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THE RHINE.
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HONET TABLE.
(Comp. p. xiii.)
Approximate Eqniyalents.
American
French
German
Austrian
Money.
Englisu jnuney.
Money.
Money.
Money.
DolL
CtM.
L.
S.
2).
Fr.
Cts.
ur
^•
K.
h.
—
i
—
—
Va
—
5
—
4
—
6
—
2V2
—
—
1V4
—
12V2
—
10
—
i? 1
—
6
—
—
2V2
—
25
—
20
—
24
10
__
5
50
—
40
—
48
12V2
6«/«
62V,
—
50
_
60
20
9»/4
1
—
80
—
96
—
201/,
—
. —
lOi/4
1
10
—
86
1
—
—
25
— .
1
1
25
1
—
1
20
43
1
9
2
12V2
1
70
2
.—.
50
2
2
50
2
—
2
40
75
__
3
3
75
3
—
3
60
1
4
5
4
—
4
80
1
26
5
6
25
6
—
6
— 1
1
50
6
7
50
6
—
7
20
1
76
7
8
75
7
—
8
40 n
1 2
8
10
—
8
—
9
60
2
26
9
11
25
9
—
10
80
2
50
10
12
60
10
—
12
—
3
12
15
12
—
14
40
4
16
20
16
—
19
20
5
1
25
20
—
24
—
26
—
5
—
125
~
100
120
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THE RHINE
FROM
ROTTEEDAM TO CONSTJLNOE
HANDBOOK FOB tSATELlEBS
BY
EARL BAEDEKER
With 45 Maps and'26 Plans
FIFTEfiHTH BEVISED EDITIOH
LEIPSICt KARL BAEDEKER, PUBLISHER
LOiroON: DULAU Ain> CO., 37 SOHO SQUAEE, W.
NBW TOEK: CHAELES SCBIBNEB'S SONS, 163/167 FIFTH AVENUE
1903
All rights reserved.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
KIBVARD PINE ARTS LIBRAHY
FOGG MUSEUM
*Go, little book, God send thee good passage,
And specially let this be thy prayere
Unto them all that thee will read or hear,
Where thou art wrong, aft«r their help to call,
Thee to correct in any part or all.'
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PREFACE.
The chief object of the Handbook for the Rhine is to
supply the traveller with such information as will render
him as nearly as possible independent of hotel-keepers,
commissionnaires, and guides, and thus enable him the
more thoroughly to enjoy and appreciate the objects of
interest he meets with on his tour.
The Handbook is based almost entirely upon the per-
sonal observation of the Editor, and the country de-
scribed has been repeatedly explored by him with a
view to procure the latest possible information ; but, as
changes are constantly taking place, he will highly appre-
ciate any communications with which travellers may
kindly favour him, if the result of their own experience.
Those already received from numerous correspondents,
which he gratefully acknowledge^^ , have in many cases
proved most serviceable.
The present edition, which corresponds with the 29th
in German and the 17th in French, has been thoroughly
revised and brought up to date. For the article on
Rhenish Art the Editor is indebted to the late Professor
Anton Springer of Leipsic.
The Maps and Plans, on which special care has
been bestowed, will often render material service to the
traveller, and enable him at a glance to ascertain his
bearings and select the best routes.
Time Tables. Information regarding trains, steam-
boatd, and diligences is most trustworthy when obtained
from local sources. The best German publications of
the kind are 'HendscheVs TelegrapK (2 Jt] , published
at Frankfort on the Main, and issued monthly during
the summer season, and the ^Eeichs^Kursbuch* (2 Jt) ,
published at Berlin, issued eight times a year.
Heights are given in English feet (1 Engl. ft. ==
0,3048 m^tre). Distances in English miles (except in the
oase Qf mountain-excursions, where the time ihey occupy
Digitized by VjCTOk
vl PREFACE.
is given as more conyenient) , and the Populations in
accordance with the most recent census.
Hotels. The Editor has endeavoured to enumerate,
•not only the first-class hotels , hut others also of more
modest pretensions, which may be safely selected by the
.^voyageur en garden', with little sacrifice of comfort
and great saving of expenditure. Although changes fre-
quently take place, and prices generally have an upward
tendency, the average charges stated in the Handbook
will enabk the tfaveller to form a fair estimate of his prob-
able expenditure. It is advisable to ascertain the charge
for rooms in advance. The asterisks indicate those hotels
which the Editor has reason to believe to be provided
with the comforts and conveniences expected in an up-
to-date establishment, and also to be well managed and
with a reasonable scale of charges. Houses of a more
modest character, when good of their class, are described
as *fair' or ^very fair'. At the same time he does not
doubt that comfortable quarters may often be obtained at
inns which he has not recommended or even mentioned.
The Editor regrets that he is unable to answer all
communications. To hotel-proprietors, t!radesmen, and
others be begs to intimate that a character for fair deal-
ing and courtesy towards travellers forms the sole pass-
port to his commendation , and that advertisements of
every kind are strictly excluded from his Handbooks.
Abbreviations.
B. = room, route; L. ss luncheon^ Ught; B. = breakfast; D. = dinner;
S. = sapper; A. = attendance; rfmts. = refresbments ; pens. = pension
(i.e. boara and lodging). — TS. = north, northern, etc.; S. =: south, etc.;
E. = east, etc.; W. = west, etc. — r. = right; L = left. — M. = English
mile; ft. c= Engl. foot. — J# = mark; pf. = pfennig; fr. = franc; c. =
centime. — hr. = hour; min. = minute. — Carr. = carriage; omn. =
omnibus. — ca. = circa, about. — Gomp. ss compare.
The letter d with a date, after the name of a person, indicates the
year of his death. The number of feet given after the name of a place in-
dicates its height above the sea-level. The number of miles placed be-
fore the principal places on railway-routes and highroads generally indi-
cates their distance from the starting-point of the route.
Asterisks are used as marks of commendation.
' Digitized by VjOOQIC
CONTENTS.
Page
I. Language xiii
n. Money. Travelling Expenses xiii
m. Passports. Custom House xiv
rv. Routes from London to the Rhine xiv
V. Railways xv
VI. Steamboats. Fall, Breadth, Length, and Depth of
the Rhine xvi
VII. Walking Excursions xviii
VIU. Cycling Notes xviU
IX. Hotels xix
X. Climate. Grape Cure xx
XI. Wines of the Rhine and Moselle xxi
XII. Rhenish Art xxiv
Boate.
1. From Brussels to Cologne 1
Enyirons of Aix-la-Chapelle, 12. — From Aix-la-Ghapelle to
Malmedy, 13. — The Valley of the Roer. Nideggen. Heim-
bach. From Diiren to Neuss and to Jiilich, 15. From Horrem
to Liblar and Ameln, 16.
2. From Rotterdam to Cologne 16
From Oberhaasen to Ruhrort, 19. — Environs of Diisaeldorf.
From Miilheim to Oladbach, Bensberg, and Immekeppel, 25.
3. Cologne 26
4. From Cologne to Neuss (Dusseldorf), Crefeld, and Cieve . 55
From Nenss to Obercassel (DQsseldorf), 66. — From Goch to
Wesel. Xanten, 58. — From Gleve to Elten and Zevenaar
and to Galcar, 59.
5. From Aix-la-Chapelle to Diisseldorf vi& Gladbach .... 60
Schloss Dyck, 60.
6. From Gladbach to Crefeld, Duisburg, and Essen .... 61
From Viersen to Venlo (Flushing, Rotterdam, Maastricht). 61.
— From Viersen to Moers via Crefeld. Rheinberg, 61, 62.
7. From Cologne to Elberfeid and Hagen 62
From Opladen to Lennep. Altenberg, 62. — From Ohligs to
Solingen and Vohwinkel. Kaiser -Wilhelm-Briicke, 63. —
From Elberfeid to Dusseldorf, 65.
8. From Cologne to Frankfort via Giessen 65
9. The Rhine from Cologne to Coblenz 68
Basalt Quarries of Dattenberg and the Minderberg, 73. —
From Keuwied to Honrepos and Altwied, 77.
10. From Coblenz to Cologne. Railway Journey 78
11. From Cologne (Deutz) to Ehrenbreitstein (Coblenz) ... 81
From Engers to Siershahn, 83.
12. Bonn 84
13. The Seven Mountains (SUbengebirge) 91
14. VaUey of the Ahr 97
Eeaselinger-Thal and Denathal. Aremberg, 101. — Hohe Acht.
Nftrbmrg, 102. (
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liU CONTENTS.
Boute Page
15. From Andeinach and from BroU to the Laacher See . . 102
16. Coblenz and its Environs 105
17. The Rhine from Coblenz to Mayenee 112
From Braabach to Nastatten, 115. — Alte Burg, near Boik
pard. Fleckertshohe, 117. — From Boppard to Brodcn-
bacb, 118. — Spitzenstein. Schweizer-Tbal. 120. — Reichen-
berg. From St. Goarsbausen to ZolUiaus vi& Naat'atten, 121.
— Steeger-Tbal, 124. — Wisper-Tbal. From Lorcb to
Scbwalbacb, 125. — Tbe Sauerburg. Morgenbacb-Tbal, 126.
— EUsenbohe, 130. — Walk in the Rbeingau, 131. — Ei-
bingen, 132. — Hallgarten. Eberbach and tbe Steinberg,
133, 134. — Kiedrich. Grafenberg. Scbarfenstein, 136.
18. The Niederwald 136
19. From Coblenz to Mayenee. Railway on the Left Bank . 139
20. From Coblenz to Wiesbaden. Schlangenbad and Schwal-
bach. Railway on the Right Bank 140
From Eltville to Schlangenbad, 142. — From Schlangenbad
to Wiesbaden. From Wiesbaden to Schwalbach and Lim-
burg, 148.
21. Wiesbaden 145
22. Mayenee 154
23. From Bingerbruek to Kreuznach, Saarbriieken, and Metz 165
From Kreuznach to the Gans, Bheingrafenstein, and Hiinstet
am Stein, 168. — Ebernbnrg. Rothenfels. Altenbaumburg.
Lemberg. From Kreuznach to Wallhansen and to Winter-
burg, 169. — From Miinster am Stein to Kaiserslautem,
170 — From Staudemheim to Meisenheim. Schloss Dhaun,
171 — Idar, 172. — Hunnenring. Tholey, 178. — Heights
of Spicheren. St. Amual, 174. — The Battle Fields near
Metz, 177. — From Metz to Pagny, 179.
24. From Saarbrucken to Treves, and thenee to Luxembourg
and Metz 180
Hontclair. The Clef. Gastel. The Klaus, 181.
25. From Coblenz to Treves by the Moselle and by Railway 190
Ehrenburg. Miinster-Maifeld. Schloss Eltz, 192, 198. —
From Alf to Bertrich, 196. — Rodelheck. Falkenlei, 197. ~
From Piinderich to Traben-Trarbach, 197. — From Wenge-
rohr to Bemcastel, 198. — Kautenbacb-Thal. Wildbad
Trarbach. Bad Wildstcin, 199. — Tiefenbacb-Thal, 201.
26. The Volcanie Eifel 202
a. Railway from Cologne to Treves 202
From Euskirchen to Duren, to Bonn, and to Hiinstereifel.
From Call to Hellenthal, 203. — From Hillesheim to Adenau,
204. — From Gerolstein to Prclm and St. Vith and to Daun,
205. — FUeasem and Bitburg, 206.
b. Railway from Andernaeh to Mayen and Gerolstein 207
From Kaisersesch to Cochem. Wehrbflsch. Warth, 208.
c. Walk from Daun to Kyllburg y\^ Gillenfeld and
Manderscheid 209
From Daun to Manderscheid, 210. — Bettenfeld. Meerf elder
Maar, 211.
27. From Coblenz to Wetzlar. Ems and the Valley of the Lahn 212
Excursions from Ems, 216. — From Limburg to Au and to
Altenkirchen. Hachenbiirg,219.— Weilthal. Braunfels, 22[^
CONTENTS. ix
Bonte Page
28. Frankfort. . . , 221
From Frankfort to Mayence, 289.
29. The Taunus 240
a. Taunns Railway from Frankfort to Oastel (Mayenee)
and Wiesbaden 240
b. From Frankfort to Homburg 241
The Saalbnrg, 344. — From Hombarg to Usingen, 345.
c. From Frankfort to Cronberg or Konigstein. Feldberg 245
d. From Frankfort to Soden 247
From Soden to Cronberg and to Konigstein, 348.
e. From Frankfort to Eppstein and Limbnrg 248
TkeRossert. Fischbach-Thal. Neu-Weilnan. Alt-Weilnau,349.
30. From Frankfort or Mayenee to Mannheim and Heidelberg 260
a. Via Lampertheim to Mannheim (Carlsrahe) .... 250
b. Via Darmstadt to Heidelberg and Mannheim .... 250
From Darmstadt to Worms and to Mannheim, 354. — From
Bickenhach to Jugenheim and Seeheim. The Melibocus, 365.
— Environs of Auerbach, 356. — From Bensheim to Worms.
Lorsch, 356. — Starkenburg, 357. — - From Weinheim to
Heidelberg and to Mannheim, 257, 258.
31. TheOdenwald 258
a. Western Portion. Felsberg. Linden f els. From Wein-
heim to Furth 258
From Lindenfels to Heppenheim and to Fdrth. From
Horlenbach to Waldmichelbach. The Tromm, 261.
b. Eastern Portion. Odenwald Railway 262
From Beinheim to Reichelsheim, 262. — From Hichelstadt
' to Amorbach, Miltenberg, and Aschaffenburg, 363, 364.
32. Heidelberg and the Valley of the Neckar 264
From Heidelberg to Schwetzingen and Speyer 275
38. Mannheim and Lndwigshafen 276
From Mannheim to Carlsrahe, 279.
34. From Mayenee to Lndwigshafen (Mannheim). Worms . 279
85. From Bingen or Mayenee Yi4 Alzey to Eaiserslautem,
Worms, or Nenstadt 285
The Donnersberg, 286. — From Griinstadt to Eisenberg.
Abbey of Limbnrg. Hartenbnrg, 387. — Heidenmaaer, 288.
36. From Lndwigshafen to Weissenburg and Strassbnrg . . 288
Environs of Nenstadt. Haardt. From Nenstadt to the Max-
bnrg,289. — Gleisweiler. Elingenmtin8ter,290. — Bergzabern.
Geisberg, 291. — Worth, 292.
87. From Mannheim (Lndwigshafen) to Neunkirchen . . . 293
From Eaiserslautem to Standemheim. From Landstuhl to
Eusel, 394. — From Homburg to Zweibriicken, 295.
38. From Lndwigshafen to Speyer, Lanterbnrg, and Strassbnrg 295
From Germersheim to Landau, 298.
89. From Landan to Zweibriicken. The Vosges of the Palatinate 299
Pirmasens From Zweibr&cken to Saarbrucken and to Saar-
gemiind, 300.
40. Strassbnrg 302
From Strasfburg to Kehl and to Colmar, 814. (
Digitized by V
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X CONTENTS.
Route Page
41. From StrasBbnrg to Saarbrucken ^Afrt«; 314
42. From Strassburg to Metz vl4 Saaralben or via Saarburg . 316
From Obermodern to Zabem, 316. — From Saarburg to
Saargemiind ; to Albertchweiler ; to Nancy, 818.
The N. Vosges Mts 318
43. From Strassburg to Bile 320
Sulanatt, 323. — From BoUweiler to Ensisheim, 324. — From
Miilhausen to Hiillheim and to Belfort. 835. — From St.
Ludwig to Leopoldshohe, Hiiningen, 326.
44. The Central and Upper Vosges Mts 326
I. The Central Vosges Mts 327
a. From Zabem to Molshelm. Wangenburg. Schneeberg 327
b. From Strassburg to Saales. Brenschthal. Donon . 328
From Schirmeck to Hohwald, 329. — From Rothau to
Hohwald, 380.
c. From Molshelm to Schlettstadt. Odilienburg. Hohwald 332
II. The Upper or High Vosges Mts 336
a. From Schlettstadt to Markiroh. Hoh-Kdnigsbnrg.
Rappoltsweiler 336
From Harkirch to Rappoltsweiler. The Br^zonard, 837. —
From Rappoltsweiler to Reichenweier and Kaysersberg, 840.
b. The Weissthal. The Weisse See and Schwarze See.
Reisberg 341
c. From Colmar to Miinster and Metzeral. The Schlncht 344
From Tiirkheim to Drei -ffihren, 344. — Ascent of the Kahle
Wasen from Miinster and Luttenbacb, 345, 346. — Hohneck.
From Metzeral to the Grosse Belchen. Rothenbachkopf, 347.
d. From BoUweiler to Lautenbach. Grosse Belchen . 347
Murbach Abbey, 848.
e. From Mulhausen to Wesserling 349
From St. Amarin to Masmiinster, 850.
f. From Sennheim to Sewen, Welsche Belchen . . . 351
45. From Heidelberg to Baden 352
From Bruchsal to Germersheim, 852. — From Darlach
to Pforzheim and Wildbad, 353. — From Carlsruhe to
Landau, 361.
46. Baden and Environs 362
47. From Baden to Freiburg and Bale 374
Sasbach. Erlenbad. Brigittenschloss. From Appenweier
to Kehl and Strassburg, 375. — From Dinglingen to Lahr,
876. — Excursions from Freiburg. Giintersthal, Schau-
ins-Land, etc., 383, 384. — From Freiburg to Colmar, 8S4.
48. The Black Forest ('Dwcfty 0/^ Baden; 386
a. From Carlsruhe and Ettlingen or from Gemsbach to
Herrenalb 388
b. From Buhl through the Buhler-Thal to the Sand(Plattig)
and Hundseck, and to Allerheiligen via the Homls-
grinde and the Ruhstein 389
Gertelbach-Schlucht, 389. — Badener Hohe. Mehliskopf.
Hohe Ochscnkopf, 390. r^
~ Digitized by >
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CONTENTS. xi
Route Page
c. The Murgtbal firom Rastatt to Baiersbronn, and thence
to Frendenstadt. From SchonmClnzach to the Horais-
grinde 391
From Baden to Forbfwh direct and to Herrenwies, 898.
d. From Aohern via OttenhSfen to the Ruhstein or Aller-
helligen 396
From Eappelrodeek to Allerheiligen. From OttenhSfen to
Allerbeiligen, 396. — The Bothe SchllfflEopf. From Aller-
heiligen to Oppenau, 896. — From Allerheiligen to Rippoldsau
over the Eniebis, 397.
e. From Appenweier to Oppenau and the Baths in the
Renchthal 397
From Locherberg to Zell vi& Harmersbach or Nordraeh,
398. — From Petersthal to Schapbach and Antogast. From
Qrieabach to Rippoldsau. Holswalder Hohe, 3fiK9.
f. Schwarzwald Railway from Offenburg to Constance . 400
Moosthurm, 400. — From Biberach to Lahr. Hohen-Gerolds-
eck, 401. — Althornberg. From Homberg to Elzach and
Schramberg, 402. — From Triberg to Homberg via the Alt-
hornberg and to Elzach viH Schonach, 403. — From St.
Georgen to Triberg, 404. — From Donaneschingen to Furt-
wangen, 405.
g. From Hansach to Frendenstadt vik Schiltach. Rip-
poldsau 406
From the K15sterle to Frendenstadt. From Schiltach to
Schramberg, 407.
h. From Triberg to the Simonswalder-Thal (Waldkirch)
vl& Furtwangen 409
The Brend, 409. — From Furtwangen to Waldau. Zweri«
bach Fall, 410.
1. Waldkirch and the Elzthal 411
k. Hollenthal Railway from Freiburg to Donaneschingen.
Feldberg 412
From Kirchzarten to St. Hargen and to Todtnau. From
Himmelreich to St. Margen, 118. — Hochwart. Saig. Hoch-
first. Weisstannhohe. Friedenweiler, 415.
1. From Titisee to Schluchsee and St. Blasien .... 419
From Schluchsee to Thiengen, 490.
m. Badenweller and Environs. Biirgeln. Blanen .... 420
Kandern, and thence to Haltingen, 423.
n. From Badenweller to the Belchen, and through the
Mflnster-Thal to Staufen 424
From Schonau and from Bad Sulsbnrg to the Belchen, 424.
— From Staufen to Utzenfeld in the Wiesen-Thal, 425.
0. The Wiesen-Thal and the ^Strategic Line* 425
From Ldrraeh to Leopoldshohe, 427.
p. The Wehra-Thal and Albthal 428
From St. Blasien to Schluchsee and to Todtmoos, 430.
49. From Bale to Constance via Schaflfhausen . . ... . . 431
From Waldshut to Immendingen. The Schlficht-Thal, 433.
— The Falls of the Rhine 434. — Bohentwiel, 485. —
The Island of Reichenau, 435.
Index .... r"v^/^rtlr^ ^^^
Digitized by VjOOv LC
xli MAPS AND PLANS.
Xapi.
1. Railway Map op the Lowbb Rhinb, from Aix-la-Chapelle and Coloe:ne
to Venlo and Dortmnnd : BB. 1. 2, M ; p. 64.
2. The BwiBONS op Olbvx: B. 4; p. 68.
3. The Bonn pbom Goloonb to Bonxt: BB. 9, 10, 11; p. 68.
4. The Bhinb from Bonn to Goblbnz: BB. 9, 10, 11, 14, 15; p. 70.
6. The Sbvbn Mountains : B. 13; p. 93.
6. The Valley op thb Ahb: E. 14; p. 97.
7. The Bnvibons op thb Laachbb Sbb: B. 16; p. 103.
8. The Bhinb pbom Goblbnz to Binobn : BB. 16, 17, 19, 20, 23, 27;
p. 113.
9. The EN7IBON8 op Boppabd: B. 17; p. 116.
10. The Envibons op St. Goab: B. 17; p. 119.
11. The W. Taunub and Bheinoau: BB. 17, 19, 20; p. 128.
12. The Nibdbbwald: B. 18; p. 136.
13. The Envibons of Ebbuznach: B. 23; p. 166.
14. The Nahbthal: B. 23; p. 168.
16. The Valley op the Saab from Saarbriicken to Treves: B. 23; p. 172.
16. The Enyibons op Hbtz: B. 23; p. 176.
17. The Mosblle: BB. 24, 25; p. 190.
18. The Envibons op Alf and Bbbtbich: B. 25; p. 196.
19. The Volcanic Eipbl: B. 26; p. 202.
20. The Envibons of Daun and Mandbbschbid : B. 26 ; p. 206.
21. The Envibons of Ems : B. 27 ; p. 213.
2*2. The Valley of the Lahn: B. 27; p. 216.
23. The Tadnds: B. 29; p. 240.
24. The Fbldbbbg in the Taunus and the Envibons of Hombubq: B. 29;
p. 246.
25. The Bbbostbassb and Odbnwald : B. 31 ; p. 256.
2B. The E. Odenwald : B. 31h ; p. 262.
27. The Envibons of Hbidblbbbo: B. 32; p. 264.
28. Map of Bhbnish Hesse : BB. 34, 35 ; p. 285.
29. The Envibons op Neustadt: B. 36: p. 2"=^8.
30. The Bhbnish Palatinate : BB. 35, 36, 37, 39, 41 ; p. 293.
31. The NoBTHEBN VosGES Mts. : BB. 42, 44 I. ; p. 318.
32. The Cbntbal Vosges Mts.: BB. 441., 44 II.; p. 824.
83. The SoDTHBBN VosoES Mts. : B. 44 II. ; p. 840.
34. The Environs op Baden : B. 46 ; p. 368.
85. The Envibons op Fbbibdbg: B. 47; p. 378.
36. The Black Forest, Sheet I. (Murgthal): BB. 46, 47, 48a-d; p. 386.
87. The Envibons of Allbrhbiligbn : B. 48 d; p. 3d6.
38. The Black Forest, Sheet II. (Einzig-Thal): BB. 47, 48d-g; p. 898.
39. The Environs op Tbibbbg: B. 48 f; p. 402
40. The Black Forest , Sheet III. O^'reihurg, Triberg, Donaueschingen) :
BB. 47, 48h-k; p. 404.
41. The Fbldbbbg District: B. 48k; p. 416.
42. The Black Forest, Sheet IV. (Southern Valleys) : RR. 481-p, 49 ; p. 418.
43. The Environs op Badenweiler: B. 48 m; p. 420.
44. ScHAFPHAUSEN AND Falls OF THB Bhinb : B. 49; p. 434.
45. Bailway Map of the Bhinb, after the Index.
Plans of Towns.
Aik-la-Chapblle, p. 4; Baden, p. 363; Babmbn, p. 64; Bonn, p. 84;
Garlsruhb, p. 354; Clbvb. p. 59; Goblbnz, with Environs, p. 106; Col-
MAB, p. 322; Cologne, p. 26; Cbbpbld, p. 57; Dabmstadt, p. 251; Ddis-
burg-Buhrort, p. 19; DGsseldorf, p. 20; Elbbbfeld, p. 64^ Frankfort,
p. 222; Castle of Heidelberg, p. 268 ; Mannheim, p. 276; Maybnoe, p. 154;
Metz, p. 175; M5LHACSBN, p. 824: Spbybb, p. 295; Strassburg, p. 302;
TrAves, p. 183; Wiesbaden, p. 145; Wobms, p. 281,
y Google
INTRODUCTION.
I. Language.
A slight aoqnalntance with (German is indispensable for those
who desire to explore the more remote parts of the Rhenish
Provinces. Tourists who do not deviate from the beaten track will
generally find English or French spoken at the principal hotels and
the usual resorts of strangers ; but if they are entirely ignorant of
the language they must be prepared occasionally to submit to the
extortions practised by porters, cab-drivers, and others of a like
cUm, whieh even the data furnished by the Handbook will not
always enable them to avoid.
n. Money. Travelling Expenses.
MoNBT. The German mark (ulf), which is nearly equivalent to
the English shilling, is divided into 100 pfennigs. Banknotes of 5,
20, and 50 M are issued by the Oerman Imperial Bank (^Deutsche
Seieh$bank'), and others of 100, 500, and 1000 Jl by the Imperial
Bank and by twelve other banks which possess the privilege. The
current gold eoint are pieces of 10 and of 20 marks, the intrinsic
value of which is somewhat lower than that of the English half-
sovereign and sovereign (il, being worth about 20 UK 43 pf .). The
paper currency is of the same value as the precious metals. The
silver coins are pieces of 5, 3 (the old dollar), 2, 1, and Y2 m&^l^
(50 pf.). In nickel there are coins of 10 and 5 pfennigs, and in
copper there are pieces of 2 and 1 pfennig.
English sovereigns and banknotes may be exchanged at all the
principal towns in Germany, and napoleons are also favourably
received (20 fr. s= 16«. s 16.#, and often a little more). Those
who travel with large sums should carry them in the form of letters
of credit or in circular notes of 5^ or 10^., rather than in banknotes
or gold, as the value of the former, if lost or stolen, is recoverable.
TiLAVBiiLiNO EZPBN8B8. The oxponse of a tour in the Rhenish
Provinces depends of course on a great variety of circumstances. Of
late years many complaints have Justly been made of the exorbitant
charges at some of the Rhenish hotels ; but it may be stated generally
that travelling in Germany, and even on the Rhine, is less ex-
pensive, and in some respects more comfortable, than in most
other countries in Europe. The pedestrian of moderate require-
ments, who has attained tolerable proficiency in the language and
avoids the beaten track as much as possible, will have no difficulty
in limiting his expenditure to 8-10 Jf per day ; but those who prefer
driving to walking, frequent the most expensive hotels, and require
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
xiY PASSPORTS.
the services of guides and commissionnalres, must be prepared to
expend at least 25-30 uff daily.
ni. Passports. Custom Hoase.
Passfobts are, as a mle, unnecessary for trayellers in Germany,
but they are occasionally req^uired to prove the identity of the trav-
eller, to procure admission to collections, and to obtain delivery of
registered letters. Cyclists (comp. p. xviti) should aliways carry a
passport. Among the principal passport - agents in London are :
Buss, 4 Adelaide Street, Strand (charge 4«., including agent's fee);
0. Smith and Son, 23 Craven Street, Charing Cross ^elusive fee48.J;
Thomas Cook & Son, Ludgate Circus (fee Ss. ocf.); and Henry
Blacklock & Co. (^Bradshaw's Guides'; fee bs.}. Aii «xtra charge i«
made for each visa, should such be necessary.
Custom House formalities are now almost everywhere lenient.
As a rule, however, articles purchased during the journey, which
are not destined fox pdxsonal use, should be declared at the frontier.
IT. Boates from London to the Bhine.
Cologne^ as the focus of the Rhenish districts, i^ taken as the
goal of the under-noted routes ; but it will be easy to make the re-
quisite allowances if some other point be the tourist's destination.
— Luggage may be registered through to destination (booking- fee
4-6d. per package), but is examined at the frontier (see below).
Bicycles are registered as ordinary luggage for an extra fee of 5«. —
Second-class passengers may travel in the saloon of the steamers for
a small extra fee (from 2^. upwards). — Uniformed Interpreters
attend the Continental trains at the chief points of departure and
arrival. — German (Central Europe) time is 1 hr. ahead of Green-
wich time. — For fuller details as to hours of trains, sleeping car-
riages, station-omnibuses, etc., see the time-tables of the South
Eastern^ C^ot^om ^nd the Oreat Eastern Raiiways, Cook^s Continent
tal Time-'TahleSy or Brad^taw's Continental Railway Ouide.
a. Vii Ostend and (^heht.
IHiration of direct Journey 12-14 hrs. Through-fares, ist class 21. 14<.
6d., 2nd class il. 19<. 6d. ; return-fares H. i2i. tid., 3^ 1t. 2d. Extra-fare
on ^train de luxe' (10 a.m.) 10s. 6d. Charge for excess-luggage, ds. 3d. per
20 lbs. Return-tickets valid for 45 days.
South Eastbbn A Ouatham EailwaT from Charing Cross or Victoria
to (78 U.) Dover Pier in 2-21/2 hrs. — Stsames from Dover to (49 H.) Ostend
in 3-4 hrs. — Eailwat to (216 M.) Cologne via Brussels or vi& Malines
in 7-71/2 hrs.
Luggage is examined at BerbestJMl (p. S). Passengers by the morning
service may, on notice given to the conductor of tilie train at Ostend^
Bruges, or Ghent, obtain dinner-baskets at Malines (41/2 fr., wine included).
b. Vtik TlntUng.
Duration of journey 141/2-15 hrs. Through-fares 2Z. 7^ 8d. , il. 12<.;
return (available for 45 days) dl. iOs. 9d., 21. 7s. 3d. ; extra-fare on corridor^
train (*D' train) 2^. ; excess-luggage is. Id. per 20 lbs.
edbyCOOgle
RAILWAYS. XV
Baxlwat from Victoria, Holbom, or St. Pauf$ to (50 M.) Qutmboro Pimr
in 11/4-1 Vz hr. — Stbamkr from Que enboro to (120 M.) FUUMng in 7Vr8 \a%.
" Bailwat from Flashing to (20S M.) Cologne via Ytnlo in 7-8 hrs.
I<agg*e« examined at (?ocA (p. 58). Table dlidte on the day-steamer i».
Kestaorant-cars attached to the chief traiiu firom Flushinf .
0. Vi& Hoek Tan Holland.
Duration of journey 15 hrs. Fares 2<. 5f., II. 9<. lid.; return (45 days)
32. 7«. 6d., 22. 4<. 9d. ; extra-fare on *D^ or corridor train 2«. ; excess-luggage
U, 6<f. per 2Olb0.
Gbeat Eastbbn Rail WAT from Liverpool Street to (70i/t H.) Harwich in
IV2 hr. >- Steambb from Harwich to (i08 M.) Hoek van HoUand in 7 hr«.
— Railway from Hoek van Holland to (186 M.) Cologne^ Tii Rotterdam^
Jfymwegen^ and Venlo, in 6V« hrs.
Luggage examined at CUv^ (p. 58). Restaurant- car attached to the
boat-train from Hoek van Holland.
d. Yii Oalaia.
Duration of journey I8V2-I8 hrs. Fares 82. 4«. 9<l., 22. 6«. 4J.; return
(45 days) 52. lOi. 2<l.. 4/. 0«. 4d.; extra-fare on 'train de luxe' (9 a.m.) 13<.
Id. ; excess-luggage o*. 3<2. per 20 lbs.
Railway from Charing Crou^ Victoria^ or Cannon Street to (78 H.) Dover
Pier in 2-2V3 hrs. — Stxahxr from Dover to C^ H.) Calais in IV4-IV2 hr. —
Bailwat from Calais to Brussels and (229 M.) Cologne in 10-14 hrs.
Luggage examined at Herbesthal (p. 5). Best urant or dining cars attached
to the chief trains.
Y. Railways.
Railwats. Railway-travelling is cheaper in Germany than in
other parts of Eaxope, Belgium excepted, and the carriages are
generally clean and comfortable. Those of the second class, with
spring-seats, are sometimes nearly as good as the first in England.
The first-class carriages, lined with velvet, and comparatively little
used, are recommended to the lover of fresh air, as he will be more
likely to secure a seat next the window. The third-class travelling
community are generally quiet and respectable, and the carriages tol-
erably clean. On a few railways there is even a fourth class, without
seats. Smoking is permitted in all the carriages, except those 'Fur
Nioht-Raucher' and the coupes for ladies. The average fares for the
different classes are about 1^/4 c^., IVi^M ^^^ Vb^' P^' Engl. M.
respectively. The extra-charge for a seat In the D Corridor Trains
Is 1 Uf for any distance below 160 KU. (ca. 93 M.) and 2 J( for any
greater distance. The speed seldom exceeds 25 M. per hour. On
some of the lines 20-50 lbs. of luggage are free, in addition to
smaller articles carried in the hand, over- weight being charged for
at moderate rates ; but on many of the lines all luggage in the van
must be paid for. In all cases the heavier luggage must be booked,
and a ticket procured for it ; this being done, the traveller need not
enquire after his 'impedimenta' until he arrives and presents his
ticket at his final destination (where they will be kept in safe
custody, several days usually gratis). Where, however, a frontier
has to be crossed, the traveller should see his luggage cleared at the
custom-house in person. — Circular TiekeU for prolonged touis are
jOOgle
x^l STEAMBOATS.
Issued at oonsiderably reduced rates (see the ttme-tables), t)ut are
only partly ayailable for the Rhine steamers (see below). Ordinary
return-tickets are ayailable for one to three days. — At the larger
stations all information may be obtained from the uniformed PorUer,
VI. steamboats on the Khine.
Trayellers for pleasure should undoubtedly select the Rhine
steamers between Mayence and Cologne in preference to the rail-
way, in spite of the fact that their punctuality (especially in going
upstream) cannot be so implicitly depended on. The first steamer
came from London to Ooblenz in 1817. Regular service aboye
Cologne was instituted in 1827. The passenger-service is carried
on mainly by the united Cologne and DuMeldorf Companies^ the
steamers of the former having black, of the latter black-and-white
funnels. The admirable saloon-steamers of these companies ac-
complish the journey from Mayence to Cologne in 7^/4 hrs., and
that from Cologne to Mayence in 12^4 hrs., touching, in descend-
ing, at Biebrlch, Coblenz, and Bonn only; in ascending, at Bingen
also. The Netherlands Steam-Ship Co, (funnels black below and
white above), which formerly carried on a freight-service almost
exclusively, now also runs two saloon-steamers for passengers (piers
different from those of the other companies). These have the ad-
vantage for travellers to or from Rotterdam that no change of boat
is needed. The ordinary steamers stop at numerous small places
where passengers are landed in boats. The charge for landing or
embarking, including 100 lbs. of luggage, is 10 pf.
The fares are very moderate, those for voyages upstream being
one-sixth less than for those in the reverse dibrection. The express
fares are somewhat higher than the ordinary. The express-steamers
carry saloon-passengers only. Each passenger is allowed lOOlbs. of
luggage free. Additional advantages are offered by the issue of re-
turn-tickets, one class of which is valid for a week, another within
the current year. Railway Circular Tickets (see above), the so-
called 'Elective Railway Tickets* (WaUfreit EUenbahnkarten), and
the tickets issued by the usual tourists' agents are available for the
steamers between Cologne and Mayence, subject to conditions
printed on the tickets. It is important to note that in these cases
the train may be exchanged for the steamer, or vice verad^ only at
the terminal station in the coupon. Third-class passengers may
travel in the saloon on paying the difference to the purser ('Oon-
dukteur') on board.
Passengers embarking at stations with piers must take tickets at the
ofAce on shore, and those embarking at other stations should obtain them
from the parser immediately on going on board, as otherwise they may
be compelled to pay the flare from the steamer^s first point of departure.
The holder of a ticket worth 2 Jt and upwards is at liberty to break
his journey, provided he signify his intention to the purser before the
tickets are collected. If the journey be resumed at a station nearer the
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
STEAMBOATS.
x^li
Passenger's destination than that at which he disembarked, the ticket
ceases to he valid for the intervening stations. Tickets mnst also he
stamped ,at the office or by the conductor at the station where the journey
is returned; and the same regulation applies to return-tickets at the be-
ginning of the return-journey.
In autumn the steamers are often unpunctual in consequence of the
fogs which then prevail. At this season it is sometimes prudent to delay
taking tickets until the steamer is actually in sight.
Refreshments are provided on board the steamers, in the style of the
larger hotels. Table d'hdte on the German steamers at 1 o'clock 3 •#,
children half-price; ices 60 pf. extra. The vrines are made a special
feature in the commissariat.
Travellers starting at an early hour will find breakfast on board
pleasanter than a hurried meal before leaving their hotel. The waiters
occasionally offer worthless books , maps, and panoramas for sale at ex-
orbitant prices.
Fall of the Bhine.
Height above the level of the sea of —
Feet.
The Toma-See, source of the
Vorder-Bhein 7t»v
The Bheinwald Glacier, cra-
dle of the Hinter-Bhein . 7268
Tlie Lake of Constance . . 1306
The Bhine at B&le .... 803
Feet.
The Bhine at Mannheim .
. 280
„ „ „ Mayence . .
. 266
„ „ „ Coblenz . .
. 190
„ „ „ Cologne . .
. 142
r, n n DuSSCldorf .
. 78
. „ „ Emmerich .
. 38
At B&le. . .
0 Mannheim.
„ Mayence .
. Coblenz
Breadth of the Bhine.
Yards.
429
492
Yards.
At Bonn 632
„ Cologne 433
„ Diisseldorf 409
„ Schenkenschanz (Dutch front.) 909
Length of the Bhine.
From B&le to Kehl
„ Kehl to Mannheim
„ Mannheim to Mayence . . . '
y, Mayence to Bin gen
Engl. Miles.
. . 80
. . 82
. . 46V8
18Vt
Bingen to Coblenz 38Va
Coblenz to Cologne 69V2
Cologne to Dusseldori 841/r
Diisseldorf to Emmerich 66Vt
Emmerich to Briel (German Ocean) 101
B&le to the German Ocean 626
Average Depth of the Bhine. Feet.
Between B&le and Strassburg 8-12
„ Strassburg and Mayence 6-26
„ Mayence and Bonn 9-76
At the Lurlei 76
Between Bonn and Cologne 10-30
„ Cologne and Diisseldorf 12-66
Babdbkkr's Bhine. 15th Edit.
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Vn. Walking Excursions.
The pedestrian is anqnestionably tiie most independent of
travellers, and to Mm alone the beautiful scenery of some of the
more remote districts is accessible. For a short tour a couple of
flannel shirts, a pair of worsted stockings, slippers, the articles
of the toUet, a light waterproof, and a stout umbrella will generally
be found a sufficient equipment. Strong and well-tried boots are
essential to comfort. Heavy and complicated knapsacks should be
avoided; a light pouch or game-bag is far less irksome, and its
position may be shifted at pleasure. A more extensive reserve of
clothing should not exceed the limits of a small portmanteau, which
can be easily wielded, and may be forwarded from town to town
by post.
The banks of the Rhine abound in charming scenery , which it
will amply reward the pedestrian to explore ; many districts replete
with both historical and natural interest are described in the fol-
lowing pages. The following are especially recommended to the
notice of travellers : The Seven Mts. (R. 13), the Eifel (R. 26),
the banks of the Moselle (R. 25), the Taunus (R. 29), the Oden-
wald (R. 31), the Black Forest (R. 48), the Vosges (RR. 42, 44),
and the environs of Schaffhausen and Falls of the Rhine (R. 49). By
consulting the Handbook the traveller will discover many attractive
spots, both in these and other districts.
Vm. Cycling Notes.
Cycling is very prevalent in the Rhenish districts, and there are
suitable roads all the way from Holland to Bale and the Lake of
Constance. Among the most popular bits for wheeling are the left
bank of the Rhine from Bonn to Bingen, the Rheingau, the valley
of the Moselle, the road from Frankfort to Heidelberg, the Neckar
valley and the W. slopes of the Black Forest, and the roads skirting
the Haardt Mts. and the Yosges. Excursions in the Black Forest,
the Yosges, or other mountainous districts make considerable de-
mands on the strength and staying power of the rider, but some
delightful rides downhill may be begun at the highest-lying railway-
stations. Dangerous places are generally marked on the cycling
maps mentioned at p. xix, but the cyclist should always be careful
on roads unknown to him. Strong brakes and a good lamp for night-
riding are indispensable.
Some of the narrower and steeper streets in towns and villages
are apt to be closed to the cyclist, and restrictions are also often made
on the use of the wheel in public parks. In most cases a number-
plate has to be attached to the bicyle, and the police have the right
to demand the exhibition of the cyclist's club-ticket or passport. All
regulations of this kind are stringently enforced by ihe authorities.
Digitized by VjOOQ
HOTELS. xix
The rale of tlie road is to keep to tlie light in meeting, and to pass
on the left in overtaking. Led horses must be met and passed on
the side on which the man in charge is.
On the Prassian and Hessian State Railways uncrated bicycles are
carried as personal luggage when accompanied by the rider. The latter
has, however, to take a bicycle-ticket ('Fahrradkarte' -y price 50 pf.) and has
himself to take his wheel to and from the baggage-car. If carriages are
changed en route, he is also responsible for transferring his wheel from
one train to the other. Many express-trains (esp. the so-called D-trains,
p. xv) do not carry unpacked bicycles. — In Baden and the Bavarian
Palatinate the bicycle is given in charge of the baggage-master like ord-
inary luggage. In Alsace and German Lorraine special compartments are
provided for cyclists, with apparatus for suspending their machines.
The German steamers on the Rhine do not carry bicycles unless special
tickets have been taken at the agencies beforehand. Passengers have them-
selves to deposit their wheels in the steerage, where they are generally
left without anyone to look after them. The Dutch steamboat company
makes no charge for bicycles, and moreover provides stands for them on
the main deck.
The best Cyeling Maps of the Bhenish districts are those issued by
L. Ravenstein of Frankfort for Wiesbaden and neighbourhood (4 J(). the
Environs of Frankfort (3 Jf), Starkenburg (Valley of the Rhine, Odenwald,
A Spessart; 4 JT), Upper Hesse (4 Jf), and the Bavarian Palatinate &
Rhenish Hesse (4 Jf). — A series of cheaper maps (IV2 Uf each) for Central
Europe is issued by Liebenoto and Ravenstein of Leipsic. Those available
for visitors to the Rhine are Nos. 84 (Cologne), 86 (Wetzlar), 98 (Prixm),
99 (Frankfort), 112 (Treves), 113 (Mannheim), 127 (Strajssburg), 140 (Colmar),
and 141 (Freiburg). — The German volume of the Continental Road Book
of the Cyclists' Touring Club (price 6s.) will be found useful.
No duty is levied at the frontier on bicycles accompanied by their
riders, but a charge of 8-10 Jf is made on crated machines, if they
look new.
IX. Hotels.
The first-class hotels in the principal towns and watering-places
throughout (Germany are generally good and somewhat expensive ;
but it frequently happens that in old-fashioned hotels of unassum-
ing exterior, particularly in places off the beaten track , the travel-
ler finds more real comfort and much lower charges.
The average charges in the first-class hotels are as follows : room
(including light and attendance) 3-5 jjf, plain breakfast 1-1 V2 *^i
dinner 3-5 uff, pension (i.e. board and lodging) 6-10 Jf. In some
of the most luxurious^ houses, and for extra accommodation, the
charges are considerably higher. When not otherwise indicated,
R. (room) in the Handbook is used to include light (L.) and atten-
dance (A.).
When the traveller remains for a week or more at a hotel, it Is
advisable to pay , or at least call for his account every two or three
days, in order that erroneous insertions may be detected. Verbal
reckonings are objectionable , except in some of the more remote
and primitive districts where bills are never written. A waiter's
mental arithmetic is faulty , and the faults are seldom in favour
of the traveller. A favourite practice is to present the bill at the
last moment, when mistakes or wilful imposition cannot easily
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
XX CLIMATE.
be detected or rectified. Those who purpose starting early in the
morning will do well to ask for their bills on the preyions evening.
English travellers often impose considerable trouble by ordering
things almost unknown in German usage ; and if ignorance of the
language be added to want of conformity to the customs, mis-
understandings and disputes are apt to ensue. The reader is there-
fore recommended to acquire if possible such a moderate proficiency
in the language as to render him intelligible to the servants, and to
endeavour to adapt his requirements to the habits of the country.
For this purpose Baedeker's Manual of Conversation (3 JK) and
Baedeker's Chnversation Dictionary (in four languages ; 3 Jf') will
be found useful.
X. Climate. Grape Core.
The climate of W. Germany is influenced by the comparative
proximity of the North Sea, which renders the temperature remark-
ably mild. While the annual mean temperature in E. Germany is
only about 42-48° Fahr., in the valley of the Rhine it rises to over
51** (Cologne 60.2°, Coblenz 50.9°, Heidelberg 51.4°). Thus, owing
to the early springs and the long warm autumns, a tour in the
Rhenish provinces is still enjoyable at a season when the Alps and
the mountainous districts of Central Germany are beginning to feel
the frosts of the coming winter. This geniality of climate is also
very favourable to the ripening of the grapes ; and hence it is that
the ^Orape Cure\ a very popular continental institution, long
established in Southern Tyrol and on the banks of the Lake of
Geneva, has been introduced into the Rhenish Provinces also.
Grapes when eaten in moderate quantity (1-2 lbs. daily) have
a soothing effect on the mucous membrane, and in conjunction
vfith a generous diet contribute materially to restore the strength
of convalescents. When eaten in greater quantities (3-8 lbs. daily),
the vegetable acid and salts produce an effect similar to that of
mineral waters containing Glauber's or common salt. The grapes
of the Rhenish Palatinate ('Gutedel' or 'Junker', and 'Oester-
reicher' or 'Sylvaner') are large, thin-skinned, and well-flavoured,
and hence this district is the centre of the 'Cure'. Oleisweiler
(p. 290) is especially frequented on account of its favourable
situation and the proximity of the vineyards, in which visitors
may gather the grapes for themselves. The grapes of Vurkheim
(p. 287), Edenkoben (p. 290), and Neustadt (p. 288) are also in great
request. Good dessert-grapes may, however, be procured almost
everywhere on the Rhine, and the grape-cure may be undergone
at Konigswinter, Honnef, Boppard^ St, Ooarshausen^ Assmanns'^
hausenj Wiesbaden , Badenweiler^ and numerous other summer-
resorts.
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xxl
XI. Wines of the Ehine and Moselle.
While the palm must be yielded to France for her red wines,
no country in the world can compete with the Rhenish Provinces in
the vast variety and excellence of the white wines which they
produce. On the banks of the Rhine from Mayence to Bonn, a dis-
tance of 90 M. , the cultivation of the vine may be seen in the
greatest possible perfection.
No error has been more prevalent than that the Rhenish and
Moselle wines possess an injurious acidity. Liebig on the contrary
affirms, not only that the exquisite bouquet of the Rhine wines
is owing to the free acid which they contain, but that some of
their most salutary properties arise from the tartar present in them.
To this he attributes the immunity enjoyed by those who use the
German wines from the uric acid diathesis. Many others who have
investigated the subject entertain the same opinion. Another ad-
vantage possessed by Rhenish wines is the total absence of brandy,
an ingredient with which the wines of Spain, Portugal, and Sicily
are almost invariably fortified, to the utter destruction of their
flavour, and the injury of the health of the consumer. The diseases
which attack spirit-drinkers, chiefly disorders of the liver, are com-
monly met with amongst consumers of fortified wines, though such
maladies rarely follow even the intemperate use of pure wine. That
the addition of alcohol to wine is unnecessary for its preservation is
proved by the fact that Rhine wines often retain their excellence
for half-a-century, although they seldom contain more than eight
or nine per cent of alcohol. The very property of keeping is indeed
mainly attributable to the fact that the fermentation is more per-
fect in Rhenish wines than in those of Spain and Portugal, where
fermentation is checked by the addition of brandy. With the white
wines of France the same object is effected by sulphuration. By
these processes the richness and sweetness of new wine are artific-
ially and un wholesomely retained.
The traveller who finds the table-wine of the hotels unpala-
table, and whose eye wanders in bewilderment over the *Wein-
karte', is recommended to select a bottle of still Hock or Moselle
at 3-4 M per bottle, at which price the taste ought t(T be grati-
fied. The hotel-prices of the high-class still wines , as well as of
the sparkling wines, are often exorbitant.
The Bheingan, a district about 15 M. in length, produces the
finest wines of the Rhine. Here is situated Schlosa Johannisberg,
a most favoured spot, yielding a wine almost without rival. As the
celebrated vineyards do not exceed 55 acres in area, little of this
rare product falls to the share of the ordinary public. Moreover the
first quality is only obtained in the finest seasons; the grapes
are selected with the utmost care from the ripest bunches, not
a drop of the precious juice being allowed to escape ; the yield.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
xxii WINE.
under the most favourable circumstances, is therefore very limited.
The various qualities of this wine are sold in the cask at Sohloss
Johannisberg by public auction. It is remarkable for ra^lness, de-
licacy of flavour, and bouquet, rather than for strength. The other
wines of the vicinity, distinguished by the name of Johannisberg -
Klaus, and those yielded by the vineyards of Count Schonborn, are
also highly esteemed. There is also ' Johannisberger' produced from
the vineyards of the village of that name, but this is inferior to
many of the other products of the Rheingau. In this neighbour-
hood &Te Riidesheim and Geisenheim, both producing first-class wines.
Bingen is a favourable district for strong wines ; the hill behind it
yields Scharlachherger (see below). Below Bingen, on the opposite
bank, is Assmannshausen, the red wine of which holds a high rank
and in good vintages vies with Burgundy of the best class, being made
from the same species of grape ; but unfortunately, like the latter, it
is often impaired by travelling. The Marcobrunn vineyard, between
Hattenheim and Erbach, produces a white wine of exquisite flavour
and bouquet. The wines, however, which compete most successfully
with Johannisberger and trench closely upon its celebrity, are the
Steinbergetj produced from the carefully-cultivated vineyards on the
hill at the back of Hattenheim, and the Bauenthaler Berg (p. 142),
the best vintages of which are unsurpassed in flavour and quality.
Hochheim, situated on the Main, yields a wine of very superior
quality, and has given the name of 'Hook' to the produce of the
country generally.
The Valley of the Bhine below Bingen produces many pleasant
and wholesome wines, but inferior to the above. Those of Lorch,
Engholl, Steeg, Oberwesel, and Boppard may be mentioned among
the white. The Rheinbleicherte (i.e. 'bleich rothe', or pale red) of
Steeg, Oberwesel, and Bacharach, and the light-red wines of Salzig,
Camp, Horchheim, the Kreuzberg (near Ehrenbreitstein), and Vrbar
are also esteemed. Most of the wines grown below Coblenz are light-
red. Linz produces excellent Rheinbleicherte.
Bhenish Bavaria yields a vast quantity of white wine, gener-
ally known as wine of the Haardt, or Palatinate. The best
qualities are those of Ruppertsberg , Deidesheim, and Forst, after
which rank those of Vngstein, Durkheim, Wachenheirrij and Konigs-
bach. Good red wines are grown at Gimmeldingen and Callstadt. The
inferior wines of this district usually have a coarse, earthy flavour.
Bhenish Hesse produces the excellent Scharlachberger above
mentioned, next to which rank Niersteiner, Oppenheimer, Lau-
benheimer, and Bodenheimer, all pleasant wines, but less delicate
than those of the Rheingau. Liebfrauenmilch (*Lait de Notre Dame')
is a good sound wine which owes much of its reputation to the su-
perior wines sold under that name, and to the quaintness of the
name itself. The vineyards where it is grown (p. 285) are incapable
of producing a tenth part of the wine usually so called. The flat
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
WINE. xxiii
vineyards of Ingelheim between Mayence and Bingen yield a good
light-ied wine.
The Nalie wines, like those of the Palatinate, possess considerable
body, but little flavour. That of the Scharlachberg near Bingen is
sometimes classed as a Nahe wine, and is the best of this group.
The Valley of the Ahr is the most northern point at which the
grape is successfully cultivated. Its light and wholesome *Ahr-
hleicherte^ are chiefly consumed in the neighbourhood of their growth.
They are strengthening and astringent in their properties, and
resemble Burgundy of an inferior class. The best are those of
Walporzheimf Ahrweilerj and Bodendorf,
The Moselle wines are chiefly grown amidst rugged and sterile-
looking slate rocks, and are distinguished by their delicate, aromatic
flavour, though the inferior varieties are apt to be rather acid in
bad years. They are considered remarkably wholesome, being fre-
quently recommended to persons of sedentary habits. The best are
Braunebergetj Ohligshergef, and BemcasteUr Doctor^ which possess
a delicious ^bouquet' ; and next to these may be placed the wines of
Zeltingeny Oraach, Pisport, and Orunhaus,
The Siuur wines possess even less body than those of the Moselle,
but surpass them in aroma. Scharzhofberger is a most excellent
wine of this district.
Markgr&fler, the wine of the Duchy of Baden (Affenthal red,
Klingenhcrg white), the wines of Alsace» the Neekar wines, and
those of the Bergstrasse are almost entirely consumed in their re-
spective districts.
The difference which exists among the products of the various
vintages on the Rhine presents a marked contrast to the tolerably
uniform quality maintained by the wines of Southern Europe. The
best wine-years of the nineteenth century in the Rhinegau were
1806, 1811, 1822, 1834, 1846, 1867, 1862, 1865, 1868, 1893, and
1895; and good average vintages occurred in 1801, 1802, 1804,
1807, 1815, 1818, 1819, 1825-27, 1831, 1835, 1848, 1855, 1868,
1869, 1861, 1884, 1886, 1889, 1892, and 1897. But even in these
years the yield was by no means uniformly excellent in all parts of
the Rhiueland. The climatic conditions are not the same in all the
districts ; different years seem to suit the different kinds of vine ;
and the vineyards in the most favoured positions, where the grapes
ripen soonest, often suffer the most severely from the early spring
frosts. In a full *autumn', which is hardly ever attained, a 'morgen'
(about 8/g acre) of land, with 3500-4000 vines, should yield 5 'ohm*
(about 150 gallons) of wine.
Many of the inns on the Middle and Upper Rhine (especially in the
imaDer towns) have wine on draught, which, though not entered on the
wine-list, is frequently better than the cheaper wines in bottle.
Sparkling Wines. The effervescing German wines were first
manufactured at Esalingen (in 1826), Heilbronn, Wurzburg^ and
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
xiiv RHENISH ART.
Mayence, and afterwards at Treves, Coblenz^ aad various other
places. These wines, generally known in England as Sparkling
Hock and Moselle, are distinguished from the French wines by the
predominance of the flavour of the grape , and when obtained in
unexceptionable quarters, are a light, pleasant, and wholesome
beverage.
The process is precisely the same as that employed in the preparation
of Champagne. The wine (which at the outset is an ordinary still wine,
worth is. or is. 6d. per bottle) is bottled after the first fermentation is over \
and, by the addition of a small quantity of sugar and exposure to a mod-
erately warm temperature, a second fermentation and the generation of
carbonic acid are produced. The bottles are then placed on racks with
their corks downwards, where they remain a month or more, and are
opened several times to allow the escape of the sediment. At this stage of
the process as many as 20-26 per cent of the hotties usually burst, while
the contents of the survivors are much diminished. When the wine has
thus been thoroughly clarified, the bottles are filled up, a small quantity
of syrup (cognac and sugar) is added to give the requisite sweetness and
body, and the final corking then takes place. The sparkling wine thus
laboriously prepared for the market is worth more than double the original
still wine from which it is manufactured. The inferior qualities are gener-
ally the most effervescent.
The traveller is cautioned against dealing with any but the most
respectable wine-merchants , and should remember that excellence
of quality is quite incompatible with lowness of price. As a pleasant
and wholesome summer-beverage the Rhenish wines of the second
and third class may be imported at a moderate price, the duty
and carriage amounting to 4-58. per dozen ; but the higher class of
Rhine- wine, of which Marcobrunner may be taken as a sample,
cannot be drunk in England under five or six shillings a bottle.
XII. Bhenish Art.
In the valley of the Rhine we find that several different strata
of civilisation , if we may use the expression , had deposited them-
selves ere the rest of Germany had abandoned its primitive forest
life. The lowest of these strata, were a section of them exhibited
in geological fashion, would show an ante-Roman period, when the
natives carried on a busy trade with the Mediterranean seaports and
with Etruria. After Cesar's campaigns a new stratum was gradually
formed by the occupation of the country by Roman military colo-
nists. This stratum was afterwards sadly contorted and broken by
the storms of the barbarian migrations , and was at length almost
entirely covered by that of the Frankish-Christian period, which
began in the 7th century.
On Rhenish soil antiquarians will find frequent opportunities
of tracing back the history of human culture to its earliest begin-
nings, while the Roman relics are so numerous and important as to
arrest the eye of even the superficial observer. The Peutinger
Tabula , the mediaeval copy of a Roman map , now preserved at
Vienna, shows the principal towns on the Rhine and also on the
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
BHENISH ART. xxv
tributaries of its left side, together with the roads connecting them,
and even the baths and other public buildings with which they
were embellished. The Roman colonies on the Rhine, being chiefly
the headquarters of the different legions , always presented a mili-
tary character. Most of the existing monuments are accordingly
TOtive stones and tombstones of soldiers. The artistic forms are,
as a rule , somewhat primitive , while the subjects are frequently
borrowed from the Oriental worship of Mithras. We also find that
in some cases Gallic deities have been Romanised. The principal
collections of Roman antiquities are at Bonny Cologne, Wiesbaden,
Carlaruhe, Mannheim, Speyer, Mayence, and Treves, At Treves,
moreover , we obtain an admirable idea of the character of a very
important Roman provincial town.
Treves, the capital of Germania Inferior , and for a considerable
time an imperial residence , did not merely possess buildings of
practical utility like most of the other colonies, but was also embel-
lished with some of the noblest decorative Roman structures ever
erected north of the Alps. On the banks of the Moselle also, outside
the town, rose along series of viUas, many of which were richly de-
corated with mosaics. Before the decline of the Roman supremacy
Chiustianity established itself on the banks of the Rhine , but
no churches of the earliest Christian epoch are now extant. The
only relics of that period are the nucleus of the cathedral of Treves,
a number of tombstones at Treves, and several monumental in-
scriptions, such as that in the porch of St. Gereon at Cologne.
In consequence of the barbarian migrations, the Roman-Christian
culture was afterwards almost completely buried beneath a new
stratum of German paganism, and the vast valley of the Rhine
relapsed into its primitive rudeness, although at Cologne and Treves
the arts were not entirely extinct. The Austrasian princes, however,
were munificent patrons of the church, and the Bishops of Treves
and Cologne (^Nicetius and Charentinus, about the middle of the 6th
cent.} distinguished themselves by their zeal for church-building.
The artistic efforts of the Merovingian period, of which a few
traces only are left , as in the Cathedral at Treves, appear to have
been very insignificant compared with those of Charlemagne's reign
(768-814). In the prosecution of his numerous undertakings the
great emperor was not merely stimulated by his zeal for the promo-
tion of art, but by his ardent desire to revive the ancient glory of
the Roman empire and to invest his capital with all the splendour of
the ancient imperial residences, and particularly that of Ravenna.
The Carlovingian art was entirely centred around the court of the
emperor, and he was personally attended by a circle of scholars
called his academy. Among the members of the academy was
Eginhard, who in consequence of his surname Bezaleel has been
supposed to have been familiar with art , but of whose labours in
that sphere nothing certain is known. To him is attributed the
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
xxTi RHBNISH ART.
building of tbe Pcdaee Chapel at Aix-la-Chapelle (now the Caih»
edral^ which is still in comparatiyely good preservation. It is ob-
viously a copy of the court-chapel at Ravenna (San Yitale) , but
has been more judiciously and articulately designed, and has in its
turn served as a model for later edifices, for which either its ground-
plan (as at Ottmarsheim in Alsace), or its double row of columns in
the interior of the rotunda (as in the case of St Maria im Capitol
at Cologne and the Minster at Essen')^ has been borrowed.
The magnificence of the palaces which the great emperor pos-
sessed on the banks of the Rhine was a favourite theme with the
poets and prose-writers of the day. According to their accounts the
Palace at Ingelheim was not inferior in splendour to that of Aix-la-
Chapelle itself , but of that edifice there is now no trace beyond a
few fragments of walls and of columns which have been transferred
to other buildings. The same variety of capitals is also seen in the
Church of 8t. Justin at Hochst am Main founded under Abp. Otgar
of Mayence (826-847). — During the later Garlovingian period the
Rhineland again suffered severely from an irruption of barbarians.
At this period the Normans took possession of the banks of the
river and penetrated into its side- valleys ; but civilisation was now
too far advanced to be seriously retarded by this catastrophe.
Endowed with a rich art -heritage handed down by antiquity,
the Rhenish-Frankish tribes gradually overspread the country after
the middle of the 10th cent. , from which period down to the Re-
formation the development of Rhenish art is traceable without in-
terruption.
In the Eably Middlb Aass (10th-12th cent.) Rhenish art
differed materially from that of most other parts of Germany in
being the product of an already cultivated soil, where ancient
models were abundant , while in these other districts it was the
growth of a soil previously untiUed. On the banks of the Rhine
were preserved fragments of Roman and early-Christian edifices ;
there the eye was familiar with architectural forms and mouldings ;
in the Rhenish towns were always to be found artificers possessed
of considerable manual skill; and owing to the constant com-
munication kept up with foreign places skilled labour could always
be readily imported when necessary. Rhenish art was thus matured
considerably earlier than that of Lower Saxony and Swabia. At
the same time the features common to the whole of early mediaBval
art in the west recur in that of the Rhine also. The forms of
worship having been well defined in the early-Christian period,
the churches all present a certain uniformity of appearance. Like
the early-Christian basilicas, the Rhenish churches of the 10th-
12th cent, are of an elongated form ; they possess aisles which are
lower and narrower than the nave ; the altar is placed at the round-
ed extremity of the nave ; and on the whole the basilica type is
preserved throughout.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
RHENISH ART. xxtU
The Rhenish edifices also possess the characteristics of the
Bomaneique Style , which are common to the great majority of
works of the 10th-i2th centuries. In this style the pillars and
columns are connected by means of round arches, the doors and
windows also terminate in round arches , ^nd the naves and aisles
are either covered with flat roofs or with groined vaulting of round-
ed form. The Cubical Capital , which was probably invented by
mediaeval architects for the purpose of forming a harmonious con-
necting Hnk between the column and the arch above , is also used
in the Rhineland , and the copings and mouldings of the Rhenish
buildings are the same as those employed in the contemporaneous
edifices of Western Europe. The Rhenish architecture, however, oc-
cupies an independent position of its own within the Romanesque
group. The character of the building-material (red sandstone or
tufa) , local traditions , and the prevalent taste of the period all
combine to impart to the Rhenish buildings a distinctive character
which seldom or never recurs in other countries. At an early period
the use of alternate courses of different colours came into vogue.
Thus we find arches faced with stone alternating with light-coloured
brick , the latter material having been taken from Roman ruins ;
and when the architects had exhausted their supply of bricks , the
art of making which was unknown in Germany in the early 'middle
ages , they produced the same effect by the use of dark and light
coloured stones. The copings on pillars and walls were generally
copied from Roman models , and the ancient Corinthian Capitals ,
formed of a wreath of leaves, were imitated with varying success
(as, indeed, had also been the case in the Garlovingian epoch).
The long-established practice of art, and the wealth which the
Rhenish towns succeeded in amassing at an early period, enabled
them gradually to extend the dimensions of their churches , to
develop the construction of vaulting earlier than elsewhere , and
to impaTt to their buildings a picturesque richness of effect. —
The same conditions were likewise favourable to the development
of the Goldsmith's Art, and that of Enamel Painting. The
Rhinelanders also attained considerable proficiency in Mubal
Painting at an early period , but for the plastic art they displayed
less aptitude.
As early as the lith cent, the practice of art and of artistic
handicrafts seems to have become naturalised in the Rhenish towns
and in those of Lorraine. In all the larger towns extensive building
operations were undertaken , and at the same time a number of
handsome abbey-churches sprang up. At Strassburg ^csXtedial was
erected by Bishop Werner; at Cologne the archbishops Herihert and
Anno exhibited much zeal for church-building ; and at Treves the
cathedral was extended by Poppo. The grandest monuments of
German mediaeval art , however , are the three Cbntbal Rhbnish
Cathbdbals of Mayence, Speyer, and Worms, examples of the
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
xxvlll RHENISH ART.
golden prime of a style which began and also ended earlier here
than in other northern districts. It was not tiU the Qothic period
that France and England fully realised their architectural ideals,
while the independent exertions of German masters had already
culminated in their Romanesque cathedrals. It has frequently
been asserted that these cathedrals originally possessed flat roofs
only , and were not covered with vaulting till the i2th cent. ; but
recent researches prove that the vaulting of Mayence Cathedral dates
from immediately after 1081 , when the older wooden roof was de-
stroyed by flre. It is also probable that the nave of Speyer Cath-
edral, in spite of its gigantic proportions, also received a stone vault-
ed roof soon after 1097. The charming Abbey Church of Loach proves
that vaulted churches were easily and skilfully constructed in the
first half of the 12th cent., notwithstanding the novelty of the style.
While the pillars of this church are of uniform pattern and are
placed at considerable intervals, those of the Central Rhenish ca-
thedrals are placed much closer together, and those which bear the
vaulting are differently shaped from those supporting the arcades.
Towards the end of the 12th cent., and for a considerable part
of the 13th, CoLooNB was the chief cradle of Rhenish art. The sa-
credness of the city as the custodian of the highly revered relics of
the Magi, combined with the wealth and the political power of its
enterprising citizens, not only led to the rebuilding of all the prin-
cipal churches at this period, but was conducive to the general pro-
gress of architecture, and contributed to impart a rich and pictur-
esque decorative character to the city itself. The architects do not
seem to have aimed at grandeur of dimensions. The naves of the
churches are usually small and insignificant , but the builders ex-
pended their utmost skill on the embellishment of the choirs. The
apse, in combination with the rounded transepts , was regarded as
the nucleus of the church , the other distinctive features of which
consisted of the gable of the choir, the dome, and the towers. As an
example of the picturesque effect of this arrangement we may men-
tion the Church of the Apostles at Cologne when viewed from the
Neumarkt. At the same time variety of ornament , richness of ar-
ticulation, and pleasing effects of colour were also studied. Immed-
iately under the roof runs a gallery , which is of some structural
importance inasmuch as it lessens the dead weight of the wall, but
is also effective in a decorative point of view as the small columns
stand out in strong contrast to the dark background. Generally,
indeed, the Rhenish masters appear to have devoted much attention
to such effects of light and shade. Under the gallery runs a frieze
consisting of dark slabs framed with light-coloured stone ; the col-
umns and half-columns are of a different material from the walls ;
and even the pilasters are composed of differently-coloured stones.
In keeping with this picturesque character is the richness of the
ornamentation. The architects were not satisfied with straight and
:«dbyGOOg
RHENISH ART. xxix
simple lines. Their windows are either ronnd or fan-shaped y and
they are disposed in groups or enclosed within a pointed arch. The
portals consist of archways resting on several columns ; the space
above the doors is filled with sculpture ; and the facade is enlivened
with narrow pillars and entwined arches. ^Buildings of this char-
acter, whioh are typical of the Rhineland, and occur in almost every
town of any importance, are usually described as belonging to the
Transitional Style, as if the forms recurring in them were iden-
tical with those which pave the way for the Gothic. The term,
however, is entirely misapplied, as it is impossible in the rich and
handsome Rhenish churches of the i2th and beginning of the 13th
cent, to discover the slightest germ of the Gothic style. The style
may, however, be appropriately characterised as the final and most
ornate manifestation of Romanesque architecture, a definition which
is borne out by the general tendencies of Rhenish art. As an auxil-
iary of this style we may now mention the art of Mubal Painting,
which was developed at an unusually early period. Most of these
paintings were unfortunately covered with whitewash at a later pe-
riod, but those still existing (at Sehwan-Rheindorf, opposite Bonn,
the paintings of which resemble a symbolic poem , at Brauweiler
near Cologne, in 8t. Maria im Capitol at Cologne, etc.) exhibit a
rich and thoughtful style of composition, and show that the painters
were skilled in drawing and even in the delineation of complicated
action. We cannot with any certainty judge of the colouring , but
we at least possess sufficient materials to warrant the inference that
the art of wall-painting was industriously practised on the banks of
the Rhine as early as the second half of the i2th century.
This prevalent branch of the Romanesque style, with its highly
developed ornamentation, was not hastily abandoned by the Rhenish
masters, and it was not tiU about the year 1250 that the Oothio
Style, introduced firom France, was completely nationalised in this
part of Germany. The precise manner in which the Gothic archi-
tecture, with its spirited flying buttresses, lofty vaulting, and other
members relieving the monotony of the walls , was introduced into
the valley of the Rhine is unknown ; but it was probably adopted
simultaneously at several different points. At Cologne we observe
in the church of St. Oereon an attempt to apply the new precepts to
the old forms, and in the church of the Minorites we have a some-
what plain example of Gothic dating from the middle of the 13th
century. In the Liehfrauen-Kirche at Treves the Gothic forms were
successfully adapted at an early period to an unusual ground-plan.
The Cistercian Church at Marienstati in Nassau is a fine example of
the early-Gothic style, destitute as yet of all ornamentation, and to
the same style belong the church of Rufach in Alsace and the west-
em parts of 8t, Thomas at Strassburg. In the second half of the
13th cent, began the construction of the great Gothic Cathbdbals.
Those of Cologne &nd Mei% were designed entirely in the Gothic
Digitized by VjOOQ
XXX RHENISH ART.
style, while at Strassburg and Freiburg the earlier Romanesqae be-
ginnings were adapted to the new Gothic work. Goethe has con-
tributed much to immortalise the name of Erwin of J^tdnbachy who
is usually described as the originator of Strassburg Minster, but that
master's actual share of the work seems to have been limited to the
W. facade. The masters of the Strassburg as well as of the
Cologne cathedral must have been thoroughly conversant with the
details of French Gothic, but they were very far from being mere
mechanical copyists. The facade at Cologne and the tower at
Strassburg are entirely emanations of German imagination. In
order, however, to convince himself of the independence of the
German masters of the Gk>thlc style the traveller must not confine
his attention to the great cathedrals. Among the Smallbb Gothic
Chubches he will discover frequent proofs of originality and not
a few gems of architecture. Among these smaller churches we
may mention the grave and dignified Abbey Church of Altenberg,
near Cologne, and the Collegiate Chureh of Xanten , erected under
the influence of Cologne masters ; the superb Church of St. Cath-
arine at Oppenheim and the ponderous Cathedral of Frankfort on the
Central Rhine ; and lastly , in Alsace , the Chureh of 8t. Oeorge at
Schlettstadtj the Church of 88. Peter and Paul at Weissenburg, the
church of Nieder-Haslach y and that of Tftarm, with its graceful
tower. The numerous churches of the Mendicant and Dominican
orders, some of which have nave and aisles of equal height, are gen-
erally too plain and monotonous to arouse much general interest.
The highest efforts of the Gothic architects in Ais part of Ger-
many were devoted to the building of churches , but the Rhenish
districts also contain Sbculab Edieioiis , including castles , town-
halls , guild-houses , and private mansions , which present Gothic
forms or at least Gothic characteristics.
The eye, however, is less frequently struck by buildings of this
class than by the churches, partly because well-preserved examples
are now comparatively rare, and partly because in secular archi-
tecture generally there is usually less room for marked changes of
style. Throughout the whole of the middle ages the dwelling-houses,
for example, were constructed of timber, and the character of their
ornamentation was rather determined by the nature of the material
than by the fashion of the day. Even in the case of the stone
houses the projecting upper stories frequently recall the style of
their wooden predecessors. The architectural character of the
palaces, chateaux, and castles, on the other hand , was necessarily
determined by military considerations. As the requirements of both
defensive and offensive operations were almost equally important
during the 11th cent, and again during the 13th, the cMteaux and
castles retained the same forms for several centuries. Of Barba-
rossa*s residence at Oelnhauseny an imperial palace of the Roman-
esque period, there still exist considerable ruins. Th^ palace of the
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
RHENISH ART. xxxl
Sftme empeioT at Hagenau (1157) was entirely destroyed during
the TMrty Years' War. Among tlie medisval Castles those of
Alsace are very numerous and important. The most considerable
are the three Castles of Rappoltsweilerj that of Hoh-Barr near Za-
bem (1170), the Hoh-Konigsbwg^ the Wasenburg^ near Nieder-
bronn, and the Lichtenherg near Neuweiler, the last three belonging
to the Gothic period. Most of the hills on the banks of the Rhine
and its tributaries are also crowned with the ruins of medisBval
castles, or others rebuilt in their original style. In most cases the
pinnacled B4rgfried, or keep, which was used both for purposes of
attack and defence, is still standing; remains of the Palas, or
dwelling-house, are also frequently preserved ; and in many cases
the outworks, gateways, and towers by which the approach to the
castle was protected are still traceable. These ruins, however, which
impart so picturesque a charm to the scenery of the Rhine, rarely
possess much artistic value. The most interesting of the Rhenish
castles is that of Reiehenbergj neat St. Goarshausen, with its three
stories borne by columns.
The Gothic architecture is also notable for the richness of its
Plastic Oknambntation. The portals and the various niches
and canopies are generally filled with statues, and the gables and
other parts of the building adorned with reliefs. The finest speci-
mens of Gothic statuary are to be seen on the Portals of the Lieb-
frauen^Kirche at Treves and the Cathedrals of Strassburg and Frei-
burg, The Statues of the Apostles in the choir of the Cologne Cath-
edral also afford evidence that the Gothic sculpture was sometimes
richly c(doured. The same cathedral also contains the Monument
of Archbishop Conrad von Hochstaden^ the finest specimen of bronze
statuary of the Gothic period. The numerous tombstones of that
period must also be examined by the student of the progress of
Gothic sculpture, such as those of ArchbisJiop Siegfried, Peter Aspelt,
and Johann von Nassau j in the Cathedral of Mayence, and those of
ijHiniher von Schwarxburg and Johann von Holzhausen and his Wife
In the Cathedral of Frcmkfort. The best examples of late-Gothic
sculpture, which afterwards degenerated into a mere handicraft, are
to be found in the altars of carved wood.
Throughout the middle ages, however, Rhenish artists evinc-
ed more aptitude for the art of Paintino than for that of sculpture.
The stained glass at Strassburg, Cologne, and Oppenheim, and the
remains of 14th cent, mural paintings at Cologne are not less val-
uable than the easel-pictures of the 15th cent, which are still pre-
served.
The CoLOONB School op Paintino was the first of those which
attained to any celebrity on German soil. The earliest master of
the school known to us by name is Meister Wilhelm, who flourished
at the end of the 14th cent., and from whose brush we possess
one authentic work in the faded mural paintings of th^ Hansa-Saal
Digitized by VjOOQ •
xxxii RHENISH ART.
in the Ratlilians of Cologne (now preserved in the Wallraf-Richartz
Museum). A numher of easel-pieces are attrihuted to him with
little or no foundation. There is, however, hotter authority for
attributing to MeUter Stephan Lochner the execution of the Dom'
hildj the finest German painting of the 15th century. This master,
who was a native of the district of Constance, and died in 1451,
has been successful in substituting figures of considerable spirit
and life for the traditional types of his predecessors , with their
emaciated arms , their undeveloped busts , and their childish ex-
pression of countenance, but he has failed to take the next step to-
wards fidelity to nature by omitting to individualise his characters.
His female figures are aU exactly alike, and his male figures, though
divided into young and old, are also destitute of distinctive charac-
ter. In his treatment of the drapery, weapons, gold trinkets, and
all other external accessories, however, Meister Stephan cannot be
reproached with the fault of monotony ; in executing these details
he is scrupulously faithful to nature , and his task was doubtless
facilitated by his occasional use of the newly-invented art of oil-
painting. The Dombild, the Madonna wiih the VioleU (preserved
in the Archiepiscopal Museum), and the Madonna in the Arbour of
Roses (in the Museum) are the most important works of this school,
the career of which somewhat resembled that of the early-Flemish
school under the leadership of Hubert van Eyck. The Rhenish mas-
ters, however, were soon surpassed by their Flemish contemporaries,
and ere long entirely lost their independence. About the end of
the 15th cent, the art of painting in the Rhineland was at length
thoroughly pervaded with Flemish influence. The new style, how-
ever, was least successfully imitated on the Lowot Rhine, and
particularly at Cologne. A number of pictures of the end of the 15th
and beginning of the 16th cent., mostly found in churches of Co-
logne, have been collected by the brothers Boisser^e, Hr. Wallraf,
and others. The drawing is stiff, the colouring gaudy, and the ex-
pression harsh. These works are generally classed in accordance
with their subjects; and we thus frequently hear of the 'Master of
the Lyversberg Passion', the 'Master of the St. Bartholomew', and
other equally vague designations. The historian of art will find
abundant opportunity of studying this school in the Wallraf-Riohartz
Museum of Cologne. One of the best masters of the Lower Rhine
was Jan Joest of Calcar, who painted the high-altar-piece in the
principal church there about 1505. Portrait -painting was also
practised with some success at this period by Barthel de Bruyn,
Johann von Mehlem, and others.
The Uppbb Rhenish and Albmannian School op Paintino
had a more prosperous career than the Lower Rhenish. The masters
of this school also succumbed to Flemish influence, but they suc-
ceeded in making a better use of what they had learned in the
Netherlands. At the head of the school was Martin Schongauer of
Digitized by VjOOQ
RHENISH ART. xxxiil
Golmar (d. 1488), a pupil of Rogier van der Weyden, and more
famous as an engraver than as a painter. The engraver's art , in-
deed, fostered by the advance of scientific pursuits, was moie
rapidly and successfully developed than that of painting. The
Younger Holbein , Mathias OrHnewald , and Hans Balduny Orien
were also members of this school, but as their training was not
strictly Rhenish they are only mentioned here in passing. Holbein's
famous ^Madonna of Burgomaster Meyer' is preserved at the Palace
of Darmstadt.
When, at a somewhat later period, the tide of the Benaitsance
overflowed theRhineland, it met with little or no resistance. After
a brief conflict with the Gothic architecture, which gave rise to the
erection of a number of curious buildings in a mixed style, the
Renaissance, introduced from France and Flanders, and possessing
little in common with the genuine Italian Renaissance, became
naturalised on the banks of the Rhine about the middle of the 16th
century. This new style of art, however, never throve satisfactorily
on Rhenish soil, partly because the Rhineland had cea^^ed to be a
great centre of civilisation as it had been in the middle ages, part-
ly because the sway of ecclesiastical princes is less favourable to the
steady progress of art than that of hereditary sovereigns, and also
because this unfortunate region was the theatre of numerous wars
which of course paralysed all artistic effort. Although Renaissance
art never took the form of a permanent and organic system, it has
bequeathed to the Rhineland several works of great importance.
Foremost among these is the CaHle of Heidelberg^ the most sumptu-
ous example of German Renaissance, next to which we may men-
tion the Porch of the Rathhaus of Cologne, the fragment of the
Rathhaus of JuUch, and the Schloss ofAschaffenburg. On the Upper
Rhine, in the Palatinate, and in Baden we encounter a number of
handsome ch&teaux and pleasing houses in the Renaissance style of
the 16th century.
The history of the Plastic Abt of the Renaissance period is
traceable in the numerous tombstones of the 16th and 17th cen-
turies, which are to be found not only in the large churches of the
principal towns, but also in smaller and more remote places, such
as Simmem^ Boppard, and St. Amual near Saarbriicken.
The dependence of the Rhineland on the Netherlands, which is
often noticeable in the province of architecture, is still more ob-
vious in the Painting of this period. Numerous Netherlands
masters migrated to the German courts, and the Germans them#-
selves imitated these foreign masters, even when they drew their
inspirations from the Italians. In the second half of the 16th cent,
the German masters fell under the influence of the Dutch school,
and when French taste came to be in vogue they again yielded their
homage to the fashion of the day. Many of these painters, even
down to the 18th cent., such as RooSy Juneker, and Seekatz^ possessed
Babdkkkb'b Rhine. iSth Edit. ^ ^^ C^(^rMn\c>
Digitized by Vj v!70 V l\^
xxxlv RHENISH ART.
considerable natural ability and manual skill, but at tbe present day
their works are weU-nigb consigned to oblivion.
The most imposing of the Rhenish edifices of the 18th century
are the palaces in the Baboqitb and Rococo Sttlbs, erected by the
various petty Rhenish princes, temporal and spiritual, in imitation
of th«3 palace of Versailles, such as those of CarUruhe, Mannheim,
Bruchaaly Briihl, and Bonn.
At the close of the century the Rhenish principalities were
swept away by the French Revolution, and with them were extin-
guished the last signs of the vitality of art. After the restoration
of peace, however, a revival began to take plane. The Boisser^e collec-
tion (p. xxxli) was the means of bringing early-Rhenish art into very
favourable notice and of inspiring the public with confidence in the
capabilities of Rhenish artists. The ^Romanticists' were desirous
that Cologne should be made the new centre of art and science, but
in 1818 the university "was founded at Bonn, and in 1819 the
academy at DOssbldobf was re-established. The painter Cornelius,
who was appointed director of the academy, and who usually spent
the winter only at Dusseldorf (and the summer at Munich), exer-
cised no great influence on the progress of Rhenish art. He was
succeeded by WUhdm Schadow (1827), under whose able guidance
the Diisseldorf School was brought into the right track and secured
the favour of the public. The chief subjects of the painters of this
period are scenes f^om private life, melancholy, sentimental, and
humorous, or poetical themes readily intelligible to the middle
classes of society, and their style is generally pleasing. Some of
the masters of this school, and particularly C. F. Leasing, have also
chosen themes of the deepest national interest. Sixty years have
elapsed since the Diisseldorf School first attained celebrity, and the
public taste has undergone material changes since that period, but
the industrious colony of painters on the banks of the Dussel still
deservedly enjoys a high reputation. Lastly we may mention the
school of art connected with the Stadel Gallery at Frankfobt, the
academy of Cablsbuhb, forming a kind of offshoot of the Diissel-
dorf School, and (quite recently) Dabmstadt, at aU of which modern
German painting is taught and practised with considerable success.
y Google
1. From Brassels to Cologne.
141 M. By ExpEESs in 5-6V2 brs. (fares 26 fr. 25, 19 fr. 25 c). Small
articles of luggage are examined at Herbesthal, registered Inggage on ar-
riral at Ck)logne. Finest views between Louvain and Li^ge to the right.
District between Li^ge and Aiz-la-Ghapelle replete with interest.
The DussBLDORF Railway diverges from the line described below at
Verviers (p. 3), and runs via Bltyherg (cnstom-honse) and Aix-la-Chapelle
(Templerbend Station). From Aix-la-Ghapelle to Diisseldorf, see B. 5.
Through-carriages at Brussels for Diisseldorf (Berlin, Hunburg, etc.)*
BnuselS t. — Hotels, in the upper part of the town : Bbllsvub, Db
Fi.A2n>RB, Db l'Eubopb, R. at these from 41/2 or 5, D. 5-6, pens. 13V«-15 fr. ;
Hbngbllb, Rue Boyale 103, R. from 4, D. 5 fr. ; Db Fsancb, Montague du
Pare 6, R. from 5, D. 5, pens. 11-14 fr. In the lower part of the town:
HftTBOFOLB, Place de Brouck^re, Gband-Hotbl, Boulevard Anspach, Hotel
db l'Univbbs et db Su&db, Rue Neuve 48 and Boul. du Kord 7, at
these three, R. from 4, D. 5, pens, from I2V2 fr. ; Db Saxe, Db l^Empbbbub,
Rue Keuve (111 & 93) ; Cbntral , Place de la Bourse , pens. 10 fr. ; Db
LA PosTB, Rue Foss^-aux-Loups, D. 4 fr. ; De Viennb, Rue de la Fourche,
less pretending.
English (Thurch Service at the Church of the ReturrecHon^ in the Rue
Stassart , and at Chrittehureh , Rue Grespel, Avenue de la Toison d'Or. —
Scottish Presbyterian Chweh, Rue Bodenbroeck 3.
Brussels, the capital of Belgium and residence of the king, con-
tains, including the suburbs, about 670,000 inhab., of whom about
2000 are British. Like Paris it possesses its parks, boulevards, caf^s
chantants, and other attractions ; but this Paris in miniature should
be seen before the great French metropolis by those who would avoid
disappointment.
The passing visitor is recommended to take the following walk,
which will occupy half-a-day. Adjacent to the Rue Neuve, which
leads from the station into the city , rises the Martyrs^ Monument j
designed by Geefs, and erected in 1838 to the memory of those who
feU in the war with Holland in 1830.
Then past the Theatre Royal and the Bourse to the *H6tel &e
ViUe, The E. half of the magnificent facade of the latter was begun
in 1401, the W. in 1443 ; statues of Dukes of Brabant, erected in
1853, replace those mutilated by the sansculottes in 1792. On the
W. side of the Place de I'Hdtel de Ville are various * Guild Houses,
erected at the beginning of the 18th century. At the back of the
H6tel de Ville, at the corner of the Rue du Chene and the Rue de
I'Etuve, is the curious Mannikin fountain. The OalerieSU Hubert, an
arcade near the H6tel de Ville, is a handsome structure, 702 ft. long,
containing some of the most tempting shops in the city. The Place
Boyale is adorned with the equestrian *8tatue of Godfrey de Bouillon,
t For a fuller description of Belgian towns, see Bffedeker''s Belgium
and Holland.
BaBDBKBB'S Rhine. 15th Edit. Digitized by QiOOglc
2 Route 1. LOUVAIN. From Brussels
in bronze, execnted by Simonls in 1848. The adjoining *Park is the
favonrite promenade of the citizens. On the S. side rises the Royal
Palace, on the N. side the Palais de la Nation.
A little to the W. of the former are the *Boyal Museums, with
their fine collections of ancient and modem paintings and modem
sculpture. — Not far from the Palais de la Nation, beyond the Rue
Royale, is the ^Cathedral (8te, Qudule et 8t, Michel), the finest church
in Brussels, with two trancated Gothic towers. It was erected in the
13- 14th cent., but the choir and the unfinished W. towers are of
the 15th, the large chapel of the Sacrament of the 16th cent., and
the whole was restored in 1848-56. — The * Palais de Justice^ in
the Place Polaert, erected in 1866-83 after plans by Polaert, at an
expense of 2,000,000^, is one of the most Imposing buildings of
modern times. — The Music Wiertz, with most of the works of
that talented but eccentric painter, lies about 3/4 M. to the S.E. of
the Park.
At (2 M.) Schaerbeek, the first railway-station, the Malines line
diverges to the left. Then several small stations.
18 M. Louvain, Flem. Leuven or Loven (Hdtels de Suhde, de la
Cour de Mons); pop. 42,000. The traveller who stops here should
not fail to visit the *^H6tel de Ville, a magnificent edifice in the
later Gothic style, erected in 1447-63, and the Gothic *Church of 8t,
Peter, dating from the 15th century. The choir-stalls (16th cent.)
in the Church of St. Gertrude also merit inspection.
291/2 M. Tirlemont, or Thienen (Nouveau Monde; H6tel Pon-
saerts), occupies an extensive area, nearly 6 M. in circumference,
but is thinly peopled (17,800 inhab.). The Church of St. Germain
probably dates from the 12th century.
The train next traverses a lofty embankment , affording an ex-
tensive view. In clear weather the Lion and the Prussian monu-
ment at Waterloo may be distinguished in the distance to the right.
Between (33 M.) Esemael and Landen the line intersects the plain
of Neerwind^, the scene of two great battles. In the first the Allies
under William III. of England were defeated in the Spanish War
of Succession by the French under Marshal Luxembourg, 29th July,
1693 ; in the second the French under Dumouriez were defeated by
the Austrians under the Duke of Ooburg, 18th March, 1793. — 38 M.
Landen (Hdtel de la Hesbaye) was the birthplace of Pepin of Landen,
ancestor of Pepin the Little and Charlemagne, and 'major-domo' of
Glothaire II. He died here in 640, and was interred on the hill
which bears his name.
47 M. Waremme. The undulating, agricultural district of Bra-
bant, with its phlegmatic Germanic inhabitants, is quitted near
(58 M.) Ans (490 ft. higher than LiSge) for a mining tract with a
Walloon population, remarkable for their activity and vivacity.
As the train descends the rapid (1 : 30) incline to Lidge , a fine
view of the city and the valley of the Meuse is obtained, i
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to Cologne. VEKVIERS. 1, RouU. 3
62 M. Li^ge, Flem. Lutft, Ger. Luttich (^Hdtel de Suhde; Hdtel
d^Angleterre; Hdtel de V Europe, etc.), is an important industrial
town with 169,000 inhabitants. A short stay here should be devoted
to the Palais de Justice j the Church of St. Jacques , the Cathedral
(St. Paul) J and, for the sake of the view, the Citadel.
Beyond Li^ge the Meuse is crossed by the handsome Pont du
Val Binott. Numerous lofty chimneys afford indication of the pros-
perity of the district. The extensive zino-foundry of the Vieille-
Montagne company is next passed, and the Ourthe crossed. 64 M.
Chenee, the first station beyond Li^ge, is another manufacturing town.
66 M. Chandfontaine (*Orand'Hdtel des Bains; *H6t d' Angle-
terre) is a small, but picturesquely-situated watering-place, with a
thermal spring (104® Fahr.), rising on an island in the Vesdre.
Beyond the next tunnel, the picturesque castle of La Rochette
is seen on an eminence to the left. Near Le Trooz the ancient castle
of that name, now a manufactory of gun-barrels, is perched on the
rooks to the right. Farther on, to the right, is the castle of Fraipont.
Between (71 1/2 M.) Nessonvaux and (74^2 M.) Pepinster, to the
right, stands the Chdteau des Masures {masure = ruined house),
said to occupy the site of a hunting-seat of King Pepin. At Pep-
Inster ('Pepin's terre') a branch -line diverges to Spa^ the well
known watering-place, 71/2 M. distant. — 75^2 M. Ensival.
77^2 M. Vervierg {Httel de Londres, in the town ; Hdtels du
Chemin de Fer and d'Allemagne, both at the station), with 62,500
inhab., the junction for Bleyberg (see p. 1), is a busy commercial
town. Here and in the environs upwards of 400,000 pieces of cloth
are manufactured annually.
On an eminence near (82V2 M.) Dolhain, a modern town, pictur-
esquely situated in the vaUey of the Vesdre, stands the ancient for-
tress of Limburg, almost the sole remnant of the capital of the duchy
of that name, destroyed by Louis XIV. in 1675. Pedestrians will
be repaid by a walk (about 25 M.) from Dolhain via Verviers to Liftge.
8DV2M.HerbestlLal (*Rail. Restaurant; Bellevue)^ the first Prus-
sian village, is the frontier-station (branch-line to Eupen^ p. 13).
The custom-house formalities cause a detention of about V2 ^r.
here. Beyond (891/2 M.) Astenet, Lontzen and the castle of Welken-
h%u8en lie to the left. The train crosses the valley of the Oohl by
a handsome viaduct, 125 ft. in height. To the left lie (91 M.)
Hergenrathj and, in the distance beyond, the Emmaburg, situated
on the slope of wooded hills (p. 13).
The train next passes through two tunnels (191 yds. and 833 yds.
respectively), and finally descends to the Rhenish Station at —
97 M. Aix-la-Ghapelle. — Bailway stations. 1. Rhenish Station (PI.
D, 6), for Cologne, Verviers, and Li^ge. — 2. Marsehier-Thor Station (PI. C.
5, 6), for Gladbach, Duageldorf, Maastricht, and Antwerp. — 3. TempUrbena
Station (PI. A, 2), for the same lines as Ko. 2 and also for Welkenraedt,
Venders, and Lifege. —4. CGln-Thor or Jmich Station of the Aix-la-ChapcUe
and JuUch railway (PI. F, 1). C"n,nin]o
Digitized by Vi^OQlc
4 Route 1, AIX-LA-CHAPELLE. From Brussels
Hotels. All the first-class hotels and the better second-class hotels have
lifts, electric light, hot-air heating, etc. — In the Middle of the Town: ^Gband
MoNABQUB (PL a; C, 3), Biichel 51, E. 2V2-10, B. IV4, D. (7 p.m.) 4, pens,
from 6 jH ; *H6tbl Nubllbks (PI. b ; C, a, 4), Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz 6,
opposite the Elisenbrunnen, with garden and the d^pendances Eaiserbad,
Neubad, and Quirinusbad fsee below), R. from 3, B. IV4, D. at 1.80 p.m. 4,
at 7 p.m. 4721 pens, from 0 Jl \ *Hbneion'8 Qkand-Hotel, Gomphaosbad-
Str. 16-20, adjoining the Comeliusbad (see below), R. 3-6, B. 11/4, D. at
1.30 p.m. 8I/1, at 7 p.m. 4, pens. 8-12 Ulf; ♦Hotel de l'Empebedb (PI. d: C, 3),
Edel-Str. 6, R. from 31/2, B. IV4, D. 3, pens, from 7 Ji ; *Impebial (;bown
(PI. f ; D, 2), Alexander-Str. 36, with garden, R. from 3, B. 1, D. 3, pens,
from Qjf;' ♦Monopol (formerly Bellevue; PI. c, C 3), Holzgraben 11, newly-
furnished, R. 2-3»/2, B. »/4, D. 2, pens, from 6ytJf; Dbagon d'Oe (PL g;
C, D, 3), Comphausbad-Str. 9; Elephant (PL h; C, 3), Ursuliner-Str. 11,
opposite the Elisen-Garten ; Konio von Spanien (PL i ; C, 4), Kleinmarschier-
Stp. 52, commercial, R.&B.2J( 80-3 Ji? 50 pf., D. incl. wine 2V2, pens. 6 Uf,
well spoken of*, Cablshaus (PI. k; C,4), see p. 6^ Wilhblmbhof, Friedrich-
Wilhelm-Platz 3, R. from 2, B. 1, D. IV2 3, pens, from 5 Jt; Scheufen,
near the Elisenbrunnen, these three all hotels -restaurants. — Near the
Rhenish Station: 'Union Hotel (PL 1; D, 5), Bahnhof-Platz 1 R. from 21/2,
B. 1, D.SJt; *H6tbl do Nobd, Romer-Str. 3, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. Q-SJ(;
Hotel -Restadbant Kaisebhof, Hoch-Str. 2 and Wall-Str. 65 (PL D, 4),
commercial, R. 2V2-5, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 6 J^, Plainer: Hotel Duben,
Bahnhof-Platz 4, R. IV2-2V2, B. »/4, i>. from IV4, pens, from ijt; Degens,
Wall-Str. 1. — Near the Templerbend Station: Elodbebt, Templergraben
64-66, with restaurant.
Bath Establishments (also hotels, and open throughout the whole
year; no table d'hote). In connection with the 'Upper Springs' (p. 10):
Kaiserbad (PL 36; C, 3), Biichel 26-30, well fitted up, JTeubad (PL 38; C, 3),
Biichel 34, Quirinusbad (PL 39; 0,3), Hof 7, cheaper; these three belong
to the Hot. Nuellens (see above). Kdnigin von Ungarn (PL 37 ; C, 3), Edel-
Str. 1, belonging to the Hot. de TEmpereur, pens, frova.! M, The following
are supplied by the 'Lower Springs' : Rosenbad (PL 40 ; C, 3), Corneliusbad
(PL 35; C, 3), these two connected with Henrion's Grand-Hdtel (see above);
Comphausbad (PL 34 ; C, 3) , all three near the Curhaus. Bath-houses at
Burtscheid, see p. 12. — Cold and Warm Baths at the Swimming Bathe^
Adalbert-Steinweg 10, with restaurant.
Restaurants. Wine. * Curhaus (p. 10), D. 2Vt Uf ; *ir«pjwr», Elisen-
brunnen (p. 10); Monopoly see above; Scheufen^ Theater-Platz 5 ; Konig von
Spanien^ see above; Carl^aus^ see above; Piltz^ Edel-Str. 12; Rethet-Stubet
Rethel-Str. 4; Erholung^ Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz 7, with richly-decorated
rooms. — Otstebs. ienneW^, Klostergasse 15 (PLB,3). — Beeb. Alt-Bayemy
Wirichsbongard-Str. 43 (PL D, 4), D. 1-11/2^!?; Kdvpere^ Carlshaus, see above 5
Zum Augustiner^ Priedrich-Wilhelm-Platz 3, with large garden (concerts);
Ahn^ Theater-Platz 4; Automat ^ Capuzinergraben 10; Oermania^ Friedrich-
Wilhelm-Platz 8; Rathskeller^ Grosskoln-Str. 1, with music; Vier Jahres-
zeiten (also hotel), Capuzinergraben 16, opposite the theatre; Fickartz^
at the Kaiserhof Hotel (see above), with a handsome concert-room.
Oafes. At the Curhaus (see p. 10) ; at the Elisenbrunnen (p. 10) ; Mon^
poly Wilhelmehofy see above; Kaiser- Ca/i^ on the groundfloor of the Hdtel
Nuellens; at the Lousberg (see p. 12). — Confectionees. Wahly Theater-
Platz 7 ; Oeuleny Hoch-Str. 9 ; Oellers, Dahmengraben 7.
Oabs. From 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. (at night double fares): —
(1) Per diHve: Within Aix-la-Chapelle and Burtscheid, 1 pers. 60, each
additional pers. 20 pf. ; luggage under 251bs. free, trunk 30 pf. — To the
Belvedere Inn on the Lousberg^ 1-2 pers. i J( 60 pf., 3-4 pers. 2 Jt.
(2) By time: Each V« hr. 1-2 pers. 1 Uf 30 pf., 3-4 pers. 1 Uf 50 pf.; each
additional 1/4 hr. 65 or 75 pf.
Electric Tramways traverse Aiz-la-Chapelle and Burtscheid in various
directions (10-20 c); comp. the Plan. Outside the town: to the Stadt-
Wald (Ronheide, CarlshShe), Linzenshdutchen ^ and Forsthaus Siegel (these
three lines run to the Aachener Wald or Burtscheider Wald); to Haaren
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to Cologne. AIX-LA-CHAPELLE. J. Route. 5
Biirtenberff (Wilhelmstein), Vaels (three favourite reaorts), to Herzogenrath,
Siolberfff Etchu>eiler, Vicht^ etc.
Post and Telegraph Office, Capuzinergraben 17 and Theater-Platz 10-12
(PI. C, 4; p. 6). For branch-offices, see the Plan.
Theatres. Stadt-Theater (PI. C, 4 : p. 6), performances in winter only ;
Bernarts' Saigon-Theater (PL C, D. 3), Adalbert-Str. 20-24, with concert-
room, garden, and restaarant; Eden-Theater (PI, C, 4), Franz-Str. 45, varieties.
Yisitora' Tax. For a year, 1 pers. 15, each additional pers \OjH; for
two months in summer, 12, 2 pers. 20, eac additional person 5 jH (in
winter 50 per cent less).
United States Oonaul, Frank M. Brundage, Bsq., 44 Heinrichs-All6e.
English Ohurch (St. Alban's)^ Convent-Str. ; services on Sun. at 8 a.m.,
11 a.m., and 4 p.m. Resident Chaplain, Rev. C. F. Jonet^ B.A.
AiX'la-Chapelle (615 ft.), German Aachen, a very ancient town
with 135,235 inhab. (Including Burtscheid, p. 12; incorporated in
1897), the Aquae Orani of the Romans, lies in a fertile basin sur-
rounded by gently sloping, wooded hills. It is a manufacturing town
of some importance, with upwards of 100 cloth-factories, 45 iron-
foundries and machine-shops, etc. Aachen was frequently the
residence of the Frankish kings, and it was a favourite abode of
Charlemagne, who made it the capital of his dominions to the N. of
the Alps, and died here in 814. From his death down to the ac-
cession of Ferdinand I. (1531) Aix witnessed the coronation of all
the German emperors (30), and was called par excellence the free
city of the Holy Roman Empire and seat of royalty (^urba Aquensis^
urbs regaliSy regni sedea principaliaj prima regum curicC). In the
middle ages Aix-la-Chapelle was the scene of many imperial diets
and ecclesiastical convocations, and in and after the 17th cent,
several congresses met here. In 1668 the peace between Louis XFV.
and Spain was concluded here, by which the French king abandoned
his pretensions to the Netherlands; the second Peace of Aix-la-
Ohapelle, of 1748, terminated the Austrian War of Succession ; and
by the treaty of 1818 the German armies were recalled from France.
In 1793 the town was occupied by the French ; in 1801 it became
capital of the Department of the Roer; and in 1815 it passed to
Prussia.
Externally this venerable imperial city has retained few relics
of her ancient history, and is now practically a modern town. The
cathedral, the Rathhaus, a few relics of the mediaeval fortifications,
now converted into promenades, such as the restored Marachier-Thor
(PI. C, 5), the Lange Thurm (PI. A, 3; line view from the top, adm.
20 pf."), and the recently restored Pont-Thor (PI. B, 2), dating from
the 14th cent., and the Marienburg (PI. B, 1), of the 16th cent., are
the only remains of the old town.
The open space in front of the Rheniah Station (PI. D, 5; p. 3)
is embellished with the * Warriors' Monument (PI. 22), designed by
Drake and erected in 1872 in memory of the wars of 1866 and
1870-71. — Passing the handsome modem Gothic Marien-Kirche
(PI. 11; D, 4, 5), in brick, erected by Statz, we reach the broad
Thbatbe-Steassb, and follow it, to the left, to the Th]^ater-Platz
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
6 Route 1. AIX-LA-CHAPELLE. From BrusstU
(PI. 0, 4), in the' centre of which stands the Tkeatrt^ erected in
1822-25 and enlarged in 1901. Opposite (S."W.) are the Qovemmtnt
Buildings (PI. 20). Adjacent are a Telegraph Tower and the entrance
to the handsome Post Office (PI. 28; 0, 4), in the Capnzinergraben.
The Gothic Carlshaus (PI. k; 0, 4), at the comer of the Theater-
Platz and the Gapuzinergrahen, serves as the meeting-place for
yarious Roman Gatholic societies. In front of the theatre, on the "W. ,
is an equestrian statue of Emperor William /., by F. Schaper (1901),
with allegorical reliefs on the pedestal. — Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz
and Elisenbrunnen, see p. 10. Passing the latter on the left , we
proceed through the Ursuliner-Str. to the cathedral, which rises
nearly in the centre of the town.
The ^Cathedral, or Minster (PI. G, 3), consists of two distinct
parts in different styles of architecture. The portion erected by
Gharlemagne in 796-804 as the court and national church of the
Garlovingian kingdom, and consecrated by Leo III., a noble example
of the Byzantine style, is an octagon copied from San Vitale at Ra-
venna, and built by Master Odo, 48 ft. in diameter, surrounded by
a sixteen-sided ambulatory, and terminating in a cupola, 104 ft.
high. The eight gables of the central structure are of the beginning
of the 13th cent., the fantastic roof is of the 17th. The octagon is
surrounded by several Chapels, built in the 14th and 15th cent., and
afterwards partly altered. On the "W. side are the principal entrance
and vestibule, surmounted by a modem Gothic bell-tower, with a
pointed and slated roof. Adjoining the octagon X)n the E. is the lofty
and elegant Gothic Choir , begun in 1353, and completed in 1413.
Through the "W. portal , the Bronze Doors of which were cast
about 804, or the adjacent side-door, we enter the Vestibule, where,
on modem pillars, stand a brazen Wolf (or She-Bear), a Roman work
of the 3rd or 4th cent., and a Pine Cone, dating from the 10th cent,
both having doubtless once belonged to fountains. According to a
medisBval legend, the devil helped in the construction of the church
on condition that the first living being that entered the building
should be sacrificed to him. The magistrates entered into the com-
pact , but outwitted the devil by admitting a wolf into the sacred
edifice on its completion.
The Inte&iob op the Octagon is borne by eight massive pillars,
which separate the central space from the surrounding two-storied
ambulatory. The lofty, round-arched openings of the upper story, or
'Hochmunster'(p. 7), are enlivened with a double row of columns, of
unequal length, some of them in marble, others in granite, brought
from Rome, Treves, and Ravenna. Some of them were replaced by
new ones in 1845, and the capitals are all new. The large Mosaic
in the dome, on a gold ground, representing Ghrist surrounded by
the 24 Elders of the Apocalypse, was executed at Venice in 1882
by Salviati, from a 17th cent, copy of an old mosaic vdth which
the dome was originally adorned. The rest of the central church
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
to Cologne. AIX-LA.-CHAPELLE. 1. Route. *
has been adorned since 1902 with mosaics and maible, from the
designs of H. Schaper. Above are the twelve Apostles, two arch-
angels, Mary and John the Baptist, with Charlemagne as founder
and Pope Leo III. as consecrator of the church. In the frieze below
the original inscription of eight yerses has been reproduced; and
the columns are once more, as formerly, encased in cipoUino. The
gilded Candelahrum, upwards of 13 ft. in diameter, was presented
by Frederick Barbarossa in 1165. The inscription *Carolo Magno' on
the pavement beneath it is modem. The tomb of the great emperor
was probably in a chapel adjoining the church. — The so-called
Vngarische Capelle, adjoining the octagon on the S. (to the right of
the W. entrance), recently restored in the baroqne style , contains
the treasury (p. 8). — The oblong Kreuz- Capelle, or Chapel of 8t. Ni-
cholas y on the N.W. side, retains its Gothic architecture of the
second half of the 15th century.
The egress leads to the late-Gtothic Oloistbbs, which were restored
in 1894; to the right is the late-Romanesque Purgatory Chapel^ erected by
Philip of Swabia after 1200, with a rich facade \ the 'Quadrum' (court) con-
tains a modem fountain by Prof. Frentzen and some old remains.
The Choie is remarkable for its light and elegant proportions.
The thirteen windows (83 ft. high, 6-16 ft. wide) are filled with
modem ''^Stained Glass , representing scenes from the life of the
Virgin (Assumption and Coronation designed by Cornelius), execut-
ed partly at Berlin, and partly at Cologne and Aix. On the pillars
between the windows are statues of Charlemagne, the Virgin Mary,
and the Twelve Apostles, of 1430, recently coloured. In the centre
hangs a piece of wood -carving (1564) above the empty Tomb of
Otho III. (d. 1002). In front of the tomb is a Reading Desk, consist-
ing of an eagle on a rich stand of open-work, cast in copper in
the 15th century. To the right and left are Winged Altars, with
paintings of the Cologne School (15th cent.). The Pulpit, adorned
with copper-gilt plaques with embossed designs, precious stones,
and carved ivory (5th and 8th cent.), was a gift of Henry II. (d. 1024),
but restored in the 17th cent. ; it is protected by a wooden cover.
The High Altar is a modem work from Schneider's designs (1876),
in which several old columns have been incorporated. The Episcopal
Throne and other modern church furniture also deserve notice. The
sacristan shows the pulpit, the imperial throne, and the sarcophagus
(V2-1 Jt).
The HochmOnstbb, or gallery of the octagon, contains the lately
restored Throne of Charlemagne, composed of marble slabs, which
was used during divine service by Charlemagne and his successors,
and afterwards at the imperial coronations. An ancient sarcophagus,
in Parian marble, with the Rape of Proserpine in relief, preserved
in the gallery of the Kreuz-Capelle (see above), passes for the coffin
of Charlemagne (see above). The Balustrade between the columns
was cast about the year 804, and like the bronze doors (p. 6) is of
Carlovingian workmanship. — The Carls- Capelle, which adjoins the
8 Route 1 . AIX-LA-GHAPELLE. From BrusttU
Hochmiinster on the N., dates from the second half of the 15th cent. ;
the ^Anna-Capelle, on the S., was consecrated in 1449. The MaUhiai*
Capelle, also on the S., built in the latter half of the 14th cent., is
used as a sacristy.
The rich Cathedral Treasury (shown daily, except Sundays and festi-
yals, from 10 to 6 o'clock ; ticket for 1-3 persons 3 Ui, for each additional
person 1 Jf; apply to the Sacristan, Domhof 2^ a single traveller wiU
frequently find opportnnities of joining a party) is contained in the above-
mentioned Ungarische Oapelle. The chief objects of interest are the
following : 2A. (Golden Ankp^mUum resembling the Pala d'Oro in St. ]fark*d
at Venice, with sixteen reponss^ reliefs, representing scenes from the
Passion, etc., a gift of Emp. Otho III. and restored by Emp. William I.
in 1872 ; 16. Snmptuous late-Bomanesqne silver Shrine of the Four Oreat
Relics, executed in 1220-36 (containing the 'robe of the Virgin, the
swaddling-clothes of the infant Christ, the bloody cloth in which the body
of John the Baptist was wrapped, and the linen cloth with which the
Saviour was girded on the Cross** , which are shown to the public
gratis only once every seven years; last occasion in 1902); 47. Silver
Reliqiiary of Cfiarlemagne^ likewise a magnificent late-Bomanesque work,
containing the relics of the great emperor, who was canonized in 1165;
18. Buit of Charlemagne, in gold and enamel, 14th cent.; 1. Ch-oss of
Lothaire III,, presented by that emperor (d. 1137); 19. €torman Ropal
Crown , 14th cent. ; 21. Hunting Horn of Charlemagne, of Oriental ivory
work; numerous medieeval vessels, in gold and silver, candelabra, and
other curiosities. These objects are preserved in large glass cabinets,
closed by winged doors, on the insides of which are paintings of the
early-Flemish and early-Ck)logne schools.
To the "W. of the cathedral, in the Fischmarkt, is the building
for the Archives (PI. 21 ; B, G, 3) , handsomely fitted up in the
interior, erected in 1886-89 on the site of the earliest town-hall of
Aix (of 1267 ; subsequently called the 'Gras'), of which the facade
has been retained; the statues of the seven electors are modern.
A permanent Selection of Documents is shown on week-days, 12-1,
free. A common staircase connects the Archives with the new Library
(90,000 vols.), opened in 1897.
To the E., behind the choir of the cathedral, is the Church of
St. Foillan (PI. 9 j C, 3), the oldest parish-church in the town. The
present building, dating from the late-Gothic period, was rebuilt
in the 17th cent, and restored in 1883-88. — The Church of
St. Michael, or Jesuits' Church (PL 12; B, C, 4), built in 1618-28,
contains a Descent from the Cross by Honthorst (1682). Nearly
opposite is the Real-Oymnasium (PL 25; B, C, 4), opened in 1891.
— The Church of St. Paul (PL 13 ; B, 3) contains the remains of
frescoes of the 15th cent, and modem stained-glass windows.
To the N. of the cathedral is the Mabkt-Platz (PL C, 3), with
a Fountain and a poor statue of Charlemagne erected in 1620. Here
is situated the *BatlLhaii8, or Town Hall (PL C, 3), a handsome
Gothic edifice, begun about 1333 on the site, and partly with the
fragments of the ancient Carlovingian palace, and completed, with
the exception of the ornamentation, about 1350. After a partial
restoration, the building was injured by a fire in 1883, by which the
two towers, the Markt-Thurm to the "W. and the Oranus-Thurm to
to Cologne. AIX-LA-CHAPELLE. 7. Route. 9
the E., were almost entirely bnrned down. Both belonged in large
part to the ancient palace, and the latter served as storehouse for
the imperial archives and treasures. The subsequent complete re-
storation, by Q. Frentzen, was completed in 1902. On the fa^de
are 54 statues of German emperors, and over the windows of the
first floor is a frieze with 28 reliefs representing sciences, arts,
trades, and manufactures. Below are coats -of- arms. The rear-
fa^^de is embellished with statues of Alcuin, Eginhard, Benedict of
Aniane, Wibald of Stavelot, and the burgomasters Gerhard Chorus
and Johann von Punt, besides various coats-of-arms.
A flight of steps, erected in 1878, leads from the market-place to the
Vestibule on the first floor, which is decorated with mottoes and the
armorial bearings of the gtulds (ring for the custodian; adm. 60 pf.). The
reliefs on the Porto? represent the coronation banquet ofBadoIf 1. and the
burghers of Aix-la-Obapelle taking the oath of allegiance after the revolt
of 1428; above is the Majestas Domini, with Charlemagne and Leo III. —
The staircase, added in 1848, is adorned with mural paintings of scenes
from local history, by Prof. A. Baur. The windows show the arms of
various local families who have held municipal office.
The Kaisersaal, a hall 55 yds. long and 20 yds. wide, with vaulting
borne by four massive piers, occupies the whole length of the upper
floor. The walls are decorated with eight *'Frbsooes, which rank among
the finest modern examples of historical painting ; the first four are by
Alfred Bethel (bom at Aix 1816, d. 1859); the others, designed by him, were
executed by Kehren: —
1. The Emp. Otho III. opening the burial-vault of Charlemagne;
2. Overthrow of the ^Irmensaule'* ; 3. Battle with the Saracens at Cordova ;
4. Conquest ofPaviain774 (these by Bethel)-, 5. Baptism of Wittekind and
Alboin ; 6. Coronation of Charlemagne in St. Peter's at Rome ; 7. Building
of the Cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle ; 8. Abdication of Charlemagne and
Coronation of his son Louis the Pious. The piers and vaulting bear
polychrome ornamentation. The windows contain armorial bearings of
the emperors; in the oriel (the old chapel) are small stained-glass paint-
ings with scenes from the life of the Virgin and the apostles Philip and
James the Elder, by Oeterrath. Fine echo.
The CoDNCiL Hall and the Burgomaster's Booh contain portraits
of Frederick William in. (1817), Frederick William IV. (both by Sensel),
the emperors Leopold I., Charles VI., Charles VII. (by /. vanKessel, 1742),
Francis I., William I. (A. wm Werner , 1890), and Frederick III. (H. von Angeliy
1889), the Empress Maria Theresa, Charlemagne (by an unknown master
of the 16th cent.). Pope Clement IX., and others.
The Gothic addition with the massive square tower on the W.
side of the Rathhaus, between the Ohorus-Platz and the Kloster-
gasse, is the Municipal Administrative Offices.
In the Grosskdln-Strasse, which leads from the market to the
N.W., is the St. Nicolaus-Kirche (PI. 0, 3), containing an altar-piece
by Diepenbeeck, a pupil of Rubens. — In the Templergraben, near
the Templerbend Station, is situated the Rhenish - Westphalian
Polytechnic School (PL B, 2, 3), built by Cremer in 1865-70, and
now attended by 700 students. The handsome staircase and hall
should be inspected. Adjacent is the Chemical Laboratory, a fine
Renaissance edifice built in 1879, with accommodation for 120
students; and in the Malteser-Strasse is the Mining and Electric
School^ completed in 1897. — The Church of St. James (PI. 10;
A, 4), a Romanesque edifice with a handsome tower, built by Wiet-
10 Route 1. AIX-LA-CHAPELLE. From Brussels
base in 1877-82, is situated in the S."W. corner of the town. Near
it is the Zoological Garden, laid out in 1886, a faTOurite resort
(*Restaurant, concerts; adm. 60 pf.).
The celebrated warm Sulphub Springs of Aix, which were
known to the Romans, rise from the limestone-rock, and there are
also several chalybeate springs which have their source in the clay-
slate. Of the former the chief is the Kaiser quelle (131° Fahr.), which
rises on the *Biichel* or slope of the market -hill (PI. C, 3), and
supplies the Kaiserbad, Neubad, *Queen of Hungary', and Elisen-
brunnen. The Quirmusquelle (125°) rises in the bath-house of that
name in the neighbouring 'Am Hof . These two springs are called
the *Obere Quellen'. The 'Untere Quellen', as the Bosenquelle
(116°) and Comeliusquelle (113°) are called, rise in the Comp-
hausbad-Strasse, a little to the N.E. of the others. The baths of
Aix-la-Ohapelle are annually visited by about 4000 patients.
The EliBenbnmnen (PI. G, 3,4), as the drinking spring is named
after the consort of Fred. William IV., is in the Friednch-Wahelm-
Plaiz, The Doric colonnade connected with it, 90 yds. long, was
designed by Schinkel and erected in 1822-24. Two flights of steps
descend to the 'Trinkhalle' {Cafi-Restaurant in the pavilions and
colonnade). — At the back of the colonnade is the Eliser^-Qarterh^
where another Trinkhalle was erected in 1873, and where a band
plays from 7.30 to 8.30 a.m. and 12 to 1 p.m. during the season
(p. 4). — The garden opens on the other side on the Ursuliner-Strasse,
which is continued to the N. by the Edbl-Stbassb and the Bt^CHBL,
with several of the bath-houses mentioned on p. 4. The cellar of the
Kbnigin von Vngam (PI. 37 ; C, 3) contains remains of an ancient
Roman bath, which extended as far as the neighbouring streets, and
was connected with an aqueduct coming from Burtscheid (p. 12).
The discovery of stamps of the 6th legion (*Victrix') refers the
building to between 70 and 120 A.D., when that legion was
stationed on the Lower Rhine.
From the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz several streets, flanked with
handsome shops, lead to the N.E. to the Gomphausbad-Stbasse,
in which, opposite the bath-houses, stands the Curhaus (PL D, 3),
built in 1782 but extensively altered and enlarged since. It con-
tains a large ball and concert room, a restaurant, and a reading-
room (open till 10 p.m. ; adm. 50 pf. , to concerts and festivals
1 JK). At the back of the Gurhaus, and facing the Cur-Oarten, is
the Cursaal, in the Moorish style, built by Wickop in 1863-64.
Symphony-concerts take place here weekly.
Near the Gurhaus are the Church of St. PeUr (PI. D, 2), built in
1714, and the Synagogue (PI. 32; D, 3), in the Moorish style,
designed by Wickop. Farther to the S., in the Adalbert-Strasse,
which begins at the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz (see above), rises the
Church of Si, Adalbert (PI. E, 3), founded by Emp. Henry II. in 1005
in honour of St Adalbert, who was martyred in Prussia. This build-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
to Cologne* AIX-LA-CHAPELLE. i. RouU, H
ing bas been mncb altered at Tarious dates, and was almost entirely
rebuilt by Wiethase in 1873-76. -- In the Kaiser-Platz, near the
church, rises the Kaiserhrunnen, a tasteful fountain erected in 1879.
— A little to the S., in the Richard-Strasse, is the Protestant ChriatuS'
Kirehe (P1.D, E, 4), by G. Frentzen. Adjacent, Wilhelm-Str. No. 18,
is the former PalaU Cassalette, built by E. Linse in 1866. -now
containing the —
^Snermondt Mnsenm (PI. 30; E, 4). The chief attraction of this
museum is a collection of 133 valuable paintings of the early-
German, Flemish, and Spanish schools, presented in 1882 to his
native town by Herr Bartholomew Suermondt (d. 1887), a well-
known connoisseur and patron of art. Various local antiquities and
objects of industrial art have been added to these. Open free on
Sun. & Wed. 10-1 (in summer also 3-5); other days adm. 50 pf. ;
closed on Mon., except to strangers, who pay 1 Jf. Director, Dr. Kisa.
Ground Floob. In a room to the right of the vestibule is the Collection
of Engraoingt^ beyond which is the former banqueting-room with the Ceramic
Collection (stoneware from Raeren, p. 13, etc.)- Ethnographical Section. —
A corridor contains prehisioric, Roman, and Frankish discoveries and
architectural fragments. — Four small rooms on this floor contain paintings
of the Wetherland'Sh schools: No. 9. Herri deBles, Flight into Egypt; 10.
P. de Bloat ^ Dutch cottage; 15. Bray, In praise of the herring; BrekeUnkam^
16. Fishwife, 17. The proposal; 25. Ccmphiiy$en^ Calves; 29. P. Glaaszy
Still-life; 32. A. Cuyp^ Interior of a church; 41. Oov. FKnck, Portrait of a
young lady; 42. Hieron. Franek^ Ball at Venice; 52. Heda^ Luncheon: 54.
C. de Heem, Fruit; Hondeeoeter, 64. Fieldfares, 65. Hawking gear; 69. N.
van der Eorst, Jephtha^s sacrifice; 80. De Keyter^ Lady; 88. Van der Laen^
Dutch cottages; 87. /. van der Meer van Haarlem. Dutch village; 94. Sir
A. Morey Margret Halseber ; 96. Moreehe^ Portrait; 124. C. Saftleven, Landscape
with cattle; 134. D. Tenters tJie Younger^ Hilly landscape; 156. Qerbr. van
den Eeckhout, Rabbi; 161. Aertsen,, Market; A. Brouwer^ 164. Surgeon,
169. Peasants' brawl; A. Ouypy 177. Still-life, 178. Brooding hen.
FiBST Floob. One room here is devoted to the Textile Collection, another
to the Works in Metal., amongst which the cutlery is especially noteworthy.
— In a third room are paintings of the Flemish and Spanish school:
Rubens, 115. Studies for the 'Fall of the Damned' at Munich, varying
considerably from the completed work; 118. The cock and the jewel.
146. C. de Vos, Portrait; 76. Jordaens, Satyr and boy; 129. F. Snyders,
Hawking with the owl; 301. Zurbaran^ St. Francis. — Modern paintings
occupy two rooms : 324. Lenbach, Prince Bismarck (1894); 31. Constable, After
the storm; 126. Schadow, Assumption of the Virgin; A. Calame, Coast-scene.
Here also is a permanent exhibition of modern paintings, changed from
time to time. — On the staircase: 13. F. Bol, Cornelias de Witt and his
family; 146. Paul de Vos, Boar-hunt.
Second Floob. •Studies and paintings by A. Rethel. Coins of Aix-la-
Chapelle. — Antique works of art; works in the Romanesque, Gk>thic, and
Renaissance styles. Peasant^s room from the IH. Eifel. — Room of the
18th cent., containing the •Episcopal Throne of Bishop Berdolet. — Two
rooms in the modem style.
To the E., in the Adalberts-Steinweg, to the right, is a kind of
marhle temple, erected in 1844 to commemorate the Congress of Aix
in 1818 (PI. F, 3, 4). Adjoining it is the turreted Gothic Prison
fPL F, 4), hy Cremer. — Opposite lies the Roman Catholic Cemetery
(PI. F, G, 3), containing a monument to the memory of the French
and German soldiers who died at Aix-la-Chapelle in.l870-j71. -
«d by Google
12 Route 1. BURTSCHEID. From Bruaselt
Adjoining the prison, in the Oongress-Strasse, are the Law Courts,
completed in 1888.
Ornamental gardens extend &om the Kaiser-Platz to the Pont-
Thor. In the Hansemann-Platz (PI. D, E, 2) is a monument to
David Hansemann (1790-1864), the Prussian minister (1848), who
established the Aix-la-Chapelle Fire Insurance Go. — Near it, in
the Monheims-AU^e, is the Mariahilf Hospital (PI. D, 1, 2), with
the pleasant grounds of the Stadt-Garten (closed 12-3), in which is
a new Meteorological Observatory. — On the Salvatorberg (PI. 0, 1),
to the N.W., is a pilgrimage-church.
The Louflberg (860 ft.), a wooded eminence to the N. of the
town (PL B, 1 ; cab, see p. 4), and rising 250 ft. above it, ascend-
ed in 40 min. from the Marschier-Thor, or in Y4 hr. from the Pont
Thor, is laid out in grounds and shady walks. The summit, on
which rises a pyramid (near it the Belvedere j with restaurant), com-
mands a fine survey of the busy town and the wooded, undulating
environs, as far as the outliers of the Eifel Mts. ; to the E. lies the
pretty Soersthalj with its numerous country-residences.
Contiguous to Aix on the S.E. side, but for the most part
beyond the Rhenish Railway and its viaduct (see p. 14), lies —
Burtscheid. — Batbs (comp. PI., p. 4): * Carlsbad, E. 2-4, D. 2V2,
pens. BSJf; *Boienbad, pens. 6 Jt; Louismbad, B. 2-4, B. 1, D. 2Vsi pens.
h-iO Jt (S. extra)*, MeTutelsbad^ pens. 6 Jt; Prinzenbad; Sehweribad. —
Visitors' tax at the first four 21/2 Jf, at the others IV2 J( per week.
Burtscheid or Borcette^ now incorporated with Aix-la-Ohapelle
(comp. p. 5), has considerable manufactures of cloth and needles,
and also contains important baths. The principal springs are the
Victoriabrunrien (PI. E, 6; 140°Fahr.), where a band plays every
morning from 7 to 8 and also in the afternoon or evening, the Koch^
brunnen (PI. D, 6; 158<»), and a third hot spring (162*^), which to-
gether yield such abundance of hot water as to form a Warm Brook^
adjoining which and separated from it by a footpath is the Cold
Brook. The handsome Curhaus was built in 1887-89 (good restau-
rant ; concerts). On an eminence in the centre of the town rises
the church of 8t. John the Baptist (PI. D, E, 6), which formerly
belonged to a Benedictine abbey founded by Emp. Otho III.
(d. 1002), but was rebuUt in 1730. The Church ofSU Michael, with
a lofty tower, also on the hill, was completed in 1761. The District
Offices, in the ZoUern-Str., contain wall-frescoes by Kampf (open
on Wed. & Sat. 3-6, adm. 50 pf.).
The Frankenberg (PL F, 6), past which an electric tramway runs, was
once a hunting-seat of Charlemagne, and is now in the centre of a new
quarter of the town. The present bnilding, lately restored, dates from 1642.
About >/« ^' farther in the same direction, beyond the railway, is the
Trimbomer Wildohen (Restavrcmt), a grove where a Roman legion-stone
from the Brohlthal and a Roman sarcophagus from Weisweiler may be
seen. The artificial ruin at the entrance is constructed of the fragments
of an ancient chapel. Carriage 2V3-3 Jl. About 1/2 M> farther on is Bchftn-
thai, with ita pretty grounds (no adm.), near which is a garden-restaurant.
A favourite walk is to the PauUnenw&ldchen, a grove taking ita name
to Cologne, MALMEDY. 1. BouU. 13
from Kapoleon's sister, 1 lur., by the Sandkanl-Str., the Grefelder>Str., and
then to the left through the Soers Valley (restaurant).
A pleasant excursion of about 2V2 hrs. may be arranged as follows.
By the eleetric tramway (p. 4) to the 'Waldschenke' station in the Stadt-
Waldy or by the Verviers and Li^ge railway to Ronheide^ and then walk
0/2 M. and 1 M. respectively) to the Carlahdhe CRettaurant) and on vii
the Kronprinzen-Rcut to (3 M.) the view-tower (restaurant) and to the (2 M.)
forester's house of LinzensMtuchen (restaurant). Thence we proceed through
the Burtscheid woods to the forester's house of Siegel (restaurant), whence
we take the electric tramway back to Aix. — Another plea.cant waJk (1 hr.)
leads from the Waldschenke or the Carlshohe via Heldruh and the Vier-
Idnder-atein (at the junction of Prussia, N. Moresnet, Belgium, and Holland)
to VaeU (electric tramway, see p. 5).
About 6 M. to the S.W. of Aix-la-Chapelle, on the hillside, stands the
Emnuibarg (restaurant), the ancient but lately restored castle from which
Bginhard, the private secretary of Charlemagne, is said to have abducted
the princess Emma. It may be reached either from Hergenrath^ the second
railway-station towards Liege (p. 3), near the great Oeul Viaduct^ or from
Ifontzen-Moresnet^ the second station on the Welkenraedt line. The neigh-
bouring cadmium-mines and zinc- foundries of the Vieille Montague Company
are in the parish of Moresnet, which from 1816 to 1889 belonged to Prussia
and Belgium in common.
Fbom Aix-la-Chapelle to Malmbdt, 51 M., in 31/4 hrs. — I1/4 M. Rothe
Erde, see p. 14. l^ear (5 M.) Brand , with a new church , are the water-
works of Aix, ereeted in 1871-80, with a main reservoir capable of con-
taining 1,160,000 gallons of water. — 7^/t H. GomelimiinBter (863 ft. ; 1400 in-
hab.), with the handsome late-Gothic buildings of a suppressed Abbey (now
a Roman Catholic seminary), in the picturesque valley of the Milnsterbaeh,
is a favourite point for excursions. The interesting abbey-church possesses
one of the grave-cloths of Christ and other relics, said to have been pre-
sented by Louis the Debonair. — 10 M. Walheim (tf20 ft.). — From (13 M.)
Raeren (1190 ft.), famous for its stoneware in the 16th and 17th cent., a
branch-line runs to (5 M.) Eupen (*Reinartz; Koch), a busy and pictur-
esquely situated little town (14,300 inhab.), also connected with Herbes-
thal (p. 3). Baeren and the next stations, (I8V2 M.) Roetgen (1345 ft.) and
(24 M.) Lammersdorf {±140 ft), carry on an active trade in timber. — 27Va M.
Conzen (1806 ft.).
30 M. Montjoie (1360 ft.; *H6tel de la Tour; Vecqueray; Wehhatipi)^ a
manufacturing town with 2011 inhab., lies about IV2 M. from the station,
in a magnificent situation on both sides of the Roer^ with a ruined castle
and the remains of an old watch-tower. The fortress, founded here by
Charlemagne on the ruins of a Boman stronghold CMons Jovis'), afterwards
passed to the duchy of Julich. In 1815 it was added to Prussia along with
the whole district as far as Malmedy, the inhabitants of which still speak
the Walloon dialect.^ — Beyond Montjoie the railway commands a pic-
turesque view of the* town and the deep valley of the Boer, and then of
the suppressed convent of R«ichen$tein. — From (34 M.) Kalterherberg
(1788 ft. 5 Post) a road leads through the pretty valley of the Perlbach to
(3V« M.) Montjoie. — 38V2 M. Sourbrodt, on a barren moor, is the highest
point ofj the line (1840 ft.). — 43 M. BUtgenbach (Railway Hotel) , near
which, at Eltenbom^ is a large military manoeuvre ground. At (46 M.)
Weismes (1586 ft.) the line forks , the left branch leading to (IOV2 M.)
8t. Vith (and GeroUtein, p. 205), the right to —
51 M. Malmedy (1080 ft. ; Cheval Blanc^ very fair, pens. 4-5 Jt ; Grand Cerf;
JaeiA), a town with 4700 inhab., in a picturesque valley, watered by the
Warche. Malmedy is the chief town in that part of the territory of the
immediate" Benedictine abbey of Stavelot-Malmedy (founded in 651) which
fbll to Prussia in 1815. The W. half of the territory belongs to Belgium.
Kear the town are three chalybeate springs, the water of which is exported
in large quantities.
Railway to Colognb (44 M., in IV*-^ l^^s* ; fwes 6 UJ? 6^
4 Uf 20, 2 ^ 80 pf.; express, 6 Uf 30, 4 Uf 70 pf.). Few lir
o
14 BouUl, ESCHWEILER. From BrwaeU
exhibit such varied foims of lailway engineering as that between
the Belgian frontier and Cologne. On leaving the station of Aix-la-
Ghapelle the train crosses a Viaduct 308 yds. in length, and passes
the castle of Frahkenberg (to the left; see p. 12). At (iy4M.3
Rothe Erde theMalmedy line diverges to the S. (see p. 13). 100 M.
Eilendorf. The train then passes through the iVirmerTtinnei (1/2 M.),
traverses the Reichsbusch wood, and stops at (103 M.) Stolberg Junc-
tion^ near which are the remains of a Roman villa, excavated in
1880 (key kept at the station refreshment-rooms). A short branch-
railway and an electric tramway run hence to Stolberg f Berliner Ho f;
Mildejj a prosperous town with 14,300 inhabitants. Stolberg is the
centre of one of the most important manufacturing districts in
Germany, the numerous products of which are sent to every part of
the world. For the foundation of its prosperity it was indebted to
French Protestant refugees, who established brass- foundries here
in the 17th century. The old chateau, traditionally said to have
once been a hunting-seat of Charlemagne, has been rebuilt.
The principal products of the district are zinc, lead, and silver •, there
are also manufactories of pins, needles, mirrors, glass, chemicals, etc.,
the fuel consumed by which is yielded in abundance by the coal-mines
of the Etehtoeiler Pumpe (near the railway) and others in the neighbour-
hood. There is probably no other locality in Germany where so many
branches of industry are successfully prosecuted within so small a space.
Branch-railways run from Stolberg to several busy little towns.
The train now traverses a picturesque district , with numerous
coal-mines and foundries. Near Eschweiler it crosses the /nde,
and passes through a tunnel.
105 M. Eschweiler (Kaiserhof; SchutzenhalU), a busy and rapidly
growing town of 22,000 inhab., picturesquely situated in a valley,
with a castellated hospital. The forges, foundries, puddling-works,
and factories in the immediate neighbourhood employ 3000 workmen.
The coal-mines in this district are sometimes 1300 ft. deep and
produce excellent coal.
Farther on, to the left, near Nothberg, rises a ruined castle with
four towers, and still farther on, also to the left, is the Rothger Burg.
Among the hills to the right are several villages, including Werth,
the supposed birthplace of Johann von Worth (d. 1651 ; p. 47),
and Oressenich, the ancient royal residence of Craaciniacum^ near
which are extensive mines of cadmium, iron, and lead-ore, once
worked by the Romans, as proved by Roman coins found in them.
110 M. Langerwehe (Schutzenhof), a village with 1700 inhab.,
near which are several large needle-manufactories.
The spurs of the Eifel are seen on the right. At the base of
the wooded heights of the Hochwald on the right lies the village of
MerodCf I1/2 M. from Langerwehe and 3 M. from Dftren, with an
old turreted chateau, dating from the 13th cent., formerly the seat
of a wealthy family of Belgian counts. The train crosses the Roer.
116 M. Bfiren. — Hotels. "Uommbb, Eisenbahn-Str. 24, B. & B. from
2Vf, D IV4-2, pens. 5 Jl; Schiller (Rheiniseher Ho/)^ Zehnthof-Str. 7
to Cologne. BOER VALLEY. i. Route, 15
B. 2-2Vsi B. 1, D. 2, pens. 6 Ji ; EdLNBB Hop, Koln-Str. 21 1 Duci Kaisbb,
Kaiser-Platz 17, R. lVf-2V», B. »/4 Jt.
Durerhy a busy town of 27,100 inhab., with manufactories of
cloth, paper, iron, etc., is situated on the Boer or Rur (pron. Roor)
in a fertile plain. The most conspicuous objeot in the town is the
lofty tower of the church of Su Anna, To the right of the station
are the buildings of the proYincial Lunatic and Blind Asylums,
Adjacent is the new 8t, Joachim$~Kirche. The Rathhaua contains a
collection of antiquities. The town contains Monuments to Emp,
William /., Bismarck, and Afoiffee, all by J. Uphues, and a War
Monument by Prof. Frentzen. In the Boer Promenade is a bronze
bust of Emp. William II., by Begas (1897).
The Yalley of the Boer presents some very pictureaqae points above
Kreuzau (Knipraths Inn), a village 4 M. to the S. of Diiren (narrow-gauge
line in 19 min.). An omnibns plies hence twice dailv over the hills to
Hideggen, bat pedestrians diverge here to the right and ascend the valley,
which gradually contracts and is bounded by lofty sandstone rocks, to
(V4 hr.) Winden, (»/« hr.) Unter-Maubach (Strepp, pens. 34 JOy and (V4 br.)
Ober-Maubach. We then turn to the left by the chapel, pass the first side-
valley, and ascend, opposite the Mausaul rocks, to the village of Bergstein,
which has long been visible. Before reaching the wooded summit of the
Burgherg (view-tower) we have a fine survey of the Beer valley, and from
the top we obtain a superb view of the ruins of Nideggen. We then descend
into the valley to Zerkall^ and again ascend to (IV4 hr.) Nideggen (*Heiliger,
B. iV2-3, D. from 11/4, pens. iJ(; Heergarten; Seinen^ unpretending), with
well-preserved town-walls, situated on a rock rising precipitously from the
Boer, and crowned with the conspicuous ruins of a castle dating from 1180,
which was o&ce a favourite residence of the Counts and Dukes of Jiilich.
The keep, with its Bomanesque chapel, is the largest of its kind in Ger-
many ; while the *PaIas' (14th eent.) is the largest hall of its period in W.
Germany, next to the Bathhaus Hall in Aix-la-Chapelle. — Following
the valley beyond Nideggen, the traveller next reaches (V« hr.) Abenden,
{20 min.) Blens, and (20 min.) Hansen; or we may cross the river at Blens
and proceed on the left bank via Habertaul to the picturesque village
of Heimbach (Po$i; Scheid). with the small ruin of Hengebcieh. The
church contains a carved altar of the 16th century. From Heimbach,
Zulpich (p. 203) may be reached by diligence in 3 hrs. A picturesque walk,
chiefly through wood, leads from Heimbach past the former Trappist con-
vent of Maria-Wald and viil Wolfgarten to (2V2 hrs.) GemUnd (p. 203) i and
another (guide needful to the forester^s house of PavUhof) to Rfshrberg and
the fine view-point Am Kreuz, near Einruhr (3^/2 hrs. ; inn). The road from
(j^mund to (ITVz M.) Uontjoie (jp. 13) leads via Einruhr and Simmerath.
Fbom D6BEN TO Nedss, 3OV2 M. , railway in IV4 hr. ; stations EUdorf,
Bedburg^ Hafff-, €frevenbroich, Capellen-Wevelinghoven. Neuss, see p. 56.
From Durbm to JtJLioH, 972 M., in 40 minutes. — Jiilich or Juliert (Diss-
mann; Quack), with 6400 inhab., the capital of the ancient duchy of that
name, has belonged to Prussia since 1814. The fortifications were dis-
mantled in 1860. Julich is now also connected with Aix-la-Ghapelle (17Vs M. ;
IV4 hr.) by a direct line yiS^ Aldenhovm, Mariagrube^ WUrselen, and Kaisertruh.
From Diiren to Efukirchen and Trivet^ see p. 208.
12172 M. Buir. — 129 M. Horrem lies in the luxuriant vale of
the Erft, which abounds with seats of the Rhenish noblesse. To the
right are the chateaux of Frenz An6.Hemmershach or Horremer Burg.
From Horrem a pleasant excursion may be made to (2V2 M.) Ichen-
<^/ (good inn), and thence either via the old convent of Kdnigtdorf (nov
a farm) to the station of Gross-Konigsdorf (p. 16) ; or vi^ Baron vr
Oppenheim^s ch&teau of 8chlenderhdhn to (IV2 M.) Quadrath and on pa
(IV2 M.) Bergheim (Hotel Weidenbach), a pretty little town on the En
16 Route 2. ROTTERDAM. From Rotterdam
Narrow-gauge railways run from Horrem to OVa M.) JUt>lar (p. 202),
and via Bedburg (p. 13) to (17 M.) Ameln.
The Erftthal is quitted by the Konigsdorf tnnnel, 1 M. long.
To the left, beyond (132 M.) Oross-Konigadorfy in the distance,
is the village of Brauweilery with an ancient Benedictine Abbey,
now a reformatory. The Abbey Church, an imposing late-Roman-
esque edifice with three towers, rebuilt in the 13th cent, contains
a crypt of the 11th cent, and some interesting Romanesque sculp-
tures. The frescoes on the vaulting of the chapter-house (scenes
from the Epistle to the Hebrews) date from the 12th century.
As Cologne is approached the line traverses a fertile plain,
studded with detached houses and factories. The hills to the right
are spurs of the Vorgebirge^ a low range which begins on the left
bank of the Rhine between Cologne and Bonn.
135 M. Lovenich, — 139 M. Ehrenfeldy a large and busy manu-
facturing suburb of Cologne.
141 M. Ck>logne, see R. 3.
2. From Botterdam to Cologne.
Comp. Map, p. 64.
Railway (1) by Utrecht, Zevenaar, Emmerich, Oberhausen, and
Diisseldorf^ (2) by Utrecht, Zevenaar, Gleve, and Grefeld. Expbbss by
both lines in 6-61/2 hrs. (fares 12 florins 70 cents, 10 fl., 6 fl. 40 c). Examin-
ation of Inggage at the Prussian custom-house at Elten. (The Dutch florin,
or guilder, worth 1«. 8rf., is divided into 100 cents.)
The through-trains from Hoek van Holland (p. xv), in connection with
the Harwich steamers, run to Cologne in 6V2 ^ra., vi& Rotterdam, Dordrecht,
Nymwegen, Venlo, Kaldenkirchen (Prussian custom-house revision), Crefeld
(p. 56), and Neuet (p. 66).
Rotterdam t. — Hotds. *]Iaa8 Hotel, near the steamboat-piers, B.
from 21/2, D. 2V2fl-; Victobia, Willemsplein^ *Wbimab, Spaansche Eade ;
•Letobaaf, Weatplein; Hotel de Fbancb, Hoogstraat: St. Lucas, Hoog-
straat; Coomans, Hoofdsteg 12, R. & B. from l»/4, D. 1-1 V« fl.
Oab per drive without luggage, 1-2 pers. 60 c, 3-4 pers. 70 c; per
hr. 1 fl. 25 c. ; to or from any of the railway-stations, with luggage, Ifl.
— The Rhenish Rail. Station is not far from the London steamboat-piers.
Omn. to or from the hotels 25 c.
Rotterdam, with 320,000 inhab., the second commercial town
in Holland, is situated on the right bank of the Maas, about 15 M.
from the German Ocean. It is intersected by numerous canals
(grachten, or havens), which give the town a very picturesque ap-
pearance ; and numerous drawbridges (ophaalhruggen) afford com-
munication between the various quarters of the town.
A huge dyke or embankment runs through the centre of the
town, protecting the lower quarters (Binnenstad) from inundation
during high tide. The Hoogstraat, or high street, is built on this
dyke ; and the finest part of the town , the Buitenstad , is situated
between this street and the Maas.
t For a fuller description of Dutch towns, see Baedeker't Belgium and
Holland. ^ .
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
to Cologne, UTRECHT. 2. Routt. 17
About 5000 sea-going vessels annually enter and quit the port,
and the traffic with the Upper Rhine by means of barges, towed by
powerful tug-steamers, is very considerable. Rotterdam also contains
a number of manufactories and distilleries.
The traveller's leisure had better be devoted to a walk on the
busy quay (Boompjes) ; to the Gothic Church of St. Lawrence
(Oroote Kerk) , a brick building dating from 1477 , and containing
the monuments of Admiral de Witt and other celebrated Dutchmen ;
and to Boymans* Museum^ a very fair collection of pictures, open
daily (except Mon,) 10-6 (in winter 10-3). Those who have a day at
their disposal are recommended to spend it at The Hague (by railway
in 3/4 hr. ; see Baedeker's Belgium ar^d Holland).
The district traversed by the railway is perfectly flat, lying con-
siderably below the level of the sea, which is excluded by means of
carefully-constructed dykes and embankments. Canals, pasture-land ,
and occasional windmills are the principal features of the scenery.
The first station of importance is —
121/2 M. Oondsy or Ter Oouw (*De Zalm^ in the market-place),
on the Tssel, with 22,000 inhab., the staple commodities of which
are bricks, clay-pipes, and an inferior kind of cheese. The principal
church (Oroote or Jans Kerk) contains some flue old stained glass.
38 M. TJtreoht (^Pays Bas; *Kasteel van Antwerpen; H6t. de
V Europe; BelUvue; H6t. de la Station, at the station), the 'Oude
Trecht' or old ford, the Trajectum ad Rhenum of the Romans,
is one of the most ancient towns in Holland (pop. 100,000). It
belonged at one time to Lorraine , then to the German Empire,
and was frequently the residence of the emperors. Here in 1579
the union of the seven provinces Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht,
Guelders , Over-Yssel , Friesland , and Groningen ^s effected, and
William I. of Orange was created stadtholder. In 1672 Louis XIV.
took possession of the town and levied an enormous contribution.
The well-known Peace of Utrecht, which ended the Spanish War of
Succession, was concluded here in 1713. — The Rhine divides here
into two arms : the Old Rhine, falling into the German Ocean near
Katwyk, and the Vecht, falling into the Zuider Zee.
Utrecht was celebrated at a very early period for its fine
churches , the most interesting of which is the ^Cathedral, founded
in 720, and dating in its present form from 1254-67. The Uni-
versity, founded in 1636, is attended by about 750 students.
Beyond Utrecht the line crosses the canal (Vaartsche Rhyn) which
unites the town with the Lek. Pleasant retrospect of Utrecht. To
the right and left are four intrenchments (lunettes) , now disused.
At (45 M.) Zeist (near which is Driehergen) there is a Moravian
colony; then stations Maarsbergen, and Veenendaal, with numeror
apiaries. The line intersects the extensive moor of the Veluu
which extends as far as the Zuider Zee. 6972 M. Wolfheten,
Basobxek's Rhine. 15th Edit. 2* jl^
18 Route 2. WESEL. From Rotterdam
73 M. Arnhem (^Zorij on the N.W. side of the town, nearest
the rail. stat. ; *Bellevuej V4 M. beyond the Zon, prettily situated ;
*Pay8-BaSj in the Groote Markt ; Zwynshoofd, very fair ; De Pauw^
near the station, second-class), with 57,250 inhah., long the seat of
the Dukes of Guelders , is still the capital of that province. Al-
though a good specimen of a clean Dutch town, it offers little to detain
the traveller. The Groote Kerk contains monuments of the Dukes
of Guelders. The Town Hall derives its local appellation of Dui-
velshuis (^devil's house*) from the grotesque figures which adorn it.
The environs of Arnheim far surpass those of any other Dutch town
in attraction. Railway to Zutphen and Salzhergen, see Baedeker's
Northern Germany.
82 M. Zevenaxir is the Dutch, 87 M. Elten the Prussian frontier
station. Hence, crossing the Rhine, to Gleve and Cologne, see R. 4.
The line by Dusseldorf to Cologne remains on the right bank.
93 M. Emmerich (Hdtel Royal, R. 2-3, B. 8/4, D. 2V2 J^ ; Hof
von Holland, R. from 2, D. 2 Jf ; H6tel Bahnhof; Rheinhofy R.
2-3 Jf) is a clean Dutch-looking town with 10,600 inhabitants.
At the upper end rises the Gothic spire of the Aldegundis-Kirche, at
the lower is the Mwnater-Kirche, in the Romanesque style of the 11th
and 12th centuries. The tower of the latter is of the 15th cent.,
while below the choir is a crypt of the 11th century. The carved
choir-stalls date from 1486. Among the treasures of the sacristy is
the *"Willibrordi Arche', a golden casket of the 8th century.
97 M. Praest. From (100 M.) Empel a narrow-gauge railway
runs to (3 M.) Rees^ a small town on the Rhine. 103 M. Haldem;
106 M. Mehrhoog.
113 M. Wesel (Dombusch, R. 2-3, B. 3/^, D. 2 Uf, very fair;
Escherhaus, with a frequented garden ; Germania; Kaiserhof, all near
the station ; Giesen), a town with 22,500 inhab., situated at the con-
fluence of the Rhine and Lippe and formerly strongly fortified. The
Berliner Thor^ a relic of the fortifications, erected in 1718-22 and
restored in 1892, is adorned with sculptures and inscriptions. The
handsome Rathhaus, lately restored, and embellished with seven
modern statues on the facade, dates from 1396. Opposite stands a
war-monument for 1870-71. *8t. Willibrord's Church, in the market-
place, is the finest Gothic edifice on the Lower Rhine after the cath-
edral at Xanten (p. 58). It was begun in 1424 and completed as far as
the choir goes in 1526. In 1882-96 the nave was added and the whole
restored. The ornamentation of the gables deserves attention. The
slender iron fleche is new. The interesting interior (sacristan, Grosse
Markt 144) is adorned with partly modern and partly ancient ceiling-
paintings, while the vaulting of the choir is a miracle of the stone-
mason^s art. A marble tablet records that Peregrine Bertie, Lord
Willoughby d'Eresby, son of Richard Bertie and Catherine, Duchess
of Suffolk, was born here in 1555. The exiles were Protestants, who
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to Cologne. DUISBURG. 2. Route. 19
had fled from the persecutions of Queen Mary, and were permitted
by the magistrates of Wesel to take up their quarters in the ohurch,
then unoccupied. — The Lower Rhenish Museum, in theGold-Str.,
contains antiquities, weapons, and domestic utensils (adm. 50 c.l
The Mathena-Kirche, begun in 1429, has an iron tower added in 1882.
— In the Exercier^Platt, V2 M. from the station, is a Monument on
the spot where 11 Prussian officers of Von SchiWs Corps, captured
by the French in Stralsund, were shot in 1809.
The town is joined by a bridge-of-boats with the island of B^derieh
and the left bank of the Rhine. The river is also spanned here by the
large railway-bridge of the Geldem-Venlo and Ooch-Boxtel lines (see Bae-
deker^s Belffiwn and Holland^. — A local steamer plies four times daily in
summer from Wesel to Xanten (p. 68) in Vs hr. (retnm-fare 1 J()- — Rail-
way to £a2<en», see Baedeker's Northern Germany ; to Winterswyk vii Boeholt,
see Saedeker^s Belgium and Holland.
The train crosses theLippe and traverses aflat and bleak district.
121 M. Dinslaken lies IV2 M. from the Rhine, on which, 3 M.
higher up, is the old town of Of soy, formerly fortified. The Roman
Catholic church of Orsoy contains an important early-Flemish carved
altar, with painted wings (ca. 1480-90). — Beyond (128 M.) Sterk-
rode, with an extensive foundry, we cross the Emseher.
131 M. Oberhausen (*Rail. Restaurant; *Hof von Holland,
R. from 2, B. 1, D.2 JK; Central HoUl; ReichskroneJ, a town of
recent origin, with 42,200 inhab., is the junction of the Cologne-
Minden, Mulheim-Essen, Ruhrort, and Altenessen-Dortmund lines.
Fsou Obbbhausen to Rdhbo&t (SVa M.), branch-line via Meiderich, with
importantpron-works, in V4 hr. (70, 65, 35 pf.). — Ruhrort (Cleve ffotel^ very
fair; Pretusischer Ho/; RheinUcher Hof)^ with 12,400 inhab., lies on the Rhine
at the influx of the Ruhr^ and is mainly engaged in the exportation of coal
and importation of ore for the Rhenish- Westphalian iron - industry. Its
harbour and docks, covering 400 acres (125 acres water-surface) and about
to be extended, form one of the largest river-ports in Europe and are sur-
rounded with coal -magazines, connected by branch-lines with the main
railways. The ship-building yards of Ruhrort are of considerable extent.
At the harbour are monuments to the Emp. WilUam J. (PI. 9) and to Ludtoig
vonVincke (d. 1844), the president of the province of Westphalia, who materi-
ally improved the natrigation of the Ruhr. Opposite the railway-station
are the blast and puddliag furnaces of the Phoenix Co. — Branch-lines to
(7 H.) Sterkrade (see above) and (7 M.) Millheim (p. 62). — Steamboat to
Hovpiberg., and raUw y thence to Uerdingen and Crefeld^ see p. 62.
The train now crosses the Ruhr.
136 M. Dnisburg. — Hotels. ^EubopXischeb Hof, Burg-Platz 3,
with wine-room^ ^Beblinbb Hof, R. 3-5, B. 1, D. 1V2-3 Jl; Sghapbb, these
two close to the rail, station : Kaisbbhof, E5nig-Str.; Fbinz Rbgbnt, Uni-
versitats-Str. 1, very fair, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 1V4-2V* UT.
Cab to the town V4-I Jl. — Tramway to RvJirort every 1/4 hr. — Steam
Tramways to the foot of the Kaieerherg (p. 20), to Kaisers werth (p. 25), and
to Dusseldorf (p. 20).
Duishurg, a very ancient town, situated near the Rhine and the
Ruhr, is connected with both riyers by means of a canal. It is now
an important manufacturing town, with 92,700 inhab., and one of the
chief dep6ts of the Ruhr coal traffic. The Salvator-Kirche (PL 16), of
the 15th cent., restored in 1850, contains an epitaph to the memory
2* -
20 BouU2, DUSSELDORF. From Rotterdam
of the geographer Oerhard Mercator (d. 1594), to whom a monnment
was erected in 1878 in the neighbouring Burg-Platz. Fine view from
the KaUerberg (Monning's Inn), on the way to Miilheim, 1^4 M. from
the station, witii a monument to Emp. William I. (PL 18). — Rail-
way to Crefeld and Essen, see p. 62.
Near (140 M.) Orosaehbaum is the chateau otHeltorf, the property
of Count Spee, adorned with frescoes by masters of the DQsseldorf
school. — From (144 M.) Calcum a diligence runs 4 times daily to
(21/2 M.) KaUerswerth (p. 25).
150 M. Dusseldcrf. — Bailway BUtiont. Central Station iffaupt-
bahnhof, PL B, 6; *Beataurant , D. 2-2Vs Jf), for aU trains of the Bight>
Rhenish lines and for those of the left bank running vit Neoss. The
Derendorf Station (PI. E, 2, 8), to the N., and the Bilk Station (PL B, 8), to
the S., are stopped at by the ordinary trains only. — There is also a
station at Obereassel, on the left bank of the Bhine (PL A, 4; p. 56).
Hotels. '^BBSinBNBACHBB HoF (PL a ; C, 6), AU^e-Str. 84a, with lift and
restaurant, B. 31/2-6, B. iy4, D. 2V2-3V2, omn. »/4 Jt ; 'Pabk Hotbl (PL 0 ; C, 4),
prettily situated in the Comelius-Platz, with lift, B. from 4, B. li/s, d^j. 8,
D. 6, omn. 1 Jt; *HdTBL Botal (PL f ; D, 6), Bismarck-Str. 103, near the
Central Bailway Station, with wine- restaurant and lift, B. 21/2-6, B. 1,
D. 2-8 U^ ; *HdTBL Hbck (PL e : G, 5), Blumen-Str. 16, with a garden and
glased veranda, B. 21/2-5, B. 1, D. 8, pens, from 7 Jt ; *BdMi8CHBB Kaiseb
(PL z\ B, 6), Benrather-Str. 3, commercial, B. 21/2, B. V«i D. 21/2, pens. 5-6 Jt;
EuBOPBAN Hotel (PL b ; B,^. Friedrich-Str. 1, with restaurant, well spoken
of, B. 21/2-3, B. 1, D. 21/2 ur. — Hansa Hotel (PLm; 0,6), Wilhelms-
Platz 18, near the Central Station, B. 21/2-6, B. 1, D. 2V2-afi/2 UT, new;
MoNOPOL (PL h; D, 5), Eaiser-Wilhelm-Str. 2, with lift and restaurant,
B. 21/2-6, B. 1, D. 11/2-8, pens, from 6 Jt; Mebkcb, Schadow-Str. 40; Abtus-
HOF (PL p ; C, 6), Aders-Str., B. 8-4, D. from I1/2 Jl ; Ddsseldorpbb Hop,
Kaiser -Wilhelm-Str. 2; Eaisebhop, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Str. ;Pbinz Albxandeb,
Alexander -Platz, B. 2-8, B. »A, D. I1/2-2 UT. — The foUowing have beer-
restaurants : *HdTEL Bbistol (PL g ; D, 6), Wilhelms-Platz 12 with lift, B.
2V2-41/S, B. 1, D. from i}/tJt; Gbbmania (PL n; D, 6), Bismarck-Str. 101,
by the Central Station (PL B, 6), B. 21/2-71/2, B. I1/4, D. (in the restaurant) 2-3 Jf ;
Bahnhop-H6tbl (PL 1 •, D, 6), opposite the Bailway Station, B. 21/4-5, B. 1,
D. ii/2-3 ur. — Chbistliches Hospiz, Graf-Adolf-Str. 59 (PL C, D, 6). —
Pensions : Cfreeven^ Schumann-Str. 2, pens. 4-10 Jt ; Schvts, Stein-Str. 85 :
KrUsemanny Feld-Str. 22; -4. Jf«fer, Victoria-Str. 34 (4-7 Jf)\ BirJter^feld,
Grafenberger Chauss^e 67 (4-6 UT); Fibers- Gildemai/er, Hohenzollern-Str. 28.
— Augmta-Haiu (for ladies). Stefanien-Str. 14.
Beataurants. Wine. At the above-named Hotel* ; *ThUmaga, Elber-
felder-Str. 11 (PL C, 4, 6), D. from QJt; *Walther. Allde-Str. 24, D. 2-8 UT;
*Reh*tocky Grtln-Str. 4, D.Z^ijM; Bach, Harold-Str. 17 ; Seulen, Berger-Str. 35;
*Zum Alten Zoll, Andreas-Str. 2 ; DUssehSehlduchen (p. 22), Schlossufer 1. —
Bbeb. At the above-named Hotels; TonJuxile Restaurant^ Schadow-Str.; LSwe,
Schadow-Platz 81, D. I1/4-IV4UI; Hansa Restaur.^ at the hotel of that name
(see above); Rothes Haus, Josephinen-Str. 8, with garden. — Wine Booma.
Faecenda, Eonigs-Allde 7, Stadt Venediff^ Graf Adolf-Str. 41 (lUlian wines
at these); Continental Bodega. K6mgs-All6e 26.
Oafds. *Comelius Cafi, Eonigs-All^e 9 ; *Bierhoff^ Breite-Str. 4 Oargely
frequented by ladies); Branscheidt^ Eck-Str. 1 ; Arab Cafi, Graf-Adolf-Str. 44 ;
Ananasberg^ Eiskdlerberg^ both in the Hof-Garten (p. 24): Cafi Alter Bahnhof,
Graf-Adolf-Platz. — Confectioner. *Weitz, K6nigs-All^e 89.
Placet of Amusement. *Ton?ialle (PL D, 4), i^-ith a garden and concert-
rooms (music several times a week, 60 pf.; symphony-concert on Thurs.
A Sat.); Zoological Garden (PL F, 1, 2), see p. 25; *Flora Garden (PL B, 8;
p. 24), with palm-house (concert twice weeUj ;50 pf.) ; Volks- Qarten (PL £, 8).
Theatres. Stadt-Theater (PL C, 4; p. 23), All^e-Str.; performances be-
tween Sept. 15th and AprU 16th. — Apollo Theatre (PL 2; C, 6), Konigs-
y Google
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to Cologne, DtJrSSELDORF. 2, RouU. 21
All^e, variety performances and operettas; ReicTuTuaUeny Hohe-Str. 83, variety
performances.
Baths. TotDn Baths (swimming. Tarkish, etc.), entered either from the
Grfln-Str. or the Bahn-Str. (PI. C, 4). — Siver Baths ^ see PI. B, 3 and A, 3.
Gabs. Per drive of 2 kil. (IV4 H.), 1-2 persons 60, 3-4 pers. 80 pf. ^ each
kil. additional 30 or 40 pf. extra. By time: Vshr-i 1-2 pers. iV2, 3-4 pers.
2 JT; Ihr., 21/4 or 3ur;lV2lir., SJl, SUT OOpf.; 2 hrs., 3 UT 76, 4 UT 80 pf. —
There are also Taxameter Cabs and Taxameter Motor CabL with a special tariff.
Electrio Tramways ply to the Rhine Bridge (p. 22), the Flora (p. 20),
the Cemetery^ the Zoological Garden (p. 25), Orafenberg (p. 26), etc. ; comp.
the Plan. — Electric Bailwaya run to Vohwinkel (p. 63), vi4 Benrafh (p. 25)
and Hilden; to (14 M.) every 1/2 ^^') Crefeld (p. 66), Ti& Obereassel (p. 56),
Heerdt (p. 56), BUdench (p. 58), and Osteraih (p. 56); to Neuss (p. 56), via
Obereassel and Heerdt; and to Dttisbwg (p. i9), visl Kaiserstoerfh (p. 26).
Local Bteamera ply 3-4 times daily to Kaiserswerth (p. 25) and Uerdingen
(p. 62).
Post Office (PI. B, 6), at the corner of the Casernen-Str. andHarold-Str.
Telegraph Office (PI. C, 5), Konigs-All^e 29.
Picture Gallery, 8chulte*s, All^e-8tr. 42 (adm. 50 pf.).
British Consul for Westphalia and the Bhenish Provinces: Thos, R.
Mulvaney^ Esq., Derendorfer-Str. 1. — American Oonsul: Peter Lieber, Esq.
Ei^Ush Ohnroh Service at 8 and 11.15 a.m., in the smaller Protestant
Church, Berger-Strasse. Chaplain, Rev. W. F. Connor^ Brehm-Str. 8.
DusscWor/ (88 ft.), the capital of the district of that name, with
213,000 inhah., lies on the right hank of the Rhine at the influx of
the Dusselbach. With the exception of some of the oldest streets, it
is a pleasant and well-huilt town. First mentioned in a docament
of 1159, it was chosen at the beginning of the 16th cent, as a resi-
dence by the Dukes of Berg, and on their becoming extinct in 1609
it continued to be the residence of the Princes Palatine. It reached
the acme of its prosperity under the splendour-loving Elector John
William (1690-1716), who invited numerous artists to his court and
established the picture-gallery. On his death the Princes Palatine
transferred their seat to Mannheim. In 1767 Elector Charles Theodore
founded the Vusseldorf Academy of Arty which was reorganised in
1819 and became one of the chief centres of German art (comp. p. 22).
Recently Dusseldoif has become an Important industrial and com-
mercial town, with an extensive new harbour (to the S.W. of
PI. A, 6, 7).
In the heart of the older part of the town, with its narrow and
irregular streets, once stood the old Electoral Palace, which Was
burned down in 1872 and afterwards removed except the restored
tower. In the Burg-Platz (PL B , 4) stands the Provincial Library y and
behind this is the Art- Industrial School, an edifice in the French
Renaissance style, built by Westhofen in 1882.
A little to the S. is the Mabkbt Plaob (PI. B, 5), with the
Bathhans, or Town Eally built by Heinrich Tuswnann in 1570-73
(the W. wing in the French Renaissance style added in 1885). The
council-room (adm. Sun. & Wed., 11-12.30) is embellished |with
modern historical frescoes. In front of the Rathhaus rises an
equestrian Statue of Elector John WiWtam, in bronze, over lifesize,
by Orupello (1711), erected according to the inscription by the
22 JRoute 2. DUSSELDORF. From Rotterdam
citizens, but in reality by the elector himself. — In the neigh-
bouring Bolker-Strasse (No. 63) Heinrich HeinCj the poet, was bom
in 1799 (d. 1856). -— Beside the MaximUians-Pfarrkirche (PI. B, 5)
rises a Column of 8t Mary, by J. Reiss.
The Church of St. Lambert (PL B, 4), a Gothic edifice of the
end of the 14th cent. , with a tower partly Romanesque, contains at
the back of the high-altar the Monument in marble of William V.
(d. 1592) and John William III. (d. 1609), the last two dukes of
Cleve and Berg, and of other members of their family, erected in 1629.
There are also a late-Gothic Tabernacle and an *Antependium', on
a gold ground, representing the patrons of the church, painted
and presented by A. Achenbaeh. — An inscription in the Ratinger-
Strasse (No. 45) indicates the house in which Carl Immermann
(1796-1840), the author, died.
The Church of St. Andrew (PI. 3 ; B, 4), formerly the church
of the Court and of the Jesuits, completed in 1629 by Deodat del
Monte, a pupil of Rubens, and connected with the old Jesuit Col-
lege which is now occupied by the government-offices, contains the
tombs of Count Palatine Wolfgang William (d. 1653) and Elector
John William (see p. 21), in the choir. Altar-pieces by Deger,
Hiibner, and W. Schadow.
On the W. side of the old town, between the harbour (p. 21)
and the Rhine Bridge, extends the Bhine Promenade , completed
in 1902, and bearing different names in its different sections
(Berger-Ufer, Bathhaus-Ufer, Schloss-Ufer). The Dussel-Schlosschen
(p. 20) and other buildings are situated here.
The Bhine Bridge (PL A, B , 4; toU 6pf.), built from the
designs of Prof. Krohn in 1896-98, spans the stream in two arches,
197 yds. in width and 75 ft. aboYO the water-level. The gateways
at each end were designed by Prof. Schill ; the central pier bears a
gigantic lion, the cognizance of Diisseldorf .
On the N. side of the old town rises the Academy of Art
(PL B, 4), an imposing Renaissance edifice by Eiffart, com-
pleted in 1881 (comp. p. 21). The principal facade, 520 ft. long,
is turned towards the Hof- Garten. It contains several studios and
class-rooms, a collection of plaster-casts, etc. On the groundflour
are the remains of the once famous Galleby of Old Mastbbs, the
greater part of which was removed to Munich in 1805 (open free on
Sun., 12-1, and Wed., 11-1 ; at other times 50pf., more than 1 pers.
25 pf. each). The most valuable paintings are an Assumption by
Rubens (ca. 1620) and Madonnas by Cima da Conegliano and Qiov,
Bellini. It also contains a large collection of drawings of every school
(14,000 in number) and engravings, and the Ramboux collection of
water-colours. The Aula, on the second floor, is adorned with good
frescoes (the Course of Human Life) by Peter Janssen (b. 1844),
Director of the Academy since 1895. . r^^^^i^
Digitized by V^OOQ LC
to Cologne. DUSSELDORF. 2. Route. 23.
Adjacent, Renter-Caserne la, is the Histoeical Museum (P].B,4),
a collection of Roman and Frankish antiquities, coins, portraits, and
views and plans of Diisseldorf (open free, Sun. & Wed. 11-1 ; list of
the pictures 30 pf).
The old town is separated from the Modbbn Quabtees on the
E. side hy the hroad Allee-Strasse (PI. B, C, 4, 5), in which rise
bronze statues of Emp. WUUam /., Bismarck j and Moltke. — On the
light is the —
Kunstlialle (PI. 4} B,4), erected in 1881 in the French Renais-
sance style by Oiese and enlarged in 1902, with a large mosaic on the
facade (Truth as the foundation of Art, after Fr. Rosber, by SaWiati).
It contains an Exhibition of Modem Paintings (on sale) as well as the
^Municipal Oallery of modem Diisseldorf masters. On the staircase-
walls are frescoes by 0. Gehrts, representing the History of Art. Adm.
daily 9-6, 50 pf. (free on Wed. after 1 p. m.); catalogue 30 pf.
Landscapes by A. Achenbaeh'^ 0. Achenbach^ Funeral at Palestrina and
three Italian landscapes^ C. Begas^ Exposure of Moses-, Ed. Bendemcmn^
W. Camphansen, the painter ^ Betoer, Beheading of John the Baptist;
L. Bokehnann. Funeral in N. Friesland \ F. Briltt , Condemned ; W. Catnp-
hausen^ Frederick the Great; Coi^nelius^ The Wise and Foolish Virgins,
one of the earliest works, and one of the few oil-paintings executed by
this master, begun in 18i3, formerly in the possession of Thoryaldsen;
DeikeTy Savage dogs; E. DUeker^ Ooast-acene; F. J. FagerUn^ The rejected
suitor (a Dutch interior) ; E. von Od>hardt , The young man of great posses-
sions; J. P. Hasenclevert Wine- tasting, the master's last picture; Th. Hilde-
brandty Wappers, the Antwerp painter ; J. HUbner^ Portrait of Prof. Keller ;
E. HUnten^ Episode at the Battle of Gravelotte; P. Jamten, The monk
Walther Dodde and the peasants of Berg before joining in the battle of
Worringen ; R. Jordan , The first child ; A. Kampf, Frederick the Great and
his generals; L. Knaus^ Card-players and a genre-piece; F. von Lenbaeh^
Prince Bismarck ; C. F. Lessing^ Landscape with military scene ; Kl. Meyer^
Merry musicians ; G. Miilleft Annunciation ; L. Munthe, Two winter-scenes ;
F. Neuhcnuy Helfenstein; J. Niesten^ Portrait of Schirmer; A. Jformann^
XorwegiaD Qord; Th. RocJwll^ Stragglers; J. RSting^ Portraits of W. Schadow
and C. F. Lessing; J. W. Bchirmer, Italian landscape, Dutch landscape.
Twenty-six Biblical scenes ; A. 8chrddtei\ Don Quixote before Dulcinea of
Toboso ; A. Seely Church of St. Mark, Venice ; G. Sohn^ Tasso and the two
Leonoras; A. Tidtmand, Service of the Haugianer in Xorway; B. Fancier,
'Little Obstinate'.
The Hoseum of Art ft Industry (PL B, 4), a building in the
Butch Renaissance style by 0. Hecker, on the N. side of the
Friedrichs-Platz, was completed in 1896. It is open daily, except
Mon., 10-4, on Sun. & holidays 10-1 (adm. 50 pf.).
The collections include textile fabrics, lace, embroidery, bindings,
pottery, porcelain, works in iron, and wood-carvings. It also contains a
good Japanese and Indian collection (2nd floor). The series of rooms fitted
up in the old-German, Flemish, Oriental, and other styles is interesting.
On the E. side of the AlMe-Strasse is the handsome Theatre
{^Stadt-Theater; PI. 0, 4), buUt in 1876 by Qiese, with statues of
Mendelssohn and Immermann (by CLBuscher; 1901) on the fagade, —
Behind the theatre is the War Memorial, designed by Prof. Hilgers
and erected in 1892 in memory of the campaigns of 1864, 1866,
and 1870-71, The inscription is by H. Sudermann, tha dramatist.
:«d by LjOOg,
24 Route 2. DOSSELDORF. From RotUrdam
To the S. of this point, in the Cornelius-Platz, liges the bronze
Statue of Cornelius (PI. 0, 4), the eminent painter (b. at Diissel-
dorf in 1783, d. 1867), by Donndorf, erected in 1879. At the sides
of the handsome pedestal are allegorical figures of Poetry and Reli-
gion. — The house in which Cornelius was born, Kurze-Strasse 15,
is marked by a memorial slab.
Farther on is the Schadow-Platz (Pi. C, 4, 5), which is em
bellished with a colossal Bust of W. Schadow (b. 1789, d. 1862), in
bronze, designed by Wittig. — Mendelssohn lived at No. 30,
Schadow-Str., in 1833-35, while he was municipal director of music
at Dusseldorf. — The hall of the Beal-Gymnasiam, or Technical
School (PI. 0, D, 5), Kloster-Str. 7, is adorned with an allegorical
frieze by Ed, Bendemannj representing Art, Science, Commerce, and
Industry (admission 50 pf.). — The Church of the Immaculate Con-
ception (PI. D, 5), in the Ost-Str., a Gothic building by Becker, was
erected in 1896.
In the KOnigs-Platz (PI. C, 5) is the Protestant Church of
8t. John, in the Romanesque style, erected in 1876-81 from plans
by Kyllmann and Heyden. On the S.W. side of the Platz is the
Jnstiz-Oeb&nde, or court-house, the assize-room in which contains
Schadow's last great oil-painting (Paradise, Hell, and Purgatory).
From the Cornelius-Platz the Konigs-All6b (PI. C, 5, 6), embel-
lished with a group of Tritons by Fr. Courhillkr (1902), leads to
the park-grounds at the Schwanenspiegel and Kaiserteich. Here stands
the FrovinBial-St&ndehaiis, or House of the Rhenish Estates (PI. B,
6, 7), built in 1879 in the Italian style by Raschdorff. The bronze
group in front of it, by Tiishaus and Janssen (1897), represents the
Rhine and its Tributaries. — The new late-Gothic Church of St, Peter
(PI. B, 7) is by Pickel. — In the Flora-Strasse, which leads to the
Flora Garden (p. 20), is the Friedens-Kirche, which contains frescoes
by Ed. von Gebhardt — In the former village of BUky to the W.,
now a part of Btisseldorf, are the Observatory and the Romanesque
church of 8t Martin (PI. A, 7, 8), the oldest part of which dates
from the 11th century.
Adjoining the AlMe-Str. (p. 22) and the Cornelius-Platz is the
Hof-Garten (PI. B-D, 3, 4; caftf-restaurant, p. 20), which was laid
out in 1769, but was extended and altered with artistic taste after
the levelling of the fortifications in 1804-13. The well-kept grounds
extend down to the Rhine on the W., and on the £. to the Jdgerhof
(PI. D, 4), once a hunting-lodge of Elector Charles Theodore (1760).
The stables in the Pempelforter-Str. are tastefully adorned with
carved wood-work.
The former Pempelfort Garden (PI. D, 4), once the residence of
the philosopher Friedrich Heinrioh Jacob! (d. 1819), and visited by
Goethe, Herder, Wieland, and other celebrities of that period, now
belongs to the Halkaiten club of artists (founded in 1848 ; intro-
duction necessary). — The new Church of 8t, Roehus (PI. D, 3) ig
to Cologne. MClHEIM AM RHEIN. 2. BouU, 25
i Romanesque structure by Kleesattel. — In the Prinz-Georg-
Strasse is the new building of the Government Archives (PI. D, 2).
The island of Golzheim, to the N.W. of the Hof-Garten, was in
1902 the site of an Industrial Exhibition for the Rhine and West-
plialia, with which a National Exhibition was combined. The
Palace of Art (PL B, 3), built for the latter in the S. German
baroque style, with a handsome facade 145 yds. in length and a
lofty dome, will be henceforth used for the Diisseldorf Ait Exhibi-
tion, held annually.
To the N.E. of the town, about IVs H. from the Cornelius-Platz. and
reached by tramway, lies the Zoological G-arden (PI. P, 1, 2 } adm 50 pf. ;
band on Wed. and Sat. afternoons), tastefully laid oat. — Adjoining the
Zoological Garden on the E. is the Otiaselthal Asylum for homeless
children, formerly a Trappist monastery, presented by the government to
Count von der Recke in 1819, and fitted up by him for its present purpose.
The ancient town of Kaaserswerih (Rheiniseher So/)^ with 2500 inbab.,
on the right bank of the Rhine, 6 M. from Diisseldorf and 2Vs H. from Cal-
cum (p. 20), is the seat of a training school for Protestant Sisters of Charity,
an extensive institution, with branches in many di£ferent parts of Germany,
founded by the benevolent pastor Fliedner (d. 1864) in 1836. The old early-
Romanesque Church of Kaiserswerth, a huge colamnar basilica with tran-
septs and four towers, dates from the middle of the 11th century. The
choir is an elegant transition addition of about 1250, while the W. towers
were rebuilt in 1874. The church contains an admirably executed '*Rel%quary
(1264), in which the bones of St. SuitbertuSy a native of Ireland who first
preached the Gospel here in 710, are preserved. From the Ktfniff^/cUzy or
Palace, of Kaiserswerth, the young Emp. Henry IV. was carried ofi in 1062
in a vessel belonging to his austere guardian Archbishop Anno. The Emp.
Frederick I. rebuilt the castle in 1174-84, and the present extensive re-
mains, which were folly exposed by excavations in 1899-1901, belong ex-
clusively to that period.
The Grafenberger Chaussee (PI. F, 8, 4^ tramway from the Central
Station) leads to the£. from Diisseldorf to (2^/2 M.) Orafenberg (Restaurant*
JdgerhauM, Eaardt , and HirKhberg)^ with the reservoir of the water-works
and the provincial Lunatic Asylum. — To the N. is the much firequented
Btadt-Wald, on the W. verge of which is the vegetarian health establish-
ment of Waldtiheim (pens. 6-9 Jt).
Railway to Goloonb. To the left rises Schloss Eller. Beyond
(156 M.) Benrath (Hesse), among the trees to the right, stands a
handsome royal chateau erected in 1756-60 by Elector Palatine
Charles Theodore. Beyond (161 M.) Langenfeld the train crosses the
Wupper^ passes the chateau ot Reuschenberg (left), and at (I65V2M.")
Kiippersteg crosses the Dhun, The Rhine is approached near Schloss
Stammheim^ a chliteau of Count Fiirstenherg.
ill M. Hftlheim am Shein (Hdtel Magdeburg; Briieseler Eof),
a thriving manufacturing town with 45,000 inhab., which owes its
prosperity to the hundreds of Protestants who migrated hither from
Cologne in the early years of the 17th century. Handsome modern
Gothic church near the station, by Zwirner. The equestrian statue
of Emp. William I., by Buscher, was unveiled in 1898.
Feom MOlhkim to Immekeppkl, 18«/2 M., railway in IV4-IV2 hr. — - 2V2 M.
DellbrHek, — 5V2 M. Bergiaoh-Gladbach (Bergischer Ho/), a straggling town
26 Routes. COLOGNE. Practicdl
with 11,400 inhabitants. In the vicinity is the StunderthaliMhe, a popular
resort. The Cistercian abbey of Altenberg (p. 62) lies 6 M. to the ». 'of
Gladbach (carriage there and back 8-9 Jl\ and 2 M. to the S. of Bw»eheid
(p. 62). — 11 M, Bensberg (ScMm Amsicht; Rheinischer Hof)^ a place of
10,400 inhab., possesses a chateau built by Elector Palatine John William
in 1705, now a military school. In the woods, about 1 M. to the S., is the
Sdtel-Peruion Bokenburg (pens. 4-6 jH). — The remaining stations ixt^Fors-
hach^ Rdsrath, Hoffnungtihal^ IhUereschbach, and Jmmekeppel.
From Mulheim to JElberfeld and Barmen, see B. 7.
Below Mulheim the train intersects the fortifications of Deuix
(p. 55) and crosses the railway-bridge to (175 M.) Cologne,
Stbamboat from Diisseldorf to Cologne (5 hrs., in the reyerse direction
2V2 ^rs.) tedious, although several places of historical interest are passed.
3. Cologne.
Eailway Stations. 1. Centbal Station (PI. F, 4: 'Restaurant, D. firom
2 UK), in the Trankgasse, opposite the cathedral (see p. 38), for all the
trains on the left bank of the Rhine and for most of the trains on the
right bank. — 2. South Station (PI. 0, 2 ^ p. 81). for slow trains and a few
express trains. — 3. Wkst Station (PI. F, 1; p. 81), for slow trains only. —
4. Right Rhbnish Station at Deutz (PI. E, 6), for a few of the Ordinary
trains. — Porter into the town: for packages not exceeding 11 lbs., 30 pf.;
not exceeding 55 lbs., 50pf.i not exceeding 100 lbs., 75 pf. CabSy seep. 28.
Steamboat Cfcuays. The fast steamers of the Cologne ds Diisseldorf
Steamthip Go. (p. xvi) start from the Trankgassen-Werft (PI. F, 3), the
other steamers from the Leystapel (PI. D, 5), respectively 2-3 min. and
10-12 min. from the cathedral and the central station. The quay of the
Dutch steamers (p. xvi) is at the Frankenwerft (PI. B, 5)^ 4 min. from the
central station. — Porter into the town or to the railway-station: for
hand-bag 10 pf., for trunk up to 55 lbs. 50 pf., up to 110 lbs. 80 pf., up to
65 lbs. iJfOOpt
Hotels. *H6tbl du Nobd (PI. a ; E, 6), Franken-Platz 4-6, near the iron
bridge, with railway-ticket, post, and telegraph office, R. 3-7, B. IV2,
D. 4, omn. y^Jt; •Hotel Monopole (PI. m; E, 4), Wallrafs-Platz 5, with
caf^ and restaurant, R. 3-5, B. 11/4, D. iJl; 'Hotbl Disch (PI. b^ E, 4),
Brucken-Str. 19, R. from 3 J(; •Hotel dd Dome (PI. i; E, 4), near the
cathedral, R. 3-6, B. IV4, D. 3Va, omn. 1/2 ^; *K6lnee Hop (Hdt. de
Cologne; PI. k, F 4), Balmhof-Str. 5, opposite the central station, with
terrace, R. 21/2-6, B. I75, D. (in restaurant) 3, pens, from 8 Jf; *H6tki.
