emp, Frederick III., by Ad. Brener (1903).
The ^Zoological Gkurdtn (admission, see p. 28), which lies to
the N. of the town, about 1 1/4 M. from the Central Station, may be
reached by tramway (No. 1, p. 28) or by steamboat (p. 29): From
the Deutsche Ring it is approached vifl the Riehler-Strasse (PI. H, 5 ;
tramway No. 5). Grounds well laid out; fine collection of animals. —
Adjacent la the Flora Garden (adm., see p. 28), with a handsome
winter-garden, a concert-room, a Victoria Regia house, and an
Aquarium, On the S. side of the garden is the Summer Theatre
(p. 28). — Beyond the Zoological Garden is the Sport-PlatMy with
.cycling track, tennis courts, shooting ranges, and restaurant. —
About 8/^ M. farther on is a bridge-of-boats leading to Miilheim
(p. 26). — Near the end of Tramway No. 4 (p. 29), in the Neusser-
Str., some way from town, is the Ra/ieeotune (meetings in April,
May, Sept. and Oct.).
To the S.W. of the town (tramway No. 7, p. 29), is the suburb
otLindenthal with many villas and the Stadtwald (Tovm Wood), a
district 480 acres in extent, planted in 1895. It is adjoined on tiie
S.W. by the older park of the Kitchsburg (Hauptrestaurant) and
the Big Pond ; on the W. is a hill commanding a good view and on
the N., near <^e Aix-la-Ohapelle road (tramway No. 8, p. 29), the
pretty Wald$chenke,
The extensive OetMtery, oa the road to Aiz-1»-Ghapelle, between the
Hfthnen-Tor (p. 53) and the Stadtwald, contains several fine monuments,
including those of Prof. Wallraf and Heir Richartz (p. 39), memorial
monamenti of the wars at 1866 and 1870-71, and a monument to the
memory of Freneh prisoners who died heve.
On the right bank of the Rhine, opposite Cologne, lies Denti
(railway-station, see p. 26), the tete-de-pont of Cologne, and the
Roman Castra Diifitensia. It existed as a fortress down to 1114,
after which it was repeatedly destroyed, as a settlement here would
ha^e been inconsistent with the priyileges of Cologne. Since 1816
Deutz has been fortified by the Prussians in connection with Co-
logne, with which it was formally Incorporated in 1888. The im-
posing Roman Catholic Church (?l, D, 6), by Plckel, is in the
56 Route 4, NEUSS. From Cologne
Romanesque style and was flnlslied in 1896. The treasury eontalns
the sumptuous shiine of St. Heribert, of the yeax 1147. The Qothlo
Protestant Johannis-Kirche (PL £, 6) was consecrated in 1861.
4. From Cologne to Nonas (DOsseldorf), Crefeld,
and Clove.
741/1 H. Railway to C{««« in 2-3Vthr8.; to DUueldorf in V4-l^^ hr.
Cologne^ see R. 3. — IV4 M. Nippes; 6 M. Longerich. — 9 M.
Worringen , perhaps the Bunmeum of the Romans.
In a battle fought here in 1388 between the citizens of Cologne and the
Brabanters under the Duke of Berg on one side , and the Archbishop of
Guelders on the other, the struggle between (he burghers and their arch-
bishop was decided in favour of the former (comp. p. 31).
13 M. Dormagen^ the Roman DumomaguB.
About 21/3 M. to the E., on the Rhine, lies Zons (Bender's Inn), the
Roman Sontivm, a small town with numerous towers, which once belonged
to Cologne. It is one of the best Rhenish examples of a medieeval fortified
town. The Premonstratensian abbey of Krlechtsteden ^ with a beautiful
Romanesque church (OUbatJier Dom) begun in 1138 and restored after the
fire of 1869, is situated 8 M. to the W.
18V8 M. Norf. To the right, farther on, the railway bridge of
the Nenss and Ddsseldorf line is seen in the distance (p. 62).
^^/iM, Vejiuf RheiniseherHof; Bron; Lcmgenbeckmann; Berg^ .
haus), mentioned as a Roman fortress in the annals of the Batayian
war, under the name Noveiiurriy is one of the oldest towns in
Germany. Pop. 30,494. In 1474 it was in Tain besieged by Charles
the Bold of Burgundy, and in 1586 it was conquered and treated
with great severity by Alexander Pamese. The Quirinus-Kirche,
an interesting building in the transition -style, begun in 1209
by the master Wolbero, is a basilica with nave and aisles, and with
towers over the crossing and over the W. end, which extemidly
forms a second transept. Above the aisles run galleries, and some of
the windows are peculiarly shaped. The rich ornamentation of the
W. part of the building demands attention. The extensive crypt
dates ftrom the 11th century. The E. tower, vrhich was re-erected
after its destruction by fire in 1741, is crowned with a Statue of
8t. QuirinuSj the patron-saint of the town, who was probably a
Roman soldier. — The late-Oothic Raihaus (1634^38), remodelled
in the ^Empire' style at the close of the 18th cent., contains a large
hall adorned with a series of historical paintings by Janssen. Jn the
Obertofy a large gate-house of the 13th cent, at the S. end of the
town, with two towers, is a small collection of Roman antiquities. —
Neuss formerly lay close to the Rhine, with which it is now con-
nected by a short canal, ending in a busy harbour.
From l^euss to Aix-lOrChapeUe and JHlueldor/y see R. 6} to I^eersen*
Ntuioerk and Kh«ydi-y%ert9ny see p. 61; to 2>i2ren, see p. 15.
An electric tramway runs from l^euss via Heerdt to Obercaiset^ and
across the bridge mentioned on p. 22 to DUsseldor/,
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ATLEtalt VULL
to Cleve, GREFELD. 4, Route. 57
*3S JUL. Otteraih. — 32 M. Oppum, the junotion for the line to
Hoohfeld-Duishurg (Bee p. 62).
34 M. Oreftld. — Hoteli. *Obxfsldbb Hop (PI. b; B, 4), Hoeh-8tr. 60,
K. 2V4-7Vt, B. 1, D. 8 UT; •Bsbtb (PL c; C, 8), Ost-WaUj •Bbltz (PI. a;
B, 3), at the eorner of Bhein-Str. and Friedrich-Str., R. 2V«t B. 1, D. 2Vt Ul;
OoMPBBTZ (PI. g: C, 4) Ost-Wall 87, recenlly enlarged, well spoken of;
Stadt HthrCHBN, Hoch-Str. 43, unpretending hut very fair; Bonoabtz*
Gbubbb Wald (PI. d; C, 1), fioch-Str. 8. — Restauranta. *Kraeker, Oat-
waU 6h £»zler, Kfinigs-Str. 30, D. from IV2 Jf; Pattern, Ost-Wall 140:
Brueren, Rhein-Str. 81. — Baths at the Btadibad, Neusser-Str. 63. ~ Slectrio
l^ramwayt through the chief streets. — Bteam Tramways to DUueMorf
(p. 21), U^fdingen (p. 62), MiOi (p. 62), etc. — American Oonaul, T. R.
Wallaeej £tq.
Crefeld, with 110;410 inhab. (37,000 in 1860, 73,000 in 1880),
an important railway-centre and the seat of the chief silk and velvet
manufactories in Germany, is first mentioned by name in a docn-
ment of 1166 and obtained munidpal privileges in 1373. On the
extinction of the Connts of Moers in 1600 it came into the hands
of the Princes of Nassan and Orange, and in 1702 it fell by inherit-
ance to the crown of Prussia. The manufactories of Crefeld and its
environs at present employ about 20,000 power and other looms and
produce fabrics of an annual value of about 4,000,000^., more than
one fourth being exported to England and America.
In the West-Wall is the Rathaus (PL B, 3), with good frescoes
(Battle of Arminius) by P. Janssen. — In the same street, farther
to the S., is the Empbrob Wtlliam Musbxtm (PL B, 4), completed
in 1897 (open daily, except Mon., 10 to 1 and 2 to 4 or 5; adm. 50 pf.,
free on Sun. and Wed. afternoons).
On the staircase is a statue of Emp. William I., by ^erfo^. — Gbound
F1.00B (r.). Rhenish wood-carvings, pottery, furniture, weapons, glass, and
china of the Lower Rhine (iSth cent.) ; objects from E. Asia. — Fibst Floob.
In the ante-room. The Blacksmith, a figure by Const, Umnier (1896). In the
other rooms furniture and sculptures of the Italian Renaissance (Luca
and Andrea della Robbia; Donatello) ^ modern paintings (portraits of Emp.
WillJAm I., Leo XIII., and Bismarck, hj Le^ack; Luna and Endymion, by
Hans Thoma; pictures by Dill^ Mokrhutter^ Von Volhmann^ Von Wilk^ etc.).
In the Nord-Wall are the new Chamber of Commeree and the
Commercial' School. — The Textile Academy (PI. A, 6) contains
an interesting Textile Mmeum, and the rooms are decorated with
frescoes by A. Baur, referring to the silk-industry.
In th0 Ost-Wall are monuments in honour of Cornelius de Oteiff
(PI. 6; 0, 2), the philanthropist, Karl WUhelm (PI. 7; 0, 3), com-
poser of the 'Waeht am Rhein' (1864), and Afoftfc* (PI. 9; 0, 4).
To. the N.E., in the Bismarck-Platz, rises a bronze statue of BiS'
marek (PI. 4; D, i), hy Eberlein.
On the Gladbach road, 3 H. to the 8. of Crefeld, is a memorial of
the battle of Crefeld, in which Ferdinand of Brunswick, one of Frederick
the Great's generals, defeated the French on June 28rd, 1758. — The JTiM-
ser Berff (p. 62), AM. to the "S. of Crefield, is often visited thence. —
Kew harbour on the Rhine at Homberg, see p. 62.
41i/2M.Kempen {Herriger; Eulen; Keuter, with old wall-paint-
ings), an ancient town with 6300 inhabitants. The StifU-Kirche, a
58 RouU 4, XANTEN. From Cologne
Gothic edifice with a Romanesque tower, contains some fine sedilia
(carred by Joh. Gruter in 1486) and choir-staHs (1493). TheCasOe,
with its thiee towers, wkieh now contains the gynmasium, was
bnilt in 1380-84 by Friedrich m. of Saarwerden, Archbishop of
Cologne. The Kuhtor^ a brick building of the 14th cent., recently
restored, contains the Municipal Collection of Antiquities (key at
the Rathaus), including cabinets, wood-carvings of the 16-17th
cent., portraits, weapons, and Roman and Frankish antiquities.
Thomas a Kempis (1380-1471), supposed author of the 'Imitatio
Christ!', is commemorated by a bronze statue (by Piedbceuf; 1901)
in the Kirch-Platz. — Tramway to Kevelaer (see below) vifiStraelen.
Branch-lines to VerUo (p. 62) and Viersen (p. 62).
46 M. Aldekerk; 48V2 M. Nieukerk.
53 M. Oeldarn (H6tel Dahlhausen), with 6561 inhab., once the
capital of the Duchy of Guelders, has belonged to Prussia since 1713.
Onr line here intersects the railway from Venlo and Siraelen (old Gotbic
church with many art-treasures) to Wesel, Huaster, Bremen^ and Hamburg.
Stations between Geldern and Wesel: 4 M. Juum; 7 M. Bdnninghardt
(p. 69); 10 M. MenzeUn (p 60): 12Vi M. BUderieh, on the left bank of the
Rhine, rebuilt since 1816 on the Rhine, which the railway crosses lower
down. 17Vs H. WeBel, see p. 18.
The train crosses the Niers. 681/2 M. Kevelaer (frequented by
pilgrims). To the right lies Wtssen, with the handsome restored
chjlteau of Baron von Loe. — 62 M. Wedze,
66V2 M. Goch (JS6L Giahertz, very fair;, wiih 10,232 inhab., an
important place in the middle ages, also a station on the line firom
Boxtel to Wesel , traversed by the express trains from Berlin to
Flushing (Berlin to London In 21 hrs.).
Fkom Gogh to Wksel, 24 M., railway in V^-l'A hr. — 8 M. JYeussiieh-
Uedem; 8 M. Uedemerbruch ; SVa M. Labbeck.
12 V2 M. Xanten (fftfvelmann^ Bchwerdt)^ a town of great antiquity,
with 4021 inhab., is mentioned in the 'Nibelungenlied*, as the birth-
place of Siegfried the dragon-slayer (p. 94). The Gcaira Vetera of the
Romans, founded by Augustus between B.C. 16 and 13 as winter-quarters
for two legions, and the headquarters of Roman operations on the
Lower Rhine until its destruction by the Bataviq^s in 71 A.D., lay on the
Fiirstenberg (see below). The ^Collegiate Church of St. Victor^ erected in
1263-1512 , is a gem of Gothic architecture , illustrating the entire devel-
opment bf the style. The two Romanesque towers (216 ft. high) belonged
to an earlier structure. The interior is adorned with paintings by Bart,
de Brvyn (1534) and other artists, and contains fine wood-earrings, tapestry,
and stained glass (14- 17th cent.). By the piers are lifesize statues pf the
14-16th centuries. The rood-screen is of stone, and the entire choir is
enclosed by an early -Gothic panelled screen, covered by old tapestry.
Between the choir and the sanctuary is a li^ht brass screen , with three
arches. In front of the high-iUtar is a fine bronze candelabrum firom
Maastricht, in the form of an arch (1501). The sacristy contains <K>me valuable
ecclesiasticid vestments, including those of St. Bemhard (11th cent.), while
there are some fine reliquaries and ivory carving^ of the 5-15th cent, in
the treasury. — In front of the 3. portal are large Stations of the Chross,
datine fh>m 1525-86. The Chapel of St. Michael (15th cent.) and the Ckvtr'
Tor (1393) are also interesting buildings. The Sathaui^ contains a good
collection of Roman antiquities (adm. 50 pf.). — Fine view from SoMou
FUrstetiberg, 1 U. to the S.E., on the hlU of that name. ~ Steamer to Wetely
see p. 19.
FortJqt^unji siehe Kartori
M
\^f
4^
■*AV ■ f- ■ ^- .
%
f.»#„;4iv/ ,...4!^' Asa.
1 i.-'.l« ■■■■. ii ■..:■■ • •■■•:.v-'.»:.x- -.m ■■ v\ ^~- -'^^ ?
.1 vrHKTuTnF H .? ipis ? IJ llll 3siJi>i'
to CUve. OLEVE. 4, RouU, 59
To tbe K. of (16 M.) Birtm is a Boman amphitheaire , 820 ft. in dia-
meter. — 18^9 K. Bilderieh^ also a station on Uie Wesel and Venlo line
(p. 58). — 24 M. Wuel (p. 18).
69 M. Pfaltdorf, near the Reiehtwald (p. 60), with 2700 Inhah.,
founded along with the neighbonrlng villages of Louisendorf and
Bonninghardt (p. 58) under Frederick the Great by Protestant emi-
grante from the Palatinate (Tfalz) In 1741.
74V2 ^* CSleve. — Hotels (all with gardens). Bad-H6t£L A H6tel
$TTBUM, |o the W, of the town, in the Tiergarten, R. S-i, pens. 6-8 •#,
connected with iht FrUdrich-WilMmihady a hydropathic $ Prinzbnhof (see
below), on an eminence to the S.E. of the town, with a large park \ H5tbl
BoBBBBs, in the Ticrgarten, B. 2-3, B. 1, pens. 6-7 Jtf Matwald, on the
hill to the S. of the town, B. 3, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 1 Jf; Loogk, opposite
ihe post-office, very fair i Holtzbm, near the palace, B. 2-272. B. 1, penst
5-6 Jf; Bhbinischbb Hop, at the station. — Beer: Lampe; Deutscher
KaiMr; 0r9t$8r Kw/Unt (stucco ceiling of 1677). — Caf^Retiaurcmt Kaiter
FrUdrich, Haagsche-Str.
Ylsitora* Tax, for a stay of more than a week, 6 •#. — Kneipp ItuU"
guU (Dr. Bergmann), to the 8.W. of tiie town.
Fost Otteo, Haagsehe-Strasse.
Cleve^ Dutch Kleef(j^O]^. 14,684), once the capital of the duchy of
that name, U beautifully situated on the slope of a wooded hill,
which at an early period formed the bank of the Rhine, and is
much frequented by Dutch families In summer. The chalybeate
spring is an additional attraction.
On a picturesque eminence in the town rises the Palact of the
former dukes, generally called the Schwanenhurg (now a law-court
and prison), with the lofty ^Schwanen-Tufm (fine view), erected by
Adolph I. In 1439, on the site of a Boman tower. In the courtyard
are Romanesque portals (now built up) and a Roman altar found in
the Tlcinity. The legend of the 'Knight of the Swan', so widely
known from Wagner's opera of 'Lohengrin', is localised at Gleve,
where an appropriate monument has been erected in the Kleine
Harkt. A 8tat%u of the Elector John Sigiamund (d. 1619) by Bayerle,
ereeted near the palace in 1859, is a memorial of the annexation
of the district to the Electorate of Brandenburg In 1609. — The
BaihauB contains a few antiquities (including some good Roman
bronzes) and some pictures.
The Gothic Stifls-Kifche^ \n Imposing brick edifice, erected in
1341-56, contains monuments of Counts and Dukes of Cleve, the
finest those of Adolph YI. (d. 1394) and Margaretha von Berg
(d, 1425).
To the S.E. of the town lies the Printenhofy erected in 1664 by
Prince Maurice of Orange (d. 1679), Governor of Cleve (appointed
by the Elector of Brandenburg), and now a hotel and pension. The
NaMan All^, with Its old lime-trees, extends along the hill-slope
to tbe 8t9mbu8chy whence a road leads to the left to the Hdtel"
Pension Haus Freuderiberg (pens. 5 ulf), formerly a hunting-lodge
of Prince Maurice, II/2 M. from Cleve, and thence to ^Berg und
ThaP (H6t.-PenB. Sondeikamp), another summer-resort. — Towards
60 Route 4. CALCAR.
the W. lie the hills known as the Tiefgarien^ laid out with pleasant
park -like grounds (1654), which adjoin the road and railway to
Nymwegen. — The CUver Berg (336 ft.), to the S. of the Tier-
garten, commands one of the most beautiful views on the Lower
Rhine. In the foreground lies Cleve, and farther off the villages
of Qualburg and Bedburg, phateau Moyland, and the towns of Calcar,
Xanten, Wesel, Rees, Emmerich, etc.
At the village of Brienen^ 2^% H. to the N. of Gleve, is a monnment
erected in 1811 to Johanna Bebw^ whom Goethe celebrated for her heroism
daring an inundation of the Rhine. — The ReichswtOd, iVt M. to the S.W.
of Cleve, is the largest forest in the Bhenish province (lYjOOO acres).
Beyond Cleve the Bhenish Railway pursues its N. direction, crosses
the Rhine by means of a steam -ferry near stat Elten^ and at stat.
Zevenaar unites with the Dutch line to Amsterdam and Rotterdam (R. 2) ;
see also Baedeker^t Belgium and Holland.
To Nymwegen by railway vi& Oroetbeck and Ofanenhurg in 40 min. \
comp. Baedeker''i Belgium and Holland. — To Emmerich by motor-omhibU0
4nd ferry, see p. 18.
Fbou Glbvb to Doisbubo via HObs, 44 M., railway in ca. 2s/4 hra.
(fares 4 UT 30, 2 UT 90 pf.). — At (5V2 M.) TiU-Moyland it CMteau Mo^nd,
an imposing brick building of the 16th cent., restored by Zwirner (1864
et seq.). Its owner. Baron von Stcengracht, possesses the finest private
picture-gallery on the Lower Rhine, comprising good examples of^ Frans ,
Hals, Van Dyck, Van der Heist, Moreelse, Honthorst, Jan Steen, Palamedee, '
Brueghel, Hobbema, and Wynants (adm. on application in the court).
71/2 M. Oalcar (Kuypers), a smaU town with 1900 inhab., was in 1490-1640
the seat of a school of wood-carying. which derived its inspiration fh>m HoU
land. It was also the birthplace of the celebrated Prussian General 8eyd-
litz (d. 1778), the conqueror at Rossbach, a handsome monument of whom,
by Bayerle, adorns the market-place. The CTmreh 0/ St. NichoUu, a Gothic
structure of the 15th cent., is a veritable museum of wood-carving, with
its altars, choir-stalls, and candelabra. Its chief glory is the high-altar
(1493-1600), with wings painted by Jan Joest of Haarlem, who worked at
Calcar in 1605-8. By St. George's altar i : apredella, with seven saints by
Heinrieh DUnwegge^ and over St. Anne's altar is a Death of the Virgin by
a Westphalian master of about 1460. The Raihaus (1436-45) and several
brick houses with gables also deserve notice.
IOV2 M. Appeldom; I2V2M. Jfarienbaum, with a pilgrimage-church. —
16 M. Xanten, see p. 58. — 22 H. Menzelen is the junction for the Boztel
and Weael line (p. 53). — 23 M. Alpen; 25 M. MUlingm. 26VsH. Rk&ktberg
(Bienen; Borgmann), an ancient place with 2900 inhab., is well-known for
its ^boonekamp' bitters. It was besieged nine times between 1683 and 1633.
The R. G. church contains a carved altar-piece of the Gakar School. -^
80 M. R^elen.
d3i/s M. K5rf (EihUgUeher Eof^ R. k B. from 2Vs, D. 21/3 UT, Le^chet
Hauiy both very fair: Poit)^ an active industrial town with 18,236 inhab.,
contains a Chdteau (now public property) of the old Counts of MSrs^
whose domains passed to Prussia in 1702. Branch-lines vun hence to Crtfeld
(special station) and to Homberg (p. 62).
38V2 M. Trompet (p. 62). — 39V2 M. Rhtinhausen and thence to (44 M.)
Duishurg^ see p. w.
5. From Aizola-Cliapelle to Dusseldorf yi& Gladbach.
64 M. Railway in 1V4-3 hrs. (fares 7 «#, 5 «# 90, 3 «# 00 pf . ; express
7 ur 90, 6 ur 80, 4 ur 70 pf.).
This railway has two stations at Aix-la-Ohapelle, one at the Mat'
aehier-Tory the other at the Templerbtnd (oomp. p. 3). — At (3V2M-)
GLADBAOH. Map^ p. 66. -- d. RouU. 61
Bichterich the MaasMcM Line diverges to the left. The tall chim-
neys neat (5^2 M.) KohUeheidt belong to coal-mines (branch-line
to Wiirselen, p. 15). About IV2 ^« ^om Eohlscheidt rises the
pieturesqne ruin of WUhelmsUin (restaurant). The train now de^
scends into the pleasing and partly wooded valley of the Wurm»
8 M. Htriogenrath (BiUerfeld; Prinx su Schaumburg-Lippe^
B, IV2-3 JKjj French Roldue (pop. 4676), with an old castie. The
suppressed Abbey of Klosterrath (now a school) crowns a height
on the left. The church, lately decorated by M. Gbb'bels, dates
from 1209, and its crypt from 1108. Branch-lines to Stolberg (p. 14)
and to Sittard,
• On the left, near (I2V2M.) Palenberg, rise the chateaux of Rim-
burg and Zweihruggen^ and at (16^2^*) OeUenkirchen (Harst) that of
Trips. The train then traverses the undulating Duchy of Jiilich or
Juliers, and between (20 M.) Lindem and (24^2 M.) Baal crosses
the valley of the fiocr (p. 16). — 271/2 M. Erkeleni (Adler), an old
town with 8169inhab., the picturesque ruins of a castle destroyed in
-1674, and a late-Gothic Rathaus. The church of the 14th cent,
has a new iron spire 270 ft. high. Monuments to Emp. William T.,
by Kilnne (1898), and Emp. Frederick, by Pehle (1906). — 33 M.
Wiekrathy with a government stud.
S6V2 M, Sheydt (J^ges, R. & B. from 3, 0. 2 Of; Rekhshof;
tramways to Gladbach and Odenkirchen, etc.), with 40, 161 inhab.,
is the junction of the Gladbach-Roermond- An twerp line (see p. 62)
and of the Left-Rhenish line yii Gladbach and Neersen-Neuwerk
to CrefeldCp, 57j 15 M. in 1 hr.) or to Neuss (p. 56; 17 M., in 1 hr.).
About 6 M. to the E. of Bheydt is siiuated SehloM Dyck, the ch&teau
of Priaee Salm-Beifrerscheid-Krautheim, with beantifal grounds (good
inn. opposite the gate of the chateau). — Schlo*» Liedherg^ 9 M. to the If.
of Dyck, commands an extensive prospect.
38M. Gladbach (*Htrf8, R.2-4, B. 1, D*. with wine 3, S. 21/4 uT;
Kothtn; DeutBchee Haua, Europdischer Hof, R. & B. 3-38/4 Jf,
Rheiniieher Hof^ these three nearer the station; tramway from the
station to Odenkirchen via Rheydt, and to Hardi) is an important
manufactoring town of 60,714 inhab., and one of the centres of
the Rhenish cotton, woollen, iron, and engine-making industries.
To distinguish it from another place of the same name (p. 26) it is
termed Munchen- Qladbach ^ the epithet Miinchen {i.e, 'Mdnchen*
or monks) being derived ftrom a Benedictine abbey, founded in 972
and suppressed in 1802, to which the town owes its origin. Ad-
mission to any of the numerous factories or dye-works is usually
granted by the owner on application. The imposing brick edifice
to the right of the Bergisch-Markisch station i» a spinning and
weaving factory. Several important insurance societies hJive their
headquarters here. The early-Gothic choir of the Miinster-Kirohey
consecrated in 1275, is supposed to have been built by Meister
Gerard (p. 32); the Romanesque crypt and the basement of the
tower are of the 11th cent., the nave of the beginning of the
62 n<mue.--Map,p.6e. viebsen.
IStli oenttury. The treasnry contains « line Itte^GotMe porUUe
altar and other interesting objects. In the Kaiser-Platz is a statae
of Emp. William I. by Eberlein, and in front of the station ie one
of Bismarck by Schaper. — The Mnseum contains various antiquities
and the beginning of a historical textile collection. The continuation
of the Bahnhof-Strasse leads to the Kaiter-Park^ in which i« the
Kaiser-Friedrich-Halle, for concerts and theatrical entertainments.
Oladbach i§ the jnnetioii of the Or^ld and Ho^Od-DmitSurg line
(see R. 6). Oladbach is alao on the Bheydt A Keuss Railway (Left Rheniah
Line ; see p. 61), with two BtKaonB^OUuibaeh-Bdket and Oladhach'Speik.
Fbom Gladbach to AifTWBKp, 99 M., railway in 4hrs., see Baedeker^t
Belgium and Holland.
From Oladbach to Juliers (JiMch)^ EaehwHlery and Stolberg^ see pp. 15, 14,
The line now tarns towards the E., trayenes a flat, arable, and
partly wooded tract, and leads to (41 M.) Corsehehbroich^ (43 M»)
Kleinenbroichf and (48^2 M.) IXexuB (p. 56), the junction of the
Aix - la - Chapelle - Dusseldorf , Cologne - Gref eld, and Duren-Neuse
lines. The train crosses the BUm by an iron bridge of four arches,
beyond which, to the left, opens a fine view of DQsseldorf . — 52 Vj M.
Duiseldorf'BUki 54 M. Du$$ddorf, Cental Station (p. 20).
6. From Oladbach to Crefeld, Dnisburg, ajid Essen.
39 M. Railway in 1V2-2 hrs. (fares 5 Jf, 8 Jf 80, 2 UT 00 pf.).
Munchen-Oladbach, see above. — 3 M. JSeUnabrunn, — SVa M.
Yiersen (Oansen; DalUhausen^ both very fair), a town with 27,689
inhab. and extensiye manufactories of silks, plush, and yelvet
ribbons. The late- GK>thic parish-church dates from the 15th century.
The JSohenbu8e\ with a park, commands an extensive view.
A line diverges benee to Fen/o, the junction of the Dutch railways to
FhuMng and RoUerdam, to the W., and to the 8, to Mamtrkht. See
Baedeker^t Belgium and Molland.
Fbom Viebsbn to Moebs vii Cbbfbld, 26 M., railway with numerous
ramifications. At (ls/4 M.) BO^teln the line forks, one branch running vi&
Vora and at. Tdnis to the (11 M.) 8. SUtion at fir^eld* The main line
proceeds vi& SUchtelnvOnt (junction for Gr^frath), Odty Bchmalbroich^ Kempen
(p. 57), and St. EuberL to (13 M.) Hm. Thence it goes on vii Iwa(h to
the (16 M.) N. Station and then the (18 M.) 8. Station at Or^Od, or vi&
EnUer Berg (for the hiU of that name), Ni9p, and CaftlUn to (35 M.)
Mors (p. 60).
The Crefeld line next crosses the Nofd'Canaly began by Na-
poleon, but neyer completed, and the river Niera, and then trayeraes
some drained marshland. 9 M. Anrath.
14 M. Crefeld (p. 57), the junction of lines to Mora (see above)
to Rheydt (p. 61), to Cologne and Gleve (B. 4), and to Bomberg
(Bellevue, Meurer), a busy riyer-port, vi& Verdingen and Trompet
(p. 60). — 151/2 M. Oppum (p. 57); 171/2 M. Linn.
I81/2 M. Uerdingen (KeUntr, very fair), a commercial town on
the Bhint {Jl2i&ll inhab.), with extensiye liqueur and sugar manu-
factories, ia the junction of the line to Homberg and Buhrort. -<-
ALTENBERG* Map, p, 66. — 7. RouU. 63
23 M. Bkeinhaitieii, wHh a harbomr and iron- works, is the junction
for tlie railway from Oleve to Dnisttirg (see p. 60J.
The railway crosses the Rhine hy a bridge 1040 yds. long. —
26 M. Hoehfdd. — 271/2 M. DniBbnrg (p. 19). — 31 M. Styrum,
the junction for (2 M.) Oberhausen Cp- 19) and (6V2 M.) Ruhr-
ort Q, 19).
32V2 M. Xillheim an der Bohr (H6UI Betze^ good; Monapol;
DortmunderHof^ plain), a prettUy situated town with 93,598 inhab.,
surrounded with coal-pits and iron- works. — 38 M. AUendorf, As
Essen is approached we gain a view to the left of Krupp'a Cast Steel
Worfcf, with their huge chimneys, a vast establishment of world-
wide celebrity (aboot 29,000 workmen).
39 M. Essen (EssenerHof, Rheinischer Hof, Berliner Hof, etc.),
see Ikieddcer^s Norihem Oermawy.
7. From Cologne and Dnsseldorf to Elberfeld.
From Cologne to Slberfeld, 28 M., railway in i-lVs br. — From
Diisaeldorf to Elberfeld, le*/, M., in •/♦•I kr.
From Cologne to EiiBEttPBLD. Cologne, see p. 26. To (3 M.)
MiUheim am Rhein, see p. 26 ; 8 M. Scklebusck. — IOV2 M. Opladen
(Jansen; Tillmanns), an industrial town of 4200 inhab., on the
Wuppety is the junction of lines to Dtisseldorf and Remscheid.
Fbom Opladbk to Rbmschbid vii LsNNEP, 20V« M., railway in I'A-
I'/s br. !niis line aflforda opportunity for two attractiTe excnrsions to the
territory of the former duchy of Berg. — 6 M. Bfjortcheid ^ost) ia about
2 M. from Altonbttrg (KMer)^ a small town charmingly situated in the finest
part of the wooded and romantic raUey of the Dhihi. The MMey Church of
Altenberg, known as the Bergisahir Dotn, was built in 1256-79 for a Gisterdan
abbey founded by the brothers Adolf and Eberhard, Counts of Berg, in 1138.
It is a large cruciform edifice, resembling Cologne Cfathedral, without towers,
with a double-aisled choir, and a chevet of pentagonal chapels. The choir
and nare contain a series of fine stained-glass windows (grisaille) of the
IS-lith cent.: the large W. window shows saints under golden canopies
(ea. 1380-88). In the choir are the tombs of the Counts of Berg, the finest being
those of Gerhard I. (d. 1360) and Adolf VI. (d. 1348). In the X. transept is
the fine brass of Count Eberhard Cd- 1166). The buttresses above the naye-
aisle? are of a peculiar shape and are not pierced, though serving the
purpose of flying buttresses. — To the W. is the ^Chapel of St. Mark , a
gem of the transition style (1226), with paintings of the lath century. —
From Altenberg to Bergi$ch-Gladbach^ see p. 26.
121/s M. WtrmeUkirchen (Bergischer HoO is tbe junction of a branch-
line to Burg (PflUfraO, in Unterburg), prettily situated in the valley of
the Wupper and commanded by the *8chlo»t Burg (adm. 20 pf.i Schloss
Bestaurant), long the seat of the Counts of Berg. This interesting building,
founded about 1140 and enlarged in the 15-16th cent., was carefully rebuilt
on the old lines In 1890^. The two-storied 'Palas' dates from 1220 (restored).
The *Ritter-Saal% in, the ^pper story, has been adorned with frescoes of
scenes from locsQ history. The adjoining structure was rebuilt in 1892
and the chapel was embellished with frescoes in 1903. The fortifications
and towers are well preserved. The fountain in the court (by Courbellierj
1903) commemorates Count Adolf. In the upper story of the Palas is the
Zoe€aJiv$tomy including portraits, views, antiquities, and seulptures. Fine
view from the *Ritter-Saal* and the N. terrace. From Burg to the Emp.
William Viaduct, see p. 64.
64 Boute 7. — Mapy p. 5^. BLBEBFELD.
17>/t K. Lmnep i^Bwlhier Bof). a eloth-maldBg town of 11,600 ilibab., iB
the junction for several lines^ -r 20^/2 M. Remsch^ (Weinberg; Engliscber
Hof), with 64,841 inhab., is an important centre for the mannfacture of
ironmongery.
13 M. Leicfdingen, — I6V2 ^- OhUgs^ the junction of the line
from Diisseldorf to Solingen, Remscheid, and VohwinkeL
Bolii^en (Eggert; Deuticht* ffau»\ American Consul. /. /. Longer), with
45,564 inhab., is one of the most important seats of the manufacture of
cutlery in the world. Solingen blades were famous in the middle ages.
Beyond Schab^rg^ the next station, the train crosses the yalley of the
Wupper by the imposing ^Kaiser Wilhelm Briioke (Emp. William Viaduct),
the central arch of which is 560 ft. in span and 350 ft. above the river.
Its total length is 166T ft. The best view of it is obUined from the path
descending into the valley from Scbabeiy station. Below is an inn, and on
the heights of the opposite bank is the Schloss Klippelstein Restaurant.
About 1 M. upstream is MUngiten^ while a pleasant Ibrest-path ascends to
(1 hr.) Bwg (see p. 63), crosbing the Wupper by a bridge (5 pf.).
I8V2 M. Haan, — 21 M. Omiten, and thence to Elberfeld,
see below. .
From DDssbldoef to Elbb&fbld. — 3 M. Qerrcsheim has a fine
church of 1236. — 6 M» Erkrath. — 7 M. Bpchdahl, with an iron
foundry.
At (10 M.) Grulten (see above) we join the line from Cologne. —
I2V2 M. Vohwinkel, the junction of the line to (20 M.) Steele, an
important coal-railway. Beyond (14 M.) Sonnborn the train crosses
the Wupper y and calls at Zoologischer Garten and Steinbeck, two
suburban stations of Elberfeld.
I6V2 M. Elherfetd'Doppersberg, the chief station for Elberfeld ;
171/4 M. VnUr-Bcumcn; 1 9 V4M. Barmen; 20^^^, Barmen-RitUrB-
hausen,-
Hotels in Elberfeld (restaurants at most). *Weidbkhop (PL a; F, 4),
with lift, B. from 3, B. 1, D.SJf; Eubopaisc&eb Hop. with lift, R. A B.
from 2JH5 pf., D.2JI; EAissBHOFi H6t£L Bbistol; Post, B. A B. from
2^2 Jti Mainzeb Hof; Tbibbxb Hof) Union, Scblossbleiche 32 (PI. F, 3),
R. 2^/2 Jt. commercial: Honopol (PI. c; G, 3), B. & B. 2V2 J(; Klbin
(Pl.b; F,4), B. & B. 2V4 Jt. — Hotels in Barmen. Vooxleb (PI. a; E.4),
B. 2V«-A, B. 1, D. 2Vt Ur, good; ScHerzENHAOs (PI. b; E, 4), B. 2-2V^
B. V4, D. at 1 p.m. 2V4UI; Dbutscues Haus (PI. d; E, 4); EyANOELiscaBS
Vbbeinshaus (Pi. 27) E, 4), near the station, B. lVs-2 Jtf Bhbikischeb
Hof, in the town.
Restaurants at Elberfeld: At the hotels; also, RattkeUer; WUlemsm,
Eonigs-Str., with a garden; Hofbriu; AltdeuUche Bierhalle; Uimmelmann,
Schwanen-Str. 26 (wine). — At Barmen : Theatre Restaurant, next door to
the Hdtel Vogeler; StadtfMlle; Luftkurhau* (p. 66).
Gabs. For 1-2 pers. 60 pf. per drive ) V^ br. 1, 1 hr. iVs, each addit.
Vshr. 3/4 *M; luggage 25-00 pf.; double fares at night and for first-class
cabs. — Electric Tramwayt^ see Plan. An Elevated Tramway (electric) be-
tween Rittershausen, Elberfeld. Barmen, and (41/2 M.) Vohwinkel. — Electric
Light Railways from Elberfeld to (5 H.) Ronsaorf; and via Xevlgea and
Veibert to (14 M.) Wtrden; from Barmen vi& Bonsdorf and Clarenbach to
(8 M.) Bemscheid (see above); etc.
American Oonsul» at Barmen, Theodore J. Bluthardt; Vice -Consul,
/. A. Bitter shaus,
English Ghurch Service in the Lutheran Church.
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BASMEN. 7. Route. 65
The sister^towoiB of Elbeffeld and BartMrhf together with the
Just-mentioned and other snbnrban Tillages, now together form a
single large manufacturing town, whleh flIU the bottom and extends
up the sides of the valley, and is intersected by the railway, the
highroad with a tramway-line, and the Wupper. They have risen
to great importance since the middle of last century, now contain
318,631 inhab. (Elberfeld, 162,483; Barmen, 156,148), and rank
among the richest industrial towns on the continent. The chief
products of their very numerous and extensive factories are cotton,
calico, silk, ribbons, Turkey-red dyed goods, soap, candles, and
chemicals. Since the introduction of power-looms the value of the
cotton and silk manufactures has risen to upwards of TVs million
pounds annually. The old parts of the towns are Irregular and con-
fined, but the modern portions contain many fine private buildings.
Elberfold contains many benevolent institutions, and is famous for
its admirable system of poor-relief.
The finest part of Elberfeld is the quarter to the S.W., round
the K6n1gs-Str. (PI. A-F, 3, 4>, the Briller-Str. (PL E, 3, 2), and
the Sadowa-Str. (PI. D, 3). The principal public edifices are the
new Rathaus, in the Neumarkt (PI. F, 3); the Reformierte Kirehe
(PI. 7} E» 3), designed by Zwirner; and the Landseriehts-Oebaude
(PI. 17 J H, 4), or courts of law, with a picture of the Last Judg-
ment by Baur in the principal hall. The old Rathaus (PL 18;
F, 3, 4) contains the interesting Municipal Museum. In the Konigs-
Platz (PL F, 3) is a War Monument (PL 4) by Albermann. In the
Brausenwerther^latz, the Neumarkt, and ti^e Sohlossbleiche are
statues of Emp. William I, (PL 3; F, 4), Emp. Frederick (PL 2,
F 3; both by Eberlein), and Bismarck (PL 1, F 4; by Brunow).
The Sardt (PL of Barmen, A, B, 3, 4) , to the E., where there are a
monument to St. Seitbertns and another war-monument, commands a
pleasing view. A finer view is obtained from the KGnigthQM on the Kiet-
berg, 2 M. to the S. W. of the town (restaurant and view-tower ; PI. B, C, 6).
On the tlope of tiiitf Eiesberg lies the Zoological Gotten (PL A, 4, 5;
railway* station, see p. 64). — To the W. are the promenades of the Eaiser-
h5he on the Nittzmherg (PI. 0, D, 8 ; restaurant), with the reservoir of the
town water-works.
In Barmen the chief buildings are the J^otestofil Church (PL 16;
0,4), designed by Hfibsch; the Missionshaus (PL 0, 3), containing
an interesting collection of curiosities from foreign countries (adm.
50 pf.); and the Ruhmeshalle (PL 25 ; F, 4), or Hall of Fame, which
contains statues of Emp. William I., Emp. Frederick, and Emp.
William II., as well as yarlons collections. In front of the old Bat-
haus is a bronze Statue of Bismardc. The Town Museum (PL 19 ;
E, 4) contains a collection of natural history.
On the S. side ate the new Town Hall (Tl. E, 5), the War Mon-
ument (PL 4), and monuments to E, RUtershaus, the poet (1884-97)
and F. W. Dorpfeld (1824-93), the educationist, surrounded by
pleasant gronndiB. Farther to the S. is the Barmer WaM, with the
TdU$ Tufm (PL D, 6)^ a b^yedere (electric tramway in V4 ^-i ^ P^O-
Baxdkkeb's Bhine. 16th Edit. 5
L
66 BouU 8. — Map, p. 69. SIEGBURG.
Adjaeent is the LuftkurkatUy a health-resort (peas, with room
4^2-6 ufO* ^e may retarn to the E. through the shady Mwmdbaeh-'
Tal (1 hr.), or proceed to the W., OTer the Kainr FrUdrieh Hok€
(PL A, 6) to (1 hr.) Elberfeld.
Fboic Blbbrfbld to Haosn, 16 M,, in 1 hr. The liae akivts the £.
side of the valley of the Wupper. It then crosaea the Wnpper, quits the
Duchy of Berg, and enters the County of Mark. The rirer anciently
formed the boundary between the Franks and Saxons, and now separates
the Bhineland from Westphalia. — 7 M. Sehwefan (H-iM «»fi Jt^t^nn),
a town with 18,467 inhabitants. Farther on the train passes the Scbwelmer
Brunnen, a chalybeate spring, and through several cuttings. — 9i/s H.
MiUpe, Pleasing view up the valley of the £nnepe^ which the train
crosses by embankments and a viaduct, 100 ft. high. — 10 Vs M. &tv«i$htrg^
a town consisting of a long row of detached houses. The stream turns
the machinery of numerous small iron-works, where scythes, sickles, and
shovels are manufactured. At (13Vs V.) Satpt are extensive puddling-
works and rolling-mills.
16 H. Hagen (SdM ldm«m»chiou^ at the station; ROmert GUU)^ a
manufacturing town with 77,496 inhab., is the junction for Bochum, Dort-
mund, Cassel, and Siegen ; see BaedeketU Ncrthtm Oermany.
Branch-Iinee also run from Blberfeld and Bannen to OrMunbtrg, Rom-
dor/, Lumep (p. 64), Betntchtid (p. 64), and many other manufaoturiag places
of more or less importance.
8. From Cologne to Frankfort vii, Oidssen.
143 M. Railway from Cologne to Gi9Sten. 103Vt M., in 3-5 hrs. (farfcs
13 ur 40, 10 ur lO, 6 ur 70 pf.s express 16 JIIO, 11 UT 20, 7 UT 80 pf.);
from Giessen to FrmlfforL m/t M., iA IVvS hrs. (fares 4 UT 40, 3 UT 30,
2 ur 20 pf.) expreM, 5 •#, 3 UT 60 pf.).
The train starts at Cologne , passes through DeuU (p. 55)
without stopping, and traverses a flat country at some distance from
the Rhine. 2 M. KaUc ("22,800 inhab.), a thriving Indnstrial suburb
of Cologne and Deutz, is the Junction for Deutz (slow trains only,
in 8 min.). 7 M. Port-Vrhach, To the E. of (8V2 M.) VTahn is the
Wahner Heide^ with an artillery-range. Beyond (13 M.) Troisdorf
(Kronprint^ R. &B. 21/2 *#), where the Right-Rhenish line diverges
(p. 82), the line crosses the Aggtr^ on the bank of which, to the
right, is the Friedrich- WUhdma-Huttei a large iron-foundry*
15Vs M. Siegbnxg (Fdder, at the sUtion; Stemy R. ^ B. 2V^ Uff,
very fair), an Industrial town with i6}lB5 inhab., lies pleasantly
on the slope of a hill at the confluence of the Agger and the 8ieg.
AboTe it, on the Michaelabergy rise the buildings of an old Benedic-
tine Abbey, founded by Abp. Anno in 1066 and now a reformatory.
Of the abbey-church the crypt alone remains. The Parish Church,
dating from the second half of the 13th cent., contains seven liehly
adorned reliquaries of the 12-1 5th cent, including that of St. Anno
(d. 1075), Archbishop of Cologne, the Stem guardian of £mp.
Henry IV. — Branchr-Unes to (7 M.l Beuel (p. 67) and to (24^/2 M.)
Dieringhausen and (66 M.) Hagen (see above).
Beyond Slegburg (view of the Seven Mountains to the right),
the train crosses the 8iegf and ascends the valley of the river, over
DILLENBUBG. 8. Boute. 67
38 bridges and thiough 13 tminels, to Betzdocf and Siegen. — 20 M.
Hennef (Laa; Nasshoven) is the junction of the Bioeltal Railway
from Beud (p. 91 J to Waldbroel and to AsBach. The castle of
Allnety adjoining the wood to the left, stands at the confluence of
the Broel and the Sieg. Farther on, to the left, are the monastery of
Bodingen, surrounded by vineyards, and the chateau of Attenhach.
221/2 M. Blankenherg (Honrath, with a terrace conunanding a
beautiful yiew)^ formerly an important fortified town, with a con-
spicuous ruined castle, is a popular summer-resort. Tunnel.
Beyond (27i/2 M.) Eitocf (IVifw Carl, very faiij Station HoUt)
a retrospect is obtained of the monastery of Merten on the hill to
the rig^t. The wooded hills enclosing the valley now increase in
height. Two tunnels are passed through. Near Windeck, with the
castle of that name on the hill to the left, the railway and high-
road pass through a deep cutting. — 31 M. Herchcn (Station Hotel).
— 36V2 M» Schladem (Klever, B. 21/2 Jfj diligence twice daily to
Waldbroel). A new channel has here been constructed for the Sieg,
while the old one has been left dry for a distance of 2 M. — Tunnel.
41 M. Auy the junction for Limburg (p. 219); 44Va M. Wisten,
junction for Morsbach. A little farther on, on the opposite bank
of the Sieg, rises the old chateau of Sehdnstein, the property of
Prince Hatzfeld. — 47 M. Niederhovels, — 52 M. Betidorf ("Br ct<icn-
hcuiherBof; Oabreeht) is the junction for Siegen and Hagen (see p. 66,
and Baedeker's Northern Oermany), Branch-line to Z)aoden(Schmitz).
The line to Giessen ascends the valley of the Heller to (57 M.)
Eerdorfy (59 M.) Neunkirchen, and (63 M.) Burhach, crosses the
watershed between the Heller and the Dill near (66 M.) Wurgen-
dorf, and threads its way through the Hickengrund. 69^/2 M. Nieder-
Dresselndorf; 74 M. Baiger, The line next enters the DilltaL
77 M. BiUenburg (755 ft. ; Kurhaus, R. from I74, D. I3/4, pens,
from 4 Va Jf ; Schwan, R. from 1 1/2 ^ ; Hirsch, B. from 1 uif 20 pf .),
a picturesque town of 5039inhab., with iron mines, a mining school,
and a statue of Bismarck (1898). The WilhelmS'Turm, 130 ft. high,
was erected in 1872-75 on the site of the ruined castle of Dillen-
burg, in which William of Orange, the liberator of the Nether-
lands, was born in 1533 (adm. 5-6 p.m. in summer, 30 pf.). Ad-
jacent is the Wilhelms-Lindey a lime-tree under which William
received the Netherlandish ambassadors in 1568.
A Bbakoh Bailwat ascends the DietzMlz-TcU to (10 H.) Sirats-Ebertbach,
whence the Wahelms-Wapte on the Sasmb^rg 0/2 M ) may be visited.
8IV2M. J3«r6om (670 ft. ; Bitter; Metzler), an industrial place
with 4037 inliab., on the Dill. The old castle is now a seminary.
Branch-line to Hartenrod and Nieder- Walgem, — 86 M. Sinn, On
a hill to the right is the ruin of OreifensUin, Beyond (891/2 M.)
Ehringthausen the line enters the valley of the Ldhn, and unites
with the.Na»eovian Railway (from Lahnstein to Wetzlar; R. 27).
951/2 M. Wet«lar, see p. 221. — The line now ascends the
6*
68 RouUS. NAUHEIM.
flmiling valley of the Lahn. Beyond (100 M.) Vutenhofen the ruiOB
Df Oleiberg and Vetzberg are seen on the left.
1031/2 M. Oiessen (Orosshersog von Besnn^ Kuhne, Victoria,
Prinz Karl, Sehutt, near the station ; Rail. Restaurant), sitsated
on the Lahn, is mainly of modem origin, and contains 29, 149 in-
habitants. It is the seat of a nnlyerBlty, founded in 1607, which
is attended by about 750 students.
IO8V2 M. Langgons, About 3 M. to the left of (114 M.) Butz-
bach rise the considerable ruins of the castle of Munzenberg, de-
stroyed in the Thirty Yeais' War. The higher (154 ft.) of its two
towers commands an extensiye view.
120 M. Nauheim. — Hotels. •Kawekhof, R. ftom 4, B. l«/4, D. 4-5 Jf^
*MftTROPOLB, B. 3^, D. ijf; *Biu8T0l ; *Pakk Hotkl; *Auousta Vtotosia,
B. 3-6, D. 8, pens. 9-15 Jft Pkxngb op Wai^bb^ B. from 4, D. 5, pens,
from 8 Jf; Ox. HdT£L lupfiBiAL, pens, from 71/2 Jf; Hohsnzollbbn;
Speddbl-H6tbl ; Bellevub; HStbl db l'Edbopb, pens. 7-12 J({ HdT.
Du KoRD, pens. 9-12 Jf; Hot. db Lokdbbs, pens, from 8 Jf\ Bbichshof,
pens. 6-8 UT. — Pehuons: Irene (8-12 Jf), Splendid (10-16 Jf)^ Victoria,
villa Buberttte, Villa Wartburg, etc. — It is adyisable not to arrire late
in the evening, as the hotels are often full daring the season.
Bestanrants. At the hotels^ BaaOmrg; GamXtrinui; Surk; Cfermania.
Visitors' Tax for a stay of more than 5 days, 1 pers. 20 Jf, each
additional member of a family 6 Jf,
Gabs. Per drive, one-horse, 1-2 pers. 80 pf., 3-4 pers. 1 Jf; two-horse
1 ur or 1 ur 20 pf. Per hour: 2 Jl 90, 3 Jl 60, 3 Jl 50 pf., or 4 UT 50.
Nauheim (^^ ft.), a small town of 5054 inhab., pleasantly
situated on the N.E. slope of the Taunus Mts. (p. 240), with regular
streets, shady ayenues, and pleasure-grounds, is a favourite water-
ing-place, visited by 22,000 guests annually. The warm saline
springs , which are strongly impregnated with carbonic acid gas,
have been known for centuries, but did not begin to attract visitors
until about 1840. They are particularly efficacious against heart-
disease and rheumatism. Extensiye evaporating-houses and salt-
pans. The waters of the Friedrieh-Wilheltn8'Sprudel (95° Fahr.),
the Oroase 8prudel(dO°), and the Kleine Sprudel (M^) are used
for the baths, which are admirably fitted up. The Kurbrunnen,
Karlsquelle (somewhat resembling the Rakoczy of Eisslngen), and
Ludwigsquelle (alkaline) are drinking-springs.. ' Adjoining the
Trinkhalle, at the E. end of the town, ar0 several greenhouses. At
the foot of the JohannUberg, about V2 ^- ^rom the station, Is the
handsome Kurhaus, with elegant rooms and a fine terrace over-
looking the extensive grounds.
The train skirts the Ghradirhanser (^eyaporating-houses'), crosses
a lofty viaduct, and reaches —
122 M. Friedberg (J7d(«2 Trapp; Restaiurant FeUenkeller, wHh
view), with 8877 inhab., once a free imperial town. The Pro-
testant Liebfratien'^Kirehe is an interesting Oothic structure, built
in 1290-1350, with towers dating from the 15ih eentnry. See
Baedeker' 9 Northern Oermany.
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SCHWARZ-RHEINDORF. 9. Route, 69
125 2(L Buehmhrucken; 127 M. Niedet-WolUtadt, To the riglit
rise the TauniiB Mts. 130 M. OroB$^Karben f 132 M. Dortelweil;
134^2 M. Vilbtlj near wMch the iVtdda is crossed; 1 37 M. Bonames,
station foiHomburg (p. 242); 141 M. Boefc«n^etm, with a handsome
church, large barracks, and an ancient watch-tower.
143 M. Frankfort, see p. 223.
9. The Khine from Cologne to Coblenz.
Steamboat (60 H.) in 7-8 hrs. (down 4i/t-5 hrs.) ; fares 4 UT 70, 2 UT 80 pf.
Fieri at Harienburg, Wesseling, Bonn, Godesberg, Konigswinter, Rolands-
eck, Remagen, Linz, Andernach, and Keawied-, Small Boat Staiioru at Ober-
kassel, Unkel, Nieder-Breisig, Brohl, etc. — Gabs, etc., at Cologne, see
p. 28. — Railway (57 M.), see R. 10.
In the following routes r. and /. indicate the position of towns, and
other objects, with regard to the traveller ascending the river. The Left
Rhenish and Right Rhenish railways, however, are named after the left
(W.) and right (B.) banks respectiveiy with regard to the traveller de-
scending the river.
Soon after the steamer has quitted the majestic city of Cologne,
with its cathedral, numerous towers, and lofty bridge, the chateau
of Btnsherg (p. 26), on an eminence 9 M. to the N.E., comes in
sight. To the right is Matienburg-Baymthal (pier; H6tel-Restaurant
Marienburg, -with extensiye grounds), a residential suburb of Co-
logne (p. 28). Several small -boat stations now follow: 1. Porz;
r. Surth; r. Wesseling, with a pier (steam- tramway to Briihl, p. 81);
1. LMsdorf; r. Widdig ; L Mondorf, The express steamers pass all
these without stepping. Opposite tiie island of Qraufpenvserthy at
the mouth of the Sieg, on the left, lies Orau-Rhemdorf. On the
hillside, farther inland, rises the suppressed Benedictine abbey of
Siegburg (p. 66).
On the left we soon perceive the church of Schwarz-Bheindorf,
a curious structure, consisting of two stories, consecrated in 1151
by Archbishop Arnold of Wied, who is buried here (d. 1156). It is
about 1 V2 M. to the N. of Beu^l (p. 91).
The church was erected in the form of a Greek cross, with a dome
over the crossing and a semicircular £. apse, but a loog nave was very
soon added on the W. Beneath the dome is an octagonal aperture between
the stories, 10 ft. in diameter, so that the Inmates of a nunnery, with which
the church was in immediate connection, could in the upper story hear
the service without being visible to the congregation in the lower story.
Literesting mural paintings of the 12th cent, were discovered in the lower
choroh in 1858 (comp. p. xxiz). The exterior is also worthy of inspection,
especially the remarkably elegant miniature gallery which runs round the
upper part of the church on the E. side. Among other peculiarities, it
shows traces of Lombard influence. It has been frequently imitated in
BhenSsh ehurehes. During a recent reston^on a two-storied sacristy was
built on the foundations of an old tower to the K. of the church.
To the right we next observe the JesuiterU^of y and then the
Wiehelahof (p. 86). Before calling at Bonn, the steamboat passes
under the handsomotsew Rhine bridge.
70 Route9,'-Map8^pp, 70,92, MEHLEM. From Cologne
T. Bomb, see p. 85. The lofly tower of the Mfinster, the hand-
some residences on ^e Rhine above the town, the long^ hnildings of
the UnlTersity peeping ficom among the trees, and the grounds of
the ^Alte Zoll* give the town a very attractive appearanee when
viewed from the steamboat.
After Bonn is quitted we enter the most piotoietqae and famous
portion of the river. Bameradorf, to the left, with woods in the
background, was formerly a lodge of the Teutonic Order, the chapel
of which was removed to the cemetery at Bonn (p, 91),
1. Oberkasself and railway-ferry to Bonn, see p. 81.
1. Nieder^DoUendorfy see p. 82.
The next two places on the right both belong to Ctodesberg
(p. 80), viz. PK«cf«(2or/^(Schaumburger Hof, R.2V4-3, D. 2V2Uir;
H6t. Mundorf, R. & B. 2-3, D. 2-2V2, pens. 41/2-61/2 Jf), and
^ngsdorf (^Khein H6tel & Pension Dreesen, with garden, R. 3-10,
B. 1, D. 2Vi-3, pens. 6-i6ur/ •Godesberger Hof, R. 21/2-31/2, B. 1,
D. 3, pens, b^^iy^ «4f, with garden). The pier is situated between
these villages, at the end of the Rhein-Allee (p. 81) and about
3/4 M. from the main street and railway^station Of Oodesberg. On
a height to the right is the Sehloss von der Heydt (p. 80) and
rising from the plain is the conical hill bearing the ruined castle of
Godesberg (p. 81).
Hotor Laonohea at the pier. To KOMgtwinier (see below), l-ipers. 2,
there and back 4 UT; to Eolandieck (p. 71), 6 and 8 Ulf; to Sonne/ (p. 83),
to the Stetnstrasse 5 and 7, to the ferry 6 and S J(; io Bonn (p. 86), to
the Stadtballe A and 5Vs, to the Bheingasse 6 and 8 J(. Bach addit. pers. 40,
60, 80 pf. etc. more.
L Kdnigiwinter (160 ft. ; p. 92), above which rises the ^Draehtn*'
feUj with its ruin (908 ft. abave the Rhine) and the cbiteau of
Drat^enburg (p. 94). Ascent of the Draichenfels, and excursion into
the Seven Mountains, see pp. 92 et seq.
r. Mehlem (PoriEc Hotelj between the rail. stat. and the ferry,
R. 2-31/2, B. 3/4, D. 3, pens, from 5 Jf; H6tel DraohenfeU, R. ii/2-2,
B. 3/4, pens, from 41/2 Jf; Villa Friede, R. & B. 8-31/2, pens, flrom
b jf, on the Rhine), with a modem Romanesque church and
numerous villas , is the Left-Rhenish railway-station (p. 79) for
Konigswinter, with which it is connected by a ferry (5 pf.). The
station and ferry are about 1/4 M. apart
To the left lies Rhondorf(;D. 83), and farther back, at first con-
cealed by the islands (see below), are Bommeradorf And. the scattered
village of HonnefCp- 83), above which is the large sanatorium of
Hohen-Honnef(i^. 83).
The steamer next passes the islands of (r.) Nonnenwerth and
(1.) Orafenwerth (garden-restaurant; 10 minutes from the railway
station of Honnef, p. 83). On the former, peeping from the midst
of trees, stands an extensive nunnery of v^y ancient origin, men-
tioned in a document of the 12th cent., and suppressed in 1802. The
present buildings date mostly from the end of the 18th century.
Y^^^
to Cobkn%, ROLANDSEOK. Map8,pp,70,92.^9.Boute, 71
r. Bolftadieek. — HoteU. Bolandbbox, on tbe Rhine, with garden,
B. 2-4, B. i, D. ^ pena. 5-7 Jff BBLixyux, ne»r the pier and the rail.
sUtion, B. 3-5, B. 1, D. 8, pens. 5>^-8Vs Jf; Bbokeb, B. li^-3. B. 1,
I>. 2»/2, pens. 4V2-6V2 UT; Victobia, R. 2-31/2, B. V4, D. 8, pens. 5-7 Jf, rery
f^r; KdLHHK Oof, B. 2^, B. Vi, pens. 4>/s-6 Jf^ on the Bhine, with
garden. — Baikeay Rtsktwant^ with fixed charges \ magnificent **View from
the terrace: concert on Snn., 80 pf.
Hotor-Lannehes. To Honnef (14 pers.) ijf, each addit. pars. 20 pf.:
K^nigswintM I Jt (40 pf.); to Qodesberg 6 •# (60 pf.): Bemagen 5 Jt
(60pf.)i hiazV/tJf (70 pf.).
Boland8€ck (rail, stat., see p. 80), yrhick lies at the foot of the
fint considerable heights on the W. bank of the Bhine, is one of the
most beautiful and frequented spots on the riTei, uid Is surrounded
with numerous Tillas, chiefly belonging to wealthy merchants from
the Lower Rhine, and extending along the wooded slopes at the back
of the village. Leaving the station by the public grounds, we skirt
tbe railway, then cross it beside the signal- hut No. 50, and, passing
a shell-grotto ('Rolandsbom^) and following the shadeless bridle-
path past a pavilion on the Mil, arrive In 15-20 min. at tlie
Bolandsbogenj or *Eola&d Arch (500 ft. above the sea; rfmts.),
the last relic of t^e Castle of Rolandseck, perched on a basaltic rock, .
344 ft. above the Rhine. From the riyer this point is reached by
a path ascending to the left about 10 min. below the steamer-quay.
The *yiew hence, which is best by evening-light, is less extensive
than that from the Drachenfels, but more picturesque, as it em-
braces the Seven Mts.
The castle is said to have been built by the knight Boland, the paladin
of Charlemagne, who fell at the battle of Boncesvalles. The earliest histori-
cal mention of it is in a document of 1040 or 1045, where it is called
RtUcheteeki the convent on the island was named RulcJtetwerth. In 1120
Archbishop Frederick partly restored the ruin for the purpose of defend-
ing his dominions against Henry IV. The fortress stood till the close of
the 16th cent., when it fell entirely to decay. The romantic legend con-
nected with the castle and convent may be thus briefly, told: —
The brave knight Boland, scouring the Bhine in search of adventure,
found himself the guest of Count Heribert, lord of the Seven Mountains,
at his castle of Drachenburg. According to custom the daughter of the
host, the peerless Ulldegunde, welcomed him with the offering of bread.
wine, and fish. Her beauty riveted the gaze of the young knight, ana
Hildegunde and Boland were soon affianced lovers. But their happiness
was brief: Boland was summoned by Charlemagne to the crusade. Time
sped on, and anxiously did Hildegunde await his return. But sad rumours
came. The brave Boland was said to have fallen by the hands of the In-
fidels, and the inconsolable Hildegunde took refuge m the ^Kloster' in the
adjacent island of Konnenwerth. The rumours, however, of the death of
her betrothed were unfounded. Although desperately wounded, he recov-
ered, and hastened to the halls of Drachenburg to claim his bride; but
insteadof being welcomed back by her fondly-remembered smile, he found .
that she was for ever lost to him. In despair he built the castle, of which
one crumbling arch alone remains, and there lived in solitude, catching
an occasional glimpse of a fair form passing to and fro to her devotions
in the little chapel of the Kloster. At length he missed her. and soon
the tollisg of the bell and a moumfdl procession conveyed to him the
heart-rending intelligence that his beloved Hildegunde was no more. From
that momevt Boland never spoke again \ for a short time he dragged on his
wretched existence, but his heart was broken, and one morning he was found
rigid afiad Ufeless, liis glassy eye still turned towards the convent chapel.
72 Route 9, — Mapj p. 70. REMAOEN. fSrom Cologne
The modern Tower on the top of the hill, t/2 ^* ^ the W. of the
rain, affords a wider prospect (on Sun. the custodian is generally at
the tower; 25-50 pf.). — Ahont 5 mln. farther on, on the sununit
of the Boderhergy is the Rettaurant Alter Vulcan^ affording a fine
view of the Seven Mts. The Roderbeig is an extinct volcano, the
margin of which may still be recognized. In the hollow, to the W. of
the restaurant, lies the JBrue^o/" (hence to the Mehlem railway-
station, p. 80, 40 min.).
I. Oberwinter (Rhein - Hotel ; Post; Loosen). The retrospect
hence is one of the finest on the Rhine. Rolandseck, and the Drachen-
fels with its castle, the cliffis of the Wolkenburg, and the whole of
the peaks of the Seven Mts., upwards of thirty in number, form a
picture of incomparable beauty, while the lovely Island of Nonnen-
werth and the grand river itself constitute the foreground. On the
right bank is the flattened summit of the Lowenburg, with its ruin.
The isolated cone to the extreme right is the Hemmerich.
1. Bheinbreitbach (Rheinbreithacher Eof, pens. 3V2-4 •^), »
favourite summer-resort, lies at the entrance to a wide valley, .
which extends from the Rhine to the Seven Mountains fcomp. p. 84).
Fine view from the (*/^ M.) Heilig^ a hill surmounted with a cross.
The ancient copper and lead mines on the Vimeberg are no longer
worked. A cable line, nearly 4 M. in length, connects the basalt
quarries on the Asberg with the Rhine.
1. Unkel (*Schul%, R. 1 uT 60 pf..2V2 Uif, B. 1, D. from i%
pens. 372**5 Jfy with garden and view-terrace) is a prosperous
village with attractive modern villas and extensive vineyards (rail.
Stat. , see p. 84). On the hill is a pavilion, affording a beautiful ^ew.
Between Unkel and Remagen the Rhine describes a wide curve.
Of the numerous country-houses situated on both banks of the river,
the most conspicuous is the chiteau of MarienfeUy Y2 ^* below the
ApoUinaris-Kirche.
r. Bemagen. — Hoteli. *HdTBL FGiistenbebg, on the Rhine, with
gardens, firs|-cla88, closed in winter, R. 2Vr6, B. iV4, D* 4, pens. 8Vs-12Ys •#.
— Bhbin-Hotsl. on the Bhine, next door to the Fiirstenberg Hotel, B.
2-3Vt, B. i, D. 21/1, pens. 5-8 •#; Viotobiabbrg, at the lower end of the
town, B. A B. 2-4, pens. t^l^Jlt good; Bsctbchbb Eaisbb, at the station,
B. ^B. 2V4S, pens, i^fby^ Jf ; ^pollinarisbkbo, at the lower end, B. &
B. 2, pens, i Jl ; Amkbb, on the Bhine. B. A B. 2Vs) pens. 5 Jl \ Hobbsem,
at the upper end of the town, B. & B. 2-8, D. from lV«t pens. 4-5 •!(, welj
spoken of; Hof von Holland, also in the principal street, B. 2-2Vst B. Vi*
B. from IY2, pens. 4-6 jU; Westfalischeb Hop, at the railway-station,
B. 2-3, B. Va »M. — Hotel Waldbcbo, on the Victoria-Berg (see p. 73),
R. «L B. 2-2Vt, pens. 4Vs UV.
Carriages. To the Vietoriabei'ff^ with two horses 4, there and back
5 Jl; Apollinaris-Kire?ie^ one-horse 80 pf., two-horse 1 •#; to Bolandteck
8Vs or 5 Jl, there and back in 7 hrs. 5 or 7Vt Jl^ whole day 7 or 10 Jl;
to Altenahr S or i2 Jl, there and back 12 or 16 Ulf; Laacher See and back
15 or 20 Jl,
! Remagen (^rail. stat., p. 80), a small town with 3800 inhab.,
situated 13 M. above Bonn and 24 M. below Coblenz, is an ex-
tdCohUwL APOLLINARIS-KIRGHE. 9. Route. 73
cellent startlng-poiDt for excmrstone. It Is mentioned as Rigomagua
in the Pentinger Tabtila (p. xxly). Bemagen was a place of little
importance in the middle ages, and was destroyed in the Thirty
Years' War. It once belonged, like Sinzig, to the duchy of Jillich ;
in 1624 it came into the possession of Pfalz-Neubarg«
At the lower end of the town is the Roman Catholie Churek,
a handsome modern Romanesque building, with an elegant choir, a
central tower, and two lateral towers. The "W. portions date from
the old church, the Gothic choir of which, consecrated in 1246, is
now used as a side- chapel. In the Interior are a handsome <>othic
tabernacle and several sculptures of the 15th century. During the
rebuilding the remains of a Roman castellum were found on the
site; and fragments of the columns of some public edifice are
preserved beneath the Museum^ erected here in 1905. The Roman-
esque Portal adjoining the Roman Catholic parsonage, adorned with
grotesque sculptures of the 12th cent.. Is worthy of inspection. —
At the upper end of the town is a new Protestant Church, in the
Gothic style. — The head-office of the Apollinarie Company Limited
(p. 98) is situated on the bank of the Rhine.
A road to the right near the Protestant church crosses the rail-
way and the highroad and ascends through a hollow bordered by
shady footpaths to the (20 min.) top of the Victoria-Berg, with
pleasant promenades, benches, and several points of view (Hdtels
Restaurants Waldburg, Eremitagt^ Hofreiden, Ahrplatle), command-
ing a charming and varied prospect, best by evening-light. In the
foreground is the Apollinaris-Klrche, by which we may return to
the town. [From the Ahrplatte to Bodendorf (p. 98), 1/2 hr.]
Immediately below Remagen a road, diverging to the left from
the highroad, ascends the steep clay-slate hill to the elegant Gothic
four-towered *ApolUnariB-Kirche, erected in 1839 by Zwimer, the
eminent architect of Cologne Cathedral (p. 34), at the expense
of Count Farstenberg-Stammheim (d. 1859). This little church
occupies the site of an ancient and much-frequented pilgrimage-
shrine* In 1164 Frederick Barbarosea is said to have presented
the head of the highly-revered St. ApoUinaris, Bishop of Ravenna,
to Archbishop Relnald von Dassel of Cologne, who was in the act of
conveying it to Cologne, together with the relics of the Magi (p. 37),
when by some miraculous agency the vessel stopped in the middle
of the river here, and refused to proceed until the head of the holy
man had been safely deposited in a chapel on the ApoUinarisberg.
The church is open daily from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m., on San. and holidays
after 10 a.m. (admiosion, 80 pf.). The interior was adorned in 184&-51 by
the D&sseldorf artists Em$t Deget (d. 1886), Earl Milll&r (d. 1896), Andrea*
MUller (d. 189Q), and fr. lUenbach (d. 1879) with ten large •Frescoei of
scenes (tom the lives of the Sarionr, the Virgin, and St. ApoUinaris
(transept). — The Cktpt contains the holy head, in a sarcophagus of the
i4th cent. ; the recumbent figure of the saint is modem. In the a^oining
chapel is a painted crucifix carved in the 16th cent, (expression of face
differs with the position of the spectator).
74 RouU 9. — Map, j». 70. LINZ. From Cologne
Above the chmok is a Statue of 8t Franeii, erected by the Fran-
ciscans residing near the chureli (wide view). -^ Jnst before turning
to the right to reach the church we pass a finger-post indicating the
way to the top of the Yictorla-Berg (p. 73 ; after 5 min. aspend
to the right), which is reached hence in 20-25 minutes. [From the
Victoria-Berg we may go on by the Landskron (p. 98) to Neuenahr
(p. 99), a walk of 21/2 hrs.]
Railway from Eemagen to Admau^ see p. 98.
Opposite Bemagen, near Erpel (rail. stat. ; Weinbergy with ve-
randa, .R. & B. 2, D. IV4-IV2 Jf)j rises the ErpeUr Lei (666 ft.
above the sea, 502 ft. above the Rhine), a basaltic cliff, the columns
of which are thicker than those of the Minderberg and Dattenberg
(see below); fine view from the top (ascent from the W. side, in
25 min.). Above Erpel are (L) Kasbach, at the mouth of the brook
of that name, and Linzhauten (Hdtel Weinstock), the latter com-
manded by the ivy-clad ruins of Ockenfels,
1. Lin«(rail. st^t. ; ♦TTeiiMtocfc, B. & B. from 3, D. 2, pens,
from b Jf; ^EkiropdUcher Hof^ similar charges, these two with
gardens on the Rhine; Nassauer Hof, B, IV2-2 Jf, J), i Jf 70 pf.;
Deutseher Kaiser f Qoldene Traube Restaurant), an ancient town with
3873 inhab. , is still partly surrounded by walls and towers. The
Romanesque Church ofSt, Martin, dating from the early part of the
13th cent., with a Gothic spire and other Gothic additions of the
16th cent., contains a little fine stained glass and a winged picture
of the old Cologne school (1463). This picture and the old frescoes
were restored in 1850. The exterior has been disfigured by a coating
of red. — Fine view from the Donatusberg, or Kaiserberg, which is
crowned with a chapel and Stations of the Gross. The environs of
Linz yield good red wine.
The extensive Basalt ftoarries of Dattenberg and the Minderberg near
Linz deserve inspection, especially the latter. The road to the Mikdbb-
BBBO (about IV3 hr. ; for permission apply to the office of the Basalt Ck)., near
the Linz rail, station) ascends the valley to the E., past the Stemerhiltte^
then to the left, where the quarry soon comes into view. It is a spacious
hall of beautiful black prismatic columns of basalt, square or hexagonal
in form, some of them upright, others heaped together in confused masses,
each S-iO in. in diameter, ana sometimes 20 ft. in length. When struck
they produce a clear metallic ring. The *View from the height above
this quarry (1420 ft. above the sea, 1256 ft. above the Rhine) is very fine.
The traveller should return via OhUnberg and Kasbach to Erpel (p/^iythr.}^
at the mouth of the Kasbach valley there is a tramway for tiie transport
of the stone from the hill down to the Rhine.
The columns in the quarry of Dattenberg, situated in a side-valley
about 11^ M. above Linz, are as high as those of the Minderberg, but
much thicker. These basalts are chiefly exported to the Lower Rhine
and Holland, where they are used in the construction of dykes.
r. Kripp, connected with Linz by a floating bridge.
Between Remagen and Nieder - Breisig the Rhine describes a
curve which the railway and road cut off. The beautiful church of
(r.) Sinzig (p. 80, on the railway, IV2 M. from the river) is visible
from the steamboat. Behind rises the Landskron (p. 98).
to CoUeHiz, RHBnnBGE. Map^ p. 70. — 9. Route. 75
We BOW pMg (r.) the mouth of the Ahr (p. 96). The ehurch
tower of Dattenberg (p. 74) is next seen peeping from a ravine
on the left. On the same bank lie Leuhsdorf with the Saalhof,
a small building with four turrets, anciently a royal chateau, and
Ariendorf,
On the left we next obserre the chlteau of ArenftlSy ereoted by
Henry of Isenburg , and named by him after his wifSe, a Countess
of Are. It is now the property of Count Westarholt, by whom it was
handsomely restored under the directions of Zwirner (p. 73 ; open
to visitors on Wed.). — « The Malbergakopf {1290 it.-, IVahr. from
Honningen) is crowned with a cross commemorating the war of
1870-71, and commands an extensive prospect.
1. Hdnaiafttn (rail, stat.; H6U Seklos^ Armfds, B. & B. 21/4-3,
pens. 4-5 •#), at the foot of the Arenfels, a village with 2800 in-
hab. and a large chemical factory. In the vicinity a strong mineral
spring (the St. Hubertus-Sprudel) was tapped in 1894.
r. Nieder-Breisig (Bender ; WeUses Rosa), with 1370 inhab. and
many pleasant villas. Near the S. end of the village stands part of
the Tempelkof, an old Templars' Lodge. About 1^/4 M. higher up,
a path ascends the wooded hill to the —
r. Chfctean of Eheineok, erected in 1832 by Herr von Beth-
mann-HoUweg (d. 1877) from the plans of Lasaulx and decorated
with works of art (ftescoes by Steinle, etc.). The square tower,
65 ft. in height^ on the S. side, is the only relic of the eld castle,
which was destroyed by the troops of the Electorate of Cologne in
1692, wd finally burned in 1785. The knights of the castle
became extinct in 1&48. Fine view from the garden.
The VUixtbadij at the foot of the hill, was the ancient Abrinca and
formed the boundary between the provinces of Upper and Lower Germania,
as it still does between the Iflddle and Lower Rhenish dialects. On its
S. bank lief the hamlet of Thal-BheiMek.
The hills on the left bank approach the river. In the fertile
plain at their foot lies ah6inbrohl(raU. stat.)j a village with 2600 in-
hab. and two modern churches. — About 1 M. to the N.E. is AWen-
IMer {KuAzai JSgerhof, R. & 6. 21/2, pens, from 5 •#), with a
mineral spring discovered in 1897.
On the right, the Brohlbach falls into the Rhine at Brehl {Mittler,
R. 1V«-1% ^* ^4* !>• 1V2> pens. 4-41/2 jf; also railway-station), a
village with a new Gothic church, which lies on the bill-slope and
in the vi^ey, and is the chief dep6t for the tuffstone quarried in the
Brohltal. — Excursion through the Brohltal to LoocA, see p. 104.
1. Nieder^Hammetstein (Zwick, well spoken of), yielding good
wine ; then Obef^Bammerstein, above which rises a massive rock of
grauwaeke, orowned with the ruin of Hammeiitein. Emp. Henry lY.
resided in this castle for some time in 1105 when persecuted by his
son Henry Y., and here he kept the imperial insignia till their re-
moval by his usurping successor. During the Thirty Years' War the
cas^ was successively occupied by Swedes, Spaniards, troops of
76 Route 9 . -^ Map J p. 70, ANDERNAOH. From Cologne
(Cologne, and soldieis of Lorraine, and it was at length destroyed in
1660 on the instigation of tke Arckbishop of Cologne.
On the heights, 4 M . to the E. of the Bhine, the coarse of the F/ahl-
ffraben^ a Roman intrenchznent constructed as a protection against the
attacks of the Germanic tribes, is distinctly traceable, and may be followed
from Monrepos (p. 78) as far as the Seven Mts. (comp. p. 244).
Above (r.) Fomieh rises the Fomidker Kopf (1040 ft), an extinct
volcano commanding a iride prospect (ascent f^om Brohl in 1 hr.).
r. Namedy, at some distance firom the rtrer, possesses a small
Gothic abbey-chnrch of the 14th cent., bisected by a row of slender
columns, and an old mansion of the knights of Namedy, now trans-
formed into a ch&tean. On the left lies the large village (1500 in-
hab.) of Lenteidorf (^Lowenburg, B. 2-3, pens, from 4V2 ^^t ▼ery
fair; also rail, atat.), behind which are vineyards planted among the
rocks. Below is an old Gothic chnrch.
On the right rises the wooded Krdhnenherg (p. 77), beyond
which the mountains confining the river recede.
r. Andemach. — Hotels. *Hackj£Nbsdch, on the Rhine, with view,
B. 2-2V2, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 5-6 Jf; ♦Rhkinischkb Hop, B. 2-2V2, B. »/4,
D. IVt, pens. 4-4 Vs J#; ^Schapbb, on the Sehanschen, near the Rhine, at
the lower end of the town, B. 2-2>/4, B. </«, D. 2-2Vs, pens. 5i/s-6 Jft Ahku,
opposite the pier, B. A B. 2V4-3 UK, clean. — Hotbl Dauhkn, Glocke,
B. 11/2-2 Ulf, both in the Markt. — Omnibus from the steamer to the
Erahnenberg railway 10 pf.
Andemach, a small and ancient town with 8802 inhab., with
narrow streets, and still to a great ex.tent surrounded by its old walls,
extends picturesquely along the bank of the river, above which rise
conspicuously the old bastion, the Rheintor, and the lofty tower
at the lower end of the village, while the handsome parish-church
with its four towOrs is visible in the background. Andemach was
the Roman Antunnacurriy or Antonaco^ one of the fifty forts of Dru-
sus. Subsequently to the 6th cent, it is frequently mentioned as a
royal Frankish residence. In the middle ages it was an Imperial
town, but was taken by the Electorate of Cologne in 1496 ; in 1688
it was burned by the French.
At the upper end of the town, near the Goblenzer Tor, from a
deep fosse, rise the ruins of the once fortified Castle of the Electors
of Cologne, with its massiye towers, erected in the 15th cent., and
destroyed by the French in 1688. — The RathauSf a late-Gothic
building of 1564, contains a few Roman and Frankish antiquities,
including the so-called ^ Jews' Bath*^ a cistern 42 ft. deep, 16 ft.
long, and 13 ft. broad.
The lofty round Watch Tower on the Rhine, with an octagonal
story above, adorned with a frieze of pointed arches, was erected in
1451-68 and restored in 1880. The wide breach on the W. side was
made by the French cannonade in 1688. A little farther on is the
spot where the lava millstones, tufa, trass, and other volcanic pro-
ducts of the neighbourhood are shipped.
The Parish Church, dedicated to St. Genovefa, with its four
toCoblen%. NEUWIBD. Map,p.70,^9,RouU. 77
towers and richly-decorated portals, is a fine late-Romanesque edifice
(1206), wlthont a transept. The still earlier choir, around vhich
runs a gallery of small columns, dates from 1120.
Over tUo aiales are gaUerief , reached by stepa cat in the thickness
of the wally with elegant arcades in front. On the vanlting of the nave
are the imperial arms, with those of the town and of Hermann IV., Arch-
bishop of Cologne (d. 1608). Choir decorated in 1856. Carved wooden pnlpit
brought in 1807 from the Abbey of Laach (p. 105). Late-Bomanesqne font.
The foot of the Krahnenberg may be reached in about 10 min.
either from the station (turn to the left after passing under the
railway, then to the left again), or firom the Rhine (vii the Kirch-
Strasse at the lower end of the town and past the choir of the
pa];lflh church). The ascent (^4 hr.) is somewhat steep (cable rail-
way, return-fare 50 pf.). At the top are the restaurauts Krahfun"
hurg Bind. Kaiserhurg, which command beautiful yiews (best in the
afternoon).*
J^iktoff from AneUfnach to Niedermendig and Mapen, see p. 108.
Near the village of Irlich, on the E. bank, the Wiedbach ftiUs
into the Rhine. The hill rising on the W. bank, a little inland, is
the Plaidter Bummerieh (696 ft.).
1. Nenwied (rail. stat). — Hotela. •Wildee Manw, B. 2, B. 1, D. 2V2,
S. IVs Jff Ankeb, both on the Rhine; ^Uobaviak Hotel, frequented bv
English travellers, with restaurant, R. 2, B. 1, D. 2V2» pens. 4»/4-5Va Jff
STELtiNo, these two in the town: Madeb, at the station of the right bank,
B. A B. 2-21/8 Jf.
A Sttam Ferry 0 pf .) maintains communication between the two banks.
Neuwied^ a pleasant and thriving town, with broad, well-built
streets, was founded in 1653, on the site of the village of Langen-
dorf, which had been destroyed in the Thirty Years' War, by Count
Frederick of Wied, who invited numerous settlers, without distinc-
tion of religion or payment of money. The population (18,177)
consists of Protestants, Roman Catholics, Moravian Brothers, Bap-
tists, and Jews, who have lived together here in great harmony
since that period. Starch, chicory, tobacco, and cigars are the
principal produets. The schools of Neuwied enjoy a high reputa-
tion, and attract pupils even from England.
At the lower end of the town rises the spacious Palace of the
Prince of Wied, with its fine Park, The collection of Dutch paint-
ings in the palace is usually shown on application, in the absence
of the family. A huilding adjoining the palace-gate contains a small
collection of Roman AntiquUies, from Niederbiber (p. 78).
The Koravian Brothers, also called Hermhuter from Herrnhut in
Saxony, where they had established themselves after their expulsion
from noravia during the Thirty Iceare'War, occupy a separate part of
the town. They were originally followers of John Huss, and their number
increased enormously after his death. They now form a kind of religious
republic, having their own laws both for public and private life, which
•re administered by their elders. The gravity and austenty of th^r manners
and habits has gained for them the appellation of the Quakers Qf Germany.
The unmarried brethren live in a separate building, and cariy on different
trades, the profits of which are devoted to the. community. Fayence stores
and deerskin gloves are their best manufactures. At stated seasons 'love
78 nouU9.-*Mapyp.70, ENGERS.
feMts' ftre oelebrated in tho ckurch, accompanied by singing, juraTen, a
sermon, and tea -drinking. Their schools are well attended and in high
repute (yisitors admitted).
From Keawied a Stbam Tbamwat ascends the valley of the Wied. ▼!&
Heddeidorf and the Ba»$eUtein P<Mmdry^ to (2i/s M.) Niederbibtr^ the church
of which contains the tomh of Archl^Bhop Count Hermann Ton Wied
(p. 86). Hear Niederbiber were found extensive remains of a Roman castle,
one of the largest on the Rhine, wMch, however, is not mentioned by
any Roman author; the excavations have again been covered in (comt>.
p. 77). Thence the tramway ascends tibe vall^v of tbe Aiubach to iA^ft M.)
Oberliber (Wiedischer Hot), at the mouth of the Wellhach, In the valley
of the Aubach, 2*^ M. from Oberbiber, is the BrawUbtr^er Bof^ with a
firequented garden* restaurant and a pictnresifue rained eastte. — From
Oberbiber the road proceeds to (2i/i M.) the high-lying village of EtBgadorf
(930 ft.; Bichtmann; Post; Anhauser), visited as a summer-resort
BxcussiOK PBOM Kkuwikd to Monrbpos Airi> Altwibd. At the Rassel-
stein Founcfary (see above) walkers cross the stream, beyond which they
traverse the pleasant park of Noibhanutn (restaurant) to (2 M.) Segendorf
(Wolff). From Segendorf a road ascends in windings; but these the
pedestrian may avoid by taking the footpath to the left above Segendorf,
by which Honrepos is reached in •/« br. — Komrepea (iOlO ft.; 870 ft. above
the Rhine), a chiteau of the Prince of Wied, stands in a beautiful park
and commands an extensive prospect (refreshments at the Haknhof^ to the
W. of the chateau). Good points of view in the vicinity are the (10 min.)
Holzitou and the *Altwieder Auttteht, Footpaths descend from the latter
in 20 min. to Altwied (Kutscher^s /•», where the key of the castle is kept),
commanded by the extensive ivy-clad ruins of the ancestral castle of the
ancient Counts of Wied.
Immediatdly abcve Neuwied, on the left, are the Hermanni'
huiUj the property of the Krupp Co. of EsBen (p. 68), and the
Oermania foundry. On the opposite bank are the railway-station of
Weiitenturm-Neuwied (p. 79) and the village of —
r. Weissentnnii, at the N. end of which rises a lofty sqnare
watch-tower (1370), the extreme point of the dominions of the
Electors of Treves, which here adjoined' those Of Cologne. Above
the village stands an obelisk erected by the 'Sambre and Mense
army' to the French general HochCj who died at Wetzlar In 1797.
r. UrmitM^ 8/4 M. from the railway-station of that name.
On both banks of the river here is dug up a peculiar kind of pumice
stone conglomerate (p. lOi). It is cut ivto squares, mixed with mortar,
and dried, and is much valued as a building material for inside walls. —
The quarrying operations led in 1898 to the discovery of two Roman camps
on the left bank of the Rhine, between Weissenthurm and Urmits. The
one nearer the river, upwards of 400 yds. in circumference, was probably
designed to protect the bridge constructed here by Julius Cffisar. Bridge-
piles were also found in dredging the river.
1. Engers (^Zur Romerhrucke; Restaurant Schunkert, on the
Bhine; HStd-Restaurant FUgely at the railway-station), formerly
Kunostein-Engers, the ancient capital of the Engersgau. The chateau,
now a military school, was erected in 1758 by Elector Johann
Philipp von Walderdorf. — Then, on the opposite bank, KaUen-
Engers and 8t. Sebastian Engers.
Near (1.) Miihlhofen^ where the Saynbaeh falls Into the Rhine,
are several fonndrles. On the river is the hydropathic of Bhekiau
(R. from 2, pens. 6 JK), On a hill in the background of the valley
rises the mined castle of 8ayn (p. 84).
WEISSENTURM. Map, p. 70. -^10. Route. 79
1. Bendorf (rail, stat., p. 85), at some distance from the river j
farther np (r.), the village of Kesselheim, opposite the Niederwerthy
which conceals the town of (1.) Vallendar (p. 86) and the village of
Mallendar with the chsltean ofBesselich (formerly belonging to the
Knights Templar, now private property).
On the long island of (\,)Niederwefih is a village, with a convent
church hnilt in 1500 , containing a carved altar and fragments of
good stained glass. Edward III. of England resided here for a short
time in 1337, and had several interviews with the Emp. Lewis and
other princes.
1. Vrhar (p. 112), high np on the hillside, snrronnded with
fmlt-trees.
r. WaUenheimy above it Ncuendotf, chiefly inhabited by raftsmen.
The steamboat now passes the base of Ehrenbreitstein , opposite
the influx of the Moselle, commanding an excellent view of the
imposing Emp. William Monument, and stops at CobliUB (p. 106).
10. F]x>m CoblenB to Cologne.
Bftilway on the Left Bank.
67 M. Railway in iya-2V4 hrs. (fares 8 UT 30, 6 UT 20, 4 UT 30, or 7 UT 40.
bUH aO^SJf 70 pf.). View of the Rhine on the right. — Railway on the
^ght Bank, see B. 11. — Steamboat, see B. 9.
Travellers, n^hether holding single or return-tickets, are entitled to
break their jonmey onoe, and may afterwards proceed by the railway on
either bank at their choice. The following are the recognized 'correspond-
ing^ stations : Coblenz and Ehrenbreitstein (crossing the railway-bridge 60, 30,
20 pf. additional), Weisteittunn and Neuwied^ Andemach and Leutegdor/^
BroM and KheiniroMy Nieder ' Breitig and HUnningen^ Simxig and Idnz^
Remagen and Erpel, Rolandseek and Eonnt/y MehUm and Kdnigtwintery
Cologne and Dentz.
CobUnZy see p. 106. As the train crosses the Moselle a view of
the old Moselle Bridge, with the Emp. William Monument and the
fortress of Ehrenbreitstein beyond it, is obtained to the right. At
the foot of the fortified Petersberg (1.) is a pyramidal monument in
honour of the French general Marceau (d. 1796). The train now
traverses an extensive and fertile plain. At (51/2 M.) Urmiti are
large stores of the Engers stone mentioned at p. 78.
8M. W«isMiitixrm-Heawied (steamb. stat., see p. 78). The
station is i/g M. from the Rhine, across which communication is
maintained by a steamer. — The train crosses the Nettej passes the
lunatic asylum of 8t. Thomas (1,), a modern Gothic building with
a Romanesque chapel (12th cent.), and reaches —
1072 M. Andernach (steamb. stat.), see p. 76. The station is
1/4 M. to the S.E. of the town. (Branch-line to Mayen^ see p. 103.)
Beyond Andemach the train skirts the Rhine and commands a fine
Tiew in both directions (comp. p. 76).
Opposite (15 M.) Brohl (Brohltal, etc., see R. 15) is the church
of MkeinbtoU, The train passes the foot of Schloss Bheineck an4
80 RofHe W.-'Mapa^pp.TO^B^. GODESBEBG. FromCohlmz
(151/2 M.) Nieder-BreUig (p. 76), opposite (r.) the chateau of 4f<n-
fela, and then cuts off the wide curve which the Rhine descdhes
between Nieder-Br^sig and Bemagen.
201/2 M. Sinzig (Deuttchea Haw; Bheiniseher JSaf), probably the
Roman Sentiacumj a very ancient town with 3155inhab., 8tiU partly
surrounded by walls, lies at the entrance to the Ahr VaUey (B. 14),
11/2 M. from the Rhine. It was once the site of a Frankish palaoe,
afterwards an imperial residence, which latterly belonged to the
Dukes of Julich. Picturesquely situated on a slight eminence rises
the handsome Pariah Church, which was consecrated in 1220, a fine
example of the late-Romanesque style, the round ar^h predominat-
ing, with very slightly projecting transepts, square turrets at the
sides of the choir, three apses, and an octagonal tower rising over
the centre. The interior has recently been restored and decotated.
The details of the capitals and string-conrses repay examination.
The N. transept contains a good winged picture on a gold ground,
representing the Crucifixion and Ascension, and the Death of Mary,
by an early Cologne master, restored in 1855. At the foot of this
eminence is a tasteful little Gothic (Mieau, built in 1858 by Statz
of Cologne, the property of Mr. Bunge of Antwerp. On the Helenen-
berg, to the S. of the town, rises another pleasant country-house.
The train now crosses the insignificant Ahr, from the valley of
which rises the blnnted cone of the Landskron (p. 98). This
district is extremely fertile, and is called the ^Qoldme Meil\
23 M. Bemagen (steamb. stat.) and the Apollinaris-Kirchey see
pp. 72, 73. This is the station for the Ahr VaUey raUway (R. 14).
The train returns to the river here ; fine retrospect, and farther on
beautiful view of the opposite bank and the Seven Mountains
(comp. p. 71). — 26i/2 M. Oberwinter (p. 72).
271/2 M. Bolandseok (steamb. stat.; Bail. ReataurarU, with
veranda and magnificent *View, see p. 71). In the river lies the
island of Nonnenwerth, a little below which rise the picturesque
Draehenfela and the Seven Mta., on the opposite bank.
The train now quits the river* 30 1/2 ^* Kehlem, the station
for Konigawinter on the right bank (p. 92).
32 M. Godesberg. — Hotels. ^BLiinEUiB, KurfHrsten-gtr., a large
establiabment adapted for a stay of some time, witb garden and garden-
restaurant, B. from 3, B. 1V4, D. 3V?, pens. 9^k-]S^h Jff •Apwir, Haupt-
Str., R. 2-6, pens, from 6 Uf ; HCTTKNaAUCH, at tlie railway-station, R. II/2-5,
B. 1, Dl 2, pens. 6 Ut; Kaisebhof, opposite the station, with a good
restaurant. — Penaions. RoHnburg (from 6 Ji per day), Wilhelma (Si/j-lO Uf),
Q anther (6-9 UT), Haut Lichtenstein (3»/4-5V2 UT), ChrUtlichet ffotpit (R. AB. I'A,
pens. 8 Jf)\ HaHzheim^ in the Rhein-All^e. — Sanatoria. OodethOhe
(Dr. Bernard), St. Vinzent (Dr. Oberdorflfer) , for nervous sufferers;
Dr. F. Um%r, for dipsomaniacs. — Hotels at (Vi M.) Biingsdorf and at
Plittersdorf, see p. 70.
Tramway to Bonn and to Mehlem, see p. 80. — Steamboat Station
(»/4 M. to the B.), flee p. 70. ' . '
Sngliah Ohuroh Service in the EnglU^ Chapel in the Rhein-AU^e (p. 81).
to Cologne, BROHL. Map$jPp,70f92.-^10.BouU. 81
Godeiberg^ a town with 19^831 inhab., situated at the point where
the Talley of the Rhine begins to expand, is a favourite summer-
resort, where wealthy merchants of Cologne, Elberfeld, and Ore*
fold have erected a number of handsome villas, surrounded by
pleadant gardens. The Efydtopathic Establishment, adjoining Bliiizler's
Hotel, is much frequented (8-14 •# per day). The Draiseh or Draitsch,
an alkaline chalybeate spring, at the entrance to the small Ouden"
auer-Taf, at the foot of the Draischberg (p. 80), was known to the
Romans. A well-appointed mineral water bath was opened in
1902. On the Draischberg, to the S., are the imposing Schloss
von der Heydt and a new Bismarck Tower (82 ft. ; view). — A
pleasant walk ascends the Gudenau valley to the farm of Marien-
forat, whence paths traverse the woods to Kottenforst, To the N.
of the mineral spring is a hill with a large Protestant Orphanage.
Adjaoent is the ^Wendelstadt-Hdhe, an admirable point of view. —
The favourite promenade is the Bheln-AUie^ near the station, with
the EngUsh Chapel.
On a basaltio eminence (246 ft. ; 400 ft. above the tea), V2 M.
to the N. of the station, stands the ruined Castle of Oodesberg,
which was built by tibke Archbishops of Cologne in the 13-14th cent.
and is said to occupy the site oj^ a Roman fort. It was destroyed by
the Bavarians in 1583. The partly restored galas' contains a good
restaurant. Fine view from the platform of the tower (98 ft. high).
The Cemetery of the village lies within the precincts of the castle.
On the right , as Bonn is approached , immediately after the
train has crossed the Bonn and Coblenz road, is seen the flbcA-
kreuzy a Gothicxolumn 30 ft. high, erected in 1332*49 to a knight,
who is said to have fallen in a duel at this spot, and restored in
1854. On the hill to the left is the Rosenburg (p. 91), and farther
off the Kieuzberg (p. 90). To the right appears Bonn with its con-
spicuous new Protestant church and its lofty minster-tower.
36 M. Bonn (steamb. stat.), see p. 85 ; steam-ferry to Ober-
kassel, see p. 82 ; railway to Euskirchen, see p. 203 ; steam-train way
to Cologne via Briihl.
To the W., at a little distance from the line, is a chain of low
and partly-wooded hills called the Vorgehirge or Villt^ on which
numerous villages with orchards and country-houses are situated.
The last vineyards in the land of the grape are now passed. Near
(40 M.) Roisdorf rises a mineral spring resembling that of Selters.
— 44 M. Sechiem, Before reaching —
474/2 M. Br&hl (^Pavillon ; Belvedere ; Deutscher Kaiser j opposite
the psrk-gates), a town with 7415 inhab., the train Intersects the
park of Briihl, passing the chlteau of FalkerUust on the right, which
was once a hunting-lodge of the electors, but is now private property,
and stops opposite the royal *8chlo8s BruU. This handsome build-
ing, erected by Elector Clement Augustus in 1725-28 from the plans
of J. 0. Schlaun, and altered and elaborated in subsequent decades,
Babdbkbs^s Rhine. i6ih Edit. 6
82 BouUll.-^MapSyPp.SByW. OBERKASSEL.
was restored in 1842 and 1876-77. It offers clmssical examples of
the French and German toooco style in all stages of its developimmit.
Admission firom IQ^Snn. 11) to 6 (in t^inter 4), 25 pf. The garden
and park are always open to the public.
The Staiboasb, the handsomest 18th cent, structure of the kind in
W. Germany, with stucco sculptures and paintings hy Stilber, was com-
pleted in 1748. The Saclb des Gabdeb and tbe Dikiho Hall are adorned
in the late^roeoco style by Roth. The N. Wxno exhibits the elegant taste
of the early French rococo period, &s interpreted bj LevtUUr (1728-32).
The Oabdbn Wjnq illustrates German rococo (ca. 1750). The palace con-
tains a rich collection of portraits, carved furniture, and fine porcelain stoves.
50 V2 M. Kalscheuren^ junction for the Eifel Railway (p. 203). The
crowded honses of Cologne soon come in sight. The train describes a
curve round part of the town, above whose ramparts tower the impos-
ing cathedral and other churches, passes the Cologne South Station
and We$t Station (p. 26), and enters the central station at —
57 M. Ck>logne, see R. 3.
11. From Cologne to Ehrenbrdltstein (Cohlenz)
Railway on tiie lUfht Bank.
56 M. Railway in 1^4 3 hrs. (fares 7 •# 80, 5 UT 50, 3 UT 70 pf., express
8 ur 20, 6 ur 10, 4 ur 30 pf.). — views to the right. — For return-tickets
and hreak of journey, comp. p. 79. ^
From Cologne to (13 M.) Troisdorf, see p. 66. — 14 M.
Friedrich' Wilheims-Huttej an extensive foundry. The train crosses
the Siegj and returns to the Rhine at (18 M.) Beuel, connected
with Bonn by the new Rhine bridge (p. 91).
2072 M. Oberkaisel ( Wolfaburgf with veranda and garden, very
fair), a thriving little town vrith an old church-tower and a large
cement-factory , lies on the Rhine amidst fruit-trees , and affords
pleasant summer-quarters. Well-constructed walks lead to the
Steinerne Hduachen {^/^ M. from the station ; fine view), the quarries
of the Rabenlei, Heisterbach (p. 96 ; 2 M.), and other picturesque
points in the neighbourhood. Near the village of Kudinghofen,2M^
from the station, rises the Ennert (518 ft.). Adjacent are extensive
basalt quarries. — Oberkassel is connected with the Left Rhenish
Railway at Bonn by a steam-ferry (p. 85).
2272^* Dollendorf is a good starting-point for excursions among
the Seven Mts. The station (Restaurant zur Weintraube) is SitNiedcr-
DolUndor f(Kione^ pens. 3Y2-4*4f), on the Rhine, at the mouth of the
Heisterbach Valley, whioh is ascended by a steam- tram way, passing
(li/4M.) Ofr^r-iJoWcndor/" (Frembgen's Restaurant); 2^2^' Heister-
bach (p. 96) ; Waldttationy at the divergence of the route to the
Margaretenhof (Oelberg, Lowenburg j comp. p. 95); 31/4 M. BeUter-
bacherrottf and (4 M.) Orengelsbitze,
2372 M. Kdnigswint^ (steamb. stat. ; p. 92) is the favourite
startingr point for exploring the Seven Mts. (R. 13). The station
lies at the lower end of the town.
HONNEF. MapByPpJOjOS, — !!, Route. 83
The valley of the Rhine now contracts. The train skirts the base
of the Draehenfels and runs close to the river.
26 M. Bhondorf. -- Hotels. Draghkmfbls, pens, from 4 Jt; Bbllb"
vus; EBOHPjaMz, all on the Rhine ^ WoLKsifBUBa, pens, i Jf. — Pbvsiom
Klein, 4i/»-5 Ut; Tbaubb ; LSwchbubo. — Db. Butbmbubb's Htdbopathio. —
Motor- Boats on the Rhine (tariff as at Konigswxnter, p. dS). — Omnibut to
Kdnigswinter and Honnef, see below. — Visitors' Tax as at Honnef (see below).
Rhondorf is a pleasant summer-resort. In the little church is a
well-preserved tombstone, in trachyte from the Draehenfels, of the
last knight of Draehenfels, with armorial bearings and date 1530,
brought here from the abbey of Heisterbach. — From Rhondorf to
the Lowenburg, 1^4 hr., see p. 97; to the Draehenfels 40 min.,
by a bridle-path vi4 the Kanxei and the SiegfriedslUippen, indicated
by a finger-post on the Lowenburg road, mentioned at p. 97.
27 M. Honnef. — Hotel*. *HdTBL Klbik, with garden, R. 2Vs-3,
B. 1, D. 2V«, pens. 5-6 •#; Wbbbl, R. from 2, B. 1, D. 2, pens, from 6 UT,
well spoken of; HStbl Dell, D 2 •#; Zum Siebbmobbibqe, with restaurant
and central heating, R. & B. 2V2-3, D. 2, S. IV2, pens, from 41/2 Jf;
Wbiitstook, R. 2-21/t^ B. s/it pena. lyT-^Jfj Bahmhof Hotbl*, RGdbshbim,
R. A B. 21/2, pens. 41/2 Jf; Kaisbbhof, R. iV2-2i B. i/s) pena. I Jf. —
Penaioni (all good) . Schotten (5-6 Jf per day) \ Kercher (from o Jf) ; Bischofs-
^/(5-6 ur)i Erholung (5-6 UlOi 0. Stang (5-6 Jf), Villa Clara. — The Sohen-
Homnrf Sanatorium (776 ft), well situated on the Fuchshardt (carr. from
the station in 25 min., 4-6 Jl\ is an admirably equipped establishment
for safferers from weak lungs (R. from 2, board 7-8 ji). — DaMhcnuon^
caf^ and confectioner, Haupt-Str. 68.
River Baths near the railway-station.
Omnibus from the Market-Place to RMndorf (see above; 20 pf.) and
to Kdnigswinter (p. 93; 30 pf.), 15-18 times daUy.
Oarriages. From the station to Honnef, for 1-4 pers., one-horse 80 pf.,
two-horse \ Jf; to Rhansdorf or Rolandseck Ferry ^ one-horse 1, two-horse
!»/« Jfi to Kdnigswinter l»/4 or 2V4 J^^ there and back 2V2 or 3V« Jt; to the
LOieenJburgsr Hof 5 or 6V2 Jf^ there and back 7 or 9 •# ; to the Margaretsn-
hof and Sophienfiof Q or S Jf, there and back 8 or 11 Jf; round vi&
Lthcor^urg, Mcfrgaretenhofy Heisterbach (or Drachei^els)^ and Kdnig&wintery
in 6 hrs., 10 or 13 Jf.
Kotor Boats. To Rolandseck (p. 80), every V2 hr. (10 pf.); to K&nigs-
•fifitir, 1-4 pers. 8, there and back 5 Ul ; to Bonn ^^IfiO^li, there and back
IIV2-I4 Jl; each addit. pers. 40, 60, 80 pf., or 1 UT 20 pf.
Visitors* Tax (after 5 days), b Jf; families, 3 J^ per person.
Honnef J a scattered village with 6205 inhab., lies 8/4 M. to the
left of the railway, and comprizes a number of pleasant villas, some
of whioh are let to visitors. The church is handsome. Honnef is
one of the pleasantest and sunniest spots on the Rhine, being
sheltered from the N. and E. winds by the Seven Mts., and sur-*
rounded by vineyards and orchards, and it has become a favourite
resort in spring and autumn. It possesses a Kurgarten with a Kur-
haus. The DrachenqueUe, a mineral spring, is used for drinking
and bathing.
Envibonb. Beautiful walks, furnished with guide-posts, lead vil Bon-
dorf. passbxg the Hedkenfels on the left, to the Annaidl ; along the Rhine to
Kdnigswinter and the island of Orafenwerih ; to Hohen-Honnef (see above) and
then by a path diverging from the road to the left to the Rheingold(Ttmta.)^
MooskUtte, AugustMhe, CapeUe, and the lAhoenbUrg (p. 97*, in all IV2 hr.)j
6*
84 Boutin. --Map, p. 70, SAYN.
to ihe poplar* above iZommdndar/ (p. 97); vii Sstthof to M^ntvnhtrg (restau-
rant-, on the slope of the hill is grown the best red wine of the district),
past the large Hagtr-Bofy by a footpath to Bheinbreitbach (p. 72), and
back by the road to Honnef (comp. the Map, p. 8!^; by Mensenberg to
the Hager Kdppelchtn {}/% hr. ; fine view) ; over the SHdwkamm to the ffaa-
ntnbwg (^4 hr.)i ▼!& Selihof to the (1 hr.) Uiberg (1140 ft.), » basaltic hU)
commanding a beautiful view.
In the Rhine, to the right, lie the Islands of Nonnenwerth and
Orafenwerth; on the opposite bank are the picturesque arched ruin
of Rolandseck and the village of that name. The village of Rhein-
breitbaeh (p. 72) is next passed, opposite which is Oberwinter. At
(24 M.) Unkel (p. 72) the train quits the fertile plain which lies at
the foot of the Seven Mts., and passes Erpel, opposite to which lies
Remagen with the elegant Apollinaris^Kirche (pp. 72, 73).
34 M. Lini (steamb. stat.; p. 74) lies opposite the mouth of the
Ahr, above which, a little inland, rises the handsome church of ^^tnst^.
The train next passes Leubsdorf^ Sohloaa ArenfeU, and Ariendorf,
Opposite (38 M.) H9imingen (p. 75) is Nieder-Brcisig, a little above
which rises Schloss Rheineck, The train passes (40 M.) BheinbrohL
with its Gothic church (opposite the Brohl Valley^ p. 104), and
^Nieder- and Ober-Hammerstein, at the base of the Hammerstein. On
the opposite bank, a little above (431/2 M.) Leutesdorf (p. 76), the
picturesque and ancient town of Andemach (p. 76), with its round
tower and handsome church in the background, comes into sight.
The valley of the Rhine expands ; the train crosses the Wied^ skirts
the park of the Prince of Wied, and stopa at —
47 M. Henwied (steamb. stat. ; p. 77). The station is 1/2 ^- to
the E. of the town. The train now runs inland and traverses an
extensive plain, but returns to the river at the next station.
4972 M. Engen (p. 78), the junction for the line to Alton-
kirchen and Limburg.
Fkom Engkm to SiKESHAHN, 13 M., railway in *U hr. (1 Jf 80, 90,
45 pf.). — The line crosses the Saynbach, and ascends the left bank of
the stream.
l»/4 M. Sayn (H6M FiHedriehibgrgy R. lVs-3Ul, very fairj JTrufip, pens,
from 4 Jf; H6UI Boiler) ^ with extensive iron -works belonging to the
Krupp Co. of Essen, and a oh&teau and park of Prince Sayn-Wittgenstein-
Sayn, commanded by the rained castle of Savn, has a popnlation of 1500.
— Schlou Bajrn (adm. 50 pf.) is handsomely fitted up and contains a good
collection of modern pictures and sculptures, and a colossal wooden figure
of Henry III. of Sayn (d. 1246), originally belonging to his sarcophagus in
the abbey of Sayn, of which he was the founder. The pretty Park lies
on the slope of the hill , on which are situated the extensive ruins of
the old Ceutle erected in the 10th cent, and destroyed by the French in the
lliirty Years^ War, the ancestral seat of the once powerful Counts of Sayn.
On the slope of the hill are the ruined castles of Stein and Reifenherg. —
About 2 M. to the N.W. of Sayn, beyond the united villages oiBeimbach and
Weitt^ are the ruins of the ancient abbey of Rommertdorf^ with fine cloisters
and chapter-house, erected about 1200 , now the property of the Duke of
Arenberg, and used as farm-buildings.
Beyond a tunnel we have a fine view of Sayn, with its ch&teau and
ruined castle to the left. The train now ascends the picturesque Br€x-
bcKh'TcU^ over numerous viaducts And through several tunnels. On a hill
to the left^ IV2 hr. from Sayn, is the ruined castle of Itenburg^ the ancient
seat of a still existing family. A little higher up is a restaurant (view).
Vi* 1^ •■''''it*, ^'\
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BONN. 72; Route. 85
From (71/2 H.) Orentau a branch-line runs in 10 min. to (IV4 M.) Hftbr-
Orenahausen. The station lies on the hoandary between the two villages^
in which earthenware, both ufeful and ornamental, has been mannfaeturea
for eenturiea. The Vienna Exhibition of 1873 brought the ware of this
diairict into modem notice. There are several large factories near the
station. The Ceramic School^ with an interesting exhibition, and *MillUn-
baefCs Inn are both in Hohr. — We may return to the Rhine on foot;
to Vallendar (see below), IV4 hr.
lOVs N- Ranibaehf a village carrying on the manufacture of whet-
stones, — A steep incline leads hence to (13VtM.) Siershahti, the junetioa
of the Limburg and Altenki chen line (p. 220).
5OV2 M. Bendorf (Rhtinischer Hof, R. & B. 2V2-3 Jf; Nassauer
Hof) , a small town with 5700 -inhab. , situated amidst orchards
^/4 M. to the £. of the line, with an interesting Romanesque church
and several lunatic asylums.
531/2 M. Vallendar (H6UI Anker, R. ^ B. from 2V2» D. 2,
pens, from 4 J()^ a busy little town with 4380 inhab. who carry
on a brisk riverotrafflc, lies on an arm of the Rhine opposite the
island of NitdttMotrth (p. 79). On a height above the town stands
the handsome Church, built in 1839 on the site of an older church
said to have been founded in 836, with a tower of the 15th cent. ;
it contains some late-Gothic church-plate. — Wcitersburg, on the
hill V2 M. to the N. of Vallendar, commands a beautiful view of the
Rhine with its islands and its banks from Andemach to Goblenz.
About halfway up the hill is a summer-house of the Vallendar
Casino, to which visitors are admitted.
A little farther on a beautiful view is obtained of Goblenz,
the month of the Moselle, and the Emp. William Monument. The
station at (56 M.) Ehreribreitstein (p. HI) lies at the foot of the
precipitous roek on which the fortress is situated.
12. Bonn.
Kotela. On the Rftine: Gbamd HStkl Botal (PI. b; D, 8), Ooblenaer-
Str. 11, with lift and garden, B. from 3^/», D. 4, pens, from 9»/8 UH. —
Bhbinsok (PI. e; D, 2), at the pier, second-class, with terrace, B. 2V2-4,
B. 1, D. 31/s •#, very fair; Vatbr Abndt, near the latter*, Dissmann, by
the nfw bridge, B. k B. 2i/r^/s Ul, well spoken of. ^ In Oi« Town:
*GoLPNKB Stern (PI. a; D, 2), in the market-place, with baU-rooms and
restaurant, flrst-class, B. 2-6, B. i 1/4, !>• 3Vs)_peDs. from 1 Jf, — Bhbimisohbb
Hor (PI. f ; C, 2), Stem^Str. 67i Cbntral, Wllhelm-Str. 1 (PI. C, 8)1 Tbaubb,
Meckenheimer-Str. 18 (PI. B, 2, 3); Stobch (Pi. g; C, 2), Stern-Str. 52-64,
B. & B. from 2V4 Jf; Bote Kamnb, in the market-place, plain but very
fair. ^ At the Railway StaOan: H(^tbl-Bestaubant Continbntal, Bahnhof-
S>r. ISa, B. & B. 2V3-3V3> pens. S^/2-V/i Jt; Kronpbinz, Hambdboer Hof,
Hotel Nolden, B. & B. 2Va-3Va*#; Wiener Hop, Bahnhuf-Str. 5, B. 2-5,
pens. 4Vs 7 Ul; Adlbr, B. 2, B. 1 Jt, well spoken of. — In the PoppeUdorfer
AlUe: H6t. do Nord, Quantius-Str. 1, B. lVa-3, B. 1, D. from li/a, pens.
from 4Vs ^Mi Bvanobliscubs Hospiz, Poppelsdorrer All^e 27.
Pensions. Mre. Thomats Qoeben-Str. 15 1 Harling. Hofgarten-Str. 4
(4-8 M)s Schugt, Fahrgasse 3 (4-7 UT); Bemken, Marien-Str. 1 (5-7 UTJji
NeuerJmrg, Lenn^-Slr. 8 (4-6 Jl)\ Schniewind-Hetee, HohenzoUern-Str. BO
p-7 Ul): Kalt, Hohen»ollern-8tr. 82; Eldpper. Kaiser-Str 5; RoUine^ Kiiiser-
Str. 24 (5-7 UT) ; Sirauberger, Dechen-8tr. 1 (4V«-CV»^) » in*»«»wr, Beethoven-
Str. 4 (4-7 Jf)\ RiUtnhoff^ Golmant-8tr. 9.
86 Rout(!l2. BONN. History.
Bestouvuita (at the hotels). Also ^Perrin (ftrst-class), Weneelgssse 50
(PI. D, 2)^ *S€hann, Post-Str. 11 (PI. C, 8), good cuisine; Schwartz Kaiser-
Str. s 2^atf«iJk0ver,Mfln8ier-Platz; FieMd/er, BaumschulerAU^e, at the corner
of Meckenheimer-Strasse. — Oafes. Kaitr-Cafi^ Eaiser-PIatz (PI. 0, 8)^
WUner Oafi^ at the station. — Beer. KaiserhalU., Martin-Str. ; Beethoven-
Hailt^ ne%r the Rhine hridge; Im Krug rum Grilnen Krtmze^ Gohlenzer-
Str. 27: Zum H&hnchen^ Dreieck 3 (PI. C, 2); Sonne^ Markt 24; Behumacher^
Markt 12; AHHeideibtrg^ Mdnster-Plats; Frantiskaner^ near the Stem-Tor
(PI. G, 2, S)' — StacUhaae (open-air restaurant), see p. 9t.
Bathing Bstablishmenta. Municipal bathing establishment, Franzis-
kaner-Str.; Dr. Patz, Kronprinzen-Str. 41 (also medicinal bathiO( on the
Rhine^ near the Alte Zoll, with swimming (40 pf.) and warm baths.
Tramwaya. Electric Trtunwap from the rail, station vjft Post-Sir.,
Miinster-Platz, Fried rich-Str., and Brucken-Str., to Beuel (p. 91). — EorMe-
Tramway from the Markt, past the station, to PoppeUdorf (p. 90) ; rift the
Kaiser- Platz, Quantius-Str., and Colmant-Str., to £ndmlch; to the Eoln-
Tor \ by the Goblenzer-Str. to Kessenich (p. 91). — Stecm Trammav from
the Kaiser-Str. (cor. of the K6nigs-8tr. j PI. D, 4) to Godea>erg jp. 80) and
MehUm (p. 70), every V« hr. on week-days and erery »/« hr. on Sunday. —
Another steam-tramway ( Vorgehirgtbahn) runs to (22 M.) Cologne in ca.
21/4 hrs., starting at the Friedrichs-Platz (H. C, 2).
Oaha. Per drive in the town, 1-2 pers. 70 pf., each additional pers.
26 pf., box 10 pf. ; per »/« hr. IV2 Jf. To Godeiberg 3 or 4 Uf , to Cassels-
nthB (p. 91) 8Vs or 41/2 Jif, each pers. more than two, 60 pf.
Post ft Telegraph Office (PI. C, 8), Miinster-Platz.
Bngliah Ohureh Service in the University Ghnrch (p. 88) at 11 a.m. and
(in summer) 7 p.m. Chaplain : Rev. 0. H. Weber^ Axim, Bhein-AU^ 53,
Godesberg.
Chief Attractions. Munster (p. 87); House of Beethoven (p. 87); Pro-
vincial Museum (p. 89); view from the Alte Zoll (p. 88); walk along the
Bhine and across the bridge (p. 91); Poppelsdorfer AU^ (p. 90).
Bonn (154 ftX a town with 68,000 Inhab. (incl. the suburhs in*
corporated in 1904, 8!2,000), the seat of a university founded in
1818 and attended by about 3000 students, is pleasantly situated
on the W. bank of the Rhine, near the N. entrance to the narrower
and more picturesque part of the valley of the river. The pleasant
villas with their gardens on the Rhine, situated on the Goblenzer-
Strasse above the town, the shady promenades of the Hof-Oorten,
the Poppelsdorfer AUtfe, and the imposing bridge, all contribute
to render the town very attractive, while the fine towers of the
Mdnster and the Protestant church also enhance the general effect.
Bonn, the Bonna or Cattra Bonnensia of the Romans, frequently
mentioned by Tacitus,* and probably founded by Drusus, was one of the first
Roman fortresses on the Rhine, and the headquarters of several legions.
Excavations have proved that the Roman Cattrum^ which was very ex-
tensive, stood near the end of the modem Steintoeg or Heerweg^ at the
Wiehelifioft to the V. of the town. In the middle ages Bonn was a place
of little importance until 1267, when the Archbishop of Cologne trans-
ferred his residence and seat of government hither (comp. p. 81). The
German kings , Frederick of Austria (1814) and Charles IV. (1846), were
crowned in the Miinster.
The Protestant tendencies of Hermann of Wied and Gebhard of
Waldburg. Archbishops of Cologne in the 16th cent., principally mani-
fested by the latter in his marriage with the nun Agnes of Mansfeld, for
which he was declared an apostate and banished f^om his Electorate, brought
Bonn into great trouble. In the Dutch War of Independence, in the
Thirty Years" War, and especially in the Spanish War of Succession, Bonn
suffered repeatedly from sieges. That of 1689 was conducted by Elector
Mun$t€t. BONN. 12. Route. 87
Frederick III. of Braudenbarg (King Frederick I.) at the head of the imper-
ial and allied troops. Karlboroagh and other celebrated generals took
part about the same time in the operations against the town. The walls
were levelled in 1717, in accordance with the Peace of Bastatt. — Under
4he Electors of the 18th cent. Bonn was rery prosperous, and one of
them in 1777 founded an Academif, elevated to a University seven years
later by Emperor Joseph II. On 7^ Oct., 1794, the French marched into
the town, uid in 1797 the university was closed.
Under the French Bonn suffered moch, and its population deertosed
from 9500 to 750Q, bat f^nce its recovery by the Prussians in 18U and the
foundation of the Frederick William University it has gradually revived.
Among the eel ebri ties of the latter are B. O. Niebuhr, £. M. Arndt, A. W.
von Behlegel, Argelander, Weleker, Bitschl, Dies, Simrock, Lassen,
and Dahlmann.
The Post-Sfcrasse leads direct from the Railway Station (H. C, 3)
to the MOnsteb-Platz (PI. 0, 3), which is embellished with a
bronze 8tatuf; of Beethoven, executed by Hanoi of Dresden and in-
augurated in presence of Queen Yietoria in 1845.
The ^Ktuiater (PI. 0, 3), a cruciform church with two choirs,
four small towers^ and a lofty octagonal principal tower over the cross-
ing, is an imposing and picturesque example of the late-Boman-
-esque style. It was formerly an archdeanery of St. Oassius and St.
FlorentiuSy and, like many Rhenish churches, traces its foundation
]to Qonstantine. The W. part of the ciypt and the part of the
church above it date from the 11th, the choir, from the middle of
the 12th, and the nave, transept, and chief tower from the 13th
eentuiy. The building has recently been carefully restored.
The Intbbiob, which was adorned with paintings by Martin in 1890-94,
Is remarkable for its handsome proportions. It contains a bronze statue
6i Bt. HeUna^ ih& mother of Gonstantine, in a mannered style, cast at
Borne .ilk 1756) two But-JUti^s^ representing the l^ativity and Baptism of
Christ, over the altars in the nave and transept to the right, well-executed
Italic works. Hear the chief portal is the Sarcophagus of Archbishop
Bngelbert von Falkenburg (d. 1274). The old Crppt and the remains of
iftedisevai paintings (restored; also in the ehapter hall) are interesting.
The £. choir eontsuns a picture in mosaic from Qeiges^ designs y the stained-
glasfl windows are by Linnemann and Geiges.
The ancient Chapter House adjoining the church is now the par-
sonage. The Cloisters, with pillars possessing beautiful capitals,
date from the 12th cent. (entr. from the church or on the E. side,
adjoining the choir).
The busiest point of the town is the triangular Matket Place
(PI. 0, D, 2, 3), on which the principal streets of the old town con-
vetge. In the centre of it rises a Fouritain Column, erected by the
citizens in 1777 in honour of Maximilian Frederick, Elector of
Cologne. The Rathaus^ with its lofty flight of steps, was completed
in 1782. — The late-Gothic Church of St. Remigius (i6ih cent.),
formerly the Minoriten-Kirche(Vh D, 2), has cloisters of the beginning
of the 14th century and modern paintings by DQsseldorf artists. —
The Jesuit Church (PL C, 2), in the Boungasse, Is now used by the
Old Catholics.
At No. 20 BonuRasse is the Beethoven House (PI. C, 2), in
whicli LudUfig van Beethoven (1770-1827) was born. The house is
88 Route 12, BONN. I'nivcttUy.
now fitted up as a Beethoven Museam (adm. 1 Jf, on Wed. A Snn.
50 pf.). Beethoven^s father was a tenor-singer, and bis grandfather
(a native of Antwerp) band-master to the Elector.
The contents of the maseom indnde numerooi portraits of BeethoTen,
his family, and his contemporaries ; bis piano, quartet instruments, ear
trampet. scores, letters, etc. The garret in whidi he was bom is in the
back-building and has been preserved unaltered. A bronze bust of Beethoveii,
by Aronson, was erected in the garden in 1906.
The University Buildings (PI. D, 3), ca. 640 yds. in length and
originally the Electoral Palace, occupy the S. side of the old town.
The central portion, with Its four towers, was begun by Emieo ZueeaU
in 1697-1703 and completed by Robert de Cotte in 1715-23. The
two principal towers were rebuilt in the original style in 1895. The
best view of the buildings is obtained from the Hof-Ghtrten. They are
well fitted up and contain most of the Lecture Rooms, the Library
(250,000 vols., 1350 MSS.), adorned with busts of Niebuhr, Schlegel,
Arndt, etc., the Physical Institute, and the rich Palaeontologieal
Museum, particularly interesting with regard to the Rhineland. The
Aula or hall ( keys kept by the head-porter, under the arcades to
the left; 50 pf.) is adorned with frescoes emblematical of the four
faculties, executed by Cornelius's pupils in 1824. The old chapel
of the Electoral Palace is noW a Protestant place of worship (Church
of England service, see p. 86).
Passing through the Coblenzer-Tor, which intersects the E. wing
of the university, and has its facade adorned externally with a figure
ot the Archangel Michael, we reach the Coblenzer'Strasse (see below),
— Immediately to the left is the entrance to the Alte ZoU (PI. D,
E, 3), an old bastion on the bank of the Rhine, commanding a
fine ♦View of the river and its opposite bank, including Godesberg,
Roland seek, Siegburg, and the Seven Mts. In the centre is a Afon-
ument to the poet Ernst Moritz Arndt (1769-1860), in bronze. The
figure leans with the left hand on a trunk of oak, whilst the right
points towards the Rhine. The two French guns here were captured
in the war of 1870. An inclined plane descends from the Alte ZoU
past the new baroque building of the Board of Mines (containing
pictures by Konrad Lessing) to the Rhine, which is skirted by a
pleasant promenade (p. 91).
Next to the Royal Hotel, No. 9 Coblenzer-Str., is the Civic
Museum, in the former ViUa Obemier (PI. E, 3; adm. Sun. 11-2,
Tues. to Sat. 11-1 and 3-6, free), containing a collection of modern
pictures and a few sculptures, bequeathed to the town by Prof.
Obernier (d. 1882). Fine view of the Rhine and Seven Mts.
On the W. side of the Coblenzer- Strasse lies the Hof-Oarten
(PI. D, 3), with its avenues of fine old trees. Here, in front of the
university, is a marble bust of Karl Simroek (1802-76), the poet,
who was bom at Bonn. On the W. side of the garden rises the
Protestant Church fPl. D, 3; 1866-71), with a lofty tower. — The
Berz-Jesu'Kirche (1862), adjoins the S.W. comer of the garden.
Provineial Mu8€um. BONN. 12, Route, oU
In the S.E. corner of the Hof-Garten rises the Acadeinic MmMum
of Art (PI. D, 3)^ open firee on Mon., Wed,, and Fiid., 3-5, from
October to April 2-4; at other times, fee (custodian in the central
block, next the GoblenEer-Str.)w The museum, founded in 1625 by
T. G. Welcker (d. 1868), the eminent atiitiquarian, contains one of
the oldest and finest collections of casts in Germany and a few
imginal antiquities.
Among tb« original Greek worka are the celebrated marble ^Btrma*
mUh keaeU of ffo^ftoofe*. EwifidUy Ari$iophtm9$^ and Mmander, There are
also terracotta figurines item Asia Minor^ Greece (Tanagra). Sicily, and Italy,
and oret 200 Greek vases. '- The Gasi» are arranged so as td iUui trate the
development of ancient senlptnre: Egyptian, Assyrian, Greek, and Soman.
In the Coblenzer-Strasse, to the left, is the Collegium Albertinum
(^EnbUehofliche Convkt) PI. D, E, 3), a large Gothic building,
erected in 1892 for the accommodation of Roman Catholic students
at the University. No. 35 is a club-house by Kayser & Von Qross-
heim, and a little farther on is the Boyal Cfymtuiriumf a Renais-
sance structure by Reinlke. — No. 75 Zweite F&hrgasse (PI. E, 4),
the second cross-street to the left (as we go to the S.)* ^&s ^^^ tesi-
denee of the poet Amdt, who died here in 1860 (p. 87). — The
€k>blenzer-Stra8Be is flanked with villas and gardens for about 1 M.
beyond the Coblenz Gate (steam-tramway to Godesberg, see p. 86).
Among them is the Royal VillOy for royal princes studying in Bonn.
In the N. part of the town, near the Wilhelms-Platz (PI. 0, 1),
are the BtifU-Kirehe^ the large Hospital ofSt. John, the Ophthalmic
and Aural Institutes, and, on an elevated site extending to the bank
of the Rhine, the other University ainical Institutes (PI. C, D, 1).
In front of the Pathological Ithstitute stands a monument to the
surgeon Schede (1844-1902). — Outside the K61n-Tor are the Pro-
vincial Lunatic Asylum, the Hussar Barracks j and (IV2 M.) the
New Cemetery,
The ♦Provincial Mnsenm (PI. B, 3), No. 16, Colmant-Btr., near
the railway-station, is a handsome building of red sandstone in the
Italian Benaissance style, erected in 1889-98. It contains anextensiTe
collection of Roman and medisBval stone monuments j prehistoric,
Roman , and Franklsh antiquities , a small picture-gallery , and a
few medieval works of art (director. Dr. Lehner"). The museum is
open 11-1, free on Sun. and Thnrs., on other days 50 pf. j at other
times 75 pf. Visitors ring. Guide 40 pf.
Grennd Kaor. In the vestibule is a Eoman m(»aic pavement found
in Bonn. In the main room, votive monuments. By the door to the left,
altars of Jupiter, Hercules, and the Dese Matres 1782. *Monument of the
centurion M. CaeUtu, who fell in the ^Bellum Varianum\ the only stone
monument extant relating to the battle in the Teutohargian Forest. Other
interesting sepnlehral monuments (Not. 8124, .3862, etc.). Stones with
Christian inscriptions. ~~ Basbhbnt. Belies of the Moselle bridge at
Coblenz, Roman capitals, sarcophagi. Monuments with representations of
deitif a. V 77. Large votive altar of the Dea Yieioria , with symbols of
Ashing and cattle -rearing. In the middle, large Afotaie Pavemeni from
Weingarten. Sculptares (8731. .£neas and Anchifes; Lion and boar). —
In the adjoining rooms on the left are Romanesqoe, €h>thic, and Benaissance
90 BouU 12. BONN. Poppehdorf.
seulptvres; also a mosaic portrait of Abbot Gilberins <4. 1152) from Laach.
Here are also the 8ehaafhaut$n Collection of BIndUf a Gcibin$t of Coins^ aad
recent acquisitions. — On the Staxbgasb to the first floor, models of
Roman weapons.
TTpper Floor. I. PssBitvoKio Boon (In the middle). la the wall-
oabinets and between the windows are veuiols of the Flint, BroQze, and
Iron Periods. The central glass case contains the famons Necmderial SkvU^
which has been (literally) such a bone of contention among savants. In
the show-case to the right are objects, found in the Ehenish prorincea^
bronse vessels ( armlets and collars of gold (ca. 4th cent. B.C.). —
II. Boom of ths Roman Baoiraas (to the right). In the glass case^ by tbe
windows and in wall^cablnets : utensils and ornaments (partially silvered
dishes, pins, keys, iron-work^ weapon^). Five oases in the middle conftMn
bronse figures (in the 8rd case a good Statuette of an Athlete and a Female
Bast). By the right side- wall: Bronze head of the Emp. Gordian III.
(d. 241); the wig and thunderbolt of a colossal bronxe statue of Jupiter;
in the centre CMrinet, treasures found in Roman graves. — lU. Romak
Tbkbaootta Room. Lamps; vessels of Herra sigiUata's Roman terracotta
vessels (some with black and green glaze). On the entrance-wal), frescoes
from Bonn and Pompeii. — The Cobbidor contains Roman earthenware
t>f a late period (ith cent. A.D.). — IV. Glass Room (at the baek of the
building). Figures in terracotta, masks, ivory carvings, silver and gold
ornaments. — The V. Room contains objects found in Roman tombs. In
the wall -cases are early-Roman cremation- tombs, arranged chronologi-
cally. Late Roman tombs with skeletons. — VI. Room (Prankish Tomb^.
Fine weapons and ornaments, r- VII. PicfUBR GbuxEST, with aome good
Rhenish and IT^etberlandish works. — VIII. Hbdiaval Room. Sculptures
of the 12-13th cent.; Jlenaiuance Tombttone of 1571, from Aiken. Old
Rhenish pottery, real and imitation. Works in IvOry and enameL
The Poppelsdorfer All^e (PI. 0, 6, 4, 5), the principal promenade
of the town, a quadruple avenue of beautiful horse-chestnuts, l/^ M.
long , and flanked with handsome villas and gardens , leads from
the Kaiser-Platz towards the S.W. to the Poppelsdorfer Schloss,
At the end next the town it is crossed by the railway. Farther on,
to the left, a little back from the avenue, is the handsome Ohser^
vatory (PI. C, 4), erected In 1839-46.
The Poppeladorfer Sohlou (PI. B, 5), formerly a residence of
the Electors, erected In 1715-18 from the plans of Robert de Ootte,
with an interesting central court in a circular form, contains the
Natural History ColUctions of the University (open 9 or 10 to 1,
30 pf. ; free on Sun., 11-1, and Wed., 2-4). The Botanical Garden
adjoining the palace is open on Mon., Wed., & Frid, from 2 p.m.;
the hot-houses on Wed. afternoon only.
Opposite the Poppelsdorfer Schloss rises the Chemical Lioboratory
(PI. B, 6), in front of irhich is a stetue of F. A. KekuU (1829-96),
the chemist. Behind it are the Anatomy Building^ the Physiological
InstitutCy and the extensive buildings of the Agricultural Academy
(400-460 students).
Above Poppelsdorf, 'A M. from the Schloss (comp. PL A, 6), rises the
Krenxberg (410 ft.), a *Mt. Calvary' crowned with a conspicuous white
church. It originally belonged to a monastery erected by Elector Ferdinand
of Bavaria in ld27, and contains the ^J7o{y Sterns^ of Italian marble (in the
ohapel behind the altar), constructed about 1750. These steps, 28 in number,
are an imitation of the Scala Santa at the Lateran, and must be ascended
''nly on the knees. Beanti^i] view from the tower.
Rhine Bridge. BONN. /2. Route. 91
The promenade mentioned at p. 8S ends about IV4 M. from the Alte
ZoU, At the new Stadt-Pcark^ and the Stadthalle, a large baroque pavilion,
with an open-air restaurant (p. 8S) and a statue of Bismarck.
KMMnioh, a lai^ village with pleasant country-houses, about IVs M.
from Bonn, is reached by a road diverging from the middle of the Poppels-
dorf Avenue to the left (PI. C, D, 4, 5, €) and leading past the Frederick
WUHcm Hospital And the grounds of the Bonn aporting Ottib (adm. trte \ open-
air restaurant). On the slope of the Vorgehirge (p. 81), immediately above
it, rises the Roienhwff^ a small eh&teau with pretty grounds. — The VemtU'
hmrg^ now renamed the Eaiter-Wilhelm^Park, with a Monwnmt to Emp. Wit-
ham /. (1897), is traversed by a number of pleasant walks; the ^Caeielirtihe
(restaurant; cabs, see p. 86) commands a charming view ofOodesberg, the
Seven IftSi, etc. The paths extend in the one direction, passing the Bis-
marck Tower (lOmin. from the Casselsruhe), to Godesberg (p. 80), and in the
other through woods and the pretty J/istMol (upper part also called J^n^el-
Talf mstic inn) to Poppelsdort
The Old Cemetery (PI. A, B« 2), V« ^' ^'^m the Stemtor, is the
resting-place of many eminent men, chiefly professors at the university,
and is also worthy of a visit on account of its handsome monuments, in-
cluding a bronse memorial of the war of 1870-71, by Kiippers. The little
Chapel in the middle of the cemetery, a graceful late- Romanesque structure,
built at Ramersdorf (p. 70) about the year 1200, was transferred thence to
its present site in 1847.
The ^acefal *Shin6 Bridge (PI. £, 2), bailt in 1896-98 from
the designs of Bnmo Mohring^ Prof, Krohn, and R, 8ohneidery is,
perhaps, the most heantifol iu the Rhenish proyinees. It bestrides
the riyer in three arobes, the central of which has a span of 615 ft.
(Upper Niagara Bridge 840 ft.), while the total length is 1415 ft.
The rich plastic decoration is often of ahnmorons character (e.p. the
so-called ^Briickenm&nnGhen'). ()Ter the flight of steps ascending
to the bridge from the Rhine wharf is a seated flgnre of Julius
Gssar, though this was probably not the spot where he crossed the
Rhine (p. 78). The bridge affords a fine yiew of Bonn and the
Seven Mts. (toll 5 pf.).
At the end of the bridge, on the right bank of the Rhine, lies
Benel (Schippera, with large veranda, near the bridge ; tramway see
p. 86), a station of the railway on the right bank from Cologne to
EhrMibreitstein (p. 82; comp. PI. F, 1). The station of the Broel
Valley RaUway (p. 67; PI. E, 1) lies below the bridge.
From Beuel to the church of Schwarx-Rheindor/f see p. 69.
IS. The Seven Mountains (Siehengehirge),
One day suffices to explore the most interesting points in this district,
unless the visit be for geological purposes. KOnigswinter (a station on the
Right Rhenish railway, and connected through Mehlem, on the opposite
banlt, with the Left Rhenish Railway ^ also a steamboat -station and a
station on the Zahnradbahn to the top of the Drachenfels and the Peters-
berg) is the usual starting - point, but Rhifndor/^ Honn^f^ or Dollendorf,
stauons on the Right Rhenish line, may in some cases be more convenient.
The Venchduerungeverein /ilr da% Siebengebirge has its headquarters at Bonn.
Walkers from KOnigtvinter to the Draehen/els take */< ^- \ thence to
the Oreat Oelberg IV4 hr. , and to Heitterbach U/i hr. more \ back to KGnige-
wiMtr in »/4 hr., or to Ifieder-BolUndor/ in V« ^' ~ From Honn^ to
tbe JfOwenbiirg 1V« br>i thence to the Oreat Oelberg VU br., and vlft HeUUr-
92 Route 13. kONIGSWINTER. TheSeu^
bacJi to Kdnigstointer as above. la this case the Dracbeivfela is ascended
last from Bhondorf or from Ednigs winter. -* From DoUendor/ t^e ex-
carsion is the same as the first-mentioned, but in the reverse direction.
Carriages ai KSnigtwinter^ see p. 93-, at BommA se® P* B3. The whole
tour from KOnigsmnter to ffeisterbach and the MargareUnho/ (heirce on
foot to the Oelberg , Vs ^^')i ^^^ tbence either to the DrachenftU or by
the LHwenburger Hof to ff<mnef may now be accomplished by carriage
(see p. 98).
The heights given in the following description are calculated from the
level of the sea; the approximate height above the Rhine is obtained by
subtracting 160 ft. Geologists who understand German should purchase
Dv. von DtchenU 'Geognostischer Fiihrer in das Siebengebirge' (7 uK), or
Lcuptyrei ^JBiebengeblrge am Khein* (1901 ^ 9 ^), both with maps, published
by Cohen at Bonn.
The ^Seven MoimtaiiMy which form the N.W. termination of the
Westerwald district, extend along the Rhine for about 41/2 M. from
N. to S., with a breadth of 2V2 ^m Konigswinter being the central
point on the W. They consist of a group of peaks, cones, and long,
rounded ridges, some of which are covered with forest and luxuriant
herbage. They are all of volcanio character and consist partly of
trachyte (Drachenfels^ WoUcenburg, Lohrbergjy and partly of basalt,
a more recent formation ( Oelberg ^ NonneHsirombergi Petersberg)^
while the Low&ibuirg Is of dolerite. These seven pealLS, from which
the mountains derive their name, are seen simultaneously only in
the neighbourhood of Oologne ; as Bonn is approached, the Lowen*
burg. is hidden by the Nonnenstromberg. Besides these summits
there are many others, such as the conical Hemnuriek^ of trachyte,
which overtops the lower mountains of the S. side, the RosenaUj
which adjoin the Nonnenstromberg on the E., the Hinchbtrg, and
the Stenzelberg.
KdaigSWinter. — Hotela. On the Bhine: *6]tAND HoTBL Mattbbk, of
the highest class, near tbe upper end of the town and V4 H. from the
pier, B. 3-16, B. IV** ^' 4? pens. 8*/2-16 U>, with garden, terrace, and
restaurant; *Bsblimkb Hop, at the pier, B. from 3, 6. 1, D. 3, pens, from
7 UK; *D€88BLDOBPBB HoF, lowcr down, B. 2-1, B. 1, D. 2-BV3, pens. 67^-
8 U>; *EDaoPAi8CHBB Hop, B. from 21/2. D. 3, pens. 6-7 •#, opposite the
pier, with garden-terrace; ^Honofol-Hbtbopolb, a little farther dowu,
R. 3l^-6, B. 1, D. 3, pens, from 5«4r. — More second class: H6t Bbst. Villa.
iLTis, B. & B. 3.8y«, D. li/a-3, pens. 5-6 Jl ; Kolneb Hop, B. A B. 2J/3-
BVsi pens. 41/2 6 Uv, with terrace and resiaurant; Bhbinischeb Hop, B.
& B. 21/4 Ul, GsBMAinA, B. A B. 21/3 UK, both at the upper end of the
town. — In the Tovn: Alt-Heidelbbbg, Haupt-Str^ B. & B, 21/2 3, pens.
41/2-6 U>; Wbstpalischbr Hof, Drachenfels-Str., B. 2-?V2» B- 'A^ pens.
4-5 U>; H0LLANDI8CHBB Hop, Hauptstr., B. lVt-3» B. V4i ?««»• ^h *^S
LoMafBBZHBiM, B. it B. 2-2V2, pens. 4-41/2 U>; •Kaiserhof, Bahnhof-Str.,
B. 11/2-3, B. 8/4, D. 11/2 UT; Deutschbr Kaiseb, HHupt-Str., B. 11/2-2 Jt ;
T^BBOiscHBB Hop, Drachenfels-Str.; Victoeia, Bahnhof Str., B. & B. li/a-
3 Ul^. — Pension: Villa Bohnen next door to the Diisseldorfer Hof, very fair
(4-b Jl\
Wine. *Baiinghansen, on the Bhine, with a large garden-hall, D. (12-3
p.m.) from 11/2 U>: BUrget'-Catino^ Rhein- Alice 10, with garden (also R. 2-3,
pens. 41/2-6 Jf)i Wiwer-Verein or Vintaaers" Society (p. 99), in the Kirch-
Str., near the Drachenfbls railway (B. II/2, pens. 41/2 Jf)' Reinarz (beer),
Haupt-Strasse. — Oafi and Oonfeotioner : Afertens, in the main street,
below the Roman GathoKe church.
Zahnradbahnen, or Rack and Pinion Railwat/e., to the top of the Drachen-^
^eli (p. 94) and of the I^tereberg (p. 97). In summer there are 18 trains
• • • •
jj»ji,iuiP ••K;j;,7j;,^sj..«t>a«,...jun-.. "«
iVll^clPa .j. iMibi^S.La^Tt
• • «• • *^
Mountains. KONIOSWINTER. 13. Route. 93
dailf , with aoeommodailon for 50-100 passengerfl ; fare to the top 1 UK, down
50 pf. The aaeent takes 10-12 minutes. The starting-pointof the Drachea^
fels line is at the foot of the hill, a little more than 1/4 M. from the station
of the Bhenish railway or the steamboat- quay; the starting-point of the
Peteisberg line is V' ^* ^om the railway-itation, and nearly 1 M. fh>m
the pier.
Oarriages. From the station to the town or to the Petergberg Station,
for 1-2 pcrs., one-horse 60, two-horse 70 pf. \ from the town to the Peters-
berg StaUon, 80 pf., 1 UK; each pers. additional 20 pf., hand-bAg 10 pf.,
trunk 20 pf. — Drives in the envirbns, fares for 1-4 pers. (10 per cent extra
for each pers. additional): to the Drachen/els 4 or 0^/2 Jf^ there and back
within 3 hrs., 51/2 or 71/2 U>; Margarttenhof i^/2 or 6 •#; ffeisterbach SVa or
5 UK, there ana back 5 or 71/2 Jff Ldioenbufg rii. Ifargaretenhof 6 or
7V« UV, there and back (within 4 hrs.) 71/2 or 10 UV, vi& Heisterbach 71/2
or 10, there and back 0Vs brs.) 8 or iijf; P4ter*berg via Heisterbach 6 or
8 UK, the same, returning vi& Margaretenhof (5V2 ^^8.). 9 or 12 UK; Bosenau^
5l^ or 7 JK^ there and back 7 or 9 UK ; Sonne/ 2 or 2>/2 Jt. Drive through
the Seven llts. via Heisterbach, Petersberg, Hargaretenhof, Lowenburg,
and Honnef (8 hrs.), with two horses, 16 •#.
Motor Launch to Godesberg (Bhein-Str.), 1-4 pers. IV2 Jf, each addit.
pers. 20 pf.; fiolandseck 4 Ul (40 pf.); Bona (Stadthalle) 6 UV (60 pf.)-,
Bonn (Bbeingasse) 8 UK (80 pf.), there and back 8 or lO^/s J(f per Vt br.
2 ur (25 pf.J.
Omnioua (starting at the rail. stat. and the Bhine) 15-18 times daily
to Rhdndorf (p. 88; 20 pf.) and Honnef (p. 83; 30 pf.).
Konigswinter (165 ft.) , a thriving little town with 4000 In-
hab., is the best starting-point for a visit to the Seven Moun-
tains, at the foot of which it lies, and is consequently thronged by
tourists in summer. The railway-station lies at the lower end of
the town, and is passed by the road to the Petersherg Railway (p. 96).
From the pier we traverse the town, passing the Church and the
District Courts to the lower terminus of the Drachenfels Railway
(p. 94). ^^ A pleasant walk extends along the bank of the Rhine.
At the upper end of the town are a War Monument and a monument
to Wolfgang MUller of Konigewinter (1816-73), the Rhenish poet,
by Lesfllng.
AsoBNT OP THB Dbaohbnfbls (carriages in waiting at the sta-
tion). The road crosses the railway and coincides for some dis-
tance with that to the Oelberg (p. 95) ; it then turns to the right,
past several handsome villas, and skirts the Hirachberg (p. 95) to
the saddle between it and the Wolkenburg, where the road to the
Oelberg (p. 95) diverges to the left. It then passes a monument
erected in 1892 to H. von Dechen (d. 1889), the eminent geologist and
explorer of the Seven Mts. (p. 92), and ascends in a curve to the
terrace. — Walkers turn to the left on leaving the railway-station
(flnger-post), follow the direction of the railway, and cross the road ;
after 5 min. the path joins that from the Rhine and reaches the
station of the mountain-railway (p. 94). — Other pleasant paths
ascend by the Saurenberg oi through ^e pretty Nachtigallen-'Tal^
quitting the Drachenfels road where it turns to the left, 200 paces
beyond the railway. The way through the Nachtigallen-Tal is that
to the left; after 5 min. it crosses a bridge to the right. At the
Kuckstein (p. 94), both unite with the bridle-path.
94 BouUia.-'Mapyp.O^. DEAOHENFELS. The Seven
The traveller arriving by Steamboat traverses the town (see
p. 93), crosses the railway, and soon reaches the station of the
Zahnradbahn^ or rack - and - pinion railway. Walkers follow the
bridle-path on the side of the rock next to the Rhine, leading in
3/4 hr., partly through wood, to the terrace near the top. Several
cabarets by the wayside: (10 min.) Zur Schonen Aussieht, on the
right, and Zur Drachenburg, on the left ; farther on Zum Ku(^tein
(620 ft.), a little below which onr path is joined by that over the
Saurenberg, and a little above by that through the Nachtigallen-
Tal (p. 93; recommended to those returning to the railway-station).
The path then skirts the rack-and-pinion railway, passes the hand-
some Gothic chateau of Draehenburg^ built in 1883 by Tushaus
and Abbema, and elaborately decorated within with paintings and
other works of art (adm. 50 pf.), and ascends the wooded W. slope
of the hill to the terrace (8/4 hr. from KSnigswinter).
The easiest mode of ascending the Drachenfels, however, is now
afforded by the Rack Ain> Pinion RaIlwat (fares, see p. 93), which
ascends the hill in an almost straight line and approaches the top,
like the road, on the side farthest from the Rhine. Its length is
1662 yds. and its rise 740 ft. ; tiie steepest gradient is 1 : 6. The
viaduct halfway up affords a good view of the Drachenburg.
The Terrace (970 ft. ; ♦Hotel, R. tiom 3, B. 1, D. 3 Jf ; post and
telegraph office; concert on Wed. afternoon), a levelled rocky pla-
teau about 100 ft. below the summit, is embellished with a Gothio
Obelisk commemorating the patriotic spirit of the Rhinelanders in
the years 1813-15, designed by Zwirner and ^ected in 1857.
From the veranda of the inn a series of steps descends to the bridle-
path to Rhondorf (p. 83).
The castle of Drachenfels (1066 ft.), or 'dragon's rock', 4-5 min.
above the terrace, was erected by Arnold, Archbishop of Cologne, at
the beginning of the 12th cent. , bestowed by him on the Cassius
Monastery at Bonn in 1149, and held as a fief from the latter by the
counts of the castle. Henry , Count of Drachenfels (d. 1348) , fur-
nished the chapter of the cathedral of Cologne with the stone for its
construction from a quarry which still bears the name of Dombruehj
or cathedral quarry. Since the Thirty Years' War the castle has
been in ruins. — A Cavern among the vineyards, about halfway up
the hill, is said once to have housed the dragon, slain by Siegfried,
the hero firom the Low Countries, who, having bathed himself in
its blood, became invulnerable (the wine grown here is known as
*Drachenblut', or dragon's bloodj.
*yiew. The sammit eommande one of the nobleat proapects on the
Rhine; to the B. are seen several of the seven peaks, 6.E. the basaltic
heights behind Honnef, among them the Minderberg (p. 74), and the Hem-
merich (p. 92), sloping down to the Rhine. Immeolately below lie Rhon-
dorf, Honnef, Rheinbreitbach, tJnkel, and Erped ; on the left bank Remagen
and the iiothic church on the ApoUinarisberg, in the background the heights
of the Eifel with the ruin of Olhruck (p. 106), in the vicinity Oberwinter,
MorkUah/u, OELBERG. Mapyjp.92.-^13,Bout€, 95
Um islands of Grafenwerth and Nennenwerth, and ^e arehed rain of Ro*
landieck. Fartiier to the right the Kreuzberg, Bonn, and even Cologne
are visible. ^The castled crag of Drachenfels
Frowns o'er the wide and winding Rhine,
Whose breast of waters broadly swells
Between the banks which bear the Yine;
And hills all rich with blossomM trees,
And fields which promise corn and wine
And scatterM cities crowning these,
Whose far white walls along them shine.
Have strewM a scene which I should see
With doable joy wert thou with me.*
Bvron (H)hilde Harold*).
Th« trachyte hill of the Wolkenburg (1086 ft.), to the E. of
the DraohenlelB, was also once crowned by a stronghold, which has
long since been demolished to make way for the extensiye quarries
which have been worked here for centuries. No admission.
The HirBcliberg(836ft.^, crowned with a belvedere, commands
a beautiful view of the Rhine and the valley enclosed by the Seven
Mts. The footpath diverges £rom the road in the saddle between
the Hirschberg and the Wolkenburg, about 200 paces before the
point where the Drachenfels and Oelberg roads separate, and reaches
the summit in y^ hour.
FbOH THB DBACHBNYBLe TO THB Q&BAT ObLBBBO (1 l/j ^^'O* ^^®
carxiage-road, which affords a seriM of charming views, diverges
from the Drm^henfela road in the saddle between the Wolken-
burg and the Hizsohberg (596 ft. ; see p. 93), about 1 M. from the
Diachenfels. On the saddle (1095 ft.) between the Lokrberg and
the top of the Oelberg, where the Drachenfels road is joined by
the roads from Kdnigs winter (IVg hr., ascent 2hrs.), &om Heister-
bach (p. 96), and Atom the Ldwenburg (p. 97), are three good inns :
the Margaireienhof (B. A B. 2V2, D* ^'^% pens. 41/^5 J(% the
8ophiehhof (R. & B. 2V2» ^' IVa-^* P«n«- ^V«-6 uT), and the
MarienhofiR. & B. 2V4, D. 1V2-2, pens. 4-6 Uf). Accommodation
may be obtained also at Michtls Inn, at ItienJbach, 1 M. to the E.
At the crosBHToads at the Margaretenhof are a cross with a re-
lief of St. Margareta and the dragon (1641) and a Unger-post show-
ing the roads to the Oelberg, Petersberg, and Heisterbach. About
100 paces farther on is another guide-post, indicating a footpath to
the top of the Oelberg. This path follows the road, which leads to
the basalt quarries (p. 96), for some distance, and then diyexges
again to the left. The top of the Oelberg is reached in ^2 ^^ •
T)ie ^Oreat Oelberg (1520 ft. ; Reataufrant, plain) is a basaltic
cone which has been upheaved through the trachyte. The prospect
from the summit Is the most extensive on the lower Rhine ; the pic-
turesque foreground differs in many respects from that seen from the
Drachenlels. The whole wooded tract of the Seven Mts. lies like a
map before the spectator j the Rhine glitters between the valleys
which intersect its banks, and its course may be traced as far as
96 BouU13.'^Map,p.9fi. H£IST£RBACH. The Sevtn
Cologne; in the distance to the S. the Tannns, and N.E. the
heights near Dusseldorf. The basalt quarries on the E. side of the
Oelberg are interesting for the carious displacement of the basaltic
columns, which are yisible to a height of 100 ft.
F&OM THE Gbbat Oelbb&o TO Heistbbbaoh (1 hr.). In descend-
ing, a few minutes* walk from the top, we reach a finger-post on the
path by which we ascended, indicating the way to Konigswinter
and Heisterbach. After 10 min. this path joins the road from the
Margaretenhof to Heisterbach (near the kilometre-stone 2.7). From
this road direrge, farther on, a footpath to KSnigswinter, a road
(below kilometre-stone i.8j to the Boseaan (1060 ft. ; Hotel, li. &
B. 2V2' ^' % pens. 5 Jft with view-terraoe, very fair; foundations
of an ancient oa8tle)| and a road (aboye kiiom^tre-stone 1) to the
Nonnenstromberg (1105 ft.) and the (1 M.) PeUrsberg (p. 97). To
the right is the 8Unzelbcrg (945 fte), with extensive trachyte
quarries. The trains of the Heisterbach Valley Steam Tramway
(p. 82) stop when required at the point where the road (short-cut
for walkers) reaches the Heisterbach YaUey.
The venerable Cistercian Abbey of Heisterbach (475 ft.) is one
of the most frequently visited points in the Seven Mountains.
The gate still bears the arms of the abbey, a Heister (young beech)
and a Bach (brook) ; at the side stand St. Benedict and St. Bernard
as guardians. Of the magnificent abbey-church, erected in l^e tran-
sition-style in 1202-37, the end of the choir, with its slender ba-
saltic columns, is alone extant, forming a singularly picturesque ruin.
The abbey itself was sold and almost entirely removed tn the year
1809. Some of the finest old German pictures in the Pinakothek at
Munich were brought firom Heisterbach. In 1897 a memorial was
erected to the monkish author, Cssarius von Heisterbach (ca. 1170-
1240). The abbey-lands now belong to the Prince of Lippe-Detmold
(H6tel-Re8taurant, R. 2-3, pens. 5-7 Jf). — The road passing
Heisterbach terminates at (1^2 M.) DoUendorf (p. 82; railway-
station and tramway-station).
Fbom Heistbrbaoh to ths Pxtbbsbbbg O/s hr.). Oatside the gate we
follow the road asoending to the right till beyond the kilometre-atone 3,si
where the tramway crosses the road, and then ascend the footpath to the
right (several finger-posts).
Fbom Heistebbaoh to K5nioswinteb. A well-' trodden path
leads from the gate of the abbey to the left, and then along the slope
of the Petersberg, passing below the wire-rope railway which connects
the basalt quarries on the Petersberg with the road near DoUendorf, .
through wood and finally vineyards , and reaches Konigswinter in
•/4 hr. [In the reverse direction, we follow the Drachenfels road
to a point 40 paces beyond the railway-crossing, where a finger-post
on the left indicates the way to Heisterbach.]
From K6niq8Winteb to thb Petbbsbbro. The starting-point
of the Zahnradbahn (rack-and-pinion railway, p. 92) is at the foot
of the hiU, about 1/2 M. from the Right Rhenish rail, station (fbllow
Mountains, PETERSBERO. Map,p.9^,— 13.RmU, 97
the railway to the left, cross it to the left by a bioad road, farther
on to the left again; comp. the Map; Im Eilhlen Gmnde Hotel).
The line is 1330 yds. in length and the ayerage gradient is 1 : 5
(maximum 1 : 4). The carriage-road (carriage, see p. 93) makes
a wide detour Tia Heisterhach (p. 96), ascends at first throujgh
vineyards, and farther up is driven through the rocks.
The top of the *Petersberg (1096 ft.), on which there are a
Chaftl and a Hotel ^ Restaurant (R. 2V2-6, B. IV4, D. 3, pens.
6-10 •#), affords, from the different points which may be reached
by a path skirting the margin of the extensive plateau, various
splendid views of the Rhine, the valley surrounded by the Drachen-
fels, Wolkenbnrg, Lohrberg, and Oelberg, and to the N. of the Lower
Rhenish plain with Cologne Cathedral and of the Bergisch hills.
On the way to Ober-DoUendorf, near the up^er end of the Zahnrad-
bahn, and at various other points, are remains ot an early-German stone-
wall that surrounded the summit of the Petersberg.
From the playground to the S.E. of the restaurant a flnger-post shows
the way to Heisterhach, Lowenburg, Eonigswinter, and Drachenffels. The
path crosses the railway and then divides into several branches (flnger-
posts>.
The LdwENBUBO is usually ascended from Honnef or Rhondorf.
From Honnef there are two roads : 1. the new road via Hohen-Honnef
(p. 83), skirting the Fiichshardt and reaching the summit from the
W. ; 2. the older, and much longer, road through the wooded Schmel-^
zer-Tal or Asbacher-Talj then to the left through the Einsiedler-
Tal to the Lowenburger Hof in 2 hrs. — Walkers (1*72 ^^r.) may
follow the footpath on the N. W. slope of the Fuchshardt (_see above),
finally passing near the Augusthohe, or they may ascend from Rorri'
mersdorf, along the brook. At the second bench on the latter route
the shorter way leads to the right ; that to the left skirts the Brei-
berg (see below ; finger-posts).
FnoM RhSndobf (p. 83 ; cross the bridge to the right of the rail-
way-station, then turn to the left through the village) a broad
bridle-path ascends through the narrow valley flanked on the N. by
the heights of the Wolkenburg, the Schallerberg (1006 ft.), and
Oeisherg (1080 ft.), and on the S. by the broad Breiberg (see below),
to the (IV4 hr.) Ldwenburger -Ho/" (1180ft.), a forester's house with
a restaurant (D. 2 UT; also pension), whence the top is attained after
a somewhat steep ascent of 15-20 minutes.
The Ldwe&bnrg (1505 ft.), a wooded peak of dolerite, is crown-
ed with a view-tower, marking the site of an ancient castle, the
outer walls of which are still extant.
For the descent the beautiful shady path may be recommended,
which leads from the Lowenburger Hof to the (V2 ^r.) Orosse Brei-
berg (1040 ft ; •View). Thence in 1/2 l^r. to the left to Honnef, to
the right to Rhondorf.
F&OM THE L6WENBUBG TO THE GsEAT Oelbbbq. From the
Lowenburger Hof a road, forming the continuation of the road from
Babdbkbb's Rhine. 16th Edit. 7
98 RouU U. LANDSKRON. Ahr Valley,
Honnef, leads towards the N. along the E. slope of the Lohrberg
(1440 ft.). After 10 min. a finger-post on the left indicates the path
to the summit of the Lohrberg, which may he reached in 10 min.
(tower with view). The road reaches the Margaretenhof (comp.
p. 96) in 25 min. more.
14. Valley of the Ahr.
The Ahr rises at Blankenheim (p. 204) in the Eifel, descends rapidly
through a winding, picturesque, and generally narrow valley, and falls
into the Rhine below Simiff (p. cO). — The full-flavoured, dark-red wines
produced by the vineyards of the Ahr (the best are those of Watponheimt
Ahrveilerj and Bodendorf) are still termed *Ahrbleichert\ although the
name signifies *pale red wine of the Abr\ It was formerly customary, after
pressing the grapes, to draw off the juice immediately, before fermentation
set in. The wine tnus prepared was of a pink colour. The French plan of
allowing fermentation to begin before the separation of the juice from the
skins has, however, long been in vogue, and the dark-red colour is the result.
Fbom Bemagbn to Adbnau, 26 M., railway in 2 hrs. (fares
3 Jf 40, 2 Uf 60, 1 Uf 70 pf.), to Altenahr in about 1 hr.
Remageny see p. 72. — The train describes a circuit round the
Victoria-Berg and enters the fruitful district at the mouth of the Ahr,
known as the *Goldene Meil'. — 3 M. Bodendorf (HBtel-Restaurant
ChoUn)y a village about 1^2 M- from Sinzig (p. 80), the church of
"^hich is descried to the left. Farther on we obtain a view to the
left of the wooded hills on the right bank of the Ahr.
The train now skirts the Landskron (910 ft.), a lofty basaltic
hill, which may be ascended in V2 ^^* either from Lohrsdorf (at its
S.E. base, IV2 M. from Bodendorf), from Heppingen (to the W.,
IY2 M. from Neuenahr) or from Heimersheim (see below).
The castle on the summit, which commands an extensive view, is
said to have been founded in 1206 by Emp. Philip of Hohenstaufen, when
on his way to be crowned at Aix-laChapelle, for the purpose of keeping
in check the hostile Archbishop Bruno of Cologne. It was destroyed by
the French in 1677 and again in 1682 by Elector William of Cologne. The
Chapel (closed) on the S.W. side of the summit has a basaltic grotto
which serves as a sacristy, l^ear it is a quantity of massive basalt,
overlying columnar basalt.
At the W. base of the Landskron are the Heppingtr- and the
Landskrontr-Mineralqutlle y two refreshing springs, impregnated
with carbonic acid gas. The Apollinarisbrannen, a similar spring,
situated a little farther up the valley, was discovered in 1851, and
is exploited by the English Apollinaris Company Limited, which has
made Apollinaris Water familiar throughout the world (30 million
bottles exported yearly).
5 M. Heimersheim (Mohren, at the station), with a small, but
handsome church which, with its octagonal tower over the centre of
the transept, closely resembles that of Sinzig. Choir richly adorned.
Stained glass of the early-Gothic period. A pleasant path ascends
from the station to the top of the Landskron.
jjgofcjlLSjj^JLVi^^iJ^AtLflrJL Lrhr^ . E.r j juie
Ahr Valley. NEUENAHR. 14. Route. 99
6^4 M. Keaenahr. — Hotels (all well spoken oO. On the right
bank of the Ahr: *Kus-HdTSL, in immediate connection with the Bath
Establiahment, first-class, with every modem comfort, B. 3-4Vt} B. 1V4)
D. 3, board 61/4 M; Victosia, B. 21/2-6, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 6-lU M; Con-
cordia, B. 21/24, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. OVz-S Mi Heihes, *H6tsl Hohbm-
zoLLEEN, in both B. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2V4i pens, from 51/2 M; Goldshes Anksb;
Bella Biya^ Habiahilf, for Boman Catholics, pens. S-6 M; Walbdbois'
8TIPT, for Protestants, pens. 6-6 •#. — On the left bank of the Ahr, near
the station: *Gb. Hot. Floba, with garden, B. 2V2-3V2, B. 1, D. 81/2, pens.
7-10 •#; *Bheimi8ches Hop, B. 2Vt-4, B. 1, D. 31/2. pens. 7-9 M; /Bonn's
KBONEN-HdTEL, B. 2-5, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens. 6-10 M ; *Pala8t-H6tel, B. 2V2,
B. 1, D. 3, pens. 6-12 M^ with restaurant (see below); *Kabl SchbSdbb,
B. 2-5, B. 1, D. 8, pens. T-lOuf; Hop von Holland, B. A B. 8V2-4, D. 3,
pens. 6V2-8*#; Tbaube, B. 21/2-4, B. 1, D. 8. pens. B^tS Jit Kaisbb
WiLHELH, with lift, B. from 2V«, pens. 6V2-I6 Jf; Gbrmanla, B. 2-4, B. 1,
D. 3, pens. 6V2-8 Jt; Kaiseehof, R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2^/2, pens. 5Vr8 U(f;
HdTBL Bbistol; Kesslbb; Stbbn, B. A B. 2-2V2) pens. 4V2-5 •#; Bbiohs-
adlbb; Bbichspobt; Ooldeneb Pfluo. — Private apartments and villas
may also be procured.
Gafia. Bellevue^ JohannUherg^ both with gardens and view. — Beatau-
rants. In the *Kurh(xu»^ with terraces ; Palast-Hdtel (see above), D. 2 •#,
Munich, Pilsener and other beers at both; Stern^ B. 11/2.^, Munich beer;
Monopoly with garden, and others. — Vfine Boom of the Winter- Fsretn,
near the station.
Garriaget. From the station to the village, 1 pers. 60, each additional
pers. 30 pf. *- For longer drives the charges are usually the same as from
Ahrweiler. — Motob-Omnibus to Ahrweiler.
Post & Telegraph Office, near the Kur-Hdtel.
Fhytioian, Dr. K. Gruhe (speaks English).
Neuenahr (302 ft.), a flourishing modern watering-place contain-
ing 3300 inhab. and yisited by 16,000 patients yearly, consists of
three formerly separate Tillages, yiz. Hemmessen and Wadtnhtim
(right bank) and Beul (left bank). On the left bank of the Ahr stand
the railway - station, the Protestant, and a new Catholic church;
and on the right bank are the Kurhaus, erected in 1903-6, contain-
ing a restaurant, reading and other public rooms, a theatre, etc.,
the Bath Establishment (with 100 baths of different kinds), built in
1898-99, and the Kurhaus Garden with its arcades. The water of
the thermal springs (86-120° Fahr.), which were discovered in 1854,
Is alkaline and chiefly contains bicarbonate of soda, with an insig-
nificant admixture of carbonate of magnesia and carbonate of lime ;
it is strongly impregnated with carbonic acid. The most important
are the Orosse Sprudel^ discovered in 1861, and the Neue Sprudel
(120® Fahr.) discovered in 1904. The springs are beneficial in cases of
chronic catarrh, derangement of the pulmonary and digestiTe organs,
enlargement of the liver, diabetes, and uric acid diathesis. The
climate of Neuenahr is admirably suited for lung-diseases of a non-
Irritable nature. — The old Roman Catholic church dates from the
beginning of the 18th cent., the tower from the early Middle Ages.
The Xbuknahb Fobest, which covers the hills to the S. of the waters
ing-place, is intersected in all directions by roads and paths. The favourite
pointo are Wald«»ruh^ Augutta-mhe^ Karltkopf (643 ft.), FUrstenberg-HSht
0361 ft.), and the scanty rains of the Gastle of Neuenahr (1119 ft. ; rfmts.)
on a basaltic hill reached by a road beginninff near tiie Victoria Hotel.
The castle was built by Otto von Are about 1226, and in 1363 came into
7*
100 Routel4.^Map,p.98. AHRWEILER. Ahr Valley.
the hands of the Knighis of Bodesberg, who afterwards assumed the title
Count of!Neuen-Are. It was destroyed in 1371 by Archbishop Siegfried of
Cologne with the help of the inhabitants of Ahrweiler. — Other walks
may be taken to the JoharmUberg (open-air restaurant) and back, V4 br.^
along the left bank of the Ahr to the VictoiHchEdhe (689 ft.) and back,
V4 hr.; to the top of the Lcmdikron and back, 2 hrs.; to AhrveUer and the
Calvarienherg and back, 1V2-2 hrs.
8 M. Ahrweiler. — Hotels. Steew, E. IV2-2V2, D. 2V2, pens. B-6 J(,
unprete&tious but good; Deri Keonen, B. 1V«3, D. 2-21/2, pens. iVr^ JK;
Deutscheb Hop, B. it B. 2Va •#. — Winter- Verein, near the walporz-
heimer Tor, with restaurant.
Carriage Tariff. To the Calvarienhergy 1 pets. 1 •<#, each addit. pers.
40 pf. ; to Walporxhetm, Marienthal, or iV^ettenaAr, one-horse (for 1-3 pers.)
IVs, two-horse (4-5 pers.) 2V2 Jf; to AUenahr 5 or 1 J(, there and back
spending the whole dav 10 or 13, passing the night 14 or 18 J(; to the
Laacher See 13 or 16 JT, there and back 17 or 22 J(.
Ahrweiler (340 ft.) is a thriving little town with 4455 inhab.,
surrounded by old walls with well-preserved gates, and carrying on
an active trade in wine. In the middle ages it helonged to the
Electorate of Cologne, and was repeatedly besieged during the fend
between the chapter of the cathedral, to which it adhered, and
the deposed archbishops. In 1646 and 1680 the town was besieged
by the French, by whom in 1689 it was entirely burned with the
exception of ten houses. The Gothic Church of St. Lawrence^ found-
ed in 1245, dates partly from the 14th and the end of the 15th cent.,
and was restored in 1901 and provided with a new spire. Pleasant
walk from the station to Lantershofen, and on to the (7-2 M.) CaU
varienberg, on the right bank of the Ahr, crowned with a Franciscan
monastery, dating from 1678 but occupied since 1838 by a girls'
school managed by Ursuline nuns. Another walk may be taken from
the Calvarienberg vil the Steintalskopf (good views) and through
the Geishach'Tal and Heckenbach-Tal to (1^/4 hr.) Walporzheim.
The railway skirts the old walls of Ahrweiler on the S.
91/2 M. Walporzheim (SL Peter, with garden ; Deutscher Kaiser^
at the station ; 8t. Joseph or Winzer- Verein, good wine at all), a place
(380 inhab.) mentioned under the name of Walpredeshoven in a docu-
ment of 893, and long celebrated for its wine. This village lies at
the beginning of the narrower part of the Ahr Valley , which is
well-suited for walkers as far as (2-272 ^rs.) Altenahr.
The railway and road now enter a rocky ravine, flanked by jagged
and riven cliffs of slate ; on the left rushes the Ahr, on the right
rises an almost perpendicular black wall of slate-rook, from which a
single ridge called the ^Bunte KuK projects. At the top is a small
inn, which commands an admirable view, especially by evening
light, and may be reached in ^2 ^^* either from Ahrweiler (past a
chapel *Deo' on the right) or Walporzheim. The railway crosses and
recrosses the stream. On the left bank, adjoining the road, are
the ivy-clad ruins of the nunnery of Marienthal, near the hamlet
of that name.
Ahr Valley. ALTENAHR. Map,p,98.— 14, Route. 101.
12 M. Dernau (Brenig, KSlner Hof, both unpretending), below
the railway-station. The valley again contracts, and the Ahr winds
through a wild, rocky district. The road follows the left bank of the
stream, passing opposite the precipitous cliff on the top of which
stand the fragments of the Saffenburg (845 ft.), captured by the
French in 1702 and destroyed by the imperial troops in 1704. The
railway passes through a tunnel beneath 'the J3*^«ii^ii/g > oroBsei
the river, and reaches — ^^ .* [\' f / _ , '
131/2 M. Maysckoss (Inn of the Winzer-Vereln, at the station). A
bridge leads to the village, which lies onf the left banK. . A pati, pom-
manding beautiful views, ascends hence to the top ottY^e Horn (p. 102).
The railway once more crosses the Ahr. At the Lochmiihle
(V2 M. from Maysohoss; Inn, very fair, R. & B. 2-3, D. 2-2V2» pens.
4-5 Jf) both the road and the railway enter a deep cutting through
the projecting grauwacke cliffs of the Ouckley, which. may be ascended
by steps from this point — We next pass the hamlets of Loach and
Reimerzhofen , at the latter of which , 1 M. from the Lochmiihle,
pedestrians should ascend a path through the vineyards to the right
to (V4 hr.) the Weisse Kreuz (p. 102; paths through the vineyards
are closed from the end of August till the middle of October). The
railway crosses the river beyond Laach, but, after ascending a steep
gradient, returns to the left bank by means of a bridge, 275 ft. long
and 56 ft. high, and side by side with the road enters a short tunnel,
by which the circuit of I72 M. described by the valley is out off.
The river is again crossed before Altenahr is reached.
15 M. Altenahr. — Hotels. *Ga8pabi, B. a B. 2V3-3, D. 3, pens.
5-6 J(; •Bhbinischbr Hop, with garden on the Ahr, R. A A. 2-2V2, B. V4,
D. from 2, pens, from 5 •«, hoth ahout 4 min. from the station; *Post,
at the station, with small garden and view, B. & B. SV^* pens. 6 Utf;
Wbissbs Kbeuz, R. & B. 2Vs-3, pens. 4-5 utf. — Restaurant of <A« TTi/i^cr-
Vertin. at the rail, station. — Permissions for trout-fishing in the Ahr are
issued by the Burgomaster.
Altenahr (520 ft.), with 900 inhab. , situated amidst very pic-
turesque scenery, is the final goal of most visitors to the Ahr Valley,
and in summer, especially on Sundays, it is often unpleasantly
crowded. The bridge, on the road from the station to the village,
commands a lovely prospect, both upstream and downstream ; another
good point of view is the Henlei, above the station. The prettily-
situated Romanesque church has a Gothic choir.
A broad path, beginning opposite theH6tel Caspari (blue marks),
ascends to (8-10 min.) the *Caatle of Altenahr (892 ft. ; adm. 50pf.),
the ruins of which are perched on a bold, jagged cliff, rising im-
mediately above the village. This was once the seat of the power-
ful Counts of Are and afterwards of the Counts of Hochstaden, of
whose elder branch Ci)nrad, Archbishop of Cologne, the founder of
the cathedral of Cologne in 1248, was the last scion. The castle,
which is said to have existed as early as the 10th cent. , was con-
siderably strengthened by the Electors of Cologne In the 14th and
102 Route U.^ Map, p, 08. BRUCK.
15tli ; it fell into the hands of the French in 1672 and again in 1690,
and was finally destroyed in consequence of the Peace of Utrecht
(1714). — The view from the Weisse Kreuz, on a rocky ridge to
the N. of the castle, on the footpath between Reimeizhofen (p. 101)
and Altenahi, surpasses that from the castle, as the latter itself forms
the foreground of the landscape. The ascent to the Weisse Kreuz
",tT6m Alteoajit «ls<> )>egins with the broad path mentioned above.
-StiU finer Is the: ri^w, from the *Schwarte Kreu%, on the height on
.the right bank of th© Ahr^ opposite the castle on the S. (reached
.f JOm the lait. ; station. through the vineyards in ^4 hr.). About
40 min.' f^rthe5r OW is the *ycu/cIs^ocfc, a gap in the rocks, affording
a view of the Ahr deep below.
Another fine point of view ia the ♦Horn (1276 ft.). We follow the road
to (s/4 M.) Alteftbwff (see below), then turn to the left, and, after 100 pacea,
take the footpath to the right and ascend to (^/i hr.) the pavilion on the
top. We may return either to the E. viS, Mat/schoss (p. 101 ; 1V« hr.), or
to the 8. via Dmn and BrUek (see below).
Other points of view are the EngeUUy , to the S. of the castle (ascent
from the lower end of the tunnel through which the highroad passes, V4 hr. ;
inn; adm. 25 pf.); the Kalenbomer Hdhe (inn), 3 M. from Altenahr on
the road to Meekmhetm (p. 208); and the Hattnherg (1549 ft.), near OUr-
Krdlingen, 4Vs M. to the K.W. of Altenburg. Near the latter, at Vellm.
are the hill of HoehthUrmen (1608 ft.) and the HHdengarten^ both surrounded
with basaltic blocks.
The railway continues to ascend the Ahr Valley, crossing and
recrossing the river at the cliffs below the Teufelsloch (to the right)
and the hamlet of Altenburg (to the left; see above). On a bold emi-
nence to the right, between the valleys of the Vischeler Bach and
8arbac\ rises the ohUeau of Herr von Boselager, opposite which lies
the village of Kreuzberg (Wirz*s Inn). Once more returning to the
right bank, the train passes the village of Piitzfeld, and reaches —
17 M. Bruck (Linden), at the mouth of the Kesselinger-Tal,
In the Kesaelinger-Tal, with fine rocky scenery, a road ascends to
(3/3 M.) Dmn, where the path from the Horn descends (see above), and the
path to the Hohe Acht mentioned below diverges to the S., and (2 M.)
Keueling. Here the road forks: to the right to Weiden^ach^ Her$ehhachi and
(5V« M.; about 3 hrs\ walk from Briiok) Kaltenbom (Langenfeld's Inn);
thence to the Hohe Aeht (see below), V^-l hr. — The footpath leading to
the S. from Denn, and ascending the Denntal, another v&Uey with pic-
turesque rocky scenery, is preferable. Farther on, it leads through mea-
dows and fine woods to the Holte Worth (2050 ft.; on the right) and past
the forester's house of Soke Aeht (rfmts.) to the top of the Sohe Aeht
(p. 103 i about 3»/« hrs.).
The river is crossed and recrossed. — 191/2 M. iJdnntn^en (Surges,
poor). Beyond Liers (3 M. up the Lierser-Tal rises the picturesque
ruin of Wenzberg^ we reach —
22 M. Dumpelfeld , where the highroad forks , the W. branch
ascending the Ahr Valley, the S. branch that of Adenau.
The road that continues hence through the Ahr Valley leads by 7n«el,
the picturesquely- situated (2 M.) Schuld, the (2 M.) Lat^fenbaeher Hof
(inn), and Fuehsho/en^ to the (I/2 M.) WeuJtolder Ho/ and (S/4 M.) AntwMlw
(Brenig), a hamlet lying *Ia M. to the K. of MUseh^ on the road from Adenau
to Blankenheim. — From the last two we may ascend in IV4 hr. to the
top of the Aremberg, a basaltic cone crowned with the ruins Of the an-
ADENAU. MapSjpp.98j202.^I4.Route. 103
ceatral castle of the Dukes of Aremberg and a view-tower, 50 ft. high
(key kept by the burgomaster at Antweiler).
The railway and highroad now quit the Ahr Valley, and ascend
that of the Adenauer Bachj vi& Niedef'Adenau and Leimbach.
26 M. Adenau (950 ft.; Eifeler Hof, R. A B. 2 uif 60 pf., D. 2,
pens. 4-5 Jf; Halber Mond, R. & B. 2V2-3, D. 11/2-2, pens. 4-5 Jf ;
Krone, R. & B. 1V2-2 •^; Wildes Schwein, R. & B. 2 ulT 40 pf.^
a district-town with 2826 inhab., on both banks of the stream. The
parish-church, dating from the 11th cent., but subsequently com-
pletely altered, has a rectangular choir and a late-Gothic carved
high-altar.
Near the village rise the two highest peaks of the Eifel, both com-
manding an extensive view. About iVs M. to the £., and reached by the
road up the Exhaeh-Tal, is the basaltic Hohe Acht (2443 ft). At the top
is a small refuge-hut, the key of which is kept at the forester's (rfmts.),
to the left, before reaching the top. — About 4V2 M. to the 8. of Adenau,
by a path diverging to the left beyond Breidscheid (inn) from the road
to Quiddelbach and Kelberg, we reach the steep Nilrburg (2225 ft.), sur-
mounted by a ruined castle mentioned as early as 943, with a lofty tower,
commanding a fine panorama (key at the village inn, below the castle;
SO pf.). Comp. the Map, p. 202.
DiLiGBNOB from Adenau once daily in 2 hrs. to (10 M.) KeVberg (Pauli,
fair) and thence to Ulserath (5 M. in 1 hr. •, p. 209).
15. From Andemach and from Brohl to the
Laacher See.
Railway to Krufi or Niedermendig ; thence on foot to the Abbey of
Loach (from Eruft, vi& the Krufter Ofen, in 2^/4 hrs., from Kiedermendig
in 1 hr.) ; then vi& Wtmenach, in \?l\ hr., to Bad Tdnniuidn^ a station on
the Brohl Valley Railway (p. 104).
From Andhbnaoh to Niedeshbkdig (Mayen, Vaun, Oerolstdn,
see p. 208), 91/2 M. ; branch-railway in I/2 hr. (fares 90 or 60 pf.).
Andemach^ see p. 76. — 4 M. Plaidt ; the village (360 ft. ; Zillien)
has a handsome church. From the station we reach in Y4 hr. the
Bauseher-Miihle (Inn, pens. 4 Jf), surrounded by splendid trees,
where the Nette is precipitated over blocks of lava, forming a series
of small cascades. In the vicinity are extensive tufa-quarries (comp.
p. 104). On a rock rising abruptly from the Nette, y^hi. to the left,
stands the ruin of Wemerseck (560 ft.), with a well-preserved tower.
— The hills which are now visible on both sides of the line are all
extinct volcanoes : to the right are the Niekenicher Weinberg (736 ft.)
and the Krufter O/'en (1538 ft. )j to the left, the Plaidter Hummerich
(968 ft.), with Its saddle-like summit, and the Korretsberg(^SAtt.y
6 M. Kraft (Atier), a village with 1900 inhabitants. A pleasant
road, soon contracting to a footpath, leads from the station to
(1 V4 br.) the Krufter Of en (see above), which commands a good view
of the Laacher See and the Seven Mts. (descent to Laach, 1 hr.).
Farther on, to the left, in the plain, is the Frauen-Kirche , or
church of St. Oenovefa, where according to the legend the saint was
found by her husband Siegfried, Count Palatine of Hohenslmmern
104 noute 15. BROHLTAL. From Brohl
(d. 754). The cliarclL contains monuments of a married couple
(14th cent.), said to represent them. Numerous mineral springs
hubble up In this neighbourhood, the water of which is now bottled
and exported.
91/2 M. Kiedermendig (Oute QuelU, Post, R. & B. 2-3, D. 1-
2 Jf y both very fair; Erholung, R. & B. 2-272, D. IY4, pens.
41/2 ur ; Schutzenhof, B. 1 Vr-^, B. 72-^/* •^, pens. 3-6 Jf), a village
with 3413 Inhab. and an old church recently enlarged , containing
mural paintings of the 12th cent., stands upon a stream of basaltic lava
(probably ejected by the Hochstein), which yields admirable material
for millstones, paving-stones, etc. The quarries, which are more than
60 ft. under ground, and were probably once worked by the Romans,
are almost all connected. The roof is supported by massive pillars
left for the purpose. A guide (1 Jf) precedes visitors with a torch ;
the inspection occupies an hour (overcoat desirable). The deserted
galleries are used as beer-cellars on account of their low temperature,
to which the beer of Niedermendig chiefly owes its reputation. —
Continuation of the railway to Mayen and Oerolstdn, see p. 208.
FsoM NiBDBRMBNDiG TO Laach (p. 106), 372 M., by a dusty
road. Carriages meet the trains (4 Jf, with two horses 6 Jf). The
second half of the route, after the intervening hills have been crossed,
affords a charming view of the lake and the fine abbey-church.
Fbom Bsohl (p. 75) TO Kbmpenich, 15 M., narrow-gauge rail-
way in 1^/4 hr. — The line ascends the Brohltal, a deep winding
valley, enclosed by wooded mountains. On both sides are numerous
tufa-quarries, some of which are open, while others are driven like
mining-shafts into the hill. The extensive stratum of Tufa, 50-
100 ft. in thickness, which covers the floor of the valley and the
lower slopes of the hills, is, like the conglomerate stone mentioned
at p. 78, the result of showers of volcanic matter. When pounded
('trass') and mixed with lime this tufa possesses the invaluable
property of hardening under water, and it is largely exported to
Holland for the construction of dykes. — To the right, after 2 M.,
in the middle of the valley, rises the small castle of S<^weppenburg
(310 ft.), probably erected in the 16th century.
The Hbilbbx7mnbs>Tal, which diverges here to the 8., contains the
Heilbrunnen (385 ft.)i a mineral spring similar to the EreuKbrnnnen of
Marienbad. — The Brohl Valley generally, as well as the vicinity of the
Laacher See, abounds in mineral springs, Impregnated with the carbonic
acid gas that issues from the fissures of the slate-rock.
21/2 M. Bad TdnniBstein (410 ft. ; Kurhaut, very fair, R. from 3,
B. 3/4, pens. 6-6^2 •^i t^© water of which, resembling that of
Belters, was collected in a tank as early as 1700.
The line now crosses the Brohlbach and, traversing a tunnel,
enters the broader part of the Brohl Valley. — 31/2 M. Borgbrohl
(480 ft.; Traube, unpretending but good; Krone) y with an old
castle, restored in the 18th century.
to Loach. LAACHER SEE. 15, Route. 105
Beyond (4^/2 M.) WeiUfj the ancient crater of the Bausenherg
(1150 ft.) rises on the right. — 6 M. Nieder-Zissen (Fuhrmann).
From Kieder-Ziasen a road leads past the volcanic peak (S/4 hr.) of
Berehenberg (1060 ft.), Obei'-Liitzinffm (25 min.), and (25 min.) yieder-LHt-
gingeny to (40 min.) the castle otRheineck (p. 75), where we reach the Rhine.
— From Kieder-Zissen to Neuenahr (p. 99), ahont 12 H.
The next station is (71/2 M.) Oher-Zissen (750 ft), at the con-
flnence of seyeral hrooks forming the Brohlhach. On a lofty phono-
lithio cone on the right, 21/4 M. from Ober-Zissen, appears the castle
of Olbrftck (1550 ft.), one of the highest points in this district, with
an extensive view. The castle was destroyed by the French in 1689.
The key of the min is kept at Rademacher's Inn in Hain, the village
below the castle (1 Jf"). — The railway now ascends more rapidly,
with the Hannehacher Lei and the Perlkopf (1930 ft.) on the right.
10 M. Brerik. To the right rises the SchelUcopf (1675 ft.). — 11 M.
Engeln, at the highest point of the line (1640 ft.), commands an
extensive view. — At (12 M.) Weibem (1330 ft.) are quarries of
hard grey tufa. — 15 M. Kempenich.
Visitors to the Laacher See quit the narrow-gauge line at Bad
Tonnisstein (p. 104). The road thence (13/4-2 hrs.) passes (V3M.)
the ruins of the (1.) Carmelite nunnery of Antoniusstein (hence the
corruption *Tonnisstein'), and ascends to the right to (I3/4 M.)
Wassenach (915 ft. ; Porsch). About 3/^ M. above Wassenaoh we
reach the wood (1150 ft.), where the road begins to descend towards
the Laacher See. On the right rises the wooded Veitskopf (iSSO ft),
a volcanic peak with a double crater opening on the W. , and a
broad, abruptly-inclined lava-stream. At a restaurant, a path (guide-
post) leads to the left to the Lydia- Turnip commanding a wide
prospect (adm. 10 pf.). The road to Laach skirts the lake and in
1/2 hr. reaches the Edtel Maria Laach (R. 2-3, D. 272 Jf, very fair).
The *Laacher Bee (900 ft.) occupies a nearly circular basin,
12/3 M. in diameter and 5 M. in circumference, and is about 175 ft.
deep In {he middle. It is the largest of the crater-like tarns of the
Eifel (p. 203), and, though not itself a crater, has doubtless been
formed by volcanic action.
The volcanic formations for which the Vorder-Eifcl is remarkable
occur here in very great variety, and the lake itself has obviously been
the central point of the volcanic activity of this neighbourhood. It is sur-
rounded by five craters : the Veitsiopf (see above), the Laacherkopf (1508 ft.),
the Laacher Rothenbarg (1670 ft.), the Thelenberg (1328 ft.), and the KrnfUr
Of 9% (p. 102). Upwards of forty dl£ferent streams of lava have been counted
in the environs of the lake. — The lake has no natural outlet, but in the
12-lSth cent, an artificial shaft was formed, by which the superfluous water
was conducted to the ITette. This was re-opened and improved in 18^-44.
On the S.W. bank rises the Benedictine Abbey of * Laach,
founded in 1093 by Count Palatine Henry (d. 1095), once one of the
wealthiest and most celebrated in Germany. The abbey was sup-
pressed by the French in 1802, and from 1863 to 1873 it was in
the hands of the Jesuits, who established a school here for pupils of
106 Routel5.—Map,p.l04, LAAOH.
the order. In 1893 it was restored to the Benedictines. The * Church,
completed in 1156, with dome, transepts, two choirs, five towers,
and crypt, is a noble example of the Romanesque style, heing
most impressiye externally (p. xxvlii). The upper parts of the
towers and the beautiful Porch in front of the W. fa^de (in form
of a cloister), restored in 1859, belong to the close of the 12th
century. The ornamental details are executed with wonderfal deli-
cacy. The vaulting in the interior deviates from the usual style in
having its longitudinal sections in the nave no broader than those
In the aisles. In the W. choir is the monument of the founder,
a sarcophagus wifli a recumbent figure, beneath a hexagonal canopy
supported by columns, dating from the end of the 13th century.
The two front columns are monoliths of variegated calc-sinter, found
in the Roman aqueduct through the Eifel Mts. The high-altar, with
the arms of the Hohenzollem and beautiful mosaics, was presented
to the abbey by Emp. William II.
On the E. side of the lake, nearly opposite the abbey, is a building
of two stories, erected by the Jesuits. If ear it, about 20 ft. above the
water, is a ^tno/ette\ a hollow 7 ft. in width, and 3-4 ft. in depth, whence
a stream of carbonic acid gas (most perceptible in wet weather) constantly
issues. The suffocating nature of the lower strata of the air in this hol-
low may be tested by stooping down and attempting to breathe it.
A cart-road ascends from Laach vi& Bdl (Daub's Inn, with key of the
tower) to the (1*/* hr.) view-tower on the Oftnsehala (1873 ft.), commanding
an extensive prospect of the Laacher See, the Fellenz, the mountains on
the Rhine and the Moselle, and of OlbrUck and the Seven Mts. to the 1^.
(in clear weather, the cathedral of Cologne is visible). From Bell via
Ohermendig (Spitzlay, plain), with the Elisabethbrunnen, to Kiedermendig
(p. 104) 1 hr. Interesting view to the right of the Ettringer Bellenberg
(p. 208), the upper part of which resembles the section of a volcano.
16. Coblenz and its Environs.
The piers of the large Stbamjboats are below the bridge-of-boats. —
The Railway Station is on the W. side of the town, at the foot of the
Karthause, about iV4 M. from the piers, and Vs M. from the Rhine Promen-
ade. There is another station at JShrenbreitstein (p. Ill) for the trains of
the Railway of the Right Bank. — Hotel-omnibuses meet the trains at the
central station, and also some of the steamers, but not the trains at
Ehrenbreitstein.
Hotels. On the Rhine: •Biese-Fdbstenhop ((yianf; PI. a), newly fitted
up, ^'Bbllbvus (PI. b), two large houses of the first class; Ankkb (PI. c;
same proprietor as the Riese) ; *Tbaubb, Rhein-Strasse, R. 2-4 , B. 1, D. 2,
pens, from 6 •<#; Viotokia, opposite the bridge-of-boats, plain, R. Vlt-%
B. 8/4 Jt. —In the Town: *Monopol (PI. fV. at the corner of the Schloss-
Str. and the Lohr-Rondell, R. 2V«-6i B- 1» ^' 3, good wine ; Palast-Pabk
Hotbl (PI. p), Kaiser Wilhelm-Ring Ms Zbntbal - H6tbl (PI. d), Eisen-
bahn-Str. 32, at these two R. 2-3, B. ijf; Wildbs Schwbin (PI. e), in the
Plan, R. U/f3^/2.B. i J(; Hotel db TaftvEs, in the Clemens-Plats, next
the theatre (PI. 26), R. IV4 2V2, B. »/4 Jt; HStbl db CJoloohb (PL k), by
the Moselle bridge , well spoken of; Emobls , Schloss-Str. 84 , with the
Miinchner Kindl restaurant (p. 107), R. A B. 1V«-2V« Jfs Spbinobb (PI. si,
Lohr-Str. 66. — At the Station: Hansa H6tel (PI. h}, R. 2-4, B. 1 Jf;
Bahnhofs H6tbl, unpretending; a new hotel is under construction. —
Pensions. English Lodge {Villa Oermcmia)^ Mainzer-Str. 98, pens. 4i/r6 M;
E6UI Mheinho/, at Pfaifendorf, see p. 113.
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Practical Notes, COBLENZ. 16, Route. 107
Oaf^s-Bestanrants. *Monopol (with American Bar), at the Giant Hotel,
only in summer, with a view of Ehrenbreitstein ; *Btddti$che Festhalle
(p. 110; wine & beer restaurant); at the Bdtel d« Trivet, p. 106; refresh-
ments in the ^TrinkJialUj on the Rhine Promenade, military music in
summer on Thurs. afternoons. — Wine. *Tillmann, near the Eaufhaus
(p. 109), with a view of the Moselle; BeheMj Fruchtmarkt; Voffelsang
(Scbommer), Regierungs-Str. 17. — OivU-Casino (PI. 2), good wine; intro-
duction by a member necessary. — Beer. Frantiskaner LeisfbrSUf Franzis-
kaner, both in the Oceben-Platz ; MUnchner Kindly Schlo8s-8tr. 34.
Batha. Warm, Russian, and Turkish baths in the Residentbad, Castor-
pfaffen-Str. 8. — Rirer- baths in the Rhine, attached to the bridge-of-
boats (bath 50 pf.) and at the swimming-baths (also for ladies ; warm baths)
in the Rhine Ftomenade.
Poet and Telegraph Office (PI. 22), at the comer of the Clemens-Platz.