Ebnst (PI. e; F, 4), Trankgasse 3, near the cathedral. All these are of
the first class, with lift, baths, electric light, and hot-air heating. — The
following are also first-class, but less pretentious: •Qrossbb Kubf6bst
(PI. 0 5 E, 4). Domkloster 2, R. 3-5, B. 11/4, D. from 31/2, pens. 9, omn. 1/2 Jf;
•EwiGK Lahpe (PI. g; F, 4), Komodien-Str. 2-8, with caf€ and restaurant}
VioTOEiA (PI. d; D, B, 5), Heumarkt 46-50, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 7-10 JT,
omn. 60 pf., good cuisine; ^Continental (PI. fi E, 4), Domhof 18, R. 21/2-5,
B. 1-11/4, D. 3, pens, from 71/2 Jf.
The following are still less pretentious : 'St. Paul (PI. s \ F, 4), at
the corner of the Burgmauer and Unter Fettenhennen, with good view of
the cathedral, R. 2-3V«, B. 1, D. 2Va, pens. 51/2-8 Jl; •H5tel Mittel-
HAUSER (PI. li F, 4), Marzellen-Str. 5, with lift, electric light, and hot-air
heating, R. 2V2-4, B. 1, D. 2%Jl; Pala8t-H6tel (PI. ps E, 4), Am Hof 24,
with Uft, electric light, and hot-air heating, R. from 2 Ji; Hainzeb Hof
(PI. c; E, 3), Glockengasse 14-20, R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2V«, pens, from 7i/a UT,
commercisJi Reichshof, Am Hof 18 (PI. E, 4), with lift, electric light,
hot-air heating, and beer -restaurant, R. 21/4-21/2, B. »/4i !>• IV^-^V* ^t*
•Bbloischbb Hop (PI. y; F, 4), Komodien-Str. 9. with lift, electric light,
ot-air heating, and restaurant, R. 2-3, B.iJi; Bbblinbb Hop, Marzellen-
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NoUtu COLOGNE. 8. Route, 27
Str. 19 (PI. F, 4), with lift, electric light, hot-air heating, and restaurant,
R. 2-3, B. 1, D. iVt-S^/s •«, well spoken of; Kaisbb Fbisdbioh (PL h;
C, 2), Salier-Bing 45, with lift, electric light, hot-air heating, and restaurant,
frequented by offieers, B. 2-5, B. 1, D. lV4-2Vs ^; Kajssb Wilhblm
(PI. w; G, 2), Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring 43, well situated, with electric light
and beer-restaurant, R. 2Vr6, B. V^-l, D- IVa-S •#; Minebva (PI. vj F, 5),
Johannis-Str. 24, with beer-restaurant; Union, Dominikaner 2 (PI. F, 4),
R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2Vs Jl ; HStbl Tils, Andreas-Kloster (PI. F, 4), with electric
light, R. 2-8V2, B. 1, D. 2V« Jt ; Hop von Holland, Hofergasse 11, to the 8.
of the central railway station, R. 2-31/2, B. 1 Jt. — RHsiN-iidTEL, LeysUpel
(PI. D, 5), R. lVr4, B. 1, D. from IV4 J(i Batbischeb Hop, next to the
Museum (PI- E, 4) ; FbInmscheb Hop, Kom6dien-Str. 32 (PI. F, 4), with
restaurant, R. & B. from 2ys, I>. from IV2 -if, weU spoken of; H6t£L
MftXBOPOLE, Am Hof 48, with wine-room: Hotel Landsbebo (PI. n; F, 4),
Marzellen-Str. 1; HdTSL Stbuno, Johannis-Str. 16 (PI. F, 5), near the railway;
BdTEL Vandbbstein-Bellen, Heumarkt 20 (PI. D, E, 6), with wine-room.
R. 2V4, B. V2, D. IV* Jti well spoken of; Hotel H^feb, Drususgasse 11
(PL E, 4), with electric Ught and hot-air heating, R. IV2-8, D. IV4 Jt;
Hotel Langen, Salomonsgasse 13 (PL E,4), with wine-restaurant. commerciiJ ;
Eaisebhop (PL u;E, 4), Salomonsgasse 11, with hot-air heating, and beer-
restaurant, R. 2-2V2, B. 1, D. from IV^*^; Metzbb Hop, Salomonsgasse 18;
Deutbches Haub, Laurenz-PIatz (PL E, 4) ; HStel Lowenbbat}, Hoch-Str. SO,
with beer-restaurant, R. and B. from 2Vs Jf; Hotel Obladen, St. Agatha 37
(PL D, 4), with electric light, R. lVr2, B. "A, !>• 2 J(. — Chbistliches
Hospiz (PL q ; Q, 5), Johannis-Str. 77, R. 1V2~2V2 -^^ B. 60 pf., D. I-IV2,
pens. 3-6 Ulf. — Pensions: Af4lller^ FamUien-Permon^ Albertus-Str. 37; Bauer y E ^
Richard Wagner-Str. 35; HeJbacK^ Boon-Str. 40.
Bestanrants. *Q. Bettger A Co., Kleine Budengasse 8 and 10 (PL E, 4))
with oyster-saloon; ^Neues StadU?ieater-Res(aurant, D. from 2 UK; * Monopoly
"Hdta du Ddmey ^KOlner Hof. *Gro*.ier KurfUnt, see p. 26; Oiirzenich (p. 44),
D. from IV2 Jt; "F. Roue., Hohenzollern-Rine 44. These all of the first
class and visited by ladies. — Wine. Petert, Severin-Str. 187 (PL B, 0, 4),
good Rhine wine ; Eurige Lampe, see p. 26 ; "Beckmann, Am Hof 38 (PL £, 4),
D. from 1 .J 20 pf.; AltdeuUthe Weinkneipe^ Am Hof 14; Lcmgen, see above;
J. J. Schott, Am Hof; Edtel Vanderstein-Btllm (see above), Moselle wine;
j^akaimus, Ludwig-Str. 5-7; flilifete, Hohenstaufen-Ring 21 ; Wirtz, Limburger-
Str. (PL E, 2) ; Bodega, Hohe-Str. 127 (Spanish wines). — Beer. "Fischer,
in the arcade off the Hobe-Str. (PL £, 4) ; "Bierstall, at the Belgischer Hof
(see above), D. 1V«-1V««^» *Cafi BortuHa, see below; Stapelhaus (PL E, 5;
p. 47). at the Frankenwerf t, with garden-terrace (military band) ; Kaiterhof,
see aoove; Ptchoit^&u. Burghofchen and Hof-Str. 38; Ldwei^du, Hohe-
Str. 90, D. I-IV2 UV; *Kranka, Martin-Str. 24 (Pilsen beer); H6t. Kaiter
WilJtehn, see above. — Cologne Beer: PUffgrn, Friesen-Str. ; Zum Bart,
Auf dem Brand ; ScTweckenskammer, Johannis-Str. ; ^r ^eipann, Breite
Strasse.
Oafea. *Monopol, see p. 26 ; * Bauer, Hoch-Str. 69, comer of the Perlen-
pfuhl ; *Cafi de r Europe, at the H6tel Ewige Lampe, see p. 26; Wimer Cafi,
Briicken-Str. 1 (PL E, 4); Fischer, in the Passage, next the Hohe-Str.
(see above) ; *Cafi Borussia, Hohenzollem-Ring 66 (PL E, 2). — Confectioners.
*Seichard, Hoch-Str. 154; ^'Kaiser, Breite-Str. 43; *Eigel, Schildergasse 36
(PL E, 4, 8); *Euer, Hoch-Str. 53.
Places of Recreation. Zoological Garden, with frequented 'Restaurant,
see p. 54. Adm. 1 Jl, on Sundays 50 pf. ; concerts in summer on Tues. &
Frid. in the evening, on other days in the afternoon (in winter on Sun.,
Wed., and Sat. afternoons only). Steamers, see p. 29. — Flora Garden,
see p. 65. Admission 50 pf. Aquarium 25 pf. Restaurant ; concerts on Sun.
and Wed., and oftener in summer ; lawn tennis courts. Steamers, see p. 29.
— Kur/Hrsten- Garten, near the Zoological Garden, on the Rhine, at the
corner of the Frohngasse, beside the quay of the Miilheim steamers (p. 29);
band in the afternoon. — Stadt-Garten (PL F, 1; p. 53), with good re-
staurant. — VolkS' Garten (PL A, 3, 4; p. 63), near the Salier-Ring, with
pretty grounds, concerts in summer, and a restaurant. — Marienburg, re-
28 Route 3.
COLOGNE.
Practical
1
2
3
4
UTpf.
UTpf.
UTpf.
UTpf.
- 75
1. 25
1 -
1. 25
1. 25
1. 75
1. 50
1. 75
1 -
- 50
1 -
- 50
1. 50
- 75
1. 50
- 75
stanrant with pretty groands (p. 68) *, adjacent on the Rhine, the AUeburger
MilhU^ commanding a fine view. — Stadtteald^ in Lindenthal, see p. 65. —
Racecourse^ see p. ^ (meetings in April, May, Sept., and Oct.).
Theatres. Neuet Stadt-TJuaier (PI. D, 2; p. 53), Hahsburger Ring, for
operas, dramas, and ballets (Sept. Ist-May Slst); Altet Stadt-Theater (PI. E, 3;
p. i8), Glockengasae, for comedies and operettas (Sept. Ist- April 80th); Re-
ndent-Theatar (PI. F, 2; p. 53), Bismarck-Str., modem dramas, farces, and
operettas; Summer Theatre in the Flora (see p. 27); Reiehehallen - Theater
(PI. £, 3), Gertruden-Str. 10, variety performances in winter, operettas and
^Kdlner Hanneschen' in summer; Hcala Theatre^ Herzog-Str. 9; Apolld
Theatre^ Schildergasse, these two variety theatres.
Mnsio. The Qilrzenich Concerts (p. 44; seats in the body of the hall
6 •<#, in the gallery 3 Ulf), twelve in number, which take place annually
in winter, have attained a European celebrity. — Two institutions which
have earned a high reputation are the Comervatorium of Uu&tc (PI. B , 3),
Wolf-Str. 3, founded in 1851, and the Mdnner-Oesangvereiny or Men's Vocal
Society (p. 48).
Festivals. *Camivai. On Nov. 11th and weekly after Jan. Ist the three
chief carnival-societies hold burlesque meetings. A ^Procession takes place
on the Mon. before Shrove Tues. ; and on Shrove Tues. there is a masked
ball in the Oiirzenich Hall (p. 45 ; early application for tickets necessary).
Oab Tariff.
A. Per Drive. Persons x
Drive within Cologne and Deutz, as far as the
new ramparts (bridge-toll 36, return 44 pf.,
extra)
Zoological and Flora Oardens and Racecourse
B. Bp Time.
For Vt br
Each additional V4 br
For a trunk or heavy package 25 pf. ; small articles free. — Double
fares from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m. (in summer 6 a.m.). — For drives to the
suburbs 50 c. additional is paid if the cab be not used in returning.
Taxameter Oabs (some of them motor-cabs). Drive of 800 metres (ca.
V« M.), 1-2 pers. 60 pf., each 400 m. extra 10 pf. ; drive of 600 m. for 3-4 pers.
(1-4 pers. outside the municipal district) 60 pf., each 300 m. extra 10 c;
at night 400 m. for 1-4 pers. 50 c, each 200 m. more 10 pf. — Waiting,
10 pf. every 4 minutes. — Luegage imder 22 lbs. free; 22-55 lbs. 25 pf. ;
each addit. 55 lbs. or fraction 25 pf.
Electric Tramways (fare lO-lo pf.). The following are the chief lines
for tourists: 1. (Ufer-Bahn). From the Zoological Garden (p. 54), vi& the
Kaiser-Friedrich-Ufer (PI. H, F, 6, 6), Leystapel (PI. D, 6), and Agrippina-Ufer
(PI. A, 6), to Marientmrg (p. 68). - 2. (Bund-Bahn). From the TrarOigaeee
(PI. F, 5; near the cathedral and central station) vift Heumarkt (PI. E, D, 5),
Barbarossa-Platz (PI. C, 2), Rudolfs-Platz (PI. E, 2), Kaiser-Wilhelm-Rlng
(Pi. F, 2), and Oereonsdriesch (PI. F, 3) back to the Trankgaue. — 3. (Innen-
Bahn). From the Ubier-Ring (PI. A, 6), via Bayen-Strasse (PI. B, C, 6),
Joseph-Strasse, Im Martinsfeld (PI. C, 3), Neumarkt (PI. D, E, 3), Auf dem
Berlich (PI. E, 3), Klingelpiits (PI. F, G, 3), and Hansa-Ring to the Deutscher
Ring (PI. G, H. 5). — 4. (Quer-Bahn). From the Volks-Oarten (PI. A, 3) via the
Salier-Bing, Weidenbach (PI. C, 3), Aposteln-Kloster (PI. D, E, 2). Breite-Str.,
the Museum (PI. E, 4). Unterfettenhennen (PI. F, 4), Eigelstein - Thor
(PI. G, 4) , and Keusser-Str. (PI. H, 4) , to the Ractcowse (p. 65) , returning
by the same route with a slight deviation in the middle of it. — 5. (Ring-
Bahn). From the Ubier-Ring (PI. A, 5), vii Rudolfs-PIatz (PI. E, 2), Hansa-Ring
fPl. G, H, 3, 4), and Riehler-Strasse (PI. H, 6), to the Zoological Garden
(p. 54). — 6. From Marienburg (p. 68; vi& Chlodwigs-Platz (PL A, 4). Severin-
Strasse (PL B, C, 4), Heumarkt (PI. D, E, 5), Trankgasse (cathedral station),
KomSdien-Strasse (PI. F, 4), and Friesen-Platz (PI. F, 2), to Ehrenfeld
(p. 16). _ 7. From the Neumarkt (PL D, E, 3) via Rudolfs-Platz (PI. E, 2)
to Undenthcd (Stadtwald, p. 65). — 8. From the Neumarkt via Rudolfs-
''latz and Melaten (Cemetery, p. 55) to Mimgersdorf, ^dbyGoOQ
NoUs. COLOGNE. 3. Route. 29
Stettin Truawftyg. 1. From the Schaafen-Str. (PI. D, 2), via Lindenthal
and FreckM, to Bmzelrath and Blateheim. — 2. From the Barbatossa-Plats
(PI. G, 2) yia BrUhl (p. 80), to J^onn (^Vorgebirgshahn' ^ comp. p. 80).
Loeal Steamars ply frequently between Cologne and MUlheim (p, 25
10 and 5 pf.), starting from the bridge-of-boats (PI. D, £, 6), and touching
at the Trankgasse Wharf (PL F, 5) , and near the Zoological and Flora
gardens (pp. 54, 66^ 15 pf.); also on summer-afternoons from the Holzwerft
(PL D, 5) to Marienbufg (p. 65; 20 pf., there and back 35 pf.). — Ferry to
DtiU (PI. D, 5, 6), 5 pf. and 8 pf.
Baths. The Hohenstaufen-Bad^ in the Hohenstaufen-Bing (PL D, 2), is
excellently fitted up; large swimming-baths for ladies and gentlemen.
Siegetit Schildergasse 72 (also Russian baths, etc.). — Baths in the Rhine,
by the bridge-of-boats (also warm baths); Sehiefer^ in Deutz, near the
bridge -of -boats, with swimming-baths and accommodation for ladies;
MiUtdr-Schwimmanstalty in Deutz, between the two Rhine bridges.
Post and Telegraph Offtee (Havpi-Fottamt; PI. F, 4; p. 52), in the
Dominikaner-Str. Numerous branch-offices.
Eau de Cologne. This celebrated perfume is said to have been in-
vented by /. M. Farina of Domodossola in 1700, while another tradition
asserts that it was first brought to Germany in 1690 by Favl de Feminit,
The claim of the firms manufacturing it to the name of Farina is some-
times very indirect. The oldest firm is Johann Maria Farina^ opposite
the Jiilichs-Platz (Obenmarspforten 28). Gase containing six bottles of the
ordinary medium sise, 71/8^1.
Exhibition of Paintings of the Kunii-Verein. at the Konigin Augusta
Halle (p. 42), and at Ed. Schulte't, Richartz-Str. 16 (PL E, 4; adm. 50 pf.). —
Among the numerous Private Oollections may be mentioned those of Baron
AJbrn-t von Oppenhiem^ Eerr aehnfUgen^ and Herr C. A. Niessen (Roman anti-
quities), which are generally shown to lovers of art on previous application.
ITnited States Consul: Mr. Chas. E. Barnes^ HohenzoUem-Ring 12. —
British Consul: Berr C. A. yietnn, Domhof 6 (also foreign banker).
English Church Saryioe in the Chapel in the Hdtel du Nord Grounds,
Bischofsgarten-Str. 3. Hours of Service, varying according to notice, at 8.30,
11, and 6, in winter and summer. Chaplain, Rev. Eldred Morgan^ Domldoster 1.
English Physicians: Dr. Halh Rohrergasse 32; Dr. Prior ^ Eaiser-
Wilhelm-Ring 18. — American Dentists : H. C. Merrill A John W. Oale^
HohensoUem-Ring 79; Dr. Wm. FeUton, Gereon-Str. 34; Dr. Jot. Mei'ckent^
Hohensollem-Ring 2. — Chemists : 0. Contzen (Dom-Apotheke), Ck>mddien-
Str. 1; S. Wrede, Wallrafs-Platz 1 (both speak English).
Tourist Agents: Thomas Cook & Son^ Hdl^^u Ddme (p^ QSjj^aze A Sont^
Domkloster 1 (both also foreign bankers); C. A. Niesten (see above; General- ^
Agent of the S.E. A Chatham Railway). .
Colleotions and objects of Interest.
*€athedralj see p. 32.
OUy Archives (p. 51), Mon.-Frid. 10-1 and 5-7, Sun. 10-1 ; gratis. ^
City Library (p. 51), Mon -Frid. 10-1 and 4-8, Sat. 10-1.
EthnograpTticcd Collection^ Joests (p. 62), daily 9-5, adm. 50 pf., Sun. free.
Flora., see p. 27.
GUrtenieh (p. 44), open all day; 1-2 pers. 50 pf. each, a party 40 pf. each.
Industrial Art Library (p. 54), week-days 10-12 and 7-10; free.
Museum^ Archiepiscopal (p. 39) , week-days 9-6 (winter 104) , adm. 50 pf..
Sun. A holidavfi 10-2, adm 30 pf.
Museum, HUtoriedi (p. 53) , daily 9-5 (Oct.-March 104) , adm. free on Sun.
4 Wed., other days 50 pf.; closed on Sun. 1-2.30 p.m., on Mon. before
noon, and on Jan. 1st, ^Carnival Monday' (p. 28), Orood Friday, Easter
Sunday, Whitsunday, and Christmas Day.
*Museum of Industrial Art (p. 54), open a? the Historical Museum; gratis.
Museum of Natural History (p. 47), open as the Historical Museum.
*Museum Wallraf-Riehartz (p. 39), open as Nat. Hist. Museum.
Baiihhaius (p. 43), open on same terms as the Giirsenich.
ROmergang (p. 4J8), daily until 10 p.m. by electric light; a^m. 50 pf.
Zoological Garden^ icc p. 27. ^dbyCjOOglC
30 Route 3. COLOGNE. EiHory.
choir-gallery (p. 32) ; Museum (p. 38) •, Hohe Straw (p. 42) ; Bathhaus (p. 43) ;
MoUk9 Monument (p. 43); GUrzenich (p. 44); St. Maria im Capitol (p. 45);
thence proceed to the Keumarkt and past the Church of the Apostles (p. iS)
to St. Oereon (p. 49) ; walk or drive in the new Binff-Streute (p. 52) and across
one of the Rhine Bridget: Flora or Zoological Garden (pp. 65, 54). A visit to the
chief sights of Cologne occupies two days, and is conveniently accomplished
in the order followed below. The best time for the churches is the morn-
ing after 10 o'clock. The services of valets-de-place are quite superfluous.
Afternoon excursions may be made to Altenberg (p. 62), ScMose BrilM (p. 80),
and Weiden.
Cologne (120 ft. above the sea-leyel), the largest town in the
Rhenish Province of Prussia , the residence of an archbishop , and
one of the most important commercial places in Germany, is a fort-
ress of the first class, with 388,000 Inhabitants (five-sixths of whom
are Roman Catholics), including a garrison of 8000 men and the
suburbs. It lies on the left bank of the Rhine, across which a bridge-
of-boats and an iron bridge lead to Deutz (p. 55). From a distance,
and especially when approached by steamboat, the town with its
numerous towers presents a very imposing appearance, but most of
the old streets are narrow and gloomy. Many of them, howeyer,
contain interesting specimens of domestic architecture, dating
from the 16th, 15th, and even the 13th century. The development
of the town received a great impetus in 1881 , when the adoption of
a farther advanced line of fortifications literally doubled the area
of the town-domain, and also in 1888 by the incorporation of the
suburbs of Bayenthal, Ehrenfeld, Nippes^ and Deutz. Large harbour-
works and wharves were constructed on the river- side of the town
in 1892-98.
History. Cologne was founded by the Ubii, at the time when they
were compelled bv Agrippa to migrate from the right to the left bank of
the Rhine ^. 0. 38). In A. D. 51 Agrippina, daughter of Germanicus and
mother of Nero, founded here a colony of Roman veterans, which at first
I was called Colonia AgHvpinensis^ and afterwards (Iplonia Claudia Agrinnina.
It was the seat ot ine Jbegaie of Germania In/erior. The Roman city-
walls, constructed in the time of Claudius, enclosed the rectangle between
St. Maria in Capitol (PI. D, 4), the Cathedral (PI. F, 4), the Romerthurm
(PI. F, 3; p. 50), and the S. end of the Kleine Griechenmarkt (PI. C, 3). The
naval camp, recently discovered, lay at Alteburg (p. 28), to the S. of Cologne.
In 308 Constantine the Great began a stone bridge over the Rhine, which
connected Marspforten with what was then the island of St Martin, and
thence crossed to Cattra Divitentia (Deutz). This bridge was afterwards
destroyed by the 17ormans, and finally removed by Archbishop Bruno
(see p. 49). From the end of the fifth century Cologne belonged to the
kingdom of the Franks, and it was long occupied by the Ripuarian kings.
Charlemagne raised the bishopric, which had been founded here in the
fourth century, to an archbishopric, the first archbishop being the imperial
chaplain Bildeboldy who built the oldest cathedral church , and presented
to it a valuable library, which still exists (p. 38).
The archbishops soon began to lay claim to political as well as
ecclesiastical power, and endeavoured to construe the privileges granted
to them by the Emperor into unlimited jurisdiction over the city. In
consequence of these pretensions they were continually at variance with
the citizens, and their quarrels usually assumed the form of sanguinary
feuds, particularly under Anno II. (1066-75), PhUipp von Heinsberg (1167-91),
lonrad von Hochstaden (1238-61), Engelhert von Falkenburg (1261-74), and
Art History. COLOGNE. 3. Route, 31
Sieff/ried van Westerburg (1275-97). The long contest was decided in favour
of municipal in^lepcndence by the battle of Worringen (1288 ; see p. 66),
and the archbishops were compelled to transfer their residence to Briihl
(p. 80), and afterwards to Bonn. They retained, however, the highest
jurisdiction and other rights, and the citizens continued to take the oath of
allegiance, *so long as they should be maintained in the rights and privilege?
handed down to them by their forefathers\ The_conflicts carried on in
the town itself, between different noble families or belwee'n the nobles
and the guilds, were still more violent. It was not till 1396, when the
guilds gained a decisive advantage, that there was a cessation of hostilities
(comp. p. 43). In 1482, 1513, and on other occasions, the city was again the
scene of revolutionary struggles. Its vigorous fund of vitality is shown by
the fact that, in spite of all these troubles, Cologne was unquestionably one
of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in Germany at the end of
the 15th century. Its commerce, especially its trade with London, where
it possessed warehouses at the (3^uildhall, was of the greatest importance.
At an early date Cologne became incorporated with the ffanteatic League^
in which it contested the supremacy with Liibeck. The weights and
• measures of Cologne were in use in almost every Bhenish, Westphalian,
and Dutch town. A fair held at Cologne at Easter attracted visitors from
all parts of Europe, and even from beyond the sea.
In the course of its mediaeval history Cologne may boast of having
twice been a cradle of German Art. The first occasion was about the
middle of the 12th century, when the ecclesiastical enthusiasm shown by
the acquisition of the relics of the Magi, and also the civic love of splendour
found expression in a highly-developed style of Abohitbgtcbb, calculated for
picturesque effect (comp. p. xzviii). One after another the larger churches
were remodelled, special attention being devoted to the choir. The best spe-
cimen of this period of architecture is presented by the Apoatel-Kirchey as
seen from the Xeumarkt. During the 13th cent, the taste for building con-
tinued and led to a restoration of the Cathedral, in which, however, the
traditional Romanesque architecture was abandoned for the new Gothic
style, emanating from France and then spreading rapidly throughout Europe.
From the close of the 14th cent, onwards, Cologne enjoyed a second golden
era of art, chiefly confined to the province of Painting (comp. p. zxxi).
The municipal archives preserve the names of a great number of painters,
but only in a very few instances can any of these be definitely attached
to existing pictures. Among the best known are MeUter Wilhelm (d. about
1880), Stephan Lochner (d. 1461 1 comp. p. 87), and the Master of ih» Life of
the Virgin (flourished ca. 1400-90). The most famous pictures of this school
in Cologne are the Dombild (p. 37), the Madonna of the Priests' Seminary
(p. 39), and the Madonna in an arbour of roses (p. 41). — The taste for
architecture was not extinct even at a later period. The porch of the
Bathhaus, for example, is an interesting specimen of the German Renais-
sance. Not only were old churches renovated, but occasionaUy new ones
were built. Prior to 1801, when many of them were secularised, Cologne
possessed more than 100 chtirches, which, of course, could only be kept
in repair by constant care and attention. — In the province of Science,
Cologne held by no means so high a place as in that of art. The univer-
sity, founded in 1388, acquired, as the chief seat of the opposition
to Htimanism in the contest of Beuchlin with the Obscurantists , a wide
but far from enviable reputation. It was suppressed at the close of
last century.
After the 16th century Cologne declined, at first gradually, and after-
wards rapidly. In common with the rest of the Hanseatic towns its
commerce lost its former importance. Continual internal discords, leading
to the banishment in 1608 of the Protestants, who settled at Crefeld,
Elberfeld, Diisseldorf, and Miilheim, proved very prejudicial to the
interests of the city. It retained, however, its privileges as a free
imperial city until its occupation by the French (6th Oct., 1794). By the
peace of Campo Formio(17th Oct., 1797) it was incorporated with France.
— It was not till after 1815, under Prussian rule, that Cologne began to
revive. The rapid progress of its steamboatf and railway systems, and
32 Route 3, COLOGNE. a. CaXhed/rql.
the enterprise of the citizens, many of whom possess great wealth, have
combined to make Cologne the centre of the Bhenish trade and one of
the most considerable commercial cities in Germany.
a. Cathedral and Museum.
The ♦♦Cathedral t, or Dom (PI. E, F, 4), which justly excitea
the admiration of every beholder, and Is probably the most magni-
ficent Gothic edifice in the world, stands on a slight eminence about
60 ft. above the Rhine, partly composed of Roman and Prankish
remains, near the Central Station. It is dedicated to St. Peter. As
early as the 9th century an episcopal church (see p. 30) occupied
this site, but in course of time the inhabitants regarded it as
unworthy of the rapidly increasing size and prosperity of their city.
The Archbishop St. Engelbert first entertained the project of erecting
a new church here, but in consequence of his untimely death in
1225 (see p. 36) it was never executed. His second successor Conrad
of Hochstaden (see p. 36), after the old church had been severely
injured by a conflagration, at length laid the foundation-stone of
the present structure with great solemnity on 14th Aug., 1248. The
designer of this noble work is believed to have been Meistet Gerard^ to
whom the Chapter made a grant in 1257 in recognition of his services.
The choir was the first part of the building proceeded with.
The work progressed slowly, Gerard's successors, Meister Arnold and
his son Meister Johann^ being seriously hampered by the struggles be-
tween the archbishops and the citizens (see p. 30). The stone used
in the building was quarried in the Drachenfels (see p. 93). On
27th Sept., 1322, the choir, which had been temporarily terminated
by a lofty wall towards the west, was solemnly consecrated by
Archbishop Heinrich, CourU of Vimeburg. The builder soon
proceeded to lay the foundations of the N. and (in 1325) S.
transepts, while at the same time the old church, which was still
used for divine service, was gradually removed. In 1388 the nave
was sufficiently advanced to be temporarily fitted up for service,
and in 1447 the bells were placed in the S. tower. Subsequently
the enthusiasm subsided, and by the end of the 15th century all
hope of seeing the church completed was abandoned. The unfinished
t Travellers are recommended not to engage any of the numerous
valets-de-place who hover about, in and near the cathedral, as their serv-
ices are unnecessary. The nave and transept (with the stained-glass
windows) are open the whole day, but walking about is forbidden during
divine service, the hours of which vary (but regularly on week-days 9-10 a.m.
and 3-3.30 p. m.)- Tickets to visit the choir (best light in the morning) and
treasury (IVt »M each person) are sold by the 'Domschweizer', or attendants
stationed in the cathedral. Hours of admission: from 1st May to 30th Sept.
on Mon.-Frid. 10-11 a.m., 12.30-3, 3.30-7 p.m. ; Sat. 10-11 a.m., 12.30-2.30 p.m. 5
Sun. 12-1.30, 6-7 p.m. -, from Ist Oct. to 30th April Mon.-Frid. 10-11, 11.30-1,
3.30-5? Sat. 10-11, 11.30-1; Sun. 12-1 p.m. From 8 to 8 45 a.m. the choir is
open throughout the year, but walking about is seldom allowed, as divine
service is then usually going on. Ascent to the upper gallery, the towers, etc.,
•ee p. 38. — Ko fees need be given. ^ j
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
a. Cathedral. COLOGNE. 3. Route. 33
building was provided with a temporary roof about 1608, and in the
17tli and 18tli cent, the interior was decorated in the degraded style
of the period. The uncompleted structure became more and more
1. Engelbert Chapel. 2. Maternns Gh. 8. Ch. of St. John. 4. Ch. of the
Three EIdss. 5. Ch. of St. Agnes. 6. Ch. of St. Miehael. 7. Ch. of St-
Stephen. 8. Ch. of the Virgin. 9. Treasury. 10. Sacristy. 11. Chapter
House. 12. Library.
dilapidated. In 1796 the building was converted by the French into
a hay-magazine, its ruin being rendered more complete by the
abstraction of the lead from the roof.
Frederick William in. and FV., Kings of Prussia, at length
rescued the desecrated edifice from total destruction.^The former,
Baedbkek'8 Rhine. 15kh Edit. «dbyVgi.OOg
34 Route 3. COLOGNE. a. Cathedral,
at the saggestion of Sulpice Boisser^e, caused it to be examined by
tbe eminent architect Schinkel in 1816, and gaye orders to preserve
the bonding as it then was. The work of restoration was not begun
till 1823. It was at first carried on under the superintendence of
Ahlert (d. 1833), and afterwards under that of the talented Zwimer^
a thorough master of the Gothic style (d. 1861). On Zwimer's death
B, Voigtel (1829-1902) succeeded to his office, and carried the work
to an end. Zwimer was the first to form the project of complet-
ing the cathedral, an idea hailed with general enthusiasm. The
foundation-stone of the new part of the building was laid on 4th
Sept. , 1842, and more than 15,000^ were afterwards spent yearly on
the undertaking, the greater part of this amount being defrayed by
government, the remainder by private subscriptions, societies, and
the proceeds of a lottery. The entire sum expended bet'^een 1842
and 1880 amounted to upwards of 900,000^. The last stone of the
huge S. tower was placed in position in August, 1880, and on the
15th Oct. of the same year the completion of the cathedral was cel-
ebrated in the presence of the Emperor William I. and almost all
the sovereign princes of the German Empire.
The cathedral is a cruciform structure (see Plan, p. 33), the
nave being flanked with double, and the transept with single aisles.
Total length 167 yds., breadth 67 yds., length of transepts 94 yds.,
height of the walls 150 ft., height of the roof 201 ft., height of the
central tower rising over the crossing 357 ft. The W. towers are
515 ft. in height (oomp. p. 38). This enormous mass of masonry
is enlivened by a profusion of flying buttresses, turrets, gargoyles,
galleries, cornices, foliage, etc.
The ♦ W, FaQodej which has been completed entirely in accord-
ance with the still extant original designs of the 14th cent, with its
two huge towers, is a superb example of strictly consistent Gothic
workmanship. The towers consist of four stories, of which the three
lower are square in form, while the fourth is octagonal, crowned
with elegant open spires.
The largest of the Belli in the S. tower is the Kaiser- Oloeke^, which
was east in 1874 with the metal of French guns , and weighs 27 tons ;
24 ringers are required to set it in motion. The next two in point of
size, cast in 1447 and 1448, weigh 11 and 6 tons.
The Principal Portal is 93 ft. in height and 31 ft. in width ;
the side-portals 38 ft. high and 18 ft. wide ; the central window 48
ft. high and 20 ft. wide. The portal of the S. tower was decorated
in the beginning of the 15th cent, with excellent sculptures, prob-
ably by Meiater Conrad Kuyn, The bronze doors were modelled by
Schneider of Cassel, and cast at Iserlohn in 1891-92. — The arms of
the transept are terminated by the N. and S. portals, which were
completed in 1859, having been built entirely from Zwimer's
designs, as the original plans were no longer extant. The N. Portal
is executed in a simple style; the beautiful bronze ♦Doors, from
the designs of Mengetberg of Utrecht, were cast at Stuttgart (1891).
a. Cathedral. COLOGNE. 3. Route. 35
The *8. Portaly with bronze doors after Schneider's designs (p. 34),
is elaborately decorated, and embellished with statues designed by
Schwanthaler,
The * Choir y completed in 1322, and flanked with seven chapels,
is substantially a repetition of that of the cathedral of Amiens, but
some of its details are even more perfect in form. In its lower parts
It exhibits the simple and dignified forms of the early Gothic style,
while in the upper parts the full magnificence of the consummated
art is displayed.
The **lNTBitiOB, which is borne by 56 pillars, is 130 yds. in
length. The nave is 16 yds. wide from the centre of one pillar to
that of the one opposite, and 145 ft. in height | each of the inner
aisles is 7^2 yds., each of the outer 9 yds. wide ; each of the four
aisles is 60 feet high. The area of the interior is 7400 sq. yds.
In 1863 the partition which for centuries had separated the nave
from the choir (see p. 34) was removed, and in 1890-98 the mosaic
pavement was restored from designs by Essenwdn and Oeiger. The
effect produced by the ensemble is now singularly impressive.
Nayb andTBANSBpT. The large stained-glass window above the
W. portal , executed by Milde of Lfibeck, was presented in 1878
by Emp. Frederick III., when Crown Prince. The five stained-glass
* Windows in the N. (left) aisle, executed in 1508 and 1509, and
presented by Archbishop Philipp von Daun-Oberstein, the town of
Cologne, Archbishop Hermann von Hessen, and Count Philipp von
Yirneburg, are among the finest examples of the kind now extant.
The subjects are: 1. Passion and Resurrection of Christ; below,
St. Lawrence, Madonna and Child, and the donors. 2. Life of St.
Peter, and Tree of Jesse ; below, St. Sebastian and an archbishop.
3. Adoration of the Shepherds j below, SS. George, Reinold, Gereon,
and Maurice, with Agrippa and Marsilius, the traditionary founders
of Cologne. 4. Visit of the Queen of Sheba to Solomon, the Three
Magi 'y below, St. Peter in the papal chair, the Archbishop of Cologne,
the Madonna, and SS. Elizabeth and Christopher, patron saints of
Hesse. 5. Coronation of the Virgin, St. John the Evangelist, St.
Peter in the papal chair, SS. Mary Magdalen and George,, and the
donor with his two wives. — The five beautiful modem windows of
the S. aisle, with representations from New Testament history,
by Joseph Fischer and Hellweger, were presented in 1848 by King
Lewis I. of Bavaria. — The first window on the W. side of the
S. Transept was in 1856 filled with stained glass, executed like the
preceding in Munich, to the memory of Joseph von Gorres (1776-
1848), *catholic» veritatis defensori generoso*. The second window,
and the one opposite it, representing respectively scenes from the
lives of St. Peter and St. Paul, were erected by the directors of the
two leading railway-companies at Cologne. To the left of the latter
is a window with SS. Sixtus and Hilarins. The modern stained -
glass windows above the S. Portal, presented by the Emp. William 1.,
3* -
36 Routes. COLOGNE. a. Cathedral,
were executed in Berlin ; those of the N. portal, commemoiatiug
the elevation of Archbishop von Geissel of Cologne to the rank of
cardinal, are of Cologne workmanship. — The old stained glass on
the W. side of the N. Transept is from several ancient churches of
Cologne, now demolished.
The statues on the pillars of the vestibule, the nave, and the
transept represent prophets, apostles, and saints. — By a pillar of
the S. transept stands a 8t<itue ofSU Chfiatopher, about 10 ft. high,
dating from the beginning of the 16th century. The first carved
altar (1520) by the E. wall of this transept, in the late-Gothic style,
is from the church of St. Maria ad Gradns (pulled down in 1817) ;
the second altar is of Westphalian origin (15th cent.).
The Ohoib is separated from the nave by an iron railing. We
enter by the N. (left) door. Consoles projecting from the 14 pillars
of the central part, or High Choir proper, bear Statues of Christ,
Mary, and the Apostles, dating from thel4th cent, and repainted
in 1840 The nine frescoes in the spandrels executed by Steinle
in 1843, represent Angel Choirs in the ecclesiastical symbolic style;
they are best seen from the gallery of the choir (p. 38). The walls
behind the carved-wood Choir Stalls (14th cent.; are covered with
interesting mural paintings of the same period, unfortunately
concealed by silken tapestry worked by ladies of Cologne after
Eamhoux* designs. Under brasses, with engraved full-length figures,
repose Archbishop von Spiegel (d. 1835) and Cardinal von Geissel
(d. 1864). The High Altar, restored in the original style in 1899,
is surmounted by the old ^Altar of St. Clara\ with a fine wood-
carving of the Passion ; the wings are adorned with paintings of the
school of Meister Wilhelm. Above the triforium of the choir is a
series of admirable old Stained Qlass Windows, representing the
kings of Judah, etc. (ca. 1300).
Choib Chapbls. In front of the sacristy is the sarcophagus of
Arehbiahop Engetbert von der Mark (1364-68), with a fine figure in
sandstone.
1. The Chapel of St. Engelbert (first to the left, N. side), con-
tained down to 1633 the remains of Archbishop Engelbert von Berg,
who was assassinated by Friedrich von Isenburg on the Gevelsberg
near Schwelm in 1225, but they are now preserved in a magnificent
silver reliquary in the treasury. The tomb of Arehbiahop Anton von
Sehauenburg (d. 1661) is worthy of notice.
2. Chapel of St, Matemus, Tomb of Arehbiahop Philip von Heins-
berg (d. 1191), with 'ajgood statue of the 14th century. The form
of this monument refers to the fact that the city- walls were begun
under this archbishop. The altar-piece! is by Barthol. de Bruyn
(1548).
3. Chapel of St. John. *Tomb of Archbishop Conrad von Hoch"
staden (d. 1261) , founder of the cathedral , with the figure of the
deceased in bronze (restored in 1847), from the first half of the
a. Cathedral. COLOGNE. 3. Route, 37
i5tb centnry. Above the altar are mural paintings of the 14th cent-
ury. Under glass in a massive oaken frame is here preserved the
original sketch on parchment of the W. facade of the cathedral with
the two towers in their completed form. Part of this interesting
design was found at Darmstadt in 1814, the rest at Paris in 1816.
4. Chapel of the Magi. Here were formerly pieAerved the
'Bones of the Magi' or 'Three Kings*, which were brought by the
^Empress Helena to Constantinople. They were aftejrwards taken
to Milan , and in 1164 presented by Frederick Barbarossa to Arch-
bishop Keinald von Dassel, by whom they were removed to Cologne.
This is the origin of the three crowns in the city*8 arms. The re-
liquary in which they are preserved Is now in the treasury (p. 38).
The chapel contains a modern Q-othic altar, embellished with carv-
ings (the Magi, etc.) of the 14th century. On the S. side is the
tomb of Archbishop Ernest of Bavaria (d. 1612). The other electors
of the House of Bavaria repose outside this chapel. The heart of
Marie de Midicis (p. 48) is also buried under a stone without in-
scription in front of the chapel. — Opposite, at the back of the
high-altar, is the tomb of Archbishop Dietrich von Mors (d. 1463).
5. Chapel of 8t, Agnes^ with old stained-glass windows, much
restored in parts, and noteworthy mural paintings of the 14th cent.,
restored by Kleinertz. In the middle of the chapel is the Gothic
Sarcophagus of St, Irmgardis (11th cent.).
6. Chapel of 8t, Michael. Marble tombstone of Archbishop Wal-
ram of JUlich (d. 1349). Marble statue of the imperial general Von
Hochkirchen (who fell at Landau in 1703), by the Florentine For-
tini. — This chapel contains the celebrated *Dombildj a large winged
picture, painted by Stephan Lochner before 1460, representing the
Adoration of the Magi in the centre, St. Gereon and St. Ursula on
the wings, and the Annunciation on the outside.
This is doabtless the picture alluded to in Diirer's diary of his tra-
vels in the Low Countries, in which he mentions his paying two 'weiss-
pfennige" to see the picture which ^Meister Steffen' had painted at Co-
logne. Heister Stephan or Stephan Lodmer was a native of Meersburg on
the Lake of Constance, who seems to have settled at Cologne about 1442.
In 1448 he was elected a municipal senator by his guild, and he died
before the end of 1461. The picture, which is of imposing dimensions,
occupies an intermediate position between the ideal conceptions of
medieeval times, and the modem realism introduced by the Dutch school..
As the finest work of the Early Oerman School, it has received great*
attention from connoisseurs, and justly occupies an important place in the
history of art. It was in the Bathhaus Chapel (p. 44) until the period of
the French Revolution.
7. CJiopel of St. Stephen. Stone sarcophagus of Archbishop Oero
(d. 976), with a mosaic of the 10th cent., a relic of the old cathedral.
Mural tomb of Archbishop Adolf von Schauenburg (d. 1566).
8. Chapel of the Virgin or Small Choir of Our Lady (properly
speaking the last bay of the outer S. aisle). The altar, which was
designed by Zwimer in 1856, is adorned with Overbeck's Assump-
tion, purchased in 1855 for 900i. On the next pilaster is the so-
38 Route 3. COLOGNE. a. Cathedral
called Madonna of Milany a German work of the 14th century. —
Near the altar is the monument of Archbishop Frederick of Saarwerden
(d. 1414), consisting of a figure of the archbishop in bronze on a
sarcophagus admirably decorated with figures of saints, the whole
restored in 1847. — Tombstone of Archbishop Reinald von Daaael
(d. 1167;«8ee p. 37), upon which the marble statue o( Archbishop
WUhelm von Oennep (d. 1362) was placed in 1842. Opposite is the
sarcophagus of Count Gottfried von Amsberg (d. 1368). — The
Stained Glass of this chapel, executed at Cologne in 1857, represents
scenes from the life of the Virgin, copied from the ancient mural
paintings in the choir (p. 36).
The Sacristy, entered from the '^. ambulatory, containi a fine ciborium
and ancient stained glass from old churches of Cologne.
The Treaanrv Tadioinig the sacristy on the left; adm., see p. 82)
contains ihe golden *ReUquarp of ihe Magi\ a costly specimen of Roman-
esque workmanship in the form of a basilica, probably executed in the
years 1190-1200. It was seriously injured in 1794, when carried away
for concealment from the French, and was unskilfully restored in 1807.
The silver Shrine of St. Etiffelbtrt^ in the style of the Renaissance, dates
from 1633. — On the end-wall, to the left, i re several ecclesiastical banners
(banner of the Magi, 1897) and the so-called war-banner of Byssus, an
embroidery ascribed to the 10th cent. ; the Adoration of the Magi, a bronze
relief of 1516. — On the entrance-wall, in the cabinet to the right: Sword
of Jutiice (15th cent.), borne by the Electors of Cologne at imperial corona-
tions in Frankfort; processional cross (12-14th cent.); bishops* staves (8th,
14th, and 17th cent.); Gothic m nstrance (14th cent.) ; Renaissance monstrance
presented by Pius IX. in 1848; elaborate altar -cross (17th cent.); and
vestments. In the cabinet to the left : Ten admirably-carved ivory tablets
by Melchlor Paulus (1708-83), with scenes from the Passion; reliquary ot
the 16-17th cent.; ''Otculum Pads in the Renaissance style, decorated with
enamels, pearls, and precious stones; monstrance of the 17th cent., l9Vslbs.
in weight, thickly set with precious stones; mitres. — The desk-case con-
tains ancient printed works and HSS.. including a MS. of th' Gospels
(llJh cent.) and a Frankish breviary (12th cent.)-
The Paramenten-Saaly to the right of the sacristy, contains a valuable
collection of ecclesiastical ornaments and farnitore.
In the Cathedral Library are the Hildebold Codices, returned from
Darmstadt in 1868 (comp. p. 30).
The visitor should not omit to walk round the *Inner Oallery of the
Choir and those on the Exterior of the Choir ^ or to ascend the Central or one
ot the W. Towers (ascent from the outside, on the E. side of the S. transept ;
cards of admission iJi; on Sun. open from 9 or 10 to 2 only), as a better
idea may thus be formed of the grandeur of the structure. The external
gallery, or better still the open gallery of the central tower, commands
an extensive *View over the sea of house.", the plain intersected by the
Rhine, and the Seven Mts. in the distance.
In the garden on the' terrace behind the choir are some architectural
fragments, discarded in the process of restoration, which will serve to
convey some idea of the colossal proportions of the edifice.
To the N. of the cathedral is the Haupt-Bahnhof (PI. F, 4), or
main railway -station, built by G. Frentzen in 1889-94 and con-
sisting of an iron pavilion, 275 yds. long, 100 yds. wide, and 80 ft.
high, with a clock-tower 132 ft. in height. — To the S. of the cath-
edral is the H6tel du Dome (p. 26). The Hein%elmannchen Founicdn,
by E. and H. Renard (1900), in the adjoining street known as Am
Hof, Illustrates a local fairy tale, well versiiled by Kopisch.
a, Muf'tam, COLOGNE. 3. Route. 39
The Arehiepisoopal Muienm (PI. E, 4; adm., see p. 29), op-
opposite the S. gate of the cathedral, is established in a chapel,
formeily belonging to the Archiepiscopal Palace and le-ereoted in
1665. It contains a collection of ecclesiastical and other objects of
medisBval art, sculptures, MSS., and paintings, of which the most
valuable is tiie *ViTgin with the violet, belonging to the Priests'
Seminary, probably by Stephan Lochner (p. 37). On the first floor
is an exhibition of church vestments.
From the Dom-Kloster, the space in front of the W. facade
of the cathedral , we cross the Wallrafs-Platz to the S.W. , and
reach the —
♦Wallraf -Bichartg Mnieiun fPl. E, 4), built in the English
Gothic style by Felten in 1855-61 , and adorned with statnes of
eminent natives of Cologne by Bldter, Fuchs, Mohr, and Werres,
The central building faces the K., while at the back are two wings,
including the handsome late-Gothic cloisters of the Church of the
Minorites (p. 42). In the garden in front of the museum is the E.
side-portal of the Pfaffenihor (p. 45), and near it are bronze statues
(by W. Albermann; 1900) of Herr Richartz (d. 1861), a wealthy
merchant who provided the funds for the museum-building, and
Canon F. WaUraf(<i. 1823), who bequeathed his collection of art
to the town. — Adm., see p. 29. Guide to the Roman Antiquities
(1902), 20 pf. ; to the paintings (1902), 50 pf. — Director, Ptof.
K, Aldenhoven,
Ground lloor and Oloiatay : Collection of AntiqwHeg. From the entrance-
hall, tn^vnT^ronthengbTimd left of the staircase, are marble basts of
Wallraf and Richartz, by Bldier. we descend to the —
Lower Gloistrbs. The K. (front) wing contains Roman antiquities
discovered at Cologne (lst-4th cent. A.D.). In 4he central cases are objects
found in closed graves; between these, a built-up tomb from the street
of tombs at Aix-Ia-Ghapelle. In Anteroom V. are mosaic pavements, in-
cluding the 'Mosaic of the Sages', showing bust-portraits of seven Greek
philosophers aod poets (with the names Diogenes, Socrates, Aristotle.
Chilon, Plato, Cleobulos, and Sophocles), found near St. Gecilia in 1844
(probably of the 4ih cent.; some of the cubes are of glass). — In the W.
wing (on the right) are Roman tombstones, including several with re-
presentations of the funeral feast (Kos. 86, 24, 26, 469), and the relief of
a horseman (No. 96). — The E. f nd S. wings are occupied by fragments
of buildings and sculptures from medieeval and Renaissance churches and
other builcungs in Cologne, now pulled down. — We return to the entrance-
hall and enter the —
Upp£b Gloibtbbs. Comer Room, to the right: 12. Colossal marble
mask of Medusa, found in Italy. — To the left, in the If. Wing: Roman
antiquities found at Cologne: 'Glass with rich ornamentation; terracotta
statuettes, lamps, and vases ; pottery. Sculptures : 11. Colossal mask of a
river-god; busM; 3. iEneas, Anchises. andAscanius, a group in limestone ;
head of Athena Parthenos , after Phidias. — E. Wing. Roman goblets ;
bronzes (statuette of a god); carvings in bone, jet, and amber; ornaments;
writing implements in bronze; weapons; coins; prehistoric and Prankish
antiQuitiea; stones with Roman and early- Christian inscriptions. Sculptures :
18. Head of Venus ; 22. Herma of Bacchus ; 27. Female head (so-called Niobe).
— 8. Wing. Dutch and other paintings bequeathed by Fuchs, the sculptor
(temporarily exhibited here): 727. R. van Vries, 712. J. van Ruysdael, Land-
scapes; 666. Direk van pelen, Prodigal Son; 693. /. M. Molenaer, Peasant
40 Route o . COLOGNE. a. Museum.
interior-, 675. Heda, StiU-life (165?); 671. Dink Hah, Genre-scene (1629)-,
tt26a. J). Terrier* the Younger {f), Temptation of St. Anthony, 711. S. van
Ruytdael^ Tavern by a river. Here also are water-colours, etc. — W. Wing.
Mediseval and Renaissance aculptures in wood and stone : large carved-oak
* Altar (c. 1520), with scenes from the Passion (school of Calcar, p. 59);
Virgin and Child, French work of 1800 ; marble figures from the old high-
altar of the cathedral (1860) ; painted angels of the Cologne school (ca. 15i0) ;
single figures from altars of the Bhenfsh and Antwerp schools. — Between
the windows: Water-colour copies of the frescoes in the chapter-room at
Brauweiler (p. 16).
To the right on the groundfloor are five rooms with plaster-casts;
to the left are a room containing the model of tha monument of Frederick
William III. (p. 46) and another containing old mural paintings (story of the
Undutifal Son), from the Glesch House in the Hoch-Strasse.
The Staircase is adorned with ^Fbbsooes by Steinle (1860-61), illustra-
tive of the history of art and civilisation at Cologne. The scenes begin
with the picture to the left as we look back from the topmost landing of
the stair. 1. Roman and Romanesque Period: Constantine the Great (324-337)
on his throne, surrounded by warriors, artists, and others; on the other
side, Charlemagne (716-814), also enthroned, with his retinue, including
Eginhard, Alcuin, and Paulus Diaconus. Between the two emperors is
St. Helena with her attendants. In the comer adjoining Charlemagne are
the most famous archbishops of Coloene: St. Hildebold (p. 80) with the
plan of the old cathedral, St. Bruno (d. 965) with the church of St. Pantaleon,
Heribert (d. 1021) with the church of the Apostles, and Anno (d. 1075)
with the church of St. Gereon. Next to these is the Prankish queen
Plectrudis (8th cent.) with the plan of St. Maria im Capitol. Below, in
the adjoining scenes, is the legend of Cologne: St. Haternus, the first
bishop, bapt^ing converts in the Rhine, St. Gereon with his companions,
St. Ursula and her virgin followers, and St. Hermann Joseph in St. Maria
im Capitol. — Opposite, on the wall to the right, is — 2. The Mediaeval
Period : in the centre Albertus Magnus, the learned theologian of Cologne,
with his pupils, including Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus. To the
right of Albertus is Conrad of Hochstaden (p.^1); farther on are painters
of Cologne ; then the two burgomasters welcoming a vessel of the Hanseatic
League. In the subordinate scenes, the popular Festival of St. John (p. 45),
the arrival of the relics of the Magi, etc. — On the central wall, to the left
of the door : 3. Renaissance and Modem Period : to the left, Rubens receiving
the order for the altar-piece of St. Peter's church (p. 48); Winckelmann
studying the Laocoon; in the centre the brothers Boisserde (p. 41) and
Friedrich von Schlegel ; to the right, Wallraf and Richartz, the founders of
the museum. Below, the Carnival of Cologne. — To the right of the door :
4. Continuation of the Cathedral: completion of the S. portal in presence of
Frederick William IV. . the architect Zwimer, and the archbishop Jo-
hannes von Geissel. — Above the central entrance-door, in the upper part
of the staircase, are the armorial bearings of Cologne, with Marsilius,
the hero of Cologne (p. 44), and Agrippina, the Roman empress (p. SO). —
From the highest landing we enter the rooms of the —
Upper Floor, containing the * Picture Oallery, Its most important section
from a technical point of view is that containing the works of the Earlt
CoLooNB School; but some excellent Dutch works of the 17th cent, two
important canvases by Rubens, and the large Murillo acquired in 1896 will
interest even the unprofessional visitor. The works of the Italian schools
and the modern paintings are of less importance.
From the Staircase (I) we enter the rooms to the right, containing
the earlier paintings, and traverse them to the other end.
Room II. Early Cologne School (c. 1350-1450). To the right: Unknown
Masters, 1. Triptych, Crucifixion (about 1350), 2, 3. SS. John and Paul
(about 1360), 4, 5. Annunciation and Presentation in the Temple (about
1370). — Meister Wilhelm (about 1380), 8. Craciflxion; 9. Eight saints; 13.
Triptych, the Virgin with a bean-blossom in her hand and the Infant
a. Museum. COLOGNE. 3. Routt, 41
Christ on her right arm; on the left St. Catharine, on the right St. Barbara.
36, 37. Master of the Small Fastion, Annunciation (ca. 1400)-, MeisUr Stephan
Loekaer (d. 1450), *''64. Madonna in an arbour of roses, 66. 88. Mark, Barbara,
and Luke, 66. SS. Ambrosius, Cecilia, and Augnstine, 68. Last Judgment.
3d7. WestpAalian Matter (about 1420), Crucifixion, with numerous figures.
Book III. Cologne Masters (ca. 1460-1510). On the entrance-wall and
side-walls, Master of the Life of Mary (ca. 1460-90; so called from a series
of pictures at Munich), *131. Crucifixion, with the Virgin , St. John , and
Mary Magdalen. "134. Madonna and St. Bernard, 18T. The Saviour, 13S. St.
^gidius, 13^, 140. Annunciation, *141. Descent from the Cross, dated 1480
(the wings, SS. Andrew and Thomas, are school-pieces). Farther on (to
the right and left), Jfa«<«r of the Olorijication of Mary, 123. Glorification
of the Virgin, a crowded picture, 12^. St. Anna with the Madonna and
saints (view of Cologne from the harbour), 130. Four saints (view of
Cologne from the land side) ; *147-l64. Matter of the Lyvenherg Passion^ The
Liyversberg Passion, a series of 8 pictures on a gold ground (about 1500;
formerly belonging to the Lyversberg family). — ifatter of St. Severin
(ca. 1500; comp. p. 43), 18B. Adoration of the Magi, 188. Last Judgment;
="169. Matter of Hhe Holy Kinship, The Kindred of the Madonna, on the
wings SS. Bochus and Nicasius (right) and SS. Oudula and Elizabeth (left;
after 15u0). Farther on, on the left side-wall and the exit-wall: Matter
of the Altar of St. Bartholomew (ca. 1500), ^184. 'Altar of St. Thomas', a
triptych: in the centre Christ appearing to the doubting Thomas; in-
side the wings, the Madonna with St. John, and St. Hippolytus with St.
Afra; 183. Virgin and Child; 186. Altar of the Holy Cross, a triptych, in
the centre Christ on the Cross, on the wings John the Baptist and SS.
Cecilia, Alexius, and Agnes.
Boom IV. Cologne and Early Netherlandish Schools fca 1516-50). 255.
Barih. de Bruyn the Elder, Portrait; *442. Matter of the Death of Mary,
l>eath ot Mary, a triptych, with saints and donors on the wings (1515?). —
Boom V. 935-339. Bemains of the mural paintings from the Hansa-Saal in
the Bathhaus (187u). — Boom VI. (straight on) contains less important
works by B. de Bruyn and other Cologne painters and some Netherlandish
works. — Boom VII. Upper German Jjchool (16th cent.): 3^3. iM. GrUne-
toald, St. Anthony; 385. A. DiireriO, l?ifer and drummer (belonging to
the 'JoV painting, mentioned on p. 238). — We return to B. V, and thence
enter (to the rigiit) —
Boom Vni. Italian Schools. On the entrance -wall are paintings of
the early-Sienese school : 516. I^eri di Bicci, 5*22. B. Meinardi, Madonna and
saints. — Opposite: 635. Style of BoceeKcio Boecaecino, Portrait; *552. J^an-
cesco Franeia, Madonna; 633. Raphael, Madonna of Loretto, a copy of a
vanished original of the master's Boman period. — 634. 8eb. del Fionibo,
Holy Family (original in Naples); 5 2. Tintoretto, Portrait ; 543. Paris Bordone,
Bathsheba; 673. Mattia Preti, Judith. — Also: 579. Claude Lorrain, Land-
scape with Cupid and Psyche (damaged). *577. Murillo, Pardon of St. Francis
of Assisi; the Saviour and the Virgin appear to the saint in the chapel of
the Portiuncula, while angels strew roses on the altar in token that his
prayer has been heard (painted after 1670 for the Capuchins of Seville). —
We cross the hall to —
Boom X. Flemish School (16-17th cent.), etc. To the right, 680.
O. van Eonthortty Adoration of the Shepherds; 6L7. Corn, de Vot, Family
portraits. — 616. /Snydsrs, Still-life ; *\m. Rubensy St. Francis of Assisi
receiving the stigmata (pamted ca. 1617 for the high-altar of the old
Capuchin church at Cologne); 632. D. Ryckaert^ Cobbler. — **604. Rubens,
J.ono and Argus, originaUy in the Palazzo Dorazzo at Genoa (1611); 622,
633. A. van Dyek, Portraits of Jabach (p. 48), school -pieces; no number,
D. Teniert the Yownger, Temptation of St. Anthony. — Jordaent, 614. Pro-
metheus, 612, 613. Portraits; 605. Rubens, Holy Family (probably by
pupils ; ca. 1636) ; 607. A. van Dyck (here ascribed to Rubent), Four negroes*
heads (original in Brussels). — To the right is —
Boom XI. Dutch Schools (16-17th cent.). To the right, 661. Benj.
Oerrittz Cuyp, Camp-scene; 689. M. J. van Miereoelt, Portrait (1633); '673.
Jan van Ooyen^ Landscape j Jac. Ofrritst Ouyp, 662. Children with a sheep,
42 Route 3. COLOGNE. a. Hoch-Strassc,
663. Portrait (1643). — *7iQ, Jan Sfeen , Capture of Samson ^ 724. PieUr
VerelMt^ Old woman; ♦847. A. van Beiferm^ Breakfast; 649. Terhurg^ Portrait;
6S8. /. vender Mterit), Dutch wbarf; 663. Van de CtmelUCj), RiTer-piece. —
670. O. van den Beckhout(1), Esther and Haman; 654, 665. Com. JemseenSy
Portraits (1651); 668. K. du Jardin^ Italian landscape, with accessories.
We now reach the Oolleotion of Hodem Paintings, most of which are
of the Dusseldorf and Munich schools. — Room IX (Kaiser-Saal; to the
right of R. XI, opposite the staircase) : 784. ^Sf. Meieter^ Frederick William IV.
as Grown Prince (1884) ; 83^. W, GampTutusen, King William saluted hy his
troops after the battle of Sedan, with Bismarck, Holtke, and Roon among
his retinue (i8T2); 896. Lenhach, Bismarck (1888); 929. F. von Kaulbach,
Emp. William II.
Room XII. To the right : *932. W. Leibl, Study of a head ; 971. Munkacay^
Old woman; 972. L. Jimenet^ Guard-room; 983. V. Lagye^ The librarian
(1870) ; 1889. Fr. Defregger, Tyrolese girl (1812). ~ Room XIII. To the
right: f64. E. SUngeneier^ Sinking of *Le Vengeur\ a French man-of-war
(1842); 774. K, Begat, Parents of the painter (1826); 768. Fr. Overbeek^
Patrons of art (cartoon designed by Cornelius) ; 746. Joh. Kupetzky (d. 1740),
Portrait of himself (?) ; no number, A. Oraffi^. 1818), Portrait. — Room XV.
980. A. jromiann, Norwegan fjord.
Room XVI. To the right. 888. Deftegger^ Wrestlers (1870); 902. Liezen-
Mayer, Queen Elizabeth signing the death-warrant of Queen Mary Stuart;
823. A. Achenhach, Departure of a steamer; *859. O. Riehter, Queen Louise
(1879); 886. B. VauHer, Funeral-feast; 864. Gude, Calm; 793. LesHng,
Monastery-court in winter; 777. RottmafM, Cefalu (Sicily); 788. B. C. Koekkoek,
852. Ed. Hildehrandt, 794. Zesting, Landscapes; 789. Ed. Bendemann, Mourn-
ing Jews in exile (1839) ; 795. /. W. Sehirmer, Italian landscape.
Room XVII. 973. F. Pradilla, Spanish scholar ; 935. W. Firle, 'Forgive
us our trespasses'; 925, 924. /. Sperl, Landscapes (figures by W. LetTtt);
923. W, Leibl, Portrait of Pallenberg; 930. G. Schdnlebery Dutch coast; 916.
/. Wenglein, On the Isar; 876. L. Knaus, The empty d'sh; 955. Trot/on,
Landscape; •921. W. Leihl, Father of the painter; 970. Munkacty, Village-
hero; 895. Letihaeh, Leo XIII.
Adjoining the S. side of the Museum is the Church of the
Minorites (PI. E, 4), an early-Gothic building of simple but hand-
some proportions, probably commenced in 1220, but not completed
till forty years later, and restored in 1860. The large window above
the portal in the principal facade and the elegant spire (of last
century), restored in the style of the original, are specially strik-
ing. The line sacristy has a round pillar in the centre. The church
contains the (modem) tombstone of the celebrated theological dis-
putant Duna Scoius (d. 1309), in the ambulatory at the back of the
high-altar, with the inscription : Scotia me genuitj Anglia me sus'
cepitj OaXlia me docuit^ Colonia me tenet.
Between the Oathedral and the Museum, at the small Wallrafs-
Platz (p. 39), begins the narrow HoHHSTBAsyB^ or Hooh-Stbassb (PI. E,
D, 4), the busiest street In Cologne, which with its prolongations
(Marzellen-Str. andEigelstein to the N., Hochpforte and Severln-Str.
to the S.) intersects the whole city from N. to S. To the right, near
the centre of the street , is the Kdniain-AnguMta-HalU , or P<maoe
(caftf, p. 27), an arcade with shops. Farther on, to the left, in the
Augustiner-Platz, is a bronze Statue of Bismarck, by F. Schaper
(1879).
In the Waidraarlt (PI. C, D, 4), at the^end gf(the Hochpforte,
b.OldToun, COLOGNE. 3, Route. 43
is the Hermann Joseph Fountain^ by W. Albermann (1894). —
Close by is the old church of —
St. Oeorge, consecrated in 1067, originally a plain Romanesque
columnar basilica, with a crypt of the same character (now restored).
The porch dates from 1536.
At the end of the Severin-Strasse (tramway No. 6, p. 28), to the
left, is St. Severin (PI. B, 4), which stands upon the site of a
Christian church built as early as the 4th century, and has been
often destroyed. The present church was consecrated in 1237 and
was thoroughly restored in 1880. The effective quadrangular tower
was erected In 1393-1411 ; the nave was furnished with new vault-
ing in 1479; the baptismal chapel, adorned with stained glass,
dates from 1505.
The sareopbagns of St. Severin with a roof-shaped lid , the excellent
mountings of a door of the 12th century . a copper-gilt reading-desk in
the form of an ««gle. and the Gothic choir-dtalls will repay Inspection.
The Matter of St. Severin (p. 41) 'akes his appellation from two eaTly-Cologne
pictures in the sacristy.
For the Severins-Thor and the Ring-Strasse^ see p. 53.
b. The Old Town to the E. of the Hoch-Strasse.
Between the Hoch-Strasse and the Rhine are situated several
important buildings, not far from each other. Another relic of the y
Roman fortifications is also preserved here in the shape of the ^
Romergang, a subterranean passage constructed of massive blocks
of tufa (adm., see p. 29). It is reached'by a winding staircase in
the restaurant *Im R5mer' (Unter Goldschmied 48; PI. E, 4). The
passage is about 7 ft. high and 4 ft. wide and has been explored for
120 yds. By the entrance are a few Roman remains.
A \)Tonze Statue of Field Marshal Mnlike, by Schaper, was erected
in 1881 in the Laurenz-Platz (PI. E. 4), a little io the S. — The
Portalsgasse leads immediately to the left to the Rathhaus-Platz.
The *Bathhaiii (PI. E, 4, 51 stands on the substructions of a
Roman stronghold (probably the Praetorium), of the arches of which
some remains are still visible In the cellar. The oldest part of the
present building (14th cent.) is the central portion (with the Hansa-
Saal), looking towards the Rathhaus-Platz. In 1569-71 an elegant
^Portico in the Renaissance style was built in front of this, from
the plans of Wilhelm Vemickel, bearing long Latin inscriptions and
reliefs alluding to the tradition of Burgomaster Oryn's fight with
the lion (see p. 44). The handsome, five-storied Tower was built
in 1407-14, from the proceeds of the fines imposed upon noble
families in 1396. Most of the statuettes with which it was adorned
have been replaced by modern substitutes. — The E. portions
of the structure, facing the Altenmarkt, were erected in 1549-50 ;
the fa^de, richly ornamented with reliefs and statues, was altered
in 1591, but restored by RaschdorfF in the original style in 1870. —
Admission, see p. 29. D,g,t„ed by Google
44 Routes. COLOGNE. h. Old Town (E.):
The L&wenhof, bnilt by Lorenz in 1540 in the Renaissance style, then
newly introdaced into Germany, is so named in reference to the tradition
(above alluded to) that Archbishop Engelbert sought the life of Burgomaster
Gryn (1264), and threw the obnoxious citizen into a lion's den in his palace,
from which, however, his intended victim contrived to escape unhurt.
The ^HaiUM'Saal, or Hanseatic Hall (30 yds. long, 8 yds. wide, 32 ft.
high), on the first floor of the Rathhaus, now used for meetings of the
municipal council, is said to be that in which the first general meeting
of the League took place on 19th Nov., 1367. The S. wall is entirely
occupied by nine rich canopies, with large figures vigorously executed in
stone, representing heathen, Jewish, and Christian heroes (Hector, Alexander
the Great, Ceesar; Joshua, David, Judas Maccabseus; Charlemagne, King
Arthur, Godfrey de Bouillon) \ above these, but smaller, Charles lY . , who
fortified the town and presented it with the privileges of a market, as the
figures on the right and left indicate. In the windows are the armorial
bearings of the diUerent imperial families of Germany, on the long wall
those of forty-five patrician families of Cologne, on the ceiling those of
the burgomasters of Cologne, from 1346to the downfall of the independence
of the city. The two upper series are the arms of the twenty-two guilds.
— The principal apartment of the portion of the Bathhaus which was
erected in 1550 (towards the Altenmarkt) is the ' MuMchel-SaaT (shell-
room) , richly decorated in the rococo style in 1761. The Tapestry , with
which it is adorned, was executed by Vos from drawings by Wouverman,
and was purchased by the Town Council from the heirs of Elector Clement
Augustus. — The former Rath$-Saal is in the tower. The fine door, adorned
with intarsia, was executed by MelcMor Beidi in 1603 \ to the same period
belong the stucco ceiling, ornamented with medallions of the emperors,
and the door of the committee-room, transferred hither from the Arsenal.
— The part of the building between the Hansa-Saal and the Baths-Saal has
been adorned with modem carved panelling and mural paintings in the
Gothic style.
In the RATHHAus-PjiAIgt to the left, is the late-Gothic Chapel of
the Rathhaus, which formerly contained the Dombild (p. ST), and
was consecrated in 1426. The spire is of graceful proportions; the
sacristy dates from 1474. To the right is an edifice known as the
Spanish BuUdino. erected in 1611-17 after Flemish models, and
restored in 1886.
On the right side of the Martin-Str. , a little to the S. of the Rath-
haus, is the *GarBenich (_P1. E, 4), with its pinnacles and turrets,
built in 1441-52 at a cost of 80,000 florins, to aerve-aa. a *Herren
Tanzhaus' and banquet-saloon on occasions when the Town Council
desired to entertain distinguished guests with a magnificence worthy
of the city. Besides the 'Giirzenich' property the Council purchased
several other pieces of ground to form a site for this imposing build-
ing. The architect was Johann von Biiren. The first grand festival
was held here in 1475 in honour of Emperor Frederick III. Other
festivals took place in 1477, 1486, 1505, and 1521. In the 17th
and 18th centuries the large saloon fell into decay, and was used as
a magazine till 1857, when, after undergoing a thorough renovation
at the hands of Jul. Raschdorfif, it was restored to its original uses.
This is the finest of the ancient secular edifices of Cologne.
Above the E. gateways are statues of Agrippa and Martilius^ the
founder and the defender of Cologne in the Roman period, executed by Hohr,
painted by Rleinertz in the ancient style, and erected in 1859 in place of
the old ones, which had become injured by exposure to the weather.
Interior (adm., see p. 29). On the groundfloor is the former magazine,
St. Maria im Capitol. COLOGNE. 3. Route. 45
converted by Herr Weyer in 1875 into a fine Exghangk Hall Tno adui.
in the morning). The handsome Staibcasb was added in 1891-92. — On
the first floor is the spacious *F£8t-Saal (58 yds. long, 24 broad), borne
by twenty-two richly carved wooden columns, with a gallery. The modern
stained-glass windows represent the armorial bearings of Jiilich , Cleve,
Berg, and Mark, the mediseval allies of Cologne, with, St. Peter as the
patron-saint of the city, two Imperial eagles, the arms of Cologne itself,
those of six burgomasters of the period when the building was first erected,
and those of the twenty-two guilds. The two large Chimney Piecti of the
15th century, richly carved with scenes from the history of the town,
are worthy of inspection. The walls are adorned with a fine representa-
tion of the Procession on the completion of the cathedral in 1880, by
CampTiauseny the two Roebers^ Beekmann^ and Baur. — The Antkghakbeb
(^Kleine Giirzenich" or 4sabeIlen-Saar) is adorned with mural paintings
by Schmitz, representing the entry of the Empress Isabella, the legend of
the Cologne wood-cutting expedition (vt>. that Marsilius saved the town
from a beleaguering enemy by sending out armed women against them on
the pretext of felling wood), and the Festival of St. John (a symbolical
washing away of the evil of the year in the Rhine, mentioned by Petrarch,
who visited Cologne in 1333). - Concerts and ball, see p. 28.
The Martin-Str. ends at the Lichhof (VLD, 4), beside the church of \
St. Maria im Capitol. Immured in the N. side of the Platz is the main i
archway of the Pfaffenthor (Porta Paphia ; PI. Pf.), brought to light
in 1893 opposite the W. end of the cathedral. It bears the inscription
C. C. A. A. (i.e. Colonia Claudia Augusta Agrippinen sis), below which
the name of Gallienus appears as that of the builder (259-268).
The church of ♦St. Maria im Capitol (Zint Marjen in local speech ;
Pl.D, 4), consecrated in 1049 by Pope Leo IX., a cruciform edifice
in the Romanesque style, constructed on an imposing and somewhat
peculiar plan. The choir and transept terminate in semicircular
46 Route 3. COLOGNE. h. Old Town (K):
apses with an ambulatory round each, and impart to the £. end of
the building the trefoil shape, of which this is the earliest example
at Cologne. The vaulting of the aisles dates from the 11th cent.,
the upper portion of the choir from the 12th, and the remaining
vaulting probably from the 13th century. The church owes its name
to the ancient tradition that this site was once occupied by the
Roman Capitol, which was succeeded by the palace of the Frankish
kings. The original edifice was erected at least as early as 696 and
is said to have been built by Plectrudls, wife of Pepin of H^ristal
and step-mother of Charles Martel.
The church, which has other entrances in the Harien-Plats and in the
Casino-rtr. (No. 6), is not open fur inspection until 12 noon. Best light
about midday.
The *lNTBiuoR was decorated in 1870 with frescoes, begun by BMnU
(paintings in the apse), and completed by OoeObels from tue designs of
JSsienwein of Nuremberg and Klein of Vienna. — In the W. vestibule are
painting by Bant Baldung Orien (Death ot the Vii^in; 1521). — The modem
high-altar was designed by £ttenwein. — The o|^ken door which leads into
the uyse of the JN . transept, decorated with very prpminent reliefs, dates
from the foundation of the church. The 8. (Haraenrath's) chapel (of 1466)
contains fine stained glass. In the Archive Boom is a late-Komanesque
portable altar. — The fine Cbtpt, with its nave and aisles, its quadran-
gular chapels, and its side-chambers, corresponds with the form of the
choir. It contains the tomb of Plectrudls (12tb-cent.), and some ancient
mural paintings. — The Bomanesque Clolbtbrb, beside the entrance in
the Casino-Strasse, are quite built up.
We quit the Lichhof by the Gothic Dreikdnigen-Thdrchen on the
S. side. In the dirdction of the Rhine, Rheingasse No. 8, Is the
Templars' Lodge (PI. X), 5), a handsome Romanesque edifice, with
round-arched windows, niches , and corbie-stepped gables, dating
from the 12th or the beginning of the 13th century. It was the
family residence of the *Over8tolzen\ a powerful family of medlsTal
Cologne, and was bought by the town in 1836 and judiciously restored.
It Is now used by the Chamber of Commerce. — A little to the S.,
in the Filzengdsse , Is the Protestant Trinity Church (PI. D, 4, 5),
in the early-Christian basilica style, designed by Stiller (1860). —
For the church ofSt. Maria in Lyakirchen and the Harbour, see p. 47.
The short street known as 'AmMalzbiicher leads to theN.E. from
the upper end of the Rheingasse to the Hbumabkt (PI. D, E, 5),
one of the largest squares In the town. Here rises the Xonument
of Frederick William III., erected in 1878 by the inhabitants of
the Rhenish provinces.
The colossal equestrian statue of the king on a lofty pedestal is surrounded
by statues of the principal statesmen and warriors who cooperated with
him in raising Prussia to the rank of a first-class power and in freeing the
Bhenish provinces from Frenca domination (Bliicher, Stein, Amdt, Hum-
boldt, etc.). The reliefs on the sides indicate the progress of the Bhenish
provinces in science, art, commerce, and manufactures. The chief figure
and the statues on one side are by BlOser of Cologne (1813-74), those at
the front and back by Drake, the rest by BchweiniU, Tondeur, and Bilehting,
The reliefs are by Valandrelli.
Gross 8t. Martin COLOGNE. 3. Route, 47
In the adjacent Altbnmaukt (PI. £, 5) is a monumental Fountain,
in the German Renaissance style, after a design by Albermann (1885).
The chief figure is a statue of Johann von Werth (d. 1651 ; p. 14),
a famous cavalry general in the Thirty Years* War ; the figures of
a peasant and maiden at the sides refer to the tradition that he
became a soldier on account of a love-disappointment.
The Zoll-Strasse leads from the Altenmarkt to the Rhine. In
this street is the old Irish Church (*Schotten-Kirche*) of *OroBB
St. Martin (PI. E, 5), formerly on an island in the Rhine, dating
originally from the Merovingian period. The existing church, built
by Abbot Adelhard, after the repeated destruction of previous
edifices, was consecrated by Abp. Philip in 1172. The massive E.
portion, with its imposing tower (270 ft. high) surrounded by four
corner-turrets, seems to have been constructed in the 13th cent.,
and was restored in 1437 and 1454-99. (The S.W. comer- turret fell
in 1526, and was not restored tiHlBT^;^ Before the pointed W.
portal is a porch covered with groined vaulting, probably dating
from the 14th century. The whole building has been restored by
Nagelschmidt.
The Intbbios (visitors ring at the screen; fee 50 pf. eachj sacristan,
Zoll-Str. 7a) has been decorated from the designs of Ettenwein. In the
comer to the left of the entrance is a marble font, adorned with lions'
beads and foliage, said to have been presented by Pope Leo III. in 803. On
the upper side-altars are six modem statues of Saints, by Hoffmann of
Borne. The N. aisle contains a fine Descent from the Gross, by Du BoiSy
and Christ before Annas, by Honthortt. Fine modern tiled pavement, made
at Hettlach.
The Zoll-Strasse ends at the Stapelhaus (PI. E, 5), built in
1558-69 and restored in the original style in 1900-1. Besides a
restaurant (p. 27) this edifice accommodates the municipal Museum
of Hatnral History (adm., see p. 29), the entrance to which is is
the Mauthgasse.
On the Firtt Floor are the Vertebrata, including a large collection of
native birds. There is also a lecture-room (adm. free). — On the Second
Floor are the less developed animals and the m nerals and fossils.
A large new Central Market (PI. D, 5) was begun in 1902 amid
the quaint old lanes between the Heumarkt and the Rhine. —
Farther up the river, in the street *An Lyskirchen', is the ancient
church of St. Maria in Lyskirchen (PI. D, 5) , rebuilt in the transi-
tion style at the beginning of the 13th cent, and embellished with
ceiling-paintings and recently restored throughout (sacristan, An
Lyskirchen 10). Here begin the new Harbour Works mentioned
at p. 80.
Near this point are the only two bridges across the Rhine at
Cologne, viz. the older Bridae-of- Boats (PI. P, E, 6) and, near the
new gardens on the Frankenwerft, the Iron Bridge (PI. E, F, 5).
The latter (completed in 1859) is broad enough for a double line
of rails and a separate roadway for ordinary traffic (toll 3 pf.). It
is 453 yds. long, and 47 ft. above the average level of the water.
48 Routes, COLOGNE. c. Old Town (W.):
Over the entrance on the left (Cologne) bank is an Equestrian Statue
of Frederick William IV., in bronze, by Blaser, on the right bank
an Equestrian Statue of William I. by Drake, both erected in 1867.
The approach to the bridge on the left bank affords a good survey
of the choir of the cathedral. — Deuts, on the right bank, see p. 55.
c. The Old Town to the W. of the Hoch-Btrasse.
In the Briickengasse (on the right) is the late-Gothic church of
St. Columha (PI. E, 4), the kernel of which is a Romanesque
columnar basilica. The church-treasury is rich. — The Synagogue
(PI. E, 4), in the Glockengasse, was built in 1859-61 in the Moorish
style, from designs by Zwirner. Farther to the "W., in the same
street, is the Alte Stadt-Theater (PI. E, 3), by Raschdorff (1872).
The Kreuzgasse and Antonsgasse lead hence to the S. to the
convent and church of St, Ceeilia (PI. D, 3, 4), the latter a very
ancient building, rebuilt as early as 930-41 , and again in the 12th
century, on which occasion parts of the edifice of the 10th century
appear to have been retained. It contains a curious crypt, which
is wrongly described as a remnant of the oldest episcopal church
built by St. Matemus. Good relief above the arch of the N. door.
The interior has lately been restored; the painting of the choir
dates from about 1300, but the pictures in the apse and nave are
modern. — Adjacent is the church of St. Peter (PI. D, 3), begun
in 1524 and successfully restored in 1890-92.
The Imtbsiob haa been redecorated, with the aid of the old painting.
— The choir contains a late-Gothic carved altar with good pictures on the
wings (fee 76 pf.), and beautiful stained-glass *Window8 of 1528 and 1680
(Bearing of the Cros'', Crucifixion, Descent from the Cross). In the chapel
to the right of the choir (but concealed by a mediocre altar-piece) is the
*Oucifixion of St. Peter, by Rubens^ recovered from Paris in 1814. Thia
fine picture, one of the most vigorous works of the master, but repellent
owing to its startling fidelity to nature, was painted by order of the
.Tabach family in 1638-40 in memory of Herr Bberhard Jabach, the well-
known patron of art (d. 1636). It is shown by the sexton for the some-
what exorbitant fee of li/s JK- Behind the altar reposes Jan Bubens
(d. 1587), the father of the painter.
Opposite is the Wolkenburg y resembling the Gurzenlch, the
meeting-place of the Mdnner-Gesangverein (p. 28).
At the back of the two charches last described is situated the
spacious Hospital (PI. D, 3), erected in 1846. It may be inspected
in the afternoon (small fee to the attendant). — To the N.W. are
the Neumarkt and the Apostles' Church (p. 49).
At the E. end of the Sternengasse (Xo. 10. left side), near the Hoch-
Strasse, is a handsome house in which Rubent is erroneously said to have
been born. The house bears an inscription and a relief above the door
in memory of the illustrious master v- and on the opposite side is an in-
scription recording (correctly) that Marie de MicUeis, widow of Henri IV.
of France, died here in exile in 1642.
The church of St. Pantaleon (PI. C, 3 ; now a military church,
and also used by the Old Catholics) was constructed on the site of
AjfOsUes Church. COLOGNE. 3. Route. 49
t i older building in 964-80. The materials for this purpose are said
to have been taken by Archbishop Bruno (d. 965), brother of Emperor
Otho the Great, from the remains of Oonstantine's bridge (p. 30).
The choir and the vaulting date from the beginning of the 13th cent. ;
but the substructure of the towers, with its two-storied additions,
seei' s to belong entirely to the 10th century. The towers were rebuilt
in . J91. Archbishop Bruno and the Empress Theophano (d. 999) are
buried in the church. There are some remains of Romanesque mural
paintings in the E. transept and the side-chapels.
The Mauritius- Steinweg (tramwax„lSra^4, p. 28) leads hence to
the N.W. to the Mauritius-Kirche (PI. D, 2, 3), built by Vincenz
Statz in the Gothic style in 1861-65.
In the N.W. angle of the liBujy^BSS,(Pl. D, E; 3), a square planted
with trees (military parade at noon), the largest in the old town,
rises the *AP08tleB' phnych (PI. E, 2, 3), a remarkably handsome
basilica with aisles and double transept. Over the E. crossing rises a
dome flanked with two slender corner-towers, and over the W. crossing
a square tower. The picturesque choir and the arms of the E. transept
end in very spacious rounded apses, adorned with two series of niches
and a miniature gallery above them. The oldest parts, including the
W. tower, date from the first half of the 11th cent; at the end of
the 12th cent, the edifice was vaulted, the pilasters in front of the
pillars introduced, and the choir enlarged; and the church was
finally completed about 1220. In 1895-1901 the choir and transepts
were adorned with mosaics from designs by Kleinertz and Stummel.
* When the plague raged at Cologne in 1367, Bichmodis von Lyskir-
chen, wife of the knight Mengis von Aducht, was attacked by the malady,
and liaving fallen into a deathlike swoon, was interred in the Apostles'*
Church. Being awakened from her trance by a thievish grave-digger in
his attempts to abstract her ring, she returned to the house of
her husband, who, imagining he beheld an apparition, declared he would
sooner believe that his horses could ascend to the loft of his house than
that his departed spouse should return in proprid pertond. Scarcely had
the words escaped his lips, says the legend, than horses'* hoofs were heard
mounting the stairs, and their heads were speedily seen looking out of a
window in the upper story of the house. The lady recovered, and lived
for many years afterwards. Two horses'* heads, affixed to the upper story
of the house with the tower on the N. side of the Keumarkt (So. 10), are
said to have been placed there in commemoration of the miraculous
event, but they more probably formed part of the armorial bearings of
l^icasins von Haquenay, who built the house.
The Kichmod-Strasse (tramway No. 3, p. 28) and its continua-
tions lead hence direct to the church of St. Gereon (p. 50). —
From the end of the Richmod-Str. the busy Brbitb-Steassb (PI. E,
3, 4; tramway No. 4) leads to the E. back to the Wallraf-Richartz
Museum (p. 39) and the cathedral.
d. The N. Quarters of the Old Town.
The Burgmauer, beginning at the Pom-Kloster (p. 39), and the
busy Kqmodien- Strasse (PI. F, 4, 3) lead to the W. to the hand-
some ^^C^rpfTcomJleted in 1893. r^^^^T^
.. ' „ • . ._,^ „^. Digitized by VjOOQIC
Baedekjse's Rhine. 15th Edit. ^ ^40
50 LioaU'd. COLOGNE. d. N. Quarters:
In the Zeughau8-Str., the continuation of the Komodien-Str.,
are the Arsenal (1601), with the guard-honse, and the OovernmerU
Building (1830). — Farther on to the left, at the corner of the
Apern-Str. (which leads to the Apostles' Church, p. 49), rises the
I so-called RofnErthurm fPl. F, 3), or Clarenthurmj an ancient round
i tower inlaid with stones of different colours. It formed the N.W.
angle of the ancient Roman town (comp. p. 30). The upper part,
with battlements, is modern. — The Steinfeldergasse leads hence to
the Gbeeonsdbibsch (PI. F, 3), which is planted with trees.
The church of *St. .gereon (PL F, 3), dedicated to the 318
martyrs of the Theban legion, with their captain Gereon, who, ac-
cording to the legend, perished hete in 286 during the persecution
of the Christians under Diocletian, is an edifice of very peculiar
style (recently thoroughly restored). The long Romanesque choir is
adjoined by a decagonal nave in the Gothic style, with a quadran-
gular vestibule. The original structure, circular in form, with ten
niches resembling those of the NymphaBum of the ^Minerva Medica'
at Rome, is said to have been erected by the Empress Helena^ mothei
of Constantino the Great. Archbishop Anno (d. 1075) added the
choir and the spacious crypt, and Archbishop Arnold II. built the E.
apse and the two square towers about 1160. In 1219-27 the round
part of the church, having become dilapidated, was converted into
the present decagonal nave, 153 ft. in height, 20 yds. in length,
and 18 in breadth, covered with groined vaulting, the eight shorter
sides retaining the original niches. Other alterations took place in
the 14th and 15th cent., to which period belongs the vaulting of
the choir and of the vestibule. The s&criBtan, who is generally to
be found in the church in the morning (visitors knock), lives at
Gereons-Kloster No. 4 (1-2 pers. 1 Jf; for more, 50 pf. each).
The Vestibule contains a few ancient tombstones. To the right is
a small chapel added in 1897, with a Pieta by /. ReU$.
The *TKTRyTf^it, recently embellished with paintings by Odhbeh after
Eumwein'9 designs, presents an imposing appearance. In small chapels in
the recesses of the nave, above which runs a gajlery borne by short
columns, are seen the stone sarcophagi of the maftyrs, "half built into the
.^dbyGoOg
8L Iksala. COLOGNE. 3. RouU, 51
walls. Their skalla are arranged ander gilded arabesques along the sides
of the Choir ^ to which fifteen steps ascend. The carved choir-stalls date
from the beginning of the l4tii cenfnry. Above is some tapestry of the
18th cent., \dth scenes from the story of Joseph. The E. end of ttie choir
is reached by seven steps more. — The Sacristy^ in the purest Gothic
style, dating from 1816, containing fine Gothic stained glass, and the octa-
gonal Baptwtery (adjoining the nave), with much defaced mural paintings
of the first half of the 13th cent., are also worthy of notice.
The Cbtpt below the choir, with its three aisles borne by sixteen
columns , dating (with the exception of the 12t1i cent. E. end) from the
11th cent., contains an interesting specimen of tiie art of that period:
viz. a Motaie Pavement , the sections of which represent scenes from the
lives of David and Samson, and the signs of the Zodiac. It was, perhaps,
executed by Italian workmen, as similar scenes are very common in
Italian churches. The fragments, which had got into disorder, were suc-
cessfully restored and supplemented by the psdnter Avenarius in 1869-71.
Adjacent is the CUyLayrary (PI. F, 3), with the Archives, built
in the Gothic style in 18^4-97 (adm., see p. 29). The former con-
tains about 150,000 vols., including a noted collection of editions
of the Imitation of Christ'.
The shortest route from the Gereonsdriesch (tramway No. 2,
p. 28) to the Hansa-Platz and the Museum of Industrial Art (p. 54)
is via the Klingel-Piitz and the Gereonsmuhlengasse (PI. F, G, 3). —
On the left side of the Gereons-Strasse, which leads hack to the
cathedral, is situated the Archiepiscopal Palace (PL F, 3), whence
the Hunnenrtlcken leads to the IJbstjla-Platz (PI. F, G, 4).
St. Ursula (PL G, 4) occupies the site of a church of the 4th
century. In the 11th cent, it existed as a flat-roofed basilica with
galleries, but in the 13th cent, it received a vaulted roof and the
early-Gothic choir was added (1287). The S. aisle, of the same
period, was re-vaulted in the 15th century. The entire edifice was
restored in the original style in 1890-91.
The church is closed except during service, which ends about 10 a.m.
(sacristan, Ursulagarten - Str. 1). — The "S. aisle, near the choir, contains
a moniunent, by Johann Lenty erected in 1658 to 8t. Ursula^ an English
princess, who, according to the legend, when on her return from a pil-
grimage to Rome, was barbarously murdered at Cologne with her 11,(XX)
virgin attendants. The figure is in alabaster,- with a dove at the feet.
The bones of these virgin martyrs are preserved in cases, placed round
the church. The legend is also illustrated by a series of old paintings,
frequently retouched, on the side-wall on the left. Ten old pictures of
the Apostles, to the left of the S. entrance, are painted on slabs of slate,
one of them bearing the date 1224. Under the organ , by the pillar to
the left, is a late-Gothic relief in stone, representing tiie Bearing of the
Cross. Below is the sarcophagus of a child belonging to the family of the
Prankish major-domo. The choir waa redecorated by J. Osten in 1897. —
The GoLDBNS Eammeb, or treasury (admission 1 Jt)^ contains the fine late-
Romanesque Reliquary of St. Ursula^ several other reliquaries of the Gothic
ueriod, a carved rock-crystal chessman of the Garlovingian period, and
Persian and late-Boman textiles.
The Marzellen-Str. leads hence to the cathedral (p. 32), passing
the Jesuits^ Church(Y\. F, 4), or Church of the Assumption, originally
a Gothic church without transepts, but rebuilt in 1618-29 in the
late - Renaissance style peculiar to this order. The pulpit and
4* ^
52 Route 3. COLOGNE. e. Bing-Strasae.
high-altar are overladen with decoration j the communictntB* bench
is a masterpiece of workmanship in marble. The bells were cast
with the metal of cannons taken by Tilly at Magdeburg, and pre-
sented by him to the church.
A few paces to the S.W. is the church of St. Andreas (PI. F, 4),
with Romanesque nave of 1220 and a raised Gothic choir of 1414.
It contains a fine brass-gilt late-Gothic reliquary (the ^Reliquary
of the Maccabees'), with reliefs, in which the remains of Albertus
Magnus (d. 1280 ; see p. 40) have reposed since 1859.
To the "W. of the Jesuits' Church, in the street named 'An den
Dominikanern', is the imposing Pffst Office (P1.F,4), completed in
1893, an early-Gothic building with turrets at the comers. It is
adorned with numerous statues. Inside are busts of Post-Master-
General Stephan and Baron von Thum-und-Taxis, the founder of
the modern postal system (16th cent.). — Nearly opposite is the
Reichsbankj or Imperial Bank, an early-Gothic structure in red
sandstone (1897). — On the Rhine (Kaiser- Friedrich-Ufer ; tramway
No. 1, p. 28), near the N. end of the old town, is the church ot
St. Cunibert (PI. G, 5), an excellent example of the transition style,
consecrated by Archbp. Conrad in 1248 and restored in 1869-71. It
is a vaulted basilica with two transepts and three towers.
The Intebiob contains (in the choir and transepts) remains of good
Romanesque mural paintings (restored hy OSbbeU)^ a picture of the school
of Meister Wilhelnu and sculptures of the iith and 16th centuries (relief
of the Crucifixion). At the entrance to the choir is a fine colossal group
of the Annunciation (late-Gothic). The choir has fine stained glass of the
I3th cent., and is decorated with encaustic mural paintings by Welter (1860).
Fine modern organ.
e. The Eing-Strasse and the New Claartera of the City.
Tramways (Nos. 5, 2, and 3), see p. 28.
The most striking feature in the new town is the wide and
handsome *Eing-StraB8e, or series of boulevards laid out since 1881,
31/2 M. long, which completely encircles the old town, and occupies
the site of the old fortifications, purchased by the corporation for
590,000i. Many of the streets have been widened and laid out with
flower-beds and trees, fragments of the old city-wall and three of
the mediaBval gates are still extant, while the modern buildings are
in many cases ambitious and striking edifices.
Near the Vbier-Ringy the still unfluished S. end of the Ring-
Strasse, on the new quay on the Rhine, stands the Bayenthurm
(PI. B, 5), a square pinnacled tower of the 13-14th cent., which has
been restored along with an adjoining piece of the city- wall, and
no wJtemporarily accommodates Prof. Joesfs Ethnographical Collection
(adm., see p. 59). To the S. are the Harbour Station and the Rbmer
Park (PI. A, 5). — Passing the ipicturesque Bottmuhle (PI. B, 5),
a Jtower surrounded by pleastire-grounds, we reach the handsome
SeTerins-Thor (PI. A. 4), a relic of the mediaBval fortifications. —
Adjacent is the charch of Si. Sevtrin (p. 43).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
c. Ring-Strasse. COLOGNR. 3. Route, 53
From the Chlodwigs-Platz (PI. A, 4) we follow the Carolinger-
Ring to the *Sach8en-Ring (PI. B, 4, 3), both sides of which are oc-
cnpled by private villas. In th middle , to the right, is the Vlre-
pforte^ a mediaeval town-gate, now connected with a caf6-r6staurant.
Farther on, on the outside of a fragment of the old city-wall still ex-
tant, is the Ulre Monument, with an aUegorical relief of the 14th cent,
(restored in 1886), in memory of the victory of the citizens under the
Overstolzen (p. 46) over 500 soldiers of Archbishop Engelbert, who
had stolen into the town, on 1 5th Oct., 1267. Several streets lead from
the Sachsen-Ring to the S.W. to the VoUca-GarUn (Pi. A, 2, 3 ; p. 27),
with pleasure-grounds, a ake, and fountains.
The Salier-Ring (PI. B, C, 2), with the Technical CoUege (No. 32),
leads to the Barbarossa-Platz (PI. G, 2), a square adorned with
gardens and a fountain. In the Hohenstauf en-Ring (PI. D, 0, 2) are
the handsome Hohenstaufen Baths (p. 29). In the Ziilpicher-Platz,
to the left, is the Roman Catholic Hen-Jem-Kirche^ by Schmidt of
Vienna (tower still to build). To the N.W. is the Konigs-Platz,
with a Synagogue (PI. D, 1) , erected in the Romanesque style in
1896-99. — In the short Hahsburger-Ring rises the Neue Stadt-
Theater (PI. D, 2 ; p. 28), erected in the baroque style by K. Moritz
in 1900-1902. — Nearly opposite, in the Rudolphs-Platt, an import-
ant tramway-centre, is the —
Hahnenthor (PI. E, 2), a massive town-gate of the early 13th
cent, with two towers, which has been restored and fitted up as a
Historical Museum of the City of Cologne (adm., see p. 29; visitors
ring). Its contents include weapons and armour, models of old
buildings of Cologne, town-plans of various periods, portraits, ban-
ners (14-19th cent.), arms, Cologne stamps, dies, and coins, and
weights and measures.
From the Hohemollem-Rino (PI. E, F, 2) and the Kaiser-Wil-
helm-Ring (PL F, 2) streets lead to the left to the well-kept Stadt-
Garten (p. 27). In the square in front of it is the new Protestant
ChristuS'Kirche (PI. F, 2), by Wiethase, the interior of which also
deserves attention. In the Blsmarck-Strasse is the Residenz-Theater
(PI. F, 2; p. 28), opened in 1902. At the N. end of the gardens
in the Kaiser- Wilhelm- Ring, on a rocky base, stands the Emp.
WiUiam J. Memorial fPl. F, G, 2), a monumental fountain, 35 ft.
high, by R. Anders (1897). Below the equestrian statue of the
emperor are seated figures of Father Rhine and Colonia. — A little
to the S.E. is the church of St. Gereon (p. 50). — In the Hansa-
PlatZy in the middle of the Hansa-Ring (PI. G, 3, 4), a large fragment
of the old town-walls, known as the Oereonsmiihle, has been preserved.
Adjacent stands the ^Xuseum of Industrial Art fPl. G, 3),
erected in 1897-1900 from plans by Brantzky, Admission, see
p. 29; good catalogue (1902), 50 pf. Director, Dr. Otto von FaJke.
Ground Floor. The glass-covered cotirt is used for temporary exhibi-
tions. Prom the vestibule we ascend the staircase on the right. — Room I.
i
54 Route 3. COLOGNE. e. Ring-Strasse,
Medieeyal ecclesiastical furniture and ornaments. In Case 1 are •Ivory
earrings, including the consecration-comb of St. Ueribert (999-1021), Arch-
bishop of Cologne, and an oriental ivory casket (Idth cent.)* The other
cases contain carved caskets, enamels, embroideries, and metal-work.
Wall 7, *Antependium from the church of St. Ursula (12th cent. ; figures
of saints of the 14th cent.). Gothic stained-glass windows fl4-16th cent.). —
Room II. Domestic furniture of the Gothic period (16th cent.). Also,
Hgures of Justice (ca. 1510) and paintings on glass (Adoration of the Magi ;
1474) from the Rathhaus. — Room III. Early-Renaissance furniture, etc.,
irom the Lower Rhine. — Room IV. Late-Renaissance room (Colopme); the
wall-panelling and floor from the Spanish House (p. 44). — Room V.
Stoneware, tiles, and building-materials from the Lower Rhine. Stained
glass of 1538 (Cologne). — Room VI. Cottage furniture. — Room VII. In-
dustrial art of the Renaissance, in Italy, France, and Spain. Wall 39.
'Bronze Door-knocker, by Owvanni da Bologna. Case 45. *Palis8y Ware.
Also, paintings on glass from Switzerland and Cologne (to the left, St. Catha-
rine, by A, Woensam). — Room VIII. German furniture, metal-work, and
ornaments of the High Renaissance period. *Stained Glass from B&le, in
the style of Hans Holbein the Totmger (formerly at St. Blasien; 1528). —
Room IX. Baroque furniture from Cologne, and blown-glass. Case 63.
*Glass from Venice and Cologne. — Gallskibs X-XII. Iron work from
the late-Gothic period to the 18th century. In Gallery XII we may note the
balcony-railing from Aiz-la-Chapelle (1737).
First Floor. Room XIII (to the right). Dutch and Low German fur-
niture (17th cent.). Dutch, German, French, Italian, and Swedish fayence
(17-18th cent.). — Room XIV. German and French furniture of the 18th
century. — Room XV. European porcelain of the 18th and 19th cent., the
German potteries being especially well represented (""Cases 100 and 101,
Hochst and Frankenthal porcelain). Wall 108. Sevres porcelain. Case 91.
Wedgwood and other English porcelain (18th cent.). — Gallebt XXI.
Cabinets 125-180. Book-bindings (14-18th cent.). Cabinets 131, 132. Cutlery
and tools — Room XVI. Textile fabric*. — Room XVII. Orieutal industrial
art, including Chinese and Japanese porcelain and Indian metal-work, etc.
— Room XVIII is used for temporary exhibitions. — Room XIX represents
a Swiss room of the late-Renaissance period (17th cent.). — Gallebt XX.
Lace; furniture-ornaments in the Empire style (ca. 18(X)). — Gallery XXI
is adjoined by the large Pallbnbbbo Saloon, handsomely fitted up from
M. LecMer't designs at the expense of Herr PaUenberg (d. 1900), and con-
taining a portion of the municipal silver-plate. — Gallebt XXII. Embroi-
deries; modern medals and plaquettes.
The first floor also accommodates th^tvaluable Library of Industrial Art,
founded in 1889, including a collection of patterns (two catalogues, 25 pf.
each). Adm., see p. 29.
Farther on, on the right, is the Commercial High School, built in
1900 , beyond which the HanBa-Rlng is crossed by the iron arches
of the railway.
The Eigelstein-TlLor (PI. G, 4), the N. fortified tower of the
mediaeval entrenchments, was restored in 1891. — The Ring-Strasse
is terminated by the Deutsche Ring (PI. H, 5), which is embellished
with flower-beds, ponds, and fountains. A monument to Emp.
Frederick III. is to be erected at its E. end.
The *Zoologiea] Churden (admission, see p. 27), which lies to
the N. of the town, about V/4 M. from the Central Station, may be
reached by tramway (No. 1, p. 28) or by steamboat (p. 291. From
the Deutsche Ring it is approached vift the Riehler-Strasse (Pl. H, 5;
tramway No. 5). Grounds well laid out ; fine collection of animals. —
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
y Google
y Google
y Google
y Google
DEUTZ. 3. Route. 55
Adjacent is the Botanical Garden of the 'Flora Co.' (adm., see
p. 27), with a handsome winter-garden, a concert-room, a Victoria
Regia honse, and an Aquarium, On the S. side of the garden is the
Summer Theatre (p. 28). — Beyond the Zoological Garden is the
Sport'Platz, with cycling track, tennis courts, shooting ranges, and
restaurant. — Ahout ^/^ M. farther on is a bridge-of-boats leading
to Maiheim (p. 25). — Near the end of Tramway No. 4 (p. 28), in the
Neusser-Str., some way from town, is the new Racecourse (comp. p. 28).
To the S.W. of the town, near the terminus of the Lindenthal
tramway (No. 7, p. 28), is the Stadtwald (Town Wood)^ a newly
planted district 4i80 acres in extent. It is adjoined by the older
park of the Kitchsburg (restaurant). The small restaurant (*Stadt-
waldschenke*) commands a good view of Cologne.
The extensive Cemetery, on the road to Aix-la-Ghapelle, V*''' from the
Hahnen-Thor (PI. B, 2; tramway No. 8, see p. 28), contains several fine
monaments, including those of Prof. Wallraf and Herr Bichartz (p. 39),
memorial monaments of the wars of 1866 and 1870-71, and a monument
to the memory of French prisoners who died here.
On the right bank of the Rhine, opposite Cologne, lies Deutg
(railway-station, see pp. 26, 62, 65), the tete-de-pont of Cologne, and
the Roman Castra Divitensia. It existed as a fortress down to 1114,
after which it was repeatedly destroyed, as a settlement here would
have been inconsistent with the privileges of Cologne. Since 1816
Deutz has been fortified by the Prussians in connection with Co-
logne. The imposing Romart Catholic Church (PI. D, 6), by Pickel,
is in the Romanesque style and was finished in 1896. The treasury
contains the sumptuous shrine of St. Heribert, of the year 1147.
The Protestant Johannis-Kirche (PI. E, 6) was consecrated in 1861 .
4. From Cologne to Nenss (BUsseldorf), Crefeld,
and C19V6.
74Va M. Railway to Cleve in 2Va-3V4 hrs. (fares 9 UIT 60, 7 UT 20,
i JtSO pf.)-, to Diisseldorf in I-IV2 hr. (fares 8^1^20, 2Ur40, 1^1^60 pf.).
Cologne^ see R. 3. — IV4 M. Nippes; 5 M. Longerich. — 9 M.
Worringert J perhaps the Buruncum of the Romans.
In a battle fought here in 1288 between the citizens of Cologne and the
Brabanters under the Duke of Berg on one side , and the Archbishop of
Quelders on the other, the struggle between the burghers and their arch-
bishop was decided in favour of the former (comp. p. 31).
13 M. Dormageriy the Roman Dumomagus.
About 2V2 M. to the B. , on the Rhine , lies Zont (Bender's Inn) , the
Roman Sontium^ a small town with numerous towers, which once belonged
to Cologne. It is one of the best Rhenish examples of a mediaeval fortified
town. The Premonstratensian abbey of Knechttteden ^ with a beautiful
Romanesque church (Oilhaeher Dom) begun in 1138 and restored after the
fire of 1867, is situated 3 M. to the W.
I8V2 M. Norf. To the right, farther on, the railway bridge of
the Nenss and Diisseldorf line is seen In the distance fp. 611.
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56 Route 4. CREFELD » From Cologne
2272 M. NeuBS (Rheinischer JHof; Bror$; Langenheckmann), men-
tioned as a Roman fortress in the annals of the Batavian war, under
the name Noveaium, is one of the oldest towns in Germany. Pop.
28,500. In 1474 it was in vain besieged by Charles the Bold of
Burgundy for forty-eight weeks, and in 1586 it was conquered and
treated with great severity by Alexander ^Farnese. The ^Quirtnus-
Kirche, an interesting building in the transition -style, begun in
1209 by the master Wolbero, is a basilica with nave and aisles, and
with towers over the crossing and over the W. end, which externally
forms a second transept. Above the aisles run galleries, and some of
the windows are peculiarly shaped. The rich ornamentation of the
W. part of the building demands attention. The extensive crypt
dates from the 11th century. The E. tower, which was re-erected
after its destruction by Are in 1741, is crowned with a Statue of
8t, Quirinus, the patron-saint of the town, who was probably a
Roman soldier. — The late-Gothic Raihhaus (1634-38), remodelled
in the 'Empire' style at the close of the 18th cent,, contains a large
hall adorned with a series of historical paintings by Janssen. In the
Oberthofy a large gate-house of the 14th cent, at the S. end of the
town, with two towers, is a small collection of Roman antiquities. —
Neuss formerly lay close to the Rhine, with which it is now con-
nected by a short canal, ending in a busy harbour.
From Neuss to Aix-la-Chapelle and DiUseldor/^ see R. 5; to Neenen-
Neutfferk and Rheydt-Viersen^ see p. 61; to DUren, see p. 15.
A branch -line leads from ifeuss via Heerdt to Obereassel^ on the
Rhine, opposite Diisseldorf, and connected with it by electric tramway.
DUsseldorf, see p. 20.
28 M. Osterath. — 32Y2 M. Oppum, the junction for the line
to Uerdingen (^Ruhrort, Duisburg; p. 62).
34 M. Grefeld. — Hotels. *Gkbfbldbr Hop (PI. b; B, 4), Hoch-Str. 60,
R. from 21/4, B. 1, B.SJt; *Beltz (Pl.a; B, 3), at the corner of Rhein-8tr.
and Friedrich-Str., R. 2V4, B. 1, D. 2i/^Jt; •Hbkps (PI. c? C,3), Ost-Wall;
GsuNBR Wald (PI. d; C,4), Hoch-Str. 8: Stadt MeNCHKH, Hoch-Str. 43;
ROmischbr Kaisbr, Keasser-Str., B. AB.2^/2J(; Gbrmania, at the station,
— Restaurants. Emler, 'K6ni%8-8iT. 20, D. from V/zJt; WalUnburg^ with
garden, i/« M. from the town ; StaM MUnchen^ Rdmitcher Kaiser ^ see above. —
Wine at *Kraeker'» and at the Bodega^ Ostwall 64 and 173. — Baths at the
*Btadibad^ Neusser-Str. 58. — Electric Tramways through the chief streets.
— Steam Tramways to DHueldorf (p. 20), Uerdingen (p. 62), J?(Ut, and
FisehOn. — XT. 8. Consul, T. R. Wdllaee^ Esq.
Crefeld, with 107,000 inhab. (13,000 in 1830; 1/4 Protestant),
an important railway-centre and the seat of the chief silk and velvet
manufactories in Germany, is first mentioned by name in a docu-
ment of 1166 and obtained municipal privileges in 1373. On the
extinction of the Counts of Moers in 1600 it came into the hands
of the Princes of Nassau and Orange, and in 1702 it fell by inherit-
ance to the crown of Prussia. The manufactories of Grefeld and its
environs at present employ about 20,000 power and other looms and
produce fabrics of an annual value of about 4,000,000f., vying with
those of Lyons, and largely exported to England and America.
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to Cleve, KEMPEN. 4. Route. 57
In tlie West-Wall is the Rathhaus (PI. B, 3), with good frescoes
(Battle of Arminius) by P. Janssen. — In the same street, farther
to the S., is the Empbkor William Mttsbum (PI. B, 4), completed
in 1897 (open daily, except Mon., 10 to 1 and 2 to 4 or 5; adm. 50 pf.,
free on Sun. and Wed. afternoons).
On the staircase is a statue of Emp. William I., \j Eberlein. — Qrovvd
Floob (r.). Rhenish wood- carvings, especially statuettes of the Virgin and
saints by Galcar masters ; pottery, furniture, weapons, glass, and china of
the Lower Rhine (18th cent.)^ modem fayence and furniture; objects from
E. Asia. — FiBST Floob. At the head of the staircase. The Blacksmith, a
figure by Const. Meunier (lBy6). Sculptures of the Italian Benaissance
(Luca della Robbia; Donatello); paintings (portraits of Emp. William I,,
LeoXm., and Bismarck, by Lenbach; Moon-rise, by Giltoul)-, plaster casts.
The Textile Academy (PL A, 6) contains an interesting Textile
Mttseum, and the rooms are decorated with frescoes by A. Banr,
referring to the silk-lndnstry.
In the Ost-Wall are monuments in honour of ComeUus de Orei/f
(PL 6; 0, 2), the philanthropist, Karl Wilhelm (PI. 7; 0, 3), com-
poser of the *Wacht am Rhein' (1854), and Moltke (PL 9; C, 4).
To the N.E., in the Bismarck-Platz, rises a bronze statue of Bis-
marck (PL 4; D, 1), by Eberlein.
On the Gladbach road, 3 M. to the S. of Crefeld, is a memorial of
the battle of Crefeld, in which Ferdinand of Brunswick, one of Frederick
the Great's generals, defeated the French on June 23rd, 1758. — The B^l-
ser Berffy 4 M. to the N. of Crefeld, is often visited thence either by
railway or on foot.
411/2 M.Eempen (Herriger; Euler; Keuter, with old wall-paint-
ings), an ancient town with 6700 inhabitants. The Stifts-Kirche, a
Gothic edifice with a Romanesque tower, contains some fine sedilia
(carved by Joh. Gruter in 1486) and choir-staUa (1493). The Castle,
with its three towers , which now contains the gymnasium , was
built in 1380-84 by Friedrich III. of Saarwerden, Archbishop of
Cologne. The Kuhthor, a brick building of the 14th cent., recently
restored , contains the Municipal Collection of Antiquities (key at
the Rathhaus), including cabinets, wood-carvings of the 16-17th
cent., portraits, weapons, and Roman and Prankish antiquities.
Thomas a Kempis (1380-1471), supposed author of the 'Imitatio
Christi', is commemorated by a bronze statue (by Piedboeuf; 1891)
in the Kirch-Platz. Branch-lines to VerUo (p. 61) and Viersen (p. 61).
The fertile district now assumes a Dutch character. 46 M. Aide-
kerk; 48V2 M. Nieukerk,
53 m. Geldem (Hdtel Dahlhausen, very fair;, with 6400 inhab.,
once the capital of the Duchy of Guelders, has belonged to Prussia
since 1 71 3 . Our line here intersects the railway from Holland ( Venlo ,
Straelen) to Bremen and Hamburg.
The train crosses the Mers. 681/2 M. Kevelaer (frequented by
pilgrims). To the right lies Wiwen, with the handsome restored
chateau of Baron von Loe. — 62 M. Weeze.
66 V2 M. Goch (H6U Qisberts, very fair;, with 9100 inhab., an
Important place in the middle ages, also a station on the line from
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58 RouU 4, XANTEN. From Cologne
Boxtel to Wesel , traversed by the express trains from Berlin to
Flushing (Berlin to London in 21 hrg.). Pop. 8000.
Ebom Goch to Wbsbl, 24V2 M., railway in V*-!*/* hr. (fares 3 Jf 30,
2 ur 40, 1 Ur 60 pf.). — 3 M. PrwsHtch-Uedem.
1272 M. Xanten (Hffvelmann, pens. 5 Jf; NitderrheinUeher G(utho/)^ a
town of great antiquity, with 3700 intiab. , is mentioned in the 'Nibelungea-
lied\ as the birthplace of Siegfried the dragon-slayer (p. 94). The Castra
Vetera of the Romans, founded by Augustus between B.C. 16 and 13 as
winter-quarters for two legions, and the headquarters of Roman operations
on the Lower Rhine until its destruction by the Batavians in 71 A.D., lay on
the Fiirstenberg (see below). The ^Collegiate Church of St. Victor,, erected
in 1213-1512, is a gem of Gothic architecture, illustrating the entire devel-
opment of the style. The two Romanesque towers 0^16 ft. high) belonged
to an earlier structure. The interior is adorned with paintings by Bart,
de Bruyn (1534) and other artists, and contains fine wood -carvings, tapestry,
and stained glass (14-17th cent.). By the piers are lifesise statues of the
14- 16th centuries. The wood-screen is of stone , and the entire choir ia
enclosed by an early -Gothic panelled screen, covered by old tapestry.
Between the choir and the sanctuary is a light brass screen, with three
urches. In front of the high-altar is a fine bronze candelabrum from
Maastricht, in the form of an*arch (1501). The sacristy contains Bome valuable
ecclesiastical vestments, including those of St, Bernhard (11th cent.), while
there are some fine reliquaries and ivory carvings of the 5- 15th cent, in
the treasury. — In front of the S. portal are large Stations of the Cross,
dating from 1525-36. The Chapel of St. Michael (15th cent.) and the Ckoer-
Thar (1393) are also interesting buildings. The Rathha/ut contains a good
collection of Roman antiquities (adm. 50 pf.). — Fine view from BcUotr
FUrstenberff, 1 M. to the S.E., on the hill of that name. — Steamer to Wesel,
To the N. of (16 M.) Birten is a Roman amphitheatre, 320 ft. in dia-
meter. — Beyond (IS^/z M.) BGderich, also a station on the Wesel and Venlo
line (p. 19), the train crosses the Rhine, and reaches (2479 M.) Wesel (p. 18)*
69 M. Pfalzdorf^ a large village near the Eeichiwald (p. 59), with
2500 inhab., founded by emigrants from thePalatinate(Pfalz) in 1741 .
741/2 M. Cleve. — Hotels (all with gardens). Bad-H6tbl & HdTBi.
Stykum, to the W. of the town, in the Thiergarten, R. 3-4, pens. 5-8 Ulf,
connected with the Friedrich-Wilhelmsbad, a hydropathic; Prinzbnhop
(p. 59), on an eminence to the S.E. of the town, with a large park; Hotel
Robbers, in the Thiergarten, R. 3, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 7 Jt; Matwald, on
the hill to the S. of the town, R. 3, B. 1, D. 8, pens. 1 jt; HdTBL Loock,
opposite the post-oMce ; Hotkl Holtzbm, near the palace ; Rhbinibchbb Hop,
at the station. — Beer: Lampe; Deutscher Kaiser; Grosser KwrfHrtt (stucco
ceiling of 1677). — Cafi - Restaurant Kaiser Friedrich, Haagsche-Str.
Yisitors' Tax, for a stay of more than a week, b Jl, — Kneipp Insii-
tiUe (Dr. Bergmann), to the 8.W. of the town.
Pott Of&ce, Haagsche-Strasse.
CUve^ Dutch Jncc/'(pop. 15,000), once the capital of the duchy of
that name, is beautifully situated on the slope of a wooded hill,
which at an early period formed the bank of the Rhine, and is
much frequented by Dutch families in summer. The chalybeate
spring is an additional attraction.
On a picturesque eminence in the town rises the Palace of the
former dukes, generally called the Schwanenbwrg (now a law-court
and prison), with the lofty ^Schwanenthurm (line view), erected by
Adolph I. in 1439, on the site of a Roman tower. In the courtyard
are Romanesque portals (now built up) and a Roman altar found in
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to CUve. CLEVE. 4. Route, 59
the vicinity. The legend of the *Knight of the Swan', so widely
known from Wagner's opera of ^Lohengrin', is localised at Cleve,
where an appropriate monument has heen erected in the Eleine
Markt. A Statue of the Elector John Sigismund (d. 1619) by Bayerle,
erected near the palace in 1859, is a memorial of the annexation
of the district to the Electorate of Brandenburg in 1609. — The
Raihhaua contains a few antiquities (including some good Roman
bronzes) and some pictures.
The Gothic Stifts-Kirche^ an imposing brick edifice, erected in
1341-56, contains monuments of Counts and Dukes of Cleve, the
finest those of Adolph VI. (d. 1394) and Margaretha von Berg
(d. 1425).
To the S.E. of the town lies the Prinzenhof, erected in 1664 by
Prince Maurice of Orange (d. 1679), Governor of Cleve (appointed
by the Elector of Brandenburg), and now a hotel and pension. The
Nassau AlMe, with its old lime-trees, extends along the hill-slope
to the Stembusch, whence a road leads to the left to the Hdtel-
Pension Haus Freudenberg (pens. 5 UJf), formerly a hunting-lodge
of Prince Maurice, I1/2 M. from Cleve, and thence to ^Berg und
ThaV (H6t.-Pen8. Sonderkamp), another summer-resort. — Towards
theW. lie the hills known as the Thiergarten, laid out with pleasant
park -like grounds (1654), which adjoin the road and railway to
Nymwegen. — The Clever Berg (335 ft.), to the S. of the Thier-
garten, commands one of the most beautiful views on the Lower
Rhine. In the foreground lies Cleve, and farther off the villages
of Qualburg and Bed burg, Chateau Moyland, and the towns of Calcar,
Xanten, Wesel, Rees, Emmerich, etc.
At the village of Brienen^ 2V2 M. to the N. of Cleve, is a monument
erected in 1811 to Johanna Sebtu^ whom Goethe celebrated for her heroism
during an inundation of the Rhine. — The Retchtteald, IVa M. to the S.W.
of Cleve, is the largest forest in the Rhenish province (17.000 acres).
Beyond Cleve the Rhenish Railway pursues its N. direction, crosses
the Rhine by means of a steam -ferry near stat. Elten^ and at stat.
ZeventMr unites with the Dutch line to Amsterdam and Rotterdam (R. 2) ;
see also Baedeker'^t Belgium and Holland.
To Nymwegen by railway via Oroesbeek and Cranenburg in 40 min. 5
comp. Baedeker^s Belgium and Holland.
From Cleve diligence once daily in IV4 hr. to (8 M.) Calear (see below).
On the way it passes (5 M.) Chateau Koyland, an imposing brick building
of the 15th cent., restored by Zwirner (1854 et seq.). Its owner, Baron
von Stcengracht, possesses the finest private picture-gallery on the Lower
Rhine, comprising good examples of Frans Hals, Van Dyck, Van der Heist,
JMoreelse, Honthorst, Jan Steen, Palamedes, Brueghel, Hobbema, and Wy-
nants (ftdm. on application in the court).
Calcar (Kuypers), a small town with 2000 inhab., was in 1490-1540 the
seat of a school of wood-carving, which derived its inspiration from Hol-
land. It was also the birthplace of the celebrated Prussian General Seyd-
litz (d. 1773), the conqueror at Rossbach, a handsome monument of whoip,
by Bayerle, adorns the market-place. The CJmreh of St. Mcholag, a Gothic
structure of the 15th cent., is a veritable museum of wood-carving, with
its alta^ choir-stalls, and candelabra. Its chief glory is the high-altar
(1498-1600), with wings painted by Jan Joest of Haarlem, who worked at
Calcar in 1506-8. By St. George's altar is a predella, with seven saints by
60 Route 5. GLADBAOH.
HdmHeh Ditnwegge^ and over St. Anne's altar is a Death of the Virgin by
a Westphalian master of about 1460. The Rathhau* (1436-45) and several
brick houses with gables also deserve notice. — Calcar is also connected
by diligence with Goch (7»/2 M.) and Xanten OVa M.).
5. From Aix-la-Chapelle to Diisseldorf vi& Gladbach.
Comp. Map, p. 54.
64 M. Railway in 1V4-3 hrs. (fares 7 UT, 5 UIT 30, 3 UIT 50 pf-i express
8Ur80, 6ur50, 4Ur6U pf.).
This railway has two stations at Aix-la-Chapelle, one at the Mar-
schier-Thor, the other at the Templerbend (comp. p. 3). At (3^2 M.)
Richterich the Maastricht Line diverges to the left. The tall chim-
neys near (5V2 M.) Kohlscheidt belong to coal-mines (branch-line
to Wiirselen, p. 16). About IV2 M. from Kohlscheidt rises the
picturesque ruin of Wiihelmatein (restaurant). The train now de-
scends into the pleasing and partly wooded valley of the Wurm,
At (8 M .) Hersogenrath (Ritzerfeld ; Prinz zu Schaumburg-Lippe) ,
French RolduCj a small town with an old castle. The suppressed
Abbey of Klosterrath (now a school) crowns a height on the left.
The church) lately decorated by M. Gobbels, dates from 1209, and
its crypt from 1108. Branch-lines to Stolberg (p. 14) and to Sittard.
On the left, near (I2Y2M.) Palenberg, rise the chateaux ot Rim-
burg and Zweibruggen^ and at (15^2 M.) Oeilenkirchen (Harst) that of
Trips. The train then traverses the undulating Duchy of Julich or
Juliers, and between r20 M.) Lindem and (241/2 M.) Baal crosses
the valley of the Roer (p. 16). — 27V2 M. Erkelenz (Adler), an old
town with 4600inhab., the picturesque ruins of a castle destroyed in
1674, and a late-Gothic Rathhaus. The church of the 14th cent,
has a new iron spire 270 ft high. Bronze statue of Emp. William I.,
by Kilnne (1898). — 33 M. Wickrath, with a government stud.
35V2 M. Bheydt (Jobges, R. & B. from 3, D. 2 Jf; Schmidt;
tramway to Gladbach and Odenkirchen), with 34,000 inhab., is
the junction of the Gladbach -Roerm on d- Antwerp line (see p. 61)
and of the Left-Rhenish line to Qladbach, Neersen-Neuwerkf and
Neuss (p. 56; 17 M., in 1 hr.).
Abont 6 M. to the E. of Rheydt is situated SehloM Dyck, the chateau
of Prince Salm-Beifferscheid-Dyck (lately restored), with beautiful grounds,
and a garden which boast^ of the most complete collection of cacti in
Europe. (Good inn. opposite the gate of the chateau.) — Schloss Liedberg,
3 M. to the N. of Dyck, commands an extensive prospect.
38M. Gladbach (^Herfs, R.2-4, B. 1, D. with wine 3, S. 2y^J(;
Kothen; Deutsches JELaus, Europdischer Hof, Rheinischer Hof, these
three nearer the station; tramway from the station to Rheydt)
is an important manufacturing town of 69,000 Inhab., and one of
the centres of the Rhenish cotton, woollen, iron, and engine-making
industries. To distinguish it from another place of the same name
(p. 26) it is termed Munchen-Qladbach^ the epithet Munchen (i.e.
'Monchen' or monks) being derived from a Benj^dictine abbey,
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VIERSEN. 6. RouU 61
founded in 972 and suppressed in 1802, to which the town owes
its origin. Admission to any of the numerous factories or dye-works
is nsually granted by the owner on application. The imposing brick
edifice to the right of the Bergisch-Markisch station is a spinning
and weaying factory. Several important insurance societies have
their headquarters here. The early-Gothic choir of the Munster-
KirchCj consecrated in 1275, is supposed to have been built by Meis-
ter Gerard (p. 32); the Romanesque crypt and the basement of
the tower are of the 11th cent., the nave of the beginning of the
13th century. The treasury contains a fine late-Gothic portable
altar and other interesting objects. In the Eaiser-Platz is a statue
of Emp, William I. by Eberlein, and in front of the station is one
of Biamarck by Schaper. — The terrace of the Erholung Club (intro-
dnotion necessary) , situated in a shady park, and the old Abbey
afford good views of the Gladbach manufacturing district, which in-
cludes the towns of Gladbach, Rheydt, Vlersen, Odenkirchen, Diil-
ken, and Siichteln. The continuation of the Bahnhof-Strasse leads
to the Kaiser- Parky in which is the Kaiser-Friedrich-Halle , for
concerts and theatrical entertainments.
Gladbach is the junction of the Crefeld and Hochfeld-Duitbwg line
(see B. 6). Gladbach is also on the Bheydt & Neuss Railway (Left Bhenish
Line: see p. 60), with two stations, (?Iad&acA-Bdl:e/ and Gladbach- Speik.
Fbom Gladbach to Antwerp, 99 M., railway in ihrs., see Baedekev^s
Belgium and Holland.
From Gladbach to Juliers (Jillich)^ Eschtoeiier^ and Stolberg^ see p. 15.
The line now turns towards the E., traverses a flat, arable, and
partly wooded tract, and leads to (41 M.) Corschenbroich^ (43 M.)
Kldnenbroichy and (48V2 M.) KeuBS (p. 66), the junction of the
Aix-la-Chapelle-Diisseldorf, Cologne- Crefeld, and Dtiren-Neuss
lines. The train crosses the Rhine by an iron bridge of four arches,
beyond which , to the left, opens a fine view of Diisseldorf. — 52*72^.
maseldorf-Bilk; 54 M. Diisseldorf, Central Station (p. 20).
6. From Gladbach to Crefeld, Duisburg, and Essen.
Comp. Mapy p. 54.
39 M. Bailway in IVz-S hra. (fares 5 UT, 3 UT 80, 2 uT 50 pf.).
Mur%chen-Qladbaehy see above. — 3 M. Helenabrunn. — 51/2 M.
Vierien {Qansen; Dahlhausen^ both very fair), a town with 24,800
iuhab. and extensiye manufactories of silks, plush, and velvet
ribbons. The late-Gothic parish-church dates from the 13th century.
The Bohenbuschy with a park, commands an extensive view,
A line diverges hence to VeiUo^ the junction of the Dutch railways to
Flushing and Rotterdam^ to the W., and to the 8. to Maastricht. See
Baedeker'* s Belgium and Holland.
Fbom Vibbsbn to Moebs vii Cbbfbld, 25 M., railway with numerous
ramifications. At (l*/4 M.) SUchteln the line forks, one branch runniog via
Oedt., Kempen (p. 57), and HUls (p. 57) to (16 M.) Crefeld (N. Station), while
the main line proceeds via Vorst to (13 M.) Crefeld. — 25 M. Koera (Devitches
Haui, B. & B. 21/2 UT; Kdniglicher Hof), an old town with 6200 inhab., is the
junction for Homberg and for the new line from Rheinhausen to Cleve (p. 58).
62 R(mU 7. ALTKNBERG.
On the latter, 71/2 M. to the K. of Moers, is Bheinberg (Bienen, B. A B. 21/2 »^t
an ancient place with 2500 inhab., well-known for its 'boonekamp' bitters.
The Ciefeld line next crosses the Nord-Canal, begun by Na-
poleon, but never completed, and the river Nier8y and then traverses
some drained marshland. 9 M. Anrath; 14 M. Crefeld fp. 56).
I6V2 M. Oppum^ the junction for Neuss and Dusfeldorf (p. 56).
18V2'M. Uerdingen {Kellner, fair), a commercial town on the Rhine
(6600inhab.), with extensive liqueur and sugar manufactories, is the
junction of the line to Homherg and Buhrort. — 23 M. Rhdnhaustn^
with a harbour and iron-works, is the junction for the new railway
via Trompet, Moers, Rheinberg, Calcar, etc., to Cleve (p. 58).
The railway crosses the RMnt by a bridge 1040 yds. long. —
25 M. Hochfeld, — 271/2 M. Dniiburg (p. 19). — 31 M. Styrum,
the junction for (2 M.) Oberhauaen (p. 19) and (51/2 M.) Ruhr-
ort (p. 19).
32V2 M. Molheim an der Enlir (Hdtel Im Zulast, Retze, R. 21/4-
3 Jf), a prettily situated town with 38,300 inhab., surrounded with
coal-pits and iron- works. — 38 M. Altendorf. As Essen Is approach-
ed we gain a view to the left of Krupp's Cast Steel Works, with their
huge chimneys, a vast establishment of world-wide celebrity (about
25,000 workmen).
39 M. Essen (Essen erHof, Rheinisoher Hof, Berliner Hof, etc.),
see Baedeker's Northern Germany,
7. From Cologne to Elberfeld and Hagen.
Comp. Map, p. 54.
43Vi M. Railway, express in IV2, ordinary trains in 2V4 hrs. ; fares
5 ur, 3 ur 60, or 4 ur 50, surao, 2ur2o pf.
Cologne, see p. 26. The quick trains start from the central
station ; slow trains also from the Right-Rhenish station at Kalk-
Deutz, on the right bank of the Rhine (see p. 26).
3 M. Mulheim am Rhein, see p. 25 ; 8 M. SchUbusch. — IOV2 M.
Opladen (Janseu; Tillmanns). a town of 4200 inhab., on the Wupper.
From Opladen to Lennkf, IT"/* M., railway in 11/2 hr. (fares 2 Jt 30,
i UT 70, 1 .^ 20 pf.). — 6 M. Burscheid (Post) is about 2 M. from Altenberg
(Keller), a small town charmingly situated in the finest part of the wooded
and romantic valley of the Dhiin. [To reach it we take the first turn to the
left on leaving the station, cross the road, pass down a lane leading past
the E. end of a church to another road, follow this road to the left till we
reach the highroad, follow this to the right to a point about 100yds. beyond
the Engelrath Inn, and then keep to the left down the valley till the
church comes into sight.] The *'Abbey Chvreh of Altenberg, known as the
Berffischer Dom, was built in 1255-79 for a Cistercian abbey founded by the
brothers Adolf and Eberhard, Counts of Berg, in 1133. It is a lai^e cruci-
form edifice, resembling Cologne Cathedral, without towers, with a double-
aisled choir, and a chevet of pentagonal chapels. The choir and nave con-
tain a series of fine stained-glass windows (grisaille) of the ld-14th cent. ;
the large W. window shows saints under golden canopies (ca. 1880-88). In
the choir are the tombs of the Counts of Berg, the finest being those of
Gerhard I. (d. 1360) and Adolf VI. (d. 1348). In the K. transept is the
fine brass of Count Eberhard (d. 1466). The buttresses above the nave-
aisles are of a peculiar shape and are not pierced, thongh serving the
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ELBERFELD. 7. Route. 63
purpose pf flying buttresses. — To the W. is the ^Chapel of St.i Mark, a
gem of the transition style (1225), with paintings of the Itith century. —
From Altenberg to Bergisch-Oladbach, see p. 25.
12Vs M. Wertneiskirchen (Bergiseher Hof) is the junction of a branch-
line to Burg {Paffrath^ in Unterburg), prettily situated in the valley of
the Wupper and commanded by the *Sehic*s Burg (adm. 20 pf. : Schloss
Restaurant), long the seat of the Counts of Berg. This interesting Duilding,
founded about 1140 and enlarged in the 15-16th cent., was carefully rebuilt
on the old lines in 1889-94. The two-storied 'Palas' dates from 1220 (restored).
The *Bitter-Saal% in the upper story, has been adorned with frescoes of
scenes from local history. The adjoining structure, with the chapel, was
rebuilt in 1892. The fortifications and towers are well preserved. The
keep, destroyed about 1648, has been also rebuilt. In the S. wing is the Local
Museum^ including portraits, views, antiquities, and sculptures. Fine view
from the *Bitter-Saal^ and the K. terrace. From Burg to the £mp. William
Bridge, see below. — I71/2 M. Zennep (Berliner Hof), a cloth-making town of
9700 inhab., is connected by branch-lines with Barmen, Bemscheid, etc.
13 M. Leichlingen. — I6I/2 M. Ohliga, the junction of the line
from Diisseldorf to Solingen, Remscheld, and Vohwinkel.
Solingen (Eggert; Deutsehes Hatu\ V. 8. Consul, J. J. Longer )y with
45,000 inhab., is one of the most important seats of the manufacture of
cutlery in the world. Solingen blades were famous in the middle ages.
Beyond Schaberg^ the next station, the train crosses the valley of the
Wupper by the imposing ^Kaiser Wilhelm Briicke (Emp. William Viaduct) ^
the central arch of which is 560 ft. in span and 350 ft. above the river.
Its total length is 1657 ft. The best view of it is obtained from the path
descending into the valley from Schaberg station. Below is a caf^^-restaorant,
and on the heights of the opposite bank is the Schloss Kiippelstein Re-
staurant. About 1 M. downstream is MUngtten^ while a pleasant forest-path
ascends to (1 hr.) Burg (see above*, ferry 1 M. before reaching Burg).
I8V2 M. Haan. — 21 M. Oruiten, the junction of the Dussel-
dorf-Elberfeld line (p. 66) ; 231/2 M. Vohwinkel, the junction of the
line to (20 M.) Steele, an Impoitant coal-railway. Beyond (261/2 M.)
Sonribom the train ciosses the Wupper, and calls at Zoologischer
Garten and Steinbeck, two suburban stations of Elberfeld.
"iSM, Elherfeld'Doppersberg, the chief station for Elberfeld ;
283/4 M. Unter-Barmen ; 30 M. Barmen ; 31 M. Barmen-RitterBhausen,
Hotels in Elberfeld (restaurants at mo.^t). * Wbidbnhop (F1. a ; F, 4),
with lift, E. from 3, B. i, D ^ Jt; Post, R. A B. from 2V«> D. incl. wine
3 Jf; Mainzeb Hof, B. & B. 2V2, D. ^^hJf; Kaisekhof, B. & B. from 2V4,
D. 2 Jt; KoBBACH; Edropaisohbb Hofj Union ^ Monopol (PI. c, C, 3);
Klkin (PI. b ; F, 4), Kirch-Str. — Hotels in Barmen. *Vogeleb (PI. a-, E, 4),
B. 2V1-4, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 7-8 Ulf; Schutzenhaos (PI. b; E, 4); Deutsches
Haus (PI. d; E, 4)^ Evakoelisobbs Vebeinshads (PI. 27^ ^•,^)i near the
station, B. 1-2 Jf ; Bhbinischeb Hof, in the town.
Bevtavrants at Elberfeld: At the hotels; also, Rathtkeller ; Willemsen,
Konigs-Str., with a garden; SofbrSu; AUdeuUche Bierhalle; Himmelmtmn,
Schwanen-Str. 26 (wine). — At Barmen : Theatre Restcmrant, next door to
the Hfitel Vogeler; Bheinischer Hof; Zur GenUgsamkeit ; Stadthalle; Lu/t-
curTuHu (p. 64).
Gabs. For 1-2 pers. 50 pf. per drive; »/« !»'• U 1 br. IVa, each addit.
Vahr. */i Jf; luggage 25-60 pf.; double fares at night and for first-class
cabs. — Electric Tramways^ see Plan. An Elevated Tramway (electric) be-
tween Elberfeld, Barmen, and (4V2 M.) Vohwinkel.
Oonsul of the United States, at Barmen, Herr Max BoucTuein; Vice
Consul, Herr J. A. BittersJiaue.
English Church Service in the I^utheran Church, ^ j
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64 BouU 7. BARMEN.
The sister-towns of Elhtrftld and Barmtn^ together with the
just-mentioned and other snbnrban villages, now together form a
single large manufacturing town, which fills the bottom and extends
up the sides of the valley, and is intersected by the railway, tlie
highroad with a tramway-line, and the Wupper. They have risen
to great importance since the middle of last century, now contain
299,000 inhab. (Elberfeld, 157,000; Barmen, 142,000), and rank
among the richest industrial towns on the continent. The chief
products of their very numerous and extensive factories are cotton,
calico, silk, ribbons, Turkey-red dyed goods, soap, candles, and
chemicals. Since the introduction of power-looms the value of the
cotton and silk manufactures has risen to upwards of 7V2 million
pounds annually. The old parts of the towns are irregular and con-
fined, but the modern portions contain many fine private buildings.
Elberfeld contains many benevolent institutions, and is famous for
its admirable system of poor-relief.
The finest part of Elberfeld is the quarter to the S.W., round
the Konigs-Str. (PI. A-F, 3, 4), the Briller-Str. (PI. E, 3, 2), and
the Sadowa-Str. (PI. D, 3). The principal public edifices are the
new Rathhaus^ in the Neumarkt (PI. F, 3) ; the Reformierte Kirche
(PI. 7-, E, 3), designed by Zwirner; and the Landgerichts-Gebaude
(PI. 17} H, 4), or courts of law, with a picture of the Last Judg-
ment by Baur in the principal hall. The old Rathhaus (PI. 18;
F, 3, 4) countains the interesting Jlfumcipa^JIfu^ei^m. In the Konigs-
Platz (PI. F, 3) is a War Monument (PI. 4) by Albermann. In the
Brausenwerther-Platz, the Neumarkt, and the Sohlossbleiche are
statues of Emp. William /. (PI. 3; F, 4), Emp. Frederick (PI. 2,
F 3; both by Eberlein), and Bismarck (PI. 1, F 4; by Brunow).
The Eardt (PI. of Barmen, A, B, 3, 4) , to the E., where there are a
monument to St. Saitbertus and another war-monnment , commands a
pleasinp: view. A finer view is obtained from the KdniffsTidhe on the Eiet-
herg^ 2 M. to the S.W. of the town (restaurant and view-lower ; PI. B, C, 6).
On the slope of the Eiesberg lies the Zoological Garden (PL A, 4, 5;
railway* station, see p- 63). — To the W. are the promenades of the Kaiser-
hdhe on the NUtzenbtrg (PI. C, D, 3 ; restaurant), with the reservoir of the
town water-works.
In Barmen the chief buildings are the Protestant Church (Pi. 16;
0, 4), designed by Hfibsch; the Misaionshaus (PI. 0, 3), containing
an interesting collection of curiosities from foreign countries (adm.
50 pf.); and the Ruhmeshalle (PL 25 ; F, 4), or Hall of Fame, which
contains statues of Emp. William I., Emp. Frederick, and Emp.
William II., as well as various collections. In front of the old Rath-
haus is a bronze Statue of Bismarck, The Civic Museum (PI. 19 ;
E ,4) contains a collection of natural history.
On the S. side are the new Town Hall (Pi. E, 5), the War Afon-
ument (PI. 4), and a bronze Statue ofE, Rittershaus, the poet (d. 1897),
surrounded by pleasant grounds. Farther to the S. is the Barmer
Wald, with the Tblle Thurm (PI. D, 6), a belvedere (electric tram-
way in 1/4 hr., 25 pf.J. Adjacent is the Luftcurhaus^ a health-resort
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SIEGBURG. 8. RouU, 65
(pens, with room A^/^r^ JK). We may return to the E. through the
%hiidY Murmelhack-Thal (1 hr.), orproeeed to the W., orer the KaUer
Friedrich Hohe (PL A, 6) to (1 hr.) Elberfeld.
Fkom Elbbbtbld to D688Bldo]if, 17 M., in 1 hr. Stations : Vokwinkelf
QrutUm (p. 63), Haan^ Hochdahl^ Erkrath^ Gerresheimy JHlsseldor/ (p. 20).
Branch-lines also run from Blberfeld and Barmen to Cronenberff^ Ront-
6oTfy Lennep (p. 63) , Remscheidy and many other manufacturing places of
more or less importance.
The line skirts the E. side of the valley of the Wnpper. It then
crosses the Wnpper, qnits the Dnehy of Berg, and enters the County
of Mark. The river anciently formed the boundary between the
Franks and Saxons, and now separates the Rhineland from West-
phalia. — 34 M. Sohwelm (Prin%vonPreu88en), a town with 16,890
inhabitants. Farther on, the train passes the /9eAtrf2mer Bruimen, a
chalybeate spring, and through several cuttings. — 37 M. Milspt.
Pleasing view up the valley of the Ennepe^ whioh the train crosses
by embankments and a viaduct, 100 ft. high. — 38^2 ^- Gevela-
berg, a town consisting of a long row of detached houses. The stream
turns the machinery of numerous small iron-works, where scythes,
sickles, and shovels are manufactured. At (41 Y2 M.) Haspt are
extensive puddling-works and rolling-miUs.
431/2 M* Hayen (H6tel LunenBcUoiB^ at the station; Eomer;
Glitzy^ a manufacturing town with 50,6()0 inhab., is the junction
for Bochum, Dortmund, Oassel, and Siegen ; see Baedeker's Northern
Oermany,
8. From Cologne to Frankfort ▼!& Giessen.
Comp. Map^ p. 5i.
143 M. Bailwat from Cologne to Oieaen. iOS^/j M., in 4-5 hrs. (fares
13 ur 40, 10 ur lO, 6 ur to pf.); from Oiessen to Fremk/ort, 89 Vs M., in
1 1/4-3 hrs. (fares 4 UT 40, 3 Jf 30, 2 UT 20 pf . ; express, 5 UT, 3 UT 60 pf.).
The train starts at Cologne j passes through Deut* (p. 55)
without stopping, and traverses a flat country at some distance from
the Rhine. 2 M. Kalk (20,500 inhab.), a thriving industrial suburb
of Gologne and Deutz, is the junction for Deutz (slow trains only,
in 8 min.). 7 M. Urbach, To the E. of (8V2 M.) Wahn is the
Wahner Heide, with an artillery-range. Beyond (13 M.) Troisdorf,
where the Right-Rhenish line diverges (p. 81), the line crosses the
Agger, on the bank of which, to the right, is the Friedrich- WiUulms-
Hutte^ a large iron-foundry.
15^2 ^* Siegburg {Felder, opposite the station ; Siem^ f ^l^)? ^^
industrial town with 14,200 inhab., lies pleasantly on the slope of
a hill at the confluence of the Agger and the 8Ug. Above it, on the
MichaeUberg, rise the buildings of an old Benedictine Abbey,
founded by Abp. Anno in 1066 and now a reformatory. Of the
abbey-church the crypt alone remains. The Parish Church, dating
from ih« second half of the 13th cent., contains seven richly adorned
reUqnaries of the 12-15th cent., including that of St. Anno fd. 1 075),
Babdbkers Rhine. 15th Edit. 5iOOgle
66 RouU 8. DILLENBURG. From Cologne
ArcliMsliop of Cologne, the stem guardian of Emp. Henry IV. —
Branch-Une to C24V2 M.) Dieringhauaen and (66 M.) Hagen (p. 651.
Beyond Siegbnrg (view of tlie Seveu Mountains to the right),
the train crosses the Sieg^ and ascends the Talley of the river, over
38 hridges and through 13 tunnels, to Betzdorf and Siegen. •— 20 M.
J5r<!nne/'(WaIter8cheid) is the junction of the Broelthal Railway from
Beuel (p. 90) to Waldbroel and to Buchholz. The castle of Allner,
adjoining the wood to the left, stands at the confluence of the Broel
and the Sieg. Farther on, to the left, are the monastery of Bodingen,
surrounded by vineyards, and the chateau of AttenbacK
22^2 ^* Blankenberg (Honrath , with a terrace commanding a
beautiful view), formerly an important fortified town, with a con-
spicuous ruined castle, is a popular summer-resort. Tunnel.
Beyond (27i/2 M.) Eitorf (iVins Carl, fair) a retrospect is obtained
of the monastery of Merten on the hill to the right. The wooded
hills enclosing the valley now increase in height. Two tunnels
are passed through. Near Windeek, with the castle of that name on
the hill to the left, the railway and highroad pass through a deep
cutting. — 31 M. Herchen (Glasmacher). — 36i/2 M. Schladem
(Klever, B. & B. 2yiJf; diligence twice dally to Waldbrdl). A new
channel has here been constructed for the Sieg, while the old one
has been left dry for a distance of 2 M. — Tunnel.
41 M. Au, the junction for Limburg (p. 219); 441/2 M. Wistm,
junction for Morsbach. A little farther on, on the opposite bank
of the Sieg, rises the old chateau of Schonstein, the property of
Prince Hatzfeld. — 47 M. Niederhovels. — 52 M. Setidorf (Breiden-
backer Ho f; Oabreeht) is the junction for 8iegen and Hagen (see p. 65,
and Baedekers Northern Oermany),
The line to Giessen ascends the valley of the Heller to (57 M.)
Herdorfy (59 M.) NeurUcirchen, and (63 M.) Burbaeh, crosses the
watershed between the Heller and the Dill near Wurgersdorf, and
threads its way through the Hiekengrund, 6972 ^* Nieder-Dresaeln^
dorf; 74 M. Haiger, The line next enters the DillthaL
77 M. Dillenburg(765ft.; Hinch; Schwan; Curhaus, R.l'^-^
D. 13/4, pens. 4^/2 - ^A •i^jj * picturesque town of 4500 inhab., with
iron mines, a mining school, and a statue of Bismarck (1898). The
WilhelmS'2hurmj 130 ft. high, was erected in 1872-75 on the site of
the ruined castle of Dillenbuig, in which William of Orange, the
liberator of the Netherlands, was bom in 1533 (adm.30pf.). Ad-
jacent is the WilhelmS'Linde , a lime-tree under which William
received the Netherlandish ambassadors in 1 568.
A Branch Bailwat ascends the DietzMlw-Thdl to (lOM.) Btra$»-Eh«rshcKh,
whence the Wilhelms-Warte ua the Btumiberg cVs ^O m^y be visited.
81 V2 M. Herbom (670 ft.; Ritter), an industrial place with
3500 inhab., on the Dill. The old castle is now a seminary. Branch-
line to Hartenrod and Nieder- WeUgem, — 86 M. Sinn, On a hill to
the right is the ruin of Oreifenstein. Beyond (891/2 M.) Ekrings^
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to Frankfort. NAUHEIM. 8. RouU, 67
hauaen the line enters the yalley of the Lahny and unites with the
NassoYian Railway (from Lahnstein to Wetzlar; K 27 J.
9572 M. Wetilar, see p. 220. — The line now ascends the
smiling yalley of the Lahn. Beyond (100 M.) Dutenhofen the ruins
of Qleiherg and Vetzberg are seen on the left.
103^2 M. QienwR (*OT088herzog von Hessen^ *Kuhne, Victoria,
Schui%, near the station; Eirihom; Bappe; Prins Cwl; Rail,
Restaurant), situated on the Lahn, is mainly of modem origin, and
contains 26,000 inhabitants. It is the seat of a uniyerslty, founded
in 1607, which is attended by about 760 students. f
IO8V2 M. Langgons. About 3 M. to the left of (144 M.) Butz-
bach rise the eonsiderable ruins of the castle of MUnzenberg, de-
stroyed in the Thirty Years' War. The higher (154 ft.) of its two
towers commands an extensive view.
120 M. Kaulieim. — Hotels. *KAi8SBHOF,B.from4,B.li/2,D.3V«ur;
*Bsi8TOL{ *Ai}ou8TA VioTORiA, B. 2V«-6> B. 1, pens. S-iiJf\ Or. HdvEL
Imt&biaJs, pens, frum 7Va Jf^ *Pa]ik Hotel; Gdbsaal, pena. 6V2-15 Ji;
BsLLBTUs; HdTBL Dx l'Ecrope, pena. 8-14 UI(; HQt, do Kobo, pens.
9-10 Jft H6t. db Londbes, pens, from 7 Jf; Bbichshof, pens. 5-9 Jf. —
PsMsioNs : Splendid (6-V2 Jf) , Langadorf, Victoria, etc. — It is advisable
not to arrive late in the evening, as the hotels are often fall during
the season.
Bestaurantfl. At the hotels; OambriMu; Burk; Oermania.
Visitors* Tax for a stay of more than 6 davs, 1 pers. 12 Jt, 2 pers.
18 Jf, each additional member of a family 3 Jf.
Gabs. Per drive, one-horse, 1-2 pers. 60 pf., 34 pers. 80 pf.; two-horse
80 pf. or 1 Jf. Per hour: 2 UT 60, 8 UT 40, 5 Jf 40 pf., or 6 Jf,
Nauhdm {AI60 ft,) , a small town of 4700 inhab., pleasantly
situated on the N.E. slope of the Taunus Mts. (p. 240), with regular
streets, shady avenues, and pleasure-grounds, is a favourite water-
ing-place, visited by 22,000 guests annually. The warm saline
springs, which are strongly impregnated with carbonic acid gas,
have been known for centuries, but did not begin to attract visitors
until about 1840. They are particularly efficacious against heart-
disease and rheumatism. Extensive evaporating-houses and salt-
pans. The waters of the Friedriek-WilheLmS'Sprudel r95** Fahr.),
the Orosse 8prudel(^0^), and the Kleirhc Sprudel (M^) are used
for the baths, which are admirably fitted up. The Curbrunnen,
CarlsquelU (somewhat resembling the Rakoczy of Kissingen), and
LudwigsquclU (alkaline) are drinking-springs. Adjoining the
TrihkhalU, at the E. end of the town, are several greenhouses. At
the foot of the Johanniaberg, about 1/2 M. from the station, is the
handsome Curhaus, with elegant rooms and a fine terrace over-
looking the extensive grounds.
The train skirts the Gradirhauser(*evaporating-hou8e8'), crosses
a lofty viaduct, and reaches —
122 M. Friedberg {H6tcl Trapp; Restaurant Felserikeller, with
view), with 6900 inhab., once a free imperial town. The Pro-
testant Licbfrauen-Kirche is an interesting Gothic structure, built
5» ^
68 Route 9. SCHWARZ-RHEINDORF.
in 1290-1350, with towers dating from the 15th centary. See
Baedeker's Northern Oermarvy,
125 M. Buchenbrucken; 127 M. Nieder-WolUtadt. To the right
rise the Tannus Mts. 130 M. Gross^Karben ; 132 M. DorUlweil;
134^2 M. Vilbel, near which the iV{<2<2a is crossed; 137 M,Bonames,
station forHombnrg (p. 241); 141 M. Boekeriheim, with a handsome
church, large barracks, and an ancient watch-tower.
143 M. Frankfort, see p. 221.
^y^/ 9. 71^6 It^^K^n? ^rnm Cnlnpne to Coblenz.
Stkamboat (60 M.) in 7-8 hrs. (down 41^-6 hra.) ; fares 4 JT 70, 3 JT 80 pf.
Piers at Marienborg, Wesseling, Bonn, Godesb rg, Konigswinter, Bolsnd£-
eck, Remagen, Lins, Andemach, and li^euwied^ Small Boat Station* at Ober-
cassel, Unkel, Nieder-Breisig, Brohl, etc. — Cabs, etc., at Cologne, see
p. 28. — Railway (57 M.), see R. 10.
In the following routes r. and {. indicate the position of towns, and
other objects, with regard to the traveller ascending the river. The Left
Rhenish and Right Rhenish railways, however, are named after the left
(W.) and right (B.) banks respectively with regard to the traveller de-
scending the river.
Soon after the steamer has quitted the majestio city of Cologne,
with its cathedral, numerous towers, and lofty bridge, the ch&teau
oiBensberg (p. 26), on an eminence 9 M. to the N.E., comes in
sight. To the right is Mwimburg-Bayenihal (pier; H6tel-Re8taurant
Marienburg, -with extensiye grounds), a residential suburb of Co-
logne (p. 28). Several small -boat stations now follow: ]. Porz^
r. 8w1h; r. Weeseling^ with a pier, the station for Briihl (p. 80); 1.
UkUdorf; r. Widdig;.\, Mondorf, The express steamers pass all
these without stopping. Opposite the island of Graujtenwerth^ at
the mouth of the Sfeg , on the left, lies Qrau^Rheindorf, On the
hillside , farther inland , rises the suppressed Benedictine abbey of
Siegburg (p. 65).
On the left we soon perceive the church of Behwan-Bheindorf,
a curious structure, consisting of two stories, consecrated in 1151
by Archbishop Arnold of Wied, who is buried here (d. 1156). It is
about IV2 M. to the N. of Beitel (p. 90).
The church was erected in the form of a Oreek cross, with a dome
over the crossing and a semicircular E. apse, but a long nave was very
soon added on the W. Beneath the dome is an octagonal aperture between
the stories, 10 ft. in diameter, so that the inmates of a nunnery, with Which
*he church was in immediate connection, could in the upper story hear
the service without being visible to the congregation in Uie lower story.
Interesting mural paintings of the 12th cent, were discovered in the lower
church during a restoration (comp. p. xxix). The exterior is also worthy
of inspection, especially the remarkably elegant miniature gallery which
runs round the upper part of the church on the £. side. Among other
peculiarities, it shows traces of Lombard influence. It has been frequently
imitated in Rhenish churches. The church is being restored.
To the right we next observe the Jemitenhof, and then the
Wiehelshof (p. 85). Before calling at Bonn, the steamboat passes
under the handsome new Rhine bridge. ,
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MEHLEM. 9. Route. 69
I. Bonny see p. 84. The lofty tower of the Miinster, the hand-
some residences on the Rhine above the town, the long buildings of
the University peeping from among the trees, and the grounds of
the *Alte Zoll* give the town a very attractive appearance when
viewed firom the steamboat.
After Bonn is quitted we enter the most picturesque and famous
portion of the river. Ramersdorf, to the left, with woods in the
background, was formerly a lodge of the Teutonic Order, the chapel
of which was removed to the cemetery at Bonn (p. 90).
1. Ohercassel, and railway-ferry to Bonn, see p. 81.
r. PUttendorf fSchaumburger Hof, R. 2-3, D. 21/2 UT; JSf^e.
Mundorf, R. & B. 2-3, D. 2-2V2, pens. 4V2-5V2 uTj, 1 M. to the
N.B. of Godeabayg, ^
1. Niedet^DoUendoffy see p. 81.
r. GNKlesberg, ^j^ M. to the E. of the town, on a hill above which
rises the massive tower of the ruined castle of Oodesberg (p. 80).
r. Biingsdorf (*Rhein Hdtel^ Pension Fritz Dreeaen^ with garden,
R.3-10, B. 1, D.2Va-3, pens. 6-16 u8f; Qodesherger Hof , R.2V2-
31/21 B. 1, D. 3, pens. 5V2-7V2 ^^ ^ery fair).
1. Kdnigswinter (160 ft. ; p. 91), above which rises the ^Dtachen-
feUy with its ruin (908 ft. above the Rhine) and the ch&teau of
Drachenburg (p. 93). Ascent of the Drachenfels, and excursion into
the Seven Mountains, see pp. 92 et seq.
r. Mehlem (Park Hotel, between the rail. stat. and the ferry,
R. 2-3V2» B. 3/4, D. 3, pens, from 6 u8f ; Hotel Drachenfels, R. iV2-2,
B. 3/4, pens, from 41/2 ^; ^»'^ FrUde, R. & B. 2V2-3, pens, from
4^2 •^i on the Rhine), with a modern Romanesque church and
numerous villas , is the Lefc-Rhenish railway-station (p. 79) for
K5nigswinter, with which it is connected by a ferry (5 pf.)- The
station and ferry are about ^4 M* apart.
To the left lies Rhdndorf(^. 82), and farther back, at first con-
cealed by the islands (see below), are Rommersdorf and the scattered
village of HonnefCp- 82), above which is the large sanatorium of
Hohen-Honnefi^, 82).
The steamer next passes the islands of (r.) Coayai^werth and
(l.) Qraftnwtrth (garden-restaurant; 10 minutes from the railway
station of Honnef ; ferry 5 pf.;. On the former, peeping from the
midst of trees, stands an extensive nunnery of very ancient origin,
mentioned in a document of the 12th cent., and suppressed in 1802.
The present buildings, which contain a girls' school, were erected
at the end of the 18th cent., and a new wing was added in 1869.
r. Bolandseck. — Hotels. Bolandseck, on the Rhine, with gardeu,
B. 2-4, B. i, D. 3, pens. 5-7 M; *Bellkvub, near the pier and the rail,
station, B. S'/i-S, B. 1, D. 8, pens. B-9 M; Dbckbb, B. 2-4, B. 1, D. 2V2,
pens. 6-7 Jl; Viotoua, B. 2-3»/t, B. »/4, D. 8, pens. 5-7 Jt^ very fair; Kolner
HoF B. 2-3, P.. 1, D. 21/2-4, pens. 4V2-7 M, on the Bhino, with garden. —
Railway Restaurant^ with fixed charges ; magnificent ' '-View froui the terrace ;
concert ou 8uu., 30 pf. (^ }
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70 BouU 9. ROLANDSEOK. From Coloyrie
Boat to Nonnenwerth and back IVs Jf\ Rhoifidorf 2, there and back
A Jt \ Konigswinter 2Va & 6V« Jf- Ferry to Honnef 5 pf.
Rolandaeck (rail, stat., see p. 79), which lies at the foot of the
first considerable heights on the W. bank of the Rhine, is one of the
most beautiful and frequented spots on the river, and is surrounded
with numerous villas, chiefly belonging to wealthy merchants from
the Lower Rhine, and extending along the wooded slopes at the back
of the village. Leaving the station by the public grounds, we follow
the road along the river as far as the H6tel Roland and then as-
cend the narrow path, leaving the hotel to the left, cross the rail-
way, and, passing a shell- grotto ('Rolandsbom') and following
the shadeless bridle-path past a pavilion on the hill, arrive in
15-20 min. at the Rolandsbogen, or "IBoland Arch (500 ft. above
the sea; rfmts.), the last relic of the (Jaatle of koiandseck, perched
on a basaltic rock, 344 ft. above the Rhine. The *View hence, which
is best by evening-light, is less extensive than that from the
Drachenfels, but more picturesque, as it embraces the Seven Mts.
The castle ia said to have been built by the knight Roland, the paladin
of Charlemagne, who fell at the battle of Boncesvalles. The earliest histori-
cal mention of it is in a document of 1040 or 1045, where it is called
Rulcheseek; the convent on the island was named Ruleheswerth. In 1120
Archbishop Frederick partly restored the ruin for the purpose of defend-
ing his dominions against Henry IV. The fortress stood till the close of
the 16th cent., when it fell entirely to decay. The romantic legend con-
nected with the castle and convent may be thus briefly told: —
The brave knight Roland, scouring the Rhine in search of adventure,
found himself the guest of Count Heribert, lord of the Seven Mountains,
at his castle of Prachenburg. According to custom the daughter of the
host, the peerless Hildegunde, welcomed him with the offering of bread.,
wine, and fish. ■ Her beauty riveted the gaze of the young knight, and
Hildegunde and Roland were soon affianced lovers. But their happiness
was brief: Roland was summoned by Charlemagne to the crusade. Time
sped on., and anxiously did Hildegunde await his return. But sad rumours
came. The brave Roland was said to have fallen by the hands of the In-
fidels, and the inconsolable Hildegunde took rettige in the ^Kloster** in the
adjacent island of Konnenwerth. The rumours, however, of the death of
her betrothed were unfounded. Although desperately wounded, he recov-
ered, and hastened to the halls of Drachenburg to claim his bride ^ but
instead of being welcomed back by her fondly-remembered smile, he found
that she was for ever lost to him. In despair he built the castle, of which
one crumbling arch alone remains, and there lived in solitude, catching
an occasional glimpse of a fair form passing to and fro to her devotions
in the little chapel of the Kloster. At len^h he missed her, and soon
the tolling of the bell and a mournful procession conveyed to him the
heart-rending intelligence that his beloved Hildegunde was no more. From
that moment Roland never spoke again; for a short time he dragged on
his wretched existence, but his heart was broken, and one morning he was
found rigid and lifeless, his glassy eye still turned towards the convent
chapel.
The modern Tower on the top of the hill, 1/2 M. to the W. of the
ruin, affords a wider prospect (on Sun. the custodian is generally at
the tower J 25-50 pf.). — About 5 min. farther on, on the summit
of the Roderberg^ is the Re$taurant Alter Vulcan^ affording a fine
view of the Seven Mts. The Roderberg is an extinct volcano, the
margin of which may still be descried. In the hollow, to the W. of
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to CoUcwk. RKMAGEN. 9. RouU, 71
the lestaurant, lies the BrucMo/" (hence to the Mehlem railway-
station, p. 79, 40 mln.).
r. Ohtr\DinUr (Bhein - Hdtel ; Post; lioosen). The retrospect
hence is one of the finest on the Rhine. Rolandseck, and the Drachen-
fels with its castle, the cliffs of the Wolkenhurg, and the whole of
the peaks of the Seven Mts., upwards of thirty in number, form a
picture of incomparable beauty, while the lovely island of Nonnen-
werth and the grand river itself constitute the foreground. On the
right bank is the flattened summit of the Lowenburg, with its ruin.
The isolated cone to the extreme right is the Hemmerich.
1. Bheinbreitbach (^Clouih^ with garden; Bheinbreithaehtr Hof
pens. 3^2-4 Ufif), a favourite summer-resort, lies at the entrance to
a wide valley, which extends from the Rhine to the Seven Mountains
(comp. pp. 82, 83). Fine view from the (•/4 M.) Heilig, a hill sur-
mounted with a cross. The ancient copper and lead mines on the
Vimeberg are no longer worked. A cable line, nearly 4 M. in length,
connects the basalt quarries on the Asberg with the Rhine.
1. Unkel (*8ehul%, R. 2-2 V2, B. 1, D. from 1 1/2, pens. 31/2-6 u8f,
good wine, with garden and view-terrace) is a prosperous village, a
favourite resort in summer and autumn (rail, stat., see p. 83). On
the hill is a pavilion, affording a beautiful view.
Between Unkel and Remagen the Rhine describes a wide curve.
Of the numerous country-houses situated on both banks of the river,
the most conspicuous is the ch&teau of MatienfeU^ 1/2 M. below the
ApoUinaris-Kirche .
r. Bemagen. — Hotel*. ^Hotkl FChbtsnberq, on the Rhine, with
gardens, first-class, closed in winter, B. 2Vs-6, B. IV4, D. 3Vt, pens. 8-12 Jl.
~ RHEiM-HdTKL, on the Rhine, next door to the Fiirstenberg Hotel, R.
2-4, B. 1, D. 21/9, pens. 5-8 M; Ankkb, also on the Rhine, R. <fe B. 2V<.
pens. 5 M s H0SK8BN, at the upper end of the town, B. & B. 2Vs-8, D. from
iVs, pens. 5-6 M^ well spoken of; Hof von Holland, also in the principal
street, B. 2-2V2> B. »/4, D. from iVa, pens. 4Vt jH; Dbdtschkb Kaiser,
R. d^ B. 2V4-3 UVf Westfalischbb Hof, at -the railway-station. — Hotel
ViCTORiABERG (R. & B. 2-4. pent. 4-5Vs UO ^n^ HdTBL Apollinabisbbbo
(R. & B. 2-2V4, pens. 4 U>), hoth at the lower end of the town, well spoken
of. — HdxEL Waldbubg, on the Victoria-Berg (see p. 72), R. & B. 2-2V«,
pens. 4Va Jl.
Carriages. To the ApollinaHs-Kirche^ one-horse 1 UV 25, two-horse
i Ur 50pf. ; to Rolandseck 4 or 6 UT, there and back 1 M or \0 M 50 pf.; tr
Altenahr 10 UV or 13 UV 50 pf.. there and back 12 or 16 Jf\ Laacher See
and back 14 UV 50 pf. or 18 J(, vi& Andernach 18 or 22 Jf.
Remagen (rail, stat., p. 79), a small town with 3500 inhab.,
situated 13 M. above Bonn and 24 M. below Goblenz, is an ex-
cellent starting-point for excursions. It is mentioned as Rigomagus
in the Peutinger map of Roman roads (p. xxiv). Remagen was a
place of some importance in the middle ages, but declined after the
Thirty Years' War. It once belonged, like Sinzig, to the duchy of
JMich ; in 1 624 it came into the possession of Pfalz-Neuburg.
At the lower end of the town is the Roman_^atbolicJChurch,
with a Romanesque nave and a Gothic choir, consecrated in 1246.
72 Route 9. REMAGEN. From Cologne
In the interior are a handsome Gothic tabernacle and seyeral sculp-
tures of the 15th century. The Romanesque Portal adjoining the
Roman Catholic parsonage, adorned with grotesque sculptures of the
i2th cent., is worthy of inspection. Whether it originally belonged
to a palace or a church is unknown. — At the upper end of the town
is a new Protestant Churehj in the Gothic style. — The head-office
of the Aj^gUinarit Company LimiUd (p. 98) is situated on the bank
of the Rhine.
A road to the right near the Protestant church crosses the rail-
way and the highroad and ascends through a hollow bordered by
shady footpaths to the (20 min.) top of the Victoria-Berg, with
pleasant promenades, benches, and several points of view (Hdtela
Restaurants Waldbwrg, Eremitage, Hofreiden^ AhrplcUte), command-
ing a charming and varied prospect, best by evening-light. In the
foreground is the Apollinaris-Kirche, by which we may return to
the tovm.
Immediately below Remagen a road, diverging to the left from
the highroad, ascends the steep day-slate hill to the elegant Gothic
four-towered *4S5SH^SS^'*=^^i^^» erected in 1839 by Zwimer, the
late eminent architect of Cologne Cathedral (p. 34), at the expense
of Count Fiirstenberg-Stammheim (d. 1859). This little church
occupies the site of an ancient and much-frequented pilgrimage-
shrine. In 1164 Frederick Barbarossa is said to have presented
the head of the highly-revered St. ApoUinaris, Bishop of Ravenna,
to Archbishop Reinald von Dassel of Cologne, who was in the act
of conveying it to Cologne , together with the relics of the Magi
(p. 37), when by some miraculous agency the vessel stopped in the
middle of the river here, and refused to proceed until the head of
the holy man had been safely deposited in a chapel on the Apolli-
narisberg.
The church is open daily from 7 a.ni. to 8 p.m., on Sun. and holidays
after 10 a.m. (admission, 30 pf.). The interior was adorned in 1843-61 by
the DUsseldorf artiste £rtut Deger (d. 1886), Karl MUiler (d. 1896), Andreas
MUUer (d. 1890), and Fr. Utenbach (d.T879) with ten large *Frescoes of
scenes from the lives of the Saviour, the Virgin, and St. ApoUinaris
(transept). — The Gbtpt contains the holy head, in a sarcophagus of the
14th cent. ^ the recumbent figure of the saint is modem. In the adjoining
chapel is a painted crucifix carved in the 16th cent, (expression of face
differs with the position of the spectator).
Above the church is a ^tue ofSt. FranciSy erected by the Fran-
ciscans residing near the church fwide viewJT— Just before turning
to the right to reach the church we pass a finger-post indicating the
way to the top of the Victoria-Berg (see above ; after 5 min. ascend
to the right), which is reached hence in 20-25 minutes. [From the
Victoria-Berg we may go on by the Landskron (p. 97) to Neuenahr
(p. 98), a walk of 21/2 hrs.]
Railway from Remagen to AdenaUj see p. 97.
Opposite Remagen, near Erpel frail, stat. ; Weinberg, with ve-
randa, R. & B. 2, D. 11/4-1 V2 •^i, rises the Ex»£klML(!o^^ ft.
to Cobient. LINZ. 9. Route, 73
above the sea, 502 ft. above the Rhine), a basaltio cliff, the columnsA
of which are thicker than those of the Minderberg and Dattenberg j
(see below) ; fine view from the top (ascent from the W. aide, in
25 min.). Above Erpel are (L) Kaahach^ at the mouth of th? brook
of that name, and Linzhaustn (Hdtel Weinstock), the latter com-
manded by the ivy-clad ruins of OckenfeU.
1. L^ (rail. stat. ; ^Weinstock, R. & B. from 21/2, !>• 2, pens,
from 41/2 Jfi ^Ewopdischer Hof, similar charges, these two with
gardens on the Rhine; Nassauer Bof^ R. 11/2-2 ufif, D. 1 ufif 70 pf.;
Deutscher Kaiser; Qoldene Traube Restaurant), an ancient town with
3500 inhab. , is still partly surrounded by walls and towers. The
Romanesque Church of St. Martin, dating from the early ^uxt of the
13th cent., with a Gothic spire and other Gothic additions of the
16th cent., contains a little fine stained glass and a winged picture
of the old Cologne school (1463). This picture and the old frescoes
were restored in 1850. The exterior has been disfigured by a coating
of red. — Fine view from the Donatusberg, or Kaiserberg, which is
crowned with a chapel and Stations of the Gross. The environs of
Linz yield good red wine.
The extensive Basalt Quarries of Dattenberg and the Minderberg near
Elnz deserve inspection, especially the latter. The road to the Mindbr-
BBBO (about IVs hr.) ascends the valley to the E., past the Stemerhiltte^
then to the left, where the quarry soon comes into view. It is a spacious
hall of beautiful black prismatic columns of basalt, square or hexagonal
in form, some of them upright, others heaped together in confused masses,
each 3-iO in. in diameter, and sometimes 20 ft. in length. Wlyftn struck
they produce a clear metallic ring. The *View from the height above
this quarry (1^0 ft. above the sea. 1256 ft. above the Rhine) is very fine.
The traveller should return via Ohletiberg and Kasbach to Erpel (IV4-I Va hr.) \
at the mouth of the Kasbach valley there is a tramway lor the transport
of the stone from the hill down to the Rhine.
The columns in the quarry of DATTENBBBa, situated in a side-valley
about li/s M. above Linz, are as high as those of the Minderberg, but
much thicker. These basalts are chiefly exported to the Lower Rhine
and Holland, where they are used in the construction of dykes.
r. Kripp, ^ small village on the Rhine, connected with Linz by
a floating bridge. ^
Between Remagen and Nieder - Breisig the Rhine describes a
curve which the railway and road cut off. The beautiful church of
(r.) I^imig (p. 79, on the railway, IY2 M. from the river) i^s^^ifel^e
from the steamboat. Behind rises the LimMiXQ» (p- 97).
We now pass (r.) the mouth of the Ahr (p. 97). The church
tower of Dattenberg (see above) is next seen peeping from a ravine
on the left. On the same bank lie Leubsdorf with the Saalhof,
a small building with four turrets, anciently a royal ohiiteau, and
Ariendorf.
On the left we next observe the chateau of Affm^Qja, erected by
Henry of Isenburg , and named by him after niswife, a Countess
of Are. It is now the piopaaslixjof Count Westerholt, by whom it was
handsomely restored under the directions of Zwirner (p. 72 ; open
to visitors on Wed.). — The Malbergskopf (i2^0 U. -, lV2hr. from
74 Route 9, RHEINECK. From Cologne
Honningen) Is crowned with a cross commemorating the war of
. 1870-71, and commands an extensive prospect.
1. pongjagen frail, stat. ; H6t Sehloss Arenfels, R. 2, pens. 4 ujf),
at the foot of the Ajenf^lSj a village with 2800 inhabitants. In the
vicinity a strong mineral spring (the St. Hnbertus-Sprudel) was
tapped in 1894.
r. Nieder-Breisig (Bender ; Weisses Ross), with 1900 inhab. and
many pleasant villas. Near the S. end of the village stands part of
the Tempelhofy an old Templars' Lodge. About I8/4 M. higher up,
a path ascends the wooded hUl to the —
r. Ch&tean of Bheineck, erected in 1832 by Herr von Beth-
mann-Hollweg {6.. iBTzy^from the plans of Lasaulx and decorated
with works of art (frescoes by Steinle, etc.). The square tower,
65 ft. in height, on the S. side , is the only relic of the old castle,
erected in the 12th cent., which was destroyed by the French in
1689, and by the troops of the Electorate of Cologne in 1692, and
finally burned in 1785. The knights of the castle became extinct
in 1548. Fine view from the garden.
The Vinx0adi^ at the foot of the hill, was the ancient Abrinca and
formed the boun^ry between t.^ie provincea of Upper ^i^dLcwer Gfinnania.,
a9 it still ffoesbetween the Middle and Lower RhenishUialects. On its
S. bank lies the hamlet of Thai Rheineck.
The hills on the left bank recede from the river. In the fertile
plain at their foot lies Bheinbrohl frail, stat.), a village with 1900 in-
hab. and two modern churches. — About 1 M. to the N.E. is Arien-
heller (Ourhaus Jagerhaus, R. & B. 21/27 pens, from 5 Jf)y with a
mineral spring discovered in 1897.
On the right, the Brohlbach falls into the Rhine at Brohl (Mttfer ,
R. 1V4-1%7 B. 3/4^ D. i% pens. 41/2 Jf; also railway-Ttation), a
village with a new Gothic church, which lies on the hill-slope and
in the valley, and is the chief depot for the tufPstone quarried in the
Brohlthal. — Excursion through the Brohlthal to Laachy see p. 103.
1. Nieder-Hammeraiein (Zwick, well spoken of), yielding good
wine ; ^QvrUber 'Hammer stein ^ above which rises a massive rock of
grauwacke, crowned with the ruin of H^merstei^. Emp. Henry IV.
resided in this" castle for some time in 1105 when persecuted by his
son Henry V., and^ here he kept the imperial insignia till their re-
moval by his usurping successor. During the Thirty Years* War the
castle was successively occupied by Swedes, Spaniards, troops of
Cologne, and soldiers of Lorraine, and it was at length destroyed in
1660 on the instigation of the Archbishop of Cologne.
On the heights, 4 M. to the E. of the Rhine, the course of the Pfahl-
graben^ a Roman intrenchment constructed as a protection against the
attacks of thcbfi^QIOUU^ic tribes, is distinctly traceable, and may be followed
from Monrepos (p. TzJ as far as the Seven Mts. (comp. p. 244).
Above (r.) Fomich rises the ^^"^j^bigi^uvf (1040 ft.), an extinct
volcano commanding a wide prospect (ascent from Brohl in 1 hr.).
r. Namedy, at some distance from the river, nossessesra small
Digitized by VjOOQIC
to CobUnz, ANDEUNACH. 9. Route. 75
Gothic ab1>ey-churoh of the 14th cent., bisected by a row of slender
columns, and an old mansion of the knights of Namedy, now trans-
formed into a chlitean. On the left lies the large Tillage (1500 in-
hab.) of JigjiJftidfliJ (Xoipcnftur^, R. 2-3, pens, from 5 Jf^ very fair;
also rail, stat.), behind which are vineyards planted among the rocks.
Below Is an old Gothic chnrch.
On the right rises the wooded Krahnenherg (p. 76), beyond
which the mountains confining the river recede.
r. Ajidffl^ftOJh. — Hotels. Hacksnbruch, on tbe Bhine, with view,
R. lV«-iP/t, B. 1, D. 3, pens. b-^M; ♦BBBWrtcHBR Hop, B. 2-2V2, B. »/«,
D. IVz, pens. 4-5 M; *Schafeb, on the Schanzcben, near ihe Bhine, at
the lower end of the town, B. 2-274, B. »/«, D. 2-2V«, pens. 5-6 Jl; •Ankbr,
opposite the pier, B. 2-2V2* B. »/4, D. iV«-2 M. — HdTw, Dahnen, Glocke,
R. IV2-2 Ur, B. 80 pf, D. IV2, pens, from 41/2 UT, both -hr the Markt. —
Thelm^s Beer Houses in the Markt. — Omnilnu from the steamer to the
Krahnenbei^ railway 10 pf.
Andemachj a small and ancient town with 7900 inhab., with
narrow streets, and still to a great extent surrounded by its old walls,
extends picturesquely along the bank of the river, above which rise
conspicuously the old bastion , the Rhelnthor, and the lofty tower
at the lower end of the village, while the handsome parish-church
vrlth, its four towers is visible in the background. Andernach was
the Roman Antunnacum, or Antonaco, one of the fifty forts of Dru-
sus. Subsequently to the 6th cent, it is frequently mentioned as a
royal Frankish residence. In the middle ages it was an Imperial
town, but was taken by the Electorate of Cologne in 1496; in 1688
it was burned by the French.
At the upper end of the town, near the Coblenzer Thor, from a
deep fosse, rise the ruins of the once fortified Castle of the Electors
of Cologne, with its massive towers, erected in the 15th cent., and
destroyed by the French in 1688. — The Rathhaus, a late-Gothic
building of 1564, contains a few Roman and Frankish antiquities,
including the so-called * Jews' Bath*, a cistern 42 ft. deep, 16 ft.
long, and 13 ft. broad.
The lofty round W^j^cf^^Jlower on the Rhine, with an octagonal
story above, adorned'witha friVie of pointed arches, was erected in
1451-68 and restored in 1880. The wide breach on the W. side was
made by the French cannonade in 1688. A little farther on is the
spot where the lava millstones, tufa, trass, and other volcanic pro-
ducts of the neighbourhood are shipped.
The Parish Churchy dedicated to St. Genovefa, with its four
towers and richly-decorated portals, is a fine late-Romanesque edifice
(1206), without a transept. The still earlier choir, around which
runs a gallery of small columns, dates from 1120.
Over the aisles are galleries, reached by steps cat in the thickness
of the wall, with elegant arcades in front. On the vaalting of the nave
are the imperial arms, with those of the town and of Hermann IV., Arch-
bishop of Cologne (d. 1508). Choir decorated in 1856. Carved wooden pnlpit
brought in 1807 from the Abbey of Laacb (p. 105). I>atc-Uomancsque font.
76 Routed. NEUWIED. From Cologne
The foot of the Krahnenberg may be reached in about 10 min.
either from the Btation (turn to the left after passing under the
railway, then to the left again), or &om the Rhine (yi^ the Kirch-
Strasse at the lower end of the town and past the choir of the
parish church). The ascent (V4 ^^0 is somewhat steep (cable rail-
way, return-fare 50 pf.). At the top are the restaurants Krahnen-
hurg and Kaiserburg, which command beautiful views (best in the
afternoon).
Railway from Andeitiach to Niedermendig and May en, see p. 102.
Near the village of IrlicK on the E. bank, the. Wisdbach falls
into the Rhine. The hill rising on the "W. bank, a little inland, is
the Plaidter Hummerich (695 ft.).
1. ^[Q]UEied (rail. stat.). — Hotels. •Wildek Mann, R. 2, B. 1, D. 2V2,
S. IV2 Jf; Anebr, both on the Rhine ^ *Mokavian Hotel, frequented by
English travellers, with restaurant, R. 13/4-2V2 J(, B. 80 pf., D. 2Va, pens.
4V2-5V«^; Stelting, these two in the town; Bahnhofs-Hotel, very fair-,
Madbb, at the station of the right bank, R. A B. 2-2V2 Jf-
A Floating Bridge 0 pf.) and a JSteam Ferry (6 pf.) maintain communi-
cation between the two banks.
Neuwiedf a pleasant and thriving town, with broad, well-built
streets, was founded in 1653, on the site of the village of Langen-
dorf, which had been destroyed in the Thirty Years' War, by Count
Frederick of Wied, who invited numerous settlers, without distinc-
tion of religion or payment of money. Under his auspices the town
rapidly increased. The population (11,000) consists of Protestants,
Roman Catholics (3800), Moravian Brothers, Baptists, and Jews,
who have lived together here in great harmony since that period.
Starch, chicory, tobacco, and cigars are the principal products. The
schools of Neuwied enjoy a high reputation, and are attended by
pupils from England as well as from all parts of Germany.
At the lower end of the town rises the spacious Palace of the
Prince of Wied, with its fine Park, A building near the palace
gate, adjoining the street, contains a small Collection of Roman
Antiquities^ from Niederbiber (see below).
The Moravian Brothers, also called Hermhuter from Herrnhut in
Saxony, where they had established themselves after their expulsion
from Moravia during the Thirty dears' War, occupy a separate part of
the town. They were originally followers of John Huss, and their number
increased enormously after his death. They now form a kind of religious
republic, having their own laws both for public and private life, which
are administered by their elders. The gravity and austerity of their manners
and habits has gained for them the appellation of the Quakers of Germany.
The unmarried brethren live in a separate building, and carry on di£ferent
trades, the profits of which are devoted to the community. Fayence stoves
and deerskin gloves are their best manufactures. At stated seasons Uove
feasts^ are celebrated in the church, accompanied by singing, prayers, a
sermon, and tea -drinking. Their schools are well attended and in high
repute (visitors admitted).
From Keuwied a Steam Tbamwat ascends ttie valley of the ITted, via
Heddersdor/ and the Rasselslein Foundry , to (2V2 M.) Aiederhiber, the church
of which contains the tomb of Archbishop Count Hermann von Wied
(p. 85). Near Niederbiber were found extensive remains of a Roman castle,
one of the largest oii the Rhine, which, however, is not mentioned by
to Coblen%. ENGERS. 9. Route. 77
any Roman author; the excavations have again been covered in (comp.
p. 76). Thence the tramway ascends the valley of the Aubaeh to (AVi M.)
Oberbiher (Wiedischer Hot), at the mouth of the Wellbach. In the valley
of the Aubaeh, 2V2 M. from Oberbiber, is the Brauniberger Hof^ with a
frequented garden -restaurant and a picturesque ruined castle. — From
Oberbiber the road proceeds to (21/2 M.) the high-lying village of JUngtdorf
(980 ft. ; Anhauser \ Post), visited as a summer-resort.
ExcuESioN FKOM l^EuwiED TO MoNKEPos AND Altwikd. At the Rasscl-
stein Foundry (p. 76) walkers cross the stream, beyond which they
traverse tbe pleasant park of Nothhausen (restaurant) to (2 M.) Segendor/
(WolJBf). From Segendorf a road ascends in windings j but these the
pedestrian juay avoid by taking the footpath to the left above Segendorf,
by which Monrepos is reached in V* l»r. — Monxfipoa (10i5 ft. ; 870 ft. above
the Bhine), a chateau of the Prince of Wied, stands in a beautiful park
and commandjuan extensive prospect^refreshments at the ifahnho/, to the
W. of the chSLteau). Good points of view in the vicinity are the (lO min.)
ffolettou and the *Altufieder Aussicht. Footpaths descend from the latter
in 20 min. to Altwied (HerbsVs Inn , where the key of the castle is kept),
commanded by the extensive ivy-clad ruins of the ancestral castle ol the
ancient Counts of Wied.
Immediately above Neuwied, on the left, are the flgr^(yinf-
j^yttej the property of the Krupp Co. of Essen (p. 62), and the
Oermania foundry. On the opposite bank are the railway-station of
Neuwied'WeisserUhurm (p. 78) and the village of —
r. Wftii^^ptl^mqin^ at the N. end of which rises a lofty scmare
vvatjiltto£^ (1370), the extreme point of the dominions of the
Electors of Treves, which here adjoined those of Cologne. Above
the village stands an obelisk erected by the *Sambre and Meuse
army' to the French general Hockey who died at Wetzlar in 1797.
r. UrmitjB, 2/4 M. from the railway-station of that name.
On both banks of the river here is dug up a peculiar kind of pumice J
stone conglomerate (p. 103). It is cut into squares, mixed with mortar, j ^
and dried, and is much valued as a building material for inside walls. — j
The quarrying operations led in 1898 to the discovery of two Roman camps
on the left bank of the Rhine, between Weissenthurm and Unnitz. The I
one nearer the river, upwards of 400 yds. in circumference, was probably \-f-
designed to protect the bridge constructed here by Julius (^cesar. Bridge- j
piles were also found in dredging the river. '
1. Eagers (^Zur Romerbriicke; Restaurant Schunkert, on the
Rhine; uttel-RestauraTii FUgel, at the railway-station), formerly
Kunostein-Engersy the ancient capital of the Engersgau. The chitean ,
now a military school, was erected in 1758 by Elector Johann
PhiUpp von Walderdorf. — Then, on the opposite bank, Katten-
Engers and St. Sebastian Engers.
Near (1.) MvMhofen^ where the Saynbach falls into the Rhine,
are several foundries. On the river is the hydropathic of Rheinau
(R. from 2, pens. 6 Jf). On a hill in the background of the valley
rises the ruined castle of Sayn (p. 83).
1. Bendorf (isal. stat., p. 84), at some distance from the river;
farther up (r.), the village of Kesselheim, opposite the Niederwerth^
which conceals the town of (1.) VaUendar (p. 84) and the village of
Mallendar with the chateau of Besselieh (formerly belonging to the
Knights Templar, now private property).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
78 RouU 10. WEISSENTHUKM. From ColUnz
On the long island of fl.l NiederwerthAs a viUage,Jwith a convent
church built in 1500) containing a carved altar and fragments of
good stained glass. Edward III. of England resided here for a short
time in 1337, and had several interviews with the Emp. Lewis and
other princes.
1. Vrhar (p. 112), high up on the hillside, surrounded with
fruit-trees.
r. WaUef^shtim^ above it Neuendorfs chiefly inhabited by raftsmen.
The steamboat now passes the base of Ehrenbreitstein , opposite
the influx of the Moselle, commanding an excellent view of the
imposing Emp. William Monument, and stops at Coblenz (p. 106).
10. From Coblenz to Cologne.
Railway on the Left Bank.
Comp. Map$, pp. 70^ 68.
•"^iT Railway in li/rS hrs. (fares 8 UT 20, 6 *# 10, 4 Jl^ 30, or 7 UT 80,
5*# 50, 3*# 70 pf.). View of the Rhine on the right. — Railway on the
Right Bank, see R. 11. — Steamboat, see R. 9.
Travellers, whether holding single or retam-tickets, are entitled to
break their journey once, and may afterwards proceed by the railway on
either bank at their choice. Coblem and EhrenbreittteirTXcrosBing the railway-
bridge 60, 30, 20 pf. additional), Nettwied on the left (Weissenthnrm) and
Neutoied on the right bank, Andemaeh and Leutesdor/^ Brohl and JiAeIn*
&roA2, Nieder-Breiiig and Eifnningm^ Simig and Lingj Remagen and Erp$lj
Rolandseck and Sonne/ ^ Mehlem and Kdnigtwmter^ Godesberg and Ober-
cassel^ Bonn and Beuel, Cologne and Deutz.
CoblenZj see p. 105. As the train crosses the Moselle a view of
the old Moselle Bridge, with the Emp. William Monument and the
fortress of Ehrenbreitstein beyond it, is obtained to the right. At
the foot of the fortified Petersberg (1.) is a pyramidal monument in
honour of the French general Marceau (d. 1796; comp. p. 108).
The train now traverses an extensive and fertile plain. At (5V2 ^0
Urmitz are large stores of the Engers stone mentioned at p. 77.
8 M. WeiBsentlmrm-Keiiwied (steamb. stat., see.p. 77). The
station is Y3 M. from the Rhine, across which communication is
maintained by a steamer and a flying bridge with the town on the
opposite bank (p. 76). The train crosses the Nette, passes the lunatic
asylum of 8t. Thomas (1.) , a modem Gothic building with a Ro-
manesque chapel (12th cent.), and reaches —
1072 M. Andemaeh (steamb. stat.), see p. 75. The station is
V4M. to the S.E. of the town. (Branch-line to Mayen, seep. 102.)
Beyond Andemaeh the train skirts the Rhine and commands a fine
view in both directions (comp. p. 75).
Opposite (15 M.) Brohl (Brohlthal, etc., see R. 15) is the church
of Rheinbrohl. The train passes the foot of Schloss Rheineek and
(I5V2 M.) Nieder-Breisig (p. 74), opposite (r.) the ch&teau of Aren--
felsj and then cuts off the wide curve which the Rhine describes
between Nieder-Breisig and Remagen.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
to Cologne, GODESBERG. 10. Route. 79
2OY2 M. Sinzig (Deutsches Haus; Bheinischer Hof), probably the
Roman Sentidcunij a very ancient town with SOOOinhab., still partly
surrounded by walls, lies at the entrance to the Ahr Valley (R. 14),
IY2 ^' ^'om the Rhine. It was once the site of a Frankish palace,
afterwards an imperial residence, which latterly belonged to the
Dukes pf Julich. Picturesquely situated on a slight eminence rises
the handsome Parish C^urcA, which was consecrated in 1220, a fine
example of the late-Romanesque style, the round arch predominat-
ing, with very slightly projecting transepts, square turrets at the
sides of the choir, three apses, and an octagonal tower rising over
the centre. The interior has recently been restored and decorated.
The details of the capitals and string-courses repay examination.
The N. transept contains a good winged picture on a gold ground,
representing the Crucifixion and Ascension, and the Death of Mary,
by an early Cologne master, restored in 1855. At the foot of this
eminence is a tasteful little Gothic ChdteaUy built in 1858 by
Statz of Cologne, the property of Mr. Bunge of Antwerp. On the
Helenenberg, to the S. of the town, rises another pleasant country-
house.
The train now crosses the insignificant Ahty from the valley of
which rises the blunted cone of the Landskron (p. 97). This
district is extremely fertile, and is called the ^Ooldene MeU\
23 M. Bemagen (steamb. stat.) and the ApoUinaris-Kirchej see
pp. 71, 72. This is the station for the Ahr Valley railway (R. 14).
The train returns to the river here ; fine retrospect, and farther on
beautiful view of the opposite bank and the Seven Mountains
(comp. p. 70). — 26V2 M. Oberwinter (p. 71).
27^2 M. Bolandseok (steamb. stat. ; Rail. Restaurant , with
verandah and magnificent *View, see p. 70). In the river lies the
island of Nonnenwerth^ a little below which rise the picturesque
Drachenfels and the Seven Mts., on the opposite bank.
The train now quits the river. 3O72 M. HeUem, the station
for Konigswinter on the right bank (p. 91). — On the DraUehberg^
to the left, is the new Chdteau von der Heydt. Beyond it is the
park of Elisenruhe,
32 M. Oodesberg. — Hotels. •Blinzlee, Kurfursten-Str., a large
establishment, with garden, R. from 3, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 9-12 Ul^; *Adlek,
Hanpt-Str., B. 8-6, B. 1, D. from 2, pens, from QJf; Hdttkotiauch, at the
raUway-station, well spoken of, R. 1V2-5, B. 1, D. 2, pens. 6Jt. — Pensions.
Rotenburg (from BUlT per day), Wilhehna (6-9 UlT), QUnther (5-8 UO, Haus
Lichtenstein (S'/s-S Jf), Familien-ffeim , in the Rhein-All^e. — Hotels at
(»/« M.) Eiingsdopf and at PUttersdorf, see p. 69.
Tramway to Bonn and to Mehlem, see p. 85. — Steamboat Station
(3/4 M. to the E.), see p. 69.
English Ohurch Service in the English Chapel in the Rhein-Allee
(p. 80). ^ "^
Oodesberg^ a town with 8900 inhab., situated at the point where
the valley of the Rhine begins to expand, is a favourite summer-
resort, where wealthy merchants of Cologne, Elberfeld, and Cre-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
80 Route 10. BRUHL.
feld have erected a number of handsome villas, surrounded by
pleasant gardens. The Hydropathic Establishment^ adjoining Blinzler's
Hotel, is much frequented (8-14 Jf per day). The Draiseh or Draitsch,
an alkaline chalybeate spring, sunk afresh in 1864, at the entrance
to the small Oudenauer-Thal, at the foot of the Draischberg (p. 79),
was known to the Romans. A well-appointed mineral water bath
was opened in 1902. — A pleasant walk ascends the Gudenau
valley to the farm of Matienforst^ whence paths traverse the woods
to Kottenforst. To the N. of the mineral spring is a hill Mdth a large
Protestant Orphanage. Adjacent is the *Wendelstadt'Hdhej an ad-
mirable point of view. — The favourite promenade is the Rhein-
Allee, near the station, with the English Chapel.
On a basaltic eminence (246 ft. ; 400 ft. above the sea), V2 M.
to the N. of the station, stands the ruined Castle of €K>de8berg,
which was built by the Archbishops of Cologne in the 13-14th cent,
and is said to occupy the site of a Roman fort. It was destroyed by
the Bavarians in 1583. The partly restored *pala8* contains a good
restaurant. Fine view from the platform of the tower (98 ft. high).
The Cemetery of the village lies within the precincts of the castle.
On the right , as Bonn is approached , immediately after the
train has crossed the Bonn and Coblenz road, is seen the Boch-
kreuzy a Gothic column 30 ft. high, erected in 1332-49 to a knight,
who is said to have fallen in a duel at this spot, and restored in
1854. On the hill to the left is the Rosenburg (p. 90), and farther
off the Kreuzberg (p. 89). To the right appears Bonn with its con-
spicuous new Protestant church and its lofty minster-tower.
36 M. Bonn (steamb. stat.), see p. 84 ; steam-ferry to Ober-
cassel, see p. 81 ; railway to Euskirchen, see p. 202.
To the W., at a little distance from the line, is a chain of low
and partly-wooded hills called the Vorgehirge or Ville^ on which
numerous villages with orchards and country-houses are situated.
The last vineyards in the land of the grape are now passed. Near
(40 M.) Roisdorf i\&et% a mineral spring resembling that of Selters.
— 44 M. Sechtem. Before reaching —
471/2 M. Bruhl (^Pavilion ; Belvedere ; Deutscher Kaiier, opposite
the park-gates), a town with 6400 inhab., the train intersects the
park of Bruhl, passing the chateau of Falkerdust on the right, which
was once a hunting-lodge of the electors, but is now private property,
and stops opposite the royal *8chlo8s Bruhl. This handsome build-
ing, erected by Elector Clement Augustus in 1725-28 from the plans
of J. 0. Schlaun, and altered and elaborated in subsequent decades,
was restored in 1842 and 1876-77. It offers classical examples of
the French and German rococo style in all stages of its development.
Admission from 10 (Sun. U) to 6 (in winter 4), 26 pf. The garden
and park are always open to the public.
The Staircase, the handsomest 18th cent, structure of the kind in
W. Germany, with stucco sculptures and paintings by StHber^ was corn-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
OBEROASSEL. 11. Route, 81
pleted in 1748. The Sallx dxs Gaxdbs and the Dining Hall are adorned
in the late-rococo style by Roth. The "S. Wino exhibits the elegant ta«te
of the early French rococo period, as interpreted by Leveilkr (1728-32).
The Gakdkn Wing illustrates German rococo (ca. 1750). The palace con-
tains a rich collection of portraits, carved furniture, and tine porcelain stoves.
50 V2 M. Kalscheurerif junction for the Elf el Railway (p. 202). The
crowded houses of Cologne soon come in sight. The train describes a
curve round part of the town, above whose ramparts tower the impos-
ing cathedral and other churches, passes the Cologne South Station
and West Station (p. 26) , and enters the central station at —
57 M. Ck>logn6, see R. 3.
11. From Cologne (Deutz) to Ehrenbreitstein (Cohleiiz),
Railway on the Right Bank.
Comp. Mapi^ pp. 68^ 70.
56 M. Railway in l^A-S hra. (fares 7 *# 30, 5 UlT 50, 3 Jf 70 pf., express
8 Uir 20, 6 Uir 10, 4 Jr 30 pf.). — views to the right. — For return-tickets
and break of journey, comp. p. 78.
From Cologne to (13 M.) Troisdorf, see p. 65. — 14 M.
Friedrich-Wilhelms-Hiitte, an extensive foundry. The train crosses
the Sieg, and returns to the Rhine at (18 M.) Beuel, connected
with Bonn by the new Rhine bridge (p. 90).
2OV2M. Oherctasel (^Wolfsburg, with veranda and garden, very
fail), a thriving little town with an old church-tower and a large
cement-factory , lies on the Rhine amidst fruit-trees , and affords
pleasant summer-quarters. Well -constructed walks lead to the
Steinerne Hauschen (^/^ M. from the station ; fine view), the quarries
of the Babenleiy Heisterbach (p. 95; 2 M.), and other picturesque
points in the neighbourhood. Near the village of Kiidinghofen, 2 M.
from the station, rises the Ennert (518 ft.). Adjacent are extensive
basalt quarries. — Obercassel is connected with the Left Rhenish
Railway at Bonn by a steam- ferry (p. 84).
221/2 M. Dollendorf is a good starting-point for excursions among
the Seven Mts. The station (Restaurant zur Weintraube) is at Nieder-
Dollendorf (Krone, pens. 4 ulf), on the Rhine, at the mouth of the
Heisterback Valley^ which is ascended by a steam- tram way, passing
(IV4M.) Ober-Dollendorf^Piemhgen'a Restaurant) ; 21/2 M. Heister-
bach (p. 95) ; Waldstation, at the divergence of the route to the
Margarethenhof (Oelberg, Ldwenburg; comp. p. 94) j 3V4M, Hdtter'
bacherrott; and (4 M.) Orengelsbitze,
231/2 M. Kdnigswinter (steamh. stat.; p. 91) is the favourite
starting-point for exploring the Seven Mts. (R. 13). The station
lies at the lower end of the town.
The valley of the Rhine now contracts. The train skirts the base
of the Drachenfels and runs close to the river.
BaEDEKBB'8 Rhine. 15th Edit. Digitized by (j^OOglc
82 Route 11. HONNEF. From Cologne
26 M. Shondorf. — Hotels. Dbaghbnfels, Bbllevub, both on the
Rhine ; Wolkenbueg, R. IV2 *#, B. 60 pf., D. IV2, pens. A J^. — Pension
Klein, R. 2V2-3, D. 2-21/2, pens. 4V2-5 *#. — Marienbad Htdeopathic, on
the Eneipp system. — Omnibus to Kdnigswinter and Honnef, see below.
Bhbndorf is a pleasant summer-resort. In the little churcli is a
well-preserved tombstone, in trachyte from the Drachenfels, of the
last knight of Dracbenfels, with armorial bearings and date 1630,
brought here from the abbey of Heisterbach. — From Rhondorf to
the Lowenburg, I74 hr., see p. 96; to the Drachenfels 40 min.,
by a bridle-path via the Kanzel and the SiegfriedaUippen, indicated
by a flnger-post on the Lowenburg road, mentioned at p. 96 ; to
Konigswlnter 1^4 M.
27 M. Honnef. — Hotels. *H6tel Klein, with garden and view,
R. 2V2-3, B. 1, D. 2V2i pens. 5-6 Uf; Weinstook; Zdh SiBBENaEBiBGE,
unpretending, with restaurant, R. IV2-2, B. V** ^' ^^fO^^ iV** P®'^*' f'om
4y« •*» Webel, R. from 3, B, 1, D. 2»/2, pens, from 6 UT, well spoken
of; Rddesheim. R. IV2-2, B. 1, D. IV2, pens. 4 •#. — Pensions (all good):
Schotten (5-6 Jf per day), Kereher (from 5 •#), BiscWW (5-6 Jl\ Erholvng
{Krdmer; 5-6 UlOt all these with large gardens; O, Stang (41/2-6 U»). — The
Hohen-Hormef Sanatorium (775 ft), well situated on the Fnchshardt (carr,
from the station in 25 min., 4-6 J()y is an admirably equipped establish-
ment for safferers from weak lungs (R. from 2, bosurd 7-8 Jl). — Rhein'
gold Restaurant^ on the slope of the Reichenberg, with view; Dahlhanstn^
cafe and confectioner, Haupt-Str. 68.
Omnibus to KhUndorf (see above \ 20 pf.) and to Kdnigswinter (p. 91 •,
80 pf.), 15-18 times daily.
Oarriages. From the station to Honnef, for 1-4 pers., one-horse 80 pf.,
two-horse \ Jl ; to RhUnsdorf or Rolandseck Ferry ^ one-horse 1, two-horse
IV2 Jl; to Kdnigswinter 2 or 21/2 •#, there and back 2^/4 or 3Va Jl; to
the Margarethenhof or the Ldwenbvrger Hof 7 or 9 Jl, there and back
9 or 12 U!^; for half-a-day 9 or 12, whole day 15 or 20 UT.
Boat to Rolandseck or to Konigswinter 2 Jl,
River Baths near the railway-station.
Honnef J a scattered village vdth 6500 inhab., lies 8/4 M. to the
left of the railway, and comprizes a number of pleasant villas, some
of which are let to visitors. The church is handsome. Honnef is
one of the pleasantest and sunniest spots on the Rhine, being
sheltered from the N. and E. winds by the Seven Mts., and sur-
rounded by vineyards and orchards. Owing to its genial climate and
pretty scenery it has become a favourite resort from early spring to
late autumn. The DrachenquelUj a mineral spring, is used for
drinking and bathing.
Envibons. Beautiful walks, furnished with guide-posts, lead via Bon-
dor/^ passing the Eecken/els on the left, to the Annathal ; along the Rhine to
Kdnigswinter and the island of Ora/enwerth ; to EoTien-Honne/ (see above) and
then by a path diverging from the road to the left to the Rheingold (see above),
MooshUtte. Augusthdhe^ CapeUe^ and the Ldwenburg (p. 96; in all IV2 hr.);
to the poplars above Rommersdor/ (:p. 91)\ via BeUhof to Memenberg (restau-
rant; on the slope of the hill is grown the best red wine of the district),
past the large Hager-Hof^ by a footpath to Rheinbreitbach (p. 71), and
back by the road to Honnef (comp. the Map, p. 92); by Menzenberg to
the Eager Kdppelehen (V2 hr. ; fine view) ; over the Eeidenkamm to the Eaa-
nenburg (Vi hr.) ; via Sellhof to the (1 hr.) Leiberg (1140 ft.), a basaltic hiU
commanding a beautiful view.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
io Coblenz. SAYN. 11, Route, 83
In the RMne, to the right, lie the islands of Nonnenwerth and
Qtafenwerth; on the opposite bank are the picturesque arched ruin
of Rolandseck and the village of that name. The village of Ehein-
hreitbach (p. 71) is next passed, opposite which is Oberwinter. At
(24 M.) Unkel (p. 71) the train quits the fertile plain which lies at
the foot of the Seven Mts., and passes Erpelj opposite to which lies
Remagen with the elegant Apollinaris-Kirche (pp. 71, 72).
34 M. Linz (steamh. stat. ; p. 73) lies opposite the mouth of the
Ahr, above which, a little inland, rises the handsome church of ^Sinsiy.
The train next passes Leubadorf^ Schloas Arenfels, and Ariendorf,
Opposite (38 M.) Honningen (p. 74) is Nieder-Breisig, a little above
which rises Schloaa Rheineck, The train passes (40 M.) Rheinbrohl, with
its Gothic church (opposite the Brohl Valley ^ p. 103), and Nieder- and
Ober-Hammerstein, at the base of the Hammerstein. On the opposite
bank, a little above (43^/2 M.) Leuttsdorf (p. 76), the picturesque
and ancient town of Andemaeh (p. 76), with its round tower and
handsome church in the background, comes into sight. The valley
of the Rhine expands ; the train crosses the Wied^ skirts the park
of the Prince of Wied, and stops at —
47 M. Keuwied (steamb. stat. ; p. 76). The station is V2 ^' to
the E. of the town. The train now runs inland and traverses an
extensive plain, but returns to the river at the next station.
49 V2 M. Engers (p. 77), the junction for the line to Alten-
kirchen and Limburg.
Fboh ENasRS TO SiEBSHAHN, 13 M., railway in */4 br. (1 Jl 80, 90,
45 pf.). — The line crosses the Saynbach , and ascenas the left bank of
the stream. '
l»/4 M. Sayn (H6tel Friedrichsberg^ R. lV2-2*#, very fair; Krvpp^ pens,
from 4 •#; HdM Holler) ^ with extensive iron -works belonging to the
Krnpp Co, of Essen, and a ch&tean and park of Prince Sayn-Wittgenstein-
Sayn, commanded by the mined castle of Sayn, has a population of 1500.
— Schloia Sajm (adm. 50 pf.) is handsomely fitted up and contains a good
collection of modern pictures and sculptures, and a colossal wooden figure
of Henry III. of Sayn (d. 1246), originally belonging to his sarcophagus in
the abbey of Sayn, of which he wa0 the founder. The pretty Pavk lies
on the slope of the hill , on which are situated the extensive ruins of
the old Castle erected in the 10th cent, and destroyed by the French in the
Thirty Years' War, the ancestral seat of the once powerful Counts of Sayn.
On the slope of the hill are the ruined castles of Stein and Rei/enberg. —
About 2 M. to the N.W. of Sayn, beyond the united villages of ffeimbach and
Weiu^ are the ruins of the ancient abbey of Rommendor/i with fine cloisters
and chapter-house, erected about 1200, now the property of the Duke of
Aremberg, and used as farm-buildings.
Beyond a tunnel we have a fine view of Sayn, with its ch&teau and
ruined castle to the left. The train now ascends the picturesque Brex-
b<$eh'Thal, over numerous viaducts and through several tunnels. On a hill
to the left, IVt hr. from Sayn, is the ruined castle of Isenburg^ the ancient
seat of a still existing family. A little higher up is a restaurant (view).
From (TVa M.) Orenzau a branch-line runs in 10 min. to (I*/* M.) H5hr-
G^enshauaen. The station lies on the boundary between the two villages,
in which earthenware, both useful and ornamental, has been manufactured
for centuries. The Vienna Exhibition of 1873 brought the ware of this
district into modem notice. There are several large factories near the
Station. The Ceramic School^ with an interesting exhibition, and ^MUllen*
ft*
84 BouUli. BONN. HoUls,
haeK's Inn are both in Hobr. — We may return to the Bbine on foot ;
to Vallendar (see below), IV4 br.
101/3 M. Ransbaeh^ a Tillage carrying on tbe manufacture of whet-
stonea. — A steep incline leads bence to (ISVs M.) SiershahUy the junction
of tbe Limbarg and Altenkircben line (p. 219).
b0^l2M,BBndoti(Bheini8cherHofy R. &B.2V2-<lf/ NaasauerHof),
a Bmall town wltb 5600 Inbab., situated amidst orchards 3/4 M. to
the E. of the line, with an interesting Romanesque church and
several lunatic asylums.
531/2 M. VaUendar (Hdtel Anker y R. & B. from 2V2) I>* 2,
pens, from 4 •#;, a busy little town with 4000 inhab. who carry
on a Itrisk riyer-trafflc, lies on an arm of the Rhine opposite the
island of Niedcrwerth (p. 77). On a height above the town stands
tbe handsome Churth, built in 1839 on the site of an older church
said to have been founded in 836, with a tower of the 15th cent. ;
it contains some late-Gothic church-plate. — Weitersburg, on the
hill V2 ^- ^0 the N. of Vallendar, commands a beautiful view of the
Rhine with its islands and its banks from Andemach to Coblenz.
About halfway up the hill is a summer-house of the VaUendar
Casino, to which visitors are admitted.
A little farther on , a beautiful view is obtained of Coblenz,
the mouth of the Moselle, and the Emp. William Monument. The
station at (56 M.) Ehrenbreitstein (p. 105) lies at the foot of the
precipitous rock on which the fortress is situated.
a.f^,(V'^ 12. Bonn.
Hotela. On the Rhine: *Botal Hotsl (PI. b; G, 8), Coblenser-Str. 11,
first-class, with lift and garden, B. from 2V«» D. 3*/2, pens, from 7 •#. —
HdTBL Klbt (PI. c ; C, 3), Coblenzer-Str. 1, near the Alte Zoll', R. 2V2-4,
B. 1, D. 2^/r9 Jfy with garden- restaurant : BHBiintOK (PI. e; C, 2), at the pier,
second-class, with terrace, B. 2Vs-4, B. 1, D. S^/s •#; Dissmamn, by tbe new
bridge, B. 2-3 •#, well spoken of. — In the Town : *Gk>u>NEB Stebn (PI. a \
G, 2), in the market-place, with ball-rooms and restaurant, flrst-class, B. 2-6,
B. IV4, D. 2V2, pens, from 7 J(; Sohwan (PL g; B, 2), Stem-Str. 54, well
spoken of, B. 2-3, B.»/4, D. IV2-2V2, pens. 5-6 •#; Bhbinisohbe Hop (PI. f ; B,2),
Stem-Str 57 i Gentkal, Wilhelm-Str. 1 (PI. 8,2); Tbaube, Meckenbeimer-
Str. 18 (PI. A, 2, 3); Bothb Kannb, in the market-place, plain but very
fair. — At the Railway Station: HdrEL-BssTAUBANT Contimbntal, Bahnhof-
Str. 15a, B. A B. 2Vr3V2, pens. byt-V/tJ^; Ebonpbinz; Hambubobb Hof,
B. &B. 2Vi.3V2-#. — In the PoppeUdor/er AUde: H6t. duNobd, Quantius-
Str.l, B.IV2-3, B.l, D. from iV2> peiis. from4V2«#; Evangelisohes Hospiz.
Pensions. Mrt. Thomae^ CK)eben-Str. 15; Harlimg^ Hofgarten-Str. 4
(4-8 UT); MUUer, Cobnant-Str. 14 (4-6 Jf)-, Beenken, Marien-Str. 1 (5-7 UT);
Schufft, Fahrgasse 3 (4-7 «#) ; Janeeniue, Herwarth-Str. 12 (4-6 JQ : Neuerhurg^
Lenn^-Sir.8(4-6«#); 8chniewind-Eeue^ HohenzoUem-Str. 30(5-7 UT)^ WeUler^
Coblenzer-Str. 2; atrauberger^ Dechen-Str. 1 {ir&I^Jt).
Bestaurants. "Perriny Wenzelgasse 50 ; *8ehann^ Post-Str. 11; Schwarz^
Eaiser-Str. ; £a<la»A««Mr, Miinster-Platz ; Viehhd/er^ Lang, Baumschuler All^e;
Goldener Stern, Edt. Kley. see above. — Oaf^s. Tmoeie, at the station •, Kaieer-
Cafi, Kaiser-PIatz. — Boer. KaiterhalU, Martin-Str. ; Im Krug mm OrHnen
£ranu, Goblenzer-Str. 27; Zum HShncken, Dreieck 3 (PI. B, 2); Rheiingoldy
]Iarkt24; H6t. Continental^ Hamburger Hof , Kronprinz^ see above, all near
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a.r
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BiHory. BONN. 12, Route, 85
the station; Adtorf^ Milnster-PlatK ; Schumaeher^ Markt 12. — StadihalU
(open-air restaurant), see p. 89.
Bathing Establishment! on the Rhine, above the town, with swim-
ming (40 pf.) and warm baths. There are also warm baths at the Bonner
Badeanstalt, at the entrance of the Banmschnler All^e.
Electric Tramways. From the rail, station viH Post-Str., M iinster-PIatz,
Friedrich-Str., and Brncken-Str. to Bettel (p. 90); from the Markt, past the
station, t) Pcjapelsdorf (p. 89): to the Coln-Thor; by the Coblenzer-Str. to
KessetUch (p. 80). ~ Steam Tramway from the Kaiaer-Str. (cor. of the
Eonigs-Str. ; PI. C, 4), passing the terminus of the electric cars in the
Coblenzer-Str., to Gode»berff (p. 79) and Mehlem (p. 69), every 1/2 hr. on week-
days and every 1/4 hr. on Sanoay. — Another steam-tramway ( Vorgehirgsbalm)
runs to (22 M.) Cologne in 21/2 hrs., starting at the Viehmarkt (PL B, 2).
Oabs. Per drive in the town, 1-2 pers. 70 pf., each additional pers.
25 pf., box 10 pf. ; per »/« hr. li/a *#. To PoppeUdorf 75 pf., with two
horses 1 •#, each pers. beyond two, 25 pf. more; to Oodesberg 3 or 4 Jl^
to Oat$elsrtihe (p. 90) 3V» or 41/2 U(f, each pers. more than two, 50 pf.
Post Office (PI. B, 3) , Munster-Platz. — Telegraph Office , Millheimer'
Str. (PI. B, 2).
English Church Service in the University Chapel (p. 87) at 11 a.m. and
(in summer) 7 p.m.
Ohief Attractions. Miinster (p. 86); House of Beethoven (p. 86); Pro-
vincial Museum (p. 88) ; view from the Alte Zoll (p. 87) ; walk along the
Bhine and acrpss the new bridge (p. 90); Poppelsdorfer AU^e (p. 89).
Bonn(154ft.), atown with 50,700 inhab., the seat of a university
founded in 1818 and attended by about 2000 students, is pleasantly
situated on the W. bank of the Rhine, neai the N. entrance to the
narrower and more picturesque part of the valley of the river. It
has recentiy become a very prosperous place, and a favourite resi-
dence of English and other visitors. The pleasant villas with their
gardens on the Rhine, situated on the Goblenzer-Strasse above the
town, the shady promenades of the Hof-Garten, the Poppelsdorfer
AU^e, and the imposing new bridge, all contribute to render the
town very attractive, while the fine towers of the Miinster and the
Protestant church also enhance the general effect.
Bonny the Bonna or Castra Bonnensia of the Romans, frequently
mentioned by Tacitus, and probably founded by Drusus, was one of the first
Roman fortresses on the Rhine, and the headquarters of several legions.
The BK)man Castrum^ which was very extensive, stood near the end of the
modem Steinweg or Heerweg^ at the Wichelsho/, to the N. of the town , as
is proved by excavations made in 1818 and by recent investigations. In
the middle ages Bonn was a place of little importance until 1267, when
the Archbishop of Cologne transferred his residence and seat of govern-
ment hither (comp. p. 81). The German kings, Frederick of Austria
(1314) and Charles IV. (1346), were crowned in the Miinster.
The Protestant tendencies of Hermann of Wied and Gebhard of
Waldburg , Archbishops of Cologne in the 16th cent. , principally mani-
fested by the latter in his marriage with the nun Agnes of Mansfeld, for
which he was declared an apostate and banished from his Electorate, brought
Bonn into great trouble. In the Dutch War of Independence, in the
Thirty Years' War, and especially in the Spanish War of Succession, Bonn
suffered repeatedly from sieges. That of 1689 was conducted by Elector
Frederick III. of Brandenburg (King Frederick I.) at the head of the imper-
ial and allied troops. Marlborough and other celebrated generals took
part about the same time in the operations against the town. The walls
were levelled in 1717, in accordance with the Peace of Rastatt. — Under
the Electors of the 18th cent. Bonn was very prosperous, and one of
them in 1777 founded an Academy, elevated to a University seven years
86 Boutel2. BONN. MUnster.
later by Emperor Joseph II. On 7ih Oct., 1794, the French marched into
the town, and in 1797 the university was closed.
Under the French Bonn suffered mach, and its population decreased
from 9500 to 7600, but since its recovery by the Prussians in 18U and the
foundation of the Frederick William University it has gradually revived.
Among the eelebritie« of the latter are B. G. Kiebnhr, E. M. Amdt, A. W.
von Schlegd, Argelander, Welcker, Bitschl, Diez, Simrock, Lassen,
and Dahlmann.
The Railway Station (PL B, 3) was built in 1883-86 after plans
by Viereck and Unger.
The Post-Stiasse leads direct from the station to the MOnsteb-
Platz (PI. B, 3) , which is embellished with a bronze Statue of
Beethoven , executed by Hanel of Dresden and inaugurated in pre-
sence of Queen Victoria in 1845.
The *Man8ter (PI. B, 3), a cruciform church with two choirs,
four small towers, and a lofty octagonal principal tower over the cross-
ing, Is an imposing and picturesque example of the late-Roman-
esque style. It was formerly an archdeanery of St. Oassius and St.
Florentius, and, like many Rhenish churches, traces its foundation
to Constantino. The W. part of the crypt and the part of the
church above it date from the 11th, the choir from the middle of
the 12th, and the nave, transept, and chief tower from the 13th
century. The building has recently been carefully restored.
The Intebiob, which was adorned with paintings by Martin in 1890-94,
is remarkable for its handsome proportions. It contains a bronze statue
of St. Bdena. the mother of Constantine, in a mannered style, cast at
Home in 1706 *, two Bcu-Relie/s, representing the Nativity and Baptism of
tVtlxt over the altars in the nave and transept to the right, well-executed
Italir ^orks. Near the chief portal is the Sareophagut of Archbishop
EngeiDeir \-r m Falkenburg (d. 1274). The old Crypt and the remains of
medieeva! paintings (restored; also in the chapter hall) are intere«ting.
The £. choir contains a jpicture in mosaic from Oeiges* designs ; the stained-
g^ass windows are by Linnemann and Geiges.
The ancient Chapter House adjoining the church is now the par-
sonage. The ^QliQisterSj with pillars possessing beautiful capitals,
date from the 12th cent. (entr. from the church or on the E. sid?,
adjoining the choir). — Th^Q Munstev-Schule^ built in the Romanesque
style in 1886-86, was designed by Lemcke.
The busiest point of the town is the triangular Market Place
(PL B, 0, 2, 3), on which the principal streets of the old town con-
verge. In the centre of it rises a .FbuntofnCo^jmu*, erected by the
citizens in 1777 in honour of Maximilian Frederick, Elector of
Cologne. The Rathhaus^ with its lofty flight of steps, was completed
in 1782. — The late-Gothic Church of St, Remigius (15th cent.),
formerly the Minoriten-Kirche^PL C, 2), has cloisters of the beginning
of the 14th century and modern paintings by Carl Miiller (St. Anna
and the Virgin, St. Joseph and the Holy Child) and other Diissel-
dorf artists. — The Jesuit Church (PI. 0, 2), in the Bonngasse, is
now used by the Old Catholics.
At No. 20 Bonngasse is the Bftethyyen Honaa (PI. B, 2), in
which Ludwig van Beeihoven (1770-1827) was born. The house is
Digitized by VjOOQ
VnwerHty. BONN. 12. RouU. 87
now fitted np as a Beetlioyen Museum (adm. 1 •#, on Wed. & Sun.
50 pf.). Beethoven's father was a tenor-singer, and his grandfather
(a native of Antwerp) band-master to the Elector.
The contents of the maseum include numerous portraits of Beethoven,
his family, and his contemporaries ; his piano, quartette instruments, ear
trnmpet, scores, letters, etc. The garret in which he was bom is in the
back-bxulding and has heen preserved unaltered.
The Pfiiver^ity Bnildingi (PI. B, C, 3), 640 yds. in length and
originally the Electoral Palace, occupy the S. side of the old town.
The central portion, with its four towers, was begun by Enrico Zuccali
in 1697-1703 and completed by Robert de Cotte in 1715-23. The
two principal towers were rebuilt in the original style in 1895. The
best view of the buildings is obtained from the Hof-Garten. They are
well fitted up and contain most of the Lecture Rooms, the Library
(250,000 vols., 1350 MSS.), adorned with busts of Niebuhr, Schlegel,
Arndt, etc., the Physical, Ophthalmic, &n^ Aural Institutes, and the
rich Palaeontological Museum, particularly interesting with regard
to the Rhineland. The Aula or hall ( keys kept by the head-porter,
under the arcades to the left; 50 pf.) is adorned with frescoes em-
blematical of the four faculties, executed by Cornelius's pupils,
Forster, Gotzenbergei, and Hermann (1824). The old chapel of the
Electoral Palace is now a Protestant place of worship (Church of
England service, see p. 85).
Passing through the Coblenzer-Thor, which intersects the E. wing
of the university, and has its facade adorned externally with a figure
of the Archangel Michael , we reach the Coblenzer-Strasse (p. 88).
— Immediately to the left is the entrance to the Alte ZoU (PI. C,
D, 3), an old bastion on the bank of the Rhine, commanding a
fine •View of the river and its opposite bank , including Beuel,
Bensberg, Siegburg, and th^ Seven Mts. In the centre is a Mon-
ument to the poet Ernst Moritz Arndt (1769-1860), in bronze. The
figure leans with the left hand on a trunk of oak, whilst the right
points towards the Rhine. The two French guns here were captured
in the war of 1870. An inclined plane descends from the Alte Zoll
to the Rhine, which is skirted by a pleasant promenade (p. 89).
Next to the Royal Hotel, No. 9 Coblenzer-Str., is the Civic
Museum, in the former Villa Obemier (PI. D, 3 ; adm. Sun. & Wed.,
11-1, free; at other times 50 pf.), containing a collection of modern
pictures and a few sculptures, bequeathed to the town by Prof.
Obernier (d. 1882). Fine view of the Rhine and Seven Mts.
On the W. side of the Coblenzer- Strasse lies the gof-Garten
(PI. C, 3), with its avenues of fine old trees. On the W. side of the
garden rises the Protestant Church (PI. C, 3), a Gothic edifice of
brick, erected by Dieckhoff in 1866-71, with a lofty tower. —
The modern Gothic Herz-Jesu-Kirche (PI. C, 4), adjoining the
S.W. comer of the garden, contains good stained glass, designed by
Steinle.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
88 Route 12. BONN. Provincial Museum,
In the S.E. corner of the Hof-Garten rises the Academic MnBenm
of Art (PI. C, 3), open free on Mon., Wed., and Frid.,^-5, from
October to April 2-4; at other times, fee (custodian in the central
block, next the Coblenzer-Str.). The museum, founded in 1826 by
F. G. Welcker (d. 1868), the eminent antiquarian, contains one of
the oldest and finest collections of casts in Germany and a few
original antiquities.
Among the original Greek works are the celebrated marblfe ^ffermae
with heads of SophoeleSy Euripides^ AristopTumet^ huA Menander. There are
also terracotta figurines from Asia Minor, Greece (Tanagra), Sicily, and Italy;
and over 200 Greek vases. — The Casts are arranged so as to illustrate the
development of ancient sculpture: Egyptian, Assyrian, Greek, and Boman.
In the Goblenzer-Strasse, to the left, is the Collegium Albertinum
(Erzbiachdfliche Convict; PI. 0, D, 3), a large Gothic building,
erected in 1892 for the accommodation of Roman Catholic students
at the University. No. 36 is a club-house by Kayser & Von Gross-
heim, and a little farther on; is the Boyal OymnaMum^ a Renais-
sance structure by Reinike. — No. 75 Zweite Fahrgasse (PL D, 4),
the second cross-street to the left (as we go to the S.), was the resi-
dence of thO' poet Arndt, who died here in 1860 (p. 87). — The
Goblenzer-Strasse is flanked with villas and gardens for about 1 M.
beyond the Coblenz Gate (steam-tramway to Godesberg, see p. 85).
Among them is the Boyal Villa, for royal princes studying in Bonn.
In the N. part of the town , near the Wilhelms-Platz , are the
StifU'Kirche (PI. B, 2), the large Hospital of St. John (PI. B, 1), and
the new University Clinical Institutes (PI. B, 0, 1), with the Patho-
logical Institute, on an elevated site extending to the bank of the
Rhine. — Outside the Coln-Thor are the Provincial Lunatic Asylum,
the Hussar Barracks ^ and (IV2 M.) the New Cemetery.
The •Provincial Museam (PI. A, 3^, No. 16, Colmant-Str., near
the railway-station, is a handsome building of red sandstone in the
Italian Renaissance style, erected in 1889-93. It contains an extensive
collection of Roman and mediaeval stone monuments, prehistoric,
Roman , and Frankish antiquities , a small picture-gallery , and a
few medisval works of art (director, Dr. Lehner). The museum is
open 11-1, free on Sun. and Thurs., on other days 60 pf.; at other
times 75 pf. Visitors ring. Guide 40 pf.
Ground Floor. Votive monuments. By the door to the left, altars of
Jupiter, Hercules, and the Deee Matres. IT 82. *Monament of the centurion
M. (kieiiut^ who fell in the ^Bellnm Varianum\ the only stone monument
extant relating to the battle in the Teutoburgian Forest 5 the breast of
the centurion is adorned with his military orders and distinctions; at the
side are his freed men. Other interesting sepulchral monuments (Nos. 3124,
3962, etc.). Stones with Christian inscriptions. — Basement. Belies of the
Muselle bridge at Coblenz, Roman capitals, sarcophagi. Monuments with
representations of deities. U 77. Large votive altar uf the Dea Victoria,
with symbols of fishing and cattle - rearing. In the middle, large Mosaic
Pavement from Weingarren. Sculptures 0731. iEneas and Anchi^es; Lion
and hoar). — In the Vestibule and adjoining room are Romanesque,
GK>thic, and Renaissance sculptures from the Middle and Lower Rhine. —
On the Staibgase to the first floor, models of Roman weapons.
oogle
Poppelsdorf. BONN. 12. BouU. 89
TTppar Floor. I. Prbhistobio Booh (in the middle). The central glasa
case contains the famous Ifecmderthal JShitt^ which has been (literally) such
a bone of contention among savants. Objects of the Flint Period, found
in the Rhenish proYinces. Bronae hatchets, knives, spear-heads; bronse
vessels t armlets and collars of gold (ea. 4th cent. B.C.). — II. Boom or
THB Roman Bsonzss. To the left of the entrance : silver-gilt dishes ; sieves,
goblets, kettles, bronze lamps; the wig and thunderbolt of a colossal bronse
statue of Jupiter. At the end of the room, to the right : Bronze head of the
£mp. Oordian III. (d. 244); harness, shield-bosses, mountings of furniture
and vessels. By the side-wall: chains, spoons, knives, keys, locks, handles,
amulets, buckles (including a large military buckle inscribed *numerum
omnium'). Five cases in the middle contain bronze figures. — in. Roman
Tbbraootta Boom. On the entrance • wall , frescoes from Bonn and
Pompeii. — The Cobbidob contains Roman earthenware of a late period
(4th cent. A.D.). — IV. Glass Boom (at the back of the building).
Figures in terracotta, masks , ivory carvings , silver and gold ornaments.
— The v. Boom contains objects found in Boman tombs. In the wall-
cases are early-Boman cremation-tombs, arranged chronologically. Late
Roman tombs with skeletons. In the last floor-case are four fine bronze
cauldrons. — VI. Boom (Prankish Tombs). Fine weapons and ornaments.
— VIl. PioTDBB Gallebt, with some good Rhenish and Netherlandish
works. — VIII. Hbdiaval Boom. Sculptures of the 12-13th cent. ; iZenois-
aofMS Tombstone of 1571, from Aiken. Old Rhenish pottery, real and
imitation. Works in ivory and enamel.
On the Ground Floor , to the right of the entrance, is the extensive
JAbrarp of the Rhenith Society of Antiquarietf to the left are a Collection
of ahaii and a Cabinet of Coins.
The Poppetodorfer All^e (PI. B, A, 4, 6), the principal promenade
of the town, a quadruple avenue of beautiful horse-chestnuts, 1/2 M.
long , and flanked with handsome villas and gardens , leads from
the Kaiser-Platz , adjoining the Hof-Garten and the University,
towards the W. to the Poppelsdorfer Schloss. At the end next the
town it is crossed by the railway. Farther on, to the left, a little
back from the avenue, is the handsome Observatory (PI. B, 4),
erected in 1839-46 under the superintendence of Prof. Argelander
Cd. 1875).
The Poppelsdorfer Schloss (PI. A, 6), formerly a residence of
the Electors, erected In 1715-18 from the plans of Robert de Cotte,
-with an Interesting central court In a circular form, contains the
Natural History Collections of the University (open 9 or 10 to 1,
30 pf. ; free on Sun., 11-1, and Wed., 2-4). The Botanical Garden
adjoining the palace Is open on Mon., Wed., & Frld. from 2 p.m.j
the hot-houses on Wed. only.
Opposite the Poppelsdorfer Schloss rises tine Chemical Laboratory
(PI. A, 5), In fifont of which Is a statue of J. A. KekulS (b. 1829),
the chemist. Behind it are the Anatomy Btdlding, the Physiological
Institute, and the extensive buildings of the Agricultural Academy
(350-400 students).
Above Poppelsdorf, »/4 M. from the Schloss, rises the Kreuzberg (400 ft.),
a *Mt. Calvary' crowned with a conspicuous white church, ^t originally
belonged to a monastery erected by Elector Ferdinand of Bavaria in 1627,
and contains the ^Bolp Steps' of Italian marble (in the chapel behind the
altar), constructed about 1750. These steps, 28 in number, are an imitation
of the Scala Santa at the Lateran, and must be ascended only on the
knees. Beautiful view from the tower. r^^^^^T^
Digitized by VjOOv Lc
90 Boutel2. BONN. Rhine BHdge.
The promenade mentioned at p. 87 leads to a ferry (p. 81), near which
are the new Stadt-Park^ and the Stadfhalle, a large haroque pavilion, with
an open-air restaurant (p. 86).
Keuenich, a large village with pleasant conntry-honses, ahout iVs M.
from Bonn, is reached by a road diverging from the middle of the Poppels-
dorf Avenue to the left (PI. B, G, 4, 6, 6) and leading past the Frederick
WiUiam Hospital and the grounds of the Bonn Sporting Chtb (adm. free ; open-
air restaurant). On the slope of the Vorgebirge (p. 80), immediately above
it, rises the Rotentmrg, a small chateau with pret^ grounds. — The Venmt'
hmrg^ now renamed the Kaiaer-Wilhelm-Park, with a Monument to Emp. WO-
Uam I. (1897), is traversed by a number of pleasant walks ; the *Ca»seitrtihe
(restaurant; cabs, see p. 86) commands a charming *View of Oodesberg, the
Seven Mts., etc. The paths extend in the one direction, passing the Bis-
marck Tower (lOmin. from the Oa»seIsruhe), to Godesberg (p. 79), and in the
other through woods and the pretty Melbthal (upper part also called Engel-
Thai; rustic inn) to Poppelsdorf.
The Old Cemetery (PL A, 2), 1/4 M. from the Stemthor, is the
resting-place of many eminent men, chiefly professors at the uni-
versity, and is also worthy of a visit on accoant of its handsome
monuments, including a bronze memorial of the war of 1870-71.
By the wall on the right, Monument of Niebuhr (d. 1831), erected by
Fred. William IV. to his ^teacher and friend'; in front a relief in marble
by Ranch, representing Niebuhr and his wife, being a copy of an ancient
B^man tomb-relief preserved in the hall of the busts at the Vatican. Farther
along the same walk, on the right, the monuments of Emet von Behiller
(d. 1841), the second son, and Charlotte von Lengefeld (d. 1826), widow of
the poet. Near the circular space is the monument of the brothers Boie-
$erie^ the famous connoisseurs of art (Helchior d. 1861, Sulpice d. 1864),
a relief in marble with a head of Christ, by Rauch. The little (/Aaj^eHn the
middle of the cemetery, a graceful late-Romanesque structure, built at Ra-
mersdorf (p. 69) about the year 1200, was transferred thence to its present
site in 1847. It contains stained glass presented by the Boisser^es. Near
the chapel are the graves of Schumann (d. 1866), the composer (with a
'Monument by Donndorf, erected in 188()), of Argelander (d. 1^5), the astro-
nomer, Ddkimaim (d. 1860), the historian, Welcker (d. 1868), the archso-
logist, and Karl Simrock (d. 1876), the poet. The monument of the poet
Amdt (d. 1860) is close to the N. wall of the cemetery. By the 8. wall is
that of Baron Bunten (d. 1860) and bis wife. The Warriors' Monuwunt
for 1870-71 was designed by Kfippers.
The graceful *Ehine Bridge (PI. D, 2), built in 1896-98 from
the designs of Bruno Mohring and Prof. Krohn, is, perhaps, the most
beautiful lu the Rhenish provinces. It bestrides the river in three
arches, the central of which has a span of 615 ft. (^Niagara Bridge
840 ft.), while the total length is 1415 ft. The rich plastic decora-
tion is often of a humorous character (e.g. the so-called *Brilcken-
mannchen'). Over the flight of steps ascending to the bridge from
the RhlBb wharf Is a seated figure of Julius Oasar. though this was
probably not the spot where he crossed the Rhine (p. 77). The
bridge affords a fine view of Bonn and the Seven Mts. (toll 6 pf.).
At the end of the bridge, on the right bank of the Rhine, lies
Benel (Schippers, with large veranda, near the bridge), a station of
the railway on the right bank from Cologne to £hrenbreitstein
(p. 81). The station of the Broel Valley Railway (p. 66) Ues below
the bridge.
From Beuel to the church of SchwarM-Bheistdorf, see p.* 68. j
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
91
13. The Seven Hounteilis (Skhengehirge),
One day suffices to explore the most interesting points in this district,
unless the visit be for geological purposes. KSnigmointer (a station on the
Bight Rhenish railway, and connected through Mehlem, on the opposite
bank, with the Left Rhenish Railway; also a steamboat -station and a
station on the Zahnradbahn to the top of the Drachenfels and the Peters-
"bttfd is the usual starting - point, but Rhifndor/, Honne/y or Dollendor/y
stauons on the Right Rhenish line, may in some cases be more convenient.
The VertchlfnerungMverein fUr da» Stebengebirge^ a society founded in 1873,
with its headquarters at Bonn, has done much towards facilitating access to
the fine scenery of this district by the construction ot paths and the erection
of finger-posts and benches.
Walkers from Kifnigtwinter to the Drachenfelt take "A br. ; thence to
the Qreat Oelberg IV4 hr. , and to HeUterbach IV4 hr. more ; back to Kdnigs-
tointer in »/4 hr., or to Nieder-Dollendorf in V« l^*"* — From H<mnef to
the LHwenbwrg lv4 hr. ; thence to the Oreat Oelberg IV4 hr., and vi& HeUter-
bach to Kdnigswinter as above. In this case the Drachenfels is ascended
last, from Eonigswinter. — From Nieder-Dollendorf the excursion is the
same as the first-mentioned, but in the reverse direction.
Oarriages, Horses, and Donkeys at Mnigswinter, see p. 92 ; at Honne/y
see p. 82. The whole tour from K0nig$winter to HeUterbaeh and the Mar^
garethenhof (hence on foot to the Oelberg, Vs br.), and thence either
to the Drachenfelt or by the Lffwenburger Hof to Honnef may now be ac-
complished by carriage.
The heights given in the following description are calculated from the
level of the sea; the approximate height above the Rhine is obtained by
subtracting 160 ft. Geologists who understand German should purchase
Dr. von Deeften's ^Oengnostischer Filhrer in das Siebengebirge' (7 UK), or
Lcupeifrei ^Siebengeblrge am Rhein* (1901 ; 9 UK), both with maps, published
by Ouhen at Bonn.
The *SeveiL Mountains, wMcli form the N.W. termination of the
Westerwald district, extend 3 M. inland from the Rhine, and from
N. to S. about 9 M., Konigswinter being the central point on the W.
They consist of a group of peaks, cones, and long, rounded ridges,
some of which are covered with forest and luxuriant herbage. They are
all of volcanic character and consist partly of trachyte (DrachenfelSf
WoUceriburg, Lohrbergjy and partly of basalt , a more recent forma-
tion (Oelberg^ Nonnenstrombergj Petersberg), while the Loweriburg
Is of dolerite. These seven peaks, from which the mountains derive
their name, are seen simultaneously only in the neighbourhood
of Cologne ; as Bonn is approached, the L5wenburg is hidden by
the Nonnenstromberg. Besides these summits there are many
others, such as the conical Hemmerichj of trachyte, which overtops
the lower mountains of the S. side, and the Rosenau and Stenzel-
herg, which adjoin the Nonnenstromberg on the E. and N.E. Q^S^Af,
Konigswinter* — Hotels. On the Rhine: •Beblinkb Hop, R. 3-5, B. 1, l^^ao
D. 3, pensT from 7 J#, *EuaoPAi8CHKB Hof, R. from 21/2, D. 3, pens. 6-7 UK, ' ^
both opposite the pier, with garden-terraces; '^Monopol-Metropolb, a little
farther down, with lift, R. 2-10, B. 1, D. 3, pens, from 6 Jt; ^DtssSLkSiSSS^^
gaJK, still lower down, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 6-8 UK; *H6tel Mattbbn-
^ATiONAL, at the upper end of the town, Ha M. from the pier, with garden-
terrace, R. 2>/2-7, B. 11/4, D. 3-4. pens. 7 12 JK . Rhkinischkr Hop, R. & B. 2 UK,
Gebmania, both at the upper end of the town, well spoken of. — In
(he Main Street: Hot. Ribffbl; Hollandischbb Hop, by the church,
R. & B. 2 3UK; Teaubb : Bogkhallb ; WbstfAlischbb Elop; Lomuerzheih,
R. A B. 2-2V2, pens. 4 UK. — Near (he Station: Centbal, unpretending; Vic-
92 Route 13, k6nIGSW1NTER. The Seven
TOBiA. — For a stay of some time: HdTBL Maodalenbnbop, upstream, to
the left of the highroad, with terrace and grove, pens, from 41/2 Jf- —
Pensions: Villa Bohnen, next door to the Dusseldorfer Hof, very fair (4-6 Jt) ^
Rheineck; Kirch (B. A B. only).
Wine. *Baiinghausen^ on the Rhine, with a large garden-hall, D. (12-3
p.m.) from i^/tJtf Wimer-Verein or Vintager*' Society (p. 98), in the Kirch-
8tr., near the Draohenfels railway, Canno^ Bhein-AU^e 10, with garden
on the Bbine. — Beer at the Europdi$che Hof^ the Monopoly the Uiissel-
dorfer Ho/^ and at most of the smaller hotels (see above). — Caf6 and Oon>
fectioner: Mertens, in the main street, below the Roman Catholic church.
Zahnradbohnen, or Rack and Pinion Bailtoajft^ to the top of the Drachen-
felt (p. 93) and of the Fetertberg (p. 96). In summer there are 18 trains
daily, with accommodation for 50-lU) passengers \ fare to the top 1 Jfy down
50 pf. The ascent takes 10-12 minutes. The starting-point of the Drachen-
fels line is at the foot of the hill, a little more than 1/4 M from the station
of the Bhenish railway or the steamboat -quay; the starting-point of the
Petersberg line is V2 ^- ^0°^ ^^^ railway-station, and nearly 1 M. from
the pier.
Oarriagea. From the station to the town or to the Petersberg Station,
for 1-2 pers., one-horse 60, two-horse 70 pf. ; from the town to the Peters-
berg Station, 80 pf., 1 j$; each pers. additional 20 pf., hand-bag 10 pf.,
trunk 20 pf . — Drives in the environs, fares for 1-4 pers. (10 per cent extra
for each pers. additional): to the Draehen/els 4 or oVz Jf^ there and back
within 3 hrs., 5»/2 or V/tJf; Margarethenhof iy^ or BJf; Eeisterbaeh 3V« or
6 Jf^ there ana back 5 or V/tJtf Ldtoenhurg via Hargarethenhof 6 or
71/2 Jiy there and back (within 4 hrs.) 7»/« or 10 UT, via Heisterbach 7Va
or 10, there and back (SVa hrs.) 8 or 12 *# ; Peteraiberg via Heisterbach 6 or
8 Jl^ the same, returning vii Hargarethenhof (dVz l^rs.), 9 or 12 Ui^; Honnef
2 or 2V2 Ui^;* drive through the Seven Mts. vi& Heisterbach, Petersberg,
Hargarethenhof, L5wenburg, and Honnef (8 hrs.). with two horses, 16 jH.
Motor Launch to Bhondorf, 1-4 pers. 2Vs jU (each extra pers. 20 pf.),
to Bolandseck 4 UV (30 pf.), to Godesberg 2Vs •# C^O pf.), to Bonn 6 Jt
(90 pf.); per hour 4 Jl^ each >/« ^- i^^ore 1 Jl.
Omnibus (starting at the rail. Stat, and the Bhine) 15-18 times daily
to Rhdndor/ (p. 82; 20 pf.) and Honnef (p. 82; 30 pf.).
Koniaswinter (165 ft.), a thriving little modern town with 3800
inhah., is the Best starting-point for a visit to the Seven Moun-
tains, at the foot of which it lies, and is consequently thronged hy
tourists in summer. It possesses extensive stone-cutting yards, which
prepared much of the stone used in huilding Cologne Cathedral.
The railway-station lies at the lower end of the town , and beyond
its precincts. A pleasant wulk g^tftnHq along tha hank of ^]ifl Rhine.
At the upper end of the town are a War Monument and a monument
to Wolfgang MuUer of Konigswinter (1816-73), the Rhenish poet,
by Lessing.
AsoBNT OP THE Dbachbnfbls (carriages in waiting at the sta-
tion). The road crosses the railway and coincides for some dis-
tance with that to the Oelberg (p. 95); it then tuins to .thfi. right,
past several handsome villas , and skirts the Hirschherg (p. 94) to
the aiaddle between it and the Wolkenburg, where the road to the
Oelberg (p. 95) diverges to the left. It then passes a monument
erected in 1892 to H. von Dechen (d. 1889), the eminent geologist and
explorer of the Seven Mts. (p. 91), and ascends in a curve to the
terrace. — Walkers turn to the left on leaving the railway-station
(finger-post), follow the direction of the railway, and cross the road ;
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Mountains, DBAOHENFELS. 13, RouU. 93
after 5 min. the path joins that from the Rhine and reaches the
station of the mountain-railway (see below). — Other pleasant paths
ascend by the Saurenberg or through the pretty NachtigalUn^Thaly
quitting the Drachenfels road where it turns to the left, 200 paces
beyond the railway. The way through the Nachtigallen-Thal is that
to the left; after 5 min. it crosses a bridge to the right. At the
Kuckstein (see below), both unite with the bridle-path.
The traveller arriving by Steamboat passes between the two
chief hotels and to the left of the Church and District Court, crosses
the railway, and soon reaches the station of the Zahnradbahn, or
rack-and-plnion railway. Walkers follow the bridle-path on the side
of the rock next to the Rhine, leading in ^/^ hr., partly through
wood, to the terrace near the top. Several cabarets by the wayside :
(10 min.) Zur Sehonen Auasicht, on the right, and Zur Drachen-
burg, on the left ; farther on Zum Kuckstein (620 ft.), a little below
which our path is joined by that over the Saurenberg, and a little
above by that through the Nachtigallen-Thal (see above; recom-
mended to those returning to the railway-station). The path then
skirts the rack-and-pinion railway, passes the handsome Qothic
chateau of *Drachenbyira, the property of Herr Bottinger, built in
1883 by Tiishaus and Abbema, and elaborately decorated within
with paintings and other works of art, and ascends the wooded W.
slope of the hill to the terrace (8/4 hr. from KSnigswinter).
The easiest mode of ascending the Drachenfels, however, is now
afforded by the Racic and Pinion Ra^^.^tat (fares, see p, 92), which
ascends the hill in an almost straight line and approaches the top,
like the road, on the side farthest from the Rhine. Its length is
1662 yds. and its rise 740 ft. ; the steepest gradient is 1 : 6. The
viaduct halfway up affords a good view of the Drachenburg.
The Terrace (970 ft.; ♦Hotel, R. from 3, B. 1, D. 3 ulf ; post and
telegraph office ; concert on Wed. afternoon), a levelled rocky pla-
teau about 100 ft. below the summit, is embellished with a Gothic
Obelisk commemorating the patriotic spirit of the Rhinelanders in
the years .1813-15, designed by Zwimer and erected in 1857.
From the veranda of the inn a series of steps descends to the bridle-
path to Rhondorf (p. 82).
The castle of Drachenfels f 1 066 ft.), or 'dragon's rock', 4-5 min.
above the terrace, was erected by Arnold, Archbishop of Cologne, at
the beginning of the 12th cent. , bestowed by him on the Cassius
Monastery at Bonn in 1149, and held as a flef from the latter by the
counts of the castle. Henry, Count of Drachenfels (d. 1348), fur-
nished the chapter of the cathedral of Cologne with the stone for its
construction from a quarry which still bears the name of Dcymbruch,
or cathedral quarry. In the Thirty Years' War the half-ruined castle
was occupied by the Swedes , but was besieged and taken from
them by Duke Ferdinand of Bavaria, Elector of Cologne, who
completed its destructioi^. — - A Cavtm among the vineyards, about
94 BouUlS, HIRSOHBERG. The Seven
halfway up the hill , is said once to have housed the dragon y slain
by Siegfried, the hero from the Low Countries, who, having bathed
himself in its blood, became invulnerable (the wine grown here is
known as 'Drachenblut*, or dragon^s blood).
*yiew. The summit commands one of the noblest prospects on the
Rhine; to the E. are seen several of the seven peaks, S.E. the basaltic
heights behind Honnef, among them the Minderberg (p. 73), and the Hem-
merich (p. 91), sloping down to the Rhine. Immediately below lie Rhon-
dorf, Honnef, Rhcdnbreitbach, Unkel, and Erpel ; on the left bank Remagen
and the Gothic church on the Apollinarisbere, in the background the heights
of the Eifel with the ruin of Olbriick (p. 104), in the vicinity Oberwinter,
the islands of Grafenwerth and Nonnenwerth, and the arched ruin of Ro-
landseck. Farther to the right the Kreusberg, Bonn, and even Oologne
are visible. *The castled crag of Drachenfels
Frowns o'er the wide and winding Rhine,
Whose breast of waters broadly swells
Between the banks which bear the vine}
And hills all rich with blossomed trees.
And fields which promise corn and wine
And scattered cities crowning these.
Whose far white walls along them shine,
Have strew'd a scene which I should see
With double joy wert thou with me/
Byron (^Ghilde Harold').
The trachyte hill of the Wolkenburg (1086 ffrr>, to the E. of
the Drachenfels, was also once crowned by a stronghold, which has
long since been demolished to make way for the extensive quarries
which have been worked here for centuries.
The Hirscliberg(836ft.), crowned with a belvedere, commands
a beautiful view of the Rhine &nd the valley enclosed by the Seven
Mts. The footpath diverges from the road in the saddle between
the Hirschberg and the Wolkenburg, about 200 paces before the
point where the Drachenfels and OElberg roads separate, and reaches
the summit in Y4 hour.
F&OM THB Dbaohbnfbls TO THB Gbbat (Elbbbo (1^/4 hr.). The
carriage-road, which affords a series of charming views, diverges
from the Drachenfels road in the saddle between the Wolken-
burg and the Hirschberg (^595 ft. ; see p. 92), about 1 M. from the
Drachenfels, and then leads in windings along the Schallerherg ,
Oeisberg^ and Lohrberg to the saddle (1095 ft.) between the last
hill and the top of the (Elberg, where it is joined by the roads
from Konigs winter (1 V2 ^^'i ascent 2 hrs.), from Heisterbach (p. 95),
and from the Lowenburg (p. 96). On the saddle are two good inns,
the Margarethenhof sjid the *H6tel^ Restaurant Sophienhof (D. 2,
pens. 4-5V2 •^)- If l^^th are crowded, the traveller may follow the
road to the E. to (1 M.) Ittenbachj where accommodation may be
found at the clean little inn of Blesgen, adjoining the church.
At the cross-roads at the Margarethenhof are a cross with a re-
lief of St. Margaretha and the dragon (1641) and a flnger-post show-
ing the roads to the (Elberg, Petersberg, and Heisterbach. About
100 paces farther on is another guide-post, Indicating a footpath to
Mountains. HEISTERBAGH. 13, Route, 95
the top of the (Elberg. This path follows the road, which leads to
the basalt quarries (see below), for some distance, and then diyerges
again to the left. The top of the CElberg is reached in V2 b'*
The *Great lElberg (1520 ft. ; Restauranty plain) is a basaltic
cone which has been upheaved through the trachyte. The prospect
from the summit is the most extensive on the lower Rhine ; the pic-
turesque foreground differs in many respects from that seen from the
Drachenfels. The whole wooded tract of the Seven Mts. lies like a
map before the spectator; the Rhine glitters between the valleys
which intersect its banks, and its course may be traced as far as
Cologne; in the distance to the S. the Taunus, and N.E. the
heights' near Dusseldorf. The basalt quarries on the E. side of the
Oelberg are now the most important in the Seven Mountains, and
are interesting for the curious displacement of the basaltic columns,
which are visible to a height of 100 ft.
From the Gsbat (Elbbbo to Hbiste&bach (1 hi.). In descend-
ing, a few minutes' walk from the top, we reach a finger-post on the
path by which we ascended, indicating the way to Kdnigswinter
and Heisterbach. After 10 min. this path joins the road from the
Margarethenhof to Heisterbach (near the kilometre-stone 2.7). From
this road diverge, farther on, a footpath to Kdnigswinter, a road
* (below kilometre-stone 1.3) to the new hotel on the Roaenau
(1060 ft.l and a road (above kilomStre-stone 1) to the Nonnenstrom-
herg (1105 ft.) and the (1 M.) Peter sherg (p. 96). To the right is
the Sienzelhtrg (945 ft.), with extensive trachyte quarries. The
trains of the HeiateTbach Valley Steam Tramway (p. 81) stop when
required at the point where the road (short-cut for walkers) reaches
the Heisterbach Valley.
The venerable Cistercian Abbey of Heisterbach (475 ft.) is one
* of the most frequently visited points in the Seven Mountains.
The gate still bears the arms of the abbey, a Heister (young beech)
and a Back (brook) ; at the side stand St. Benedict and St. Bernard
as guardians. Of the magnificent abbey-church, erected in the tran-
sition-style in 1202-37, the end of the choir, with its slender ba-
saltic columns, is alone extant, forming a singularly picturesque ruin.
The abbey itself was sold and almost entirely removed in the year
1809. Some of the finest old German pictures in the Pinakothek at
Munich were brought from Heisterbach. In 1897 a memorial was
erected to the monkish author, Cssarius von Heisterbach (ca. 1170-
1240). The abbey-lands now belong to Count zur Lippe-Biesterfeld,
Regent of Lippe-Detmold (H6tel-Restaurant, very fair). — The
road passing Heisterbach terminates at (I72M.) DoMcndor/' (railway
station, p. 81).
Fbom HEiSTBaBACH TO THE Petebsbebo 0/t hr.). Ontside the gate we
follow the road ascending to the right till beyond the kilometre-stone 3,3,
where the tramway crosses the road, and then ascend the footpath to the
right (several finger-posts).
Fbom Heistebbach to Konioswintbb. A well^odden path
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96 KouU13. PETEBSBERG.
leads from the gate of the abbey to the left, and then along the slope
of the Petersberg, passing below the wire-rope railway which connects
the basalt quarries on the Petersberg with the road near DoUendorf,
through wood and finally vineyards , and reaches Konigswinter in
S/4 hr. [In the reverse direction, we follow the Drachenfels road
to a point 40 paces beyond the railway-crossing, where a finger-post
on the left indicates the way to Heisterbach.]
From KdNiaswiNTSB to thb Pete&sbebo. The starting-point
of the Zahnradbahn (rack-and-pinion railway, p. 92) is at the foot
of the hill, about ^2 M. from the Right Rheniah rail, station (follow
the railway to the left, cross it to the left by a broad road, farther
on to the left again ; comp. the Map). The line is 1330 yds. in
length and the average gradient is 1 : 5 (maximum 1 : 4). It ascends
at first through vineyards, and farther up is driven through the rocks.
The top of the *Peter8berg (1095 ft.), on which there are a
Chapel and a Hotel ^ BeOaurant (R. 2V2-6, B. IV4, D. 3, pens.
7-12 Jf\ affords, from the different points which may be reached
by a path skirting the margin of the extensive plateau, various
splendid views of the Rhine, the valley surrounded by the Drachen-
fels, Wolkenburg, Lohrberg, and Oelberg, and to the N. of the Lower
Rhenish plain with Cologne Cathedral and of the Bergisch hills.
On the way to Ober-Dollendorf, near the upper end of the Zahnrad-
bahn, and at varions other points, are remains ot an early-German stone-
wall that surrounded the summit of the Petersberg.
From the playground to the S.E. of the restaurant a finger-post shows
the way to Heisterbaeh, Lowenbui^, Konigswinter, and Draehenfels. The
path crosses the railway and then divides into several branches (finger-
posts).
The LfiwBNBuaa is usually ascended from Honnef or Rhondorf.
From Honnef there are two roads : 1. the new road vi& Hohen-Honnef
(p. 82), skirting the Fuchshardt and reaching the summit from the
W. ; 2. the older, and much longer, road through the wooded Schmel--
ter-Thal or Asbacher-Thaly then to the left through the Einsiedler-
Thai to the Lowenburger Hof in 2 hrs. — Walkers (l*/2 hr.) may
follow the footpath on the N. W. slope of the Fuchshardt (see above),
finally passing near the Augusthohe, or they may ascend from Rom^
meradorfy along the brook. At the second bench on the latter route
the shorter way leads to the right ; that to the left skirts the Brei-
berg (p. 97; finger-posts).
Fbom RhOndobp (p. 82 ; cross the bridge to the right of the rail-
way-station, then turn to the left through the village) a broad
bridle-path ascends through the narrow valley flanked on the N. by
the heights of the Wolkenburg, the Schallerherg (1006 ft.), and
Oeisberg (1080 ft.), and on the S. by the broad Breiberg (p. 97),
to the (174 hr.) Lowenburger Hof (1180ft.), a forester's house with
a restaurant (D. 2 uff ; also pension), whence the top is attained after
a somewhat steep ascent of 15-20 minutes.
The Ldwenburg (1505 ft.), a wooded peak of dolerite, is crown-
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LANDSKRON. 14, RouU, 97
ed with a view-tower, marking the site of an ancient castle, the
outer walls of which are still extant.
For the descent the beantlfol shady path may be recommended,
which leads from the Lowenbnrger Hof to the (Y2 lir.) Qroase Brei-
berg (1040 ft. ; •View). Thence in V2 ^' *<> ^^^ loft *<> Sonnef, to
the right to Rhondorf,
From the L5w£nbubo to the Gbeat (Elbbbg. From the
Lowenburger Hof a road, forming the continuation of the road from
Honnef, leads towards the N. along the £. slope of the Lohrberg
(1440 ft.). After 10 min. a finger-post on the left indicates the path
to the summit of the Lohrberg, which may be reached in 10 min.
(tower with view). The road reaches the Margarethenhof (comp.
p. 94) in 25 min. more.
14. VaUeyoftheAhr.
Comp. Mapi^ pp* 10^ 97. .
The Ahr rises at Blankenheifn (p. 208) in the Eifel, traverses a wind*
ing, picturesque, and generally narrow valley, 54 M. long, and falls into
the Rhine below Sinzig. The river is always rapid and often overflows
its banks in rainy weather. — The full-flavoured, dark -red wines pro-
duced by the vineyards of the Ahr (the best are those of Walportheim^ Ahr-
weileVy and Bodendorf)^ are still termed ^AhrbleieherVj although the name
signifies *pale red wine of the Ahr\ It was formerly customary, after
pressing the grapes, to draw off the juice immediately, before fermentation
set in. The wine thus prepared was of a pink colour. The French plan of
allowing fermentation to begin before the separation of the juice from the
skins has however long been in vogue, and the dark-red colour is the result.
Fbom Rbmaobn to Adbnau, 26 M., railway in about 2^/4 hrs.
(fares 3 ulf 40, 2 ulf 60, 1 ulf 70 pf.).
Bemagerij see p. 71. — The train describes a circuit round the
Victoria-Berg and enters the fruitful district at the mouth of the Ahr,
known as the 'Goldene MeiV. — 3 M. Bodendorf (Hdtel-Bestaurant
Cholin), a village about 11/2 M. from Sinzig (p. 79), the church of
which is descried to the left. Farther on we obtain a view to the
left of the wooded hills on the right bank of the Ahr.
The train now skirts the Landskron (910 ft.), a lofty basaltic
hill, which may be ascended in V2 ^^' either from Lohrsdorf (at its
S.E. base, I1/2 M. from Bodendorf) or from Heppingen (to the W.,
1^2 M. from Neuenahr). Extensive view.
The castle on the summit is said to have been founded in 1205 by
£mp. Philip of Hohenstaufen, when on his way to be crowned at Aix-la-
Chapelle. for the purpose of keeping in check the hostile Archbishop
Bruno 01 Cologne. It was destroyed by the French in 1677 and again in
1682 by Elector William of Cologne. The Chapel (closed) on the 8. W. side
of the summit has been spared^ a basaltic grotto serves as a sacristy.
Near it is a quantity of massive basalt, overlying columnar basalt.
At the W. base of the Landskron are the Heppinget' and the
Landshroner-MineralquelU J two refreshing springs, impregnated
with carbonic acid gas. The ApollinariBbrimneiL, a similar spring,
situated a little farther up the valley, was discovered in 1861, and
Baedbkbb's Rhine. 15th Edit. •j'iOOglC
98 Route 14. NEUENAHB. Ahr Valley,
is exploited by the Englisli Apollinaris Company Limited^ wMch has
made Apollinaris Water familiar throughout the world.
5 M. Eeimersheim (Mohren, at the station), with a small, but
handsome church which, with its octagonal tower over the centre of
the transept, closely resembles that of Sinzig. Choir richly adorned.
Stained glass of the early-Gothic period. — The bare patches in the
vineyards attest the ravages of the phylloxera, which here made its
first appearance in the Rhenish wine district.
6^4 M. Neaenahr. — Hotels (all well spoken of). On the right
bank of the Ahr: 'Cdb-HStbl, in immediate connection with the Bath
Establishment (see below), R. S-iVa, B. iV4, D. 3, board 6V4 Jt; *Gk. Hot.
Floka, E. 21/2-31/2, B. 1, D. 31/2, pens. 7-10 J(; Victokia; Concoedia,
R. 2V2-4, B. 1, D. 21/2, pena. 51/2-8 UT; Hbimbs, R. 2i/a-6, B. 1, D. 21/2. pens,
from 51/2 J(; Eaisebhof, R. 2-3, B. i, D. 21/2, pens, b^/z^ Jl ; Mabiahilf,
for Roman Catholics, pens. 3-6.^; Walbdrgisstipt, for Protestants, pens.
6-6 J(. — On the left bank of the Ahr, near the station : *Rhbini8CHEb
HoF, R. 2»/«-6, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 7-9 Jf; •Palast-Hotel , R. 3-10, B. 1, D. 3,
pens. 6-12 Jf, with garden and restaurant (see below); *Eabl Schbodeb,
R. 2-5, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 6-10 uT; Hop von Holland, R. A B. 31/2-4, D. 3,
pens. 6V2-8 Jt; Krone, R. 2-5, B. 1, D. 2Vs, pens. 6-10 UK; Tbaubb,
R. 2-31/2, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 61/2-8 J(; Kaiseb Wilhelm, with lift, R. from 2,
pens. d-'MJt; Geemania, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 3, pens 6-8 Jf ; Mabqabete Bonn 5
Kessleb) Stebk, R ^ B. 21/2, pens. 5 Jt; Goldeneb Ankeb^ Rbighsadleb;
GoLDENEB PFLDa. — Private apartments may also be procured.
Cafte. Bellevue, Johannitberg ^ both with gardens and view. — Restau-
rant. Pala»t-H6tel (see above), D. 2.4; Stem^ D. 11/2 Ui^[; and others. —
Wine Boom of the Winter- Verein^ near the station.
Carriages. From the station to the village, 1 pers. 60, each additional
pers. 30 pf. — For longer drives the chaises are usuaUy the same as from
Ahrweiler.
Post & Telegraph Oface, near the Cur-Hotel.
Physician, Dr. K. Qrube (speaks English).
Neuenahr, a flourishing modern watering-place, containing 2850
inhab. and visited by 11,500 patients yearly, consists of three formerly
separate villages : Hemmessen and Wadenheirrij on the left bank of
the Ahr, with the railway-station, the post-office, the Protestant,
and a new Catholic church, and Beul^ on the right bank, with the
old Roman Catholic church and the large and comfortable Bath
Establishment^ rebuilt in 1899. The water of the five copious thermal
springs (86-104^ Fahr.), which were discovered in 1854, is alkaline
and chiefly contains bicarbonate of soda, with an insignificant ad-
mixture of carbonate of magnesia and carbonate of lime; it is
strongly impregnated with carbonic acid. The most important of
all is the Grosse Sprudely discovered in 1861. It occasionally rises in
athick jet, 8-10 ft. in height. The springs are beneficial in cases of
chronic catarrh, derangement of the pulmonary and digestive organs,
enlargement of the liver, diabetes, and uric acid diathesis. The
climate of Neuenahr is admirably suited for lung-diseases of a non-
irritable nature.
A road near the Victoria Hotel and a footpath at the old Roman
Catholic church ascend to the top of the wooded basaltic hill which is
crowned with the scanty ruins of the Oaatle of Neuenahr, built by Otto
von Are about IS^. The Are family became extinct in 1353, and the castle
Ahr Valley. AHRWEILEB. Id. RouU. 99
then came into the hands of the Knights of Bodesberg, who afterwardi
assumed the title Count of Kenen-Are. It was destroyed in 1871 by Arch-
bishop Siegfried of Cologne with the help of the inhabitants of Ahrweiler.
The small tower at the top commands a fine view. — Other walks may
be taken to Semmetten and back , Vs ^^ > ^^ ^^^ Johannitberg (open-air
restaurant) and back, y^ hr.j to the HiltztiUl (Victoria-Hohe) and back,
*U hr. ; to the top of the Landskron and back, 2 hrs. ; to AhrweUer^ and to
the Calvarienberg (see below), and back, 11/2-2 hrs.
8 M. Ahrweiler. — Hotels. Stbrn, B. lVa-2V«, D. 21/2, pens. 6-6 UT;
Drbi Kbonen, B. lV2-d, D. 2-2 V2t pens. 41/2-5 Uif, with garden; Deutboheb
HoF. — Winter- Verein., near the Walporzheimer Thor.
Carriage Tariff. From the station to the town, 1 pers. 60, each ad-
ditional pers. 30 pf. *, to the Calvarienberg 1 J(^ each addit. pers. 40 pf. \
to Walporzheim^ Marienthal, or Neuena?ir^ one-horse (for 1-3 pers.) I'/s,
two-horse (4-5 pers.) 272 •^; to Altenahr 5 or 7 •#, there and back spend-
ing the whole day 10 or 13, passing the night 14 or iSJf; to the Laaeher
See 13 or 16 Jf^ there and back 17 or 22 J(,
AhrweiUr (340 ft.) is a thriving little town with 5100 inhab.,
surrounded by old walls with well-preserved gates, and carrying on
an active trade in wine. In the middle ages It belonged to the
Electorate of Cologne, and was repeatedly besieged during the feud
between the chapter of the cathedral, to which it adhered, and
the deposed archbishops. In 1646 and 1680 the town was besieged
by the French, hy whom in 1689 it was entirely burned with the
exception of ten houses. The Gothic Church of St. Lawrtnct^ found-
ed in 1245, dates partly from the 14th and the end of the 15th
century. — Pleasant walk from the station to Lantershofen. Fine
view from the Calvarienberg (see above), a rooky height V-i^- ^ ^^^
S., on the right bank of the Ahr, crowned with a Franciscan monastery,
dating from 1678, but occupied since 1838 by a girls' school managed
by Ursuline nuns. Another walk may be taken from the Calvarien-
berg vlsl the Steinthalskopf (good views) and through the QeUhach-
Thal and Heckenbach-Thal to (I3/4 hr.) Walporzheim.
The railway skirts the old walls of Ahrweiler on the S.
91/2 M. Walporzheim (St. Peter, with garden ; Deutscher Kaiser j
at the station ; St. Joseph or Winzer- Verein, good wine at all), a place
(380 inhab.) mentioned under the name of Walpredeshoven in a docu-
ment of 893, and long celebrated for its wine. This village lies at
the beginning of the narrower part of the Ahr Valley , which is
well-Buited for walkers as far as (2-21/2 hrs.) Altenahr.
The railway and road now enter a rocky ravine, flanked by jagged
and riven cliffs of slate ; on the left rushes the Ahr, on the right
rises an almost perpendicular black wall of slate-rook, from which a
single ridge called the ^Bunte KuK projects. At the top is a small
inn, which commands an admirable view , especially by evening
light, and may be reached in 72 ^^- either from Ahrweiler or "Wal-
porzheim. The railway crosses and recrosses the stream. On the
left bank , adjoining the road, are the ivy-clad ruins of the nun-
nery of Marienthaly near the hamlet of that name.
111/2 M. Demau (Brenig, KSlner Hof, hoth unpretending), helow
100 BouU 14. ALTENAHR. Mr Valley.
the railway-station. The valley again contracts, and the Ahr winds
through a wild, rocky district. The road follows the left bank of the
stream, passing opposite the precipitous cliff on the top of which
stand the fragments of the Saffenburg (845 ft.), captnred by the
French in 1702 and destroyed by the imperial troops in 1704. The
railway passes through a tunnel beneath the Saffenburg, orosses
the river, and reaches —
I3V2 M. Maysehoas (Inn of the Winzer-Verein, at the station). A
bridge leads to the village, which lies on the left bank. A path, com-
manding beautiful views, ascends hence to the top of the Horn (p. 101).
The railway once more crosses the Ahr. At the Loehmuhle
rV2 M. from Maysohoss ; Inn, very fair, B. & B. 2-3, D. 2-2 V2> pens.
4-5 Jf) both the road and the railway enter a deep cutting through
the projecting grauwacke cliffs of the Ouckley^ which may be ascended
by steps from this point -^ We next pass the hamlets of Loach and
Reimerzhofen , at the latter of which , 1 M. from the Lochmfihle,
pedestrians-should ascend a path through the vineyards to the right
to (^4 hr.) the "Weisse Erenz (p. 101 ; paths through the vineyards
are closed from the end of August till the middle of October). The
railway crosses the river beyond Laach, but, after ascending a steep
gradient, returns to the left bank by means of a bridge, 275 ft. long
and 56 ft. high, and side by side with the road enters a short tunnel,
by which the circuit of IYjM. described by the valley is cut off.
The river is again crossed before Altenahr is reached.
15 M. Altenahr. — Hotels. *Ca8pahi, B. A B. 2Vt-3Vs, D. 8, pens.
iyz-7 Ji; •RHE1NI8CHKR HoF, with garden on the Ahr, B. 4 A. IVa'SVsi
B. s/4f !>• from l>/s, pens, from 5 •#, both about 4 min. from the station ;
*Po8T, at the station, with small garden and view, B. A B. SV^i pens. 6 UK ;
Weissbs Ebeuz, R. lyr^yA^ B. "A, D. ±^^2^2, pens. i-S^/zJf; Hotel Pkhbion
Engelslet, at the foot of the JSngeUley (p. 101). — Rettaurant of (he Winzer-
Vereiny at the rail, station. — Permissions for trout- fishing in the Ahr are
issued by the Burgomaster.
AUenalir (345 ft.), with 630 inhab., situated amidst very pic-
turesque scenery, is the final goal of most visitors to the Ahr Valley,
and in summer, especially on Sundays, it is often unpleasantly
(crowded. The bridge, on the road from the station to the village,
commands a lovely prospect, both upstream and downstream ; another
good point of view is the Henlei, above the station. The prettily-
situated Romanesque church has a Gothic choir.
A broad path, beginning opposite the H6tel Caspari, ascends
to (8-10 min.) the *Cagtle of Altenalir (950 ft. ; adm. 50 pf.)* the
ruins of which are perched on a bold, jagged cliff, rising im-
mediately above the village. This was once the seat of the power-
ful Counts of Are and afterwards of the Counts of Hochstaden, of
whose elder branch Conrad, Archbishop of Cologne, the founder of
the cathedral of Cologne in 1248, was the last scion. The castle,
which is said to have existed as early as the 10th cent., was con-
siderably strengthened by the Electors of Cologne in the 14th and
«d by Google
Ahr Valley. BRUOK. 14. Route. 101
15th; It feU into the hands of the French In 1672 and again in 1690,
and was finally destroyed in consequence of the Peace of Utrecht
(1714). — The view from the Weiase Kreuz, on a rocky ridge to
the N. of the castle, on the footpath between Reimerzhofen (p. 100)
and Altenahr, surpasses that from the castle, as the latter itself forms
the foreground of the landscape. The ascent to the Weisse Ereuz
from Altenahr also begins with the broad path mentioned above.
Still finer is the view from the *Schwar%e Kreu%, on the height on
the right bank of the Ahr, opposite the castle on the S. (reached
from the rail, station through the vineyards in Y4 hr.). About
10 min. farther on is the Teufelsloch, a gap in the rocks, affording
a view of the Ahr deep below.
Another fine point of view i0 the *Horn (1S30 fk.). We follow the road
to C/4 M.) Altenbwrg^ then turn to the left, and, after 100 paces, take the
footpath to the right and ascend to C/4 hr.) the pavilion on the top. We
may retnm either to the E. via Loach (p. 106; IVs hr.), or to the S. via
Dmn and BrUek (see below).
Other points of view are the EngeUUy , to the S. of the castle (ascent
from the lower end of the tunnel through which the highroad passes, V^ hr. ;
inn; adm. 25 pf.)^ the KaleHbomer Hdh€ (inn), 3 H. from Altenahr on
the road to Meekenhetm (p. 903); and the Hasenberg (1590 ft.), near Ober-
KrdhUngen^ i^t M. to the N.W. of Altenburg. Near the latter, at Vellm.
are the hill of HoehthUrmen (1495 ft.) and the Heidmgarttn^ both surrounded
with basaltic blocks.
The railway continues to ascend the Ahr Yalley, crossing and
recrossing the river at the cliffs below the Teufelsloch (to the right)
and the hamlet ot Altenburg (to the left; see above). On a bold emi-
nence to the right, between the valleys of the Viicheler Bach and
Sarhaehy rises the chateau of Herr von Boselager, opposite which lies
the village of Kreuzberg (Wire's Inn). Once more returning to the
right bank, the train passes the village of Piitsfeld, and reaches —
17 M. Brucfc (Linden, poor), at the mouth of the Kesselinger-Thal.
In the KeaaeUnger-Thid, with fine rocky scenery, a road ascends to
(s/s M.) DetMj where the path from the Horn descends (see above), and the
path to the Hohe Acht mentioned below diverges to the S., and (2 M.)
Keueling. Here the road forks : to the right to Weidenb<ichy Hertehbach^ and
(5Vt M.; about 3 hrs\ walk from Briick) KaUenbom (Langenfeld's Inn);
.thence to the Hoke Aeht (see below), */*-! hr. — The footpath leading to
the S. from Denn, and ascending the Sennthal, another valley with pic-
turesque rocky scenery, is preferable. Farther on, it leads through mea-
dows and fine woods to the Hohe Worth (2050 ft. ; on the right) and past
the forester's house of Hohe Aeht (rfmts.) to the top of the Hohe Acht
(p. 102 ; about 3Vs hrs.).
The river is crossed and recrossed. — 191/2 M- Hormingen (Surges,
poor). Beyond Liers (3 M. up the Lierser-Thal rises the picturesque
ruin of Wenzberg) we reach —
22 M. Dumpelfeld , where the highroad forks , the W. branch
ascending the Ahr Valley, the S. branch that of Adenau.
The road that continues hence through the Ahr Valley leads by /nssJ,
the picturesquely - situated (2 H.) Schuld, the (2 M.) Lat{fenbacher Bo/
(inn), and Fuchsho/en to the (I/2 M.) Washolder Ho/ and (>/•! M.) Antweiler
(Brenig), a hamlet lying V4 H. to the N. of MUeeh^ on the road from Adenau
to Blankenheim. — From the last two we may ascend in IV4 hr. to the
top of the Areinbergt a baaaltic cone crowned with the ruins of the an«
102 Route 16, KRUFT.
eestral castle of the Dukes of Aremberg and a view-tower, fiO ft. high
(key kept by the burgomaster at Antweiler).
The railway and highroad now quit the Ahi Valley, and ascend
that of the Adenauer Bach, vi^ Nieder-Adenau and Leimbach,
26 M. Adenau (950 ft.; Eifeler Hof, R. A B. 2-2 V2, I>. 2, pens.
4-6 Jf; Halber Mond, R. i Jf 60, B. 80 pf., D. 11/2-2, pens. 4 Jf;
Krone ; Wildes Schwein')^ a district-town with 1700 inhab., on both
hanks of the stream. The parish-church, dating from the 11th cent.,
but subsequently completely altered, has a rectangular choir and a
late-Gothic carved high-altar.
l^ear the village rise the two highest peaks of the Eifel. About 4^2 M.
to the E., and reached by the new road up the Exhach-Thal^ is the *Hohe
Acht (2495 ft.), which commands an extensive view over the Eifel as far
as the mountains of the Rhine, and on the X. even to the cathedral of
Cologne. At the top is a small refuge-hut, the key of which is kept at the
forester^s (see p. 101), to the left, before reaching the top. — About 4V2 M.
to the 8. of Adenau rises the steep Nfirburg (2180 ft.), surmounted by a
ruined castle mentioned as early as 943, with a lofty tower (key at the
inn) commanding a fine panorama (ascent from Quiddelhach^ on the Kelberg
road, 3 H. from Adenau, turning to the left beyond the village, 25 min.;
or from Breidicheid by a direct footpath in l>/4 hr. ; comp. the Hap, p. 202).
Diligence from Adenau once daily to (10 H.) Kelberg (Pauli, fidr) and
thence to XJlmen (p. 206) and (20 M., in 5 hrs.) Cochem (p. 193).
15. From Andernach and from Brohl to the
Laacher See.
Railway to Krufl or Niedermendig ; thence on foot to the Abbey of
Loach (from Eruft, vi& the Krufter Ofen, in 2V4 hrs., from Niedermendig
in 1 hr.); then vift Wauenach, in IV4 hr., to Bad Tifnnisstein, a station on
the Brohl VaUey Railway (p. 103).
F&OM Andb&naoh to NiBDB&MENDia (Jfoym, Daun, OeroUtein,
see p. 207), 91/2 M. ; hranch-raUway in I/2 hr. (fares 1 ulT 20, 90 pf.).
Andernach, see p. 75. — 4 M. Plaidt; the village (360 ft.; ZiUlen)
has a handsome church. From the station we reach in Y4 hr. the
Bauacher-Muhle (Inn, pens. 3 V2~^ •^)i surrounded hy splendid trees,
where the Nette is precipitated over blocks of lava, forming a series
of small cascades. In the vicinity are extensive tufa-quarries (comp.
p. 103). On a rock rising abruptly from the Nette, 3/4 hr. to the left,
stands the ruin of Werr^rseck (660 ft.), with a well-preserved tower.
— The hills which are now visible on both sides of the line are all
extinct volcanoes : to the right are the Nickenicher Weinberg (736 ft.)
and the Krufter 0/'cn( 1538 ft.) ; to the left, the Plaidter Hummerich
(968 ft.), vdth its saddle-like summit, and the Korretsberg(^Sitt,'),
6 M. Knift (Auer), a village with 1600 inhahitants. A pleasant
road, soon contracting to a footpath, leads from the station to
(II/4 hr.) the Krufter Ofen (see above), which commands a good view
of the Laacher See and the Seven Mts. (descent to Laach, 1 hr.).
Farther on, to the left, in the plain, is the Frauen-Kirche , or
church of St. Oenovefa, where according to the legend the saint was
found by her hushand Siegfried, Count Palatine of pohenslmmeyn
y Google
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BROHLTHAL. 15. Route. 103
fd. 754). The churoh contains monuments of a married couple
(14th cent.), said to represent them. Nnmerons mineral springs
bubble np on the roadside, near the brook which crosses the road,
the water of which is now bottled and exported.
91/2 M. Niedermendig (Oute Quelle, Post, B. & B. 2-2 V2,
D. 1-2 Ufr, both very fair; Erholung, R. & B. 2-2Vo, D. II/4, pens.
4V2^; SehiiUenhof, R. 11/2-2, B. 1/2-3/4 uT, pens. 3-6 Jf), a village
with 3200 inhab. and an old church recently enlarged , containing
mural paintings of the 12th cent, stands upon a stream of basaltic lava
(probably ejected by the Hochstein), which yields admirable material
for millstones, paving-stones, etc. The quarries, which are more than
60 ft. under ground, and were probably once worked by the Romans,
are almost all connected. The roof is supported by massive pillars
left for the purpose. A*guide (1 ulf) precedes visitors with a torch ;
the inspection occupies an hour (overcoat desirable j. The deserted
galleries are used as beer-cellars on account of their low temperature,
to which the beer of Niedermendig chiefly owes its reputation. —
Continuation of the railway to Mayen and Oerolstein, see p. 207.
Fbom Nibdbbmbndig to Laaoh (p. 104), 3V2 M., by a dusty
road. Carriages meet the trains (4 Jf, with two horses 6 Jf). The
second half of the route, after the intervening hills have been crossed,
affords a charming view of the lake and the fine abbey-church.
Fbom Bbohl (p. 74) to Kbmpbnich, 15 M., narrow-gauge rail-
way in 13/4 hr. — The line ascends the Brohlthaly a deep winding
valley, enclosed by wooded mountains. On both sides are numerous
tufa-quarries, some of which are open, while others are driven like
mining-shafts into the hill. The extensive stratum of Tufa, 50-
100 ft. in thickness, which covers the floor of the valley and the
lower slopes of the hills, is, like the conglomerate stone mentioned
at p. 77, the result of showers of volcanic matter. When pounded
('trass') and mixed with lime this tufa possesses the invaluable
property of hardening under water, and it is largely exported to
Holland for the construction of dykes. — To the right, after 2 M.,
in the middle of the valley, rises the small castle of Sdiweppenhurg
(310 ft.), probably erected in the 16th century.
The Hbilbbunmsb-Thal, which diverges here to the S., contains the
Heilbrtmnen (385 ft.), a mineral spring similar to the Kreuzbrannen of
Marienbad. — The Brohl Valley generally, as well as the vicinity of the
Laacher See, abounds in mineral springs, impregnated with the carbonic
acid gas that Issnes from the Assures of the slate-rock.
2Y2 M. Bad TdnniBStein (410 ft. ; Curhaua^ very fair, R. from 3,
B- V^y pens. 5-6^2 •^)» t^e water of which, resembling that of
Selters, was collected in a tank as early as 1700.
The line now crosses the Brohlbach and, traversing a tunnel,
enters the broader part of the Brohl Valley. — 31/2 ^- Burgbrohl
(480 ft.; Traubey unpretending but good; Krone) , picturesquely
situated, with an old castle, restored in the 18th century.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
104 Route 15, LAAOHERSEE. From Brohl
Beyond (4^2 ^0 ^tiler, the well-fonned ancient crater of the
Bausenberg (1150 ft.) rises on the right. — 6 M. Nieder-Zissen
(Fuhrmann).
From Xieder-Zissen a road leada past the yolcanie peak (*/4 hr.) of
Herchenberg (1060 ft.), Oher-LiUtingm (25 min.), and (25 min.) Nieder-Lnu
tingen to (40 min.) the castle of BMineek (p. 74), where we reach the Rhine,
a walk of about 2»/s hrs. in all. — From Nieder-Zissen to JTeusnahr (p. 98),
about 12 H.
The next station Is (71/2 M.) Ober-ZUaen (750 ft), at the con-
fluence of several brooks forming the Brohlbach. On a lofty phono-
lithio cone on the right, 21/4 M. from Ober-Zissen, appears the castle
of Qlbrack (1550 ft.), one of the highest points in this district, with
an extensive view. The castle was destroyed by the French in 1689.
The key of the ruin is kept at Rademacher's Inn in Hain, the village
below the castle (1 M.). — The railway no-w ascends more rapidly,
with the Hannebaeher Lei and the Perlkopf (1930 ft.) on the right.
10 M. Brenk. To the right rises the ScheUkopf (1^76 ft). — 11 M.
Engeln, at the highest point of the line (1640 ft.), commands an
extensive view. — At (12 M.) Wei6«m (1330 ft.) are quarries of
hard grey tufa. — 15 M. Kempenich,
Visitors to the Laacher See quit the narrow-gauge line at Bad
Tonnisstein (p. 103). The road thence (13/4-2 hrs.) passes (V3M.)
the ruins of the (1.) Carmelite nunnery of Antoniusstein (hence the
corruption 'Tonnisstein'), and ascends to the right to (1^/4 M.)
Wassenaeh (915 ft. ; Porsch). About ^/^ M. above "Wassenach we
reach the wood (1150 ft.), where the road begins to descend towards
the Laacher See. On the right rises the wooded Veitskopf (^iSSO ft.),
a volcanic peak with a double crater opening on the W. , and a
broad, abruptly-inclined lava-stream. A path (guide-post) leads to
the left to the Lydia-Thurmj commanding a wide prospect. The road
to Laach skirts the lake and in Y2 ^^* reaches the comfortable
Hdtel Maria Laach (R. 2-3, D. 3 Jf),
The ^Laacher See (900 ft.) occupies a nearly circular basin,
12/3 M. in diameter and 5 M. in circumference, and is about 175 ft.
deep in the middle. It is the largest of the crater-like tarns of the
Eifel (p. 202), and, though not itself a crater, has doubtless been
formed by volcanic action.
The volcanic formations for which the Vorder-Eifel is remarkable
occur here in very great variety, and the lake itself has obviously been
the centra] point of the volcanic activity of this neighbourhood. It is sur>
rounded by five craters : the Veittkopf (see above), the Laacherkopf (ibOS ft.),
the LaacTier Rothehberg (1670 ft), the Thelenherg (1328 ft.), and the Kru/ter
Of en (p. 102). Upwards of forty aiflFerent streams of lava have been counted
in the environs of the lake. — The lake has no natural outlet, but in the
12-13th cent, an artificial shaft was formed, by which the superfluous water
was conducted to the Nette. This was re-opened and improved in 1842-44.
On the S.W. bank rises the Benedictine Abbey of * Laach,
founded in 1093 by Count Palatine Henry (d. 1096), once one of the
wealthiest and most celebrated in Germany. The abbey was sap-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
to LaacK LAAOH. i6. UouU. 105
pressed by the French in 1802, and from 1863 to 1873 it was in
the hands of the Jesuits, who established a school here for pupils of
the order. In 1893 it was restored to the Benedictines. The * Churchy
completed in 1156, with dome, transepts, two choirs, five towers,
and crypt, is a noble example of the Romanesque style, being
most impressive externally (p. xxviii). The upper parts of the
towers and the beautiful Porch in front of the W. facade (in Ibrm
of a cloister), restored in 1859, belong to the close of the 12th
century. The ornamental details are executed with wonderful deli-
cacy. The vaulting in the interior deviates from the usual style in
having its longitudinal sections in the nave no broader than those
in the aisles. In the W. choir is the monument of the founder,
a sarcophagus with a recumbent figure, beneath a hexagonal canopy
supported by columns , dating from the end of the 13th century.
The two front columns are monoliths of variegated calc-sinter, found
in the Roman aqueduct through the Eifel Mts.
On the E. side of the lake, nearly opposite the abbey, is a boilding
-of two stories, erected by the Jesuits. Kear it, about 20 ft. above the
water, is a ^mofetWy a hollow 7 ft. in width, and 3-4 ft. in depth, whence
a stream of carbonic acid gas (most perceptible in wet weather) constantly
issues. The suffocating nature of the lower strata of the air in this hol-
low may be tested by stooping down and attempting to breathe it.
A cart-road ascends from Laaeh vi& B^l (Oligschlager's Inn, with key
of the tower) to the (I'A hr.) view-tower on the OAnaehala (1873 ft.), com-
manding an extensive prospect of the Laaeher See, the Pellenz, the moun-
tains on the Rhine and the Moselle, and of Olbriick and the Seven Mts. to
the K. (in dear weather, the cathearal of Cologne is visible). From Bell
vi& Ohermmdig (Spitzlay, plain), with the Elisabethbrunnen , to Nieder-
mendig (p. 103) 1 hr. Interesting view to the right of the Ettringer Bellen-
berg (p. 207), the upper part of which resembles the section of a volcano.
16. Coblenz and its Environs.
The piers of the large Steamboats are below the bridge-of-boats. —
The Central Bailwat Station, opened in 1902, for all lines, ia on the
W. side of the town, at the foot of the Earthause, about IV4 M. from the
piers, and V2 M. from the Rhine Promenade. There is another station at
JBhrenbreitsUin (p. ill) for the trains of the Railway of the Bight Bank. —
Hotel-omnibuses meet the trains at the central station , and also some of
the steamers, but not the trains at Ehrenbreitstein.
Hotels. On the Rhine: *Giant (Rieee; PI. a), Belusvdb (PI. b), two large
houses of the first class; *Ankbs (PL c), R. 2-4, B. iV4, D. 3, pens. 7-9 Jl;
Tbaubb, Rhein-Strasse, very fair, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens, from 6 JK;
Victoria, opposite the bridge-of-boats, plain, R. i'/z-S »^- — ^n the Town:
*MoNOPOL (PI. f), at the corner of the Sehloss-Str. and the Lohr-Rondell,
with electric light and lift, R. 2V«-6, B. 1, D. 3; Wildbs Schwein (PL e),
. in the Plan, commercial, R. 1V«-3V2» B- i> D. 2^2 J(; Hotel db Treves,
in the Clemens-Platz, next the theatre (PI. 26); HStel db Ck>LOGNE, by
the Moselle bridge, R. IV2-2V2, B. 1, D. 21/4 UK, well spoken of; Enoels,
Schloss-Str. 34, K. & B. IVa-^Vz •^; Spsingbb, Lohr-Str. 66. — Penaiona.
English Lodge {Villa Germania), Mainzer-Str. 98, pens. 4V2-6 UK; E6UI Khein-
hof^ at Pfaffendorf, see p. 112.
Gaf^B-Bettaurants. ^JU^oaMpoI, at the Giant Hotel, with a fine view of
Ehrenbreitstein; 'Sl&dtisehe Festhalle (p. 109; wine & beer restaurant) ; at
the Hdtel de Trivee, see above, very fair ; refreshments in the * Trinkhalle^ on
the Bhine Promenade, military music in summer on Thurs. afternoons. —
106 Route 16. COBLENZ. Practical NoU,n,
Winn, *TUlmann^ near the Kanfhaus CP' 106), with a view of the Moselle;
Scheidy Frachtmarkt. — OMl-Ccuino (PI. 2), good wine; introduction by
a member necessary. — Beer. FramUtaner LHsfbrAu^ Fraruiskanery both
in the Gceben-Platz ; MUnchner mndl, Schlo8s-Str. 34.
Baths. Warm, Russian, Tuikish, and other baths in the new Resident-
had^ Caatorpfafifen-Str. 8. — Biver- baths in the Rhine, attached to the
bridge-of- boats (bath 50 pf.) and at the new swimming-baths (also for ladies $
warm baths) in the Rhine Promenade.
Post and Telegraph OfEoe (PL 22), at the comer of the Clemens-Platz.
Oarriagaa. Within the town-limits (including Ehrenbreitstein and all
the railway-stations): per Vi hr., 1-2 pers. 70 pf., 3-4 pers. 1 Jl; with two
horses 1 Uf , 1 Uif 30 pf. ; each V4 hr. additional, 50 pf., with two horses
60 pf. Double fare at night (11 -6 in summer, 10-7 in winter). Luggage
from 33 to 55 lbs. 25 pf., up to 110 lbs. 50 pf. BHdge Toll (32-29 pf.) extra on
crossing the river. — Drive to the Riiterstwx (p. liO) via the Laubach
4Vs or 6, there and back with 2 hrs\ stay 6 or 8 Uif; vi& the Eart-
hause, 7 A 10, or 10 A ii Jf; fort of Ehrenbreitstein (p. HI), or to the
top of the Asterstein , 4 or 5 , and back with 2 hrs\ stay, 6 or 7 Jl
(bridge-toll extra).
Local Steamers to Ehrenbreitetein (5 pf), starting opposite the end of
the Rhein-Str. (convenient for passengers by the Railway of the Right
Bank); to VaUendar (p. 84; 20 pf.), from the piers of the large steamers
twelve times daily; to the Rhine Promenade (p. 109; 15 or 10 pf.), Pf off en-
dor/ (p. 112: 15 or 10 pf.), Horehheim (p. 113; 25 or 15 pf.), Capellen (p. 113 ;
35 or 25 pf.), Obeildhmtein (p. 114 ; 35 or 25 pf.), Rhens (p. 115; 56 or 40 pf.),
and BraulxKh (p. 115; 60 or 45 pf.), from the *Hafen-Ciommi<<sariat% above
the bridge-of-boats, 6-12 times daily. — Moselle Steamers^ see p. 190.
Ele<^o Tramways. From the Bridge-of -Boats to the Central Railway
Station and the SehUttenhof (at the junction of the streets issuing from
the Mainzer Thor and the L6hr-Thor). — From the Qoehen- Piatt via the
Mainzer Chauss^e to the 8chUtzenhaus Q/a hr. ; 16 pf.) and thence in summer
to Capellen (p. 118; 25 min. ; 35 pf.). — From the Plan to LiUeel-Coblenz and
Ifeuendorf — From the former Lohr-Thor to Ehrenbreitstein viE the Kaiser
Wilhelm Ring (p. 109). and the Pfaffendorf Bridge (p. 109), 15 pf. — For
electric tramways in Ehrenbreitstein, see p. Hi.
English Church Service at 8 and ii a.m. and 6 (in winter 5) p.m. in
the English Chapel, 6oi^en-Str., X. end of Victoria-Str.
Principal Attractions (34 hrs.). Walk along the Rhine to the Emperor
William Monument and th^n past the Church of 8t. Castor to the Qoeben-
Plats; thence through the tree-shaded squares of the ^new town'*, passing
the Ropal Palace^ and along the Mainzer- ^^tr. to the Pappel-Rondell (p. 110);
here turn to the left, proceed to the Empress Augusta Monument^ and re-
turn to the town by the Rhine Promenade. Ascend the Ehrenbreitstein.
Cobleiu (200 ft), at the confluence of the Moselle and Rhine, is the
capital of the Rhenish Province of Prussia and the seat of the civil
and military authorities. Pop. 46,000; garrison 5000, Ehrenbreit-
stein not Included (see p. 111). Ooblenz carries on an important
wine -trade and manufactures large quantities of sparkling wine,
most of which is exported to England and the British Colonies.
Few towns on the Rhine can vie with Coblenz in beauty of situation,
standing as it does at the junction of two of the most picturesque*
rivers in Europe, and commanding charming views in every direc-
tion. Coblenz contains excellent schools, some of which are fre-
quented by English girls. There is also a Contervatorium of Music.
As the pure Latin form of its name (Confiuentes) indicates, the town
was founded by the Romans. The original casteuum was situated on the
height now included in the old town, to the S.E. of the Moselle bridge, but
the passage over the Moselle, which it was built to protect, seems to have
been usually made in the neighbourhood of the Deutsche Eck (p. 107)
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8t. Casto/i. GOBLENZ. 16. Route. 107
until the middle of the 3rd cent, of our era. The great military road then
reconstructed by Aurelian (270-275), which ran in the line now joining the Mo-
sel-Bahnhof and the Lohr-Str., intersected the town and crossed the Moselle
immediately I elow the present bridse, where numerons remains of a Eo-
man bridge-of-piles were discovered in 1864. The numerons Roman tomb'
stones that have been found on the highroad indicate that the population
was more civil than military. Although a FranKish palatium was erected
on the ruins of the Roman town a^ early as the 6th cent., Goblenz remained
a place of little importance down to the establishment of the Rhenish
Towns' Confederation (p. 166). In the Thirty Years' War it was alternately
besieged and garrisoned by Swedish, French, and Imperial troops. In 1688,
although the town was nearly destroyed by the French cannonade, Mar-
shal Boufflers was compelled to retreat without effecting an entry. On
the completion of the palace in 1786 Gojblenz became the residence of
the Elector of Treves, but a few years later (1794) it was taken by the
French, who in 1796 made it the capital of the Department of the Rhine
and Moselle. In 1815 it became Prussian. It was subsequently converted
into one of the strongest fortresses on the Rhine, bat since the peace of
Frankfort it has occupied a secondary rank as compared with Mayence,
Cologne, Strassburg, and Mets. Since 1890, when the demolition of the
town-walls was begun, a new town as large as the old has sprung up
outside the old gates.
A broad quay, affording a fine view of the busy stream, Ehren-
breitstein, and the Asterstein, runs along the side of the town next
the Rhine to the ^Deutsche Eck\ the point of land between the
Rhine and the Moselle, so called from a former Teutonic Lodge
(^Deutschordenshaua ; PI. 4), now occupied by the provincial archiveB.
Upon this point, which is now about 12 ft. above the normal water-
leyel, rises the imposing **Monument of Emp« William I., erected
by the Province of the Rhine and designed by Bruno Sehmitz. The
copper equestrian figure of the emperor, 45 ft. in height, accom-
panied by a Genius (30 ft. high) bearing the laurel* wreathed im-
perial crown, is by Emil Hundrieser. The whole is supported by an
architectural basis of great merit. This is one of the most impressive
purely personal monuments in the world, and dominates the land-
scape in all directions. A specially fine view of it is obtained from
the steamers ascending the river.
The Chnrch of St. Castor, founded in 836, dates in its present
form chiefly from the end of the 12th cent., and was consecrated in
1208. It is a Romanesque basilica with four towers, terminating in
a semicircular apse adorned with a gallery of small columns, and
presents a picturesque appearance from the quay. It has recently
been well restored. The nave is roofed with rich Gothic groined
vaulting, which was substituted in 1498 for the originally flat ceil-
ing. To the right, in the choir, is the Gothic Monument of Arch"
hiahop Kuno von FaUcenstein (d. 1388; see p. 119).
To the W. of the church stands the Oastob-Bextnnbn (Br. on
Plan), erected in 1812 by the last French prefect in commemor-
ation of the French campaign against Russia. The Russian general
St. Priest with exquisite irony added the words : ^Vu et approuvS
par nous Commandant Russe de lavillede Cohlence. Lel.jan. 1814\
-- The Oastorpfaffen-Str. leads hence to the S, to th^ Rhein-Str
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108 BouUie. GOBLENZ. MoselU Bridge,
(see below), whence it is oontinued by the Garmelitei-Str. to the
Olemens-Platz (p. 109).
In the middle ages and until the Idth cent., the greater part of
the town lay on the Moselle ; but the narrow, orooked streets of
that period which are still extant present few features of interest.
The FlorinS'Kirche (PI 14), of the 12th cent., with Gothic choir, has
been used as a Protestant church since 1818. Adjacent are the so-
called Kaufham (PL 12), bnilt in 1479 as a town-haU and now a
school, and the Schoffenhaus^ built in 1530 and fitted up in 1891 as
a museum, containing chiefly Roman and Prankish antiquities (open
free on Sun.. 11.30-1 ; at other times on application to the custodian
of the school). A flight of steps leads to the Moselle Quay, afford-
ing a good view of the pretty oriel window of the Schoffenhaus. —
The Church of Our Lady^ or Oberpfarr-Kirche (PL 17), finished in
1431, with Romanesque nave and Gothic choir, marks the highest
point of the Roman castrum.
The Mgff^lle Bridge^ which leads to Liitzel-Goblenz, was erected
by Elector Baldwin about 1344, restored in 1440, and widened in
1884. It commands a fine view of Emp. William's Monument and
of Ehrenbreitstein. — The lofty turreted building adjoining the
bridge on the S.E. is the ancient Burg (PL 1), or Electoral Palace,
built in 1276, and recently acquired by the town for administrative
offices. The entrance is in the Burg-Strasse, on the S. side.
A stone spiral staircasg. dating from 1557, ascends to the first floor,
on which TsTtiie Muni'eipcifPi^ure Gallery (chiefly Dutch masters of inferior
importance ; open free on Sun. 11-1, at other times 25 pf.).
On the left bank of the Moselle here are the houses of LUttel-Coblenz
and the Petertherg^ an eminence crowned by Fort Franz. At the E. base
of the fort , 1 M. from the Moselle bridge, but somewhat difficult to find
on acconnt of the construction of a lart^e goods-station, risen a blunted
pyramid of lava to the memory of Oenerai MarceaUf who fell at Alten-
kirchen in 1796, with a long French inscription Ctoldat A 16 an»^ ff4neral
d 22 ans''). His monument and remains were originally on the hill, but
on the construction of the fortificaUons by Fred. William III. were re-
moved to their present site. Byron's lines —
*By Coblenz on a gentle rise of ground,
There is a small and simple pyramid,
Crowning the summit of the verdant mound j
Beneath its base are hero''s ashes hid.
Our enemy, — but let not that forbid
Honour to Marceau!' Ac.
refer to the monument in its original position. In 1889 the remains of
the valiant general were exhumed and transferred to the Pantheon at Paris.
The busy RnsiN-STaASSB leads from the river to the Goebbn-
Platz, in which rises a Statne of General von Goeben (1816-80),
a distinguished commander in the wars of 1864, 1866, and 1871.
The sculptor was Fr, Schaper. — The W. continuation of the Rhein-
Str. leads to the small Jesuiten-Platz, with the StadthauSj formerly
a Jesuit College, on the S. side. A bronze statue in this square, by
TjQhues, commemorates Johannes MuUer (1801-58), the physiologist.
The Post-Strasse leads from the Goeben -Platz->paBt the Bott
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Valace. COBLENZ. 16. Route. 109
Office (PI. !2!2) to the Clbmbns-Platz, which is embellished with
an ObelUky oommemoiating the construction in 1791 (hy the Elector
Clemens Wenceslaus) of the first aqueduct supplying the town with
water. — The road to the E. leads to the Rhine Promenade (p. 109).
Between the Glemens-Platz and the site of the former Mainzer
Thor, to the S., extends an open space, known as the Tarade-
Platz', planted with trees and flanked on the E. side hy the former
electoral stables (now artillery-barracks) and the palace.
The Palace, a large building with a lofty Ionic portico, was
erected in 1778-86, from the designs of the French architects
Ixnard and Pei/r«, for Clemens Wenceslaus (p. 183), last Elector
of Treves, and occupied by him till 1794.
After the French occupation it was devoted to military purposes. Fred-
erick Willian IV. of Prussia restored it in '1842-45. The groundiloor of
the S. wing was assigned us the official residence of the civil goremor of
the Rhine province. In 185(Wi8 it was occupied by the Prince of Prussia
(afterwards Emp. William I.) when military governor of the Rhine province
and Westphalia. The Empress Augusta annually spent a part of spring and
autumn here until her death in 1890.
The RoTAL Apartments are on the first floor (visitors ring for the
castellan in the lower corridor of the N. wing) ; open on weekdays 10-6 A
Sun. 11-6 (in winter till 4), adm. 25 pf., free on Sun. and Wed. before 1 p.m.
The ceiling painting (Night and Homing) in the Reception Room is one of the
chief works of Januarius Zick (1783-97), court- painter to the Elector of
Treves. The Gobelins Room contains tapestry said to have been presented
by Louis XVI. to Frederick the Great. In the Eleeton' Room are portraits
of Electors of Treves, from Richard von Greififenklau (1511-81) to Clemens
Wenceslaus (176S-1802); also memorials of various kinds from ttie period of
the electors and later.
Near the site of the old Mainzer Thor, on the left side of the
street, rises the Stddtische Festhalle (1901), with an elegant caf^-
lestaurant on the groundfloor, a concert-hall, and extensive wine-
cellars. To the right begins the broad new Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring,
which ends at the old Lohr-Thor, beside the new Herz-Jesu-Kirche,
— To the left is the approach to the pfaffendorf Bridgg over the
Rhine, built in 1862-64, an elegant structure or three Iron arches,
each with a span of 106 yds., commanding a beautiful view (toll
2 pf.). Originally a railway-bridge, the structure is now used only
for ordinary foot and carriage traffic and for the electric tramway
(p. 106). A flight of steps descends to the Rhine Promenade.
The new quarters of the town begin beyond the Festhalle. The
Mainzeb-Strassb (electric tramway), the main artery of traffic, is
flanked with tasteful villas and other houses and passes the Roman
Catholic church of St. Joseph, built in 1896-98. The side-streets
on the left lead to the Rhine Promenade.
The beautiful * Rhine YTomeTULdejRhein-AnlagenJ^ extending
along the river, to the ^. ol tne Jinine quay (p. 107), for about 1 1/2 M.,
and passing behind the palace, was tastefully laid out under the
auspices of the Empress Augusta (d. 1890). Immediately above the
passage under the Pfaffendorf Bridge (accessible hence by a lofty
Iron ftaircase, see above) is a bust of the poet Max von Schenkendorf
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110 Route 16. COBLENZ. Environs
(b. 1783), who died at Coblenz in 1817. Farther to the S. is the
Trinkfialle (p. 106), which contains a few memorials of the Empress
Augusta. A route leads hence direct to the Central Railway Station.
An inscription records the enthusiastic reception which the King
and Queen of Prussia received here in July, 1870, after the events
at Ems which led to the outbreak of war with France. A little
farther on is the tasteful *Monument to the Empress Augusta, with
a statue by K. F. Moest. Behind is a station (Pappelrondell) of the
electric tramway (p. 106).
The grounds end opposite the island of Oberwerth (p. 112), at the
point where the Berlin and Metz railway crosses the arm of the river
between the island and the mainland by an embankment. The
Horchheim Railway Bridi|[e. which spans the wider arm of the
river, between Oberwerth and the E. bank, was constructed by
Altenloh in 1877-79, and is 1300 ft. long. It consists of three wide
brick arches, and of two light and elegant iron arches, each with a
span of 350 ft. Except at night and in dense fog, it is open to
pedestrians, who enjoy from it an admirable *View in all directions.
The bridge reaches the E. bank IV2 M. above the bridge-of-boats at
Coblenz. — The railway-station of Horchheim (p. 113) is situated at the
upper end of the village, 1/2 M. from the bridge.
Beyond the embankment, about 1^/4 M. from the former Mainzer
Thor (p. 109) by the Mainzer-Str., is the mouth of the small valley
of the Lauhhach (comp. the Maps, pp. 105, 112), in which is a health-
resort. A road, ascending to the left at' the entrance to the valley by
the Oeisenkopfcfien, leads in 25 min. to the Rittersturz, which may
also be reached in Y4 hr. by a shorter footpath diverging to the left
The *Bitter8tiirz, a hill laid out with promenades (restaurant and
tower), commands a beautiful view of Coblenz and Ehrenbreitstein,
Lahneck, Marksburg, and Stolzenfels.
The walk may be prolonged to the S., either to the right to the top
of the Eiihkopf (see below), or to the left along the slope to the (20 min.)
*Dommelberg, with a platform commanding a finer view than that from
the Bittersturz. Three prehistoric stone circles on the slope ot the Dommel-
berg and other discoveries point to the existence in this neighbourhood of
a considerable Celtic settlement, which remained until the Roman period.
The summit of the Eiihkopf (1230 ft.) is reached from the Bittersturz
in */4 hr. by following the above-mentioned path through wood, finally
crossing the HunsrtLck road (IV4 hr. from Coblenz). It commands a beau-
tiful and extensive view of the Rhine and the Moselle, with the volcanic
summits of the Eifel (left), and the mountains enclosing the valley of the
Rhine. — Prom the Eiihkopf we reach Capellen (p. 112) in 1 hr. by re-
turning to the Hunsriick road, following it to the right for a short distance,
and then diverging to the left by the road (guide-post) passing Schloss
Stolzenfels (p. 113). A surprising number of Celtic and Roman remains
have been discovered on the *Pastors-Pfad^ (path from Capellen to Waldesch).
which crosses the last-mentioned road. Among4]iese are distinct traces 01
a temple of Mercury ; the hand of the colossal statue, with tortoise and
serpent, is preserved in Schloss Stolzenfels. — Winningen (p. 191) is reached
from the Eiihkopf via Renutecien and the Conder-Thal in IV2 hr.
The Karthause (so named from an ancient Carthusian monastery),
a hm rising to the W. of the CerUrctl Station, is crowned by forti-
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of Collenz. EHRENBKEITSTEIN. 16, Route, 111
flcations. On its N. slope is the picturesque Cemetery^ where repose
the remains of Max vonSehenkendorf (p. 109), Karl Backer (1801- *
59 J on the slope above the chapel), and Gen. von Ooeben (p. 108).
Ehrenbreitfltein and Asterstein.
YUitors, foreign officers excepted, are admitted to the fortress of
Bhrenbreitstein between April 1st and Kov. 16th. The walk from Coblenz to
the summit and ba^k takes 2 hrs.; carriages can ascend to the top (p. 106).
The excursion to the Nellenkopf (p. 112) requires about 2V2-3 hrs. (there
and back), the visit to the Aiterstein (p. 112) IV4 hr. No permissioif ne-
cessary for either.
Ehrenbreitstein is a station of the Bailway of the Bight Bank (p. 94).
— Electric Tramways (main station near the railway-station and the pier
of the Coblenz steamboats , p. 106) run to Vallendar (p. 94), Niederlahn-
atein (p. 106), Arenburg (p. 112), and also via the Pfaffendorf Bridge to
Coblenz (p. 106).
A Bfidge-of -Boats (toll 2 pf., one-horse carr. 22, two -horse
29 pf.), about 400 yds. in length, connects Coblenz with iChal-Ehren-
breitstein, on the right bank of the Rhine. As the bridge is often
opened to allow vessels to pass, passengers in a hurry to reach the
station of the Right Rhenish Railway will generally do better to take
the steam-ferry (p. 106). The bridge affords a charming promenade
in the morning and evening.
^3&^^£li£QS^i:£itstei9.(£rdt. zumKwpiriten^ with restaurant, very
fair, R/2-3 Ulf,^. 75 pf.) is a small town with 5300 inhab., prettily
situated in a valley between the Ehrenbreitstein and Asterstein.
The Kirch- Strasae^ beginning at the bridge, ascends to the Schutzen-
burg, a castellated modem villa. — In the Hof-Straaae^ to the left,
is the Kurfursten Hotel, once occupied by M. de La Roche, chancellor
of the electorate of Treves, to whom Goethe paid a visit in •J1774.
The tramway-station is close by. Farther on are theRttilway Station
(left) and the large court of justice and residence (right), erected
by the Electors in 1747, now in part a Provision Magazine (PI. 27).
About 200 yds. beyond the railway-station we diverge to the
right from the road descending the Rhine and ascend the hill ( V4 hr.),
where, at the last gateway, the cards of admission are issued (50 pf.).
Visitors are conducted to the point of Tiew by a sergeant.
The *Fortre8i,oi Ehrenbreitateyi rises opposite the influx of the
Moselle, 385 ft. above the Rhine, on a precipitous rock, which is
connected with the neighbouring heights on the N. side only. The
view embraces the fertile valley of the Rhine from Stolzenfels to
Andernach, and the volcanic peaks of the Maifeld and the Eifel
(p. 102). Far below are the Rhine and Moselle, and between them
the Emp. William Monument and the triangular town of Coblenz. —
The present fortress, built in 1816-26 by (jeneral von Aster, succeeds
a very ancient stronghold of the Electors of Treves, which was fre-
quently enlarged in the course of centuries. It played an important
part in the Thirty Years' War, and in 1799 it was taken by the
French after a gallant resistance. ^ I
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112 RouU 16. ASTEBSTEIN.
A more imposing (though not so easily accessible) view is com-
manded by the Nellenkopf , the N. spur of the Ehrenbreitstein plateau,
which may be reached by following the Charlotten-Strasse and ascending
the valley to the back of Ehrenbreitstein , farther on (at the kilometre-
stone No. 1) to the left, past Neudor/; at the top, we cross the drill-
ground to the open space in front of the fort (about >/4 hr. from the
bridge-of-boats). — For the return, we may choose the pleasant walk via
(30 min.) Urbar (Moskopp's Inn, with view of the Rhine valley and the
Eifel hills), whence we descend to the road skirting the Rhine (to Ehren-
breitstein, 72 lir.). •
Tort AflterBtein, situated on the hill to the S. of Ehienhreitstein,
also commands a fine view. A projecting teirace towards the Rhine
bears an Obelisk in memory of the soldiers of the 8th army-corps
who fell in the campaign of 1866.
The hill on which the obelisk stands may be reached in 20 min. from the
bridge-of-boats. After crossing the latter we proceed in a straight direction
to the end of the Eirch-Strasse (p. Ill) and follow the road to the right
below the SchtLtsenbux^ (p. ill). Where the road turns to the left, a
shorter route ascends by the steps to the right, crosses the road which
leads up from the ^Promenade', and again ascends by steps. Halfway up,
the Ca/i Jtheinlmt, and beyond it the Luisenthnrm are passed. We then
follow the road to the summit. — A road descends to the left to Pfaflfen-
dorf, intersecting the fortification on the Olockmherg. We may follow the
footpath diverging from it on the right, beyond the Victoria- Garten (garden-
restaurant), and then descend the steps.
The road which ascends the valley at the back of the fortress of
Ehrenbreitstein leads by Niederberg to (2Vs M.) Arenberg (Rother Hahn^
with belvedere*, Schdne Atuticht), a village with a large new pilgrimage-
church, a 'Herz-Jesu* chapel, a ^Mount of Olives*, etc., reached by electric
tramway (p. Ill) in 20 minutes. — At IfeuMusa, 3 M. farther on, by the
Uontabaur road, a prehistoric settlement was unearthed in 1899-1901. —
The road diverging to the right beyond Arenberg passes a forester^s house
(rfmts.) and leads to (4Vs M.) Ems (p. 212).
^^/ziSlf^y^T^'^ 17. The Rhinefagm Coblenz to Mayence.
Steamboat in 7V2 (down in 41/4) hrs. ; piers at Oberlahnstein, Boppard,
St. Goar, Bingen. Biidesheim, Eltville, and Biebrich^ small-boat stations
Capellen, Braubach, Camp, Hirzenach^berwesel, Gaub, Bacharach, Lorch,
Geisenheim, Oestrich, and Walluf. — From Goblenz to Bingen both banks
are Prussian.
Distances: Coblenz to Capellen 4, Rhens 2, Niederspai (opposite
Braubach) IV2, Boppard 4Vs, Salzig 3, Hirzenach 2V4, St. Goar 3»/4, Ober-
wesel 5Va, Caub 3, Bacharach 1V«, Rheindiebach !>/«, Lorch (Uiederheim-
bach) V4, Rheinstein 3»/4, Bingen 3, Geisenheim 3, Oestrich 3, Eltville 4,
Walluf 3, Biebrich 2, Mayence 4, total distance 59 M. — Railwat on
the Left Bank, see R. 19 ; on the Right Bank by Oberlahnstein and Riidesheim
to Wiesbaden in 2>/4-3Vs hrs., see R. 20. — Oomp. p. 68.
Beyond the bridge-of-boats the steamer passes the palace on the
right, and then steers under the old Bridge (p. 109). On the right
extend the beautiful promenades of the W. bank, opposite which is
the picturesque village of Pfaffendprf (Bheinhof, with garden, R.2-3,
pens. 41/2-6 Jf), 8/4 M. from the station of Ehrenbreitstein (local
steamer to Ooblenz, see p. 106).
On the right, a little farther on, lies the island of Obenverth,
which is connected with the W. bank by an embankment and with
the E. by the HorchheUn^ai^tofl^ Bridge (p. 110), below which the
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STOLZENFELS. 17. Route. 113
steamer passes. Beautiful retTOspect as the vessel passes the upper
end of the islaud. To the right are the tower on the Bitterstun
(p. 110) and the view-platform on the Dommelberg^ behind which
rises the wooded Kuhkopf{ip. 110).
The vineyards of (1.) goroj^i^l)^ (Holler's Garden Restaurant)
produce good red wine ; the plain between this village and th^-mouth
of the Lahn is remarkably fertile. — (1.) NICflfTM^rt**^" (^Douquij
on the Lahn, with garden, R. & B. 2-21/2, pens. 4-41/2 Jf^ good
cuisine ; Sartori, also on the Lahn ; Strassburger^ at the station),
on the right bank of the Lahn (4200 inhab.), is the junction of the
Railway of the Right Bank, the line to Ooblenz, and the Lahn railway
(RR. 20, 27), but is not touched at by the steamer. From the road
ascending the Lahnthal a path diverges to the left, passing several
shrines, to (^2 ^^0 ^^^ memorial church on the top of the Alter-
heiligen-Berg, which commands fine views of the valleys of the Lahn
and the Rhine. Below Nlederlahnstein, at the mouth of the Lahn,
stands the solitary late -Romanesque Church of St. John^ partly
destroyed during the Thirty Years* War. The Lahn is crossed near
its mouth by an unsightly railway-bridge, and by another for the
traffic of the road (toll 2 pf.).
r. Capellen. — Hotels. *BBLLsyDE, with garden, B. 2Vs-4, B. 1, D. 3,
pens. 6-8 rif.* ^'Stolzbvfels, similar charges*, Lahitbck, B. from iVz, pens,
from 41/3 Ul, well spoken of.
Donkey to the Castle of Stolzenfels 80pf.{ there and back 1 UT aOpf.
Local Steamboat to Oberlahnstein (20, 10 pf.), starting above the
ftation; to Goblens, see p. 106.
£leetric Tramway to Coblens, see p. 106.
f^^He^Sa^ & village consisting of a single row of houses facing
the railway-embankment and the river, lies at the foot of the wood-
ed hill which bears the royal chUeau of Stolzenfels. The chllteau
is approached by a winding road of easy ascent (1/4 hr.), crossing a
viaduct. Beyond the Klause (stables), a drawbridge is crossed and
the castle entered.
The *C^stle^^^StcaM (310 ft. above the Rhine), with a
pentagonaTtoweTlWft. higb, was built on the site of an older for-
tress by Arnold von Isenburg, ArchbislKTJT of Treves, in 1242-59,
and was frequently a residence of the archbishops. In 1689 it was
destroyed by the French . Frederick William IV. , when crown-prince,
caused it to be rebuilt in 1836-42 from the designs of Schinkelj
StiUerj and Peraius, and embellished in the romantic taste of the
period. It now belongs to £mp. William n., and is open to visitors
from 10 to 12 and from 2 to 7 (adm. 25 pf.).
On entering the court, we turn to the right to the tower at the S. angle.
While waiting for a party to assemble we eigoy a magnificent "View,
extending from the Harkfburg to beyond Goblens; in front are the two
Lahnf teins and the Castle of Lahneck. — Among the frescoes in the interior
maj be mentioned those in the Chapel (Biblical scenes) by E. Deaer
(18o3-67; p. 72), and those in the Kleine Rittersaal, by Stilke (1842-46),
illustrative of the principal attributes of chivalry. There are also numerous
other ancient and modern works of art.
BABDBKBE*g Rhine. 15th Edit. DgtzedbyfeiOOgle
114 Route 17, OBERLAHNSTEIN. From Cohlens
About 2 M. above Stolzenfels a patb diverges to the rigbt from the
Sehlossweg, leading to the Augusta- Hdhe and O/s M. farther) the top of the
Sasenberg^ two points (refage-huts) commanding a fine view of Stoljcen-
fels and the valley of the Rhine (there and back 1V4-3 hrs.)- From the
Hasenberg we may proceed through the Sieohenhaus-Thal to the highroad
on the Bhine or go on to the Dommelberg and Bittersturz (p. 110).
1. ft]yArln.hTiat.A|p f9.0f> ft, •'*^6tel' Pension Weller, with garden
and view, R. 2-3, b! 1, D. 2-21/2, pens. 5-6 Jf; Hdt. Breitenbach,
well spoken of; Einhdrn^nt the station, plain ; steamboat 14-20 times
daily to Gapellen, 20 or 10 pf. ; steamer to Coblenz, see p. 106), a
thriving town with 7900 inhab. , formerly belonging to the Electors
of Mayence, is mentioned in a charter as early as 890. Several
towers recall the former fortifications. Schlosa Martinsburg at the
upper end of the town, containing an interesting court, once a
residence of the Electors of Mayence, dates from 1394; the new
part was built in 1712. The old Raihhaua is a noteworthy late-
Gothic half-timbered edifice. The Protestant Church, at the lower
end of the town, was built by Zais in 1872-75. Oberlahnstein is a
busy depdt of the iron-ores yielded by the mines on the Lahn (comp.
p. 212), and possesses a large harbour. It is the steamboat-station
for Ems (p. 212), which may be reached hence either by the main
line via Niederlahnstein (p. 113), or by the older line (slow trains
only) on the left bank of the Lahn. The station is close to the quay.
On a rocky eminence behind Oberlahnstein rises the picturesque
castle of Lahnecky mentioned for the first time in 1224, destroyed
by the Fr*encK"uri689, and restored since 1860 (visitors admitted
in the owner's absence). The pentagonal pinnacled tower commands
a charming view, for which the morning light is most favourable.
On seeing the ruin in 1774 Goethe composed his exquisite 'Geistes-
GruBs\ A road and two footpaths ascend to the castle ; one of the
paths, destitute of shade, mounts direct from Oberlahnstein, the
other from the side next the Lahn, beginning opposite the upper,
end of Niederlahnstein (p. 113).
About IV4 M. above Capellen, between the highroad and the
Rhine, is the KgnigsBtuhl ('king's seat'), erected in 1376 by the
Emp. Charles Iv. on the^ite of an ancient meeting-place of the
Electors. At the end of the 18th cent, it had fallen to decay, but in
1843 it was rebuilt, partly out of the old materials. The structure
is octagonal in shape, somewhat resembling a pulpit, 22 ft. in
f diameter, and 18 ft. in height. The Electors held their meetings
on the stone seat on the top. The situation was chosen from its
proximity to the dominions of the three ecclesiastical Rhenish Elec-
tors, Rhens belonging to Cologne, Capellen to Treves, and Lahnstein
to Mayence, while the territories of the Electors Palatine began at
Oaub (p. 123). Here many emperors were elected, decrees issued,
> and treaties concluded. Near the Konigsstuhl is the Rhenser Mineral-
quelle, a mineral spring rising in the bed of the Rhine , which was
known in the 18th cent, and re-discovered va 1857 ; the water re-
ioMayenct. BRAUBACH. 17, Routt, 115
BembleB that of Selterg and is used as a table beverage as well as
medicinally. Tbe new quay has been pushed out into the rivei as
far as the spring. i/t^
On the feftile bank of the Bhine opposite the Eonigsstuhl, &>. £S>iU^\
wT^i^A i^hapAl, near the 8. gate of Oberlahnstein, is visible amonfe~the l
trees, wliere, on 20th Aug., 1400, the Rhenish Electors deprired the Bohe- I
mian king Wenzel of the imperial crown. On the following day they /
erosMd to the Eonigsstnhl, and elected Count Palatine Bnpertin. emperor y
in hif stead. Adjacent are two mineral springs.
Above the Konigsstnhl (3/4 M.) lies the small town of (r.)](Uifim^
(KonigBsiuhl^ with garden, on the riyer), still surrounded by the walls
and fosses constructed in 1370 by Archbishop Frederick III. of Co-
logne. On the highroad, near the S. gate, are several old hcyjf-
t|mbered houses, almost in their original condition. Outside this
gate lies the prettily situated church. A footpath to (1 1/4 hr.) Bop-
pard ascends hence to the right at the way-post, outside the S. gate
(comp. p. 117). — Beyond a cotton-factory with a tall chimney, we
next pass the small village of (r.) Brey, surrounded by fruit-trees.
1. Brauba^ {Kaiterhof^ with veranda and view, on the Rhine,
R. 2-4, B. 3/4, pens. 4-5 uf, new, very fair; Deutsehea Haus, with
beer-garden, near the station; Bheinischer Hofj with garden and
view of the Rhine, pens, from SVtUff; NcuaauerHof, R. lY2'2ufir;
local steamboat to Oberlahnstein, Gapellen, andCoblenz, see p. 106),
an ancient town with 2200 inhab., the once picturesque appearance
of which has been marred by the railway. It is commanded by the
imposing castle of *MMrt8biirg, 485 ft. above the river, the only
old fortress on the Rhine whiS has escaped destruction.
In 1437 Count Philip of Eatsenelnbogen founded a chapel in the castle
and dedicated it to St. Mark, after whom the castle has since bcan^wamed.
"Hit belonged to Hesse-Darmstadt from 1661 to 1803, and was then used
by the government of Nassau as a state-prison down to 1866. It is now
the property of the Society for the Preservation of German Castles, by
whom it is being restored (tickets of admission, 26 pf., at the restaurant
at the entrance). The tower afiords a pleasing survey of the grassy dales
at the back, and of a portion of the Rhine.
Two routes ascend to the fortress : to the N. a footpath, shorter
but steeper than the other, beginning at the upper end of the town,
beyond the old church (25 min.) ; to the S. the road, leading at first
to the left through the town in the direction of Nastatten, then to
the right past the ancient Chapel of St, Martin, and lastly round the
E. side of the hUl (35 min.). ^
Fbom Bbaubach to Nastatten, 171/2 M., narrow-gauge railway in
1^4 hr. The line (opened in 1902), beginning at the silver foundries with
the conspicuous chimneys, ascends the right bank of the Zollhaeh to Hof-
ZollgruM (p. 216) and beyond a bold viaduct mounts in wide curves (views
to the right) vi& Bechetn and Sinterwald to Daohseahauaen (1250 ft.), pic-
turesquely situated near the Dachskopf (1500 ft.). Fine survey from the
latter and also from the HeUebdvmehen (1315 ft ), 1/2 M. to the S. of the
station. — Thence the railway descends through the Bachheimer Grundy via
WinUrwerb, Oemmeric\ and Ehr^ to Marien/el» (705 ft. ; with a mineral
spring), in the fertile MUMbaeh-Thal (p. 121). We then ascend the last-
n^med valley to the S.W., via Miehlen (725 ft.). — Natmten^ and thence to
St. Goarshausen or Zollhaus, see p. 121. DgtzedbyGoOglc
116 Route 17. BOPPARD. From CoUem
Above Braubaoh are the (r.) villages of Niederapay and Ojjui^y
(Rindsfusser), connected by an avenue of ^alnnf-trees. On the
promontory to the right stands a half-ruined chapel, the only relic
.-oi^the village of Peter spay. — On the left, V2 ^' ahove Braubach,
opens the iHrikholder-Thaly with several mills and a chalybeate
spring (Dinkholder Brunnen) resembling those of Schwalbach.
On the wooded height above (1.) Osterspay (Muller; Anker) stands
the chateau of Liebeneckj belonging to the Baroness von Preuschen,
•one of the prettiest spots on the Rhine. — On the hill to the right,
a little above Osterspay, stands the Jaeobsberger Hof, a farmhouse
520 ft. above the Rhine, whence a cart-road leads to Rhens (p. 115),
S^ftr distanty'^utting off the circuit of 6 M. formed by the river. The
1 ▼ineyards on the slopes of the left bank, known as the Bo;pj^arder
I Hamm, produce excellent wine. Then, on the left, the Filser Ley,
with a view-temple, and the village of Filsen,
r. Boppaxd. — Hotels. On the Rhine: *Spibgbl, E. 2-3V2, D. 2V2-3,
pens. M Jt; •Bellevdb A Rhein-H6tel, with garden, E. 2Vr3V2> B. 1,
D. 2Va, pens. 5-7 Jt; Hibsch, E. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2Vs, pens. 5-T^L..^kbbmann,
plain but good-, Salm, at the lower end of the town, pensTTS Jf, plain. —
In the town : ^Gloshann, an old-established and unpretending house, with
garden; Lange, opposite the post-office; I^assaubb Hof, commercial. —
M6HLBAD, at the lower end of the town, a family hotel, E. 2V2-3Vs) B. V4,
D. 2, pens. 5-8 Jt (closed in winter). — HenzUr^t Pension ^ in the Hiihl-
thal, ^ M per week. — Marienberff Hydropathic Eitdblishment (p. 117),
pens. 6V2-I3 Jf per day. — Wine at the Wimer-VerHn, Ghristgasse.
Local Steamer to Camp (p. 118), in connection with all trains on the
railway of the right bank. , , _ __^
English Church Sendee in summer at fhe Ehein-Hotel.
Jgo^par (i/210 ft.\ the ancient godofcri^a, founded by the Celts
was afterwards fortified by the Romans and used as a dep6t for thei^
^slingers' ('Balistarii Bodobricae*). In the 12th cent. Boppard was
a free imperial town, but in 1312 £mp. Henry VII. ceded it, along
with Oberwesel , to his brother Elector Baldwin of Treves. The
latter, who could not make himself master of the town till 1318,
built the castle, which is still preserved (p. 117). All efforts of
the inhabitants to regain their independence proved henceforth
unavailing. Numerous villas have sprung up in the environs, and
the town is much frequented by summer- visitors. The old town is
still partly surrounded by the mediasval fortifications. Pop. 5800.
The handsome^arrfeifcfee, in the late-Romanesque style, found-
ed early in the 12th cenfTJand rebuilt about 1200, with Its two
square towers adjacent to the choir, is remarkable for the peculiar
*Norman' vaulting of the nave. The contemporary painted decora-
tion of the interior (on the N. side, the legend of St. Severus) was
carefully restored in 1894-95 ; the decoration of the choir is modern.
— The Carmeliter-Kirche (1318), in the pointed style, contains the
marble monument of a Countess von Eltz (d» 1509), carved stalls of
the 15th cent., and old mural paintings; beside the 3rd pillar is a
Christian tombstone of the 7th century. ^ j
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to Mayence. BOPPARD. 17. Route. 117
In an open space on the Rhine^ to the E. of the church and near
the ferry, risea the old Castle of the Archbishops of Treves, with a
tower, now occupied by law-courts. Beside the moat, behind the
castle, are considerable remains of a Wall construoted. of Roman
concrete ('opus spicatum'), and probably dating from the reign of
Valentinlan I. (A.D. 364-75). When complete it was 10 ft. thick
and 26 ft. high, and was strengthened with towers at the angles
and 24 semicircular towers along its sides, and enclosed the interior
of the town, in the form of a rectangle 1000 ft. long by 500 ft. wide
The original positions of the four gates, each exactly in the centre
of one of the sides, are indicated by tablets on the houses No. 78
Obei^-Strasse (W.), 47 Ober-Str. (E.), 12 Kronengasse (W.), and 7
Kirchgasse (S.).
The suppressed Franciscan Monastery with its church, at the up-
per end of the town, has been converted into a seminary for Roman
Catholic teachers. — Knights Templar of Boppard are mentioned
among the crusaders at the siege of Ptelemais (ll^)y <fcnd-fragments
of their Lodge, with round-arched windows, lie in a neighbouring
side-street. — The old monastery of 8t, Martin, a little farther up
the river, is now a reformatory for Protestant children. — The Prot-
estant Church, built in 1851 on lines suggested by Frederick
William IV., was enlarged in 1887 and provided with a tower.
The MarJenbergt a large building which rises at the back of the
town, lOOft^TBove the Rhine, formerly a Benedictine nunnery, is
now a hydropathic establishment (p. 116). The water is supplied by
the Orgelborn, a spring renowned for centuries for its purity and un-
varying temperature. The fine old park is open to the public.
The numeroas attractive walks in the Environs op Boppard are in-
dicated by guide-posts and coloured marks. — The Krevxherg (765 ft. j re-
staurant) may be ascended in s/4 hr. by footpaths through the Josephinen-
Thal or the Fraubach-Thal, or by the more picturesque route through the
Michels-Thal and Josephinen-Thal.
Below Boppard, near the Miihlbad (p. 116), opens the MUhlthal, a
valley enclosed by wooded hills and affording a number of picturesque
walks {Pmtion Henuler. see p. 116). One of the finest points is the iJlte
Burg (815 ft.), a hill at the mouth of the valley (reached by ascending to
the right), which commands a beautiful view. Other points of view are the
Gedtofueek and the Vierseen-Platz, or *place of the four lakes' (995 ft. •, re-
staurant), whence four apparently unconnected parts of the Rhine are vis-
ible. From the Vierseen-Platz a path descends past the Jaeobaberger Mof
(p. 116) to (l»/4 hr.) Rhmt (p. 115). — On the other side of the valley the
Eronprineen-Weg leads from the Pens. Henzler to Boppard via the ElfenUi.
— From the pension we may ascend the valley, passing a Fi*h Breeding
EstabUshmerU and traversing fine woods of oaks and beeches, to (2V« hrs.)
Winningen (p. 191).
The FleokertshShe (1740 ft.) is ascended in 2 hrs. from Boppard, either
by following the road to the Hun»riicken as far as the kilometre-stone
marked *7.4' and then diverging to the left by a path (blue marks) leading
through pine-woods \ or by crossing the park of Marienberg to the church-
yard and then taking the path to the right through the wood (indicated by
blue arrows). On the top if the Rettaurant tur Schifnm AuiHcht (also pension).
The very extensive view comprises the Seven Mts., Bifel, Hochwald, Idar,
and Taunus. The path descending to (1 hr.) Salzig (p. 118) through meadows
and woods cannot be missed. ^ j
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
118 Route 17. BORNHOFEN. From Cohlenz
Fbom Boppabd to Bbodbnbach, 10 M., carr. in 2Vs hrs. (20 jM). The
road ascendf the Fraitbaeh- Thai (ahort-cut for walkers), croases the SdbeU-
herg, and aacenda the Burbach'Thal to the (Ai/s M.) Hunarflck road, which
we follow to the right. 1 M. BucJiholt (Welter Inn)-, IV4 M. Wimdhatum
(to the left of the road): Vs M. HeneJueium; IV4 M. Path ascending to the
left to the JEhrmiburg. Fine riews. !»/« M. Brodenbach (p. 192).
A diligence runs twice daily from Boppard to (17>/2 M.) Castellaun
in 4 hrs.
Above Boppard, on the left, lies Camp (Kauth, above the village,
pens. 31/2-4 Ji; Anker ^ on the Rhine), a village with 1500 inhab.,
frequented as a snmmer-resldence. To Branbach over the hills, see
p. 115. — A road shaded with walnut-trees leads along the bank
from Gamp to the (8/4 M.) convent of —
1. Bornhofen (*Hdiel Marieriberg, R. 1^2'% pens, from 41/4 Jf;
Zum Liebenstein^ R. from 1, pens, from 31/2 ^^ A ^^^^ * Gothic
church erected in 1435, a great resort of pilgrims. On a bold rocky
eminence above the convent stand the twin castles of —
SterrerU)era and Liebensmn, better known as The Brothers, con-
nected by a snarp cbine or rock. The legend of these castles may
thus be briefly told : —
Conrad and Heinrich, sons of the knight Bayer von Boppard, the lord
of Liebenstein, were enamoured of their foster-sister, the beantinil Hilde-
garde. Heinrich with rare generosity tore himself away and ioined the
crusades, leaving his brother Conrad to win the prize. That his son and
the fair bride might still be near him , the old knight built the castle of
Sterrenberg for their reception, but, his death occurring bfifore its com-
pletion, the nuptials were postponed. Meanwhile Conrad's neart grew cold
towards Hildegarde. Hearing of the valiant deeds of his absent brother,
his soul burned to share hia honoura, and, wearied of an inactive life, he
joined the cruaadea. Hildegarde now passed her days in the lonely castle
of Liebenstein, brooding over her sad lot, not doubting the a£fection of
Conrad, but weeping over the uncertainty of his return. Suddenly Conrad
returned to Sterrenberg with a lovely Grecian bride, and the outraged Hilde-
garde , stunned by the blow , shut herself up in the loneliest chamber of
her dreary abode, and refused to see any one but her attendant. Late
one evening a stranger knight demanded the hospitality of the castle. He
proved to be the chivalrous Heinrich, who, hearing of his brother'^s per-
fidy, resolved to avenge his foster-si8ter''s wrongs. He accordingly chal-
lenged Conrad to single combat, but before the brothers* swords had cross-
ed, Hildegarde interposed between them and insisted on a reconcillatioB,
to which they reluctantly consented. Hildegarde then reUred to the con-
vent of Bornhofen, at the base of the rock on which the castles stand. Con-
rad'^s Grecian bride soon proved faithless, and he, overcome with shame
and remorse, threw himself on his generous broUier's breast, exclaiming that
no consolation was now left him but his friendship. Thus their estrange-
ment ended, and the brothers thencefortti lived together in harmony and
retirement at Liebenstein, while Sterrenberg was for ever deserted.
These castles were held as early as the 12th cent, as a fief of the
empire by the knights of Boland, and in 1317 came into the pos-
session of the Electors of Treves. Sterrenberg, the higher ruin, is
separated from Liebenstein by a moat and a massive wall, known
as the 'Streit-Mauer' (wall of combat) in reference to the hostile
meeting of the brothers. The ruins (restaurants) are interesting and
command a fine view of the rocky ravines beneath.
r. Salzig (Stumm, well spoken of), so called from its weak saline
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to Maytnee. ST. GOAR. 17. Route. 119
spring, lies in the midst of a vast orchard, whence ship-loads of
cherries are annually exported to the Lower Rhine, Holland, and
England. Farther up (1.) lies the village of Nieder-Kestert (Stern).
r. HirtenacK A handsome building, once a deanery, and the
church, built about 1170, belonged to the Abbey of Siegburg.
To the right are the extensive buildings of the Werlau Mines.
1. Ekrenihal is a small village inhabited by miners who work
the lead-mines in the vicinity.
1. Wellmich (Adler), a picturesquely situated village , with a
small G^iiiic church , is commanded by the ruins of the Thum-
iierg, or Deurenburg. This stronghold , be^un by Archbishop Boe-
mund n. of Treves, and completed in 1363 by his successor Kuno
von Falkenstein, was derisively called the Iggnae (Maus) by the |
Counts of Eatzenelnbogen, in contradistinction to their ^Gat^ (p. 120).
Ascent fatiguing, but there is a fine view from the summit.
The interior contains a few points of architectural j\^eieat. ^
r. St. 0^. — Hotels. *Lilib, with baths, R. lV«-3, B. iy4, D. 3,^57*^-
pens. 5-VJll/; *ScHNEiDEB, at the lower emd of the town, D. S^/a-S Jf. — At '^^
the steamboat-pier : Rheinfels, R. iV2-4, B. 1, D. 2V2. P^na. 6-1 Jt; Hotel a '2,CS^^
Jdno, R. from IVz, B. 3/4, pens, from 4V8 J(; Tradbb, R. iV2-2, B. 3/4, * yaJ^
D. IV21 pens. 4 U», unpretending; Hotbl-Rbstaubant Fiscbbb, with view, U "
well spoken of; Lobelbt, these two on the road to Oberwesel. — Shein-
I«m/, a garden-restaurant on the hillside above the town*, Volk, on the
Rhine, beer.
Steam-ferry to St. Goarshausen, 10 pf.
English Ohurch Service in July and August.
St. Ooar, a town with 1600 inhab., the handsomesXll4i>il ^^^
smaller Rhenish towns, and deriving a look of additional importance
from the extensive ruins of Rheinfels, owes its name and origin
to a chapel founded in the time of Siegbert, King of Austrasia (570),
by St. Gear, who preached the gospel here. Down to 1794 it was the
capital of the lower county of Katzenelnbogen (comp. p. 121), and
since 1815 it has been Prussian. — Below the town is a large harbour.
The Protestant Church, built about 1469, with Romanesque choir
and crypt, contains an excellent late-Gothic pulpit in stone and
the Renaissance monuments of the Landgrave Philip (d. 1583) and
his countess (in a private chapel). — The Roman Catholic Church,
at the lower end of the town, is adorned with an old stone effigy of
the saint with an inscription.
A curious old custom, the ^Hdn»eln\ or Initiation, which prevailed
here till the beginning of the steunboat-traffic in 1827, is said to have
dated from the time of Charlemagne. Every traveller who visited the
town for the first time was attached to ring in the wall of the Custom-
house, and obliged to submit to the water or the wine ordeal. If the
former was selected, a good ducking was the result; the pleasanter alter-
native consisted in drinking a goblet of wine to the memory of Charle-
magne, the Queen of England, the reigning prince, and the members of
the society which enforced obedience to the custom. The traveller was
then invested with the rights of a member of the society, and finally had
to present a donation to the poor and enter his name in the ^Hanselbuch\
The castle of Bheinfelit rising at the back of the town, 375 ft.
above the Rhine (^4 hr. from the pier), is the most imposing ruin
120 BouU 77. ST. GOARSHAUSEN. From Cohlm%
OD the riyer. It was founded by Count Diether III. of Katzeneln-
bogen (d. 1276), a friend of the Emp. Frederick II., and a new
Rhine- toll was established here. In 1692 it was bravely and success-
fully defended by the Hessian General von Gorz against the French
General Count Tallard with an army of 24,000 men. In 1768 the
castle was surprised and taken by the French, who kept a garrison
in it till 1763. Thirty years later it was basely deserted by the Hes-
sian commandant, and fell, with its valuable stores, into the hands
of the French revolutionary army (2nd Nov., 1794). Three years
afterwards it was blown up. The interior contains little^ worthy of
note ; view limited. The custodian is generally at or near the castle
(fee 25-60 pf. , more for a party). Refreshments may also be
obtained. — The path to the castle passes the churchyard-wall, on
which is the *FLammen$atUe\ a rough sandstone obelisk, supposed
/ to be of pre-Roman origin.
' i The 8mteA*^" (1315 ft.), reached from Bheinfels vi& Biebemlieim
in 1 ^4 hr., comflkands ajijlendid yievy, extending from Caub to Oberwesel (re-
fuge-hut by the rocKS on the summit). Descent yit NiederbtuULiP (i ^^')
Oberwesel (p. 122), or rift drbar to the Rhine opposite the Lurlei and so
back to St. Goar.
1. St. Ooarshausen. — Hotels. *Adlbb, on the Rhine, with garden,
B. 172-21/2, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 5-6 U». — Nassadeb Hop, E. IV2-2 UT, B. 70 pf.,
D. lyz, pens. 4-5 Jlf, weU spoken of; Kbonb; Hohbnzojllbb, B. & B. 2Up
20 pf., well spoken of; Rhbinisoher Hop, good wine.
Steam-ferry to St. Goar, 10 pf.
English Ohuroh Serviee in July and August.
St, fiparshausen (715 ft.) is a small town with 1600 inhab., the
upper part of which is so confined between the river and the hill
that a bulwark ofmasonry, on which two watch-towers are situated,
had to be abuilt at an early period to protect the town against
inundations. The Protestant church was finished in 1863.
Above St. Goarshausen, about halfway up the hill, on the road to
the Huhnerberg (p. 121), rises the oastle of Neu-Katzenelnhogen,
commonly called the Cat (Katz), erected in 1393 by Oount Johann
of Katzenelnbogen, whose family became extinct in 1479. It then
belonged to the Hessian princes, and was destroyed by the French
in 1806. The present owner has built himself a house in a har-
monious style on the old foundations (no admission). The road to
the Cat diverges to the right from that through the Schweizer-Thal
(see below), beyond the second mill.
The Lublei (see p. 121) is most conveniently visited from the upper
end of St. Goarshausen via the Schweizer-Thal^ or Switi Valley ^ a pretty
rocky gorge about 2 M. long. Passing under the railway, we follow the
cart-road in the valley for about 1 M. to the Zdllners-MWiU^ where a Anger-
post to the right indicates the ascent to the '-Mdnnehen'. Beyond the
Mannehen we continue to follow the main track, and at the top of the hill
turn to the right by a field-path (euide-post). The summit of the Lurlei
(rfmts. in summer) commands an admirable view of the deep Rhine valley.
For the descent we may choose either the steep path with steps reaching
the road at the (V4 hr.) tunnel, or the easier path 0/«br^ through the
vineyards, which reaches the St. Goarshausen road about 300 yds. farther
down. The whole excursion occupies about "2 * hi^s.'.^^^ ^^ i
^dbyLiOOgle
to Mayenee, LUBLEI. 17. Route, 121
A footpath leads from the Larlei to the (I/4 ^i') payilion on the
Hiihnerberg, commanding a view of the basin of St. Goar (another path
also from the just-mentioned gnide-post).
ExcDBSioN TO Rbichknbebo, SVs M. We either take the narrow-gauge
line mentioned below, or follow the path leading through the Hcuenhach-
Thal^ a valley which opens a little below St. Goarshausen. The footpath,
provided with numerous benches , diverges to the right from the road
through the valley, and rejoins it near Reichenberg. A pleasant way back
is via the village of FaUnberg (1125 ft.) , on the brink of the vine-clad
slopes above the Swiss Valley, or past the OffmthaUr Hofy to the S., and
then through the upper part of the Swiss Valley to the I«urlei.
The castle of *Beiohenbarg, erected in 1284 by Count Wilhelm I. of
Eatsenelnbogen, rebuilt in 1319, and during the Hessian supremacy the
residence of the governor of the lower county, was at length sold in 1818
for the sake of the building materials. Fortunately, however, it escaped
demolition, and is still a grand and picturesque edifice with a lofty tower.
The approach to the Goubt (see also p. zxxi) is striking. Here on the
left we oTteerve the chief entrance to the castle, flanked with two columns
of granite. The Intbbiob of the castle has been restored, and is now
decorated with old weapons, armour, domestic utensils, etc. (fee). The
original dwelling-house consisted of three stories, but the dividing beams
have been broken away; the Romanesque columns, however, placed one
above the other, which bear the lofty pointed vaulting, are still preserved.
The TowBB, which is ascended by wooden steps, commands a view of
the neighbourhood. A second tower to Uie E., connected with the other by
8 lofty curtain-wall, is half destroyed.
From St. Goabshausen to Zollhaus, via Nastatten, 27>/2 M., narrow-
gauge railway in about 3 hrs. (two through-trains daily). The line
ascends the Hcuenhach'Thdl (see above) to (3 M.) Reichenberg (TOO ft.), whence
there is a fine view of the casUe (»/» M.). — At (6 M.) Bogel (1180 ft.) we
reach the edge of the plateau between the Rhine and the Lahn. — The
line then descends into the MUhlbach-Thal (p. 116).
10 If. Kastfttten (^ft.; Ounirun; Recien) is the junction of the line
to Braubach (p. 116). — 14 M. Eolzhausen auf der Heide (1276 ft. \ Post) is
situated on the Wiesbaden road, whence a footpath, diverging to the left
about 1 M. to the S.W. of the station, leads through wood to the (1 M.)
Alteburg^ a Roman entrenched camp (partly restored).
21 M. Katsenelnbogen (916 ft. ; Hdt. Bremter^ very fair), on the Ddrsbach^
lies at the base of a porphyry cliff crowned by the ancestral castle of the
Counts of Eatzenelnbogen, who since the 11th cent, expended their sway
over the district between the Rhine and the Lahn (the 4ower county")
and over the now Hessian province of Starkenburg (the 'upper county").
On the death of Philip, the last count, in 1479, h s possessions passed to
the Landgrave of Upper Hesse. In 1815 all the lower county on the right
bank of the Rhine became Prussian.
25 H. Sohlen/els is dominated by the ruins of the castle of that name
(940 ft.), beside which is a more recent castle, now used an an 'Inn (pens.
3V2 Jf). — 271/2 M. Zollhausy see p. lU.
On the left rise the imposing rocks of the *Lwrtei; or Lorelei,
430 ft. above the Rhine. The well-known legend of Ithe fairy who
had her dwelling on the rock, and, like the sirens of old, enticed
sailors and fishermen to their destructitm in the rapids at the foot
of the precipice, has long been a favouritA theme with the poet and
the painter. Heine's beautiful ballad (1823) is still deservedly
popular. According to Mamer, a poet of the 13th cent., the Nibe-
lungen treasure lies hidden beneath the *Lurlenberg*. — At the
foot of the Larlei is a large harbour. .»
This is the narrowest (about 220 yds.) and deepest (76 ft.) part
of the river. The famous echo returned by the lofty cliffs on both
122 Route 17, OBERWESEL. From Cohlent
sides is not audible from tlie steamer, but may be successfully wakened
from a small boat in tbe quiet of early morning or late evening.
Opposite the Rosstttin^ a rocky point to the left, which the rail-
way penetrates by a tunnel , a ridge of rocks , known as the ''Seven
Virgin8\ is visible when the river is low. It is said that these rugged
masses were once seven fair maidens of the Schonbuig, who were con-
demned by the river-god for their prudery to this metamorphosis.
r. Oly^yweieL — Hotels. Bhbinisoheb Hop, near the pier and not far
from the station, B. & B. 2V4t D. iVsi pens. 4 JV; *Ooli>bnbb Pfbopfbn-
ZIEHE&, at the lower end of the village, in a retired situation, B. 2.
D. iy2-3, pens. 4-6 A; Dedtschbs Hads, E. & B. 2V4-2V2, D. lV«i P^m.
^ Jl; ZuM HDNSBdcKEN, good wlne. — Fcuihinger'* Rutawrant^ with garden,
at the foot of the Schonburg, to the N. of the Frauen-Kirche.
Oherwesel^ an old town with 2600 inhab., named Y^iSasdO- ^^ Peut-
inger's map of Roman roads (p. xxiv), and once a free town of the
empire, was afterwards ceded by Henry VII. (1308-14) to his brother
Archbishop Baldwin of Treves. Its churches, walls, and pinnacled
towerq (14th cent.) , over which frown the ruins of the Schonburg,
Sender Oberwesel one of the most picturesque spots on the Rhine.
At the S. end of the town rises the conspicuous^royen-gircfeg^
or Church of Our Lady, a fine Gothic edifice in reel sandstone,
erected in 1307-31. The narrow and lofty choir and nave rise high
above the aisles.
Interior (entrance on the N. side). The Screen between the choir and
nave dates from the 14th century. The High Attar^ of 1331, is adorned
within by delicate wood-carving and outside by painted figures of saints.
By the side-altars and in the aisles are several Paintings of the Lower
S^enish School; that at the N. side-altar has a representation of the nave
of the church. On the piers are interesting Mural Paintings of the
15-16th centuries. In the N. chapel and in the nave are several Tombs of
the Knights and Counts of Schdnberg (16-17th cent. ; see below). By the W.
wall is the late-Gothic monument of Canon Lntem (d. 1505).
The Gothic Church of^^Wemer^ partly resting on the town-
wall, on the side next the Rhine, was (like the church of the same
name at Bacharach, p. 124) built about 1301 ; fine choir- windows.
At the lower end of the town is the handsome round Ochsenthurm,
with its lofty pinnacles.
Upon the hill lies the late-Gothic 8t, Martins-Kirch^^ with its
castle-like tower with turrets at the corners. The S. aisle con-
tains , under a modem canopy , a coloured and gilt group of St.
Anna and the Virgin, of Gothic workmanship. This church also
contains some curious reUc-cases and other objects of interest (the
sacristan lives at No. 223, near the choir).
The route to the Spitzeistein (IV2 hr.) vi& Niederhurg (comp. p. 120)
ascends to the left near the'Ochsenthurm, just outside the town-wall. —
A pleasant walk may be taken along the Rhine to St. Goar (p. 119). —
DiUgence to Simmem (p. 165), daily.
Above Oberwesel rise the modern chateau and the picturesque
old ruin of (r.) Qslkaxihjm^, the la^er,with its four huge towers, erected
about the 12th cent., the cradle of a once mighty race which became
extinct in 1713. In 1615 it was the birthplace of Omjnt Frederick
Digitized by VjOOQ
to Maymee, CAUB. 17, BouU. 123
Hermann of Schonburg, better known as Marshal Schomberg, who
fought under the Prince of Orange, and in 1668, when in the French
serrice, compelled the Spaniards to acknowledge the House of Bra-
ganza. On the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, he was obliged
to quit the French service, and under the ElectiSTdt Bffnddll^urg
became minister of state, and gOYernor of Prussia ; he finally passed
over to England with the Prince of Orange, and fell at the memor-
able battle of the Boyne in 1690. In the Thirty Years' War the
castle fell into the hands of the Swedes, and in 1689 it was sacked
by the French. The castle now belongs to Messrs. P. and T. J. Q.
Rhinelandw of New York. About */2 M. from the station, on the
road ascen^ng from the Frauen-Kirche, a footpath diverges to the
right (10 min.). We ring at the entrance to the castle (fee). — On
the W. side, a pleasant path descends into the rocky EnghoU valley,
which yields an excellent wine. From the village of Engeholl (wine
at Schneider's) to Oberwesel, 2^4 M.
1. Canb (705 ft.; Zum Oriinen Wald; Adler, R. 1V2-2 Jf ; Zur
Pfalz, tX tte station, well spoken of; wine at the Thurm and Stadt
Mannheim), an ancient town with 2200 inhab., still partly sur-
rounded with medieval fortifications, is important on account of its
productive subterranean slate-quarries and as a wine-growing centre.
The Church , dating from the 12th cent, and partly modernized in
1770, has, with the exception of the choir, been used by the Pro-
testants ever since the Reformation. The Nothweg, an attractive
promenade along the town- walls, is reached from beside the square
tower. A large Statue of Bluchevy by Schaper, erected in 1894,
shows the field-marshal pointing out to his soldiers the way over
the Rhine. A tablet on the ^Stadt Mannheim' marks his headquarters
from Dec. 31st, 1813, to Jan. 2nd, 1814.
At the back of the town rises the picturesque castle of Gutg^elSf
with its lofty square pinnacled tower, named Cube in the middle
ages, which was sold together with the little town of Caub by the
knights of Falkenstein to the Palatinate in 1277. The building has
recently been restored. The Earl ^l^ornwall , who was elected
. King of Germany in 1257, is said to have become enamoured here
of the beautiful Countess Beatrix of Falkenstein, whom he married
on the death of his first wife in 1269.
Above Gaub, on a ledge of rock in the middle of the Rhine,
rises the *Pfalg, or P/WZtfpr/^/'fflj»/>>(n^ a hexagonal building, founded 'T
by Emp. Louis the Bavarian (1314-47) and well preserved exter-
nally and internally. It has a pentagonal tower covered with an
unsightly roof, numerous turrets and jutting corners, loopholes in
every direction, and one entrance only, situated about 6 ft. above
the xoek, and reached by means of a ladder. On the S. side is seen
the lion of the Palatinate as bearer of the escutcheon of the ancient
lords of the castle. The interior (keys kept by a boatman at Caub,
who ferries visitors to the building ; fee 75 pf.) is uninteresting.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
124 Boute 17. BACHABACH. From CobUn%
At this point , early on New Year's Day, 1814, a Prussian corps
under York, and a division of Russian troops under Langeron,
effected the passage of the Rhine under the direction of Blucher.
r. Bacharach. — Hotels. 'ndTEL Hkbbbbcht (la** Wasum), at the
statrin, wiik a garden, R. l»/4-3, B. 1, D. 2V«-3, pens. iyt-QJf; BLficHBE-
THAL, in the townj Webbb (see below), these two unpretending. — Wine
at BcutiarCi and at Jeiter ds MiUler'^t (view).
Bacharach^ an ancient town with 1900 inhah. , lies picturesquely
at the entrance to the narrow Steeger^Thaly and is commanded hy
the castle of Stahleck, at the foot of which stands the beautiful
ruin of St. ATemer's church. The old town-walls, a great part of
which is still well-preserved , descending from th^ castle and
enclosing the town , with three-sided towers at intervals of 100-
150 paces, afford a good example of mediaeval fortifications.
Bacharach, mentioned as Bachercho in 1019 and as Bagcaracha
in 1140, was noted for its wine at an early period, and down to
the 16th cent, was one of the greatest vane-marts on the river. Pope
Pius II. (iEneas Sylvius) caused a cask of 'Bacharach wine* to be
brought to Rome annually, and the town of Nuremberg obtained its
freedom in return for a yearly tribute to the Emperor Wenzel of four
tuns of the same wine.
In the Markt-Platz, where the road through the Steeger-Thal
diverges from the main street of the town, rises the Protestant
Church of St. Peter, or Templars' Church, a highly interesting late-
Komanesque edifice of elegant proportions, dating from the begin-
ning of the 13th cent, and recently restored. It includes a round
choir originally decorated in polychrome, two round E. towers, and
a square W. tower. Under this last is a fine early-Gothic porch,
and on the N. side there is a rich portal. The old building vnth a
tower, now the Parsonage, was formerly a Capuchin monastery.
Opposite the church is the Weber Inn, a tasteful example of half-
timbered architecture, dating from 1568 and restored in 1897.
On a slight eminence (ascent on the S. side of the church of St.
Peter) stands the graceful *Church of St, Werfier^ erected in 1293
in the Gothic style in the form o^ a trefoil , partly restored in the
15th cent., but now a ruin, one-third of the original building
having been destroyed. The delicate tracery of the windows should
be noticed. It was erected to commemorate the canonisation of St.
Werner, a boy who, according to tradition, was murdered by Jews in
1286, and whose body was landed here after having miraculously
floated up the stream from Oberwesel. Above the church (10 min.
walk) rises the castle of Stahleck (p. 125).
yhe Steefff^r-Th^l^ at the back of the town, affords a pleasant walk ;
it is sometimes called the Bltlcher-Thal from the fact that Bltlcher after
his passage of the Rhine on 1st .Tan., 1814, pursued a body of French troops
through this valley towards the Hunsriick. After about 1 M. we reach
Steeg (Hutwohl), which yields an excellent white and red wine. Above
the village (40 min. from Bacharach) rises the ruined castle of Stahlberg,
which like those of Stahleck and Fiirstenberg (p. 136) once belonged
y Google
to Mayenee. LORCH. 17, Route. 125
to the Goants Palatine. A pictaresque panorama may be enjoyed from
the '8«h5nhUek% IV4 H. from the village.
Above Bacharacb rises the once strongly > fortified castle of
Stahleck , the extensive ruins of vrbich extend down to the valley,
the principal residence of the Ck)unts Palatine from 1142 to 1253.
The French besieged and took the castle and town eight times in
1620-40, and finally destroyed the former in 1689. The ruins are
surrounded with pleasure-grounds.
Nearly opposite the castle (1.), at the mouth of the Betzbach^ lies
the village of LorcMMusenj with a modern Gothic church.
On a rocky^emiit^nce on the right, above the village^ of Rhein"
diebach, rise the ruins of Fftrrtenlyery* made over to the Palatinate
in 1243 as a fief of Cologne. In 12^2, when Adolph of Nassau was
on his way to be crowned at Aix-la-Ghapelle, the garrison of the
castle had the audacity forcibly to detain the vessel of the king for
the purpose of levying toll. In 1321 the castle was taken by the Em-
peror Lewis the Bavarian from his opponent Frederick the Fair, and
presented to his consort Margaret of Holland. In 1632 it fell into the
hands of the Swedes, and in 1689 it was destroyed by the French.
Opposite the Furstenberg, on the right bank of the Wisper,
which falls into the Rhine here, stands the ruined castle of yoljipfr
(580 ft. above the Rhine), mentioned in 1110. The rugged cliff on
its W. slope is called the ^DeviVa Ladder', of which a legend re-
cords that a knight of Lorch with the assistance of mountain-sprites
once scaled it on horseback, and thus gained the hand of his lady-
love. The Wisper-Thal is unenviably known for the keen *Wisper
Wind', which blows through it towards the Rhine.
1. LoTeh(*Krone, with garden, D. i^j^JC, good wine; Schmidt,
very fair; Railway Hotel), a small town with 2700inhab., forming
a long street on the bank of the river, mentioned in a charter as early
as 832, was in the middle ages a favourite residence of noble families.
In the church-yard is »*Cruciflx dated 1491. The lofty Gothic Church
of St. Martin, of the 13-1 5th cent., which possesses the finest hells
in the Rheingau, was entirely restored in 1871-74. The high-altar
3rl|b,rlch late^Gothlc carving of 1483, a fine late-Gothic font of 1464,
and the monument of the knight Joh. Hilchen von Lorch (d. 1548)
merit inspection. The inscription on the last records that Hilchen
distinguished himself against the Turks, and as field-marshal in
1543-44 against the French. His house, a handsome Renaissance
building of 1546-48, adorned with sculpturing, is situated on the
Rhine about the middle of the village.
The road through the *Wisper-Thal to Schwalbach (SOVa M. ', carriage
'!^ith one horse 20, with two horses SO Jt ; there and back ^ or 26 Jf)
leads by (d H.) the Kammerberger Miihle t^Bii) and the (274 H.) Laukenr
MUhU (inn) to (2V4 M.) the ruin of Gerolsteiny the finest point in the valley.
About i% H. farther on, beyond the Or euUng»- Miihle , the road quits the
Wisper-Thal and enters the Fiichbach-Thal. After passing the O/z ^O
Rie$w.-MuhU it reaches the long valley of the Dombach^ which it follows
to a point beyond (3 M.) RcmtehUd. Kear Eamschied a saline spring is
126 Route 17, RHEINSTEIN. From CobUnz
passed on the left. We now ascend in windings , crosi the old Bhein-
gau road ^Hohe Strasse'; 1585 ft.), and descend to (4i/t M.) Sthuaibaeh
(p. 143).
In the yalley of the Sauer, which unites with the Wisper >/4 H. above
Lorch, is the Sanerbarg, 41/4 U. from Lorch or Canh, once in the pos-
session of the Sickingen famUy, and destroyed by the French in 1689.
The E. bank of the river from Loroh to Assmannshauseii is an^
interesting. The MIIb rise abruptly from the water, their lower
slopes being covered with vineyards and their summits with wood.
r. NUderheimbaeh (rail. stat. ; Pfalzer Hof ; Rheinlscher Hof),
a long village, commanded by the massive tower of Hokeneek, or
Hftlmbnrg, a castle of the 13th and 14th cent., recently restored,
next comes in view. Extensive retrospect as far as Bacharach.
The valley of the Rhine "now slightly contracts. On the right
^ rises the slender tower of 8ooyeck|i commanding the entrance to a
ravine. The castle , which was erected by Archbishop Willigls of
Mayence about 1015, was destroyed by Emp. Rudolph of Hapsburg
as a robbers* stronghold, but rebuilt in the 14th century. The ruin
was restored in 1^4 by the Emperor William I.
On the right bank opens the Boden^Thal, at the mouth of which
are the vineyards that yield the Bodenthaler wine, mentioned as
Qjurly as. 1107. A zigzag path ascends hence through wood to the
top of the Teufelakadriek (1365 ft.).
r. ^Jjrc^tfT^d^ausen or TrechUingshausen (rail. stat. ; Weisses
Ross, rTS BT^i J?yr~0n an eminence beyond the village rises the
Reichensteinj or ralkenbgrg, destroyed by the French in 1689. In
1252 this maraudere'^Sfle was destroyed by the confederation of
Rhenish towns, but restored in 1261 by its owner, Philip von
Hohenfels, who resumed his lawless calling. Rudolph of Hapsburg
afterwards besieged and dismantled it , and relentlessly c^signed
to the gallows the robbers whom he found in possession. The castle
(restored) is now private property.
At the foot of the hill is the entrance to the Morgenbach-ThaL which
to a distance of about 1 H. is one of the most romantic lateral rlUleys of
the Bhine. Just above the mill, where the moit picturesque view is enjoyed,
a path to the left ascends in */a hr. to the Schweicerhaus (p. 127).
On the right we next observe the venerable CTemwis-CM^eUft,
a small late-Romanesque edifice, with late-Gothic "cEoir-stalls. It
is supposed to have been buUt by the knights of Waldeck to ensure
the souls^ peace of the robber-knights slain or hanged by Rudolph
of Hapsburg. There is an interesting arrangement for shedding the
light of a lamp up the river, and a similar one is to be seen at
Nlederheimbach (see above),
A little above the church, on the same bank, rises the pictur-
^ esque castle of * JftludaBtiQm , 260 ft. above the Rhine. It was
formerly called the Faitzberg^ Vautsherg, or Voigtsberg. Its origin is
unknown, but it is mentioned as early as 1279, and after 1348 was
a residence of Kuno von Falkenstein, Archbishop of Tr&ves, since
whose time it has frequently appeared in hiatory. In 1825-29 Prince
to Mayenee, ASSMANNSHAUSEN. 17, Route, 127
Frederick of Prussia caused the castle to be restored in the mediaeval
style; it now belongs to Prince Henryj)f Prussja^ Rheinstein is a
very interesting example of a mediaeval castle, of which the massive
battlemented towers called the ^Bergfriede', the 'Henenhaus', or
^Palas', and the substantial 'Schildmauer' on the side exposed to attack
are well represented. A good collection of aimonr and antiquities is
shown in the interior (adm. 1 Jf, two or more pers. 50 pf. each).
Shady promenades lead hence to (1-1 V2 hr.) Bingerbriick (p. 130).
The view from the castle as well as from the St^weizerhaw (good
inn) on the height towards the S. is limited.
1. Attmannsliaaten. — Hotels. *Kbonb, B. 2V2-3, B. V4) D. 21/2,
pejxB. 6V«-6 Of; •Ankeb, R. 2-2V», B. 1, D 21/2, pens. 5-5V2 Jf; •Bhbin-
H6tkl, at the lower end of the village, opposite the pier, B. iVs-2,
B. 1, D. lVs-3, pens. 4Vs-5 Jt; Eulbsbo, near the railway - station,
B. V/z-'i-, 6. 1, D. iVa-S, pens. 5-6 •#, all these on the Rhine, with fine
views. — Beutbbshak, B. IV2-2V2, B. »/4i D. 1V«-2V« »^; Gebmahia, plain,
also on the Bhine; Hot. Zahnbadbahn, near the moantain - railway,
without view.
Zahnradbahn, or Raek-and- Pinion Railtoap^ to the top of the Kieder-
wald; the station is at the £. end of the village, near the chnrch (p. 187).
Steamer to BUdetJ^eim and Binffen, see p. 130. — Motor Launch to
Rheinstein 30, there and back 50 pf. — Small Boat to Loreh^ 1-6 pers. iVz •^•
^smannah^i^e^ (260ft. ; railway-station, see p. 141), a village
with 1000 inhab., is celebrated for its full-bodied and high-flavoured
red wine, the better vintages of which are preferred by some-con-
noissears to Burgundy, and realise high prices. A warm alkaline
spring (90^) here, containing lithia, was known as far back as the
Roman period. The Ourhaus was built in 1864.
Beyond Assmannshausen the steamboat reaches the jtinger Loch,
a rapid caused by the narrowness of the rocky channel, the wideri^
ing of which has been the work of ages , from the Roman period
down to the most recent times. The passage is now free from danger,
but only the Dutch steamers (p. xvi) and the local boats call here.
The streain is too rapid to permit a pier to be erected at Assmanns-
hausen.
Above the rapids rises the tower of (1.) Bjhrenfglt, erected about
1210 by Philipp von Bolanden, Governor of^the Rheingau, the fre-
quent residence of the Archbishops of Mayence in the 15th cent.,
much damaged by the Swedes in 1635 , and finally destroyed by
the French in 1689. The two towers are connected by a lofty wall
on the side exposed to attack, facing the hill.
The steep slopes of the Rudeaheimer Ber^ yield the excellent
wine of that name , and terrace rises above terrace to secure the
soil from falling. The hill is completely covered with walls and
arches , the careful preservation of which conveys an idea of the
value of the vines. According to tradition , Charlemagne observed
from his palace at Ingelheim that the snow always melted first on
the Rildesheimer Berg , and therefore caused vines to be brought
from Tramin (near Botzon) and planted there.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
128 Boute 17. BINGEN. From Coblenz
Opposite the oastle, on a quaitz-rock in the middle of the Rhine,
is situated the Monge Tower, which is popularly said to derive its
name from the well-known legend of the crnel Archbishop Hatto of
Mayence (914). Having caused a number of poor people, whom he
compared to mice bent on devouring the com, to be burned in a
barn during a famine, he was attacked by mice, which tormented
him day and night. He sought refuge on this island, but was
followed by his persecutors, and devoured alive. The tower, how-
ever, was in reality erected in the beginning of the Idth cent, as
a watch-tower, and the name is derived from the old German
MiUthurm (arsons^). In 1856 the ruins were again converted into
a kind of watch-tower, for making signals to steamers, which in
descending the river are required to slacken speed here when other
vessels are coming up the stream.
The valley of the Rhine now suddenly expands, and the district
of theRheingau, which was once in all probability a lake, is entered.
Below (r.) Bingen the Nahe unites with the Rhine. Bridges over the
Nahe, and stations of the Rhenish and Rhine-Nahe lines at Binger-
brucky see p. 130. The steamers do not touch at Bingerbrflck. Above
Bingeibrilok is the pavilion on the Elisenhohe (p. 130). Over Bingen
rise the Klopp'and the Rochusberg, with its view^tower (p. 129).
r. Bingen. — Hotels. On the Rhine Quay: Hotel Viotobia, near the
station, R. 2V2-4V2, B. IVi* D. 3, pens. 5-9 •#, good wine of its own growing ;
Staekbnbukgek Hof, R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 51/2-8 Jt; Distbl, R. I3/4-
21/2, B. >/«) !>• 2f pens. 6-672 Jtf Dbutsohbs Haus, B. iVz-S, B. s/4i
D. lVa-2, pens, from 5 UV, very fair: G6bel, R. l«/4-2V2t B. »/4, D. IV2-
2V2 •#, also very fair^ ELabpfen, R. 11/2-2 Uf, B. 60 pf.; Adlbb^ Geemania.
— In t?ie Townj Golonbb Pfldg , Kapuziner^Str. 12, near the market-place,
R. £B. 1^4-27^. V«i !)• lV>'3!/3 •^> HdTBL o'Anqlbtbbbx, Mainzer-Str. 9,
very fair 5 *Hil8dobf, in tlie Speise-Markt, B. & B. 2-2V2, D. from IV4 •#,
plain. — ♦Hotel Roohusbkbg (p. 129), R. 1V»-2V2, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens. 5-6 UK,
omnibus from the station 50 pf. — M Bingerbrilek : Hohbmann, R. 11/2-31/2,
B. *Ia, D. 11/2-3 Jfi above the station. — Bestanrimta. Cafi-Rettaurani
kheingoldy on the Rhine Quay 5 Cetfi JSoherr^ at the Hot. Hilsdorf (see above) ;
Roehmherger Bierhalle^ behind the H6t. Rochusberg (see above) ^ Railtcap
Restaurant^ with veranda and view. — Beer at the Hdt. dTAngleterre, Deuteehes
Baus, Oermania (see above). — OonfeotionerB. Eeilmann^ RUeker^ both on
the Rhine Quay/— - — ^
Electric Tramways : 1. From Bingen Railway Station^ past the Ferry
Station, to BingerhrUck. — 2. From Bingen Railway Station to Biidesheim.
Steam Ferry Boat CTrajecf) to RUdesheim (p. 130), about 28 times daily
from Bingen and about 15 times daily from BingerbrUek viH Bingen
(fares 20, 10 pf.). — Steamer to Assmannehausen and Rudetheimy see p. 130.
Boats. To the House Tower, 1-2 pers. 11/2 •#, each additional pers.