Gaba. Within the town-limits (including Ehrenbreitstein ; bridge-toll
see p. 112): per V4 hr., 1-2 pers. 70 pf., 3-4 pers. 1 Jt; with two horses
1 Ur, 1 •# 30 pf.; each 1/4 hr. additional, 60 pf., with two horses 60 pf.
Double fare at night. Luggage ftrom 33 to 65 lbs. 'i6 pf., up to 110 lbs. 60 pf. —
Drive to the Rittereturx (p. Ill) via the Laubach 41/3 or 6, there and
back with 2 hrs\ stay 6 or 8 •#; via the Earthause, 7 & 10, or 10 & UJlf
fort of Ehrenbreitstein (p. 112), or to the top of the Asterstein (p. 112),
4 or 5, and back with 2 hrs". stay, 5 or 7 Uff (bridge-toll extra).
Local Steamers to Ehrenbreitetein (5 pf.), starting opposite (he end of
the Rhein-Str. (convenient for passengers by the Railway of the Right
Bank); to VaUendar (p. 85; 20 pf.), from the piers of the large steamers
twelve times daily. — A service oi Motor Boats up the Rhine is projected.
Electeio Tramways. From the Bridge-of-Boats to the Central Railway
Station and the SchUteenho/ (at the junction of the streets issuing from
the Halnzer Tor and the Lohr-Tor). — From the Ooeben-Platz to the
BchUtzenhof and thence in summer to Oapellen (p. 114; 20 min. ; 35 pf.). —
From the Plan across the Moselle Bridge to Neuendorf (p. 79), and to
Metlemich (p. 206). — From the former Lohr-Tor to Ehrenbreitstein vii the
Eaiser Wilhelm Bing (p. 110), and the Pfaffendorf Bridge (p. 110), 15 pf.
— From the Lohr-Str. to Moselweiss (p. 191). — For electric tramways in
Ehrenbreitstein, see p. 111.
English Churdh Service at 8 and 11 a.m. and 6 (in winter 6) p.m. in
the EngUsh Chapel, Gorgen-Str., N. end of Victoria-Str.
Principal Attractions (A hrs.). Walk along the Rhine to the Emperor
William Monument and then past the Church of St. Castor to the Ooeben-
Plais; thence by the electric tramway pa.st iht Royal Palace^ and along the
Mfdnzer-Str. to the Pappel-Rondell (p. 110); here turn to the left, proceed
to the Empress Augusta Monument, and return to the town by the Rhine
Promenade. Ascend the Ehrenbreitstein.
Coblenz(200 ft.), at the confluence of the Moselle and Rhine, is the
capital of the Rhenish Province of Prussia and the seat of the civil
and military authorities. Pop. 63,902; garrison 5000, Ehrenbreit-
stein not included (see p. 112). Coblenz carries on an important
wine -trade and manufactures large quantities of sparkling wine.
Few towns on the Rhine can vie with Coblenz in beauty of situation,
standing as it does at the junction of two of the most picturesque
rivers in Europe, and commanding charming views in every direc-
tion. Coblenz contains excellent schools, some of which are fre-
quented by English girls. There is also a Conservatorium. of Music.
As the pure Latin form of its name (Confluentes) indicates, the town
was founded by the Romans. The original castellum was situated on the
height now included in the old town, to the S.E. of the Moselle bridge, but
the passage over the Moselle, which it was built to protect, seems to have
been usually made in the neighbourhood of the Deutsche Eck (p. 108)
until the middle of the 3rd cent, of our era. The great miUtary road then
108 Route 16. COBLENZ. St. Castors,
reconstructed by Aurelian (270-276), which ran in the line now joining the Mo-
sel-Bahnhof and the Lohr-Str., intersected the town and crossed the Moselle
immediately below the present bridge, where numeroas remains of a Bo-
man bridge-of-piles were discovered in 1864. The numerons Roman tomb-
stones that have been found on the highroad indicate that the population
was more civil than military. Although a Frank ish palatium was erected
on the rains of the Roman town as early as the 6th cent., Coblenz remained
a place of little importance down to the establishment of the Rhenish
Towns' Confederation (p. 165). In the Thirty Years' War it was alternately
besieged and garrisoned by Swedish, French, and Imperial troops. In 1688,
although the town was nearly destroyed by the French cannonade, Mar-
shal Boufflers was compelled to retreat without effecting an entry. On
the completion of the palace in 1786 Coblenz became the residence of
the Elector of Treves, but a few years later (1794) it was taken by the
French, who in 1798 made it the capital of the Department of the Rhine
and Moselle. In 1815 it became Prussian and was converted into one ot
the strongest fortresses on the Rhine, but since the peace of Frankfort it
has occupied a secondary rank a<i a fortress, only the fortifications on the
surrounding heights remaining. Since 1890, when the demolition of the
town-walls was begun, a new town as large as the old has sprang up
outside the old gates.
A broad quay, affording a fine view of the busy stream, Ebren-
breitstein, and the Asterstein, runs along the side of the town next
the Rhine to the ^Deutsche Eck\ the point of land between the
Rhine and the Moselle, so called from a former Teutonic Lodge
(^Deutsch-Ordenshaus ; PI. 4), now occupied by the provincial archives.
Upon this point, which is now about 13 ft. above the normal water-
level, rises the imposing ^Monument of Emp. Williani I., erected
by the Province of the Rhine and designed by Bruno Schmiiz. The
copper equestrian figure of the emperor, 46 ft. In height, accom-
panied by a Genius (30 ft. high) bearing the laurel-wreathed im-
perial crown, is by Emit Hundrieser. The whole is supported by an
architectural basis of great merit. This is one of the most impressive
purely personal monuments in the world, and dominates the land-
scape In all directions. A specially fine view of it is obtained from
the steamers ascending the river.
The Chnreh of St. Castor, founded in 836, dates in its present
form chiefly from the end of the 12th cent., and was consecrated in
1208. It is a Romanesque basilica with four towers, terminating in
a semicircular apse adorned with a gallery of small columns, and
presents a picturesque appearance from the quay. It has recently
been well restored. The nave is roofed with rich Gothic groined
vaulting, which was substituted in 1498 for the originally flat ceil-
ing. To the right, in the choir, is the Gothic Monument of Arch-
bishop Kuno von Falkenstein (d. 1388; see p. 120).
To the W. of the church stands the Oastor-Brunnen (Br, on
Plan), erected in 1812 by the last French prefect in commemor-
ation of the French campaign against Russia. The Russian general
St. Priest with exquisite irony added the words : ^Vu et approuvS
par nous Commandant Russe de laville de Cohlence. Lel.jan, 181 4\
In the middle ages and until the 18th cent., the greater part of
the town lay on the Moselle with narrow, crooked streets. The
MoBtUe Bridge. COBLENZ. 16. Route. 109
Florins-Kirche (PI. 14), of the 12th cent, with Gothic choir, has
been used as a Protestant church since 1818. Adjacent are the so-
called Kaufhaus (PI. 12), built in 1479 as a town-hall and now a
Bchool, and the Schoffenhaus, built in 1530 and fitted up in 1891 as
a museum, containing prehistoric, Roman, and Frankish antiquities
(open free on Sun. 11.30-1 ; at other times for a gratuity). A flight
of steps leads to the Moselle Quay, affording a good -view of the
pretty oriel window of the Schoffenhaus. — The Church of Our
Lady, or Oberpfarr-KircheQ?!. 17), finished in 1431, with Roman-
esque nave and Gothic choir, marks the highest point of the Roman
castrum. In the Plan are some oriel windows of the end of the
17th cent. ; at the corner of the Lohr-Str. and the Alte Graben, a
street leading to the Moselle Bridge, are the so-called Four Towers^
corner-houses of 1689-91 adorned with oriel windows.
The old Moselle Bridge, which leads to LUtzel-Goblenz, was
erected by Elector Baldwin about 1344, restored in 1440, and
widened in 1884. It commands a fine view of Emp. William's
Monument and of Ehrenbreitstein. — The lofty turreted building
adjoining the bridge on the S.K is the ancient Burg (PL 1), or
Electoral Palace, built in 1276, now municipal property and fitted
up as administrative offices. The entrance is in the Burg-Strasse,
on the S. side.
A stone spiral staircase, dating from 1567, ascends to the first floor,
on which is the Municipal Picture Oallerp (chiefly Dotch masters of inferior
importance ; open flree on Sun. 11-1, at other times 25 pf.).
The busy Rhbin-Strassb leads from the river to the Gobben-
Platz, in which rises a Statue of General yon Ooeben (1816-80),
a distinguished commander in the wars of 1864, 1866, and 1871.
The sculptor was Fr. Schaper. — The W. continuation of the Rhein-
Str. leads to the small Jesuiten-Platz, with the Stadthaus, formerly
a Jesuit College, on the S. side. A bronze statue in this square, by
Uphnes, commemorates Johannes MuUer (1801-58), the physiologist.
The Post-Strasse leads from the Goebeu-Platz past the Post
Office (PI. 22) to the Clbmbns-Platz, which is embellished with
an Obelisk, commemorating the construction in 1791 (by the Elector
Clemens WencesUus) of the first aqueduct supplying the town with
water. — The road to the E. leads to the Rhine Promenade (p. 110).
Between the Clemens-Platz and the site of the former Mainzer
Tor, to the S., extends an open space, known as the *Parade-
Platz*, planted with trees and flanked on the E. side by the former
electoral stables (now artillery-barracks) and the palace.
The Falaoe , a large building with a lofty Ionic portico, was
erected in 1778-86, from the designs of the French architects
Ixnard and Peyre, for Clemens Wenceslaus (p. 182), last Elector
of Treves, and occupied by him till 1794.
After the French occupation it was devoted to military purposes. Fred-
crick William IV. of Prussia restored it in 1842-45. The groundfloor of
the 8. wing was assigned as the official residence of the civil governor of
110 Route 16. COBLENZ. Palace.
the Rhine province. In 1850-68 it was occupied by the Prince of Prussia
(afterwards Emp. William I.) when military governor of the Rhine province
and Westphalia. The Empress Augusta annually spent a part of spring and
autumn here until her death in 1890.
The RoTAL Apartments are on the first floor (visitors ring for the
castellan in the lower corridor of the N. wing) ^ open on weekdays 10-6 &
Sun. 11-6 (in winter till 4), adm. 26 pf., free on Sun. and Wed. 11-1 p.m.
The ceiling-painting (Night and Morning) in the Bec^Hon Room is one of the
chief works of Januarius Zick (1733-97) , court- painter to the Elector of
Treves. The Gc^eliru Room contains tapestry said to have been presented
by Louis XYl. to Frederick the Great; In the Electors^ Room are portraits
of Electors of Treves, from Richard von Qreiffenklau (1611-31) to Clemens
Wenceslaus (1763-1812); also memorials of various kinds from the period of
the electors and later.
Near the site of the old Mainzer Tor, on the left side of the
street, rises the Stddtische FcsthalU (1901; p. 107), with a caf^-
lestanrant on the groundfloor, a conceit-hall, and extensive wine-
cellars. To the right, on the site of the former town-walls (p. 108),
begins the new Kaiser- Wilhelm-Ring, with the Protestant Christus-
Kirche completed in 1904 ; in the background is the new Catholic
Herz'JesU'Kirche. — To the left is the approach to the Ffaffendorf
Bridge over the Rhine, built in 1862-64, an elegant structure of
three iron arches, each with a span of 106 yds., commanding a
beautiful view (toll 2pf.). Originally a railway-bridge, the structure
Is now used only for ordinary foot and carriage traffic and for the
tramways. An iron staircase descends to the Rhine Promenade
(see below).
The new quarters of the town begin beyond the Festhalle. The
Mainzbb-Strassb (electric tramway p. 107), the main artery of
traffic, is flanked with tasteful villas and other houses and passes
the Roman Catholic church of 8t. Joseph, built in 1896-98. The
side-streets on the left lead to the Rhine Promenade.
The beautiful *Bhine From.enade (Bhein-Anlagen)j extending
along the river, to the S. of the Rhine quay (p. 108), for about I72 M.,
and passing behind the palace, was tastefully laid out under the
auspices of the Empress Augusta (d. 1890). Immediately above the
passage under the Pfaffendorf Bridge (accessible hence by a lofty
iron staircase, see above) is a bust of the poet Max von Sehehkendorf
(b. 1783), who died at Coblenz in 1817. Farther to the S. is the
Trinkhalle (p. 107), which contains a few memorials of the Empress
Augusta. A route leads hence direct to the Central Railway Station.
An inscription records the enthusiastic reception which the King
and Queen of Prussia received here in July, 1870, after the events
at Ems which led to the outbreak of war with France. A little
farther on is the tasteful *Monument to the Empress Augusta, with
a statue by K. F. Moest. Behind is a station (Pappelrondell) of the
electric tramway (p. 107).
The grounds end opposite the island of Oberwerth (p. 113), at the
point where the Berlin and Metz railway crosses the arm of the river
between the island and the mainland by an embankment. The
Environs, , COBLENZ. 16, Route. Ill
Horchheim Bailway Bridge » whicli spans the ^ider ann of the
riyer, between Oberwerth and the E. bank, was constracted by
Altenloh in 1877-79 and is 1300 ft. long. It consists of three wide
brick arches and of two light and elegant iron arches, each with a
span of 350 ft. Except at night and in dense fog, it is open to
pedestrians, who enjoy from it an admirable •View in all directions.
The bridge reachea the £. bank IVs M. above tbe bridge-of-boats at
Coblenz. — The railway-station of Horchheim (p. 113) is situated at the
upper end of the village, Vs M. from the bridge.
Beyond the embankment, about 1^/4 M. from the former Mainzer
Tor (p. 110) by the Mainzer-Str., is the mouth of the small valley
of the Lauhhach (comp. the Maps, pp. 106, 112), in which is a health-
resort. A road, ascending to the left at the entrance to the valley by
the Geisenkopfchen, leads in 25 min. to the Rittersturz, which may
also be reached in Y4 hr. by a shorter footpath diverging to the left.
The •Bittersturz, a hill laid out with promenades (restaurant and
tower), commands a beautiful view of Coblenz and Ehrenbreitstein,
Lahneck, Marksburg, and Stolzenfels.
The walk may be prolonged to the 8., either to the right to the top
of the Efihkopf (see below), or to the left along the slope to the (20 min.)
♦Sommelberg, witii a platform commanding a finer view than that from
the Bittersturz. Three prehistoric stone circles on the slope of the Dommel-
berg point to the existence in this neighbourhood of a Celtic settlement.
Good views are also obtained from tbe WtidgenhOhe and the Augusta-
Hohe (p. 114).
The summit of the Eiihkopf (1280 ft.) is reached from the Rittersturz
in »/« hr. by following the above-mentioned path through wood, finally
crossing the Hunsriick road (I'/i hr. from Coblenz). it commands an
extensive view of the Rhine and the Moselle, with the volcanic summits
of the Eifel Qeft), and the mountains enclosing the valley of the Rhine. —
From the Kdhkopf we reach Capellen in 1 hr. by returning to the Huns-
riick road, following it to the right for a short distance, and then diverging
to the left by the road (guide-post) passing Schloss Stolzenfels (p. 114).
A surprising number of Celtic and Roman remains have been discovered
on the *Pastors-Pfad' (path from Capellen to Waldesch), which crosses the
last-mentioned road. Among these are the foundation-walls of a temple
of Mercury: the hand of the colossal statue, with tortoise and serpent,
is preserved in Schloss Stolzenfels. — Winningen (p. 191) is reached from
the Kuhkopf via the forester's house at Remttecken in IVz hr.
The Karthause (so named from an ancient Carthusian monastery),
a hill rising to the W. of the Central Station, is crowned by forti-
fications. On its N. slope is the picturesque Cemetery, where repose
the remains of Max von Schenkendorf (p. 110), Karl Baedeker (1801-
69; on the slope above the chapel), and Oen, von Qoeben (p. 109).
Ehrenbreitstein and Asterstein.
Visitors, foreign officers excepted, are admitted to the fortress of
EhrenbreiUtein between April Ist and Nov. 16th. The walk from Coblenz to
the summit and back takes 2 hrs.; carriages can ascend to tbe top (p. 107).
The excursion to the Jfellmkop/ (p, 112) requires about 2Vt-3 hrs. (there
and back), the visit to the AstersiHn (p. 112) IV4 br. Ko permission ne-
cessary for either.
Ehrenbreitstein is a statioL of the Railway of the Right Bank (p. 85).
— Electric Tramway$ (main station near the railway-station and the pier
112 Route 16. EHRENBREITSTEIN.
of the Gohlftnz steamboats , p. 107) nm to Yallendar (p. 85) , Kiederlahn*
stein (p. 113), Arenburg (p. 113), and also via the Pfaffendorf Bridge to
Cobleaz (p. 107).
A Bfidge-of-Boais (toll 2 pf., one-horse carr. 22, two -horse
29 pf.)) about 400 yds. In length, connects Coblenz with Thal-Ehren-
breitstein, on the right bank of the Rhine. As the bridge is often
opened to allow vessels to pass, passengers in a hnrry to reach the
station of the Right Rhenish Railway will generally do better to take
the steam-ferry (p. 107). The bridge affords a charming promenade
in the morning and evening.
ElirenbreitBtein(Hdt. zumKurfurstenj with restaurant, very fair,
R. 2-4 Jf, B. 50 pf.) is a small town with 5022 inhab., prettily
situated in a valley between the Ehrenbreitstein and Asterstein.
The Kirch- Strasscy beginning at the bridge, ascends to the Schutzen-'
burg, a castellated modem villa. — In the HofStrasae, to the left,
is the Kurfursten Hotel, once occupied by M. de La Roche, chancellor
of the electorate of Treves, to whom Goethe paid a visit in 1774
(memorial tablet). The tramway-station is close by. Farther on are
X\x.Q Railway Station (left) and the large court of jnstice and residence
(right), erected by the Electors in 1747, now in part a Provisiorh
Magazine (PI. 27).
About 200 yds. beyond the railway-station we diverge to the
right from the road descending the Rhine and ascend the hill (V4 hr.),
where, at the last gateway, the cards of admission are issued (50pf.J.
Yisitors are conducted to the point of yiew by a sergeant.
The *Fortress of Ehrenbreitstein rises opposite the influx of the
Moselle, 385 ft. above the Rhine, on a precipitous rock, which is
connected with the neighbouring heights on the N. side only. The
view embraces the fertile valley of the Rhine from Stolzenfels to
Andemach, and the volcanic peaks of the Maifeld and the Eifel
(p. 103). Far below are the Rhine and Moselle, and between them
the Emp. William Monument and the triangular town of Coblenz. —
The present fortress, built in 1816-26 by General von Aster, succeeds
a very ancient stronghold of the Electors of Treves, which was fre-
quently enlarged in the course of centuries. It played an important
part in the Thirty Years' War, and in 1799 it was taken by the
French after a gallant resistance.
A more imposing (though not so easily accessible) view is com-
manded by the Nellenkopf , the IT. spar of the Ehrenbreitstein plateau,
which may be reached by following the Gharlotten-Strasse and ascending
the valley to the back of Ehrenbreitstein , farther on (at the kilometre-
stone No. 1) to the left, jt^i Neudorft a* the top, we cross the drill-
ground to the open space in front of the furt (about */« hr. from the
bridge-of-boats). — For the return, we may choose the pleasant walk via
(20 min.) Urhar (Moskopp's Inn, with view of the Bhine valley and the
Eifel hills), whence we descend to the road skirting the Bhine (to Ehren-
breitstein, 1/2 hr.).
Fort Asterstein, situated on the hill to the S. of Ehrenbreitstein,
also commands a fine view. A projecting terrace towards the Rhine
NIEDERLAHNSTEIN. 17. Route. 113
bears an 06e^jle in memory of the soldiers of the 8th army-corps
who fell In the campaign of 1866.
The hill on which the obelisk stands may be reached in 20 min. from the
bridge-pf-boats. After crossing the latter we proceed in a straight direction
to the end of the Kireh-Strasse (p. 112) and follow the road to the right
below the Sohiltxenburg <p. 112). Where the road tnms to the left, a
shorter ronte ascends by the steps to the right, crosses the road which
leads np from the ^Promenade\ and again ascends by steps. Halfway up,
the Cafi Bheinlusty and beyond it the LuUmturm are passed. We then
follow the road to the sununit. — A road descends to Uxe left to Pfaffen-
dor^ intersecting the foitification on the Qlockenberg, We may follow the
footpath diverging from it on the right, beyond the Victoria' OarUn (garden-
restaurant), and then descend the steps.
The road which ascends the valley at the back of the fortress of
Ehrenbreitsteln leads by Niederberg to (2V2 M.) Arenberg (Roter Sahn,
with belvedere; Schdne Auttichi), a village with a large new pilgrimage-
chnrch, a 'Hera-Jesu' chapel, a *Honnt of Olives', etc., reached by electric
tramway (p. Ill) in 20 minutes. — At JfeuMusel, 3 M. farther on, by the
Montabaur road, a prehistoric settlement was unearthed in 1899-1901. —
The road diverging to the right beyond Arenberg passes a forester'^s honse
(rfmts.) and leads to (4i/s H.) Ems (p. 213).
17. The Khine from Coblenz to Mayence.
Stkamboat in TVs (down in 4>/4) hrs. ; piers at Oberlahnstein, Boppard,
St. Ooar, Bingen, Budesheim, Eltville, and Biebrich; small-boat stations
Capellen, Branbach, Camp, Hiraenach^Oberwesel, Gaub, Bacharach, Lorch,
Oeisenheim, Oeatrich, and Wallnf. — From Coblenz to Bingen both banks
are Prussian.
DiSTANOBb: Coblenz to Capellen 4, Bhens 2, Niederspai (opposite
Bmubach) H/s, Boppard 4>/», Salzig 3, Hirzenach 2V4, St. Goar 3«/4, Ober-
wesel 51/t, Caub'3, Bacharach iVs, Bheindiebach iVs^ Lorch (Niederheim-
bach) •/42 Bheinstein 8^/4, Bingen 3, Oeisenheim 3, Oestrich 3, Eltville 4,
Wallnf 3, Biebrich 2, Mayence 4, total distance 59 M. — Railway on
the Ltffl Bank^ see B. 10 \ on the Bigbt Bank by Oberlahnstein and Biidesheim
to Wiesbaden in 2'/4-dVs hrs., see B. 20. — Comp. p. 69.
Beyond the brldge-of-boaits liie steamer passes the palaoe on the
right, and then steers nUder the Pfaffmdorf Bridge (p. 110). On
the right extend the beautlfal promenades of the W. bank, opposite
which it the picturesque village of Ffaffendorf (Bheinhofy with
garden, R« 2-3, pens. 41/2-6 JQ, ^U ^- ^^^^ ^^^ station of Ehren-
breltstein. AboYe appears the ABterstein (p. 112).
On the right, a little farther on, lies the Island of Oherwerth,
which is connected with the W. bank by an embankment and with
the £. by the HorchhHm Railviay Bridge (p. Ill), below which the
steamer passed. Beantlfttl retrospect as the vessel passes the upper
end of the Island. To the right are the tower on the Bittersturz
(p. Ill) and the view-j^tform on the Dommelberff^ behind which
rises the wooded KiihkGpf(j^, 111).
The vineyards of (1.) Horohheim (Hollers Garden Restaurant)
produce good red wine ; the plain between this village and the mouth
of the Lahn is remarkably fertile. — (1.) Hiederlahnstein {Douqui^
on the Lahn, witii garden, B. & B. 21/2, pens. 4-4^2 U^, good caisine;
SafiOfiy also on th6 Lahn; Wothntr^ at the station, very fair),
Baedbkeb^s Bhine. 16th Edit. 8
114 RoxUeir.—Map^p,!!^. STOLZENPELS. FromCohlenx
on the right bank of the Lahn (4350 inhah.), is the Junction of the
Railway of the Right Bank, the line to Cohlenz, and the Lahn railway
(RR. 20, 27), hut is not touched at by the steamer. From the road
ascending the Lahntal a path diverges to the left) passing several
shrines, to (1/2 ^'0 ^^^ memorial church om the top of the AUev'
heiligen-Bergj which commands fine views of the valleys of the Lahn
and the Rhine. Below Niederlahnstein, at the mouth of the Lahn,
stands the solitary late -Romanesque Church of St John, partly
destroyed during the Thirty Years' War. The Lahn is crossed near'
its mouth by an unsightly railway-bridge, and by another for the
traffic of the road (toll 2 pf.).
r. Cl^ellen. — HoteU. *BELUtvnE, with garden, B. 3-8Vs> B. 1, D. 3,
pens. 571/1 jf; oStolzknfkls, similar chafes ^ Launeok, B. from lVs« pens,
from 41/3 UV, well spoken of.
Donkey to the CasUe of StoUenfels 80pf.; there and back 1 UV 20 of.
Local Steamboat to Oberlahnstein (20, 10 pf.), starting above the
station.
Eleotrie Tramway to Coblens, see p. 107.
Capellen, a village consisting of a single row of houses facing
the railway-embankment and the river^ lies at the foot of tlie wood-
ed hill which bears the royal chateau of Stolzenfels. The chateau
is approached by a winding road of easy ascent (1/4 hi.), crossing a
viaduct. Beyond the Klause (stables), a drawbridge is crossed.
The *Caitle of StolienfelB (310 ft. above the Rhine), with a
pentagonal tower 110 ft. high, was built on the site of an older for-
tress by Arnold von Isenburg, Archbishop of Trdves^ in 1242-59,
and was frequently a residence of the archbishops. In 1689 it was
destroyed by the French. Frederick William IT. , when crown-prince,
caused it to be rebuilt In 1836-42 from the designs of Schinkel,
Stiller, and Persius, and embellished in the romantic taste of the
period. It now belongs to £mp. William n., and Is open to visitors
from 10 to 12 and from 2 to 7 (adm. 25 pi).
On entering the court, we turn to the right to tli« tower at the S. angle.
While waiting for a party to assemble we eivjoy a magnifloent *'View,
extending from the narksbnrg to beyond Coblens ; in front are the two
Lahnsteins and the Castle of Labneck. — Among the frescoes in the Interior
may be mentioned tho4e in the Obapkl (Biblieal scenes) by £. Dwer
(1863 57; p. 78), and those in the Klkikk Rittebsaal, by Stilkt (1843-46),
illustrative of the principal attributes of chivalry. There are also numerous
other ancient and modem works of art.
About 2 M. above Stolzenfels a path diverges to the right from the
Schlos8weg,> leading to the Augwta-Hshe and (Vb If. farther) the top of the
Hasenberg. two points (refuge-huts) commanding a fine view of Stolsen-
fels and the valley of the Rhine (there and baek I'/j-t hrs.). From the
Hasenberg we may proceed through the Siedienhaua-Tal to the hiighroad
on the Rhine or go on to the Dommelberg nnd Hittersturz (p. 111).
1. Obedalmttoill. — Hotels. ^UdT.-Pxae. WSLtsB, on the river, with
garden and Tiew, R. 3.2Vt, B. 1, D. 2, pens. 4-6 Jt; Hdx. Bbbit£Mbaoh,
R. lV«-2» B. 1/2, pens. 4-4Vs -if, well spoken oft Wbiland,' opposite the
station, R. IVa-l'A, B. »/4 P^ns. 4-4«/t Jf.
Loeal Bteambeat to Capellen, 14-20 times daily, starting near the H6t.
Weller. ~ A Motor-Launch service to CoMenz is projected. -^ LiifM ANfcpoy
to Braubach and Kast&tten, see p. 116.
iioMaytnce, OBERLAHNSTEIN Map.p, 112.— 17. Route. 115
Oberlahnstein (205 ft.), a thriving town with 8472 inhab.,
f<wmerly belonging to the Electors of Mayence, is mentioned in a
chatter as early as 890. Several towers recall the fonner fortifica-
tions. 8chlo88 Martinaburg at the upper end of the town, contain-
ing an Interesting court, onoe a residence of the Electors of Mayence,
dates from 1394; the new part was built in 1712. The old Rat-
hau8 (restored in 1901) is a noteworthy late-Gothic half-timbered
edifice. The Protestant Church, at the lower end of the town, was
built in 1872-75. Oberiahnstein is a busy dep6t of the iron-ores
yielded by the mines on the Lahn (comp. p. 213), and possesses
large harbour. It is the steamboat-station for Ems (p. 213), which
may be reached hence either by the main line vi^ Niederlahnstein
(p. 113), or by the older line (slow trains only) on the left bank of
the Lahn. The station is close to the quay.
On a rooky eminence behind Oberiahnstein rises the picturesque
castle of Lahneok, mentioned for the first time in 1224, destroyed
by the French in 1689, and restored since 1860 (visitors admitted
in the owner's absence). The pentagonal pinnacled tower commands
a charming view, for which the morning light is most favourable.
On seeing tiie ruin in 1774 Goethe composed his exquisite ^Geistes-
Gruss'. A road and two footpaths ascend to the castle ; one of the
paths, destitute of shade, mounts direct from Oberiahnstein, the
other from the side next the Lahn, beginning opposite the upper,
end of Niederlahnstein (p. 113).
About 1^4 M. above Capellen, among tall trees near the high-
road, is the KonigBstulil (* king's seat'), erected in 1376 by the
Emp. Charles IV. on the site of an ancient meeting-place of the
Electors. At the end of the 18th cent, it had fallen to decay, but in
1843 it was rebuilt, partly out of the old materials. The structure
is octagonal in shape, somewhat resembling a pulpit, 22 ft. in
diameter, and 18 ft. in height.
The eitaation was chosen from its proximity to the dominions of the
three ecclesiastical Bhenish Electors, Bhens belonging to Cologne, Capellen
to Treves, and Lahnstein to Mayence, while the territories of the Electors
Palatine began at Canb (p. 124). Here many emperors were elected,
decrees issued, and treaties concluded. The first historical meiition of
the Kdnigsstuhl ocenrs in 1306 when Henry of Liitzelburg was elected
empeltir. In 1400 the four Rhenish electors here elected Count Palatine
Rupert III. as emperor in the stead of the Bohemian King Wenzel, whom
they had deprived of the imperial crown at a meeting held the previous
day on the opposite bank of the Rhine.
Near the Konigsstuhl is the Bhenser Mintralqutllty a mineral
spring rising in the bed of the Rhine, which was known in the
17th cent, and re-discovered in 1857. A new shaft was sunk to a
depth of over 1100 ft. in 1892-94, and connected with the river-
bank by a quay in 1895. About 6,000,000 bottles of the water
(which resembles that pf Selters) are annually exported. On the
opposite bank are two other mineral springs, the Minerva Brunnen
and the Viktoria Brunnen.
8*
116 Route 17.- Map, p. 112. BRAUBAOH. From CahUm
Above the Konigsstuhl (3/4 M.) lies the small town of (r.)Sh6nB
(^Konigaatuhly with garden, on the riyei), still sunouaded by the walls
and fosses constructed in 1370 by Archbishop Frederick III. ef Co-
logne. On the highroad, near the S. gate, are several old half-
timbered houses, almost in their original condition. Outside this
gate lies the prettily situated church. A footpath to(lY4hr.) Bop-
pard ascends hence to the right at the way-post, outside the S. gate
(comp. p. 118). — Beyond a cotton- factory with a tall chimney, we
next pass the small village of (r.) Breyj surrounded by fruit-trees.
1. Braubach (Kaiserhof, B. 2-4, pens. 4*5 J(^ very fair ; Deutadies
Haus^ near the station, R. 1V2«^» B. 60 pf. ; Bheinisclter Ho ft with
garden, pens, from 4 J^, very fair; Nassauer Uof^ R. & B. 2-2 7t J(;
motor-boats, see p. 114), an ancient town with 2800 inhab., oom-
manded by the imposing castle of *MarkBbnrg| 485 ft. above the river,
the only old fortress on the Rhine which has escaped destruction.
In 1437 OouQt Philip of Eatzenelnbogen founded a chapel in the castle
and dedicated it to St. Mark, after whom the castle has since been named.
It belonged to Hesse-Barmstadt from 1661 to 1803, and was then used
by the government of Nassau as a state-prison down to 1866. Since 1900
it has been the property of the Society for the Preservation of German
Castles, by whom it has been restored (tickets of admission, 25 pf., at the
restaurant at the entrance). The castlo contains a good collection of armour,
weapons, and warlike costumes- Ihe tower afiords a pleasing survey of
the grassy dales at the back, and of a portion of the Rhine.
Two routes ascend to the fortress from Braubach: the road and
a footpath (Y2 ^r. ; guide-posts). — On the saddle to the S. is the
ancient Chapel of St. AfarWn (mentioned in 1242), recently decorated
in the 15th cent, style. — The conspicuous chimneys belong to
the silver-foundries (see below). Mining was carried on here even
in Roman times.
FsoM Obbrlaunstein vii Braubach to Nastattsr, 20^^ H., narrow-
gauge railway in 2 hrs. The line follows the Railway of the Bight Pank
to Braubach (c^mp. p. Ul), and thence, diverging at the silver foundries,
ascends the right bank of the ZoUhach to Hof-Zollgrund (p. 217). Beyond
a bold viaduct it mounts in curves (views to the right) vii Becheln and
Hintei'veUd t«> Sachsenliauflen (1250 ft), picturesquely situated near the
DctcJukopf (1600 ft.). Fine survey from the latter and also from the ffeisa-
baumehm (1345 ft), 1/2 ^- ^0 the S. of the station. — Thence the railway
descends through the Bachheimer Orund^ vi& Winterwerb^ 0emm9rie\ and
Bhr^ to Marienjelt c7()6 ft. ; with a mineral spring), in the fertile Mdhlbaeh-
Tal (p. 122). We then ascend the last-named valley to the S.W.. via
Miehlen (725 ft.). — Nastdtten^ and thence to St. Goarshausen or Zollbaus,
see p. 122. •
Above Braubach are the (r.) villages of Niederspay and Oherspay
(Rindsfiisser), connected by an avenue of walnut-trees. On the
promontory to the right stands a half-ruined chapel, the only relic
of the village of Peterspay. — On the left, V2 ^' above Braubach,
opens the Dinkholder - I'al , with several mills and a chalybeate
spring (Dinkholder Brunnen) resembling those of Schwalbach.
On the wooded height above (1.) Osterspay (Mullerj Anker) stands
the chateau of Liebeneck, belonging to the Baroness von Preuschen,
one of the prettiest spots on the Rhine. — On the hill to the right,
ft ^U H
toMayence, BOPPARD. Map^p. 112, — 17. Route, 117
a liHle abd-ve Osterspay, stands tlie Jaeohahcrger Hof, a farmhouse
520 ft. above the Rhine, whence a cart-road leads to Rhena (p. 116)^
3 M. distant, cutting off the circuit of 6 M. formed by the river. The
vineyards on the slopes of the left bank, known as the Bopparder
Hammy produce excellent wine. Then, on the left, the Filser Ley^
with a view-temple, and the village of Filnn,
r. Boppard. — Hoteli. On the Rhine: "'Spiboel, R. 2-4, B, 1, D.
2^lf8y pens. 6^ Jf^ an old-established house; ^Bellbvux & RHSiN-HdrsL,
with i;arden, R. 2-), B. 1, D. 2V8, pens. 5-7 UV; "Hiosgh, R. 2-31^, B. 1,
D, 2V2, pens. 5-7 UV; Ackbsmann, plain but good; Salm, at the lower end
of the town, pens. 4-5 UV, plain. — In the town : Closbcann, with garden,
plain bat good*, Lanok, opposite the post-office. — MChlbad, at the lower
end of the town, a fomily hotel, pens. 4V3-8 Jf (closed in winter). —
PENSIONS. VUla Loi$i»e, Mainzer-Str. 15*, Hemlei\ in the Hiihlta], 28 Jl
per week. — Marienberg Hydropathic Bstablishmmt (p. 118), pens. GVs-lS jM
per day. — Witte at the Winser-Verein, Ohristgasse.
Local Steamer to Camp (p. 119), in connection with all traioB on the
railway of the right bank. — Floating Bi'idge across the Rhine.
Snglxth Ohuroh Service in summer at the Rhein-Hdtel.
Boppard (210 ft.), the ancient BodoftnVa, founded by the Celts,
was afterwards fortified by the Romans and used as a dep6t for their
*8lingers' (*Balistarii Bodobricae'). In the 12th cent. Boppard was
a free imperial town, but in 1312 Emp. Henry YII. ceded it, along
with Oberwesel, to his brother Elector Baldwin of Treves. The
latter, who could not make himself master of the town till 1318,
built the castle, which is still preserved (see below). All efforts of
the inhabitants to regain their independence proved henceforth
unavailing. Numerous villas have sprung up in the environs, and
the town is much frequented by summer- visitors. The old town is
still partly surrounded by the medi»val fortifications. Pop. 6583.
The handsome Pariah Church, in the late - Romanesque style,
founded early in the 12th cent., and rebuilt about 1200, with its
two square towers adjaeent to the choir, is remarkable for the peculiar
* Norman' vaulting of the nave. The contemporary painted decora-
tion of the interior (on the N. side, the legend of St. Severus) was
carefully restored in 18^4-95 ; the decoration of the choir is modern.
— The Carmelite Church (1318), in the pointed style, contains the
marble monument of a Countess von Eltz (d. 1509), carved stalls of
the 16th cent., and old mural paintings ; beside the 3rd pillar is a
Christian tombstone of the 7th century.
In BXi open space on the Rhine, to the E. of the parish church and
neat the ferry, rises the old Caatle of the Archbishops of Treves, with
a tower, now occupied by law-courts. Beside the moat, behind the
castle, are considerable remains of a Wall constructed of Roman
concrete ('opus splcatum'), and probably dating from the reign of
Valentinlan I. (A.D, 364-76). When complete it was 10 ft. thick
and 26 ft. high, and was strengthened with towers at the angles
and 24 semicircular towers along its sides, and enclosed the interior
. of the town, in the form of a rectangle 1000 ft. long by 500 ft. wide.
118 Bouten,— Map8jpp,117yll2, BOPPAM). From (hblent
The original positions of the four gates, each exactly in the centre
of one of the sides, are indicated hy tablets on the houses No. 78
Ober-Strasse (W.), 47 Ober-Str. (E.), 12 Kronengasse (W.), and 7
Kirchgasse (S.).
The suppressed Francidcan Monaatery with its church, at the up-
per end of the town, has been converted Into a seminary for Roman
Catholic teachers. — Knights Templar of Boppard are mentioned
among the crusaders at the siege of Ptolemais(1191), and fragments
of their Lodge^ with round-arched windows, lie in a neighbouring
side-street. — The old monastery of 8t, Martin^ a little farther up
the river, is now a reformatory for Protestant children.
The Hunsriick Road, which crosses the railway near the Prot-
estant Churchy built in 1851, leads to the S. to the conspicuous
buildings (1783) of the Marienberg, 100 ft. above the Rhine,
formerly a Benedictine nunnery, and now a hydropathic establish-
ment (p. 117). The water Is supplied by the Orgelborn, a spring
renowned for centuries for its purity and unvarying temperature.
The fine old park is open to the public.
The numerous attractive walks in the Envisons of Poppakd are in-
dicated by guide-posts and coloured marks — The Kreutherg (765 ft.; re-
staurant) may be ascended in »/* l»r. by footpaths through the Josejhlnen-
Tal or the Fraubach-Tal, or by the more picturesque route through the
Michels-Tal and Josephinen-Tal.
Below Boppard, near the Miihlhad (p. 117), opens the JiUhltal^ a
valley enclosed by wooded hills and affording a number of picturesque
walks {Pention Henzler^ see p. 117). One of the finest points is the iJte
Burg (i>16 ft.), a hill at the mouth of the valley (reached by ascending to
the right), which commands a beautiful view. Other points of view are the
Oedeonseck and the Vierteen Platx^ or 'place of the four lakes* (996 ft. ; re-
staurant), whence four apparently unconnected parts of the Rhine are vis-
ible. From the Vierseen-Platz a path descends past til^e Jacobsberger So/
(p. 117) to (l»/4 hr.) Rhens (p. 116). — On the other side of the valley the
Eronprinzen Weg leads from the Pens. Henzler to Boppard vift the Elfenlei,
— From the pension we may ascend the valley, passing a FUh Breeding
EstablUhment and traversing fine woods of oaks and beeches, to (2V2 hrs.)
Wiwningen (p. 191).
The Fleckert8h5he (1740 ft.) is ascended in 2 hrs. from Boppard, either
by following the road to the Hunarucken as far as the kilometre-stone
marked '7.4' and then diverging to the left by a path (blue marks) leading
through pine-woods; or by crossing the park of Maiienberg to the church-
yard and then taking the path to the right through the wood (indicated by
blue arrows). On the top is the Rttamrant tur SchCnen Auuicht (also pension).
The very extensive view comprises the Seven Mts., Eifel, Hochwald, Idar,
and Taunus. The path descending to (1 hr.) Salzig (p. 119) through meadows
and woods cannot be missed.
Fbou Boppaeo to thb Moselle, two routes, (a). By road up the
Miihltal to (IV4 hr.) Ffafftnheck (Loefs Inn) and thence by a footpath
dercendiog to (IV4 hr.) Alktn (p. 192). A preferable route to Pfaff'enheck
is by the foutpath vi& the Fish Breeding Establishment and then through
the woods (yellow marks). — (b). A road ascends the FrwJbach- Tal (short-
cut for walkers), crosses the SabeUberg^ and asc^ads the Burden- Tal to the
(41/2 M.) Hunsrfick road, which we follow to the right. 1 M. Buehholt
(Welter Inn); IV4 M. Windhautm (to the left of the road); ^s M. Berteh-
tifiisen; IV4 M. Path ascending to the left to the Ehrtnburg. Fine views.
!»/« M. Brodenbach (p. 192).
A diligence runs twice daily from Boppard to (17^2 M.) CasMlaun
in 4 hrs.
toMayenet. BORNHOFEN. Maps.pp.l 17,112,^ 17. B. 119
Above Boppaidy on the left, lies Camp (^Kauthj above tbe village,
pens. 4 Jf; Anher, on the Rhine), a village with 1800 inhab., fre-
quented afr a gninmexHresidence. The name is derived from an
earthen mound on the hill, which has been assumed to mark the
site of a Roman camp (campus), though it probably dates only from
the Thirty Years* War. — A road shaded with walnut-trees leads
along the bank from Camp to the (3/4 M.) convent of —
' 1. B^mhofen (Hdtel MarUnberg, R. 1V2-^) V^^^- ^'om 474 Jf,
very fair; Morhachy R. 1-21/2 t^ i Zum Liebensteiny R. from 1,
pens. 31/2'^ •^)y ^i^h a Gothic church erected in 1435, a great
resort of pilgrims. On a bold rocky eminence above the convent
stand the twin castles of —
Sierrentherg and Liehensiein^ better known as The Brothers, con-
nected by a sharp chine of rock. The legend of these castles may
thus be briefly told : —
Conrad and Heinrich, sona of the knight Bayer von Boppard, the lord
of liiebenstein, were enamoured of their foster-sister, the beautiful Hilde-
garde. Heinrich with rare generosity tore himself away and joined the
crusades, leaving his brother Conrad to win the prise. That his son and
the fair bride might still be near him, the old knight built the castle of
Sterrenberg for their reception, but, his death occurring before its com-
pletion, the nuptials were postponed. Meanwhile Conrad's heart grew cold
towards Hildegarde, Hearing of the valiant deeds of his absent brother,
his soul burned to share his honours, and, wearied of an inactive life, he
joined the crusades. Hildegarde now passed her days in the lonely castle
of Liebenstein, brooding over her sad lot. not doubting the affection of
Conrad, but weeping over the uncertainty or his return. Suddenly Conrad
returned to Sterrenberg with a lovely Grecian bride, and the outraged Hilde-
garde , gunned by the blow , shut herself up in the loneliest chamber of
her dreary abode, and refused to see any one but her attendant. Late
one evening a stranger knight demanded the hospitality of the castle. He
S roved to be the chivalrous Heinrich. who , hearing of his brother's per-
dy, resolved to avenge his fo8ter-si8ter''s wrongs. He accordingly chal-
lenged Conrad to single combat, but before the brothers' swords had cross-
ed, Hildegarde interposed between them and insisted on a reconciliation,
to which they reluctantly consented. Hildegarde then retired to the con-
vent of Bornhofeyi, at the base of the rock on which the castles stand. Con-
rad's Grecian bride soon proved faithless, and he, overcome with shame
and remorse, threw himself on his generous brother's breast, exclaiming that
no consolation was now left him but his friendship. Thus their estrange-
ment ended, and the brothers thenceforth lived together iji harmony and
retirement at Liebenstein, while Sterrenberg was for ever deserted.
These castles were held as early as the i2th cent, as a flef of the
em^re by the knights of Boland, and in 1317 came into the pos-
session of the Electors of Treves. Sterrenberg, the higher ruin, is
separated Irom Liebenstein by a moat and a massive wall, known
as the *Strielt-Mauer* (wall of combat) in referenoe to the hostile
meeting of the brothers. The ruins (restaurants) are interesting and
command a fine view of the rocky ravines beneath,
r. Salzig (Stnmm, well spoken of), so called from its weak saline
spring (bafh-honse), lies in the midst of a vast orchard, whence ship-
loads of cherries are annually exported to the Lower Rhine, Holland,
and England. Farther up (I.) lies the village of Nieder-Kestert (Stern).
120 RouUn.'-Map^p.ll^. ST. GOAR. Frdm Cohlent
r. Hirsenach. A handsome building, once a deanery, and the
church, built about 1170, belonged to the Abbey of Sfegburg.
To the light are the extensiye buildings of the Werlau Mines.
1. Ekrenthal is a small village inhabited by miners who work
the lead-mines in the vicinity.
1- Wellmich (Adler), a picturesquely situated village , with a
small Gothic church, is commanded by the ruins (now being restored)
of the Thumberg, or Deurenburg , This stronghold, began by Arch^
bishop Boemund II. of Treves, and completed in 1363 by his suc-
cessor Kuno vonFalkenstein, was derisively called the Mouse fAfau^j
by the Counts of Katzenelnbogen, in contradistinction to their *Cat'
(p. 121). Ascent fatiguing, but there is a fine view from the summit.
r. St. Goar. — Hotels. *Lilib, B. lVs-4, B. 1, D. 3, pena. 51/2 8 Jf,
closed in winter; *Schneides, at the lower end of the town, D. SVs-S Jl.
— At the steamboat-pier: Rhbinfbls, B. 2-5, B. 1, D. 2V2) pens. 0-8 J(:
Hotel Juno, R. from IV2, B. 8/4, pens, from 41/2 Jff Traobb, B. 17«-2,
B. >/«> ^' i^V2i pens. 4 UK, anpretonding; HdTBL- Rbbtaubakt Fibobbb, with
view, B. IV2-2 Jf, B. 60 pf., well spoken of; Lobblbt, these two on the
road to Oberwesel. — Rheinlutt^ a garden-restaurant on the hillside above
the town; Voli^ on the Rhine, beer.
Steam-ferry to St. Goarshausen, 10 pf.
English Ohurcfa Service in July and Augnst.
8t. Ooar, a town with 1475 inhab., the handsomest of all the
smaller Rhenish towns, and deriving a look of additional importance
from the extensive ruins of liheinfels, owes its name and origin
to a chapel founded in the time of Siegbert, King of Austrasia (570),
by St. Goar, who preached the gospel here. Down to 1794 it was the
capital of the lower county of Eatzenelnbogen (comp. p. 121), and
since 1815 it has been Prussian. — Below the town is a large harbour.
The Protestant Churchj built about 1469, with Romanesque choir
and crypt, contains an excellent late- Gothic pulpit in stone and
the Renaissance monuments of the Landgrave Philip (d. 1583) and
his countess (in a private chapel). -^ The Roman Catholic Chwrchy
at the lower end of the town, is adorned with an old stone effigy of
the saint with an inscription.
A curious old custom, the *H&nseln\ or Initiation which prevailed
here till the beginning of the steamboat-traffic in 1827, is said to have
dated from thd time of Charlemagne. Every traveller who visited the
town for the first time was attached to a ring in the wall of the Custom-
house, and obliged to submit to the water or the wine ordeal. If the
former was selected, a good ducking was the result; the pleasanter a^er*
native consisted in drinking a goblet of wine to the memory of Charle-
magne, the Queen of England, the reigning prince, and the members of
the society which enforced obedience to the eustom. The traveller was
then invested with the rights of a member of the society* and finally had
to present a donation to the poor and enter his name in the *Hanselbuch\
The castle of Bheinfels, rising at the back of the town, 375 ft.
above the Rhine (^4 hr. from the pier), is the most imposing ruin
on the river. It was founded by Count Piether III. of Katzenebi-
bogen (d. 1276), a friend of the Emp. Frederick II., and a new
Rhine-toll was established here. In 1692 it was bravely and success-
fully defended by the Hessian General von Gorz against the French
toMayenee. Sf . GOARSHAUSEK. Map8,ppj20,U2,-17'R. 121
General Count Tallard with an army of 24,000 men. In 1768 the
castle was surprised and taken by the French, who kept a garrison
in it till 1763 Thirty years later it was basely deserted by the Hes-
sian commandant, and fell, with its valuable stores, into the hands
of the French revolutionary army (2nd Nov., 1794). Three years
afterwards it was blown up. The interior contains little worthy of
note ; view limited. The custodian is generally at or near the castle
(fee 25-50 pf. , more for a party). Refreshments may also be
obtained. — The path to theoastle passes the churchyard-wall, on
which is the ^ Flammen8dule\ a rough sandstone obelisk, supposed
to be of pre~Roman origin.
The 8pitseBst«in (1316 ft.), reached from Rheinfels via BUbemJieint
in 11/4 hr., commands a splendid view, extending from Canb to Oberwesel Ire-
f age-hut by the rocks on the summit). Descent via Niederburg to (1 hr.)
Oberwesel (p. 123), or vilL Jlrbar to the Rhine opposite the Lurlei and so
back to St. Goar.
1. St. Gtoarshausen. — HoteU. Adlbr, on the Rhine, R. 11/2-21/2,
B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 6-8 UT, very fair. — NassaderHof, R. lV2-2ur, B. 70 pf.,
D. li/zj pens. i-bJi; Krone ; Hohbnzollbr, well spoken of; Rheiniscubk
Hop, good wine.
Steam-ferry to St. Ooar, 10 pf.
Sngliah Ohureh Service in July and August.
8U Qoarshausen (715 ft.) is a small town with 1660 inhab., the
up^er part of which is so confined between the river and the hill
that a bulwark of masonry, on which two watch-towers are situated,
had to be built at an early period to protect the town against
Inundations. The Protestant church was finished in 1863.
Above St. Goarshausen, about halfway up the hill, on the road to
the Hiihnerberg (see below), rises the castle of Neu^Katzenelnhogen,
commonly called the Cat (Katz)^ erected in 1393 by Count Johann
of Katzenelnbogen, whose family became extinct in 1479. It then
belonged to the Hessian prince», and was destroyed by the French
iA 1806. The present owner has huil^ himself a house in a har-
monious style on the old foundations (1^0 admission).
The LuBXtBi (see p. 122) is most conveniently visited from the upper
end of St. Goarshausen visl the Schweixer-Tal^ or Suoiti Valley^ a pretty
rocky gorge about 2 M. lo«g. Passing under the railway, we follow the
cari^road in the valley for about 1 M. to the ZSUner^MWiU^ beyond which
we continue to follow the main track, until, at the top of the hill, we turn
to^the right by a field-path (guide-post). The summit of the Lurlei (rfmts.
in Summer) commands an admiralne view of the deep Rhine valley. For
the descent we may choose either the 4teep path with steps reaehing the
fOftd at thd<V4 br.) tunnel, or the easier path (1/2 hr.J through the vineyards,
wb!^ reaches the St. Goarshausen road about 1300 yds. farther down. The
lattelr path, however, is closed in autumn. The whole excursion occupies
abonA 2 hrs.
A footpath leads from the Lurlei to the (1/4 hr.) pavilion on the
HiUmerberg, commanding a view of the basin of St. Goar (another path
also from the guide-post above the Zdllners-Mahle).
^CDBSION TO Rbighbubbro, 3Vt M. We eitfaer take the narrow-gauge
line ip^entioned below, or follow the path leading through the Hatenbach-
Taf^ a valley which opens a little below St. Goarshausen. The footpath
diverges to the right from the road through the valley, and rejoins it
near Eeichenberg. A pleasant way back is via the village of FaUnb^rg
122 BoHt€l7,^Map8^pp,120,ll^, LURLEI. FromCoblent
(1125 ft.), on the brink of tke vine-clad slopes above the Swiss Valley,
or past the O^enthaler ffof, to the S., and then through the upper part
of the Swiss Valley to the Lurlei.
The castle of BeichenbMrg, erected in 1284 by Ck>unt Wilhelm I. of
Eatsenelnbogen, rebuilt in 1319, and during the Hessian supremacy the
residence of the governor of the lower county, was at length sold in 1818
for the sake of the building materials. Fortunately, however, it escaped
demolition, and ia still a grand and picturesque ruin with a lofty tower.
The approach to the Court (see also p. xxxi) ia striking. Here on the
right rises the imposing Serrenhaus^ or dwelling-house, which originally
consisted of three stories. The dividing beams have been broken away,
but the Romanesque columns, placed one above the other, which bear
the lofty pointed vaulting, are still preserved. To the left we observe
the entrance to the Ibwer^ flanked with two columns of granite. The tower,
which is ascended by wooden steps, commands a view of the neigh'
bourhood. A second tower to the E., connected with the other by a lofty
cartain-wall, is half destroyed. Fee to the guide, ^t-i Jf.
F&OH St. Goarshadskn to Zollhadb, viX NastItten, 271/2 M., narrow-
gauge railway in^ about 8 hrs. The line ascends the Matent>aeh-Tal (p. 421 1
station) to (3 M.) Reichenberg (700 ft.), whence there is a fine view or
the castle (i/a M.). — At (6 M.) jBogel (1180 ft.) we reach the edge of the
plateau between the Bhine and the Lahn. — The line then descends into
the MUhlbach'Tal (p. 116).
10 M. Nast&tten (820 ft. ; Ounlrum; RecTcen) is the junction of the line
to Braubach (p. 116). — 14 M. Holxhawm avf der Heide (1275 ft.) is Situated
on the Wiesbaden road, whence a footpath, diverging to the left about
1 M. to the S.W. of the station, leads through wood to the (1 M.) AUeburg^
a Roman entrenched camp.
21 M. Satzenelnbogen (915 ft.; H6t. Bremer^ R. lV«-2Vs -^i B. 80. pf.,
very fair), on the Ddrshach^ lies at the base of a porphyry cliff crowned
by the ancestral castle of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen, who sinee the
llth cent, extended their away over the district between the Bhine and
the Lahn (the 4ower county") and over the now Hessian province of
Starkenbui^ (the 'upper county'). On the death of Philip, the last count,
in 1479, his possessions passed to the Landgrave of Upper Hesse. In 1815
all the lower county on the right bank of the Rhine became Prussian.
26 *H. ffohtenfth is dominated by the ruins of the castle of that name
(940 ft.), beside which is a more recent castle, now occupied as a plain
but good inn (pens. 3'/* Jf)- ^ 271/2 M. Zollhaw^ see p. 145.
On the left rise the imposing rooks of the ''Xiirlei, or Loretd,
430 ft. above the Rhine. The well-known legend of the fairy who
had her dwelling on the rook, and, like the sirens of old, entibed
sailors and fishermen to their destruction in the rapids at the foot
of the preoipice, has long been, a favourite theme with the poet an4
the painter. Heine's beautiful ballad (1823^ Is still deservedly
popular. According to Mamer, a poet of the 13th cent., the Ni'be-
lungen treasure lies hidden beneath the *Lurlenberg\ ■ — At the
foot of the Lurlei is a large harbour.
This is the narrowest (about 220 yds.^ and deepest (76 ft.) part
of the river. The famous echo returned by the lofty cliffs on both
sides is not audible from the steamer, but may be successfully wakened
from a small boat in the qdlet of ^arly motnlng or late evening.
Opposite the Rosa^mn^ a rocky point to the left, which the rail-
way penetrates by a tunnel , a ridge of rocks , known as the ^Seven
Virgins^ is visible when the river is low. It is said that these nigged
masses were once seven fair maidens of the Schonburg, who were con-
demned by the river-god for their prudery to this metamorphobis.
to Mayenee. OBERWESEL. Map,p, 112, — 17. Boute. 123
from the station, B. & B. 2Vs) D. lVr2i/2, pens. 4 Jf; Gou>bnbr Pfbopfbn-
ziEHBB, at the lower end of the village, in a retired situation, B. UU-
2Vt, B. »/4> !>• 1V«^> pens. 41/2-5 Ulf, very fairj Bbutschbb Haus, B. A B.
from 2, D. !»/», pens. 4U!f; B< ~ ~ - - . . _ .
r. ObarweteL — HoteU. Bhexmisohbb Hop, near the pier and not far
D. lV«-2i/2, pens, i Jfs QrOhDEVEB. Pfbopfbn-
' the Tillage, in a retired situation, B. l^^-
2-5 Ulf, very fairj Bbutschbb Haus, B. A B.
... os£, BiEDBBT, ZuM HuksbOckkn, plain, B. &
B. 2, pens. 8V2-4 Jf. — FacMnffer's Rutanrantf with garden, at the foot of
the Schonburg, to the N. of the Frauen Kirche.
Oberweael, an old town with 2700 inhab., named Vosavia in Peut-
inger's map of Roman roads (p. xxiv), and once a free town of the
empire, was afterwards ceded by Henry VII. (1308-14) to his brother
Archbishop Baldwin of Treves. Its chuiches, walls, and pinnacled
towers (14th cent.) , over which frown the ruins of the Schonburg,
render Oberwesel one of the most picturesque spots on the Rhine.
At the S. end of the town rises the conspicuous Frauen- Kirche^
or Church of Our Lady, a fine Gothic edifice in red sandstone,
erected in 1307-31. The narrow and lofty choir and nave rise high
above the aisles.
Interior (entrance on the N. side). The Screen between the choir and
nave dates from the lith century. The Sigh AUar^ of 1331, is adorned
within by delicate wood-carving and outside by painted figures of saints.
By the side-altars and in the aisles are several Paintings of the Lower
RheniBh School; that at the K. side-altar has a representation of the nave
of the church. On the piers are interesting Mural Failings of the
l5-16th centuries. In the N. chapel and in the nave are several Tombs of
the Knights and Counts of Schdnberg (i6-17th cent. \ see below). By the W.
wall is the late-Gothic monument of Canon Lutern (d. 1505).
The Gothic Church of St. Werner, partly resting on the town-
wall, on the side next the Rhine, was (like the church of the same
name at Bacharach, p. 126) built about 1301; fine choir-windows.
At the lower end of the town is the handsome round Ochsenturm,
with its lofty pinnacles.
Upon the hill lies the late-Gothic Church of St. Martin, with
its castle -like tower with turrets at the corners. The S. aisle
contains, under a modern canopy, a coloured and gilt group of
St. Anna and the Virgin, of Gothic workmanship. This church also
contains some curious relic-cases and other objects of interest (the
sacristan lives at No. 223, near the choir).
The route to the Spittenstein (IV2 hr.) vi& Niederburg (comp. p. 121)
ascends to the left near the Ochsenturm, just outside the to^n-wall. —
A pleasant walk may be taken along the Rhine to St. Ooar (p. 120). —
Diligence to Simmem (p. 165), daily.
Above Oberwesel rise the modern chiteau and the picturesque
old ruin of (r.) Sohdnburg, the latter, with its four huge towers, erected
about the 12th cent, the cradle of a once mighty race which became
extinct in 1713. In 1615 it was the birthplace of Count Frederick
Hermann of Schonburg, better known as Marshal Schomberg, who
fought under the Prince of Orange, and in 1668, when in the French
service, compelled the Spaniards to acknowledge the House of Bra-
g&nza. On the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, he was obliged
to quit the French service, and under the Elector of Brandenburg
became minister of state, and governor of Prussia; he finally passed
124 BouU 17. — Map, p. 112. CAtJB. Prom CohUnt
over to England with the Prince of Orange, and fell at the memor-
able battle of the Boyne in 1690. In the Thirty Years* War the
castle fell into the hands of the Swedes, and in 1689 it was sacked
by the French. The cagtlo now belongs to Messrs. P. and T. J. O.
Rhinelander of New York. About Y2 M. from the station, on the
road ascending from the Frauen-Klrche, a footpath diverges to the
right (10 min.). We ring at the entrance to the castle (fee). — On
the W. side, a pleasant path descends into the rocky EnghoU valley,
which yields an excellent wine. From the village of EngehoU (wine
at Schneider's) to Oberwesel, 2^4 M.
1. Canb (705 ft.; Zur Pfals, at the station, well spoken of;
Zum Qriinen Wald; Adter^ R. 1V2"2 JK i EUenhurg^ halfway up the
hill above the station, with view; wine at the TufTn), an ancient
town with 2380 iuhab. , still partly surrounded wiUi mediaval
fortifications, is important on account of its productive subterranean
slate-quarries and as a wine-growing centre. The Churchy dating
from the 12th cent, and partly modernized in 1770, has, with the
exception of the choir, been used by the Protestants ever since the
Reformation. The Notweg^ an attractive promenade along the town-
walls, is reached from beside the square tower. A large Staiut of
BlUcher, by Schaper, erected in 1894, shows the field -marshal
pointing out to his soldiers the way over the Rhino (comp. p. 126)*
A tablet on the ^Stadt Mannheim' markjs his headquarters from Pec.
31st, 1813, to Jan. 2nd, 1814.
At the back of the town rises the picturesque castle of Gutenfeli,
with its lofty square pinnacled tower, named Cube in the middle
ages, which was sold together with the little town of Gaub by the
knights of Falkenstein to the Palatinate in 1277. The building has
recently been restored. The Earl of Cornwall, who was elected
King of Germany in 1257, is said to have become enamoured here
of the beautiful Countess Beatrix of Falkenstein, whom he married
on the death of his first wife in 1269.
At the mouth of the Volkenbach Tal, below the station, is the WUhelm
Erhttollerij a slate quarry worked since 1837, to which visitors are admitted
9-12 and 1-5 (tickets at the office). — The road ascending the valley, past
the Renruelter Stollen, leads to the (IV2 hf.) Saverbnrg (p. 127). — The
AdolfiMhe (20 min.) and the IHirtcMder Weg (20 min.) are view-points
near Caub.
Above Caub, on a ledge of rock in the middle of the Rhine,
rises the *Ffalz, or Pfalzgrafenstein, a hexagonal building, fonnded
by Emp. Louis the Bavarian (1314-47) and well preserved exter^
nally and internally. It has a pentagonal tower covered with an un-*
sightly roof, numerous turrets and jutting comers, loopholes in every
direction, and one entrance only, situated about 6 ft. above the lock,
and reached by means of a wooden staircase. On the S. side is seen
the lion of the Palatinate as bearer of the escutcheon of the ancient
lords of the castle. The interior (keys kept by a boatman at Caub,
who ferries visitors to the building; fee 75 pf.) is uninteresting.
to Maymce. BAOHARACIl. Map,p.ll2. — 17. Route. 125
At this point , early on New Ye&r^s Day, 1814, a Prussian corps
under York, and a division of Russian troops under Langeron,
effeoted the passage of the Rhine under the direction of BlUcher.
r. Baoharach. — Hotels. *H5t£l Hebbbecht Qhte Wasum)^ at the
station, with a garden, R. iV4-3, B. 1, D. 2V2-3, pens. 4Va-6Ulf; BlCcheb-
TAE., io the town; Altbs Bavb (see below), pen<«. from 3 Jff these two
uapretending. — Wine at BastianU and at Jeiter ^ MiUler't (view-terrace).
Bacharachy an ancient town with 1900 inbab. , lies picturesquely
at the entrance to the narrow Steeger^Tal, and is commanded by
the castle of Stahleek, at the foot of which stands the beautiful
rain of St. Werner's church. The old town-walls, a great part of
which is still well-preserved, descending from the castle and
enclosing the town , with three-sided towers at intervals of 100-
150 paces, afford a good example of medissval fortifications.
Bachazach, mentioned as Bachercho in 1019 and as Bagaracha
in 1140, was noted for its wine at an early period, and down to
the IGtheenti was one of the greatest wine-marts on the river. Pope
Pius II. (iEneas Sylvius) caused a cask of *Bacharach wine' to be
brought to Rome annually, and the town of Nuremberg obtained its
freedom in return for a yearly tribute to the Emperor Wenzel of four
tuns of the same wine.
In the Markt-Platz, where the road through the Steeger-Thal
diverges ftom the main street of the town, rises the Protestant
Church of St. Peter f or Templars' Church, a highly interesting late-
Romanesque edifice of elegant proportions, dating from the^begin-
niug of the 13th cent, and recently restored. It includes a round
choir originally decorated in polychrome, two round E. towers, and
a square W. tower. Under this last is a fine early-Gothic porch,
and on the N. side there is a rich portal. The old building with a
tower, now the Parsonage ^ was formerly a Capuchin monastery.
Opposite the church is the Altea Haus Inn^ a tasteful example of
half-timbered architecture, dating from 1568 and restored in 1897.
On a slight eminence (ascent on the S. side of the church of St.
Peter) stands the graceful *Church of St. Werner^ erected in 1293
in the Gothic style in the form of a trefoil , 'partly restored in the
15th cent., but now a ruin, one-third of the original building
having been destroyed. The delicate tracery of the windows should
be noticed. It was erected to commemorate the canonisation of St.
Werner, a boy who, according to tradition, was murdered by Jews in
1286, and whose body was landed here after having miraculously
floated up the stream from Oberwesel. Above the church (10 min.
walk) rises the castle of Stahleek (p. 126).
The Steeger-Tal, at the back of the town, affords a pleasant walk;
it is sometimes called the Bliioher-Tal from the fact that Bliicher after
his passage of the Rhine on 1st Jan., 1814, punned a body of French troops
through this valley towards the Hnnsriick. After about 1 M. we reach
SUeg (Hfitwohl), which yields an excellent white and red wine. Above
the village (AO min. from Baeharaeh) rises the ruined castle of JSiahtUrg^
which like those of S|ahl«ck and Fiirstenberg (p. 136) once belongef
126 Routel7.-'Map,p,ll2. LOROH. From CobUnt
to the Gounta Palatine. A pictureaque panorama may be eqjoyed from
the 'Schanhlick', I1/4 M. from the village.
Above Bacharach rises the once strongly - fortified easUe of
Stahleok f the extensive ruins of which extend down to the valley,
the principal residence of the Counts Palatine from 1142 to 1253.
The French besieged and took the castle and town eight times in
1620-40, and finally destroyed the former in 1689. The ruins are
surrounded with pleasure-grounds.
Nearly opposite the castle (1.), at the mouth of the Rettbach^ lies
the village of Lorehhauseny with a modern Gothic church.
On a rocky eminence on the right, above the village of Rhein-
diebachj rise the ruins of Ffirstenberg, made over to the Palatinate
in 1243 as a fief of Cologne. In 1292, when Adolph of Nassau was
on his way to be crowned at Aix-la-Chapelle, the garrison of the
castle had the audacity forcibly to detain the vessel of the king for
the purpose of levying toll. In 1321 the castle was taken by the Em-
peror Lewis the Bavarian firom his opponent Frederick the Fair, and
presented to his consort Margaret of Holland. In 1632 it fell into the
hands of the Swedes, and in 1689 it was destroyed by the French.
The brook entering the Bhiae here formerly separated the domains
of the electors of Mayence and Tr^.vea. — In its valley lie the villages of
Oberdiebach and Manubach^ both noted for their wine.
Opposite the Furstenberg, on the right bank of the Wiaper,
which falls into the Rhine here, stands the ruined castle of Kollioh
(580 ft. above the Rhine), mentioned in 1110. The rugged cliff on
its W. slope is called the ^Devil's Ladder\ of which a legend re-
cords that a knight of Lorch with the assistance of mountain-sprites
once scaled it on horseback, and thus gained the hand of his lady-
love. The Wisper-Tal is unenviably known for the keen *Wisper
Wind', which blows through it towards the Rhine.
1. Lorch (*Kroney with garden, D. i^iJf, good winej Schmidt,
at the upper end of the town; Railway Hotel), a small town with
2216 Inhab., forming a long street on the bank of the river, mentioned
in a charter as early as 832, was in the middle ages a favourite resi-
dence of noble families. In the church-yard is a*Cruclflx dated 1491.
The lofty Gothic Church of St. Martin, of the 13- 15th cent., which
possesses the finest bells in the Rhelngau, was entirely restored in
1871-74. The high-altar with rich late-Gothic carving of 1483, a
fine late-Gothic font of 1464, and the monument of the knight Joh.
Hilchm von Lorch (d. 1548) merit Inspection. The inscription on
the last records that Hllchen distinguished himself against the
Turks, and as field-marshal in 1543-44 against the French. His
house, a handsome Renaissance building of 1546-48, adorned with
sculpturing, is situated on the Rhine about the middle of the village.
The road through the *Wi8p«r-Tal to Schwalbach CXfl/t M. { carriage
with one horse 20, with two horses 30 Jf; there and back 25 or 35 •#)
leads by (6 M.) the KamMerberger MUhle (inn) and the (2V4 M.) Lauken-
MUKU (inn) to (2V4 M.) the rain of 0«raUMn^ the finest point in the valley.
Abont li/s H. farther on, beyond the OreuUnfft-MUMe ^ the road qnits the
to Mayetiee. RHEINSTEIN Map, p. 11 2. -^17. Route. 127
Wisper-Tal and enters the FiioMuch-Tah After passing the O/s M.)
Rienn-MUhle it reaches Uie lon^ valley of the Dombaeh^ which it follows
to a point beyond (3 M.) Ramsehied. Kear Bamschied a saline spring is
passed on the left. We now ascend in windings , cross the old Rheingan
road CHohe Stfosse'; 1685 ft.), and descend to (iytK.}SehwaWa«h(p. lli).
In the valley of the Sauer, which unites with the Wisper 11/4 M. above
Lorch, is the Bauerhurg, S'A M. from Lorch and 27? M. from Caub, once in
the possession of the Sickingen family, and destroyed by the French in 1688.
'rtie E. Iwink of tlie river fiom Lorch to Assmannshauseft is un-
interestiiig. The hlllg rise abraptly from the water, their lower
slopes heing covered with vineyards and their Bummlts with wood.
t. Niederheimhaeh (rail. stat. ; Pfalzer Hof ; Rheinischer Hof),
a long village, commanded hy the massive tower of Hoheneck^ or
Hehnbnrgr a castle of the 13th and 14th cent., recently restored,
nei.t comes in view. Extensive retrospect as far as Bacharach.
The valley of the Rhine now slightly contracts. On the right
rises the slendei tower of Soonookf commanding the entrance to a
ravine. The castle , which was erected hy Archbishop Willigis of
Mayence about 1015, was destroyed hy Emp. Rudolph of Hapsburg
as a robbers* stronghold, but rebuilt in the i4th century. The ruin
was restored in 1834 by the j^mperor William I.
On the right bank opens the Boden-Tal, at the mouth of which
are the vineyards that yield the Bodentaler wine, mentioned as
early as 1107. A zigzag path ascends hence through wood to the
top of the Teufelshadrieh (1365 ft.).
r. Trechtingshauaen or Trechtlingshausen (rail. stat. ; "Weisses
RosB, interesting visitors' book). On an eminence beyond the village
rises the Reichenstdnj or Falkenbnrg, destroyed by the French in
1689. In 1!252 this marauders* oastle was destroyed by the con-
federation of Rhenish towns, but restored in 1261 by Its owner,
Philip von Hohenfels, who resumed hia lawless calling. Rudolph
of Hapsburg afterwards besieged and dlsman^d it, and relentlessly
consigned to the gallows the robbers whom he found in possession.
The castle (restored) 1^ now private property.
At the foot of the hUl Is the entrance to the Morgenbach-Tal, which
to a distance of about 1 H. is one of the most romantic lateral valleys of
the Rhine. Just above the mill (inn), where the most picturesque view is
enjoyed a path to the left ascends in 'A hr. to the Schweiserhaus (p. 138).
On ihe right we next observe the venerable Glemens-Oapelle,
a small late-Romanesque edifice, with late-Gothic choir-stalls. It
is supposed to have been buUt by the knights of Waldeck to ensure
the souls* peace of the robber-knights slain or hanged by Rudolph
of Hapsburg.
A little above the church , on the same bank , rises l&e pictur-
esque oastle of *BbeinBteiii» 260 ft. above t^e Rhine. It was
formerly called the FaiHberg, Vautabtrg, or Voigtsherg, Its origin is
unknown, but it is mentioned as early as 1279, and after 1348 was
a reeidenee of Euno von Falkenstein, Archbishop of Treves, since
whdie time it has firequently appeared in history. In 1825-29 Prince
Frederick of Prussia caused the oastle to be restored in the medisBval
128 B.17.'C(mpM(tp,p.l37, ASSMANNSHAUSEN. FromCobUnt
style ; it now belongs to Prince Henry of Prassia. Rheinstein is a
very interesting example of a mediseval castle, of which the massive
hattlemented towers called the ^Beigfriede*, the 'Herrenhaus', or
^Palas', and the snbstantial ^Schildmauer' on the side exposed to attack
are well represented. A good collection of annoor and antiqnities is
shown in the interior (adm. 1 Jf, two or more pers. 50 pf. each).
Shady promenades lead hence to (1-1 Va ^O Bingerbruck (p. 131 J.
The view from the castle as well as from the 8chwtherhau$ (good
inn) on the height towards the S. is limited.
The Rhine has here forced its way through the slate-mountains.
The lofty banks are wooded above and covered with vlneyaids below.
1. AtsmannihaiiieiL. — Hotels* *Ksomk, &. 2-3Vs, B. 1, pent. fi>/t*
QJt; *AsxsUy B. 2-21^, B. 1, D. 2Vsi pens. b^i/tJt; Biu£ii»-H6ibi», at th»
lower end of the village, opposite the pier, B. iVf-2, B. 1, D. iVr3,
pen^. 41/2-5 Jf. very fair; Eulbebo, near the railway-station, B, iVs-2,
B. 1, pens. 6-6 Jf, all these on the Uhine, with fine views. •— Bkutbssban,
R. IVs-SVs) B. V4> !>• lVr3«J; Gsiivamia, plain, also on the BMne; Hdr.
Zahnradbahn, near the moantain-railway, without view, B. & B. i*/t-2^fz J(.
Zahnradbahn, or Rack-and- Pinion Railwaif^ to the top of the Nieder-
wald*, the station is at the E. end of the village, near the chureh (p. 188).
Steamer to R<id9$keirH and Bingen^ see p. 181. — Kotor Lavneh to
Rheimtain 80, there and back 50 pf. — Small Boat to Zorch, 1-6 pers. V/t J(,
Assmannshaiuen (260 ft. ; railway-station, see p. 142), a village
with 1000 inhab.jis celebrated for its full-bodied and high-flavoured
red wine, the better vintages of which are preferred by some con-
noisseuTS to Burgundy, and realise high prices. A warm alkaline
spring (90®) here, containing lithia, was known as far back as the
Roman period. The Kurhaus was built in 1864.
Beyond Assmannshausen the steamboat reaches the Binger Looh»
a rapid caused by the narrowness of the rocky channel , the widen-
ing of which has been the work of ages , from the Roman period
down to the most recent times. The passage is now free from danger,
but only the Dutch steamers (p. xri) and the local boats call here.
The stream is too rapid to permit a pier to be erected at Assmanns-
hausen.
Above the rapids rises the tower of (1.) Ehrenfels, erected about
1210 by Philipp von Bolanden, Governor of the Rheingau, the fre-
quent residence of the Archbishops of Mayence in the 15th cant.,
much damaged by the Swedes in 1635 , and Anally destroyed by
the French in 1689. The two towers are connected by a lofty wall
on the side exposed to attack, facing ^e hill.
The steep slopes of the Rudesheimer Berg yield the excellent
wine of that name , and terrace rises above terrace to secure the
soil from falling. The hill is completely covered with walls and
arches , the careful preservation of which conveys an idea of the
value of the vines. According to tradition , Charlemagne observed
from his palace at Ingelheim that the snow always melted first on
the Rudesheimer Berg , and therefore caused vines to be brought
from TramlQ (near Botzon) and planted there.
to Mayenee. BINGEN. Comp.Majy^p.lSTk'-n.Boute, 129
Opposite tbe oasUe, on a quatte-iock in the middle of the Bhine,
is siinated the IConie Tower, which is popnlaily said to derive its
name from the well-known legend of the ernel Archbishop Hatto of
Mayence (914). Having caused a nnmber of poor people, whom he
compared to mice bent on devoaring the com, to be burned in a
bam during a famine, he was littacked by mice, which tormented
him day and night. He eon^t refage on this island , but was
followed by his persecutors, and devoured alive. The tower, how-
ever, was in reality erected in the ^ginning of the 18th cent, as
a watch-tower, and the name is derived from the old German
MiUturm (arsenal). In 1856 the ruins were again converted into
a kind of watch-tower, for making signals to steamers^ which in
descending the river are required to slacken speed here when other
vessels are coming up the stream.
The valley of the Rhine now suddenly expands, and the diatrict
of theRheingau, which was once in all probability a lake, is entered.
Below (r.) Binptn the Nahe unites with the Rhine. Bridges over the
Nahe, and stations of the Rhenish and Rhine-Nahe lines at Bingit'
bfUcky seep; 131. The steamers do not touch at Bingerbnick. Above
BingerbriLok is tiie pavilion on the Elisenh&he (p. 181). Over Bingen
rise the Klopp and the Rochusberg, with its view-tower (p. 180).
r. Bingen. — Hotels. On tht Rhine Quay; Hotel Victoria, near the
statioa, ft. 2-6, B. IV4, D. 3, pens. 5-10 Ul, good wine of its own growing;
Staskbnbvboib Hov, with terrace; thete two of tbe first class,, with
restaurants. -^ Dxmmi^^ B. ifi/ir2i/i^B. "^i D. 2, pens* 5-6Va Jf; Dectsohbs
Hads, B. 1»/2-S, B. V** ^' l*/«-2, pens, from 5 •#, very fair; OObkl,
E. iV«-2*/«, B. »/4, D. 1V2-2V« Jf, also very fair; Adleb; Karppbn, R. A
B. 21^ Jf; aOBMABiA, B. i]tf2% B. 3/4, peas. i-Q Jt. — In the Town:
Qo|.ON9B FwftVQ, KapuBiner-Str. 12, near the market-place; Hilsdobf, in
the Speise-Markt, E. & B. iVs-2V2> 1>. from 1V« Ul, plain but good. —
•HdTBL RooHTysBEBft (p. 130), R. iVf2V8, B. 1, D. 2V«, pens. 6-6 •#, omnibus
from the station fiO> pt — At BingirbrUek (p. 131) : MouBMAifN, R. ii/t'2%
B. •/«> !>• iVs -^i above the station. — Oafe-Bestaurants. SohetTj at the
Hdt. Hilsdorf (see above) ; Heilmann^ RUcket^ both on tbe Rhine Quay.
Sleetrio Tramways: 1. From Bingen Railway Station^ past the Ferry
Station, to Bi^erhrlkk, — 2. From Bingen Raiheay Stafion to Biide^eim.
SoBts. To tbB Mouse Tower, 1-2 pers. iVs UK, each additional pers.
25 pf.; to Assmannshausen, 1-6 pers. 8 Ul; to Rheinstein and Assmanns-
hausen, with 2 hrs\ stay at the former, 6 Ul. — Baths in the Rhine.
OBAriages. To the Rochus-Eapelle and back, one-horse, 1-2 pers. 8Vii
84 pers. 4 Jf; two-horse 1-2 pers. 4, 34 pers. 5 Jt; io the Scharlachkopf
andbaokr one -horse 4 or 6 Ul^, two- horse 6 or ii Jt; to Rheinstein and
back. 4 or 6, i! 5 or 6 J(.
Bailway Bta.Uon (Restaurant) of the Railway of the left Bank (R. 19),
at the upper end of the town. — Bteamboat Pier tor the Cologne-Dussel*
dorf and Dutch steamboats, and also for local boats to Riidesheim, Ass-
mannshausen, and Rheinstein.
Binger^ (260 ft.), a Hessian district -town with 9960 inhab.,
sltfOAted at ^e eonllaenee of the Nahe and Rhine, was known to the
Romans, who eieeted a oaatle here, at the point whenoe their military
to«i» toOologne and Trdres diverged. In 70 A.P. a battle was fbpght
at Binginm between the Romans and the Ganls. In the middle agep
Babdbxbb's Rhine. 16th Edit. 9
130 RouU17,-'Mapa,pp.l28,l37, BINGEN. FromCoblcM
it was a firee town of the empire and one of the earlieat membeis of
the GonfedeiatiLon of Rhenish towns (p. 165). During the Thirty
Tears* War it was repeatedly captured, and in 1689 it was almost
totally destroyed by the French. Bingen carries en a large trade in
wine, and its recent prosperity is testified by its new wlnter-
harbonr, quays, and embankments. It is the seat of the BhenUh
Technical College (900 students), of a Mining and Industrial School,
and of a Commercial School, The late-Gothic Pariah Ckurek, of the
15th cent., with a Romanesque crypt of the 11th, has been modern-
ised. The Gothic font dates from the 15th century. The old Bat^
haus is now the district court.
Aboye the town, on the site of the ancient Roman fortress, rises
the castle of Xlopp, which was destroyed by the French in 1689,
but has been tastefully restored and extended since 1854, It now
accommodates the municipal offices. The tower and terrace afford
a beautiful yiew. The tower contains a collection of antiquities
(adm. 20 pf.). The moat is now laid out as a garden. The Goeben-
Strasse, the Schloss-Strasse, and the Rochus-Strasse (beyond the
Hotel d^Angleterre) ascend to it from the Rhine. £mp. Henry lY.
was seized here at Christmas, 1105, by his treacherous son
(afterwards Henry V.), who carried him captiye to the castle of
Bockelheim (p. 170).
The finest point in the neighbourhood of Bingen is the *BochiiB-
b«rg, with the Bochus^Kapelle and the Scharlaekkopff each about
yr^/i ^* ^0™ ^^® town. The routes thither are all provided with
guide-posts. From the castle of EIopp we may proceed direct vill
the Mariahilf-Strasse and the Rupertus - Strasse. At the top we
reach the H6tel Rochuaherg (p. 129), with a veranda, commanding
a fine view, and thence we follow the road on the margin of the
wood (or through the woods, below, passing a round dove-cot),
which leads to the chapel in 8 min. more.
The Bochus-Kapelle, a chapel on the E. brow of the Bochuahergy
was built in 1677 in memory of the plague of 1666, struck by
lightning and burnt to the ground in 1889, and handsomely rebuilt
in 1889-94 in a late-Gothic style from plans by Meckel At the
festival of St. Roch (first Sunday after 15th Aug.), charmingly de-
scribed by Goethe, thousands of persons congregate here and celebrate
certain solemnities, to which open-air dances, music, and feasting
form a lively sequel. — The Kempter Eck, 4 min. to the N.E. of the
chapel, commands a fine view over the whole of the Rheingau
(p. 132).
From the H6tel Rochusberg a shady path leads in 20 min. to the
Boharlaohkopf (810 ft.), the highest point of the Rochusberg, the
8. slopes of which, extending to the district of BQdeaheim (p. 286),
yield the fiery Seharlaehberger wine. A fine view of the Nahe VaUey,
the Taunus, and the Rheingau is obtained from the Kttiaer FrUdrteh
Twm on the top, 69 ft high.
toMayenoe, RODESHEIM. Map8,pp:i28,137,^l7.B. 131
Near Its montk the Nahe is crossed l>y a Railway Bridge^ which
is also open to carriages and foot-passengers. The old Bridge^ with
its seven arches, aboat V2 ^* farther up, is haUt on the foundations
of an old Roman bridge, and has been repeatedly restored. Below
the bridge is an nnderground.Bomanesqae chapeL — AboTe the old
bridge the HnnsrQek road ascends to the BondeU, a line point of view.
On the left or Prussian bank of the Nahe, on the Buppertsbergj
lies Bingerbrftek (hotels, see p. 129), a village with 2800 inhab.,
and the station of the Rhine and Nahe Railway (p. 165). A Bene-
dictine nunnery, formerly situated on the Ruppertsberg, was de-
stroyed by the Swedes in 1632.
The XliMnkShe (830 ft. } pavilioii), reached from Bingerbriick station
in V* hr., commands a fine view of the Bhelngau and the "Niederwald. —
Other good points of riew are the Prinzeniop/ and' farther on, the Damiant-
tcfft between Bingerbntclc and Bbeinstein. — From the Damiaxukopf a
pathi leada to the Scf»wei$erham (Vaitabexger Bof, Bnrg Bheinstein, see
p. 137) in »/4 hr.
On the £. bank, nearly opposite Bingen, lies Rildesheim, of
wine-growing celebrity.
1. Bftdetkeim. — Hotele, all in the Bhein-Str. (some closed in winter).
*DAX]i8xlDTaa Hor, B. !2-6, D. 3, pens, from 7 Jf; *Juno, at the station,
B. 24, B. 1, pens, from 6 Ul; 'Ehbhabd, near the pier, E. 2>3, B. 1,
D. 8 •#. — *Wbil, with frequented restaurant, D. iVs-2 Jt; *HdTBL Kkass,
B. 2-i, B. 1, D. from 9/2 Jf; HdrsL-BuTAUBAMT Wimzbrhads, Ober-Str. 1
(Xettemicher Hoi) 1 DdBHgFBR, B. 2-3, B. i, pens. b^fVh Jf^ well spoken
of. — Bbllbvub, b. lVr2>/a, B. 1, D. from 1 Va, pens, from 6 J^ ; Tbadbb,
B. A B. 21/s, D. IV3-2 Jt; Faclbabbb; HdT. Best. Lill; all these plain.
Several of the hotels have good wine of their own growing.
BMtanMBta «Ad mmn Booms at the S^ttls and at the Shmt^ Station;
BkHnkail4^ opposite, on the Bhlne (closed in winter); MUtentiefur Hof
(wine of the Winter- Verein) , behind the Hdt. Jung; /. F. J/oos, on the
Bhine, D. (124 p.m.) 2-2V4 Jt^ Old German Wine Room, D. (12-2) from 2 Ul,
both at the stanon of the Zannradbahn; Joh. Mailer, Drosselgasse 5. —
Beer: WHl (see above); Erone, Bhein-Str.; ZengUr, on the Bhine; acheO-
haae; MUUtdtter, these tiiree near the Zahnradbahn.
Baths. Two establishments on the Bhine.
Oarriagee to the Kiederwald, see p. 137; carr. with two horses to
Schlois Johannisherg for 1-2 ners. 5, 3-4 pers. 6, there and back 7 and 8 Jl,
Zahnradbahn to the l^iederwald, see p. 187. The station is at the
npper end of the town, >/> If* ^11^ the Bhenish railway • station and
from the pier of the Dutch steamers , and 1/4 ^« ^™^ the pier of the
Cologne and Dlisseldorf boats. Omnibus between the stations, 10 pf.
vteam Ferry Boat to Binffen and BingerbrUct, starting from the lower
end of the town, near the station (passage nnder the railway), see p. 129. —
StMuner to Bingem and AumMmehautm^ see p. 129.
Beats from Biidesheim to Bingen, 1>10 persons ij$; Bingerbriick,
1-6 persons 2 Ul, for each additional pers. 10 pf., trnnk 10 pf. ; to Assmanns-
hausan 1-6 pers. 8 •#, each additional pers. 10 pf. ; to Bheinstein and Ass-
mannshansen 5 j$,
BMe8h€im{jbbb ft.}, a district-town with 4772 inhab., most of
whom lite by the onltnre of the vine, lies in a sunny situation at
the S. base of the Niederwald (p. IdT), at the point where the
valley of the Rhine expands into the broad basin of the Rheingau.
The celebrated wine of the place can boast the longest pedigree on
the Bhlne, ^ongh some of its brethren of the Rheingau are now
9»
132 Routin.-^Mapyp.l^S. GEISENHEIM. FromCoblmt
fonsidered superior. The best sorts are yielded by tbe vineyards
behind the town, called the Hinterhau9, the RoiOand^ close to the
station, and those of the RUd^eshHmtr Berg (p. i^).
At the apper end t>f the town are the Protestant Ckurehy bnlH in
1865, and the late-Gothic AdteHurm\ a relic of the old fortifica-
tions. Adjacent is the station of the Niederwald railway (^. 137). —
The Gothic Church of St, James (Rom. Oath.), in the market-^lace,
built about 1390-1400, has interesting paintings ttom the Passion
on the vaulting (ea. 1400), and contains an elaborate late-R«fnai^'
sance altar (ca. 1690) and two fine Renaissance monuments of th^
Brdmsers of Riidesheim (1543 and 1667), one of the most dl^n-
guished knightly families on the Rhine, which became extinct in 1678.
The Vorderburg^ a fragment of a square tower near the market"
place, 33 ft. In height, is a relic of one of ^e three castles of Rfides^
heim. At the lower end of the to\«D, near thellhenlfth station, rises
the Bromserhurg, or properly the Niederhurg^ the property of Count
Ingelheim, a massive rectangular structure. In the 10-12th cent, it
belonged to the Archbishops of Mayence and it afterwards became
the seat of the Knights of Rfldesheim, who became extinct in 1548.
The Oberburg, or Booseriburgy behind the BWms^rb^rg, was eritlfeiy
rebuilt in 1868, with the exception of the keep.
The Brdmserhofj a mansion of the 16-1 7tii cent, (now' 'a char-
itable institution), in the Obergasse, has a pointed tbwer covered
with slates and contains ancient frescoes (1558).
From Budeaheim to tbe rtdn of Bhrmfei* (p. 128), V* hr.
A plMMnt walk may be taken to the K.W. to (i^/s krO the foreater^s
house of Kammm'f^rtt (15^ ft. \ restaurant with rooms, pen*. 4 Jt)^ near the
Teufelskadrich (p. ISfT). From Eemmerforst a broad patt leads throaf^
the wood to Lwrch.
At Riidesheim begins the ^Rhbinoau, a^ rich and beautiful
district, which produces some of the most famous and costly wines
in the world. The name is now applied to the tract oh the E. (here
N.) bank of the Rhine between Riidesheim and Nlederwallaf^ about
12 M. in length and 5 M. in breadth. Tt fbrmerly belonged to the
Archbishopric of STayence and extended down the river as fat as
Lorch. It was once completely enclosed by the ' Otbuek\ a densely
interwoven and impenetrable belt of trees about 50 paces in wldtii.
A *Walk through the Rheingan may be taken as fbllows. From
Eltville to (2V« M.) Kiedrieh (p. 136) , and then past the Innatic asylum
of Bithberg to (3M.) Eherhach: thence otct the Bo* and pas* the Bteinbera
to (2V4 M.) Hallffarten, and via BeMoi» FoJIrotfr to (SH.) JohmmiOt^r^f
then back to the Rhine at (IV2 M.) GeUenheim. An excuftion Slioiild irtlso^
be made from BltvOle to the Bubmh^uftr BUht and RauentMA (M^ p. 143).
On the summit of the NiedMwald, to the lefib, rises theNationti
Monument (p. 138> ^ Aftet passing Kempten and (ndl. stat.):
QauUhthtn^ we reach -*-
I. OeiMnheim (♦Fr onft/Urf^r JBb/*, R. & B. 2Va-3Vj, D. 1-ft,
pens. 4-6*/i UT; Dewtocftew Hms; Gertnania^ tuipretdiidiHir);'
foMaytnfie. JOHANm&tBBKe. ^^.p.l^S.-rrU.B. 138
a pleasant littl» toyrn wjXh 3980inhab., meBtioned in hi6toi*y as
early as tbe 8th oentuiy, and now l>pAstlng of a nmmbei of ooantiy-
liouses. i^he l&te^Ootkic Cbur(^, comp]leted in 1518, has a oon-
spicuyons portal, and open towensiol n&d sandstone added by Hoff-
mann in 1838; the interior .^as modernised in 1745-52. The
a^lfining tower (100 ft. high) belongs to a factory of ^^rkling wine.
ThiQ Mathaua was erects in 1856. AX the upper end of the town
ase4^#ew {tomanesqne ehnreh and the mansions of Counts Jngelheim
and Sehetnbom. At the W., or Ipwer, entrance to the town is the
TilU lf«iMre|7os.ef Herr yon Lade, wlt^ an interesting garden and
orchardi^ Near the station is the (Enological and PomologicdL Aca*
demy, a goyemment-institution for the scientiflo instiaction of
wine and. fjcoit growers. Behind rises the red EoUberg^ the slopes
of which produce the best Geisenheim wine.
. Oil the Ju^l behind Geisenheim, near Sibiqgt n £446 It s JSch^er's Tapem)^
ii»eif!titmiL Gunnery of that name, fotinded^in ltl8 and secularised in 1802;
a JHtt« to the v. is tiie «ew nunn«ry ef 8t. HMegtwd (1901). Fartber to
tbo Hv.^, on tl^ hiUaide^ is the fonn^r Gapnji^n ooavent of MoSgottes
(4gonia Domini), founde^ in 1621, now private property. About »/♦ M. to
the 'N. (2>/« H. from Biideliheim) is the former monastery of Mctrienthai.
1. SchloBB JobanniBberg, a conspicuous point in the landscape,
mctures^uely situated on a viDe-cla4 eminence, 340 ft. above the
Rhine, may be reached in ^4^'* ^Y carriage-roads either from Geisen-
heim or from Winkel (p. 134). The extensive ch&teau was erected
in 175'?-59 by tbe Prince- Abbot of Fulda, on the site of an old
Benedictine monastery founded by Archbishop Ruthard in 1090. In
1802, en the suppression o^ the Abbey of Fulda (which had purchased
the Johi^nnisberg from Mayence in 1716), the castle, became the
property of the prince ef Orange, in 1807 it was presented by ]^a-
poleon to Marshal KeUermann, andin 1816 it was conferred by the
Kmp, of Austria as an imperial fief on Prince Clemens of Metter-
ni^i wbo^dM not fully Teoognise the sovereignty ef the Duke of
ITasaau till 1^1. The fat-famed vineyards (comp. p. xxii), in area
aboat 65 acres* yielding, in good years, an income of 7000^., are
most carefully cultivated^ and take ^e lead among the vineyards of
the'Khlne, a!;^Q]^gh of^te years there Jias bfeen a great rivalry be-
tween thetmtnea of ^ohannisberg and Steinberg (p. 134). Yisitors
are itet admitted 'to the interior of the chateau, though, when the
fainlly is absent, tbey mi^y* enjx)y the striking tiew from the terrace
in iCroii^i (Qojvil.Johannisberger may be procured from the steward at
A^^'Jf and upwards per bottle.) The Chap^Z of the ch&teau, con-
i(9Ctated'iii 11^, rebuilt In 1717-80, and modernised in the
Idth century, contains the tomb ef the Ehenish historian Nicholas
yogt(i^. 1836), the tutor of Prince Metterniob. — To the E. of
tiexlf^a^, j>h the rOad to Winkel, is the villa of Herr von Mumm
bt E^ini&rt. -T- On the Mannlherg, a hill lower down the Rhine,
a iittfe Ij^ew Johannlsberg, is the Tilla Bauer.
, j^ iHsw jpainutes' walk from the Schloas we reach Dorf JTohan^-
134 B(mU17.'-Mapyp.l28. HATT^NHSIM. FnmCoUenk
berg (ZumSehloBs Johannitberg^ yeiy fair). To the S.W. !• Jbtotnitf-
herg im Cfrund (Kenter's Tavern), a vUlage witii a large manu-
factory of piinting-presBes. Near it, at the foot of the Schloss, lies
the ^KlauBt\ the remains of a nnnnery founded about 1150, and
suppressed in 1452. Fine view of Ingelheim (p. 140) to the left
I. Winkel (Rhemgauer Hof, with garden; Doring) and MHUh
heim together form one long street, so long that Goe^e has described
it as very trying to the patience. Near the Rhine is the Oraue Hauij
in the Romanesque style (11th. cent. ?). At the W. extremity is
situated the country-house of Herr Brentanoy mentioned along with
Goethe in Bettina von Amim*s 'Correspondence of a Child*, where
memorials of the poet are still preserved.
1. Frei' Weinheim (pier) is the station (tramway) for Ingelheim
(p. 140).
At (1.) Oestrlch (^Sehwan, on the Rhine; beer at WiiAeCi) the
inhabitants of the Rheingau formerly swore tatXty to each newly-
elected Archbishop of Mayence, who was obliged first to confirm the
privileges of the people. The village (2700 Inhab.) with its pro-
jecting crane, and the Johannisberg in the background, affords a
pleasant picture.
On the slope behind Oestrich lies HaUgarten (666 ft.; Kremer^ plain),
in the midst or rineyards \ near it is th6 well-preserred eh&teara of Voll-
radty probably erected in 1S62 by a member of the Oreij^irMatt family, in
whose possession it still is. Above HaUgarten (1 hr.) rises the HallgarUr
Zange (1900 ft ; inn), with a view-tower, whence various attractive walks
may be taken (nnmeroiu guide-posts).
Before reaching (1.) Hattenheim f^Reaa^ on the Rhine, R. firom
IV2, I>. from 1 J(; beer at NolVa), a village of 1300 inhab., with
extensive cellars for the storage of wine, the road passes 8ehlo8$
BeicJiardUhauseny in a small park, 1 M. firom Oestrich.
A road leads inland frgm Hattenheim to the (2V« M.) once celebrated
and richly-endowed Cistercian Abbey of Bberbaoh (restaurant at the entrance),
founded in 1116, erected into an abbey by St Bernard of Clairvauz in 1131,
and situated in one of those sequestered valleys which this order always
selected for their monasteries. (*]^mardus vaUes, montes B^iedictus amabat,
oppida Franciscus, eelebres Ignatius nrbes.^
The Abbey (adm. 10-60 pf.), secularised in 1803, and now partly
used as a prison, was built at various period^ from the 12th w the
15th century. The extremely plain architecture of the Romaiieflque Abbep
Church, consecrated in 1186 and recently restored, is . characteristic of
the earliest days of the Cistercian Order*, it contains a number of *Mon»
umenU^ most of them of abbots of the 12-18th centuries. The €k>thic
monument which encloses the tombs of Oerlach, ArchbtShop of Kayence
(d. 1371), and Adolph U. of Nassau (d. U74), particularly deserves in-
spection. The Library and ^InA^ocs, above the sacristy, probably occupy
the original quarters of the abbots j and dbOve the Ohdpttr souie is the
early>Oothic Dormitory^ altered In the 18th century. The lUfettoty was
rebuilt in 1720. The lay brothers' honse (the W. wiag) has been known
as the Ahthau since the restorations of 170B. The In/lrmary (so-called old
church; to the W., beyond the brook), which is in the transition style,
is now occupied by wine-preases. The vanKs below these buildings are
used as wine-cellars. Important wine^auctions take place here in f|»rimf.
Close to the abbey is the celebrated Steinberg vineyard, 60 acres in
>rea , which was carefully cultivated by the industrious monks of Bber-
ioMayenee. BLTYILLB. Mapfp.l^^l7,BouU, 136
bach from the 12th to the 19th century, and is now the property of
goreriment. The vinea are tended with eren greater care than those
on the lohannisberg, and their prodace is not less highly esteemed. The
Boe (an old word for 'hilF), an eminence close to the monastery, 880 ft.
above the sea-level, with a refage-hut, commands a magnificent prospect,
embracing the Steinberg vineyard. To the B. of the Eberbach valley,
conspicnonsly situated on a hill, is the extensive Lunatic Aiytutn of
Eiehherg,
Between Hattenheim and Erbacli lie the islands of Sandau.
conaeeted with the left bank, and WeatphaUnsche At«, or Bheinau,
To the left of the road between these villages is the Marco-
hrunnen (*boundary-well') , near which are the vineyards yielding
Marcobrunner, one of the most highly prized Rhisnish wines, and
chiefly belonging to Count Schdnborn. The different-coloured posts
indicate the limits of the various properties ; the white posts mark
the lands belonging to government.
1. Srbaeh (Engel, well spoken of, good wine ; Wallfiseh, plain ;
Nasaauer Hof), mentioned in history as early as 980, is partly con-
cealed from the 'steamboat -passenger by the island of Rheinau,
li/2 M. in length. At the W. end of the village is the chUteau of
ReinharUhausefij the property of Prince Albert of Prussia, containing
a collection of pictures and sculptures; open from 1st May to 30th
Sept. on week-days, 10-6 (adm. 1 Uff, for a charitable object).
1. Eltyille. — Hotels. ^HStsl Esisbnbaoh, at the station, B.3-3, B. 1,
D. IVa-SUl; Mainzbb Hop. Wilhelm-Str. 13, at the station, both with re-
staaranfs. — Beer at Orahrs^ in the town. — Balhs in the Rhine. — The
pier is V« If* trom the railway 'Station , where also the steam-tramway to
achUmgmbad (p. 143) starts.
EltvUU or ElfM (290 ft.), with 4063 inhab. and many hand-
some TiUas, was, known in the middle ages as Altavilla and was once
the capital of the Bheingau. The German king Giinther of Schwarz-
burg resigned his dignity here in 1349, when besieged and hard
pressed by his opponent Charles IV. In the 14th and 15th cent.
Eltville was a residence of the Archbishops of Mayence.
Near the pier are the formerly archiepifecopal institutions of
8t, Peter and 8i, Victory which now, like the Martins - Tumij the
last relic of the town-gates, belong to Count Eltz. — The Caaile,
erected la 1332-50 by Baldwin, Archbishop of Treves, then governor
of Mayence, was destroyed In 1635, with the exception of the keep,
the watch-tower, and the moat; the 'Palas* is now used as a wood-
store. — The Gothic Churchy built in 1353, contains a canopy of
the 15th cent., a fopt of 1517, and several Renaissance tombs.
The Lichtenstem Houses In the main street, is a notable Renais-
sance structure of 1670 (upper story rebuilt). In the garden is a
late-Gothic dwelling-house, formerly known as the -Sanccfccrflb^ —
The FrUhmesserei is designated by a tablet as the house where the
brotheTS BechtermQntze established a printing-press about 1460
(probably with the aid of their kinsman Gutenberg, p. 162).
A charming excursion may be made from Eltville to the (*/« hr.)
BubmMuier HdhB and (1 hr.) Rauenihal; comp. p. liS.
136 BouU 27. •* Mapy p, 1^6, BIEBBIOa
About l«/4 M. to the V.W., coneeiaod amidit ^nenOad biUfl, Uet iht
large village of Kiadrioh (440ft. ; JPn^e/, very fair^ Krone; Burg JUkmr^
sMny moderate), a reaort of pilgrims. The GotMc church of St. VaUntnte
(14-d5th cent.), restored in 1S74^ with a pulpit of 1493 asd other wovka
of art, and the chapel of *SL Michael^ erected in 1440>44 in the ornate late-
Gk)thic style, restored in 1858, merit a risiti and there are many pietureique
half'timhered houses. Near Kiedrich is the Or(ifeiib4rg^ one of the most
celebrated vineyards of the Bheingau*, it is crowned by the castle of
Schar/ensteint which was erected by the Archbishops of Mayence at the
close of the 12th cent, dismantled by the Swedes in 1032, and finally by
the French in 1682. A mineral spring rising near Kiedridh resembles the
Wiesbaden springs, but its temperature is nmch lower. — TKiedzich is
IVs H. from Eberbach (p. 134) via Eichberg.
Beyond Eltville several more villas are passed, the most conspicu-
ous of which are Burg Crata^ with a garden-restaurant. Villa Rhein-
berg, and the Steinheimer Bof, the last belonging to the Grand-Duke
of Luxembourg. The island opposite, called iiiQ Ektviller Au, is oc-
cupied by a large farm.
On the opposite bank of the Rhine is Budtriheim (p. 141).
1. liTiederwalluf {Schwan^ on the Rhine, with garden and yiew,
much frequented by visitors from Mayence and Wiesbaden, R. 2^2*
B. 3/4» P- 2V2» P®ii8. 51/2 M; S6t. Qartenfeld, also with garden;
Zur Schonen Auaaichty at the station), a place with 1300 Inhab.,
mentioned as early as 770 , lies at the mouth of the Waldaffa or
Wallufj near the ancient E. boundary of the Rheingau (p. 132). The
Kuranttalt Reineck (pens. 6-10 Ulf) is for nervous and other sufferers,
1. SchierBtein {Seipd; Drei Kronen, R. IV2-2, B. V2-4f, both
very fair) , an old village (4460 inhab.), with a manufactory of
sparkling wine and a large river-harbour, ^tands in the midst of a
vast orchard. — About l*/2^- inland is the ruin of Frauenstdn, with
the village of that name (Goldenes Ross); ^4 M. to the S.E. of the
latter is the Spitze Stein (835 ft. ; p. 144), with extensive view.
1. Biebrich. — Hotels. 'Kaibbbhof, new, Nassau A Eronb, with
garden-restaurant on the Rhine, R. IVrS, B. »/4i pens. 6-8 Ul, good, both
near the pier and the eleetric tramway terminus 3 Bkllbvck, above the
pler» B. IVt-SV*, B. 1, D. lVa-3, pens, from IVg Jt, good.,— OafS Rgitaw
rant Bavaria^ Kaiser-Btr. 58.
Railway Stations. The Rhein Bdhnhof, for the Taunus Railway (to
Kastel and Frank iort) lies on the Rhine, 2()0yds. abore the pier. Bahnhof
Bitbrieh, for the Railway of the Right Bank (Wiesbaden; the itheinfan)
is at Hosbach (p. iiS)^ Aear the If.E. gate of the park^
Electric Tramway from the steamboat - pier to Wiesbaden OBeauiite;
see p. 148), Mayence (p. 154), and Schiersfein (see above). — Local Bteaai«r
to Mayence. see p. 154; pier below that of the large steamens.
River Bathsi: EteJiu^ Schndderhdhn^ both on the Rettbergs-Au.
Biebrich (280 ft), the steamboat-station for Wiesbaden, and now
forming with Moabach (p. 143) one town of 18,980 inh>b., is a
busy place, with various manufactories. At the upper end of the
town Is a School for Non^Commimoned Officers, and J^t ^e fewer
Is the former Palace of the Bukes of Nassau, now in the possession
of the Grand-Duke of Luxembourg, completed in 1706 in the Re-
naissance style. The extensive *Fark contains a splendid chestnut
avenue and other fine trees. The Mcosbitrgy a miniature castle in
mMlBRWALD, i8.B(mte.lS7
ike fivkt ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^0 mediaval style, ocotipies the site
of the imperial palace of Biburk , where Loms the O^noan resided
Ib 874 (fio admission). — From Biebrich to Wiesbaden ^ t1& the
Biebtieh W<a€r To^fi^er (ftne Tiew), see p. 153.
Opposite BiebrlQh lies the ReUifir^-^Au and on the left baak,
law^ 4own, U Amoneb^^ the first E^asiau village, wUh eement
and chemical works. The steamboat next passes between two is*-
lands, the Inpelhtimer Au (Testaufantim>the hunting-*ladge), now
«onaeoted with the mainland to form the winter-harbour of Mayence
(p. 159), on the right, and on the left tiia Peters'AUf over which
passes the new Kaiser Bruckc (930 yds. long; bnilt in 1901-3)
of the Mayeuoe and Wiesbaden line. On the Peters An, at his
summer -residence, the £mp. Louis the Pious, son and successor
of Ghudemagne, expired in 840. His body was conveyed to Jf eti
Slid Int^Red there. On the Ingelheimer Au are the new electric
works of Mayence.
TheateAmboat^pieratMayeaoe is aborethe imposing new bridge,
through the -central arch of whieh the jcteam^ passes.
WU^wc^ see R. 22.
18. The Niederwald.
ZalumU&ahnen (Raek^nd-Ptnien RaHwaift). From Madishekn'io Ihe
MonmsoMit op^e Niederwal4, and from Assmann^auitn to tbe Jagdacblom
in 10-14 min. (faxes, ascent 1 Jfy descent 50 pf.). The former line is usually
dpen from April to the end of Oct., the latter from the middle of April to
the end of Sept. Jonly.^
Qazrlafe-amd^Sai^ fn)m Biidesbeim to the 17iederwald Monument and
^agdechlQss in 2 hra., 1-2 pers. 6, 3-4 pers. 7 Jt^ descending to Assmanns-
hause^, 9 or 10 Jl ; the same, returning along the Bhine, 10 or 11 J| ; from
AMmattiishatiien to^helTiederwald bJS; hy the Kiederwald andJohannis-
b^rg to RikdetheiUi llj^
Bteainev 6-7 times daily in summer between Schloss Bheinstein, Ass-
mannshansen, Bingen, and Biidesheim^ tares 60, 35 pf. Pier beside that
of the Cologne and Diisseldorf boats.
- ^ WHh tha aiBsiftanee of A* mountain^milway, li/a^ hrs. ace suffi-
cient for a vijBit to the Kiederwald (Kiideaheim, ^e monument, the Eossel,
the Jagdschloss, and Assmannshausen, or in the reverse order). Walkers
also require little -moi^ than 2 hrs., although in both cases more time
may be profitably deroted to the e:teur^on.
Tke ^UlederwsM (1080 ^.), a wooded hill, clothed with
vineyaids on its 6. slopes, which are known as the ^Mdesheimer
B6tg^^p.(128), rises finom the RhiHe at the point where theriver quits
tbe Rh«iQga)ii and suddenly turns towai^ the N. It lies at the upper
end Gi the narrow part o^ the river, whieh begins at idie Seven
MoabtaiUB (p. 91), and vies with the latter as a point of attraction
to ^eunionlsts.
¥!B)oa(t RbDlAiamni (p. 181) vo thb Nibdb&waij> MoKxricnNT.
Jifost tra^rellers now use the Baek^and'Pinion Raitway (see above ;
station, p. 131), which ascends gentiy through vineyards, to the
terminus (Jung's Restaurant), about 3 min. from the monument and
138 U.i5.— Afap,p.i57, NIEDBRWALD. NaUMonumerU.
near an old Tlew-temple. The gradient is at first 1 : 12 ; at the top,
before the wood is entered, 1:5.
Walkers reach the monnment in ^/^ hr. either by a snnny path
(closed when the grapes are ripe) through the Tineyardd to the N. of
the railways-station or by the 'Kfihweg\ passing the Roman Catholic
church. The first path ends about 200 yds. to the W. of the mon*
ument, the other leads to the temple.
The ^National JConnmexit on the Niederwald, erected in com-
memoration of the unanimous rising of the German people and the
foundation of the new German empire in 1870-71 , stands upon a
projecting spur of the hill (986 ft. above the sea- level; 740 ft
above the Rhine), opposite Bingen, and Is conspicuous far and
wide. It was begun in 1877 from the designs of Johanne$ SehiUing
of Dresden and was inaugurated with great ceremony in 1883. The
huge basis is 82 ft. high, while the noble figure of *Germaknia, with
the imperial crown and the laurel- wreathed sword , an emblem of
the unity and strength of the empire, is 34 ft. in height. The prin-
cipal relief, on the side of the pedestal facing the river, symbolises
the ^Wacht am Rhein'. It conUins portraits of King WiUiam of
Prussia and other German princes and generals , together with re-
presentatives of the troops from the different parts of Germany,
with the text of the famous song below ; to the right and left are
allegorical figures of Peace and *War, while below are Rhenos and
Mosella, the latter as the future guardian of the W. frontier of the
empire. The fine reliefs on the sides of the pedestal represent the
departure and the return of the troops. The total cost of this
magnificent monument amounted to 1,100,000 Jf (55,000 {.). An
excellent model of it is shewn in the custodian^s house behind
the monument. — The terrace in front commands an admirable
^Survey of the entire Rheingau, bounded on the S.E. by the Taunus
Mts., on the S. by the Melibokus, and on the W. by the distant
Donnersberg.
A finger-post immediately behind the custodian's house indicates
the path, marked on the Map, to (25 min.) the 'RosseV (p. 139).
— The *Tempelweg', beginning at the raEway-statlon, leads past
the back of the monument to (1 M.) the Jagdschloss.
Those who ascend from AssMANNSHiLUssir (p. 128) ei^oy a
more striking development of the views. The station of the Rtdl-
way of the Right Bank lies ^4 M. above the village. From the
Rhine we follow the main street leading through a gateway above
the Anker Hotel. From the steamboat-pier we may also proceed
in a straight direction through the garden of the Rhein-BL6t^
and pass under the railway. About 50 paces beyond the church, to
the right, at the end of the village, is the station bt the Zahnrad-
bahn (comp. p. 1*37). The line ascends the S. side of the valley, the
opposite slopes of which, exposed to the influence of thie morning sun,
yield the esteemed red wine known as A8smannshiiuser(p. 128). At
JagdaehloBB, NHSBBRWALD. Mepyp.lSl.—'lS.BouU, 139
AiUhauHnt about halfway up, the railway turns due S. towards the
Jagdschloss, 100 paces short of which it ends. — Walkers diverge to
the right from the cart-road (which remains in the valley) at a small
shrine (guiderpost) about ^5 ^* ^'om the church, cross the Zahn-
radhahn, and ascend the winding path through wood to (8/4 hr.)
the plateau.
The JagdsehloM (1086 ft.), an old shooting-lodge, belongs to
government, but has been rented to a hotel-keeper of Assmanns-
hauien (R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 3, pens, in the 'Logierhaus* opposite from
6Y2 Ulf}. Picturesque silvan walks in the neighbourhood.
From the Jagdschloss the *Tempelweg' leads direct to the Monu-
ment in 20 minutes. Walkers should select the path leading by the
Roasel. Passing the 'Logierhaus* on the left, they reach in 10 min.
the ZauberhohU or *magic cave*, a small hut with three apertures
commanding views, through clearings in the wood, of the Glemens-
Kapelle, the Falkenburg, and Rheinstein.
About 5 min. walk farther on is the *So8sel (1125 ft. above the
sea, 880 ft. above the river), an artificial ruin on the highest point of
the Niederwald, commanding a beautiful prospect: to the left. Bin-
gen, Hesse, and the yalley of the Nahe, with the Donnersberg in the
background (to the left); to the right the wooded heights of the
Hunsnick (Soonwald). Far below, the Rhine rushes through the
Biii^^loch, past the ruin of Ehrenfels and the Mouse Tower. On
the opposite bank lies Bingen with the castle of Klopp, sheltered
by the Rochusberg. On the right, in the immediate vicinity, rises
Rheinstein, with the Schweizerhaus; farther down stands the
Clemens-Eapelle, beyond it the Falkenburg. — the KUppe^ a point
of view to the W. of and below the Rossel, commands a pictur-
esquely framed view of the Rheinstein, Olemens-Kapelle, Burg Fal-
kenstein, and Trechtingshausen , and is most conveniently visited
from the Zajiberhohle before ascending to the Rossel.
A fl^ger-rpost at the foot of the Rossel indicates the forest^path,
marked on the Map, to (25 min.) the National Monument. Half-
way is the Eremitagc^ an open blockhouse with a picturesque view
of Bingen and the Nahe. At the stone-bench, 5 min. farther on,
we keep to the right. — The National Monument, see p. 138. —
To the Rhine at R&desheim walkers require about V2 ^^'
19. Prom Ooblenz to Mayence.
Bailway on the Left Bank.
671[.BAii.wAximii^hr8.(forea 7 jr 40, SUT 60, SUT tOpf.) express
8 Uif 80, 6 ur 20, 4 ur 30 pf.). — Views to the left.
^ilway on the Bight Bank, see B. 20. Return-ticketa, available on either
bank^ allO# the journey to be broken once in eaefa direction, but mast
be shewn to the railway orficials at the selected stopping -plaee. The
1^ noum9.>-i^,pp.ii2yi2e, oAPiiw-EN.
following are the recognized corresponding stations: (k^dtUn and OberkAn-
ttein; lament and Bravbaeh; Boppard and Camp; St. Ooar .and 8i, Qoar$-
hdnaen; NiederJuiiinhtich and Lorehf Singtn and RSdeaheim; Mapence «nd
Katta (or Wiesbaden, p. 116) i oomp. p. 79. -^ BteambotA, aee B. 17.
Cohlenzj see B. 16. As far as BiAgen the line generally rant
dote to the river, and pattet tfae plaeet more ndnntely detorihed
in B. 17. Many of the beauties of the scenery are of couvte kst te
the railway-traveller.
Beyond Goblenz the line ^iits the Kaithanse (r.), at a little
distance from the river, A view of the island of OI>erwerth and the
fortrest of Ehrenbreitstein it obtained to the left. 3 M. Ctf^Un
(steamb. ttat.) lies at the foot ol the castle of 3tolzenfeU (p. 114).
Opposite are Oberlahnstein and the castle of Lahneok. After pass-
ing the Eontgsstuhl, which rises to the left, the line intersects the
old village of (672 M.) Bhens (p. 116). Fartiier up, on the opposite
bank, is Braubach with the Maiksbuig^ and beyond it the chateau
of Liebeneck.
121/2 M. Boppard (steamb. stat. ; p. 117); 16^2 M. Salzig (p.
119). A little farther on are the castles of Sterrenberg and Lie-
bensteln and the convent of Bomhofen ; still farther up are Well-
mich and the Mouse.
21 M. St. Goar (steamb. stat. ; p. 1^). The sta^on lies on a
height at the back of the town. On the bpposite bank is St. €K>ars7
hausen with the Oat. To the left, farther on, we obtain a viev^ of
the Lurlei. Three tunnels, beyoKid which Is (26V2 M.) OberweBel
(steamb. stat. ; p. 123). We next have a view on the left of Caul),
the Pfalz, and the ruin of Gutenfels (p. 124).
30 M. Baehanich (steamb. stat.; p. 125); 32 M. Nfede^heim-
hath (steamb. stat. ; p. 127) ; 35 M. TrteUingihaustn (p. 1117). On
the opposite bank, Assmannshausen and Lorch successively cbme
in sight. At Bingerbrilck the wider part of the valley Is entered.
38 M. Bingerbr&elrrsee p. i31)li^s on the lef t (Prnssian) bank
of the Nahe, about ^j^ M. firom Bingen, and nearly opposite the
Afowc 2bu>er (p. 129). Travellers bound foit Ei«ett««a<jh (p. 1^5),
SaaifbriLtken/Trdttes, M^tz, etc., ehange carriages here. ^^ 8team^
boattofitW<«A«(wO. 131). Oomp. Map, p. 137.
The train now ciotset the Nahe. ' To ^le left a view «f the
NiederwaYd amd the ruined cattle of Shrenfels (p. 128).
38V2 M. Bing«n (tteamb. ttat.), toe p. 129. The line newtlLirtb
the bate of the Bochutberg (several villat to the right), unitet with
the line from Alzey (B. 35), and begina to diverge from the Bhlne.
41 M. Oaulaheim, — 44 M. 0an«iAf(it)ieii^ is -the^ junction for the
so-called strategic railway to Kreuznach and Miinster am Stein
(15 M.; see p. 169), vrhich is to be continued towards the Qlantal. —
A view of ihe Johaanisberg to the left It'tom^tlmet obtaiiMd, but
the country generally it flat and unlnteTesting.
46 M. Ingelheimy station for the two villages of NUder^lngelkcim
(Hirsch; Krone, B. & B. 2-21/2 UT) and Ofe«r-Jnye»«tm (396 ft.;
INOELHEIM. Map8,pp.l28, 1^.^19. Route. 141
Laiiiiii)j each '^ M. distant. Th6 tteamboat-dtation is at Frei^WeiH'
heim (p. 184). Niedet-Ingelheim wai onee the site of a celebrated
palace Of Oharlemagne, described by ancfent writers as an edfflee
of great magnificence (Memus alta centam perflxa columnis*), to
adorn which mosaics, sculptures, and other works of art were
sent from Rayemia by Pope Hadrian T. between 768 and 784. Ft
wav burned down tn 1270, but wak' restored by Charies IV. in 1354.
Pew relics of the building are noi** extant. The Protestant Chuf(^
of 8t. Remi^UB WaA once the chapel of the palace, but as it has
been repeatedly restored liolhing of the original is now left except
seme parts of the N. transept. The handsome Protestant Church
of Ober-In|:elheliii dates ft»m the 13th century. It was at Ingel-
heim, OB ^st Dec, 1105, that the archbishops of Mayence and
Colore dethroned Emp. Henry IT. The red wine of Ingelheim
is much esteemed. — The Waldech (760 ft), ^2 t'- ^^oYe Ober-
Ingelhefm , commands one of the finest yiews of the Rheingau ;
a Bismarck Tower was erected on the summit in 19(^.
49 M. HeidMheim. From (p1% M.) Buderiheim the Leniaherg
(p. 165) may be ascended in i/jjhr. — 6511. Mombaeh.
'57 M. X«yenee» see R. 22.
20. From Coblenz to Wiesbaden. Sehlangenbad and
Schwalbadb.
Bailway on the Biglit Bank.
661A M. Rax{.wat in 3-8 hrs. (fares 7 UT 00, 5 UT 70, 3 UT 80 pf.; express
8Ur0O,eu»4O, lurOO pf.). Hetnm-tlckcts, eee p. 79. — Views to
the right.
TraveUevs boand for Castal or Frankfort (R. 39a) need not go ^ii
Wiesbaden, as a direct line to these towns diverges between Biebrich'
MoMhaeh and Curve (see p. 1^ ; Map, p. 138).
Coblen% and Ehrenbreitsteinj see R. 16. — The' station for the
Railway on the Right Bank is at Ehrenbreitstein (p. 1 1 1). Passengers
who start from Coblenz (Central Station, p. 106) cross the handsome
railway-bridge (p. Ill) at the island of Oberwerth and join the
railway described below at Nlederlahnstein.
The line from Ehrenbreitstein passes to the left of the old
railway-bridge, and runs at the back of Pfaffendorf (jg. 113), com-
manding a nne view the whole way. — r 2V2 M. Horchheim (p. 113).
4 M. Hiederlahnstein (p. 113), the Junction of the Lahn rail-
way (R.27). In the opposite direction, passengers bound for Coblenz
change caniages here.
The line crosses the Lahn. View of Capellen and Stolzenfels
to tiie right, and of Lahneck to the left.
4^3 Mi Ohetlalmitein (steamb, stat, p. .114). Opposite lies the
villapje ol* Rhenf, with the Konigsstuhl (p. 115).
Tjf^ Braul^aClit wi^h the Markshurg (p. II6). Narrow-gauge
line h'eiite io ffastStten (ZoUhaw), see p. 116. To the right iV<<-
142 R.20.'^Map8,pp.ll2,128. ASSMANNSHAUSEN.
derspay^ and farthei on on the tame bank, below the Haiksbnrg,
Oberspay, — 10 M. OsUrapay (p. 116). Passing the small Tillage of
Filsen, we now obtain a yiew of Boppaid, beantifnlly situated on the
opposite bank. 13^2 ^* Ckirnp (steamb.stat., p. 119), a little above
which aie the pilgrimage-chnrch and convent of Bomhofeny at the
foot of the ruined castles otSterrehbergAnd. LUheruteiH(ih» ^^oth9r$\
p. 119). 171/2 M. Keatert (p. 119), beyond whidi the traia passes
the village of WeUmich , with the ^ Mouse' eas^ rising above it.
Farther on are the extensive ruins of Rheinfels on ^e opposite bank.
21 M. St. Goarihanftan (steamb. stat.), with the ruined castle of
the ^CaV (p. 121). Narrow*gauge line hence to Na$tattcn(2^Uhau$)^
see p. 122. Opposite lies the picturesque little town of St» Ooar.
The train now passes through a tunnel under the LwrUi (p. 122),
and through another under the Bo8$sUin^ On the opposite bank lies
Oberwesel, a picturesq^ue little town, commanded by the Schonbuxg.
28 M. Caub (steamb. stat., p. 124), above which rises the ruin
of Qutenftls. In the middle of the Rhine is the curious old chateau
of the Pfalz. Higher up the river, on the opposite bank, lies the
venerable town of Bacharach, overshadoiwed by the ruin of Stahleck;
then the ruin of Furstenberg and the village of Rhejlndiebach. The
train intersects the village of Lorchhausen,
31 Vs ^* LoTCh (steamb. stat., p. 126). On the opposite bank,
farther up, is Niederheimbach, commanded by the round tower of
the Heimburg ; then the slender ^wer of the Sooneck, the ruin of
Falkenburg, the Glemens-Kapelle, and the picturesque modernised
castle of Rheinstein.
36V2 ^* AsimanHBhaiuen (see p. 128) is the starting-point of a
rack- and -pinion railway to the Niederwald (p. 137). Opposite, a
little higher up, is the mouth of the Nahe, immediately above which
lies Bingen. The train passes belbw the ruin of EhrenfeU, opposite
which lies the island with the Mouse Tower, where the stream is
very rapid.
39 M. B&deiheim (steamb. stat, p. 131), the starting-point of
another raok-and-plnion railway to the Niederwald (p. 137). On the
left rises the Bromserburg. — Opposite rises the Rochusberg, with
its chapel (p. 130).
411/2 M. Geisenlieim (steamb. stat., p. 132). On the hill to the
left are the village and monastery of Eibingen. — 44 M. Oestrich-
Winkel (steamb. stat., p. 134) ; the station is at Mitielheim^ between
these two places'. To the left is Schloss Vollrads. From Winkel to
Johannisberg an easy ascent of 3/4 hr.
461/3 M. Hattonheim (p. 134). On the hill to the left is Hall-
garten, a famous wine-producing place; to the N.E., on the slope
of the Bos , is the still more famous Steinberg , and 1^ the valley
behind is the Abbey of Eberbach, to the right of wbicl^ lies the
Eichberg Lunatic Asylum. To the right are Schloss Reichardtshausen,
and the green islands in the Rhine, — 49 M. Srbaoh (p. 136).
SGHLANGENBAD. Map,p.l2S.^ 20. Route. 143
60 M. Eltrille (steaml). Btat., p. 135); loute to Sohlang&fibad
and Sohwalbachj see below. In the baokground rises the tower of
Schaifenstein (p. 136). The train trayerses vineyards and passes a
number of country- houses. From the hill to the left peeps the
church-tower of Bauenthal (see below). 52 M. Niederfvalluf(jiteamb,
Stat., p. 136); 54^2 M. SeUeratein (jp. 136), where the train begins
to quit the river.
56 M. Biebrioh-XoBbaoh (steamb. stat., p. 136). The N. en-
trance to the park is near the railway-station and the steam-tramway.
On the opposite bank rise the towers of Mayence. Beyond Curve
(p. 242) the train turns inland to the left, running parallel for some
distance with the Taunus line, and soon reaches —
58V2 M. Wieibaden (see p. 146).
SoHLANGBNBAD and SoHWALBACH are most conveniently visited
from Eltville or Wiesbaden*
Fbom Sltyiua to SoHLiKOVBAD, 6 tf., •te«m-tramway in 35 minntes.
— MfHlkf Bee p. 186 and above. The intermediate stations are (2 M.) New
dor/ (495 fl.; Krone), in the valley of tbe Waldaffa; Rauenthaly for the
(ViH.) village of that name (see below); and Tie/enihal (hotel), ah ancient
eonvB^ suppressed in 1803.
Ped^triant should select the somewhat longer route by Bauenthal
C3 hrs.). The highroad is quitted 1 M. from Eltyitle, and the vineyards as-
cended by a footpath to the left (partly closed during the vintaee); on
reaching the summit of the plateau, we torn again slightly to the left;
(25 min.) the Bnbenhiaiier Hfthe (880 ft), commanding a magnificent view
of the entire Bheingau with the town of Bltville in the foreground. About
*/4 M. farther to the IT., on the summit of the hill, is situated Bauenthal
(866 ft ; IfMunur Ho/f BJuingawr Hof; BuknttanU of fke Wins«r Voroin,
all with gardens), a village with an ancient church (15th cent), and cele-
brated for its wine. On the slope of the hill on the K. side of Bauenthal
a shady promenade leads to Schlangenbad in 1 hr.
Schlangenbad. — Hotels, some with gardens and most of them closed
in winter (between the middle of June and the middle of Aug. rooms mu^t
be engaged beforehand). *Botal Bath Houses (KMgliche Kvrhdu$er):
Jfeutauer ffof, with veranda and restaurant, Berliner Hof^ Schteeiterhaue^
Choree, MiMeree^ 4r Unteree Kurhaus^ and Geeelhehc^ftthaue, B. at these 2-18,
B. l»/4, D. 3 UK, pens, in May and June only. — •HdxBL Viotobia, B. 2-15,
B 11/4. D. 8, pens, from T^/sUK; BossiscaBB Eaisbb, B. from IVs) B. I1/4,
D. V/iJf^ these two in the Bheingauer^Str., near the Bath Houfles; HdT.-
Pbns. Obbmania. — Less pretending: WAiDFBnu>BN, on the Wiesbaden
road, a little distant from the Bath Houses, B. 2-6, B. 1, pens. 6-10 UT;
Wbbkbb, Bhbihland, B. from IVzt D. 2-21/2, pens. 41/2-6 UK, both in tbe
Bheingauer-Strasse. — There are also numerous lodging-houses and apart-
ment« to let.
Bottanranta. Bremeer. BheingauorHof^ M fUil-Strasse. with bedrooms to let.
Baths at the upper bath-house Vk •^t ftt the middle bath-house 1 UK
80 pf., al the lower bath-house 2 UK. — Viiitori» Tax (after ten days'
residenee), one pers. 15 UK, etfeh addit pers. 10 UK. — Band 3-4 times
daily. — Bunmer Theatre, twice weekly in July and August.
Carriages, two- horse 5 UK, one-horse SVt UK per hour; to Schwal-
bach 9 or 6, to Wiesbaden 12 or 9 UK. - Donkey, per hour, 1 UK 50 pf.
Snglian Ohnrtfh Bervioe in summer.
Schlangenbad (985 ft.), charmingly situated in a richly-wooded
valley, is annually visited by about 2000 patients, tbe great majority
of whom are women. The water (10 spiing^j 80-86® Fahr.), which
144 BouteW.—Map,p.l28. SOHWALBAOH.
belongs to the eartliy-a^aliDe group of mineral waters, and is clear
and free from odour, is most efficacious in skin complaints, nerrous
affections, and the maladies of women. The Vppet BtftA House oc-
cupies the site of one erected in 1694 by the Landgrave Earl of
Hesse-Cassel, then lord of tb« soil; the Central Bath dates from the
18th cent. ; the well*equipped Lower Bath HOune was completed in
1868. The Schlangen-Quelle and Marien'OuelU are used for drinking.
The environs aflbcd agmat yarlety 6t Bluvdy walks («.^. to the Withehns-
/•Um; via the Hdu-BMiautant BolmmM (p. 153) aad G*9r§enbor» (p. 163)
to the Chausseehaus fp. 153): to the Qraue Stein (1115ft.) and Frau€n$lein
(p. 136); to the Sohe Wvrzd(p. 153); to the Bansmkop/ Sknd the WUde Trait;
vift Mmuen to the ffallgattH' Zanat (p. 134; 2Vs bn.).
The road from Schlangenbad vl& Wambach to Schwalbach risea con-
siderably for 21/4 M., and then descends to (2V4 M.) Schwalbach. Pedestrians
may descend by a shady footpath (sign-posts).
Fkom Wibsbadbn to Schwalbaoh and LiMBVsa, 36 IL, local
railway in ^Va lurs. (fares 4 uT 60, 3 uT 50, 2 uT 40 pf. ; to Schwal-
bach in 1 hr., fares 2. IV2, 1 Jf)- — The railway (p. 146) crosses
the Biebrich and Schleratein road. To the left we hare a view of
Mayence and the plain of the Rhine. To the right are the NoEOberg
and the Platte. — 2V2 M. Waldstraise. — 41/3 M. DotsOtetni (635 ft. ;
hence to the Spitze -Steins p. 136, 8/^ hr.). The line now leads
through wood. — 7 M. Chauneehaua (ddOft*), see p. 153; omnibuses
run to Georgenbom in connection with some 6{ the trains. — The
line now skirts the E. slope of the Schlaferskopf (p. 153). BVj M.
Eiseme Hand (1380 ft.), on the top of the Taunus, whence we may
walk in a N.£. direction to the Platte (p. 152) vi& the Altenstein
(1643 ft.) in IV4 hr., or ascend the Hohe Wurzel (p. 153). ^
The line descends into the valley of the Aqr and follows it to
(IOV2 M.) Hahn-Wehen (1144 ft.), BUidenstadt (12 M.), and —
15 M. Schwalbach. — the &aii.wat Station (9^ ft.) is about
1 M. from the Kursaal, on the road descending the Aar valley. Votor-
omnibnses (20 pf.) and carriag^et await the trains.
Hotel* (most of them closed in winter). ^All^ksaal, Keue-Str. 1, with
d^pendances, Villa Or9bert and ViUa Oartsnlattbei first -class, B. from 4,
B. IVs, P. 4Vt« pens, from 13 UV; ^Hebzoo vom Nassau, Keue-Str. 6,
B. from 8 •#, B. IV4, D.dVz, pens, from 8,#; *H6tkl MfrTROPOi.9, Beit-
AU^e 2, with four d^pendances, B. 2Va-10, B. i% D. 3V2, pens. 9-16 Jtf
'^QuBLLBNHov A PosT-HoTBL, Briumen-Str. 53, with garden, B. 2VrB< B. 11/4,
D.3V21 pens, from 8 UK; *yiCTOBiA, Keue-Str. 2, with cafd and conleotioiiw^S)
B. 3-6, B. 1 ur 40 pf., D. 3, pens. 8-12 Jit CowmvrAh, Bad -Wee 8,
B. 2i/«-3V«, pens, from 1 JH; Taunus, Brunnen-Str. 45, B. from 2, B. IV4,
D. 6, pens, from 8 UT; Waovbr, Oobleozer-Str. 20, B. 2*6, ». 1, D. 2V«,
pens, from QVaJl; Bussisciun Ho?^ Adplf-atr. 38 (open in winter), B. 2-2i/i,
pens. 5-7 Jtf Bbrlinss Hof, Bronaen- Str. 83. -* Some of the Lodging
JSouMi ('Kurhauser") are very comfortably fitted up. In July and August
it is advisable to seeure rooms in advance.
Bestanrants. * Kursaal. D. 2i/s-8Vt, 8. iVz UT; *Daie, at the BerUner
Hof; *Bibo (LdtDgnbwgk with a few bedrooms, Brunnen-Str, 4, D. 2 Ul;
Gartenlaube; Weidenho/, Kirch •< Str. 2, D. IV2 Jfj very fair; Malepartut*
Brunnen-Str. 43, also rooms. "^
?0st and telegrapih Olfie«, Bhein-St«. 1.
SOHWALBAOH. Map,p,128.^20,RouU, 145
Bafht in the K6nigliche$ Badhaut. Bnumen-Str. 20 (6 ft.m. till 1.90 p.m.,
bathfl from 1 UT 20 pf. to 8 Jf), At the Stadt Coblent, Linde, Zum Linden-
brutmen, etc., 1 «# 20 to 2 UTSO pf. per bath.— FM^or*' Tax: 1-2 persons 12 Jt
each, erery additional member of a party 8 Jl; ^BrvnnenkarW* for drinking
the waters 2Vs Jf; Daily Tickets for admission to the Eurhaus Vs Jf. —
Music in the morning and afternoon , at the Stahlbrunnen , the Wein-
brunnen, and the Trinkhalle alternately. Reunions (dancing, etc.) Wed.
and Sat. erenings in the Eurhans.
Carriages. One-horse 2V2, two-horse 4 Jf per hour, afternoon 8 and
6 UT; to EltvilU 9Vt and 15 Jf, — Donkeys 2 J( per hour.
English Ohuroh (Christ Church)^ Fzankftirter-Str.
SehwMaeK, offleially styled Langtn-Sehwalbaek (1033 ft.), with
2837 inhab., is situated in a beautiful green valley, 9^2 M. to the N. of
Eltyllle (p. 143). It has been known for at least 300 years, and was
a fashionable watering-place in the 17th and 18th centuries, hut is
now regarded more as a health-resort and medicinal spa. The water,
strongly Impregnated with iron and carbonic acid , is adapted for
Internal and external use, and is especially efficacious in nervous and
female complaints. The annual number of visitors Is about 5000.
The two principal springs, the Stahlbrunntn in one of the
Talleys, and the WeinJbmnntn In the other, are connected by prom-
enades. The other springs are used only for bathing. A handsome
KwrtadL^ with a restaurant, a reading-room, etc, was opened in
1879. Farther up, beyond the pond near the Weinbrunnen, there
are extensive lawn-tennis courts.
Walks in the pleasure-grounds and adjacent woods. Also to the
(V4hr.{ donkey b(i ^ty Paulinenberg ; the Platte (1830 ft.), the summit
of which, with a fine view, may be reached in 15-20 min. more; and the
Brdunehesberg^ with a pavilion commanding a good view of the town and
the valley of the Aar. — A road, known as the ^B&der-Strasse^ and recom-
mended to cyclists, leads vi& Eemel (1696 ft.), Holzhausen avf der Beide
(p. 122), Singho/en, and Ifassau (p. 217) to (2372 M.) Ems (p. 218). A good
road (also a favourite of cyclists) leads from Schwalbacb down the
picturesque •Valley of the Wisper to (20 M.) Lorch (p. 126).
The railway continues to follow the pretty valley of the Aar. —
16Vj M. Adolphseck (Kling), with a picturesque ruined castle ; I91/2M.
Hohenatein (780 ft. ; Burg Hohenstein, very fair, pens. 3 Y2-^ Jf i
Villa Alpin), with the picturesque ruins of a stronghold destroyed
in 1657. Several small stations. — 261/2 M. Zollhaus (Railway
Hoiel)y junction for the narrow-gauge line to Nastatten (St. Goars-
hausen, Oberlahnstein, p. 122), has a large cement-factory and
the JciMiMiUtbrunnen, a spring exploited by the ApoUinaris Co.
"p. 98). Burg^Schwdibaeh, with a ruined castle (restaurant, pens.
'1/2-41)2 Jf), 1 V4 M. to the S.E., and the romantic ruin of HoUenfeU
K 122) may also be visited from Zollhaus. — 2872 M. Hahnstdtten
165 ft.; Nassauer Hof, unpretending), with iron-ore deposits (sider-
itea). — 291/2 M. ObemcUen; 31 M. Flacht. To the right is the
ruin of Ardedi. — 33Vs M. Diett, see p. 219. — 36 M. Limburg,
see p. 219.
BASDBna's Rhine. 16th Edit. 10
is
146
21. Wiesbaden.
Bailway Stations (untU the opening of the new station, PI. D, E, 8,
in 1906 or 1907). 1. Taunu* Station ^1. E. 6; restaurant), Bhein-8tr.,
for the Taunus Railway to Kastel (Mayence) and Frankfort (R. *?9a). —
2. Rhine Station (PI. E, 6; restaurant), Rhelnbahn-Str., for th© Eailtviy of the
Right Bank (R. 20) and the Schwalbach Railway (p. 144). — 3. Ludtoiff Station
(PI. E, 6), Rhein-Str., for the line to Kiederhausen ^ankfort-Limhui^;
R. 29 e). — The hotels do not send omnibuses to meet the trains. Gabs, see
p. 148). — Tourist Agency : Schottenfelt, Theatre Colonnade. — SteemiboBti
stop at Biebrich (p. 136} electric tmnway, see p. 148).
Hotels (most of the first-^lass houses prorided with eleyators, hot-air
heating, electric light, and thermal baths). ^ITassaubb Hof (PI. a', £, 4),
Kaiser-Friedrich-Platz and Wilhelm-Str., with d^pendance ffHiel Otanien
(PI. f, E 5 ; Bierstiidter-Str. 2a), R. 3-10, B. l^^, D. (1 p.m.) 4, pens, from 9 Jff
^oTBL Ckoilik (PI. g; E, 4) Wilbelm-Str., R. from 3, pens, from 10 •#;
*Pai.a8t HdTEL (PL n: D, 4), Kranz-Plate 1, with good restaurant, R.
from 4, board 7 J( ; ♦H6tel Bosb fPl. c and 1; E, D, 4), at the comer of
Taunus^tr. and Krana-Platz, R. 4-12, B. IV2, D. (1 p.m.) 4, pen». fkH)m 11 •#;
^6tbl WiLHKLMA (PL v; £, 4), at the corner of 8<umeiibe]:ver-Str. and
Wilhelm-Str., with terrace and good reataurant, R. from 5. B. IJ^, D. (1 p.m.)
41/2, 8. (from 7 p.m.) 3, pens, from 12 UK; •Kaisebhof (PI. tj F, 6), Frank-
furter-Str. 17, with a large garden, connected by a covered nassag^ with the
well-equipped Angtuta Victoria Bad (p. 150), B. 412, B. Vky I>. (i p.m.)
41/2, S. 3, pens. 10-20 Jt; *B6t. dd Paro et Bkistol (PL v; B, 5), Wilhelm-
Str. 30, with garden, R. from 6, B. IV2, D. 4V2, hoard from 7 Jf; *Mfi-
TROPOLB (PL u; E, 6), Wilhelm-Str. 8, with restaurants (p. 147) and depend-
anoe Bdtel MonopoU (PL A; E, 6), R. 3-8, B. 1 uK 40 pf., D. (I p.m.) 8i/^
pens. 9-12 UK; *Hohknzollbbn (PLw; E, 5), Paulinen-Str.lOs •ViebJahbks-
ZBiTEN (PL b; E, 4), Kaiser-Friedrich-Platz 1, R. from SVi, B. l»/2, d^. 3,
D. (1 p.m.) 4V2, S. (7 p.m.) 3, pens, from 9 UK; •H8t. Qdisisana (PL q 5 F, 4),
Park-Str. 5, with several d^pendances, a well fitted up family hotel, R. 4-12,
B. IV4, d<j. 3, D. (1 p.m.) 4, pens. 9-20 UK.
The following are somewhat less expensive: *H6tbl Astoria (PL o;
E, F,4); • Hotel iMPftsiAL (PL*; F, 4), R. 2V2-6, B. IV4, D. (1 p.m.) 3,
pens. I'ilJt; *Fubstenhof (PL/; F, 4); *H6t. Villa Rotalb (PL r; F, 4),
all these in the Sonnenberger-Str. ; * Hotel d^Anqlbtebbb (PI d; D, 4),
Kranz-Platz 11, R. 3-7, B. IV4, D. 3, pens. 8 12 UK; 'HStel Aegib (PL zj E,5),
Thelemann-Str. 5, in a quiet situation; Victoria (PL x*, E, ^, corner of
the Rhein-Str. and Wilhelm-Str., R. 8-8, B. IV4, D. SVf*, pens, from 8 UK;
Hot. Continental (PL e ; D, 4), Langgasse ; Hotel Bellbvub (PL y. E, 5),
Wilhelm-Str. 26-, H6t. IJizza, Frankfurter-Str. 28, near the Augusta Victoria
Bad, R. from 3, B. 1, D. 3, board from 5 UK; ^Hotbl St. Pstbbsbubo
(PL h ; B, 5), Museum-Str. 8, frequented by Russians, E. 2-6, B, l>Ai_I>. 3,
pens. 8-12 UK; ""Bhein-Hotel (PL r; E, 6), Rhein-Str. 16 i •MinjsbVa (PL «»;
B, 6), Rhein-Str. 9, R. 3 5, B. 1, D. 2V2, board from 5 UK.
Second Class: Peomenade Hotel (P1.i>; E, 5), Wilhelm-Str. 24, R. 2-4,
B. 1, pens, from 5 UK; *Dahlhbim (PL d; D, 3), Taunus-Str. 15, with
restaurant, R. 2-4, B. 1, pens. 6V3-8 UK; "'Katiokal, Taunu8-Str. 21, pens.
5-8 Jij with restaurant ; H5tbl d'Edropb, Langgaase 32, with beer-restau-
rant, R. 21/2-5, B. 1, D. (1 p.m.) 2V2, pens. 7V2-12 UK; Alleesaal (PI. e;
E, 4), Taunas-Str. 3, opposite the Kochbrunnen (to be reopened in 1906);
Hambpbqeb Hof (hdtel garni-, PL h; E, 8, 4), Taunus-Str. 11 j •RrrrBB,
Taunus-Str. 45, pens. 5-8 UK; Fdhb (PL g; B, 3), Geisberg-Str. 3, with
restaurant; Savoy (PL «; D, 4), Baren-Str. 3, with thermal baths, Jewish}
Bblgisokbb Hof, Spiegel gasse 3; Westfalibobbb Hof, Schiitzenhof-Str. 3,
R. A B. 3-4, D. 21/2, pens. 6V2-8UK; Schutzhnhof (PL s; D,6), SoWitzen-
hof-Str. 4, with thermal baths and garden- restaurant ; Bemdsb, H'afner-
gasse 10, with thermal bath, R. & B. 2V2-5, pens. 4V2-7 UK; RftWNSTWN,
Taunus-Str. 43 ; Hahk, Spiegelgasse 15, R. 2-3, B. 1, pens, from 6 UK; Bbao-
BACH, Saalgasse 3i, with restaurant.
♦•
iM'ia- STJaseil*-
T^T — y^^A '■" *'T^~T^~x — ""'^ "
^|5*^^^bes"T»ifS| 1
Tbe loUawiBg hotels aro mainly frequented bT pvsing trayeUen : aKiinss
WAX.D (PI. k; D, 5), Markt-Str. 10, well fitted np^ HdTS^ Wbins, Bahnkof-
Str- 7 (PI. D, 6K R. froni I'Ai B. 1, puis, from 5 ^ \ Hotkl TanithIusjuk,
Bahnhof-Str. 8, witk reaUurant, B.l2-2Vs, B. 1, pens. b-Q^/tJf; EniBOiiir,
Markt-atr. 33 % Umioji, Neugaaae 7 (PI. D, 5), with wine-poom, R. 2-2V«,
p^ns. 4-5 UK; HOtel Vookl. Rhein-Str. 27, opposite the Taunus Station,
tritU restaurant, &. 2-3, B. 1, pens. 6-7 UK; Rkighbfost, l^ikolaus-Str. 161,
near the Rhine StatloiK R. 2-3, D. from iVs, pens, from iVsUK; Schwxiks-
BEiio, Rheinbahn-Str. 6, R. * B. 2V«-3 U|. — Cheistliches Hosnz, Rosen-
Str. I rPi. F» 6), and Oranien-Str. 53 (PI. D. 7), R. 2-7, board 3'/a UT.
. Ouiside the town (adapted for summer- quarters), all with open-air
restaurants: Kerobeb(» (803 ft.; PL B, C, Ij p. 152), B. 2V2-8, B. V/* ©• 3,
pens, fipom 7V« Jf: Bahsuolz (865 ft.j to the N. of PI. E, 1; p. 152), R. 2-4,
pen^. 5 8 UK; Waldbck (N.W. of PI. A. 2, 3), Aar-Str., in the Adams-Tal
(p. 158)} WiLOfeLMSHfiHB, On the Bingert (p. 153), IQ min. aboye Sonnen-
berg. -> H&UlHutaurtmt Taumublick^ see p. 153.
. Bath W»imea O^lso hotels and pensions). Schwaui^eil Bqc£, KmiLz-
^lats 12 (PI. D, 4), S. 9i/r8, B. 1, board bJ$; KAieaEa^D (PL k; E. 4«5>,
Wilhelm-9tr.42, B.a>/s-5i/s, pens.7Vs^lOV2UV; Romsbbad iPl. um D,4), Koeli-
t)^nnnenrP)ats 84 Hdr, Adlbb A Badhaus zdb Kbome (PL v^ B^ 4). Lftni;-
gasseSQ) Zdh 8pibobl(P1. q^ D,4), Eranz-Plats 10; Piiitisiiiq Hihtj Spiefrril-
gasse 9, R. 2V«-3V«, B. 1, D. (1 p.m.) 2, pens. incl. baihi- 6 7Va U^i 'K^l-
nsgiiBli Hor, Kleine Burg-8tr. 6, R. 3i/s-5, B. 1, pens. i^yi-i2 Jt ; Wn-t^sEA
Rose, yochbnwnen-Platz 2, R. 2V«-t)^/«UK. -r Private BoUU in (heTaunus-
Str., <^aisbei^-Str., Eranz-Platz, etc.
Benalont (mosttj near the Kor-Park, PI'. E, F, 4, 5)i FHuion Internationale
(Mrs. Somervine and Ifia^ Gr .' ' V Mainzer-Str. 8 (5-8 UK); y'Ola Hertha
(Miss Rri<W&f and Frl. Aodr^il, > er Strasse 3 (4i/t-8 UK), highly spoken
of. In tbe ^UDeDht^^or^trnl^rj: H^.'i■:^'Pimi%on Biemer^ Ka. 11 (Gyt-lo UK);
iTordfoa, No. 10 (1^1^^^ Jt)\ fiUa Frmzeettm Louiee, Ko. 15 ; Winter. Ko. 14
(7-11 UK h Kiipr^chl, Jfi>. 17; Oerviania, No. 25 (6-10 UK)i Villu Bortueia,
No. 29 {ifom 7 uK). Thurini^ia, T&uQqis-Str. 49 (7 12 UK); JToMtfr ITtfAeJm,
Paulinen-atr. 7; RHd /EiJHiaj G^rlenSir. 1; FSoIeMa, Oar ten-Str. 3; Windsor^
Leberber^ 4 mVrlO uKlt ^'■^'a OlaPtd^j, Garten-Str. 18 (61/2 12 UK); Oohmbia,
€Urtsn-gtr. 14 ^ Primaiiwra^ BiaFniM' te-Weg 5 (7-12 UK); JionhUou, Brath-
Str. il; ntla Monrepot^ Fmakfiirter-^tr.B (5-lOUK); Villa Grandpe^y Bssser-
Str. |3, ond otber^. At Wieaba4?a ah. arirangement should always be made
as to tha leq^th of nniJLe requirtid from yisitors leaving a pension.
Reatanranta. *(kwU<my Wilhelm-Str., well fitted up (concerts at midday
and in the evening), D. 31/2, 8. 2% Jit *M4trepole, D. 2Vs, 8. 2 UK, both
these in ^e B|teT M^tropole (p. 146), Wilhelm-f^tr. ; *Kurhami (Paulinen-
Schloss; p. 15()), with wine-saloon (3. 4 UK) and beer-saloon (8. 2 UK);
*Fofer-Re$tawatU, in the royal theatre (p. 149; also good wine), all these
of the first elitss. — *F0r9t Bitmarck, Luisen-Str. 2i Rattkeller, in the
Batbans (p. 160; entr. from the Markt-Str.), D. IVrSuK (badly ventilated);
Rlienieh Wi$u Boom, Spiegelgasse 4, often crowded at midday in summer;
iM«r, Luisea-Str. 12. —■ WUe. *P<aih Michelsfoerg 10; RMnff€mer Winter-
simb0 (depot of the Winsei^Yerein), Bahnhof-Str. 5. — *Co»timemtal Bodega^
Wilhehn-Str. 18; Centrai Bodega, Untere Webergasse 28 (also Engl. beer). —
Beer. *MuU»r Bngel, Langgasse 46, D. iVi-^i/s Uf; •EuropiiiMeherffof(fi. 146),
with termed; GrOur Wald (see above), Markt-Str. 10; DeuteeHr Setter, at
the Rheia-Hotel (p. 146), D. from IVt UK; J\>auy Langgasse U ; Friedrieke.
hof^ Friedrich^Str. 85; Krokodil (with bedrooms to let), Luisen-Str. 37
D. 11/4 UK. — Ope»-Air Bestaurante outside the town, see pp. 151, 152, 153.
OaHk. *aa/i SohMtollern^ Wilhelm-Str. 8 (also beer); *Blttm, Wilhelm-
Str. 40; *BerHft»er J7o/, Taunns-Str. 1, vrith garden (also beer); ICurhatu and
open-air eiMRSs, see above. — Oonfeetiensfrs. Ca/i Bhun (see above); Leh-
moMi, Wilhelm-Str. 42 and Grosse Burg-Str. 14.
'tiaitors* tax. The foUotving tariff is paid for admission to the Kurhaus:
(a) For a pear: % person 80 UK, for families, each additional pers. iOJf. —
(b) For tix weeU: 1 person 15 UK, for families, each pers. additional 5 ^. —
10*
148
RouU 21\
WIESBADEN.
PraetieaH Ndtea,
(e) For ft day, 1 UK. Extra -tieketa required for large garden -f8tea, etc.
Tbe following charges are made for ttie use of the Kochhmnnen : diily
tickets 10 pf., qnarteily 3, yearly 5 UK. — The Knrrerein (office in the
Kavsaal) will supply 'Visiters with any information they may desire.
Sanatoria. DUtenmOhU (PI. G, 3), Park>Str. 44 (Dr. WatzoMt); Kur-
haits Eden (Dr. Schmielaa A Dr. Friedlander), Schdne Aussicht 30 (PL 1%
3, 4); Bad Iferotah at the entrance to the l^erotal (PI. C; 2*, Dr. von Herff
ft Dr. Schubert-, R. 2-8, board 4 Jf); Dr, Rxttt M1iUer*t Kuranttalt^ Taunus-
Str. 49; in these baths of all kinds, treatment by massage, electro-
therapy, fiic.\ lAndenhof (Dr. van Meenen), Walkmfihl-Str. 43 (v\. A, 3). —
Besides the above-mentioned, there are several other establishments for
nervous complaints, maladies of the eyes, etc.
Theatrea. * Royal thtatre (Pi. E,4«, seep. 149), for opera, drama, and
ballet} closed in July and August. — Raidint'theater (PI. D, 6), Bahnhof-
Str. 20, for modern plays and fkrces, good} Walhalla (PI. D, 6), Hauritius-
Str. la, a theatre of varieties.
Ooneerta in the Kwham dallyt 4-6.30 and 8-9.80 p.m.; idso'in summer
at the K^oKbrunnm^ 6.80-8 a.m. (50 pf., 10 tickets 8 JV; free to subscribers
to the Kurhans). — Orehettral (Jimeerta in winter in the Kurhant (ev. Frid.
from Nov. to Feb. ; 5, 4, 3 UK) and at the R^val Theatre (six symphony
concerts). The Verein der Kiinstler utid Kwulfreunde gives concerts of
chamber music in the Victoria Hotel.
Ezhibitioas of Tietuves. R. Bangery Tannus-Str. 6, Fietof, Taunus-
6tr. 1, adm. at both 1 UK; NaaauUcher KvMtverein^ in the Kusenm (p. 151),
adm. free.
Cyoling Tratka. JET. Qr^n^ Xaiosei^Str.^ SioU. AdolCshdha {», IHt). —
Lawn Tennia Oanrta. Btumenwieee (PI. G, 4), in the Kur-aartea; BeamiU
(p. 152)) Sport-PlatM dee Eiekhtbe^ in the Wolkenbruch fPl. A, 1).
CNfcb Tariir (double fkres from 11 p. m. to 6 or 7 a. m.).
Drive in the town or to any of ike villas as far as
the Dietenmiihle
1-2 persons.
3-4 persons
By time: per hour within ihe town, 1-4 pers. >
- beyond - - - - . .
Beauslte I (In each case tbe hirer may keep
Russian (Thapel I the cab for >/« hr. and them re-
Neroberg or Fasanerie f turn at half these fares } each
Biebrioh J additional Vt br. 80fi0 pf.)
To Iferoberg, Platte, and back^ with stoy of iVs hr.
To Schlangenbad, \ift Biebrich ft Raueathal (i/»day) .
To Schwalbach and back (whole day)
To Schwalbach, and back by Schlangenbad ...*..
To Eppsteia and Eonigstein, and back (1 day)
Trunk 20 pf., smaller articles free. — To or from the railway-stations
20 pf. extra.
The Tazameter Oaba, recognised by their red wheels, have a special
tariff. 1-2 pers. up to ca. Vs M. 60 pf., each additional >^ M. 10 pf. ( 34 pers.
up to ca. Va M. 60 pt, each addit. 1/4 M« 10 pf. ; to or from the railway-
stationa 26 pf. extra, trunk 25 pf. ; extra charges outside the town also.
Bleotrie Tramways (most of the lines meet at the Tannus Station ; transfer-
tickets). 1. (with yellow board): From Jfayends (Stadthalle) vit AmSne-
burg, Biebrleh (p. 18»), AdolfshOhe (p. 153), Rondel (PI. D, 8), Adolfs-Allee
(PI. D, 7, 0; returning by the Iforits-Str.), Ihe Railway Stations (PI. £« 6),
WilheLtn-Str., and Kockbrunnen to Betweite (PI. B, 1, 3), 2 min. fyfxm the
terminus of the Keroberg railway (p. 1§2>. Last car at 11^ (back 12 ukid-
night) *, branch-line from Biebridb to Schierstein. — 2* (rad board) : From
the Langenbeck'PkU* (PI. F, "0 via the Taunug Railway Station^ Eirch-
gasse, and Kranz-Platz, to Sonnenberg (p. 153). — 3. (bine board): From
the Maineer-Strasee vXt the Taunus Station (Pi. B, 6) and the Schloss-Hats
to UAter den JSiehen (PI. A, lip. 153). — 4. ferecn board): From the Tawiiu
Station via the Rlngkirche CPl. B, C, 6) to the ErMer-Btraeu (PI. B, C, 4),
One-h.
Tno-h.
UKpf.
M^l,
— 60
-90
-SO
1 10
2-
3 —
280
4 —
1 —
160
1 70
2 —
240
8-
3-
4 —
8 —
11-
13 60
17 -
16--
18 60
16-
20 —
26 —
82-
MitPfty, ■•: WIESBADEN. SI,Bou(*. 149
O'
J o» ia swniftdr l)etvf6eii A »ii4 T ».in. to Ui^ 4en,JSich^, — 6. ^wMt6
^) : From the HitiffHrche to the Infantry Barracks. — ,6. (under con-
#trnctiOD>: Prom Biimarekring to Doizheitn (eomp. PI. C-A, 6; p. U4). ^
Bost Ml Sel^raph Ott«e (m. &, 6), Rhein-Str, 25.
.^1^;^^ QTv^xch ( SU AMffUsiifu!$Xt FraiULfarter-Str. 8; services at Sand
11 a.ni. and 5 p.m. (sammfer 6 p.m.). Chaplain. Rev. E. J. Treble. Kaiser-
Trt(i£i<ai.Klng 86. ' ' ■ ■
W^lfMen (385 ft. above the sea^Ievel, OO'ft. above tlie^RMne)»
with 100,956 inhab., lies on the S.W. spurs of the'Tatinus Mts.,
in a basin surrounded by orchards and vineyards. The pleasant
tow*, with its attractive public grounds and beautiful environs, is
annually visited by upwards' of 150,000 patients and travellers.
The excellenoe of its sanatory Establishments, ooupled with the
nitldness of thd climate (mean annual temperature 51* Fahr.),
rettderij it a favourite resort of strangers, even in winter. When
living is 'moreover \tki expensive *Aan in summer.
Witi^aOen, the Rottati Aquas MamHeofwn^ waas one of the Bonian forts
to lUfend ^e* frontier of thelVain and may have existed as sncliirom the
time of Prasns, It was already a considerable settlement ii^ the beginning of
the first century of our era (canab«, see p. IfiO). This was probably destroyed
py the Mattiaci in 69-11) A.I>., but had again attuned prosperity at the end
or the century -as the chief place of the Ctv'tag Mattiacorwn. In the reign
of Domltian me Wiesbaden castle was still one of the advanced defences
of Hayence, but Hadrian removed the garrison (Cohors II. Rsetorilm) to
the Saalbnrg (p. ^44). Pliny (Hist. Kat. xxxi. 2) refers to the warm springs
in the following words : *^8vnt Matiiaci <h Qerjnania fontes talidi trans Uhe-
numy yuoVHwi haustus tri^uo fervtt. — In the Frankijh period imd later
'Wisibada* appears as fhe capital of a district called *Ednigssutadra-Gaa\
It was the capital of 'the Counts of Kassau-Idstein and Kassau-Usingen
from 1855 onwards, and of the duchy of l^assau ftam 1816 to 1866.
.From the Bailwajt Stations (PI, E, 6) the traveller crosses the
Rfifein-Str. (p. 151) and enters the WUhelm-Strasse (P1,'E, 6, 5, 4),
th^CorSo of Wiesbade^, planted with trees and flanked with hotels,
attlraetiVe shops, and t|ie Museutii (p. 151). To the right it is ad-
joined by the Wllhelms-Platz fPl. IB, 5, 6), wtth a bronze Statve of
BUmarck^ by Herter (1898), aird by the Anlagen, or public pleasure-
grounds, of thQ; Warme Damm (PL E, 5), in which rises Schilling's
Mofmmmt to Emp. WiUiam L (1894). <— The Boyal XhiMtvtt
(PL E, 4) was built in 1892-94 by Ftttner and Hellmcr (new* foyer
by emaim^r, 1902). T«the 8. of it stands a 'Mmtmiint to SehiUtr
by Upbaes (1905), and to the £. are two oolnmns of the old Kurhans.
At the end of the avenue, to the left, lies the Kai8&]1'-Fbibi>bxoh-
PZrATE (PL fi, 4), adorned witH a bronze <9fcitue of Emp. I^tdtrkk III.
by tJphues (lS9i7). ' — On the^ right Is the EvA»AAii«PLATz, em-
bettfished with flower-^ beds and two fountains, and flanged by
spacionr Dorle Cokmnad^ (Pl.-E^ 4), which serve as a bazaar. The
at^ Kuthdv^ he^e,' now being b«ilt from Thiersoh^ plans, is ex-
pected to be flnislied In' 1907. In' tfa^ new colonnade is the entrance
la the Eoyal Theatre (see aibtvei)* Jcbove the old colonaAde Is&bronze
bust of thepoe^ jloda«s<«l<, who^ died at Wiesbaden in 1892.
The ^w^^mth-. (PL E, F, 4, a, 4^3) is a favourite afternoon
pr<»ae]i«de.);Alo»ii^^ withja jet lOQ Itv ia ]»ei«^t plays in the
150 RauU^i. WI£SBAt>^7. Kram^Ftak.
great pond every aftemoon. In tb* open garden* '^ a sUtte df
Oustqv Freytag(\>y feclii^er, 1906), wtw) died in Wiesbadjen in 189p,
On the Blnmen-Wiese are la^n tennli oovrts; **— Io^6&Bt.ef the
Ktir-Park lies the handsomeirt residential quarter bf the td^fc, *with
numerons attractive villas and gardens, especially in th^,,JParkr
Stiasse, Rosen-. Stoaase, and ^ln]p^n^3tra98e, and , |^» i^vusta
Victoria Bad (PI, F, 6), a ha,nd6ome ^naissance hni^^^g. ^f e<;te4
in 1890-94 (visitors admitted; lUf). ■ /, v ^^-^ \ n'
To the N. of the Kursaal-fjlatz, pn Uie hill ahp^e the Son^n*
berge^f-Str. (p. 153), is the Pattiifi<in-A5AZ<)«(P1,E, 4), vhichj serves
aa n tempo^i^ry Kurhaus. Besitaurants. and concerta se^^ pp^; 147, 14£).
From the N. end of the Wiljjelw.- Str. the TAUNiys-STB.^^
(PI. D, E, 3, 4) runs to the li. towards the Ne^q^l (isompf Pv^o!4
To the left standi the TrinkhiOle (PL D, 4), huiit l>y BogUx in
1888*'90 ioid consisting, of a -central pavilion sad thjree eoJsQnnades
enclosing a garden. Visitors drink the?' waters here from % tft i
to 8a.m, and at intervals throughout the day (concetts, se6p,i48).
Below the central pavxUon is the KocKbrunnen, > ttie combined outpo?:^?
of 15 h(it springs, which rise within an area of a few sq.uare yards a^4
yield about oOOO gallons per hour; from these the adj»<'ent bath houses
are supplied* The water has a natural temperature of 166" Fahr. and con-
tains 8.76 per cent of solid matter, chiefly chloride of soaium. The extendi
use of the waters" is beneficial in cases of rheumatism, g0ut„ neuralgia^
and otiier nervous diseases. InternaUy Uiey are prescribed for chxonic dys-
pepsia, excessive obesity, etc. In Addition to the Kochbrunnuc^ ^hich,
however,, Is almost entirely used for drinking, ,iher« are no fewer than
23 bathing- springs, the chief of which, are the Schnt^nhoi:-;Q^eI^e and, the
Adler-Quelle. „ , j
In the,KaANz-Pj.ATz (PI, D, 4), behind the Kochl?]funften^,4s a
marble Hygitia Group. The Langgasse (PI* X>t 4, 6), whioli issues
from the,Kranz-Platp, And^^ the first cross-stieet to tlie leff^ tii^
XJntere"^ebergas8e, are tte main streets of the oldp^yt of the towi>.
In the former a n^vf Munic^al Baith Bouse is under constructlpn. ,
On the slope of the Beidenbergy to tbeW. above the I,angga8s6, stretches
the so-called Eeideninauer ('heathens "wall'', P). D, 4)V aline of Boman
nasonry, 6&fk. long, 16 ft. high; and 9il. ikiek. It was^robabiytpani xt(
the dei;enoes -erected under BiOAletian- soon after 300 4^-
At the eud^ the Langgasse we tufn to t^ left, «Iong the liUrkt-*
Str., cross the ScBxoas-PLiLTz md the MAits'E^PLi^'ra (PI. D, £, 5),
and regain the Wilbelm-Ste. (p. 149). t .>.
The royiil (formerly dnsal) Pal»«« (PI. D, b\ on tte V>i*l#^
of the Sohloss-Plaijs, was built by (^oew'in 1837-_4(), and renova^d in
1883. Visitors are admitted daily fjfoin 10 to 4, Off 6 (a4m.a5 pf.>4
The interior is adorned with statires by SchmmfiMer^ .fcesqoee hy
Poase, ani pictunres by modern masters* r^ Adjoining it is th« WUr-
helm^BtaaH9taU\ or mjllitai^ hospital, iJ^uiU by Hoffmann (1871)^
The Bathtrus (PI. D, t) is ahanidsoMeDnlldtng in' the (3<en»aif
Renaissance style, eteetMIn 1884^7 fibm ii«uScf%»iMef*< designs.
On the balcony above the flight oSf sfepi atfe) stonfts^Sff'foiir eivic
yirti^es. -^ The bare ^rkt-Kircht^^. ifi,> 5 1 finn^)^ 'luUt^f'^Htlieel
UliiHum. WIESBADEN. 21, Route. 151
bricks in 1853-62, harfllTd towets (the prineii^al nearly 300 ft. high).
The adjoining Bigh School for Oiris, a handsome 6K)thio edlft^^e in
sandstone, was bailt by Genzmer (1901).
The MwWMtt (PI. B, 5), Wilhelm-Ste. 20, occupying a building
erected hfZaU in 1813-17 &A a palace for tiie crown-prince, con-
tains the mpnicipal ptcture-gallery, oollectione of antiquities and
natural history specimens, and a libifcry. The rooms ore* small and
badly lighted.
The Picture Gallery, on the groundfloor to the right, is open free on
Sua. 10-1, Tues. and Sat. ll-l (in summer also 8 to 4 or S)\ catalogue iO pf. —
KooMs I-lII. Old Masters. Dutch School; Jooi van Cratsbeeck^ JHeter de
Rinffj Pbil. Wottwaynann. ^m. de Witte, W. van de Velde the Younger ^ Jan
WynanU^ etc. Flemish School! F, Snydett^ Copy of Av^etM' Ba<tle of Ama-
soos; B. JniiM. davmau Seheol: L. Oranoflk^ B«»» Sekiiufelini AngeUoa
Kixu^mawn. — Booms I,V-VL Modern pictures by It. Knaui., Count L. von
Kalekreuih, K. Pi Leuing^ E. Lugo^ F. Filoty^ Ban* Thoma^ W. TrUbner,
Lenbaeh^ ete. ; lUso modern Prenoh and Oerman plaquettes and m^als.
The OoUeetion of Aatiquitiea, on the groundfloor, to the left, is open
in snnimer on Moib, Tues.y Wed,, Thura., 4k,Frid. U-l Ad-b^ on Sun. 10-1
(in winter on Wed. (& Sun. 11-1 only); good catalogue 1 Jf. In the Ante-
Boom and Booms I-iV: Prehistoric objects (in R. I carved bones etc. from
the caves near Steeten on the Lahn) and Boman antiquities, as in other
Bheaish collections. In B. II: Bronze door from Mayence *, triangular bronze
tablet, with a relief of .Tupiter Dolichenus, from Heddernheim; in B. UX:
Jupiter Coltimn from Schferstein, erected by a legionary in 221 A.D. ; in
B. lY: Model Of the Boman th^rmea discovered in 1903 to the W. of the
Koehbraanenc in B. V: Inscription in broazergilt letters, in honour of
Caracalla (213 A.D.), from the fortress on Uie Pfahlgraben at Holzhausen.
In B. VI: Objects found in Alemannian and Frankish tombs (ca. 350-800
A.D.). In BR. VII and VIII; ffledleeval and ibodeni obgects, locks, mount-
ings, bronzes, glass, poreolatn, earthenware, eoclesiastiAal sculptures, local
costumes of Kassau; m tbe middle, tombstones of Blether III. (p. 120) and
Diether IV. (d, 1316)» CJounts of Katzenehibogen.
The ILrst door contains a Katueal Histoby Collbotion,
The LniRJLBT (daily, except Sub., tO-1 A 3-8), in the upper storjr, con-
tains 120,000 printed volumes and many valuable old MSS. Among its
treasures aM: Portion of an astronomical oateadar of 1447, being the
earfiest printed work by Gutenberg to which a date can be assigned (dis«>
covered in 1901); and the Mayence Gatholicon of 1460 (comp. p. 188).
The Koman Catholic Church of St. Bonifacius, in the Luisen-
Platz (PI. D, 6), on the N. side of the Rhbin-Stbassb (PI. 0>D, E, 6),
was built by Hoffmann in 4844-49, and contains pictures by Stzinle
and RetheL — In front of the church la a sandstone Obelisk^ erected
to the memory of the Nassovian soldiers who fell at Waterloo. —
To the "W. the Rhein-Str. ends at the Protestant Alngkirche (P1.B,
C, 6), a noteworthy edifice by Olztn, In the late-Romanesque style,
consecrated in 1894 (sacristan, An der Rlngklrche 3; fee 50 pf.).
The Old Oemetery (PI. C, 3), contains a mausoleum of the Duchess
Pauline (d. 1856) and Other handsome ntOnuments. — The Platter -Str.
(p. 1&8; tramway) leads thenc« to the New Oemetery (PI. A, 1), situated in
the l^est, and containing the tombs of Franz Abt (d. 18S5) and F. Boden-
stedt ^. Iw). At the terminus of the tramway is the popular resort known
fltt^Vuttf d«n Sicfhea* (PL A IX wttk the frequented garden -restaurants
*Qnfi^Qrieni axidMiUsenJicMem. A few minutes off is the charmingly situated
Augwkf Victoria Temple. To the F^sh Breeding Establishment see p. 153.
152 Route^L — Mapjp.iM, WIBSBADEN. Environs,
EnTI&ONB or WlBSBADBV.
The most popolai open-<aiT resort near Wiesbaden, frequented
alike by walker, drirer, and cyclist, is ^e charming *K«TOtel
(PI. B, 0, 2, 1). Two roads, tke Eeho-Strasse (htfk} and tbe old
road (tramway, p. 148), affording pleasant Tiews of the Tine^clad
Neroberg and the Qreek Chapel, lead along the valley to (3/4 M.) the
Caf£^Be8taurant Beaurite and the station of the Nerober§ Cable
Tramway (train er. Vi"V2 ^^' i^i summer; fare 25, down 16, up
and down oO pf.).
The road ascends to the Platter- Stratie^ passing a large quartaite qnaarry,
and the insignificant Leichtweiu Cmem (see below).
The wooded •Keroberg (800 ft. ; PI. B, 0, 1), to the N.E. of,
and ^4 hr. above Beansite, is ascended by the cable**tramway, by a
steep zigzag path, and by the pleasant ^Philosophenweg*. At the top is
a freqnented HdUU-Restaiarani (p. 147). The tower (10 pf.) affords
a fine view of the Taunns, with the Bhlne. valley and the Odenwald
to the S.E., the towers and bridge of Mayenoe to the S. (beyond
the Biebrich water-tower), and the distant Donnersberg (p. 287)
to the Wi
To the S.E., a few minntes below the summit, is situated the
*Greek Chapel (PI. C, i; 607 ft.), erected in 1848-55 from the
designs of Hoffmann as a mausoleum for the Duchess Elizabeth
Michailowna, a Russian princess (d. 1845). This is reached from
the Neroberg-Str. station of the tramway in 10 min. ; but pleasanter
routes (20-25 min.) lead by the Kapellen-Str. (PI. D, 3, 2), lined
with villas, or through the Damhach'Tal (PI. E, D, 8, 2).
The richly-decorated chapel, in the form of a Greek cross, is covered
by a large and four smaller domes, all gilded and surmounted by Russian
double crosses. The highest cross is 180 ft. from the ground. The interior
is entirely of marble. A rich altar-screen (Ikonottasit)^ with numerous
figures of saints on a golden ground, painted in Russia, separates the body
of the chapel from the choir, to which the priests and their atteoduMits
alone have access. Th6 beautiful Monument of the Ihtchets is by Emil
Hopfgartea (d. 1866). Except during the Sun. service (11-1 \ in summer
only), the chapel Is shown by the sacristan, who lives near tiie Bossian
cemetery (1 •#, several persons 50 pf. each).
Pleasant walks intersect the wood (fine beeches with a few old
oaks) in every direction and extend past the Reservoir and the
(35 min.) Trauerbuche to the (1 1/4 hr.) Platte. Other paths, also
indicated by finger-posts, lead to the Speierskopf (1/4 hr.), the
Felaengruppe (20 min.), the Leichtweiss Cavern (see above), and
past the Melibokua Oak to the Hotel- Restaurant BahnhoU (p. 147).
The Platte (1640 ft.), a hill to the N. of Wiesbaden, with a
shooting-lodge of the Grand-Duke of Luxemboozg, built in 1824,
is frequently visited for the extensive view (finest by evening-light).
The two fine stags at the entrance were modelled by Ranch. In the
interior is a fine collection of antlers and furniture made £com antlers
(adm. 1 Jf^ for a party 50 pfc each). Inn adjacent. Besides the
ftbove-mentioned footpath and the Nerotal road, the Platte Is reached
Environs. WIESBADEN. Map.p. 128, ^2J, Route. 153
by the Plattbb-St&assb (PI, A, i% wbtoli leads past the cemeteries
(p. 161; 1^2 ^r.; cab, see p. 148).
'Crom the termixitis of the electric tramway at ^Unier den Sicken' (PI. A, 1;
p. 1^) we may waJk to the IT.W. through the Adanu-Tal to the Oh br.)
WaldMuschen (gfarden-restaurant) and the (10 min.) FUh Breeding Establish-
ment, to which Tisitora are admitted by the keeper (restaurant).. We may
return by the Platter-Str., or, crossing this road, by a footpath through
the pine-woods, the pretty Rabengrund and the Nerotal.
Abont 2 M. to the W. of Wiesbaden, to the right of the old Schwal-
bach C^ms) road, lies the nunnery of Clarenthal (rfmts.), founded in 1296
by King Adolph of ITassau and his consort Imagina of Limburg. and
dissolved in 1059. A little farther up is a building formerly used as a
Pheasantry (Fcuanerie), with an old park. A shady footpath leads hence to
the (1/9 hr.) Chausseehaus.
The GhamteehanB (960 ft.), named after a forester's house
V2 M. above it, with the Edt-ReatcMrani TaunushUeky a summer-
resort, is much frequented in the afternoon (railway se^ p. 144).
The 0/« h'.) Sehia/ersiopX iUd^ ft.) to the N., and the (1 hr.) Eohe
Wurt^ C^02i8 ft. ; view-tower) to the N.W., may be aooended hence (finger-
posts). A footpath leads to the N.B. from the Hoke Wnr^el to (1 hr.)
Eiseme Hand {p. lU).
Fbom ths CIhaussbshaus 70 SoHLAKGBNBAp, SV2 M., reoDnunended to
pedestrians andr cyclists. At the Hot. TaunnsbUck the road diverges from
the old S^walbach road, and t}ience ascends gradually through wood and
meadow with fine views of the Rhenish plain. After parsing Solihtt
ffoheubuehau^ on the right, we reach tJ^ village of Georgenhom (1188 £t«;
omnibus see p. 144). A few minutes beyond the village, to the left, is the
mtehRei^want MolUMgaldi^ma, 4i/2^UV; B. to B. 2^/^ D. i^/tJfX with a
▼Jew- terrace. Thrice a footpath diverges to the right for the Hohe Wurzel
(see above). The road makes a wide bend (shorter paths sboitld be avoided)
past the Mmpnss Attgusta Temph^ with a view of Bauenthal and Sohlax^en-
bad, down to Sfhlangenltad (p. 143).
Wiesbaden Is connected with BiebTich (p. 136 ; 3 M. to the S.)
• by the Adolfs-All^e (PI. D, 7), the Biebricher Strasse (PI. P^ 8),
and the Wiesbaden er AlMe, each with a double aveniie of harse-«
chestnuts. Halfway to the village, beyond the Adolfihohtf are the
Adolfthohe and Bbeinhohe, two garden-resta^Ta^ts. Farthei on is the
Bielrieh Water Tower y built in 1897 (view extending to the Nieder-
wald). Those who use the electric tramway should alight in Mosbach
at the *Schloss-Park' station and Tv|alk through the park to the
Rhine (1/4 hr.). - .
By following the villa-lined Sonnbxbbegbr-Stbassb (PI. E, F,4 j
tramway) and pretty footpaths skirting the BamftacA, we reach
(I/2 hr.) Sonnexiberg (Ncusauer Hof; Cafl AUdeutsches HiPut), a
large village with a Roman Catholic church and a castle, which Once
belonged to the Counts of Kassau and was destroyed by the Prench
in 1689 (tavern at the top). The tower (116 steps) commands a
pretty view. From the ruins a road leads to the N.E. to the (*/4 hr.)
iingert (946 ft. ; view), which is marked by three trees. . Higher
up the valley is the Stiekel^Muhlef a garden-restaurant, a little beyond
which is the charmin^y situated village of Rambach (770 ft.).
, ipVom Bambitch we may ascend (1 hrO the KeHerelcopf (1568 ft. «, rfmts. ;
vfeW^^wer, 10 pf.), which rises to th^ % The descent may be made to
(>/« br.) medemhauun (p. 249).
154
B Hollands (PI. ci D, 8), Bbeia-
B. HA-l'/a, p. (1-i p.m.) *7« UT;
63 1 HdTBL D^Alf GUTARSK (Pi. 1) ;
2d. lEayence.
Sailwfty fitetioiui. The Obntsal Bailwat Station (PI. S, ^^, 1 ;
*i{««rattran<) for tbe trains to Bingen, Alzey (Palatinate), Worma, Mann-
beim, Wiesbaden, Frankfort (p. 240), and Darmstadt. Hot^l- omnibuses
meet tbe trains. — Tbe 8. part of the town is served bv the S. HatBNCb
Station (PI. A, 3, 4; formerly Kentor Station), which is connected with
the Central Station by a tunnel under the citadel , 1300 yds. long. —
Tramway^ and cabs, see below.
Hoteu. Near the Rhine: ^H6tbl db Hollands i
Str. 77, with hot-air heating, E. 2V«-6,
H3TBL DU Ehin (PI. a •, D, 5), Ehein-Str.
D, 5), Ehein-Str. 89, E. 2V2-8» B. IV4, B. (i p.m.) 3 Ji; these three are
of the flrst class, with lifts. — Stadt Coblbnz (PI. h ; C, 4), Ehein- Str. 49,
with wine-restaurant, E. 2V2-3V*. B. 1 Jt^ very fair *, Germania (P1. g; C, 4),
Ehein-Str. 48, B. i^lt^^M, B. 90 ff., D. £Fom 1V« Ul, nrtU ^pdkea 6f. —
In the Town (commercial): Karpven (P1. k) 0, 4), Am.BKand, B. ^-SVsi B. 1,
D. (1 p.m) 2V« J(, omn. 60 pf.5 Landsbero (PI. Ij D, 4, 5), Lohr-Str. 29,
with wine -restaurant; H5tel atiR Post (PI. m; C, 4) , Brandgasse 14,
E. lVa-2V4, B. 8/4 J(. — JVww the Centrai Station: Central Hotel (PI. d;
F. 2), Bahnhofs-PlatE 8, teith restaurant, ft. 2-4, B. 1, D. 2 Ul; BahNhop-
HdT^L (PI. et F, 2), Battnhofs-Plata 6*, ^rlitSB Hop (PI. n; E, 2>, Mftnster-
Platz 5, with restaurant, E. 2-4, B. 1, D. (1 p.m.) H Jt; Mainkbr Hof
(PI. 0 ; E, F, 2), comer of Bahnhof-Str. and Parens-Str., E. 2Vr5 •#; Tadnds
Hotel (Pi. i; B, 2), Bahnhof-Str. 17, with good restauHint, B. 2-9)/t, B. 1,
D. 2 UT; Rhbin&adbr Hop, Schott-Str. 6 (Pi. F, 2). — Ppbil (Pi. f; E, 2),
Bahnhof-Str. 16, E. 2-3 Jt^^ B. 80 pf. ; C^oldbne EeonIc (PI. « ; £, P) 2)i B»bn-
faof-Str. 12; Wbib (PI. q; E, 2), Bahnhof-Str. 2; these three nnpretfending.
— Pent, Kratu^ Feldberg-Plats 2.
Beatauranta. Wine. *€atfno turn Outenbstff, Gvosse Bleiehe 29^ Rheik''
ganei* Weinttube, Dominikaner'Str. 8; *AUe Rhetnganer WeffUtvib^^ Beharhoff^
both in the Triton-Platz (PI. D, 3). ^ Wnrs and BiBr. ^Goneerthenu^
GrosBe Bleiche 56 (p. 163); ^RmtskeUer, Alte Univergitftts^r. 11, behind
tbe theatre; StadthalU (p. 159), Ehine Prconeittade, with ^ew- terrace,
much frequented in sammer. -* Bbbb. *Caf4 ^ Faris, Wodttr, bath 4n the
Gutenberg-Platz ; ^HHHge Cfeisi (p. 159), Mailandsgasse, near the Ehein-Str. ;
KStherhof, Schiller-Platz; BchBfferhof^ Schuster-Str. ; ffdhemottem. Kaiser-*
Str. 93, near the Ehine; Rodentteiaer, also in the Eaiser-Str, Beer-rooms
of iheRheinU<^9 Brauerei and XheActienBrcmerH near the Cea|ral Station. -^
Confectioner. MUller^ Gutenberg-PIatz 11.
Baths. ApoUO'Bud, Bilhildig - Str. 5; IfuHtut fOf phpHkaUMchm HeU-
M«thode, Kenbrunnen-Str. 8. — River Bathe in the Ehine (oomp. Plan).
Oaba (double fare from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m., in winter from 9p.m. to 6a.m,).
Per drive within the gates
Per hour
Per V« hr
Each y^hr. more
To Zahlbach ........
To Eastel (pontage extra) • -
One-horse cab
3-4pers.
— 70
2J(S0
iJfdO
— 50
1 ur-
Two-horse cab
1-^ pers.
-^70
2^40
1 ^30
- 60
luirao
8-4 pers.
: —90
2uir90
1 j^eo
-to
i JtbO
1-2 pers.
-160
?4 =
-HO
lur-
„ . , 1 ui - .
Each box 20 pf. ; smaller articles free.
EUotrie Traniways (comp. plan; fares i0-16pf.)/ From the Centrdl
SiaUen to Katiel (p. 241), direct or round by tbe cathedral ; also to Weieenau;
to ifombach; from tbe Ehein-Str. Cfitadthalle% PI. D,5; oa. every »Aihr.)
via Kastel^ Ambneburg^ and Biebrieh (p. 136) to tVieshaden (comp. p. 148). -^
Bteam Tramways. 1. From the Rhein-Str. CFischtor'; PI. C, 4) vii the
Gros^e Bleiehe, Kdnster-PiatB, Binger'Tor (PI. £, 1), t&e Cemetery, and
Zahlbach to Sechttheim; 2. From the Rhein-Sir. via. ^9 3inger-Tor, t)^
Cemetery^ Gonsenheim, and Lenneberg to FintJten (p. 16^.
8teamboati. 1. Steltm-ferries to the station at Kastk (p. 241) IrOm tl^e
Bieeme Tor (PI. C, 6). every 71/2 min. (Sun. every 6 min.); fares 105? 6 pf. —
2. To Biebrieh (p. l36) hourly in summer, starting hear the Sladthntle
MAI n z
i; 11.2 00
6 jo ipft aop *?_.
^Plf!T
■*^v-^J
W'^.j^" B"'
ice.. Post
^i-ltaWiof'"
-j^JL-^t^-^^.src
'.jLU^, -/ ...'^<-^ ^^^ ^- ^
^5a-i ■^^^ - J^ J" c J m (? ffl J'^ (If
T»fei*fifrfJt3JthP£ .LfliDd
UisUyry. MAYBNOB. 29. RouU, 165
(PL Bv!>) and ealUng ai the KaUer-Tor; far« (ist class) 40 pf., return 50 pf.
— 8. To .^MlAttm,
PMt and TeUfraph OlAoe, in iht Brand (PI. D. 4).
Theatre (PI. D, 8X in winter daily. — Knaie (in sottmei^, en San.,
Wei^ Frid., and flat, afternoons in the Anlage (p. 164); on Sun., Tnes.,
And Thnrs. eveninp in the SUdthalle (p. 100) j daily in the Schiller-Platz
(p. 188), usnally 12-1. '— Orchestral concerts in the conceii-room of the
*Liedertafer (PI. B, 4)*
The Oamtiral it Mayence is little inferior to the famous carnival at
Ooloir^e, which it resembles in its general featnres (humorous plays,
public mnsked balls, proees6ions, confetti battles, etc.). '
Tbe ▼erkellrebnreaa, Bchiller^tr. 50 (Pi. D, E, 2) supplies information
%o visitors.
' AmerieanOonaul, Waittr Sehmiarmy Esq.
Cniief Atlrmetiona (one day). Cathedral (p. 159); the Khine Promenade,
wtth vievi^ fk«m the Rhine Bridge (p. 16B) ; Collection of Roman Antiquities
and the Gntenberg Husenm in the Palace (p. 158). Afternoon: Anlage and
Railway bridge (p. 184)*, Harbour.^
l^iyence, German Mainp (270 ft.), tbe seat of a bishop, and a
strongly fortified town with 91,124 inhab. (more than l/g Prot.,
3200 Jews), including a garrison of 7600 soldiers, is pleasantly
situated on the left bank of the WiinCy opposite and below the in*
iflux of the Main^ and is connected with tbe small town of Kastbl
(p. 24i] on the opposite bank by a bridgj^ (p. 159). The old town
was formerly limited by its fortiflcationsv but since 1871 a new
tovn almost twice as big has grown up outside the old oircumvalla^
tion. Large new harbours were built in 1880-87. Mayence is one
of the headquarters of the trade in Rhine wine and manufactures
large quantities of sparkling wipe; it is also well known for its
leather goods and artistic fumituxe^ Market-gardening is extensively
carried on in the enviionsu
Mayence is historically one of the most interesting of the Rhenish
towns. 'Its important strategic situation has in all ages attracted attention.
Tbe toito- and its moet ancient name (Mo^miiaium) are of Celtic origin.
Between B.C. 14 and ^ Drmuty the son-in-law of Anrotns. eetablished a
camp here, on the tableland outside the Cantor (p. 1m), and this speedily
attracted a colony of native residents, Roman traders, and veterans (eanahae),
Hayeaceibecaine the. seat of tSie legate, or goremor, of tSmmonia Superior^
and thenceforward served as the base for the Roman "campaigns in Central
Germany. Domitian. wbo extended ^he Roman supremacy on the right
bank of tfa^ Mitin as lar as ikt faunns and the Wetterau (88*89 A.D.), pro^
bcbly bnilt tile first bridge ^Jtveas the Eliine (afterwards repeatedly restored)
and CQi structed the Castellvm Ms^Uiac^rum. (the present Kastel) to defend it.
Authentic accounts prove that Christian!^ flourished at Mayence in
the ftmrth century (about 868). and the town afterwards became a bishop-
ric. Tender St. Boniiace (or Winfried, d. 766), the apostle of Central Cer-
many, the see was raised to an archbishopric and made the seat of the
primage of Germany. This prelate, the son of an English wheelwright,
was So Httle ashamed of his parentage that be assumed a pair of
wheels «a hi« armorial bearinea* whkih ixt retained to this day in
Ske arma of t^ eity. In 1264 Arnold Walpod Cd. 1268) . a citizen of
ayence and the chief of the patrician family of the ^Ldwenhaupter\
fotinded the Leaffue of the RhenUh fewM. tf ayence became the centre
a^d leader of this pKXW^fal aetoeiation, which ere long waa etrengthened
by upwards of • la hundred other towns, from B&le on the S. to Bremen
and Miinster on ,the K. 9uch was the commercial prosperity of the town
at' that period that it wks obHed the ^Goldene tfaine'. Two centuries
^tKt^ hfywfcverv It W% ittMt #1 ill extensive prijviliefea in. toneeqnence
156 Route 29. BfATBNOB. ChroiBe Bkkht.
of s Tioleni attack made apo9 it bj Arohbiahop Adolph of "Stamn in
1462, on which occasion 600 citizens were killed, and tha mo6t inftneaiial
banished. Thenceforth th« onee imdependent ci^ waa j«led by Ikui arch-
bisbopa. Under SUOar AOmrt of Br«mdmhm^ (loU^), wlio waa At first
inclined to the new learning, art and literature flomrisbed for a paviod.
The nnirertity of Mayenoe, founded in 1477, boasted of such distiaffiiislied
men as Nicholas Vogt^ John von Miiller, Bodmann, and Oeorge Forster
among its members, but it was suppressed by the French*
In 1662 Hangrava Albeit Alaibiades of Braadenbuxf tavifed the town.
In the Thirty Tears' War it waa captured by the Swedes (lB8i), the Im-
perialists (1635), and the French (1644) The strong fofteess feU omce more
into the hands of the French in 1^, but was recaptmed ia iBB». Qa 21it Oct.,
1792, the French republicans under Custine entered the town almoattWithout
a blow , but it was retaken the following year by tbie Pmssiaas* Ia 1797
it was ceded to France by the Peace of Gampo Formio, and hepama the
capital of the Department of Mont Tonnerre. In 1803 the. aechbishopric
was secularised. In 1816 Mayenca was assigned to the Grand l>uchy of
Hesse and in the following year it wsS made a bislM>pric. The FoHr—
of Hayence belonged to the Qerman Confederation down to 1866|. Austria
and Prussia having the joint right of providing the garrison.' The^ demoli-
tion of the inner fortifications was bc^gun in 1906.
Tbe Eaisbk-St&assb (PI. F, % 31 the main street of the new
town, ^ handsome avenne about 1000 yds. long and over 60 yds.
wide, embellished with trees and flower-beds, extends from th^
central railway station to the Rhine. Among its buildings are th^
Offices of the Beadan Railway (PI. F, 1}^ the Provincial Savings-
Barik, the Oster-Oymnaeium (PL 0, 4), the Imperial J^anfc, and the
ChristuS'Rirche (PI. F, (>, 4), completed in 1903 from design^ by
Kreyssig, with its con^icnons dome. ' '
The Bdhnhof'Str, (PI. E, !?), to the right of the Kalser-StrAsse,
leads to the small MDkstbb-PlaTz (PI. E, 2), which occnpies the
site of the Munster-Tor. The Schiller-Str., in which is the ErthcAer
flb/'(1735), now the OovemmentBuUdinga^ leads hence to the right
(S.E.) to the Schiller-Platz (p. 163), while the Grosse Bleiche rsni
to the N.E. towards the Rhine, In a direction almost parallel with
the Ealser-Strasse.
The Gbossb Bleiohb (PL E, 2, 3, 4) is the prlneipal old street
in the N. part of the tbwn. On the N. side of it (No. 16) to the for-
mer Stadion'sehe £q/ (1728-33). In a small square to the left is
the Neue Brunnen, an obelisk with river-gods and Uons below. Near
it is the handsome new Mayence People's Bank, — On the right, at
the E. end of the street, where it enters the Schloss-Platz, is the
*Chwck of St. Peter (PI. E, 4), erected in 1756, with bold vaulting
and frescoes' by Appiani.
In the ScHLoss-PiiATz (PI. F, 4), a parade-ground until 1904,
several large buildings, including a new law court, are to be ereoted.