25 pf.; to Assmannshausen, 1-6 pers. SJl; to Rheinstein and Assmanns-
hausen, with 2 hrs\ stay at the former, 6 Jf. — Batha in the Rhine.
Oarriages. To the Rochus-Capelle and back, one-horse, 1-2 pers. 41/21
3-4 pers. b Jf; two-horse 1-2 pers. 6, 3-4 pers. 6 UV; to the Scharlachkopf
and back, one-horse 5 or 6 UV, two -horse 6 or 7 Uf; to Rheinstein and
back, 6, 7, & 8 Uif.
Railway to ifayence and Coblenz ^ see R. 19 ^ to Ereuznach and Saar-
hrUckenf see R. 23. — The Railway Statiou at Bingen is near the upper end
of the town.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
y Google
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to Mayence. BINGEN. 17, Route, 129
Sim^ (^0 ft.)t a Hessian district-town with 9670 inhab.,
situated at the confluence of the Nahe and Rhine, was known to the
Romans, who elected a castle here, at the point whence their military
roads to Cologne and Treves diverged. In 70 A.D. a battle was fought
at Bingium between the Romans and the Gauls. In the middle ages
it was a free town of the empire and one of the earliest members of
the confederation of Rhenish towns (p. 166). During the Thirty
Years' War it was repeatedly captured, and in 1689 it was almost
totally destroyed by the French. Bingen carries on a large trade in
wine, and its recent prosperity is testified by its new winter-
harbour, quays, and embankments. 'It is the seat of the Rhenish
Technical CoUege (900 students) and of an Industrial School. The
late-Gothic Pfarrkirche, of the 15th cent., with a Romanesque crypt
of the 11th, has been modernised. The Gothic font dates from the
15th century.
Above the town, on the site of the ancient Roman fortress, rises
the castle of Eopp^ which was destroyed by th6 French in 1689,
but has been tasteMly restored and extended since 1854. It now
accommodates the municipal offices. The tower and terrace afford
a beautiful view. The tower contains a collection of antiquities
(adm. 20 pf.). The moat is now laid out as a garden. The Goeben-
Strasse, the Schloss-Strasse, and the Rochus-Strasse (beyond the
Hdtel d'Angleterre) ascend to it from the Rhine. Emp. Henry IV.
was seized here at Christmas, 1105, by his treacherous son
(afterwards Henry V.), who carried him captive to the castle of
Bockelheim (p. 170).
The finest point in the neighbourhood of Bingen is the "gochua-
J^erg, with the Rochus r Capelle and the ^charlachkopfj each about
72" A ^^* ^^^^ the town. The routes thither are all provided with
guide-posts. From the castle of Klopp we may proceed direct via
the Mariahilf-Strasse and the Rupertus-Strasse. At the top we
reach the Hdtel Roehusberg (p. 128), with a veranda, commanding
a fine view, and thence we follow the road on the margin of wood
(or through the woods, below, passing a round dove-cot), which
leads to the chapel in 8 min. more.
The y^eji^-Capelle, a chapel on the E. brow of the Roehusberg,
was built in lb?? iiT memory of the plague of 1666, struck by
lightning and burnt to the ground in 1889, and handsomely rebuilt
in 1889-94 in a late-Gothic style from plans by Meckel. At the
festival of St. Roch (first Sunday after 16th Aug.), charmingly de-
scribed by Goethe, thousands of persons congregate here and celebrate
certain solemnities, to which open-air dances, music, and feasting
form a lively sequel. — The Kempter Eck, 4 min. to the N.E. of the
chapel f commands a fine view over the whole of the Rheingau
(p. 131).
From the Hdtel Roehusberg a shady path leads in 20 min. to the
Scharlaohkopf (810 ft.), the highest point of the Roehusberg, the
Basdbksb's Rhine. 15th Edit. 9 • -
130 Route Z7. RUDESHEIM. From Cohlen%
S. slopes of which, situated in the district of Budesheim^YiBld. the
fiery Scharlaehberger wine. A fine view of the Nahe Valley, the
Tannus, and the Bheingau is obtained from the KaUer Friedrich
Thurm on the top, 69 ft high.
Near its mouth the Nahe is crossed by a Railway Bridge, which
is also open to carriages and foot-passengers. The old Bridge j with
its seven arches, about ^2 ^- f&rther up, is built on the foundations
of an old Roman bridge, and has been repeatedly restored. Below
the bridge is an underground Romanesque chapel. — Above the old
bridge the Hunsruck road ascends to the Rondell, a fine point of view.
On the left or Prussian bank of the Nahe, on the Ruppertsberg,
lies Bingerbrock (hotels, see p. 128), a village with 1500 inhab.,
and the Jtation^f the Rhine and Nahe Railway (p. 166). A Bene-
dictine nunnery, formerly situated on the Ruppertsberg, was de-
stroyed by the Swedes in 1632.
The Eli— nh5ha (880 ft.; pavilioii), reached from Bingerbriick station
in Vs hr.j commanos a fine view of the Bheingau and the Niederwald. -^
Other good points of view are the PrinzenJcopf and' ftfrther^, the Dcamkmt'
k(>pfy between Bingerbriick and Rheinstein. — From the Damianskopf a
path leads to the ScJueeiterhatu (Vaitsberger Hof, Burg Rheinstein, aee
p. 127) in *U hr.
On the E. bank, nearly opposite Bingen, lies Rudesheim, of
wine-growing celebrity.
1. Bfl^^sheim. — Hotels, all in the Rhein-Str. (some closed in winter).
♦DAKk^riDTKB HOP, R. 2-4, B. 1, B. 3, pens, from 6 *#; Juno, at the
station, R. 2Vx-4, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens, from 67* Uf; *£hbhabd, R. 2-3, B. 1,
D. 2Vs Uf' — •Weil, with frequented restaurant, D. iV2-2.#; *Rheih-
STEiN, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 21/8-4, pens, from Ci^/tJif; •H6tel Kbass, R. 2-3,
B. 1, D. from 3 U»; DSbhofek, R. 2-6, B. 1, D. 3-3, pens. 5-6 U», well
ipoken X)i\ Bbllevub, R. 1V8-2, B. 1, D. from IVs, pens, from 6 •#;
Tbaube, R. a B. 2V«, D. lV8-3Ulf, w«U spoken of; Fadlhabbk, plain.
Several of the hotels have good wine of their own growing.
Beitauranti and Wxae Booms at the HoUU and at the Bkenith BtaiUm;
Rheinhalle, opposite, on the Rhine (closed in winter); Mettemicher Hof
(wine of the Winzer-Verein) , behind the Hot. Jung; */. F. Moo» , on the
Rhine, D. (12-4 p.m.) 2-2V4 UV; Joh. MUller, Drosselgasse 5 ; Ehrhard't Old
German Wine Room, at the station of the Zahnradhahn, D. (12-2) from 2 Jf.
— Beer: Weil (see above); Krone^ Rhein-Str.; Zengler, on the Rhine;
ScheUhaat; HiOskOttery these three near the Zahnradbi^.
Baths. Two establishments on the Rhine.
Carriages to the Niederwald, see p. 136: carr. with two horses to
Schloss Johannisberg for 1-2 pers. 5, 3-4 pers. o.^tliere^nd backhand 8 Jt.
Zahnradhahn to the Niederwald, see p. 136. The station is at the
upper end of the town, Vs H. from the Rhenish railway -station and
from the pier of the Dutch steamers, and 1/4 H. from the pier of the
Cologne and Du9seldorf boats- Omnibus between the stations, 10 pf.
Steam Ferry Boat to Bingen and BingerWUck, starting from the lower
end of the town, near the station (passage under the railway), see p. 128. —
Steamer to Bingen and Aumanmhaueeny see p. 128.
Boats from Rudesheim to Bingen, 1 - 10 persons 1 •# ; Bingerbriick,
1-5 persons. 2 Jt^ for each additional pers. 10 pf., trunk 10 pf. ; to Assmanns-
hausen 1-6 pers. 3 UV, each additional pers. 10 pf. ; to Rheinstein and Ass-
mannshausen 5 Jt.
Rudesheim (255 ft.), a district-town with 4800 inhab., most of
whom live by the culture of the vine, lies in a sunny situation at
to Mayenee. bODESHEIM. 17. RouU. 131
the S. base of the Niederwald (p. 136), at the point where the
valley of the Rhine expands mto the broad basin of the Rheingau.
The celebrated wine of the place can boast the longest pedigree on
the Rhine, though some of its brethren of the Rheingau are now
considered superior. The best sorts are yielded by the vineyards
behind the town, called the HinUrhaus, the Bottland, close to the
station, and those of the Berg (p. 12T) extending below the town
to Ehrenfels.
At the upper end of the town are the Protestant Churchy built in
1855, and the late-Gothic Adlerthurm, a relic of the old fortifica-
tions. Adjacent is the station of the Niederwald railway (p. 137). —
The Gothic Church of 8t, James (Rom. Oath.), in the market-place,
built about 1390-1400, has interesting paintings from the Passion
on the vaulting (ca. 1400), and contains an elaborate late-Renais-
sance altar (ca. 1590) and two fine Renaissance monuments of the
Bromsers of Rudesheim (1543 and 1567), one of the most distin-
guished knightly families on the Rhine, which became extinct in 1678.
The Vorderburgy a fragment of a square tower near the market-
place, 33 ft. in height, is a relic of one of the three castles of Rudes-
heim. At the lower end of the town, near the Rhenish station, rises
the Bromserhurg^ or properly the Niederhurg^ the property of Count
Ingelheim, a massive rectangular structure. In the 10-1 2th cent, it
belonged to the Archbishops of Mayenee and it afterwards became
the seat of the Knights of RQdeshelm, who became extinct in 1548.
The Oberburg, or Boosenburg^ behind the Bromserburg, was entirely
rebuilt in 1868, with the exception of the keep.
The Bromserhofy a mansion of the 15-17th cent, (now a char-
itable institution), in the Obergasse, has a pointed tower covered
with slates and contains ancient frescoes (1558).
From Rfldesheim to the ruin of EhrmfeU (p. 127), i/s 1^'>
A pleasant walk mav be taken to the N.W. to (17* hr.) the forester^s
house of Kammerfora (1520 ft.', restaurant with rooms, pens. 4 Jif), near the
Teufelskadrich (p. 126). From Eammerforst a broad path leads through
the wood to torch. Gomp. Map, p. 128.
At RMesheim begins the * Rheingau, a rich and beautiful
district, which produces some of the most famous and costly wines
in the world. The name is now applied to the tract on the E. (here
N.)bank of the Rhine between Rudesheim and Niederwalluf, about
12 M. in length and 5 M. in breadth. It formerly belonged to the
Archbishopric of Mayenee and extended down the river as far as
Lorch. It was once completely enclosed by the * Oebuck\ a densely
interwoven and impenetrable belt of trees about 50 paces in width.
A *Walk through the Bheingau may be taken as follows. From
Eltville to (2V4 M.) Kiedrieh (p. 135) , and then past the lunatic asylum
of Bithberg to (3 M.) Eberbach: thence over the Bot and past the Steinberg
to (2V4 M.) Ballgarteny and vi& Sehloge Vollrad* to (3 M.) Joharmisberg ;
then back to the Rhine at (1V2 M.) OeUenheim. An excursion should alAO
be made from Bltville to the Bubenhdueer Hohe and Rauenthal (see p. 142).
9* ^
132 Route 17. JOHANNISBEKG. From Coblen%
On the summit of tlie Niederwald, to the left, rises the National
Monument (p. 137). — After passing Kempten and (rail, stat.)
Oaulsheirrij we reach —
1. Geisenheim (♦JPranfc/'urter Hof, R.IV2-2V2, B. 3/^-1, D. 1-3,
pens. 4-6V2 •^»" I^euUchea Haus , pens. 4 Jif; G'ermania, un-
pretending), a pleasant little town with 3800inhah., mentioned
in histoiy as early as the 8th century, and now boasting of a numhez
of country-houses. The late- Gothic Church, completed in 1518, has
a conspicuous portal, and open towers of red sandstone added by
Hoffmann in 1838; the interior was modernised in 1746-62. The
adjoining tower (100 ft. high) belongs to a factory of sparkling wine.
The Rathhaus was erected in 1856. At the upper end of the town
are a new Romanesque church and the mansions of Counts Ir^gelheim
and Schoenbom. At the W. , or lower, entrance to the town is the
villa Monrepos of Herr von Lade , with an interesting garden and
orchards. Near the station is the CEnological an,d Pomological Aca-
demy j a government-institution for the scientific instruction of
wine and fruit growers. Behind rises the red Rotheberg, the slopes
of which produce the best Geisenheim wine.
On the hill behind Geisenheim, near Eibingen (446 ft. •, Seh^er's Tavern),
rises the old nunnery of that name, founded in 1148 and secularised in 1802;
a little to the N. is the new nunnery of St. Hildegard (1901). Farther to
the N.E., on the hillside, are the remains of the Capuchin convent of Noth-
gottet (Agonia Domini)^ founded in 1621, now a form. About */a M. to the
!N. (21/4 M. from Biidesheim) is the former monastery of Marienthal.
1. Schloss Johannisberg, a conspicuous point in the landscape,
picturesquely situated on a vine -clad eminence, 340 ft. above the
Rhine, may be reached in 8/4 hr. by good roads either from Geisen-
heim or from Winkel (p. 133). The extensive chateau was erected
in 1757-59 by the Prince- Abbot of Fulda, on the site of an old
Benedictine monastery founded by Archbishop Ruthard in 1090. In
1802, on the suppression of the Abbey of Fulda (which purchased
the Johannisberg from Mayence in 1716), the castle became the
property of the Prince of Orange, in 1807 it was presented by Na-
poleon to Marshal Kellermann, and in 1816 it was conferred by the
Emp. of Austria as an imperial flef on Prince Clemens of Metter-
nich, who did not fully recognise the sovereignty of the Duke of
Nassau tUl 1851. The far-famed vineyards (comp. p. xxii), in area
about 65 acres, yielding, in ?ood years, an income of 7000^., are
most carefully cultivated, and take the lead among the vineyards of
the Rhine, although of late years there has been a great rivalry be-
tween the wines of Johannisberg and Steinberg (p. 134). Visitors
are not admitted to the interior of the chateau, though, when the
family is absent, they may enjoy the striking view from the terrace
in front. (Good Johannisberger may be procured from the steward at
41/2 •^ *ii^ upwards per bottle.) The Chapel of the chateau, con-
secrated in 1130, rebuilt In 1717-30, and modernised in the
19th century, contains the tomb of the Rhenish his^rian Nicholas
.^dbyGoOg
to Mayenee. HATTENHEIM. 17. Route, 133
Vogt (d. 1836), the tutor of Prince Metternich. — To the E. of
the chateau, on the road to Winkel, is the Tilla of Herr von Mumm
of Frankfort. — On the Hanselberg, a hill lower down the Rhine,
a little below Johannisberg, is the Villa Bauer.
A few minutes' walk from the Schloss we reach Dorf Johannis-
berg (*Zum Sehloss Johannisberg). To the S.W. is Johannisberg im
Qrund (Ranter's Tavern), a village with a large manufactory of
printing-presses. Near it, at the foot of the Schloss, lies the ^Klause\
the remains of a nunnery founded about 1150, and suppressed in
1452. Fine view of Ingelheim (p. 140) to the left.
I. Winkel (Rheingauer Hof^ with garden ; Diking) and Mitttl-
heim together form one long street, so long that Goethe has described
it as very trying to the patience. Near the Rhine is the Oraue Haus^
in the Romanesque style (11th. cent.?). At the W. extremity is
situated the country-house of Herr Brentano, mentioned along with
GK>ethe in Bettina von Arnim's ^Correspondence of a Child', where
memorials of the poet are still preserved.
At (1.) Oestrich (Steinheimerj Schwany both on the Rhine ; beer
at WirikeVs) the inhabitants of the Rheingau formerly swore fealty
to each newly-elected Archbishop of Mayenee, who was obliged first
to confirm the privileges of the people. The village (2000 inhab.)
with its projecting crane, and the Johannisberg in the background,
affords a pleasant picture.
On the slope behind Oestrich lies Hallgarten (666 ft. ; irr«mer, plain),
in the midst of vineyards *, near it is the well-preserved ch&teau of Voll-
rads, probably erected in 1362 by a member of the OreiffenJtlau family, in
whose possession it still is. Above Hallgarten (1 hr.) rises the Hallgarter
Zange (1900 ft. ; inn), with a view-tower.
Before reaching (1.) Hattenheim (*ResSy on the Rhine, R. from
i% D. from iysJf; l^eer at NolVs), a village of 1300 inhab., with
extensive cellars for the storage of wine, the road passes Schloss
Reiehartshauseny in a small park, 1 M. from Oestrich.
A road leads inland from Hattenheim to the (2V4 M.) once celebrated
and richly-endowed Cistercian Abbey of Eberbaoh (restaurant at the entrance),
founded in 1116, erected into an abbey by St. Bernard of Glairvaux in 1131,
and situated in one of those sequestered valleys which this order always
selected for their monasteries. (^Bemardus valles, montes Benedictus amabat,
oppida Franciscus, celebres Ignatius urbes.')
The Abbey (adm. 1-3 pers. 60 pf., more 1 Jl; the door-keeper and the
cellerman who acts as guide also expect a fee), secularised in 1803, and now
used as a prison , was built at various periods from the 12th to the
15th century. The extremely plain architecture of the Romanesque Abbey
Church, consecrated in 118o and recently restored, is characteristic of
the earliest days of the Oistercian Order ; it contains a number of *Mon'
umentSy most of them of abbots of the 12-18th centuries. The €K>thic
monument which encloses the tombs of Gerlach, Archbishop of Mayenee
(d. 1371), and Adolph II. of Kassau (d. 1474), particularly deserves in-
spection. The so-called Refectory of the 13th cent, (more probably the In-
firmary), now occupied by wine-presses, the Gothic Chapter House of the
close of the 14th cent, (restored), the large Dormitory (partly altered), and
a part of the cloisters which is still preserved are all deserving of notice.
The vaults below these buildings are used as wine-cellars. The im-
portant wine-auctions which take place here every spring are attended by
all the most noted Rhenish wine-merchants. Digitized by GoOqIc
134 BouU 17. ELTVnXE. From Coblewt
Close to the abbey is the celebrated Steinberg vineyard, 00 acres in
area, which was carefully cultivated by the industrious monks of Eber-
bach from the 12th to the 19th century, and is now the property of
government. The vines are tended with even greater care than those
on the Johannisberg, and their produce is not less highly esteemed. The
Boa (an old word for ^hilF), an eminence close to the monastery, 880 ft.
above the sea-level, with a refage-hut, commands a magnificent prospect,
embracing the Steinberg vineyard. To the £. of the Eberbach valley,
conspicuously situated on a hill, is the extensive Lunatic Agylutn of
Eiehherg.
Between Hattenheim and Erbach lie the Islands of SandaUf
connected with the left bank, and WeatphaUn" ache AUy oi Rheinau,
To the left of the road between these villages is the Marco-
hrunnen ('boundary-well') , near which are the vineyards yielding
Marcobrunner, one of the most highly prized Rhenish wines, and
chiefly belonging to Count Schonborn. The different-coloured posts
indicate the limits of the various properties ; the white posts mark
the lands belonging to government.
1. Erbach (Engel, well spoken of, good wine ; Wallfischj plain ;
Nasaauer Hof), mentioned in history as early as 980, is partly con-
cealed from the steamboat -passenger by the island of Rheinau,
IY2 M. in length. At the W. end of the village is the chateau of
Reifihartahauien^ the property of Prince Albert of Prussia, containing
a collection of pictures and sculptures ; open from 1st May to 30th
Sept. on week-days, 10-6 (adm. 1 Jif, for a charitable object).
1. Eltyille. — HotelB. "HStsl Beisbnbaoh, at the station, B. IV2-2,
D. 11/2 2 •#; iUiNZKB HoF, Wilhelm-Str. 13, at the station, both with re-
staurants. — Beer at Cralz'ty in the town. — Bath» in the Bhine. — The
pier is 1/4 ^* from the railway-station, where also the steam-tramway to
Schlangenbad (p. 1^) starts.
EUvilU or Elfeld (290 ft.), with 3700 inhab. and many hand-
some villas, was known in the middle ages as AttaviUa and was once
the capital of the Rheingau. The German king Gunther of Schwarz-
burg resigned his dignity here in 1349, when besieged and hard
pressed by his opponent Charles IV. In the 14th and 15th cent.
EltviUe was a residence of the Archbishops of Mayence, to which
they often resorted to escape from civic broils.
Near the pier are the formerly archiepiscopal institutions of
8t, Peter and 8t. Victory which now, like the Martina-Thurm, the
last relic of the town-gates, belong to Count Eltz. — The Caatle,
erected in 1332-50 by Baldwin, Archbishop of Treves, then governor
of Mayence, was destroyed in 1635, with the exception of the keep,
the watch-tower, and the moat; the 'Palas* is now used as a wood-
store. — The Gothic Churchy built in 1353, contains a canopy of
the 15th cent., a font of 1517, and several Renaissance tombs.
The Lichtenstem Houaey in the main street, is a notable Renais-
sance structure of 1670 (upper story rebuilt). In the garden is a
late-Gothic dwelling-house, formerly known as the 5anccfc«rJIo^ —
The Fruhmeaaerei is designated by a tablet as the house where the
brothers BechtermQntze established a printing-prei^ about 1460
«d by Google
to Mayence. BIEBRICH. 17. Route. 135
(probably with the aid of their kinsman Gutenberg, p. 163) ; bnt
the Molsberger Hof seems to be more entitled to that honour.
A charming excursion may be made from Eltville to the (s/4 hr.)
Bubenhduter Bdhe and (i hr.) Rauenthal; comp. p. 112.
About IS/4 M. to the N.W., concealed amidst vine-clad hills, lies the large
village of Kiedrich (440ft. ^ Engel; Krone; Burg Scharfmttein, moderate),
a resort of pilgrims. The Gk)thic church of St. Valentine (14-15th cent.)i
restored in 1874, with a pulpit of 1493 and other works of art, and the chapel
of *8t. Michael^ erected in 1440-44 in the ornate late-Gothic style, restored in
1858, merit a visit; and there are many picturesque half-timbered houses.
Near Kiedrich is the Ord/enbergj one of the most celebrated vineyards o*
the Rheingau ; it is crowned by the castle of 8charfen»tein^ which was
erected by the Archbishops of Hayence at the close of the 12th cent.,
dismantled by the Swedes in 1632, and finally by the French in 1682. A
mineral spring rising near Kiedrich resembles the Wiesbaden springs, but
its temperature is much lower. — Kiedrich is 1V« M. from Eberbach
(p. 138) via Eichberg.
Beyond Eltville several more villas are passed, the most conspicu-
ous of which are Burg Crass^ with a garden-restaurant, Villa Rhein-
herg^ and the SteinheimerHofj the last belonging to the Grand-Duke
of Luxembourg. The island opposite, called the EltvilUr Au, is oc-
cupied by a large farm.
On the opposite bank of the Rhine is Budenheim (p. 140).
1. Niederwallnf (*jfifcAtDan, on the Rhine, with garden and view,
much frequented by visitors from Mayence and Wiesbaden, R. 2-4,
B. 1 , D. 21/2, S. 1V2» pens. 51/2 UJT,- H6t. Gartenfeld, also with
garden, very fair; Zur Schonen Aussicht, at the station), a place with
1200 inhab., mentioned as early as 770, lies at the mouth of the
Waldaffa or WaUuf, near the ancient E. boundary of the Rheingau
(p. 131). The OuranttcUt Reineck (pens. 56-80 pf. per week) is for
nervous and other sufferers.
. 1. Schierstein (Seipel; Drei Kronen^ both very fairj, an old
village, with a manufactory of sparkling wine and a large river-
harbour, stands in the midst of a vast orchard. — About IY2 M.
inland is the ruin of Frauensteiriy with the viUage of that name
fGoldenes Ross); i/4 M. to the S.E. of the latter is the Spitze Stein
(835' ; p. 143), with extensive view.
1. Biebrich. — HoteU. •H6tel Bellbvue, above the pier, R. lVa-2V2,
B. 1, lJnV«-3,^pens. from 6 Jf; HOtel Nassau, B. A B. from 3, D. 2,
pens, from 6 •#; Kkonb, similar charges, all three with gardens on the
Rhine.
Railway Stations. That of the Taunus Railway (for Castel and Frank-
fort) lies on the Rhine, 200 yds. above the pier \ that of the Railway of
the Right Bank (Wiesbaden; the Rheingau) is at Hosbach (p. 142), near
the K.B. gate of the park.
Electric Tramway from the steamboat -pier to Wiesbaden (Beausite),
see p. 117. — Local Steamer to Mayence, see p. 165; pier below that of
the large steamers.
Birer Batha : BuUiu^ SchneiderMhn^ both on the Rettbergs-Aue.
Biebrich (280 ft), the steamboat-station for Wiesbaden, and now
forming with Moshach (p. 142) one town of 15,000 inhab., is a
busy place, with various manufactories. At the upper end of the
town Is a School for Non-Commissioned Officers, ancUat the, lower
«d by Google
136 RouUlS. NIEDERWALD.
is the former Palace of the Dukes of Nassau, now in the possession
of the Grand-Duke of Luxembourg, completed in 1706 in the Re-
naissance style. The extensive *Park contains a splendid chestnut
avenue and other flue trees. The Moosburg, a miniature castle in
the park, built in 1806 in the medieval style, occupies the site
of the imperial palace of Biburk , where Louis the German resided
in 874 (no admission). — From Biebrich to Wiesbaden , vi4 the
Biebrich Water Tower (fine view), see p. 153.
Opposite Biebrich lies the Rtttbergs-Au and on the left bank,
lower down, is Amonebergy the first Hessian village, with cement
and chemical works. The steamboat next passes between two is-
lands, the Ingelheimer Au (restaurant in the hunting-lodge), now
connected with the mainland to form the new winter-harbour of
Mayence (p. 159), on the right, and on the left the Peters- AUy over
which passes the new railway - bridge (930 yds. long; built in
1901-8) of the Mayence and Wiesbaden line. On the Peters Au,
at his summer - residence , the Emp. Louis the Pious, son and
successor of Charlemagne, expired in 840. His body was conveyed
to Metz and interred there. On the Ingelheimer Aue are the new
electric works of Mayence.
The steamboat-pier at Mayence is above the imposing new bridge,
through the central arch of-which the steamer passes.
Mayence, see R. 22.
18. The Niederwald.
Se4 also Mapy p. 128,
Zahnradbahnen (Rack-and-Pinion Railways). From RUdtsheim to the
IConument on the 17iederwald, and from Assmannshausen to the Jagdschloss
in 10-14 min. (fares, ascent 1 Ul, descent 50 pf.)* The former line is usually
open from April to the end of Oct., the latter from the middle of April to
the end of Sept. only.
Oarriage«and-Fair from Biidesheim to the Klederwald Monument and
Jagdschloss in 2 hrs., 1-2 pers. 6, S4 pers. 7 •#, descending to Assmanns-
hausen, 9 or 10 •# ; the same, returning along the Rhine, 10 or 11 «# ; from
Assmannshausen to the Niederwald 5 «#; hy the Niederwa)^ and Johannis-
berg to Riidesheim 17 Jt.
Steamer six times dallv in summer between Assmannshausen, Bingen,
and Biidesheim; fares 60, 86 pf.
With the assistance of the mountain-railway, li/z-S hrs. are suffi-
cient for a visit to the Niederwald (Btldesheim, the monument, the Rossel,
the Jagdschloss, and Assmannshausen, or in the reverse order). Walkers
also require little more than 2 hrs., although in both cases more time
may be profitably devoted to the excursion.
The *iriederwald (1080 ft.), a wooded hill, clothed with
vineyards on its S. slopes, which are known as the 'RCldesheimer
Berg' (p. 127), rises from the Rhine at the point where the river quits
the Rheingau and suddenly turns towards the N. It lies at the upper
end of the narrow part of the river, which begins at the Seven Mts.,
and vies with the latter as a point of attraction to excursionists.
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Nat Monument. NIEDERWALD. 18, Route. 137
FbOM RtDBSHEIM (p. 130) TO THB NiBDBEWALD MONTJMBNT.
Most travellers now use tlie Rack-and-Pinion Railway (see p. 136 ;
station, p. 130), which ascends gently through vineyards, to the
terminus (Jung's Restaurant), about 3 min. from the monument and
near an old view-temple. The gradient is at first 1:12; at the top,
before the wood is entered, 1 : 5.
Walkers reach the monument in 8/4 hr. either by a sunny path
through the vineyards to the N. of the railway-station (closed when
the grapes are ripe), or by the *Kiihweg', passing the Roman Catholic
church. The first path ends about 200 yds. to the W. of the mon-
ument, the other leads to the temple.
The *Hationid Monumei^ on the Niederwald, erected in com-
memoration of the unanimous rising of the German people and the
foundation of the new German empire in 1870-71 , stands upon a
projecting spur of the hill (980 ft. above the sea -level; 740 ft.
above the Rhine), opposite Bingen, and is conspicuous far and
wide. It was begun in 1877 from the designs of Johannes Schilling
of Dresden and was inaugurated with great ceremony in 1883. The
huge basis is 78 ft. high, while the noble figure of Germania, with
the imperial crown and the laurel- wreathed sword , an emblem of
the unity and strength of the empire, is 33 ft. in height. The prin-
cipal relief, on the side of the pedestal facing the river, symbolises
the *Wacht am Rhein\ It contains portraits of King William of
Prussia and other German princes and generals , together with re-
presentatives of the troops from the different parts of Germany,
with the text of the famous song below ; to the right and left are
allegorical figures of Peace and ♦War, while below are Rhenus and
Mosella, the latter as the future guardian of the W. frontier of the
empire. The fine reliefs on the sides of the pedestal represent the
departure and the return of the troops. The total cost of this
magnificent monument amounted to 1,100,000 Jf (55,000 i.). An
excellent model of it is shewn in the custodian's house behind
the monument. — The terrace in front commands an admirable
•Survey of the entire Rheingau, bounded on the S.E. by the Taunus
Mts., on the S. by the Melibocus, and on the W. by the distant
Donnersberg.
A finger-post immediately behind the custodian's house indicates
the path, marked on the Map, to (25 min.) the 'Rossel' (p. 138).
— The *Tempelweg', beginning at the railway-station, leads past
the back of the monument to (1 M.) the Jagdschloss.
Those who ascend from Assmannshausen (p. 127) enjoy a
more striking development of the views. The station of the Rail-
way of the Right Bank lies Y4 M. above the village. From the
Rhine we follow the main street leading through a gateway above
the Anker Hotel. From the steamboat-pier (p. 127) we may also
proceed in a straight direction through the garden of the Rhoin-
Hdtel and pass under the railway. About 50 paces beyond the church.
138 RouUlS, NIEDERWALD. Jagd8ehlo88.
to the right, at the end of the Tillage, is the station of the Zahkbjld-
BASS (comp. p. 136). The line ascends the S. side of the valley, the
opposite slopes of which, exposed to the influence of the morning sun,
yield the esteemed red wine known as Assmannshauser (p. 127). At
Aulhatuenj about halfway up, the railway turns due S. towards the
Jagdschloss, 100 paces short of which it ends. — Walkers diverge to
the right from the cart-road (which remains in the valley) at a small
shrine (guide-post) about ^^ M. from the church, cross the Zahn-
radbahn, and ascend the winding path through wood to (3/4 hr.)
the plateau.'
The Jagdsehloss (1086 ft.), an old shooting-lodge, belongs to
government , but has been rented to . a hotel-keeper of Assmanns-
hausen (R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 3, pens, in the *Logirhaus' opposite from
5Y2 UJf). Picturesque silvan walks in the neighbourhood.
From the Jagdschloss the *Tempelweg' leads direct to the Monu-
ment in 20 minutes. Walkers should select the path leading by the
Rossel. Passing the 'Logirhaus' on the left, they reach in 10 min.
the Zauberhohle ox 'magic cave', a small hut with three apertures
commanding views, through clearings in the wood, of the Clemens-
Gapelle, the Falkenburg, and Rheinstein.
About 5 min. walk farther on is the *Bo8sel (1125 ft. above the
sea, 880 ft. above the river), an artificial ruin on the highest point of
the Niederwald, commanding a beautiful prospect : to the left, Bin-
gen, Hesse, and the valley of the Nahe, with the Donnersberg in the
background (to the left); to the right the wooded heights of the
Hunsrilck (Soonwald). Far below, the Rhine rushes through the
Bingerloch, past the ruin of Ehrenfels and the Mouse Tower. On
the opposite bank lies Bingen with the castle of ELlopp, sheltered
by the Rochusberg. On the right, in the immediate vicinity, rises
Rheinstein, with the Schweizerhaus ; farther down stands the
Clemens-Capelle, beyond it the Falkenburg. — The Klippe, a point
of view to the W. of and below the Rossel, commands a pictur-
esquely framed view of the Rheinstein, Clemens-Capelle, Burg Fal-
kenstein, and Trechtingshausen, and is most conveniently visited
from the Zauberhohle before ascending to the Rossel.
A finger-post at the foot of the Rossel indicates the forest-path,
marked on the Map, to (26 min.) the National Monument. Half-
way is the Eremitage , an open blockhouse with a picturesque view
of Bingen and the Nahe. At the stone-bench, 6 min. farther on,
we keep to the right. — The National Monument, see p. 137. —
To the Rhine at Rudesheim walkers require about ^2 b^*
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139
19. From Coblenz to Mayence.
Bailway on the Left Bank.
Comp. Maps^ pp. 112, 128.
Railway to Bingerbriick, 38 M., in l-l»/4 hr. (fares 5 •# 60, 4 .# 10,
2 Jir 90 pf.). — From Bingerbnick to Mayence, 19 M., in V2-I hr. (fares
2 ur 70, 1 ur 90, 1 ur 20 pf.). views to the left.
Railway on the Right Bank, see B. 20. Beturn-tickets, available for three
days and allowing the journey to be broken once in each direction, may
be nsed on either bank as far as BingerbrUck and RUdesheim (see p. 78).
— Steamboat^ see B. 17.
Coblenz, see R. 16. As far as Bingen the line generally rung
olose to the riyer, and passes the places more minutely described
in R. 17. Many of the beauties of the scenery are of course lost to
the railway-traveller.
Beyond Coblenz the line skirts the Karthause (r.), at a little
distance from the river. A view of the island of Oberwerth and the
fortress of Ehrenbreitstein is obtained to the left. 3 M. Capellen
(steamb. stat.) lies at the foot of the castle of Stolzenfels (p. 113).
Opposite are Oberlahnstein and the castle of Lahneck. After pass-
ing the Konigsstuhl, which rises to the left, the line intersects the
old village of (5^2 M.) Rhens (p. 115). Farther up, on the opposite
bank, is Braubach with the Marksburg, and beyond it the chliteau
of Liebeneck.
I2V2 M. Boppard (steamb. stat. ; p. 116); 15V2 M. 8alzig (p.
118). A little farther on are the castles of Sterrenberg and Lie-
benstein and the convent of Bomhofen ; still farther up are Well-
mich and the Mouse.
21 M. St. Goar (steamb. stat. ; p. 119). The station lies on a
height at the back of the town. On the opposite bank is St. Gears-
hausen with the Oat. To the left, farther on, we obtain a view of
the Lurlei. Three tunnels, beyond which is (25 V2 M.) Oberwesel
(steamb. stat. ; p. 122). We next have a view on the left of Caub,
the Pfalz, and the ruin of Gutenfels (p. 123).
30 M. Baoharach (steamb. stat. ; p. 124) ; 32 M. Niederheim-
bach (steamb. stat. ; p. 126) ; 35 M. Trechtingshausen (p. 126). On
the opposite bank, Assmannshausen and Lorch successively come
in sight. At Bingerbrflok the wider part of the valley is entered.
38 M. Bingerbruck (see p. 130) lies on the left (Prussian) bank
of the Nahe, about 8/4 M. from Bingen, and nearly opposite the
Mouse Tower (p. 128). Travellers bound for Kreuznach (p. 165),
Saarbrilcken, Treves, Metz, etc., change carriages here. — Steam-
boat to Rudesheim (p. 130). Comp. Map, p. 136.
The train now crosses the Nahe. To the left a view of the
Nlederwald and the ruined castle of Ehrenfels (p. 127).
38V2 M. Bingen (steamb. stat.), see p. 128. The line now skirts
the base of the Rochusberg (several villas to the right), unites with
the line from Alzey (R. 35), and begins to diverge from the Rhine.
41 M. Oaulsheim* — 44 M. Gau-Algesheim is the junction for the
140 Route 19. INGELHEIM.
new strategic railway to Kreuznach and Milnater am Stein (15 M. ;
see p. 168), which is to he continued towards the Glanthal. —
A view of the Johannisherg to the left is sometimes ohtalned, hut
the country generally is flat and uninteresting.
46 M. Ingelheimy station for the two yillages of Nieder-Ingelheim
(Goldner Hirsch) and Ober-Ingelkeim (395 ft. ; Lamm), each 2/3 M.
distant. Nieder-Ingelheim was once the site of a celebrated palace
of Charlemagne, described by ancient writers as an edifice of
great magnificence (^domus alta centum perflxa columnis'), to
adorn which mosaics, sculptures, and other works of art were
sent from Rayenna by Pope Hadrian I. between 768 and 784. It
was burned down in 1270, but was restored by Charles IV. in 1354.
Few relics of the building are now extant. The Protestant St.
Remigius- Kirche was once the chapel of the palace, but as it has
been repeatedly restored nothing of the original is now left except
some parts of the N. transept. The haiidsome Protestant Church
of Ober-Ingelheim , recently restored, dates from the 13th century.
It was at Ingelheim, on 31st Dec, 1105, that the conyocation of
the bishops of Mayence, Cologne, and Worms dethroned Emp.
Henry IV. The red wine of Ingelheim is much esteemed. — The
Waldeck (760 ft.), V2 ^r. above Ober-Ingelheim, commands one of
the finest views of the Rheingau ; a Bismarck Tower was erected on
the summit in 1903.
49 M. Heidesheim. From (52^2 M.) Budenheim the Leniaberg
(p. 165) may be ascended in Y2 ^^' — 55 M. Momhach.
57 M. Hayence, see R. 22.
20. From Coblenz to Wiesbaden. Schlangenbad and
Schwalbach.
Bailway on the Sight Bank.
Comp. MapSj pp. 112^ 128.
dSVz M. Railway in 2-8 hrs. (fares 7 UT 40, 5 UT 00, 3 UT 70 pf.; express
7 Jir 90, 6 ur 90 pf.). Return-tickets, see p. 78. — Views to the right.
Travellers bound for Castel or Frankfort (R. 29a) need not go via
Wiesbaden, as a direct line to these towns diverges between Bkbrich-
Afosbach and Curve (see p. 142 \ Map, p. 128).
Coblenz and Ehrenbreitsteinj see R. 16. — The station for the
Railway on the Right Bank is at Ehrenbreitsteln (p. 111). Passengers
who start from Coblenz (Central Station, p. 105) cross the handsome
railway-bridge (p. 110) at the island of Oberwerth [and join the
railway described below at Niederlahnstein.
The line from Ehrenbreitsteln passes to the left of the old
railway-bridge and runs at the back ot Pfaffendorf (jp. 112), com-
manding a fine view the whole way. — 2^/2 M. Horchheim (p. 113).
4 M. Niederlahnstein (p. 113), the junction of the Lahn rail-
way (R.27). In the opposite direction, passengers bound for Coblenz
change carriages here.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
ASSMANNSHAUSEN. 20, Route. 141
The line crosses the Lahn, View of Capellen and Stolzenfels
to the right, and of Lahneck to the left.
4^2 M. Oberlahnitein (steamb. stat., p. 114). Opposite lies the
village of Rhena, with the Konigsstnhl (p. 115").
7 M. Braabachy with the Marksburg (p. 116). Narrow-gauge
line hence to Ncutdtten (Zollhaus), see p. 115. To the right Nie-
derspay, and farther on on the same bank, below the Marksburg,
Oherspay, — 10 M. Osterapay (p. 116). Passing the small village of
FiUeny we now obtain a view of Boppard, beautifully situated on the
opposite bank. IS^/j M. Camp (steamb. stat. , p. 118), a little above
which are the pilgrimage-church and convent of Bomhofen, at the
foot of the ruined castles otSterrenberg and Liebenstein (the ^Brother 8%
p. 118). I7V2 ^- K^9tert (p. 118), beyond which the train passes
the village of WeUmich, with the ^Mouae^ castle rising above it.
Farther on are the extensive ruins of Rheinfels on the opposite bank.
21 M. St. Ooax shaiuen (steamb. stat.), with the ruined castle of
the ^Cat^ (p. 120). Narrow-gauge line hence to NastdttenCZoUhausJ,
see p. 121. Opposite lies the picturesque little town of St. Goar.
The train now passes through a tunnel under the Lurlei (p. 121),
and through another under the Roasatein. On the opposite bank lies
Oberwesel, a picturesque little town, commanded b^ the Schonburg.
f 28 M. Caab (steamb. stat., p. 123), above which rises the ruin
of OutenfeU, In the middle of the Rhine is the curious old chateau
of the Pfcds, Higher up the river, on the opposite bank, lies the
venerable town of Bacharaoh, overshadowed by the ruin of Stahleck;
then the ruin of F&rstenberg and the village of Rheindiebach. The
train intersects the village of Lorchhausen.
31 Va M. Lorch (steamb. stat., p. 125). On the opposite bank,
farther up, is Niederheimbach, commanded by the round tower of
the Heimburg ; then the slender tower of the Sooneck, the ruin of
Falkenburg, the Clemens-Gapelle, and the picturesque modernised
castle of Rheinstein.
36 V2 ^« AssmannshaoBen (see p. 127) is the starting-point of a
rack- and -pinion railway to the Niederwald (p. 136). Opposite, a
little higher up, is the mouth of the Nahe, immediately above which
lies Bingen. The train passes below the ruin of EhrenfeU, opposite
which lies the island with the Mouse Tower, where the stream is
very rapid.
39 M. BftdeBheim (steamb. stat., p. 130). On the left rises the
Bromserburg. Ferry to Bingerbrilck (junction for Kreuznach), situat-
ed immediately below Bingen on the opposite bank, 20 or 10 pf . —
Opposite rises the Rochusberg, with its chapel (p. 129).
41 V2 M. Geitenlieim (steamb. stat., p. 132). On the hill to the
left are the village and monastery of Eibingen. — 44 M. Oestrioh-
Winkel (steamb. stat., p. 133) ; the station is at Mittelheimy between
these two places. To the left is Schloss VoUrads. From Winkel to
Johannisberg an easy ascent of 3/^ hr. ^ i
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
142 Route 20. SCHLANGENBAD.
46V2 M. Hattenheim (p. 183). On the MU to tlie left is Hall-
garten , a famous wine-producing place; to the N.E., on the slope
of the Bos J is the still more famous Steinberg , and in the yalley
behind is the Abbey of Eberbach, to the right of which lies the
Eichberg Lunatic Asylum. To the right are Schloss Beichartshausen,
and the green islands in the Rhine. — 49 M. Erbach (p. 134).
50 M. Eltville (steamb. stat., p. 134); route to Sehlangenbad
and Sehwcdbaeh, see below. In the background rises the tower of
Scharfenstein (p. 135). The train trayerses vineyards and passes a
number of country-houses. From the hill to the left peeps the
church-tower of Rauenthal (see below). 52 M. Niederwalluf(steim'b.
Stat., p. 135) ; 54^2 M. SehiersUin (p. 135), where the train begins
to quit the river.
56 M. Biebrich-Mosbach (steamb. stat., p. 135). The N. en-
trance to the park is near the railway-station and the steam-tramway.
On the opposite bank rise the towers of Mayence. Beyond Curve
(p. 241) the train turns inland to the left, running parallel for some
distance with the Taunus line, and soon reaches —
58V2 M. Wiesbaden (see p. 145).
SoHLANGENBAD and SoHWALBAOH are most conveniently visited
from Eltville or Wiesbaden.
Fbom Eltville to Schlanobnbad, 5 M., steam-tramway daily in 35 min-
utes. — Eltville, see p. 134 and above. The intermediate stations are (2 H.)
Neudorf (496 ft.^ Krone), in the vaUey of the Waldc^a; Rauenthal (Hdtel
Diana, very fair), for the ("A M.) village of that name (see below); and
Tiefenihdl (hotel), an ancient convent, suppressed in 1803.
Pedestrians should select the somewhat longer route by Rauenthal
(2 hrs.)« The highroad is quitted 1 M. from Eltville, and the vineyards as-
cended by a footpath to the left (partly closed during the vintage); on
reaching the summit of the plateau, we turn again slightly to the left;
(25 min.) the BabenhAuser H6he 080 ft.), commanding a magnificent view
of the entire Bheingau with the town of Eltville in the foreground. About
s/4 M. farther to the N., on the summit of the hill, is situated Banenthal
(856 ft. ; Nastauer Hof; Kheingauer Hof, both with gardens), a village with
an ancient church (IfiUi cent.), and celebrated for its wine. On the slope
of the hill on the N. side of Rauenthal a shady promenade leads to
Sehlangenbad in V4 hr.
Sehlangenbad. — Hotels, some with gardens and most of them closed
in winter. ^Rotal Bath Hodsbs (KdrUgliche CurMuser): Naeeauev Hof^
with veranda and restaurant, Berliner Hof, B^toeizerhaus^ Oberet, MitUere*,
& Unterea CurJums, and Ge$elltcha/UJum», R. at these from 2, B. I1/4, B. 3 Jt,
pens, in May and June only. — ^HdxBL Viotorl4, with restaurant, R. 2-15,
B. iy4, !>• 3, pens, from 7.#; Russisghbb Kaiseb, R. from IVs, B. 11/4,
B. 2^/4 •#, these two in the Rheingauer-Str., near the Bath Houses. — Less
pretending: Waldfbibdbn, on the Wiesbaden road, a little distant from
the Bath Houses, R. 2-5, pens. 5-8 •#; Wbbnbb, Rhbinland, R. from l^/s,
D. 2-2V2, pens. 41/2-5 •#, both in the Rheingauer-Strasse. — There are also
numerous lodging-houses and apartments to let.
Bestaurants. Bremter, RheingatierBof, Miihl-Strasse. with bedrooms to let.
Baths at the upper bath-house 1V2 •#, at the middle bath-house 1 •#
80 pf., at the lower bath-house 2 •#. ^ Visitors' Tax (after ten days'
residence), one pers. 15 •#, each addit. pers. 10 Uf. — Band 3-4 timet
daily. — Summer Theatre, twice weekly in July and August. i
SOHWALBAOH. 20. Route. 143
Oarriai^s, two -horse 6 •<#. one-horse SVs Jf per hoar; to Schwal-
bach 9 or 6. to Wiesbaden 12 or 9 Ul^. — Donkey, per hour, 1 U^ 60 pf.
Englian Ohnreh Service in summer.
Schlangenbad (985 ft.), cbarmingly situated in a ricbly-wooded
valley, is annually visited by abont 2000 patients, the great majority
of whom are women. The water (10 springs; 80-86® Fahr.), which
belongs to the earthy-alkaline group of mineral waters, and is clear
and free from odour, is most efficacious in skin complaints, nervous
affections, and the maladies of women. The Upper Bath JSouse oc-
cupies the site of one erected in 1694 by the Landgrave Carl of
Hesse-Cassel, then lord of the soil; the Central Batft dates from the
18th cent. ; the well-equipped Lower Bath House was completed in
1868. The Schlanger^QueUe and Marien-Quelle&ie used for drinking.
The environs afford a great variety of shady walks (e.gr. the Wilhelms-'
feUen, the Oraue Stein, the Hohe Wurzel, and the Wild£ Frau),
FsoM SoHLANOSNBAD TO WiESBADEN, 7Vt M. The road by (IVs H.)
Oeorgenbom (1186 ft.; Hdid-Restaurtmi Hohentoald^ D. IVs) pens. 4Vs-6 UIT,
a litUe before the village is reached) is the best route for pedestrians and
eydiats. On the way is a belvedere, ereeted in 1886 in honour of the Em-
press Augusta. Other points of view above the village. Descent to the
Chausseehaut (see below), 2V4 M.
The road from Sehlangenbad vi& Wambach to Schwalbach rises con-
siderably for 2V4 M., and then descends to (2V4 M.) Schwalbach. Pedestrians
may descend by a shady footpath (sign-posts).
Fbom Wibsbadbn to Schwalbach and Limbubo, 34 M., local
railway in 272 ^^» (fares 4, 3, 2 ujf ; to Schwalbach in 1 hr., fares
1 UJf 80, 1 UJf 30, 90 pf.). — The railway (p. 145) crosses the
Biebrich and Schierstein road. To the left we have a view of
Mayence and the plain of the Rhine. To the right are the Neroberg
and the Platte. — 2^2 M. Lotxheim (635 ft ; hence to the Spitxe-
Stein, p. 135, ^/^ hr.J. The line now leads through wood. 5 M.
Chausaeehaua (950 ft. ; H6tel Taunnsblick), named after a (5 min.)
forester's house on the old £m8 road (p. 153), whence (finger-posts)
the Schldferakopf (1483 ft.) may be ascended in l/j hr., and the Hohe
Wurzel (2025 ft.), one of the highest summits of the W. Taunus, in
1 hr. (view-towers on both). — 71/2 M. Eiseme Hand (1380 ft.),
whence we may reach the view-tower on the AUenatein (1643 ft.) in
25 min. and the Platte (p. 153) in 60 min. more. The line descends
into the valley of the Aar and follows it to (9 M.) Hahn-Wehen
(1144 ft.), BUidenstadt (10 M.), and —
13 M. Schwalbach. — The Railway Station (9iO ft.) is about
1 M. from the Gursaal , on the road descending the Aar valley. Omni-
buses 00, trunk 26 pf.) and carriages await the trains (electric tramway
Hotels (most of them closed in winter). *Allbb8aal, Neue-Str. 1, with
d^pendance Villa Orebert, first-class, R. from 4, B. li/si D. 4, pens from
10 Jf; ^Hbrzoo von Nassau, Neue-Str. 6, R. from 8 UT, B. 1 UT 40 pf.,
D.8V3, pens, from SJf; *HdTBLMBTB0POLB, Beit-AU^e 2, with d^pendances,
R. 2Va-lO, B. IV2, D. 3Vt, pens. 8-16 Jf; *Qubllenhof A, Post-Hotbl,
Brunnen-Str. 53, with garden, B.2-9, B. 1-1 V4, D. SVa, pens, from TVa-*,
'Victoria, If eue-Str. 2, with caf^ and confectioner's, R. o-12, B. 1 »# 40 pf.,
144 Route 20, SOHWALBAOH.
D. 2V3-3, pens. 6-15 Jf; Gontinbittal, Bad-WegS^ Taunus, Brunnen-Str. 45,
B. from 2, B. iV^, D. 3, pens, from Vh Jt; Rcssisohkb Hof, Adolf-
Str. 36 (open in winter)^ Bsblineb Hof, Brunnen- Sir. 33. — Some of the
Lodging HouMti ('Kurhauser*) are very comfortably fitted up. In July and
August it is advisable to secure rooms in advance.
Beetaurants. ^Cursaal, D. 2Vs-3VtUr; *Ditle, at the Berliner Hof •, *Bibo
(Ldwmhwrg)^ with a few bedrooms, Brunnen-Str. 4, D. 2»#; Oartenlaube;
• Weidenhof, Kirch-Str. 2, D. iVaUT; Malepartw^ Brunnen-Str. 43, also rooms.
Post and Telegraph Office, Bhein-Str. 1.
Baths in the KOniglichei Badhaus, Brunnen-Str. 20 (6 a.m. till l.SO p.m.«
baths from 1 Jf 20jpf. to 8 .J). At the Stadt Coblene, Idnde, Zum Linden-
brunnen^ etc., 1 U^ 20 to 2 U^ 60 pf. per bath.— Fi««or«' Tcu:: 1-2 persons 12 J(
each, every additional member of a party 8 •<#; ^BrunneniiirW for drinking
the waters 2V2 •#; Daily Ticked for admission to the Gurhaus Vs Jf. —
Music in the morning and afternoon, at the Stahlbrunnen , the Wein-
brunnen, and the Trinkhalle alternately. Bmniont (dancing, etc.) Wed.
and Sat. evenings in the Carhaus.
Oarriages. One-horse 21/2 1 two-horse 4 Jt per hour, afternoon 8 and
6 »#; to EUville 91/2 and 15 Jf. — Donkey i 2 jH per hour.
English Ohuroh (Christ Church), Frankftirter-Str.
Schwalbachj officially styled Langen-Sehwalbcuih (950 ft.), with
2700inliab. , is situated in a beautiful green valley, 9^2 M. to the N. of
EltviUe (p. 142). It has been known for at least 300 years, and was
a fashionable watering-place in the 17th and 18th centuries, but is
now regarded more as a health-resort and medicinal spa. The water,
strongly impregnated with iron and carbonic acid , is adapted for
internal and external use, and is especially efficacious in nervous and
female complaints. The annual number of visitors is about 5000.
The two principal springs, the Stahlbrunnen in one of the
valleys, and the Weinbrunnen in the other, are connected by prom-
enades. The other springs are used only for bathing. A handsome
Cwraaal, with a restaurant, a reading-room, etc, was opened in
1879. Farther up, beyond the pond near the Weinbrunnen, there
are extensive lawn-tennis courts.
Walks in the pleasure-grounds and adjacent woods. Also to the
(1/4 hr.; donkey 50 pf.) Paulinenberg ; the Platte (1380 ft), the summit
of which, with a fine view, may be reached in 15-20 min. more \ and the
Brdunchesbergj with a pavilion commanding a good view of the town and
the valley of the Aar. A road, known as the 'Bader-Strasse* and recom-
mended to cyclists, leads vi& Kernel (1668 ft.), Holzhaueen auf der Beide
(p. 121), Bingho/en, and Nassau (p. 21^ to r24 M.) Ems (p. 212). A good
road (also a favourite of cyclists) leads from Schwalbach down the
picturesque valley of the Wlsper to Oerolstein and (20 M.) Lorch (p. 125).
The railway continues to follow the pretty vaUey of the Aar. —
I4V2 M. Adolphseck (Kling), with a picturesque ruined castle j I71/2M.
Hohenstein (780 ft. ; Burg Hohenstein, very fair, pens. 4-41/2 Jf ;
Villa Alpin, pens. S^/4-i Jf), with the picturesque ruins of a strong-
hold destroyed in 1657. Several smaU stations. — 251/2 M. Zollhans
(Railway Hotel), junction for the narrow-gauge line to NastEtten
(St. Goarshausen, Braubach, p. 121), has a large cement-factory
and the Johannisbrunnenj a spring exploited by the ApoUinaris Go.
(p. 98). Burg-Schwalbach, with a ruined castle (restaurant, pens.
31/2-472 •^)j */4 ^ *o *^6 S.E., and the romantic rmn of HoKUnfeU
Digitized by VjOO^
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WIESBADEN. 21. Route, 145
(p. 121) may also be -visited from Zollhaus (1 hr.). — 27 M. Hahn-
«taft«n (465 ft.; NassauerHof, unpretending), with iron-ore deposits
(siderites). — 28 M. Oherneisen; 30 M. Flacht. To the right is the
ruin of Ardtck. — 3272 M. Dietz, see p. 218. — 34 M. Limburg,
see p. 219.
21. Wiesbaden.
Bailway Stations. 1. Tcmnu$ Station (PI E, 6; reatanrant), Bhein-Str.,
for the Taunus Bailway to Gastel (Mayence) and Frankfort (R. 29 a). —
2. Rhine Station (PI. E, 6; restaurant), Bheinbaha--<tr., for the Railway of the
Bight Bank (B. 20) and the Schwalbach Bailway (p. 143). — 3. Ludwig Station
(PI. E, 6), Bhein-Str., for the line to Niederhauscn (Frankfort - Limburg ;
B. 29 e). — The hotels do not send oinnibuse<« to meet the trains. Cabs, see
p. 147). — Tourist Agency : Sehoitenfelty Theatre Colonnade. — SteambocUt
stop at Biebrich (p. 136 j electric tramway, see p. 147j.
Hotels (most of the first-class houses provided with elevators, hot-air
heating, electric light, and thermal baths). ^I^assadxb Hor (PI. a*, E, 4),
Kaiser -Friedrich-Platz 3, with d^pendance *Hdtel Oranien (PI. f, E Sj
Bierstadter-Str. 2a), B. 3-10. B. IV2, D. (1 p m.) 4, pen««. from 9 Jt;
*Kai8Ebhof (PI. t; F, 6), Frankfarter-Str. 17. with a large garden, connected
by a covered passage with the well-equipped Augusta Victoria Bad (p. 152),
B. 3-10, B. 1V», D. (1 p.m.) 4, S. 3, pens. lOVslB Jf; •MAtropolk (PI. u;
£, 6), Wilhelm-Str. 8, with restau'ant (p. 146) and d^pendance Hdtel Monopole
(PI. n; E 6), B. 3-10, B. IV4, D. at 1 p.m., 3»/2, pens, from 9 Jf; •Hot. du
— v; E 5), — ^-^
PARC ET Bristol (PI. v; E 5), Wilhelm-Str. 30, with garden, frequented
by royalty, R. from 4, B. IVa, D. (1 p.m.) 4, pens, from 11 Jt; ♦Hot. Qdisi-
8ANA, Park-Str. 3 (pens. 8-14 Uf); •Rose (PI. c & 1^ E, 4), Kranz-PUtz 7-9,
R. 3-10, B. 1V«, D. at 1 p.m. 4, pen'", from 10 Jt; •H6t. Block (PI. g; E, 4),
Wilhelm-Str. M, B. 2V«-8, B. IV2, D. 3i/a, board from GVaUT} •Vier Jahre8-
ZEiTEN (PI. b ; E, 4), Kaiser-Friedrich-Platz 1 i Hotel Wilhelma (PI. v; E, 4),
Sonnenberger-Str. 1, family hotel, B. from 372, B. IV2, D. (1-3 p.m.) 4, pens,
from 10 Jf; •Hohknzollern (PI. w \ E, 5), Paulinen-Str. 10, in a pleasant
and quiet part of the town.
The following are somewhat less expensive : *HdTBL d^Akglbterrb
(PI. d; D, 4), Kranz-Platz 11, B. 3-6, B. IV4, D. 3, pens. 7V2-12 Jt;
•Victoria (PI. x; E, 6), corner of the Bhein-Str. and Wilhelm-Str.,
B. 8-8, B. IV4, D. 3-3V*. pens, from 8 Jf; *HdTEL Bkllevdb (PI. y; E, 5),
Wilhelm-Str. 26, B. 3-12, B. IV4, D. 4, pens, from 8 Jt; •Hotel Aeoib
g?l. a: E, 5), Thelemann-Str. 5; 'Promenade Hotel (Php; E, 5), Wilhelm-
tr. 24, witli wine room, B. 2-6. B. 1, D. 2, pens from 5 Jt; •Minerva
g?l. m; E, 6), Bhein-Str. 9, B. 2»/2 5 , B. 1, D.2V8, pens, from 6Uf; "H6tel
T.PsTBRSBCRa (PI. h ; E,6). Museum-Str.3, frequented by Bassians, B. 2V8-6,
B. IV4, D.3, pens. 7-10 Uf; *BHEiN-HdTEL (PI. r; E, 6), Rhein-Str. 16.
Second Class: ^Dahlhbim fPl. d; D, 3), Taunus-Str. 15, with restau-
rant, R. & B. 3-3V«. D. 2, pens. 6-7 Uf; 'National, Taunus-Str. 21, B. 2-4V»»
B. IV4, B. 2, pens. 5 8 Jt^ with restaurant; Alleesaal (PI. a; E,4), Taunus-
Str. 3, opposite the Eochbrunnen, B. 2i/s-10, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens. T-ibJtf
Hambokgbr Hof (hdtel garni? PI. h, B, 8,4), Taunus-Str. 11? Fdhr (PI.
B, 3), Geisberg-Str. 3, with restourant, D. l«/4-2 Jt: Savot (PI. #; D, 4),
Baren-Str. 3, W'th thermal baths ^ Westfalibcher Hop, Schiitzenhof-Str. 3,
B. A, B. 3-4, D 2V«, pens. 6V2 10 Jt; Schutzbnhof (PI. s; D, 5), Schutzen-
hof-Str. 4, with thermal baths, B. £ B. 3 3V2 I>. 2, pens. 5V2-7 Jt; Bender,
Hafner(!asse 10, with thermal bath" •, Hahn, Spiegelgasse 15, B. 2-3, B. 1,
pens, from 5 Jf; Braubach, Saalgasse 84, with restaurant. B. & B., from 2V2}
D. from IY4 Jt; Eronprinz, Tannus-'^tr. 46, Hebrew. — Also several Private
Hotels: •Bitter, Taunus-Str. 45, pens. 5-8 Jt; Schmidt, Wilhelm-Str. 22,
and others.
The following hotels are mainly frequented by passing travellers:
•Tauncb Hotel (PI. i j E,6), Bhein-Str. 19, first-class, B. from 2, B. 1, D. 3 JT j
Babobkbb's Bhine. 15th Edit. 10* ^
146 Route 21, WIESBADEN. Practical
*GBttNER Wald (PI. k ; D, 5), Markt-Str. 10; HStkl Weins , Bahnhof-Str. 7
(PI. D, 6), with garden, R. from I'/t, B. 1, D. 2, pens, from 6 Jt; H6tbl
Tannhausbb, Babnhof-Str. 8; HCtel Vogel, Bhein-Str. 27, opposite the
Taunus Station; Nonnenhof (PI. o; D, 5), Kirchgasse 39-41, R. 2-2V2, B.Vrl,
pens, from 6.#,* Einhobn, Harkt-Str. 32, R. 2-2V4 Jt; Hehlbr, Hiihlgasse 3
(PI. D, 4, 5); Union, Neugasse 7 (PI. D, 6), with wine-room; Schweinsbebg,
Rheinbahn-Str. 5, Beichspost, I^ikoIansStr. 16, both near the Rhine Station;
Ghbistliches Hospiz, Rosen-Str. 4 (PI. F, 6), and Oranien-Str. 63 (PI. D. 7;
less pretending), B. 2-7, board SVa Jt-
Outside the town (sdipted for summer -quarters), all with open-air
restaurants: Nbbobebo (803 ft.; PL B, C, 1: p. 152), B. 8-12, board 6 Jt;
Bahnholz (865 f(.; to the N. of PI. E, 1; p. 153), R. lVr3, board 3 U(^ 80 pf. ;
Waldegk (N.W. of PI. A. 2, 8), Aar-Str., in the Adams-Thai (p. 153); Wil-
helmshohe, on the Bingert (p. 154), 10 min. above Sonnenberg. — Hdtei
Restaurant Taunutblidk^ eee p. 143.
Bath Houses (also hotels and pensions). *Schwarzbb Bock, Kranz-
Platz 12 (PI. D. 4), R. 3-7, pens, ft-om 8 Of; Kaisebbad (PI. jfc; E, 4, 5),
Wilhelm-Str. 42, R. 2>/2-16, pens, from l^jtM; •Romebbad (PI. m; D, 4),
Kochbrunnen-Platz 3 ; Goldenb Ebonb (PI. p ; D, 4), Langgasse 36 ; Pabiser
Hof, Spiegelgasse; *K6lni8GHeb Hop, Kleine Burg-Str. 6, B. 3-6, hoard
4-5 jH; Weisses Ross, Eochbrunnen-Platz 2, R. 2Vs'6 jH,
Pensions. Pention Internationale (Mrs. Somerville and Miss Gratrix),
Mainzer Stri8 (5-8 Uf); Rheinttein., Taunus Str.43; ffdtel VUlaRoyale, Sonnen-
berger-Str. 28 (7-16 Jl)-^ HOUl-Pemion .Biewier, Sonnenberger-Slr. 11 (6Va-
12 j$)\ Kordina^ Sonnenberger-Str. 10(6-SUl?); vaia Primeuin LuUe, Sonnen-
berger-Str. 15; Winter^ Sonnenberger-Str. 14 (5-10 Ulf); Oermania^ Sonnen-
berger-Str. 26 (6-9 Jl)\ Villa Bontssia, Sonnenberger-Str. 29 (from 9 U?);
Kaiser Wahelm, Paulinen-Str. 7; VUla Roma. Garten-Str. 1 ; Windsor^ Leber-
bertj 4 (5-12 J() ; Villa Roos-Rvpprecht; VUla Olanda^ Grunweg 1 ; Columbia,
Garten-Str. 14; Primavera. Park-Sir, 15; Margaretha, Thelemann-Str. 3
(6-10 U?); Monbijou, Erath-Str. 11; Ored<J, Leberberg 1 (5-9 UT); Villa Mon-
reposy Frankfurter-Str. 6; Villa Orandpair, Emser-Str. 13, and many others.
At Wiesbaden an arrangement should always be made as to the length
of notice required from visitors leaving a pension.
Restaurants. At the *Curhaut (see p. 149), D. (i-3p.m.) 4 Jt; "Cafi-
Restaurant Mitropole, WiWmlm-i^tr. 8 (p. 145), 1). (12-2.3frp.m.) 2Y2-3V2 J(;
^RaiTiskeller , in the Rathhaus (p. 150; entr, from the Markt-Str.), D. IVa,
2,&QJl (badly ventilated); Orilner Wald (see p. 145), Markt-Str. 10; *Mutter-
Engel^ Langgasse 46, D. 174-21/2 M; Ca/dt Orient a.ni Beatuite (see below);
Nonnenho/j see above, D. 1 Uf 90 & 1 Uf SO pf. ; Deutsclur Keller^ at the Rhein-
Hotel (p. 145), D. from i^lzJt; Buchmann^ Spiegelgasse 5; Rothes Haus^
Kirchgasse 60, D. I-IV2 Jt; Krokodil (with bedrooms to let), Luisen-Str. 37,
D. IV4 Jf; Poths, Langgasse 11 ; ScMUsenhof (;p. 143), with garden, moderate;
SchUtzenhaus (John)^ Unter den Eichen, with garden, D. from IV4, S. from
1 J(; Friedrichshof, Friedrich-Str. 86; Tivoli, Luisen-Str. 2, D. I-IV2 U( ;
Vogely see above. — Wine. *RathshelUry see above ; Maleparius^ Langgasse 43 ;
Rhenish Wine Room^ Spiegelgasse 4, D. fW>m IV4 Ji^ often crowded at midday
in summer; Meier^ Luisen-Str. 12, D. IV^Ulf; *Pohl, Michelsberg 10 ; Rhein-
gauer Winterstube (depftt of the Winaer-Verein), Bahnhof-Str. 5.— Lunchbom
Booms : ^Oreiher, Heugasse 24. — - *Continenial Bodega^ Wilhelm-Str. 18;
Central Bodega^ Untere Webergasse 23.
Cafes. *Cafi ffohentoUem, Wilhelm-Str. 8; *Blitm, Wilhelm-Str. 40);
Kaiserbad^ Wilhelm-Str. 42; several caf^ in the Cur-Oarteny see p. 149,
'^Orient (Pi. A, 1: p. 158), Unter den Eichen, in the Moorish style; Beavsite
(Bl. B, 2; p. 152), both with gardens, much frequented on summer-afternoons
— Oonfeetioners. Ctifi Blum and Cafi Kaiserbad (see above); *Lehmann
Grosse Burg-Str. 14; Kunder, Museum-Str. 8. — Milk Rooms, at the Bad
l^erothal (see p. 147).
Visitors' Tax. The following tariff is paid for admission to the Gurhaus:
(a) For a year: 1 person dO Jt, for families, each additional pers. iOJf. —
(b) For six weeks: 1 person 15 »#) for families, each pers. additional 5 »#• —
Notes,
WIESBADEN.
21.B0UU, 147
<c) For a day, 1 U(. Extra -tickets required for large garden -fStes, special
concerts, etc. The following charges are made for the use of the Koch-
bmnnen: daily tickets 10 pf., quarterly 3, yearly 6 •#. — The Curverein
(office in the Gursaal) will supply visitors with any information they may
desire.
Sanatoria. Lindenhof (Dr. van HeenenX Walkmiihl-Str. 45 (PI. A, 3) \
JHetmmUhle (PI. G, 3), Park-Str. 44 (Dr. Watzoldt)^ Dr. QierlicKi Curhaus^
Schone Aussicbt 30 (PI. F, 3, 4) ; Nerothal^ at the entrance to the lierothal
(PL G, 2; Dr. Schubert; pens. 6*12 U(); in these baths of all kinds, treat-
ment by massage, electrotherapy, etc. — Besides the above-mentioned,
there are several other establishments for nervous complaints, maladies
of the eyes, etc.
Theatres. * Royal Theatre (PI. E,4; seep. 148), for opera, drama, and
ballet; special performances at raised prices in May (but not every year);
clo'ied from the middle of July to the end of August. — RendenX'Theater
(PI. D, 6), Bahnhof-Str. 20, for modem plays and farces, reserved seat
2-3 jH; Walhalla(V\. D, 5), Mauritius-Str. la; ReichshaUen, Stift-Str. 16, these
two theatres of varieties.
Concerts in the Cur-Garten or Cursaal daily, 4-5.30 and 8-9.30 p.m. ; also
in summer at the Kochbrtinnen , 6.30-8 a.m. (50 pf. ; free to subscribers to
the Gurhaus). — Orchestral Oonoerts in winter in the CwJunu (ev. Frid.
from Kov. to Feb.; 5, 4, 2 UV) and at the Royal Theatre (six symphony
concerts). The Verein der KUnttUr und Kunelfreunde gives concerts of chamber
music in the Victoria Hotel.
Festivals. Masked balls, etc., in the Curhaus. — Battle of Flower* in
the Cursaal-Platz, during the special May performances in the theatre (but
not every year). — Andreeu-Markt, in the Luxemburg-Plata (PL C, 7), on
the first Thurs. & Frid. in December, followed at night by confetti-throwing,
etc., in the Restaurant M^tropole, Bathskeller, Hot. Qruner Wald, etc.
Permanent Exhibition.. R. Bavjfer't Eunet- Salon ^ Taunus-Str. 6, adm.
i J(; Nattauiseher Kunttverein, in the Museum (p. 150), adm. free.
Cycling Tracks, ff. GrUn^ Mainzer-Str. ; Stoll^ Adolfsbohe (p. 153). —
Iiawn Texmis Courts. Blumenwiese (PI. G, 4), in the Cur-Garten; Beatuite
(p. 152); Spori-Plaiz det EUkluUy in the Wolkenbruch (PL A, 1).
Cab Tariff (double^fares from 11 p. m. to 6 or 7 a. m.).
Drive in the town or to any of the villas as far as
the Dietenmiihle
1-2 persons
3-4 persons
By time: per hour* within the town, 1-4 pers
- beyond
^ .. "k (In each case the hirer
lussian Ghapel Tlr '?n? Ven re'
Neroberg BierstSdter Warte, or S 4%f ' ^f >» J Jf «°jim;
T»<l^S!?!!\f fa'«8 ; each additional
, Biel>rfcl» I v, hr. 30-50 pf.)
To the Russian Ghapel, Neroberg, Platte, and back,
with stay of IV2 hr
To Schlangenbad, \i& Biebrich A Bauenthal (1/2 day)
To Schwalbach and back (whole day)
To Schwalbach, and back by Schlangenbad
To Eppstein and Eonigstein, and back (1 day) ....
Trunk 20 pf , smaller articles free. — To or from the railway-stations
20 pf. extra.
The Taxameter Cabs, recognized by their red wheels, have a special
tariflf (by time).
Electric Tramways (with transfer-tickets). 1. (with red board): From
Bia>rieh (p. 136) via Adolfshdhe (p. 163) , Rondel (PL D , 8) , Adolfs-Allee
(PL D, 7. 6; returning by the Moritz-Str ), the Railway Stations (PL E, 6),
Wilhelm-Str., and Kochbrunnen to BeauiUe (PL B, 1, 2), 2 min. from the
10*
One-h.
Jfvt
TufO-h.
Ufpf.
- 60
-80
2-
280
- 90
1 10
3-
4 —
1 —
1 70
240
280
1 40
2 -
3 —
380
9.40
13.30
16-
16 -
25-
12-
16 30
18 50
20 —
32-
148 Route 21, WIESBADEN. History.
terminus of the Keroberg railway (p. 152). Last car at 11.80 (back 12 mid-
night) ; fare 80 pf. \ from the Railway Stations 15, from the Gurhans 10 pf.
— 2. (yellow board) : From the Lcmgenbtci-Phxtz (PI. F, 7) via the Railway
Stations KirchgHSse (PI. D, 6, 5), Langgasse, Eochbrunnen , and Sonnen-
berger-Str. (PI E-G, 4, 3) to Sonnenberg (p. lo3); fare 30 pf., from the
Rossler-Str. 10 pf. — 8. (blue board) : From the Raihony Siattont (PI. E, 6),
via Markt-Str. (PI. D, 5), Bmser-Str., Walkmiihl - Str. (Lindenhof), and
Schutzen-Str. to Unter den Eichen (PI. A, 1; p. 153); fare 20 pf., from the
Schloss-Platz 15 pf. — 4. (green board): From the Railway Stationfl via the
Ringkirche (PI. B, C. 6), and Sedan-Platz (PI. B, 0. 5) to the Eftuer-Straste
(PI B, G, 4*7 fare 10 pf.), going on in summer between 4 and 7 p.m. to
Unter der Eich&n (20 pf.). — The cars start every 71/2 min. , or on certain
sections every V4 br. in the forenoon (comp. the pocket tin "
The principal terminus is in front of the Taunus Stat. on.
Post and Telegraph OfAce (PI. £,6), Rhein-Str. 25; branch-offtces at
Taunus-Str. 1 (PL E, 4), etc.
English Ohurch (8t. Auguatine"*) in the Wilhelm-Strasse ; services at
8.80 and 11 a.m. and 5 p.m. (summer 6 p.m.). Ghaplain, Rev. E. /. TreUe^
Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring 86.
Wiesbaden (385 ft. above the sea-level, 90 ft. above the Rhine),
with 86,000 inhab., formerly the capital of the Duchy of Nassau,
lies on the S.W. spurs of the Taunus Mts., in a basin surrounded
by orchards and vineyards. The pleasant town, with its attractive
public grounds and beautiful environs, is annually visited by up-
wards of 130,000 patients and travellers. The excellence of its
sanatory establishments, coupled with the mildness of the climate
(mean annual temperature 51^ Fahr.), renders it a favourite resort
of strangers, even in winter, when living is moreover less expen-
sive than in summer.
Wieibaden^ the Roman Aquae Mattiaeomm^ was one of the Roman forts
to defend the frontier of the Main and may have existed as such Irom the
time of Brusus. Discoveries made in the Hauritius-Str. (1895-97) show that
it was already a considerable settlement in the middle of the first century
of our era (canabse, see p. 156). This was probably destroyed by the
Mattiaci in 69-70 A.D., but had again attained prosperity at the end of the
century as the chief place of the Civita* Mattiacorum, In the reign of Do-
mitian the Wiesbaden castle (p. 150) was still one of the advanced defences
of Mayence , but Hadrian removed the garrison (Gohors II. Reetorum) to
the Saalburg (p. 244). Pliny (Hist. Kat. xxi. 2) refers to the warm springs
in the following words : '■Sunt Mattiaci in Oennania fontes calidi trans Rhe-
nuiHy quorum haustus triduo ferveC. — In the Frankish period and later
'Wisibada^ appears as the capital of a district called 'Ednigssundra-Gau\
It was the capital of the Counts of !Nassau-Idstein and I^assau-Usingen
from 1355 onwards, and of the duchy of ^Nassau from 1816 to 1866.
From the Rail-way Stations (PI. E, 6) the traveller crosses the
Rhein-Str. (p. 161) and enters the Wilhelm-Strasae (PI. E, 6, 5, 4),
the Gorso of Wiesbaden, planted with trees and flanked with hotels,
attractive shops, and the Museum (p. 150). To the right it is ad-
joined by the Wilhelms-Platz (PI. E, 5, 6), with a bronze Statue of
Bismarck, by Herter (1898), and by the Anlagen, or public pleasure-
grounds, of the Warme Damm (PI. E, 5), in which rises Schilling's
^Monument to Emp, WiUiam I. (1894). — Farther on is the back
of the Boyal Theatre (PI. E, 4), built in 1892-94 by Fellrher and
Hellmer (handsome baroque interior; new foyer by Oensmer, 1902).
At the end of the avenue, to the left, lies the Kaisbb-Fbiedbich-
Ourhaus, ' WIESBADEN. 21. Route. 149
PiiATZ (PI. E, 4), adorned with a bronze Statue ofEmp. Frederick III.
by Upliues (1897). — On the right is the Oubsaal-Platz, em-
bellished with flower-beds and two fountains, and flanked by
spacious Doric Colonnades (PI. E, 4), which serve as a bazaar. In
the new colonnade is the entrance to the Royal Theatre (p. 148).
Above the old colonnade is a bronze bust of the poet Bodenstedt,
who died at Wiesbaden in 1892.
The Cnrhans (PL E, 4; adm., see p. 147), built in 1809-10
from designs by Zais, and dedicated Tontibus Mattiacis', is about
to be rebuilt. The facade consists of an Ionic portico, while at the
sides are long colonnades supported by Doric columns. The principal
haU is 121 ft. long, 49 ft. wide, and 33 ft. high. The orchestra
galleries are supported by 28 Corinthian columns and 4 half-columns
of red and grey marble. On the N. side is the restaurant, on the S.
side the concert and ball rooms and the reading-rooms.
The *Ciir-Park, at the back of the Curhaus, with which it com-
municates by an iron arcade, is the favourite afternoon and evening
lounge of visitors to the baths, as well as of excursionists from
Mayence and the neighbourhood, who, especially on Sundays, flock
to these shady grounds to sip their coffee and enjoy the music. A
fountain with a jet 100 ft. in height plays in the great pond every
afternoon. — To the S. of the Our-Park lies the handsomest residen-
tial quarter of the town, with numerous attractive villas and gardens,
especially in the Park-Strasse, Rosen-Strasse, and Blumen-Strasse.
To the N. of the Cursaal-Platz, on the hill above the Sonnen-
berger-Str. (p. 153), is the Paulinen-Schlosschen (PI. E, 4), which
will serve as a temporary Curhaus during the rebuilding of the
present structure.
From the N. end of the Wilhelm-Str. the Taunus-Strassb
(PI. D, E, 3, 4) runs to the N. towards the Nerothal (comp. p. 152).
To the left stands the Trinkhalle (PI. D, 4), built by BogUr in
1888-90 and consisting of a central pavilion and three colonnades
enclosing a garden. Visitors drink the waters here from 6 or 7
to 8 a.m. and at Intervals throughout the day (concerts, see p. 147).
Below the central pavilion is the Kochbrunnen (PI. D, 4), the combined
outpour of 16 hot springs, which rise within an area of a few square yards
and yield about 5000 gallons per hour. The water has a natural temperature
of 156** Fahr. and contains 8.76 per cent of solid matter, chiefly chloride of
sodium. The external use of the waters is beneficial in cases of rheu-
matism, gout, neuralgia, and other nervous diseases, their action resem-
bling that of the Wildbad springs, like which they contain very little salt.
Internally they are prescribed for chronic dyspepsia, excessive obesity, etc.
In addition to the Kochbrunnen, which, however, is almost entirely used
for drinking, there are no fewer than 23 bathing-springs, the chief of which
are the Schtitzenhof-Quelle and the Adler-Qnelle.
The marble Hygieia Group in the E&anz-Platz (PI. D, 4) is by
Hoffmann of Wiesbaden. The Langgasse (PI. D, 4, 5), which issues
from the Eranz-Platz, and the first cross-street to the left, the
XJntere Webergasse, are the main streets of the old part i^f the town.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
150 BouU2l. WIESBADEN. Palace.
From about the middle of the Langgasse the Kirchhofgasse leads to
the right to the old Cemetery^ now turned into a promenade (good view)
and partly destroyed by the formation of a new street througu it (1902).
On its N.E. side stretches the Heidentnauer ('heathens walFj PI. D, 4), a
line of £oman masonry. 66 ft. long, 15 ft. nigh, and 9 ft. thick. It waa
probably part of the defences erected under Diocletian soon after 3(X) A.D.
On the top of the Michdtherg (PI. D, 5) stands the Synagogue, a Moorish
structure with five cupolas, built by HoflFmann in 1863-69.
At the end of the Langgasse we turn to the left, along the Markt-
Str., cross the Schloss-Platz and the Mabkt-Platz (PI. D, E, 6},
and regain the Wilhelm-Str. (p. 148).
The royal (formerly ducal) Palace (PI. D, 5), on the W. side
of the Schloss-Platz, was built by Qotrz in 1837-40, and renovated in
1883. Visitors are admitted daily from 10 to 4, 5, or G(adm. 25 pf. ;
entrance through the *0avalierhau8'). The staircase is adorned with
eight sandstone statues by Sch'Wanthaler, and in the dining-room
are two Spanish dancers, over lifesize, by the same sculptor. The
reception and ball rooms are embellished with frescoes by Pose, and
some of the other rooms contain good pictures by modern masters.
— Adjoining it is the * Wilhelms-Heilanstalt\ or military hospital,
built by Hoffmann (1871).
The BatUiaus (PI. D, 5) is a handsome building in the German
Renaissance style, erected in 1884-87 from Hauberrisser's designs.
On the balcony above the flight of steps are statues of four civic
virtues by Schies, The great hall is still unfinished. — The Raths-
keller (p. 146) is decorated with frescoes by Koglefj Scklitt, and
Weimar.
The Gothic Markt-Kirche (PI. E, 5 ; Prot.), built by Boos of
polished bricks in 1853-62, has five towers (the principal nearly
300 ft. high). The choir is adorned with colossal marble statues of
Christ and the four Evangelists, by E. Hopfgarten, Bell for the
sacristan on the right of the main entrance (V2"l *^)' — The aA-
joinmg High School for Girla, a handsome Gothic edifice in sandstone,
was built by Genzmer (1901).
In the centre of the market-place rises a new Fountain (Markt-
Brunnen; 1902).
The Museum (PI. E, 5), Wilhelm-Str. 20, occupying a building
erected by Zais in 1813-17 as a palace for the crown-prince, con-
tains the municipal picture-gallery, collections of antiquities and
natural history specimens, and a library.
The Piotnre Gallery, on the groundfloor to the right, is open daily,
except Sat., 11-1 and 3-5 (in winter, 3-4); on Sun., 10-1; catalogue (1901)
40 pf. It contains a collection of modern pictures and some early German
and Netherlandish works, etc. (many concealed by pictures exhibited by
the Nassau Art Union). — Boom I., chiefly early works. On the entfance-
wall: 189. Jan FytO\ Head of a sporting dog-, 164. Imitator of Rembrandt
(18th cent.), Faust and Mephistopheles •, 230. E. de Witte^ Synagogue at
Amsterdam; 221. Hans 8chau/elin^ Portrait. Opposite: 228. Joosvan Craes-
beeck^ Officer; 158. Angelica Kaufmann^ Portrait; 255. Antwerp School
(IBth cent.), Pieta f copy of Quinten Matsys ?) ; no number, Lenbach^ Portrait
(1885). — Boom II., chiefly early -German works; 17. School of Cranachy
Museum. WIESBADEN. 21. Route. 151
Mary Magdalen; 9. B. Bruyn the Elder ^ Visitation (early work); 264. Jan van
Ravesteifni'i)^ Portrait; 220. L. Cranach^ Adam and Kve; 18. Master of the Holy
'Kinship 8t. Bernard, with holy women. To the left: Oirol. Mazzola (Parmese
School), Betrothal of St. Catharine. — Room III., chiefly Netherlandish
works. 1st Section : W. v. Kobdl^ 43. Best, 45. Steep hill (1790) ; 55, i». de Rinff,
Still-life; 80. P. Wouverman, Horses; 64. F. Snydert Still-life. —2nd Section :
72. Ruhent^ Battle of Amazons ( riginal in Munich) ; 227. /. Wynantt, Land-
scape (signature forged); 229. Com. Huytmans^ Arcadian landscape. Wall:
to the left, 231, *76. W. van de Velde, Sea-pieces. — Room IV. Modern
German works: 176. F. Piloty^ Sir Thomas More in prison; 262. TrVbner^
Convent-court at Amorbach (1899); L. Knaus, 244. Spring-idyll, *184. Tavern-
scene; 213. ff. Baisch^ Spring-morning; 237. Weiehaupt^ Sheep in early spring;
261. F?fic*er, Landscape; no number, Hans Th&ma^ Children in the poultry
yard. — Boom V. Modem German works: 166. Letting^ Forest-scene; 243,
E. LugOy Grove; 195. 0. Achenbach, Coast near Naples; 196. H. Thoma^
Landscape. By the window, modern French and German plaquettes and
medals. — Boom VI. 202. Lindeneehmitt , Lnther before Cardinal Cajetan
At Augsburg in 1518. By the window, plaquettes and medals.
The Oollection of Antiquities, on the groundfloor, to the left, is open
in summer on Mon., Tues.. Wed., Thurs., & Frid. 11-1 & 3-5, on Sun. 10-1
(in winter on Wed. & Sat. 11-1 only) ; at other times on application to the
keeper, Friedrich-Str. 1, fee 50 pf. ; good catalogue (1899) 1 Jt. Antk-Room.
Boman inscriptions, mile'stones, tombstones, bridge-piles. — Room I. Objects
of the stone, bronze, and iron ages. — Room II. Roman antiquities; broD7e
door from Mayence; in the cases bronze statuettes and reliefs and other
small articles In the middle, Boman and Frankish ornaments. — Boom III.
Greek and Italic pottery; ""Jupiter Column from Schierstein, erected by a
legionary in 221 A.D. i model of the Boman fortress on the Heidenberg
(p. 152); Mithras stone from Heddemheim. — Boom IV. Remains of heating-
apparatus; female figure (Muse?); figure of Jupiter. — Boom V. Boman
coins, glass, and shoes ; "^Inscription in bronze-gilt letters, in honour of
Caracalla (213 A.D.), from fortress on the Pfahlgraben at Holzhausen. —
Room VI. Objects found in Alemanuian and Frankish tombs (ca. 350-800
A.D.). — Room VII. Medieeval and modem objects. In the middle, Roman
and Nassovian coins. — Room VIII. Instruments of torture, ecclesiastical
sculptures; local costumes of Nassau; stained glass. In the middle, tomb-
stones of Diether UI. (p. 120) and Diether IV. (d. lol5). Counts of Katzen-
elnbogen. — The Demmin Bequest , including a rich collection of pottery,
is exhibited in the municipal excise-office, Neugasse 6 (PI. D, 5).
The first floor contains a well-arranged Natubal Histoht Collection
(adm. in summer, Mon., Tues., Thurs., & Frid. 3-5, Sun. 11-1).
The LiB&ARY (daily, except Sun., 10-1 d^ 3-8), in the upper story, con-
tains 120,(XX) printed volumes and many valuable old MSS. Among its
treasures are the Vision of St. Hildegard (3IS. of the 12-13th cent.); Portion
of an astronomical calendar of 1447, being the earliest printed work by
Gutenberg to which a date can be assigned (discovered in 1901); and the
Mayence Calholicon of 1460 (comp. p. 163).
The Roman Catholic Church of St. Bonifacius (PI. D, 5, 6), in
the Lulsen-Platz (PI. D, 6), on the N. side of tbe Rhbin-Stbassb
(Pi. 0, D, E, 6J, was built by Hoffmann in 1844-49, and is a hand-
some structure in the Romanesque style, with Gothic details and
groined vaulting. Altar-piece on the right, Madonna and Child, by
Steinle; left, St. Boniface, by Bethel. — In front of the church is a
sandstone Obelisk, erected in 1865 to the memory of the Nassovian
soldiers who fell at Waterloo. — To the W. the Rhein-Str. ends at
the Protestant Bingkirche (PI. B, C, 6), a noteworthy edifice by Otzen,
in the late-Romanesque style, consecrated in 1894 (sacristan, An
der Ringkirche 3 ; fee 60 pf.).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
152 BouU 21. WIESBADEN. Environs,.
The Frankfu/rter-Strasse (PL E, F, 6, 6J , diverging from the
Wllhelm-Str. opposite the Museum (p. 150j, fonns the chief ap-
proach to the Rbsidbntial Quartbe on the S.E. side of the town.
Immediately to the right is the English Church (Pl.E, 6). Farther
on, in the Victoria-Str., is the *Anga8ta Victoria Bad (PI. F, 6), a
handsome Renaissance building, erected in 1890-94. Its interior
arrangements are very complete and interesting (adm. 1 uSf).
In the high-lying humbler quarter to the W. of the Taunus-Str.
stands the Protestant Bergkirche (PI. D, 4), a good example of Hano-
verian Gothic, by Otzen (1877-79). The interior is adorned with
frescoes by Schmidt. — At the corner of the Keller -Str. and
Platter-Str. lies the Roman Catholic Mariahilf-Kircht (PI. 0, 3, 4),
built by Meckel in the Rhenish Transitional style (1893-95).
The adjacent Gastell-Strasse (PI. G, 4) recalls by its name the Roman
Castle (p. 148), of which remains were found in 1833 on the top of the
Heidenberg here.
Near the Mariahilf Church is the Old Cemetery (PI. C, 3), with a mau-
soleum of the Duchess Pauline (d. 1856) and other handsome monuments.
— I he New Cemetery (PL A, 1), at the terminus of tramway No. 3 (p. 148),
contains the tombs of Franz Abt (d. 1835) and F. Bodenstedt (p. 14b).
Enyieonb op Wibsbadbn.
The most popular open-air resort near Wiesbaden, frequented
alike by walker, driYer, and cyclist, is the charming *Nerothal,
at the entrance to which (PI. C, D, 2) is a War Monument (1872).
Two roads, the new Echo-Strasse (left) and the old road (tramway
No. 1) , affording pleasant views of the vine-clad Neroberg and the
Greek Chapel, lead along the valley to (8/4 M.) the CafS-Restaurant
Beauaite and the station of the Neroberg Cable Tramway (train ev.
Y4-72 ^^' ill summer; fare 25, down 16, up and down 30 pf.).
The road ascends to the Platter- Str aste (p. 152), passing a monument
to the geologist Koch (d. 1888), a quartzite quarry, and the insignificant
Leichtweiu Cavern, where the pretty road to the Rabengrund diverges to
the right (see p. 153).
The wooded •Keroberg (800 ft. ; PI. B, 0, 1), to the N.E. of,
and 1/4 hr. above Beausite, is ascended by the cable-tramway, by a
steep zigzag path, and by the pleasant ^Philosophenweg'. At the top is
a frequented Hdtel-Restaurant (p. 146). The tower (10 pf.) affords
a fine view of the Taunus, with the Rhine valley and the Odenwald
to the S.E. , the towers of Mayence to the S. (beyond the Biebrich
water-tower), and the distant Donnersberg (p. 286) to the W.
To the S.E., a few minutes below the summit (most easily
reached from the Neroberg-Str. station of the tramway ; pleasantest
route through the Dambach-Thal^ PI. D, 2), is situated the ♦Greek
Chapel (PI. C, 1 ; 538 ft.), erected in 1848-55 from the designs of
Hoffmann as a mausoleum for the Duchess Elizabeth Michailowna,
a Russian princess (d. 1845).
The richly-decorated chapel, 90 ft. in height, in the form of a Greek
cross, is covered by a large and four smaller domes, all gilded and sur-
mounted by Russian double crosses. The highest cross is 180 ft from the
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Ermrow. WIESBADEN. 21, Route, 153
ground. The interior is entirely of marble. A rich altar-screen (Jkonostcu)^
with namerous figures of saints on a golden ground, painted in Russia,
separates the body of the chapel from the choir, to which the priests and
their attendants alone have access. The altar, above which is a window
with a stained-glass figure of the Saviour, is visible only during divine
service. A pentagonal recess on the N. side contains the beautiful Mon-
ument of the Duchess^ by Emil Hopfgarten. The angels, prophets, and
evangelists in the dome and spandrels are by the painter Aug. Hopfgarten.
Except during the Sun. service (11-1; in summer only), the chapel is
shown by the sacristan, who lives near the Russian cemetery (1 .#, several
persons 50 pf. each).
Pleasant walks intersect the wood (fine old oaks) in every di-
rection and extend past the Reservoir and the (35 mln.) Trauerbuche
(finger-post) to the (II/4 hr.) Platte (see below). Other paths, also
indicated by finger-posts, lead to the Speierskopf (V4 hr.), the
Felsengruppe (Q^ miii,')j the Leichtweisshohle (2b min. ] p. 152), and
past the Melibocu8 Oak to the Hdtel-Rtstaurant Bahriholt (p. 146).
The Platte (1640 ft.), a hill about 41/2 M. to the N. of Wies-
baden (comp. the Map, p. 130), with a shooting-lodge of the Grand-
Duke of Luxembourg, built in 1824, is frequently visited for the
extensive view (finest by evening-light). The two fine stags at the
entrance were modelled by Ranch ; in the interior is a fine collection
of antlers and furniture made from antlers (adm. 1 USf, for a party
50 pf. each). Inn adjacent. Besides the above-mentioned footpath
and the Nerothal road, the Platte is reached by the Plattbb-St&assb,
which leads past the cemeteries (cab, see p. 147).
Kear the Kew Cemetery (p. 152) and the SehiUzenhallen is the popular
resort known as *Unter den Eiohen' (terminus of the electric tramway
No. 3, p. 148), with various unpretending garden-restaurants. Forest-paths
lead hence to the charm ngly situated Augusta Victoria Temple (2 min. to
the N. of the last bend of the tramway) and to the K.W. through the
Adams-Thai to the (Vs hr.) Waldhdu$ehea (garden-restaurant) and the (10 min.)
Pisoioaltural Establishment, to which visitors are admitted by the keeper
(restaurant). We may return by the Platter-Str. (comp. Map, p. 130), or,
crossing this road, by a footpath through the pine-woods and the Rdben-
grund (p. 162).
About 2 M. to the W. of Wiesbaden, to the right of the old Schwal-
bach (Ems) road, lies the nunnery of Clarenthal (rfmta.), founded in 1296
by King Adolph of Nassau and his consort Imagina of Limburg. and
dissolved in 1569. A little farther up is a building formerly used as a
Pheatantry (Fatanerie), with an old park. A shady footpath leads hence to
the (i/shr.) Chaueseehaus mentioned at p. 148.
Wiesbaden is connected with Mo$bach~Biebrich (p. 135 ; 3 M.
to the S.) by the Adolfs-Alltfe (PI. D, 7), the Biebricher Strasse
(PI. D, 8)l, and the Wiesbadener AlMe, each with a double avenue
of horse-chestnuts. Halfway to the village, beyond the Adolfihbhe,
are the Nexie Adolf shohe and Rheinhohe, two caf ^s-restaurants. Farther
on is the Biebrich Water Tower , built in 1897 (view extending to
the Niederwald). Those who use the electric tramway (No. 1, p. 147)
should alight in Mosbach at the *Schloss-Park' station and walk
through the park to the Rhine (1/4 hr.).
By following either the villa-lined Sonnbnbebobb-St&abbb (PL
E, F, 4 ; electric tramway No. 2, p. 148) or the promenades, skirting
Digitized by VjOOQ
154 RouU22. MAYENOE. Praetiedl
the Rambach^ we reach (1/2 hr.) Sonnenberg (Nasmuer Hof), a large
-village with a new Roman Catholic church and a castle, which once
belonged to the Counts of Nassau and was destroyed by the French
in 1689 (tavern at the top). The toWer (116 steps) commands a
pretty view. From the ruins a road leads to the N.E. to the (I/4 hr.)
Bingert (946 ft. ; view), which is marked by three trees. Higher
up the valley is the Stickel^Muhley a favourite garden-restaurant, a
little beyond which is the charmingly situated village of Rambaeh
(770 ft.).
From Bambach we may ascend (1 hr.) the * Kelt erskopf ii56S ft. ; rfmta. ;
view-tower, 10 pf.), which rises to the K. The descent may be made to
(s/4 hr.) Niedernhaus9n (p. 249).
22. Mayence.
Bailway Stations. The Central Railway Station (PI. E, F, 1^
^Restaurant) for the trains to Bingen, Worms, Mannheim, Frankfort (by
the left bank of the Main), and Darmstadt. Hotel-omnibuses meet the
trains. — The 8. part of the town is served by the IfaoTHoa Station
(PI. A, 3), which is connected with the Central Station by a tunnel under
the citadel, 1300 yds. long. — Passengers and luggage are conveyed by
omnibuses from the Central Station to the station at Gastel (p. 241), for the
trains to Frankfort, Wiesbaden, Riidesheim, Lahnstein. etc. The omnibus-
fare (40 pf.) is included in the price of through-tickets. There is also a
tramway between the stations (25 pf.). Cabs, see p. 155.
Hotels. Near the Rhine: 'Hotel db Hollands (PI. c; D, 5), Bhein-
Str. 71, with hot-air heating, R. from 3, B. IVrlVai ^' 3V2, omn. »/4 Jf;
HdTEL DD Rhin (PI. a; D, 5), Rhein-Str. 63, R. Irom 2% B. 11/4, D. 3,
omn. 8/4 Jf; Hotel d'Angleteere (PI. b; D, 5), Rhein-Str. 89. R. from 2V2,
B. IV4, D. S Jt; these three are of the first class, with lifts. — *Stadt
CoBLENZ (PI. h; C, 4), Rhein-Str. 49, with good wine-restaurant, D. 2^/2 *S;
Gkrmania (PI. g; C, 4), Rhein-Str. 43, R. IV2 Jf, B. 80 pf., D. from IV2 JC.
— In the Town (commercial) : Karpfen (PI. k; C, 4), Am Brand; Landsbero
(PI. 1; D, 41, Lohr-Str. 29, with wine-restaurant, R. iVa-aVaUT, B. 80 pf.,
D. 1-1 «/2 Jf; Hotel zur Post (PI. m; C, 4), Brandgasse 14, R. 1V2-3,
B. 8/4 Jt. — Near the Central Station: Central Hotel (PI. d; F, 2),
Bahnhofs-Platz 8, with restaurant, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 2V2 Jf; Bahnhof-Hotel
(PI. ej F, 2), Bahnhofs-Platz 6, R. 2-3V2, B. 1 •^T; Horn's Pfalzbr Hof
(PI. n; E, 2), Munster-Platz 5, with restaurant; Continental (PI. f; E, 2),
Bahnhof-Str. 13; Mainzer Hof (PI. o; E, 2), corner of Bahnhof-Str. and
Parcus-Str.; Tadnds Hotel (PI. i; E, l^j Bahnhof-Str. 17, with good
restaurant, R. 2-3, B. 1, D. lVr2V2 Jt. — Hessischer Hof (PI. s; E, F, 2),
Bahnhof-Str. 12 5 Pfeil (PI. r; F, 1^, Bahnhof-Str. 14; Weis (PI. q; E, 2),
Bahnhof-Str. 2; Binges Hof (PL p; F, 2), Kaiser- Wilhelm- Ring 2; these
four ujipretending.
Restaurants. Wine. *(kuino turn Gutenberg ^ GTOsaQBlexoihQ^'^* Concert'
haus, Grosse Bleiche 56 (p. 167); Stadthalle (p. 159), Rhine Promenade,
with view-terrace, much frequented in summer; '^Rathskeller, Alte Uni-
versitats-Str. 11, behind the theatre, good M«selle; Rheingauer Weinetube,
Dominikaner-Str. 8; AUe Rheingatter Weinstube, Seharlwg, both in the
Triton-Platz (PI. D, 3). — Beer. *'Caf^ de Paris, see below, Woeker, see
below; Stadthalle^ see above; * Rathskeller, see above; ^Heilige Geist (p. 160),
Mailandsgasse, near the Rhein-Str.; Sehdfferhof, Schustergasse 20. plain.
Beer-rooms of the Rheinische Brauerei and the AcUenBrauerei near the
Central Station.
Caf6s- Restaurants. Ca/4 de Paris, Woeker, Kaiserhof. all three in the
Gutenberg-Platz; Bassenheimer-Hof {^. i%i) Scbiller^Platz ; /SftuttAaUe, see
above; caf^ in the Neue Anlage. see p. 166; Deutscher Kaiser, Kaiser-Str.
— Confectioner. MUUer, Gutenberg-Platz 11. ^ ,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
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Notes,
MAYENOE.
22. Boute. 155
Baths. ApollO'Bady Bilhildis-Str. 6 \ several River Bath* in the Khine
(ciuip. Plan).
Gahs (double fare from 10p.m. to 6 a.m., in winter from 9p.m. to 6a.m.).
Per drive within the gates
without -
Per hour
Per V2 hr
Each V*^'* more
To Zahlbach
To the Neue Aniage ....
To Castel (pontage extra) .
To Leniaberg .
One-horse cab I
Two-hofse cab
1-2 pers.
3-4 pers.
1-2 pers.
3-4 pers.
— 50
-70
- 70
— 90
- 80
1 ur -
1 ur~
1 ur 20
2Jt —
2ur 80
2ur 40
2ur90
iJ(-
1 ur 30
1 urso
1 JS^60
-40
— 50
- 60
- 70
iJt-
1 U)f'20
lUif 20
1 ur4o
iJt-
1 urso
1 Mm
1 ur 60
iM-
1 ur -
lUlf 50
1 ur 50
4ur-
4 ur 50
4ur50
b M-
Each box 20 pf.; travell ng bag 10 pf; smaller articles free.
Tramways. 1. From the Bahnhoft-Platz (PI. F, 1, 2) by the Schiller-
Platz (PI. C, 4-, Hofchen) and Rhein-Str to Cagtel (p. 241) ^ 2. From the Bahn-
ho/s-Platz by the Kaiser-Str , Flachs-Markt (PI. D, E, 4), Hofchen, Neuthor
(PI A, 4). and Neue Aniage (p. 16'3) to Weitenau; 3. From the Bahnhofs-
Platz via the Kaiser-Str. and Rhein-AUee (PI. G, 4, 5) to ZoHhafen (Kaiser-
Karl- Ring). — Steam Tramways to Zahlbach- HechUJieim and Finthen.
Steamboats. 1. Steam-ferries to the station at Castel (p. 2U) from the
JSuerne Thor (PI. C, 5) and Irom the Kaiser-Thor (PI. G, 6), every 71/2 min.
(Sun. every 5 min); fares 10 or 6 pf. — 2. To BiOrich (p. 135) hourly in
summer, starting near the Stadt-Oarten (PI. D, 5) and calling at the Kaiser-
Thor; fare 40 pf., return 50 pf. — 3. To Kostheitn.
Post and Telegraph Office, in the Brand (PI. D, 4).
Theatre (PI. D, 3), in winter daily. — Music (in summer), on Sun.,
Wed., Frid., and Sat. afternoons in the Neue Aniage (p. 165); on Sun.,
Tues., and Thurs. evenings in the Stadthalle (p. 159) 5 daily in the Schiller-
Platz (p. 164), 12-1. — Orchestral concerts in the concert-room of the
'Liedertafer (PI. E, 4).
The Carnival at Mayence is little inferior to the famous carnival at
Cologne, which it resembles in its general features (humorous plays,
public masked balls, processions, confetti battles, etc.).
V, 8. Consul, Walter Schumann^ Esq.
Chief Attractions (one day). Cathedral (p. 160); the Rhine Promenade,
with view from' the Rhine Bridge (p. 159) \ Collection of Roman Antiquities
in the Palace (p. 157); the Gutenberg Monument (p. 163). Afternoon: Neue
Aniage and Railway Bridge (p. 165) ; Harbour.
Mayence, German Mainz (270 ft.), the seat of a bishop, and a
strongly fortified town with 84,600 inhab. (28,000 Prot. , 4000 Jews),
including a garrison of 7600 soldiers, is pleasantly situated on the
left bank of the RhinCj opposite and below the influx of the Afam,
and is connected with the small town of Castel on the opposite
bank by a bridge (p. 169). The old streets of the town are for the
most part narrow and crooked, but ample space for a 'Neustadf, to
the N., has been afforded by the recent widening of the line of
oircumvallation. Large new harbours were built in 1880-87. Mayence
is one of the headquarters of the trade in Rhine wine and manu-
factures large quantities of sparkling wine ; it is also well known
for its leather goods and artistic furniture. Market-gardening is
extensively carried on in the environs.
Mayence is historically one of the most interesting of the Rhenish
towns. Its important strategic situation has in all ages attracted attention.
The town and its most ancient name ( Mogontiaeum) are of Celtic origin.
Between B. 0. 12 and 9 Dnuut^ the son-in-law of Augustus, established a
camp here, on the tableland outside the Gauthor (p. 165), and this speedily
156 Route 22. MAYENCE. History.
attracted a colony of native residents, Boman traders, and veterans (eandlMe).
Mayence became the seat of the legate, or governor, of Germania Superior^
and tiienceforward served as the base for the Roman campaigns in Central
Germany. Domitian. who extended the Roman supremacy on the right
bank of the Main as rar as the Taunus and the Wetterau (83-89 A.D.)i pro-
bably built the bridge across the Rhine and constructed the Castellum
MaMaeorum (the preseot Castel) to defend it.
Authentic accounts prove that Christianity flourished at Mayence in
the fourth century (about 868), and the town afterwards became a bishop-
ric. Under St. Boniface (or Winfried, d. 755), the apostle of Central Ger-
many, the see was raised to an archbishopric and made the seat of the
primate of Germany. This prelate, the son of an English wheelwright,
was so little ashamed of his parentage that he assumed a pair of
wheels as his armorial bearings, which are retained to this day in
the arms of the city. In 1254 Arnold Walpod (d. 1268), a citizen of
Mayence and Uie chief of the patrician family of the ^Ldwenhaupter^
founded the League of the Bhenith Town*. Mayence became the centre
and leader of this powerful association, which ere long was strengthened
by upwards of a hundred other towns, from Bale on the S. to Bremen
and Miinster on the X. Such was the commercial prosperity of the town
at that period that it was called the ^Goldene Mainz\ Two centuries
later, however, it lost most of its extensive privileges in consequence
of a violent attack made upon it by Archbishop Adolph of Kassau in
1462, on which occasion 500 citizens were killed, and the most influential
banished. Thenceforth the once independent city was ruled by the arch-
bishops. Its university, founded in 1477, boasted of such distinguished men
as Nicholas Vogt, John von Miiller, Bodmann, and George Forster among
its members, but it was suppressed by the French.
In 1652 Margrave Albert Alcibiades of Brandenburg ravaged the town.
In the Thirty Years' War it was captured by the Swedes (1631), the Im-
perialists (1635), and the French (1644) The strong fortress fell once more
into the hands of the French in 168S, but was recaptured in 1689. On 21st Oct.,
1792, the French republicans under Custine entered the town almost without
a blow , but it was retaken the following year by the Prussians. In 1797
it was ceded to France by the Peace of Gampo Formio, and became the
capital of the Department of Mont Tonnerre. In 1803 the archbishopric
was secularised. In 1816 Mayence was assigned to the Grand Duchy of
Hesse and in the following year it was made a bishopric. The Fortresi
of Mayence belonged to the German Confederation down to 1866, Austria
and Prussia having the joint right of providing the garrison. The demoli-
tion of the inner fortifications was decided on in 1902.
The Cbnt&al Railway Station (PI. E, F, 1) was built in 1884
by BerdtM and ornamented by Scholl and Barth, — The Kaisbb-
St&assb, the main street of the new town, a handsome avenue abont
1000 yds. long and over 60 yds. wide, embellished with trees and
flower-beds, and flanked by handsome houses, extends from the
station to the Rhine. Among its buildings are the Offices of the
Hessian Railway (PI. F, 2), the Oster-Oymnasium (PI. G, 4), the
Imperial Bariky and the ChrUtus-Kirche(P\.F, G, 4), built in 1897-
1902 by Kreyssig, with its conspicuous dome.
The Bahthhof-Str, (PI. E, 2), to the right of the Kaiser-Strasse,
leads to the small MCnstbr-Platz (PI. E, 2), which occupies the
site of the Miinster-Thor. The Schiller-Str., in which is the Erthaler
J3b/'(1735), now the Oovemment Buildings, leads hence to the right
(S.E.) to the Schiller-Platz (p. 164J, while the Grosse Bleiche runs
to the N.E. towards the Rhine, in a direction almost parallel with
the Kaiser-Strasse. ^ ,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Palaet. MAYENCE. 22. i^owtc. 157
The Gbossb Bleiche (PL E, 2, 3, 4) is the principal old street
in the N, part of the town. On the N. side of it (No. i6) is the toi-
mer 5ftadion'«c^« JJo/" (1728-33). In a small square to the left is
the Neue Brunnen^ an obelisk with river-gods and lions below.
On the right, at the E. end of the street, where it enters the
Schloss-Platz, is t\i6*Church ofSt. Peter (PI. E, 4), erected in 1756,
with bold vaulting and frescoes by Appiani. — The barracks,
formerly on the N. side of the large Schloss-Platz (PI. F, 4), have
been pulled down, and the district is now being remodelled.
On the E. side of the square rises the former Electoral Palace
(PI. F, 4, 6), a large red sandstone edifice, begun in 1627 and
hastily finished in 1678 on a much less grand scale than that orig-
inally contemplated. The wing facing the Schloss-Platz was com-
pleted in 1754; the main facade fronts the Rhine. The palace is
now occupied as a museum ; but dnring the next few years, owing
to the restoration of the building, only a portion of the collections
will be accessible. The most important section of the museum is
that of the Roman and Germanic antiquities , on the groundfloor.
On the first floor are the picture-gallery, the municipal library, and
part of the Gutenberg Museum ; on the second floor, the remainder
of the Gutenberg Museum and the natural history collections. —
The Library i» open onMon, Tues., Thurs., &Frid., 9-1, on "Wed.
& Sat. 9-4 (the reading-room from 2 to 5 or 6 also). The Outen-
berg Museum (adm. free) is open on Sun., 10-1, "Wed. 2-4, and on
other days, 10-4 or 10-6, on application in the library. The other
collections are open free on Sun. & Wed., 10-1 and 2-5, and Mon.,
Thurs., and Frid., 2-5 (in winter Sun. 10-1, "Wed. 2-4); at other
times (10 to 4 or 5) cards of admission (50 pf.) must be obtained.
Entrance, Schloss- Platz 15.
The ^Roman and Oermanic Antiquities chiefly consist of objects
found in or near Mayence, and the collection is one of the richest
in Germany.
The Vbstibulb cbntains the original models of Thorvaldten^t statue of
Gutenberg (p. 163) and SeholVs statue of Schiller (p. 164). In the Ante-Room
is a model of the pile-work of the Roman bridge (see below). — To the
right are Thbbe Rooms, with prehistoric antiquities and smaller Roman
and Germanic antiquities.
We first enter the Pavilion in the court-yard, containing the Romany
FraniUh^ and Mediaeval Inscriptions and the larger Sculptures (catalogue of
the Roman and mediaeval inscriptions, 1875, 2 J(; appendix, 19(X), 8 Jf).
The Roman sculptures include reliefs, capitals, sarcophagi, altars, and
tombstones (one of a Roman soldier of the legions that garrisoned Mayence).
The cases in the window-recesses contain Roman vases and stamped bricks.
— Among the medisBval sculptures are reliefs and architectural fragments.
— In the court, outside the pavilion, the wooden pile-work of a Roman
Bridge^ removed from the Rhine in 18Bi, has been re-erected. The bridge
was probably built in the first century of the present era, but afterwards
repeatedly restored.
We now return to the ante-room and, passing the staircase to the first
floor, enter —
Room I, containing mediaeval and later objects (earthenware, wax seals,
weapons, glass, etc.). — Room II, straight on, is the chief room. To the
168 BouU22. MAYENCE. Muteum.
left of the entrance are Roman, to the right, Alemannian and Frankish
antiquities. We first inspect the Raman Section. By the first window :
Objects from the Roman civil cemetery at Mayence (3rd cent. A. D.); in
the window-niche, skeleton of a woman with a wig, in the original leaden
coffin \ towards the middle of the room, *Goblet in perforated work (^vas
diatretum') and bottle with chased Bacchic scenes. In the first large case
by the second window are the contents of a Roman shoemaker's workshop,
with sandals, leather, and tools, found in 1857 in the Schiller-Plate. In
the window-niche, two bronze water-spouts in the shape of lions^ heads;
writing materials ^ stamps; military diplomas, etc. In the second and
third cases are ornaments, rings, household utensils, surgical instruments,
weapons, etc. By the window, rings, hair-pins, and mirrors. The fourth
case contains terracottas, lamps, etc. In the last wiodow-niohe are fibnlee,
etc. In the middle of the room, under glass : funereal urns of legionaries.
Farther on, to the right. Bronze female head (Diana?); small Totive
chariot with charioteer, in bronze- gilt. In the long central case, tools and
weapons, keys, locks, trumpets. Between the pillars on the left are bronze
statuettes, bronze vessels, and portions of armour. — The Frankish an-
tiquities occupy the right side of the room. The cabinets contain an
extensive collection of weapons, ornaments, utensils, and glass. JBy the
second window, under ^lass: gold rings or the bronze period; Roman
hand-mirror; medieeval ivory carvings and ornaments, including a gold
enamelled *Fibula\ of the 11th century. — Room III. contains the
remainder of the Frankish and Alemannian antiquities. At Uie entrance
is the tomb of a Frankish woman (from Oberolm) \ in the first central case,
a glass drinking-horn; by the first window, belt- buckles and ornaments;
by the second window, <3arlovingian swords and lance-heads.
The *Roman-Oermanic Central Museum^ which we next enter,
consists of four rooms containing reproductions of the most interest-
ing pre-Christian antiquities of Germany and the Netherlands, and
affords a unique survey of the extant monuments of this kind. The
collection fills live rooms.
We now ascend the staircase (with Veit's cartoons for the cath-
edral paintings, p. 161) to the Picture Gallery, This is a collection
of the second class only, hut contains a few good Dutch and Flemish
works which will repay a short visit. Catalogue 20 pf. (1900).
Room I. Modem Works. 1st Section: H. ScJUfnleber, Dort Canal.
2nd Sec. : 19. A. Burger^ Tavern-scene i 18. Ad. Schrej/efy Arab horsemen ;
Ua. B. VautieTj Woman of the Black Forest; 24. FlUggen^ Gambler; 27.
F. von Hwsty Tborvaldsen. — Room n. Ifetherlandish Works. 1st Sec:
iS. Laireste^ Baptism of St. Augustine; 53. Valkenborgh^ Tower of Babel.
2nd Sec: 66. Molenaer, Boors; 68. Francken the Elder, Triumph of David;
73. Be Vo8. Lady in a poultry-yard. — Room III. Netherlandish Works.
Ist Sec: o9. A. van de Venne^ Judith; 94. Jan Steen^ Dancing lesson;
95. Bal, van Rupsdael, Landscape. 2nd Sec. : 102, 103. C. Bega^ Boors ; 100.
Jan lAvenSy Old man; 107. Th. Wpck^ Italian seaport. — Room IV. Nether-
landish Works. 1st Sec. : *ld7. jSf. van Rnytdaely River-scene ; 188. Molenaer^
Tavern-scene; 145. /. van Ooyen, River-scene. 2nd Sec: 174. Teniert the
Younger^ Tavern-scene ; 180. C. Berehem^ Animals ; 187. C. Decker^ Landscape ;
188. Neeffe the Elder, Church-interior; 168. Dirk Halt, Lady tearing a letter. —
Room V. Italian and Spanish Masters. 1st Sec: 206. Ouercino, St. Francis
of Assisi ; 212. Gnido Reni, Rape of Europa ; •217-219. Eutebio Ferrari (school
of Vercelli), Winged altar-piece (St. Jerome in a landscape. Adoration of the
Infant, The young Tobias; three admirable pictures); 220. Lor. di CVedt(7),
Madonna. 2nd Sec. : 225. Mnrillo (f)y Stealing ducks ; 226. Tiepolo, Camp.
— Room YI (Mayence Room). Views of the city ; portraits of governors
of Mayence. Elaborately ornamented ceiling (charming view from the oriel
window). — EoomVII. German Masters of the 17th and 18th centuries. 348.
fieekatXf Joseph's temptation ; 337, 339. SehUU^ Landscapes ; 368. J. B. Roos^
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Esplanade. MAYENGE. 22. Route, 159
Animals (1678); 879. Morgensiem^ Church-interior; 386. R. Mengt ^ St. Ca-
tharine. By the window, 365a. J. C. Schneider j View of the Taunus (1789).
— Room VIII. Flemish Masters. *389. Jae. Jordaens^ Christ among the
doctors (1663); 396. Ph. de Champctigne^ Foundation of the Chartreuse, with
figures by Lt Sueur (1). — Room IX. Old German School. 414. H. Baldung
Orien, Adoration of the Magi; 429-487. Matter of the ^Hausbuch'i^) Life of
Mary ; 438. Early Copy of DUrer, Adam and Eve (original at Madrid). By
the window, 415. Schdufelin, Stoning of St. Stephen (Annunciation on the
back) ; 44L. Master of the St. Bartholomew Altar (p. 41) , SS. Andrew and
Ursula. — Room X, Modem Works. 462. Lindenschmit the Younger^ Abp.
Willigis challenges tiie Schouls. — Room XI. Modern Works. Fh. Veit, 455.
Portrait of himself, 458. 457. Studies of heads, 456. Himself (as an old man);
464. Baisch^ Landscape with cattle; 483a. A. Acltenhach, Sea-piece. This
room also contains an astronomical clock of the end of the 18th century. —
Room XII. French Masters. 512, 511. Mignard, Poetry, History, Painting,
and the God of Time; 509. Nattier., PrincesiTalmont; i^.Rigaud^ Cavalier;
495. Pesney Portrait of himself. — Lastly come two rooms containing casts.
The first has a fine rococo ceiling. The other is the Akademie-Sadl^ built
by the last Elector Friedrich Earl von Erthal in 1775, with ceiling-painting
by Januarius Ziek and portraits of the builder and (opposite) of Grand-Duke
Lewis n. of Hesse (d. 1892), the latter by E. von Heute.
On the second floor is the Natural History Museum^ with the
collections of the Rhenish Natural History Society. The ornitho-
logical section is extensive.
The Municipal Libfary^ the Quienberg Museum^ and the Collection
of Coins occupy the first and second floors of the W. wing.
The Library consists of about 200,(XX) vols., including 4500 incunabula,
and 1200MSS. m>m the 8th cent, onwards. The reading-room contains por-
traits of nineteen electors.
The Gutenberg Museum.^ founded in 1901, is connected with the library.
The anteroom contains documents relating to Gutenberg, writings referring
to the invention of printing, and memorials of the Gutenberg festivals of
1837, 1840, and 1900. — On the staircase are SuUer^s designs for the pro-
cession of 1900; also a model of ancient Mayence, by If. OSbel. — Two
rooms on the second floor contain an exhibition illustrating the history
and development of printing, book-illustration, etc. In the cases by the
windows are specimens of early printing by Gutenberg, Fust, and Schofier,
and a selection of the most important works to the present day.
The Coins (12,000 specimens) include a full set of those of Mayence,
from the time of Charlemagne down to the overthrow of the electoral sway.
Opposite the Electoral Palace , to the S. , is the Palace of the
6rand'Duke(P\. E, 5), formerly a Lodge of the Teutonic Orders built
in 1731-39 in the baroque style ; and connected with it is the Ar-
senalj which was erected by Elector Philip Charles in 1738-40.
A handsome ♦Esplanade (PI. A-G, 5), 21/2 M. long, 100 yds.
broad, and planted with trees, has been constructed along the Rhine,
beginning on the S. at the railway-bridge mentioned at p. 166; it
extends on the N. past the extensive new harbour to the Ingelheimer
Au (p. 136). — Opposite the arsenal, at the spot where the old
Roman bridge once stood (p. 156), the Rhine is spanned by an iron
•Bridge (PI. E, 5; toll 4 pf.), erected in 1881-85 from designs by
Thiersch. Of the five arches the central one has a clear span of
334 ft., and the others of 321 ft. and 282 ft. The bridge commands
a fine panorama. Castel, see p. 241.
The Stadthalle (PI. D, 5) is a modem building in the Renaissance
.^dbyGoOg
160 Route 2^, MAYENCE. Cathedral,
style, with a large hall, used for halls, concerts, and puhllc meet-
ings. Gaf ^-Restaurant, see p, 154; view of the Rhine from the
terrace. Near it, Rhein-Strasse 59, is the so-called Iron Tower
(*Eiserne Thurm*), and farther up the river is the so-called Wooderk
TotMr('Holzthurm'; PL B, 4), two fragments of the old fortifications,
dating respectively from the 13th and the 16th century. — In the
Mailandsgasse, near the Iron Tower, is the old Church of the Holy
Ohost (13th cent.), now a restaurant (p. 164).
The centre of the old town of Mayence is occupied hy the
market-place, in which are a fountain erected in 152d by Elector
Albert of Brandenburg (restored), and the imposing — •
^Cathedral (PI. C, 4 ; 8t. Martin's). A cathedral is mentioned as
having existed at Mayence as early as 406, and a new building,
with a baptistery, was erected by Bishop Sidonius in the 6th century.
A Romanesque church was built under Archbishop Willigis (975-
1011), but it was burned down on the very eve of its consecration
in 1009. It was restored by Ahp. Bardo in 1036, but was again de-
stroyed by fire in 1081. On its re-ereotion the building received a
vaulted roof (see p. xxviii). In 1169 the church served as a fortress
during the struggle between Abp. Arnold and the citizens. The
upper part was yet again destroyed by fire in 1191. Between that
date and 1243 were erected the W. transept, the main choir, the
octagonal dome, the Memorie or chapter-house (p. 162), and the
cloisters. Gothic side-chapels were added after the close of the
13th cent., and the cloisters were wholly remodelled in 1397-1405.
The wooden spire of the main W. tower was burned in 1767, and
was replaced in 1774 by a stone steeple in the Gothic style, by
J. F. Neumann the Younger of Wiirzburg (p. 296). In the French
period the church was used as a magazine and barracks, but in
1814 it was repaired and restored to its sacred uses. A thorough
restoration of the E. part of the building was carried out in 1868-79,
under the superintendence of Laske, Wessiken^ and Cuypers, The
middle tower was rebuilt in the Romanesque style in 1875, while
the crypt under the E. choir and the two side-towers were renewed
in harmony with the extant remains.
In consequence of all these vicissitudes the church possesses
great value in the history of architecture. In its present form it
consist' of nave and aisles with chapels, an E. and a W. choir, and
a W. transept. The groups of towers at the E. and W., especially the
picturesque W. tower (270 ft.) above the cross, present an imposing
appearance, somewhat injured , however, by the numerous addi-
tions. The lower portions of the E. round towers probably belong
to the building of Willigis or Bardo. The transept, with its three
huge windows, the W. choir (above which is an equestrian statue
of St. Martin), and the three W. apses with their rich decoration
of round-arched frieze and dwarf-galleries, show the flamboyant
forms of the Transition period. All the additions, except the Mem-
Cathedral. MAYENCE. 22. Route 161
orie, are Gothic in style. The decoration of the interior shows
the mark of each century in turn. — Oomp. the ground-plan, p. 155.
The Main Entbance, which is reached between some of the
houses in the market-place, is in the N. aisle. The two brazen doors
were executed by order of Archbp. Willigis in 988, as the Latin
inscription on the border of the wings records , and are the oldest
in Germany after those of Aix-la-Chapelle. On the upper panels
are inscriptions, engraved in 1135, enumerating the privileges
granted to the town by Archbishop Adalbert I., out of gratitude for
his liberation from the hands of Henry V. in 1163. — There are
other entrances in the E. facade in the Liebfrauen - Platz , with
interesting capitals at the S. portal, and in the S. transept, opening
from the Leich-Hof. The cathedral is open daily, 8-9 and 9.30-
12 a.m., and 2-6 p.m. The verger, who lives in the Leich-Hof,
shows the Memorie, cloisters, crypt, and St. Gothard's Chapel, at
other times also on application (fee 1/2"^ •^)*
The *Intbbiob, the vaulting of which is borne by 56 pillars, is
122 yds. long, 50 yds. broad, and 89 ft. high in the nave. The
slender pillars are separated by very narrow openings, and each
alternate one is provided with a ressaut from which the vaulting
springs. The W. choir, nave, and aisles have been painted dark
blue and richly decorated, the dome of the W. choir and the nave
being adorned with paintings. The subjects of the latter are (in the
dome) scenes from Old Testament history referring to the sacrifice
of Christ, and (in the nave) scenes from the life of Christ. Design-
ed by Ph. Veit, they have been executed by Herrinann^ Lasinsky,
and Settegast. The E. choir retains the red coating applied to it in the
18th century. In other parts the red sandstone and the grey lime-
stone have been restored to light by the removal of the whitewash.
The most interesting feature of the interior consists in the
numerous ♦Tombstones it contains, ranging from the 13th to the
19th cent. (comp. p. xxxi). We begin to the right of the principal
entrance.
N. Tbansbpt. Monaments of the Von Oablentz family (1593) and of
Dean von Bretdenbach (d. 1497). The font dates from 1328, the altar from
1601. The handsome Portal of the St. Gothard Chapel (p. 163) , in the
transition-style, formerly belonged to the Holy Ghost Church (p. 160).
N. AisLB. By the Ist pillar, ^Renaissance Monument of Albert 0/
Brandenburg, Elector of Mayence and Archbishop of Magdeburg (the statue,
of Kelheim stone, admirably executed), 1545; adjacent is his tombstone,
by the same pillar. By the second pillar, "^l^onument of Elector Sebaetian
von Heueenstamm (d. 1555). Opposite the 5th pillar, in the chapel of the
Virgin, which was restored in the Gothic style and embellished with
painting and stained glass in honour of Bishop Ketteler's episcopal jubilee
in 1875, is the monument of that prelate (d. 1877). — In the adjoining
St. Magnus Chapel are an Entombment in stone and numerous reliefs in
marble. The Raising of Lazarus, by the pillar, is a masterpiece of late
mediseval wood-carving (15th cent.). By the 8th pillar on the E. is a
monument erected by Bishop Gerlach to St. Boniface in 1357, on the site
of one still older 5 till 1829 it was in the church of St. John (colouring
renewed). By the 9th pillar, * Monument of Elector Conrad III. of Daun
(d. 1434), Gothic. — The Chapel of St. Barbara contains an early-Goth i
Baedkker^s Rhine. 15th Edit. 11* _
162 Route 22, MAYENCE. Cathedral.
winged altar-piece; the Chapel of St. Victor has a baroque altar, dating
from 1622.
A flight of 19 steps ascends hence to the Pfabbghob, or E. Chois, the
floor of which has been raised about 8 ft. by the restoration of the crypt.
It contains a canopy and altar in memory of Bishop Eetteler (see p. 161).
To the right in the —
Navk, by the 10th pillar. Elector Peter von Atpelt^ or Aichspalt (d. 1320),
leaning with his right hana on Henry VII. and with his left on Lewis
the Bavarian, the two emperors crowned by him*, adjoining him, King
John of Bohemia, also crowned by him (Gothic \ colouring restored in 1834).
Several other monuments of archbishops and electors. By the 6th pillar
on the N. side, ^Slector Diether von Itenburg^ 1482. Opposite is the Fulj^it^
executed in stone at the end of the 15th cent., with a modern covering
in wood. By the 4th pillar on the N. side, * Albert of Saxony^ administrator
of the archbishopric, 1484, with a simple and noble figure of the youthful
prince. Opposite (S. side), * Elector Berthold von ffenneberg, 1504, probably
by Tilman Riemenschneider, one of the finest late-Oothic monuments in
the cathedral. By the 2nd piUar on the S., * Elector Jacob von Liebenttein,
1508, late-Gothic.
S. AisLB. The Chapel of All Saints (1317) contains an altar in the
Benaissance style, presented in 1604 by Phil. Cratz von Scharfenstein, after-
wards Bishop of Worms. In the Chapel of St. John are a Benaissance
altar presented by Canon Fried, von Fiirstenberg (d. 1607), and a winged
altar-piece in carved work on a gold ground representing the Twelve
Apostles and the Coronation of the Virgin, 1517. The adjoining Chapel
of St. Lawrence and St. Michael's Chapel have some fine stained glass
(modem), and an altar of 1662 in the Benaissance style. — To the left of
the handsome entrance-portal (14th cent.) to the ^Memorie' and cloisters
(see below) is a Slab (16th cent. ; built into the wall) bearing an inscription
to the memory of Fattrada (or Fastradana), the third wife of Charlemagne ;
she died at Frankfort in 794, and was buried there in the church of
St. Alban, destroyed in 1552.
The S. Tbansbpt contains several monuments to prelates of the 18th
century. A fine head of Saturn on the monument of Canon von Breidenbach-
BUrresheim U'74d), and the noble Gothic monument of Archbp. Conrad II.
von Weinsberffj 1396, adjoining the W. choir, are noteworthy. Over the
door opening on the Leich-Hof (p. 161) is a Romanesque relief.
The BisoHOFSGHOB, or W. Ohoib, separated from the transepts by
galleries of 1682, contains rococo *Choir Stalls, erected in 1767. In the
dome are the paintings already mentioned (p. 161).
From the S. aisle the portal above noticed (to the right, the old
Romanesque portal) leads into the Memorie, erected in 1243, and roofed
with wide groined vaulting. This was the old chapter-house, and owes
its name to the memorial services held in it annually. By the W. wall
(r.) is the episcopal throne in stone. Adjacent are several monuments of
the years 1536, 1550, and 1558. — The Gothic Chapel of St. Nicholat^ to the
S. of the Memorie, dates from the 14th century.
The Gloistert also contain several monuments. On the S. wall is
Schwanthaler^s Monument to Frauenlob^ a female figure decorating a coffin
with a wreath, erected by the ladies of Mayence in 1842 to Count Heinrich
von Meissen (d. 1318), surnamed Frauenlob (women^s praise), *the pious
minstrel of the Holy Virgin, and of female virtue'. Beyond it, on the E.
wall, is a Gothic relief, with groups of saved and lost souls. Kear it is
an older tombstone of Frauenlob , erected in 1783, a copy of the original
of 1318. By the buttresses on the garden-side are seated figures of the
Apostles (late-Romanesque). The cloisters, which afford a good view of
the church-towers, also contain sculptured fragments from other churches
of Mayence, some of great beauty and interest.
A gloomy chamber to the S. of the cloisters contains fine Renaisaaace
*Choir Stalls and tapestry of the 14-17th centuries.
Between the N. transept of the cathedral and the Markt, partly
concealed from view by surrounding buildings , ia^the Chapel of
-Bd by VjOOQ
statue of Qutenberg. MAYENCE. 22. Route. 163
St. Oothardy a double chnrch with aisles, a characteristic Roman-
esque building, erected in 1135-8. It originally formed the chapel
of the archiepiscopal palace (entrance from the N. transept, p. 161).
The dwarf- gallery on the exterior (oomp. p. 68) and the pillars
and columns within deserve notice.
A little to the W. of the Leich-Hof (p. 161) is the Prot. Church
of 8t, John (PI. C, 3), which occupies the site of the old baptistery.
— Hard by, in the Augustiner-Str., is the Liebfrauen- Kirche (PI. B,
C, 4), of 1768-76, with rococo decoration and ceiling-paintings by
Januarins Zick.
Near the cathedral is the Gutbnbbbg-Platz (PI. 0, D, 3),
which is embellished with a "'"Statue of Gutenberg, the inventor of
printing, designed by Thorvaldsenj executed at Paris, and erected
in 1837. At the sides of the pedestal are two reliefs. The inscrip-
tion at the back by Ottfried Miiller runs thus : —
Artem quae Oi'aecot latuit, latitiique Latinos,
Oermani solUrs extudit ingentum.
Nunc, quidquid veteres sapiunt sapiuntque reeentes,
Non sibi, ted populU omnibus id sapiunt.
Owing to the obscurity which enyelopes the inventor of printing, and
to the fact that he had several contemporaries of the same name as himself,
there is some difficnlty in identifying him. Native and foreign writers,
however, of the 15th cent, agree in naming as the inventor Johann G-ans-
FLBiscH, surnamed Gutbnbeko from his mother''s name, who was born in
Hayence about the end of the i4th cent., at the Hof Qutenberg, Ohristoph-
Strasse 2 (PL D, 4), and not, in spite of the tablet, at the Hof zum Oansfleisch,
Emmeran-Strasse 23 (PI. D, 3). After a stay in Strassburg, Gutenberg
seems to have established himself in his native city in 1444. The earliest
book printed by him from moveable types to which a certain date can be
assigned belongs to the year 1447 (p. 151), though the 27-line fragment of
Donatus, now in the Bibliotheque Nationale at Paris, is doubtless earlier.
His first work of importance was the famous 42-line Bible (1450-1456?).
Johann Fust^ who had assisted Gutenberg in this work, afterwards separated
from him, and established a new printing-office in partnership with Peter
SiMffer. Gutenberg's subsequent career; his connection with the 36-line
Bible, the types of which were in the hands of Albrecht Pflster of Bam-
berg from 14ol onwards : and the question whether Gutenberg printed the
Mayence Gatholicon (1460), the earliest long work in Italic characters,
are all points still veiled in obscurity. After a residence in Eltville (p. 134),
the date and duration of which are uncertain, Gutenbex^; died in Mayence
in 1467 or 1468, and was buried in the Franciscan church, which was
pulled down in 1742. — Gutenberg's alleged first printing-office, at the If of
turn Jungen^ Franziskanergasse 3, and those of Johann Fust and Peter
Schoffer at the Ho/ zum Humbrecht, Schuster-Strasse 20, and the Bch&ffer-
Sof, Korbgasse 3, are all indicated by memorial tablets.
Opposite the monument is the Theatre^ erected in 1833. — In the
Schuster-Strasse, one of the chief business-streets, which runs off
the old market-place, is the Gothic Church of 8t. Quentin (PL D, 4 ;
16th cent.), and near it the Church of St. Christopher, in the early-
Gothic style. Between them is the large Pensioners' Hospital and
opposite is the KneheVsche Ho/" (No. 2), with a rich oriel in the
Renaissance style. — From the Schuster-Str. the Stadionerhof-Str.
leads to the W. to the Dalherger Hof (1715-18), now occupied by law-
courts (PI. D, E, 3, 4), and to the Church ofSt.Emmeran (Pl.D, 3),
libogle
164 JBottte 22. MAYENCE. CUadel.
a tasteful late-GotMc building, erected in 1450 and restored in 1881
(old ceiling-paintings).
Following the broad Ludwigs-Strasse from the theatre towards
the W., we reach the Sohillbb-Platz (PI. D, 2, 3; music, see
p. 156), which is planted with chestnut-trees and embellished with
a bronze Statue ofSehUler, by SchoU (1862). The place is bounded
on the S. by the Oiteinef Hof (1747), now the residence of the
Military Governor and of the Commandant, and on the W. by the
Baasenheimer flo/^(1756), the Barracks, and the Military Catino or
Schonhorrher Hof,
The broad Emmerich-Joseph-Strasse leads hence to the W. to a
flight of 76 steps ascending to the Mathilderh-Terrasse (PI. D, 2),
which affords an extensive view of the town and environs. Below the
terrace is the wine-magazine of Eupferberg & Co., with a house in-
dicated by a tablet as that occupied by Bismarck from Aug. 2nd
to Aug. 7th, 1870, at the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war.
On thQ KdstrichfCastrum) a new and well-built quarter of the town has
sprung up since the explosion of a powder-magazine here in 1857.
On an eminence in the neighbourhood rises the handsome early-
Gothic ♦Church of St. Stephen (PI. C, 2), erected in 1257-1328 on
the highest site in the town (98 ft. above the level of the Rhine),
and tastefully restored after 1857. It consists of nave and aisles
of equal height, with a choir at each end, a peculiarity rarely seen
in Rhenish churches. The octagonal Toioer, 170 ft. high, com-
mands a beautiful view (220 steps ; visitors ring near the flying
buttress to the right of the N. door of the tower).
The Int£biob contains altar-pieces by Veit over the side-altars to the
right and left of the W. choir \ behind the high-altar are a late-Gothic taber-
nacle of 1500 and four exquisite brass altar-columns of 1509. — The treasury
contains several interesting Oriental and early-Romanesque objects, the
dalmatic of St. Willigis, etc. — The late-Gothic Cloisters, dating from 1499,
entered from the right aisle, are remarkable for their tasteful vaulting and
windows 5 by the E. wall is the tombstone of Dean Wignandus (d. 1048).
The Stephan-Str. leads from the church to the S.E. to the
'Eisgrubweg', where the Windmuhlenberg (PI. B, 3), an eminence
planted with lime-trees, commands one of the finest views of the
cathedral, between the houses. — Beyond the Alarm-Bastion is the
entrance to the citadel.
The Citadel (PI. A, 3 ; adm. by cards, obtainable at the office
of the Commandant, see above; 50 pf.), which occupies the site of
the Roman castrum, dates from the 17th century. In its S.W. cor-
ner rises the Drusus-Thurm or Eigelstein, a dark-grey, circular mass
of concrete, 40 ft. in height, said by tradition to have been erected in
the year B.C. 9 by the 2nd and 14th Legions in honour of Drusus
(p. 155), who was killed by a fall from his horse. The monument was
once much higher than at present, but there is no evidence that it
ever had an outer casing of masonry. In 1698 it was furnished with
a spiral staircase in the interior.
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Roman Aqmduct MAYENCE. 22. Route. 165
The *Nene Anlage (restaurant ; music, p. 154), or public prom-
enade, on a slight eminence outside the Neuihor (JPl. A, 4 ; tram-
way), on the S. side of the town, occupies the site of the electoral
chateau of Favorite (removed in 1793). — The Bailway Bridge,
built in 1862, which here crosses the Rhine near its junction with
the Main, consists of four arches, each about 137 yds. in span. It
commands an admirable view up and down stream.
The Wall-Strasse (PI. E, F, G, 1) begins behind the Central
Station, beyond the viaduct which carries the Binger-Str. over
the railway, and ascends past the Qonsenheimer-Thor, a military
stores factory, and the Cavalry Barracks (distinguished by a gilded
horse from the former electoral stables) to the Mombaeher - Thor;
it commands a striking view of Wiesbaden, the Tannns, and the
Rheingau. The Gonsenheimer-Thor is about V2 M. from the Cen-
tral Station, visl the 'Gonsenheimer Hohle'.
By proceeding to the W. from the Binger-Thor (Bl. E, 1), alongside
the Hechtsheim railway (p. 156), we soon reach the Cemetery, which was
once the barial-ground of the Roman legions and of the earliest Christian
church (St. Anrens). It deserves a visit for the sake of its situation and
its beautiful roses. — About 1/2 ^- farther on, on a hill to the right of the
village of ZahVMch^ are the remains of another interesting Boman structure,
an *Aqaeduct, of which 60 concrete piUars, flome of them 23 ft. high, are
still standing. By this channel a supply of water for the use of the Roman
castle was conducted from the Eonigsbom (see below), a distance of about
6 M. We may return to Mayence in 20 min. via the Gau-Thor (PI. C, 2).
The steam-tramway to Finthen (p. 155) diverges to the right from the
Zahlbach road near the cemetery, traverses the market-gardens of Oonsen-
heim (p. 285), passes the villa-colony of Lenidberg, and then ascends to
Finthen (Fontanae)^ on the road to Bingen, 5 M. from Mayence. — From
Finthen we proceed to the N. via (V4 M.) Kdnigsbam (inn), with the spring
that furnished the main supply of the Roman aqueduct (see above), to the
(I1/2 M.) Fortihaut LttdwigthOhe (restaurant & pension) on the Leniaberg, with
view-tower, and to (3 M.) Bttdenfieim (p. 140). A pleasanter route is offered by
the direct wood-path from station Leniaberg to 00 min.) the Ludwigshohe.
23. From BingerbriicK to Kreuznach, Saarbrucken,
and Metz.
Comp. Maps^pp. 128^ Iff 8^ and 176.
137 M. Railwat to (9V2 M.) Kreuznach in V4-V« hr. (fares 1 U> 20, 90,
60 pf.); to (88 M.) Saarbrilcken in S-SVa hrs. (fares 11 U> 40, 8 U> 60, 5 U>
70 pf.); to Mett in 41/2-6 hrs. (fares 18 U^ 90, 12 U^ 90, 8 U^ 60 pf.).
The line begins at Bingerbruck (pp.130, 139), on the left bank of
the Nahe^ skirts the S. slopes of the Hunsruck, and traverses the pretty
valley of the Nahe , with its vineyards and cornfields, via Munster^
Sarmsheimy and (3^/2 M.) Laubenheim. — From (5 M.) Langen-
lonsheim (Berliner Hof) a branch-line runs to Kirchberg (35 M., in
21/3 hrs.; fares 3 UJT 40, 2 Uif 30, 1 uif 20 pf.) via Stromberg (Post;
Weinzheimer), Rhembollerh (Hochwald Hotel), and Simmem (Voll-
rath ; Lamm ; Post). — 7 M. Bretzenheim.
9^/2 M. Kreuznaoh. — There are two stations: 1. Stadt Kreuznach^
Va M. from the town, and IV4 M. from the Curhaus ; 2. Bad Kreuznach^ on
the E. side of the island on which the baths are situated. Hotel-omni-
buses and cabs (p. 166) await the arrival of the trains. ^
166 Route 23.
KREUZNAOH. From Bingerbruck
Hotels. In the town, on the left bank of the Hahe: Adlbb, Hoch-Str.,
with garden, B. Qi/z^ B. 1, D. Q'/s? pens. 6 .J; ^Pfalzbb Hof, next the post-
office \ Taubb , with a popular wine-room , Dbutschbs Haus, in the Holz-
markt, both unpretending but well spoken of. — On the right bank of the
Nahe: Bahhhof-H6tel, in Bad Kreuznach (p. 167), very fair. E. IJA-aV*,
pens.[6.<#, with garden-restaurant; Bbblikeb Hof, Bismarck-Platz ; Huff's
Goldbnbb Hibsch, at the comer of the Hannheimer-Str. and Salinen-Str.,
these three second-class. — Bath-houses and hotels in and near the Bade-Insel,
for patients, some of them closed in winter: *Enoli8Cheb Hof and HdTBL
BoTAL, with lift, R. 2-16, B. i% D. SVt, pens, from 8 Jt; •Obahibnhof, with
lift, private spring, and park, B. 2V2-10, B. IV4, D. 8, pens, from 6 J^; Kaczbn-
BBBOi Dhbil- Schmidt; Eubopaisohbb Hof, B. 3^, B. 1V4« D* 8, pens.
^^/tJf; Gband-H6tel du Nobd, opposite the Elisabeth-Quelle ; Db. Hbb-
MANN'S Pbivatb Baths, B. 1-6, board 4Vt Jt. — Numerous lodging-houses
and pensions, nearly all with baths; highest charges from l&th June to
16th August.
Kestaurants. At the hotels; Heilquelle^ near the small Bade-Briicke ;
Pari Restaur anty Bellevvej near the Gnrhans bridge; KaUeraUy above the
island, at the foot of the Eauzenberg (p. 167), with garden.
Oabs. Drive in the town, 1-2 pers., with one horse 80 pf., with 2
horses 1 .J ; 3-4 pers. 1 .J 20 and 1 Ul^ 50 pf. ; per hour, in the town 2 or 3 .J,
outside the town 2Vt or 8Vt •<#; to the Theodorshalle 1V2 and 2, or 2 and
2V2 Ji' Carriages to the following places and back, with 2 hrs. stay: —
Bheingrafen-
stein
Bheingrafen-
stein via Mun-
ster
Bheingrafen-
stein,Hiinster,
and the Ebern-
burg
l-horse
2-hor8e
U^pf.
U^pf.
7.50
9-
9-
12-
10-
13.50
Hiinster. . . .
Miinster (with-
out returning)
Ebemburg,
Altenbaumburg,
or Eremitage
Bothenfels
Disibodenberg
Sponheim
l-horse
U^pf.
4 —
2 ^
6 —
9 -
10 —
7.50
2-horse
U^pf.
6 —
8-
12 —
16 —
10.60
Omnibus to Milnster am Stein every Vs I^'m 30 pf.
Steam Tramwavs (starting from the Holzmarkt) to Wallhatuen and
WintBvhvrg^ see p. 169.
Visitors' Tax, for one pers. 16 •<#, for each addit. member of a family
b M; single ticket admitting to the grounds of the Curhaus 50 pf.
Post and Telegraph Offloe (PI. 3), in the Neustadt, on the left bank
of the Kahe.
English Ohnreh Service during the season at 11 a.m. and 5 p.m.
Kreutnach (340 ft.), which from the 13th to the 15th cent, was
the capital of the County of Sponheim , then belonged to the Pala-
tinate, and since 1814 has been Prussian , lies on the Nahe, about
10 M. from the Rhine. Pop. 21,000, of whom two-flfths are Roman
Catholics. The river separates the Altstadt and the ^Badeviertel\ on
the right bank, from the Neustadt, on the left, and above the town
forms the Bade-Insel^ or Bath Island (p. 167). In the Altstadt are
the churches of 8t. William (Prot. ; PI. 6) , St. Wolfgang (R. C),
and the Holy Cross (R. C); in the Neustadt is that of St. Nicholas
(R. C. ; PI. 7). Several bridges unite the different parts of the town.
The old stone bridge, which crosses the lower part of the island, and
on the buttresses of which several houses are built, affords a pictur-
esque view. The Protestant Church of St. Paul (PI. 5), on the
island, replaces an earlier edifice, destroyed in 1689. The ruins of
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to Metz. KREUZNACH. 23. Route, 167
the GotMc choir of the latter, dating from 1330, were fitted up as
an English Chapel in 1857-63 (PI. 8). Adjoining the church is the
marble statue, by E. Cauer, of Dr. Prieger (d. 1863); in the Bis-
marck-Platz is & Statiie of Bismarck^ by 0. Cauer (189T); and in the
Eiermarkt is a monument to Michel Mort (p. 168), by R. Cauer
(1902). The Public School^ in the Kreuz-Strasse (Altstadt), contains
the municipal collection of Roman and mediseval antiquities (apply
to the janitor). — To the N. of the Altstadt, beside the glass-
works, is the Heidenmauer C'Heathens' Wall') the remains of a
Roman fortification. A Frankish palace afterwards stood in this
neighbourhood. — A fine *Roman Mosaic Pavement, 32 ft. long and
241/2 ft. wide , was discovered in 1893 , in a very fair state of pre-
servation, on the Hiiffelsheim road , on the left bank of the Nahe,
3/4 M. from the old bridge (p. 166). It represents combats of wild
beasts and gladiators (entr. by No. 26; adm. 50 pf.).
Kreuznach is a watering-place of considerable repute , and is
visited by 6-7000 patients annually. The Salt Baths , which are
particularly beneficial in cases of scrofula and cutaneous diseases,
are situated on and near the Bade-Insel| or Badeworth. The
principal street, flanked with hotels and lodging-houses, leads
from the church in a straight direction to the Gnrhaus, with the
adjacent Badehaus or Bath House and the large Jnhcdatorium (a
double *Gradir-Haus', with a central passage). In the morning
and evening this is the rendezvous of the visitors , many of whom
drink the waters of the Elisabeth-Clnelle , a spring containing bro-
mine and iodine , and rising from the porphyry rock at the S. end
of the island. In bad weather the promenaders take shelter in a
covered walk, 130 yds. long. Concerts are given here thrice daily
in the season. Agate wares of Idar (p. 172) are offered for sale.
Below the chief bridge, on the Maiien-Worthf is an hospital managed
by Franciscan monks.
Opposite the Curhaus an iron bridge crosses the narrower arm
of the Nahe and connects the island with the pleasant ^Badeviertel\
consisting of baths and lodging-houses , on the right bank. The
street in a straight direction leads to the Bad Kreuznach Station
(pp. 165, 170), 1/2 M. from the Curhaus. Near this station are a large
Deaconesses' Institute and the studio (PI. 2) of the brothers Cauer,
weU known for their skilful treatment of subjects from the domains
of fairy-tale ('Sleeping Beauty', 'Cinderella', etc.). — The Cemetery,
on the road to Hackenheim, contains a Germania, in memory of the
war of 1870-71, and other specimens of their work.
On the N.W. side of the town , on the left bank of the Nahe
(ascent from the old bridge, or from the Bade-Insel, crossing the
iron suspension-bridge near the Kaiserau ; toll 3 pf.), rises the
Schlossberg or Kaozenberg (490 ft.) , with the ruins of a castle of
the Counts of Sponheim, destroyed by the French in 1689. The hill
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
168 Route 23, MONSTER AM STEIN. From Bingerhriiek
is laid out as private pleasure-grounds, only the principal avenue
of which is open to the public. The vineyards on its S. slopes
yield an excellent wine, called *Kauzenberger\ The summit com-
mands a fine view of the valley. A lion hewn in stone, brought here
from Dhaun (p. 171), commemorates Michel Mort, a butcher of
Kreuznach , who sacrificed his life in the battle of Sprendlingen
(1279) to save his prince, Johann von Sponheim. Paths, with pictur-
esque views , lead hence by the wooded Haardt to the Rothenfels
(p. 169).
On the right bank of the Nahe, the Salinen^Strasse leads past the
H6t. Oranienhof (near which, to the right, is the suspension bridge)
and the Victoriastift, a charity hospital for children, to (1 M.) the
salt-works and ^Gradirhauser' (evaporating sheds) of Garlslialle
and Theodorshalle (H6tel TulUuSj Hdtel Scheiber, both very fair,
R. 10-15 uif per week; lodging-houses; restaurant and pens, in the
*Curhau8 Theodorshalle, with garden extending to the wood ; plain
rfmts. in the Forsthaus). These baths, the property of the town of
Kreuznach , may also be reached by a shady path along the Nahe.
About IV2 M. farther on lies —
Honster am Stein. — Hotels (all with baths). '^GuBHAns Hotel, by
the Cur-Park, with ddpendance, R. 21/2-3V2, B. IV4, D. 3, board S'/a Jt;
•HdxEL Low, R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 272, board 4-6 Jt, closed in winter; HStbl
Badm, Bubat, similar charges; Hotel-Pension Zipp, at the station; Eng-
LI8CHEB HoF, R. 2-3, B. 8/4, D. 21/4, pens, from bJt; Stolzenfels, Schwan,
similar charges; Pabiser Hof. Numerous private hotels.
Bestaorants. Cur-Garten and Curtaal; Rabd^s CentreO-Ca/S^ on the right
bank of the Kahe ; in the Hutten-Thal (see below) ; Rail. Restaurant.
Visitors' Tax for 1 pers. 12, 2 pers. 17, 3 pers. 20, 4 pers. 23, 5 pers.
26 Jt. Adm. to the Cur-Garten 25 pf.
Miinster am Stein (370 ft.; rail, stat., see p. 170), a village
pleasantly situated at the foot of the Rheingrafenstein and the Gans,
also possesses salt-springs, and has of late years acquired import-
ance as a watering-place (4500 patients annually). The waters of
the principal salt-spring (87^ are conducted directly to the baths,
which are well fitted up. The well-shaded Cur-Garten is connected
with the springs by a covered way. Miinster am Stein is on the
whole less expensive than Kreuznach.
The * Sheingrafenstein (770 ft.) , a picturesque cliff of por-
phyry , here rises 426 ft. ^almost perpendicularly from the Nahe.
We cross the river by the ferry near the saline springs, and ascend
the Hutten-Thal by a good path which leads to the ruin in ^2 **'•
(the highest point is reached by a flight of stone steps ascending
through the rocks). The boldly situated ruined castle, built in the
11th cent., once the residence of the 'Rheingraf en* (Rhenish counts),
was blown up by the French in 1689.
Fbom Kbeuznagh to the Gans, Rheinghafenstbin, and MGnstbb am
Stein, a beautiful walk of 2V4-2V« hrs. ; route hardly to be mistaken. About
100 paces beyond the small temple on the Euhberg (iV* H. to the S. of
the Bad Kreuznach Station; comp. Map) a path diverges to the right from
the road, leading through vineyurds and wood, and joining the road again
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to Mett. EBERNBURG. 23. Route. 169
beyond the (V2 hr.) Rheingrafensteiner Hof (restaurant). About 5 min.
farther on, near the BJutngrafemieiner SchVfuehen, a path ascends in 1/4 hr.
to the top of the ^CFans (1060 ft.) , an indented ridge of porphyry, com-
manding an extensive view, embracing the Kahe-ThiJ as far as Bingen and
part of the Rheingau. — From the Gans a field-road (direction-post) runs
towards the S. through the wood to the (25 min.) Rheingrafenstein. Descent
to the Nahe through the Hutten-Thal (p. 168 j V* l^r-)- ■— Bypassing to
the left of the Bheingrafensteiner Hof we reach (35 min.) the Schd^er-
placken, where the boundaries of Prussia, Bavaria, and Hesse meet. Thence
to the right to the Altenbaumburg (see below), Vs ^^'
Opposite the Rheingrafenstein , to the W. , about 1/2 hr. ttom
the Munster am Stein station (can. 2^2 Jfj there and back 4 Jf\
rises the *Ebembiirg, once the stronghold of Franz von Sickingen
(1481-1523), and at that time often an asylum for outlaws and
fugitives, foremost among whom ranks Ulrich von Hutten, the
reformer, who resided here in 1520-22. We cross the bridge (toll
3 pf .) and ascend to the right, passing several inns (near the station
of Ebernburg, p. 170). The castle was fortified by the French in
1689, but was again dismantled at the Peace of Ryswyck (1698).
Out of the ruins rises a quaint, pinnacled building, fitted up as
an Irm. Below the castle Is a Monument to Sickingen and Hutten, by
C. Cauer, erected in 1889. Fine prospect of the grand environs.
The view from the Sothenfels (970 ft.), a barren red porphyry
cliff 3 M. from Kreuznach, and IV2 M. from Mfinster am Stein,
surpasses that from the Gans, as it extends farther up the valley of the
Nahe and embraces the Alsenz-Thal as far as the ruin of Landsherg.
A charming excursion from Miinster am Stein may be made either
via the Bheingrafensteiner Hof and the Schaferplacken (see above), or
through the Hutten-Thal ^ a valley on the opposite bank of the Nahe (ferry,
already mentioned), and finally through beautiful woods, to the (ii/4 hr.)
^tenbaumburg (Restaurant) , an extensive ruined castle destroyed by the
French in 1689, the ancestral seat of the ancient 'Raugrafen'*, and formerly
called the Boymenehurg^ or Croneburg. Another route is by railway to Alten-
bamberg (p. 170) and then on foot to (25 min.) the Altenbaumburg
(cump. the Hap, p. 168). — The ruins of the chateau of Jfont/ort (destroyed
in the 15th cent.) may be reached from Miinster, by the villages of Mem-
burg and Binaert^ in 2 hrs. (refreshments at the Montforter Eof). — The
^Lemberg (1312 ft.), which rises precipitously from the Kahe, near Bingert
(i>/4 hr. from Munster), commands an extensive panorama. Restaurant at
the top, open in summer three days weekly. The descent may be made
by the (20 min.) bridge of Oberhausen to (V2 hr.) stat. WaldbSekelheim
(p. 170). — The Lemberg may also be ascended from stat. Niederhausen
(p. 170), with a guide, in IV4 hr.
Fbom Ebeuznach to Wallhadsen, 572 M., steam-tramway in V2 hr.
— About IV2 M. beyond Wallhausen is DaJhergy with the ruins of the
ancestral seat of the family of that name. Farther on are (3 M.) Weittenfelt
(view) and Argenachufang^ with a ruined castle.
Fbou Kkecznagh to Winteebdeg, 11 M., steam-tramway in I-IV4 hr. —
6 M. Burg-Sponheim, with the ruined castle of the Sponheim family. About
1 M. off is the village of SponJieim, with the fine Romanesque church (1123)
of the former Benedictine Abbey, of which the learned Johannes Trithe-
mius (p. 201) was abbot in 1484-1506. It occupies the site of an older
structure and has been restored. — 11 M. Winterburg.
Railway to SaabbbCcken and Mbtz. The district between
Kreuznach and Waldbockelheim (p. 170) and the neighbourhoo'
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
170 Boute 23. ALSENZ. From Bingerbriick
of Oberstein are the most picturesque portions of the line. Leaving
the principal station at Kreuznach, the train crosses the Nahe, stops
at the Bad'Kreuznach station (p. 166), and skirts the base of the
Oans (p. 169). To the left, where the train next crosses the Nahe,
rise the two curious pinnacles of the Bheingrafenstein (p. 168).
12^2 M. Hunster am Stein (370 ft.; Bail, Bestaurant, very
fair), see p. 168.
Fbom Hunsteb am Stein to Eaisebslautern, 37V2 M., railway in
ca. 2 hrs. (fares 4 U> 80, 3 U> 20, 2 J^ 10 pf.). — The line crosses the Nahe,
which here forms the boundary between Prussia and Bavaria, and beyond
(V2 M.) Ebemburg (p. 169), ascends the valley of the Alsenz. — 2V« M.
AUenbamberg lies at the foot of the Altenbaumburg (p. 169). — 3i/e M.
ffochstdtten.
7 M. Alsenz (Post), a village with sandstone quarries. From Alsenz to
(4V3 M.) Oaugrehtoeiler^ diligence thrice a day; then on foot through the
valley of the Appel to Ihen and via Wonsheim to Flonheim (comp. p. 285).
— On the hill to the right of (9V« M.) Mannweiler is the ruin of Randeck.
10 M. Bayerfeld-Cmn\ 12 M. Dielkirchen,
14 M. Bockenhansen (Deutscheg Eaus)^ a considerable village, the best
starting-point for the ascent of the Donnersberg (see p. 286). — 16^/2 M.
Im$u>€iler.
20 M. Winnweiler (Zum Donnertberff), an industrious village, with
iron-works and a copper-foundry, near the picturesque Falkensteiner-Thal,
with the ruin of Falkenttein. — 22 M. Langmeil-MUnchweiler, junction for
the line from Alzey (see p. 286). — 24V2 M. Jfeuhemsbach-Sembaeh. From
(27 M.) Enkenhach the direct line to (33V2 M.) Kaiserslautem (p. 286)
diverges to the right vi& (31 V2 M.) EseUfUrth. — The main line continues
to (31 M.) Hochspeper, where it joins the 'Pfalzische Ludwigsbahn' (p. 293).
— 371/2 M. Kaiserslauterfiy see p. 293.
Beyond a cutting the Ebemburg (p. 169) appears on the left.
The train next runs between the Nahe and the base of the preci-
pitous Bothenfels (p. 169), and passes through two tunnels. From
S16 M^ Niederhausen the Lemberg may be ascended in II/4 hr.
p. 16y). On the right rises an abrupt rock, crowned with the ruins
of Bockelheimj destroyed by the French in 1688, in which the £mp.
Henry IV. was kept prisoner by his son Henry V. in 1105. — 19^2 M.
Wald'Bdckelheim lies in a side-valley, 2 M. to the N. of the station
(diligence thrice daily). The above-mentioned ruins are 1 M. from
the station, and Burg-Sponheim (p. 169) Is about 11/2^- ^ro°^ t^e
village.
Emerging from the next tunnel, we observe on the left, beyond
the Nahe (20 min. to the E. of Staudernheim), the ruins of Disi-
bodenberg, a Benedictine (subsequently Cistercian) abbey named
after the Irish bishop Disibodus (d. about 700), the first propagator
of Christianity in this district, which was annexed during the Re-
formation by the Dukes of Zweibriicken and is now private property.
Little is left of the buildings beyond the foundations. The abbey-
church, consecrated in 1143, was an imposing edifice with pillars ;
the vaulting of the choir, which was composed of nave and aisles,
was borne by imbedded columns. The secular portions of the
monastery are in the Gothic style of the 13th century. Adjoin-
ing the church were the cloisters, and to the right of them the
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to Mett. SOBERNHEIM. 23. Route, 171
chapter-house. Farther to the W, was the residence of the abbot,
with a view over the valley of the Nahe, and to the E. was the re-
fectory, of which the gable-walls are still standing. The custodian
shows a number of Gothic fragments (chiefly keystones) from the
old building, which are collected in a vault. The pleasure-grounds
around the ruins afford a good survey of the valleys of the Nahe
and its affluent the Qlan (rfmts. on Sun.).
22Y2 M. Standemheim (460 ft. ; Salmen , good and moderate)
lies to the left, on the right bank of the Nahe, connected with the
station by the five-arched *Landgrafen-Brucke\
From Staudbbnhbim to Msisbnhbih, 7 M., railway in 25 min. (fares
60, 40 pf.). The line ascends the pie sant valley of the Olan. — Keisen-
heim (FfiUzer Eof; Engel)^ a Prussian district-town (1800 inhab.), prettily
situated on the Glan. The old *8ehlo$*kirehe.dk gem of late-Gothic architec-
ture, was built in 1479 and restored in 1875-80. The tower dates from
1377-1404. The vaulted buriai-chapel (restored in 1896) contains the in-
teresting tombs of Duke Charles I. of Zweibriicken (d. 1600), the ancestor
of the present royal house of Bavaria, and of Duke Wolfgang (d. 1569) and
his wife and daughter. — From Meisenheim to KaittrtlavUm^ see p. 294.
24 M. Sobemheim (600 ft. ; Post; AdUr) is a small town of
some antiquity, partly enclosed by a wall. Pop. 3300. It possesses
a late-Gothic church, an o\^ Maltese Chapel adjoined by a former
lodge of the order (now a school), and several picturesque old houses.
27 M. Monzingen (Dick's Hotel, fair) lies to the right, on the
vine-dad slopes.
From Monzingen a road leads through the Soxthal to the pleasani
health-resort of Wald/riede (1320 ft. ; pens. 4-5 .J), whence various excur-
sions may be made.
29^2 M. Martinstein (Seipel), curiously built on a rock, with
its church on an eminence surrounded by a fine group of trees.
The station is V2 ^- ^om the village. Beyond it, in a valley opening
on the right, are situated the ruins of Schloss Dhaun, The KeUer-
hizch traverses an imposing rocky gorge.
*8ehloss Dhann , the seat of a branch of the Bheingrafen which be-
came extinct in 1760, was erected in the 12th cent., and greatly extend-
ed in 1729. This strikingly -picturesque castle is situated 6 M. from
Monzingen , 21/4 M. from Martinstein, and dVs M. from Kirn (see below ;
carriage 7V« Jf). A relief over one of the doors, representing an ape
giving an apple to a child, commemorates the incident that a child of
one of the Counts was carried off by an ape, but fortunately recovered.
Magnificent view of the valley of the Kahe as far as the Lemberg , of the
Simmer-Thai, and of the dark ravines of the Soonwald. Admission, including
fee to attendant, 30 pf. Kear the entrance is an inn (pens. 4-6 UIO*
On an eminence to the right stands the church of Johannisberg,
which contains ancient tombstones of the Rheingrafen. The train
next passes through a tunnel and reaches —
33 M. Kini(595 ft. ; Stroh, at the station, very fair, R. & B. 2-3 Jf),
a thriving little town (6100 inhab.), with manufactures of cloth and
leather. In the 18th century it was the residence of the Princes of
Salm-Kyrburg, the last of whom was guillotined at Paris in 1794.
The old Romanesque church, lately restored, with a Gothic choir of
the 16th cent. , contains a fine tabernacle and several tombs of the
172 RouU 23. BIRKENFELD. From Bingerbriick
Rheingrafen. Above the town , 1 M. from the station, is the ruin
of Kyrburg (restaurant), surrounded with vineyards.
The valley now expands, but the line again enters a mountain-
ous district at (35 M.) Kim-Sulzbachj where the cliffs become more
abrupt. The most interesting part of the line in point of construc-
tion is between Kim and Birkenfeld, where there are no fewer than
twenty bridges over the Nahe and ten tunnels, while the whole of
the remaining part of the line has five bridges and five tunnels
only. Near (38 M.) FUchbaeh (Post) the train crosses to the right
bank. — 39 M. NahbolUnbaeh. Then follow two bridges, with a
tunnel between them. To the right a *View of the * Fallen Rock'
is obtained, and then of Oberstein, situated most picturesquely on
both banks of the Nahe.
42V2 M. Oberstein (870 ft. ; ^Restaurant at the station, with pa-
vilion and view ; Post, Stark, in the town, near the new bridge, both
very fair, R. 1V2-2, B. 8/4, D. I3/4 Jf; agates sold at many shops), a
town with 8300 inhab., is one of the finest points on the Nahe. The
precipitous cliffs, 400 ft. in height, which confine the town within
narrow limits, are crowned with two ruined castles of the Barons of
Oberstein, who became extinct in 1670. The best way to the castles
(there and back IY2 hr.) is the *Burgweg', ascending to the right
beyond the *Post\ By this route we first reach the Neue Sekloss
(restaurant; Hotel Bach, higher up), which has only of late
fallen to decay, and then, beyond a hollow containing a War Monu-
ment (1870-71), the *Alte Burg, situated almost perpendicularly
above the town. About 5 min. higher is a pavilion commanding a
very extensive *View. We may now return by the Protestant
Church, curiously built into the face of the rock about halfway down
(200 ft. above the Nahe), and said to have been erected in the 12th
cent, by a member of the Oberstein family with his own hands, as
an atonement for fratricide ; it was restored in 1482. The sexton
lives close by. The Gothic Roman Catholic Churchy built of grey
*melaphyre\ lies on the right bank of the Nahe.
From Oberstein an electric tramway runs in 1/4 br. to Idar (Bdtel
SchUtzenhof, very fair, D. I1/2 *#X a place with 4700 inhab., most of whom
are occupied in cutting and polishing agates, an industry that dates back to
the 16th century. Agates were formerly found here in abundance, but their
place is now taken mainly by stones of similar character from Brazil and
the East Indies. A process has been discovered by which colourless agates
are converted into onyxes, sardonyzes, etc., by the addition of colouring
matter. Idar possesses a Gewerbehalle, or industrial hall, in which these
wares are sold at officially-regulated prices.
43 V2 M. Enzweiler; 46 M. 8onnenberg ; 47 M. Kronweiler;
48V2 M. Nohen; 5OV2 M. Heimbach; 52 M. Hoppstdtten. — From
(53^2 M.) Birkenfeld'-Neubrucke a branch-line diverges to (3 M.)
Birkenffeldri315ft.; Emmerich zur Post; Warth, B.&B. {iom2%Jf'),
the capital (^200 inhab.) of the principality of Birkenfeld, now belong-
ing to the Duchy of Oldenburg, with a ruined castle (11th cent.) of
the Counts of Sponheim. — On the road to Bemcastel, beyond
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toMett. SAARBRCCKEN. S3. Route. 173
(31/2 M.) the small Hambach Sauerbrunnen (baths), lies (7 M.)
Huttsgewasen (2300 ft. ; Gethmann, R. & B. 2, D. 1 1/2, pens. 4 Jf),
the highest inhabited spot in the province of the Rhine, snrronnded
with wood, and "visited as a summer-resort.
56 M. Nohfeldmj with an old keep. — 571/2 M. Turkismuhle, the
junction of a branch-line to (14 M.) Hermeskeil (p. 202), via (7 M.)
Otzenhauun and (9 M.) Normweiler (to Nennkirchen, see below).
The Hunnexuring, near Ottenhausei^^ with a circumference of nearly
1 M., is the largest and best-preserved of the prehistoric fortifications in
the Rhineland. It consists of loose blocks of sandstone, and is highest
(60 ft.) on the N. side.
The line now attains the culminating point (1270 ft.) between the
Nahe and Blies at (59 M.) Wallhauserij and then descends rapidly
vil Namhom and JSofeld to —
66 M. St. Wendel (970 ft.; KnoU), a district-town of 5500
inhab., with a fine old Gothic church and pulpit of 1462.
About 71/2 M. to the W. (diligence daily in IV2 hr.) is the small town
of Tholey, formerly the seat of a Benedictine abbey, the early-Gothic
church of which still exists, at the foot of the Schaumberff (1836 ft.), a vol-
canic hill commanding a fine view, l^umerous Roman antiquities have
been found in the environs.
69 M. Niederlinxweiler ;7iy[. Oettuei^r (860 ft. ; H6tel Haass),
with 6100 inhabitants. The train now passes through the Wiebels-
kirchen Tunnel, 400 yds. in length, and reaches the important coal-
mining district of the Saar. About 11,000,000 tons of coal are
annually produced in this region, five-sixths of which are raised
from mines belonging to the Prussian government.
75 V2 M. Nennkiroheu (845 ft. ; Au, near the bridge ; Post, near
the station), a town with 28,000 inhab., is the junction of the
Mannheim line (R. 37). Large iron-works (5000 workmen) , in
front of which rises a statue of the late proprietor Freiherrvon Stumm
(d. 1901), by Schaper (1902).
Keunkirchen is also connected with Saarbriicken by another line (16 M.),
passing BcMffweiUr, Q,uir$cheid, Camphamen^ and Schlei/mUhle.
Beyond (771/2 M.) Reden (925 ft.) is the Bildstock Tunnel (517
yds.). — From (81 M.) Friedrichsthal (970 ft.) an electric tramway
runs to Saarbiucken. — 83 M. Sulzbach; 851/4 M. DudweOer (760 ft.).
88 M. St. Johann-Saarbrncken. -- Hotels (lifts, electric Ught, and
hot-air heating in the larger houses). ''Bhbinischkb Hof, Bahnhof-Str., Vs M.
from the station, U. S Jtf Mbssmbr, Victoria-Platz, near the station, B.
from 21/2, B. 1, jy.SJt; Terminus, opposite the station, R. 2-3V2, B. »/* ^»
with restaurant; Korn, very fair, R. from 1 *# 80 pf., B. 80 pf., D. 2 Jl ;
ScHWAN, Kaiser-8tr., near the station, well spoken of. — In Saarbriicken, H6t.
Bbistoi., with restaurant and garden. — Biver Baths above the old bridge.
Electric Tramways from St. Johann to Burbach and Louisenthal (p. 180) \
to Brebach (p. 315); to Friedrichsthal (see above); and over the new Eaiser-
WUhelm-Briicke to Saarbrucken and St. Arnual (p. 174).
8t. Johann (21,000 inhab.) and Saarbrucken (24,000 inhab.) are
two sister-towns on the right and left bank of the Saar, united with
each other by three bridges.
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174 BouU23. METZ. From BingerbrOck
St. Johann, with the railway-station, is entirely modem, dating
its importance from the construction of the railway, which does not
touch Saarbriicken. From the station the Reichs>Str. and Victoria-
Str. lead to the Neue Brucke (new bridge), below which is the in-
teresting coal-harbonr (comp. p. 173).
Down to 1793 Saarbiiicken was the residence of the Princes of
Nassau-Saarbriicken , whose Schloas , burned down by the French
revolutionary army in that year, is now private property. The
Schlosskirche contains monuments of the princes. In the Schloss-
Platz is a Statue of Bismarck, by Donndorf, unveiled in 1899. The
hall of the Rathhaus at Saarbriicken is decorated with frescoes by
Werner, commemorating the events of 19th July to 9th Aug., 1870
(see below). — A narrow road leads from the Schloss-Platz to the
TrUler, an eminence with gardens, commanding a fine view. — The
Ludfjoigs' Kirche dates from 1762-75.
Railway to Treves, see R. 24 ; to Saargemund, Hagenau, and
Strassburg, see R. 41 ; to St. Ingbert and Zweibrficken, see p. 300.
On the heights of Spiehereny about 3 H. to the S. of Saarbriicken, on
6th Aug., 1870, a sharp engagement took place between the Prussiaiis and
French, in which the latter, although numerically superior, were obliged
to retreat. A visit to the battlefield occupies 3-4 hrs. (carr. ca. 12 Jf, at the
station, etc.). The Hetz road is followed, passing the (IV2M.) Ehrenthaly the
burial-place of the German soldiers who fell at Spicheren, and the (IM.) toll
house and *Ooldene Bremm' inn, near which is the Spieherer Berg Hotel, with
a collection of relics of the battle. On the left rises the Spieherer Berg
(875 ft.), with its steep and scantily -wooded slopes, a strong position
in which the French had intrenched themselves. The Germans began
the attack from the right and left side of the road, and from the Winter-
bergy a hill about 1 H. to the S.E. of Saarbriicken. A tower erected here to
commemorate the victory commands a good survey of the battlefield.
At St. Amoal, ly* H. to the S.E. of Saarbriicken , on the £. side of
the Winterberg, is a ^Church (1270-1316) in the best Gothic style, with re-
markably fine font and pulpit, and interesting monuments of the Princes
of Nassau-Saarbriicken. Opposite is the Halhergy with the modern chftteau
of Freiherr von Stumm (p. 173).
The Railway to Mbtz crosses the Soar, traverses the battlefield
of 6th Aug., 1870, and passes (5 M.) Stieringen and the little town of
(6 M.) Forhach (Karsch, R. & B. 2V2, I>. incl. wine 21/2 UJT), with
7000 inhabitants. To the left, in the distance, rises the hill of
Spicheren (see above). The country beyond Forbach is undulating.
9 M. Kochem, At (IIV4 M.) Beningen diverge branch-lines to Saar-
gemufhd (p. 315) and to Teterchen (see below) and Diedenhofen
(p. 190). Next (I33/4 M.) Oberhomburg on the Rossel, (18 M.)
St. Avoid, (23 M.) Tetingen, (25 M.) Falkenherg, (28 M.) Mai-
weiUr, (31 1/4 M.) Herlingen, (351/2 M.) RemiUy, and (41 V2 M.) Cour-
celles, all frequently mentioned in the annals of the Franco-Prussian
war. (Branch-line from Courcelles to Teterchen and Bous, 32 M.,
see p. 190.) 45 M. Peltre. On the right, before the station of Metz
is entered, rises Fort Ooeben (formerly Fort Queuleu).
49 M. Metl. — Hotels. *GsAiin>-HdTEL (formerly H6t. de PEvrope;
PI. a, C 4), Priester-Str. 4, E. 2V2-5, d<j. 2Va, D. SUT; •GaANi>-HdTEL db
Metz (PI. b ; C, 4), opposite, E. 2-4, d^j. 2, D. 3, S. 2 •#. — H6tbl d' Angle-
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to Metz. METZ. 23. Route. 175
TBSBS (PI. d; C, 4), Eom-Str. 4, near the cathedral, commercial', HStbl
DB Pasis (PI. c ) G, 4), Kammer-Platz \ HdT. db LuxsMBOUsa, Romer-Str. 55 ;
Hot. do "Sord, Steinweg 4, with restaurant and sammer-theatre ^ Hotbl
ZTO Post, Priester-Str. 38, R. from iVa -#, B. 80 pf., D. 2 •#; Rheinischbb
HoF, Esplanaden-Str., with restaurant.
Beitauranti. MoUrieTj Kapellen-Str. 4, adjoining the Romer-Str., first-
class; Kaiser-PatfUlon y see below. — Wine. Kiljeuy Tuch-Str.; Bheini$che
Wekuttibe, Goldkopf-Strasse. — Beeb. Germania, Rdmer-Allee (PI. B, 5);
BUrgerbr&Uy Kaiser -Wilhelm - Platz , with garden; LdtoenbrdUy Steinweg
(PI. B, 4); Hofbr&u, Bank-Str. (PI. B, 4); FrantiskaneTy Kammer-Platz.
Oafes. Kaiser-Pdvillon^ on the Esplanade (PI. B, 5), with «View of the
the valley of Moselle, the heights of Gravelotte, and Fort Friedrich Earl;
Ca/i Turcy Esplanaden-Str.; Ca/i Cmirea^ Parade-Platz.
Xlectrio Ihramwayi from the Cathedral to Montigny; to Longemile and
MotUifU} to Devani-let-PonU ; and to other points.
Oabi. TaxameUr Cabt. For 1-2 pers. per 1000 metres 50 pf., each addit.
600 metres 10 pf. ; 3-4 pers. per 750 metres 50 pf., each addit. 375 metres
10 pf ; at night, 1-4 pers. per 500 metres 50 pf., each addit. 250 metres 10 pf.
Each box 5© pf. — Ordinary Cabs. Per drive within the town, 1-2 pers.
60 pf., to or from the rail, stations 1 •#, each pers. additional 20 pf.; per
V» hr. for 1-2 pers. 1 •#, Vi hr. 1 •# 40, 1 hr. 1 Ul 60, each pers. addit 20,
30, 40 pf. — GarrUgei to the battlefields, 12, 16, 20, or 24 Ul, with fee,
accord^g to the extent of the drive. Carriages should be hired at the
hotels, especially if the tourist intends to cross the French frontier.
Pott Office, Post-Str. 23. — Telegraph Office, Esplanaden-Strasse.
Maps and Dbscbiptions of the battlefields are sold at the bookshops :
Deutsclte Buehhandlungy Palast-Strasse; 0. Scrtba^ Kammer-Platz 20; (7. MUller,
Bomer-Str. 9. German scholars will find LiebacK't ^Taktische wanderung
iiber die Schlachtfelder* (1 Ul 60 pf.) of interest.
Mttviy the foitifled capital of German Lorraine and the head-
quarters of the 16th army-corps, with 58,500 inhab., more than a
half of whom are Germans, and a garrison of 23,000 men, lies in a
wide basin on the Moselle^ which, at the lower end of the town,
is joined by the Stillt on the right. It was the Divodurum of the
Romans, the chief town of the Gallic tribe of the Mtdiomatrici. It
was the seat of a bishop in the 4th cent. ; became afterwards the
capital of the kingdom of Austrasia; and in 870 passed into the
possession of Germany. Subsequently Metz was a free city of the
German Empire, until it was taken by the French in 1552, and
successfully maintained by them against Charles Y . By the Peace
of 1556 it was ceded to the French, together with Toul and Verdun,
and in 1871 it was again incorporated with the Empire of Germany.
The ♦Esplanade (PI. B, 5), which extends towards the S.W.
of the town, is laid out in pleasant walks. On the S.E. side
stands a Statue of Marshal Ney (1769-1815), by Petre (1855). In
the middle of the Esplanade is an Equestrian Statue ofEmp. WiUiam /.,
by Ferd. von Miller. Farther on, to the right, is a fountain with a
figure modelled by P^tre, and a bronze steed and other animals by
Fratin. The W. part of the Esplanade affords a fine view of the
valley and the heights of St. Quentin. — The Boufflers Garden,
to the N., belonged to the residence of the French governor (1668),
now the Palcu:e of Justice (PI. B, 4). In It rises a Statue of Prince
Frederick Charles, who took Metz in 1870, by Ferd. von Miller
(1898). — In the Old Citadel (PI. B, 3) a church of the Templars
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176 RouU23, METZ.
(12th cent.?) has recently been laid bare, to the W. of the arsenal.
In the same neighbourhood stands the ancient and now disused
Church of St. Peter.
The Priester-Strasse and Bomer-Strasse, running to the N. from
the Esplanade and the Kaisbe-Wilhblm-Platz (PI. B, 5), are the
chief seats of business. The Fabert-Strasse, continuing the Priester-
Strasse, ends at the Pabadb-Platz (PI. C, 4), between the cathedral
and the Stadthaus (1771). The square is adorned with a Statue of
Marshal Fdbert (1659-1662), a native of Metz, who distinguished
himself in the campaigns of Louis XIV.
The ♦Cathbdbal (PI. C, 4), the finest edifice in the town, is
a magnificent 6K)thic structure, begun under the influence of the
Rheims school of architecture in the second half of the 13th century.
The lofty nave was completed before 1392, the choir dates from the
15th and 16th cent, and was consecrated in 1546. A thoroughgoing
restoration, under the superintendence of Tomow , has been in
hand since 1875, and both the main portal and the Porte de
Notre Dame (Parade-Platz) have been rebuilt. The fine stained-
glass windows in the S. aisle date from the 13th cent. ; those in
the nave are of the 14th and 15th cent.; those in the transept and
the choir are of the 15th and early 16th cent. ; and several others
are modern. In the S. aisle is an old Roman bath used as a font.
The tower is 387 ft. high (110 steps to the first gallery, 105 more
to the huge bell called the MuttCj and 78 thence to the highest
gaUery).
On the Moselle Island to the N.W. of the cathedral are the Pro-
vincial Offices (PI. C, 8), formerly the French prefecture (19th cent.),
and the Theatre (18th cent.). Fine view of the cathedral. A Protestant
church has been buUt at the S. extremity of the island. — On the
opposite bank of the river rise the Church of St, Vincent (PI. B, 0, 3),
a fine Gothic structure begun in the 13th cent., with traces of the
Romanesque style, but disfigured externally with an unsuitable
modern facade, and the Prot. Military Church (PI. B, 3), in the
Gothic style, with a tower 318 ft. in height.
The Library (PI. C, 2), in the Bibliothek - Strasse , contains
many valuable works on the history of Lorraine and the town itself.
The Museum J in the same building, is open on Sun. 10-4 and on
Wed. 1-4, gratis; on other days 10-4, fee. It contains Roman mon-
uments and other antiquities found near Metz, a few mediaeval
objects, a collection of coins, and an unimportant picture-gallery.
In the Geisberg-Strasse, adjoining the Library, is the Austrasian
Palace J erected on the site and partly with the materials of a Roman
palace in 1599. It has recently been rebuilt and now serves as a
commissariat- store. — The early-German Church of St, Segolene
(PI. D, 3) has also been recently rebuilt.
The bridge between the Goldschmied-Strasse and the Deutsche-
Strasse (PI. C, D, 4) affords a view of the lofty tanneries character-
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GRAVELOTTE. 23. Boute. 177
istic of Metz. — The Church of St. Eucharius (PI. D, 4^, with a plain
interior, near the Deutsche Thor (1448; restored in 1892), dates from
the 12th century.
To the N. of the town is the Charribihre Cemetery (adjoining Pi. D, 21
■with a lofty Memorial to the French soldiers who died at Metz in 1870.