On the E. side, of the square rises the former Electoral Palace
(PI. F, 4, 6), a large red sandstone edifice, begun in 16!^7 and
hastily finished in 1678 on a much less grand scale than thht drif^
inally conteipplated. The wing facing the ^chloss-Platz was com-
pleted in 1764; the main facade fronts theKhine* The palace, now
containa the municipal antiquitiet ai^ art^coll^ctions $ but owiftg
F^Otm: MAYEi^OE. 2S. fiotife. 167
to the restoration of tlio building, begnn in 1903, only a portion of
the collections are acoessibK The Lihra/ry Is open on Mon., Tues.,
A Thnrs., 9-1, on Wed. & Sat. 9^ (the reading-room from 2 to 6 or
6 also). The Gutenberg Museum (adm. ttee) is open daily 10-4 or
10-6. The other collections are open free on Sun. & Wed., 10-1 and
2-5, and Mon. and Thurs., 2-5 Tin winter Swn. 10-1, Wed. 2-4);
at other times (10 to 4 or 6) cards of admi^^on (50 pf.) mnst be
obtained. Entrance, Sohloss- Platz 15.
The *Boman and OtrmarUe Aniiqiaiies chiefly consist of objects
found in or near Mayenoe, and the collection is one of the richest
in Germany.
The VsBTiBDLB contains the original models of Thorvaldten^s statue of
Gutenberg (p. 182) and ScholVs sUtue of Sehiller (p. 163), a model of the
pUe-work of the Koman bridge (see below), and photographs of Roman
buildings. — In the Amtb-Boom are Roman architectural fragments, and
mediiBTal and modem iron work. — To the right are Thbub Booms, with
prehistoric antiquitiet and smaller Roman and Germanic antiquitiea.
We first enter the Pavilion in the court-yard, containing the Rofnan.
Fraukithj and BMUamtal Inter^ttons and the lai^er BcnOptvret (catalogue of
the Roman and mediaeval inscariptions, 1875, 2 UV; appendix, 1900, 8 •#).
Opposite the entrance and beside the end-wall: Roman sculptures, cap-
itals, columns, sarcophagi, etc.; in the centre, fragments of a Roman
fountain ; 23a. Altar with figures of gods, erected by the *vicani Kogontia-
censes vici botI*. Beyond the third window are Roman tombstones: 241,
212. Ohildrcn'g tombstones, with aflTecting inscriptions; 247. Tomb of a
slAve, showing the eymboi of death; 223, ^ 221. Tombs of Roman horse^
mMi ; in the centre, hut for the ireception of a cinerary urn (monolithic) ;
*282. Tomb of Bhissns, a sailor, with reliefs of the deceased with his
wife and child and of his ship; soldiers' tombstones with reliefs: 202a,
222, 169, 167. Eagle-bearers, 176. Bignum-bearer; 246 a. Tombstone of the
sh^[Aerd Jneundns, with a metrical inscription in which the Main is
retorted to as ^Moenus^; 228a. Ridily-decorated tombstone of a military
tribune of the time of Tiberius. To the left, 117. Monument erected in
boBOur of the Bmp. Claudius by a Roman mercantile guild of Mayence.
To the ri^t, Roman milestones and building-stones with the stamps of
Rmnan legions. Between the windows are Roman pottery and brick-
ttftmpak '^ At the end are Frankish antiquities ; architectural fragments
from Ingelheim (p. 140). — Beside the caid-wall: Mediaeval sculptures;
flgtirea from the portal of the Liebfrauenkirche, pulled down in 1804;
zellefS (1B17) el the seven electors, £mp. Lewis of Bavaria, and St. Martin,
from the old Kaufhans; to the right, archway, window, et^ from the
old Fisoh/Turm (ca. 1200).
We now r«tmm to the ante-room and, passing the staircase leading to
the library and the Gutenberg Museum, enter —
Room I, oontaininf mediaeval and later objects (earthenware, wax seals,
weapons, glass, etc.). — Room II, straight on, is the chief room. To the
left of the entrance and in the middle of the room are Roman, to the
right, Alemonnian and Frankish antiquities. We first inspect the Roman
BetUol^. Bv the -first window: Objects from the Roman civil cemetery at
Maienee (ord cent. A.iD.); in the .window-niobe. skeleton of a woman
with a wig, in the original leaden coffin ; towards the middle of the room,
^Goblet in perforated work ('vas diatretuni') and bottle with chased Bacchic
scenes. In the first large case by the second window are the ^Contents
of a Soman shoemaker's workshop, with sandals, leather, and tools,
found in 1867 in the Schiller-Platz. In the window-niche, two bronae
water-spouis in the shape of lions' heads; writing materials; stamps; mili-
tary ^diplomas, ete. In the second and third cases are ornaments, rings,
booaehold utensils, surgioal instruments, weapons, etc. By the window,
rings, hair-pins, and mirrors. The fourth case contains terracottas, lamps,
158 BtmUii. MAYBIfO^); Afvcflum.
etc. In the last window-miche «re fibnlA, etc. In t)te inid41e of tbe foow^
under glass : fanereal urns of legionaries. Farther on, to the right, Bronse
female head<Dlanat); small rotire chariot With charioteer, in h^on^e-^It.
In the long central case, tools and weapoaa, keys, locks/trumpeliJ^lBe*
tweea the pillars on the left are bronze statuettes, bronse reaat^ and
portions of armour. — The Frankish antiquities occupy the right side
of the room. The cabinets contain an extensive collection of weapons,
ornamentsy utensUn, and glass. By the second window^ under glass : gold
rings of the bronse penpd) Boman hand-mirror; mediAval j^yory cerringd
and ornaments, incIudlDg a gold enamelled Abala, of the 11th century.
— Room III. contains the remainder of the Prankish and Alemannian
aatiquitiea. At the entranee ie the tomb «tf a Fraakish woman (from
Oberolm)i in the first central caie* a glass drinking-horn; by the first
window, belt-buckles and ornaments ; by tbe second mndow, Carloviogian
swords and lance-heads.
The ^Roman-Oermanie Central ilftM«um, wMcb we next enteri
consists of five rooms containing reproductions of the most interest-
ing pre-Christian antiquities of Germany and the Netherlands, and
affords a nnlque snrrey of the extant monuments of this kind.
'We now ascend the staircase (with Veit's cartoons for the oath«-
edral painUngs, p. 160) to the first toer, eontainlng the Pieturt
Gallery (catalogue 20 pf .). Some of the rooms are closed at present
(comp. p. 157).
Room I. Kodem Works by BeMuUbtr, A. Burger^ Ad. Sehre^ft B. VauU^^
O. Fiagiftm^ Ed, OriUmer. — Boom II (Mayence Boom). Views of Mayeneei
portraits of gOYernoars of the town, eic Pfetttres by German artists Of
tbe 17th and iSth ceot. : 8ukat»^ Schmr^ J. H. Bo6Sy Morfmaten^ R, Men^M^
J. K. SehMidery View of the Taonus (1769). — KB« X 4k XI. Modem Works,
chiefly German, by Undtn$ehmU the rwngtr, Pk. F^il, Batteky A. Aalunbaeh,
^SgOj Braeht^ Mbl^ etc. Series of water-odours by B^ktr,'
The pictures f^om the rooms that are closed are tempoisrily aeeom*
modated in the rooms opposite, on the other side of the lemling. Rso
Room. Old German School. S. BaUtvng Qrien, Schdu/Otn^ early oopy of
DUrer't Adam and five (original at Madrid). French Masters of the i8th cent*
ury. Mifinard^ Nattier^ Riguud^ Ptsne^ mostly pertraitf. — Passing through
the Whitb Room, which has a fine rococo ceUfaig and contains iSoms caatal,
we enter the Akaosmib-Saal, adorned with ceiling-paimfing by Jamumrim,
Zkk. Here the pictures by Netherlandish and Itaimn Masters art tem«
pornrily housed: a. dt Laitests^ J^M, Mukntur, Frtmekm tht Eider ^ B9 -Fm*
8. van Ruysdael (90. Landscape, M37. River-seene), C. Btffm^ Jan Livitu,
Th. Wpct^ J. van Gofrn^ 0. Betohmn^ C. Deeker, Nuff$ 1M Bider^ Dirk HaUy
J). Tenien the Younger ^ Jae. Jordaens (""389. (Thrist ameng the doctors, 1668);
FMl. de Chan^^iti9m;.Evmki9 Ferrari (317-910. Winged attar- pftcee with
St. Jerome, Adoration of the OhiLd, The Young Tobias), tfiMrofiM, Qnido
Renij Tiepolo, ete. This room also contains an astronomical cloidc of the
18th century.
On the second floor is the Natural History Museum, To the left
of the staircase are the extensive ornithological section, the entomo**
logical collection, etc. To the right of the staitckse are ethnographieal
collections from the iSonth Sea Islands, a collection lUustrating the
fauna of the Mediterranean, and the geological collection.
The Municipal Library ^ the Gutenberg Museum^ and the Collection
of Coins occupy the first and second floors of the W^ wing.
The Library consisto of about 300,000 vols., including 4500 inoanabula^
and 1200 MSS. from the 8th cent, onwai^s. The reading-room contaiBS por*
traits of nineteen electors.
EfpUmade. MATENGE. 22. Route. 159
Tbe Chttmberff Museum, founded in 19(M., is connected with the library.
The anteroom contains documents relating to Gutenbet^, writings referring
to the inyeution of printing, and memorials of the Gutenberg festivals of
1837^ 1640, and 1900. — On the staircase are SuUtr't designs for the nro^
cessiQQ of 1900 1 also a model of ancient Mayence, by Jf. OdheL — Two
rooms on the second floor contain an exhibition illustrating the history
and development of printing, bouk-illasftration, etc. In the eases by th«
windows are speeimeos of early printing by Ontenberg, Fust, and Schoffer,
and a flection of the most important works to the present day.
The Coins (12,000 specimens) include a full set of those of Hayence,
from the time of Charlemagne down to the overthrow of the electoral sway.
Opposite the Electoral Palace , to the S. , i8 the Palace of the
Orand^Duke (PI. E," 5), formerly a Lodge of the Teutonic Order, built
in 1731-39 in the baroqne style; and connected with it is the Ar-
aenaly whioli was erected by Elector Philip Charles in 1738-40.
A handsome ^Esplanade (PI. A-G, 5), 41/2 M. long, 100 yds.
broad, and planted with trees, has been constructed «Jong the RhinO)
beginning on the S. at the railway-bridge mentioned at p. 164; it
extends on the N. past the extensive harbour to the Ingelheimer
An (p. 137). — Opposite the arsenal, at the spot where the old
Roman bridge once stood (p, 155), the Rhine is spanned by an iron
*Bridge (PI. E, 5; toll 4 pf.), erected in 1881-85 from designs by
Thiersch, Of the five arches the central one has a clear span of
334 ft., and the others of 321 ft. and 282 ft. The bridge commands
a fine panorama. Kastel^ see p, 241 .
The Stadthalle (Pi. D, 5) is a modern building in the Renaissance
style, with a large hall, used for balls, concerts, and public meet-
ings. Caftf-Restaurant, see p. 154; view of the Rhine from the
terrace. Near it, Rhein-Strasse 59, is the so-called Iron Tower
(*Ei8erne Turm'), and farther up the river is the so-called Wooden
Tower ('Holzturm'; PI. B, 4), two fragments of the old fortifications,
dating respectively firom the 13th and the 15th century. — In the
Mailandsgasse, near the Iron Tower, is the old Church of the Holy
Ohoat (13th cent.), now a restaurant (p. 154).
The centre of the old town of Mayence is occupied by the
raarket-plaee, in which are a fountain erected in 1526 by Elector
Albert of Brandenburg (restored), and the imposing *-«
^Cathedral (PI. 0, 4 ; St. Martinis), A cathedral is mentioned as
having existed at Mayence as early as 406, and a new building,
with a baptistery, was erected by Bishop Sidonius in the 6th century.
A Romanesq^ue church was built under Archbishop Willigis (975-
1011), but.it was burned down on the very eve of its consecration
in 1009, It was restored by Abp, Bardo in 1036, but was again de-
stroyed by fire in 1081. On its re-erection the building received a
vaulted roof (see p, xxviii). In 1159 the church served as a fortress
during the ftniggle between Abp. Arnold and the citizens. The
upper part was yet again destroyed by fire in 1191. Between that
date and 1243 were erected the W. transept, the main choir, the
octagonal dome, the Memorie or chapter-house (p. 162), and the
160 RouU22. MATENOfi. Cathedrat,
cloisters. Gothic side-oliapels weie added after the close of the
13th cent., and the cloisters were wholly remodelled in 1397-1405.
The wooden spire of the main W. tower was replaced in 1774 by a
stone steeple in the Gothic style, hy J. F. Neumann the Younger of
Wiirzhurg (p. 298). In ^e French period the church was used as
a magazine and barracks, but in 1814 it was repaired and restored
to its sacred uses, A thorough restoration of the £. part of the build-
ing was carried out in 1868-79, under the superintendence of Laske^
W€88iken^ and Cuypera. The middle tower was rebuilt in the Roman-
esque style in 1875, whUe the cxypt under the E. choir and the two
side-towers were renewed in harmony with the extant r^nains.
In consequence of all these vicissitudes the church possesses
great value in the history of architecture.. In its present form it
consists of nave and aisles with chapels, an E. and a W. choir, and
a W. transept. The groups of towers at theE. and W., especially the
picturesque W. tower (270 ft.) above the cross, present an imposing
appearance, somewhat injured, however, by the numerous addi-
tions. The lower portions of the E. round towers probably belong
to the building of Willigis or Bardo. The transept, with its three
huge windows, the W. choir (above which is an equestrian statue
of St. Martin), and the three W. apses with their rich decoration
of round-arched frieze and dwarf-gallerlcs , show the flamboyant
forms of the Transition period. All the additions, except the Mem-
orie, are Gothic In style. The decoration of the interior shows
the mark of each century in turn. — Oomp. the ground-plan, p. 156.
The Main Entrance, which is reached between some of the
houses in the market-place, is in the N. aisle. The two brazen doors
were executed by order of Archbp. Willigis in 988, as the Latin
inscription on the border of the valves records, and are the oldest
in Germany after those of Aix-la-Ghapelle. On the upper panels
are inscriptions, engraved in 1135, enumerating the privileges
granted to the town by Archbishop Adalbert I., out of gratitude for
his liberation from the hands of Henry V. In 1163. — There are
other entrances in the E. facade in the Liebfrauen - Platz , vrith
interesting capitals at the S. portal, and in the S. transept, opening
from the Leich-Hof. The cathedral is open daily, 8-9 and 9.30-
12 a.m., and 2-6 p.m. The verger, who lives in the Leich-Hof,
shows the W. choir, Memorie, cloisters, crypt, and St. Gothard's
Chapel, at other times also on application (fee */2-l Jf}*
The Interior, the vaulting of which is borne by 56 pillars, is
122 yds. long, 50 yds. broad, and 90 ft. high in tlie nave. The
slender pillars are separated by very narrow openings, and each
alternate one is provided with a ressaut from which the vaulting
springs. The W. choir, nave, and aisles have been painted dark
blue and richly decorated, the dome of the W. choir and the nave
being adorned with paintings designed by Ph, Veit The subjects of
the latter are (In the dome) scenes from Old Testament history
Caihedrdt. MAYENCE. 22. BouU 161
referring to the saeriflce of Christ) and (in the naye) scenes from
the life of Christ. The E. choir retains the red coating applied to
it in the 18ih oentnry. In other parts the red sandstone and the
grey limestone have heen restored to lig^t by the removal of the
whitewash.
The most interesting feature of the interior consists in the
numei^ons ^ToMissTONBs it contains, ranging from the 13th to the
19th cent, (comp. p. xxxi). We hegin to the right of the principal
entranee.
H. TcAiUBPT. MonTimemts of the V<m QaHmix family (1593) and of
IHa» von BnUMback (d. 1497). The font datea from 13%, the altar from
1001. The handsome Portof of the St. €k>thard Chapel (p. 16S), in the
transition-Btyle, formerly belonged to the Church of the Holy Ohost (p. 159).
N. AisLB. By the lat pillar, *BenaiManee Monument of AUtert of
Brmndmbmtg^ SUcior </ JfoareiiM and Arekbiskop tf Magdwbvrg (the statue,
of Kelheim stone, admirably executed), 1545; adjaeent is his t(Hnbfltone,
by the same piDar. The chapel opposite contains a Crucifixion of 1563. -^
■By the second pillar, *Monument of JSkctor Sebastian vpn MeitumUunm
(d. 1566). Opposite the 5th pillar, in the chapel of the Virgin, which was
restored and embellished with painting and stained glass in 1875, is the
tomb of BUhop EtUeler (d. 1877). » In the adjoining 8t. Uagnus Chapel
are an Bntomlnnent in stone and numerous reliefs in marble. The Raiding
of Laaarua, by the pillar, is a masterpiece of late meditsval wood-carving
(15th cent). By the 8th pillar on the E. is a monument erected by Bishop
QarUeh to St. BeaUiMe in 1357, on the site of one still older; tUl 1829 it
was in the church of St. John (colouring renewed). By the 9th pillar,
•Motutnmi qf Elector Conrad III, of Daun (d. 1484), Gothic. — The (Jhapel
of St. Barbara contains an early-Qotblc winged altar-piece-, the Chapel of
St. Victor has a bavooue altar, dating from 1632. -^ On the wall of the B.
choir, oppositOf is the baroque monument of General Count Lamberg (d. 1689).
▲ flight of 19 steps ascends hence to the Ppaebchob, or £. Ghoib, the
floor of which has been raised about 8 ft. by the restoration of the crypt.
It contains a modem canopy and altar. To the right in the —
Navb, by the 10th pillar, Mleetor Peter von Aepelt, or Aichepalt (d. 1320),
leaning with his right hand on Henry YII. and with his left on Lewis
the Bavarian, the two emperors Crowned by him*, adjoining him. King
John of Bohemia, also crowned by him. Several other monuments of
ar<^biah(^s and electors. By the 6th pillar on the "S. side, ^Elector JHether
von Itenburffy 1482. Opposite is the Pulpits executed in stone at the end
of the 15th cent., with a modern covering in wood. By the 4th pillar on
the v. side, *Aibert of Baxony^ admiaiatrator of tiie archbishopric, 1484,
with a simple and noble figure of the youthfui prince. Opposite <S. side),
* Elector Berthold von Henneberg, 1604, probably by Tilman Riemenschneider,
one of the finest late-Gothic monuments in the cathedral. By the 2nd pillar
on the S.. * Elector Jacob von Uobenetein, 1606, late-Gothic. The tomb of
Eketor Urielv** Oemtniagen(d. 1514)« opposite, is the earliest tomb showing
the tsansitio n from Gothic to Renaissance.
8. AiBLB. The Chapel of All Saints (1317) contains an altar in the
Renaissance style, pcesented in 1604 by Phil. Grata von Scharfenstein, after-
wards Bishop of Worms. I» the Chapel of St. John j^e a Renaissance
altar presented by Canon Fried, von Furstenberg (d. 1607), and a winged
altar-piece in carved work on a gold ground representing the Twelve
Apostles and the Coronation of the Virgin, 1517. The adjoining Chapel
of Str Lawrenee and St. Michael's Chapel have some fine stained glass
(mOdmnU and an altar of 16^ in the Renaissance style. — To the left of
the handsome entrance-portal (14th cent.) to the 'Hemorie' and cloisters
(p. 169) i* * Slab (16th cent. \ built into the wall) bearing an inscription
to the memory of Fattrada O^r Fastradana), the third wife of Charlemagne ;
«he 4ied at Frankfort in 794, and was buried there in the church of
St llban, destroyed in 1652.
162 Route 22. BffATENGE. Caihedtal.
The 8. Tbahupt contaiiu several monuments to prelates of the 18tili
eentnrj. A fine head of Saturn on the monument of Canon von Bretd&nbaeh-
BUrrethtim (1743), and the noble Gothic 'Monument of Arehbp. Conrad II.
ton Weinsberfff 1396, adjoining the W. ehoir, are noteworthy. Oyot the
door opening on the Leich-Hof (p. 160) is a Bomanesque relief.
The BisoHOFscuoR, or W. Ghoib, separated from the transepts by
galleries of 1682, contains rococo *Choir Stalls, erected in 1767. In the
dome are the paintings already mentioned (p. 161).
From the 8. aisle the portal above noticed (to the rights the old
Bomanesque portal) leads into the Memorie, erected in 1243, and roofed
with wide groined vaulting. This was the old chapter-house, and owes
itfl name to the memorial services held in it annually. By tne W. wall
(r.) is the episcopal throne in stone. Adjacent are several monuments of
the years 1536, 1660, and 1568. — The Gothic Omptl of St. NiOttkloi^ to the
S. of the Memorie, dates from the 14th cent, and has been restored in the
original style.
The Oloistwa also contain several monuments. On the 8. wall is
Behwanthaler's Monument to Frcmeniob^ a funale figure deeoraUng a oofftn
with a wreath, erected by the ladies of Mayence in 1842 to Gount Heinrich
von Meissen (d. 1318), surnamed Fremonloh (wom^i^s i«aise), 'the pious
minstrel of the Holy Virgin, and of female virtue". Beyond it, on the B.
wall, is a Gothic relief, with groups of saved* and lost souls. Near it is
an Older tombstone of Frauenlob , erected in 1763, a copy of the original
of 1318. By the buttresses on the gardeu'Side are seated figures of the
Apostles Oate-Bomanesque). The cloisters, which affbrd a good view of
the church-towws, also contain sculptured fragments from other churches
of Mayence, some of great beauty and interest.
A gloomy chamber to the 8. of the cloisters contains fine Benaissanoe
*Ghoir Stalls and tapestry of the 14-17th centuries.
Between the N. transept of the cathedral and the Maikt, partly
concealed from view by surronnding buildings , is the Chapel of
8t. Ctothard, a double church vith aisles, a characteristic Koman-
esque building, erected in 1135-8. It originally formfed the chapel
of the archiepiscopal palace (entrance from the N. transept, p. 161).
The dwarf- gallery on the exterior (comp. p. 69) and the pillars
and columns within deserve notice.
A little to the W. of the Leich-Hof (p. 160) is the Prot. Ckureh
ofSt, John (PI. 0, 3), which occupies the site of the old baptistery.
— Hard by, in the Augustiner-Str., is the Liebfrauen-Kirc^ (PI* B,
C, 4), of 1768-76, with rococo decoration and celling-paintiogs by
Januarius Ziok. In the Kapuzinergasse is the Church ofSt.Ignatku
(PI. B, 4), a baroque building of 1763-74.
Near the cathedral is the Gutbnbbbo-Platz (PL G, D, 3),
which is embellished with a Statue of Gutenberg, the inventor of
printing, designed by Tkorvaldaen^ and erected in 1837. The in-
scription at the back by Ottfried MQller runs thus : —
Artem quae Oratcoi latuit^ latuttque Latinos,
Oei'mani tollers extudit ingenium.
Kuncy quidquid veteres sapiunt sapiuntqve reoentes,
Jfon sibiy sed populis omnibus id sapiunt.
Owing to the obscurity which envelopes the inventor of printing, and
to the fact that he had several contemporaries of the same name as himself,
there is some difficulty in identifying him. Native and foreign writers,
however, of the 15th cent, agree in naming as the inventor JoBAinr Gaits-
.FI.E18CH, surnamed GuxBNBEEa from his mother's name, who was born in
Mayence about the end of the 14th cent., at the Hof Gutonhergy Ohr^stoph-
M. Stephens Church. MAYENOE. 22. Route. 163
Strasse 2 (PI. D, 4), and not, in spite of the tablet, at the Hof ztun Gansfleiach,
Bmmeran-Straase 23 (PI. I>, 8). After a stay in Strassburg, Gutenberg
seems to have established himself in his native city in 144i. The earliest
book printed by him from moveable types to which a certain date can
be assigned belongs to the year 1447 (p. 151), though the fragment ^Vom
Weltgericht\ preserved in the Qutenb^g Museum (p. 169), and the 27-line
fragment of Donatus, now in the Biblioth^que Ifationale at Paris, are
earlier. His first work of importance was the 42-line Bible (1450-1456^.
Johann Fust^ who had assisted Gutenberg in this work, afterwards separated
from him, and established a new printing-office in partnership wilh Peter
BchOfftr. Gutenberg''s subsequent career; his connection with the S6-Iine
Bible, the typ^ of which were in the hands of Albrecht Pflster of Bam-
berg from l4oi onwards: and the question whether Gutenberg printed the
Mayence Catholicon (1460), the earliest long work in Italie characters,
are all points still veiled in obscurity. After a residence in Eltville (p. 186),
the date and duration of which are uncertain, Gutenberg died in Mayence
in 1467 or 1468, and was buried in the Franciscan church, which was
pulled down in 1742. — Gatenbers's alleged first printing-office , at the Hof
turn Jung€n^ Franziskanergasse 3, and those of Johann Fust and Peter
Schdffer at the Hof turn Humbrteht. Schuster-8trasse 20, and the Schdffer-
Hofy Korbgasse 8, are all indicated by memorial tablets.
Opposite the monTiment is the Theatre, erected in 1833. — In the
Schuster- Strasse, one of the chief basiness-streets, which rnns off
the old market-place, is the Gothic Church of 8t. Ouentin(V\. D, 4;
16th cent), and near It the Church of St Christopher, in the early-
Gothic style. Between them is the large Pensioners' Hospital and
opposite is the KneheVsche Hof(JSo. 2), ^ith a rich oriel in the
Renaissance style. — From the Schnster-Str. the Stadionerhof-Str.
leads to the Wi to iheDalherger flo^ (171 6-18), now occupied by law-
courts (PI. D, E, 3, 4), and to the Church ofSt. Emmeran (PI. D, 31,
a tasteful late-Gothic building, erected in 1450 and restored in 1881
(old ceiling-paintings).
Following the broad Ludwigs-Strasse from the theatre towards
the W., we reach the Sohillbb-Platz (PI. D, 2; music, see p. 155),
which is planted with chestnut-trees and embellished with a bronze
Staiue ofSehiller, by Scholi (1862). The place is bounded on the
S. by the Osteiner Hof (1747), now the residence of the Military
Governor and of the Commandant, and on the W. by the Bassen^
heimer Hof (1756; with caf^- restaurant), the Barracks, and the
Military Casino or 8eh5nbomer Hof.
The broad Emmerieh-Joseph-Strasse leads hence to the W. to a
flight of 76 steps ascending to the Mathilden-Terrasse (PI. D, 2),
which affords an extensive view of the town and environs. Below the
torrace is th^ wine-magazine of Kupferberg & Co., with a house in-
dicated by a tablet as that occupied by Bismarck from Aug. 2nd
to Aug. 7th, 1870, at the outbreah of the Franco-Prussian war.
On the KSstrich (Castrum) a new and well-built quarter of the town has
sprung up since the explosion of a powder-magazine here in 1857.
On an eminence in the neighbourhood rises the handsome early-
Gothic ♦Chur«h of St. Stephen (PL 0, 2), erected in 1257-1328 on
the highest site In the town (86 ft. above the level of the Rhine),
and tastefully ^restored after the explosion in 1857. Itcpnsists of
11*
164 Route 22. MAYENCE. CUadel.
nave and aisles of eqaal height^ with a choir at each end, a peculiar-
ity rarely seen in Rhenish churches. The octagonal ToweVf 170 ft.
high, commands a beautiful Tie w (220 steps; visitors ring near the
flying buttress to the right of the N. door of the tower).
llie Intebiob contains altar-pieces by Veit to the right and left of the
W. choir ; behind the high-altar are a late-Gothic tabernacle of 1600 and
four exquisite brass altar-columns of 1509. — The treasury contains several
interesting Orients^ and early-Romanesque objects, the dalmatic of St. Wil-
ligis, etc. 7" The late-Gothic Cloisters^ dating from 1499, entered from the
right aisle, 'are remarkable for their tasteful vaulting and windows; by the
B. w^l is the tombstone of Dean Wignandug (d. 10^).
The Stephan-Str. leads from the church to the S.E, to the
^Eisgrubweg*, where the Windmvthlenherg (PI. B, 3), an eminence
planted with lime-trees, commands one of the finest views of the
cathedral, between the houses. — Beyond the Alarm-Bastion is the
entrance to the citadel. ^
The Citadel (PI. A, 3*, adm. by cards, obtainable at the office
of the Commandant, see above; 60 pf.), which occupies ^e site of
the Roman oastrum, dates from the 17th century. In its S.W. cor-
ner rises the Drusui^Turm or EigeUUin^ a dark-grey, circular mass
of concrete, 40 ft. in height, said by tradition to have been erected in
the year B.O. 9 by the 2nd and 14th Legions in honour of Drusus
(p. 155), who was killed by a fall from his horse. The monument was
once much higher than at present, but there is no evidence that it
ever had an outer casing of masonry. In 1689 it was furnished with
a spiral staircase in the interior.
The *Aiilage (restaurant; music, p. 155), or public promenade,
on a slight eminence outside the Neutor{Y\. A, 4; tramway), on
the ^. side of the town, occupies the site of the electoral ch&teau
of FavofiU (removed in 1793). — The BaUway Bridge^ built In
1862, which here crosses the Rhine near its junction with the Main,
consists of four arches, each about 131 yds. in span. It commands
an admirable view of both rivers and of the town.
The WaU-Strasse (Pl.E, F, G, 1) begins behind the Central
Station, beyond the viaduct which carries the Binger-Str. over the
railway, and ascends the hill, commanding a striking view of
Biebrich, Wieabaden, the Tannua, and the Rheingau. I^ear the
Momba^her' Tor are the large Military Stores Factory ^ and the CavaUry
Barrack$ (distinguished by a gilded horse from the former electoral
stables).
By proceeding to the W. from the Binger-Tor (PI. £, 1), alongside
tne Hechtsheim railwav Q>. 154), we soon reach the Gemetery, which was
once the burial-ground of the Roman legions and of the earliest Christian
church (St Aureus). It deserves a visit for the sake of its situation and
its beautiful roses. In the new part is a lai^e crematorium. — About
Vf M. farther on, on a hill to the right of the village of Zahlbach, are
the remains of another interesting Roman structure, an Aqueduet, of
which 60 concrete pillars, some of th«m 23 ft. high, are still standing.
By tbis channel a supply of water for the use of the Roman oastle was
conducted from the Konigsbom (p. 166), a distance of about 6 M. Wt may
return to May^ice in 90 min. via the Gau-Tot (PI. 0, 3),
KREUZNAOH. 93. RouU. 166
The stem-tramway (p. 154) to Finthen diverges to the right from the
Zahlbach roftd near the cemetery, traverses the market-gardens of Oonsen-
heim (p. 386), passes the villa-colony of lenneberg (SdMou Hdteh new) or
L0niaberg^ and then ascends to Finihen (Fontanae)^ on the road to Bingen,
5 M. from Hayence. — From Finthen we proceed to the IT. vii (1/4 M.)
Kffnigsbom (inn), with the spring that furnished the main supply of the
Roman aqueduct (p. 1(>4), to the TiVz M.) Forsthav* LudtoigihdM (restau-
rant & pension) on the Leniahtrgj^ with view-tower, and to (3 M.) Budetiheim
(p. 141). A pleasanter route is offered by the direct wood-path from station
Lenneberg to (90 min.^ the Ludwigshdhe.
23. From Bingerbr&ck to Ereuznach, Saarbriicken,
and Hetz.'
137 M. Eailwat to (9V2 M.) Kreuznaeh in V4-V« hr. (fares 1 UT 30, 90,
60 pf.)^ to (88 M.) aaarhrUeken in 8-6 hrs. (fares 12 UV 80, 9 UV ^, ^ jt
70 pf.)-, to Mett in 4V»-6 hrs. (fares 18 UT 90, 13 UT 90, « UT W pf.).
The line begins at Bingtrhruck (pp.131, 140), on the left bank of
the Hahe^ skirts the S. slopes of tlie HwMmckj and traverses the pretty
▼alley of the Nahe , with its vineyards and cornfields, vl& Munsttty
Sarmsheimy and (3^/2 M.) Laubenheim. •*- From (5 M.) Langtn-^
lofisheim (Berliner Hof) a branch-line rnns to Hermtskdl (p. 202 ;
73 M^in 4 V2-5 hrs. ; fares 9 UlT 60, 7 UlT 10, 4 ulT 75 pf.) vii Strom-
berg (Post; Welnzheimer), RheinboUen (Hochwald Hotel), and 5(m-
mem (Vollrath ; Lamm; Post). — 7 M. Bretzenheim.
91/2 M. Kreumaoll. — There are two stations: 1. SUult Kreuznaeh^
V2 M. from the town, and IY4 M. from the Kurhaus; 2. Bad EriWinachy on
the E. side of the island on which the baths are situated. Hotel-omni-
hases and cabs (see below) await the arrival of the trains.
Hotels. In the town, on the left bank of the llahe: Aplsb, Hoch-Str.,
with garden, B. 2-5, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens. 6-10 Jl; Pfalzkh Hop, next the
post-oface, E. 2-6, B. «/<, D. 2V2, pens, from 6 •#, very fair. — Taubb, with
a popular wine-room, C^otschsb Haus, in the Holxmarkt, both nnpretend-
lug bnt well spoken of. — On the right bank of the Xahe: BAHHnoFS-
HOTBX., in Bad Kreuznaeh (p. 167), very fair, R. iy4-2V2 Jt, with garden-
restauranti BslkLiKEB Hof, Bismarck^Platz, R. lV4-2»/2, B. «/4, pens, i-bjff
Huff's Goldbkbk Hibsoh, at the comer of the Mannhefmer'Str. and Sa**
linen-Str., R. A B. 2-2^/4 •#, these three second-class. — Bath-houses and
hotels in and near the iBade-Insel, for patients, some of them closed in
winter: *EHaLiscBEB Hof and HStbl Rotal, with Hft, B. 2-20, B. lV4t
D. Wty pens, from T Jf; *Obahixbhof, with lift, private spring, and park,
B. 2>/t-b, B. i^u D. d, pens, from 8 Jly closed in wiftter^ Kauzknebbq,
B. 2-4, B. 1, D. (1.00 p.m.) 3, pens. 6-9 •#; Dheil-Schmidt, well spoken of;
EubopIisohsb Hof, B. 21/24, B. IV4, D* 8, pens. 7-9 Jt ; GsAMD^Hdrsi. no
VoBD, opposite the SliMdMth-QneUe, B. 3-8, B. 11/4, pens. 7Vt'12Uir; Kvb-
HAU8 HdixL; Db. Hbbmanh's Pbivatb Baths, R. 1-6, board 4Vs Jf. •—
Knmerons lodging-houses and pensions, nearly all with baths ^ highest
changes from loth June to 15th August.
Bettaaraata. At the hotels; HeilqmelUy near the small Bade-Brflcke ;
Park BeMtavranty BMftmey near the Eurhans bridge; Kaitorauy above the
island, at the foot of the Eauzenberg (p. 167), with garden.
Oabt. Drive in the town, 1-2 pers., with one horse 80 pf., with 2 horses
1 •# 20 pf. *, 3-4 pers. 1 UK 20 and 1 UV 60 pf. *, per hour, in the town 2 or 3 UV.
o«tli«e the town 2Vi or Sy* Jl; to the TheodorshaUe IVs and 2, or 2 and
2Vs t#« Carriages to the following places and back, with 2 hrs. stay : —
166 RouU 23.
KREUZNAOH. From Bingerhruck
Bheingrafen-
stein
Rhein^&f en-
stein via Man-
ster ......
Bheingrafen- '
stein,M{in8ter,
and the Ebem-
bnrg
l-horse
2-liorse
UTpf,
Ulfpf.
7.50
9-
9-
12-
10-
13.50
Miinster. . . .
Mtlnster (with-
out returning)
Ebembnrg,
Altenbanmbnrg,
or Bremitage .
Lohrer Htthle .
Botenfels . . .
Sponheim
1-hoise
4 —
2-
6 —
6-
9 —
7 —
2-hor8e
Jl pf.
6 —
8 —
9 —
7 —
12 —
10.60
Omnibut to Miinster am Stein every i/s ^^-t 30 pf.
Steam Tramways (starting from the Holzmarkt) to WalOtausen and
Wintti-burff, see p. 169. — Elbotbio Tbamwat to Miinster am Stein (p. 167),
Visitors' Tax, for one per^. 15 •#, for each addit. member of a family
b Jf; single ticket admitting to the grounds of the Knrhaus 50 pf.
Post and 'Telegraph OfAoe (PI. 3), in the Neustadt, on the left bank
of the Nahe.
English Ohuroh Service during the season at 11 a.m. and 5 p.m.
Krewmach (340 ft.), whicli from the 13tli to the 15th cent, was
the capital of the County of Sponheim , then belonged to the Pala-
tinate, and since 1814 has been Prussian , lies on the Nahe^ about
10 M. from the Rhine. Pop. 22,862, of whom two-flfths are Roman
Catholics. The river separates the Altstadt and the ^Badeviertel\ on
the right bank, from the Neustadty on the left, and above the town
forms the Bade-Inael, or Bath Island (see below). In the Altstadt are
the churches ot 8U WtWiom (Prot. ; PI. 6), 8U Wolfgang (B,. C),
and the Holy Cross (R. 0.) ; in the Neustadt is that of St, Nicholas
(R. C. ; PI. 7). Several bridges unite th^ different parts of the town.
The old stone bridge, which crosses the lower part of the island, and
on the buttresses of which several houses are built, affords a pictur-
esque view. The Protestant Church of 8t, Paul (PI. 5), on the
island, replaces an earlier edifice, destroyed in 1689. The ruins of
the Gothic choir of the latter, dating from 1330, were fitted up as
an English Chapel in 1857-63 (PI. 8). Adjoining the church is the
marble statue, by E. Cauer, of Dr. Prieger (d. 1863); in the Bis-
marck-Platz is a Statue of Bismarck^ by H. Cauer ri897) ; and in the
Elermarkt is a monument to Michel Mort (p. 167), by R. Cauer
(1902). The Public School, in the Kreuz-Strasse (Altstadt), contains
the municipal collection of Roman and medisBval antiquities (apply
to the janitor). —■ To the N. of the Altstadt, beside the glass-
works, is the Heidenmauer ('Heathens* Wall'), the remains of a
Roman fortification. A Prankish palace afterwards stood in this
neighbourhood.
Kreuznach is a watering-place of considerable repute , and is
visited by 7-8000 patients annuaUy. The Salt Baths, which are
particularly beneficial In cases of scrofula and cutaneous diseases,
are situated on and near the Bade-Insel, or BadexiodrtK The
principal street, flanked with hotels and lodging-houses, leads
from the church in a straight direction to the Karhani, with the
adjacent Badehaus or Bath House and the large Inhalatorium (a
toM€t% KBBUZNAGH. 28, Route. 167
double 'Gradir-Haas\ witli a antral passage). In the morning
and evening this is the rendezyons of the visitors , many of whom
drink the waters of the Eliia^eth-daelle • a spring containing bro-
mine and iodine , and rising from the porphyry rock at the S. end
of the island. In bad weather the promenaders take shelter in a
covered walk^ 130 yds. long. Concerts are given here thrice daily
in the season. Agate wares from Idar (p. 172) are offered for sale.
Below the chief bridge, on the Markn-Worthy Is a hospital managed
by Franciscan monks.
Opposite the Knrhans an iron bridge crosses the narrower arm
of the Nahe and connects the island with the pleasant ^BadevierteV,
consisting of baths and lodging-houses , on the right bank. The
street in a straight direction leads to the Bad Kreuxnach Station
(pp. 165, 169), V2 ^' ^'0°^ t^o Kurhaus. Near this station are a large
Deaconesses' Institute and the studio (PI. 2) of the brothers Cauer,
well known for their skilful treatment of subjects from the domains
of fairy-tale (* Sleeping Beauty*, 'Cinderella*, etc.). — The Cemetery^
on the road to Hackenhelm, contains a Q^rmania, in memory of the
war of 1870-71, and other spedmeni of their work.
On the N.W. side o€ the town , on the left bank of the Nahe
(ascent from the old bridge, or from the Bade-Insel, crossing the
iron suspension-bridge near the Kalserau •, toll 3 pf.), rises the
Schlosiherg or Xaozenberg (490 ft.) , with the ruins of a castle of
the Counts of Sponheim, destroyed by the French in 1689. The hill
Is laid out as private pleasure-grounds, only the principal avenue
of which is open to the public. The vineyards on its S. slopes
irield an excellent wine, called 'Kauzenberger*. The summit com-
mands a fine view of the valley. A lion hewn in stone, brought here
from Dhaun (p. 171), commemorates Michel Mort, a butcher of
Kreuznach , who sacrificed his life in the battle of Sprendlingen
(1279) to save his prince, Johann von Sponheim. Paths, with pictur-
esque views, lead hence by the wooded Haardt to the Rotenfels
(p. 169).
A fine *Roman Motede PavimmU^ 92 ft. long and 24V4 ft wide, was dis-
covered in 1898, in a very fair state of preservation^ on the HUfifelsheim
road, on the left bank of the Kahe, V4 1^ from tbe old bHdee (p. 166). It
represents eombats of wild beasts and gladiators (entr. by Ko. ^$ adm. 1 Jf),
On the right bank of the Nahe, the Salinen-'Strcuse leads past the
Hdt. Oranienhof (near which, to the right, is the suspension bridge)
and the Victor iasti ft, a charity hospital for children, to (1 M.) the
salt-works and ^GradirhSuser' (evaporating sheds) of Kftrlihalle
and Theodorshalle (HStel TulKus, Hdtel Schdbery both very fair,
R. 10-16 Jf per week; the Kurhaua Theodorshalle, with garden
extending to the wood is let to the Society of Prussian Civil Officials}
plain rfmts. In the Forsthaui), About 1^/2 M. farther on lies —
Kftnster am Stein. — Hotels (all with baths). *Sghuuok^8 Kubfads
HoTBL, by the Kur-Park, with d^pendance, B. 2i/s-3V2i B. IV4, D. 3, board
168 BouU2$. M0NST3£R AM STEIN. From Bingerbtuek
5Vt •#; *H«TBL BuBAT-Low, B. 8-8, B. 1, D. 8, peM. 6i/s-7 UT, closed in
winter; *HdTKL-BBSTADiUNT Zipp. at the station, B. ^Vr^i/t. B. 1, D. 3Vs UlT,
with garden; HdTSL Baum (KahlOi Enolisoebb Hop, B. 2-2V2, B. Vi, pens,
from 0 •#; Sohwan, simiktr ehwges, well q>ok6n of, etc. lYomerotla
private hotels.
Bestanranta. Kur-Oartem and Kurtaal; RabeP* CrnvtraH-Cafi^ between
the station and the Euxgarten.
Vititort* Tax for 1 pers. 12, 2 pers. 17, 3 pers. 20, 4 pers. 23, 6 pers.
26 Jt. Adm. to the Kur-Garten 25 pf.
Munster am Stein (370 ft.; rail, stat., see p. 169), a Tillage
pleasantly situated at the foot of the Bhelngrafensteln and the Gane,
also possesses salt-springs, and hat of late years acqoiied import-
ance as a watering-place (4500 patients annually). The waters o
the principal salt-spring (37^ are conducted directly to the bathsi
which are well fitted up. The well-shaded Knr-Qarten is connected
with the springs by a covered way. MiinBter am Stein is on the
whole less expensive than Kreuznach.
The *Bheingrftfenateiii (770fl.), a picturesque dilt of por-
phyry, here rises 426 ft almost perpendicularly from the Nahe. We
cross the river by the ferry near tiie saline springs, and ascend the
Hutteri'Tal (restaurant) by a path whieh leads to the ruin in V2 ^^
(the highest point is reached by a flight of stone steps ascending
through the rocks). The boldly situated rSined castle, buUt in the
12th cent., once the residence of the 'Rheingrafen* (Rhenish counts),
was blown up by the French in 1689.
Fboh Kbbuznaoh to thb Gavs, BHBnroBAPBirsTBnf, and KGkstbb am
Stbim, a beautiful walk of 2V4-2Vs y^rs,\ route hardly lo be mistalsen. Aboaft
100 paces beyond the small temple on the Kukbm'g (!>/« M. to the 6« of
the Bad Ereusnach Station; comp. Map) a path diverges to the right from
the road, leading through vineyitfds and wood, and joining the road again
beyond the (Vs hr.) Rheingraif4n$Uiiur Bof (restaurant). About 6 min,
farther on, near the Bhdi^afvMttinMr Schldsi^tn, a path ascends in 1/4 ^^»
to the top of the Oans (10!&ft.), an indented ridge of porphyry, com-
manding an extensive view, embracing the Kahe-Tal as far as Bingen and
part of tile Bheingau. -^ From the Otms a fleld*road (diteetion-post) mas
towards the 8. through the wood to the (26 min.) Bheingrafenstein. Descent
to the Nahe through the Hntten-Tal (see above; Vihr.). — By passing to the
left of the Bheingrafensteiner Hof we reaeh (3o min.) the Behd^ftrplaekent
where the boundaries of Prussia, Bavaria, and Hesse meet. Thence to
the right to the Altenbanmburg (see below), ^/t hr.
Opposite the Rhelngrafenstein , to the W. , about Ys hr. firom
the Munster am Stein station (carr. 2^3 Jf^ ^eie and back 4 .4^),
rises the ^EbembuKg, once the stronghold of Franz von Sickingen
(1481-1523), and at that time often an asylum for outlaws and
fugitives, foremost among whom ranks Ulrieh von Hutten, the
reformer, who resided here in 1520-22. We cross the bridge (toll
3 pf .) and ascend to the right, passing several inns (near ^he station
of Ebernburg, p. 170). The castle was fortified by the French in .
1689, but was again dismantled at the Peace of Ryswyck (1698).
Out of the ruins rises a quaint, pinnacled building, fitted up as
an Inn, Below tiie castle is a Monument to Sickingen and HuUej^, by
K. Cauer, erected in 1889. Fine prospect of the grand environs.
ioMtit. ALSENZ. . 23^Boute. 169
The view from the Sotdnfeli (1036 ft.), a barren red porphyry
cliff 3 M. from Kreuznach and 1^/2 M. from MtLnster am Stein,
surpasses that from the Gans, as it extends farther up the valley of the
Nahe and embraces the Alsenz-Tal as far as the ruin of Landsberg,
A charming ezcorsion from Hiinster am Stein may be made through
the ffutten-Talf and finally throngh beautiful woods, to the (iV4 hr.)
Altenbaiimlrare (Riifaurant)^ an esctensire ruined castle destroyed by the
French in 1689, the ancestral seat of the ancient ^Raugrafen'*, and formerly
called the Boymuineburgi or Croneburg. Another route is by railway to
Altenhamberg (see below) and then on foot to C^ min.) the Altenbaumburg
(comn. the Map). ^— The ruins of the chsLteau of Montfort (destroyed in
the l5ih cent.) may be reached from Miinster, by the Tillages of Ehem-
burg and Binaert, in 2 hrs. (refreshments at the Jiontforter Bo/). — The
*Lemberg (1312 ft.), which rises precipitously from the 17ahe, near Blngert
(l*/4 hr. fh)m HtUiBter), commands an extensire panorama. The descent
may be made to the (^ min.) Ditchroth-Oberhaus4n station (p. 297) or by the
bridge of Oberhausen and through wood, finally trayersing the TrumbacMcd
to (IV4 hr.) Stat. Niedtrhauien (p. 170).
Fbom Ekbuzrach to Wallrausbn, 6V> M., steam-tramway in Vs br.
— About IVa M. beyond Wallhausen is DaJherg^ with the ruins of the
ancestral seat of the family of that name. Farther on are (3 H.) Weiuenfelt
(view) ...nd Argeruchteang^ with a ruined castle.
Fkom Kbeoznach to WnrTEBBtmo, 11 M., 6team>tramway in l-l»/4 hr. —
6 K. Burg-Sponh«im, with the ruined castle of the Sponheim family. About
1 H. oflf is the village of Spanheimy with the fine Bomanesqne church (1123)
of the former Benedictine Abbey , of which the learned Johannes Trithe-
mius (p. 202) was abbot in 1484-1506. It occupies the Site of an older
irtmcture and has been restored. -^ 11 M. WinteHntrg.
Bail-wat to SAABBRtJoKBN AND Mbtz. The district between
KTenznach and Waldbockelheim (p. 170) and the neighbourhood
of Oberstein are the most picturesque portions of the line. Leading
the principal station at Kreuznach, the train crosses the Nahe, ttops
at the Bad^Kreuxnaeh station (p. 165), and skirts the base of the
Oans (p. 168). To the left, where the train next crosses the Nahe,
rise the two curious pinnacles of the Rheingrafenstein (p. 168).
I2V2 M. MfUiiter am Stein (370 fL; Bail. Restaurant^ very fair,
see p. 167), junction for Kaiserslautern and for the ^strategic' rail-
way to Homhurg (p. 296).
FaoM HtosTXB am Stbih vo EAi8Basz.ATJTB&ir, 371/2 H., railway in
ea. 2 hrs. (farea 4 UT 80, 3 UV 20, 2 UV 10 pf.). — The line crosses the Nahe,
which here forms the boundary between Prussia and Bavaria, and beyond
0/i M.) Ebemburg (p. 168), ascends the valley of the AlsenM. — 2V« M.
AlUnbamberg lies at the foot of the Altenbaumburg (see above). '- SVs M.
Hoch$tdlttn.
7 M. Alteiti (Poit)^ a village with sandstone quarries. From Alsenz to
(4Vi M.) OaugrehweileTj diligence twice a day; then on foot through the
▼alley of the Appel to /&«» and viS WoMheim to FlonMm (comp. p. 286).
— On the hill to the right of (9Vt M.) UannweiUr is the ruin of Randeck.
10 H. Ba^9r/eld-Cdttn\ 12 M. DielMirchen.
14 If . Rookenhauten (Bahnhof Hotel), a considerable village, the best
atarting-point for the ascent of the Donnersberg (see p. 287). — I61/2 M.
Jmtw0it€r.
20 H. Winnweiler (Zum Donnertberg), an induatriouf village, with
iron-works and a copper-foundry, near the picturesque Falkensteiner-Tal,
with the ruin of FeOkenstein. — 22 M. Langmeil-UHnehweiler, junction for
the line from Alzey (see p. 286). — 24Vt M. Nenhefnebaih-Sembaeh. From
170 E.23.'Ji£ap,p.l68. SOBERKSEIM. From Bingtrbtiiok
(27 M.) Snkenbaeh the direct line to C83Vs K.) Saiierslauttm (p. 286)
diyerges to the right via (31 Vt H.) EteUfUrth. — The main line continues
to (31 M.) Boehgpeper, where it joins the ^Pfalsische Ludwlgsbahn* (p^, 294).
— 37Va M. Kaiserslauterny see p. 296.
Beyond a cutting the Ebemburg (p. 168) appears on the left.
The train next rans between the Nahe and the base of the preci-
pitous BoimfeU (p. 169), and passes through two tunnels. Trom
fi6 M/) Nitderhaustn the Lemberg may be ascended in I1/4 hr,
^p. 160). On the right rises an abrupt rock, crowned with the ruins
of Bockelheim, destroyed by the French In 1688, In which the Emp,
Henry IV. was kept prisoner by his son Henry V. In 1 105. — 19 V2 M.
Wald'Bdckelheim lies 2 M. to the N. of the station (diligence thrice
daily). The above-mentioned ruins are 1 M. from the station, and
Burg-Sponheim (p. 168) Is about II/2 M. from the Tillage.
Emerging from the next tunnel, we observe on the left, beyond
the Nahe (20 min. to the E. of Staudernheim), the ruins of Disi-
bodenbergi a Benedictine (subsequently Cistercian) abbey named
after the Irish bishop Disibodus (d. about 700), the first propagator
of Christianity in this district, which was annexed during the Re-
formation by the Dukes of Zweibriicken and is now private property.
Little is left of the buildings beyond the foundations. The abbey*
church, consecrated in 1143, was an imposing edifice with piUars ;
the vaulting of the choir, whieh was composed of nave and aisles^
was borne by imbedded columns. The secular portions of the
monastery are in the Gothic style ef the 13th century. wMjoin-
ing the church were the cloisters, and to the right of them the
chapter-house. Farther to the W. was the residence of the abhot,
with a view over the valley of the Nahe, and to the E. was the rer
feetory, of which the gable- walls are still standing. The custodian
shows a number of Gothic fragments (chiefly keystones) from the
old building, which are collected In a vault. The pleasure-grounds
around the ruins afford a good survey of the valleys of the Nahe
and its affluent the Olan (rfmts. on Sun.).
22 Y2 M. Staudernheim (460 ft. ; 8almen^ good and moderate)
lies to the left, on the right bank of the Nahe, connected with the
station by the five-arched *Landgrafen-Brucke\ A branch-railway
runs hence to (21/2 M.) Odemhcim (p. 297). '
24 M. Sobemheim (500 ft.; Post; AdUr) is a small town of
some antiquity, partly enclosed by a wall. Pop. 3478. It possesses
a late-Gothic church, an old Maltese Chapel adjoined by a former
lodge of the order (now a school), and several picturesque old houses.
27 M. Monzingen (Dick's Hotel, fair) lies to the right, on the
vine-dad slopes.
From Monzingen a road leads through the Boxtal to the pleasai^
health-resort of Waldfriedt (1320 ft. ; pens. 4-5 Jl\ whence various excur-
sions may be made.
291/2 M. Martinstein (Seipel), curiously built on a rock, vrith
its church on an eminence surrounded by a fine group of trees.
toMei%, KIRN. Map,p,168,'-2d,Soute. 171
The station Is Vs^* ^^^ ^® village. Beyond it, in a valley opening
on the tight, aie situated the rains of Schlosa Dhaun, The Keller^
bach traverses an imposing rooky gorge.
*Bohlo(is Sluuui , ttie seat of a branch of the Bheingrafen which be-
came extinct in 1760, was erected in the 12th cent., and greatly extend-
ed in 1729. This strikingly -pietaresque castle is sitaated 6 M. firom
H onzingen , 2V4 H. from Martinstein, and S^/s M. from Kim (see below ; '
carriage V/t Jt)- A relief over one of the. doors, representing an ape
giving an apple to a child, commemorates the incident that a child of
one of the Counts was carried off by an ape, but fortunately recovered.
Kagniflcent view of the valley of the Nahe as far as the Lemberg, of the
Simmer-Tal, and of the dark ravines of the Soonwald. Admission, including
fee to attendant, 30 pf. ^ear the entrance is an inn.
On an eminence to the right stands the church of JohannUhtrg'^
which contains ancient tombstones of the Rheingrafen. The train
next passes through a tunnel and reaches —
33 M. Kim (595 ft. ; 8tfo\ at the station, very fair, R. & B. 2 V4-
28/4 J(), a thriving little town (6588 inhab.), with tanneries. In
the iSth century it was the residence of the Princes of Salm-Kyr-
buig, the last of whom was guillotined at Paris in 1794. The old
Romanesque church, lately restored, with a Gothic choir of the
15th cent, contains a fine tabernacle and several tombs of the Rhein-
grafen. Above the town, 1 M. from the station, is the ruin of JTyr-
hufg (restaurant), surrounded with vineyards.
The valley now expands, but the line again enters a mountain-
ous district at (35 M.) Kim'Sulzhachj where the cliffs become more
abrupt. The most interesting part of the line in point of constrac-
tion is between Eirn and Birkenfeld, where there are no fewer than
twenty bridges over the Nahe and ten tunnels, while the whole of
the remaining part of the line has five bridges and five tunnels
only. Near (38 M.) Fischbach (Post) the train crosses to the right
bank. — 39 M. Nahbollenbaeh, Then follow two bridges, with a
tunnel between them. To the right a ♦View of the ^Fallen Rock*
is obtained, and then of Oberstein, situated most picturesquely on
both banks of the Nahe.
42 V2 M. Oberstein (870 ft. j ^Restaurant at the station, with pa-
viUon and view ; Post, R. 1 V2-^, B. 8/4, I>. IV4 ^> ^^f^^^i ^^ *^e town,
near the new bridge, both very fair ; agates sold at many shops), a
town with 9669 inhab., is one of the finest points on the Nahe. The
precipitous cliffs, 400 ft. in height, which confine the town within
narrow limits, are crowned with two ruined castles of the Barons of
Oberstein, who became extinct in 1670. The best way to the castles
(there and back 11/2 l^O ^ ^^^ *Burgweg*, ascending to the right
beyond the *Posf . By tills route we first reach the Neuc ScUosb
(restaurant; Hdtel Bach, higher up), which has only of late
fallen to decay, and then, beyond a hollow containing a War Monu-
ment (1870-71), the ♦AJte Bt4rp, situated almost perpendicularly
above the town. About 5 min. higher is a pavilion commanding a
very extensive ♦View. We may now return by the Protestant
172 BouU^S. BIBK£N¥^LB. From BingetMM
Churdh, cariously bnilt into the face of the rook about halfway down
(200 ft. above the Nahe), and said to have been erected in the i2tii
cent, by a member of the Oberstein family with hit own hands, ai
an atonement for fratricide ; it was restored in 1482. The sexton
lives close by. The Gothic Roman Catholie Church lies on the right
bank of the Nahe, near the railway-station.
From Oberstein an electric tramway rnna in 23 min. to Idar (Bdtel
SchHttenho/y very fair, S. 1^2-2 jM)^ a place with 4800 inh&b., most of whom
are occupied in cutting and polishing agates, an industry that dates back to
the 16f;h century. Agates were formerly fonnd here in abundance, but their
place is now taken mainly by stones of similar character from Brasil and
the East Indies. A process has been discoyered by which colourless agates
are converted into onyxes, sardonyxes, etc., by the addition of colouring '
matter. Idar possesses a Grewerbehalle, or industrial hall, in which these
wares are sold at officially-regulated prices.
431/2 M. EnzxDtiUr; 46 M. Sonntnherg ; 47 M. KrotwoeiUr;
48 V2 M. NoUn; 50 V2 M. Heimhach; 52 M. Hoppstdtten, — From
(5372 M-) Birkenfeld'-Neubruche a brandi-line diverges to (3 M.)
Birkenfeld (1315 ft.; Post, R. l3/i-2V2 ^, Neue Post, both very
fair), the capital (2258 inhab.) of the principality of Birkenfeld,
now belonging to the Duchy of Oldenburg, with a rained castle
(1 1th cent.) of the Counts of Sponheim. — On the road to Bem-
castel, beyond (3^2 M.) the small Hamlach Sauerbrunnen (baths),
lies (7 M.) Huttgeawasen (2300 ft. ; Gethmann, pens. 41/2 Jf\ the
highest inhabited spot in the province of the Rhine, surrounded with
wood, and visited as a summer-resort.
56 M. Nohftlden, with an old keep. — 57^2 M. TurkUmvLkU, the
junction of a branch-line to (14 M.) Hermeskeil (p. 202), vi4 (7 M.)
Otzcnhauaen and (9 M.) NonnweiUr (to Neunkirchen, see below).
The Ennnenring, near Otzenhautei,, with a circumference of nearly
1 M., is the largest and best-preserved of the prehistoric fortifications in
the Bhineland. It consists of loose . blocks of sandstone^ and is highest
(60 ft.) on the K. side.
The line now attains the culminating point (1270 ft.) between the
Nahe and Blies at (59 M.) Wallhauaeny and then descends rapidly
vi4 Nanibom and Hoftld to —
66 M. St. Wwidel (970 ft.; KnoU, R. & B. 2Vi-3i/8, D.2i/4ur),
a district- town of 6215 inhab., with a fl^ne old Gothic church con*
taining a pulpit of 1462.
About 7V« M. to the W. (dilifenee daUy in l^^ hr.) is the small town
of Thole J, formerly the seat of a Benedictine abbey, the early-Gothie
church of which still exists, at the foot of the ScTiaumberg (1835 ft.), a vol-
eanie hill commanding a fine view. Kumerons Roman antiquides have
been found in the eavu>ons<
69 M. mederlif%xvjeiler; 71 M. OUweiUr (860. ft 5 H6tel Haass),
with 6100 inhabitants. The train now passes through the WUbeh-
kirchen Tunnel, 400 yds. in length, and reaches the impwtant ooil-
mining district of the Saar. About 11,000,000 tons of cosl are
annually produced in this region, five-sixths of which are raised
rom mines belonging to the Prussian government.
to MeU, SAABBRtOKEN. 28. Route. 173
75V2 M. Keimldrclieii (845 ft ; Au, near the 1>ridge ; Post, neat
the station), a town with 32,858 inhah., is the junction of the
Mannheim line (R. 37). Large iion-woiks (5000 workmen), in front
of which rises a statne of the late proprietor Freiherr von Stumm'^
Halberg (d. 1901), by Schaper (1902).
Keiinkirehon is also connected with Saarbriicken by another line (16 H.),
passing Sck^fueiUr, QuirMcheidf Ckui^^hauien, and BcMHfmUJUe,
Beyond (TTi/o M.) Reden (925 ft) is the Bildstock Tunnel (517
yds.). — From (81 M.) Friedrichsihal (970 ft,) an electric tramway
runs to Saarbriicken. — 83 M. 8ul%bach; Sby^M. Dudweiler(7Q0h.).
88 M. St. JolMym*8Mrbrftekeii. -> HoteU (Ufts, electric light, and
liot'«ir heating in ike laicer honses). *B«bini8Chbb Hof, Bahnhof-Str., Vs M.
from the station, B. 2i^-5, B. 1, D. 3 UK; ^Mkssmbb, YictoriarPlatz, near
the station, with good wine-room (*Malepartns'), similar charges; *Schwan,
Kalser-Str., near the station, D. 31/2 •#, with restaurant) TBRMnfos, op-
poaite the station, B. 2-3l/tU», with restaurant; Koen, yery fair, B. from
i •# 80 pf., p. 2 •#. — In JSaarMickmt HOt. Bbistol, with restaurant and
farden. — Beer at the Alte and the New M^chtner Kindly both in St.
ohann. * achlou-Oafi^ by the ICew Bridge in St. Johann. — Biver Bathi
above the old bridge.
EuiOTBio Tbamwats from St. Johann to Saarbriicken, either direct across
the ^ew Bridge, or yH Malstatt-Burbach and the new Kaiser-Wilhelm-
Brlieke; continuation to St. Amual (p. 174).
8t. Joharm (24,126 inhab.), now united with Burhach^MaUtatt
(88,533 inhab.; p. 180), and Saarbriicken (26,942 inhab.) are two
sitter-'towns on the right and left bank of the Saar, united with each
other by three bridges.
St. Johann, with the railway-station, is entirely modem, dating
its importance from the constmction of the railway, which does not
touch Saarbracken. From the station the Reichs-Str. and Yictoria-
Str. lead to the Neue BrUcke (new bridge), below which is the in-
teresting coal -harbour (comp. p. 172). On the AUe Briieke (old
bridge) it an equestrian Statue of Emperor William /., by Donndorf.
Down to 1793 Saarbi&cken was the residence of the Princes of
Nassau- Saarbrflcken , whose Schlose, burned 4own by the French
revolutionary army in that year, is now private property. The
ScUosskirche contains monuments of the princes. In the Schloss-
Platz is a Statue of Biemarck, by Donndorf. The hall of the Rat-
kmu§ at SaaibrtLeken is decorated with frescoes by Werner, com-
memorating the events of 19th July to 9th Aug., 1870 (see below).
— A narrow road leads from the Schloss-Platz to the Triller, an
eminence with gardens, commanding a line view. — The Ludwigs-
Kirche dates from 1762-75.
Railway to Treves, see R. 24 ; to SaargemQnd, Hagenau, and
Strassburg, see R. 41 ; to St. Ingbert and Zweibracken, see p. 303.
On the heights of apichenn^ about 3 K. to the 8. of Saarbriicken, on
6th Aug., 1870, a sharp engagement took place between theProMlans and
French, in whkb the latter, although numerically superior, were obliged
to retreat. A visit to the battlefield occupies 84 hrs. (carr. ca» 12 UT, at the
statloa, etc.). The Meta road is followed, passing the (IVs H*) Ehrenua, the
burial-place of the German BoMien who fell at Spictk^ven, and Aa UK-) toll
174 Route 23. METZ. From Bingerbtuek
house and *Ooldene Bremm" inn, n^ar whieh is the Spiek$r*r Berg Hotel, with
a collection of relics of the battle. On the left rises the Spicherer Berg
(875 ft.)« with its steep abd scantily -wooded slopes, a strong position
in which the French had intrenched themselves. The Ctermans began
the attack from the right and left side of the road, and from the Wiuter-
berfft a hill about 1 H. to the S.B. of Saarbriicken. A tow«r erected liere to
commemorate the victory commands a good survey of the battlefield.
At St. Amnal, IVs H. to the S.E. of Saarbriicken , on the B. side of
the Winterberg, is a ^Church (1270-1315) in the best Gothic style, with re-
markably fine font and pulpit, and interesting monuments of the CSounts
of Kassau-Saarbrucken. Opposite is the Batberff, with the modem ch&teau
of the late Freiherr von Stumm (p. 173).
The Railway to Mbtz crosses the Soar, traverses tlie battlefield
of 6th Aug., 1870, and passes (5 M.) Stierin^m and tiie little town of
(6 M.) Forhaeh (Karsch, R. & B. 21/2, D. Ind. wine 2% Jf), with
8200 Inhabitants. To tlie left, in the distance, rises the hill of
Spicheren (see above*^. The country beyond Forbach is undulating.
9 M. Koehem* At (II1/4M.) Btningen diverge branch-lines foi Saa/r^
gemund (p. 317) and for Teterchen (see below) And. Diedenhofen
(p. 190> Next (I33/4 M.) Oberbomburg on the Bossel, (18 M*)
St. Avoid, (23 M.) Tetingen, (25 M.) Falkenberg, (28 M.) Mai-
weiUry (31 1/4 M.) Herlingm, (35V2M.) Remilly, and (41 1/2 M.) Cowr-
celUSj all frequently mentioned in the annals of the Franco-Prussian
war. (Branch-line from Oourcelles to Teterchen and Bous, 32 M.,
see p. 190.) 45 M. Peltre. — On the right rises Fort Qoeben.
49 M. Ketl. — Hotels. *Qkakd-H6tbl (formerly mt, d» VEutepe;
PI. a, C, 4), Priester-Str. 4, B. 2V«-5, d^j. SVa, D. 8Uff •Qm4irD-H6Ma. j>k
Kbtz (PI. b) C, 4), opposite, B. 2-4, d^. 2, D. SUT; HOtbi. Botal, Kaiser
Wilhelm Ring, at the Central Station, new. — H6tel ©"•Anoletebbe (PI. d 5
G, 4), Korn-Str. 4, near the catbedral, commercial; HStbl db Paeib (PI. O;
0, 4), Kammer-Plats; Hdr. db LuxbIcboubo, Eomer-Str. 55; Hdr. od Nobd,
Steinweg 4, with restaurant and summer-theatre ; HdTBL zub Post, Priester-
Str. 38, B. from IV2 «#, B. 80 pf., D. 2 •#; BheiKischek Hop, £splanaden>
Str., with restaurant*
Beataurantt. MoU/eier^ Kapellen-Str. 4, a^eining the Bomer-Str. ; Kaimr-
Pavilion, see below. —Wine. KUJen, Tuch-Str.; Meinieehe Wein»ttibe,Otold'
kopf-Strasse. — Beeb. Oeitnania, Bdmer-AUee (PI. B,6) ; Bnfgerbr&u^tABer-
Wilhelm'Platz, with garden; LOtoenbrOu, Steinweg (PL B, 4); m/brdu,
Bank-Str. (PI. B, 4)$ FrantUkaner, Kammer-Plata.
Oafes., ''Kaiser-PaviaQn, on the Esplanade (PI. B, 5), with view of the
the valley of Moselle, the heights of Grivelotte, and Fort Friedrich Earl;
Cafi Twre, Esplanaden-Str. ; Cafi Central, Parade-Plata.
£le«trio Tramways from the Cathedral to Uontiffnif; to LongwiOe and
MouHvm; to Devant-lee-PofUsf and to other points (transfer-tickets).
Cabs. Taxameter Cabs, For 1-2 pers. per 1000 metres 50 pf.. each addit.
600 metres 10 pf. ; 3-4 pers. per 750 metres 50 pf., «ach addlt. 875 metres
10 pf; at nieht, 1-4 pers. per 500 metres 60 pf., each addit. 250mares 10 pf.
Each box 20 pf. — Ordinary Cabs. Per drive within the town, 1-2 pars.
60 pf., to or from the rail, stations 1 Jf, each pers. additional 20 pf.; per
Vthr. for 1-2 pers. 1 UT, a/* hr. 1 •# 40, 1 hr. 1 UT 60, each pers. addit. 20,
SO, 40 pf. — Carriages to the battlefields, 12, 16, 20, or 24 Jf, with ftoe,
according to the extent of the drive. Carriages should be hired at the
hotels, especially if the tourist inteoda to cross the French firontier.
Post OffifM, Post-Str. 23. — Telagra^h Offlee, Esplaaaden-Straase.
Maps and Dbsobvtioms of tha battlefields are sold at the bookshops.
Students of mlUtary matters will find LiebacKe 'Taktische Wanderung fiber
die Schlaehtfelder' (2ad ed.; 3 Jl.) of interest.
icitfs
TTkptsr i'O^em.TM^^r^
to Mett. METZ. 23. Route, 175
Met%, the fortlfled capital of German Lonaine and the head-
quarters of the 16th army-corps, with 60,791 inhab., more than a
half of whom are Germans, and a garrison of 26,600 men, lies in a
wide basin on the Moselle^ which, at the lower end of the town,
is joined by the 8tiUe on the right. It was the Divodwrwn of the
Romans, the chief town of the Gallic tribe of the Mtdiomatrici, It .
was the seat of a bishop in the 4th cent. ; became afterwards the
capital of the kingdom of Anstrasia; and in 670 passed into the
possession of Germany. Subsequently Metz was a free city of the
Oerman Empire, until it was taken by tiie French in 1552, and
Buooessfully maintained by them against Charles V . By the Peace
of 1556 it was ceded to the French, together with Toul and Yerdun,
and in 1871 It was again incorporated with the Empire of Germany.
The town is snrrounded by a ring of strong forts, and new advanced
forts have been erected at a distance of 6 M. Greit alterations have
taken place sinise the inner walls on the S. and W. sides were puUed
down. Roman graves of the 3rd cent, and masonry of the lltiii and
12th Were discovered near the station (PI. B, 6) in the course of
the demolition.
The ^EsPLAKABB (PL B, 5), which extends towards the S.W.
^f the town, is laid out in pleasant walks. On the E. side stands
a Statue of Marahal Ney (1769-1815), by Petre (1855). In the
middle of the Esplanade is an Equeitrian Statue ofEmp. William /.,
by Ferd. von Miller. Farther on, to the right, is a fountain with a
figure modelled by Pitre, and a bronze steed and other animals by
Fraiin. The W, part of the Esplanade affords a fine view of the
valley and the heights of St. Quentin. — The Boufflers Garden,
to the N., belonged to the residence of the French governor (1668),
now the Palaee of Justice (PI. B, 4). In it rises a Statue of Firinee
FfederU^ Charles^ who took Metz in 1870, by Ferd. von Miller
ri898). — In the Old Citadel (PI. B, 3) ft church of the Templars
(12th cent.?) has been laid bare. In the same neighbourhood stand
^he remains of the Church of St» Peter (7th cent.?)
The Prieeter-Strasae and BSmer-Straieey running to th6 N. from
the Esplanade and the EAtsBB^WnjiBLM«>PLAT2 (Bl. B, 5), are the
chief seats of business. The Fabert-Strasse, continuing the Priester-
Strasse, ends at the Pabadb-Platz (PI. C, 4), between the cathedral
and the 8tadthau$ (1771). The square is adorned with a Statue of
Marshal mabert (1559-16iB2), a native of Metz, who distlngmshed
himself in the campaigns of Louis XTV.
The *Cathbi>bal (PI. C, 4; St, Stephen), Hie finest edifice in
the town, is a magnificent Gothic structure, begun under the in-
fiuence of the Rheims school of arcMtecture in the second half of
the 19th century. Thd lofty nave was completed before 1392, the
choir dates from the 15th and 16th cent* and was oonieetated in
1546. A thoroughgoing restoration, under the superintendence of
Tomow, has been in hand since 1875, and both the W. fa^de, with
176 Boute23. MBTZ.
Ha huge window and elaborately soulptuied portal, and the Porte
de Notre Dame (Parade*Plalz) haTe been rebuilt. The interior (open
to Tisitors on week-days only, after 10.30 a.m. and after 3 p.m.)
produces a very harmonious effect. The fine stained-glass windows
in the S. aisle date from the 13th cent. ; those in the naye are of
• the 14th and 15th eent.; those in the transept and the choir are of
the 15th and early 16th cent ; and seyeral others are modern, Seyen
steps lead from the S. aisle to a chisel that was origin^ly the choir
of the independent church of Notre Dame-la-BotoMe. The chapel
of the Sacrament, futher on, has rich Taulting* In the N. aisle is
an old Roman bath msed as a font The crypt contains tombs of
14th cent bishops. The tower is 387 ft high (110 steps to the first
gallery, 105 more to the huge bell called the MuUi and 7d thence
to the highest gallery).
On the Moselle Island to the N.W. of the cathedral are the Pro^
vkhdal Offices (H. D, 8), formerly the French preldctuie (19th cent)|
and the Theatre (Idth cent.). Fine view of the cathedral, A Protestant
church has been built at the S. extremity of the island. ^~ On the
opposite bank of the river rise the Church of St, Vincent (PI. B, C, 3),
a fine Gothic structure begun in the 13th cent., but disfigured
externally with an unsuitable facade of the 18th cent, and the Pret
Military Church (PI. B, 3), in the Gothic style, with a tower 318 ft
in height.
The Library (PI. 0, 8), in the Bibliothek^Strasse, contains many
valuable works on the history of Lorraine and the town its^f. The
Museum, in the same building, is open on Sun. 10-1 and 2-4 and
on Wed. 1-4, gsatis; on other days 10-4, fee. It contains Boman
monuments and other antiquities found near Metz, a few medivval
objects, a collection of coins^ and an unimportant picture-gallery.
In tiie Qeisberg-Strasse, actjcmungUie Library, is the Austrasian
Palaee, erected on the site and partly with the materials of a Roman
palace in 1599. It has recently been rebuilt and now serves as a
commissariat- store. — The etrly*-OeYman Church of St. SegoUne
(PI. D, 3) has also been recently rebuilt.
The bridge between theGoldsohmied-Strasse ai^d the Deutschje-
Strasse (PI. 0, D, 4) affords a view of the lo|ty tanneries character-
istic of Metz. -^ The late-Qothic Church of St, Euoharius dates
originally from the 12th century. Owing to the demolition of the
town-walls, the stone-monuments belonging to the museum are to
be preserved in the DeuUch4 Tcr (PI. D, 4j 1448, restored in 1892J.
To the N. of the town is tiie ChornbUre Cemetery (adjoining PL D, 21
with a lofty Memorial to the French soldiers who died at Metz in 1870.
The railway from Metz to Verdun remains in G^man territory
as far as Amanweiler (91/2 M.^ in 3/4-I hr.). Stations : LongeviUe ;
Mofdine (electric tramway, see p. 174), situated at the entrance of
the valley of MonvauXy whie^ the train ascends; Chdtd^*Oerfn(Hn*
— Amamoeiler (restaurant) is IV4 M, from St ?rivat
Onwati!!! ^ /tt/Btilfy, ^ i^ruirsi -^ **''
\i.-k^^ fnfamiy ^:j fn^i'iitrf/, ^^^ Artitiertt
GftAVELOTTE. 23. Route, 177
The Battle Fields of 16th and 18th August, 1870, lie to ti&e W. of
Metz, on the road to Verdun. A visit to them oecnpies a whole day,
eren by carriage (aee p. 174). It is adrisable to send on the carriage in
advance and to join it at Noviant (p. 179) by an early train, and to return
by a late train from Amanweiler (p. 176). From Nov^ant we proceed
to (8 M.) Chrget Vionville 3*U M. ^ Rezonville 2 M. ; Oraveiotte 2 M. ; to
St. Hubert and back (on foot) 8 M. \ from Gravelotte to Veraiville 8 M. \
ate. Marie-auX'ChSne* 3 M. \ Bt. Frioat 2 M. ; AmonweiUr II/4 M. Cyclists
may adopt the foUowiDe route : from M^tz to LongevUle, 8 M. ; Les MouKns,
1V« M. ; Ifaison Neuve^ 1 M.; ChAtel St. Germain and Amantceaer^ 61/4 M.;
St. Frivat, 1V« tf . ; then by the Boncourt road to the (1/2 M.) Saxon Monument
and past the Monument of the 1st Guards Regiment to Sie. Marie-aux-ChSnes
(1 M.)i VerfUviae^ 8V4 ]*L \ Oraveiotte, 3 M. Tben to RezonvUle (21/2 M.), Fion-
vOle (2V2 M.), and Man-la-Tour (3M.), and back to Graveloite; visit the
ravine of St. Hubert (IVi M.) and return via (5V2 M.) Let AfoitHne to Metz,
4Vs ^ — Information on all points connected with the battles is given
by the keepers of the monuments and burial-grounds. — A commemorative
ceremony is held yearly on Aug. 15th in the ravine at Gravelotte, and the
graves are decked with flowers.
Those who desire to visit the Battle Field of the J8th Augwt only should
proceed by railway to Ar$ (p. 179); walk thence to (iV2 hr.) Oraveiotte;
visit the pavine of St. Hubert (1 hr. there and back) ; go on to (1 hr.) Verni-
vUle and via HabonviUe and St. AH to riV4 hr.) Ste. Marie-aux-ChSnet, proceed
to (V4 hr.) St. Privat and thence to Qjz hr.) Amanwe&er (50 min. direct from
Vem^villeJ, whence the return to Mets is made by railway.
Oraveiotte {Cheval cfOr^ Foti, both very fair), formed the centre of the
right wing of the German position, ccnsistiue of the 7th and 8th Prussian
Corps (commanded by Zastrow and G oeben under Steinmetz), which towards
evening were supported by the 2nd Corps (under Fransecky). At the E.
end of the village is a large soldiers* cemetery, to which most of the
graves scattered over the plain have been removed. Adjoining is a large
*]Iemorial Colonnade, with an Angel of the Resurrection in bronze-gilt
by L. Caller, busts of the German leaders and generals round Ifetz, and
memorials of the fallen (1906).
The road descends into the wooded ravine of Gravelotte, through
which the 8th Prussian corps had to defile. Numerous regimental mon«
uments bear witness to the terrible losses of the attacking party. The inn
of St. Hubert was captured by the Germans in the course of the afternoon.
The height of Point du Jour^ now crowned by a fort and inaccessible, was
the chief 'point d'appui' of the left wing of the French army (composed
of the 2nd Corps under Frossard and the 3rd Corps under Lebceuf), the
lines of which extended to Roserieulles. The French maintained their
position until nightfall, but retreated on the morning of the 19th.
In the middle of the village, the road divides, both branches leading
to Verdun. On that to the right (K.) lies the farm of Mogador^ near which
is a rock with an inscription, marking the spot whence Emp. William
witnessed the battle; it affords a good survey of the farms of Point-dU'Jour,
Moscou, Leipzig^ Montigny-la-Orange, etc., on the opposite heights, then
occupied by the French. Malmaison, the next farm on this road, was oc-
cupied by the 9th Prussian Corps d^Arm^e (under Manstein), the lines of
which extended along the road diverging to the right as far as (IV4 M.)
Vemeville. To the W. of the village (reached by the road diverging to
the left) is a handsome Monument to some of the fallen Germans. We
now cross the field to the right and reach the road to Amanweiler. The
villages of Habonville and St. Ail, from which the right wing of the guards
(under Prince Augustus of Wurtemberg) and behind it the reserve of the
10th Corps (under Voigts-Rhetz) advanced, are on French territory ; Sainte
Marie-aux-CMne» ^ s/4 M. farther on, the centre of the left wing of the
guards, now belongs to Germany. Here there is a French monument.
Farther N. are Montoit4a-Jfouiagne and Malancourt, where the left wing
of the German line of battle was terminated by the Saxon corps (under
the Crown Prince of Saxony). The right Wing of the French opposite
(consisting of the 4th Corps under Ladmirault, and the 6th Corps under
Baei>bkss's Rhine. 16th Edit. 12
178 B. 23. r- Map.p. 176. BIARS-LA-TOUB. Battlefields
Canrobert) was posted by the yillages of Roncourt and St. Pri^at (inn), on
the road, opposite 6te. Marie, both of which were taken in the evening
by an attack of the guards and the Saxons, whereupon the right French
wing retreated towards Mets in great confusion. Several Monumentt have
been erected to the Oermans on the road from Ste. Marie to St. Privat. —
The eight German Corps d'Arm^e engaged in this battle numbered about
230,000 men, opposed to whom were 180,000 French. The Oermans lost
899 officers and 19,260 men; the French 609 officers and 11,705 men.
The Battle Field of the 16th August adjoins that above described, and may
be conveniently visited by taking the train to Noviant (p. 179) and the
hotel-omnibus or motor-omnibus thence to (2i^M.) Oorze (Lion cTOty very
fair: open carr. to visit the battlefield 4-5 jK). Walkers proceed ftrom Gorze
vii Flavigny to (IVa br.) Vionville and thence to (*ft hr.) Resonville and
back to (iy4 hr.) Gforze. — Mars-la-Tour is visited from Pagny (p. 179).
The object of the German attack was to prevent the French retreating
towards the W. — The position of the French was principally supported
on the left by the village of Besonville, situated 3 M. to the N. of Gorze
and l»/4 M. to the W. of Gravelotte^ King William spent the night of
18-19th Aug. in the last house to the W. (tablet). (A little to the 8. of
the village, at the end of the ravine ascending from Gorze, mentioned
above, is a monument to the commander of the 72nd Regiment, who fell
at this spot \ good view hence.) About 2 M. farther on lies viouTille, which
was occupied soon after the beginning of the battle by detachments of
the 3rd Corps d^Armde (Brandenburgers). Farther advance was. however,
impossible in the face of the great numerical superiority of the French
troops. To prevent the progress of the French, a desperate attack was
made on their artillery and infantry by the German cuirassiers and uhlans,
who, however, had eventually to retire before the overwhelming masses
of the French cavalry. A monument to the N. of Rezonvllle marks the
scene of this gallant episode. After 5 p.m. repeated attacks were made
from the S. by the 8th Army Corps and the Hesse-Darmstadt Division, but
the withering fire on both sides prevented any definite result. In the
meantime a not less bloody act of the terrible drama was taking place to
the W. of Vionville. near TronvUle and Kars-la-Tour, where the lOth Army
Corps, with part or the 9th, managed to hold the numerically superior
enemy. About 6.45 p.m. took place the finest cavalry engagement in the
whole war, when six regiments of French horse were routed by 21 squad-
rons of Prussian cavalry (Bheinbaben Division). Numerous monuments
dot the battlefield, many of them on the French side of the frontier. Beyond
Mars-la-Tour. near the rail, station, is the chief French monument, by
Bogino. — Tne battle of 16th Aug. was one of the bloodiest fought during
the whole war. In the course of the day no fewer than 138,000 French
troops and 476 guns were engaged at intervals, while the German forces
amounted to 67,0(X) mep with !^ guns. The French loss was estimated
at 879 officers and 16.128 men, and the German loss at 711 officers and
15,079 rank and file. The advantage lay, on the whole, with the Germans,
who prevented their opponents from re-opening the road to Verdun.
To the E. of Metz he the Battle Fields of J 4th Aug. and of 3 lit Aug.
and 1st Sept.y 1870. We take the diligence (thrice daily in IV4 hr.) to
NoUseviUt and walk via Bervigny and Colombey to (4^ hrs.) /W/fs, where we
reach the railway. — The former battle began between three and four
o'clock in the afternoon, and ended at 9 p.m. by the French being driven
back under the guns of Metz. The Germans have named it the battle of
Colombey-Nouilly y as the ground between these villages was the principal
object of attack (see Map). The result of the battle was to cause a fatal
delay in the intended march of the French to Verdun.
The battle of Slst Aug. and 1st Sept. was fought on the occasion
of the first and most determined attempt of Marshal Bazaine to break
through the German army which had surrounded Metz since 19th August.
The chief object of dispute was the small village ot Noittwille (see above),
5 M. from Metz, on the road to Saarlouis. The 4th and 6th Corps and
the guards of the French took the place about 6 p.m., soon after the
nearMett, COLOMBEY-NOUILLY. Mapyp.lTB. — ^a.R. 179
beginning of the battle ; they lost it about 9 p. m. and re-captnred it at
10 p. m. On the following day the Germans took the village three times
and lost it as often, bat at length about noon they succeeded in gaining
final possession of it. The principal German monuments rise to the S.
of the Tillage, and there are several others near Servigny to the N. of II,
and near Colombey to the S. 1?he German loss amounted to 126 officers
and 2850 men, and the French loss to 141 officers and 2664 men.
To the N. of MetK, not far from the road to Diedenhofen, lies Woipppy
where Basaine's last tortie^ on 7th Oct., terminated in the retreat of the
French after a battle of nine hours' duration. — At the chateau of Fret-
cati (now a barrack, see below), 23/4 M. to the S. of Metz, on 27th Oct,,
was signed the capitulation of Metz, whereby the fortress with 8 marshals,
50 generals, 6000 other officers, 178,000 men (including 20,000 sick and
wounded), 58 eagles, 66 mitrailleuses, 541 field-pieces, and 800 fortress-guns>
together with a vast quantity of other munitions of war, was surrendered
to the Germans.
From Mbtz to Pagnt, I21/2 M., railway in y^/4 hr. (fared
1 Ulf 60, 1 Ulf 10, 70 pf.). — The line ascends the picturesque and
well-peopled valley of the Moselle^ which flows between hills of mod->
erate height. Soon after leaving Metz, at the point wher6 the line
to Diedenhofen branches off to the right, we pass on the left Fort
8U Privat, now Prinz August von Wiirttemberg, and then the chateau
of Freacati (see above), embosomed in trees. A little farther on, the
train crosses the river and reaches (5 M.) Ars-sur^Moselle, with
several manufactories of sparkling wine. On the hill is the JTron-
prin% Fort. In the Moselle valley, between Ars and Jouy'-aux- Arches
(H6tel de TAqueduc Remain, at the N. end of the village) on the
right bank, about 6 M. from Metz, are situated extensive reinains of
a Roman Aqueduct erected by Drusus, which was once about 60 ft.
in height and 8/4 M. in length, and conducted water from the hills
on the left bank to Metz. At Ars there are seven, and at Jouy
eleven pillars still standing. On the hill of St. Blaise (1195 ft.) above
Jouy is the QrafEaeseUr Fort. — 7M. Ancy^ on the Moselle. — From
(872 M.) NovSanty the German frontier-station, an omnibus plies
thrice dally (onco on Sun.) to Gorze (p. 178). — 12^2 M. Pagny
is the French frontier -station. Thence to Na/ncy and Paris, see
Baedeker's Northern France.
From Metz to Trhves and Luxembourg, see pp. 190-188.
24. From Saarbriicken to Treves, and thence to
Ltizembourg and Hetz.
EAiLWAif to 7W««* (55 M.) in lV2-2Va hrs. (fares 7 UTIO, 5 UT 90, 8 U^
60 pf., express 7 •# 80, 5 UT 90. A UlT 20 pf.) ^ from Treves to Luxembourg
^ M.) in I-IV2 hr. (fares 4 UT 20, 2 UT 90, 1 Ui? 90 pf., Express 4 Jl 75,
SJliO,2Jf 40 pf.); from Trfeves to Metz via Diedenhofen (66 M.) in 2-3 hrs.
(fjires 8 Ur 40, 5 Ur 90, 3 Jl 90 pf.; express 9 UT 50, 6 Jk 80, 4ur SOpf.;
retom-tickets available via Luxembourg are issued).
SaarbrOeken, seep. 173. The line follows the course of the 8aar.
Numerous coal-mines, iron-foundries, steel -works, glass-works,
12*
180 ^.2i. — Map,p.i72. SAARLOUIS. FVom SaarbrUcken
and cbemioal manufactories are passed. — 2 M. Bufhojch-Malttatt
(p. 173), with a large foundry. 88/4 M. Luisenthaly also connected
with Saarbrilcken by tramway. From (6 M.) Volklingen (Kaiserhof ;
MfiUer-Etscheid), with a large foundry, a branch -line runs to
Wadgassent joining the line from Bous to Teterchen (p. 174). —
10 M. Bous, the junction of the line to Teterchen and Courcelles
(p. 174); 12 V2 M. Ensdorf, connected with Saarlouis by tramway.
14^/2 M. Saarlouis (^Rheiniacher Hof; Zwei Sasenjy 1 M. from
the rail, station, with 8300 inhab., formerly a fortress, constructed
in 1680-85 by Vauban for Louis XIV., is now used as a military
depdt only. The town lies on the left banX of the Saar. The Rat-
haus contains tapestry presented by Louis XIY. About 2 M. to
the N. (tramway) is Wallerfangen^ prettily situated, with a park
and the fayence manufactory of Messrs. Yilleroy & Boeb, who have
another large establishment^ at Merzig (see below).
17 M. Dillingen^ with large iron-works, is the junction for the
Niedtal line to Busendorf on the Diedenhofen (Thionville) and
Teterchen railway (12 V2 M.; see p. 190), and for a branch-line in
the Primstal to (8 M.) PrimsweUer, a station on .the railway from
Wemmetsweiler to Nonnweiler (p. 172). — 20 M.> Beekingcn;
22V2 M. Fremmtndorf,
24 M. Mersig (H6tel Hoffmann^ Trierscher Hofy both very fair;
Btlleoue; Post), an industrial town with 7500 inhab., on the wooded
right bank of the Saar, is of ancient origin ( Marciacum), The Roman
Catholic Church, a late-Bomanesque (transitional) basilica of the end
of the 12th cent., with a lofty dome over the crossing, round-arched
windows, and pointed arcades, was restored in 1887-88 and provided
with a mosaic flooring. The Gothic Ptotestant Church was built in
1865. The Rathaus dates from 1625. About 1 M. lower is a large
Lunatic Asylum^ behind which rises the Qalgenberg (view).
A light railway runt to BiUchfeld (on the Wemmetsweiler and Konn-
vreiler railway, p. 172).
The train now tunnels through the heights of Montclair, round
which the Saar makes a considerable circuit.
29 M. lUttlach(550 ft. ; Zwr-Sfaar, very fair), with 1530inhab. and
the imposing buildings of a suppressed Benedictine abbey (1737-71),
originally founded in the 8th cent, by St. Ludvinus, and now oc-
cupied by the extensive earthenware -factory of VUieroy ^ Boch
(2000 workmen). The modern parish-church contains a reliquary of
the 12th cent, and other valuable objects from the old treasury of
the abbey. The 'Museum' at the factory (application for adm. at
the hotel) contains specimens of the very tasteful productions of
the works since their establishment in 1810, and also numerous
pieces of ancient and modern pottery of all kinds. The pretty park,
with the ruined choir of the Romanesque Chapel of St, Ludvinus
(restored), is generally accessible to the public. Fine view from
the PaviUon (i/j M. ; restaurant). — On the left bank of the Saar
Jo Trhvas. SAARBURG. Map. p. 172. — 2d. B. 181
lies Keuchingeny an artizan colony, connected with Mettlacli by an
iron bridge.
From the Pavilion ^ee above) a pleasant forest-path ascends to C/i hr.)
the ruined castle of Montclair (iOw) ft. 5 •View), destroyed in 1350 by
Elector Baldwin of Treves (key kept by the park-keeper at Mettlach). —
On the left bank of the Saar, opposite the N. point of the Hontclair hills,
rises the Clef (1475 ft. j rfints. on Sun.), reached from Keucbingen in
1 Vx hr. by a white-marked path ascending to the left from the highroad.
The hill was once fortified as the key to this district.
The line follows the right bank of tibe Saar; picturesque scenery,
particularly near (94 M.) Tahen^ high above which to the left is the
Taben Chapel, commanding a fine view. — 38 M. Serrig is the
Isest starting-point for a visit to the Klaus or chapel of Castel, rising
on a precipitous rock on the right bank.
From the station we descend in 5 min. to the Saar, cross it by boat,
and descend the left bank for about 1(X) paces until a narrow side-valley
opens on the left. We ascend this to (25 min.) the entrance of the park
surrounding the chapel (if the p:ate is closed, Uie key must be called for
at the village of Ccutel, Vs H. distant). The *Elau«*, on a bold rock over-
hanging the Saar, is a chapel restored in 1838 by Frederick William IV.,
in which he deposited the bones of his ancestor, the blind king John of
^Bohemia, who fell at Cr^cy in 1346; the modem sarcophagus is of black
marble. Fine views of the Valley of the Saar and of Saarburg, which may
be reached from Serrig by a pleasant walk along the river in 1 hr.
4OY2 M. Beuriff is the station for —
Saarburg {*Postf Restaurant Thinnes^ both withgardens), pictur-
esquely situated in a basin, and commanded by the considerable ruins
of a castle of the Electors of Treves ; a tunnel leads under the castle
to the town. Pop. 2186. The Gothic Church of St. Lawrence was
erected in 1856. The Leuk^ which here unites with the Saar, forms
a waterfall, 60 ft. high, near the *Post\ The Pavilionj on the height
to the S., opposite the castle, commands a fine view.
In prehistoric times t^ie river below Saarburg described a
number of Hong loops, now left dry by subsequent changes in the
river-course. The celebrated vineyards at Ohfen and Wawem
lie to the E. and W. in one of these loops ending at (43 M.)
Schoden. — At (45 M.) Wiltingen remains of Roman buildings
were recently discovered. The lateral valley to the E., lower down,
in which lie Scharzhof and Oher-Emmel^ celebrated for their wines,
was another ancient river-loop, which joined the Moselle at Conz,
while the present river-course bends to the W. — 461/2 M. Canztm.
— 491/2 M- Com (265 ft.; Post), with 3300 inhab., is the Roman
Contionacum, whence several imperial edicts were dated. A few
remains of the imperial villa mentioned by Ausonius (p. 190) are
still recognisable near the church. Conz is also united with Treves
by a special branch -line (5 M.) passing the stations of Zewen
and Euren.
5OV2 M. Karthaus (pp. 188, 189), on the right bank of the
Moselle. — 531/2 M. Trier Sild.
55 M. Treves. — The Railway Station (PI. D, 8) is on the E. side
of the town. • To fkt left, ontside the entrance, is the station of the branch-
182 Route 24, TREVES. Ftaciical Notes.
line to Berncastel (p. 301). — The sUtion on the left bank of the Moselle
servea merel7 for the local traffie to Cons and Ehrang.
Hotels. *PoBTA NiGBA (PI. n; G, 3), in an open situation opposite th»
Porta Nigra, with restaurant and veranda, B. 8-7>/t, B. !»/«, D. 3 Jt ; HStri.
DK TBftvBs (Pi. a-, C,4), Brod Skr., with restaurant: Vbkedio (PI. d; B, 4),
Brucken-Str. 96, commercial, B. 2-8, B. 1, D. 2Vi*#; Post (PI. c? C, 4), in
the Eornmarkt, R. 2-3, pens. 5-6 Jl; HdrBL db Ldxbmboubo (PI. c ; C, 4),
R. 2Vr6, B. 1, D. 2V«, pens. 6-9 Uf; Dom-Hotbl (PI. b : C, 3), Markt, R. 3-3Vs,
B. 1 Jl; Ankbb, cor. of Metiel-8tr. and JohannisStr. (PI. B, 4), R. IVa,
D. i-VfiJ(^ well spoken ot; H6t. KuBFeBST (PI. k; B, 6), Kaiser-8tr. 80,
B. A B. 2Vr5 Jf. — Near the rail, station: Biichshof, B. W, D. 2 •#, very
fairj Bahnhofb- Hotel, R. i»/4-2V2, I>. incl. wine 2^9 Jl: Hotel do Rhin,
R. iV2-2, D. iytJl; Tkemindb.
Restaoranta. Winx. ^^cnsrftotis, Brod-Str. 86 ; A«ftm«fo, Fleisch-Str. 63;
JTti/f, Neu-Str. 2. — Bbbb. Xaiterhof (rooms to let) and Datir, both in
the Fleisch-Str., with gardens: Zum Rdmer (rooms), Brod-Str. 2*, D. iVi ^M:
Franziskaner^ Fahr-Str. 11, with garden ; MUnchener SUndl, 8imeonfl-8tr. 81. —
Qarden Restaurantt on the heights on the left bank of the Moselle, see
p. 188. — Casino (PI. C. 4), in the Kornmarkt; KcUholUcher BUrgerverein
(PI. B, 5), Viehmarkt, tnese two clubs to which strangers may be intro-
duced by members (good wine). TrevirU (Rom. Cath. house of call ; PI. C, 8),
Jacobs-Str. 29, with restaurant.
Baths. Warm Baths, Brod-Str. 46, and 8t. Martinsbad, Zurlanben
(PI. B, 2). River Baths in the Moselle (PI. A, 3).
Oabs. Per drive within the town, including Amphitheatre and Zur^
lauhen^ for 1 pers. 50, 2 pers. 60 pf. \ each additional pers. 25 pf. more. —
To the entrance of Bellevue^ St. Matthiae^ Pallien^ 1 pers. 75 pf.. each addit.
person 25 pf. ; to Sehneider^e Ho/ and Weit$hati$y 1 pers. iVt •#, each
addit. pers. uO pf. Longer drives according to bargain. To Igel (p. 188)
two-horse carr. BJf. — By time, for each V« br., 1-2 pers. 50, 8-4 pers. 76 pf.
Electric Tramway from the Railway Station (PI. D, 8) ▼!& the Kord-
All^ and Simeon-Str. to the Market (PI. C, 8), and thence by the Fleisch Str.
to the Moselle Bridge (PI. A, 4) and to Pallien; from the Market by the
Brod-Str., Viehmarkt (PI. B, 4), and Saar-Str. to St. Matthias; and ftrom
the Porta Nigra (PI. C, 8) to the Cemetery.
Post and TeUgraph Offlee (PI. B, C, 4), Fleisch-Str. 75.
Steamboat to CoblenSy see R. 25.
Trhves (436 a), Ger. Trier, on tbe right bank of the Moselle,
with 44,000 inhab. (5000 Protestants), said to be the okLest town in
Germany, was a settiement fonnded by Augustus in the territory of
the Treveri, a tribe of Belgic Gauls that had been conquered by
Casar. This Augusta Treverorum was inyested with the rank of a
colony by Claudius or Vitellius, and during the 4th century it was
frequently the residence of the Roman Emperors. The numerous
relics of that age in the vicinity are among the finest on this side
of the Alps, On the introduction of Christianity by Constantlne,
Agriclus of Antioch was (314) elected first Bishop of Treves, and
for nearly 15 centuries the town continued to be the residence of
the bishops, archbishops, and electors, till Clemens Wenceslaus of
Saxony, the last elector (1768-1802; d. 1812), transferred his resi-
dence to Coblenz in 1786. On 10th Aug., 1794, the French captured
the town, and In 1815 it was ceded to Prussia. The bishopric was
re-established In 1802.
The surrounding vine - clad hills and wooded heights , and the
rich plain in which the town with its red sandstone walls and
numerous towers is situated, are strikingly picturesque.
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Porta Nigra, TREVES. 24. Route. 183
^Trevir metropolis, arbs amoBniBsima,
Qnse Bacchom reoolis, Baccho gratissima,
Da tuia incolis vina fbrtissima
Per dnlcor!"'
From the Railway Station (PI. D, 3) we proceed in a straight
direction, passing the Baldwin Fountain (1897), commemorating
Archbp. Baldwin (1307-54), to the —
♦Porta Kignra (PI. C, 3), a well-preserved town-gate with towers
of defence, and the finest of the Roman structures at Treves. This
magnificent relic, dating from the second half of the 3rd cent, of
our era, is 118 ft. long, 75-95 ft. high, and 52-69 ft. in depth.
It consists of three stories, with two gateways, 23 ft. in height,
and is constructed of huge blocks of lias sandstone, blackened with
age and fastened with iron braces instead of mortar.
The Porta Nigra was a fortified city-gate, the exterior of which could
be closed by a portcullis and defended by the two towers. If the enemy
sacceeded hi storming the gate he found himself in a small enclosed
court, secured on the side next the town by a barricade and exposed to
a raking fire from all |>arts of the gate-house. — At both ends there are
still traces of the junction of the gate with the walls, and at the W. end
is a doorway, which opened on the ramparts. A portion of the old Roman
waU has been uncovered on the N.E. side of the gate, underneath the
mediseyal wall. In 1028-35 the E. tower was occupied by a Greek hermit
named Simeon, and on his death the structure was converted into two
churches, one above the other. In 1817 all the later additions were
removed except the apse at the £. end, and in 1876 the original Roman
structure was thoroughly disclosed. — Admission daily in summer, 9-11*,
at other tfanes on application to the custodian of the Roman Palace (p. 187).
Entrance on the W. side.
The Simeons-Strasse leads to the S. from the Porta Nigra to
the Mabkbt- Place (PI. 0, 8). The Botes Hans, situated here,
a late-Gothic building of the 15th cent., was formerly the Rathaus
and had an open arcade on the groundfloor. It bears the inscription :
*Ante Romam Treviris stetit annis MOOC*, referring to a mediffival
tradition that Treves was founded by Trebeta, son of the Assyrian
king Ninus. Since 1900 the building has been converted into a
municipal museum, containing works of art and collections illustrat-
ing the history of the town and the surrounding district (open free
Sun. 11-1 ; at other times for a fee). An anoient Column in the
Platz, supposed to date from 958, was renewed in 1723, and is
surmounted with a cross with the Lamh of God. The Petershrunnen^
a beautiful Renaissance fountain, was erected in 1595. Behind it
rises the spire of the 8t. Oangolphs-Kirche. — In the Dietrich-Str.
(PI. B, 0,3; beside No. 5) is the socalled Franken-Turm or Pro-
pugnaculum, dating from the early Romanesque period and said to
be the oldest domestic building in Germany.
To the E. of the Market Place lies the Domfbeihof, a small
square with a Statue of Emperor WiUiam J., in bronze, by F. von
Miller, erected in 1893.
The Cathedral (PI. 0, 4), the nucleus of which was a quad-
rangular basilica erected in the 4th cent, probably as a market,
184 RouUU. TREVES. Cathedral,
is one of the oldest churches in Germany. This basilica, which
was of the same breadth as the present edifice, and extended from
the second pillar from the W. entrance to the E. apse, seems to
have. been converted into a Chr^tian church during the Roman
period. In the centre stood four huge granite columns, connected by
arches, some remains of which lie in the cloister-garden (see below).
The ancient ediflxse was partly destroyed by the Franks, but was
restored in the original style by Bi&hop Nicetiua (528-66). It was
afterwards again devastated by the Normans, and restored by
Archbishop Poppo (1016-47) and his successors, who increased its
size by an addition of one-third at the W. end, in the style of the
original Roman edifice, and also built an apse. The E. apse was
added by Bishop Hillin fl 152-69). The vaulting of the nave and
aisles dates from the loth cent. \ the circular, dome-roofed treas-
ury was not built till the 18th. — The various periods at which the
structure has been built are ail clearly visible on the N. exterior;
the Roman work consists of red sandstone and bricks, that of Arch-
bishop Poppo is partly of brick and partly of limestone. Several
Roman arches and Frankish capitals have also been exposed to
view in the interior by the removal of the stucco.
The Intbbiob is open the whole day except from 12 to 2 (verger's house
behind the eathedral, Ko. 6). The organ and organ-Mse date from 1882.
In the W. apse, is the monnment of an archbishop of the 14th cent, (perhaps
Baldwin, brother of Henry VII.), beneath which is a white marble font. The
Pulpit^ adorned with reliefs of the Beatitudes, the Last Judgment, the Sermon
on the Mount, the Resurrection (above the steps), and the Five Senses (round
the foot), dates from 1572. In the vaults repose 26 archbishops and electors.
The finest monuments are those ot J<Aann III. (vo» MeiienhauHnt d. 1540;
restored in 1898), to the left of the choir, on the wall of the K. aisle, and
Elector Richard III. {von Oreiffenklau^ d. 1531), the successful opponent of
Protestantism. On the latter are medallions with portraits of the elector on
the left, and his most violent antagonist, Fians von Sickingen (p. i^), on the
right. The two monuments are excellent specimens of the German Benaia-
sance at its senith, both in their general plan and in the conception and
execution of the decoration and figures. — The choir-screens, the steps
with statues of Ounstantine and St. Helena, and the imposing high-altar
date from 1062-1700. To the left of the last is the bishop's throne. — The
Treasury (adm. on week-days at 11.30, by tickets procured from the verger,
\ Jt; at other times 8 Jt for 1-8 pers.) contains the Shrine of St. Egbert, a
small enamelled altar of the 10th cent., and several Romanesque re-
liquaries with the heads of Hatthew the Apostle and the Empress Helena,
a nail from the Gross, relics of the 11th and 12th cent., a late-Romanesque
censer, and some richly-bound (Gospels of the 9-18th centuries. — In a room
above the cloisters is preserved the 'Holy Goat* wiUiout saam, exhlMted
at rare intervals, and attracting vast crowds of pilgrims.
On the S. side of the cathedral are the beautiful Cloisters of the
13th cent, fshown by the verger). They are adjoined by the sacristy,
built in 1900, and an esily-Qothic double-chapel.
In other rooms opening off the cloisters is the Cathedral and Diocesan
Museum (adm. Mon., Wed. and Frid., 11-1, 50 pf.), with old sculptures and
mosaics from the cathedral («. ff. Romah glass mosaic), and smaller anti-
quities from other churches of the bishopric.
To the S. of the cloisters is ike *I.iBbfipauen-Kirolw (PI. 0, 4),
->e of the most interesting early-Gothic churches in Germany, built
Ba$Uica. TREVES. 24. Route. 185
after 1240, probably in imitation of the abbey-church of Bralsne
near Soissons, and lately restored. It is in the form (approximately)
of a circle (54 yds. long, 42 yds. broad, 116 ft. high), intersected by
a v&jalted cross-structure, and supported by 12 slender pillars. The
principal Portal is richly decorated with sculptures, symbolical
figures of the Old and New Testament, etc.
The iNTBRtoB is remarkable for its harmonioua proportions. The figures
of the Apostles painted on tbe pillars in the 15th cent, are visible i^ at
once from a slab of slate in the pavement, about 8 paees from the entrance.
The modern stained-glas^ windows, made at Brussels after Bteinle^s designs,
depict the fifteen mysteries of the rosary. The church contains numerous
monuments of ecclesiastical dignitaries, and the mummy of Bishop Theodulf^
who died in the 6th century. The choir is frescoed with scenes from the
life of the Virgin by Ehrich and DOringer (1895-97). The altar-piece to the
right of the choir (St. Sebastian ; closed) is wrongly ascribed to Qvido Rent.
Farther on is a sculptured group of the Huly Women at the Sepuh^hre in
the late-Ck>thie style. The sacristy has an interesting old side •door with
exquisite ornaments and contains the monument of Johann Segensis
(d. 1664). with his portrait. — This church aiso is closed from 12 to 2 ; the
sexton livea at Liebfrauen-Str. 2.
The Town Libraij) at the Qymnaaium (PI. 0, 4 ; open on week-
days 9.30-12; adm. 50 pf.), contains numerous rare printed works
and seyeral valuable manuscripts.
Among the porinted books are several 'incunabula^ or works of the
15th cent, (when the art of printing still lay in its cradle, 4n cunabulis*),
including the Bible of Fust and Gutenberg of 1450, and the CaUiolicon of
1460. — One of the most interesting HSS. is the Codex Aureus^ containing
the four Gospels, presented by Ada (d. 809), a reputed sister of Charle-
magne , to the Abbey of St. Maximin. It is illuminated with allegorical
paintings, and the binding is superbly adorned with jewels and a cameo of
uncommon size, probably representing the family of Gonstantine. The *Cc-
dex EgberH^ dating from about 970, is perhaps the finest extant specimen of
the art of illumination at that period. The lASber Aureti* oonUtins docu-
ments of the convei^ of PriLm, ranging from the 9th to the lith century,
and admirably illustrating the advance of the illuminator's art. — Several
letters of Luther, one from Bldcher on the death of Queen Louisa, etc.,
are also interesting. The AnU-Ghamber contains portraits of Electors of
Tr^v«s, the Duke of Alba, fiuss, Sickingen, and others.
The Trinity J or Je8uUs\ Church (PI. 0, 4), is decorated with
stained glass from Munich and wall-paintings by Steffgen.
In the S.E. Quabteb there are several interesting relics of the
Roman period and the Museum.
BoundiBg the Constantins-Platz on the E. are the Palace Bar-
racks (PI. 0, D, 4), formerly the palace of the Electors, with late-
Benaissanee portals in the court , sculptures en the facade , and a
baroque staircase dating from 1701. The building includes the old
Roman Basilica.
The ^Basilica (PI. 0, 4), built entirely of brick, probably in the
reign of the Emp. Oonstantine (306-337), served originally for the
administration of justice and for commercial purposes, like the
similar ancient Roman structures at Rome itself and elsewhere.
Early in the middle ages it was the seat of the governors appointed
by the Prankish sovereigns, and in 1197 it was made over to the
archbishops. In 1846-66 it was restored and consecrated as a Pro-
186 Route 24. TREVES. Provincial Museum,
testant church. The imposing interior, terminating in an apse at the
N. end, is lighted by a double row of windows. The verger is sum-
moned by ringing the bell beside the guard-house in the Oonstantins-
Platz (fee). The basilica is 225 ft. long, 100 ft. wide, and 98 ft. high.
The K.W. side up to the lower row of windows, the apse, and the
lofty arch between the nave, and the apse are all antiqae. The 8.
facade and the E. side, on the other hand, are almost entirely modem.
Below the floor was a hypocanst, or heating-apparatns. The main entrance
at the 8. end, with its three doors, was preceded by a portico \ while there
was a smaller entrance in the K. part of each of the sides. — Over the
altar is a tabernacle with four columns of yellow African marble, presented
to Frederick William IV. by the Khedive of Egypt.
From the Oonstantins-Platz we reach the Ost-Alltfe, in which
the Museum lies, by passing the Palace Barracks and through the
Mus-Tor-Strasse.
The ^Provincial Xnseum (PI. 0, 5) , a handsome Renaissance
building 4n red sandstone, erected in loo5-89, contains an exten-
siTe and highly interesting collection of Roman and other an-
tiquities, a number of pictures , and a collection of art-industrial
objects. Open free in summer on Sun. & Wed., 11-1, and on other
days, at the same hours, for a fee of 50 pf. ; at other times adm. is
obtained for a fee of 75 pf . Short guide 20 pf. j illustrated catalogue,
1 jjf 60 pf. On the completion of the new wing the collections will
probably be entirely rearranged.
Ground Floor. — To the left, Booms I-IV : * Roman Tombs from Nbu-
mag en ^ dating from about 100-260 A. D. and depicting the ancient dwellers
on the Moselle in their costumes and their daily life. Many of the sculp-
tures illustrate the culture of the vine on the Moselle.
Booms V and VI: Stone Monument* from the City of Trkve*. In Boom V :
Inscription from a monument dedicated to L, Caesar, the adopted son of
Augustus, the oldest inscription found in the Rhine districts. — Room VI:
Heathen coffin with skeleton and sepulchral objects of the 8rd cent. A. D.;
Christian Inscriptions, from the cemeteries of St. Paulin, St. Maximin,
and St. Matthias, bearing testimony to the spread of Christianity at Treves
in the 4th and 6th cent. ; reproduction of a wooden coffin with Christian
emblema, found in 1888 in tne church of St. Paulinus in the stone sarco-
phagus, which according to tradition contained the remains of St. Pauli-
nus (d. aboift 860). — Room VII: Technical objects of Roman origin. —
RoaMVIII: Most recent discoveries.
Sunk Floor. Room XI: Milestones of A. D. 121 and 139 from the Roman
road from Treves to Cologne; Votive Monuments from the environs Of
Treves. Mercttrp totth Baeehus as a child. — Room XII: Roman Tomb Mon-
vments from the environs of Treves. — Room XTTT; Romanesque, Gothic,
and later sculptures.
First Floor. Room XIV: ^Roman Mosaic, probably from about A. D. 800,
found during the erection of the Museum (upwards of one-third is lost),
representing Muses teaching wise men, the Months with their gods, the
Signs of the Zodiac, and the Four Seasons. — Room XV: Roman Antiquities
found at Treves. Antique marble columns; •Torso of Cupid; "Torso of
Amazon, based on the same original as the Mattel Amazon in the Vatican ;
torso 01 an athlete; smaller objects from the Roman Baths, particularly
combs and hair-pins; mural paintings; mosaics; statue of Jupiter. —
Room XVI: Antiquities found in the Environs of Trhies, Mosaics ftom
Roman villas; sixty "ffermae, with Roman and Greek portraits, popular
types, and heads of divinities; Coins and Bronzes; plans of Roman buildings.
— Room XVII : Bronzes. — Room XVIII : Earthenware vessels and lamps. —
Room XIX : OhjeeU from Roman Tombs. — Room XX : Roman Drinking Cups .
Amphitheatre. TREVES. 24. Route. 187
tenaootUa; ghM, rings, and cut stones. — Booms XXI and XXH; Pr4-
Jtottum Antiquities, — Boom XXni. Frankith Antiquitia. ColUcHim of (him:
Boman coins minted at Treves, in chronological order \ coins of the Electors
of Treves.
Boom XXIV. In the cabinets: irory earrings; Limoges enamels ; hronse
dish of the 12th cent, with representation of the Oood Samaritan. On
the wiJls a number of pictures, mostly of the Bhenish and Netherlandish
schools (It^cly copies). — Boom XXV: Collection of Bhenish stoneware;
majoliea and porcelain; collection of glass (16-18th cent.).
The *Boman Palace (PI. G, 5) , entered from the Promenade
and also from the Palast-Platz, lies at the S.E. comer of the town,
and forms a picturesque group of ruins, part of which is 65 ft. high.
In the middle ages the building was used alternately as a church and
as a fortress. The ruhhish in the interior accumulated to such an
extent, that one of the windows was once used as an entrance to the
town. — Visitors ring at the entrance.
The best-presenred part of the edifice is a Rectangular Romn^ with
three apses, at the S.E. end, formerly lighted by two rows of arched
windows, and heated by channels for hot air, many of which are still
visible. To the right and left of this chamber stood two Totoen^ one
of which is still extant and commands a fine riew of the ruins and of
the town (ascent by a steep spiral staircase). — At the K.W. end, where
the excavations are still in progress, various circular and square rooms
and subterranean passages have been brought to light. — The keeper
(60 pf.) has also the key of the Porta Ifigra (p. 183).
On a rising ground about 1/4 M. to the E. of the Palace
is the Amphitheatre (PI. D, 5) , locally known as the Kdikellety
situated among vineyards. This arena, still in excellent preserv-
ation , with a diameter from N. to S. of 76 yds., and from E. to
"W. of 53 yds., was capable of accommodating 7-8000 spectators.
(That at Verona held 20,000 spectators , the Colosseum at Rome
40-50,000.) The E. half is built into the rocky side of the hill, while
the W. is raised to the same level by artificial means. At the N.
and S. ends are gateways , each with three openings , that in the
centre leading to the arena, and those at the sides to the seats for
spectators. There are also two entrances for the public on the W.
side. The dens for the wild beasts and the chambers for the gladi-
ators are still traceable adjacent to the arena. The amphitheatre
was probably built in the reign of Trajan or Hadrian. In 306 Con-
stantine here sullied his fame by causing several thousand Franks,
with their leaders Ascarich and Merogais, to be torn to pieces by
wild beasts; and in 313, a number of captive Bructeri were bar-
barously sacrificed for the amusement of the people. — The later
Roman wall ran along the top of the W. semicircle and was con-
tinned on the N. to the Porta Nigra, on the S. to the present city-
limit between the L5wen-Brucke and St. Matthias. A fragment
may stUl be seen to the W. of the S. entrance to the amphitheatre,
itself beyond the line of wall. — The garden -restaurant of the
Lowen-Brauerei, outside the N. entrance of the Amphitheatre,
affords an excellent view of Treves by morning-light.
Adjoining the Kalser-Strasse are the Boman Baths (PI. A, 5),
188 Route 24, TREVES. St. Matthew^.
an imposing strnctnie of the 4tb cent. A. D., 564 ft. in length, ex-
cavated in 1877-85 (adm. 25 pf. j plan 10 pf.). The principal fa^de
was turned towards the N. The masonry above the level of the
ground has almost entirely disappeared, though at the beginning of
the 17th cent, it was preserved up to the second story. The position
of the cold baths (frigidarium)^ the tepidariunif and the ealdarium^
the large basin of warm water, the hOating apparatus, and other
parts of the building can still be traced.
Adjacent is the Xoielle Bridge (PI. A, 4 ; tramway, see p. 182),
with eight arches, some of the buttresses of which are of Roman
origin. The second and seventh buttresses from the town-side were
blown up by the French in 1689, and restored in 1729. The bridge
is 620 ft. long. — On the left bank of the Moselle is the Local
Station mentioned at p. 182, and on the height above is a conipic-
uous Column of the Virgin ('Mariensaule').
The best *View of Treves in the afternoon is obtained firom the
hill on the left bank of the Moselle above the village of Pallien
(PI. A, 1), and opposite the suburb of Zurlauben (ferry; PL B, 1, 2).
At the landing-place of the ferry is a board indicating the way to
the Cafi Bellevue (PL A, 2). Beyond the Napoleons-Brucke, car-
rying the Aix-la-Ghapelie road over the ravine of the Sirzenicher
Bach, a path ascends to the right to Schneider's ^of (PL A, 1) and
the *WeU$hau8 (PL A, B, 1), with a pretty park and a restaurant
(cab, see p. 182). About 1^2 M. higher up is the Kockdsherg (re-
staurant), commanding an admirable view.
About V« ^- to the S. of Treves is situated the venerable Church of
St. Matthew (comp. PI. B, 6} tramway), dating in its oresent form from
the 12th cent., with alterations made in the 16th and loth cent., and said
to contain the sarcophagus of the Evangelist (a favourite resort of pilgrims).
Beside it is a Boman cemetery. — About V* M. to the N. of the town
is St. Paulin (PI. D, 2), with an interesting church, originally Gothic
but restored and richly adorned with frescoes in the early part of the
18th eentury. In the vicinity is a spot marked by a Oro$t where some of
the early Christians suffered martyrdom at the hands of the Romans. Near
it is the venerable Abbey of St. Maximin, now a barrack (PI. D, 3).
The Railway from Testes to LvxBMBotJBO (fares, see p. 179)
is the same as that to Saarbr&cken as far as (4i/2 M.) Karthaus
(Railway Hotel; see p. 182), the Beat of the Qerman custom-house
(p. 180). Opposite the station on the right is an old Carthusian
convent, since 1884 occupied by Franciscan nuns, who have re-
stored the handsome baroque church. The train now crosses the
Moselle.
7 M. Igel (Wlllmerstedt), an inconsiderable Yillage, contains
one of the most interesting Roman relics to the N. of the Alps,
the celebrated *Igel Vdnnment, popularly called the ^JSeidenturm'
(heathens' tower), and visible from the railway (to the right, below
the church). The monument is a square sandstone column, 75 ft. in
height, and 16 V2 ^t' broad at the base, and was erected as a funeral
monument by the rich mercantile family of Secundini , probably
NENNIG. n. Route, 189
in the latter half of the third cent, after Christ. It hears appro-
priate inscriptions , some of which are now illegihle , and also
seTeral reliefs of scenes of daily life and mythological representa-
tions, such as Hylas and the Nymphs, Aehilleg being bathed in the
Styx, Mars and Rhea Sylvia, the Apotheosis of Hercules, Perseus
and Andromeda, and Hercules with the apples of the Hesperides.
From the church on the hill behind the monument a fine view is
enjoyed of the country around (best by eyening - light). — Above
Igel, which may also be visited from Wasserliesch (see below) , are
extensive gypsum-quarries.
Near (9V2 M.) WasserbilUg the line crosses the frontier of
Luxembourg; scenery picturesque; the Sauer (Sure) here unites
with the Moselle, after having for some distance formed the bound-
ary between Prussia and Luxembourg. Near its mouth is the priory
of Langsur, From Wasserbillig to DUkirck (30^/2 M.), railway in
2-2*/4 Jiw. ^^ Echtemach, see Baedeker'a Belgium and Holland,
Near (10 M.) Mertert tihe train quits the Moselle and ascends the
vaUey of the Sure. 15 M. Weeker; 19 M. Boodti 221/2 M. Miins-
hack; 24V2^M. Oeirmgem, The train then crosses the PuitiermuWcn-
Tal by a viaduct 275 yds. long and 100 ft. high. The station of
Luxembourg,, situated on the right side of the valley of the P^Uusse,
is connected with the town by a handsome viaduct.
32 M. Loxembonrg (Hdtels Brasseuty de Cologne^ de VEurope^
des Nations J de Luxembourg), see BaedekerU Belgium and Holland.
The Railway pbom Tb^vbs to Mbtz (fares, etc., see p. 179),
a prolongation of that described in R. 25, ascends the valley of
thei Moselle above Treves. — IV2 M. Trier Siid, 41/2 M. Kart-
hau8, the junction of the Saarbriicken and Luxembourg lines (see
pp. 181, 188). Below the bridge at Conz (p. 181) the train crosses
the JSaar^ affording a view of the pretty valley of that stream. 8 M.
Wasserlieseh, 1/2 M. to the S. of Igel (see above) ; 13 M. Wellen.
Near (15 M.) Nittel the train passes through a tunnel. 18 M. Winche-
ringen; 23 M. Palzem. On the right, close to the Moselle, the cha-
teau of Thorn; farther on, to the left, the chateau of Biihirhgen,
25 M. Nennigv The station is at the village of Wie8, 1 M. f^om the
little Luxembourg town of Remich on the left bank of the Moselle,
and as far f]:om the village of Nennig (poor inn). In the last
are the remains of a Roman villa, excavated in 1852, contain-
ing a remarkably fine *Mosaic Pavement, 49 ft. long and 33 ft.
broad (now protected by a wooden covering; fee). It is neaily as
large as the Mosaic of the Athletes in the Lateran at Rome , and
perhaps surpasses that celebrated work in artistic execution. The
principal scene represents a combat of gladiators, and is surrounded
by seven medallions with animals, fencers, and musicians.
29 M, Perl (Qrelveldinger's Inn), the last Prussian station. —
32 M, Sierck (Hdtel de Metz, very fair), a small and ancient town
190 RouU2d. DIEDENHOFEN.
with 1200 inhab., picturesquely situated on the right bank of the
Moselle, and commanded by the rains of a castle of the Dnkes of Lor-
raine. About 6 M. to the N.E. is SchloM Mtruberg^ popularly known
as 8chlo88 Marlborough, from its occupation by the great British
general in 1712-14. 36 M. McUUngetk; 38 V2 M. Konigamaehem.
43V2 M. Diedenhof^n, Fr. ThiorkvilU (H6UI Terminus, at the
station, R. from 2 Jf; Mehrh ; Post), a fortified town of 11,930 inhab.,
on the MoseUCy is the junction for Luxembourg (see below) and of
branch-Unes via (28 M.) Tettrchen (p. 174) to (431/2 M.) Beningen
(p. 317) or to (44 M.) VolkUngen (p. 180), vii Hayingen to (IOV2M.)
Fcniseh^ with numerous blast-furnaces, and to (16 M.) Bad Mondorf,
wltii thermal saline springs.
Fbom Dibdknhofbm to LnxjsMBODBG, 2OV3M., railway in ^ri hr. (2 UlT
70, 1 Ulf 80, 1 Ulf 20 pf.). The line crosses the Moselle. Stations Cfrou-ffet-
Hngen^ Suftgen, and (13 M.) Bettembourg, the first place in the grand-duchy
of Luxemboui^i then Berchem and C^O'/s M.) Luxembourg (p. 189).
47 M. Veckingen; 49 M. Reiehersberg ; 51 M. Hagendingeth ;
63 M. Mal%ieres, with blast-furnaces; 671/2 M. Woippy (p. 179). —
691/2 M. Devant'Us'PonU, outside the Porte de France of Metz. To
the right, on the hill, lies Fort Friedrlch Karl (formerly St. Qnentin),
and beside it is a monument to Bismarck. The train describes a
wide curve round the W. side of the town, crosses the Moselle,
and enters the chief station of (66 M.) Met% (p. 174).
25. From Coblenz to Treves by the Moselle and by
Eailway.
Railway (69 H.) in 2-3V4 hrs. (fares 9 UT, 6 UT 80, 4 UT 60 pf. % express
10 ur 10. 7ur 50, 5Ur aOpf.). — Light BaUway from Bnllay to Trives,
see p. 198.
Stbahboat (119 M.) four timefl weekly in summer from (}oblenz to Tr&vea
in 2 days, spending the night at Trarbaeh. The descent from Treves to
Coblenz takes 12-13 hrs. Fares for the ascent 9 or 6 Ulf, descent lli/s Jf or
7 Ulf 00 pf. Comp. the local time-tables. The river is sometimes so low
that the steamboats have to cease running. Restaurants on board the
steamers plainer than those of the Rhine steamers. — The steamboat-pier
at Coblenz lies between the bridges orer the Moselle ; that at Treves is near
the Brttcken-Tor (PI. A, 4). Thore are also local steamer services between
Coblenz and Cochem ana between Bemcastel and Treves.
The * Valley of the Moselle is not unworthy of comparison with that of
the Rhine. The scenery is remarkably picturesque at places, the wooded
and vine -clad hills present a great variety of form, and the valley is
enlivened with smiling villages. The finest portion is between Coblenz and
Bemcastel. The prevailing stillness afifords a pleasant contrast to the noise
and bustle of the Rhine. Charming excursions may be made in the wooded
and sometimes rocky lateral valleys, and magnificent views are afforded by
the tops of numerous hills , often crowned by picturesque mined castles.
The region watered by the Moselle is also rich in political and historical
associations, extending back to the time of the Romans ; and a Roman poet,
Deeimus Magnus Ausonius (circa 809-92), has celebrated the praises of this
river in a poem entitled *Mosella\ The Moselle wines have long been
famous for their delicate bouquet (see p. xxiii). The pedestrian will find
the valley admirably adapted for a walking-tour, which is greatly facili-
tated by numerous fairly-comfortable though small and unpretending inns.
COBERN. 25. Route, 191
The letters B.B. and L.B. denote the right and left banks with reference
to the traveller descending the river. The places to which the mileage
is prefixed are railway stations.
The beat roads for cyclists are alternately on the right and left banks :
from Coblenz to Treis R.B., then to Alf L.B., Bull&y to Trarbach B.B.,
Traben to Kinheim L.B., Kindel-Bemeastel-Thomich B.B. ; from there L.B.,
in dry weather, along the Moselle, otherwise via Second and the ilohe
Kreuz Inn to Schweleh; thence B.B. to Treves.
At certain steamboat -stations passengers are landed and embarked
in small boats (fee 10 pf.).
Coblenz, see p. 106. The train skirts the base of the Karthause
(p. 1 1 1 ). To the right are the convent of Mar ienhof and the Kemperhof
Orphanage; behind, on the left bank of the Moselle, is Metternlch
fp. 208). — Above (2 M.) Moselweiss (JRosschen) we cross theMoselle.
2^2 M. Oiils (Zillien), a prettily-situated village In an orchard-
like district. Lay, a village on the right bank.
5 M. Winningen (jSchwan, on the river, with garden-restaurant;
Adler, both very fair), a market-town v^th 1900 inhab., once belong-
ing to the county of Sponheim, and hence forming, like several
other places on the Moselle (Enklrch, Trarbach, etc.), a Protestant
'enclave' in the midst of the Koman Catholic Electorate of Treves.
Wine is much grown in the environs. A Roman villa was discovered
here in 1903.
Pleasant walks viH the Ditttlbergtr Hof (inn) to (Vs hr.) Bhrnulay^ and
ap the Condertalf on the right bank (ferry) to Rem*iecken and the (IVz hr.)
KUKkopf; etc.
Farther up the river the left bank consists of lofty and precipi-
tous rocks, called the Winning er and Cobemer Ulen, producing the
best flavoured wine of the Lower Moselle. — On the opposite (r.)
bank lies Dieblich (inn), vrith a handsome church.
L.B. (9V2 M.) Cobem (Simonis, very fair), commanded by two
castles of the Knights of Cobem, the last of whom was executed at
Coblenz in 1536 as a disturber of the public peace. The rail, station
lies above Cobem, near Qondorf (see below).
A steep footpath ascends through the vineyards (the path with the
pilgrimage- stations is longer, but easier) to the (Vabr.) picturesque iVtederftwrf^.
It is, however, preferable to ascend direct to the (o6 min.) Oberburg, fol-
lowing (20 min.) the finger-post pointing to the right at a bend in the
road (fine view of the Niederburg and the valley). Within the Oberburg,
or Altenbwffy is the ^Chapel of St. Matthias (key obtained from J. Reif,
Seheidergasse 7, in the village), a bexagonal edifice measuring 53 ft. from
angle to angle. It is the most elegiant work of the late-Romanesque style
in the Bhineland, dating from 1230 and probably inspired by the church
of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, wnich bad lately become known
through tbe Crusades. The central portion rises above the rest, and is
borne by six columns. The elaborate decorations are executed in a masterly
style, and the acoustic properties of the chapel are excellent. It was
restored in 1894, and the old painting has been renewed.
There la also an interesting Romanesque church (recently restored) at
LotuUg, a village 2Vs AC. to the W. of Cobern.
Farther up, on the same p.) bank, lies (Jondor/* (Haupt, R. 2-21/2,
pens. 38/4-4 Jjf, very fair), with the Tempelhof, a recently restored
Gothic castle, and an old chateau of the Counts and Princes Yon der
Leyen, now intersected by the railway. The village is mentioned as
192 B,^5. — Map,p.l90. BRODENBAOH. The Moselle from
early as 871 under the name of Condravia^ and on account of tlie
numerous Roman and Frankish tombs found here is supposed to
have been the Roman harbour of Conirua.
On the opposite bank lie Niederfell (Anker) and Kuhr.
10^2 M. Lehmen (Zum Sternenburg), with a castellated manor-
house. The river is bordered here with precipitous crags.
R.B. OberfelL — L.B. (13 M.) CatteneSy at the month of a ravine
containing thirteen mills.
R.B. Aiken (Sonntag), an old place with medieval houses and
fortifications, now comes suddenly into view. On the hill above it
rise the towers of the old castle of Thurorij or Thurant^ built by
Count Palatine Heinrich about 1200, and a frequent object of
quarrel between the Counts Palatine and the Electors of Cologne
and Treves. It was besieged by the two Archbishops in 1246-48,
when 600,000 gallons of wine are said to have been consumed by
the assailants. — 16 M. Loef (Stemburg) is the station for —
R.B. Brodenbach (^Post, R. IVj-^, P. 1V2-2 UJT, very fair),
pleasantly situated at the base of lofty wooded hills.
Just ahove Brodenbach id the mouth of a narrow ravine, which ex-
pands about Vz M< from the river and contains a number of mills. Kear
the first of these a footpath diverges to the left between two rocks and leads
past a (3 min.) point of view to the (Va hr.) Ehreaburg, the finest ruim on
the Moselle, situated on an isolated peak. A vaulted, winding carriage-
way leads to the foot of the two round towers, which command a beautiful
panorama (unpleasant stair). Key and rfmts» at the ke^er's. — From the
Ehrenburg to Boppard^ 2Vii hrs. \ see p. 118.
An overhanging cliff is now passed on the left bank, beyond
which the valley of the Moselle expands.
I6V2 M. Hatienpozt and Boei {Heidget^ R. & B. 2 M; Kranz,
both very fair), two long contiguous villages, above which rises an
old church. The railway-station is 3/^ M. above Hatzenport.
About 31/2 M. to the W. (diligence from Hatzenport twice daily in 1 hr.)
lies Miinster-Maifeld (815 ft. 1 Sonne^ very fair; Maifelder ffo/, well spoken
of), an ancient town with 1700 inhab., from the 6th cent, onwards the chief
place in the Meginoveltt or Megingau^ which extends hence to the Rhine.
The conspicuous Churchy formerly belonging to an abbey, is the successor
of a basilica of St. Martin, said to have existed here as early as 633. The
front with its two round towers, resembling a fortress, dates in plan from
early in the l2th cent.; the choir is in the transition-style of 1226-30; the
nave, in the early Gothic style, was followed by the transepts and the
curious elevated chapel in the building between the towers ; but the whole
was finally completed in the developed Gothic style in the course of the
14th centary. Attention should be paid to the statue of the Virgin (ca. 1850),
to the ciborium of about 1460, and to the tombs of Kuno von Eltz (d. 1536)
and his wife. — Carr. from Munster-Maifeld to (3 M.) Schloss Eltz (p. 193)
and back 5 Jt; diligence to May en (p. 208) daily in 2V4 hrs.
L.B. (18 M.) Burgen^ at the foot of the hill on which ri^es the
massive tower of Bischofstein , erected in 1270. The vlllagd of
Burgen lies on the opposite bank, at the mouth of the B^aeh^Talj
in which, 7 M. farther up, is the ruin of Waldeck,
191/4 M. Koselkern (Burg Elts, very fair ; Balmes}^ at the mouib
of the EUx.
Coblenz to Treves. COCHEM. Map^p, 190.— 25. iJ. 193
In the narrow, tortaous yalley of the Eltz, 4 M. above Moaelkern, lies
SCHI.088 Eltz, one of the best-preserved medieeval castles in Germany,
vrhich may also be reached from Bnrgen (p. Id2) in IVi-lVz^i^') or from
Hiiden (see below) in 1 hr. ; the road from Burgen (via Lasserg) is on the
-whole to be preferred on account of the fine view it affords of the castle. —
Pedestrians from Hoselkem pass by the church or below the railway-arch
and ascend the left bank of. the Eltz, crossing to the (25 min.) right bank
» little on this side of the second mill (inn). Beyond the mill they proceed
to the left along the garden-fence, cross ttie mill>stream by a small bridge,
and (10 min.) follow the slope of the hill, finally crossing the bridge and
ascending to the left to the castle.
^Schlosa Eitk (950 ft.), the ancestral residence of the Counts of Eltz,
is most picturesquely situated upon a lofty rock, surrounded by wooded
hills. . The dlfierent parts of the chateau, which has never been destroyed,
date from the 12-16thr centuries. The interior has been restored in
mediSBTal simplicity t admission is obtained between 10th Sept. and 15th July
on written application to the estate-office in Moselkern 3 days before-
hand. — Opposite Schloss Eltz are the ruins of TrutxelUy or Baldenelt*^
erected by Archbishop Baldwin of Treves to command the castle, with the
counts of which he carried on a protracted feud.
Farther up the Elztal is the imposing ruined castie of Fyrmont, which
is reached from Miinster-Maifeld via PilUg in IV2 hr. Above the castle
lies PA hr.) the lonely Bchwankirche (1478; restored in 1830), a pilgrim -
resort. The key of the church is kept in the adjacent isn. Thence to
(1V» hr.) Garden (see below) vi& BroU or Fortt.
2OV2 M. MUdtn (inn), opposite the entrance of the pretty
Lutzer-Tal.
23 M. Garden (steamb. stat. ; Brauer)^ below which is a caye
in which St Castor, whose bones now repose at Coblenz (see p. 108),
is said to have dwelt in the 4th oehtnry. The present Church, once
part of an abbey, was erected in 1183-1247 on the site of an earlier
one founded by the saint. The interior contains several late-Gothic
sculptures. Of the picturesque late-Gothic Cloisters nothing remains
except one walk. To the N. is the Romanesque Chapter House. To
the E. of the church, near the railway, is the Tithe House, an inter-
esting specimen of a Romanesque secular building of the 12th cent.,
with fine windows; it was restored in 1894. The Burghaus, at the
lower end of the village, is a Renaissance structure of 1562.
B3. Treis (steamb. stat. ; Wildburgy R. & B. 2 UT, well spoken
of), with 1600 inhabitants. In the valley behind it are the ruins
of the Wildenburg and Schloss Treis, The old church is of the late-
Gothic period, the new church was built in 1830. — From Treis a
road leads over the hill to (41/2 M.) Bruttig (p. 194). In the Flauni'
hach^Tal is the ruined convent of Engelport,
24 M. Pommem, at the mouth of the Fommerbachj in the valley
of which are the ruins of the nunnery of Uoscntoi, founded in 1170.
— 271/2 M. Clotten (Sehl, good wine), with the ruins of a castle and
an interesting old church.
29V2 ^* Cochexn. — Hotels. 'Union, near the landing-stage, Vs H.
from the station, R. 1 Jf 70-2 Jf 70, B. 80 pf., D. 21/4, pens. 6V»-6 Jff
SoiiL088-HoT£L, Schloss-Str. (gQod view); Stadt Koln, Raven^-Str. (with
garden-restanrant)} Zoi^ Landskmeoht, R. Si B. 2-2V2i pens. 4-6 J(, with
popular winfr-Tpom and covered terrace, on the river-, Gbbm^nia.; Kbmp,
It. ft B. 2-3V«» I>. 1V4-1V«» pens. S'/z-A Ul(, with covered veranda v Stadt
Bakdeksb's Rhine. 16th Edit. 13
194 R.fi5,^Map,p,190. BEILSTEIN. The MottUt from
GoBLBsrs, B. IVr^Vi, B. «/4, D. 174-2* P«mfl- 3'/r4 •'^T; Zum Kaisbb, witb
popular beer-room, 411 on the Hoaelle. — Bestaurant on the KnOppchem,
Motor Omnibus between Gochem and 'Senhals (p. 186) 4 times daily.
Diligence to (S^/s H.) Kaisersesdi (p. 206) twice daily.
Cochem (282 ft ; Bteamb. stat.), a district-town witli 3819 in-
hab., at the entrance of the Ender-Tal^ is one of the prettiest
places on the Moselle, especially as seen from the right bank. In
the pleasnre-gronnds by the ri^er is a War Monument. Adjoining
the picturesque Ender-Tor is a timber house of 1626.
The old ^CoiOe^ on the hiU to the S. (1 M. from the station;
reached from the pier via the Zollgasse and Schloss - Str.), de-
stroyed by the French in 1689, was frequently occupied by the
Archbishops of Tr^Tos in the 14th and 16th centuries. It was re-
stored in 1868-78 for Herr Rarentf (d. 1879) by the Berlin architect
Raschdorff, with the aid of ancient plans and views. The principal
tower is adorned with a huge figure of St. Christopher, in mosaic.
Visitors apply for admission in the restaurant at the entrance
(1 pers. 75 pf., a party 50 pf. each); the sumptuously decorated
rooms are shown only when the proprietor is not in residence.
On the right bank, opposite Cochem, lies Cond (good wine at
the Traube) ; fine view from (1/2 hr. J the *Oonder Tempelchen*.
In the Endbb-Tal, on a hill about 3 M. from Gochem, ri^ea the tower
of the Winndwrg^ the most ancient seat of the Metteraich family, destroyed
by the French in 1688. The road to Eaisersesch (p. 208) ascends the Ender-
Tal. A pleasanter route is to ascend yift Cochem Castle to the Lt»ch»r
Unit (view), go thence by the LetcJier Eof to Faid^ and return vi& the
Wlnnebui^.
The train now passes through the Cochemer or EllcrerBerg to El-
ler (see below) by means of the Emperor William Tunnel (22/3 M, long,
taking 6 min. to traverse), the excavation of which through the
clay-slate occupied 3V2 years (1874-77) and cost about 200,000i*;
it is vaulted throughout.
The Moselle sweeps round the SUerer Berg in a winding curve of
more than 12 M. in length, which the steamer takes 2i/t hrs. to traverse
in ascending and IVe hr. in descending. The banks here are particularly
picturesque.
At Sehl (left bank), 1 H. above Cochem, a fine retrospect if enjoyed
of Cochem, its castle, and the Winneburg. — L.B. Bbornach^ once a
priory, now a lunatic asylum.
B.B. Valtpig is noted for excelleat wine.
L.B. Medtr-ErMt and Oher-Erntt. Between them a modem church
with two towers. Above the sharp bend which the river makes here,
about 3 M. above Cochem, lies —
B.B. Bruttig (steamb. stat. ; Friedrichs, unpretending), a small town
with quaint mediaeval houses.
R.B. Fankel^ lying somewhat inland; — L.B. BUmt (Dehren, very fair).
B.B. Beilstein (steamb. stat. ; lApmann^ pens. 3Vs-4Vt J( ; Burg Jfettor-
nieh)^ a quaint little town nestling at the foot of the rocks, is over-
looked by the old imperial castle of the same name, which afterwards
belonged to the Electors of Treves, and then to the Counts (now Princefl^
of Mettemich-Winneburg; it was destroyed in 1688.
L.B. Polttr*dor/. — B.B. Bri€d«m. — B.B. Mesmich (Anker).
B.B. SmhHm (steamb. stat. : Schneiders, very fair), with a high-lying
church.
CoWeiw to Triva. ALF. Afiop, p. 190. — 26, B. 195
L.B. 8$nhaU (Henrichs, Deis, both very fftir); onmiboB twioe daily to
(3^/4 M.) Eller (see below). Farther on, Nehren^ and the manor-honse of
L^men. with its old tower.
L3. Ediger (steamb. stat.; FridtrUHu)^ sunronnded with old foriifiea-
tions and possessing nnmeroos medieeval bnildinga and a late-Gothic church.
There are extensive vineyards here. We now reach Eller (See below),
3>/4H. above Senhals.
33 M. EUef (Friedriehs), with old manor-honses. Above it, oh
tbfe right bank, are the rnins of Staben (see below), wKlle on the
left bank, at the base of the wooded Cdhnondy in the pretty valley
of the EUtT^ is the month, of the Empeioi William Tunnel Q^. 194).
The train crosses the Moselle, passes through a tnnnel (870 yds.
long), and skirts the right bank, wU^ a fine retrospect of the vine-
«lad slopes of the Oalmond. 34 M. iVeef, with an old manor-hon^e.
At the centre of the cnrve which the river describes round the
Petersherg^ on the right bank, are situated the rains of the m<mastery
otSiuben, founded in the 12th cent, and suppressed in 1788. Farther
up, on the left bank, Bremm (Hutter, unpretending), with a late-
Gothic church and quaint mediaval houses, said to be the first place
on the middle Moselle where vines were planted. Then Aldegund,
with an old church and a handsome modem one.
36V2 M. Bmllay (Marumhurg, R. & B. 1% D. 2, pens. 4Vr
6V2 -^j ^eiy ^*i' ; ^*««' ^nn«r similar charges ; Rail, Restautant^
very fair), on the right bank, the station for Alf and the baths of
Btrtrieh (p. 196) on the opposite bank. — Direct railway to Treves,
seep. 197 ; Moselle Valley Railway via ZeU andBemcastel, see p. 198.
Steamboat journey, see p. 198.
From the Bollay station we may reach the * Vierseenplatz^ (Four Lakes
View) on the KSnig (iron finger-post by the roadside near the station) in
about 1/2 ^' Beautiful view of the Harienburg and the Moselle country,
superior to that f^om the Marienburg itself. Descent in Vs hr. to Herl.
(Interesting walk from Alf or Bnllay to th» Marienburg, Kaimt, Zell, Merl,
Konig, Bullay: 3 hrs.>
The road to the ferry turns to the right at the station of Bullay
and then leads again to the right below the railway to the vlUage
af BuUay and the Alf ferry. — By following the railway a little
farther and crossing the double iron lattice-bridge (of which the
higher level supports the railway, the lower the ordinary roadway),
"we reacli the foot of the Marienburg (p. 196), which is ascended
hence by a good footpath to the left in 20 mln. (path to the right
to the WaldMeden, see p. 196).
Alf. — Hotela. Post, B. ft B. 2V4-3Y2, D. 2Va, pens. 4V«-6 UT, very
. £ai^; Bad Bbbtbioh; B(i«o Abbas, B. ft B. lVi-2V«i l>* iV4-2 Jf; Schonb
AussiOHT, on the Moselle, unpretending. — Pension JfoUen^ on the Moselle,
4-5 UT, VWy ftfcirt Pent. WaldJHedm (p. 196), E. 1^9-2 Jt, B. 60 pf., pens.
4-6 ur. — Diliffmet to (7 M) Bertrich (p. 196) via Alf twice daily in
IV4 hr^, starting from the railway-station 0^ Bullay (fare 90 pf.); also
OmnOw several times a day (1 Jf) *, diligence to (13V2 ST.) Lutzerath <p. 197)
every moniinp. — Carriage to the Marienburg and back. iJt; to Bertrieh,
with one horse 6 «#, two horses 7 «#.
Alf, » viUage with laQO inhah., weU suited for a stay, lies at
13»
196 R. 25. — Map, p. 190. BERTRICH. Tht Mosdte from
the month of tbe picturesque valley of the Alf^ on the left bank of
the Moselle, opposite BuUay, to which a feiry plies (caiiiages
cross the bridge mentioned on p. 196). — The road from Alf ta the
Marienbnrg (2 M.) ascends behind the Pens. NoUen to the Pension
Waldfrieden (p. 195 ; view), passes the view-tower (fine panorama)
on the Printenkopf (20 pf.), and then follows the narrow ridge (fine
view on both sides).
The ^arienbvTg (377 ft. ; Restaurant, very fair, pens. 41/2 uff),
with the rains of a castle said to have once existed here , or of the
nunnery erected on the same spot In 1146 , is one of the finest
points on the Moselle. The view embraces the wooded and vine-clad
slopes of the Moselle, the smiling villages on its banks, the
summits of the Hunsrilck and the Eifel, and two detached reaches
of the river, resembling lakes.
Pleasant walks may be taken from the Marienbnrg to Herl (p. 196)
or over the Barl (928 ft.) to Eaimt (p. 199). — A steep, shadeless path
(beginning not easy to find) descends in 10 min. to the POnderich Ferry,
whence we follow the left bank to the O/s hr.) station mentioned on
p. 197). — As Alf lies at the lower endjof a loop of 7^^ M. described by
the Moselle, steamboat-passengers on the way up the rirer may quit the
boat at Alf. ascend to the Marienbnrg, and regain the steamer at Piinderich
(S/4 br. in all). The steamer takes iy^ hr. to ascend from Alf to Pdnderieh,
and passengers need not quit the Marienbnrg until after the boat «omes
in sight at Briedel.
A fine route, but one not easily followed without a guide, descends
from the Marienbnrg to the Valiep of the Alf and Btrtridii i^/i hr.; see
below). From the ^Schone Aussicht' on this route a path leada to the
chapel on the Reiler HaU (view), yrhence we may descend to Piinderich
Station (p. 197).
From Alf to Bbrt&ioh^ 5V2 M. The road at first ascends the
romantic Valley of the Alf, between the 8oUig and the Ptiruienkopf,
and then, at (IV2 M.) the 'Fabrik Alf (now a rope-walk), ascends
the valley of the Vessbaeh, At the top of the hill lie the ruins of
Burg Arras J said to have been built by Abp. Robert of Tr&ves in 938
for a charcoal-burner and his two sons, who had distinguished them-
selves by tiieir courage in the destruction of a band of Hungarians.
Bertrich. — Hotels. *Pitz, with d^pendance, connected with the Kur-
haus. B. 2-41/2, B. 1, D. 3, pens, without 8. 4Vr9 Jf; *Dbxi Bxxchskbohxh,
B. IVfSVs^ pens. 6-7 Jf; *Ai>lbb, B. 3, D. 2V4, pens, from 5 Jf; Kub-
FdBST, B. IV4-3 Jt, B. 80 pf., D. 21/4, pens. 4Vr6 Jf, well spoken ofi Dhein,
B. & B. 2V2, D. 2, pens. l^rQ M; Zum Kdbplatz, B. & B. 2-2Vt, T>. (12.30)
11/2, pens. 4-5 M; Tbaubbi Villa Mbduka, B. « B. 14-24Yt Jt weekly;
Villa Dillbmbubo, pens, v/t-b^/t M; BSIibbbad, pens. 4>/r5 At Haus
Abndt, pens. 61/2-71/2 Jt; Mabibhhohe, I1/4 M. from the village, pens,
from 4 •#. — Beer in the Kurhaus ; Restaurant Schveizerhaiu.
Carriage to Alf and Bullay 6, with two horses 6 Jf, there and back
6 and ^ Jt f two-horse carr. to Pulvermaar 12, to Manderscheid and hack 24,
Daun and Belvedere near Manderscheid 22, Daun and baok 24-26 Jf.
V18ITOBB' Tax, 1 pars. 9, a family 18 Jf.
Bertrieh (540 ft), a small watering-place with 400 inhab.,
delightfully situated in a secluded valley, and visited annually by
2000 patients, may be described as a kind of modified Carlsbad,
the waters of which are specially efficacious in gout, rheumatiflm,
CohUmtQ Treves, PONDERIOH. Afop,p. 190. — 25.B. 197
and nervous, liver, and intestinal complaints. The warm springs
(90^ Fahr.) contain Glanbei's salts. Pleasant walks have been laid
out in all directions. On the Bomerkesiel, an eminence where the
Boman relics now in the garden of the bath -establishment were
found, is a small Protestant chapel.
The road to Lutzerath through the yaUey of the Uess crosses that
stream about 1/2 M- f^om the Kur-Garten. To the left, beyond the
bridge, is the Elfen-MukU (restaurant). About 50 paces farther on
we cross a bridge to the left and reach the X&skeller ('cheese-
cellar*), a grotto composed of basaltic columns, each formed of 8 or
9 spheroids^ resembling Dutch cheeses. Near it is a Waterfall,
(often dry in summer), crossed by a graceful bridge. A basaltic
stream of lava is visible in several places in the bed of the Uessbach.
Pleasant walka may be taken from the Easkeller to the (1 hr.) Entert-
hurff; to the (H/t hr.) Kftdelheok (1586 ft. ; refreshments at the adjacent
forester^s), which commands an extensive panorama, and thence aoross
the ridge to the E. to the (Vs hr.) Reinhardtlust-^ to (S^A M.) Fandtrich
(see below); and to (3 M.) SprinffirOHxch (p. 198).
If we follow the path marked with red crosses, which diverges from
the road to Lutzerath beyond the Blfen-Hiihle, we reach (in 40 min.) the
Falkenlei (1360 ft.), a semi-conical hill, the S.E. side of which is a
precipice 170 ft. in height, exhibiting the geological formation of the
interior. At the bottom lie solid masses of lava ; at the top scoriae and
slag. Numerous caves and clefts have been formed in the rock, in which
the temperature seldom exceeds 48" Fahr. The rocks are thickly covered
with yellowish red moss and lichens. The summit (shelter-hut) affords an
extensive view of the volcanic peaks of the Eifel; the highest are the
Hohe Acht (p. 103), the Niirburg (p. 103), with a tower on its summit, and
the Hohe Kelberg (2130 fl.); to the W. the prospect is circumscribed by
the long isolated ridge of the Mosenberg (p. 212), a little to the left of
which rises the Kerother Kopf with its ruin (p. 206).
As the starting-point for a Visiv to thb Eipbl (p. 203), Bertrich is
better adapted for drivers (c«rr., p. 196) than for w&ikers, as the first
part of the route is rather featureless. From the Elfen-Miihle the road
ascends to the left to C^/2 U.) HonOieim^ and then follows the ridge to the
right to (3 M.) SirotghHsch. From Strotsbilsch we may fallow the road for
about 2 M . more and then proceed to the l6ft via the JUHn«r§bfirg to the
(Vs M.) Pulvermaar (p. 210). — Walkers may descend to the N*. from the
Falkenlei to Kennfut and follow the high-road thence to (^/aM.) Lutzerath
(Haas, very fair), which is about 41/2 M. firom the Pnlvermaar.
Railway fbom Bullat to Treves. (Light railway vl& Berii-
castel see pp. 198-202.) Beyond Bullay the train crosses the
Moselle by the double bridge mentioned at p. 196, and penetrates
the Prinzenkopf (p. 196) by a curved tunnel, 480 yds. in length,
which emerges upon the river above Punderich (p. 199). The rail-
way is next carried along the hill by an imposing viaduct with
92 arches, each 24 ft. wide. — 8872 M. Pflnderich, the station for
the village on the right bank, IV4 M. farther down (p. 199; ferry),
and junction for Enkireh and Traben (61/2 M. in i/2 hr. ; p. 199).
Beyond Punderich the train quits the river, and eaters the
AlfttU by means of another tunnel (630 yds.) through the Reiler
B(d8, (The valley of the Moselle is regained at Schweich, p. 198.)
198 R.25,^Map,p.290. WITTLICH. The MoHUe from
To tbe Tight in the Alftal is seen the chnrch of the old canoniy
of Springirshach, founded in 1107, bnt rebuilt in the Italian style
of the 18th century. Adjacent is Nlcolay's Inn (pens. 31/2 JO- ^^
the N. is the heautiful KondelwcUd^ traversed by a path along the
Signal to Bertrich (p. 196). The line ascends the Alftal, past
r41i/2 M.) Bengel and Kinderheuren (Wirtz), and beyond a tunnel
d35 yds. tn length reaches —
44 M. Uerzig (Koppelkamm, R. & B. ^2V2 -iO» ^ M- 'w>™ *^«
village of that name on the Moselle (p. 200), to which an omnibus
runs twice daily.
The train now descends into the valley of the Litter.
From (47 M.) Wengeroht branch-lines run to Bemccutel and to
(21/2 M., in 10 min.) Wittiich (WeW, R, 2-3, B. 8/4, pens. 4-6 UJf;
Traube, R. 11/2*2, B. 8/4-I, D. 11/4-^, pens. 4-6Ur, both very fair;
Losffi, similar prices), a district-town with 4100 inhab., prettily
situated on the Lieser. Pleasant walks may be taken to the Pteiner
MiihU, KunowtUd, Affenberg (20 min. ; Restaurant Philippsburg), etc.
— Diligence to Manderscheid^ see p. 211 ; daily to (IO72 M.) Eisen"
schmitt via Orosditgen and Himmerodj see p. 213.
FsoK Wengebohb to Behncastbl, 9Vt IM., local railway in */« hr.
The train descends the Tine -clad valley of the Lieser. 2 M. Flatten \
5 M.^ Siebenbom, the station for Ifoviandi b^/t H. Maring. Near (7 M.)
Ueier it reaches the Moselle, opposite MUlheim (p. 201). 9V2 V* Cuet'
Bemcattel (p. 201},
The Lieser is crossed. To the right lie the hamlet of Buracheid^
the village QtAltrieh, and the Haardter Hofe, Beyond the watershed
between the Lieser and the 8alm we reach —
52 M* Salmrohr, IV2M. from which is the pilgrimage - resort
Eberarda-Clauserij an old abbey with an Interesting church (carved
altar of the second half of the 15th cent.). — 57 M, Hetzerath
(630 ft. ; Paltzer), 41/2 M. from Clusserath (p. 202>
59 M. rdhren. — 6IV2 M. Sthweieh (steamb. stat.; Denhart),
1 M. firom the station, on the Moselle, opposite the Schweieh Ferry
station on the Moselle Valley Light Railway (p. 202). The train
then passes through the tunnel of Inael^ 850 yds. in length. —
63 V2 M. Quint y with iron-works (p. 202). — 65 M. Ehrang (Hei-
mann), a station on the Eifel railway (p. 207), is also connected
with Treves by a branch-line (5 M.) passing Bievier and PaUien
(p. 188). The Moselle railway crosses the river beyond Pfcdzel,
and reaches —
69 M. Tr^vesi see p. 181.
The Koselle from BuUay to Treves.
H0SBI.LS Vallbt Light Railwat on the right bank from BuUay to
Treves, 63 M,, in 4 hrs. (fares 2nd class 4 UT 80, 3rd el. 3 UTIO pf.). This
new line affords a fair surrey of the river, surpassed, however, by that
from the steamboat The stations (including the more important places
on the left bank) are indicated bdow by the mileage from Bullay pre-
ceding their names.
Cb6fen» to Treves. TRARBACH. Map, p. IfO. — 25. B. 199
The first place passed by the railway and steamhoat after leailng
Alf is (2 M.) Merl (Croff, well spoken of), on the right hank, 2 M.
above BuUay (p. 195). At the lower end of the village rise the
*El8tnrm*, belonging to the former fortifications, and the Severins-
turm, a clock-tower of the destroyed church of that name. — B.B^
CofToy, a subnrb of —
3M. Zell(steamb. stat.). —Hotels. Fieb, witb terrace, B. 1V2-3V3, B. i,
B. 2V«, pens. 4-6 •#, very fair; I^skbhof, E. 1V4-2»A, B. V*) D. from IV2,
pens, from S'/z Jt^ with garden on the river, well spoken of.
Zellf a district- town with 2730 inhab., surrounded by remains
of old walls, presents an attractive picture and invites to a prolonged
stay. The interesting old Electoral Chdteau was built in 1 543. Hand-
some new Town Hall, Fine view from the Hochcollis (E.) and from
the Bumrnkopf, — Opposite (ferry) lies —
L.B. KainU, whence a picturesque path leads along the base
of the Barl to (1 hr.) the Marienburg (p. 196).
R.B.. (572^0 Briedel (Schneider), commanding a good view of
the S. uid W. sides of the Marienburg.
R.B.(7V2M.)PtinderM!A(6teamb. and rail. Stat.; see p. 197; Kall-
felz, unpretending), a picturesquely-situated village. Opposite the
steamboat-pier is the path mentioned at p. 196, which ascends to
the Marienburg in V4 hr. Farther on, high up on the left bank,
are the mouth of the Priraenkopf Tutmel (p. 197) and the viaduct
of the railway, which then enters the Alftal (p. 1*96) by the Roller
Tunnel.
R.B. Beilkirchj 1V4^* ^^ore Piinderich, is the churchyard of
the village of Beit (railway, see p. 197 ; Mfinich), which lies a little
higher up on the opposite bank. Beyond Reil the left bank is
very steep.
R.B. (91/2 M.) Burg. — R.B. rill/2 M.) EnkinA (steamb. stat. ;
seep. 197; Anker, R.IV2-2, D. 172^1?, B. 60 pf.; Steflfensberg, both
very fair), a large village, named Ankaracha in the earliest docu-
ments. Good wine Is raised on the Stephansberg.
L.B. Kovenich, a small group of houses, built chiefly with
i^e ruins of Montroyal (see below). — L.B. lAtzig,
On the top of the lofty rocks to the left (R.B.) lies Starkenhur^,
with the ruins of a castle, in which, about the middle of the 14th
cent., the Countess Laurette von Starkenburg detained Archbishop
Baldwin of Treves in captivity for an attempted infringement of her
rights, until he paid a large ransom for his liberation. On the left
bank rises the Trabener Berg (892 ft.), on the flat top of which are
traces of the fortress of Montroyal j constructed by Louis XIV. in
1686, but demolished in 1697 in pursuance of the Treaty of
Ryswyck. The hill commands a beautiful view. — At the apex
of the curve which the river makes round this hill lie —
L.B. (141/2 M.) Traben (steamb. stat.; branch-line to Piinderich,
see p. 197) and (R.B.) Trarbaeh.
20(X B. 25. — Map] p. 190, UERZIG. The MoseUeftom
Hotels (generally well spoken oQ* -^i Traben: *Fsi8t, new, with,
garden, on the Moselle; EIaiqe&hof, at the railway-station, B. & B. from
2V2, I>. 2-2V2, pens, from 41/2 Jf\ Gkrmania, plainer. — At Trarbaeh: Adolf,
with veranda on the Moselle, R. A B. 2-3, D. IV2, pens. 4-6 Jt; BBLLsycBf
B. A 6. 21/4, D. 2, S. 11/4, pens. 4-4V2 «#; Marx, on the road to the Wildbad,
R. & B. IV2-2V2, pens. 3V2-AV2 »^' — Reatauraat. ^BrUckentehmke^ on the
right hank, a quaint establishment, with view-terrace (good wine). —
Ccuino^ at Trarbaeh, good wine (introduction required).
Trahen and Trarbaeh^ connected by a bridge ftoll 5 pf.), have
formed since 1904 one town with (^4^9 inhab., most of whom are
Protestants (comp. p. 191). Both have a large trade in wine, and
the number of new bnildlngs bears witness to their prosperity. —
On the hill above Trarbaeh (reached in 20 min.) is the rain of the
Oraflnburg^ built, according to the legend, by Countess Laurette
von Starkenburg with the ransom of Archbishop Baldwin (see p. 199).
At Trarbaeh opens the Kautenbach-Tal, a valley enclosed by wooded
and rocky slopes, in which is the small Wildbad Trarbadi (pens. 5-61/2 UlT,
with restaurant; concerts on Wed. & Sun. afternoons), with thermal oaths
prescribed in cases of gout. About I'/a M. farther up is the older Bad
Wildttein (Eass*s Inn, B. & B. 2V4, I>. 2, pens, from 5V2 Jf)y supplied from
the same springs. — We may follow the valley to the village of Longktmp
and descend through the Tiefenbach-Tal (p. 201) to Bemcastel (in all
372 hrs.), or we may ascend the hill above the older Bad for 1/4 hr.,
proceed through wood for 72 ^^'y '^^^ then (guide-ifost) deflcend to (1 far.)
Bemeastel direct.
At Trarbaeh begins the district of the * Upper Moselle', which
produces the *ZeltingerSchlo8flherg', *Bemca8teler Doctor', *Braune-
berger', and other highly-prized varieties of Moselle wine.
L.B. Bissbach. — R.B. (17 M.) Wolf, The ruins on the hiU are
those of a monastery.
L.B. (18 M.) Croff (Zur Ordfinburg^ unpretending) possesses an
interesting half-timbered house with two oriel-windows.
L.B. (2OV2M.) Kinheim (Echtemacher Hof).
R.B. Kindel. — R.B. Losenich. — R.B. (213/4 M.) Erden
(Erdener Treppchen), noted for its wine.
On the left bank, below Uerzig, is a tower huilt into the red
sandstone rock, formerly a castle, afterwards a hermitage, known
as the MichaelS'Lei or Nicolaus^Lei,
L.B. (22V2 M.) TJeriig (steamb. stat.; Post, very fair), a place of
some importance, which once possessed an independent jurisdic-
tion. It is 2 M. from the station mentioned at p. 198, the road
to which :flr8t ascends somewhat steeply (fingerpost at the top;
diligence in 1/2 ^^r. ; omnibus 50 pf.).
R,B. (231/2 M.) Bachiig, — L.B. Machem, once a nunnery,
R.B. (241/4 M.) Zeltingen (steamb. stat.; Fost; M, Stroh'), cele-
brated for its wine. The whole of the slopes from Rachtig to Bem-
castel are covered with vineyards, the hest those on the Schlossberg,
L.B. (26 M.) Wehlen. — R.B. (27 M.) Oraach (Ye\ten). Adja-
cent to the church is a former convent. The Martinshofj or Josephs"
hof^ a little lower down, the Himmelreich, and the Kirehlei all
produce esteemed varieties of wine.
CohUnxtoTrhjet, IREBNCASTEL. Map,p.l90.-'^6.R, 201
« R.B. (28 M.) Bernoastti (steamb. stat.)- — HotAls. *Dbbi Eonigb,
well fituated on the left bank, near the Cues Hospital (p. 201), B. A B. 2Vs-4,
D. 2V«i S. IVa, pens. 6-7 Jl; Zub MosEtBHecKE, R. & B. from l'/* •#. —
On the right bank, in Berncastel: *Post, R. lVs-2, pens. 4Vr5 Jt;
KdMisoHBB Kaibbb, B. VIx-2j B. 60 pf., pens. 3V2-5 UV; Bnaa Landshut,
E. A B. 2-2V2 Ul. — Good wine at the (Jatino (introduction necessary).
Berncastel (360 ft.), a piosperous town with 4538 inbab., is
coonected with Cuts on the left bank by an iron bridge. It cairies
on a large trade in wine and offers one of the most attractive
pictures on the Moselle. The quaint old town is for the most part
crowded into a narrow side-valley. In the market-place are the Bat-
lutus, containing three ancient drlnldng-cups, and the old Pillory,
At the upper end of the town, on the river, are the new District
Offices. A sunny path ascendB to (20 min.) the ruined electoral
oastle of Landshut, now the property of Emp. William, which
commaBLds a beaatiful view of the Moselle and of the picturesque
valley of the Tiefenbach (key of the tower at the hotels ; 20 pf.).
The wines known as *Bemoa8teler Doctor' and 'BadstuV are much
prized. -^ Cues is the terminus of the branch-railway from Goblenz
to Treves mentioned on p. 198 (station straight on from the bridge).
It was the birthplace of the learned Cardinal ^icolaus Cusanus
(d. 1464), who founded a hospital here and bequeathed to it his
library, containing some valuable MSS., a number of Codices,
and rare old impressions. The hospital owns several of the vineyards
in the neighbourhood.
The Tiefenbaeh-Tal, throngh which runs the road vi& the Hunsriick
to Kirchberg and the l^ahetal, vies with the valley of the Ahr (p. 98) in
the grandeiXV- of its rock-formations. There is a waterfall near a chapel,
1 M. from Berncastel; and from this point we may proceed to the right,
tbrough a lateral valley, to (*/4 hr.) Mome^eld (view) and (1 hr.) Veldens
(see below). — From Berncastel to Trarbach, see p. 200.
R.B. {^OM..)Andel. — L.B.LieBeT(steamb. stat.; Mehn; Baum)j
a well-built village at the mouth of the brook of that name; rail.
8tat. see p. 198.
R.B. (31 V2 M.) Mulhtim (Fischer, very fair, R. & B. 2, pens.
4 J(\ a village of some importance, at the entrance to the pictur-
esque Veldenz Valley^ with Burg Veldens and the villages of Veldenz
(Bottler) and Tal Veldens.
R.B. (33 M.) Dustmond (Plunien, well spoken of). — R.B. iV^cti-
FUsen, — R.B. Filzen.
L.B. The Brauneberg, famous for its wine (p. xxiii).. At the
upper end of the Brauueberg, on the hill, lies Monsely below which,
on a small headland, is (34i/4 M.) Kesten (steamb. stat ; Licht, plain
but very fair; footpath in IV4 lir. to Pisport, see p. 202). The
hills of OfUigsherg and Neuherg, on the other bank, also produce
excellent wine.
R.B. (35 V2 M.) Winterich, beyond which the rocky slopes of
the Oeierslei approach close to the river.
L.B. (37*^ M.) Minheim^ at the apex of a sharp curve in the
202 R. ^5,-^ Map, p. 190. NEUMAGEN.
river. — R.B. Eeinsport (Fuchs). A little Inland lies (38 M,)
Niederemmel. — R.B. MiistcrU
L.B. Pitport, the ancient Pingoniiut Portus, has been for cen-
turies famous for its wine. Hence yil Clausen to 4^e rail. stat. of
Salmrohr (p. 198), 6V2 M.
L.B. FerreSf the Boverii$ of ancient charters.
On the right bank a branch of the Roman road mentioned below
descends the hill. — A little higher np , the l%ran, a rapid stream,
abounding in fish, flows into the Moselle on the left. The Tillage of
Thron or Dhron (Feilen), in its narrow valley, is noted for its wine
CHofberger»).
R.B. (411/2 ^0 Venmagen (steamb. stat. ; Neumagener Hof^
R. 2-3, B. ^liJf; Hoffmann) , the Roman Noviomagus, where Oon-
stantlne had a palace, mentioned by Ansonlns. Extensive excavations
made in 1877-85 near the chnrch (a building of 1190) showed that a
large and strong fortress was afterwards erected en the site of the
palace as a protection against the Qermanlc tribes. Many Roman
tombstones (now at TrSves, p. 186) were used in the foundations.
L.B. (43^2 ^0 Trittenheim, with a handsome church, the birth-
place of JohannTrithemlus, the historian (d. 1516). — The carriage-
road on the hills on the opposite bank, between the valleys of the
Moselle and the Thron, follows the line of an ancient Roman road.
R.B. (451/2 M.) Leitwn. — R.B. (471/* M.) K$werieh. — L.B,
Clusserath (steamb. stat. ; Traut), at the mouth of the 8alm, 41/2 ^*
from Hetzerath (p. 198).
R.B. Thomich, — R.B. Detum (*ad decimum', i.e. the tenth
Roman milestone from Treves). Opposite, —
L.B. Ensch, — L.B. Sehleich, — L.B. Polich, where remains of
a Roman villa have been excavated. — L.B. (521/2 M.) Mehring
(Post). — L.B. Lorsch, — L.B. Longen.
A little inland on the right bank, between the last-named two
villages, on the side of the hill, lies (541/2 M.) Rtol, the BigodiUum
of Tacitus, where the Roman general Cerealis conquered the Treveri,
and took their leader Valentinus prisoner, A.D. 70.
R.B. (558/4 M.) Longwich (Sonntag), prettily situated on the
river. — R.B. Kirsch.
L.B. (563/4 M.) Schweich (steamb. stat. ; p. 198). R.B. TSl M.)
Schweich Ferry. — L.B. Between Uael and Ehrang (p. 198) Is
the iron-foundry of Quint (*ad quintum', i.e. 5 Roman miles from
Treves).'
R.B. (601/4 M.) Ruwer (Longen); in the valley of the brook of
that name, through which ascends the railway from Treves to
Hermeskeil (33 M., in 21/2 hrs.; H6t. Wagner; Post), lie Oriinhaua
and Casel, both famed for their wine.
L.B. Pfalzel (Palatiolum)j where Adela, daughter of King
Dagobert L, founded a nunnery in 655.
63 M. Trives, see p. 181.
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26. The Volcanic Eifel.
The Sifel is a bleak mountainous plateau, seamed with deep rocky
ravines, situated between the Moselle, the Bhine, and the Boer, about w
H. in length, and 25 H. in breadth. Geologically it consists of distorted
strata of Devonian rocks, above which, at a very early period, a tolerably
horisontal layer of 8a;ndstone was deposited. These formations were
subsequently disturbed by considerable volcanic action, which has left
interesting traees in the form of streanra of lava, slag-hills, *Maare\ or extinct
craters filled witb water, etc. — The £. part is called the ffohe Eifel ^
near Adenau and Kelberg, and comprises the Hohe Acht (2410 ft. 5 p. 103),
«be Ifiirburg (2180 ft.; p. 103), the Aremberg (p. 102), and the Erensberg
(2266 ft.-, p. 206)-, the W. part is the Scfmei/el {i.e. Schnee-Eifel), in the
neighbourhood of Priim (p. 205)^ and the S. part is the picturesque
Vorder-Eifelt or Volcanic Eifel, extending as far as the Rhine (Laacher
See, p. 105), and embracing Gerolstein, Daun, Manderscheid (p. 211), and
Bertrich (p. 196). — Comp. Dronke- Sappers' t ^Die Eifel' (Cologne, 1900:
2 ^) and Dr. von Deehen'i '•OeognosHscher FOhrer dutch die Vordereifer
C2nd ed., 1886; 8 •#). A pleasant account of the district is afforded by 'In
the Volcanic EifeP, by KatTuxrine and Gilbert Macquoid (illus. ; 1896).
a. Bail way from Cologne to Tr^yes.
112 M. RAILWAY in SVi-SVa hrs. (fares 14 Ul 40, 10 UT 80, 7 Ul 20 pf.,
express 16 Ul 20, 12 Jl, S JHO pf.).
Cologne , see p. 26. As far as (7 M.) Kalscheuren the line
follows the direction of the Left Rhenish Railway (R. 10); it then
turns to the right, and intersects the Vorgebirffe (p. 81). 10 M.
Kietherg; I38/4 M. Liblar^ junction for light railways to Euskirchen
(see below), to Hdrrem (p. 15), and to Briihl (p. 81) and Vochem ;
18 M. Weiler8wistf the station for Vemich: 21^2 M. Derkum.
26 V2 M. Enskirchen (492 ft. ; Rheinischer Hof, R. & B. 31/2 *^;
Traubey R. & B. 2V2 «^; Pohi, all three very fair), a town of 11 ,360
inhab., with cloth-factories, lies on -the Erft. It is the junction of
the Cologne line with branches to Diiren and Bonn.
Fbou Euskibohbn to DCren, I8V2M., railway in ca. »/4 hr. (fares 2JHD,
1 ur 80, 1 ur 20 pf.). —en. iStllpieh (Kdlner Eof, R. ^ B. 21/4 Mh an ancient
town (2106 inhab.), the Roman ToVbiacum^ where in 496 the Alemanni were
defeated by the Franks, in consequence of which victory Clovis became
a convert to Ohristianity. The handsome Romanesque church of Bi. Peter
dates from the 11th and 12th centuries. ^ ISVs H. J)ilren (see p. 16).
Fbok Euski&ghsm to Bonn, 21 H., railway in ca. 1 hr. (fares 2 Jf 80,
2 Uf 10, 1 «# 40 pf.). — The line crosses the Er/t. 2M. CucTienheim ; 41/2 M.
Odendorf. About 2 M. to the 8.E. of (71/2 M.) iZAeiwftacA (Wald-H6tel ; Kauth,
R. 1-1V4 Jf} riaes the Tomberg, with a mined castle, the ro«nd tower ot
which dates from the ISth or 14th cent. (view). — lO'/z M. Meckenheim
(DoJ/, Eiehen, both well spoken of), a village with 18C0 inhab., once forti-
fied. — 21 M. Bonn, see p. 85.
FsoH EnsKiBCHSN TO M6N8TBBSI7BL, 8V2 ^'t railway In *A hr. (fares
90, 60 pf.). — Kilnatereifel (918 ft.; Eitlebrand, R. & B. 21/4-21/2, D. 1V4»
pens, i Jfi Poit, both very fair), a small town (3000 inhab.) prettily
situated on the Erft, has a late-Romanesque chjarch of the 12th cent.,
with an older crypt and a good monument of the 14th century. The old
wi^s and gates of the town are picturesque. — About 6 M. to the S.B. of
Munstereifel (beyond Roderi) rises the basaltic Miehehberg (1880 ft.), with
a pilgrimage-chapel and fine view.
To the right rises the picturesque old castle of Veynau. 30 M.
Satavey; 34 M. Afccfccmfcfc (980 ft. ; Schiirger), to the left of which
204 R. 26, --Map, p. 202. HILLESHEIM. Eifel.
are extensive lead-mines and foundries, with, tall chimneys, one
440 ft. high. Beyond a tnnnel, the line steadily ascends.
39 V2 M. Call (1235 ft.; Nessgen; Reinhard), a TiHage with
forges.
Fbok Call to Hbllbnthal. 10i/« H., railway in 1 hr. — d>/2M. Gemind
CBersimann, B. Is^Vs, D. l»/4 Jf; Breuer; mapJuxcke, B. ft B. 2^^
!>• IVs Jf)i at the janotion of the Or/t and Ole/^ is the best sUrting point
for a visit to the new ^TJrftal BeMrvoir, at MaUbmden, 2 M . from the
station. A motor-boat plies in 40 min. to the hage dam (170 ft. high$
250 yds. long) at the end of the pictaresque artificial lake, which extends
down the vsUley for nearly 7 M. — From Qemiind to JSMnUxtch. see p. 15«
— 5»^ M. Olef, — 71/, M. Schleiden (Edlner Bo/, pens, d^/ri^/t Jf, very
fair; BUsch\ with 660 inhab., two ancient churches, and a modem chiteau.
— 10 M. Blum$rUlMl (hotel), a little above which rise the imposing ruins
of the castle ot Reiferseheid, mentioned as earlj as fiTTS, the ancestral seat
of the Princes and Counts of Salm-Beifferseheid-Dyck. — lOVsM. HtUtn-
thai (Schinck, very fair), picturesquely situated on the Olef.
42 M. Vfft (Schneidw). The old Premonstratensian abbey of
Sieinftld^ founded in the 10th cent, and now a reformatory, lies
1 M. to the S.W. (not visible}; the church is large and well-pre-
served. — 451/2 M. T^ttUrsheim (1475 ft.), on the Urft.
491/2 M. Blankenheim (1630 ft.), which lies 21/2 M. from the
station (diligence thrice daily; Post; Kolner Hof), is situated in a
narrow valley to the E., with the picturesque ruins of the ancestral
castle of the knights of Blankenheim, built in the 12th century.
The remains of a large Roman villa were discovered here in 1894.
The Alvr (p. 98) rises at Blankenheim, where its sources are enclosed
by a wall.
The line continues to ascend, until at (52 M.) Sohmidiheim
(1815 ft.), with an old chltean of Count Beyssel, it crosses the
watershed between the Urft and the beautiful Valley of the Kyll,
which it enters at (571/2 M.) Junkerath (1416 ft. ; Kreisch ; Brlnk-
mann), the stotion for Stadtkyll (Post), 3 M. to the W. Jankerath,
which possesses a large foundry and an extensive ruined castle, prob-
ably occupies the site of the Roman station leorigmm, — 60 M.
lAssendorf (1355 ft.). The train descends, passing between this point
and Treves over 44 bridges and viaducts, and through 10 tunnels.
631/2 M. HilleBheim (1285 ft.; Kloep, R. & B. 21/4-21/2 UJT ;
Fastn^ both very fair), a small town with 1200 inhab., 2 M. to
the £. of the station. The (1 M.) Kyller Hoke commands a beau-
tiful view.
The Cauetburg (p. 206) may be ascended from Hillesheim station in
11/4 hr. We descend the vaUey of the Kyll to (20 min.) NiederUtUngen
and 0/s hr.) Bewingen. We then take the footpath to the left, beyond
the signalman's hut, and ascend to (Vs hr.) the top.
FaoM H1LLX8HBIU TO Adenad by road, 17i/s V. The best plan is to
leave the road at (3 H.) Kerpen, with a ruined castle, and proceed to
(1V2 M.) Niederehe (Schmitz), with an old convent-church containing in-
teresting monnments. Thence by a footpath, along the stream, to the
Nohner Miihle, the ruin and waterfall of DreimUhUn, and AhUite (Fasen).
At Lmtdtridorf, I1/4 M. to the W., are the remains of a Boman villa.
From Ahiitte we follow the valley of the Ahbach to («/« hr.) the pictur-
esque ruin of Neu-Blanhenheim. Hence we ascend by a path to the right
Eifel QEROLSTEIN. Map, p. 2^2. — 26. R. 205
(E.y to the (Vt br.) Kohn road, follow this to Kirmudieheid^ and either
take ^e road to the right vift Wirft and Hormerath or proceed vi^ Bar-'
weiltr (Servatias), WiesemehHd, and irarburg to Adenau (p. 108); or we
may go yil^ AniweHer and Aremberg to DUmptl/eld (p. 102).
The most interesting part of the line begins below Hillesheim.
The valley, which is fertile and well-cultivated, is enclosed by pre-
oipitons and partly -wooded limestone rocks of most picturesque
forms. To the right of the village of Pclm (Bahnhofs-H6tel; Britz;
station on the Andernach railway, 1 V4 M. to the N. E. of Gerolstein;
see p. 209), famed for its 'Gerolsteiner Schlossbrunnen* waters, rises
a wooded hill (1590 ft.) crowned with the ruined Ccuselburg (ascent
by the road from the Kyll bridge in 20-25 min., from the HUlesheim
rail, station in II/4 hr.), once the ancestral castle of the knights of
Kastelberg. The main tower, 164 ft. high, commands a splendid
view of the Kylltal and the Eifel. The key Is kept at the forester's
opposite (rfmtg.).
The Papenkaul (see below) may be reached from the forester's honse in
40 min.; near it is a stalactite cavern, known as tlit Buchehloch^ in which
some colossal fossilised bones were lately found. From the Papenkanl we
descend to Oerolstein In 1/4 hr., passing the lime-tree mentioned below.
The valley of Gees, to the S.E. of Pelro, abonnds in fossils.
69 M. Oerolstein. — Hotels 0/s M. from the station). *Po8T, with
veranda, restanrant, and garden, R. & B. 2Vs* D, 2 Jf ; \ Hbck, R. 4r B.
2-2Vt, D. IV4 Jf, very fair; Gbbolstsin, R. iyr^/% D. IV2 Jf, unpretending.
BathMV Station (restaurant) on the opposite bank of the Elyll.
QeroUUin (1230 ft.), with 1300 inhab., one of the most pictur-
esque places in the Eifel, is situated on the side of a rocky hill, and
commanded by a ruined castle, built by Gerhard von Blankenheim
in 1115, and afterwards in the possession of the Counts of Mander-
scheid. The CctstU, reached from the station in ^4 hr., past the
church, and then to the left, affords a fine view of the Kylltal
and the lava- formations on the opposite side. The best view of
Gerolstein itself is obtained from the Llnden-Strasse, a few hundred
paces beyond a large and venerable lime-tree, on the footpath to the
MunUr Ley, reached in 5 min. from the Kyll bridge by crossing
the railway. The view ftrom the (20 min.) flag-staff, higher up, is
more extensive but less picturesque. Still farther up is the Papen^
kaul (1745 ft.), a small extinct crater, from which a narrow stream
of lava descends by a grassy valley on the N. side into the Kylltal
(flrom the Papenkaul to the Casselburg Y2 ^» J red way-marks).
The entire neighbourhood of Gerolstein is very interesting in a geo-
logical point of view. Besides the volcanic formations, aqueous lime-
stone, containing innumerable fossil shells , also occurs. The best
known of the numerous mineral springs are the Florabrunnen , the
Sprudel, and the Hansahrunnen, the water of which is freely ex-
ported. — The volcanic Dieiztnley (1905 ft.), 3 M. to the S., near
Bflscheich, commands an extensive view. — Railway f^om Gerolstein
to Doun and Andernach, see p. 209.
Fbom Gebolstein to St. Vith, dS^k M., by the *Hohe-Venn-Bahn%
-railway in 2i/« hrs. The chief intermediate staUon is (15 H.) Priim (1895 ft.|
206 B,26. — Map,p.202, PRCM. Eifd.
Goldener Btem^ B. IVtf pens. 4Vs^ -^ t Kaiserho/t pens. 3 JO^ tiiuated on the
brook of that name, at the S. end of the Behneifel (p. 203), anciently the seat
of a Benedictine aboey founded by the Merovingians in 7^, and once in the
enjoyment of political independence, but suppressed by the French in 1801.
Pop. 2700. The church, containing the tomb of Lothaire I. (d. 865), dates
from the 16th century. About 5 M. to the K. are the picturesque ruins of
BehUneeken.—TlTlL. Bleialf. — 36Vs H. Si. Vith, an old town with 2000 in-
hab., is the junction of lines to Malmedy and Aix-la-CkapelU (see p. IS)
and of a military railway to U\/lingm (Luxembourg).
Walkers should choose the Old Road fbox GEBOLSTinr to Daum
(10 M.), which diverges to the right from the new road at the upper end
of Peim (p. 205). It ascends rapidly and soon reaches its highest point at
(3 M.) Kirchatiler (Schlcemer), whence the Eretuberg (2263 ft.) to the N. and
the Scharteberff (2230 ft.) to the 8., the latter even more distinctly recognis-
able than the former as an extinct volcano, may be ascended.. The eii^
cular crater is surrounded with blistered masses of slag. About 100 ft.
>elow the summit begin the lava -streams which descend towards the IT,
8., and B. The last of these, although almost everywhere covered with
*rapilli^ (or *lapilli*,. small round nodules of lava) and volcanic sand, is
traceable by the occasional protrusion of the rock through its superficial
•overing, and may be examined in the quarries worlced in it in thedi-
vectlen of StHnbom, where a transverse section of two streams lying one
above the other is exposed to view. The loweft stratum consists of
porous and but slightly deft basaltic lava; above it lies slag, 3-4 ft. in
thickness; next oomes a layer of rapiUi and volcinic sandjf and finally,
next the surface, basaltic lava again. A little farther to the S. is the
Nerother Kopf (2120 ft.) , a hill of slag crowned with a ruined castle and
containing a picturesque grotto. — Beyond Eirchweiler the hilly road to
Daun next passes ^e<»6on», where there is a mineral spring (to the left
the FeUberg, to the right the Mmmetieh, two craters with lava -streams),
and Jfiivnkirchen.
To the light, beyond Gerolstein , are the castle -like rock of
Auburg and the steep crags of the MunUr Ley (p. 205). At Lis-
aingen are two castles, acUoining each other and still occupied. —
74 M. Birrtihotn (1100 ft; Krone), a village of 1000 Inhab. on the
right bank of the Kyll, connected by a stone bridge with the railway
station on the left bank. About 1 V4 M. aboTO the Tillage Is situated
the Mifietal Spring of Birresborn, ihe strongest and best-known of
the chalybeate springs of the Eifel.
76 V2 M. Murlef^ach (1050ft.; Post very fair), a village (800
Inhab.) with the ruins of a castle founded by the Merovingians and
rebuilt In the 17th century. — 78 M. Densbom (1210 ft.), with two
ruined castles. The limestone-rocks are now succeeded by variegated
sandstone. The line traverses a pleasant wooded tract, and passes the
villages of Zendecheid and Vtsch and the suppressed Cistercian nun-
nery of St, Thomcu^ built In 1185. The fine church was erected In
the transition style about 1225. The train passes through a tunnd.
841/2 M. Kyllbnrg. — HoteU. 'Eivblbb Hof, 8 min. from staticm,
with veranda, E. A B. 2V«^, D. 3, pens. 4V9-6Vs Jft Stabm, E. l^/fL-.
"^ " ,, pens. 4-41/a Jf; Post, E. li/zJf, B. 60 pf. 5 GAbonnk, E. A B. 2V4-2%,
pens. i»/j-5 Jf, — Eifel-Bad (on the Kneipp system), pens. 40-00 Ji weekly.
B.V4,J
KyUburg (890 ft.), another very picturesque place, with 1140
inhab., lies on an eminence partly enclosed by the Kyll. From the
station we follow the road as far as the Kyll bridge and then, at
the tunnel, the steep main street to the Stem Inn. Hence we ]Q%y
mfel, KYLLBURG. Map, p,202. — 2S,B, 207
ascend to the right to the MaHeneaule (26 min.), a towei aflbrding
a fine view of Kyllbiirg, On a height to the left, reached by way of
the *Eifeler Hof , stands the handsome Gothic Stifttkirche (1195 ft.),
bnilt in 1276, with good choir - stalls, interesting tombstones, and
stained glass of 1534, from designs after Diirer (key kept at the
parsonage, the last house to the right, opposite the old watch-tower).
The adjacent cloisters, recently restored, and the chapter-honse, to
the B. of the cloisters, date firom the 14th century. A pleasant
promenade (Indicated by a finger-post at the npper well, to the left)
leads ronnd the slope of the hill for abont2 M.; another, the 'Bing-
pfad*, runs along above the left bank and is reached by crossing
the bridge and keeping to the right. Fine view from the *Wilsecker
Linde*, to the S., also reached by crossing the stream and turning
to the right.
On a height ahove the Kyll I'/i M. to the W. of Kyllburg, rises the
<ih&teati of Jfalherff, incorporated with an old castle and commanding a
fine view.
ViS EUemehmitt CH/aM.; diligence) or via Oberiail, Betten/eld, and the
Mosenberg to Manderscheid, see p. 211.
The train now passes through a short tunnel and crosses the
Kyll. The brook here describes a circuit, which the railway cuts off by
means of the Wilseck Tunnel. — 83 M. Erdorf (765 ft. ; Weinard)
is the station for BUburg (3^2^* distant; diligence six times daily
in 1 hr.).
The road to Bitburg crosses the Kyll. Immediately beyond the bridge
a road leads to the right to (2 M.) FlieMom (Leonetrdy), near which, in
the Odrttnffj are the remains of a Roman villa with several fine Bonuin
mosaic pavements (fee to the keeper). The Odrang is % "bx.^a walk from
Erdorf by the path diverging to the left from the Fliessem road.
Bitbnrg (1008 ft.; Pott^ very fj^; Jwtggdmriih) was the Bedat Victu of
the Bomans, and a station on their road from Tr^es to Cologne, several of
the milestones of which have been found in the neighbourhood. Pop. 28(X).
The line continues to follow the picturesque wooded Valley of
the Kyll, bounded by sandstone-rocks. The brook now becomes na-^
vigable for rafts. Tunnels and bridges follow each other in rapid suc-
cession, andnnmerous mills are passed. XtButtingeA is apicturesque
waterfall, 16 ft. high, but often scanty in summer. 93 M. Philipptf-
heim (645 ft), the station for (11/2^^0 ^udeldorf, with an old castle.
95 M. Speicher ; the village, with important potteries, lies on the hill,
IY2 M. to the E. 97 M. Auw, with a pilgrimage-church, erected
in 1708-46. — lOli/2 Daufenbach, with sandstone quarries. —
104^2 M. Cordel (475 ft.), with large quarries, where hundreds of
flints-axes have been found. To the right of the station rises the
ruined castle of Ramatein, erected in the 14th century. — 107 M.
Ehrangy the last station, lies at the junction of the Kylltal with the
valley of the Moselle, and is connected by a line of rails with the
Quint (p. 202). Beyond Pfalzely the Moselle is crossed; the station
of Treves is at the E. end of the town.
112M. Tr^eSySeep.lSl.
^iftiTiJof-r
1. ipnf'vv'tltj
^3
ijiiiM'
ij;r^lii/-»^
Luid^,
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tip^al^
sftrs-
210 Route 26. GEMtfNDER MAAR. BXfel.
way (to the ileft) to tlie (5 min.) Gemflnder Maar and the MSnse-
herg. The *0emibider Maar (1336 ft.) is the smallest of the cratei>
lakes of Dann. It lies in a partly-wooded basin, and is abont 18 acres
In area and 125 ft. in depth. — A guide-post beside the Moltke
monument indicates the way to the MSuseberg. In 10 min. tibe
shady road emerges from the wood and affords a beautifal *Vlit^
of the Gemiinder Maar, with Dann and its wooded hills beyond' it.
We then ascend to (10 min. farther) the nearly barren summit of
the M&nseberg (1840 ft.), which commands a fine view, especially
. from the trigonometrical signal on the E. side. In the foreground
lie the solitary Weinfelder Maar (1590 ft.), another of these craterf
lakes, 42 acres in area and 170 ft in depth, and the Weinfdd^
Kirche^ the only relic of the village of Weinfeld, now used as a
burial-chapel. (From the MSuseberg back to Daun vii the Wein-
felder Kirche, 8/4 hr.) -— To the S. E. of the Weinfelder Maar lies
the Schalkenmehrer Maar (1380 ft.), the third of the la.kes of Daun,
55 acres in area, 70 ft. in depth, and drained on the S. side by
the Alfbach (p. 196). The bed of peat on the E. side is believed
by geologists to be the site of a still older crater, which was after-
wards partly filled in consequence of an eruption from the crater
now occupied by the lake.
From the Schalkenmehrer Maar a path leads to the S. to (iVi hr.)
Eckfeld (p. 211). — A well-marked path leaves the Maar on the left fcfr
TritUcheid^ and foUowf the Lieaer down to Manderteheid (3-3V» hra.).
By proceeding towards the E. across the ridge between the two
Maare, we reach (1 1/2 M.) the village of Kehren (^Herbrand^Knodt,
very fair), situated on the highroad 41/2 M. to the S. E. of Daun
and 3 M. to the S. of Darscheid (p. 209 ; a pleasant walk through
the Lehwald). — Near Steineberg^ about IV4 M. from Mehren and
2 M. from Darscheid, is the BingwaLl, an extensive prehistoric
burial-ground commanding a fine view (best from the platform at
the top).
We follow the road, parts of which are shaded by trees, for about
4 M. farther, take the GiUenfeld road to the right, and diverge by
a footpath to the left to the *Pulvermaar (1350 ft.), the most beau-
tiful and, after the Laacher See (p. 105), the largest of these crater-
lakes, 95 acres in area and 245 ft. deep, situated in a basin fringed
with woods. The hills (ca. 230 ft.) on its banks consist almost en-
tirely of volcanic sand, which appears as a black powder in the water
of the lake. On the S. side rises the Romersherg (1565 ft.), a con-
siderable rock composed of slag. From this point to Strotzbiisch,
see p. 197; to Lutzerath, 4V2 M.