Metz is the junction of the Saarbriicken Railway with the lines to
Pagny and Nancy (p. 179), to Diedenho fen (p. 190) and Jjuxembourg
(p. 189), and to AmanweiUr and Verdun. [To Amanweiler, 9V2 M.,
in 3/^-1 hr., passing Moulins (electric tramway, see p. 175), situated
at the entrance of the valley of Monvaux, which the train ascends,
and Chdtel-St'Oermain ; the station of Amanweiler (restaurant) is
11/4 M. from St. Privat.]
The Battle Fields of 16th and 18th August, 1870, lie to the W. of
Metz, on the road to Verdun. A visit to them occupies a whole day,
even by carriage (see p. 175). It is advisable to send on the carriage in
advance aad to join it at Noviant (p. 179) by an early train, and to return
by a late train from AmantoeUer (see above). From Nov^ant we proceed
to (2V« M.) Gorte; Vionville 3»/4 M.j RetonvilU 2 M. ; Oravelotte 2 M. 1 to
St. Hubert and back (on foot) 3 M. \ from Gravelotte to VernMUe 3 M. j
Ste, Marie-aux-CTienes 8 H.; St. JYivcU 2 M.; Amantgeiler IV4 M. Cyclists
may adopt the following route: from Metz to LongeviUe^ 8 M. ; Lei Moulins^
IV4 M. ; Maiison Neuve^ 1 M.; Chatel St. Germain and Amantoeilerj 6 M. ^
St. Frivaty IV4 Af . •, then by the Roncourt road to the (Vz M.) Saxon Monument
and past the Monument of the lat Guards Regiment to Ste. Marie-aux-CJienes
(1 M.)t Vemiville, 8V« M. ; Gravelotte, 3 M. Then to RezmvUle (2V2 M.), Vion-
ville (2V2 M.), and Afars-la-Tottr (3M.), and back to Gravelotte; visit the
ravine of St. Hubert (U/i M.) and return vi& (5V2 M.) Les Moulins to Metz,
41/2 M. — Information on all points connected with the battles is given
by the keepers of the monuments and burial-grounds. — A commemorative
ceremony is held yearly on Aug. i5th in the ravine at Gravelotte, and the
graves are decked with flowers.
Those who desire to visit the Battle Field of the 18th August only should
proceed by railway to An (p. 179) ; walk thence to (IV2 hr.) Gravelotte ;
visit the ravine of St. Hubert (1 hr. there and back) ; go on to (1 hr.) Verni-
paie and via Habonville and St. Ail to (IV4 hr.) Ste. Marie-aux-Chinee, follow the
route of the advancing guards to {*U hr.) St. Privat and thence to (1/2 hr.)
AmoMJoeiler Q50 min. direct from Vem^ville) , whence the return to Metz is
made by railway.
Oravelotte (CJieval cCOr, Post^ both very fair), formed the centre of the
right wing of the German position, consisting of the 7th and 8th Prussian
(yorps (commanded by Zastrow and Gosben under Steinmetz), which towards
evening were supported by the 2nd Corps (under Fransecky). At the E.
end of the village is a large soldiers' cemetery, to which most of the graves
scattered over the plain have been removed.
The road descends into the wooded ravine of Gravelotte, through
which the 8th Prussian corps had to defile. Numerous regimental mon-
uments bear witness to the terrible losses of the attacking party. The inn
of St. Hubert was captured by the Germans in the course of the afternoon.
The height of Point du Jour, now crowned by a fort and inaccessible, was
the chief ^point d'appui' of the left wing of the French army (composed
of the 2nd Corps under Frossard and the 3rd Corps under Leboeuf), the
lines of which extended to Rozerieulles. The French maintained their
position until nightfall, but retreated on the morning of the 19th.
In the middle of the village, the road divides, both branches leading
to Verdun. On that to the right (N.) lies the farm of Mogador^ near which
is a rock with an Inscription, marking the spot whence Emp. William
witnessed the battle $ it affords a good survey of the farms of Point-du-Jour^
Babdbksb's Rhine. 16th Edit. 12*
178 Route 23. MARS-LA-TOUR. Battlefields
MoscoUf Leiptig^ Montignp-kt-Orange^ etc., on the opposite heights, then
occupied by the French. Malmauon, the next fkrm on this road, was oc-
cupied by the 9th Prussian Corps d'Arm^e (under Manstein), the lines of
which extended along the road diverging to the right as far as (IV4 M.)
Vemeville. To the W. of the village (reached by the road diverging to
the left) is a handsome Monument to some of the fallen Germans. We
now cross the field to the right and reach the road to Amantoeilei'. The
villages of Habonville and St. Aily from which the right wing of the guards
(under Prince Augustus of Wurtemberg)and behind it the reserve of the
10th Corps (under Voigts-Bhetz) advanced, are on French territory; Ste.
Marie-avx-ChSnes , •/« ^- farther on, the centre of the left wing of the
guards, now belongs to Germany. Here there is a French monument.
Farther N. are Montou-la-Montagne and Malancourt^ where the left wing
of the German line of battle was terminated by the Saxon corps (under
the Crown Prince of Saxony). The right wing of the French opposite
(consisting of the 4th Corps under Ladmirault, and the 6th Corps under
Canrobert) was posted by the villages of Roncourt and St-Privat-la^Kontagne
(new inn), on the road, opposite Ste. Marie, both of which were taken in
the evening by an attack of the guards and the Saxons, whereupon the
right French wing retreated towards Metz in great confusion. Several
Monuments have been erected to the Germans on the road from Ste. Marie
to St. Privat. — The eight German Corps d'Arm^e engaged in this battle
numbered about 230,(X)0 men, opposed to whom were 180,(X)0 French. The
Germans lost 899 officers and ld,260 men: the French 609 officers and
11,705 men.
The Battle Field of the 16th August adjoins that above described, and may
be conveniently visited by taking the train to NovicuU (p. 179) and the
botel-onmibus or motor-omnibus thence to (2Vs M.) Oone {LUmd^Or^ very
fair; open carr. to visit the battlefield 4-5 •#). Walkers proceed from Gorze
via Flivigny to (1V« hr.) Vionville and thence to (V4 hr.) Bezonville and
•back to (11/4 hr.) Gorze. — Mars-la-Tour is best visited from Pagny (p. 179).
The object of the German attack was to prevent the French retreating
."towards the W. — The position of the French was principally supported on
4 ^e left by the village of Besonville, situated on the left (S.) branch of the
> i>pad from Gravelotte, and 1 Va M. distant from it ; King William spent the
o (light of 18-19th Aug. in the last house to the W. (tablet). (A little to the S.
} of the village, at the end of the ravine ascending from Gorze, mentioned
above, is a monument to the commander of the 72nd Regiment, who fell
at this spot ; good view hence.) About 2 M. farther on lies Vionville, which
was occupied soon after the beginning of the battle by detachments of
*the 3rd Corps d'^Arm^e (Brandenburgers). Farther advance w as, however,
impossible in the face of the great numerical superiority of ihe French
troops. To prevent the progress of the French, a desperate attack was
made on their artillery and infantry by the (German cuirassiers and uhlans,
who, however, had eventually to retire before the overwhelming masses
of the French cavalry. A mon>'ment to the N. of Bezonvllle marks the
scene of this gallant episode. After 6 p.m. repeated attacks were made
from the 8. by the 8th Army Corps and the Hesse-Darmstadt Division, but
the withering fire on both sides prevented any definite result. In the
meantime a not less bloody act of the terrible drama was taking place to
the W. of Vionville, near Tronville and Kars-la-Tour, where the lOtti Army
Corps, with part of the 9th, managed to hold the numerically superior
enemy. About 6.45 p m. took place the finest cavalry engagement in the
whole war, when six regiments of French horse were routed by 21 squad-
rons of Prussian cavalry (Rheinbaben Division) Numerous monaments
dot the battlefield, many of them on the French side of the frontier. Beyond
l*lar8-la-Tour. near the rail, station, is the chief French monument, by
Bogino. — The battle of 16th Aug. was one of the bloodiest fought during
the whole war. In the course of the day no fewer than 138,000 French
troops and 476 guns were engaged at intervals, while the German forces
amounted to 67,0(X) men with !^2 guns. The French loss was estimated
at 879 officers and 16,128 men, and the German loss at 711 officers and
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near'Metz. COLOMBEY-NOUILLY. 23. Route. 179
15,079 rank and file. The advantage lay, on the whole, with the Germans,
who prevented their opponents from re-opening the road to Verdun.
To the E. of Metz he the Battle Fields of 14th Aug. and of 31st Aug.
and 1st Sepi.^ 1870. We take the diligence (thrice daily) to (in IV4 hr.)
Noi$»enU€ and walk via Servigny and Colomhey to (4-6 hrs.) Felire, where we
reach the railway. — The former battle began between three and four
o''clock in the afternoon, and ended at 9 p.m. by the French being driven
back ander the guns of Metz. The Germans have named it the battle of
Golombey-Nouilly ^ as the ground between these villages was the principal
object of attack (see Hap). The result of the battle was to cause a fatal
delay in the intended march of the French to Verdun.
The battle of 31st Aug. and 1st Sept. was fought on the occasion
of the first and most determined attempt of Marshal Bazaine to break
through the German army which had surrounded Metz since 19th August.
The chief object of dispute was the small village oi NoUsevillt (see above),
5 M. from Metz, on the road to Saarlouis. The 4th and 6th Corps and
the guards of the French took the place about 6 p.m., soon after the
beginning of the battle 5 they lost it about 9 p. m. and re-captured it at
10 p. m. On the following day the Germans took the village three times
and lost it as often, but at length aboat noon they succeeded in gaining
final possession of it. The principal German monuments rise to the S.
of the village, and there are several others near Servigny to the N. of it,
and near Colombey to the S. The German loss amounted to 126 officers
and 2850 men, and the French loss to 141 officers and 2664 men.
To the N. of Metz, not far from the road to Diedenhofen, lies Woippy^
where Bazaine^s last sortie^ on 7th Oct., terminated in the retreat of the
French after a battle of nine hours'* duration. — At the chateau of Fi-es-
cati (now a barrack, see below), 2V4 M. to the 8. of Metz, on 27th Oct.,
was signed the capitulation of Metz, whereby the fortress with 3 marshals,
50 generals, 6000 other officers, 173,000 men (including 20,000 sick and
wounded), 53 eagles, 66 mitrailleuses, 541 field-pieces, and 800 fortress-guns,
together with a vast quantity of other munitions of war, was surrendered
to the Germans.
Fbom Metz to Pagnt, I21/2 M., railway in 1/2-I ^^' (feres
1 Uif 70, 1 uif 20, 80 pf .). — The line ascends the picturesque and
well-peopled valley of the Moselle, which flows between hills of mod-
erate height. Soon after leaving Metz, at the point where the line
to Diedenhofen branches off to the right, we pass on the left Fort
8t, Privat, now Prinz August von Wiirttemberg, and then the chateau
of Frescati (see ahove), embosomed in trees. A little farther on, the
train crosses the river and reaches (5 M.) Ars-sur- Moselle, with
several manufactories of sparkling wine. On the hill is the Kron-
prins Fort. In the Moselle valley, between Ars and Jouy-aux- Arches
(^Hdtel de TAqueduc Remain, at the N. end of the village) on the
right bank, about 6 M. from Metz, are situated extensive remains of
a Roman Aqueduct erected by Drusus, which was once about 60 ft.
in height and 8/4 M. in length , and conducted water from the hiUs
on the left bank to Metz. At Ars there are seven, and at Jouy
eleven arches still standing. On the hill of 8U Blaise (1195 ft.) above
Jouy is the OrafHaeseler Fort. — 7 M. Ancy, on the Moselle. — From
(8^2 M.) Noviant an omnibus plies thrice daily (once on Sun.) to
Gorze (p. 178). — I21/2 M. Pagny is the French frontier-station.
Thence to Nancy and Paris, see Baedeker'^s Northern France.
From Metz to Treves and Luxembourg, see pp. 190-188.
12<iOOgle
180
24. From Saarbrucken to Treves, and thence to
Lnxembonrg and Metz.
Cotnp. Map^ p. 172,
Railway to TrHes (55 M.) in 2-21/2 lirs. (fares 7 Ul 20, 5Ur 40, 3 •# 60 pf.) :
from Treves to Luxembourg (82 M.) in 1V4-2 hrs. (fares 4 •# 30, 3 Ul, 1 J*
90pf.)5 from Treves to Metz vi& Diedenhofen (66 M.) in 2V4-3 hrs. (fares
8 Ur 30, 5UI 90, 3ul 90 pf.-, express 9 UT 50, 6 UT 90, 4Ul 90pf.; return-
tickets available via Luzemboarg are issued). — On the journey from
Luxembourg to Treves a brief halt is made for a custom-house examina-
tion at Karthaut (p. 189).
Saarhfucken, seep. 173. The line follows the course of the Soar,
Numeious coal-mines and manufactories are passed. 2 M. Burhadh^
with a large foundry. 4 M. Louisenihal^ also connected with Saar-
brilcken by tramway. From (6 M.) Vblklingen (Kalserhof; Miiller-
Etsch'eid), with a large foundry, a branch-line runs to Wadgaasen^
joining the line from Bous to Teterchen (p. 174). — 10 M. BouSj
the junction of the line to Teterchen and Courcelles (p. 174);
12^2 M. Ensdorf, connected with Wallerfangen and Saarlouis by
tramway.
141/2 M. SaATlonis (Rheinischer Hof; Zwei Hcaen)^ 1 M. from
the rail, station, with 7900 inhab., formerly a fortress, constructed
in 1680-85 by Vauban for Louis XIV., is now used as a military
dep6t only. The town lies on the left bank of the Saar. About 2 M.
to the N. (tramway, see above) is Wallerfangen (Vaudrefange),
once a fortified place, with the fayence manufactory of Messrs. Yil-
leroy & Boch (see below) and a park.
17 M. Dillingeny the junction for the Niedthal line to Busendorf
on the Diedenhofen (Thionville) and Teterchen railway (12^2 M. ;
Bee p. 190). — 20 M. Beekingen ; 221/2 M. Fremmersdorf. — 24^/2 M.
Merzig (Hdtel Hoffmann j Trierscher Hof, both very fair; BeUevue;
Post) J an industrial town with 6500 inhab., on the wooded right bank
of the Saar, is of ancient origin (Mareiacum), The Roman Catholic
Church, a late-Romanesque (transitional) basilica of the end of the
12th cent., with a lofty dome over the crossing, round-arched windows,
and pointed arcades, was restored in 1887-88 and provided with a
mosaic flooring. The Gothic Protestant Church was built in 1865.
The Rathhaus dates from 1625. About 1 M. lower is a large Lunatic
Asylum^ behind which rises the Oalgehberg (view).
A light railway is now being built to Biltchfeld (on the Wemmets-
weiler and Nunnweiler railway, p. 178).
The train now tunnels through the heights of Montclair, round
which the Saar makes a considerable circuit.
29 M. Mettlaoh(550ft.; ZtWiSfaar, very fair), with 1600 inhab. and
the Imposing buildings of a suppressed Benedictine abbey (1737-71),
originally founded in the 8th cent, by St. Ludyinus, and now oc-
cupied by the extensive earthenware - factory of ViUeroy ^ Boch
(2000 workmen). The modem parish-church contains a reliquary of
the i2th cent, and other valuable objects from the old treasury of
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SAARBURG. 24. Routt, 181
the aT>bey. The ^Museum' at the factory (application for adm. at
the hotel) contains specimens of the very tasteful productions of
the works since their establishment in 1810, and also numerous
pieces of ancient and modern pottery of all kinds. The pretty park,
with the ruined choir of the Romanesque Chapel of 8t. Ludvinus
(restored), is generally accessible to the pubUc. Fine view from
the Pavilion (V2 M. ; restaurant). — On the left bank of the Saar
lies Keuchingeny an artizan colony, connected with Mettlach by an
iron bridge.
From the Pavilion (see above) a pleasant forest-path ascends to CA hr.)
the ruined castle of Kontolair (1060 ft.; 'View), destroyed in 1360 by
Elector Baldwin of Treves (key kept by the park-keeper at Mettlach). —
On the left bank of the Saar, opposite the N. point of the Montclair hills,
rises the Glef (1475 ft.; rfints. on Sun.), reached from Keuchingen in
IVs hr. by a white-marked path ascending to the left from the highroad.
The hill, which was once fortified as the key to this district, affords a
fine survey of the two arms of the valley of the Saar, separated by a
narrow strip of land.
The line follows the right bank of the Saar j picturesque scenery,
particularly near (34 M.) Tdbeny high above which to the left is the
Tdben Chapel , commanding a fine view. — 38 M. Serrig is the
best starting-point for a visit to the Klaus or chapel of Castel, rising
on a precipitous rock on the right bank.
From the station we descend in 5 min. to the Saar, cross it by boat,
and descend the left bank for about 100 paces until a narrow side-valley
opens on the left. We ascend this to (25 min.) the entrance «f the park
surrounding the chapel (if the gate is closed, the key must be called tor
at the village of Ccutely Vs M. distant). The *Elaui', on a bold rock over-
hanging the Saar, is a chapel restored in 1838 by Frederick William IV.,
in which he deposited the bones of bis ancestor, the blind king John of
Bohemia, who fell at Cr^cy in 1346; the modem sarcophagus is of black
marble. Fine views of the valley of the Saar and of Saarburg, which may
be reached from Serrig by a pleasant walk along the river in 1 hr.
4072 M. Beurig is the station for —
Saarburg (^Poat; Restaurant Thinnes, both with gardens), pictur-
esquely situated in a basin, and commanded by the considerable ruins
of a castle of the Electors of Treves ; a tunnel leads under the castle
to the town. Pop. *X100. The Gothic Church of 8t, Lawrence was
erected in 1856. The Leuk, which here unites with the Saar, forms
a waterfall, 60 ft. high, near the *Post'. The Pavilion, on the height
to the S., opposite the castle, commands a fine view. — 43 M.
Schoden.
The line descends the valley of the Saar, passing (45 M.) Wil^
tingen, where remains of Roman buildings were recently dis-
covered, (r.) Scharthof, and Ober-Emmely celebrated for their wines,
to (491/2 M.) Cons (266 ft. ; Post), below which it enters the valley
of the Moselle. Gonz (2000 inhab.) is the Roman Contionacum,
whence several imperial edicts were dated. A few remains of the
imperial villa mentioned by Ausonius (p. 190) are still recognisable
near the church. Conz is also united with Treves by a special
branch-line (5 M.) passing the stations of Zewen and Eur en.
182 Route 24, TREVES. Practical Notes,
5OY2 M. Karthaua (Railway Hotel) , tlie junction of the Metz
and Luxembourg lines (p. 188). — 53 Y2 M. Lowenbriicken.
55 M. Treves. — The Railway Station (PI. D, 8) tor all paasenger
trains is on the right bank of the Moselle, on the E. side of the town. —
The station on the left bank of the Moselle serves merely for the local
traffic to Conz and Ehrang.
Hotels. *FoBTA NiGBA (PI. n ; C. 3), in an open situation opposite the
Porta Nigra, with restaurant and veranda, B. 2V3-10, B. 1, D. 3 jf; 'Hotel
PE TBftVKS (PI. a; C. 4)i Venediq (PI. d-, B,4), Briicken-Str., commercioL
R. 2 3, B. i, D 2V2UI; P08T (PI. e-, C, 4), in the Kornmarkt, B. IVa-SVa,
B.i Jt, D. 2 Ul 40 pf., pens. 473-6 Uff; Hotel db Luxbmboubg (PI. c-, C, 4),
B. 2>/2-6, B. 1, D. 27?, pens. 6-9 Jl; Ankeb, cor. of Metzel-Str. and .Tohannes-
Str., R.IV2 D. 1-172^1. — Near the rail, station: Keichshof, B 2-4, D.2U(f;
Bahnhofs-Hotel, R. IV4-2V2, D. lV*-2 U(f ; Hotel du Rhin, R. IV2-2, D. IVa^,
very lair.
Restaurants. ^Domsehente^ Simeons-Str., near the Porta Nigra, with
shady garden, D. (1-3 p.m.) 2Ul; *Zum Stem ( Fischer )y in the market; Schmitz^
Fleisch-Str. ; Kufs^ Keu-Str. 2; Baur and KaUerhof (rooms to let), both
in the Fleisch-Str., good, with gardens; Zvm Rdmer (rooms), Brod-Str. 2,
D. IV4 Jf» — Beer. * Porta Nigra (see above)-, FranziKhnnery Fahr-Str., with
garden; Munchener Kindly Simeons-Strasse. — Garden JUstaurant* on the
heights on the left bank of the Moselle, see p. 188. — Casino in the Korn-
markt; Katholischer BUrgervereiriy Viehmarkt, these two clubs to which
stranger!^ may be introduced by members (good wine). Treviris (Rom. Cath.
house of call), Jacobs-Str. 29.
Baths. Warm Baths , Brod-Str. , and St. Martinsbad , Zurlauben (PI.
B, 2). River Baths at the latter (in summer) and on the left bank of the
Moselle (PI. A, 3).
Oabs. Per drive within the town, including Amphitheatre and Zur-
laubeny for^ pers. 60, 2 pers. 60 pf. ; each additional pers. 25 pf. more. ~-
To the entrance of BellevWy St. MatthiaSy FaUieriy 1 pers. 75 pf., each addit.
person 26 pf. ; to Schneider** Hof and the Weisshau* (p. 187), 1 pers. IVa •#,
each addit. pers. U) pf. Longer drives according to bargain. To Igel
(p. 188) two-horse carr. about b •#. — By time, for each V* h^'«» 1-2 pers. 50,
3-4 pera. 75 pf.
Tramway from the Railway Station (PI. D, 3) via the Nord-All^e and
Simeons-Str to the Market (PI. C, 3), and thence by the Fleisch-Str. to the
Moselle Bridge (PI. A, 4), and by the Brod-Str. t » the Neuthor (PI. B, 5),
Lowenbriicken (see above), and St. Matthias (p. 188).
Post and Telegraph Office (PI. B, C, 4), Fleisch-Str. 75.
Steamboat to CoblenZy see R. 26 ; to Bemcastel, see p. 201.
Trhves (435 ft), Ger. Triers on the right bank of the Moselle,
with 44.000 inhab. (5000 Protestants), said to be the oldest town in
Germany, belonged to the Civitaa Treverorum, or territory of the
Treveri, a tribe of Belgic Gauls conquered B.C. 56 by Caesar. It is
uncertain whether there was a settlement here in pre-Roman times.
The Roman town, Colonia Augusta Treverorum, was probably
founded by Augustus, and invested with the rank of a colony by
Claudius. In the reign of Diocletian Treves became the capital of
Bclgica Prima , and during the 4th century it was frequently the
residence of the Roman Emperors. The numerous relics of that age
in the vicinity are among the finest on this side of the Alps. On the
introduction of Christianity by Constantine, Agricius of Antioch
was (328) elected first Bishop of Treves, and for nearly 15 centuries
the town continued to be the residence of the bishops, archbishops,
and electors, till Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony, the last elector
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
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Porta Nigra. TREVES. 24. Route, 183
(1768-1802; d. 1812), transferred his residence to Coblenz in 1786.
On 10th Aug., 1794, the French captured the town, and in 1815
it was ceded to Prussia. The bishopric was re-established in 1802.
The surrounding vine - clad hills and wooded heights , and the
rich plain in which the town with its red sandstone walls and
numerous towers is situated, are strikingly picturesque.
*Trerir metropolis, urbs amoBnissima,
Qaee Baccham recoils, Baccho gratissima.
Da tais incolis vina fortissima
Per dulcor!'
The Mabkbt (PI. 0, 3) lies nearly in the centre of the town. The
* Rothes Hans' (PI. b), situated here, a late-Gothic building of the
15th cent., was formerly the Rathhaus and had an open arcade on the
groundfloor. It bears the inscription : *Ante Romam Treviris stetit
annis MCCC, referring to a mediaeval tradition that Treves was
founded by Trebeta, son of the Assyrian king Ninus. The building
was taken over by the town in 1900 and is in process of restoration.
An ancient Column in the Platz , supposed to date from 958 , was
renewed in 1723, and is surmounted with a cross with the Lamb of
God. The Petershrurhnen, a beautiful Renaissance fountain, was
erected by Elector John of Schonberg in 1595. Behind it rises the
spire of the St. Qangolphs-Kirche. — In the Dietrich- Str. is the so-
called Propugnaculum , dating from the early Romanesque period
and said to be the oldest domestic building in Germany.
The Simeons- Strasse, leading out of the market-place towards
the N., terminates in the *Porta Nigra (PI. 0, 3), a well-preserved
town-gate with towers of defence, and the finest of the Roman
structures at Treves. This magnificent relic, dating from the 3rd
or 4th cent, of our era, is 115 ft. long, 75-93 ft. high, and 29 ft. in
depth. It consists of three stories, with two gateways, 23 ft. in
height, and is constructed of huge blocks of lias sandstone, blackened
with age and fastened with iron braces instead of mortar.
The Porta Nigra was a fortified city-gate, the exterior of which could
be closed by a portcnllis and defended by the two towers. If the enemy
succeeded in storming the gate he found himself in the 'propugnaculum'*,
a small enclosed court, secured on the side next the town by a barricade
and exposed to a raking fire from all parts of the gate-house. At both
ends there are still traces of the junction of the gate with the walls, and
at the W. end is a doorway, which opened on the ramparts. A portion
of the old Roman wall has been uncovered on the N.E. side of the gate,
underneath the mediceval wall. In 1028^ the E. tower was occupied by
a Greek hermit named Simeon, and on his death the structure was con-
verted Into two churches, one above the other. In 1817 all the later ad-
ditions were removed except the apse at the E. end, and in 1876 the
original Roman structure was thoroughly disclosed.
In the interior are a number of Roman antiquities, architectural frag-
ments, stone coffins (one containing a tall skeleton), and broken sculptures.
Admission daily, 9-11 ; at other times on application to the custodian of the
Roman Palace (p. 187). Entrance on the W. side.
To the E. of the Market Place lies the Domfrbihof, a small
square with a Statue of Emperor William J., in bronze, by F. von
MiUer, erected in 1893. o„.edb,Google
186 Route 24. TREVES. Brovincial Museum.
testant church. The imposing interior, terminating in an apse at the
N. end, is lighted hy a double row of windows. The verger is sum-
moned by ringing the bell beside the guard-honse in theConstantinf-
Platz (feel. The basiUca is 225 ft. long, 100 ft. wide, and 98 ft. high.
The N.W. side up to the lower row of windows, the apse, ar.d the
lofty arch between the nave and the apse are all antiqae. The S.
facade and the £. side, on the other hand, are almost entirely modern.
The entrance for the pnblic was at the 8. end \ the two smaller entrances
near the apse were probably for the use of the judges. The interior was
richly decorated with painting, some relics of which may be inspected
in the mnsenm. Below the floor was a hypocaost, or he i ting-apparatus. —
Over the altar is a tabernacle with four columns of yellow African marble,
presented to Frederick William IV. by the Khedive of Egypt.
From the Oonstantins-Platz we reach the Ost-Alltfe, in which
the Museum lies, by passing the Palace Barracks and out through
the Mus-Thor.
The *Provincial Xnseum (PI. C, 5j, a handsome Renaisssnce
building in red sandstone, erected in lo85-89, contains an exten-
siye and highly interesting collection of Roman and other an-
tiquities, a number of pictures, and a collection of art-industrial
objects. Open free in summer on Sun. A Wed., 11-1, and on other
days, at the same hours, for a fee of 50 pf.; from 9 to 11 and 2 to 6
(except Mon.) and in winter adm. is obtained by a fee of 75 pf. to
the custodian, who lives in the S. wing. Short guide 60 pf. ; illustrated
catalogue by Dr. Hettner, 1 ulf 60 pf.
Ground Floor. — To the left, Booms I-IV: * Roman Tomb* from ilTstt-
magen^ dating from about 100-260 A. D. and depicting the ancient dwelleri
on the Moselle in their costumes and their daily life. Many of the sculp-
tures illustrate the culture of the vine on the Moselle.
Booms V and VI: Stone Monuments from the City of Trives. In Book V :
Inscription from a monument dedicated to L. Caesar^ the adopted son of
Augustus, the oldest inscription found in the Rhine districts. — Book VI:
Heathen coffln with skeleton and sepulchral objects of the 3rd cent. A. J).\
Christian Interiptions . from the cemeteries of 8t. Paulin, St. Maximin,
and St. Matthias, bearing testimony to the spread of Christianity at Treves
in the 4th and 6th cent. \ reproduction of a wooden coffin with Christian
emblems, found in 1883 in the church of St. Paulinus in the stone sarco-
phagus, which according to tradition contained the remains of St. Pauli-
nus (d. about 860). — Boom VII: Technical objects of Roman origin. —
Boom VIII: Most recent discoveries.
Sunk Floor. Boom XI: iHleetonee of A. D. 121 and 139 from the Boman
road from Treves to Cologne; Votive Mbntanents from the environs of
Treves. Mercury with Bfuchue as a child. — Boom XII: Roman Tomb Mon-
uments from the environs of Treves. — Room XIII: Bomanesque, Gothic,
and later sculptures.
First Floor. Boom XIV: * Roman Mosaic^ probably from about A. D. 300,
found during the erection of the Museum (upwards of one-third is lost),
representing Muses teaching wise men, the Months with their gods, the
Signs of the Zodiac, and the Four Seasons. — Room XV: Roman Antiquities
found at Trivex. Antique marble columns; 'Torso of Cupid; 'Torso of
Amazon, based on the same original as the Mattel Amazon in the Vatican ;
torso of an athlete; smaller objects from the Boman Baths, particularly
combs and hair-pins; mural paintings; mosaics; statue of Jupiter. —
Boom XVI: Antiquities found in the Environs of Trives. Mosaics from
Boman villas; sixty ^Hermae^ with Boman and Greek portraits, popular
types, and heads of divinities; Coins and Brontes; plans of Boman buildings.
— Book XVn : Bronses. — Boom XVni : Earthenware vessels and lampg. —
Amphitheatre, TREVES. 24. RouU. 187
Boom XIX: Roman Tonibs, found mostly beside the Porta Nigra and in the
*Nene Weg\ and re-erected as they were found. — Boom XX : Roman Drinking
Cups; terracottas*, glass, rings, and cut stones. — Room XXI: Pre-Roman
Antiquities. — Boom XXII: Frankish Antiquities and a small Greek and
Egyptian collection. — Boom XXni. Collection of Coins: Boman coins minted
at Treves, in chronological order; coins of the Electors of Treves.
Boom XXIV. In the cabinets in the centre of the room : ivory carvings;
Limoges enamels ; bronze dish of the 12th cent, with representation of
the Good Samaritan. On the walls a number of pictures, mostly of the
Bhenish and Netherlandish schools (lively copies). — Boom XXV : Collec-
tion of Bhenish stoneware; majolica and porcelain; collection of glass
(16-18th cent.).
The *Boiiian Palace (PI. C, 5) , entered from the Promenade
and also from the Palast-Platz, lies at the S.E. comer of the town,
and fonns a picturesque group of ruins, part of which is 65 ft. high.
In the middle ages the building was used alternately as a church and
as a fortress. The rubbish in the interior accumulated to such an
extent, that one of the windows was once used as an entrance to the
town. — Visitors ring at the entrance.
The best-preserved part of the edifice is a Rectangular Room^ with
three apses, at the S.E. end, formerly lighted by two rows of arched
windows, and heated by channels for hot air, many of which are still
visible. To the right and left of this chamber stood two Towers y one
of which is still extant and commands a fine view of the ruins and of
the town (ascent by a steep spiral staircase). — At the N.W. end, where
the excavations are still in progress, various circular and square rooms
and subterranean passages have been brought to light. — The keeper
(60 pf.) has also the key of the Porta Nigra (p. 183).
On a rising ground about 74 M. to the E. of the Palace
is the *Amphitheatre (PI. D, 5) , locally known as the Kdskeller,
situated among vineyards. This arena, still in excellent preserv-
ation, with a diameter from N. to S. of 76 yds., and from E. to
W. of 53 yds., was capable of accommodating 7-8000 spectators.
(That at Verona held 20,000 spectators , the Colosseum at Rome
40-50,000.) The E. half is built into the rocky side of the hill, while
the W. is raised to the same level by aitiflcial means. At the N.
and S. ends are gateways , each with three openings , that in the
centre leading to the arena, and those at the sides to the seats for
spectators. There are also two entrances for the public on the "W.
side. The dens for the wild beasts and the chambers for the gladi-
ators are still traceable adjacent to the arena. The amphitheatre
was probably built in the reign of Trajan or Hadrian. In 306 Con-
stantine here sullied his fame by causing several thousand Franks,
with their leaders Ascarich and Ragals, to be torn to pieces by
wild beasts; and in 313, a number of captive Bructeri were bar-
barously sacrificed for the amusement of the people. — The Amphi-
theatre affords an excellent view of Treves by morning-light.
Adjoining the Kaiser-Strasse are the Boman Baths (PI. A, 5),
an imposing structure of the 4th cent. A. D., 660 ft. in length, ex-
cavated in 1877-85 (adm. 25 pf. ; plan 10 pf.). The principal facade
was turned towards the N. The masonry above the level of the
ground has almost entirely disappeared, though at the beginning of
188 EouU 24. TREVES. St. Matthew's.
the ITtli cent, it was preserved np to the second story. The position
of the cold baths ffrigidarium), the tepidarmmj and the ealdarium,
the large basin of warm water, the heating apparatus, and other
parts of the building can still be traced.
Adjacent is the MoBOlle Bridge (PI. A, 4 ; tramway, see p. 182),
with eight arches, some of the buttresses of which are of Roman
origin. The second and seventh buttresses from the town-side were
blown up by the French in 1689, and restored in 1729. The bridge
(620 ft. long) has recently been skilfully widened and levelled. —
On the left bank of the Moselle is the Local Station mentioned at
p. 182. — The conspicuous Column of the Virgin ('Mariensaule').
on the hill (2 M. from the bridge), commemorates the promulga-
tion of the dogma of the immaculate conception of the Virgin.
The best *View of Treves in the afternoon is obtained from the
hill on the left bank of the Moselle above the village of Pallien
(PI. A, 1), and opposite the suburb of Zurlauben (ferry; PI. B, 1, 2).
At the landing-place of the ferry is a board indicating the way to
the Cafi Bellevue (PI. A, 2). Beyond the Napoleons-Brdcke, car-
rying the Aix-la-Ohapelle road over the ravine of the Sirzenicher
Bach, a path ascends to the right to Schneider's Hof (PI. A, 1) and
the ♦ Weisshaus (PI. A, B, 1), with a pretty park and a restaurant
(cab, see p. 182). About 172 M. higher up is the Kockelsberg (re-
staurant), commanding an admirable view.
About */a H. to the S. of Treves is situated the venerable Ohurch of
St. Matthew (comp. PI. B, 6; tramway, see p. 182), dating in its present
form from the 12th cent., witii alterations made in the 16th and 18th cent.,
and said to contain the sarcophagus of the Evangelist (a favourite resort of
pilgrims). Beside it is a Roman cemetery. — About *U ^* to the X. of the
town is St. Panlin (PI. D, 2), with an interesting rococo church of the
early part of the 18th cent., richly adorned with frescoes. In the vicinity
is a spot marked by a Cross where some of the early Christians suffered
martyrdom at the hands of the Romans. In the crypt are their tombs
with their names inscribed. Near it is the venerable Abbep of St. Maximin^
now a barrack (PI. D, 3).
The Railway fbom Tb&tbs to Litxbmboxtbo (fares, see p. 180)
is the same as that to Saarbriickeu as far as (4^/2 M.) Karthaus (see
p. 182), the (seat of the German custom-house (p. 180). Opposite
the station on the right is an old Carthusian convent, since 1884
occupied by Franciscan nuns, who have restored the handsome
baroque church. The train now crosses the Moselle.
7 M. Igel (Willmerstedt), an inconsiderable village, contains
one of the most interesting Roman relics to the N. of the Alps,
the celebrated *Igel Monument^ popularly called the *Heidenthurm'
(heathens* tower), and visible from the railway (to the right, below
the church). The monument is a square sandstone column, 75 ft. in
height, and I6V2 ft. broad at the base, and was erected as a funeral
monument by the rich mercantile family of Secundini , probably
in the latter half of the third cent, after Christ. It bears appro-
priate inscriptions , some of which are now illegible , and also
NENNIG. 24, Route. 189
several reliefs of scenes of daily life and mythological representa-
tions, such as Hylaa and the Nymphs, Achilles being bathed in the
Styx, Mars and Rhea SyMa, the Apotheosis of Hercules, Persens
and Andromeda, and Hercules with the apples of the Hesperides.
From the church on the hill behind the monument a fine view is
enjoyed of the country around (best by evening -light). — Above
Igel, which may also be visited from Wasserliesch (see below) , are
extensive gypsum-quarries.
Near (91/2 M.) Waaserbillig the line crosses the frontier of
Luxembourg ; scenery picturesque j the Sauer (Sure) here unites
with the Moselle, after having for some distance formed the bound-
ary between Prussia and Luxembourg. Near its mouth is the priory
of Langsur. From Wasserbillig to Diekirch (301/2 M.), railway in
2-2^/4 hrs. via Echtemachy see Baedeker's Belgium and Holland.
Near (10 M.) Mertert the train quits the Moselle and ascends the
valley of the Sure. 15 M. Wecker; 19 M. Roodt; 221/2 M. Miins-
hach; 241/2 M. Oetringen, The train then crosses the Pulvermuhlen-
Thal by a viaduct 275 yds. long and 100 ft. high. The station of
Luxembourg, situated on the right side of the valley of the Piirutse,
is connected with the town by a handsome viaduct.
32 M. Luxembonrg (Hdtels Brasseur, de Cologne^ de VEurope,
des Nations, de Luxembourg), see Baedeker's Belgium and Holland.
The Railway fbom Treves to Mbtz (fares, etc., see p. 180),
a {prolongation of that described in R. 25, ascends the valley of
the Moselle above Treves. — I1/2 M. Lowenbrucken. 41/2 M. Kart-
haus, the junction of the Saarbrucken and Luxembourg lines (see
pp. 181, 188). Below the bridge at Conz (p. 181) the train crosses
the 8<iar, affording a view of the pretty valley of that stream. 8 M.
Wasserliesch, 1/2 M. to the S. of Igel (see above) ; 13 M. Wellen.
Near (15 M.) Nittel the train passes through a tunnel. 18 M. Winche"
ringen; 23 M. Palzem. On the right, close to the Moselle, the cha-
teau of Thorn; farther on, to the left, the chateau of Buhingen.
25 M. Nennig. The station is at the village of Wies, 1 M. from the
little Luxembourg town of Remich on the left bank of the Moselle,
and as far from the village of Nennig (poor inn). In the last
are the remains of a Roman villa, excavated in 1852, contain-
ing a remarkably fine ^Mosaic Pavement, 49 ft. long and 33 ft.
broad (now protected by a wooden covering; fee). It is nearly as
large as the Mosaic of the Athletes in the Lateran at Rome , and
perhaps surpasses that celebrated work in artistic execution. The
principal scene represents a combat of gladiators, and is surrounded
by seven medallions with animals, fencers, and musicians.
29 M. Perl, the last Prussian stetion. — 32 M. Sierck (H6iel de
Met%, very fairj, a small and ancient town with 1200 inhab., pictur-
esquely situated on the right bank of the Moselle, and cqmmanded by
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190 Route 24, DIEDENHOFEN.
the conspicuous ruins of a castle of the Dukes of Loiraine. About
6 M. to the N.E. is Schloss Mensberg^ popularly known as Schlosa
Marlborough, from its occupation by the great British general.
36 M. MaUingen; 38 V2 ^* Konigsmachem.
43 V2 M. Diedenhofen, Fr. Thionville (Hdtel Mehn ; Post), a forti-
fied town of 10,000 inhah., on the Moselle, is the junction for Luxem-
bourg (see below) and of branch-lines to (28 M.) Teterchen (p. 174),
and via Hayingen to (10 V2M.) Fentsch, with numerous blast-furnaces.
Fbou Dikdknhofbn to Luxbmboubg, 2OV2 M , railway in Vz-i iu". (2 Ulf
70, 1 Ul? 80, 1 Ul? 20 pf.J. The line crosses the Moselle. Stations Oro»»-Hei'
tingen^ Su/tgen, and (13 M.) Bettembourg^ the first place in the grand-duchy
of Luxembourg; then Btrchem and (20'/2 ^0 Luxembourg (p. 189).
47 M. Veckingen; 49 M. Beichersberg j 51 M. Hagendingen;
63 M. Maizihres, with blast-furnaces. — 69*/2M. Devant^les-Ponts,
outside the Porte de France of Metz. To the right, on the hill,
lies Fort Friedrich Karl (formerly St. Quentin), and beside it is a
monument to Bismarck. The train describes a wide curve round
the W. side of the town, crosses the Mosellle, and enters the chief
station of (66 M,) Metz (p. 174).
25. From Coblenz to Trives by the Moselle and by
Eailway.
Railwat (69 M.) in 2-3Vs hrs. (fares 9 UT, 6 UT 80, 4 UT 50 pf. : express
10 uriO, 7 ur 60, 5 •# 30 pf.). — Views to the left.
Steamboat (119 M.) four times weekly in summer (May 15th to Sept. 30th)
from Coblenz to Treves in 2 days, spending the night at TrarhtKh. The
descent from Treves to Coblenz (Mon., Wed., Thurs., A Sat.) takes 12-13 hrs.
Fares for the ascent 9 or 6 Ulf, descent lli/s »# or 7 Ulf 60 pf. Comp. the
local time-tables. The river is sometimes so low that the steamboats have
to cease running. Restaurants onboard the steamers (B. I1/4, D. 3-4 Uif),
with good wine. — The steamboat-pier at Coblenz lies between the bridges
over the Moselle i that at Treves is near the Brticken-Thor (PI. A, 4). There
are also local steamer services between Coblenz and Cochem and between
Bemcastel and Treves.
The * Valley of the Moaelle is not unworthy of comparison with that of
the Rhine. The scenery is remarkably picturesque at places, the wooded
and vine -clad hills present a great variety of form, and the valley is
enlivened with smiling villages. The finest portion is between Coblenz and
Bemcastel. The prevailing stillness affords a pleasant contrast to the noise
and bustle of the Rhine. Charming excursions may be made in the wooded
and sometimes rocky lateral valleys, and magnificent views are afforded by
the tops of numerous hills, often crowned by picturesque ruined castles.
The region watered by the Moselle is also rich in political and historical
associations, extending back to the time of the Romans ; and a Roman poet,
Deeimu* Magnus Atuonius (circa 309-92), has celebrated the praises of this
river in a poem entitled 'Mosella'. The Moselle wines have long been
famous for their delicate bouquet (see p. xxiii). The pedestrian will find
the valley admirably adapted for a walking-tour, which is greatly facili-
tated by numerous fairly-comfortable though small and unpretending inns.
The letters R.B. and L.B. denote the right and left banks with reference
to the traveller descending the river.
The best roads for cyclist? are alternately on the right and left banks :
from Coblenz to Treis R.B.. then to Alf L.B., Bullay to Trarbach E.B.,
Traben to Kinheim L.B., Kindel-Bemeastel-Thornich R.B. ; from there L.B.,
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COBERN. 25. Route. 191
in dry weather, along the Moselle, otherwise via Second and the Hohe
Kreuz Inn to Schweich; thence R.B. to Tr^vea.
At certain steamboat -stations passengers are landed and ^embarked
in small boats (fee 10 pf.).
CoblenZy see p. 105. The train skirts the base of the Earthause
(p. 1101, and above (2 M.) Moselweis (Rosschen) crosses the Moselle.
21/2 M. Ouls (steamb. stat. ; Zillien), a prettily-sitnated village.
The train traverses the orchard-like district of Giils, skirting the
vine-clad hills, and passes Lay, a village on the right bank.
5 M. Winniiigen(steamb. stat. ; Schwan^ on the river, with garden-
restanrant; Adler, both very fair), a market- town with 2000 inhab.,
once belonging to the county of Sponheim , and hence forming,
like several other places on the Moselle (Enkirch, Trarbach, etc.),
a Protestant 'enclave' in the midst of the Roman Catholic Elector-
ate of Treves. Wine is much grown in thfe environs.
Farther up the river the left bank consists of lofty and precipi-
tous rocks, called the Wirminger and Cobemer Vlen^ producing the
best flavoured wine of the Lower Moselle. — On the opposite (r.)
bank lies Dieblich (Sauer), with a handsome church.
L.B. (91/2 M.)Cobem (steamb. stat.; 5imo«w, fair), commanded
by two castles of the Knights of Gobern, the last of whom was exe-
cuted at Ooblenz in 1536 as a disturber of the public peace. The rail,
station lies above Cobem, near Qondorf (see below). A steep foot-
path ascends through the vineyards (the path with the pilgrimage-
stations is longer, but easier) to the picturesque Niederburg. It is,
however, preferable to ascend direct to the (36 min.) Oberburg, fol-
lowing (20 min.) the finger-post pointing to the right at a bend in
the road (fine view of the Niederburg and the valley). Within the
Oberburg^ 01 Altenburg, is the * Chapel of St. Matthias (key obtained
from J. Reif, Scheidergasse 7, in the village), a hexagonal edifice
measuring 53 ft. from angle to angle. It is the most elegant work
of the late-Romanesque style in the Rhineland, dating from 1230
and probably inspired by the church of the Holy Sepulchre at Jeru-
salem, which had lately become known through the Crusades. The
central portion rises above the rest, and is borne by six columns. The
elaborate decorations are executed in a masterly style, and the
acoustic properties of the chapel are excellent. It was restored by
Emp. William II. in 1894, and the old painting has been renewed.
Farther up, on the same (1.) bank, lies Gondor/'(Haupt, R. 1V2-2,
pens. 372-4 Jf, very fair), vdth the Tempelhof, a recently restored
Gothic castle, and an old chateau of the Counts and Princes Von der
Leyen, now intersected by the railway. The village is mentioned as
early as 871 under the name of Condravia, and on account of the
numerous Roman and Prankish tombs found here is supposed to
have been the Roman harbour of Contrua,
On the opposite bank lie Niederfell (Anker) and Ruhr.
101/2 M. Lehmen (steamb. stat.), with a castellated manor-house.
The river is bordered here with precipitous crags.
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192 Route 25. BRODENBAOH. The Moselle from
R.B. Oberfell. — L.B. (13 M.) Cattenes^ at the mouth of a ravine
containing thirteen mills.
R.B. Aiken (Sonntag), an old place with mediaval honses and
fortifications, now comes suddenly into view. On the hill above it
rise the towers of the old castle of Thurony or Thurant, built by
Count Palatine Heinrich about 1200, and a frequent object of
quarrel between the Counts Palatine and the Electors of Cologne
and Treves. It was besieged by the two Archbishops in 1246-48,
when 600,000 gallons of wine are said to have been consumed by
the assailants. — 16 M. Loef (Stemburg) is the station for —
R.B. Brodenbach (steamb. stat. ; Post, R. IVr^, D. IW^UJf,
very fair), pleasantly situated at the base of lofty wooded hills.
J\xst above Brodenbach is the month of a narrow ravine, which ex-
pands aboat Vs M. from the river and contains a number of mills. Near
the first of these a footpath diverges to the left between two rocks and leads
past a (3 min.) point of view to the (Vz hr.) *Shreiibarg, the finest ruin on
the Moselle, situated on an isolated peak (rfimts.). A vaulted, winding
carriage-way leads to the foot of the two towers, which command a
beautiful panorama (unpleasant stair). — From the Ehrenburg to Boppard^
2V2 hrs. ^ see p. 118.
An overhanging cliff is now passed on the left bank, beyond
which the valley of the Moselle expands.
16 M. Hatienport (steamb. stat.) and Boes {Heidget, R. & B. 2 «if ;
Kranz, both very fair), two long contiguous villages, above which
rises an old church. The railway-station is 3/^ M. above Hatzenport*
About 3Va M. to the W. (diligence from Hatzenport twice daily in 1 hr.)
lies Kiinster-Kaifeld (816 ft. ; Sonne^ Maifelder Hof, both well spoken of), an
ancient town with 1600 inhab., from the 6th cent, onwards the chief place
in the Meginovelt^ or Megingau, which extends hence to the Rhine. The
conspicuous Churchy formerly belonging to an abbey, is the successor of a
basilica of St. Martin, which existed here as early as 633. The front with
its two round towers, resembling a fortress, and a curious elevated chapel
in the interior, perhaps date from the 10th cent, (or the 12th?) ; the choir
and choir-chapels are in the transition-style of 12^^; while the nave, in
the developed Gothic style, was completed at the beginning of the 14th cen-
tury. — Carr. from Miinster-Maifeld to (d M.) Schloss Eltz (see below) and
back 5 Jff diligence to Mayen (p. 207) daily in 3V4 hrs.
R.B. Burgen (steamb. stat.), at the mouth of the Beyhach-Thal.
Opposite rises the massive tower otBischofsiein^ erected in 1270. —
In the Beybach-Thal, 7 M. farther up, is the ruin of Waldeck.
191/2 M. Moselkern (Burg Eltz, very fair ; Balmes'), at the mouth
of the Eltz.
In the narrow, tortuous valley of the Bits, 4 M. above Moselkern, lies
Schloss Eltz, which may also be reached from Mtinster-Maifeld (see above)
via Wierschem in IV4 hr., or from Hatzenport (see above) on foot via Lattwg
in IV4 hr., or from Mtiden (p. 193) in 1 hr. — The road from Moselkern
to Bltz crosses the Eltz several times. Pedestrians pass by the church
or below the railway -arch and ascend the left bank of the Eltz, crossing to
the (25 min.) right bank a little on this side of the second mill (inn). Beyond
the mill they proceed to the left along the garden-fence, cross the mill-
stream by a small bridge, and follow the slope of the hill to the (6 min.)
road. In 2 min. more they again quit the road and follow the footpath
to the left, which leads up and down hill (divergence to the right to be
avoided), finally crossing to the left bank and ascending to the castle.
Refreshments may be procured at the forester^s, below the castle.
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Coblem to Treves, COCHEM. 25. Route, 193
*Schlos8 Eltz, an ancient residence of the Counts of Eltz, is most
picturesquely situated upon a lofty rock, surrounded by wooded hills.
The different parts of the ch&teau date from the 12-16th cent., and have
been to a great extent restored. The rooms are furnished in the styles
of different centuries, and are adorned with family-portraits, armour, and
weapons. In the Bittersaal (knights^ hall) is a visitors^ book, which
contains the autograph of the Prince of Wales (now Edward VII.). Visitors
may enter the court at any time; admission to the interior is obtained
on written application to the Count of Eltz at Eltville (p. 134) a week
beforehand. — Opposite Schloss Eltz are the ruins of Trutzelit^ or Baldeneltz^
erected by Archbishop Baldwin of Treves to command the castle, with the
counts of which he carried on a protracted feud.
2OV2 M. Muden (Hofer), opposite the entrance of the pretty
LiXtzer'Thal,
23Y2 M. Garden (steamb. stat. ; Brautr)^ below which is a cave
in which St. Castor, whose bones now repose at Coblenz (see p. 107),
is said to have dwelt in the 4th century. The present Church, once
part of an abbey, was erected in 1183-1247 on the site of an earlier
one founded by the saint. The interior contains several late- Gothic
sculptures. Of the picturesque late-Gothic Cloisters nothing remains
except one walk. To the N. is the Romanesque Chapter House. To
the E. of the church, near the railway, is the Tithe House, an inter-
esting specimen of a Romanesque secular building of the 12th cent.,
with fine windows; it was restored in 1894. The Burghaus, at the
lower end of the village, is a Renaissance structure of 1562.
A marked path leads from Carden to (iVz M.) Schloss Eltz (see above).
R.B. Tr6is(8teamh. stat. ; Wildburg, well spoken of), with 1600
inhabitants. In the valley behind it are the ruins of the Wilderhhurg
and Schloss Treis. The old church is of the late-Gothic period, the
new church was built in 1830. — From Treis a road leads over the
hill to (41/2 M.) Bruttig (p. 194). In the Flaumbach-Thal is the
ruined convent of Engelport.
24^2 M. Pommem, atthe mouth of the Pommerbach, in the valley
of which are the ruins of the nunjieiy of Rosenthal, founded in 1170.
— 271/2 M. Clotten (Sehl, good wine), with the ruins of a castle and
an interesting old church.
30 M. Cochem. — Hotels. "Union, near the landing-stage, V2 M. from
the station, R. 1 J( 70-2 UT 70, B. 80 pf, D. 21/2, pens. 51/2-6 Jt; Schloss-
HoTjEL, Schloss-Str. (goofi view), R &B. from 2V2, D. IV2-2V2, pens, from
iJ(\ Gbbmania, R. 2-2V«, D. from IV4, pens, from 4 J(^ well spoken
of; Stadt Coblenz. R. IV2-2, B. »/4, D. 1V4-2, pens. 3'/2-4 Jl?; Stadt Koln,
Ravene-S'r., R. IV2-2, B. 1, D.2, pens. 41/2--'^ ^ (with garden-restaurant);
Kaisbk, E. Ss B. fr^^m 2, pens, from 2V2 J( ; H6tel-Restadkant Kemp, near
the pier (pens. 4 J(). — Restaurant on the Knuppchen.
Motor Omnibus between Cocbem and Smhals (p. 194) 4 times daily.
Diligence to (8V2 M.) Eaisersesch (p. 208) twice daily.
Cochem (282 ft ; steamh. stat.), a district-town with 3600 in-
hab., at the entrance of the Ender-Thal, is one of the prettiest
places on the Moselle, especially as seen from the right bank. In
the pleasure-grounds by the river Is a "War Monument. Adjoining
the picturesque Ender-Thor is a timber house of 1625.
The old *Ca8tUy on the hill to the S. (1 M. from the station :
Baedbkeb's Rhine. 15th Edit. 13>OOgle
194 KouU i>5. BEILSTEIN. The MoseUc from
leached from the pier via the ZoUgasBS and Schloss - Str.), de-
stroyed by the French in 1689, was frequently occupied by the
Archbishops of Treves in the 14th and 16th centuries. It was re-
stored in 1868-78 for Here Raventf by the Berlin architect Rasch-
dorff, with the aid of ancient plans and views. The principal tower is
adorned with a huge figure of St. Christopher, in mosaic, by Salviati.
Visitors apply for admission in the restaurant at the entrance
(1 pers. 75 pf., a party 50 pf. each); only a few of the sumptuously
decorated rooms are shown if the proprietor is in residence.
On the right bank, opposite Cochem, lies Cond (good wine at
the Traube) ; fine view from (^2 ^^0 tli© 'Oonder Tempelchen'.
In the Emdbr-Thal, on a hill about 8 M. from Oochem, risee the tower
of the Wintuiburg^ the most ancient seat of the Mettemich family, destroyed
by the French in 1689. The road to Kaiiersesch (p. 308) ascends the Ender-
Thal. A pleasanter route is to ascend viH Cochem Castle to the Lucher
Linde (view), go thence by the Lescher Hof to FoM, and return vi& the
Winneburg.
The train now passes through the Cothtmtt or Ellerer Berg to El-
ler fsee below) by means of the Emperor William Tunnel (2^/3 M. long,
taking 6 min. to traverse), the excavation of which through the
clay-slate occupied 31/2 years (1874-77) and cost about 200,000^.;
it is vaulted throughout.
The Moselle sweeps round the Ellerer Berg in a winding curve of
more than 12 M. in length, which the steamer takes 2Vs hrs. to traverse
in ascending and IVt hr. in descending. The banks here are particularly
picturesque.
At 8eM (left bank), 1 M. above Cochem, a fine retrospect is enjoyed
of Cochem, its castle, and the Winneburg. — L.B. Ehemach^ once a
priory, now a lunatic asylum.
B. B. Valtcig. Picturesque groups of rocks.
L.B. Nieder-Emtt and Oh«r-Em»t. Between them a modem church
with two towers. Above the sharp bend which the river makes here,
about 3 M. above Cochem, lies —
B. B. Bruttig (steamb. stat. ■, Friedrichs, unpretending), a small town
with quaint mediaeval houses.
E. B. Fankely lying somewhat inland. — L. B. Ellent (Dehren, very
fair, pens. 3^3 Jf)-
B.B. Beilstein (steamb. stat.; Lipmann; Burg Metternich) . a quaint
little town nestling at the foot of the rocks, is overlooked by the old
imperial castle of the same name, which afterwards belonged to the
Electors of Treves, and then to the Counts (now Princes) of Metternich-
Winneburg', it was destroyed in 1688.
L.B. Poltersdor/. — E.B. Briedem. — E.B. Mumich (Anker).
E.B. Smheim (steamb. stat. \ Schneiders, very fair), with a high-lying
church. Opposite lies —
L.B. SenhaU (Henricbs, Deis, both very fair); omnibus twice daily to
(4M.) Eller (p. 195). Farther on, Nehren^ and the manor-house of Lehmen^
with its old tower.
L.B. Ediger (steamb. stat.; Friderichs)^ surrounded with old fortifica-
tions, and possessing numerous medieeval buildings and a late-Gothic church.
There are extensive vineyards here. We now reach Eller (p. 196), 4 M.
above Senhals.
33 M. EUer (Friedrichs), with old manor-houses. Above it, on
'see below), while 0
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
the right bank, are the ruins of Stuben (see below), while on the
CoUem to Trlves. ALF. 26. Route. 195
left bank, at the base of the wooded Calmond, in the pretty valley
of the Eller, is the month of the Emperor William Tunnel Qp. 194).
The train crosses the Moselle, passes through a tunnel (370 yds.
long), and skirts the right bank, with a fine retrospect of the vine-
clad slopes of the Calmond. 34 M. Neef, with an old manor-house.
At the centre of the curve which the river describes round the
Petersherg, to the left, are situated the ruins of the monastery of
Stuben, founded in the 12th cent, and suppressed in 1788. Farther
up, on the left bank, Bremm (Hutter, unpretending), with a late-
Gothic church and quaint mediaeval houses, said to be the first place
on the middle Moselle where Tines were planted. Then Aldegund^
with an old church and a handsome modem one.
36V2 M. Bullay ( Marienhury , R. & B. 2 Vi-B, D. 2, pens. 4-6 Jf,
fair ; Vier Thurmey similar charges ; Rail. Restaurant^ very fair), on
the right bank, the station for Alf and the baths of Bertrich
(p. 196) on the opposite bank, and also for Z«W(p. 19S). — Contin-
uation of the railway to Treves, see p. 197. Steamboat journey from
Alf to Treves, see p. 198.
From the Ballay station we may roach the ^Viergeenplatz' (Four Lakes
View) on the KOnig (iron finger-post by the roadside near the station) in
aboat Vz br. Beautiful view of the Marienburg and the Moselle country,
superior to that from the Marienburg itself. Descent in V2 hr. to Merl.
(Interesting walk from Alf or Bullay to the Marienburg, Kaimt, Zell, Merl,
Konig, Bullay: 3 hrs )
The road to the ferry turns to the right at the station of Bullay
and then leads again to the right below the railway to the village
of Bullay and the Alf ferry. — By following the railway a little
farther and crossing the double iron lattice-bridge (of which the
higher level supports the railway, the lower the ordinary roadway),
we reach the foot of the Marienburg ^ which is ascended hence
by a good footpath to the left in 20 min. (path to the right to the
Waldfrieden, see below).
Alf. — Hotel*. Post, B. l^A 2»/4, B. 3/^, D. 2V2, pens. 41/2-6 Uf; Bad
Bebtbich, very fair; Bdrq Abaas, B. A B. 2, D. IVi-i^i Jt ; Sohone Aus-
SIGHT, on the Moselle, unpretending. — Pension Nollen^ 4-5 M ; Pens. Wald-
frieden (see below), R. 2 Jl, B. 60 pf., D. iV2-2V2, pens. 3-5 UT. — Diligence
to Bertrich (p. 196) twice daily in l^A hr., starting from the railway-station
of Bullay (rare 90 pf); also Omnibus .several times a day; diligence to
(131/2 M.) Lntzerath (p. 197) every morning. — Carriage to the Marienburg
and back iJt; to Bertrich, with one horse 6 Jt, two horses 7 Jt.
Alff a Tillage with 1300 inhab., well suited for a stay, lies at
the mouth of the picturesque valley of the Alf^ on the left bank of
the Moselle, opposite Bullay, to which a ferry plies (carriages
cross the bridge mentioned above). — The road from Alf to the
Marienburg (2 M.) ascends behind the Pens. Nollen to the Pension
Waldfrieden (see above; view), passes the view - platform (flue
panorama) on the Prinzenkopf (20 pf.), and then follows the narrow
ridge (fine view on both sides).
The •Marienburg (377 ft. ; Restaurant^ very fair, pens. 41/2 Jf),
yviih the ruins of a castle said to have once existed here , or pf the
196 RquU25,. BERTRICH. Thf Moselle from
nunnery erected on the same spot in 1146 , is one of the finest
points on the Moselle. The view embraces the wooded andTtne-dad
slopes of the Moselle, the smiling yillages on its banks, the
summits of the Hunsriick and the Eifel, and two detached reaches
of the river, resembling lakes.
Pleasant walks may he taken from the Marienburg to Herl (p. 198)
or over the Barl (935 ft.) to Kaimt (p. 199). — As Alf lies at the lower
end of a ciroait of T^/a M. descpibed by the Moselle, steamboat-passengers
on the way up the river nay quit the boat at Alf, ascend to the Marien-
bnrg, and regain the steamer at Piinderich (3/4 hr. in all). The steamer
takes IV2 hr. to ascend from Alf to Piinderich, and passengers need not
quit the Marienbnrg until after the boat comes in sight at Briedel.
A ftne route, but one not easily followed without a guide- descends
from the Marienburg to the Valley 0/ the Alf and Bertrioh (*/i hr. ; see
below). From the 'Schone Aussichf on this route a path leads to the
chapel on the Better Halt (view), whence we may descend to Piinderich
Station (p. 197).
From Alp to Bbrtbich, 5V2 M. The road at first ascends the
romantic Valley of the Alf, between the SoUig and the Prinxenkopf,
and then, at (IV2 M.) the 'Fabrik Alf (now a rope-walk"), ascends
the valley of the Uesbach, At the top of the hill lie the ruins of
Burg Arras y said to have been built by Abp. Robert of Trfeves in 938
for a charcoal-burner and his two sons, who had distinguished them*
selves by their courage in the destruction of a band of Hungarians.
Bertrich. — Hotels. *Pitz, connected with the Gurhaus, B. 2-4, B. 1,
D. 3, pens, without S. 5-71/2 jM; *Adlbr, R. 2-2V2» D. 2V4, pens, from
5 j$; •Dkbi Beichskronen, R. IVs-S, D. 21/4, pens. 5-7 j$; Kdbfdrst,
B. IV4-3 Jl, B. 80 pf., D. 21/4, pens. 6-6 Ul, well spoken of; Dhein, R. 11/2-2,
D. 2, pens. 5-6 Ul; Teadbe, B. iV4-2, pens. 4-5 J#; Villa Mbduna, R. 10-
40 Jf weekly, B. i jM; Bomebbad, pens. 41/2-5 Jt; ViLhA Dillbnbubg,
pens. 41/2-6 Jf; Hads Abndt, pens. 51/2-71/2 Jt ; Marienhohe, I1/4 M.
from the village, pens, from 4 Jm. — Bestanrcmt Schtoeizerhatu.
Oarriage to Alf and Bullay 5, with two horses 6 Uf. tbere and bade
6 and 8 Ul; two-horse carr. to Pulverroaar 12, to Manderscheid and back 24,
Daun and Belvedere near Manderscheid 22, Daun and back 24-25 Jf.
Visitors' Tax, 1 pers. 9, a family 18 Jf.
Bertrich (540 ft.), a small watering-place with 400 inhab.,
delightfully situated in a secluded valley, and visited annually by
2000 patients , may be described as a Irind of modified Carlsbad,
the waters of which are specially efficacious in gout, rheumatism,
and nervous, liver, and intestinal complaints. The warm springs
(90° Fahr.) contain Glauber's salts. Pleasant walks have been laid
out in all directions. On the Romerkestel, an eminence where the
Roman relics now in the garden of the bath -establishment were
found, is a small Protestant chapel.
The road to Lutzerath through the valley of the Ues crosses that
stream about V2 ^- ^o^ ^^^ Gnr-Garten. To the left, beyond the
bridge, is the Elfen-Muhle (restaurant). Ascending to the left before
reachingj^the mill,|and after 90 paces following the Ix^wer path to
the right , we reach the "'E&skeller ('cheese-cellar*), a grotto com-
posed of basaltic columns, each formed of 8 or 9 spheroids, resembling
Dutch cheeses. Near it is a WaterfaU, 16 ft. in height (often dry
Digitized by VjOOQ
y Google
y Google
Cohlenz to Treves. PUNDERICH. 26. Route. 197
in summer), crossed by a graceful bridge. A basaltic stream of lava
is visible in several places in the bed of the Uesbach.
Pleasant walks may be taken from the Kaskeller to the (1 hr.) Enters-
bur ff; to the (iVs hr.) B6delheck (1585 ft.; refreshments at the adjacent
forester^s), which commands an extensive panorama, and thence to the
(i/t hr.) Reinhardsltut , on the path leading from the Rodelheck to the
month of the Uesbach (see p. 196); to (3^/4 H.) PUnderich (see below); and
to (3 M.) &[>rinffir^ach (see below).
If we n)llow the road to Lutzerath 800 yds. beyond the Elfen-Muhle, as
far as the kilometre-stone 9.3, diverge here to the right by the old road,
ascend to (20 min.) the second cross-road, and follow the footpath to the
left past the Maischquelle^ we reach (in 1/4 br. more) the Falkenlei
(1365 ft.) , a semi-conical hill , the S. side of which is a precipice 170 ft.
in height, exhibiting the geological formation of the interior. At the
bottom lie solid masses of lava ; at the top scoriee and slag. Numerous
caves and clefts have been formed in the rock, in which the temperature
seldom exceeds 48** Fahr. The rocks are thickly covered with yellowish
red moss and lichens. The summit (shelter-hut) aflfords an extensive view
of the volcanic peaks of the Bifel ; the highest are the Hohe Acht (p. 102),
the KiLrburg (p. 102), with a tower on its summit, and the Hohe Kelberg
(2130 ft.) ; to the K. W. the prospect is circumscribed by the long isolated
ridge of the Mosenberg (p. 209), a little to the left of which rises the
Verother Kopf with its ruin (p. 205). A very steep path descends to the
highroad on the side of the hill opposite to that by which we ascended.
As the starting-point for a Visit to the Eifel (p. 202), Bertrich is
better adapted for drivers (carr., p. 196) than for walkers, as the first
part of the route is rather featureless. From the Elfen-Miihle the road
ascends to the left to (2^/2 M.) Hontheim, and then follows the ridge to the
right to (3 M.) SirotzhUtch. From Strotsbiisch we may follow the road for
about 2 M. more and then proceed to the left via the ROmersberg to the
(V» M.) Pulvermaar (p. 209). — Walkers may deacend to the N. from the
Falkenlei to Kenn/us and follow the highroad thence to (88/4 M.) Lutzerath
^Maas, very fair), which is about 4V2 M. from the Pulvermaar.
Railway fbom Bull ay to Treves. Beyond BuUay tbe train
crosses tbe Moselle by the double bridge mentioned at p. 196, and
penetrates the Prinzenkopf(^p. 195) by a curved tunnel, 480 yds.
in length, which emerges upon the river above Punderich (p. 199).
The railway is next carried along the hill by an imposing viaduct
with 92 arches, each 24 ft. wide. — 38Y2M. Pfinderlch, the station
for the village on the right bank, 1 V4M. farther down (p. 199 ; ferry).
From Pukdekich to Trabbn, 7M., branch-railway in Vshr. (fares 70,
45 pf.). 1 M. Reil (p. 199); 2 M. Bura (p. 199); 4»/4 M. Bnkireh (p. 199);
7 M. Traben-Trarhtush (p. 199).
Beyond Punderich the train quits the river, and enters the
Alfthal by means of another tunnel (530 yds,) through the Reilet
Hals, (The valley of the Moselle is regained at Schweich, p. 198.)
To the right in the Alfthal, half concealed by the trees, is seen
the church of the old canonry of Springirsbach^ founded in 1107,
but rebuilt in the Italian style of the 18th century. Adjacent is
Nlcolay's Inn (pens. 3*/2 •^)- To the N. is the beautiful Kondel-
wcUd, traversed by a path along the Signal to Bertrich (p. 196).
Tbe line ascends the Alfthal, past (42 M.) Bengel and Kinderbeuren
(Wirz), and beyond a tunnel 635 yds. In length reaches —
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
198 Route 25. ZELL. The Moselle from
44 M. Uerzig (Bahnhof-Hotel), 2 M. from the village of that name
on the Moselle (p. 200), to which an omnibus runs twice daily.
The train now descends into the valley of the Lieser.
From (471/2 M.) Wengerohr a branch-line (2^2 M., in 10 min.)
runs toWittUch ^Well, R. I3/4, B. 3/^, D. 2, pens. 41/2-6 UT;
^Traube, R. lV2-2> B. 8/4-!, D.l 1/4-2, pens. 4-6uir,- Losen, similar
prices), a district-town with 4100 inhab., prettily situated on the
Lieser. Pleasant walks may be taken to the Pleiner Muhle^ Kunowaldy
Affenberg (20 min. ; Restaurant Philippsburg), etc. — Diligence to
Manderscheid, see p. 210; to Himmerod &n6.Eisenschmittj see p. 212.
Fbom Wengekohr to Berncastbl, 10 M., local railway in */4-l hr.
The train descends the vine - clad valley of the Lieser. 2 M. Flatten \
5 M. Siebehbom, the station for Noviand; b^/t M. Muring. Near C^ M.)
Ueser it reaches the Moselle, opposite MUMheim (p. %)i). 9V2 M. Cues
(p. 201), opposite (10 M.) Bemcastel (p. 200).
The Lieser is crossed. To the right lie the hamlet of Biirscheid
and the village of Altrichj to the left the Haardter Hofe. Beyond
the watershed between the Lieser and the 8alm we reach —
52 M. Salmrohr, II/2M. from which is the pilgrimage - resort
Eberards- Clausen^ an old abbey with an interesting church (carved
altar of the second half of the 15th cent.). — 57 M. Hetzerath
(630 ft. ; Paltzer).
59 M. Fohren. — 62 M. Sehweich (steamb. stat.; Denhart),
1 M. from the station, on the Moselle. The train then passes through
the tunnel of Jssel, 850 yds. in length. — 64 M. Quint^ with an
iron-work (p. 202). — 65 M. Ehrang (Umbach), a station on the
Eifel railway (p. 207), is also connected with Treves by a branch -
line (5 M.) passing Biewer and PaUien (p. 188). The Moselle railway
crosses the river beyond Ffcdzel, and reaches —
69 M. Treves, see p. 182.
The Moselle from Alf to Treves.
The distance from Alf to Treves by the river is about 62 M.
The first place passed by the steamboat after leaving Alf Is Merl
(Croff, well spoken of), on the right bank, 2 M. above Bullay (p. 195).
At the lower end of the village rise the ^Eisthurm*, belonging to
the former fortifications, and the Severinsthurm, a clock-tower of
the destroyed church of that name. — R.B. (l^/i'M. farther on)
Corray^ a suburb of —
Zell (steamb. stat.). — Hotels. Fiek, with terrace, R. IV2-2V2, B. 1,
D. 21/2, pens. 4-6 Of, very fair; Kaiseehof, R. 2-2V2, B. »/4, D. from l«/4,
pens, from 4 J(, with garden on the river, well spoken of. — Omnibus
to Bnllay, 50 pf. ^ diligence to Piinderich.
ZcW, a district-town with 2700 inhab., surrounded by remains
of old walls, presents an attractive picture and invites to a prolonged
stay. The interesting old Electoral Chdteau was builtin 1543. Hand-
some new Town Hall, Fine view from the HochcolUs (E.) and from
the Bummkopf. — Opposite (ferry) lies —
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
CohUnz to Tt^ves. TRARBACH. 25. Route. 199
L.B. Kaimt^ whence a pictnresqae path leads along the base
of the Barl to (1 hr.) the Marienhurg (p. 196).
R.B. Briedel (Schneider), commanding a good view of the S.
and W. sides of the Marienbnrg.
R.B. Punderich (i9ih stat., see p. 197; Kallfelz, unpretending),
a pictnresqnely-situated village. Opposite the steamhoat-pier is
the path mentioned at p. 196, which ascends to the Marienbnrg in
Yi hr. Farther on, high np on the left bank, are the mouth of the
Prinzenkopf Tunnel (^p. 197) and the viaduct of the railway, which
then enters the Alfthal (p. 195) by the Reiler Tunnel.
R.B. Reilkirch, IV4M. above Punderich, is the churchyard of
the village of Rett (railway, see p. 197 ; Nahlbach-Munich), which
lies a little higher up on the opposite bank. Beyond Reil the left
bank is very steep.
R.B. Burg. — R.B. Enkirch (Anker, R. 1 1/2-^, D. 1 V2 .^, B. 60 pf . ;
Steflfensberg, both fair), a large village , named Ankaracha in the
earliest documents. Good wine is raised on the Stephansberg.
L.B. Kovenich , a small group of houses , built chiefly with
the ruins of Montroyal (see below). — L.B. Litzig,
On the top of the lofty rocks to the left (R.B.) lies Starkenburg,
with the ruins of a castle, in which, about the middle of the 14th
cent., the Countess Laurette von Starkenburg detained Archbishop
Baldwin of Treves in captivity for an attempted infringement of
her rights, until he paid a large ransom for his liberation. To the
right rises the Trabener Berg (892 ft.), on the flat top of which are
traces of the fortress of Montroyal, constructed by Louis XIV. in
1686, but demolished in 1697 in pursuance of the Treaty of
Ryswyck. The hill commands a beautiful view. — At the apex
of the curve which the river makes round this hill lie —
L.B. Traben (rail, station, see p. 197) and (R.B.) Trarbach.
Hotels (generally well spoken of). At Traben: Eaisbrhof, at the
^ailway-^tation, B. & B. from 21/2, D- 2-2V2, pens, from 41/2 Ul» Gekmania,
plainer. — At Trarbach: Adolf, with veranda on the Moflelle, B. & B. 2V4,
D. 2, 8. IV4, pena. 4V2-6V2 Ul; Bbllevdk, B. A B. 2V4, D. 2, S. !»/<, pens.
i-iyiJK; Marx, on the road to the Wildbad, new. — Bestaurant. BHlcken-
schenke, on the right bank, a quaint establishment, with view-terrace
^ood wine). — Casino, at Trarbach, good wine (introduction required).
Trahen and Trarbach^ each with about 2500 inhab. , most of
whom are Protestants (comp. p. 191), are connected by a bridge
(toll 5 pf.) built in 1899. Both have a large trade in wine, and the
number of new buildings bears witness to their prosperity. Nearly
all the old houses in Trarbach were destroyed by a fire in 1857. —
On the hill above Trarbah (reached in 20 min.) is the ruin of the
Orafinburg^ built, according to the legend, by Countess Laurette
von Starkenburg with the ransom of Archbishop Baldwin (see above;.
At Trarbach opens the Kautenbach-Thal, a valley enclosed by wooded
and rocky slopes, in which is the small but well -equipped Wildbad
Trarbach (pens. 5-i6V2 Ul, with restaurant), with thermal baths prescribed
in cases of gout. About IV2 M. farther up is the older Bad Wildstein
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
200 Route 25. BERNCASTEL. The MoseUe from
(Eass^s Inn, E. from 2, B. 3/4, I>. 2, pens, from 5 Ul), supplied from the
same springs. Omnibus to Traben station. — We may follow tbe valley
to the village of Longkamp and descend through the Tiefenhach-Thal (p. 201)
to Berncastel (in all 31/2 hrs.)) or we may cross the hill from Trarbach to
Berncastel direct (3 M.). Carriage from Trarbach through the two valleys
to Berncastel 12 M.
At Trarbach begins the district of the 'Upper Moselle', which
produces the *ZeltlngerSchlo8sberg', 'Berncastel er Doctor', *Braune-
berger', and other highly-prized varieties of Moselle wine.
L.B. Rissbach. — R.B. Wolf. The ruins on the hill are those
of a monastery.
L.B. Crdff (Zur Ordfinburg, unpretending) possesses an inter-
esting half-timbered house with two oriel-windows.
L.B. Kihheim (Echtemacher Hof).
R.B. Kindel, — R.B. Losenich, — R.B. Erden^ noted for its
wine.
On the left bank, below Uerzig, is a tower built into the red
sandstone rock , formerly a castle , afterwards a hermitage, known
as the Michaels-Lei or Nicolaus-Lei,
R.B. Uerzig (*Fo8tJy a place of some importance, which once
possessed an independent jurisdiction. It is 2 M. from the station
mentioned at p. 198, the road to which first ascends somewhat
steeply and then descends (diligence in V2 hr. ; omnibus 50 pf.).
R.B. Rachtig. — L.B. Machern, once a nunnery.
R.B. Zeltingen (Post; M. 8troh ; Neyses)^ celebrated for its wine.
The whole of the slopes from Rachtig to Berncastel are covered with
vineyards, the best those on the Schlossberg.
L.B. Wehlen. — R.B. Oraach (Velten). Adjacent to the church
is a former convent. The Martinshof, or Josephshof, a little lower
down, the Himmelreieh, and the KirchUi all produce esteemed
varieties of wine.
R.B. Berncastel. — Hotels. *Dbbi Koniob, well situated on the
left bank, near the Cues Hospital (p. 201), new, B. &B. 2V2-4, D. 2V2,
S. IV2, pens, b-1 M; Post, B. A B. IV2-2, pens. 41/2-5 M-y BdiascHBR Kaiser,
R. IV2-2, B. 60 pf., pens. 3V2-5 Ji. — Burg Landthut, restaurant with wine
and beer; Motella^ wine-room at the Cues station.
Berncastel (360 ft.), a prosperous town with 2300 inhab., carries
on a large trade in wine and offers one of the most attractive pictures
on the Moselle. The quaint old town is for the most part crowded into
a narrow slde-valley. In the market-place are tbe RathhauSy con-
taining three ancient drinking-cups, and the old Pillory. At the
upper end of the town, on the river, are the new District Offices.
A sunny path ascends to (20 min.) the ruined electoral castle of
Landshutj now the property of Emp. William, which commands a
beautiful view of the Moselle and of the picturesque valley of the
Tiefenbach (key of the tower at the hotels ; 20 pf.). Several other
points of view have recently been made accessible by promenades.
The wines known as 'Bernoasteler Doctor' and *Badstub' are much
prized.
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CohUnz to Treves. NEUMAGEN. 25. Route. 201
The Tiefenbach-Thal, through which runs the road to the Hnnsriick,
vies with the valley of the Ahr (p. 97) in the grandeur of its rock-form-
ations. There is a waterfall near a chapel, 1 M. from Berncastel; and
from this point we may proceed to the right, through a lateral valley, to
(V4 hr.) Monzdfeld (view) and (1 hr.) Veldeiu (see below). — From Bern-
castel to Trarbach over the hill the distance is 3 M.
A LooAL Steameb plies on Mon., Wed., Thnrs., &, Sat. between Bem-
castel and Treves, leaving the former in the morning, the latter in the
afternoon (fare 3 or IV2 Ul)* — A railway along the right bank is projected.
Beincastel is connected by an iron bridge with —
L.B. Cues, tbe birthplace of the learned Cardinal Nicolans
Cusanns (d. 1464), who founded a hospital here and bequeathed
to it his library, containing some valuable MSS., a number of
Codices, and rare old impressions. The hospital owns several of
the vineyards in the neighbourhood. New Protestant church. Cues
is the terminus of the branch-railway mentioned at p. 198.
R.B. AndeL — L.B. Lieier (Mehn ; Baum), a well-built village
at the mouth of the brook of that name.
R.B. Muhlheim (Fischer, very fair, R. & B. 2, D. IV2, pens.
3^2 •^)> * village of some importance, at the entrance to the
picturesque Veldenz Valley, with Burg Veldenz and the villages of
Veldem (Bottler) and Thai Veldenz.
R.B. Dusemond. — R.B. Neu-Filzen, — R.B. Filzen.
L.B. TheBrauneberg, famous for its wine (p. xxiii). At the
upper end of the Brauneberg, on the hill, lies Monzely below which,
on a small headland, is Kesten (Licht, plain but very fair; footpath
in IVi^r* *o Plsport, see below). The hills of Ohligsberg and Neu-
bergy on the other bank, also produce excellent wine.
R.B. Winterichy beyond which the rocky slopes of the Oeierslei
approach close to the river.
L.B. Minheim^ at the apex of a sharp curve in the river.
R.B. Reinsport (Fuchs). A little inland lies Niederemmel,
destined to be a station on the new railway. — R.B. Miistert.
L.B. Pisporty the ancient Pingontius Portus, has been for cen-
turies famous for its wine. Hence vi^ Clausen to the rail. stat. of
Salmrohr (p. 198), 51/2 M.
L.B. FerreSy the Boveriis of ancient charters, ^/4 M. above
Pisport.
A little higher up , the Thron., a rapid stream abounding in fish,
flows into the Moselle on the left. The village of Thron or Dhron (Feilen),
in its narrow valley, is noted for its wine CHofberger').
R.B. Neumagen (Neumagener Hof; Hoffmann) , the Roman No-
viomaguSy where Constantine had a palace, mentioned by Ausonius.
Extensive excavations made in 1877-86 near the church (a build-
ing of 1190) showed that a large and strong fortress was after-
wards constructed on the site of the palace as a protection against
the aggression of the Germanic tribes. Many Roman tombstones (now
at Treves, p. 186) were used in the foundations.
L.B. Trittenheiniy with a handsome church, the birthplace of
Johann Trithemius , the historian (d. 1616).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
202 Route 26. VOLCANTO EIPEL.
R.B. Leiwcn, — R.B. Kowerich. — L.B. Cliisserath (i'raut),
at the month of the Salm, 4^2 M. from Hetzerath (p. 198).
R.B. Thomich, — R.B. Detzem ('ad decimnm', i.e. the tenth
Roman milestone from Treves). Opposite, —
L.B. ErMch, — L.B. Schleich. — L.B. Pblich, where remains of
a Roman villa have been excavated. — L.B. Mehring. an old place.
-— L.B. L6r8ch, — L.B. Longen,
A little inland on the right bank, between the last-named two
villages, on the side of the hill , lies Riol , the Rigodulum of
Tacitns , where the Roman general Oerealis conqnered the rebel-
lions Treveri, and took their leader Valentinus prisoner, A.D. 70.
R.B. Longwich (Sonntag), prettily situated. — R.B. Kirsch^
nearly opposite Schweich (p. 198).
L.B. Between lasel and Ehrang (p. 198) is the iron-foundry of
Quint ('ad qnintnm', i.e, 5 Roman miles from Treves).
R.B. Ruwer (Longen); in the valley of the brook of that name,
through which ascends the railway from Treves to Hermeskeil(S3 M.,
in 21/2 ^rs.; Hot. Wagner; Post), lie Oriinhaus and Casel^ both
famed for their wine.
L.B. Pfalzel (Palatiolum), where Adela, daughter of King
Dagobert I., founded a nunnery in 655.
Treves, see p. 182.
26. The Volcanic Eifel.
The Eifel is a bleak mountainous district situated between the Moselle,
the Rhine, and the Boer, about 45 M. in length, and 25 M. in breadth. The
E. part is called the ffohe Eifel ^ near Adenau and Kelberg, and com-
prises the Hohe Acht (2410 ft.; p. 102), the Niirburg (2180 ft.-, p. 102), the
Aremberg (p. 102), and the Erensberg (2265 ft.; p. 205); the W. part is the
Schnei/el (i.e. Schnee-Eifel), in the neighbourhood of Priim (p. 205); and
the S. part is the Vorder - Eifel ^ or Volcanic Eifel ^ extending as far as
the Rhine (Laacher See, p. 104), and embracing Gerolstein, Daun, Mander-
scheid (p. 210), and Bertrich (p. 198). The Vorder-Eifel is very pic-
turesque at places, and is also very interesting in a geological point of
view owing to the numerous traces it bears of former volcanic action, .
such as the streams of lava, slag-hills, 'Maare\ or extinct craters filled with
water, etc. Gomp. Dronke-BUppert's ^Die EifeV (Cologne, 1900; 2 M) and
Dr. von Dechen't '• Qeognostischer Filhrer dureh die VorderdfeV (2nd cd., 1886;
8 Ul). A pleasant account of the district is afforded by 'In the Volcanic
Eifer, by Katharine and Gilbert Macquoid (illus. ; 1896).
a. Bail way from Cologne to Treves.
112 M. Railway in 5V4 hrs. (fares 14 Uff 40, 10 Ul 80, 7 Uff 20 pf.).
Cologne , see p. 26. As far as (6^/2 M.) Kalscheuren the line
follows the direction of the Left Rhenish Railway (R. 10); it then
turns to the right, and intersects the Vorgebirge (p. 80). 10 M.
Kierherg; IS^/^ M. Liblar, junction for light railways to Euskirchen
(p. 203) and Horrem (p. 15); I77.2M. Weilerswist, the station for
Vernich: 21 M. Derkum,
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Digitized'by VjOO^IC
MCNSTEREIFEL. 26, Route, 203
241/2 M. Euskirchen (^600 ft.; Rheinischer Hof, R. & B. 3-4,
D. 21/2 '^f Traube), a town of 10,200 Inhab., with cloth-factories,
lies on the Erft. It is the junction of the Cologne line with branches
to Duien and Bonn.
Fbom Edskibohbn to Dubsm, ISVsH., railway in V4-I hr. (fares 2 Jf 10,
1 Jt 60, 1 Jt 10 pf.). — 6 M. ZiUpich (Kdlner ffof, R. & B. 21/4-272 Jf), an ancient
town (2100 inhab.), the Roman Tolbiacum^ where in 496 the Alemanni were
defeated by the Franks, in consequence of which victory Olovis became
a convert to Christianity. The handsome Romanesqne church of 8t. Peter
dates from the iith and i2th centuries. — I8V2 M. DUren (see p. 14).
Fbom Edskirohbn to Bonn, 21 M., railway in IV4 hr. (fares 2 .J 80,
2 Ui( 10, 1 UIT 40 pf.). — The line crosses the Erft. 2 H. Cuehenheim; 4^/2 M.
Odendorf. About 2M. to the S.E. of (TVs M.) iJAetn&acA (Wald-H6tel ; Kauth,
R. I-IV4 Jf) rises the Tombergf, with a ruined castle, the round tower ot
which dates from the 18th or 14th cent. (view). — lO'/t M. Meokenheim
(Dol/j Eichen, both well spoken of), a village with 2000 inhab., once forti-
lied. — 21 M. Bonn^ see p. 84.
Fbom Euskibchen to Munstbbbifel, 8V2 M., railway in 'A hr. (fares
90, 60, 30 pf.). — Mtlnstereifel (918 ft.; SiHdn-and, R. & B. 2V4-2V4, D. I3/4,
S. iy4, pens. SVa-B Jf; Post, both very fair), a small town (2700 inhab.)
prettily situated on the Erft, has a late-Romanesque church of the 12th
cent., with an older crypt and a good monument of the 14th century. The
old walls and gates of the town arepicturesque. — About 6 M. to the S.E.
of Hunstereifel (beyond Rodert) rises the basaltic MicheUberg (1880 ft.),
with a pilgrimage- chapel and fine view.
To the right rises the picturesque old castle of Veynau, 29^/2 M.
Satzvey; 33 M, Mechernich (985 ft. ; Schwarz), to the left of which
are extensive lead-mines and foundries, with tall chimneys, one
440 ft. high. Beyond a tunnel, the line steadily ascends.
391/2 M. Call (1245 ft. J Nessgen; Reinhard), a village with
forges.
Fbom Call to Hellbnthal, 10V« M., railway in 1 hr. — 81/2 M. GemUnd
(Bergemann; Breuer), at the junction of the Urft and Olef, the waters
of which are to be collected in a reservoir about i H. higher up, in con-
nection with a new power-station. — 5V« M. Olef. — 71/2 M. Schleiden
(KOlner Hof ^ unpretending), with 500 inhab., two ancient churches, and
a modem ch&teau. — 10 M. Blumentfial (Metz), a little above which rise the
imposing ruins of the castle ot Reiffertcheid ^ mentioned as early as 975, the
ancestral seat of the Princes and Counts of Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck. —
lOVs M. Hellenthal (Schinck), picturesquely situated on the Olef.
42 M. TJrft (Schneider). The old Premonstratensian abbey of
Stein feld^ founded in the 10th cent, and now a reformatory, lies
1 M. to the S.W. (not visible) ; the church is large and well-pre-
served. — 45 M. Nettersheim (1480 ft.), on the Urft.
491/2 M. Blankenheim (1640 ft.), which lies 21/2 M. from the
station (diligence thrice daily; EifelerHof), is situated In a narrow
valley to the E., with the picturesque ruins of the ancestral castle
of the knights of Blankenheim, built in the 12th century. The
remains of a large Roman villa were discovered here in 1894. The
Ahr (p. 97) rises at Blankenheim, where its sources are enclosed
by a wall.
The line continues to ascend, until at (52 M.) Sehmidtheim
(1825 ft.) , with an old ch&tean of Count Beyssel, it crosses the
watershed between the Urft and the beautiful * Valley of the Kyll,
jOOgle
204 Routers. GEROLSTEIN. Eifel. "
which it enters at (571/2 M.) Jiinkeraih (1420ft. ; Ereisoh; Brink-
mann), the station for Stadtkyll (Post), 3 M. to the W. Junkerath,
which possesses a large foundry and an extensive rninedcastle, prob-
ably occupies the site of the Roman station leorigium. -^ 60 M.
Lissendorf (1360 ft.). The train descends, passing between this point
and Treves over 44 bridges and viaducts, and through 10 tunnels.
63 M. HiUesheim (1290 ft. ; Kloep, Fastn, both very fair), &
small town with 1200 inhab., 2 M. to the E. of the stetion. The
(1 M.) KylLer Hohe commands a beautiful view.
The Casselburg (see below) may be ascended from HiUesheim station in
11/4 hr. We descend the valley of the Kyll to (20 min.) NiederhetUngen
and (1/2 hr.) Betoingen. We then take the footpath to the left, beyond
the signal-man's hut, and ascend to (V^ br.) the top.
Fbom Hillbshbih to Adenad by road, 17 Vs U. The best plan is to
leave the road at (3 M.) Kerpen^ with a ruined castle, and proceed to
(iVs M.) Niederehe (Schmitz), with an old convent-church containing in-
teresting monuments. Thence by a footpath, along the stream , to the
Nohmr Muhle^ the ruin and waterfall of Dreimilhlen , and AhUtte (Fasen).
From Ahiitte we follow the valley of the Ahbach to (V2 hr.) the pictur-
esque ruin of Neu-Blankenheim. Hence we ascend by a path to the right
(E.) to the (Vs hr.) Kohn road, follow this to Kirmudscheid^ and either
take the road to the right via Wir/t and Bonnerath or proceed viS Bar-
toeiUr (Servatius), Wiesenscheid , and Niirhurg to Adenau (p. 10 2) 4 or we
may go vi& Antweiler and Aremberg to DUmpelfeld (p. 102).
The most interesting part of the line begins below HiUesheim.
The valley, which is fertile and well-cultivated, is enclosed by pre-
cipitous and partly -wooded limestone rocks of most picturesque
forms. To the right of the village of Pelm (*Bahnhof-H6tel; Britz;
station on the Andernach railway, 1 V4 M. to the N. E. of Gerolstein ;
see p. 208), famed for its *Gerolsteiner Schlossbrunnen' waters, rises
a wooded hill (1560 ft.) crowned with the ruined Casselburg (ascent
by the road from the Kyll bridge in 20-26 min., from the Hillesheim
rail, station in 1^4 hr.), once the ancestral castle of the knights of
Oastelberg. The main tower, 164 ft. high, commands a splendid
view of the Kyllthal and the Eifel. The key is kept at the forester's
opposite (rfmts.).
The Papenkaul (p. 205) may be reached from the forester's house in
40 min.-, near it is a stalactite cavern, known as the BuohetUoch^ in which
some colossal fossilised bones were lately found. From the Papenkaul we
descend to Gerolstein in V4 hr., passing the lime-tree mentioned below.
The valley of Oees, to the S.E. of Pelm, abounds in fossils.
69 M. Oerolgtein. — Hotels (V2 M. from the station); *Post, with
veranda, restaurant, and garden; Heck, R. A B. 2-2V2, B. IVz-l'A Jt^ very
fair; Geholstein, R. 1V2*2V2, D. IV2 Uff, unpretending.
Railway Station (restaurant) on the opposite bank of the Kyll.
Gerolstein (1230 ft.), with 1300 inhab., one of the most pictur-
esque places in the Eifel, is situated on the side of a rocky hill, and
commanded by a ruined castle, built by Gerhard von Blankenheim
in 1115, and afterwards in the possession of the Counts of Mander-
scheid. The Castle^ reached from the station in i/4 hr., past the
church, and then to the left, affords a fine view of the Kyllthal
and the lava-formations on the opposite side. The best view of
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
mfeL PRUM. 26*. Route. 205
Gerolstein itself is obtained from the Linden-Strasse, a few hundred
paces beyond a large and -venerable lime-tree, on the footpath to the
Munter Ley,, reached in 5 min. from the Kyll bridge by crossing
the railway. The view from the (20 min.) flag-staff, higher up, is
more extensive but less picturesque. Still farther up is the Papen^
haul (1825 ft.), a small extinct crater, firom which a narrow stream
of lava descends by a grassy valley on the N. side into the Kyllthal
(from the Papenkaul to the Casselburg 1/2 ^' ? ^^^ way-marks).
The entire neighbourhood of Gerolstein is very interesting in a geo-
logical point of view. Besides the volcanic formations, aqueous lime-
stone, containing innumerable fossil shells , also occurs. The best
known of the numerous ihineral springs are the Florabrunnen , the
Sprudel, and the Hansabrunnen, the water of which is freely ex-
ported. — The volcanic Dietzenley (1905 ft.), 3 M. to the S., near
Biischeich, commands an extensive view. — Railway from Gerolstein
to Daun and Andemach, see p. 208.
Fbom Gbbolstetn to St. Vith, 36»/a M., by the 'Hohe -Venn - Bahn",
railway in 2^/4 hrs. The chief intermediate station is (15 M.) Priim (1400 ft. ;
Ooldener Stern^ R. IV2, pens. 4Vs-5 UIT; Kaiserhof, pens. 3 JT)^ situated on the
brook of that name, at the S. end of the Schneifel (p. 20S), anciently the seat
of a Benedictine abbey founded by the Merovingians in 7^, and once in the
enjoyment of political independence, but suppressed by the French in 1801.
Pop. 2900. The church, containing; the tomb of Lothaire I. (d. 855), dates
from the 16th century. About 5 M. to the N. are the picturesque ruins of
Sehifnecken. — 27 M Bleialf. — 361/* M. St. Vith. an old town with 2000 in-
hab., is the junction of lines to Malmedy and Aix-la-Chapelle (aee p. 13)
and of a military railway to Vyiingeu (Luxembourg).
Walkers should choose the Old Boad fbom Qebolstbin to Daun
(10 M.), which diverges to the rigtht from the new road at the upper end
of Pehn (p. 204). It ascends rapidly and soon reaches its highest point at
(3 H.) Kirehweiler (Schlcemer), whence the Ereiuberg (2263 ft.) to the K. and
%\i& Scharteberg (2230 ft.) to the 8., the latter even more distinctly recognis-
able than the former as an extinct volcano, may be ascended. The cir-
cular crater is surrounded with blistered maases of slag. About 100 ft.
helow the summit begin the lava - streams which descend towards the K.
8., and E. The last of these, although almost everywhere covered with
'rapilli' (or *lapilli', small round nodules of lava) and volcanic sand, is
traceable by the occasional protrusion of the rock through its superficial
covering, and may be examined in the quarries worked in it in the di-
rection of Steinbom, where a transverse section of two streams lying one
above the other is exposed to view. The lowest stratum consists of
porous and but slightly cleft basaltic lava 5 above it lies slag, 3-4 ft. in
thickness; next comes a layer of rapiUi and volcnnic sand; and finally,
next the surface, basaltic liva again. A little farther to the 8. is the
yerotJier Kopf (2120 ft.) , a hill of slag crowned with a ruined castle and
containing a picturesque grotto. — Beyond Kirehweiler the hilly road to
Daun next passes SteinborUy where there is a mineral 'spring (to the left
the FeUberg, to the right the Rimmerich^ two craters with lava -streams),
and Ifeunkirclien.
To the right, beyond Gerolstein , are the castle -like rock of
Auburg and the steep crags of (the Afunter Ley {(seejabove). At
Lifsingen are two castles, adjoining each other and still occupied. —
74 M. Birresbom (1205 ft.; Krone), a village of 1000 Inhab. on the
right bank of the Kyll, connected by a stone bridge with the railway
station on the left bank. About 1 V4 M. above the village is situated
Digitized by VjOOQ
206 Route 20. KYLLBUUG. Eifel.
the Mineral Spring of Birresbom, the strongest and best-known of
the chalybeate springs of the Eifel.
761/2 M. MurUnbach (1050 ft. ; Krumpen), a viUage (1000 inhab.)
with the rains of a castle founded by the Merovingians and rebuilt
in the 17th century. — 78 M. Denabom (1216 ft), with two ruined
castles. The limestone-rocks are now succeeded by variegated sand-
stone. The line traverses a pleasant wooded tract, and passes the
villages of Zendscheid and UUch and the suppressed Cistercian nun-
nery of 8t, Thomas, built in 1185. The line church was erected in
the transition style about 1225. The train passes through a tunnel.
84 V2 M. Kyllburg. — Hotels. *Eifelee Hof, 8 mln. from station,
with veranda, K. 2-8, B. »/<» !>• 2, pens. 4V«-6V« "^t* Stem, R. l-ii/j, B. V*^
D. IV2-2. pens. 4-4V« J({ Post, R. IV2 Jt, B. 60 pf. \ QfiaoNUE. — Eiftl-Bad
(on the Kneipp system), pens. 40-50 JH weakly.
KyWfurg (895 ft.), another very picturesque place, with 1100
inhab., lies on an eminence partly enclosed by the Kyll. From the
station we follow the road as far as the Kyll bridge and then, at
the tunnel, the steep main street to the Stem Inn. Hence we may
ascend to the right to the Mariensaule (25 min. ; key at the xail-
way-station, 25 pf.), a tower affording a fine view of Kyllburg. On
a height to the left, reached by way of the *Eifeler Hof, stands the
handsome Gothic Stiftakirche (1200 ft.), built in 1276, with good
choir - stalls , interesting tombstones, and stained glass of 1534,
from designs after Durer (key kept at the parsonage, the last house
to the right, opposite the old watch-tower). The adjacent cloisters,
recently restored, and the chapter-house, to the E. of the cloisters,
date from the 14th century. A pleasant promenade (indicated by
a finger-post at the upper well, to the left) leads round the slope of
the hill for about 2 M. ; another, the 'Ringpfad\ runs along above
the left bank and is reached by crossing the bridge and keeping to
the right. Fine view from the *"Wilsecker Linde', to the S., also
roached by crossing the stream and turning to the right.
On a height on the Kyll, li/s M. to the W. of Kyllburg, rises the
chateau of Malherg, incorporated with an old castle and commanding a
fine view.
Vi& Euemchmitt {V/t M. \ diligence) or vi& OUriall, BeiUnfdd, and the
ifosenberg to Handerscheid, see p. 210.
The train now passes through a short tunnel and crosses the
Kyll. The brook here describes a circuit, which the railway cuts off by
means of the Wilseck Tunnel. — 88 M. Erdorf (785 ft. ; Weinard)
is the station for Bitburg (4 M. distant; diligence six. times daily
in 1 hr.).
The road to Bithurg crosses the Kyll. Immediately heyond the bridge
a road leads to the right to (2 M.) FUetsem (Leonardp), near which, in
the Odrang, are the remains of a Roman villa with several fine Roman
mosaic pavements (fee to the keeper). The Odrang is Vt hr.'s walk from
Erdorf by the path diverging to the left from the Fliessem road.
Bitburg (1008 ft. i Poit; Jnnggebnrlh) was the Bedae Vicut of the Ro-
mans, and a station on their road from Treves to Cologne, Peveral of the
milestones of which have been found in the neighbourhood. Pop. 2S(X).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Eifd. MAYEN. '26. Route. 207
The line continues to follow the picturesque wooded *VaU€y of
the Kyll^ bounded by sandstone-rocks. The brook now becomes na-
vigable for rafts. Tunnels and bridges follow each other in rapid suc-
cession, and numerous mills are passed. At Hiittingen is a picturesque
waterfall, 16 ft. high, but often scanty in summer. 93 M. Philipps-
heim (660 ft), the station for (IV2M.3 Dudeldorf, with an old castle.
95 M. Speicher ; the village, with important potteries, lies on the hill,
11/2 M. to the E. 97 M. Auto, with a pilgrimage-church, erected in
1708-46. — 1041/2 M. Cordel C480ft.), with large quarries, where hun-
dreds of flint-axes have been found. To the right of the station rises
the ruined castle of Ramstein, erected in the 14th century. — 107 M.
Ehrang, the last station, lies at the junction of the Kyllthal with the
valley of the Moselle, and is connected by a line of rails with the
Quint (p. 202). Beyond Pfalzel^ the Moselle is crossed ; the station
of Treves is at the E. end of the town.
112 M. Treves, see p. 182.
b. Bailway firom Andemach to Mayen and Gerolstein.
531/1 M. Railway in about 4 hrs. (fares bJ(70,3J( 80 pf.).
From Andemach to (91/2 M.) iVicdcrmend/y, see p. 102. — I2V2 M.
Cottenheim (Eich; May). To the right is the Mayener Bellenherg,
beyond which rises the Ettringer BeUenberg (see below).
141/2 M. Mayen (780 ft.; Kohlhaaa, in theMarkt, R..lV2-'2»
B. 3/4, D. 11/2 »^i Muller'Sy both very fair), a town with 12,000 in-
hab. , possesses a late-Gothic church and a partly-preserved castle
(Oenoveva-Burg, restored in 1893-94). To the N. of the station are
several lava-quarries, but nearer the surface than those at l^ieder-
mendig, and some of them partly open.
The lava-bed in which they are worked is the outlet of the ancient
volcano of Ettringer BeUenberg (1406 ft.), IV2 M. to the N. of Mayen. The
E. side of the crater commands a fine view of the fertile plain of the Mai-
feld and Pellenz between Mayen and Andemach, and of the Rhine Valley.
A more extensive view is enjoyed from the Hochsimmer (1820 ft.), ascended
from Mayen in 1V« hr., vi& 8t. Johann. — A good road leads from Mayen
to the l^.W., through the pretty valley of the Kette, to (3 M.) the well-
preserved turreted chateau of *BUrresheim y on a hill partly surrounded
by the Nette. It is mentioned in history as early as the 12th cent., and
now belongs to Count Benesse-Breitbach.
Diligences ply once a day from Mayen to (18 Vs M. , in 4-4^/2 hrs.)
Adenan, vii CUrrenbtrg and Virneburg (Miiller) y and to (IOV2 M., in 2^/2 hrs.)
Munster-Maifeld (p. 192).
The train skirts the town , crosses the valley of the Nette by a
viaduct 115 yds. long, passes the station Mayen-West, and then pen-
etrates the watershed between the Nette and Elz by a tunnel 525 yds.
in length. A shorter tunnel follows.
21 M. Monreal (980 ft.; Lunnebach), charmingly situated in
the valley of the Elz, has two ruined castles, the Resch and Jlfon-
real. The latter, the more important of the two , dates from 1229.
The chapel in the cemetery contains some interesting remains of
old frescoes. ^ ,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
208 RouU26. DAUN. EifeL
Fine retrospect as we proceed. — 26 M. Vrmerabcuihf in the
SieUbach'Tlua. -— 27 M. Kaisenesch (1500 ft.; Po8t, very fair,
pens. 3 Jf ; Schwan) lies 2/3 M. from the station. In the wood, near
the latter, may be distinguished the broad embankment of a Roman
military road, almost parallel with which are a moat and rampart,
extending across the whole Eifel district.
Excellent slates (^Clottener Leien') are quarried at Mcuimrg y Ormers-
btufiy and other places to the l^.W. and W. of Kaiserseach.
FaoM Eaiseesssch to Coghbm (p. 193) , 9 M., diligence twice daily in
2 hrs. (in the other direction 2^/2 hrs.)- The road passes Landkern^ with
the BjnaAl DreifaUigkeitt-CapeUe ('Chapel of the Trinity"), containing an an-
cient colomn, with carious reliefs of the Trinity, the CrtiGifixion, and the ' *
Virgin with her dead Son. Farther on the road joins the Ender-Thal and
passes near the Winnehurg (p. 194).
The railway ascends beyond the WoLfsberg (1786 ft.) to (30 M.)
Laubach'MuUenbaeh (1 575 ft.), with a view extending on the S. W. over
the Vorder-Eifel , and on the S. over the hills of the Moselle to the
Hunsrfick. — 33 M. Verafeld, — 36 M-THmen (1456 ft; Bahnhofs-
H6tel, B. & B. 2-2 V2 •^»' Franzen; Schlags), on the Ulmener Maar,
with a mined castle and a high-lying church. — 39^/2 M. Utzerath.
From (42m,) Darscheid (Kauth) a picturesque walk may betaken
through the Lehwald and over the Hardt to (li/4-lY2hr.) the Wein-
felder Maar(p. 209; comp. the Map). The view from the Hardt
resembles that from the Mauseberg.
The line now descends along the Formerich (1620 ft), an ex-
tinct crater, into the valley of the Liestr.
441/2 M. Daun. — Hotels. ^Schramm, at the W. end of the town,
R. Sl B. 2-2V2. B. IV2-2, pens. i-bJi; *Homme8, near the S. end of the town,
similar prices-, Dacnbs Hop, near the station, R. & B. IVa-S'^, D. IV2-2, pens.
d\f2Jf. — Bathing House at the Oemiinder Maar (p. 209; key kept at Daun).
Carriage to Manderscheid or Lutzerath . 1(^12 J(. — Diligence twice
daily to (10 H.) Manderscheid and (9V3 M.) Gillenfeld.
The Railway Station of Daun lies on the left bank of the lieser, the
town on the right.
Daun (1310 ft.), a town with llOOinhab., lies picturesquely in
the valley of the Lieser y on the slope of a hill which is crowned
with the remains of the old Schloss of the Counts of Daun, a cel-
ebrated family, several members of which distinguished themselves
in the Austrian service. The castle was stormed in 1352 by Baldwin
of Treves and William of Cologne. The building on the hill, which
was formerly occupied by a bailiff of the Elector of Treves, is now
the chief forester's residence. Several mineral springs.
To the S. of Daun rises the Wehrbfltch (1607 ft), a lava-hill, crowned
with a conspicuous monument in memory of the war of 1870-71. — To the
W. of Daun is the Worth (1626 ft). The Nerother Kopf^ mentioned at
p. 205, is 4 M. to the N.W.
The train ascends the valley of the Lieser to (46 M.) Rengen and
reaches its highest point (1860 ft.) beyond (50V2 M.) Dockujeiler-
Dreis. Then through a pretty valley to (53V2 M.) HokenfeU^ in a vol-
canic basin, (67 M.) Pelm, and (581/2 M.) Gerolstein (see p. 204).
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Eifel. GEMUNDER MAAR. 26, Roule, 209
c. Walk from Daun to Kyllbnrg vi& Gillenfeld and Manderscheid.
First Day. By the Daitner Afaare^ the Mduseberg, and Jfehren to the
Puivennaar^ 8 hrs. ; to Oillen/eld^ Vi hr. ; via the Belvedere to Manderscheid^
2V4 hps. — r Skoond Day. Over the Mosenberff to Betten/eld, iVa hr. ; to
Eiteruehmitt, i% hr. ; thence to KyUburg^ TVs M.
Our first goal i3 the three DaunebMaakb, or crater-lakes of Daun,
which lie 272-4: M. to the S.E. of Daun, in an extensive bed of
volcanic deposits, consisting of scoriae, rapilli, and occasional strata
of volcanic tufa. We follow the Manderscheid road (from which,
*/2 M. from Daun , a road diverges to the left to the church of
Weinfeld and Schalkenmehren) to the village of Qemundtn (1 M.),
whick lies to the right on the Lieser. A finger-post indicates the
way (to the left) to the (6 min.) Gemiinder Maar and the MSuse-
herg. The ♦Gemunder Maar (1335 ft.) is the smallest of the crater-
lakes of Daun. It lies in a partly- wooded hasin, and is ahout 18 acres
in area and 125 ft. in depth. Those who do not wish to descend to
the bank of the lake proceed direct to the Mauseberg (way-post).
In 10 min. the shady road emerges from the wood and affords a
beautiful ♦Vibw of the Gemiinder Maar, with Daun and its wooded
hiUs beyond it. We then ascend to (10 min. farther) the nearly
barren summit of the Mauseberg (1840 ft.), which commands a
fine view, especially from the trigonometrical signal on the E. side.
In the foreground lis the solitary Weinfelder Maar (1590 ft.),
another of these crater-lakes, 42 acres in area and 170 ft. in depth,
and the Weinfelder Kirche, the only relic of the village of Weinfeld,
now used as a burial-chapel. (From the Mauseberg back to Daun vi^
the Weinfelder Kirche, 8/4 hr.) — To the S. E. of the Weinfelder
Maar lies the Schalkenmehrer Maar (1380 ft.), the third of the lakes
of Daun, 55 acres iti area, 65 ft. in depth, and drained on the S.
side by the Alfbach (p. 196). The bed of peat on the E. side is
believed by geologists to be the site of a still older crater, which
was afterwards partly filled in consequence of an eruption from the
crater now occupied by the lake.
A well-marked path (*Lieser-Weg') leaves the Schalkenmehrer Maar
on the left for Trittscheidt and follows the Lieser down to Manderscheid
(3-3V« hrs.).
By proceeding towards the E. across the ridge between the two
Maare, we reach (IV2M.) the village of lUehxen (Herbr and- Knodt ;
Franzen, both very fair), situated on the highroad 41/2 M. to the
S. E. of Daun and 3 M. to the S. of Darscheid (p. 208 ; a pleasant
walk through the Lehwald). — Near Steineberg, about 1^/4 M. from
Mehren and 2 M. from Darscheid, is the Ringwally an extensive
prehistoric burial-ground commanding a fine view (best from the
platform at the top).
We follow the road, parts of which are shaded by trees, for about
4 M. farther, take the Gillenfeld road to the right, and diverge by
a footpath to the left to the ^Fnlvermaar (1350 ft.), the most beau-
tiful and, after the Laacher See (p. 104), the largest of these crater-
Btedbkkh'8 Rhine. 15th Edit. ^4. OOglC
210 Route 26. MANDERSCHEID. Eifel.
lakes, 95 acres in area and 250 ft. deep, situated in a basin fringed
with woods. The hills (ca. 230 ft.) on its banks consist almost en-
tirely of volcanic sand, which appears as a black powder in the water
of the lake. On the S. side rises the Romersberg (1565 ft.), a con-
siderable rock composed of slag. From this point to Strotzbiisch,
see p. 197; to Lutzerath, 5 Bf.
About 1^2 M. to the W. of the Pulvermaar lies the village of
Gillenfeld (1335 ft. ; Claaen, Zillgen^ both very fair; diligence to
Daun, p. 208: carr. to Manderscheid 8 Jf).
At Strohn, 2 M. to the S. of Gillenfeld, the valley of the Alf cuts into
the lava-deposita of the Wartesberg (1605 ft.), one of the largest volcanic
hills of the Eifel. It is undoubtedly a crater, though its form is not easily
rccogoized as such.
From Gillbnfbld to MANDsascHBiD, 6 M. After about 1 M.
the road leads for a short distance through wood, affording a view
of the small Holzmaar to the right. Eckfeld is passed 2 M. farther
oil, and then (1 M.) Buchholzj with the church common to these
two villages. Near Buchholz, beyond Ho ffmannn's Inn, a footpath di-
verges to the right, which is joined 10 min. farther on by another
path coming from the church of Buchholz. Here we again turn to
the right and after a walk of 10 min. more through trees reach the
^BelvederCf one of the most beautiful points near Manderscheid,
which affords a striking view of the castles of Bfanderscheid rising
from the vaUey below, with the Mosenberg and other hills in the
background. The stump of a column from a Roman villa on the
Mosenberg commemorates the visit of Frederick "William IT. in
1833. — From the Belvedere we may descend by a steep and
fatiguing path to the (12 min.) Lieser and re- ascend in 12 min. more
to the saddle by the upper castle, near which we enjoy to the left
a charming view of the lower castle ; thence by the ridge to a small
view-temple and to (10 min.) Manderscheid. — Another path Is
indicated by a flnger-post about 80 yds. before we reach the Bel-
vedere, leading in 1/4 hr. to Nieder -Manderscheid^ in the valley of
the Lieser, where we regain the highroad. The road crosses the
Lieser (fine view from the bridge) and ascends to (^/4-l M.)
Manderscheid.
Feom Daun to Manderscheid, direct (10 M. ; diligence twice daily in
2V4 hrs.). Thia road passes above Qemilnden (p. 209) to Weyersbaeh, quits
the valley of the Lieser^ and ascends to Uedersdorf. The lofty and im-
posing masses of lava which the road traverses between these villages are
believed to owe their origin partly to a volcano to the S. of Uedersdorf,
which culminates in the Weberley (1680 ft.), a slag-hill near the valley of the
Kleine Kyll^ and partly to a volcanic mountain (1770 ft.) rising towards the
N.W. Halfway between Uedersdorf and Manderscheid lies Bleekhavsen.
Manderscheid. — Hotels. Zens, B. 1V8-2, B. 3/4, B. lVs-2, pens.
3^/2-5 Jt; Heid, R. a B. 2-2»/2, D. IV4-2, pens. 4 Jf; Mullejans, E. IV2,
B. */a, D. 2-3, pens. 4-iy2 J( , all three fair. — Gaskiaob to the Mosen-
be g 5, to EiscBSchmitt 8, to Daun 8, to Wittlich 9-10, Bertrich 15. GhiUen-
feld 6, Kyllburg 14 (via Himmerod 16), Gerolstein vi& Neroth il 12 J(
Diligence ti) Daun, see p. 208-, to (riVa M.) Wittlich (p. 19S) once daily
ill 2»/4 hrs., via Qrou-Litgen and Mindtr-Litgen.
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Eifd. MOSENBERG. 6, Route, 211
Manderscheid (^1270 ft.), a Tillage of some liuportance, with 860
inhab., lies on a lofty plain between tbe Lieser and the Kleine
Kyll. On the S. E. side, In a singularly picturesque situation, are
two *Castle8, perched on jagged slate-rocks rising precipitously from
the deep valley of the Lieser, the ancient seat (first mentioned
in 889) of the Counts of Manderscheid who became extinct in 1780.
The upper castle now belongs to Count Briihl, the lower one to the
Eifel Verein. Manderscheid is a good halting-place for a day or
two. Fine yiews from the Conatantinswdldchen (there and back
3/4 hr.) and the Friedrichsplatz (there and back 25 min.). To reach
the above-mentioned Belvedere (35 min.) we take the footpath to
the left, 250 paces beyond the bridge over the Lieser, which leads
up from behind a shrine, and twice crosses the Buchholz road,
after which we follow this road as far as the wood and then diverge
to the left.
The most interesting volcanic mountain of the Eifel is the con-
spicuous, three-peaked Mosenbbbg, 1 hr. to the W. of Mander-
scheid. We first follow the Bettenfeld road, which descends into
the valley of the Kleine Kyll^ crosses the stream at the Heidsmuhle
(inn), and rapidly re-ascenda. We take a path to the left at the
second bend, which traverses fields, passes the marshy Hinkelimaar,
and then leads to the left to the barren summit (shelter-hut built
of slag).
The Mosenberg (1720 ft.) is a long hill of lava extending from
N. to S., wooded on the E. side, but denuded by volcanic action on
the W. It has four craters, the lava-waUs of which rise fantastically
to a height of 50 ft. The basalt and slag which form the summit
have here protruded 250 ft. through the grauwacke. The N. crater,
formerly filled with water, was drained in 1846 , and now yields
peat. The huge lava - stream which has issued from an opening in
the S. crater may be traced as far as the (8/4 M.) Homgrdben (foot-
path), where it reaches the Kleine Kyll, and rises in perpendicular
lava-cliffs 100 ft. in height. The comprehensive view extends as
far as the HunsrQck on the S. — By following the Horngraben from
the Mosenberg we may reach the (1 hr.) Manderscheid and Kyll-
burg road near the Neumuhle (see below).
On the plateau, 1 M. to the W. of the Mosenberg, lies the village of
Bettenfeld (Stad^eld^ clean), whence a road leads to (4Vt H. \ footpath
shorter) Eisenschmitt (p. 212) and another (partly footpath; marked in
bine) to (*/4 hr.) the Salmthal, and so to (V4 hr.) Oberkail (p. 212).
About iVt X. to the K. of the Xosenberg lies the Mi^rftlder Maar
(1015 ft. ; 60 acres in extent, 38 ft. deep), one of the largest crater j of the
Eifel, but containing no water except on one side. On the W. bank is
the village of MeerfOd.
Fbom Mandbrsohbid to Kyllbubo, 14 M. [Walkers should
follow the path via the Mosenberg and Bettenfeld, which is in-
dicated by blue marks and from Bettenfeld on leads through wood.]
The road soon descends Into the valley of the Kleine Kyll, crosses
the rivar,. and passes tha (2V4 M.) Neumuhle, where the above-
212 Route 27. EMS. From Cohlent
mentioned path from the Mosenberg joins the road. Just beyond
this point the Fischhach flows into the Kyll. The scenery of the
valley here is pi<'/turesqne and imposing. The road then winds up
the left bank of the Fischhach, and after II/4 M. divides, the left
branch leading to Wittlich (j). 198), the right to Kyllburg. The
latter leads through wood to (31/2 M.) —
7 M. Eisenschmitt (^Wagner-Jung^ very fair; Muller, new), on
the Salm, — In the valley of the Salm, 1/2 M. to the S. , on the
road to Wittlich, is the cloth-factory of Eickelhutte (Inn, with
garden, pens. 4-5 Jf), About 1 V4 M. farther down are the extensive
ruins of the Benedictine abbey of Himmerod , founded in 1139 by
St. Bernard of Clairvaux; the Gothic cloisters are the chief
remains (inn).
From Eisenschmitt we ascend in windings, which pedestrians
may avoid (steep path in 20 min.) , to (l^/j M.) Schvjarzenbom
(Timpen), 0V2 M. from Kyllburg. Farther on we pass (1 M.)
Oberkail (Jabusch), with the scanty ruins of an old castle, a church
erected in 1787, and fragments of a Roman wall, which once
extended from this vicinity to Bitbnrg. We reach (4^2 M.) Kyllburg
by the bridge over the Kyll (see p. 206).
27. From Coblenz to Wetzlar.
Ems and the Valley of the Lahn.
Comp. Maps, p. 112, 916.
64 M. Railwat by Niederialinstein to (lOVa M.) Ems in VHA hf. (fares
1 Uir 40, 1 ur 10, 70 pf.), to WeUlar in ^ff^i^lt hra. (8 UT 40, 6 UT 90, 4 Ul
20 pf.; express 9 UK 40 pf., 7 Ul, 4 UK 90 pf.). Nassau, Sehtmimbwrg, Um-
burg, Weitburg, and Wittlar are the most pictnresqne points.
Cohlen%, see p. 105. The train crosses the Rhine by the bridge
mentioned at p. 110, and passes through a cutting on the landward
side of Horchheim (comp. p. 113)
3 M. NiederlahxLitein (p. 113 ; Railway Restaurant)^ the junction
of the railways from Ehrenbreitstein and to Wiesbaden (p. 140).
Travellers for these lines change carriages.
The train now skirts the Allerhelligen-Berg (p. 113), crosses the
Lahn , and ascends on the left bank, where the line from Ober-
lahnstein (p. 114) is joined. Several iron-works are observed. The
river is provided with numerous locks to facilitate the navigation
of the barges which convey to the Rhine the ores yielded by this
district. — 6 M. Friedrichssegen, the station for the lead and silver
mines of the same name, which lie about 1 Y2 M. to the E. — 8I/2 M.
Nievem, with the large Nieverner Hutte,
IOY2 ^* Ems. — Hotels (the large ones generally open in summer
only^ hotel-onmibases at the station). On the right bank of the Lahn:
'^'BoTAL CcRHADS, wlth its d^pendance ComtnUsariats-Oebdude, B.2-10, B. iVi,
D. 31/2, pens, from ly^Jf; *Hotel des Qdatre-Saisons et de l'Edrope, near
the Cnrsaal, R. 2V2-5, B. IVi, D. 3V2, pens. 8-11 Uff; *Hotel d'Anoleteere,
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to Weizlar. KMS. 27. BouU. 213
'at the lower end of the promenade, with large garden, R. from 3Vzi B. IY2,
D. 31/2, pens, from 8 •#; '^Dabustadtbb Hof, near the bridge, R. 21/2-6,
B. 11/4, D. 3Y2. pens. 8 jH; BdTBL db Bussib, near the Wandelbahn, R. 2-6,
B. I74, D. 31/2, pens, from 1 Ji. — Prombnadb, near the bridge, with
cafd and open-air refltanrant, R. 2 UIT 20-3 M 70 pf., B. 1 UIT, D. 2 UIT 30 pf.,
pens. b^/fV/i Jf^ well spoken of; Bristol, opposite the Vier Thiirme,
with garden, R. 2V2-5V«, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 6V2-8 Jf; Stadt Wibs-
BADBM, opposite the Wandelhahn, B. 3-7, B. 1, D. 21/4, pens, from 6,
electric light 1 Jt per week; MfixROPOLE: Hof von Holland, E. from 2,
B. 1, D. 2, pens. 5-6 UT; LOwb, R. IVa-S, B. 1, D. 2, pens. 5-7 UIT;
Wbilbueqbb Hop , R. 2-2V2, B. */*, D. 1V4-2, pens. 4V2-6 Jf; Weisses
Ross (see below), R. 2-3V2, B. I, D. 2^/4 Jf; Kaiseehof; ScnnTZENHOF,
opposite the Vier Thiirme, with its d^pendance Rhenania^ R. 2-4, B. 1,
D. 2 Ul 30 pf. — In the lower part of the town: HOxbl-Pens. Soltau, pens.
5V2-8 J(; HdTBL-PBNS. SoHLOSS Langbnad, R. IV2-4, B. 1, D. 2-2>^, pens.
5-8 J(. — Rhbinischbb Hof (good and moderate), in the village of Ems. —
On the left bank (cooler than the rieht bank) : 'Roubbbad, with a private
spring (p. 2U), R. 2Vrl6, B. IV4, D. 3V2, pens, from 8 J(; *HdTBL Gdttbn-
BBBO, with lift and «:arden, R. 2-4V2> B. IV4, D. 31/3, pen*, from 8 J(; Hotel
DB Flandbb, opposite the station, with garden, R. lVs-8< B. 1, D. 2, pens.
6-7 Jf; H5tbl Rotal; HdTBL-PsNsiox Schloss Johanmisbbrg, D. 2 Ul,
well spoken of. — HdTEL-RBSTAOBANT RoTTMANNSHdHB (p. 215), prettily
situated halfway up the Malberg, with view.
Private Hotels. On the right bank: *Vibb Thdrmb (p. 215), in
the grounds of the Curhaus, with lift, R. from 2»/2, B. 11/4, D. 3, pens,
from 7Vs Jf- On the left bank : 'Villa Bella Riva, with its dependance
Villa Petit Blithe, near the Eaiser-Briicke. R. 272-4, B. iV4, D. 31/2, pens.
7V2-10Uir. — There are also numerous Lodginq Houses, most of which also
receive passing travellers. Some of them are very comfortably fitted up.
The more remote houses are of course the least expensive. Breakfast
and tea are provided at all of these, but dinner more rarely.
Bestanrants and Oafds. Curhaus^ with table d'hdte, and Cursaal, both
of the first class ; Villa Beriot^ with a garden, on the left bank of the Lahn ;
Kaiser-Ca/4 and Cc^4 Ziepert^ both also confectioners ; Alemannia^ these three
near the station ; also at all the hotels. Bohen-ilalberg Restaurant (p. 215) -,
Sehweiserhdmehtn, on the slope of the Malberg (p. 215); Jungfemhdhe^
opposite the Baderlei (p. 215); Silberau^ at the end of the Eonig-Wilhelms-
All^e ; Lindenbaeh (p. 215), 1 1/4 M. from the Cursaal. — Wine : Goldmes
Fau^ opposite the Cursaal; Old German Wine JSoom, opposite the Vier
Thfirme. — Bear; Xtftr«, Wei8*e$ Rots, Ooldenes Fast, Stadt Wiesbaden, Ale-
mannia^ Weilburger Hof (for all these, see above); Villa St. George^ Lahu-
8tr. 36, with garden, D. lV*-2 Ji.
Oabs. Drive within the precincts of the town, one-horse cab, 70 pf.,
two-horse cab, 1 UIT; per hr. 3 or 4V* Jt; to Eloster Arnstein and back,
IOV2 or 15 JH ; to Kemmenau and back 7V2 or 11 Jl; to Ober-Lahnstein
7Vs or 11, there and back 9Vs or 14. to Arenberg and back 10 or 15, to
Nassau and back 6V2 or 10 •#. Gabs drawn by mules or ponies are cheaper.
Wire-rope Bailway to the top of the Malberg (p. 215), starting near the
Eaiser-Briicke, in 8 min. (fare 80, down 50 pf., return-ticket 1 UIT, sub-
scription for a month 5 M)\ trains almost half-hourly.
Visitors' Tax, after a stav of 7 days, for 1 pers. 18 M^ each addit.
member of the same family 9 jM. Day-ticket, admitting to the Cursaal
and the afternoon and evening concerts, 60 pi., or, on special occasions,
i jH. — The charges for baths vary in the different houses from 1 Ji
to 3 •#. — For drinking the waters at the royal springs a ticket ('Brunnen-
karte*; 6 UIQ is necessary.
Music 7 to 8.30 a.m., the hours during which the waters are drunk;
4 to 6.30 p.m. in the public grounds; and 8 to 9.30 p.m. in the Cnrsaal. At
the latter symphony-concerts are also given. — Theatre^ in the Hot. HLHto-
pole (see above). r^ 1
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214 Route 27. EMS. From CohUnt
Post and T«l«ir'<^pl^ Offictf Romer-9tr. 24, near the Wandelbahn.
Booksellers. Kirchberger^ Gntben-Sir. 7, near the Curhaus (also moDey-
changer); Pftfftr^ Lahn-Str. 33.
English Chardh Servioe in i^^ E%gliihCkwrch (PI. 1), on the left bank,
at 8 a.in., 11 a.in., and 5.30 p.m.
EfjM (260 ft.) was known to the Romans, but is mentioned for
the first time as a warm bath in a document of 1172. It is now
visited annually by about 12,000 patients, while in 1823 the number
was 1200 only. The height of the season is from the middle of July
to the end of August. The town (6500 inhab.) is prettily situated
on both banks of the Lahn In a narrow valley, enclosed by wooded
and vine - clad rocky heights. It consists of a street of lodging-
houses on the right bank of the river, the original ^Bad Ema^; of a
new quarter on the left bank, named ^Spieas-Ems', with numerous
handsome yillas at the base of the Malberg ; and of ^Daf Em8\ or
the old village, at the lower end of 'Bad Ems*. The English Church
(services, see above) is on the left bank. The river is spanned by
four bridges.
The Gursaal, the Gurhaus, and the Cub-Ga&tbn adjoining them
form the great centre of attraction to visitors, the pleasure-grounds
of the latter being generally thronged with a fashionable crowd while
the band plays in the afternoon.
The Eoyal Cnrhaus (PI. 6), erected at the end of the 18th century,
and frequently enlarged since then, contains the most important
$;prings and about 60 baths, the best of which are on the first floor.
In the arcades, which were extended in 1&54, are the springs used
for drinking : the Kesselbrurinen (115**Fahr.), in the upper arcade,
and the Krdhnchen (95-97®), the Fiirstenbrunnen (102-104**), and
(the Kaiserbrunnen 83**; the pleasantest to drink) in the lower. The
waters are chiefly drunk between 6 and 8 a.m. — The so-called
Kdnig-Wilhelms-Felsen-QuelUn (viz. Victoria- Quelle, Augusta-
Quelle, Eisen - Quelle, and Wilhelms- Quelle), four springs dis-
covered In 1865-67 in the court of the Nasaauer Hof^nd. purchased by
government in 1902, are used both internally and externally. The
bath-house in connection with them is joined by covered passages
with the HdleldeaQuatre'SaisonsetdeV Europe. The\)a.th-ho\iae Prince
of Wales ^ Romerbad also possesses springs of its own (112®Fahr.).
The chief ingredients of the water, which is most beneficial In female
and pulmonary complaints, are bicarbonate of soda and chloride of
sodium.
The Cnrsaal (PI. 7), situated in the Cur-Garten and erected in
1839, is connected with the Gurhaus by means of a tasteful iron
Colonnade , In which is a tempting bazaar. The Gursaal contains
several magnificent saloons, a reading-room, a restaurant, and a caf^,
which last , with its numerous tables in the gardens adjoining,
attracts crowds of after-dinner loungers. Music in the evening.
Near the pavilion of the band , at thfe upper and of the Cur-
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to WeizlaTf EMS. 27. Route. 215
Garten, a marble slab iu the ground indicates the spot, where, on
13tli July, 1870, King WiUiam ordered his adjutant Count Lehn-
dorf to give his memorable answer to the Importunate French am-
bassador Benedetti. A covered iron bridge connects this bank of the
Lahn with the new bath-house (see below).
In the shady grounds at the back of the Cursaal is the Wandel-
6oA», or covered promenade for the use of visitors in wet weather.
A marble statue of Emp. . WiUiam /., by Otto, was erected here in
1893. On the Lahn, at the lower end of the park, is the bath-house
of the Vier Thurme {Four Towers; PI. 12), built at the beginning of
the 18th century. Adjacent is the Roman Catholic Church (PI. 4).
Between the last two buildings the Kaiser-Brucke crosses the Lahn.
On the left bank of the Lahn , near the Gitter-Briicke, is the
New Bath Hoiuie (Neue Badhaus; PI. 8), with baths supplied from
the copious Neue Quelle , or New Sprir^g , which was enclosed in
1850, the warmest (135-137®) of all the waters of Ems. On the
bill above the railway rises the new Romanesque Kaiser- Wilhelm-
Kirche. — From this point the shady Kbnig- Wilhelms-Allee descends
along the bank of the river, passing the Russiari Church (PI. 6)
and the Kaiser- Briicke (see above), to the SUberau (restaurant, see
p. 213), where the Lahn is crossed by Remys Brucke^ the lowest
of the four bridges of Ems.
The so-called 'Villen-Promenade' is more attractive. Beginning
at the New Bath House, it crosses the railway near the station of
the wire- rope railway (see below), then passes the H6tel Bella Riva
and leads through wood to the open-air restaurant of Lindenbach
(above the station of that name) and to the (^/^hr.) Rottmannshohe
(hotel-restaurant, see p. 213).
Near the Kaiser-Brftcke is the station of the Wire-Rope Railway
(p. 213) to the top of the wooded Malberg (1090 ft.). Pedestrians
reach the top in 8/4 hr. by beautiful walks either on this (W.) side
or on the E. side, passing the English Church (PI. 1; p. 214)
and the Schweizerhauschen (PI. 10 j p. 21 3) j the W. side is in the
shade in the morning , the E. side in the afternoon. At the top
are a view-tower, the Hohen- Malberg Hotel-Restaurant (p. 213),
and a statue of Emp. William I. Paths lead thence through wood
to the forester's house of Oberlahnstein and to Friicht (comp. p. 216).
The nearer peak of the Winterberg (rfmts.), a hill on the left
bank to the E. of the Malbergskopf, ^2 ^'- ^^^ Ems, commands
a fine view of the valley of the Lahn. On the summit is a tower,
bnilt after a design on Trajan's Column, on the foundations of an
old Roman tower which formerly stood here. The Pfahlgraben (p. 74),
which was provided at intervals with similar towers, is still traceable
on the right bank of the Lahn.
On the right bank of the Lahn, immediately above the high-
road , towers the abrupt B&derlei, or ^Sieben Kopfe\ a jagged rock
216 iJoute 27. NASSAU. From Cohlenz
of slate crowned with the Concordia Thurm (866 ft. j rfmts.), a yiew-
tower. Halfway up is the MooshiittCy a pavilion commanding an
admirable surrey of Ems, below whichis a monument to the warriors
of 1870-71. We reach the summit in 3/4-I hr. by following the
Graben - Strasse, above the Curhaus, and then ascending by the
stony footpath passing the war-monument and the Mooahutte^ or by
the broad road to the right farther on. The Bismarck Promenade,
diverging to the left at the beginning of the latter, leads round the
Pfahlgraben to the (8/4 hr.) Bismarck Tower on the Klopp, whence
we descend to Dorf Ems (fine views).
The Xemmenantr H6he , or Schdne Aui»icht (1140 ft.), IV2 br. to the
K. of Ems, is one of the highest points to the N. of the Lahn, and com-
mands an extensive and interesting view of the valley of the Rhine, the
Taunns, and the Eifel Hts.
On the hill between Ems and Braubach are situated the Oberlahn-
sfeiner Fortthatu.yz hr. from the slation of Hof-Zollgrund (p. 115), and
the village of Friicht, which contains the bnrial-vault of the famoofl
Prussian minister Baron Stein (1757-1831 *, see below). The epitaph contains
a tribute to the strong and upright character of the statesman. Frau Epp-
stein at Friicht keeps the keys of the chapel (gratuity). — A direct road
leads from Ems to Friicht (3H.); or we may reach it by woodland paths
in 3/4 hr. from the Malberg (p. 215). The route via the Schweizer-Thal
to Miellen and the railway-station of Nievem (1 hr.) is recommended in
returning.
Road to SchweUbBch (Wiesbaden) vii NassaUy see'p. 144.
Railway to Wbtzlab. Leaving Ems, the train passes Dauae-
nau (Nassauer Hof), on the right bank, with an ancient octagonal
tower, and still surrounded by old walls. The church (restored)
dates from the 13th , its vestibule from the 15th century. Near
Nassau we cross the Lahn.
I5V2 M. (from Goblenz) Nassau. — Hotels. Hulleb, at the sta-
tion ; Krone, R. IV2-2, B. s/4, pens, from 4^/3 •# ; H6t£L If absau, Bahn-
Str. 2. — Bbllsvub, prettily situated on the left bank of the Lahn, R. lV2~2i
D. IV4-2V2, pens. 4-5 Ji. — Union Brewery^ with garden.
Hydropathic and Pine-Bath Establishment^ to the W., on the road to
Ems, board and medical advice 51/2, R. 1-5 Jl per day.
Nassau (265 ft.), a small and ancient town (1900 inhab.), believed
to have existed as early as 790 under the name of Nasonga, is prettily
situated on the right bank of the Lahn (which is here crossed by a
suspension-bridge), and Is much frequented by summer- visitors.
It was the birthplace of the celebrated Prussian minister Baron
Stein (see above) , the last scion of a noble family that had resided
here since the 13th century. The Sehloss, though modernised, dates
from 1621, and now belongs to the Countess von der Gr$ben. In i
1815 Stein caused a Gk>thic tower to be added to commemorate the
war of independence. This was a favourite resort of the illustrious J
proprietor, who embellished It with various reminiscences of thatj
eventful period. Others connected with the war of 1870-71 have
been added. (Admission on Mon., Wed., & Frld., 9-11 & 2-65
»^$posit a donation for a charitable purpose In j box at tlii
y Google
y Google
to WetzluT. OBERNHOF. 1^7. lioute. 217
entrance.) The Schloss-Fark is open to the public daily, except
Sundays, 8-12 a.m. and 2-7 p.m.
On the opposite bank of the Lahn rises a wooded eminence
(ascended from the station in 25 min.), crowned by the ruined
Castle of Kassan, erected in 1101 by Dado lY., Count of Lauren-
burg (p. 218), whose descendants henceforth assumed the name of
Nassau ; it has been suffered to fall to decay since the end of the
16th century. Lower down on the same hill are the ruins of Bnrg
Stein (Y2 M. from the suspension-bridge), the ancestral seat of the
Barons Stein, the earliest mention of which is in 1158, and which
was inhabited down to the end of the 17th century. The projecting
rook in front of it bears a Momiment to Stein , consisting of a
highly characteristic statue in marble, by Pfuhl of Berlin, beneath
a Gothic canopy of red sandstone, 61 ft. in height, inaugurated in
1872. In his right hand the great minister holds a scroll with the
date 11th June, 1807, in allusion to his memorial regarding the
reorganisation of the Prussian state. The terrace affords a survey
of the valleys of the Lahn and Miihlbach.
The rocks of the Hohe Lei, reached from Nassau in V* !»'• (donkey
2V2 -^j command a beautiful view, including the monastery of Arnstein.
Beyond Nassau the railway follows the right bank of the Lahn,
and is soon carried through a series of tunnels. Before and beyond
the second , a glimpse is obtained on the right of Burg Langenau
(3 M. from Nassau, 1 M. from Obernhof), built in 1244, the ancient
seat of an Austrian family, the Rhenish branch of which became
extinct in 1603. The watch-tower and external walls are well pre-
served; within the latter farm-buildings have been erected. Beyond
the castle, on the opposite bank, rises the Eloster Arnstein, with its
church of the 12th cent, (enlarged in 1359, restored in 1865), and
other buildings, picturesquely situated on a wooded eminence. A
castle of very ancient origin which once stood here was converted
by the last Count of Arnstein or Arnoldstein into aPremonstratensian
monastery in 1208 (suppressed in 1803). It is most easily visited
from Obernhof (see below). On leaving the station we turn to the
right, and after 300 paces follow the path to the left, indicated
by a flnger-post, to (8/4 M.) Arnstein (refreshments at the Kloster-
Muhle). A picturesque path leads hence to (41/2 M.) Nassau, via
Hollrich and Berg-Nassau.
Near (18 M.) Obernhof are lead and silver mines. The station
is on the left bank and the village (Kloster Arnstein Inn) on the
right bank of the Lahn. A fine point of view in the vicinity (reach-
ed in 20 min., by an easy but shadeless path) is known as the
Ooethe-Punkt, from a visit made to it by Goethe in 1814.
The line now passes through a long tunnel, beyond which the
valley contracts. Then a long curve. High up, on the slope of the
left bank, is situated the '•Alte Hau8\ a solitary fragment of wall
belonging to the old nunnery of Brunnenhurg .
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
218 Route 27. SCHAUMBUUG. From CohUrz
241/2 M. Lanrenbnrg (325 ft.), with silver-smelting works, a
small chateau, and the ruins of the ancestral residence of the Counts
of Nassau, who were originally Counts of Lauienburg (comp.p.217) ;
this castle is first mentioned in 1093 and was already a ruin in 1643.
The picturesque Ruphaci^Thal debouches at Lauenburg. — PromLaunn-
berg a road leads via the village of (25 min.) 8ch»id to (20 min.) OeOmau^
with a mineral spring, in the valley of the Lahn, which here describes
a wide beud.
Beyond the Cramberg Tunnel the train stops at (28 M.) Balduin-
stein (355 ft; NoU)-^ the imposing ruins of the castle of that name on
the right, built in 1319, rise in a narrow ravine behind the village.
A good road (carriages at the station) leads through the village in
3/4 hr. to the castle of Schaumbifi-g; walkers ascend the steep foot-
path in about 25 minutes.
On the right, a little farther on, the loftily-situated castle of
Schaumburg (915 ft.), first mentioned in 1194, overlooks the valley
from a wooded basaltic peak. It was once the seat of the princes of
Anhalt-Schaumburg, at a later period that of Archduke Stephen of
Austria (d. 1867), and is now the property of Prince George Victor
of Waldeck. The castle was built before 1194, but the oldest parts
of the present building date from the 18th cent. ; the modern part,
in the English-Gothic style, was erected for Archduke Stephen by
the architect Boos of Wiesbaden. The rooms are empty; picturesque
view from the tower (adm. till 6 p.m. 25 pf., to the tower 10 pf.).
Fine park. At the foot of the castle is a good Inn (with pension),
with a picturesque garden. — We descend at first through wood,
and then through the village of Birlenbach to (3 M.) Dietz.
29 M. Fachingen (375 ft. ; Anker) derives importance from its
mineral water, of which a large quantity is annually exported.
30 M. Diets (360 ft.; Victoria^ R. & B. from 21/2, D- IV2, pens.
from 4 JK, very fair ; Ho f von Holland ; Rail. Reitaurant; Restaurant
FuchSy at the rail, station), with 4300 inhab. and large marble-
polishing works, picturesquely situated on the hillside, close to the
Lahn, is commanded by the Peters- Kirchey buHt in the 13th cent.,
and by an old Castle of the Counts of Dietz and Nassau, now a house
of correction. The old Bridge across the Lahn is supported by
buttresses erected on two others belonging to an earlier bridge
(destroyed in 1552), which lie unbroken in the bed of the river. —
Through the valley of the Aar^ which joins the Lahn at Dietz, runs
the Schwalbach and Wiesbaden Railway (see p. 144).
On the left bank , 1 M. from Dietz , and connected with it by a
beautiful avenue of limes, is Schloss Oraniensteiny erected in 1676,
now a Prussian military school.
32 M. Limburg (360 ft.; *Preussi8cher Hof, *Nassauer Hof^ R. &
B. from 2y2> D. 2 ujf, good wine at both ; Alte Post, all less than
V4 M. from the station ; beer at the Actiehbrauereij on the Wies-
baden road), an old town with 8500 inhab., a place of some im-
ortance in the middle ages, and now the seat of a Roman Catholic
to Wetzlar. LIMBURG. '27. Route. 219
bishop, with many picturesque old houses, is situated on the Lahn.,
which is crossed here by a bridge constructed in 1315.
Near the rail, station are a new Ptotestant Church (Gothic) and a
War Morhument. — The narrow streets of the old town ascend direct
to the *Cathedralj with its seven towers, the ^Basilica St. Gtorgii
Martyris erecta 909\ as the inscription above the portal records. It
rises conspicuously above the river, from the right bank of which
the best view of it is obtained. Tt'was founded by Conrad Kurzbold,
the powerful Salic count of the Niederiahngau, remains of whose
Castle adjoin the church. The present structure (sacristan opposite
the entrance), a remarkably fine example of the Transition style,
erected in 1213-42, was skilfully restored in 1872-78. The ground-
plan shows the * centralising' tendencies of the Rhenish architects of
the period. The interior has galleries, arcading, and richly articulated
surfaces. The mural paintings of the 13th cent, have been freshened
up. The church contains a font of the 13th cent., and a monument
(also 13th cent.) to the founder (d. 948), with a recumbent figure,
in front of the high-altar. The stained glass is modern. — The valu-
able treasury of the cathedral, preserved in the Parish Churchy next
door to the bishop's residence, is shewn only on Wed., 11-12 and
3-6 (1-5 pers. 3 Jf; apply to the dean). — A beautiful view of the
cathedral is obtained from the right bank of the Lahn.
A small Steamboat plies between Limburg and Dehm (p. 220), affording
a fine view of Limborg cathedral and of the charch of Dietkirchen (p. 220).
From Limbdrg to Au, 55 M., railway in 4 brs. This line traverses
a fertile but somewhat aninteresting district. — I6V2 M. Montabanr ( Ooldene
Krone), a district- town with 3600 inhab., refounded by the Archbishop of
Treves in 1217 on the site of an ancient village and named Mons Tabor. —
22 M. Sierahahn (950 ft.), the junction of the line to Engers (p. 84). — From
(25V2 M.) Seltirs (840 ft.) a branch-line runs to Hcichenburg (see below). —
The train now enters the valley of the Holxhach. The next stations are
Marienrachdorff Dierdorf^ with a ch&teau and park of Prince Wied, Ran-
bach, with the large paper-mill of Hedwigsthal, PuderbacK Seifen, and
Neitersen. — 46V2 M. Altenkirchen CLuykm, R. 5V4-2V!?, D. 11/2, pens.
4-4Va •#), an industrial town on the Wied^ with 2000 inhab., near which
the French under General Kleber defeated the Austrians in 1796. It is
the junction of a line to Hadamar and Limburg (see below). — 49 M.
Obererhach; 51 V2 M. Breitscfieid. — 55 M. Au, see p. 60.
FaoM LiMBUBO TO Altemkirghen, 40 M., railway in 3 hrs. — 6'/s M.
Hadamar (420 ft. ; *Naszauer Hof\ a pleasant little town (Q200 inbab.)
with an old castle. — Several unimportant stations. Above (17 M.) We^Ur-
bwg. on a conical basaltic bill, rises the chateau of Prince Leiningen. —
23 M. Korh is the station for Mca^enlerg (1590 ft. ; Ferger), a summer-
resort, SVz M. to the E. (diligence Iwice daily). — SlVa M. Haohenburg
(1245 it.} *' Krone; Nassauer Ho/), a town of 1700 inhab., with a chateau
of Prince Sayn, built in the 13th, and restored in the 17th century.
Railway to Setters, see above. About IV4 M. to the N.W. of Hacbenburg
is the former Cistercian convent of Mariemtatt , founded in 1222 by
Heinrich III. of Sayn, with an interesting Gothic church. — 40 M. Alten-
kirchen^ see above.
Prom Limburg to Wiesbaden^ EdcMy and Frankfort, see R. 29 e.
The banks of the Lahn now become flatter. To the left lies
Dietkirehm^ with the oldest church in the country, built before 801,
on a rocky hill rising abruptly from the river. On the Lahn, 1 V4 ^
220 RouU27, WEILBUIIG. From Cob lenz
faithei up, are the village and old castle of Dehrn (steamboat fioiu
Limburg, see p. 219). — 341/2 M. Eschhofen ; 36 M. Kerkerbach,
36^2 ^* Bimkel (370 ft.; Zur Lahnbahn^ plain), an ancient
town witli 1100 inhab., situated on both banks of the Lahn, com-
manded by an extensive old castle of the Princes of Wied, dating
from about 1159, perched on a rocky height, and now occupied by
the local authorities. On the hill opposite lies the village of
Schadeckj with an old castle (10 min. from the station; pretty
view). The vineyards on the steep banks of the Lahn below Bunkel
are the last in this region. — Near (38^2 M.) Villmar (Basting) are
considerable marble quarries. The Bodenatein, on the left bank of
the river, bears a sandstone statue, 8 ft. high, of Conrad I. (911-918),
by L. Cauer. — 43 M. Aumenau (410 ft.), with ironstone-mines and
slate-quarries. Near (441/2 M.) Furfurt rises the ruined castle of
Qrdveneck. After a succession of tunnels, bridges, and viaducts, the
train reaches —
50 M. Weilborg (Deutsches Haus, Traube, both very fair;
Nassauer Hof; Fension zum Romischen Kaiser y well spoken of), a
small town with 3700 inhab. , the residence of the Dukes of Nassau-
Weilburg down to 1816. Their chateau, built in the 16th cent, and
enlarged In 1721, picturesquely situated on a rocky eminence, is occu-
pied by the district-authorities. The Stadtkirche, near the chiteau,
built in 1707-11, contains the family vault of the ducal family.
To the S. is the entrance to the pretty WeilthaJ, up which a railway
runs vi& (2Va M.) FreienfeU. (4 M.) Bst$i'thausen . (6V» M.) Smtthausen,
(61/s M.) Weilmilnster^ and (8 M.) Ro?mitadt, to (10 M.) Lauhus-Esehbach.
From Freienfeld, with a ruined castle, a pleasant walk (2 hrs.) may he
made past the deer-park of Prince Solms, to Fhilippsteiny with picturesque
ruins of a castle, and BraunfeU (see below). — About 3 M. to the N.W. of
Weilburg, on a steep basaltic hill, rises the ruin of Mei^enberg (key at the
village-school; 20 pf.).
The wealth of the district consists in the presence of red iron-
stone , yielding 45-50 per cent of pure metal, between the layers of
slate. About 200,000 tons of ore are mined in the Weilburg district
yearly, in procuring which upwards of 2000 miners are engaged.
52 M. Lohnberg ; 56 M. Stockhausen. -^ 58 M. Braunfels. In
the neighbourhood are several iron-mines.
On a hill 2V« M. to the S. of the station of Braunfels Gocal railway;
carr. 3 Jt) is the small town (1500 inhab.) of BraunfeU (986 ft; ^ScMota-
HdteU with a terrace, R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens. 5-7 Ji ; Schifne Aussicht ;
Hdt. Seyb^ well spoken of; Solmser ffof, plain), the residence of the Prince
of Solms-Braunfels, whose extensive *Schloss^ dating in part from the
late-Gothic period, contains interesting old armour and other curiosities
(adm. 30 pf., free on Thurs.). Pleasant grounds; fine view from the tower.
— Charming walks in the surrounding woods, and longer excursions may
be taken.
60 M. Burgsolms. From (61 M.) Albshausen (Deutscher Kaiser)
we may walk in 1/2 ^^' *o the suppressed Premonstratensian abbey
of Altenberg, with its fine early-Gothic church (end of 13th cent.).
64 M. Wetzlar (475 ft.; Herzogliches Haus, in the town, very
fair, R. & B. 2Y2» ^' 2 .^; Hdtel fCaUwasser, comn^erciaL Kessel^
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
to Wetzlar. WETZLAR. 27. RouU. 221
botli near the station ; OrtenhacKs Restaurant^ wine), with 8900 in-
hab. , once a free imperial town, is picturesquely situated on the
Lahn opposite the mouth of the i)iW, ^j^ M. from the station. The
town extends along a height on the left bank. The most con-
spicuous building is the Caihedtal (at present under restoration),
the oldest part of which (N.W.) dates from the 11th cent., while the
N. side, the finest part, was erected in the 14th and 15th, and the
portals in the 15th and 16th centuries. The terrace planted with limes
is adorned, on the S. side, with a monument to soldiers who fell in the
Franco-Prussian war, by Lehr. When the church was converted into
a Gothic edifice, the two low Romanesque towers (*Heidenthiirme')
were left standing within the large unfinished towers of red sandstone.
The nave of the cathedral is used by both Protestants and Roman
Catholics, the choir hy the latter only. — On the terrace to the N.
is a War MonumevU. — To the S. of the cathedral, in the Butter-
markt, which is embellished with a bust of Goethe by Lehr, rises the
Guard HouaCy built of red sandstone. — The Reichskammergericht
(courts of justice), with the imperial eagle, is opposite the Herzog-
liches Haus. The building of the Archives ^ near the Hauser Thor,
finished in 1806, contains Prussian state-papers.
Goethe resided at Wetzlar for some months in 1772 , when he
was engaged in professional work at the Reichskammergericht, and
is said to have occupied a house , indicated by a marble tahlet , in
the narrow Gewandgasse, near the corn-market. Various events
here and in the environs suggested his * Sorrows of Werther'.
The original of Werther was a certain Herr Jerusalem, secretary to the
Brunswick embassy, who shot himself in a house (with two bow-windows) in
the Schiller-Platz, near the Franciscan church. The Deutsches Haus, or
Lodge of the Teutonic Order (reached by the street to the left of the new
guard-house, opposite the S. transept of the cathedral), was the residence of
Charlotte's father, named Buf!' the manager of the estates of the Order,
and still contains a room witli a few memorials of her. The house is
distinguished by an inscription ; apply for admission to the custodian, who
lives behind the cathedral. Outside the Wildbacher Thor is the 'Werther
Brunnen\ shaded by a venerable lime-tree, a favourite resort of Goethe,
by whom the pretty environs of Wetzlar have been highly extolled. A
broad road ascends on the left bank of the Lahn to (IV2 M.) Oarbenheim,
the Wahlheim of Werther, situated on a hill commanding a pleasant view
of the valley. Most of the old houses in the *Werther-Platz' in front of
the church were burned down in 1866. A monument here marks a
favourite seat of the poet. The traveller may return by the Bismarck Tower ^
commanding a fine view. — On the slope of the Stoppelberg (13l5 ft. \ view-
tower), 3 H. from Wetzlar, lies the pleasant village of Volpertshausen, in
a house in which (now a school) the ball described in Werther took place.
About 1/2 M. to the S.W. of Wetzlar rises the ruined castle of
Kalsmuntf which is said to he built on Roman foundations. At the
foot of the hill is the Schfltzen-Garten (keys of castle at Wald-
schmidt's, Schiller-Platz; 10 pf.).
From Wetzlar to Cologne or Qiessen, see R. 8 ; to Lollar, Cassel,
and Berlin, see Baedeker^ a Northern Oermany.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
222
28. Frankfort.
Railway Stationi. The Cbnt&al Station (PI. B, 4, 5), a large and
handsome building, with a good reataurant (D. from 12 to 2 p.m. 2 Jl)
and baths (1 Jf), lies on the W. side of the town. On the E. side of the
town is the Ost-Bahnhof (PI. H, 3) for trains to Hanau. Aschaffenbarg,
and Bavaria, which join the Central Station trains at Hanau, and also
for trains to Eberbach (Stuttgart). The Bebsa Station (PI. E, F, 6), in
Sachsenhausen, is the first stopping-place for the trains to Hanau, Fulda,
Bebra, etc. The Offenbach Station (PI. P, G, 5) serves the local trains
to Offenbach. — Gitt Agencies of the railways : Sehotten/eU A (7o., in the
Frankfurter Hof (see below); Inttmaiional Slewing Carriage Co., Kaiser-
Str. 1. — The hotels do not send omnibuses to meet the trains. Cabs
and tramways, see p. 22).
Hotels (all those of the first class have lifts and electric lighting, and
are generally heated by hot air). At the Central Station. ^HdTEL d^Amolb-
tbbbb, Bahnhofs-Platz , corner of Kaiser-Str., B. from 4, B. 1 •# 40 pf.,
D. at 1 o'cl. 4, from 6 to 8 o*cl. 5V3, pens, from 10 Jt ; ^hStel db Rdssib
(Pi. k; B, 5), Bahnhofs-Platz 4, R. 21/2^, B. IV4, D. 4 UT; •HdiBL Bhistol
(PI. vt B, 4, 0), with restaurant, caft^, and American bar, B ft B. fr >m i,
D. from 3 jk; *Gband-H6tel National (PI. 1 ; B, 5), B. 2Vs-iVt, B.lUT 20 pf.,
D. 3 •# ; *GBAND-HdTBL Continental (PI. m 3 B, 6), B- 2Va-6. B. IVi, D. 4-5 •# ;
Gbbmania (PI. q; B, 6), with garden, R. 2V2-4, B.l, D. 2V2-3V2Ur; •Savoy
Hotel (PI. h^ B, 5), a hotel garni, R.3-10, B. V^Ji; HdTEL Royal (PL x;
B, 4, 5), Kronprinten-Str., R. IVa-i*, B. «/*, I>- i^-^Ji; •Dbdtsohbb Kaisbk
(PI. Oi B, 6), Wiesenhiitten-PJatz 36, R. ft B. a-5, D. 21/*, pens. 6-8 •#;
RciGHSHOF, Hohenzollem-Str. 12, at the corner of the Nidda-Str.; Stadt
Fbankfubt (PI. r; B, 6), KOlneb Hof (PI. s; B, 6), Bahnhof-H6tel (PI. t;
B, 6), three unpretending houses in the Bahnhofs-Platz; Stuttoabtbb
Hof, Kronprinzen-Str. 59, R. VJr^^k. B. 1, D. iVj^S UT; Basblbb Hof
(ChristUehe* Hotpit), Taunus-Str. 36, R. iVr-5, B. s/^-l, D. l*/* UT. — In the
Town. •PALAST-HdxEL Fdbbtenhof (PI. b; C, 4), Qallas-Anlage 2, R. from 4,
B. li/s, d^j. 4, D, 5 Ulf; ^Fbankfubteb Hof (PI. a; D, 4), Kaiser-Plati, a
large establishment, with restaurant. American bar, post, telegraph, and
railway-offices, R. ft B.from 472, D. (1 p.m.) 4, pens, (in winter) from lOUlf;
•Hotel Imp£bial, Opem-Platz, with restaurant, new; •Swan (PL d; D, 3),
at which the peace of lOth May, 1871, was concluded, Steinwegl2, at the
Theater-Platz, R. 3-6, B. IV4, D. 3-3V2, pens, from 8 •#; •PabisbbHof (PL e ;
D, 3), Schiller-Platz 5, R. 3-7, B. IV4, D. 3-4, pens, from 8 UT. — •H6tel de
l'Union (PL f ; D, 3), Steinweg 9, R. 2V«-4, B. IV4, D. 3 •#; •H5tbl Dbexbl
(PL i ; F, 3), Grosse Friedberger-Str. 18, commercial, R. 2V2-3V2, B. IV4, D.
3 •#. — Taunus H6tel (PL w 3 D, 3), Grosse Bockenheimer-Str. 6-10, R. 2-4,
B. 1, D. IV2-2V2 •#; Centbal Hotel (PL g; D, 4), Kaiser-Piatz, at the corner
of Bethmann-Str., well spoken of, R. 2V2-4, B. 1, D. 2 UK; Pbinz Heikbich,
Scharnhorst-Str., R. 2-3 Jl; H6tel db Bbuxblles (PL u: D, 3), Grosse
Gallus-Str. 14; Dbbi Kai8Bb(PL p; D, 4), Grosser Hirschgraben 6, R. IVi-^t
B. >/« •# f WtBTTEMBEBQEB HoF (PL n ; E, 3, 4), Fahrgassc 41, with restaurant
(beer); Adgsbuboeb Hof, Vogelgesanggasse (PL E, 3. 4), unpretending;
Stadt Fbiedbebg, Grosse Friedberger-Str. 34, R. IV2-2 Ulf, B. 70 pf., D. IV2 •#,
fair; Gbunbb Badm, Grosse Fischergasse 4 (PL F, 4), R. IVrlVi) ^' ^ h •^•
Pensions, all very fair. MUe WhUe, Esshenheimer-Anlage 32; Mre.
Emerson. Bockenheimer-Landstrasse 7; Oermania^ Bockenheimer-Land-
strasse 64; Oranien, Beethoven-Str. 69 (5-9 •#); Fr&ulein Olga Clouth^
Beethoven-Str. 71; Pent. Internationale, Staufen-Str. 31 (5-7 •#); Miiropole,
Gallus-Anlage 1 and Gartnerweg 24 (4V2-7 Jf) ; A. Barth, Uiedenau 52 (4-6Ui() j
Pension Terminus, Mainzer-Landstrasse 51 (from 6*#); Vorster, Linden-Str. 17
(4-6 Ui(); Befm, Feuerbach-Str. 31, pens, from 30 •# weekly (for ladies and
families) ; Fraulein Klees, Bockenheimer-Anlags 21 (41/2-6 Jf).
Restaurants. Wine. ^'Malepartus, Grosse Bockenheimer-Str. 30, D. 2V2 Jf ;
•Buerose, Goethe-Str. 29 (1st floor), D. 2 ft 3 UK; Print von Arkadien, Grosse
Bockenheimer-Str. 9, with terrace, D. V/zJl; Wolf, Borsen-Platz 1 ; *FaUtaff,
Theater-Plat/ 7, D. from IV2 Jl; Bern/tard, Grosser Kornmarkt lU, with
i i
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Practical Notes.
FRANKFORT.
28, Route. 223
^uld-German'' drinkine-room on the apper floors at the Theatre (p. 234), at
the *Palm Garden (p.236), and at the ^Zoological Garden (p. !^5). — Continental
Bodega^ Schiller-Platz 2 (Spanish and Portuguese wines). — Frankfort Cider :
Silpt Alte Mainaergasse 29; Teutonia, Pauls-Platz 11. — Bkeb. Kaiserhof^
Goethe-Platz 6, D. 1 UT 70 A 2 •# 70 pf. (Pilsen beer, Vienna cuisine);
''Manehner Hofbrdu^ Haus Alemannia, Schiller-Platz 4, D.l VaUlf ; *Kaitergarten^
Opern-Platz 2a, with garden, much frequented in summer; Taunus^ Grosse
Bockenheimer-Str. 6, D. from iVt M; Zur Oper, Opem-Plat/ 2; Ldwfnhof^
Zeil 24; C(^6 Ne^^ Bihergasse 8 and Borsen-Platz, D. from 1 Ui( 20 pf. ;
Stadi Uhn^ Schafergasse 9; LOwenbrdu (*Brau8tiibr), Grosse Bockenheimer-
Sir. 2; Pilsener Bierhalle, Borsen-Platz 9; Pfungst&dter Bier?iallen^ Vilbeler-
Str. 26 and Groase Bockenheimer-Str. 29; Krokodil, Zeil 45, unpretending
and popular: TannMuser^ Kai8er-Str.71. Automatic Restaurants in the Zeil,
Kaiser-Str. (No. 69), etc.
Cafifts. *C!a/(rf Bauer^ Schiller-Str. 2, with mural paintings; *Brittoly in
the Pariser Hof (p. 222) ; Fahrig A Wolff, at the Hdt. Bristol (p. 222 ' ; Orphewn^
Neue Zeil 80; Goldtchmidty AUerheiligen-Str. 83 (Jewish); Kaieer-Cctfi.
Kaiser-Str. 58. — Oonfectionera. *i'. R. BilUchly, Kaiser-Str. 23 ; M. BUtschly,
.Ooethe-Platz, with ladies' caf€; Johner^ G<>ethe-S(p. 25; Lehr^ Opern-Platz;
H. Kwtt^ Steinweg 4 ('Frankfurter Brenten'). Chocolate : De Giorgi, Lieb-
frauen-Str. 3 ; ^Kakaostube' in the Goethe-Platz.
Pott and Telegraph 0£ace, in the Zeil (PI. E, 3; p. 225).
Oah Fares (from 11 p.m. to 6 a.m. double
fares) :
1-2 pera.
3 pers.
Jtpf.
UTpf.
- 60
-80
1-
120
1 —
120
1 80
2 -
- 25
-30
120
1 50
2 10
2 70
■-35
-45
4 pers.
UTpf.
1 40
1 20
2 —
-30
1 5'J
2 70
— 45
Drive in the let Zone (blue line) . . .
Drive in the 2nd Zone (red line) . . .
>/« hr. in the town
1 hr. in the town
Every additional 10 minutes
Vt lir. outside the town
1 hr. ou<sicle the town
Every additional 10 minutes
Luggage, 20 pf. for each ar icle over 20 lbs.
The Taxameter Cabs, distinguished by the tall hats of the drivers,
have a dilTerent tariff for engagements by time.
Eleotrio Tramways (10 pf., including transfers). The following lines need
alone be mentioned: 1. (white name-boards) Central Station (PI. B, 4)-KaiFer-
Str.-Zeil-Zoological Gsffden-Ost-Bahnho/ (PI. H. 3). — 2. (whiteboards) Central
5<atto»-Kalcer-Str.-Weis^frauen-Str.-Pauf<-P/a<-e(Pl. E,4). - 3. (white boards)
(?«n/ra/ ig<a«on- Kaiser-Str. -S chill ei-Plafz (PI. D, 3)-E.«chenhciiDer-Thor-
Eschenheimer-Landstrasse(PJ.D,2.1)-^o;^Aa««en-iSf^.— 4.(whiteboard3)(7«»<raZ
i»««on-Mainzer-Landstpasse-Opem-Platz (PLC, 3, 2)- PaI«»Grard«w(Rossert-Str. ;
PI. A, 1). —5. (green boards) (?«»<raf /8fte/to«-Feuerbach-Str. (PI. B, 3,2)-Brcken-
heimer-Landstrasse (Palm QrardLen]-Bockenheimer War «.— 6. (blue b )ards) Palm
Garden (Rossert-Str. ; PI. A, l)-Opem-Platz-Goethe-Slr.-7ieil-Z<K>Zoi;'tcaZ Garden
(PL H, 2,3). — 7. (while boards) -8ocA:«n;i«tm«r fTarfe-Opem-Platz-Zeil-Berge: -
Str. (PI. G, H, 2, iyBornheitn. — 8. (gre:'n boards) Bockenheiiner TTarfg-Opern-
PlHtz-Ncue-Mainzer-Str.-Unter-Main-Brucke (PI. D, 6) - Sachsenhausen ((Offen-
bach Local Station). - 9. (yellow boards) Palm &ard«/» (Rossert-S I r.; PL A,l)-
Opem-Platz-Unter-Main-Briicke-iSacAxen/taiMeft (Local Station).
Light Sail way 8 : 1. Steam Tbamwat to Bschersheim and Beddemheim,
28 trains daily in 24 min. (comp PL D,2, 1) ; the line is now being extended
to Obervrsel. — 2. Elbcteic Eailwat from Sachsenhausen to Offenbach,
starting from the old Main bridge and stopping at Oberrad, every 20 min.
(fares 20, 15, 10 pf.). — 3. The Waldbahn (^Forest Line') is a steam-
tramway running from Sachsenhausen (Unter-Main-Briicke, PL D, 5, and
Offenbach Station, PI. F, 5) in three directions to the Frankfurter Stadt-
wald, the favourite point for short excursions ; stations. Forsthaut (restBMT&nt)^
Neulsenburg^ Hiederrad (p. 239), and Schwanheim (p. 240).
Baths. Warm at the "Stddtische Sch'cimmhad (PL F, 3), Allerheiligeii-
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224 Routers. FRANKFORT. History.
Str., at QreVsy Leonhardsthor (PI. E, 4), and at AlVs,k\i& Mainzergasse
(PI. D,S4). Turkish, etc., at Sachsenhausen, Schaumain-kai 41. River Baths
in the Main (PI. P, G, 4 and C, D, 5).
Theatres. "^Opsra House (PI. C, 2, 3; p. 233) and Town Theatre (PI. D, 3 ;
p. 225), both the property of the town (ticket-offices sJso at Schottenfels's,
Eaiser-Platz 17, and Fuchs's, Zeil 9). — Variety Theatre at the Orphevm,
Neue Zeil:;80-82.
Concerts. The Museums-Ossellscha/t gives 22 orchestral concerts in
the Saalban on Frid. evenings and Sun. afternoons in winter, and also
ten evening ^concerts of chamber-mnsic.
Permanent Exhibitions of Art at the Kunttverein (PI. D, 3), daily
9.30-6, holidays 10.30-1, (1 UT); Banger slPietwe Saloon, Kaiscr-Str. .66;
Sehneider^s Kunstsalon, Rossmarkt 23 ; Hermes^ Liebfrauen-Str. 8. — - Castan's
Panopticum, Kaiser-Str. 67.
British Consul: F. Oppenheimer, Esq.^ Consul General, Bockenheimer
Landstrasse 8; C. W. Sehu>are, Esq., Vice-Consul. — United States Consul:
Richard Ownthery Bsq.^ Consul Genera], Kaiser-Str. 49; George E. Murphy:
Esq.y Vice-Consul General; S. W. ffanauer^ Esq.^ Deputy Consul General.
English Church Service in the French Churchy Goethe-Platz 7, at 11.15
a.m. and 3.80 p.m. ; Chaplain, Rev, O. TT. Maekenne^ Korner-Str. 13.
Chief Attractions (one day). In the morning the Bossmarkt and (3k>ethe-
Platz and the monuments there, Goethe's House (p. 226), the Bomer (p. 227),
Cathedral (p. 229), the old bridge over the Main, and the Stadel Institution
(p. 286); afternoon. Palm Garden (p. 235); evening. Opera House (p. 238).
Frankfort on the Main (300 ft.l, with 305,000 inhab. (including
29,000 Jews and a garrison of 2200 soldiers), formerly a free town
of the Empire, lies in a spacious plain bounded by mountains, on
the right bank of the navigable Main. On the left bank of the riyer
lies Sachsenhausen, a suburb connected with Frankfort by five stone
bridges, and by an iron suspension - bridge. In a commercial and
still more in a financial point of view, Frankfort is one of the most
Important cities in Germany. The old part of the town consists of
narrow and unattractive streets, but the Zeil, the Neue Mainzer-Str.,
Kaiser-Str., Frieden-Str., etc., boast of many handsome modern
buildings. The town is surrounded by ^Anlagen\ or public grounds,
laid out on the site of the fortifications removed In 1806-12. Beyond
these are suburban streets extending to Bomheim on the N.E. and
Bockenheim on the N.W. The most fashionable quarter is the West
End, between the Taunus Promenades, the Bockenheim High Road,
and the West-End-Platz. The industrial interests are mainly con-
centrated in the S.W. part, beyond the Galluswarte (PI. A, 4, 5).
The air of wealth and importance which pervades the city affords an
indication of the success and extent of its commercial relations.
Frankfort is first mentioned in 793 as the seat of the royal residence
(*Pfalz') of ^Franeonofurd^ (ford of the Franks), and in 794 Charlemagne
held a convocation of bishops and dignitaries of the empire here. After
the erection of a new palace (comp. p. 228) by Louis the Pious in 822
the town soon reached such a high degree of prosperity that at the time
of the death of Louis the German (876) it was already looked upon as
the capital of the East Frankish Empire. In 1333 Frankfort had become
practically independent of the royal power, and in the i6th cent, it was
ofScially recognized as a ^free imperial town'. One of the most important
of the privileges which it received was the confirmation of the Easter
Fair in 1330; the Autumn Fair had been sanctioned by Frederick II. as
early as 1240. To these fairs the town owed the importance it eiyoyed
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a, Kaiyer-Slram. FUANKFOllT. 28. Route, 225
during the 16th and 17th cent, as a centre of domestic and foreign trade.
It was also the headquarters of the German book-trade down to the end
of the 18th century. From the time of Frederick Barbarossa (1152) on-
wards most of the German sovereigns were chosen at Frankfort, and in
1356 it was recognised by the Golden Bull of Charles IV. (p. 229) as the
permanent seat of the elections. On the dissolution of the Empire in 1806,
Frankfort was made over to Carl von Dalberg, Primate of the Rhenish
Confederation (previously Archbishop of Hayence), and in 1810 it became
the capita] of the grand-duchy of Frankfort, which included Aschaffenburg,
Hanau, Fulda, and Wetzlar. From 1815 to 1866 it was one of the four free
cities of the (j^erman Confederation and the seat of the Diet, and in 1866
it passed to Prussia. The formerly Hessian town of Bockenheim \\as in-
corporated with Frankfort in 1895.
a. Kaiser-Strasse and Zeil.
The ^Central Bailway Station (PI. B, 4, 5), a large and hand-
some building by Eggert and Frantz (1883-88), is one of the finest
and most convenient stations on the Continent. It is richly adorned
with allegorical sculptures (Genius of Steam, Electricity, Agriculture,
Industry, etc.) and cost about 1,650,000^. Its erection, and the re-
moTal of the Western Stations outside the Taunus-Thor, have com-
pletely dianged the appearance of the S.W. part of the town. The
principal approach to the inner town from this side is the Imposing
Kaiser- Stbassb (PI. B, C, D, 4). At the point where this street
crosses the Gallus Promenade (PL C, 4) are a Clock Tower and (to
the right) the New Theatre (p. 234). The street then leads via the
Kaiser-Platz, with its tasteful fountain, to the Rossmakkt (PI. D, 3),
in the W. half of which rises the Monument of Qutenherg^ erected in
1858, a fine group on a large sandstone pedestal, designed by Ed. von
der Launitz. The central figure with the types in the left hand is
Gutenberg, on his right Fust, on his left Sohoffer. On the frieze
are portrait - heads of fourteen celebrated printers, with Caxton
among them. In the four niches beneath are the arms of the four
towns where printing was first practised, Mayeuce, Frankfort, Venice,
and Strassburg. Round the base are figures representing Theology,
Poetry, Natural Science, and Industry.
The Gobthb-Platz (PI. D, 3), which adjoins the Rossmarkt on
the N. , is embellished with Schwanthaler's Monument of Qoethe,
erected in 1844, twelve years after the poet's death. The reliefs on
the pedestal in front are allegorical; on the sides are figures £rom
Goethe's poems. — On the left is the French Reformed Church of 1792
(French service on Sun. at 9.30, English at 11.30 a.m. and 3.30
p.m.). — Farther on, in the Theater-Platz (PI. D, 3), rises the Old
Theatre (erected in 1782), which it is now proposed to pull down.
Adjoining the Rossmarkt on the N.E. side is the Schillbk-
Platz (PI. D, 3), with thQ Hauptwache^ built as a guard-house in
1729 but no longer used as such, and & Statue of Schiller in bronze,
from a model by Dielmann (1863). Among the handsome buildings
enclosing this square are the Bavaria, the Alemanrua^ and the Haus
zum Kaiser Karl. To the right rises the Katharinen-Kirche (PI. D, E, 3),
Baeukkku's Rhine. 15th Edit. 15jOOgle
226 Route 28, FRANKFOUT. h. Old Toun:
built in 1680 , with nameroas tombs (one of 1378) and modern
stained-glass windows from designs by Stelnle and Linnemann.
We now enter tbe Zeil (PI. £, F, 3), a broad and handsome
street, the busiest In Frankfort, consisting chiefly of attractive shops.
To the left is the handsome General Pott Office (PI. E, 3), built
by Ahrens and Prinzhausen in 1892-94 and adorned with groups in
copper by Hausmann. The monument to Emp. William I. in the
court, with a colossal bust, is by Krilger (1895). The old Palace of
Prince Thum and Taxis, built in 1731, which contained the assembly-
hall of the German Diet (Bundestag) down to 1866, now also belongs
to the post-offlce (entr., Grosse Eschenheimer-Str. 26).
The Liebfrauen-Strasse, the first cross-street on the 8., leads into the
heart of the Old Town. Immediately to the left stands the Bom. Oath.
Lieb/rauen-Kirche (Fl. E, 3; 16th cent.), with three old tombstones (one, in
the left aisle, of 1S22). The Liebfrauen-Str. is continued to the BSmerberg
(p. 227) by the Keue Krame, passing the Old Exchange (PI. E, 4).
Farther on the Schafergasse leads from the Zeil to the left to the
disused Cemetery of St Peter (p. 234), and the Bome-Str., beyond
the Afarfcct (PI. E, 3), to the right to the old Jewish quarter (p. 232).
— In the Nbub Zbil, to the left, are the Police Headquarters
(PI. F, 3), beyond which are the handsome Law Courts (PI. F, 2, 3),
a German Renaissance structure.by Endell (1884-89). — Friedberg
Promenade and Zoological Garden, see p. 235.
b. jThe^Old Town. Streets on the Bight Bank of the Main.
The picturesque network of streets in the Old Town affords a
good idea of the original Frankfort, though some of them have now
been cleared away to make room for new thoroughfares.
At Grosse Hirschgraben 23 is the *6oethe House (PI. D, 4), where
the poet was born (28th August, 1749) and spent his boyhood (open
on week-days 8-1 & 3-6, on Sun. and holidays 10-1; adm. 1 J#).
The house was purchased by the ^Deutsche HochstifV in 1863, and
has been restored to the condition in which it was after the altera-
tions made in 1765 (see 'Dichtung und Wahrheit').
The^GnouND Floob contains the dining-room and kitchen. The former
was also the room of Gatharina Elisabeth Goeihe (1781-1806), Goethe's
mother. ~ On the staircase are the *Boman Views' mentioned in *Dichtung
und Wahrheif.
FiBST Floob. The three rooms towards the street were those occupied
by Lieut Thorenc in 1769. The 'Karl August Boom' Q.) was occupied for
several days in 1779 by the Duke Charles Augustus of Weimar, when
visiting Goethe's parents. — Towards the court is the music-room.
Second Floob. The middle front-room contains the picture-gallery of the
poet's father. Councillor Johann Catpar Qoethe (1710-82), arranged as it was in
1756. To the left is his study, from the comer-window of which he could
watch the goings-out and comings-in of his son. To the right is the bedroom
of the poet's parents, and beyond is the room in which their illustrious son
Wolfgang was bom. — At the back is the room of Goethe's sister Cornelia
(1760-77).
Thibd Floob. ^ The middle front-room was the young Goethe's study,
where' he 'created'GStz, Clavigo. Werther, and Fanst. In the adjoining
room to the left is his puppet-theatre.
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Komer. FRANKFORT. 28, Route. 227
The archway in the court leads to the Goethe MuBeom, contain-
ing reminiscences of the poet's hoy hood and also of his later relations
with his native town. It is adorned with marble hnsts of him and
of his parents.
On the walls are the larger portraits of Goethe, his family, and others.
On the rear-wall are the ^Joseph Paintings' by Traaimann and 8eekatz. —
The show-cases and cupboards contain smaller relics, such as silhouettes,
autographs, MSS., drawings, letters, views of places mentioned in *Dichtung
nnd Wahrheit', etc. — The rooms above the museum contain the Ooethe
TAbrary of the Deutsche Hochstift (p. 226) , a specialized collection of the
classical period of German literature, with Goethe as its centre (20,000 vols).
We follow the Hirschgraben towards the S. to the Mint (PI. D, 4),
and then proceed to the left through the new Bethmann-Str. and
between the still unfinished additions to the Romer (see below), to
the Pauls-Platz (PI. E, 4), with the Church of 8t Paul (bell to
the right), a rotunda built in 1833, where the German parliament
of 1848-49 held its meetings.
The R5)fEBBBBO (PI. E,4), or market-place in front of the Romer,
which down to the end of last century no Jew was permitted to enter
(comp. p. 232), is the centre of the Old Town and was the scene of
those public rejoicings after the election of an emperor which Goethe
so graphically describes in his autobiography. The Justitia Fountain
In the centre, erected in 1543, and adorned with a stone figure of
Justice in 1611, was completely renewed in 1887 and furnished with
a figure in bronze. While the coronation banquet was being held in
the Romer this fountain ran for ii^hr. with red and white wine.
The "^dmer (PI. E, 4) is the name now applied to the Town
Hally which consists of a group of twelve separate old houses and
various large new buildings between the RSmerberg, the Romergasse,
the Buchgasse, and the BarfiissergasBe (open daily 8-7, 50 pf.; Mon.
& Wed. 10-1, free). Three of the houses in the Romerberg were
supplied in 1896-98 with new late-Gothic facades," with lofty gables,
from the plans of M. Meckel. These are the so-called Alt-Limpurg ,
at the corner of the Limpurgergasse, the seat in the 17th cent, of the
Influential patrician guild of that name; the JJaus zum Romer j prop-
erly so-called, fitted up in 1405, along with the *Goldener Schwan'
behind it, as a town-hall, with large halls on the groundfloor; and
the Hau8 Loewenatein. The Haus FrauenMein (r.), formerly the head-
quarters of another patrician society, has a painted facade in the
taste of the 18th century. The Sahhaua, at the corner of the Wedel-
gasse, has rustlca pillars and fine iron screens; the end-facade is
carved in wood. The Haus Wanebach^ Wedelgasse 3, is a character-
istic timber structure of the 16th cent., with a small and picturesque
court; it was restored in 1888-90. The facade of the Ooldener Schwan
dates from 1731. Beyond the court, in the Limpurgergasse, is the
Hau8 Silberherg, restored in 1898.
The new buildings (1900-1903) were designed by Von Hoven and
Nefier. The ^Siidbau", extending on the W. to the Buchgasse, with
15*
228 Route "28. FKANKFOUT. 6. Old Town:
its lofty tower, is in the German Renaissance style; the smallei
''Nordbau\ which is connected with it by a bridge over the Beth-
mann-Str., is in the baroqne style.
Intebiob. The fine vaulting of the gateway in the Haus Silberberg
and the winding staircase in the court of the Alt Limpurg (160T)^ deserve
attention. — From the front hall the handsome KaUer-freppe (1742) ascends
to the left to the —
*KaiaerMkal(adm.freeonMon.andWed.,lC-l-, on other days, 9-6, by ticket,
50c., obtained in the court), where the new emperor dined with the electors
and showed himself from the balcony to the people assembled on the Bomer-
berg. The hall, which is covered with tunnel-vaulting in wood, was com-
pleted in 1411, repeatedly restored, and thoroughly renewed in 1838-63. It
IS embellished with Portraits of the Emperors, by Veit, Bend^niantty Les-
sinoy Rethel, Steinle, and other artists. Among the finest are Charlemagne
r768-814) by Ph. Veit(W. wall), and Frederick I. Barbarossa (1152-1190), by
Lessing, a figure full of minesty and repose. Above the portrait of Charle-
magne is the Judgment of Solomon by Steinle (1844). The marble statue of
Emp. William I. (d. 1888) is by Kaupert (1891). — We next enter the —
Wahlzimmer (election-room), remodelled in 1731-32, where the electors
met to deliberate on the choice of an emperor.
The new ^Sudbau", entered from the front hall, contains the Rathskeller;
above this and adjoining the Wahlzimmer is the Festsaal, approached by
the new Festtreppe, or grand staircase.
The S. side of the Rdmerberg is bounded by the Nicolai-Kirclie
(PI. E, 4), an elegant church of the 13th cent., with one aisle only
(N.), and a massive tower adjoining the choir. It was altered in the
late-Gothic style in 1450 and restored in 1842-46. Altar-piece, a
Resurrection by Bethel,
A little to the S. of the Romerberg is the old Fahr-Thor, to the
left of which, at the comer of the quay, rises the Rententhumif a
relic of the old fortifications erected in 1455. Adjacent is the Saal-
hof (Pl.E, 4), built in 1717, and occupying the site of an imperial
palace of that name ('caula regia'), which was built by Charlemagne
and renewed by Louis the Pious in 822 (comp. p. 224). The palace
was mortgaged by the emperors in the 14th cent. , and was frequently
altered, particularly in the 18th and 19th centuries, so that no ex-
ternal trace of the original edifice now remains. The only old part
is the Romanesque chapel (now a private room).