About 11/2 M. to the W. of the Pulvermaar lies the vilUge of
GiUenfeld (1335 ft, } ZiiZgrcn, very fair j Clasen-, diligence to Daun,
p. 209 J carr. to Manderscheid 8 Jf), :
At Strohn, 2 M. to the 8. of GiUenfeld, the valley of the Alf cuts into
the lava-deposits of the Wartetberg (1600 ft.), one of the largest volcanic
hills of the Eifel. It is undoubtedly a crater, though its form is not easily
recognized as euch.
r
k ■-: -i^^
wem
<-M ^fcg* JT^
^!?'*5?^^r*' '^V 5%*^^-^
0^
Eifel. BfiANDEBSOHEID. 26. BouU, 211
Fbom Gillbnvbli) to Mamdbbschbid, 6 M. After about 1 M.
the road leads for a short distance through wood, affording a view
of the small Holzmaar to the right. Eckfeld is passed 2 M. farther
on, and then (1 M.) Buchholz, with the church common to these
two Villages. Near Buchholz, beyond Hoffmann's Inn, a footpath di-^
verges to the right, which is joined 10 min. farther on by another
path coming from the church of Buchholz. Here we again turn to
the right and after a walk of 10 min. more through trees reach the
^Belvedere, one of the most beautiful points near Manderscheid,
which affords a striking view of the castles of Manderscheid rising
from the valley below, with the Mosenberg and other hills in the
background. The stump of a column from a Roman villa on the
Mosenberg commemorates thd visit of Frederick William IV. In
1838. — From the Belvedere we inay descend by a steep and
fatiguing path to the (12 min.) Lieser and re-ascend in 12 min. more
to the saddle by the upper castle, near which we enjoy to the left
a charming view of the lower castle ; thence by the ridge to a small
view-temple and to (10 min.) Manderscheid. — Another path is
Indicated by a finger-post about 80 yds. before we reach the Bel*
vedere, leading in 1/4 l^r. to Nitder- Manderscheid, in the valley of
the Lieser, where we regain the highroad. The road crosses the
Lieser (fine view from the bridge) and ascends to (*/4-l M.)
Manderscheid.
Fbou Daum to Mandeksgheid, direct (10V2 K' ; diligence twice daily in
2 bra.). Tbis road passes above OemOndm ip. 909) to Weifersbaohy quits
the vaUcQ^ of the I4«s§r^ and ascendd to Uederidorf. The lofty and im-
Eosing masses of lava which the road traverses between these villages are
elieved to owe their origin partly to a volcano to the 8. of Uedersdorf,
which culminates in the Weberle^ (1530 ft.), a slag-hill ndar the valley of the
Kleine KyH^ and partly to a volcanic mountain (1770 ft.) rinng towards the
N.W. HalfWay between Uederadorf amd Manderscheid lies BleeMhamen.
MaadetBCheid. — Hotels. HGlle jans, R. lVi-2> B. s/4, pens. 4-4V2 J( ;
Ziufi, E. A B. 2-2»/t, D. IV* 2, pens. 4-5 M; Heid, R. 6 B. 2-3, D. l»/4-2,
pens, i Jt; all three fair. — Gasbiagb to the Mosenberg 5, to Eisen-
schmitt 8, to Daun 8, to Wittlich 9-10, Bertrich 15, Gillenfeld 6, Kyllbnrg 14
(yi& Himmerod 16), Gerolstein via Neroth 12 Jt.
DiUgence io Daun, see above 5 to (I2V2M.) Witdich (p. 198) once daily
In 2Vi brs.) vi& Orosa-Liigin ai^d Jiinder-Litffen,
Mandetseheid (1270 ft.), a village of some- importance, wi^ 800
inhab., lies on a lofty plain between the Lieser and the Kleine
KyU» On the S. E. side, in a singularly picturesque situation, are
two *CasUes, perched on jagged slate-rocks rising j^ecipitously from
the deep valley of the Lieser, the ancient seat (first mentioned
in 8B9) of the Counts of Manderscheid who became extlnot in 1780.
The upper castle now belongs to Count Briihl, the lower one to the
Eifel Verein.
A pleasant Wau^ juay be taken as follows (2Vt-8 hrs.). From the
E" -office we follow the lane to the right to the Niedermanderscheid road,
i which w^ turn to the right for the Konsfantins-W&tdchen and its
U^n. Returning to the road, we descend to NiedtrmanderteluidL About
aPO paces beyond the bridge over the Lieser, a good but steep footpath,
14*
212 Boute26.'-Map,p,20^. MOSBNBERG.
beginning behind a sbrine, ascends to the left, crossing the Bttchholz road
twice. We then follow this road as far as the wood, through which an-
other road leads to the left to the (10 min.) Belvedere (p. 211). Thence
we may return by woodland paths descending to the Lieser ana ascending
to the Friedriobsplatz (see below), or by the steep path mentioned at
p. 211 leading down to the Lieser and thence vi& the Oberbwg to the
View Temple (p. 211) and the *Friedrieh§platz, which commands another
view of the castles. Hence to Manderscheid, 12 minutes.
The most inteiesting volcanic mountain of the £ifel is the con-
spicuous, three-peaked MosBNBEito, 1 hr. to the W. of Mander-
Bcheid. We fiist follow the Bettenfeld road, which descends into
the valley of the KUint Kyll^ crosses the stream at the Heidtmuhl^
(inn), and rapidly re-ascends. We take a path to the left at the
second bend, -which traveises fields, passes the marshy jffinleclsmaar,
and then leads to the left to the barren summit (shelter-hut huilt
of slag).
The Mesenberir (1720 ft.) is a long hill of lava extending from
N. to S., wooded on the E. side but denuded by volcanic action on
the W. It has four craters, the lava-walls of which rise fantastically
to a height of 50 ft. The basalt and slag which form the summit
have here protruded 250 ft. through the grauwacke. The most
distinctly marked crater is the second, containing a small Maar,
Immediately to the left of the Manderscheid and Bettenfeld road.
The huge lava-stream which has issued from an opening in the S.
crater may be traced as far as the (8/4 M.) Homgrdben, where it
reaches the Kleine Kyll and rises in perpendicular lava-cliffs 100 ft.
in height. The comprehensive view extends as far as the Hunsrfick
on the S. — By following the Horngraben from the Mosenberg we
may reach the (1 hr.) Kyllburg road near the Neumiihle (see below).
On the platean, i M. to the W. of the Mosenberg, lies the village of
Bettenfeld (atadtfeld, clean), whenoe a road lead« to (4Vt M.; footpath
shorter) Eisenschmitt (see below) and another (partly footpath; marked in
blue) to (s/4 hr.) the Sdkntal, and so to (s/4 hr.) Oherkail (p. 318).
About IV2 M. to the N. of the Mosenberg lies the Meerftlder Maar
(1095 ft. \ 00 acres in extent, 56 ft. deep), one of the largest craters of the
Eifel . but containing no water except on one side. On the W. bank is
the village of Meerfeld.
From Mandeksoheid to KTLLBuitG, 15 M. [Walkers sbould
follow the path vi& the Mosenberg and Bettenfeld, which is in-
dicated by blae marks and from Bettenfeld on leads through wood.]
The road soon descends into the valley of the KUine Kyll, crosses
the river, aind passes the (21/4 M.) Neumuhle, where the above-
mentioned path from the Mosenberg joins the road. Just beyond
this point the Fi$ehbaoh flows into the Kyll. The scenery of the
valley here is picturesque and imposing. The road then winds np
the left bank of the Fischbach, and after II/4 M. divides, the left
branch leading to Wittlich (p. 198), the right to XyUburg. The
latter leads through wood to (31/2 M.) —
7 M. Eisensohmitt (^Wagner-^ung, very fair; AfuZ^er, at both
R. & B. 2 Ur), on the Salm, — In the valley of the Salm, l^ M.
EMS. 27,BmiJLt. 213
to the S. , on the road to Wittlich, is the cloth-factory of I^ehd-
hUtte (Inn, with garden, pens. 4-5 Jf), Ahont i^l^lili-* farther down
are the extensiye ruins of the Benedictine ahhey of Himimerody
founded in 1139 hy St. Bernard of Glairraux ; the Gothic cloisters
are the chief remains (Inn).
From Eisenschmitt to Kyllburg (diligence daily in 2 hrs.),
7 Vs ^ ^^ ascend in windings, which pedestrians may avoid (steep
path in 20 min.), to 8ehwarwenbofn (Timpen). Farther on we pass
Oherkail (Jahusch), with the scanty ruins of an old castle, a church
erected in 1787, and fragments of a Roman wall, which once
extended from tiiis vicinity to Bithnrg. We reach Kyllburg by the
bridge over the Kyll (see p. 206).
27. From Coblens to Wetzlar.
Smf and the Yall^ of the Lahn.
64 M. Railway by IHederlahnstein to (lOVz V •) ^nu in VHA iir. (fares
1 Ur 40, i uriO, 70 pf.), to WeMar in 2i/r3»/2 hr8.(8ur40, 6^190, 4ur
20 pf.; expreaa 9 Ulf 40 pf., 7 Ulf, 4 Ulf 90 pt). ITastau, SehaunOturff, Urn-
burffi WeUbwrg^ and Wittlar are the most picturesque points.
CoblenMj see p. 106. The train crosses the Rhine by the bridge
mentioned at p. Ill, and passes through a cutting on the landward
side of Horchheim (comp. p. 113)
3 M. Viederlahaitein (p. 113 ; Railway Bestavrani), the junction
of the railways f^om Ehrenbreitstein and to Wiesbaden (p. 141).
Travellers for these lines change carriages.
The train now skirts the Allerheiligen-Berg (p. 114), crosses the
Lahn f and ascends on the left bank, where the line from Ober-
lahnstein (p. 114) is joined. Several iron-works are observed. The
river is provided with numerous locks to facilitate the navigation
of the barges which convey to the Rhine the ores yielded by this
district. — 6 M. FrUdriehsacgeny the station for the lead and silver
mines of the same name, which lie about 1 V2 ^* ^ the £. — 8^2 ^*
Nievem, with the large Nievemer HQtte,
10^/2 M. Emi. -^ Hotel* (the large ones generally open in summer
only \ hotel-omnibuses at the station). On the right bank of the Lahn :
*HOTSL D^AvoLBTBBRB, at the lower end of the promenade, with large
Srden, B. 2'/s-13, B. ii/s, D. SVs, pens, from 8 Jf; *Botal Kushaus, with
i d^pendance CommUsariaU'Oeb&udey B. 2V2-lfi) B. 11/4* B. 8>/t, pens, from
ly^Jf; •H6tel dsb Quatre-Saisons jet dk l'Edbopb (comp. p.21(^, R. 2»/2-6,
B. 11/41 D. 8»/2, pens. l^/t-iOJl; •Vier TGbmb, in the grounds of the Kurhaus,
B. from 31/s, B. IV4, B. 8V2, pens, from 1^/tJf; ^Babmstaotbr Hor, near the
bridge and the Eurhans, B. 2i/s-6, B. IV4, B. S^/x, pens, from SJf; Hotel
DB BOSiiB, near the Waadelbahn, B. 2-6, B. 1, D. 3, pens, from 5 •#. —
Stadt Wiesbaden, opposite the Wandelbahn ; ScBtTSEMHOF, opposite the
Yier T&rmev with its d^pendance Rhenania^ very fair; *LdwB, B. 2-3, B. 1,
B. 2, pens. 5V«-7 Jf; Wbismbs Boss (p. 214), B. 2, B. i, B. ^t/tJf, very fair;
PaoMBSAnB, near the bridge, with caf^ and open-air restanrani. B. 2-3>/f,
B. 1, B, 2, pens. 6-8 Jf, well spoken of; Weilbusoeb Hof, B. lVs-2Vst
B. •/*» 1^» lV4-2, pens. 4Vt-6 Jf; MitROPoue; Goldenes Fass, with wine-
room, opposite toe Korsaal; Bof vqh Holland, B. from 2, B. •/«« P^nP*
214 Route 27. EMS. • From Coblmt
5-8 jf ; Bristol, opposite the Vier Turme, with gardcD, R. 2-0 JK, L. 40 pf.,
B. 1, D. 2V2i pen*. 6-10 *4f. — In the lower part of the tow» : Horn.-
Pens. Sceloss Lanoxnau; Hotkl-Pevs. Soltau, pens. 6-8 Ulf. — In the
village of Ems: Rhkinischbb Hop (good and moderate), and otherd. —
On the left bank (cooler than the right bank): 'RombbBad (iVince of UnaUsj
H6M de Pari* A BSmerbad), with a private spring and bath-hooie (p. 2K^
R. 2V«-16) B. IVi, D. 3Va, pens, from ?»/« Jl; •Hotel Gcttenbebo, with
garden, R. 2V«4v2, B. IV4, D. 3>/2, pens, from 8 Jf; •Villa Bella Riv-a*
with ita d^pendance Villa Petit Elytie^ at the Kaiser-Br^eke, R. 24, B. lV4v
D. 31/31 pens. lys-iOJl; *Sgslos8 Balmobal & Villa Dia^ia, R. from 2yat
B. 11/4, D. 3Vr4, pens, from TVs Ji. — Hotel db Flandbe, opposite the
station, with garden, R. 2-2Vt, B. 1, pens. Q-l Jf; HotEL-PsMsioM Schlobs
JoHAHNiSBEBG, R. 2-3, pens. 5i/s-7 Ulf, well spoken of; HdTftL RotAi»,
B. 2-3, B. 1, D. (1 p-nu) 2, pens. 6-7 Jf ; H6xbl db Fbanob, Jewish. —
There are also numerous Lodoxno Housbs, some of which are very com-
fortably fitted up, especially in the Villa Promenade. The more remote
houses are of course the least expensive. Breakfast is provided at all of
these, but dinner more rarely.
Xeatanrantf and 0«fi6a* EiurhctuMy with table d^h^te, and Kursaal, both
of the first class ; Villa Beriot^ with a garden, on the left bank of the Lahn ;
AlemamUa (also R. A B. from 3 Ul), D. U/t-^ Jff fktfA Ziepert, also con-
fectioner, both near the station ; also at all the hotels. ^ Rottmavn$hdfi£
Op. !^6), prettily situated halfway up the Halberg, with viewi Hohtn—^
Malberg Beitaurant (p. 216) ^ "Sehvoeizerh&uschtn^ on the slope of the Ifal-
berg (p. 216); Lindenbach (p. 216); Silberau^ at the end of the Zonig-
Wilhelms-All^e ; Jung/ernhShe, on the right bank of the Lahn, to ttie W.
above the village. — Beer in the gardens of the Eursaal and in the Eur-
hans^ alao at the Xdive, Weittu Boss, Ooldenss Pass, Stadt Wissbadem (tor all
these, see p. 213), Alemannia (see above), WeiUmrger So/ (p. 218); Villa
St. Oeorge, Lahn Str. 86, with garden, D. lV«-2 Jf.
Oabt. Drive within the precincts of the town, one-horse oa% 70 pf.,
two-horse cab, 1 Jt^ per hr. B or 4Vt Jf; to Kloster Amatein and back,
lOVs or 15 Jf ; to Kemmenau and back V/2 or 11 Jf; to Ober-Lahnstein
TVs or 11, there ,and back 9Vs or 14; to Arenberg and back 10 or 15; to
Kassau and back 6>/2 or 10 Jf. Cabs drawn by mules or poniea are cheaper.
' Wire-Bope Railway to the top of the Malberg, starting near the Eaiser*
Bvtteke, in 8 mfai. (fare 80, down 50 pf., retnmrticket i Jf, subflcription
for a month 5 Jf)\ trains almost half- hourly.
Motor Boat from the lower end of Ems up the Lahn to Nassau, with
numerous stopping-places.
Viaitera^ Tax, after a stay of 7 days, for 1 pers. 18 •#, each addit.
member of the same' fa&ily 9 Jf. Day-tickeL admitting to the Kuisaal
and the afternoon and evening concerts, 50 pf„ or, on special occasions*
1 Ulf. — The charges for baths vary in the different houses from 1 Jf
to 3 Jf. — For drinldng the waters at the royal springs a tioket ('Bnpinen-
karte*; ^ Jf) Ib necessary.
Xnaic T to 8.30 a.m., the hours during which the waters are drunk ;
4 to 5.30 p.m. in the public grounds; and 8 to 9.30 p.m. in the Eursaa). At
the latter symphony-concerts are also given. — Theatre, in the Hdt Mdtro-
pole (p. 213).
Foat and Tel^raph 0£&ca, Romer«Str. 24a, near the Wandelbafan.
Bookaellera. Kirehberger, Unter den Oolonnaden 15, and in the Va^saver
Hof, Rdmer-8tr. (also money-changer); P/sffer, Laha-Str. 33.
English (Hinr^ Service in the English Church (PI. 1), on the left bank,
at 8 a.m., 11 a.m., and 5.30 p.m.
Ems (260 ft.) was known to the Romans, but is mentioned foE
the first time as a warm bath in a document of 1172. It is now
visited annually by about 12,000 patients, while in 1823 the number
was 1200 only. The height of the season is from the middle of July
to Wehlar. EMS. 27. BmiU. 215
to the end of Augiut. The town (6790 inhab.) is prettily situated
on both banks of the Lahn in a narrow valley, enclosed by wooded
and vine - clad rocky heights. It consists of a street of lodging-
houses on the right bank of the river, the original ^Bad Ems',- of a
new quarter on the left bank, named ^Spiess-Ema', with numerous
handsome villas at the base of the Malberg ; and of ^Dorf Ems\ or
the old village, at the lower end of *Bad Ems*. The English Church
(services, see p. 214). is on the left bank. The river is spanned by
four bridges.
The Kursaal, the Kurhaus^ and the Kub-Gabtbn adjoining them
form the great centre of attraction to visitors, the pleasure-grounds
of the latter being generally thronged with a fashionable crowd while
the band plays in the afternoon.
The BoyalKurhaiu (PI. 6), erected at the end of the 18th century,
and frequently enlarged since then, contains the most important
springs and about 60 baths, the best of which are on the first floor.
In the arcades, which were extended in 1854, are the springs used
for drinking: the Kesselbrunnen (llS^Fahr.), in the upper arcade,
and the Krahnchen (95-97®), the Fiiratenbrunnen (102-104**), and
the Kaiaerhrurmen (83** ; the pleasantest to drink) in the lower. The
waters are drunk chiefly between 6 and 8 a.m. — The so-called
Konig-WilHelma-Felaen-QuelUn (viz. Victoria- Quelle, Augusta-
Qaelle, Eisen^ Quelle, and "Wilhelms - Quelle), four springs dis-
covered In 1866-67 in the court of the NaaaauerHafhnd purchased by
government in 1902, are used both internally and externally. The
bath-house in connection with them is joined 'by covered passages
wUb the Hdteldet Quatre^Saiaons et de V Europe. The handsome new
building whi^ has superseded the former Charity Baths, contains
gargling-rooms on the ground-floor and dwelling apartments above.
The bath-house Prince of Walea ^ Romerbad also possesses springs
of its own (112** Pahr.). The chief ingredients of the water, which
is most beneficial In female and pulmonary complaints, are bicarbon-
ate of soda and chloride of sodium.
The Xtlrsaal (PI. 7), situated in the Kur-Garten and erected in
1839, is connected with the Eurhaus by means of a tasteful iron
Colonnade^ in which is a tempting bazaar. The Kursaal contains
several magnificent saloons, a reading-room, a restaurant, and a caf^,
which last , with its numerous tables in the gardens adjoining,
attracts crowds of after-dinner loungers. Music in the evening.
Neiai the pavilion of the band, at the upper end of the Eur-
Gaiien, a mazble slab in the ground indicates the ^ot, where, on
13th July, 1870, Eing William ordered his adjutant Count Lehn-
dorf to give his memorable answer to the importunate French am-
bassador Benedetti. A covered iron bridge (QiUer-Brucke) connects
this bank of the Lahn with the new bath**house (p. 216).
In ^e Shady gtounds at the baok of the Kursaal Is the Wandel-
hiokni or eo^ered promenade for the use of visitors in wet weather.
216 Route 27. EMS. From Coblenz
A marble statue of Emp. WiUiam /., by Otto, was erected here in
1893. On the Lahn, at the lower end of the park, is the hath-^hoase
of the Vier Turme (Four Towers j PI. 12), built at the beginning of
the 18th century. Adjacent is the Roman Catholic Church (PI. 4).
Between the last two buildings the Kaiser-Brueke crosses the Lahn.
On the left bank of the Lahn , near the Gitter-Briicke, is the
Kew Bath House (Neue Badhaus; PI. 8), with baths supplied from
the copious Neue Quelle , or New Spring , which was enclosed in
1850, the wannest (135-137®) of all the waters of Ems. On the
hill above the railway rises the new Romanesque Kaiser^Wilhelm-
Kirehe. — From this point the shady Konig^ WUhdms-AlUe descends
along the bank of the river, passing the Russian Chwch (PI. 5)
and the Kaiser-Briicke (see above), to the Silberau (restaurant, see
p. 214), where the Lahn is crossed by Remys Brucke^ the lowest
of the four bridges of Ems.
The so-called * Villen-Promenade' is more attractive. Beginning
at the New Bath House, it crosses the railway near the station of
the wire- rope railway (see below), then passes the H6tel Bella Biva
and leads through wood to the open-air restaurant of Lindenbach
(above the station of that name) and to the (3/4 hr.) Rottmannshbhe
(hotel-restaurant, see p. 214).
Near the Eaiser-Brucke is the station of the Wire-RopeRailAoay
(p. 214) to the top of the wooded Malberg (1090 ft.). Pedestrians
reach the top in 3/4 hr. by beautiful walks either on this (W.) side
or on the E. side, passing the English Chweh (PI. 1) and the
Sfchweixerhausehen (Pl, 10; p. 2i4); the W. side is in the shade in
the morning, the E. side in the afternoon. At the top are a vieW'-
tower, the Hohen-Malberg Hotel-Retta/wrant (p. 214), and a statne
of Emp. William I. Paths lead thence through wood Uy the forester's
house of Oberlahnstein (rfmts.) and to Frucht (coinp. p. 217).
The nearer peak of the Winterberg (rfmts.), a hill on the left
bank to the E. of the Malbergskopf, V2 ^* ^0°^ l&m9j oommAnds
a fine view of the valley of the Lahn. On the summit is a tower,
built after a design on Trajan's Column, on the foundations of an
old Roman tower which formerly stood here. The Pf ahlgraben (p. 76),
which was provided at intervals vnth similar towers, is still traceable
on the right bank of the Lahn.
On the right bank of the Lahn , immediately above the high-
road , towers the abrupt B&derlei, or ^Sieben Kdpfe\ a Jagged roek
of slate erowned with the Concordia Turm (866 ft. ; rfmts.), a Tiew-
tower. Halfway up is the Mooshutte, a pavilion oommanding an
admirable survey of Ems, below which is a monument to the warriors
of 1870-71. We reach the summit in 8/4.1 hr. by following the
Graben-Strasse, above the Kurhaus, and then ascending by the
stony footpath passing the war-monument and the 3foojWMI«, 01 by
the broad road to the ri^ht farther on. The Bimnarck Fnmenude^
toWeUlar. NASSAU. Map,p.218. — 27. Route, 217
diyerging to the left at the beginning of the latter, leads round the
Pfahlgnben to the (8/4 br.) Bismarck Tower on the Klopp, whence
^we descend to Dorf Ems (fine views).
The Xemmemaner H5he , or ScMne Auttieht (iUD ft.}) 1*A br. to the
v. of Ema, ia one of th|» higheat pointa to the K. of the Lahn, and com"
manda an extenaive and intereating view of the valley of the Rhine, the
Taunaa, and the Elfel Mta.
On the hill between Ema and Braubach are aitnated the Oberlaht^
sUkur Fortthaut^ Va br. from the atatiOB of Hof-Zollgrund (p. 116), and
ibe Tillage of Frfleht, which containa the burial-vault of the famoua
Pruaaian miniater Baron Stein (1757-1831 ; aee below). The epitaph containa
a tribute to the atrong and upright character of the atateaman. Fran Epp-
atein at Frucht keeps the keya of the chapel (gratuity). — A direct road
leada from Ema to Frucht (3 M.); or we may reach it by woodland patba
in s/4 hr. from the Malberg (p. 216). The route viH the Schtoeizer-Tal
to Mietlen and the railway-station of Mevem (1 hr.) is recommended in
returning.
Road to Schwalbach ( Wietbaden) yift Natia%y see p. 145.
Bailwat to Wbtzlab. From (13 M.) Dausenau^ the first station
beyond Ems, a bridge crosses the river to the town of that name
(Nassaner Hof, pens. 4-6 uff), on the right bank, with an ancient
octagonal tower, and still snrronnded by old walls. The church
(restored) dates from the 13th, its vestibnle from the 15th century.
Near Nassau we cross tb^ Lahn.
I5V2 ^* (from Ooblenz) Kassau. — Hotels. MGllbb, at the sta-
tion; Kbovb, R. 11/2-2, B. */!«, pens, from i^kJf; H6tbl Nassau, Bahn>
Str. 2. ~ BsLuvuB. prettily aituated on the left bank of the Lahn, £. iV»-2i/8,
pena. 4-5 Jf. — Union Brewery ^ with garden.
Hydropaikie and Pine^BcUh EstabUshmenty to the W., on the road to
Bma, board and medical advice 51/2, R. i-b Jf per day.
Naesau (290 ft.), a small and ancient town (2237 inhab.), believed
to have existed as eariy as 790 under the name of Nasonga^ is prettily
situated on the right bank of the Lahn (which is here crossed by a
suspension-bridge), and is much frequented by summer-ylsltors.
It was the birthplace of the celebrated Prussian minister Baron
Stein (see above) , the last scion of a noble family that had resided
here since the loth century. The SchlosSj though modernised, dates
from 1621, and now belongs to the Gountess von der Gri^ben. In
ldl5 Stein caused a Gothic tower to be added to commemorate the
war of independence. This was a favourite resort of the illustrious
proprietor, who embellished it with various reminiscences of that
eventful period. Others connected with the war of 1870-71 have
been added. (Admission on Mon., Wed., & Frid., 9-11 & 2-6;
visitors deposit a donation lor a charitable purpose in a box at the
entrance.) The Sehlosa-Park is open to ^e public daily, except
Sundays, 8-12 a.m. and 2-7 p.m.
On the opposite bank of the Lahn rises a wooded eminence
(ascended from the station in 25 min.), crowned by the ruihed
Oa«tle of Hafsaii, erected in 1101 by Dudo IV., Oount of Lauren-
burg (p. 218), whose descendants henceforth assumed the name of
218 Route 27. OBERNHOF. From CobUnt
Nassau ; it has been suffered to fall to deoay sinee the end of the
16th century. Lower down on the same hill are the ruins of Bvg
Stein (72 ^* ^'om the suspension-hridge), the ancestxid seat of the
Barons Stein, the earliest mention of which is in 1158, and which
was inhabited down to the end of the 17th century. The projecting
rook in front of it bears a Monument to Stein j consisting of a
highly characteristic statue in marble, by Pfuhl of Berlin, beneath
a Gothic canopy of red sandstone, 66 ft. in height, inaugurated in
1872. In his right hand the great minister holds a scroll with the
date 11th June, 1807, in allusion to his memorial regarding the
reorganisation of the Prussian state. The terrace affords a survey
of the Talleys of the Lahn and Miihlbach.
The rocks of the Soke Lei, reached from Kassaa in */i hr. (donkey
2V2 Jt)y command a beantirul view, including the monastery of Amstein.
— Other walks may be taken to the pavilion on the jyaaauer Berg (*U hr.) ;
to the pavilion on the Hahnkopf; to the MUMhach-Tal ; and on tne left
bank of the Lahn to Ktotter Amstein (see below).
Beyond Nassau the railway follows the right bank of the Lahn,
and is soon carried through a series of tunnels. Before and beyond
the second a glimpse is obtained on the right of Burg Langenau
(3 M. from Nassau, 1 M. from Obernhof), built in 1244, the ancient
seat of an Austrian family, the Rhenish branch of which became
extinct in 1603. The watch-tower and ettetnal walls are well pre-
served ; within the latter farm-buildings hftve been erected. Beyond
the castle, on the opposite bank, rises the Xloiter Amstein, with ite
church of the 12th cent, (enlarged in 1359, restored in 1886) and
other buildings, picturesquely situated on a wooded eminence. A
castle of very ancient origin which once stood here was converted-
by the last Count of Amstein or Arnoldatein into a^emenstratensian
monastery in 1208 (suppressed in 1803). It is most easily visited
from Obernhof (see below). On leaving the ftatlon we turn to the
right, and after 300 paces we follow the path to the left, indicated
by a flnger-pQst, to (3/4 M.) Amstein (refreshments at the Kloster«-
Miihle), A picturesque path leads hence: to (47^ M.) Naseau, ^ti
Hollrieh and Berg^NoMeau,
Near (iS^/f M.) Obernhof are lead and silver mines. The station
is on the left bank and the village (Kloster Amstein Inn) on the
right bank of the Li^hn (bridge). A fine point of view in the vicinity
(reached in 20 min., by an easy hut shadeless path) is known as
the Ooeihe-Punktj from a visit made to it by iGK)ethe in 1814.
The line now passes through a long tunnel, beyond which the
valley contracts. Then a long curve. High up, on the slope of the
left bank, is situated the ^Alte Hau$\ a solitary fragment of wall
belonging to the old nunnery of Brunnenbutg*.
23 M. Lanjrenbmrg (325 ft.), with silver-smelting works, a
small chateau, and the ruins of the ancestral residence of the Counto
of Nassau, who were originally Counts of Laujcenburg (««ftpi p. 2171
This castle is first mentioned in 1093 and was already a min in 1643*
«^^TiiwIl-t»^ -*'LnLiWt<«ririH],
to Wetzlar. SCHAUMBXJRG. 27. Route. 219
Tbe pieturesqae ^tgpbeuh-Tca deboadiea al La«reabarg. ~ From Laaren-
barg a road leads via the village of (25 min.) Seheid to (20 min.) Qtihtau^
with a mineral spring, in the valley of the Lahn, which here describes
a wide bend.
Beyond the Kramberg Tunnel the train stops at (26 M.) Baldnin-
■teia (355 ft; iVbU); the imposing ruins of the castle of that name on
the right, bnilt in 1319, rise In a narrow ravine behind the village.
A good road (carriages generally at the station in summer) leads
through the village in 8/4 hr. to the castle of Schaumburg ; walkers
ascend the steep footpath in about 25 minutes.
On the right, a little farther on, the loftily-situated castle of
Sehavmbiirg (915 ft.), first mentioned in 1194, overlooks the valley
from a wooded basaltic peak. It was once the seat of the princes of
Anhalt-Sehaumburg, at a later period that of Archduke Stephen of
Austria (d. 1867), and is now the property of the Prince of Waldeck
and Pyrmont. The castle was built before 1194, but the oldest parts
of the present building date from the 18th cent. ; the modem part,
in the Eiiglish-GNythic style, was erected for Archduke Stephen by
the airehiteot Boos of Wiesbaden. Picturesque view from the tower
(adm. 20 pf.). Fine park. At the foot of the castle is a good Inn
•(with pension), with a picturesque garden. — We descend at
first through wood, and then through the village Qi Birlenhach to
(3 M.) Pietz.
2872 M. Faehingen (375 ft. ; Anker) derives importance from
its mineral water, of which a large quantity Is annually exported.
30 M. Diet! (365 ft.; Oranien, at the station, K. 2V2-3V?, pens.
6 JK; Hof von Holland, well spoken of; Victoria^ R. &B. from 2V2>
!>• 1V2» pens, from 4 Ji, very fair; Rail. Restaurant'), with 4300
inhab. and large marble-polishing works, picturesquely situated on
the left bank of the Lahn, is commanded by an old Castte of the
Counts of Dietz and Nassau, now a house of correction. The old
Bridge (altered) across the Lahn is supported by piers erected
on two others belonging to an earlier bridge (destroyed in 1552).
The old Peters^Kirehe^ on a hill on the right bank, was restored in
1846. — Through the valley of the Aar^ which joins the Lahn at
Dietz, runs the Schwalbach and Wiei^Hiden Railway (see p. 144).
On the left bank, 1 M. firom Dietz and connected with it by a
beautiful avenue of limes, is Schlos* Oranienstein, erected in 1676,
now a Prussian military school.
321/2 M. Limbnrg. — Hotels. •Pebdssisch^b Hop, Obere Graben-
Str.; 17A8SA0EB HoF, Neamarkt, with a small garden, R. 2, B. s/4, I>. (12.80)
iVs*^^ very fairj BATKiflCH«B Hof, with garden, B. & B. 2%Jt, very fair;
Alte Post, unpretending, all leas than ViH. from the station. — Beer at
the AU'Deuitche Bier»tubi, Barflisser-Str., and at the AcHenhrawreiy on the
Wiesbaden road.
lAniburg on the Lahn (400 ft.), an old town with 9917 inhab., a
place of some importance in the middle ages, and now the seat of a
Roman Catholic bishop, with many picturesque old houses, is situated
on the Lahny which is crossed here by a bridge constructed in 1315.
220 Bouit^7. — Map,p.2l8, LIMBURG. From C6bUn%
Near the rail, station are a new Piroteatant Church (Oothie) and a
War Monument, — The narrow streets of the old town ascend direct
to the ^Cathedral, with its seven towers, the ^Basilica 8t, Qtorgii
Marty ria trecta 909\ as the inscription above the portal records. It
rises conspicnonsly above the river, from the right bank oi which
the best view of it is obtained. It was founded by Conrad Kiurzbold,
the powerful Salic count of the Niederlahngau, remains of whose
CasiU adjoin the church. The present structure (sacristan opposite
the entrance), a remarkably fine example of the Transition style,
erected in i213-42, was skilfully restored in 1872-78. The ground-
plan shows the ^centralising' tendencies of the Rbeid&h architects of
the period. The interior has galleries, arcading, and richly articulated
surfaces. The mural paintings of the i3th cent, have heen freshened
up. The church contains a font of the 13th cent., and a monument
(also 13th cent.) to the founder (d. 948), with a recumbent figure,
in front of the high-altar. The stained glass is modem. -^ Th^ valu-
able treasury of the cathedral, preserved in the ParUh Chur€^, next
door to the bishop's residence, is shewn on Wed., Il»i2 and. 3-6
(1-5 pers. 3 J(y at other times 6 Jf; apply to the dean).
From Limbuho to Au, 54^/2 M., railway in 31/2 hn. This Une traverees
a fertile but somewhat uninteresting district. — 17 M. Xontahaar (€folden€
Krone), a district-town with 3740 inhab., refonnded by the Archbishop of
Treves in 1217 on the site of an ancient village and named Af<m» Tabor, —
21VsM. Siershahn {956 ft.), the junction of the line to Engers (p. 84). — From
(25V« M.} 8elier$ (840 ft,) a branch-line runs to Hachenburg (see below). —
The train now enters the valley of the Eoltbach. The next stations are
Maritfuxiehdor/j Dierdorf, with a ehilteaa and park of Prince Wied, Rau-
baeh^ with the large paper-mill of Hedwigsthal« Fudert^hy JSe^M^ and
ITeitersen. — W/a M. Altenkirchen CLuyien, B. 2V4-2i/s, X). IVs, pens.
4-41/2 Jf)i <^ii industrial town on the Wiedy with 2244 inhab., near which
the French under General Eleber defeated the Anstrians in 1796. ' It is
the junction of a line to Hadamar and Limburg (see below). — 49 IL
Obererbacb; 51 V« M. BreiUcheid. — 54«/2 M. Au, see p. 67.
FbomLimbubg to Altbnkirchbh, 40V«M., railway in 2Vt hrs. — 7 M.
Hadamar (420 ft. 5 ^ITassauer ffof)^ a pleasant little town (2480 inhab.)
with an old castle. — Several unimportant stations. Above (171/2 M.) Wetter-
bwg, on a conical basaltic bill, rises the ch&teau of Prin^ Leiniiil;en. ^-
23 M. Korb is the station for Marienberg (1590 ft- ; Ferger^ P^ns. 4-6 UK),
a summer-resort, 8V2 M. to the E. (diligence twice daily). — 3IV2 M.
Hachenburg (1245 ft. t *Krme; ITatsauer So/), a town of 1848 inhab., with
a chateau of Prince Sayn, built in the i3th and restored in the 17th cent-
ury. Railway to Sellers, see above. About IV4 M. to the N.W^. of Hachen-
burg is the former Cistercian convent of Marienstatt, founded in 1222 by
Heinrichlll. of Sayn, with an interesting Gothic church. ~ 4(^/2 H. Alien-
kirchen, see above.
From Limburg to WiesbadeUy HQch$L, and Fran^fori^ see B. 29 e.
Fine retrospect of the cathedral as the train leaves Limburg.
The banks of the Lahn become flatter for a short distance. To the
left lies Dietkirchen, with one of the oldest churches in the country,
huilt before 801, on a rocky hill rising abruptly from the river. On
tiie Lahn, lYiM. farther iq?, are the village and old castle of Defcm
(steamboat from Limburg in summer). — 34 M. Eschhoftn. Wl% M*
Kerherbachj junction for Dehrn and Heckholzhausen.
to Wetzlar, WEILBURG. Map, p,21S. — S7. S. 221
3&V2 M. Bnnkel (390 ft. ; Zur Lahnbahn, nnpretendiog but
good), an ancient town with 1100 inhab., situated on both banks of
the Lahn, eommanded by an extensive old eastle of the Princes of
Wied, dating firom about 1159, perched on a rocky height, and now
oeeupied by the local authorities. On the hill opposite lies the Tillage
of Schadeek, with an old eastle (10 min. f^m the station; pretty
view). The vineyards on the steep banks of the Lahn below Runkel
are the la«t in thia region. — Near (8872 M.) Villmar (Basting) are
considerable marble quarries. The Bodenstdn, on the left bank of
the river, bears a sandstone statue, 8 ft high, of Conrad L (911-918),
by L. Gauer. — 43 M. Aumenau (410 ft.), witii ironstone-mines and
slate-quarries. Near (46V2 M.) Furfuri rises the ruined castle of
Qtdventde. After a suooession of tunnels, bridges, and viaducts, the
train reaches —
501/2 M. Weilbnrir (BeuUches Bam, Traube, both very fair ;
Noiiouer Bof, dean, near the station), a small town with 3830 in-
hab., the residence of the Princes of Nassau- Weilburg down to 1816.
Their chlteau, built in the 16th cent, and enlarged in 1721, pictur-
esquely situated on a rocky eminence, is worth visiting (fee). The
StadUUfthe, near the chftteau, built in 1707-11, contains the family
vault of the ducal family.
To the S. is the entr&noc to tke pretty Weiltal, up which a railway
ran« vi& (2Vs H.) FrwUnfOt, (i M.) BsMtrOuMim. (fi^ft M.) Xmtthdmm,
(6Vt M.) WtilmitnUery and (8 M.) Rohnstadt, to (10 MJ Lauhus-Eichbach.
From Preienfels, with a rained castle, a pleasant walk (Shrs.) maybe made,
past the daer-park of Prince Solma, to IhOipptieim^ with the picturesque
ruins of a eastle, and Bravn/els (see below). — About 3 If . to the N.W. of
Weilburg, on a steep basaltic hill, rises the ruin of Mereniberg (.key at the
village-school; 20 pf.).
The wealth of the district consists in the presence of red iron-
stone, yielding 45-50 per cent of pure metal, between the layers of
slate. About 200,000 tons of ore are mined in the "Weilburg district
yearly, in procuring which upwards of 2000 miners are engaged.
52 M. Lohnberg ; 56 M. StoekhafMen. In the neighbourhood are
several iron-mines. — 58 M. Braunfela.
On a hill 2^/t M. to the S. of the station of Braunfels (local railway;
diligence 50 pf., carr. 3 .1) Is the small town (1600 inhab.) of Brannfela
Tftj *8chlosi-Hotel, with a terrace, B. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2Yj, pens. 5-7 »4f;
SehOne Aussicht; B6L Bohme^ well spoken Of; Solnuer Ho/, plain; several
pensions), the residence of the Prince of Solms-Braunfels, wnose extensive
^Sehloss, dating in part from the late-Gothic period, contains interesting
old armour, pictures, and other curiosities (adm. 50 pf). Pleasant grounds ;
fine view fh>m the tower. — Charming walks in the surrounding woods
and longer excursions may be taken.
60 M. Burgaohns, From (61 M.) Albshauten (Deutscher Kaiser)
we may walk in y^ ^^' *© the suppressed Premonrtratenslan abbey
of AUenherg, with its fine early-Gothic church (end of 13th cent.),
641/2 M. Wetslar* — Hotels. Hkbzooliches Haus, in the town,
near the Butter-Markt, R. A B. 2a/4, D. 2 UlT; H6tei. Kaltwasser, Kbssel,
B. 4t B. 2-3>/« Jl, both near the station. — Wine ht*O0tenb<uJiU Bmtavrant,
HaasergaMe; aehOnt Au$*icht, open-air restaurant on the Glesson road.
222 BouU27. WETZLAB.
WeUlar (600 ft.), with 12,280 Inhab., a free imperial town until
1803, is picturesquely situated on the left bank of the Lahn opposite
the mouth of the DiU, 3/4 M. from the station. In consequence of the
devastation of the Palatinate (p. 297) theReidukammer^Oiricht (Im-
perial court of justice) was transferred to Wetzlar in 1693. (The
building with the imperial eagle, opposite the Heisogliehes Hans
(p. 221) was the earliest seat of the court. The buildlrig x>f the
Archiveiy near the Hauser Tor, finished in 1806 contemporaneously
with the abolition of the court, contains the indivisible remainder*
of the state-papers which were (with this exception) disiributeA
among the German states.
The museum of the Wettlar Historiccd Society, Hauseigasse 30,
contains prehistoric remains, old weapons and banners, etc.
The most conspicuous building is the Catkedrctl (at present
under restoration), the oldest part of which (W.)'4ates f^om the
12th century. The choir, which is essentially Gothic, and ^e ,S.
side date from the i3th cent., while the N. side, the flneat part,
was erected mainly in the 14th. When the church was conTOrted
into a Gothic edifice, the two low Romanesque towers (*Heiden-
tiirme*) were left standing within the large towers of red sandstone,
of which one was left unfinished, while the other received Its slate
roof in 1561. The sculptured portUs to the S. and W. of the towers
were added in the 14tb century. In the interior a handsome screeh
separates the nave of the cathedral, used by the Protestants, from
the dioir, used by the Roman Catholics. On the terrace to the N. is
a War Monument.
Goethe resided at Wetzlar for some months in 1772 , when he
was engaged in professional work at the Reichskammergericht^ and
is said to have occupied a house , indicated by a marble tablet, in
the narrow Gewandgasse , near the corn-market. Various events
here and in the environs suggested his 'Sorrows of Werther'.
The original of Wertber was a certain Herr Jerusalem, secretary to the
Brunswick embaisy, who shot himself in a house (with two bow" windows) in
the Schiller-Platz, near the Franciscan church. The Deutsches Haus, or
Lodge of the Teutonic Order (reached by the street to the left of the new
guard-house, opposite the S. transept of the cathedral), was the residence of
Charlotte's father, named Buff, ttie manager of the estates of the Order,
and still contains a room with a few memorials of her. The house is
distinguished by an inscription j key at Buttetmarkt 1. Outside the Wild-
bacher Tor is the 'Goethe Brunnen\ shaded by a venerable lime-tree, a
favourite resort of Goethe, by whom tiie pretty environs of Wetzlar have
been highly extolled. A broad road ascends on the left bank of the Lahn
to (1 Va M.) Qarbenheim, the Wahlheim of Werther, situated on a hill com-
manding a pleasant view of the valley. Most of the old houses in the
^Werther-Plats' in froM of the church were burned down, in 1866. A
monument bere marks a favourite seat of the poet. The traveller may
return by the Bitmarck Tower, commanding a fine view. — On the slope of
the atoppelberg (1815 ft.*, view>tower), 3 M. from Wetslar, lies the pleasant
vUlage of Valpertth^uttn ^ in a house in which (now a school) the ball
described in Werther took place.
About 3/4 M. to the S.W. of Wetzlar rises the ruined caaAle of
KaUmuni^ which is said to be built on Roman foundations. At the
i^-^
8-*-^-
^^T<
i,ii,9 1 a «
L-BEil!SEK.]3?J^Si^™f
-.. "J ?r" 'ra ..I^
^
■ .■Z,oqlii'!i**'ker
FRANKPOHT. ia.IhuU. S23
foot of the hill is the Schutzen-Garten (keys of castle at Wald-
schmidt's, SchUler-Platz ; 10 pf.). ,
From Wetzlar to Cologne or Oksseny see R. 8 ; to LoUar, Catul^
and Berlin, see Baedekefs Northern Germany.
28. Frankfort.
Bftilway Btationi. The Cemtxal Station (PI. B, 4, 5), a large and
handsome Doildlng, with a good restaurant (D. from 13 to 2 p.m. 2 jK)
and baths (1 Jf)^ lies on the W. side of the town. On the B. side of the
town is the OsT-BAHNHor (PI. H^ 8) for trains to Han an, Aschafifenbarg,
and Bararia, which join the Oentral Station trains at Hanan, and also
for trains to Eberbach (Stnttgart). The Saohsbnhausbk Station (PL B, F, 6),
for the ifna to Hanau, Bebra, and Fulda, etc., is stopped at only by slow
trains and a few expresses. The OFrsKBACH Station (PI. F, Q, 5) serves
the local trains to Ofienbach. ^ Paretl Bxpren Co.^ for deliyering luggage
in thetown, at the (Dentral Station. — Official TourM Bureau at tiie Oentral
Station; IntertuUional Skeping Carriag* Co., Kaisar-Str. 1. — The hotels do
not send omnibuses to meet the trains. Gabs and tramways, see p. 224.
Hotela (all those of the first class have lifts and electric lighting, and
are generally heated by hot air). At the Central Station. *HdTBL d^Anolb-
TBSiuB (PI. c: B, 4)f opposite the station, comer of Kaiser-Str., B. 4-12,
B. IVa, D. (1-3 p.m.) from 5, 8. 4, pens. 12-20 Jt; •HStel db Bossib (PI. k ;
B, 5), BahnhofB-Plate 4, B. 3-6, B. iVi, D. 4 JT; *HdTBL Bbistol (PI. t; B,
4, §), with restaurant, caf^, and American bar, B. A B. from 4, D. from
4 JT; *GaANi>-HdTBL Continbntal (PL m; B, 5), B. 2Va-5, B. 11/4, D. 8 JV;
all first class. — 'Gband-Hotel National (PL 1; B, 5), with restaurant;
*DBnT80HB» Kaisbb (PL o; B, 5), B. & B. 31/8-6, D. 21/3 1 pens. 7-10 JT;
♦Savoy Hotbi (PI. h; B, 6), B. 2V«-5, B. IV4, »• 2V« Jf; Hotbl Botal
(PL X; B, 4, &), Kronprinzen*Str. : Obbmania 0^1. q; B, 6), with garden,
B. 21/s^, B. 1, D. 21)^1/2 Jft Park-Hotbl-Gabni, Wiesenhiitten - Platz fH,
B. 2-3>/9 Jf: Victobia, Kaiser-Str., new ; Phinz Hbinbigh, Schamborst-Str.,
B. 3-8, B. i •#; Stadt Feankfdbt (PL r; B. 6), K61.NBB Ho» (PL s; B, 5),
B. 2-3, B, 1 UV, both in the Bahnhofs-Platz ; 'Stuttoabtbb Hof, Kronprinzen-
Str. 69, E. 2-4^ B. 1 UV; BaSblbb Hov (ChrittUchet Hotpit), Tauuus-Str. 85,
E. l^^-4, B. »/4-l, D. I'A -M' — /» the Tbum. *pALA8T-HdTKi. Fdbstbnbop
(PL b; Cj 4), (iallus-Anlage, with restaurant and American bar, B. from S^/z,
B. 1V«, dij. 31/2 Jf; •Hotel ImpAbul (PL 1; C, 3), Opem-Platz, with resteu-
xant, B. fromSVz) incl. bath, dej. 4 Ut. — *Fbankfubteb Hof (PL a; D, 4),
Kaiser-Platz, a large first-class establishment, with restaurant, American
bar, post, telegraph, and railway-offices, R. from 3, B. IV2, d^j. (12-3) in the
restaurant 3Va, D. (1 p.m.) in the dining-room at separate fables 4, 8. (6 10.80)
in the restaurant 4 Jf; * Swan (PL d ; D, 3), at which the peace of 10th May,
1871, was concluded. Steinweg 12, at the Theater-Platz, B. 3-6, B. 11/4, D. 8-4,
pens, from 8 Jf; HdTEL Westminstbb, Theater-Platz, new; ^Pabiseb Hof
(PL e; D, 8). Schiller-Platz 5. — H6tel Dbexel (PL i ; F, 3). Grosse Fried-
berger-Str. 181 commercial; Taitntjs Hotel (PL W; D, 3), Grosse Boeken-
heimep-Str. 8-10, with restaurant; Cbntbal Hotel (PL g; D, 4), Bethmann-
Str. 63, near the Kaiser-Plats, well spoken of, B. 3Vr8>/«i B. 1, J>. SVa Jt;
Hotbl db Bbuxbllbb (PL u; D, 3), Grosse Gallus-Str. 14, B. iVz-B Jf.
^ l^enaiona, all very hkir. Miss White, Escheoheimer-Anlage 82; Mrs.
JS^TMTSon, Westend-Str. 29 ; FetuUm Terminus, HohenroUern-Platz 14 (PL A, 3, 4 ;
4i/s«S Jr; Pmt. I^ktsmaifonale Pfaf, Gallus-Anlage 9 and Taunus-Str. 1
(Fl. C, 4)t rma MitropoU. G8rtner-Weg 24 ; Kapp, Bsehenheimer Landstr. 20
(». F, !; 5-8 Jf)snr»ter, Kettenhof-Weg 86 (PL B, C, 8; 4V2-7»/« UTJ;
OUhnania^ Myli«s-8tr. 2 (PL B, 2; 6-10 -#)i Pens. Mitropole, Bockenheimet-
Landstrasse, corner of Wiesenau (PL B, 2); Westend^ Wiesenau 63 (PL B^
i; 2% 6»8i/» Jf)% Or0nien, Beethoven -fitc 71 (PL A, 2; 7-10 Jf)\ ITesMf,
HnmboldtHBIr. 21 (PL E, 1; for ladies; 4-6 UT); Kehrmann Westend-Str. 84.
224 Boute98.
FRANKFORT.
Practical Notes,
Restaurants. Wine. *Bueroie, Goethe-Sfcr. 29 (Ist floor), D. 2&SJff
^Afalepartus, Grosse Bockenheimer-Str. 80, D. 2V2 Jl; ^JFcUttaff^ Theater-
Platz 7, J>. iy^Jfy good cuisine i RatikeUer (p. !^); Wolf^ Borsen-Platz 1,
J). IV* * IVa -^f Bernhardt Groaser Kornmarkt 10, with ^old- German^
drinking-room on the apper floor. — Continental Bodega, SchiUer-Platz 2
(Spanish and Portuguese wines). — Frankfort Cider: Kilp, Alte Hainser-
gasse 29; Teutonia, Pauls -Plats 11. — Bbbs. TannhUitstr , BUrgerbrdU'
Oarteny 71 and 29 Kaiser-Str , near the station ; *M&nehner ffo/brau, Hans
Alemannia, Schiller-Platz 4, D. !»/« Jfi *KaUergarten, Opern-Platz 2a, with
garden, much frequented in summer; Kaiser ho f, Goethe-Platz 5, D. 1 •# 70 dk
2 «# 70 pf. (Pilsen beer, Vienna cuisine); Taunus, Grosse Bookenheimer-
Str. 6, D. from i^/iJtf Zum Faust, in the Kew Theatre (p. 284); Ldwenhof,
Zeil 54; FUrstenberg, Bihergasse 8 and Bdrsen-Platz, D. from 1 UV 20 pt;
Stadt Ulm, Schafergasse 9; Liheenbrdu (^Braustiihr), Grosse Bockenheimer-
Str. 2; Pilsener Bisrhalle, Borsen-Platz 9; Krokodil. Zeil 45, popular. JnUO'
matic Restaurants in the Zeil, Eaiser-Str., etc. — Palm Garden, p. 235.
Oaf^s. *Cct/d Bauer, Schiller-Str. 2, with mural paintings ; •Bristol, Oafi
Sauptwache, both in the Sehiller-Platz ; Windsor, at the Hot. d'Angleterre;
FtOtrigd: Wolff, at the Hdt. Bristol (p^ 228); Kursaal, in the gardens at the
Friedberger-Tor; Qoldsehmm, Allerheiligen-Str. 83 (Jerairlsh); Kaiser-Ca/i^
Kaiser-Str. 58. — Oonfeetionera. •F. R. BUtsehly, Kaiser-Str. 23; *A. BUtsehly,
Goethe-Platz, with ladies' caflS; Johntr, Goethe-Str. 25; Lehr, Opera-Plats s
H. Kurtz, Stein weg 4 (^Frankfurter Brenten'); De Cfiorgi, liebfrauen-Str. 3
(chocolate); Van Souten's ^Kakaostube', Goethe-Plats 3.
Post and Telegraph Of&oe, in the Zeil (PI. E, 3; p. 226).
Oabs (from 11 p.m. to 6 a.m. double fares).
a. Taxambt£b Gabs (distinguished by the tall white hats of the drivers).
First zone: 1-2 pers. for 800 metres 50 pf., each addit 400 metres 10 pf.;
3-4 pers. for 600 m^res 60 pf., each addit. 800 metres 10 pf. Second zone :
1-2 pers. for 600 metres 50 pf., each addit. 800 metres 10 pf.; 8-4 pers. for
400 metres 50 pf., each addit. 200 metres 10 pf. (the latter charges also
hold good for l-«4 pers. at night). — For every 4 min. waiting 10 pf., for
i hr. IVs UV. — Luggage, 25 pf. for each article over 22 lbs.
b. Obdinart Gabs.
1-2 pers.
3 pers.
Jfvt
UTpf.
-60
— 80
1 —
120
1 —
120
180
2-
-26
-30
4 pers.
JTpf.
Drive in the Ist Zone — 60 — 80 1 —
Drive in the 2nd Zone 1— 120 140
V2 hr. in the town 1— 120 120
1 hr. in the town 180 2— 2 —
Every additional 10 minutes ....... — 26 — 30 — 30
Luggage, 20 pf. for each article over 22 lbs.
Electric Tramways (10 pf., including transfers). The following lines need
alone be mentioned: Central Station (PL B, 4, 5)-Kaiser-8tr.-ZeiI-Zoological
Garden- 0<<--fio^nAo/ (PI. H, 3). — Central Station 'KsiiseT-StT, -Pauls- Flats
(PI. E, 4). — Central iST/aWon - Kaiser-Str. - Schiller-Platz (Pi. D, 3)-Eschen-
heimer-Landstrasse (PI. J), 2, l)-Hainzer-Landstra8se-0pem-PIatz (PL C,3, 2>
Palm Garden (PL A, 1). — Other important tramway-centres are the JSTaup^
Waehe (p. 226), the Konslabler- Wache (i. e. the corner of the Zeil and the
Fabrgasse, PL E, F, 3), and the Opern-Plats (p. 233).
Baths. Warm at the "'Stddtische Sehteimmbad (PL F, 3), Allerheiligen-
Str. TurUsb, etc., at Sachsenhausen, Schaumain-Kai 41. River Baths in
the Main (PL F, G, 4 and C, D, 6).
Theatres. * Opera House (PL 0, 2, 3: p. 233) and ^su> Theatre (PL D, 4;
p. 284). — Residenz'Theater, Keue Zeil 8(^.
Ckmoerts. The Museums-QeseUsehaft gives v22 or^estral concerts in
the Saalbau (p. 233) on Frid. evenings and Sun. afternoovs in winter, and
also ten evening eoncertt of chamber -music — The Kamskopf Husenmt
Wiesenhutten^Str. 18, contains a well -arranged colleetion relating to the
history of music (upwards of 200,000 objects).
^o^?*"*^®"** Exhibitions of Art at the EuMlmm^im (PL D, 8), daily
9.30-6, holidays 10.80-1 (1 JT); Batsgefs Picture Saloon, Katser^Btr. 66;
History, FRANKFORT. 28. Route. 225
Schneider' » KuntUcHon^ Bossmarkt 23; Hertnu & Co., Bossmarkt 15; KatTux-
rinmhof. Kathariuenpforte 6. — Pcmoramtu near the Central Station (PI.
B, 4), rur.
Briti^ OoBiol: F» Oppenheimer^ Consul General, Bockenheimer Land-
sirMse 8; 0. W. Bchwars. Vlce-Consol. — American Oonanl: Biehard
Chtenther. Con^ol General, Eaiser-Str. 49.
Engluh Church Service in the French Churchy Goethe-Platz 7, at 11.15
a.m. and 3.90 p.m. ; Chaplain, Rev. O. W. Maeientiey Eomer-Str. 13. —
Ambbxcan Chuboh Ssbvics, Sun. at 11 a.m. in the Hdtel Imperial, Opern^Platz.
Chief Attnuttieiui (one day). In the morning the Bossmarkt and Goethe-
Platz and the monuments there, Goethe's Bouse (p. 227), the Romer (p. 1^),
(Cathedral (p. 229), the old bridge over the Main, and the Stadel Institution
(p. 236)-, afternoon. Palm Garden (p. 236)', evening, Opera House (p. 238).
Frankfort on the Main (300 ft.l with 334,981 Inhab. (Including
32,000 Jews and a garrison of 2200 soldiers), formerly a free town
of the Empire, lies in a spacious plain bounded by mountains, on
the right bank of the navigable Afain. On the left bank of the river
lies Sachsenhausen^ a suburb connected with Frankfort by live stone
bridges, and by an iron suspension-bridge. From a commercial and
still more from a financial point of view, Frankfort is one of the most
important cities in Germany. The old part of the town contains
many houses of the 15-18th cent, as well as public buildings. The
town Is surrounded by *Anlaffen\ or public grounds, laid out on the
site of the fo^fjlflcations removed In 1806-12. Between these and the
suburbs of Bomheim on the N.E. and Bockenheim on the N.W., the
country is gradually being covered with streets. The most fashion-
able quarter is tiie West End, between the Taunus Promenades, the
Bockenheim High Road , and the West-End-Platz. The industrial
Interests are mainly concentrated in the S.W. part The air of
wealth and importance which pervades the city affords an indication
of the success and extent of its commercial relations.
Frankfort is first mentioned in 793 as the seat of the royal residence
('Pfal*') of ^Franconofurd' (ford of the Franks), and in 794 Charlenuigne
held a convocation of bishops and dignitaries of the empire here. Auer
the erection of a new palace by Louis the Pious in BXa the town soon
reaehed such a high dejpee of prosperity that at the time of the death
of Louis the German (87o) it was already looked upon as the capital of
the East Frankish Empire. In 1333 Frankfort had become prakstically in-
dependent of the royal power, and in the 16th cent, it was officially
recognized as a *free imperial town\ One of the most important of the
privileges which it received was the confirmation of the Easter Fair in
1330; the Autumn Fair had been sanctioned by Frederick II. as early as
1240. To these fairs the town owed the importance it enjoyed during the
16tb and 17th cent, as a centre of domestic and foreign trade. It was also
the headquarters of the German book-trade down to the end of the 18th
century. From the time of Frederick Barbarossa (1152) onwards most of
the (jherman sovereigns were chosen at Frankfort, and in 1356 It was re-
cognised by the Golden BuU of Charles IV. (p. 280) as the permanent seat
of the elections. On the dissolution of the Empire in 1806, Frankfort was
made over to Karl von Dalberg, Primate of the Rhenish Confederation
(previously Archbishop of Mayence), and in 1810 it became the capital of
the gtaad-duahy of Frankfort, which included Aschaffenburg^Hanau, Fulda,
and Wetalar. From 1816 to 1866 it was one of the four free cities of the
German Confederation and the seat of the Diet, and in 1866 it passed to
Prussia. The formerly Hessian town of Bockenheim was incorporated
with Fraikkfort ia 1895.
Babdekbr's Rhine. 16th Edit. 15
226 Route 28. FRANKFORT. a. KaUer-Strasse.
a. Kaiser-StraBse and Zeil.
The Central Bailway Station (PL B, 4, 5), a large and hand-
some building by Eggert and Frantz (1883-88), is one of the finest
and most convenient stations on the Continent. It is richly adorned
with allegorical sculptures (Genius of Steam, Electricity, Agriculture,
Industry, etc.) and cost about 1,650,000^. Its erection has com-
pletely changed the appearance of the S.W. part of the town. The
principal approach to the inner town from this side is the imposing
Kaiseb-Stbassb (pi. B, 0, D, 4). At the point where this street
crosses the Gallus Promenade (PI. 0, 4) are a Gock Tower and (to
the right) the New Theatre (p. 234). The street then leads via the
Kaiser-Platz, with its tasteful fountain, to the Rossmabkt (PI. D, 3),
in the W^. half of which rises the Monument of Gutenberg, erected in
1858, a fine group on a large sandstone pedestal, designed by Ed. von
der Launitz. The central figure with the types in the left hand is
Gutenberg, on his right Fust, on his left Sohoffer (comp. p. 163).
On the frieze are portrait-heads of fourteen celebrated printers,
with Gaxton among them. In the four niches beneath are the arms
of the four towns where printing was first practised ; Mayence, Frank-
fort, Venice, and Strassburg. Round the base are figures represent-
ing Theology, Poetry, Natural Science, and Industry.^
The Gobthb-Platz (PI. D, 3), which adjoins the Rossmarkt on
the N., is embellished with Schwanthaler's Monument of Qoethe,
erected in 1844, twelve years after the poet*8 death. The reliefs on
the pedestal in front are allegorical; on the sides are figures from
Goethe's poems. — On the left is the French Reformed Church of 1792
(French service on Sun. at 9.30; English services, see p. 225).
Adjoining the Rossmarkt on the N.E. side is the Schillbb-
Platz (PI. D, 3), with the old Hauptwache, built as a guard -house
in 1729 and now a caf^ (p. 224), and a Statue of Schiller in bronze,
from a model by Dielmann (1863). To the S. rises the Kaiharinen-
Kirche (PI. D, E, 3), built in 1680, with numerous old tombs (one
of 1378) and modem stained-glass windows (verger, Katharinen-
Pforte 11). The neighbouring Liehfrauen-Kirche (PI. E, 3; R.C.),
a late- Gothic church of the 15th cent., also contains interesting
tombstones (one, in the left aisle, of 1322),
We now enter the Zeil (PL E, F, 3), a broad and handsome
street, the busiest in Frankfort, consisting chiefly of attractive shops.
To the left is the handsome General Post Office (PL E, 3), built
by Ahrens and Prinzhausen in 1892-94 and adorned with groups in
copper by Hausmann. The monument to Emp. William I. in the
court, with a colossal bust, is by Kriiger (1895). The old Palace of
Prince Thum ar^d Taxis, built In 1731, which contained the assembly-
hall of the German Diet (Bundestag) down to 1866, now also belongs
to the post-office (entr., Grosse Eschenheimer-Str. 26).
In the Nbub Zbil, to the left, are the Police Beadquartera
h. (Hd Town. FRANKFORT. 28, BouU. 227
(PI. F, 3), beyond wMch are the Law Courts (PL F, 2, 3), a German
Renaissance stmctore by Endell (1884-89). — Friedberg Promenade
and Zoological Garden, see p. 236.
b. Tlie Old Town. Streets on the Bight Bank of the Hain.
The picturesque network of streets in the Old Town affords a
good idea of the original Frankfort, though some of them have now
been cleared away to make room for new thoroughfares.
At Grosse Hirschgraben 23 is the *Goethe House (PI. D, 4), where
the poet was born (28th August, 1749) and spent his boyhood (open
on week-days 8-1 & 3-6, on Sun. and holidays 10-1 ; adm. 1 Jf),
The house was purchased by the ^Deutsche Hochatiff in 1863, and
has been restored to the condition in which it was after the altera-
tions made in 1755 (see 'Dichtung und Wahrheit').
The Gbound Floor contains the dining-room and kitchen. The former
was also the room of Catharina EUtabeth OoeOu (i781-180S), Goethe's
mother. — On the staircase are the ^Soman Views' mentioned in ^Dichtung
nnd Wahrheit\
Fu(ST Floos. The three rooms towards the street were those occupied
by Lieut. Thorenc in i759. The *Karl August Room' 0*) was occupied for
several days in i779 by the Duke Charles Augustus of Weimar, when
visiting Goethe's parents. — Towards the court is the music-room.
Second Floob. The middle front-room contains the picture-gallery of the
poet's father, Councillor Johann Ccupar Ooethe (1710-82), arranged as it was in
1765. To the left is his study, from the comer-window of which he could
watch the goings-out and comings-in of his son. To the right is the bedroom
of the poet's parents, and beyond is the room in which their illustrious son
Wol/ganff was bom. — At the back is the room of Goethe's sister Cornelia
(17fi0.77).
TmBD Floob. The middle front-room was the young Goethe's study,
where he created Gdtz, Glayigo, Werther, and the beginning of Faust. In
the adjoining room to the left is his puppet-theatre.
The archway in the conrt leads to the Gtoethe Kuaeum, containing
reminiscences of the poet's boyhood and also of his later relations with
his native town. On the walls are portraits of Goethe, his family, and
others. -^ The rooms above the museum contain the Goeihs Hbrcay of the
Deutsche Hochstifk (see above), a specialized collection of the classical
period of German literature, with Goethe as its centre l20,000 vols.).
The Museum of Ethnology^ Mfinzgasse 1 (PI. D, 4; open free
Sun. & Wed. 10-4; on other days 9-1 & 3-6, in winter 10-1 & 3-6,
50 pf.), contains ethnographical collections; models, and illustrations
from Africa, Asia, America, and the islands of the Paoiflc. In the
Pauls- Platz (PI. E, 4) is the Church of St Paul (beU to the right),
a rotunda built in 1833, where the German parliament of 1848-49
held its meetings. In front of it is the Union Monument^ by Kauf-
mann and Bessemer (1903), 'dedicated to the champions of German
union in the years of preparation, 1815-63\ On the S. side of the
square are additions to the Romer.
The BOmbbbbbq (PI. E,4), or market-place in front of the Romer,
which down to the end oJtlast century no Jew was permitted to enter
(comp» p. 232), is the centre of the Old Town and was the scene of
those public rejoicings after the election of an emperor which Goethe
16*
228 RouU 28. FRANKFORT. 6. Old Tovfn:
60 graphically describes in bis aatobiograpby. The Justiiia Fountain
in the centre, erected in 1543, and adorned wi<^ a ^tone flgore of
Justice in 1611, was completely renewed in 1887 and famished witii
a flgnre in bronze. While the coronation banquet was being held in
the Romer this fountain ran for i^s ^^> '^th red and white wine.
The ^Bomer (PI. E, 4) is the name now applied to the Town
Hallf which consists of a group of twelve separate old houses and
various large new buildings between the RSmerberg, the Romergasse,
the Buchgasse, and the Barfvissergasse (open daily 8-7, on Sun. and
holidays 8-1, in winter 9-6 and 9-1, 50 pf.; Mon. & Wed. 10-1,
free). Three of the houses in the Romerberg were supplied in
1896-98 with new late-Gothic facades, with lofty gables, from the
plans of M. Meckel. These are the so-called Alt^Limpurg, at the
comer of the Llmpurgergasse, the seat in the 17th cent, of the in-
fluential patrician guild of tbat name; the Haus %um Bomtr^ prop-
erly so-called, fitted up In 1405, along with the *Goldener l^chwan'
behind it, as a town-hall, with large halls on the groundfloor; and
the Hau8 Loewenstein. The Haua FrauenaUin (r.), formerly the head-
quarters of another patrician society, has a painted fagade in the
taste of the 18th century. The SahhauSj at the comer of the Wedel-
gasse, has its end-fagade in carved wood. The Haus Wanehathf
Wedelgasse 3, is a characteristic timber structure of the 16th cent.,
with a small and picturesque court; it was restored in 1888-90. The
facade of the Ooldener Schwan^ Pauls-Platz 1-3, dates from 1731.
Beyond the court, in the Llmpurgergasse, is the Haus SiUferherg,
restored in 1898. -— The new buildings (1900-1903) were designed
by Von Hoven and Neher. The *'8udbau\ extending on the W. to the
Buchgasse, with its lofty tower, is in the German Renaissance
style; the smaller ^l^ordbau\ which is connected with it by a bridge
over the Bethmann-Str., Is in the baroque style.
ISTEEiOR. The fine vaulting of the gateway in the Haus Silberberg
and the winding staircase in the court of the Alt Limpurg (1607) deserve
attention. — From the front hall the handsome Kaiter-Treppe (17^) ascends
to the left to the —
*Kai«er8aal (adm. 8e6 above), where the new emperor dined with the
electors and showed himself from the balcony to the people assembled on
the Eomerberg. The hall, which is covered with tunnel-vaulting in wood,
was completed in 1411, repeatedly restored, and thoroughly renewed in
1838-63. .It is embellished with Portraits of ihe Emperors, by Veit^ BewU-
mann, testing^ Rethsly Steinle, and other artists. Among the finest are
Charlemagne (768-814) by Ph. Veit (W. wall), and Frederick I. Barbarossa
(1152-1190), by Lessing, a figure full of majesty and repose. Above the
portrait of Charlemagne is the Judgment of Solomon by Steinle (1844). The
marble statue of Emp. William I. (d. 1888) is by Kaupert (1891). — We
next enter the —
Wahlsimmer (election-room), renu^delled in 1731-82, where the electors
met to deliberate on the choice of an emperof.
The new building, entered from the front hall, contains the Ratskeller
(p. 224); above this and adjoining the Wahlzimmer is the Biiryertaal,
approached by the Festirqtpe, or grand staircase.
The S. side of the Romerberg is bounded by the Nieolai-Eirehe
'PI. E, 4), an elegant church of the 13th cent., with one aisle only
Caihedral. FRANKFORT. ^. Route. 229
(K.), and a" iriaiBSlVe tower adjoining tjie choir. It was altered in the
late^Oothic style in 1450 and restored in 1842*45. Altar-piece, a
Resurrection by Bethel.
A Utile to the S. of the Romerberg is the old Fahr-Tor, to the
left of which, at the comer of the quay, rises the Rententurm, a
reltc of the old fortiflcations erected in 1455. A^acent ia the Saal-
hof (PI. E, 4), probably occupying the site of an imperial palace of
that name (^aula regla'), which was built by Charlemagne. The
palace was rebuilt in 1717 and 1842; the only old part is the
Romanesque chapeL
On the Main, a little lower down, is the Roman Catholic
Ghurdi of 8t. Leonhard (PI. E, 4), begun in 1219, probably on the
site of the royal grange, with a late-Gothic choir built in 1434,
the whole completed in 1507, and restored in 1808 and 1882.
The two Romanesque towers of the choir belonged to the original
structure. On that to the N. is seen the imperial eagle, said to have
been bestowed by Lewis the BaTarian on the abbey for services ren-
dered to him in defiance of the papal ban.
Ihtbriob (entr. in the H. aisle). The *Salvator-ChorIein\ or chapel to
the left of the choir (1503), is notable for its vaulting with the detached
ribs. The two Romanesque portals in the left aisle formed the entrances
to the church before its extension. Over that to the £. is an old relief.
Ancient mural paintings, including a Last Judgment (restored) above the
triumphal arch. The Madonna to the right of the choir is by Stdnle.
At the entrance to the side-chapel, is a Last Supper by Holbtin the Elder
(predella of ttie altar-piece mentioned at p. 231).
On the Untermain Quay (No. 15) is the Rothschild Library , open
11-1 and 4-8, Sun. 10-1.
The street called the Markt (PI. E, 4) leads horn the Ro-
merberg towards the E. to the cathedral. At the corner, on the
right, is the house Zutm Orossen Enget^ of 1562. To the left, Markt
No. 44, the Steincme Haus, a castle-like Gothic building (1464),
with round-arch frieze and comer-turrets, a statue of the Virgin,
and a fine vaulted gate. A side-street to the left leads to the Num-
berger Hof, a timber-built house with a Gothic passage, and rich
cross-Taulting. — In the narrow court of Markt No. 30, are two carved
friezes representing the F^l and the Prodigal Son (16th cent.).
Nearly opposite is the TSiohgaden^ where the guild of butchers offered
a dfaught of honour to the emperor when proceeding after his
coronation from the cathedral to the Romer. Farther on, Markt No. 5,
is the Ooldene Wage^ first mentioned in 1323, rebuilt in 1450, and
restored in 1899, with a rich facade and a fine stucco ceiling on the
upper fleor (for adm. apply at the old furniture shop). Opposite is
the H4u$ zum Rtbstock, with a picturesque court
The *Cathedral {^St. Bartholomew; Rom. Oath. ; PI. E, 4), origin-
ally founded by Lewis the German about 870 and reconsecrated
in 1239, Is the oldest church in the city. The short Gothic nave and
aUles date from 1236-39, the 6hoir was rebuilt in 1315-38, and the
unusually long transept was erected in 1346-63. The cloisters were
230 RouU 2S. FRANKFORT. b. Old Tou>n:
added in 1348-1477; the W. tower, begun in 1414-15, was left
unfinished. The Wahlkapelle dates from 1355, having apparently
been erected in connection with the Golden Bull (p. 225) ; the late-
Gothic Scheidkapelle in the S. aisle, from 1487. The church was
seriously injured by a fire in August, 1867, but was restored In
1869-81 by the architect Denzinger, On that occasion the Tault of
the nave was raised and the cloisters and tower were completed.
The crowning of the tower with an octagonal cupola surmounted
by a spire is from the designs of the architect Han$ vcn Ingelheim
(1483), which had been discoYered in the municipal ardiives.
Iiittzior, Visitors ring for the yerger at the N. portal (best time,
about 10-11 a.m., closed 11.90-2; good light neccssarv). — In the N. transept
are the Tombs of Johann von Holzbausen (d. 1^^ and Rudolph yon
Sachsenhausen (d. 1370). — The chapel adjoining the choir on the left
contains a terracotta group of the Death of Mary, presented in 1480. The
beautiful five-light window was executed by Dixon, after an ancient design
from Cologne. — In the chapel to the right is a Resurrection, converted
into an altar in 1865. Adjacent are a canopy (modem figure of the Viigin)
and a fine terracotta ciborium (15th cent.). — By the S. portal is Uie tomb
of Andreas Hirde (1518), with a relief of the Hocking of Christ. — The
frescoes in the transept , by Steinle and Linnemanni represent events from
the history of the town : the Council of Frankfort (794) \ Reconciliation of
Othol. and his brother Duke Henry (941) } Conrad III. and St. Bernard of
Clairvaux (1147); Burial of Gllnther von Schwarzburg (1349); Capistrano
preaching repentance (1434) ; Albert Achilles of Brandenburg carried into
the meeting of the electors (1486); Coronation of Maximilian II. (1562);
and the Imperial procession to the Rdmer. — The coronation of the em-
perors used to be solemnised by the Elector of Mayence beneath the cross-
ing, originally before the altar that stood here until 1711. The rite of the
'raising to the altar' which took place immediately after the election, was
celebrated at the high-altar.
The Choib is generally closed. The choir-stalls date from 1354. Above
them are ancient frescoes, representing the life of St. Bartholomew, dating
from 1407. The tabernacle to the left dates from the early 15th eentury.
To the right is a Descent from the Cross by Van Dyck. Beside the hi^
altar, to the right of the entrance to the Wahlkapelle (election chapel),
stands the beautiful monument of the German king, CHkiUher von Schtwarthw^^
who died in 1349 at Frankfort, where he had taken refuge from his oppo-
nent Charles IV. The armorial bearings around it belong to the families
who erected the monument The original inscription is in old-Ocrman,
the new one in Latin.
The frescoes in the Xavb , by SteMe and Litmtmanny represent the
patrons of the church and other subjects. — The Scheidkapelle (see above),
with stained-glass windows after ancient designs, contains representations
of the Seven Works of Mercy, executed from SteinWe designs. — The Towbb
commands a fine view (open in summer 7-7, in winter 9-4^ adm. 25 pf.,
Wed. A Sat. afternoons free). The chamber at its ba#e is painted as a
vestibule or *Paradise'.
On the outside of the IT. wall of the choir is a large Crucifixion,
executed in tufa in 1509 for the Frankfort patrician Jacob Heller.
The house Dom-Platz No. 4, to the £. of the cathedral, bears a
small relief of Luther, in memory of the tradition that on his journey
to Worms he preached a sermon here.
To the S., Weckmarkt 1, are die HimUipalBecord Ofaoe(iircfcio-
Oeh&ude; PI. E, 4), built in 1874-77 from designs by Derittii^, and
the old Leinwandhaus (or Drapers' Hall), dating from the end of the
14th cent., restored in 1892 and again In 1902. The upper story
HUtor, Museum. FRANKFORT. 28, Route, 231
of the former containa tlie historicftl arehlves, while the lower story
and the entire Leinwandhaus are devoted to the *Munioipal His-
TOBiCAL MusBUM (open free on Sun. and Wed., 10-4; other days,
9-1 & 3-6, 50 pt). Most of the rooms are poorly lighted. Director,
O. ComiU; good 'Guide' (1902) 50 pf.
Boom I. (JSntrance ffaU of the ArchiTe Building). Mnnicipal banners
(16-18th cent), civic uniforms and weapons of Frankfort; instruments of
torture; on the walls, tombs from the old St. Peter's Cemetery (p. 234)
and railings from the old Judengasse, etc. ; stained glass of the 14- loth cent. ;
^Giant's Column" from Heddemheim. — To the left, Room II. Costumes
of eitizens and Frankfort official costumes ; doll's house (1748) t local costumes
from the neighbourhood of Frankfort; peasant's room irom Hesse. —
Boom III. Greek, Italian, and Egyptian antiquities; N. European stone-
ware; objecta from lake-dwellings in Switzerland; objects from tumuli in
the vicinity of Frankfort. — Boom IV. Objects from tumuli in the vicinity
of Bad Nauheim, and Frankish antiquities. — Boom V. Boman antiquities,
mostly from Heddemheim; Mithras-relief; ancient helmets, weapons, orna-
ments, utensils; Boman mosaic (Helios). — Boom YI. Armour and weapons.
— In the Passaob leading to the Leinwandhaus are smaller weapons.
Boom VII. On the ceiling, two large eagles from a canopy used at
coronations; eagle from the fountain on the Bomerberg (p. 225); guild-
banners, guild-signs; state coaches and sleighs, an early type of veloci-
pede, etc. — Chapbl (formerly the Debtors' Prison). Old choir -stalls
(1622); stained glass (13th cent.). — Through the corridor to the right we
reach Boom VIII, which contains ^Paintings by ^arly-German masters
(16-16th cent.), etc. On the main wall td the right are 16 sections of a large
altar-piece (the Passion) painted in the studio of Hant Holbein the Elder in
1601 for the former Dominican church. 2nd Central Section : 320-336. Lower
Rhenish School, Series of paintings (end of the 16th cent,), from the Carmelite
church. 8rd Section: 265. Old copy, by Jobet Harrich of Nuremberg, of
DUrer^s celebrated Assumption, which was painted in 1509 for Jacob Heller,
purchased in 1614 by Elector Maximilian of Bavaria, and destroyed by fire
at Munich in 1674 (the wings are the original productions of Diirer's studio).
4th Section: 273-275. HansBaldung Grien, Baptism of Christ. On the rear-
waU: 303, 809. M. OrHnewald, SS. Cyriao and Lawrence (grisaille); 299.
Franconian /School, Presentation in the Temple (16th cent). In this room
are also chests and cabinets (15-17th cent.), small examples of ecclesiastical art
(12-16th cent.), albums (17-18th cent.), and patents of nobUity (18-19th cent.).
— Through the corridor to the right we reach Boom IX. Portraits of
eitizens of Frankfort (17-18th cent.), ecclesia<;tioal vestments (14- 18th cent.),
etc. — Boom X. Zinc, copper, and brass work (17-1 9th cent.), musical
instruments (16-19th cent.), etc. — We turn back to the Cobridob. The
glass-cases contain articles connected with the Jewish ritual, guild parapher-
nalia, the old standard weights and measures of Frankfort when a free
city, etc. -^ Staibcasx: Old views and plans of Frankfort.
First Floor. The cabinets in the Cosbidor contain masonic insignia,
views of Frankfort, seals, coins, etc. Among the old documents is the ^Golden
Buir (see p. 2^6). — Boom XL Iron-work; German stoneware and fayence;
puild bowls and goblets ; table-service by Wenzel Jamnitter of Nuremberg.
The corner cabinet represents a citizen's room of the 18th century. — We
return through the corridor to Boom xn. 1st Cabinet: French stove in the
*Empire' style ; room from the Neue Krame in the same style; ivory carvings ;
paintings by Frankfort artists (17-19th cent.). 2Dd k 3rd (;ab. : Paintings,
including (beside the first window in Cab. 3) several Madonnas of the Early
Cologne and RhenUh Schools. Here are also watches (lS-19th cent.), snuff-
boxes, and trinkets (i7-19th cent.). — Boom XIII. Glass (15-19th cent.).
Ist Cab. : Views of Frankfort, including a Panorama of Frankfort in 1811,
by Morgenstem (pen-and-ink sketch); miniatures. 2nd Cab.: Boom from
the Eruggasse; in the centre a French pianoforte in the 'Empire' style.
3rd Cab. : Fans ; memorials of Borne, the author (p. 234).
232 Route 28. FRANKFORT. 6. Old Town,
To the S.E. of the cathedral, in the Fahrgasse, is the late-
Gothic Haus zum Fursteneek (No. 17). — From the 8. end of the
Fahrgasse we enjoy a pictnres^ne retrospect of its qnaint old houses,
with their projecting stories (16-1 7th cent.). Hence the Old Bridge
(PI. F, 4), constructed of red sandstone and 870 ft. In length, crosses
the Main. It Is mentioned in a document of 1222, but has been
several times restored. The middle of the bridge is embellished
with a Statue of Charlemagne (1843). Near it is a mediaval iron
cross, with a figure of Christ. The presence of the cock which sur-
mounts it is explained by the tradition that a cock became the
victim of a yow made by the architect to sacrifice to the devil the
first living being that crossed the bridge. — For Sachser^ausenj
see p. 236.
The quay flanked with lofty houses , which extends along the
right bank of the river, is called the Schone Auasieht (PI. F, 4).
A tablet on No. 17 indicates the house in which the philosopher
Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) lived in 1843-59 (the dates on the
tablet are wrong). At the upper end, the Upper Main Bridge^ built
in 1878 by Lauter, crosses the riyer. In front of it are a Bust of Les-
sing^ in marble, by Kaupert, and the —
Town Library (PI. G, 4), buUt by Hess in 1820-25, with a con-
spicuous Corinthian portico, and altered and enlarged in 1891-93 by
Wolff. On the attic stories of the wings are eight statues of pro-
minent citizens of Frankfort; and in the pediment is a fine group
by Sehierholz, Director, Prof, Fr^ Ebrard,
In the Imtbbiob, at the foot of the staircaae, is a marble Statue of
OoetJu, by P. Marches! (1838), besides which there are busts of other
Frankfort celebrities. The ceiling-painting is by F. Kirchbaeh. — The
library contains about 215,000 vols, (open Mon.-Frid. 10-1 & 4-8, Sat. 10-1).
In the Reading Room is an exhibition of valuable HSS., printed works,
bindings, etc. (open free, week-days 10-13, Sun. and holidays 11-1; cata-
logue 10 pf.).
At the back of the Library, Lange-Str. No. 4, is the Hospital of
the Holy Ohost, In the grounds adjoining the Rechnel-Graben (pond ;
PI. G, 3, 4) is a Bust of Schopenhauer (see above), erected In 1895.
From the Rechnel-Graben the Rechneigraben-^Strasse leads to the
W. to the Borne-Platz, in which is a Synagogue^ built in 1881. At
the N.W. corner of the square diverges the Bome-Strasse (PI. F, 3),
formerly the Judengasse, the dingy houses of which have been
removed with the exception of the old House of the Rothschild Family
(No. 26, to the right).
Down to the regime of the Prince Primate (p. 225) in 1806 the Judeq-
gasse, or Jews' Street, was closed every evening, and on Sundays and
holidays throughout the whole day, with lock and key, and no Jew might
venture into any part of the town under a heavy penalty. In spite of
this tyranny many denieens of these squalid purlieus flourished, and among
them the now enormously wealthy Rothschild family.
Farther on is the old Synagogue, erected by Kayser in 1855-60.
The BSrne-Strasse joins the Fahrgasse (see aboye), which leads into
the Zeil (p. 226).
c. N, Part of Inner Totm, FRANKFORT. 28, RouU, 233
c. Horfhem Fart of the Inner Town.
From the S.W. corner of tte Rossmarkt (p. 226) the Grosse
Gallns-Strasse (PI. D, 3, 4) leads to the old Taunua GaU, To the
left is the house (No. 19; memorial tahlet) In which Bismarck lived
when Prnssian ambassador to the Diet in 1852-58. — At the end
of the street we turn to the right into the Nbvb Mainzbb Stbassb,
in whidi, to the left TNo. 49), stands the building of the Polytechnic
Society, containing (on the 1st floor) the *Xnsenm of Art and
Indnitiy (PI. 0, 3), a eolleetlon of considerable value enriched in
1904 by the addition of the W. Metzler Oollection (open 10-1 and
3-6, on Sun. A holidays 10-1 ; adm. 50 pf., free on Sun. & Wed. ;
dosed on Mon.).
MoDBBN Abt. Medals and plaquettes ; wall-panels with landscapes in
inlaid wood, by C. Spindler of Alsace. *Show-Case by Plamet and Selmers-
heim, witM acquisitions from the Paris Exhibition (1800).
Ancient Abt. ^Panelling from the Haus sum Fursteneck (p. 233), dating
from 1615 (ceiling only a plaster cast). — Works in gold, silver, and tin;
antique bronze vessels^ smith's work. Textile Art. — Mediaeval Art.
*Limousin ineised enamels; ivory carvings; *Miniatnres; aquamanile in
the fonn of a eock ; Bhenish gilded bronse diptyeh with the adoration of
the Magi (ca. 1400); embroidered tapestry representing savages; Gothic
choir-statls from Bamme in Oldenburg; German wood-carvings of the
16th century. — Italian Renaisicmee: *Majolica, bronzes, plaquettes, medals,
ehesta, fountain in the style ot DeHderio da Stttiff/tanoy ^Limousin painted
enamels by Nardon and Jean P4n%caud. — Oennan and Dutch Renaissanee,
Furniture (cabinet with intarsia work from Cologne, S. German cabinets,
Dutch carved cabinets), Dutch linen-chest, silyer-mounted ebony drug-chest
from Aagsburg; 'German stoneware, glass, fayence. — 18ih Century. 'Private
altar, from Mayence (ca. 1720), with fine intarsia work and (modern) silver
reliefs; Entombment, a relief in lead by R. Donner; furniture and wood-
carvings (carved cabinet from Li^e, S. German console-table); porcelain
from Dresden, Nymphenburg, and *Hdch8t (p. 241). — Oriental Work.
*AlbarelIo, Damascus, 14th cent. ; Persian and Turkish fayence; Persian
tiles; Spuiish-Manresque fayence, azulejos; Japanese pottery, bronzes,
lacquer-wiirk, and sword-guards; fabrics. — lAnel Collection. Dutch lac-
quered cabinet ; bronze-mounted furniture of the 18th cent. ; Dresden and
Prankenthal po^CeliUn ; •Book-bindings, intarsia reliefs by If. Hahentumpf
of B»er (IT14).
The adjoining huilding on the left contains the School of Art and
Industry and the Library of Art and Industry (open Tues. to Sat.,
10-1 and 6-9, in winter also on Sun., 10-1 ; Librarian, Dr. Stader).
Farther on are the Barik of Trade and Ir^dustry (1.), the Imperial
Banfc(r.), and the Frankfort Barik (1.). — In the Junghof-Str., which
here diverges to the right, are the Saalbau, by H. Bumitz, for con-
certs and balls (Nos. 19, 20), the DeuUche-Vereins-Barik (No. 11),
and the Frankfort Art Union (No. 8; adm., see p. 224). The
Janghof-3tr. ends at the Rossmarkt (p. 226).
Near the old Boekenheimer Tor rises the magnificent *Opera
Hoiife (PL 0) 2, 3), designed by Ltieae (d. 1877), and opened in
1880. It can accommodate 2000 spectators. The sculptures in the
pediment in front are by Kaupert, those at the back by Rumpf, both
of Frankfort. Most of the mural paintings in the interior were exe-
cuted from cartoons by SteinUj the drop-scene, representing the
234 BouteSa. FRANKFOBT. d, Protngnades
Prologne to Faust, is by Beer and Otdtz (after Sieinle) ; and the
proscenium-frieze by 0. Dormer von Biehter, — Opposite the Opera
House, in the Taunus Promenade (see below), is a Monument to
Emp. William /., by Buscher, erected in 1896.
We now return through 'Oie Grosse-Bockenheimer-Str. or the
new and busy OoHkc'-SiTtuse (PI. D, 3) to the Theater-Platz. The
Borsen-Str. leads hence to the left to the New Ezchaage (2Veue
Borse; Pi. D, 3), built by Bumitz and 8ommer In 1879, ivitha
handsome Renaissance hall (business-hours 12-2). The N.E. and
W. galleries contain a Commercial Museum (adm. 50 pf.). — The
modest house at the end of the Bdrsen-Str. (No. 19) is the pro-
Yisional abode of the Academy of Social and Commercial Science
(founded in 1901).
The Schiller-Str., which starts from the Schiller-Platz (p. 226)
and skirts the E. side of the Borsen-Platz, leads to the old Efchen-
heimer Tor (PI. D, 2). The circular ♦Eschenheimer Turm (PI. D,
E, 2), erected in 1400-28, is the finest of the few ancient tower-
gateways of the city now extant. — In the Bleich-Str., a few yards
to the E. of the tower, is the Senckenberg Institution (PI. E, 2 ;
open free on Sun. and Frid., 11-1, and Wed., 2-4; on other days
fee 50-76 pf.), founded in 1763 by Johann Christian Senckenberg,
a physician of Frankfort. It comprises a fine Natural J^istory Col-
lection, a Library, a Botanic Garden, an Anatomical Theatre, and
a Hospital.
Farther along the Bleich-Str. stands the Protestant Church of
St. Peter (Pi. E, 2; 1893-95), built and fitted up in the Renais-
sance style that prevailed In N. Germany at the period of the Refor-
mation. The tower is 255 ft. in height. The interior repays a visit
(50 pf.). — On the terrace behind St. Peter's is a War Monument,
erected to the memory of the natives of Frankfort who fell in 1870-
71, cast in bronze from a model by Eckhardt, — To the S. is the old
St. Peteb's Cemeteby (PI. E, 2) containing the tomb of Goethe's
mother (p. 227) and an ancient group of the Crudflxion.
d. The Promenades and Outer Quarters of the City.
The Pbomenades (p. 225) encircling the old town are embel-
lished witili statues of eminent and patriotic citizens of Frankfort
(names,' see Plan). Among them may be singled out that of Senaior
Ouiollet, creator of the Promenades, in the Taunus Promenade (PI. 0,
3, 4 ; band in summer, 12-1), near the Emperor William Monument
(see above), SLud Ludwig Borne (1786-1837). the author, byKaupert,
in the Bockenhetm Promenade (PI. 0, D, 2).
In the Gallus Promenade(p. 226) rises the New Theatre (PI. D, 4),
built in 1900-2 after designs by H. Seeling, It holds 1200 spec-
tators. The sculptured figures and reliefs on the facades are in-
and OkiUfQuaHefs, FRANKFORT. 25. Btrntt, 235
spired by Goethe's *DichtnnguiidWalirhelt'; the *Dichtung' group on
the main facade and the reliefs on the S. fagade are by yamesi, while
the * Wahrheit' gronp and the reliefs on the N. facade are hy Haut-^
mann. The scnlptnies in the pediment are by JHtfiMeA. The promi-
nent gilded dome, 169 ft high, is surmounted by a copper statue
10 ft. in height, representing Frankfort as Protector of the Arts,
after Herold. Garden and restaurant see p. 224.
In the Bockenheimer Landstrasse (tramways see p. 224), 1 M.
from the old Bockenheimer Tor (p. 233), is situated the *Fahn Garden
(PI. A, 1), ^ pleasant park containing a large palm-house, extensiye
conservatories, a rose-garden, an artificial rocky hill commanding a
view of ^e Taunus, cycling track, lawn tennis courts (skating in
winter), terraces (restaurant), assembly hall, etc. Adm. 1 Jf. Con-
certs, 4-6 & 7.30-10 p.m. — In the Beethoven-Strasse, opposite the
entrance to the Palm Garden, is the Christus- Kirche (PI. A, 2),
built by KaufTmann in 1883. To the W. of it the Hohenzollem-
Platz, with gardens, stretches towards the station. — The Brentano-
Platz (PL B, 2) contains a monument to Clemens Brentano (1778-
1842), the poet.
Outside the Eschenheimer Tor, at Eschersheimer Landstrasse
No. 4, is Dr. HocKi Conseroatorium of Music.
The Eckenhelmer Landstrasse (PL F, 1; electric tramway),
diverging to the N. from the Eschenheim Promenade, leads to the
(1 M.) Cemetery, which is entered by a Doric colonnade with an
imposing gate and contains a number of well-executed monuments.
The Axoadbs on the E. side contain the vaolts of some of the prin-
cipal families of Frankfort. ITear the middle is a relief by PrcuUer. The
last vault to the left (key kept by theeustodian; 60 pf.), b^onging to the
von Betkmann family, contains an admirable Relief by Thorvaidaen to the
memory of a Herr von Bethmann who died at Florence (1812) of an illness
caused by his exertions on the occasion of a fire at Baden near Vienna.
On the N. side rises the Mauioleum of Elector William II. of Ileflse
(d. 1847) by Bessemery containing a crucifix in marble by Zwerffer, and two
marble sarcophagi with lifesize figures of the prince and his wife by
LauniU. Two oUier monuments near it are to the memory of the soldiers
and insurgents who fell in 1848. To the left of the main entrance is the
tomb of the philosopher Schopenhauer (d. 1860).
Immediately to the E. of the new cemetery is the Jewish Burial
Oround, open daily except Saturdays. On the N. side is a large marble
sarcophagus with Hebrew inscriptions, by Launitz^ to the memory of Karl
VM iMh9ehild (d. 1865).
The Hessian Monument (PL F, 2), outside the Friedberger
Tor, was erected by Frederick William II. of Prussia to the Hes-
sians who fell on 2nd Dec, 1792, in the attack on Frankfort, then
occupied by the French under General Custine.
On the opposite side of the Friedberg road is Beihmann's Mu-
seum (PL F, 2 ; open in summer 10-1 and 3-5, on Sun. & holidays
and in winter 11-1; fee 60-76 pf.), a circular building containing
several sculptures, among them Ariadne on the panther (f814), the
masterpiece of Dannecker of Stuttgart (d. 1841).
236 BouU^S. FRANKFORT. e. Saehimhawm:
The Luther-Kirehe (PI. G, 1) was buUt in 1894, after ^laas by
Kaoffmann and Neher.
On the former Pfingstweide, outside the Friedberg Promenade
(tramways see p. 224), is the ZMlogioal Qarden(Pl. H,. 2, 3), with,
its extensive grounds, assembly hall, and terrace. The tower com-
mands a fine view. In the sunk floor of the artificial rain is & salt-
water aquarium (50 pf.). Adm. 1 Jf ; concerts in thb afternoon and
evening. — The SchiiUcnbrunrun in the square to the W. of the
Zoological Gardens commemorates the ^Sehutzenfeste', or national
rifle competitions, held at Frankfort in 1862 and 1887.
e. Sacbsenhausen.
On the left bank of the Main lies the suburb of SachsenhauBeii
(p. 225), said to have been founded by Charlemagne, and assigned
by him as a residence to conquered Saxons. Beside the old bridge
over the Main (p. 232), is the Deutsch-Ordenshaus (PI. F, 5), or
House of the Teutonic Order, erected in 1709. A little to the E.
are the large Cattle Mcurket and Slaughter House, To the right is
the Church of the Magi (PI. E, 4), rebuilt by Denzinger.
Farther down the river, on the handsome Schaumain Quay, is
the *8t&del Art Institute (PI. D, 5), an establishment to which
Frankfort owes its high rank in the artistic world. It was founded
by Joh, Fried, Stddel (d. 1816), a citizen of Frankfort, who be-
queathod his pictures and engravings, his houses, and his fortune
to the town. The School of Art (founded by Phil. Veit), which is
connected with the Institute, consists of a series of studios. The
collections, which are continually being added to, consist of pictures,
engravings, and drawings by eminent masters, and numerous casts.
The handsome gray sandstone building, in the Italian Renaissance
style, now occupied by the collections was erected from the designs
of Oiscar Sommer^ and was opened in 1878. Open daily except Mon. ;
free on Tues., Thurs., Frid., & Sat. lQ-1, Sun. 11-1, & Wed. 11-4,
at other times i JK ; short catalogue 50 pf. ; elaborate catalogue
1st vol. (the old masters) 21/2 ulf, 2nd vol. (later masters) 1 *#,
illustrated edition in one volume 12 Jf,
Chronnd Floor. The octagonal Vbstibclb contains casts from the
tomb of Maximilian I. at Innsbruck. — The rooms to the left of this are
devoted to the Library and the collections of Drawings and Engnmingi;
the latter collection, containing 60,000 specimens, is one of the finest in
Germany (adm. Tues.-Sat. 11-i, and, except Thurs., 6-7). — The rooms
on the right contain OasH of ancient, mediaeval, and Benaissaoce sculp-
tures. In the middle of the room are a few Greek vases and (No. 181) a
Shield of Hercules in bronze, modelled by L. von Schwanthdkr from He-
siod's description. The ante-room to the left contains (No. 90) a Terra-
cotta Altar ascribed to Giorgio AndreoU of Gubbio (1511 \ colouring revived)
and an admirable 'Madonna (in sandstone) by T. BiemensehnHdtr (No. 13Q.
Uppex Floor. Straight in front of the staircase we enter an Antb-Eoom
containing a bust of Stadel, by Ztoerger^ and a few casts. The other rooms
are occupied by the —
Stddel OalUry.
FRANKFORT.
25. RouU, 237
**Fi«tiir« Oallary (the old masters on the left and tbe modern works
on the right). ThU comparatively small bat choice collection is especially
rich ia specimens of the early-Flemish School (16th cent. ; Boom III) and
in Dutch paintings of the 17th centnry, the most important of the latter
hcing BetnbrandVi Blinding of Samson, acquired from the Schdnbom
GaUery in Vienna for the sum of 880,000 Jl in 1905. The gem of the
numerous Xorth Italian works of the 16-16th cent, is the splendidly coloured
masterpiece of JforsMo (No. 45, Boom II). The early-Oerman schools are
scaatily represented. Among the modem works are numerous paintings
of the older Diisseldorf School, and of the so-called ^Nazarenes", of whom
Overbeek at Borne was the chief, and Steinte (d. 1886) the last important
representative. A few examples of other German and foreign masters tire
included also. — The names of the artists appear on the picture-frames.
The Older Sbotion has lately been rearranged. The most im-
portant pictures are classified below according to schools.
EooM IX, a large halllli^ted from' above, and the series of cabinets
adjoining it on the left (X) and right (VIXI-VI) accommodate the Dutch
paintings of the 17th cent., including the recently acquired Rembrandt^
^Blinding of Samson or Triumph of Delila, realistically rendered in the
taste of the period but masterly in comi>osition and execution (dated 1636).
Other works by Rembrandt are: •182. Margaretha van Bilderbeecq (1633),
183. David before Saul (ca. 1683), 181. School of Rembrandt, Parable of the
Labourers in. the Vineyard^ 116. Flemish SeJiool (so-called Brunswick Mono'
grammUt), Bevellers (1550) ;i 127. Rubens, Kin^ David playing the harp;
•131. Comelis de Vos, Child in a small chair (1627) ; A. Brouwer, •147, HiS.
Operation.'^ on ]]«-4f^!it», *148. A bitter potion; D. TeaUrsjhe Younger^ 151,
Cattle, iXt% St- J<?rojDe, i53. Tli* smoker, 156, 156. Bustic taverns (com-
panion pictur»A}i ""l&la. Pli^Rictau's consulting-room, IffTc. i^moretti in the
workshop iyf an iilt^Iieiaist, ir>7i1. BoorS dancinR; •173, •174. Frans Hah,
Portraits Ufi3H)i 184. F. Bot, Pnrtrait (1644); 193. Aert de Oelder, Portrait
of the artin [Umi ; k%. TA. df. K''-'fser, Equestrian portrait ; 197. B. Fabritius,
Portrait nf a y<nitli; 2ii4. f. i I Terburg, Woman drinking wine; Adr.
van Ostadiy 305. Bara (l^Ul/, ^Jb%. Pig-killing (1637); 206. O, Don, Girl
with) a caadle preparing, supper; Jan Steen, •215. Man jesting with a girl,
216 Alchemist about to throw his last thaler and the silver ornaments of
his weM>ing wifb into the crucible; 217. P. Jamstns^ Lady at a writing-
table; 317a. Jdn Vonnter, The a.stronomer; *241. J. van Qogen, Maarlemcr
Hear; 244. 8, van Rvysdaeh The ferry (1661); 243. 8. de Vlieg^r, The
salute; •245. A. van Ruysdael, Biver^landscape; 262. -PA«.jro»»»c*, Land-
238 BouU 28. FRANKFORT. e. Sachaenhausen:
scape ^ 255. Atrt van der Nter^ LandsMpe (1662); A. van Bverdimvtn^ 260.
Storm at sea, 261. Korwegian landscape with a saw^mill; J. van Bu^sdaely
*269. Landscape with trees, 273. Landscape (a late work); 284a. W, van
de Velde th€ Tou»ffer, Sea-piece; 288 .Jan van der Befde, Oh&teaa of Loeners-
loot; 290. 2f. Hobbmta, Edge of a wood; 807. A. Ou^, Gittle; 906. J. G. Om,
Portrait of a boy; SOoa. A. Cuypy Dntch landscape (an early work); 9^.
Philip Womerman^ Oavalier at the door of a tarerm; Adriaen van cfo
rade^ *320. Meadow beside a forest (early work: 1668), 320a. SUs-huift
(1666); 822. Jan WeeMx, Hnnting trophies (1681); 830. /. D. de ITesm, Break-
fast-Uble.
SooH in (comer-room). Earlier Flemish Hasten (15-16th cent.). *97.
Lirk Boufty The Tibnrtlne Sibyl foretelling the birth of OhrUt to the Bmp.
Aagustosi **98. Jen van Eyeh^ ^Madonna of Laoca\ formerly in the pos-
session of the Dnke of Lucca; 99. Petttu CrishUy Madonna and Child
(1157); Roffier van der Weyden^ •100. Virgin with SS. Peter, John the
Baptist, Oosmas. and Damian, probably painted aboat 1450 for the Medici
in Florence, 101. Three sections of an altar-piece of St. John ; *So called
Matter of FUmalle, 108. St. Veronica, 104. Virgin and Child, 102. Trinity
(grisaille; parts of a large altar-piece from Fl^malle), 105. Penitent thief
(fragment of a larger Craciflxion) ; 106. Oerard David^ St. Jerome before
the Cross; *108a. Dirk Boufs^ Virgin and (3hild; llO. Oeretrd David, Annun-
ciation; 107. H. MemUng^ Portrait; 111. Hugo van der Ooesy Small winged
altar; 118. O. Matty t^ Portrait.
Cabinets IV A v. German Masters of the 16th centary. *71. Hctnt
Holbein the Tottnger^ Sir George of Cornwall, holding a carnation; Hant
Bcddung Grien, 73. Witches' Sabbath (1523), 73a. Adoration of the Holy
Child; AJbrecht DOrer^ 88. Job's wife pouring water on hhn to aUeviate
his sufferings (from the Jabach altar), 85. Girl of the Fiirleger family
(injured); Iamu Qretnach the Elder, 87. Cmciaxion, 83. Venus (1532) t
93. Matter of the Death of the Virgin^ Pieti, St. Veronica, Joseph ot
Arimatheea (a triptych; 1521); 95, 98, Bartholom&ut Bruyn the Elder, Por-
traits; Adam ElthHmer, 337. Paul and Barnabas at Lystra (early work),
*338. Education of Bacchus.
BooH XI. Italian Masters. 7. Era Angelica da Fietole^ Madonna enthroned
with angelic musicians; *^i3, Bartolomeo Feneto, Portrait; iitk. Angeh Brontinoy
Portrait; 15. Fiorenzo di Lorenzo, Madonna enthroned, with SS. Christopher
and Sebastian; 16. Perugino^ Madonna; *2). Lombard School, St. Catharine;
22a. Correggio, Madonna of Casalmaggiore; 33, 34. Carlo CrivMi, Annun-
ciation (parts of a lirge altar-piece now at Milan); 36. Vine Catena^
St. Jerome; 38. Viti. Carpaccio, Madonna; 43a. Titian(1), Portrait; 47. Giov.
Beat, Moroni^ Monk; Murelto, 44. Madonna enthroned, with S3. Anthony
and Sebastian, *45. Madonna with the four Latin Church Fathers,
SS. Gregory, Jerome, Ambrose, and Augustine. Also several Florentine
reliefs of the Madonna (15th cent.). — Spanish Masters, ia. Spanith Schcol^
Madonna, from Teruel (ca. 1400); *57. Velazquez, Cardinal Ganpar Borgia
(d. 1615), marked by delicacy of psychological characterization and vigorous
colouring; 58. Velazquez (studio-piece), The Infanta Margarita, daughter
of Philip IV. and consort of Emp. Leopold I.; 69. B^erm, Susannah
at the bath.
Boom I (corner-room) contain? works by Frankfort artists of the 18th
century.
We now traverse the domed ante-room and enter the E. half of
the gallery containing Paintings op thb 19th Cbntuet
Room XXI (Dttsseldorf Boom). Large historical paintings of the Dtissel-
dorf school, and landscapes of the so-called dassicid schooL 458. K. Seklrmer,
Landscape with the Good Samaritan; 437. C. F. Letting, John Hnss at the
Council of Constance, one of the most celebrated works of the Dftsseldorf
school; 453. A. Aehenbach, Storm at sea. — 43S. Letting. Bsselino di^
Romano; 454. Bethel, Daniel ia the lions' den. ~ 404-106. /. A. Eoeh,
Historic laniscapes; 433. /. HObner, Job; 417. /. Beektr^ Shepherd struck
by lightening: 429. Bichter, Italian landscape; 441. Letting. PatHarehal
o»k. — 46a Qtiiaii, Abdioation of Charles V.
Stadel Gallery. FRANKFORT. 25. Route, 239
Book XIV (Boom of the ^Kazareiies'). Frescoea and oil-paintings by
the ^Xazarenes". Front wall: *416. PhUip Veii^ Introduction of the arts
into Germany through Christianity (a fresco from the old buildin<;, trans-
ferred to canvas), one of the most celebrated works of the *Nazarene'
art. — 430. M. von Schwind^ The *Sangerkrieg' at the Wartburg. — 431.
8ehv>indy Dance of elves; 455. Reihel, Emp. Maximilian's guardian angel;
414. i*. W. v6n Schadowy The Wise and Foolish Virgins. — 413. Overbeck^
The Triumph of Religion in the arts; *444b. Hary Magdalen at the Se-
pulchre. — 411. J. D. Passavant, St. Eustace; Stemle, 441c. Fiddler, 444d.
Contemplation; 412. F. P/orr, Count von Hapsburg; 444. Steinle, Tibur-
tioe Sibyl.
In order to Inspect the Modern Paintings in RR. XX-XV, we
now return to Room XXI and pass through the second door in the
right side ^all.
Cab. XX. Mesdaffy Sea-scene. — Cab. XIX. 28. Ohintnuil, Landscape;
462a. Troyotiy Cattle; 24. Decamps^ Bullock-dray. — Cab. XVIII. 27, P. Meyer-
heim, The jealous lioness; 458q. Wtngl^n^ Landscape; 533 Baisch, Cattle;
532. A. lAeTj Potato harvest. — Cab. XVII. 599. Sehffnleber, Architectural
subject; 535. Xagel^ Sheep in snow. — Cab. XVI. 612. Spitzweg, Trout-
stream; no number, WaldmilU&ry Rustic lovers; *'6. BpUxweg, Hermit; 536.
Lenbachy Portrait of Brentano, the artist; ^5. Waiter Firle^ Homing
prayer.
Boom XV. On the wall by the window two bronzes by F. Klimtch, —
2. A. Biiley^ Bank of the Seine ; 458o. Uhde^ Christ at Emmaus. — 458a.
Feuerbach. ^Lucretia^; *3. lAebermcmn^ Court of the orphanage at Amster-
dam; •62(>. Leibl, Peasants; *530. BdekKn, Villa by the sea. — 458m, n, t.
Lenbaeh^ Emp. William I., Bismarek, Moltke.
Betarning to Cab. XX we cross Boom XXI and enter the S. Sbbies op
Gabimbts XII, containing pictures by Frankfort artists of the 17-19th cent-
uries. Cab. 2; lAngelba^y MignoUy Root and other masters of the 17th cent-
ury. — Cab. 3: SeekatZy Pforr^ Badly BehUlZy J. L. E. Aforgetuterny and
others of the 18th century. — In Cab. 4 we begin the 19th century: Karl
2forg*nttemy Dieknann; BumitZy 583. Picnic in the woods near Cronberg,
457b. On the bank of the Nied near Frankfort. — In the fifth cabinet are
several pictures by A. Burgery 525. Family prayer.
Boom XIII. Modem Frankfort painters. Steinhatueny 8. The artist's
wife, 20. Landscape. 523. Peter Beckery Morning in the mountains. —
Han* Thomoy 22. Portrait of himself, 588. Eve, *587. Landscape. — 10. Bdhley
Landscape; 623. 0. Rddersteiny Old woman reading. — U. Tr&bnery Negro
reading a newspaper; 17. K. von PicbUy Portrait. — We return to the first
of the series of cabinets and turn to the left into —
Cab. XI. Water-colours. 632. AUheimy Supper; 636, 637. Beckery Views
of Marburg; 470. p, von CorneHuZy Last Judgment, study for the altar-piece
in the Ludwigs-Eirche in Munich.
We ascend the staircase to the left to the cabinets on the Second
Floob, which were added in 1905.
In the first three cabinets are water-colours by E. von Sieinle (1810-
1886, teacher at the Stadel Institute): Cab. i. *The Beatitudes', sketches
for frescoes at Burg Bheineck; on the entrance-wall, 507. Moses, 5^. The
Good Samaritan, 605. Christ and Hary Magdalen. — Cab. 2. Unculoared
drawings; 566. Design commemorating Antonie Brentano. — Cab. 3. *564.
The Grand Penitentiary; 541. John the Baptist in the wilderness; ^568.
The return of Genevieve; 570, 571. Snow-white and Bose-red; *569. He
Who is lucky wins the bride. — The other three cabinets are used for
temporary exhibitions, especially of engravings.
In the S.W. part of Sachsenhausen we may mention the Hippo-
drome (PI. 0, 6), opened In 1899, the Royal Institute of Experimental
2herapeutics, and the Town Hospital. —In the Hilhiier-Weg(PI. 0, 6)
240 Route 29. TAUNUS.
is the WilUmer-Hduschen, and 1^2 M. to the E., on the Main near
Oberrad (tramway), the Qerhermuhle^ celebrated through Goethe and
Marianne von Willemer (1814).
From Frankfort to Nauheim and Cassely see Btiedeker'i Northern
Germany. The first stations are: (iy^^.)Bockenheimj(6U.)E8cher$'
hdm-Heddemheim, (61/4 M.) Bonames, and (8V2 M.) VilbeL .
A little to the S.W. of Heddemheim, on the road to Praunheim,
is the 80-ealled Heidenfeldy where the remains of a Roman town,
the chief place in the Civitoi Taunensium, with a stone fort of
the time of Domitian, were discovered in 1826. — At VUbel the
remains of a Roman bath have been fonnd in Messrs. Siesmayer's
nnrsery-gardens.
From Fbankfobt to Maybncb (HesnscheLudwigsbahn), 23 V2 M. ,
in 36 min.-lV4 hr. (fares 2 uT 90, 2Jf20, 1 uT 40 pf.; express
3 uT 20, 2 jr 40, 1 jr 60 pf.). — The train starts from the Central
Station (p. 223) and erosses the Main. 2i/^ M. Frankfutt-Niederrad
(near the station of the *Waldbahn' is the racecourse). — \ The line
runs at first through the Frankfort 'Stadtwald', but afterwards affords
a view of the Taunus to the right. 4 M. Qoldstein, junction of the
line from Sachsenhauten ; 7 M. Sthwankeim; 8V2 M. KeUterbach ;
131/2 M; Baunheim; 15V2 M- BusseUheim; 18 M. Bisehofsheim
(p. 261). — 20 Y2 M. Ouatavsburg - Kosiheim. Gustavsburg was
made a fortress by the Swedes in 1633 and is now a manufacturing
suburb of Mayence ; Kostheim lies on the opposite (right) bank of the
Main. The train then crosses, by the bridge mentioned at p. 164,
to the S. Station, and runs thence beneath the citadel to the central
station in Mayence (p. 164).
29. The TannuB.
The name Taunas, in the wider sense , applies to the whole of the
moantainons region between the Main, the Bnine, and the Lahn, bat is
usually restricted to the sonthern moantains of that district, extending
from Nauheim on the E. to Assmannshausen on the W. Behind a narrow
and fertile strip of lower hilly gronnd the motintains rise somewhat rapidly
from the plain of the Rhine and Main, forming an abrupt terminatiun to
the slate mountains of the Rhine. Geologically, the range consists of clay-
slate with grauwacke on the N. The hills are covered with forests. The
highest points are the Great Feldberg (2887 ft.), the LitUe Feldberg (2710 ft.),
and the AUkdnig (2615 ft.). Numerous warm springs rise at the base of
the range, between Wiesbaden and Nauheim.
One and a half or two days suffice for a glimpse at the most inter-
esting spots in this district : Railway to Homburg, where the night is spent,
V2-V4 hour. Next morning, ascent of the Feldberg in 3V4 hrs,, either rii
the Sacdburg or direct ; descent to Kdnigetein 1V« hr. ; thence by Fatkenatein
to Cronberg IV2 hr. -, or by the Ro$$ert to Eppstein in S'/a hrs. Those who
devote a single day to the Feldberg generally start from Gtonberg or Ednig-
stein. — All routes and paths in the Tauniis are marked with oolonrs
which are explained by ^Central Tablets' posted at the crossings and in
the charts (1 Ulf 26 pf.) published by the 'Taunus Club*.
rrsflirl J
/
^iD.gfl^
Tawius. HOCHST. 29. Route. 241
Cyclists may make a pleasant tour by riding from Homburg to (3^/4 M.)
Oberursel, (3 M.) Cronberg, (2V4 M.) Konigstein, (SVa M.) Fischbach, and
(I72 M.) Eppstein. The distance from KonigQtein to Hocbst is about 6V4 M. ;
the portion before Soden (8 M.) takes careful riding.
a. From Prankfort to Kastel (Mayence) and Wiesbaden.
Railway to Kastel (20V« M.) in V2-I ^r. (fares 2 UT 80, 2 UHO, 1 UT 40 pf. ;
ezpref s S UTIO, 2 UT 30, 1 Ulf 60 pf.). — To WUtbadm (26 M.) in "A^ V« ^r.
(fares 3 UT 40, 2 Ulf 60, 1 Ulf 70p^; express 3 UT 80, 2 Ulf 90 pf^ 2 Ul).
The Taunus Railway from Frankfort to Wiesbaden, one of the
oldest in Germany, was opened in 1839. Leaying the town the
train skirts the Main, which flows Into the Rhine between Kostheim
(p. 240) and Kastel ; the river Is occasionally seen. The Nidda is
now crossed.
572 ^* Hochst. — Hotels. SoHMiTT, Humboldt-Str., at the rail-
stolion, E. 2Va, B. »/<, I>. 1 *# 20 pf. ; H6tel Casino, Caslno-8tr. $ Hibsch,
Nassadeb Hof, both in the Hanpt-Strasse. — Wine at the SchOiie Aussicht,
also rooms.
Hoehst am Main (290 ft.), a Boman frontier-^ fortress in the time
of Angnstns (p. 149), now a thiiying town with 16,829 inhab. and
large dye-works, has belonged to Mayeno'e since 1852. The porcelain
factory (1740), which once enjoyed considerable reputation, was
destroyed by the French in 1794. The Rom. Oath. Church of 8t.
Jusiinusy on the lofty right bank of the Main, beyond the Hanpt-
Str., a 9th cent, basilica, many ikimes rebuilt, has a Gothic choir added
in 1443. The Statue of Bismarck (1899) is by Alois Mayer. A palace
of the Electors of Mayence here, built in the 15-1 6th cent., was
destroyed by the Frankforters in 1634, but the handsome tower and
the moat still remain. The building is now used as a municipal
office. Behind it is the Rote Hau9, which in the 18th cent, was
a summer-residence of the Electors.
From Hoehst to KUnigtMn^ see p. 246 ^ to Bodm^ see p. 248; to Eppstein
and Limburf^, see p. 249.
91/2 M. Hattersheim. The white Hofheim Chapel (p. 249) and the
Meisterturm can be seen on the nearer spurs of the Taunus.
At(13V2 M.) Florsheim (Hirsch), a village on the Main, omni-
buses and caniages are in waiting to convey travellers to the
(IV2M.) baths of Weilbach (sulphur-springs). The village of WeU-
hack lies ^4 M. to the N. of the baths. Pleasing view from the
*Kan%eV (pulpit), a hill with four trees, i/aM. above Dif<ien6erp«n,
and 3 M. to the N. of Weilbach.
171/2 M.Hochlieim(405ft.; Schwan, very fair; wine at Pcj/«r's),
a small town with 3800 inhab., celebrated for its wines. The most
esteemed is yielded by thevineyards of the oldi)otnd«cft<zfiei(deanery).
The sparkling *Hock' made at Hochheim (whence the name), is
much prized, and is largely exported to England (comp. p. xxiv).
20 V2 M. Kastel (Anker), a town with 8762 inhab., was strongly
fortified as a tete-de-pont for Mayence. The station is situated close
to^the bridge over the Rhine (comp. Plan of Mayence, p. 154).
Babdbksb's Rhine. 16th Edit. 1 6
242 BQute29.—Mapjp.240, HOMBURG. Taums,
Througli-carriages for the Rheingau are detaclied from the Wiesbaden
train here (R. 20).
The pier of the Matbngb Stsambb lies about 300 yds, from the arriral
Blatform (to the left: p. 154). — Teamwat to the Central Station in
[ayence, see p. 154. Gab to Mayence (preferable for travellers cpntinning
their journey at once by steamer), one-horse 1 J$^ two-horse i^ft Jf (bridge-
toll extra) ^ each box 20 pf.
23 M. Curve the junction for the line from Mayenoe to Wies-
baden (p. 143), is connected by a short branch-line with Biehrich
(p. 136). — 26 M. Wiesbaden, see p. 146.
b. From Frankfort to Hombnrg.
12 M. Railway in 28-43 min. (fares 1 «# 60, 1 «# 20, 80 pf.). Trains start
from the Central Station ; best views on the left.
The Hamburg line coincides with the Oassel line as far as (2 M.)
Frankfurt'Bockenheim (electric tramway), with a picturesque church,
an old watch-tower, numerous factories, and large barracl^s. — Wq
then cross the Nidda, 4^4 M. Bodelheimy junction of the Oronberg
line (p. 245); TVaM. Wei8$kirchen. — 9V4M. Ofcefwr ««Z (Schutzen-
hof, very fair; Bar; Hot. Alemannia), a small but very old town,
is much visited by the Frankforters in summer. (Ascent of the
Feldberg from Oberursel, see p. 247; electric tramway to the
Hohe Mark.)
12 M. Homburg. — Bailway Btationt. 1. Central Station^ IJnteie
Luisen-Str., for the line to Frankfort. — 2. Fr%9ihergtr Bdhnhofy 2 min.
walk farther down, for the lines to Fnedberg and Usingen.
Hotels (all .with electric light; most of the larger ones with garden
and lift, closed in winter). *Botbl du Babo, Eaiser-Friedrich-PrOme»ade ;
•H6tbl Victobia, Lui8en-Str., R. 4Vs-13, B. IVsi d^j. 4, S. at 7 p.m. 6, pens,
from 101/2 *M i *Gband Hotbl, with its d^pendance ViUa Fdntenruhey in the
same street, B. from 37s« B. li/s, d^j. 3V2) pens, from 10 Jff *HdTBL
Augusta, in the same street, B. from SVa, B. IV2, d^j. 4,D. at 1 p.m. 4,
at 7 p.m. 5, S. at 7 p.m. 3, pens, from Qy^Jf) *Bbz.lbyub, Ludwig-Str.,
opposite the Eur-Garten, B. 372-10, B. IV2, d^j. 21/3-8, D. 4-5, pens, from
iO^/iJl; *M&TB0P0LB & MoNOPOLB, Ferdinauds-Platz, near the statiou, B. 3-8,
B. IV2, d^j. 2V2, I>. 4, pens, from BViJl; •Savoy, Kissele£P-Str., B. from 3,
B. IV2, d^. 21/1, D. 4, pens, from 9 Jf; ^Hotbl Mimxbya, Eaiser-
Fricdrich-Promenade, corner of Ludwig-Str., B. 3ya-10, B. li/g, d^. 8, D. 4,
pens, firom 10 Jf; *Adleb, Luisen-Str., open all the year round. All these
are of the first cla<«s. -" Cbntbal, Luisen-Str., opposite tiie Kurhaus;
WiMPfOB, opposite the Eur-Garten^ Hotel d'AHGLBTBBBB , Luisen-Str.,,
near the station. — Second-class (recommended to passing travellers):
Stbassbcbgeb Hof, Thomas-Str., B. 2-2V2; Schutzenhof, Auden-Str. 1;
Saalbau, Untere Lulsen-Str.; Fbankfubtbb Hop, Elisabethen - 6tr. 19;
GoLDBNB B08B, Luisen-Str. 26: Eisenbahn-HStei, at the station, the laai
three quite unpretending. — There are also many private hotels (AMon-
ffausy p^ns. 71/2- 12 Jf ; etc.) and pensions. — The pleasantest /Hm<« Loiging$
are in the Eaiser-Friedrich-Promenade and its cross-streets, the cheapest
are in the upper part of the town. — There are also many Sanatoria,
Oafe-Beataurant at the Kurhau*, — Beer. Gentral . Hotel, D. from
l»/4 «#; Strastburger Bof^ D. U/iJf; Hdtel Windsor; SchUtzenhof; Saalbau.
— Oonfeotionert : Brafu. Luisen-Str. 64, near the Eurhaus; Ldrcher.
Elisabethen-Str. 49.
Hnsic in summer, 7.30-8.30 a.m., by the Springs; at 3.30-6 and 8-10 pjm.
in the Eur-Garten. Adm. for passing travellers 1 *#, Sun. 50 pf. Also a
theatre, concerts, and balls.
Taunus. HOMBURG. Map,p.240.'^29,RouU. 243
YiiitMs' Tax : 1 pers. 90 UT, 2 pens. 80 UT, 3 pen. 88 UT, 4 pera. U UlT,
each addit. pers. 6 Jf ; for thoae atsying not more than a week, 8, 12, 16,
20, 3ur.
Oarria^e with one horae from the atation to the town, 1-2 pera. 70 pf.,
S-4 pera. 1 •#, box 20 pf. ; within the town or to the mineral apringa,
with one horae 60 or 70 pf., with two horaea 1 •# ; per day 18 and 24 Jt»
To Cronberg with one horae 9 or 10, with two horsea 12 •#.
Eleetrle Tramway from the Central Station erery 20 min. to Domholx-
haustn (20 pf.), and to the Saalhurg (i/s hr., 00 pf. \ in winter on San. only),
with hrancVlinea to the Oothic Souse, in the Groaae All^e, and to Kirdorf,
Post Office, Laiaen-Str., opposite the Knrhaua.
English Ohnroh, Christ Churchy Ferdinand a -Str., near the railway-
atation, with 500 aittingt^ Son. aerricea during summer at 8 a.m., 11a.m.,
and 8.80 p.m. Daily MaUna at 8.46 a.m. Chaplain. Bev, G. F. Seatonj U. A. —
Prtsbpterian Berviees in the Schloaakirche at 11.30 a.m. and 7.16 p.m. in
July and Anguat.
Homburg vor der H5he (630 ft.), a town with 13,742 Inhab.
(ind. Kirdorf), situated amid the S.E. spurs of the Taunus Mts.,
was the residence of the Landgraves of Hesse-Homhurg from 1622
to 1866, and is one of the most popular watering-places in the Rhine-
land (over 12,000 Tisltors annually, one-third of whom are English).
The uninteresting old town, with remains of the old town-wall
and three towers , lies 1/2 M. above the rail, station. The visitors'
quarters lie In the new town, between the Knr-Park &nd the Luisbn-
Strassb, which begins at the station and In which is the Kurhaua
with the Theatre (see below). — In the Ferdinands-Strasse, which
diverges to the right from the Luisen-Str. and runs to the Kaisei-
friedrich-Promenade, lies the Engli$h Church,
In the Kaisbb-Fbibdbich-P&ombnabb are marble busts of Emp,
Frederick III. and his Corhsort, by Uphues. Near It is the elegant
BuBsian Chapel, by L. Jacobl (1897).
The XurhauB, the chief rendezvous of visitors, built In 1841-48
by the brothers Blanc, of Monte Carlo, and several times enlarged
since 1860, contains a number of very handsome apartments (shown
tor 26 pf.) and, temporarily, some of the antiquities found on the
Saalburg, etc. ('Saalburg- Museum', comp. p. 245). A terrace on
the N. side, partly covered with glass, is a favourite resort in fine
weather, and the corridors of the groundfloor afford a sheltered
promenade during rain.
At the back of the Kurhaus is the Kur-Oartenj to the right of
which are the Kurhaus Baths, renovated in 1902. Hence we descend,
crossing the Ealser-Frledrloh-Promenade, to the fine *Kiir-Fark,
which Is about 125 acres in extent. Broad walks lead hence to the
right to the Lawn Tennis Courts, the Solsprudel (bored In 1898), and
the Whey Oare /naiifute, much frequented in the afternoon (caf^). This
lies at the beginning of the ^Brunnen-All^e', containing the chaly-
beate and saline Spbings, the chief of which is the Elisaheth-Brunnen,
famous as a salt-spring even in Roman times. Near the two ad-
joining *Trinkhallen* are well-kept flower-beds, a palm-house, and
the band-stand. The Stahlbrunnen and the Luisenquelle are less
saline than the Ellsabeth-Brnnnen but are richer In Iron, especially
16*
244 RouU29,'-Map,p.240. SAALBDRG. Taunu8.
the first-named. The KaiBer-Brunneny the Ludwiga-Brunneny the
Neue Quelle, and the Landgrafen-Bruiinen are naed chiefly for bath-
ing. In front of the ^Kaiser-Wilhelm-Bctd, built by L. Jacobi and
opened in 1890 (bath-hours 7-1 and 4-6, Sun. 8-12) stands a statue
t)f Emp. William I.
At theW. end of the town rises the Schlpss, which was erected,
partly of stone from the Saalburg, by Landgrave Frederick II. in
1680-85, was rebuilt in 1820-40, and was fitted up in 1866 for the
use of the royal family of Prussia. Above a gateway in the upper
court is the front half of an equestrian statue, and opposite to it a
bust of the landgrave, who, under the leadership of the Great Elector,
decided the victory of the Brandenburgers over the Swedes at Fehr-
bellin in 1675 by the spirited charge of his cavalry. In the N.E.
corner is a Roman portico from Brauweiler (p. 16). The Weisse
Turm^ which rises here to a height of 174 ft., dates from the
14th cent, and commands an extensive view. The Palace Garden
is open to the public. Adm. to the interior of the palace, June 'to
Sept. 11-5, April, May, Oct. & Nov. 1-3, 50 pf., Sun. 25 pf.; to
the tower 25 pf. — Adjoining the E. comer of the Schloss is the
Old Protestant Church, with the burial-vault of the Landgraves.
Walks. Besides the Kar-Park mentioned at p. 248, the traveller may
also visit the Eardt or Hardtwald^ adjoining it on the N.E.; the Orosae
Tannenwald^ Va ^^' to the N.W, of Hombnrg, on the Grosse AlWe, near
the OotMc Howe, built in 1825 and nsed by the Landgrave as a hnntine-
seat (restaurant ^lec. tramway, see p. 243) j the Kleine Tannenwald (dairy),
20 min. to the W. •, the Wildpark (restaurant) with its numerous deer,
V4 hr. from the Gothic House; the Ooldgrvbe (1595 ft.), 1 hr. from the Gothic
House. — Ascent of the Feldberg^ see p. 246.
An Expedition to the Saalbuso may be made by the electric tram-
way (p. 243). Beyond (l^A M.) Z)or»AoteAat«e» (Scheller, E. 1V2-3, B 1, D.
172 and 2, pens, from 472^; Deutsches Haus, unpretending) the tramway
ascends rapidly (maximum gradient 1 : 18) to the (3s/4 M.) terminus. Walkers
from Domholshausen follow a path indicated by yellow marksy which leads
straight on to the Saalburg (Sdt.-Restaurant Saalburg^ B. V/i-o, B. IVs, D.
2'/2 Jf) in 1 hr. ; or they may follow the blue-marked path vi& the Lutfaer-
Eiche to the *Herzberg (1980 ft. ; view-tower) and thence a path indicated
by green marks in IVt- 1'/* hr.
The Saalburg (1388 ft.), on the ridge of the Taunus between the roads
leading to Usingen on the right and to Obernhain on the left, was one
of the. forts belonging t9 the P/ahlgraben (ZAmea)^ a line of intrenchments
841 M. long constructed in the 2nd and 8rd cent. A.D. to protect the Boman
territory in S.W. Germany. It extended from Eelheim on the Danube
to Miltenharg on the Main, and from Erutzenburg (5 H. above Hanau) to
the Taunua, and finally <o Ems (p. 213) and Bheinbrohl (p. 75). — The Saal-
burg, which is the largest, so far as known, of the fbrts on the Pfahlgraben
(measuring 725 by 482 ft.) , was discovered in 186S by the excavations of
Cohausen and L. Jacobi, and has been reconstrucjted since 1897 on the lines
indicated by the foundations. It has rounded corners and four gates (guide,
by H. Jacobi, 50 pf.).
Lewing the station, and passing the ruined camp (taverns, wells, etc.)
ajud tile Boman commandant's house (left)* we soon rea«h the main gate,
the Porta JOecumana (Ko. 4 on the inset in the Map, p. 240; 26 ft. wide).
At the entrance are a modem inscription and a bronze statue of Emperor
Antoninus I^ius by J. G6tz (1901). The fort has three main division*!: the
aetmUura, or rear-camp, with a large storehouse (fforr&um) to the right
Taunus. ORONBERG. Map, p. 2d0,—'29. Routd 245
and admini^traiire offices to the left; the Praetorktm; and fhe JitteietUura^
or fore-camp, with ihe barracks and a bath-house. In add^t^on to the
Porta Decumana there are two side-gates (Porta Dextra and Porta Sinistra ;
PI. 3 and 2), and a rear-gate, the Porta Praetoria (PI. 1), facing the Pfahl-
graben. The Prsetoriam includes a cross-building in front, which served
as a drill-hall in winter ^ storehouses for weapons and armour to the right
and left of the inner court \ and the military temple behind.' Votive stones
from altars dedicated to Hadrian and Alexander Severus were discovered,
and the' ancient statues of these emperors thus implied are represented
by mode^ bronze figures. Mommsen (d. 1904), the distingviished historian,
is commemorated here by a bust. The Saalburg Museum (p. 243) is to be
opened in 1906 Or 1907 in the Horreum (p. 244), which has been rebuilt. —
The Roman military road leading from the Porta Decumana to Heddem-
heim (p. 240) was flanked, in the customary fashion, by tombstones. The
mortuary house re-erectea a little to the left, on the ancient foundations,
contains a few sepulchral relies (key kept by the custodian of the Saal-
burg-, fee).
At the DreimUhlhom, Vs ^* to the N.E. of the Saalburg, to the right
of the Oberhain road, and also at the Drususkippely some remains of 6er-
manio-Roman open-air forges have been preserved. — A road, leaving the
Usingen road to the right, about 250 yds. beyond the fort, descends via
the LoehmUhle (restaurant) to (20 min.) the Saalburg station (see below).
About V4^'« to the E., beyond the mortuary house, rises the I^'Oh-
lien^iianMkopf (im) ft.; belvedere), the path to which is indicated at
Arst by red, then by blue marks. The blue-marked path goes on to the
OiekeUbvrg (1635 ft.), with remains of an ancient circular fortification, and
the Pielagitu-PtaiZy where it rejoins the red-marked path (Rotlauftoeg) by
which we may return through the Hardtwald to Homburg.
The ascent of the Feldberg may be made in 2V2-3 hrs. from the Saalburg
by following the path (indicated by yellow marks) outside the intrench-
ment. Abou); 1 hr. from the top is the Sandplacken (p. 248). From the
Saalburg inn the shortest route follows at first ihe path (green marks) via
the Hereberg (p. 244).
Fboh Houbdbo to Usimgsn. 141/2 Mm, railway in about 1 hr. — 2^/2 M.
Seulberg. — 3 M. /W^dric^cfor/ (Adler; Weisser Turm, a restaurant aoove
the town), founded by Huguenots in 1687, is a small industrial town,
formerly belonging to Hombui^, with i860 inhab. who still retain their
French tongue. A branch -Ihie runs hence to (11 M.) Friedberg (see
Baedeker's Northern Oermany). — 4V« M. KOppem. — 7V» M. Saalburg^ the
station for the Saalburg (p. 244); 8V2 M. Wehrheim (1017 ft.); 11 M. Anspach^
the station for (6 M.) Neu-Weihtau and (5 M.) Schmitten (p. 250); diligences
to both. — 141/2 M. Usingen (955 ft.; Adler), a small town with 1900 inhab.,
residence of the Princes of Nassau-Usingen from 1659 to 1774.
0. From Frankfort to Cronberg or KonigBtein. Feldberg.
Fbom Fbamxfobt to Obonbb&g, 10 M., railway in about ^L hr.
(fares 1 JT 40 pf., 1 JT, 70 pf.). — 41/2 M. Rodelheim (p. 242);
7 M. Eschhom; 78/4 M. Nieder-HochstadU
10 M; Cronberg. — Hotels. *Eaiseb Fbisdsioh, nearest the station,
with modern comforts, B. 2V2-6, 3. IV4* pens* &-iOJt; Fkavkfurtek Hof,
with . paintings by Frankfort, artists in the dining-room; Sohutzemhof,
R. 2*3 «#, all with gardens and views. — Halm's Restaurant, at the station,
V2 M. from the town, very fair.
Cronberg(iOib ft.), a small town with 3050 inhab., is picturesquely
situated on a bill, surrounded by orchards and chestnut-groves, and
commanded by a Castle (1095 ft.) of the 13th cent, and by a Chdteau
of the 16th (restored). These belonged to the Knights of Cronberg,
who resided here down to 1704, when the family became extinct.
246 Routt 99. K6NIGSTEIN. Tamus.
They are now the property of Princess Frederick Charles of Hesge
(no admission). Cronherg is a fayonrite summer-resort of the citizens
of Frankfort, including quite a colony of artists, who possess a
numher of pleasant villas in the environs. About V2 M. to the N.E.
is 8chlos8 Friedriehshoft huilt in 1889-91 for the Empress Frederick
(d. 1901), but now also belonging to Princess Frederick Charles.
At the entrance to Cronberg is a *Oentral Tablet' (p. 240). —
The road to (2 M.) Falkenstein (diligence daily; also omnibus)
follows the main street of the village. After about 1 M. the road to
Konigstein (see below) diverges to the left. Walkers take the foot-
path through the woods to the right, immediately beyond this road,
and in 20 min. more reach the village of —
Falkenstein (ca. 1310 ft.), about IV4M. from Konigstein. It
contains the Kuranatalt Falkenstein^ for consumptive patients, and
dose by are the Frankfurter Hof (pens. 5 Jf) and the Taunu$ Inn,
The wooded hiU to the W. is crowned with the ruin of Burg Falken-
8tein (1465 ft.), the path to which (12 min.) is Indicated by a
finger-post at the upper end of the village. This oastle, the an-
cestral seat of the powerful Archbishop Euno of Treves, was erected
in the 14th cent, on the site of the ancient fortress of Niiring, and
was destroyed in 1688. Fine view from the tower (key at the vil-
lage). The adjacent Teufelstein and the Dorrsche H&ut^ken are also
good points of view.
The road from Cronberg to (3 M.) Konigstein (diligenoe once
daily ; omnibus oftener) is at first identical with that to Falkenstein
(see above). — From Soden to Konigstein, see p. 248.
From (Fhankfobt) Hochbt to Konigstrik, 10 M., light railway
in about ^/^-i hr. (fares iJf^O pf., 1 ujf 10 pf.; through-carriages
from Frankfort by certain trains) ; best views to the right. — From
Frankfort to (61/2 M.) Hochst, see p. 241. — The railway diverges
to th& right from the main line and pursues a N.W. direction to the
Liederbach'Talj affording on the way fine views of the Taunus
range (r.), and later of the Hof heimer Kapelle and the Meisterturm
(p. 249). Chief stations : 41/2 M. (from Hochst) Munster (660 ft);
51/2 M. Ketkheim-FUehbach (p. 249), the latter IV2 M. to the N.W.,
near the Staufen and the Rossert; 8 M. Schneidhain (900 ft.;
p. 249). — We pass below the S. side of the castle.
lOM.Kdnigstein. — Tht Railway station iiii6fi.)neB about lybH. below
the town. — Hotels. •H6tel Ppaff, with large garden j •HStbl OoLiLosbus,
with garden, R. IVi-SVa, B. 1, pens. 6-7 Jl. — Frankpdeteb Hof, B. 2-8,
B. V4 Jf\ Binder, R. i»/2-2V2, B. V4 Jf ; Prooaskt, R. A B. 2V« UT. — Bate
at Messer't. — Kurham Taunttaiick, pens. 6-10 Jf \ Dr. Amelung't KttranstaU;
Hydropathic EslabUahment. — Viiitort* Tax^ i pers. 6, families 8-10 Jf,
KonigsUin (1190 ft.), a picturesquely-situated little town with
2460 inhab., many pleasant villas, and a chateau of the Grand-Duke
of Luxembourg, is one of the most popular resorts in the Taunus
region. To theW. of the town rise the imposing ruins of the CaatUof
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TaunuB. FELBBERG. 29. Route. 247
Konig8tein(eA. 1310 ft), which was destroyed by the French in 1796.
This stronghold is mentioned in history for the first time in 1225 ;
in 1581 it came into the possession of the Electors of Mayence,
whose annorial bearings are still to be seen over the entrance ; in
1792 it was captured by the French, and in 1793 by the PruBsians.
The vaults and casemates are stUl partly preserved. Fine view
from the tower.
ExoOBSioMs. From the E. end of the town we may ascend to (20 min.)
the view-tawer on the Hartenberg, The village of MammoUhaint prettily
situated V* hr. farther on, amid fruit-trees, lies 20 min. above Cronthal
(p. 248). — A path, indicated by green marks, leads from the E. end of
the town to (3d min.) Burg Falkmstein, — From the N. end of the town
a road leads through the pretty BilUal to (31/2 M.) RupperUhainy 1 M. above
which is Eppenhain. l^ear the latter is the Roaert (p. 219). — From Konig-
stein to Eppstein^ 6 M., see p. 249.
The highest point of the Taunus Mts. is the Great Feldberg
(2885 ft.), the top of which consists of quartzose rock, while the
slopes are composed of clay-slate. The whole mountain, except the
flat grassy plateau on the summit, is clothed with wood. The dining-
room of the oldest of the three inns at the top (D. 2, pension 4 Jf)
contains some good pictures by Frankfort painters. The view
tower on the summit (98 ft. high), built in 1901-2, commands an
admirable panorama in clear weather, which, unfortunately, occurs
b1it seldom. The block of quartz, 10 ft. in height and nearly 39 ft.
in breadth, near the inns, is mentioned in a document as eaily as
812, and has been known as the Bruhhildenbett since 1043.
To the S.E. of the Feldberg rises the ♦AZtfconigr (2615 ft.), to the
S.W. the KUinc Feldberg (2710 ft.). The summit of the former is
enclosed by a huge double girdle of loose stones, with a rectangular
outer rampart on the S.W. side. The outer circle has a circumference
of 15X8 yds., the inner one of 1070 yds. The atones of this pre-Bo-
man fortiflcati(m were probably originally arranged in layers with
trunks of trees between, so as to form a perpendicular wall.
Ascent of the Feldberg from Falkbnstein (IV4 hr.). A broad road
(white marks) ascends gradually from the upper part of the village to
(2 min.) a finger-post indicating a path on the left to the Hattensteiner
Schlag and the (s/4 hr.) Fuehstanz (rfmts. at the refage-hut in anmmer),
and thence to the top. — A path marked with red leads to the right from
the npper end of Falkenstein viS the Sireng-HnUe to the Altkdnig. The
path from the Altkdnig to (85 min.) the Fachstans is marked at first with
yellow (path to Oberarsel), then with green marks.
AsoBNT OF THE Feldbero FROM EdNiGSTEiN, 2V4 hrs. (Carriage 12 Jf).
We ascend the Frankfort and Limburg road for about 2>/s M., then take
the Beifenberg road to the right, which leads vift the Seelenborn to the
(!'/« M.) Rote Kreut (inn). Thence we may either follow the red marks,
to the right, Yi& the (IV4 H.) saddle between the Lime and the QrecU Feld-
herg^ to tiie (20 min.) summit of the latter t or, followix^ the blue marks,
we may make a detour of about Vs U. via the remains of a Eoman fort
and entrenchments discovered in 1892.
From Oberdrsbl (8 hrs.). The road, popularly known as the Eanonen-
Strasse, ascends along the left bank of the stream. In 1 hr. we reach the
Hohe Mark spinning-mill (restaurant), the terminus of the electric tramway
(p. 242), beyond which the route is indicated by brown marks. In about
1 hr. more (about 1(X) yds. before a wide curve of the road) we ascend
248 Route29,—Mapjp.2d0. SOBEN. Taunus.
a few steps to the right and follow the path (flnger-pdsts) to the (20 min.)
Buchborny a fresh spring. Thence we proceed straight on, crossing the
Kanonen-Strasse and skirting the intrenchment, to the Schieferbrach, which
is within V2 hr. of the top. Numerous finger-posts.
Faom Hohbubo (3V4 hrs.). Leaving the (1/2 hr.) OotMc JBovse (p. 244),
we follow the straight '"Elisabeihen-Schneise' (route marked with yellow
crosses). At the top of the hill called the ^Sandplacken' (2V4 hrs. ; refage-
hut ^ path to the Saalburg, see p. 245) a finger-post indicates the way to
the Feldberg to the left. [A finer path (marked by green crosses) diverges
to the left about V^ M. from the S.W. exit of the SchlossrGarten, on this
side of the bridge, and leads past the Frankfurter Forsthatu and the Holu
Mark (p. 247).] ,
The Feldberg may be ascended also from Camberg (p. 250) and from
Idttein (p. 249).
d. From Frankfort to Soden.
10 H. Railway in Vs-1 br. (fares 1 UV 30 pf., 1 UV, 70 pf. ; express 1 UV 50,
1 ur 10, 80 pf.).
From Frankfort to Hochst, see p. 241. — Thence by a short
branch-line vill Sulzbach to —
Soden. — Hotels (all with electric light, restaurants, and gardens).
"^KtBHAUS^ *H6tbi. Golloseus, B. 2-6, B. 1, D. (1 p.m.) 3, pens, from 6 J(\
*Edbopai8GHBR Hof, B. 21/2*5, B. 1, D. (1 p.m.) 3, pens. 6-10 UV ; ^Bitbsisghbr
HoF, B. 3-5, 1 B. 1, D. 21/2-4 J$t SoHdNB Aussioht, similar charges; Uhbics,
Adler, the last two suited for passing tourists.
Carriage per hour 3 UV, to Eonigstein 31/2, to Gronberg 4V2, to the top
of the Feldberg 20 Jt.
Visitors' Tax for 1 pers. 14, for 2 pers. 20, for each addit. pers. 5 Jf,
iSfodcn (490-656 ft.), a village with 19171nhah., lies at the foot
of the Tannns Mts., in the sheltered valley of the Sulzbach, On the
Konigstein road, which intersects the town from S.E. to N.W., are
most of the hotels and the pleasant Kur-Park^ with the Kurhaus^
the Bath House (admirably fitted up), and the new Inhaling House,
The baths are visited by about 2500 patients annually. The numerous
warm Springs contain salt, iron, and carbonic-acid gas, and are
chiefly prescribed for heart and bronchial affections and mild diseases
of the lungs. They are used both for drinking and bathing, and rise
in different parts of the valley. The MUchhrunnen^ Warmhrunnen^
Solbrunnen^ and Champagner-Brunnerij which are chiefly used for
drinking, rise in the Quellen-Park, in the so-called Haupt-StraSse.
Walks. To the Drei Linden (820 ft. 5 blu^ way-marks), a good point
of view, near iTeuenhain (see below); to the Altenhainer-Tal (red marks),
V2 hr. to the N. W. \ to the Sodener Wdldchent etc.
Fbom Sodbn to Cbonbebg, 3 M. The road diverges to the W., at
the lower end of the Kur-Park. About V4 M. from Soden there is a finger-
post indicating the footpath and the carriage-road (yellow marks) to (2 M.)
Cronthal, which possesses two saline springs, and to Gronberg.
Feom Sodbn to K^nigstbin, 3 M. The road ascends rather
steeply and passes (1 M.) Neuenhain (790 ft.), where there is
another chalybeate spring used for sanatory purposes. — Konigttein,
see p. 246.
Taunus. IDSTEIN. Map, p. 2 40,— fi9. Route. 249
e. From Frankfort to Eppttoin and Limburg.
461/2 M. Railwat in lVt-2V4 hrs. (fares 6uV80, 3uV90, 2ur60 pf.).
Frankfort^ see p. 223. 6 M. Oriesheim ; 8V2 M. JSTocAat, see p. 241 .
The line describes a curve and crosses the Tannas railway. 121/2 M.
Krifttl,
131/2 M. Hofheim (445 ft. ; Kront, R. IV4-2V2 ^, very fair,
moderate charges ; Pfdlzer Hof)y an early Roman settlement (comp.
p. 149)| is now a pleasant Tillage of 3200 inhab. at the entrance to
the Lorabdcher^Tal, a grassy valley, enclosed by wooded slopes and
watered by the Schwarzbach,
Pleasant walks lead to the OJ3 hr.) lofty Hofheimer KapeUe (760 ft.) and
on to the QU hr.) MeUterturm (ddS ft. \ key at Hofheim, open on Sun.),
which affbras an admirable sarrey of the extensive valley of tbe Main,
the Taunns Uts., the Bergstrasse, and the Uts. of the Palatinate.
The line ascends the Lorsbacher-Tal and crosses the Schwarz-
bach several times. I672M. Lorshack^ a prettily-sitnated village.
19^2 ^* Eppitein. — Hotels. 'Hotel Sbilek & Kobhaus Bbrof&ibde,
at the station, R. i^l*-% B. s/^i P^i^s* ^-^ •^i well spoken of ; OnLut^HLJi,
outside the village, at the mouth of the Fischbaoh-Tal, with shady garden,
very fair. — Kaisbb-Tempel (see below 5 open in summer only), 11/2 M.
from the station, B. iVs-S, pens. 4-6 »M,
Eppstein (605 ft.), a straggling little town with 1100 inhab., lies
in the Lonbacher-Taly above the month of ihe Fischbach^Tal and
below those of the DraUhaeh^Tal and Ooldbach-Tal. On a pre-
clpitons rock above the place rises the picturesque CcutU of the
same name, mentioned in history as early as 1120, the ancestral
seat of a celebrated family, five members of which were archbishops
and electors of Mayence between 1060 and 1805. It is now the
property of Prince Stolberg-Wemigerode.
On a (25 min.) projection of the Stttufen is the Kaiter'Ttrnpel, A^acent
is the hotel «ientioned above. Fine view. The summit of the Stanfen
(1480 ft. ; V* hr. to the E. ; yellow way-marks) is occupied by a private villa
and a belvedere. — Good views are also obtained from the (V4 hr.)
MaUrpimtchen and tbe (Vz hr.) KoloualBank.
The ^acert (1690 ft.), which is easily reached from Eppstein in
1 hr. by a path (yellow marks) ascending the valley and then by a road
to the left, commands a fine view of the valleys of the Rhine and Main.
Below the summit is a refuge-hat, shaded by trees (rftnts. on Sun.). From
the Boflsert to Konigstein i*li hr., see p. 247.
Immediately below Eppstein the Konigstein road ascends the Fisch'
hach-Tal to (IV4 M.) Fischbach (730 ft. ; p. 246). Thence we cross (blue
way-marks) a' lofty plateau to (2V4 M.) Sehneidhain (p. 246), whence a
light rfUway runs to (IVa M.) KdnigtUin (p. 246).
Beyond Eppstein the train passes through a tunnel. — From
(23 M.) Hiedernhansen (850 ft; H6t, Villa Sanitas, R. & B. 2-3,
penp. 41/2-6 Jfi closed in winter) a branch-line runs to Auringen-
Medeniach^ Ig$tadt, Erbenheim^ and (1272 M.) Wiesbaden (in i/2-
3/4 hr.).
28M.Iditwii(872ft} Lamm, well spoken of; MerSy R. 1-2 Jf;
Deutacher Kaiaer), a town of 3396 inhab., with many old houses,
was once the residence of a branch of the Nassau family. The
chiteau, re-erected in the 16-17th cent., is to be restored; the
250 Route 30. GERNSHEIM.
church, richly adorned with marble, dateg from 1667. The Grosse
Feldherg (p. 247) may he ascended hence in S^/j lira. — 31 M.
Worsdorf. — From (34 M.) Camberg (700 ft., Gutenherger Hof,
R. & B. 2 Ur), a little town with 2400 inhah., the top of the Feld-
herg may he reached in 41/2 lirs.
About 9H. to theE. lita ITett-Weilnau (1280 ft.; Zur Schdnen Aussicht,
B. 11/2-2, pens. 4-6 Jf), in lhe prettiest part of the wooded valley of the
Weil. Opposite is Alt-Wnlnau (1298 ft.), with a rained castle. — From Nen-
Weilnaa a yellow- marked path leads via Treisberg to (3 M.) Schmitten
(1510 ft. } Ochs, R. I-IV4, B. V« -^j frequented by consumptives. Diligence
to Anspach, see p. 246.
36V2M. Nieder-Selterg {Caspary, R. I-II/2 uT, B, 60 pf.),
formerly belonging to the Electorate of Treves.
Nieder-Selters has been celebrated since the 16th cent, for its mineral
waters, in which carbonate of soda and salt are agreeably bl«nd«d, widely
known under the erroneous name of 'Seltzer Water'. The buildings of
the spring are near the station.
39 M. OltThTechen; 41 M. Niederhrechen.
46V2 M. Idmhurg on the Ldhn, see p. 219.
30. From Frankfort or Mayence to Mannheim and
Heidelberg.
a. Yik Lampertheim to Mannheim (Carlsruhe),
5OV2 M. (or 47 M.). Railway in iV4-2V2 hrs. (fares from Frankfort
6UV 50, 4Jf 90, 3ur d0pf.ifromMayence6Jfl0, 4Ur 60, 3 UV 10 pf.).
From Frankfort to (4 M.) Ooldatein^ see p. 240. The line
traverses the plain -watered by the Rhine and the Main. — 972 M.
Walldorf; IOV2 M- Morfelden. — 16 M. Domhetg is the junction
for the Mayence and Darmstadt rail-way (p. 261). 18^2 M. Dom^
heim; 2OV2 M. Leeheim-Wolfskehlen. — 21 1/2 M. OoddHau^
Erfelden is the junction for the Darmstadt and Worms rail-way
(p. 256). 23 V2 M. 8tock8tadt, on the Rhine; 26V2M. Biebetheim.
28 M. Gemsheim (Post ; DarmstSdter Hof^ R. & B. IV2 •^)» a
small and busy to-wn on the Rhine, with 4180 inhab., mentioned in
history as early as 773 and destroyed by Mtflac in 1689. It contains
a monument to Peter SchSffer, one of the inventors of printing
(p. 163), -who -was born here. — 801/2 M. (?ro5«-Boftrftdm. 33 M.
Bihlis^ with a handsome church with two to-wers, is the junction for
Worms (p. 266). 36 M. Bursiadt, junction of the Bensheim and
Worms railway (p. 257). — 39M. Lampertheim ("l^eb^tocft; 8chv>an),
the junction of a branch-line to Worms, is a town with 8946 in-
hab. and a large new church. Our line divides here, the right
branch leading by Waldhof to the (47 M.) Neckar suburb of Mann-
heim, while the left passes Waldhof and Kdferthal and crosses the
Neclar to the central station at (601/2 M.) Mannheim (v- 276).
Continuation of the railway to CarUruhe, see p. 279.
DARMSTADT. 30, BouU. 261
b. Vik Darmstadt to Heidelberg and Haxmheim.
From Frankfort to Danmtadt (16Vx H.) railway in V2-I br. (fares
1 J? 96, 1 ur 30, 86pf.-, express fares 2 Jt dO, i Jf bb, i Jt iO pf.). From
liay<5iuie to Darmttadt (21 M.) railway in «/4-l hr. (fares !iJt%2Jt 10,
1 UV 40 pf. ; express fares S JtiO, 2 Jt BOy i Jl B6 pf.). From Darmttadt
to Heidelberg or Mannheim^ 38 H., in 1-2 hrs. (fares to Heidelberg 4 UV 30,
2 UV 86. 1 UV 90 pf. ; express fares 6 UV 20, 3 UT 45, 2 UT 50 pf. ;.to Mann-
beim 5-10 pf. less). Best yiews to the left (E.).
Fbom Fkankfobt to Dabmstabt. Beyond tbe Imposing sand-
stone bridge oyer tbe Main a branch-line diyerges to the left to
Offenbach and Hanan, and farther on the 'Hesslsche Ludvigsbahn'
to the right to Mayence and" Mannheim (p. 240). On the hills to
the left is the SachsenMuser Warte, 21/2 M. FrarikfurU Louisa, —
The following stations are for the most part some distance from the
unimportant yillages after -which they are named. The railway from
Mayence to Darmstadt passes beneath our line shortly before we
reach (i6*/2 M.) Darmstadt,
Fbom Matencb to Dabmbtadt. Starting from the central
station (p. 164), the train runs under the citadel to the 8, Mayence
station, and crosses the Ludwlgshafen railway (p. 280) and the
Khine. 2i/2 M. Gustavshurg-Kostheim (p. 240). 5 M. Bischofsheim
is the junction for the Frankfort Railway (p. 240) and for the
junction-line, now under construction, across the Main to Kastel
(Wiesbaden). 10 M. Nauheim, From (I21/2 M.) Orossgerau a
branch-line runs to Dombergy the junction of the line to Mannheim
via Lampertheim (p. 260). — 131/2 M. KUingerau; I6V2M. WeUer-
stadt, — 21 M. Darmstadt^ where carriages are usually changed.
Darmstadt (see Plan). — Railway stations. 1. Cbntbal Station,
consisting of the former Main-Neckar Station (PI. A, 2; restaurant), on
the W. side, and the former Ludwigsbahnhof{*EeetikViTZXit on the Ist floor),
on the "S, side of the Bahnhofs-Piatz, also for the Odenwald line. —
2. Eatt BtaUon^ the former Ro$$nhGhe Station (PI. E, 2), on the Odenwald
Bailway.
Hotels. Teaube (PI. a^, B, 2), Luisen-Platz 6, R. 2»^5, B. 11/4, D. 3 Uif ;
Bbitanhia (PI. d{ B, 2), Ithein-Str. 85, with beer-restanrant, R. 3-6, B. 11/4,
D. 3 Jf; Bailwat Hotel, at the Ludwiphahnhof, B. 8-4, B. IV4 Jf, —
Hotel K6HI.EB (PI. c; A, 3), Rhein-Str. 48, B. 3-4, B. 1, D. 2^2 Jf^ Peinz
Kabl (Pl. e; C, 3), Karl-Str. 1.
Reatanrants. Wiener Cafi, Rheia-Str. 28 5 BurgbreiVy Wilhelminen-Str. ;
Paltti* Restaurant, Hiigel-Str. 35-, Sitte, Karl-Str.; F^rsienJiaile (wine and
luncheon rooms), Ellsabethen-Str. -— OapAs. Wiener Cafi^ see above;
Eiehbtrg, Rhein-Str. 16, near the Ludwigs-Saule. — Confecuoneb. 0«,
HQgel-Sfr.
BAtln. AMee-Bady Uaner-Str. 17; SoUy Kartin-Str. 22. ^ Swimming
Baths in the W^og (P). B, 2; 4S pf., incl. towel).
Cab with one horse for V* hr., for 1-2 pers. 60, 3-4 pers. 80 pf.; with
two horses 80 pf., 1 M; for V2 hr. 1 UT, 1 jT 40, 1 UT 40, 1 UT 80 pf. ; 1 hr.
2 JL 2 Jf 4a 2 UV 60, 3 Jf 10 pf. — From the stations 10 pf. extra.
Eleotrie Tramwaya (see plan) ev. 7 min. in the town, 10 pf. ; outside
ev. V^'Va hr., 15 pf.
Bieam Tramway to Oriesheim (p. 255 ; comp. PI. 0, B, A, 2) ; and to
Bbtritadt (p. 266; eomp. PI. B, A, 2, 3, 4) and ArJuUgen (comp. PI. B, 2, 1).
Theailre (fl^/^ThecOer; PI. C, 2), closed in aummer.
252 Route 30. DARMSTADT. From Frankfort
Art Exhibition in the Kun$t' Vereiny Bhein-Strasse. — The Verein zur
FBrderutiff OemeinniUziger Zwecke^ Steln-Str. 2, gives every information to
strangers. — Post Office^ Luisen-Platz (PI. B, 2).
British Charge d'Affiairea, A. 0. Grant-Duff, Esq.
English Church Servioe in the Palace Chapel at 11a.m. and 4.30 p.m.;
H. G. on the let and 3rd San. in each month.
Darmstadt (480 ft.), the capital of the Grand-Duchy of Hesse,
with 83,385 inhab., a town with broad, quiet streets and tasteful
pleasure-grounds, was, though dating from the 11th cent, and the
residence of the Landgrftves of Hesse - Darmstadt since 1567, a
place of no importance down to the close of the 18th century. The
Grand-Duke Lewis I. (d. 1830) erected the new part of the town,
and to him and his successors Darmstadt is indebted for its prosper-
ity. Iron-foundries, boiler-factories, and engineering works may
be mentioned amo.ng the industrial establishments.
The Rhein-Str. leads from the Central Station (PI. A, 2), past
the Stadthaus^ to the Luisbn-Platz (PI. B, 2), which contains a
Statue of Orandr-Duke Lewis I. , by Schwanthaler, erected to him
by his ^grateful people' in 1844; the statue is borne by a column,
140 ft. in height, the summit of which affords a fine view (fee
50 pf.). In the same square are the Stdndehaus^ »nd the Kanslei-
Oebaude. In the Mathilden-Platz, close by, are a handsome foun-
tain and a bust of Abt Vogler (1779-1814), the teacher of Weber
and Meyerbeer.
The Orand-Duoal Palace (PI. C, 2), begun in the 15th cent.,
was largely rebuilt by the Landgrave George I. at the end of the
16th cent. ; the portals, belonging to that period, but finished after
the landgrave's death, are a good specimen of the German Renais-
sance. The bulk of the building was erected in 1715-27, by Bouge
de la Fosse, The tower contains a chime of bells (1671). — A flight
of steps ascends from the Markt-Platz to the first floor, containing
the Library^ which consists of about 470,000 vols., 4000 MSS., and
numerous typographical curiosities (open on week-days 11-12).
On application at the steward's ofilce (first door to the right in the
'Eirchenhor), visitors are conducted by an attendant to the Asteniblff Rooms
aad Imperial Roomt (decorated in the rococo and ^Empire^ styles) and also
to inspect the celebrated ''*Madonna with the family of Burgomaster Meyer
of Bale, by Holbein the Tounger^ painted in 1526. A skilftil restoration by
A, Eauser (1888) has removed much of the repainting o£ some of the heads,
and the work again shines with its original glory.
In the square In front of the Palace (PI. B, G, 2) stands a bronze
Equestrian Statue of Lewis IV. (d. 1892), by Schaper, unveiled in
1898. On the N. side of the square is the New Museum, in front of
which stands the War Monument for 1870-71, by Herzig.
The new Hnseiun (PI. B, C, 2), built in 1901-5 from the designs
of A. Messel, now contains the art and other collections formerly
preserved in the Grand-Ducal Palace, and also collections of natural
history. The picture-gallery includes several interesting examples
of the early German and the Netherlands (Rembrandt) schools,
while the collection of industrial art also merits inspection. Adm.
to Heidelberg. \ DABM8TADT. 30. RouU, 253
on Tnes., Wed., and Frid. 11-1, and on Thnrs. 3-5, free; also at
other times for a fee. A catalogue Is in preparation.
To THE EIGHT OF THE VESTIBULE. I. Indiutfittl Art of the 16-18th cent.,
including admirable specimens of goldsmiths' work of tbe German Re-
naissance. — In the glass -roofed Court (II) and adjoining corridor are a
Roman mosaic pavement, from Vilbel near Frankfort, and a select Colleciion
of JYehUtoriCy Ancient^ and Frankish Antiquities. — From the glass-roofed
Court (III) we enter the groundfloor rooms in which are the Scientijlc
Archaeological Collection and the Ethnographical Collections. — lY. The large
hall in the E. wing contains' the Plaster Casts; the Cabinet of Coins and
Medals is on the first floor of the tower.
To THE LEFT OF THE Vestibdle. I. Wsopons and Armoury including
a richly damascened suit said to have belonged to Philip the Generous
(16th cent.), inlaid guns and pistols, large ballista, and mediseval shields. —
The second door in the N. wall admits to the —
II. Mediaeval Ecclesiastical Rooms^ which open off a court containing
tombstones and coats-of-arms. The Romanesque Room^ on the N. side, ex-
hibits smaller examples of Bheoish and other early medieeval art, including
elaborately ornamented reliquaries, small altars, ivory carvings, etc — In the
Church Room adjoining on the W. is a Romanesque portal of stone, with ad-
mirable representations of animal;^ \ stained glass windows (choir 13th cent.,
nave and sacristy i5th cent.), altars, tombstones, and church plate of the
Gothic period. — From the sacristy we return through the armour room
to the 8.W. staircase, leading to the —
III. Museum of Social SistorVy in the lower story of the W. wing. This
comprizes costumes of the 16-l8th cent, specimens of rustic art in Hesse,
etc. — On the upper stories of the W. wing are the —
IV. Reproductions of Mediaeval Rooms and the BmdU Art Collections.
Boom with furniture, plastic decorations, and altars of the 15th cent., chiefly
from the old imperial town of Friedberg in the Wetterau ; Italian room,
containing plaquettes and majolica (Delia Robbia work); Nuremberg room
of the i4th cent., with a Crucifixion by Riemenschneider; finely panelled
room from Chiavenna (ca. 1580); Late-Gothic room from Tyrol; panelling
of 1C25, from the upper Rhine.
Stbaioht on fkou the Vestibule are the collections in the main
building. I. On the ground-floor isth^ Zoological Departmenty systematically
and geographically arranged. — II. The entresol accommodates the Mineralog'
ical and Geological Collections y with fine fossils. III. On the upper fioor
is the —
Picture Gallery. Eablt Gebman Schools. The central glass-roofed
room, which we enter first, contains 16th cent, altar-pieces from the Middle
Rhine; School of Meister WUhelmy Crucifixion with saints; portraits by
B. Bruyn the Elder and O. Pencz; Cranach the Elder y Saints; 0. Davidy
Madonna with angelic musicians. — In the cabinets: Ortenberg altar-piece,
from the Middle Rhine (ca. UIO); *Stephan Lochnery Presentation in the
Temple (1447); Master of the St. Bartholomew Altar-PiecSy Madonna and
saints; /. Fatkiiry Madonna in a landscape. — '^Eolbein the Toungery Por-
trait of a young man (1515); Cranach the Elder y Madonnas, Portraits, etc.
On tbe walls are also some good wood carvings from the Middle Rhine
(15th cent.).
Kethsblanoish Schools. On the left side of the second glass-roofed
room: *ffeuchately Portrait of a physician; portraits, Biblical scenes, and
genre paintings by 5. Fabritiusy O. Flincky and other pupils of Rembrandt;
*B. van der Heist Ci)^ Full-length of an old woman; *Rubensy Diana hunt-
ing; landscapes by Aert van der NetTy BrUy Mompery and others. — In the
cabinets : **Rembrandty Scourging of Christ (1668) ; D. Teniers the Youngery
Portrait of an officer; works by Ruysdaely Pottery PorcelHsy Kalfy Qabrouy
P, d€ Hoochy and Adriaen van Osiade; 'P. Brueghel t?ie Eldery Dance beneath
the gallows-tree (1568); Gonzales GoqueSy Portraits.
Italian and.Feench Schools. On" the left side of the third glass-
roofed room and in the adjoining apartmiBut: ^TiticMy Portrait (1665);
A, Carracdy Portrait of Domenichino (1603); several excellent works pf
264 Route 30, DARMSTADT. From Frankfort
the 17-18th cent., by 0, Dokiy Feti, BeTddona^ Cortona, Jrpino, Sa$$o/mtaU>y
Bationi^ and others. — Examples of Biaaudy La Jous, Robert^ Ary ScMff^r^ etc.
MopsBN Gjibman Schools (17-20th cent.). On the right side of the
second glass-roofed room. Portraits by Merian and Roosi landscapes by
SchirmeTy Letting ^ MorgeMtem^ Radl, and Luccu; SteinbrUck, Genoveva;
Enfiuber^ Bavarian court of justice; Hofmann^ Gethsemane; Noact^ Religious
disputation between Luther and Zwingli at Marburg. The two cabinets
are mainly devoted to Frankfort and Darmstadt artists of the 17-19th cent. :
Flegel, Root, Junker^ SchUtZy Fiedler, SeekatZy etc. — On the right side of
the third glass-roofed room and in the adjoining apartment: Landscapes
by Becker y ROthy Munthey Thoma, and Lugo; "Brachiy Shores of oblivion;
three portraits by Lenbach; genre- works by ffeneelery Raupp^ Uhde. and
Mdnnchen; Feuerbachy Iphigenia (1862). — In the cabinets, examples of
Koehy Schtoindy Kobelly Kaufmann^ BUrkeiy Aehehbac\ SeMeich, *ffeiaz Hefm^
L. von Hofmann^ and W. Triibner.
Opposite the entrance of the gallery is the approach to the Cabinet 0/
Engravings^ in the three rooms of which are exhibited selections (periodi-
cally changed) from the large collection of engravings , wood-cuts , and
drawings.
Between the Mnseum and the Theatre (PL C, !2) are Statues, by
Scholl, of the landgrave Philip the Generous (d. 1567) and his son
George I. (d. 1596), founder of the grand-ducal family.
In the Hbbbn-Gabtbn (PI. B, 0, 1), behind the theatre, an
ivy-clad hill marks the resting-place of the Landgravine Henrietta
Carolina (d. 1774), 'femina sexu, ingenio yir* according ta the in-
scription on the nm dedicated to her by Frederick the Gr^at. To
the N. W. is the Goethe Monument (1903), with a fine bronze figure
of a youth and reliefs by L. Habich. — To tlie E. is the Technical
Academy (PI. C, 1 ; 80 professors and about 2000 students).
In the Markt (Pi. G, 2) stands the Baihaus^ a simple Renaissance
building of 1600. In the Kirch-Strasse, to the S.E., is the Stadtkirche
(PL 0, 3), with a Gothic choir (1500) and the elaborate Renaissance
monument of Landgrave George L — Farther on, to the S.E., are
the Real-Schule and the Gymruisium^ founded in 1627. — In the
Wilhelminen-Platz (PL B, 3) Is the modern Roman Catholic Chtwch
(usual entrance at the S.E. angle), containing the well-executed
marble sarcophagus of the Grand-Duchess Mathilde (d. 1862), by
Widnmann, — On the W. side of the Platz is the New Palace of
the Grand-Duke, built in 1865, in the Italian Renaissance style.
To the E. of the town, above the Alice Hospital (PI. D, 1 ; station
of the electric tramway), rises the HatMldenhdhe (PL D, E, 1, 2),
with the new Russian Chapel, The Mathildenhohe is the seat of an
Artists' Colony y established by the Grand-Duke in 1901. Adjacent
is the reservoir of the Town Water Works (view). A monument to
Gustav Schwab (d. 1850), the poet, was erecJted here in 1905. —
Farther to the E., beyond the Odenwald Railway (E, Stationy see
p. 263), is the Bosenhohe (PI. F, 1, 2), with the Palace of the same
name, and the Grand- Ducal Mausoleumy containing the remains
of the Grand-Duke Lewis IV. (d. 1892) and his wife, Princess Alice
of England (d. 1878). The ♦Tomb of the Princess EUsabeth, who
died when a child, is by Rauch (1831).
to Heidelberg. JUGENHEIM. 30. Route. 255
Bmvxkons of DASM8TADT. Pleasant walks may be made in the exten*
aire woods. — Electric tramway from Ernst Lndwigs-Platz (PI. B, G, 2)
every i/s hr., in the afternoon every V4 hr., to the Fasanerie on the edge
of the wood; thence on foot to (20min.) the hunting-seat of KranicMeiriy
and (1 hr.) the forester^s house of Xinsiedel. To the 8. the Ludwig»h6he
(796 ft. ; 10 min.), with view-tower and restaurant, and the Raben/loukop/
(1»^ hr.), with the Alhrechts-Tarm. To Ihe 8.E , opposite the Ludwigs-
hob^ the Dommerherg (948 ft.), with a monument to Bismarck.
FaoM Dakhstadt to Woems, 27V2 M., railway in l-li/a hr. (fares 3 Jf 60,
2 UV 70, 1 UV 80 pf.). 6 M. Qrieiheim^ with an extensive artillery-range
and camp (steam-tramway); 8VsM. Wolfskehlen; 10 M. Ooddelaw-Erfelden^
the junetion of the Frankfort and Mannheim line (p. 260), which coincides
with the Worms line as far as (^jh M.) BibUi, 23y2 M. Hofheim (im Ried),
the junction of the Bensheim and worms line (p. 267). We cross the Rhine
by means of an iron bri^e to (26V2 M.) Wormt-Rhein. The train makes a
circuit round the N. side of the town. — 27V« M. Worms (p. 282).
F&OM Daiucstadt to Mankheim, 38V2 M. (fares 6 UV, 8 Uff 76, 2 Uff 60 pf. ;
express fares 6 Uff 60, 1 UV 20 pf., 2 UV 96 pf.). To Goddelau-Erfeldm^ see
above; thenee to Mannhtim^ see p. 260.
From Darmitadt to Eberbach, see E. Sib.
18 M, Darmstadt South Station for Bessungen^ since 1888 a
snbnrb of Darmstadt, with two gardens belonging to the Grand-
Puke. — Near this point begins the Bergstrasse, an old road origin-
ally constructed by the Romans, skirting the fruit and vine-clad W.
slopes of the Odenwald (to which the name *Berg8trasse* is some-
times applied in a wider senae), and leading to Heidelberg. — 21 M.
Ebersiadt (Traube ; Darmsfadter Hof), 1 M. to the E. of the station.
A branch-line runs hence to (ii/4 M.") the busy little town of P/^ny-
Btadt (Strauss, with garden), with 6300 inhab. and a well-known
brewery. — On the hills to the left rises the ruined castle of
Frankenstein (1300 ft.), commanding a fine view (inn). The chapel
contains tombs of the 16-1 7th centuries. — 25 M. Bickenhach.
From Bicksnbach to Sekhkim, 8 M., branch-railway in Vi hr. — 1 M.
Akbaeh (Krone, &. Uiy^Jt} Sonne, both plain). Above, to the right, Vs hr.
Aroin Alsbach and */< hr. from Zwingenberg (see below), is Surg Sicken-
bach or the AUbacher Schlots (775 ft.), with an embattled tower. From this
point we m^ ascend the Melibokus in »/4 iir-» or follow the winding
'Herrenw-eg* (blue and white marks) to the ^2 hrs.) Auerbacher Schloss, or
walk on to (1 hr.) Jugenheim.
2 M. Jugenheim (680 ft.-, *Ooldene Krone & Alexander-Bad^ Post, at both
B. IVa-S, pens. 4V2-6 Jff Deutsches Hatis, R. 2-8, B. i J(; ScMoss-HoUl^
B. lVf2Vs Jt). a fiavourite summer-resort, with pleasant villas. About 1 H.
to the S.E. is the chftteau of EeiUgenberg (710 ft.), the residence of Prince
Lewis of Battenberg (fine views in the park). On the way to it we pass
a ruined convent, near which, are some (immured) gravestones of the
16th cent, and the *Cent-Linde% an old lime-tree marking the site of a
'Centgericht* or Court of a Himdred. On an eminence to the W. are a
conspicuous golden cross, erected by the Empress Mary of Russia (d. 1880)
to her mother, the Grand-Bachess Wilhelmina (d. 1836), and the Mausoleum
of Prince Alexander of Hesse (d. 1888).
2V2 M. Seeheim (450 ft. % Hufnagely very fair), where there is a grand-
ducal summer-chateau, the garden of which is open to the public. Above
Seeheim rises the ruined castle of Tanner^erg (1116 ftOi destroyed in 1399)
it is scarcely visible from below.
271/2 M. Zwingenberg (318 ft.; Lowe, with garden, very fair),
an old town, with 1650 inhab., lies at the foot of the wooded
256. Route 30, — Map, p, 2^8, A.UI1RB ACH , F\rom Frankfort
Melibokus ot Malchen (1690 ft.)/ the highest poifit of the Berg-
stiasse and entirely of granite! On the sammit is a tower, etiictdd
in 1772 (small gratuity; rfmts).
The ascent of the KelibokuB, often combined with that of the Fels*
berg, may be made from Alsbach, Zwingenberg, Jugenhejm, or Aaerbach.
Paths all marked ; carriage to the top . 10^12 •#, <^ J^qm Al3Baoh (IV4 hr.)
we may ascend either via the castle or by another p^ more to the E. ~
FsoM JuoBNHEiM (U/rl'A lu>.) we proceed to the viouth of the BaloAwer
Tal and then take either the old route (r.) vift the Lettrhm-g or the new
route (1. ; blue and white marks) vi& Bxibtrttruhe. The two routes unile
0/4 hr.) near the Kattenberger Schneise. — Fbom ZwiMcnNBsito (iV« hr.)
the steeper route leads to the £. from the ^L^e" and ascends Uift hill 4
after 8 min. the path follows the water-conduit to the right, leadto ii^ugh
a small fir-wood over the Lutiehtrg^ and in 25 min. more regaifis the
carriage-road, which is furnished with direction-posts. — FxoH thb Auto-
BACHSR ScHLoss (3/4 hr. ; bluc marks) we follow t^« ^^errenweg' to the
*Notgottes-Sattel\ and then ascend direct.
29 M. Aaerbach. — Hotels. *Ebonb, established originally in the
17th cent., R. IV4, B. 8/4, pens. 3Va-B >Mf Bauke, B. IV2-2 M; Tbaubb, R.
2-21/4, B. V«, pens, from 31/2 M. — Lodgings (R. from 7 jU per week). —
Beer at. the SchilttenfM/. — Carriage- tariff at the hotels.
Auerhach (330 ftj, a picturesque village of 2400 inhab., men-
tioned as early as 795, is a favourite summer-resort, and affords
good headquarters for excursions in the W. part of the Odenwald.
Good wine is produced in the neighbourhood, the best quality being
called Rottwein.
The *Auerhacher Schloss is situated on an eminence (1135 ft.;
inn) to the N.E. of the village, whence footpaths ascend on the
S. and W. sides of the hill in V2-'/4 ^^' ^^^ carriage-road leading
through the HochstStter-Tal skirts the S. and E. sides. Said to
have been founded by Charlemagne, the castle appears after 1257
as a fortress of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen, held at first as a fief
of the monastery of Lorsch (p. 257), and then of the Electorate of
Mayence. The present building dates from the 15th cent. ; in 1674
it was blown up by Turenne. The view from the towers is less ex-
tensive but more picturesque than that from the Melibokus. — A
little to the "W., below the Notgottes-Sattel, the foundations of the
ancient Capelle zur Heiligen Not Oottes were discovered in 1692,
and the site of the altar marked by a new crucifix. From Auerhach
the *Neue Weg', which diverges to the left from the path to the
castle at the upper end of the village, leads thither in 3/^ hr.
Envikons. One of the prettiest points near Auerhach is the Ffirsten-
lager, a small chateau built daring the 18th century by the Landgraves of
Hesse, and enlarged by Lewis I. (p. 252), with charming grounds. Coffee
and milk may be had at the chiteau. It may be reached by the road in
20 min. from the *Krone' inn, or (pleasanter) by following the path to the
right indicated by the finger-post opposite the inn. — The walk from the
Auerbacher Schloss to the Fiirstenlager is also pleasant: we follow the
bt-oad road to the B. as far as the (exhausted) mineral spring in the Hoch'
8lStter-Tal (refreshments at the forester^'s), pass the mill, and turn to the
W. to the yeun Aussiehten (*nine views'), a clearing in the wood, where
nine different picturesque views are obtained through the nine forest-paths
which converge here. Farther on we reach the Fiirstenlager (IV4 hr. in
all). — About Vs hr. to the E. of the Furstenlager lies SchOhberg (p.|260).
to Heidelberg. WEINHEIM. Map,p.258, — 30. R, 257
3OV2 M. Benslieim (330 ft. ; Renter's Hotel, at the station, R.
1 V2-2V21 B- ^A ^ ; DeuUehes Haus, good) is a busy town (8200 In-
hab.) in a plctnresqne situation at the entrance of the Lcniter-Tal,
through which the road ascends to Schonberg and Reichenbach
(p. 260). It dates as far back as the 8th century, and till 1802
belonged to Mayence. The two churches, Roman Catholic and Pro-
testant, are modem.
Fbom Bjbnshkim to Wobms, iA M., railway in about 8/4 hr. — 3 M. Lortoh
(4000 inhab. ; ffdM Sartmann), on tbe Wetchnitz^ with ruins of a monastery
( Laureshamense Afonasterium), founded in 763 on an island in the Weschnitz
and afteifwards removed to its present site. In 788 Charlemagne assigned
it as a place of banishment to Tassilo , Duke of Bavaria , who had been
condemned to death as a traitor. To the E. of the Markt-Platz, 1/4 br. from
the station, is the MiehaeU - Kapelle, which is now recognized as the
monastery-portal erected by Lewis the Younger, the son of Lewis the
German, about 880 in the style of a Roman triumphal arch. This build-
ing, now used as a chapel, is one of the most elegant and best-pre-
served specimens of the architecture of the period. It is oblong in form,
with a high-pitched roof and a round apse (now used for the staircase
only). The two stories are separated by a leaf-pattern frieze resting on
four composite columns. On the long sides large round-headed arches have
been cut between the pilasters, but the upper story seems to be in its
original condition. This story is adorned with an arcade of ninetriangular-
hesuled arches resting on Ionic pilasters. The flat surfaces of both stories
are covered with a rough kina of mosaic work , in alternate squares of
white and red. The interior has been much modernized. Lewis the German
and his son, and Eanigunde, wife of Emp. Conrad I., are interred at Lorsch.
Their stone coffins seem to belong to the Carlovingian era. The Nibe-
luBgen-Lied represents the vaults at Lorsch as the burial-place of Sieg-
fried and Queen Ute (mother of Chriemhilde). Beyond the chapel are
some portions of the nave of the convent-church, which was consecrated
in 1130.
• SM.BUrstadt (p. 250); iOy% V, Ho/heim im Ried, and thence to Worms ,
see p. 255.
Near (33V2 M.) Heppenheim (328 ft.; Halher Mond; Darm-
stadter Hof; 6373 inhab.), to the left of the road, rises the Landberg,
a hill crowned with three trees, where the provincial tribunals were
held in the middle ages. The new domed church at Heppenheim
occupies the site of one said to have been founded by Charlemagne.
The ruin of Starkenburg (965 ft.) is reached by a good path from
Heppenheim in V2 br. It was erected in 1064 by an abbot of Lorsch,
captured by the Swedes and Spaniards in the Thirty Tears' War, and
besieged in vain by Turenne in 1674. It gives its name to a province of
Hesse. Fine view from the lofty square tower. — Branch-line to Lorsch
(3V2 M, \ see above).
The train now enters the dominions of Baden. 35 M. Lauden-
bcieh. Beyond (36i/2 M.) Hemsbaeh we cross the small Weschnttz.
39V2 ^' Weinheim. — Hotels. PfAlzbb Hop, a well-known house,
with large garden. B. iy2-2, pens. 4-5 UV; Vieb JAHBBSzKiTBif, in the town,
R. lV»-2, B. "A, I>- IV4-2 UT; Pbinz Wilhblm, at the station, R. IV2-2,
B. V« Jf.
Weinheim (355 ft.), a leather-making town of 12,636 inhab.,
lies at the union of the Oorxheim and Birkenau valleys. It onee
belonged to the Abbey of Lorsch, and is of ancient origin , though
owing to its destruction during the Thirty Years' War and in the
Babdbkbb's Rhine. 16th Edit. 17
258 Route 30. LADENBURG.
devastation of the Palatinate in 1689, there are few old buildings of
any importance. A few towers belonging to the former fortifications,
the House of the Teutonic Order (now a custom-house), and the
Qothio Raihatu are the only relics of its former prosperity. The
Gothic towers of the Roman Catholic Church and of the Berkhdm"
sche Schlosa are modern, as also the Rodenstdn-Brunnen in the
Bahnhof-Strasse. — To the E. rises the old castle of Windeck (720 ft.),
with its high conical *Bergfried' tower (p. 128), mentioned as early
as the 12th cent., and later the property of the Palatinate, com-
manding a beautiful view. Pleasant walks may also be taJLen to
the Fuchsen-MuMe (garden-iestaurant) in the Bifkenauer-TcUj the
Oorxhdmer-Talj i^Q Kastanienwald, the Wachenherg (1320 ft.),
Qeieraberg (1120 ft.), Hirschkopf (1U5 ft.), etc.
Fbom Wbimhkim to Heidelbebo, IOV2 My, steam-tramway in IV4 !»'•
along tbe Bergstrasse. 2 M. LUttel - SaeJuen (Traube). known for its red
wine ; 2Vs M. Orou-Sachien (Zahringer Hof ; also rail, stat., see below) ;
31/3 M. Leutershausenf 6V2 M. Sohriesheim (DeuUcher KaUer), commanded
by tbe ruins of tbe StraMenbvrg (670 ft.; inn). Tben past tbe former
stronghold of Schauenlburg to (T^/t M.) Dotienheim^ with quarries of red
porphyry. — 8Vs M. Handaohuohsheim {BadUcher Eof; Krone; electric tram-
way, see p. 266), mnch visited by Heidelberg students, with a ruined castle
and an old church. The line passes over the new Ifeekar bridge and
reaches its terminns in the Bismarck-Flatt at (IO1/2 M.) SHdelberff (p. 265).
Fbom Wbinheim to Mannhbim, iCfih M., steam-tramway via K^ferthal
(p. 250).
Railway from WHnkeim to FUrth^ see p. 261.
43 M. Oross-Sachsen (see above). — 46 M. Ladenburg (Rose),
the Roman Lopodunum, to which the walls and towers , and the
old Gothic church of St, Oallus (14th cent.) give an air of impor-
tance. The Neckar is crossed here by a bridge of red sandstone.
48 M. Friedrichsfeld, where the lines to Heidelberg and Mann-
heim separate. — A branch-line leads hence to (472^.) Schwetzingen
(p. 276).
541/2 M. Heidelberg, see p. 266. — 54 M. Mannheim, see p. 276.
31. The Odenwald.
The Odenwald, a wooded mountain- district lying between Darmstadt
and Heidelbert; and extending on the £. as far as the Main, is about 25 M.
in breadth. Orographically it stands in the same relation to the Haardt
(p. a38) as the Black Forest to the Vosges. The Odenwald presents the
appearance of a sloping plateau, on the W. side of which the older strata
(granite, syenite, red sandstone) are in evidence, while the main mass of
the range is formed of variegated sandstone overlying these. This varie-
gated sandstone nowhere reaches the Rhine valley, except in the 8., where
the Neckar has hollowed out its lateral valley. The W. verge rises some-
what steeply from the plain of the Rhine; its fertile and well cultivated
slopes are known as the Bergstrmte (p. 255). The *Hintere Odenwald^
essentially a wooded district, is less prosperous. The highest points are
the Katzenbnekel (2055 ft., see p. 275). the Neunhirchtr Hdhe (1986 ft., see
p. 260), the Krehberff (1965 ft., see p. 261), the Tromm (1860 ft, see p. 262),
the MelibokuM (1690 ft., see p. 256), and the Feltberg (1645 ft.). This district
is picturesque and interesting at places, although inferior to the Black
Forest. The Odenwald Chtb has constructed paths (map published at Darm-
stadt, 18945 1 Ui^ 70 pf.) and erected belvederes at various points.
FELSBERG. 31. Route. 259
a. Western Portion.
One Dat: From Jugenheim vitl the FeUherg and LindenfeU to FUrih
(p. 262), 6 hrs.
Two Days. First day. as above to lAndenfeli. Second day: by the
Tromm to Waldmichelbtu^ 3Vs hrs., thence by Oher- and Unter-BahOnmatUn-
w(Xff to Eirsd^om i hrs., or ▼!& Schdnau to Neekar$ieinach 5 hrs.
From Jugenheim (p. 255) to the Felsbeig (I72 hr.). Beyond
the chateau of Heiligenberg (see p. 255) we ascend to the right
through the grounds, and, at the finger-post indicating the way
(* Wilhelminenweg^) to the Ftlsherg^ turn to the left round the hill,
whence a pleasing glimpse of the Melibokus is obtained. We next
ascend along the edge of the wood (view of the Anerbacher Schloss)
to the Staff eUr Kreuz (Kuralpe Inn), and then to the right (somewhat
steeper) to the Felsberg (1645 ft. ; *H6tel Felsberg, with de'pendance
at the Forester 8 J R. IY2, pens. 3*/2-4 Jf). The view to the E. em-
braces a great part of the Odenwald, and extends to the Spessart. —
A rough cart-track (finger-posts behind the hotel) leads to (5 min.)
the Altarsteirhy a cubical block of syenite, bearing traces of an
attempt to hew it into lengths for a huge architrave. About 5 min.
lower down , in a small gully , is the RiesensSule , a column of the
same material, 30 ft. in length and 3-4^2 ft. thick, with a notch
IY2 inch deep in the middle. There is no doubt that an old Rom-
an quarry once existed here, which perhaps also furnished the
columns on the Schlossbrunnen at Heidelberg (p. 271). The FeUen-
meet (*sea of rocks'), on the side of the road, below the Riesen-
saule, consists of blocks of syenite scattered in huge and confused
masses, covering, an area of 500 paces by 200. — A path, indicated
by hlue marks, descends past the Felsenmeer to Reichenbach
(p. 260) in less than 3/^ hr.
Fboh the Mklibokdb to the Felsbebg is a walk of nearly IV2 hr.
The path (blue marks) ascends on the E. side of the hill (to the right the
'Neankrummweg\ see below) to the saddle separating the Balkhaaser-Tal
from the Hochst'atter-Tal, and then follows the l^.W. flank of the Felsberg.
Ascent of the Felsbbbo fbom Auebbach (p. 256), 2-2V2 hrs. One
path (to the left as we quit the village ; red and white marks) leads vi&
HochiUUUn^ another (yellow marks) vi& the FUrtienlager (p. 256). The
return should be made by the pictnresqne path leading towards the Meli-
bokus (see above; blue marks) until we reach the Keunkriimmweg. We
then follow the latter, on the height above the Hochstatter-Tal to the Kot-
gottes-Sattel (p. 256), and then the 'Herrenweg' (blue; p. 256) to the (iVs hr.)
Anerbacher Schloss.
Fbom Fblsbbbo to Lindbnfbls tia thb Nbunkibohbb HdUB,
31/2 ^^8. This IS the route usually chosen by tourists. We take the
aboye-mentloned cart-track to the Altante'm^ but diverge to the left
before reaching this and follow the yellow way-marks to Beedtn-
kkehen, taking care to go straight on heyond the church, and not to
the right (to Lautem). Beyond Beedenldrchen guide-posts indicate
the route to (ca. Va hr.) Brandau (1040 ft.), whence a public vehicle
plies twice daily to Ober-Ramstadt (8 M. j see p. 263). From Brandau
to Neunkirchen we may either take the direct path (white way-
marks) in IV2 hr. ; or choose the longer route (1^/4-2 hrs.) vi& Lutzel-
17*
260 R.31.-^Map,p,258. NEUNKIROHEN. Odenwald.
bach (inn, very fair), near wMch, to the left of the road to Klein-
Bieberau (white and blue way-marks), is a lofty precipice known
as the Wildfrauhaua. — At Nennkiroheii (1680 ft.; OrunerBaumj
very fair) a monument commemorates Herr Ohly, the founder of the
Odenwald Club.
A path indicated by white marks degcends from Neunkirehen and
then ascenda through wood to the (i/zhr.) ^Weinweg* (see below), whence*^
it again descends to the (1/2 br.) ruin and farm of Eodenstein (p. 263).
An easy path (red way-marks) ascends from Neunkirchen to the
(1/2 hr.) top of the Neunkircher Hohe (1985 ft.), the highest point
in the Hessian Odenwald, with a view-tower (79 ft. ; 20 pf.) com-
manding an extensive survey as far as the Haardt, Taunus, Vogels-
berg, and Spessart. A path (green marks), rough at first, descends
hence to the S. to the road and (35 min.) Winterkatten and thence,
passing the pavilion on the Litzelrddevy to (35 min.) Lindenfels
(p. 261).
Amongst the other paths radiating in all directions from the Neun-
kircher Hohe one (yellow and blue marks) leads to the S.W. to (8/4 hr.)
Oadernheitn (see below)} and another (yellow) to the K.B. vi& FrHheii (a
little beyond which, to the left, above, is the Wildweibchenstein) to (li/shr.)
Bodenstein (p. 263) and (3/4 hr.) ITonrod. From the latter path, about
20 min. from the Neunkircher Hohe, the Weinweff (see above; red and
white triangular marks) divex^es to the left and ImmIs through wood to
the (IV4 hr.) saddle above Nonrod (fine view) and thence to (1^^ hr. more)
Gross- Bieberau (p. 263).
High Road from Bensheim to Lindenfels, 11 M., motor-om-
nibus twice daily in summer in 1 hr. The road ascends the valley
of the Lauter to (1^/4 M. from Bensheim) Schonberg (Sonne;
Traube)^ a village with a chiteau of Count Erbach - Schonberg.
Fine view from the garden of the chateau and from the village-
church. — Thence we proceed via Wilmahausen and ElnUhau$en to
(21/2 M. farther) Eeiphenbacli (625 ft.; Traube), a village of 1600
Inhab., with a war-monument and a fountain in the market-place
formed of hewn blocks of syenite from the Felsbeig (p. 259). The
way to the (1 hr.) Felsberg, past the monument, to the right, is
indicated by a guide-post.
The road now ascends the gradually contracting valley, past the
ultramarine works of Lautem, to (21/2 M.) Ghtdernheim (1155 ft. ;
Rettich's Inn) and, past Schmidt's Inn, to (IV4 M.) Kolmhach
(1340 ft.), and finally crosses the Kolmbacher Hohe (1475 ft.;
fine view) to (3 M.) Lindenfels.
A shorter footpath (IV4 hr. ; blue marks) diverges to the left from the
Lindenfels highroad to the E. of Reichenbach, and joins the road leading
to Count Erbach'8 farm of SohenttHn. At the (V2 H.) Mohe JXHn^ a quarts
crag projecting from the woods (beside which is a memorial stone to Prince
Alexander of Bulgaria), we diverge once more to the left, and, beyond
Unter-Raidilbciehy we rejoin the highroad at a point between Gadernlieim
and Kolmhach.
Khoden, where the key of the view-tower on the hill (1755 ft j^ Is to
be obtained at Reinig's Inn, lies '/i br. to the S. of the farm of Hohen-
stein, IVa hr. to the E. of Sehdnberg (via Oronau and Schrcmntnbaeh), and
Odenwald, LINDENFELS. Afajp,p.255. — 3/.B. 261
1/4 hr. to the S.W. of Gadernheim. To the S. of Enoden is the wooded
Krehberff (1966 ft.).
LindexileU. — Hotels.. ^Hbssisohbs ILa.u8, with shady garden, in the
town, R. IVr^i B* V*) P®°>* '^V*'^ •^> ViGTOBiA, in the Bensheimer-Str.,
ontside the town to the K., in an open,' sunny situation; OoENWiXD, Harfb,
both in the town, thme three also good, pens- 1-6 J(; Tkaubb, Dabmstadter
Hop, to the 8., both plain. — Villa Maria (for invalids; Dr. Schmidt);
Db. Weisskamn^s Lodging Hoobe, opposite the Hessische Haus, with pretty
view, for ladies, pens. 4-6 J( ; Pens. Einsiedel, well spoken of.
Lindenfels (1170 ft.), a favourite summer-resort (1600 inhal).),
the finest point in the Odenwald, with a modern Prot. churcli and
an older Rom. Cath. church, is picturesquely situated on an
eminence. It Is surrounded by the remains of old fortifications
and is commanded by a large ruined Chdteau (1310 ft.) , formerly
the property of the Palatinate. — On the beautiful wooded hill 1 M.
to the E. is the Ludwigshohe, a small wooden temple commanding
a fine view. Towards the E., the prospect is more extensive from
a point 74 ^^- higher up. — Attractive views are also obtained from
the KaroUnen^Tempel, ^k^^- ^ ^^ N.W. of Lindenfels, in the
*Buch', above the road to Kolmbach and Qademheim, and from the
Litselroder^ 20 min. by a path diverging from the Bensheim road
opposite the H6tel Victoria.
From Lindenfels to Heppenheim, about 9 M., pleasant footpath (red
and white way-marks). We take the path descending to the left at the
last house before the gate of the ch&teau, and then the third path on the
right. Beyond Eulsba^ we climb to the top of the hill on the other
side of the valley and at the beginning of the wood turn to the left to
(^4 hr.) Brlenbach and (V2 hr.) Mitiershatuen ^ a little beyond which we
strike the highroad from Fttrth to Heppenheim. Following this over the
saddle, we then take the path through the meadows on the left to (V4 hr.)
KifsOkhatuen and in ^4 hr. more reach Heppenheim (p. 267). A guide-post
just beyond Kirschhausen indicates the route to the right to the Starken-
Durg (p. 267).
From Lindenfels to F6bth, highroad, see p. 262. A shorter footpath
(green and white way -marks) descends to the S. from Lindenfels, enters
the (10 min.) wood to the left, (25 min. farther) crosses a fir-clad eminence
(avoid the path to the left here), and reaches Fiirth in 10 min. more.
F&OBi Wbinhbim to FtJBTH, 10 M. , branch - railway In about
1 hour. — Weinheim, see p. 267. The train passes the station Bir^
kenauer Tal and ascends the picturesque valley, which is watered
by the Weachnitt, — 2V2 M. Birkenau^ a village with 1900 inhab.,
possesses a Prot. and a Rom. Oath, church, and a chateau and park
of Baron von Wambolt. — S^/2 M. Reissen, — 6^/2 M. MorUnbach
(Krone), wit* 1050 inhabitants.
From MOrlbnbaoh to Wahlbn, 10 M., railway in ca. 1 hr. — 2 M. Weiher ;
5M. ^eidach', 6 M. Waldmiehelbach (see below); 7M. i;nter'Waldnichelbach\
772 M. AtchbaehiSi/2 M. Afolterbach. — 10 M. Wahlen:
WaldmiehelDach (1216 ft. { Odenwald, pens. 8-4 J(; Stark enburgj pens.
3-4 Uif), a picturesquely situated little town (pop. 2063), and a capital
centre for excursions. Fine view from the Schimmelberg (1640 ft.), 1 hr.
to the N.W. (blue and white marks), near Stallenkandel on the highroad,
3 M. from Zotzenbach (p. 262; blue marks). — To Hirschhorn (p. 275),
12Vs M., a diligence plies once a day from Waldmiehelbach via SchOnmatten-
wag (Hirsch Inn at iJnteriSchdnmattenwag), Heddetbach. and Langenthal.
262 BouU31. FtJrRTH. Odenwald.
Another path, marked hy white wheels, leads from Waldmichelbach
to (1 hr.) Siedeltbrunn (Horgenstem). Thence we may eontinne to follow
the same path yi& Olmr-AbttAMeh^ Unfr-AbttHnaeh, the Eichetbrn-g (1730 ft.))
the Schriesheimerho/^ and the HocMraut to (&/a hrt,) Heidelberg. Or we
may take the path indicated by bine marks to (SV* hrs.) Heihgkrttat-
SUinach (Lowe), whence another (red circles) leads to (1 hr.) ach9na% (p. 274)
and Ifeekarsteinaeh (p. 274).
7 M. Zotzenbaeh^ Vs M- ^^ *^6 village of that name. — 8 M.
Simbaoh (^Deutscher KaUer, very fair) is a village with 1800 in-
habitants. — 91/2 M. Lorzenbach- Fahrenbach. — 10 M. Fnrth
(620 ft. ; AdUfy very fair), with 1450 inhab., 41/2 M. by road from
Lindenfels (p. 261) vi^ Krumbach (two -horse carriage 6 Jf), and
ahoat 3 M. by the footpath (white and green marks).
Paths ascend from Rimbach (white triangular way-marks) and from
Fiirth (green and white marks) to the S.E. to the (IV2 hr.) top of the
Tromm (1860 ft.), which commands an extensive view (belvedere on the
top; key at the Inn tur Schdnen Auttichi). We then proceed to the 8.
(green and white marks), passing several hovels, and at the point where
the path enters an oak-plantation descend to the right to Gadem. Hence
the route leads through a pleasant valley to (iV4 br.) Waldmichelbaeh (p. 261).
b. Eastern Fortioii.
Fbom Fbankpoet to Ebkbbaoh, 66 M., in 3-4 hrs. (fares 8 •# 60, 6 Uif 40,
4 •# 30 pf.). — Feom Darmstadt to Wiebelsbach, 17i/a M., in 1 hr. (fares
2 •# 30, 1 ur 70, 1 •# 20 pf.)} at Wiebelsbach the two lines unite.
Frankfort^ see p. 223 ; departure from the E. station. — 3 M.
Mainkur, About 2 M. to the N., on the hill, is Bergen (Znr SchSnen
Aussicht, a garden-restaurant), a favourite resort of the Frankforters.
To the N., on the road to Vilbel (p. 240), are the Bergener Warie
(view) and the battlefield where Marshal Broglie defeated the Prus-
sians under the Duke of Brunswick in 1759. — To the right, on
the other side of the Main, are the village and chtteau of JStimpen-
heim. — 6 M. Hochsiadt-Ddmigheim, 8*/, M, Wilhelmsbad, another
favourite resort of the. Frankforters , neai which Is a Bismardi
column (1905).
10 M. Hanau, W. station; 11 M. Hanau, E. station (*Re8ton-
rant), the junction for the express-trains from Frankfort and Stutt-
gart to Berlin. Hanau (Adler, R. 21/2-5, B. 1 Jf, well spoken o£;
Rieae)^ situated near the confluence of the Kinzig and the Main, is
a pleasant-looking town with 31,687 inhab. and flourishing manu-
factures of trinkets and tobacco. In the Neustadter Maiktplatz Is «
monument to the brothers Orimm^ who were bom here (1786 and
1786). On the Main lies the chiteau of PhiUpparuhtf belonging to
the Landgrave of Hesse.
The Odenwald railway now crosses the Main. — 13 M. Klein^
Auheim; 14 M. Hainstadt — I71/2 M. Seligenstadt, a small town
with 4100 inhab., owes its name to a celebrated Benedictine abbey
founded about 828 by Eginhard , the biographer of Charlemagne.
The church has been entirely modernised in appearance, and few
traces of the original building have been left.
Odenwald. REIOHELSHEIM. 31. RouU. 263
23 V2 ^* Bdbehhauaen J the junctioii of the Darmstadt and
Asehaffenburg railway. The Protestant church, an edifice in the
Transition style with a late-Gothic choir and aisle, contains some
interesting monnments of the Counts of Hanau and a late-Gothic
carred altar of 1618. — 26 M. Langstadt; 28 M. KUin-Umatadt ;
301/2 M. OrosB'VfMtadt; 33 M. Wiebelsbach-Heuhach (see below).
Darmstadt, see p. 251. Beyond (21/2 ^*) ^^^ ^- Station (p. 254 ;
branch -line to Grosszimmern) the line traverses extensive woods.
— 51/2 M. Nieder-Ramstadt' Traisa, We skirt the little Modau. —
7V2 M. Obtr-RarMtadl (Wiener's Inn; to Brandau, see p. 259);
10 M. Zdlhard, — I2V2 M. Reihheim (528 ft. ; DarmstSdter Hof),
an old town with 1900 inhab., on the Oersprenz^ is the junction for
Offenbach (231/2 M., in 2-2V2 Ji's.) and for Reichelsheim.
FsoM Bbinhbim to Reichelsheim, 11 M., railway in about 1 hr. (fares
1 Jl iO, 75 pf.). The line follows the busy Qersprent-Tal. — IV4 M.
Ctrou-Bitiberau (Post), with 1660 inhab^, whence several footpaths lead vi&
the Keankircher Hdhe to Llndenfels in 3-4 hrs. — 7 M. meder-KaiMiibach
is the station for FrdnkUeh-CrunUxieh (Hdrr sum Rodenstein), a market-
town >/« H. to the S.W., with a chateau. To the 8.E. of Nieder-Eains-
bach, overlooking the Kainihacher-Tal ^ is the (IVs M.) ruined castle of
ScknelUrts (see below). — 11 M. Eeichelaheim (755 ft. \ Qoldmer J^el ; Bwan ;
Adler). a prettily-situated village, commanded by the ruin of Reichenberg
(1075 ft.). In a sequestered hilly and wooded region, V4 ^t^- to the N.W. of
this point, rises the ruined castle of Rodenstein^ from which, according to
the popular legend, when a war is about to break out, the Wild Hunts-
man and his train gallop with fearful din to the castle of Schnellerts
(see above). — From Reichelsheim to Linden/els, 6 M. (diligence daily).
I5V2 M. Lengfeld (660 ft; Krone> At the top of the Ottberg
(1206 ft ; 40 min.), round which lies the little town of Hering,
is the old castle of that name, with a massive tower (extensive view).
I7Y2 M. WiebeUbaeh'Heubaeh, where the line unites with that
from Frankfort (see above).
36V2 M. (from Frankfort) Hochst (520 ft. ; Post, very fair, R.
11/2-2, B. 1/2 Jf ; Burg Brtubtrg\ a town with 1900 inhab., lies in
the valley of the Mumling^ which the train now ascends to Erbach.
About 2V« M. lower down the pleasant Miimling-Tal (diligence twice
a day) lies Netutadt (Zum Ochsen), above which rises the imposing, partly
ruined castle of Breuherg (1000 ft. ; restaurant). — A marked path leads
from Keustadt to (2Vs hrs.) WOrth,
38 M. Mumling-Qrumbach; 4O1/2 M. ^onip (Bfichner); 42 M.
Zell'Kirchbrombach, The valley contracts. To the right, farther on,
is Sohloss Ftlrstenau (p. 264).
44V2 M. Miehelitadt (680 ft. ; *H6tel Friedrich, R. IV2-2, B. 8/4,
pens, from 31/2 Jf; Ldwe^ in the market-place ; Alt-Deutscher Hof;
Furatenauet Hof)j a town with 3433 inhab., mentioned in history
as early as 741, lies in one of the prettiest parts of the Mflmling-
Tal. The late-Gothic Parish Church contains monuments of the
Counts of Erbach and an old library. The Rathaus (1484) and
some other buildings are interesting examples of timber-archi-
264 RouUSL — Map^p.SeS. ERBAOH. Odtnwald,
tectnre. The Market Fountain dates from 1541. A few relics of the
old fortifications still exist. Near the station is Dr. Qiggdberger's
Hydropathic Establishment, — About ^4 M. to the N. of the station
is Schloss FiirstenaUf partly built before 1270) with four towers and
a shady park, which has been the seat of the Counts of Erbach-
Ftirstenau since the 14th century. To the W., at the beginning of
the village of Steinbach^ are the remains of an interesting convent-
church, founded by Eginhard (p. 262) In 827. The nave, the apse,
the smaller apse of the N. transept, and part of the crypt are pre-
served. — Marked paths lead to many fine points of view in the
environs, such as the Hermannsberg, the Adalbertshohe, and the
Larmfeuer (990 ft. ; 3/^ hr. to the W.).
From Michelstadt a road ascends to the £. , passing Dor/ Erbadk and
(41/8 M.) Count Erbach's shooting-box EuWach, with its fine deer-park, to
(71/2 M.) Amorbach. In the park of Eulbach the remains of lake-dwellings
discovered here and at W^ttherg^ 8 M. to the S., have been re-erected. —
Amorbaoh ^ ft. ; BadisOter Ho/, R. IV4, B. >/< •^; Po*t, both very fair), a
town with 2260 inhab., is the junction of railways to Aschafl*enburg and
to Walldiirn and Seckach. It is the residence of Prince Leiningen^^ and
contains a suppressed Benedictine abbey, the church of which (now Prot.)
has two Romanesc^ue towers and a nave rebuilt in the 18th century. In the
convent building is a fine rococo library hall. In the neighbourhood are
several Roman camps. — From Amorbach a diligence runs daily to (18 M.)
KaUbach (p. 266), via Emstthal (Prina Ernst, B. lVs-2V«, B. 1 UT), IV2 M.
from which is WcUd-LeiMngen, a modern chateau in the English-Gothic
style, with a deer-park. Pedestrians should select the red-marked path vi&
(IVi hr.) the WildefOmrg (or Wilden/eU)^ one of the most important ruins
in the Odenwald, about l>/4 hr. from Brnstthal. A pleasant walk may also be
taken from Kailbach or Emstthal via Bduardithal, RetMenbctch, Maibm,
Katxenbaeh, and the Kateenlmckel (p. 275) to Bberbach.
Fbom Amosbauh to Miltbnbebo, 6V« M., railway In V« hr. — l»/4 M
WHlhaeh (Engel).
61/s M. MUtenberg (Engel; RUse), a busy little town with 3900 inhab.,
charmingly situated on the Main^ with extensive quarries of red sand-
stone, which were known to the Romans. The old Chdteau of the Electors
of Mayence, built in the 15th cent, and destroyed by Albert of Branden-
burg in 1562, has been recently restored (private property). The town
contains several curious timber-dwellings (e. g. the ^Riese' Inn) and gate-
towers. — Lower down the river, on tbe right bank lies the Franciscan
monastery of EngeUberg (view), and opposite it Kleinheubach with a ch&teau.
In the woods, to the W. of Miltenberg, are the so-called Heune»'8dukn
(^columns of the Huns'), twelve gigantic columns of syenite, the remains
of a quarry of the Roman period, which appears to have been suddenly
abandoned. — Prom Miltenberg to Azchaffwhurg, see Baedeker't Sot^hern
Oermany.
47 M. Erbach(720 ft. ; ^SchiUzenhof; Odenwald^ very fair; Adler^
unpretending), a town with 2980 inhab., situated in the Miimling-
Tal, is the principal place in the dominions of Count Erbach. The
Sehloss, rebuilt in the Renaissance style in the 16th cent, on the
site of a very ancient castle, and freq^uently restored, contains an
interesting collection of armour, old fire-arms, valuable stained glass
of the 13-17th cent., Etruscan vases, and other antiquities (the
upper rooms, containing the antiquities, closed in winter; catalogue
50 pf.). In the court is a statue of Count Franz von Erbach (d. 1823),
the founder of the collections. In the chapel is a stone Sarcophagus
HEIDELBERG. 32. Route, 266
of the 13th or 14th cent, which once held the remains of Eginhard
(d. 840; p. 262) and his wife Emma (d. 836), brought from the
church pf Seligenstadt in 1810 (fee 75 pf.).
The train now crosses the MQmling and gradually ascends the
E. side of the valley, high aboYe the river. Near (51*72 M.) Hetz^
hack it traverses the Himbdchel Viaductj 820 ft. long and 145 ft.
high. From Hetzbach (968 ft) a branch-line runs to the little in-
dustrial town of Beerfelden (1300 ft.; Traube, R. 1-1 V2» B- ^/4»
D. 1^2 Jf)i 3 M. to the S.W., whence the picturesque Oammels^
backer Tal stretches down to the Neckar. — Our line penetrates the
Krdhberg by a tunnel 2 M. long and follows the winding course of
the met, 6Ay2^- SchoUenbach; 5772^. Kailbach (p. 264);
61 V2 M. OaimiihU (to the Katzenbuckel IV4 hr., see p. 275). —
66 M. Ebcrbach, see p. 275.
32. Heidelberg and the Valley of the Neckar.
The Railway SUtion (366 ft.; BestavraiUj D. 2 J() is on the W. side
of the town. The qnick trains alone have through-curriages. The Neekar-
Tal line has a second station at the KarUtor; see p. 274.
Hotels. Near the Station: ''Hotel db L'EDaoPK (PI. a), in the Leopold-Str.,
with garden, B. 4-6, B. ii/s, J>. at 1 p.m. 4, pens. 9Vt-l2 Jff *Gkand-
UdTEL (PI. g), BohrbaeberStx. 11, also with garden, R. from 3 Jf^ B, 1 Jf
20 pf., D. aVsy pens, from VhJf; *Vicxoeia (PI. £), Leopold-Str. 6, wilh
veranda, R. MO, B. IV4, D. at 1p.m. 3i/s, pens, from hj(f Schrikdeb
(PI. b), at the station, R. 21/3-4, B. IV4, D. 3Vs^ pens, from 7 Jf; M^tbopole,
Anlage 22, R. from 2, B. IV4, pens, from 6 Ulf. — Dabmbtadtbb Hof (PI. i),
near the Bismarck Garden, very fair, R. 2V4 3, B. 1, D. 2V», pens, from
5V2 Uff tlie following with restaurants : *H6t.-Pens. Lang (PI. D, Rthrbacher-
Str. 13, near the station, R. 2V»-4, B. 1, D. 2V«, pens. 5-8 Jf; Baybischeb
Hof (PI. h), Rohrbacher-Str. 2, near the station, R. 2-81/2, B. 1, pens, from
6 J(\ Heidelbbbgbr Hof, Wrede-Platz (p. 267), R. IVa 3, B. »/4, pens. i6Jf;
HdT. Habbbe a Pehs. Bead-S^jocb, Anlage 8*2 & 89, with American bar,
R. 2-4, B. »/4i D, 2, pens, from 6 Jf; Reichspost, next the post-office, R.
21/2-4, B. 1, D. lVr2V«Uir; very fair.
Jn the Town (1 M. from the station) : •Pbinz Kabl (PI. c), in the Korn-
markt (p. 268), an old-esUblished house, R. 8-6, B. IV4, I>. 3V«, pens, from
7V2 Uf' — With restaurants: Adlbb (PI. d), in the Kommarkt; H^tel
ZDM RiTTBB (PI. k; p. 268), R. 2-6, B. 1 Jf, well spoken of; Badischeb
Hop, Haupt-Str. 113; Silbebnbb Hibsch, in the market-place, good wine
from the cask, R. 1 ulf 40 pf.-3, B. 8/^ Jf.^ Pbinz Max, Marstall-Str., R. IVz-S,
B. Vs-^i HoLLAKPiscHEB HoP, by the old bridge, R. lV2-2i/e, B. *UJl^
both plain. — Pebkeo, Haupt-Str. 75, h6tel garni, R. lV«-3, B. «/4 J(.
On th€ Bill, behind the Cattle: 'ScHLoss-HdxEL (p. 272), commanding a
Qne view, i5rstrclat*t, umn. fn^oa the station 1 Jf (closed in winter) ; Bbllevde,
beSon^iiiE to the jsaim> coc^patiy, R. 2-10 UK, B. 1 «# 30 pf., D. 4, omn.
1V< -*►■ *Sutu,o3»!AiiK lh}^¥u i' Pension. Wolfsbrunnenweg 12, a little
higher up, R, a-4, B. 1, D 3, pens. 7-9 Jf. — •Kohlhof (p. 273), reached
from ib« sutloa by cab in l"/i hr. (10 Jf).
On tAa tiyiit Bffnk P/ thu' Sfckar: Soheffelhaus, R. 2, B. V4 »S.
Fen4iont. FMrnion Ir.timationale & Anglaise (EnglithL Anlage 8-10
Ipftus. ^IJf]., iKFranft, .^ula^e 51a (81/2 - 51/2 UlOi Schildecker, cor. of the
flOek -Stt. aad TJiealer Str. {from 3V« ^)5 OontinentaU, Anlage 30 (Ir8 JT)?
ftota, Aala^B 24 (4-flyj -*>^ AU-Heidelbn-g, Bohrbacher Str. 29i Primotole^
RUd'Sir. 3 iR. from % ytt.^ U\ Jf)-, Spitz, Schlierbach Road 166 (R. V/%-2,
pena. A'/t-6*/i Jf); KarUii^r^ H»upt-Str. 248 (4-B Jf); QuUiiana, Blumen-
Str^ 9, at KeQRnUeiiti ({k Q73j English; pens. 4-6 Jf).
266 BouU32, HEIDELBEEG. Practical NoUs.
EMtaaranti. *Perke6 (p. 266), D. from 11/4 Jff Roter ffakn, Haupt-
Str. Mr, SkuUhalU (p. 278), and SttuUgartm^ in the Anlage (concerts in tlie
evening); Bodentteinery Haupt-Str. 118 and Sandgasse; I/uxho/^ Haupt-
Str. 24. — Wine-Koonu. Goldene Gtr$U, Haupt-Str. 93; Baditcht Wtii^
stube (restaurant), Haupt-Str. 11. — *B€hermen!' Luneh«<m Roonu, H»upt-
Str. 71. — Open-air Beatauranta. Bremeneek, in the new Sohloss-Str., beaide
the cable-railway ; "Sehlou-Restaurant (p. 272). D. 2-3 Jff Schiff^ beyond the
new bridge; Waldhom (Schefielhaas, see p. 265).
Oaf6s. Oafi JnwMaL Wrede-Platz; HOberUin^ Leopold -Str. 85, both
in the Anlage (p. 267) •, Thecare Cafi^ Theater-Str. 2a.
Gaba (all with two horsea). For a drive within the town, or beyond
the bridges to Keuenheim: 1 pers. 60, 2 pers. 90, 3 pers. 1 «# 5, 4 pers.
1 «# 20 pf. ; between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. double fares ■, each heavy box
25 pf. — By time: per 1/4 hr. 60, 90, 1 UIT 5, 1 UT 20 pf. ; each addtt. 1/4 br.,
40, 50, 60, 70 pf. — TaxaneUr Cab». with 4 seats : in the town, 1000 metres
50 pf., each addit. 500 metres 10 pf. ; at night and on the hill, 200 metres
50 pf., each addit. 100 metres 10 pf. — To the Cuttle (direct) 1-4 pers.
2 ur, there and back 4 j$; 8ehlots-mM 8 UT SO pf., there and back 4 UT;
Cattle and Molkenkur 5, there and back6Ulf; Cattle^ Molkeniur, And Wolf s-
brunnen 1 or SJf; Cattle^ Molkenkur , and KonigetuhL 12 orl4«#; KoUhof^
10 or 12 ur.
Sleotrio Tramway (10-40 pf.) from the principal station by the Haupt-
Strasse and Eommarkt (station of the eastle-railway) to the Karlstor station
(p. 268); from the Schlaefathaua by the Bergheimer Strasae and Bismarck,
Platz to Handschuchsheim ; from the principal railway station toWiesloch
(p. 856), and to the Cemetery (p. 274).
Cable Railway from the Korwmarkt (p. 263) to the Ctutle in 8 min.
(station lb yds. from the entrance) and to tibe Molkenkur in 8 min. more
(fare to the Sehloss Station 35, to the Molkenkur 70 pf., return-fares Vs)
1 Jl). Trains run everv V4-V« ^^' Several tunnels.
Batiia. Plock^8tr.32} river-baths in the Neckar, between the bridges.
Post and Telegraph Of&ee (PI. 9), opposite the station.
Beading Boom, with English newspapers, at 0. PeUer\ Leopold-Str. 5.
English Church, PlSck-Strasse 46 (300 seats) ; services at 8 a.m., 11 a.m.
and 5.30 p.m. Chaplain, Rev. E. T, Birdy Anlage 34.
Principal Attractions (i/s day). We proceed from the rail, station
through the Leopold-Str. to 8t. PeterU and by the Schloss-Str. to the Castle
(}/t hr.). Or we may take the tramway to the Eommarkt and the cable-
railway to the Castle. An inspection of the Castle takes 1 hr. at least. We
next walk (20 min.) or take the cable-railway to the Molkenkur. We then
descend via the Eommarkt (}/% hr.) and the Heilig-Geiat-Eirche to the Old
Neckar Bridge^ and follow the right bank to the New Bridge^ which crosses
to. the station ("A hr.). — In summer the Castle is often illuminated soon
after dark ; it is best seen from the right bank of the Keckar between the
two bridges (cab 8 M).
Heidelberg, with 49,150 Inhab. (15,000 Rom. Oath.), is situated
on the Neckar J at the point where that river debouches from the
Odenwald in the plain of the Rhine. Few towns can yie with it in
the beauty of its environs and its historical interest. Goniad of
Uohenstaufen, who became Count Palatine of the Rhine In 1155,
selected Heidelberg as his principal residence, and under him and
his successors the insignificant little place soon became a town
of considerable importance. It continued to be the capital of tho
Palatinate for nearly five centuries, until the Elector Charles Philip
in 1721, owing to ecclesiastloal differences with the Protestant
citizens, transferred his seat to Mannheim. Since 1802 Heidelberg
has belonged to the grand-duchy of Baden.
XJniver$Uy. HEIDELBERG. 32. Route. 267
The old town of Heidelberg is squeezed in between the castle-
hiU and the Neckar, and consists mainly of the so-called Haupt-
StrassCy a street about 1^4 M. long. The newer residential quarters
are built on the W. slope of the Geisberg and in the valley, partly
in the district of Bergheim, which, like Neuenheim (p. 273), dates
back to the Roman period. In this quarter are the Railway Station
and the Post ^ Telegraph Office (PI. 9), opposite each other. On the
riyer are several Medical Institutes and the Botanical Garden of the
University, and lower down the river are factories.
From the Railway Station we may approach the Haupt-Strasse
(tramway p. 266) vi& the Bismarck PlatZj from which the Bismarck
Garden (with a marble bust of the chancellor by Donndorf) extends
to the left to the new bridge (p. 273) ; or we may turn to the right
and follow the Lbopold - Strassb, with the Anlagb, or public
promenade, which is the pleasanter way to the castle for pedestrians.
In front of the Yictoria Hotel is a fountain with a bust of the local
poet K, O, Nadler (d. 1849). Farther on, in the Wrede-Platz, and
near the Chemical Laboratory (PI. 1), is a Statue of the Bavarian
Field MarshalPrince Karl von Wrede(P\, 2 ; 1767-1838) by Bmgger,
erected in 1860.
Near the E. end of the Anlage , on the left, is the Protestant
Church of St. Peter (PI. 3), built at the end of the 15th cent,
and restored in 1865-70, with a fine open-work Gothic tower, several
monuments, and, in the aisles, two pictures by Hans Thoma. —
Opposite, on the other side of the railway, is the Klingentor (see
p. 272), near which is a bust oiKarl Afcte(d. 1877), founder of the
German volunteer flre-brigade system. From this point the street
known as the ^Schlossherg^ ascends to the entrance of the Schloss-
Garten at the Elisabeth-Pforte (20 min. ; see p. 269).
Turning to the left at the choir of St. Petefs Church, we pass
the new University Library (PL 5 ; p. 268), erected in the French
early- Renaissance style, and reach the Ludwios-Platz, in which,
in front of the university, stands an Equestrian Statue of Emperor
WiUiam J., by Donndorf (1901).
The Univerflity (PL 4; about 1600 stud.), the famous Ruperto-
CarolQ^ the cradle of science in S. Germany, and after the universities
of Prague and Vienna the oldest in Germany, was founded in 1386
by Elector Rupert I. Its period of greatest prosperity was in the
Utter half of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th cent., when,
under Electors Otho Henry, Frederick III., and Frederick lY., it
was the centre of ^Humanism', iind the chief Reformed seat of learn-
ing la Germany. During the stormy times of the Thirty Years*
War and the devastation of the Rhenish Palatinate by the French
it survived with difficulty. It is indebted for its modern develop-
ment to Charles Frederick of Baden, who in 1804 provided it with
eminent professors and scientific collections. The aula was restored
268 BouU 32. HBIDELBERG. Market Place,
in 1886^ the flve^huiidiedth anniversary of the fonndation of the
uoiversity (apply to the janitor).
The Library (traasfeired to the new building mentioned on p. 267 in
1905) contains 400,000 vols., about 4000 MSS., 9000 papyri, and 3300 ancient
documents. It is open 11-1 (during the holidays 10-13) on Hon., Tues.,
Thurs., ft Frid., and 2-4 on Wed. A Sat. (from May to August, 3-5). Scarcely
one-third of the KSS. in the famous Bibliotheca Palatina, which was trans*
ferred to Rome after the capture of Heidelberg by Tilly, have been returned.
(Thirty-eight were restored in 1814, and eight hundred and thirty-eight in
1816, including some original MSS. of Luther.) A number of MSS. (many
with miniatures, including the 'Manesse* Kinnesanger MS. of the early
14th cent.), autographs, documents, incunabula, and portraits, are exhibited
on the ground-floor, to the left ; adm. gratis on Wed., 24 (summer, 3-5),
on other week -days for 50 pf. (^ pf. for each member of a party)*, ap-
plication is made in the lending-room.
lYiQ-Jesuiten-Kirche (PI. 7), dating from the beginning of the
18th cent., was decorated with polychrome ornamentation in 1873.
In the Makkbt Pl4.ob (380 ft) rises the Gothic Heilig-Geist-
Kirohe (PI. 8; sacristan, Angastinergaase 9), erected at the begin-
ning of the 15th cent, nnder King Rupert (see below). In 1705 the
nave was separated from the choir by a wall, in order that the Roman
Catholics might worship in the latter (now used by l^e *01d Catho-
lics'), while the Protestants retained the nave. The choir contains
the tomb of King Rupert and his wife Elizabeth, sister of the first
Elector of Brandenburg. — Opposite the church, to the 3-. is the
HoUl %um Hitter (PI. k), erected in 1592 in the style of the Otto
Heinrichs-Bau (p. 270), almost the only house which escaped de-
struction in 1693. — Opposite the choir, on the E. side of the
market-place, is the Bathaw (1703), containing a new hall adorned
with paintings by Liudenschmit — A few paces to the N., yia the
Steingasse, is the old Neekar Bridge (p. 273).
The last of the side-streets to the right of the Market Place is
the Obtrbadgassej at the upper end of which begins the Schloss-
Stbassb (p. 269), leading to the castle. — The station of the Cablb
Railway to the Castlb (p. 266) is in the neighbouring Kommarkt,
beside the Trinz Karl' Hotel. — Pbdbstbians cross the Kommarkt
diagonally to the right, and ascend the Bubowbo, which leads in
12 min. (long vaulted gateway near the top) to the great balcony
(p. 271). A footpath diverges to the left from the Bnrgweg, leading
along the Friesenberg. — A fourth route to the castle Is to take
the tramway to the E. end of the town near the KarU'Tor (bnllt in
1775-81), and thence ascend the Friesenberg (to the right) on foot,
proceeding at the top either to the left by the Karmeliter-WSldchen,
or to the right along the castle-hill.
The ♦♦Castle (640 ft.), situated^on the *Jettenbahr, a wooded
spur of the Kdnigstuhl, may possibly have been founded by Conreid
of Hohenstaufen (d. 1195 ; see p. 266), but more probably by Count
Palatine Lewis I. (1214-31). A more imposing building was erected
by Bupert III. (1398-1410), who was elected Roman king at Rhens
*n 1400. The castle and the fortifications were enlarged by the
Castle. HEIDELBERG. 32. Route. 269
electors Fredtrieh I. *tlie Victorious' (1449-76), and Lewis V. (1508-
44). The palatial parts of the edifice were afterwards erected by
the electors of the 16th and 17th cent. , particularly Otho Henry
(1556-69), Frederick IV. (1583-1610), and FrederU^ V. (1610-21),
King of Bohemia (husband of Elizabeth +, daughter of James I. of
England). In 1622, when Heidelberg was taken by Tilly during
the Thirty Tears' War, the castle escaped almost uninjured. It was
afterwards restored by Charles Lewis (1632-80). After the death of
Charles^ the last Protestant Elector (in 1685), Louis XIV. preferred
a claim to the Palatinate, and began the cruel and destructive war
which inyalTod the Castle of Heidelberg and so many others in one
common ruin. On 24th Oct., 1688, the town and castle capitulated
to Count Milae, the French general, who spent the following winter
here. On the approach of the German armies, however, he de-
termined to evacuate the place, and on 2nd March, 1689, he caused
the fortifications to be blown up. These were subsequently restored,
but in 1693 the imperial commander surrendered the place to the
French almost without a blow, and Marshal de Lorge completely
destroyed the castle and much of the town. The Electors Charles
Philip (1716-42) and Charles Theodore (1742-99) made some at-
tempts to render the castle onoe more habitable; but in 1764 it was
struck by lightning and finally reduced to the ruinous condition in
whidi we see it at present. Farther decay is prevented by careful
preservation and (where necessary) restoration, and visitors may
help this good cause by joining the Heiddberger /SefttoMverem (annual
subscription 3 Jf),
From the terminus of the funicular railway (p. 266)^ at the top
of the SchlosB-Strasse (p. 268), we pass through the W. entrance of
the Castle (comp. the Plan; guide superfluous) into the Sohloss-
Gabtbn, laid out in 1808 on the ruins of the fortifications. The
paths to the left, of which the second passes through the Elisabeth-'
P forte, erected by Frederick V. in 1615 in honour of his consort
(see above), lead to the Stuekgartenj an old bastion, which, together
with the corner-tower, the so-called Diefctf^Turm, defended the castle
on the W, side. A tablet here commemorates the visits of Goethe
and Marianne Willemer ('Suleika') in 1814 and 1815. Between the
Dicke Turm and the Friedrichsbau (p. 270) is the plain EngUsehe
BaUy or MisabeMau^ which also was erected by Frederick V.
We now cMes the Bridge over l^e S. moat of the Castle, pass
under tiie Qreai Watch Tower, and enter the *8chlosshof, or castie-
yard, the focus of the whole structure. Almost all the architectural
ornamentation of the eastle was lavished on the inner facades abut-
ting on the court, as the external walls served chiefly for purposes
of defence. The irregular grouping of the buildings reveals at once
•f- Her daughter Sophia was married at Heidelberg in 1658 to Ernest
Augustus, afterwards Elector of Hanover, and became t|ie mother pf
George I. of England.
270 Route 32, HEIDELBERG. Ca$tU,
the lack of any systematic plan In their constractlon. This, however,
Is directly responsible for the pictnresqueness of the general effect,
which Is farther enhanced by the clinging Ivy and the verdant trees.
The two most Interesting buildings are the Otto-Heinrlchs-Ban, on
the E., and the Friedrlchs-Ban, on the N., both constructed of red
Neckax sandstone, with sculptures and details in yellowish sand-
stone from Heilbronn.
The *OttO'Heinricha-Bau^ begun in 1656, the finest example
of the German early-Renaissance style, rises in three stories, partly
of the Ionic and partly of the Corinthian order, with a strong em-
phasis on the horizontal lines. The lower story, with the Kaisersaal
to the left and the Elector's Rooms to the right, is of considerable
elevation. It is at present fitted up for the exhibition mentioned at
p. 271. The two upper stories, the first containing the large dining-
hall, are each not more than half as high. The top ends in two small
gables. The whole fa^de is richly adorned with beautiful sculptures,
all recently restored. The cornice of the portal, to which a double
flight of steps ascends, is supported by Caryatides. Above it is the
bust of the founder, the Elector Otho Henry, with armorial bearings
and inscription. In the niches of the facade are a number of statues,
all having a symbolical meaning after the fashion of the Renaissance.
In the four lower niches are Joshua, Samson, Hercules, and David,
the representatives of force and courage, the foundations on which
a princely house rests; in the middle niches, allegorioal figures
of Strength, Justice, Faith, Charity, and Hope, the virtues which
adorn a princely family ; in the upper niches, Saturn, Mars, Yenus,
Mercury, Diana, Apollo, and Jupiter, or the seven gods of the
planets, symbolising the higher powers, who rule the destinies of
all. In the window - arches are medallion-heads of eminent men
of antiquity. The designer of this beautiful building is still un-
certain ; recent critics have ascribed it to Peter Flettner (d. 1646),
of Nuremberg, i.e. to the reign of Frederick the Wise. The plastic
ornamentation was executed first under the superintendence of
Master Antoni^ of whom we know nothing further, and afterwards
(from 1658 on) by Alexander Colin of Malines (b. 1626), who,
however, went to Innsbruck in 1662 to work on the Monument of
Emp. Maximilian.
The *Friedrieh8'Bau, erected in 1601-7 horn Joh, Schoeh'a
designs and restored since 1898, is an impodngi>uilding in the late-
Renaissance style, and consists of three stories (Doric, Tuscan, and
Ionic), surmounted by Corinthian pediments. In ornamentation it
is inferior to the Otto-Heinrichs-Bau, which it perhaps surpasses
in structural grandeur. In the niches are 16 statues of Charlemagne,
Otho of Wittelsbach, and the Counts Palatine down to Frederick lY.
These are replicas of the admirable originals executed by Sebastian
Ootz of Coire. — Between the Otto-Heinrichs-Bau and the
Friedrichs-B^n is the Qldseme Saalbau or Ncue Hofy erected by
Ca$tU. HEIDELBERG. 32. Route. 271
Frederick the Wise in 1549, and showing & quaint mixture of Gothio
and Renaissance forms.
A vaulted passage (at PI. E) leads under the Friedrichs-Bau to the
*Balconyy constructed in 1610, which commands a beautiful ylew
(the back of the Friedrichs-Bau is here seen to advantage). The foot-
path (Burgweg; p. 268) to the town begins at the base of this
platform.
Adjoining the Friedrichs-Bau on the left is the so-called Band-
haus or KdnigsSaal^ erected by Lewis V. for the ladies of the court,
but afterwards altered. Farther back is the Lihrary or Archives,
usually called the MU BaUy and farther on the BuprechU-Bau^ a
simple Gothic structure erected by Rupert III., the upper part re-
built by Lewis V. The imperial eagle with the arms of the Palati-
nate recall the election of Rupert to the sceptre of the Roman
kingdom. Over the entrance is a garland of five roses borne by two
angels ; the half-open pair of compasses is a sign that the building
is commended to the care of the Holy Virgin.
Opposite \% a covered Well, with four columns of syenite (from
the Felsberg, p. 269), which once adorned the palace of Charlemagne
at Ingelheim, and were brought here by Count Palatine Lewis Y.
Adjacent is the office in which tickets are issued for admission to the
Interior: charge, 1 pers. 1, 2 pers. IVs -^i 3 or more pers. 50 pf. each; for
the ^Qreat Ton* alone, each pers. 10 pf.^ for the Collection of Antiquities
40 pf. each (extra) ; for the upper rooms of the Friedrichs-Bau, 50 pf. each.
Visitors are first conducted to the groundfloor of the Buprsghts-Bau
(see aboveX where the original sculptures of the Otio-Heinrichs-Bau and the
Friedrichs-Bau are preserved \ on the first floor is a fine Renaissance chim-
ney-piece. — Thence they are led through the lower rooms of the Librabt
and the dungeon to the casemates of the Enolischb Bad (p. 269) and to
the DioKB ToRH (p. 269); the last should be ascended for the sake of the
view. They then return to the court by the Eonios-Saal (see above), which
has been restored for students festivals.
In the Fbiedbichs-Bau visitors are admitted to the Chapel and to the
upper rooms (adm. see above), which are architecturally interesting and
have been redecorated.
To the left of the Friedriohs-Bau is the entrance to the (Cellar (Pl.E;
adm. see above), containing the famous Heidtlherg Tun , a monster cask
capable of holding 49,000 gallons. The present tun was constructed in 1751
by the Elector Charles Theodore, as the successor to two others, the first of
which was erected in 1591 by the Count Palatine Casimir, the second bv
the Elector Charles Lewis in 1662 and restored by Charles Philip in i728.
By the tun stands a grotesque wooden figure of Perkeo, court-jester of
Elector Charles Philip. Another large tun bears humorous inscriptions.
We next cross the court to the Orro-HanrBicHS-BAU (p. 270*, Kaisersaal),
and then pass to the left into the Glasesnb Saalbau and to the octagonal
tower, wmch may be ascended (128 steps). Finally, crossing the court once
more, we visit the Eitchbms and the Gkspbbnote Tdbk (p. 272; fine view
from the platform).
The municipal Oolleetion of Art and AntiquitieB (adm. , see above ;
catalogue, 80 pf), arranged in the lower story of the Otto-Heinrichs-Bau,
was founded by Count Charles de Qraimberg (d. 1864). — Room I. Views
of Heidelberg by 8a>. MUntter (1527), M. Merian (1620), RoUmann (1798-
185()), and Verhas (1843). Views of the castle by Ulrich Kraus (1683).
Portxmits of electors, Heidelberg professors, and other worthies. Franken-
thal porcelain (p. 291). — Room n. Portraits of princes. Renaissance
chimney piece. Frankenthal porcelain. — Room III. 1st Sec. (r.): Por-
272 Route 32. HEIDELBERG. Molktnkur.
traits of electors, seals, weapons, early prints (Heidelberg, 1485). Sod Sec. :
Miniatures, model of the Castle (i851), portraits of Perkeo (p. 271). 3rd Sec. :
Portraits. Documents, incl. a charter of 896 (So. luaO). Letters of Melanch-
thon (No. 1034), Tilly, etc. Luther's wedding-ring.
We leave tke court by the Great Watch Tower, cross the moat
(p. 269), and turn to the left in the garden. The ^Oeaprengte Turm*
(blown-up tower), or Pulver Turm^ at the S.E. angle of the Castle,
in the fosse to the left of the exit from the conit, is of masonry so
solid that, when the French blew it np in 1693, one-half became
detached and fell in an unbroken mass into the moat, where it still
remains. The tower is 79 ft. in diameter, the walls 21 ft. thick ;
beneath it are long casemated passages. It was near this spot that
Matthison composed his fine ^Elegle in den Ruinen eines alten
Bergschlosses', an imitation of Gray*s famous *Elegy In a Country
Churchyard'. — A few paces farther on is the SchlosB-Restaurant
(p. 266), where a band plays in the afternoon.
The*Oreat Terrace to theN.E., constructed in 1613, commands
beautiful views of the castle itself and of the town. A Statue of
Victor von Scheffel (1826-86) was erected here In 1891. — The
plantation of coniferae on the Friesenherg (p. 268), below the terrace,
contains many rare trees.
Behind the terrace is the SeMoss-Sdtel (p. 265 ; 735 ft.), and a UtUe
higher up is the Sdtel Bellevue (p. 265); fine view from the terrace.
About iVs M. farther to the E. is the Wolfsbrunnen (590 ft. \ Re$taM-
ratU)^ once a favourite resort of Frederick V. and his wife Elizabeth, and
celebrated in a sonnet of Martin Opitz, who was a student at Heid^berg
in 1619. According to tradition, the enchantress Jetta was here killed
by a wolf, whence the name. In the vicinity is the reservoir supplying
the water for the town -aqueduct. We may then proceed, enjoying a
series of pleasant views, to iTlVs M.) Behlierbaeh (p. 274), and cross the
Keckar to ZiegelJM«$§n (p. 274), where boats are always ready to take
walkers back to Heidelberg by tbe river.
The RouTB TO thb Molkbnkub (20 min.j finger-posts ; railway
in 3 min., see p. 266) ascends the steps opposite the Gesprengte
Turm, passes through a small gate, and reaches the road which
passes at the back of the castle (finger-post). We may now either
ascend by the road or by the zigzag footpath. If we follow the latter,
we may after a few minutes either diverge by the ^Friesenweg^ to
the right, or continue to follow the zigzag path. (Several finger-posts.)
The *Xolkenkar (985ft. above the sea-level; 345 ft. above the
castle) is a restaurant (rooms also) which commands an admirable
view, and is the only point from which the castle is seen from above.
A road leads from behind the Molkenkur to the 8., and after a few
yards reaches a point where four roads meet (finger-post). That on hee
left descends to the Schloss; the next ascends to the Wolfsbrunnen (ste
above) and (20 min.) the *Bitmarek'SdhB (iM5ft.; view-tower); the one
straight on ascends to the Eonigstuhl (p. 273), while that to the right
descends to Heidelberg, which it reaches at the Klingentor (p. 267). From
the last, after '/« M., a road CSpeyerershof-Weg"') diverges to the left and
ascends in 5 min. to a Bench., commanding an excellent view of the upper
part of the town and of the Schloss. A few paces farther on is the Xaasel
Cpulpit'), a small projecting platform, with a parapet, aflfording a survey
of Heidelberg and the plain. The Rondell (800 ft.), reached hence in 5 min. ,
HeUigenberg, HEIDELBERG. 32. Route. 273
an open spftce in front of a covered seat, is also a charming point of view.
From the Bondell & hroad path (indicated by a guide-post 'nach dem Bahn-
hor) leads by the *SiebenLinden' and the WolfshShle to Heidelberg,
emerging at the Victoria Hotel (PI. C, 5). — Immediately beyond the
Bondell is a footpath ascending to the top of the (20 min.) *Gei8berg
(1290 ft.), the tower on which commands one of the finest views near
Heidelberg. — About 1 M. from the Geisbex^ is the Speperershof (965 ft. ;
inn), a favourite point for a walk. Thence to the Heidelberg station
about IV4 M.
The Kftnigatuhl (1866 ft.) is reached from the Molkenkur by a shady
path ('Plattletweg'*) in s/4 1^'m or by the carriage-road in 1 hr. The tower
on the top, 96 ft. in height, commands a most extensive view of the Rhine,
Neckar, Odenwald, Haardt Mts., Taunus, and the Black Forest as far as the
Merkuriusberg at Baden. — About 1 H. to the S. of the Ednigstuhl,
beyond the new University Observatory, is the Kohlhof (1580 ft.; *Hotely
with 100 beds, baths, electric light, etc., B. 2V2-4, B. 1, D. 3, 8. 2, pens.
6-10 Ulf), a health-resort with pleasant shady promenades. The tower at the
Pot$eU$luit (1580 ft.), 7 mln. to the 8.W., commands a good view.
The Old Bridge over the Neckar, constructed by Elector Charles
Theodore in 1786-88, Is embellished with a statue of the Elector and
allegorical groups at each end. About 1300 yds. lower down is the
handsome New Bridge, erected In 1877. Both bridges command
beautiful views. Between the two bridges, on the left bank, is the
Stadihalle (opened 1903), a large hall with an orchestra which can
he sunk and a restaurant.
On the right bank of the Neckar are the Neuenheim Road with
many villas, which also extend up the slope, and the suburb of
Neutnkeim (Schiff, with garden), near the New Bridge. The first
road beyond the latter ascends to the right to the FhiloBophenweg,
a beautiful walk extending along the slope of the Heiligenherg^ and
commanding a splendid view of the town and of the plain of the Rhine
as far as the Haardt Mts. The pleasantest way back Is through
the small lateral valley of the Hirschgasse^ past the well-known
students* tavern and duelling-place of that name (1 hr. in all;
mostly without shade).
Those who have time should not fail to ascend from the Philo-
Bophenweg (beyond the quarry to the left), passing the Bismarck
Tower (1903), to the (8/4 hr.) *Heiligenberg, the ancient Mons
Pifij an early-German sacrificial station, afterwards consecrated to
Mercury. On the S. summit (1250 ft.) Is a view-tower, commanding
an admirable survey of Heidelberg, the Castle, the valley of the
Neckar, and the Bergstrasse. Adjacent is the Heidenlochj an old
cistern. On the N. summit (1465 ft.), 10 mln. farther on, are the
foundations of the Romanesque Abbey Church of 8t, Michael, es-
tablished about 880 and discovered In 1886. Both summits are sur-
rounded with double ring-walls of the prehistoric era. We return
to Heidelberg vil Handschuchsheim (see p. 258).
The road ascending the river to Ziegelhausen passes the restau-
rants WaUhorn (p. 266) and Ickrath, which afford an admirable
view of the castle. — Farther on, IV2 M. from the Old Bridge, is
the convent (secularized) of Neiiburg (Stiftsmilhle Restaurant).
Babdbkkk's Rhine. 16th Edit. 18
274 B.32.— Jtffli>,jp.255. NECKARSTEINACH. Nedcof Valley.
Beyond it is the Tillage of Zi«peiAaufen(Adler, very fair), a fayonrite
resort of the Heldelbergers (ferry over the Neckar, 2 pf.)-
The Heidelberg Cemetery, on the slope of the G^berg (p. 273), to
the S. of the railway-station, contains the tombs of Qervlnas (d. lo71),
Bluntschli (d. 1881), and other eminent professors. At the S. end is a
Crematorium. — Tr^unway, see p. 266.
The Valley of the Keckar from Heidelberg to Keckarelz.
Railway to Neckakklz, 31 Vs M., in i-iV4 hrs.; tares 4 UlT 10, 2 UlT 80,
i ur 80 pf.; express fares 4 UIT 70, 3 J(r SO, 2 UT 30 pf. >- Besides the
ordinary trains, there are in summer eight (on Son. fourteen) local trains
every day to Neekargemilnd (fares 10-20 pf. \ tickets obtained in the train),
calling at KarUtor^ JUgtrhau*^ Schlierbaeh, and KHmmelbaeher Bo/ (fine
view). — When the state of the Keckar permits, a Stsamboat plies once
or twice daily from Heidelberg to Neciarsteinaeh (up 2 hrs., down 1 hr.) }
fares 1 UT, 60 pf. On Frid. it goes on to (13 hrs.) Heilbronn.
The train passes from the main railway-station to (2 M.) the
KarUtor Station by a long tunnel nnder the castle-hill. The abbey
of Neuburg and the village of Ziegelhauien (see above) are seen to
the left, on the right bank of the river. — 88/4 M. SchlUrhach
(Restaurant and Pension Yolker).
6 M. Keckargem&nd (405 ft. ; Ffalz, with garden on the Neckar ;
Ebert, well situated, pens. 4V2-5 •^; Hirech; Stadt Atkerif Greek
wine-room), a pleasant little town vnth 2205 inhab., at the point
where the Neckar is joined by the ELsenx, the valley of which is
ascended by a railway to Neckarelz vi4 Meckesheim. Walks may
be taken to the Bockfelsen, the Tilly •- Steiriy and the castle of
Reichenstein.
The Neckartal Railway crosses the Neckar, penetrates a tunnel
leading into the valley of SchonaUj and reaches —
10 M. Keckarsteinach (420ft. ; Harfe, with garden on the river;
Schiff; Schwalbennest, opposite the station), a small town with
1600 inhab., in a highly picturesque situation, once the seat of the
valiant race of the Steinachs, who became extinct in 1653. The
church contains numerous monuments of the family, several of
whom bore the surname of Landschaden ( ^land-scourge*), perhaps
from the perpetual feuds in which they were engaged. The four
old castles still bear testimony to their power. A path leads vii
the Vorderburg^ the Mittelburg (restored in the mediseval style and
surrounded with a park by its present proprietor, Baron von Dorth),
and the Hinierburg, to (^2 ^'0 -Burjr Sehadecky or the ^Swallow's
Ne8t\ which frowns above a lofty precipice. A good view of the
pleasing valley of the Neckar is obtained from the tower. A pleasant
walk from the Swallow's Nest follows the *Mittlere Bergweg' to
(3/4 hr.) Neekargemilnd.
In the 8Uinaeh-Tal, 3 M. above Keckarsteinach, lies Sohftnau (535 ft.;
Ldwe), with the ruins of a Cistercian convent, fonnded in 1136.' The old
refectory is now the Protestant church.
On the left bank of the Neckar, on a wooded eminence, rises
the castle of Dilsberg (1090 ft.), unsuccessfully besieged by Tilly
Neekar Valley, EBERBAGH. Map,p,S58.—32.RouU, ^5
daring the Thirty Yeoxs' War. At the heginning of the 19th
oeutmry it was lused as a state -prison, paitkularly for Heidelberg
students, and the rigour of the confinement is shown hy the story
that one day when some strangers, visiting the castle, desired to
see the cells, they were told by the officer in command that he could
not oblige them, as the prisoners were then making a tour in the
Odenwald and had taken the keys with them.
121/2 M. Neckarhausen. — 14 M. Hirsehhorn (430 ft.; Zum
Naturalisten ; Erbach^Furstenauer Hof; beer at the Enget)^ a small
town with 2180 inhab., the most picturesque point in the lower
valley of the Neckar. Above the town (^4 hr.) and connected with it
by walls is the handsome and loftily-situated old Ccutle of the once
powerful, but now extinct barons of Hirsehhorn or Hirzhom. The
interior (remodelled in 1583-86) contains remains of Gothic windows
and some old frescoes (13th cent.?). A path with steps descends to
a monastery erected by the Hirschhoms in 1406, containing eight
monuments of the 15-16th centuries. The Ersehheimer KapeUe^
rising above the river on the left bank (ferry), a late-Gothic building
of 1517, also contains monuments of the Hirschhoms. — Two
tunnels are passed through.
191/2 M. Sberbaoh (430 ft. ; Bohrmann's Hotel, Leininger Hof^
pens. 0^/2-A Jfy both very fair, with gardens; Brcx^eenhofy pens.
31/2 Jf; Bail. Bestaurani), an old town with 6136 inhab., belong-
ing to the Prince of Leiningen and carrying on a brisk trade in
timber. Pleasant wood- walks in the vicinity. — From this point
we may in 2 hrs. (finger-posts) ascend the Katzenbnckel (2055 ft.),
the highest of the Odenwald Mts., either via Burghalde'Emichthurg
or (somewhat longer) vi& Waldkatzenbaeh (Adler). The mountain is
composed of sandstone, through which diorite protrudes at the top.
The tower commands a fine view of the valley of the Neckar, Wur-
temberg as far as the Swabian Alb, and the Black Forest. We may
descend to Zwingenberg (see below) in i^U hr. — Railway to Er-
bach, Hoch^t, and Darmstadt (or Frankfort), see R. 31.
Beyond Eberbach the train passes Stolztneek^ on the left bank,
the ruins of a castle of the 13th century. — 2572^. Zwingenberg
(480 ft ; Avker; Sehiff), on the right bank, lying close to the river,
is commanded by a picturesque castle of the Grand-Duke of Baden,
which was rebuilt in 1594-95, and has lately been restored and
rendered habitable. Five of the eight towers are still preserved.
The chapel contains some medieval wall-paintings. The Katzen-
buckel may also be ascended hence (2V2 hrs.), the best route leading
through the romantic Wolfsschlueht, behind the castle.
271/4 M. Neckargcrach (Krone), on the left bank. On the hill
above are the ruins of the Minncburgj which was destroyed in the
Thirty Years* War. The valley now expands. On the left bank is
the Beiherhalde, so called from the flocks of herons (Beiher) which
have established themselves here. A little above Obrighekn, on th«
18*
276 BouU32, SOHTWETZINGEN.
left tank, is the rain of DaueluUin. At JOiedesheim the riv^r is
crossed hy a hridge-of-hoats. — Near (28 M.) Binau the train
passes through a tunnel V2 ^' In length.
3IV2 M. Keekaieli (505 ft.; Klingenbwg, very fair, R. IV2-
2^/2, B. sy^, pens. 4-6 Jf ; Lowe; RcnL Restaurani)^ on the right
hank, at the influx of the El% into the Neokar, contains a late-
Gothic lodge of the Templars. Opposite the town rises the Neuhurg,
Neckarels is the junction for tlie Heilbronn and Keckesheim line, by
which we may return to Heidelberg (32 M. in 2 hrs.). The aUtions are
Asbachf AgUuterhauten^ Eelmstadt, NeckarhUchoftheim^ WaXb^tadt^ Neidemtefn,
EacMbronn, MecketJieim (junction for the Heilbronn line), Mauer, Bammen-
thal, and NeckargemQn^ (p. 274), where it rejoins the line above deecribed.
From Neckarels to Wiirzburg and to Heilbronn vi& Jagstfeld, see
BaedekerU Southern Q&rmany.
From HBiDELBEse to Spbtes, 16 M., railway in 1^4 hr. (fares
3uirl0, 2url0, luir30pf.). — 3M. Eppelheim; 4V2M. Plarikstadt.
5^8 M. Schwetsingen (^Hdtel Hassler^ at the station; Hirsehy
AdUty Restaurant Ritter, all by the entrance to the ch&teau), a
pleasant little town with 6858 inhab. , attracts numerous visitors
from Heidelberg. The Schloas (^4 hr. from the station), erected by
Elector Charles Lewis in 1656, and destroyed by Mtflac in 1689,
but afterwards restored, was the residence of the electors at the
beginning of the 18th century. The gardens (117 acres! were laid
out by Elector Charles Theodore in the middle of the loth cent, iu
the style of the grounds at Versailles and embellished with statues,
temples, artificial ruins, a mosque with lofty minarets, and other
objects in the taste of the period. In 1775 the beautiful old avenues
were surrounded with grounds in the English style. The fountains
play daily from the middle of April to the middle of October. A
walk round the whole of the gardens takes about two hours ('Guide*,
50 pf., at the entrance). — Hehel the poet (d. 1826) is buried in
the old churchyard.
Schwetzingen is the junction of the Speyer line with the rail-
way to Mannheim and Carlsruhe (p. 280), and of a branch-line to
Friedrlchsfeld (p. 2581. All the express-trains stop here. — The
Speyer line passes (lU M.) Thalhaw and crosses the Rhine by a
bridge of iron pontoons near (13 M.) Altlussheim.
Speyer, see p. 297. The Rhine Station (14 M.) is near th«
cathedral; the Principal Station (16 M.) is reached in lOmin. more.
33. Mannheim and Lndwigshafen.
Bailway Station!. The Central Station (restaurant) lies on the S. side
of the town (PI. D, 5). A second station for the line to Lampertheim and
Frankfort or Mayence (B. 80 a), and the stations for the steam-ttamways
to Weinheim (p. 257), Heidelbeiv (p. 26b) and Feudenheim lie near the
Neckar Bridge (PI. D, 2).
Hotels. •Pakk Hotel (PI. p \ D, 5), Friedrichs-Plata, R. 3 6, B. iV4»
x/. 3-4 ul; ♦Pfalzeb Hoy (PI. a: 0, 4), Parade-Platz, a long-established
house of the first class, B. J2V«-5, B. I1/4, D. S^jt JT. — *D«OTaoH«B Hof
MANNHEIM
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^
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&H ltti.iJissii.i- t'4
B, Zeu^htius ['.4
Wa^nffl- a, Dpbps . Lptprid
MANNHEIM. 33. BouU, 277
(PL c; 0, 4), commerciAl, B. 2i/r4, B. 1 •#. — Kaisebhov (PI. b: G, D, 4).
opposite the post-office ; I^ational (PI. e } D, 5), Limr, both near the Central
Station; VicTOBiA, O, 6, 7. — ScHLOSS-HftTiL (PI. f;- C, 5); Kkokartal
(PI. h} D, 10, near the Keckar Bridge.
BeatanraBta. Hoftheatw-KelUr^ in the Theatre (PL G, 4); Chldner Stem,
Ca/i Mur Oper, Cc^fd FranfaUy these three near the Theatre; FettJudle (p. 279);
Ca/4 yut&ria^ Wiener Cafi Ceniraly near the Strohmarkt; Ballhaui, in the
Sehloss- Garten, in the W. wing of the Schloss; restaurant in the Stadi-
Pari J military mosie on summer afternoons. — Wnrx. Arche Jfoah^ F, 6, 2,
much frequented; Zdhringer Sof^ near the Speisemarkt.
BiTer Baths, above Uie bridge.
Oftba. From (he Station to the Town: With one horse 1 pers. 60, 2 pers.
80 pf., 8 pers. 1, 4 pers, 1 Ul 20 pf. ; with two horses half as much again. —
Bv time: Per V«hr.. one horse, for 1-2 pers. 1, 3 or more pers. 1 ufSOpf.i
per hr. 2 or 2 Ul 60 pf., etc. With two horses : 1-2 pers. per V* hr., 1 Jf
oOpf., 3 or more pers. 2 Jff per hr., 2 «# 60 pf. or 3 Ul, etc. *- Luggage:
22-6& lbs., 20 pf.; 66-110 lbs., 80 pf. ; over 110 lbs., 40 pf.
Blactrio Tvamiwaya. From the Gentral Bailway St4tion (PL D, 5)
round the N. side of the inner town, and to the station at Ludwigshafen
(PL A, D; from the WaSdhof (to the K. of the ITeckar-Garten , PL 0, 1)
to Ludwigshafen (Aniline Factory, Hemshof, Friesenheim; PL A, 4); from
the Gontard-Plats (PI. G, D, 6) to KSferthal (PL F, 2); from the Jungbusch
quarter (PL B, G, 2, 3) to the Slaughter House (PL F, 6); from the Bhein-
Strasse (PL B, 3) to Keekarau (PL B, 6).
Steam Ferry (PL B, 6) to Ludwigshafen, every 6 minutes.
Steamboat. The landing-place is below the bridge over the Bhine,
*/i M. from the station at Ludwigshafen, and 1 M. from the Mannheim
station. Comp. the Plan. Steamboat to M ayence, vi& Worms, in 4 hrs.
British Oonanl: Dr. Faui Ladenburg, — Ameriean Consul: Heaton
Harrit, Btq.
Post Ottea (PL C, 4), Parade-Plata; another office at the Gentral Station.
Afannfceim (310 ft.), a town with 162,607 inhab., situated on
the right bank of the Rhine, near the confluence of the Neckar and
connected by a bridge with Ludwigshafen (p. 279), was fonnded in
1606 by Elector Palatine Frederick IT. The castle he then bnllt was
destroyed along with the infant town in the Thirty Tears* War, and
again by the French in 1689. When, owing to ecclesiastical differ-
ences. Elector Charles Philip (1716-42) transferred his residence
from Heidelberg to Mannheim in 1720, the latter enjoyed a period
of prosperity that lasted until Charles Theodore (1742-99), the next
elector, In his turn removed the court to Munich in 1778. For its
more recent importance Mannheim is indebted to the deyelopment
of the Rhine navigation, of which it is the terminus, and of rall->
ways. Within the last 50 years it has increased its population fivefold,
and it is now the most Important commercial town of the Upper
Rhine, coal, grain, petroleum, rice, and coffee being the staple
commodities. A considerable manufacturing industry (chemicals,
machinery, etc.) has also sprung np. — Mannheim is the most
regularly built town in Germany, being divided into 136 square
sections like a chess-board. The streets are distinguished, according
to the American system, by letters and numerals, only those out-
side the Ring-Strasse being named.
The Grand-Dveal Palaee (PI. C, 4, 5), a spacious building
in the baroque style, wa» erected in 1720-29 and 1749-60 and
278 BOUU33 MANNHEIM.
tlioroughly restored in 1896-1903. It contains three courts and has
a fagade 656 ft. long. In the large court are a handsome Monvment
to Emp. William /., by Eberlein (1894), and tw« Mofvumental
Fountains by the same scalp tor (1898), representing the Bheingold
and the legend of the Rhine. The ^Interior is adorned with fine
plaster^work and tapestry. Besides the apartments of the Grand-
Duke the castle contains also several collections. All of these may
be visited at any time on payment of ^/^i Jt; the Collection of An-
tiquities is open free in summer on Sub., 11-1 and 3-5 ; the Cabinet
of Natural History on Sun., 11-1 and 3-5, and on Wed., 8-5; the
Picture Gallery thioughout the year on Sun. & Wed., 11-1 and 3-5.
The central structure (entr. in the 8. aagla of the court) contains the
Antiquarian Oolleotions. — Vsbtibulb. MedisBVal sculptures in wood uid
stone. — Room I. Vases, terracottas, bronsea, marble sevlptures, eibferary
urns from Greece and Italy. — Booms II. k, IIL Boman aad Gerteaalc
antiquities, chiefly from the neighbourhood of Mannheim. — We retura
through the entrance-hall to Room IV. Wei^ns and ndHtary relics of the
17-19th centuries. — Room V. Plans and views of ICannheim; reminia-
oences of Schiller, Karl Sand, the murderer of Kotzehue (1819), and the
Revolution of 1848. — Room VL Objects relating to the Palatinate. —
. Room VII. Bthnographioal collection. — Room VHI. Ghiild antiquities and
recent acquisitions.
The Ei wing (entrance in the court, near the monument) contains a
OoUeotion of Oatta, acquired at Paris in 1803 and since enlarged. — In
the same wing (entr. from the Karl-Theodor-Plata) is the Katum History
Oabinet, in six rooms in the baroque style. — On the upper floor of the
;b. wing are the Fublio Library (11-1 ; 60,0GO vols), in a foe baU, tichly
decorated in the rococo style, and the —
Picture Gallery, founded in 1803 by Grand-Duke Charles Frederick
and since combined with the Municipal Collection foiin<)ed in 1874 (cata-
logue 30 pf.). The COBBiDOB contains works of K. Kunie (1770-1830), a native
of Mannheim, and other, paintings. Rooms I and II are devoted to German
works, including landscapes by F. Kobell (d. 1799). — In Room III are Italian
paintings of the 17th and 18th centuries. — Rooms V- VII contain a number of
good Netheriandish works by A. van Ottade, S. t»n Muftdael, Fhil, and Fieter
Wouvermany Rvbena ("Isabella Brant, his first wife), D. Ttnier* the Younger^
Snyder s^ and landscapes by Oatpard Poturin, and Jv. Potutin. — BoOm Vm
is the . chief room of the Municipal Collection and contains a number of
good modem pictures by A, and 0. Achenbttchy DUfftnhcuSier^ DiU, Frntfr-
bach, Oriltener, Oude^ Chiding K. Hoff^ Lenbach, Cl. Meyer^ Biefttahly tMl-
tnann, and others. — Rooms IX and X. Periodical Bxhibition of the
Eunstverein (50 pf.) and Engravings.
The Falact Garden {V\. B, C, 4, 5), the Stadtisehe AnUge, and
the Town Park (PI. B, 4) are pleasant resorts.
The Theatre (PI. C, 4) was built in 1776-79. Schiller's first
pieces, the 'Robbers*, Tiesco*, and *Cabal and Love', were per-
formed here with the co-operation of Iffland and partly under
his own direction (1782-84). 8chiller*8 Monument, by Cauer, in
front of the theatre, was erected in 1862. Adjacent, on the right and
left, are statues of Iffland (d. 1814), a distinguished actor and poet
who began his career at Mannheim, and Vcm DaVberg (d. 1806),
intendant of the theatre in 1779-1803, both by Widnmann. — The
Church of the Jesuits (PI. 1 ; 0, 4), with an elaborately adorned
fa^de, was built in 1733-56, The fom^r ArwaiU (PL 8j 0, 4)
LUDWIGSHAFEN. 33, Route, 279
was bailt in 1777-78. In front of it a bronze statue of MoUke, by
Upbnes, was erected in 1902. — The curious monument by Gmpello
in the Parade-Platz (PL C, 4) represents ^Time's Changes' (1741);
that in fnmt of the Raihaw (PI. G, 3, 4), erected in 1771, refers to
the foundation of Mannheim. — By the old Rh^n-Tor is a War
Momtmentj by Yolz (1896). — In the Kaiser-Ring, near the Central
Station, is a Bimuurek Monument by Hundrieser (1900). Near the
Water Tower (PI. D, 4), in the E. extension of the town, is the
Stddttsehe FesthaUe (PL E, 4; adm. on week-days 2-4, Sun. 1-2,
60 pf., at other times 1 Jf each), called the Rose Garden, erected
in 1899-1903 in the modem baroque style by Prof. Bruno Schmitz;
it contains the huge Nibelungen-Saal, with a frieze in relief re-
presenting the legend of Siegfried, and the smaller, richly adorned
Musen-Saal. Farther N. is a Panorama (PL E, 3; 60 pf.). — The
Neckar is spanned by the Friedrichs-Briieke (PI. D, 3), constructed
in 1890-91.
The spacious *Harbour (PI. A, ^, 4, 3, 2, 1), at the mouth of the
Neckar below the town, has been greatly extended since 1897, and
is admirably equipped with the docks, warehouses, railway con-
nections, and so forHi, that are required to deal with the important
trade of the town (p. 20).
The Bhine Bridge (PI. B, 6), built in 1866-68, and a steam-
ferry oehnect Mannheim with Ludwigshafen. The former, used by
the railway, tramway, and foot-passengers, has handsome portals
designed by Durm and adorned with groups of figures by Moest.
Ludwigshafen. — Railway Station, near the Rhine (PI. A, i)\ trains
to Neuttadt^ etc., see p. 294; to Wormt^ see pp. 2B3, 281; to Speyer^ see
p. 29T. Passengers to or from Mannheim change carriages.
Hotels. DBOTSOKBa Hacs, oor. of Ludwiga-Str. and Kaiser-Wilhelm-
Str., B. from 2, B. 1, D. at 12.30p.m. 2^3 Jf\ Pfalzek Hof.
Xestaurants. Oesellieha/tthauSy opposite the Roman Catholic Church,
witti garden and baths, D. i^l\Jl; HtinCt Brewerf^ Kaiser Wilhelm-Strasse.
Ludutigtihafen, an important commercial and manufacturing town
with 72,287 inhab., begun in 1843, was originally only the tHe-de-
pont of Mannheim. During the revolutionary war at the end of last
century it was several times the scene of sanguinary contests. The
Wharves are among the finest on the Rhine. The new churches, in the
Romanesque and Gothic styles, are well worthy of inspection. The
former (Roman Catholic) contains frescoes by Silssmeier. At the
rail, station is a monumental fountain (1897). — Above the town is
the Leopold Harbour, opened in 1897. — Branch-line to (8 M.)
Dannitadt,
Fbom Lddwigshapkn to GBOssKAaLBAGH, Wft M., railway in 2-2»/4 hrs.
Stationa: FHamheim (tramway, see p. 277), Oppmu^ Bdigheim^ Frankmthal
(p. 281), Hessheim, Heuchelheimy Dimutein, Laumersheim.
From Hannhbim to Cablsbuhb, 38 M., Rhine VaUey Rail'
way in I-I3/4 hr. (fares 4 uT 90, 3 uT 30, 2 ujf 10 pf. ; express 6 uT
280 BouU34.—Map,p,266. TOBRSTEIN.
60 pf., 3 ur 90, 2 ur 80 pf.). The fast express between Cologne
and Bile traTerses this line. — Immediately after leaTing Mann*
helm, and again at Schwetzingen, we see on the left the mountains
near Heidelberg. 2M. Neckarau^ an indnstrial snbnrb of Mannheim;
5 M. Rhemau, with a large new harbour. — 8V2 M. 8ekw€tMingeny
see p. 276. - The line now traverses pine-forests ; on the right the
Palatinate Mountains are yisible nearly the whole way. — Beyond
(13 72 ^0 Hodceriheim we catch sight of Speyer Cathedral, aeross
the Rhine. 15 M. Neuhusheim, 19^2 M. Waghausel, where the
Baden insurgents were signally defeated in 1849. — 20^2 M. Wiesen"
thai. — 25 M. Oraben-Neudorfy junction of the Bruehsal and Germers*
heim railway (p. 357), is connected with Carlsruhe by a loeal line
also. — 28Vo M. Friedriehthal; 31 M. BUtnhefUoeh; 34 M. Hagifeld.
-^ 38 M. CarUruke (p. 358).
34. From Mayence to Ludwigshafen (Mannheim).
Worms.
42 M. Railway in 1V4-2V4 hw-i fares 6 JT 60, 4 JT, 2 JT 70 pf.
Preu4ii8ch-H€»iUch€ Staaitbahn as far as Worms (in */A-V/t hr. ; fares 8 «# TO,
3 Ul 80, 1 jr 90 pf.) express 4 Ul 20, 3 JT 10, 2 JT 20 pf.) and beyond it
the PfdltUche Bahn.
Maytn6t, see p. 154. — The train starts from the Central Station,
trayerses the tunnel under the citadel to the South SttUkm^ near
the Neutor, and passes under the Darmstadt line (p. 261). — 472 ^*
Laubenheim ; 6 M. Bodenheim, Junction of a branoh-llne Tii Undent-
helm fsee below) and Gau-Odemhelm (p. 281) to (191/2 M.) Altey
(p. 286; l*/2lir.); 8*/2M. Nackenheim. These three wine-producing
villages lie on the Tine-clad hills to the right, not far from the Rhine*
11 M. Nierstein (DeuUcher Kaiser; Krone), a town with 4443
inhab., is noted for its careful vine-culture. 'Niersteiner' is one
of the best-known and most wholesome of Rhenish wines; it is
marked by a mildly-acid flavour with considerable aroma. Most
of the wine of Rhenish Hesse is sold under this name. On the
hill to the right rises an old watch-tower. Branch-line to (6 M.)
Vndenheim (see above).
I2V2M. Oppenheim (*RitUr, at the station, R. & B. 2-21/2 UT;,
an industrial town with 3700 inhab. , picturesquely situated on a
hill rising above the river, is oommanded by the church of St. Ca-
tharine and the ruined castle of Landskron. The town is mentioned
in the Roman itineraries as Bauconica; it afterwards became a city
of the empire and enjoyed the patronage of the Franoonian emperors,
particularly Henry lY . ; and at a still later period it was an important
member of the league of the Rhenish towns. In 1689 the town was
destroyed by the French.
On leaving the station we descend the avenue in a straight direc-
tion, then turn slightly to the left, pass Ae lofty round clock -tower,
and go through an archway below one of the streets. We ^en
GUNTERSBLUM. Map, p.^se,-^ 34, Route. 281
Mcend, skirting the medisTal walls to the (lQ-12 min.) ruins of
the once famous Imperial fortress of Landskrony which was burned
down by the French in 1689. It was erected in the reign of the
Emp. Lothaire, and restored by £mp. Rupert, who died here in
1410. It commands a magnificent Tiew of Oppenheim and the
yalley of the Rhine. — We next descend to the —
*Katharinen'Kirehe, a superb Gk)thic edifice, erected in 1262-1317
on the site of an older church, partly destroyed in 1689^ and thor-
oughly restored in 1878-89 from the designs of the late architect
Schmidt of Vienna. The E. part of the church forms a cruciform
edifice with a tower over the crossing and two W. towers. The W.
choir (abbey - church), which was consecrated in 1439, is now un-
used and shut off by a screen. The windows contain beautifiil tra-
cery ; most of the stained glass is modem. The clustered columns
with their delicate capitals should also be noticed. There are nu-
merous monuments of the Dalberg , Sicldngen, and other families.
The details of. the exterior repay a careful study. The sacristan
lives on an upper floor to the left of the steps at the principal S.
entrance (40 pf.). To the N., in the old churchyard, is 8t MichaeVa
Chapel (charnel-house).
In front of the S. portal of the church is the market-place, with
a War Monument for 1870-71 / the monument incorporates a column
of syenite with an inscription, dug up on the Landskron, and prob-
ably found in the Roman quarry on the Felsberg (p. 2591.
171/2 M. Onntersblum (Krone), a small town with 2000 inhab.,
possesses a Romanesque church with helmet-shaped towers. On the N.
side of the town is the chateau of Count Leiningen, with its gardens.
19 M. Alsheim; 21 M. Mettenheim. — From (23V2 M.) Osthofen
branch-lines run to Oau-Odemheim (12 M., in 1 hr.) and to West-
hofen (3V2 M.). On the Petersherg, near Gau-Odernheim, are the
ruins of an old abbey (ca. 1200).
28V2 M. Worms, see p. 282.
Frcm Worms to Mannheim, see p. 250; to Darmstadt, See p. 255$ to
Bensh&tm hnd Eeppenheim^ see p. 257; to Monsheim (Bingen, Diirkheim, etc.),
see p. 287; to OrUnsiadt, see p. 288.
31 V2 M. Bohenheim. — 35*72 M. Frankenthal (H6UI Lang;
Pfalxer Hof), a busy industrial town with 18,194 inhab., is known
to have existed in the 8th cent, and after 1554 was the refuge
of many Protestants who were banished from the Netherla^nds by
the Spaniards. It was fortified in 1608-89 and afterwards com-
Jletely rebuilt. An important porcelain factory flourished here from
755 to 1799. The portal of the late-Romanesque Alley Church,
situated at the back of the Roman Catholic church, founded in 1119
and consecrated in 1224, is worth inspection.
From (Lndwigshafen) Fbank£nthal to Fbbinshsim (p. 288), 8 M.,
railway in J/t hr. (75> 60 pf.). Stations: Flomersheim-Eppsfein, LambsAeim,
WeUenheim am Sand,
39 M. Oggersheim (Ejone), a town with 6100 inhabitants. The
282 RouU 3i. WORMS. History.
Loretto ChnrolL liere is a line bnildiag. A tablet on a house in
the Sehillei-Strasse leeords that Schiller resided here In 1781. He
was at that time engaged in writing his 'Kabale nnd Liebe*.
4t2 M. Lndwigshafttn, see p. 279. — Passengers for Mannheim,
Heidelberg, etc., change carriages here. Routes to Neustadt, Neun-
kirchen, Landau, Speyer, etc., see pp. 289, 290, 294, 297.
Worms. — The OciiTBAL Station (PI. B, 2), for all the above-mentioned
lines, ia aUnsted ViM. from the eaihednO. The Bhihs Sxatiom Uea about
Vs H. to the K. of the town, near the railway-bridge, see p. 255.
Hotala. In the Town: Altex Kaisbx (PL c; G, 7), Andreaa-Str. , near
the cathedral, an old-eatabliahed house with electric light and hot-air heat-
ing, B. 2i/r5, B. 1, D. 2>/t, omn. Vt Jf; H6tbi. Hakcmakii (PL dt C, 4),
Kammerer-Str. 24, E. 2V4» B. »/«, I>- 2»/t, omn. >/« **• — Wildix Mamn
(PI. e-, C, 3), Peters-Str. 11, near the market-place, patronized by Jewa,
R. iVs Jf. — Jfear the Station (with restaurants): EonopAfScirKB Hop (PL a;
B, 2); KAiSBaaoF (PI. f ; B. 2); Bbiohsksokb (PL g; B, 2\ Eatser-WilhelDa-
Str. 19, R. 2-3 Ul, B. 80 pf., well spoken of) fiAHMBOFS-HdiBL (PL b;
B, 2), plain.
Beataurants. Xailway Restaurant y very fair-, Ca/i Wei$t<> Kimmerer-
Str. 28; F9$lhmu Bettawant (p. 286), with garden, D. i^h *Mi Zut Cajiite,
WoU-Str. ; ZwOlf Apottel: Ebertburg^ Peters^aase; Catino Restauranty MtLT^t-
gasse 4, with garden. ~ Wine Rooms. Zum Toehiermanny Hafergasse; Clemen^,
WoU-Str.; McOtparttUy Grimhilden-Str., with small garden.
Bleetrio Tramways from the station to the town asd suburbs {e.g. to
PfiffUgheim-Hochheim^ p. 287).
Poat ft Telegraph Office (PL C, 2). Kammerer-Strasse.
Xirer Batha, below the Ernst Ladwig Bridge.
Steamboats to Maye&ce in 2s/«-8 hrs. The Oolofftte A Dnsseldorf boats
start near the Ernst Ludwig Bridge (comp. PL F, 2), those of the Nether-
lands line Vs ^- lower down (PL E, 1).
Worms (325 ft.), one of the most ancient , and in the middle
ages one of the most important towns in Germany, with 44,288 inhab.
(nearly 2/3 Prot., 1/3 Rom. Cath., and 2500 Jews), lies in the rich plain
of the Wonntgau^ on the left bank of the Rhine. The large new har-
bour has an imposing warehouse in the old German style and there
are manufactories of leather, wool, yam, and sparkling wine, etc., in
the town. Of the old fortifications only two towers (in the Ludwig-
Str. ; PI. D, 3) and a portion of the inner wall are still extant.
Worms is the Roman Borbetomague^ the seat of the Vangi^nee, For a short
time, during the period of the migrations of the barbarian hordes, it was
the capital of the Burgundian*^ who had descended from the Baltic Sea, but
the supremacy nf that race terminated ^ith the defeat of King Gundiear by
the Huns in 437. The Prankish kings, and afterwards Charlemagne and his
successors, frequently resided at Worms. The war against the sazona was
planned here in 772, and here the great contest concerning the investiture
of the bishops with ring and sta£f was adjusted bv the Concordat between
the Emp. Henry Y. and Pope Galiztus II. (1122). As a free city of the Em-
pire, Worms, in the disputes between the emperors and the nrinoes, always
espoused the cause of the former, and was specially faithful to the un-
fortunate Henry IV. Its fidelity was rewarded by the grant of various
privileges, chieflv of a commercial character. The union between Worms
and Mayence laid the foundation for the Confederation of Rhenish Towns
(1254). At Worms, in AprU, 1521, was held the Imperial Diet, at which
Luther defended his doctrines before the Emperor Charles V., six Kleotors,
and a large and august assemblage, eoncluding with the words : * JTsrs /
Mtandy J camoi act viheftoUe^ God h$lp me I Amen,*
Luthtf^B Monument. WORMS. 34. BouU. 283
The Thirty Tears' War proved very dUastroiu to Wormi, which wa«
repeatedlT occupied and laid under contribution by Mansfeld and Tilly,
the Spaniards, and the Swedes. In 1689 the town was treated with savage
cruelty by Kelac and the young Due de Cr^ui. After having been
pillaged, it was set on fire, and, with the exception of the cathedral and
synagogue, soon became one smouldering heap of ruins. The town re-
tained its independence down to the Peace of Lun^ville in 1801, and after
the short-lived French supremacy was annexed to Hesse-Darmstadt in
1815, when its inhabitants numbered about SOOO.
To Worms and to the Rosengarten (p. 386), on the opposite bank,
attach msny ancient traditions, preserved in the ^Kibelungenued' and other
heroic poems. Worms, indeed, is the centre of these romantic legends^ as
the city of the Burgundian King Gnnther it was the scene of Siegfried's
heroic achievements, of his death through the treachery of Hagen, and of
the revenge of Chriemhilde.
From the railway - station the Kaiser -Wilhelm - Strasse (PI.
B, C, 2; eleetric tramway, see p. 282) leads to the former Neu-Tor
and to the Luther-Platz , sitnsted at the entrance to the old town.
Tlie square is embellished with Anther's Xonnment (PI. G, 2, 3),
designed hy Bietschel (d. 1861) in 1856, &nd modeUed by KUtx^
Donndorf, and Schilling of Dresden (erected in 1868).
This imposing memorial of the great Reformer of Germany, the ex-
ecution of which occupied 13 years and cost about 17,0001., merits
examination. A massive platform, 16 yds. square and S'/a it. high, bears
in its centre a large pedestal, surrounded by seven smaller ones. The
central base or pedestal is surmounted by another pedestal in bronze,
adorned with reliefs from Luther's life, and medallion-portraits of his
contemporaries who contributed to the Reformation. On it stands Luther's
statue in bronze, a commanding figure, 10^2 ft in height In his left hand
he holds a Bible, on which his right hand is placed emphatically; while
his face, on which faith is admirably pourtrayed, is turned upwards. *He
is surrounded by a row of bold spirits, who before, or along with him
had fought the last struggle for the freedom of the Reformation, or were
privileged to promote it in various positions of life.' At the corners of
the chief pedestal, in a ^tting posture, are four precursors of the Reform-
ation: in front, r. Huss (d. 141^ I. Savonarola (d. 1498); at the back,
r. Wycliffe (d. 1387) , 1. Petrus Waldus (d. 1197). On the side-pedestals
in front are Philip the Generous of Hesse on the right, and Frederick the
Wise of Saxony on the left; at the back Melanchthon on the right, and
Reuchlin on the left (each 9 ft in height). Between these, on lower ped-
estals, are allegorical figures of the towns of (r.) Magdeburg (mourning),
(l.) Augsburg (making confession), and (at the back) Speyer (protesting).
Between these figures are the arms of the 24 towns of Germany which first
embraced the reformed faith. — Best light in the morning.
To the S. of the Lnther-Platz is the HeyUhof, built for Baron Heyl
in 1884 on the site of the Bisehofshoff or episcopal palace, in which
Luther made his defence in 1521 , and which was destroyed by the
French. The garden is open daily, 11-5 («ntr. in the Schloss-Platz ;
gratuity).
The ^Oftthedral (PI. G, 3; Rom. Gath.)> dedicated to SS. Peter
and Paul, is of very ancient origin, dating as to its ground-plan and
Its oldest part (lower half of W. towers) from the 11th and early
12th cent, (consecrated in 1110); the remainder of the building was
conseerftted in 1181. The W. choir and tow^t are under restora-
tion, while the dome over the cross has heen rebuilt. The S. por-
tal, richly adorned with sculptures of Scriptural sul^ects and alle-
284 Route 34, WORMS. CaAedrdl.
gorieal flgares of the Ghareh and the Synagogue, was re-ereoted in
the Gothic style ahout the end of the 13th centary. With its fonr
slender round towers, two domes, and douhle choir, the cathedral
ranks, like those of Speyer and Mayenee, among the finest examples
of Romanesque architecture in the Rhineland. The exterior in par-
ticular is strikingly effectiye.
The Interior (closed 12-2 ^ entrance on the S. side; a boy may be seat
for the sacristan; 1 pers. SO, 2 pera. 50 of., 8-5 pert, i Jf) ia M yds.
long, 28 yds. wide , across the Iraneept 40 yds. wide, nare 105 ft. Ugh.
Immediately to the right, in the eecond S. chapel (St. Joseph's), la a white-
washed relief (i2th cent.), representing Daniel in the lions* den. — The
BapHtUry^ on the right side of the 8. Portal, contains Aye large ^High
Relict in stone, dating from 1487 and 1488, admirably executed, brought
hither on the demolition of the old cloisters of 1484 1 they represent Uie
Adoration of the Shepherds (I), Annunciation, Deposition in the Tomb, Re-
surrection, and Gtenealogy of Ohrist. The coats -of- arms and keystones
placed here are also from the eloisters. The late-Oothic Fmi is fh>m
the chapel of St. John, taken down in 1807.
The Tombstone of the Three Frankith Frineesses of the 14th cent, now
in the N. aisle, is interesting. — To the left in the B. choir is a mntOated
Romanesque relief of St. Juliana and the Devil, inscribed *Otto me fedt*.
The choir-stalls and rococo high-altar should be noticed.
It may interest those versed in German lore to know that the
space in front of the cathedrid is said to have been the scene of the
quarrel between Brunhilde and Chriemhilde, recorded in the 14th
Adventure of the Nibelungenlied.
In the Dechaneigasse, to the S. of the cathedral-square, is the
building of the District Court (1738) on the right, and the Town
Library (PI. 0, 8), containing some rare Impressiona, on the left.
— A little to the S.W. is the late - Romanesque itniircaa-JKrcftc
(PI. B,4; closed).
The streets to the E. lead from the cathedral to the Markbt
Place, which contains the DreifaUigbeits-Kirehe (PL C, 3) or Church
of the Trinity, buUt in 1724.
In the Hagen-Strasse, to the E. of the market-place, rises the
Stadthaus (PI. 0, 3), rebuUt in 1883-84 after designs by 8eidl.
The large hall contains a fresco by Prell, representing Emp.
Henry IV. conferring important commercial privileges on the town
(1074). The extensive archives are housed in the pavilion in
the court.
TheKXMMBBBn-STBA8SB(Pl. 0, 3, 2; electric tramway), leading
N. from the market-place, is the chief business thoroughfare of the
town. — We follow the FSrbergasse to the E. to the —
Paulns-Kirehe (PI. D, 3), a Romanesque building of 1102-16,
inferior in interest to the cathedral alone. The W. poioh and the
choir, in the form of a half decagon, date from the beginning of
the 13th century. The interior, restored at the beginning of the
18th cent, in the baroque style, contains the Pauku IftMcum, i4i
extensive and well-arranged collection of Germanic antiquitlet of
all epochs, among which are partieulaily good examples of Roman
glass, helmets, and swords. Adm. on Sun., 10.30-12.80, free; on
Paulxu Museum. WORMS. 34. Route. 285
other days, on application to the custodian , 50 pf., for a party
» 25 pf. each.
The doors of the handsome Romanesque W. Portal are a copy of those
of Hildesheim Cathedral.
Interior. On the left and right side respectively of the Vbstibolb are
prehistoric antiquities of the earlier and the later iron age; also Roman
altars, milestones, piles of Roman bridges, etc. In the Nayb are Roman
Antiquities^ chiefly from Worms and its neighbourhood, including an ex-
tensive collection of Roman glass; three helmets, a military diploma of
90 A.D., terracotta vessels, etc. The Frankith A»tijuitie* are also arranged
here ; bronze vessels with early Christian representations ; numerous ob-
jects found in tombs; mediaeval objects; tombstones of the ii-18th cent-
uries. — In the Chois are two panel paintings from the cathedral, perhaps
part of a reliquary (ca. 1250); late-Gothic wood-carvings, painted and
gilded (15th cent.); articles found in the tomb of Bishop Conrad of Worms
(d. 1192). — The Sacbistt contains works in iron and a collection of
coins, including about 3000 'bracteates' of the 18th century. — In the
Oallbbt are antiquities of the civic guilds; goblet, hat, gloves, and
heralds* staves used by the delegates from Worms to the Frankfort
*Pfeifergericht\ mentioned by Goethe in ^Dichtung und Wahrhelt'. In the
side rooms are ethnographical collections, views of the city, etc.
In the Oloistbss are Roman well-heads, roof-tiles, vessels, etc. Roman
and Byzantine textiles (2nd-7th cent.); also prehistoric antiquities of the
stone age.
A room, furnished in the Gothic style, in the K. tower beside the W.
portal, contains the ''Luther Library'', with rare early editions of the works
of Luther and his contemporaries and also three letters of Luther. — The
S. tower contains works printed at Worms in 1512 and later.
In the Lud^tigs-Platz (PI. C, 2) is an OhtUsk to the memory of
Grand-Dnke Lewis IV., erected in 1895. Close by, In the Martlns-
gasse, stands the ChwcTi of 81, Martin (PL C, 2), built in 1265,
pMtly destroyed by fire in 1689, and restored in 1888 ; it contains
old mural paintings (ruined). — In the Judengasse, to the right, is
the Synagoctne (Pi. D, 2), an insignificant building dating from
the 11th cent., remodelled in the 13th cent., and now quite
modernised (key at No. 27, Judengasse; fee 50 pf.). Behind the
adjacent Baschl Chapel (which owns prayer-books of the Romanesque
period), the old JewUh Bath (11th cent.) was discovered in 1900.
The Jewish community of Worms is one of the oldest in Germany.
In the industrial Mayence suburb, which was destroyed by the
Swedes and French and has but lately been rebuilt, the noble late-
Gothic Liebfranen-Xirehe (^Church of Our Lady; PL D, 1), alone
escaped (key at Liebfrauenstlft 21). The church, which was restored
in 1882-88, is in the shape of a cruciform basilica, with an am-
bulatory and two W. towers. It replaces an older edifice and was
consecrated in 1467; the keystone of the vaulted roof bears the
arms of the different corporations of Worms who caused it to be
built. Inside, to the right of the entrance Is a painted sculpture of
the Entombment (14th cent.). The stained glass is modern. Hand-
some choir-stalls. — The wine called Liebfrauenmileh is yielded by
vineyards near the church.
Worms is connected with the right bank of the Rhine by a railway-
bridge Cp. 256) and by the Emst-Ludwig-SHleke (PI. F, 8; toll 3 pf.). an
iron bridge of three arches, erected in 1898-1900. From the centre of the
286 BOUU35. ALZBT.
latter we commaad s good view of tbe Odenwald and of the HaardL -^
The barren right bank of the river immediately below the bridge is all
that represents the famous Roftnaarten (PI. F, 2), once an island in the Rhine.
In the Festhsas-Strasae, ^U M. to the S.W. of the station, is the
mnnicipal /Spiel d; Fut-Haut (PI. B, 3), for popular recreations, with a
restaurant. — The Water Tawtr at the end of the Dalberger-Str. (PL A, 2),
in the new W. quarter of the town, commands a wide panorama (adm.
by order from the Director of the Town Water Works, Klo8ter>8tr.).
On the branch railway from ITorms to Q^vhdhtiiin (7M. in Vzhr.) lies
(2 M .) fferrmheim, with a beautiful private park, to which visitors are
admitted.
35. From Bingen or Mayence vi& Alzey to Kaisers-
lautem, Vformn, or Nenstadt.
RaiLWAX FBOM BiMOBN TO Alzbt, Qffi/t H., in 1V« hr. (Una 2 Ul 80,
2 Ul 10, i jr 4a pf.); TO WoftMs, d9 M., in 2V4 hrs. (fares 6 Ul 20, 8 JT 90,
2ul60pf.). — Fbom MATBircB to Alsuet, 25i/tlLt in li/shr. (fares 3 JT 40,
2 JV 60, 1 Ul 70 pf.). — From Alzbt to KussBSLADTBaK, 35 H., in 2 hra.
(fares 4jr(K), 2ul60, IJTBO pf.). — Fbom Alzbt to Kbust^idt CHesaiache
Lttdwigsbahn^ to Monsheim, and beyond it TlUsisehe Bahn'), 36 M., in
21^3 hrs. (2nd d. 3 JT 40 pf.. 3rd cl. 2 UV 20 pf.). — The route from Mayence
to Neustadt vi& Ludwigshafen is preferable (express in 2 hrs.).
Fbom Bin GBN (p. 129) to Alzbt. — The train leaves the Rhine at
(2M.) Kempten (Krone), and turns soathwards. — 3V2M. Budctheim"
Dromersheitn is also a station on the strategic line mentioned at p. 140.
Both villages produce wine. — 7M. Oeruingtn'HorrweiUr ; 8VaM.
Welgesheint'-Zotzenheim ; 10 M. Sprendlingen (branch-line to WoU^
aUin-Furfeld)', I2V2 M. Qaubickelheim; 13Vs M. Wallerth^m, At
(16 M.) Armsheinif with a Gothic church of 1430, a branch-line di-
verges for F^onAdm and Wtfiuieta^m. idyiM.Amg.— ^O^IiU. Alzey ^
Fkom Matbnob (central station ; p. 164) to Alzbt. — 472 M.
Oonaenheim, a favourite resort of the Mainzers (pleasant excursion
through the Muhlbaeh-Tal to the Lenneberg or LefUaberg^ V2^m s^o
p. 165). To the left is the Roman aqueduct of Zahlbadi ; to the ri|^t
lies Finthen. — 6 M. Marienbom ; 8V2 M. KUin - Wintemheim; 1 1 M.
Nieder-Olm; 14 M. Nieder'Saulheim; I6V2 M. Worratadt (Krone);
2OV2 M. Armaheim (see above); 24 M. Albig. — 26 Vi M. Ahey.
Alley (Darmatddter Hof, R. 1^/4, D. 2 uTj, a Hessian town
with 74&4 inhab., on the ScIk^ possesses the ruins of a eastile destroy-
ed by the French in 1687. It was the AUiaia of the Romans and
its name occurs in the Nibelungenlled. Alzey is the junction for
several railways.
Fbom Alzbt to Kaisb&slautb&n. — 3 M. WakUieim; 6 M.,
Morachhcim-Jlbeaheim, — 91/2 M. Kirekheimboluiden (880 ft. ;
Trunk, R. & B. 21/4-21/2 ^ ; Traube), a busy Uttle town of 3647 inhab.
with a chiteau of the former princes of Nassau-Weilburg, built in
1753 and restored after a fire in 1861 (interesting ohapel).
Fbom Kibohhbimbolandbn to the DoNNBBSBSBa. A good road asoenda
from the town to (4ys M.) DmtmnfeU^ situated on the slope to the 8. of
the road, in the midst of beantifal old chestnut -trees, and visited as a-
summer-resort. Ahout'/* M. farther up through wood is the Villa I>onnwr$-
Jf gjlomet-ei 1:500000- '--\, } } * ^^En^lMilew
G6LLHEIM. 35. Route. 287
h4rg^ a hotel and pension, with a view-terrace. Pleasant paths, well-pro-
vided with finger-posts, lead from the village and from the villa to various
points of view on the E. and 8. slopes of the Donnersberg. The tower
(98 ft. high), on the top of the Donnersberf (2246 ft.), the Mona JovU of
the Romans, and the French Mont Tonnerre^ commands an extensive view.
Near the tower is a fiirmly constructed fragment of a Celtic fort. — Fbom
BocKENHAUSBN (p. 169), a railway-station on the W. side of the mountain,
the ascent occupies the same time. A road leads thence to (4Vs M.) the
village of Marienthal^ whence the tower is reached in 1 hr. more. — The
Donnersberg may also be ascended from Winntogiler (p. 169 ; through the
Falkenstein valley, steep, 3 hrs.), or, most conveniently, from JBSrrttadt
(see below; l*/* hr.). — From Dannenfels to OmJuim (see below) viil
Jakobsveiler and Dreiien^ 5Vs M.
13 M. Marnheim ; branch-line to (8 M.) Monsheim (see below),
Ti& Albisheim, Harxheim-Zell^ and Wachenheim.
15 M. QoUheim-DreUen. Gdllheim {Ochse, R. & B. II/2, D.
IV2 •M), an old market-village with 1600 inhab., lies 11/2 M. to
the S.E. of the station. Near it rises the HasenhiMy where Emperor
Adolph of Nassau was defeated and slain by Albert of Austria on
.2nd July, 1298. At the S.W. end of the town, beside a venerable
elm, is a modem Chapel, surrounded by gardens, into the walls of
which is built the old 'Eouigskreuz', a figure of the Saviour in red
sand-stone, erected on the battlefield in the 14th century.
18 M. Borratadt (ascent of the Donnersberg, see above). — 21 1/2 M.
LangmeU'MunchweUer (Frank). For the Alsenz line, see p. 169.
24 M. Neuhemsbach-Semback, — 2672 M. Enkenbach (Riess)
contains the interesting late-Romanesque church of a Pr»monstra-
tensian abbey, founded in 1150 and suppressed in 1664. The
church (restored since 1876) is adjoined on the S. by a cloister, one
walk of which formed the S. transept of the church. Fine W.
portal. — 3IV2 M. EseUfufih, with the Bafbarosia Parky belonging to
Kalserslautem. The(2V4M.)BremefAo/'is a favourite pleasure-resort.
331/2 M. KaiserslauUm (N. Station) ; 35 M. Kaiaeralautem (Prin-
cipal Station), see p. 295.
Fbom Alzby to Wobms. — 21/2 M. Kettenheim; 5 M. Eppels^
heim; 7 M. Oundersheim; 972 M. Niederflorsheim, — 11 M. Mobs*
helm, the junction for Neustadt and for Marnheim (see above). —
15 M. Pfeddersheim. — I6V2 M. Pfiffligheiniy with a very ancient
elm CLuther-Baum'l; light railway (p. 282) hence to (8/4 M.) Hoch-
heim. - I872 M. Worms, see p. 282.
Fbom Monsheim toNbustadt. — IV4M. HohensiUzen; 272 M.
Bockerhheim; 472 M. Albsheim (p. 288).
572 M. Orunstadt (Jakobslust^ with restaurant and garden,
R. 172-1^/4, B. 3/4 ulf,- StatioTh Hotel; Qoldener Engel), a town with
4514 inhabitants. The ruins of the old chateaux of Alt- and Neu-
Leinmgen, destroyed by the French in 1690, lie near villages of the
same names, 28/4 M. and 68/4 M. to the S.W. (branch-railway).
Fbom Gk&vbtadt to Eibbkbebo and HKTTBirLBxoBLHBni, 6Vs '^^ ^ ^m
in ca. Vsbr. — The train ascends the valley of the Eisbaeh, passing numerous
clay-pits. IV4 M. Asgelheim. At (2V2 M^ Merte»h6im diverges the line for
UeUenleiJelheim. — 3VsM. Ebertsheim. — o^t M. Eisenberg (Derlinger), whence
288 B,36,-Map8,pp,^86,^94. DCRKH£IM. Rhenish PalatinaU.
a diligence plies thrice daily to QdUheim (p. 287). O^Uheim may also be
reached in 2V4 hrs., by a pleasant d^toar via the old conyent of Ro9en(hdl^
with an interesting late-€k>thic church (15th cent.)
From Gk6n8Tai>t to Wobmb, lO^/t M., railway in IV4 br., vi& Atbthehn
(p. 287), Offtteitt, and Weinthekn.
8 M. Kirchheim-an-der-Eck, From (11 M.") Freinsheim a
brancb-line diverges to Frankentbal (see p. 281). I272 M. Erpolz-
heim. Extensive vineyards in every direction.
A little fartber on begin tbe Haardt MountainSi now including
tbe entire mountain - region extending W. from Grunstadt and
Weissenburg to Kaiserslautem and Pirmasens, tbongb originally the
name was limited to the district ending at Neustadt. The Haardt
forms a W. counterpart to the Odenwald, from which, it is separated
by a broad depression running from SSW. to NNE., now covered
with alluvial deposits from the Rhine and later tertiary rocks. "With
the exception of a few spots on the E. verge where older rocks
occur, the entire Haardt consists of variegated sandstone, and presents
the appearance of a plateau gradually sloping down to the Saar,.
furrowed with ravines at the edges. A considerable fault separates
it from the coal-basin of Saarbruck.
I5V2 ^' Barkheim. — Hotels. HdTKL Hausslino, with small garden,
near the Kur-Qarten, B. i^lf^k, B. >/«} !>• I'A'^i P^ns. i-hM; Kubhaus
pAXK-HoTSL, also near the Knr-Ghtrten, new, with steam-heating, gavden
and bath-honse, pens. 5-9 U>, both visited ifor the grape-cnre. — Cafi-
Rettawant Sch&pple (B. & B. iytJf)^ wine at Bach-Meyer's and Dietz^s^
Gau-Str.
Durkheim (435 ft.), with 6326 inhab., one of the busiest towns
in the Palatinate, with its conspicuous new Gothic spire, is beauti-
fully situated among the vineyards of the Haardt Mts. The town was
almost entirely rebuilt after the ravages of the French In 1689. It
afterwards enjoyed great prosperity as the residence of the Princes
of Leiningen-Hartenburg, whose handsome palace, in which Iffland
(p. 278) once acted, and which was burned down by the French in
1794, occupied the site of the present town-hall. Therd are a few
antiquities in the town -hall. The neighbouring salt -baths of
PhilippshalU attract a few visitors in summer and autumn. The town
is surrounded by pleasant promenades.
On an abmpt eminence at the entrance to the Isenaeh-Talf abont IMiM.
to the W. of Durkheim, lie the picturesque ruins of the Benedictine Aobey
of ^Limbnrf , once a chateau of the Salic Count Conrad the Elder, who was
elected king of Germany in 1024 (Conrad II.). His eldest son Conrad
having perished while engaged in hunting, the king determined to
convert his ancestral castle into a religious house for the welfare of his
son's soul. On i2th July^ 1030, at 4 a.m., as the chroniclers inform us,
he and his queen Gisela accordingly laid the foundation-stone of the
church, and at a later hour on the same day he is said to have laid also
the first stone of the Speyer cathedral. The Abbey of Limburg was com-
pleted twelve years later and presented to the Benedictines, who soon
acquired large possessions. The abbots placed themselves under the
protection of the Hartenburg Counts of Leiningen, but having quarrelled
with them, their abbey was taken and destroyed by Count Emich VUI.
in 1504. The buildings were parUy re-erected between 1516 and 1564,
but the abbey having been suppressed by Elector Frederick III. In 1574
Rhenbh PalaikuUe. WACHENHEIM. 35. BouU. 289
they gradually fell to decay. The rains of the imposiag Basilica, which
now belong to government, a£ford an admirable example of the style
of the 11th cent., and are surrounded with pleasant grounds. The S.W.
tower, dating from the beginning of the i6th cent., commands a fine view
(137 steps). The walls surrounding tiie chureh, part of the original cloisters,
and the burial -chapel, which is. open at the B. side, are still preserved.
Charming view in three different directions. (Inn at the top.)
We may now proceed towards the W., either by a hilly path along
the heights, or by Bau$«n, to the Hartenburg, the conspicuous red ruins
of which are situated in the Isenach-Tal, 2V4 M. from the Limburg. This
extensive castle was erected by the Counts of Leiningen about the year
1216-90, and was afterwards enlarged; in 1510 it was restored in the Re-
naissance style, and in 1794 it was blown up by the French. The ruin is
surrounded with pleasant promenades. On the B. side, on the path from
the I4mburg, there is a large grass-plot where tournaments were once
held, planted with fine lime-treea, and commanding a pleasing survey of
the valley. At the foot of the castle lies the village of ffarttnburg (Hirsch),
3 H. from Ddrkheim by the highroad. — A walk from Hartenburg up
tke pretty Itemtch-TcU to Frankenstein (p. 296) takes about 8 hours.
To the K. W. of Diirkheim rises the wooded Kattanienhtrgy the summit
of which is enclosed by a rude stone rampart, 60-100 ft. broad, 7-13 ft.
high, and about 2 M. in circumference, called the Heidenmaner, and
probably, like the similar structure on the Altkdnig (p. 247), of ancient Ger-
manic origin. On the right rises the Tet^feltstein, a rock 18 ft. in height.
The ^heathens^ wall' and the abbey of Limburg furnished Cooper with
the background for one of his novels. The paths are provided with
finger-posts, which indicate the way to several good points of view.
On the hill to the right, beyond D&rkheim, we observe the
Llmbnrg, and nearer the railway rises the ^Flaggentarm' (view). —
18 M. Waohenheim (Daiberger Hof)y with 'liOO Inhab. ; on the
hill lies the rained Wachtenburg or OeUraburg , once the property
of the Salic dnkes, and afterwards that of the Counts Palatine, de-
stroyed in 1689. The handsome country-houses and gardens here
belong to wealthy wine-merchants. To the right lies Forst (Krone),
a village which yields excellent wine. — 20 M. Doidesheim (Ooldene
Katme; Wtidlauf; Bayeriseher Hof; wine at all; Rail. Restaurant
of the Win%erverein) Is another wine-producing place (2700 inhab.)
and the residence of many extensive vineyard-proprietors. 21^2 M.
Konigsbaehy with large sandstone -quarries. — 23 M. Mussbaeh
(Welsaes Ross; wine at Nauert*s), with the ch&teau of Bwckshofj
aluminium-works, and large Tineyards ; on the hill to the right lie
the long villages of Lobloch and Oimmeldingen (Hammel, very fair,
with view-terrace).
25 M. Neustadt, see p. 290.
36. From Lndwigshafen to Weissenburg and
Strassbnrg.
BAII.WAT to Wiit9«nbwrg (48 M.) in l*/4-2Vs hrs. (fares 6 Ul 20, 4 UllO,
3 Ul 66 pf.( express, 7 Ul 10 pf. or 4 Jf); thence to (41 M.) Strauburg in
lVi^hr8.(fares6Uir60, 8 UT 70, 2 UT 70 pf. ; express6Ulia, 4^a0pf.). —
The quickest throngh-voute to Strassburg is vift Speyer, see B. 38.
Ludwigshafenj see p. 279. The train traverses the fertile plain
of the Rhine, with its extensive vineyards and fields of corn and
tobacco. — 3 M. Bheingonheim ; 5 M. Mutterstadt.
Babobkks^s Rhine. 16th Edit. 19
290 BouUSe. NEUSTADT. From LudiDig$hafm
7Y2M. Schiffentadty the junction for Speyer (51/2 ^n i^^ V4 ^^O?
Germersheim, and Strassburg (see p. 297).
The train approaches the Haardt Mts. — IOV2 M. BoU-IggeU
heim ; 13 M. Hassloch ; I8V2 ^- Neustadt^ jtinotion for the lines to
Durkheim, Alzey (R. 35), and Kaiserslautern-Neunkirchen (R. 37).
"StUBtsAt an der Haardt. — Hotels. *Lowb, near the atation, B. 3-3,
B. Ij D. 2-21/2^1, good wine, with caf^-restaorant; Bailwat Hotel, in the
Saalbau (see below), with restaurant and garden, B. 2-4, B. 1, D. IV2 •#,
very fair v Lamm, opposite the Lowe, E. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2-3 U>, fairj BArsi-
scHEB HoF, Pfalzbb Hof, both near the station.
Bestanrants. *Railwav Restaurant { Old Oerman Wine Boamty Gabels>
beiger-Strasse, near the Saalbau; AUe Ffalt; WaldmanMbwg^ with view.
Amexioan Agent, Herr Leopold Blum.
Neu8tadt (450 ft. ; 18,526 inhah.), situated at the entrance to
the valley of the Speytrhach^ the largest town in the Haardt district
(p. 288), possesses several paper-mills, and carries on a considerable
wine- trade. (Palatinate wines, see Introd.) Opposite the station
is the Saalhau^ built in 1871-2, with large halla for balls and
concerts , a hotel , and a restaurant (see above). A monument in
the small square behind it commemorates Herr Hetzel, a banker,
to whom the town, owes several benevolent institutions. The hand-
some Gothic Ahhey Church, in the market-place, founded in 1354
and completed in 1489, contains the tombstones of several of the
Counts Palatine, the founders of Neustadt ; the choir is used by
Roman Catholics, the nave by Protestants. In the nurket-place are
also a monumental fountain and the 8tadthau8f formerly a Jesuit
college (1743). A house opposite has a carved wooden balcony of
1580. To the left, beyond the Stadthaus, is the modem Gothic
Roman CatiioUe CMireA, separated by the Speyerbach from the Ca$i-
mirianum (1578), once a theological seminary. The Hettel Anlage
to the S.W. of the town contains a monument to Bismarck (1904).
About 1 M. to the W. of the station are the iSTcAii^MnAatM (restaurant),
affording a good view of Neustadt, and the new Bealtchuk. Farther on, at
about the same height above the Valley, opens the ScMntdl, with its
beautiful fountains (restaurant); opposite rises the Wolfsburg (p. 291).
A walk through the Schontal brings us to the shady Kaltenbrunner Tat,
which begins at the KSmgt-MUhie (restaurant). — A pleasant path leads
past the (3 M.) Kalie Brunnen and through the Finster-Tai (numerous finger-
posts) to (2Vt hrs.) the Sohftnzel (2020 ft.*, view-tower: comp. p. 291), in
defending which the Prussian General von Pfau fell in 1794. Befreshments
may be obtained at the forester'^s house. Thence through the Triefen-Tal
to Edenkdben (p. 291 ; 2 hrs.), or through the shady HUttenbruimer - Tal
(2V« hrs.) or vil Bambera (L6we) and Alberweiler (p. 801) to (3 hrs.) Jnn-
wHler (p. 301).
About IVs M. to the N. of Keustadt lies the village of Haardt, near
whieh rises the ch&teau of Winzingen, or ^Haardter Sdil8uAen\ rebuilt in
1825 in the French Benaissance style. — By the third house in Haardt Is
a finger-post, indicating the way, leading past the vineyards^ and then to
the right by the Kaieerweg, ta the Wilhelmt-FUts (2 M. from Keustadt),
which commands a superb view to the 8. A zigzag path leads hence in
40min. to the tower on the Weinbiet (1820 ft.: always open), which com-
mands an extensive view. A blue-marked path indicates the way thence
to the (25 min.) Bergstein (1260 ft.), affording a beauUful view of Neustadt,
{tcQ-j^. -AjLp. V ^^jp.-Br A D b1;b<] rtrninj^ ,
-*>rKff^
I ' /.Writes f LI,. • "-^.^ f ■''■'■'' fL ■ Lhifi
i' ., -^ I > L H W 1 Tib
to Strasiburg. LANDAtT. SB, Boute, 291
the Speyerbach-Tal, and the SehSntal. From the Berggtein we proceed to
t|ie (40 min.) ruin of Wo^ftburff and thence to (40 min.) Neustadt.
Fkom Neustadt to thb Maxbubg, IV4 hr. From the road to the W.
of the station we cross the viaduct and follow the road to the S. to
Ober-Bambach and (2 IL) MUtel-Hambach. At the 'Enger Inn we tnm to
the right, at the W. end of the village-street to the left (under an arch-
way), and after 8 min. take the zigzag path to the left, which leads to
the (12 min.) saddle behind the Haxburg. A preferable route ascends the
*Hambacher Treppenweg' (steps), opposite the above-mentioned viaduct;
after 6 min. we take the road to the right, and in 8 min. more follow
the path to the left along the slope above Ober-Hambach , paasing the
Bestaurant Waldmannsburg. Or about 20 paces beyond the path to the
iust-mentioned restaurant, we may ascend a path to the left, then softer
0 min. (red way-marks) a path to the right; in 5 min. more, beyond a
quarry, ascend to the left, and proceed along the slope above Ober-Ham-
bach to the (1, hr.) Maxburg. — The Maxbnrg, or Hanibacher Sehloss, for-
merly called the JKestehburff ('chestnut castle"), is conspicuously situated
on a spur of the Haardt, 1080 ft. above the sea, and about 650 ft. above
the plain (shown by the custodian ; no fee). The handsome chateau was
re-ierected in the Gothic style by Voit, by order of King Max II. of Bavaria,
but is in a neglected condition. The mediseval castle is said to have been
built by Bmp. Henry II. and was destroyed by the French in 1638.
A steep path descends from the Maxburg by OMer-HambacH to (Vs hr.)
Diede^ld and (V4 hr.) the railway-station of Ifaikammer (see below). — Or
from the Maxburg we may proceed to (i/s hr.) the village of Maihammery
(1 hr.) Edenkobent (}/t hr.) Rhodt, and the Villa LvdwigtMJie (see below).
Nenstadt is a terminal station. The train next skirts the exten-
sive vineyards of the Haardt district, commanding beantifal views,
especially by morning-light. — 22^2 M. Maikammer - Kirrweiler
(Rail. Restaurant, very fair) ; to the right rises the Maxburg (see above j
1 hr. firom here) ; farther distant is the Kalmit (2236 ft.); ^th a view-
tower (2 hrs. from Neustadt). On a height more to the S., by the
village of 8t, Martin (Goldener Wolf), are the ruins of the Kropsburg,
23 Va M. Edenkohen (Qoldenes Schaf, with garden; Walihaus^
at the mouth of the Edenkoben Valley, 2 M. from the station ; omn*
from the station to the town, 2/3 M. , 25 pf .), a cheerful little town
of 6144 inhab. , with a sulphur-spring, is much frequented for the
grape-cure in autumn.
Near the thriving village of Rhodt^ 3 M. from Edenkoben, is seen the
royal Villa Jktdioiffshdhe^ built by King Lewis I. of Bavaria after Gartner's
designs (charming view), above which rises the ruined Rietburg or Ripp-
Imrg, On the opposite (right) side of i\it. ^d^koben^ Tal (8 M. from the
station) stands a Monummt of Victory and Peace , unveiled in 1899 , with
statues and an allegorical relief. A pleasant route leads hence through
the HCttenbrurmenrTal to the top of the (2V2 hrs.) SchSnzel (p. 290).
26V2 M. Edesheimi 27V2 M. Knoringen, The train crosses the
Queichf whl(ih formed the boundary between Alsace and the Palatinate
down to 1815, and separates the Yosges and Haardt Mts.
30 M. Landau (480 ft. ; *Schwan, Gerber-Str., Kbrber, Reiter-
Str., unpretending, both at the W. end of the town, % M. from the
station ; *Kronprintf with garden, well spoken of, Bayrischer Hof^
both in Ostbahn-Str., near the station), a town with 17,141 inhab.,
Incl. a large garrison, was a fortified place at an early period. In the
Thirty Years* War and in the wars with Louis XIV. it was frequently
besieged. From 1680 down to 1815 It remained In the hands of the
19*
292 R.3e.'Map,p.290. WEISSENBURG. FromLudwigihafen
French, after which it was annexed to Bayaria. In 1871 the fortl-
flcations were remoyed. In front of the Commandant's Residence is
the lAUtpoldbrunneny with an equestrian statue of the Prince Regent
of Bayaria (1892). The late-Gothio Augustiner £trcA« dates from
1407, the early Gothic Collegiate Chur<^ from 1285. The Muaeum,
£onig-Str. 21, in an old convent, contains archaeological and
historical collections (adm. 20 pf.).
From Landan to Gtrmersheim aad ZweibrUekent see B. 39. Branch-liae
to Herxbeim.
About 5 M. to the N.W. of Landau and 7 M. to the S.W. of Edenkobea
(diligence daily from both, in !*/« ancl ^^/t hrs.) is the village of 01ei»-
weiler (1015 ft.), which lies at the foot of the TtufeUbvrg (1980 ft. ; yiew
of the Yosges). with a large Hydropathic (whey, grape, and koumiss cures),
which caters for tourists also. — Pleasant walk to the K.W. to the ruin
of Schar/eneek (iVs hr.), or to the W. to the Ormiiberff (p. 801), both with
fine views.
To the right are visible the Madenhurg, the Trifels, the M&nz-
berg, and the Rehberg (comp. p. 801). — 3372 M. Inaheim. —
35 M. Rohrhach,
Fbom Bohbbaoh to KLiKGEMMfiMSTEB, 6 M., railway in 35 minutes.
3Vs M. BmighHrn-Miihlho/tn; 3 H. Ingenheim-Appmhofen; 4Vs M. KUngm-
ffeitchdheim. — Klingenrniinater (Oehs)^ on the Klingbach, at the foot oi
the Haardt, had a Benedictine convent, founded in 660 by Dagobert II.,
of which only the church (rebuilt in 1736) remains. Klingenmiinster also
contains the extensive JHttriet LvmeMc Atflum. Above the village rises the
imposing ruin of Landeck O/b t^'O. The tower on the TreiteUkopf affords
a fine view of the mountains of the Palatinate. — From Klingenmiinster
we may go on to Mtfnehweiler and (S'/s M.) <Stfe, and then tak« a footpath
(red and yellow marks) leading up the first side- valley to the right to
(IVi hr.) the Lind^lbrunner Schloss (p. 3Gd).
38 M. Winden, junction for Maxau and Carltruhe (see p. 366).
Fbom Windbn to BBBGzABBaN, 6 M., railway in Vs hr. (fares 80, 65,
35 pf.). — Intermediate stations : Barhetroth-Oberhauten, Kapellen-Ifieder-
horbtKh. — Bergxabem (Rdssel^ B. lVs-2, pens. 4-6V2 ^t Bahnhof-EoM)^
a town of 2680 inhab. with old houses {e.g. Angel Brewery) and a castlej
is of Boman origin. To the W. (S/4 H.) is a new quarter, with the Kur-
Mtuer (pens, from 31/2 Jf) and Dr. Bouarfs Hydropathic (ft. IVz-S, B. >/4,
D. 2-3, pens. 4V«-7 Jf). — The village of Dffrrenibach, !»/« M. to the 8.,
has an old Bathaus and a singular fortified church. To the W. of Dorren-
bach rises the Steffelsberg (1580 ft. ; view). — Diligence from Bergzalwrn
to Klingenmiinster (see above; 8 H. in 35 min.), twice daily to Weissen-
burg (see below 5 6 M. in l»/4 hr.), and once daUy to (17»/« M.) Dahn (p. 303)
in 9^/s brs.
41 Y2 M. Schaidt-Steinfeld ; 44 M. Kapsweyer, the last Bavarian
station. — The train enters Alsace and crosses the Lauter, To the
left is the Geisberg (p. 293). — The international through ex-
press > trains follow a loop-line without entering the station of
Weissenburg.
48 M. Weisienbnrg (620 ft ; Bdtel de VEurope, near the rail,
station, with garden; ^gel^ Schwan^ in the town, very fait; Oer-
mania), a very anoient town with 6783 inhab., mentioned in history
as early as the Merovingian kings, was the seat of an Independent
abbey, founded by Dagobert II., down to 1534. Otfried, author pf
a poetic harmony of the Gospels, the earliest rhymed German poem
to Stroiiburg. WALBURG. 36. Route, 293
of any length, was a monk here about 860. The Abbey Church of
8t, Peter and 8t, Paul is a noble example of the early-Gothic style
(13th cent.), with a tower above the crossing of the transept, a fine
portal, and a beautiful chapel opening from the S. transept In the
interior are fine stained-glass windows of the end of the 13th
(Romanesque; on the S. side) and of the 14th and 15th centuries.
It is adjoined on the N. side by handsome Gothic cloisters, which
have been recently restored and contain a few old carvings and
tombstones. The Johannie'Kirehe, partly Romanesque in style,
and many of the private houses are also interesting edifices.
On 4ili Aug., 1870, part of tbe German army under the Grown Prince
of Prassia gainea a decisive victory here over the French under Abel Douay.
The town, defended by a simple wall, and the Oeisherf, 2 M. to the S.,
were occupied by the French, but were attacked by Prussianfl from the B.
and Bavarians from the V., and both taken after a aevere struggle. In
order to form an idea of the nature of the ground, the traveller should
follow the Lauterburg road, turn to the right about 1 M. from the station,
cross the railway, and proceed by a footpath to the (Vi M.) Chttlntthof and
the (*/« M.) ch&teau of Oeiib€rgf now a farm-house (rfmts.), round which the
struggle was very hotly contested. Fine view from the terrace on the E.
side. Douay fell at the top of the hill, on the way to which numerous
graves of the fallen are passed. The traveller may now retom by the
Hagenau road on the W. side, a round of 2-2V2 hrs. in alL Various
monuments have been erected on the battlefield.
About 8 M. from Weissenburg a footpath (red and white marks),
diverging to the right firom the Bitseh road, ascends in V* !>'• ^ ^^^
view-tower on the top of the Soherhol (i860 ft.). From the top we de-
scend to the left and regain the road near the 7th kilom^re-stone. Thence
we may follow the footpaths running parallel with the road vi& Klein-
Wingen and Klimbach to the Fleckenstein and the Wegelnburg (p. d04).
FaoM Wbissbnburo to Lautbbbdbo (p. 300), 13 M., branch-railway in
V4 hr., via ScMeUhalj JSalmbachj Ifiederlauterbaeh, and ScJieibenJutrd,
On quitting Weissenburg the train describes a circuit round the
Geisberg, and passes stations RiedseU, Hunspachf and Hofen,
bS^i M. 8uls unterm Wald (Rossle) , the headquarters of the
Crown Prince of Prussia, commander of the Third German Army,
on Aug. 5-6th, 1870. — At Lobsanr^, Pechelbronn^ and Schwab-
weiler, near Sulz, petroleum and asphalt are obtained. — The line
now traverses part of the Forest of Hagenau^ which is 35,000 acres
in extent.
63 Y2 ^' Walbnrg, with a fine church of the 15th cent., is
the 'function for several branch-lines, including one to (5^2 M.)
Worth (p. 294), via Biblisheimj Durrenbachj and Morsbronn.
Morsbronn is the best starting-point for a visit to the Battlefield of
Aug. 6th, 1^70 (6-8 hrs.). — The neighbourhood of Morsbnmn was the scene
of the attack of the lith Prussian Army (k>rps and of the gallant onset
(about 1 p.m.) of the French cavalry, which certainly covered the retreat
of the infantry , but resulted in the destruction of the whole brigade of
horse. The Germans then pressed forward and occupied the village of Elsa$i-
hatum (3 p.m.), which they afterwards maintained against the attempts of
the French to retake it. The battlefield is now studded with monuments,
the finest of which is the *atatue of Emp. Frtderiet, by Kaz Baumbach,
near Dit/enbaeh (best view of the battlefield). Near Bisasshausen is the
^MacMahon Tree', where the French marshal had his stand during most
of the battle.
294 Route 36, HAGENAU.
The litUe town of Wftrth (WeUses Ross^ very fair; Postf old Roman
altar in front of the Oemeindehaus), which has given its name to the battle,
contains 1060 inhab. , and lies on the right bank of the Bauer. The Germans
found it nnoeenpied by the French, and at once took possession of it (7a.m.)i
suecessfnlJy resisting all attempts to dislodge them. Their efforts, how-
ever, to storm the strong position held by the French on the heights of
Fr5schweiler were in vain, until the success of the PmssiMis at Morsbronn
made its influence felt on the French right wing. Frdaohweiler (Jdger-Zm-
iammeniun/ti very fair^, the centre of the French position, with the head-
quarters of MacMahon, was attacked from all sides almost simultaneously
and eaptured between 4 and 6 p.m. Those of the French who escaped death
or capture effeeted a disorderiy retreat towards (2 M.) Beichshofen (p. 317).
The church of FrSschweiler was destroyed, but a new one, the tower of
which overlooks the whole of the battlefield, has been built. The largest
French monument stands to the K. of the road from Worth to FrSsch-
weller. — Comp. the Map.
68Y2M. Hagenan (^Ewropdiseher Hof^ wiUi garden; Po9% ; Andrtt^
all near the station; Rail, Reataurant^ yery fair), with 18,700 inbab.,
was once a fiee town of tbe German Empire and a fortress, the
works of which are partly preserved. The walls were erected by Emp.
Frederick I. in 1164. The palace built by the same emperor, after-
wards a fayonrlte residence of the Hohenstaufen, was burned by
the French in 1678. Part of the oonspicuous Church of 8t. Oeorge
dates from the 12th century. The choir contains a huge wooden
figure of Christ, executed in 1488. The fine candelabrum of the
13th cent., and the modem stained glass also deserve attention. —
To the E. of the town and S. of the Hagenauer Wald He the artil-
lery-ranges. — Railway to Saargemund, MetZy and Saarhriicken^
see pp. 316, 317.
711/2 M. Marienthal, with a nunnery, dissolved in 1789 ; 731/2 M.
Bischweiler^ with cloth-manufactories (branch-line to Oberhofen,
see p. 301). The train now crosses the Zom, — 76 M. Kurten-
hauseni 771/2 M. Wcyeriheim; 791/2 M. Hordt,
84 M. Venderiheini, junction for the Saarburg-Zabern line (R. 42).
Then several unimportant villages, near whioh are some of the
outworks of Strassburg. — 89^/2 M. Straasburgf see p. 304.
37. From Mannheim (Ludwigshafm) to Ifennkirchen.
72 M. lUiLWAT (Pf&UiHhe Bismbahn) in 2>/4-4 hvs. \ fares 6 Ul 80,
4 Ul 40pf. (express U Ul 70, 8 Ul 30, 0 UT 80 pf.).
The train crosses the Rhine by the Railway Bridge (p. 279),
which affords a pleasing glimpse of the river, to (21/2 M.) Ludwigs^
hafen (p. 279). Thence to (21 M.) Henitadt, see pp. 289, 290.
Neustadt is the junction of the line to D&rkheim (R. 35} and to
Landau (R. 36). — The Saarbrucken line now enters the mountain
district of the Westrkh, For an hour the train winds up the beautiful
wooded ♦Ravine of the Speyerbach , and penetrates the variegated
sandstone rocks by means of 12 tunnels. Beyond Neustadt, on a
hUl to the right^ stand the yed yuins of the Wolfsburg (p. ?91).
^<h:narrBl! gl ■
296 Route 37. — Map, p. 294, LANDSTUHL.
mer imperial CMtle of Alhn^tMn. — 21Vs M. Lata4r4eken'Grumbaeh, the
junction of the line to Hombni^ and Munster-am-Stein, see below.
From Kaiserslautern to Alzejf (Bing«n)^ see pp. 287, 286; to MOmUr-
am-StHn^ p. 169.
Beyond Kalserslautern the line runs dbat the 'KalseTstrasse*, a
road constructed by Napoleon, and skirts the lAindstuhUr Bruehj an
extensive moor at the base of wooded hiUs. — 49 M. Kindsbaeh,
51 M. Landstnhl. — Hotels. Ooldbnbr Ekobl, 10 min. from the
station, B. 1V4-4, B. >/4} !>• 2, omn. V2 •>#, with large garden and the
Siekingen Hydropathic^ pens. 4-6 jH; Schloss-Hotel, also with a Hpdrope^hiej
both in the forest; Bitbgabd, at the station.
Landstuhlj a small town with 4444 inhab., was once a seat of
the Siekingen family, whose castle, with its huge walls, 25 ft. thick,
lies in ruins about 1/2 M. above the town. Franz von Siekingen
(p. 168) was besieged here by the Electors of the Palatinate and
Treves in 1523 , and lost his life by the falling of a beam. His
tomb, erected by his sons, with a figure in full armour, is In the
Roman Catholic church. Another monument to Siekingen has re-
cently been erected, and the paths about the castle have been repaired.
Keys at the forester's. Fine points in the environs are the Bismarck
Tower J Flei$chhaeker's Lochy Kohlenberg (view-tower), and BdrerUoeh
(a round of 3-4 hrs.).
Fbom Landstdhl to Kusbl, 18 H., branch-railway in l>/r-2hr8. (fares
iJfOO pf., 1 Jf). The line intersects the Landstuhler Bruch (see above). 3 M.
Ramstein ; 5 M. Steinteenden; 7 M. Niedermohr. Beyond (8V4 M.) Glan-MUnch-
wetter the attractive valley of the Olan is entered, and followed vi& Rehwetter^
Eisenbaeh-Matzenbach, and Theitbergsiegen to (15 M.) Altengtan. The line
then turns in a sharp angle towards the W. and enters the Kuseler-Tal. —
Kusel (MainzerEo/, R. 1 UT 60, B. 60, D. (incl. wine) 2 UT 20pf.; P/mzer
Bo/)j a busy town of 8100 inhab., with cloth and other factories. In the
neighbourhood are large syenite quarries.
541/2 M. Hauptstuhl; 57 M. BruchmuhJbach, — 64 M. Hombnrg
(795 ft.; DummUr zum Pfalz, R. & B. 21/2, I>. '^% pens. 41/2 Jfi
very fair; BacK)^ a small town with 5491 inhabitants. About 3 M.
to the N.E. is the ruined castle of KarUberg^ built in 1780 and
destroyed by the French in 1793.
From Hohbdso to Hunstsb am Stbin, 63V2M., railway in 21/4 hrs.
(fares 4 Ur 60, 2 U^ 95 pf.). This line, which forms part of the strategic
railway from Hayence to Saarbriicken (conop. p. 110), enters the fertile
valley of the Olan by means of a tunnel at(8VsM.) JEZ«cA&aeA, and follows
it to its junction with the Nahetal, — From (13Va M.) Olan-MilnchweiUr
(Quirnbach) to (14V4 M.) Mtenglan we follow the line from Landstuhl to
Kusel (see above). — 23 M. Ulmet has a late Gothic church. — 29 M. Offenbach-
Hundheiin. The *Abbey Church at Offenbach (L6we, B. & B. 1-2 Jf, well
spoken of; Gerlach), seen from the railway, is one of the most important
examples of the Transition style. Of the original edifice, which'was built
about 1170-90, only the choir and two aide apses like diapels now remain. —
8IV2 M. Lfiuterecken-Orumbaeh is the junction for Kaiserslautern (p. 295).
— 831/2 M. Medard; 86 M. Odenbach.
as M. Meisenheim (lymzer Bo/; Engel), a Prussian district^town (1828
inhab.), prettily situated on the Glan. The old *S^lot»-Kireh4, a gem of late-
Gothic architecture, was built in 1479 and restored in 1876-80. The tower
dates from 1877-1404. The vaulted burial-chapel (restored in 189^ contains
the interesting tombs of Duke Charles I. of Zweibracken (d. 1600) and
of Duke Wol%ang (4. 1669) and his wife and daughter.
SPEYER. 38,RouU, 297
39 M. Baumbach; 41 H. Rehb&m. — idi^M. Odtrnbeim (BUU^Bofmetf
KramU junction of * line yift the Disibodenberg to Staudernheim (p. 170),
lies 1 if. from the ruined abbey of Disibodenberg (p. 170). — - The rail-
way now passes through a tunnel at the mouth of tbe Grlan, and reaeheo
the right bank of the Nahe, which it descends to (48 M.) Duckroth-OUr^
hauten. To the 0/t hr.) JAmberg and Bingeri, see p. 169. — Crossing the l^ah-
just before the Ebemburg we finally reach (JSS^ftai.) MSnster am Stein (p. 167e
Fbom Hombubo to ZwbibhOoksn, 7 M., railway in i/s hr. — Near (4 H).
SehtMnenacker is the former conrent of Warschwetter. From (b H.) Eindd t.)
SaarbrvLcken and Saargemflnd, see p. 303. — 7 M. ZtaeSbrUckm^ see p. 302.
Beyond (68 M.)5«x6acA the line enters a productive coal-district
in Prussia. 69V2 M. WtllesxatvUr. — 72 M. Neunkirchen (p. 173).
38. From Ludwigshafen to Spayer, Lanterborg,
and Strassborg.
81 M. From Ludwigshafen to (46 M.) Lauterburg, ordinary train in
2-3 hrs. (fares 5 UT 10, 3 UT 30. 2 UT 20 pf.); thence to (85 IT.) Strastburg in
1V4-2 hrs. (fkres i Jt 60 pf., B Jt, 2 Jh. — Express from Ludwigshafen
to Strassburg in 2 hrs. (fares 12 ^, 8 UT 40, 5 UiT 90 pf.).
From Ludwigthafen to (71/2 M.) Sehijferstadt, see pp. 289, 290.
The line to Speyer diterges here to the left firom the Landau line
(R. 36).
18 M. Speyer. — Bailway Stfttiont. The Central Station (PI. A, 1)
is about */i M. from the cathedral, to which the road leads in a straight
direction; the Rhenish Station of the Schwetzlngen line (PI. E, 8) is only
V* M. ftpom the cathedral. — Motor-Omnibue into the town, 10 pf.
Hotels. Bhbihxbchbh Hor (PI. b ; B, 3), Maximilian-Str. 44, very fair,
B. 2-4, B. V^l ^* 2V>1 ^^^' Vs •^i WiTTBLBBAOHSB HoF (PI. a^ 0, 4),
Ludwig-8tr. 40,, with garden-restaurant; PfIlzbr Hor (PI. c; C, 8), Mazi-
milian-Strasse 13, well spoken of; Goldneb Enobl, near the Altportel
(PI. B, 8), seeond-class.
Bestavranta. Qamtbrinm^ at the sUtion; S<mne^ Hazimilian-Str. 17;
Zwn Storeheny facing the Altportel (p. 300). — Wine at 8Ur», Konigs-
Platz. — Cafi Walbel, by the Altpartel.
Speyer y or Spires (325 ft.), the capital of the Bavarian Palatinate,
lies near the left bank of the Rhine, at the Inflnx of the Spcyerdaeh,
Pop. 21,857 (2/5 Prot.).
Speyer was the Boman Augusta yemetum^ became. an episcopal see in
the 4th cent., utd was freqaentty the residence of the German emperors.
The city prospered greatly under the Salic emperors, who repeatedly granted
privileges to the loyal inhabitants, embellished the old palace, and built
the celebrated cathedral, which was regarded as the burial-church of the
German emperors for nearly Ave centuries. As a free city of the empire
(ftrom 1394 onwards) Speyer ei^oyed a high reputation. Of the numerous
imperial diets held here the most important was tliat of 1529, under
Charles V.. after which the princes and estates who had espoused the
caese of the Beformation received the name of ^^tettante^ from their
Srotest against the resolution of the hostile majority (comp. p. 800). From
)27 onwards Speyer was, with few interruptions, the seat of the Reieht'
Kammergertcht^ until the devastation of the Palatinate in 1689 by the
French, during which the city was destroyed, caused the removal of the
courts to Wetslar. — Edward VII. of England is said to have first met
his future wife in Speyer Cathedral.
The *Catliedral (PI. D, 3), the great attraction of the place, is
open 9-11 a.m. and 2-6 (in winter 2-4) p.m. ; admission to the
choir and crypt, and to the whole cathedral out of heart, by tickets
298 Route 38.
SPEYBR.
From Ludwigshafen
only (35 pf.), obtained from the sacristan. The old-Gennan altar-
piece and the cartoons in the Chapel of St. Catharine are shown for
a fee of 86 pf. (several pers. 75 pf. each! — The cathedral was
founded in 1030 by Conrad II. (d. 1039), continued by his son
Henry HI. (d. 1056), and practically finished by his grandson
Henry IV. (d. 1106). The restorations necessitated by the fires of
1137, 1169, 1281, and 1450 scarcely modified the original character
of the building. On 3l8t May, 1689, the town and the cathedral
were ravaged with fire and sword by the hirelings of *hl8 most
Christian majesty' Louis XIV., under Louvois, Montclar, and
M^ao. After the restoration by the Wurzburg architect Neumann
ri772-84Y the church was once more subjected to devastation on
^ ^ 10th-20th Jan., 1794, and
was converted into a maga-
zine. It was not till 1822
that it was at length restored
to its sacred purposes. The
Kaiser-Halle, or vestibule,
with its three portals and
large rose-window, was er-
ected by Subseh in 1854-58
in place of Neumann's fa-
cade, while the W. towers
(240 ft.) were completed on
the model of the E. towers.
The church is a simple,
but vast and imposing Ro-
manesque basilica , with
nave, aisles, transepts, two
domes, and four towers.
Length 147 yds., length of
transept 60 yds., breadth of
nave 16 yds., height of nave
105 ft. The handsome arcade
at the top runs round the
whole building. (Visitors
with steady heads should
walk round this arcade;
sexton 75 pf.)
In the Kaiser-Halle afe
niches of gilded mosaic, in
which stand sandstone statues of the emperors buried in the church.
The four reliefs are by Pilz: Conrad laying the foundation of the
cathedral; Bndolph and the priest with the host; Rudolph receiving the
tidings of his election to the throne; the same emperor taking the cross
from the altar in default of a sceptre at his coronation at Aix-larChapelle.
Over the principal inner portal is represented the dedication of the church
to the Virgin, on the left St. Bernard and St. Stephen, on the right John
^he Baptist and the painter Schraudolph.
to Strassburg, SPETEB. 38. RouU. 299
The *Intbbiob is adorned with 32 large *Fbbsoobs, hy Johann
Sehraudolph and his pnpils (1845-53), representing Old Testament
events prophetic of the Redemption, scenes from the lives of Christ,
the Madonna, and St. Bernard of Clairvanx, and numerous single
figures of prophets and saints.
In the KiNOs^ GHom, on broad pedestals, are two large statues :
right, Rudolph of Hapsburg (d. 1291), in Tyrolese marble, by
Sohwanthaler; left, Adolph of Nassau (d. 1298; see below), in sand-
stone, by Ohnmaeht. On the right and left of the approach to the
principal choir two Reliefs , formerly in the crypt, are built into the
walls, each containing likenesses of four emperors. The gilded
chandeliers were put up in 1904. — The Ghafbl of St. Afbi. was
built in 1097-1103, but was afterwards altered. The body of Emp.
Henry lY. lay here unburied from 1106 to 1111, when the papal
excommunication was revoked. — The Baftistbbt, in the S. aisle,
dates from the 12th century. Above it (entrance from the S. transept)
is the Ghapbl of St. Cathabinb, originally dating from the
13th cent, but almost entirely rebuilt in 1857 ; it contains the
cartoons for Sohraudolph's frescoes and an early-German altar-piece
(adm., see p. 298).
The Cbtpt beneath the choir and the transept, restored in
1857, belongs in its entirety to the old building , consecrated in
1039, and contains the entrance to the Emperors* Tomb, which was
destroyed by the French in 1689. In 1900 carefjil researches were
made, and since then the imperial vault has been reconstructed and
the bones of the burled monarchs replaced, as far as possible, in
their old positions.
Among the relies Uiat escaped destruction were (on the B. side) the
stone sarcophagi of Emp. Conrad II. (d. 10B9) and his wife Giula (d. 1043),
ffenrpIJI. (d. 1066), Hftny lY. (d. 1106) and his wife Beriha (d. 1087)^ and
(on the W. side) the leaden coffin of Philip of Stcdbia (d. 1206). The coffid
of Hmnf V. (d. 1126), the last of the Salic line, which rested abore that
of Henry IV., was ruthlessly desecrated. The following royal personages
also were baried here : Beairiee (d. 1184), wife of Frederick Barbarossa,
and their danghter Agnes; Rudolph of Eaptibwg (d. 1291), whose tombstone
has been preserved; and the rival monarchs, Adolph of Nassau (d. 1298)
and AXlHrt I, of Austria (d. 1308; p. 287). — The yarious reUcs brought to
light (fragments of clothes, a sapphire ring, a cross of Henry IV., etc.)
are exhibited in the vanlt.
The ancient Chtteohyabj) (PI. D, 3, 4) is now a promenade, where
a military band plays on summer-eyenings. Opposite the N.E.
comer of the church is the Domnapf, or cathedral bowl, a large
yessel of sandstone, once marking the boundary between the episcopal
and civic jurisdiction. Every new bishop was obliged, after binding
himself to respect the liberties of the town, to fill the Napf with
wine, which was then drunk to his health by the townspeople. The
fragments of the * Mount of Olives^ to the S. of the cathedral, con-
structed in 1511, are the sole remains of the cloisters, which were
built In 1437-44 and destroyed at the end of the 18th century. —
Among the trees to the E. rises the Heiden^Turmohen (Heathens*
300 Route 38, GERMBRSHEIM.
Tower; PI. E, 3), the substructure of which may be of Roman
origin. It belonged to the town-wall built in 1080 by Bishop Rudger.
— A good Tiew of the cathedral-choir is obtained from the bank of
the Rhine, below the brldge-of-boats.
The devastations of the French have left few notable buildings
of antiquity at Speyer. An unsightly wall by the Protestant church
preserves tiie name of the ancient Retacher (PI. D, 3), an imperial
palace where the diets were held. The ^Judehbad* (PI. D, 4), in a small
garden at the end of the Judenbadgasse, dates from the early 13th cent,
(key at the town-hall). The fine old gate-tower, at the W. end of
the Maximilian-Strasse, is named the Altpbrtd (PI. 6, 3). Adjacent
is the ^ProiesiationS'Kirehe' (PI. A, 4), a cruelfbrm building in tiie
Gothic style, erected in 1893-1903 to commemorate the Diet of 1529
(p. 297). The interior (adm. 20 pf. ; ascent of tower 10 pf.) merits
a visit. The bronze statue of Luther in the vestibule is by "W. Hahn.
The Kuseum of Proyincial Antiquities (PI. B, 2) is in the
building of the Real-Sehule. Adm. 50 pf. (Sun., 2-4, free).
The first three rooms to the right contain the Natural Hiztory CcHUc-
Hons. — Next come two rooms witii PietvreSf mostly of Ketherlandi«h
origin and of little value. — Antiquities. Room I. Roma» AtUiquUiesy in-
cluding glass, weapons, bronzes ('Bustjperhaps of Germanicus ; *Head of
a Centaur, a Ghreek original, ca. B.C. SKX)), and numerous *Sigillata Vases.
— Room II. Smaller Roman antiquities. Cabinet of Coins. — Room III.
Views of Speyer; representations of historical events in the Palatinate. —
Room IV. Coins. — Roou V. PreJUstorie AnHquUieSf including ohiects in
gold and bronze. Alemannian and Frantizh AntiquiHa. — Room Vl. MS8. :
incunabula. — Room VII. Ancient views of Speyer; marble bust of himselr
by VersdMffeU (d. 1793). — Room VIU. Library. — Cobbioob IX. Wooden
model of Speyer in ItoO. Frankenthal china. — Cobbidok X. Prehistoric
^dus>out\ found in the bed of the Rhine. Banners. French weapons of
i87U-71."— To the left are two more rooms with pictures and the Hi^aenreich
OoUeeHon (porcelain and tapestry).
In the basement is the Lapidariumf with Roman milestones, tombstones,
add votive stones. — On the E. side of the building are two Roman eques-
trian statues.
From Speyer the railway proceeds past Berghauten^ Heiligtn-
ttein^ and Lingenfeld to (22 M.) Oermersheim (Salm), an old town
(SOOOinhab.) at the confluence of the (?ueicA (p. 301) and the Rhine,
fortified since 1835. Rudolph of Hapsburg died here in 1291.
Railway to Landau and ZwoihrUcten^ see R. 39; to BrucTualy p. 367.
1b}&.8ondemheim; 28M.5clttcim; 30V2M.iiui«A«m; 331/2 M.
Rhanzdbem^ on the ErUribaek ; 35 M. Jookgrim,
39 M. Worthy the junction of the Oarlsruhe and Landau line
(p. 365). 41 M. Hagenhach; 43 M. Neubwrg; 45 M. Berg. The
train then crosses the Lauter, which forms the boundary between
the Bavarian Palatinate and Alsace.
46 M. JAnUirbjag(Blume) was once fortified, and is frequently
mentioned in the annals of the old wars between the French and
Germans. The Rathaus contains a Roman altar. Braneh-lino to
Weiisenburg, see p. 293.
ANNWEILEB. Map,p.294.^39. Route. 301
49 M. Moihemi 53 M. Sdz^ with a Gothic chapel, the janctioii
of a line to Walhurg fp. 2931 — 58 M. Boschwoog, Junction of
the strategic lailway (p. 365) to Rastatt and Garlsinhe, continued
towards the W. to Hagenau and Obermodern (p. 318).
62 M. Sesenheim (Ochs^ well spoken of; Krone), the scene of
Goethe's Intimacy with Frederica Brion (1770-71).
The clkurch and parsonage have since been rebuilt. The wooded hill
with the arbour in wnich Goethe and Frederica used to converse has been
pur^diased by a number of the poet^s admirers, and the arbour has been
renewed. On the 8. side of the church are the tombstones of Frederica's
parents (comp. p. 379). In the church is the bench on which Goethe, by
Frederica's side, ^foimd a somewhat dry sermon none too Iong\
65 M. Drusenheim; 68 M. HerlUheim, on the Zom; 70 M.
Oambsheim, with an old chapel; 74 M. Wantenau, with Fort Fran-
secky; 79 M, BUchheim, —81 M. Strassburg (p. 304).
39. From Germershelm to Zweibrilcken m& Landau.
The Vosges of the Palatinate.
63 M. RAiLWATiniVs-4hr0.(fares7Ur45, 4Uir95, 8Ur20pf.t express
8JI56, eurrs, 4uir25pf.).
Oermersheim, see p. 300. — The stations between Germersheim
and Landau are nnimportant: Westheimf Lustadt, Zeiskam, Hoch'
8tadtj Dreihof. — The railway ascends the Queich.
13 M. Landau (p. 291); the train stops at both the chief station
•and the W. station. — 16 M. GodramsUin. From (18 M.) Siebel-
dingen (Adler) a road leads yi% Birkvoeilery Bansbach, and Leins^
weiler to (31/2 M.) Esehbaeh, at the foot of the Madenburg (p. 302).
— 191/4 M. AtbersweUer, About 31/2 M. to the N.W. is the village
of Eusserihal (Hauck's Inn), with a Romanesque Cistercian church
dating from the middle of the 13th century. The Orenaberg (1905 ft),
3V2 M. to the N., is a good point of Tiew.
22V2M. Annw©il«f(590ft. j *8chwan, R. 11/2-2, pens. 4-41/2 UJT;
Behberff, similar prices, both with gardens), a small and ancient town
of 4013 inhab. on the right bank of the Queich (the station is on
the left bank), is a good centre for excursions among the mountains
of the S. Palatinate (p. 303). The KtappenfeU and Buchhohfels are
easily accessible points in the neighbourhood. The ♦View Tower on
the Behberg (1890 ft.), to the 6., is reached direct in li/2 hr., or
Ti4 the Trifelfl path (see below) in 2 hrs. (guide-posts and blue
way-marks).
From the E. entrance of Annweiler a road (*Burg-Stras8e') di-
terges to the S. from the Landau highroad, and from it a good foot-
path (blue marka) ascends to the left through wood. The ancient
imperial fortress of *Trifel8 (1615 ft. ; 1 hr. ; rfints.) was founded
as early as the 10th cent., but the present scanty ruins date from
About the middle of the 12th century. Trifels was not unfrequently
302 R.39.-'Mapyp.294. ZWEIBRCOKEN. ThtVosgu of
occupied by the German emperors. Its walls protected the unhappy
Henry IV., when excommunicated by Pope Gregory YII. in 1076,
and deserted by his nobles. It was here that Richard C(Bur-de-Lion
is said to haye been confined for more than a year (1193-94) by the
Emp. Henry YI., until his liberation was effected by the faithful
Blondel. After th^ Thirty Years* War the castle fell to decay. The
central tower, 33 ft. in height, and the chapel have recently been
restored. In cleaning the oasUe-well, the spring, cut in the rock,
was diseoTered at a depth of 270 ft. The ylew is similar to that from
the Madenburg, but less extensive towards the £.
The hill occupied by the Trifels is the northernmost eminence of a
range 1 M. in length, the other two summits of whicb bear the rains of
Anthot and Bcharfenbtrg^ the latter, with its square tower €6 ft. in height,
being usually known as the MOiM. A pleasant path (with blue marks]
skirt3 the S.W. slope of this range, passing beneath these ruins. Farther
on (white way-marks) it descends, but afterwards again ascends, leading
through fragrant woods of beech and pine. The Wetterherg and the
BchUtterhtrg remain to the left. In I'/shr. we reach the Madenbnrg GoeaUf
Eiehhaeher Bchlou; 1520 A. ; rfmts.), situated above the Tillage of Eschbaeh
to the S., the grandest ruin in the Rhenish Palatinate, formerly belonging
to the counts of LeiDingen, afterward^ to the bishopric of Speyer, and
burned down by the French general Montclar in 1689. The *View from
the Madenbui^ is one of the finest and most extensive in the Palatinate,
comprising both plain and mountain. — From the Madenbu^ to E9eNbaeh^
25 min. ; to KlingenmUntter (p. 292), 1 hr.
The narrow green valley of the Queich beyond Annweilpr is
enclosed by wooded hills, from which the variegated sandstone
protrudes in picturesque and fantastic forms. — 25 M. Bmnthal;
27*/2 M. Wilgartswiesen, with a handsome church by Voit
30 M. Hauenstein, -— 34 M. Hinterweidenthal •* Kaltenhaeh
(Gerstle, very fair; Rail. Restaurant), a good centre for excursions.
Diligence four times daily ftrom Kaltenbach to Dahn (41/2 M., p. 303).
— The line now crosses the watershed between the tributaries of
the Rhine and of the Saar. — 36V2 M. MunehweiUt. 41 M. Bod-
alben. — 43 M. BitbermiihU (805 ft.).
Branch-line to (4Vs M., in 20 min.) Pixmaaemt (1205 ft; BreiOi; RaU,
EoM; P/Ulzer So/), an industrial town with 90,000 inhab.. named after
St. Pirmin, who preached Jiere in the 8th century. From 1764 to 1790 the
Landgrave Lewis IX. of Hesse-Darmstadt had bis residence in the town.
The Protestant church contains the landgrave^s monument. — Another
branch-line runs N. to (3 M.) WaldJUcJibach,
Several unimportant stations. 55 M. TsehiffHk^ once a summer-
residence of Stanislaus Leszczvnski, King of Poland.
571/2 M. Zweibrucken (730 ft. ; Pfal*er Hof, R.iJf 40-1 Jf 60,
B. 70, D.iJfSO pf., pens. 4-6 UJT, omn. 40 pf.; Zv>eibrueker Hof,
both near the Herzogs-Platz ; Bahrihofs-Hotelf all very fair), formerly
the residence of the Dukes of Zweibrilcken, and known to the literary
world as the place where the Editiones Bipontincte of classical authors
were published. It is now a town of 14,700 inhab., and contains the
chief court of the Bavarian Palatinate, which occupies the old castle.
When Charles X. Gustavus of the Zweibrucken family ascended the
Swedish throne in 1654, the duchy became subject to Sweden,
the Palatinate. DAHN. Map,p.fi9d, — 39.Route, 303
which it continued to be till the death of Charles XII. (1719). The
Alexander-Kirche contains the bnrial-yanlts of the dncal honse.
Fboh ZwBiBBdOKSV TO 8aabbb«oxxn, 21 Vt M., railway in s/i-lVi hr.
(fares 1 UT 95, iuT 26pf., express S Jt 20, SuTdO, i Of 60 pf.), via (2M.)
EinOd (p. 2971 and (iSvs ^0 St. Inghert^ an indnstrious town with 14,000 in-
habitants. The other stations are nnimportant. — Saar^trUcken^ see p. 178.
Fbok ZwxibkQokbw to SAABOXMtND, 23 M., railway in 11/4 hr. (fares
2 Uif, 1 Ul 30 pf.). Unimportant stations. — 23 M. Saargemand, see p. 817.
From Zweibriicken to Homhurff, see p. 297.
From Annweiler (p. 301) a visit may be made to the picturesque
mountainous district to the S. of the Queich, which belongs to the
old Wasgau or Wttsgenland (p. 329).
About 6 M. to the S.W. of Annweiler lies the Llndelbrunner
Schloss, which is reached by the highroad to V5lher8weiler and
Ooasersweilefy and thence by a path (blue marks) through the fields.
Or we may follow the blue-marked path half-way up to the Rehberg
(see p. 301 ; junction of the path from the Trifels), then descend
and turn to the right to the highroad a little before Volkersweiler.
A pleasanter but somewhat longer route (2'/4hrs.) diverges to the left
at Samstally IY2 M. to theW. of Annweiler, and leads through the
Bimbach-Talf passing Lug^ Schwanheim, and (1^/4 hr.) Ober'-
Schlettenbach (Germann, 6 min. to the left of the path, good wine).
The Lindolbnumer Schloss (1445 ft.), the ruins of a castle
of the Counts of Leiningen, stands on an isolated hill affording
an unimpeded view in all directions. At the foot of the hill is the
inn Zum ScUosschen.
About 2 M. from the Llndelbrunner inn lies Vorderweiden-
thai (rfmts. at the burgomaster's); 1 M. farther on a road diverges
to the right for Busenberg and Dahn; and V2 M. farther is Erlen-
bach (H6t, Berwartstein), under the shadow of the castle of Berwart-
BteiUf recently rebuilt. From Erlenbach a footpath (yellow marks)
ascends in 2/4 hr. to the massive ruined castle of Draohenf els, with
steps and passages partly he^n in the solid rock. The ruin com-
mands a fine view of Schloss Dahn (see below) and the castellated
rocks of this district. "We descend on the E. side to Busenberg
(Zum Schlossehen), 3 M. from Erlenbach and 3^4 M. from Dahn.
Hence we proceed (yellow marks) to Sehindhardt and thence by a
path (yellow and red marks), through the valley in which Erfwdler
lies, to the saddle between Hochstein and the castle-hill. Thence
(guide-post) we ascend to (IV2 ^r- ^'O™ the Drachenfels) the ruins
of Schloss Dahn (1110 ft.), locally called the ErfweiUr Schloss,
which, like many other castles in the Palatinate, has incorporated
portions of the solid rock in its structure. The top commands a
striking view of the imposing and grotesque sandstone rocks around.
— About 11/2 M. to the W. lies the picturesque little town of Dahn
C5onn«, very fair; Ffalz^ R. IY21 B.^A, pens. 4 ulfj, whence diligences
ply four times daily to (6 M.) Hinterweidenthal-Kaltenbach (p. 302)
and once daily to Bergzabern and Weissenburg (p. 292).
304 Route 39. LEBfBACH.
Those who do not trish to Tisit the town of Dahn letnm from
Schloss Dahn to the highroad, and descend to the S. through ihe
Lanter-Tal to (3 M.) BruchwtiUr (Lowe). On the left Is the grot-
esque cliff known as the Fladenstein, One mile beyond Brnchweiler
the Lauter-Tal is quitted by a road leading to the right to (1 M.)
Bumbach (Post, plain but good), and through the picturesque yalley
of that name to (88/4 M.) Schdnau {Lowe, yery fair), a village on
the Sauer, with pleasant environs. Diligence twice daily to Dahn
(p. 303), vi4 Rumbach. — From Rumbaoh we follow the road to
Nothweiler and take a path (red marks) to the right at a flnger-post,
which leads to the (IY2 hr.) Wegelnburg. (Or, we may reach the
Wegelnburg from Schonau in 1 hr.)
The *Wegelnburg (1880 ft.), a hill crowned with the ruins of
a castle destroyed by the French in 1679, is the finest point in the
Vosges of the Palatinate. The view embraces the whole of the Vosges
Mts. and extends to the Black Forest and the Odenwald^ At the
top is a mountain-indicator.
The frontier of Alsace runs a few hundred paces to the S. of
the Wegelnburg. Just beyond it, about 3/^ M. from the Wegelnburg,
is the Hokenburg , built of skilfully-hewn square blocks of stone,
and commanding a view similar to that enjoyed from the Wegelnburg.
We return to the ridge and descending to the left by a finger-post
proceed by the Fleckemteiner Hof to the (1/2 ^"^0 Fleckenitein,
another rocky fastness affording a fine view of the Sauer-Tal, and
perhaps the most remarkable ruin in the whole district. Hence we
descend to the (20 min.) Sauer-Tal and to (3 M.) —
Lembaoh ( Weissea Bossel, plain but good), the terminus of a
branch-line from Walburg (p. 293), and a good centre for excursions.
A patk (red and wkite marks), diverging from the route between
Wegelnburg and Fleckenstein, leads via KMn-Wingen, KHmbaeh (Bngel), and
the Beherhol (p. 2^) to (ii/s hrs.) Weissenburg.
About iVa hr. to the S.W. of Schonau, in the woods, on the other
Bide of the hamlet of Wengeltbach , is the ancient castle of Wasigenatein,
mentioned in the old German Waltharius-Lied, and one of the most in-
teresting ruins in the district ; it is accessible also from Schdnau in l^/i hr.
by a red-marked path over the Wengelabacher Jochhohe. We may descend
hence in V* l^'* to Obersieinbaeh fSensfelder ; Fricker;, at the foot of the
ruined Klein-Amthetff ; a massive rock behind the village bears the ruins
of Mteahardt. A path leads to the S. (to the left the ruined Wimci)^
vi& the hamlet of, Windstein, below the imposing ruins of AU-Windstein
and ITeu-Wiudstein, to (7 M.) Jdgerthal (inn), with iron-works. From JSger-
thal to Niederbtonn (p. 817), 3 H.
40. Strassborg.
Arrival. The Central Raikoay Station (PI. A, 2, S; *B€»iaiusant, D.
%A J()t a handsome building adorned with frescoes, is on the W' side
of the town. Omnibuses of the larger hotels (70 pf.) and cabs (see p. 805)
are in waiting. — Neudwrf Station see p. 379.
Hotels. At the Central Statiom •HOtbl Natiokai. (Pi. ki.A, 3), Bahii-
hofii-PlatE 13, B. from 2Vf, B. 11/4, t>. at 1p.m. SVs, at 6J0p.». i Jl;
*H6tel Chbibtoph (PI. m; A, 2), Bahnhofs-Platz 15, B. 8-6, B. lYi, D. 3J/«,
1 Beri/^arcfiif
BM^ttaLAntah^Wa Jn wrl
Practieal Notes,
STKASSBURG.
40. Routt, 305
pens. 9-16 Jlf Tbbminus Hotel (PL f ; A, 3), with popular caf^-restaurant,
R 2»/j-5, B. 1 Ur. — •H6tel Ppbiffke (PI. h; A, 2), Bahnhofs-Platz 12,
R- 3V8'*> B. 1. D. 3 Ulf, with restaurant. — Elsassbb Hof (PL n; A, 8),
(or. of Bahnhofs-Platz and Kuss-Str. ; Viotobia (PL i^ A, 8), Efiss-Str. 7,
B. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2V2 Uf, unpretending; Schbbmuly (PL o; B, 2), Kuhn-
gasse, well spoken of; Bheimischsb Hof (PL p ; A, 3) Bahnhofs-Platz 7, fair.
In th0 Town: 'Villb db Pabis (PL a ; C, 3"), Meisengasse 13, first-class,
with lift and hot-air heating, R. 3-5, B. 1 V4, D. (1 and 6 o'clock) 4 Jt ; *B1aiso»
RooGB (PL c; C, 3), Kleber-Platz, R. 3-8, B. i% ddj. 3, D. (1-X30p.m.)
3V2-5 •>#, with caf^-restaurant. — HStel db l'Edbopb (PL d; G, 3), Blau-
wolkengasse 19, with small garden, good restanrant; Hotel de Fbancb
(PL e; 0, 3), Jung-St-Peters-Platz ; Rebstook (PL g; B, 3), Gerhergraben
88-40, R. lV«-2>/2, B. iUt; IToton (frequented by Roman Catholic?*), Keller*
mann-Staden 8 (PL G, 2), with restaurant, B. 2V4-4, B. 1, D. 3 UT; Webeb's
H5tbl Ebonb, Rronenburger-Str. 24, R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2Vs Jt; Stadt Basbl
(PL 1; Dj 4), Metzger-Platzj Schmutz, Zuricher-Str. 7, fair, R. li/a-S Jf ;
Evamoelisohbs VEBEnTSHAUS, Flnkmatt-Str. 7 (PL 0, 2), B. IV^^Vs Uf. --
Fisntion Riednumn, Fischart-Str. 12.
Gafat (also restaurants): BrogUe^ * Wiener Ctufi^ both in the Broglie;
Steindft Wiener Cafi^ Schlossergasse 31.
Sestauranta. Valentin^ Alter Weinmarkt 50, first-class, D. 5 M;
Raiffeieentiuhe y Alter Weinmarkt, near the Kleine Metzig; Stiftekeller^
Dom-Platz 2 (p. 812); Schrempp^ Fasanetigasse 4; Kempf^ Kinderspiel-
gasse 46; Zvm Sdngerhaue, Julian -Str. (PL D, 1). — Beer. Oermania^
Universitats-Platz 1, with seats outside in summer; Luxhof^ Luxhofgasse 1,
near the Broglicj MUnehener Kindly Brandgasse 12; Piton^ Alter Kom-
marktl6t LOwenJbrdu^ Latemengasseo; Stadt MOnehen, Eiifergasse 23, with
a fine old facade; Krokodily Schlauchgasse. — Bear Gardena. Orangerie^
see p. 316; Bdck^Uetel. outside the W. entrance of the Orangerie; Tivoli^
outside the Schiltigheim Gate, beyond the 'Contades' (PL E, 1) ; Rheinluet^
see p. 316.
Oab Tariff.
During the
day.
1-2 pers.
1. 20
34 pers.
1. 40
In the evening
(after the street-
lamps are lit).
1-2 pers.
Ur pf.
1. -
1. 80
34 pers.
Ur pf.
1. &
10
1. 90
1. 90
2. 90
-60
Per Drive:
Drive within the town and to Tiyoli
To the Orangerie from the station .
To the Orangerie f^om other parts
of the town ........ 1. — 1. 20
By Time:
Per V« li» 1-20 1-45 1.
„ 1 hr 2. — 2. 40 2. 60
For each 1/4 h'. additional .... — 40 — 60 — 60
Trunk, 20 pf. — Between midnight and 6 a.m. the fares are higher.
Taxameter Gabs. Within the town : 1-2 pers. per 1000 metres 50 pf.,
each 500 m. more 10 pf. ; 3-6 pers. per ^60 m. W pf, each 375 m. more 10 pf.
Outside the circumvallation: 1-5 pers. 50 pf. per 750 m., 10 pf. for each
375 m. more. From 10 p.m. till ^a.m. 50 pf. per 500 m., 10 pf. for each
250 m. more. — Luggage, 25 pf. per 55 lbs. (25 kg.).
Elactrio Tramways. From the Central Station (PL A, 2, 3) in various
directions through the town and to the suburbs. Circular route down the
111 and back by the Vogesen-Str. (Pi. C-E, 1, 2). Other important starting-
points are the Kleber-Platx (PL C, 8) and the Metttger-Plut* (PL D, 4)^
comp. the indications on the Plan. -~ The outer suburbs are served by
Steam Tramway*'
Baths. Rosenbady Sand-Platz (PL D, 4), with vapour baths. River Baiht
(strong current) at the Kehl Bridge (tramway), on both banks, and also
on the Kleine Bhein.
Theatres. Siadt- Theater (PL D, 2, 3; p. 314). from 15th Sept. to
Ji5th Xay : Eden-Theater^ at the Terminus Hotel (p. 804). -* Military Kusio
Babdekbb's Rhine. 16th Edit. 20
306 Route 40. STRASSBUEG. History*
at midday in the Eieber-Plate or in the Broglie ; in summer also towards
evening in the Broglie or in the Gontades. '^
Post k Telegraph Oflice (PI. E, 8) Hohenlohe-Str., near the Kaiser-
Platz. — Strangerf JSnqtdry Office, Bahnhofs-Hatz 2.
Fites de foie gras (invented by the cook of Marshal Gontades, Governor
of Alsace in 1762-88). L. Henry, E. Doyen, FeyeL Hunstergasse; A. Heuiy,
Kass-Str. 12 \ F, A. Hummel, Lange-Str. 103; A. Michel, Eramergasse 11; Ed,
Artzner, Schlossei^asse 18. The geese-livers occasionally weigh 2-3 lbs. each.
Principal Attraetiont (one day) : Minster (p. 308 ; ascend tower) : Ohorch
of St. Thomas (p. 314): Collections in the Episcopal Palace (p. 312); Mon-
uments of Kleber (p. 307) and Gutenberg rp.B06), and the Broelie (p. 314);
Imperial Palace (p. 315); University (p. 315); Orangerie (p. 316). — Those
who have time should take a ride on the circular route tramway (p. 305).
English Ghuroh Service at the Ober-Bealschule, Manteuffel-^tr.
Straflsburg (470 ft), the capital of Alsace andGeiman Lorraine,
the seat of the governor and administration of that province, the
headquarters of the 15th Oorps of the German army, the seat of a
university (p. 315), and the see of a Roman Catholic bishop, with
167,342 inhab. (in 1871, 78,130) including its garrison of 15,000
men, is situated on the III, 2 M, from the Rhine, with which it
is connected by canals. As a medium of communication between
Germany, France , and Switzerland , Strassburg has long enjoyed
extensive commercial relations. Recently it has also become a
manufacturing place of some importance, with tobacco factories,
breweries, engine-works, foundries, and tanneries.
Argentoratttm, the oldest name of Strassburg, denotes a Geltic settl6-
ment, which probably owed its origin to the intersection here of the road
from Gaul to Upper Germany wifh that along the Rhine valley. The
Romans established a castrum at this point (in 9 A. D. ?), which served, along
with Mayence, as the headquarters of the legions on the Upper Rhine.
The Bmp. Julian gained a brilliant victory here over the Alemanni in 857.
— The name StratUbwgum appears towirdg the end of the 6th eent., to
which period the foundation o^ the bishopric is also ascribed. As an
episcopal city, Strassburg attained enreat prosperity through its shipping and
trade m wine. The inhabitants (30,000 in number) overthrew the l4shop
and acquired independence at the battle of Oberhausbergen in 1262. Their
skill in the arts of war enabled them to maintain their position, and in
1445 they successfully defended their city against 50,000 Armagnacs who
invaded Alsace under the Dauphin of France. The Reformation gained
a footing at Strassbui^ in 1520, and for a century and a half thereafter
the minster was almost uninterruptedly used for the Protestant service.
On 30th Sept., 1681, in a time of peace, Louis XIV., who had already
conquered the rest of Alsace during the Thirty Years' War, seized the city
of Strassburg, and France was confirmed in its possession by the Peace of
Ryswyck in 1697. By the Peace of Frankfort, 10th May, 1871, the city was
restored to the German Empire.
The TXniveraity, founded in 1567, was closed at the time of the French
Revolution , but was re-opened in 1872. Many distinguished men have
been educated here , and Gk>ethe, after a prolonged course of study in the
society of Herder, Stilling, and other talented fellow-students, graduated
here as a doctor of laws in 1771. In 1794 the National Convention sup-
pressed the university as being a stronghold of the German element In
Alsace, and in 1803 it was converted into a French academy, which in
its turn was closed in 1870.
Strassburg has always been regarded as a place of the utmost strate*
gical importance, and in a latter of Bmp. Maximilian I. ft is termed the
bulwark of the Holy Roman Empire , and eommended for its old-German
statue of KUber. STEASSBUEG. 40, RatUe. 307
konesty and bravery. StrMsbnrg artillery was famous in the middle
ages. The Fortifloatioiia were much strengthened by the French , who
constitnted Strassbnrg their third great arsenal. The siege of 1870 began
on 13th Aug., the bombardment on 18th Ang. ; and after a determined
and gallant resistance the town capitulated on 127th September. The
Oitadely erected by Vanban in 1682-84, was converted into a heap of ruins,
while the Steintor on the If. and the Weisthirmtor on the W. were
Inmost entirely destroyed. The quarters of the town adjoining these gates
suffered terribly, but no trace of the havoc now remidns. The German
fortifications consist of an extensive girdle of fifteen strong outworks,
some of them 4-5 M. from the town (comp. pp. 294, 823), u&d of an inner
rampart, enclosing a space more than twice the area of the former town.
. The political vicissitudes of the city find their external connt^art in
its Axehiieetnral Oharaotet^ Its prosperity as a free imperial city is illus-
trated by the noble Minster and oflier old churches and by a few public
buildings (pp. 306, 812) and private dwellings in the Renaissance style,
chiefly in the side-streets near the cathedral (pp. 312, 313). A considerable
layer of structures in the Louis XV. style was deposited by the 18th cent.,
when the noblesse of both banks of the Rhine were attracted by the brilliant
court of the French Oftrdinal-Bishop (p. 312). The plans were furnished
by Bob, d$ CotUf BUmdeL Pinoi, and other Parisians, but the execution was
entrusted to local architects. A third important building era set in vdth
the recent expansion of the city under German rule. The monumental
edifices, such as the University, the Emperor s Palace, and the new churches,
are aecompaitfed by a growing number of new private residences, obief^
. in the Renaissance style. — The numerous storks are an unfailing source
of interest to British and American visitors.
From the Railway Station (PI. A, 2, 3) we follow the Kubn-
gasse to the canalized 111. In the Elebei-Staden, to the left, are
the Synagogue., a Romanesque building (1898), and the old railway
station, now a Market (PI. B, 2), in the left wing of which is an
Industrial Exhibition (open 10-12 & 2-6, on Sun. 10-12.30).
Grossing the Kronenburg Bridge, we reach the Alts Wbinhaskt
(PI. B» 3), which contains a AfonumentoZFourUain (1895, with reliefs
of the Alsatian poets, Ehrenfrled, August, and Adolf Stober (d. 1835,
1884, & 1892), — A little to the aW. is Old St. Peter's aurch
(PI. B, 3), a buUdlng of the 14-15th cent., with four large reliefs
in wood (right and left of the entrance) by Veit Wagoner (1601).
The WEOTMABm-STBASSB, the Hohb Stbo, its £. prolongation,
snd the Mbisbnoassb, ending at the Broglie (p. 314), form one of
the chief arteries of trafflo. — At the beginning of the Hohe Steg,
to the light, is the small J^isem-Afonns-Pfati, deriying its name
from tiie *ixon man*, an ancient cognizance of Strassburg to be
leen on a house here. — We pass the Kleine Met%ig, recently
rebuilt in the Goman Renaissance style, to ^ the Klebbb-Platz
(PI. 0, 3), which is adorned with a bronze Statue of Kl^bert by Grasi,
- erected lu 1840. The inscriptions give a brief account of the career
of the general, who was a native of Strassburg (b. 1753, murdered at
Cairo in 1800). — The so-caUed Anbette, on the N. side of the
Platz, was totally destroyed by the bombardment of 1870, but has
been tastefully restored, the former facade haTing been retained.
It was originally used in part for military purposes, and its name is
BSid to refer to the reveille or morning-call. The groundfloor now
20*
308 Route 40, STRASSBURG.' Minrier.
contains Ovard Rooms and 8ome shops. The upper floor is devoted
to the Conservatorium of Music. — A little to the E. is the Temple
Neufi or Neue Kirehe (PL G, 3), a Dominican church of the
13th cent., entirely burned down during the siege of 1870, but re-
built in an Imposing Romanesque style. It contains a fine organ,
and the tombstone of the mystic Johann Tauler (1290-1361). Ad-
joining the church is the Protestant Oymnasiumj an institution of
which the Strassburgers have been justly proud for more than two
centuries. — A little to the N. is the Prot. Jung 8t, Peter Kirehe
(PI. 0, 2) erected in 1250-1320, and restored in 1897-1901, with
an interesting interior (entr. in Jung St. Petergasschen).
From the Eleber-Platz the Gbwbbbslaubbn, a busy street with
arcades under the houses on the E. side, leads to the S. to the
Gutbnbebo-Platz (PI. 0, 3, 4), so called from the Statue of Cfuten"
berg, the inventor of printing, by David d' Angers (1840). The four
bas-reliefs are emblematical of the blessings of the invention in
the four quarters of the globe, and comprise likenesses of many
celebrated men. The first Strassburg printer was Johann Mentel or
Mentelin, who flourished about 1458-73, and was perhaps either a
pupil or assistant of Gutenberg (comp. pp. 162, 163). — The Guten-
berg-Platz is bounded on the S. by the H6tel du Commerce (PI. 3 ;
G, 4), formerly the town-hall, built in the Renaissance style in
1682-85, and extended towards the S. in 1867.
From the Gutenberg-Platz the Eramergasse leads to the E. to-
wards the Minster, the W. facade of which. In red sandstone from
the Vosges, produces a brilliant effect in the light of a clear afternoon.
The **lEn8ter (PI. D, 3 ; Monasterium Sanetae Mariae Virginis')
is the cathedral of the see of Strassburg, said to have been founded
aboT^t 600 and dedicated from the very first to the Holy Virgin,
The earliest building of architectural importance was begun in 1015
by Bishop Wernher von Hapsburg (1001-27) and continued hy Bishop
WiUiam I. (1028-47). The date of its completion is not known.
Repeated fires gave occasion for the erection of a new church, which
was begun in 1176 under Bishop Conrad /., mainly on the existing
foundations, but after a design calculated to make it one of the most
considerable Romanesque edifices In Germany. While the apse and
the transept were slowly progressing, Gothic architecture had be-
come established in France, and of course exercised an influence on
all buildings in course of construction. This influence Is apparent in
the articulation of the S. transept, in the tracery of its round and
pointed windows, and in its elaborate portal. The architecture of
the nave, begun. about 1250 (nearly the same time as the choir of
Gologne Gathedral) and finished in 1290, is almOst exclusively
Gothic, t The name of the ardiitect is unknown. We can gather,
however, from analogies of style that he had been a diligent student
t In the accompanying plan tbe Romanesque parts of the building are
sbown in black, the Gotbic ghaded.
Mintier.
STRASSBTJRG.
40. Route. 309
of Frencli arcbitectare (sucli as that of the charch of St. Denis,
finished in 1231). He was, however, by no means a mere servile
copyist, but a thoughtful and original master, who pre-eminently
surpassed his contemporaries in his keen sense of symmetry. His
work may be characterized as the first important manifestation of
the Gothic style on German soil. In 1277 the citizens^ justly proud
of their recently acquired independence (p. 306), took in hand the
construction of the W. facade. It is in connection with the latter
that we encounter the name of Erwin von Steinbaeh for the first
time. Of the origin and training of this master we know nothing,
and even the accuracy of his surname is questioned. That he was
a stranger may be inferred from the discrepancy of the style of his
work from that previously exhibited in the minster. Among the ex-
tant designs ascribed (with more or less certainty) to him is one
310 RouUdO. STRASSBURG. Mkuter,
(p. 313) which accords with the execntion up to the top of the gthle
of the side-portalB. Erwin died In 1318. The office of cathedral-
architect long remained in hii family, the last scion of which is
supposed to be Mcuter Oerlaeh^ who completed the third stage of
the towers in 1366. Thereafter the idea of carrying through Erwin's
designs for the fa^de seems to hare been gi^en up, wMle an im-
portant innovation, the construction of the platform between the
towers, was resolved on. In 1399 Vlrich von Emingen of Swabia.
who showed astonishing command of the constroctive possibilities,
began the erection of the octagonal story of the tower, with its lofty
windows and bold comer-turrets. To him is dne also the height-
ening of the octagonal tower by another low story (1419), which
completed the snbstraction for the spire. The Identity of the ^Junker
von Prag\ who also are credited with work on the tower, is un-
certain. Equal technical ability is shown by the open-work spire,
constructed by Johann Hultz of Cologne (1420-39).
The work of tbe following centuries was confined to renovation and
small additions. Great damage was caosed by a conflagration in 1709, by
the fanaticism of the French Republicans in 1793, and by the German bom-
bardment in 1870. All traces of the iigury which the cathedral sustained
during the siege have now been removed under the superintendence of the
architect Klotz. The roof has been covered with copper, and a Roman-
esque dome was built over the crossing in 1878-79. From 18^ to 1895 the
minster-architect was Fr. SchmUg^ who completed Cologne Cathedral.
The*Fapaci«, by Erwin of Steinbach, is justly the most admired
part of the edifice , and presents a singularly happy union of the
.style of N. France (horizontal members, and fine rose-window, 44 ft.
in diameter) with the perpendicular tendency peculiar to German
cathedrals. The walls are covered with delicate tracery, and the
entire building is embellished with numerous sculptures (many of
them restored in the 19th cent.).
The niches of the gallery of the first story contain equestrian figures
of Clovis (founder of the first minster), Jhxffoberi (founder of the bishopric),
B-udolf of EofMbvrg (who invested the town with many privileges (these three
erected in 1S91, but since renewed), and Lovxt XIV. (erected in 1823). In the
niches of the second and third stories are statues of 20 other emperors and
kings. — Over the rose-window are the Virgin and JpottUs, with we Saviour
above them.
The sculptures of the three portals illustrate the Christian doctrine of
the Fall and Redemption. On the Left Side Portal are scenes from the early
life of Christ and figures of the Cardinal Virtues and the Seven Works of
Mercy. On the ifain Portal are reliefs from the Passion and statues of prophets, *
with the Virgin and King Solomon, as the representative of the highest earthly
wisdom. (The middle, beardless prophet to the left, in mediaeval dress, is
said by tradition to be a portrait of Erwin of Steinbach.) On the Right Side
Portai is a relief of the Last Judgment, with figures of the Foolish Virgins and
the Tempter to the left, ;uid of the Wise Virgins and a prophet to the right.
The late-Romanesque 8, Portal also merits examination. The
sculptures with which it is adorned date from about 1250. Of the
reliefs over the doors the Coronation of the Virgin has been restored,
while the Death of Mary remains almost in its original condition.
King Solomon between the doors is modern. The beautiful female
MkuUr, STEASSBURG. 40. BouU. SU
figures on the right and left are medieval 8yml)ol8 of Christianity
and Judaism. The statues of Erwin and Sabina fthe more • or less
apocryphal daughter of Erwin) were erected in lo40.
On the N. side is the late-Gothic Chapel of 8t, LawreneCy with
coarsely realistic sculptures from the martyrdom of the saint (re-
stored), built in front of the Romanesque fa^de of the N. transept in
1495-i505. On the pillars to the left is the Adoration of the Magi ;
to the right are statues of St. Lawrence, Pope Sixtus IV., and others.
The ♦Intbeioe (open 8-9, 10-12, and 2-6: hest light about mid-
day), consisting of a nave, 14 yds. wide and 99 ft. high, and aisles,
with transept and a somewhat shallow choir, is 120 yds. in length and
45 yds. in width. It differs from that of other German cathedrals in
possessing greater width in proportion to its height, and surpasses
them in harmonious effect. The noble window-tracery and the open
triforlum are direct reminiscences of St. Denis. The subdued light
enters through admirable stained-glass windows of the 14-1 5th cent.,
the subjects of which include apostles, saints, bishops, German sov-
ereigns, and scenes from the lives of Christ and the Virgin. The
middle window of the choir is modern. The fresco of the Last Judg-
ment on the triumphal arch is by Steinheil (1875). In the nave is
the Pulpit^ richly sculptured in stone, and executed in 1485-87 for
John Oeiler of Kaysetsherg (d. 1610 ; p. 345). The Font in the N.
transept dates from 1453. — The Chapel of 8t. Catharine, at the E.
end of the S. aisle, was added in 1349 and revaulted in 1547. —
Opposite, at the E. end of the N. aisle is the Chapel of 8t, Martin^
of 1515-20. — The Apse was frescoed by E. Steinle (p. 230) in
1877-80. — The Chapel of St, John (13th cent), to which a few
steps descend to the left of the choir, contains the Monument of
Bishop Conrad of Lichtenberg (d. 1299), executed in Erwin's work-
shop. The small figure of a man in a capacious cloak and hood
(below, next the window) is said to represent Erwin. In the court
behind this chapel is the Tombstone of Erwinj his wife, and one of
his grandchildren. — The Romanesque Chapel of 8t. Andrew^ to
the right of the choir, was finished before 1190, but its upper part
was altered at a later period. — The ^Erwinspfeiler\ a pillar in the
S. transept, is adorned with late-Romanesque sculptures (ca. 1250),
representing eight angels and the four Evangelists.
The lai^e astronomical Olook in the S. transept was constructed in
1838-42 by JSMuoUgui^ a clock-maker of Strassburg. It replaces a similar clock
by Dasppodifu, constructed in 1074, which was In use down to 1789, and
which in its torn formed a substitute for a still older clock, made in
1863-64. Only a few parts of the interior and some of the decorative
paintings of the old clock were used in making the present one. The
exterior attracts spectators at all times, especially at noon (12.29 p.m. of
Central Europe time) s after the closing of the oatbedral at midday visitors
are readmitted by the door of the 8. transept, except on festivals. On
the first gallery an angel strikes the quarters on a bell in his hand;
while a genius at his side reverses his sand-glass every hour. Higher
up, around a skeleton which strikes the hours, are grouped figures re-
presenting boyhood, youth, manhood, and old age (the four quarters of
312 Route 40. STRASSBUBO. Epiaeopal PeOaee,
the hour). Under the first gallery the symbolic deity of each day steps out
of a niche, Apollo on Sunday, Diana on Monday, and so on. In the
highest niche, at noon, the Twelve Apostles move round a figure of the
Saviour. On the highest pinnacle of the side-tower, which contains the
weights, is perched a cock which flaps its wings, stretches its neck, and
crows, awakening the echoes of the remotest nooks of the cathedral.
The mechanism also sets in motion a complete planetarium, behind which
is a perpetual calendar. — The most wonderful feature of this piece of
mechanism is that it is calculated to regulate itself and adapt its motions
to the revolution of the seasons for an almost unlimited number of years.
At tbe end of the nave is the entrance to tbe Crypt (fee), the E.
part of which dates from early in the 11th century.
The •MiNSTBB TowBB (j». 310) rises from the W. fa^de to a vast
and dizzy height. The entrance is on the S. side of the nnflnished
tower; ticket to the platform 20 pf., np to the turrets 40 pf., to the
top of the spire (steady head necessary) 2 JK, The visitor ascends
a tolerable staircase of 335 steps to the Platform^ 216 ft. above the
street, which affords a fine *ViBw of the town and the plain of the
Rhine. To the E. is seen the Black Forest from Baden to the
Blauen; W. and N. the Vosges Mountains; S. the isolated Kaiser-
stuhl, rising from the plain ; beyond it, in the extreme distance,
the Jura range. A good panorama is sold by the attendants.
Innumerable names are engraved on the parapet of the platform and
on the tower itself. Among them are Uiose of Qoethe^ Herder^ and Lanaier^
on a stone to the right of the smaU B. door of the tower leading to
the gallery. Voltaire'* is also to be found in the neighbourhood, among
many others.
From the platform to the summit of the tower is a height of 249 ft ;
the entire height is therefore 466 ft. (one of the highest buildings in Europe ;
Eiffel Tower at Paris 986 ft., Mole Antonelliana at Turin 638 ft., Ulm Cath-
edral 628ft., Cologne Cathedral 612 ft., Rouen Cathedral 486 ft., the Church
of St. Olatis at Reval 476 ft., the Nicolai-Eirche at Hamburg 472 ft., St.
Martin's at Landshut in Germany 462 ft. , St. Stephen's at Vienna 446 ft.,
St. Peter's at Rome 436 ft., St. Paul's at London 404 ft.). The spire having
been injured by lightning in 1833, it is now surrounded with a network
of conductors. The unfinished turrets at the comers, which seem to cling
precariously to the principal structure, contain winding staircases, leading
to the ^LanUm\ an open space immediately below the extreme summit.
The massive cross on the top was bent by a projectile during the siege of
1870, but has been restored.
The Dom-Platz, in front of the W. facade of the cathedral,
contains several ancient examples of half-timbered architecture,
the iinest of which is the KammerzelVsche or Brauri'sche Haua
(15-16th cent.), recently well restored and fitted up as a -wine-
saloon (Stiftskeller, see p. 305).
In the Sohloss-Platz (PI. D, 3, 4), which lies on the S. side of
the Minster, are situated the Lyceuniy or grammar-school, and the
Roman Catholic Seminary.
The old Episoopal Palace (PI. D, 4), opposite the S. portal of
the Minster, was built by Cardinal Armand Gaston de Rohan in
1728-41, and between that date and 1789 it was the seat of the
brilliant court of three other bishops of the Rohan family. It was
purchased by the town during the First Revolution, and from 1871
♦.0 1895 was employed as a library and for university purposes. In
MaisondelfotreDame, STRASSBURG. 40. Route. 313
1898 it was fitted up for the ♦Municipal MrsBini op Abt. The
deooration of the 18th cent.- rooms is noteworthy..
Ck>UBT. To the right is the CoUeetion o/AliaUan Anfiquttiet (open free
on Sun. 10-12.S0, and Wed. 1M2.30).
FissT Floob, with the Colleotion of Pictures, founded in 1889 and
already containing upwards of 600 works (open on week-days, except Hon.,
10-1 A 2-4, and on Sun. in winter 10-12.30 & 24, in summer only 10-1; adm.
on Tues., Frid., and Sat. 50 pf., on other days free). The older section
contains a few excellent examples of the Italian, German, and Nether-
landish schools; the modem section is largely devoted to Alsatian works.
Catalogue 80 pf. ; with illustratioDS, 2 •# 50 pf. A list hangs in each room.
Book I. Works of the 19th century. To the right, '499. / if. Zttber,
Flock of sheep tJk Alfc'Pfirti *417. Coroi, Pond at VUle d'Avray. Also
specimens of ffomecker. Decamps^ Brion^ Idebermann^ and Marzolff.
EooM II. Older Schools. To the right, 85. Van Dyck^ Portrait; 124.
' Eembrandtj Study of an old man''s head. — Rubens, 82. Christ, 81. St. Francis
(studio-pieces); 325. Salv. Rosa, Heroic landscape; 351. Dom. Theotocopulo
(Spanish), Madonna; *128. Th. de Keyaer, Heads of the Amsterdam Silver-
smiths' Guild. — 364, 353. Zurharan, Saints (replicas of the paintings in
Genoa); 352. Ribera, SS. Peter and Paul.
Antb-Boom III. Sculptures. Fine view of the Minster. — Boou IV (to
left). Examples of H. Baldung Qrien, Zeitblom, Witz, and other early-German
masters (16-16th cent.).
BooH V. Italian Masters (15-16th cent.). To the left, 275. CaWant,
Lute-player; *219. Cima da Conegliano, St. Sebastian. — 223. B. Montagna,
Adoration of the Holy Child. — 271. School of Falma Vecchio, Head of
Christ. — Farther on, passing through Vbstibulb VI. (525 L. von Kramer,
Alsatia Antiqua, large coloured drawing) and Antb Room IX (368. Watteau,
Cleaning tbe dishes), we enter —
Cabinbt X. To the right : 22. Cranach the Elder^ Fall. 53a. Imitator of
Gerard David of Brugee, Madonna with the spoon ; •SI, ff. Memling, Six
panels from a travelling altar.
Cabxitet XI. To the left : 362 Corneille de Lyon, Portrait of a nobleman ;
66. Unknown Dutch Matter (15th cent,), Portrait.
Cabinbt XII. 91. Style of Qontalet Coquet, Astronomer and his wife.
— 126. G. Mettu, Dives and Lazarus. — 155. /. de Heem, Still-life.
Cabihbt XIII. 136. S. van Ruytdael, River-scene. — 12S. F. de Hooghe,
The walk ; 137. /. vcm Ruytdael, Mill-stream.
Cabikbt XIV. 90. Teniert the Younger, Cjurd^players ; 138. /. van der
Meer, Sand-dunes.
Cabinet XV. 276. Cariani, Portrait; 270. Correggio, Judith.
Cabinbt XVI. 216. Fiero di Cotimo, Legend of Prometheus. — 264.
Sodoma, Holy Family; 217. C. OrivelU, Adoration of the Child; 215. Lor,
di Credi, Madonna.
We pass through Cab. XV. into Cobbidob XVII. 9b. H, Holbein the
Elder, The Man of Sorrows; B. Strigel, 10. Maximilian I., 11. Death of
the Virgin; H, Baldung Grien, 14. Young man, 16. Madonna in an arbour,
15. Portrait; 25. AUdorfer (?), Architect; 251-256. Heads of Apostles, old
copies from Leonardo's Last Supper. Old views of Strassburg; sculptures
by Bariholdi. We now return to the staircase, and proceed straight on
to Booms VII A VIII, which contain modern paintings.
The Maiion de Hotre Dame> or Frau€nhau8 (PI. 2, D 4; adm.
daily, 9-12 & 3-5, 20 pf.), Schloss-Platz 3, built in the 14-16th cent.,
eontains an ancient plan of the cathedral, the model of the spiie,
several Gothic sculptures transferred from the cathedral, designs for
the tower and facade (comp. p. 309), and remains of the old clock
The graceful winding staircase, in the latest (Gothic style, merits
attention.
314 Route 40. STRASSBURG. Church of Si, Thonm^
Via the Ferkd^Markt (PI. D, 4; No. 1, at the comer, a pic-
turesque house of 1477 and 1602), we reach the Altb Fisohm^rkt
(PI. 0, 4), which connects the Gntenberg-Platz (p. 308) with the
Baben-Brucke. The house where Goethe lived when a student at
Strasshurg (1770-71; No. 36) is indicated by a bronze portrait-bust
of the poet, in relief.
At the end of the Alte Fischmarkt, near the Raben^Brdcke, is
the GroBse Xetsig (Pi. 6; D, 4), built in 1588, the groundfloor of
which is used as a market, while the first floor contains the interest-
ing Hohmlohe Museum y open daily, Men. excepted, 10-12 and
2-4 (Sun. 10-1). Among its contents is a room in the rococo style
from the GhHteau of Linde hof, once belonging to King Lewis II.
of Bavaria. — No. 1 in trhe Kaufhausgasse, which runs hence to
the W., is a Renaissance structure of 1586.
The Protestant Ghnreh of St Thomas (PI. 0, 4) consists, like
the Minster, of a Romanesque and a Gothic part. The former, to the
W., dates from about 1200-1240. The latter, consisting of a short
nave with double aisles, was erected in the 14th century. Open daily;
tickets, 40 pf . each , obtained from the sacristan , Thomas-Platz 5
(free on Wed., 10-12).
The choir contains a magnificent *Monvment in marble, erected by
Louis XV. to Metrshal Saxe (d. 1760), son of Augustas I., Elector of
Saxony (afterwards King of Poland), and the beautiful Countess Aurora von
Konigsmark. It was executed by PigalU, who completed it in 1776 after
twenty years' labour. The marshal is in the act of descending into the
tomb opened for his reception by Death, while a female figure representing
France strives to detain him, and Hercules at the side in mournful attitude
leans upon his club; on the left, with broken flags beneath, are the
Austrian eagle, the Dutch lion', and the English leopard, symbolising
the three powers defeated by the marshal in the Flemish wars. The
whole is an allegory in the questionable taste of the age, but its ezecntion
is of great delicacy and vigour. The stone sarcophagus of Biahop Adeloeh
ld.830), in a side-chapel to the K., dates from the l!2th centory. The two
mammies, in the same chapel, are of the i7th century.