On the Main, a little lower down, is the Roman Catholic
Church of St. Leonhard (PI. E, 4), begun in 1219, probably on the
site of the royal grange , with a late-Gothic choir built in 1434,
the whole completed in 1507, and restored in 1808-11 and 1882.
The two Romanesque towers of the choir belonged to the original
structure. On that to the N. is seen the imperial eagle, said to have
been bestowed by Lewis the Bavarian on the abbey for services ren-
dered to him in defiance of the papal ban.
Interior (entr. in the V. aisle). The *Salvator-Ch6rlein', or chapel to
the left of the choir (1603)^ is notable for its vaulting with the detached
ribs. The two Romanesque portals in the left aisle formed the entrances
to the church before its extension. Over that to the E. is an old relief.
Ancient mural paintings, including a Last Judgment (restored) above the
triumphal arch. The altar-piece to the right of the choir is by Steinle.
Adjacent, at the entrance to the side-chapel, is a Last Supper by Holbein
the Elder (predella of the altar-piece mentioned at p. 231). i
. oogle
Cathedral. FRANKFORT. 28. Route. 229
On the Untermain Quay fNo. 15) is the Rothschild Library, open
11-1 and 4-8, Sun. 10-1.
The street called the Markt (PI. E, 4) leads from the Ro-
merherg towards the E. to the cathedral. At the corner of the
Romerherg, on the right, is the house Zum Orossen Engel, of 1662,
in the Gothic and Renaissance styles. Behind is the Niirnberger Hof,
a timber-built house with a Gothic passage and rich cross-vaulting.
To the left, Markt No. 44, the Steinerne Haus, a castie-Uke Gothic
building (1464), with round-arch frieze and comer-turrets, a statue
of the Virgin, and a fine vaulted gate. Adjacent, in the narrow court
of No. 30, are two carved friezes representing the Fall and the Pro -
digal Son, in the style of H. S. Beham (16th cent.). Nearly opposite
is the Tuchgaden^ where the guild of butchers offered a draught of
honour to the emperor when proceeding after his coronation from
the cathedral to the Romer. Farther on, Markt No. 5, is the Ooldene
Wage^ with a rich facade and a fine stucco ceiling on the upper floor.
Opposite is the Hatis zum Rebstock^ witli a picturesque court
The •Cathedral (5«. Bartholomew; Rom. Oath. ; PI. E, 4), origin-
ally founded by Lewis the German about 870 and reconsecrated
in 1239, is the oldest church in the city. The short Gothic nave and
aisles date from the rebuilding In 1236-39, the choir was erected in
1315-38, and the unusually long transept in 1346-53. The cloisters
were added in 1348-1477 and the tower in 1415. The Wahlkapelle
dates from 1355, having apparently been erected in connection with
the Golden Bull (p. 225) ; the late-Gothic Scheidkapelle in the S.
aisle, from 1487. The church was seriously injured by a fire in
August, 1867, but was restored in 1869-81 by the architect Den-
zinger. On that occasion the vault of the nave was raised, the
cloisters were completed from the old plans, and the tower, left un-
flnished in 1512, and now 312 ft. high, was finished from the designs
of the architect Hans von Ingjdnheim (1483), which had been dis-
covered in the municipal archives. The crowning of the tower with
an octagonal cupola surmounted by a spire is peculiar. In 1901-2
all the buildings surrounding and masking the cathedral were
cleared away.
Interior. Access to the church is obtained by the N. portal (best time,
about lO-U s.m., dosed 11.80-2; good light necessary). — In the N. transept
are the Tombs of Johann von Holzhausen (d. 1393) and Rudolph von
Sachsenhausen (d. 1370). — The chapel adjoining the choir on the left
contains a terracotta group of the Death of Mary, presented in 1480. The
beautiful five-light window was executed by Dixon, after an ancient design
from Cologne. — In the chapel to the right is a Resurrection, conyerted
into an altar in 1855. Adjacent are a canopy (modern figure of the Virgin)
and a fine terracotta ciborium (14th cent.). — By the S. portal is the tomb
of Andreas Hirde (1518), with a relief of the Mocking of Christ. — The
frescoes in the transept, by Steinle and Liimemann^ represent events trom
the history of the town : the Council of Frankfort (794) j Reconciliation of
Otho I. and his brother Duke Henry (941) ; Conrad III. and St. Bernard of
Clairvaux (1147); Burial of Gttnther von Schwarzburg (1349); Capistrano
preaching repentance (1484) ; Albert Achilles of Brandenburg carried into
the meeting of the electors (I486); Coronation of Maximilian IT. (1664);
oogle
230 BouU 28. FRANKFORT. b. Old Town:
and the Imperial procession to the Romer. — Tlie coronation of the em-
perors used to be solemnised by the Elector of Hayence beneath the creas-
ing, originally before the altar that stood here until 1711. The rite of the
'raising to the altar' which took place immediately after the election, was
celebrated at the high-altar. To the right is the Wahlkapelle (election
chapel), where the actual election of the emperors took place; at the
entrance stands the beautiful monument of the German king, CMMher von
8clmarzhurg^ who died in 1349 at Frankfort, where he had taken refuge
trom his opponent Charles IV. The armorial bearings around it belong
to the families who erected the monument. The original inscription is in
old-Gorman, the new one in Latin.
The Ghoib is generally closed. The choir-stalls date from 1354. Above
them are ancient frescoes in the style of the Cologne school, representing
the life of St. Bartholomew, dating from 1407. The tabernacle in the choir
dates from the early 15th cent, and is perhaps by Modem Oertmer, the first
architect of the tower. To the right is a Crucifixion by Van Dyck.
The frescoes in the Navb, by SteinU and ZrtfMMmann, represent the
patrons of the church and other sabjects. — The ScMdkc^eUe (p. 229),
with stained-glass windows after ancient designs, contains representations
of the Seven Works of Mercy, executed by Qrdtt from Steinte* designs. —
The To WES commands a fine view (open in summer 7-7, in winter 9-4;
adm. 25 pf., Wed. A Sat. afternoons free). The chamber at its base is
painted as a vestibule or ^Paradise'.
On the outside of the N. wall of the choir is a large Chruciflxion,
executed in tufa in 1509 for the Frankfort patrician Jacob Heller.
The house Dom-Platz No. 4, to the £. of the cathedral, bears a
small relief of Luther^ in memory of the tradition that on his journey
to Worms (p. 282) he preached a sermon here.
To the S.,Weckmarktl, are the Mimicipal Record Office (ilrc/itt?-
gebdude; PI. E, 4), built In 1874-77 from designs \)y Denzinger^ and
the old Leinwandhaus (or Drapers' Hall), dating firom the end of the
14th cent., restored in 1892 and again In 1900-2. The upper story
of the former contains the historical archives, while the lower story
and the entire Leinwandhaus are devoted to the ^Municipal His-
torical MusBUM (open free on Sun. and Wed., 10-1, and on the
1st & 3rd Sun. in each month, 2-4; other days, 9-1 & 3-6, 50 pf.).
Most of the rooms are poorly lighted. Director, O. ComiU; good
*Guide' (1902) 60 pf.
Boom I. {Entrance SaU of the Archive Building). Municipal banners
(16-18th cent.), civic uniforms and weapons of Frankfort; instruments of
torture^ on the walls, tombs from the old St. Peter's Cemetery (p. 234)
and smith's work; stained glass of the 14-15th cent.; ^Giant's Column*
from Heddemheim. — Boom II. Ethnographic Collection. — Boom III.
Costumes of citizens from 1700 to 1860; Frankfort official costumes; doll's
house (1748); local costumes from the neighbourhood of Frankfort; peasant's
room from Hesse. — Boom IV. Egyptian Collection; Graeco-Italic vases and
bronzes ; objects from lake-dwellings in Switserland ; objects from tumuli
in the vicinity of Frankfort. — Boom V. Boman , Frankisb, and early-
German antiquities; vases, bronzes, glass, large Mithras-relief; Greek,
Etruscan, and Boman helmets. — Boom VI. Armour and wei^ons. — In
the Passags leading to the Leinwandhaus are smaller weapons.
Boom VII. On the ceiling, two large eagles from a canopy used at
coronations; eagle from the fountain on the B5merberg (p. 22 0; guild-
banners, guild-signs; state coaches and sleighs, an early type of veloci-
pede, etc. — Chap£l (formerly the Debtors' Prison). Old choir -stalls
(1622) and pulpit; stained glass (13th cent.). — Through the corridor to
the right we reach Boom VIII, which contains ^Paintings by early-German
masters (16-16th cent.), etc. Ou the main wall to the right are 16 sections
Histor. Museum. FRANKFORT. 28. Route, 231
of a lai^e altar-piece (the Passion) painted in the studio of Sans HoWein
the Elder in 1501 for the former Dominican church. 2nd Central Section :
320-335. Lotaer Rhenish School. Series ot paintings (end of the 16ih cent.), from
the Carmelite church. 3rd Section: Conrad FyoUi'i)^ 269. Virgin and Child
\rith St. Anna, 260, 261. Birth and Death of the Virgin; 265. Old copy,
by Jobtt Harrich of liuremberg, of Diirer*t celebrated Assumption, which was
painted in 1509 for Jacob Heller, purchased in 1615 by Elector Maximilian
of Bavaria, and destroyed by fire at Munich in 1674 (the wings are the
originiJ productions of Diirer^s studio). 4th Section : 273-275. Sems Baldung
Orien^ Baptism of Christ. On the rear-wall : no number, Style of Rogier
van dtr Weyden, Small altar-piece \ 303, 309. M. GHlnewaldy SS. Cyriac and
Lawrence (grisaille); 299. Franconian School^ Presentatioa in the Temple
(16ih cent.). In this room are also chests and cabinets (15-17th cent.),
small examples of ecclesiastical art (12-16th cent.), albums (17-18th cent.),
and patents of nobility (18-i9th cent.). — Through the corridor to the right
we reach Room IX. Portraits of citizens of Frankfort (17-18th cent.),
ecclesiastical vestments (14-18th cent.), etc. — Boom X. Zinc, copper, and
brass work (17-19th cent.), musical instruments (16-19th cent.), etc. » We
turn back to the Gosridos. The glass-cases contain articles connected
with the Jewish ritual, mediaeval church utensils, guild paraphernalia,
astronomical and optical instruments, and the old standard weights and
measures of Frankfort when a free city. -^ Stabicase: Old views and
plans of.Frankfort.
First Floor. The cabinets in the Cosbidob contain masonic insignia,
views of Frankfort, seals, coins, etc. Among the old documents is the ^Golden
Buir (see p. 224). rortraits of emperors; Coronation of Josephl. — Boom XI.
Iron-work ;90erman stoneware and fayence; Italian majolica; guild bowls
and goblets ; table-service by Wengel Jamniixer of Nuremberg. The corner
cabinet represents a citisen^s room of the 18th century. — We return through
the corridor to Room XII. 1st Cabinet : French stove in the ^JEmpire' style ;
room from the Neue Krame in the same style; ivory carvings; paintings
by Frankfori artists (17-19th cent.). 2ad A 3rd Cab. : Paintings, the best
of which (beside the first window in Cab. 3) is a Madonna in an arbour of
roses, of the ScTwol of Meister Wilhelm of Cologne (d. 1378). Here are also
watches (i8-19th cent.), snuff-boxes, and trinkets (17-19th cent.). — Boom XIII.
Glass (15-I9th cent.). 1st Cab. : Views of Frankfort, including a Panorama
of Frankfort in l8il, by MorgentUm (pen-and-ink sketch); miniatures.
2nd Gab.: Room from the Krnggasse; in the centre a French pianoforte
in the 'Empire' style. 3rd Cab. : Fans ; memorials of Borne, the author
(p. 23i).
To the S.E. of the cathedral, in the Fahrgasee, is the late-
Gothic Hau8 zum Furtteneck (No. 17). — At the S. end of the
Fahrgasse, with its plctaresqne old houses, is the Old Bridge
(PI. F, 4) over the Main, constructed of red sandstone and 870 ft.
In length. It Is mentioned In a document of 1222, hut has heen
several times restored. The middle of the hridge Is embellished
with a Statue of Charlemagne (1843). Near it is a medissval iron
cross, with a figure of Christ. The presence of the cock which sur-
mounts It is explained hy the tradition, that a cock hecame the
victim of a yow made hy the architect, to sacrifice to the devil the
first living being that crossed the hridge. •— For Sachsenhausen,
see p. 236.
The quay flanked with lofty houses , which extends along the
right hank of the river, is called the Schone Aussicht (PL F, 4).
A tablet on No. 17 indicates the house in which the philosophp-
Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) lived in 1843-59 (the dates on
tablet are wrong). At the upper end, the Upper Main Bridge^ 1
232 Route 28. FRANKFORT. c. Norlhern Part
in 1878 by Lauter, crosses the river. In front of it are a Bust of Les^
sing^ in marble, by Kanpert, and the —
^ Town Library (PL G, 4), built by Hess In 1820-25, with a con-
spicuous Corinthian portico, and altered and enlarged in 1891-98 by
Wol/f. On the attic stories of the wings are eight statues of pro-
minent citizens of Frankfort; and in the pediment is a fine group
by Schierholz. Director, Prof, Fr. Ebrard.
In the Intbbior, at the foot of the staircaae, is a marble Statue of
Ooethe, by P. Marchesi (1838), besides which there are bnets in marble of
Brentano, Bdhmer, Bavigny^ and other Frankfort celebrities. The ceiling-
painting is by F. Kirehbach. — The library contains about 215,000 vols.,
an exhibition of valuable HSS., printed wot^b, bindings, etc. (the latter
open free, week-days 10-12, Sun. and holidays 11-1 j catalogue 10 pf.). The
handsome Reading Room., with an extensive reference library and a good
supply of newspapers, is open on Mon -Frid. ^O-l and 4-8, Sat. 10-1.
At the back of the Library, Lange-Str. No. 4, is the Hospital of
the Holy Ohost, In the grounds adjoining the Rechnel-Graben (pond ;
PI. G, 3, 4) Is a Bust of Schopenhauer (p. 231), erected In 1895.
From the Rechnel-Graben the Rechneigraben-Strasse leads to the
W. to the Borne-Platz, in which is a Synagogue ^ built in 1881. At
the N.W, corner of the square diverges the Borne-Strasse (PI. F, 3),
formerly the Judengasse, the dingy houses of which have been
removed with the exception of the old House of the Rothschild Family
(No. 26, to the right).
Down to the regime of the Prince Primate (p. 225) in 1806, the Juden-
gasse, or Jews' Street, was closed every evening, and on Sundays and
holidays throughout the whole day, with lock and key, and no Jew might
venture into any part of the town under a heavy penalty. In spite of
this tyranny, many denizens of these squalid purlieus flourished, and among
fhem the now enormously wealthy Rothschild famify.
At the end of the BSme-Strasse stands the old Synagogue^
erected by Kayser in 1855-60. The Bornheimer-Strasse leads hence,
joining the Fahrgasse (p. 231), to the Zeil (p. 226).
c. Northern Fart of the Inner Town.
From the S.W. corner of the Rossmarkt (p. 225) the Grosse
Gallus-Strasse (PI. D, 3, 4) leads to the old Taunus Gate. To the
left is the house (No. 19; memorial tablet) In which Otto von Bis-
marck lived when Prussian ambassador to the Diet In 1852-58. —
At the end of the street we turn to the right into the Nbub Mainzer
Strassb, in which, to the left (No. 49), stands the building of the
Polytechnic Soiiety^ containing (on the 1st floor) the *Miiseam of
Art and Industry (PI. 0, 3), a collection of considerable value (open
10-5, on Sun. & holidays 10-1.30; adm. 50 pf., free on Sun. &Wed. ;
closed on Mon.).
Boom I. Modem art. Medals and plaquettes by Roty^ Chc^lain^ and
others. Acquisitions from the Paris Exhibition (1800).
Boom II., with Benaissance panelling. Book-bindings, from the Gothic
period onward; leather hangings (n-i9th cent.). — Boom III. *Panelling
from the Ilaus zum Fursteaeck (p. 13 U), dating from 1615 (ceiling only a
plaster cast).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
of Inner Toxm. FRANKFORT. 28. Route, 233
Rooms IV & V. Plaster casts. — Room VI. Exhibilions (changed
periodically) from the Library (see below). We turn back to Room I
and enter —
Room VII. Iron-work: railings, door-knockers, locks, keys, etc. —
Room VIII. Costly stuffs, including Coptic fabrics of the 5-8th centaries.
Boom IX. Wood-carvings; tapestry (15th cent.). In Sec. A: elaborately
carved Renaissance cabinet from Lyons (16th cent.) ^ Italian wedding-chests
(if the early Renaissance (ca. 1480); Florentine ciborium, in the style of
Desidei-io da Settlgnano; Italian majolica, including a plaque from Faenza,
representing the Crucifixion, after an engraving by AgosUno de" Musi (1521),
a pupil of Marcantonio; Italian Renaissance door-knockers. Sec. B : German
and Dutch Renaissance furniture (16-1 7th cent.): inlaid cupboard from
Bothenburg (2nd half of i6th cent.), Dutch oak linen -chest (ca. 1600);
ebony drug-chest from Augsburg (17th cent.); German stoneware. Sec. C:
furniture (17ih and early 18th cent.) ; 'Altar of the Prelates', from Mayence
(1720), with fine intarsiawork and (modern) silver reliefs; Entombment, a
relief in lead by R. Donner. In the centre, modern and other glass.
Room X. Furniture and carvings (18th cent.), including a rococo
console-table (ca. 1720) ; German, French, and Delft fayence ; English stone-
ware; fine porcelain from Hochst. — Room XI. Oriental work: Persian
and Turkish fayence; Persian glass (18-lbth cent.) and tiles (13-16th cent);
Spanish-Mauresque majolica; Japanese pottery, lacquer-work, and bronzes.
On the walls, Oriental fabrics.
Room XII. Linel Collection of furniture, porcelain, etc. : Dutch cabinet
in red lacquer (I8th cent.); French escritoire in the style of Louis XVI.;
Dresden and Frankenthal porcelain (* Allegorical Group) ; works in tin ;
German stoneware; two 'Reliefs, in ivory, wood, and marble, by Saber-
#/«mp/ (171-4 ; Susanna, Joseph and Potiphar's Wife). — Watches, snuff-boxes,
and trinkets.
Room XIII. Works in metal. In the centre, reproductions of old gold
and silver plate. In the wall-cabinet, small antique works of art; repro-
ductions of the silver treasures found at Hildesheim and Boscoreale. — The
articles exhibited in Rooms XIV and XV are periodically changed.
The adjoining building on the left contains, on the Ist floor, the
Library of Art and Industry (open Tues. to Sat., 10-1 and 6-9, In
winter also on Sun., 10-1 ; Director, Dr. Stader).
Farther on are the Bank of Trade and Indufftry (I.), the Imperial
J5anfc(r.), and the Frankfort Bank (1.). — In the Junghof-Str., which
here diverges to the right, are the Saalhau^ by H. Bumitz, for con-
certs and balls (Nos. 19, 20), the Deutsche- Vereins-Bank (No. 11),
and the Frankfort Art Union (No. 8; adm., see p. 224). The
Junghof-Str. ends at the Rossmarkt (p. 225).
Near the old Bockenheimer Thor rises the magnificent "'Opera
Honse (PI. C, 2, 3), designed by Lucae (d. 1877), and opened in
1880. It can accommodate 2000 spectators. The sculptures in the
pediment in front are by Kaupert^ those at the back by Rumpf, both
of Frankfort. Most of the mural paintings in the interior were exe-
cuted from cartoons by Steinle ; the drop-scene, representing the
Prologue to Faust, is by Beer and Grdtz (after Steinle) ; and the
proscenium-frieze by 0. Donner von Richier. — Opposite the Opera
House, in th# Taunus Promenade (p. 234), is a Monument to Emp.
William /., by Buscher, erected in 1896. — From the Opern-PIatz
to the Palm Garden, see p. 235.
We now return through the Grosse-Bockenheimer-Str. or the
new and busy Qoethe-Strasse (PI. D, 3) to the Theater-Platz (p. 226).
«d by Google
234 Route 28. FRANKFORT. d. Promenades
The Borsen-Str. leads hence to the left to the New Exchange (^Neue
Borse; PI. D, 3), built by Bumitz and Sommer in 1879, with a
handsome Renaissance hall (business-hours 12-2). The N.E. and
W. galleries contain a Commercial Museum (9-6, adm. 50 pf.). — The
modest house at the end of the B8rsen-Str. (No. 19) is the pro-
visional abode of the Academy of Social and Commercial Science
(founded in 1901).
The SchlUer-Str., which starts from the Schiller-Platz (p. 225)
and skirts the E. side of the Borsen-Platz, leads to the old Eschen-
heimer Thor (PI. D, 2). The circular Eschenlieiiiier Tharm (PI. D,
E, 2), erected in 1400-28 on the site of an earlier square tower,
is the finest of the few ancient tower - gateways of the city now
extant. — In the Bleich-Str., a few yards to the E. of the tower,
is the Senckenberg Institution (PL E, 2 ; open free on Sun. and
Frid., 11-1, and Wed., 2-4; on other days fee 50-75 pf.), founded
in 1763 by Johann Christian Senckenberg, a physician of Frankfort.
It comprises a fine Natural History Collection, a Library, a Botanic
Garden, an Anatomical Theatre, and a Hospital,
Farther along the Bleich-Str. stands the Protestant Chnroh of
St. Peter (PI. E, 2; 1893-95), built and fitted up in the Renais-
sance style that prevailed in N. Germany at the period of the Refor-
mation. The tower is 265 ft. in height. The principal entrance is
in the Bleich-Str. The S. termination of the terrace , behind the
choir of St. Peter's, is formed by a "War Monument, erected in 1878
to the memory of the natives of Frankfort who fell in 1870-71, cast
in bronze from a model by Eckhard, — To the S. is the old St. Pbtbk^s
Cbmbtbby (Pl.E, 2) containing the tomb of Goethe's mother (p. 226)
and an ancient group of the Crucifixion.
We now either return by the Schafergasse to the Zeil (p. 226),
or proceed to the N.E. along the Vilbeler-Strasse to the old Fried-
herger Thor (PI. F, 2; p. 235).
d. The Promenades and Outer Quarters of the City.
The Pbomenades (p. 224) encircling the old town are embel-
lished with statues of eminent and patriotic citizens of Frankfort
(names, see Plan). Among them may be singled out that of Senator
Ouiollet, creator of the Promenades, in the Taunus Promenade (PI. 0,
3, 4 ; band in summer, 12-i), near the Emperor William Monument
(p. 233), and Ludwig Borne (1786-1837), the author, by Kaupert,
in the Bockenheim Promenade (PI. 0, D, 2).
In the Gallus Promenade (p. 225 rises the New Theatre (PI. D, 4),
built in 1900-2 after designs by H. Seeling. It holAs 1200 spec-
tators. The sculptured figures and reliefs on the facades are in-
spired by Goethe's 'DichtungundWahrheit'; the *Dichtung' group on
the main facade and the reliefs on the S. facade are "by Vamesi, while
the 'Wahrheit' group and the reliefs on the N. fa^adejare by Haus-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
and duUr Quarters. FliANKFORT. 28. BouU. 235
mann. The sculptures in the pediment are by Klimsch. The promi-
nent gilded dome, 169 ft high, is surmounted hy a copper statue
10 ft. in height, representing Frankfort as Protector of the Arts,
after Herold. A garden and a large restaurant adjoin the theatre.
In the Bockenheimer Landstrasse, 1 M. from the old Bocken-
heimer Thor (p. 233 ; electric tramways), is situated the Talm Garden
(PI. A, i), a pleasant park containing a large palm-house, extensive
conservatories, a rose-garden, cycling track, lawn tennis courts (skat-
ing in winter), etc. Adm. 1 Jf, Sun. 50 pf. Concerts in the afternoon
and evening. ^Restaurant, see p. 222. — In the Beethoven-Strasse,
to the left of the Bockenheim road, is the ChrUtus- Kirche (PL A, 2),
built by Kauffmann iu 1883. — The Brentano-Platz (PI. B, 2)
contains a monument to Clemens Brentano (1778-1842), the poet.
Outside the Eschenheimer Thor, at Eschersheimer Landstrasse
No. 4 (railway to Eschersheim, see p. 223), is Dr. Hock's Corner-
vatorium of Music.
The Eckenheimer Landstrasse (PI. F, 1: electric tramway, see p. 223),
diverging to the N. from the Eschenheim Fromenade, leads to the (1 H.)
Cemetery, which it entered by a Doric colonnade with an imposing gate
and contains a number of well-executed monuments.
The Abcades on the £. side contain the vaults of some of the prin-
cipal families of Frankfort. Kear the middle is a relief by Fradier. The
last vault to the left (key kept by the custodian ^ 60 pf.), belonging to the
von Bethmann family, contains an admirable *Belief by Thorvaldten to the
memory of a Herr von Bethmann who died at Florence (1812) of an illness
caused by his exertions on the occasion of a fire at Baden near Vienna.
On the N. side rises the Mausoleum of Elector William II. of liesse
(d. 1847) by Husemer^ containing a crucifix in marble by Zwerger^ and two
marble sarcophagi with lifesize figures of the prince and his wife by
Launitt, Two other monuments near it are to the memory of the soldiers
and insurgents who fell in 1848. To the left of the main entrance is the
tomb of the philosopher Schopenhauer (d. 1860).
Immediately to the E. of the new cemetery is the Jewish Burial
Ground, open daily except Saturdays. On the K. side is a large marble
sarcophagus with Hebrew inscriptions, by LavniU. to the memory of Carl
M. von Bothtchild (d. 1855).
The Hessian Monument (PI. F, 2), outside the Friedberger
Thor, was erected by Frederick William II. of Prussia to the Hes-
sians who fell on 2nd Pec, 1792, in the attack on Frankfort, then
occupied by the French under General Custine.
On the opposite side of the Friedberg road is Bethmann^s Mu-
seum (PI. F, 2 ; open in summer 10-1 and 3-5, on Sun. & holidays
and in winter 11-1 j fee 60-76 pf.), a circular building containing
several sculptures, among them ""Ariadne on the panther (1814), the
masterpiece of Dannecker of Stuttgart (d. 1841). — The Luther-Kirche
(PI. G, 1) was built in 1894, after plans by Kauffmann and Neher.
On the former Pfingstweide, outside the Friedberg Promenade,
and reached by electric tramways Nos. 1 & 6 (p. 223), is the
^Zoological Garden (PI. H, 2, 3 ; Bestaurant)^ with its extensive
grounds, large assembly hall, and terrace. The tower commands a
fine *\riew. In the sunk floor of the artificial ruin is a salt-water
aquarium (50 pf.). Adm. 1 Jf ; concerts in the afternoon and even-
2^6 RouU 28, FRANKFORT. e, Sachsenhausen:
ing. — The Sckutzenhrunnen in the square to the W. of the Zoological
Gardens commemorates the 'Schiitzenfeste', or national rifle com-
petitions, held at Frankfort in 1862 and 1887.
e. SadLsenhansen.
On the left hank of the Main lies the suhurh of SachsenhauBen
(p. 224), said to have heen founded hy Charlemagne, and assigned
hy him as a residence to conquered Saxons. To the left, on the
Main, is the Deutsch-Ordenshaus (PI. F, 5), or House of the Teu-
tonic Order, erected in 1709. A little to the E. are the large Cattle
Market and Slaughter Home, To the right is the Church of the
Magi (PI. E, 4), rehuilt by Denzinger.
Farther down the river, on the handsome Schaumain Quay, is
the *8t&del Art Institute (PI. D, 5), an establishment to which
Frankfort owes its high rank In the artistic world. It was founded
by Joh, Fried. Stddel (d. 1816), a citizen of Frankfort, who be-
queathed his pictures and engravings, his houses, and his fortune
to the town, in order to found a School of Art (now attended by
about 200 students). The collections, which are continually being
added to, consist of pictures, engravings, and drawings by eminent
masters, and numerous casts. The handsome building now occupied
by the collections was erected with the surplus funds of the institu-
tion from the designs of Oscar Sommer^ and was opened in 1878.
It consists of a large central building in the Italian Renaissance
style, with a fine portal approached by a broad flight of steps, a
dome, and two projecting wings. The material is gray sandstone.
The six large reliefs above the round -arched windows are very
effective. Open daily except Mon.; free on Tues., Thurs., Frid., &
Sat. 10-1, Sun. 11-1, & Wed. 11-4, at other times i Jf ; catalogue
1 Jf, Director, Dr, H. Weizsdcker^ the first volume of whose elab-
orate catalogue (the old masters; ^^j^Jf) was issued in 1900.
Ground Floor. The octagonal Vbstibdlb contains casts from the
tomb of Maximilian I. at Innsbrack. — The rooms to the left of this are
devoted to the Libraiy and the collections of Drawings and Engravings ;
the latter collection, containing 60,000 specimens, is one of the finest in
Germany (adm. Taes.-Sat. 11-1, and, except Thurs., 5-7). — The rooms
on the right contain Casts of ancient, mediaeval, and Renaissance sculp-
tures. In the middle of the room are a few Greek vases and (No. 131) a
*Shield of Hercules in bronze, modelled by L. von Sehwanthaler from He-
siod's description. The ante-room to the left contains (Ko. 99) a Terra-
cotta Altar ascribed to Giorgio AndreoU of Gubbio (1511 ; colouring revived)
nd a "^Madonna (in sandstone) by T. Riemensehneider (Ko. 126), probably
the most perfect single figure by that master.
Upper Floor. Straight in front of the staircase we enter an Antx-Koom
containing a bust of Stadel, by Zwerger^ and a few casts. The other rooms
are occupied by the —
**Picture Gallery (the old masters on the left and the modern
works on the right). It is especially rich in specimens of the early-Flemish
School (15th cent. ; Boom III) and in Dutch paintings of the 17th century.
The gem of the numerous North Italian works of the 16-16th cent, is
the splendidly coloured masterpiece of Moretto (No. 46 , Koom II). The
early -German schools are scantily represented. Among the modem
Stddel OaUery. FRANKFORT. 28. Route. 237
works are numerous paintings of the older Diisseldorf School, and of the
so-called ^lTazarenes% of whom Ovevbeck at Rome was the chief, as well
as a few examples of other German and foreign masters recently added. —
The names of the artists appear on the picture- frames.
To the left of the staircase, through Corridor X, we enter —
Room I (comer-room). Early Spanish and Italian Masters (14-15th cent,)-
la. Spanish School, Madonna, from Teruel (ca. 1400) \ 7. Fra Angelica, Ma-
donna enthroned with angelic musicians*, 15. Fiorenzo di Lorenzo y Madonna
enthroned, with SS. Christopher and Sehastian; 33, 34. Carlo CriveUi, An-
nunciation (parts of a large altar-piece now at Milan). Also several Flor
entine reliefs of the Madonna (15th cent.).
Room II. Italian and Spanish Masters. To the left: 48a. THtianO),
Portrait-, *57. Velazquez^ Cardinal Gaspar Borgia, marked hy delicacy of
psychological characterization and yigorous colouring \ 58. Velazquez (studio-
piece), The Infanta Margarita, daughter of Philip IV. and consort of
Emp. Leopold I. ; *58a. Coello, Charles 11. of Spain. — 20. Lombard School
(Bart. Veneto?), St. Catharine of Alexandria-, 39. Oima da Conegliano,
Madonna -, 69. Spagnoletto, Susannah 5 •42. Parmigianino, Portrait of a lady ^
**46. MorettOy Madonna with the four Latin Church Fathers, SS. Gregory,
Jerome, Amhrose, and Augustine (damaged to some extent) ; 16. Perugino,
Madonna; 19. Macrino d'Alba, Triptych for an altar ('a tempera'): the
Virgin, with SS. Joachim and Anna on her left, and on her right St. Joachim
receiving the promise. — 47. Moroni, Dominican monk; 22a. Correggio,
Madonna of Gasalmaggiore (spoiled); 52. Canaletto, Palace of the Doges at
Venice. — 9. Verrocchio, Madonna and Child (studio-piece) ; 14a. A. Bronzino^
Portrait; 44. JUoretto, Madonna enthroned, with SS. Anthony and Sebastian ;
18. Bat^. VenetOy Portrait.
Room III fto the right of Room II.), Earlier Flemish and German
Masters (15-l6th cent.). To the left of the entrance: •'*98. Jan van Eyck,
^Madonna of Lucca\ formerly in the possession of the Duke of Lucca;
•99. Petrus Cristus (a pupil of Jan van Eyck), Madonna (1457); 110. Gerard
Dcmd, Annunciation; 101. Rogier van der Weyden, Three sections of an
altar-piece of St. John (replicas of the paintings in the Berlin Museum);
Matter of FUmalle, 103. St. Veronica, *104. Virgin and Child, 1C2. (opposite),
Trinity (grisaille, parts of a large altar-piece from Fl^malle), 105. Penitent
Thief (fragment of a larger picture). — Entrance-wall: 108a. Dirk Bouts^
Maddiiia and Child ; •100 Rogier van der Weyden^ Virgin with 88. Peter, John
the Baptist, COsmas, and Damian, probably painted about 1460 for the Medici
in Florence; 108. Gerard David, St. Jerome before the Cross; *97. Dirk Bouts,
The Tiburtine Sibyl foretelling the birth of Christ to the Emp. Augustus.
238 Route 28. FRANKFORT. e. Sacheenhauscn:
Cabinets IV (4c Y). Mostly ITetherl&ndish and German works of the
16th century. 93. Matter of the Death of the Virfftn, Pieti, St. Veronica,
.Toseph of Arimathna (a triptych ; 1524). — Cab. V: L. Cranaeh theJWer^
87. Graciflxion, 88. Venus (1532); 73. ffans Baldung Orien, Witches*
Sabbath (1523); 71. French School (16th cent.), Portrait; 85. A. JHtrer, Girl
of the Fttrleger family (copy of the Angsbnrg picture; freely retondbed);
95, 96. Barth. Bruyn the Elder, Portraits; 107. MemlingCl), 118. Q. UaUptO},
Portraits ; 83. A. DUrer (?), JoVs wife pouring water on him to alleyiate
his sufferings; 337. Adam Eltheimer, Paul and Barnabas at Lystra (early
work); *71. Solbein the Younger y Sir George of (Cornwall, holding a carnation.
Cab. VI (VII, & VIII). Netherlandish and German Works (t7th cent.),
288. /. van der ffeyde, Chateau oi Loenersloot (figures by A. van der Velde) ;
205. Adr, van Ostade, Bam (1656); 284 a. W. van de Velde the Younger. Sea-
niece ; *320. Adr. van de Velde^ Meadow beside a forest (early work ; 1668) ;
243. 8. de VUeger, The salute; 153. David Tenters the Younger^ The smoker;
204. Oerard Terhwrg, Woman drinking wine (damaged); •338. A. EUhtifoer^
I.andscape with Bacchus and nymphs ; 310. Ph. Wouverman^ Cavalier at the
door of a tavern. — Cab. VII: 157 c. Teniere the Younger , Amoretti in the
workshop of an alchemist; 308 a. A. Cugp, Dutch landscape; *147, *148.
A. Broutcer, Operations on peasants ; Jan Steen, 216. Alchemist about to
throw his last thaler and the silver ornaments of his weeping wife into the
crucible, *215. Man jesting with a girl; 208. Oer. Dou, Girl with a candle
preparing supper. — Cab. VIII. : 152. Teniers the Younger, St. Jerome. —
To the right is —
Room IX. Netherlandish Masters of the 17th century. To the left of the
door: 183. Rembrandt, David and Saul (ca. 1633); 260. Everdinaen, Storm
at sea. ~ *399a. TUOibein, Goethe in the Campagna (1787). — 195. Th. de
Keyter^ Equestrian portrait ; 184. F. Bol, Portrait (1644) ; 155. Tenters the
Younger, Rustic tavern ; 244. S. van Rupsdael^ The ferry ; •173, •174. Fremt
JTals, Man and his wife (1638); 181. School of Rembrandt, Parable of the
Labourers in the Vineyard (signature forged) j •149. A. Broutoer. A bitter
potion; Tenters the Younger, 151. (3attle, 166. Companionpicture to No. 155;
129. Rubens (?), Diogenes looking for a man (sketch); 808. /. O. Cuyp, Por-
trait of a boy; 830. J, D. de Beem, Breakfast- table; 322. Jan Weenix,
Hunting trophies (1681). — 252. Ph. Koninck, Landscape; 157 d. Tenters (he
Younger, Boors dancing. — 273. /. van Ruysdaeh Landscape (a late work);
•181. C. de 70S, Child in a small chair (1627); 320a. A. van de Velde, Stag-
hunt; 255. Aert van der Neer, Landscape (1652).; 206a. A. van Ostade, Pig-
killing (1637); 217. P. Janssens, Lady at a writing-table (signature forged);
*245. iSaJ. van J2t/y«daei, River-landscape; •157a. Tenters the Younger,l?lkjBitAtkn
in his study; 193. Aert. de GOder, Portrait of the artist (1686); 241. /. van
Qoyen, Harlem Meer ; •217a. Jan Vermeer van Delft, The astronomer ; 290.
M. Hobhema, Edge of a wood; 182. Ren^andt, Margaretha van Bilderdvk
(1633); 307. A. Cugp. Cattle; 127. Rubens, King David playing the harp ; 261.
Everdingen, Norwegian landscape with a saw -mill. — At the end of the
ri)om to the left is —
Corridor X. Mostly^unimportant works of various schools. 1st Sec. :
50. Tiepolo, Continence of Sdpio ; 51. B. Belotto, Venice from San Gio^o
Maggiore. — 2nd Sec. : 74a. B. Strtgel^ St. Catharine of Alexandria; 73a.
ff. Baldung Grien, Adoration of the Holy Child (ca. 1520); 116. Flemish School,
Revellers (1560) — 4th Sec. : German School (18th cent.). — 5th Sec. :
Netherlandish School (17th cent.). — We now cross the landing to
corridor XII, to the right of which is —
Room XI. Modern German works, including Overbeck's Joseph sold by
his brethren (471; cartoon for the fresco in Berlin) and water-colours and
cartoons by Ed. von Steinle.
Corridor XII. 1st Sec : 623. A. Burger, View of Frankfort (1875); no
number, H. Thoma. Landscape. — 2nd Sec. : "Thoma^ Eve; 467a. LunteschHU,
Schopenhauer (1866) ; 525. Burger^ Family prayer. — 8rd Sec. : 467b. Lord
Leighton, Portrait of himself (1852); 401. /. F. Morgenstem. Frankfort
harbour ; 450. C. Morgenstem, Bay of Villafranca. — 4th Sec. : 524. Burger,
Rustic meal ; no number, SchOnleber^ Architectural subject.
Room XIII. Lessing, 440. After the storm, 439. Crusader at rest
.oogle
Stadel GalUry. FRANKFORT. 28. Route. 239
441. Patriarchal Oak; 414. W. Schadow, The Wise and Foolish Virgins 5 460.
QalloU^ Abdication of Charles V.. a small replica of the picture at Brussels.
EooM XIV. Large *Fresco Dy Philip Veit (So. 416), representing the
^Introduction of Christianity into Germany', with fignres of ^Italia' and
^Germania' on thrones. This work, the masterpiece of the painter, com-
pleted in 1836, was skilfully sawn out of the wall in the old building and
transferred hither. — The room also contains numerous water-colours and
cartoons by Sieinle and recent acquisitions (Sieinhausen^ Landscape, The
artist's wife).
Boom XV. 413. Overbeck, The Triumph of Religion in the Arts (1840):
419. P. VeU, Repose on the Flight into Egypt; 405. /. A. Koch, Historic
landscape, with the Bape of Hylas; 429. Ridhkr^ Thunderstorm in the Sabine
Mountains (1830). We now enter —
Boom XXI. End -wall: *438. Zesting^ Ezzelino in prison, refusing
spiritual consolation and resolving to die of hunger; *430. 2f. von Schivind,
The *S&ngerkrieg' at the Wartburg (reproduction in oil of the fresco in
the Wartburg). — 444b. Steinle^ Mary Magdalen at the Sepulchre; 458a.
Feuerbaeh, Boman woman -, *447. J. Becker^ Shepherd struck by ligntning ;
458 q. Wenglein, Landscape ; 467 a. Alma Tadema^ Festival of Dionysus (1871).
— 454. E^thely Daniel in the lions' den. — 682. A. LitTy Potato harvest ; 462 a.
Tryon^ Cattle; 468. A, Aehetibach, Storm at sea (1887); 638. Baitch, Cattle:
*'497. C, F. Lestingy John Huss at the Council of Constance, one of tiie most
celebrated works of the Diksseldorf school; 444. StiinU, Tiburtine Sibyl (1848).
Cab. XVI. Ph, FstI, 421a. Moses in the ark of bulrushes, 421. Visitation
(1868), 418. Portrait of a clergyman; 404 Koch^ Ifoah's sacrifice; 481. M.
von Behwind. Dance of Elves (1844).
Cab. XVII. 444 a. Steinle, Portrait (1848) ^ Sehirmer, 458 q. The Good
Samaritan , 458h. On the Tiber (1842); 424a. Rottmann, Near Aulis (Greece)^
456 d. Drthety Italian landscape.
Cab. XVni. Modem German School. 580. BdckUn^ Villa by the sea;
no number, *Lmbaeh, Emp. William I., Bismarck, andJMoltke.
Cab. XIX. 586. Lehbaeh, Portrait of Brentano, the artist (1884); no
number, (THUmsr, Monks* quartette; 681. D^regger, Tyrolese woman; no
number, 2Vfl6fi«r, Negro reading a newspaper.
Cab. XX. No number, Mesdagy Sea-fcene; A. Bisley^ Landscape with
river; 468 0. Uhde, Christ at Emmaus; 535. ZOgel^ Flock of sheep; *IAeber-
mann^ Orphan-children of Amsterdam.
In the S.W. part of Sachsenhausen we may mention the Hippo-
drome (PI. C, 6), opened In 1899, the Royal Institute of Experimental
Therapeutics^ and the Town Hospital, — In the Hiihner-Weg(Pl. G, 6)
is the Willemer-Hdusckenj celebrated through Goethe and Marianne
Yon Willemer (1814; now owned by the town).
From Frankfort to Nauheim and Cassel^ see* Baedeker's Northern
Germany. The first stations are : Bockenheim (p. 68), Eschershcim-
Heddemheim, (6 M.^ Bonames, and (9 M.) VilbeL
A little to the S.W. of Heddemheim, on the road to Praunheim, is the
so-called Seidenfeld, where the remains of a Boman town, the chief place
in the Civiicu'^TatmeMiumy with a stone fort of the time of Domitian, were
discovered in 1826. — At Vilbel the remains of a Roman bath have been
found in Messrs. Siesmayer^s nursery-gardens.
Fbom Fbankfobt to Maybnob (HessischeLudwigsbafmJj 23 V2 ^ . ,
in 36 mln.-lV4 hr. (fares 2 uT 90, 2 uT 20, 1 uT 50 pf.;! express
3 Ur 20, 2 ufr 40 pf.). — The train starts from the Central Station
(p. 221) and crosses the Main. 2^2 M. Niederrad, also a station
on the *Waldbahn' (p. 223), with the Frankfort racecourse. — The
240 Route '29 HOOHST. 'launus.
line runs at first through the Frankfort 'Stadtwald*, but afterwards
affords a view of the Taunus to the right. 4 M. QoldsUin, junction
of the line from Sachsenhausen ; 7 M. Schwanheim ; 9 M. KeUUr-
bach; 14 M. Raunheim; 16 M. Riisselsheim ; 18 M. Bischofsheim
(p. 251). — 21 M. Qustavshurg-Kostheim. Gustavsburg was made
a fortress by the Swedes in 1633 and is now a manufacturing sub-
urb of Mayence ; Kostheim lies on the opposite (right) bank of the
Main. The train then crosses, by the bridge mentioned at p. 165,
to the Neuthor Station, and runs thence beneath the citadel to the
central station in Mayence (p. 154).
29. The Taunus.
The name Taunus, in the wider sense , applies to the whole of the
mountainous region between the Main, the Rhine, and the Lahn, but is
usually restricted to the southern mountains of that district, sloping down
to the Main and Rhine, and extending from l^auheim on the E. to Ass-
mannshausen on the W. Geologically, the range consists of clay-slate with
grauwacke on the N. The hills are covered with forests of beech and
pine. The highest points are the Oreat Feldberg (2887 ft.), the LiUle Feld-
herg (2710 ft.), and the Altkdnig (2615 ft.).
One and a half or two days suffice for a glimpse at the most inter-
esting spots in this district : Railway to Ilomburg^ where the night is spent,
1/2-8/4 hour. Next morning, ascent of the Feldberg in 31/4 hrs., either via
the Saalburg or direct; descent to Kiynigstein 1V» hr. ; thence by Faltenstein
to Cranberg IV2 br. •, or by the Rossert to Eppttein in 3V« hrs. Those who
devote a single day to the Feldberg generally start from Cronberg or Konig-
stein. — All routes and paths in the Taunus are marked with colours
which are explained by 'Central Tablets' posted at the crossings and in
the charts (i JK 25 pf.) published by the 'Taunus Club*.
Cyclists may make a pleasant tour by riding from Homburg to (3 M.)
Oberursel, (3 M.) Cronberg, (2V2M.) Konigstein, (4M.) Hschbach, and (2 M.)
Eppstein. The distance from Konigstein to Hoehst is about 7 M. ; the
portion before Soden (3 M.) takes careful riding.
a. Tatinas Bailway ftom Frankfort to Caatel (Mayence) and
Wiesbaden.
Railway to Castel (2OV2 M.) in V2-I br. (fares 2 UT 80, 2 UTIO, 1 UT 40 pf . ;
express 3 UTIO, 2 UT 30 pf.). — To Wiesbaden (26 M.) in 3/4-IV2 hr. (fares
3 ur 40, 2 ur 60, lur 70 pf.^ express 3 UT 80, 2ur 90 pf., 2 Jf).
The Taunus Railway j one of the oldest in Germany, was opened
in 1839. Leaving the town, the train skirts the Main, which flows
into the Rhine between Kostheim (see above) and Castel ; the river
is occasionally seen. The Nidda is now crossed,
51/2 M. Hoehst (290 ft.; Schmidt, Humboldt-Str., at the rail,
station, D. i JflO pf. ; Hotel Casino, Casino-Str.; Hirsch, Nassauer
Hof, both in the Haupt-Str.; wine at the Schone Aussicht, also
rooms), a Roman frontier- fortress in the time of Augustus (comp.
p. 244), and now a thriving little town with 14^000 inhab. and large
dye-works, has belonged to Mayence since 1352. The porcelain
factory (1740), which once enjoyed considerable reputation, was
destroyed by the French in 1794. The Rom. Cath. Church of St.
Justinus, on the lofty right bank of the Main, beyond the Haupt-
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Taunus. HOMBURG. 29. Route. 241
Str., a 9th cent basilica, many times rebuilt, bas a Gothic choir added
in 1443. The Statue of Bismarck (1899) is by Alois Mayer. A palace
of the Electors of Mayence here, built in the 16-17th cent., was
destroyed by the Frankforters in 1634, but the handsome tower and
the moat still remain. The building is now used as a municipal
office. Behind it is the Rothe Hau$j which in the 18th cent, was
a summer-residence of the Electors.
From Rochal to KSnigstein, see p. 246^ to Sodenj see p. 247; to Eppstein
and Limbwg^ see p. 248.
9V2 M. Hattersheim. The white Hofheim Chapel (p. 248) and the
Meisterthurm can be seen on the nearer spurs of the Taunus.
At (13^2 M.) Florsheim (Hirsch), a village on the Main, omni-
buses and carriages are in waiting to convey travellers to the
(1 Y2 M.) baths of Weilbach (sulphur-springs), with their Curhaus and
pleasant grounds. The village of Weilbach lies 8/4 M. to the N. of the
baths. Pleasing view from the ^KanzeV (pulpit), a hill with four
trees, Y2 M. above Diedenbergen, and 3 M. to the N. of "Weilbach.
1772 M. Hochheixn (405ft.; Schwan, fair; wine at Payer's), a
small town with 3000 inhab. , celebrated for its wines. The most
esteemed is yielded by the vineyards of the old Domdecftanei (deanery).
The sparkling *Hock* made at Hochheim (whence the name), is
much prized, and is largely exported to England (comp. p. xxiv).
On entering (20^2 M.) Caste! (p. 154; Anker) the line intersects
the fortifications. The station is situated close to the bridge over the
Rhine (comp. Plan of Mayence, p. 154). Through-carriages for the
Rheingau are detached from the train here (R. 20).
The pier of the Hatencb Steameb lies about 300 yds. from the arrival
Slatform (to the leftj p. 154). — Omnibus and Tbamwat to the Central
tation in Mayence, see p. 154. Gab to Mayence (preferable for travellers
continoing their journey at once by steamer), one-horse 1 Ul, two -horse
li/s Jf (bridge-toll extra) •, each box 20 pf.
23 M. Curve is connected by a short branch-line with Biehrich
(p. 135). — 26 M. Wiesbaden, see p. 145.
b. From Frankfort to Homborg.
11 M. Railway in 28-43 min. (fares i Jf BO, 1 Jt 20, 80 pf.). Trains start
from the Central Station; best views on the left.
The Homburg line coincides with the Cassel line as far as (2 M.)
Bockenheim, now included in Frankfort (electric tramway, p. 223),
with a picturesque church, an old watch-tower, numerous factories,
and large barracks. — "We then cross the Nidda. 4 M. Rodelheim,
junction of the Cronberg line (p.. 245) ; 7V2 M. Weisskirchen, —
91/4 M. Oberursel (Schiitzenhof, very fair; Bar; Pension Alemannia),
a small but very old town, is much visited by the Frankforters in
summer. (Ascent of the Feldberg from Oberursel, see p. 247;
electric tramway to the Hohe Mark.)
11 M. Hombnrg. — Railway Stations. 1. Central Station, Untere
Luisen-Str., for the line to Frankfort. — 2. Friedh&rgev Bahnhof, 2 min.
walk farther down, for the lines to Friedberg and Usingen. ,
Babdbkbb's Rhine. t5th Edit Ig-OOglC
242 Boute29, HOMBUBG. Taunua,
Hotels (all with electric light; most of the larger ones with garden
and lift, closed in winter). ^Hotbl dd Pabc. Eaiser-Friedrich- Promenade ;
•Hotel Victobia, Lnisen-Str., B. 6-12, B. IV2, ddj. 3, D. at 7 p.m. 6, pens,
from 10 Jl; *H6tel Adousta Victobia, pens, from 9 jf , in the same
street: *6BAin> HStbl and Villa Fubstbnbuhb, in the same street, R.
from 4V», B. IV2, d€j. 3, D. (7.30 p.m.) 6, pens, from i(y^ltJt; *Bellevde,
Ludwig-Str., opposite the Cur-Garten, R. 3-7, B. IV2, d^j. 2V«-3, D. 4-5,
pens, from OVs •# ; '"MBtbopolb, Ferdinand-Plats, near the station, R. 3-8,
B. iVa, d6j. 2V2, I>. 4^ pens, from 9Va UT ; *Savot, Kisseleflf-Str., R. from 3,
B. IVs, d<j. 2Vs, D. 4, pens, from 9 Ji; •Hotel Minbrva, Kaiser-
Friedrich-Promenade, corner of Ludwig-Str., R. 3-15, B. IV4, D. at 1 p.m. 4,
at 7 p.m 5, pens, from 8 »#; *Adleb, Luisen-Str., open all the year ronnd,
R. from 3, B. l^A, d^j. 21/2, D. at 1.15 p.m. 8, pens, from ^jU. All these
are of the first class. — Gbntbal, Luisen-Str. , opposite the Gurhaus;
W1ND8OB, opposite the Cur-Garten, R. 3-5, B. I1/4, D. 2-3, pens, from
% jH; H5tel d'ANOLETEBBB , Luisen-Str., near the station, well spoken
of. — Second-class (recommended to passing travellers): Stbasbbuboeb
HoF, Thomas- Str.; SobtDtzbnhof , Auden-Str. 1; Fbakkfobteb Hof,
Elisabethen-Str. 19, R. IV2-2V21 pens. from4VtUlfi Saalbau, XJntere Luisen-
Str. ; GoLOENE Rose, Luisen-Str. 26, R. fromlUV; EisENBAHX-HdTEL, at
the station, the last two quite unpretending; Bbacnschwbio, Luisen-Str. 72,
near the station, a Jewish house. — There are also many private hotels
and pensions. — The pleasantest Ptivaie Lodgings are in the Kaiser-Friedrich-
Promenade and its cross-streets, the cheapest are in the upper part of
the town.
Restaurant at the Ourhaus. — Beer. Central Hotels D. from IV4 M\
Sircusburger Ho/, D. i*UJ(; Edtel Windsor; SchHtzmhof ; Saalbau. — Con-
fectioners : Brake, Luisen-Str. near the Gurhaus ; Ldreher, Elisabethen-Str.
Kusio in summer, 7.30-8.30 a.m., by the'Springs; at 3.90-5 and 8-10 p.m.
in the Cur-Garten. Adm. for passing travellers 1 UV, Sun. 50 pf. Also a
theatre, concerts, and balls.
Visitors' Tax: 1 pers. 20 UlT, 2 pers. 80 UlT, 3 pers. 38 UlT, 4 pers. UuT,
each addit. pers. 6 Ji ; for those staying not more than a week, 8, 12, 16,
20, 3ur.
Carriage with one horse from the station to the town, 1-2 pers. 70 pf. ,
3-4 pers. 1 Jl, box 20 pf. ; within the town or to the mineral springs,
with one horse 50 or 70 pf., with two horses 1 jH ; per day 18 and 24 •#.
To Cronberg with one horse 9 or 10, with two horses 12 jH.
Electric Tramway from the Central Station to Dornholthausen (20 pf.),
and to the Saalburg (40 min., 60 pf. \ in winter on Sun. only), with branch-
lines to the Gothic House, in the Grosse All^e, and to Kirdorf.
Post Office, Luisen-Str., opposite the Gurhaus.
English Church, Ferdinand -Str., near the railwav - station , with 500
sittings; Sun. services during summer at 8.30a.m., ll a.m., and 4 p.m.
Daily Matins at 8.30 a.m. — Presbyterian Services in the Schlosskirche at
11.30 a.m. and 7.15 p.m. in July and August
Homburg vor der Hohe (640 ft.), a town with 12,600 Inhab.
(incl. Kirdorf), situated amid the S.E. spurs of the Taunus Mts.,
formerly belonged to Eppstein (p. 249). It was the residence of
the Landgraves of Hesse-Homburg , a collateral line of the giand-
ducal family of Hesse, from 1662 to 1866, when this branch of the
family became extinct, and is one of the most popular watering-
places in the RMneland (about 12,000 visitors annually, one-third
of whom are English).
The uninteresting old town, with remains of the old town-wall
and three towers , lies 1/2 M. above the rail, station. The visitors'
quarters lie in the new town, between the Luisen-Str. and the Our-
Park. In the Luisbn - St&assb , which runs from the station to
Digitized by VjOOQ
Taunta. H0MBUR6. 29. BouU. 243
the N.W., are the chief Hotels, the Theatre, the Curhaus, the Pott
Office f the Town HaU^ and a War Monument.
In the Kaisbb-Fsiedsich-Pbombnads are marble busts of Emp.
Frederick III. and his Consort, by Uphnes. Near it is the elegant
Russian Chapel, by L. Jacobi (1897).
The Gurhaus, the chief lendezvons of visitois, built in 1841-43
by the brothers Blanc, of Monte Carlo, and several times enlarged
since 1860, contains a number of very handsome apartments, a well-
supplied reading-room, and (until 1904; comp. p. 244) the 8aal-
hurg Museum (adm. 10-12 & 3-6; 25 pf.), with a well -arranged
collection of antiquities found on the Saalburg (p. 244) and in the
neighbourhood of Homburg, a good model of the Saalburg, and a
reconstruction of a Roman watch-tower. A terrace on the N. side,
partly covered with glass, is a favourite resort in fine weather, and
the corridors of the groundfloor afford a sheltered promenade during
rain .
At the back of the Curhaus is the Cur-Oarten, to the right of
which are the Curhaus Baths, renovated in 1902. Hence we descend,
crossing the Kaiser- Friedrioh-Promenade , to the fine *Cnr-Park,
which is about 125 acres in extent. Broad walks lead hence to the
right to the Lawn Tennis Courts, the Solquelle (bored in 1898), and
the Whey Cure Institute, much frequented in the afternoon. This
lies at the beginning of the ^Brunnen-All^e^ containing the chaly-
beate and saline Spbinos, the chief of which is the Elisabeth-Brunnen,
famous as a salt-spring even in Roman times. Near the two ad-
joining *TrinkhaUen* are well-kept flower-beds, a palm-house, and
the band-stand. The StaMbrunnen and the Luisenquelle are less
saline than the Elisabethbmnnen, bnt are richer in iron, especially
the flrst-named. The Kaiserhrunnen and the Ludwigsbrunnen are
nsed chiefly for bathing. Near the last is the large ^Kaiser-Wilhelmr'
Bad, built by L. Jacobi and opened in 1890 (bath-hours 7-1 and
4-6, Sun. 8-12).
At the W. end of the town (we ascend the Luisen-Strasse and
Schulgasse and turn to the left through the Herrengasse) rises the
ScMoss, which was erected, partly of stone from the Saalburg, by
Landgrave Frederick II. in 1680-85, was rebuilt in 1820-40, and
was fitted up in 1866 for the use of the royal family of Prussia,
Above a gateway In the upper court is the front half of an equestrian
statue, and opposite to it a bust of the landgrave, who, under the
leadership of the Great Elector, decided the victory of the Branden-
burgers over the Swedes at Fehrbellin in 1675 by the spirited charge
of his cavalry. In the N.E. corner is a Roman portico from Brau-
weiler (p. 16). The Weisse Thurm, which rises here to a height of
188 ft., is a relic of the old castle of Honberg (14th cent.) and
commands an extensive view. The Palace Oarden is open to the
public. Adm. to the interior of the palace, 1-2 pers. 1 Jf , each
. addit. pers. 50 pf., to the tower 50 & 25 pf. (on Sun. 26 pf. only
16*
244 R(mU29. SAilLBURG. Taunus.
for both palace and tower). — AdjoiniDg the E. corner of the Schloss
is the Old Protestant Church, with the bnrial-vault of the Landgraves.
Walks. Besides the Car-Park mentioned at p. 243, the traveller may
also visit the Hardt or Hard^ald. adjoining the Curhaos gronnds; the
Orosse Tannenwald^ V2 ^^* to the li.W. of Hombnrg, on the Grosae All^e,
near the Oothic House, built in 1825 and nsed by the Landgrave as a hunt-
ing-seat (restaurant: elec. tramway, see p. 342); the Kleine Tannenteald
(dairy), 20 min. to the W. t, the Luther-Eiche^ */* hr. from Domholihausen
(see below) , whence the path is indicated by blue crosses ; the Wildpark
(restaurant) with its numerous deer, V4 l^r. from the Gothic House; the
Ooldgruhe (1595 ft.), 1 hr. from the Gothic House. — Ascent of the Feldberg,
see p. 245.
An Expedition to the Saalburo may be made by the electric tram-
way (p. 242). Beyond (IV4 M.) Dornholzhautm (Scheller, D. V/t , pens. 4 JK ;
Deutsches Haus, unpretending) the tramway ascends rapidly (mazimuin
gradient 1 : 18) to the comfortable Sadfburg Inn (view-terrace), on the ridge
of the Taunus. Walkers from Domholzhausen follow a path indicated by
yellow marks, which leads straight on to the Saalburg in 1 hr. ; or they
may follow the blue-marked path vi4 the Luther-Eiche to the (1 hr.)
Herzhtrg (1930 ft. t view-tower) and thence a path indicated by green marks
in i/r»/4 hr.
The Saalburg (1881 ft.), on the ridge of the Taunus between the roads
leading to Usingen on the right and to Obernhain on the left, was one
of the forts belonging to the Pfahlgraben ( Limes) ^ a line of intrenchments
344 M. long constructed about 70 A.D. to protect Rhaetia and the Germanic
provinces against the warlike Germans and fulfilling this function for
about two centuries. It extended from Kelheim to Lorch, then turned
northwards to Miltenberg, and finally stretched towards theN.W. to Ems and
Rheinbrohl (p. 74). — The Saalburg, which is the largest, so far as known,
of the forts on the Pfahlgraben (measuring 725 by 471 ft.) , was discovered
in 1868 by the excavations of Gohausen and Jacobi, and the work of
restoration is being partly carried out by the latter. It is generally
regarded, though without definite proof, as the fortress re-erected by
Germanicus, son of Drusus, ^super vestigia patemi praesidii in tnonte Tmmo*,
Leaving the station, and passing the ruined camp (taverns, wells, etc.)
and the commandant's house (left), we soon reach tbe S. gate, the Porta
Decumana (No. 4 on the inset in the Map, p. 240; 25ft. wide), which,
together with the adjoining wall (10-15 ft. high), the bridge over the two
trenches, and the E. gate (Porta Principalis Dextra), has now been restored.
At the entrance are a good plan of the fort and a bronze statue of
Emperor Antoninus Pius by J. Gdtz (1901). The Saalburg Museum (p. 248)
is to be removed in 1904 to the newly-restored Praetoriwn^ in the middle
of the fort. A short distance beyond the Porta Praetor ia (No. 1 on the
plan) or N. gate, rises the Pfahlgraben itself, here distinctly recognis-
able. The Roman military road leading from the S. gate to Heddemheim
(p. 239) was flanked, in the customary fashion, by tombstones. The mortuary
.house re-erected a litUe to the left, on the ancient foundations, contains
a few relics (key kept by the custodian of the Saalburg ; fee).
At the DreimUhlhorn, Vs ^- to the N.E. of the Saalburg, to the right
of the Oberhain road, and also at the Drueuekippel^ some remains of Ger-
manic-Roman open-air forges have been preserved. — A road, leaving the
Usingen road to the right, about 250 yds. beyond the fort, descends via
the LochmUMe (restaurant) to (20 min.) the Saalburg station (p. 245).
About 1/4 br. to the E., beyond the mortuary house, rises the FrOk-
lieJu-Mannekopf (i&&0 ft.; belvedere), the path to which is indicated at
first by red, then by blue marks. The blue-marked path goes on to the
CficMsburg (1535 ft.), with remains of an ancient circular fortification, and
the Pelagiue- Piatt ^ where it rejoins the red-marked path (Rothtaufweg)
by which we may return through the Hardtwald to Homburg.
The ascent of the Feldberg may be made in 2i/s-3 hrs. from the Saalburg
by following the path (indicated by yellow marks) outside the intrench*
Taunus. CRONBEBG. 29, RouU, 245
ment. About 1 hr. from the top is the Sandplacken (p. 247). From the
Saalbarg inn the shortest route follows at first the path (green marks) yii
the Herzberg (p. 344).
Fbom Hombubo to Usinokn, W/'z M., railway in about 1 hr. — 2Vs M.
Seulberg. — 3 M. Friedrichgdarf (Adler -^ Weisser Thurm, a restaurant above
the town), founded by Huguenots in 1687, is a small industrial town,
formerly belonging to Homburg, with 1200 inhab. who still retain their
French tongue. Branch-line to Friedberg^ see below. — 4YsM. Kdppem,
— 71/t M. Saalbwff, the station for the Saalburg (p. 244)} 8Vt M. Wehrheim
(1017 ft.); 11 M. Anspach, the station for (5 M.) NewWeilnau and 0 M.)
Sehmitten (p. 249). — 14V2 M. Usingen (956 ft.; Adler), a smaU town with
1900 inhab., residence of the Princes of Nassau-Usingen from 1659 to 1774.
Fbom Hombubo to Fbibdbebq, 14 M. , railway in •/«-! ^^- — The line
diverges to the E. from the Usingen line at (3 M.) Friedrichtdorf (see above),
6 M. Holzhau$en vor der EOhe (607 a); 6 M. Rodheim vor der Edhe; 8 M.
Rosbach vor der ffOhe. — Friedberg^ see Baedeker^s Northern Oermcmy.
*
e. From Frankfort to Cronberg or Kdnigstein. Feldberg.
Fbom Frankfort to Cronbbrg, 10 M., railway in about ^U ^r-
(fares 1 uT 40 pf., i Jf , 70 pf.). — 41/2 M. Rodelheim (p. i41);
6V2M. Eschbom; 71/2 M. NUder-JSochstadt.
10 M. Cronberg. — Hotels. 'Eaisbb Fbibdbich, nearest the station,
with modern comforts , R. 3-7 , B . 1, D. from IV2, pens. 6-10 Jl ; Fbank-
FUBTBB HoF, with good paintings by Frankfort artists in the dining>room ;
ScHDTZENHor, B l>/2-2V« B. 1, D. IV4-2V2, pens. 4Vt-6 Jf, all with gardens
and views. — Bahn^s Restaurant ^ at the station, >/« M. from the town,
very fair.
Oronftery (1016 ft.), a smalltown with 2800 inhab., is picturesquely
situated on a bill, surrounded by orchards and chestnut-groves, and
commanded by a CcutU (1096 ft.) of the 13th cent, and by a Chdteau
of the 16th (restored). These belonged to the Knights of Cronberg,
who resided here down to 1704, when the family became extinct.
They are now the property of Princess Frederick Charles of Hesse
(no admission). Cronberg is a favourite summer-resort of the citizens
of Frankfort, including quite a colony of artists, who possess a
number of pleasant villas in the environs, and, like Konigstein, it
is also well adapted as headquarters for excursions into the Taunus
region. About Va M. to the N.E. is Schloss Friedrichshof^ built in
1889-91 for the Empress Frederick (d. 1901), but now also belonging
to Princess Frederick Charles. A monument to Emp. Frederick III..,
by Uphues, was erected here in 1902.
At the entrance to Cronberg is a ^Central Tablet' (p. 240). —
The road to (2 M.) Falkenstein (diligence daily; also omnibus)
follows the main street of the village. After about 1 M. the road to
Konigstein (p. 246) diverges to the left. Walkers take the footpath
through the woods to the left, immediately beyond this road, and in
20 min. more reach the village of —
Falkenstein (ca. 1310 ft.), about IV4M. from Konigstein. It
contains the Curanstalt Falkenstein^ and close by are the Frankfurter
Hof(;pens. 5 Jf) and the Taunua Inn. The wooded hill to the W. is
crowned with the ruin of Burg Falkemtein (1466 ft.), the path to
246 Routt 29. KONIGSTEIN. Taunus.
whicli (12 min.) is indicated by a finger-post at the upper end
of the town. This castle, the ancestral seat of the powerftd Ardi-
bishop Knno of Treves , was erected in the 14th cent, on the site
of the ancient fortress of Nfiring, and was destroyed in 1688.
♦View from the tower (key at the village). The adjacent Teufelatem
and the Dorrsche Hduachen are also good points of view.
The road from Oronberg to (3 M.) Konigstein (diligence once
daily ; omnibus oftener) is at first identical with that to Falkenstein
(p. 246). — From Soden to Konigstein, see p. 248.
From Fban^fobt (Hochst) to KoiaosTiiiic, 10 M., light railway
in about ^/^ hr. (fares iJf^O pf., i Jf iO pf. ; through-carriages
from Frankfort by certain trains); best views to the right. — From
Frankfort to (61/2 M.) Hoehsty see p. 240. — The railway diverges
to the right from the main line and pnrsues a N.W. direction to the
Liederbach-Th(U, affording on the way fine views of the Taunus
range (r.), and later of the Hof heimer Oapelle and the Meisterthurm
(p. 248). Chief stations : 41/2 M- (from Hochst) Munster (560 ft.);
51/2 M. Kelkheim-FUchbach (p. 249), the latter IV2M. to the N.W.,
near the Staufen and the Rossert; 8 M. Schneidhain (890 ft.;
p. 249). — We pass below the S. side of the castle.
Konigstein. — The Railway Station (1105 ft.) lies about i/s M. below
the town. — Hotels. ♦HOtbl Ppapf, with large garden, E. aVa-SVs, B. 1,
D. 2V&^ pens. MOUlf; *H6tel Colloseus, with garden, R. IVa-o, B. 1,
pens. 5-6V2 Ji ', Bender, Stadt Fbankfdbt, both plain. — Beer at Messer's
and at Prohatky^t. — Curhanu Taunva>lick (physician, Dr. Eohnstamm) ;
Dr. Amelung'i CwanttaU-^ Hydropathic Establishment. — Visitors^ Tax^
1 pers. 5, families 8-10 jH.
Konigstein (1190 ft.), a picturesquely-situated little town with
2200 inhab., many pleasant villas, and a chateau of the Grand-Duke
of Luxembourg, is one of the most popular resorts in the Taunus
region. To the W. of the town rise the imposing ruins of the Castle of
JToniystcin (ca. 1310 ft.), which was destroyed by the French in 1796.
This stronghold is mentioned in history for the first time in 1225 ;
in 1581 it came into the possession of the Electors of Mayence,
whose armorial bearings are stiU to be seen over the entrance ; in
1792 it was captured by the French, and in 1793 by the Prussians.
The vaults and casemates are still partly preserved. Fine view
from the tower.
ExcDBSioNs. From the E. end of the town we may ascend to (20 min.)
the view-tower on the Hartenberg. The village of MammoUhcrin^ prettily
situated 1/3 hr. farther on, amid fruit-trees, lies 20 nain. above Cronihal
(p. 248). — A path, indicated by green marks, leads from the E. end of
the town to (35 min.) Burg Falkenstein (p. 245). — From the K. end
of the town a road leads through the pretty Billthal to (3Vc M.) Rvppertshain^
1 M . above which is Eppenhain. l^ear the latter is the Rossert (p. l2i9), also
reached from Konigstein hy a picturesque direct route via Schlossbom
(2V4 hrs.). — From E3nig8tein to Eppsiein, 6 M., see p. 249.
The highest point of the Taunus Mts. is the Great Veldberg
(2885 ft.), the top of which consists of quartzose Jipck, while the
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Taunus. KONIGSTEIN. 29, Route. 247
slopes are composed of clay-slate. The whole moantain, except the
flat grassy plateau on the summit, is clothed with wood. The dining-
room of the older of the two inns at the top (D. % pension 4 Jf)
contains some good pictures by Frankfort painters. The Tiew
tower on the summit (98 ft. high), built in 1901-2, commands an
admirable panorama in clear weather, which, unfortunately, occurs
but seldom. The block of quartz, 10 ft. in height and 35 ft. in
breadth, near the inns, is mentioned in a document as early as 812,
and has been known as the Brunhildenbett since 1043.
To the S.E. of the Feldberg rises the *Altkdnig (2616 ft.), to the
S.W. the Kleine Feldberg (2710 ft.). The summit of the former is
enclosed by a huge double girdle of loose stones, with a rectangular
outer rampart on the S.W. side. The outer circle has a circumference
of 1660 yds., the inner one of 1260 yds. The stones of this pre-Ro-
man fortification were probably originally arranged in layers with
trunks of trees between, so as to form a perpendicular wall.
AsoBNT OP THB Fbldbbrg PROM Falkbnstbin (1»/4 bf-)- A broad road
(white marks) ascends gradually from the upper part of the village to
(2 min.) a finger-post indicating a path on the left to the Haitensteiner
Sehlag and the (*/« hr.) Fuehttanz, an open space in the wood (rfmts. at
the refuge-hut in summer), whence the top is reached in «/* hr. more. —
A path marked with red leads to the right from the upper end of Falken-
stein v\% the Sireng-HHtie to the AUMOnig. The path from the Altkonig
to (35 min.) the Fnchstanz is marked at first with yellow (path to Ober-
ursel), then with green marks.
AsoBNT OP THB Fbldbbbo FROM KOniostbin, 2V4 hrs. (carriage 12 JO.
We ascend the Frankfort and Limbnrg road for about 2Vz M., then take
the Reiffenberg road to the right, which leads vi& the Seelenbom to the
(IVs M.) Rothe Kreut (inn). Thence we may either follow the red marks,
to the right, v\% the (iV4 M.) saddle between the LitUe and the Great Feld-
herg^ to the (20 min.) summit of the latter ; or, following the blue marks,
we may make a detour of about Vs ^« ^^^ the remains of a Boman fort
and entrenchments discovered in 1892.
From Obbrursbl (3 hrs.). The new road ascends along the left bank
of the stream , passing several mills. In 1 hr. we reach the Eohe Mark
spinning-mill (restaurant), the terminus of the electric tramway (p. 242),
beyond which the route is indicated by brown marks. In about 1 hr.
more (about 100 yds. before a wide curve of the road) we ascend a few
steps to the right and follow the path (finger-posts) to the (20 min.) Buck-
horny a fresh spring. Thence we proceed straight on. crossing the carriage-
road and skirting the intrenchment, to the S chief erbruch, which is within
V2 hr. of the top. Numerous finger-posts.
From Homburo (3V4 hrs.). Leaving the (1/2 hr.) Gothic House (p. 244),
we follow the straight ^ Elisabethensehneise^ (a cutting in the wood; route
marked with yellow crosses). At the top of the hill called the ^Sand'
placken' (2V4 hrs.) a finger-post indicates the way to the Feldberg to the left.
[A finer path (marked by green crosses) diverges to the left about ^4 M.
from the S.W. exit of the Schloss-Garten, on this side of the bridge, and
leads past the Frankfurter Forsthaus and the Soke Mtxri (see above).]
d. From Frankfort to fkklen.
10 M. Railway in V»-l hr. (fares 1 UT 30 pf., 1 UT, 70 pf. ; express 1 UT 50,
1 uriO, 80 pf.).
From Frankfort to flocfe«t, see p. 240. — Thence by a short
branch-line vi& Sxdulaek to — r^ T
Digitized by VjOOQlC-
248 Route 29. . SODEN. Taunus,
Soden. — Hotels (all with electric light, restaurants, and gardens).
*CuBHAU8; "HoTBL GoLLosEUB , R. 1V2-5, B. 1, D. 3, pens, from C^/tJf;
*EuBOPAiscH£B HoF, R. 2-1, B. 1, D. 2V2i pens. 5-8 Jt. — *Rus8I80hbk Hof,
B. 2-4, D. IV2-2V2 Jf t ScHoNE Adssxcht, similar charges ; Uhrioh, Adleb,
the last two suited for passing tourists.
Carriftffe per hour 3 •#, to Konigstein 3Vt, to Gronberg 4Vti to the top
of the Feldberg 20 Jf.
Visitors' Tax for 1 pers. 14, for 2 pers. 20, for each addit. pers. 5 Jf,
5oden (490-650 ft.), a village with ITOOinhab., lies at the foot
of the Taunus Mts., in the sheltered valley of the Sulzbach, On the
Konigstein road, which intersects the town from S.E. to N.W., are
most of the hotels and the pleasant Cur-Park, with the Curhaua,
the Bath House (admirably fitted up), and the new Inhaling House.
The baths are yisited by about 2500 patients annually. The numerous
warm Spkinos contain salt, iron, and carbonic-acid gas, and are
chiefly prescribed for heart and bronchial affections and mild diseases
of the lungs. They are used both for drinking and bathing, and rise
in different parts of the valley. The Milchbrunnen, Warmbrunnen,
Soolbrunnen, and Champagner-Brunnen, which are chiefly used for
drinking, rise in the Quellen-Park, in the so-called Haupt-Strasse,
near the old Bath House.
Walks. To the Drei Linden (820 ft.), a good point of view, near
Keuenhain (see below); to the Altenhainer-Thal^ Vs ^^f- ^ the K.W. ; to
the Sodener WMdeheny etc.
Fbom Soden to Cbonbebg, 3 M. The road diverges to the W., at
the lower end of the Cur-Park. About V* ^- from Soden there is a finger-
post indicating the footpath and the carriage-road (yellow marks) to (2 M.)
CronthcU, which possesses two saline springs, and to Gronberg.
From Sodbn to KSnigstbin, 3 M. The road ascends gradually,
and passes (1 M.) Neuenhain (790 ft.), where there is another
chalybeate spring used for sanatory purposes. — Konigstein^ see
p. 246.
e. From Frankfort to EppBtein and Limbnrg.
U M. Railway in iV2-2V4 hrs. (fares SUTSO, 3ur90, 2ur00 pf.).
Frankfort, see p. 221. 6 M. Oriesheim; 9 M. Hoehst, see p. 240.
The line describes a curve and crosses the Taunus railway. 121/2 M.
Kriftel.
14 M. Hofheim (445 ft. ; Kror^e, very fair; moderate charges;
Pfdlztr Hof) , an early Roman settlement (comp. p. 244), is now a
pleasant village of 2400 inhab. at the entrance to the Lorsbaeher-
Thai, a grassy valley, enclosed by wooded slopes and watered hy the
Schwarzbach. Pleasant walks lead to the (I/2 hr.) lofty Hofheimer
CapeUe (750 ft.) and on to the (1/4 hr.) Meisterthurm (958 ft.; key
at Hofheim, open on Sun.), which affords an admirable survey of
the extensive valley of the Main, the Taunus Mts. , the Bergstrasse,
and the Mts. of the Palatinate.
The line ascends the Lorshacher-Thal, and crosses the Schwarz-
bach several times. 1672^- i^ors^acA, a prettily-^itoiited village.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Taunus. IDSTEIN. 29. Route. 249
19 M. Eppstein. — Hotels. *H5tbl Sbileb, at the station, R. lVr2,
B. '/i, pens. 4-41/2 Jf; Oblm6hlb, outside the village, at the mouth of the
Fischbach-Thal, with shady garden, very fair, R. 11/2-2, B. 1, pens. 4-6 •#;
Kaisbb-Tbhpbl (see below; open in summer only), 11/4 M. from the station,
R. IV2-2, pens. 4-6 Jf.
Eppstein (605 ft), a straggling little town with 800 inhab., lies
in the Lorshacher-Thal, above -the month of the Fiichbach-Thal and
below those of the Draishach^TJial and Ooldbach-Thal. On a pre-
cipitous rock above the place rises the picturesque Castle of the
same name, mentioned in history as early as 1120, the ancestral
seat of a celebrated family, five members of which were archbishops
and electors of Mayence between 1060 and 1305. It is now the
property of Prince Stolherg-Wemigerode.
On a (26 min.) projection of the Stavfen is the Kaiser- Tetnpel. Adjacent
is the hotel mentioned above. Fine view. The summit of the Staufen
(1480 ft. ; 3/4 )xr. to the £. ; yellow way-marks) is occupied by a private villa
and a belvedere. — Good views are also obtained from the (1/4 hr.)
Malerpldtzehen and the O/2 ^•) Colossal-Bank.
The Rostert (1690 ft.), which is easily reached from Eppstein in
1 hr. by a path (yellow marks) ascending the valley and then by a road
to the left, commands a fine view of the valleys of the Rhine and Main.
Below the summit is a refnee-hut, shaded bv trees (rflmts. on Sun.). From
the Rossert to Konigstein ^^hr., see p. 246.
Immediately below Eppstein the Konigstein road diverges to the
K.E. from the Lorsbach valley, ascending the Fischbach-Thal to (IV4 M.)
Fischhaeh (730 ft. ; p. 248). It then traverses a lofty plateau to (2V4 M.)
BchMidhain , whence a light railway runs to (IV2 M.) Kifnigstein (p. 246).
Beyond Eppstein the train passes through a tunnel. — From
(2SM.S)Niedemhausen (848 ft.) a branch-line diyerges to Auringen-
Medehbachy Igstadt^ Erbenheim^ and (12^2 M.) Wiesbaden (p. 145).
28 M. Idstein (872 ft. ; Lamrriy well spoken of; Mersi ; Deutscher
Kaiser)^ a town of 3000 inhab., with many old houses, was once the
residence of a branch of the Nassau family ; the chlLteau, re-erected
in the 16- 17th cent., is to be restored; the church, richly adorned
with marble, dates from 1667. The Grosse Feldberg (p. 246) may
be ascended hence in Si/jhrs. — 31 M. Worsdorf. — From (34 M.)
Camberg (700 ft., Gutenberger Hof), a little town with 2300 In-
hab. , the top of the Feldberg may be reached in 4V2 hrs.
About 9 M. to the E. lies Neu-Weilnau (1276 ft. -, Janz, R. 1-1 Vs, D. 1^2,
Sens. 3V4-4 Jf)y in the prettiest part of the wooded valley of the Weil.
pposite is Alt'Weilnatt (1288 ft.), with a ruined castle. — From Neu-Weilnau
a yellow-marked path leads to (3 M.) Schmitten (1610 ft. ; Ochs), frequented
by consumpiives- Diligence to Anspach, see p. 246.
36^2 ^* Nieder-SelterB (Caspari; Hilgers)^ formerly belonging
to the Electorate of Treves.
Nieder-Selters has been celebrated since the 16th cent, for its mineral
waters, in which carbonate of soda and salt are agreeably blended , and
widely known under the erroneous name of 'Seltzer Water'. The build-
ings of the spring are near the station.
39V2 M. Oberbrechen; 41 M. Niederbreehen.
44 M. Limbnrg, on the Lahn, see p. 218.
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250
30. From Frankfort or Mayence to Mannheim and
Heidelberg.
a. Yi& Lampertheim to Maxmlieini (CarUruhe),
50Vt M. (or 471/r M.). Railway in 1V«-2V« lw«. (<»res from Frankfort
6 ur 25, 4 ur 15, 2 ur 70 pf.; from Mayence 6 Jf 10, 4 UTIO, 2ur60pf.).
From Frankfort to (4 M.) Goldstein, see pp. 239, 240. 91/2 M.
Walldorf; IOV2 M. Morfelden, — 16 M. Domherg is the junction
for Mayence (p. 261). I8V2 M. Domheim; 2OV2 M. Leeheim-
Wolfskehlen. — 21^/2 M. Goddelau •• Erfelden is the junction for
the Darmstadt and Worms railway (p. 254), which coincides with
the Mannheim line as far as Blblls (see helOw). 23V2 M. Stoek-
stadt, on the Rhine; 26 M. Biebesheim, — 28 M. Oernsh^m (Pott ;
Darmatadter Hof)^ a small and busy town on the Rhine, with 4000
Inhab., mentioned in history as early as 773 and destroyed by M^ac
in 1689. It contains a monument to Peter Schoffer, one of the
inventors of printing (p. 225), who was bom here. — 30^/2 M.
Qro88-Itohrheim. At (33 M.) BihlU, with a handsome church with two
towers , the line to Rosengarten and Worms diverges to the right
(p. 254). 36 M. Burstadt^ junction of the Benshelm and Worms
railway (p. 256). — 391/2 M. Lampertheim (Rehatock; Schwan), the
junction of a branch-line to Rosengarten and Worms , is a town
with 8200 inhab. and a large new church. Our line divides here,
the right branch leading by Waldhof to the (4772 M.) Neckar suburb
of Mannheim, while the left passes Waldhof MikKdf erthal and leads
to the central station at (501/2 M.) Mannheim (p. 276).
Continuation of the railway to Carlsruhcy see p. 279.
b. Vi& Darmstadt to Heidelberg and Mannheim.
Ftom Frankfort to Darmstadt (17 M.) railway in »/«-! h'. (fares 1 Jl 95,
1 JT 30, 86 pf. ^ express fares 2ur30, lUTSS, lUTlO pf.). From Mayence
to Darmstadt (21 M.) railway in V4-I hr. (fares 3 UT, 2 UT, 1 UT 30 pf. ;
express fares 3 •# 40 or 2 •# 40 pf.). From Darmstadt to Heidelberg or
Mannheim, 38 M., in lVs-2 hrs. (fares to Heidelberg 4 UT 25, 2 Ul 80,
1 Ur 80 pf.; express fares 5 UT 10, 3 UT 40, 2 UT 45 pf.; to Mannheim
5-20 pf. more). Best views to the left OE,).
From FaANKPORT to Darmstadt. Beyond the imposing sand-
stone bridge oyer the Main a branch-line diverges to l^e left to
Offenbach, and farther on the *Hes8lsche Ludwigsbahn' to the right
to Mayence and Mannheim (p. 240). On the hills to the left ia
the Sachsenhduser Warte, From (21/^ M.) Louisa a branch-line
runs via Sachsenhausen (p. 236) to (5 M.) Offenbach, — The fol-
lowing stations are for the most part some distance from the unim-
portant villages after which they are named. The railway from
Mayence to Darmstadt passes beneath our line shortly before we
reach (17 M.) Darmstadt.
From Mayenob to Darmstadt. Starting froii the central
station, the train runs under the citadel to the Neuthor station,
and crosses the liudwigshafen railway (p. 279) an4 the. Rhine.
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DARMSTADT 30. Route, 251
21/2 M. Ou8tav9berg^Ko8theim (p. 240). 5 M. Bischofsheim is the
junction for the Frankfort Railway (p. 240) and for the junction-
line, now under constmction, to Castel (Wiesbaden). 10 M. NaU"
heim. From (I21/2 M.) Orossgerau a hranch-line runs to Domherg,
the junction of the line to Mannheim vift Lampertheim (p. 250). —
131/2 M. KUingerau; 17 M. Weiterstadt. — 21 M. Darmstadt^ where
carriages are nsnally changed.
Darmfltadt (see Plan). — BaUway Btattons. 1. Main-Nechar
Station (PI. A, 2; restaurant), on the W. side of the Bahnhofs-Platz. —
2. Eetnan Station {Ludtoigtbahnhof ; *Bestaurant}, on the 17. side of the
Bahnhofs-Platz, also for the Odenwald line. ~ 3. Rosenhdhe (PI. E, 2), on
the Odenwald Railway.
Hotels. •TuADBE (PI. a; B, 2), Luisen-Platz 6, R. 2V«^, B. IV4, D. 3 UT;
"^Bbitannia (Pi. d| B, 2), Bhein-Str. 85, B. 3^, B. IV4. D. 3 JH, omn. 60 pf. ;
Darmstadter Hof (PI. bi B, 2), Bhein-Str. 12, B. 3-4, B. I-IV2, D. 3 UT;
Railway Hotel, at the Hessian Station; H6tbl K6hlbr (Pi. c; A, 3),
Bhein-Str. 60, well spoken of? Prinz Karl (PI. e; C, 3), Garl-Str. 1.
Bestaurants. Britannia^ aee a,\ioye\ Wiener Ca/i^ Bhein-Str. 28 ; Burg-
ftr^ii, Wilhelminen-Str., very fair; Palais Restaur ant^ Hugel-Str. 35; Fttrsten-
hdlle (wine and Inncheon rooms). — CapAS. Wiener Caf4^ see above ; Eiehberff^
Rhein-Str. 16. near the Lndwigg-Saule. — Confectioner. 0«, Hiigel-Str.
Baths. Alice Bad. Maner-Str. 17; ilToM, Martin-Str. 22. — Swimming
Baths in the Wcog (PI. E, 2; 42 pf., incl. towel).
Cab with one horse for V* hr., for 1-2 pers. 60, 3-4 pers. 80 pf. ; with
two horses 80pf., iJl; for V«hr. 1 UT, 1 jT 40, 1 UT 40, lUTSOpf.; 1 hr.
2 Jf,2 Jf 40l 2 ur 60, 3 ur 10 pf. — From the stations 10 pf. extra.
Electric Tramways (ev. 7 min. ; 10 pf.) : 1. Prom the Bdhnhofs-Platz
(PI. A, 2) to the NiederranutOdter-Str. (PI. D, 4). — 2. From the Carl- Sir.
(to the 8. of PL B, C, 4) to the Didmrger-Str. (PI. D, 1).
Steam Tramway from the Schloss to Oriesheim (p. 254 ; comp. PI. C, B,
A, 2)i and from the Lnisen-Platz to Eberstadt (p. 265; comp. PI. B, A,
2, 3, 4) and to Arheiligen (comp. PI. B, 2, 1).
Theatre {Hof-Theater; PI. G, 2), in the Theater-Platz, for operas and
dramas (closed in summer).
Art Bxhibition in the Kunsi- Verein^ Bhein-Strasse. — The Verein tur
FOrderung OemeinnHtziger Zweeke, Stein-Str. 2, gives every information to
strangers.
British Cha^i d* Affaires, Arthur James Herbert. Esq.
English Ghureh Service in the Palace Chapel at 11 a.m. and 4.30p.m.;
H. C. on the Ist and 3rd Sun. in each month.
Darmstadt (480 ft.), the capital of the Grand-Duchy of Hesse,
with 72,000 inhab., a town with broad, quiet streets and tasteful
pleasnre-grounds, was, though dating from the 11th cent, and the
residence of the Landgraves of Hesse - Darmstadt since 1567, a
place of no Importance down to the close of the 18th century. The
Grand-Duke Lewis I. (d. 1830) erected the new part of the town,
and to him Darmstadt is indebted for its prosperity.
In front of the Railway Stations fPl. A, 2) is a bust, hy Bersch,
of the chemist Justus von Liehig (180o-73), a native of Darmstadt.
Opposite the Hessian Station are the Bank of Commerce and the
South German Bank, huilt in 1875.
The Rhein-Str. leads hence, past the New Town HaU, to the
Luisen-Platz (PI. B, 2), which contains a Statue of Orand-Duke
Lewis I. , by Schwan thaler, erected to him by his ^grateful people'
252 Route 30. DARMSTADT. From Frankfort
in 1844; the statue is l)orne by a column, 140 ft. in height, the
summit of which affords a fine view (fee 50 pf.). In the same square
are the Post Office, huilt in 1877-82, the 8tdndehau8, and the
Kanzlei'Qehdude. In the Mathilden-Platz, close by, are a handsome
fountain and a bust of Alt VogUr (1779-1814), the teacher of
Weber and Meyerbeer.
The Orand-Duoal Palace (PI. 0, 2) was begun in the 15th cent,
and largely rebuilt by the Landgrave George I. at the end of the
16th cent. ; the portals, belonging to that period, but finished after
the landgrave's death, are a good specimen of the German Renais-
sance. The bulk of the building was erected in 1715-27, from the
designs of Rouge de la Fosse, The tower contains a chime of bells
(1671). — The entrance to the Palace Collections is by the archway
in the Markt-Platz. A flight of 58 steps ascends to the first floor,
where the library is to the left, the Landes-Museum to the right.
The valuable Library consists of about 450,000 vols., 4000 MSS.,
and numerous typographical curiosities; it is open on week-days to
visitors ll-12a.m., to students 9-1 a.m. and (except Sat.) 3-6 (in
winter 2-4) p.m. — The Orand- Ducal National Museum (^Landes-
Museum; Director, Prof. Back) is open free on Tues., Wed., and
Frid. 11-1, and on Thurs. 3-5 (in winter 2-4) ; also at other times
for a fee. It comprizes an Archaeological Collection (good catalogue
1 uSf) of prehistoric, Roman , and Prankish antiquities (notably a
large Roman mosaic pavement) ; a Mediaeval ar^ Modem Collection
of enamels from the Lower Rhine and from Limoges, ivory carvings
of the 5th and 10-18th cent., wood -carvings (Crucifixion by
T. Riemenscheider), armour, weapons, etc. ; and a Natural History
Collection. — On the upper floor is the —
*PiOTUBB Gallbbt, a collection formed for the most part during
the 18th and 19th cent.
Room I : Pictures by Schmidty Seekatz, Fiedler^ Schiitz^ Kobell^ Morgen-
steniy etc., chiefly of the 18th cent.; also several modem pictures. On
the main wall, to the left: 136. Schirmer, Heidelberg Castle^ 134. Mcrgen-
stern. Valley of the Isar: 137. Lessing^ Evening-scene on the Moselle; 126.
S'hilbachj Castel Gandolfo; *157p. A. Feuerbach, Iphigeneia (1862). — In the
middle, 1st Sec. : SeekatZy 69. Children in the poultry-yard, 47. Portrait of
himself. 2nd Sec. : 29. Fiedler^ Open-air concert*, 129. Stekibrilck^ Genovefa;
148-151. Achenbachy Four small Dutch landscapes. 3rd Sec. : 125. Rottmann,
Landscape; 133o. M. von Schtnndj Lady and page; 103. /. A. Koch^ Tivoli.
On a stand: ^158. Thomay Scene m the Taunus.
Room II. Modem Germui Works. Principal WaOl: •158m. Brctcht,
Shores of oblivion; 146. Enkuber^ Bavarian court of justice; 159b. E. Hen'
selei't Social democrats; 155. Noacky Religious disputation between Luther
and Zwingli at Marburg ; 159n. H. Heimy Knitting in the Odenwald. — In
the middle, 1st Sec. : 146d. 8ehleiehy Autumn-morning; Lenbaeh, 167x. Makart
the painter, 167z. Baron Liphart ; 159e. TrUbnery View in Heidelberg Castle.
2nd Sec. : 158r. Uhde^ Saying grace (1897) ; 158e. Munthty Winter-scene ; 157y.
Lenbachy Passini, the painter; 157a. Ovdey Sea-piece.
Room III. Early German and Flemish Schools (15-16th cent.). In the
passage: 234. Holbein the Eldevy Pietk. ~ Principal Wall : U.GrUnewald (t),
243. Virgin and Child, 24da. Altar-panels with saints; 231. Upper German
School ( Wohlgemuth f)y Mount of Olives; 241. O. PencZy Portrait of a man;
225. H. Baldung Grien, Christ as gardener (late work, 1589; damaged); 198.
to BHddberg. DARMSTADT. 30. BouU, 253
3. Bruyn the Elder, Portrait (1539); *168. Stephan Lochner (the master of
the Dombild at Cologne), Presentation in the Temple (1447). — In the middle,
1st Sec: 249. Cranach^ Virgin and Child; 193. Patinir^ Madonna in a hilly
landscape; •226. Holbein the Younger^ Portrait (1515); 170. Master of the
St. Bartholomew Altar, Virgin and saints.
Room IV. Dutch and Flemish Schools (17th cent.). In the passage:
*275. Seuehatelj Portrait. — Principal Wall : 396. Pcml Potter, Stable ; 323.
A. de Bie, Old woman*, ^296. Rubens^ Diana hunting (ca. 1620; mainly
executed by pnpils); *350. School of Rembrandt (B. Fabritiuef), Simeon
in the Temple. — In the middle, 1st Sec: ••347. RembratuU, Scourging
of Christ (1658). 2nd Sec : 386, 387. 0. van den Eeckhout^ Portraits ; 405.
P. de Hooghe (Sam. van Hoogstratenf)^ Parrot; •368. Th. de Key»er{^\
Officer; 845. A. Brouwer, Boors; •383. Aart van der Neer^ Landscape by
moonlight; 406. Jn the style of ffobbema, Landscape. Prd Sec: 349. School
of Rembrandt (FcU>ritivs f}, Christ at Emmaus.
Boom V. Dutch and Flemish Schools. In the passage ; 322. Lucas vam
Uden, Landscape. Principal Wall: ''369. B. van der HeM, Full-length of
an old woman. — In the middle, 1st Sec. : 304. Teniers the Elder^ Peasants
dancing; 328. Van Dyek (t), Portrait of a man; •271. P. Brueghel the Elder,
Dance under the gallows-tree (1568). — 2nd Sec. : 337. Ph. de Champaigne,
Portrait; 876, 377. Ocnsales Coques, Portraits.
Boom VI. 326. Jan Porcellis, Calm sea; 293. C. van Voort (?) , Portrait
of the organist J. P. Swilling.
Boom Vll. French School. 489, 490. Vanloo, Portrait of Louis XV.
and his Queen Maria Lesczinska.
Boom VIII. ItaUans. In the middle, Ist Sec: 630, 631. B. Belotto
(Canaletto), Grand Canal; •619. Titian, Portrait (1565). 2nd Sec: 541.
Ann. Carracci, Small full-length portrait of a man (1603); 647. Carlo
Caliari, Venus and Adonis.
Boom IX. In the middle, 1st Sec: 629. Paris Bordone (?), Portrait;
578. Sassoferrato, Pietk. 2nd Sec: 612d. School of Giotto, Madonna. —
Bear-wall: 612. J/, de Cerezo, Tobias and the Angel.
On application at the steward's oflice (first door to the right in the
'KirchenhoP), visitors are conducted by an attendant to the Assembly Rooms
and Imperial Rooms (decorated in the rococo and *£mpire* styles) and iilso
to inspect the celebrated ••Madonna with the family of Burgomaster Meyer
of B&le, by Holbein the Younger, painted in 1626. A skilful restoration by
A. Hauser (1888) has removed much of the repainting of some of the heads,
and the work again shines with its original glory.
In the square in front of the Palace {?\. B, C,2) stands a bronze
Ecpieitrian Statue of Lewis IV. (d. 1892), by Schaper, nnveiled in
1898. On the N. side of the square is the New Museum, in front of
which stands the War Monument, for 1870-71, by Herzig. — The
New Museum, built by A. Weasel, which is to be opened early in
1904, will contain the collections enumerated on p. 252.
The arrangement of the rooms will be as follows : to the right, In-
dustrial and Technical Arts, the Boman Court (archseological collection),
and the Numismatic Collection ; to the left, the Armoury and the Medieeval
Court (Romanesque-Gothic section). The W. wing will contain the Historical
Collection, distributed over three floors and exhibited in rooms fitted up in
the styles of the periods represented. The E. wing will contain the sculptures.
The Zoological and Kineralogical Collections will be housed in Ihe lower floors
of the main building (towards the N.), and above them will be the Picture
Gallery and the Engravings. Ihe lower floor in the front part of the building
will contain the Hessian Peasants' Rooms and the Ethnographical Collection.
Between the New Museum and the Thbatbb (PI. C, 2), rebuilt
since its destruction by fire in 1871, are Statues, by Scholl, of the
landgrave Philip the Generous (d. 1567) and his son George I.
(d. 1596), founder of the grand-ducal family.
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254 Route 30. PARMSTADT. From Frankfort
Adjacent is the entrance to the Hbil&bn*Gabtbn (Pi. B, 0, 1),
which is well laid out. Under an ivy-clad hill here reposes the
Landgravine Henrietta Carolina (d. 1774'), 'femlna sexu, ingenio vir'
according to the inscription on the urn dedicated to her by Fred-
erick the Great. — To the E. is the Technieal Academy (PL 0, 2;
50 professors and about 1400 students).
In the Markt (Pi. 0, 2) stands the Old Town HaU, a simple Re-
naissance building of 1600. In the Kirch-Strasse, to the S.E., is the
Stadtkirche (PI. 0, 3), with a Gothic choir (1500) and the elaborate
Renaissance monument of Landgrave George I. — Farther on, to
the S.E., are the new BealSchule and the Gymnasium^ founded in
1627. In the gardens in front of the latter is the modem Gothic
Stadt-Capelle (PL C, 3). — In the Wilhelndnen-Platz (PL B, 3) is
a monument to the Qrand-Duchess Alice (see below), from Habich's
designs, erected in 1902. The modern Roman Catholic CAixrc^ (usual
entrance at the S.E. angle), to the S., contains the well-executed
marble sarcophagus of the Grand-Duchess MathUde (d. 1862), with a
recumbent figure of the princess by Widnmann, — On the W. side
of the Platz is the New Palace of the Qrand-Duke, built in 1865,
In the Italian Renaissance style.
To the E. of the town rises the Mathildenhdhe (PL D, £, 1, 2),
with the Alice Hospital (PL D, 1 ; station of the electric tramway
No. 2, p. 251). The Mathildenhdhe is the seat of an Artists' Colony,
established in 1901, with the houses and studios of several well-
known painters and sculptors. Adjacent is the reservoir of the
Tovon Water Works (view). — Farther to the E., beyond the Oden-
wald Railway {Rosenhohe station, see p. 262), is the Bosenhdhe
(PL F, 1, 2), with the Palace of the same name, and the Orand-
Ducal Mausoleum^ containing the remains of the Grand -Duke
Lewis IV. (d. 1892) and his wife, Princess AUce of EngUnd(d. 1878).
The *Tomb of the Princess Elisabeth, who died when a child , wWi
a recumbent figure in marble, is by Rauch (1831).
Environs of Dabhstadt. Pleasant walks may be made in the exten-
sive woods. — To the N.E. of Darmstadt are karUhof (V« hr ), the Fasa-
nerie (1 hr.), the hunting-Beat of Kranichstein (20 min.), and the forester^s
honse of Einsiedel (1 hr.^ to the S. the LudwigAdhe (796 ft.; 40 mia.),
with view-tower and restaurant, and the Rabenflot$kopf (iVs hr.), with the
Albrechts-Thurm.
Fbom Darmstadt to Worms, 27V2M., railway in l-li/ahr. (fares 3 Jf 80,
2 •# 70, 1 •# 90 pf.). 6 M. Oriesheim^ with an extensive artillery-range
and camp (steam-tramway, p. 251); 9M. Wolfskehlen; 10 H. Goddelau-Er/elden,
the junction of the Frankfort and Mannheim line (p. 250), which coincides
with the Worms line as far as (21 M.) Biblis. 24 M. So/heim (im Bied), the
junction of the Bensheim and Worms line (p. 266). We cross the Rhine by
means of an iron bridge to (26V2 M.) Worms-RJteinj the harbour-station. The
train makes a circuit round the N. side of the town. — 27V2M. Worms (p. 281).
From Darmstadt to Mannheim, 3872 M. (fares 4 UlT 35, 2 UlT 90,
Jl 90 pf.; express fares 4 uT 65, 3ur 5 pf., 2 Jf). To Goddelau-Er-
felden, see above; thence to Mannheim^ see p. 250.
From Darmstadt to Merbach, see R. 31b.
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to Heidelbefg, JUOENHEIM. 30, Route. 255
171/2 M. Bestungen, now a snbnrb of Darmstadt, with two
gardens belonging to the Orand-Duke. — Near this point begins
the Bergstra^se, an old road originally constructed by the Romans,
skirting the fruit andyine-cladW. slopes of the Odenwald (to which
the name 'Bergstrasse' is sometimes applied in a wider sense), and
leading to Heidelberg. — 2OV2 M. Eberstadt (Traube; Darmstadter
Hof), 1 M. to the E. of the station. A branch-line runs hence to
(1^2 M.) the busy little town of Pfungstadt (Strauss , with garden),
with 6300 inhab. and a well-known brewery. — On the hills to the
left rises the ruined castle of Frankenstein (1110 ft.), commanding
a splendid *View (inn). The chapel contains tombs of the 16-1 7th
centuries. — 25 M. Bickenbach, the junction of a branch-line to
Jugenheim and Seeheim.
Fbom Bioksnbagh to SssaKiM, 8 M., railway in V4 hr. — IV4 M. Alt-
baeh (Krone ; Sonne, botb plain). Above, to the right, 1/2 hr. from Alsbach
and */4 hr. from Zwingenberg (see below) , is Burg Bickenbach or the Ah-
backer Behiou (775 ft), with an embattled tower. From this point we may
ascend the Melibocus in ^k hr., or follow the winding ^Herrenweg^ (blue
marks) to the (2hrs.) Auerbacher Schloss, or walk on to (1 hr.) Jugenheim.
2 M. Jugenheim (530 ft.-, "Ootdene Krone A Alexander-Bad^ Poet^ pension
at both i^/T^Jlt DeutschetHaut; BchioU'Hdtel)^ a favourite summer-resort,
with pleasant villas. About 1 M. to the S.E. is the chateau of EeiUgenberg
(710 ft.), the residence of Prince Lewis of Battenberg (fine views in the
park). On the way to it we pass a ruined convent, near which, are some
(immured) gravestones of the 15th cent, and the *Gentlinde\ an old lime-
tree marking the site of a ^Centgericht' or Gourt of a Hundred. On an
eminence to the W. are a conspicuous golden cross, erected by the Empress
Mary of Russia (d. 18^) to her mother, the Grand -Dachess Wilhelmina
(d. 1836), and the Mausoleum of Prince Alexander of Hesse (d. 1888).
3 M. 8eeh«im (450 ft. ; Hufiiagel^ very fair, pens. 4-5 •#), where there is
a grand-ducal summer-chateau, the garden of which is open to the public.
Above Seeheim rises the ruined castle of Tannenberg (1115 ft.), destroyed
in 1399 \ it is scarcely visible from below.
271/2 M. Zwingenberg (318ft. ; Lowe , with garden, pens. 874-4,
very fair), an old town, with 1600 inhab., lies at the foot of the
wooded Melibocus or Malehen (1690 ft.), the highest point of the
Bergstrasse and entirely of granite. On the summit is a tower,
erected in 1772 (fee 26 pf., for a party 1 Jf; refreshments).
The ascent of the MelxDoeua, often combined with that of the Fels*
berg, may be made from Alsbach, Zwingenberg, Jugenheim, or Auerbach.
Paths all marked \ carriage to the top 10^12 «#. — Fbom Alsbach (IV4 hr.)
we may ascend either via the castle or by another path more to the E. —
Fbom Jugenheim (IVrl*/* hr.) we proceed to the mouth of the BalkMtuer
Thai and then take either the old route (r.) vi& the Leaer erg or the new
route n. ) blue and white marks) vi& the Roberteruhe. The two routes unite
(3/4 hr.) near the Eattenberger Schneise. — Fbom Zwinoenbebg (IV4 hr.)
the shorter route leads to the E. from the ^LdtDe" and ascends the hill;
after 8 min. the path follows the water-conduit to the right, leads through
a small fir-wood over the Ltuieberg^ and in 25 min. more regains the
carriage-road, which is furnished with direction-posts. — Fbom the Au6b-
baohbb S0HLO88 (V4 hr.) we follow the 'Herrenweg' (blue and white marks)
to the *Nothgottes-Sattel% and then (Orange marks) ascend direct.
29^2 M. Auerbach. —Hotels. *Ebonb, established originally in the
17th cent., R. ls/4, pens. 4-6 Jfj Baubb ^ Tbaubb, B. 1V4-2, pens, from 4«#. —
Lodgings, R. from 7 Jf per week. — Beer at the SchOtzenhof. — Carriage-
tariff at the hotels. r^^^r^I^
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256 Route 30. AUERBACH, From FrankfoH
Aiterbach (330 ft J, a picturesque Tillage of 1800 inhab. , men-
tioned as early as 7y5, is a favourite summer-resort, and affords
good headquarters for excursions in the W. part of the Odenwald.
Good wine is produced in the neighbourhood, the best quality being
called Rottwein.
The *Auerbacher Schloss is situated on an eminence (1150 ft.;
inn) to the N.E. of the village, whence footpaths ascend on the
S. and "W. sides of the hill in V2-*/4 ^r* The carriage-road leading
through the Hochst&tter-Thal skirts the S. and E. sides. Said to
have been founded by Charlemagne, the castle appears after 1257
as a fortress of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen, held at first as a fief
of the monastery of Lorsch (see below), and then of the Electorate of
Mayence. The present building dates from the 15th cent. ; in 1674
it was blown up by Turenne. The view from the towers is less ex-
tensive but more picturesque than that from the Melibocus. — A
little to the W., below the Nothgottes-Sattel (p. 255), the found-
ations of the ancient Capelle zur Heiligen Noth Oottes were dis-
covered in 1892, and the site of the altar marked by a new crucifix.
From Auerbach the *Neue Weg', which diverges to the left from
the path to the castle at the upper end of the village, leads thither
in 3/4 hr.
Enviuons. One of the prettiest points near Auerbach is the Ffirst^i-
lager, a small chateau built during tiie 18th century by the Landgraves of
Hesse , and enlarged by Lewis I. (p. 261), with a chalybeate spring and
charming grounds. Coffee and milk may be had at the ch§,teau. It may be
reached by the road in 20 min. from the ^Krone" inn, or (pleasanter) by
following the path to the right indicated by the finger-post opposite the inn.
— The walk from the Auerbacher Schloss to the Fiirstenlager is also
pleasant : we follow the broad road to the E. as far as the mineral spring
in the ffoehsUitter-Thal (refreshments at the forester's), pass the mill, and
turn to the W. to the Neun AuisicMen (*nine views'), a clearing in the
wood, where nine different picturesque views are obtained through the nine
forest-paths which converge here. Farther on we reach the Fiirstenlager
(l«/4 hr. in all). — About Va hr. to the E. of the Fiirstenlager lies SehOnberg
(p. 260).
30 M. Bensheim (330 ft.; Beuter's Hotel, at the station;
Deutsches Haus, Traube, in the town) is a busy town (7200 in-
hab.) in a picturesque situation at the entrance of the Lauter-Thal,
through which the road ascends to Schonberg and Beichenbach
(p. 260). It dates as far back as the 8th century , and till 1802
belonged to Mayence. The two churches, Roman Catholic and Pro-
testant, are modern.
Fboh Bensheim to Wobms, 14M., railway in about «/4 hr. — 3M. Lorsch
(4000 inhab. ; ffdtel Hartmann)^ on the WeschnitZy with ruins of a monastery
(Laureshamense Monasterium), founded in 763 on an island in the Weschnitz
and afterwards removed to its present site. In 788 Charlemagne assigned
it as a place of banishment to Tassilo , Duke of Bavaria , who had been
condemned to death as a traitor. To the E. of the Markt-Platz, V* hr. from
the station, is the ^Miehaelt- Capelle (key kept by theisacristan of the parish-
church), which is now recognized as the monastery - portal erected by
Lewis the German about 880 hi the style of a Roman triumphal arch. This
building, now used as a chapel, is one of the most elegant and best-pre-
served specimens of the architecture of the period. It is oblong in form,
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to Heidelberg, WEINHEIM. . 30. Route. 257
with a high-pitched roof and a round apse (now used for the staircase
only). The two stories are separated by a leaf-pattern frieze resting on
four composite columns. On the long sides large round-headed arches have
been cut between the pilasters , but the upper story seems to be in its
original condition. This story is adorned with an arcade of nine triangular-
headed arches resting on Ionic pilasters. The flat surfaces of both stories
are covered with a rough kind of mosaic work , in alternate squares of
white and red. The interior has been mach modernized. Lewis himself,
Lewis III., and Gunigunde, wife of £mp. Conrad I., are interred at Lorsch.
Their stone coffins seem to belong to the Garlovingian era. The Nibe-
lungen-Lied represents the vaults at Lorsch as the burial-place of Sieg-
fried and Queen Ute (mother of Ghriemhilde). Beyond the chapel are
some portions of the nave of the convent-church, which was consecrated
in 1130.
8 M. BUrttadt (p. 250) ^ lOVt M. Hofheim im Ried, and thence to Worms,
see p. 254.
Near (33V2 M.) Heppenheim (328 ft.; Halber Mond; Darm-
ttadter Hof; 6800 inhab.), to the left of the road, rises the Landbetg,
a hill crowned with three trees, where the provincial tribunals were
held in the middle ages. The church of Heppenheim was founded
by Charlemagne, according to an old inscription. The present
edifice is of later times.
The ruin of Btarkenburg (930 ft.) is reached by a good path from
Heppenheim in Vs hr. It was erected in 1064 by an abbot of Lorsch,
captured by the Swedes and Spaniards in the Thirty Years'* War, and
besieged in vain by Turenne in 1674. It gives its name to a province of
Hesse. Fine view from the lofty square tower.
The train now enters the dominions of Baden. 35 M. Louden-
bach. Beyond (37 M.) Hemsbaeh we cross the small Weschnitz,
40 M. Weinheim. — Hotels. PfIlzbb Hof, a well-known house,
with large garden, R. IVz-S, T). 2, pens. 41/2-5 •#; Vier Jahsbszeiten, in
the town ; Pbinz Wilhblm, at the station.
Weinheim (345 ft.), a leather-making town of 11,200 inhab.,
lies at the union of the Qorxheim and Birkenau valleys. It once
belonged to the Abbey of Lorsch, and is of ancient origin , though
owing to its destruction during the Thirty Years' War and in the
devastation of the Palatinate in 1689, there are few old buildings of
any importance. A few towers belonging to the former fortifications,
the House of the Teutonic Order (now a government-office), and the
Gothic Rathhaus are the only relics of its former prosperity. The
Gothic towers of the Roman Catholic Church and the Berkheirri'sche
Schloss are modern. — To the E. rises the old castle of Windeck
(720 ft.), with its high conical *Bergfried' tower (p. 127), the pro-
perty of the monastery of Lorsch in the 12th cent., afterwards that
of the Palatinate , commanding a beautiful view. Pleasant walks
may also be taken to the Fuchsen-Miihle (garden-iestaurant ; station
on the railway mentioned at p. 261) in the Birkenauer-Thal^ the
Oorxheimer-Thal , the Kaatanienwald , the Waehenberg (1320 ft.),
Oeier$berg (1120 ft.), Hirschkopf (1145 ft.), etc. — Hubberger, the
best wine of the Bergstrasse, is produced near Weinheim.
Fbom Wbinhbim to Heidelbeeg, IOY2 M.J steam-tramway in IV* hr.
along the Bergstrasse. IVs M. LUtzel-Sacnten (Traube), known for its red
B4.bdk<br''8 Rhine. 16th Edit. 17* -
258 BouUdl. FELSBERG. Odenwald.
wine ; 2V3 M. Oross-Sachten (also rail, stat., see below) ; SVs H. LeuUrS'
haiuen; 51/2 M. Schrietheim (Deutscher Kaiser), coaunanded by the ruins
of the atrahlenbwg (670 ft.; inn). Then past the former stronghold of
Schauenburg to (7 M.) Douenheim^ with quarries of red porphyry. — 9 M.
Handschuehsheim (Krone; Baditcher So/; Bother Odi$e)^ much visited by
Heidelberg students. The line passes over the new Neokar bridge and
reaches its terminus in the BUmarck- Piatt at (IOV2 M.) Seidetberg (p. 264) .
Fbom Weinhbim to Mannheik, IOV2 M., steam - tramway vii Viem-
heim and Kdferthal (p. 250) in 1 hr.
Railway from Weinheim to FUrth^ see p. 261.
43 M. OrossSachaen, — 46 M. Ladenburg (Rose) , the Roman
Lopodunum , to wMch the walls and towers, and the old Gothic
church of St, Gallus (14th cent.) give an air of importance. The
Neckar is crossed here by a bridge of red sandstone.
48V4M. Friedrichsfeld^ where the lines to Heidelberg and Mann-
heim separate. — A branch-line leads hence to (4V2M.) Sehwetzingen
(p. 275).
55 M. Heidelberg, seep. 264. — 541/4 M. Mannheim, see p. 276.
31. The Odenwald.
The Odenwald, a wooded mountain-district lying between Darmstadt and
Heidelberg and extending on the E. as far as the Main, is about 4DM. in
length and 24-30 M. in breadth. Its W. mass is formed mainly of granite
and syenite, its £. portion of variegated sandstone. The highest points are
the Katzenbuckel (2t055 ft., see p. mi. the Neunkircher Hdhe (1985 ft., see
p. 259), the Krehberg (1965 ft., see p. 230), the Tronrn (I860 ft, see p. 261),
the Meliboeu* (1690 ft., see p. 255), and the Felsberg (1645 ft., see below).
This district is picturesque and interesting at places, although inferior to
the Black Forest. The Odenwald Club has constructed paths (map published
at Darmstadt, 1894 \ 2 Jt) and erected belvederes at various points.
a. Western Portion.
One Day : From Bickenbach to the Felsberg 2 hrs. , thence to Linden-
felt 31/2 hrs., and thence in 1 hr. to FUrih, where the railway is regained.
Two Days. First day. as above to Lindenfele. Second day: by the
Tromm to Waldmi<AelbcK:h 3V2 hrs., thence by Ober- and Unter-SchUnmatten-
wag to Hi¥schhorn 4 hrs., or vi& scMnau to Neekarsteinach 5 hrs.
From Jugenheim (p. 255) to the Felsberg (II/2 hr.). Beyond
the chateau of Heiligenberg (see p. 255) we ascend to the right
through the grounds, and, at the finger-post indicating the way
(" Wilhelminenweg^ ) to the Felsberg ^ turn to the left round the hill,
whence a pleasing glimpse of the Melibocus is obtained. We next
ascend along the edge of the wood (view of the Auerbacher Schloss)
to the Staff eler Kreuz (Ouralpe Inn), and then to the right (somewhat
steeper) to the Felsberg (1645 ft. ; *H6tel Felsberg^ R. 1 V2, !>• ^^k'%
pens. 4 Jf; restaurant at the Foresters). The view to the E. embraces
a great part of the Odenwald , and extends to the Spessart and
Aschaffenburg. A rough cart-track (finger-posts behind the hotel)
leads to (5 min.) the Altarsteiny a cubical block of syenite, bearing
traces of an attempt to hew it into lengths for a huge architrave.
About 5 min. lower down, in a small gully, is the Biesensdule, a
column of the same material, 30 ft. in length, and 3r4i/2 fjt. thick,
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Odenwald. NEUNKIRCHEN. 3U Route. 269
-with a notch 1^2 i^ch deep in the middle. There is no douht that
an old Roman quarry once existed here, which perhaps also furnish-
ed the columns on the Schlosgbrunnen at Heidelberg (p. 269). The
Felaenmeer ('sea of rocks'), on the side of the road, below the
Riesensaule, consists of blocks of syenite scattered in huge and con-
fused masses, covering an area of 500 paces by 200. — A path,
indicated by reddish-brown marks, descends past the Felsenmeer
to Reichenbach (p. 260) in less than 3/4 lir-
Fboh thb Mblibogus to thb Felsbbbg is a walk of nearly 11/2 l^r-
The path (orange marks) ascends on the E. aide of the hill (to the right the
^Neunkrnmmweg', see below) to the saddle separating the Balkhanser-Thal
from the Hochstatter-Thal, and then follows the N.W. flank of the Felsberg.
Ascent of the Felsbbbg fbom Atjebbach (p. 255), 2-2V2 hrs. One
path (to the left as we quit the village \ red and white marks) leads vi&
HocIut&Uen^ another (yellow marks) via the FilrttenUtger (p. 266). The
return should be made by the picturesque path leading towards the Meli-
bocus (p. 255 i orange marks). This passes to the S. of Balkhauten, follows
the height above the Hochstatter-Thal (the ^Neun Kriimm') to the Noth-
gottes-Sattel (p. 255), and then the 'Herrenweg^ (blue and white) to the
(iVa hr.) Auerbacher Schloss.
Fbom Felsbbbg to Lindbnfels via the Nbxtneibcheb HShb,
31/2 l»rs. This is the route usually chosen by tourists. We take the
a1y)Ye-mentioned cart-track to the Altarateiny but diverge to the left
before reaching this and foUow the yellow way-marks to Beeden-
kirchen, taking care to go straight on beyond the church, and not to
the right (to Lautem). Beyond Beedenkirchen guide-posts indicate
the route to (2/4 hr.) Brandau (1040 ft.), whence a public vehicle
plies twice daily to Ober-Ramstadt (8 M. ; see p. 262). From Brandau
to Neunkirchen we may either take the direct path (white way-
marks) in IV2 l^r- ; 01 choose the longer route (1^4-2 hrs.) via Lutzel-
bach (*Meyer*8 Inn, pens. 3-31/2 •^)» iiear which, to the left of the
road to Klein-Bieberau (white and blue way-marks)J is a lofty pre-
cipice known as the Wildfrauhatu. — At Heunkirclien (1680 ft.;
Gtiiner Baum^ very fair , pens. 3 JT) a monument commemorates
flerr Ohly, the founder of the Odenwald Club.
A path indicated by white marks descends from Keunkirchea and
then ascends through wood to the (»/« hr.) *Weinweg' (see below), whence
t again descends to the ('/z hr.) ruin and farm of Bodenstein (p. 262).
An easy path (red way-marks) ascends from Neunkirchen to the
(1/2 hr-) top of the Neunkirclier Hohe (1985 ft.), the highest point
in the Hessian Odenwald, with a view-tower (75 ft. ; 20 pf.) com-
manding an extensive survey as far as the Haardt, Taunus, Vogels-
berg, and Spessart. A path (green marks), rough at first, descends
henoe to the S. to the road and (1/2 ^^') WinterkasUn and thence,
passing the pavilion on the Litzelroder (p. 260), to (35 min.) Linden-
fel8 (p. 260).
Amongst the other paths radiating in all directions from the Neun-
kircher Hdhe one (yellow and orange marks) leads to the S.W. to (^/a hr.)
Oademheim (p. 260) j and another (yellow) to the N.E. vid FrHheit (a
Utile beyond which, to the left, above, is the WildficHbehensteiri) to (1 1/2 br.)
Rodenttein (p. 262) and (3/4 hr.) Nonrod. From the latter path, about
20 min. from the Neunkircher Hdhe, the Weinweg (see above 5 red and
17* ^
260 Route 31, LINDENFELS. Odenwald.
white triangular marks) diverges to the left and leads through wood to
the (11/4 hr.) saddle above KTonrod (fine view) and thence to (l^^ hr. more)
Grosi-Bieberau (p. 262).
High Boad fboh Bbnsheim to Limdekpels, 11 M., diligence
twice daily in gummer in 3 hrs. (returning in 2 hrs.). The road
ascends the valley of the hauler to (I8/4 M. firom Bensheim) Sohdn-
berg (Sonne; Traube)^ a village with a chateau of Count Eibach-
Schonherg. Fine view from the garden of the chateau and from the
village-church. — Thence we proceed vll WUmshausen and EtmB-
hausen to (2V2 M. farther) Beichenbach (625 ft. ; Traxibe'), a village
of 1300 inhab., with a war-monument and a fountain in the market-
place formed of hewn blocks of syenite from the Felsberg (p. 268).
The way to the (1 hr.) Felsberg, past the monument, to the right,
is indicated by a guide-post.
The road now ascends the gradually contracting valley, past the
ultramarine works of Lautem^ to (2^2 M.) Oadernheim (1140 ft. ;
Rettich's Inn) and, past Schmidt's Inn, 'to (IV4 M.) Kolmbach
(1340 ft.), and finally crosses the Kolmbacher Hohe (1476 ft. ;
fine view) to (3 M.) Lindenfels.
A shorter footpath (IV4 hr. ; orange marks) diverges to the left from tbe
Lindenfels highroad to the E. of Beichenbach, and joins the road leading
to Oonnt Erbacb's farm of Sohensteimi at the (Vs H.) Sohe JStein^ a quarts
crag projecting from the woods (beside which is a memorial stone to Prince
Alexander of Bulgaria) we diven;e once more to the left, and, beyond
lTnter-Ra(delbaeh, regoin the highroad at a point between Gademheim
and Kolmbach.
Knoden, where the key of the view-tower on the hill (1750 ft.) is to
be obtained at Beinig's Inn, lies >/« ^t^* to the S. of the farm of Hohen-
stein, IVs hr. to the B. of SchSnberg (vi& Oronau and Schvannenbaeh), and
V4 hr. to the S.W. of Gademheim. To the S. of Enoden is the wooded
KrtKberg (1966 ft.).
Lindenfels. — Hotels. ^Hbssibghbs Haus, with shady garden, in the
town>, * Victoria, in the Bensheimer-Str., with garden-, Odenwald, Habfe,
both in the town, these three also good, pens. 4472 Jt\ Tbadbb, Daiui-
STADTBB HoF, to the S., both plain, pens. 3i/t M'^ Villa Einsibdbl, pens.
i-bM\ Villa Maria (for invalids *, Dr. Schmidt), pens. 3-10 UK; Bb. Wbiss-
mahn's Lodging Hodsb, opposite the Hessische Haus, with pretty view.
Lindenfels (1170 ft.), a favourite summer-resort (1500 inhab.),
the finest point in the Odenwald, with a modern Prot. church and
an older Rom. Cath. church, is picturesquely situated on an
eminence. It is surrounded by the remains of old fortifications
and is commanded by a large ruined Chdteau (1310 ft.) , formerly
the property of the Palatinate. — On the beautiful wooded hill 1 M.
to the E. is the Ludwigshohey a small wooden temple commanding
a fine view, especially picturesque by evening-light. Towards theE.,
the prospect is more extensive from a point 1/4 hr. higher up. —
Attractive views are also obtained from the Carolinen'Tempel, 1/2 hr.
to the N.W. of Lindenfels, in the 'Buch', above the road to Kolmbach
and Gademheim, and from the Litsxlrdder^ 20 min. to the N., on
the way to Winterkasten (p. 269).
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Odenwald, FCRTH. 31, Route. 261
Fboh Lindenfbls to Heppbnhkih, about 13 M., pleasant footpath (red
and white way-marks). We take the path descending to the left at the
last house before the gate of the ch&tean, and then the third path on the
right. Beyond EuUbach we climb to the top of the hill on the other
side of the valley and at the beginning of the wood turn to the left to
(V4 hr.) £rlenbach and O/z hr.) liiUershaiuen ^ a little beyond which we
strike the highroad from Fiirth to Heppenheim. Following this over the
saddle, we then take the path through the meadows on the left to (V4 hr.)
XirtchhausM and in V^ hr* more reach Heppenheim (p. 257). A guide-post
just beyond Eirsehhausen indicates the route to the right to the Starken-
burg (p. 267).
Fbom Lindbnfbls to F6bth, highroad, see below. A shorter footpath
(green way-marks) descends to the S. from Lindenfels, enters the (10 min.)
wood to the left, (25 min. farther) crosses a fir-clad eminence (avoid the
path to the left here), and reaches Fiirth in 10 min. more.
Fbom Wbinheim to FtJRTH, 10 M., branch -railway in about
1 hour. — Weinheimy see p. 267. The train passes the station Zwm
Birkeiumer Thai and ascends the picturesque valley, which is watered
by the Weschniiz. — 2V2 M. Birkenau^ a village with 1500 inhab,,
possesses a Prot. and a Bom. Cath. church, and a chateau and park
of Baron von Wambolt. — 372 M. Reisaen, — 5V2 M. Morlenhach
(Krone), with 1000 inhabitants.
Fbom Moblbnbagh to Wahlbn, 10 M., railway in ca. 1 hr. — 2 M. Weiher ;
5M. ^eidach'^ 6 M. WaldmicJielbach (see below); 7 M. Unter-Waldmichelbach\
V/t M. Aichbacht 9 M. Amterbaeh. — 10 M. Wahlm.
Waldmiohelbach (1210 ft.; Starkenbwffy pens. 8-3V2 Jft Odenwaldy pens.
S-iJOi a picturesquely situated little town (pop. 2000), and a capital
centre for excursions. Fine view from the Bchimmelherg (1640 ft.), 1 hr.
to the N.W. (path indicated by yellow circles), near Siallenkandel on the
highroad, 3 M. from Zotzenbach (see below). — To Hibsohhoen (p. 274),
121/* M., a diligence plies once a day from Waldmichelbach viS SehffnmaUefh
teag (Hirseh Inn at Unter-Schonmattenwag), Heddeabaeh^ and Langenihal.
Another path, marked by orange triangles, leads from Waldmichel-
bach to (1 hr.) SiedeUbrvnn (Morgenstera). Thence we may continue
to follow the same path vili Ober'Abtteincuhy Unter-Abtteinach, the Eichelberg
(1730 ftO) the Bchrie$heimerhof^ and the ffocJittraue to (61/4 hrs.) Heidel-
berg. Or we may take the path indicated by blue marks to G^V* ^rs.)
HHUgkrBut-SUinaeh (Lowe, pens. 3^ Ul), whence another (red circles) leads
to (1 hr.) SiMnau (p. 274) and Neckarsteinach (p. 273).
7 M. Zotzenbach, 1/2 M. from the village of that name. — 8 M.
Bimbach (Dmtaeher KaUer, very fair , R. & B. 1 Vj Jf) is a village
with 1800 inhabitants. — 9^2 M. Fahrenbach- Lortenbach. —
10 M. Furth (620 ft.; AdUr, very fair, R. 1-1 V2, D. IV2 -^T), with
1400 inhab., 41/2 M. by road from Lindenfels (p. 260) via Krum-
bach (two -horse carriage 6 Jf), and about 3 M. by the footpath
(white and green marks).
Paths ascend firom Bimbach (white triangular way-marks) and from
Furth (green way-marks) to the S.E. to the (IV2 hr.) top of the Tronun
(1860 ft.), which commands an extensive view (belvedere on the top \ key
at the Inn tw Bchdntn AussicTU). We then proceed to the S., passing
several hovels, and at the point where the path enters an oak-plantation
descend to the right to Oadem. Hence the route leads through a pleasant
valley to Waldmichelba<^ (see above).
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262 Rouuai. REIGHELSHEIAI. Odenwdld.
b. EaBtem Portion.
From Franktobt to Edbbbagh, 66 M., in 2Vr-3*/4 hrs. (farea 8 UK 60,
5 UK 80, 3 UK 80 pf.)- — From Darmstadt to Wikbklsbach, ITi/a M., in 1 hr.
(fares 2 UK 30, 1 UK 70, 1 UK 20 pf.) ; at Wiebelsbacli the two lines unite.
Frankfort^ see p. 221 ; departure from the E. station. — 3 M.
Mainkur. About 2 M. to the N., on the bill, is Bergen (Zur Schfinen
Aussicbt, a garden-restaurant), a favourite resort of the Frankforters.
The Bergener Warie is a good point of view ; to the right, on the
other side of the Main, are the village and ch&teau of Rumpenheim.
— 6M. HochsUidt-Domigheim ; 9M. WiUielmsbad, another favourite
resort of the Frankforters.
10 M. HanaUj W. station ; 11 M. Hanau, E. station (•Restau-
rant), the junction for the express-trains from Frankfort and Stutt-
gart to Berlin. Hanan (Adler, R. 2-4 Jf ; Biese), situated near the
confluence of the Kinzig and the Main, is a pleasant-looking town
with 30,000 inbab. and flourishing manufactures of trinkets and
tobacco. In the Neustadter Marktplatz is a monument to the brothers
Orimm^ who were born here (1785 and 1786). On the Main lies the
ch4teau of Philippsruhey belonging to the Landgrave of Hesse.
TheOdenwald railway now turns to theS. and crosses the Main.
— 1 3 M. KUin-Auheim; 14 M. Hainstadt — 17 M. Seligenstadt^ a small
town with 4000 inhab., owes its name to a celebrated Benedictine
abbey founded about 828 by Eginhard , the biographer of Charle-
magne. The church has been entirely modernised in appearance, and
few traces of the original building have been left.
23^2 ^* Bahenhausen, the junction of the Darmstadt and
Aschaffenburg railway. The Protestant church, an edifice in the
Transition style with a late-Gothic cboir and aisle, contains gome
interesting monuments of the Counts of Hanau and a late-Gothic
carved altar of 1518. — 26 M. Langstadt; 28 M. KUin-Umstadt ;
30 M. OroaS'Umstadt; 33 M. Wiebelsbach-Heubach (p. 263>
Darmstadt, see p. 251. Beyond (5 M.) Rosenhohe (p. 254) the
line traverses extensive woods. — 5^2 M. Nieder^Ramstadt-Traisa,
We skirt the litUe Modau. — 7^2 M. Ober-Ramstadt (Wiener's Inn,
R. IV4, B. 1/2, D. 1 -4^ ; to Brandau, see p. 259); 10 M. Zeilhard, —
121/2 M. Reinheim (528 ft.; Darmstadter Hof), an old town with
1900 inhab., on the Otrsprerhz, is the junction for Offenbach (p. 250;
231/2 M., in 2-21/2 hrs.) and for Reichelsheim.
From Rbinhbim to Rbichblsheim, 11 M., railway in sbont 1 hr. (fares
1 UK 10, 75 pf.). The line follows the busy Oertprmt-ThaU — 1«A M.
Orott'Bieberau (Post), with 1600 inbab., whence several footpaths lead vi2
the Neunkircher Hdhe to Lindenfels in 3-4 hrs. — 7 M. yieder-KaiUibaOi
is the station for F^Snkiach-Crutnbtieh (Horr sum Rodenstein), a market-
town >/« V- to the 8.W., with a chateau. To the 8.E. of Ifieder-Kains-
bach, overlooking the Kcdmbacher-Thal, is the (IVs M.) ruined cattle of
Schtiellerts (p. 263). — 11 M. Reichelsheim (766 ft. *, Snffely very fair; Adler)y a
prettily-situated village, commanded by the ruin of Reiehenberg (1076 ft.).
In a sequestered hilly and wooded region, V4 hr. to the N.W. of this point,
rises the ruined castle of Rodenttein, from which, according to the popular
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Odenwald. MIOHELSTADT. 31, Route. 263
legend, when a war is about to break out, the Wild Huntsman and his
train gaUop with fearful din to the castle of Schnellerts (p. 262). — From
Reichelsheim to Linden/eU (p. 260), 5 M. (dUigence daily).
151/2 M. Lengfeld (660 ft; Krone). At the top of the Ottherg
(1206 ft. ; 40 min.), round which lies the little town of Hering^
is the old castle of that name, with a massive tower (extensive view).
171/2 M. WieheUhach'Heubcuih^ where the line unites with that
from Frankfort (p. 262).
3672 M. (from Frankfort) Hdchst (520 ft. ; Post, very fair ; Burg
Brtubtrg\ a town with 1900 inhab., lies in the valley of the Mum-
ling^ which the train now ascends to Erbach.
About 2>/2 M. lower down the pleasant Miimling-Thal (diligence twice
a day) lies NemUidt (Zum Ochsen, D. 1, pens. 3 Ul), above which rises the
imposing, partly ruined castle of Breuberg (1000 ft.; restaurant). — A
marked path leads from Keustadt to (2V2 lirs-) y^Orth.
^S}iL,Mumling-Qrumbachi 4OV2M. Konigf 42^/2 M. Zell-Kirch-
hrombach. The valley contracts. To the right, farther on, Is Schloaa
FufstenaUy partly bnilt before 1270, with fonr towers and a shady
park, which has been the seat of the Counts of Erbach-Furstenau
since the 14th century. To the W., at the beginning of the village
of Steinhach, are the remains of an interesting convent -church,
founded by Eglnhard (p. 264) in 827. The nave, the apse, the
smaller apse of the N. transept, and part of the crypt are preserved.
It lies about 3/4 M. from the station of Mlchel^tadt.
45 M. Michelfltadt (885 ft.; *H6tel Friedrieh, R. IVr^, B. 3/^,
pens, from ijf; Alt-Deutscher Hof; Furstenautr Hof), a town with
3200 inhab., mentioned in history as early as 741, Ues in one of
the prettiest parts of the Miimling-Thal. The late- Gothic Pcwish
Church contains some good monuments of the Counts of Erbach.
The Rathhaus (1484) and some other buildings are interesting ex-
amples of timber-architecture. The Market Fountain dates from
1541 . A few relics of the old fortifications still exist. Near the
town and the station is Dr, Scharfehberg's HydropatbicEsiflblishment
(R. 5-25, pens. 30-60 uT per week).
From Michelstadt a road ascends to the E., passing Dor f Erbach and
(4Vs M.) Count Erbach's shooting-box EuHbach^ with its fine deer-park, to
(7i/« M.) Amorbach (5A66 ft. ; BadUeher Ho/, fair; Pott), a town with 2200 in-
hab., the junction of railways to Aschaffenburg and to Walldum and
Inckaeh. Amorbach is the residence of Prince Leiningen, and contains a
suppressed Benedictine abbey, the church of which (now Prot.) has two
BomanesQue towers and a nave rebuilt in the 18th century. In the convent
building is a fine rococo library hall. In the neighbourhood are several
Roman camps. — Prom Amorbach a diligence runs daily to (13 M.) Kail-
bach (p. 264), via Emstthal (Prins Ernst, B. from 2, pens. 6 Jf), iVa M.
from which is Wald- Leiningen, a modern ch&teau in the English-Gothic
style, with a deer-park. Pedestrians should select the red-marked path vii
(IVi hr.) the Wildenburg (or Wilden/elt). one of the most important ruins
in the Odenwald, about I'A hr. from Emstthal. A pleasant walk may also be
taken' from Eailbach or Emstthal via Eduard$lhal, Reitenbach, MUlben,
Katzenbach, and the Kateenbuckel (p. 274) to Eberbach (p. 274).
Fboh Amobbacu to MiLTBMBBao, 5V« M., railway in V2 ^^' " ^*l* ^'
WHlbach (Bngel). ^ j
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264 Route 31. . ERBAOH.
6Vf M. Kiltenbftrg (Engelf Riete)^ a busy little town with 3600 inhab.,
charmingly aituated on the Main^ with extensire quarries of red sand-
stone, which were known to the Romans. The old Chdteau of the Electors
of Mayence, built in the 15th cent, and destroyed by Albert of Branden-
burg in 1662, has been recently restored, and contains a fine collection of
antiquities and objects of art (visitors admitted); it commands an ad-
mirable view. The town contains several curious timber-dwellings (e.g.
the *Biese' Inn) and gate-towers. — Opposite Miltenberg lies the Franciscan
monastery of EngeUherg^ another good point of view. In the woods, to
the W. of Miltenberg, are the so-called Heunm-Scivien Ceolumns of the
Huns'), twelve gigantic columns of syenite, the remains of a quarry of
the Roman period, which appears to have been suddenly abandoned. —
From Miltenberg to (22V2 M.) AscJuiffenburg^ see Baedeker^t Southern Oermanp.
47 M. Erbach (815 ft ; *Sehutzenhof, R. & B. 2-2V2, D. 2, pens.
4-5 Jfi Odenwaldj R. & B. 2% pens. 3V2-^ -^j ^ery fair; AdUr,
unpretending), a town with 2o00 inhab., sitaated in the Miimling-
Thal, is the principal place in the dominions of Count Erbach. The
8chlo88f rebuilt in the Renaissance style in the 16th cent, on the
site of a very ancient castle, and partly restored in the 18th cent. ,
contains an interesting collection of armour, old fire-arms, valuable
stained glass of the 13-17th cent., Etruscan vases, and other anti-
quities (not always open ; catalogue 50 pf.). In the court is a statue
of Count Franz von Erbach (d. 1823), the founder of the collections.
In the chapel is a stone Sarcophagus of the 13th or 14th cent, which
once held the remains of Eginhard (p. 263) and his wife Emma,
brought from the church of Seligenstadt in 1810 (fee 75 pf.").
The train now crosses the Miimling and gradually ascends the
E. side of the valley, high above the river. Near (51 V2 M.) Hetz-
bach'Beerfelden it traverses the Himbachel Viaduct j 825 ft. long
and 145 ft. high. The line penetrates the Krahberg by a tunnel
2 M. long and follows the winding course of the liter, 56 M.
SchoUenbach; 58 M. Kailbach (p. 263); 61 V2 M. Qaimuhle (to the
Katzenbuckel IV4 hr., see p. 274). — 66 M. Eberbae\ see p. 274.
32. Heidelberg and the Valley of the Neckar.
The Railway Station (366 ft.; Restaurant ^ D. 2 Jt) ia on the W. side
of the town. The quick trains alone have through-carriages. The Keckar-
Thal line has a second station at the CarUihor; see p. 273.
Hot^. Near the Station: ^HStbl db l'Eubopb (PI. a), in the Leopold-Str.,
with lift and garden, B. 4-6, B. IVi, D. at 1 p.m. 4, pens. 9Vs-l2 UK;
*aBAND-HdTBL (Pi. g), Bohrbacber-Str. 11, also with garden, B. from 3 •#,
B. 1 UK 20 pf., D. SVzt pens, from 7^2 Jff *=Schbibdbb (PI. b), at the station,
R. 21/2-6, B. IV4, D. 31^, pens, from 7 Jf; *Victobia (PI. Q, in the Leopold-
Str., with veranda, R. from 3, B. IV4, D. 3V«, pens, from 8 Jff MftTBOPOLK,
Anlage22, B. from 3, B. IV4, D. 21/2-4, pens, from 8 UK. new 5 *H6t.-Pbns.
Lang (PI. 1), Rohrbacher-Str. 13, near the station, R. 2i/j-4, B. 1, D. 2i/i,
pens. 6-8 Jf; Dabmstadtbb Hof (PI. i), near the station, very fair, B. 21/4-3,
B. 1, D. 21/2, pens, from 61/2 UK. — Hbidelbbbgbr Hof, Wrede-Platz,
with restaurant; Batbischbb Hof (PI. h), near the station; Bbichspost,
next the post-office, B. 21/2-4, B. 1, D. 11/2-21/2 UK, very fair; Hot. Habbbb A
Pens. Beau-S6jodr, Anlage 32 A 39, with restaurant and American bar,
R. & B. from 21/2, pens, from 6 UK.
In the Town (1 M. from the station) : *Psinz Cabl (PI. c), in the Kom-
markt (p. 268), an old-established house, with lift, B. 2-6 UK, A. 60 pf..
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Hota$. HEIDELBERG. 32. BouU. 265
B. 1 Ul^ 20 pf., D. 31/2, pens. 7-10 Jf; Adlbb (PI. d), also in the Eornmarictf
with restaurant. — H6tkl zum Ritteb (PI. k ; p. 267), E. 2-3, fi. 1, D. 2V2 Jf,
well spoken of; Badisghbb Hof, Haupt-Str. 113, B. V/i-SJl, B. 70 pf. —
SiLBEBNBB HiBscH, in the market-place, good wine from the cask: Pbinz
Max, Marstall-Str. ; Hollamdisgbeb Hor, by the old bridge, R. iy2-2V2,
B. V« Jf^ both plain. — Pebkeo , Haupt-Str. 75, hotel garni, R. 1V«-2V2 Jf.
On the Bill ^ beside the Castle: *ScHL088-HdTEL (p. 271), commanding a
fine view, first-class, omn. from the station 1 Jf (closed in winter) *, Bbllbvub,
belonging to the same company , R. 3-6 Ulf , B. 1 Ul^ 80 pf. , D. 4 , omn.
iVs •^> *SoHLOSSPABK HoTBL & PBNSiosr, Wolfsbruunenweg 12, a little
higher up, R. 2-4, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 7-9 Jf. — *Kohlhop (p. 272), reached
from the station by cab in IV4 hr. (10 Jf).
Peniioni. *Pension Anglaise (Miss Abrahams), Anlage 49 (pens. 4-6 .40 ;
*Pens. Internationale (Mrs. Hoffman), Anlage 10 (4-7 U^^ Schildeeker, cor.
of the Block -Sir. and Theater-Str. (4-4i/s Jl)\ Flora, Anlage 24 (4-5 UV);
iSMto, Schlierbach Road 91 (4V2-5Vs*^)i KarUihor, Haupt-Str. 248 (4-5 UT);
QuMsana, Blumen-Str. 7, at Keuenheim (4-6 .40-
^ Bestanrants. *Perkeo, D. from IV4 Jf (rooms to let, see above);
Stddiisehe Saalbau, in a new building on the Neckar; Rodensteiner, Sand-
gasse; Stadtgarten, in the Anlage (concerts in the evening; comp. p.'^6B);
Luxhof, Haupt-Str. 24. — *Schermers' Luncheon Rooms, Haupt-Str. 71. —
Open-air Beitaurants. Bremeneek, in the new Schloss-Str., beside the cable-
railway; ^Sehloss-Restaurant (p. 271), D. %SJf,' Bchiff, beyond the new
bridge; WaWwrn, above the old bridge (R. IV2-2, B. V* •*)•
Oafei. Cafi Impirial, Wrede-Platz; HSberlein, Leopold - Str. , both in
the Anlage (p. 266); Cafi Waehter, in the Markt, frequented by students.
Cabs. (All with two horses.) For a drive within the town, or beyond
the bridges to Neuenheim: 1 pers. 60, 2 pers. 90, 3 pers. 1 Ul^ 5, 4 pers.
1 •# 20 pf. ; between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. (9-7 in winter) double fares ; each
heavy box 20 pf. ~ By Ume: per hour 2 Jf,2Jf QO, or 2 UT 60 pf. ; each
addit. 1/4 br., 60 or 65 pf. — To the CastU (direct) 1-4 pers. 2 Jf, there
and back 4 Jf; JSehloss-HdUl 8 UT 30 pf., there and back 4 Jf; Castle and
Molkencur 6, there and back ^ Jf; Castle, Molkencur^ and Wolfshrunnen
7 or S Jf; CasUe, Molkeneur, and Eonigstuhl , 12 or 14 UT; Kohlhof,
10 or 12 Jf.
Blectric Tramway from the principal station by the Haupt-Strasse and
Kommarkt (station of the castle-railway) to the Carlsthorstation (p. 268);
branch-lines to the Bergheimer-Strasse and to the Cemetery (p. 2i8).
Cable RaUway from the Kommarkt (p. 263) to the Ctutle in 8 min.
(station 75 yds. from the entrance) and to the Moikemmr in 8 min. more
(fare to the Schloss Station 35, to the Molkencur 70 pf., return-fares V^i
1 Jf), Trains run every V4-^/l br. Several tunnels.
Bteam Tramway to Weinheim, see p. 257 ; to Mannheim (14 M., in about
2 hrs. ; fares i^Jf 20, 80 pf.), via WiebUngen, Edingen, and SeekenMm (both
starting from ''the Bismarck - Platz) ; to Wiesloeh (starting at the Central
Railway Station).
Baths. Warm baths at Haller'^s, Plock-Str. ; river-baths in the Neckar,
between the bridges.
Post and Telegraph Office (PI. 9), opposite the station.
Reading Room, with English newspapers, at 0. Petter^s, Leopold-Str. 5.
English Ohuroh, Pldck-Strasse 46 (3(X) seats); services at 8 a.m., 11.30
a.m., and 5.30 p.m. Chaplain, Rev. Francis Slater, M. A., Rohrbacher-Str. 24.
Principal Attractions (}/t day). We proceed firom the rail, station
through the Leopold-Str. to St. Peter's and by the Schloss-Str. to the Castle
(li/s hr!). Or we may take the tramway to the Kommarkt and the cable-
raUway to the Castle. An inspection of the Castle takes 1 hr. at least. We
next walk (20 min.) or take the cable-railway to the Molkencur. We then
descend via the Kommarkt (V2 hr.) and the Heilig-Geistkirche to the Old
Neekar Bridge, and follow the right bank to the New Bridge, which crosses
to the station (*U hr.).
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266 Route 32. HEIDELBERG. ArOoffe.
in^^^^^deVbera, with 40,200 inhab. (15,000 Rom. Catb.), is situated
on the NeckoTj at the point wheie that river debouches from the
Odenwald in the plain of the Rhine Few towns can vie with it in
the beauty of its environs and its historical interest. Oonrad of
Hohenstaufen, who became Count Palatine of the Rhine in 1156,
selected the old castle of Heidelberg as his principal residence, and
under him and his successors the insignificant little place soon
became a town of considerable importance. It continued to be the
capital of the Palatinate for nearly live centuries, until the Elector
Charles Philip in 1721, owing to ecclesiastical differences with the
Protestant citizens, transferred his seat to Mannheim. Since 1802
Heidelberg has belonged to the grand-duchy of Baden.
The old town of Heidelberg is squeezed In between the castle^
hill and the Neckar, and consists mainly of the so-called Haupt-
Stras^e. a street about 1^4 M. long. The newer residential quarters
are built on the W. slope of the Geisberg and in the valley, partly
in the district of Bergheim, which, like Neuenheim (p. 272), dates
back to the Roman period. In this quarter are the Rdihnny ^^^inn.
and the Post ^ Telegraph Office (PI, 9), opposite each other. On the
river are several Medical InttituUs and the Botanical Garden of the
University, and lower down the river are factories.
From the Railway Station we may approach the Haupt-Straese
via the Bismarck Oarden (with a marble bust of the Chancellor by
Donndorf), which extends to the new bridge (p. 272) ; or we may turn
to the right and follow the Lbopold-St&assb, with the Anlagb, or
public promenade, which runs along the S. side of the old town all
the way to the castle. In front of the Victoria Hotel is a fountain
with a bust of the local poet K. O. Nadler (d. 1849). Near the centre
of the Anlage, and near the Chemical Laboratory (PI. 1), is a Statue
of the Bavarian Field Marshal Prince Carl von Wrede (PI. 2 j 1767-
1838) by Brugger, erected in 1860 by Lewis I., King of Bavaria.
Near the E. end of the Anlage , ou the left, is the Protestant
Church of St. Peter (PI. 3), built at the end of the 15th cent,
and restored in 1873, with a flue open-work Gothic tower and several
monuments. — Opposite, on the other side of the railway, is the
KlingentJior (see p. 272), near which is a bust of Karl Metz (d. 1877),
founder of the German volunteer flre-brigade system. From this
point the street known as the ^Schloasherg^ ascends to the entrance
of the Sohloss-Garten at the Elisabeth-Pforte (see pp. 268, 269).
Turning to the left at the choir of St. Peter's Church, we reach
the Ludwigs-Platz, with the Vniveraity Buildinafi (PI. 4), erected
in 1711-15. An Equestrian Statue of Emperor WiUiam^., by
Donndorf, was unveiled here in IWl.
The ypiygraity (in winter about 1200, in summer 1600 stud.),
the famous Ruperto-Carola, the cradle of science in S. Germany,
and after the universities of Prague and Vienna the oldest in Ger-
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University, HEIDELBERG. 32. Route, 267
many, was founded in 1386 by Elector Rupert I. Its period of
greatest prosperity was in the latter half of the 16th, and the be-
ginning of the 17th cent., when, under Electors Otho Henry,. Fred-
erick in., and Frederick IV., it was the centre of 'Humanism',
and the chief Reformed seat of learning in Germany. During the
stormy times of the Thirty Years' War and the devastation of the
Rhenish Palatinate by the French It survived with difficulty. It
is indebted for its modern development to Charles Frederick of
Baden, who in 1804 provided it with eminent professors and scien-
tific collections. The aula was restored in 1886, the five-hundredth
anniversary of the foundation of the university (apply to the janitor).
The Library, in a separate building (Angastinergasse 15), contains
400,000 vols., 3000 MSS., and 1500 ancient documents. It is open 10-12
on Mon. , Tues. , Thurs., & Frld. , and 2-4 on Wed. & Sat. (from May to
August, 3-5). Scarcely one-third of the MSS. in the famous Bibliotheca
Palatina, which was transferred to Rome as a present from the Elector Maxi-
milian of Bavaria after the capture of Heidelberg by Tilly, have been re-
turned. (Thirty-eight were restored in 1814, and eight hundred and thirty-
eight in 1816, including some original MSS. of Luther.) A number of
MSS. (many wiih miniatures, including the 'Manesse^ Minnesanger MS. of
the early 14th cent.)t autographs, documents, incunabula, and portraits,
are exhibited on the groundfloor, to the left ; adm. gratis on Wed., 2-4
(summer, 3-5), on other week-days for 60 pf. 00 pf. for each member of
a party); application is made in the lending-room on the first floor.
The Mu»eum (PI. 5) , also in the Ludwigs-Platz , occupies the
old Stddtische Saalbau (comp. p. 265), which is about to give place
to new university buildings. The third floor contains the Exhibition
of the Art Union (adm. on Sun. & Wed. 11-1, 20 pf.).
The Jemiten-Kirc^e (PI. 7), dating from the beginning of the
18th cent., was decorated with polychrome ornamentation in 1873.
In the Mabket Placb (380 ft.) rises the Gothic Heilig-Geiftt-
^izfih^ (Pl. 8j sacristan, .ipothekergasse 16), erected at the begin-
ning of the 15th cent, under Count Palatine Rupert III. In 1705 the
nave was separated from the choir by a wall, in order that the Roman
Catholics might worship in the latter (now used by the *01d Catho-
lics'), while the Protestants retained the nave. The choir contains
the tomb of King Rupert (see p. 268) and his wife Elizabeth, sister
of the first Elector of Brandenburg. — Opposite the church, to
the S., is the Hdtel turn Bitter (PI. k), erected in 1592 in the style
of the Otto Heinriehs-Bau (p. 269), almost the only house which
escaped destruction in 1693. — Opposite the choir, on the E. side
of the market-place, is the Rathhaf^ (1703), containing a new hall
adorned with paintings by Lindenschmit (1886). — A few paces to
the N., via the Steingasse, is the old Neckar Bridge (p. 272).
^The Jast of the side-streets to the right of the Market Place is
the Oberbadgasse, at the upper end of which begins the Sqbloss-
Stbasbb (p. 268), leading to the castle. — The station of the Cablb
RAiLgAY TO THB Castlb (p. 265) IS in the neighbouring Kornmarkj^
beside the *Prinz Carl^otel. — Pbi>bstbian8 cross the Kornmarkt "
diagonally to the right, and ascend the Bubqwbg, which leads in
268 Route 32. HEIDELBERG. Ca$iU.
12 min. (long vaulted gateway near the top) to the great halcony
(^p. 270). A footpath dlver^:e8 to the left from the Bnrgweg, leading
along the Friesenberg. — A fourth route to the castle is to take
the tramway to the E. end of the town near the Carls-Tkor (built in
1776-81), and thence ascend the Friesenberg (to the right) on foot,
proceeding at the top either to the left by the Earmeliter-WSldchen,
or to the right along the castle-hill.
The ^Castie (640 ft.), situated on the * Jettenbfthl', a wooded
spur of the Konigstuhl, may possibly have been founded by Conrctd
of Hohenataufen (d. 1195; see p. 266),, while its history canine
traced with certainty to the time of Count PaUxtine Rudolph I.
(1294-1319). A more imposing building was erected by Rupert III.
(1398-1410), who was elected Roman king at Rhens in 1400. The
castle was then enlarged and strongly fortified by the electors Fred-
erick I. *the Victorious* (1449-76), and Lewis V. (1508-44). The
palatial parts of the edifice were afterwards erected by the electors
of the 16th and 17th cent., particularly Otho Henry (1556-59),
Frederick IV. (1583-1610), and Frederick V. (1610-21), King of
Bohemia (husband of Elizabeth t, daughter of James I. of England).
In 1622, when Heidelberg was taken by Tilly during the Thirty
Years' War, the castle escaped almost uninjured. It was aftewards
restored by Charles Lewis (1632-80). After the death of Charles, the
last Protestant Elector (in 1685), Louis XIV. preferred a claim to
the Palatinate, and began the cruel and destructive war which in-
volved the Castle of Heidelberg and so many others in one common
ruin. On 24th Oct., 1688, the town and cast^ capitulated to Count
Milac, the French general, who spent the following winter here.
On the approach of the German armies, however, he determined to
evacuate the place, and on 2nd March, f689, he caused the^whole
of the fortifications to be blown up, the palace to be burned dowri;
and part of the town to be set on fire. Those parts of the castle and
town which escaped the French on this occasion were destroyed by
them four years afterwards. The Electors Charles Philip (1716-42),
and Charles Theodore (1742-99) made some attempts to render the
castle once more habitable ; but in 1764 it was struck by lightning
and finally reduced to the ruinous condition in which we see it at
present. Farther decay is prevented by careful preservation and
(where necessary) restoration, and visitors may help this good cause
by Joining the Heidelberger Schlossverein (annual subscription 3 .if).
From the terminus of the funicular railway (p. 265), at the top
of the Schloss-Strasse (p. 267), we pass through the W. entrance of
the Castle (comprthe Plan; guide superfluous) into the goHLOss-
Gabtbn, laid out in 1808 on the ruins of the fortifications. The
pathslo the left, of which the second passes through the Elisabeth-
f Her daughter Sophia was married at Heidelberg in 1668 to Ernest
Augustus, afterwards Elector of Hanover, and became the mother of
George I. of England. C^r^r^n\o^
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Castle, HEIDELBERG. 32. Route. 269
Pforte, erected by Frederick V. in 1616 in^ honour of his consort
(p. 268), lead to the 5tucfcparten, an old bastion, which, together with
the corner-tower, the so-called Vieke Thurm, defended the castle
on the W. side. A tablet here commemorates the yislts of Goethe
and Marianne Willemer (*Suleika') in 1814 and 1815. Between the
Dicke Thunn and the Friedrichsbau (p. 270) is the plain EnglUche
BaUy or EUsabethbau, which was also erected by Frederick Y.
We now cross the Bridge over the S. moat of the Castle, pass
under the Great Watch Tower, and enter the ^Schloashof, or castle-
yard, the focus of the whole structure. Almost all the architectural
ornamentation of the castle was lavished on the inner facades abut-
ting on the court, as the external walls served chiefly for purposes
of defence. The Irregular grouping of the buildings reveals at once
the lack of any systematic plan in their construction. This, howeyer,
is directly responsible for the picturesqueness of the general effect,
which is farther enhanced by the clinging ivy and the verdant trees.
The two most interesting buildings are the Otto-Heinrichs-Bau, on
the £., and the Friedrlchs-Bau, on the N., both constructed of red
Neckar sandstone, with sculptures and details in yellowish sand-
stone from Heilbrpnn.
The * Otto-Heinriehs-Bau, erected in 1556, the finest example
of the German early-Renaissance style, rises in three stories, partly
of the Ionic and partly of the Corinthian order, with a strong em-
phasis on the horizontal lines. The lower story, with the Kaisersaal
to the left and the Elector's Rooms to the right, is of considerable
elevation. It is at present fitted up for the exhibition mentioned at
p. 271 . The two upper stories, the first containing the large dlning-
hall, are each not more than half as high. The top ends in two small
gables. The whole facade is richly adorned with beautiful sculptures,
all recently restored. The cornice of the *Portal, to which a double
flight of steps ascends, is supported by Caryatides. Above it is the
bust of the founder, the Elector Otho Henry, with armorial bearings
f^nd inBcription. In the niches of the facade are a number of statues,
all having a symbolical meaning after the fashion of the Renaissance.
In the four lower niches are Joshua, Samson, Hercules, and David,
the representatives of force and courage, the foundations on which
a princely house^rests; in the middle niches, allegorical figures
of Stjfiugth," Justice, Faith, Charity, and Hope, the virtues which
adorn a princely- IftBfti)^ in the upper niches, Saturn, Mars, Yenus,
Mercury, Diana, Apollo, and Jupiter; or the -seven gods of the
planets, symbolising the higher powers, who rule the destinies of
all. In the window-arches are medallion-heads of eminent men
of antiquity. 'The plastic ornamentation of thi% beautiful building
was executed first under the superintendence of Matter Ar^toni, of
whom we know nothing further, and afterwards (from 1558 on) by
Alexander Colin of Maline/s (b. 1626), who, however, went to Inns-
bruck in 1662 to work on the Monument of Emp. Maximilian.
270 Route 32. HEIDELBERG. Castle.
The ^Friedricha-Bau, erected in 1601-7 from Joh, Schoch's
designs and restored in 1898, is an imposing building in the late-
Renaissance style, and consists of four stories (Doric, Tuscan, Ionic,
and Corinthian). In ornamentation it is inferior to the Otto-
Heinrichs-Bau, which it perhaps surpasses in structural grandeur.
In the niches are 16 statues of Charlemagne, Otho of Wittelsbach,
and the Counts Palatine down to Frederick lY. These are replicas
of the admirable originals executed by Sebastian Oots of Coir6. —
Between thg^ Otto- E^lnrichs- Ban and the Friedrichs-Bau is the
Olaseme Saalbau or Neue Hof, erected in 1549, and showing a
quaint mixture of Gothic and Renaissance forms.
A vaulted passage (at PI. E) leads under the FriedriohS'*Bau to <^e
* Balcony, constructed in 1610, which commands a beautiful view
(the bacK of the Friedrichs-Bau is here seen to advantage). The foot-
path {Burgweg ; p. 267) to the town begins at the base of this
platform.
Adjoining the Friedrichs-Bau on the left is tiie so-called Band-
haus or Konigs^Saaly erected by Lewis V. for the ladies of the court,
but afterwards altered. Farther back is the Lihtar^ or Archives,
usually called the Alte Bau, and farther on the Bupreehts-Bau^ a
simple Gothic structure erected by Rupert IIL, the upper part re-
built by Lewis V. The imperial eagle wilH' the arms of Che Palati-
nate recall the election of Rupert to the sceptre of the Roman
kingdom. Over the entrance is a garland of five roses borne by two
angels ; the half-open pair of compasses is a ^gn that the building
is commended to the care of the Holy Virgin.
Opposite is a covered Well, with four columns of syenite (from
the Felsberg, p. 258), which once adorned the palace of Charlemagne
at Ingelheim, and were brought here by Count Palatine Lewis V
Adjacent is the office in which tickets are issued for admission to the
Interior and the Collection of Antiquities : charge, 1 pers. 1, 2 pers. i^hJt^
3 or more pers. 50 c. each \ for the ^Great Tun^ alone, 90, 30, and 10 pf . ;
for the Collection of Antiquities 40 pf. each (extra).
Visitors are first conducted to the groundfloor of the RppKKcyre-BAU
(see above), where the original aculpturey of the Otfo-Heinricns-Bau and We
•Friedrichs-Bau are preserved. ; on the lirst floor is a fine Renaissance chim-
ney-piece. — Thence &ey are led through the lower rooms of the Libeaby
and the dungeon to the casemates of the EyftT^iBfiim Bah (p. 269) and to
the picKB Thdbm (p. 269); the last should be as^fthdecF for the sake of
the view. They then return to the court by the y^fftP""* \^- (see above).
To the left of the Friedriohs-Ban is the entrance to the CMLLAi^iPi.K;
adm., see above), containing the famous Beide1h9r<^ Tun . a monster cask
capable of holding 49,000 gajlojis. The present tun was constructed in 1751
by the Elector Charges 'i^fteoaore, as the successor to three others, the first of
which was erected in 1591 by the Gouat Palatine Casimir, the second by
the Elector Charles Lewis in 1662, and the third by Charles PhiUp in 1728.
By the tun stands a grotesQu*^ woode" ^p"^fi flf Pfrkeo. court-jester of
Elector Charles Philip!! Another large tun bears humorous inscriptions.
We next cross the court to the Otto-Hbinbiobs-Bau (p. 269 ; Eai«ersaal),
and then pass to the left into the Glasbbne Saalbad (see above). Finally,
crossing the court once more, we visit the Gbspbengtb Thubu (p. 271 ; fine
view from the platform), and the Apothbkbb-Thubm. We return through
the Ludwigs-Bau.
Digitized by
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Castle. HEIDELBERG. 32. Route. 271
The interesting Oollection of Art and Antiquitiei (adm. , see p. 270^
catalogue, 80 pf.), arranged in the lower story of the Otto-Heinrichs-Bau,
was founded by Count CJtarlei de Oraimherg (d. 1864) and acquired by the
town of Heidelberg in 1879. — Boom I. Views of Heidelberg by 8eh.
Mitntter (1527), M. Marian (1620), Rottmann (1798-1850), and Verhas (1843).
Views of the castle by Ulrich Kratu (1683). Portraits of electors, Heidel-
berg professors, and other worthies. Reminiiscences of Sand and Kotzebue ;
death-mask of Victor Scheffel. Frankenthal porcelain (p. 281). — Boon II.
Portraits of princes. Renaissance chimney-piece. Frankenthal porcelain.
— Boom in. 1st Sec. : Portraits of electors, seals, weapons, early prints
(Heidelberg, 1486). 2nd Sec. : Miniatures, model of the Castle (1851), portraits
of Perkeo (p. 270). 3rd Sec. : Portraits. Documents, incl. a charter of 896
(No. 1090). Letters of Melanchthon (1634). Tilly, etc. Luther's betrothal-ring.
The Schlossiirehe , below the Friedriehs-Bau , contains a collection of w
stone monuments from Heidelberg and the neighbourhood (closed at present). «/
We leave the court by the Great Watch Tower, cross the moat
(p. 269), and turn to the left in the garden. The ^Gesvrenate Thurm*
(blown-up tower), or Pulver Thurm^ at the S.E. angle of the castle,
in the fosse to the left of the exit from the court, is of masonry so
solid, that, when the French blew it up in 1693,* one-half became
detached and fell in an unbroken mass into the moat, whepe it still
remains. The tower is 93 ft. in diameter, the walls 21 ft. thick;
beneath it are long casemated passages. It was near this spot that
Matthison composed his fine 'Elegie in den Ruinen eines alten
Bergschlosses', an imitation of Gray's famous ^Elegy in a Country
Churchyard'. — A few paces farther on is the Schloss-Restaurant
(p. 265), where a band plays in the afternoon.
The *Great Terrace to theN.E., constructed in 1613, commands
beautiful views of the castle itself and of the town. A *Statue of
Victor von Scheffel yr&s erected here in 1891. — The plantation of
conifers on the !Frie8enberg (p. 268), below the terrace, contains
many rare trees.
Behind the terrace is the SeJaoss-ffdtel (p. 265 ; 735 ft.), and a little
high«{ up is the HStel Bellevue (p. 265); fine view from the terrace.
About IVs M. farther to the E. is the Wolfsbmnnen (590 ft. ; Rettau-
rarU)^ once a favourite resort of Frederick v. ana nis wife Elizabeth, and
celebrated in a sonnet of Martin Opitz, who was a student at Heidelberg
in 1619. According to tradition, the enchantress Jetta was here killed
by a wolf, whence the name. In the vicinity is the reservoir supplying
the water for the town-aquednctt We may then proceed, enjoying a
series of pleasant views, to fli/z M.) Sehlierbaeh (p. 273), and cross the
Neckar to [ZUffelhaiuen (p. 273), where boats are always ready to take
walkers back to Heidelberg by the river.
The Rovra_TO thb Molkbnqpb (20 min.; finger-posts; railway
in 3 min^^ see p. 265) ascends the steps opposite the Gesprengte
Thurm, passes through a small gate, and reaches the road which
passes at the back of the castle (finger-post). We may now either
ascend by the road or by the zigzag footpath. If we follow the lajter,^
we may after a few minutes either diverge by the *Friesenweg* to
the right, or continue to follow the zigzag path. (Several finger-posts.)
The *Molkencnr (995 ft. above the sea-level ; 345 ft. above the
castle) is a restaurant which commands an admirable view, and
la. the only point from which the castle is seen from above.
272 Route 32, HEIDELBERG. HeUigenberg,
* A road leads from behind ihe Molkencnr to the 8., and after a few
yards reaches a point where four roads meet (finger-post). That on the
left descends to the Schloss; the next ascends to the Wolfisbrannen
p. 271) and (20 min.) the *Bimarek-ffdke (1445 ft.; riew-tower) •, the one
straight on ascends to the Konigstahl (fee below), while that to the right
descends to Heidelberg, which it reaches at the EMngMthor (p. 266). From
the last, after >/< H., a road ('Speyerershof-Weg') diverges to the left and
ascends in 6 min. to a Bench^ commanding an excellent view of the upper
part of the town and of the Schloss. A few paces farther on is the Sai&Bel
Cpulpit"), a small projecting platfonn, with a parapet, affording a survey
of Heidelberg and the plain. The Kosdal (800 ft.), reached hence in 5 min.,
an open space in front of a covered seat, is also a charming point of view.
From l^e Bondel a broad path (indicated by a guide-post ^nach dem Bahn-
hof) leads by the ^Sieben-Linden' and the Wolfshdhle to Heidelberg,
emerging at the Victoria Hotel (p. 264; PL C, 6). — Immediately bevond
the Bondel is a footpath ascending to the top of the (20 min.) *aei8berg
(1290 ft.), the tower on which commands one of the finest views near
Heidelberg. --A))Out 1 M. from the Geisberg is the Bpeytrm'iho/ (966 ft. ;
IfRTf'pens. 5^^, a favourite point for a walk. Thence to the Heidelberg
station about I'A M.
The g5nigitnhl (1865 ft.) is reached from the Molkencur by a shady
path f*Plattle^egVin */i br., or by the carriage-road in 1 hr. Thejfcawer
on the top, aa ft. in height, commands a most extensive view of the Bhine,
Neckar. Odenwald, Haardt Mts., Taunus, and the Black Forest as far as the
Mercunusberg at Baden. — About 1 M. to the S. of the Kdnigstuhl,
beyond the new University Observatory, is the KohUutf (1580 ft. j ^SoUl,
with 100 beds, baths, electric light, etc., B. 2-6, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 5-12 UlO>
a health-resort with pleasant shady promenades. The tower at ihe PouelU-
lutt (1580 ft.), 7 min. to the 8.W., commands a good view.
The Old Bridge over the Neckar, constructed by Elector Charles
Theodore in 17bbQi8, is embellished with statues of the Elector and
of Minerva. About 1300 yds. lower down is the handsmne TSfiW
Bridge, erected in 1877. Both bridges command beautiful views.
The village of Neuenheim (Schiff, with garden), an the right bank,
with many new villas, now forms part of Heidelberg. — Steam
Tramway to Weinheimy via Handschuchshelm, see p. 257.
On the right bank of the Neckar is the Philoiophenw^ , a
heautiful walk extending 2^. along the slope of the Meiligerierg ^
chiefly through vineyards , and commanding splendid views of the
town, castle, valley, plain of the Rhine with the cathedral of Speyer,
and the picturesque outlines of the S. Haardt Mts. A very pleasant
walk of about 1 hr. may be taken by ascending the first road to the
right beyond Neuenheim, near the new bridge, traversing the Phi-
losophenweg , and then descending through the small lateral valley
of the Hirschgassej past the well-^own students' tavern and duel-
ling-place of that name, to the Neckar.
Those who have time should not fail to ascend from the Philo-
sophenweg (beyond the quarry to the left) to the (8/4 hr.) ♦HeUigen-
berg, the ancient Mom Piri^ an early-Qerman sacrificial 'Stanon,
afterwards consecrated toUercury. On the S. summit (j^50j%.) Is a
view-tower, commanding an admirable survey of HeK[elberg, the
Castle, the valley of the Neckar, and the Bergstrasse. Adjacent is
the HeiderUoeL an old cistern. On the N^_summit(i455^)) lOmln.
farther on, are the foundations of the Boinanesque Abbey Church
Neekar Valley, NECKAKSTEINACH. 32. BouU, 273
of8u_Michad, established about 880 and discovered in 1886. Both
summits are surionnded with double ring-walls of the prehistoric
era. We return to. Heidelberg YiH Handschuchshelm (see p. 258).
The rdad ascending the river to Zlegelhausen passes the restau-
rants Waldhom (p. 265) and Ickrath^ which afford an admirable
view of the castle. — Farther on, II/2 M. from the Old Bridge, is
the convent (secularized) of Neuburg (Stiftsmuhle Restaurant).
Beyond it is the village of Ziegdhawen (Ad^er, very fair, D. 1 72"^,
pens. 4-5 J/.\ a favourite resort of the Heidelbergers.
The Heidelberg Oemetery, on the slope of the Geisberg (p. 272), to
the S. of the railway-station, contains the tombs of Gervinus (d. 1871),
Blnntschli (d. 1881), and other eminent professors. At the S. end is a
Crematorium. — Tramway, see p. 266.
The Valley of the Neekar from Heidelberg to Neekarels.
Comp. Mapj p. 256.
Railway to Neckabelz, 31 V2 M., in 1V4-2 hrs.; fares 4 Ulf 10, 2 Ulf 80,
1 Ul^ 80 pf. — Besides the ordinary trains, there are in summer five (on
Son. ten) local trains every day to IfeekargemUnd (fares 10-20 pf. ; tickets
obtained in the train), calling at Carlsthor^ Jdgerhavt^ Scblierbaeh^ and
KHmmelbacher Ho/ (fine view). — When the state of the Keckar permits,
a Steamboat plies once or twice daily from Heidelberg to Ifeekartteinctch
(up 2 hrsl, down 1 hr.) ; fares 1 Ul^, 80 pf. On Frid. it goes on to (13 hrs.)
Heilbronn.
The train passes from the main railway-station to (2 M.) the
CarUihor Station (p. 264) by a long tunnel under the castle-hill.
The abbey of Neuburg and the village of Ziegelhausen (see above)
^are seen to the left, on the right bank of tlje river. — 88/4 M.
Schlierbach (Restaurant and Pension Volker).
6 M. HFeckargemund (405 ft. ; Pfalz, with garden on the Neekar ;
Hirsch; Stadt AtheUy Greek wlna-room), a pleasant little town with
2000 inhab., at the point where the Neekar is joined by the Elsen%^
the valley of which is ascended by a railway to Neckarelz vU Meekes-
heim (p. 275). Walks may be taken to the Bockfelsen, the Tilly^
Stein, and the castle of Reichenstein,
The Neekarthal Railway crosses the Neekar, penetrates a tunnel
leading into the valley of Schonau, and reaches —
10 M. Heckarsteixtaeh (420 ft. ; Harfe, with garden on the river ;
Schiff; Schwalbermest^ opposite the station), a small town with
1600 inhab., in a highly picturesque situation, once the seat of the
valiant race of the Steinachs, who became extinct in 1653. The
four old castles still bear testimony to their power. The church
contains numerous monuments of the family, several of whom bore
the surname of Landschaden ('land-scourge'), perhaps from the
perpetual feuds in which they were engaged. The Mittelhurg has
been restored in the medieval style and surrounded with a park by
its present proprietor. Baron von Dorth. Burg Schadeck, or the
^Swallow^a Ne8t\ frowns above a deep quarry. A good view of the
pleasing valley of the Neekar is obtained from the tower. The
BaedsKbb's Rhine. 15th Edit. tS^'^^^I^
Digitized byVjOOQlc
274 BouU32. EBERBAOH.
ascent from Neckarsteinach to the Sc1iwalbennesttakeaJbarely^Y2^'- ;
a pleasant walk follows the 'Mittleie Bergweg' to (8/4 hr.) Neckar-
gemiind.
In the 8teinaeh-Thal, 3 H. above Keckarsteinach, lies Schftnaa (510 ft.;
Ldwe)^ with the ruins of a Cistercian conrent, founded in 1186. The old
refectory is now the Protestant church.
On the left bank of the Neckai, on a wooded eminence, rises
the castle of DiUhetg (1080 ft.), unsuccessfully besieged by Tilly
during the Thirty Years' War. At the beginning of the 19th
century it was used as a state -prison, particularly for Heidelberg
students, and the rigour of the conflnement is shown by the story
that one day when some strangers, visiting the castle, desired to
; see the <$eUs, they were told by the officer in command that he could
not oblige them, as the prisoners were then making a tour in the
Odeimald and had taken the keys With thdifir* -—— "
I2V2 M. Neckarhawitn, — 141/2 M. Hirschhorn (430 ft.; Zum
NaturalisUn; beer at the EngtC)^ a small town with 2000 inhab.,
the most picturesque point in the lower valley of the Neckar. Above
the town (1/4 hr.) and connected with it by walls is the handsome and
loftily-situated old Castle of the once powerful, but now extinct
barons of Hirschhom or Hirzhorn. The interior (remoclelled in
1683-86) contains remains of Gothic windows and some old frescoes
(13th cent. ?). A path with steps descends to a monastery erected by
the Hirschhoms at the foot of the hill in 1406, the chapel of which, in
the late-Gothic style, still contains many monuments of the family
(16-16th cent.). The Erschhtimer Capelle, rising above the river on
the left bank (ferry), a late-Gothic building of 1517, also contains
monuments of the Hirschhorns. — Two tunnels are passed through.
19 M. Eberbach(430ft. ; Bohrmann's Hotel, pens. i^k'^%M;
Leininger Hofy pens. 4 M; Brockenhof, pens. 31/2 J(; all very fair,
with gardens; Bail, Restaurant^ an old town with 5900 inhab.,
belonging to the Prince of Leiningen, and carrying on a brisk trade
in timber. Pleasant wood-walks in the vicinity. — From this point
we may in 2 hrs. (finger-posts) ascend the Katzenbnckel (2055 ft.),
the highest of the Odenwald Mts., either via Burghalde'Emichshurg
or (somewhat longer) vii Waldkatzehbach (Adler), The mountain is
composed of sandstone, through which diorite protrudes at the top.
The tower commands a fine view of the valley of the Neckar, Wur-
temberg as far as the Swabian Alb, and the Black Forest. We may
descend to Zwingehberg (see below) in 1^/4 hr. — Railway to Er-
bach, Hochst, and Darmstadt (or Frankfort), see R. 31.
Beyond Eberbach the train passes Stolzenecky on the left bank,
the ruins of a castle of the 13th century. — 2572^- Zwingenberg
(480 ft. ; Anker)j on the right bank, lying close to the river, is
commanded by a picturesque castle of the Grand-Duke of Baden,
which was rebuilt in 1694-95, and has lately been restored and
rendered habitable. Five of the eight towers are still preserved.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
SCHWETZINGEN. 32, Route. 275
The chapel contains some mediaeval wall-paintings. The Kat^en-
huckel may also he ascended hence (2^2 hrs.), the hest route leading
through the romantic Wolfsschlueht^ hehind the castle.
271/4 M. Neckargerach (Krone), on the left hank. On the hiU
above are the ruins of the Jlftnne&urp, which was destroyed in the
Thirty Years' War. The valley now expands. On the left hank is
the Reiherhcdde, so called from the flocks of herons (Reiher) which
have established themselves here. A little above Ohrigheim, on the
left bank, is the ruin of Dauchstein. At Diedeaheim the river is
crossed by a bridge-of-boats. — Near (28 M.) Binau the train
passes through a tunnel V2 ^- ^^^ length.
3IV2 M. Neckarels (505 ft.; Klingenhtrg ^ very fair, pens.
31/2-5 Jt ; Lowe; Rail, Restaurant) y on the right bank, at the
influx of the Elz into the Neckar, contains a late-Gothic lodge of
the Templars. Opposite the town rises the Neuburg,
Keckarelz is the junction for the Heilbronn and Heekesheim line , by
which we may retarn to Heidelberg (same distance nd fares). The statiqns
are Asbach^ AgleuterJunuen^ HehMtadty Neckarhi»chof$heim^ Waibstadty Neiden-
stein^ Etchelbronn^ Meekeiheim (junction for ]the Heilbronn line), Matter^
Bammenthdly and NeckargemUnd (p. 273), where it rejoins the line above
described.
The first station beyond Neckarelz in the direction of Wiirzburg is
Kosbach (Prinz Carl; BadUeher Hof)y an old town with 3600 inhab., on
the Elz. Comp. Baedeker^* Southern Germany.
Fkom Hhidblbebg to Sphybr, I61/2 M., railway in 1 Vi^^'- (fares
2ujr50, luJTTO, luirlOpf.). — 3M. Eppelheim; iy^^, Plankstadi,
by 2 ^' Schwetzingen (^Hirschy Adiety both by the entrance
to the chateau; Hdtel Hasslefy at the station: Restaurant Rittery
beside the Birsoh), a pleasant little town with o500 inhab. , attracts
numerous.visitors from Heidelberg. The SchlosSy erected by Elector
Charles Lewis in 1656, and destroyed by M^ac in 1689, but after-
wards restored, was the residence of the electors at the beginning
of the 18th century. The gardens were laid out by Elector Charles
Theodore in the middle of the 18th cent, in the style of the grounds at
Versailles, and the beautiful old avenues have since been surrounded
with grounds in the English style. The gardens cover an area of
117 acres, and are embellished with statues, temples, artiflcial
ruins, a mosque with lofty minarets, and other objects in the taste
of the 18th century. The fountains play daily from the middle of
April to the middle of October. A walk round the whole of the
gardens takes about two hours ('Guide', 50 pf., at the entrance).
Schwetzingen Is the junction of the Speyer line with the rail-
way to Mannheim and Carlsruhe (p. 279), and of a branch-line to
Friedrichsfeld (p. 258). All the express-trains stop here. — The
Speyer line passes (10 M.) ThalhauSy and crosses the Rhine by a
bridge of iron pontoons near (13 M.) Altlussheim.
Speyer, see p. 295. The Rhine Station (141/2 M.) is near the
cathedral; the Pn'nctpo^ Station (1 672 M.) is reached in lOmin. more.
18*
276
33. Mannheim and Lndwigshafen.
Railway Stations. The Central Station (restaurant) lies on the S. side
of the town (PI. D, 5), and is used by trains in all directions. A
second station for the line to Lampertheim and Frankfort or Hayence
(R. dOa), and the station for the steam-tramways to Weinheim (p. 257)
and Freudenheim lie beyond the Neclcar Bridge (PI. D, 3).
Hotela. •Pabk Hotel (PI. p; D, 6), Fried richs-Platz, B. SVrlO, B. IV4,
D. 3J/2 4ulf, new J ♦Pfalzbb Hof (PL a; C, 4), Parade-Platz, a long^
estabUshed house refitted in 1902, R. 8-6, B. 11/4. D. 3 Jl. ^ ^Deutscrss
HoF (PI. c \ G, 4), commercial. — Kaiskbhof (PI. d : G, D, 4), Heidelberger-
Str., opposite the post-office, R. from 2Vs, B. 1 Ul^ ; ^National (PI. e •, D, 5),
R. 2V4-4, B. 1, D. 2V« Jl\ LBHiff, both near the Gentral Station (PI. D, 5);
Victoria (O, 6, 7). — Landsbsro (PI. fj C, 5)^ Kbckabthal (PL h; D, 8),
near the Keckar Bridge.
Restaurants. ffo/theater-Keller^ in the Theatre (PL G, 4); Ooldner Stem,
Ca/4 *vr Oper, Ca/4 Franfais, these three near the Theatre; Ca/i Victoria,
Wiener Ca/i Central, near the Strohmarkt^ Ballhatu, in the Schloss-Garten,
in the W. wing of the Schloss ; restaurant iii the Stadt-Fark, miltary musie
on summer afternoons. — Wins. Arche Noah (PL 5, 2); Z&hringer Eof^
near the Speisemarkt.
River Baths, above the bridge.
Cabs. With one horse: 1-2 pers. for 1/4 hr., 50 pf., 3 or more pers.
90 pf.-, V« ^r., 80 Df. or 1 Jf 20 pf.i V* hr. 1 UT 20 or 1 UT 60 pf.j per
hr. 1 ur 60 pf. or 2Jf; each addit. 1/4 ^r., 40 or 50 pf. — With two hortet:
1-2 pers. per V4 J»r., i Jt, 3 or more ners. 1 Ul^ 10 pf. i V« l^r., 2 Ul^ or
2 J 20 pf. i "A l»r.i 2 Ur 50 or 2 Ur 80 pf.; per hr., 3 UT or 3 UlT 40 pf.,
each addit. V4 hr., 60 or 60 pf. — Luggage: 25-55 lbs., 20 pf.; 66-260 lbs.,
30 pf ; over 260 lbs.- 40 pf.
Electric Tramways. From the Gentral Railway Station (PL D, 5)
round the N. «ide of the inner town, and to the station at Ludwigshafen
(PL A, 4)i from the Waldhof (to the N. of the Neckar-Garten , Pi. G, 1)
to Ludwigshafen (Aniline Factory. Hem<)hof; PL A, 4); from the Gontard-
Plats (PL G, D, 6) to the Panorama (PL E, 3); from the Jungbusch quarter
(PL B, G, 2, 3) to the Slaughter House (PL F, 6): from the Rhein-Strasse
(PL B, 3) to Keckarau (PL E, 6).
Steam Ferry (PL B, 6) to Ludwigshafen, every 6 minutes.
Steamboat. The landing-place is below the bridge over the Rhine^
s/4 M. from the station at Ludwigshafen, and 1 M. from the Mannheim
station. Gomp. the Plan. Steamboat to Hayence, via Worms, in 4 hrs.
British Oonsul : Dr. Paul Ladenburg. — United States Consul : Beaton
Barris, Eeq.
Post Office (PL G, 4), Parade-Platz \ another office at the Gentral Station.
Mannheim (275 ft.), a town with 140,000 inhab., situated on
the right bank of the Rhine, near the confluence of the Neckar and
connected by a bridge with Ludwigshafen (p. 278) on the left bank
of the Rhine, was founded in 1606 by Elector Palatine Frederick IV.
The castle he then built was destroyed along with the infant town
in the Thirty Years' War, and again by the French in 1689. When,
owing to ecclesiastical differences, Elector Charles Philip (1716-42)
transferred his residence from Heidelberg to Mannheim in 1720, the
latter enjoyed a period of prosperity that lasted until Charles
Theodore (1742-99), the next elector, in his turn removed the court
to Munich in 1778. For its more recent importance Mannheim is
indebted to the deyelopment of the Rhine navigation and of rail-
ways. Within the last 50 years it has increased its population fivefold,
and it is now the most important commercial town of the Upper
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Picture OaUery. MANNHEIM. 33. Route, 277
Rhine, coal, grain, and petrolenm being the staple commodities. A
considerable manufacturing Industry (chemicals, machinery, etc.)
has also sprung up. — Mannheim is the most regularly built town in
Oermany, being divided into 136 square sections like a chess-board.
The streets are distinguished, according to the American system,
by letters and numerals, and the recent attempt to introduce names
has met with no popular response. The streets outside the Ring-
Strasse are, however, named.
The Grand -Dnoal Palace (PI. G, 4, 5), a spacious building
in the baroque style, was erected in 1720-29 and 1749-60. In
the court are a handsome Monument to Emp, William /., by Eber-
lein (1894), and two Monumental Fountains by the same sculptor
(189o), representing the Rheingold and the legend of the Rhine. The
apartments of the Grand-Duke are adorned with fine plaster- work
and tapestry. The interior also contains several collections. . All of
these may be visited at any time on payment of */2"l •^j *^6 Col-
lection of Antiquities is open free in summer on Sun., 11-1 and
3-5 ; the Cabinet of Natural History on Sun., 11-1 and 3-5, and on
Wed., 3-5: the Picture Gallery throughout the year on Sun. & Wed.,
11-1 and 3-6.
The central structiire (entr. in the S. angle of the court) contains the
united Antiquarian Oollectioni of the Grand-ducal Antiquarium and the
Society of Antiquaries. — Vb8txbdx.i. Hedieeval sculptures in wood and
stone. ~ KooM I. Objects from Greece and Italy: vases, terracottas,
bronzes, marble sculptures, cinerary urns. - Rooms II. A III. Roman and
Germanic antiquities, chieny from the neighbourhood of Mannheim. — We
return through the passage and the entrance-hall to Room IV. Weapons
and military relics of the lTth-19th centuries. — Room V. Plans and
views of Mannheim; reminiscences of Schiller, Karl Sand, the murderer of
Kotzebue (1819), and the Revolution of 1848. — Room V. Plans and views
of the Palatinate, portraits of Palatine princes; seals, coins, instruments
of torture, — Room VI. Ethnographical collection. — Room Vn. Guild
antiquities and recent acquisitions.
The E. wing (entrance in the court, near the monument) contains a
Collection of Casta, acquired at Paris in 1803 and since enlai^ed. — In
the same wing (entr. also from the Carl-Theodor-Platz) is the Natural
History Cabinet, in six rooms in the baroque style. — On the upper floor
of the E. wing are the Public Library (11-1 ; 61,000 vols.), in a fine hall,
richly decorated in the rococo style, and the —
Picture OaUery (catalogue 50 pf.), founded in 1803 hy Grand-Duke
Charles Frederick and since combined with the Municipal Collection (cata-
logue 30 pf ). The Cobridob contains works of K. Kuntx (1770-1830), a native
of Mannheim and other paintings belonging to the municipal collection.
Room I and II are devote toGerman works, including landscapes by F. KoheU
(d. 1799). — In Room in are Italian paintings of the 17th and 18th centuries. -^
Rooms V-VII contain a number of good Netherlandish works : 112. Palamede*^
Musical party; 113. A. van Ostade, Dutch boors: 190. A. Diepraam, Boors
drinking ; 178. 8. van Rupsdael, Landscape ; 187, 188. Everdingen^ Norwegian
landscapes: 199. Phil. Wouwerman^ Plunderers; 201. Pieter Wouverman^
Cavalry skirmish; Za(/', 316. Interior, 217. Kitchen; *328. Rubem, Isabella
Brant, his first wife ; D. Tenters the Younger, 247. St. Sebastian, 249. Boors
drinking ; 278. Peeterg, Sea-piece ; 230. Snyders, Kitchen-gear ; 299-308. Oaspard
Pow#<n, Landscapes: N. Pouisin^ 804. The Golden Calf, 206. Moses at the Red
Sea — Room VIII. Municipal Collection. 1. Raupp^ Stormy passage ; 8. Oude^
Christiania Fjord x 4. QrUttner^ Behind the scenes: 9. BUfitahl^ Blessing the
alpine pastures; 10. Cl. Meyer^ Dutch scene; 16. 0. Achenhach^ Villa (TEste;
278 Route 33, LUDWIGSHAPEN.
22. DHL Sea-piece-, 38. Diiffenhaeher^ Arrest) 39. K. Hoff, Capuchin monk
in a peasant's hut; 33. A, Achenbachy Dutch coast; 73, 74. J. A. Giidin^ Sea-
beach; 104, 105, 108. Rottmann^ Perugia, JEgina, and Selinunto, sketches
for the frescoes at Munich ; no numbers, 0. Acheiibaek, Capitol at Rome ;
Fmterbachj Medea; Lenbach, Bismarck. — Booms IX and X. Permanent
Exhibition of the Eunstverein and Engravings.
The Palace Garden (PI. B, C, 4, 5), the StadtUche ArUage, and
the Toxjon Park (PI. B, 4) are pleasant resorts.
The Theatre (PI. 0,4) was built in 1776-79. SchiUer's first
pieces, the ^Robbers', Tiesco', and *Gabal and Love', were per-
formed here with the co-operation of Iffland and partly nnder
his own direction (1782-84). Schiller's Monument^ by Oauer, in
front of the theatre, was erected in 1862. Adjacent, on the right and
left, are statnes of Iffland (d. 1814), a distinguished actor and poet
who began his career at Mannheim, and Von Dalberg (d. 1806),
intendant of the theatre In 1779-1803, both by Widnmann. — The
elaborately adorned Church of the Jesuits (PI. 1 ; 0, 4) was built in
1733. The former Arsenal (PI. 8; 0, 4) was built in 1777-78. In
front of it a bronze-statue of Moltke, by Uphues, was erected in
1902. — The curious monument in the Parade-Platz (PI. C, 4) re-
presents the change of the times (1741); that in front of the RatMuius
(PI. 0, 3, 4), erected in 1771, refers to the foundation of Mannheim.
— By the old Rhein-Thor is a War Monument, by Volz (1896). —
In the Kaiser-Ring, near the Central Station, Is a Bismarck Mon--
ument by Hundrleser (1900). Near the Water Totoer (PI. D, 4), In
the E. extension of the town, are the Stddtische Festhalle (PL E, 4)
and a Panorama (PI. E, 3 ; 60 pf.). — The Neckar is spanned by
the Friedrichs-Brucke (PL D, 3), constructed In 1890-91.
The spacious ^Harbour (PI. A,B, 4, 3, 2, 1), at the mouth of the
Neckar below the town, has been greatly extended since 1897, and
Is admirably equipped with the docks, warehouses, railway con-
nections, and so forth, that are required to deal with the important
trade of the town (p. 19).
The Bhine Bridge (PL B, 5), built in 1865-68, and a steam-
ferry connect Mannheim with Ludwigshafen. The former, used by
the railway, tramway, and foot-passengers, has handsome portals
designed by Durm, and adorned with groups of figures by Moest.
Ladwigshafen. — Bailway Station, near the Rhine (PI. A, 4); trains
to yeustadt, etc., see p. 393 ^ to Worms ^ see pp. 381, 280; to Speyer, see
p. 295. Passengers to or from Mannheim change carriages.
Hotels. Dedtsches Haus, cor. of Ludwigs-Str. and Kaiser- Wilhelm-
Str., R. from 2, D. 2 •#; Ppalzkb Hof; Hot. Mock.
Beatanrants. OeselUeha/Uhaus^ opposite the Roman Catholic Churchy
with garden and baths, D. ^^iJl; HeinC* Brewery.
Ludwigshafen^ an important commercial and manufacturing
town with 61,900 inhab., begun in 1843, and rapidly increasing
in commercial importance, was originally only the tUe-de-pont of
Mannheim. During the revolutionary war at the end of last century
it was several times the scene of sanguinary contests. The Wharves
NIEBSTEIN. 34.R0UU, 279
are among the finest on the Rhine. The new churches, in the
Romanesque and Gothic styles, are well worthy of inspection. The
former (Roman Catholic) contains frescoes by Siissmeler. At the
rail, station is a monumental fountain (1897). — Above the town is
the Leopold Harbour, opened in 1897. — Branch-liue to (8 M.)
Dannstadt,
Fbom LuDWiasHAFEN TO Gbosskablbaoh, 141/9 M., railway in 2-2V4 brs.
Stations: Friesenheimj Oppau^ Edigheitny Frankenthal (p. 280), ffestheim^
Dimutein, Lautnersheim.
Fbom Mannheim to Cablsbuhb, 38 M., Rhine Valley Rail-
way in I-I3/4 hr. (fares 5 uT, 3 uT 30, 2 uT 20 pf. ; express 6 J(
70 pf., 4ulf). The fast express between Cologne and Bile traverses
this line. — Immediately after leaving Mannheim, and again at
Schwetzingen, we see on thel left the mountains near Heidelberg.
21/2 M. Neckarau, an industrial suburb of Mannheim ; 5 M. Rheinau,
with a large new harbour. — 9 M. Schwetzingen , see p. 275. The
line now traverses pine-forests ; on the right the Palatinate Moun-
tains are visible nearly the whole way. — Beyond (14 M.) Bocken-
heim we catch several glimpses of Speyer Cathedral , in the plain
to the right across the Rhine. I6V2 ^' Neulussheim. 19^2 M.
Waghauselj where the Baden insurgents were signally defeated on
2l8tJnne, 1849. — 2OV2M. Wiesenthal. — lbM. Graben-Neudorf,
junction of the Bruchsal and Oermersheim railway (p. 352), is con-
nected with Oarlsruhe by a local line also. -— 28V'>M. Friedrichthal ^
31 M. Blankenloeh; 34 M. HagsfeU. — 38 M. CarUruhe (p. 354).
34. From Mayeace to Lndwigshafen (Mannheim),
Worms.
42V« M. Railway in 1V4-2V4 hrs. •, fares 5 UT 60, 4 UT 10, 2 UT 70 pf.
Preu»Hseh-He$ii»ch€ Stcutttbahn as far as Worms (in «/4-l V« ^r. ; fares 3 Jl 70,
2 Ur 80, 1 ur 90 pf . ; express iJ(20,3JH0 pf.) and beyond it the PfUl-
Mische Bahn.
Mayencey see p. 154. — The train starts from the Central Station,
traverses the tunnel under the citadel to the Neuthor station, and
passes under the Darmstadt line (p. 250). — 4^2 M» Laubenheim ;
6 M. Bodenheim, junction of a branch -line via Undenheim (see
below) and Gau - Odernheim (p. 280) to (20 M.) Alzey (p. 286 j
li/2hr.); 8 M. Nackenheim. These three wine-producing villages
lie on the vine-clad hiUs to the right, not far from the Rhine.
11 M. Kierstein (Ztim Rheinthaly good wine), a town with
4100 Inhab., is noted for its careful vine-culture. 'Niersteiner' is
one of the best-known and most wholesome of Rhenish wines ; it
is marked by a mildly-acid flavour with considerable aroma. Most
of the wine of Rhenish Hesse is sold under this name. On the
hill to the right rises an old watch-tower. Branch-line to (6 M.)
Undenheim (see above). r^ 1
^ ^ Digitized by LiOOgle
280 Route 34, GUNTERSBLUM. From Mayence
121/2 M. Oppenheim (^RitUr^ at the station), an industrial town
with 3700 inhab. , picturesquely situated on a hill rising above tlie
river, is commanded by the church of St. Catharine and the mined
castle of Landskron. The town is mentioned in the Roman itineraries
as Bauconica ; it afterwards became a city of the empire and enjoyed
the patronage of the Franconian emperors, particularly Henry IT. ;
and at a still later period it was an important member of the league of
the Rhenish towns. In 1689 the town was destroyed by the French.
On leaving the station we descend the avenue in a straight direc-
tion, then torn slightly to the left, pass the lofty round clock -tower,
and go through an archway below one of the streets. We then
ascend, skirting the mediaval wall, to the (10-12 min.) ruins of
the once famous imperial fortress of Landskron, which was burned
down by the French in 1689. It was erected in the reign of the
Emp. Lothaire, and restored by Emp. Rupert, who died here in
1410. It commands a magnificent view of Oppenheim and the
valley of the Rhine. — We next descend to the —
*Catharinen^Kirchey a superb (Jothic edifice, erected in 1262-1317
on the site of an older church, partly destroyed in 1689, and thor-
oughly restored in 1878-89 from the designs of the late architect
Schmidt of Vienna. The £. part of the church forms a cruciform
edifice with a tower over the crossing and two W. towers. The W.
choir (abbey -church), which was consecrated in 1439, is now un-
used and shut off by a screen. The windows contain beautiful tra-
cery ; most of the stained glass is modem. The clustered columns
with their delicate capitals should also be noticed. There are nu-
merous monuments of the Dalberg , Sicklngen, and other families.
The details of the exterior repay a careAil study. The sacristan
lives on an upper Jfioor to the left of the steps at the principal S.
entrance (40 pf.). To the N., in the old churchyard, is 8U MichatVs
Chapel (charnel-house).
In front of the S. portal of the church is the market-place, with
a War Monument for 1870-71 ; the monument incorporates a column
of syenite with an inscription, dug up on the Landskron, and prob-
ably found in the Roman quarry on the Felsberg (p. 258).
171/2 M. Ountersblnm (Krone), a small town with 2000 inhab.,
possesses a Romanesque church with helmet-shaped towers. On the N. ^
side of the town is the chlteau of Count Leiningen, with its gardens.
19 M. AUheim; 21 V2 M. Mettenheim.— From (23V2M.) Osthofen
branch-lines run to Oau-Odemheim (12 M., in 1 hr.) and to West-
ho fen (4 M.). On the Petersherg, near Gau-Odernheim, are the
ruins of an old abbey (ca. 1200).
28 V2 M. Worms, see p. 281.
From Worms to Mannheim, see p. 260 ; to Darmstadt^ see p. 204 1 to
Beniheim, see p. 256; to Mon$heim (Bingen, DOrklieim, etc.), see p. 2ti6.
From Worm* to Off»Mnf 7 M., railway in 38 minates.
31 1/2 M. Bobenheim. —351/2^. Frankenthal (H6tel Kaufmann ;
Restaurant Witter), a busy industrial town with 16,900 inhab., is
y Google
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to Ludwigahafeh. WORMS. 34, Route, 281
known to haye existed in the 8th cent, and after 1554 was the lefage
of many Protestants who were banished from the Netherlands by
the Spaniards. It was fortified in 1608-89 and afterwards com-
?letely rebnllt. An important porcelain factory flonrlshed here from
755 to 1799. The portal of the late-Romanesque Abbey Churchy
situated at the back of the Roman Catholic church, founded in 1119
and consecrated in 1224, is worth inspection.
From Fkankenthal to Febinshbiu (p. 287), 8 M., railway in V« br.
(75, 50 pf.). Stations : FlotMrsheim-Eppsteinf Larr^theim^ Weisenheim am Sand,
39VsM. O^ersftetm (Krone), a town with 6100 inhabitants. The
Loretto Church here is a fine building. A tablet on a house in
the Schiller-Strasse records that Schiller resided here in 1781. He
was at that time engaged in writing his 'Kabale und Liebe'.
42^/2 M. LudwigBhafen, see p. 278. — Passengers for Mannheim,
Heidelberg, etc., change carriages here. Routes to Neustadt, Neun-
kirchen, Landau, Speyer, etc., see pp. 288, 293, 295.
WomiB. ~ Tbe Railway Station (PI. 6, 1), for all the above-mentioned
lines, is situated at the ends of Siegfried- Str. and Kaiser- Wilhelm-Str.,
1/4 M. from the cathedral and from the Kammerer-Strasse.
Hotels. In the Town: *Altbb Kaisbb (PI. e; A, 3), Andrea8-Str.,near
the cathedral, an old-established house, B. A B. 3Vs, D. 27tf omn. i/t J( ;
♦H6TKL Haktmann (PL d 5 C, 2), Kammerer-Str. 84, R. 2-2V2, B. V^ D 2i/i,
omn. V2 •^» WiLDBB Mann (PI. e; B, 3), Peters-Str. 11, near the market-
place, patronised by Jews. — Near the Station: Eubopaischbb Hof (PI. aj
B, 1) , B. 2-2Vt , B. 1 , D. 2V2 Jf; Eaisbbhof (PI. f ; B, 1). similar charges ;
Bbzohskbohb (PI. g; B, 1), Kaiser- Wilhelm-Str. 19, B. 2-3 •#, B. 80 pf.,
well spoken of; I^ahnhofs-Hotel (PI. b; B. 1), R. from IV2 •#, plain.
Bestaoranti. Ca/i Weits, Rammerer-Str.l5; Feethaus Restaurant (p. 283),
with garden, D. V/iJf; Zur CaJUtey WoU-Str. ; RJ^einischer Bo/, near the
Rhine bridge, with garden (rooms to let). Also at all the Hotels near the
station (see above). — Wine Booms. Zum TocTUermann, Hafergasse ; Clemensj
WoU-Str. t Mcdepartfis^ Grimhilden-Str., with small garden.
Pott c Telegraph Office (PL 10 ; C, 2), Kdmmerer-Strasse.
Biver Baths, near the Rhine Bridge.
Steamboat! to Hayence in 2*/«-8 hrs. The Cologne & D&sseldorf boats
start near the Bhine Bridge (comp. PL £, F, 3, 4), those of the Netherlands
line V2 M. lower down.
Wonm (325 ft.), one of the most ancient , and in the middle
ages one of the most important towns in Germany, with 41,000 inhab.
(nearly 2/gProt., 1/3 Rom.Cath., and 2500 Jews), lies in the rich plain
of the Wonnegau, on the left bank of the Rhine. The large new har-
bour has an imposing warehouse in the old German style and there
are manufactories of leather, wool, yarn, and sparkling wine, etc., in
the town. Of the old fortifications only two towers (in the Ludwig-
Str. ; PI. B, G, 4) and a portion of the inner wall are still extant.
Worms is the K.amh,ixBorbetomagu*y the seat of the Vangionea. For a short
time, during the period of the migrations of the barbarian hordes, it was
tbe capital uf the Burgundkmt. who had descended from the Baltic Sea, but
the supremacT of that race terminated with the defeat of King Qnndioar by
the Huns in 437. The Prankish kings, and afterwards Charlemagne and his
successors, frequently resided at Worms. The war against the Saxons was
planned here in 772, and here the great contest concerning the investiture
282 Route 34. WORMS. Luiher's Monumeni.
of the bishops with ring and staff was adjusted by the Ooncordat between
the Emp. Henry Y. and Pope Galixtus II. (1122). As a free city of the Em-
pire, Worms, in the disputes between the emperors and the princes, always
espoused the canse of the former, and was specially faithful to the un-
fortunate Henry lY. Its fidelity was rewarded by the grant of various
privileges, chiefly of a commercial character. The union between Worms
and Mayence laid the foundation for the Confederation of Rhenish Towns
(1254). At Worms, in April, 1521, was held the Imperial Diet, at which
Luther defended his doctrines before the Emperor Charles Y., six Electors,
and a large and august assemblage, concluding with the words : ^Sere I
standi I cannot act otherwise^ Ood help me ! Amen.''
The Thirty Years' War proved very disastrous to Worms, which was
repeatedly occupied and laid under contribution by Mansfeld and Tilly,
the Spaniards, and the Swedes. In 1689 the town was treated with savage
cruelty by M^ac and the young Due de Cr^qui. After having been
pillaged, it was set on fire, and, with the exception of the cathedral and
synagogue, soon became one smouldering heap of ruins. The town re-
tained its independence down to the Peace of Lun^ville in 1801, and after
the short-lived French supremacy was annexed to Hesse-Darmstadt in
1815, when its inhabitants numbered about 5000.
To Worms and to the Bosengarten (p. 286), on the opposite bank,
attach many ancient traditions, preserved in the ^Nibelungenlied' and other
heroic poems. Worms, indeed, is the centre of these romantic legends; as
the city of the Burgundian King Ganther it was the scene of Siegfried's
heroic achievements, of his death through the treachery of Hagen, and of
the revenge of Chriemhilde.
From the railway-station the Siegfried-Strasse (PI. B, G, 1) leads
to the former Maimer Thor (p. 2^4) while the Kaiser- Wilhelm-
Strasse leads to the Luther-Platz^ situated at tlie entrance to the
old town. The square is embellished with ^Luther's Monument
(PI. B, 2), designed hy Rietsehel (d. 1861) in 1856, and modelled
by KietZy Dondorff and Schilling of Dresden (erected in 1868).
This imposing memorial of the great Reformer of Germany, the ex-
ecution of which occupied 12 years and cost about 17,000 <., merits
examination. A massive platform, 16 yds. square and 9Vs ft- high, bears
in its centre a large pedestal, surrounded by seven smaller ones. The
central base or pedestal is surmounted by another pedestal in bronze,
adorned with reliefs from Luther's life, and medallion-portraits of his
contemporaries who contributed to the Reformation. On it stands Luther's
statue in bronze, a commanding figure, 11 ft in height In his left hand
he holds a Bible, on which his right hand is placed emphatically; while
his face, on which faith is admirably pourtrayed, is turned upwards. 'He
is surrounded by a row of bold spirits, who before, or along with him
had fought the last struggle for the freedom of the Reformation, or were
privileged to promote it in various positions of life.' At the comers of
the chief pedestal, in a sitting posture, are four precursors of the Reform-
ation: in! front, r. Huss (d. 1415), 1. Savonarola (d. 1498); at the back,
r. Wycliffe (d. 1387) , 1. Petrus Waldus (d. 1197). On the side-pedestals
in front are Philip the Generous of Hesse on the right, and Frederick the
Wise of Saxony on the left; at the back Helanchthon on the right, and
Reuchlin on the left (each 9 ft in height). Between these, on lower ped-
estals, are allegorical figures of the towns of (r.) Magdeburg (mourning),
(1.) Augsburg (making confession), and (at the back) Speyer Q>rotesting).
Between these figures are the arms of the 24 towns of Germany which first
embraced the reformed faith.
To the S. of the Luther-Platz Is the HeyUhof, built for Baron Heyl
in 1884 on the site of the Bisehofshofy or episcopal palace, in which
Luther made his defence in 1521 , and wliich was destroyed by the
French. The garden is open dally, 11-5 (entr. In the-Schloss-Platz).
Digitized by v^j
Cathedral. WOBMS. 34, Boute, 283
The Volks-Thbatbb & Fbsthaus (PI. A, 1), in the Festbaus-
Strasse, was completed in 1889 by March. The stage can be en-
larged for the performance of spectacular and popular pieces;
the fine banqueting hall is destined for concerts and assemblies.
Restaurant (p. 281) j fine view of the cathedraL
The ^Cathedral (PL B, 2), dedicated to SS. Peter and Paul,
is of yery ancient origin, dating as to its ground-plan and its oldest
part (lower half of W. towers) from the 11th and early 12th cent,
(consecrated in 1110) ; the remainder of the building was consecrated
in 1181. The W. choir and towers are under restoration, while the
dome over the cross has been rebuilt. The S. portal, richly adorned
with sculptures of Scriptural subjedts and allegorical figures of the
Church and the Synagogue, was re-erected in the Gothic style about
the end of the 13th century. With its four slender round towers,
two domes, and double choir, the cathedral ranks, like those of Speyer
and Mayenoe, among the finest examples of Romanesque architecture
in the Rhineland. The exterior in particular is strikingly effective.
The Interior (closed until 2 p.m. •, entrance on the S. side ; fee to the
sacristan , for whom a boy may be sent, 50 pf.) is 141 yds. long, 29 yds.
wide, across the transept 40 yds. wide, nave 105 ft. high. Imme^ately to
the left, in the second S. chapel (St. Joseph's), is a whitewashed relief
(12th cent.), representing Daniel in the lions' den. — The Baptistery^ on the
right side of the 8. Portal, contains five large ^High Reliefs in stone, dating
from 1487 and 1488, admirably executed, brought hither on the demolition of
the old cloisters of 1484) they represent the Adoration of the Shepherds (1),
Annunciation, Deposition in the Tomb, Resurrection, and Genealogy of Christ.
The coats-of-arms and keystones placed here are also from the cloisters.
The late-Gothic Font is from the chapel of St. John, taken down in 1807.
The Tombstone of the Three Frankish Princesses of the 14th cent., now
in the N. aisle, is interesting. — To the left in the E. choir is a mutilated
Romanesque relief of St. Juliana and the Devil, inscribed 'Otto me fecit\
The choir-stalls and rococo high-altar should be noticed.
It may interest those versed in German lore to know that the
space in front of the cathedral is said to have been the scene of the
quarrel between Brunhilde and Ghriemhilde, recorded in the 14th
Adventure of the Nibelungenlied.
In the Dechaneigasse, to the S. of the cathedral-square, is the
Tovm Library (PI. 3 ; A, 3), containing some rare impressions. —
A little to the S.W. is the late-Romanesque Andreas- Kirche (PI. 4,
A, 3 ; closed).
The streets to the E. lead from the cathedral to the Mabkbt
Place, which contains the Dreifaltigkeits-Kirche (PI. 5 j B, 3) or
Church of the Trinity, built in 1724.
In the Hagen-Strasse, to the E. of the market-place, rises the
Stadthaus (PI. 11; B, 3), rebuilt in 1883-84 after designs by
SeidL The large hall contains a fresco by Prell^ representing Emp.
Henry IV. conferring important commercial privileges on the town
(1074). The extensive archives are housed in the pavilion in the court.
The Kammerbr-Stbasse (PI. B, 0, 2), the chief business thor-
oughfare of the town , leads from the market-place to the former
284 Route 34. WORMS. Paulut MuHum.
Mainzer Thor (PL C, 2). — We follow the FStrbergasse to the E.
to the —
PauliUhKirehe (PI. 9 ; 0, 8), a Romanesque building of 1102-16,
kiferior in interest to the cathedral alone. The W. porch and the
choir, in the form of a half decagon, date from the beginning of
the 13th century. The interior, restored at the beginning of the
18th cent, in the baroque style, contains the Paulu$ Museumy an
extensive and well-arranged collection of Germanic antiquities of
all epochs. Adm. on San., 10.30-12.30, free; on other days, on
application to the custodian, 50 pf., for a party 25 pf. each.
The doors of the handsome Bomaneaque W. Portal are a copy of those
of Hildesheim Cathedral.
Interior. By the entrance are the sknll and antlers of an Irish Elk.
Oollection of prehistoric antiquities and an Btrusean bronxe shield, found
in the Rhine. On the right side of the Vbstxbdlb are prehistoric antiquities
of the later iron age: also Roman altars, milestones (two bearing the name
of Borbetomagus, p. 281), etc. In theKAVX hTeRonutn Antiquities, chiefly from
Worms and its neighbourhood, including an extensive collection of Roman
5 lass; three helmets, a military diploma of 90 A. D., terracotta vessels, etc.
'he Frankish Antiquitie* are also arranged here : bronze vessels with early
Christian representations ; numerous objects found in tombs ; mediaeval
objects; tombstones of the 14-18th centuries. — In the Choib are two panel
paintings from the cathedral, perhaps part of a reliquary; late-Qothic altar
and carvings ; stained glass. — The Sagkisty contains a collection of coins
and art-industrial objects. — In the Oallbbt are antiquities of the civic
guilds, costumes, coins, views of the city, etc.
In the Cloisters are Roman well-heads, roof-tiles, vessels, etc. Roman
and Byzantine textiles (2nd-7th cent); antiquities from Cyprus; also pre-
historic antiquities of the stone age.
A room, furnished in the Gothic style, in the "S. tower beside the W.
portal, contains the ''Luther Librarp\ with rare early editions of the works
of Luther and his contemporaries and also three letters of Luther. — The
8. tower contains works printed at Worms in 1512 and later.
In the Ludwios-Platz (PI. G, 2) is an Obelisk to the memory of
Grand-Duke Lewis lY., erected in 1895. Close by, in the Martins-
gasse, stands the Chwch of 8t. Martin (PL 8; C, 2), built in 1265,
partly destroyed by fire in 1689, and restored in 1888 ; it contains old
mural paintings (ruined). — In the Judengasse, to the right, is the
Synagogue (PI. 12; 0, D, 2), an insignificant building dating from
the 11th cent., remodelled in the 13th cent., and now quite
modernised (key at No. 27, Judengasse; fee 50 pf.). Behind the
adjacent Raschi Chapel (which owns prayer-books of the Romanesque
period), the old Jewish Bath (11th cent.) was discoyered in 1900.
The Jewish community of Worms is one of the oldest in Germany.
In the industrial Mayence suburb, which was destroyed by the
Swedes and French and has but lately been rebuilt, the noble late-
Gothic Liebfranen-KiTche (^Church of Our Lady; PI. E, 1), V2 M.
from the Mainzer Thor, alone escaped (key at Liebfrauenstift 21).
The church, which was restored in 1882-83, is in the shape of a
cruciform basilica, with an ambulatory and two W. towers. It re-
places an older edifice , and was consecrated in 1467 ; the keystone
of the vaulted roof bears the arms of the different corporations of
Worms who caused it to be built. Inside, to the right of the
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ALZEY. 35. Route. 285
entiance is a painted sculpture of the Entombment (14th cent.).
The stained glass is modem. Handsome choir-stalls. -— The wine
called Liebfrauenmileh is yielded by vineyards near the church.
Worms is connected with the right bank of the Bhine by a railway-
bridge Cp. 254) and by the Emtt-Ludwig-Brileie (PI. B, F, 4; toll 3 pf ), an
iron bridge of three arches, erected in 1898*1S00. From the centre of the
latter we command a good view of the Odenwald an<l of the Haardt. —
The barren right bank of the river immediately below the bridge is all
that represents the famous Bofenfforten (PI F, 4*, p. 263), once an island in
the Bhine.
The Water Tower at the end of the Dalberger-Str. (PI. A, 1), in the new
-W. quarter of the town, commands a wide panorama (adm. by order from
the Director of the Town Water Works, Kloster-Str.).
Hermheim^ 3 H. to the N.W. of Worms, has a beautiful private *Park,
to which visitorfl are admitted.
Lorsch (p. 256) may be conveniently visited from Worms.
35. From Bingen or Mayence vi& Alzey to Kaisers-
lantern, Worms, or Nenstadt.
Comp. Map$^ pp. 285 ^ 292,
Bailwat fbom Bi{76en to Alzet, 2OV2 M., in iV4 hr. (fares 2 Ulf 80,
2 Ur 10, 1 ur 40 pf.); TO WOKMs, 39 M., in 2V4 hrs. (fares 5 UT 20, 3Ur 90,
2Ul^ 60pf). — Fbom Matbncb to Alzbt, 251/8M , in li/zhr. (fares 3 •# 40,
2 •# 60, 1 •# TO pf.I — Fbom Alzet to Eaisbbslautbbn, 35 H., in 2 hrs.
(fares 4 Ul? 60, 2 U? BO, 1 UlT 80 pf.). — Fbom Alzey to Neustadt (*HeP8ische
Ludwigs^>ahn' to Honsheim, and beyond it 'Plalzische Bahn'), 36 M., in
2Vr3 hrs. (2nd cl. 3 UT 40 pf.. 3rd cl. 2 UT 20 pf.). — The route from Mayence
to Nenstadt vi& Ludwigshafen is preferable (express in 2 hrs.)*
FbokBxnosn (p. 128) to Alzet. — The train leaves the Rhine at
(2 M.) Kempteriy and turns southwards. — 4^/2 M. Budesheim-DromerS'
heim is also a station on the new line mentioned at p. 140. Both
Tillages produce wine. — 7M, Oenaingen-Horrweiler ; 9 M. Welges'
heim-Zotzenheim ; W/2 M. Sprendlingen (hranch-line to WoUstein-
Furfeld)] 121/2 M. Oaubickelheim; 14 M. WalUriheim, At (16 M.)
Armaheim, with a Gothic church of 1430, a branch-line diverges for
Flonheim and Wendehheim, 19 V2 M. Albig, — 20 V2 M. Alzey.
Fbom Matbnoe (p. 154) to Ajlzbt. — 41/2 M. Qonsenheim, a
favonrite resort of the Malnzers (pleasant excursion through the
Miihlbaeh-Thal to the Lenidberg, see p. 165). To the left is the
Roman aqueduct of Zahlhach ; to the right lies Finthen. — 6 M.
Marienbomj 9Mi. Klein^Winternheim; 11 M. Nieder-Olm; 14^2 M.
NUder-Saulheim ; 17 M. Worrstadt (Krone) ; 20 V2 M. Armsheim
(see ahove); 241/2 M. Albig. — 25 V2 M. Alzey.
Alzey (Darmatddter Hofjy a Hessian town with 6950 inhah.,
on the SelZj possesses a late-Gothic church and the ruins of a castle
destroyed hy the French in 1687. It was the Altiaia of the Romans,
and its name occurs in the Nibelungenlied. Alzey is the junction
for several railways.
Fbom Alzbt to Kaisbbslautbbn. — 3 M. Wahlheim; 6 M.,
Monckhtim-IUbesheim. — 91/2 M. Kirohheimholanden (880 ft. ;
B6tel BechteUheimer i Traube)^ a husy little town of 3500 inhah.
Digitized by v_
286 RouU35. GdLLHEIM. Rhenish
with a chateau of the former princes of Nassau- Weilburg, built in
1753 and restored after a Are in 1861 (interesting chapel).
From Kibchhbimbolandbv to thb Donnbbsbbbo. A good road ascends
from the town to (4i/s M.) DannenfelSj situated on the slope to the S. of
the road, in the midst of beautifol old chestnut -trees, and visited as a
summer-resort. About */i M. farther up through wood is the Villa DonnerS'
btrg^ a hotel and pension, with a view-terrace. Pleasant paths, weIl-pro>
vided with finger-posts, lead from the village and from the villa to various
points of view on the E. and 8. slopes of the Donnersberg. The tower
(98 ft. high ; key obtained at Dannenfels), on the top of the Donnersberg
(2246 ft.), the Mom JovU of the Romans, and the French Mont Tormerre,
commands an extensive view. Near the tower is a firmly constructed frag-
ment of a Celtic fort. — Fbom Rookenhausbn (p. 170), a railway-station
on the W. side of the mountain, the ascent occupies the same time. A road
leads thence to (4V< H.) the village of Marienthal^ whence the tower is
reached in 1 hr. more. — The Donnersberg may iJso be ascended from
Winnweiler (p. 170 i through the Falkenstein valley, steep, 3 hrs.), or, most
conveniently, from Bdrntadt (see below \ 1 Va hr.). — From Dannenfels to
Odllfuim (see below) vi& Jacobsweiler and Dreiien^ b^l% M.
13 m. Matnheim ; branch-line to (8 M.) Monsheim (see below),
vilt Alhisheimy Harxheim^ZeUy and Waehenheim,
15 M. OoUheim-DreUen. The village of Odllheim (Ooldenes
Ross) lies 1^2 M. to the S.E. of the station. Near it rises the Basen*
buhly where Emperor Adolph of Nassau was defeated and slain by
Albert of Austria on 2nd July, 1298. At the S.W. end of the town
Is a modern Chapel, designed by Voit, into the walls of which is
built the old 'Konigskreuz', a figure of the Saviour in red sand-
stone, erected on the battlefield in the 14th century.
18 m. Borrstadt (ascent of the Donnersberg, see above). — 22 M.
Langmeil (Frank, at the station). For the Alsenz line, see p. 170.
241/2 M. Neuhemsbaeh'Sembcuih, — 27 M. Erikenbcuih (Ries)
contains the interesting late-Romanesque church of a Prssmonstra-
tensian abbey, founded in 1150 and suppressed in 1664. The
church (restored since 1876) is adjoined on the S. by a cloister, one
walk of which formed the S. transept of the church. Fine W.
portal. — 3IV2 ^' EseUfurthy with the finely wooded Barbarossa
Parky belonging to Kaiserslautem. The (2'/4 M.) Bremerhof is a
favourite pleasure-resort.
33 V2 ^' Kaiserslautem (N. Station) ; 35 M. Kaiserslautem (Prin-
cipal Station), see p. 293.
Fbom Alzby to Wobms. — 2^2 M. Kettenheim; 5 M. Eppels-
heim; 7 M. Oundersheim; 972 M. Niederflorsheim, — 11 M. Mons-
heim, the junction for Neustadt and for Marnheim (see above). —
15 M. Pfeddersheim ; 17 M. Pfiffligheim , with a very ancient elm
(*Luther-Baum'). - I8V2 M. Worms, seep. 281.
Fbom Monshbim to Nbustadt. — IV4M. EohensiUzen; l^j^lA,
Bockenheim ; Ay^ M. Albsheim.
5V2 M. Gr&nstadt (Jacobslust; Pfalzer Hof), a town with 3900
inhabitants. The ruins of the old chtlteaux of AU- and Neu-Lei-
r^ingen, destroyed by the French in 1690, lie on a hill In the dis-
tance to the right.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
PalatinaU. dOrKHEIM. 35, Route, 287
FsoM Gbuhstadt to Eisbnbbbo Ain> Hbttbmleidblhbim, 51/3 and 6 M.,
In ca. VaJif' — The train ascends the valley of the Eishach^ passing numerous
clay-pits. IV4 M. AgselJteim. At (2V2 M.) Merfesheim divei^es the line for
BettenieidelMm. — 4 M. Ebtrtgheim. — SVa M. Einenherg (Derlinger), whence
a diligence plies twice daily to OOllheim (p. 268). Gdllheim may also be
reached in 2>/4 brs., by a pleasant detour yift the old convent of Rosentftaly
with an interesting late-0oihic church (15th cent.);
Fbom ObOmstadt to W0BM8, iOVs M., railway in IV4 hr., via Albsheim
(p. 286), OffitHn, and WeituMm.
8 M. Kirchheim-an-dtr-Eck. From (11 M.) Freinsheim a
branch-line diverges to Frankenthal (see p. 281). 12 Y2 M. Erpolz-
heim. Extensive vineyards in every direction.
151/2 M. D&rkheim (380 ft. ; HdUlHausling, near the Cur-Garten,
Vier Jahreszeitefiy R. 1V2~^V2) P^ns. from 4 •#, both visited for the
grape-cure; Cafi-Re$taurant Schupple; wine at Bach- Meyer' i and
DieH^8\ with 6200 inhab., one of the busiest towns in the Palatinate,
with its conspicuous new Gothic spire, is beautifully situated among
the vineyards of the Haardt Mts. The town was almost entirely rebuilt
after the ravages of the French in 1689. It afterwards enjoyed great
prosperity as the residence of the Princes of Leiningen-Hartenburg,
whose handsome palace , in which IfiFland (p. 278) once acted, and
which was burned down by the French in 1794, occupied the site of
the present town-hall. There are a few antiquities in the court-
room. The neighbouring salt-baths of PhilippshaUe attract a few
visitors in spring. The town is surrounded by pleasant promenades.
On an abrupt eminence at the entrance to the Isenach-Thal^ about Uh M.
to the W. of Diirkheim, lie the picturesque ruins of the Benedictine Abbey
of ^Limbnrg, once a chateau of the Salic Count Conrad the Blder, who was
elected king of Germany in 1024 (Conrad 11.). His eldest son Conrad
having perished while engaged in hunting, the king determined to
convert his ancestral castle into a religions house for the welfare of his
son's soul. On 12th July, 1030, at 4 a.m., as the chroniclers inform us,
he and his queen Gisela accordingly laid the foundation-stone of the
church, and at a later hour on the same day he is said to have also laid
the first stone of the Speyer cathedral. The Abbey of Limburg was com-
pleted twelve years later and presented to the Benedictines, who soon
acquired large possessions. Tlie abbots placed themselves under the
protection of the Hartenburg Counts of Leiningen, but having quarrelled
with them, their abbey was taken and destroyed by Count Emich VIII.
in 1604. The buildings were partly re-erected between 1515 and 1554,
but the abbey having been suppressed by Elector Frederick III. in 1574
they gradually fell to decay. The ruins of the imposing Basilica, which
now belong to government,- afford an admirable example of the style
of the 11th cent., and are surrounded with pleasant grounds. The S.W.
tower, dating from the beginning of the 16th cent., commands a fine view
(137 steps). The walls surrounding the church, part of the original cloisters,
and the burial -chapel, which is open at the E. side, are still preserved.
Charming view in three different directions. (Inn at the top, very fair.)
We may now proceed towards the W., either by a hilly path along
the heights, or by Hansen^ to the Hartenburg, the conspicuous red ruins
of which are situated in the Isenach-Thal, 2V4 M. from the Limburg. This
extensive castle was erected by the Counts of Leiningen about the year
1200, and was afterwards enlarged: in 1510 it was restored in the Be*
naissance style, and in 1794 it was blown np by the French. The ruin is
surrounded with pleasant promenades. On the E. side, on the path from
the Limburg, there is a large grass-plot where tournaments were once
held, planted with fine lime-trees, and oonunanding a pleasing survey of
288 Route 35, WACHENHEIM.
the valley. At the foot of the castle lies the village of Hartenburg (Hirsch),
3 M. from Diirkheim by the highroad. — A walk from Hartenburg up
the pretty iMenaeh-Thai to Frankenstein (p. 293) takes abont 3 hours.
To the K. W. of Diirkheim rises the wooded Kagtanienberg^ the summit
of which is enclosed by a rude stone rampart^ 57-100 ft. broad, 7-13 ft.
high, and about 372 M. in circumference, called the Heidenmaner, and
probably, like the similar structure on the Altkonig (p. 247), of ancient Qer-
manic origin. On the right rises the TevfeUsUin^ a rock 13 ft. in height.
The ^heathens' wair and the abbey of Limburg furnished Cooper with
the background for one of his novels. The paths are provided with
finger-posts, which indicate the way to several good points of view.
Oh the hill to the right, beyond Diirkheim, we observe the
Limburg, and nearer the railway rises the *Flaggenthurm' (view). —
18 M. Waohenheim (Dalbtrger Hof), with 2300 inhab. ; on the
hin lies the ruined Wachttnhurg or Qeiertiburg , once the property
of the Salic dukes, and afterwards that of the Counts Palatine, de-
stroyed In 1689. The handsome country-houses and gardens here
belong to wealthy wine-merchants. To the left lies Font f Adler),
a village which yields excellent wine. — 20 M. Deidesheim (Ooldene
Kanne ; wine at Weidlauft) is another wine-producing place (2800
inhab.) and the residence of many extensive vineyard-proprietors.
22 M. Konigsbach, with large sandstone-quarries. — 23 M. Afuas-
bach (Weisses Ross ; wine at Nauert's), with aluminium-works and
large vineyards ; on the hill to the right lie the long villages of
Lobloch and Oimmeldingen (Hammel, very fair, with view-terrace).
26 M. Neustadt^ see below.
36. From LndwigBhafen to WeisBonbarg and
Strassborg.
Comp. Maps, pp. 385, 393.
Railway to WeUimburg (48 M.) in l«/4-2V« b". (fares 6 *# 20, 4 UT 10,
2 .J 65 pf.; express. 1 Jl iQ pf. or 4 «#)>' thence to (41 M.) BrasMburg in
lV«-2 hrs. (fares 6 UT 50, 3 UT 70, 2 UT 70 pf. ; express 6UH0, 4 UT 30 pf.). —
The quickest through-route to Strassburg is vi& Speyer, see R. 38.
Ludwigshafen, see p. 278. The train traverses the fertile plain
of the Rhine, with its extensive vineyards and fields of corn and
tobacco. — 3 M. Bheingonheim ; 5 M. Mutter atadi.
71/2 M. Sohifferstadt, the junction for Speyer (51/2 M., in 1/4 hr.),
Germersheim, and Strassburg (see p. 296).
The train approaches the Haardt Mts. — IOV2 M. BohUIggel-
heim ; 12^2 M. Hassloch ; 19 M. Neustadt, junction for the lines to
Durkheim, Alzey (R. 35), and Kaiserslautern-Neunkirchen (R. 37).
Kenstadt an der Haardt. — Hotels. *Lowe, near the station, R. 2-3,
B. 1, D. 21/2 *#, good wine, with caf^-restaurant 5 Railwat Hotel, in the
Saalbau (p. ^), with restaurant and garden, very fair? Lamm, very fair;
PPALZEB HOF.
Beitauranti. ^Railway Restaurant; Old German Wine Rootnt^ Post-
Strasse; Alte pfalt; Waldmcmnsburg, with view; Wiener Ca/ii Storch.
United States Agent, Serr Leopold Blum.
Neustadt (450 ft.), situated at the entrance to the valley of the
Speyerbach; the largest town in the Haardt district (17,800 inhab.),
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
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NEUSTADT. 36. RouU. 289
possesses several paper-millg, and carries on a considerable wine-
trade. (Palatinate wines, see Introd.) Near the station is the Saalbau,
a Renaissance edifice, with large halls for balls and concerts, a hotel,
and a restaurant (see p. 288). The handsome Gothic Abbey Church,
founded in 1354 and completed in 1489, contains the tombstones
of several of the Counts Palatine, the founders of Neustadt ; the
choir is used by Roman Catholics, the nave by Protestants. The
Roman Catholic Ludwigs-Kirche, a modern Gothic church, on the
left bank Jf the Speyerbach, was consecrated in 1862. In the
market-place are a monumental fountain and the Stadthcms, for-
merly a Jesuit college (1743). A house opposite has a carved
wooden balcony of 1580. The Creche in the Hetzel-Platz, the Nep-
tune Fountain in the Strohmarkt, and the Hospital in the S.E. of
the town, were erected by Hr. Hetzel, a banker, to whom the cit-
izens have erected a monument to the N. of the Saalbau. The
Maximilian-Str. is lined with handsome villas.
About 1 M. to the W. of the station are the SeMtxenhatu (restaurant),
affording a good view of Neustadt, and the new Realschuk. Farther on, at
about the same height above the valley, opens the SchSnthal, with its
beautiful fountains (restaurant) ^ opposite rises the Wolfsburg (see below).
A walk through the Schonthal brings us to the (^4 M.) shady Kaltenbrunner
Thai, which begins at the K8nig9-MUhU (restaurant). — A pleasant path
leads past the (3 M.) Kalte Brunnen and through the Finster-Thal (numerous
finger-posts) to (2V2 hrs.) the Soh&nzel (3020 ft.^ view-tower; comp. p. 290),
in defending which the Prussian General von Pfau fell in 1794. Refresh-
ments may be obtained at the forester's house. Thence through the
Triefen-Thal to Sdtnkpben (p. 290; 3 hrs.), or through the shady Hiltten-
brunner-Thal jgVz hrs.) or vi& Romberg and Albersweiler (p. 369 } 3 hrs.) to
Annweiler (p. 299).
About IVs M. to the "S. of Keustadt lies the village of Haardt, near
which rises the chateau of Wintingen^ or ^Baardter Schloss\ recently re*
built in the French Renaissance style. — By the third house in Haardt is
a finger-post, indicating the way, leading past the vineyards, and then to
the right by the Kai$eitDtg^ to the Wilhelms-PUtz (2 K. from Neustadt),
which commands a superb view to the 8. A zigaag path leads hence in
40min. to Uie tower on the Weinbiet (18!^ ft.; always (^[>en), which com-
mands an extensive view. Finger-posts indicate the way thence to the
(25 min.) Bergstein (1260 ft.), affording a beautiful view of Neustadt, the
8peyerbach-Thal, and the Schonthal. From the Bergstein we proceed to
the (40 min.) ruin of Wof/tburg and thence to (40 min.) Neustadt.
Fkom Neustadt to thk Maxbdbo, IV4 hr. From the road to the W.
of the station we cross the viaduct and follow the road to the S. to
Ober-Hambach and (2 H.) Mittel-Hafnbaeh. At the 'EngeP Inn we turn to.
the right and after B min. take the new walk to the left, which leads to
the (12 min.) saddle behind the Haxburg. A much preferable route ascends
the Bergstrasse to the W., beyond the above-mentioned viaduct; after 200
paces we ascend a path to the left to (7 min.) a quarry, commanding a
fine view of Neustadt. A finger-post here points out the way to the Nollen
and the Hohe Felsen^ whence the Maxburg is visible (IV'2 hr.). — The Max-
burg, or Hambacher JScMots, formerly called the Kestenburg ('chestnut
castle''), is conspicuouslv situated on a spur of the Haardt, 1060 ft. above
the sea, and about 650 ft. above the plain (small fee to the custodian).
The handsome chateau was re-erected in the Gothic style by Voit, by
order of King liax II. of Bavaria, but is in a neglected condition. The
mediaeval castle is said to have been built by Bmp. Henry II.
A steep paUi descends from the Maxburg by Unter-Bambach to (Vs hi')
Diedes/ehi and (Vs hr.) the railway-station of Maikammer (p. 2S0). — Or
BAKDKKKB'g Rhine. 15th Edit. 19^%OOgle
290 ^uU36. LANDAU. From Ludwigshafen
from the Uaxbnrg we may proceed to O/s hr.) the village of Maikammer^
(1 hr.) Edenkoberiy (Vs hr.) Bhodt^ and the Villa LuduHffMhdhe (see below).
Nenstadt is a terminal station. The train next skirts the exten-
sive vineyards of the Haardt district, commanding beaatifui views,
especially by morning-light. — 22^2 M. Maikammer - Kirrweiler
CKail. Restaurant, yery fair) ; to the right rises the Maxburg (p. 289;
1 hr. from here) j farther distant is the Kalmit (2230 ft.), with a view-
tower (2 hrs. from Nenstadt). On a height more to the S., by the
village of St. Martin^ are the ruins of the Krop^urg,
241/2 M. Edenkoben (^Ooldeneg Schaf, with pleasant garden,
R. 1V2-^V2' pens. 6 Jf, very fair; Waldhaus, at the month of the
Edenkoben Valley, 2 M. from the station, R. from i JIf 20 pf., pens,
from 4 Jf}j a cheerful little town of 5200 inhab. , with a sulphur-
spring, is much frequented for the grape-cure in autumn. Near the
thriving village of Rhodt, 3 M. from Edenkoben, is seen the royal
Villa LudwigshdhCj built by King Lewis I. of Bavaria after Gartner's
designs (charming view), above which rises the ruined Riethurg or
Rippburg, A pleasant route leads hence through the BiUtenbruTmen-
Thai to the (3 hrs.) Schantel (p. 289).
26 M. Edesheim ; 28V2 M. Knoringen, The train crosses the
Queichj which formed the boundary between Alsace and the Palatinate
down to 1815, and separates the Yosges and Haardt Mts.
3OV2 M. Landau (480 ft. ; *Schwan ; *KronprinZy at the station,
R. & B. 2i/4Jf; Kbrber, unpretending but good, R. 1 V^"^, !>• ^<^
wine 2V2 Jf; Rail. Hotel), a town with 15,900 inhab. (1/2 Protes-
tants), was a fortified place at an early period. In the Thirty Years'
War and in the wars with Louis XIV. it was frequently besieged.
From 1680 down to 1815 it remained in the hands of the French,
after which it was annexed to Bavaria. In 1871 the fortifications were
removed. In front of the Commandant's Residence is the Laitpold-
hrunnen, with an equestrian statue of the Prince Regent of Bavaria
(1892). The town has recently much extended beside the W. station.
From Landau to Germersheimy see p. 298.
From Landau to Annweiter and ZweibrUeJeeny see R. 39.
About 5 M. to the N.W. of Landau and 7 H. to the S.W, of Edenkoben
(diligence daily from both, in IV4 and 2V» hr«.> is the village of Gleis-
weiler (1065 ft), which Ues at the foot of the TeufeUberg (1980 ft. ; view
of the Vosges), with a large Bpdrcpathic (whey, grape, and koumiss cures),
which caters for tourists also. — Pleasant walk to the 8.W. to the ruin
of Sehar/eneek (IVa hr.), or to the W. to the Oremiberg (p. 299), both with
fine views.
To the right are visible the Madenburg, the Trifels, the Mlinz-
berg, and the Rehberg (comp. p. 301). — 34 M. Insheim. —
35V2 M. Rohrbach.
Fboh Bohbbach to KLiiroBNM unstbb , 6 M., railway in 85 minutes.
2Vz M. BiaigMm-MUhlho/en: 3 M. Ingenheim-Appmho/en; i'/s M. Ettngen-
tieuehOheim. — Elingenmiinster (Ocht)^ on the Klingbaeh, at the foot of
the Haardt, had a Benedictine eonvent, founded in 650 by Dagobert 11.,
of which only the church (rebuilt in 1735) remains. Elingenmiinster alflo
cotifains the QX\^ji9iy t Dittriet Lwiatic Atyhim. Above the village rises the
imposing ruin of Landed. The tower on the TrHieUkopf affords a fine
to 8tra$8hurg. WBISSENBURG. 36, RouU, 291
view of the mountains of the Palatinate. — From Klingenmnnster we mny
go on to MOnehweiUr and (S'/x M.) 8ilt^ and then take a footpath leading
to the left to (IV4 hr.) the Lindelbrunner Schlosa (p. 301).
38 M. Winden, junction for Maxau and Carlsruhe (see p. 361).
Fboh Winden to Bebgzabebn, 6 M., railway in Vs hr. (fares 80, 56,
36 pf.). — Intermediate stations: Barhelroth-Oberhausen^ Kapellen-INeder-
horbaeh, — Bergsabem CiSeF^xel , E. lVi-2, pens. 4-6 .J; Cwr-Hdtel; Wilder
Mann)^ a town of 2600 inhab., with old houses («. g. Angel Brewery) and
a castle, is of Koman origin. To the W. (^(^ M.) is a new quarter, with
the Holler MUhle (Gurhaus), a hydropathic, and several pensions. — The
Tillage of Dffrrehbaeh, iVsM. to tUe .S., has an old Rathhaas and a singolar
fortitied church. To the W. of Dorrenbach rises the Steffelsberg (15b0 it. ;
view). — Diligence from Bergzabern once daily to (17V« M.) Dahn (p. 301)
in 81/3 hrs.
42^2 M. 8ehaxdt'8itinftld ; 45 M. Kapsweytr, the last Bavarian
station. — The train enters Alsace and crosses the Lauttr, To the
left are the Bienwald and the Geisberg (see below). — The inter-
national through express-trains follow a loop-line without entering
the station of Weissenburg.
48 M. WeiBsenbnrg (620 ft ; Engel^ Schwan^ in the town, very
fair ; H6t, Germania, Durr, at the rail, station), a very ancient town
with 6900 inhab., mentioned in history as early as the Merovingian
kings, was the seat of an Independent abbey, founded by Dago-
bert II., down to 1534. Otfried, author of a poetic harmony of the
Gospels, the earliest rhymed German poem of any length, was a
monk here about 860. The Abbey Church of St, Peter and St. Paul
is a noble example of the early-Gothic style (13th cent.), with a
tower above the crossing of the transept, a fine portal, and a beau-
tiful chapel opening from the S. transept In the interior are line
stained-glass windows, of the end of the 13th (Romanesque ; on
the S. side), and of the 14th and 15th centuries. It is adjoined on
the N. side by handsome Gothic cloisters, which have been recently
restored and contain a few old carvings and tombstones. The
Johannis- Kirche, partly Romanesque in style, and many of the
private houses are also interesting edifices.
On 4th Aug.. 1870, part of the Qerman army under the Crown Prince
of Prussia gained a decisive victory here over the French under Abel Douay.
The town, defended by a simple wall, and the Oeisberg, 2 M. to ihe S.,
were occupied by the French, but were attacked by Prussians from the E.
and Bavarians from the N., and both taken after a severe struggle. In
order to form an idea of the nature of the ground, the traveller should
follow the Lauterburg road, turn to the right about 1 M. from the station,
cross the railway, and proceed by a footpath to the (V4 M.) OutUuthof and
the (V4 M.) chateau of Oeisberg^ now a farm-house (rfmts.), round which the
struggle was very hotly contested. Fine view from the terrace on the E,
side. Douay fell at the top of the hill, on the way to which numerous
graves of the fallen are passed. The traveller may now return by the
Hagenau road on the W. side, a round of 2-2V« hrs. in all. Vs^ous
monuments have been erected on the battlefield.
About 8 M. from Weissenburg a footpath (red and white marks),
diverging to the right from the Bitseh road, ascends in 1/2 hr. to the
view>tower on the top of the Seherhohl (1660 ft.). From the top we de-
scend to the left and regain the road near the 7th kilometre-stone. Thence
we may follow the footpaths running parallel with the road vi& Klein-
Wingen and Klimbach to the Fleckenstein and the Wegelnbu^ (p. 301).
19*
292 Rouuae. hagenau.
Fbom Wbissbhburq to Lautbbbuso (p. 998), 13 M., branch-railway in
'/< hr., via BehleitTud, Salmbaehy Niederlauterbach^ and 8eh$ibenhard»
On quitting Weissenburg the train describes a circuit round the
Geisberg, and passes stations Ritdsdz^ Hunspach, and Hofen.
58 M. 8ul% witerm Wold (Rossle)) the headquarters of the
Grown Prince of Prussia, commander of the Third German Army,
on Aug. 5-6th, 1870. — At Lohsann, Ftehtlhtonn^ and Schwab'
weiUfy near Sulz, petroleum and asphalt are obtained. — The line
now traverses part of the Forest of Hagenau^ which is 45,000 acres
in extent.
6372 M. Walburg, with a line church of the 15th century.
Branch-line to {6^/% M.) Worth (see below), vl& BibUsheimj Durrer^
baehy and Morsbronn,
Morsbronn and Worth are the best starting-points for a visit to the
Battlefield of Aug. 6th, 1870. — The neighboorhood of Mor^otm was the
scene of the attack of the 11th Prossian Army Corps and of the gallant
onset (about 1 p.m.) of the French cavalry, which certainly covered the
retreat of the infantry, but resulted in the destruction of the whole brigade
of horse. The Germans then pressed forward and occupied the village of
£{«at«Aa«(Mri(3p.m.)t which they afterwards maintained against the attempts
of the French to retake it The battlefield is now studded with monuments,
the finest of which is the *Statue of Emp. Frtderiek^ by Max Baumbach,
near JHe/enbach (best view of the battlefield). Kear Elsasshausen is the
^MacMahon Tree% where the French marshal had his stand during most
of the battle.
The little town of W6rth ( Weu$e$ Rosm^ fair; old Roman altar in front
of the Gemeindehaus), which has given its name to the battle, contains
1060 inhab.. and lies on the right bank of the Sauer. The Germans found it
unoccupied by the French, and at once took possession of it (7 a.m.), sueoess-
fully resisting all attempts to dislodge them. Their efforts, however, to
storm the strong position held by the French on the heights of Fr5seh-
weiler were in vain, until the success of the Prussians at Morsbronn made
its influence felt on the French right wing. Frftschweiler (Jdarer-Zusammen*
hunft , fair^, the centre of the French position , with the headquarters of
MacMahon, was attacked from all sides almost simultaneously and captured
between 4 and 6 p.m. Those of the French who escaped death or capture
effected a disorderly retreat towards (2 M.) Beiehshofen (p. 814). The
church of Frdschweiler was destroyed, but a new one, the tower of which
overlooks the whole of the battlefield, has been built. The largest French
monument stands to the K. of the road from W5rth to Frdschweiler. —
€k>mp. the Map.
6872 M. Hagenaa (^Europaischer Hof, with garden ; Post ; AndreSj
all near the station ; BaiL Restaurant^ fair), with 18,(}00 inhab., was
once a free town of the German Empire and a fortress, the works
of which are partly preserved. The walls were erected by Emp.
Frederick I. in 1164. The palace built by the same emperor, after-
wards a favourite residence of the Hohenstaufen, was burned by
the French in 1678. Part of the oonspiouous Church of 8t. George
dates from the 12th century. The choir contains a huge wooden
figure of Christ, executed in 1488. The fine candelabrum of the
13th cent., and the modem stained glass also deserve attention. —
To the E. of the town and S. of the Hagenauer Wald He the artil-
lery-ranges. — Railway to Saargemund, Metz, and Scuirbrucken,
see pp. 314, 315.
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KAISERSLAUTERN. 37. RouU. 293
71 M. Marienthal, with a nunnery, dissolved in 1789; 73 M.
BischxveiUTf with cloth-mann factories (branch-line to Oherhofen,
gee p. 298). The train now crosses the Zom. — 73^2 M. Kurzen"
hausen; 75V2 M. Weyersheim; 79 M. Hordt.
83 M. Vender^eim, jnnction for the Saarburg-Zabern line(R. 42).
Then several unimportant villages, near whloh are some of the
outworks of Strassbnrg. — 89 M. Strassburg, see p. 302.
37. From Mannheim (Ludwigshafen) to Nennkirchen.
72 M. Railway (PfdUUche Eisenbahn) in 2V4-4 brfl. : fares 9 *# 30,
6 Ur 30, 4 uriO pf. (express 11 UT 20, 7 ^ 60 pf., 5 Jl).
The train crosses the Rhine by the Railway Bridge (p. 278),
which affords a pleasing glimpse of the river, to (2 M.) Ludwigs-
hafen (p. 278). Thence to (21 M.) Keustadt, see p. 288.
Neustadt is the junction of the line to Diirkheim (R. 35) and to
Landau (R. 36). — The Saarbriicken line now enters the mountain
district of the Westrich, For an hour the train winds up the beautiful
wooded ravine of the Speyerhach^ and penetrates the variegated
sandstone rocks by means of 12 tunnels. Beyond Neustadt, on a
hill to the right, stand the red ruins of the Wolfsburg.
25 M. Lanibrecht - Orevenhausen (Pfalzer Hof, very fair) , two
villages (3600 inhab.) founded by Walloon emigrants, with extensive
Qloth-factories. About IV4M. farther on, at Frankeneck, a paper-
making village, the valley divides. The branch to the left, through
which flows the Speyerbach, is named the Elmateiner' Thai ; that to
the right is named the Frankensteiner-Thal, and is watered by
the Hoehapeyerbach. The train ascends the latter.
Farther on, on a height to the right, are the ruins of Neidenf els.
29 M. Weidtnthal, with two new churches. — 32 M. Frankenstein
(Haffen), one of the most picturesque points in the valley, with the
ruins of a castle of that name, beneath which the line passes. On
the right are the Teufelsleiter, and in a sequestered side-valley,
also to the right, the ruin of Diemerstein.
Prom Lambrecht (3 hrs.), from Weidenthal (2 hrs.), or from Franken'
stein (2 hrs.) we may visit the Drachenfds (1830 ft.), commanding a fine
view ; ^U hr. below the top is the Sieg/riedtbrunnen. Thence to Diirkheim,
by the Hartenburg (4 hra.) or vii the Limbnrg (3 hrs.), see p. 287.
35 M. Hochspeyer (876 ft.), the highest station on the line, is the
junction for the Alsenz-Bahn to Kreuznach (see p. 170). The line
penetrates the Heiligenberg (watershed) by a tunnel 1485 yds. long.
42 M. Kalserslantern (775ft. ; *Schwan, R. from 2, B. 1 , D. 2 1/2 Jfi
Karlsberg, R. 2-3V2, B. 8/4, D. 2 ^; Kraffi, R. lV2-l^/4, B. 8/4, D.,
incl. wine, 2^/2 Jf; Post; Railway Hotet)^ one of the chief towns
in the Palatinate, situated in the hilly tract of the Westrich, with
48,300 inhab., and considerable spinning factories, iron-works, and
breweries, was once a residence of Emp. Frederick Barbarossa, who
erected a magnificent palace here in 1153, The building was de*
294 Route 37, LANDSTUHL.
stroyed daring the Spanish War of Succession, and the site is now
occupied by a house of correction. The Protestctnt Church with its
three towers owes its foundation to the same monarch, hut in its
present form belongs to the 13th and 14th centuries. It contains
a marble monument in memory of the union of the Protestant
churches by Knoll, with an allegorical figure and the statues of
Luther and Calyin (1883). The Provincial ATtMeum, a fine building
in the Italian Renaissance style, with interesting collections, is open
daily, except Frid., 10-12 and 2-4 (adm. 50, on Sun. 20 ptl
Fbom Kaisebslaxjtebn to Staudebnhbim, 85 M., railway in 2V4 brs.
(fares 3 «# 10 pf. , 2 Jf). From the staUon of (5Vi H.) Lan^^erttmUhle a
diligence plies thrice daily in Vs hr. to (2Vs H.) Otterherg^ with a Cister-
cian abbey founded in 11^4 and now suppressed. The abbey-church, an
imposing structure in the Transition style, was probably completed in
1225. — 15VsH. WolfiMn^ at the foot of the JI9n^«&«r^ (1780 ft.; ancient
tombs, remains of Boman buildings). On the left are the ruins of Neu-
wolfsteiny built by Rudolph I. in 1275, and of the former imperial castle of
Altwolfstein. ^ 21 M. Lauterecken. Diligence hence once daily in 7% br. to
(3 M.) Offenbach am Glan (OeHaeK, Schmtm, both fair), the *Abbey Church
of which is one of the roost important examples of the Transition style.
Of the original edifice, which was built about 1170-90, only the choir, the
transepts, and two side-apses like chapels now remain. — 23 M. Medard;
26 H. Odenbai^. — 30 M. MeUeiiheim, and thence to Statidemheim, see p. 171.
Beyond Kaiserslautern the line runs near the ^Kaiserstrasse*, a
road constructed by Napoleon, and skirts the lAmdstuhUr Bruch, an
extensive moor at the base of wooded hills. — 49 M. Kindsbach,
51 M. Landitohl (Ooldener Engel, in the town, R. i^l4r% D.
1 ^2 •^v ^Itb large garden and the Siikingen HydropathiCy pens. 4-6 »4f ;
Schlon9-H6tely R. IVa-^t Pens. 41/2*^, also with a Hydropathic, in
the forest ; Burgard^ at the station), a small town with 4200 inhab.,
was once a seat of the SidLingen family, whose castle, with its huge
walls, 25 ft. thick, lies in ruins above the town. Franz von Sickingen
(p. 169) was besieged here by the Electors of the Palatinate and
Treves in 1523 , and lost his life by the falling of a beam. His
remains were interred in a vault under the church, but the
monument erected to his memory was destroyed by the French.
Another has recently been erected by Frelherr von Stumm of Neun-
kirchen, and the paths about the castle have been repaired. Keys
at the forester's. Fine points in the environs are the Fleiachhacker's
Lochy Kohlenberg (view-tower), and Bdrenloch (a round of 272-3 hrs.).
Fbom Lanostdhl to Eusel, 18 M., branch-railway in l>/r>3 hrs. (fares
1 «# 60, iJHO pf.). The line intersects the Landstuhler Bruch (see above).
3M. Ranutein; 5H. Steinvenden; 7 M. Niedermohr. At(8s/4M.) Glan-Mnneh-^
teeiler the attractive valley of the Glan is entered, and followed vi& RBhtBMtry
Eisenhach-Mattenbaehy and Theubergstegen to (15 M.) Altenglan. The line
then turns in a sharp angle towards the W., and enters ttie Kuseler-Thal. •—
Kuael (Mairuer Ho/ or Posth a busy town of 3100 inhab., with cloth and
other factories. In the neighbourhood are large syenite quarries.
54V2 M. HaupUtuhl; 57 M. Bruchmuhlbach. -^ ^ M. Homburg
(795 ft. ; DummUry very fair), a small town with 4800 Inhabitants.
About 172 ^> to ^^e ^•^' is the ruined castle of CarUberg , built
in i780 and destroyed by tl^e French in 1793. GooqIc
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SPEYER. 38.R0UU, 295
Fbom Hombuko to ZwhibbCckbh, 7 H., railway in V« lir. — Keir (4 K.)
Sehwarsenacker is the former convent of WeruhweUer. From (5 M.) Einifd tq
Saarbriicken and Saargemflnd, see p. 800. — 7 M. ZwfibrOekeny see p. 300.
Beyond (68 M.) Bexbaeh the line enters a productiYe coal-district
In Prussia. 69V2 M. WelleaweiUr. — 72 M. Neunkirchen (p. 173).
38. From Lndwigshafen to Speyer, Lanterborg,
and Strassborg.
81 M. From Lndwigsbafen to (46 M.) Lautirhurg^ ordinary train in
3-3 hrs. (fares 5 uT 45, 3 UT 45. 2 UT 60 pf.); thence to (85 M.) Sirattthurg in
I'A-S hr.4. (fares A •# 50 pf., 8 •#, 2 Ji). — Express from Lndwigshafen
to Strassbarg in 2 hro. (fares 12 UTIO, 8 UT 60, 6 UT 10 pf ).
From Ludwigthafen to (71/2 M.) Schifferstadt, see p. 288. The
line to Speyer diverges here to the left from the Landaallne (R. 36).
13 M. Speyer. — Railway Stationa. The Central Stat'on (PI. A, 1)
is about «/i X- ^I'om tbe cathedral, to which the road leads in a straight
direction*, the Rhenish Station of the Schwetzingen line (PI. £, 8) is only
V4 M. ftom the cathedral. — Omnibus into the town, 30 pf.
Hotels. ^WiTTSLSBACREB HoF (PI. a; 0, 4), Ludwig-Str. 40, B. 2-8 Jf^
with garden-restaurant; Bhxihisghbb Hof (PI. b ; B,8), Maximilian-Str. 44,
rery fair, B. IV4-21/4. D. 2Vs Jfi Pfalzbb Hof (PI. c; G, 3), Maximilian-
Strasse 13 , B. 2-3 UlT , D. with wine 2 UlT 7D pf., well spoken of; Emgel,
near the Altportel (PI. B, 8), second-class.
Restanrantg. Deutsche Oambrinus, both opposite the station ; Sonne^
Kaximilian-Str. ; Zum Nmtm Storchen, facing the Altpdrtel (p. 298) —
Wine at Sick's, Konigs-Platz. — Oafea. Waibel^ by the Altportel; Obern-
dor/ery Maxfmilian-Str.
Speyer, or Spires (325 ft.), the capital of the Bavarian Palatinate,
lies near the left bank of the Rhine, at the influx of the Speyerbaeh,
Pop. 21,000 (2/5 Prot.).
Speyer was the Boman Augusta Ifemetum, became an episcopal see in
the 4th cent., and was frequenUy the residence of the German emperors.
The city prospered greatly under the Salic emperors, who repeatedly granted
privileges to the loyal inhabitants, embellished the old palace, and built
the celebrated cathedral, which was regarded as the burial-church of the
German emperors for nearly five centuries. As a free city of the empire
(from 1294 onwards) Speyer enjoyed a high reputation. Of the numerous
imperial diets held here the most important was that of 1529, under
Charles V., after which the princes and estates who had espoused the
eause of the Beformation received the name of Protestants^ from their
protest against the resolution of the hostile minority (comp. p. 397). The
city was destroyed by the French in 1689, and has only recently begun to
prosper again. — Edward VII. of England is said to have first met his
future wife in Speyer Cathedral.
The ^Cathedral (PI. D, 3), the great attraction of the place, is
open 9-11 a.m., and 2-6 (in winter 2-4) p.m. ; admission to the
choir and crypt, and to the whole cathedral out of hours, by tickets
only (35 pf.), obtained from the sacristan. The old-German altar-
piece and the cartoons in the Chapel of St. Catharine are shown for
a fee of 50 pf. fseveral pers. 25 pf. each^. — The cathedral was
founded in 1030 by Conrad II. (d. 1039), continued by his son
Henry HI. (d. 1056), and practically finished by his grandson
Henry IV. (d. 1106). The restorations necessiuted b^ the ilres of
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296 Route 38. SPEYER. From Ludwigshafen
1137, 1169, 1281, and 1450 acarcely modifled the original character
of the building. On 31st May, 1689, the town and the cathedral
were ravaged with fire and sword by the hirelings of *his most
Christian majesty* Louis XIY., under -Louvois, Montclar, and
M^ac. After the restoration by the Wurzburg architect Neumann
(1772-84), the church was once more subjected to devastation on
10th-20tii Jan., 1794, and
was converted into a maga-
zine. It was not till 1822
that it was at length restored
to its sacred purposes. The
Kaiser-Halle, or vestibule,
with its three portals and
large rose-window, was er-
ected hyHubach in 1854-58
in place of Neumann's fa-
cade, while the W. towers
(240 ft.) were completed on
the model of the E. towers.
The church is a simple,
but vast and imposing Ro-
manesque basilica , with
nave, aisles, transepts, two
domes , and four towers.
Length 147 yds., length of
transept 60 yds., breadth of
nave 15 yds., height of nave
105 ft. The handsome arcade
at the top runs round the
whole building. (The visitor
should walk round this ar-
cade and ascend the tower ;
sexton 75 pf.)
In the Kaiser-Halle are
niches of gilded mosaic, in
which stand sandstone statues of the emperors buried in the church.
The four reliefs are by Pilt: Conrad laying the foundation of the
cathedral; Rudolph and the priest with the host^ Rudolph receiving the
tidings of his election to the throne; the same emperor taking the cross
from the altar in default of a sceptre at his coronation at Aix-)a-Chapelle.
Over the principal inner portal is represented the dedication of the church
to the Virgin, on the left St. Bernard and St. Stephen, on the right John
the Baptist and the painter Schraudolph.
The ♦Intbriok is adorned with 32 large ♦Febscobs, by Johann
Schraudolph and his pupils (1845-53), representing Old Testament
events prophetic of the Redemption, scenes from the lives of Christ,
the Madonna, and St. Bernard of Olalrvaux, and numerous single
figures of prophets and saints.
In the Kings' Ghoib, on broad pedestals, are two larsa statues:
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?ight, Rudolph of Hapsburg (d. 1291), in Tyrolese marble, by
Schwantbaler, in a sitting posture; left, Adolph of Nassau (d. 1298;
see below), in sandstone, by Ohnmacht, in a kneeling position. On
tbe right and left of the approach to the principal choir two RdiefSy
formerly in the crypt, are built into the walls, each containing
likenesses of four emperors and bearing ancient inscriptions. —
The Ohapbl of St. Apba was built in 1097-1103, but was after-
wards altered. The body of Emp. Henry IV. lay here unburied
from 1106 to 1111, when the papal excommunication was revoked.
— The Baptistbby, in the S. aisle, dates from the 12th century.
Above it (entrance from the S. transept) is the Chapbl of St. Ca-
tharine, originally dating from the 13th cent., but almost entirely
rebuilt in 1857 ; it contains the cartoons for Schraudolph's frescoes
and an early-German altar-piece (adm., see p. 295).
The Ckypt beneath the choir and the transept, restored in
1857, belongs in its entirety to the old building , consecrated in
1039, and contains the entrance to the Emperors' Tomb, which wa^
destroyed by the French in 1689. In 1900 careful researches were
made, and the imperial vault is now in course of reconstruction. The
bones of the buried monarchs are, as far as possible, to be replace^
in their old positions, and the relics brought to light (includinff
copper funereal crowns, fragments of clothes, a sapphire ring, and
a cross of Henry IV.) are to be exhibited to the public.
The following is a list of the royal personages buried in this cathedral:
Emp. Conrad JI. fd. 10559) and his wife GUela (d. 1048)^ Heni-y III. (d. 1056);
Eew-V IV. (d. 1106) and his wife Beriha (d. 1087); Hwry V. (d. 1125), the
last of the Salic line ; Beatrice (d. 1184), wife of Frederick Barbarossa, and
their daughter Agnes; Pliilip of Swabia (d. 120S); Rudolph of Hapiburg
(d. 1291), whose tombstone has heen preserved; and the rival monarchs,
Adolph of Na»9au (d. 1298) and Albert I. of Austria (d. 1303; p. 286).
The ancient Chitbohyabd (PI. D, 3) is now a promenade, where
a military band plays on summer-evenings. Opposite the N.E.
uomer of the church is the Domnapf or cathedral bowl, a large
vessel of sandstone, once marking the boundary between the episcopal
and civic jurisdiction. Every new bishop was obliged, after binding
himself to respect the liberties of the town, to fill the Napf with
wine, which was then drunk to his health by the townspeople. The
fragments of the * Mount of Olives^ to the S. of the cathedral, con-
structed in 1511, are the sole remains of the cloisters, which were
built in 1437-44 and destroyed at the end of the 18th century. —
Among the trees to the S.E. of the choir rises the Heiden-Thiirmchen
(Heathens' Tower; PI. E, 3), the substructure of which may be of
Koman origin. It belonged to the town-wall built in 1080 by Bishop
Kudger. — A good view of the cathedral- choir is obtained from the
bank of the Rhine, below the bridge-of-boats.
The devastations of the French have left few notable buildings
of antiquity at Speyer. An unsightly wall by the Protestant church
preserves the name of the ancient Retscher (PI. 9 ; C, D, 3), an im-
perial palace where the diets were held. The *Judenhad\ in a small
298 BouU 38, GERMERSHEIM.
garden at the end of the Jndengasse (PI. C, D, 4), dates from the
early 13th cent, (key at the town-hall). The fine old gate-tower, at
the W. end of the Maximilian - Strasse , is named the Altporiel
(PI. B, 3). Adjacent is the new 'ProUitations-Kirche' (PI. A, 4),
a cniclform building in the Gothic style, erected to commemorate
the Diet of 1529 (p. 296).
The ♦Museum of Provincial Antiquities (PI. 8; B, 2) is in the
building of the Real-Schule. Adm. 50 pf (Snn., 2-4, free).
Tbe first three rooms to the right contain the Natwal ffitiorp Collee-
Hon$. — Next come two rooms with Ftctutu, mostly of Netherlandish
origin and of little value. — Antiquities, Booh I. Roman AtUiquitiet, in-
duding glass, weapons, bronzes (*Bust, perhaps of Germanicus; "Head of
a Centaur, a Oreek original, ca B.C. 30u), and numerous *8igillata Vases.
— Room II. Smaller Roman antiquities. Ca'>inei o/ Coin. — Room HI.
Views of Sjpeyer; representations of h'storical events in the Palatinate. —
Room IV. Coins; Roman pottery ; painted stone plaqaes, with the Virgin
and Apostles (Speyer, 1>to). — Room V. Prehiitorie AvtiquUiet, including
objects in gold and bronze. Alemannian and Frank thAnHquUie*. — Room VI.
Mirrors; M^8. ; incunabula* — Room VII. Aa«ient views of Speyer, the
cathedral, etc. : marble bust by VenchaffeU (d. 1798). — Room VIII. Library.
— GoBBiDOB IX, Wooden model of Speyer in 1680. Frankenthal china. —
CoERiooB X. Prehistoric dng-out\ found in the bed of the Rhine. Banners.
French weapons of 1870-71. — To the left are two more rooms with pictures
and the Heydenreich Collection (porcelain and tapestrjj
In the basement is the LapidatHum, with Roman milestones, tombstones,
and votive stones. — On the B. side of the building are two Roman eqres>
trian statues.
From Speyer the railway proceeds past Berghauaen , Heiligen"
stein, and Lingenfeld to (22 M.) Germersheim (Satm)^ an old town
(5900inhab.) at the confluence of the(?tteicft(p.299) andtheRbine,
fortified since 1835. Rudolph of Hapsburg died here in 1291.
Fbom Gbhmbbshbim to Landao, ism., railway in Vs-V* hr. Stations:
Westheim, Lustadt, Zeisham^ Hochstadtj and Dreihof. Landau, see p. 290. —
To Bruehsal, see p. 352.
25 M. Sondemheim ; 28 M. Bellheim ; 3072 M. BulzUim ; 33 V2 M.
Rheintdbemj on the Erlenbach ; 35 M. Jockgrim,
39 M. Worth, the junction of the Carlsruhe and Landau line
(p. 361). 41 M. Hagenbach; 43 M. Neuhurg ; 45 M. Berg, The
train then crosses the Lanier, which forms the boundary between
the Bavarian Palatinate and Alsace.
46 M. Lanterbnrg CB^ume; was once fortified, and is frequently
mentioned In the annals of the old wars between the French and
Germans. The Rathhaus contains a Roman altar. Branch-line to
Weissenburg, see p. 292.
49 M. Mothern; 53 M. Selz, with a Gothic chapel, the Junction
of a line to Walburg (p. 292). — 58 M. Boschwoog, junction of
the strategic railway to Rastatt and Carlsruhe (p. 279), continued
towards the W. to H -genau and Obermodem (p. 3il6).
62 M. Sesenheim (Ochs, weU spoken of; Krone) ^ the scene of
Goethe*8 Intimacy with Frederica Brion (1770-71).
The church and parsonage have since been rebuilt. The wooded hill
with the arboor in which Goethe and Frederica used to converse has been
ANNWEILER. 39. Route. 299
purchased by a number of the poet's admirers, and the arbour has been
renewed. On the S. side of the church are the tombstones of Fred erica's
parents (comp. p. 376). In the church Is the bench on which Goethe, by
Frederica's side, *found a somewhat dry sermon none too long\
65 m. Vrusenheim; 68 M. Herlisheim, on the Zom; 70 M.
Oambaheim, with an old chapel; 74 M. Wanzenau^ with Fort Fran-
secky ; 79 M. Bischheim. — ol M. Strassburg (p. 302).
39. From Landau to Zweibrucken. The Vosgea of
the Palatmate.
Comp. Map^ p. 292.
Fbom Landau to Z weibbdcken, 45 M. , railway in 1V4-3V4 hrs. (fares, 2nd cl.
8 UT 80, 3rd cl. 2 ur 45 pf., express-fares 1st cl. 6 UT 50, 2nd cl. 4 UT 70 pf.).
Landau^ see p. 290. The train stops at the W. station, and
then ascends the valley of the Queichy which soon contracts, -r-
38/4 M. Godramsttin. From (5 M.) Siebeldingen (Adler) a road leads
via Birhweiler, Ransbachj and Leinsweiler to (S^/2 M.) Eschbach, at
the foot of the Madenburg (p. 800). — 6V4 M. Albersweiler. Abont
31/2 M. to the N.W. is the village of Eusserthal, with aRomanesq|ie
Cistercian church dating from the middle of the 13th century. The
Orenaberg (1915 ft), 31/2 M. to the N., is a good point of view.
91/2 M. Annweiler(590ft.; Sehwan, R. lV2-2j pens. iJf, very
fair; Rehbergj similar prices, both with gardens), a small and ancient
town of 3700 inhab. on the right bank of the Queich (the station
is on the left bank), is a good centre for excursions among the
mountains of the S. Palatinate (p. 300). The KrapptnftU and Buck-
holzfels are easily accessible points in the neighbourhood. The *View
Tower on the Rehberg (1890 ft.), II/2 tr» to the S., is reached by a
path (white marks), indicated (left) by a flnger-post in the main
street of the village.
From the E. entrance of Annweiler a road (*Burg-Stra8se') di-
verges to the S. from the Landau highroad, and from it a footpath
(blue marks) ascends to the left through wood. The ancient im-
perial fortress of ♦Trifels (1516 ft. ; 1 hr. ; rfmts.) was founded
as early as the 10th cent., but the present scanty ruins date from
about the middle of the 12th century. Trifels was not unfrequently
occupied by the German emperors. Its walls protected the unhappy
Henry IV., when excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII. in 1076,
and deserted by his nobles It was here that Richard Coeur-de-Lion
is said to have been confined for more than a year (1193-94) by the
Emp. Henry VI., until his liberation was effected by the faithful
Blondel. After the Thirty Years' War the castle fell to decay. The
central tower, 33 ft. in height,, and the chapel have recently been
restored. In cleaning the castle-well, the spring, cut in the rock,
was discovered at a depth of 270 ft. The view is similar to that from
the Madenburg, but less extensive towards the E. (7qqq1p
300 BouU 39. ZWEIBBUCKEN. The Vosgei of
The hill occapied by the Trifels is the noTthemmost eminence of a
range 1 M . in length* the other two summits of which bear the rains of
Anebos and Schar/enberg^ the latter, with its square tower 66 ft. in height,
being usaally known as the MUmz. A pleasant path (with blue marks)
skirt9 the 8.W. slope of this range, passing ihese ruins. Farther on it
descends, but afterwards again ascends, leading through fragrant woods
of beech and pine. The Weiterberg remains to the left. In I1/3 hr. we
reach the Kadenbnrg Gocally Eschbacker 8ehlot$; 1520 ft.| rfmts.), situated
above the village of Escbbach to the S., the grandest rum in the Rhenish
Palatinate, formerly belonging to the counts of Leiningen, afterward^ to
the bishopric of Speyer, and burned down by the French general Kontclar
in 16S9. The *View from the Hadenburg is one of the finest and moat
extensive in the Palatinate, comprising both plain and mountain. — From
the Madenburg to BtchtuUh^ 25 min. ; to KlingmmikMter (p. 290), 1 hr.
The narrow gieen valley of the Qaeich beyond Annweiler ig
enclosed by wooded hills, from, which the variegated sandstone
protrudes in picturesque and fantastic forms. — 12 M. Rinnthal ;
I4Y2 M. WilgartawUserij with a handsome church by Voit
17 M. Hauenstein, — 21 M. Hinttrweidenthal ' KaUenbach
(Gerstle, very fair ; Rail. Restaurant) , a good centre for excursions.
Diligence four times daily from Kaltenbach to Dahn (5 M., p. BOl).
— 24V2 M. MunehweiUr, — The line now crosses the watershed
b^ween the tributaries of the Rliine and of the Nahe. 28 M.
Radalhen, — 30 M. BiebermiihU (800 ft.).
Branch-line to (4V4 M., in 20 min.) Pirmaaena (1205 ft. \ J9fe«ft, R. lV»-2,
D. 2 Jf, well spoken of-, Rail. Hotel), an industrial town with 80,000 inhab..
named after St. Pirmin, who preached here in the 8th eentury. From 1764
to 1790 the Landgrave Lewis IX. of Hesse-Darmstadt had his residence
in the town. The Protestant charch contains the landgrave^s monument.
Several unimportant stations. 42 M. Tschifflick, once a summer-
residence of Stanislaus Leszczynski, King of Poland.
45 M. Zweibrucken (730 ft. ; *Zweibrucker Hof; *PfdlzerHof)^
formerly the residence of the Dukes of Zweibrucken, and known to
the literary world as the place where the Editiones Bipontinae of
classical authors were published. It is now a town of 13,700 inhab.,
and contains the chief court of the Bavarian Palatinate, which occu«
pies the old castle. When Charles X. Gustavus of the Zweibrucken
family ascended the Swedish throne, the duchy became subject to
Sweden, which it continued to be till the death of Charles XII. (1719).
The Alexander-Kirche contains the burial-vaults of the ducal house.
The Rom. Cath. Church is a handsome building in the Gothic style.
Fbom Zweibrucken to Saarbbdckkn . 22 M. , railway in »/4-iV4 hr.
(fares 2 Ulf 90, 1 UT 95, 1 UT 50 pf.), via 02 M.) Eindd (p. 296) and (i3»/t M.)
St. Jngbtrt^ an industrious town with 14,000 inhabitants. The other stations
are unimportant. — SaarbrUeken^ see p. 173.
Froh Zweibrucken to Saargemund, 23 M^ railway in VrlV* hr. (fares
2 •#, 1 ur 30 pf.). Unimportant stations. — 23 M. Saargemund, see p. 816.
From Annweiler (p. 299) a visit may be made to the picturesque
mountainous district to the S. of the Queich, which belongs to the
old Wasgau or WasgetUand (p. 326).
About 6 M. to the S.W. of Annweiler lies the Lindelbrunner
Schloss, which is reached by the highroad to VolkersweiUr and
the Palatinate. DAHN. 39, Route. 301
Ooasersweiler ^ and thence by a path through the fields. A pleas-
anter hut somewhat longer route (2^/4 hrs.) diverges to the left at Scarn-
8tallj IY2 M. to the W. of Annweiler, and leads through the Bim-
bach'Thal, passing Lug^ Schwanheim, and (l*/4 hr.) Ober-Schletten-
bach (Gennann, 5 min. to the left of the path, good wine). — Thore
coming firom the Trifels follow th6 Madenhurg route (see p. 300)
to (1/2 hr.) the saddle between the Scharfenberg and Rehberg (finger-
post) and then skirt the hollow to (25 min.) the stone cross on the
saddle to the N. of the Rehberg. Thence they descend to (20 min.)
the highroad, to the N* of Yolkersweiler.
The *Lindelbnmiier Schloss (1445 ft.), the ruins of a castle
of the Counts of Leiningen, stands on an isolated hill affording
an unimpeded view in all directions. At the foot of the hill is the
inn Zum Schlosschen.
About 2 M. from the Llndelbrunner Forsthaus lies Vordervoeiden-
thai (rfmts. at the burgomaster's), and I1/2 M. farther on is Erlen-
bach (H6t. Berwartstein, R. 1^/4 Jfy f*ir)» iii^der the shadow of the
castle of Bervcartatein or BdrbeUteiriy recently rebuilt. Near the
latter Tillage we join the highroad to Dahn vi4 Busenberg, which
we follow until we reach a fingerpost on the left, indicating the
path to (2V4 M.) the picturesque DrachenfelSj which commands a
fine Tiew of Schloss Dahn (see below) and the castellated rocks of this
district. "We descend on the E. side and ascend again to Busenlerg
(Zum Schlosschen), 3 M. from £rlenbach and 3^/4 M. from Dahn.
Hence we proceed, either yik Sehindhardt or into the (Y2 hr.) Lauttr-
Thai. Here we follow the Dahn road for about V4 M. and then
ascend by the second cross-road on the right to the Fiachwooger
Muhle and to (IY2 hr. from the Drachenfels) the ruins of Schloss
Dahn (1110 ft.), locally called the Erfweiler Schloaa. The steps and
passages are partly hewn in the solid rock. The top commands a
striking view of the imposing and grotesque sandstone rocks around.
— About 11/2 M. to the W. lies the picturesque little town of Dahn
(Pfalz Jrm , very fair), whence diligences ply four times daily to
(5M.) Hinterweidenthal-Kaltenbach (p. 300) and once daily to
Bergzabern and Weissenburg (p. 291).
Those who do not wish to visit the town of Dahn return from
Schloss Dahn to the highroad, and descend to the S. through the
Lauter-Thal to (3 M.) Bruchweiler. On the left is the grote8q.ue
cliff known as the Fladenatein. One mile beyond Bruchweiler the
Lauter-Thal is quitted by a road leading to the right to (1 M.)
Rumbach (Post, plain), and through the picturesque valley of that
name to (3^/4 M.) Schdnan (Loto€, very fair), a village on the Sauer,
with pleasant environs. — From Rumbach we follow the road to
Nothweiler and take a path (red marks) to the right at a finger-post,
which leads to the (IY2 ^'0 Wegelnburg. (Or we may reach the
Wegelnburg ftrom Schdnau in 1 hr.)
The *Wegelnbarg (1880 ft.), a hill crowned with the ruins of
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
302 BouU40, STBASSBORG.
a castle destroyed by the French in 1679, is the finest point in the
Vosges of the Palatinate. The Tiew embraces the whole of the Yosges
Mts. and extends to the Black Forest and the Odenwald. At the
top is a mountain-indicator.
The frontier of Alsace runs a few hundred paces to the S. of
the Wegelnburg. Just beyond it, about 3/^ M. from the Wegelnburg,
is the Hohenburg , built of skilfully-hewn square blocks of stone,
and commanding a view similar to that enjoyed from the Wegelnburg.
We return to the ridge and descending to the left by a finger-post
proceed by the FUckenstciner Hof to the (V2 hr.) Fleckenstein,
another rocky fastness affording a fine view of the Sauer-Thal, and
perhaps the most remarkable ruin in the whole district. Hence we
descend to the (20 min.) Sauer^Thal and to (3 M.) —
Lembach ( Wds««s Rossel, plain but good), the terminus of the
branch-line from Walbnrg (p. 292), and a good centre for excursions.
A path (red and white marks), diverging from the route between
Wegelnburg and Fleckenstein, leads via Klein-Wingeny Klimbach (Engel), and
the Scherhohl (p. 291) to (4Va h's ) Weisaenburg.
About 172 hr. to the S.W. of Schonau, in the woods, on the other
side of the hamlet of Wengtltbachy is the ancient castle of Wasigenatein,
mentioned in the old German Walthariualied. and one of the most in-
teresting ruins in the district; it is accessible also from SchSnau by a
red -marked path over the Wengelsbacher Jochhohe. We may descend
hence in V* hr. to Oher$teinbach CSensfelder ; FrickerJ, at the foot of the
ruined Klein- Amsberg ; a massive rock behind the village bears the ruins
of LUtzahardL A path leads to the 6. (to the left the mined Wineck)^
.vi& the hamlet of Windtttin, to (7 M.) JUgerthal (inn), with iron-works and
the imposing ruins of Mt-Windttein and Neu-Wi»d»tHm. From Jagerthal
to Niederbronn (p. 314), 3 M.
40. Strasaborg.
Arrival. The Central Railwip Station (PI. A, 2, 3; * Restaurant, D.
2-i «#)) & handsome building adorned with frescoes, is on the W. side
of the town. Omnibuses of the larger hotels (70 pf.) and cabs (see p. 303)
are in waiting. — Jfntdor/ Station outside the Mttxgerthor (to Kehl),
•ee p. 814.
Hotels. At the Central Station: HdxBL National, Bahnhofs- Plats 13,
with lift and electric light, R. from 2»//, B. IV4, D. at 1p.m. 8V2, at
6.45 p.m. 4 ulT; Termimiis Hotel, with Jift,bot-air heating, and caf^-restaurant,
R. 2I/S-5, B. 1, D.2Jlf HdTEL Pfriffbr. Bahnhofs-Platz 12, also with lift
and hot-air heating, R. 3Vs^« B.i. D. 3 Jt, with popular restaurant: 'Hotel
Christofh, Bahnhofs-Platz 15, with lift and hot air heating, R. 8-5, B. 1V4}
I>. 3, pens. 10-15 Jt; ELSisssR Hof; Victoria, Kdssgasse 7, R. 2-8, B. 1,
D. 2Vs J/y unpretending; Sghirmult, Kuhngasse, weU spoken of.
In the Town: *Villx db Paris (PL a; C, 8), in the Broglie, quite of
the first-class, but rather noisy, with lift and hot-air heating, R. 8-5, B. V/i,
D. (1 and 6 o'clock) 4 Jf; 'Hotel d'Anoletbrre (PI. bi B, 3), Pariser-
Staden 5, in a quiet and pleasant situation, with lift, R. 2-4, B. 1V4> D. 3,
pens. 6-8 uy ; 'Maisoh Rouob (PL c ; C, 8), Kleber-Plats, new, also first-class.
— HdTEL DJt l'Europb (PL d; C, 3), Blauwolkengasse 19, with garden, good
restaurant; H6tel db France (PL c; C, 3), Jung-St-Peters-Platz ; Vignette
<PL g; B, 8), Gerbergraben 88-40, R. l»/2-2»/j, B. «/4» D. 3 UT; Union (fre-
quented by Roman Catholics), BLellermann-Staden 8 (PI. 0. 2), with lift,
restaurant, and hot-air heating, R. 2-5, B. 1, D. 3, omn. '/« Jfi ^>tadt Basel
(PL 1; D, 4), MetBger- Plats; Krone, Kronenburger - Str. , R. 2-3, B. 1,
D. 2^/tJt; SoHXOTZ, Ztiricher-Str. 8, fair, B.. iy f 2^ ft Jf ; £vanoeli8cbes
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Ptaetioal Notes.
STRASSBUBG.
40, Route, 303
Vebeinshaus, Finkmatt-8tr. (PL C, 2), B. 1V2-4 Jl. — J*enHon InUmaHonak^
IJiiiversitats-Str. 26, well spoken of (5-8 Jf)\ Pension Bother^ Schiffleut-
gasse 26 (6 Jf).
Oafes (also restaurants): Broglie^ * Wiener Cafi^ both in the Broglie;
Steindft Wiener Cafi^ Schlossergasse 31.
Keataurants. * Valentin^ Alter Weinmarkt 50, first-class, B.bJt; Sti/U-
keller^ Mtinster-Platz (p. 810); DoUmaeUeh, l^enkirchgasse 8; HoUtmann^
Braderhofga88e29; Schrempp. Fasanengasse A; Kempf^ Kinderspielgasse 46 ;
C^fi'Bettcmrant SCahl, Alter Kornmarkt 20, d^j. 2, D. 21/2-5 UT. — Beer.
Strassburg beer (renowned since 1446): Taveme Orubei^ Alter Kornmarkt i
Schneider^ Lange-Str. 79. Munich beer: *&0rmanta, Universitats-Plats, D. from
IV2 •^ • BrtUwurttgl^ekle^ Rleber-Plats ; LOwenbr&t^ Laternengasse ; MUnchener
Kindly Brandgasse 12; *Luxhof^ Luxhofgajise 1, near the Broglie; Stadt
Mtinehm^ Etifergasse 23; PschorrbrdUy Alter Weinmarkt; Krokodil^ Schlauch-
gasse. — Beer Gardens. Orangerie^ see p. 314; BdckeMesel, outside the W.
entrance of the Orangerie ; Tivoli^ outside the Schiltigheim Gate, beyond the
^Gontades' (PI. E, 1) ; Rheinlutt^ see p. 314.
Oab Tariff.
During the
day.
1-2 pers.
— 75
1. 20
3-4 pers.
1. -
1. 20
2. —
-40
h4 pe
1. 40
1. 20
1. 45
2. 40
— 50
In the evening
(after the street-
lamps are lit).
1-2 pers.
Jf pf.
1. —
1. 80
34 pers,
Jl pf.
1. 5o
2. 10
1. 60
1. 60
2. 60
-50
1. 90
1. 90
2. 90
-60
Per Drive:
Drive within the town, to Tivoli, the
Citadel, and the Keustadt Station
To the Orangerie from the station .
To the Orangerie frpm other parts
of the town
Bp Time:
Per V« br
n 1 hr
For each Vi br. additional ....
Trunk, 20 pf. — Between midnight and 6 a.m. the fares are higher.
Taxameter Oaba. Within the town: 1-2 pers. per 1000 metres 50 pf.,
each 500 m. more 10 pf. ; 3-5 pers per 750 m. 5(f pf , each 375 m. more 10 pf.
Outside the circumvallation : 1-5 pers. 5(J pf. per 750 m., 10 pf. for each
375 m. more. From 10 p.m. till 6 a.m. 60 pf. per 500 m., 10 pf. for each
250 m. more. — Waiting 10 pf. per 4 min., IV2 -» per hr. — Luggage, 25 pf.
per 55 lbs. (25 kg.).
Electric Tramways. Within the town 10 pf., to the Orangerie 15 pf., etc.
From the Cental Station (PI. A, 2, 3) in various directions through the town
and to the suburbs. Other important starting-points are the Kleher-Platx
(PI. C, S) and the Mettger - Plate (PI. D, 1); comp. the indications on the
Plan. — The outer subarbs are served by Steam Tramtoaps.
Baths. Rosenbadj Sand-Platz (PI. D, 4), with vapour baths. River BaUit
at the Kehl Bridge, on both banks, and also on the Eleine Bhein ; steam-
tramway from the Central Station to the Metzger-Platz and Eehl.
Theatre (PI. D, 3; p. 812), from 16th Sept. to 15th May: Edengartm^
at the Terminus Hotel (p. 802). — Music in the Broglie or in the Contades,
on Tues. and Frid., from 6 to 6, or 6 to 7 p.m., according to the season; at
the Orangerie (p. 314) on Tues. & Sat. evenings and Wed. & Thurs. after
noons in summer (25 pf.); at the Rheinlust on Thurs., Sun., and holidays*
Post & Tele^aph Ofdce (PI. £, 3) Hohenlohe-Str., near the Kaiser-
Platz.
P4t6s de foie gras (invented by the cook of Marshal Contades, Governor
of Alsace in 1762-88). L. Benry (5), E. Doyen ^ Feyel (27), Munstergasse ;
A. Henry ^ Kfiss-Str. ; Hummel^ Lange-Str. 103; A. Michel^ Eramergasse;
Ed. Artzner, Schlossergasse 18. The geese- livers occasionally weigh
2-3 lbs. each.
principal Attractions (one day) : Minster (p. 306 ; ascend tower); Church
of St. Thomas (p. 312); Collections in the Episcopal Palace (p. 310); Mon-
uments of Kleber (p. 305) and Gutenberg (p. a06), and the -Broglie (p. 312) j
Imperial Palace (p. 812); University (p. 813); Orangerie (p. 314).
English Church Service at the Ober-Eealschule, Manteuflfel-Str.
Digitized by
Google
304 Route dO* STRASSBUBO. Bistory,
Strassbnrg (470 ft), the capital of Alsace andOerman Lorraine,
the seat of the goyeriior and administration of that piotince, the
headquarters of the 15th Corps of the German army, the seat of a
uniyersity (p. 313), and the see of a Roman Catholic hishop, with
160,000 inhab. (in 1871, 78,130) including its garrison of 16,000
men, is situated on the lU, 2 M. from the Rhine, with which it
is connected by canals. As a medium of communication between
Germany, France , and Switzerland , Strassburg has long enjoyed
extensive commercial relations. Recently it has alio become a
manufacturing place of some importance, with tobacco factories,
breweries, engine-works, foundries, and tanneries.
Argentoratum, the oldest name of Straasborg, denotes a Celtic settle-
ment, which prohably owed its origin to the intersection here of the road
from Gaul to Upper Germany with that along the Rhine valley. The
Romans established a castnim at this point (in 9 A. D. ?), which served, along
with Hayence, as the headquarters of the legions on the Upper Rhine.
•The Emp. Julian gained a brilliant victory here over the Alemanni in 857.
— The name 8traH$bmrgum appears towa^rds the end of the 6th cent., to
which period the foundation of the bishopric is also ascribed. As an
episcopal city, Strassburg attained great prosperity through its shipping and
trade in wine. The inhabitants (30,000 in number) overthrew the bishop
and acquired independence at the bettle of Oberhausbergen in 1262. Their
skill in the arts of war enabled them to maintain their position, and in
1446 they successfully defended their city against 50,000 Armagnacs who
invaded Alsace under the Dauphin of France. The Reformation gained
a footing at Strassburg in 1620, and for a century and a half thereafter
the minster was almost uninterruptedly used for the Protestant service.
On dOth Sept., 1681, in a time of peace, Louis ZIV., who had already
conquered the rest of Alsace during the Thirty Years' War, seized the city
of Strassburg. and France was confirmed in its possession by the Peace of
Ryswyck in 1687. By the Peace of Frankfort, 10th May, 1871, the city was
restored to the Empire of Germany.
The TJniveraity, founded in IduT, was closed at the time of the French
Revolution , but was re-opened in 1872. Many distinguished men have
been educated here , and Goethe, after a prolonged course of study in the
society of Herder, Stilling, and other talented fellow-students, graduated
here as a doctor of laws in 1771. In 1794 the National Convention sup-
pressed the university as being a stronghold of the GermAn element in
Alsace, and in 1803 it was converted into a French academy, which in
its turn was closed in 1870.
Strassburg has always been regarded as a place of the utmost strate>
gical importance, and in a letter of Emp. Maximilian I. it is termed the
bulwark of the Holy Roman Empire , and commended for its old-German
honesty and bravery. Strassburg artillery was famous in the middle
ages. The Fortifications were much strengthened by the French, who
constituted Strassburg their third great arsenal. The siege of 1870 began
Dn 13th Aug., the bombardment on I8th Aug. ; and after a determined
and gallant resistance the town capitulated on 27th September. The
atadel^ erected by Vauban in 1682-84, was converted into a heap of ruins,
while the Steinthor on the V. and the Weiitthurmthor on the W. were
almost entirely destroyed. The quarters of the town adjoining these gates
suffered terribly, but no trace of the havoc now remains. The German
fortifications consist of an extensive girdle of fifteen strong outworks,
some of them 4-6 M. from the town (comp. pp. 293, 320j, and of an inner
rampart, enclosing a space more than twice the area of the former town.
The political vicis^tndes of the city find their external counterpart in
its Arehiieotural Oharaeter. Its prosperity as a free imperial city is illus-
trated by iheg noble Minster and other old churches and by a few public
buildings (pp. 306 , 310) and private dwellings in the Renaissance style,
statue of Kleher. STRASSBURG. 40. RouU, 30b
chiefly in the side-strevts near the cathedral (pp. 310, 311). A considerable
layer of structures in the Louis XV. style was deposited by the 18th cent.,
when the noblesse of both banks of the lihine were attracted by the brilliant
court of the French CardiDal-Bishop (p. 310). The plans were furnished
by Rob. de Cotte, Blondei, Finot^ and other Parisians, but the execution was
entrusted to local architects. A third important building era set in with
the recent expansion of the city under German rule. The monumental
edifices, such as the University, the Emperor's Palace, and the new churches,
are accompanied by a growing number of new private residences, chiefly
in the Benaissance style. — The numerous storks are an unfailing source
of interest to British and American visitors.
From the Railway Station (PI. A, 2, 3) we follow the Kuhn-
gasse (electric tramway) to the canalized 111. In the Kleber-Staden,
to the left, are the Synagogue, a Romanesque buUding by Levy
(1898), and the old railway station, now a Market (PI. B, 21 in the
left wing of which is an Industrial Exhibition (open 10-12 & 2-6,
on Sun, 10-12,30).
Crossing the Kronenhurg Bridge, we reach the Altb Wbinmabkt
(PI. B, 3), which contains a Monumental Fountain , with reliefs of
the Alsatian poets, Ekrenfried, August, and Adolf Stoher (d. 1835,
1884, & 1892). — A little to the S.W. Is OU St. Peter's Church
(PI. B, 3), a building of the 14-15th cent., with four large reliefs
in wood (right and left of the entrance) by Veit Wagenei (1601).
The Wedimabkt-Strasse, the Hohe Steo, its E. prolongation,
and the Mbisengasse, ending at the Broglie (p. 312), form one of
the ehief arteries of traffic. — At the beginning of the Hohe Steg,
to the right, is the small EUern- Manns- Platz (PL 0, 3), deriving
its name from the ^iron man', an ancient cognizance of Strassburg
to be seen on a house here. — We pass the KUine Mettig, recently
rebuilt in the German Renaissance style, to the Klbbbb-Platz
(PI. 0, 3), which is adorned with a bronze Statue of Kleber, by Orass^
erected in 1840. The Inscriptions give a brief account of the career
of the general, who was a natiye of Strassburg (b. 1763, murdered at
Cairo in 1800). — The so-called Aubette, on the N. side of the
Platz, was totally destroyed by the bombardment of 1870, but has
been tastefully restored, the former fa^de haying been retained.
It was originally used in part for military purposes, and its name is
said to refer to the reyeille or morning-call. The groundfloor now
contains Ouard Booms and some shops. The upper floor is devoted
to the Conservatorium of Music, and includes a fine concert-hall. —
A little to the £. is the Tmiple Neuf, or Neue Kirehe (PI. C, 3), a
Dominican church of the 13th cent., entirely burned down during
the siege of 1870, but rebuilt in an imposing Romanesque style. It
contains a fine organ, and the tombstone of the mystic Johann Tauler
ri290-1361). Adjoining the church is the Protestant Qymnasium
(Pl. 38), an institution of which the Strassbnrgers have been justly
proud for more than two centuries.
From the Kleber-Platz the Gbwbbbslaubbn, a busy street with
arcades under the houses on the E. side, leads to the S. to the
Baedbkek's Rhine. 15th Edit. 20*^^8^^
306 Route 40. STRASSBURG. Minster.
Gutbnbebg-Platz (PI. 0, 3, 4), so called from the Statue of Cfuten-
hergy the inventor of printing, by David d'Angers (1840). The four
bas-reliefs are emblematical of the blessings of the invention in
the four quarters of the globe, and comprise likenesses of many
celebrated men. The first Strassburg printer was Johann Mentd or
Mentelinf who flourished about 1458-78, and was perhaps either a
pupil or assistant of Gutenberg (comp. p. 163). — The Gutenberg-
Platz is bounded on the S. by the H6tel du Commerce (PI. 3 ; G, 4),
formerly the town-hall, built in the Renaissance style in 1682-85,
and extended towards the S. in 1867.
From the Gutenberg-Platz the Efamergasse leads to the £. to-
wards the Minster, the W. facade of which, in red sandstone from
the Vosges, produces a brilliant effect in the light of a clear afternoon.
The *MiiL8ter (PI. D, 3; Monasterium Sanctae Mariae Virginif)
is the cathedral of the see of Strassburg, said to have been founded
about 600 and dedicated from the very first to the Holy Virgin.
The earliest building of arohitectural importance was begun In 1015
by BUhop Wemher von Hapsburg (1001-27) and continued by Bishop
WiUiam /. (1028-47). The date of its completion is not known.
Repeated fires gave occasion for the erection of a new church, which
was begun in 1176 under Bishop Conrad /., mainly on the existing
foundations, but after a design calculated to make It one of the most
considerable Romanesque edifices in Germany. While the apse and
the transept were slowly progressing, Gothic architecture had be-
come established in France, and of course exercised an influence on
all buildings in course of consteuction. This Influence Is apparent in
the articulation of the S. transept, in the tracery of its round and
pointed windows, and in its elaborate portal. The architecture of
the nave, begun about 1250 (nearly the same time as the choir of
Cologne Cathedral) and finished in 1275, is almost exclusively
Gothic, t The name of the architect is unknown. We can gather,
however, from analogies of style that he had been a diligent student
of French architecture (such as that of the church of St. Denis,
finished in 1231). He was, however, by no means a mere servile
copyist, but a thoughtful and original master, who pre-eminently
surpassed his contemporaries in his keen sense of symmetry. His
work may be characterized as the first important manifestation of
the Gothic style on German soiL In 1277 the citizens, justly proud
of their recently acquired independence (p. 304), took in hand the
construction of the W. facade. It is in connection with the latter
that we encounter the name of Erwin von Steinbaeh for the first
time. Of the origin and training of this master we know nothing,
and even the accuracy of his surname is questioned. That he was
a stranger may be inferred^from the discrepancy of the style of his
work from that previously exhibited in the minster. Among the ex-
t In the accompanying plan the Romanesque parts of the building are
shown in black, the Gothic shaded. ^ j
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
MiniUr. STRASSBURG. 40. RouU. 307
taut designs ascribed (with more or less certainty) to liim is one
(p. 311) which accords with the execution up to the top of the gable
of the side-portals. The constmction of the facade was long inter-
rupted by a flre which seriously injured the nave in 1298 and diverted
all the available means to its renovation. Erwin died in 1318. The
office of cathedral-architect long remained in his family, the last
i^ld*UL>
scion of which is supposed to be Master OerUichf who completed the
third stage of the towers in 1366. Thereafter the idea of carrying
through Erwln's designs for the facade seems to have been given
up, while an important innovation, the construction of the platform
between the towers, was resolved on. In 1399 Ukich von Ensingen
of Swabia, who showed astonishing command of the constructive
possibilities, began the erection of the octagonal story of the tower,
with its lofty windows and bold com er-t arrets. To him also is due
20* -
308 RouUdO. STRASSBURG. Minster.
the heightening of the octagonal tower by another low story (1419),
which completed the suhstruction for the spire. The identity of the
^Junker von Ptag\ who are also credited with work on the tower,
is ancertain. Equal technical ability is shown by the open-work
spire, constructed by Johannes HiUtz of Cologne (1420-39).
The work of the following centuries was confined to renovation and .
small additions. Great damage was caused by a conflagration in 1769, by
the fanaticism of the French Republicans in 1793, and by the German bom-
bardment in 1B70. All traces of the insjury which the cathedral sustained
during the siege have now been removed under the superintendence of the
architect Klotz, The roof has been covered with copper, and a Roman-
esque dome was built over the crossing in 1878-79. From 1890 to 1895 the
minster-architect was Fv. ScJtmitz, who completed Cologne Cathedral.
The *-Papadc, by Erwin of Steinbach, Is justly the most admired
part of the edifice , and presents a singularly happy union of the
style of N. France (interrupting galleries , horizontal members , and
fine rose -window, 42 ft. in diameter) with the perpendicular
tendency peculiar to German cathedrals. The walls are covered with
delicate tracery, and the entire building is embellished with numer-
ous sculptures (many of them restored in the 19th cent.).
The niches of the gallery of the first story contain equestrian figures
of Glovit (founder of the first minster), Dagobert (founder of the bishopric),
Rudolf of Eaptlyurg (who invested the town with many privileges^hese Ihree
erected in 1291, but since renewed), and Louit XIV. (erected in 1823). In the
niches of the second and third stories are statues of 20 other emperors and
kings. — Over the rose-window are the Virgin, and Apottles, with the Saviour
above them.
The sculptures of the three portals illustrate the Christian doctrine of
the Fall and Redemption. On the Left Side Portal are scenes from the early
life of Christ and figures of the Cardinal Virtues and the Seven Works of
Mercy. On iheMain Portal are reliefs from the Passion and statues of prophets,
with the Virgin and King Solomon, as the representative of the highest earthly
wisdom. (The middle, beardless prophet to the left, in medieeval dress, is
said by tradition to be a portrait or Erwin of Steinbach.) On the Right Side
Portal is a relief of the Last Judgment, with figures of the Foolish Vii^ns and
the Tempter to the left, and of the Wise Virgins and a prophet to the right.
The late-Romanesque 8, Portal also merits examination. The
sculptures with which it Is adorned date from about 1250. Of the
reliefs over the doors the Coronation of the Ylrgin has been restored,
while the Death of Mary remains almost in its original condition.
King Solomon between the doors is modern. The beautiful female
figures on the right and left are medisval symbols of Christianity
and Judaism. The statues of Erwin and Sabina (the more or less
apocryphal daughter of Erwin) were erected in 1840.
On the N. side is the late-Gothic Chapel of St, Lawrence^ with
coarsely realistic sculptures from the martyrdom of the saint (re-
stored), built in front of the Romanesque facade of the N. transept in
1495-1505. On the pillars to the left is the Adoration of the Magi;
to the right are statues of St. Lawrence, Pope Sixtus IV., and others.
The •INTBBIOB (open 8-9, 10-12, and 2-6; best light about mid-
day), consisting of a nave, 14 yds. wide and 99 ft. high, and aisles,
with transept and a somewhat shallow choir, is 121 yds. in length and
45 yds. in width. It differs from that of other German cathedrals in
MinsUr. STRASSBURG. 40, BouU. 309
possessing greater width in proportion to its height, and surpasses
them in harmonions effect. The noble window-tracery and the open
triforinm are direct reminiscences of St. Denis. The subdued light
enters through admirable stained-^glass windows of the 14-1 5th cent.,
the subjects of which include apostles, saints, bishops, German sov
ereigns, and scenes from the lives of Christ and the Yirgin. The
middle window of the choir is modern. The fresco of the Last Judg-
ment on the triumphal arch is by Steinheil (1875). In the nave is
the Pulpit, richly sculptured in stone, and executed in 1485-87 for
John Oeiler of Kayaersherg (d. 1610; p. 341). The Font in the N.
transept dates from 1453. — The Chapel of 8t, Catharinej at the E.
end of the S. aisle, was added in 1349 and revaulted in 1647. —
Opposite, at the E. end of the N. aisle is the Chapel of 8t, Martin ,
of 1516-20. — The Apse was frescoed by E. Steinle (p. 229) in
1877-80. — The Chapel of 81. John (13th cent.), to which a few
steps descend to the left of the choir, contains the Momtmtnt of
Bishop Conrad of Lichtenherg (d. 1299), executed inErwin*s work-
shop, in a court beyond which is the Tombstone of Erwin, his wife,
and one of his grandchildren. — The Romanesque Chapel of St.
Andrew, to the right of the choir, was ^nished before 1190, but its
upper part was altered at a later period. — The ^Erwinapfeiler\ a
pillar in the S. transept, is adorned with late-Romanesque sculp-
tures (ca. 1260), representing eight angels and the four Evangelists.
The large astronomical Olock in the S. transept was constructed in
1838-42 by ^eAt«'{^«^, a clock-maker of Strassburg. It replaces a similar clock
by Dasypodius^ constrticted in 1574, which was in use down to 1789, and
which in its turn formed a substitute for a still older clock, made in
1352-64. Only a few parts of the interior and some of the decorative
paintings of the old clock were used in making the present one. The
exterior attracts spectators at all times, especially at noon (12.29 p.m. of
Central Europe time). On the first gallery an angel strikes the quarters
on a bell in his hand^ while a genius at his side reverses his sand-
glass every hour. Higher up. around a skeleton which strikes the hours,
are grouped figures representing boyhood , youth , manhood , and old age
(the four quarters of the hour). Under the first gallery the symbolic deity of
each day steps out of a niche , Apollo on Sunday , Diana on Monday , and
so on. In the highest niche, at noon, the Twelve Apostles move round a
figure of the Saviour. On the highest pinnacle of the side-tower, which con-
tains the weights, is perched a cock which flaps its wings, stretches its neck,
and crows, awakening the echoes of the remotest nooks of the cattiedral.
The mechanism also sets in motion a complete planetarium, behind which
is a perpetual calendar. — The most wonderful feature of this piece of
mechanism is that it is calculated to regulate itself and adapt its motions
to the revolution of the seasons for an almost unlimited number of years.
At the end of the nave Is the entrance to the Crypt (fee), the E.
part of which dates from early in the 11th century.
The *MiNSTBB TowBB (p. 307) rises from the W. facade to a vast
and dizzy height. The entrance is on the S. side of the unfinished
tower; ticket to the platform 15 pf., up to the turrets 40 pf., to the
top of the spire (steady head necessary) 2 UJ?. The visitor ascends
a tolerable staircase of 336 steps to the Platform^ 216 ft. above the
street, which affords a fine *Vibw of the town and the plain of the
310 Route 40. STKASSBURG. Episcopal Palace,
Rhine. To the £. is seen the Black Forest from Baden to the
Blauen j W. and N. the Vosges Mountains ; S. the isolated Kaiser-
stuhl (p. 377), rising from the plain ; beyond it, in the extreme
distance, the Jura range. A good panorama is sold by the attendants.
Innumerable names are engraved on the parapet of the platform and
on the tower itself. Among them are those of Ooeihe, Herder, and
Lavctterj on a stone to the right of the small £. door of the tower
leading to the gallery. Voltaire* a is also to be found in the neigh-
bourhood, among many others.
From the platform to the summit of the tower is a height of 249 ft. ;
the entire height is therefore 466 ft. (one of the highest buildings in Europe ;
Eiffel Tower at Paris 986 ft.,' Hole Antonelliana at Turin 687 ft., Ulm Cath-
edral 628ft., Cologne Cathedral 612 ft., Rouen Cathedral 486 ft., the Church
of St. Glaus ..t Beval 476 ft., the Kicolai-Eirche at Hamburg 471 ft., St.
Martin's at Landshut in Germany 462 ft. , St. Stephen's at Vienna 446 ft.,
St. Peter's at Rome 436 ft., St. Paul's at London 404 ft.). The spire having
been injured by lightning in 1833, it is now surrounded with a network
of conductors. The unfinished turrets at the comers, which seem to cling
precariously to the principal structure, contain winding staircases, leading
to the ^LanUrn'y an open space immediately below the extreme summit.
The massive cross on the top was bent by a projectile during the siege of
1870, hut has been restored.
The Miinster-Platz, in front of the W. facade of the cathedral,
contains several ancient examples of half-timbered architecture,
the finest of which is the KammenelVscke or Braun^sche Haus
(15-1 6th cent.), recently well restored and fitted up as a wine-
saloon (Stiftskeller, see p. 303).
In the Sohloss-Platz (PI. D, 3, 4), which lies on the S. side of
the Minster, are situated the Lyceum, or grammar-school, and the
Roman Catholic Seminary.
The old Episcopal Palace (PI. D, 4), opposite the S. portal of
the Minster, was built by Cardinal Armand Gaston de Rohan in
1728-41, and between that date and 1789 it was the seat of the
brilliant court of three other bishops of the Rohan family. It was
purchased by the town during the First Revolution, and from 1871
to 1896 was employed as a library and for university purposes. In
1898 it was fitted up for the ♦Municipal Museum op Aet. The
decoration of the 18th cent, rooms is noteworthy..
CoUBT. To the right is the Collection of AUaHan Antiquities (open free
on Sun. 10-12.30, and Wed. 11-12.80).
First Floob, with the Oolleotion of Fioturei, founded in 1889 and
already containing upwards of 600 works (open on week-days, except Hon.,
10-1 A 2-4, and -on Sun. 10-1*, adm. on Tues., Frid., and Sat. 50 pf., on other
days free). The older section contains a few excellent examples of the
Italian, German, and Netherlandish schools; the modem section is largely
devoted to Alsatian works. Catalogue 80 pf. ; with illustrations, 2 Uf 60 pf.
Room I. Modem Works. To the right, •499. /. H. Zuber, Flock of
sheep at Alt-Pfirt; *417. Corot, Pond at Ville d*Avray. Also specimens of
Firon, QiJbtrty Decamps^ Schuler, Brion, Liebermann, and Thurner.
Boom II. Older Schools. .To the right. 85. Van Dyek, Portrait; 124.
Rembrandt, Study of an old man's head; 324. A. Sacehi, General of the
Augustine Order; Rubene, 82. Christ, 81. St. Francis (studio-pieces); 825. 8alv,
Rosa, Heroic landscape; 361. Dom. Theotocopulo (Spanish), Madonna; 384.
P'fHs Bordone, Holy Family (injured); *JC3. Th. de Kepset\ Heads of the
Maisonde Noire Dame, STRASSBURG. 40, Route. 311
Amsterdam Silversmiths' Guild; 87. Jordam»j^ Boors carousing; 364, 363.
Zvrbaran, S&intst 352. Bibera^ SS. Peter and Paul.
ANTB-Boom III. Florentine reliefs of the Madonna, a terracotta bust
by At, Vittoria (No. 376), and other sculptures. Fire view of the Minster. —
Room IV (to left). Examples of H. Baldung Orien, ZeiWomf TTite, and other
early-Oerman masters (16-1 6th cent.).
Boom V. Italian Masters (15-16th cent.). To the left, 276. Cariani,
Lute- player; *2i9. Oima da Conegliano^ St. Sebastian; 221. Roceo Afareoni^
Madonna; 2sl. L, Ba9$ano^ Annunciation to the Shepherds; 267. (7. F, Penni^
Young Boman woman; 223. B. MonUigna^ Adoration of the Holy Child;
342a. Tiepolo, Cariti; 271. School of Pdi ma VeceMo, Head of Christ. —
Farther on, straight in front of the staircase, we enter —
Cabinet X. To the right: Cranach the Elder^ 12. Fall, 21. Cmcifixicn.
B. Sttigel^ 10. Maximilian I., 11. Death of the Virgin ; H, Balduvg Cfrien,
14. Young man, 16. Madonna in an arbour, 15 (to tbe left), Portrait; 25.
Altdor/er (?), Architect; 362. ComeilU de Lfon^ Portrait of a nobleman.
Cabinet XI. To the left: 53. Imitator of Gerard David of Bruges^
Madonna with tbe spoon; *51. H. Memlinffy Six panels from a travelHng
altar. — 66. UnJtnovn Dutch Matter (16th cent.), Portrait. — C2. Master of
the FemdU ffalf-lengtht^ Triptych.
Cabimbt XII. 91. StfJe of QonzaUe Coquet^ Astronomer and his wife.
— 126. Q. MettUy Dives and Lazarus. — 121, 122. /. van Ravetteyn^ Por-
traits; 166. J. de Heemy StiU-life.
Cabinet XIII. 167. A. van de VeldOy Ferry. — 127. £t. Bovrese, Peeling
apples; 136. S. vanRvptdaely Biver-pcene. — 12S. P, de Booghe^ The walk;
137. J. van RvftdaeL Hill-stream.
Cabinet XIV. 127B. Cariani. Portrait; 90. Tenters the Younger, Card-
S layers; 168. 0. PomboutB, Dutch canal; 138. J. ran der Meer, Sand-dunes;
68. Watteauy Cleaning the dishes.
Cabinet XV. Florentine reMefs of t^e Madonna; Heads of Apostles,
old copies from Leonardo's Last Supper.
Cabinet XVI. 216. Piero di CceimOy Legend cf Prometheus; 270.
CorreggiOy Judith. — 212. Florentine School (ca. 1440), Tbe Magi; 202.
Florentine School (ca. 1360), Apostles' heads; 213. Fr, Bottidniy Adoratit n
of the Child. — 264. Sodoma, Holy Family; 217. C. Orivelliy Adoration of
tbe Child; 214. Fit. Lippi, Ansel's bead; 216. Lor. di Crediy Madonna.
We return through Cab. XV. and Cobsidob XVII (views of Strasf burg ;
.ceulptures by Bartholdi^ Mcrtolffy and others) to the staircase, and proceed
straight on to Booms VTl & VIII, whith conta'n modern paintings.
The Maifon do Kotro Dame, or Ftauenhaus (PI. 2, D 4; adm.
daUy, 9-12 & 3-6, 20pf.), Schloss-Platz 3, built In tbe 14-16thcent.,
contains an ancient plan of the cathedral, the model of the spire,
seyeral Gothic sculptures transferred from the cathedral, designs for
the tower and facade (comp. p. 307), and remains of the old clock.
The graceful winding staircase, in the latest GK)thic style, merits
attention.
Via the FetkeUMatht {^\, D, 4; No. 1, at the comer, a pic-
turesque house of 1477 and 1602), we reach the Altb Ftscamabkt
(PI. 0, 4), which connects the Gutenberg-Platz (p. 306) with tbe
Raben-Briicke. The house where Goethe lived when a student at
Strassburg (1770-71 ; No. 36) is indicated by a bronze portrait-bust
of the poet, in relief
At the end of the Alte Fischmarkt, near the Raben* Briicke, is
the Orouo Metrfg (PI. 6; D, 4), built in 1688, the groundfloor of
which is used as a market, while the first floor contains the interest-
ing Hohenlohe Mweum, open daily, Mon. excepted, 10-12 and
312 BouU 40. STRASSBURG. Imperial Palace.
2-4 (Sun. 10-1). Among its contents is a room in the rococo style
from the Ch&teau of Linderhof, onoe belonging to King Lewis n.
of Bavaria. — No. 1 in the Kaufhausgasse, which runs hence to
the W., is a Renaissance structure of 1586.
The Protestant Chnroh of St. Thomas (PI. 0, 4) consists, like
the Minster, of a Romanesque and a Gothic part. The former, to the
W., dates from about 1200-1240. The latter, consisUng of a short
nave with double aisles, was erected in the 14th centnry. Open daily ;
tickets, 40 pf . each , obtained from the sacristan , Thomas-Platz 5
(free on Wed., 10-12).
The choir contains a magnificent *MotMment in marble^ erected by
Louis XV. to MarsTtal Sax* (d. 17S0), son of Augnstua II., Elector of
Saxony (afterwards King of Poland), and the beautifolOonntess Aurora von
Kdnigsmark. It was executed by PigalU, who completed it in 1776 after
twenty years^ labour. The marshal is in the act of descending into the
tomb opened for his reception by Death, while a female figure representing
France strives to detain him, and Hercules at the side in mournfol attitude
leans upon his club; on the left, with broken flags beneath, are the
Austrian eagle, the Dutch lion, and the Bnglish leopard, symbolising
the three powers defeated by the marshal in the Flemish wars. The
whole is an allegory in the questionable taste of the age, but its execution
is of great delicacy and vigour. The stone sarcophagus of Bithcp Adeloch
(d.830), in a side-chapel to the K., dates from the 12th centnry. The two
mummies, in the same chapel, are of the 17th century.
To the S., reached by the Raben-Briicke (p. 311) or the Thomas-
Briicke, is the old City Hospital^ surrounded by various medical in-
stitutes connected with the university.
In the N.E. part of old Strassburg lies the Bbooue (PI. 0, D, 3),
a square named after the marshal of that name who laid it out in
1742, and much frequented as a promenade, especially in the
evening (band, see p. 803). At the £. end stands the Theatre,
burned down in 1870, but since restored in its former style. In
front of it is the Beinhardhrunneny by Hildebrand. On the S. are the
8tadthau8 (1730), the Military Headquarters (with a monument to
Lewis I. of Bavaria, bom here in 1786) , and the Residerhce of the
Governor of AUace, rebuilt in 1872-74 with retention, so far as
possible, of the old materials and appearance of 1730-36. At the
corner is a bronze statue of the prefect Marquis de IA%ay-Mam€sia
(1810-14), by Grass, erected in 1857.
The L^zay-Marn^sia-Staden leads hence along the canalized 111
to the Church of 8t. Stephen , dating from the 13th cent, but orig-
inally founded in the 8th century. The Caf£ xum Bitter ^ Stephans-
Plan No. 17, is a Renaissance building of 1598, with a painted
facade.
Beyond the 111 a handsome new quarter has been laid out on and
beyond the site of the old ramparts. In the Eaisbb-Platz (PL D, 2),
adjoining the river, stands the Imperial Palace, built in 1883-89 in
the Florentine Renaissance style from Eggert's designs. The building
(open daily 10-6, Sun. 11-6, in winter 11-4; adm. 25 pf. ; entr. on
the N. side), 240 ft. in length by 184 ft. in depth, with a portico in
University. STRASSBURG. 40. Route. 313
front and a half-round borne by columns at its back, is richly decorated
with sculptures by Berlin and Frankfort artists. The dome above the
audience hall is crowned by two colossal heralds and rises to a height
of 115 ft. The palace is roofed with tiles after Olympian patterns. The
imperial rooms, on the first floor, are decorated with paintings by
Kneuffel and Baum of Frankfort. The staircase, the audience room
(under the dome), and the three reception rooms on the W. side are
all very handsome. — To the right, opposite the palace and separated
from each other by the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Str. (see below), are the
Hall of tlie Provincial Diet and the University Library, both in
the Renaissance style and built between 1888 and 1894. The latter
contains the Provincial and University Library (over 800, 000 vols.),
founded in 1871 to replace that destroyed in the siege (open to
visitors on week-days 2-3, Sun. 9-12 & 2-4). In the hall is a marble
statue of Emperor William I., by Zumbusch.
On the N. side of the Kaiser-Platz, between the two Ministerial
Offices (one of which is still unfinished), is the Kaiser-Friedrich-Str.,
leading to the Contades (PI. E, 1, 2), a park laid out by Marshal
Contades In 1764. — To the W. of the Imperial Palace Is the con-
spicuous dome of the Neue-Jung-St-Peter-Kirche or the Church of the
Sacred Heart (PI. 0, D, 2), erected in 1889-93. — To the S.E., in
the Hohenlohe-Str., is the imposing new Post Office (PI. E, 3 ; 1899).
The wide Kaiser- Wilhelm-Strasse leads from the Kaiser-Platz
to the S.E., crossing the 111 by the handsome Universitdts-Briicke
(PI. E, 3) and passing the Protestant Garrison Church (1892-97), to
the Univbbsitats-Platz (PI. E, 3), which is bounded on the E. by
the collegiate department of the University and on the S. by the
building of the Oermania Insurance Co. (restaurant, see p. 303).
The Collegiate Department (ColUgien-Oebdude ; PI. E, F, 3),
built in the early Italian Renaissance style in 1877-84, is adorned
with 36 statues of men of learning. About 1200 students attend the
lectures. The interior contains a handsome court, lighted from above,
richly decorated vestibules, staircases , and aula , and extensive
collections of casts and objects of antiquarian and artistic interest.
In the grounds behind the GoUegienhaus is a colossal bust of
Goethe ; and a statue of the same poet as a young man, modelled
by E. Wagener, is to be erected in front of it — Adjoining are the
Seismologieal Institute , the Chemical and Physical Institutes , the
Botaniccil InstitutCy with a large garden and hot-houses, the Qeological
and Mineralogieal Institute , the Zoological Institute (at present
containing the town collection of natural history), and the excellently
equipped Observatory,
To the N.E., in the Arnold- Platz, are the Roman Catholic Oar^
rison Church (PI. G, 3), by L. Becker, and, opposite, the Technical
School — In the W. part of the Schwarzwald-Str. are the District
Archives (PI. 1 : F, 3), in the E. is the large Commissariat Depart^
ment (PI. G, 4) and the Protestant Teachers' Seminary. qqqIp
o
314 Route 41. NIEDERBRONN.
The old part of the town to the S. of the University also con-
tains several military l)u11dings. Near the old Academy building
is the Mechanics' School of Art (PI. 5 ; E, 3), the ground in front of
which, with a monument, was formerly the botanical garden and
was nsed as a bnrial-place during the siege. At the "W. end of the
Wilhelmsgasse is the old Wilhelmer-Kirche (PI. 8; E, 4), with a
fine Oothic monument of the 14th cent, and good stained glass
(15-16th cent.). — The Zurich Fountain (PI. 9; D, 4) commem-
orates an old legend told in a ballad by Fischart. The Church of
St. Mary Magdalen has some old stained glass, and modem frescoes
by Feuerstein.
At the end of the villa-lined Ruprechtsauer AU^e (tramway,
see p. 303) lies the *Orangerie (PI. G, H, 1, 2), a beautiful park,
with a fine orangery (1806) , a klosque, once belonging to King
Lewis II. of Bavaria, a bust of the composer Victor Ne8$ler(oi Strass-
burg; 1841-90), a restaurant (p. 303) with a large concert-room,
and the *Al8atlan Peasant House* (wine).
From Strassbdro to Eehl (p. 375) is also a pleasant walk (3 M. ; comp.
PI. H, 5; tramway, see p. 303; railway, p. 375). The road leads over the
Sporen-Insel^ formed hy the temporary divergence of the ^Little Rhine' from
the main stream, to Kehl. The large newharbonr-works here, with maga-
zines of coal and petroleum, indicate the growing importance of the navi-
gation of the Upper Rhine. Beyond the bridge over the ^Little Rhine\
on the Sporen-Insel, to the right of the road, is a monnment erected by
Napoleon I. to General Desaix, who fell at Marengo in 1800. On the E.
side of the Sporen-Insel, adjoining the new iron bridge over the Rhine
(1897), is the favonrite open-air pleasnre-resort Rheinlutt, affording a fine
view of the Black Forest.
From Strassburo to Colhar (p. 321) viX Markolshbim, 47 M., steam-
tramway in 5 hrs. (fares 4 UV 90, 3 UlT 30 pf.). This line skirts the E. bank
of the Khine-Rhone Canal. The intermediate stations are unimportant.
41. From Stra4st8burg to Saarbrncken (Metz),
84 M. Railway in 4V«-5>A hrs. (fares 10 U», 7 U» 40, 4 U» 80; express
13 U» 50, 9 ur, 5 U» 80 pf.).
From Strasshurg to Hagenau, 2OV2 M., see pp. 293, 292. At
Hagenau the line diverges to the N.W. from that to Weissenburg,
passes (23 M.) Schweighausen (branch-line to Zabern, p. 315), and
traverses part of the forest of Hagenau (p. 292). 2772 M. Merz'-
weiler^ a busy little place with iron -works; 28 M. Mietesheim;
30 M. Oundershofen. — 31 1/2 M. Reichshofen Werk; 32 M. Reichs-
ho fen Stadt (Bellevue, at the station; Dowler, well spoken of;
excursion to the battlefield, see p. 292), situated on the road from
Worth to Bitsch, by which the remnants of MacMahon's army
retreated on the evening of 6th Aug., 1870. — The line enters the
mountains, and passes through several cuttings.
34 M. Niederbronn (660 ft.; *Matthi8, R. 2-3, pens. 5-7 Jf,-
H6t. Doersch; WeUsler; Villa Bellevue; Pens, Sorg , 33/4-4 Jf),
with 3000 inhab., in the pretty valley of the Falkensteiner Bach^ is
a popular summer -resort, with saline springs, whl(;h were known
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
BITSCH. 41, Route. 315
to the Romans and are specially beneficial for stomach and liver
complaints. Pleasant walks. jThe Wasenberg (1416 ft.), which rises
abruptly to the W. of the town, commanding a fine view, and easily
ascended in 8/^ hr., is crowned with the ruins of the Wasenhurg,
erected in the 14th century. Other excursions may be taken to
the view-tower on the Groase Winterherg (1900 ft.; IV4-IV2 Jir.l
and vi& the ruins of Alt-Windstein and Neu-Windstein to Philipps-
burg (4-4V2 hrs.). — Jdgerthal and the Wasigenstein^ see p. 302.
381/2 M« Philippshurg, About 3 M. from here, among the woods,
on a lofty rock, Is the ruined castle of Falkenstein (12th cent.), with
a fine view. — 42 M. Bannstein,
49 M. Bitsoh (1006 ft. ; H6tel de Meiz), a small town and fortress
with 3600 inhab., is situated on the N. slopes of the Vosges, and
commanded by Fori Bitschy the fortifications of which, partly
hewn in the rock, still command the valley. In the Francc-Qerman
war of 1870-71 Bitsch capitulated only after the preliminary articles
of the peace had been signed.
54 M. Lembergy with glass-works ; 6672 M. Enchenberg ; 59^2 M.
KUin-Redtfchingen ; 6IY2 M. Rohrbach; 66 M. Wolflingen,
73 M. Saargemfind , French Sarreguemines (660 ft. ; Central
Hotel) y a town with 14,900 inhab., at the confluence of the Blies
and 8aar, the latter of which here forms the boundary between Ger-
man Lorraine and Rhenish Prussia, possesses large manufactories of
plush, velvet, fayence, and earthenware.
From Saargemund to Saarhurg^ see p. 318} to ZweibrUcktn^ see p. 800.
At Saargemilnd the line divides : the branch to the N. runs by
HanweiUr (station for the small baths of Rilehingen)^ Klein-Blittera-
dorf^ and Brebach to (84 M.) Saarbrucken (p. 173^ ; that to the W. by
Hundlingen^ Farackweilery and Beningen to (128 M.) Met% (p. 174).
42. From Strassbnrg to Metz vi& Saaralben or
vi& Saarbnrg. The North Vosges Mts.
Railwat vii Baaralbeny 108 M., in 3'/« brs. (expre9s); vift Saarburg.
99 M., in 2V4-3 hrs. (express 5 fares 14 U» 60, 10 U» 30, 7 ui 80 pf.).
As far as Zabern the scenery is uninteresting. 6 M. Mundola-
heim. At (6 M.) Vendenheim the line to "Weissenburg diverges to
the right (p. 293). The train crosses the Zom and passes the large
lunatic asylum ot Stephanfeld. 11 M. Brumath.
W/2 M. Mommenheiniy the junction of the lines to Saaralben
(Saargemiind) and Saarburg, which diverge from each other here.
Railway to Bbnsdorp yia Saaralben. — 187a M. Aliecken-
dorf. — 24^2 M. Obermodemy the junction of the line to Schweig-
hausen and Hagenau (see p. 314).
From Obrruodbrn to Zabern, W/t H., railway in 1 br.
41/3 M. BochBweiler ( Sonne) y a small town with 31C0 inhab., in the
old 4fanancr Liindchen*, which belonged to Hcsflc-Darmstadt down to the
316 Route 42. ZA.BERN. From Stra^mburg
French revolution. The Rathhaus has a handsome portal. The Gymnasium,
established in 1612, stands on the site of the old chateau. Many of the houses
have Renaissance balconies. An admirable view is obtained from the
Bastberg (1266 ft.), a hill of curious geological formation, abounding in
coal; its fossils attracted the attention of Goethe (refuge-hut on the
summit). The Bastberg is the centre of numerous local traditions and vras
long believed to be a favourite trvsting-place of witches and sorcerers. —
From Buchsweiler branch-line via Ober-Sulzbaeh to (4V« M.) Ingweiler (see
below).
7 M. Neuweiler (Anifcer, Wolff., good red wine) possesses two interest-
ing churches : the Protestant 8t. Adelphi-Kirche^ a late-Romanesque edifice of
the 12th cent. , and the Roman Catholic Church of 88. Peter and Paul.,
Romanesque with later additions, restored in 1862 (fine crypt). Above the
town 0/i br.) rises the ruin of Herremtein^ commanding a pictureaque view
(rfmts.).
8 H. Dofsenheim (Railway Hotel) lies at the entrance of the Zinzel-
Thal.^ through which a pleasant excursion may be made to (3>/4 U.) Ober*
^/(Hathis), and Orauflhal (IVa M.), with curious rock-dwellings; the
valley contains quarries of white sandstone. Abou! iVa M. to the N. of
Oberhof is LUtzeUtein (Pflug, very fair), with a picturesque old castle.
Another picturesque walk from Dossenheim is the following (numerous
way-posts) : we ascend to the left at the beginning of the woods in the
Zinzel-Thal to the Taubensehlaff/els , above Emoleheim; then cross the
hill , vi§b the so-called Eeidenstadt and Langenthaler Kreuz., to the Michaels-
Gapelle^ above 8t. Johann (p. 318), and to Zabem.
91/2 M. Hattmatt; 12 M. Steinburg. — 14Vs Zabem (see below).
The line ascends the wide valley of the Moder. — 27 M. Meneh-
hoftn; 28 M. Ingweiler (H6tel des Vosges, very fair), connected by
a branch-line with Buchsweiler (see above); 3IV2M. Wimmenau
(1 hr. from Lichtenberg , at the foot of a fort destroyed in 1870) ;
34 M. Wingen. Fine woods. Long tunnel. 38 M. Puberg; 4O1/2 M.
Tiefenbach; 43 M. Adamsweiler. Near (451/2 M.) Diemeringen are
the remains of a Roman villa. 47V2 M. Domftssdy witii a fine
Gothic church of the 14th cent.; 4r8l/2 M. VoUerdingen ; 52 M.
Oermingen; 54^/2^. Kalhausen^ junction of the line to Saargemiind
and Saarbriicken; 57 M. Herbitzheim. — 59 M. Saaralben., the junc-
tion of the Bensdorf and Saargemiind line (p. 318). — 64 M. Ott-
weiUr; 70 M. Leiningen.
75 M. Ben$dorfj and thence to Metz, see p. 318.
From Mommbnhbih (p. 315) to BBNSDoitF via Saarbuko. —
171/2 M. Hochfeldtn; 2OY2 M. Wilwisheim; 22V2 M. DeitweiUr;
25 M. Steinburg (to Obermodern and Hagenau, see p. 315).
271/2 M. Zabem. — Hotels. Hotel dkb Vosqes, with beer-garden,
R. IVz-^Vzi R* V21 !>• ^ Jf; Hotel db la Gabb, at the station, with
restaurant and garden, very fair; Hotel Cbnteal, R. 1V«-2V«) R« 'Ai pens.
5V8-B Jf. — Earp/en, good wine.
Carriage to Hoh-Barr and back 6, with two horses 8 U(^, iocl. stay of
3 hrs.; to Pfalzburg 7 and 12 Ji; to Wangenburg 18 Uf} to Dagsburg and
Wangenburg 20 Jt.
Zabem (610 ft.), also called EUass- Zabem to distinguish it
from Rhein-Zabem and Berg-Zabern (p. 291), the French Saveme,
the Tres Tabemae of the Romans , and formerly the capital of the
Wasgau, is now a dull town with 8500 inhab., lying at the entrance
of the Zabemer Senke (p. 317), a narrow defile of the Vosges, watered
to Metz. SAARBURG. > 42. Route. 317
by the Zorn, and close to the "base of the beautifully-wooded lower
hills. On the latter appear the ruins of Greifenstein to the right
(W.), and to the left (S.W.) Hoh-Ban (p. 319). The Rhine-Mame
Canal also traverses the pass and intersects the town.
The conspicuous Schloss of the Bishops of Strassburg, erected in
its present form in 1779 by Cardinal de Rohan, from the designs
of Salins de Montfort , is now nsed as a barrack. The principal
facade is turned towards the garden. An Ohelisk in the planted
square in front of the Schloss, erected in 1666, records the distances
of 100 different towns from Zabern in German miles.
Ascending the Haupt-Strasse, we reach the Haupikirche^ chiefly
In the late-Gothic style of the latter half of the 15th century. The
pulpit dates from 1497. The decoration is modem. The court-
gateway, to the N. of the church, leads to a Museum, in which are
preserved Roman, Gallic, Celtic, and Frankish antiquities found in
the neighbourhood, including several roof-shaped tombstones with
Roman inscriptions from Eempel, Fallberg, and Dagsbnrg.
From Zabern to BchUUstadi^ see p. 332; to Obermodem^ see p. 315;
to the N. Vosgei^ see p. 318.
Near Zabern the railway enters the narrow and picturesque
valley of the Zorn, and intersects the Vosges range at its narrowest
point, the Zabemer Senke (p. 316), which separates the Central from
the Lower Yosges. The line runs parallel with the highroad, the
brook, and the Rhine-Mame Canal. Bridges, embankments, viaducts,
and tunnels follow each other in rapid succession. — From (30^/2 M.)
Stambach (A. Kling; E. Kling) a marked path leads through the
Bdrenbach'Thal to (3-3 V2 ^^rsO Dagsburg (p. 320). A prettier way,
but about 1 hr. longer, is that by the forester's house of Haberacker
(marked red and white to that point, and then red), comp. p. 319.
33 M. Lutzelburg, the first station in German Lorraine, is sep-
arated by the Zorn from a bold rock crowned with the ruins of the
LiUzelburger Schloss, a castle dating from the 11th cent., under
which rans a tunnel 267 yds. in length.
From LUtseWurff to l^altburg (p. 318), 3>/2 M., steam-tramway in V2 hr.
(fares 50, 35 pf.). — From LUitelhurg to JOagsburg, 3V« hrs., see p. 820.
The line soon quits the valley of the Zorn. A handsome bridge
spans the river with one of its arches, and with the other the Rhine-
Mame Canal, which here turns to the right side of the valley. The
railway then penetrates the last of the obstructing hills by means of
the Arzweiler Tunnel, 2945 yds. in length, above which is another
tunnel for the canal. — The hills now recede. Among the mountains
to the left the two Donon peaks are prominent. 41^2 ^- Ricding.
44 M. Saarbnrg (Edtel Abondance; Hdtel de Bade; Hotel-
Restaurant Bayersdorfer, at the station), on the Saar, a small and
ancient town, with 9100 inhab. and a strong garrison, enclosed by
walls and gates. It must not be confounded with Saarburg near
Treves (see p. 181). ^ ,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
318 Route 42. PFALZBURG. North Vosges Mts.
From Saabbubg to Saakgemumd, 33V2 M., railway in 1-2 hrs. (fares
4 Ulf 40 pf., 8 Uff lUK 90pf.)* — To BerthelmingBn^ where carriages are changed,
see below. 10 H. Finttingen; 13ys M. Wolftkirehen; 17Vs H. Baarteerdm;
IBVfl M. Saar-TTnion (Hdtel du Commeree)^ a place consisting of the two
small towns of Bockenkeim and Neu-Saartoerden. 24Vs M. Baaralben is the
junction of the line from Hommenheim to Bensdorf (see p. 816). Then
Willerwaldy Hanibach, Neutcheuern. — 33Y» M. SaarffemUndy see p. 815.
From Saabburo to ALBBBscHWBiLSBf 10 H., railway in 1 hr. — Stations :
Immlingm; 8 H. Ober?ummer (branch -line to Drdbrunn-Valletysthal, via
Heurn^ with interesting ruins of an old abbey- church) ^ LOrchingm^ Nitting^
Unter-Barville^ Wcupeneeder, — Albersohweiier (HdUl Oayei^ R. 2-4 UK, very
fair) is a good starting-point for excursions into the Dagsburg district
(p. 820) and the upper valley of the Saar.
Fboh Saabbdbq to Kakct, 49V2 H., railway in lV«-8 hrs. Stations :
// mingm, Rixingen or Richiamriy DeuUch-Avricouri (the Qerman frontier-
station and seat of the custom-house j connected by a branch with Bens-
dorf, see below), Jgrny-Avricourt (the French frontier-station), Embtrminilt
Marainviller^ LunMllet and Nancy (see Baedeier^t Northern France^.
At Saarburg the line to Metz begins, and follows the course of the
8aaT, — il^l2'ili*8aaralidorf; 52 M. Bcrt^imingren (see above). The
line now diverges to the left, intersecting a hilly and wooded country,
with several large ponds. Several unimportant stations. 58 M.
Lauterfingen ; 63 M. Nehing.
66 M. Bentdorfj the junction for the line from Mommenheim
via Saaralben (p. 316).
Bensdorf is connected by branch-lines with (24 M.) JDeuttek-Avrieourt
(see above) and with (22 H.) Moncel (for Kancy).
68 M. Rodatben-Bermeringeni 80 M. Baudreeourt, At(85M.)
RemiUy (p. 174) we join the line from Saarbriicken to (99 M.) Mett
(p. 174).
The North Yosgei Mountains.
Zabem is a good starting-point for excursions among these mountains.
— From Zabem to SL Johann and Dostenheiniy 6 H., returning by railway
or taking the train to Buchsweiler (p. 816). — From Zabem to lyetUburg^
Vft M., and by steam- tramway to LiUxelbvrg in '/i hr. (see p. 817). — From
Zabem to the top of the Ore^fenttein and back in 2-2Vs hrs. — From
Zabem vi& Hoh-Barr^ Brotsehberg^ Haberacker^ and Oehtenstein to Stammbach
(p. 317), 4 hrs \ via Hoh-Barr to BacTulntrg and Wangenburg, 7-V/t hrs.
About 2V2 M. to the N.E. of Zabem lies the village of St.
Johann, Fr. 8t, Jean-dcs-Choux^ formerly the seat of a Benedictine
Abbey, the Romanesque church of v^hich, re-consecrated in 1127,
but partly disfigured in the 18th cent., deserves notice. The 8t,
MicheU^ Capelle situated above it commands a fine view. Along the
ridge, past the Taubenschlag rock, to Dossenheim, see p. 316.
From Zabern to Pfalzburg, 6Y4 M. , the road ascends the
steep slopes of the Tfalzburger Steig'. Pedestrians turn to the
left and pass the Karhsprung, a precipitous rock, above which they
regain the road. — Pfklibnrg (1035 ft. ; 8tadt MeU; Rappen) is a
town of 3700 inhab., situated in an unattractive lofty plain, and
fortified down to 1872. It possesses a monument to Marshal Mouton,
ComteLobau, one of Napoleon's officers, who was born herein
1770 (d. 1838). ^ .
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
y Google
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North Vosgtt Mts, HOfl-BARR. 42, Route. 319
To the W, of Zabem, on the summit of a wooded hill, to the
right of the entrance of the narrower part of the valley of the
Zoni, rises the ruin of Greifenstein (1255 ft.}. In Zabern we follow
the Greifensteiner-Strasse, which diverges from the main street to
the N. of the canal (or we may go along the bank of the canal), and
after about ^/^ M. turn to the right at the finger-post. We then cross
the Zorn and the railway, and ascend through the wood to the left.
The path (indicated by finger-posts) leads hence to the summit in
about Y2 hour. The ruins consist of two separate parts, chiefly da-
ting from the 12th and 13th centuries, and command a pleasing view.
On the slope to the S.W. of the fortress, and about 1 Y4 M. distant,
is the natural Orotto of 8U Vitus (1280 ft.), formerly a chapel and
hermitage to which pilgrimages were made. We may return to
Zabern in ^/i ^m or we may continue along the crest as far as
(20 min.) the Rappenfeltf and descend thence to Stammbach (p. 317)
in 25 minutes.
On the S. side of the Zomthal rises the ruin of Hoh-Barr,
which also occupies a wooded eminence. Starting from the main
street of Zabern, on the S. side of the canal, and ascending a few
steps, we proceed along the canal and then follow the red marks to
the left until we reach (25 min.) the road and the edge of the wood,
through which a footpath leads in 20 min. to the luin (good inn).
The fortress was built in the 10-1 1th cent., enlarged at a later period,
and restored in 1583. The extensive ruins almost appear to grow
out of the fantastic sandstone and conglomerate rocks. The small
Romanesque chapel, in the court, is perhaps of the 11th century.
The highest points of the huge rocks are made accessible by ladders
and bridges. Extensive view of the Vosges, and the plain of the
Rhine.
An interesting mountain -walk may be made from the Hoh-
Barr. Continuing along the ridge (finger-posts and red marks), and
passing between the ruins of Oross-Oeroldseck (1580 ft), with a
huge tower, only half preserved, and an extensive Rittersaal, still
traceable, and Klein- Oerold$eek ^ we reach (20 min.) the so-called
^Hexentisch', where notices on the trees indicate the route via the
(20 min.) Brotschberg (1757 ft.") to (25 min. more) the Schaferplatz
and also the direct route to (V2 hr. from Klein -Geroldseck) the
forester's house of Schaferplatz (1265 ft). Thence we follow the
Hagen and Haberacker road, which, flanked by a shady footpath,
descends in nearly the same direction (S.) and terminates IY2 M.
farther on (way-post) in a road coming from Beinhardsmiinster.
We follow the latter to the right to (10 min.) the two forester's houses
of Haberacker (1575 ft ; in the first one a fair restaurant, also rooms).
The ruin of Oohsenstein (1915 ft.), which rises above (1/4 hr.),
consists of three towers, the remains of which look like parts of the
rocks. The ruin has been rendered accessible by ladders and com-
mands a fine view of the Hub and Dagsburg.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
320 Route 42, DAGSBURG.
We continue to follow the road above the forester's, and then
take the (6 min.) footpath to the left (*Hart, Hub, Dagsburg'),
which soon affords a view (r.) of the Dagsburg. We proceed past the
Geisfddwasen (whence a red-marked path leads to the Obersteigen
and Wangenbnrg road) to the (40 mln.) Hart, whence by the wall of
the farmyard, we descend to the right, following the red way-marks.
1/2 lir. Auf der Hub (Kimmenau's Inn) , the chnrch of which has
been conspicuous for some time.
Passing the E. side of the church, we reach (20 miD.) the ZolUtock Inn,
on the road to Obersteigen-Wangenburg (ca. 5 !!.)•
A route leads towards the wood from Kimmenau's inn, descends
into the valley, and then ascends again in 1 hr. to the Dagflbnrg
(1676 ft.), a lofty. Isolated rock, commanding an excellent view.
The castle, 'hewn in a rock and inhabited by certain Counts of
Leiningen-Dagsperg' (Merian, 1663), was destroyed by the French
in 1676, and has left scarcely a trace behind. On its site stands
a chapel (with view-tower) erected in honour of Pope Leo IX.
(104S-64) , who is said to hive been born here. At the foot of the
castle-hill lies (Y4 hr.) the village of Dagsburg (Schlossberg-Hotel,
on the way down, very fair; Bour, Eeibel, in the village).
The road from Dagsburg to (9 H.) LfUzelhurg station (p. 317) via SchUftr-
ho/y NeumUhl (near the pretty valley of the Zorn), and Sparthrod, is not
recommended to pedestrians.
Fbou Daosbubo to Wanobnbdbo , a pleasant walk of 2i/s hrs. The
path, furnished with guide-posts, skirts the cliffs of Dagsburg (without
entering the village), and, after passing the forester's house on the ridge,
reaches (i hr.) the jSchleife, a clearing in the woods, where the road makes
a wide curve. Ck)ntinuing in the same direction by the path indicated by
guide-posts, we descend into the Sngen-Thal, and then, ascending to the
right, reach Wangenburg (p. 328) in 1 hr. more.
43. From StnuEisburg to B&le.
Comp. Maps, pp. 824, 340.
89 M. Eailwat in 2V4-4V* hrs. (fares 11 UT 30, 7 UT 50, 4 UT 80 pf. 5 ex-
press, 12 .J 90, 9 Ui^ 10, 6 .J 40 pf.). For travellers in the other direction
the German custom-house examination takes place in Bale.
Strassburg, see p. 302. The line to Kehl (p. 375) diverges to
the left before we cross the fortifications. To the right lies Koniga-
hofen, where the capitulation of Strassburg was signed in a railway-
van in Sept., 1870. The line to MoUktim (p. 327) diverges to tbe
right beyond the fortifications. On the left the tower of the cathedral
long remains visible, on the right we observe the new fortifications
of Wolfisheim (Fort Prince Bismarck) and LmgoUheim (Fort Crown
Prince of Saxony"). Then on the left the outworks of IlVkweh (Fort
Werder) and of (4V2M.) Orafenstaden (Fort von derTann), the latter
place possessing important machine-factories. 6^2 M. OeispoUkeim;
71/2 M. Fegersheim; 10 M. Limeraheim; I2V2 M. Erstein (Lowe), a
town with 5600 inhab. (steam-tramway to Strassburg, p. 302;
omnibus to Ottenheim, p. 375).
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SCHLETTSTADT. 43, Route. 321
The line now runs nearer the mountains. The Odlllenberg
(p. 334), with its white convent, is long a conspicuous object. The
land is fertile and well-cultivated, tobacco being one of the principal
crops. The hill-slopes are covered with vineyards , the best wine
being produced at Rappoltsweiler, Tiirkheim, Thann, etc.
14V« M. Matzenheim; 17 M. Benfeld; 20 M. Kogmheim;
22 V2 M. Ebershehn, On a hill to the right of the entrance to the
Leber-Thal rise the old castles of Ortenberg and Ramstein(see p. 333),
27 M. Bchlettstadt (676 ft.; AdUr ^ Boek, very fair; OoUnes
Lamm ; Hanser, Andlauer, near the station ; carr. to the Hoh-Konigs-
burg 20 Uf), a town with 9500 inhab., once a free city of the German
Empire, attained the height of its prosperity during the 13-15th
centuries. It was fortified by Vauban after its capture by the
French, but was taken by the Germans on 25th Oct., 1870. The
church of St. Fides ^ founded in 1094 by the Hohenstaufen , but
completed at a later period, an edifice in the Romanesque and Tran-
sitional styles, with a porch, three apses, three towers, and some
interesting carving on the exterior, is a memorial of the town's
former importance. So , likewise , is the cathedral of St. Qeorge,
one of the finest specimens of Gothic architecture in Alsace, a cruci-
form church with an octagonal tower, founded early in the 13th cent.,
and lately restored. The choir was begun in 1415. Fine stained
glass. At the entrance of the choir are two carved stone pulpits,
and below It is a good crypt. — Railway to Markirch and Weiler,
see p. 336; to Zabem, see pp. 333, 332, and 327.
Farther on, to the right, halfway up the hill, is the ruin of Kinz-
heim (p. 336). 3OV2 M. St. Pilt; the village (Krone) is about 3 M.
from the station, and is commanded by the ruins of the lofty Hoh-
Konigshurg (p. 338); farther on is the Tannchel (p. 338).
33 M. BappoltBweiler (603 ft.), 21/2 M. from the station, with
which it is connected by a steam-tramway (fares 35, 26 pf.), lies at
the foot of the mountains. Above it rise three' castles (p. 339).
35 M. Ostheim; 38 M. BennweieVj to the right of which is the
opening of the Weissthal (Kaysersberg, see p. 341). To the right
Is the (Jalz (p. 345), beside it Drei iEhren (p. 346), and behind are
the Kleine and Grosse Hohnack (p. 345).
4OV2M. Colmar. — Hotels. •HaTBL TERMINU8 (PI. z; A, 3), opposite
the station, with electric light and hot-air heatiDg, R. 2V2-5, B. 1, D. 21/2 Jt-
— Deux Glbfs (PI. x^ D, 2). at the corner of the Schlusselgasse and
Langengasse, B. 2-8, B. 1, D. incl. wine 3 Jf, with restaurant; HStee/ Centbal
(PI. y -, B, 2), Enfacher-Str. 8, B. IV2-2V2 J(, B. 60 pf ., D. incl. wine IV2-2V2 Jl,
with restaurant : Schwabzes Lamm (PI. v; B, 2), by the Marsfeld. — Wine
at the Kopfhavi (PI. b ; C, 2). — Beer at the Ca/4 turn Um-tfeld and the Luxho/,
near the cathedral. ~ Pat^ de foie gras at Seherer's, Pfaffengasse.
Colmar (633 ft.), a town with 36,600 inhab., is the capital of
Upper Alsace and the seat of the court of appeal for Alsace and
German Lorraine. It is situated on the Lauch, a tributary of the
111, and the Logelbach (p. 341), which flow through the town, and
Baedeker's Rhine. 16th Edit. 21?OOgle
S22 Route 43. COLMAR. From Strasshurg
is 2^2 M. from the mountains and 10 M. from the Rhine, nearly
in a s^aight line with Freiburg in the Breisgau.
Oolmar was declared a free town of the Empire by the Emp. Fred"
erlck IL in 1226, and became 00 powerful that in 1474 its inhabitants re-
fused admittance to Charles the Bold. In the Thirty Tears' War it was
occupied by the Swedes, and in 1673 by the French. — In the history of
Bhenish art Colmar is a place of some importance. Ccupcw Ismmann
(d. 1466), who flourished here after 1436, learned oil-painting in the school
of the Van Eycks and painted a large altar-piece for St. Martin's Ghurch
<1462). His pupil Martin Schongauer, born at Colmar about 1450 (d. 1491),
xilso visited the Netherlands. He is considered the greatest German artist
of the 15th cent., but, as few of his paintings have been preserred, he
must be judged mainly by his engravings.
The road from the station leads direct to the pleasant grounds
in the Champ de MarSj or Marsfeld, in which a Fountain Monument
(PI. 5), by the Colmar sculptor F. A. Bartholdi (well known by his
Statue of Liberty in New York Harbour), was erected in 1857 to
Admiral Bruat (d. 1855), a native of Colmar. The large building
to the S. is the Bezirks-Prdsidium (PI. 2; B, 4), or offline of the Pres-
ident of the District (formerly the Prefecture). On the W. is the
new Post Office. The Monument of Oeneral Rapp (PL 7), another
native of Colmar (1772-1821), is also by Bartholdi.
In striking contrast to this quite modern part of the town is
the inner town, with its narrow, picturesque streets and numerous
handsome secular buildings of the 16th and 17th centuries (the
most important are marked in the plan). In the centre rises the
restored Church of St. Martin (PI. 11 ; C,2,3), a fine cruciform Gothic
building, with marks of French influence, begun in 1237. The choir,
with a narrow ambulatory and good stained glass of the 15th cent.,
'dates from 1350. The fine carved reredos at the high-altar is modern.
Of the two W. towers, that on the S. alone is partly completed. The
S. side-portal has interesting sculptures, which are, however, in-
ferior to the contemporary work at Strassburg Minster (13th cent.).
The sacristy, to the- right of the choir, contains a 'Madonna in an
arbour of roses' by Schongauety an excellent, though harsh work, the
earliest and best-authenticated production of the master (retouched).
The buildings of the old Dominican Nunnery of Vnterlindeny
founded in 1232, famous in the history of the Qerman Mysticism
of the 13th and 14th cent., and suppressed during the Frencii Revo-
lution, were restored in 1849-58, and, together with the early
Gothic church, have been tastefully converted into a *Mu8eum
(PI. 12; B, 2), which is of some importance to students of German
art (open on Sun. and Thurs. 2-6, winter 2-4, gratis ; on other days,
8-12 and 2-6, for a fee; entr. on the W. side, opposite the theatre).
To the left of the entrance is the Flkischhadeb Boom, containing antiqui-
ties from Colmar and other Alsatian towns. Roman, Celtic, Allemanian, and
Prankish antiquities, cork models of Alsatian buildings, and old furniture.
In front are the fine early-Gothic Cloisters, which contain a collec-
tion of Roman-Gallic and medieeval stone monuments, including a Roman
roof- shaped tombstone from Eempel (No. 18), a number of interesting
Roman tomb-reliefs from Horburg, tombstones from Colmar and neigh-
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bourhood, and medieeval wood-carvings. In the centre is a fine Monument
to 8ehongauer^ l>y Bartholdi.
To the S. is the old Abbet Ghubch, containing a few modem paintings
and the ^Colleotion of Early German Pictures.
To ttie left (K.): 137, 143. Ccupar Isenmanny Scenes from the Passion,
almost burlesqued in their crude realism*, 115-130. Passion scenes by M.
Schongauer and his assistants.
In the middle, 132-136. Sehongauer^ Altar-wings with the Madonna and
St. Anthony Abbas inside and the Aimanciation outside; 179-182. Scenes
of martyrdom (painted at' the Monastery of Isenheim, near Gebweiler, and
dated 1505): panels with six saints, from Eappoltsweiler (presented by
Emp. William I. in 1882).
Apbb. The three painted and carved wooden ^Figures of SS. Anthony,
Jerome, and Augustine were part of the famous altar at Isenheim. The
painted wings of the altar (Kos. 163-171) are also preserved here. The
Entombment (predella), by Matthias GrUnewald (d. after 1525), the chief
Bhenish painter at the beginning of the 16th cent., is his best-authenticated
work. Another piece of painted wood-carving, representing Christ and the
Apostles (according to the inscription by Det. Beychel^ 1493), is also from
Isenheim. To the left: 161. Pieta, by an unknown master*, 157, 158. Wings
of the 80-ealled 'Stauffenberg Altar' -, 112. Portrait of Schongauw. — The nave
of the church contains a large Roman mosaic pavement from Bergheim,
On the Uppbb Floob of the monastery are a Natural History Collection^
an Ethnographical Collection^ a Cabinet of Engravings^ and the Library.
Railway from Colmar to Mnnster, see p. 344; to /''f*ef'&ur^, see pp. 384,
383. — Steam-tramways to Winzenheim (3 M. ; p. 344), to Schnierlach (p. 341),
and to Btrassburg (p. 303).
Beyond Colmar we observe on the right the castle of Hohlands-'
hurg (see p. 344). — 44 M. Egisheim. The village (1700 Inhab.),
which is 1 M. from the^ station, contains a recently restored palace
('Pfalz'), that is said to date back to the 8th cent, (the chapel,
dedicated to Pope Leo IX., is modern ; comp. p. 320). Above the
village stands the castle of Hohen- Egisheim or Dreien-Egiaheimj with
its three towers, which have been for some time visible in the dis-
tance : the Dagsburg^ of the 12th, and the Wahlenburg and Wekmund,
of the 11th cent., together known as the ^Drei-Exen'. The route
from the station to the castle is by the village of Hdusem, whence a
footpath ascends through wood. — The descent may be made to the
S. by the Augustine abbey of Marbach (now a farm and inn), founded
in 1094, of which a tower, part of the church-choir, and a few Roman-
esque columns of the cloisters are still extant.
45 M. Herlisheim. — 49V2M.BTifacli(670ft.; Bar, very fair), the
Rubeacum of the Romans, a town of 2900 Inhab., with an agricul-
tural school The *Chureh of 8t. Arbogaat, a cruciform vaulted
basilica, with an octagonal tower over the crossing, erected at the
close of the 12th cent., partly in the Transition, and partly in the
Gothic style, has lately been restored. The choir dates from the be-
ginning of the 14th century. Close to the town is a hill, which is
crowned by the castle of Isenburg, a modern erection on the found-
ations of one of the oldest castles in Alsace, frequently occupied by
the Merovingian-Frankish kings.
Sulxmatt, a small watering-place in a pretty side-valley, lies 4V2 H. to
the W. of Rufach. Diligence four times daily in 1 hr. The water resem-
bles that of Selters, and is much in vogue in Alsace. C^ooolp
324 Route 43. MULHAUSEN. From Stianburg
527« M. Metxheim. To the ri^t, in the distance, is tli« Kahle
Wasen (p. 346), and lieyond it the Grosse Belchen (p. 349). —
57 M. BoUweiler (784 ft.), the junction for Lautenbach (see p. 348).
The Baumann Arborieultwal Schools here are the oldest and most
extensiye in Alsace.
A narrow-gauge railway runs from BoUweiler, vii FeWarch and Ungers-
heim^ to (I'/s^O Enuaheim (Krone)^ a small, town with 2600 inhah., once
the capital of the Austrian possessions in Alsace. It is interesting for its
many specimens of secular edifices of the 15th and 16th centuries, chiefly
in the Renaissance style, especially the imposing Rathhcnu, with its hand-
some oriel , containing a meteoric stone , which fell liere in 1492. Tbe
Jesuit college is now a penitentiary. The railway continues N. to ffT'/z M.)
Colmar (p. 321). — Steam-tramway to MUlhausen (10 M. ; see below).
The Thur is now crossed. — ^OM. Wittelsheim; 63 V2M. it«tt<r-
haeh (junction for Thann and Masmunstei, p. 349). Here the train
leaves the mountains, turns to the E., and reaches (65 M.) Dornoch,
an industrial suburb of Miilhausen. The photographs of Braun,
GMment, & Oo. of Dornacli are well known in France and Oeimany.
67 M. MftUkansen. — Hotels. ^Gkntsal Hotel (PI. £, 6), with good
restaurant, B. 21/2-6, B. 1, d^j. 3, D. 3VsUV^ *HdTEL Waokek (F1. E, 5),
B. 2-8, B. 1, D. 3, S. 21/2 Jf; Hot. db l^Edbope, B. 2-3 UT, B. 80pf., not
far from the station.
Bestaurants. Bail. Restaurant; Federmann^ Molly Keuquartier-Platz
(PI. E, 6); Landtoerlin, Bathhaus-Durchgang (PI. D, 6). — Beer at the BUrger-
hr&Uy iMxhofy SehiUztnhatts^ and Spatenbr&u.
Cah^ 1 •# 60 pf. per hour. — Electric Tramway through the town. —
Bteam Tramways to Ensisheim (10 H.; see above), Pfastatt (3 H.), and
Wittenheim (5 M.). *
Bravn't Photogra^^ Baseler Thor 18 (PI. E, 5, 6),
Mulhausen (785 ft.), in the Sundgau , once a free city of the
German Empire, and from 1515 to 1798 allied with the Swiss Confed-
eration, is now the most important manufacturing town in Alsace
(cotton goods, chemicals, paper, iron-ware, machinery, etc.). It is
the seat of government for the district, with a provincial tribunal
and 88,500 inhabitants.
Leaving the Railway Station (PL E, F, 7) and proceeding a few
paces towards the right, we cross the Rhine -Rhone Canal and enter
the New Quabtbe of the town, with its large but unattractive houses,
many of which have wide, arched porticoes on the groundfloor. Here
is situated the large building of the SociitS IndwtrielU (PI. E, 6),
an association formed in 1825 for the promotion of industrial and
Scientific interests of all kinds. It contains natural history collections
and a library. Adjacent, in the Nordstaden, is the imposing new
Post Office (PI. E, 6). The Museum (PI. F, 6), established by the
Socl^t^ Industrielle in 1882, contains an interesting collection of
Romano-Celtic Antiquities, most of them found in Alsace, and the
Historical Museum, a collection of objects illustrative of local history.
On the second floor is a Picture OaUery, with a few good specimens
of modern French masters.
Proceeding straight on, we enter the Baseler-Thor-Strasse, the
main street of the Old Town. A street, diverging to the left, leads
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to B&le. ALTKIROH. 43, Route. 325
to the Rathbaus-Platz, in wMch is the Raihhaus (PL D, 6), erected
in 1552 after a flie, and restored in 1846, a solitary witness of the
ancient importance of Miilhausen as a free imperial city. The whole
of the facade was painted by Christian Vacksterffer of Colmar. Op-
posite the Rathhaus is the modern-Gothic Protestant Church (PI. D,
6, 6\ with a very showy facade. — The School of Design (PI. B, C,
5, 6j contains an Interesting and extensiye collection of patterns
and designs for dress goods, chiefly produced by Miilhansen firms.
The Abbbitbbstadt (PI. A, B, 3, 4), or artizans* colony, founded
in 1853 by the *Socitft^ des Cit^s Ouvrieres', a society established by the
Mayor Dollftiss to improve the condition of the working classes, lies to
the N.W. of the old town (follow the main road and then tnm to the
left). It now consists of about 1000 houses of one or two stories,
each accommodating one or two families, and provided with a small
garden. There are also large bath and washing houses, an infant
school, etc., connected with the colony. The houses were sold to arti-
zans almost at cost-price (2500-3000 Jf), payable by instalments.
The workmen, however, tend more and more to live in the remoter
suburbs, coming to the factories by rail , and the Arbeiterstadt is
now largely occupied by small shopkeepers and the like.
Near the station (to the S.£.) rises the Rbbbsbo, with several
pretty villas, the town-reservoir (view), and the Zoological Owrden
(best reached by the Brubacher-Str. or the Winzerhiittenweg ; PI. F,
7, 8). Higher up is the Tannenwald, which commands a beautiful
view.
From MGlhadsen to MOllhbim (in Baden), ISVs M., railway in
V«-*/« hr. (fares 2 UT 10, i UT 60, 95 pf.). — 3 M. Napoleons-Insel^ on the
Rhine-Rhone Canal, with large paper-mills. The train then traverses the
extensive HartwOd. 7 H. ChrUnMUe, — 9 M. Bansenheimy 2V3 M. to the 8.
of which lies OttmarMheim^ with an intereating octagonal chapel, con-
secrated in the middle of the ilth cent, and belonging to a suppressed
Benedictine abbey. It is bnilt on the model of the Garlovingian cathedral
at Aix-la-Ghapelle. — The Rhine is then crossed. 12 M. Jfeumburg. — iByt H.
MmiheHn, see p. 885.
FsoM HfiLHADSBN TO Bblfort , 31 M., railway in 1V4-3 hrs. (fares
4 uriO, 2 ur 90. 1 Ur 90 pf. ; express 4 UV 60, 3 UT 40 pf.). The railway as-
cends the smiling valley of the III. There were formerly about 20 castles
in the district traversed by this line, which, with numerous villages, have
all been destroyed by the ravages of war. At many points traces of Roman
fortifications and roads are noticeable. — 3Vs M. ZilUsheim; 6 H. Hlfurt.
lO^/zM. Altkiroh (954 ft.; Oeber; Blume\ picturesquely situated on the
slope of the hill, is the capital of the Sundgau in the narrower sense of
the name. Pop. 8300. A fine view is obtained from the vicinity of the
church. Small collection of antiquities in a medieeval tower. Pottery is
extensively manufactured here. — Almost the whole of the Sundgau
belonged to the Counts of Pfirt. whose castle, now in ruins, is in the Jura
Mts., above the little town (SOOinhab.) of Pflrt, Fr. Ferette (1540 ft.: Stadt
New York, very fair), 15 H. to the 8. of Altkirch (branch-line in 11/2 hr.).
Pflrt lies on the Swiss frontier, and is a good centre for excursions in the
Alsatian Jura, recently opened up by the ^Vosgea Club' (p. 337).
18 H. Damnfrkirchy Fr. Dannemarie (1040 ft.). The train then crosses
an imposing viaduct with 35 arches, and reaches (21 H.) AU-Mansterot,
Fr. ifontreuz-Vieux (1150 ft.), the German frontier - station. 23 M. Petite-
OroiXy the French frontier-station. — 31 M, BeVort or Bifort (ffdtel de VArir
326 Route 44. THE VOSOBS.
cienne Poste), a to'vrn and fortress on the Savoureuse^ built by Vauban under
Louis XIV., and memorable for its long siege by the Germans from 3rd Nov.,
1870, to 16th Feb., 1871. See Baedeker^ $ Northtm France,
!Prom Miilhausen to Weuerling and MatmOnitery see p. 349.
As far as(70Y2^0 ^^^^^^^^^ ttKin continues to run towards the
E. ; it then turns to the S.E. Tlie soil is gravelly and sterile.
711/4 M. Hahsheim ; TX^j^ M. Sierentz ; 791/2 M. Bavtenhtim, Beyond
(841/2 M.) 8t, Ludwig (or St. ZjouW) the line enters Switzerland.
Fbou St. Litdwig to Lbopoldshohb (in Baden), 4 M., railway in 1/4 hr.
(fares 50, 35. 30 pf.). — IV4 M. HUnivgen (Hotel de Paris), fortified by
Vauban in 1679 and dismantled by the Austrians in 1815. About 3 M.
from the town lies the famous piscicultural establishment of HUningeny
which since 1852 has been of great senrice in replenishing the waters of
Alsace with fish. A visit is most interesting in the breeding-season (Jan.-
April). — 4 H. Leopoldihdhe, see p. 386.
89 M. B&le, see p. 386.
44. The Central and Upper Vosges Mts.
The Vofges (Lat. Mom VoseguSy Qer. Voges^n, or more correcdy
Waaigen or Wasgenwald) form the western boundary of the basin
of the Upper Rhine, and run parallel with the Black Forest, with
which they for the most p&rt coincide In orologlcal and geological
characteristics. They are generally divided into the Upper, Central,
and Lower Vosges. The Uppbb or High Vosgbs Mts. are separated
from tiie Jura on the S. by the depression of Belfort, and on the N.
extend to the Leber-Thal (p. 336). They are almost entirely of
granitic formation , the granite being adjoined towards the N. by
the red sandstone which prevails in the Central and Lower Vosges.
The highest summits are the Groise BeUhen (4680 ft. ; p, 349),
the neighbouring Storkenkopf (4468 ft.), the Hohneck (4465 ft. ;
p. 347), the Klimkopf (4368 ft.; p. 346), the Rothenbachkopf
(4305 ft. ; p. 347), and the Kahle Wasm or Kleine Belchen (4160 ft. ;
p. 346). The Cbntbal Yosobs Mts. stretch from the Leber-Thal to
the Zaberner Senke (p. 317), the highest points being the Hochfeld
(3605 ft.; p. 336), the Afutetp/ci* (3310 ft.), the Donon (3307 ft. ;
p. 331), the aimont (3170 ft.; p. 330), and the Odiiicwfrerjr (2470 ft. ;
p. 334), a spur running out towards the W. The Lower or Nobth-
BBN V08GBS run northwards from the Zaberner Senke as far as the
Queich (p. 290) ; and they are sometimes considered to include the
Haardt Mts. and the Donnersberg, and thus to extend to the Nahe.
Up to a height of about 3600 ft. these mountains are covered
with luxuriant forests of beech and pine. The highest summits, on
which only grass grows, afford excellent pasturage, and are exten-
sively used for cattle-rearing and dairy-farming. The slopes are
thickly strewn with ancient castles , and on the side towards Alsace
are covered with vineyards (comp. p. 321). In the valleys, iron-
working, ore-smelting, weaving, and other industries are actively
prosecuted. As in the Black Forest, there are a few mineral springs
here, but the Vosges Mts. can scarcely compete with the sister-iange
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WASSELNHBIM. . 44. BtmU. 327
in point of scenery, as they lack the abundant brooks which impart
such a charm to the valleys of the latter. The most beautiful points
are the following: the vicinity of Zabem, the Odilieriberg j the
Hoh'Konigaburgy the castles of Rappoltsweiler, the Miinater'Thal
with the Schluchtj the St. Amarin-Thal^ and the Masmunster-Thal.
There are good Inm (R. 1-1 V2 ^, B. 80 pf., D. incl. wine 2-2V2 uT,
S. incL wine 1 1/2-2 ulf) at the points most frequently visited.
The ^Vosges Glab% instituted in 1872 , has done much to facilitate a
tour among these mountains by the construction of paths, the erection
of flneer-posts, etc. It is publishing a map of the district on a scale of
1 : 60,(X)0, of which 13 sheets have appeared (2 Jf each), covering the ground
from Zabem in the N. to Gebweiler in the 8. The best detailed guidebook
is C. MUndeVt 'Handbuch far die Vogesen' (4 •#, smaller edition 21/2 Jf)-
I. Thb Gbntkal Yosobs Mts.
Plan of Toub. The most interesting points in the Central Yosges
may be conveniently visited in five days by following the 'Hauptroute% or
'Main Route", Indicated by the rectangular red marks of the 'Vosges Club'. -^
ist Day : From Zabem YiiHoh-Barr, Haheracker^ and Dagtburg (comp. pp. 319,
320) to Wangenburg^ TVs-S^/s hrs. — 2nd Day : Via the Sehneeberg and the
Nideek to Urmait (p. 829), &-5Vs hrs. \ in the afternoon ascent of the ffahn$n-
berg. — 3rd Day: Thergestell, Muttig/elt, Donon, and SeJteck (pp. 831, 329),
8-9 hrs. — 4th Day: Strutho/^ MUns/eld, Hoeh/dd, and Hohwald (p. 329),
6*7 hrs. — 5th Day: Odilienberg^ M&nnelstein^ the ruin of Landtbergy and
Barr (p. 333), 6-7 hrs. -, railway to Schlettstadt.
a« From Zabem to Moliheim. — Wangenbnrg. Sehneeberg.