To the S., reached by the Raben-Brilcke (see above) or the
Thomas-Briicke) is the old City Hotpitalj surrounded by various
medical institutes connected with the university.
In the N.E. part of old Strassburg lies the Bboglib (PL 0, D, 3),
a square named after the marshal of that name who laid it out in
1742, and much frequented as a promenade, especially in the
evening (band, see p. 305). At the E. end stands the Theatre^
burned down in 1870, but since restored in its former style, ibi
front of it is the Reinhardbrunneny by Hildebrand. On the 8. are the
,8tadthau8 (1730), the Military Headquarters (with a monument to
Lewis I. of Bavaria, bom here in 1786) . and the Residence of the
Governor of Alsace, rebuilt In 1872-74 with retention, so far as
possible, of the old materials and appearance of 1730-96. At the
corner is a bronze statue of the prefect Marquis de Lizay^MamSsia
(1810-14), by Grass, erected in 1857.
The L^zay-Marn^sia-Staden leads hence along the canalized lU
University. OTRASSBURG. 40. Route. 315
to the Church of8t. Stephen , dating from the ISth cent, but orig-
inally founded in the 8th centniy. The Cafi turn EiUer^ Stephana-
Plan No. 17, is a Renalasance building of 1598, .with a painted
facade.
Beyond the lU a handsome new quarter has been laid out on and
beyond the site of the old ramparts. In the Eaisei^-Platz (PL D, 2),
adjoining the river, stands the Imperial Falaoe, built in 1883-89 in
the Florentine Renaissance style from Eggert^e designs. The building
(open daily 10-6, Sun. 11-6, in winter 11-4*; adm. 25 pf. ; entr. on
the N. side), 240 ft. in length by 184 ft. in depth, with a portico in
front and a half-round borne by columns at its back, is richly decorated
with sculptures by Berlin and Frankfort artists. The dome above the
audience hall is crowned by two colossal heralds and rises to a height
of 1 15 ft. The palace is roofed with tiles after Olympian patterns. The
imperial rooms, on the first floor, are decorated with paintings by
Keuffel and Baum of Frankfort. The staircase, the audience room
(under the dome), and the three reception rooms on the W. side are
all very handsome. — To the right, opposite the palace and separated
from each other by the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Str. (see below), are the
EaU of the Froyinoial Diet and the University Librarj, both in
the Renaissance style and built between 1888 and 1894. The latter
contains the Provincial and University Library (over 845,000 vols.),
founded in 1871 to replace that destroyed in the siege (open to
visitors on week-days 2-3, Sun. 9-12 & 2-4). In the hall is a marble
statue of Emperor William I., by Zumbusch.
On the N. side of the Eaiser-PlatZj between the two Ministerial
Offices (one of which is still unfinished), is the Kaiser-Friedrich-Str.,
leading to the Contades (PI. £,1,2), a park laid out by Marshal .
Oontades in 1764. — To the W. of the Imperial Palace is the con-
spicuous dome of the Neue-Jung-St-Peter-Kirche oi the Church of the
Sacred Heart (PI. 0, D, 2), erected in 1889-93. — To the S.E., in
the Hohenlohe-Str., is the Imposing new Post Office (PI. E, 3 j 1899).
The wide Kaiser- Wilhelm-Strasse leads from the Kaiser-Platz
to the S.E., crossing the 111 by the handsome Universitats^Brucke
(P1.E,3) and passing the Protestant Garrison Church (1892-97), to
the Untvbbsitats-Platz (PL E, 3 ; monument of Ooethe as a Touth^
1904), which is bounded on the E. by the collegiate department of
the University and on the S. by the building of the Qermania
Insurance Co, (restaurant, see p. 305).
The Collegiate Department (ColUgien-Oebaude ; PI E, F, 3),
buUt in the early Italian Renaissance style in 1877-84, is adorned
with 36 statues of men of learning. About 1400 students attend the
lectures. The interior contains a handsome court, lighted from above,
richly decorated vestibules, staircases, and aula, and extensive
collections of casts and objects of antiquarian and artistic interest.
— Adjoining are the SdsmologieeU Institute, the Chemical and
Physical InsUtutu, the Botanical Institute, with a large garden and
S16 RouU 40. dTBASSBURG.
hot-houses, the Oeological and Mineralogieal Institute ^ the Zoological
/fMtitu(€ (at present containing the town collection of natural history),
and the excellently equipped Obiervatory,
To the N.E., in the Amold-Platz, are the Roman Catholic Qar^
rison Church (PI. (3^, 8), by L. Becker, and, opposite, the Pharma"
ceutieal Institute, Close by is the Technical 8chook — In the W.
part of the Schwarzwald-Str. are the District Archives (PI. 1 : F, 3),
in the £. is the large Commissariat Department (PI. G, 4) and the
Protestant Teachers* Seminary,
The old part of the town to the S. of the Uniyersity contains
several military buildings. Near the old Academy building is the
Mechanies* School of Art (PL 5 ; £, 3), the ground in front of
which, with a monument, was used as a burial-place during the
siege. At the W. end of the Wllhelmergasse is the old WiUMmer^
Kirche (PI. 8 ; E, 4), with a fine Gothic monument of the 14th cent,
and good stained glass (15-16th cent.). — The ZUrich Fountain
(Pi. 9; D, 4) commemorates an old legend told in a ballad by
Fischart.
At the end of the villa-lined Ruprechtsauer Alltfe (tramway)
lies the *Orangerie (PI. G, H, 1, !l), a beautiful park, with a line
orangery (1806), a kiosque, once b^onging to King Lewis II. of
Bavaria, a bust of the composer Victor Nessler (of Strassburg ; 1841*
90), a restaurant (p. 305) with a large concert-room, and the *A1-
satian Peasant House' (wine).
Fboh Strassburg to Kbhl (p. 879) is a pleasant trip by tramway,
starting at the Metzger-Platz (PI. D, i). The cars pass throagh the Metzger-
Tor and skirt the harbonrs constructed to the S.E. of the town since 1881.
The road leads over the Sporen-Jnsely formed by the temporary divergence
of the ^Little Rhine' from the main stream. The large new harhoor-works
here, with magazines of coal and petroleum, indicate the growing im-
portance of the navigation of the Upper Rhine. Beyond the bridge over
the ^Little Rhine\ on the Sporen-Insel, to the right of the road, is a
monument erected by Kapoleon I. to General Desaix. who fell at Marengo
in 1800. On the £. side of the Sporen-Insel, adjoining the new iron
bridge over the Rhine (1897), is the favourite open-air pleasure-resort
Rheinlust (p. 305), affording a fine view of the Black Forest. — £««,
see p. 379.
From Strassburg to Colmas (p. 824^ vU Markolshsim, 47 M., steam-
tramway in ca. 51/4 hrs. (fares 8 J# 80, 2 jM 50 pf). This Une skirts the
E. bank of the Rhine-Rhone Oanal. The intermediate stations are un-
important.
41. From Strassburg to Saarbrtcken (Metz).
84 M. Railway in 4V«-5V» hrs. (fares 10 UT, 7 UT 40, 4 UT 80 j express
13 ^ 60, 9 ur, 5 ur 80 pf.). — From Strassburg to if«te, 4«/4-6 hrs. (Jfkres
16 ur 20, 10 Ul 70, 6 ur 90 pf.); route Ti& Saarburg, see p. 818.
From Strassbnrg to Hagenau, 20i/2 M., see p. 294. At Hagenan
the line diverges to the N.W. from that to Weissenburg, passes
(23 M.) Schweighausen (branch -line to Zabern, p. 318), and tra-
verses part of the forest of Hagenau (p. 293). 27% M. Mert-
weiUr, a busy little place with iron-works (branch-line to Wal-
BITSOfl. 41. BouU. 317
burg, p. 293). 28V2 M. MietesMmi 3OV2 M. Oundenhofen, —
31 M. Beichshofen Wtrk,- 32V2 M. Reichshofen Stadt (BeUeTue, at
the station ; Dowler, well spoken of; ezcnrsion to the battlefield,
see p. 294), situated on the road from Worth to Bitsch , by which
the remnants of MacMahon's army retreated on the evening of
6th Aug., 1870. — The line enters the mountains, and passes
through several cuttings.
34 M. Kiederbronn. — Hotels. •Hotel Matthis, B. 2-2V4, D. (12.80)
2V«, pens. 6-6»/4 •#; Doebsch, R. lVi-2, D. (12.30) 2 UT, very fair ; Wbisslke 5
YixJUA. Bxllbvub; Pens. Sobo, 8 •# 60 pf. - 4 •#. — Visitors' tax, 10 Jf.
NUderhronn (660 ft.), with 3120 inhab., in the pretty valley of
the Falkeruteiner Bachy is a popular summer-reiort, with saline
springs, which were known to the Romans and are specially hene-
flcial for «tomaeh and liver complaintSw Pleasant walks. The hill
(1416 ft.), which rises abruptly to the W. of the town, commanding
a fine view, and easily ascended in S/4 hr., is crowned with the
ruins of the Wasenburg, erected in the 14th century. Other ex-
cursions may be taken to the vlew*tower on the Groise WinUrtiberg
(1900 ft.; 1 V4-I V2 ^r-) a^d through the Jager-Tal„ past the ruins of
Ali-Windstein and Neu-Windstein, to PhlUppsburg (4-4V2 lirs.). —
Jagertkal and the Wastgenateiny see p. 304.
38V2M. Philippsburg, About 3 M. from here, among the woods,
on a lofty rock, is the ruined castle of FcUkensUin (12th cent.), with
a fine view. — 42 M. Bannstcin.
48I/2M. Bitseh (1006 ft.; Hdtel de Metz\ a small town and
fortress with 4768 inhab., is situated on the N. slojpes of theVosges,
and commanded by Fort Biiaehy the fortifications of which, partly
hewn in the rock, still command the valley. In the Franco- German
war of 1870-71 Bitsch capitulated only after the preliminary articles
of the peace had been signed,
64 M. Lemberg^ with ^ass-works; 56V2M. Enchmberg; 69 M.
KUin-Bederchingen; 61 M« Bohrbaeh; 66 M. Wolflingen.
72Y2 M. SaargeMftnd, French Sarreguemines (660 ft. ; Central
Hotel f very fair), a towU with 14,932 inhab., at the confluence of
the BUea and 8aarj the latter of which here forms the boundary be-
tween German Lorraine and Rhenish Prussia, possesses large manu-
factories of plush, velvet, fayence, and earthenware.
From Saargemund to Saarburg^ see p. 820; to XaeOnikkM^ see p. 806;
to Mommenkeim (Strassburff)^ see p. 818.
At Saargemiind the line divides : the branch to the N. runs by
HaniDeUer (station for the small baths of BUehingen\ Ktein^BliUera-
dorf, and Brebaeh to (83V2 M.) Saarbrucken (p. 173); that to the
W. by Ekindlingeny FaraehweOer, and Beningen (p. 174), to (128 M.)
MeU (p. 174).
318
42. From Strassborg to Hots Tit Saaralben or
vi& Saarbnrg. The B'orth Vosges HtB.
Railway ▼!& Baaralbmt 106 M., in 8 lurs. (express)! tU Baat^vra^
99 M., in 2Vr3 bn. (express; fares U •# 60, 10 •# 80, 7 Jl 90 pf.).
As far as Zabern the scenery is uninteresting. 5 M. Mundolt^
heim. At (6 M.) Vendenheim the line to Weissenburg diveiges to
the right (p. 294). The train crosses the Zom and passe* the large
lunatic asylum of Stephan$feld, 11 M. Brumath,
14 M. Mommenheimy the junction of the lines to Saaralben
(Saargemiind) and Saarburg, which diverge from each other here.
Railway to Bbnsdosf via Saabalbbn. — iS^/%U^ AUeeken--
dorf, — 24 M. Oberfnodem^ the junction of the line to Schwelg-
hausen and Hagenau (see p. 316).
From Obbbmopskh to Zabbbh, 14 M., railway in 'A hr.
81^ X. Bnehaweiler (SimnOt a small town with SOU inbab., in the
old ^Hananer Landcben% wbicb belonged to Hesse-Darmstadt down to tbe
French Bevolution. Tbe Bathans bas a handsome portal. Tbe Oymnasinm,
establisbed in 1612, stands on tbe site of the old cb&teaa. Many of tbe booses
bare Renaissance baJoonies. An admirable view is obtahied from tbe
Bcutberg (1265 ft.), a bill of curious geolO|ical formation, abounding in
coal; its fossils attracted tbe attention of Ooetbe (refuge-but on tbe
summit). Tbe Bastberg is tbe centre of numerous looad traditiens and waa
long believed to be a favourite trysting-place of witches and sorcerers. —
From Bucbsweiler braneb-line to Ingvotiler (see below).
7 M. Kenweiler {Anker ^ Wolffs good red wine) possesses two interest-
ing cburcbes : tbe Protestant St. Adelphi-Kireh^y a late-Bomanesque edifice of
tbe 12tb cent. , and tbe Boman Catholic Chmtk of BS. F^Ur and Paul,
Bomanosque with later additions, restored in 1862 (fine crypt). Tbe double
chapel of St. Sebastian of the latter chureb dates from we lltb cent, or
even earlier. The 17. portal of the nave descorres notice. Above the
town(^/2br.) rises tbe niin of Eei-remtein^ commanding a picturesque view
(rfmts.).
8 M. Bossenherm (Railtoav Hotel) lies at tbe entrance of tbe Ztntieh
Tal^ through which a pleasant excursion may be made to (8*/« X.) Cber-
hcf (Xatbis, very fair), and (IVs M.) OraH/lhal (branch-line from Liitsel-
burg: p. 320), with curious rock-dwellings. About 4Vs X. to the If. of
Oberhof is LIUzelttein (Pflug, very fair), with -a picturesque old castle.
Another walk from Dossenheim is the following: we ascend to the left
at the beginning of the woods in tbe Zinzel-Tal to tbe Taubentehlagfels.
above EmoUheim; then cross the hill, vi& tbe so-called Heidtnttadt ana
LangenikdUr Kreut, to tbe MiehatU-KapelUy above St. Johann (p. 831), and
to Zabern.
9VsX. Hattmatt: 12 M. Sleinburg; 18 X. Zonihof. — ii Zabern Cp. 819).
The line ascends the wide valley of the Moder, — 26 Vs^. Mench-
ho fen; 28 M. IngweiUr (H6tel des Vosges, very fair), conneoted by
a branoh-Une with Bucbsweiler (see above); 81VsM. Wimmenau
(i hr. f^om Lichtenberg, at the foot of a fort destrtyed in 1870);
34 M. Wingen (branch to JfOfisl&at, 71/2 M.). Fine woods. Long
tunnel. 38 M. Puherg; 41 M. TUfenbaehf 43 M. Adaamodler,
Near (45^2 M.) Diemeringcn are the remains of a Roman villa.
47 M. Domfesady with a fine Gothic church of the 14th cent;
481/2 M. VolUrdmgm; 51 1/2 M. Oermingm; 54 M. Kalhausm,
junction of the line to Saargemund and Saarbriicken ; 56V2 M.
ZABERN. 4^, Route, 319
Herbitzheim. — 59 H. Saardlhen, the jnnction of the Bensdorf and
Saargemand line (p. 320). — 64 M. OttwHUr; TOM. Leiningen.
75 M. Bensdorf y and thence to Mettj see p. 320.
From Mommbnhbim (p. 318) to Bbnsdobf tia Saabbxjbo. —
171/2 M. Hochfelden; 2O7, M. WUwUheim; 22V2 M. DettweUer;
25 M. Steinburg (to Obennodern and HagenaU) see p. 318).
271/2 H. Zftbem. ^ Sotels. HdxsL DB LA Oabb, a< the station,
with restaurant and garden, rery fair; HdTBL Gxntbal, well spoken of ^
HdTBL DBS YotOBS, OB the Canal, with beer-garden, B. lVs-5 Jf; SoNsre,
Haupt-Sfr. — Karp/Mt good wine.
Oaniage to Hoh-Barr and back 6, with two horses 8 •#, incl. stay of
S hrs.) to Pfalzburg 7 and 12 UT; to Wangenbnrg 18 Ul^; to Dagsburg and
Wangenbarg 20 •#.
Zahem (610 ft.) , also called Eleaaa^Zabem to distinguish it
from Rhein-Zabem and Berg-Zabern (p. 292), the French Sanemef
the Trtt Tabernae of the Romans , and fonnerly the capital of the
Wasgau, is now a dull town with 8937 inhab., lying at the entrance
of the Zdbemer Senke^ a narrow defilis of the Yosges, watered by the
Zorn, and dose to the base of the beautifully-wooded lower hills.
On the latter appear the ruins of Greifenstein to the right (W.),
and to the left (S.W.) Hoh-Barr (p. 321). The Rhinc-Mame Canal
also traverses the pass and intersects the town.
The former Schloss of the Bishops of Strassburg, with its con-
spicuous red sandstone walls , was erected in its present form in
1784 by Oardinal de Rohan who held a brilliant court here j it is
now nsed as a barrack. The principal facade is turned towards the
garden. An ObeUsh in the planted square in front of the Schloss,
erected in 1666, records the distances of 100 different towns from
Zabem in German miles.
Ascending the Haupt-Strasse, we reach ikeBaupUKirchef chiefly
in the Hte-Gothio style of the latter half of the 15th century. The
pulpit dates from 1497. The decoration is modem. The court-
gateway, to the N. of the church, leads to a Afuaettm, in which are
preserred Roman, Gallic^ Oeltie, and Frankish antiquities found in
the neighbourhood, induding several roof-shaped tombstones with
Roman inscriptionf ftom Eempel, Fallbetg, and Dagsburg.
From Zabem to Be/am»tadt, see p. 886} to Obermodtm^ see p. 818)
to the N. Vosgu, see p. 831.
Near Zabem the railway enters the narrow and picturesque
vaUey of the Zorn, and intersects the Yosges range at its narrowest
point, the Zdbemer Serike (see above), which sieparates the Central
ftom the Lower Yosges. Thft line runs parallel wiUi the highroad, the
brook, and the Rhine-Maroe Canal. Bridges, embankments, viaducts,
and tunnels follow each other in rapid succession. — From (301/2 M.)
Stanibaeh (A. Kling; E. KUng) a marked path leads through the
BSrenbach^Tal to (3-31/2 hrs.) Dagsburg (p. 322). A prettier way,
but about 1 hr. longer, is that by the forester's house of Haheraeker
(marked red and white to that point, and then red), comp. p. 322*
320 Route 42. SAABBUBG.
331/2 M. Luiselbwg, the first station in German Lorraine, is sep-
arated by the Zom from a bold rock crowned with the ruins of the
LutztVburger SchlosSy l castle dating from the 11 th cent., under
which nins a tunnel.
To Dagsburg, see p. 322. — Branch-railway (from which a line di-
verges for Pfalaburg, p. 321; 3V« M.) vii (7»^ M.) Graufthal (p. 818) to
Dralingen, I2V2 M. in IVs hr.
The line soon quits ike valley of the Zorn. A handsome bridge
spans the river with one of its arches, and with the other the Rhine-
Mame Ckmal, which here turns to the right side of the valley. —
Beyond (8672 ^0 ArzweUer the railway penetrates the last of the
obstructing hills by means of a tunnel, 2927 yds. in length, above
which is another tunnel for the canal. — The hills now recede.
Among the mountains to the left the twoDonon peaks are prominent.
4IV2 M. Rieding,
44 M. Saarbnrg (^H6tel Abondancey very fair; H6tel de Bade;
Hdtel'Restaurant Bayersdorfer, at the station), on the Saar, a small
and ancient town, with 9800 inhab. and a strong garrison, enclosed
by walls and gates. It must not be confounded with Saarburg near
Treves (see p. 181).
Fboh Saabbuko to SAABOBMdND, SSVs M., railway in l-ls/4 hr. (fares
4 ur 30. 2 ur 90, 1 ur 90 pf.). - To BerthehninffM, where carriages are changed,
see below. 10 M. Firutingen; 14 M. Wol/skirehen ; 17Vi M. Saarwerden;
18V» M. Saar-Union (Hdtel du Commeree. very fair), a place consisting of
the two small towns of Boetenheim and NeU'Saarwerden. 24 M. SaaraXben
is the junction of the line from Hommenheim to Bensdoirf (see p. 818).
Then WilUrwaldy ffapibach^ Ifeuscheuem. — 33V« M. Saargemandt see p. 817,
Fbom Saabbubo to Albsbschwbilsb, 10 M., railway in 1 hr. — Stations ;
Imlingmf 3 If . Oberhammer (branch-line to Valkiy$thal'J)re(brmmy vii Seum^
with interesting rains of an old abbey-church) & LSrehinget^ Niiting^ UntM^
Barville^ W<uperwHler-8t. Qiuirin. — Albersonweiler (B6UI Oayet^ very
fair) is a good starting-point for excursions into the Dagsbux^ district
(p. 322) and the upper valley of the 8aar.
Fbom Saabbubo to Nanot, 49 M., railway in 2 hrs. Qtations -. Hemingm^
Bixingen or Bichicourt^ (12Vs M.) DeuUeh-Avricowrt (the German frontier-
station and seat of the custom-house; connected by a branch with Bens-
dorf, see below), (ISVs M.) Ignttf-Avrieourt (the French firontier-station) ;
thence to Nancy ^ see Baedeker^ 9 Northern France,
At Saarburg the line to Metz begins, and follows the course of the
Soar, — 46^2 M. Saaraltdorf; 61^2 M, Beirikehningen (see above).
The line now diverges to the left , IntersdcCtng ^ hilly and wooded
country, with several large ponds. Several unimportant station^.
58 V2 M. Lauterfingen; 631/2 M. Nehing,
66 M. Bensdorf^ the junction for the line from Mommenheim
via Saaralben (p. 318).
Bensdorf is connected by branch-lines wUh' (21 Vt M.) Dmttseh-Avricourt
(see above) and with (2lVs M.) Mcncel (for Nancy).
• 681/2 M. Rodalben^Bermeringen; 71 M. JIf orcWnjwn, strongly
garrisoned; 73 M. Landorf; 76 M. Brulingen; 80 M. Baiidreeourt, —
At (85 M.) RemiUy we join the line from Saarbrucken td (99 M.)
Met* (p. It4).
■U, ^
i«H ■■
_^^^ ittrffi/KrJrrtfp
HOH-BARR. 42, Route. 321
The Horth Vosges Monntalni.
Zabern is a good sUrting-point for excnrsiOni among these moontains.
— From Kabem to 8t, Johann and Dossanheimt 6M., retaming by railway
or taking the train to Buehtweiler (p. 818). — From Zabern to Hyaltburg^
Vft M., and by a branch-line to LUtxelhurg in «/« br. (see p. 320). — From
Zabern to the top of the Oreifmiitin and back in 2-2i/s hrs. — From
Zabern vi& Hoh'Barr^t BroUchHrg^ Haheraeker^ and Och»9n»iHn to ^anAaeh
(p. 319), 5 hrs \ vii JSohBarr to Dagiburg and Wangenburg^ T-T'/t hrfl.
About 21/4 M. to the N.E. of Zabern lies the village of 8t. JohanzL,
Fr. 8i, Jean-dcf'-Choux^ foimeily the seat of a Benedictine Abbey,
the Romanesque church of which, re-consecrated in 1127, but partly
disfigured in the 18th cent., deserves notice. The 8U Michaels-
Kapelle situated above it commands a fine view. Along the ridge,
past the Taubenschlag rock, to Dossenheim, see p. 318.
From Zabern to Pfalzburg, 6Y4 M., the road ascends the steep
slopes of the ^Pfalzburger Steig'. Pedestrians turn to the left and
pass the precipitous Karlsprungy above which ^ey regain the road.
— PfalBbiirg (1035 ft. ; Stadi MHz; Rappen, very fair), with 3716
inhab., situated In an unattractive lofty plain, and fortified down
to 1872, possesses a monument to Marshal Mouton, Gomte Lobau,
one of Napoleon's officers, who was born here in 1770 (d. 1838).
To the W. of Zabern, on the summit of a wooded hill, to the
right of the entrance of the narrower part of the valley of the
Zprn, rises the ruin of Oreifenstein (1255 ft.). In Zabern we follow
the Greifensteiner-Strasse, which diverges from the main street to
the N. of the canal (or we may go along the bank of the canal), and
after about S/4 M. turn to the right at the finger-post. We then cross
the Zom and the railway, and ascend through the wood to the left.
The path (indicated by finger-posts) leads hence to the summit in
about ^2 hour. The ruins consist of two separate parts, chiefly dat-
ing from the 12th and 13th centuries, and command a pleasing view.
On the slope to the S.W. of the fortress, and about 1 Y4 M. distant,
is the natural Orotto of 8t, Vitus (1280 ft.), formerly a chapel and
hermitage to which pilgrimages were made. We may return to
Zabern in ^4 ^'m O' continue along the crest to (20 min.) the
RappenfelSy and descend thence to (25 min.) Stambach (p. 319).
On the S. side of the Zomtal rises the ruin of Hoh-Barr
(1505 ft.), which also occupies a wooded eminence. Starting from
the main street of Zabern, on the S. side of the canal, and ascend-
ing a few steps, we proceed along the canal and then follow the
finger-posts to the left until we reach (25 min.) the edge of the
wood, through which a footpath (red marks) leads in 20 min. to
the Tutn (good inn). The fortress was built in the 10-1 1th cent.,
enlarged at a later period, and restored in 1583. The extensive
ruins almost appear to grow out of the fantastic sandstone and con-
glomerate rocks. The small Romanesque chapel, in the court, is
perhaps of the 11th century. The highest points of the h^ge rocks
are made accessible by ladders and bridges.
Basdbbbk*s Bhine. 16th Edit. 21
322 Rouie42, — Map,p.321, DAGSBURG.
An interestiDg moantoin-walk may be made from the Hoh-
Bair. Gontlnaing along the ridge (finger-posts and red marks), and
passing between the ruins of Chross-Oeroldseek (1580 ft), with a
huge tower, only half preserved, and Klein^Oeroldtecky we reach
(20 min.) the so-called ^Hexentisch', where notices on the trees
indicate the route y\k the (20 min.) Brotsehhtrg (^ilQO ft. ; view-
tower) and past the Brotsch Grotto to (25 min. more) the Schafer-
platz and also the direct route to the forester's house of Schafer-
platz (1266 ft). Thence we follow the Hiigen and Haberacker road,
which, flanked by a shady footpath, descends to the S. and termi-
nates 1^2 M. farther on in a road coming from Reinhardsmiinster.
We follow the latter to the right to (10 min.) the two forester's houses
of Haberacker (1575 ft ; in the first one a very fair restaurant, also
rooms). The ruin of Oehsenstein (1915 ft. ; view), which rises above
(*/4 hr.), consists of three towers rendered accessible by ladders.
A footpath (red and white marks) leads vift the Kretppenfd* (1745 ft.)
to the Dmidenttein^ thenee steeply down to the SUme Hut,, a&d follows the
Barenbach-Tal to Stambach (p. 319; l^/z-lVt hr.). Stambach may be reached
in 1 hr. by the direct way.
We continue to follow the road above the forester's, and then
take the (6 min.) footpath to the left (*Hart, Hub, Bagsburg'),
which soon affords a view (r.) of the Dagsburg. We proceed past the
Geisfeldwasen (whence a red and white-marked path leads to the
Obersteigen and Wangenburg road) to the (40 min.) Hart^ "Whence
by the wall of the farmyard, we descend to the right, following the
red way-marks. 1/2 ^^' ^^f ^^ ^^^ (Kimmenau's Inn), the church
of which has been conspicuous for some time.
Passing the B. side of the church, we reach (20 min.) the ZolUtodt /rm,
on the road to Obersteigen-Wangenbnrg (ca. 6 M . ; 1^^ hr. by the short-
cats indicated by notices).
A route leads towards the wood £com Kimmenau's inn, descends
into the valley, and then ascends again in 1 hr. to the Bagsbnrg
(1675 ft.), a lofty, isolated rock, commanding an excellent view.
The castle, *hewn in a rock and inhabited by certain Counts of
Leiningen-Dagsperg' (Merian, 1663), was destroyed by the French
in 1675, and has left scarcely a trace behind. On its site stands
a chapel (with view-tower) erected in honour of Pope Leo IX.
(1 048-54) , who is said to have been bom here. At the foot of the
oastle-hill lies (74 hr.) the village of Dagsburg (Schlossberg-Hotel,
on the way down, very fair ; Bour, Hotel des Vosges, in the village).
The road from Dagsburg to (8V2 H.) iMtzaburg station (p. 320) yift
Bch&ferhof^ NeumlOU (near the pretty valley of the Zom) , and Sparsbrod^
is not recommended to pedestrians.
Fbom Daosbubo to Wanobnbdbo , a pleasant walk of 21/4 hrs. The
path, famished with gnide-posts, skirts the cliffs of Dagsburg (without
entering the village), and, after passing the forester*s house on the ridge,
reaches (1 hr.) the Schlei/t, a clearing in the woods, where paths cross each
other. Continuing in the same direction by the path indicated by guide-
posts, we descend into the Engen-Tal^ and then, ascending to the right,
reach Wangenburg (p. 381) in li/i hr. more.
323
43. From Strassbarg to B&le.
88 H. Railway in 3-5 hrs. (fares 11 UT AO, 7 UT 60, 4 UT 90 pf. ; express,
13 «# 10, 9 JiT ao, 6 «# 50 pf.)- For travellers in the other direction the
German custom-house examination takes place in Bale.
Strasshurgy see p. 304. The line to Kehl (p. 379) diverges to
the left before we cross the fortifications. To the right lies Konigs-
hoferhj where the capitulation of Strassbaxg was signed in a railway-
van in Sept., 1870. The line to MoUheim (p. 331) diverges to the
right beyond the fortifications. On the left the tower of the cathedral
long remains visible.
41/2 M. Orafenstaderhj with important machine-factories. Close
to the line, on the left, is Fort von der Tann. 6V2 M. Oeispols-
ham; 71/2 M. Fegersheim; 91/2 M. Limeraheim; I21/2 M. Erstem
(Lowe), a town with 5600 inhab. (steam-tramway to Strassburg;
omnibus to Ottenheim, p. 379).
The line now runs nearer the mountains. The Odilienberg
(p. 337), with its white convent, is long a conspicuous object. The
land is fertile and well-cultivated, tobacco being one of the principal
crops. The hill-slopes are covered with vineyards , the best wine
being produced at Bappoltsweiler, Tiirkheim, Thann, etc.
14 M. Mazenheim; 16 Vs M. Benfeld; 20 M. Kogenheim;
22 V2 M. Ebersheim. On a hill to the right of the entrance to the
Leber-Tal rise the old castles of Ortenberg andRamstein (see p. 336).
261/2 M. Schlettstadt. — Hotels. Adleb & Bock, in the town, very
fair) 60LDNXB Lamm, at the entrance to the town; Hanseb, near the
station, R. 2-2Vs Jf^ B. 60 pf., D. 2y2 Jf. — Omnibu* daily at 9 a.m. from
the station to the Hoh-Konigsburg (IV2 Jf), returning at 0 p.m. (there and
back 2ur; carr. 20 UV).
Schlettstadt (61Q {1.)^ a town with 9700 inhab., once a free city
of the German Empire, attained the height of its prosperity during
the 13-15th centuries. It was fortified by Yauban after its capture
by the French, but was taken by the Germans on 25th Oct., 1870.
The church of St, Fides, founded in 1094 by the Hohenstaufen, but
completed at a later period, an edifice in the Romanesque and Tran-
sitional styles, with a porch, is a memorial of the town's former im-
portance. So, likewise, U the cathedral of St, Oeorge^ one of the
finest specimens of Gothic architecture in Alsace, a cruciform church
with an octagonal tower, founded early in the 13th cent., and lately
restored. The choir was begun in 1415. Fine stained glass. At
the entrance of the choir are two carved stone pulpits, and below
it is a good crypt. — Railway to Marhirch and Weiler^ see p. 339 ;
to Zabem, see pp. 336, 336, and 331, 330.
Farther on, to the right, halfway up the hill, is the ruin of Kinz-
heim (p. 340). 301/2 M. St. Pilt; the village (Krone) is about II/2 M.
from the station (omn.), and is commanded by the ruins of the lofty
Boh'K^nigsburg (p. 341); farther on U the Tannohel (p. 342).
21 ♦
324 Route 43. COLMAR. From Strassburg
33 M. Sappoltiweiler (603 ft.)> 2V2 M. fiom the station (tram-
way), lies at the foot of the mountains. Above it rise three castles
(p. 342).
35 M. Ostheim; 36V2 M. Benntrder, to the right of which is the
opening of the Weisstal (Kaysersberg, see p. 345). To the right
is the Galz (p. 348), beside it Drei uEhren (p. 348), and behind are
the Kleine and Grosse Hohnack (p. 348),
4072 M. Ctolmar. — Hotels. *H6tsl Tssminus (PL a; A, 4), opposite
the station, R. 2Vr3V«, B. 1, D. (at 12.30) 21/2 J(- — Dedx Clefs (PL b 5
C, D, 3), at the corner of the Schlussel-Str. and Langen-Str., R. 2V2-8,
B. 1, D. incL wine 3 *#, with restaurant; H6tel Central (PL c; B, 3),
Rufacher-Str. 8, R. & B. 2V2, I>. incL wine lV2-2VaU^, with restaurant;
ScHWABZES Lamm (PL d; B, 3), in the Ri^p-Platz, R. 2-3V2, B. V4, D.
(at 12.15) 21/2 Jf ; Sonne, Rufacher-Str. 26, R. 1 Ulf 60 pf.-2, B. »/4. D. 2»/2 Jf, -
Wine at the Kopfhau* (PL 2; B, 3). — Beer at the Cafi turn if art/eld ^hea'AQ
the Fountain Monument, and the Luxhof^ near St. Martin's. — Pat^s de
foie gras at Sehaerr^Sy Pfaffengasse 14.
Electeic Tbamwat from the Station (PL A, 4) via the Marsfeld, Theater-
Platz (PL B, 2), Schlussel Sir., Vauban-Str., and Breisacher-Str., to the
Canal Harbour.
Colmar (643 ft.), a town with 41,682 inhab., is the capital of
Upper Alsace and the seat of the court of appeal for Alsace and
German Lorraine. It Is situated on the Lauchj a tributary of the
111, and the Logelbaeh (p. 344), which flow through the town, and
is about 2 M. from the mountains and IO72 M. from the Rhine,
nearly in a straight line with Freiburg in the Breisgau.
Colmar was declared a free town of the Empire by the Bmp. Fred-
erick II. in 1226, and became so powerful that in 1474 its inhabitants re-
fused admittance to Charles the Bold. In the Thirty Tears' War it was
occupied by the Swedes, and in 1673 by the French. — In the history of
Rhenish art Colmar is a place of some importance. Caspar Itenmann
(d. 1466), who flourished here after 1436, learned oil-painting in the school
of the Van Eycks and painted a large altar-piece for St. Martin's Church
(1462). His pupil Martin Schongauer^ the scion of an artist-family of Augs-
burg, was bom at Colmar about 1450 (d. 1491), and. after also visiting the
Netherlands, settled in his native town about 1470-75. He is considered
the greatest German artist of the I5th cent., but, as few of Ids paintings
have been preserred, he must be judged mainly by his engravings.
The road from the station leads direct to the pleasant grounds
in the Champ de Mars, or Marsfeld, with a Fountain Monument to
Admiral Bruat (born in Colmar in 1796, d. 1856), by Bartholdi
(p. 325). The large building to the S. is the Bezirks-Ptdsidium
(PI. A, B, 4), or office of the President of the District. On the W.
is the new Post Office. The Monument of General Rapp, another
native of Colmar (1771-1821), is also by Bartholdi.
In striking contrast to this quite modem part of the town is
the inner town, with its narrow, picturesque streets and numerous
handsome secular buildings of the 16th and 17th centuries (the
most important are marked in the plan). In the centre rises the
restored Church of St. MarUn (PI. 0, 3), a fine cruciform Gothic
building, with marks of French influence, begun In 1237. The choir,
with a narrow ambulatory and good stained glass of the 16th cent,
^iH^ft
[^'"
%i
«. .-''.■•'<s» .i^':"
^7 j^;^:-^ ^7 >f%:
J L ■ -^^ H ^. t'iU ^V I -^
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Mte Vftu »er , « A^«sEai£mmiji^ C «
to BdU. COLMAR. 43. Route. 325
datee from 1350. Tke flue carved leiedos at the kigh-altai is modern.
Of the two W. towers, that on the S. alone is partly completed. The
S. side-portal has interesting sculptures, which are, however, inferior
to the contemporary work at Strassburg Minster (iSth cent.). The
sacristy, to the right of the choir, contains a ^Madonna in an arbour
of roses' by Schongauer^ an excellent, though harsh work, the earliest
(1473) and best-authenticated production of the master (retouched).
The buildings of the old Dominican Nunnery of Vnterlindtn,
founded in 1232, famous in the history of the German Mysticism
of the 13th and 14th cent., and suppressed during the French Revo-
lution, were restored in 1849-58, and, together with the early
Gothic church, have been tastefully converted into a *Mu8eum
fPl. B, 2), which is of some importance to students of German art
(open 9-12 & 2-6 in summer, in winter 10-12 & 2-4, 1-2 pers.
50 pf., 3-4 pers. 1 UJT, 5 and more li/2 Jf^ free on Sun. and Thurs.;
ontr. on the W. side, opposite the theatre).
To the lert of the entrance is the Fleischhaobb &oom, containing antiqui-
ties from Colmar and other Alsatian towns, Roman, Celtic, Alemannian, and
Prankish antiquities, models of Alsatian huildings, and old furniture.
In front are the fine early-Gothic Cloistebs, which contain a collec-
tion of Roman-Gallic and medieeval stone monuments, including a number
of interesting Roman tomb-reliefs f^om Horburg, Kempel, etc., tombstones
from Colmar and neighbourhood, and medieeval wood-carvings. In the
centre is a fine Monument to Schongauer^ by Bartholdi (1860).
To the S. is the old Abbbt Ghuboh, containing a few modem paintings
and the *OoU«etion of Barly German FiotnrM.
To the left (N. side of the church). 171, 170, 167, 165. Painted wings
of the *^lsenheim Altar' (from the monastery of Isenheim near Gebweiler),
to which Nns. 163,164,166 and Kos. 190192 also belong. This was the
master-piece of MuttMat Gr&newald (d. after 1529), the chief Rhenish painter
at the beginning of the 16th cent., who worked mainly in Mayence and
AschafTenbuig. 171. Madonna with the Child (monastery .of Isenheim in
the background), on the back (17(0 Temptation of St. Anthony, St. Anthony
and St. Paul the Hermit; 031, Ascension and Annunciation, on the back
(165) Crucifixion. In the apse, 190-19?. Three painted and carved wooden
^Figures of SS. Anthony, Jerome, and Augustine. Below is another piece
of painted wood-carving, representing Christ and the Apostles (according
to the inscription by D«i, Bepehel, 1493), also from Isenheim. Below,
166. Entombment (easel-picture), above to the left and right 164, 163.
SS. Anthony and Sebastian, two other wings of the Isenheim altar. —
To the left: 161. Pieta, by an unknown master*, 157, 158. Wings of the so-
called ^Stauffenberg Altar' (Annunciation and Adoration); 112. Portrait of
Schongauer. — In the middle, Wooden panel of 1512 painted on both sides,
with sis. ICartin, Eucharius and Sebastian, Maurice, Martin and Ursula,
from Rappoltsweiler ; 182-135. Schongauer^ Altar-wings with the Madonna
and St. Anthony Abbas inside and the Annunciation outside; 179-182. Scenes
of martyrdom, on the back SS. Catherine and Laurence (painted at the
Monastery of Isenheim and dated 1505). -> On the N. side, 137-143. (kupar
Isenmannj Scenes from the Passion, almost burlesqued in their crude rea-
lism*, 115-190. Passion scenes by Jf. Schongauer and his assistants, among
others. Entry into Jerusalem, Christ on the Mount of Olives^ Christ at
Gethsemane, Bearing of the Cross, Entombment, all partly repainted. —
Rembrandt, Lady with dog (oa. 1665). -^ The Roman mosaic paivement is
from Berglielm,
A4joining the cloisters to the E. is a room with Plastbb Casts and
the Babtholdi Room. F. A. Bartholdi (1834-1904), well known for his
Statue of Liberty in New York Harbour, was a native of Colmar.
326 RouUdS.'—Mapyp.ddd. EGISHEIM. From Stranhurg
On the Ufpsb Floob of the monasteir are a Ifaiural HUlary (MleeHon^
an Ethnographical ColUUion, a Cdbinvt of Engrating*^ and the Library.
Railway from Golmar to MUntUr^ see p. 347 ; to FreHbitrg^ see pp. 889,
388. — Steam-tramways to Winzenheim (3 M. } p. 348), to SchnierUtch (p. 346),
and to Btrcutburg (p. 905).
Beyond Colmai we observe on the right the castle of Hohlands-
burg (see p. 348). — 43V2M. Egisheim. The viUage (1700 inhab.),
which is 1 M. from the station, contains a recently restored palace
('Pfalz'), that is said to date back to the 8tli cent, (the chapel,
dedicated to Pope Leo IX., is modern ; comp. p. 322). Above the
village stands the castle of JSohen- Egisheim or Dreien-Egisheim, with
its three towers, which have been for some time visible in the dis-
tance : the Dagsburg, of the 12th, and the Wahlenburg and Wekmund,
of the 11th cent., together known as the *-Drti-Exen\ The route
from the station to the castle is by the village of Hdusern, whence a
footpath ascends through wood. — The descent may be made to the
S. by the Augustine abbey of Marbach (now a farm and inn), founded
in 1094, of which part of the church-choir and a few Romanesque
columns of the cloisters are still extant.
441/2 M. Herlisheim, To the right rises the wooded Staufen
(2950 ft.). — 49 M. Knfach (670 ft. ; Bar^ very fair), the Rubeacum
of the Romans, a town of 2916 inhab., with an agricijiltural schooL
The *Church of St, Arbogast^ a cruciform vaulted basilica, with an
octagonal tower over the crossing, erected at the close of the 12th cent.,
partly In the Transition, and partly in the Gothic style, has lately
been restored. The choir dates from the beginning of the 14th
century. In the late-Gothic Franciscan Church is a collection of
tombstones of the 14th, 17th and 18th centuries. Close to the
town is a hill, which is crowned by the castle of Isenburg, a modern
erection on the foundations of one of the oldest castles in Alsace,
frequently occupied by the Merovingian-Frankish kings.
52 M. Merxheim. To the right, in the distance, are the Kahle
Waaen (p. 349) and, beyond it the Grosse Belchen (p. 363). —
56 V2 M. Bollweiler (7S4: ft.), the junction for Lautenbach (see p. 352).
The Baumann Arboricultural Schools here are the oldest and most
extensive in Alsace.
A narrow-gauge railway runs from Bollweiler, "vii Feldkirch and Unger9-
heim, to (V/t M.) Ensiaheim (Krone^ very fair), a small town with 2600 inhab.,
once the capital of the Austrian possessions in Alsace. It is interesting
for its many specimens of secular edifices of the i5th and 16th centuries,
chiefly in the Renaissance style, especially the imposing Bathaui, with its
handsome oriel, containing a meteoric 8tone,which fell here in 1492. The
Jesuit college is now a penitentiary. The railway continues N. to (ITVs M.)
Colmar (p. 324). — Steam-tramway to MUlhaustn (10 M. 5 p. 827).
The Thur is now crossed' — 59 M. Wittelsheim; 631/2^. Lutter-
baeh (junction for Thann and Masmfinster, p. 353). Here the train
leaves the mountains, turns to the E., and reaches (65 M.) Domach,
an industrial suburb of Miilhausen. The photographs of Braun,
Clement, A Co. of Dornach are well known in France and Germany.
^■>«f:
t<"i
^!Xi
>^^
\
to Bau. MtfLHAUSEN. 43, Route, 327
67 M. Mftlhausen. — The station (restaurant) lies on the S.E. side
of tbe town.
Hotels. ^Cbntbal Hotbl (PL E, 6, 6), with good restaurant, E. 2^2-6,
B. 1, d^j. 3, D. 2V2 Jt; H6tel National A Wagner (PI. E, 5), with
restaurant, R. 2-9, B. 1, D. 9, S. 2i/s Jf ; Hot. ds l'Eoropb (PI. e; E, 6),
R. 2-3U(, B.SOpf.
Oaf6, Moll^ Neuquartier-Platz (PI. E, 6). — "Wine. Landwerliny Rathaus-
Durchgang (PI. D, 6); Federmann^ Neuquartier-Platz (PI. E, 6). — Beer.
BUrgerbrcLu^ Modenheimer-Str. (PI. E, 5); Luxhof^ MUnehener Kindt, both
in Wildemannsgasse (PI. D, 5)*, SpatenbrUu, Golmarer-Str.
Caby 1 Jt wpf. per hour. — Electric Tramway through the town. —
8Uam Tramways to Ensisheim (10 M. ; p. 326), Pfastatt (3 M.), and Witten-
faeim (5 H.).
Post & Telegraph Office (PI. E, F, 6). near the station.
Braun't Photo ffraphs, Baseler Tor 18 (PI. E, 5, C).
English Church Service at 9 Rue de la Loi from October to June.
Chaplain from Freiburg (p. 382).
Miilhauaen (786 ft.), in the Sundgau^ once a free city of the
German Empire, and from 1515 to 1798 allied with the Swiss Confed-
eration, is now the most important manufacturing town in Alsace
(uotton goods, chemicals, paper, iron-ware, machinery, etc.). It is
the seat of government for the district, with a provincial tribunal
and 91,116 inhabitants.
Leaving the Railway Station (PI. E, F, 7) and proceeding a few
paces towards the right, we cross the Rhine-Rhone Canal and enter
the Ne-w Quabtbb of the town, with its large but unattractive houses,
many of which have wide, arched porticoes on the groundfloor. Here
on the right is situated the large building of the SociStS IndustrieUe
(PI. E, 6), an association formed in 1825 for the promotion of in-
dustrial and scientific interests of all kinds. It contains natural history
collections and a library. Adjacent, In the Nordstaden, is the Post
Office (PI. E, F, 6). The Museum (PI. F, 6), established hy the
Socitft^ IndustrieUe in 1882, contains an interesting collection of
Romano-Celtic antiquities, most of them found in Alsace, and a
collection of objects illustrative of local history. On the second floor
is a picture gallery, with a few good specimens of modern French
masters.
Proceeding straight on we enter the Baseler-Tor-Strasse, the
main street of the Old Town. A street, diverging to the left, leads
to the Rathaus-Platz, in which is the Rathaua (PL D, 6), erected
in 1552 after a Are and restored in 1846, a solitary witness of the
ancient importance of Miilhausen as a free imperial city. The whole
of the facade was painted by Christian Vaeksterffer of Oolmar. Op-
posite the Rathaus is the modern-Gothic Protestant Church (PI. D,
6, 6), with a very showy facade. — The Stephans-Kirche (PL D, 7;
14^15th cent.) contains remarkable stained-glass with representations
from the Old and New Testaments (restored in 1905). — The School
of Design (PL B, C, 6, 6) contains an Interesting and extensive
collection of patterns and designs for dress goods, chiefly produced
hy Mulhausen flrms.
The A&BBiTBKSTADT (PL A, B, 3, 4), or artizans' colony, to the
328 S<mU43, ALTKIRCH.
N.W. of the town, founded in 1863 tt the sn^eftion of iCayor
DoUf us (1800-87), was one of the earliest attempts to pioTide cheap
and good houses for the working classes. There are also large hath
and washing houses, an infant school, etc The ArheiteiBtadt, hew-
ever, is now largely occupied by small shopkeepers and the like.
Near the station (to the S.E.) rises the Rbbbbro, with pretty
villas and gardens belonging to Mdlhansen manufacturers, the town-
reservoir (view), and the Zoological Oarien (best reaehed by the
Brubacher-Str. or by the Reservoir-Str. and the Winierhilttenweg;
PI. E, F, 7, 8). Higher up is the Tannenwaldy which commands a
beautiful view.
From MOlhadsen to HfixXHEiM (in Baden), I3i/t M., rai^wa7 ^^
ca. 40min (fares 3 UT 30, 1 UT 60, 96 pf.). — 3 M. Ifapoleani'Insel, on the
Khine-Rhone Canal, with large paper-mills. Tbe train then traverses the
extensive HaHwdld. 7 M. QrHukHm. — 8Vt M. Banttnheim^ 2i/b M. to the S.
of which lies Ottmm^theim ^ with an interesting octagonal chapel, con.-
fiecrated in the middle of the ilth cent., and belonging to a suppressed
Benedictine abbey. It is bnilt on the model of the Garlovingian cathedral
at Aix-la-Ohapelle. — The Rhine is then crossed. 12 H. Netienburg. — 13>/t M.
MUUheitn^ see p. 389.
FsOH MuLHADSEN TO Belfoht, 31 M., railway in 1V4-2 hrs. (Cares A .J 20,
2ur80. lurSOpf.; express 4^160, 3^120, 2ur20pf.). The railway as-
cends the smiling valley of the IH. There were formerly abont 20 castles
in the district traversed by this line, which, with numerous villages, have
all be^i destroyed by the ravages of war. At many points traces of Boman
fortifications and roads are noticeable. — 4V« M. ZilUshjeim; 6 M. Itl/urf.
lOVs M. Altkireh (964 ft.; Oeber; Blume)^ picturesquely situated on the
slope of the hill, is the capital of the Sundgau in the narrower sense of
the name. Pop. 3493. A fine view is obtained from the vicinity of the
church. Small collection of antiquities In a medieeval tower. Pottery is
extensively manufactured here. — Almost the whole of the Sundgau
belonged to the Counts of Pflrt, whose castle, now in ruins, is in the Jura
Mts., above the litUe town (500 inhab.) of Pflrt, Fr. Ferette (1510 ft. i StcuU
NeiD For*, very fair), 16 M. to the 8. of Altkireh (branch-line in I1/2 hr.).
Pflit lies on the Swiss frontier, and is a good centre for excursions in the
Alsatian Jura, recently opened up by the ^Vosges Club\
16 M. Dammerkirchy Fr. Dannemarie (1010 ft.). The train then crossejs
an imposing viaduct with 36 arches , and reacties (21 M.) AU-MUnsterol,
Fr. IfontreuX'Vievx (1136 ft.), the German frontier -sUtion. 23 M. PetiU-
CroiXy the French frontier-station. — 31 M. Belfort or B4fort (H6tel dt VAn-
cienne Poite; H6tel Thann^ at the station), a town and fortress on the
Savoureusey built by Vauban under Louis XIV., and memorable for its long
siege by the Germans fW)m 3rd Kov., 1870, to 16th Feb., 1871. See Bme<i€kir^a
Northern France,
From Miilhausen to Weuerling and McumUmUry see p. 363.
7OV2 M. Rixhtim; 711/4 M. Habsheim ; TTVa M. Surmt% ; 79Vj M.
Bartenheim. Beyond (841/j M.) St. Ludwig (or St. Louis) the Uae
enters Switzerland.
From St. Ludwig to Lkopoldshohe (in Baden), 3»/4M.> railway in >/* bp.
(fares 70, 45, 30 pf.). — li/i M. HUningen (H6tel de Paris), fortified by
Vauban in 16T9 and dismantled by the Austrians in 1^6. About 3 M.
from the town lies the famous piseicultural establishment of Hiiningtn.
which since 1852 has been of great service in replenishing the waters of
Alsace with fish. A visit is most interesting in the breeding-season (Jan.-
April). — 8V4 M. Leopoldsktfhty see p. 390.
88 M. BdUy see p. 390.
329
44. The Central and Upper Vosges Mts.
The Yosges (Lat. Mons Vosegus, Ger. Vogesen, or more correctly
Wasigtn oi Wasgenwald) form the western boundary of the basin
of the Upper Rhine, and run parallel with the Black Forest, with
which they for the most part coincide in orographical and geo-
logical characteristics. They are generally divid.ed into the Upper,
Central, and Lower Yosges. The Uppbb or High Yosqbs Mts. are
separated from the Jura on the S. by the depression of Belfort (the
Troupe de Belfort), and on the N. extend to the Leber-Tal(p. 339).
The highest summits are the Orosse Belchen (4680 ft. ; p. 353),
the neighbouring Storkenkopf (4468 ft.), the Hohneck (4465 ft. ;
p. 350), the KUnzkopf (AS6S ft. -^ p. 349), the Rotenbachkopf
(4305 ft ; p. 351), and the Kahle Wasen or Kleine Belchen (4160 ft.;
p. 349). The Cbntbal Vosgbs Mts. stretch from the Leber-Tal to
the Zaberner Senke (p. 319), the highest points being the Bochfeld
(3605 ft.; p. 339), the Jlfwtei^Aia (3310 ft.), the Donon (3307 ft. ;
p. 334), the Climont (3170 ft. ; p. 338), and the Odilimberg (2470 ft. ;
p. 337), a spur running out towards the W. The Lo-Wbb or Nob-th-
B&N Vosgbs run northwards from the Zaberner Senke as far as the
Queich (p. 303) ; and they are sometimes considered to include the
Haardt Mts. and the Donnersberg, and thus to extend to the Nahe.
In contrast to the Schwarzwald (p. 390), the Vosges present
their steepest side, seamed with picturesque rayines, towards the
Rhine, on the E., while on the W. they gradually slope .down
towards the valleys of the Moselle and Saar and Anally merge im-
perceptibly into the plateau of Lorraine. Geologically they consist
t»f granite, slate, and older formations between the Belfort de-
pression and the Breusch-Tal, while the crests of the High Vosges
are granitic, rising in rounded summits displaying wide rocky ex-
panses. Tarns occur in the deep depressions of the main ridge
(p, 347). Throughout the entire N. region the granite is overlaid
by a massive layer of variegated sandstone, which determines the
long, coffin-shaped form of the heights. Seen from their narrower
Bide the summits often exhibit a pointed triangular appearance (e,g,
Hoh-K8nigsburg). Up to a height of about 3600 ft. these moun-
tains are covered with luxuriant forests of beech and pine. The
highest summits, on which only grass grows, afford excellent pastur-
age, and are extensively used for cattle-rearing and dairy-farming.
The abrnpt E side Is preceded by a narrow belt of sedimentary foot-
hills, which expands into a broader zone only at the Zaberner Senke.
The Vosges are poorer than the Schwarzwald in minerals and mineral
springs. In the valleys, iron-working, ore-smelting, weaving, and
other industries are actively prosecuted. The slopes towards Alsace
are covered with vineyards (comp. p. 323). The most beautiful
points in the Vosges are the following : the vicinity of ZaberUy the
Odilienberg, the Hoh-Kbnigsburg^ the castles ot Rappoltsweiler^ the
330 tiouU.44. WASSELNHEIM. The Central
Munster-Tal with the Sehlucht^ the SL Amarin'Tal^ and the IfcM-
munster^Tal.
Tke 'Vosgea Gliib% instituted in 1872 , hfta dono noeh to fceUitate a
tour among these mountains by the construction of paths, the, erection
of finger-posts, etc. A Main Boctb, traversing the entire range from K.
to 8. and passing all the finest points, is indicated by red rectangles. From
Schonau (p. 304) this leads vi& MederbrenHy Zabem^ Wcmffenburffy l>onon^
Bohwald, Barr, Kestenholt, RappoUtweiler, S^lucht^ Metzeral^ the Oroste
Bdchen^ St. Amarin and Masmunsterj to Setein. Side- Routes that join this
maia route are indicated by red rectangles with a white bar, while other
colours indicate Looal Rodtbs. — The Ohib is publishing a map of the
district on a scale of 1 : 50,000, of which 16 sheets have appeared j(2 Jf
each). The best detailed guidebook is C. MUndeVt *Handbuch ftk die
Vogesen' (6 •#)•
Good Inns are to be found at all the most frequented points ; arerage
charges: R. 1V2-2 UT, B. 80 pf., D. incl. wine 2-2V2, S. incl. wine lVf-2ujt.
I. Thb Gbntbal Yosqbb Mts.
Plan of Toub. The most interesting points in the C^tral Vosges
may be conveniently visited in five days by following the above-mentioned
*Hauptroute*, or ^Main Route\ — 1st Day : From Zabem rifi Hoh-Barr, Haber'
acker, and Jkt^tburg (comp. pp. 321, 322) to Wangenkwg^ IVr^/t hrs. —
2nd Day: Via the Schneeherg and the Nideck to UrmaUip. 332), 5-6V? brj?..--
in the afternoon ascent of the Hdhnenherg. — 3rd Day : ThUrgesMl^ JfuUtg-
felt, Donouy and Sehirmeck (pp. 834, 832), 8-9 hrs. — 4th Day: Struthof,
MUM/ad, Bochfad^ and Hohwald (p. 852), 6-7 hrs. — 6th Dayt Odilfmb^rg,
MSnnelstein^ the ruin of Land*b«rg^ and Barr (p. 337), d-7 brs. \ railway to
Schlettstadt.
a. Fram Zabem to Moliheim. — Wangenbnrg. Belmeeherg.
F^om Zabem to MoUheim^ 20 M., Railway in about 1 hr. (fares 1 .#70,
1 •# 10 pf.). — From Romansweiler to Wangenburg^ Omnibus thrice daily
in summer in iVs br. (1 «#).
Zabem, see p. 319. — ^72 ^' Ottersweiler, On the right rises
the Hoh-Ban (p. 321).
5 M. Manrsmanster, Fr. Marmoutier (Kroru, reiy fair; Zvoei
SchlusselJ , a small town with 1780 inhabitants. The Chwreh of
8t, MauTuSj which belonged to an ancient and once powerful Bene-
dictine abbey, now suppressed^ possesses a handsome lafte-Boman-
esque facade and a vanlted Testibnle (a faYonrite style in Alsace ;
comp. the church of St. Fides at Schlettstadt, and the church at
Gebweiler). — Tunnel.
81/2 M. Romansweiler, (Route to Wangenhurg, see p. 831.) -*
10 M. Papiermuhle, with large cement-works.
11 M. Wasseluheimy French Watselonne (^Bailvjay HoUl^ well
spoken of), a town with 3886 inhab., situated on the Mossiff, with
extensive stocking-factories. — I28/4M. Wangen; I38/4M. Marten-
heim, the traditionary home of the Nibelungen hero, Hagen von
Troneck.
Marleobeim is the junction of a Light Railwat fsox Stsassbosg
(13»/4 M. ^ departure from the Markt-Halle; PI. B, 2) which proceeds (3»/4 M.
in 17 mln.) vii Kirchheim to Westho/en (fine (Jothic chnrch of the 14th cent.).
14V4 M. Kirchheim; 151/2 M. Scharraehhergheim. — 171/4 M.
Sidzbad. — 18 M. Avolsheirrij a village with an interesting parish
iSPM
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Vosges. MOLSHEIM. 44. Route, 331
chiuroh of the 16th century. Ahout 3/4 M. to the S.£. is a Roman-
esque church of the 11th cent. (*Dom-Peter'), the nave of jyhich
has a flat roof.
20 M. Molaheim, the junction of the Strasshurg and Saales, and
of the Strassburg, Molsheim, and SchlettBtadt railways, see below
and p. 336.
From Romanswbileb to Wanobnbtjro, 7 M. (omnibus, see
p. 330). The road crosses the Mossig, and then ascends the wooded
and confined valley watered by that. stream. Pedestrians may save
about 2 M. by short-cuts.
From Zabem to Wangenburg^ 10 M., see pp. 321, 322.
Wangenburg (1485 ft. ; H6tel Wangenhurg, R. from 1 1/4, I>. with
wine 2'/2, pens. A Jf 60 pf. -5 Jf, very fair; Schneeherg^ pens.
4u8^), a small, scattered village, commanded by the ruins of the castle
of that name and beautifully situated among meadows surrounded
by pine-forest, is an unpretending but favourite summer-resort.
The route from "Wangenburg to (IY2 hr., red marks) the top of
the Schneeberg (3150 ft.) diverges to the left near the churchy passes
a new red house , and , by a solitary house on the margin of the
wood, ascends to tiie left (footpath ; flnger-post) to the rocky summit,
just below which a shelter-hut has been built. The top (mountain-
indicator) commands an extensive view over Alsace (to the E.),
the plain of Lorraine (to the W.), and the Yosges. The *Lottel-
fels', at the W. corner, is a 'rocking-stone' which may be set in
motion by stepping on it. Between the summit and the hut is a
finger-post showing the way to the Donon (red marks).
A good path (not to be mistaken) descends to the S. in 8/4 hr.
to the forester's house of Nideck (p. 334). Thence to Nideck CastU
(see p. 334), V4 ^^' ' on quitting the house, we turn to the right
along the carriage-road, from which a path diverges to the left in
7min., reaching the castle in 6 min. more. To Urmatt, see p. 333.
b. From Strassburg to Saales. — Breuschtal. Donon.
38»/? M. Eailwat in 2J/4-8Va !»". ; ^rea 4 U^ 95, 3 UT 30, 2 Jf,ibpt
Straisburg, see p. 304. — 3 M. Lingolsheim, with a large tannery;
4M. Hol%htim; QM.Enzheimi 8M. Duppighdm; 8V2 M. Dvitltn-
hdm; IOV2 Ji Dachstdn.
12 M. Molsheim (575 ft. ; Zwei Schliissel; Rail. Restaurant)^ a
small town with 3164 inhab. on the Breusc\ at the foot of the Vosges,
a fortified place in the middle ages. In the church (formerly the
property of the Jesuits) and the handsome meat-market (16th cent.)
here the forms of the Renaissance are combined with the articula-
tion of Gothic architecture. — Molsheim is the junction for the
Zabem and the Schlettstadt lines (see above and p. 335).
The Saales line ascends the pleasant green valley of the Breusch,
332 BouUdi.-'Map.p.SSO, GIBBAJDEN. The Centred
which is enclosed by wooded heights and rocks of red porphyry.
The stream descends from the Winberg or Climont.
13|M. Mutxig (615 ft.} FtUhwg; Zur Post), a small town of
3426 inhabitants. To the right, on the Moisheimer Beig, lA the
large Fort Emperor William II. — ISi/s M. OressweUer. — 17V2 M.
Heiligenberg is the most convenient starting-point for a visit to the
ruin of Girbaden (IV2 lir« ; finger-posts.)
From the railway-station a footpath leads to the W. and enters the
wood. 40 min. Finger-post pointing to the OrauicM<»g/*U. In 40 min.
more, latterly on the XJrmatt road, we reach the forester's house of Gir-
baden, whence the road (better. views Uian from ttie footpath) leads in
10 min. to the ruin.
SohlosB Girbaden (1865 ft.), one of the oldest and most extensive for-
tresses in Alsace, is said once to have possessed 14 gates and 14 court-
yards, and it still an imposing ruin. The inner castle dates from the 10th,
the imposing outer castle from the early part of the 18th century. In the
W. portion a haU, the handsome windows of which are bordered with
clustered pillars, is still traceable. Beside the square W. tower is the
Chapti of 8t. Valentin. Good view ttotn the E. wall of the rain.
On the S. slope of the ridge, 3>/4 M. £rom Girbaden, lie) Orendelbruch
(^Hdtel Weber y pens. 4 «#)« a tavuurite summer-resort. A pretty walk
through the wood leads hence to (IV4 hr.) Urmatt station; on the way
another path branches off to the Halmenberg (yiew-platform).
20 M. Urmatt (765 ft.; Po$t^ in the village, very fair) Is the
starting-point for a visit to Nideck Ca$Ue, and for the ascent of the
Donon (see p. 334). — AboYO this point French is the language of
the valley. The onrious mixed patois of French, German, and Geltie,
now rapidly disappearing, is of interest to philologists (grammar hy
Oberlin).
From Urmatt via the Hahnenberg to Grendelbruch, see above.
221/2 M. Lut%elhau8en (833 ft. ; Zwei Schlussel), a large village,
whence a pleasant excursion may be made via the Orande C6U (in
German Langenberg\ between the Mntzigfels and Narionfels, to
the AlberschweiUr-Tal (p. 320; 8 hrs.). — 23V2 M. Wisch (Donon
Inn). — 24 M. Busa-Hersbach,
26 V2 M. Bchirmeck-Vorbruck (1030 ft.; H6t. Vogt, R. IV272,
D. incl. wine 2V2 -^j li* Vorbruck, opposite the station, very fair;
Hot. Donon^ in Sohirmeck, ^4 ^- ^'om the station, very fair), two
busy little places, separated by the Breusch. Vorbruek,Vt. LabroquCj
with the rail, station and 1600 inhab., is on the left bank, at the
mouth of the Framont (p. 334); iSfe/^VmecA; (1700 inhab.) lies on
the right bank and is commanded by the (1/4 hr.) SoUossbefg^ on
which are a ruined castle of the Bishops of Strassburg and a modern
statue of the Virgin (view).
Fbou Sohibmeok to Hohwald, 41/3-5 hrs. We ascend, following the
red marks, to the (t»/« hr.) Btruthof (2330 ft.; good rustic ina). Farther
on we follow . cart-road and after 1/2 hr. ascend by a footpath to the
right to (^ min.) the MUngfeld (3380 ft). At (25 min.) the cross-roads we
may either follow the red marks (straight on) to the Ratheamkautm-Stein
and (U/a hr.) Hochfeld (p. 339), or the red and white marks Oeft) to the
solitary inn of (>/s hr.) RdOach (p. 339), then via the Ntuntentteim (p. 339}
to (U/4 hr.) Hohwald (p. 339). — From the Keuntenstein we may proceed
to (20 min.) the forester's house of WeUcMrveh (p. 338), whence a new road
leads to (41/2 M.) the Odilien Convent (p. 337). To Barr, see p. 338.
Voages. HASLACH. Map.p, 330.^ 44. Route. 333
28 M. Bothaa (1106 ft.; Ztr«/5cWwa«e^ very fair), a busy village,
with 1600 inhabitants. Tbe ruined castle of Balmy 4^2 M. to the
W., was the seat of the Princes of Salm, to whom the whole district
belonged. About V2 ^* ^^^ ^^® castle is the hamlet of Salm,
The view-tower on the Katzenstein, or Chatte PenduCy 2 M. farther
on, affords a good view of the Hochfeld, the valley of the Brensch,
and the valley of the Rhine.
From Bothau to Hobwaxd, Xyt-bhra. A pleasant path leads, via (3 M.)
NaUsweiler and past the Cascade de Sena and the farm of Morel (rfmts.), to
the (Shrs.) Hochfeld (p. 339). Descent to Hohwald (p. 339), lV2hp.
31 M. Tlrbach, French Fouday (Postjy at the union of the Cher-
goutte with the Breusch.
ITrbach belongs, like Bothan and five other villages, to the ancient
lordship of Bteinthal^ Fr. Ban de la Roche, which has been a desolate
and sparsely- peopled district since the time of the Thirty Years* War.
The places named owe their prosperity and comparative popnlonsness to
the praiseworthy philanthropic exertions of Johann Friedrich Oberlin (b. at
Strassbnrg 1740, d. 1826), who is buried in the churchyard of (Jrbach.
The Hochfeld may be reached from TJrbach in about 3 hrs., vi&
Waldersbaehy where Oberlin was a Protestant pastor, and the foreater's
house Sehirrgut (rfmts.).
321/2 M. St Blaise-Poutay; 34 M. Saulxures (1476ft.); 861/2 M.
Bourg-Bruehe (1627 ft.).
38 M. Saales (1830 ft. j Udi, de VEurope; H6t. du Commerce),
the terminus of the railway, lies close to the frontier. — A pleasant
walk may be taken hence to Weiler (p. 340), vii Voyemont, the
ClimorU (3170 ft. ; view-towei), and the ruin of Bilatein ; or from
the farms of Olimont we may follow the frontier to the St. Viedeler
Bohe and thence descend by road to MarkircJi (p. 340).
Haslaoh Vallby. Nieder-Haalaoh is fully 1 1/2 M. by road from
the station of Urmatt (p. 332). Pedestrians who have already visited
the church of Nieder-Haslach should take the footpath (red marks)
diverging to the right a few paces to the W. of the station at Urmatt,
which leads through meadows and wood and joins the undermen-
tioned road in i^j^ hr., shortly before the mouth of the valley of
the Nideck.
Kieder-Ha8lach(730ft.; Bdcominete, R. 172-^ .^, very fair;
Ooldener Apfel; Krone), formerly the seat of a convent. The large
6k>thiG church of St. Florian possesses beautiful old stained-glass
windows, and fine Gothic sculptures on the W. portal. The body of
the church and the tower date from the 14th cent. ; the choir was
begun in 1274 and rebuilt in 1290 after its destruction by fire.
A side-chapel to the right contains the tombstone of a son of Melstei
Erwin (Tilii Erwini magistri'; d. 1330).
The road continues to ascend the Hasel, and at the end of
(11/4 M.) Ober-Haslach (beer at Fnchslock's) it divides. We follow
the branch to the right, leading through a beautiful and gradually
contracting dale to the (21/2 M.) fifth saw-mill from Ober-Baslacht
334 BouU44,--Mapyp.330. DONON. The Central
A few paces on this side of it a broad footpath ascends to the right
into the beautiful pine-clad * Valley of the Nideek^ enclosed by rocks
of porphyry, which vies with the finest scenery of the Black Forest*
At the (1 M.) upper end of the valley the Nideck forms a waterfall,
80 ft. in height. High above it stands the square tower of the
(25 min.) Castle of Hideek (13-14th cent.), called by an old tradi-
tion the ^plaything of the giants', to which a zigzag path ascends to
the right, crossing the brook to the left above the waterfall. The
tower (85 steps) commands a fine view of the valley. The relief of
Chamisso over the entrance refers to his ballad dealing with the
legend of the castle. From this point to the forester's house of
Nideck (Inn, very fair), 15-20 min., see p. 331.
From the forester's house the Sehneeberg (p. 331) is ascended in IV4 hr.
A few paces to the right we enter a narrow cart-road. (finger-post), which
presently degenerates into a footpath. In about '/« hr. we emerge from
the wood and reach the hill, 20 min. below the summit. — Another path
(numerous finger-posts), avoiding the Sehneeberg, leads direct to Wangen-
burg (p. 331) in 2 hrs. In good weather, the route over the Sehneeberg
is preferable (p. 331).
The Donan, the most frequented summit in the Central Yosges,
commanding an extensive prospect, may be ascended from Nideck
in 4V2t from Urmatt vil the Mutzigfels in 61/2- 7, or from
Schirmeck in 2*/2-3 hrs.
Fbou "Nidkck to thb Donon (4V2 hrs.), a fine forest-excursion (finger-
posts). About 100 yds. to the W. of the forester's house we diverge from
the road to the right (finger-post); 20 min., fork, where the Sehneeberg
route dive^fes to the rig^t (see above) ; 20 min., another path to the Schnee*
berg; 10 min., saddle; 20 min., the Urstein (3106 ft. ; fine view). In 25 min.
more we join the road and follow it to the left; at the OA hr.) fork we
proceed to the left, on the E. slope of the Oroumann (3235 ft.), to
(40 min.) the flat saddle of the AUmatt. A little farther on, past the Noll
(see below), we descend a littU to the left, where we join the path from
the Mutzigfels, eiy oying a view of the Maut du Nation (2416 ft). IV4 hr. Fork
(left to Schirmeck, right to the Donon). In V« li'- more we reach the road
between the Donon and Alberschweiler (p. 335). Here we follow the old
road to the left to (20 min.) the saddle between the Great and the Little
Donon, 1/2 hr. from the summit (see p. 335).
From Ubuatt to thb Donon. From the station we proceed through the
village and along the road to the (1V« M.) Eimerbach-Tal<, which we ascend
on the left bank of the stream, through wood (red marks), to Kappelbroim
(13/4-2 hrs. from the station). An easy path ascends hence to the (V4 hr.) ThOr^
getteUy a curiously shaped rock on the saddle below the Katzenberg ^2953 ft.),
whence the commanding Mutzigfels (3310 ft.) is reached in 85-40 mm. more.
We descend to the Haut du Narion. and thence either take the shadeless path
(fine views), via the Narion/ai (3278 ft.) and the top of the NoU (3250 ft.), or
skirt these two heights to the S. through the wood to (fully V2 l^r«) tJ^e W. side
of the Noll, where we again strike the road from 17ideck described above.
Fboh Sghibmeok to the Donok, 2V2-3 hrs. (several routes). — A finger-
§ost near the station shows the shortest way (blue marks). We cross the
ramont and (5 min. ; 1.) the railway, and then ascend through pasture-land
and a wood to the Kohlberg road, following which we arrive at the saddle
between the Grosse and Rleine Donon (p. 330).
The carriage-road from Schirmeck ascends the valley of the FromoiU
(omnibus to Grandfontaine, 40 pf.). At a quarry, just beyond the first
kilomfetre-stone, a good path (red marks) diverges to the right, leading
to the Hot. Velleda (p. feS); and farther on (IVa M. fhnn Schirmeck),
Voiges. ROSHEIM. Map,p.330. —44. Route. 335
immediately beyond the church of Wackenbach^ another route (red and white
marks) diverges, leading straight to the saddle proper. The latter is the
best route of all. — The carriage-road (no shade), with a tramway for
the transport of timber, continnes to ascend the left bink of stream. At
a (SVi M.) custom-house we cross the bridge, to Orand/onkdne. and we ascend
thence, passing the church, to (>/4 hr.) the Platform of the Donon (2425 ft. ;
Hdt. Velleda, B. 2 U^ 40 pf. - 3, B. 1, D. at noon 21/2, pens, from 6 Jl,
very fair; telephone to Schirmeck), oVa M. from Schirmeck. The road
describes a wide bend and crosses the stream higher up. Beyond the
Hdtel Velleda it divides: the left branch enters France, the right branch
skirts the W. slope of the Donon and follows the valley of the Rote Saar
to Alberschweiler (p. 820). The top is reached in 3/4 hr. bv a footpath,
diverging to the right from the Alberschweiler road, about 250 yds. beyond
the H6t. Velleda.
The 'Donon (3310 ft.) affords an extensive survey of the surrounding
mountains, of Alsace towards the W., and of the hills and plain of Lorraine
on the E. In clear weather the Bernese Alps can be distinguished to the S.
On the summit is the *llu8^e% a small sandstone Uemple% built in 1869
and containing some Roman architectural fragments discovered in the
neighbourhood. About 30 yds. below the summit, amid the rocks on
the side next k^e Kleine Donon, there is a .refuge-hut whence we may
descend on the N.E. to the saddle (2625 ft.) between the Great and the
Lmi4 Donon (3160 ft.), see p. 834.
c. I^om Malsheim ta Schlettitadt. Odilienberg. Hakwald.
21 M. Railway in I'/^hr. ; through-carriages from Strassburg.
Mohheim is the junction for railways to Zabein(p. 380), Saales
(for Strassburg; p. 331), and Schlett8tadt(p. 323). — IV4M. Dorlis-
heim^ with a Romanesqne chnrch. In the distance, farther on,
is Girbaden (p. 332).
2V2 M. Sosheim {P fluffy plain but good), a small town with 3160
inhab., once a free city of the empire, has several times suffered
destruction, but the mediaeval fortifications are in good preserva-
tion, and the ancient tower-gates are still standing. The Roman-
esque Church of SS. Peter and Paul was consecrated in 1049; the
present edifice dates from the 12th cent., and has been added to in
Gothic times. Several of the old houses are very picturesque. —
For the branch-line to 8t, Nabor and the path to the Odilienberg
see p. 336.
31/2 M. Bischofsheim, In the distance are the castles of Ottrott
(p. 337), farther on the Odilienberg (p. 337) and the Mannelstein
(p. 337).
5*72 M. Ober-Ebnlieim, French Obemai (Wach^ Vormwald,
R. 2-3 «4f , both at the station ; Du&«, formerly Wagner, R. 1 «4f
60 pf.-2 Jf; wine at the Batskeller), with 3930 inhab. and several
manufactories, is encompassed by walls. It was raised to the dignity
of a free imperial town by Emp. Frederick II. The Town Hall of
1523, restored in 1849, contains an Interesting old council-chamber;
in front of it is a draw-well. There is an old Com- Hall and several
other picturesque houses. The Gothic Church is modern. — From
Ober-Ehnheim to the Odilienberg, see p. 386.
77« M.. Ooxweiler produces a good variety of white wine (*Klev-
ner*) ; the station affords a fine view of the mountains, with their
336 Route 44,^ Map, p. 330, DAMBACH. The Central
numeious mined castleB. Pleasant walk throiigh the ^HeiUgensteiner
An' to Helligensteln (p. 337). — 9Y4M. OertweiUr; to the right
the Tuin of Landsherg (p. 337), opposite Schless Andlau (p. 3S^).
10 M. Barr (660 ft. ; Botes Haw, in the town, P. 21/2 uT, very
fair; Ooldner Apfel, near the rail, station; BuU Hydropathic, to
the W. of the town, pens. 3 »# 60 pf. * 4 »#, also leceiTes passing
visitors; Rail, Restaurant), a busy little town of 6024 inhab.,
with extensive tanneries, is prettily situated at the mouth of the
Kimeek'TaL The town HaU was built in 1640.
12 M. EuMofen, station for Andlan (2M.; p. 338) and Stotz-
heim, 2V2 M. to the W. Then (13 M.) Epfig, with 2400 inhab. ;
at the E. end is the early-Romanesqne Margareten-Kapelle. To
the right, in the background, rises the Ungersher^ (p. 339).
16 M. Dambach (K!rone, very fair), a small town of 2474 inhab, ,
with the remains of old fortiflcationa and several late-Gothic houses.
The Chapel ofSt. Sebastian to the W., with its Romanesque tower and
Gothic choir, contains a richly-carved wooden altar. Passing tbe
chapel, we reach in 40 min. the extensive ruins of the castle of
Bernstein , whence we may proceed (red marks) by the castle of
Orteriberg, with its bold pentagonal tower of the 13th eent., and
that of Ramstein (the two locally known as the 'Scherweiler
Schlosser'), to Weilerthal station (p. 340).
18^2 M. Scherweiler, where the insurgent peasants wesre defeated
in the Peasants* War of 1525. In the background, to the right, the
Altenherg (2885 ft.) and the ruined Frankenburp (p. 840). —
21 M. Schlettstadt, see p. 323.
AsoBNT OF THE Oi>iLiBNBEBO. — A branoh - railway sans &oin
Rosheim (p. 335) vi& (3^/2 M.) Bdrseh and (5i/2 M.) Ottrott (see
below) to (71/2 M., in 3/4 hr.) 8t. Nabor (Stern), the best starting-
point.
The road ascends to the rigrht about i/s ^' from Ohtfr^Ottroti before
reaching the N. entrance to St. Nabor. A finger-post indicatjQS the foot-
path (blue marks) to the left, leading along the W. slope nf the Dachs-
hachrTdlehen, to the (1 hr.) OdiUMhrwmm, welling np in a grotto close to
the new road, the water of which hat been naed by thousands of devotees
as a cure for diseases of the eye. Thence to the convent in I1/4 hr. —
Another route leads straight on, instead of following the blue-marked
path ; after crossing the Dachsbach we take the path to the left at the
first bend, to the Hdtel St. Jakob (p. 837; 1 hr.). — The convent may
also be reached (in l^/a br.) from the St. Nabor station across tbe quarry
railway to the direct road from Ober- Ottrott (see below).
Fkom Obek-Ehnheim (p. 336*, carriage there und back 10-12 Jf) tbe
road leads to the W. by ('2V2 M.) Nieder-OUr&U^ and then winds round the
eminence (1640 ft.) which is crowned by the ruins of IdUtelhurg and Baihr
samhatuen. Beyond KlingentJuU (Schwan) we ascend to the.S., through the
valleys of the Ehnbach and Vorbach, to OVa M.) the convent. — Walkers
wiU also do well to shorten the shadeless and hilly road to (3i/i VL,)JH$d0^
Ottrott (786 ft. •, Schwan-, Gruner Baum) by the use of omnibus (four tioMe
daily; 40 pf.) or carriage (seat V2-I •^)- This viUage lies at the f6ot of a
hill on which grows good red wine. At the end of Oher-OUroU » finger-
post (r.) Indicates the way to the (2V4 hrs.) top of the OilUienbcaegTift the
Vosges. ODILIENBERG. Map, p. d^O:-— 44. Route, 337
'Oktrott Castles' and the EUhtrff (fine view), a clianning walk tbrough
woods. The direct route (IV2 ^' > white marks) ascends through wood,
passes (1 hr.) above an old Boman causeway, skirts the meadow below the
convent, and again traverses wood.
FaoM Babr (p. 336) to thk Odiliembesg (21/2 hrs.) the route is more
Sicturesque than from Ober-Ehn >eim. — The road leads from the station
irect to the N., vi& (1 M.) HeUigefuUin (Stem, opposite the Rathaus ; Reb-
stock ; good ^Klevner' at both), Vs M. beyond which a finger-post indicates
the way (left) to (V4 M.) Truttenhausen and (3»/4 M ) 8te. Odile. The sup-
pressed Augustine abbey of TntUtaJuuuen (1230 ft.) was founded in 1181 ;
ii is now, along with the ruins of the Gothic abbey-church, dating £rom
1A90, private property. — To the S.W., situated on the slope of the Bhssj
of which the Mannelstein is the highest point, we observe the ruins of the
castle of Landiberff (1915 ft. ; key and rf mta. at the forester's), erected in
the ISth century. — A few hundred paces beyond Truttenhausen, at the
beginning of the wood, is a finger-post, pointing in a straight direction to
8te. Odile, and to the left to Landsberg. About IV2 M. farther on, in a
clearing in the wood, which affords a view of the convent above, is the
large B6ta St. Jakob (opened in 19u8, very fair, fine view ; telephone). To
the right a path leads to the IJ.W. to MedermUntter O/4 hr.), with the ruins
of a church consecrated in 1180. To the left of the hotel a finger-post in-
dicates the way to the Odilienbrunnen (p. 336) and the (*/4 hr.) convent.
Another route from Barr leads past the Protestant church and thropgh
the 'Anlagen' (pleasure-grounds) on the Eirchberg to the forester's house of
Mifnkalbf thence to (1 hr.) the ruin 'of Landsberg (see above), whence we
may either proceed to the JfSnneliteiny or go direct to the convent.
The *Odilienberg forms a plateau-like ridge about 6 M. in circuiu'*
ference, surrounded by the Heidenmauer y a prehistoric fortified
wall, parts of which are still 6-10 ft. high and 61/2 ft. thick; it is
supposed to be one of the Gaulish places of refuge (like Alesia,
Bibracte, etc.) mentioned by Ossar. The sandstone blocks of which
the Heidenmauer is built are merely rough • dressed , not hewn,
and were secured by oak braces in the form of a double doYOtail.
On the N.E. spur (2500 ft.) of the central saddle stands a Nunnery,
founded by Ste. Odile in the 7th century. The abbey-church, which
is much frequented by pilgrims, and has even been visited by
emperors and popes, contains the tomb of the foundress. Tradition
relates that Odile, the daughter of Eticho, Duke of Alsace (7th cent),
was bom blind, but gained her sight on being baptised, and after-
wards spent a long life here in all the odour of sanctity. The con-
vent-door is closed at 9.30 p.m. Superb view from the convent-
garden. In the inner court (ring) Is an Jnn (R. 1-3, B. 1, D.
(12.30 p.m.) 2% pension 4-7 Jf).
The highest point of the ridge is the M&nneliteiii (2664 ft.),
which rlseffto the S.E., and may be teeended Arom the nunnery in
40 ndn. (finger-posts), the last part of the route passing extensive
remains of the Heidenmaaer (see above). In dear weather the
MEnnelstein commands a view embracing ahnost the whole of Alsace,
the Breisgau as far as the Black Forest, the Yosges (to the S. the
Kirneck-Tal, the Andlauer Schloss, and the Spesburg), the Bhine,
and, towards the S., the Alps. — At the N. extremity of the
Odilienberg lies the ruin of Watdsherg, or HageUchloaSy which may
be reached In d/4 hr. (the ruin itself is difficult of access). To the
Basdkkba's Rhine. 16th Edit. 22
338 BouU U, — Map, p. 3B0. HOHWALD. The Cmir<a
W. is the rain of Dreisteinf bulled in wood, consisting of three
castles of the 13th cent., situated on two crags.
From the Odilienbei^ we reach (SVs hrs.) Hohwald hj proceeding for
8 min. in a straight line from the nunnery-gate and then turning to the
left, along a new road, passing (IVa hr.) the forester^s honse of Wel»ch-
hrveh (see below). On the way a path turns off to the right, leading to the
ruin of BirkmfeU^ and subsequently rejoining the road.
F&oic Bab& to Hohwald, diligence in summer twice daily in
13/4-2 hrs. , (fare 1 UT 60 pf. ; carr. for 1-2 peis. 61/2, for 3 pers. 8,
carr. & pair 13 JH).
The GABRiAas Road from Barr to Hohwald (8^/4 M.) leads by
MitttVbergheim to Andlan {Oehstn, B. 0/2-2 Ji\ a small town with
1700 inhab., prettily situated at the entrance to the Andlau-Tal,
with seyeral old timbered houses, and a Romanesque Ahhe^ Ckurch
of the 12th cent., with Gothic additions , altered in 1701 , and
judiciously restored in 1866. The crypt (11th cent.) is borne by
columns. The facade is ornamented with rude, fantastic reliefs,
and the choir-stalls are very handsome. — The road then ascends
the valley of the Andlau^ through beautiful woods, passing the ruins
of Andlau (1480 ft.) and Sptaburg (1560 ft.) on the right, and num-
erous saw-mills.
Pbdbst&ians (3^2 hrs.) should walk through the straggling town
of Barr, about 1^4 M. in length, and ascend the road on the left
bank of the Kirneck as far as the (2 M.) ^Eolzplatz\ and then pro-
ceed by a good foo^ath, frequently crossing ihe railway (p. 386),
to (1^4 lirO the forester's house of Welschbruch. — As an alter-
native route we may turn to the left at the W. end of Barr (1^/2 M.
from the station), cross the bridge, and pass to the N. of, and below,
the ruins of Andlau and Spesburg. Beyond the (1^4 hr.) forester's
house of Hungerplatz (1790 ft. ; rfmts.) we follow a cart-track to
(3/4 hr.) the forester's house of Welschbruch (2540 ft.; rfmts,), where
several paths cross (comp. above). — From Welschbruch the new
road to the Hohwald takes 3/4 hr. ; we may also go via the Neunten-
stein (see below; white, then red and white marks) in IY2 ^^'
Hohwald (2000 ft.; BdUl fitmtjs, very fair, with electric light and
baths, B. 2-3, B. 1, D. 21/2, S. 13/4, pens. 6i/2-7i/2Uf ,• Stauffer, plain,
but also very fair) is a straggling village with 700 inhabitants. Its
healthy and at the same time fthelteced and picturesque situation
has made it one of the most freqn^e&ted smnmet^f-resorts ia the
Yosges. The Roman CathoHo Chureh stands ob a height to th« £.
of the Hdtel Kuntz ; the Protestant Chun^ lies farther up the valley.
The wooded ^Envibonb of Hohwai.d afford many pleasant exoursions,
which are greatly facilitated by numerous way-posts.. To the Waterfall
(30-40 min.) and the Cfroue Tanne (1 hr.). We ascend to the right from
the road up the valley, near the old Pwrt. church. — Fromltiie Gvosse
Tanne ('Great Fir' ; ca. 2790 ft.) we mav proceed to the K., by the new road,
to the C*Alir.) Raihsdmhauten Stein Qi4Mi ft.), affording a view of the Donon
and the upper valley of the Breusch. Hence we may return by the foreflter's
house of Melkerei, and past the KirckbOhl Fds (l-iV* hr.). We mtcf also
Voigea, KESTENHOLZ. Map,p,S30.'--U.RouU, 339
follow the ridge to the E. firom the Bathsamhaasen Stein to the (35 min.)
RoUach /n» (3136 ft; comp. p. 832) and (s/4 hr. more) the Nenntenstein. —
To the Neuntenstein (3180 ft. j 1 hr., back in V4 hr.), a fine point of view,
a good path ascends from the garden of the Hdtel Euntz. — To the Sch6ne
Leite (or *Grosse Bellevue'; 1 hr.) : we tnm to the right at (5 min.) the first
saw-mill below the hotel, cross the bridge, and skirt the wood for about
10 min., until we reach the beginning (on the left) of a narrow, partly
grass-grown road, which afterwards widens and winds gradually round the
mountain, chiefly through wood, and keeping at nearly the same ele-
vation. At the exit from the wood we obtain a fine view of the valley
of the Breitenbach, and 5 min. farther on of the Weiler-Tal. Thence to
the (IV4 hr.) Vngenherg ^985 ft.), with view-tower. — The TannentteiUy
or Pelage (8116 ft.), another favourite point, is reached by a shady new
footpath, which intersects the Hohwald and Breitenbach road at the
forester's house of Ermtvoeg (rfmts.).
The Hochfeld, French Ghamp-du-Feu (3605 ft.), is ascended from Hoh-
wald in 2 hrs. The route (red marks) leads to the W. from the Grosse
Tanne (p. 838). At the top is the ^Hohenlohe Tower', 65 tt. high. In
retnming we may follow the footpath (blue marks) towards the £. vi&
Kalberhiltte, Tannenstein, and Ereusweg (see above) : 2 hrs. — Ascent of
the Hochfeld from ScMrmeck and from Rothau, see pp. 332, 333.
Fbom Hohwald to Wbtlbe, 2^/4 hrs. (carr. 10, with two horses
16 Jf), We follow the above-described route to the ^cAone Leite^
and then descend to (li/4 hr.) the rail, station of Weiler (p. 340)
by the so-called Eselsweg ('donkey-road'), which traverses the ridge
dividing the valleys of Breitenbach on the right and Erlenbach on
the left (fine views, but shadeless).
II. Thb Uppbe oe High Yosobs Mts.
Plah of Tocb. The ^Main Route' (^Haupt-Bonte') of the Vosges Olub
(comp. p. ^0) take* six days. — 1st Day : By railway to Kestenholz (see
below), ascend the Hoh-Kdnigaburffy and proceed vi& Tannenkireh to RappoHx-
weiUr (p. 342), 51/2-6 hrs. — 2nd Day : Via Altweier to the Brizouard (p. 841),
descending thence viH DiedoUhausen to the Wei»ee See (p. 347), 9-10 hrs.
-^ 3rd Day: Along the cre^t of the mountain, past the Sehlucht^ to
the Ifokneek (p. 350), and down to Metzeral (p. 351), 7»^-8i/2 hrs. —
4th Day : Via the forester's house of Herrenberg to the top of thu ridge
again, and on to the Oroeee Belchen (p. 363), 7-8 hrs. — 5th Day : Descent
to St. Atnafin and by the Belacker dairy and the Rostberg to Matmilnster
(p|^. 354, 355), 7-8 hrs. — 6th Day: By raUway to Oberbntck (p.35tj), walk
via Horben and Rimbach to the Stem-See and thence to the Wehche Belehen
(p. 356), descending again to Sewen (p. 356), 7V2-8V2 hrs.
a. From Behlettatadt to Markireh. Hoh-Kdnigsburg. Bappolts-
weiler.
131/2 M. Railway in 1 hr. •, fares 1 •# 80, 1 UT 20, 76 pf.
Schlettstadt, see p. 323. — The line ascends the Leher^Tal^ a
picturesque, Industrial valley enclosed by wooded hills. On the N.
rise the ScherweUer Schloaser (p. 336 j reached from Weilertal).
3 M. Kestenholi, French Chdtenois (630 ft. ; Weisses Lamm^
at the station; Adltt^ in the village, well spoken of, good wine;
*Kur'H6tel Badbronfit with 80 rooms, very comfortably fitted up,
R. 11/2-8, D. 21/2, board 4 Jf\ a place with 2580 inhab., situated
at the beginning of the narrower part of the valley. A pleasant
walk may be tak«n through the park, and then to the left from the
22*
340 Route 44, — Ma/p, p,330, MARRIBGH. The Vppef
route to the Hoh-Konlgsbnrg (p. 341), to the (1 hr.) top of the
Hahnenberg (1740 ft.).
A road leads to the S. from Kestenhols to (1 H.) Kinsheim, an ancient
village, commanded by a castle of the same name, a ruin since the Thirty
Years^ War. The Hoh-Konigsburg may be ascended hence in VJ% hr.
33/4 M. WcUerihal (660 ft), French Val-de-VUli, a small group
of houses, lies at the entrance of the valley of its own name. Above
it to the right, on the hill where the two valleys unite, rises the
ruin of Frankenburg (ll-12th cent.), with its massive round tower.
On the slope are remains of a prehistoric ring-wall. — A branch-
railway ascends, in 35 min., through the Weiler-Tal, passing^
Oereuth, ThannweiUr.^wiih a 16th cent, chateau, restored in the
18th), St. Moritz, and Triemhach, to (51/2 M.) Weiler (820 ft ; Stadt
Nanug^ Posty both very fair), the chief place in the valley, with
1000 inhtb. and two churches (to Hohwald: either by the Breiten-
bach road or vi& the SchSne Leite, see p. 339).
The line continues to follow the Leber-Tal. — 51/2 M. Wanzel
(720 ft. ; Danielsrain, very fair), whence a footpath ascends to the
Hoh - Konigsburg (p. 341). — 82/4 M. Leberau , French Lihpvre
(890 ft. J La Fleur), opposite the entrance to the Rumbach-Talf a
beautiful valley, in which the principal place is Deutseh-Rumbaeh^
with a French - speaking population. — 11 M 8U Kreutf French
Ste. Croix-auX' Mines.
131/2 M* Markiroh. — Hotels. Gband HdxEL, Lange-Str. 86, «/« u.
from the rail, station, commercial, very fair, B. 2-dV2» B. V^i 1>* 2>/4, umn.
i/s UV-, HdTEL Genkkax Rlebeb; H5tkl KIosl, R.iJf 60-2 UV SOpf , B. 60 pf.
— Beer at Sehubtrt't^ near the station, and the Tcmme AUacimn^^ by the
Grand HdteL — Diligence to Wissembach and (15 M.) St. Di^, twice daily.
Markirch^ French Ste. Marie-aux-Mincs (1180 ft.), the capital
of the valley, with 12,400 inhab., has considerable wool and cotton
factories. The once productive silver-mines have been lately re-
opened. The boundary between the French and German languages
formerly passed exactly through the middle of the town, the right
bank of the Leber or Liipvrette being German, the left French,
but It is now less strongly defined. The German-speaking portion
embraced the Reformation and was subject to the Counts of Rappolt-
stein, while the French inhabitants were Roman Gatiiolic imd under
the sway of the Dukes of Lorraine.
A pleasant Walk may be taken by the St. Di^ road (the bends may
be avoided by shortcnts) to the forester s house of P/tanzichute (fair inn) and
(3 M.) the froptier (2500 ft. ) PEster's Inn, good red wine), and then to the
Heht, in a N. direction, along the frontier to (Vs M.) the Chdtean de FaiU
(2890 ft.)) situated exactly upon the boundary-line, which commands a fine
view of the Talley of the Meurthe, and of St. Di^ and its environs. — The
limestone-quarries of (ii/iM.) St. PhtHp, in the gneiss rock, are interesting.
Fbom Mabkibch to Rappoltsweilbb, 11 V« M., there is a good road
ascending to the right about 1/4 K. below the rail, station. The old road,
diverging to the left from the new, Vs M. from Markirch, eflSscts a eon-
slderable saving, and rejoins the new road in about i^/% M. Fine retrosf ect .
of Markirch. The summit of the hill (1866 ft.) is about halfway. The
road then descends into the valley of the Strtnglach , and leads through
wood nearly the whole way to Eappoltsweiler. About I'/i M. from the
Vosgcs. BR6zOUARD. Map,p,330.^44. RouU, 341
snmmit, and 3V« H. from Bappoltf weiler, a road aacends to the right (S.),
to (3 M.) AHweier (p. 8U). About Si/s M. farther on (1 M. from Kappolts-
weiler) we reach the entrance (1.) of the Duflenbaeh-Tal. through whick the
three castles of Rappoltsweiler are easily reached in V4-i hr. (comp. p. 344).
Thk Ascknt of thb BsjftzouARo, which may be accomplished from
Markirch in 3-SVt hrs., is a Tery pleasant excursion. We follow the road
ascending the Leber-Tal to (V« hr.) Eckerich or Esehirjf (1405 ft ), where
we turn to the left into the Bauen'TaL Farther on we twice turn to the
right at ftnger-poste marked ^Hai'coV and ascend through wood to (2 hrs.)
Ae saddle and (6 min.) the farm of Haieot (rfmts.)* In Vs ^' more we
reach the ridge connecting the two summits, whence the top is gained in
1/4 hr. The Bresonard, Brwoir^ or BrUschbllcitl (4080 ft.), commands a most
extensive view, including the Alps in clear weather. — The Br^zouard
may also be ascended from Mttceier (p. 344) vii the Dreibannstein , in
2>/shr8., or from Schnierlach^ yiS the Grande RoeJu (red marks). — Diedoli-
hausen (p. 846) is reached from the Br^souard either direct from the summit
over theX«/7a< saddle (IVthr.), or by turning to the right a little below
the W. summit, proceeding past the farm of Haieot to the DUdol$hamer
Hdhe (inn), and then following the short-cuts across the bends of the road
(2 hrs.).
The HoH-EoNiosBUBG may be reached by road (shadeless), with
a short-cut through wood, from the station of 8t Pilt (p. 323) ; by
a carriage-road from Wtiltrihal (p. 340) through the wood (5 M.) ;
or by pleasant footpaths from KesUnholz (p. 339) and Wanzel
(p. 340). Omnibus from Schlettstadt see p. 323.
From the station of Kestenholz (2-2Vs hrs. ; red marks) we may either
turn at once to the right along the main road, and then, in 5 min., to the
left by the guide-post, or we may go through the Bronnbad park, skirting
the 17. side of the Hahnenberg (comp. p. 310) to the forester's house of
Wick^ which is about 1 hr. from the hotel. — ^e shortest route is that from
Wanzel (red and white marks), which leads through woods the whole way,
twice crossing the Weilerthal road, after which we proceed either direct
to the ruin (l»/4 hr.) by the 'Kaiser-Wilhelm-Pfad', or by the *Hohenlohe-
Pfad' to the hotel (IV2 hr.).
About 1/2 l^r. below the top Is the Hoh-Konigaburg Hotel (R.^JK
per day, board 2272 JH per week, very fair), commanding a view
of the valley of the Rhine, the slopes of the Yosges, and (in clear
weather) the Alps. An easy path leads from the hotel to the principal
entrance of the castle.
The ♦Hoh-KdnigBburg (2475 ft.), after GHrbaden (p. 332) the
largest castle in Alsace , was presented by the town of Schlettstadt
to Emp. William II. in 1899, and is now being thoroughly restored
at the public expense (*guide*, 50 pf.). Its huge walls and towers
of sandstone, towering above the dark -green chestnut wood, are
strikingly picturesque. The W, portion (PI. 5, 6) served for purposes
of defence, while the dwelling-rooms were in the E. part. The
principal entrance (PI. 8) leads to a Court Yard^ from which we
pass through the round-arched Lowen-Tor (PI. 11) to the Inner
Quadrangle. The imposing main building here (PI. 10; 15th cent.)
consists of four stories, the lowest of which was the kitchen, the
. others the dweUing-rooms.
The castle is first mentioned in 774, as the ^Slophanhereh'' (i.e. Staufen-
berg). About 1147 it belonged to the Hohenstaufen family (p. 345); later
It was held in fee by the Counts of Werd, and in 1462 |t was destroyed hj
342 B.44,-Map,p.330. H0H-K5NIGSBDRG. The Upper
tbe Oonfederafcioii of the Rhenish Towns (p. 283). Rebuilt in 1479. it
pftsaed through the-hands of various owners, and was again destroyed in
1683, this time by he Swedes. It subsequently belonged to the Sickingen
family until 1770.
tttKh *4flo Etfi irftt
1. Old house above the stable (l(i06). — • 2. Bakehouse (destroyed in 1557) —
3 Well. — 4. Draw-bridpe. — 5. Great Bulwark. — 6. Count zu Thierttein**
Great Tower (1560). — 7. Main spiral stair. — 8. Main Entrance. — 9. Chapel
(1627). — 10 Kitchen Tower (1568). — 11. Ldwen-Tor. — 12, Look Out (1557) —
13. Mill and bakehouse. — 14. Porthus. — 15. Lumber-room. — 16. Forge. -^
17. Store-room (1557). — 18. Stable and inn (1580). — 19. Cisterns. —
20. Zwinger-Tor.
From the Hob-Eonigsburg a red-marked path leads to theS.W., .
passing (20 min.) the forester's house of i9c&a9ue2rrfmts.)to the right,
which has been already Visible from above, to (1-1 1/4 hr.) Tannen-
kirch (1730 ft.; H6tel Tannchel), a scattered village, lying at the foot
of the Tanneha (2965 ft. ; with curious rock-formations, and a fine
view). Rappoltsweiler may be reached hence by two routes. From
the fork, 8^^ M. from Tannenkirch we may proceed either to the
right, following the red marks past the castles (2 his.), or to the
left vl& the saddle of Benk direct to the town (I1/4 hr.).
From the rail, station of Rappoltsweller (p. 324) a steam-tram-
way (35, 25 pf.) runs to the town, 21/2 M. to the W.
BappoltBweiler. — Hotels. *HdTEL db 'Nanct, at the foot of the
main street, the nearest to the station, E. lV«-2 Jl^ B. 60 pf., D. ind. wine
2»/a-3, pens. 4V2-5V2 -4?, good wine; *Lamm, in the upper town, similar
charges. — *Cabola-Bad, •/4 M. to the N.E. of the station (omu. 10 pf.), on
the road to Bergheim, a well-equipped bathing establishment, wilh excellent
mineral water (swimming-bath 30 pf.), hotel-restaurant (pens, from 5 JK)y
and beautiful garden, also frequented by transient guests, closed from
Oct. to mid-May. — *Zahnacker' is the best local wine.
Rappoltsweiler (locally called Rapperschwief) j French Ribeau-
villi (820 ft.), an old town, with 6000 Inhab., and partly preserved
^alls of the 14-18th cent., lies at the entrance of a short but beau-
tiful valley, watered by the Strengbachj and bounded by productive
vineyards. On the rocks above, to the right, rise the *Three Castles'
of the Counts of Rappoltstein , a family often mentioned in the
mediseval history of Alsace*
Vo9ge8. RAPPOLTSWEILEK. Mapjp.330.^44.B. 343
The Count of RappolMein was the ^king^ of all the masieians and
minstrels of the Upper Rhine, who recognised him as the head of their
brotherhood and paid him a yearly tax, while he in return extended to
them the benefit of his protection. Every year on 8th Sept. (which is
still the date of a local feast) these wanderers assembled at Bappolts-
weiler to celebrate a joyous festival, called the 'Pfeifertag\ On the death
of the last Count of Bappoltstein in 1673, this singular jurisdiction, along
with the title of 'king of the pipers% was conferred on tiie Countt-Palatine
of Birken/eld (afterwards ZweibrUcken^Birkenfeld), who were in the service
of France. Max Joseph, Duke of Pfalz-Zweibriicken, a colonel in the
French service (1777), and afterwards King of Bavaria (d. 1835), resided in
the ch&teau (now a school) down to 1782.
A long street, containing many fine old houses of the 15th and
16th centuries, intersects the town from E. to W. The Metzger-
turrrij in the market-place, is a remnant of the inner fortifications,
which once separated the adjacent parishes, now forming the town
pf Bappoltsweiler. The Rathatu contains an interesting collection
of goblets and other antiquities. Handsome fountain of 1536; farther
up a modem one, with a figure representing Alsatia, by Friedrich.
The Gothic Parish Church (R. 0.) was completed in 1473.
In order to visit the three castles, we take the red marks as our
guide, pass tbe choir of the Roman Catholic church, follow to the
left (finger-post) the walk in the Lutzelbach'Taly crossing the
stream, and then ascend to the right through the coppice. In ^4 hr.
we cross a footpath leading from the forester's house of Lutzettnieh
to Giersberg, and soon after the plain of the Rhine is disclosed to
view. About V2 ^* ^^^^ ^^® church we turn sharply to the left
(to the right a path to the Lutzelbach - Tal), and reach in Vi ^'•
more the ruin of Giersberg (13th cent.), perched boldly on a
precipitous cliff (1730 ft.). A fine path leads hence, past a bench
commanding a superb prospect, to (5 min.) the *St. xririchB-Bnrg
(1710 ft, ; view), the most modern of the three castles, erected in
the 13th, and enlarged in the 15th cent., and abandoned since the
Thirty Years* War. It is remarkable for its artistic architecture,
best exhibited in the spacious *Rittersaal\ with its beautiful double
windows, surrounded by niches. From the entrance to the St. Ulrichs-
Burg a footpath leads to (25 min.) the saddle to the W. of the
highest point (hence to Tannenkirch, IV4 hr., see p. *84!2) and,
turning to the right, to (10 min.) Hoh- Bappoltstein (2045 ft.),
with its lofty tower, constructed in the 14th cent, on the site of an
earlier building, and affording a good view. — The best route for
returning to Rappoltsweiler leads from the just-mentioned saddle
^{finger-post) through the Dusenbach -^ Talj past the Dusenbach-
J^apeUe (pilgrimage - resort ; rfints.), recently rebuilt from the
mediaval remains, and along the Route de Galvairo (fine retrospects),
to the (1/4 hr.) Markirch road (p. 340), and by it to (1 M.) Rap-
poltsweiler.
Fboh Rappoltbwbilbs to Eatskbsbkro (6 H.J. The road leads
through vineyards on the hillside to (IVs M.) Eunaweier (Bebstock, Traube,
goad wine at both), containing a church of the l&th cent., surrounded by
o waU and bastions. To the B. we observe the ancient Ztllonborff, a
344 BouU 44. ALTWEIER. Tht Upper
Tillage and cMtle, alao surrounded with a wall. About IVs M. beyond
Hunaweier we reach —
Beiehenweier (ffirseh, QoMem OrtmaU^ good wine at both), a Mdall
and ancient town with 1700 inhab., surrounded by rineyarda yieldinf ex-
cellent wine. Its walls and gates are among the finest works of iht kind
in Alsace, particularly the OitrUr^ on the W. side of the town, with its
double gateway. Near the Obertor is a fine F<ml^«rin of the 17th cen-
tury. The old Ckdt9€tu of the Counts of Wiirttemberg-Hdinpelgftrt, to whom
the town was subject, is now a school. The town eontains a number of
handsome private dwelling-houses, built in the I6th and 17th cent, in the
Gothic and Kenaissance styles.
7rom Beiehenweier to Kajfiertberg (p. 815), 3 M.
Fbom Rappoltswbilbb to Altwbibb, 6V2 ^-1 diligence from
April to the end of September twice daily in 2 hrs. (2 Jf; down in
11/4 lir., IV4 Jf; carr. 6 UT 40, with two horses 12 Jf 80 pf.). The
road ascends the valley of the Strengbach, with the Rappoltsweiler
Castles to the right and the ruin of BilsUin (2485 ft) to the left.
At the kilomStre-stone 6.19 (reckoned from Markirch, p. B40), the
road to (2 M.) Altweier dlvergeg to the left. — Walkers may, with
advantage, diverge to the left by the new red-marked *St. Morands-
weg*, pass the forester's honse of Barenhutte (rfmts.), below the
BOstein, and go on thence by the N. slope of the SteXburg to Alt-
weier in 3 hrs.
Altweier, French Auhute (2626 ft. ; H6i. du Britouard, R.
2-21/2, B. 1 , D. 2V2, S. 2, pens. 4-5 uT, with baths, very fair;
Raffner^ plain; also pensions), with 800 inhab. and two churches
(Prot. and Rom. Oath.) , is the highest village in Alsace and Is a
popular summer-resort. — The road is continued towards the S.
Fine view on the (1/2 M.) ridge. The road to the left leads to (6 M.)
Kaysersberg (p. 845) and to (2 M.) Urbach (p. 345), that to the right
to (1 M.) a Sanatorium^ pleasantly situated in a sheltered valley.
The BbAzouabd (p. 841) may be ascended from Altweier, by quitting
the road at the last house in the village (finger-post; 2>/4-2i/i hrs.). or by
going as far. as the Sanatorium and then following the red-marked winding
path behind it. The latter (2Vs-o hrs.) affords the better views. The two
paths convei^e at the forest-clearing of the Dreibannstein.
b. The Welsstal. The Weisse and Schwarse See. Beisherg.
Steam 'Tkamwat from Colmar vi& Kapiersherg to Schnierlttehy 12»ytM.,
in IVs hr. (fares i UV 30, 90 pf.). Those who desire to visit the lakes
leave the tramwav at Etchelmer and walk or take the omnibus (thrice
daily; 50 pf.) to (40 min.) Urbeity and then proceed on foot (2 hrs. direct,
or 21/3 hrs. via the Schwarze See) to the Weisse See: thence to the ScMucht
OVsri h«.).
Colmar^ see p. 324. The tramway starts from the principal rail-
wayjstation. 1 M. Logelbach (p. 348). Immediately after crossing
the Feeht we reach (2^2 ^0 ingttsheim, wh^ice a good road leads
vi& NiedermorBchweier to Drei JShren (p. 348). — 88/4 M. Katwentalj
on the left the castle of Winck,
5 M. 'Ammerschweier (^ ft. ; Zwei ScfdUssel) , an old town
with 1600 inhab., and a number of interesting buildings , among
■vhich may be named the late-Gothic parish -church, the Gothic
I
i
I:
u
Vo80e8. KAYSERSBERa 44. Route. 345
Kaufhans (1538), tlie Renaigsanoe Rathans (1652), and a foujitain
of the 16th century. There are also several handsome dwelling-
houses of similar dates; and the walls and towers, of the 16th cent.,
partienlttrly the Solielmen-Turm of 1535, merit attention.
From Ammerschweier to Drei 2Bhren (p. 348), 4Vs M. by road.
Walkers should take the path via the MeiweUrer KSpfoMu and the OaU
(p. 348)/
The tramway next crosses the WtUs^ a tributary of the Fecht. —
5V2 SigoUheim. The village, which lies V2 M. to the E., possesses
a fine late-Romanesque church, with interesting sculptures on the
portal ; the tower over the cross is late-Gothic. Near Sigolsheim is
the so-called 'Red Field\ where the degenerate sons of Louis the
Pious took their father prisoner in 833, after they had seduced his
army from its allegiance. In consequence of this event the spot is
sometimes termed the 'Ltigenfeld* (i.e. field of lies).
6 M, KUnsheim is one of *three towns in one valley' (the
other two l)eing Kaysersberg and Ammerschweier), mentioned in a
verse quoted by Merian (1663) as characteristic of Alsace along with
'three castles on one hlU, and three churches in one churchyard'.
7 M. Ka786riberg(Zt0et Schlussel, very fair ; Sonne ; Rail. Restau-
rtmtf very fair), an old town with 2640 inhab. and several cotton-
faetoriet, lies at the point where the picturesque Weisstal contracts
and is commanded by the ruins of the ancient Kaiserhurg^ the resi-
dence of the imperial Landvogt of Alsace during the 13-14th cent.,
which was destroyed during the Thirty Years' War (view from the
platform). The town was founded by Emp. Frederick 11, of the
Hohenstaufen family, who were Dukes of Swabia and Alsace and
ware solicitous for the welfare of their land. The famous preacher
John Seiler (p. 811) was brought up here. The ancient walls, the
numerous quaint houses of the 15-16th cent., and the old fountain
(with inscription) combine to give the town a particularly pleasing
air of antiquity. The handsome Town Hall^ in the Renaissance
style, dates from 1604. The spacious Church, dating firom the 12th
cent., but subsequently altered, possesses a line Romanesque por-
tal, and contains a sculptured Pietil, of the 15th cent., and a winged
altar-piece, of the early 16th century. The Sommerhaus (1/4 hr.)
and the Wetterkreus, somewhat higher up, are good points of view.
From Kaysersberg to Drei JEhrm (p. 348) a blue-marked path leads
in 272 hrs. ; a shorter path, marked in yellow, is more fatiguing and less
attractive (i*/* hr.). — To Rappoltsweiler see p. 8^.
, The steam-tramway skirts the S. side of the old town-wall of
Kaysersberg, and ascends on the right bank of the Weiss. 8^/2 M.
Weibel, — 9^4 M. Alspachj formeriy a Glarissine nunnery, now a
factory, — 10 M. Urbach. The village of that name, French FrSland,
lies in a side- valley, IV2 M. to the right.
12 M. Ssohelmer, French HachimetU (Simon) , just within the
bounds of the French-speaking district, wliich embraces the country
346 BouU4d.--Map,p.344. UBBEIS. The Upper
on the E. slope of the mountains, watered by the Weiss and its
tributary streams. Grossing the stream, we pass, 1/4 M. farther on, on
the left, the road (indicated by a finger-post) leading to Urbeis (see
below; omn. in connection with the mail-trains). The line ascends
the valley of the BSehine.
I2Y2 ^' Schnierlach, French La Poutrote (^Post ; Krone, both
very fair), the tramway-terminns, possessing considerable cotton-
factories. — To the S.W. of Schnierlach, beyond QoutU, a path
ascends to the left to (1 hi.) the top of the Faudi (2535 ft.). —
From Schnierlach to the Weisse See (272 ^rs.) : the blue-marked
and shadeless path leads vil Goutte to the saddle of Bermoni
(2105 ft.), and then via Remomoni to (1 hr.) La MatreUe, where it
joins the route from Urbeis (see below).
The road continues to ascend along the B^chine. 3 M. Diedols^
hausen, French Le Bonhomme (2200 ft.; Hot. des Lacs, R. 1-2, D.
incl. wine 272 •^ > Cheval Blanc, both very fair), with a new church,
21/2 M. from the French frontier (Col du Bonhomme, 3120 ft.). A
red-marked path (fine views ; road under construction) leads from
Diedolshausen to (1V2-2 hrs.) the Weisse See.
From EsoHBLMBB we proceed towards the S.W. by the road
mentioned above, up the valley of the Weiss, to (2 M.) Vrbeis or
Or6c2/(1675ft.; ComeUw, R. IV2-2V2 ^, very fair; Edt. Vogesia,
plain), a scattered mountain-village, with various industries and a
conspicuous new church. — At the beginning of the villa^ diverges
a road to the left, ascending the Tannacher^ T«Z(flne mountain-
view) to the (71/2 M.) Drei iEhren (footpath shorter). — The road
running to the S. from Urbeis and then (1 M.) bending to the left
ascends vi4 Unterhiitten to the Wettsteinhoke (2885 ft.) and then
descends to the Schlucht road above Sulzern (p. 350; Sulzem is
IOV2 M. from Urbeis).
Most travellers pay a visit from Urbeis (or from Schnierlach) to
the two lonely mountain-lakes, the Weisse See and the Schwarze
See, which lie to the W. of it, nearly on the summit of the granite
ridge separating Alsace from France. — The direct, but shadeless
path (2 hrs. ; blue marks ; road under construction) fropi Urbeis to
the Weisse See diverges to the right in the village, passes the *Nou-
veau Martinet' (forge), and follows the right bank of the brook, vi&
Basse Orange^ to the hamlet of La MatreUe, Hence we follow the
path from Schnierlach (see above), via Blane Rupt We may cut off
the last wide bend of the road by ascending direct to the left about
IV2 lir* after leaving Urbeis. — The route vi& the Sehwarse See
(1 V2-2 ^^' ; to the Weisse See 23/4-3 hrs.) is pleasanter. We follow
the above-mentioned Sulzern road for 1 M. and then take the road
to the right, which passes (1 M.) the hospital of PairU (2130 ft.;
on the site of a Cistercian abbey founded in the 12th cent.) with a
new church, and the H$tel Pavtis, In 25 min. more we reach the
Vosgta. WEISSE SEE. Map, p. 344. — 44. Route. 347
edge of the wood, whence a steep footpath to the left ascends to
(V2 ^^0 t^e Schwarze See. The road runs to the N., asoends in a
sharp carve, and then (2 M.) forks. The branch to the right leads
to the Weisse See and along its E. bank to (2 M.) the hotel. The
left branch leads to (^/^ M.) the refuge-hat on the Schwarze See, on
the S, bank of which we may ascend (steep) to (50 min.) the Sul-
zemer £ck (see below).
The *W6iige See, or Lac Blane (3460 ft.), which derives its name
from the quartz at the bottom , is the largest lake of the German
Yosges (ca. 3 M. in circumference) ; It is bounded on two sides by
lofty precipices , and on a third by huge masses of granite piled
together. High over its N. end stands the Eotel %um Weissen See
(3680 ft.; R. 2-3, B. 1, D. at 12.30 p.m. 3, pens. 6-7 Jf; tele-
phone to Urbeis). — The Schwane See, or Lae Koir(3116 ft.;
accommoda^on at the keeper's), about half the size of the other,
lies only 3/4 M. to the S., but the two lakes are separated by a huge
wall of granite. The discharge of the two lakes forms the Weiss,
On the W. side of the lakes rises the Beisberg (4278 ft.), the
northernmost eminence of the range called Let Hauies Chaumes,
which extends to the Schlucht (about 9*/2 M. ; fine mountain- walk
of 3V2-'4 hrs.). The ridge, along which runs the boundary of Alsace,
may be attained from the Weisse See Hotel in about iO minutes.
The view extends over the Vosges, a great part of Lorraine, the
Black Forest, and the entire plain of the Rhine. The path keeps
mainly on the German side of the boundary. Beyond the boundary-
stone 2772, about 40 min. from the hotel, is a finger-post indicating
(1.) the (1/4 hr.) See-Kan%el (*Piilpit'), commanding a view of both
lakes. At the Sulxemer Eck (4272 ft. ; stone 2779) a survey is ob-
tained to the S. of the Miinster-Tal , with the Swiss Alps in the
distance. Farther on we pass the Taubenklangfels or Roche du Oazon
de Faing (stone 2782) and the RinghuMkopf or Oazon de Faiie
(4270 ft. ; stone 2786). Beyond stone 2789 a path leads to the left
to the Sulzemer See (to Sulzern 2 hrs., comp. p. 350). We now
traverse a low wood of beech and pine , and about 50 paces to the
left obtain a view of the Sulzemer See or Daren-See (3425 ft.), a
small, pine-girt mountain-lake, 415 acres In area. At the Tannech-
felsj or Roche du Tanei (4243 ft.; stone 2800), we have our last
retrospect of the lake. At stone 2816 a path leads to the left to
(40 min.) the H6t. Altenberg (p. 360). From this point we require
*/2 kr., passing the Krappenfels (4115 ft.; stone 2826), to reach the
Schlucht (see p. 350).
c. From Colmar to Monster and Metzeral. The Schlncht.
16 M. Railway to (12 M.) MUmter in >/« lir. (fares 1 UV 60 pf., 1 UT,
65 pf.); to (16 M.) Jietzwal in I1/4 hr. (fares 2 UV, 1 UV 80, 86 pf.).
To the W. of Colmar (p. 324) opens the fertile ♦Mftnster-Tal,
, formerly called the St, Gregorien-Tal, watered by the FechU Its in-
348 RouU44.'^Mapjp.344. TCBKHEIM> The Upper
habitants , most of whom are Protestants , carry on manufactures
of yarious kinds and cattle-farming. The ^MCLnster cheese' resembles
the highly-esteemed Gamembert.
The line skirts the l^ogelbach^ an old canal, conducted from the
Fecht at Tdrkheim, on which numerous cotton-manufactories are
situated. 2 M. LogtVbach (p. 344). In the plain between Golmar
and Turkheim, on 5th Jan., 1675, Turenne surprised and signally
defeated the German imperial army, which had gone into winter-
quarters here. This decisive engagement drove the Germans across
the Rhine and effectually expelled them from Alsace.
33/4 M. Tfbrkheim (775 ft. ; Dmx ClefSy a picturesque old house,
R. 1 ulf 60 pf.-2, pens, from 31/2 JK, with wine-room ; Cerf Blane,
nearest the station), an old town with 2570 inhab., still partly
surrounded by walls and towers. One of the best wines of Alsace is
yielded by the neighbouring vineyards (comp. p. 323).
Ob the other side of the vaUey, 1 H. to the S.B. of stat. Tiirkheim
and 3 M. from Golmar (steam-tramway in 1/4 hr. ; 40, 26 pf.) , lies the
village of Winzenheim {Meyer , well spoken of). A footpath, not to be
mistaken, issuing from the W. end of the village, aseends in 1 hr. to the
rain of Hohlandahorg (2066 ft.), consisting of little more than the outer
walls of an extensive castle, which was destroyed by the French in 1635.
Fine view. — In returning we may either proceed by the Plixburg or by a
direct and easy path to stat. St. Oilgen (p. 349), or, taking the direction
indicated by tiie finger-post on the S. slope of the HohlMidsburg, pass
mostly through wood to (3 M.) the ruins of the Drei-Exen (p. 326).
Fbom TObkheim to Dbbi iEHBBN, 6 M., electric tramway in
40 mln. (fare 1 UJT 20 pf., down 60 pf., there and back 1 UJT 50 pf.).
The line follows the highroad for about half the distance, then
traverses the Tiirkheim Wood , and at the top reaches the Nieder-
morschweier road. — Pedestrians (ly^ hr.) follow the road to the
W., up the valley, for about 1 1/4 M., and then take the shorter foot-
path to the right.
Drei .Shren, French Noire Dame des Troia J^U, German Unsere
Liebe Frau «u den drei JShren (1910 ft.; Hotel des Troia Bois^ with
terrace; Hdtel des Trois J^is, good cuisine, pens, at each 5-7 Jfj
Notre Dame, Bellevue, with view, pens. 472*5 «^» hoth very fair), is
a resort of pilgrims, and also a favourite summer-resort. The village
consists of an unpretending Gothic church, containing a number
of votive tablets, with a few houses adjacent. The view embraces
the lower Miinster-Tal, the slopes of the Vosges, the plain of the
Rhine as far as the Black Forest, and the distant Alps to the S. To
the W. of the village is the Belvedere,
A more extensive view, especially towards theN., is gained from the
Galz (2395 ft.), 1/2 hr. to the N.E. (flngeivpost behind the H6t. Trois Epis).
— The Oro*$« Hohnach (3200 ft.), 2V«M. to the S.W. of Drei iEhren (finger-
post at the W. end of the village), also commands a pleasing view, wiUi
the Miinster-Tal in the foreground, and opposite, on the N., the Kleine
Hohnach (3015 ft.), crowned with the ruins of a castle restored in the 13th
cent, and destroyed in 1656. — From Drei ^hren to the lake« (p. 847),
Vo$ges. MtoSTER. Map,p.BU,^U,RouU, 349
passing between the two Hohnacks . i^/s hrs. ; by Hohrodberg to MUnster
(see below) 8V« hrs. 5 to Urbeis (p. 316) 2V2 bra.
Drei ^hren may also be reached by pleasant routes from Ingersheim
(p. 944), Ammerschweier (p. 344), and Eaysersbere: (p. 345).
51/2 M. 8t, Gilgen; 61/4 M. Walba<^. — 8 M. Weier im Thai
(1013 ft.; good inn at the station), about 1 M. to the S. of which
is a small bath-establishment near the small and ancient town of
Sulzbach, (From Sulzbach to the Kahle Wasen, 4 hrs., see below.)
The village of Weier im Thai , with a conspicuous new church,
lies 1 M. to the N. of the station, and is commanded by the pilgrim-
age-chapel of Heiligkreuz, — 10 M. GunsftacA, with a large cotton-
factory, at the foot of the Sohlosswald (see below). The train then
crosses the Fecht to —
12 M. Moxuter (1256 ft. ; * Grand HdUlMunaUr^ near the station,
R. 1V2-3V2» B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 5-8 Jf, with garden; Storch), a
manufacturing town with 6100 inhab., situated at the base of the
Monehsberg (H6t. Monchsberg, R. 1 uT 40 pf. - 2 uJT, D. 2 uT 20 pf.,
well spoken of) at the union of the Kleintal(j^. 350) with the Groaatal
(see below). The place owes its origin to a Benedictine abbey founded
here by King Ghilderic about 660, and in the 13th cent, it was a
free town of the German Empire. Numerous modern buildings,
among which the handsome Protestant church (in the Romanesque
style) and the theatre are oonspicuous, testify to the prosperity of
the town.
The Schlostwald, IV4 M. to the £. , an eminence laid out in pleasnre-
gronnds, and crowned by the ruin of Schwartenburg ^ is open to the public.
•View.
Fbom MdMSTBB TO THB Eahik Wasbn, 8 hr8. The path (finger*post at
t|ie station } farther on red and white marks) winds upward to theJ^^rcAe,
a ditch or trench flUed with water, which it skirts, to the right, as far as
the Voltaire Oak. Here it joins the road from Liittenbach (see below), whicih
we now follow (avoiding the wide curve by short-cuts), vi& the Rieth
dairy (rfmts.). where a path to Sulzbach diverges on the left, to the
(2V4-2V« hrs.) dairy of Kdhlenwasen (inn). Thence to the top, V2 hr. The
Kahle Wasen, or Kleine Belchen (4160 ft.), commands a view of the Hiinster-
Tal and the Lauchtal. In June the mountain is covered with a carpet
of Vosges violets (Viola elegans). — The descent is made to (2-2V4 hrs.)
Ltmtenbach (p. 352), by a path indicated by red and white marks leading
vii Sifnles Orab (2840 ft. ; inn), or we may go from the dairy-honse via
the SUinberg to the forester's house of LaUem (red rectangle with yellow
disk), and by the road through Landertbach to Metzeral (p. 361) in 2V4-2Vs hrs.
— A fine walk of 6-7 hrs. may be taken by following the ridge towards
the W. to the Klitukopf (4365 ft. ; ♦View) and proceeding to the 8. to the
Groase Belehen (p. 353).
The train turns to the S.W. and ascends the Grosstaly which is
watered by the Fecht. — From (I2V2 M.) Luttenbach the above-
meationed road leads to the dairy on the Kahle Wasen. — I33/4 M.
Breitev^aoh; 141/4 M. Muhtbaeh, — 15 M. Metzeral^ see p. 851.
The ROAB ITBOM MtJNSTBB THBOUOH tHB SOhlucht (11 M. ;
omnibus to Altenberg from Jnne to end of Sept. 2 ulT 80 pf., in the
reverse direction 1 u(? 60 pf. ; carr. 12, carr.-and-palr 20 Uff ; electric
3bO RouU44.^Map,p,344, SOHLUOHT. The Upper
tramway contemplated) ascends the KUhidal towards the N. W. The
distance to the frontier is 11 M., which may he accomplished In this
direction in 3-31/2 ^^rs. At (2 M.) Stossweier (Schlncht Inn ; H6t.
Hittelbach, above the village) the road tarns towards the N. to
(1 74 M.) Suhemf and ascends the hill In a long curv«. At the N.
angle of this bend, 41/2 M. from MQnster, a road to (9>/j M.) Urbeis
(p. 346) diverges to the right. The road continues to ascend through
fine wood.
Pbdbstrians cross the stream at a saw- mill 2^4 M. beyond
Stossweier (see above), follow its left bank to Ampfersbiieh and
Sekmelzwasenj and regain the (3 hrs.) road about I74 M. below the
Schlucht. Or ^ey may select the attractive route from Sohmelzwasen
vi& the Stolze AbUisi and the Hohneck (5-6 hrs. ; comp. the Map).
About 972 M. from Miinster and I72 M. from the top of the
pass, above the road to the right, stands the *H6t€l Altenberff
(3610 ft.), a comfortable house with electric light, hot-air heating,
and baths, open in summer only (E. 272-^72) ^' 172t ^' **
12.30 p.m. 5, S. at 7.30p.m. 3 Jf; rooms should be ordered in ad-
vance). Adjacent is a restaurant for passing tourists (D., 11-2 p.m.,
172 •^f). Fine view of the Milnster-Tal. Pleasant walks ascend
tiirough the woods at the back of the hotel to the Krappen-Fels and
the top of the pass.
From this point onward the road is cut through the granite rocks,
and a few hundred paces below the summit it passes through a
tunnel.
The ♦Schlucht, French Col de la Schlucht (3735 ft.) , a pictur-
esque mountain-pass, surrounded by precipitous rocks and beau-
tiful pine-forest, lies between the Lundenhuhl or Montabec (4126 ft.)
on the S. and the Spitzenfelskopf (J^iib ft.) on theN., two heights of
the Central Yosges Mts. The summit of the pass forms the boundary
between Germany and France. On the German side are a house in
the 'Swiss Chalet' style and a good inn, and on the French side is
the ^opnldLi Hdtel de la Schlucht (R. from 272, B. I72, Luncheon 3,
D. 4, S. 372, in the restaurant D. or S. 272 ^r.), the terminus of
the mountain-railway from Gtordmer (see p. 351).
From the chalet a good club-path, passing the Quellenfels,
ascends to the left to (1 7* hr.) the summit of the *Hohneck (4465 ft. ;
rfmts.), which is reached in the same time also by a path from the
French hotel. The mountain-railway from Le Collet (see below)
reaches the summit thence in 20 min. (27j M. ; 1 fr.). The Tiew
(mountain-indicator) extends far beyond the Vosges Mts., embracing
the plain of the Rhine as far as the Black Forest, the Jura and Ihe
Alps towards the S., and the French Department of the Vosges
towards the W. In the foreground towards the £. is the beautiful
Miinster -Tal, towards the W. the valley of G^rardmer with the
Retoumemer and Longemer lakes. The Hohneck is also of great
interest to the botanist.
Vosffea, METZERAL. Map, p. 344, — 44. Route, 351
Fboh the Schldoht to G^asdmes (lO^/s M., an ioteresting day's e.xcur-
sioo), road and mountain-railway (there and back 4 fr. 6, ascent 2 fr. <iO c.)*
The road gradually descends past the source of the Menrthe to (IV* M.)
Le Collet (3610 ft.), and thence in a curve to the N.W. with a line view
of the lakes, passing through a short tunnel below the (3 M.) RocTte du
JHabUy and then running above the banks of the lake of Longemer. The
railway quits the Schlucht road beyond Le Collet (junction for the branch
to Hohneck, fee above) and follows a road diverging to the left, which
runs in a curve to the S. to the pretty little lake of J7e tovrnemer (2553 ft. ;
by footpatli from the SchluCht road, 20-25 min. ; small hotel on the lake).
It then skirts the Vologne (pretty wateifall) and the lake of lonffemer
(2U8 ft. •, 11/4 M. long), near the N. end of which it rejoins the Schlucht
roid (French cuSlom-house). Hence we descend along the Vologne, which
tottdB a fine fall (Saul de* Cuves) above the bridge, by which the road
and the railway cross to the left bank (Caf^-Eestauraat du Saut-des-Guves).
About 31/2 M. farther on is —
(Wrardmer (final r silent 5 Hdt, de la Poste^ d^j. SVa, 1>. 4 fr.; Cfrand
mta du Lac^ d^j. S, D. i fr.; mt. Beau JUvage; Hdt. ChoU'Ttrminu» ; H6t.
de la Frovidenu; H6i.. de$ Voeges, etc.), an industrial town with 9000 in-
hab., at the £. end of the lake of that name ('2185 ft.) and a favourite
summer-resort of the French. Froqi the station we cross an open space
to the S.W. and reach the lake. Fine walk round the lake in IV2 ^r. —
Ck>mp. £aedeker''s Norlhtm Fraiace.
On the summit of the Hohneck is a flngei-post pointing to the
Fischbodle on the S.E. Proceeding in this direction, we pass ScMess^
rotrted (rfmts.), where a pond has recently been dammed in, and
reach tie (11/2 hr.) Fischbodle^ a small lake surrounded by wild
^ocks, and probably the moraine of an ancient glacier once occupying
the Wolmsa-ToL, From the Fischbodle to Metzeral IV2 ^^' (a
beautiful walk, seen to greatest advantage in ascending).
Xetzeral (1672 ft. ; Railway Hotel^ by the station, plain j Sonne,
unpretending but comfortable), with 1600 inhab., lies at the union
of the two streams which form the Fecht. — To the Fi$ohbddle,
see above.
Fbom ItfsTZERAi. TO THB GsossB BuLCHEN (red marks ; 7-7V2 hrs ). We
ascend the valley by the road to (ca. 1 hr.) the forester's house of Herren-
berg; then traverse a pretty wood, past the Herrenberg dairy, to the (2 hrs.)
ridge, along which rnns a good track made by the Yosges Club. This
we follow to the left, past the dairies of Orose-HaTmenbnmnen (rfints.) and
Mfarkstein (rfmts.)-, IV2 M. beyond the latter we join the 'Pionicr-Weg' from
the Lauchenweiher, and pursue it to the foot of the Grosse Belchen (See-
SatCel). A footpath finally leads to the inn at the top (p. 353).
Fbom Metzkkal to Wildhnstein (p. 355), 4 hrs. We mount to the ridge
above the dairy of Herrenberg (see above), and proceed thence to (lV4-lV2br,)
Wildenstein (finger-posts) by a rugged and often steep path. — The attractive
ascent of the Botenbachkopf (4320 ft.) may be combined with the passage
to Wildenstein by making a digression of I-IV4 hr. On the ridge we
follow the club-path to the right (not to the left, as for the Grosse Belchen),
later again diverging to the right and thus reaching th^ pointed top
(extensive view of the tf iinster-Tal, etc.). We may descend either by the
ridge as we came, or by the frontier-wall as far as the dairy of Roten-
haehhofy whence a club-path leads to Wildenstein (comp. p. 355).
d. From BoUweiler to Lautenbaeh. OrosBO Belohea.
8 M. Eailwat in •/t-i hr. (fares 1 UT 10, 76, 60 pf.).
S&Uweiler, see p. 326. The line traverses a fertile district. — 3 M.
O^erntdty a town of 4400 Inhab., with silk-factories, contains an
352 BouUU.-^Mc^tp.SU, GEBWEILEB. The Upper
unpretending but tasteful parish-church, chiefly in the Gothic
style, with a lofty tower above the crossing, begun in 1278, and
finished in the 14th and i5th centuries.
From Obersuls there is omnibus connection, via Jtrnffhclz. with St. Anna
(1456 ft.; 1 hr.) which has lately come into TOgiie as a health resort (Hotel-
Pension Scholler, yery fair).
4V2M. OebweUer (930 ft.; Engel^ at the station, R. I8/4-2, D. IncL
wine 2^2 «^ » Ooldene Kanone^ in the town, very fair), with 13,300
inhab., situated at the entrance to the Lauehtalj is an important
manufacturing place, the products of which are cotton goods, cloth,
sugar, and machinery. The road from the station leads straight to the
Neue Kirehe, a handsome building in the baroque style, erected in
1759 by the Prince- Abbots of Murbach, when they transferred their
residence to Gebweiler. The main street leads to the right past
the late-Gothic Rathtms to the *Parish Church (8t, Leodegar), a fine
example of the Transition style, begun in 1182 and lately restored.
It possesses double aisles, a transept, three towers of unequal
height, and a fine Romanesque porch occupying the whole breadth
of the W. front. The choir is Gothic. The sculptures on the W.
central portal merit inspection. One of the best wines of Alsace
('Kitterle') is produced near Gebweiler.
A food path, indicated by red and white marks, beginning at theW.
end of Gebweiler (iVi M. from the station), ascends vii the saddles otFtUnUt
(1845 ft.) and MUmterUckerU (2160 ft.) and the refuge-hut on the mountain-
pasture known as Judenhutplan to (SVz-i hrs.) the Belchtn (p. 363).
51/2 M. Heissemiein (1015 ft.), the upper station for Gebweiler.
— The railway ascends the pretty Lauchtal , passing the ruin of
Hugstein. — 7 M. BUM (1115 ft.).
At Biihl the road from Gebweiler enters the Talley of the Mwrhcuhy
passes the H6i. Wolff (good), and Jeads S. to the (2 M. from B&hl station)
Romanesque abbey church of Knrbach. This Benedictine Abbey, founded
by Duke Eberhard of Swabia in 727, became one of the most powerful on
the Upper Rhine and possessed extensive domains, in which three towns
(including Gebweiler) and thirty villages were situated. It was presided
over by an abbot of princely rank, who bore as his device a black grey-
hound ('haughty as the Murbach hound^ was a mediaeval saying). The
church, of which the nave has disappeared, was consecrated in 1139, and
ranks, like that of Maursmunster (p. 330), as one of the oldest and finest
Romanesque buildings in Alsace. The S. transept contains a handsome
Gothic tombstone of the 13th century. The house to the left, about
50 paces beyond the archway across the road, with its groundfloor borne
by Romanesque columns, is an inn.
The Belchtn is ascended from Murbach in 3 hrs. by a pajth crossing the
brook to the left above the church and joining the *l4euweg\ which leads
to the Judenhutplan (see above).
The terminus of the railway is (8 M.) Lautenhach (1300 ft. ;
Weisses Lamm), a large industrial village, with cotton and thread
factories. In the neighbourhood is the Chapel ofSt, Oangolf, Opposite,
on the right bank of the Lauoh, is the village of Lautenbaeh-Zell,
Fbom La.utbnbaoh to thb Geobbb Bblchbn, 33/4-4'hr8. This
is the pleasantest ascent from the Laudital. We follow the road
up the valley to the (60 min.) forester's house of SagmaUentyflieaM
Toiges. THANN. Map,p.B44.—id,Boute. 353
we ascend the track (red and white marks) through the woods, to
the left, to the piles of cut timher. Here we again bear to the left
past the (1 hr.) falls of the Seehach, and continue along the left
bank of the stream, crossing it above the falls, and then following
the right bank until we reach the Belehensee (3286 ft ; 35 min.), pic-
tnresquely situated at the foot of the peak. Skirting the W. side of
the lake, we gradually climb to the (50 min.) See-Sattel^ between
the Storkenkopf on the W. and the Belchen on the E. ; and then,
crossing the ^Pionier-Weg*, we round the N. side of the peak and
reach (Va l^'O *^® Belchenhaus, belonging to the Tosges Olub
(enlarged in 1905; good accommodation; telephone to Gebweiler),
with a meteorological station and a garden of Alpine plants. This
is 5 min. below the peak of the ^Orosse Belchen, French Bcdlon
de SouU% (4670 ft), the highest point of the Yosges, commanding
a wide panorama (mountain-indicator). In clear weather the Alps,
from the Sentis to Mont Blanc, are plainly visible.
For travellers wishing to contmue their walk farther S. the descent
to St. Afnarin is recommended (red marks ; I'/ihr.^ see p. 864).
e. From Mfilhansen to Wesserling and Kr&t.
aSVs V. Railway in li/shr. (fares d JHO, 2 Jt 10, 1 «# 30 pf.).
MiUhauBen, see p. 327. This railway connects the main line
with the important manufacturing places in the St. Amarin-Tal,
the industrious valley of the Thur, and opens up to visitors an
exceedingly picturesque tract of country. — 2M. Vornaeh; S^z^'
Lutttrhacli (823 ft.), see p. 326; 91/4 M. Sennkeim (987 ft.), Fr.
Cemay (Bornot, R. 2-5, B. 1, D. 21/2 Jf; Zwei Schlussel), where
a branch-line diverges for Masmunster and Sewen (see p. 355).
I2V2 M. Thann (1095 ft ; H6U MoBchenross, at the rail, station,
R. 2-3 uff, B. 80 pf.; Restaurant Bointety with garden, Munich beer;
good wine at the WeUacr Bar')j a town with 7800 inhab., a large
chemical manufactory, and thriving machinery, cotton, and silk
factories, is picturesquely situated at the mouth of the harrow
Vajiley of the Thur, the mountains enclosing which are covered
with wood on their upper, and vineyards on their lower slopes. The
*Church of St. Thtobaldf the choir (1351-1421) of which is first
visible in approaching from the station, is a gem of Gothic architec-
ture. Its bold and elegant open tower, begun in 1430 and com-
pleted in 1516 by Meister Remigius Walch (inscription on the spire
at the top) , is one of the finest specimens of later Gothic. The
t^andsome double portal on the W. side also deserves attention. The
interior is adorned with carved work of the 16th cent., Gothic
stained glass, and a fine painting, of the school of Martin Schon-
gauer, of Ohrist amid several apostles. — The church is seen to ad-^
vantage from the Engetburg^ a castle crowning an eminence on the
left bank of the Thur (which is crossed by two bridges), and com-
manding the town and entrance to the valley. (The route to the
Baxdbksb's Rhine. 16th Edit 23
364 R<mU44.-^Map,p.344. WESSERLINO. The Vftpef
castle di^zges to the right from the main street, opposite the
church.) The overthrown tower of the castle, which was destroyed
hy Turenne in 1674, somewhat resembles a huge eask. The district
to the E. of the Engelburg yields the 'Rangener wine', which is
mentioned by the German historian MCLnster as early aa 1550. —
The Stauftn (1685 ft.), IV2 M. from Thann, is a fine point of view.
From Taura to thb Obossb Bblghbv, 6 hrs., by an easy and attractive
route. Starting from the rail, station, we proceed to the K., crossing the
Thur and ascending the Kattenbaeh'Tca^ tIE the PoMUttn-Flatt^ to CSV^hrs.)
the TkomoMU-Plais (3982 ft.)i whence a risit may he made, to the left, to
the (4 min.) Otteinf^s^ commanding a splendid view of the Bekhen. From
the Thomanns-Platz we ascend in Vs hr. to the MbUienrain (3690 ft. t wide
view), and thence in the same direction to the dairy of FretmckUin (rfmts.),
and, passing below the ruin of the same name, to the (1 V« hr.) FtrOaekgr^
the saddle between the Sudel (8310ft) and the Belchen. Finally we traverse
the flat pastures on the ridge to the BelchenhiUte (rfmts.) and the (l-l'/i hr.)
Belehenkatu (p. 359}.
Fbom TBAim TO St. Akibin ob MASMtumM. 6red and white mazkB as
far as the Bossberg). We keep to the W. over the three saddlea if<9>oieoM-
Flatz^ JHeboldHhererU Sbtne^ and BuncUrUckin; then proceed to the K.W.
to the (2Vs hrs.) MitOere Rouherg - BiUte or Kom-BUtU (2903 ft.; rfmts.).
situated between the Rouherg (8906 ft.) on the left and the Thanner Bubei
(3876 ft ; ascent recommended in clear weather) on the right We then
ascend to the ride e of the Bossherg and proceed along the ^Hauptroute* (see
below) either to the K. to (2 hrs.) St. Amarin (see below), or to the S. to
(2Vs b«s.) M€uman$Ur (p. 366).
141/4 M. BiUehweiUr, 151/2 M. Weiler (1215 ft.), two industrial
villages, with modern Gothic churches. — The line now skirts ^e
left bank of the stream. I71/2 M. Mooseh,
I8V2 M. St. Amarin (1330 ft. ; QoUenet Lowe, B. 1 Vr^, D. 2 ulT
40 pf., very fairj KSmmerlin), one of the most ancient places in
the valley, was destroyed in the Thirty Years* War.
Thb Qbossb Belghkn (p. 858) is ascended from St. Amarin by a pretty
and shady path (marked red) in 2^/4 hrs.
Fbok St. Auabin to Hajbmqnstbb^ 6-5Vs hrs. by the ^Haaptroute' (red
marks) of the Vosges Club. We leave the station, cross the Thur, and
ascend the B. slope of the BirsclibacJtkop/ to the l>rei-Mark*Mn (2198 ft.);
then through wood, in about 2 hrs., to the meadow of the Beladker dairy
(rfmts. ^ l^/shr. to the W. is the Stemsee-Sattel, mentioned on p. 355). Proceed-
ing via the Falkensteine or VogelttetM (3870 ft. \ superb view from the rocks),
and continuing along the ridge, we reach the Roabey (3906 ft) in 1 hr. We
next pass the Bintere and the Vordere Birzmstein (SSiSO ft ; good view) and
descend through the Willerbach-Tal to (2 hrs.) McumilMUr ^. 855). — Tha
inttlere Rossberg-HUtte (see above) lies about '/4 hr. to the E. of the Yogel-
steine, in the direction of Thann.
2OV2 M. WesserHng (1433 ft. ; H6tel de We$sefling, very fair;
Bennfs Inn, at the station), a place of modem origin, on the site
of a hunting-lodge of the abbots of Murbach and built partly on
what was once the moraine of a huge glacier. Is a colony of ex-
tensive cotton-factories, etc., with ca. 1000 inhabitants.
Fboh WsssBRLnrG to Bussang, &M., by the road ascending the valley
which diverges to the W. from the St* Amftrin^Tal. »^ M.Ui^* (1476 it %
Couronne; German custom house), 11/4 M. beyond which, to the left,
opens tho BrUctenbacfhTal (p. ^5). The road becomes steeper with sharp
bends. 6V4 M. Col de Busiong, which is pierced by a tunnel with a
houndary-stone in the middle (highest point of the road, 2303 ft^( at the
Vosget. WILDENSTEIN. Map,p,344,'-44,BouU, 355
tntrance to ike tunnel is a small inn, at the exit the Freneh eastom-
honse. The old road diverges to the right from the road leading to the
village of Bustang, passes near the sonrce of the Moselle (to the left,
indicated by a tablet), and' reaches the little mineral bath of Buuang
(Grand Hdtel des Sources), IV4 H. above the village peux Cle^, D. 3 fr.).
Comp. Baedeker't Northern France.
Froh Wbssxbliiio to Obkrbkuok (6 hrs.)- Vift TTrbis to the BrOehen-
kath-Tal^ see p. 854. We ascend through the latter to C^^U hrs.) the
aurtuee-Sattel (3610 ft). Thence, skirting the basin of the Bternsee (3280 ft.),
whic^ lies far below, we proceed along a level path, past the Obere Bert
Dairy, to the Ifeutpeiher, two little lakes in an imposing setting C^08 ft.).
Following the onlflow of these, wa reach (3 hrs.l Oberbrttck (p. 856). —
From the Obere Bers a route leads alone the frontier on the crest of the
hill to the Welfche Belchen (p. 356), in V/t hrs.
21 M, FelUringen(pchBQ, very fair). — 23 M. Oderen (Fischer^s
Hotel), "between the granite cones of Marleberg (1790 ft.) and Bar-
berg (1815 ft.) which rise above the valley. The Uhufels, li/2 M.
to the N., affoids a line view.
23V2 ^* ^^^ (Sonne)| the terminns of the railway.
The road (recommended to pedestrians) continues to ascend the
valley of the Thur. About 174 M. beyond Krut suddenly rises the
wooded Schlo88berg(2iS^ ft. ; 410 ft. above the valley), with the
river Thur on the W ., and, on the E., separated from the slope of
the Griebkopf by a dale through which the road runs. On it stand
the scanty ruins of WUdemtein (entrance from the N. side ; restau-
rant in summer). This stronghold formerly belonged to the Abbey
of Murbach and was taken by the French during the Thirty Years*
War. In 1644 it was destroyed by the Weimar troops. About 33/4 M,
from Krilt the road reaches —
Wildenstein (1968ft.; Sonne), the highest village in the valley.
It then makes a sharp bend to the £., crosses the Thur, and ascends
in many windings to the Col de Bramont (3145 ft.; 4V2 M. from
Wildenstein), which forms the frontier. Thenoe to La Breite, 6 M.
A good path leads from Wildenstein to the Rotenbachhof hnd the Roten'
baehkop/ip. o51). Thence a pleasant walk along the crest of the hills, either
to the K. via the RJieMcop/ and the ffobneek (p. 350) to the Schlueht (p. 350)
in 4ys-5hr8., or to tha fl. to the Oroise Belehen (p. 853).
From Wildenstein across the Herrenberg to Metzeral in iVa krs., see
p. 351.
t, From Senalieim to Bewen. — WeUche Belchen.
171/sJL Bjlxlwat from Sennheim to Sewen in ca. IVshr.
Bemheim^ see p. 353. — The line rouB to the S. Yi& (3 M.)
Aapath, to the entrance of the PoUer-Tal, crosses the DoUefy and
eentbiues along its right bank to (5 M.) BurrihaapX, (7 M.) Qtwen-
h€Un^ and (B^/s M.) SeiUhtim. It then crosses to the left bank. 10 V2 M.
Aue. — 12 m. Xasmtbiftery Fr. Maistvaua^ (1365 ft.; AdUr\ an old
town wlt]^ 3676 inhab., the principal place in the DoUtr-Tal, a
plotuiesque valley, with imposing ramifleationB.
From Masmilmster, via the BossbeK, to Thamn or &. Amarinj see p. 854.
— About IVt M. to the 8. of Masm&ter lies the popular ScMmmel Inn
(1706 ft.). .
23*
356 RouU 45. BBUCHSAL.
13»/4 M. Nitderhruch; 16 M. Kirchherg, — I6V4 M, Oherbruek
(Stemsee), at the entrance to a side-yalley on the N., the load
throogh which leads to (IV2 M.) Bimhach (Krone).
From Eimbach we may aseemd to the Sterntu (p. 365) in li/t hr.
171/2 M. Sewen (Krone, yery fair j Hirgch), the terminus of the
line and the hest starting-point for the ascent of the Welsche Belchen
(374 hrs.). A guide-post beside the church, 1/2 M. from the station,
indicates the path.
yfe cross the Seehcteh and follow the road ascending on the right
hank, which leads past the Sewensee (1645 ft.) to the (1 hr.) Alfeld-
see. Half-way a iOinger-post indicates the path to the right over the
stream to the Hoklenbachfalle^ where some glacier cauldrons are to
he seen. The Alfeldsee (1968 ft. ; inn at the keeper's), the largest
of the reservoir-lakes in the Yosges (24 acres), occupies a lonely
situation. We go on by the road on the S. side of tiie lake until
we come to (^/^ M.) an ascending path on the left. In I8/4 hr. more
we reach the ridge, which forms the frontier (French custom-house),
and strike, on the French side, the highroad that runs from Belfort to
St. Maurice, following it past the (8/4 M.) H6tel du Ballon (very fair;
D. 4 fr.) to the (1 M. more) Auberge ci la Frohtiere, Here we turn
to the right Across meadows and ascend in 10 min. to the top of the
Welsche Belchen or Ballon d* Alsace (4083 ft). The view (mountain
indicator) is magnificent, especially in the direction of Belfort; to
the N.W. It is somewhat limited hy the Ballon de Servance (3900 ft.),
which is strongly fortified.
From the Welsche Belchen a route leads along the crest of the hill to
the dairy of Ohere Btr* and thd Sterntee-Batta (p. 366). — From the
cu8tom*house (see above) a path leads to the S. along the ridge past the
frontier-stones to the frimoni (3670 ft.), thence to the E. by the Fenne'
mattkopf (3478 ft.) and the Barenkop/ (8518 ft.) to (3V2 ^rB.) a finger-post
near the Sudel (3000 ft.). We may descend thence via St&cken to (2V4 b?s.)
Masmilinster (p. 356).
45. From Heidelberg to Baden.
56V2 M. Railway In iV4-3V4 hrs. (fares 7 •# 40, 4 UT 90, 3 JT 20 jpf. 5
express, 8 •# 40, 6 UK, 4 Jl 20 pf.). Carriages generally changed at Ooh^
the junction for Baden.
Heidelberg J see p. 266. ^1/2 M.Jf ircfcfccim; 3Y2M.I/Cfm<m/ 5M.
8t. Ilgeni Q^/^U.WaUdorf-Nussloch. 8M. Wiesloch, junction for local
railways to Meckeshelm (12 M.; p. 276) and WaldangeUoch (10 M.).
The village is 8/4 M. from the line. — 12 M. Rpih-Malsch; laiVjzM.-
Mingolsheim, Before reaching Langenhrilcken, we pass, on the right/
Kislau^ formerly a hunting-seat of the Prince-Bishops of Speyer, and
now a penitentiary. 15 M. Lan^mBrucfeen (360 ft. lOchs; Sonne), t
small village with sulphur-haths (Amalienhad); 171/2 VbstadU
20^2 M. Bmchsal. — Hotels. HdTSt Ekllkb, near the station, B.
2-8, B. »^UK; H6tbl Post, Kaiser-Str., with wine-restaurant, very fair. —
Kestkurants. •Railway Restaurant^ at the back of the station 5 ffohenegger.
— Local Railwayg to several places in the environs.
DURLACU. 45. Route. 357
BruchBol (370 ft.), a town with 14,930 inhab., was once the
residence of the Bishops of Speyer. Turning to the left from the
station we follow the Bahnhof-Str. to the right and then the Schloss-
Str. to the left and in 1/4 hr. reach the *Schlo88, built in 1722-70
(restored in 1904) by J. B. Neumann (architect of the Wiirzburg
Palace) with a fine staircase, state apartments in the most elegant
rococo style, adorned with stucco-ornamentation by J. M. Feicht-
meier and frescoes and oil-paintings by Zick, and an old garden. The
Church of St. Peter contains the burial-vault of the last bishops. —
Bruchsal is the junction for the Wurtemberg line ; comp. Baedekei^s
Southern Oermany,
FaoK Bruges AL to Gebmbbshsim, 16 M., railway in 'U-U/t br. (fares
2 Ur 80, 1 Ur 90, 1 ur 20 pro. SUtions : 2Vt M. Karlsdor/; 5Vt M. Oraben-
yeudorf (p. 280) j 8V» M. Huttenheim; 11 M. Philippihurg; 13 M. Rheinthtim.
The train then crosses tbe Rhine. — 16 M. Oermersheim, see p. 800.
On the Michaelsberg , near (2372 M.) Unter-Orombachy stands
the old MichaeU'Kapelle (855 ft; restaurant and view). On a hill
near (26 M.) Weingarten rises the tower of the ruin ot Schmalenstein.
31 M. Dnrlaeh (380 ft. ; KarUhurg / Amalienbad, 1/4 M. from the
station), a small town with 12,700 inhab., the residence of the Mar-
graves of Baden-Durlach from 1565 to 1715, was almost entirely
burned down by the French in 1688. The Turmberg (840 ft.; cable-
railway to the summit) commands a splendid view.
From Darlach to HeUbronn, see Baedeker'i Bouthem Qermcwy.
Fbom Dublaoh to ProBZHBiM, 16 M. ; thence to Wilde ad, 14 Vs M .
more. Railway to Wildbad in 2^ hrs. (fares 4 UT 40, 8 UT, IJT 90 pt). —
The train traverses the fertile valley of the PJint. 1 M. QrOttingtn; 8 M.
Btrghau»0n; iVt M. SOllingenf 6 M. OeinttBinbach ; V/t M. Wil/erdingen
(Krone); 9>/s M. Kdnigsbaeh; 12 M. Ersiugen; 18Vs M. I$priugen.
16 M. Pfonheim (618 ft.; Railway ReHaurant; HdUl ItUemaHonal^ Po$t^
Scfiiearter Adler. Ooldener Adler^ all four near the railway-station j Hydro-
pathic, pens. 8-6 UlOi a thriving manufacturing town, with 59,300 inhab.,
lies at the confluence of the Enty the WHitn, and the NagQld. The manu-
facture of gold and silver wares carried on here employs upwards of 12,000
workmen. Close to the station is a monument to the Emperor William I.
The ScMoukirehe (12-16th cent.) contains a number of monuments of
the Margraves of Baden of the 16th century. In the Earl-Friedrich-Str.
ifl a Statue of Margrave Ernest (1635-58) , the founder of the now extinct
Baden-Durlach-Emestine family. — From Pforzheim to Wildbad vi4 the
BIlcTieiibronner HOhe (2004 ft.) 6V2hrs.£ beginning of the so-called ^Hohen-
weg* (p. 891). — Light railway from Pforzheim to Oarlsruhe, see p. 859. —
A branch-line connects Pforzheim with Miihlacker, where it joins the
Bruchsal line to Stuttgart. — Railway to Oalw, Tubingen, and Constance,
see Baedeker** Southern Qermany.
The Wildbad Bailwat continues to follow the pleasant, grassy valley
of the Ensy which now contracts. 18 M. BrOttingen; 19V4 M. Birken/eld,
22Vt M. NeuenbiiTf (Bdr; Sonne)y a picturesquely-situated little town,
is commanded by a ScMoe* (now occupied by public offices), erected in
1668 by Duke Christopher of Wurtemberg, on a wooded height encircled
by the Enz. Adjoining the Schloss is a ruined castle called the Frueht-
epeichery with Boman (?) foundation-walls.
The train crosses the Enz, passes under the Schlossberg by a tunnel,
and again crosses the stream. 26 M. Rothenibachy with a large saw-mUl.
261/3 M. m/en; diligence daily in summer to Herrenalb (12 M.j p. 892).
28»/i M. CaUnbaeh (Sonne, very fair, E. l-lVi, B. •/« UT).
358 Route 45, WILDBAD. From Etiddherg
SO^/t V. WUdbAd. ~ HotBLa. *R<^<a BtOh Boiel (PL a), ^ilk llll, B.
3f/r6i/.>iV "■ -
^^\
Sdui ^kffer (PI. i,)\ E. a4V«» B. l/b. 2, pene. 6-8 MV GraS EberJutrd,
Kur Piatz) Qoldener Ochi (PI. f)\ Goldenes Rois. — PemUm Villa M<mUUUo^
with depend a nces, dVs 9vs UK. There are also many hdtels gamis and
lodgings. — yUihri' Tax^ 4 •# per week, 12 M for toxa weeltf. — Pomi
OfJlc9 at the station. — Sngli$h Church Bervioe^ see below.
WUdbad (1475 ft.), a much-fpeqnented watering-place with 3720 inhab,,
lies, in the pine-clad ravine of the JItef, on both siiies of the stream. Tlie
principal street, the bath-eitablithments, and the hoteU are on the right
bank; the railway-station lies on the other bank, at the V. or lower eokd
of the town. In the Kus-Platz rise the JRopal Bath Botel or Kurhaua^
with restaurant and the large Baih Houte. The slightly, alkaline thermal
springs (94-180" Fahr.), which are beneficial in cases of goat and rheu-
matism, rise immediately from the sand in the baths for each sex, capabla
of containing 20 persons each (IVs Jt: 90 private baths, 2 Jt). Annual
number of patients about 13,000. From beside the Eaiharintusiifii or bath
ft>r the poor, a bridge leads to the KOftig-Xari-Bad, a domed straetare i»
the Benaissance style, with readiog-rooms and accommodation for 17 bathers.
Adjacent is an elegant iron Trinkhalle (with music-pavilion), and farther on
is a small Th$air§. The Bnglish Church is open for service duriae ^^* season.
Walks and pleasure-grounds extend on both sides of the river; on the 8.
(upper) side of the village, past the Roman Catholic church, as far as t3iei
(1 M.) Windhof^ a eaf^, and on the D. side, opposite the lailway-statlon, to
the much-frequented garden-restauraat *Zum XUhUn BruiMeu\
ExGCBsioNS. A road ascends the valley of the Ens, passing (3 M.) the
KOiher-MUhlc, where there Is a large pumping-station supplying water to
no less than 50 communities in this part of the Black Forest, to (7Vs M.)
Entklditerle (p. 898; Waldhom) and (3 M.) €fomp«IseAe««r (Lamm), and thence
to (17 M.) Freudenstadt (p. 412). — From the fidtel Bellevoe we may aseend
(Hdhenweg, p. 391) via the Fitnf BUume to the (2Vs hrs.) FtMses, which
tradition has peopled with water^prites, and thence proceed to the (*/« hr.)
shooting-lodge of Kaltenbvonn (2820 ft. : fair inn : oarriage>rOad to Reicheathal.
p. 886), and the (Vs hr.) Eohloh (8250 ft. ; view-tower). The descent via
the Latschiff to Forbach Q^i 387) takes 2 hrs. -- By the (4Vs M.) JSyach-MUhU
to (2V4 M.) Doha (p. 382) and (3 M.) Eerrenalby see p. 882.
Beyond Dnrlach, on the right as we approach Oarlsruhe, is
Schloas Qotteaaue (jp. 364).
341/2 M. Carlsruhe, see below. The throttgli-trains t« Switzer-
land generally stop here for dinner. Railway beyond Oarlsruhe,
Bee p. 366.
CarlftUlie. — The Railway Station (Pl. E, 3; Restaurant, D. 2Vs •#)
is on the 8. side of the town. On the W. side of the town there is a
small station ('Milhlburger-Tor' ; PI. B, 2) for the trains to Haxau (p. 365)
and the local trains to Leopoldshafen and Graben-lTeudorf.
Hotels. Ifear (/is Station: *Gkbmania (PI. a*, D, 3), at the comer of
the Krieg-Str. andKarl-Friedrich-Str., R. from 3, B. 11/4, D. atlp.m.8»/«,
pens, from 1% Jf; •Victokia (PI. i*, E, 3), Krieg-Str. 22. — Mokopol (PI. m •,
E, 3); FaiEDEicH8-Hor (PI. e; D, 3), Karl-Friedrich-Str. 7, very fair; H6tkl
LUTZ (PI. Ij E, 8)-, GBewEB Hop (PI. d; E, 3), very fair; National (PL n;
E, 8), all these also in the Krieg-Str., near the station \ Lbicht (PI. o ; D, E,3)r
KreuB-Str. 19. — In the Town: ♦HdTBt Obossb (PL c; D. 2), in the Markt-
Platz, with electric light and hot-air heating, B. from 2I^, B. 1, D. 8, pens.
6-10 Ul; Ebbpbinz (PL b; D, 2), Kaiser-Str., with caf6, very fairj Gozj>intB
Adleb (PL f-, D, 8), Karl-Friedrich-Str. 22; R0TB8 Haus <P1. g-, D, 2),
Wal4-Str. 2, not far from the theatre, weU spoken of. — 9«teU Oandf,
ffllJn:,^^ -■:
[^ Mwiia.alonTn£^
,^f^^'-'\ -i^^-V-: ■■■•■,■ ■■ '■■■■n i^^^l
^LL^ -^^r
.ii«&..ii.
'1
1 Bau^artrifj'^Srliu.lM M 1 '
nenkmilvr:
4 JMf/ D 1
13 jPetUnfcjosRf I> 3 I
£{>5pltalrr :
IS Stdjhiii^us H. H :
Kirch en -
18 £arftat.STxi^i -K. D !
19 IZfim^ Jt ' D ;
ZuSrhliUfx 1' D ;
Kunjtnia/ftiTtt'r in^u^i B!
MiiUatFrien J}
I'aiais dfs Z+fiu. WilJtrJm D
■^fini/tar f C I
r — C^r+*.c — ^*^.^,_r n
3 —
to Baden. ^ GARLSRUHE* 46. Route. 359
Pake Hotb'l (PI. p ; D, E, 3), Krenz-Str. 37, with caf^-restaurant t Tanh-
HAU8EB (PI. h} 0, 2), Kai86r-Str. U6, B. 11/2-3, B. 1 Jf.
BMtaaraati. *Erbpring^ see p. 968; M&ninger^ Eaiser-Str. 142; Kroiodil
(PI. K; 0, 3, 3), Ludwiga-Plata, D. iy^-l^l^Jf; Friedrichs-Sof, see p. 358;
Siadt'Oarten, D. 2-3 UT, see p. 384; KHhUrSrug, Bannwald-AU^e , to the,
W. oatside Ihe town. — wine. Ratskettm', Lamm-Str., below the Cafe
Bauer; Vier Jahretzeitm, Hebel-Str. 21; Rodensteinery Uerren-8tr. Iti. —
Oefe. Cafi-Rettaurant Bauer^ Lamm-Str. 7d (PI. D, 2, 3).
Xleotric Tramways. From the railway-station to the market-place, etc. ;
to the Durlacher-Tor, etc.; through the Kaiser-Str., etc.; comp. ihe Plan.
Steam Tnunwaya. 1. From the Meu-Platt (PI. D, 3 Jl) via Ettlingen (p. 366)
to Htrrtnalb (p. 892) or to Pforzhekn (p. 367). — 2. Through the Krteg-Str.
(PI. B-E, 3) to (9Vt M.) DurmershHtn on the W., or to the £. past the Dur-
lacher Tor to (10 M.) SpOck.
Gabe. To or firom the station, 1 pars. 60, 2 pers. 80 pf., 3 pers. 1 Jf,
4 pers. 1 •# 20, eaeh package of luggage 20 pf. — Drives wiiMn the town:
one-horse, 1-2 pers. for V4 hr. 50, 3-4 pers. 70 pf. ; for V« hr. 1 •# or 1 Uif
20 pf. ; two-horse 80 pf., 1 UT, 1 •# 30, 1 Ulf 70 pf. — After dusk 10 pf.
more for ei^b V^^'i double fares from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. (in winter 7).
Poet ft Telegraph Office (PI. 80; C, 2), Eaiser-Str. 217.
Theatres. Court Tluatre (PI. 12 ; D, 2), five times a week. The theatre
is closed from July to September. — Bummer TJieatre in the 8tadt-Garten
(p. 364). — Ooloueum^ Wald-Str. 16, a Tariety -theatre. — Badi«cher
XunatTereiii (PI. 22, D, 2; Art Union) containing a collection of modem
pictures, chiefly by artists of Carlsruhe (open daily, 11-1, and on Sun.,
Wed., A Sat. 2-4; 80 pf.).
Bathe. 8Uidt%$che» Vierordtsbad (PL D, 4), with large swimming-bath;
Friedricksbad^ Kaiser-Str. 136, with swimming-bath. — In the Rhine^ at
Maxau (p*. 366), to which special trains conVey bathers in summer.
Britiih Ohargi d* Affaires, A, C, Grtmt-Duff^ Esq.
English Ohuroh Benrioe in the Old Catholic Church, Hiihlburg-Tor,
foHnighUy at 11 a.m.
Carlsruhe (380 ft.), tbe capital of the Giand-Duchy of Baden
(111,200 inbab., induing Mithlburg^ p. 365, and a garrison of
4000 men), situated 6 M. from the Rhine, on the W. outskirts of the
Hardtwald, owes 'its origin to the Margrare Charles William of
Baden-Durlach (1709-38), who transferred his residence hither from
Durlach in 1715 (oomp. p. 857). The plan of the old town re-
sembles a fan, the streets radiating from the palace, but the wide
new streets on the W., S., and E. are less regular in plan. The im-
portance of Carlsruhe as an industrial town has increased yery rapidly
since 1870, its principal manufactures being engines and railway-
carriages, furniture, and plated goods.
The development of modem German architecture may be very dis-
tinctly traced in Carlsruhe. The palace and the other older buildings are
in the French style prevalent at the beginning of the 18th century. The
structures of the next period exhibit the simple and harmonious classical
forms introduced by Friedrich Weinbrenner (1766-1826), an architect who
received his training in Borne. His principal successors were H€tb»ch (1795-
1863) and BUeniokr CL8^&4), who erected many handsome buildings in the
modem Bomanesque (round-arched) style, and long determined the tone
of Carlsrohe architecture. The stately edifices erected in recent years by
BerckmUller (d. 1879) and Durm form a fourth period, together with the
still more modem buildings (in the Eaiser-Str. and elsewhere) by Cvrjel A
Moier, BilUnff^ RaUel^ and others.
The Behool of Arty founded at Carlsruhe In 1868, has contributed not
a little to the development of the German school of landscape-painting.
Its first director was the classical painter J. W, ScMrmer (1807-63), of Dftsael*
S60 fioute 45, QARLSRUHE. From midelber^
dorf, a dis^ple of Lesaing, who wm succeeded t>7 E. Gudt, The present
director is Hatu Thflma (b. 1839).
The railway-station is situated outside the former EttUnger-
Tor (PL D, 3). Near it are a hronze statue of Winter (PI. .6j
d. 18o8), the minister, designed by Reich, a War MomAmtnt (PI. 5)
in memory of 1870-71, by Volz, and other monuments.
At the entrance to the KAEL-FKiBDBicH-STitAssB (PI. D, 3, 2),
which extends hence northwards to the palace (3/4 M.), stands a hand-
some Fountain (Pi. 25). In the Rondel-Platz, farther on, rises an
Obelisk (* Verfassungssaule' ; PI. D, 3), with a medallion of Grand-
Duke Charles (1811-18); on the right is the Jlfar^ave's Palace^ by
Weinbrenner. Farther on to the right is the Landes-Oewerbehalle
(PL 23); admission daUy, except Mon., 10-12 (on Sun. 11-12) and
2-4. Adjoining, at the comer of tbe Hebel-Str., is the Bezirks-Amt
(PL 11), built in 1897-98.
On the left side of the Mabkbt Placb (PL D, 2) is the Town
Hall (PL 31), built in 1821, in front of which are two colossal bronze
figures of Baden and Oarlsruhe, by Hlrt (1900). On the right is the
Protestant Church (PL 17), with a Corinthian portico, the burial-
church of the grand-ducal family. Both these edifices are by Wein-
brenner. The fountain with a Statue of the Grand -Duke Lewis
(1818-30 ; PL 3), by Raufer, is to be replaced by an equestrian
statue of Margrave Charles William (p. 359), whose grave is marked
by the Pyramid (PL 7) to the N. of it. At this point the Karl-
Friedrich-Str. is intersected by the Kaisbe-Strassb (PL B-F, 2),-
one of the main arteries of traffic, flanked with handsome modern
houses and attractive shops, and running through the centre of the
town from E. to W.
In front of the palace, in the centre of a square embellished
with gardens and fountains , is a bronze Statue of the Orand-Duke
Charles Frederick (PL 2; d. 1811), by Schwanthaler (1844), with
allegorical figures of the four former diTisions of Baden at the
corners.
The Palace (PL D, 1), erected in 1750-82 from L. Betlfs designs,
is in the form of a semicircle , and surmounted by the BUiturm
(135 ft.), which affords an extensive view. The interior is shown
by the castellan (gratuity). — The E. wing contains the Zdhringen
Museum (PL 27; D, 1), a collection of art-objects and curiosities
connected with the ducal house (adm. May, June, and Sept. daily,
11-1), and also the Ducal Stables (open 12-4).
On the W. side of the Schloss-Platz is the Court Theatre (PL 12),
erected in 1851-53, by Hubsch, The reliefs in the pediment are
by Reich.
Arched passages in the wings of the Schloss lead to the Palace G^arden
(PI. D, 1), embellished with fountains, sculptures, etc. Among the sculp^
tores are a small monument to Sebet (PI. A : p. 481) and a group of Her-
mann and Dorothea. The garden extends into the MarcUwald (p. 864) and
he WadrFeffk,
to Baden, CARLSRUHE. 45, Route. 361
Behind the Court Theatre ia the Botanic Oarden (PI. D, 1, 2; closed
on Sat. and Son., and from 12 to 2 on other days), with a WinUr OarUn
(PI. 43; open on Mon., Wed., and Frid., 10-12 and 2-4).
Adjacent Is the ♦Hall of Art (PI. D, 2), built by Hiibsch (1836-45)
in the modern Romanesque style, with a new wing (1896) by Durm,
The entrance Is in the Linkenheimer-Strasse. The sculptures at
the entrance are by Reich ; those on the rear-facade by Ad, Beer,
The collections are open to the public on Wed. and Sun. (also Frid.
in summer), 11-1 and 2-4 j at other times fee 60 pf. — The paintings
are arranged in schools ; catalogue 60 pf. Director, Hans Thoma.
Ground Floor. Eztenfive collection of ca«t«, some modem models and
original works.
Staircase. Ftescoes by Schwind (1840): Consecration of Freiburg Cath-
edral by Buke Conrad of Zahringen. — The allegorical paintings in the
lunettes are by Soimind and OUi^ianf: that in the middle represents Art
protected by the Church and State.
First Floor. Fibst Cobsidoi^ (to the right): Early. G^erman Schools
(16-16th cent.). Keht Wall: aboye, Mtattcher, 32. Death of the Virgia, 83.
Crucifixion (ca. 1460; ; 44. Bart. Zei(blom, Priest bestowing the blessing;
above, 48. Upper Swabian JSchool, 'Landenherg Altar' (ca. 1500), with Crud-
flzion in the centre and SS. Pelagius and Conrad at the sides: B. Strigelj
60. Mocking of (Christ, 59. Pietk; 97. ffam von Eulmbachy Winged altar-
{•iece, with four saints in the centre, and on the sides the massacre of
0.000 Cniristians by King Sapor of Persia (after Diirer) and the miraculous
raising of a dead man to life; 84. Sch&t^/elin. Crucifixion (1615); 153. B. van
OrUfft Winged altar-piece, a late work-, 158. If. Neuehatelt Portraits of a
married couple (1572j.
Passing through Cabinet 1, in which are pictures by Ad. Elsheimer,
L. Oranaeh the Elder, De Vos, and ff. Holbein the Younger (67. Erasmus),
we enter —
CABonr 2, containing some of the finest examples of the early-Oerman
school: *994, ^9^. M. GrUnewaid, Oacifixion, Bearing of the Cross, from
the church at TauherbischofshelAi ; 36. M. BcMngoMery Coronation of the
Virgin; Holbein ihe Younger, 64. Bearing of the Cross (with numerous fleures,
painted in 1515 in his father's studio), 65. St. Ursula. 66. St. Qeorge (1522);
Mane Baldmg Orien^ 87. Margrave Christopher I. or Baden, 83. Marsrave
Christopher I. and his family kneeling before the Virgin ind St. Anna (1511),
90. St. Joseph and the Madonna (fragment of an Adoration of the Child ;
1539); 130. O. Peneg, Veit Hirschvogel the Younger, glass-painter of Kurem-
berg (1545).
SooM I. Mainly Ketherlandiah works of the 17th century. To the right :
499, 498, 496, 497. /. S. Chardtn, Still-Ufe. — 345, 346, 3U. M. d'Hondecoeter,
Poultry; ^,376. Rachel Rupseh, Still-life; *QSS. Renibrandt, Portrait of
himself (ca. 1645); 350. W. van AeUt, Still-Ufe : 259. Pieter de JJoocA, Woman
and girl in a room overlooking a garden; 363. /. D. de Heem, Still-life;
335. /. van Ruyedael^ Wood-scene; l86. /. Jordaent, Moses smiting the rock;
301. Ectrel du Jctrdin^ Shepherdess ; 270. P. van Slingelandt, Domestic scene ;
^260. Jan Steen. YoMng couple in a garden ; *261. Gabriel Meteu, Declaration
of love (166T); 269. P. van Slingelandf, Domestic scene ; 264. Ca^ar Neteeher,
Death of CJleopatra (1673); *235. Barth. van der HeUt, Young couple (1661);
495. Chardiny Orange-tree ; 193. D. Teniere the Younger, Peasant-scene.
Boom II. French, Italian, and Spanish Schools. To the right: 468.
Pha. de Champaigne, Portrait (1668); 409. Lor. di Credi, Holy Family; 449.
Mieh. Angelo da Caravaggio, Laughing toper ; 460. Salvator Rosa, Landscape;
*416. Ane. Feuerbaeh, Small copy of Titian's Assumption at Venice. — 473.
ilT. LargillUre, Mme. Adelaide of France (daughter of Louis XV.) as Flora.
Cabinet 3. Left end* wall : 408. Ficeolo da Foligno, Crucifixion, with
Pope Gregory the Great helow (1468; firom a church-banner); •404. Vittore
PUano, Adoration of the Holy Child; 479, 480. Pr. Bouehery Pastoral scenes;
483. Oreuze Louis XVI. ; 188. Jacque* Fouqwier, View of Heidelberg (1620).
362 Route 45.
OARLSBUHE.
From Heiddberg
Oabxrt 4. Dutch w«r1u (17th Mnt.). To the light: 26B. Getard
J)9u^ Eepentant Mftgdalen. Works by Jart vam dtr Nur, Adr. ea» 4e VeUk^
Jan WfnanUy Ad. Brouwtr (191. Dentist, 192. Slseping peasant), Adr, vam
Ottade (244, 245. Peasant-scenes, 247. Smoker, 248. Draught-players, 246.
Writer), O. Dou (*263. Cook at a window, 16(^, Fraiu van MiwU (he Elder
cm. Half-length portrait, early work), and D. Tmtiert the Tomnger (190.
Toper). — The following roonis contain the modem paintings.
Cabotbt 5. 872. Deikery ^i9%\RHf$tahl, 883. Forum
Bomanum, 8S4. Palms in Sicily ; 706. A. Aehetibaeh^ Winter
landscape. — Oabimbt 6. 525. W. Umdenechmtt the Elder^
Battle of the Teutobureian Forest; 789. J. A. Koeh,
Historical landscape; *25l. M. vom Sehteimd, Bitter Kurt's
Bridal Procession (Goethe), a humorous composition in
the old-Oerman manner, bearing the motto, *Wider-
sacher, Weiber, Schulden, ach ! kein Bitter wird sie los'
(Of foes, women, and debts, alas ! no knight can get rid) ;
2.
Cab.
— t-
Cab.y
— t JL
. Boom.
8. Gab.
I
I
II.
Boom.
First Corridor.
Staircase.
509. Overbeck^ Baising of Lazarus. — Gabxnbt 7. 585, 586. Frommel^ Water-
feOl at Triberg; 564. /. B. Eimer, Buitio scenes in this Black Forest; 588.
Frommel, Heidelberg.
Boom III. Rotimaim. 694. Lake Oopais, 695. DelOs^ 987. A. Aehenbaeh,
Norwegian landscape; 796. Fr. Adam, Horse-catching on the Pnshta; 6474
A. von Safer, Freiburg Cathedral.
Boom IV. 995.. i7. Thoma, Children dancing; 857. W. Vols, St. Cecilia;
998. EcmeUen^ Bucket-making in the Black Forest: 932. Poettetbergery The
farewell : 935. Count Kalkreuth, Cloudy weather ; 899 W. TrObmer, Animal
niece; 968. Em. Lugo^ The Titisee; H. Thoma, 933. The Bhine atS&ckingen,
986. The gardener.
Boom V. 574. Jtief^tahl, Funeral in Appenzell ; 771. Q. ManM>er^ Dutch
village jjr97. Fr. Defregger^ The young painter; 654. F. iOsKer, Margrave
Lewis William of Baden at the battle of Salankemen; 687. H. Qude^ Nor-
wegian harbour of refuge; 801. Fr. Kallmorgen, Inundation; 683. K. F.
Leering, Crusaders in the desert; 613-616. /. W. ^cAirmsr, Landscapes witt
the parable of the Qood Samaritan.
Boom VI. AnseUn Feuerbach, •560. Colossal figure of Poetrv (1856),
*551. Dante and the Ladies of Bavenna : 548. /. Scholtz, WaUenstein^s ban-
quet; 869. F. Keller, Emp. William 11; A. Feuerbach^ 649. Silenus and
Bacchus, 823. Flowers, 822. Portrait of himself ri878) , •818. Banquet of
Plato; *880. ff. BaUchy Bain on the Lower Bhine; 819. G. Schdnleber, Scene
on theKeckar; 874. L.Bokelmfiinn, Holstein village on fire; 836. B. Vcmtier^
A visit to the room of the quality; K. F. Leering, 636. Scene in the Har/^
634. Dispute between Luther Qeft) and Dr. Eck (right) at Lcipsic in 1619
iu presence of Duke George of Saxony and Prince Bamim of Pomerania;
969. L. Bill, Flooded sage- fields; 953. A. BUeklin, Poverty and Care. —
Passing through Corridor II we enter —
Boom VU. Nos. 790, 858, & 869 are watev-colours, Ulustrating the
tostumes of Baden peasants at the procession in honour of the silver-
to Baden. CARLSRUHB. 45. Route. 363
wedding of ^e Ofand-Duke Frederick (1881). and painted by Tiatini and
Jss§l, Oartoons by Schnorr von Carols/eld. — The Second Gobbidob contains
cartoons by U. von Behwind; 547. yiicher, Berthold III of Z&hringen at the
battle of the Adda \ 619. A. Aehenhach^ Steamer colliding with an ieeberg. •—
Oabinkts 8 dc 9. Drawings and sketches by /. A. Koch (866. Landscape with
figures by Carxtmu\ Boucher, A, Feuerbach, and M. von Schwind.
Thibd Cobkidob. Drawings by /. tT. Schirmer, W. Kaulbach, Schnorr
von Caroltfeld, Veit, Schwind, and Overbeck.
The Cabinet of Engbavinqs (open. Thurs., 10-12) contains Ham Sal-
dung Orients sketch-book, etc.
Near the Kan«thalle, in the Linkenfaelmer-Str., is one of the
entrances to the Botanie Garden (p. 361). Beside it is a colossal
bust of the architect Hubteh (p. o59). On the other side of the
street rises the handsome Court of JusUee (PI. 16 ; 0, 2), built by
Kircher. Opposite is a bronze Statue of Prinee William of Baden
(1829-97), by Volp.
Farther on, in the Bismabck-Stbasse, which diyerges to the
Uft, are the HeadquoHers of the XIV. Corps d'ArmSe (PI. 42 ; 0, 1).
— Two buildings at the W. end of the street contain the Sehool
of Art (PI. B, 2 ; see p. 359). In the Platz in front of it, a statae
of the poet Victor von Bcheffel (see p. 364), by Yolz, was erected in
1892. — The adjoining streets contain numerons handsome villas.
In the Moltke-Strasse are the Building School (PI. 1 ; 0, 1), the In-
dustrial School (PI. B, 1), with a mnseum (open Snn. 11-1, Tues.,
Wed., Thurs., & Frid. 10-1 and 2-4), the Cadet School (PI. A, 1),
and the Orenadier Barracks.
The Riefstahl-Strasse and the Westend-Strasse lead .to the S.
from the Moltke-Strasse, passing Christ Church (Prot.) and a Mon-
ument to Wilhelm Lubke (1826-93), the historian of art, to the
square in front of the Miililburger Tor , which Is embellished with
a bronze Equestrian Statue of Emp. William /., by Ad. Heer (1896).
— Near the Tor are the Old -Catholic Church of the Resurrection
(PI. A, B, 2), in the early-Gothic style, by SchSfer, the office of the
Carlsruhe Life Insurance Co., the Supreme Court (PI. B, 2), and
other public buildings. — We return to the Kaiser-Str. (p. 360)
and thence reach the Stephans-Platz , to the S. behind the large
Post Office (T>1. 30; C, 2). In the Platz is the Stephan Fountain
(1905), by Billing and Binz. Th© Douglas-Strasse, passing the
post-ofi^ce, leads to the N. to the Palais Print Karl, at the comer
of the Stephanien-Strasse. The Palais Prinz Max rises a few yards
to the £. , at the comer of the Akademie-Straase and Earl-Strasse.
The Fsibdaiohs-Platz (PI. D, 2, 3) is embellished with gar-
dens, fountains, and a marble group of Orestes and Pylades by
Steinhduser. On the N.W. side is tho Roman Catholic Church
(PI, 18; D, 2), built by Weinbrenner in the style of the Pantheon.
On the N. is a row of arcades and shops ; and on the £. side are the
Central Offices of the Baden Railways (Pi. 9 ; D, 8).
On th6 S. fide of the square it the ipiposing building of the
364 Route 45, GARLSRUHE. From Beidelberg
United Orand-Bneal ColleotionB (^Vereinigte Sammlungen; PI. 41,
D, 3), with its consplcuons central portion somewhat resemMing a
triumphal arch, erected by Berekmullcr in 1865-71. The four marble
figures are by SteinhSuser. The staircase is adorned with frescoes
by Keller and Qleichauf, Adm. firee on Sun. and Wed., 11-1 and
2-4 (antiquities also on Frid.) ; at other times for a fee (50 pt).
Obodnd Floob. At the foot of the staircase are a gilt statue of Jupiter,
from the Bastatt Palace, and a Renaissance fountain from Sulsburg (ca.
1600). Straight in front are the lai^er stone monuments and the stairs lead-
ing up to the library (see below). — In the E. wing (left) are the Mineralog'
icaly Qtologicaly and Zoological Collections. — In the W. wing (right) are
the Antiquarian, the Ethnotogical^ and the Mediaeval and Modem Art Cottec-
tiont. Boom I. Egyptian Antiquities. *Oreek Vases and Terracottas (good
catalogue). — Boom n. To tlie right and left of the entrance, Mithras Be-
liefs. Bronses, including Oreek and Btruscan *Armour, statuettes, mirror-
cases, etc. Marble Sculptures found in Italy (*Torso of Cupid). — Boom m.
Prehistoric*, Boman, and Alemannian Antiquities found in Baden. In the
second section, the JSthnological Collection (5000 objects). — Boom IV.
Collection of Weapons^ chiefly 'Turkish spoils of war captured by Margrave
Lewis William (p. 362). — Room V (a flight higher). Modem weapons.
Collection of Baden Costumet. — Book VI. Art-Induetrial Collection: stoye-
tiles , cabinets , musical instruments, churoh-utensils, carvings, and vest-
ments, glass-paintings, etc. } also coins and medals. — We return to the
vestibule, and thence enter a hall containing Roman and Mediaeval Stone
Monuments found in Baden.
The Library contains about 190,000 volumes and a handsome reading-
room (open Sun. il-i, week-days *l()-i & 6-8), and the Cabinet of Coins.
Behind the building just described lies the Erbprinten-Garten,
with a bronze group of nymphs by Weltring (1891). The Palaee of
the Crown Prince (PL 37; I), 3), in the Krieg-Str., was erected in
the late-Renaissance style by Durm in 1891-96. The facades, in
light greyish-green sandstone, are freely adorned with sculpture.
In the £. half of the Eaisbb,' Stbabse (p. 360), at the comer of
the Kronen -Str., rises the Synagogue (PI. 38; E, 2), built by
Durm in the Oriental style with Renaissance details. Farther to
the £. is the Polytechnio School (PI. K, 2), erected by Hubach
in 1836 and enlarged in 1863. This institution is the oldest of the
kind in Germany (founded 1825). Adjoining the main building
are the Auto, added by Durm in 1898 and adorned in the interior
by Schonleber, Heer, and others, and the EUctriCy Physical, and
Botanical Institutes. — At the end of the Ealser-Strasse is the new
Roman Catholic Church of St. Bernhardt by Meckel.
About 1/2 M. from the Durlacher Tor (tramway) is the Bchloii Oottesaue
(PI. G, 3), erected by Margraves Charles II. and Ernest Frederick in 1583-99
on the site of a Benedictine abbey dating from 1103. The interior has
been fitted up as an artillery-barrack. — To the K.E., the Kaiser- Wilhelm-
Str. leads from the Durlacher Tor to (V4 H.) the handsome Hew Oemetery,
in which reposd the statesman Karl Mathf (d. 1868) and the poet /. Victor
von Seheffely a native of Garlsruhe (1826-86).
Among pleasant resorts for walking are the ffardtwald (PI. A, B, G, 1);
the WHd-Parky tickets for which are obtained at the Hofzahlamt, Schloss-
Platz 1 (50 pf.); and the *8tadt- Garten (PI. D, 4, 5; adm. 80 pf.), beginning
beyond the Vierordtsbad <p. 350), with the Fest-Halle (^Bestaurant), several
not-houses, the Tiergarleny and the. Lauterberg ('View).
Fbom Caelsbohb to Landao, 35 M., railway in iVt h*. ^ IV4 M. MiM-
to Baden. RASTATT. 45. Route. 365
hurgerUtr. — 2Vs M. Miihlbnrg, with the River ffarhottr of Garlsnihe (1898-
1901 ; 48 acres in area), eonnected with the Rhine by a canal 2000 yds. in
length. — 4 M. Knxelingent 6^* H. Mazau {RMnitcher Eof; baths, see p. 369),
where the Rhine is crossed oy a bridge-of boats ; then Maximiliantau; 8 M.
Wdrth (p. ,800)5 12 M. Langenkandel ; 17 M. Winden. where the line joins
the Palatinate railway. — 25 M. Landau^ see p. 291.
On leaving Carlsiuhe, the train crosses a viaduct spanning the
Alb, the strategic railway to Rastatt, and a goods railway. To the
right are Beiertheim and the two towers of the church of Bulach.
38 Mi Bttlingen (Sonne, Htrach^ both very fair, with gardens ;
Krone) ^ with 8668 tnhab., possesses large shirting, velvet, and paper
manufactories (paper has been made here since 1482). A pretty
path leads hence vl& the Bedoute (1055 ft) to Schluttenbach (iiib ft)
and thence to the platform on the Steinig (1310 ft.: I3/4 hr.). Ett-
lingen is also a station on the Albtal railway (p. 392) and on the
light railway from Oarlsmhe to Pforzheim (p. 359).
393/4 M. Bruchhauscn. — From (43 M.) Mal$eh a picturesque
road leads to (9 M.) Herrenalb (p. 392), via FreioWieimf Mooshrunnj
and Berribach, — - 45V2 M. Muggensturm,
48V2 M. Sastatt (390 ft. ; Railway Hotel, at the station, 10 min.
from the town, R. 2-3, B. 3/4 jf ; Sohwtrt ; Kreuz, in the market-
place), a town with 14,000 inhab., burned by the French in 1689,
but soon afterwards rebuilt by the celebrated Imperial general Mar-
grave Lewis of Baden (d. 1707), was the residence of the Margraves
till the line became extinct in 1771. The large Palace is conspi-
cuous for its high tower.
In one of the apartments the peace between France and Austria, which
terminated the Spanish War of Succession, was signed on 6th May, 1714,
by Prince Eugene of Savoy and Marshal Villars. A congress held here
in 1797-99 between Austria and Germany on the one side and France on
the other led to no result, and at its close Roberiot and Bonnier,' two of
the French delegates, were barbarously murdered by Austrian hussars in
an adjacent wood, but at whose instigation it was never discovered. —
The Baden revolution began at Rastatt in 1849 with a mutiny of the sol-
diery, and it was also terminated here by the surrender of the fortress
to the Prussians after a siege of three weeks.
From Rastatt to. Gernabach and WeUenbach^ see pp. 396, 396} strategic
line to (kMrltruhe and Alsace^ see above.
The train now crosses the Murg, and reaches —
54 M. Ooi (410 ft ; Stem; Engel^y whencp a branch-line ascends
the Oostal, passing Badenseheuem, to (5672 M.) Baden.
366
46. Baden and Environs.
AniTftl. The Rau^wat Statiok (600 ft.; PI. A, 1), Is on ilie K.W.
tide of the town, 15-20 mis. from most of the hotels. PorUr from the
train to ft cab, 5 pf. for each article of Inggage ; for carrying a trunk into
the town 80 pf .. more than one 20 pf. each, light articles 10 pf. each \ after
11 p.m. 36, 30, 20pf. — Cab CAmMtom****; at the first exit on the left):
1/4 hr. for 1-2 pers. 70 pf., for 84 pers. 1 •# 20 pf. ; for V« hr. 1 «# 20 or 1 »#
00 pf. (to Lichtenthal 1 UT 40 or 1 UT 70 pf.^ after 9 p.m. i Jl 70, 2 Jf
90pf.);from 9 to 13 p.m., iJ^TO^ iUieO, lUTdO, and lurdOplj&om
midnightto&a.m.,l J|40, lUl 70, iur70, and2ur 20pf.; eachhox20pl —
Omnibus to Lichtenthal, see p. 368.
Hotels (generally good). Pension-ratet are granted ai all, exeept the
Hdtel Stepbaniet for a stay of some time. The larger houses are osuAlly
closed from Hot. until the beginning of March. — *H6tei. Stbpbamix (PI. b;
C, 4), two houses in an open situation on the right bank of the Oos, sur-
rounded with gardens-, 'Hotel db l'Eubopx (PI. f; B, 3), Kaisev>Allee 2,
in a fine situation opposite the Kurpark and the Trinkhalle, B. from 4,
B.lVt; D. 4Vs, pens. It-UUT; *HdTXi. Mxssmxb (PI. a; B,3), Wetder-Str.,
near the Conrersationshaus , with three d^pendances and a large garden,
B. 4-8, B. IVt, D. 41/z, pens. 1146^1; *H£txl Bboxxa, similarly situated,
with garden and d^pendance, B. from 4, D. 4Vs •# ; *HdTBL d^Amqlbtxrxb
(PI. e; C, 3}, Sophien-Str. 2, by the Promenaden-Briicke, with garden, B.
from 4, B. iVs, !>• 4Vs, pens, from 11 Jf; *Bxi.LXTUt (PI. d; O, 6), in an
open situation on the right bank of the Oos, with garden; *'ltxisxMTA (PI. e;
G, 4), similarly situated, B. 3-8, B. IVsj D. 4, pens, from 9 Ul; *Codx db
Bade (PI. n ; B, 2), Lange-Str. 47, at the entrance to the town, with baths
and garden, open in winter ailso: *H6tb]:, db Bdbbib (PL k; B, 2), Kaiser-
All^ 4, with garden, B. 4-12, B. IVz, D. 6, pens, from 10 J$; *Hdnu. dm
HoiXANDB (PI. h \ G, 3), Sophien-Str. 14. with the dtfpendance PmHon Beatuf'
jour (PI. i; C, 3), B. from 3, pens, from 10 •#; •Viotowa (PL g; C, 8),
Leopolds-Plate, eomfortable, but not showy. — *HdnEL m Feavox (PI. 1;
B, 2), Luisen-Str. 32, with garden, open in winter also, B. 2i/r6, B. 1V«,
D. 8V«i pens, from SJt. — ♦Park Hotel, Premersberg-Str. 2, overlooking
the Lichtenthaler All^e, B. 3-8, B. IV4, D. 3Vs. pens, from 9 Jf: *Z1huhobr
HoF (PI. m ; B, 2), Lange-Str. 46, with baths and large garden, B. 2i/s-6,
B. 11/4, D. 3vs, pens. 6Vs-12 Jt. All the above are of the first class, with
lifts, electric light, and other modem conreniences.
The. following houses are somewhat less expensive: *H6tbl HxxeoB
(PI. t ; B, G, 2) , Hirsch-Str. 1 . with baths and lift , open in winter also,
B. 2V2-4V«, B. 1, D. 3, pens, from 1% Jt. — *Tbbminvs (PI. o; A, 1), B.
2»/»-6, B. 1, pens. eVt-9Ul; •Ville db Badb (PI. pj A, 1), B. %A, B. 11/4,
D. 3, pens. 6-8 Jt; Batrischxr Hor (PI. q\ A, 1), Lange-Str. 90, wi(h
restaurant, garden, and covered terrace, B. 2^JrSy B. 1, D. 2>/s, pens.
6-8 Ul; these three are near the station and convenient for passing travw
ellers. *PBTBR8BUsaKX Hor (PI. s ; O, 3), Gernsbacher-S<r. 12, with restau-
rant; *Dkbi KCniob (PI. u; C, 3), Lange-Str. 11, with Mstaurant and
covered terrace; *Dbut80Hxx Hof (PI. v; B, 2), Lange-Str. 60, with restau-
rant, B. 2-3V», B. 1, D. 2i/j, pens. 6Ya-7»/j Jl; 'Stadt Paris (PL «; C, 3),
Sophien-Str., near the Fijedrichsbad, with lift, B. from 4, B. O/t, iD. 0,
pens, from 11 UK; *Stai>t Strassbdbo (PL w: G,-3), Sophien-Str. 2o, with
restaurant and covered terrace, B. 2>/s-4, B. 1, pens. 7-10 Jff ^BSmsbbad,
Bader-Str. 1, B. 2i/2-3V>) B- ^i !>• 8, pens. 6-8Vs Jtf Stablbad, Lichten-
thaler-Str. 27, B. 1V4-3, B. V4, pens, from 6 Jt; Gbbmahia (PL y; G, 4),
Ludwig-WUhelm-Platz, B. 2-6, fi. 1, pens. 6-9 Jf; MOllbr, Lange-Str. 84,
B. 24, B. 1, D. 2V4i pens, from 6Ul, well spoken of; Ooldbbbs Einhobn,
Lange-Str. 7, with beer and wine restaurant, B. 2-8, B. 1, D. IV4 A 2Vt)
pens. 6V2-7Vs Jf, well spoken of. — Gbntral Hotbl, Jewish, B. 2>/t-6 Jf.
Among the less pretentious hotels may be mentioned: Book (PL B;
B, 2), Lange-Str. 46, B. lV«-2Vs, pens. 41/1-6 Jfi Baldbbit, Ktifer^tr. 6,
near the market-place, with baths ; Salmbv, L6wb, Gbist, all in the Qems-
bacher-Str.; Stadt Garlsrdhb, corner of Baldreit-Slr. and Btitten-fitr. «
PtacHcal Notes, BADEN. 46. Route. 367
Stbbh, Kiifer-Str. 2? QntvKR Baum, M»rkt-Plate 23, B. 1V2-2V*, B. V4,
D. at 12.30 p.m. 2Vs» penB. ii/s-dUT; Ross, al»o in the Mnkt-Platz ^ Stadt
Kaitot, Sophien-Str. 22; Bahnhofs-Hotbl, with garden.
Outside the town : Fuxsenwald, Werder-Str. 20, on the Beutig, Obbtbl
(a sanatorium), *Kai8KBik Elisabbth, and Hdx, Rxstaubant Panobama,
Lichtenthaler All^e 18 (R. 2-5, B. 1, d^j. 2V2, D. 3-5, pens. 6-10 Jt; iarge
garden), see p. 873; B5tel Eoebmattpelskn , HOtel Fb6h, see p* 877;
*EuBHA08 SoHiBMHor, Well-managed, R. 2i^6, B. 1, D. 8, S. 2, pens, from
6 Ul. — Pbnsioit Waldknbck, Fremersberg-Str. 40, R. 2-3, D. 2Vj, pens.
6-7 ur. — GuNZBNBACHBE HoF (Pl. C, Q), R. 2»/a-3i/2, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 6-8 UT,
see p. 873. — Zub MoBGsimdTB and W aldbohl688chbn, see p. 376. — Inns
at Lichtenthaly see p. 878.
Pensioiu. JUeeluMM^ Lichtenthaler Allee 6 (pens- 6-10 Jt) ; AUen, Seufzer-
Allee 2(6-10,J); Villa Bellavista, Tburg-Str. 19 (6V2-9ur); BlOcher, Gems-
bacher-Str. 90 (5-7 U>); Chandon^ Werder-Str. 16 ^ FUrst BUmarck, Bis-
marck-Str. U (OVr^Vs Jf)\ Ohver, Bismarck-Str. 8 (61/2-IO Jl)i ffeeter,
Moltke-Str. 3 (5V»-7Va UT); Hohemtein^ Friesenberg-8tr. 4 (6-10 UT); J&ger,
Friesenberg-Str. 2 (5-8 j$) : KaUnder, Kronprinsen-Str. 2 (R. 2Vr5^/t, B. 1,
pens. 7-10 UD; Klott, Sophien-Str. 38 (pens. 5-8 J0\ LuittnhOhe (Bazoch$)^
Werder Str. 12 (B. 8-10, pens. 8-16 Ul); Mangin, Luisen-Str. 20 (pens, from
8 Jf)\ Vitta MarguerUe, Seufzer- Allee 6 (pens. 5-8 Jf)\ VUla ifonbO'ou^
Werder-Str. 18 (6-10 Ul); JTo^sf, Luisen-Str. 22 j Schneider^ Schiller-Str. 11,
near the Lichtenthaler Allee; Fo2«, Scbloss-Str. 11a (from IV2 •^I* — Sana-
toria. QuUiidna (Dr. Bnumg&rtner). Bismarck-Str. 15 (R. & A. 2-12, board
SUl); Dr. EmmerichU SanatoHum, Qaettig-Str., for nervous patients; 8ana-
torium of Dr. Frey^ Lange-Str., for hefrrtand nervous patients \ Dr. Bttrger^s
Sanatorium^ Maria- Viktoria-Str. 10, for internal complaints; Dr. EbartU
Sanatorium (Friedrichshohe), Bernhard - Str. 32, pens. 8-15 J(f Ludwig-
WilMlm-SHft (pens. 5-6 Jf)^ see p. 370. — Swedish Medical Gpmnasiice
(Kellgren System), Maria- Viktoria Str. 5.
Bestaurants. In addition to the above-mentioned hotels : * Conversations'
haus, of the first class, D. 4V'r7 Jl (wine, etc.. cheaper at the uncovered
tables) i •C^/V Palais^ in the former Palais Hamilton (PI. C, 8 ; p. 872), with
beautiful garden, also of the first class; *Mangin. Luisen-Str. 20 (see above);
"Ooldenes Kreuz^ Llchtentbaler-Str. 18, popular, D. lVi-2U>; Zur Post, Lich-
tenthaler-Str. 4 ; Bcmriseher Hef (see above) ; KroiodU, Miihlengasse 4, be-
tween Kos. 25 and 27 in the Lange-Strasse, very fair, D. V/f2 jB; Stadt
Strassbvrg (see above); Bitter^ Gemsbacher-6tr. 11, with garden, D. 2jf;
Bletxer, Liehtenthaler-Str. 85; Sinner'^s Saalbau^ Lichtenthaler-Str. 44.
Oaf6s and Oonfectioners' Bhopa. Conversationshaus, see above ; *Rumpel'
mayer, Augusta-Platz (PI. C, 3), first-class, with garden; *Villa Sorrento
(PI. C, 5, €), Lichtenthaler AlHe 14; Panorama (with rooms), above the
LichtenthiJer AlWe (PI. C, 9, see p. 378; Zabler, Lichtenthaler-Str. 12,
with garden. — There are also several good caf^ and milk-gardens in the
environs, such as the Gumenbaeher Bof (p. 873) ; Jfolkenanstalty Quettig-Str. 9 ;
Oretely see p. 872.
Oaba (Tackdroschken' at the rail, station, see p. 366).|j
a. Bt Tzvb.
For »/« hour
For V« liour
For "74 hour
For 1 hour
Bach additioM^ Vi hour 60 pf. or 75 pf. outside the cab-radius, which
includes the whole of the town shown in Our plan, with tht exception of
the hills to the 8.W. of the Greek Chapel Itnd Sohloss Krapp aad the hills
to the K.B. (3ab0 discharged beyond the radius are entitted to half-fare
for the return. — To Liehtenthal l>/t or 2,J; to the pensioni Waldeneck,
Schirmhof, Korbmattfelsenhof, or Kaiserin Blisabeth, 2Vs or SVa Ul.
In summer after 9 p.m., and in winter after 8 p.m. : per drive (V4 hr.),
1-4 pers. 1 Ul 50 pf., each additional 1/4 br. 1 Jf. Each large box 40 pf.
1-2 pers.
ur Ipf.
3-4
pers.
[pf.
1
1
2
3
76
60
50
1
2
3
4
75
25
25
50
368 Route 46.
BADEN.
Practical Notes,
b. Dbitbs at Fixbd GHAmoss (14 persona).
Under Glass I carriages may be kept for 2 brs. \ under Gl. n, 8 hrs. j
in.
IV.
Pf
50
nnder Cl. HI, 6 hrs. \ under a. IV, 10 hrs. \ and under CI. V, 14 hrs.
To the Fish Breeding Estab. 4 •#, there and back . . 6
To the Seelach 1 •#, there and back 5
^ To the Gkrolsauer Miihle 3 Ul, there and back .... 5
To the Oerolsau Waterfall 5 Jf^ there and back ... 7
Jagdhaus 5 Ul, returning vi& the Fremersberger Hof, or
Tice versi 6
To the Alte Schloss 5 •#, there and back 7
By the Yburg road, the Seelighdfe, and the ^Verbin-
dungs-Weg' to lichtenthal, and back to Baden ... 8
To the Alte Schloss and back vii Ebersteinburg , or
vice rersA 9
To Ebersteinburg and back 9
To the Fish Breeding Estab . and Schloss Eberstein and back 11
The same, returning vi& Oemsbach ........ 13
To the Fish Breeding Fstab. and Gemsbach and back . 14
To the Fremersberg-Turm and back 12
To the Fremersberg-Turm vli the Katzenstein, and
back yia the Jagdhaus .14
To the Favorite and back yii Oos 9
, To the Yburg and back 11
Vii Gerolsau to the Pl&ttig (19 UT), Sand (20 UT), and the
Hnndseck, and back 21
VIA Gerolsau to Buhlerthal and the Gertelbach-Schlucht,
(and back vift Biihl and Steinbach, or vice ycrat . . 20
To the Alte Schloss, Ebersteinburg, Teufelskanzel, and
by the new road below [the Ifercurius-Turm to
Mullenbild and back, or vice versi 14
{The same, including Gemsbach or Schloss Eberstein . 18
The same, including Gemsbach and Schloss Eberstein . 21
Vi& Gerolsau to BlUUerthal and the Gertelbach-Schlucht,
and back vift Sand and Plattig 28
Omnibusea (starting-point near the Conversationshaus). 1. Leopoldt-FUUz
SI. G, 8) vii Lang e-Str. and the station to Badtn$chw€m (p. 865), 11 times
ily (20 pf.). — 2. Kurha^ vi& Sophien-Str. and Leopold-Str. to the AlU
BdUosi (p. 375), twice daily (IV2, there and back 2 UT). — 3. Kwhaui to
Licliienthal (p. 363), 7 times daily (25 pf.) \ some of the omnibuses start from
the railway-station (40 pf.). — 4. Kurhaut vi& Lichtenthal to 8ulach (p. 373),
thrice daily, In summer 4 times (75 pf., back b') pf.). -^ 5. K%arhau» Ti&
Lichtenthal to the FUh Breeding EstablUJment (p. 874), twice daily (1 Jf^
return-fare V/2 J() i the morning omnibus starts from the railway-stition. —
8. Kurhaui vii the Fish Breeding Estab. to Schlou JBberstsin (p. 392), once
daily, 2 and 3 Ul. ~ 7. KurJ^aus vii Lichtenthal to the Gerolsau Water/all
(p. 374), twice daUy (1 Jf). - 8. Kurhata via the Plattig and Sand to the
Mundseck (p. 894), once daily (8 or 6 Jt). — 9. Theater-PkOs yii the Tburg
road to Ybura (p. 377 ; returning vii the Korbmattfelsen and Werder-Str.),
twice daily (2 or 2^/tJl). — 10. KurJutus vi& the Werder-Str. and the Korb-
mattfelsen to the Jagdhaus (p. 377 ^ returning vi& the Jagdhauser-All^e),
twice daily (1 Ul SO & 2 •#). -* Intermediate fares on all these lines.
Yisitora' Tax. Tickets of admission to the Gonversationshaus and
grounds (sold at the entrance to the grounds) are necessary for afternoon
and evening concerts (34 ii 8-10 p.m.) the morning concert, 7-8 a.m. is
free): for one day, 1 pers. i Jf; for a fortnight 10 J$; for one month,
1 pers. Q0Jfy2 pers. W Jf, each additional person 6 Jt mora. Balls every
Sonday during the season. Good Concerts frequently.
BathSk *FriedriehS'Bad^ open aU the year round 7 a.m. to 6 p.m., and
*Attgusta-Bady open in summer only, see p. 370; Damutddter fib/ (PI. r;
G, 3), Gemsbacher-Str. 5, also rooms and pension. RH>er Baths cmd Swim-
ming Baths (PI. C, 5), on the right bank of the Oos.
FfafrHrche. BADEN. 46, Route, 369
Bsths Offtco (Orouhereogliche KommUtion der BadeaiulaUen)^ in the
Grosshersogliche Amtshaus (PI. G, D, 2). — Municipal Baths OoounittQe
(StUdtUcM KurcomiWi in the Gonversationshaus, to the left.
Theatre. From Jane to Sept. performances on Hon., Wed., and Frid,,
in winter only on Wednesdays.
Baoes at Iffezhein^ (near Oos, p. 365), at the end of August and the
beginning of September.
Post and Telegraph Of&oe (Fl. G, 8), Leopolds-Flatz 13.
TourUt Agency Offloes. F, W, Schick^ SophienStr. 5) F. Tra^^
Hirsch-Str. 2.
Engliah Ohurch (All Saints*), Berthold-Str. 5, close to the Grand-Hdtel
Bellevue*, Snn. services at 8.80 a.m., 11 a.m., and 7 p.m. Ghaplain, Rev,
T, Archibald S. White, if. A,, Lange-6tr. 83.
Baden has the reputation of being an expensive veatering-place, and
probably is so to those who live at the first-class hotels, attend all the
numerous concerts, and liberally patronise the shops and bazaars ; but many
of the advantages of the place may be enjoyed without very serious inroad
on the finances by visitors who are content to put up at the less pretending
hotels. A month may be very comfortably spent at Baden for 102. or 12^ —
Baths cost 40 pf. to 2 Ul 50 pf. and upwards. The Thetfnal Water may be
drunk at the Trinkhalle and Friedrichs-Bad free of charge; other kinds of
mineral water are supplied at fixed rates. Whey or goats' milk, 20 pf. per
glass. — The Friedrichs-Bad and the Trinkhalle are open throughout the year.
The Season propisr lasts from April to October and is at its height from
June to August, while the town is crowded also at the time of the races
(see above). The atmosphere is mild and healthy, though somewhat damp.
Baden (600 ft.), or Baden-Baden (to dlstingnisli it from the
Baden near Vienna and that in Switzerland), lies at the entrance
of the Black Forest, among picturesque, weU-wooded hUls, in the
delightful valley of the Ooslach or Oelbac\ and vies with Heidel-
herg and Freiburg in the beauty of Its situation. It is one of the
most popular watering-places in Europe, and is rivalled in Ger-
many by Wiesbaden only. The population is 16,300 (chiefly Roman
Catholics) and the number of visitors is over 77,000 annually.
The efficacy of the waters was known to the Romans, who called it
Civitat AureUa Aquengis. For six centuries Baden was the seat of the Mar-
graves of Baden, of whom Hermann II. (d. 1130) first resided in the old
castle. The new castle, above the town, was erected by the Margrave
Ghristopher (1475-1527), but both town and castles suffered so much during
the Thirty Tears' War and the war of the Palatinate (1689), that the Mai^
graves transferred their residence to Rastatt in 1706. The modem reputa-
tion of Baden as a sanatorium dates from the beginning of the 19th century.
The first *Gonversationshaus* was opened in 1808, and the gaming-table,
which was immediately set up , became a favourite resort of European
wealth and fashion. The suppression of public gambling in 1872, however,
has given Baden more of the character of a health-resort.
The Olp Town, with its narrow streets, is situated on the right
bank of the Oosbaoh, and extends up the slope of a spur of the
Battert, the summit of which is ciowned by the grand-ducal chlteau .
Farther to the S. rises the Gothic —
Ptorkirohe or Stiftskiiroht (590 ft. ; PI. G, 2 ; always open in
the morning), greeted in the 7th oent., raised to the dignity of an
abbey«chuTch in 1453, destroyed by fire In 1689, repaired in 1753,
and restored in the original style in 18^6. The choir contains
interesting Momtments of the Margraves of Baden, from Bernhard I.
(d. 1431) downwards, notably those of Bishop Frederick of Utrecht
Babdxkbb's Rhine. IBfh Edit. 24
370 Route 46, BADEN. FHedrieht-Bad.
(d. 1517), l)rother of Christopher I. (bronze monument In a Gothic
niche, to the left), and of Margrave Lewis WUliam (colossal tomb,
on the right). The lower part of the W. tower Is Romanesque. —
Opposite the portal lies the Bathatu (PI. 0, 8), formerly the Jesnits'
College and then the Conversationshaus (1809-24).
Adjacent to the church, on the S.E. slope of the Schlossberg, are
the Hot Springs, the chief of which have been united in two chan-
nels, the HauptstoUen and the KirehenttoUen. They yield about
110,000 gallons per day, and vary from 111® to 147® Fahr. in tem-
perature. The efficacy of the water is chiefly due to its high natural
temperature , the solid ingredients , chiefly chloride of sodium,
amounting only to three per cent. The latest analysis has detected
slight traces of arsenic. Close to the springs are the two chief bath-
houses in which the springs are put to their fullest use.
The Friedxichi-Bad (PI. C, 2) is an impo^g sandstone edifice
by Demfeld (1869-77), embellished with statues, busts, and me-
dallions. In summer it is reserved for gentlemen. In winter It Is
used by ladies also.
The first floor oontaina hot and cold plunge-baths (6 a.m. to 1 p.m. i •#
30 pf., 1 p.m. to 6 p.m. 80 pf.), sits-baths (priyate bath, mom. 8. aft.
2Vs <Mf general bath, 1 Ul 60 and 1 Ul 20 pf.), electric baths (SJfi, an
inhaling room (60 pf.), etc. On the second floor is the division set apart
for cnratiye gymnastics and 'massage' (16 tickets, valid for 1 month, 16 .4^.
On this floor also are baths for bathing in company, vaponr and douche
baths, Turkish baths, and large swimming-baths with cold and warm
water. A bath takes from V/t to 2 hrs. (charge, mom. 21/9, aft. 2 Jf)-
On the third floor are the Fiirstenbader, or battis of the most luxurious
description (10 Ul), and also vapour baths (2 or l^/s J0\ inhaling room
(60 c.) { and massage (2-6 Jf)* — Admission to view iht interior, after
6 p.m., 1 Jf.
On the E. the Friedrichs-Bad is adjoined by the Kaiaerin-
Angnsta-Bad, a handsome Italian Renaissance building, erected by
Durm in 1891-92 and adorned with sculptures by flor. It Is reserved
for ladies, but is open in summer only. The main vestibule con-
tains busts of the Orand-Duke and Grand-Buchess Frederick and
two oil-paintings representing favourite walks of the Empress
Augusta. The handsome staircase is adorned with a bust of the Em-
press by Moest and a frieze by Oleichauf, The general equipments
and charges resemble those of the Friedrichs-Bad.
Between these two bath-houses are the remains of Roman Baths (open
11-12 A 6-7; steps lead down from the Augusta-Bad). — To the K. of the
Plats is the Ifuiiktt tvm hHUgen Qrab with a church.
To the E. of the Augusta-Bad are the Spiial-Kifehei used by
the Old Catholics, and the Old Cemetery (PL D, 2), now ijfans-
formed into a promenade and containing a fine crucifix by Nlclaus
Lerch of Leyden (1467) and a late-Gothic *Mount of OMves' with
stone figures. To the left, at the foot of the Schlossbdrg, are the
L(mde8'Bad(Vh D, 2), for poor patients, and the new inftototoHuim
To the right are the Ludwig-WUhdrM-Stifli a home fbr ladles,
and Dr. Ebere'e Sanatorium (higher up j p. 867).
Conver9aiiof%$kau8. BADEN. 46, Route. 371
The Heue SchlOM (PL C, 2 ; 676 ft.)» on the hiU to the N. of the
town, is moBt conveniently reached vii the Schloss-Strasse and Bnrg-
Strasse, ascending from the Pfarrkirche (p. 369). It was founded in
1479, enlarged in 1530 and 1570-80, seriously damaged in 1689,
and partly restored. In 1842 it was fitted up as a summer-residenee
for the Qrand-Dnke. The Schloss is open all day, except 12-1 (fee
1-1 V2 •^)- The W. gateway, with its Gothic vaulting, leads into
the court (bell to the left for the castellan), on the £. side of which
is the handsome Renaissance chUteau. It contains a number of
handsome saloons and the i^artments of the Grand-Duke, adorned
with several good modem pictures, carving, family-portraits, etc.
The winding-staircase (ca. 1575) in the Dagobext-Torm is inter-
esting. The curious subterranean vaults with stone and iron doors
were probably once used as dungeons. — The tasteful Oardtn, with
view-terrace, on the S. side of the Schloss, is always open (entrance
at the N.E. angle of the Schloss ; steps descend to the town).
The chief retorts of visitors are in the new quarters, and the
beautiful Heamre Qrounda^ extending along the left back of the Oos,
which flows for a long distance through an artificial channel. The
busiest point is the Oonversationshaus.
The ConyerMitionihaaB (525 ft. ; PI. B, 3), designed by Wftn-
hrenrur, erected in 1824, and considerably enlarged in 1854, is
125 yds. in length and is preceded by a portico of 8 columns.
The IvTBBioB ia gorgeously fitted up by Parisian masters. Imme-
diately within tiie eolonnade is the Obbat Saloon, where the band plays
in the evening in unfavourable weather. To the left are the so-called
Landsoapb Saloon, the Italian Saloon, and the Plowxb Saloon; to
the rii^t the Bbnaissanob Saloon. The Kbw Saloons , opened in 1854.
are fitted up in the Renaissance style of Louis Xm. and Louis XlV., ana
contain from April to Oct. a good IntematUmai ExhWHon of Art (week-
days 10^1 Sun. 11-6; f^e to holders of tickets, p. 868). — In the K. wing of
the building are the well-stocked reading-rooms. The S. wing contains the
restourant (p. S67).
The band which plays on the 'Kaiser -Fromenade% in front of
the Oonversationshaus, always attracts a large assemblage of the
fashionable world, and on fine Sunday afternoons the grounds are
crowded with visitors from Strassburg, Carlsruhe, and other neigh-
bouring places. The short avenue leading to the Leopolds-Brucke
is flanked with stalls of various wares.
A few paces to the N. of the 'Kaiser-Promenade* is the Trink-
liaU«(Pl. B, 3), designed by Hiibseh, and erected in 1839-42. It U
most frequented from 7 to 8 in the morning, when the band plays
and the waters are drunk. The relief in the tympanum, by Reic\
represents the nymph of the springs administering health to sufferer^
of every kind. The somewhat faded frescoes in the arcades, by
Ootzenberger^ illustrate legends of the Black Forest. — The grounds
in front of the Trinkhalle are adorned with a marble Bust of Emperor
William J., by Kopf (1875).
On the S. 9ide of the Promenade is the Theatre (PL B, 3), built
24*
372 BouU 46. BADEN. Oredi Church,
by Derehy in 1861, and richly fitted np from designs by CouUau, —
Between the Gonyers&tionshaus and the H6tel Messmer ascends the
Werder-Strasse, in which, to the right, is the studio of Pro feasor
J. von Kopfy the sculptor (d. 1903), to which visitors are admitted
on Tues. & Thurs., 3-6 p.m., on Sun. 11-12 and 3-6 (free), from
July to October. — The Kunath(dU(l?\, B, 0, 3), behind the theatre,
contains an exhibition of pictures (adm. 8-6, Sun. & holidays 11-6;
50 pf.). Near it is the International Club. Farther on, in the
Lichtenthaler AU^e, is a marble bust of the Empress Augusta, by
Kopf (1894). — In the Kronprinzen-Strasse, farther up the hill, Is
the KiinsiUrhaus (PI. B, 4), with the studios of sereral painters.
Crossing the Leopolds-Br&cke we see immediately to the left the
former Palais HamUtony bought by the town in 1900, with a pretty
garden (caf^-restaurant, see p. 367).
The palsis containa the Arehducal JPicture GalUry (open 11-1), founded
by Herr Louis Juneke (d. 1900) who presented 100, mostly excellent,
pictures by German, Spanish, French and Italian painters of the 19th cent,
(catalogue 20 pf.), and the Municipal Collection of AntiquiUst.
The Lbopolds-Platz (PI. 0, 3), close by, is embellished with
a bronze Statue of Orand-Duke Leopold (d. 1852). On the right is
the Post-Office with a pretty telephone tower. — The Sophibn-
Stbasse, to the £. of this Platz, is bordered with trees. From it
diverges the Stephanien-Str. to the S. in which is the handsome
Synagogue. — In the new S. quarter of the town, In the Ludwig-
Wilhelm-Platz, are the Gothic Protestant Church (PI. 0, 4), by
Eisenlohr, and the English Churcli (PI. 0, 5). The latter contains
some good stained-glass windows, a fine candelabrum presented by
the Empress Augusta, and a lectern given by the Grand-Duchess of
Baden. In the Lichtenthaler-Str. is the Russian Church (PI. C, D, 5),
with a gilded dome. — On the S. W. slope of the Annaberg lies the
Cemetery (PI. D, 4), with many tasteful monuments.
On the Michaelsberg rises the Greek Church (686 ft. j PI. B, 2),
erected in 1863-66 from designs by Klente of Munich in memory
of a son of the Roumanian prince Michael Stourdza , who died at
Baden in 1863,. in his 17th year. The roof and dome are gilded; the
interior, which contains the tombs of the family, is sumptuously
decorated with gold, marble, and painting. Key at the house No. 2j
fee 50 pf. (service on Sun., 10-11). -- A little to the S. is the
Chdteau of Baron Venninger-Vllner (PL B, 8), built by Oppler in a
mediaeval style. — Farther up is theFriesenberg (940 ft,), the pretty
forest-paths on which afford beautiful views ; it is reached by follow-
ing the Werder-Str. (see above) or the Beutig-Str., or direct from
the Greek church, — The Beutig-Str. is continued to the Cross on
the Beutig (770 ft. ; PI. A, 4), opposite which is the Villa Meineck.
Farther on, to the left of the road, is the Hdtel'CafS Oretelf and
still farther on, II/4 M. from the Oonversationshaus, is the H6td
Kaiserin Elisabeth (comp. p. 377). — Pretty paths lead from the
Friesenberg to the Waldsee (665 ft.), in the vaUey of the Mieheibach.
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Lichtefahal BADEN. 46, Route. 373
Entihons op Baden.
The most attractive walk in the yicinity of Baden is the *Lich-
tenthaler All^e (PI. B, 3, 4, 0, 5, 6), ascending the left bank of the
Oosbach, and much frequented in the afternoon by pedestrians,
cyclists, and carriages. The fine old trees are surrounded with flower-
beds and shrubberies. On the left beyond the brook are numerous
lawn-tennis courts and sumptuous hotels, and on the right are a
number of handsome villas. About 1/4 M. from the theatre, beside
the AlMe-Haus (No. 6), the roads to the Fremersberg and the Yburg
(p. 377) diverge to the right; and about 1/2 M. farther on the road
to Qunzenbach (PI. D, 6) also runs off to the right.
Following the above-mentioned Fremersberg road and then taming
to the left, we may reach the Sauersberg (8i5 ft. j pleasant view from the
Birkenkopf) in Vs hr., and the Whey Cure Establishment (refreshments) in
10 min. more. — The OuntenbachrTal^ with a prettily situated garden-
restaurant and the Ounxenbacher iTo/ (pension ^ PL G, 6), is interesting to
mineralogists. At the entrance to the Ounzenbach-Tal a gaide-board in-
dicates the way to the Leopoldshdhe^ ab07e the Hdt.'Cafi Panoi-cma (p. 367),
commanding a fine view. — Paths lead from the All^e and from the
Gunzenbach-Tal to the top of the Caecilienherff (see below).
About IY2 M. from the Conversationshaus we reach —
Lichtenthal. — Hotels (all with gardens and restaurants). ^Bab \
LuDWiGSBAD, with a chalybeate spring; Lowe, R. 1V«-2, B. »/4, I>- 274, pens.
bS Jl; GoLDNM Kbkuz, similar charges. — CaedUeriberff Beer Oarden.
Omnibus to Baden, the Fish Breeding Establishment, etc., see p. 968.
At Lichtenthal (QiO ft. ^, formerly called Unter-Bewem, a village
with 4700 inhab., is situated the Nunnery op LiCfHXBNTHAL (to
the right, beyond the bridge), which was founded in 1245 by Irmen-
gard, granddaughter of Henry the Lion and widow of Hermann V,
of Baden. The convent, tak^n by the Margraves of Baden under
their special protection, has escaped the devastations of war and
the ravages of time, and is still occupied by Cistercian nuns. The
Churchy which has no aisles, contains the 14th cent, tomb of the
foundress (d. 1260), by Wolfelin von Rufach (14th cent.). Ad-
joining the church and connected with it by an archway Is the Toten^
Kapelle (mortuary chapel), built in the Gothic style in 1288, and
restored in 1830. It contains tombstones of Margraves of Baden-
Durlach, and two altar-pieces (retouched) of the Upper Rhenish
School (1496). The Orphan Asylunij within the precincts of the
convent, was founded by the wealthy and benevolent London tailor
8tult(^, 380), who was afterwards ennobled. In front of the nunnery
is a War Monument for 1870-71.
The pine-clad Caecilienherg (756 ft.), immediately behind the
.nunnery, a spur of the Klosterherg (1360 ft.), affords pleasant walks
and charming views. Higher up rises the new Pariah Church.
On the Seelach (900 ft.), on the E. side of the Gerolsan (ascended from
the nunnery in Vx hr. *, road to the right of the parish-church, footpath to
the left), stands the villa of Princess Bariatinska, in the mediseval style, a
fine point of view (restaurant, adjacent; omn., see p. 868). — The broad
.road ascends, skirting the Baden aqueduct, to (1V4-2 hrs.) the Schtrrho/
374 RouUdS. — Map.p.BTi, BADEN. Oentttm,
(2236 fL), whence the top 'of tke B€$dmur BUM may be reached by foot-
paths in IVs hr.
From Lichtenthal the road, which is destitute of shade, ascends
the Bbubbnbk-Tal, passing seyeral houses and hamlets, to Ober-
'BeuiBnL(Waldhofn), — The valley now contracts and trees become
more numerous. About i^l% M. from the conyent the road divides,
the main branch, to the left, proceeding by MtLUenbach ^to Gerns-
bach and Schloss Eberstein (comp. p. 877). To ibe right, on the
branch leading to Qaisbach and Forbach (p. 397) , is the Qaiahach
FUh Breeding Establishment (the 'FiichkuUur'; 875 ft; fair inn and
restaurant; adm. to breeding-ponds 20 pf.), situated in a 6ool and
shady nook of the valley, and a favourite point for excursions from
Baden (omnibus, see p. 868).
Near Lichtenthal, on the S.W. (to the right at the Lowe Hotel),
opens the G^olf an, a pretty grassy valley watered by the Qrohhach^
and fringed with wood, where (1/4 hr.) the QeroUawer MuhU (open-
air restaurant^ and the straggling village of OeroUau (740 ft. ; Aiiet^
hahn ; Hirsch j are situated. A road a little beyond the Auerhahn
inn (I3/4 M. from the nunnery) leads to the right from Qerolsau
by MaUchbach (860 ft.) to Neuweier (p. 378; 6 M. from Lichten-
thal). We, however, follow the road to the left. A footpath, more
picturesque than the road , diverges to the right from the latter on
the other side of the bridge over the Grobbach , and ascends the
right bank of the stream. About 2^/4 M. ttom the Lichtenthal
nunnery we reaoh the pretty QeroUau Waterfall (990 tt,\ restaurant;
omnibus, see p. 368).
From the Gerolaau Waterfall to SoHWANsirwAssir and PlIttio (IV2-
3 brs. ; carriage from Baden-Baden in 3 hrs., see p. 368 \ omnibns, see
£. 36S). The road from the waterfall crosses the Grobhach to the right
U M.) and ascends roond the LanMrntkopf to (4Vs M.) the. top of the
Sehwanmwatem (p. 398). The Ober-Plattig (p. 893) lies abont 3 K. farther
on. — Walkers may follow the carriage-road (or they may skirt the stream
by a footpath which rejoins the road V4 ^' ffti'ther np), bttt beyond the
bridge, at the first sharp carve, they should quit the^road and ascend
the 'logghig road' to the left for 6 min., then take the footpath to the
left, which rejoins the road in 1/4 hr. { it then ascends steeply, and
farther on again touches the road several times (numerous guide-posts).
To THs BADsmn Hdns, 2 hrs. At the fork, •/4 M. from tibe Oerelsau
Waterfall, carriages take the branch to the left, which remains on the
right bank of the Grobbach and */* M. farther on turns once more to the
left into the valley of the Urbach. After crossing the (*/t'iL) Orimbach, the
road ascends the Urbach vidley in numerous windings to the BHT«nw4e$er
JSattel (3895 ft.), whence the road to the Badener Hohe leads to the left —
Walkers should choose the road (2V4 M. from the waterfaD) ascending the
valley of the Cfrimbach and passing the Neuhaui ; 1 M. farther on is a fDOtpaOi
to the right, skirting the FaiU of 1M Grimbach, Above the faito we
cross the road ; V< M- farther on, beside a solitary house Qeti)^ a second road
is crossed. From the (V« M.) fork the left branch leads to the Herren-
wieser See, the right branch to the Badener H6he (p. 894).
The Altb Sobloss (1 hr. ; comp. PI. 0, 2, D, 2, 1, and the Map ;
omn.,. see p. 368), is reached by a carriage-road ascending at first
through meadows and orchards and afterwards through fragrant pine-
woods. Walkers should, however, ascend the Schloss-Str. (p. 371),
AUeSchlota. BADEN. Map,p,37^.-'46,BouU. 375
and above the Schloss-Gaiten follow the shoit-cuts ayoiding the
cunres of the road. About halfway Is the Sophtenruhe (1145 ft.),
a projecting roek with a pavilion, beyond which is a fresh spring.
(The path diverging to the left at the next bend leads to the Eellers-
bild, see below) — From the station we take the Leopold-Str.,
passing the Schiesshaus (comp. PI. A, B, 1), and then follow the
direction-posts (40 min. to the Schloss).
The *Alt6 Sohloifl Hohenbaden (terrace, 1830 ft. ; *Be8tanrant and
inn with official tariff and shady seats In the open air) is an exten-
sive structnre situated on a buttress of the Battert, the walls of which
probably date in part from the 3rd cent., when the Romans con-
structed some fortifications here. From the 11th cent, until the
construction of the Neue Schloss (p. 371) it was the seat of the
Maigraves. The so-called Rlttersaal dates from the end of the 14th
century. Since its destruction by the French in 1689 the castle has
been a complete ruin, but the tower has been rendered accessible
by steps (10 pf.). The ♦♦View from the top embraces the valley of
the Rhine from Speyer to a point far beyond Strassburg (not itself
visible) ; in the foreground lies the charming valley of Baden, with
its bright villas, its light-green woods of beech and oak, and its
sombre pine-forests; to the S. is the Blitck Forest with the Badener
Hohe (morning light most favourable).
Finger-posts on the terrace In front of the Schloss, and behind
It, opposite the inner entrance. Indicate the way to the summit of
the Battert (1856 ft.), round which towards the S. rise the pre-
cipitous Felien (^rocks'), a number of fantastically-deft masses of
porphyry. The Felsen-Brueke, 20-25 min. from the Schloss, com-
manding a magnificent view, is the finest point. An easier route
leads from the castle-terrace by an almost level path along the base
of the Felsen. At the (8/4 M.) fork we turn to the right and after
10 paces to the left to (1 M.) Eberstelnburg; or we may continue
by the path to the right (^Teufelskanzel and Merkur') and rejoin
the old Gernsbach road. — The road from the Schloss to Eber-
steiubarg leads along the N. side of the Battert.
About 2 M. to the K.W. of the Alte Schloss, on the HardUrg, is the
DrHbwgen-Blickf affording a view of the Alte Schloss, the Tburg', and the
Ebersteinburg. It may be reached from Baden -vi& the Kellersbild (see
above) or via Badensehenem.
From the Alte Schloss at Baden and from Ebersteinburg pleasant
paths lead through the woods (comp. Map at p. 872 -, the paths eventually
Suit the woods) to r6M. from Baden; 1 M. to the S.W. of the station of
[uppenheim) the Favorita (430 ft), a ch&teau of the Orand-Duke, erected
in ITI^, in the rococo atyle, by the Margravine Sibylla Augusta, widow of
the Margrave Lewis William (d. 1707), who after the death of her hus-
band superintended the education of her sons for nineteen years, and then
retired to this spot. The interior is decorated in the taste of the period
and eontains a valuable collection of porcelain. Small restaurant.
The BouTB F&OM Babbn to Ebbbbtbinbubo (2^2 M.) Is by the old
Gernsbach road (PI. D, 2), ascending the valley to the E. between
the Battert and the Merkurinsberg. About V2M. from the Old Cemetery
876 Route4e,—'Map,p,372. BADEN. MerkuHuaherg.
(p. 370), at the Morgenrote Inn, a pleasant path diverges to the
right to the Tenfelskanzel. Farther on is the WtUdiehldaachen Inn^
Near the saddle of the hill (1226 ft. : WolfsscMucht Inn^ are two
rocks known as the TeufeUkanul (l245 ft.) and Engelskantel
(1280 ft.), both affording good views. At the inn the roads cioss;
that to the right leads through wood to the Merkarinsberg and the
Miillenbild (p. 377; pleasant return-ronte over the Annaberg and
Friedrichshohe). The Ebersteinburg road leads to the left. A little
farther on is a flnger-post, also on the left, indicating the way to
the romantic Wolfstehludht^ through the woods of which we may
ascend to the village of Ebersteinburg.
From the village of Ebersteinburg (1398 ft.; Krone, R. 2-4,
^- ^V2) pens. 6jf; Hirsch) we ascend in 10 min. to the top of the
isolated eminence which bears the ruins of the castle of ^Ebersteiii*
burg, or the Alt-Eberstein (1605 ft. ; restaurant). Fine view from
the tower (10 pf.). The castle stands on Roman substructures, and
the present edifice dates from the 10-14th centuries. It was once
the seat of the Counts of Eberstein, and afterwards belonged to
the Margraves of Baden. Visitors should be familiar with Uhland^s
ballad of the Oount of Eberstein and the Emperor's daughter.
The Mbbxubiusbbro, the highest mountain near Baden, may be
ascended in 1^2 b^- ^y one of several different routes. The car-
riage-road diverges on the above-mentioned saddle of the hiU to
the right from the old Gernsbach road, passes near the Tenfels-
kanzel, and leads to the top in long windings in less than an hour.
— The shortest route starts from the Scheiben-Strasse in Baden (PL
0, D, 3), and crosses the Annaberg (995 ft.), a spur of the Merku-
riusberg. At the top Is the reservoir of the Baden water-works, neai
which are the Hdtel Friedrichshohe and the KarUhof Resiaurant,
with a garden commanding a fine view. At the Hof Annaberg we keep
straight on, through wood (numerous flnger-posts). The easiest ascent
quits the old Gernsbach road above the Morgenrote Inn (see above)
and leads to the right over the Maisenkopfle (1120 ft.). From Lichten-
thal we mount to the left by the Kreuz Inn, leaving the Sehaafberg
(1050 ft.) to the right, and then ascend the FaUeenhalde, — The
summit of the Kerkuriuaberg, or Orosse Staufen (2205 ft.). Is oc-
cupied by a tower 75 ft. in height, which commands a very extensive
view (restaurant). The mountain derives its name from a Roman
votive stone found here, now preserved in a small niche made
for its reception. — The above-mentioned carriage-road passes near
the summit of the Merkuriusberg, skirts the W. slope of the Kleine
Staufenberg (2050 ft.), and at the MuUenbild joins the new road to
Gernsbach (p. 377). Pedestrians may reach Gernsbach from the
Merkuriusberg in 1 hr. vlH Staufenberg (p. 377), by taking the
path to the E. at the bifurcation of the roads on the Bineenvtasen
(1695 ft. ; flnger-post).
From Badbn to Gbensbach (p. 395) by the new road vU
Fremtraberg. BADEN. Map, p. 372 — 46. Route. 377
LlcMeiithalandBenerii(p.374), 6V2M. About 8/4 M. from the Fisli
Breeding EstabHslmient the hamlet of Miillenbaeh is reached, after
which the road ascends very circuitously (pedestrians effect a saving
by proceeding straight on from the inn) to the MiUlenbild (1255 ft. ;
41/2 M. from Baden), where It is joined on the left by the road from
the (21/2 M.) Merkuriusberg. It then divides into two branches,
that to the left descending to (21/2 M.) Gernsbach, and that to the
right leading along the hill to (3 M.) Schloss Eberstein (p. 396;
omn., see p. 368). — The old road (6 M.) as far as the saddle
(1226 ft.) between the Teufelskanzel and the Engelskanzel is de-
scribed on p. 376. Fine view of the Mnrgtal in descending. On the
right, after about IV4M., where the road again ascends a little, is
the NeuhauSj a solitary inn. The road then descends and in 10 min.
makes a sharp bend to the right into the valley ; 1/4 ^^- Staufen-
hergy where strawberries are largely cultivated; V2 ^'' farther on
Qernshach (p. 395 j 3^/4 M. from the saddle). Pedestrians proceed
straight on at the bend and descend along the edge of the wood
(40 min.).
To THE Fbemebsbe&o, Carriages either follow the Werder-Str.
and Moltke-Str., passing the Htiel Kaiserin Elisabeth j or they may
leave the Lichtenthaler AlMe by the Fremersberg-Str. (PI. B, 5;
p. 373), which diverges to the right, and in little more than V2 M,
passes a group of houses known as Tiergarten, About 1/2 M. farther
on the two routes unite, beside the Hdtel Fruh and the H6tel Korb^
maitfelsen. The road then forks, the left branch leading to the
KorbmatlfeU (1700 ft.) and the Yburg fsee below), and the right
through wood to (3 M.) the Fremeriberg(l730ft. ; Inn; view- tower).
— Pedestrians ascend from Baden in 1^/4 hr. by an attractive route
past the Waldsee (p. 372). We return by the (2^4 M.) Jagdhaus
(800 ft.; omn., p. 368), with a frequented restaurant (also pension)
commanding a fine view of the Rhine valley, to (33/4 M.) Baden.
To THE Ybvbg, another favourite excursion (o M. ; omn., see
p. 368). The road ascends from the All^e-Haus (p. 373) among
gardens (view), skirts the E. slope of the KorbmattfeU (see above),
traversing fine woods, and reaches (4 M.) the shelter on the Lache
(1490 ft.), a narrow saddle, where numerous paths diverge. Hence
to the Yburg, about 1 M. The ancient Yburg (1695 ft; Jnn^ very
fair) was, like the Ebersteinburg, once a Roman watch-tower. Wide
view from the tower (10 pf .) of the Black Forest Mts. and the Rhine
valley, best in the morning. From the Yburg to Steinbaeh (p. 378),
41/2 M. A road and footpath descend to the H6tel xum Korbmatt-
felsen (see above) in 8/^-1 hr.
From Baden to Forbach^ see p. 397.
378
47. From Baden to Freibnrg and BAle.
Bailwat to Fbkiburo (861/1 M.) in 3Vri*/4 hrs. (ejcpress fares 9 Ul 80,
6Ur06,4ur80pf.; ordinftrvSUTTO, 6Ur85, 3 UT TOpf.); to Bile (106 M.)
in 8Vt-7 hrs. (express fares 15 UT 60, 10 UT 95, 7 UT 60 pf. ; ordinary 13 UT 70,
9 Uri5, 6 Ur 80 pf.). Finest views to the left.
Baden, see p. 366. — 2y2M. Ooa, see p. 365. — To the left rise
the Black Forest Mts.; in the foreground the TburgQ^, 377). —
41/2 M. Sintheim, — Near (7 M.) Steinbaoh (Stem, pens, from 4 Jf),
on a barren hill to the left, is a statue of Erwin, the architect of Strass-
burg Cathedral (p. 3081 supposed to have been a native of Stein-
bach (d. at Strassburg, 1318). A road leads hence to the £. to (6 M.)
the Yburg (p. 377). In the valley of the SUinbach, about 2 M.
from the station of ^at name, lies the village of Neuweier r605 ft. ;
Lamm, very fair), with an ancient castle and excellent wine (*Mauer-
wein'). Hence to Baden, via Malschbach (p. 374), 6 M. ; to the
Yburg 41/2 M. — Affenthaler, one of the best red wines of Baden,
is produced around (1^2 M.) Affenthal (Auerhahn), to the S.E.
The Schartenberg (1710 ft.) is ascended from Affenthal in 3/^ hr.
10 M. BftM (445 ft.; Robe, Badischer Hof, 8Um, E. I1/2-2 uT,
all yery fair), a thriving place with 3490 inhabitants. The new
Gothic church has a handsome pierced spire ; the old church, with
a tower dating from the 16th cent. , Is now the Rathaus. On the hUl
to the S. £. rises the ruined castle oiAU- Windeek{i')M ft; i^k\a.\
with two towers, once the seat of a powerful race whidi became
extinct in 1592 (inn).
A steam-tramway pUes from Biihl to (34 M .) KOhl (p. 379) in 2 hrs. -^
About 6 M. to the N.W. of Biihl lies Schwarzach, with a late-Bomanesque
abbey-chnrch of the 12th cent, (well restored).
Local railway up the BOhhr-Tal to Oberffwl, and road thenee to the
Sand, PimUg, etc., see p. 393.
IIV4 M. Ottersweier (Adler; Sonne), with 2400 inhabitants.
15 M. Achem. — Hotels. Bailwat Hotel, at the station, well spoken
of; Post, well managed, B. 1 UlT 60 pf.-S, pens. 4-7 Jt; Adlbb, B. I'A-^i
both in the town, about 1/4 M. from the station. — Beer at the Engel Jtnd
the EOssk (also confectioner^s with rooms). — Baths in the Acher, 20 pf.
Carriagee at the station and hotels according to tariff: to Alleiiieiligen
16 jUf Brigittenschloss 12 Jt; Breitenbnmnen 16 jU,
AcA«rn (470 ft.), a thriving littie town with 4600 inhab., lies
at the mouth of the Kappeler-Tal. The market-place is adorned
with a monument to the Orand-Duke Leopold (d.1852). The Lunatic
Asylum of Illenau, near Achern, accommodates about 500 patients.
Branch-railway from Achem through the Ei^peler-Tal to OUtnhB/in
(Allerheiligen), see p. 399.
At Sasbach, I'/s M. to the K. of Achem, the French Marshal Turenne
fell in 1676 during an engagement with the imperial General Ifonteoaccoli.
The granite obelisk was erected by the French government in 1^29.
Pleasant walk (1 hr.) past the Erlenhad (now a semin&ry for lady-
missionaries), s/4 M. to the E. of Achern, and on to the ruins of NeU'Windeek
or Lau/er SchlosSy perched on a precipitous rock above the village of Lat^f.
From Lauf by Neu-Windeck or OlashHtte and by a path vift the Breifen-
OFFENBURG, Map, p.398.— 47, Route. 379
Ifnmnm Zurhaus (p. 394) to the top of the Homiiarinde (p. 394), S-SVs hrs.
— The BrigittentohloM (or Hohenroder ScMoss f 2o00ft.), picturesquely sit-
uated 7>/s M. to the B. of Achem, is insignificant as a xtiin, but commands
a noble prospect HaHway the road passes through S(ubachwald«n (847 ft. \
Bebstock, Stem, well spoken of), a beautifully-situated Tillage, above which
is the GaUMMe^ with waterfalls (inn).
I8V2 M. Benchm (Sonne; Engel), with 2200 inhab., at the
mouth of the Renehtal^ with a monument to H. J. yon Grimmels-
hausen, the author of ^Simplicissimus', who died here in 1676. —
22V2 M, Appenweier (450 ft. ; Railway Eotet), a village with 1700
inhabitants. The railways to Strassburg and to Oppenau (see p. 401)
diverge here from the main line (change carriages).
Fbom Appbnwsisb to Kbhl and Stbassburo, 18 m., railway in V4 hr.
The line toaverses the plain of the Kintig, which falls into the Bhine at
Kehl. 8 M. L«{ieUkurst\ 6 M. Eori. — To the right is Fort Bote.
8VsM. Xehl (460 ft.; iSoJflMn, near the station, BlmM^ at both R. IV4-
3Vt Ji; American Consul, Jo$€ph I. BrUtedn), a small Baden town (3(X)0
inhab.), was erected by the French as a tSte-de-pont of Strassburg in 1688.
Since the bombardment of Strassburg in 1870 Kehl has been largely rebuilt.
Excellent baths on the Bhine below the bridges. — Steam-tramway to
Bfihl, see p. 378. Another runs in 11/4 hr., yi& (8Vs M.) Altmheim (branch
to Ojlffenbura^ see below), lehenheim^ and JMssenheimy to (15Vt M.) Ottmheim
(station I1/4 H. from the Bhine bridge), where it joins the Lahr tramway
(p. S80). — In the graveyard of Meissenheim rests Frederike Brion (d. 1813),
Goethe's early love (see p. 301). *Ein Strahl der Dichtersonne fiel auf sie,
so reich, dass er Unsterblichkeit ihr lieh\
At Kehl the Bhine is crossed by two iron bridges (p. 316). The train
traverses the lower of these, with a view (on the right) of the new Strass-
bui^ harbour and the Sporen-Insel. — Beyond (11 M.) Neudorf It enters
the large stotion of (18 M.) Strassburg (see p. 804).
From Appenweier to Oppmau, see p. 401.
The line now runs parallel with the mountains of the Black
Forest. In the distance to the left rises the casde of Staufenberg
(1266 ft.), founded in the 11th cent, by Otho of Hohenstaufen,
Bishop of Strassburg, and now the property of Prince William of
Baden. It is much visited (li/2 hr.) for its splendid view from
(24 M.) WindacMdg, the next station, vii (3 U.) Durhach (Rltter;
Linde).
271/2 M. Offenhnrg. — Hotels. *Baii.wat Hotbi., with garden, B.
Itom 2, B. 1, D. 2V« Jf; Oppbkbubgeb Hop, B. & B. 2'/4-2Vs, D. IV4-IV4 •*;
Ogh8, B. IVa-SVsf ^- i^lt *M\ Bubinibchbb Hof; Schwarzbb Adlbb or
Post; SoNMB, good winej the last four in the town. — Railway Rsstaurant.
— Steam-tramway to Altenheim, see above.
Offenhurg(bQ0tt.\ a busy town on the Kintigy with 15,434 in-
hah., tras a free imperial town in the Middle Ages; in 1330 it was
pledged to the Bishop of Strassburg, in the beginning of the
16th cent, it became the capital of the district of Ortenau, from
1701 to 1771 it belonged to the Margraves of Baden, and till 1806
it was again Austrian. It contains a statue of Sir Francis Drake^
*the introducer of the potato into Europe, 1586,* by Friederioh, a
monument with the bust of the naturalist Oken (d. 1851), and a
modern Gothic Protestant Church in red sandstone with an open-
work tower. Offenburg is the junction for the Black Forest railway
380 Route 47. RIEQEL. From Baden
(p. 404). — A pleasant excursion may be made to the £., rik ZeU^
to the top of the Brandtckkopf (2270 fi ; view-tower).
The train crosses the Kin%ig, On a hill to the left rises Schlosa
Ortenberg (p. 404). 33 M. Nitder'Sehopfkeim ; 351/2 M. FricBen-
heim, — - 38ViM. Dinglingm (J30ft. ; .comp. Map, p. 404), the
junction of a hranch-line to (2 Mj Lahr (660 ft. ; *8onne ; Krauas ;
beer at the Bapftn\ an industrial town with 14,800 inhab., in the
SchuUer-Tal, Lahr contains a venerable Ahhty Churchy a modern
Roman Catholic Church, an old. RathauSy and a War Monument. In the
Dinglingen suburb, beyond the Christua-Kirche, is the Stadt^Park,
containing the municipal collections and library and monuments to
Bismarck and the poet Eichrodt (1827-92). Near the old Storchen-
Turm are the remains of a reservoir of the 12th century.
A Stkam Tbamwat rans from L^hr to Dinglingtn and c7Vs M.) Olten-
heim (se« pp. 323, 379), and in the other direction, np the SehuUer-Tal^
to (3 M.) Reichmbach and (4Vt M.) Seelbach. From Reichenbach a road leads
to the £., vift Hohen^Gtroldtedt, to Biber<»eh (p. 406).
41YjM. Kippenheim{pQOtt. ; Anker), amarket-town, lying V2M.
from the station, was the birthplace of Stuls, the rich tailor (p. o73),
and possesses a monument to him. — The castle of McAlberg, on a
basaltic hill to the left, above the small town of that name (695 ft. ;
Prinz), was once the seat of the old Baden governors. In the middle
ages it belonged to the Hohenstaufen family.
From (44 M.) Orschweier (546 ft ; Krone) a narrow-gauge
railway runs via Orafenhiusen and Kappel to (5M.) the RJiine (op-
posite Rheinau, on the left bank, whence there is a steam-tramway
to Strassburg); and, in the other direction, through fine woods, to
Ettenhehn (Deutscher Hof), Munchweier, and the (5 M.) small baths
of Etterikeimmunater.
A melancholy interest attaches to Ettenheim as the spot where the
Due d^En^hien was arrested by order of Napoleon on the night of 18th
March, 1804, to be shot at Vinoennes six days later.
46 M. Ringsheim (view from the KaUnherg, 1020 ft. ; »/4 ^r.). Be-
tween (48 M.) Herbohheim and (49^2 M.) Kenzingen the line crosses
the Bleiehe. Farther on It crosses the Elz twice. Above Hecklingen
are the ruins of Lichteneggj once a seat of the Counts of Tubingen. To
the W. is the Leopold Canal, which conveys the Elz into the Rhine.
53 M. Eiegel (690 ft.), the station for the Kaiaeratuhl RaUway,
which runs to (Y2 M.) the small town of Riegel (Kopf , pens. 81/2-
4^2 •^j) where it forks, one branch skirting the E., the other the
N. and W. slopes of the Kaiaeratuhl-Qebirge, a basaltic and vine-
clad hill-district about 42 sq. M. in area, which rises from the plain
in upwards of 40 peaks between the Dreisam and the Rhine.
Kaiskbstubl Railway. The E. branch of the railway runs vl& Bdk'
Ungen^ Nimburg ^ Eiehstetien, and Bditingen to (8 M.) Octtenhekn (p. 888).
From Botzingen a road ascends via 0/t M.) Obersehaffhattten (Krone ; Bad)
to h hr.) the saddle between the Eicheltpiue (1290 fl.) and the Jfeunlindenberg
(i^ ft.), whence we may aseend the Todtmkopf (iSQ5 ft. i view), the highest
point of the Kaiserstahl. We may descend vift the stud-farm of LiUenthal
to (IV4 hr.) Ihringen (p. 388). — The stations on the N. and W. branch
toBdlt, EBEIBURG. 47, Route, 381
are more interesting. 2V2 M. Bndingen (Sirsch; lyaum), a small town
(2900 inhab.) with a Bathaus of the 16th cent., is a good starting-point
for a walk through the Kaiserstuhl-Gebirge. From (6 M.) Scubach (Lowe)
we may visit (V« hr.) the extensive ruin of Uniburg (880 ft. ; view), the
birthplace of Rudolph of Hapsburg (1218). On the Rhine, IV4 M. from (o M.)
Jeehtingen, is the ruin of Sponeek (inn). 9Va M. Burhheim (Adler); 11 M.
Eothmil; 13 M. Achkarrm; 15VaM. Breisach (p. 888).
541/2 M. Kondringen, On the hill (8/4 hr.) is the ruined castle of
Landeek, — 57 M. Emmendingen (Post^ very fail; Sonne), with two
modern churches. Beyond it, on a hill to the left, are (3 M.) the exten-
sive ruins of the flbcWuf^, dismantled in 1689 by order of Louis XIV.
The train now crosses the canalized Elz. 60 M. Kollmarareuthe,
—• 61 M. Denzlingen; branch-line to Elzach, see p. 416.
The Olotterbach is then crossed, the pretty wine-growing valley
of which, with the scattered farms of Unter-Olottertal and Ober^
Olottertal, extends to the foot of the Kandel. In a side-valley, 5 M.
from Denzlingen, are the chalybeate baths of Qlotterhad. — Near
Freiburg (left) stands the watch-tower of the ruined castle of
Zahfingen, once the seat of a powerful race, which became extinct
in 1218 on the death of Count Berthold V. We now pass a large
prison (left) and reach —
66 M. Freiburg. — Hotels. Near th€ Station: *Z1hbingbb Hof (PI. a),
opposite the station, R. from 8, B. l>/4, pens, from 8i/« Jit *HdTBL db
L'EUBOPB (PI. b). a few min. to the K. of the sUtion. R. 3Vt4, B. iV4,
D. 3, pens. 7>/2-10 «#. -» HOtbl Viotobia, Eisenbahn-Str. 54, next door to
the Post Office, very fair, R. 2Vs-3V2i B. 1, D. 3. pens, from 7 jB; HdTBZ.
CtoNTiMBHTAL ZDM Pfaubn ^1. e), Friedrich-StT. 61, with garden-restaurant,
R. 2-4. B. 1, D. 3, pens, from 6 Jt. Rosbnbok, Fahnenberg-PlatB. beside
the Hot de TEurope, R. 2-8, B. 1, D. 2Vs, pens. 6-8 Jt, — The following
are unpretending : BAHMHOF-HdTBL, Bismarck-Str. 3 ; Salmbn, to the S. of
the station, Berthold-Str. 50; Hibsoh, Berthold-Str. 10. — In iht Towns
*RdMisoBBB Kaisbb (PI. h), Kaiser-Str. 130; Emobi. (PI. c), Engel-Str. 8, near
the Minster; HdxBL Koff, Engel-8tr. 5 (see below); HdTBL Qbist (PL g),
Miinster-Platz 6, opposite the w. portal of the Minster; Rhbinischbb Hof
(PI. i), Miinster-Platz 15; these four are old-established houses, with a local
and commercial connection (R. from l^/t, B. V4-lt !>• 2-3 Jf), *Fbbibubobb
Hof, Kaiser-Str. 180, to the S. of the Martinstor ; *HdTBL Thomaiw, Belfort-
8tr. 12, opposite the All^e-Oarten, with caf^-restaurant, R. from 2 Jt^ B.
80 pf., pens, from b^t M. *HdT.-RB8TAUBANT Oass, Ckirten-Str. 6, R. IV2-
21/4, B. Vi, pens. 4yr6 Ml HdT.-RBSTADBAMT Hohbnzollbbn, Gunterstal-
8tr. 57, R. 2-3, B. */«, pens. ii/r6 M, — The following are unpretending:
Wiu>BB Maxth (PI. f), Sals-8tr. 80; Bbexsqaubb Hof, Ealser-Str. 137; Mabk-
or&flbbHof, eerberau 22, very fair; Dbutsobbb Kaisbb, G^nterstal-Str. 38.
Ptntiona. B^Imu, OUnterstal-Str. 58 (pens. 6-7 UT); B«aU'84fow^
Werder-8tr. 8 (5-7 UT); (Titf, Priedrich-Str. 87 (4-7 Jf); TiUe, Friedrich-
8tr. 39; Von Lan^xan^ Leopold- Str. 4; Villa Minerva^ eilnterstalStr. 66
(6-7 Jf)\ ffohenxoUtm^ also in Qanterstal-Str.
Bettourantt ft 0«f4a. *Kop/, Bngel-8tr. 5, to the N. of the Minster,
with drinking-room, dining-room, ladies' room, garden, and many news-
papers; *Zum MarHnstor, dose to the gate of the same name (p. 886), wine
upstairs, beer down -stairs; Alte Burse^ Berthold-Str. 5; Wiener Cafi^
^CMuitianer. both near the war-monument ; Dietich-ffetterieh, Salz-Str. 26;
Bommefs 8chl99$eheny above the 8ehwabentor (view). — Wine: Briem^
86hlir-8tr. 6: Hwnma, MiinstemPlatz 22; Bins. Kaiser-Str. 184; DaiUer^
gdilossbe^ 1 (p. 887), with view.
The *Staat-Chtften, with fine grounds, good restaurant, and a large
baU for ooneerts, is a favourite summei^resort. Annoal subscriptioB 10 ul;
382 Bouitil, FREIBURO. FromBadtn
for a week 1, for 6 weeks 8 Ulf, one day 30.pf., oa 8iin. free after 1 p.m.}
adm. to concerts in the afternoon and eyening, 30, 4D, 00 {tf.
Baths at the •Marienbad, Marien-8tr. 4. BtBinm^kitg Bath» on the
Dreisam and at the Lorettoberg. Special ^Bathers' Trains* run to the
BkiM Bathi at the bridge of Alt-Breisach (p. 388).
Oaba. Per V4 hr., one-horse, for i-2per8. 60, 3-4 pers. 1 Jfy two-horse,
70 pf., 1 at; V, hr. lur, iurOO, iur 40 of., or 2 J; »A hr. 1 UT 80 pf.,
2 Jr, 2 Ur, 2 Ur 80 pf.; 1 hr. 2 Ur, 2 Ur dO, 2 Ur 80, 8 ur 40 pf. From
10 p.m. (in winter 9 p.m.) to 6 a.m., doable fares. — To the Sehloubtrg
(Kanonen-PlatB), one-horse SVrl, two -horse 5-6 •#; Loretto, 2Jf-2JfeO.
8 ur-3 Ur 80 ; GUntenthal, 11^2, 2 UT 603 UT ; Kfbhurg, 2V3-3, 4-5 UT. For
a tour comprising Loretto, Waldsee, Littenweiler, Ebnet, Karthaus, BUI;
Schlossberg, St. OttUien, Karthaus, 9 JB; Lnisenhohe, Horben, Bohrer,
G&ntersthal, 10 Uif. — Luggage, beyond 22 lbs., 20 pf. per package,
Electrio Tramways (10 pf.) from the station to the Schwarzwald-Str.
(red sign C); to the Wiehre station (white sign B), changing cars at the
Kaiser^tr. to the Bennweg, on the K., and Loretto-Str., on the S. (yellow
sign A); to the Wonnhalde-Str. (Bebhaus, 15 pf.) and atintersth&l (20 pf.;
green sign P).
Post and Telegraph Ofaoe (PI. 14), Eisenbahn-Strasse 68.
United States Commercial Agent, lA*. B. T. Lfifeld.
English Ohnrch (SS. George A Boniface)^ Thumsee-Str. 59, beyond the
Dreisam-, serrices at 8 (H. 0.), 11, and 6.30. dhaplain : Rev. B, Q, WOHmon^
M. A.^ Bromberg-Str. 36.
Principal Attractions. The traveller should follow the Eisenbahn-Str.
from the station through the town as far as the Kaiser-Str., then, turn
to the right, follow the Sals-Sfr. to the Schwabentor, and ascend the
ScMouberfft a walk of 25 minutes. On the way back cross the Earls-Platz
to the Minster and Kat^fhaue (exterior), traverse the broad Kaiser-Strasse
(FouHtctine, War Monument, Protettant Church), and return to the station
by the Friedrich-Strasse. The best *View is obtained from the Lorettoberg
by evening-light (cab from the station and back in i-lVs hr.).
Fret5tirp (880 ft.), situated in the Breisgau^ 11 M. from the
Rhine, vies with Baden and Heidelberg in the beauty of Its en-
yirons. The mountains of the Blaek Forest, the picturesque hills
in the vicinity, the populous and fertile plain, bounded by the
vine-clad Kaiserstuhl, and the lovely valley of the Dreisam, all
combine to render the situation highly attractive.
The town owes its origin to Bute Berthold II, o/Zdhringtn, who found-
ed it about 1091, and it remained in possession of his successors till the
line became extinct in 1218. For over 400 years Freiburg belonged to the
House of Hapsburg; it suffered much in the Thirty Tears' War 5 it was
taken by the French in 1677, fortified by Vauban, and confirmed to them
by the Peace of Nymwegen in 1678; by the Peace of Eyswyck in 1697 it
was given back to Austria, but it was captured by Villan} in 1718, after an
obstinate defence. It was again restored to Austria by the Peace of Bastatt
in 1714, plundered and to a great extent destroyed by the French in 1745,
and then, after the destruction of the fortifications, once more made over
to Austria by the Peace of Aix-lsrOhapelle in 1748. The Breisgan, a
hereditary possession of the house of Austria, of which Freibarg was the
capital, was annexed to Baden by the Peace ofPressburg in 1806, and the
town thus restored to the representatives of the house of Zahringen.
Freiburg is the chief city of the upper Rhenish province of
Baden, and since 1456 has been the seat of a university, nov
attended by about 2000 students, and since 1827 of an archbishop.
Population, including the suburbs of Zahringen and Herd£m (K.),
Wiehre and Qunierathal (S.), Haalach and mMinger (W.), aboi^t
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to Bdle, FREIBURG. 47. RouU. 383
76,286, of whom 20,000 are Protestants and 1000 Jews. Silk,
cotton, pottery, bnttons, machinery, etc., are largely manufactured
in and around the town, which is also the chief market for the pro-
ductions of the Black Forest. The streets are supplied with streams
of pure water from the Dreisam, which gives them an agreeable
freshness in summer, and the town Is surrounded with a girdle of
pretty promenades and yillas.
The railway-station Is connected with the town by the Eisbn-
bahn-Stsass^b, which passes the monument of Roiteck, the historian
(d. 1840; PI. 3). Crossing the Rotteck-Str., which leads to the
right to the AU^e-Garten (p. 886), and the Rotteck-Platz, which
diverges to the left, we reach the Fbavziskaitbk-Platz, in which
is a statue of the Franciscan Berthold Sehwarz (PI. 4), the alleged
inventor of gunpowder (1300 ; at Freiburg). Here stands also the
Gothic Cfhureh of St. Martin (PI. 11), with a new tower and part of
the ancient cloisters. Opposite is the Rathaua (16th cent.), adorned
with frescoes, and connected by an archway over the Turm-Str,
with the newer portion, which was used until 1904 as the university.
The relief on the S. oriel window, representing a unicorn-hunt
ri54S), should be noticed. The interior is shown by the caretaker
(to the right in the court; on the left are the municipal collections
of sculpture and of coins, open free Sun. 11-12.30). — Close by,
Berthold-Str. 17, is the present Un<ver«%, formerly a convent.
A new building is being erected between the library and the
synagogue.
We next reach the broad and handsome Kaisbb-Stbabsb,
which intersects the town firom N. to S. In the centre rises an
old Fountain of the late-Gothic period, embellished with a num-
ber of old and modern figures. To the S. of it is a modern foun-
tain, with a statue of Berthold in., and inscriptions to the memory
of that prince, the law-giver of Freiburg (1120), of his brother
Conrad, the founder of the Minster (HtS), of Archduke Albert,
the founder of the University, and of Charles Frederick of Baden,
the 'Nestor of princes*, in whose honour the fountain-column was
erected in 1807. To the N. , in the same street, is another modem
fountain (1868), with a statue of Archduke Albert VI. — No. 51,
on the E. side of the street, is the Baskr Hof^ now a government
office, with a handsome frescoed fagade of the 16-16th centuries. —
A little farther to the N. is the War Monument, p. 386.
The Mfinster - Strasse leads straight to the W. portal of the
Minster, in front of which rise three lofty Columns (1719) bearing
statues of the Virgin, St. Alexander, and St. Lambert, its patron-
saints.
The *Oathodral or Miniter is one of the finest Gothic build-
ings in Germany, and has Justly been admired from a very early per-
iod. The church, which is constructed entirely of dark-red sand-
stone, was begun at a period when the Gothic style had not as ye^
384 Route 47, FREIBURG. From Baden
become naturalised in Germany. We accordingly find that the
transept with the side-towers, the oldest part of the edifice, dating
from the 12th cent., is in the Romanesque style. The nave was
hegun before 1250 , and the difficulty found in bringing the new
Gothic forms into harmony with the older style Is clearly illustrated
in the two E. bays, adjoining the earlier transept. The completion
of the nave (after 1260) was accomplished by some younger archi-
tect of marked ability , who also added the final stories and spires
to the side-towers , and about 1270 began the main tower , which
was carried above the bell-chamber before 1301. The construction
of the choir was begun In 1354 by Johannes of Chnund^ but it was
not completed till the beginning of the 16th cent. (1513). The
Renaissance portico of the S. transept was added in the 17 th
century.
The most artistic part of the whole building is the ** Tower
(380 ft. high), the earliest and most perfect of its kind. The three
bold and simple stories at once reveal their structural significance ;
the massive square basement, the lofty octagonal bell-tower, and
the airy pyramid of perforated masonry, which the octagon, both in
form and ornamentation, serves harmoniously to connect with the
square base. When viewed cornerwise the entire tower has the
appearance of an uninterrupted pyramid. , — >The four knightly
figures on the buttresses are supposed to be the last members of
the Z&hringen family. On the N. buttresses are carved standard-
measures for loaves of bread, bricks, etc., along with the dates, the
earliest of which is 1270.
The Portico is richly adorned with allegorical sculptures (>f vary-
ing excellence; some of the female figures are specially fine. The
colouring was renewed in the 17th cent, and again in 1879.
On the Cental Fittar of the portal is the Madonnst and Ohild; on the
fiides are representations of the Annunciation and Visitation (right) and
Adoration of the Magi Geft), also of Judaism overthrown (right) and the
Church triumphant (left). In the pediment over the portal is pourtrayed
the farther history of the Saviour down to his return at the Last Day. In
the niches are angels and Biblical and allegorical figures. — On the right of
the portico are the Foolish Virgins, the Seven Liberal Arts, and SS. Catha-
rine and Margaret. On the left are the Wise Virgins, the Heavenly Bride-
groom, Abraham, John the Baptist, Mary Magdalen, Zacharias with the
augel , and finally Wantonness (a nude female form) and Worldliness (a
fashionable youth, with a rose-crowned goblet).
Among tile other sculptures on the exterior of the Minster may be men-
tioned a Romanesque bishop at the S. portal, the Death of the Viigin above
the S. choir-door, and the Creation (14th cent.) above the H^. choir-door.
The ♦iNTBEioK (410 ft. long, 98 ft. wide, 88ft. high), consisting
of nave and aisles, transept, choir, and ambulatory, produces an im-
pression of greater antiquity than the contemporaneous cathedral of
Strassburg , which it resembles in several particulars (e,g, in the
fine rose-windows inserted in square frames at the W. end of the
aisles). The progress of the construction (see above) may be traced
In the increasing elegance , from E. to W., of the capitals in the
to Bale. FREJBURG. 47. Route. 385
bliad arcades of the aisles. The late-Gothic choir terminates in a
wreath of chapels, so arranged that the central axis of the cathedral
10 occupied by a pillar. The church has heen restored sinoe 1880.
It is (Upon daily after 9.30 a.m. (the sacristan , Munster-Platz 29,
admits visitors to the choir ; fee 50 pf .).
y^vB. On the central column of the portal is a fine early- Gothic
Madonna with angels. The twelve Apostles, by the pillars, are somewhat
rongh specimens of sculpture. The Pulpily executed by Jerg Kemff in
1561, is said to be hewn out of a single block of stone ; the portrait of the
artist is introduced under the steps. — The arch at the intersection of
the have and transept is embellished with a fresco by L. Seitty executed in
1877, and rejtresenting the Coronation of the Virgin.
Aiauts. The windows contain good stained glass, chiefly of the 14th cent.,
but largely re-arranged in modern times and patched with glass from other
churches. Two of the windows are modem. — N. Aisle (left). The so-
called erafen-Kapelle , with a Mt. of Olives by /. JT^emp/ (1558), had no
entrance from the interior of the cathedral until 1829. Tombs with modern
marble statues of archbishops of Freibu^. The sculptured groups in the
Chapel of the Eucharist are by Jiov. ffauser (1806). — S. Aislb. To the
right of the SepTdchral Ohapel (lith cent.; exterior 1578) is the tomb of
a knight (14th cent.), said to mark the grave of the last Zihringer (p 88!^.
Tbamsbpts. The Renaissance arcades, removed to their present po-
sition in 1789, were originally erected in 1580 by H. BifHrtger^ as screens
between the choir and transepts. The carved wood-work of the side-altars
is old. That on the right with the Adoration of the Magi, by /. Wv^lfiu
(1505), is the finest. — The curious Bomanesque frieze with scenes from
the mediseyal bestiaries, at the S. entrance to the ambulatory, should be
noticed. In the passage is a l^manesque relief representing Samuel anoint-
ing David.
Choib. On the wall (right) a monument of Oentral de Rodt (d. 1743) ^
on the left, tombstones of a Count and Countess of Freiburg (14th cent);
farther on, modern statues of the last scions of the Zahringen family, by
Jav, Mautm' (19th cent.). — The "Bigh-Altar-PUee is the 'chief work of
Bans Baldung Grien (1611-16): in the centre, Coronation of the Virgin with
the Apostles on each side ; on the left wing, Annunciation and Visitation ; on
the rifht wing, Nativity and Flight into Egypt; below, a carving of the
Adoration of the Magi; on the outside, SS. Jerome and John the Baptist
(left) and SS. Lawrence and George (right). On the back is a Crucifixion,
with poriraits of the donors and painter below.
Cboib Cilapbls. The stained glass (first half of the 16th cent.) is dam*
aged; in some cases the originals have been replaced by copies, and
several of the windows are entirely modem. — 1st Chapel. Winged altar-
Siece (early 16th cent.) : in the centre SS. Augustine, Anthony, and Bochus,
8. Sebastian and Christopher on the wings; as antependium, a wall-
tapestry of 1501, with the Adoration of the Shepherds. Other portions of
this tapestry in the next two chapels. — 2nd (University) ChapeL *Holbexn
the Younger^ Nativity, and Adoration of the Magi, painted about 1520,
brought hither from Bale after the Befbrmation; the paintings on the out-
side are of later date and little value. Next to it, the Portrait of Mich.
Eublin, dated 1600 (covered). Near it are memorial stones to former pro-
fessors. The second Imperial Chapel, to the left behind the high-altar,
contains the remains of the so-called ^Snewlin Altar-piece', by Ham Buidung
Orimj with the Baptism of Christ and St. John in Patmos. — The next
or Bocklin Chapel has a Bomanesque Crucifix in silver-gilt (11 tb cent.). —
The Locherer Ohapel contains an interestittg carved altar-piece, by /. 9ixi
(1534), representing the Madonna, with her protecting robe outspread, and
SS. Anthony and Bernard.
TowBB (open 5.80 a.m. to 6 p.m.). Entrance in the church to the
right of the portal; 828 steps to the highest platform; ticket, 20 pf., ob-
tained at the top. The clock was made by Schwilgu^ in 1862 (oomp.
p. 311) ; the oldest of the bells dates from 1528. ,
Babdbkbb's Bhine. 16th Edit. 25
386 RouU 47. FREIBXIRG. From Baden
Opposite the S. portal of ike Minster are the plain Afch.iepis-
copal Palaeey and the Kanfhans, or Merckanta* Hcdl (PI. 10). The
latter was completed in 1532. In front is a vaulted round-arched
portico , resting on flye pillars , and above it a balcony with two
projecting turrets, covered with coloured tiles and painted arms in
relief; on the outer wall, four small statues of Emperors of Ger-
many. — The Komhdllej on the N. side of the MQnster-Platz, con-
tains a handsome concert-hall.
A little to the S. of the Kaufhaus is the Theatre (PI. 17), in the
former Augustine Church. The adjacent convent now contains the
Municipal Collection of Antiquities^ comprising a few Roman and
numerous medisval antiquities from the neighbourhood of Frei-
burg (altar-pieces and gospels from the convent of Adelhausen),
fine axes from Jutland and other prehistoric objects, and a numis-
matic cabinet (adm. free on Sun., 11-1 ; at other times, 20 pf.). —
The Palace of the Crown Prince (PL 7) is in the Salz-Strasse, which
runs from the Eaiser-Str. to the Schwabentor (see below).
In the N. part of the Kaiser- Strasse (p. 383), opposite the in*
fantry Barracks (PL 9), built by the Austrian Government in 1776,
rises a large War Monument, erected in 1876 to the 14th German
Army Corps and its leader. General von Werder. It consists of a large
granite pedestal, surrounded by figures of soldiers, and surmounted
by a bronze figure of Victory, by C. F, MoesU — A little farther on
is the Protestant Church of St. Lewis (Ludwigs-Kirche) , in the
Romanesque style, erected in 1829-38 with materials from the
ruined abbey- church of Thennenbach. Richly-ornamented portal.
Interior simple and chaste, with paintings by Durr, — In the
Albert-Str., diverging to the left farther on, and in the adjacent
streets are the various buildings of the Medical and ScienUfic Faculties
of the university, and the Botanic Garden (Sautier-Str. 2). — To
the E., in the Earl- Strasse, lies the Old Cemetery; the vestibule
of the chapel (No. 37) contains a Dance of Death, of the 18th cent-
ury. The collections of the Art Society (Karls-Platz 35, near the
Stadt^OaHen, p. 381) include a few ancient paintings, and domestic
utensils from the Black Forest (adm. free on Sun., 11-1 ; at other
times, 20 pf.).
The Kalser-Strasse ends, to the S., at the Xartinator (PL 20),
restored and provided with a turreted roof in 1901. On the wall is
represented St. Martin sharing his cloak with a beggar. — By turning
to the right (W.) and following the Belfort-Strasse, we reach the
new University Library ^ built in the Gothic style, and the A116e-
Garten, pleasantly laid out, and embellished with an artificial water-
fall, the three genii above which represent the three tributaries of
the Dreisam and the industries carried on on their banks.
Passing through the Gerberau, to the E. of th^ Martinstor, and
skirting a bit of the old town-wall, we reach the Schwabentor (PL 21 ;
restored in 1901), on which is an ancient fresco, representing a
to BdU, FREIBUKG. 47. Route, 387
i^wabian peasant driying a wagon laden with wine. From the
Schlessherg-Str., which runs hence to the left, a hroad path to the
light leads through vineyards and past the reservoir of the town
water-works to the *Bohlofliberg, once defended by two castles, which
were destroyed by the French in 1744, during the Bavarian War of
Succession. The ruins are surrounded with pleasure-grounds. Above
the so-called *Kanonen-Platz' (famous view of the Minster), where
a road from Immental joins ours, we reach the Ludwigshohe{i2'^b{t.')f
commanding a fine view; morning-light most favourable. To the N.,
on the 'Saltpetre Rock*, is a Bi$marek Column^ erected by the students.
— One route back to the town leads from the Eanonen-Platz down
some steps, passing RommeVa Sehloaschen (beer-saloon, p. 381);
another leads by the 'Krenz' (wine-restaurant) and Out Sehbneek
(milk) to the Stadt-Garten (p. 381). — Guide-posts Indicate the
path to the highest point of the Schlossberg ('Mond' ; 1490 ft.), the
Hoke Brueke, with the (V4 hr.) Feldberg-BHck.
From the Hohe Brficke footpaths lead to the N.E. viE the Saberbrunnen
to (IV4 hr.) St. OttiUen (1515 ft.), with a chapel and inn, also reached from
the Schlossberg road by a road above the Immen-Tal. — Thence we may
proceed to the (IV4 hr.) Roukopf (2425 ft.), with an iron belvederei and to
the castle of ZShringm (p. 381 \ 2yt hrs.)- — From the Immen-Tal a path
leads to the N. to the J&gerh&iuU (1080 ft. ; garden-restourant). The hiU of
Hebsack^ to the W., commands a fine view of Freiburg.
To the "W. of the railway-station lies the new suburb of SttUilingeri
reached by a viaduct, 186 yds. in length, crossing the line between
Berthold-Str. and Sedan- Str., and commanding a view of the hills
to the W. The conspicuous Hefw-Jesu-KirchCy with its two towers,
dates from 1890-97.
At the S. end of the Eaiser-Str. the Kaiatr-Brucke^ decorated
with four statues of emperors, spans the Preisam. On the left bank
an attractive residential suburb, with two new churches and an
Engliah Chapely has sprung up at Wiehre. The station of that
name (p. 417) lies about 1/2 M. from the Kaiser-BrUcke. Electric
tramway, see p. 382.
On the other side of the railway, to the S.W., 1 M. from the
bridge, rises the Lorettoberg (1090 ft), with a chapel dating from
1667, and a view-tower (inn). View best by evening-light. — At the
foot of the Lorettoberg, on the margin of the Bodlesau, is the health-
resort of i^&^tis, surrounded by pleasure-grounds (pens. 6V2-I6 UQ.
Electric tramway, see p. 382.
The *8ch&nb6rg (2120 ft.), to the W. of the Lorettoberg, reached from
Freiburg in about 2 hrs. via the village of Menhamm and the Jesuiten-
SeMo§» (inn), or from the station of UfThausen (p. 389) in IV2 hr., affords
the beat panorama of the Black Forest chain. iTear the SchOneberger-Hof
is the ruined Schneebvrg.
From Wiehre a shaded path leads by the small reservoir and the
^Frantosm-Schantg'' (Olnmersbohe) in 1/3 hr. to the Waldaee, with a good
garden-restaurant. Thence to Littenweiler (p. 117), 1V« K*
Between the Lorettoberg on the W. and tbe Brothberg on the B. lies the
charming •GeirtBM-TAL (tramway and cabs, see p. 882). At the entrance
to the valley footpaths diverge to the left from the road, and lead along
25*
388 BouU 47. BREISAOH. From Baden
the wooded slopes of the Bromberg. The eleetrk tramway ends about 12 M.
from the Eaiser-Bracke (p. 887) at GKintenthal (SchatdiuUmd; Hirseh; Zum
Kyb/eUen), with an old convent, now an orphanage. Ahont V^ ^' farther
on is the Kybhurg Hotel (very fl»iri pens, from o^/s •#), whence we may
return through the beautiful pine-foresti on the 8.W. side of the- valley,
vl& the (Vs lur J LvisenMhe (Inn, pens. 6-8 •#) and the Lorettoberg, to Frei-
burg. Attractive paths lead through the woods, both from the entrance
of the Giinters-Tal, near the Villa Miitehei'Ut^^ to the S.E., and to the B.
from Guntersthal to the Kpb/eU (2750 ft. t view), 7Vs X. from Freiburg.
The 'Schan-ins-Land, or Erxkasten (4220 ft.; eomp. Map, p. 444), the
nearest of the higher mountains of the Black Forest, commanding u view
resembling that from the Blauen (p. 427), may be ascended in 41/2 hrs. (driv-
ing practicable). The route leads by OOntersthal (electr. tramway see above),
beyond which we follow the Horben road through the picturesque valley
watered by the Bohrerbach to the Bohrer Restaurant. 45-50 min. from the
terminus of the electric tramway. The carriage-road then ascends by the
Bdgendobel (8 M.; gradient '6:1). Walkers remain in the valley for Vtl^*
more, then ascend to the left, by the new *Haibrains-Weg', cutting off the
first great bends of the road, follow the road for about V* hr. more, and
then avoid a curve by another footpath. The Raethausy a small but good
inn, 2 hrs. from the Bohrer Bestaurant, lies 10 min. below the summit.
The Schau-ins-land is rich in minerals (argentiferous lead and zinc-
blende) for the extraction of which a tunnel has been made through the
mountain to a distance of IV4 H. The S. end of the tunnel is in the
Hofegrund^ about V4 1^'* to the S.E. of the summit, and the N. end at the
head of the Kappeler-Tal, whence a suspension- railway, nearly 41/3 M. long,
brings the ore down to the works to be treated.
About V4 l^r. to the S. of the summit is the Halde (3840 ft), a popular
health-resort, with a good inn (pens. i]/2-b^/2 Jf). Thence to the Soiechrei
(p. 418), 'A hr. ; from it direct to the Feldberg (p. 422), 2»/2 hl-s. — The
Belchen (p. 429) lies 3Vt hrs. to the S.W. of the Schau-ins-Land, aee p. 423.
F&OM FB.BiBUito TO CoLMAR (27 ^/g M.), railway in 1 1/4-27? ^irs.
(fares 4 Jf 20, 2 uif 90, 1 uif 80 pf.).
The line traverses the Mooswaldj a marshy tract, crosses the
Dreisam Canal j and turns to the W., between the undulating slopes
of the Tuni-Berg on the left, and the Kalserstukl (p. 380) on the
right. 41/2 M. Hugstetten (Kreuz). — 71/2 M. Oottenheim (Adler j
Deutscher Kaiser) is the S. terminus of the railway skirting the E.
side of the Kaiserstuhl (p. 380). — 91/2 M. WasenweiUr; 11 V4 M.
Ihringen (Hirseh; Ochs), with noted vineyards.
14^2 M. Breisach or Alt-Breisach (626 ft. ; Deutscher Kaiser or
Postf Salmen, both very fair), the Roman Mons BrisiacuSy a pictur-
esque old town, with 3600 inhab., lies on and at the foot of a rock
rising abruptly to a height of 260 ft. above the Rhine, which was
an important fortress, regarded as the key of S. Germany. After
1331 it belonged to Austria; in 1638 it was taken after a long
siege by the Swedes under Bernhard von Weimar ; after his death
(1639) it was garrisoned by the French until 1697. After varying
fortunes it was restored to Austria in 1714, and destroyed by the
French in 1793.
On the highest point in the town (745 ft.) rises the Minster ofSt^
Stephen, a cruciform edifice, recently testored. The choir (supported
by an open substructure), the S. tower, and the W. half of the nave
are Gothic, dating from the 14th cent. ; the transept and N. tower
toBdle. MOlLHEIM. 47, Route. 389
are Romanesque. In the interior are a l)eautifal rood-loft of the
latter part of the 15th cent., and a large Gothie winged altar-piece
(Coronation of the Virgin) in carved wood (1526). Two large
pictures in the choir by Diirr, 1851. The treasury contains some
interesting works of art. Fine view from the terrace. — In the
^Sehlosa-Oarten' (Wihler's Restaurant) is a tower erected in honour
of Colonel Talla (d. 1828), an officer of engineers. To the S. rises
the Eckardsberg, with fragments of an old fortress. — A pleasant
walk may he taken across the bridge-of-hoats to the left hank of the
Rhine (Restaurant zur Rheinhrilcke), which commands a fine view
of the town, the Black Forest, and the Yosges.
Kaiskb^tdhi. Railway to Burkheim (Sponeck), etc., see pp. 380, 381.
The railway now crosses the Rhine hy means of an iron bridge.
— 16 M. NeU'Breisachj a small fortress, constructed by Vauban in
1703, and taken by the Germans in 1870, after a siege of eight
days. — 221/2 M. Sundhofen. — 271/2 M. Colmar, see p. 324.
From Fbbibu&o to Bale (881/2 M.), railway in I-21/4 hrs.
ffares 5 Jf, 3 uif 30, 2 Jf 10 pf.; express - fares 5 uif 70, 4 uif,
2 Jf SO pf.). The train skirts the vine-clad W. spurs of the Black
Forest. Stations Vffhausen (for local trains only; fare 10 pf,),
8t, Oeorgen, and Schallstadt
91/2 M. Krotzingen (Badischer Hof, at the station) Is the junc-
tion for a branch-line vik (II/4 M.) Ober- Krotzingen ^ (3 M.) Staufen
(p. 430), Orunem (41/2 M.), and (51/2 M.) Ballrechten-Dottingen,
to (7 M.) Snlzbnrg (1115 ft.j Zum Markgrafen; Hirsch), a town
with 1230 inhab. and a church belonging to a Benedictine abbey
founded In 995. The environs are prettily wooded, and good wine
is grown on the Kastelberg. A pretty road leads from Sulzburg to
(21/2 M. ; cab 2 J() Bad Sulzburg (1515 ft. ; Kurhaus , very fair),
situated 6V2 M. from Badenweiler (p. 425), by a pleasant route
through the woodi Ascent of the Belchen from Bad Sulzburg,
4.41/2 hrs., see p. 429.
From Krotzingen onwards the Belchen (p. 429) is visible on
the left. The small town of (13 M.) Heiteriheim (740 ft.; Kreuz),
once the seat of the Master of the Maltese Order, is ^4 M. from
the station. — 15 M. Buggingen,
18^/2 M. Xftllheim. — Hotels. BAHNHOF-HdTEL, at the station, with
garden and restaurant, R. 11/4-2, B. »/4 Jt, very fair. — Post, Lowb, in the
town, B. li/t, D. l»/t-2 J(. — Ratlicav R€*tattrant. — Steam -tramway to
BadenweUer, see p. 425. Travellers arriving late are recommended to pass
the night at Miillheim, as the hotels at Badenweiler are often full.
Muilheim (760 ft.) is a thriving little town of 3170 inhab., lying
on the hillside, II/4M. from the station, and extending for about 1 M.
up the valley of the Klemmbach , through which runs the roaid to
Badenweiler. It has new Prot. and Rom. Cath. churches, and is
noted for the Markgrafler wine produced in the neighbourhood. —
Branch-railway to Mulhausen, see p. 328.
390 RouU48. BLACK FOREST.
191/4 M. Auggen (Bir), with a handsome charch; 21i/s M.
Sehliengtn (790 ft.). — The line now approaches the Rhine, whieli
is here dlTided hy islands into seyeral arms. Best views to the right.
231/2 M. BeUingm; 26 M. RkdnweOer; 28 M. KUMtems. — The
line winds along the hillside high ahove the riyer. Three short
tunnels pierce the *Iiteiner Kloi%\ a limestone cliff with new forti-
fications, to (30 M.) Istein, a picturesque village with a ehitean
of Baron Freystedt. 31 M. Efringen-Kkchen. — Beyond (33V2 M.)
Ekneldingen (875 ft.) the train crosses the Kander; fine view. 35 M.
HaUingm is the junction for a branch-line to Kandem (p. 428).
36 M. Lieopoldahohey whence hranch-lines diverge to the right
to 8t. Ludwig (p. 328) and to the left to Lorraeh (p. 432). The
train now crosses the Wiese, and stops at the station of (38V2 M.)
Klein-Baselj 3/^ M. from the Rhine-bridge and connected with the
central station at Bile (3 M.) by a junction-line.
B&Ie. — Hotels. •Tbom Rois, on the Rhine j *Sm8sa, •Natiohal, •Vic-
TOBiAf *ECLEa, etc, near the central station. — In the town: H6t. db
L^EuaoPB; MftTBOPOLx; Gbvtbal^ Badbb amRhbzn; Waob; Stoboh. — At
Klein- Btuel: HStbl Kbajft, on the Rhine; BaslbbHoy; Schbibdbb, near
the station.
BSlU (870 ft.; pop. 121,000), a busy commercial place, is first
mentioned in 374 as Basilta. In the middle ages it was a free city
of the empire, and in 1501 it became a member of the Swiss Con-
federation. The MinBter was erected in the Transition style after
1185, and was consecrated in 1365. The towers and the adjoining
cloisters date from the 15th century. Extensive view from the Pfal%^
a terrace behind the Minster. The Museum (open daily, fee 1 fr.), in
the street leading from the Minster to the bridge, is chiefly valuable
for its collection of paintings and drawings by Holbein the Younger
(b. at Augsburg 1497, d. at London 1543), who lived at Bale in
1515-26 and 1528-32. There are also a number of good works by
modem painters (Yautler^ Calame, Girardet, Bocklin, etc.). The
Historical Museum in the old Barfiisser-Kirche is very interesting.
Bile contains several other interesting buildings, such as the JSat-
haiu of 1508, and the Spdhlentoty built in 1400, formerly one of
the town-gates. For farther details, see Baedekers Switserland,
48. The Black Forest (Duchy of Baden),
Tour of twelve days from Baden. 1st. Alte Sohloss at Baden-Baden, Bber-
and AUerheiUgen, 6 hrs. (pp. 5^4, 9UD, VA)). — 4th. Kniebis, Hippoldsao. and
Wolfach, 9V2 hrs. (pp. 4C«, 411, 410? drive from Rippoldsau if desired). —
5th. Railway to Homberg, walk thence to (5 hrs.) Triberg vi& Althomberg
(pp. 406, 406). — 6th. Brend, Giitenbach, and Kandel, 9V2 hrs. (pp. 414-16). —
7th. Waldkirch j railway to Freiburg (pp. 416, 381). — 8th, Railway through
the Hollen-Tal to the Titisee 5 ascent of the Feldberg (p. 42()), 4 hrs. walk-
ing. — 9th. (Herzogenhom, p. 423), St Blasien, Hochenschwand, &Vs bra.
(p. 435). — 10th. By the Albstrasse to Albbrock (p. 486); raUway to Wehr
BLACK FOREST. 48, RouU, 391
({>. 133). — Uih. Wehra-Tal to Todtmoosan (p. 433), ria Gerabach and
Hohe Mdhr to Zell (p. 431), railway to Schonau (p. 430). — 12th. Belchen
(p. 429), Blaaen, and Badenweiler, 9 hrs. (p. 427).
The Schwarzioald-Verein (annual subscription 5 •#) has greatly facil-
itated pedestrian excursions throughout the entire district, by making
footpaths, erecting guide-posts, etc. The so called Hohbnwbo, which
runs from Pforzheim (p. 367), via Wildbad (p. 368), Sand (p. 393), Hornis-
grinde (p. 394) , Ruhstein (p. 396), Kniebis (p. 403), Hausach (p. 406),
Schonach (p. 4(38), Brend (p. 414), Thumer (p. 418), Titisee (p. 419), to the
Feldberg (p. 422), and thence either via the Belchen (p. 429), Blauen (p. 427),
and Kandern (p. 423), or vi& the Herzogenhorn (p. 423), Blossling (p. 434).
Huchkopf (p. 423), Hohe Mohr (p. 431), and Schweigmatt (p. 431) to Bale,
is marked throughout by a red parallelogram on a white ground. The
approach-routes, e.g from Baden-Badea to Sand, are marked with a blue
parallelogram on a white ground. Oomp. Buuemer's 'Der Hdhenweg* (Ferd.
Spies, Baden-Baden, 60 pf.).
Gtclists find excellent roads, not only in the valleys but also in the
more elevated regions of the Black Forest, though, of course, the gradients
are often steep.
Inni. Good inns are found practically everywhere. Living, even in
the remotest districts, is no longer so remarkably cheap as formerly \ the
following is the average scale : R. IV2-2V2 Jf, B. 60 pf. to 1 Jf, D. IV2-2V3 UT,
pens, from 4 or 6 Uf . In engaging rooms beforehand it is always necessary
to follow up the preliminary letter or telegram with a second, definitely
accepting the terms offered by the landlord.
Of all the wooded districts of Germany, none presents so beau-
tiful and varied landscapes as the Black Forest or Schwartwald^
especially the W. portion, belonging to Baden, the spurs of which
decline precipitously towards the plain of the Rhine, whilst the £.
slopes are more gradual. The Kinzig-Tal (p. 404) divides the moun-
tains of the Black Forest Into two portions, which are also distinct
in regard to their geological formation: viz. the Lowbk Bla.ok Fo&est
to the N. , consisting chiefly of variegated sandstone, and cul-
minating In the Homisgrindc (3325 ft. ; p. 394) ; and the Uppeb
BLA.OKFoKBSTtotheS., In which granite and gneiss predominate, and
of which the Feldberg (4000 ft.; p. 422), the Herzogenhorn (4650 ft.;
p. 423 J, the Belchen (4640 ft.; p. 429), and the Bdrhalde (4330 ft.)
are the highest mountains. The lower heights are covered with
fragrant pine-forests ; at about 3250 ft. trees become sparser ; and
ahoYe 3950 ft. grass only is found. The populous valleys are generally
fertile and well cultivated, and mineral springs are numerous.
The staple commodity Is timber, which is floated dJwn the prin-
cipal streams to the Rhine , where larger rafts are constructed and
navigated to Holland. The great timher-merchants, locally called
*Schlflfer*, have been for centuries formed into the so-called
^Schiffer-Gesellschaften* (p. 396), whose profits are divided In shares
termed ^Stamme'. Their extensive forests are known as 'Schiffer-
wald' in contradistinction to the *Herrschaftllche Wald*, or private
property. The chief branch of industry In the Black Forest is dock-
making, while straw-hats, brushes, and wooden wares are also
largely manufactured. In this prosperous district beggars are un-
known. In some of the remoter valleys the women stlU wear their
national costume, especially on Sundays.
S92 SouU48. HEBBENALB. Black Forest.
ft. From CftrlimlLe aad Bttlingen or from Oemibftcli to Herrenalb.
From Garlsruhe, 16 M., Elbotbic Railway (AlbUlbalm) in about l^/t hr.
(fares 2 UT 50, 1 UT 70 pf. ; from Ettlingen 1 UT 20, 80 pf.).
From Gemsbacb, 7vs M., Diligbncb twice daily in summer in 2 hra. $
caniage-and-pair 12 Jt.
The Elbotsio Bailwat, starting at the Mess-Platz, near the
central railway-station (PI. D, 3) In Carlsnihe, runs vi& Buppur to
(5 M.) Ettlingen (p. 365), where it- enters the industrial valley of
the Alb. — From (7 M.) Busenbaeh a branch-line runs vii Itters-
bach to Pforzheim (21 1/2 M.; p. 367). — Beyond (12 M.) MarxzeU,
at the mouth of the MaUehbaeh, the Alb-Tal contracts. — 13^2 ^*
Frauenalb (Klosterhof), with a convent, founded in 1138 and sup-
pressed In 1803, now private property. At the Steinhausle we cross
the boundary of Wurtemberg. — 16 M. Herrenalb.
The BoAD F&OM Gbrnsbach (p. 395) to Hebrenalb ascends to
the N.E., crosses the Wurtemberg boundary, and reaches (3 M.)
Loffenau (1050 ft.; Adler; Lowe), a long village with a new red
sandstone church. Thence we may ascend the (l^i ^'0 ^eufeU"
muhle (2975 ft. ; refuge-hut; from Herrenalb, see below). — From
Loffenau the road ascends to the (2V2 M.) Kdppele (1745 ft.), shortly
before which a flnger-post indicates the way to the (1^2 ^0 ^^^••
kopf (2195 ft.), commanding another fine view. From the KSppele
to Herrenalb is a descent of 21/2 M. A considerable saving Is effected
by the footpath which diverges to the left (flnger-post) about 100
paces beyond the church.
Herrenalb. — Hotels. *Eubhads Hbbbenalb (Dr. Mermagen)^ a hydro*
Sathic establishment, pens. 60-70 Jt weekly ; Eub-Hotbl A Savatobiuh
dumelsbobg, with baths, pens. 5-8 Jf ; Falkbnsteik, pens. 6-10 •#; HdxBL
OoHSBV or Post, R. 1V24, pens. Si/j-iO Jf ; Soknb, pens. 6-7 Jl; *Bbllbvdb,
pens. 6-7 Jt; Stbbnbm; Kuhlbb Bbdnnen. pens. 6 «#, very fair. — J^^ate
ApartmenU. — Visitors'' Tax^ i M for 6-13 days, 6-8 Jl for a fortnight op
more. — Convertationshaiu^ with reading and entertainment rooms, on the
left bank of the Alb.
Herrenalb (1200. ft.), a village with 1300 Inhab., on both banks of
the Alb, Is frequented on account of its equable and somewhat moist
climate. The once celebrated Benedictine abbey, founded In 1148,
was destroyed by the Swedes In 1642. The steward's offices are now
Incorporated in the Kurhaus. The church contains the tomb of the
Margrave Bemhard of Baden (d. 1431), with a recumbent figure.
In the churchyard are remains of cloisters of the 12th cent., with
tombs of the abbots and a portal of the 15th century.
Pleasant walk of 20 min. to the Falisnttein (1426 ft.), a hnge granite
rock rising from the valley. — Other ezcorsions may be made vi& the
BisMwasen (1866 ft.) and the Groue Loch (2640 ft.) to the (21/4 lu-s.) refuge-hut
on the Teu/BlsmUhle (see above); to the S.E. via Oaisthal to the (3Va hrs.)
Hohloh (p. 368) ; and to the view-tower on the Malberg (2006 ft.), etc. *
Fbom Hbbbbnalb to Wildbad (p. 868), 8 M. The road runs via (8»/« M.)
Dc^el (Sonne , pens, from 4Vs •#} very fair ; Waldhorn ; extensive view
from the Signca 2370 ft., 1/4 M.) and the EyachrMIXhU (1670 fk). Shorter
footpaths throngii the woods. — Diligence to HOfm^ see p. 857.
s
BUu^ Forest, SAND. 48, BouU, 39S
b. From Bfthl throngh fiie BQMer^Tal to the Sand (Pl&ttig) and
Hnndteck, and to Allerheiligen vi& the Homisgrinde and the
Bnhstein.
- From B&U to Oberffialy S>/4 M., branch-railway in 22 min. (fares 45,
30 pf.)i thence omnibiu every morning to the OertelbacTi-Tal (80 pf.), Wis-
den/elun (L Ui^ 80), Sand (2 UT 20), and Eundteck (2 ^ 50 pf.). Families
with luggage should hire from Btihl (or even from Baden-Baden) : to the
Wiedenfelsen (2 hrs.) 14 Jt, 8and (SVs ^ra.) 16, Plattig 16, Hundseck 18 Uf.
— On Foot: fh)m Oberthal to the Sand or direct to the Hundseck, 2V2 hrs. ^
ascent of the Homisgrihde from the Hundseck,^ 2V4 brs. ; thence to Ruh-
stein 3-31/2 hrs., and to Allerheiligen 1^/4 hr. more^
Buhl J see p. 378. The railway, mainly used for goods-trafflc,
ascends the industrial B&hler-Tal) or valley of the BuUott, From
ly^ M.) Kapp^lwindeck we may reach the rain of Alt- Windeek
jp. 378) in 1 hr., via Biegel^ and then follow paths through wood to
the (2V4 lire.) Hundseck (p. 394). — 21/2 M. AUsehwderi 3 M.
Buhlerthal (Griiner Baum ; Engel). — 38/4 M. Oberthal (Badischer
Hof ; Wolf) is the terminus.
The road forks here, the left arm leading to the Schwanenwastn
pil5 ft. ; Kur-Hotel, R. 1V2-3V2, B. 1 , D. 21/2, S. 13/*, pens.
6-8 Jf; omnibus from Baden-Baden 21/2 UJT, p. 374), the right to
the Sand and Plattig. We follow the latter. About 1 M. from Ober-
thal a road diverges on the right for (li/2 M.) Buchkopf, a summer-
resort, f'arther on, on the right, is the 8<iiindelpeter Jnnf and to
the left is a picturesqe footpath ascending via the Falkenfels and
Fohrenfelt to the (li/4 hr.) Plattig (see below). The road continues
to ascend the valley of the Wiedenbach, and beyond a sharp curve
(3 M. from Oberthal), where a footpath for the (40 min.J Sand
diverges to the left, makes a bend and reaches the *Kurh(ius Wieden"
feUm (2270 ft. ; R, from 2, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens. 6-8 UT), which
commands a beautiful view down the valley.
Walkers take the narrow road which diverges to the right about 2V4 H.
firom Oberthal and lead» in 00 min. to the Waldhom Inn, at the mouth of
1^ ^0ertel!>ach-Sehlucht. An easy footpath ascends through the pictur-
esque ravine, at the (35 min.) head of which is a guide-post indicating the
route to the (40 min.) Hundseck (p. 394). We, however, turn to the left
and reach the (5 min.) road, V« K> ^^^^ the Kurhaus Wiedenfelsen.
About 1/4 M. beyond the Kurhaus the road again curves to the
N. (to the right Is the above-mentioned path to the Gertelbach-
Schlucht), and, after passing the Barenfels (Sohwarzwald Hotel,
pens, from 6 Uf), it reaches its highest point (2715 ft.) at the
Band (41/3 M. from Oberthal, II/2 M. from Wiedenfelsen). The
Vwn am Sand (R. 2-6, J>. 3, pens. 61/2-IO UT), the oldest of the
many summer-resorts in this part of the Black Forest, is situated
at the intersection of the roads from the Btlhler-Tal to the Murg-
tal and from Baden to the Hundseck vilL the PUttig. — About
1 M. to the N. iff the Plftttig (*fiot«{, pens. 5V2-8 uff), known also as
Ober-Pl&tHg to distinguish it from Vnter-PUitHgj a forester's house
1/2 M. to the N.E. Hence to Baden-Baden via the Gerolsau Water-
fall, 11 M., see p. 374.
394 Boute48.^Map,p.392. HUNDSEOK. Blcu^ Forest.
On the Margt&l road, IV2 ^* ^ ^^ £. of the Sand, lies the
smaU vUlage of Herrenwies (2490 ft. ; Auerhakn, B. 1 V2-^) !>• ^V2r
pens.- from 5 Uf , very fair), in an upland plain watered hy the
8chwar%enbach. The load descends the valley of that stream to (6 M.)
Raumunxach (p. 397).
The road leading to the S. from the Sand passes the (1 M.)
Hund8eck(2900 ft.; *Kurhau8, R. 2-4, D. 3, board 41/2^), on the
road leading from BQhl yi& the Windeck to Hundshach (Kurhans,
unpretending) and the Baumiinzach-Tal.
Pleasant forest-paths radiate from all these summer-resorts. From the
Plattig (in I1/4 hr.) and the Sand (in 1 hr. ; less from Herrenwies) we may
ascend to the tower (100 ft. high) on the Badeaer H5he (3287 ft.), which
commands a most eztensire panorama. We may then descend to the K.,
viSk the Neuhaw and the falls of the Qrimbaeh^ to (iV4 hr.) the Gerolsau
Fall (p. 374) J or via the Scherrhof to Lichtenthal (p. 378); or, skirting the
Seekopf (^^i&i ft.), we may proceed to the E. to the Herrmuieser See (2720 ft. ;
4V» acres) and return to the 8.W. along the slope to (2Vs hrs.) Herrenwies. —
The Mehliskopf (3310 ft. \ view-tower) may be ascended from the Sand or
the Hundseck in V4 hr. ; and the Hohe Ochsenkopf (3460 ft. ; view) in 1 hr.
from Herrenwies.
From the road to Bfthl vi4 the Windeck the *H6henweg* (p. 391)
diverges opposite the Hundseck Eurhaus and leads in 50 min. to
the cross-roads at the Untermiatt (3050 ft. ; stone hut). A guide-
post here indicates the routes to Breitenbrunnen and Achem (right)
and (straight on) to the Homisgrinde (2*/2M. ; after ^/z^t, we diverge
to the right from the road ; footpath to the tower, ^U hr. more). The
route vi& BrdUnbrunnen (2655 ft,; Inn, B. 11/4-272 UT, B. 85 pf.,
pens. 4^2-7 Uf), a summer- resort IV2 M. to the S.W., on the road
to Achern (8 M. ; carr. 10-14 Jf), is not much longer than the direct
route. "We follow the cart-road immediately to the left of the inn,
cross the (20 min.) bed of a torrent (usually dry) , and in 40 min.
more reach the summit of the Homisgrinde.
The bare and marshy summit of the Homisgrinde (3820 ft), on
which a tower 82 ft. in height is being erected, is the highest point
in the N. portion of the Black Forest. The view is extensive, but
frequently shrouded in mist: to the £. the Swabian Alb and the
cones of the Hohgau ; S. the heights of the Black Forest, and beyond
them the Alps ; S.W. the Kaiserstuhl and Vosges ; W. the vast plain
of the Rhine ; nearly opposite rises the spire of Strassburg Minster,
and on a mountain in the foreground the extensive ruins of the
Brigittenschloss ; N. the mountains around Baden. Guide-posts in-
dicate the numerous routes from this point.
Fbom thb HoANisaniNDE TO Allb&hbiliobn (4 hrs. ; lOi/4 M.,
to the Ruhstein 61/45 via the Hohenweg, p. 391). The path descends
In windings to the S. to (20 min.) the Xommelsee (3385 ft. ;
^Va acres), a gloomy little lake, surrounded by pine-clad mountains,
and popularly believed to be inhabited by water-sprites (Mummel^
Chen). By the Seebachy the brook issuing from the lake on the S., is
an Inn (pens. 41/2-6 Ujf).
Bku^Forett. BUHSTEIN. Map,p.392,--48.BouU. 395
From the Mummelsee we may descend ia >A-1 br. to the Wol/sbnmnen
Inn on the Ottenhdfen and Buhstein road (p. 999).
Following the road , we reach in i/g hr. the two huts on the
mountain -saddle at the SeibeUeckU (^lAX) 11.} ^ on the road from
Soh5nmunzaoh to the Mummelsee. A stone here marks the boundary
between Wurtemberg and Baden. Numerous guide-posts. Our
route ('bessere Weg nach Wildsee', 2^/^ M.) leads to the S., skirting
the Schwarzenkopf lSb20 ft.) and the AUe Steigerskopf (3585 ft.), to
(1 hr.) a refuge-hut (3360 ft.) , 360 ft. above the picturesque and
isolated W%t4»ee. (Comp. also Map, p. 398.) After 1/4 br. more we
cross a broader path and follow the footpath straight on through
wood to (1 M. farther) —
Euhatein (2995 ft. ; ^Klumpp's Inn, D. 21/2, pens. 5-6V2 UT,
often quite full in summer), situated at the highest point of the road
from Achern to the Murgtal (p. 394) , on the saddle between the
Alte Steigerskopf and the Vogelskopf, 6 M. from Ottenhofen, lOi/2 M.
from Baiersbronn, and 16i/2M. from Freudenstadt (p. 412 j dili-
gence daily in summer).
The H5henweg (p. 391) ascends from Ruhstein to the Vogdikopf^ then
foUows the fronUer to the (iV2 hr.) ScJdi^kopf iSy^ M.; p. 401), and in
another IV2 hr. reaches the Zt^lucht (41/2 M. j p. 401).
From Buhstbin to Allbrhbilioen, 1^2 ^'* ^^ follow the road
to the W.y cross the boundary in a few minutes, ascend the broad
carriage-road to the left for 8 min., take the footpath to the left,
and in 6 min. reach a fork. We avoid the path to the left (^Aller-
heiligen 6.4 km.') and follow the easier path to the right (*Aller-
heiligen 7.1 km/), which skirts the Melkereikopf (^S3S ft) and joins
the (^4 hr.) Ruhstein road a little short of its junction with the road
from Ottenhofen (p. 399). From the junction a short-cut, to the right,
crossing the road twice, leads to Allerheiligen (p. 400) in i/2 hr.
0. The Xurgtal from Bastatt to Baiersbronn and thence to
Trendenstadt. From Schdnmfinsach to the Homisgrinde*
From Bastatt to Weisenhach, 13 M., Railway in i^/s hr. (fares 1 •# 60,
I Jt lO pf.). — Road from Weisenbach to Schdnmwuach, 11 M. (diligence
twice daily in 8 hra.) *, thence to Bcdersbronnj 8>/s M. (diligence twice daily
in ai/t hrs.); and thence to Ruhstein IO1/2 M. (diligence daily from Jane Ist
to Sept. 15ih). — Ascent of the HomUgrindt from Schonm&nzach on foot,
41/2 hrs.} thence to AlterheiUgen vift Ruhstein 4 hrs. (8Vr9 hrs. in all).
BcutatU see p. 366. The railway ascends the right bank of the
Murg, — 2V2 M. Kuppenheim (Ochs), a small town with 2000 in-
hab., on the left bank of the Murg, which is here spanned by an
iron bridge. The FavoriU (p. 376) Ues 1 M. to tbe S.W.
The ralley now begins to contract. — 572 M. Bothenfelt, with a
small chiteau of Princess Sophia of Lippe-Detmold and a mineral
spring (♦Bath House, pens. 5-6 Jf). — 61/4 M. 0aggenau (Gruner
Hof), with considerable iron-works; 8 M. HSrdten.
10 M. Oemibaeh. — RaOway station below the town, on the right
bank of the Murg. ~ Hotels. At the Station: Wilder Mann, with large
396 BouU48.''Mapyp.392. GERNSB1.CH. Blaek Fored,
beer-garden; LdWB, near tlie bridge. -^ In the Tomn <on the left bank of
the Marg, near the bridge): Goldbnbb Stbkn, E. from IVtf B. */«> B. 1V«
6 2Vt, pens. ftomt^ltJf; Kronk, B. 1V4-2, pens. i-i}/tJ[; these two very
fair. — To the S. of the Town (near the station of Sehenem, see below) :
Pfbiffkk's Bad-Hotbl, with garden and baths of all kinds, B. 2-3, pens.
6V2-8 Jl. — Lodgimge obuined by application to the *Kar-Ooinit^» Bleieh*
Str. 7.
Oarriages (no tariff, previous arrangement recommended). To or from
the station, with two horses IVst with one horse 1 •#. -~ To Schloss Bber-
stein, with two horses 6 Uf, with one horse 4 Uf ; to Baden direct^ 9 or
7 Uf ; to Baden via Schloss Eberstein, 12 or 8 •#; to Herrenalb, 18 or 12 j$:
to Wildbad, 30 or 20 UT.
Qemshach (525 ft.), on the Murg^ is an ancient' &nd thriving
little town, with 2740lnhab., and frequented as a summer resi-
dence. It is the headquarters of the *MurgtaI - Schiffer - Gesell-
schaft', a company which has existed for centuries and owns 16,000
acres of forest (comp. p. 391"). The Rathaus^ with its corner-oriel,
built in 1617 (restored in 1886}, is a good example of the Renais-
sance style. The Prottstani Church contains the tombs of a Count
and Countess of Eberstein (16th cent.).
From Qernsbach to Herrenalb^ see p. 392. The attractive ascent (2»/4 hrs.)
of the TeufeUmUMe (p. 392) may also be made from the station of Scheuem
(see below) vi& the Fechtenbackel or via Scheuem and the Bockertfels.
From the road ascending the valley of the Murg (p. 377), at the
upper end of Gernsbach, a road diverges to the right to (IVg M.)
*8chl08B Eberstein (101 5 ft.), mentioned in the 13th cent., afterwards
destroyed, and in 1798 rebuilt under the name of ^NeU'Eberstciti',
Pedestrians may choose the path diverging from the road 5 mln.
farther on, at the Klingel-Ka'ptUe^ and ascend by the cliff of Chrafen"
tprung (view -temple). The castle is delightfully situated on a
wooded eminence, high above the Murg, and commands a beautiful
and extensive view. It contains ancient relics, weapons, paintings,
etc. Refreshments at the steward^s.
A footpath descends to the 8. from the castle to Obertsroth (see below).
^ Pedestrians fnay reach (^/x M.) Baden from Sehloas Eberstein in V/4 hrs.
by the road mentioned at p. 317, via MttUenbild, and LiehtenthaL Car-
riages take IV2 hr. The road leads through fine woods.
The Railway next reaches the stations of (lOi/2 M.) Scheuem
(Stern; Auerhahn), Obertsroth (11 M.; Blume, very fair, peag.
4^2-6 uff), the village of which name is on the left bank of the
Murg, and (12 M.) HUbertsau^ on the right bank, to which also the
higl^-road here crosses. — 12^2 M. ReichcrUhoUr - Strasse is the
sUtion for the village of Reichenthal (1330 ft; Auerhahn), 2V2 H.
to the E.
A pleasant road leads from Reichenthal viH the shooting-lodge of
KaUenbronn (p. 358) and past the Bohloh (3245 ft. ; view-tower), on the right,
to 0yz-R hrs.) Wildbad. The footpath vii the Eomberg and the Bomsee
(2980 ft) is shorter.
13 M. WeiaeabaelL (635 ft. ; Oruner Baum, gens, dt^/^i JK,
very fair), with a modern Gothic church, saw-mills, etc., is the ter-
minus of the railway.
The High Road (diligence, see p. 396 > railway under construe-
Black Forest, FOEBACH. MapiP.392. — 48, Route. 397
tion) follows the right bank of the Murg, th^ Yalley of which, as far
as Schonmiinzaoh , is wild and beautiful. Pedestrians are recom-
mended to take the picturesque path on the left bank. The rocks
are granite. The brown stream flows at the foot of the Talley amid
grey rocks and green meadows, while the slopes are richly wooded
with pines, firs, and a few beeches. The hamlet of Au lies pictur-
esquely on the left bank.
The valley becomes narrower and wilder. Beyond a large wood-
pulp and paper mill we reach (1^/4 M\ from Weisenbaoh) Langen-
brand (&7Q it. ; Ochs). Tunnel. 2% M. Gausbach {iOOOfU; Wald-
horn, very fair). Near (8/4 M.) Forbach the road crosses the Murg.
6 M. (from Weisenbach) Forbaoh (1090 ft. ; ♦ Oriiner Hof,
Frkdriehshoff near the new bridge-, Krone or Postf farther on), a
thTiving village (1800 inhab.), with a picturesque Romanesque
church on a hill {1889), to the finett point in the valley.
The Duu^GT BouTB from Badbk to Fobbagh (13 AL) follows the new
road at the Fish Breeding Establishment (p. 374; iVs M. from Baden) to
0/2 M.) Gauhach and (iV4 M.) Schmalbach (1325 ft.), beyond which we
take the path through the woods, indicated by finger-posts, surmounting
the Rote Lacht (2290 ft. s refuge -hut), to (41/2 M.) BermtrOxxch (1360 ft. ;
Blume, very fi^) and forhach.
From Forbach to Hbrrbmwies, 4 hrs., vi& the *H6henweg* (p. 891).
About Vz tf • above Forbach we leave the road for the zigzag path to the
right, which ascends through fine woodi to (2V2 hrs.) the Herrenwieser See
(p. 394), and thence in »/4 hr. to the Badener HiJhe (p. 394). — ViS the
Hohloh and Kaltenbronn to Wildbady see p. 358.
Beyond Forbach the Murgtal, although more secluded, con-
tinues grand and beautiful, especialJy when viewed downstream at
the saw-mills on the Eolderbach^ 11/4 M. from Forbach. About
2V2 M. farther on, at the village of Baumiinzaeh (1306 ft.; Griiner
Baum], the river of that name falls into the Murg.
About V2 M. above the confluence the Baumiinzaeh is augmented by the
Sehwarzbach^ which forms a picturesque waterfall below the *Fallbriicke\ —
ffimdsbach (p. 394) lies 2 hrs. farther up the valley of the Baumiinzaeh.
A road leads through the valley of the Schwarzbach to (51/2 M.) Herren-
vHe» (p. 394).
6M. (from Forbach) 8ch5nman«ach (1600 ft.; Waldhom, R.
1-3, pens. 5-7 J(; Post, B. 1-2 V2, B. 8/4 Jf, very fair; Schiffy
unpretending but very fair), the first village in Wurtemberg, con-
tains glass-works, and is a favourite summer-resort. The Schon-'
munsach falls Into the Murg here. To the Hornisgrinde, see p. 398.
Numerous walks in the woods. Carriage to the Seibelseckle 14, to
Ottenhofen 20, to AUerheiligen 28 Jf.
A woodland-path diverging after 7 min. from a road to the right, about
V4 H. above Sehdnrnfineach, ascends to the (40 mia.) Sehleu /i»n, on the
sita of the former castle of Bauenfds (view). Thence a footpath descends
to the ('/4 hr.) Saw ifi/l, beyond which we have another fine view. —
Among the hills to the W. lies the (iVt hr.) ackurm-See (2580 ft.). Thence
to SuMtbaeh (p. 894), li/s hr.
The Murg, 1 Y4 M. beyond Schonmiinzach , penetrates a preci-
pitous wall of rock, beyond which the valley loses its wild character,
as granite gives place to gneiss. On the height to the left lies Schwar*
398 Route 48. BAIEBSBRONN. Black For€$t.
xenberg. For about li/4 M. the road runs among the houses of
Huttenbaeh (Bar; Krone). From (IY4 M.) Sehonegrund (inn]) a
road leads to the N. by Beaenfeld, Vrnagold, and QompeUckeuer to
(IOV2 M.) EfMkCosterU CWaldhom, Tery fair), and th«nce to Wjid-
6a<i(p.358).
The next yiUage in the Mnrgtal is (63/4 M. from Schdn-
miinxach) KlMter-Beichenbacli (1705 ft. ; Sonne^ very fair), with
a suppressed Benedictine abbey, founded in 1082; the church (re-
stored) is a flat-roofed Romanesque basilica with a portico.
From Kloster-Beichenbach a branch-railway, partly on the rack-
and-pinion system , ascends the Murgtal to (2 M.) Baiertbroxiii , a
little below the Tillage of that name (1910 ft.; Ochs^ R. I-IS/4 Jf^
B. 60 pf., pens. 34/2-^72 •^i StaUon HoUt), situated on the old
road. Thence it proceeds up the valley of the Forbachy passing the
(33/4 M.) foundries of FHedrieh$thal and Chriitophsthal, to (6V2 M.)
the town station and (TVs M.) the central station of Freudenatadt
(p. 412).
The McBGTAL BoAD (comp. also Map, p. 404) first follows the branch-line
just mentioned, crosses (IV4 M. from Kloster-Beichenbach) the Murg, and
ascends the left bank , leaving on the left the Baiersbronn road, which
diTe^;e« at the confiaence of the Forbach. About iVs H. from Beicbenbach,
at the straggling village otifitUlthal (Tannenburg, very fair; Lamm), a road
leads to the left br the Elhach-Tai to the (4Vt M.) RottbiOd, joining the road
described at p. 402, near the Schwedenschanze. About ii/s M. farther up
the Margta], into wnich several brooks descend from the Eniebis, are the
Schwan Inn and the hamlet of Tannen/elty in the woods opposite which
is the ruin of that name. We now soon reach the first hoases of Oberthal
(Sonne; Adler, both yery Oair), whence a road leads to the left through
the yalley of the RecJUe Murg to (IVs M.) BtMhaeh (2040 ft. ; Inn zur Olas-
hfitte, yery fair; omn. thus far from Baiersbronn) and thence through
wood to the (4Vt M.) Bossbtlhl (p. 402).
The road in the Morgtal continues to ascend, forming long windings,
to its highest point at the (6 M.) RuhtUin (p. 385).
Fbom SohonicOnzaoh to thb HoBNisoBiNnB. Two roads ascend
the Schdnmunzach y the Baden road on the left bank, and the
Wurtemberg road on the right. Following the latter, which diverges
at the Schiflf Inn. beyond the bridge, we reach (3 M.) Zwickgabel
(inn), cross the brook, and ascend to the right along the Langeri'
bach^ which unites at Zwickgabel with the Schonmunzach. The
road then passes (IY2 M.) Vorder-Langeribach^ and at (2V4 M.)
Hinter-Langenbach (Auerhahn, kept by the forester, B. 1-1 1/4 ul^,
B. 70 pf.) ascends to the left About 1/4 M. farther on is a way-
post, indicating the route to the (88/4 M.) Wildsee (p. 396)Jand
(12 M.) AUerheiligen. The road now ascends more rapidly to the
(3 M.) SeibelsecMe (p. 396), on the frontier of Baden, beyond which
it descends to the road iirom Baiersbronn to Buhstein and Otten-
hofen , which it reaches beside the r2*/4 M.) Wolfsbrunnen Inn
(p. 395).
The Hornisgrinde may be ascended from the Seibelseckle either
by a route diver^in^ to the right from the last-mentioned road and
.V[-8Sptl\*?'«^4j
.<.:.
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1 If^ jw"^
\^.,; . ■■■■■■■ ";:^\^h£-''C^:^^' J
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,.8l,».- -^--ire*:-?- .• K^^^
( ifiib»f% -ri<J ■'■■
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Black Forest, 0TTENH6FEN 48, Route. 399
passing the MummeUee (p. 394 ; 1^/4-2 hrs.), or by a route beginning
opposite the log-cabins and following the boundary-stones to the
N.W. The latter pa^ leads past the p/j hr.) Drd- Furstenstein, a
large block of sandstone bearing the arms of Baden and Wurtem-
berg, about 1 hr. below the tower on the Homiagrinde (p. 394).
d. From Achem vik Ottenhdfen to the Snhstein or Allerheiligen.
From Achern to Ottmhdfm^ &/i M., Railway in AO min. (fares 85,
56 pf.). — Thence on foot to AlUrheiUgm, l>/4-2V4 hrs. ; from Allerheiligen
to Oppenau 2V8 hrs., to Bippoldsau 5 hrs.
Achem, see p. 378. The railway ascends the Kappeler-Tal, a
pleasant green dale watered by the Acker (to the left on the hiU, the
Brigittenachloas, p. 379). — U/^ M. Oberachem. — 47? M. Kappel-
rodeck (726 ft. ; Erbprinz ; Lowe), commanded by the chateau of
Rodeck (965 ft.), dating as far back as the 8th cent. , and recently
altered and restored , with fine grounds and -views (for adm. apply
to the gardener).
FaoM Kappblbodsck to Allbbhbxliqsm , 41/2 hrs., by a path through
wood, commanding fine views. This route, steep at first, leads under the
ch&teau of Bodeck to G/f'A hr.) the wooden tower on the Kd/ertoaldiop/
(1530 ft. \ view), the rocks of the (Vs hr. farther) Bilrstemtein, and (2 hrs.)
the AlltrhHHffensteig, which begins at Lantenbadi. Thence we follow the
ridge vi4 the SoMberg (p. 4(X)).
63/4M. Ottenhdfen (1020 ft. ; Linde; Engel, R. i^/i-IJf; Pflug;
Wagen; all very fair), the terminus of the railway, a prettily-
situated village, forming suitable headquarters for a number of
pleasant excursions. . The road forks here, the left branch leading to
Seebaeh and the Ruhstein, the right to Allerheiligen.
The Road pbom OttbkhCpbn to thb Ruhstein (Baiersbronn,
continues to ascend the valley of the Acher, crossing to the left
bank by the Hagen-Bruekej below the Boaenatein, From the hamlet
of Vorder-Seebaeh (1280 ft. ; Hirsch) a road leads to the left through
the wooded Orknmerawalder ~ Tal to (4V2 M.) Breitenbrunnen
(p. 394). From the Adler Inn at Hinter-Seebaoh, a little farther
on, a steep path leads past the Schergen-Fels to (2>/4 hrs.) Aller-
heiligen, the last part of the way being on the Ruhstein road. Our
road turns to the left at Achert, 3 M. tiom Ottenhbfen (the steep
old road, 4 M. to Ruhstein, keeps to the right), crosses the Acher,
and IV4M. farther on reaches the Wolfsbrunnen Jnn (2200 ft.;
to the Mummelsee 1 hr. ; see p. 394 ; guide-post). Thence it ascends
in long curves, commanding extensive views, to the (2^/4 M.) Ruh'
stein (p. 395).
The Road pbom OttbnhSpbn xo Allb&heilioen (6 M.) ascends
the VrUerwasser'Tal towards the S. to the (2^/4 M.) Erbprinz Inn,
Here the new road describes a wide curve in the vaUey towards the
left, while the old road ascends the steep slope on the right, on
the summit of which the roads again unite. Fine retrospective
views from the new road; 1^2 M. from the Erbprinz a way-post
indicates the way to the Edelfrauengrab by Blochereck, From the
400 B.48.^Map,p.398, ALLEBHBILIGEN. BlaokFoHsi,
top of the hill (from whlcli a 6liort-cut dfiscends by Bteps to the fight)
the road descenda in windinga to (2V4 M.) AUerheiligen.
Fbom OttsmbOfbh to Allbuuiliobn by ike BdOfrauengralf and
the BlUchtruX (2V4 hrs.)) a very attractive walk. In front of the ehurch
we turn to the left, then follow the footpath unmediately to the right, and
the road to the left higher up, whieh diverges from the road to Aller-
heiligen at a point ahont 300 yds. beyond the church. After 10 min. we
follow the middle road in a straight direction, travwse the pretty OQtUckld^-,
Tal (Edelfrauengrab Inn, pens. 4-6 •#), cross the brook several tim<6S, and
finally ascend by steps to the (20 min.) BdelfraneBgrab (^grave of the noble
lady"), a small grotto to which a romantic legend attaches. The environs
are very picturesque, especially the path ascending beyond this point past
numerous pretty cascadea, to the (1 hr.) BUkhereek. Farther op the path
leads through wood and soon reaches the road; Vs ^^'i AlUrkMiaen.
The pretty footpath from the Bldchereck vi& the saddle known as ^Bei
St. Ursula" is Vi hr. longer. -> Travellers coming ftrom Seebach (^. 894)
may diverge to the left at the Saffen-BrUcke (p. 399), beyond the Ereos Inn,
Va M. before reaching Ottenhofen.
*Allerheiligen (2035 ft. ; Mittenmaier's Inriy B. fiom 2, B. 1, D.
272-3, S. 2, pens, from 6 *#), with the ruins of a Prsemonatratensian
abbey, founded by the Duchess Dta of Schauenhurg in 1196, and
partly destroyed by lightning in 1S03, is one of the most frequented
spots in the Black Forest. The church was a (Jothic edifice with
polygonal side-choirs to the E. ot the transept and a square tower
over the crossing.
Immediately below the convent is a rugged cleft in the rocks,
through which the OrUndenbaah is precipitated into the talley
beneath in a series of faUs, 270 ft. high in all, called the ^Bfttten-
stein FallB or BiUtenschrdffen, The waterfalls and their picturesque
accessories are seen to most advantage in ascending, and by evening
light. The best way of approaching them is, accordingly, te take
the footpath to the 'Luiaenruhe, Engelskanzel, and Teufelsstein*,
which diverges to the right of the barn, opposite the new Logier-
haus, and leads through wood to the (}/2 hr.) road at the foot of the
falls. We then ascend the path to the (1/2 hr.) inn.
Way'posts at the above-mentioned view-point Luisearahe indicate patha
leading yia the picturesque SohUfrg (2670 ft. \ p. 399) to Oberkit'ch, and vi&
the Braunberg ('2150 ft) to (2 hrs.) Sulzhach (p. 402).
The Bote Schliftkopf (3465 ft.) may be ascended in IV4 hr. from AUer-
heiligen by a path diverging to the left from the Oppenau road a few min.
above the ruin beyond the bridge (guide-post). We turn to the right on
quitting the wood and in 1 hr., at the refuge- hut on the BteinmafurU
(32S0ft.), reach the 'Hohenweg' (p. 391) which here skirts the Wurtem berg
frontier. On the (10 rain.) summit is a view-platform. — The "HShcnweg
leads hence to the N. to the (U/i hr.) Buh»t9if^ (p. 39dX while to the 8.
from the Steinmauerle it leads vill the Schwabenschanze to (4 M. ) the
Zuflucht (p. 401). The steep path descending to the S.E. from the Stein-
mauerle passes the (1/4 hr.) source • of the Bechte Mui^ (2875 ft.), and in
V2 hr. more joins the road from Bahlbach (p. 898) to Kniebis, which vre
follow to the right (short-cuts for walkers) to the (i/s hr.) view-platfocm
beside the Zuflucht Inn at the Schwabenschanze (p. 401).
From Allbsheiligen to Oppenau , 7 M. The carriage-road,
which affords the shortest and best route, diverges to the right from
the Ottenhofen road a few min. beyond the ruin, crosses the brook,
Hf-duMian derB^aiztililfn tiufJ^^ftt^tfiJttiiiL-ntJiuLs '^Jm
Black Foreit. OBERKIRCH. Map, p. 398. — 48 . Route, 401
and descends in windings to (1^/4 M.) the foot of the waterfalls.
Once more crossing the stream, it passes (Y2 M.) the Wasserfall Inn
(pens, from 4 JK ; same landlord as the Allerheiligen inn) , and
follows the right bank of the Lierhach (as the Griindenhach is now
called), high on the slope of the hill. Near Oppenau, 1 M. beyond
the Taube Inn (p. 402), the Kniebls-Strasse and the road to (3 M.)
Antogast (p. 402) diverge to the left. — Oppenau, see p. 402.
Fbom Allebheiligen to Riffoldsau oybb the Eniebis, J5 hrs.
Below the new Logierhaus we take the path which diverges to the
left at a finger-post (*ZnrZaflncht'), crosses the Oppenau road, and
ascends, crossing a wide woodcutters' path, through pine-woods. In
1/4 hr. more we reach another woodcutters' path (2405 ft.), which
leads along the slope of the Schliffkopf (see above) to (V4 hr.) the
Driedrichs'Briicke (2520 ft.), spanning the Hirschbach, and thence
along the Schurkopf or Schauerkopf (3205 ft.), flnaUy (3/^ hr.) nar-
rowing to a footpath (numerous guldeposts). Farther on we come
to the Wurtemberg frontier and to the *H6henweg' (p. 391), descend-
ing on the left from the Schliffltopf (p. 395). Immediately after-
wards we see the Roschemchanze or Schwabenschante (^Swabian
intrenchment'), an ancient earthwork (3170 ft. ; belvedere) on the
highest point of the Rossbiihl (p. 402). Ahout 74 M. farther on we
reach the humble inn Zur Zuflucht (3120 ft.), on the road from
Oppenau to Rippoldsau and Fi'eudenstadt ; and 2V4 M. to the S.E.
is the Alexandersehanze Inn (p. 403 ; the Hohenweg is not advis-
able in wet weather), where the Oppenau road joins that from Gries-
bach to Freudenstadt. Thence to RippoldsaUy see p. 403.
e. Trom Appenweier to Oppenau and the Baths in the Senohtal.
Railway from Appenweier to Oppenau ^ 11 M., in »/4-i hr. (fires
1 Uir 90, 1 Uir50, 96 pf.). — DiLiOBNCB from Oppenau vi& Petersthal to Cfries-
Imc%^ 7V2 M., thrice daily in summer (June lst-8ept. 15th) in ls/« hr. ; and
from Oriesbaeh to Freudenstadt vift the Eniebis, 13 M., once daily in summer
in 2*/4 hrs. The omnibuses from the baths ply only when specially ordered.
Appenweier J see p. 379. The train approaches the Renchtal.
2V2 M. Zusenhofen, — 51/2 M. Oberkiroli (626 ft. ; Sehwaner AdUr,
well spoken of; Linde^ pens, from 4*/2*^> ^o*^ ^^^^ gardens), situated
in an extremely fertile district on the slope. of the hiU, at the
entrance to the narrower Renchtal. Pop. 3300.
About 1 M. farther on, beyond the Bench, to the right of the line, is
the ruined castle of FUrtteneck. A road ascends on the left bank of the
Bench from Oberkirch to Oedsb<Khj whence the Moo^tofm (p. 404) may
be reached in about 3 hrs. About 2^* M. to the K.E. of Oberkirch lie the
ruins of Behaueribwg^ whence a fine view is obtained ; Von Haber^s HGllhofy
*/« M. to the E., is another good point of view. To the N. of Oberkirch
are the viUages of (1 M.) Qai*bach (Lamm) and (8 M.) Bingelbach (Salm),
both noted for their wine.
7 Va M. Lauienhaeh (705 ft. ; Schwan, very fair ; Kreuz ; Stem),
with a late-Gothic church (1471-83) containing an interesting screen
and ttained-glast windows. The tower was added in 1898. Hence
to the Moostnrm vii Oedshach, ca. 3 hrs.
Bakokkkr Bhine. 16th Edit 26
402 Route 48. —Map, p. 398. OPPENAU. Black For e.H,
81/2 M. Huhaeker is the station for Siilsbaeb,a small bath IV4M.
to the N. (R. 1 1/2, pens, from 6 Jf) with a saline spring (70®Fahr.).
From Sulzbach a picturesque road , soon splitting into two arms,
passing respectively to the E. and W. of the KvUekenkopf (*li% ft.)
and the EaeUkopf(2Q^0 ft.), leads to (5 M.) Allerheiligen (p. 400).
Walkers shonld choose the £. arm via the Braunberg, 2 hu.
11 M. Oppenan. — Hotels. Hotbx. Post, with garden, pens. 4-6 Jf;
OoLOBNBB Adlbb, also a posting-hoDse J Ochs, pens. ^/aJIs HjBBCH,with
beer-garden. — Fobtuna, at the station, unpretending. — Tadbb, with
mineral baths, IVs M. from Oppenau, on the road to AUerbeiHgen (p. 40C^,
well spoken of. — Hotbl zum Fikkbn, see below.
Oaxriage to Antogast 5, Freiersbach or Petersthal 7, Griesbach 10 Jl\
to the waterfall at Allerheiligen 7, to the eonvent 10 J(. — Diliobnob,
see p. 401.
Oppenau (885 ft.), a busy littie town, with 2080 inhab., is fre-
quented as a summer-resort. In the market-place is a War Mon-
ument, — A conspicuous belvedere near the town commands an
excellent view ; it is reached in 20-25 min. by passing the N. side
of the church.
From Oppenau to the Moottmrm (p. 404), about 2 hrs. We follow the
Benchtal road (see below) for 6-8 min., then turn to the right (way-post)
and ascend to Kutt.
Close by the Oppenau station the highroad divides, the right
(S.) branch being the Renchtal road (see below), and the left (E.)
arm being the Rossst^t Boab, formerly known as the Eniebis road.
The latter passes through Oppenau. Immediately beyond the town
the road to (4 M.) Antogast (1585 ft.; •Huber), with chalybeate
baths, charmingly situated in the pretty Maisaeh-Tal^ and known as
8i. Arhogaxt in the 16th cent., diverges to the right, and crosses
the Lierbach ; the road in a straight direction leads to Allerheiligen
(p. 400). Footpath to (IV4 hr.) Griesbach (see p. 403).
The road diverging to the left from the Antogast roa^- gradually
ascends (in 8/4 hr. footpath to the left, returning in 1/2 hr. to tbe
road again), and flnally traverses some fine ^oods (In V2 hr. foot-
path to the left) to the summit of the Bosibuhl (3170 ft.), on
which, to the left, is the Sehwabenschanze (p. 401). It then makes
a wide curve, past the Schwedenschanze (on the right), to the Zu^
flucht Inn (p. 401).
The road continuing to ascend the valley of the Rench (diligence,
see p. 401) passes through a small part only of Oppenau, and leads -
southwards to the baths of Freiersbach, Petersthal, and Griesbach.
Near (1^4 M.) Ihach (986 ft) is the picturesquely-situated Qasfhaus
zum Finken. — 2 M. Loeherberg (Pflug).
A carriage-road, commanding flue views, gradually ascends from
Loeherberg through a fertile valley vii the Barmeriberg «o (4»/« M.) Oher-
Sarmersbaeh (p. 405). — A slightly longer route to Zell, vi& l^rdrach,
diverges to the right from the above-mentioned road, about 2i/« M. from
Loeherberg. This route diyides after 20-25 min. info two arms, which
however, reunite 20-25 min. farther on, at Fabrik Nordraeh or Jlfordrtick
'Colonie (1475 ft. ; Dr. 0. Walther's Establishment f<v Consumptives, pens. .
mack Forest. PETERSTHAL. Map,p.398.-'48. li. 403
lOUlf), fo ealled from a disused g1as8>factory. Fine pine-woods. — About
372 M . down the valley of Kordrach lies the chief village Nordrach (Linde^
pens. 8-4 Jt^ very fair), whence the Hochkepf (2015 ft. \ fine views) may be
aseeaded (desceni to the W. to Gengenbacn, p. 404). The road continues
to follow the Kordraeh valley to (SVs U.) AU (p. 405 ; omnibus twice daily).
Eaithei on in th^ Benchtal, 2V4 M. from Locherbcrg, is Bad
Freiertbaoh (1260 ft. ; Md^r'a Hotels with baths, pens, from 6 Jf,
very fair), with sulphureous springs, situated in a pretty dale,
enclosed by lofty hills. Then (8/4 M.) •—
5 M. (from Oppenan) Petersthal. — Hotels. Bab} Hiksgh, with
ddpendance. — *Bad Pktbrsthal, at the upper end of the village, well
equipped, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 2Vsi pens. Gi/z-S'/s Jf, closed in winter ; visitors'
tax 2Vt Uf per week. — l^umerouB private apartments.
Fetersihal {i2% ft.)) the most important of the small baths In the
Renchtal, occupies a sheltered situation, embellished with well-
kept grounds. The four springs contain iron and carbonic-acid gas.
The baths, which were known In the 16th cent., are frequented by
about 1500 patients annually.
A pleasant route leads to the S.E. from the Bear Hotel in Petersthal
through the Freiers-Tal and past the (V4 hr.) village of Freiersbach to the
(IV4 hr.) saddle (1875 ft.) to the E. of the Orosse Sundskopfy and thence
down the valley of the WUdtchapbach to (l^h hr.) Schapbach (p. 411). ^
The route diverging by the side- valley to the S., beyond the village of
Freiersbach, crosses the O/4 1^>^.) brook and reaches the (1V« hr.) saddle
to theW. 61 the Orosse Hundskopf, whence, following the guide-posts, we
may descend the Rankaeh-TaL passing the Bear Inn, to (I1/2-IV4 hr.) Ober-
Wo^ack (p. 410). Thence to tlie raUway-station of Wolfach, ^fi-i hr. more.
A pleasant footpath leads from Petersthal to Antoffost in 2 hrs.,
passing the hamlet of Ddttelbaeh on the roadside; at the telegraph-post
numbered 468 we ascend through the archway.
The Renchtal now turns to the N.E. In 3/^ hr. we reach —
2 V2 M. (from Petersthal) Orieibaoh (1666 ft.; *Kurhau8, Adlerbady
Tannenhof^ R. lV2-8» pens. 572-8 V2 •^f; Ltnde^ well spoken of),
possessing a chalybeate spring, which has been highly valued for
400 years , and pine-cone , mud , and other baths. About 1800
patients annually. Pleasant grounds surround the village, and the
Haberer Turm commands a good view.
A footpath leads from Gbibsbach to Rippoldsau fp. 411; 2V4 hrs.),
div«rfing from the Eniebis road at a sharp bend about 1 M. from the Rur-
haus, and i^eending past a waterfall and vift the Sopkienruhe to the Hilda
Hut on itieuolzwdlder Hdhe (3005 ft.). Thence a gradual descent brings
us to the road to Rippoldaan. — The 'Hdhenweg' (p 391) runs firom the
Holzwalder Hobe vi& the LetterttdtCer Hdhey the Freiersberff, the LUtweQtf
Hdhe^ the ErmttcUUl^ Hirzwatm^ Menaoker^ and KreutbUhl (hence to the
HohMlochany 10 min.) to (71/4 hrs.) Hausach (p. 405).
The beautiful road (diligence once dally) now ascends in wind-
ings to the Kniebis, the summit of which is reached immediately
beyond the Wurtemberg frontier at the (4Y2 M.) Alexandertehanse
inn (3170 ft. ; R. IV4-IV2, pens. S'Vi-^V* Ulf), where the RossbUhl
road joins ours (p. 402). At the inn Zum Lamm (3060 ft, ; very fair,
carriages on hire), 1^2 ^' ^ the E. of the Alexanderschanze, on the
Rossb&hl road, the roads to Rippoldsau and Freudenstadt diverge.
The road to Rippoldsau (iVjhr.j p. 411), to the right, leads vlfc the
26*
404 BouU 48. GENGENBACH. Black Forut.
(Y2M.) Baden village of Kniehi8(Zjim Schwarzwald; shorter footpatli
beyond the Tillage, to the left) and winds down the £. side of the
Holswald€rmhe(;p.A03). The lo^d to Freuden$tadt (7 Ur^ p. 412)
leads straight on, Ti& the Wnrtemberg village of Kniebis (Ochs), and
descends along the left bank of the Forhaehy which it finally crosses
before ascending to the town. Pedestrfans take the path on the
right bank of the stream.
Walksss from ths Albxamdebschanzb Imr to Rifpoldbau follow the
Griesbach road for ■/* ^m then take the path which leads to the left through
the wood CH6hecweg\ p. 391) to the (0 M.) Hilda Hut on the Holzwalder
H6he (p. 403).
1 Sohwftriwald Bailway from Offenbnrg to Conttanee.
Ill H. Railway in 5-6 hrs. (fares 14 UT 40, 9 UT 60, 6 UT 20 pf . ; by ex-
press 16 Ulf 90, 11 Ulf 50 pf. ; 'Anssichtswagen\ see below).
The *8ohwarBwaId Railway, opened in 1873, is one of the most
striking in Germany, both in point of scenery and construction. The
most interesting part is that between Hausach and Villingen (pp. 405-409).
Carriages constructed so as to command a view in all directions C^^s-
sichtswagen") are attached to the express-trains between Offenburg ai^d
Singen, and may be used by second-class paasengers on payment of i Jt
extra; tickets are obtainable at Offenburg, Hausach, Triberg, Villingen,
and Singen, or from the guard of the train. The line attracts numerous
travellers, and the inns at Hausach, Homberg, Tribez^, and other pictur-
esque points are often full.
Offenburg, see p. 379. — The line traverses the popnloos and
fertile Kintig-Tal, a valley enclosed by gently-sloping mountains.
21/2 M. Ortenberg (Krone), above which, on a vine-clad hUl, rises the
ch&teau of Ortenberg (710 ft.), buUt by Eisenlohr in 1834-40 on the
site of an ancient stronghold destroyed by Marshal Gr^qui in 1668.
6V2M. Gengenbach (570 ft.; Adler, Sonne, both very fair), with
3064 inhab., an independent town down to the Peace of Luntfville
(1801), still exhibits traces of its former importance in its walls,
gated, and towers, although most of the buildings have been erected
since the destruction of the town by the French in 1689. The hand-
some Benedictine Abbey, founded in the 8th cent, to which the town
owes its origin, is now a preparatory school for teachers. The Ro-
manesque abbey-church has rococo choir-stalls. The Bathaus is a
handsome 18th cent, building, lately restored. Opposite is a foun-
tain with a statue.
Walks and Excubsions. In the NoUenwald; to the Q/i hr.) St Jame$*»
Chapel on the Kastelberg and thence to the (I/2 hr. more) Teufeltkamgel ;
via £inach (Rebstock, unpretending) up the right bank of the Kinzig,
then (1/4 hr.) to the left up the Mmtersbach-Tal, and to the right to the
(IVa hr.) ffochkop/ (p. 403). — A pleasant excursion leads to the .8 hrs.)
^lUoatuxm on the Gaisschleifkopf. The path (mariced by blue parallelo-
grams) ascends the Haigtrach^-Tal from Gengenbachi passing the W\ hr.)
Wdldhorn Inn. and follows the 'Kapellen-Weg' through urobd to the (IV* br.)
Komebene (2130 ft.) and the (10 min.) *J>ilrre Bninnen' (2095 ft.), where the
routes divide. We follow the route to the K.' vi& the JBiedtgkcpf (2875 ft.)
to the (1 hr.) summit of the Mooikopf or Gaittchlei/kopf <287() ft.). The
view from the stone Moosturm, 65 ft. in height, embraces a considerable
part of the Black Forest, especially the valleys of the Bench and the Einsig.
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From the Koostorm the walk may be oontinned to the K.E. past the Sdtl-
manntkopf (2823 ft.) to KuU (rfmts.) and thence via Bdrskritt to (2 hrs.)
Oppenau (p. 402). Or we may return to the Durre Brunnen and follow
the E. path, which leads to Kordrach (p. 403).
91/2 M. Sehohberg. — 1 1 V4 M. Biberach (635 ft. ; Krone ,- Sonne)y
at the moath of the Harmersbach,
Fbom BtBBBAGH TO Obbr-Harmbrsbaoh, 7 M., railway in 87 min. up
the valley of the Harmersbach. 2 M. Zell (Hirsch, Ldive)^ a small manu-
facturing town at the mouth of the Nordraeh-Tdl^ was almost entirely
burnt down in 1904. ^VaM. Biraeh; 3 M. Unter-Harmersbach (Adler, very
fair); 51/2 M. Ober-Harmersbaeh (Drei Sehvfeinsiifpfe) ; 7 M. Ober-Harmers-
baeh-Riertbach. From the platform on the Brandeniopf (3060 ft.) a fine
yiew is obtained. — To Ldcherberg and Nordrach see p. 403.
FsoM BiBBSACH TO La»b (SVz H.) a road leads over the Schdnberg. On
the top (1210 ft.), 2S/4 M. from Biberach, is the Ldwe Inn^ beyond which a
footpath diverges to the right, leading in 40 min. to a lofty and pre-
cipitous rock, crowned with the extensive ruins of the castle of Hohen-
Oeroldseek (1725 ft.), first mentioned in 1139. This castle has been partially
restored and commands a fine view. From the Schdnberg the road descends
into the Schutter-Tal, where, at (3 M.) Reichmbaeh, we reach the steam-
tramway mentioned at p. 380. Lahr^ see p. 380.
Before (1472^0 Steinach is reached, the line crosses the Kinzig.
— 16 V4 M. Haslach (710 ft. ; Kreuty pens, from 4:Jf; Europdischer
Sof; Vollmer, open air restaurant), a prosperous little town with
2230 inhab. and some manufactures, was destroyed, with the ex-
ception of the church, by the French in 1704, after their defeat at
the battle of Hoohstadt.
An attractive road runs to the S. from Haslach, vl& Ho/stetten, to (9M.)
jBltach (p. 416), passing halfway near the scanty ruins of the castle of
Heidburg (to the left).
2OV2 M. Hamach (790 ft. ; Bahnhof -Hotel ; Eirsch, R. li/4-2,
B. 8/^ ^) is a small town with 1750 inhab., commanded by the
ruins of an old castle of the Princes of Furstenberg, destroyed by
the French in 1643. — From Hausach to Wolfach (Rippoldsau),
SehiUachf and Freudenttadt, see pp. 410-12.
The railway quits the Kinzig-Tal above Hausach, turns to the
right at Am Turnip and ascends the picturesque and fertile valley
of the Gutaeh, — 23 M. Gutach (920 ft.; Lowey The Farrenkopf
(2690 ft. ; picturesque view) may be ascended hence in 2 hrs., by a
good path diverging to the W. £rom the highroad between the station
and the Lowe inn. It may also be ascended in the same time from
Hausach vi& Breitenbach.
26V2 M. Homberg. — Bailway Station (1260 ft.) on the right banlc of
the Gutaeh, above the town. The chief hotels send omnibuses to meet
the trains.
Hotels. ♦Hotel A Kdkhaus Sohloss Hornbeko (see below), E. 2V4-6V4>
B. 11/4, D. 3, pens, from 6y2 *#, omn. 80 pf. — In the town : •Post, B. from
IVs} pens, from 5 Jt; *Bas, B. IY2-2V2} pens. 6-QJ(; BObsle, well spoken
of, Adlek, at both B. IV2-2, B. V*. pens, from 41/2 Jf.
Homberg (1180 ft.), an old town of 2880 inhab., is situated at
the mouth of the O/fmbach-Talj opposite the Reichenbach-T<d^ and
is commanded by a precipitous hlU crowned by a Chdteau (1500 ft.),
destroyed by the French in 1703. It la one of the most picturesque
406 Route 48. HORNBERG. Black ForeH,
spots in the Black Forest and attracts nnmetons summei-TisHorsi
The chateau is reached in 20 min. by a road ascending the Offen,-;
hach-Tal, then turning to the. right, or by a shorter footpath direct
from the town. The top of the hill, on which is the hotel, commands
a fine view.
Walks. To the K. to the (»/4-i hr.) Markgra/ensehame (ie05 ft.), with
a view-paviUon; to the E. to the (1 hr.) Windecifelt (2000 ft.), on tbe^
way to Althomherg (see below); to the Reichenbach-Tai (and via the Benz-
ebene to Thennenbronn, p. 412) or to the Schvanenbach-Tal; through the
Schwanenbach-Tal to the (2 hrs.) top of the Windkapf (3030 ft.), and back
via Althornberg; vi& the chateau of fiomherg to the (^4 hr.) ZiegeUcop/
(2365 ft.) i to the (tVa hr.) tup of the Btormwaldkop/ (2515 ft.), to the S.
The most attractive excursion is that to t^e (2 hrs.) rocky height of
'Althomherg (2390 ft.). About 250 paces to the S. of the railway-station
we cross the line, and thence ascend rapidly to the wood. We turn to the
right in the wood, follow the finger-posts and way-marks, and finally
pas'^ round the upper end of the Altbornberg ravine and reaeh the (1^^ hr.)
hamlet oi AKhornberg. Thence the path (marked II in red) ascends (to the
right) to the summit in 20 minutes. The view hence of the Gutach-Tal is
probably the finefit in this part of the Black Forest, and embraces a spe-
cially interesting survey of the curves and tunnels of the railway. — The
path marked III in red leads to the (8-10 min.) Rappenfelt, commanding a
similar view. — Thence via the Sehnmeck and through the Rothenbach-
Tal to Triberg, see p. 408.
From Hornbebq to Elzach (p. 416), ISVa M. At the houses of Steingriin^
about l«/4 31. below Hornberg, oar road diverges to the W. from the
Hausach road and gradually ascends. Near Landwasser it reaches the
Prechtaly in which it then descends. Elzach^ see p. 416. A guide-post
on the saddle between the Gutach-Tal and the Prechtal indicates the route
(to the right) to the Farrenkop/i^, 405), which may be ascended hence (ca.
2 hrs. there and back).
Fbom Hoenbebg to Sohbaubbrg (p. 412), a charming, though shadeless
walk of lOVs M. ttirough the Schonach-Tah by the FohrenbUhl (2575 ft. ;
Schwan; Adler; view) and LatUerhach (p. 412).
The most interesting part of the lin« is between Hornberg and
(I71/2 M.) St. Georgen. For some distance the railway runs parallel
with the road, which , like the line itself, is in many places hewn
in the rock, and then ascends the narrow, wooded Gutaeh-^Tal.
Above the village of (SI M.) Niederwasaer (1800 ft, ; Sonne) is the
'Niederwasser Kehr^-Tunnel', where the first great curve begins.
Tunnels (of which there are 26 between Hornberg and ^. Georgen^,
viaducts, and bridges follow in rapid succession. The gradient
varies from 1 : 58 to 1 : 60. — The best general survey is com-
manded by the Althornberg (see above), which is seen ftom the line
on the B. side of the valley.
85 M. Triberg. — The Station (2025 ft. ; Rail, tittfaurant, n. IV* Jf)
lies below-the 'Ereuz-Brucke% at the junction of the roads from St. Georgen
and Furtwangen, and about V2 M. f^om the town (2250 h.), to which omni-
buses run (50-70 pf. to the lower hotels, 80 pf.-l Ul to those higher up).
Porter, for luggage under 56 lbs., 50 pf. ; to the Schwarzwald and Bellevue
hotels 60 pf. — From the station to the market-place 1 M. \ thence to the
Falls 10-15 min. more 5 so that the walk from the station to the Fallt and
back takes IV2-2 hrs. The *oad paases a moniiment to Rob. Gtrwig (1820-
86), builder of the Schwarzwald and Hollental railways. Visitors who
desire to spend at Triberg only the interval between two trains shottW visit
the waterfall first and then dine at the railway reetaurant.
Vf.u^r jnfltail von
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Black Forest. TKIBERG. 48. Route, ^01
Hotels (often uiieoiufort&b):f crowded in summer). *Scuwarzwald Hotel
(2345 ft.)> ii^ ft beantiful situation, V* M. from the Falls, with view of the
ralley, E. 2-7, B. IV4, D. 4, pens, from S Jt. — Bbixbvdb, in an open
situation at the npper end of the town, on the Schonwald road, B. 2-4, B. 1,
D. 2»/4, pens. 6-8V2 Jt. These two are closed in winter. — •HdxEL WBHiaB,
in the principal square, R. 2-6, B. IV4, !>• 3. pens, from 6 Jf\ Lowe &
ITational, R. 2-5, B. 1, D. 2*/4, pens, from 6 Jf; E»gbl, nearly opposite the
Wehrle, with beer-restaurant. — Sonne, with wine-room, B. I'/z-'-^V** pens,
from 5 «#, at the lower end of the town. — Adlbb, with brewery, opposite
the Wehrle; Post, R. IV2-2V2, B. 8/4, D. 21/2, pens. 4V2-6V1 Jf, well spoken
of. *- LiLiB, at the upper end of the town, Bab, both unpretending. —
Ubbbm Wassbbfall (see below). — Pensions : Wetzel (R. 1V4-3 J(, B. 80 pf. ;
D. not supplied), and many others, in the upper part of the town, near
the Scbwarzwald Hotel. — Dr. Kuhnemanns SanatotHum and Convalescent
Home. ■— Numerous private lodgings.
Batha. Municipal Swimming Bath, above the town, near the Protestant
church; Jdgerha/uty on the Schonwald road (p. 413), Vs ^* beyond the
Hdtel Bellevue. — Beer. Cafi Pfc^^ in the upper part of the town. —
Brauerei Martin^ at the Erenz-Briicke.
English Glrareh. Service in summer.
Yisitora' Tw, daily 90 pf., per week 1 UT.
Ttiherg lies in thie heart of the Black Forest and Is one of the
principal centres of the trade in clocks, numerous specimens of
which may be seen in the Ifidusttial Exhibition (adm. 30 pf.).
Pop. 3715. Tbe lofty and yet sheltered situation of the place, and
the fine waterfall attract many summer -visitors. It contains a
Roman Catholic, a Protestant, and a small English church. The
streets and waterfall are lighted by electricity.
At the upper end of the long main street stands a linger-post,
the left arm of which indicates the way (Hofiehen-Str.) to the
waterfaU ,- past the Schwarzwald Hotel, while the right arm points
across the bridge to the Industrial Exhibition. Beyond the Schwarz-
wald Hotel we take the lower path to the right, and in 5 min. reach
a projecting rock, from which the best general view is obtained.
The •Watbbpall, formed by the Outach^ is the finest in W. Ger-
many. The stream, which is here of considerable volume, is preci-
pitated from a height of 500 ft. , and divided into seven distinct leaps
by huge blocks of granite. The cascade, like the fall of the Qiess-
bach In Switzerland, is picturesquely framed by dark pines. A foot-
path ascends on the right bank, with several fine points of view.
Visitors who are pressed for time need not go beyond the (10 min.)
bridge. In 20-25 min. more, above the falls, and close to the Inn
tJberm Wasaerfall (2930 ft.), we reach the road to Schonwald and
Furtwangen (p. 414), by which we return, passing the Wallfahrts-
Kircht (2410 ft.).
Other walks : from the Hof lehen-Str. to the left, before the Prot. church,
and past the Olga PaviUon to the (20 min.) DreikaUerfeU (2625 ft.), on the
Rettd^en (rfmts.), the height to the E. of the town ; fhence by the Russen-
buche, Palverhaus, and Schiitzenhaus to the lower part of Triberg. — A
finger-post in the Schwendi-Str., which begins near the Lowe Hotel, indicates
the route to (be FeUen-Panillon^ and another in the lower town, near Siedle's
dock-factory, that to the Bahn-AmticfU on the Biffhdlden^ the height to the W.
of Triberg. — From the Hoflehen-Str. to the Hofeek^^otilj before which a
path ascends to the right to the (s/4 hr.) Oeuteche (2980 ft. ; inn) and on to
408 RouU 48. — Map, p, 414, ST. GEORGEN. Black Forest,
the (Vi hr.) SUfcktwakOopf (3506 ft), with a belvedere (view of the Alps);
thence to the OA ^r.) Ktuetberg (3366 ft.) and to St. Georgen (see below).
Fbom Tkibebo to Hobmbebo via the Althobnbebq, i hrs. (no inns).
From the Ereus-Brticke, at the lower end of Triberg, we follow the high-
road, passing the (20 min.) Hirsch Inn and OA br-) Forelle /rni, and 20 nun.
farther on turn to the right to the Gremmelsbach road. We then ascend
the road to the left, turn (10 min.) to the left, and proceed vii Bdthenbach to
the (40 min.) crucifix at the cross-roads at the Schameck. Selecting the central
route of the three leading to the left to the OA lur.) ^appenfelt^ we descend
(6-7 min.) to the rocky AUhornbtrg. Thence to Homherg^ see p. 405.
Fbom Tkibebo to Elzaoh vil Schonach, 4Vs brs. The road, from
which the Furtwangen road diverges to the left by the WallfahrU-Kirehe
(p. 407), a few hundred paces above Triberg, ascends the Ohiertal to the
K. W. to (3 M.) Schonach (2910 ft. ; Ochs, clean). About 1 M. above Schonach
the road forks, the right branch leading to the *Prechtal' (p. 406), the
left crossing the 'Hohenweg* (p. 391) and descending to (2 M.) the EUhof,
From the Elshof a cart-track (right) leads up to the (i/i hr.) Oebs Inn
on the Rohrhardtberg \ then descends vii (iVabr.) Tach to CA hr.) EUach
(p. 416).
The train now crosses the Gutach, and, in Uie great 'Triberg
spiral tunner turns direct to the N., towards the top of the hill.
Several tunnels and viaducts. For some distance ve observe to the
left below us the portion of the line which we traversed before
reaching Triberg. The train turns to the S. , passing through
tunnels and over viaducts. Beyond (39V2 M.) Ifwt^ach (2460 ft. ;
Krone) it again turns to the £. Among the next tunnels is one
1855 yds. in length, which penetrates the hiU (2856 ft.) of (43 M.)
Sommerau (2735 ft.), the watershed between the Rhine and the
Danube. Many passengers alight here (or at St. Georgen), and travel
back direct, or walk to Triberg (li/, hr. ; behind the station is a
restaurant).
44 M. St. Georgen (2640 ft.; Zur Brigcu^), The busy clock-
manufacturing town {ptuUchts J3au8, pens. 5-8 Uf; Hirsch, pens.
4V2-5*4f, Adler, both very fair), with 3520 inhab., is prettily situated
on a height on the left bank of the Brigach, 200 ft. above the station.
The old Benedictine abbey, founded at the end of the 11th cent.,
was suppressed in 1806.
Fbom St. Gkoboen to Tbibebo, 2>/4-3 hrs. We follow the Triberg road
for some min. to the W. from the station, cross Ihe railway-embankment
to the left before a pond, skirt it for some distance, and turn to the left
to Brigach. Thence we proceed vi& the Himeald (inn), with porphyry-
quarries, or via the Eeuelberg (see above), to the (IVf br.) FwhtfcMe Inn, To
the StcJcklewaldkopf, V* ^^- ; to Triberg, 1 hr. — Ascent of the Rupperts-
berg and route to the Bemeck-Tal, see p. 412.
— The line now traverses the plateau, not far from the Brigach.
461/2 M. Peterzell (2560 ft.; Krone), with t smaU church, partly
Romanesque and partly Gothic, is the station for (2^2 M.) Kdnigf-
feld (Qdathof dtr Brudergemdnde, pens, from 4V2 ^i *KurhauB
Donimvald, R. 1-3, board 4 Jf), an interesting little Moravian
settlement. — 51 M. Kirnach (2390 ft ; •Wald-HoUl, B. i^^b,
B. 1, D. 3, pens. ^^k-^%J^; ^Burg-Hotel, near the ruin of Kimeck,
with similar prices and mud-baths; H6i. Kirfhcek^ at the station,
•pens, 5-6 Jt; Waldbliek\ whence a road runs through the pictur-
Black Forat DONAUESCHINGEN. Map,p,414.'48,B, 409
^que Kima<^'Tal to Vohrenbtch (8 M. ; p. 410), passing the ruin
of Kimech and the village of Unter-Kimach (2y^ M. ; Rossle).
Kirnaeh lies on the edge of the Yillingei Stadtwald, which is tiavers-
ed by paths in all directions from this point.
53i/2M. Villingen (2295 ft. ; •Bhtme or Post, R. 13/4-21/2, pens.
5-7 Jf; Flasche; Deutaeher Kaiser , nearest the station; Falke;
Bail, Bestaurani), an ancient manufacturing town (9580 Inhab.),
mentioned as early as the 9th cent., and a centre of the Black Forest
clock-making indnstry, is partly snrronnded with walls and gates,
which snccessfnlly resisted sieges in the Thirty Years* War (1633-34)
and the War of the Spanish Succession (1703-4). A War Monument
for 1870-71 rises on the promenade between the station and the
town. Gothic Munster-Kirehe with two towers (of 1420), a Gothic
pulpit, and some good plate. The Bathaus contains well-preserved
rooms in the medieval style, and a few antiquities (40 pf.). The
8t, MichaelS'Turm, with a portrait of the *Landsknecht' Romeius
(d. 1513), is the most interesting of the old towers. The Tower of
the Altstadt-Kirche^ beside the (^2 M^O cemetery, is a relic of the old
town of Villingen which was removed to its present site about 1119.
The Wanne (2510 ft.), a neighbouring hill, commands a view of
the Alps iu clear weather. About 1 1/4 M. to the S. of Villingen is
the ruined Warenburg. — Villingen is the junction for the railway
to Rottweil; see Baedeker's Southern Oermany.
551/4 M. Marbaeh (2280 ft), the junction for the branch-line
to (31/2 M.) the village and baths of Durrheim (2315 ft. ; •Kurhaus
& Salinen-Hotel, a large new building comfortably fitted up, pens,
from 6 Jf ; Kreuz), whence a road leads to (6 V2 M.) Donaueschingen,
— 561/2 M". Klengen ; bS^/2 M. Qruningen,
62 M. DOBaaeSChilLgeB. — Hotels, in the town : *8cHUTZE, with
saline baths, B. iVs-i, D. from 2Vs} pens, from 5 Jf^ old established; Falkb
ZDB Post, also very fair ; Lamm, pens, from 4>/2 Jf: Linds, plain. — Railway
RestauratUy D. IVs Jf! Zur Bvrg^ beyond the Brigach. — Small Saline Bath.
Donaueschingen (2220 ft.), an ancient town with 3834 inhab.,
has been the residence since 1723 of the Princes of Furstenberg,
who possess a celebrated library and valuable collections. From the
station, we foUaw the main street, past the ^Fiirstliche Kammer\ to
a bridge, beyond which, to the right, is the gate of the princely
Park, The latter, with its fine trees and ponds, is always open to
the public, but the Palace only occasionally.
A descent leads down from the choir of the church to a round,
walled-in basin , with a spring of clear water , which is led by a
subterranean channel to the Brigach, about 100 ft. distant. An in-
scription styles this spring the ^Source of the Danube^ (2225 ft.
above the sea-level; 1763 M. from the sea), but the name Danube
(Donau) is usually first applied to the stream formed by the union
of the Brigach and the Brege.
On an eminence behind the church and the palace stands the
410 Routt 4S.— Map, p. 404. WOLFACH. Black rortst.
KarUbau (1868), containing collections of science and art. The
most important pictures are those of the Swabian and Franconlan
Schools of the 16th cent., induding examples of ZeUblom^ Holbein
the Elder, Barthel Beham, etc. The Armoury^ which occupies a sep-
arate boilding, emheUished with a frieze with hunting-scenes, con-
tains a number of old implements of the chase and a few modern arms.
In the Halden-Str*, to the W. of the church , are ike Library
and Arehivee, The library consists of 90,000 vols, and about iOOO
MSS., including the finest MS. of the Nibelungenlied after those
of Munich and St. Gallen, and several others of early -German
origin. The same building contains the collections at Engravings
(Diirer, Mantegna, etc.) and Coins.
Fbom Dovaubschingen to Furtwamgbn, 20 M., branch-railway In I'/vbr.
— IV4 M. HUfingen, junction for the line to Neustadt (p. 420). — 6 M.
WoUerdingen, with glaas-works. — 12 K. Hcmtmereitenbaeh (Hammer Inn).
— 15Vt M. Vdhrenbaoh (2620 ft.; Eiternes Ermt; Beiehtadkr), with 1800
inhab., is a seat of the dock-industry. — 18 M. Schdnmbach. — 20 M. Fvrt-
wangen, see p. 414.
The railway now follows the grassy valley of the Danube. Sta-
tions : Pfohren, Neudingen (with mausoleum of the Princes of Fiirsten-
heig^Outmadingen, Oeisingen, Hintschingen, — 74 M. Immendingen
(2160ft.; Rail. Restaurant; Falke), with 1000 inhab., is the junction
for WoWs^ut (p. 437) and forTuttlingen andRottweil (see Baedeker's
Southern Germany). — The line traverses a short tunnel and beyond
(77 M.) Hattingen intersects the watershed between the Danube and
tlie Rhine, by a tunnel 985 yds. long. — 8OV2 M. Thalmithle. —
83V2 M. Engen (1705 ft; Post or Stern), a quaint village, is the
central point of the Hohgau, the volcanic cones of which are seen
(Neuenhowen, 2860 ft., IV2 hr. to the N.W.; ffohenhowen, 2780 ft.,
lV4hr. to the S.W.). — 861/2 M. Welschingen; 81% M. MUhl-
hausen, with the basaltic cone of the Magdeberg (2186 ft.) to the
right; 89 V2 M... Hoherikrahen, with the hill of the same name and
a ruined castle. The railway runs past the Hohentwiel (p. 440) to
(93 M.) Singen (p. 440> Thence to (HI M.) Cowtence, see p. 440.
g. From Hausach to Freudenstadt yii SeMltaoli. Bippoldsau.
24 M. Railway in l»/4-2 hrs. (fares 8Ur20,2jr20, lUTiO pf.).
From Wolfach diligence and omnibus thrice daily to Bippoldiom in 2s/4 hrs.
(3 Mi one-horse carr. 12, two-horse 18 MY, from Freudensiadi diligence
and omnibus to Rippoldsau in summer in 2>/4 hrs. (1 «# 60 pf.).
Hausachf see p. 405. The train ascends the Kimig^Talf and at
(2 M.) Kimhach crosses the stream of that name.
3 M. Wolfach. — Railway Station on the left bank of the Einzig,
to the S. of the town. — Hotels. Salmen, R. 2-2V2, B. «/4 M; Kkonb,
B.. & B. 2V2» pens, from 8V2 M, both very fair, — Rotbb Oohs, pens,
from ^Jf; Adlbb; ZIhrimobb Hof ; these three good seoond-elass houses,
with similar prices. — *EiEFBBMAi>BXJiAO, with battis of various kinds,
»/4 M. from the station, R. 1V4-2, D. lVt-2Vs» pens. 4-4V« Jf.
Wolfach (860 ft.), an ancient town with 2060 inhab. and a
handsome old 'Amtshaus', at the entrance to the town, Is situated
BtadcForest, RlPPOf.MAU. Maps.^pp. 404^398. -iS^R. 411
Among abrupt mduntiiiiis at the confluenee of the Wolfbaoh and the
Kkwig, Walks may he taken to the 8t, Jaeobs- Kapelle C1280 ft.),
25' min. from the upper Kinzig bridge, and to the (8/4 hr.) Alte
8chlo88 (1136 ft.), with view.
The comparatively uninteresting road to (13^/2 M.) Rippoldsau
ascends the valley of the Wolfb(ieh^ which it crosses several times.
About 2^4 M. from the station of Wolfach it reaches the church of
the scattered village of Oher^Wolfach (986 ft.; Linde), with the
ruin of WaUcenstein (view). Here a road (p. 403) diverges through
the Bahkaeh-Tal to Petersthal.
At the entrance to (6 M.) the scattered village of Sehapbach
(1376 ft. ; Ochs^ very fair, at the lower end of the village ; Adler,
SoniUy farther up), the Wildachapbach-Taly through which leads
another road to Petersthal (p. 403), opens to the left.
Near the (2y^ M.) Seebach Inn the Seebach, formed by the
discharge of the sequestered Olaswaldaee, a lake situated 4^2 M.
from the road below the Letteratdtttr Hohe (view), emerges from
a wild side-valley on the left. About IM. farther on, huge granite
rocks rise to the right of the road ; near them is the waterfall of the
Burbachy only visible after rain. We next reach (8/4 M.) the —
mdsierle (1780 ft.; H6t. Klosterle, R. from IV2, pens. from
b J(; Erbprinz, both very fair), formerly a Benedictine priory,
with a church with two towers, founded in the 12th cent, by the
Benedictines of St. Georgen (p. 408). It lies 8/4 M. below Rippoldsau,
visitors to the baths of which often lodge here.
Faox THB KL68TBSX.B TO FBSin>BN8TADT , 8*/* M. The TOad passes
Bei4ihenbach t asoends the Sekwabaeh- Tal ^ and traverses the Pfc^ffenwald
to Ohertwiuelherg (2790 ft. ; Jagemihe). Thence it proceeds in wide curves,
round the valley of the Kleine ^neig^ to join the road from BehOmberg^
which it follows to the left to Freudenstadt (p. 412). — There is also a
pleasant footoath (S'/t hrs.) through the woods. Passing the church, we
turn to the right, cross the brook, and take the broad and shady forest-
ipath to the right (stone finger-post). At 0herzv>i€»9lherg the path forks,
the left arm leading to F^tudenttadt (p. 412), the right to SchenJtenzell
(p. 412).
Bippoldsam (1855 ft. ; Oormger^s Hotel and Bath Houses R. 3-7,
;B» IV4, !>• 3, board 6^ bath 1 1/2-2 •#, (dosed in winter; Roaen-
garten, pons, i^i^-l^ J(\ a village with 700 inhab., lies at the
S.£. base of the KnitbU (p. 403), in a very narrow part of the
WolftaL It is the m«st frequented and best organised of the Knie-
bis Baths (1500 visitors annually). The water of the four springs,
containing iron, earthy ingredients , and Glauber's salts , is con-
sidered beneficial in cases of internal complaints. It is exported in
bottles (800,000 annually), and the salt is also sold under the name
of 'Rippoldsau Salts*. The environs afford many pleasant walks
[KaUeUidn on the Sommerbergy Badwald, etc.).
About l>/9 M. above Rippoldsau lies Hottvedd. Thence across the
Holswalder Hdhe to OriMbmeh^ see p. 408; across the Kniebis to Oppenau,
see p. 402. ^
412 R.48.-Map$,pp.404y398, FBEUDENSTADT. BkuskForett.
The train contimies to ascend the piotaTesqne Kkvag-Tal, whieh
again tarns to the E. — Beyond (5i/t M.) HaibmeU (Engel; LSwe)
the train crosses to the right h«ik. TnnneL The honees on the
left hank are called the Vordere Lehengerkhi (Pflug).
81/2 M. Sohilt&oh (1070 ft. ; Bahnhof-HoUl, R. 1 Jf, B. 60 pf.,
very fair; Krone; EngeC), an old town (i860 inhab.) carrying on a
brisk timber-trafflc, situated at the anion of Oie Sehiltat^ and the
Einzig, with a modem Prot. chnreh, and a rained castle en a hUl.
From Schiltach to Schkambbsg, 5Vt U., branch-railway. The line
ascends the Schiltach-Tal, and traverses the Eintere LehengerieM^ with the
station of (S*/* M.) LehengtrieM. At the Wnrtemberg frontier, above, to
the right, is the rained castle of BcMUeck, — b^h H. Bchnmbwf (1800 ft. ;
Po9i-Er<me^ pens, i-6 Jl; Sineh\ an indostrial town of 10,000 inhab. (straw-
plaiting, clock-making, and potteries), is prettily situated on the SchiUaeh^
commanded by the ruined Nippmhurg (1469). — About QVs ^* ^ova. Schram-
berg, on the Homberg road (p. 406), which skirts the Lauterbach water-
falls, is the village of Lautmrbach (*Knrhans and Hydropathic ^ Sonne), a
health-resort.
A picturesque road proceeds from Schrambei^ farther up th% Schilt-
aeh-Tal, traversing the romantic defile of the Bsmeek and passing the
ruins of FalkauMn (JLtAelY restored). S^msei;, and iZomsMifi, and the Tet^fett'
JS:ikhey to (6 M.) Thennmbronn (2140 ft. ; Krone). There we may turn to
the W., cross the Benzebeney and reach the RHcfutibaefi-Taly in which a road
descends to (6 K.) Homberg; or, turning to the S., we may proceed over
he RupperUberg (2966 ft) to O U.) St. Georgen (p. 408).
The railway (belonging to Wortemberg from this point) passes
through a tunnel, beyond which we have another view of Sohiltach.
On the hill above the tunnel are the rained Schenkenhurg and a
Kur-Hotel. —We ascend the valley of the Kimig, — 11 M. Schenken-
zell (1170 ft.; Ochs; Sonne), another timber-trading place, with a
ruined castle, is situated at the mouth of the Kleine Kimig, in the
pretty valley of which Hes (ca. 2 M.) Beinertau (Llnde). The line
next passes the Krdhenbad (for nervous patients), crosses the river
several times, and threads two tunnels.
141/2 M. Alpinhach (14^ ft. ; Lowm-Pott, pens. 4-5 Jf, very
fair J 8chwan\ with 1631 inbab., who carry on a considerable traffic
in timber and straw-hats, is the first station in Wnrtemberg. The
Protestant church, a Romanesque building begun in the 11th cent,
with a Gothic choir, once belonging to a Benedictine abbey, contains
the tombs of a Count and Oonntess ofZollern and late-Oothic cloisters.
^^2 ^- Lotshutg-Bodt^ near the source of the Kinzig.
!24M. Freudenfltltdt. — The main railway- station (2180 ft.; un-
pretending inn close by) lies */4 M. from the town; sear the town is a
second station for the braneh-line from KIoster-Reicbenbaeh (p. 888). *>
Hotels. (It is advisable to engage rooms beforehand in the summer.)
At the main station: *Sohwarzwald Hotel, with large garden and view,
R. 2-6, B. IV4, pens, from 6 *#. — In the town: "Post, with d^pendanoe,
». IV2-3, B. 8/4» D- 2Vs, pens. 6-7i/, Jf: •Krokb, new, E. from V/ty D. 2,
pens. 5-6 Jf; Happen, B. IV2-2V2, D. 2, pens, from 4va •^f Linde, pens,
from V/i Jf; Hemoo Priedbich; Rossle, pens. 4Vj-6 Jf; ScHfirzEN. —
KuKHADS Waldlubt, pons. 8-14 Jf; Kdbhavs Palicbnwald, B. iVt^ Jfj
L. A. A. 6*/o, pens. M Jf; HdT.-GAFB Stokingbb, all three to the 8.E.
above the town (comp. p. 413) ; Kubhaus Waldbok, with the d^endanee
"^hrittophsaue, R. from l»/4, B. 1, J>. at 1 p.m. 2V2, pens. 6Vr8"Ai omn.
BlaokForesi. SCH6NWALD. Map8,pp,404,414.'48.R, 413
i Jf. — Dr, £ie&'« Sanatorium tor nervous paHents, pens. 5-7 J(. — Lodg-
ings ftnd Pentiont abundant, B. 6-9 Jf per week. — Vititon" TaXy 2 Jt. —
Carriage* to be bad at all the hotels.
Freudenstadt (2396 ft.), a loftily-situated tcwn of Wurtemberg
(7916 inbab.), with cloth-factories and an extensive traffic in timber,
was founded in 1699 by Duke Frederick I. of Wurtembergfor expelled
Salzburg Protestants, and is a favourite summer-resort (ca. 6000
visitors annually). The plan of the town is unusual, the centre
being occupied by a large open space (now partly occupied by
gardens), surrounded by houses with arcades, and adjoined by the
BathaWy the School^ the Protestant Church, the Oberamt, and the
new Poit Office, The euriously-constructed ehureh, built in 1601-8,
and restored in 1887-96, consists of two nayes at right angles to
each other, in one of which the male, and in the other the female
members of the congregation used to sit, while the altar and pulpit are
placed at the angle. The parapets of the galleries are embellished
with stnooo-reliefs of Biblical subjects; the Romanesque font was
brought from the convent of Alpirsbach ; the choir-stalls date from
1488; the crucifix should also be noticed (sacristan, Trauben-
Str. 316, behind the church). Freudenstadt is surrounded by fine
pine-woods, including the so-called Palmmwald, On the Kienberg
(2526ft.) is the Herzog Friedrioh Tower (view; inn).
Branch-railway firom Freudenstadt to Kioster-Reichenbach via Baiers-
bronn, see p. 398. — Good roads lead from Freudenstadt to the W. over the
Kniebis (p. 403) to (12V2 M.) Griesbach (p. 403; one-horse carr. 10, two-horse
iSJff diligence daily in 2s/4hr8.)( to the S.W. vi& the Ztoieselberg to (T'/sM.)
Bippoldtau (p. Hi \ one-horse carr. 7, two-horse 12 JO.
The Wurtemberg railway goes on, passing several small stations,
to Eutingen (see Baedeker's Southern Germany),
h. From Triberg to the Simonswftlder-Tal (Waldkirch) vik
Fortwangexi.
28 H. From Triberg to (9Vs M.) Furttoaiufen, diligence twice daily in
2Vs hrs. and motor-omnibus twice daily in IV^ hr.; from Furtwangen to
(18V8 H.) Waldkirehy diligence twice daUy in iS^/i hrs. (back in 41/4 hrs.).
— A good route for pedestrians is as follows: from Triberg past the
waterfalls to the Wasserfall Inn and vi& Schdnwald to the foresters house
of Marlim-Kapaie, 2% hrs. ; thence vi& the Brind to OUtenbaeh, 21/4 hrs. ;
and past th« Zweribach Waterfall to the top of the JKonde/, 41/4 hrs.
Tfib^g (2260 ft.), tee p. 406. The road to Furtwangen first
ascends the ^UntertaF to the W. , and at the Wallfahrts-Kirche
(p. 407) turns to the left, and ascends the hill in long windings,
crossing the Chitaoh biefore reaching the (2*/2 M.) Inn Qberm Watser^
fall (p. 407; the carriage-road in the Untertal leads to Sehonach,
see p. 408). About ^2 ^* farther on are the Ldnde Inn and the
Pension Beausite, and In II/4 M. more, beyond a road on the right
leading to Schwarzenbach and Weissenbach (p. 414), we reach —
41/2 M. (flrom Triberg) B^Snwald (3260 ft. ; •Kur^HotH Schon-
wald, R. 11/2-3, D. 2, pens, 4-7 Jt; *Bir8ch, R. from IV2, I>. ^
414 B0UU49. GUTINBACH. maek Forest
pens. 4-7 •#; Adler; Ocha)^ a frequented sammer-iesoTt with a
church, amid meadows and pine-woods. •
The ahove-mentioned road (from the Wasserfall Inn) leads vi& Schwarten-
haeh and WOuenbaeh to the (li/z hr ) forester's hooM of MmHrnEapelte
(3645 ft.; simple rtmis.\ on the watershed between the Rhine and the
Danube. Routes lead hence on the right vi& RohrhardAerg and Ifdmle-
berff to Bleibaeh (p. 4t6), or ril Qriesbach to the Bimontwald Valley (p. 415) ;
and on lh« left to Fw^oanffm (4 V. ; see below). — Footpatiu lead to the
8. from the Martins-Kapelle, along the slope, to (V^hr.) the *Brend (3770 ft.),
one of the finest points of view in this part of the Black Forest. Thence
we descend to the S. to O/2 hr.) the firm of Atte Bet f^B60 ft.), on the old
Kilpen road, 2i/s M. from Fortwangen, 4Vs M. from Simooswald, and 3 H.
from Giitenbach.
Beyond Schonwald the road ascends in a wide curve. Pedes-
trians take the old road , diverging to the right a little before the
last houses of Schonwald, and joining the now road by the (Y2 hr.)
inn Zum Kreun^ at the Escheck (3370 ft), or the top of the pass,
which forms the watershed between the Rhine and the Danube.
The new road descends circuitously. Pedestrians may shorten the
distance considerably by taking the steep old road, which diverges to
the right at the kilometre-stone marked 1jOl5.
5 M. (from Stshdnwnld) Fnrtw^aagen (2860ft.; Sonne, BoUr
Oehs, both very fair, R. IVr^V?, pens. 4-6 Jf; Bahnhofs-Hotet), on
the Brege, a prosperous little town with 52^80 inhab., where the
best clocks in the Black Forest are manufactured. The ^Gewerbe-
halle', or industrial hall, contains an interesting collection of old
Black Forest clocks, from the end of the 16th cent, onwards (adm.
60 pf.). There is a training-school for wood -carvers and clock-
makers, and another for straw-plaiting. New church. — Railway
to Donaueachingen, see p. 410.
To the (IV2 hr.) Brend vi& the Alte Eck, see above. — Following the
Simonswald road for about 1 M., then the Linach road for Vs ^-i ^^^
beyond the Bregbaeh^ where the road b<mds to the left, taking the foot-
path ascending over the' Kaltenherberg {dSSO fi. -, inn), we reach (T'/z M.)
Waldan (Traube; Sonne), a faronrite summer-resort. Good echo at the
neighbouring LtuhMutle. Thence down the Langenordmch-Tal (also reach-
ed direct from the Kaltenherberg) to (4Vs]I.) the railway-station ofHolzle-
bruck, near Neostadt; comp. p. iSO.
The road to Simonswald and Waldkirch (I8V2 ^0 ascends from
Furtwangen to the S.W. About IV4 M. from the church of Furt-
wangen a joad diyerges to the left to Linach (see ahoTo). About
500 yds. farther on the Simonswald road turns abruptly to the £.
(left). Pedestrians choose the route across the hill to the right and at
the Neue Eck (3230 ft. ; Freiburger Hof, unpretending but very fair)
rejoin the road, the farmer windings of which may also be cut off.
In about IV2 ^r. we reach (4^2 M. from Furtwangen) Oftteabaoh
(2860 ft.; Zur Hochburg, B. U/4r^% pens. 4-6 uT, very fairj
Postf unpretending), another busy, dook-making and straw-plaiting
place, with 1900inhab. and a pretty church. A way-post, beyond
the Post Inn, indicates the route, deseending to the left, to Wild-
^utach and St. Margen (2V2 ^^rs. ; comp. p. 418).
Forti
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Black Forest. WALDKIR€H. 48. Route. 4:15
The raad, wMcli is partly hewn in the solid rock, continues
towards the W., then turns to the N., and descends in long
windings, affording numerous beautiful views, into the valley of the
WildgutacK A footpath cuts off the widest curve (about 1^4 M. from
Giitenbach), and rejoins tJie road at the Stemen Inn (2036 ft.),
about 3 M. from Giitenbach.
To THE ZwEBiBAOH Fall, wliich is Seen beyond the Wildgutach-Tal,
from the road, IV2 hr. We take tlie footpath to tlie left beyond the Stemen
Inn J 10 min. cross the Wildgutach; ascend the grassy slope towards the
hlgb'lyifig cottage for ca. 10 min., cross the Zueribach^ and ascend on the
right bank \ cross Ihe brook twice and pass through several farms, ascending
more steeply at the end, to the (I hr.) Zweribach Fall (2625 ft.) consisting of
an apper and a lower tall, which, except at the height of summer, present
a channing picture in a romantic frame. *— The path (guide-posts) continues
to ascend to the (s/4 hr.) Plattenhof (3220 ft. ; restaurant), and thence leads
through wood to (>^ hr.) a wooden hut, where we cross the carriage-road
from St. Peter (p. 417). Hence through wood to the (1 hr.) refuge on
the Kcmdel (p. 416 •, 2^2 hrs. in aU).
About 11/4 M. farther down the valley, about I3/4 hr.*8 wallt from
Giitenbach, and beyond anoifarer path descending on the left to the
Zweribach Fall, is the inn Zum Engel (1470 ft., very fair), at the
junction of the road with the old Kilpen Road (p. 414).
The road descends the picturesque valley of the Wildgutach,
here called the Simonswald Valley. The villages of Ober-^ Alt',
and Unter^Simonswald consist of scattered houses. On the right,
\ff the church of Ober-Simonswald, 1 M. from the Engel Inn, is a
fliiger-post, indicating the way through the Griesbach-Tal to Schon-
wald and Triberg (p. 413). About 2^/4 M. farther on lies the inn Zur
Krone J or Post (pens. 3V2-6 Ulf), near the prettily-situated church
(1225 ft.) of Alt-Simonswald. A way-post near the Ochs Inn in-
dicates a broad path leading , nearly the whole way among wood,
through the EUersbacher-Tal to (2 hrs.) the Kandel (p. 416) ; after
about 1 hr. it ascends on the right bank of the stream. Passing
Bleibach (p. 416), the road reaches the Elztal, about 11 M. from
Giitenbach ; thence railway to Waldkirch (see below).
i. Waldkirch and the Elztal,
Faou Demzlinosn to Blzaoa, 12VsH., railway in I1/4 hr. (numerous
local trains to Waldkirch in 20 min. \ fares 60, 40 pf.). — Road from Elzach
to i5M.) Ober-Fi'ecMal^ and thence to (SVzM.) SteingrOn in the Guiaeh-Tal.
Denzlingen, see p. 381. — The line crosses the Elz, Near
(2V2 M.) Buchholz a strong variety of wine is produced. On the
opposite (left) bank of the Elz are the baths of Suggenthal (815 ft. j
Trltscbeller-Reich's Inn, very fair, pens, from 41/2 UJf).
5 M. Waldkirch. — Hotels. Kastblbcbo, at the station, at the foot
of the Schlossberg. — In the town, Va M. from the station : L6we (Post),
R. IV2-2, B. 8/4, D. 2, pens. 4-6 jf. — Rkbstook, with brewery; Aolbb;
K-BOKBj GoLDENEB Emoel, all near the market-place. — Garden-Restaurant
tw Arehe, near the station. — Baths in the Biz.
Waldkirch (865 ft.), a busy and prettily - situated little town
of 5483 inhab. on the left bank of the Elz, with silk and cotton
416 BouU 48, — Map, p. 414. ELZACH. Black FcreH.
factories and glass and stone-polisMng works, is a faToarite summer-
resort on account of its picturesque environs. The station lies on
tbe right bank, to the N. of the town, at the foot of the Sehloss-
berg (1^215 ft.), which is crowned with the ruin of Kaatelburg, and
may be ascended in 20 minutes. — Among the other view-points
in the vicinity are the Schanzle, to the S. (to the highest pavilion,
1/2 hr.), whence the walk may be extended to Dettenbaeh (there and
back in 2^/^-^ hrs.) ; and the Thomoi-Hutte on the Kltine Kandel-
feU, reached in 1^4 hr. by woodland paths passing the rain of
Schwarzenbtrg,
The ascent of the *Kandel (4075 ft ; 2V2-3 V2 !"«.) may be made
from Waldklrch by various routes. The road leads past the Rathaus
to the S.E. end of the town, and after 8/4 M. we take the narrow
footpath to the right. From the fork, 1 M. farther on, one route
leads to the right, by the so-called *Damen-Weg', to the Tliomas-
HutU on the rugged KandclftU and thence direct to the summit.
An easier cart-track leads to the left at the fork and proceeds vi4 the
Vordete Bohplatz in the AUersbach Tal (1636 ft. ; inn) to the (Vi^ii-)
Hintere Holzplat% (1900 ft.), whence a footpath ascends to the
(3/4 hi.) Albin-HuUc (2803 ft.) and the (1 hr.) top. A third route
crosses the Altersbaoh a little above the Yordere Holzplatz and
ascends the right bank of the stream to join the preceding path at
the Albin-Hiltte. On the top is a trigonometrical pyramid and a
direction-table, indicating the chief points in the view, which in-
cludes the central Black Forest as far as the Swabian Alb, the
Yosges, and the Jura. About 10 min. from the top, to the N., is a
comfortoble Rasthaua (R. 1 Jf 60, B, 80 pf. ; telephone to Waldkirch).
The descent may be made on the K.E. to Unter-Sitnonnoald (p. 415);
on the £. vi& the nattaihof and the Zweribaeh Fall to the Engel Inn in
O^er-Simomwald or to CHltenbaeh (p. AU); or on the S. to 8t. Pieter(p. 417).
From Waldkirch throagh the Simonswald Yalley (p. 415) to OUtenbaehy
■ " ■ n, IVahr.; comp. p. 414.
;hroiigh the Simonswald V , ^,
KapelUy 6hr8. i thence to Triberg vi& Sehdnwald, 2V2hrs.; comp. p. 414.
472 brs.; thence to Furiufongm, IVahr.; comp. p. 4
From Waldkirch throiigh the Simonswald Yalley (p. 415) to Martini-
The railway crosses to the left bank of the Elz, which it thence-
forth follows. — 6V2 M. Kollnau (900 ft.) , . with large cotton-
factories. — 7 M. Outaehj with its silk-factories, lies below the
influx of the Wilde Qutach (to the Simonswald Yalley, see p. 415).
7V2M. Bleibach (986 ft.; Sonne, R. 11/2-1^/4, pens. Sy^iJf),
with an old church. The village extends on the right to the Simons-
wald road.
The HdmUherg (2970 ft.; chapel on the summit), ascended hence in
2V4 hrs., commands a fine view; the descent to the Krone Inn, at Unter-
Simonswald (p. 415), may be made in IVz hr.
91/2 M. mederwinden; lOVgM. Oberwinden,
121/2 M. -' ■ -
Elzaeh (1190 ft.; Zum Bahnhof, clean; Birsch, peng.
from A:'jf) with 1282 inhab., has a 16th cent, church and a silk-
factory. — From Elzaeh to Haslach, see p. 405.
The valley now contracts. We proceed on foot vlfi TJnier'Frtch',
'Ay.
Black Fofe$U KIBOHZARTEN. 48, Eoute. 417
thai to the Sonne and Adler Inns in Ober-P'reclithal (1510 ft. ; 41/2 M.
from Elzach), whence a carriage-road leads to the right through the
Sintere Ptechtal (Ziim Qemeindesegen) to Schonaeh (p. 408; 16 M.
from Elzach). The main road continues to ascend to the N.E. t14
Landtra««ef, whence the Schwedenschanze on the HmcMache (2745 ft. ;
3/4 hr. from Ober-Prechthal; view) may be visited^ crosses the water-
shed between the Elz-Tal and the Gutach-Tal in long curves (short-
cuts for walkers), and joins the Gutach-Tal road at the houses of
(5V2M.) SUingriin (Rossle), l^/^ M. below Homberg (p. 405).
k. HoUental Bailwaj (Freiburg to DonaaesoMngen). Feldberg.
Prom Fbbibdro to Donaubschingen, 54 M., railway in ca. Shrs. View
generally to the right, i.e. oppoiite the side by which the carriages are
entered at Freiburg. — The first part (completed in 1887) of the *Hdllental
Railway commands for a short distance as grand and beautiful scenery
as any part of the older Schwarswald line. A day's excursion from Freiburg
may be conveniently arranged as follows : take the train to SSllsteig (p. 419) i
walk through the Bavenna-Schlucht to (lV«hr.) ffintertartenCp. 419) i take
the train to the Tituee (p. 419) and back to Hirschspf-ung (p. 418) *, walk via
the (10 min.) Hirschsprung to ('A hr.) Himmelreich (p. 418). The ascent of
the Feldberg is also a day's excursion: to the Titisee by rail in i^Jx-i^fi hr.,
thence on foot to the top of the Feldberg in 3Va hrs., descent to Posthalde
2V4 hrs., rail to Freiburg 1 hr. 20 minutes. — From the Feldberg to Schhtchsee
By* hrs., thence to St. Blcuien 2*/a hrs.
The inns near the Feldberg, particularly at Titisee, are often over-
crowded in summer, and rooms should be secured beforehand (comp. p. 891).
Starting from the principal station at Freiburg (p. 381), the
train crosses the Dreisanij and halts at (2 M.) Wiehre^ the S. sub-
urb of Freiburg (p. 387). It continues to ascend the broad yalley
of the Dreisam to (33/4 M.) LiUtnweiler (1040ft), with a chalybeate
spring, the station for Ebnet^ a village with an old chiteao, on the
right bank of the Dreisam. — In the KappeUr-lcUy to the right,
the ore mined on the Schaa-ins-land (p. 388) is smelted.
7 M. Kirchsarten (1265 ft.; Restaurant zur Poaty at the sta-
tion; AdleTy Lowe, in the Tillage, V4^* ^^om the station), a Tillage
with 1000 Inhab., 8/4 M. to the N.W. of which, on the right bank of
the Dreisam, is Zarten, with traces of the Roman fort Tarodunum,
Faolc KiBOHZARTBM TO St. MIbobn, diligence twice daily; either via
Buchenbach (p. 418) or via St. Peter (12 M.; in 3Vs hrs.), comp. Map
on p. 414. The latter route passes SSarten and at Stegen enters the valley
of Oie esehbach, which it ascends to (TVs M.) St. Peter (2370 ft., ; Hirseh)^
rebuilt since a fire in 1899, with a Benedictine abbey, now a Oatholic
seminary, and an interesting church. Thence over the hills to (3 M.)
St. Margen (p. 418). — Pedestrians, starting from the station of Kirch-
zarten, walk to the K.E. vi& the Brandenburg Inn to Burg^ and thence
ascend the Ibental vi& the Lindenberg (2670 ft.; pilgrimage- chapel, with
view) to St. Peter, in 3 hrs. — From St. Peter the Kandel (p. 416) may be
ascended in 2 hrs. We follow the road running to the N. into the Olotter-
Tat (p. 881) for about s/4 M. ; then, at the Eckle, we turn to the right at
the guide-post and proceed via the Haldenhof to the SUgendobel (inn).
Thence we ascend to the N. (guide-posts).
From Kirohzastxn to Todtmau, 13 M., diligence twice daily in 4S/4hrs.
(returning in 3V« hrs.). The road at first ascends the broad valley between
the Brugga and the Otter^eh, At (21/2 M.) Oberried (1600 ft. ; Stern or Post^
Babdekku's Rhine. 16th Edit. 27
418 R. 48, — Map, p. 417, HIMMELREICH. Black Forest.
very fatr), at the month of the Zattler-Tal (p. 422), a wood ia entered;
farther on, on a lofty rock, the rains of the Schneeburg. About S'/z M. from
Oberkirch the St. WUhelms-Tal (p. 422) diverges to the left. The memorial
stone known as the Notiehrei (S^Ar M. from Kirchzarten) marks the cul-
minating point (3696 ft ; Kvr-Hoi»l WcUdMnty vtry fair) of the route ; a new
road to the right leads to the Halde (p. 388). The main road (comp. Map,
S. 417) now quits the wood and descends through the upper Wieseti'Tal
y Muggenbnmn (Griiner Baum; V4 ^- farther on, finger-post on the left
indicating the way to Todtnauberg, p. 430) and Aftersteg to (5^/4 M.) Todtmau
(p. 430). Between Aftersteg and Todtnau a footpath diverges to the Todtnau'
bei'g WaterfeHl (see p. 430).
The railway crosses the Eoihach, — 81/2 M. Himmelreieli
(1490 ft.), a farm with an inn at the entrance of the Hoilen-Tal
proper. A guide-post opposite the station indicates the way to the
(3/4 hr.) Frauensteigfels (2640 ft.), which commands an attractive
view of the valley of the Dreisam. Thence to the Nessellache
(see below), 3|^ hr.
From Hiumelseioh to St. Marobm, 8V2 M., diligence daily in 2Vs hrs.
(starting from Kirchsarten ; comp. Maps, pp. 417, 414). Pedestrians, following
the highroad, proceed via (1 H.) J9ucA6n6acA (1470 ft. } Hirsch; Adler), to the
left of which is the ruin of WUneek. and ascend the Wagensteig-Tal (numerous
shortcuts) to (6 M.) St. Kftrgen (2920 ft.; ffirseh; Knme, pension in both
4 Jf\ a frequented health-resort, with 1100 inhab. and a conspicuous church
with two towers. — A picturesque road ascends vii (Va hr.) Mintentras*
(Hirsch) in IV4 hr. to the Thvmer (3395 ft.; inn), and then descends to
(31/2 H.) the Ocuthof turn LGwtn at Breitnau (p. 419), or, diverginrg to the
right about 1/4 M. from Thumer, to the Bavenna-Schlucht (p. 419). An
alternative route leads from the Thurner via the WeUttannhOhe (p. 419)
to (3V« hrs.) TiHtee (p. 419). — Picturesque route from St. Margen through
the Wildgutach-Tal to (71/3 M.) OUUnhach (p. 414).
The train now passes the straggling village of Falkensteig (Zwel
T^auben ; Lowe, pens. 41/2-5 Uf^), crosses the Engebach^ passes through
a tunnel below the rain of Falkensietn, and enters the HoUen-'Pass,
the finest part of the valley, a defile with towering and overhanging
rocks, partly overgrown with firs and underwood. The line passes
through the Lower and Upper Hirschsprung Tunnel. The road wind-
ing through the defile, side by side with the railway and the foaming
Roibachy was constructed by the Austrian government in 1770, and
was shortly afterwards traversed by the Archduchess Marie Antoi-
nette when on her way to France to marry the Dauphin, the future
Louis XVI. The pass also witnessed the celebrated retreat of Moreau
(Oct., 1796), when pursued by the Archduke Charles.
The Hollen-Tal now expands. 11 M. Hirschsprung (1835 ft.).
A footpath, leading to the right 4 min. above the station, ascends through
the Latibbrunnendobel to (IV4 hr.) the fine view-point of Nusellaeht ^10 ft. ;
rfmts.).
Beyond this station the train ascends for about 41/5 M. "by means
of a *rack-and-pinion' arrangement (no change of carriages necess-
ary). After passing through a tunnel 220 yds. long we reach (13 M.)
PoBthalde(2155ft.; Adler, very fair), pleasantly situated.
From the Adler Inn to Breitnau (p. 419) vift the ITeuho/, l»/4 hr. A Httie
short of the Neuhof a pretty forest-path leads to the left to the (I'/a hr.)
Nessellache (see above). — A path, turning to the right at the Neuhof, out-
side the wood, leads to the KaUertPochi (3405 ft.) and the PHetfeU (3325 ft.),
Black Fore$i. TITISEE. Map, p. 417.— 48. Route. 419
whence we may descend to HoUsteig. — Ascent of the Feldberg from Post-
balde, see p. 421.
131/2 M. Hdllsteig (2430 ft), the station for the weU-known
^Stcmm Inn (R. I3/4-B, D. 23/4, pens. 6-7 uT), with baths and
seTeral dependencies, which lies on the road 80 ft. below. It is *a
good starting-point for excursions !n the HoUen-Tal and for an
ascent of. the Feldberg (p. 421 ; numerous finger-posts).
A footpath ooDStructed by the landlord of the 'Stemen% beginning
opposite the inn and passing the post-office, leads under the railway-viaduct
to the *Jl(n9nna SMuthi, a wild ravine with a fine cascade. After 12 min.
the path forks: the left branch leads to the npper Ravenna-Tal (Breitnaa,
see below); or we may cross the entrenchment to the road, which we follow
back to the inn (in all V^'l hr.). Or we may prolong the walk to Hinter*
zarten (IV2 hr. in all). — A pleasant route from the *Sternen' to Hinter-
sarten is as follows : we keep to the highroad for Vs V • ) beyond the
bridge, where it makes a sharp curve to the left, we take the road to the
righ^ which ascends the picturesque L6ffel-Tal, now traversed by the rail-
way, to (IVfl M.) the first houses of Binitnarttn (see below).
The railway orosses the Ravenna Sehlueht (yiew of U to the left)
by a lofty viaduct, while the road ascends the HoUsteig in bold wind-
ings. The last Tiew of the H511en-Tal is cat short by a tunnel
(275 yds. long), whence we emerge in the Loffel^Tal, The train
then passes through the seyenth and last tunnel and reaches the
top of the plateau and the station of —
151/2 M. Hintersarten (2900 ft.; Hdtel Bahnhof, Linde, at the
station ; ^Adler, near the church, pens. 5 Jf ; Weisses Rossle, 1/2 M.
to the N.W., pens. 4uf^,* lodgings), a favourite summer- resort, where
the rack-and-plnlon railway ends. — The road passing the church
leads via Erlenbruck (3080 ft ; Schwan), pleasantly situated among
firs, to the Titisee and Birental (see below). The plateau is stud-
ded with farm-houses.
About >/< M. to the W. of the Weisses Bdssle a road, diverging to the
N. from the Hollen-Tal road, leads via Otdenbaeh to the (3M.) Gatthof gum
Lifteen in Sieiff (3265 ft.)- Hence we may proceed to the left to (Vi hr.)
Breitnau (Kreuz) and (1/2 hr.) the Hochwart (3675 ft), with an old en-
trenchment (view of the Alps). Or we may go to the right to (1 hr.) the
Weiittannkdhe (p. 420). — From the Lowe to the Thumer fp. 418), IV* hr.
Ascent of the Feldberg from Hinterzarten, see p. 421.
IBM. Titisee (2815ft; Bar, at the station, R. 13/4-3 V2, B. 1,
D. 2^2 -^f) lies about ^4 M. from the small lake of the same name,
on the bank of which lie the Schwarzwald Hotel and the Hdtel
Titisee (R. 2-4, D. 3, S. I3/4, pens. 6V2-9 uT), two pleasant hotels
with gardens on the lake, and both often full in summer. — The
Titisee (2780 ft ; area 265 acres j 130 ft deep), occupying, like all
the Schwarz#9^ald lakes, the bed of a former glacier, is fed by the
Seehach (p. 421) and drained by the Gutach, called Wutach farther
down. The surrounding hills are partly wooded.
At the old Stebauemho/, a few min. from the H6tel Titisee, on
the Lenikirch and Schluchsee road (p. 423) which skirts the E. side of the
lake, the steep old road to (40 min.) Saig diverges to the left (new road,
see p. 423). 8aig (3250 ft*, Oehi, with baths, pens, from 4VsUr, very fair)
is a summer-resort. — From the first bend on the road. 7 min. from the
Seebauemhof, a fsrest-path leads to the left to (26 min.) the lonely Kalte
27»
420 BouU48.-'Map,p.417. NEUSTADT. Blade Fbreat,
Harhergt^ on the Saig and Kenstadt road. Crossing the latter diagonaU j, we
ascend in 1/2 ^^' ^ the wooded samniit of the *Hohflrat (3900 ft.)? 011 which
is a Tiewtower with mountain-indicator (adm. 30 pf. ; rfmts.)* — From Saig
to Uie Hohfirst. */« ^^•\ ^''om Kenstadt, see below.
At the first important bend on the Lenzkirch road (3166 ft.)> 3 H. from
the station and about IV4 M. from the Hotel Titisee, is a notiee-fooard on a
tree to the right, indicating the footpath to the Ftldberg. This path (very
muddy in wet weather) leads to (IV4 hr.) the *Adler% in Barenthal (p. 421).
Ascent of the Ftldberg^ see p. 431; post- gig daily (2V8 •#, return
journey 3 •#? carr. and pair 18 UV, returning yi& Henzenschwand and
St. Blasien, 33 M).
Another good point of view is the Weiaatannhfthe (8S90 ft.), 3 hrs. to
the N.W. of Titisee. From the station we follow the Hintersarten road ;
13 min , ascend to «ie right (way-post); 60 min., Heiliger Brunnen (3515 ft.),
with chapel and inn; thence we follow the way-posts, turning to the left
at the top.
Farther on the train crosses the Wutach or Gutach and skirts
the spurs of the Hohfirst (see above). — !iO M. HbUlebrueky at the
mouth of the Langenordnacher-Tal^ in which lies (61/2 M.) Waldan
(p. 414). Near Holzlebruck is the Posthdusle, with brewery and
garden-restaurant.
21 1/2 M. NeuBtadt (2640 ft. ; AdUr-Po$i ; Krone, both yery fair;
Station Hotel) , an aneient town, with 3669 inhab., engaged in the
timber-trade, tanning, and gold'-embroidery, is situated at the con-
fluence of the Reichenbach and the Gutach.
Walks may be taken to the (1 H.) PotthSmU (see above); to the(l hr.)
Hohfirst (see above), by tl»e Saig road for •/« *»'•» *hen footpath to the left;
and via Rudenberg to (lV2hr.)rriedenweiler 065 ft. ; ^KurJtavs^ E. 1-3, pens.
4V2-6V2 Jly very fair), a favourite summer-resort. On the last excursion
we follow the Loftingen road for 3 U. and then diverge to the left (omn.
1 J(f carr. with one horse 4, two horses 6 •#, in »/* hr ).
From (311/2 M.) Kappel (2578 ft.) a branch-line to Bonndorf
(see below) has been planned. The railway crosses the Gutach and
traverses four tunnels. Beyond (36 M.) Rothenbach (2722 ft.) we
see a new pilgrimage-church (Zum Schneekreuze) on the left. —
39 M. Lbffingen (2630 ft.; Lowe; Sonne), with 1100 inhab., is
mentioned as early as 886. — 4OV2 M. BeUelfingtn (2567 ft.).
LoffiDgen a$d Reisilfingen are the stations for Bad Boll (2034 ft. ; Kur-
haus, pens. d'/^-S JH), whieU is situated in the romantic gorge of the Wutach,
d»/A H. from the former and 3>/4 M. from the latter (carriages, to meet the
train must be ordered in advance). Boll is surrounded wiih pine-woods (good
Eaths), and in the vicinity are a ruined ca<^tle and some waterfalls. — About
M. to the S. is the little town of Bonndorf (3778 ft. ; Hirsph), reached from
Kappel by diligence twice a day (13»/4 M., in 3»/4 hrs.) via Lenzkirch (p. 424).
42 Bachhtim; 441/2 M. Vnadingen. — The train passes over a
viaduct and through a tunnel. — 47 M. Doggingen (2453 ft) ; 49 1/2M.
Hansen vor Wald; 52 M. Hufingen, with 1700 inhab. and an old
castle, now conyerted into a hospital. — 54 M. Donaueschingen
(p. 409). :
The Fbldbbeg may be ascended from the HoUen-Tal by various
routes, all indicated by finger-posts and coloured marks. The easiest
routes are those from Hinterzarten and Titisee.
AscBNT OF THE Fbldbbro fboh EjacHZASTKN vi& the OierAerg^ or from
the station of Himhsi^bigh vii JSonneck, Hinterwaldkop/^ and the Bdnkm (see
Black Forest FELDBERG. MapSfPp.417^ 422.-48. B. 421
below), 41/2 lurs. in each case. The descent towards Freiburg is the most
picturesque.
AsoKVT OP THB Fkldbkbq pbou Posthaldk (p. 418), 3>/4 hrs. The
footpath crosses the H&Ubach beyond the Adier Inn and ascends (white
marks), steep at first, in view of the Bavenna viaduct, to (40 min.) the
W. farms of Alberibach (to the left, a path to the Fiirsatz, see below). It
then proceeds vi& the Haspelsdge to the (Vs hr.) Loehriltte (3815 ftj and
C/i hr.) the cottages on the Binken (3800 ft.). The road forks here (large
finger-post)*, we follow the left branch, soon diverging by a path to the
right, which ascends vit the Baldenweger VithhUtU to the top in iVs hr.
Or we may diverge to the left, below the Seebuck, by the so-called *Felsen-
Weg\ leading to the (IV4 hr.) Feldberg Hotel.
AaosNT OF TBK Fbldbbso fbom HOllstbxo (p. 419) , 8-dVs hrs. We
may either take the footpath indicated by the notice-board at the Stemen
Inn or follow the road for i/s M. and ascend to the right by the fineer-post
(^iiber Bisten\ etc.). We ascend rapidly through wood. At the (40 min.)
BUten (3070 ft.) we join the road from Hintersarten, which we now follow,
cutting off one of its bends by a footpath. At (1 hr.) the FUrscUs (3675 ft.) the
road forks, the right branch leading to Lochriitte and the Feldberg (see
above), the left to Zastler. We follow the latter. */* hr. Ru/mhmte
(3545 ft.). A large way-post here points out the routes to various points.
We follow the path to the left (in the direction we have hitherto fol-
lowed), cross (20 min.) the Seebaeh by stepping-stones, and soon reach the
Feldsee (3650 ft.), a gloomy little lake enclosed by precipitous pine-dad
mountains. Thence an easy sigcag path ascends to the Feldberg Hotel,
V2-V4 ^r.
Ascent of thb Feldberg fbom Hintbbzabten (p. 419), 2V2-2V4 hrs. We
may follow the highroad to the right from the station, and after a few
hundred yards, at a finger-post CAlbersbach, Feldberg'^ 3885 ft.), follow
the road in a straight direction, which joins the above-described route
at (V« hr.) the Bistm. Or we may follow the road to Brlmbrueh (p. 419),
'/4 M. beyond which is a finger-post (right), indicating the forest-path to
Barenthal and Feldberg (see below).
The good road from the Titlsee to the Feldberg (9 M.; carr.
and diligence, see p. 420) diverges to the S.W. from the road
coming from the station, a little on this side of the Schwarzwald
Hotel. After about 1 V4 M. we reach the upper end of the lake (row-
ing*boat from the hotel thus far, 40 pf.). Our road is joined by
that from Erlenbruck and Hinterzarten (see p. 419) 3/4 M. farther
on, and by the forest-path firom Erlenbruck (p. 419) after 3/4 M.
more. Beyond a saw-mill we cross the Seebaeh, continue to follow
the road (from which a private road to the Feldsee diverges after
V2 M*), and ascend through wood, passing between the houses of
Barenthal, to the Adler Inn (3205 ft ; 43/4 M. horn the station of
Titlsee), where the road forks, the Feldberg road ascending to the
right (38/4 M.; I72 lir)» while the main road leads in a straight
direction yi4 Neu-OlaMhiitten and Ali'OlashuUen to (9 M.) Schluchsee
(p. 424).
About V« M. from the Adler Inn a path ascends on the left to the
(1Y« hr.) *Zweiseenblick' (view of the Titlsee and Schluchsee) on the Bar-
hcade (4330 ft.); hence to the Feldberg Hotel V4-I hr.
The Feldberg road continues to ascend , commanding for some
distance a fine survey of the Baren-Tal and the Titlsee, and then
enters beautiful plne-fotest About 3 M. above the Adler a new road
diverges through wood to the left (Zweiseenblick, li/j M.j St. Bla-
422 Route 48. FELDBERG. Black Forest.
Bien, 12 M. ; Scliluchsee, 78/4 M.), and 3 min. farther on an old road
to the (3/4 M.) Feldberg Hotel leads off to the right, passing the
Menzensehwander VUhhuUe, The Todtnau road goes on vi& the
(8 min.) Jagermatte Inn (4100 ft. ; R. from l*/2i pens. 5-6 ulf),
where the new road to the Feldberg Hotel (I/4 hr.) begins.
The *Feldberg Hotel (4195 ft. ; R. 2-6, B. 1, D. 21/2 UT; post-
office and telephone), where the road ends, is situated on the S.E.
side of the bare Feldberg ridge (2V2 M. long, ^3 ^' hroad), which
culminates to the N.W. in the Feldberg proper, to the N. in the
Baldenweger Buck, and to the S.E. In the Seebuck, while on the
S. it is connected with the Herzogenhorn by a saddle.
Two paths lead from the hotel to the (1 hr.) top, diverging from
each other above the (5 min.) cattle-shed. The *Fel8enweg* to the
right, high above the Feldsee (p. 421), skirts the slope of the See-
buck, to the N. of which it rejoins the older path. The older path
to the left , ascends in windings to the (20-25 min.) top of the'
*Seeback (4755 ft.) , on which is a tower bearing a large bronze
relief of Bismarck (1896). To the E. we have a picturesque view of
the BSren-Tal and the wooded basin of the Feldsee; and to the S.
(in clear weather ; rare in summer) a distant survey of the Alps
from the Santis to Mont Blanc, with the Bernese Alps rising con-
spicuously to the left of the Hornberg. — In i/2 hr. more we reach
the top of the Feldberg proper.
The ♦Feldberg (4906 ft. ; 1000 ft. lower than the Rigi-Kulm)
is the highest mountain in the Black Forest, and, with the excep-
tion of the Bavarian Alps, the Schneekoppe (5260 ft.) and two other
peaks (5120 and 4950 ft) in the Riesengebirge, also the highest
in Germany. On the highest point (the 'Hochgte*) are the FriedrUih'
Luisen-Turm (adm. 20 pf.) and the *Feldberg - Turm Inn (R. 2-3,
B. 1, D. 2 uff). The view from the tower includes the Vosges and
the Alps as seen from the Seebuck (mountain-indicator). The Feld-
berg, which is visited at all seasons, is frequented in winter by
numerous snow- sheers, who use the Swedish *skis'.
Ascent of thb Vsldbkrq vbok Obbkbied (p. dl7) thbouqh thb
St. Wilhblms - Tal (5 hrs.). We follow the Todtnau road for 3 H. to a
finger-poat, indicating the way to the left to the picturesque, wooded, and
rocky 8t. Wilhelmi'Tal. The broad track crossea the brook four times;
beyond the last bridge (2 hrs.) is the humble inn Zum Kapf, where ear-
riages must stop. The footpath to the left is to be followed hence;
12 min. . we ascend to the left, at first gradually, afterwards in rapid zig-
zags; V« hr., the wood is quitted (way-post); we again ascend to the left
to the (35 min.) Si. Wilheltner BUtte (4520 ft. ; rfmts. and nightquarters),
from which the tower is attained in V2 hr. more.
Fbom Obebbibd thbouoh thb ZASTI.BB - Tal (4 hrs.). The road is
quitted at Obcrried, and the Zastler-Talf a narrow and wild valley, Is as-
cended. In 2»/4 hrs. we reach Auf dem Rinken, and in IV4 hr. more the
top, by the route described at p. 421. We may also ascend to the top
direct from the Zcutler HUtte.
Fbom Todtnau (p. 430 ; 3Va hrs.). The Titisee road ascends the Wiesen-
Tal Yi& the hamlets of Brandenkerg (Hirsch) and (IVs hr.) Fahl (2790 ft. ;
Adler), and then makes a wide curve to the pass of the Zeiger (4035 ft.),
vhere several roads meet. Walkers may avoid the last cur ve by following
roail
[the
the
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hich
ik
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ith
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ze
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Black ForeaL FELDBERG. 48. Route, 42S
the ^Hebel9weg durch das Fabler Loch% a footpath to the right, >/« ^* above
Fahl. From the summit of the Zeiger pass a path diverges to the left to
the Feldberg Hotel (IV4 hr. from Fahl). — A direct footpath from Fahl to
ttie (IV4-2 hrs.) tower on the top leads to the left in the village to the
right bank of the Wiese, ascends to the carve of the road, and proceeds
thence to the left to the Todtnauer Hiitte (43S6 ft.; rfmts.vhed fromlUT),
V2 hr. below the tower.
Fbom Todtnaubrbq (p. 490) the ascent takes 3 hrs. ; the route unites
at the Todtnauer HtLtte with that above described. — Fsok ths Notbchbei
(p. 418) to the top of the Feldberg 2Vs hrs. ; numerous way-posts.
Fbok Mknzenschwand (p. 434 ; 2-2»/j hrs.). At the Hirsch Inn in Hinter-
Henzenschwand the road reaches the right bank of the Alb, which it fol-
lows. The final wide bend of the road before the Zeiger is avoided by a
zigzag footpath to the right at the top of the wood, which rejoins the road
at the Jagermatte.
Fbom St. Blasism (p. 434 ; SVa hrs.) we may either follow the road via
Menzensehwand (carr. 25 J() , or take the following walk. About 1 M.
above St. Blasien a road diverges to the right from the Henzenschwand
road, mounts the BOttherg, and leads to (11/4 hr.) Jfuchenland (3516 ft.)
and (20 min. fiirther) the Erummenkreug (3770 ft.). Beyond it the path
forks, to the rieht to Aeule and Aha, to the left, always on the same
level, to the(iV2-2hrs.) Aeulemer Kreuz. Hence we ascend the W. side of
the Feldberg* and the BUrhalde to the Barental road in IV4 hr., or, mak'
ing a detour by the ZweUeenbUci (p. 421), reach the Feldberg Hotel in
2V4 hrs.
Fbok Schluohsek (p. 424). The road by Unter-Aha, Ober-Aha, and
AUglduMlUen unites at uie Adler in Barenthal with the road from the
Titisee described at p. 421. Walkers may quit the road at Unter-Aha
(p. i2i \ 472 M. from Schluchsee) for the path indicated by a finger-post to
the right, on the road to Aeule.
From the Zeiger (p. 422; V4 tr. below the Feldberg Hotel) the Hohen-
weg (p. 391; ^Herzogenhom, 4-5km') leads to the S.W., ascending at first,
across the Gra/enmatt (4445 ft.) , at the (»/4 hr.) S. end of which (the so-
called Glocketkfllhre, 4355 ft.) is a finger-post pointing to the left to St. Bla-
aien (91/2 M. ; via the Spiesshom, 2 M.). Here we turn to the right (Hohen-
weg) and in 20 min. reach the Herzog enhom (4650 ft. ; refuge-hut), which
afibrds a fine view of the valleys to the 8. — From the Herzogenhorn we
may return to the Glockenfiihre and descend to the right (E.) through
wood; then at the (1 hr.) clearing on the RossrUcken cross the cart-track,
keeping to the left, to the Spiess?u>m (4430 ft.) and Henzenschwand (p. 434).
Or we may take the Bemau path (finger-post) , but at *An der Eck\ in-
stead of descending to the left to Bemauhof, we follow the ridge to the
8. to (1V« hr.) the Waeht , on the road from St. Blasien to Oeschwend
(p. 484); thence by the BldsaUng (p. 43i), the Hohe Zinken (4075 ft.), and
the Hochkopf (4150 ft.) to Todtmoos (p. 433).
A fine HocNTAiN Walk leads from the Feldberg vi& the Todtnauer
Hiitte (see above), and the Smhmtocuen (4553 ft.) to the (2 hrs.) NoUchrei
(p. 418); thence either over the Halde to the (IV4-2 hrs.) ScIutu-ins-Land
(p. 388), or via the Trubelsmatikopf and the HdmU to the (IV4 hr.) Wiedeneveck
(p. 480) and on over the Krinne to (2V2 hrs.) the top of the Belchen (p. 429),
To Lenzkikch diligences ply twice daily from Titisee (p. 419)
and from Schlnolisee (p. 424) , and four times daily from Kappel
(p. 420). The road from Titisee (51/2 M.; diligence in 174^'.)
doubles the E. end of the lake and ascends througli a fine pine-
forest (footpath to tlie left, 1/2 M. beyond the hotel). At the (^VaM.)
Rotenkreuz (3285 ft), beyond the first bend, the road forks. The
left branch leads to Saig (p. 419), and the right to Falkau and Alt-
glashiitten (p. 424), while that in the middle descends throngh
the Talley of the Haslaoh. — The road from Kappel station (31/2 M. ;
424 B.48.'Map8^pp,417,4a0. SOHLUOHSEE. BlaekFortaL
diligence in 3/4 hr.) passes through the village of Eappel and oyer
the hlU.
Lenskircli or Oher-Lenthirch (!1665 ft ; Adler or Post, pens. 4i/2-
5 ulf, well spoken of; Wilder Mann, rustic), a village with 1250 in-
hab., is one of the chief clock-making places in the Schwarzwald.
Adjoining it is Unter-Lendcirch (2630 ft.), with 560 inhabitants.
Pleasant wood-walks may be taken from Lenzkirch to the StdcJcU-
berg, the Hochschkm (}/2 hr.), and the ruin of AU-Urach (1/4 hr.).
1. Vrom Titiiee to Schluchsee and St. Blaiien.
DiLiOBMOB twice daily to (10 M.) Schluchsee in 21/4 hrs. , to (ISi/z M.)
8t. BUuien in 4Vt hrs. (alBO motor- omnibus). Scbluchsee has also daily
communication by diligence with Lenzkirch (see above) and with Thiengen
(p. 438). Gabsiaob from Titisee to Schluchsee 9, with two horses 14 •#,
to St. Blasien 22 and 25 UT.
From Titisee to (2V2 M.) the Rotenkrew, p. 423. We now follow
the right branch. At the Lowe Inn, in FcUkau, walkers may descend
to the left, ^through the wood, to the Windgfall-Weiher.
5V2 ^.Altglashuiten (3260 ft.; Hirsch, well spoken of), where
the road from the *Adler' in the Baren-Tal joins ours on the right
(2 M. ; see p. 421). We then descend to the E. and SJE., mostly
through wood, and passing the Windgfdll-Weiher, to the Auerhahn
Inn (3057 ft.). The road leading hence to the W. runs vi& Aeule
(3375 ft.) to (51/2 M.) Menzenschwand (p. 434), while that to the
S. (recommended to walkers) leads yii Muchenland (p. 423) to
(3 hrs.) St. Blasien.
The road to St. Blasien soon forks. The new road, to the right,
runs via Vnter'Aha to the Schluchsee (2955 ft.); the old road, to
the left, which is followed by the diligence, ascends to the village
and summer-resort of —
10 M. Schluehiee (3120 ft. ; *8temy pens, from 61/2 Jf] Schiff,
R. IV4-2V2J pens. 4-6 UJT), situated 1/2 M. from the lake in the
midst of pine-forest. Pop. 600. The lake, 2 M. long and 1/2 M.
broad, is well stocked with fish (boats for hire). On the bank is a
bath- establishment.
The (iVi hr.) Sochtiau/en or Wagnertberg (3555 ft.)j to the S. of See-
brugg, is ascended by convenient paths ; it affords a view of the Alps. —
The Faulen/arst (3405 ft.)i ^ which a road leads from Schluchsee in 1 hr.,
commands a similar view. — The expedition may be extended by descend-
ing on the E. side of the Faulenfurst to (*/« br.) Rothham (inn, opposite),
a brewery founded by the Abbots of St. Blasien and now government-pro-
perty (Alpine view).
Fbou Schluchskb to Tuibhobn, 21 H., diligence once daily in 5>/« hrs.,
see p. 438. The picturesque Schliicht-Tal is the only interesting part of
the road. — A road descends the Mettma-Tal from Bothhaus, ascending
to the right, after about 3V« M., to Brenden. Thence to the Schlticht-Tal
via Berau^ 4i/t M. — FaoK Schluchskb to Lknzkibch (see above), 5V2 M.,
diligence daily in li/t hr.
From Schluchsee the road descends to the new road along the
lake, which divides beyond (I72 M.) Seehrugg (inn, very fair), at
the foot of the lake, the left branch leading to Rothhaus and Bonn-
BlaekForeaL BADENWEILER. 48. Route, 425
dorf (p. 420) , the right to St. Blasien. The latter crosses the
Schwarzachf the brook by which the lake is drained, and leads
through pine- forest. About 3/4 M. farther on a flnger-post indi-
cates a path to the right, leading by Blaaiwald (Sonne) and AUkOUe
to St. Blasien (6 M.; I72 M. shorter than by the road). The high-
road now enters the Schwanhalde, a deep and romantic valley, which
it follows nearly to (4V2 M.) Hausem (p. 435). A little beyond the
village it divides (comp. p. 43&), the branch to the left leading to
(IV2 M.) Hochenschwand, that on the right to (2^/4 M.) —
I8V2 M. St. Blasien (p. 434).
I
m. Badenweiler and Environs.
FitoM HUI.LHSIM TO Badknweilbr , 4^/2 M., narrow - gaage railway in
1/2 hr. (fares 75, 50 pf.). — Carriages take IV2 hr. ; fare 4 UlT 10 pf., with
two horses 51/2 Jf, fee included (luggage up to 110 lbs. 60 pf.)*
MuUheimy see p. 389. The line ascends the valley of the Klemmhach.
— 23/4 M. Niederweiler (970 ft. ; Lowe, plain), with a large brewery.
31/2 M. Oberweiler (iilO ft. ] Ochse, with garden, R. i^^'iy^i
B.70pf., D. lV2-2» pens. 4-41/2 Uir,- Wilder Mann, both unpretend-
ing; Pens. Venedey) , a village with 670 inhabitants. — 4^4 M.
Hasenhurg (1180 ft.), the station for the Hasenburg Hotel (r. ; pens.
4-6 Jf^ and for the Kurhaus OherweiUr (pens. 40-50 M per week ;
with baths and large garden), in a sheltered situation at the S.W. base
of the wooded Lausberg, much frequented in spring and autumn.
About 1 M. to tfae.E. of Hasenburg is the Sehwdrn (1430 ft), command-
ing a picturesque view of Badenweiler. Hence we may proceed to the right
to (40 min.) the ruin of Neuenfels (i960 ft.j, returning yi^ Holden and
Schweighof (p. 428).
The railway skirts the Hasenburg and reaches the station of
(4V2 M.) Badenweiler^ ^4 M. below the village.
Badenweiler. — Hotels. •Romekbad, 1/2 M. from the rail, station, at
the main entrance of the Kur-Park, R. 3-6, B. 11/4, D. 4, pens. 8-14 jU ;
*H6tbl Sommer, 1/4 l^- f^^^ the rail, station, at the E. entrance of the
Park, R. lV»-5, B. 1, D. 31/2, pens. 6V2-IO M, both first-class with gardens
and baths ; •H6tel-Pension Saupe, also at the W. end of the village, with
garden, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. Q^A, pens, from 672 JH; Schwarzwald Hotel,
R. 24, B. 1, D. 2V«, pens. 6-9 v», very fair ; Mbissbubqeb, well spoken of,
pens, from 0 .#. — Sonne ^ Mabkobaflbb Hof, near the rail, station. —
Pensions: Engleb; Joneb^ Pflugeb (6-3 jH)^ Windscheid, etc. — 'Haus
Badbh (p. 427), in an open situation on the edge of the wood, 1 M. to the
S. of Badenweiler, R. 2siV2, B. 1, D. 2V», pens, from 6 UlT (closed in winter). —
Pi'ivaU Apartments 6-25 «# per week.
Visitors* Tax at Badenweiler 50 pf per day, 2 J( per week, or 20 U?
for the season; in the environs half as much. — Baths at the Marmorbad
IVs Jf-, tickets per dozen 15 •#; at the Freibad 1 Jl^ tickets per dozen
8 Jf. Gentlemen use the Freibad from 7 to 9.30 a.m. and the Marmor-
bad 9.30 to 12, ladies vice vers&. The Freibad is also used in the afternoon.
English Church Service during the season.
Carriages. Bv time: first hour 3V2 Jf-, each additional hour 2V2 Jf,
with gratuity of 40 pf. per hour. To the top of the Blauen , one-horse 9 Jf
80 pf. , two-horse for 2-8 pers. 14, for 4-5 pers. 19 Jf^ gratuity IV2 Jf; to
BUrgeln 7ur 40 pf., two-horse IOV2 or 12 Jf, gratuity ijff to Kandem,
8 Ulf 40 pf., two-horse 12 •#, gratuity ± Jf. — Donket to the Blauen 3»/4 Jf,
Belchen 8 Jf, Sophienruhe 70 pf.; Horse in each case V»th more.
426 R,48.---Map,p.425. BADENWEILER. BlackForett.
BadenweUer (1450 ft. above the sea, 690 ft. above tbe Rhine),
a village with 650 inhab., lies among the W. spurs of the Black
Forest, on a buttress of the Blauen , and commands an unimpeded
view across the valley of the Rhine to the Vosges. The thermal
springs (77®-80°), which are almost destitute of mineral ingre-
dients, were known to the Romans. Badenweiler, however, owes
its present prosperity to its fine air, its sheltered situation, its
equable temperature, its beautiful walks , and its important whey-
cure. It is patronised by over 6000 visitors annually, including many
sufferers from pulmonary and nervous ailments. The season lasts
from mid-March to the end of October.
The Kurhans, built in 1853, contains concert, ball, and reading
rooms, and a restaurant (D. at 12.30 p.m. 2^2 Jf)* -^ ^*i»d plays
here morning, afternoon, and evening.
Adjoining the Kurhaus is a ♦Park, 15 acres in extent, laid out
in 1825 and enlarged in 1865. It is remarkable for the luxuriance
of its vegetation, the native trees being neighboured by fine coni-
fera, cedars, pines, laurels, and yews. A broad walk (fine views)
encircles the castle-hill, on the E. side of which, near the Kurhaus^
is a Wandelbahn or covered promenade. The hill is crowned vdth
the ruins of the Castle (1500 ft.), which was originally built by
the Dukes of Zahringen in the Uth cent, and was destroyed by the
French in 1688. Its foundations are possibly of Roman origin. The
ruin is reached by flights of steps, and a fine prospect is enjoyed
from the ivy-clad walls.
In the E. part of the park rises the handsome Bath House (Mar^
morlad), with a colonnade, 108 ft. long and 69 ft. broad, built by
Leonhard of Carlsruhe. The arrangement of the interior somewhat
resembles that of the ancient Roman baths, all the rooms being
vaulted and lighted from above. Visitors admitted in the afternoon;
fee 20-50 pf. Behind the Marmorbad is the Frdhadj also well
fitted up.
The ancient *KonLan Baths to the W. of the Marmorbad , dis-
covered in 1784, are among the finest in existence and were pro-
bably constructed in the second century of our era. They are shel-
tered by a wooden roof (open 8-12.30 and 2-6.30; adm. 20 pf.).
The structure (77 yds. long and 22-27 yds. wide) is divided into two
copresponding parts, the larger of which, to the W., was reserved for the
men, that to the E. for the women. On each side there is a spacious
forecourt, used for walking and gymnastic exercises. In the W. court is
a pedestal with an inscription showing it to have supported a statue of
Diana Abnoha. The W. vestibule is adjoined on the 8. by the dressing-
. room (apodyteriwn) and on the N. by the vapour or hot-air bath (tuda-
torium). Farther to the E. lay two tepid swimming-caths (piscinae)^ the
larger of which is 40 ft. long by 24 ft. broad. Beyond the smaller of these
were other warm baths (two t^pidaria and a caldarium). which were heated
by means of hypocausts in the adjoining chambers. The exact use of the
circular rooms here (laeoniea t) is not quite certain. — The women*s de-
partment is separated by a wall from the men's baths and contains cor-
responding chambers arranged in inverted order from W. to E.
Btadi Forest. BLAUEN. Map^ p, 425. — 48, Route. 427
On the S. Bide of tlie Knr-Platz , in front of tlie main entrance
to the Park, is the Orand^Ducal Palace, built in 1586 and remodelled
in the German Renaissance style in 1887-88. — The new street to
the right, with numerous villas and the small Roman Catholic Church,
leads to Niederweiler. The street to the left passes above the
PaHsh Church (Prot. ; 1897) and leads to Kandern.
In the environs of Badenweiler are numerous picturesque and
well-kept FoEBST Paths, leading to beautiful points of view and
provided with guide-posts.
From the first bend on the Kandern road we may ascend straight on
to the *Pfarrwald», or following the road a little farther, turn to the left
beyond the last villa and then enter the wood. In the highest part of
the wood, ascending to the left from the second entrance to it, we reach
the (15-20 min.) SopJtienruhe (1690 ft.), a refnge-hut above an ancient mine,
commanding a picturesque view of Badenweiler. — A no less attractive
view is afforded by the Altt Mam (2005 ft.), a rocky height about 20 min.
to the S. of the Sophienmhe, whence we may either descend to (V4 hr.)
Hans Baden, or ascend farther via the Schttberff - Fels (2165 ft.) and the
Prinzm-Sitz to the (»/4 hr.) Vogelbaeh-Tal^ and return through the last to
(V2 hr.) Badenweiler.
A few min. beyond the last villa on the Kandern road, the road to
the Blauen diverges on the left, from which, farther on, a road, on the
right leads to the (20 min.) Haus Baden (1720 ft. ; see p. 425), the name
of which refers to an old silver-mine.
Pleasant walks may be taken in the lower Au, on the W^ side of the
Kandern road, e.g. lApburg to (!>/« hr.) Vffffisheim (905 ft. \ Ochs).
Feom Badenweiler to BCegeln (5 M.). The best route is by
the Kandern road to(2U.') Sehringen. About t/gM. farther on (beyond
kilometre-stone 4) a path diverges to the right to the (10 min.)
^Alpenansicht^, ou the wooded S. flank of the HdrnU, commanding
in clear weather a view of the Bernese Alps. The road to Biirgeln
diverges to the left at kilometre-stone 6 and leads through wood to
the foot of the hill, where it bends sharply to the right and ascends.
Schloss B&rgeln (2190 ft.; Inn, very fair, D. at 12.30 p.m.
I3/4-2V2, pens. 41/2-5 UfiT), 6 M. to the E. of Schliengen (p. 390),
was formerly a ch&teati of the wealthy Benedictine abbey of St. Bla-
sien (p. 434), and was founded in the 12th century. The stag
which figures in the arms of St. Blasien still serves as a weather-
cock. The present building, adorned with stucco-ornaments and
figures of the tutelars of St. Blasien, dates from 1762. The church
is used for Roman Catholic worship. Biirgeln commands a striking
and nnintem^ted view, resembling, though less extensive than,
that from the Blauen, at the S. base of which it lies.
FBom BfiaaELN to the Blauen, 2-S hrs. At the ibove-mentioned bend
on the Biirgeln road stands a finger-post, pointing to ^Vogelbach and Hoch-
blauen*. The route to the Blauen diverges to the left from that to Vogel-
bach. The windings of the cart-track may be avoided by pedestrians.
The *Blanen (3830 ft.), one of the highest points of the BJack
Forest, and the nearest to the Rhine, is easily ascended by the above-
mentioned road in 2t/2 hrs. A pleasanter walking route leads vii
the Alte Mann, Prinxensitz, HoheEiche, Schrennengraben (3018 ft.;
428 B.48.-'Map9,pp,425,417. KANDERN. BlaekForcst
refuge-hnt), Wankeisfels, and HirzenmSttle. The distance, how-
eyer, is only slightly shortened towards the very end, 26 min. below
the summit, where the road is crossed (5 min. farther on, on & saddle,
we reach the ^Hohenweg*, p. 391). On the summit, surrounded
by wood, are the *Kurhotel Hochblauen (R. IY2) I^* ^Vs, pens.
5-6 Jt) and an Iron platform which commands an unimpeded view
of the Alps from the Glarnisch to the Matterhorn and Mont Blanc,
the Jura, the plain of the Rhine, the Yosges, and the Black Forest.
About 1/3 M. below tbe inn, beyond the second bend of the carriage-
road, is a finger-post indicating the above-mentioned route to (IVz-l'A hr.)
BUrgeln.
At the first bend of the road, about 3 min. from the ion. a footpath
divei^es to the right, leading, as mentioned aboye, to the ^Hdhenweg\
where a finger-post shows the way to Sulzburg and the Belchen. This
offlera a fine high-level •Walk of about 4Vs hrs. (way-posts). Passing to
the left of the Stoekbtrg (3515 ft.; early-German ring-wall), we reach the
saddle of Egerltn (3035 ft. \ 35 min. from the inn). Here we cross the road
from Badenweiler and Schweighof to Marzell (2330ft.; Sonne), to the
Friedrichtheims a sanatorium for consumptives, and to th^ Sirnita, and
ascend from the refuge-hut to the right. Farther on we skirt the slope of
the Brandeck (3610 ft.) by a fairly level path, above the road just mentioned,
to (50 min.) the saddle of atiihU (3435 ft.) whence a footpath to the left
leads into the Klemm-Tal and so to Schweighof. A few paces farther on
two roads diverge , that to the left to the Sernitz , that to the rif;ht to
Marzell. In V^ hr. from the refuge-hut, where we turn to the left, we
come to the SpSlMepkUz (3450 ft.), and in a farther 10 min. we cross a
road and thSn a stream, after which we ascend in a curve to the left,
reaching in 10 min. the cross-road on the Simitz-Sattel (see below).
About 3V2 M. to the S. of Burgeln lies Kandem (1160 ft. ; Krone ; Blwne;
Och$)^ a busy little town with 2000 inhab., to reach which a pleasant
detour of about 27% hrs. may be made viiL Bilrgeln^ K&saekery V^elbaeb^
and the ruins of Sausenburg (2195 ft. ; key at Vogelbach), destroyed by
the French in 1678. Below Kandem is the WolfitchUtcht^ a picturesque
rocky ravine.
FaoH Kanobbn to Haltinqxn (p. 390), 8M., branch-railway in V4 hr.,
descending the Kander-Tal, via (I3/4 M.) Hammentein^ (3V2 M.) WoUbach^
(4V2 M.) WittUngen, (5V2 M.) RUmmingen^ and (7 M.) Bingen,
n. From Badenweiler to the Belohen, and tbfongh the
KfUister-Tal to Stanfen.
One Day: from Badenweiler to the Belchen in 5 hrs. (numerous
finger-posts \ horse or donkey, see p. 425)-, down to Stau/en^ 8 hrs.
A good road leads from Badenweiler to the E. to(13/4 M.J Schweig-
hof(ibiO ft. ; Sonne), the highest village in the valley of the Klemm'
bach (11/4 M. from Oberweiler), where roads diverge to Marzell (r.)
and Sulzburg (1.). (About 1/2 M« along the latter road a footpath
diverges on the right for the Brudermatt-FelSj 2260 ft.).
The new road (to Schonau, p. 430) ascends the valley of the
Klemmbach (shortcuts by footpaths and the old road) to tke (41/2 M.)
unpretending Auerhahn Inn, on the Simitz (2966 ft.), where another
road to Marzell diverges to the right, while the Sohonau road as-
cends to the left. Walkers follow the old road, which ascends be-
tween the inn and the 'Felicitas Hut', and on the (35 min.) SinUtt
Black F<^8t. BELCHEN. Mapfp. 417. — 48, Route. 429
Battel (3480 ft.) regain the highroad where It emerges from the
wood (to the right is the footpath to the Blauen, p. 428; to the
left appears the Belchen). In 20 min. more by the short-cuts we
reach the rnstio Inn turn Baldenhof (3065 ft.) at Hinter-Heuhronny
where finger-posts indicate the routes to (6*/2 M.) Bad Sulzburg (1. ;
p. 389") and (a few steps farther on) to the Miinster-Tal. It takes
ahout 2^2 lirs. to walk from the Haldenhof to Wemhach (p. 431) by
the road tII Neuenweg^ OberhoUen, and Niederhdllen,
To reach the top of the Belchen we take the 'Schattige Weg'
(*Hohenweg', p. 391), which, after 20 min., joins the older route
beginning 5 min. beyond the Haldenhof. We quit the latter in
2 min., but rejoin it once more 1/2 hr. later; from this point to the
cattle-shed 8 min.j 25 min. beyond this, along a shadeless path,
we reach the Hohe Kelchsattel (4090 ft.; near the rocky Hochkelch,
4136 ft.), where finger-posts point to Badenweiler and Sulzburg and
to the Unter-Miinster-Tal} 6 min., finger-post pointing to the sum-
mit and (r.) the Belchenhaus (Y4 hr.).
Ascent or thb Belchbk fboh Sghonau (p. ISO) in the Wiesen-Tal;
three routes. (1). Carriage-road via, Schdnenbuehen (passing TTtzenfeld half-
way, p. 430), then to the left up th« valley of the Aiterbachy vi& Aitem
and Holtimhavu (2«05 ft.), to (3 M.) the upper end of Unter-MuUen (3295 ft.).
Here the new Belchen road (1904) diverges from the carriage-road vi&.
Oher-Multen and the Krinne to the Unter-Mflnster-Tal (p. 430) and reaches
the summit in about 1 hr. (footpaths also). — (2). A more convenient route
is the footpath (2'/4 hrs.), indicated by a guide-post to the right of the
Sonne Inn in Schonau; 1 hr., Holzinshaw; at the last house, guide-post
on the left ; then straight on up the right hank of the Aiterbach through
wood J 1 hr., view of the Belchen, to the summit of which (V4 hr.) we
follow the guide-posts. — (3). The older and shadeless route, leading to the
left at the *Soau«' ascending via (Va hr.) Schdnenbtrgy and later uniting
with the other routes, is about Va hr. shorter.
Ascent of the BELfcHEN from Bad Solzbubg (1515 ft. ; p. 389), 4-4V2 hrs.
Passing the hotel, we ascend to the right (guide-post) along the Svlzhach.
V2 hr., Footpath to the left ascending in zigzags. Several fingerposts. At
(}l2 hr.) the finger-post pointing to the Behaghel-FeU (2215 ft. ; 1.) we ascend
to Ihe right, quitting the wood in V2 br. more. At (V4 hr.) the K&lbele-
tcheuer (cattle-shed) we gain the saddle between the Kaibenkopf (d015 ft.; N.)
and the Bimitzkopf (3910 ft.). The Belchen is now visible. Hence we proceed
to the right, through wood •, V2 l^'*., bench, with fine view of the Miinster-
Tal and the Belchen; 1/4 br., Haidenho/^ see above.
The *Belchen (4640 ft.), perhaps the finest point of view in the
Black Forest, commands a most picturesque and uninterrupted sur-
vey of the surrounding valleys, especially the attractive Miinster-
Tal towards the W., the Wiesen-Tal to the S^ and the Rhine Valley
stretching far into the distance to the W. In clear weather a magni-
ficent .distant prospect is enjoyed. Four mountain-chains are visible :
to the E. the Black Forest with its numerous peaks, W. the Vosges,
S, the Jura and the snow-clad Alps. About 180ft. below the summit
is a * Hotel (R. 172-^, !>- 2-2 V2 Jf; post-office and telephone>
From thb Belchen to the MCnbteb-Tal. We follow the
Badenweiler - Sulzburg route to (1/4 hr.) the saddle mentioned
above, #here a guide-post Indicates the way (r.) to the lower
430 Route 48. TODTNAU. Black Forest.
Miinster-Ta]. This leads oyer the ridge of the Langedi and desceuds
its N. slope to the load that reaches the Vnter-MunsUr-Tal above
the (17? hr.) Inn zur Krone. We follow the highroad (from Stan fen
to Neaenweg and Schopfheim) to the right. At (20 min.) the hamlet
of Waeen (see helow) the Staufen and Schopfheim road unites with
the Oher-Mflnster-Tal road. From this point we descend, the val-
ley of the Neumagen-Bach to —
3 M. Staufen (910 ft; Kreuz ^ Posty very fair; Krone), an an-
cient town with 1800 inhah., overshadowed hy the ruined Staufen-
burg, the seat of a powerful race which became extinct in 1G02.
Bathausjyt the 16th century. The vineyards on the hill yield good
*Burghalder' wine.
Staufen is a station on the branch-line from Suhburg to KroiZT
ingen (p. 386).
From Staufen to Utzknfbld in thb Wiesen-Tal, 19V« M. To O M.)
Wasen, see above. Ascending the Ober-'MUnsitr-Tal to the N.E., towards
the Schau-ins-Land (p. 388), we pass the ancient monastery of St. 2\rud-
pert (Linde, a few yds. farther on, pens. 8-5 jK) and reacli (4Va M.) the
inn Zum Eirseh, at the Bpielweg (1795 ft.). The road ascends hence in long
windings towards the S., through wild uid romantic scenery. After 2 K.
the Seharfemtein. a precipitous rock of porphyry, crowned by the scanty
remains of a robbers^ castle, rises on the left, the finest point on the
route. The road then passes Netihof (inn) and reaches (5Vs M.) the cul-
minating point of the Wiedener€ck (3395 ft.), where the road from the Not-
schrei, mentioned at p. 388, ends. [A footpath leads hence by the Krinne
(p. 429) to (2Vs hrs.) the Belchen.] The road descends hence in numerous
windings (commanding a fine view of the Ah)s) by the village of Wi4den
(Tanne) to (4V2 M.) Utzen/eld in the Wwen-Tal (see below).
o. The Wiesen-Tal and the 'Strategic Line*.
The~ source of the Wiese is on the S. slope of the Seebuck, not far
from the Fddberg Hotel. The uppermost part of the' valley is traversed
by the road leading from the Titisee to Todtnau (p. 422; from the Feld-
berg Hotel to Todtnau 3 hrs. ; by the footpath, p. 422, Vfz hr.).
Todtaiau (2130 ft.; Oehs, R. 11/2-2, B. % pens. 4-6 Jf; Bar,
both very fairj Hirsch, R. lV4-2*/4j pens. 4-6 J( ; Sonne), a thriving
little town in a picturesque situation, with 2372 inhab., is the highest
in the Wiesen-Tal (road to Kirchzarten, see p. 417). Pleasant ex-
cursion to the Todtnauberg Waterfall, formed by the Bergerbach de-
scending in several leaps, altogether 300 ft. in height, and to Todtnau^
berg (3350ft.: Stern; Engel), whence we may return to Todtnau by j
Aftersteg (p. 418; a circuit of 9 M.). Comp. Map, p. 422. '
Fbom Todtnau to Schopphbim, 16^2 M^» > railway in 1 1/2 1'* ; 'are*
2ufirl0, 1 ufiT 40 pf., ijf. — The line descends the Wiesen-Tal, pass- '
ing through picturesque rocky gorges. 1 M. Schlechtnau (Lamm);
IV2 M. Oeschwend (RSssle), at the mouth of the Pragbach (TillPrag
to Todtmoos and St. Blasien, see p. 434). 2^/2 M. Utaenfeld (Eiche),
where the Mtinster-TsJ road (see above) descends from the Wie-
denereck. — 41/2 M. Sehonan (1780 ft. ; *Sonne, R. from 1 uT 60 pf^
B. 8/^, pens, from 6 Jf, with large garden; Oohs, R. firom i%. pens.
SSe' 'v
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Blade Foftil. ZELL. 48. Route. 431
from 4^2 •^f also very fair j Adler; Krone; Vier Lowen), a busy
little town with 1912 inhab., prettily situated. Pleasant walks on
the Buchenbrand (S.) and Oalgenhalde (S.), and in the Fuchswjcdd
(1 M. to the S.E.). Ascent of the Beleheny see p. 429.
The valley expands. The stream is employed in the irrigation
of the land and for the supply of numerous mills and factories.
From (6V4 M.) Wembach (1702 ft.; Rabenfels Kurhaus) a carriage-
road leads to the W. through the BoUen-TaL by Neuenweg^ to Baden-
weller and Miillheim (see p. 429). — 772 M. Hepschingen, From
(8^2 ^0 Mamhach a route diyerges to the E. through the Angen-
bach'Tal by Bohmatt to Todtmoos (p. 433 ; 8 M., 3 hrs. walking). —
10 M. Atsenbach (Adler).
IIV4 M. ZeU (1405 ft.; Lowe, R. 1 .if 60 pf.-2 Jf; Krone) *im
Wiesentar, a prosperous manufacturing place Vith 3628 inhab. and
important spinning and weaving works. Extensive views of the
Black Forest and the Alps are commanded by the Zeller Blauen
(3540 ft), IV2 hr. to the N.; the Oreagener Hoke (2650 ft.), near
the village of Oresgen, U/4 hr. to the W. ; and still better from the
belvedere on the *Hohe Mohr (3230 ft.), IV2 ^^' to the S.E. (to the
right 3 min. from the station, cross the meadow, and ascend in
windings).
13 M. Hauaen (1330 ft: Linde), on the right bank of the stream,*
where Hebel (b. at Bide 1760, d. 1826), the poet of the Black
Forest, spent his early years. A Statue of Hebel was erected in
front of the church in 1860. Opposite to it, to the right, is the
house of the poet^s parents (now an almshouse), indicated by an in-
scription. The valley here * changes its creed , the inhabitants of
the upper part of the valley being Roman Catholics, those below
Hansen Protestants. — 14^2 ^* FahmaUj has another station, on
the 'strategic railway' (see below).
Among the beautiful pine-woods on the slope of the Hoke M9hr (see
above), 472 M. to the N.E. of Fahrnau and 3 M. to E. of Hausen, lies
the health-resort of Schweigmatt (2560 ft. j "Kurham. pens. 6-8 J(). Carriages
should be ordered to meet the traveller at Schopfheim or Hausen.
151/2 M. Schopfheim (1230 ft.; P/fup, Drei Konige, both very
fair) is a small town (3828 inhab.), with two new churches and con-
siderable manufactories of cotton, paper, and earthenware. The
HeheUhohej with a temple and bronze bust of Hebel (see above), is
V2 M. from the railway-station. At Eichen, 3 M. from Schopfheim,
is the Eichener See^ a periodic lake.
Schopfheim is the junction of the 'Stuatbgio Railway' built in
1887-90, which avoids the Swiss territory near Klein-Basel, and in
connection with part of the Wiesen-Tal railway and with the line from
Immendingen to Waldshut (p. 488), now permits through-commun-
ication on German soil between S. Germany and Upper Alsace.
From Balb to Sackingbn, 26V4 M., in 1 V2-2 hrs. ; fares 3 uT 60,
2uir60, lur70pf.
432 RouitdS. — Map.p.dSO. lORRACH. Black Forett.
BdU (870 ft.), see p. 390. The line direrges to the left from
the Schaffhausen and Constance railway and enters the Wiesen-
Tal, to the NJB. On a bill to the right is the church of 6ft. ChrUchona,
fonnerly a resort of pilgrims, now a Protestant missionary institatlon.
— Beyond (3 M.) Biehen (Ochs), with its pleasant villas, the German
firontier is crossed. From (4V2 M.) SUtten (945 ft. ; Adler) we may
ascend in 1/2 ^r. to Ober-TuUingen (restaurant near the church), situ-
ated on a hill (TulUnger Hoke) which commands a magnificent view
of the Baden Oberland and the mountains of Alsace and Switzeriand.
51/2 M. Ldrrach (970 ft. ; Hirseh, R. I3/4-2V2 Jf, very fair;
Krone; MarkgrdfUr Hof; Bahnhof-Hdtet), the most important place
in the valley, with 10,794 inhah., contains extensive shawl, cloth,
chocolate, and other factories. The SchiUsenhaw (1085 ft.) on the
Schadelherg commands a fine view.
From Lda&ACH to LsopoldshChx, 3>/4 M., railway in 16 minutes. This
line forms the W. end of the ^Strategic Railway" (p. 431). Beyond (1 M.)
Stetten (see above), the line passes under the TUlUnffer ffdhe (see above)
by means of a tunnel 9^ yds. in length. 2V2 H. Weil^ with num^ous villas,
vineyards, and orchards. — 3^/4 M. Leopoldth&he^ see p. 390.
Farther on, on a wooded eminence to the left, rises Schloss
Botieln (1355 fL), one of the largest in the Duchy, commanding a
fine view, once the residence of the Margraves of Hochberg, after-
wards that of the Margraves of Baden. It was taken by Bernhard
of Weimar in 1638, dismantled and blown up by the French in
1678, and restored in 1867. Fair inn at RotUerweilerj at the foot of
the hill, 1^2 M. from Lorraeh; thence to the top 74 ^«
7 M. Haagen (987 ft. ; Krone), with cotton-factories ; on the
right, Brombach^ with the ruins of a castle destroyed in the 17th
century. 10 M. Steinen; 12 M. Maulburgy industrial villages.
141/2 M. Schopfheim, the junction of the Zell and Todtnau lino
(p. 431).
The strategic line now quits the Wiesen-Tal and, beyond (16 M.)
Fahrnau (V2 ^' ^^^m the station of the same name mentioned at
p. 431), pierces the Dinkelbergy the watershed between the Wiese
and Wehra, by means of a tunnel 2 M. in length. — I7V2 M. Hasel
(1320 ft. ; inn). Near the village is the Erdmanns-Eohle, a stalactite
cavern, interesting also to the zoologist on account of its white flies
and blind spiders (electric light ; the inn-keeper at Basel has the
key; I1/2 «^^i members of a party 50 pf. each).
The line descends the Wehra -Tal (p. 433). 19V2 M. Wehr
(1205 ft. ; * Wehrahof, at the station; Ad/«f, well spoken of; Krone)^
an industrial village with 3663 inhab., commanded by the ruined
castle of Werrach (station for Todtmoos, carr. p. 433). — 21 M.
Oeflingen (1085 ft.); 22^/2 M. Brennet (Wehratal; Kreuz), about
V2 M. from the station of the same name mentioned at p> 436. •—
26 M. Sackingen (p. 436).
BlackForest. TODTMOOS. Map, p. 430. —48. Route. 433
p. Welira-Tal and Albtal.
The traveller who desires to descend from the Feldherg to the
Rhine by the ♦Wehra-Tal should t.um to the E. at Oeschwend
(station of the Todtnan and Zell railway, p. 430) and ascend the
course of the Prdgbach. For the first 21/2 M. we follow the road
leading over the Wacht to St. Blasien (comp. p. 434), from which we
diverge to the right beyond the Hirsch Inriy by a steep road ascend^
ing to the hamlet of Prag (2605 ft.). Then, leaving the. road to
Herrenschwand to the right and the Hochkopf (seQluelow) to the left,
we proceed to the Weissbach-Sattel and descend past Weg to (3 hrs.)
Todtmoos.
TodtmOOS. — Hotels. ^HdTK. Edbhads, with hydropathic appliances,
pdns. 7-11 Jf; Pbns. Adlsb, pens. 6-8 Jf; Pans. Schmidt ^ *HdTEi» Bulls vcb,
newi on the Wehra road, B. 2Yr8, B. 1, D. 2^/2 Jf; Lowk, recommended
for passing visitors, R. from IVs, pens, from 5 Jf. About 1/2 M. to the W.
is the *Sanatobiom Wsbjelawald C2824 ft. ; Dr. Lip*), the highest situated
of its kind in Germany, specially adapted for sufferers from lung-diseases ;
pens., including medical attendance, iO^/fW/tJf, — VMtort' Tax from
June 15th to Sept. 10th 1 Jf per week, before and after 50 pf.
The railway-station for Todtmoos is Wehr (p. 432) ; diligence twice daily
in 3 hrs., down in 3 hrs., also other vehicles (1 •# 00 pf. per person)^ two-
horse carr. 16 Jf.
Todtmoos (2695 ft.) is a village and summer-resort of 1660 in-
hab., with a church, much resorted to by pilgrims from the S. portion
of the Black Forest and from Switzerland. It lies at the upper end of
the Wdiira'-Stfasaef which is here joined from the W. by a road from
Mambach through the Angenbach-Tal (p. 431) and by a road from
Schonau (p. 430), and from the E. by a road from St. Blasien yil
Muttersleheu (p. 435). Another road to the S. goes to Berrischriedf
etc. (see p. 437). — The ascents of the Blossling (p. 434) and the
Bochkapf (p. 423; lY4hr*), and other attractive ex:cursions may
be made from Todtmoos.
The nex- village in the Wehra -Tal is (3 M.) Todtmoos- Au
(2270 ft. ; Hirsch), commonly called the Au. The next portion of
the Wehra-Tal is a magnificent rocky ravine, the most striking
of all the valleys in the Black Forest. The bold pine-crowned
cliffs enclosing the valley are clothed with luxuriant vegetation,
broken here and there by imposing masses of barren rock. At
the bottom of the valley the stream dashes impetuously over the
blocks of granite which obstruct its narrow channel, frequently leav-
ing but little space for the road. The most striking point is about
halfway, at a bridge which carries the road, beyond a tunnel, to the
left bank of the Wehra. On a precipitous cliff to the left at the
outlet of the valley rises the ruin of Bdrenfels (view-tower). —
IOV2 M. Wehr (see p» 432). About li/4 M. before entering Wehr
we may cross the Wehia at a saw-mill, and ascend through the wood
to (21/4 M.) Hasel.
Travellers approaching £rom the S. (as in the plan suggested at p. 890)
quit the Wehra-Tal TVs M. from Wehr (see above) at Todtmoos- Au and
follow tht highroad diverging to the W. to the (*U ^•) ^liTeusage', where
Bakokkkh's Rhine. 16th Edit. 28
434 RouteiS.-^Map.p.daO. ST.BLASISN. Blaek Forest.
they turn to the right by the old road. This brinsf thQin in s/« hr. to Oirtbach
(2810 ft. \ Krone, pens. 4V3-6 •#)« where they rejoin the highroad. Beyond
the Tillage, where the road forks, they turn to the right towards *Bait-
bach, Schopfheim' (p. 481). About i/s lur. later descend to the right through
wood on the £. branch of the fidhenweg (p. 391 $ finger-post ^Kurbana
SchweigmatV, ca. 1 hr., p. 431) to the >/« b'- refuge-hut on the Stmdicilrfe
(2720 ft.)*, then follow the finger-posts to iy^^r.) the summit of the ffohe
MOkr (p. 431) and descend in IV4 hr. to Zell (p. 431).
AiiBTAL. Another very interesting route is that from the Feld-
berg to St. Blasien, and through the Alhtal to the railway. From
the Feldberg down to (IV2 hr.) Menzenschwand, see p. 423.
Keniensohwand consists of Hinter-Menzenschwand (2900 ft. ;
Hirsch) and Vorder-Menzenschvoand (2806 ft.; ♦Adler, with good
baths, R. i^l2'% pens, from 6 Jf). It is well-sheltered and much
frequented in summer. Ascent of the Splesshorn I1/2 hr., of th©
Feldberg 21/2 hrs.
About 2 M. below Yorder-Menzenschwand the Albtal road joins
that from the "Wiesen-Tal.
The latter crosses the Alb by the Bernau Bridee(2755 ftO and ascends
through the Bernau. IV4 M. Bernau- Kaiserhcmt (9055 ft.)i *Ia M. Benutu-
Riggenbach (Adler), SVa M. from St. Blasien. At (1 M.) Bemau-Dorf (Lowe)
a road diverges on the right for Bemau-Hof. The Wiesental road ascends
to the W. to the mountain-saddle of the Waekt (3Q00 ft. ; comp. p. 423),
between the Qiesiho^en (4100 ft. ; to the N.) and the BKuKngimX^hr, IV4 br.
to the S.). It then descends the wooded valley of the PrftgbcKih to the
Hirsch Inn and Oesefwend (p. 480; 7 H. i^m Bemau-Dorf).
Walkers may cross the bridge of the Bernau road and descend to
the left on the right bank of the Alb. The road crosses from the
left to the right bank just before reaching St. Blaslen (4V2 M. from
Vorder-Menzenschwand).
St. Blasien. — Hotels. *HdTBL & Kubbaus St. Blasibn, first class,
with three d^pendances and a well-fitted-up hydropathie (closed from Oet.
to May); *HiB80H, R. lV«-3, D. 2Vs •#; Keonb, opposite the church, with
garden, pens. 5-7 Jfy very fair. •— The St. Blabuen Sanatoeium (Dr. Sander)^
close to the woods, well-equipped with baths, shelters, and other con-
veniences, is frequented by consumptive patients all the year round (E.
2V«-7, board 5»/2, or inclusive of medical treatment T^/a Jtl. •— J^sion
Waldeck (from 5 •#)> ftt the S. end of the village*, Pwa. Kehnoieder, ^. 2Vs-
4V«» board ijf; Pens, Lieber, at the 1?. end of the village, very fair. —
Uunicipal Hoepital^ at the S. end. — Numerous PH/tate Apartmentt, —
Reitawant FeUemMler. — Visitors" Tax (Jane 15th to Sept. 15th), 80 pf.
per day, 2 Jf per week, 15 Jf for the season.
Diligence to and from (18 V2 M.) Tttiseey twice daily in 4V4-4V« *»".,
see p. 424: to and from (16 M.) Albltruek (p. 436), twice daily in 8-4 hrs.;
to and from (15Vs M.) Wcddshut (p. 437), once daily in 4473 lurs., also
motor once daily to Waldshut, — Two-Hobsb Cakbiaoe to Albbruck or
Wald8hut20Uir, Titisee 22 UlT, to Brennet through the Wehra-Tal 25-30 Uf ;
fee 10 per cent of the fare.
St. Blasien (2530 ft.), a village with 1800 inhab. , was once
celebrated for its wealthy and learned Benedictine abbey , founded
in the middle of the 10th cent, and secularised in 1805, and Is now
frequently resorted to both in summer and winter, oWing to its
healthy situation, which affords an agreeable mixture of mountain
and forest air^ and is specially farourable to lung-diseases. The
Black ForesU HOCHENSCHWAND. Map, p, 430,- 48. B. 435
possessions of the abbey extended over the whole of the S. part of
the Black Forest; in 1611 it attained the freedom of the Empire,
and in 1746 its abbot was raised to the dignity of a prince of the
Empire. The buildings are now used principally as a cotton-mill
(600 hands). In the Kur-Garten is a fountain, throwing a jet nearly
166 ft. high.
The handsome Church, built by Ixnard in 1768-83, after the
model of the Pantheon, was almost entirely burned down in 1874,
but has been restored. The central dome is 165 ft. in diameter.
The upper part of the rectangular choir, originally intended for the
monks but now used for the general congregation, is decorated with
Ionic columns and galleries.
The paths in the neighbourhood are distinguished by marks, for
the purposes of the 'Terrain Cure'. The TuBculum waterfall TIO min.l
the Oro88'Ecr%Offin'Luiien'Buhe(^/^hT.), the Co^orfenftwp (3466 ft.) j
the Sandboden (3270 ft.; view of the Alps), on the slope of the
mtzherg (3970 ft.), and the Lehenkopf (UiO ft.; 11/4 hr.; view of
the Alps from the tover) afford pleasant olitjects for walks.
To ScHLUCHSKft (8V2 M.), see p. 424, by the Titiaee road. The shorter
route by Blasiwald is indicated by a finger-post 4 min. below the Krone
/n», on the left of the Albtal road.
To T0DTUOO8 (p. 433*, 8 M., 3 hrs. on foot). The road leads from
St. Blasien by Mutterslehen and past the cross on the ffOmleberg (3490 ft.),
finally descending rather steeply.
On the plateau, 41/2 M. to the S.E. of St. Blasien, lies Hochen-
schwand (see below). This may be reached either by the highroad
via (2V2M.) HSuaem (2920 ft. ; Adler; Deutscher Kaiser), or by tbe
footpath, which leads to the left into the wood (finger-post *Wind-
bergfalle-HSusem') at the 'Steineme Kreua* , below St. Blasien.
This path rejoins the road above H&usern, but another path ('Wald-
weg*) soon diverges to the right (IY2 hr. in all).
Hdchongchwand (3316 ft. ; *H6tel Kurhaus, with baths, R. 1 V2-2»
B. 1, D. 2^/2, pens. 6-Sjf] Hirachy Krone, unpretending), one
of the highest villages in Baden (300 Inhab.), is now a popular
health-resort^ Pleasant walks in the adjacent pine-forest. From
the roof of the Kurhaus and from the Belvedere, 10 min. from the
village, a magnificent ♦♦View (finest at sunrise and sunset) is en-
joyed in clear weather, comprising the AlgSu and Vorarlberg Mts.,
and the entire chain of the Alps. The sunsets are often superb. Key
of the belvedere at the hotels.
The road from HOchenschwand to (10V« M.) Waldshut (p. 437), com-
manding fine views, leads viH (!»/« M.) Frohnschwtmd, (2»/4 M.) Tie/enhdusern
mdb ft.] Bossle), (4V4 M.) Bwnholt, (6 H.) Waldkirch (2260 ft. ; Storcb) and
1/2 M.) Espach. — Beyond Tiefenhansern, at a lonely farm, a narrow road
I
leads to the right into the Albtal, passing (V2M.)^runna(iern beyond which
we turn to the right at a ch.'pel and reach (V« hr.) IfiedermUMe (p. 436).
Fbom St. Blabibn to Albbbxk}k, 16 M. (diligence, see p. 434).
— The road descends the valley of the Alb, between wooded heights.
2^4 M. SohrmlzCi with abandoned iron -works; 2V4 M. Kutttrau
28*
436 BOUU 49. ^ Map, p. 430. RHEINFBLDEN.
(Engel). — 1 Va M. Immenekh (2090 ft. ; Adler), with a new chapel.
Aboat IV4M. farther on is the hamlet of NiedermuhU(Wi6ii.'y
Sonne)) where the Hdchensohwand road joins ours (p. 435).
From this point downwards the *Albtal becomes narrower and
wilder. The road passes between perpendicular i^eks, high above
the impetuous brook, and affords occasional views of the grand and
rocky ravine. The most imposing part of the route is beyond TUf en-
stein (Post, on the road, near the bridge), situated on the right bank,
about 5 M. below Niedermflhle, witii a large silk-spinning mill.
Beyond Tlefenstein five tunnels follow each other in rapid suc-
cession. About 2 M. farther on we pass the H6tel turn Hohenfels
(1610 ft. ; very fair), charmingly situated high above the river and
surrounded with grounds (fine view of the Albtal and the Lower
Alps). Near (2 M.) Albbruek (p. 437), on the Bale-Waldshut RaU-
way, the valley opens into that of the Rhine.
49. From B&le to Constance vi& Schaffhausen.
89V« M. Railwat in 41/2-6 hrs. (fares 11 UT GO, 7 UT 70 pf , 6 Jf). Views
on the right.
BQle, see p. 390. The line, from which the 'Strategic Railway'
(p. 431) diverges to the left outside the town, traverses the fertile
valley of the Rhine, here flowing la a channel of considerable depth.
33/4 M. Qrenxcuih^ where excellent 'Markgr&fler' (p. 369) is pi^dueed.
5 M. Wyhleni '^^k ^* JSerthen. The line now approaches the Rhine,
which dashes impetuously over rooks and stones, forming the HoUen"
haken and other rapids. Considerable numbers of salmon are caught
here. The opposite Swiss bank is precipitous and wooded.
972 M* Badisch'Rheinfelden (^*BeiieYne^ with salt-bath^, R. from
IY4, pens, from i^l^Jt\ OberrheinischerHof; Railway Restaurant,
with garden, very fair), with important electric works and factories. —
On the opposite bank lies the Swiss town of Bheinfelden (865 ft. ;
*0rand'H6tel des Salines^ above the town, pens. 9-13 fr. j *Diet8chy,
pens. 672-9 fr., with garden on the Rhine; Schutzen; Engel; Schiff,
all with salt-baths), which was in ancient times strongly fortified
and repeatedly besieged.
To the right of (12 M.) Beuggen is a former lodge of the Teutonic
Order, used since lol7 as a seminary for teachers and reformatory for
chUdren. — 15 M. Nieder-Schwdrstadt. — 17 M. Brennet (p. 4B2).
20 M. 8&ckingen (960 ft.; Bad-Hotel turn Uwen, R. IV4-I V2)
B. 84, D. 2, pens. 4-41/2 Jff Sehutte, R. I1/2-2, B. 8/4. p. 2 JK,
also with baths •yGoldener Knopf, with a terrace on the Rhine; beer
at the Schwarze Wallfisch; Lowenbrduj at the station), a silk^manu^
facturing and timber-trading town with 4223 inhabitants. Near
the stotlon is a bronze War Monument by A. W. Menges^ The old
Abbey Church, with its two towers, rebuilt In 1726> contains ^the
WALDSHUT. Map, p. 4B0, — 49. JJowte. 437
remains of St. Fridolin, tlie apostle of this district (6tli cent.). Over
the portal of the chuich are statues of the saint and of Go ant Uiso
of Qlaras whom he had restored to life. To tiie left, on the ex-
terior of the choir, is the tombstone of Werner Kirchofer (d. 1690)
and his wife Maria Ursula of Schonauw (d. 1691), which formerly
stood behind the chsiteau-garden and suggested the composition of
Scheffel's 'Trompeter von Sackingen\ The abbey, subsequently a
nunnery, was secularised in 1801. In the market-place is a monu-
ment to Scheifel, by Menges. The chateau of Sehonau on the Rhine
Is now the property of Herr Th. Bally. To the right of the entrance
to the covered bridge (fine view of the castle) Is the house in which
Scheffel lived. — Excursion to tiie (l^^M.) 8chwar%$ee or Scheffel-
see, to the N. of the station, on the road to Herrischrled (see below).
— Line to Schopfheim and Lorrach, see p. 432.
To the left of the railway stands the church of OberSdckingen,
— 231/3 M. Artifv(102dft. ; Zum Murgtal), situated at the mouth of
the Murg, in the picturesque valley of which a road ascends to
(&V4^0 SoUingen (Sonne) ; on a hill to the left rises the Harpo-
linger Schloss, Beyond Hottingen the road leads to (3 M.) Herrisch-
ried and (71/2 M. farther) Todtmooi (p. 433).
Opposite (25 V2 M.) Kldn-Laufenburg (Post, unpretending but
very fair, R. 1-1 V21 pens. 4-5 Uf) is the Swiss town of Laufenburg
(^Rheinsoolbad, with salt-baths and a terrace on the river, R. 1-2,
pens. 5-7 fr. ; Adler; beer at the Pfau, with view), picturesquely
placed on the left bank, with its ancient castle, below which the
Rhine dashes impetuously over Its narrow and rocky bed. These
rapids have more than once been successfully navigated, but the
experiment is of course extremely perilous.
The eighth Lord Montagu, the last of his family, perished here in 1793,
and hy a singular coincidence his ancestral mansion of Cowdray House
in Sussex was burned down almost on the same day, and has never
been rebuilt. Below the cataract, salmon are caught in considerable num-
bers. Down to 1808 Klein-Laufenburg and Gross -Laufenburg formed a
single Austrian town, but the former now belongs to Baden, the latter to
Switzerland. ♦View of Gross-Laufenburg from the Schlossberg.
*rhe line passes through a tunnel, and beyond (28 Y2 M.) Albert-
Hauenstein crosses a lofty viaduct.
30 M. Albbmck (1060 ft. ; Zum Albtal, R. 1 V2-3, D. I8/4-3 UT,
very fair), with a large pulp -mill, at the mouth of the Albtal
(p. 486). — 31 V2 M. Dogem.
35 M. Waldshnt (Railway Hotel, R. 1V2-2V2» D. 2, pens, from
A^iJif; Blume, at ^e beginning of the town; Rebstock, Haupt-
Str. 83, with a terrace on the Rhine, both with similar prices;
Rheinischer Hof; beer at the iMoenbrauereij at the station), a quaint
old town with 3824 Inhab. and many industries, lies at a con-
siderable height above the right bank of the river. Diligence to
St. Blasien (p. 434). Railway to Turgi (Zurich) and Winterthur,
see Baedeker's Switzerland,
438 BouU49. NEUHAUSBN. From BdU
Fbom Waldshtjt to iMiaorDxvaiH, 46 M ., railway (a section of the
strategic line mentioned at p. 431) in 2>/4-8*/4 hrs. — 3 M . Thiengen; 6 M.
OherkniAHnffm^ see below. Direreing to tbe left from the Rhine valley,
the Hne ascends. 811. Borhtfm; lOVtX. OfteriHgen; 12 M. UnUrtggingen;
UVtX. Eberjing9n, — 17 M. Bttthlinfen (1490 ft. t JBirtch, very fair$ Adler\
an old town, commanded by the castle of HolunUtpfen (extensive view).
Pleasant exconrsions to SehUitheim^ near which excavations in an ancient
Roman camp have brought to li^t a Bomber of interesting antiquities ^
to Unterhallauy etc — 18>/t M . ITst'ssn (diligence to Bonndorf, p. 430).
The valley contracts. The line passes nnder the ruin of Blumegg J>y a
spiral tunnel 1800 yds. in length, and crosses the Watach by a lofty
bridge. 23 M. GrimmtUhofen. Beyond a short tunnel, the line enters
the spiral BtoehhtOdm Twmtl^ 1860 yds. in length, by which it ascends
in corkscrew fashion. From the station of (26V2 M.) FUtten (1930 ft.) we
enjoy an interesting survey of the line just traversed. Several viaducts are
passed, high above the Wutach valley. 31 M. Bpfmhofm. The line
reaches its culminating point at (35 M.) ZollhaM»'Bhmii>trg (3300 ft.) and
descends past Rieddtchingen^ Leip/erdingen. Aulfingm^ Kir then- Hawen^ and
HinUehingen to (46 K.) Immmdingen (p. 410).
From Waldshut to H9chent^wand by road, see p. 435.
Quitting W&idshat, the train passes through a tannel, and skirts
the hills to the left. The Schlucht is crossed.
38 M. Thiengen (1140 ft ; Krone ; Oehs, R. 1 1/2-2, pens. 5-7 Jf\
an industrial town with 2448 Inhabitants.
A road from Thiengen up the *8ohlfteht-Tal (diligence to Schluchsee
via Birkendorf once dsily in W4 hrs.) offers a very interesting walk for
part of the way. At (2 M.) the Brueihaui Inn (1310 ft. \ pens. 4-6 Jf ; baths)
a covered bridge crosses the ravine ; >/« ^* farther on a path descendls to
the left to the Ecuelbaeh WaUrfall^ 1/4 U. beyond which is the OutitnUmrg
saw-mill, at the foot of a rock (1460 ft.) crowned with a small ruined castle.
About 2V4 X. farther on is the Witnauer Mtthle (1430 ft. ; inn, very fair),
at the junction of the Schlttcht-Tal and BehwarMO'TtA. From this point
the Schldchi-Tal vies in picturesque beauty with the Wehra-Tal and the
Albtal. On each side are lofty and partly-wooded rocks. At one place the
stream occupies the whole width of the valley, so that after its junction
with the Mettma a passage for the new road had to be hewn through the
rocks. — Farther on the valley again expands. — 9Vs M. (from Thiengen)
UehUmgen (2120 ft. ; Posthom, very fair). — 12 M . Birkmdor/ (2580 ft. ; Hirsch ;
Post). — 15 M . Orqfenhamen (2940 ft i Hirsch). — 17 M . BothJumt (3190 ft. ;
inn). — 18i/« M . Schluehtee, see p. 424.
40 Y4 M. Oherlauchringen, on the Wutach (* Strategic Line' to
Immendingerhf see aboye). The train crosses the Wutach. The ruined
castle of Kussenherg, on a wooded eminence to the right, is now
passed. — 44 M. Oriessen, Beyond (47 M.) J^smpen (customs exa-
mination) the train enters Swiss territory. 49 M. Wilchingen-y
50 V2 M. Neufikirchi 541/2 M. Beringen,
57 M. Keuhauien. Besides the Badm Btation^ at which we arrive,
there is a ^Bwiss Btation" of the same name on the Swiss railway, to the
B. of the village below. — Elbctbio Railwat to Schaffhausen, p. 489.
Hotels. *8oHWBiZBBHOF, R. 4-8, B. li/s, D. 5, pens. 10-16 fr., with
laree garden and beautiful views or the falls and the Alps; 'Bellbvub,
R. 8-5, B. 11/4, D. 4 fr., with similar view. — In the village of Keuhausen:
•H6TKL-Pmf8iow Orrmania, R. 3-4, B. IV4, I>. 2Vr3, pens. 6-10 fr. j H6tbl
Obbbbbbo, R. 2-2Vs fr. ; HdT. Bai>I80hbb Bahnhop t HdTSL Rhbimfall, R.
2r3 fr. ; Hot. Schwbizbb BAHNHor, 3 min. from the iSwiss station. — BttgliA
Church in the 'Schweizerhof grounds. — About lVt-2 hrs. are sufacieat for
a visit to the falls. In summer the falls are illuminated every evening
with electric light, for which a charge of »/4-l fr- *« made in each bill.
to Constance. SCHAFFHAUSBN. 49. RoiUe. 439
Neuhausen (1448 ft.) is the station fot the *FallB of the Bhine,
one of the finest cascades in Eniope, locally called the 'Laufen',
which descend in three leaps over a ledge of rock of unequal height.
The breadth of the river above the falls is about 126 yds. The
height of the unbroken fall is 62 ft. near the left bank and 49 ft.
by the right. If the rapids above and below are taken into con-
sideration the whole fall is nearly 100 ft. high. The river is largest
in June and July, owing to the melting of the snow.
From the Baden Station we follow the road to the left, and
after a few paces descend by a path to the right to the village of
Neuhatuen. At the H6tel Rheinfall we descend to the right by a
finger-post, and after 100 paces take the shady path to the' left,
passing the Waggon Factory, to the (}/i'hT.) Rheinfall' Briicke, which
carries the Swiss ^Nordostbahn' over the Rhine to the left bank.
On the left bank a path ascends in 5 min. to the 8chlo8s Laufen
(inn), picturesquely situated on a wooded rock above the falls ; the
garden (adm. 1 fir.) affords the best points of view : viz, the Tavilion,
the Kc^eli^ and in particular the Fischetz, a gallery projecting
almost into the roaring cataract. From the lower entrance to the
SchlosB-Oarten we ferry across (60 c. each) to the SchWsschen Worth
(inn), on an island commanding another fine view of the falls. A
boat to the central rock in the falls, which may be ascended without
danger, costs 3 fr. for 1 or 2 persons. — From the Schlosschen
Worth we may either return to the station direct, or follow the path
ascending on the right bank (benches at intervals), passing an
Aluminium Factory (left), to the road, when we descend slightly to
the right to a stone parapet, affording another good surVey of the
falls. Gomp. Baedekers Switzerland.
59 M. Sohaffhausen. — Hotels. *HdTBL Holler, opposite the station,
B. 2i/«-3V2, B. 11/4, D. incl. wine 31/2 fr. •, *H6tel National, R. 2-3, B. 11/4,
D. 21/2-3 fr. ; *BiE8B, R. 2-8, B. lV4, D. 3 ft. ; Rheinischeb Hof, R. 2-3,
B. 1 fr., well spoken ofi Schwan, near the station, R. 2V2-3, D. 3 fr., very
fair; Bahnhof-Hotel ; Tannb; L«we. — G 00 A RaUicap Restaurant, — Biver
Baths above the town, open for men 6-1 and 5-8.
Electric Railway from the Bahnhof-Platz to Neuhausen (see above) in
20 min. (30 c).
Schaffhausen (1320 ft. ; pop. 16,000), a free imperial town down
to 1501 and now capital of the Swiss canton of Schaffhausen, retains
many of its ancient characteristics. It is most picturesque when
seen from the village of Feuerthalen, on the left bank of the Rhine
(two bridges), or from Villa CharlottenfelSj on the right bank. Herr
Moser (d. 1874), builder of the latter, originated the great Water
Works in the Rhine for the supply of the factories in the town. The
early-Romanesque Munster, a basilica supported by columns, was
built in 1052-1101, and has lately been restored. The Schloss
Munot, which commands the town, dates from 1564-82 (view from
the tower, 50 c; restaurant on the platform). The Fdsenstaub
Promenade affords a beautiful view of the Rhine and the Alps.
440 BofOedg. BADOLFZELL. From BdU
6IV2M. HerhUngen; 20 min. above it is tbe ScUoss of the same
name (1970 ft.; view). 64 M. Thaingen, The train now re-enters
Baden. 67 M. OoUmadingm." -^ 71 M. Singen (1405 ft; Krone,
^2^* from the station, R. i^/i'% D. 2 Jf, unpretending bnt good;
Ekkehard, R. IV*-! V2, B. »/4, D. IVsr^ *^f' Sekw€i%er Hof, B. 1 i/2-2,
B. 9/4 Jf; Adier^ nearest the station, plain; Baihoay Bestaurantj^
a small town of 6720 inhab., on the Ache, is the junction of the
Black Forest Railway (R. 48 f) and of the Upper Neckar line (see
Baedeker's Sovthem Oermany). Lnggage examined here.
The ruined fortress of Hohentwiel ^255 ft.), an 'enol&ve' of Wurtem-
berg within the Bavarian dominions, which was bravely and successfully
defended by the Wurtemberg commandant Wiederholt in the Thirty Tears'
War, lies 3Vs M: from the station. Turning to the right Vs H. beyond the
Krone Hotel, we pass (90 min.) the Hohentwiel Inn (clean), and in about
another 1/4 hr. reach the entrance to the fortress (adm. 20 pf.)> The castle,
destroyed by the French in 18(X),' is situated on an isolated basaltic rock,
commanding a fine prospect of the Tyrolese and Swiss Alps as far as
Mont Blanc.
75 M. Bickelshausen, — 77 M. BadolfkeU (1305 ft.; Sekiff^
very fair; Krone, Sonne, plainer), an ancient town of 5211 in-
hab., with walls and gates, is situated on the Untersee, The Gothic
church, dating from 1436, contains the tomb of St Radolf and a line
reliquary (left side-altar), dating substantially from the 9th century.
At the Villa Seekalde is a monument to its former owner, the poet
Victor von Scheffel (d. 1886). Radolfzell is the Junction of the line
to Mengen (Sigmaringen) and Ulm (see Baedekers Southern Qer^
many),
79 M. Markafingen; 821/2 M. AUensbachj 84 M. Hegne, —
85V2 ^* ^^ichenau, the station for the island of that name, which
is connected with the mainland by a long causeway (1 M.) and
has for some time been visible to the right
The island of Keiohenau, belonging to Baden, is 3 M. long and 1 K.
wide. It was formerly the seat of a famous Benedictine Abbep^ founded in
724 and suppressed in 1799. It may be visited by the causeway (see above),
by row-boat from Hegne or Allensbach (i/4j[ir.), or by the Constance steamer.
— Approaching from the causeway, we pass the ruined tower of SeMpfeln,
the abboVs residence, and reach Oberzell, a hamlet with a Romanesque
church of the 9-lOth cent., containing the oldest extant church-frescoes in
Germany (iOth cent.). — In the middle of the island lies its largest viUage
(1000 inhab.), MitMzell or MUnster Qtohr \ Bar), the church of which, con-
secrated in 806 and dating in its present form from the ll-12th cent, (choir,
late-Gothic, 1448-1551), was the church of the above-mentioned abbey.
Charles the Fat, great-grandson of Charlemagne, who was dethroned in
887, was interred in this church. The sacristy contains some fine reli-
quaries. A fine view is obtained from the W. tower of the Kdnigteggy a
16th cent, chateau, recently restored. — The church of VhterMell^ at the
N.W. end of the island, is another columned basilica of the 9-12th centuries.
In the apse are some frescoes of the 11th cent, discovered in 1900. —
Fine view from the belvedere on the FriedricJuhdhe (key kept at the
Mohr inn at Mittelzell).
The train crosses the Rhine by an iron bridge and stops at : —
89^2 M. Constance. — Hotels. *Insel Hotel, in the old Dominican
monastery, with a restaurant and garden, and view of the lake, B. 3-6,
B. IV4, D. 4, S. 31/2, peps, from 8 Jf, closed from Nov. Ist to April 1st;
to Constance, GONSTANQ^. 49. Boute. 441
*HdTEL Halm, B. from 2i/s, B. 1, D. 3 Jl; *SoH62aBBOK, B. 2-4, B. 1,
D. 2-3 •#, both opposite the station; Hboht, to the N. of the station,
very fair, B. 2-3, B. 1, D. 3, pens. &JfV/2 Jl, with wine-room. — Kronb,
B. 2-21/2, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 6-T J(; Sghnbtzbs, both in Ae market-place,
very fair. — English Church Service in summer. — Baths in the lake, well
fitted up (bath 40 pf., ferry 10 pf.).
Constance (1335 ft.), with 24,81S Inhab., a free town of the
Empire down to 1548, lies at the N.W. end of the Lake of Con-
stance, at the efflux of the Rhine. The episcopal see, founded in 781,
and held by 87 bishops in succession, was made an archbishopric
and removed to Freiburg In 1827.
The ^Gathbdbal, founded In .1052, originally a eruciform
Romanesque edifice, was rebuilt in Its present form in 1435 and 1680.
The Gothic tower (250 ft. high), designed by Hubsoh, was erected
in 1850-57; the open spire, ^th a platform on each side, commands
an excellent suryey of the town and lake (mountain-indicator at the
top; adm. 20 pf.).
The Stadt-Kanzlbi oi town -hall, erected in 1593 In the
Renaissance style, and embellished in 1864 on the facade, with fres-
coes by F, Wagner, relating to the history of Constance, contains the
Municipal Arehives in the lower rooms (2800 charters, chiefly firom.
the Reformation period). Handsome inner court.
The RosoABTBN, the old gulldhouse of the butchers, contains the
Rosgarten Museum of lacustrine remains, antiquities of Constance,
and natural history specimens (open free on Wed., 2-5, and Sun.,
10.30-12; at other times 50 pf.).
The Kavfhaus, on the lake, erected in 1388, contains the large
hall, 52 yds. long, 35 yds. wide, and home by ten massive oaken
pillars, where the conclave of cardinals met at the time of the Great
Council (1414-18). The hall has been restored and was adorned in
1875-85 with frescoes by Pecht and Sehworer from the history of
the town (adm. 20 pf.).
Other objects of interest are the Wessenbtrg-Haus (with artistio
collections), the late-Gothic church of 8t Stephen^ and the points
associated with the martyrs John Huss and Jerome of Prague.
A pleasant excursion may be made to the island of Mainau
(1 1/2 ^rO> ^onnerly the seat of a commandery of the Teutonic Order
and now a summer-residence of the Grand-Duke of Baden. For fuller
details, see Baedeker's Southern Oermany ot Baedeker's 8\pUzerland,
INDEX.
Aachen 3.
Abenden 15.
Achern 878.
Aohert899.
Aehkarren 881.
Ad&msweiler 818.
Adenaa 106.
Adolphseck 146.
Adolphshdhe 153.
Aeule i23. 424.
Affenthal 878.
Affolterbach 261.
Aftersteg 418. 430.
Aglasterhatuieii 276.
Aha 428.
Ahr, Valley of the 08.
AhrweUer 100.
Ahtltte 304.
Aitern 429.
Aix-la-Chapelle 8.
Albbrack 437.
Alberachweiler 820.
Albenweiler 801.
Alberabach 421.
Albert-Hanensiein 437.
Albig 286.
Albishelm 287.
AlbBhausen 221.
Albsheim 287.
Albtal 436.
Aldegond 196.
Aldekerk 66.
Aldenhoven 15.
Alexanderschanse 401.
406.
Alf 195.
— , the 196.
Alfelden 366.
Aiken 192.
Allensbach 440.
Allerheiligen 400.
AUerheiligen-Berg 114.
Allner, castle 67.
Alpen 60.
Alpirsbach 412.
Alsbsch 255.
Alsbacher Schloss 256.
Alsens 169.
AUheim 281.
Alspach 345.
Altaratein, the 269.
Alt-Breisach 388.
Alt-Eberstein 376.
Alte Bnrg 118. 122.
Alte Bck, the 414.
Alte Mann, the 427.
Altenahr 101.
Altenbach 363.
Altenbamberg 160.
Altenbaumbarg, the 169.
Altenberg (near Bergisch-
aiadbach) 63.
— (on the Lahn) 221.
~ (Alsace) 360.
Altenburg (Ahr) 102.
— , the (Moselle) 191.
Altendorf 68.
Altenglan 296.
Altenhainer-Tal 248.
Altenheim 379.
Altenkirchen 220.
Altenatein 144.
Altglashutte 423. 421.
Althombere 406.
Althfttte 4».
Altkirch 828.
Altkonig, the 247.
Altlnssheim 276.
Attmatt 834.
Alt-Miinsterol 328.
Altrich 198.
Altschweier 393.
Alt-Urach. rain 424.
Altweier 844.
Alt-WeUnau 256.
Altwied 78.
Alt-Windeck 87a 393.
Alzey 286.
Amanweiler 178.
Ameln 16.
Ammerschweier 844.
Amdneberg 137.
Amorbach 264.
Ampfersbach 850.
Ancy 179.
Andel 201.
Andemach 76. 79. 84.
Andlan 338. '
Anebos, rain 302.
Angenbach-Tal, the 431.
Annaberg 372.
Annatal 88.
Annweiler 301.
Anrath 62.
Ans 2.
Anipach 246.
Antogast 403.
Antoniusatein, ruin 106.
Antweiler 102.
Apollinarisbrnnnen 98.
Apollinariikirehe 73.
Appeldom 60.
Appenhofen 292.
Appenweier 379.
Ardeek 146.
Aremberg 102.
Arenberg 118.
Arenfels 76. 79. 84.
Argensehwang 160.
Argweiler 820.
Ariendorf 75. 84.
Arienheller 75.
Armsheim 2t6.
Arnhem 18.
Amstein, monast. 218.
Arras, Burg 196.
Ars-snr-Moselle 179.
Asbach 276. 67.
Asbacher-Tal 97.
Aschbach 261.
Aepaeh 866.
Asselhelm 287.
Assmannshausenl28. 142.
Asterstein, the 112.
Atienbath 67.
Atzenbach 431.
An (Mnrgtal) 396.
— (Siegtal) 67.
— (Todtmooa) 483.
Anbnre 344.
Aue365.
Anerbach 266.
Anggen 390.
Angusta-Hdhe, the 114.
Aulflngen 438.
Aulhausen 139.
Anmenan 221.
Auringen-Medenbach
249.
Auw 207.
AYolsheixn 330
Ayriconrt 320.
Baal 61.
Babenhansen 263.
Bacharach 125. 140.
INDEX.
443
Bachheim 420.
Baden -366.
Badener Hohe, the 394.
Badenweiler 425.
BahUngen 380.
Baienbronn 386.
^aldeneltz, castle 193.
Baldenweger Hiitte ^1<
Baldainstein 219.
B&le 390.
Balkhausen 256.
BaUon d'Al8ace 366.
— de Servance 356.
— de Sonlts 353.
Ballreohten 388.
^ammenthal 276.
Ban de la Boche 333.
Bannstein 317.
Banzenheim 828.
Barbelroth 292.
Barbelfltein 803.
Barenfels 393. 433.
Bazenhiltte 844.
Baren-Tal, the 421.
Barhalde, the 421.
Barl, the 196.
Barmen 64.
Barr 336.
Bartenheim 828.
Barweiler 205.
Basel 390.
Basse Orange 346.
Bastberg, the 318.
Battert, the 375.
Bandreconrt 820.
Bansenberg. the 105.
Bayenthal 69.
Bayerfeld 169.
Becheln 116.
Beckingen 180.
Bedburg 15.
Beedenkirchen 259.
Beerfelden 265.
Beiertheim 365.
Beilstein 194.
Belchen, the 429.
— , Grosie 853.
— , Kleine 849.
— , Sulser 353.
— , Welsche 366.
Belfort 328.
Bell 106.
Bellheim 800.
Bellingen 390.
Bendorf 78. 85.
Benfeld 823.
Bengel 198.
Beningen 174. 190. 317.
Bennweier 324.
fienrath 25.
Bensberg 26. 69.
Bensdorf 819. 320.
Bensheim 267.
Benzebene, the 412,
Berohem 190.
Berg 800.
Bergen 262.
Berghansen 257. 300.
Bergheim 16.
Berglsch-Gladbach 26.
Berg-Kassan 218.
Bergstein, the 290.
Bergstrasse, the 255.
Bergzabem 292.
Beringen 438.
Bermeringen 320.
Bermersbach 397.
Bermont 846.
Beman 434.
Bembach 865.
Bemcastel 201. 198.
Bemeck, the 412.
Bernstein, rain 836.
Berthelmingen 320.
Bertrich 196.
Berwartstein 803.
Besenfeld 808.
Besselich 79.
Bessungen 255.
Bettembourg 190.
Bettenfeld ^2.
Betsdorf 67.
Beuel 91. 66.
Benemer-Tal 374.
Benggen 436.
Benl 99.
BeuHg 181.
Bewingen 204.
Bexbach 297.
Biberach 405.
Biblis 250. 265.
BibU^heim 298.
Bickenbach 255.
Biebermiihle 302.
Biebemheim 121.
Biebesheim 250.
Biebrich 186. 143. 153.
Biewer 198.
BUdstockTunnel, the 173,
BiUigheim 292.
Bilstein 883. 344.
Binan 276.
Bingen 129. 140.
Bingerbruck 181. 140.
Binger Loch, the 128.
Bingert 158.
Binsenwasen, the 376.
Birkenau 261.
Birkendorf 488.
Birkenfcld (Nahe) 172.
— (Pforzheim) 367.
Birkenfels 388.
BirkweUer 301.
Birlenbach 219.
Birresbom 206.
Birten 59.
Bischheim 801.
Bischofsheim (Alsace)
885.
— (Hesse) 240. 261.
Bischofstein 192.
BischweUer 294.
Bisten 421.
Bitburg 207.
Bitsch 317.
Bitschweiler 354.
Black Forest, the 390.
Blanc Bupt 846.
Blankenberg b7.
Blankenheim 204.
Blasiwald 425.
Blanen, the 427.
Bleckhausen 211.
Bleialf 208.
Bldbach 4t5. 416.
Bleidenstadt 144.
Blens 15.
Bleyberg 1. 8.
Blochereck^e 400.
Bloss, the 887.
Blossiing, the 483. 434.
BltLchei^Tal. the 125.
Blnmberg 438.
Blnmegg 438.
Blnmenthal 204.
Bobenheim 281.
Bockelheim, ruins 170.
Bockenheim (Alsace) 320*
— (Frankfort) 69. 240.
— (Palatinate) 287.
Bodendorf 98.
Bodenheim 280.
Bodenstein, the 221.
Bodental 127.
BSdingen, monast. 67.
Boes 192.
Bogel 122.
Bohl290.
Bohrerbach 388.
BoU 420.
Bollen-Tal, the 431.
BollweUer 326.
Bonames 69. 240.
Bondorf 83.
Bonhomme, Le 346.
Bonn 85.
Bonndorf 420.
Boosenburg, the id2.
Boppard 117. 140.
Boroette 12.
Bomhofen 119. 142.
Borrstadt 287.
Borsch 836.
B5rskritt 405.
Bos, the 185.
Botzingen 880.
Bourg-Bruche 338.
Boos 174. 180.
Boxtel 19.
444
INDEX.
Bramont, Ool de 355.
Br&nd&u 259.
Brandeck 128.
Brftndenberg 422.
Braubach 116. 141.
Braunberg, the 400.
Brauncheaberg, the 145.
Brauneberg, the 201.
Braunfela 221.
Brauweiler 16.
Btebach 317.
Breiberg, the 97.
Breidscheid 108.
Breisach 888.
Breisgau, the 882.
Breitenbach 839. 849.
Breitenbnmaen 894.
Bremerhof 287.
Bremm 196.
Brend, the 414.
Brenden 424.
Brenk 106.
Brennet 432.
Bressoir, the 340.
Bretzenheim 165.
Breaberg, rxiin 263.
Brexbach-Tal 84.
Brey 116.
Br^Boaard. the 840. 344,
Briedel 199.
Briedeni 194.
Brlenen 60.
BrlgittenschloM 379.
Brodenbach 192.
Brohl 75. 79.
Brohltal, the 104.
Brombach 432.
Brdmserburg, the 132.
Brothers, the 119.
Brotschberg 822.
Brotzingen 367.
Bruchhaasen 865.
Bruchmiihlbach 296.
Bruchsal 356.
Bruchweiler 304.
Brack 102.
Bruhl 81.
Bmmath 818.
Brunnadern 485.
Brunnenburg 218.
Brflschbilckel 840.
Brussels 1.
Bruttig 194.
Bubenhauser Hohe 143.
Biibingeo, chit. 189.
Buchbom 248.
Buchenbach 418>
Bnchenbriicken 6^*
Buchenloch 206.
BnchholK <Kl7,thaT) 416.
— niflnderftcheid) 211.
— ("neap fBraubaeh) 118"
Bifchkopf 393,
Buehsweiler 318.
Budenheim 141. 136.
Biiderich 68. 69.
Biidesheim 130. 286.
Buggingen 889.
Biihl (near Baden) 878.
— (near Gebweiler) 862.
Buhlbach 393.
Buhler-Tal 393.
Buir 16.
Bolach 366.
Bnllay 196.
Bunte Kuh, the 100.
Bnrbach (near BetzdorO
67.
— (Saarbriicken) 173.
Bnrg (Black Forest) 417.
— (XoseUe) 199.
— (Wupper) 63.
Bur^brohl 104.
Biirgeln 427.
Burgen 192.
Burg-Schwalbach 146.
Bnrgsolms 221.
Borg-Sponheim 169.
Burkheim 381.
Bnrnhanpt 366.
Biirresheim 208.
Bnrscheid 63.
Biirscheid 198.
Burstadt 250. 267.
Bilrstenstein 399.
Burtscheid 12.
Baschfeld 180.
Bosenbach 892.
Busenberg 308.
Busendorf 180.
Bossang 866.
— , Col de 364.
Bdtgenbach 13.
BiittensteinFalls, the 400.
Butzbach 68.
OsecUienberg, the 373,
Calcar 60.
Call 204.
Calmbach 357.
Calmond, the 196.
Camberg 260.
Camp 119. 142.
Camphausen 173.
Canzem 181.
Capellen 114. 16. 62. 140.
Carden 193.
Carlsnihe 358.
Casel 202.
Casselburg, the 206.
Casselsmhe, the 91.
Castel (Mayence) 241. 261,
— (Saarburg) 181.
Castellaun 118.
Cat, the, ruin 121.
Cattenes 192.
Caab 124. 142.
Cemay 863.
<3hamp du Fen 889.
Chatel-St-6ermain 176.
Ch&tenois 889.
Chatte Pendue, the 883.
Chaudfontaine 8.
Chansseehans 168. 144.
Chdn€e 8.
Christophsthal 898.
Clarenbach 64.
Clarenthal 163.
Clausen 202.
Clef, the 181.
Clemens-GapeUe, the 127,
Cleve 60.
Climont, the 838.
Clotten 193.
Cluflserath 202.
Cobem 191.
Coblenx 106.
Cochem 198.
Colin 169.
Colmar 824.
Oolopie 26.
Altenmarkt 47.
Apostles' Church 49.
Aquarium 65.
Archiepisc. Palace 61.
Arsenal 60.
Art Exhibitions 29.
Baths 29.
Bayenturm 62.
Botanical Garden 66.28.
Bottmiihle 63.
Breite Strasse 49.
Bridges 47.
Carniyal 28.
Cathedral 83.
Cemetery 66.
Christuskirehe 64.
City Library 50.
Collections 29.
Commercial High
School 63. 66.
(3oncerts 28.
Eau de Cologne 29.
Eigelsteln-Tor 66.
Engineering School 6S.
Flora (harden 66. 28.
Fountains 38. 43. 47.
Goyemment 60.
Gross-St-Martin 47.
Glirzenich, the 44. 28.
Hahnentor 53.
Hansa-Platz 64.
Harbour 47.
Her2-Je8u-Kirche 53.
Heumarkt 46.
Hohe Strasse 42.
Hospitals 48.
Jesuits' Church 62.
Kurfdrsten-Garten 28.
INDEX.
445
Cologne :
Law Courts 50.
Market 47.
Mauritius Church 49.
Minorites' Church 42.
Museui^ Archiepisco-
pal 88.
— , Historical 56. 58.
— , Bautenstrauch-
Joest 58.
— , WaUraf-Eichart*
39
— of Industrial Art 54.
— of Natural History
47.
Keumarkt 49.
Pfaffenthor 45.
^ost Office 52. 29.
Race Course 65.
BaUway Stations 26.
Bathhaus 43.
— Chapel 44.
Beichsbank 52.
Bing-Strasse 53. 58. 54.
BSmergang 43.
Bdmer>Park 53.
Bomerthurm 50.
Bubens's House 48.
St. Agnes 68.
— Andreas 52.
— Cecilia 48.
— Columba 48.
— Cunibert 52.
— George 43.
— Gereon 60.
— Maria im Capitol 45.
iuLyBkirchen47.
— — in "der Scbnur-
easse 49.
— Martin 47.
— Pantaleon 48.
— Peter 48.
— Severin 43.
— Ursula 51.
Severins-Tor 58.
Sport-Plats 56.
SUdt-Garten 58. 28.
Stadtwald 66.
Stapelhaus 47.
Statue of Fred. Will.
lU. 46.
Fred.WUl.IV.48.
Frederick UI. 56.
WUUam h 54.
Empress Augusta
Bismarck 42.
Moltke43.
Werth 47.
KoIping42.
Steamboats X. 29.
Synagogue 48. 53.
Technieal College 53.
Cologne:
Templars' Lodge 46.
Theatres 28. 48. 53. 55.
Tramways 28.
Trinity Church 46.
Ulre Monument 53.
— Pforte 58.
Volksgarten 63. 28.
Wolkenburg, the 48.
Zoolog. Garden 55. 28.
Colombey 178.
Cond 194.
Conder-Tal 111. 191.
Constance 440. .
Conz 181.
Consen 13.
Cordel 207.
Comelymiinster 18.
Corray 199.
Corschenbroich 62.
Cottenheim 208.
Courcelles-sur-Nied 174.
Cranenburg 60.
Crefeld 67. 62.
Croff 200.
Cronberg 245.
Cronenbeiv 66.
Cronthal m.
Cues 201.
Curve 143. 242.
Daaden 67.
Daaren-See, the 347.
Dachsenhausen 116.
Dachskopf, the 116.
Dachstein 331.
Dagsburg, the (near Bgis-
heim) S^.
— (near Zabem) 822.
Dahn 303.
Dalberg 169.
Dambach 836.
Dammeridrch 328.
Dannenfels 286.
Danube, the 409.
Daren-See 847.
Darmstadt 251.
Darscheid 209.
Dattenberg 74.
Dauchstein, ruin 276.
Daufenbach 207.
Daun 209.
Dauner Maare, the 209.
Dausenau 217.
Dehm, castle 220.
Deidesheim 289.
Denn 102.
Denntol 103.
Densbom 206.
Denzlingen 381.
Derkum 203.
Demau 101.
Dettenbach 416.
Dettweiler 319.
Detzem 202.
Deurenburg, ruin 120.
Deutsch-Avricourt 320.
Deutsch-Bumbach 340.
Deutz 65.
Devant-les-Pont* 190.
Devirs Ladder 126.
Dhaun 171.
DiebUch 191.
Diedenbergen 241.
Diedenhofen 190.
Diedesfeld 291.
Diedesheim 276.
Diedolshausen 846.
Diedolshauser Hohe 341.
Diefenbach 293.
Diekirch 189.
Dielkirchen 169.
Diemeringen 318.
Diemerstein 296.
Dierdorf 220.
Dieringhausen 66.
Dietkirchen 220.
Dietz 219.
Dietzenley 205.
DiUenburg 67.
Dillingen 180.
Dilsberg, castle 274.
Dinglingen 380.
Dinkelberg 432.
Dinkholder Brunnen 116.
Dinslaken 19.
Dirmstein 279.
Disibodenberg 170.
Dobel 358. 392.
DockweUer 200.
Dogem 437.
Ddggingen 420.
Dolhainp 3.
Dollendorf 82.
Domfessel 818.
Dommelberg, the 111.
Dommerberg, the 856.
Donatusberg 74.
Donaueschingen 409.
Donnexsberg. the 287.
Donon, the 334.
Dordrecht 16.
Dorlisheim 385.
Dormagen 56.
Domach 326. 353.
Domberg 250.
Domheim 250.
Dornholzhausen 244.
Dornigheim 262.
Ddrrenbadi 292.
Dossenheim 318. 268.
Dottelbach 408.
Dottingen 389.
Dotzheim 144.
Drachenburg 94.
Drachenfels, castle 94.
446
INDEX.
Drftchenfels (Palatinate)
295.808.
Draischberg 80.
Drei Aehren 848.
Dreibnmn 820.
Dreien-Egisheim 926.
Dreihof 801.
Drei-M arkstein 854.
Drelmflhlen 204.
Dreis 209-
Dreisen 28T.
Dreistein, rain 888.
Driebergen 17.
Dromeraheim 286.
Drusenheim 8(H.
Dnchroth- Oberbansen
169. 297.
Dudeldorf 207.
Dudweiler 178.
Doisburg 19. 63.
Diimpelfeld 102.
Dnrbach 379.
Diiren 15.
Diirkheixn 288.
Darlach 357.
Dtlrrenbacb 298.
Diirrbeim 409.
Dosemond 201.
Ddaaeldorf 20. 62.
Dntenbofen 68.
Dyck, Schlosa 61.
Eberardfl-Glansen 196.
Eberbacb (Rheingau) 184.
— (on the Neckar) 276.
Ebemach 194.
Ebemburg 168.
Ebersbeim 828.
Eberotadt 255.
Eberotein, castle 396.
Eberoteinburg 376.
Ebertabeim 287.
Ebnet 417.
Ecbternacb 189.
Eekerich 840.
Eckfeld 211.
Edelfranengrab, tbe 400.
Edelmannskopf, the 405.
Edenkoben 291.
Edesheim 291.
Ediger 195.
Edigheim 279.
Ednardsthal 264.
EMngen 390.
Bgerten 428.
Egiflheim 826.
Ehr 116.
Ehrang 198. 202. 207.
Ebrenbreitsteln 112.
Ebrenburg 192.
Ehrenfeld 16.
Ehrenfels 128.
Ehrenthal (^lae) 120.
Ebrental (Saarbriieken)
173.
Ehringshansen 67.
Bibingen 183.
Bichberg 195.
Eichelberg 262.
Eichelspitze 380.
Eichen 431.
Eichhofen 836.
Eichstetten 380.
Bifel, the 206.
EUendorf 14.
Eimeldingen 390.
Binach 414.
Binod 297.
Bisenbach 296.
Eisenberg 287.
BiBen8chinltt212. 198.207.
Eiaerne Hand 144.
Bitorf 67.
Blberfeld 64.
BlisenhShe, the 131.
Ellens 194.
BUer 195.
— , Schloss 25.
Blmshausen 260.
Blmateiner-Tal 295.
Blsaashaiuen 2^.
Elschbach 296.
Blfldorf 15.
Elsenborn 13.
Blten 18. 60.
Bltrille 136. 143.
EltTiller Au, the 186.
Bltz, Schloss 193.
Bleach 416.
Blxhof 408.
Emmaburg, the 13.
Bmmendingen 381.
Bounerich 18.
Bmpel 18.
Ems 212.
Enchenberg 317.
Ender-Tal, the 194. 206.
Endingen 881.
Engelbure 863.
Eogeln 1(J&.
Bngelport, ruin 193.
Engelsberg 264.
Engelskanzel, the 376.
Bngelsley, the 102.
Engen 410.
Engental 822.
Engers 78. 84.
Engheim 831.
Enkenbach 287. 170.
Enkirch 199.
Ennepe, the 86.
Bnnert. the 82.
Bnsch 202.
Bnsdorf 180.
Ensisheim BX»
Ensival 8.
Bnskldsterle 358. 396.
Eniweiler 172.
Bpfenhofen ^8.
Bpfig 886.
Eppelhelm 276.
Bppelsheim 287.
Eppenhain 247.
Eppstein 219. 281.
Erbach (Odenwald) 264.
— (Rheingau) 186. 142.
Erbenheim 249.
Brden 200.
Brdmanns-HShle 482.
Brdorf 207.
Brensberg. the 206.
Brfelden !S0. 255.
Erfweiler Schloss 806.
Brkelens 61.
Erkrath 64.
Brtenbach 261. 803. 389.
Brlenbad 878.
Brlenbrack 419.
Ernsthansen 221.
Ernstthal 264.
Brpel 74. 84.
Erpolzheim 288;
Brschheimer Oapelle
275.
Ersingen 858.
Brstein 823.
Eningen 488.
Bnkasten, the 388.
Bschbach 221. 901.
Eschborn 2^.
Bscheck 414.
Eschelbronn 276.
Bsehelmer 345.
BsehersheiBf 240.
Eschery 340.
Bschhofen 220.
Eschkopf 295.
Bschweiler 14.
Eselsfftrth 287. 170.
Bsemael 2.
Essen 68.
Ettenheim 880.
Ettlingen 365. 391.
Bttringer-Bellenberg 208.
Bnlbach 264.
Enlsbaeh 261.
Eupen 18.
Enren 181.
Bnskirchen 903.
Eusserthal 301.
Bnttngen 413.
Eyachmtthl 858. 392.
Fachingen 219.
Fahl 4^.
Fahrenbaeh 262.
Fahraan 481. 482.
Fald 194.
Falte» <»iftteaa 340.
INDEX.
447
Fftlkau 424.
Falkenberg 174.
Falkenborg 127.
F&lkenlei, the 197.
FaUuBsteig 418.
Falkenstein (Alsace) 317.
— (near Herreiialb) 392.
— (Hollental) 418.
— (Kinzigthal) 413.
— (Taunas) 246.
— (Winnweiler) 169.
Fankel 194.
Farrexikopf, the 405.
Farschweiler 817.
Faud^ 346.
Faulenfiirst, the 434.
Fayorite, the 875.
Fegersheim 323.
Feldherg (Taanae) 247.
— (Black Forest) 420. 422.
Feldkirch 826.
Feldsee, the 431.
Felleringen 855.
Felsberg, the (Bifel) 206.
— (Odenwald) 259.
Felsenmeer, the 259.
Fentsch 190.
Ferette 328.
Ferres 302.
Filsen 117. 143.
Filzen 201.
Finstertal 290.
Finstingen 820.
Finthen 165.
Fischbach (Kahe) 171.
— (Nassau) 246.
— Tal, the 127. 249.
Fischbddle 851.
Flacht 145.
Fladenstein 304.
Fleckenstein 804.
Fleckertshohe, the 118.
Fliessem 307.
Flomersheim 281.
Flonheim 286. 169.
Florsheim 241.
Flashing 63.
Fdhren 198.
FohrenbtLU 406.
Forbach (Baden) 397:
— (Lorraine) 174.
FSrmerich. the 209.
Fomich 76.
Foribach26.
Forst 289.
Fouday 333.
Fraipont, castle 3.
Francorchamps 13.
Frankenberg, the 13. 14.
Frankenburg 34a
Frankenstein (OdenwalcH
355.
— (Palatinate) 295.
Frankenthal 281.
Frankfort 223.
Academy 334.
Archiv-GebHade 230.
Art Union 338. 224.
Bethmann's Hasenm
235.
Boerne's Hon. 334.
Borse 234.
Brentano's Hon. 385.
Bridges 232.
Cathedral 329.
(3attle Market 336.
Cemeteries 234. 285.
Charlemagne's Statue
232
Ohristnskirche 385.
Conseryatorinm 235.
Dentsch-Ordenshaus
236.
Dom239.
Eschenheimer Turm
234.
Exchange 334.
French Befonned
Chnrch 336.
Filrsteneek, Haus 233.
Goldene Wage 329.
Gk>ethe House 327.
— Monument 236.
-« Museum 337.
— Platz 236.
Gutenberg's Monu-
ment 336.
Hessian Monument 235.
Hippodrome 340.
Hospitals 233. 340.
Judengasse 233.
Justitia Fountain 227.
Justiz-Palast 327.
Kaiser-Strasse 336.
Eatharinenkirche 236.
Law Courts 237.
Lessing's Bust 383.
Library 233.
Liebfrauenkirche 236.
Luther-Kirehe 335.
Magi, Church of the236.
Market 327. 236. ,
Mint 227.
Museum, Commercial
234.
— , Ethnological 227.
— , Historical 280.
— of Art and Ladustry
333.
Vicolaikirche 228.
Opera House 233.
Palm Garden 235.
Pflngstw^de 336.
Picture Gallery, Muni-
cipal 236.
PoUce Oface 336.
Frankfort :
PolytechnicSociety333.
Post Oface 336. 234.
Promenades 284.
Bailway Station 228.
236.
Record Oface 330.
Bententurm 239.
Bomer 338.
Rdmerberg 227.
Bossmarkt 226.
Rothschild House 333.
— Library 339.
Saalbau 333.
Saalhof 239.
Sachsenhausen 286.
St. Leonhard's Church
229.
St. Paul's Ch. 227.
St. Peter's Ct. 234.
Cemetery 234.
Schiller's Monument
236.
Schone Aussicht 282.
Schopenhauer's House
232.
— Monument 333.
Schatzenbrunnen 286.
Senckenberg Institu-
tion 284.
Slaughter House 286.
StadelArtInstitute286.
Synagogue 232.
Theatres 224. 236. 334.
Therapeutic Institute
240.
Thurn und Taxis, Pal.
of the Prince of 226.
Town Library 333.
Tuchgaden 339.
War Monument 234.
WUUamI.,Mon. 234.
Zeil 236.
Zoolog. Garden 236.
Frankisch-Crumbach263.
Frauenalb 393.
Frauenkirche 103.
Frauensteig-Felsen 418.
Frauenstein 136.
Freiburg 881.
Freienfels 231.
Freiersbach 403.
Freiheit 360.
Freinsheim 288.
Freiolsheim 365.
Frei-Weinheim 134. 141.
Fr^land 345.
Fremersberg, the 377.
Fremmersdorf 180.
Frenz 15.
Freseati 179.
Freudenstadt 413.
Friedberg 68. 345.
448
INDEX.
Friedenweiler 420.
Priedrichaddrf 346.
Friedrichsfeld 306.
FriedriehBhelm 428.
Friedrichihof 2k».
Friedrichsthal (Black
Forest) 396.
— (Nahe) 178.
Friedrich- Wilhelma -
Hiitte 66. 83.
Friesenberg 873.
Friesenhelm 880. 279.
Fr5hliGlie-Kannskopf
245.
Frohnschwand 435.
Froschweiler 29i.
Fracht 217.
Fuchshardt, the 97.
Fuchshofen lOS.
Fachstans 247.
Furfurl 231.
Farsata 421.
Fiirstenaa, SchloM 264.
Furstenberg, ruin 126.
•>, chateau 68.
Fiirsteneck 401.
Fiirstenlager, the 256.
Ftirth 262.
Furtwangen 414.
F&tzen 438.
Gadern 262.
Gademheim 260.
Gaggenau 895.
Gaimiihle 265.
Gaisbach 374. 401.
Gai8h5hle 879.
Gaisthal 892.
Galz, the 848.
Gambsheim 801.
Gans, the 168.
Ganiehald 106.
Garbenheim 222.
Gau-Algesheim 140.
Gaubiokelheim 286.
Gaugrehweiler 169.
Gaulsheim 132. 140.
Gaa-Odernheim 281.
Gausbach 397.
Gebweiler 352.
Gebweiler. Belchen 853.
Geea 205.
Geiersberg 201. 258.
Geiersburg, the 289.
Geilenkirchen 61.
Geilnau 219.
Geisbach-Tal 100.
Geisberg, the 97.
— (Alsace) 293.
— (Heidelberg) 278.
Geisenheim 183. 142.
Geisenkdpfchen 111.
Geisingen 410.
Geispolsheim 883.
Geldem 58.
Gemmerich 116.
Gemund 201.
Gemiinden 209.
Gemtlnder Maar 210.
Gengenbach 404.
Genslngen 286.
Georgenborn 163.
G^rardmer 351.
Gereuth 840.
Germersheim 800.
Gemsbach 896.
Gemsheim 260.
Geroldseck 322.
Gerolsau 374.
Gerolstein 126.
- (Kyllthal) 306.
Gerresheim 64.
Gersbach 484.
Gertelbach-Schlucht 393.
Gertweiler 386.
Geschwand 430. 438.
Gtovelsberg 86.
Gewenheim 865.
Gickelsburg 246.
Giersbeig 848.
Giessen b8.
Gillenfeld 210.
Gimmeldingen 289.
Girbaden, Schloas 833.
Gladbach, Bergisch 26.
— , Miinchen 61.
Glan 296.
GlashUtte 378. 421.
Glaswald-See, the 411.
Gleiberg, ruin 68.
Gleisweiler 292.
Glotterbad 8S1.
Glotter-Tal, the 881.
Goch 68.
Goddelan 250. 266.
Godesberg 80. 70.
— , castle 81.
Godramstein 301.
G«hl-Viaduct 13.
Goldstein 240.
Gollheim 287.
Gompelscheaer 368. 398.
Gondorf 191.
Gonsenheini 286.
Gorze 178.
Gossersweiler 806.
Gottenheim 388.
Gottesaue 364.
Gottmadingen 440.
Gottschlag-Tal, the 460.
Gouda 17.
Goutte 846.
Gozweiler 835.
Graach 200.
Graben-Neudorf 280. 357,
Grafeaberg 25.
Grafenberg, the 136.
Grafenhailsan 880. 438.
Grafenstaden 823.
Grafenwerth 70. 84.
Graanburg, the 200.
Graadfontaine 836.
Graofihal 818.
Graupenwerth 69.
Grau-Kheindorf 69.
Grauschlagfels 381.
Gravelotte 177.
GrSveneck 221.
Grefrath 62.
Greifenstdn 821. 67.
Grendelbruch 332.
Grenzach 486.
Grenzau 86.
Grenzhaasen 85.
Gresgener Hohe, the
481.
Gressenich 14.
Gressweiler 882.
Grevenbroich 15.
Grevenhausen 296.
Griesbach 403.
Griesheim 249. 256.
Griessen 48Su
Grimbach, the 874. 894.
Grimmelshofen 43S.
Groesbeck 60.
Gronau 26a
Grois-Bieberau 263.
Grossenbaum 20.
Grossgerau 261.
GrosB-Geroldseck 823.
Gross-Hettingen 190.
Gross-Karben 69.
Grosskdnigsdorf 16.
Grosslitgen 198.
Grossmann 834.
Gross-RohrheiiA 250.
Gross-Sachsen 268.
Gross-Umstadt 263.
Grotzingen 867.
Gruiten 64.
Grumbach 268. 296.
(Jrunem 389.
Grunhans 202.
Grilningen 409.
GriinsUdt 287.
Guckley 101.
Giils 191.
Gundersheim 287.
Gundershofen 817.
Gnndheim 282.
Giinsbach 849.
Guntersblum 281.
Giintersthal 888.
Gunzenbach'Tal 878.
Gastavsbnrg 240. 261.
GatMsh 406. 416.
Giitenbach 414.
Gutenfols, castle 124^
INDEX.
449
Outlentliof 298.
Gutrnftdingen 410.
Haagen 132.
Haan64.
Haanenbnrg, the 84.
Haardt 290.
— , Moantains 288.
Haardter H5fe , the 198.
Haberacker 319. 322.
Habonville 1T7.
Habsheim 828.
Hachenbnrg 220.
Hachimette 845.
Hadamar 220.
Hagelschlosfl 337.
Hagen 66.
Hagenau 294.
Hagenbach 300.
Hagendingen 190.
Hager Hof, the 84.
— Eoppelchen 84.
Hahn 144.
Hahnenberg, the 332. 340.
Hahnstatten 145.
Haicot 340.
Haiger 67.
Hainstadt 262.
Halberg, the 174.
Halbmeil 412.
Haldenhof 417.
HAldem 18.
Hallgarten 134.
Haltern 19.
Haltingen 390.
Hambach 172. 291. 320
Hammereisenbach 410.
Hammerstein (on the
Bhine) 75. 84.
— (Black Forest) 428.
Hanaa 262.
Handschuchsheim 258.
Hanselbcrg. the 133.
Hanweiler 317.
Hardt, the 209. 244.
Harff 15.
Harmersbach 406.
Harpolinger Schloss 437.
Hartenburg 289.
Hartenrod 67.
Hartwald, the 828.
Harxheim 287.
Basel 482.
Haselbach Waterfall 433.
Hasenbach Valley 121.
Hasenberg 102. 114.
Hasenburg 425.
— Valley 333.
Haslach 405.
Haspe 66.
Hassloch 290.
Hattenheim 134. 142
Hattersheiar 241;
Basoxkis's Bhine.
Hattingen 410.
Hatzenport 192.
Hanenstein 302.
Hauptstuhl 296.
Hausach 405.
Hansen (Palatinate) 289
— (Wiesenthal) 431.
— Torm Wald 420.
Hansern (Black Forest)
435.
— (near Egisheim) 326
Hautes Ghanmes 347.
Hayingen 190.
HebelshShe 431.
Hecklingen 380.
Heddemheim 240.
Heddesbach 261.
Heerdt 66.
Hegne 440.
Heidbnrg 405.
Heidelberg 265.
Heidenfeld 210.
Heidenkamm 84.
Heidenmauer, the (Diirk
heim) 289.
— (Odilienberg) 837.
Heidenstadt 318.
Heidesheim 141.
Heilbrunnen, the 104.
Heiligenberg, ch^t. 256.
—, hill 273. 295.
— (Vosges) 332.
Heiligenstein (Vosges)
337.
— (near Speyer) 800.
Heilig-Ereuz (chapel)
349.
— Stetnach 262.
Heimbaeh (Engers) 84.
— (Nahe) 172.
— (Boer) 15.
Heimburg, ruin 127.
Heimersheim 98.
Heissenstein 352.
Heisterbach 96 82.
Heisterbacherrott 82.
Heitersheim 389.
Helenabmnn 62.
HeUenthal 204.
Helmstadt 276.
Heltorf 20.
Hemingen 320.
Hemmersbach 15.
Hemmessen 99.
Hemsbach 267.
Hengebaeh 15.
Hennef 67.
Heppenheim 257.
Heppingen 96.
Hepschingen 431.
Herbesthal 3.
Herblingen 440.
Herbolzheim 860.
16th Bdit.
Herborn 67.
Herchen 67.
Herchenberg 105.
Herdorf 67.
Hergenrath 3. 18.
Hering 263.
Herlingen 174.
Herlisfaeim 326. 801.
Hermanns-Hiitte 78.
Hermeskeil 165. 172. 202.
Hemsheim 286.
Herrenalb 392.
Herrenberg 351.
Herrenschwand 433.
Herrenstein 318.
Herrenwies 894.
Herrischried 437.
Hersbach 332.
Herochbach 102.
Herschwiesen 118.
Herthen 436.
Herzberg 244.
Herzogenrath 61.
Herzogenhom, the 4!^.
Hessen 320.
Hessheim 279.
Hettenleidelheim 287.
Hetzbach 265.
Hetzerath 198.
Heubach 263.
Heuchelheim 292. 279.
Heukopf 392.
Hillesheim 204.
Hilpertsau 396.
Himmelreich, the (Black
Forest) 418.
— , — (Moselle) 200.
Himmerod 198.
Hinter-Langenbach 398.
Hinter-Seebach 399.
Hinter-Weidenthal 302.
Hinterzarten 419.
Hintschingen 410. 438.
Hirschberg, the 95.
Hirschhorn 276.
Hirschkopf 258.
Hirschlache, the 417.
Hirschsprung 418.
Hirzenach 120.
Hirzenstein 854.
Hochburg, ruin 381.
Hochdahl 64.
Hochenschwand 435«
Hochfeld 63.
— , the 339.
Hochfelden 319.
Hochflrst, the 420.
Hochheim 241. 287.
Hochkopf 403. 42). 433.
Hochsimmer. the 208.
Hochspeyer i70. 295.
Hochst (Odenwald) 263
— (Tftunns) 24t
aft
450
INDEX.
Hoohfltadt (Ddraigheim)
262.
— CBhen. P&l&t.) 301.
Hochstiitten 169. 259.
Hochfltatter-T»l 266.
HochsUnfen, the 424.
Hochwald, the 16.
Hochwart, the 419.
Hockenheim 280.
Hofeld 172.
Hofen 297.
Hofen 367.
Hoffnongfthal 26.
Hofheim 249. 255. 257.
Hofheimer Capelle 249.
Hofstetten 405.
Hof-Zollgrand 116.
Hoh-Barr 321.
Hohe Acht, the 102. 103.
Hohe Lei, the 218.
Hohe Mark, the 247.
Hohe Mohr, the 431.
Hohenbaden, castle 376
Hohenbnrg, the 304.
Hohenbusch 62.
Hoheneck, rain 127.
Hohen-Bgiflheim 326.
HohenfelA 209.
Hohengeroldseck 406.
Hohen-Honnef 83.
Hohenhdwen 410.
Hohenkrahen 410.
Hohenlnpfen 438.
Hohen-Bappoltatein 343.
Hohenroder Schloss 379.
Hohenstein 146. 260.
HohenstiUen 287.
Hohentwiel, the 440.
Hohe Warth 102.
Hohe Wurzel, the 163.
Hohe Zinken, the 423.
Hoh-Konigsburg 341.
Hohlandsburg 348.
Hohlenfels 146. 122.
Hohloh 358. 396.
Hohnack 348.
Hohneck 360.
Hohr 85.
Hohwald 338.
Hollenhaken, the 436.
Hollenpasa, the 419.
Hollental, the 417.
Hollrich 218.
Hdllsteig 4t9.
Holzhausen 122. 146.
Holsbeim 331.
Holsinfhaus 429.
Holslebrack 420.
Holzmaar, the 211.
HoUwald 411.
Holzwalder Hohe 403,
Homberg 62. 19.
3omburg, Baths 242.
Homborg (Palatinate) *
296.
Honnef 88.
Honnerath 205.
Honningen 75. 84. 102.
Hontheim 197.
Hoppstadten 172.
Horchheim 118. 141,
Hdrdt 294.
Hfirdten 895.
Horheim 438.
Horn (Ahr VaUey) 102.
Hornberg 406.
Hornberg, the 396.
Homiflgrinde, the 394.
Homle, the 427.
Hdmleberg 416. 435.
Homsee, the 896.
Horrem 15.
Horrweilec 286.
Hottingen 437.
Hnbacker 462.
Hub, Aof der 822.
Hiifingen HO. 420.
Hngstein 352.
Hngatetten 388.
Hiihnerberg, the 121.
Hdls 62.
Hummerich 103.
Hnnaweier 343.
Handlingen 317.
Hondsbach 894.
Hnndseck 394.
Hundskopf 403.
Hiiningen 328.
Hannenrinff, the 172.
Hunfpaeh laS.
Hunsrdck, the 165.
Huttenheim 367.
Hutten-Tal, the 169.
Hflttenbrunnen-Tal 290.
291.
Huttenheim 357.
HdttgeAwasen 172.
Hiittlngen 207.
Hutzenbach 398.
Ibach 402.
Iben 169.
Ibental, the 417.
Ichendorf 16.
Idar 172.
Idstein 249.
Igel 188.
Iggelheim 290.
Igney-Avricourt 820.
Igstadt 249.
Ihringen 88S.
Ilbeabeim 286.
lUenau 378.
Illfurt 828.
Illkirch 828.
Imlingen 320.
Immekeppel 26.
Immendingen 410.
Immeneich 436.
Imtweiler 169.
Ingelheim 140.
Ingelheimer Aue 187.
Ingenheim 292.
Ingersheim 844.
Ingweiler 318.
Inrath 62.
Insheim 292.
Irlich 77.
Isenach-Tal, the 289.
Isenburg (Alsace) 326.
— (Sayn Valley) 84.
Ifpringen 867.
Issel 198 202.
I80um 58.
Istein 890.
Ittenbach 96.
Jacobsberger Hof 117.
Jaeobsweiler 287.
Jagdhaus (Baden) 877.
Jacd8chlo8s(Hiederwald)
Jagerthal 304.
Jechtingen 881.
Jefuitenhof 69.
Jockgrim 300.
Johanniflberg, Dorf 138.
~, Schloss 183.
~ im Grand l84.
— (Uahe Valley) 171.
Josephshof 200.
Jouy-auz-ArcheB 179.
Jugenheim 256.
Jiilich or Juliers 15.
Jangholz 352.
Jiinkerath 204.
Kaferthal 250.
Kaferwaldkopf 899.
Kahle Wasen, the 349.
Kailbach 265.
Kaimt 199.
Kaiserberg, the 74.
Kaiserburg, ruin 346.
Kaiserseaeh 208. 15.
Eaiserslautern 2%.
Kaiserstuhl, the 380.
Kaisers werth 25.
Kaiser-Y^lhelm-Br&cke
64.
Kaldenkirchen 16.
Kalenberg 380.
Kalenborner H6he 101.
Kalhausen 318.
Kalk66.
Kalmit, the 291.
Kalscheuren 82. 203.
Kalsmunt, ruin 222.
Kaltenbach 302.
INDEX.
451
Kaltenborn 102.
Kftltenbronn 368. 396.
Kaltenengers 78.
Kaltenherberg 414.
KaminerbergerMulilel26.
Kammerforst 183.
Kandel, the 416. 417.
Kandern 128.
Kapellen 292.
Eappel 380. 420.
Kappelbronn 334.
Kappele, the 392.
Eappelex^Tal 399. 417.
Kappelrodeck 399.
Kappelwindeck 393.
Kapsweyer 292.
£ar]8berg 296.
Karlsdorf 357.
Karlsruhe 8&8.
Karlsspmng 321.
Earthaas 182. 188. 189.
Karthause, the 111.
K&saeker m.
Kasbach 74.
Kastel 241. 251.
Kastelbnrg, ruin 416.
Katz, the, ruin 121.
Katsenbach 264.
Eatzenberg 334.
Katzenbuckel, the 275.
Eatzenelnbogen 122.
Eatzenstein, the 883.
Eatzenthal 844.
Eautenbach 200.
Eauzenberg, the 167.
Eaysersberg 845.
Eehl 379.
Eelbexg 108.
Kelduattel, ihe Hohe 429.
Eellerskopf, the 163.
Eelflterbach 240.
Eemel 145.
Eemmenauer Hohe 217.
Eempen 67. 61.
Eempenich 105.
Eempten 132. 286.
Eennfas 197.
Eenzingen 880.
Eerpen 204.
Eesaelheim 79.
Keweling 103.
Eesaenich 91.
Eesten 201.
Eestenholz 889.
Kestert 143.
Eettenheim 287.
Eeuchingoi 181.
Eevelaer 68.
Eiedrieh 186.
Eienberg 413.
Eienzhehn 345.
Eierberg 208.
EIndel §00.
Einderbeuren 198.
Eindsbach 296.
Einheim 200.
Einzheim 340.
Eippenheim 380.
Eirchberg 366.
Eirehbrombach 263.
Eirchheim (Alsace) 830.
— an der Eck 288.
— (near Heidelberg) 366.
Eirchheimboland^n 286.
Eirchlei 200.
Eirchweiler 206.
Eirchzarten 417.
Eirmudscheid 205.
Elm 171.
Eimach 408.
Eimbach 410.
Eimeck 409.
Rimeck-Tal, the 386.
Eimreiler 291.
Eirsch 202.
Eirichhausen 261. ,
Eislan 866.
Elans, the 181.
Klanse, the 134.
Elein-Amsberg 304.
Elein-Anheim 262.
Elein-Basel 390.
Elein-Blittersdorf 817.
Eleinenbroich 62.
Eleingeran 261.
Elein-Geroldseek 822.
Eleinheubach 264.
Eleinkems 890.
Eleinsteinbach 357.
Klein-Umstadt 268.
Elein-WiDgen 304.
Elengen 409.
Elimbach 804. •
Elingen 292.
Elingenmiinster 292.
Elingenthal 336.
Elinzkopf 849.
Elopp, castle 180.
Kldsterle, the 411.
Elosterrath 61.
Elo8ter-Reichenbach898.
Enechtsteden, abbey 66.
Eniebis 403. 404.
Enielingen 866.
Enoden 260.
Enoringen 291.
Eoehem 174.
Eockelsberg 188.
Eogenheim 323.
Eohlhof, the 278.
Eohlscheidt 61.
EoUmarsreuthe 381.
EoUnan 416.
Eolmbach 260.
Edln 26.
Eondelwald 198.
Edndringen 381.
Eonig 2^.
— , the 196.
Eonigsbach (near Diirk-
heim) 289.
— (near Durlach) 357.
E5nlg8berg, the 295.
Efinigsdorf 16.
Ednigsfeld 406.
ESnlgshofen 323.
Eonigsmachem 190.
Eonigstein (Tannus) 246.
ESnigstnhl (near Hei-
delberg) 273.
— (near Bhens) 115.
ESnigswinter 92. 70. 82.
Eorb 220.
Eorbmattfelsen 377.
Eork 379.
Eorretsberg, the 103.
Eostheim 240. 251.
Eovenich 199.
ESwerich 202.
Erahenbad 412.
Erahnenberg, the 77.
Eranicbstein 265.
Erappenfels 801. 822. 347.
Erehberg, the 261.
Ereidaeh 261.
Ereus 840.
Ereuzau 16.
Erenzberg (Ahr) 102.
— (near Bonn) 90.
— (near Bopjpi^rd) 118.
Erenznach l65.
Eriftel 249.
Eripp 74.
Eronweiler 172.
Eropsbnrg, the 291.
Erotzingen 390.
Eruft 103.
Erufler Ofen, the 103.
Erumbaeh 262.
Eriit 366.
Eiidinghofen 82.
Eiihkopf, the 111.
Euhr m.
Euppenheim 396.
Eiippersteg 26.
Eurzenhansen 294.
Ensel 296.
Eiissenberg 438.
Eatt 406.
Entteraa 485.
Eybfelsen, the 388.
Eyll, the 204. 206. 207.
Eyllburg 206.
Eyrbnrg, min 171.
laach, Abbey of 105.
— (Ahr Valley) 101.
Laacher Eopf, the 105.
Laacher See, the 106.
29*
452
nrDEX.
Labroque 882.
Lac Bl&nc, the 347.
— Koir, the 347.
Ladenborg 268.
Lahneck 116.
Lahr 380.
Lunbrecht 296.
Lambsheim 281.
Lammersdorf 13.
Lampertheim 260.
Lampertsmiihle 296.
Landau 281.
L«ndeck 292. 881.
Landen 2.
Landeibach 349.
Laadkern 206.
Landorf 820.
Landaberg 169. 337.
Landshut (Moselle) 201.
Landskron (Palat.) 281.
— , (Ahr Valley) 98.
Landatuhl 296.
Landwasser 401.
Langenaa, Buk 218.
Langenberg 382.
Langenbrand S97.
Langenbriickea 866.
Langenfeld 26.
Langenkan4el 866.
Langenlonsheim 166.
Langenordrach-Thal 416.
Langen-Schwalbach 144.
Langenthal 261.
Langerwehe 14.
Langgons 68.
LangmeU 287. 168.
Langstadt 263.
Langsur 189.
Lasserg 192.
Lattern 848.
Laabach 208.
Laubbach 111.
Laubenheim (near
Mayence) 280.
— (Kaheil65.
Laubus !221.
Laudenbach 267.
Lauf 378.
Laufen, Schlosa 439.
Lanfenbacher Hof 102.
Laufenburg 437.
Lanfer Schloss 378.
Laukenmiihle, the 126.
Laumersheim 279.
Laurenburg 218.
L^utenbach 401.
Lautenbach-Zell 362.
Lauter, the 292. 30a
Lauterbach 412.
Lan^recken 286*
Lanterbnrg 300.
Lauterfingen 820.
Lantern 260.
Lay 191.
Leberau 340.
Leber-Tal. the 340.
Leeheim m
Legelahurtt 379.
Lehengericht. the Vor-
dere and Hintere 412.
Lehmen 192.
Leiberg 8).
Leichlingen 64.
Leichtweisshohle 162.
Leimbach 103.
Leimen 366.
Leiningen 287. 819.
Leinsweiler 301.
Leiwen 202.
Lembach 304.
Lemberg 317.
Lemberg, the 169. 170.
Lengfeld 263.
Leniaberg 141. 166. 28S.
Lenneberg 166. 286.
Lennep 64.
Lenzkirch 424.
Leopolds-Canal, the.
Leopoldshdhe, the (near
Baden) m^.
— (near Bale) 390.
Letterstatter HOhe 411,
Leubsdorf 76. 84.
Leudersdorf 204.
Leutershausen 268.
Leutesdorf 76. 84.
Liblar 206. 16.
Lichtenberg 818.
Lichtenegg, ruin 380.
Lichtenthal 378.
Liebeneck 116.
Liebenstein 119.
Liedberg 61.
Li^ge 3.
Li^pvre 340.
Liers 102.
Lieser 198. 901.
Lilienthal 830.
Limburg (Nassau) 219.
— (Belgium) 3.
— (KaiaerstulU) 381.
— Abbey 288.
Limersheim 828.
LindelbruniiAr Schloss
303.
Lindenbaeh 216.
Lindenberg 417.
Lindenfels 261.
Lindem 61.
Lingenfeld 300.
Lingolsheim 831.
Linn 62.
Linz 74. 84.
Linzhausen 74.
Lissendorf 204.
Lissingen 206.
Littenweiler 417. -
Litielr6der 260.
Litzig 199.
Lobloch 289.
Lobsann 293.
Locherberg 402.
Lochmiihle 101. 246.
Loef 192.
Loffel-Tal. the 419.
Loffenau 883.
Ldffingen 420.
Logelbaoh 344. 348.
Lohnberg 221.
Lohrberg. the 96. 98.
Lohrsdorf 98.
Longemer 361.
Longen 202.
Longerich 56.
Longeyille 176.
Longkamp 200.
Longwich 202.
Lonnig 191.
Lorch 126. 142.
Lorchhausen 126.
Ldrchingen 820i
Lorelei- 123.
Lorrach 432.
Lorsbach 249.
Lorsch 267.
Ldrsoh 202.
Ldrzenbach 262.
Losenich 200.
Lossburg-Bodt 412.
Louisa 251.
Louisenthal 180.
Lousberg. the 12.
Louvain 2.
Ldvenich 16.
Lowenbuvg, the 97.
tudwigshafen 279. 282.
Ludwigshohe 261.
— , Villa 291.
I^ng 303.
Ltllsdorf 69.
Lnndenbdhl, the d6a
Lurlei, the m 121.
LnsUdt cOl.
Lnttenbach 849.
Lutterbach 826. 363.
Liittich 8.
Liittelbach 268. 84S.
Liitzelbure 920.
— , rain m. 836.
Liittelhardt 904.
Liitzelhausen QSSt.
L<itzels«c)isen 268.
Ltttzelstein 818^
Lutserath 197.
Luxembourg 189. 190.
Kaarsbergen 17.
Vaastricht 63.
Ilachern 200.
INDEX.
453
Madenbnrg, the 302.
Magdeberg, the 410.
Mahlberg 380.
Maifeld, the 206. 192.
Haikammer 291.
Hainan, island 441.
Mainknr 262.
Mainz 164.
tfaiweiler 174.
Maizi^es 190.
Malanconrt 1T7.
Malberg, the (Ems) 216.
—, ch&tean 907.
Ifalbergskopf 75.
Malchen, the 256.
MaUendar 79.
Mallingen 190.
Halmaison 177.
Malmedy 13.
Malsch 856. 365.
Malschbach 374.
Mambach 431.
Mammolshain 247.
Manderscheid 211.
Mannelstein 337.
Mannheim 276.
Mannweiler 169.
Manubach 126.
Marbach (Alsace) 826.
— (Black Forest) 409.
Harcobrnnnen 185.
Margarethenhof 95.
Maria-Wald 15.
Marienbanm 60.
Marienberg 118. 220.
Marienborn 286.
Marienburg, ruin 196.
— Bayenthal 69.
Marienfels 72. 115.
Marienstatt 220.
Mariental, monast. (Al-
sace) 294.
— (Ahr Valley) 100.
— (Palatinate) 287.
Marine 198.
Markelflngen 440.
Markirch 340.
Markolsheim 816.
Marksburg 116.
Marlborongh, ruin 190.
Marlenheim 380.
Marmontier 830.
Mamheim 287.
Kars-la-Tour 178.
Martinshof 20O.
Martinstein 170.
Marxeell 892.
Marsell 428.
Masbnrg 206.
Masmiinster 365.
Massevaox 355.
Mastricht, see Maastricht.
Matrelle 846.
Matzenbach 296.
Matzenheim 823.
Mauer 276.
Maolbnrg 432.
Maursmiinster 330.
Maus, ruin 120.
Mauseberg, the 210.
Maxau 365.
Mazburg, the 291.
Maximiliansau 365.
Mayen 208.
Mayence 154.
Mayschoss 101.
Mechemich 206.
Meckenheim 208.
Meckesheim 276.
Medard 296.
Meerfeld 212.
Mehlem 70. 80.
MehUskopf 394.
Mehren I^IO.
MehrhOOg 18.
Mehring 202.
Meiderich 19.
Meisenheim 296.
Meissenheim 379.
Melibocus, the 256.
Melkereikopf. the 395
Menchhofen 318.
Mennelstein, the 837.
Mensberg, castle 190.
Mencelen 60.
Menzenberg, the 84.
Menzenschwand 434.
Menzenschwander Hfltte
423.
Merenberg 221.
Merkuriusberg, the 376.
Merl 199.
Merode 15.
Merten, monast. 67.
Mertesheim 287.
Mertert 189.
Merxheim ^.
Merzhansen 387.
Merzig 180.
Merzweiler 316.
Mesenich 194.
Mettenheim 281.
Mettlach 180.
Metz 174.
Metzeral 351.
Michaelscapelle (near
Durlach) 367.
— (near Zabem) 321.
Michaels-Lei 200.
Michelsberg 203.
Michelstadt 263.
Miehlen 116.
Miellen 217.
Mietesheim 317.
Milspe 66.
Miltenberg 264.
Minderberg, ihe 74.
Mingolsheim 866.
Minheim 202.
Minneburg 276.
Mittelbergheim 338.
Mittelheim 134. 142.
Mittelthal 396.
Mittelzell 440.
Mittershausen 261.
Molkenkur, the 272.
Molsheim 831.
Mombach 141.
Mommenheim 318.
Moncel 320.
Monchsberg, the 949.
Monchweiler 292.
Mondorf 69. 190.
Monreal 208.
Monrepos 78.
Monsheim 2B7.
Montabaur 220.
Montobec, the 350.
Montclair 181.
Montfort, ch&tean 169.
Montigny-la-Grange 177.
Montjoie 13.
Montois-la-Montagne 187.
Montreux-Vieux 828.
Montroyal 199.
Montzen 13.
Monvaux 176.
Monzel 201.
Monzelfeld 201.
Monzingen 170.
Moosbrunn 365.
Moosch 364.
Moostnrm 404.
Morchingen 320.
Morel 3^.
Moresnet 13.
Morfelden 260.
Morgenbach-Tal 127.
Mdrlenbach 261.
Mors 60.
Morsbronn 293.
Morschheim 286.
Mortnau, the 379.
Mosbach (Biebrich) 136.
143.
Moscou 177.
Moselkem 192.
Moselle, the 190. etc.
Moselweis 191.
Mosenberg. the 212.
Mothem 301.
Moulins-les-Metz 176.
Mouse, the, ruin 120.
Mouse Tower 129.
Moyland, chat. 60.
Muchenland 423.
Muden 193.
Muggenbrunn 418.
Muggensturm 365.
454
INDEX.
Muhlbach 349.
Hiihlburg 365.
Mikhlhaasen 410.
Miihlheim (Moselle) 201,
MtLhlhofen 78. 292.
Mfllben 264.
Miilhausen 327.
Miilheim am Bhein 26.
— an der Bohr 63.
Miillenbach (Baden) 377,
— (nearHajen) 208.
Miillenbild 377.
Hullheim 389.
Humling 263.
Mummelsee, the 394. 399.
Munchen-OIadbach 61.
HuDchweier 296. 380.1
Munchweiler 169. 287.
302.
Mandolsheim 318.
Miingsten 64.
Munsbach 189.
Miinster (Beichenau) 440.
— (Alsace) 349.
— (Taunus) 246.
Miinster am St^n 167. 169.
Mitnstereifel 203.
Munster-Maifeld 192.
Miinstertal (Vosges) 347.
— (Black Forest) 430.
Munter Ley 205.
Miinz, the 302.
Miinzenberg. ruin 63.
Murbach 362.
Murg 43T.
Murlenbach 206.
Miisch 102.
Mussbach 289.
Miistert 202.
Mutterslehen 435.
Mutterstadt 289.
Mutzig 332.
Matzigfels 334.
Nackenheim^80.
Nah-BoUenbach 171.
Nambom 172.
Kamedy 76.
Nancy 179. 320.
Napoleonsinsel 323.
Narion-Fels 334.
Nassau 217.
— , castle of 217.
Nastatten 122. 141.
Natzweiler 333.
Nauheim 68.
Nebiog 320.
Neckarbischofsheim 276,
Neckarelz 276.
Neckargemiind 274.
Neckargerach 275.
Neckarhausen 276.
Neckarsteinach 274.
Neef 195.
Neerwinden 2.
Nehren 196.
Neidenf6ls, ruin 295.
Neidenstein 276.
Neitersen 220.
Nellenkopf 112.
Nennig 189.
Neroberg, the 152.
Nerotal 152.
Nerother Kopf 206. 209.
Nessellache, the 418.
Nessonvaux 3.
Nette, the 79. 103.
Nettersheim 204.
Neublankenheim 204.
Neu-Breisach 389.
Nenbrucke 172.
Neuburg 300.
— , abbey 274.
— the (Neckarelz) 276.
Neudingen 410.
Neudorf 112. 143. 379.
Neu-Eberstein 396.
Neuenahr 99.
Neuenburg 328.
Neuenbtirg 357.
Neuendorf 79.
Neuenfels 425.
Neuenhain 248.
Neuenheim 273.
Neuenhowen 410.
Neuenweg 429.
Neuhausel 113.
Neuhausen 438.
Neuhemsbach 287. 169.
Neuhof 418. 430.
Neu-Katzenelnbogen 121.
Neulussheim 280.
Neumagen 202.
Neumiihl (Alsace) 322.
Neumilhle, the 212.
Neun-Aussichten 256.
Neunkirch 438.
Neunkirchen (Nahe Val-
ley) 173. 297.
— (Eifel) 206.
— (Heller Valley) 67.
— (Odenwald) 260.
Neunkircher Hohe 260.
Neuntenstein 339.
Neu-Saarwerden 320.
Neu-Scheuern 320.
Neuss 56. 62.
Neustadt an der Haardt
290. 294.
— an der Miimling 263.
— (Black Forest) 420.
Neuweier 378.
Neuweiler 318.
Neu-Weilnau 245. 250.
Neuwied 77. 84.
Neu-Windeck 378.
Keuwolfakeln 295.
Nlcolaus-I,ei 200.
Nideck 334. 331.
Nideggen 15.
Nieder-Adenau 103.
Niederberg 113.
Niederbettingen 204.
Niederbiber 78.
NiederboUen 429.
Nlederbrechen 250.
Niedei^Breisig 75. 84.
Niederbronn 317.
Niederbruck 356.
Niederburg, ttie (Cobern)
191.
— (Biidesheim) 132.
— (Oberwesel) 121.
Nieder-DoUendorf 82.
Nieder-Dresselndorf 67.
Niederehe 204.
Niederemmel 202.
Nieder-Emst 194.
NiederfeU 192.
Niederflorshelm 287.
Nieder^Hammersteln 75.
Nieder-Harmersbach 405.
Nieder-Haslach 333.
Niederhausen 170.
Nieder-Heimbach 127.
140.
Nieder-Hochstadt 245.
Niederhorbach 292.
Niederhovels 67.
Nieder-Ingelheim 140.
Nieder-Kainsbaeh 263.
Nieder-Kestert 119.
Niederlahnstein 113. 141.
Niederlauterbach 293.
Niederlinxweiler 172.
Nieder-Liitzingen 105.
Nieder-Manderscheid 211.
Niedermendigl04. 208.
Niedermohr 296.
Nieder-Morschweicr 344.
Niedermiihle 436.
Niedermunster 337.
Niedemhausen 2^.
Nieder-Olm 286.
Nieder-Otrott 336.
Kiederrad 240.
Nieder-B^amstadt 263.
Nieder-Sanlheim 286.
Nieder-Schopfheim 380.
Nieder-3chw5r8tadt 436.
Niederselters 250.
Niederspay 116. 142.
Niederwald, the 137.
Niederwalluf 136. 143.
Niederwasser 406.
Niederweiler 426.
Niederwerth 79.
Niederwinden 416.
Niedei^Wolldtadt 69.
INDEX.
455
Nieder-Zissen 100.
Niep 6^
Kierstein 280.
l^ieukerk 68.
Nievern 217.
Nimburg 380.
Kippenbnrg 412«
Nippea 56.
Kitting 320.
Nohen 172.
Nohfelden 173.
Kolflseville 178.
Noil, the 334.
Nollich 126.
Nonnenstrombergfthe 96.
Nonnenwerth 70. 80. 84.
Nonnweiler 172.
Konrod 260.
Nord-Ganal, the 62.
Nordrach 403.
Norf 56.
Nothberg 14.
Nothgottes 132.
Kothhaiuen 78.
Notre Dame deB Trois
Epifl 348.
Notschrei, Am 418. 423.
Kouilly 178.
NoT^ant 179.
Novland 198.
Nttrburg, the 103. 206.
Kassbach 408.
KuMloch 356.
Nymwegen 16. 60.
Ober-Absteinaeh 262.
Oberachern 399.
Ober-Aha 423.
Oberbeuem 374.
Oberbiber 78.
Oberbdllen 429.
Oberbrechen 250.
Oberbrack 356.
Oberburg, tower 132.
Obercaasel (near Duasfel
dorf)56.
Ober-DoUendorf 82.
Ober-Ehnheim 335.
~ Emmel 181.
— Ernst 194.
Oberfell 192.
Oberh^oBbach 391.
Oberhammer 820.
Ober-Hammerstein 75.81.
— Harmersbach 405.
Oberhaalach 338.
Oberhausen (near Dais-
burg) 19.
— (near Bergsabem) 292.
Oberhof 318.
Oberhombnrg 174.
Obei^Ingelheim 140.
OberksU 213.
Oberkassel (near Bonn)
70,82.
Oberkirch 401. 400.
Ober-KrShlipgen 102.
Oberlahnstein 114. 141.
Oberlauchringen 488.
Oberlentkirch 424.
Ober-LiLtzingen 1(^.
Ober-Maabach 15.
Obermendig 106.
Obermodem 318.
Obemai 335.
Obemeisen 145.
Obernhof 218.
Ober-Otrott 336.
Ober-Kattig 393.
Ober-Prechthal 417.
Ober-Rionstadt 263.
Oberried 417.
Oberschaffbansen 380.
Ober>8chlettenbach 303.
Ober-Simonswald 415.
Ober8payll6. 142.
Oberstein 171.
Ober-Steinbach 304.
Obersnlz 851.
Oberthal 393. 378. 398-
Obertsroth 396.
Obertiaiingen 432.
Obemrsel 242.
Oberweiler 425.
Oberwerth 113.
Oberwesel 123. 140.
Oberwinden 416.
Oberwlnter 72. 80. 81.
Oberwolfach 411.
Obersell 440.
Ober-Zissen 105.
Oberzwieselberg 411.
Obrigbeim 275.
Ochaenkopf, Hohe 394.
Ochsenstein 822.
Ockenfels 74.
Odenbach 296.
Odendorf 208.
Odenwald, the 258.
Oderen 355.
Odernheim 297.
Odilienberg, the 336. 337.
Oedsbach 401.
Ocdt 62.
Oeflingen 432.
Oelberg, the Great 95.
Oermlngen 318.
Oestrich 134. 142.
Oetringen 189.
OffenbaQh am Glan 296.
Offenburg 379.
Offenthaler Hof 122.
Offstein 283.
Ofteringen 438.
Oggersheim 281.
Ohiigs 64.
Ohligsberg, the 201.
Olbriick, castle 106.
Olef 204.
Oo8 366. 378.
Opladen 63.
Oppau 279.
Oppenau 402.
Oppenheim 280.
Oppnm 57. 62.
Oranienstein 219.
Orbey 346.
Orensberg 292. 301.
Orschweier 380.
Orsoy 19.
Ortenau, the 379.
Ortenberg (Black Forest)
404.
, Schloss 336.
Osteinfels 354.
Osterath 57.
Osterspay 116. 142.
Ostheim 324.
Osthofen 281.
Ottenheim 379.
Ottenhofen 399.
Otterberg 295.
Ottersweier 378.
Ottersweiler 330.
Ottmarsheim 328.
Ottweiler 172. 319.
Otzberg 263.
Otzcnhausen 172.
Pagny 179.
Palenberg 61.
Pairis, abbey 346.
Pallien 188. 198.
Palzem 189.
Pstpenkaul, the 205.
Patersberg 121.
Pechelbronn 293.
Pelage, the 339.
Pelagius-Platz 245.
Pellenz 206.
Pelm 205. 209.
Peltre 174.
Pepinster 3.
Perl 189.
Perlkopf 105.
Peternit 352.
Peters-An 137.
Petersberg, the (Seven
Mts.) 97.
— (Moselle) 195.
— CnearGau-Odernheim)
281.
Peterspay 116.
Petersthal 403.
Peterzell 408.
Petite-Croix 328.
Pfaffendorf 113. 141.
Pfahlgraben, the 76. 244.
Pfalz, the 124.
456
INDEX.
Pfalsborg 321.
Pfalsdorf Se.
Pfalsel 196. 203. 207.
PfalBgrafenstein 124.
Pfeddersheim 28T.
PflffliEbeim 287.
Pfirt 828.
Pfohren 410.
Pforzheim 867.
PfangsUdt 266.
Philippsbnrg (Alsace)
317.
— (Baden) 867.
PhiUppsheim 207.
Philipparahe 262.
PhUippstein 221.
Pirmaaens 302.
Pisport 202.
Plaidt 103.
Plankstadt 276.
Platte, the 162. 146.
Platten 198.
Plattenhof 416.
Plattig, the 393.
Plittersdorf 7U.
Point du Jour 177.
Polich 202.
Poltersdorf 194.
Pommem 198.
Poppelfldorf 90.
Porz 66. 69.
Posthalde 418.
PouUy 833.
Poutroye, La 846.
Praest 18.
Prag483.
Prechtal, the 417.
Prenssiflch-Uedem 68.
Primsweiler 180.
Prinzenkopf 196. 199.
Priim 205.
Puberg 318.
Paderbach 220.
Pulvermaar, the 210.
Piinderich 197. 199.
Pfitzfeld 102.
Pyrmont, castle 193.
aaadrath 16.
Queich, the 296. 301.
Quiddelbach 103.
Quint, the 198. 202. 207.
Quirscheid 173.
Rabenlei. the 82.
Rachttg 200.
Badolfzell UO.
Raeren 13.
Ramberg 290.
Bamersdorf 70.
Ramschied 127.
Ramstein 207. 296. 412.
Randeck, ruin 169.
RAnsbacli 86. 801.
Rappenfels 821. 406.
Rappoltsweiler 342. 334.
Rasselstein 78.
Rastatt 866.
Rathsamhausen 886.
Rath8amhan8en«Stein
832. 838.
Ranbach 290.
Rauenthal 143.
Raambach 297.
Raomunzach 397.
Raunheina 240.
Raoschermuhle, tlve 106«
Ravenna-Tal, the 419.
Reden 178.
Rees 18.
Rehberg, the 801.
Rehborn 297.
Rehweiler 296.
Reichartflhansen 134.
Reichelsheim 268.
Reichenan, island 440.
Reichenbach (Odenwald)
260.
— (Murgtal) 398.
— (Schuttertal) 380.
— (near Rippoldsan) 412.
Reichenberg (Rhine) 122.
— (Odenwald) 263.
Reichenstein (Keckwr)
274.
- (Rhine) 127.
— (Roer Valley) 13.
Reichental 896.
Reichenweier 344.
Reichersbei^ 190.
Reichshofen 817.
Reichfwald 69. 60.
Reifenberg, ruin 84.
Reifferscheid, rain 204.
Reil 197. 199.
Reilkirch 199.
Reimerzhofen 101.
Reinerzau 412.
Reinhardslnst 197.
Reinhartshansen 186.
Reinheim 263.
Reinkopf 866.
Reinsport 202.
Reisberg, the 347.
Reiselflngen 420.
Reisenbach 264.
Reissen 261.
Remagen 72. 60. 84.
Remich 189.
Remilly 174. 820.
Remomont 346.
Remscheid 64.
Remstecken 111. 191.
Renchen 379.
Rengen 209.
Rengsdorf 78.
Reach 908.
Retonmemer 861.
Reuschenberg 26.
Rezonville 178.
Rheinau 280.
— , island 136.
— , hydrop. 78.
Rheinbach 203.
Rheinberg 60.
RheinboUen 166.
Rheinbreitbach 72. 84.
Rheinbrohl 76. 84.
Rheindiebach 126.
Rheineck 76. 84. 106.
Rheinfelden 436.
Rheinfels 120.
Rheingan. the 132.
Rheingonneim 2I&9.
Rheingrafenstein 168.
Rheinhansen 63. 60.
Rheinkopf 356.
Rheinsheim 367.
Rheinstein 127.
RheinweUer 390.
Rheinzabem 300.
Rhens 116. 140.
Rheydt 61.
Rhine, Falls of the 439.
— Kame Canal 319.
Rhodt 291.
RhSndorf 83. 70.
RibesnTilH 342.
Richterich 61.
Rickelshausen 440.
Rieding 320.
Rieddschingen 488.
Riedsels 2^.
Riegel 380. 393.
Riehen 482.
Riesensaule, the 269.
Rietburg, the 291.
Rilchingen 317.
Rimbach (Alsace) 356.
— (Hesse) 262.
Riinbnrg 61.
Rimmerich, the 206.
Ringelbach 401.
Ringsheim 380.
Rinken, the 421. 422.
Rinnthal 302.
Riol 202.
Rippburg, the 291.
Rippoldsau 411.
Rissbach 200.
Risswasen 892.
Rittershaosen 64.
Rittersturz, the 111.
Rixheim 828.
Rizingen 320.
Rochenbach 420.
Rochnsberg 130.
Rochus-Capelle. the ISO.
Rockenhausen 169.
INDEX.
457
Bodalben (Palatinate)
302.
— (Lorraine) 320.
Bodeck 399.
Bodelheck, the 197.
Bodelheim 242. 245.
Bodenstein; ruin 263.
Boderberg 72.
Boetgen 13.
Bohmatt 431.
Bohnstadt 221.
Bohrbach 292. 317.
Bohrhardtsberg 408.
Boisdorf 81.
Boland Arcb 71.
Bolandfleck 71. 80.
Boldac 61.
BomanBweiler 330.
BQmersberg, the 210.
Bommersdorf 70. 84. 97.
— , abbey 84.
Boncoort 178.
Bonheide 18.
Bonadorf 64. 66.
Boodt 189.
BoachwoQg 801.
Bosenau, Mt. 96.
Bosenburg, the 91.
Bosengartea 286.
Bosenhohe 254.
Bosental, cony. 193. 288.
Bosheim 885.
Bdsrath!^.
Bossberg 864.
Bossbiihl, the 398. 403.
Bossel, the 189.
Boasert, the 249.
Bosskopf, the 387.
Bo888tein, the 122. 142.
Bote Erde 13. U.
Botenbaoh 357.
Bdtenbach 406. 420.
Botenbachkopf 351.
Botenfela (Black Forcflt)
396
->, the (Nahe) 169.
Botenkreuz 423.
Bote SehUflkopf 400.
Both 856.
Bothau 333.
Bothaas 424. 436.
BothweU 381.
Botlach 338.
Bdtteln, Schloss 432.
Botterdam 16.
BottlerweUer 432.
Boserieulles 177.
Biidesheim 131. 142.
Biidesheimer fierg 128.
Bufach 326.
Bufenhdtte 421.
Bnhrberff 15.
Buhrort 19.
Buhsteln, the 395.
Billzheim 800.
Bumbach 304.
Bumbach-Tal, the 340.
Biimmingen 428.
Bumpenheim 262.
Biingsdorf 70.
Bunkel 221.
Buppertsberg 412.
Buppertahain 247.
Bdppur 892.
Buss 832.
Biisselsheim 240.
Ruwer 202.
Saalburg, the 244.
SaalesSdS.
Saalhof 75.
Saar-Alben 319. 320.
Saaraltdorf 320.
Saarbriicken 173.
Saarbnrg (Alsace) 320.
— (Prussia) 181.
Saargemiind 817.
Saarlouis 180.
Saar-Union 320.
Saarwerden 820.
Saehsenhausen 236.
Sackingen 436.
Sagendobel 388. 417.
Saffenburg, the 101.
Saig 419.
8t. Ail irr.
— Amarin 354.
— Anna 352.
— Amual 174.
^ Avoid 174.
Blaise 333.
— Blasien 434.
' Chrischona 432.
— Genovefa, church 103.
— Georgen 408. 389.
— Gilgen 349.
— Qoar 120. 140.
— Goarshausen 121. 142.
Hubert 177. 62.
— Ilgen 356.
— Ingbert 308.
• Johann Saarbriicken
178.
(near Zabem)321.
(near Mayen) 208.
— Ludwig 328.
— Margen 418.
— Martin 291.
— Matthias 191.
— Moritz 340.
— Nabor 386.
Ottilien 387.
— Peter 417.
— PhUip 340.
— put fe3.
— Privat 178.
St. Quirin 320.
— Sebastian 78.
— Thomas, lun. asylum
79.
, monast. 206.
— Tonis 62.
— Trudpert 430.
— Vith 13. 206.
— Vitus, Grotto of 321.
— Wendel 172.
— Wilhelmer Hutte 422.
— Wilhelmstal 422.
Ste. Croix-aux-Mines340.
— Marie-aux-ChSnesl77.
aux-Mincs 340.
Salm, castle 333.
Salmbaeh 293.
Salmrobr 198. 204.
Salzig 119. 140.
Sand 398.
Sandau, island 135.
Sarmsheim 165.
SamstaU 303.
Sasbach 378. 381.
Sasbachwalden 379.
Satzvey 208.
Sauerburg, castle 127.
Sauersberg. the 373.
Saulxures 833.
Saurenberg, the 93.
Sausenburg 428.
Saverne 318.
8ayn 84.
Schadeck, the 274.
Schaerbeek 2.
Schaferhof 322.
8chaferplacken 168.
Schaferplats 322.
Schaffhausen 439.
Schaidt 292.
Schalkenmebrer Maar
210.
Schallerberg, the 97.
Schallstadt 389. .
Schapbach 410.
Schanzel, the 342.
Scharfenberg, ruin 302.
Schlarfeneck, ruin 292.
Scharfenstein (Black
Forest) 430.
(Nassau) 136.
Scharlachkopf, the 130.
Scharrachbergheim 330.
Scharteberg. the 206.
Scharzhof I&l.
Schauenburg 258. 401.
Schau-ins-Land 388.
Schaumberg 172.
Schaumburg 219.
Scheffelsee 437.
Scheibenhard 293.
Scheid 219.
Schellkopf 105.
458
INDEX.
Schenkenzell 413.
Scherhol 293.
Scherweiler 336.
Scheuern 396.
Schierstein 136. 143.
Schifferstadt 2e0. 297.
Schiffweiler 173.
Schiltach a2.
Schilteck 412.
Sehimmelbere 261.
Schindhardt 303.
Schirmeck 332.
Schladern 67.
Schliiferskopf, the 153.
Schlangenbad 148.
Schlebusch 63.
Schlechtnau 430.
Schleich 202.
Schleiden 204.
ScUeifmuhle 173.
Schleithal 293.
Schleitheim 438.
Seblenderhahn 16.
SchlettflUdt 328.
Schliengen 890.
SchUerbach 274.
Schllffkopf, Bote 396.
400.
Schlossberg, the (Frei-
burg) 387.
— (Kreasnach) 167.
~ (Schirmeck) 832.
— (Wildenstein) 866.
Schluchsee 434.
Schlucht, the 860.
Schliicht-Tal, the 433.
Schlattenbach 365.
Schmalbach 397.
Schmalenstein 357.
Schmelze 485.
Schmelser-Thal 97.
Schmidtheim 204.
Schmitten 250.
Schneeberg, the 381.
Schneeborg 3B7. 418.
Schneidhain 246.
Schnellerts, ruin 263.
Schnierlach 346.
Schoden 181.
SchoUenbacb 265.
Schomberg 411.
8chonach 40i.
Schonau (Odenwald) 274
— (Palatinate) 304.
Schonau (Wiesental) 480.
— , chat. 437.
Schonberg (Hesse) 260.
— (Black Forest) 405.
— (Freiburg) 387.
Schonburg, ruin 123.
Schonecken 206.
Schonenbach 410.
Schonenberg 429.
Schonenbuehen 429.
Schonengriind 398.
Schdnmattenwag 261.
Schdnmtinzach 397.
Schonstein, ch&teau 67.
Schonthal 13. 290.
Schdnwald 413.
Schopfheim 431. 482.
Schramberg 412.
Schrannenbaeh 260.
Schriesheim 268.
Schriesheimerhof 262.
Schubergfelsen 427.
Schuld 102.
Schurm-See 897.
Schutter-Tal 880. 406.
Schwabenschanse 401.
402.
Schwabweiler 293.
Schwalbach 144.
Schwanenwasen 898.
Schwanheim 24a 3(^.
Schwarzach 378.
Schwarze 425.
Schwanenacker 297.
Schwarzenberg 997.
Schwarzenbom 213.
Schwarzenbnrg, ruin 349.
Schwarzenkopf, the 396.
Schwarze See, the 347.
Schwarzhalde, the 425.
Schwarz-Rheindorf 69.
Schwarzsee 487.
Schwarzwald 390.
Schwedenschance 402.
Schweich 198. 202.
Schweighausen 316.
Schweigmatt 431.
Schweighof 423.
Schweizerthal (St. Ch)ar)
121.
— (near Ems) 217.
Schwelm 66.
Schweppenburg, the 104.
Schwetzingen 276.
Sechtem 81.
Seebach 411.
Seebrugg 424.
Seebuck, the 422.
Seeheim 255.
Seekopf 394.
Seelach, the 373.
Seelbach 380.
Seelenborn 247.
Segendorf 78.
Sebl 194.
Sehringen ^7.
Seibelseckle 896. 898.
Seifen 220.
Seligenstadt 262.
Sellers 220.
Selz 301.
Sembach 169. 287.
Senhals 196.
Senheim 194.
Sennheim 368.
Sentheim 365.
Serrig 181.
Servigny 178.
Sesenheim 801.
Seulberg 245.
Seven Mountains, the 91.
— Virgins, the 122.
Sewen 356.
Siebeldingen 301.
Siebenbom 198.
Siebengebirge 91.
Siedelsbrunn 262.
Siegbure 66.
Siegen 67.
Siegfriedfbninnen 296.
Sierck 189.
Sierentz 828.
Siershahn 86. 220.
Sigolsheim 346.
Silz 292.
Simmem 166.
Simonswald 415.
Singen 440. 410.
Singhofen 145.
Sinn 67.
Sinzheim 378.
Sinzig 80.
Simitt 428.
Sobemheim 170.
Soden 248.
Sohlberg, the 400.
Solingen 64.
Sollig, the 196.
Sollingen 357.
Somxnerau 406.
Sondemheim 800.
Sonnbom 64.
Sonneck 420.
Sonnenberg 153.
— (Nahe) 172.
Sooneck 127.
Sophienhof 96.
Sophienruhe (near
Baden) 376.
— (Badenweller) 427.
Sourbrodt 13.
Spa 8.
Sparsbrod 822.
Speicher 207.
Speierskopf 152.
Spesburg 838.
Speyer 297.
Spicheren 174.
Spicherer Berg 174.
Spiesflhorn 423.
Spittengtein 121. 123.
Sponeck 381.
Sponheim 169.
Sporen-Insel 816.
Sprendlingen 266.
INDEX.
469
Springirsbach 196.
Stadtkyll 904.
Staffeler Ereuz 268.
Stahlberg, castle 136.
Stahleck, castle 126.
Stambach 319.
Stammheim 26.
Starkenburg, the (Hes-
se) 257.
^ (Moselle) 199.
Staudernheim 170.
Stanfen (Miinstertal) 430.
389.
-— , the (near Thann) 864.
— , the Grosse 376.
—, the Kleine 376.
Staufenberg (Baden) 377.
^, castle 379.
Staufenbnrg, the 430.
Stavelot 13.
Steeg 126.
Steele 64.
Steffelsberg 292.
Stegen 417.
Steig 414.
Steigerakopf, the 396.
Stein, Burg (Nassau) 218.
— (near Sayn) 84.
Steinach 406.
Steinbach (Odenwald)
264.
— (near Baden) 378.
Steinbeck 64.
Steinberg, the 134. 849.
Steinborn 206.
Steinburg 318. 319.
Steinebere 210.
Steinen 432.
Steinfeld 292.
— , abbey 204.
Steingrftn 406. 417.
Steinig 366.
Steintalskopf 100.
Steinthal 333.
Steinwenden 296.
Stephanafeld 318.
Sterkrade 19.
Stem-See, the 366.
Sterrenberg 119.
Stetten 433.
SUeringen 174.
Stockbeig 428.
Stdckleberg 424.
Stockhausen 221.
Stockstadt 260.
Stolberg 14.
Stolzeneck 275.
Stolzenfels 114.
Stoppelbere222.
StQssweier^eO.
Strahlenburff, the 268.
Strassburg 90i.
StrMsEbersbach 67.
Strohn 210.
Stromberg 165.
Strotabiisch 197.
Struthof 332.
Stuben, monast. 196.
Stable 428.
Stuhlingen 438. 387.
Styrum 63.
Siiehteln 62.
Suggenthal 415.
Sulz unterm Walde 293
Sulzbaeh (Alsace) 349.
SulEbach (Baden) 402.
— (near Saarbrflcken)
173.
— (on the Nahe) 171.
— (near Soden) 248.
Sulzbad 330.
Sulzburg 389.
Sulzer Belchen, the 363.
Sulzem 360.
Sundgau, the 327. 328.
Sundhofen 389.
8iirth69.
Taben 181.
Tannchel, the 342.
Tannenberg 266.
Tannenfels 398.
Tannen)drch 342.
Tannenstein 339.
Taubenschlagfelsen 318.
Taunus. the 240.
Tempelhof, the (Kieder-
breisig) 76.
— (Moselle) 191.
Teterchen 174. 190.
Tetingen 174.
Teufelsberg, the 292.
Teufelskfidrich 127.
Teafelskanzel 376. 404.
Teofelskuche 413.
TeufelBleiter 296.
Teufelsloeh 102.
Teufelsmiiiile 392. 886.
Teufelsstein, the 389.
Thaingen 440.
Thalhaus 276.
Thalmiihle 410.
Thann 353.
Thannweiler 340.
Theisbergstegen 296.
Thennenbronn 412.
Theodorshalle 167.
Thiengen 433.
Thionville 190.
Tholey 172.
Thorn, chat. 189.
Thomich 302.
Thron 202.
Thurant^ ruin 192.
Thumbetg. ruin 130.
Tburner, the 418.
Tiefenbach 318.
Tiefenbaeh-Tal, the 201.
Tiefenhausem 436.
Tiefenstein 436.
Tiefenthal 143.
Tirlemont 2.
Titisee, the 419.
Todtenkopf 880.
Todtmoos 433.
Todtmoos-Au 433.
Todtnau 430.
Todtnauberg 430.
Todtnauer Hiitte 423.
Tomberg, ruin 203.
Tonnerre, Mont 287.
Tonnisstein, baths 104.
Traben 199. 200.
Traisa 263.
Trarbach 199. 200.
Trcchtingshausen 127.
140.
Treis 193.
Treitolskopf 292.
Tr^mont m,
Treves 181.
Triberg 406.
Triefental 290.
Triembach 840.
Trier 181.
Trifels 801.
Trimborn 12.
Trips, ch&teau 61.
Trittenheim 302.
Trittscheid 210.
Troisdorf 66. 82.
Trois Bpis 848.
Tromm, the 262.
Trompet 60.
TronviUe 178.
Trooz, Le 3.
Truttenhausen 337.
Trutzeltz 193.
TschiffUek 303.
TiUlinger Hohe 432.
Tiirkheim 348.
Tiirkismtihle 173.
Ubstadt 356.
Ueckingen 190.
Uedem 58.
Uedersdorf 211.
Uehlingen 438.
Uerdingen 63.
Uersfeld 209.
Uerzig 200. 198.
Uffhausen 389.
Ulmen 209.
Unadingen 420.
Undenheim 280.
Ungersberg 339.
Ungersbeim 326.
Unkel 73. 84.
Unter-Absteinaoh 363.
460
Unter-Aha 433. 434.
Unter-BarrUle 330.
Untereggingen 483.
UntereAchbach 36.
Unter-Grombach 367.
Unterballau 438
Unter-Hannersbacb 405.
Unterkirnach 409.
Unterlenskireh 424.
Unter-Manbach 16.
Untermulten 429.
Unter-PrechUua 416.
Untex^Raidelbach 260.
Untersee, the 440.
Unter-Simonswald 415.
Untersmatt 394.
Urbacb (Prassia) 66.
— (Alsace) 383. 345.
Urbar 113- 79.
Urbeifl 346.
Urbis 364.
Urft 304.
Urftal 204.
Urmatt 332.
Urmersbach 206.
Urmite 78. 79.
Umagold 396.
Uratein 384.
Usingen 245.
Utrecht 17.
Utach 206.
Utzenfeld 430.
Utzerath 209. 103.
Val-de-VUW 340.
Vallendar 86.
Vallerysthal 330.
Valwig 194.
Vaudrefange 180.
Veitskopf, the 105.
Veldenz 201.
VeUen 103.
Veluwe, the 18.
Vendenheim 294. 818.
Venlo 61.
Verdun 176.
Vem^ville 177.
Vernich 303.
Verviers 3.
Vetsberg 68.
Veynau 303.
Victoriaberg, the 73.
Vieille-MonUgne 3. 13.
Vierseenplatz, the 118.
Viereen 63.
Vilbel 69. 310.
Villingen 409.
Villmar 221.
VionviUe 178.
Virneberg 72.
Virneburg 208.
Vogelbach 427. 438.
Vogalskopf 306.
INDEX.
Vogisheim 427.
Vdhrenbach 410.
Vohwinkel 64.
Volkersweiler 303.
VdlkUngen 180. 190.
VoUerdingen 318.
VoUrada 134.
Volpertshaasen 222.
Vorbruck 333.
Vorder-Langenbach 398.
Vorder-Seebach 399.
Vorder-Weidenthal 303.
Vorgebirge, the 16. 81.
Vorat 63.
Vosges, the 329.
Voyemont 833.
Wachenberg 258.
Wachenheim (Rhenish
Hesse) 289.
— (Palatinate) 387.
Wachtenburg, the 389.
Wadenheim 99.
Wadgassen 180.
Wagensteig-Tal, the 418.
Waghausel 280.
Wagnersberg, the 434.
Wahlen 261.
Wahlenburg 826.
Wahlheim 286.
Wahn 66.
Waibstadt 276.
Walbach 849.
Walburg 293.
Waldau 41A
Waldbdckelheim 170.
Waldbroel 67.
Waldeck, ruin 192.
Waldersbach 333.
Waldfischbach 303.
Waldfriede 170.
Waldhof 260.
Waldkatzenbach 375.
Waldkirch 415.
Wald-Leiningen 364.
Waidmichelbach 261.
Waldsberg 337.
Waldsee (near Baden)
372.
— (near Freiburg) 387.
Waldshut 437.
Walheim 18.
Walldorf 250. 366.
Wallerfangen 180.
Wallersheim 79.
Wallertheim 286.
Wallhausen 172.
Walporzheim 100.
Wambach 144.
Wangen 830.
Wangenburg 331.
IWanne, the 409.
Wanzel 840.
Wansenau 301.
Wareokme 2.
Warenbnrg, the 409.
Wartesberg, the 210.
Warth, the 209.
Wasen 480.
Wasenburg, the 817.
Wasenweiler 388.
Wasgau, the 303.
Washolder Hof 102.
Wasigenstein, the 304.
Wasperweiler 320.
Wasselnheim 33a
Wassenach 106.
WaaserbiUig 189.
WasserUesch 189.
Weberley, the 311.
Wecker 169.
Weeze 68.
Wegelnburg, t^e 304.
Wehen lU.
Wehlen 200.
Wehr 483. 433.
Wehra-Tal 438.
Wehrbiisch, the 309.
Wehrheim 346. •
Weibel 845.
Weibem 105.
Weidenbaeh 102.
Weidenthal 295.
Weier im Thai 849.
Weilbach (Taunos) 241,
— (Odenwald) 264.
Weilburg 221.
Weiler 840. 364. 105.
WeUerswist 203.
WeileHhal 340.
Weiimiinster 221.
Weiltal 231.
Weinblet, the 290.
Weinfelder Kirche 210.
" Maar 210.
Weingarten 367.
Weinheim 267.
Weinsheim 288.
Weinweg, the 260.
Weisenbaeh 896.
Weisenheim 281.
Weismes 13. «*
Weiss 84.
— , the 345.
weissenburg 292.
Weissenfels 169.
Weissenturm 78. 79.
Weisse See, the 347.
Weisskirchen 242.
Weisstannhdhe 420.
Weitersburg 86.
Weiterstadt 261.
Weisen 438.
Wekmund 336.
Welgesheim 286.
INDEX.
461
Welkenhausen 9*
WeUen 189.
Wellcaweilep 297.
Wellmich 120. 143.
Welachbruch 838.
Welschingen 410.
Wembach 431.
Wendel 174.
Wendelsheim 286.
Wengelsbach 304.
Wengerohp 193.
Wensberg 103.
Werlau mines 130.
Wermelsklrchen 63.
Wernerseck, ruin 103.
Werachweiler 297.
Werth 14.
Wesel 18.
Wesaeling 69.
Wesserling 364.
Westerbarg 220.
Weatheim 301.
Wesihofen 281. 830.
WeBtphalen*8che An 136,
Westrich, the 291.
Wetterberg, the 303.
Wettateinhdhe 846.
Wetzlar 221. 67.
WevelinghoYen 16.
Weyersbach 211.
Weyersheim 294.
Wichelshof, the 69.
Wickrath 61.
Widdig 69.
Wiebelflbach 263.
Wiebelskirchen 172.
Wieden 130.
Wiedenereck 430.
Wiedenfelsen 893.
Wiehre 887. 417.
Wles 189.
Wiesbaden 146.
Wiesenseheid 205.
Wiesental 28a
Wiesloch 366.
Wilchingen 438.
Wildbad 368.
Wildenburg, the 193. 264.
WUdenstein 366.
WUdschapbach-Thal 403
411.
Wildsee, the 368. 896.
Wildstein 200.
Wilferdingen 367.
Wilgartswiesen 802.
Wilhelmsbad 263.
WUhelmstein 61.
WiUerwald 320.
Wilmshausen 260.
Wilseck 307.
Wiltingen 181.
Wilwisheim 319.
Wimmenaa 318.
Wincheringen 189.
WinekSU.
Windeck (Bergstrasse)
268.
— (Siegthal) 67.
Winden (near Diiren)
16.
— (Palat.) 293. 366.
Windhaosen 118.
Windschlag 379.
Windstein 304. 317.
Wineck 304.
Wingen 318.
Winkel 134. 143.
Winnebnrg 194.
Winningen 191.
WinnweUer 169. 387.
Winterberg, the (near
Ems) 216.
— , the (Spicheren) 174
—^ the Grosse 817.
Winterburg 169.
Winterich 201.
Winterswyk 19.
Winterwerb 116
Winzenheim 348.
Winsingen, eh&t. 290.
Wirft 206.
Wisch 332.
Wisneck 418.
Wissen 68. 67.
Wisper-Tal, the 126. 145.
Wittelsheim 826.
WittUch 198.
WittUngen 428.
Witznauer Miihle 488.
Woippy 179. 190.
Wolf 200.
Wolfach 410.
Wolfgarten 16.
Wolfhezen 18.
Wolflingen 317.
Wolfaberg, the 206.
Wolfsbrunnen, the 272.
— Inn 899.
Wolfsburg, rain 291.
WoUskehlen 260. 266.
Wolfflkirchen 320.
Wolfsschlucht 276. 876.
Wolfstein 296.
Wolkenborg, the 96.
WoUbach 428.
WdUstein 386.
Wolterdingen 410.
Wonsheim 169.
Worms 282.
Worringen 66.
Wdrrstadt 286.
Worsdorf 260.
Worth (Alsace) 294.
— (Palatinate) 800.
--, chit. 439.
Wurgersdorf 67.
Wiirselen 16.
Wyhlen 486.
Zanten 68.
Tach 408.
Tburg, castle 377.
Zabem 319.
Zabemer Senke 819.
Zahlbach 164.
Zahringen 381.
Zarten 417.
Zastler-Tal, the 422.
Zeiger, the 422.
Zeilhard 263.
Zeiskam 801.
Zeist 17.
Zell (on the Harmers-
bachl 406.
— (Moselle) 199.
Zell (Miimlingtal) 263.
— (Palatinate) 287.
— (Wiesenthal) 431.
Zellenberg 343.
Zeller Blanen, the 431.
Zeltingen 200.
Zendscheid 306.
Zevenaar 18. 60.
Zewen 181.
Ziegelhausen 274.
Ziegelkopf, the 406.
Zillisheim 828.
Zinzel-Tal, the 818.
ZoUhans 146.
Zons 66.
Zotzenbach 262.
Zotzenheim 286.
Ziilpich 303.
Zasenhofen 401.
Zweibnicken 803.
Zweibriiggen 61.
Zweribach-Fall, the416t
Zwickgabel 396.
Zwingenberg 266. 276.
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