From Zabem to Molsfuttny 20 M., Railway in about 1 hr. (fares 1 Jf 70,
1 «# 10 pf.). — From Romansweiler to Wangenburg, Omnibus thrice daily
in summer in IVs hr. (1 Jf).
Zabern^ see p. 316. — 2^2 M. OttersweiUr.
5 M. Xaiinm&nster, Fr. Marmoutier (Krone; Zwei Schlusseljy
a small town with 1850 inhabitants. The Church of 8L Maurws,
which belonged to an ancient and once powerful Benedictine abbey,
now suppressed, possesses a handsome late-Romanesque facade and
a vaulted vestibule (a favourite style in Alsace ; comp. the church
of St. Fides at Schlettstadt, and the church at Gebweiler).
9 M. Romansweiler, (Route to Wangenbnrg, see p. 328.) —
10 M. PapiermuhUy with large cement-works.
11 M. Wasselnheim, French Wasselonne (^Railway Hotel, well
spoken of), a town with 3700 inhab., prettily situated on the Mossig^
with the rains of an old castle, and extensive stocking-factories.
121/2 M. Wangen; I33/4M. Marleriheim^ the traditionary home of
the Nibelungen hero, Hagen von Troneck ; 141/4 M. Kirchheim ;
151/2 M. Scharraehbergheim J 2 M. to the W. of which lies West-
ho fen, with a handsome Gothic church of the 14th cent. ; 17*/4 M.
Sulzbad, — 18 M. Avolsheimy a village with an interesting parish
church of the 16th century. About 8/4 M. to the S.E. is a Roman-
esque church of the 11th cent. ('Dom-Peter'), the nave of which
has a flat roof.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
328 Route 44. . MOLSHEIM. The Central
20 M. MoUheimy the jtmction of the Strassburg Mid Stales, and
of the Strasaburg, Molsheim, and Schlettstadt railways, see below
and p, 332.
Fbom Romanswbilbe to Wanobnbubg, 7 M. (omnibns, see
p. 327). Th« road crosses the MoMig^ and then ascends the wooded
and confined valley watered by that stream. Pedestrians may save
about 2 M. by short-cnts.
From Zabem to Wangeriburg^ 10 M., see pp. 318, 320.
Wangenhnrg (1486 ft. j *H6tel Wangenburg, R. from 1 Vs, I>. with
wine 2'/2, pens. 4^2-5 Jf ; Schneeherg, cheap), a small, scattered
village, commanded by the ruins of the castle of that name (built in
the 13th cent.), is beautifully situated among meadows surrounded
by pine-forest, and frequently visited in summer on account of the
purity of its air.
The route from Wangenburg to (1 1/2 ^^' > red marks) the top of
the Schneeberg (3150 ft.) diverges to the left near the churchy passes
a new red house , and , by a solitary house on the margin of the
wood, ascends to the left (footpath ; finger-post) to the rocky summit,
just below which a shelter-hut has been built. The top (mountain-
indicator) commands an extensive *View over Alsace (to the E.),
the plain of Lorraine (to the W.), and the Vosges. The *Lottel-
fels', at the W. corner, is a *rocking-stone' which may be set in
motion by stepping on it. Between the summit and the hut is a
finger-post showing the way to the Donon (red marks).
A good path (not to be mistaken) descends to the S. in ^/^ hr.
to the forester's house of Nideck (p. 330). Thence to Nideck Castle
(see p. 331), V4 ^^' ' on quitting the house, we turn to the right
along the carriage-road, from which a path diverges to the left in
7 min., reaching the castle in 6 min. more. To Urmatt, see p. 329.
b. From Strassbnrg to Saales. — Brenschthal. Donon.
38 H. Railway in 3-SVs hrs. -, fares 4 UT 90, 8 UT 90, 2 UT 10 pf.
Strassburgy see p. 302. — Several unimportant stations.
12 M. Molsheim (575 ft. ; Zwei Schlussel; Rail, Restaurant)y a
small town with 3100 inhab. on the Breuschy at the foot of the Vosges,
a fortified place in the middle ages. In the handsome meat-market
here the forms of the Renaissance are combined with the articula-
tion of Gothic architecture. The church (formerly the property of
the Jesuits) is partly Gothic and partly in the Renaissance style.
— Molsheim is the junction for the Zabern and the Schlettstadt
lines (see above and p. 332).
The Saales line ascends the pleasant green valley of the Breusch,
which is enclosed by wooded heights and rocks of red porphyry.
The stream descends from the Winberg or Glimont.
14 M. Kntzig (615 ft. ; FeUburg; Zur Po8t)y a small town of
2800 inhabitants. To the right, on the Molsheimer Berg^ is the
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Vosgea. GHtBADEN. 44. Route. 329
large Fort Emperor William II. — 15V2 M. GressweiUr. — 17V2 M.
Heiligenberg is the most convenient starting-point for a visit to the
ruin of Girbaden (l^/g hr.; finger-posts.
From the railway-station a footpath leads to the W. and enters the
wood. 40 min. Finger-post pointing to the OrauieMagfeU. In 40 znin.
more, latterly on the Urmatt road, we reach the forester's house of Gir-
baden, whence the road (better views than from the footpath) leads in
10 min. to the mjn.
BohloBS Oirhaden (1865 ft.), one of the oldest and most extensive for-
tresses in Alsace, is said once to have possessed 14 gates and 14 court-
yards, and is still an imposing ruin. The inner castle dates from the 10th,
the imposing outer castle from the early part of the 18th century. In the
W. portion a hall, the handsome windows of which are bordered with
clustered pillars, is still traceable. Beside the square W. tower is the
Chapd of St. Valentine. Good view from the E. wall of the ruin.
On the S. slope of the ridge, */i M. from Girbaden, lies Orendelbruch
(ffdtel Weber ^ pens. 4 UlOi » favourite summer-resort. A pretty walk
through the wood leads hence to (IV4 hr.) Urmatt station; on the way
another path branches off to the Hahnenberg (view-platform).
20 M. Urmatt (765 ft. ; Pott, R. II/2 uT, very fair) is the starting-
point for a visit to Nideek Castle^ and for the ascent of the Donon (see
p. 331)* — Above this point French is the language of the valley.
The cvrlons mixed patois of French, German, and Celtic, now rapidly
disappearing, is of interest to philologists (grammar by Oberlin).
From Urmatt vi4 the Hahnenberg to Grendelbruch, see above.
22V2 M. Lutzelhausen (833 ft. ; Zwei Schlussel), a large village,
whence a pleasant excursion may be made vi^ the Orande C6te (in
German Langenberg\ between the Mntzigfels and Narionfels, to
the Alberschweiler-Thal (v. 318; 8 hrs.). — 24 M. Wisch (Donon
InnV — 24 V2 M. Russ-Hersbach,
26'/4 M. Schirmeck-Vorbrnck (1030 ft.; Hot. Vogt, R. 1 1/2-2,
J). 21/2 ^j in Vorbmck; Hdt. Donon, H$t. Velleda, in Schirmeck,
1/4 M. from the station, both very fair), two busy little places, separated
by the Breusch. Vorbruck, Fr. Labroque, with the rail, station and
1600 inhab. , is on the left bank, at the mouth of the Framont;
Schirmeck (1700 inhab.) lies on the right bank and is commanded
by the (I/4 hr.) Schlossberg , on which are a ruined castle of the
Bishops of Strassburg and a modern statue of the Virgin (view).
Fbou Schikmbck to Hohwald, 4-4V2 hrs. We ascend, following the
red marks, to the (IV2 hr.) Sfruthof (29^ ft.; good rustic ino). Farther
on we follow a cart-road and after V2 !>'• ascend by a footpath io the
right to (20 min.) the MUntfeld (3380 ft.). At (25 min.) the cross-roads we
may either follow the white marks (straight on) to the RathearrJuiuien-Stein
and (1V« hr.) Hochfeld (p. 385) or the red and white marks (left) to the
solitary inn of (»/« hr.) Roihktch (p. 885), then via the Ntvntenetein (p. 335)
to (IV4 hr.) Hohwald (p. 835). — From the Neuntenstein we may proceed
to (20 min.) the forester's house of WeUchbnich (inn), whence a new road
leads to (41/2 H.) the Odilim Convent (p. 834).
28 M. Botbau (1 105 ft. ; Z%rei Schlussel, very fair), a busy village,
with 1600 inhabitants. The ruined castle of Salm, 41/2 M. to the
W., was the seat of the Princes of Sahn, to whom the whole district
belonged. About V2 M. from the castle is the hamlet of Salm.
The view-tower on the Katzenstein, or Chatte Pendue, 2 M. farther
330 Route 44. HASLACH. The Centra
on, affords a good view of the Hochfeld, the yalley.of the Breusch,
and the valley of the Rhine.
Fbou Rothau to Hohwald, 4V2-5 hrs. A pleasaat path leads, via (3 M.)
Natzweiler and past the Cascade de Serva and the farm of Morel (rfints.)^ to
the (3 hrs.) Hochfeld (p. 335). Descent to Eohwald (p. 336), IVs br-
31 M. Urbach, French Fouday (Post J ^ at the union of the Cher^
goutte with the Breusoh.
Urbach belongs, like Rothau and five other villages, to the ancient
lordship of Steinthal^ Fr. Ban de la Roche^ which has been a desolate
and sparsely- peopled district since the time of the Thirty Tears' War.
The places named owe their prosperity and comparative popnlonsness to
the praiseworthy philanthropic exertions of Johann Friedrieh Oberlin (b. at
Strassbnrg 1740, d. 1826), who is bnried in the churchyard of tJrbach.
The Hochfeld may be reached from IJrbaeh in about 3 hrs., vi4
Walderibaehj where Oberlin was a Protestant pastor, and the forester^s
house Schirrgut (rfmts.).
321/2 M. at Blaise- Poutay; 331/8 M. Saulxures (UIQ ft.);
37 M. Bowg-Bruche (1627 ft.).
38 M. Saales (1830 ft. ; HdL de V Europe; H6U du Commerce),
the tenninuB of the railway, lies dose to the frontier. — A pleasant
walk may be taken hence to Weiler (p. 336), mi Voyemont^ the
CWmont i (3170 ft.; view-towei), and the ruin otBUttevn; or from
the farms of Climont we may follow the frontier to the 8t Diedder
Hohe and thence descend by road to Mtirkirch (p. 337).
Haslach Valley. Nieder-Haslach is fully 11/2 M. by road from
the station of Urmatt (p. 329). Pedestrians, who have already visited
the church of Nieder-Haslach, should take the footpath (red marks)
diverging to the right a few paces to the W. of the station at Urmatt,
which leads through meadows and wood and joins the undermen-
tioned road in 1^/4 hr., shortly before the mouth of the valley of
the Nideck.
Kieder-HaBlach (730 ft.; Delcomirute, opposite the church, very
fair ; Apfel ; Krone), formerly the seat of a convent. The large Gothic
church of 8t, Florian possesses beautiful old stained-glass windows,
and fine Gothic sculptures on the W. portal. The body of the church
and the tower date from the 14th cent. ; the choir was begun in
1274 , and rebuilt in 1290 after its destruction by fire. A side-
chapel to the left contains the tombstone of a son of Meister Erwin
(Tilii Erwini maestri'; d. 1330).
The road continues to ascend the Haslach , and at the end of
(II/4 M.) Ober-Haslach (beer at Fuchslock's) it divides. We foUow
the branch to the right, leading through a beautiful and gradually
contracting dale to the (21/2 M.) fifth saw-mill from Ober-Haslach.
A few paces on this side of it a broad footpath ascends to tiie right
into the beautiful pine-clad * Valley of the Nideck, enclosed by rocks
of porphyry, which vies with the finest scenery of the Black Forest.
At the (1 M.) upper end of the valley the Nideck forms a waterfall,
80 ft. in height. High above it stands the square tower of the
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Voigei DONON. 44. RouU. 331
Castle of Kideck (13-14th cent.), called by an old tradition the
^plaything of the giants', to which a zigzag path ascends to the right,
crossing the brook to the left above the waterfall. The tower com-
mands a fine view of the valley. The relief of Ohamisso over the
entrance refers to his ballad dealing with the legend of the castle.
From this point to the forester's house of Nideck (Inn, very fair),
15-20 min., see p. 328.
From the forester's house the Sehrueberff (p. 328) is ascended in i>/4 hr.
A few paces to the right we enter a narrow cart-road (finger-post), which
preeently degenerates into a footpath. In about »/< br. we emerge from
the wood and reach the hill, 20min. below the summit. — Another path
(numerous finger-posts), avoiding tbe Schneeberg, leads direct to Wangen-
bur^ (p. 328) in 2 hrs. In good weather, the route over the Schneeberg
is preferable (p. 328). _________
The Donon, the most frequented snmmlt in the Central Yosges,
commanding an extensive prospect, may be ascended from Niedeck
in 41/2, from Urmatt vil the Mntzigfels in BVs"^* o' ^'^"^
Schirmeck in 2V2-3 hrs.
Fbom Kideck to thb Donon (41/2 hrs.)) a fine forest-excursion (finger-
posts). About 100 yds. to the W. of the forester's house we diverge from
the road to the right (Onger-post) *, 20 min., fork, where the Schneeberg
route diverges to the right {nee above); 20 min., anchor path to the Schnee-
bei«; 10 min., saddle; 20 min., the Urttein (3105 ft. ; fine view). In 25 min.
more we pass through a gate and follow the road to the left; at the
QU hr.) fork we proceed to the left, on the E. slope of the Orossmarm
(2S35 ft.), to (10 min ) the flat saddle of the AUmcUt. A little farther on,
past the JioU, we descend a little to the left, where we join the path from
the Mutzigfels, eiyoying a view of the Haut du Narion (2485 ft.). 11/4 hr. Fork
Oeft to Schirmeck, right to the Donon). In '/jhr. more we reach the road
between the Donon and Alberschweiler (p. 983). Here we follow the old
road to the left to (20 min.) the saddle betwee the Great and the Little
Donon, 1/2 ^- ^^^t^ the summit (see p. 332).
Fbom UaifATT to thk Donon. From the station we proceed through the
village and along the road to the (IV4 M.) EitMrbach-Thal, which we ascend
on the left bank of the stream, through wood (red mark^), to Kctppelbronn
(1^4-2 hrs. from the station). An easy path ascends bence to the (^4 hr.) Thilr-
ge$teUy a curiously shaped rock on the saddle below the Katzenberg (2958 ft.),
whence the commanding Jiuteig/eh (8310 ft.) is reached in 35-40 min. more.
We descend to the Haut du Narion. and thence either take the shadeless path
(fine views), via the Narionfdi (3278 ft.) and the top of the iToii (3253 ft.), or
skirt these two heights to the S. through the wood to (fully 1/2 l^i^O the W. side
of the Noll, where we again strike the road from Nideck described above.
Fbom Sohibmbok to thb Donon, 2V2-3 hrs. (several routes). — A finger-
post near the station shows the shortest way (blue marks). We cross the
Framont and (5 min. ; 1.) the railway, and then ascend through pasture-land
and a wood to the Kohlberg road, followine which we arrive at the saddle
between the Qrosse and Kleine Donon (p. 8S2).
The carriage-road from Schirmeck ascends the valley of the Framont
(omnibus to Grandfontaine, 40 pf.). At a quarry, just beyond the first kilo-
metre-stone, a path (red marks) diverges to the right, leading vii Oher-
WdKkeubach to the Hdt. VeUeda (see below); and farther on (IV2 M. from
Schirmeck), immediately beyond the church of Waekenhach^ another route
(red and white marks) diverges, leading straight to tbe saddle proper. The
latter is the best route of all. — The carriage-road (no shade), with a
tramway for the transport of timber, continues to ascend the left bank of
stream. At a (S'A M.) custom-house we cross the bridge to Orandfontaine^
and we ascend thence, passing the church, to ("A hr.) the natform of the
Donon (2420 ft.; Hdt. Velleda, R. 2-3, D. 2^2^ pens. 5-6 Jf; telephone to
532 Route 44, BOSHEIM. The Central
Schirmeck), 5^ fa M. from SchLrmeck. The road des^ibes a wid« besd
and crosfes the stream higher up. Beyond the Hotel Velleda it divides :
the left branch enters France, the right branch skirts the W. slope of the
Donon and follows the valley of the Bothe Saar to Alberschweiler (p. 318).
The top is reached in >/4 hr. by a foo(^ath, diverging to the right from
the Alberschweiler road, about 250 yds. bey(md the Hot. Velleda.
The *I)onon (3307 ft.) affords an extensive survey of the surrounding
mountains, of Alsace towards the W., and of the hills and plain of Lorraine
on the E. In clear weather the Bernese Alps can be distinguished to the S.
On the summit are a mountain-indicator and the *Mus^e\ a small sand-
stone 'temple% built in 18B9 and containing some antiquities discov^ed
in the neighbourhood. There is a refuge-hut about 30 yds. below the
summit, amid the rocks on the side next the Eleine Donon. — Descent
from the refnge-hut on the K.E. to the saddle (2625 ft.) between the Great
and the Little Donon (3160 ft.), see p. 331.
c. Erom Molsheim to Schlettstadt. Odilienbnrg. Hohwald.
21 M. Railway in IVi hr.; tbrough-csrrriages from Strassburg.
Moleheim is tlie junction for railways to Zabern (p. 3(^7), Saales
(for Strassburg ; p. 328), and Schlettstadt (p. 321). — 1 V4 M. Dorlis-
heim, with a Romanesqne chnrch. In the distance, farther on,
is Glrbaden (p. 329).
272 M. Eosheim (Pflug), a small town with 3100 inhab., once a
free city of the empire, has several times suffered destrucUan, but
the medisBval fortifications are in good preservation, and the an-
cient tower-gates are still standing. The Romanesque Church of
88. Peter and Paul was conseerated in 1049; the present edifice
dates from the 12th cent., and has been added to in Gothic times.
Several of the old houses are very picturesque. — A branch-line
runs to 8t. Nabor (7% M., in 40 min. ; see p. 333).
4 M. Bischofsheim. In the distance are the castles of Ottrott
(p. 333), farther on the Odilienberg (p. 334) and the Mannelstein
(p 334).
5V2 M. Ober-Ehnheim, French Obemai (Vormwald^ at the
station; Wagner, by the chnrch; wine at the Rathskellerjy with
3900 inhab. and several manufactories , was raised to the dignity
of a free imperial town by Emp. Frederick II. The Town Hall of
1523, restored in 1849, contains an interesting old council-chamber ;
in front of it is a draw-well. There are several other picturesque
houses. The Gothic Church is modern. — From Ober-Ehnhelm to
the Odilienberg, see p. 333.
71/2 M. OoxweiUr produces a good variety of white wine (*CIev-
ner') ; the station affords a fine Tiew of the mountains, with their
numerous ruined castles. Pleasant walk through the ^Heiligensteiner
An' to HeiUgenstein (p. 333). — 9 M. OertweUer; to the right the
ruin of Landsberg (p. 333), opposite Schloss Andlan (p. 334).
10 M. Barr (660 ft. ; Rothes Ham, in the town, B. 11/2-^ jT,
very fair; Ooldner Apfel, near the rail, station; Biihl Hydropathic,
pens. 4 J(; Rail, Restaurant), a husy little town of 5300 inhab.,
with extensive tanneries , is prettily situated at the mouth of the
Kimeck-Thal, The Town Hall was built in 1640.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
VosgtB. DAMBAOH. 44, Route. 333
12 M. Eiehhofen^ station for Andlan (2M.; p. 334) and Stotz^
heim, 21/2 M. to the W. Then (13 M.) Epfig, with 2400 inhab.;
at the £. end is the early-Romanesque Margarethen-Gapelle. To
the right, in the background, rises the Vngersberg (p. 335).
16 M. Dambaoh (JTrone, very fair), a small town of 2600 inhab.,
with the remains of old fortifications and several late-Gothic houses.
The Chapel of 8t,8ebcutian to theW., with its Romanesque tower and
Qothic choir, contains a richly-carved wooden altar. Passing the
chapel, we reach in 40 miu. the extensive ruins of the castle of
Bernstein , whence we may proceed (red marks) by the castle of
Ortenberg^ with its bold pentagonal tower of the 13th cent., and
that of Ramatein (the two locally known as the 'Scherweiler
SchlSsser'), to Weilerthal station (p. 336).
I872 M. Scherweiler, where the insurgent peasants were defeated
in the Peasants' War of 1525. In the background, to the right, the
Altenberg (2885 ft.) and the ruined Frankenburg (p. 336). —
21 ii.'Schlettatadt, see p. 321.
AscBNT 01* THB Odilibnbbbg. — Siuce the opening of the railway
from Rosheim (p. 332), 8t. Nabor (Stern) is the best starting-
point. The road ascends in wide curves (ca. 3 M.). The path leads
past the Odili^ibrunnen (see below) to the convent in li/4 hr.
From Oskk-Ehnhbim (p. 382; carriage there and back 10-12 Jf)
road leads to the W. by (i^/t M.) Nieder-Ottrott^ and then winds round the
eminence (1640 ft.) which is crowned by the ruins of Lmtelhwg and Eath-
tcmhauien^ Beyond EUng«ttthal (Schwan) we ascend to the 8., through the
vsOleys of the Ehnbaeh and FUllochbach, to(9>/s M.) the convent. — Walkers
will also do well to shorten the shadeless and hilly road to (3V2 M.) Nieder-
Ottrott (786 ft.; Schwan; Griiner Baum) by the use of omnibus (five times
d&ily^ 40 pf.) or carriage (seat V*-! «^)- This village lies at the foot of a
hill on which grows good red wine. At the end of Ober-OUroit a finger-
post (r.) indicates the way to the (21/4 hrs.) top of the Odilienberg via the
^Ottrott Castles^ and the BUbtrg (fine view), a charming walk through
woods. The direct route (IVs hr. ; white marks) ascends through wood,
passes (1 hr.) above an old Roman causeway, skirts the meadow below the
convent, and again traverses wood.
Fbom Babe (p. 332) to thk Odilisnbbko (2V2 hrs.) the route is more
picturesque than from Ober-Bhnheim. — The road leads from the station
direct to the K., yia (1 M.) Heiligenstein (Stem, opposite the Eathhaus; Keb-
stock ; good ^Glevner' at both), 1/2 M. beyond which a finger-post indicates
the way (left) to (V4 M.) Truttenhausen and ^U M ) Ste. Odile. The sup-
pressed Augustine abbey of Trvttenhatuen (1240 ft.) was founded in II8I ;
it is now, along with the ruins of the Qothic abbey-church, dating from
1490, private property. •— To the W., situated on the slope of the Bloss,
of which the Mannelstein is the highest point, we observe the ruins of the
castle of Landtberg (1915 ft. ; key and rfmts. at the forester's), erected in
the 18th century. ~ A few hundred paces beyond Truttenhausen, at the
beginning of the wood, is a finger-post, pointing in a straight direction to
Ste. Odile, and to the left to Landsberg. Another finger-post is reached
about 11/2 H. farther on, in a clearing in the wood, which affords a view
oi the convent above ; it indicates the way to Niedermiinster (see above)
on the right, and Ste. Odile on the left. About V4 hr. below the convent
we reach the OdUienbrunnen^ welling up in a grotto close to the new road,
the water of which has been used by thousands of devotees as a cure for
diseases of the eye. ^ i
Digitized by VjOOQ LC
834 Route 44, ODILIENBERG. The CerUral
Another route from Barr leads past the Protestant church and through
the ^Anlagen' (pleasure-grounds) on the Eirchherg to the forester's house of
Mdnkalb; thence to (1 hr.) the ruin of Landsberg (p. 333), whence we may
either proceed to the Jiidnnelslein (see helow), or go direct to the convent.
The *Odilienberg forms a plateau-like ridge about 6 M. in circum-
ference, surrounded by the Heidenmauer ^ a prehistoric fortified
waU, parts of which are still 6-10 ft. high and 3 ft. thick; it is
supposed to be one of the Gaulish places of refuge (like Alesia,
Bibracte, etc.) mentioned by Ossar. The sandstone blocks of which
the Heidenmauer is built are merely rough - dressed , not hewn,
and were secured by oak braces in the form of a double dovetail.
On the N.E. spur (2470 ft.) of the central saddle stands a Nunnery ,
founded by Ste. Odile in the 7th century. The abbey-churcb, which
is much frequented by pilgrims, and has even been visited by
emperors and popes, contains the tomb of the foundress. Tradition
relates that Odile, the daughter of Eticho, Duke of Alsace (7th cent),
was born blind, but gained her sight on being baptised, and after-
wards spent a long life here in all the odour of sanctity. Superb
•View from the convent-garden. In the inner court (ring) is an
Inn (R. 1-2, D. from 12.30 to 3 p.m. 2% pension 4-6 uT).
The highest point of the ridge is the *M&nn6lit6i]i (2680 ft.),
which rises to the^.E., and may be ascended from the nunnery in
40 min. (finger-posts), the last part of the route passing exteneiye
remains of the Heidenmauer (see above). In clear weather the
JMannelstein commands a view embracing, almost the whole of Alsace,
the Breisgau as far as the Black Forest, the Vosges (to the S. the
Kirneck-Thal, the Andlauer Schloss, and the Spesburg), the Rhine,
and, towards the S.E., the Alps. — At the N. extremity of the
Odilienberg lies the ruin of Waldsberg^ or HagelsehloaSy which may
be reached In 8/^ hr. (the ruin itself is difficult of access). More to
the "W. is the ruin of Dreiateiny buried in wood, consisting of two
castles of the 13th cent., situated on two crags.
From the Odilienberg we reach (2V2 hrs.) Hohwald by proceeding for
8 min.. in a straight line from the nunnery-gate and then turning to the
left, along a new road, passing the forester^s house of Welichbrueh. On
the way a path turns off to the right, leading to the ruin of Birkenfdt^
and subsequently rejoining the road.
F&oic Babb to Hohwald, post-omnibus in summer twice daily
in 13/4-2 hrs., (fare ijf QO pf. ; carr. for 1-2 pers. 6V2, for 3 pers. 8,
carr. & pair 13 »#).
The Oabriaqb Road from ^Barr to Hohwald (88/4 M.) leads by
Mittelbergheim to Andlan (Ochsen)^ a small town with 1700 inhab.,
prettily situated at the entrance to the Andlau -Thai, with several old
timbered houses, and a Romanesque Ahbey Church of the 12th cent.,
with Gothic additions, altered in 1701, and judiciously restored in
1861. The crypt (11th cent.) is borne by columns. The facade is
ornamented with rude, fantastic reliefs, and the choir-stalls are very
handsome. — The road then ascends the valley of the Andlau^
Vosgea. HOHWALD. 44. Route. 335
througli beautiful woods, passing the ruins of Andlau (1480 ft.) and
Spesburg (^1660 ft.) on the right, and numerous saw-mills.
Pbdbstbians (372 ^'8.) should walk through the straggling town
of Ban, about 1^4 M. in length, and ascend the road on the left
bank of the Kirneck as far as the(2M.) ^Holzplatz\ and then proceed
by a good footpath, frequently crossing the new railway (p. 332),
to (l*/* lir.) the forester's house of "Welschbruch. — As an alter-
natiye route we may turn to the left at the W. end of Barr (1^2 ^>
from the station), cross the bridge, and pass to the N. of, and below,
the ruins of Andlau and Spesburg. Beyond the (lY4hr.) forester's
house of HungerplcUx (1790 ft. ; rfmts.) we follow a cart-track to
(8/4 hr.) the forester's house of Welschbruch (2540 ft.; rfmts.), where
several paths cross (comp. p. 334). — From Welschbruch the new
road to the Hohwald takes ^/^ hr. ; we may also go Tia the Neunten-
stein (see below; white, then red and white marks) in IV2 l^r*
Hohwald (2000 ft. ; H6Ul Kuntz^ very fair, with' electric light and
baths, B. 2-3, B. 1, D. 21/2, S. I3/4, pens. 61/2-8 uT ; 8taufer, plain,
but also very fair) is a straggling village with 700 inhabitants. Its
healthy and at the same time sheltered and picturesque situation
has made it one of the most frequented summer-resorts in the
Yosges. The Roman Catholic Church stands on a height to the E.
of the hotel ; the Protestant Church lies farther up the valley.
The wooded ^E^vibons of Hohwald afford many pleasant exonrsions,
which are greatly facilitated by numerous way-posts. To the "Waterfall
(3040 min.) and the Oroste Tanne (1 hr.). We ascend to the right from
the road up the valley, near the old Prot. church. — From the Grosse
Tanne ('Great Fir'; 2790 ft.) we may proceed to the N., by the new road,
to the (>/« hr.) Rathiaihkauten Siein QiASO ft.), affording a view of the Donon
and the upper valley of the Breusch. Hence we may return by the forester's
hoose of Meikerei^ and past the XirchMM Felt (I-IV4 hr.). We may also
follow the ridge to the £. from the Bathsamhausen Stein to the C^ min.)
RoiMaeh Inn (3126 ft. •, comp. p. 329) and (*/4 hr. more) the Neuntenstein. —
To the Neuntenstein (1 hr., back in V4 hr.), a fine point of view, a ^ood
path ascends fiom the garden of the Hdtel Euntz. — To the Sohttne Leite
(or ^Grosse Bellevue'*; 1 hr.): we turn to the right at (5 min.) the first saw-
mill below the hotel, cross the bridge, and skirt the wood (following the
red marks) for about 10 min., until we reach the beginning (on the left)
of a narrow, partly grass-grown path, which afterwards widens and winds
gradually round the mountain, chiefly through wood, and keeping at
nearly the same elevation. At the exit from the wood we obtain a fine
view of the valley of the Breitenbach, and 5 min. farther on of the
Weiler-Thal. Thence to the (ii/4 hr.) Ungersberg (2985 ft.), with view-
tower. — The Tannenttein^ or Pelage (3110 ft.), another favourite point,
is reached by a shady new footpath, which intersects the Hohwald and
Breitenbach road at the forester s house of Kreueweg (rfmts.).
The Hochfeld, French Champ-du-Feu (3605 ft.), is ascended from Hoh-
wald in 2 hrs. The route (red marks) leads to the W. from the Grosse
[Tanne (see above). At the top is the 'Hohenlohe Tower% 65 ft. high. In
returning we may follow the footpath (blue marks) towards the £. via
Ealberhdtte, Tannenstein, and Ereuzweg (see above) : 2 hrs. — Ascent of
the Hochfeld from Schirmeck and from Rothau^ see pp. 329, 330.
Feom Hohwald to "Wbilbb, 2V4 hrs. (carr. 10, with two horses
i^fjf). We follow the above-described route to the Schone Leite,
and then descend to (IY4 hr.) the rail, station of Weiler by the so-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
336 Route 44. KESTJSNHOLZ. The Upper.
called EselBweg ('donkey-ioad'), which traverses the ridge dividing
the valleys of Breitehbach on the right and Erlmbaeh on the left
(fine views, hut shadeless).
II. Thb Uppbr or High Yosobs Mtb.
Plan of Todb. The *Maiii Route' CHauptroute') of the Vosges Club
(comp. p. 327) takes six days. — Ist Day : By railway to Ke$te»hol§ (see
below), ascend the Soh-Kdnigsburg, and proceed vii TanneiiHrch to RappolU-
weiler (p. 333), 5Vs-6 hrs. — 2nd Day : Yii AUioeUr to Ihe Brizowxtd (p. 33T),
descending thence vift JHedoUhausen to the Weiue See (p. 343), 9-10 hrs. ~
3rd Day: Along the crest of the mountain, past the Schluchi^ to the
Hohneek (pp. 34«, 347), and down to Metteral (p. 347), 7y»-8Va liM- —
4th Day : Vid the forester's bouse of Herrenberg to the top of the ridf^e
again, and on to the Cfrotte Belchen (p. 34^), 7-8 hrs. — 6th Day : Descent
to St. Aman'n and by the Belacker dairy and the Jtostberg to Moem&nster
(pp. 360, 351), 7-8 hrs. — 6th Day: By railway to Oberbruch (p. 861), walk
via Horben and Risnbach to the Stem-See and thence to the Weltehe Belehen
(p. 352), descending again to Seven (p. 351), V/r^/t hrs.
a. From SohlettBtadt to Markixcli. Hoh-Xdnagsbarg. Bappolts*
woiler.
13 M. Railway in 1 hr.; fares 1 UT 80, 1 UT 20, 75 pf.
Schlettstadtj see p. 321. — The line ascends the Leber-Thaly a
picturesque, industrial valley enclosed by weoded hUls. On the N.
rise the Scherweiler Schlosser (p. 833 ; reached from Weilerthal).
3 M. Kestenliolz, French ChdtenoU (630 ft. ; Weisses Lamm^
at the station; Adler, in the village, well spoken of; ^Cur^BdUl
Badbrormy with 80 rooms, very comfortably fitted up , R. 1V2"^»
D. 21/2, board 4 ulf), a place with 2700 inhab., situated at the
beginning of the narrower part of the valley. A pleasant walk
may be taken through the park, and then to the left from the
route to the Hoh-Konigsburg (p. 338), to the (1 hr.) top of the
Hahnenberg (1740 ft.).
A road leads to the S. from Kestenholz to (1 M.) Xinshdm, an ancient
village, commanded by a castle of the same name, a ruin since the Thirty
Years' War. The Hoh-Konigsburg may be ascended hence ih I'/s hr.
33/4 M. Weilerthal (660 ft.), French Vat-de-VilUy a small group
of houses, lies at the entrance of the valley of its own name. Above
it to the right, on the hill where the two valleys unite, rises the
ruin of Frankenburg (ll-12th cent.), with its massive round tower.
On the slope are remains of a prehistoric ring- wall. — A bramrh-
railway ascends, in 35 min., through the Weiler-Thal, passing
Oereuth, Thannweiler (with a 16th cent, chateau, restored in the
18th), St. Moritz, and Triembachy to (SS/^M.) Weiler (820 ft. ; Stadt
Nantigy Post, both very fair), the chief place in the valley, with
1000 inhab. and two churches (to Hohwald: either by the Breiten-
bach road or via the Schbne Leite, see p. 335).
The line continues to follow the Leber-Thal. — 5^2 M. Wanzel
(720 ft.; Danielsrain, very fair), whence the shady ^Kaiser-Wilhelms-
Pfad', marked red and white, ascends to the (2 hrs.) Hoh-Konigs-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Voages. MARKIRCH. 4 J, Route, 337
burg. — 83/4 M. Leberau, French Lihpvre (890 ft. j La Fleur),
opposite the entrance to the Rwnhaeh'Tkalj a valley of imposing
beanty, still little frequented by tourists ; the principal place in it
is Deut8ch'Rumbaeh, with a French-speaking population. — 11 V4 M
St. Kreut^ French 8te. Croix-aux^Mines .
13 M. Markirch. — Hotels. Hotel NiBOBL, Lange-Str 86, V4M. from
the rail, statioii, commercial, very fair, B. 2-8. B. V^t ^- ^Vz? S. 2, omn.
Vs Jt\ HdTBL DBS VoBQBs. — Beer at Schttbtrfs, near the station, and the
Taveme Alsaeienne, by the H6tel Kspgel. — Diligence to Wissembach and
(16 M.) St. Di^, 4 times daily.
Markireh^ French 8te, Marie^aux-MincB (1180 ft.), the capital
of the valley, with 12,400 inhab., has considerable w6ol and cotton
factories. The once productive silver-mines have been lately re-
opened. The boundary between the French and German languages
formerly passed exactly through the middle of the town, the right
bank of the Leber or Liipvrette being German, the left French,
but it is now less strongly defined. The German-speaking portion
embraced the Reformation and was subject to the Counts of Rappolt-
steln, while the French inhabitants were Roman Catholic and under
the sway of the Dukes of Lorraine.
A pleasant Walk may he taken by the St. Di^ road (the bends may
be avoided by shortcuts) to the forester's honse of PflanztchuU (fair inn)
and (3 M.) the frontier (2600 ft. ; inn, with good red wine), and then to the
riebi, in a If. direction, along the frontier to (Vi M.) tbe CMteau de Fatte
(SSOO ft.), sitnated exactly upon tbe boundary-line, which commands a find
view of the valley of the Meurthe. and of St. Dl^ and its environs. — Tbe
limestone-quarries of (IVsM.) St. Philip^ in the gneiss rock, are interesting.
Fbom Habkibch to Bappoltswbilbb, IIV4 H., there is a good road
aseending to the right about 1/4 M. below the rail, station. The old road,
diverging to the left from the new, Vx ^- ^om Markirch, effects a con-
siderable saving. It first passes some cherry-trees and then leads genenJly
through a dale, rejoining the new road in about IVs H. Fine retrospect
of Markirch. The summit of the hill (1666 ft.) is about halfway. The
road then descends into the valley of the Strengbctch , and leads through
wood nearly the whole way to Bappoltsweiler. About IV2 M. from the
summit, and 3Vs ^- ^i^ Bappoltsweiler, a new road ascends to the right
(S.), to (3 M.) AUveier (p. 8i0). About Qi/s ^- farther on (1 M. ftom Bap-
poltsweiler) we reach tne entrance (1.) of the Dusenbach-Thal , through
which the three castles of Bappoltsweiler are easily reached in V4-I hr.
by a good path (eomp. p. 840).
Thb Ascbnt ov thb BbAzouabd, which may be accomplished from
Markirch In S-S^/shrs., is a very pleasant excursion. We follow the road
ascending the Leber-Thal to (V« hr.) Eekirch or Etchivy (1406 ft.), where
we turn to the left into the Bautn-Thah Farther on we twice turn to the
right at finger-posts marked ^Hai'cot" and ascend through wood to (2 hrs.)
the saddle and (6 min.) the farm of Haieot (rfmts.). In Vs hr. more we
reach the ridge connecting the two summits, whence the top is sained in
1/4 hr. The Br^sonard, Brestoir^ or BrUtekblUkel (4030 ft.), commands a most
extensive view over hiU and plain, including the Alps in clear weather.
~ The Br^zouard may also be ascended from AUweier (p. 34()) via the Drei-
bannstein, in 2i^hr8., or from Sehnierlaeh^ vi& the Grande Roche (red marks).
— DiedoUhausen (p. 842) is reached from the Br^souard either direct from
the summit over the Le Flat saddle (IVs hr.) or by turning to the right a
little below the W. summit, proceeding past the farm of HaYcot to the
Diedolthmuer HOhe (inn), and then following the shortcuts across the bends
of the road (2 hrs.).
Babdbkbb*8 Rhine. 16th Edit.
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338 BouUii, HOH-KONIGSBURG. The Upper
The UoH-KoNiosBUBG may be reaohed by road (shadelees) from
the station of 8t, Pill (p. 321); by a carriage-road from Weilerthal
(p. 336) tbrough the wood (5 M.) ; or by pleasant footpaths from
Kcitenholz (p. 336) and Wanzel (p. 336).
From the station of Rbstenholz (l-2^/t hrs. •, red marks) we may either
turn at once to the right along the main road, and then, in 5 min., to the
left by Uie gaide-post, or we may go through the Bronnbad park, skirting;
the N side of the Hahneaberg (comp. p. 336) and continuing past the forester's
house of Wiek^ which is about 1 hr. from the hotel. — The shortest route is
that from Wanzbl (red and white marks), which leads through woods the
whole way, twice crossing the Weilerthal road, after which we proceed
either direct to the rain (2 hrs.) by the 'Kaiser-wilhelm-Pfad\ or to the
hotel (I'A hr.).
About V2 ^^' below the top, on which are the ruins of an ancient
castle, is the Hoh-Konigsburg Hotel (R. 2 »# per day, board 2*2^2 •#
per week), commanding a view of the valley of the Rhine, the
slopes of the Vosges, and (In clear weather) the Alps. An easy path
leads from the hotel to the principal entrance of the castle.
The •Hoh-K6nigiburg (2475 ft.) , after Glrbaden (p. 329) the
largest castle in Alsace , was presented by the town of Schlettstadt
to Emp. William II. in 1899, and is now being thoroughly restored
At the public expense (^guide', 50 pf.). Its huge walls and towers
of sandstone, towering above the dark-green chestnut wood, are
strikingly picturesque. The W portion of the castle served for
purposes of defence, while the dwelling-rooms were in the E. part.
The principal entrance leads to a Court Yard^ from which we pass
through the round- arched Lotocn-T/ior to the Inner Quadrangle. The
imposing main building here (15th cent.) consists of four stories, the
lowest of which was the kitchen, the others the dwelling- rooms. The
platform of the E. tower commands a most extensive •View.
The castle is first mentioned in 774, as the *'SlopJMnhereh'' (i.e. Staufea-
berg). About 1147 it belonged to the Hohenstaufen family (p. 84i)^ later
it wa^ held in fee by the Counts of Werd, and in 1462 it was destroyed by
tbe Confederation of the Rhenish Towns (p. 282). Rebuilt in 1479. it
passed through the hands of various owners, and was again destroyed in
1933. this time by the Swedes. It subsequently belonged to the Sickingen
famUy until 1770.
From the Hoh-Konigsburg a red-marked path leads to the S.W.,
passing (20 min.) the forester's house of 5cMn«c£ (rfmts.) to the right,
which has been already visible from above, to (l-ll/4hr.) Tannenkirch
(1730 ft. ; Hotel Tanuchel), a scattered vUlage, lying at the foot
of the Tdnnehel (2955 ft. ; with curions rock-formations, and a fine
view). Ilappoltsweiler may be reaohed hence in i/4 hr. From the
fork, 3/4 M. from Tannenkirch we may proceed either to the right,
following the red marks past the castles (2 hrs.), or to the left via
the saddle of Renk direct to the town (U/* hr.).
From the rail, station of Rappoltsweiler (p. 321) a steam -tram
way (35, 25 pf.) runs to the town, 21/2 M. to the W.
Eappolts waller. — Hotels. 'Hotel db Kamcx, at the foot of the
main street, the nearest to the station, R. l»/2 Jf^ B. 60 pf.^O. incl. wine 2Vii
.«d by "L.00^,
Vo9ye$. RAPPOLTSWEILER. 44. Route 339
pens. 4-6 Jf^ good wine; Laui(, in the upper town, similar charges. —
*Cabo la-Bad, */* M. to the N.E. of the station (omn. 10 pf.), on ihe road
to Bergheim, a well-equipped bathing establishment, with excellent mineral
water (swimming-bath 80 pf.)i hotel -restaurant Q>ens. from 5 Jf)^ and
beautiful garden, also frequented by transient guests, closed from Oct. to
mid-May. — *Zahnack:er' is the best local wine.
Bappoltsweiler (locally called Rapperschwier) , French Ribeau-
viUi (820 ft.), an old cotton-manufacturing town, with 6100 inhab.,
and partly preserved walls of the 14-18th cent., lies at the entrance
of a short but beautiful valley , watered by the Strengbach , and
bounded by productive vineyards (p. 321). On the rocks above, to
the right, rise the * Three Castles* of the Counts of Rappoltstein, a
family often mentioned in the medisval history of Alsace.
The Count of Rappoltstein was the 'king' of all the musicians and
minstrels of the Upper Rhine, who recognised him as the head of their
brotherhood and paid him a yearly tax, while he in return extended to
them the benefit of his protection. Every year on 8th Sept. (which is
still the date of a local feast), these wanderers assembled at Rappolts-
weiler to celebrate a joyous festival, called the 'Pfeifertag\ On the aeath
of the last Count of Bappoltstein in 1673, this singular jurisdiction, along
with the title of 'king of the pipers', was conferred on the Countt- Palatine
of Birkenfeld (afterwards ZweibrHeken-Birken/eld), who were in the service
of France. Max Joseph, Duke of Pfalz-Zweibriicken, a colonel in the
French service (1777), and afterwards King of Bavaria (d. 1^), resided in
the ch&teau (now a school) down to 1782.
A long street, containing many fine old houses of the 15th and
16th centuries , intersects the town from E. to W. The Metzger-
ihurm^ in the market-place, is a remnant of the inner fortifications,
which once separated the adjacent parishes, now forming the town
of Rappoltsweiler. The Rathhaua contains an interesting collection
of goblets and other antiquities. Handsome fountain of 1536; farther
up a modern one, with a figure representing Alsatia, by Friedrich.
The Gothic Parish Church (R. 0.) was completed in 1473.
In order to visit the three castles, we take the red marks as our
guide, pass the choir of the Roman Catholic church, follow to the
left (finger-post) the walk in the Lutzelbach-ThcU, crossing the
stream, and then ascend to the right through the coppice. In i/4 hr.
we cross a footpath leading from the forester^s house of Lutzelbaeh
to Giersherg, and soon after the plain of the Rhine is disclosed to
view. About V2 ^» from the church we turn sharply to the left
(to the right a path to the Lutzelbach-Thal), and reach in V4 ^^'
more the ruin of Giersberg (i3th cent.), perched boldly on a
preeipitons cliff (1730 ft.). A fine path leads hence, past a bench
commanding a superb prospect, to (6 min.) the *St. Ulricbs-Borg
(1710 ft ; view), the most modem of the three castles, erected in
the i3th, and enlarged in the 15th cent., and abandoned since the
Thirty Years' War. It is remarkable for its artistic architecture,
best exhibited in the spacious ^Rittersaal', with its beautiful double
windows, surrounded by niches. From the entrance to the St. Ulrichs-
Burg a footpath leads to (25 min.) the saddle to the W. of the
highest point (hence to Tannenkirch, l^/ihr., see p. 338) and,
22*
340 BouU 44.
ALTWEIER.
The Upper
turning to the right, to (10 min.) Hoh-Bappoltstein (2046 ft.|^
with its lofty tower, constructed in the 14th cent, on the site of ad
earlier building, and affording a good view. — The best route fo(|
returning to Rappoltsweiler leads from the just-mentioned 8addl<|
(flnger-post) through the Du8€nbach-Thal, past the Duaenbach^
Capelle (pilgrimage - resort ; rftnts.), recently rebuilt from the
medisval remains, and along the Route de Galvairo (fine retrogpects^^l
to the (V4 hr.) Markirch road (p. 337), and by it to (1 M.) Rap-
poltsweiler.
From Bappoltbwbilbb to Katskssbbbo (6 M.j. The road leads I
throngb vineyards on the hillside to (iVs H.) Hunaweier (Rebstock, Traabe,
good wine at both), containing a church of the 15th cent., surrounded by
a wall and bastions. To the E. we obaerve the ancient Ztllenberff^ a
village and castle, al«o surrounded with a wall. About IVs M. beyond
Hunaweier we reach ■—
Beiehenwaier (Sirseh, Ooldene Oranate, good wine at both), a small
and ancient town with 1700 inhab., surrounded bv vineyards yielding ex-
cellent wine. Its walls and gates are among the nnest works of the kind
in Alsace, particularly the O&eWAor, on the W. side of the town, with its
double gateway. Kear the Oberthor is a fine Fountain^ of the 17th cen-
tury. The old CfUUeau of the Counts of Wiirttemberg-Mdmpelgart, to whom
the town was subject, is now a school. The town contains a number of
handsome private dwelling-houses, built in the 16th and 17th cent, in the
Gothic and Renaissance styles.
From Reichenweier to Kaif$er*berg (p. 841), 3 M.
Fbom RAPPOLTswBiLBfi TO Altwbibr, 6 M., diligence from
April to the end of September twice daily in 2 hrs. (2 Jf; down in
11/4 hr., 11/4 UT; carr. 6 uT 40, with two horses 12 Jf 80 pf.). The
road ascends the valley of the Strengbach, with the Rappoltsweiler
Oastles to the right and the ruin of BiUtein (2385 ft) to the left.
At the kUomfetre-stone 6.19 (reckoned from Markirch, p. 387), the
road to (2 M.) Altweier diyergea to the left. — Walkers may, with
advantage, diverge to the left by the new red-marked 'St. Morands-
weg', pass the forester's house of Barenhiitte (rfmts.), below the
Bilstein, and go on thence by the N. slope of the Seelburg to Alt-
weier in 3 hrs.
Altweier, French Aubure (2626 ft. ; H6t. du Bristouard^ B.
2-21/2, B. 1, D. 21/2, S. 2, pens. 4-6 uT, with baths; Ba/fner, plain;
also pensions), with 300 inhab. and two churches (Prot. and Rom.
Oath.), is the highest village in Alsace and is a popular summer-
resort. — The road is continued towards the S. Fine view on the
(i/s M.) ridge. The road to the left leads to (6 M.) Kaysersberg (p. 341)
and to (2 M.) Urbach (p. 342), that to the right to (1 M.) a Sanatorium^
pleasantly situated in a sheltered valley.
The Bb^zouabd may be ascended from Altweier, by quitting the i
at the last house in the village (fineer-post) 2^/4-2% hrs.), or by going af
far as the Sanatorium and then following the red-marked winding pa^
behind it. The latter (2Vr8 hrs.) affords the better views. The two "
converge at the forest-clearing of the Dreibannstein.
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Vosge9, KAYSERSBERG. 44. Route. 341
b. The WeisBthal. The Weisse and Schwarze See. Beisberg.
Stkah Tsamwat from Colmar to Sehnierlaeh^ 127s M., in li/s br. (fares
1 •<# 30, 90 pf. ^ prolongation to Urbeis in contemplation). Tbose wbo desire
to visit the lakes leave the tramway at Bschelmer and walk or take tbe
omnibos (thrice daily ^ 60 pf.) to (40 min.) Urbeis^ and then proceed on
foot (2 brs. direct, or 21/3 hrs. via the Schwarze See) to the Weisse See :
thence to the Schluchi (372-4 brs.)-
The Voages differ from most other mountainous regions in the facili-
ties which they afford for long walks along the crest of the hills without
fatiguing descents into intervening valleys. Such, for example, are the
walks firom the WHttt 8e« to the Sehhteht, from the Schlucht to the Hohn-
eek. and from the Hohneck to the Reinkopf (or to the Kahle Wasen, p. 346)
and to the Chroste Belchen (p. 849).
Colmctr, see p. 321. The tramway starts from tbe principal rail-
way station. 1 M. Logelbach (p. 344). Immediately after crossing
tbe Fecht we reach (2^/2 M.) Ingeraheim, whence a good road leads
vi4 Niedermorschweier to DreiJEhren (p. 345). — 4M. Kat%enthal.
5 M. Ammerschweier (820 ft. ; Zwei Sehliissei) , an old town
with IGOOinbab., and a number of interesting buildings , among
which may be named the late-Gothic parish - church , the Gothic
Kaufhaus (1538), the Renaissance Rathhaus (1652), and a fountain
of the 16th century. There are also several handsome dwelling-
houses of similar dates; and the walls and towers, of the 16th cent.,
particularly the Schelmenthurm of 1535, merit attention.
From Ammerschweier to the *Drei ^hren* (p. 346), 4*/t M. by road.
Walkers should take the path via the Meiweierer KdpfcliM and the Qolz
(p. 345).
The tramway next crosses the Weiss^ a tributary of the Fecht. —
51/2 Sigolsheim. The village, which lies V2 M. to tbe E., possesses
a fine late-Romanesque church, with interesting sculptures on the
portal; the tower over the cross is late-Gothic. Near Sigolsheim is
the so-called *Red Field', where tbe degenerate sons of Louis tbe
Pious took their father prisoner in 833, after they bad seduced bis
army from its allegiance. In consequence of this event tbe spot is
sometimes termed tbe *Liigenfeld' (i.e. field of lies).
6 M. Kienzheim is one of Hbree towns in one valley' (tbe
other two being Kaysersberg and Ammerschweier), mentioned in a
verse quoted by Merian (1663) as characteristic of Alsace along with
* three castles on one hill, and three churches in one churchyard'.
7 M. Kaysersberg (Zwei Schlussel, very fair ; Sonne ; Buffet)^ an
old town with 2800 inbab. and several cotton- factories, lies at the
point where tbe picturesque Weissthal contracts and is commanded
by the ruins of the ancient Kaiserburg^ tbe residence of tbe imperial
Landvogt of Alsace during the 13-14th cent., which was destroyed
during the Thirty Years' War (view from tbe platform). The town
was founded by Emp. Frederick II. of the Hohenstaufen family, who
were Dukes of Swabia and Alsace and were solicitous for tbe welfare
of their land. Tbe famous preacher John Oeiler (p. 309) was brought
up here. The ancient walls, tbe numerous quaint bouses of the 15-
16tb cent., and the old fountain (with inscription) combine to give
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
342 Route 44. URBEIS. The Upper
the to\vn a particularly pleasing air of antiquity. The handsome
Town Hall^ In the Renaissance style, dates from 1604. The spacious
Churchy dating from the 12th cent., but subsequently altered, poss-
esses a fine Romanesque portal, and contains a sculptured PietiL, of
the 15th cent., and a winged *Altar- piece, of the early 16th century.
The Sommerhaus (74 hr.), on a hill on the right bank of the Weiss,
commands an admirable view of the plain ; the Wetierkreuzy some-
what higher up, is another good point of view.
From Eaysersberg to DrH JBhrm (p. 345) a blae-marked path, made
by the Vosges Club, leads in 272 hrs. ; a shorter path, marked in yellow,
is more fatigaing and less attractive (!*/« hr.).
The steam-tramway skirts the S. side of the old town-wall of
Kaysersberg, and ascends on the right bank of the Weiss. 8V2 M.
Weihel. — 9V2 M. Alspach^ formerly a Clarissine nunnery, now a
factory. — 10 M. Urbctch. The village of that name, French Friland,
lies in a side- valley, U/2 M. to the right.
12 M. Egchelmer, French Hachimette (Grivel), just within the
bounds of the French-speaking district, which embraces the country
on the E. slope of the mountains , watered by the Weiss and its
tributary streams. Crossing the stream, we pass, 1/4 M. farther on, on
the left, the road (indicated by a finger-post) leading to Urbeis (see
below; omn. in connection with the mail-trains). The line ascends
the valley of the BSchine,
123/4 M. Schnierlach, French La Poutr&ye (Post; Krone, both
very fair), the present tramway-terminus, possessing considerable
cotton-factories. — To the S.W. of Schnierlach, beyond Oouttt, a
path ascends to the left to (1 hr.) the top of the FaudS(2bS^ ft.).
— From Schnierlach to the Weisse See (21/2 ^^s.) : the blue-marked
and shadeless path leads via Goutte to the saddle of Bermoni
(2105 ft.), and then via Remomont to (1 hr.) MatreUe, where it
joins the route from Urbeis (p. 343).
The road continues to ascend along the Bechine. 3 M. DiedoU"
hausen, French Le Bonhomme (2120ft.; H6t. des Lacs, R. 1-2,
D. 2V2 •^> Cheval Blanc, both very fair), with a new church,
21/2 M. from the French frontier (Col du Bonhomme, 3120 ft.), A red-
marked path (fine views) leads from Diedolshausen to (11/2-^^^8.)
the Weisse See.
From EsOHBLMEB (see above) we proceed towards the S.W., up
the valley of the Weiss, to (2 M.) Urbeis or Orhey (1676 ft. ; Cor-
neliua, R. 11/2-^ Ulf, very fair), a scattered mountain- village, with
various industries and a conspicuous new church. — At the
beginning of the village diverges a road to the left, ascending the
Tannacher- Thai (fine mountain-view) to the (7^/2 M.) Drei -fihren
(footpath shorter). — The road running to the S. from Urbeis and
then (1 M.) bending to the left ascends vi& Vnterhuttm to the Wc«-
ateinhoJie (2885 ft.) and then descends to the Schlucht road above
Sulzern (p. 346 ; Sulzern is IO72 M. from Urbeis).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
VoBges. W£ISS£ SEE. 44, RouU. 343
Most travellers pay a visit from Urbeis (or from Schnierlach) to
the two mountain-lakes, the Weisse See and the Scbwarze See,
which lie to the W. of it, nearly on the summit of the granite ridge
separating Alsace from Lorraine. — The direct, hut shadeless route
(blue marks) from Urbeis to the Weisse See diverges to the right in the
village, passes the 'Nouveau Martinet (forge), and follows the right
bank of the brook, vi& Basse Orange, to the hamlet of La Matrelle.
Hence we follow the blue-marked path from Schnierlach (p. 342), vill
Blane Rupt, We may cut off the last wide bend of the road by ascend'
ing direct to the left about 1^2 ^^* *^^t^ leaving Urbeis. — The
route via the Sehwarxe See (1 1/2-2 hrs.; to the Weisse See 23/4-3 hrs.)
is pleasantcr. We follow the above-mentioned Sulzern road for 1 M.
and then take the road to the right, which passes (1 M.) the old
Cistercian abbey of Pairis (2130 ft.), the extant portions of which
have been converted into a hospital (Romanesque chapel). In
25 min. more we reach the edze of the wood, whence a steep foot-
path to the left ascends to (72 hr.) the Schwarze See. The road
runs to the N., ascends in a sharp curve, and then (2 M.) forks. The
branch to the right leads to the Weisse See and along its E. bank
to (2 M.) the hotel. The left branch leads to (8/4 M.) the refuge-
hut on the Schwarze See, on the S. bank of which we may ascend
(steep) to (60 min.) the Sulzemer Eck (see below).
The*WeiSBe See, or Lac Blanc (3450 ft.), which derives its name
from the quartz at the bottom, is about 3 M. in circumference; it
is bounded on two sides by lofty precipices, and on a third by huge
masses of granite piled together. High over its N. end stands the
H6UI zum Weissen See (3680 ft. ; R. 2, B. 3/4, D. 2% pens. 6 Jf,
more in the season ; telephone to Urbeis). — The Schwarze See, or
Lac Noir (3116 ft.), about half the size of the other, lies only 3/4 M.
to the S., but the two lakes are separated by a huge wall of granite.
The discharge of the two lakes forms the Weiss.
On the W. side of the lakes rises the Beisberg (4176 ft.), the
northernmost eminence of the range called Les Hautts Chaumes^
which extends to the Schlucht (about 9 M. ; fine mountain-walk of
3V2-^lirs.). The ridge, along which runs the boundary of Alsace,
may be attained from the Weisse See Hotel in about 20 minutes.
The view extends over the Vosges, a great part of Lorraine, the
Black Forest, and the entire plain of the Rhine. The path (numerous
guide-posts) keeps mainly on the German side of the boundary.
Beyond the boundary-stone 2772, about 40 min. from the hotel, is
a finger-post indicating (1.) the (V4 hr.) 8ee-Kan%el ('Pnlpit'), com-
manding a view of both lakes. At the Sulzemer Eck (4272 ft.; stone
2779) a survey is obtained to the S. of the Munster-Thal, with the
Swiss Alps in the distance. Farther on we pass the Taubenklang^
fels or Roche du Oazon de Faing (stone 2782) and the Bingbuhlkopf
or Oazon d/t Fatte (4270 ft.; stone 2786). Beyond stone 2789 a path
leads to the left to the Sulzemer See (to Sulzern 2 hrs., comp.
Digitized by VjOOQ
344 BouU 44. TtTRKHEIM. The Uper
p. 346). We now traverse a low wood of beech and pine, and about
50 paces to the left obtain a view of the Sulzemer See or Daaren^See
(3425 ft.), a small, pine-girt mountain-lake, 416 acres in area. At
the TanneekfelSj or Boehe du Panel (4243 ft. ; stone 2800), we have
our last retrospect of the lake. At stone 2816 a path leads to the
left to (40 min.) the H6t. Altenberg (p. 346). From this point we
reqnire Vs ^^v passing the J^roppcn/e/d (4115 ft.; stone 2826), to
reach the Schlucht (see p. 346).
c. From Colmar to Kuniter and Ketseral. The Sehluelit.
16Vi H. Railway to (12 M.) MUmter in */i br. (fares 1 UT 60, 1 UT 10,
65 pf.)i to (15Vs M.) Metstal in I1/4 hr. (fares 2 JT, 1 UT 40, 85 pf.).
To the W. of Colmar (p. 321) opens the fertile *M&nst6r-Thal,
formerly called the St. Gregorien-Thal, watered by the FechU Its in-
habitants , most of whom are Protestants , carry on manufactures
of various kinds and cattle-farming. Jhe ^Munster cheese' resembles
the highly-esteemed Oamembert.
The line skirts the Logelbaeh, an old canal, conducted from the
Fecht at Turkheim, on which numerous cotton-manufactories are
situated. 2 M. LogeJJbach (p. 341), with a small modern-Gothio
church. In the plain between Colmar- and Tilrkheim, on 5th Jan.,
1675, Turenne surprised and signally defeated the German imperial
army, which had gone into winter-quarters here. This decisive
engagement drove the Germans across the Rhine and effectually
expelled them from Alsace.
33/4 M. T&rkheim (775 ft. ; Deux Clefs, a picturesque old house,
R. IV4-2, I>. IV2-2V2, pens, from 31/2 UJf, with wine-room ; Boll,
at the town-gate, very fair; CerfBlane, nearest the station), an old
town with 2500 Inhab., still almost entirely surrounded by walls
and towers. One of the best wines of Alsace is yielded by the neigh-
bouring vineyards (comp. p. 321).
On the other side of the valley, 1 M. to the S.E. of stat. Turkheim
and 3 M. from Colmar (steam- tramway in 1/4 br. ; 40, 26 pf.) , lies the
village of Winzenheim (Meyer, well spoken of 1 Storch), trom which a visit
may be paid to the ruins of Hohlandshurg ana Pflixburg. A footpath, not
to be mistaken, issuing from the W. end of the village, aseends in 1 hr.
to the ruin of Hohlandtburg (2055 ft.), consisting of little more than the
outer walls of an extensive castle, which was destroyed by the French In
1635. Fine view. In returning we may either proceed by the Plixburff or
by a direct and easy path to stat. 8t. Oilgen (p. 345), or, taking the direc-
tion indicated by the finger-post on the S. slope of the Hohlandshurg,
I^ass mostly through wood to (3 M.) the ruins of the Drei-Exen (p. 323).
Fbom TCbkhbim to Dbei yEnBEN, 572 ^"i electric railway in
8/4 hr. (fare 1 ujf , down 50 pf., there and back 1 UJf 20 pf.). The
line follows the highroad for about half the distance, then traverses
the Tilrkheim Wood, and at the top reaches the Niedermorschweior
road (p. 341). — Pedestrians (II/4 hr.) follow the road to the W.,
up the valley, for about IV4M., and then take the shorter footpath
to the right. ^ .
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Vosgts. MONSTER. 44, Route, 345
Brei JEhxen, Frencli Notre Dame des TroU ^Uj German Vnsere
Liebe Frau zu den drei jEhren (1910 ft.; Hdtel de' Trois Boia, with
terrace; Hdtel des Trois ^pisy pens, at each 5-7 Jf; Notre Dame,
plainer; BeHevue, with view, very fair), is a village and resort of
pilgrims, on the hill to the W. of Tiirkheim. Its picturesque situa-
tion and salubrious air have rendered this spot a favourite summer-
resort. The village consists of an unpretending Gothic church, con-
taining a number of votive tablets, with a few houses adjacent.
The *View embraces the lower Miinster-Thal towards the S., the
E. slopes of the Yosges, the plain of the Rhine as far as the Black
Forest, and the distant Alps to the S. To the W. of the village is
the Belvedere,
A more extensive view, especially towards the N. , is gained from the
Galz (2400 ft), 1/2 br- to the K.E. (finger-post behind the Hdt. Trois Epis).
— The Orosse ffohnack (3216 ft), 2VsM. to the S.W. of Drei Mhren (finger-
post at the W. end of the village), also commands a pleasing view, with
the Miinster-Thal in the foreground, and opposite, on the K., the Kleine
Bohnack (3016 ft), crowned with the ruins of a castle restored in the 13th
cent and destroyed in 1665. — From Drei ^hren to the lakes (p. 3AB),
passing between the two Hohnacks , 4V8 hrs. ; by Hohrodherg to Miinster
(see below) 3>/a hrs. j to Ammerschweier IVihr., to Urbeis 2V» hrs.
Drei ^hren may also be reached by pleasant routes from Ingersheim
(p. 341), Ammerschweier (p. 341), and Eaysersber^ (p. 341).
5V4 M. 8t. Qilgen; 61/4 M. Walbach. — 8 M. Weier im Thai
(1013 ft.; good inn at the station), about 1 M. to the S. of which
is a small bath-establishment near the small and ancient town of
8ulzbaeh. (From Sulzbach to the Kahle Wasen, 4 hrs., see below.)
The village of Weier im Thai, with a conspicuous new church,
lies 1 M. to the N. of the station, and is commanded by the pilgrim-
age-chapel of Hei^/pfcretis. — 10 M. Ounsbachy with a large cotton-
factory, at the foot of the Schlosswald (see below). The train then
crosses the Fecht to —
12 M. Konster (1256 ft. ; Orand-Hotel Miinster, near the station,
R. 1V2-^V2» ^' ^A* P®"8. 5-6 Jf, with garden; Storch), a manu-
facturing town with 6100 inhab., situated at the base of the Monchs-
berg (Hot. Monchsberg, R. li/2, D. 2 Jf, well spoken of) at the union
of the KUinthal (p. 346) with the Grossthal (see p. 346). The place
owes its origin to a Benedictine abbey founded here by King Childeric
about 660, and in the 13th cent it was a free town of the German
Empire. Numerous modern buildings, among which the handsome
Protestant church (in the Romanesque style) and the theatre are
conspicuous, testify to the prosperity of the town.
The Sehloiiwaldy IV4 M. to theE., an eminence laid out in pleasure-
grounds, and crowned by the ruin of Bchwartenburg^ is open to the public.
•View.
Fbom MfiNSTSR TO TUB Eahlb Wasbn, 3 hrs. The path (finger-post at
the station; farther on red and white marks) winds upward to the f^^rc/M,
a ditch or trench filled with water, which it skirts, to the right, as far
as the Voltaire Oak. Here it joins the road from Luttenbach (p. 8i6), which
we now follow (avoiding the wide curve by shortcuts), via the Rieth
dairy (rfmts.), where a path to Sulzbach diverges on the left, tu the
346 Route 44, SOHLUOHT. The Upper
gV«-2V2 liM.) dairy of Kahlenwaten (inn). Thence to the top, Va Iw- The
ahle Waten, or Kleine Belchen (4160 ft.)* commands a view of the Miinster-
Thai and the Lanchthal. In June the mountain is covered with a carpet
of Vosges violets (Viola elegans). — The descent is made to (2-3i/s hrs.)
Lautenbaeh (p. 348), by a path indicated by red and white marks leadins
via BSnles Grab (2840 ft. ; inn), or we may go from the dairy-house via
the Steinberg to the forester's house of Lattem (red rectangle with yellow
disk), and by the road through Landerdtach to M§tz$rul Q). 84*0 in 21/4-21^ hrs.
— A fine walk of 6-7 hrs. may be taken by following the ridge toward*
the W. to the Klintkopf (4365 ft. 5 *View) and proceeding to the 8. to the
Grosse Belchen (p. 349).
The train tarns to the S.W. and ascends the Orossthal, which is
watered by the Fecht. — From (12^2 M.) Luitenbach the above-
mentioned road leads to the dairy on the Kahle Wasen. — i^^/4 M.
Breitenbach; 14 V2 M. MUhlhach. — 151/2 M. Metzeral (1670 ft.),
see p. 347.
The Road from MtiNSTSB thbouoh the Schlucht (10 Y2 M. ;
omnibus to Altenberg from June to end of Sept. 2 uff 80 pf., in the
reverse direction iJfQO pf. ; carr. for 2 pars. 12, carr.-and-pair20ulf)
ascends the KleirUhal towards the N. W. The distance to the frontier
is 11 M., which may be accomplished in this direction in S-S^/ahrs.
At (2 M.) Stossweier (Schlucht Inn ; H6t. Hittelbach, above the village)
the road turns towards the N. to (I74 M.) Sulzem, and ascends the
hill in a long curve. At the N. angle of this bend, V/2 M. from
Miinster, a road to (91/2 M.) Urbeis (p. 342) diverges to the right.
The road continues to ascend through line wood.
Pbdbstbians cross the stream at a saw -mill 2^4 M. beyond
Stossweier (see above), follow its left bank to Ampfersbach and
Schmelzwasen ^ and regain the (3 hrs.) road about 1 M. below the
Schlucht. Or they may select the attractive route from Schmelzwasen
via the 8tolze Abla?t and the Hohneck (5-6 hrs. ; comp. the Map).
About 972 M. from Miinster and 11/2 M. from the top of the
pass, above the road to the right, stands the new *H6tel Altenherg
(3600 ft.), a comfortable house with electric light, hot-air heating,
and baths, open in summer only (R. 21/2-672? B- ^ V2' ^- '^j S. 3Uf;
rooms should be ordered in advance). Adjacent is a restaurant for
passing tourists (D. I72 ^). Fine ylew of the Miinster-Thal. Plea-
sant walks ascend through the woods at the back of the hotel to the
Krappen-Fels and the top of the pass.
From this point onward the road is cut through the granite rocks,
and a few hundred paces below the summit it passes through a
tunnel.
The ♦Schlucht, French Col de la Schlucht (3736 ft.) , a pictur-
esque mountain-pass, surrounded by precipitous rocks and beau-
tiful pine-forest, lies between the Lundenbuhl or Montabec (4125 ft.)
on the S. and the Spittenfelskopf (iiib ft.) on the N., two heights of
the Central Vosges Mts. The summit of the pass forms the boundary
between Germany and France. On the German side are a house in
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Voages. METZERAL. 44. Route. 347
the 'Swiss Chalet' style, and a modest inn, and on the French side
is the popular Hdtel de la Schluchi,
From the chalet a good clnh-path, passing the QuellenfelSy
ascends to the left to (1 1/4 hr.) the summit of the *Hohneck (4465 ft. ;
Inn in summer). The view (mountain-indicator) extends far beyond
the Vosges Mts., embracing the plain of the Rhine as far as the Black
Forest, the Jura and the Alps towards the S., and the French Depart-
ment of the Vosges towards the "W. In the foreground towards the
E. is the beautiful Miinster-Thal, towards the W. the valley of Gerard-
iner with the Retoumemer and Longemer lakes. The Hohneck is
also of great interest to the botanist.
On the summit is a finger-post pointing to the Schlucht on the
N.W. and theFischbSdle on the S.E. Proceeding in the latter direction,
we pass Schietsrotkried (refreshments) , where a pond has recently
been dammed in, and reach the (11/2 l^r) *Fi8chbddle^ a small lake,
well stocked with trout, surrounded by wild rocks, and probably the
moraine of an ancient glacier once occupying the Wolmsa'ThcU.
From the Fischbcidle to Metzeral IV2 ^^' (* beautiful walk, seen to
greatest advantage in ascending).
Metzeral (Railway Hotel^ by the station, plain ; Sonne^ unpretend-
ing but comfortable), with 1600 inhab., lies at the union of the two
streams which form the Fecht. — To the Fischbodle, see above.
From Mbtzebal to the Grossb Belchen (red marks ; 7-7V2 hrs). We
ascend the valley by the road to (ca. 1 hr.) the forester s house of fferren-
lerg; then traverse a pretty wood, past the Herrenberg dairy, to the (2 hrs.)
ridge, along which runs a good track made by the Vosges Club. This
we follow to the left, past the dairies of OrosS'ffa7inen1)runnen (rfints.) and
Markstein (rfints.) \ IV2 M. beyond the latter we join the *Pionier-Weg' from
Lauchenweiher, and pursue it to the foot of the Grosse Belchen (See-Sattel).
A footpath finally leads to the inn at the top (p. 349).
Fbuh Metzbkal to "Wildknstein (p. 351), 4 hrs. We mount to the ridge
above the dairy of Herrenberg (see above), and proceed thence to (174-lV2hr.)
Wildenstein (finger-posts) by a rugged and often steep path. — The attractive
ascent of the Bothenbachkopf (4305 ft.) may be combined with the passage
to Wildenstein by making a digression of l-iy* hr. On the ridge we
follow the club-path to the right (not to the left, as for the Grosse Belchen),
later again diverging to the right and thus reaching the pointed top
(extensive view of the Miinster-Thal, etc.). We may descend either by the
ridge a** we came, or by the frontier-wall as far as the dairy of Rothen'
bacfihof, whence a club-path leads to Wildenstein (comp. p. 351).
d. From BoUweiler to Lantenbach. Orosse Belchen.
8 M. Railway in S/4-I hr. (fares IjT 20, 75, 50 pf.).
BoUweiler y see p. 324. The line traverses a fertile district. — 3 M.
Obersuh^ a town of 4400 inhab., with silk- factories, contains an
unpretending but tasteful parish-church, chiefly in the Gothic
style, with a lofty tower above the crossing, begun in 1278, and
finished in the 14th and 15th centuries. To the left near Gebweiler
are several modern houses in the Gothic style.
From Obersulz there is omnibus connection, via Jungholt^ with 8t, Anna
(1630 ft. 5 1 hr.) with has lately come into vogue as a health-resort (Hfttel-
Pension Schuller, very fair).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
348 ^oute 44. GEBWEILER. The Upper
4V2 ^' Oebweiler (926 ft. } Engel, at the station ; Ooldene Kanone)^
with 13,300 inhab., situated at the entrance to the LauchthcU, is an
important manufacturing place, the products of which are cotton goods,
cloth, sugar, and machinery. The road from the station leads straight
to the Neue Kirche, a handsome building in the Renaissance style of
the 18th cent., erected in 1759 by the Prince- Abbots of Murbach,
when they transferred their residence to Qebweiler. The main
street leads to the right past the late- Gothic Ratkhaus to the
^Parish Church (SULeodegar), a fine example of the Transition style,
begun in 1182, and lately restored. It possesses double aisles, a
transept , three towers of unequal height , and a fine Romanesque
porch occupying the whole breadth of the W. front. The choir is
Gothic. The sculptures on the W. central portal merit inspection.
One of the best wines of Alsace (*Kitterle*) is produced near Gebweiler.
A good path, indicated by red and white marks, beginning at theW.
end of Gebweiler (iV4 M. from tbe station), ascends vi& the saddles otPstemU
(1845 ft.) and MUmUrdckerle (2150 ft.) and tbe refuge-hut on tbe monntain-
paature known as Judenhuiplan to (3V2-4 hrs.) the Belehen (p. 349).
51/2 M. Heissenstein (1015 ft.), the upper station for Gebweiler.
— The railway ascends the pretty Lauchthal , passing the ruin of
Hugstein, — 7 M. Biihl (1115 ft.).
At Biihl the road from Gebweiler enters the valley of the Murb€Kh^
passes the H61. Wolff (good), and leads S. to the (2 M. from Bdhl station)
Romanesque Abbey Church of Hurbach. This Benedictine Abbey, founded
by Duke Eberhard of Swabia in 727, became one of the most powerful on
the Upper Rhine, and possessed extensive domains, in which three towns
(including Gebweiler) and thirty villages were situated. It was presided
over by an abbot of princely rank, who bor.e as his device a black grey-
hound (^haughty as the Murbach hound^ was a medieeval saying). The
church, of which the nave has disappeared, was consecrated in 1139, and
ranks, like that of Maursmunster (p. 327), as one of the oldest and finest
Romanesque buildings in Alsace. The S. transept contains a handsome
Gothic tombstone of the 13th century. The house to the left, about
50 paces beyond the archway across the road, with its groundfloor borne
by Romanesque columns, is an inn.
The Belehen is ascended from Murbach in 3 hrs. by a path crossing the
brook to the left above the church and joining the *Neuweg\ which leads
to the Judenhutplan (see above).
The terminus of the railway is (8 M.) Lauteribach (1300 ft. ;
Weisses Lamm), a large industrial village, with ootton and thread
factories. In the neighbourhood is the Chapel of St. Gangolf, Opposite,
on the right bank of the Lauch, is the village of Lautenbach-ZeU,
From Lautbnbach to thb Grossb Belchbn, 33/4-4 hrs. This
Is the pleasantest ascent from the Lauchthal. We follow the road
up the valley to the (50 min.) forester's house of Sdgmatten, whence
we ascend the track (red and white marks) through the woods, to
the left, to the piles of cut timber. Here we again bear to the left
past the (1 hr.) falls of tbe Seebach, and continue along the left
bank of the stream, crossing it above the falls, and then following
the right bank until we reach the Belchensee (3236 ft ; 35 min.), pic-
turesquely situated at the foot of the peak. Skirting the W. side of
the lake, we gradually climb to the (50 min.) See-StUtelj between
Digitized by VjOOQ
Voiges. THANN. 44. Route. 349
the Storkenkopf on the "W. and the Belchen on the E. ; and then,
crossing the *Pionier-Weg\ "we round the N. side of the peak, and
reach (i/o hr.) the tv ell-kept Belchenhaus, belonging to the Vosges
Cluh (10 rooms with 16 beds, telephone to Gebweiler; meteoro-
logical station). This is 5 min. below the peak of the *Gro88e Bel-
chen, French Ballon de Soultz ("4680 ft), the highest point of the
Yosges, commanding a wide panorama (mountain-indicator). In clear
weather the Alps, from the Sentis to Mont Blanc, are plainly visible.
For travellers wishing to continue their walk farl^er 8. the descent
to St: Amarin is recommended (red marks ^ 1^/4 hr.; see p. 350).
e. From Mdllianseii to Wesserling.
20Vs M. Railway in IVs hr. (fares 2 JT 80, 1 JT 90, 1 UT 20 pf.).
MiUhauseny see p. 324. This railway connects the main line
with the important manufacturing places in the St. Amarin-Thal,
the industrious valley of the Thufj and opens up to visitors an
exceedingly picturesque tract of country. — 2 M. Dornoch; 4 M.
Lutterbaeh (823 ft.), see p. 324 ; 91/2 M. Sennheim (854 ft.), Fr.
Cemay (Bornot ; Zwei Schlussel), where a branch-line diverges to
Oewenheim and Masmiinster and Sewen (see p. 351).
121/2 M. Thann (1096 ft. ; H6t. da Voyageuri, at the rail, station,
veil spoken of ; Zwci Schlussel ; Restaurant Pointet, with garden,
Mnnich beer; good wine at the Weisser Bdr)^ a town with 7600 in-
hab., a large chemical manufactory, and thriving machinery, cotton,
and silk factories, is picturesquely situated at the mouth of the
narrow valley of the Thur, the mountains enclosing which are covered
with wood on their upper, and vineyards on their lower slopes. The
*Church of St, Theobald, the choir (1351-1421) of which is first
visible in approaching from the station, is a gem of Gothic architec-
ture. Its bold and elegant open tower, begun in 1430 and com-
pleted in 1516 by Meister Remigius Walch (inscription on the spire
at the top) , is one of the finest specimens of later Gothic. The
handsome double portal on theW. side also deserves attention. The
interior is adorned with carved work of the 16th cent., Gothic
stained glass, and a fine painting, of the school of Martin Schon-
gauer, of Christ amid several apostles. — The church is seen to ad-
vantage from the Engelburg, a castle crowning an eminence on the
left bank of the Thur (which is crossed by two bridges), and com-
manding the town and entrance to the valley. (The route to the
castle diverges to the right from the main street, opposite the
church.) The overthrown tower of the castle, which was destroyed
by Turenne in 1674, somewhat resembles a huge cask. The district
to the E. of the Engelburg yields the ^Rangener wine', which is
mentioned by the German historian Miinster as early as 1550. —
The Staufen (1690 ft.), 1 V2 M. from Thann, is a fine point of view.
Fbom Thann to thb Gbossb Bblchbn, 5 hrs., by an easy and attractive
route. Starting from the rail, station, we proceed to the K., crossing the
350 Route 44. WESSERLING. Tht Upper
Thur and ascending the Kattehbaeh-Thal^ via the Patteten-Plate, to OVf^rs.)
the ThomaruM-Platx (2982 ft.), whence a visit may be made, to the left, to
the (4 min.) Otteinfels, commanding a splendid view of the Belchen. From
the Thomanns-Platz we ascend in Va hr. to the Molkenrain (3690 ft. ; wide
view), and thence in the same direction to the dairy of Freunditein (rfmts.),
and, passing below the rain of the same name, to the (ii/fbr.) Ftrttacker^
the saddle between the Sudel (3310 ft.) and the Belchen. Finally we traverse
the flat pastures on the ridge to the BelchenhUtte (rfmts.) and the (I-IV4 hr.)
BdcTunhaut (p. 349).
Fbosi Thank to St. Auasin ob Hasmdnstks (red and white marks as
far as the Rossberg). We keep to 1 the W. over the three saddles N<g>oleont'
Fiatz^ Dieboldtcherer^i Ebene^ and HundtrUcken ; then proceed to the N.W.
to the (2Vi brs.) Mittlere Rossberg - ffHtte or Kolbs^HHtte (2962 ft.; rfmts.),
situated between the Rossberg (3906 ft.) on the left and the Thanner HUbel
(3876 ft. ; ascent recommended in clear weather) on the right. We then
ascend to the ridge of the Bossbere and proceed along the ^Hanptronte^ (see
below) either to the K. to (2 hrs.) St. Amarin, or to the S. to (2Vs l^'s.)
McumUmUr,
I41/2 M. BitschweiUr, 15 V2 M. WeiUr (1215 ft.), two industrial
villages, with modern Gothic charches. — The line now skirts the
left bank of the stream. 17^2 M. MooscK
18^2 M. St. Amarin (1390 ft.; Ooldener Lowt, very fair; JTdm-
merlin)^ one of the most ancient places in the valley, to which it
has given its name.
Thb Orossb Belghbn (p. 349) is ascsnded from St. Amarin by a pretty,
shady path (marked red) in 2^/4 hrs.
Fbom St. Amabin to ]Llsu6n8tbb, 6^1/2 hrs. by the 'Hanptronte' (red
marks) of the Vosges Club. We leave the station, cross the Thur, and
ascend the B. slope of the Hirschbachkopf to the Drei-MarkitHn (2493 ft.)-,
then throueh wood, in about 2 hrs., to the meadow of the Belacker dairy
(rfmts. •, l^^hr. to the W. is the Stemsee-Sattel, mentioned below). Proceed-
ing via the Falkensteine or Vogelsteine (3870 ft. \ superb view from the rocks),
and continuing along the ridge, we reach the Rossberg (3906 ft.) in 1 hr. We
next pass the ffmtere and the Vordere ffirzensteia (dSdO ft \ good view) and
descend through the Willerbach-Thal to (2 hrs.) MasmUnster (p. 351). — The
Hittlere Rossberg-Hutte (see above) lie^ about Vthr. to the £. of the Vogel-
steiae, in the direction of Thann.
2OV2 M. Weiserling (1433 ft. ; H6tel de Wesserling, near the
station, very fair), a place of modern origin, built partly on what
was once the moraine of a huge glacier, Is a colony of extensive
cotton-factories, with numerous pretty villas and well-kept pleasure-
grounds (between the station and the hotel, beyond the bridge).
Carriage to Wildenstein in 1 1/4 hr., 8 Jf,
On the W. slope of the range separating Alsace from Lorraine, immed-
iately beyond the Col de Bussang (2362 ft.), which is traversed by the road
to Remircmont, 2-2Vshrs. from Wesserling, the Moselle takes its rise. On
the top is a tunnel about 300 paces in length, with a boundary-stone in
the middle; some 300 yards beyond the tunnel, to the left of the road,
is the source of the Moselle.
FnoM Wessebling to Obebbbdck (6 hrs.). About i'/iM. from Wesserling,
on the road to the Col de Bussang, lies the village of Urbis (1476 ft. ; Couronne),
11/4 M. beyond which, to the left, opens the BrUckenbatih'Thal^ through which
we ascend to ^U hrs.) the Stemsee-SaUel (3606 ft.). Thence, skirting the
basin of the Sternsee (3?30 ft.), which lies far below, we proceed along a
lev-el path, past the Obere Bers Dcdry^ to the N^weQur^ two little lakes in
an imposing setting (2703 ft). Following the outflow of these, we reach
(2 hrs.) Oberbruck (p. 351). — From the ubere Bers a route leads along the
frontier on the crest of the hill to the Welsohe Belchen (p. 352), in 2i^hrs.
Vosges. WILDENSTEIN. 44. Route. 351
From Wbssbbling to Wildbnstbin, 7 M., a pleasant route for
pedestrians (railway to KrQt projected). A good road ascends the
picturesque valley of the Thur, passing through the thriving villages
of Felleringen(OQhBB, very fair), Oderen (L5we ; Adler), and (2V4 M.)
Kruty a resort of pilgrims.
About IV2M. beyond Krut, and the same distance below Wilden-
stein, suddenly rises the Scklossberg ^ an isolated and precipitous
wooded eminence, on the S. side of which stand the ruins of Wilden-
atein (restaurant in summer). This stronghold formerly belonged to
the Abbey of Murbach (p. d4i3), by which it was surrendered during
the Thirty Years' War to Marshal Oaumont de la Force. In 1644 it
was taken and destroyed by General von Erlach, the commander of
the Weimar troops. Fine view.
Wiideiistein (1968 ft., Sonne), the highest village in the St.
Amarin-Thal, is almost entirely shut in by rocky heights.
A good path leads from Wildenstein to the Rothenbachho/ and the Roiken-
baehkopf (p. 347). Thence a pleasant walk along the crest of the hills, either
to the N. via the Beinkopf and the Hohneck (p. 347) to the Behiueht (p. 346)
in 41/2-5 hrs., or to the S. to the Grosse Belchen (p. 349).
From Wildenstein across the Herrenberg to Metzeral in 4V8 hrs., see
p. 347.
t From Sennlieim to Sewen. — Welsche Belohen.
I7V2M. Baxlwat from Sennheim to Sewen in ca. IVshr.
Sennheim, see p. 349. — The line runs to the S. vl4 (3 M.)
Aspach, at the entrance of the DoUer-Thal, crosses the Doller^ and
continues along Its right bank to (5 M.) Bumhaupt, (7 M.) Qewen-
heimj and (9M.) Sentheim, It then crosses to the left bank. 10 Y2^*
Aue. — 12 M. Magmtixister, Fr. Massevattx (1316 ft.; Adler), an old
town with 4000 inhab., the principal place in the Doller-Thaly a
picturesque valley, with imposing ramifications.
From Hasmunster, via the Bossbei^, to Thann or St. Amarin^ see p. 350.
138/4 M. Niederbruck; i6M, Kirchberg-Wegscheid. — I6V4 M.
Oherhruck (Sternsee), at the entrance to a side-valley on the N., the
road through which leads to (I8/4 M.) Rimhach (Krone).
From Bimbach we may aseend to the Sternsee (p. 350) in !>/> hr.
171/2 M. Sewen (Krone, very fair; Hirsch), the terminus of the
line and the best starting-point for the ascentof the Welsche Belchen.
We follow the road from the station to the beginning of the
village, and, after crossing the Seebach, continue along the road
ascending on the right bank. At a finger-post we take the foot-
path to the right, which leads past the Sewensee and the Hohlenbach-
fdlle (finger- post) to the (1 hr.) Alfeldsee (2618 ft. ; inn at the
keeper's), the largest of the reservoir-lakes in the Yosges, situated
amidst imposing surroundings. We go on by the road on the S.
side of the lake until we come to (8/4 M.) an ascending path on
the left (splendid glimpses of the precipices of theJBelchen). In
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352 RouU46. BRUOHSAL.
13/4 hr. more we reach the ridge, wMch forms the frontier, and strike,
on the French', side, the highroad that runs from Belfortto St. Maurice.
From the Hdtel du Ballon (very fair), which lies to the right, we
ascend in i/2 hr. to the top of the Welsche Belchen or Batton d' Alsace
(4083 ft. ; inn at the farm below the summit). The view (mountain
indicator) is magnificent, especially in the direction of Belfort; to
the N.W. it is somewhat limited by the Ballon de Strvance (3900 ft),
which is strongly fortified.
We return to the Hdtel da Ballon, and descend tbe road as far as the
^ustom-hoose, where we turn io tbe left by tbe footpath to tbe frontier.
A footpath to the rigbt, before we reach the latter, leads over the frontier
ridge to the Barenhopf (3518 ft.; wide view) and the Budel (2998 ft.). — From
tbe B'arenkopf we may descend vi& Niederhruck or from tbe Sudel, vi& tiie
0asthaus8chimmel(yeTj fair; frequented as a summer-resort), toHasm&nster.
— From tbe Welsche Belchen a route leads along; the crest of the hill to the
dairy of Obere Bert and the Stemsee-Battei (p. 80O).
45. From Heidelberg to Baden.
57Va M. Railway in 2-3 hrs. (fares 7 UT 70, 5 UT 15, 8 UT 20 pf. ;
express, 8 Ul^ 70, 6 Ul^ 15 pf.)- Carriages generally changed at Oos, the
junction for Baden.
Heidelberg J see p. 264. 2^2 ^* Kirehheimi 3^2 M. Leimen;
5 M. St. Ilgen ; 68/4M. WaUdorf-Nussloch, 9 M. Wiealoch, junction for
localraUway8toMecke8heim(12M.;p.276)andWaldangelloch(10M.).
The village is 8/4 M. from the line. — 12 M. Both-McUsch; I3V2M.
Mingolsheim. Before reaching Langenbriicken, we pass, on the right,
Kislau, formerly a hunting-seat of the Prince-Bishops of Speyer, and
now a penitentiary for women. 15 M. Langenbrucken (360 ft.^ Ochs ;
Bonne), a small village with sulphur-baths (^.malienbad); 17i/2 Vbstadt,
2OV2 M. Brnchsal (370 ft. ; *Bail, Restaurant, at the back of the
station; H6tel KelUr, near the station, R. 2-3 UT; H6ta Postj in
the town, with vine-restaurant, very fair ; Bestanarant Hohenegger'jf
a town with 13,600 inhab., was once the residence of the Bishops
of Speyer, whose *Schlos8, built in 1722-70 and elegantly fitted up
and adorned with stucco-ornamentation by J. M. Feichtmeier and
frescoes by Zlck, merits a visit. The large red sandstone castellated
building to the left of the line is a Prison. The Church of 8U Peter
contains the burial-vault of the last bishops. The War Monnmentj
commemorating the campaign of 1870-71, is in the German Renais-
sance style. — Bruchsal is the junction for the Wurtemberg line ;
comp. Baedeker's Southern Germany .
FaoM Brdohsal to Gsrmershbim, 16 M., railway in >/4-l*/i bv. (fares
2 ur 80, 1 ur 90, 1 ur 20 pf.). stations: 2i/s M. KarUdorf; 67s M. Oraben-
Ntudorf i^. 279)} 9 M. Buttenh^mf 11 M. PMl^psburg; 13 H. RheinshHm.
The train then crosses the Rhine. — i% H. Oermersfieimy see p. 298.
On the Michaeisberg , near (2872 ^0 Vnter-Orombach, stands
the old Michaels 'Capelle (855 ft.; restaurant). On a hill near
(26 M.) Weingarten rises the tower of the ruin of SchmaUnstein.
31 M. Durlaeh (880 ft. ; Karlsburg ; Amalimbad^ Vi ^* ^^ ^^
WILDBAD. 45, Route. 353
Btation), a small town with 11,300 inhab., the residence of the Mar-
graves of Baden-Durlach from 1565 to 1715, was almost entirely
burned down by the French in 1688. The Thurmberg (840 ft.; cable-
railway to the summit! commands a splendid view (view-tower).
From Durlach to Heilbronn, see Baedeker's Southern Oermany.
From Durlaoh to Pforzheim, 16 H. ; thence to Wildbad, U'/s M.
more. Railway to Wildbad in 2-3 hrs. (fares 4 UT 40, 3 UT, i UT 90 pf.) —
The train traversea the fertile valley of the Pfint. 11/2 M. OrdUingen; 3 M.
Berffhcnuen; 41/2 M. Bdllingen; 6 M. Eleinsteinbach ; 7>/s M. Wil/erdingen
(Krone); 9V* M. Kdnigtbach; 12 M. Ersingen; 14 M. Ispringen.
16 M. Pforzheim (918 ft. ; B6tel International, at the railway-station •,
Foet, B. 2-3 Jt, very fairi Dr. FriedricK'e Hydropathic)^ a thriving manu-
facturing town, with 44,000 inhab., lies at the confluence of the Em^ the
WUrtn, and the Nagold. The manufacture of gold and silver wares carried
on here employs upwards of 12,(XX) workmen. Close to the station is a
monument to the Emperor William L The Schlosakirche, erected in the
12-15th cent, in the Transition style, contains a number of monuments of
the Margraves of Baden of the 16th century. In the Carl-Friedrich-Str.
is a Statue of Margrave Ei'nest (1535-58) , the founder of the now extinct
Baden-Durlach-Ernestine family. — From Pforzheim to Wildbad via the
BOchenbronner HOhe (2004 ft.) 6V2 hrs. ; beginning of the so-called *H6hen-
weg' (p. 3S7). — Light railway from Pforzheim to Oarlsruhc, see p. 364. —
A branch-line connects Pforzheim with Hiihlacker. where it joins the
Bruchsal line to Stuttgart. — Railway to Calw, Tubingen, and Constance,
see Baedeker's Southern Oermany.
The Wildbad Railway continues to follow the pleasant, grassy valley
of the Ensy which now contracts. 18 M. BrOtzingen; 19V4 M. Birken/eld.
22V2 M. Neuenbiirg (Post; Bdr), a picturesquely-situated little town,
is commanded by a Schloss (now occupied by public offices), erected in
1658 by Duke Christopher of Wurtemberg on the site of an older build-
ing, on a wooded height encircled by the Enz. Adjoining the Schloss is
the ruined castle called the Fruchtepeicher^ with some Roman relics.
Diligence daily to Herrenalb (12 M.; p. 338).
The train crosses the Enz, passes under the Schlossberg by a tunnel,
and again crosses the stream. 25 M. Bx>(henhach^ with a large saw-mill;
26V« M. HOfen; 29 M. Calmbaeh (Sonne, very fair).
30V«M. WUdbad. — •Royal Bath Hotel., with Hft, R. SVa-eVa, B. IV4,
D. 3Vi UT; •Klumpp turn Bdren, with lift, R. fr«.m 31/2, B. l"/4, D. at
1 p.m. 3Vi, board 6V» M; *Bellevue, B. from 3, B. IV4, D. 3V2 UT,- •Poet,
R. 2Vr4> 2, B. I, D. 81/2. pen*«. 7-11 Jt; Hdiel de Russie, R. 2-6, B. 1, D. 2»/4,
pens. 6-9V2Ur; Hdtel F/etffer, R. 2-3, B. V4-I, D. 2, pens. 6-8 Jf; Ooldener
Ochs, R. IV2-4, B. 60-80 pf. i Grqf Eberhard. — Cafi-Reetaurant at the Bath
Hotel. — VUitore" Tax, 4 Jt per week, 12 Jt for four week^. — English
Church Service^ see below.
Wildbad (1476 ft.), a much-frequented watering-place with 3600 inhab.,
lies in the pine-clad ravine of the Enx^ on both sides of the stream. The
principal street, the bath-establishments, and the hotels are on the right
bank; the railway-station lies on the other bank, at the 1?. or lower end
of the town. In the Cur-Platz, at the end of the Haupt-Strasse, rise
the Royal Bath Hotel or Curhaus^ with caf^, reading, and ball rooms (music
8-9 a.m. and 6-7 p.m.). and the large Bath House. The slightly alkaline
thermal springs (94-180" Fahr.), which are beneficial in cases of gout and
rheumatism, rise immediately from the sand in the baths for each sex,
capable of containing 20 persons each (IV2 Jii 30 private baths, 2 Jt).
Annual number of patients about 6500. From beside ih^ Katharinenslift, or
bath for the poor, a bridge leads to the K6nig-Karl-Bad, a domed structure
in the Renaissance style, with accommodation for 17 bathers. Adjacent
is an elegant iron TiHnkhalle (with music-pavilion), and farther on is a
small Theatre. The English Church is open for service during the season.
Walks and pleasure-grounds extend on both sides of the river; on the 8.
(upper) side of the village, past the Roman Catholic church, as far as the
Baedeker's Rhine. 15th Edit. 23* _
354 Route 46. CARLSRUHE. From Heidelberg
(1 M.) Windho/t a caf^, and on the 19. side, opposite the railway-station, to
the much-frequented garden-restaurant ^Zum KHMen Brunn€n\
Excursions. A road ascends the valley of the Ens, passing (3 M.) the
Kdlber-UiaUe, where there is a large pumping-station supplying water to
no less than 60 communities in this part of the Black Forest, to (TVs M.)
EmklHsterle (Waldhom) and (3 M.) Oumpelscheuer (Lamm), and thence
to (17 M.) Freudenstadt (p. 408). — From the Hdtel Bellevue we may ascend
(Hohenweg, p. 387) via the Fllnf Bdume to the (2«/f hrs.) Wildtee, which
tradition has peopled with water-sprites, and thence proceed to the (»/4 hr.)
shooting-lodge of Kaltenbronn (2817 ft. : fair inn : carriage-road to Beichenth&l,
p. 892), and the (>/« hr.) Hohloh (3250 ft. s view-tower). The descent via
the LaUcMg to Forbach ($. 398) takes 2 brs. — Bv the (4V8 M.) Eyaeh-MUkie
to (2V8 M.) Dobel and (3 M.) Herrenalb^ see p. 388.
Beyond Dmlach, on the right as we approach Carlsruhe, is
Schloss Oottesaue (p. 361).
341/2 M. Carlsruhe, see below. The through-trains to Switzer-
land generally stop here for dinner. Railway beyond Carlsruhe,
see p. 361.
Carlgrahe. — The Railteay StaHon (PI. E, 3-, Restaurant, D. 2Vs Jf}
is on the 8. side of the town ; trains to Heidelberg, see above ; to Baden,
see p. 361 ; to Bastatt and Alsace, see p. 861 ; to Pforzheim and Wildbad,
see above: to Bretten and Wurtemberg, see Baedeker's Southern Oeitnanjf.
On the W. side of the town there is a small station CMiihlbui^erthor' ;
PI. B, 2) for the trains to Maxau (p. 361) and the local trains to Graben-
Neudorf.
Hotela. Near the Station: ^Gebmamia (PI. a; D, 3), at the comer of
the Krieg-8tr. and Carl-Friedrich-Str., R. from 2»/j, B. 11/4, D. at 1 p.m. 8'/»,
pens, from 7 UT; Victoeia (PI. i; E, 3), Krieg-Str. 22, E. 2V«-6, B. 1, D. 3,
pens, from 6 Jt ; Monopol (PI. mi E, 8); Hotel Lutz (PI. 1: E, 3), R. &
B. 2»/8-3, D. 2 UT; GrOner Hop (PI. d; E, 3), R. A B. 2«/f3»/4, D. I'A Jl;
National (PI. n; E, 3), R. lV«-2»/«, B. 3/^, d. from li/a UT, all these also
in the Krieg-Str., near the station ; Park Hotel (PI. p ; D, £, 3), Kreuz-8tr. 37,
with caf^- restaurant; Leicht (PI. o; D, E, 3), Kreuz-Str. 19; Fbiedrichs-
Hop (PI. e; D, 3), Carl-Friedrich-Str. 7. — In the Town: *H6tel Grossb
(PI. c; D, 2), in the Markt-Platz, with electric light and hot-air heating,
R. from 2V2, B. 1, D. 2V21 pens. 6-10 Uff, omn. 60 pf. j *Ebbpbinz (PI. b \ D, 2),
Kaiser-Str., with caf^, R. 2-IJ, B. 1, D. from IV2, pens, from 5 Jf-^ Goldmeb
Adlee (PI. f ; D, 3), Carl-Friedrich-Str., R. 1V2-2 Jt; Rothes Haus (PI. g;
D, 2), Wald-Str. 2, not far from the theatre, well spoken of, R. l>/»-2. —
Hotel Gabni Tannhadser (PI. h; C, 2), Kaiser-8tr. 146.
Reatauranta. *Monninge)\ Kaiser-Str. 142, with garden; ^Sladt-Oarten.
D. 2-3 ur. see p. 361; •iTroArodii (PI. K; C, 2, 3), Ludwigs-Plalz, D. IV4-IV4 M;
Friedriehe-Hof ^ see above; Erhprinz^ see above; KUhler Krug, Bannwald-
Alle'e 2, with large garden. — Win*. In the Friedriehs-Ho/ , see above;
RathtkeUery Lamm-Str. , below the Oaf^ Bauer; Vier Jahretzeiten, BehBl'
Str. 21; Rodeneteinery Herren-Str.
CafSa. *Cc^f4- Restaurant Bauer, Lamm-Str. 7d (PI. D, 2, 3); Central,
Kaiser-Str., near the market-place.
Electric Tramways. From the railway-station to the market-place, the
Mtihlburger Tbor, and the Grenadier barracks (PI. A, 1); from the Miihlbei^
Thor to Durlach (p. 852). to the Rhine harbour at Muhlberg (p. 361), snd to
the Kuhle Krug (see above); from the Kaiser-Strasse to Beier»heim (p. 361).
Steam Tramways. 1. From the MeuPkxtz (PI. D, 3, 4) via Ettiingen (p. 861)
to Herrenalb (p. 388) on the one side, and to Ittersbach and Pforzheim (p. 363)
on the other. — 2. Through the Krieg-Str. (PI. B-E, 3) to (9ViM.) Dwmers-
hHm on the W., and past the Durlacher Thor to (10 M.) Bpdck on the E.
Oaba. To or from the station, 1 pers. 60, 2 pers. 80 pf., 3 pers. 1 UlT,
4 pers. 1 Ulf 20, each package of luggage 20 pf. — Drives within the townt
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to Baden, CARLSltUHE. 46. Route. 355
one-horge, 1-2 pers. for >/« ^r. 50, 3-4 pers. 70 pf. r, for Va hr. i Jf or i Jf
20 pf. \ two-horse 80 pf., 1 UT, 1 UT 30, 1 UT 70 pf. — To the Friedho/ or
Gottesaue i j$, 1 Ulf 40 pf., two-horse 1 Ulf 40, 1 Ulf 80 pf. ; to the SehHtzen-
hau* I ur 40, i ur 70, two-hopse 1 UT 70, 2 UT 80 pf.5 to the entrance to
the mv9r Harhovr (p. 361) 1 UT 80, 2 UT 30, two-horse 2 UT , 2 UT 80 pf. —
After dusk 10 pf. more for each V^^i**) double fares from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m.
(in winter 7).
Pott k Telegraph Office, Kaiser-Str. 217.
Theatres. Covrt Theatre (PL 12 5 D, 2), five times a week (box-office
open 11-1); Wagner's and other operas conducted by/*. Mottl. Ihe theatre
is closed from July to September. — Summer Theatre in the Stadt-Oarten
(p. 361). — Colosseum^ Wald-Str. 16, a yariety-theatre.
Baths. Stddtische* Viei-ordUbad (PI. D, 4), near the Stadt- Garten,
with large swimming-bath \ FriedrieJubad, Kaiser-Str. 136 , with swimming-
bath. — In the Rhine y at Maxau (p. 361), to which special trains convey
bathers in summer.
English Ohnreh Service in the chapel of the Ludwig Wilhelm Eranken-
heim, Eaiser-Allde, at 11 a.m. and 4 p.m. Chaplain, Rev. 0. Flex.
CarUruhe (320 ft.), the capital of the Grand-Duchy of Baden
(100,000 inhab., including MuJUburg and a garrison of 4070 men),
situated 6 M. from the Rhine, on the W. outskirts of the Hardtwald,
owes its origin to the Margrave Charles William of Baden-Durlach,
who transferred his residence hither from Durlach in 1715. The
plan of the old town resembles a fan , the streets radiating from
the palace, but the wide new streets on the W., S., and E. are less
regular in plan. The importance of Carlsruhe as an industrial town
has increased very rapidly since 1870, its principal manufactures
being engines and railway-carriages, furniture, and plated goods.
The development of modem German architecture may be very dis-
tinctly traced in Carlsruhe. The palace and the other older buildings are
in the French style prevalent at the beginning of the 18th century. The
structures of the next period exhibit the simple and harmoniou<< classical
forms introduced by Friedrich Weinbrenner (1766-1826), an architect who
received his training in Borne. His principal successors were HUbtch (1795-
1863) and ^<«entoAr (18>i5-54), who erected many handsome buildings in the
modern Bomanesque (round-arched) style, and long determined the tone
of Carlsruhe architecture. The stately edifices erected in recent years by
BerekmUller (d. 1879) and Durm form a fourth period, together with the
still more modern buildings (in the Kaiser-Str. and el -ewhere) by Curjel A
Uoeer^ Billing ^ Ratzd^ and others.
The School of Art^ founded at Carlsruhe in 1853, has contributed not
a little to the development of the German school of landscape-painting.
Its first director was the classical painter J. W. Schirmer (18U7-63), of Dussel-
dorf, a disciple of Lessing, who was succeeded by ff. Chtde. Among the
artists connected with the school may be mentioned H. Baiech, 0. Schdnleber^
Fr. KaUmorgen^ H. von Volkmann, JSans Thoma^ Ferd. Keller^ and L Dill (the
last three siiU living).
The railway-station is situated outside the former Ettlinger-
Thor fPl. D, 3). Near it are a bronze statue of Winter (PI. 6;.
d. 183o), the minister, designed by Reich, a War Monument (PI. 5)
in memory of 1870-71, by Volz, and other monuments.
At the entrance to the Cael-Fribdrich-Strassb (PI. D, 3, 2),
which extends hence northwards to the palace (8/4 M.), stands a hand-
some Fountain (PI. 25). In the Rondel-Platz, farther on, rises an
Obelisk ('Verfassungssaule*; PI. D, 3), with a medallion of Grand-
Puke Charles (1811-18)j on the right is the Margrave's Palace^ by
23* 3^^
356 BouU46, CARLSRUUE. From Heidelberg
Weinbrenner. The Landes-OewerbehalU (¥\. 23i), farther on to
the right, contains a good industrial museum and a technical library ;
admission daily, except Mon., 10-12 (on Sun. 11-12) and 2-4. Ad-
joining, at the comer of the Hebel-Str. , is the Bezirks-Amt (PI. 11),
buUt in 1897-98.
On the left side of the Market Plaob (PI. D, 2) is the Town
Hall (PI. 31), built in 1821 , in front of which are two colossal bronze
figures of Baden and Carlsruhe, by Hirt (1900). On the right is the
Protestarht Church (PI. 17), with a Corinthian portico, the burial-
church of the grand-ducal family. Both these edifices are by Wein-
brenner. In the centre of the market-place is a fountain with a
Statue of the Orand-Duke Lewis (1818-30; PL 3), by Raufer.
Near the intersection of the Carl-Friedrich-Strasse with the
Kaiser-Strasse (p. 360) is a Pyramid (PI. 7) in honour of Margrave
Charles William (p. 365), who is buried here; it is to be replaced
by an equestrian statue.
In front of the palace, in the centre of a square embellished
with gardens and fountains, is a bronze Statue of the Qrand-Duke
Charles Frederick (PI. 2; d. 1811), by Schwanthaler (1844).
The Falaee (PI. D, 1), erected in 1750-82 from L. BettCs designs,
is in the form of a semicircle , and surmounted by the Bleithurm
(150 ft.), which affords an extensive view. The dining-hall, ball-
room, and other apartments are sumptuously fitted up. — The E.
wing contains the Zdhringen Museum (PI. 27; D, 1), a collection
of art-objects and curiosities connected with the ducal house (adm.
May, June, and Sept. daily, U-l), and also the Ducal Stables (open
12-4).
In the crescent on the W. side of the Schloss-Platz, connected
with the Schloss by an arcade, is the Oonrt Theatre (PI. 12),
erected in 1851-53, by Hubsch, The reliefs in the pediment are
by Reich,
Arched passages in the wings of the Schloss lead to the Palace Garden
(PI. D, 1), embellished with fountains, sculptures, etc. Among the sculp-
tures are a small monument to S^el (PI. 4; p. 426) and a group of Her-
mann and Dorothea. The garden extends into the Eardtwald and the
WUd-Park.
Behind the Court Theatre is the Botanic Garden (PI. D, 1, 2; closed
on Sat. and Sun., and from 12 to 2 on other days), with a Wintks GAaDSM
(PL 48; open on Hon.. Wed., and Frid., 10-12 and 2-4), containing a
palm-house, pond for the Victoria Begia, orangery, green-tiouses, etc.
Adjacent is the •HaU of Art (PI. 21 ; P, 2), buUt by Hubsch
(1836-45) in the modern Romanesque style, with a new wing (1896)
by Durm, The entrance is in the Linkenheimer-Strasse. The
sculptures at the entrance are by Reich ; those on the rear-facade
by Ad, Heer. The collections are open to the public on Wed. and
Sun. (also Frid. in summer), 11-1 and 2-4; at other times fee 50 pf.
— The paintings are arranged In schools ; catalogue 60 pf . Director,
Hans Thoma.
Ground Floor. Extensive collection of casts, arranged in historical
order i also, in the new wing, some modem models and original works.
to Baden. CARLSRUHE. 45. Route, 357
Staircase. Frescoes by >Sf<jAw««d (1840) : Consecration of Freiburg Cath-
edral by Duke Conrad of Zabringen; to the right, Hans Baldnng Grien
painting the Msurgrave Christopher I. (see below). — The allegorical paint-
ings in the lunettes are by Sc/ttoind and Qleiehauf: that in the middle
represents Art protected by the Church and State. Here also are: left.
No. 542. F. DieU, Destruction of Heidelberg by M^lac; right 752. P. Veit^
Introduction of Christianity into Germany (cartoon for the fresco mentioned
at p. 239).
First Floor. Fiest Cokridob (to the right): Early German Schools
(15-ieth cent.). Eight Wall: above, MulUchery 32. Death of the Virgin 38.
Crucifixion (ca. UttO); 70. Burgkmair^ Pieta; 44. Bart. Zeitblom^ Priest
bestowing the blessing; 61. B. Strigely Annunciation; above, 48. Upper
Swabian School, ^Landenberg Altar' (ca. 1500), with Crucifixion in the centre
and SB. Pelagius and Conrad at the sides; B. Strigel, OH. Christ washing
his disciples' feet, *60. Mocking of Christ, *d9. Piet&; 97. Mom von Kuhn-
hach, Winged altar-piece, with four saints in the centre, and on the sides
the mas3hcre of 10,000 Christians by King Sapor of Persia (after Durer)
and the miraculous raising of a dead man to life; 84. Bchaufelin^ Cucifixion
(1515) ^ 153. B. van Orley, Winged altar-piece, a late work; 158. JT. Neu-
chatel, Portraits of a married couple (1572).
Cabinet 1. To the right: 139. Style of Memling, Portrait; 164. Ad. EU-
Tuimer^ St. Lawrence; L. Oranach the Elder ^ 121. Luther in death (studio-
piece), 109. Judgment of Paris; 105. M. Qerung (after B. Beham), 'Justitia
dormit"; 67. M. Holbein the Younger^ Erasmus.
Cabinet 2, containing some of the finest examples of the early-German
school: *b96, 897. M QrHnewald^ Crucifixion, Bearing of the Cross, from
the church at Tauberbisctiofsheim ; 36. M. SchOngauer, Coronation of the
Virgin; ffolbein the Younger^ 64. Bear'ng of the Cross (with numerous figures,
painted in 15 15 in his fathers studio), 65. St. Ursula, 66. St. George (1522);
70, 79. U. Schaffner, S3. Peter and Paul ; Hone Baldung Grien^ 87. Murgrave
Christopher 1. of Baden, 8S. Margrave Christopher I. and his family kneeling
before the Virgin and St. Anna (1511), ♦90. St. Joseph and the Madonna
(fragment of an Adoration of the Child; 1539); 430. G. Pencz^ Veit Hirsch-
Togel the Younger, glass-painter of Nuremberg (1545); 155. Lucae van Leyden^
Adoration of the Magi.
Boom I. Mainly Netherlandish works of the 17th century. To the right :
/. a. Chardin, 499, *498. Animal-pieces, 496, 497. Still-life; 380. /. van
Huytvm^ Flowers (1714). — *345, 346, 814. M. dHondecoeier^ Poultry; 377,
876. Rachel Ruysch^ Still-life; ♦238. Rembrandt, Portrait of himself (ca. 1645);
251. C. Sc^ftleven, Job tormented by evil spirits; 850. W. van Aeltt, Still-life;
259. Fieter de Hooch, Woman and girl in a room overlooking a garden;
335. /. van Ruytdael, Wood-scenes; ^. J. D. de Heem, Still-life. — Above
the door, 218. F. Snydertil), Cabbages; 186. /. Jordaent, Moses smiting the
rock; 283, 284. C, Janson van Ceulen, Lifesize portraits; 171. Fr. Francken
the Younger, Parable of the Prodigal Son. — 301. Karel du Jardin, Shep-
herdess; *270, 271. P. van Slingelandt, Domestic scenes; *260. Jan Steen,
Young couple in a garden; 318. Jan Both, Italian landscape; ♦261. Gabnel
Ifettu, Declaration of love (1667) ; *269. P. van Slingelandt, Domestic scene ;
264. Caspar Netecher, Death of Cleopatra (1673); 262. Jac. Ochtet-veU , De-
claration of love; above, "235. Bart/i. van der HeUt, Young couple (1661).
— ♦495. Chardin, Orange-tree; 356. W. C. Heda, 361. /. D. de Heem, Sau-
life; 339. Jan van der Heyde, Dutch canal; 250. C. Saftleoen^ Operation;
198. D. Tenitre the Younger , Peasant scene ; above, 152. Jan van Heme'ssen^
Bad company.
Boom II. French, Italian (partly copies), and Spa-^ish Schools. To the
right: ♦468. Phil, de Champaigne, Portrait (166S). — 409. Lor. di Credit Holy
Family; 449. Mich. Angelo da Caravaggio, Laughing toper; Salvator Rosa^
Two landscapes. — ^416. Ang. Feuerbach, Small copy of Titian's Assumption
at Venice; 427. A. Solario, Madonna; 46i. lAtca Giordano, Christ with the
woman taken in adultery. — 486. GiuUo Romano, Bape of the Leucip-
pidee ; 5(K2. Pedro de Moya , Fortune - teller. — 473. N. Largilli^e , Mme.
Adelaide of France (daughter of Louis XV.) as Flora.
Cabinet 3. Various schools. Left end-wall: 4U3. Niccolo da Foligno,
358 Route 46.
CARLSRUHE.
From Heiddherg
Gruciflxion, with Pope Gregory the Great below (1468: from a chnrcli-
banner); *404. Vittore Pisano, Adoration of the Holy ChUd. — 479, 480.
Fr. Boucher, Pastoral scenes; 483 Oreute, Louis XVI.; 477, 478. Qn'mou^
Portraits of girls. — 188. Jacqnet Fouqirier, View of Heidelberg (1620).
Cabinet 4. Dutch works (17th cent.). To the right: 2^. Gerard
Dou, Bepentant Magdalen; 832. Aart van der Neer, Moon-lit landscape; 280.
Bglon van der Neer^ Boy and bird; 290. Adr. van de
Velde^ Cattle (1632); 329. Jan WynanU, Landscape (with
figures by A. van de Velde); 191. Ad. Brouwer, Dentist.
^ Adr. van Ostade, 244, 245. Peasant-scenes (youthful
works), 247. Smoker, 248. Draught-players, 246. Writer;
"266. G. Don, Cook at a window (1^); 292, 291. A. van
de Velde, Cattle; 272. Frans van MieH* the Elder, Half-
length portrait (early work). — 267. G. Dou, Lace-maker;
248. P. Oodde, Guard-room ; *192. Adr. Browser, Sleeping
2.
Cab.
Cab.7
— t J-
I. Boom.
8. Cab.
I
I
7. Cab.
II.
Boom.
First Corridor.
Staircase.
UI.
Boom.
VII. Boom.
VI. Boom.
V. Boom.
IV. Boom.
8.
Cab.
Cab.
Third Corridor-
peasant; 199. D. !Peniere the Younger, Toper. — The following rooms con-
tain the modem paintings.
Cabimst 6. 963. 8chdnlebery Besigheim; 791. F. Adam, After the battle of
Worth ; 898. Klaus Meyer, Pause in the sitting ; 781. E, Lugo, Idyll. — Oabinkt 6.
659. Verboeekhoven , Sheep; 525. W. LindenechmU the Elder, Battle of the
Teutoburgian Forest; nS^. J. A. Koch, Historical landscape; '251. M. von
Sehteind, Bitter Kurt's Bridal Procession (Goethe), a humorous composition
in the old-German manner, bearing the motto, ^Widersacher, Weiber,
Schulden, ach ! kein Bitter wird sie los' (Of foes, women, and debts, alas !
no knight can get rid); "509. Overbeck, Raising of Lazarus. — Cabinet 7.
Rottmann, *594. Lake Gopais, 595. Delos-, 620. A. Achenbaeh, Iforwegian
landscape (early work; 1^7); 564, 563. /. B. Kirner, Bustic scenes in the
Black Forest and Switzerland.
Boom III. To the right: above, 619. A. Aehenbach, Steamer colliding
with an iceberg (1842); 798. Fr. Adam, Horse-catching on the Pushta; 647.
A. von Bayer, Freiburg Cathedral; 608. C. Morgenstern, The Ammer-Thal;
575. Hiddemann, Westphalian funeral.
Boom IV. To the right: 893. B. von Steinle, St. Luke painting the
Madonna; •932. PoeUdberger, The farewell; 934. ZUgel, Sheep; *935. Count
Kaikreuth, Qoudy weather ; Eyten, '954. Near Cronberg, 965. StiU-life ; •963.
Em. Lugo, TheSchluchsee; 969. Haeemann, Spinning in the Black Forest; 879,
878. H. Baisch, Dutch landscapes; 883. H. Gude, Scottish coast; W. TrUbner,
«899. Caesar at the Bubicon, 900. In church; 889. H. von Volkmann, Land-
scape; 596. K. Rottmann, Buined temple in .£gina; 802. K. Meyer, Infant-
school at Ueberlingen; 867. W. Vole, St. Cecilia; "=933. H. Thoma, The Bhine
at Sackingen.
Boom V. Entrance-wall : 552. Nikutowski, Passage of the Beresina in
1812; 611. /. W. Sehirmer, Via Mala; 522. Winterhalter, Grand-Duke Leo-
pold. — 771. G. Schdnleher, Dutch village; 797. Fr. Defregger, The youn?
Sainter ; 564. F. KeUer, Margrave Lewis William of Baden at the battle of
alankemen (p. 366). — 637. H. Gude, l^orwegian coast; 801. Fr. Kallmorgen,
Inundation. — 588. E. F, Letting, Crusaders in the desert; 618^6. J. W,
to Baden. OARLSRUHE. 45. Route. 359
Schirmer, Landscapes with the parable of the Good Samaritan; 643. F. Dietz^
Gustavus Adolphus lying in state; 767. J.WengUin^ Moor in the highlands;
875. H. Baischy May Day in Holland; 612. /. W.8chirmer^ Approaching storm
in the Gampagna.
EooM VI. Ansehn Feuerhaeh, *560. Colossal figure of Poetry (1856),
*551. Dante and the Ladies of Ravenna ; 548. J. ScholtZy Wallenstein's ban-
quet. — 869. F. Keller, Bmp. William II. — A. Fnterbach, 549. Silenus and
Bacchus, 823. Flowers, 822. Portrait of himself (1878), •813. Banquet of
Plato; *880. H. BaUch, Utan on the Lower Rhine; 819. G. ScMnteber, Scene
on the Neckar; 570. A. Tidemand, The grandmother's bridal crown. — 874.
2/. J?oi;«;inann, Ho) stein village on fire; ^. B. Vautier^A visit to the room
of the quality ; K. F. Letting , 535. Scene in the Harz, 534. Dispute between
Luther (left) and Dr. Eck (right) at Leipsic in 1519 in presence of Duke
Qeorge of Saxony and Prince Barnim of Pomerania: 577. W. Soha, A ques-
tion of conscience;^ 959. L. Dilly Flooded sage-nelds; 958. A. BScklin,
Poverty and Care.
Boom VII. Kos. 790, 866, & 869 are water-colours, illustrating the
costumes of Baden peasants at the procession in honour of the silver-
wedding of the Grand-Duke Frederick (1881), and painted by Tutiini and
Itsel. Cartoons by Schnorr von Carols/eld (13, 19-21). — The Second Cok-
RiDos contains cartoons by M. von Schtoind (5-10), water-colours, etc. —
Cabinet 8, unimportant. — Cabinet 9. 855. J. A. Koch, Landscape with the
rape of Hylas (sepia; figures by Carttent)\ 691, 692. F. Boucher, Bed crayon
studies for the paintings in Cab.3.; 967.^.Zar»^, Landscape; 694 A.8chrSdter,
The seasons; S2i. A. Feuerbcuih, Concert (water colour sketch); 857. Schwind,
Sketches for his fresco in the Wartburg.
Third Corridob. 722-747. /. W. Schirmer, Scenes from the book of
Genesis (charcoal) ; also cartoons by W. Kaulhach, Schnorr von Caroltfeld, Veit,
Schtpind, and Overbeek.
The Cabinet of Enobavinos (open. Thurs., 10-12) contains Hant Bal-
dung Grien't sketch-book, etc.
The fine new building at the beginning of the Wald-Str. (PI. D, 2),
to the S. of the Kunsthalle, is occupied by the Oarlsrohe Konstverein
(Art Union) and contains a collection of modern pictures and other
works of art, chiefly by artists of Carlsruhe (open daily, 11-1, and
on Sun., Wed., & Sat. 2-4; 30 pf.).
Near the Kunsthalle, in the Linkenheimer-Str., is one of the
entrances to the Botanic Garden (p. 366). Beside It is a colossal
bust of the architect Hubsch (p. 356). On the other side of the
street rises the handsome Court of Justice (PI. 16 ; 0, 2), built by
Kircher. Opposite Is a bronze Statue of Prince William of Baden
(1829-97), by Volz.
Farther on, at the corner of the Bismabck - Stbasse , which
diverges to the left, are the Headquarters of the XIV. Corps d^Armie
(PI. 42; C, 1), built by Devin. — Two buildings at the W. end
of the street contain the School of Art (PI. B, 2 ; see p. 355).
In the Platz in front of it, a statue of the poet Victor von Scheffel
(see p. 361), by Volz, was erected In 1892. — The adjoining streets
contain numerous handsome villas. In the Moltke-Strasse are the
Building School (PI. 1 ; C, 1), the Industnal School (PI. B, 1), with
a museum (open Sun. 11-1, Tues., "Wed., Thurs., & Frid. 10-1
and 2-4), the Cadet School (PI. A, 1), and the Grenadier Barracks.
The Riefstahl-Strasse and the Westend-Strasse lead to the S.
from the Moltke-Strasse, passing Christ Church (Prot.) and a Afon-
360 Route 45. OARLSRUHE. From Heidelberg
ument to Wilhelm Lubke (1826-93), the historian of art, to the
square in front of the Miihlburger Thor, which is embellished with
a bronze Equestrian Statue of Emp. William /., by Ad.Heer (1896).
— Near the Thor are the Old -Catholic Church of the Resurrection
(PI. A, B, 2), in the early-Gothic style, by SchSfer, the handsome
office of the Carlsruhe Life Insurance Co.^ and the Supreme Court
(P1.B,2).
The Kaisbr-Steassb (P1.B-F,2), a street IV2M. long, flanked
with handsome modern houses and attractive shops, runs from this
point through the centre of the town from E. to W. (tramway,
p. 354). In its W. half, to the right, is the Pott Office (PI. C, 2), and
on the left is the Kaiser- Wilhelm- Passage.
The Douglas-Strasse, passing the post-office, leads to the N. to
the Palais Prinz Carly at the corner of the Stephanien-Strasse. The
Palais Prinz Max, another bandsome Renaissance building, rises a
few yards to the E. , at the comer of the Altademie-Strasse and
Oarl-Strasse.
The Erbprinzen-Strasse, skirting the E. side of the post-office,
leads to the Fbibdrichs-Platz (PI. D, 2, 3), which is embellished
with gardens, fountains, and a marble group of Orestes and Pylades
by Steinhduser. On the N.W. side is the Roman Catholic Church
(PI. 18 ; D, 2), built by Weinbrenner in the style of the Pantheon,
and opposite, in the Herren-Str., is ih.Q Reichshank (PI. 33; D, 3).
On the N. is a row of arcades and shops ; and on the E. side are the
Central Offices of the Baden Railways (PI. 9 ; D, 3).
On the S. side of the square is the imposing building of the
United Grand-Dncal Collections {Vereinigte Sammtungen; PI. 41,
D 3), with its conspicuous central portion somewhat resembling a
triumphal arch, erected by Berckmuller in 1865-71. The four marble
figures are by Steinhduser, The staircase is adorned with frescoes
by Keller and Oleichauf, Adm. free on Sun. and Wed., 11-1 and
2-4 (antiquities also on Frid.) ; at other times for a fee (50 pf.).
Gbound Floor. To the right of the staircase is a Renaissance foantaia
from Sulsburg (ca. 1600). Straight in front are the larger stone monuments
and the stairs leading np to the library (see below). — In the E. wing (left)
are the Mineralogical^ Geological^ and Zoological Collections. — In the W.
wing (right) are the Antiquarian and Ethnological CoUectiom. Boom I.
Egyptian Antiquities. *Greek Vases and Terracottas (good catalogue). —
Boom II. To the ri^ht and left of the entrance, Mithras Beliefs. Bronzes,
including Greek and Etruscan ^Weapons, statuettes, mirror - cases, etc.
Marble Sculptures found in Italy. — Boom III. Prehistoric, Boman, and
Alemannian Antiquities found in Baden. In the second section, the Ethno-
logical Collection (5000 objects). — Boom IV. Collection of Weapons, chiefly
Turkish spoils of war captured by Margrave Lewis William (p. 358). —
Boom V fa flight higher). Ifodern weapons. Collection 0/ Baden Costumes. —
Boom VI. Art- Industrial Collection : stove-tiles, cabinets, musical instruments,
church-utensils, carvings, and vestments, glass paintings, etc.; hlso coins
and medals. — We return to the vestibule, and thence enter a hall con-
taining Roman and Mediaeval Stone Monuments found in Baden.
The Library contains about 169,000 volumes and a handsome reading-
room (open Sun. 11-1, week-days 1()-1 & 6^, and the Cabinet of Coins.
Behind the building just described lies the Erbprinzen-Oartenj
jOOgle
to Baden. RASTATT. 45, Route. 361
with a fine group of nymphs by Weltring (1891). The Palace of
the Crown Prince (PL 37; D, 3), in the Krieg-Str., was erected in
the late-Renaissance style by Durm in 1891-96. The fagades, in
light greyish-green sandstone, are freely adorned with sculpture.
In the E. half of the Kaisbr- Stbassb (p. 360), at the comer of
the Kronen -Str., rises the Synagogue (PI. 38; E, 2), built by
Durm in the Oriental style with Renaissance details. Farther to
the E. is the Polytechnic School (PI. E, 2), erected by Hiibsch
in 1836 and enlarged in 1863. This institution is the oldest of the
kind in Germany (founded 1825). Adjoining the main building
are the Aula, added by Durm in 1896 and adorned in the interior
by Schonleber, Heer, and others, and the Electric, Physical, and
Botanical Institutes. — At the end of the Eaiser-Strasse is the new
Roman Catholic Church of St. Bernhard, by Meckel.
About 1/2 H. from the Durlacher Thor (tramway) is the Schloss
Ootteaaue (PI. G, 3), erected by Margravea Charles II. and Ernest Frederick
in 1583-99 on the site of a Benedictine abbey dating from 1103. The in-
terior has been fitted up as an artillery-barrack. A large Military Prison
has been erected in the vicinity. — To theK.E., the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Str.
leads from the Durlacher Thor to (V4 M.) the handsome New Cemetery,
in which repose the statesman Karl Mathy (d. 186S) and the poet /. Victor
von 8cheffel^ a native of Carlsruhe (1826-86).
Among pleasant resorts for walking are the Hardtwaid (PI. A, B, C, 1);
the Wild-Park, tickets for which are obtained at the Hofzahlamt, Schloss-
Platz 1 (50 pf.)i and the "Stadi- Garten (PI. D, 4, 5^ adm. 20 c.), beginning
beyond the Vierordtsbad (p. 355), with the Fest-Halle (^Restaurant), several
hot-houses, the Thiergarten, and the Lauterherg (*View).
From Carlsrdhk to Landau, 25 M., railway in IV2 hr. (fares 4 Ji 10,
2 U^ 80, IJir 80 pf.). — IV4 M. MahXburgerthor.—^y^ M. Miihlbnrjr, with the
new River Harbour of Carlsruhe (189^-1901; 48 acres in area), connected
with the Rhine by a canal 2000 yds. in length. — 4V2 M. Knielingenf 6V1 ^-
Kaxau (RheiniscJier Hof; baths, see p. 355), where the Rhine is crossed by
a bridge-of boats ; then MaximUiamau; 8 M. Wdrth (p. 298); 12 M. Langen-
kandel; 17 M Winden^ where the line joins the Palatinate railway. —
25 U. Landau, see p. 290.
On leaving Carlsruhe, the train crosses a viaduct spanning the
Alb, the strategic railway to Rastatt, and a goods railway. To the
right are Beiertheim and the two towers of the church of Bulach.
39 M. Ettlingen (Sonne, Hirsch, both very fair,- Krone), with
8000inhab., possesses large shirting, velvet, and paper manufactories
(paper has been made here since 1482). A pretty path leads hence
via the Redoute (1065 ft.l to Schluttenbach (1120 ft.) and thence to the
platform on the Steinig (1320 ft.; l^^hr.). Ettlingen is also a station
on the Albthal railway (p. 388) and on the light railway from
Carlsruhe to Pforzheim (p. 354).
41 M. Bmchhausen. — From (44 M.) Malsch a picturesque road
leads to (9 M.) Herrenalb (p. 383), via Freiolsheim, Moosbrunn, and
Bembach. — 46V2M. Muggensturm,
49V2M. Bastatt(406ft. ; Railway Hotel, at the station; Schwert;
Kreuz, in the market-place), a town with 14,000 inhab., burned
by the French in 1689, but soon afterwards rebuilt by the celebrated
362 Route 46. BADEN. PraeHcdl
Imperial general Margrave Lewis of Baden (d. 1707), was the res!
dence of the Margraves till the line became extinct in 1771. The
large Palace is conspicuous for its high tower, crowned by a gilt
statue of Jupiter.
In one of the apartmenta the peace between France and Austria, which
terminated the Spanish War of Succession, was signed on 6th May, 1714,
by Prince Eagene of Savoy and Marshal Villars. A congress held here
in 1797-99 between Austria and Germany on the one side and France on
the other led to no result, and at its dose Robeiiot and Bonnier, two of
the French delegates, were barbarously murdered by Austrian hnsears in
an adjacent wood, but at whose instigation it was never discovered. —
The Baden revolution began at Bastatt in 1849 with a mutiny of the sol-
diery, and it was also terminated here by the surrender of the fortress
to the Prussians after a siege of three weeks.
From Bastatt to Gerrubach and WHsaibach, see pp. 391, 392 ^ strategic
line to Carhruhe and AUace^ see p. 361.
The train now crosses the Afury, and reaches —
55 M. Ooi (410 ft. ; Stem; Engel), whence a branch-line (change
carriages) ascends the Oosthal, passing Badenscheuem^ to (57^2 M.)
Baden.
46. Baden and Environs.
Arrival. The Bailwat Station (500 ft. ; PI. A, 1), built in 1894-95,
is on the N. W. side of the town. Poi-ter from the train to a cab, 5 pf. for
each article of luggage ; for carrying a trunk into the town 80 pf., more
than one 20 pf. each, light articles 10 pf. each ; after 11 p.m. 35, SO, 20 pf. —
Cab CPackdrosehke*): »/4 hr. for 1-2 pers. 70 pf., for 34 pers. 1 •# 30 pf. 5 for
V« hr. 1 ur 20 or 1 ur 60 pf. (to Lichtenthal 1 UT 40 or 1 UT 70 pf. -, after
9p.m.lur70, 2ur90pf.); from 9 to 12 p.m., lur20, lUTSO, lUTSO. and
1 ur 80 pf. ; from midnight to 5 a.m.. 1 UT 40, 1 Ul 70, 1 U^ 70, and 2 UT 20 pf . ;
each box 20 pf. — Omnibus to Licntenthal, see p. 364.
Hotels (generally good). Pension-rates are granted at all, except the
Hdtel Stephanie, for a stay of some time. The larger houses are usually
closed from Kov. until the beginning of March. — ^Hotbi, Stephamix (PI. bj
C, 4), two houses in an open situation on the right bank of the Oos, sur-
rounded with gardens; *HdTXL db l'Eubopb (PI. f; B, 3), Kaiser- Allee 2,
opposite the Trinkhalle, B. from 4, B. IVs, !>• 4Vt, pens. 11-14 Jt; Hotxi
Mbssmxr (PI. a; B, 3), Werder-Str., near the Conversatlonshaus, with three
ddpendances and a large garden, B. 4-7, B. IV2, B. 4Vs, pens. 11 Ji ; *HdTBL
d'Amqlstsbbb (PI. e-, C, 3), Sophien-Str. 2, by the Promenaden-Brucke, with
garden, open in winter also, B. from 3, B. 1-4, D. 4, pens. 8-13 Ulf ; *BxLLjByus
(PI. d; G, 5), in an open situation on the right bank of the Oos, with garden,
B. 3-7, B. li/s, D. 4, board 7 jH; 'Vimbbva (PI. c-, C, 4), simUarly situated,
B. 4-7, B. IVj, D. 4, pens, from 9 j$; *Codb db Badb (PI. nj B, 2), Lange-
Str. 47, at the entrance to the town, with baths and garden, open in winter
also, B. 3-8, B. IV2, D. 4, pens. 9-12 j$ , patronized by the English : *H6tel
DB BussiB (PI. k; B, 2), Kaiser- All^e 4, with garden, B. 4-10, B. lys, D. 4,
pens, from 10 Jti *H6tel db HoLLAin>B (PI. h; C, 3), Sophien-Str. 14, with
the d^pendance Pention Beaut^Jour (PI. i s C, 3), B. from 8, B. 1V«, pens,
from %Jf; *Victoeia (PL gi C, 3), Leopolds-Platz, comfortable, but not
showy, patronized bv the English and Americans, B. S-SVs) B. IVs, D. 4,
pens. 8-12 Jf. — •Hotbl db Francs (PI. 1 ; B, 2), Luisen-Str. 32, with garden,
open in winter also, B. 2V«-5, B. IV4, D. 8V», pens, from 7 •#. — •Pabk
HoTBL, Fremersberg - Str. 2, overlooking the Lich ten thaler AlHe, B. 3-8,
B. lV4-lVs> D. 8Vt. pens, from 9 J(; «ZIhbingbr Hof (PI. m^ B,2), Lange-
Str. 46, with baths and large garden, B. 21/2^, B. IV4, D. 3Vs, pens. 1-12 Jf.
All the above are of the first class, with lifts, electric light, and other
modern conveniences. C^r^r^n]o
Digitized by VjOOv Ic
1
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^0U8, BADEN. 46. Route, 363
The following hoases are somewhat less expensive: ^H^tbl Hiksoh
(PI. t; B. C,2), Hirsch-Str. 1, with baths and lift, open in winter also,
B. 2»/r4V«» B. 1, D. 3, pens. Ti/j-lO •#; Gsbmamia (PI. y ; C, 4), Ludwig-WU-
helm-Platz. — •Tebminus (PI. o: A, 1), E. 2-4. B. 1, D. 2V», pens. 6-9 UT;
•ViLLE DB Bade (PI. p; A, 1), B. 2-4 L. V4, B. 1, D. 8, pens. 7-SJ(; 'Bat-
KX8OHEB Hor (PI. q*, A, 1), Lange-Str. 9U, with restaurant, gurden, and
covered terrace; these three -are near the station and convenient fur pass-
ing travellers. ^DarmstIotkb Hor (PI. r ; G, 3), Oemsbacher-Str. 6, with
baths, E. 2»/i-4ur, L. 30 pf., B. 1, D. 3, pens. 7-9 Jf; Pbtbrsbubgbb Hof
(PI. Si 0,3), Gernsbacher-Str. 12, with restaurant-, Dkei KOniob (Pl. u; C,3j,
Lange-Str. 11, with restaurant and covered terrace ^ *Dbdtsoubr Hof
(PI. v; B,2), Lange-Str. 60, with restaurant, B. l«/4-3»/«, B. 1, D. 2»/s, pens.
byi-V/tJt; *Stadt Paris (PI. «: C, 3), Sophien-Str., near the Friedrichsbad,
with lift, B. 2»/«-3»/«, B. 1, D. 3, pens. 6-8 Jt; *8tadt Strassbdkg (PI. W5
G, 3), Sophien-Str. 22, with restaurant and covered terrace. B. 2y4'^i B. 1,
D. 3, pens. 6^Ulf; ^Bomerbad, Bader-Str. 1, B. 2-4, B. 1, D. 2V«i pens-
6-S Jf; ^Stahlbad, Licbtenthaler-Str. 27, B. 2-4, B. V4, pens, from 6V2 Jf.
Among the less pretentious hotels may be mentioned : Muller, Lange-
Str. 31, B. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2V4i pens. 6-8 •#, well spoken of; Goldener Stern
(PI. A-, B, 3), Lange-Str. 23, commercial, B. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2V«, pens. 5-71/2 U^;
GoLDENEs EiNHURN, Laugc-Str. 7, with beer and wine restaurant; Bock
(PI. B; B, 2), Lange-Str. 45; Baldreit, Kiifer^tr. 5, near the market-place,
with baths ; Stadt Gablsrche , corner of Baldreit-Str. and Biitten-Str. ;
B08E, GrGnbb Baum, both in the Markt-Platz; Stadt Kanot, Sophien-
Str. 22; Salmbn, LOwb, Latbrmb, Gbist, all in the Gemsbacher - Str. ;
BAHKHOFS-IldTBL, With garden.
Outside the town : Fbibsbnwald, Werder-Str. 20, oii the Beutig, Gbethbl
(a sanatorium), and 'Eaisbbin Elisabbth (pens. 6^ UJOi seep. w9; Hotel
Eorbmattpelsbn. HdTEL Fbdh, see p. 373; *Goehac8 Schirmhof, well-
managed, B. 2'/2-4, B. 1, D. 2Vi, pens, from QJt.— PxNBioir Waldbnbck,
Fremersberg-Str. 40, B. 2-5, D. 2V2, pens. 6-10 .#. — Gumzbnbach-Hof,
B. 21/2-4, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 6-8 Jf, see p. 369. — Zu& MoRQBMRdTHE and
WaldschlSsschbn, see p. 372. — Inns at Lichtenthal, see p. 869.
Pensions. ViUa Louite and LouUenMhiy Werder-Str. 4, 6, & 12 (B. 31/2*
IOV2. pens. 9-16 UV); Chandon, Werder-Str. 16; AUiehaus, Lichtenthaler-
Str. 6; ffohenslein, Friesenberg-Str. 4 (5-9 Jf)\ Kcdmdery Kronprinzen-Str. 2
(B. 21/2-11 V2, pens. 71/2-1772 Jt)\ BlUcher, Gernsbacher-Str. 100 (5-8 Jt);
Mangin, Luisen-Str. 20 (from 6 Jf)i Volt^ Schloss-Str. lla (from 41/2 U^);
Nagel^ Luisen-Str. 22 (B. 21/2-10. board 5 UT); Schneider, Schiller - Str. 11;
JRoM, Sophien-Str. 38 (6-8Ul^)v ^^" Binnarck^ Bismarck-Str. 14. — Sana-
torium Quisisana (Dr. BaumgUrtner), Bismarck-Str. 17 (R. & A. 2-12, board
QJf)'^ Dr. Emmerich^ Cur-An»talt, Quettig-Str., for nervous patients ; Sana-
torium of Drs. Fr*y and Gilbert, Lange-Str.. for heart and nervous patients ;
Sanatorium Annaberff. Gernsbacher-Str. lOo; Dr. SbertU Sanatorium, Bern-
hard-Str. 32, pens. 8-15 UV; Ludwiff-WithehM-SHft (pens. 4-6Ul0t see p. 367.
Private Apartments may be obtained from 20 UV a week, the farther
from the Gursaal, the cheaper (e.g. at one of the numerous villas near
the railway-station, or at the village of Lichtenthal, IV2 M. distant). The
lodgings in the Sophien-Strasse, in the picturesque upper Schloss-Strasse,
and in the new quarter near the Protestant church, are pleasant and com-
fortable, but somewhat expensive. Breakfast in the lodging-houses costs
70-80 pf. ; dinner is taken at a hotel or restaurant (lV2-4UiO'
Bestaorants. In addition to the above-mentioned hotels : *Convertationi-
fiauty of the first class, D. 41/2-7 Jf (wine, etc., cheaper at the uncovered
tables) ; *G(^4 Palais, in the former Palais Hamilton (PI. C, 3; p. 368), with
beautiful garden, also of the first class ; "Mangin. Luisen-Str. 20 (see above). —
Beer. Ooldenes Kreuz, Lichtenthaler-Str. 13, popular, D. 11/2-2 U^; Zur Post,
Lichtenthaler-Str. 4 ; Bafrischer So/ (see above) ; Krokodil, Huhlengasse 4,
between Nos. 25 and 27 in the Lange-Strasse, D. li/s-2 Jf; Stadt Strassburg
(see above); Ritier, Gernsbaeher-Str. 11, with garden, D.2 Jf; Luxhof, Lange-
Str. 38; Bletter, Lichtenthaler-Str. 35; SimierU Saalbau, Lichtenthaler-
Str. 44. — Dinner (I1/3-2 Jf), after 12 o^dock, at various eating-houses in
the Gernsbacher-Str. and the streets running off the Lichtenthaler-Str.
364 Route 46.
BADEN.
Practiedl
Qa.Ua and Oonfeotionerft* Shops. ConvertaUoiuhaus, see p. 363 ; "Rumpel-
tnayer, Augusta- Platz (PI. 0, 3), first-class, with garden; *Vitta Sorrento
(PI. C, 5, 6), Lichtenthaler All^e 14} Panorama^ aiove the LichteDthaler
All^e (PI. C, 6), with view; Zabler, Lichtenthaler-Str. 12, with garden;
Schababerle, Gernsbaeher-Str. 4. — There are also several good caf^ and
milk -gardens in the environs, such as the Gwzenbaoher Bo/ (p. 869};
Molkencmitaliy Quettig-Str. 9; Oretely see p. 369.
Oabs (^Packdroschken** at the rail, station, see p. £
a. Br Time.
For V* hour ,
For V2 hour
For ^4 hour ,
For 1 hour
1-2 pers.
3-4
pers.
Jf
Pf.
ur
pf.
75
1
60
1
60
2
__
2
25
3
3
—
4
—
Each additional V4 hour 50 pf. or 75 pf. outside the cab-radius, which
includes the whole of tbe town shown in our plan, with the exception of
the hills to the S.W. of the <3treek Chapel and Schloss Krupp ancl to the
K.E. Cabs discharged beyond the radios are entitled to half-fare for the
return. — To Lichtenthal U/2 0r2Uif; to the pensions Waldeneck, Schirm-
hof, Eorbmattfelsen, or Eaiserin Elisabeth, 272 or 31/2 Jt-
In summer after 9 p.m., and in winter after 8 p.m. : per drive (V4 hr.),
1-4 pers. iJf 50 pf., each additional V4 hr. 1 Jf. Each large box 40 pf.
b. Dkives at Fixed Chabgbs (1-4 .persons).
Under Glass I carriages may be kept for 2 hrs. ; under CI. n, 3 hrs. ;
under CI. Ill, 6 hrs. ; under Cl. IV, 10 hrs. ; and under Cl. V, 14 hrs.
To the Fish Breeding Estab. 4 jf. there and back . .
I. { To the Seelach 4 Jl, there and back
To the Gerolsauer MiUile 3 Jf, there and back ....
To the Gerolsau Waterfall 5 Jf , there and back . . .
Jagdhaus 5 Jt^ returning viH the Fremersberger Hof, or
vice rersSk
n. <
m.
IV.
V.
To the Alte Schloss 4^2 Jf, there and back
By the Yburg road, the Seelighofe, and the *Verbin-
50
dungs-Weg' to Lichtenthal, and back to Baden .
To the Alte Schloss and back vi& Ebersteinburg , or
vice versS
To Ebersteinburg and back .
To the Fish Breeding Estab. and Schloss Eberstein and back
The same, returning vi& Gernsbach
To the Fish Breeding hstab. and Gernsbach and back
To the Fremersberg-Thurm and back
To the Fremersberg - Thurm viH the Katzenstein, and
back vill the Jagdhaus ....
To the Favorite and back vi& Oos
, To the Yburg and back ....
' Vi& Gerolsau to the Plattig (19 Jf), Sand (20 UT), and the
Hundseck, and back
Vii Gerolsau to the Biihler-Thal and the Gertelbach-
Schlucht, and back viH Buhl and Steinbadi, or vice versa
To the Alte Schloss. Ebersteinburg, Teufelskanzel, and
I by the new road below the Mercurius- Thurm to
V Mtillenbild and back, or vice versa
{The same, including Gernsbach or Schloss Eberstein .
The same, including Gernsbach and Schloss Eberstein .
Vi& Gerolsau to the Biihler-Thal and the Gertelbach-
Schlucht, and back viSk Sand and Plattig
Omnibuses. 1. Leopolde-Platz (PI. C, 3) vi& Lanse-Str. and the station
to BadeMcheuern (p. 862), 11 times daUy (20 pf.). — 2. Curhaxu vi& Sophien-
Str. and Leopold-Str. to the Alte Sehlott (p. 371), twi e daily 1IV2, there and
back 2 UiO. — 3. Curhetus to UcTUenihal g. 869), 7 times daily (25 pf.); some
of the omnibuses start from the railway-station (40 pf.). — 4. durJums vift
Lichtenthal to Seelach (p. 370), thrice daUy, in summer 4 times (75 pf., back
pf.
50
Note9. BADEN, 46. Boutt, 365
50 pf.). — 5. Curhaui vi& Lichtenthal to the FUh Breeding EetablUhment
(p. 870), tvpice daily (1 Jt, retam-fare IV2 M) \ the morning omnibus starts
fi-om the railwaT-station. — 6. Ourhaut vi& the Fish Breeding Estab. to
Schloss Eberetein (p. 61% once daily, 2 and 3 U>. — 7. Curhcnte vi& Lichten-
thal to the QeroUau Waterfall (p. 370), twice daily (1 Jf). - 8. Curhaiu via
the Plattig and Sand to the Bvndseck (p. 390). once daily (8 or 5 Jf). —
Theater-PlaU vi& the Yburg road to Yburg (p. 3745 returning viiH the Korb-
mattfelsen and Werder-Str.), twice diily (2 or 2V2 Jf)- — 10. CwJwuu via
the V7erder-Str. and the Eorbmattfelsen to the Jagdhavs (p. 374; returning
rik the Jagdhanser-Allde), twice daily (I J( SO & 2 Jf). — Intermediate
fares on all these lines. The terminus is near the main entrance to the
Conservationshaus, where the time-table is posted up.
Visitora' Tax. Tickets for admission to the Conversationshans and
grounds (sold at the entrance to the grounds): for one day, 1 pers. 1 Jf
(morning-concert only, free) 5 for a fortnight 10 Jf; for one month, 1 pers.
QOJfy 2 pers. SO Ulf, each additional person 6 Jt more. Balls every Sunday
during the season. Good Concerts frequently. — Afusic in front of, or in
the Conversationshans, 7-8 a.m., 3-4 and 8-10 p.m.
Batha. *Friedricht-Bad^ open all the year round 7 a.m. to 6 p.m., and
*Augusia'Badj open in summer only, see n. 366. Biver Baths and Swimming
Baths (PL C, 5). on the right bank of the Oos (separate entrances for ladies
and gentlemen).
Batha Office (Qrosshertogliehe Kommission der Badeanstalten), in the
Grossherzogliche Amtshaus (PI. G, D, 2). — Municipal Batha Committee
(Btddtische Curcomiti)^ in the Conversationshaus, to the left.
Theatre. Performances on Wednesdays (actors from the Carlsruhe
theatre); during the season thrice weekly.
B«ce8 at Iffezheim (near Oos, p. 862). at the end of August, the begin-
ning of September, and the beginning of October.
Post and Telegraph Office (PI. C, 3), Leopolds-Platz 12.
English Ghurch (All Saints'* )y Berthold-Str. 5, close to the Grand-Hotel
Bellevue-, Sun. services at 8.30 a.m., 11 a.m., and 7 p.m. Chaplain, Rer.
T. Archibald S. White^ Jf. A,y Lange-Str. 33.
Baden has the reputation of being an expensive watering-place, and
probably is so to those who live at the first-class hotels, attend all the
numerous concerts, and liberally patronise the shops and bazaars ; but many
of the advantages of the place may be enjoyed without very serious inroad
on the finances by visitors who are content to put up at the less pretending
hotels. A month may be very comfortably spent at Baden for iOl. or 12/. — -
Baihs cost 40 pf. to 2 Ul^ 60 pf. and upwards. The Thermal Water may be
drunk at the Trinkhalle and Friedrichs-Bad free of charge; other kinds of
mineral water are supplied at fixed rates. Whey or goats'* milk, 20 pf. per
glass. — The Friedrichs-Bad and the Trinkhalle are open throughout the year.
The Season proper lasts from April to October and is at its height from
June to August, while the town is crowded also at the time of the races
(see above). The atmosphere is mild and healthy, though somewhat damp.
Baden (600 ft.), or Baden-Baden (to distinguish it from the
Baden near Vienna and that in Switzerland), lies at the entrance
of the Black Forest, among picturesque, well-wooded hills, in the
delightful valley of the Ooshach or Oelbac\ and vies with Heidel-
berg and Freihurg in the heauty of its situation. It is one of the
most popular watering-places in Europe, and is rivalled in Ger-
many by Wiesbaden only. The population is 16,700 (chiefly Roman
Catholics) and the number of visitors is about 60,000 annually.
The efficacy of the waters was known to the Bomans, who called it
Civiias Aurelia Aquensis. For six centuries Baden was the seat of the Mar-
graves of Baden , of whom Hermann II. (d. 1130) first resided in the old
castle. The new castle, above the town, was erected by the Margrave
Christopher (1475-1627), but both town and castles suffered so much during
the Thirty Years' War and the war of the Palatinate (1689), that the Mar«
366 Route 46, BADEN. Friedrich$^Bad,
graves transferred their residence to Rastatt in 1706. The modem reputa-
tion of Baden as a sanatorium dates from the beginning of the iHth century.
The first ^Gonversationshaus' was opened in 1803, and the gaming-table,
which was immediately set up, became a favourite resort of European
wealth and fashion. The suppression of public gambling in 1S73, however,
has given Baden more of the character of a health-resort.
The Old Town, with its narrow streets, is situated on the right
bank of the Oosbach, and extends up the slope of a spur of the
Battert, the summit of which is crowned by the grand-ducal chateau.
Farther to the S. rises the Gothic —
Ffarrkirche or Stiftskirohe (590 ft. ; PI. G, 2 ; always open in
the morning), erected in the 7th cent., raised to the dignity of an
abbey-church in 1453, destroyed by fire in 1689, repaired in 1753,
and restored in the original style in 1866. The choir contains
interesting Monuments of the Margraves of Baden, from Bernhard I.
(d. 1431) downwards, notably those of Bishop Frederick of Utrecht
fd. 1517), brother of Christopher I. (bronze monument in a Gothic
niche, to the left), and of Margrave Lewis "William (colossal tomb,
on the right). The lower part of the W. tower is Romanesque. —
Opposite the portal lies the Rathhaiu (PI. 0, 3), formerly the Jesuits'
College and then the Conversationshaus (1809-24), with a collection
of antiquities on the groundfloor (open on Sun. & Thurs., 11-12.30).
There is a fine view from the court.
Adjacent to the church, on the S.£. slope of the Schlossberg, are
the Hot Springs, the chief of which have been united in two chan-
nels, the Hauptstollen and the Kirchenstollen, They yield upwards
of 110,000 gallons per day, and vary from 113® to 158*» Fahr. in tem-
perature. The efficacy of the water is chiefly due to its high natural
temperature , the solid ingredients , chiefly chloride of sodium,
amounting only to three per cent. The latest analysis has detected
slight traces of arsenic. The chief bath-houses arc the Friedrichs-
Bad and the Kaiserin-Augusta-Bad.
The "Triedrichs-Bad (PI. C, 2) is an imposing Renaissance edifice
by Demfeld (1869-77), rising in terraces from the Stein-Strasse,
close to the springs. The exterior is executed in red and white sand-
stone, and embellished with statues, busts, and medallions. In sum-
mer it is reserved for gentlemen, in winter it is used by ladies also.
The first floor contains hot and cold plunge-baths (6 a.m. to 1 p.m. 1 Jf
20 pf., 1 p.m. to 6 p.m. 80 pf.), sitz-baths (private bath, morn. 3, aft.
2Vs •#; general bath, 1 UT 50 and 1 UT 20 pf.), electric baths i^ Jf), an
inhaling room (60 pf.), etc. On the second floor is the division set apart
for curative gymnastics and ^massage^ the apparatus for which was pur-
chased at Stockholm (15 tickets, valid for 1 month, 15 Jf). On this floor
also are baths for bathing in company, vapour and douche baths, Turkish
baths, and large swimming-baths with cold and warm water. A bath
takes from IVz to 2 hrs. (charge, morn. 21/2, aft. 3 Jf). On the third floor
are the Furstenbader, or baths of the most luxurious description (10 Jf)^
and also vapour baths (3 or V/t Jt)\ inhaling room (50 c); and massage
(2-5 JO- — Admission to view the interior, after 6 p.m., 1 «#.
On the E. the Fried rich s-Bad is adjoined by the *Kaisexin-
Augusta-Badi a handsome Italian Renaissance building, erected by
NeueSchloss, BADEN 46, Route, S61
Durm in 1891-92 and adomecl with scalptures by Hor, It is reserved
for ladies, but is open in snmmer only. The main yestibnle con-
tains busts of the Grand-Duke and Grand-Duchess Frederick and
two oil-paintings representing favourite walks of the Empress
Augusta. The handsome staircase is adorned with a bust of the Em-
press by Moest and a frieze by Qleichauf, The general equipments
and charges resemble those of the Friedrichs-Bad.
To the E. are the Spital-Kirche^ used by the Old Catholics, and
the Old Cemetery (PI. D, 2), now transformed into a promenade
and containing a crucifix by Niclaus Lerch of Leyden (1467) and a
late-Gothic ^Mount of Olives' with stone figures. To the left, at the
foot of the Schlossberg, are the Landes^Bad (PI. D, 2), for poor
patients, and the new Inhalatorium, To the right are the Ludwig-
Wilkelms-Stiftj a home for ladies founded by Grand-Duchess Louisa
in memory of her second son, who died in 1888, and the Sanatorium
Annaherg (higher up).
The Weii6 Schlou (PI. 0, 2), on the hill to the N. of the town,
is most conveniently reached vi& the Schloss-Strasse and Burg-
Strasse, ascending from the Pfarrkirche (p. 366). It was founded in
1479, enlarged in 1530 and 1570-80, seriously damaged in 1689,
and partly restored. In 1842 it was fitted up as a summer-residence
for the Grand-Duke. The Schloss is open all day, except 12-1 (fee
1-11/2 •^)- The W. gateway, with its Gothic vaulting, leads into
the court (bell to the left for the castellan), on the E. side of which
is the handsome Renaissance chateau. It contains a number of
handsome saloons and the apartments of the Grand-Duke, adorned
with several good modem pictures, carving, family-portraits, etc.
The winding-staircase (ca. 1575) in the Dagobert-Thurm is inter-
esting. The curious subterranean vaults with stone and iron doors
were probably once used as dungeons. — The tasteful Oarden, with
view- terrace, on the S. side of the Schloss, is always open (entrance
at the N.E. angle of the Schloss ; steps descend to the town).
The chief resorts of visitors are In the new quarters, and the
beautiful Pleasure OroundSy extending along the left back of the Oos,
which flows for a long distance through an artificial channel. The
busiest points are the Trinkhalle and the Gonversationshaus.
The ConversationBhauB (525 ft. ; PI. B, 3), designed by Wein-
hrennerj erected in 1824, and considerably enlarged in 1854, is
125 yds. in length and is preceded by a portico of 8 columns.
The Intebioe is gorgeously fitted up by Parisian masters. Imme-
diately within the colonnade is the Gskat Saloon, where the band plays
in the evening in unfavourable weather. To the left are the so-called
Landscape Saloon, the Italian Saloon, and the Flowek Saloon*, to
the right the Renaissance Saloon. The Kew Saloons , opened in 1854,
are fitted up in the Renaissance style of Louis XIII. and Louis XIV., and
contain from April to Oct. a good International Exhibition of Art (week-
days 10-6: Sun. 11-6 •, free to holders of tickets, p. 365). — In the N. wing of
the building are the well-stocked reading-rooms. The S. wing contains the
restaurant (p. 368).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
368 Route 46. BADEN. Greek Church.
The band which plays on the 'Kaiser-Promenade', in front of the
Conversationshans (p. 367), always attracts a large assemblage of the
fashionable world, and on fine Sunday afternoons the grounds are
crowded with visitors from Strassburg, Carlsruhe, and other neigh-
bouring places. The short avenue leading to the Leopolds-Brucke,
to the E. of the Conversationshans, contains the Bazaar, consisting
of two rows of stalls of various wares.
A few paces to the N. of the 'Kaiser-Promenade* is the Trink-
liaUe(Pl. B, 3), designed by Hiibaeh, and erected in 1839-42. It is
most frequented from 7 to 8 in the morning, when the band plays
and the waters are drunk. The relief in the tympanum, by Reich^
represents the nymph of the springs administering health to sufferers
of every kind. The somewhat faded frescoes in the arcades, by
Ootzertberger, represent legends of the Black Forest. — The grounds
in front of the Trinkhalle are adorned with a marble Bust of Emperor
William I., by Kopf (1875).
On the 8. side of the Promenade is the Theatre (PI. B, 3), built
by Derchy in 1861, and richly fitted up from designs by Couteau. —
Between the Conversationshans and the H6tel Messmer ascends the
Werder-Strasse, in which, to the right, Is the studio of Professor
J. von Kopf, the sculptor (see above), to which visitors are admitted
on Tues. & Thurs., 3-6 p.m. (80 pf.; Sunv.11-12 and 3-6, 10 pf.),
from July to October. — The Kunsthalle (PI. B, 0, 3), at the back
of the theatre, contains an exhibition of pictures (adm. 8-6, Sun.
& holidays 11-6; 50 pf.). Near it is the International Club. Farther
on, in the Lichtenthaler A\l4e , is a marble bust of the Empress
Augusta, by Kopf (1894). — In the Kronprinzen-Strasse , farther
up the hill , is the Kunstlerhaus (PI. B , 4) , with the studios of
several painters.
The Leopolds-Brucke leads to the Leopolds- Platz (PI. 0, 3),
which is embellished with a bronze Statue of Orand-Duke Leopold
(d. 1852). The Sophibn-Strasse, to the E. of this Platz, is bor-
dered with trees, and forms another promenade ; immediately to the
right is the Palais Hamilton, bought by the town in 1900, with a
pretty garden (cafe-restaurant, see p. 363). The handsome Synagogue
is in the Stephanien-Str. — In the new S. quarter of the town, in the
Ludwig-Wilhelm-Platz, are the Gothic Protestant Church (PI. 0, 4),
by Eisenlohr, and the English Clmrch(Pl. C, 5). The latter contains
some good stained-glass windows, a fine candelabrum presented by
the Empress Augusta, and a lectern given by the Grand-Duchess of
Baden. In the Lichtenthaler-Str. Is the Russian Church (PI. C, D, 5),
with a gilded dome. — On the S.W. slope of the Annaberg lies the
Cemetery (PI. D, 4), with many tasteful monuments.
On the Michaelsberg rises the Oreek Chnroh (686 ft. ; PI. B, 2),
erected in 1863-66 from designs by Klenze of Munich in memory
of a son of the Roumanian prince Michael Stourdza , who died at
Baden in 1863, in his 17th year. The roof and dome are gilded; the
Digitized by VjOO^
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Liehtenthdl, BADEN. 46, BouU, 369
interior, which contains the tombs of the family, is samptuously
decorated with gold, marhle, and painting. Key at the house No. 2;
fee 50 pf. (service on Sun., 10-11). — A little to the S. is the
Chdteau of Baron Venrdnger^VUner (PI. B, 3), built by Oppler in a
mediaBYal style. — Farther up is the Friesenberg (940 ft.), the pretty
forest-paths on which afford beautiful views ; it is reached by follow-
ing the Werder-Str. (p. 368) or the Beutig-Str., or direct from
the Greek church. — The Beutig-Str. is continued to the Cro$8 on
the Beutig (830 ft.; PI. A, 4), opposite which is the Villa Weineck,
the property of the late Herr Krupp^ the great iron and steel manu-
facturer of Essen. Farther on, to the left of the road, is the Edtel"
Cafi Ghretel, and still farther on, 1^4 M. from the Conversationshaus,
is the Hotel Kaiserin Elisabeth (comp. p. 373). — Pretty paths lead
from the Friesenberg to the Waldaee (665 ft.), in the valley of the
Miehelbach.
Environs op Baden.
For the purposes of the * Terrain Cure' for diseases of the heart and
lungs the chief walks in the neighbourhood of Baden are classified by
means of coloured marks on the trees, yellow signifying a level path, red
an easy ascent, red and yellow a steep ascent. The height above the
Gonversationahaus is given (in metres) at various points in red figures on
a white ground.
The most attractive walk in the vicinity of Baden is the *Lich-
tenthaler Allie (PI. B, 3, 4, 0, 5, 6), ascending the left bank of the
Oosbach, and much frequented in the afternoon by pedestrians,
cyclists, and carriages. The fine old trees are surrounded with flower-
beds and shrubberies. On the left beyond the brook are numerous
lawn-tennis courts and sumptuous hotels, and on the right are a
number of handsome viUas. About \/^ M. from the theatre, beside
the AlMe-Haus (No. 6), the roads to the Fremersberg and the Yburg
(p. 374) diverge to the right; and about ^2 M. farther on the road
to Gunzenbach (PI. D, 6) also runs off to the right.
Following the above-mentioned Fremersberg road and then turning
to the left, we may reach the Sauersberg (930 ft. •, pleasant view from the
Birkenkopf) in V« ^^t and the Whey Cure Establishment (refreshments) in
10 min. more. — The Quntenbach-Thal^ with a prettily situated garden-
restaurant and the Chinzenbacher iTo/ (pension ^ PI. G, 6), is interesting to
mineralogists. At the entrance to the Gun^.enbacb-Thal a guide-board in-
dicates the way to the Leopoldsh&he^ commanding a fine view, — A path
leads from the All^e to the top of the Caedlienherg (p. 870).
About IV2 M. from the Conversationshaus we reach —
Liohtenthal. — HoteU (all with gardens and restaurants). *BIb, R.
from 2, B. 1, D. 3%^ pens. 6-8 Ui^; "^LnDwiosBAD, with a chalybeate spring,
E. from 2, B. V*, D- 2V4, pens. 5-7 Jf ; *L6wb, R. IV2-2, B. Vi, I>'2, pens.
41/2-6 Jl ; *GoLDNE8 Ebeuz, similar charges. — Caecilienberg Beer Oarden.
OifinBDS to Baden, the Piscicultural Establishment, etc., see pp. 364, 365.
At Liehtenthal (610ft.), formerly called Unter-Beuemj a village
with 4300 inhab., is situated the Nunnbry op Lichtbnthal (to
the right, beyond the bridge), which was founded in 1245 by Irmen-
gard, granddaughter of Henry the Lion and widow of Hermann V.
Basdbkbb's Rhine. i5th Edit. 24* _
370 Route d6. BAD^N. Oetotsau.
of Baden. The convent, taken by the Margraves of fiaden nnder
their special protection, has escaped the devastations of war and
the ravages of time, and is still occupied by Cistercian nuns. The
Churchy which has no aisles, contains the 14th cent, tomb of the
foundress (d. 1260), consisting of a sarcophagus and a fine figure of
the Margravine. Adjoining the church and connected with it by an
archway is the Todteu" Capelle (mortuary chapel), built in the Gothic
style in 1288, and restored in 1830. It contains tombstones of Mar-
graves of Baden-Durlach, and two altar-pieces (retouched), wrongly
ascribed to Hans Baldung Grien (1496). The Orphan Asylum j within
the precincts of the convent, was founded by the wealthy and
benevolent London tailor Stulz (p. 376), who was afterwards ennobled.
In front of the nunnery is a War Monument for 1870-71.
The pine-clad Caecilienberg (750 ft.), immediately behind the
nunnery, a spur of the Kloaterberg (1760 ft.), affords pleasant walks
and charming views. Higher up rises the new Parish Church,
On the Seelach (900 ft.), on the E. side of the Gerolsan (ascended from
the nonnery in Vz hr. ; road to the right of the parish-chareh, footpath to
the left), stands the villa of Princess Bariatinska, in the mediseval style, a
fine point of view (restaurant, adjacent; omn., see p. 364). — The hroad
road ascends, skirting the Baden aqueduct, to (1^4-2 brs.) the Seherrhof
(2225 rt.), whence the top of the Badener Hdhe (p. 390) may he reached by
footpaths in IVz hr.
From Lichtenthal the road, which is destitute of shade, ascends
the Bbubenbb-Thal, passing several houses and hamlets, to(iy4M.)
Ober-Beuem. Above the door of the Waldhom Inn is the laughing
head of the late host, a relief by the well-known French sculptor
Danian (d. 1869). — The valley now contracts, and trees become
more numerous. About IY2 M. from the convent the road divides,
the main branch, to the left, proceeding by Miillenbaoh to Gerns-
bach and Sohloss Eberstein (comp. p. 373). To the right, on the
branch leading to Galsbach and Forbaeh (p. 393) , is the Qaishach
Piscicultural Establishment (the ^Fischkultur*; 876 ft.; fair inn and
restaurant; adm. to breeding-ponds 30 pf.), situated in a cool and
shady nook of the valley, and a favourite point for excursions from
Baden (omnibus, see p. 365).
If ear Lichtenthal, on the S.W., opens the Gerolsan y a pretty
grassy valley watered by the Orobbachj and fringed with wood, where
(l/4hr.) the Oerolsauer AfuWc (open-air restaurant) and the straggling
village of Oerolsau (740 ft. ; Auerhahn ; Hirsch) are situated. A road
a little beyond the Auerhahn inn leads to the right from Gerolsau
by Malschbach (860 ft.) to Neuweier (p. 374 ; 6 M. from Lichten-
thal). We, however, follow the road to the left. A footpath, more
picturesque than the road , diverges to the right from the latter on
the oth r side of the bridge over the Grobbach , and ascends the
right bank of the stream. In about 1 hr. from the Lichtenthal
nunnery we reach the pretty Oerolsau Waterfall (290 ft.', restaurant;
omnibus , see p. 366).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
AlUScUoaa. BADEN. 46. RouU. Sli
From the Gerolsau Waterfall to Schwanenwasbn and Plattxo (IV2-
2 hrs. ; carriage from Baden-Baden in 3 hrs., see p. 365; omnibus, see
p. 366). The road from the waterfall crosses the Qrobbach to the right
(8/4 M.) and ascends round the Lanzenkopf to (IVz ^0 the top of the
achwanenwoien (p. 289). The Oher-Plattig (p. 889) Ues nearly 2 M. farther
on. — Walkers may follow the carriage-road (or they may skirt the stream
by a footpath which rejoins the -road 1/4 hr. farther up), but beyond the
bridge, at the first sharp curve, they should quit the road and .^cend
the iogging road' to the left for 6 min., then take the footpath to the
left, which rejoins the road in V^ br. ; it then ascends steeply, and
farther on again touches the road several times (guide-posts at all
doubtful points).
To THB Badsnss HOhe, 2 hrs. At the fork, */« ^* froi>^ the Gerolsau
Waterfall, carriages take the branch to the left, which remains on the
right bank of the Grobbach and V4 M. farther on tarns once more to the
left into the valley of the Urbach. After crossing the (*/* M.) Qrimbach^ the
road ascends the Urbach valley in numerous windings to the JSerrenineter
JSatiel (2895 fk.), whence the road to the Badener Hohe leads to the left. —
Walkers should choose the road (21/4 M. from the waterfall) ascending the
valley of the Qrimbach and passing the Ifeuhaut ; 1 M. farther on is a footpath
to the right, skirting the FdlU of the Orimbach. Above the falls we
cross the roaa \ Vz M. farther on, beside a solitary house (left), a second road
is crossed. From the (Vs M.) fork the left branch leads to the Herren-
wieser See, the right branch to the Badener Hohe (p. 890).
The Altb Scbloss (1 br.), lying 1000 ft. above Baden to the N,
(comp. PI. C, 2, D, 2, 1, and the Map ; omn., see p. 365), is reached
by a carriage-road ascending at first through meadows and orchards
and afterwards throngh fragrant pine- woods. Walkers should, how-
ever, ascend the Schloss-Str. (p. 367), and above the Schloss-
Garten follow the shortcuts avoiding the curves of the road. About
halfway is the Sophienruhe (1045 ft.), a projecting rock with a pa-
vilion, beyond which is a fresh spring. (The path diverging to the
left at the next bend leads to the Kellersbild, p. 372.) — From the
station we take the Leopold-Str., passing the Schiesshaus (comp.
PL A, B, 1), and then f(dlow the direction-posts (40 min. to the
Schloss).
The paths meet at the Schloss-Terrasse (1328 ft.), on which is an
excellent restaurant (official tariff), with shady seats in the open air.
The *Alte Schloss Hohenbaden is an extensive structure situated
on a buttress of the Battert , the waUg of which probably date in
part from the 3rd cent., when the Romans constructed some forti-
fications here. From the 11th cent. untU the construction of the
Neue Schloss (p. 367) it was the seat of the Margraves. The so-
called Rittersaal dates from the end of the 14th century. Since its
destruction by the French in 1689 the castle has been a complete
ruin, but the tower has been rendered accessible by steps (10 pf.).
The *View from the top embraces the valley of the Rhine from
Speyer to a point far beyond Strassburg (not itself visible) ; in the
foreground lies the charming valley of Baden, with its bright villas,
its light-green woods of beech and oak, and its sombre pine-forests ;
to the S. is the Black Forest with the Badener Hohe (morning light
most favourable).
To the S., on the summit of the Battert (1855 ft.), reached from
24*
372 Boute 46, BADEN. EbtrsUinhurg,
the Schloss in 74^^* (finger-post), rise the precipitoasFelsen (*rocks*3,
a number of fantastically-cleft masses of porphyry. A good path leads
through this chaos of rock, of which the FeUen-Brucke^ commanding
a magnificent view, is the finest point. Paths, provided with finger-
posts, lead hence to (8/4 hr.) the EberSteinburg, and also to the right
to the Teufelskanzel and the Mercuriusberg. An easier and shorter
route leads from the castle to the E. along the base of the Felsen.
About 2 H. to the K.W. of the Alte Schloss, on the Eardberg^ is the
Dreibwffm-Blick, affording a view of the Alte Schloss, the Tburg , and the
Ebersteinhurg. It may be reached from Baden yi& the Kellerabiid (p. 371)
or viH Badenschenern.
From the Alte Schloss at Baden and from Ebersteinhurg pleasant
paths lead through the woods (comp. Map at p. 868; the paths eventually
quit the woods) to (6 H. from Baden ; 1 M. from the station of Kuppen-
heim) the Favorite (430 ft), a chateau of the Grand-Duke, erected in r725,
in the rococo style, by the Margravine Sibylla Augusta, widow of the Mar-
grave Lewis William (d. 1707), who after the death of her husband su-
perintended the education of her sons for nineteen years, and then retired
to this spot. The interior is decorated in the taste of the period and
contains a valuable collection of porcelain. Small restaurant.
The Route fbom Baden to Eberstbinburg (872 M.) is by the old
Gernsbach road (PI. D, 2), ascending the valley to the E. between
the Battert and the Mercuriusberg. About 1/2 M. from the Old Cemetery
(p. 367), at the Morgenrothe Inn^ a pleasant path diverges to the
right to the Teufelskanzel. Farther on is the WcUdachlosschen Inn
(p. 363). Near the saddle of the hill (1225 ft.; •Wartburg Inn^
pens. 5 Jf) are two rocks known as the Teufelskanzel (1245 ft.) and
Engelskanzel (1280 ft.), both affording good views. To the right is a
pretty and almost level road, leading through wood to the Mercurius-
berg and the MiiUenbild (p. 373; pleasant return-route over the
Annaberg). The Ebersteinhurg road leads to the left. A little
farther on is a finger-post, also on the left, indicating the way to
the romantic Wolfssehlucht^ through the woods of which we may
ascend to the village of Ebersteinhurg.
From the village of Ebersteinhurg (1398 ft.; Krone, R. 2-4,
D. 21/2* pens. 5 ujf ; Hirsch) we ascend in 10 min. to the top of the
isolated eminence which bears the ruins of the castle of *Ebersteiii-
hjugf or the Alt-Eberstein (1605 ft. ; restaurant). Fine view from
the tower (10 pf.). The castle stands on Roman substructures, and
the present office dates from the 10-14th centuries. It was once
the seat of the Counts of Eberstein, and afterwards belonged to
the Margraves of Baden. Visitors should be familiar with Uhland's
ballad of the Count of Eberstein and the Emperor*8 daughter.
The MBBCUBIU8BEB.G, the highest mountain near Baden, may be
ascended in I72 ^^- ^Y one of several different routes. The car-
riage-road diverges on the above-mentioned saddle of the hill to
the right from the old Gernsbach road , passes near the Teufels-
kanzel, and leads to the top in long windings in less than an hour.
— - The shortest route starts from the Scheiben-Strasse in Baden (PL
C, D, 3), and crosses the Annaberg (995 ft.), a spur of the Merou-
Mercuriuabcrg, BADEN. 46. BotUe. 373
riusberg. At the top Is the reservoir of the Baden water- works, neai
which aie the Karlshof Restaurant^ with a garden commanding a fine
yiew, and theHofAnnaherg ; here we keep straight on, through wood
(numerous finger-posts). The easiest ascent quits the old Gemshach
road above the Morgenrothe Inn (p. 372) and leads to the right over
the Maisenkopfle (1120 ft.). From Lichtenthal we mount to the left
by the Kreuz Inn, leaving the Schaafberg (1050 ft.) to the right, and
then ascend the FaUcenhalde. — The summit of the Mercariasberg,
or Qrosse Staufen (2205 ft.), is occupied by a tower 76 ft. in height,
which commands a very extensive *View. The mountain derives its
name from a Roman votive stone found here, and now preserved in
a small niche made for its reception. — The above-mentioned car-
riage-road passes near the summit of the Mercuriusberg, skirts the
W. slope of the Kleine Staufenberg (2050 ft.), and at the Mullen-
bild joins the new road to Gernsbach (see below). Pedestrians may
reach Gernsbach from the Mercuriusberg in 1 hr. vi^ Staufenberg
(see below), by taking the path to the E. at the bifurcation of the
roads on the Binsenwasen (1695 ft. ; finger-post).
Fboh Baden to Gebnsbach (p. 391) by the new road vift
Lichtenthal and Beuern (p. 370), 6V2M. About 8/4 M. from the Pis-
cicultnral Establishment, the hamlet of Miillenbach (inn; 1056 ft.)
is reached, after which the road ascends very circuitously (pedestrians
effect a saving by proceeding straight on from the inn) to the so-
called MulUnbild (1260 ft.; 4V2 M. from Baden), where it divides
into two branches, that to the left descending to (2 M.) Gerns-
bach, and that to the right leading along the hill to (3 M.) Schloss
Eberstein (p. 392; omn., see p. 365). — The old road (6 M.) as far
as the saddle (1225 ft.) between the Teufelskanzel and the Engels-
kanzel Is described on p. 372. Fine view of the Murgthal in descend-
ing. On the right, after about 1 V4 M., where the road again ascends
a little, is the NeuhauSj a solitary inn. The road then descends the
hillside to the left to Gernsbach. Pedestrians descend by a steep
road to the right about 8 min. beyond the Neuhaus; V4 ^^' Staufen^
berg; 72^^- Oemsbach, (Comp. the Map, p. 368.)
To THB Fbemebsbbbo, wo may either follow the Werder-Str.
and Moltke-Str., passing the H6tel Kaiaerin Elisabeth (see p. 363);
or we may leave the Lichtenthaler AU^e by the Fremersberg-Str.
(PI. B, 5; p. 369), which diverges to the right, about Va M. from
the theatre, and in little more than V2 M. passes a group of houses
known as Tkiergarten. About */2 M. farther on the two routes unite,
beside the Hdtel Friih and the Hdtel-Restaurant zum Korbmaltfelsen
(also pension). The road then forks, the left branch leading to the
Korbmattfels (1700 ft.) and the Yburg (p. 374), and the right
through wood to (3 M.) the Fremersberg (1730 ft. ; Irhri), Another
attractive route ascends from Baden in l^/^ hr. past the Waldsee
(p. 369). The view from the top commands a wide survey of the
Rhine valley, We return by the (27? M.) Jagdhaus (800 ft.; own.,
«d by Google
374 Route 47. ACHERN. FromBadm
p. 365), with a frequented restaurant (also pension) commanding a
fine view of the Rhine Talley, to (88/4 M.) Baden.
To THE Ybubo, another favourite excursion (,5M.; omn., see
p. 366). The road ascends from the All^e-Haus (p. 369) among
gardens (view), skirts the £. slope of the KorbmaitftU (jp. 373),
traversing line woods, and reaches (4 M.) the shelter on the Lache
(1490 ft.), a narrow saddle, where numerous paths diverge. Hence
to the Yburg, about 1 M. The ancient Thurg (1695 ft. ; Inuj very
fair) was, like the Ebersteinburg, once a Roman watch-tower. Wide
view of the Black Forest Mts. and the Rhine valley, best in the
morning. From the Yburg to Steinhach (see below), 4^2 M. A
road and footpath descend to the H6tel zum Eorbmattfelsen (p. 373)
in 3/4-1 hr.
47. From Baden to Freiburg and BUe.
Comp. Maps, pp. 386^ 398^ 404^ and 418.
Railway to Fbeibdbo (66 M.) in 2Vs-4s/t hrs. (express fares 9 «# 80,
6 Jl 96, 4 ur 80 pf. ; ordinary 8 UT 70. 6 Jf 85, 8 UT 70 pf.) -, to Bale (106 M.)
in 4V«-7V4 hrs. (express fares 16 UT 30, 10 UT 96pf.i ordinary 13 UT 85,
9 Ur 20, 6ur 85 pf.). Finest views to the left.
Badeny see p. 362. — 21/2 M. OoSj see p. 362. — To the left rise
the Black Forest Mts. ; in the foreground the Yburg (see above\ —
41/2 M. 8in%heim. — Near (7 M.) Steinbacb (Stem, pens. 31/2-6'ur),
on a barren hill to the left, is a statue of Ertom, the architect of Strass-
burg Oathedral (p. 306), supposed to have been a native of Stein-
bach (d. at Strassburg, 1318). A road leads hence to the E. to (6M.)
the Tburg (see above). In the valley of the Steifibach, about 2 M.
from the station of that name, lies the village of Neuweier (605 ft. ;
Lamm) , with an ancient castle and excellent wine (*Mauerwein').
Hence to Baden, via Malschbach (p. 370), 6 M. ; to the Yburg
472 M. < — AffenihaUr, one of the best red wines of Baden, Is pro-
duced around (IY2 ^0 Affenthal (Auerhahn), to the S.£. The
Schartenherg (1710 ft.) is ascended from Affenthal in ^/^ hr.
10 M. Bfthl (446 ft. ; Babe, Badischer Hof, Stem, all very fair), a
thriving place with 33()0 inhabitants. The new Gothic church has a
handsome pierced spire ; the old church, with a tower dating from
the 16th cent. , is now the Rathhaus. On the hill to the S. £. rises the
ruined castle of Alt-Windeck (1285 ft. ; I74 hr.), with two towers,
once the seat of a powerful race which became extinct in 1592 (inn).
A fteam-tramway plies from Biihl to (24 M.) Kehl (p. 876) in 2 hrs. —
About 6 M. to the V.W. of Biihl lies Bchwartcuih, with a late-Romanesque
abbey-church of the i2th cent, (well restored).
Local railway up the BUhler-lhal to Oberthal, and road thence to the
8(md, PldtUg, etc., see p. 889.
IIV4 M. Ottersweier (Adler; Sonne), with 2400 inhabitants.
15 M. Aohem. — HoteU. Adleb, R. 1V«-8, pens, b-7 Jf\ Post, well
man ged, both ifi the town, about Vf M. from the station, -r Bapu i^ t^p
Acher,2dpf. DgtzedbyGoOglC
toBdle. OFFENBURG. 47. Route. 375
Carriaget at the station and hotels according to tariff: to Allerheiligen
16 j$i Brigittenschloss 12 j${ Breitenbrunnen 16 j$.
Achem (480 ft.), a thriving little town with 4000 inhah., lies
at the moath of the Kappeler-Thal. The market-place is adorned
with a monument to the Grand-Duke Leopold (d. 1852). The Lunatic
Asylum of IHenau, near Achern, accommodates 500 patients.
Branch-railway from Achem through the Eappeler-Thal to OtUnMfen
(Allerheiligen), see p. 396.
At Sasbach, I'/z M. to the K.E. of Achem, the French Marshal Turenne
fell in 1675 daring an engagement with the imperial General Montecuccoli.
The granite obelisk was erected by the French government in 1829.
Pleasant walk (1 hr.) past the Erlenbad (now a seminary for lady-
missionaries), 1 M. to the E. of Sasbach, and on to the ruins of Neu-Windeck
or Latter Schloss, perched on a precipitous rock above the village of Lauf.
From Lauf by Neu-Windeck or GlashUtte and by a new path vi| the Breiten-
biimnen Curhaut (p. 390) to the top of the Ifomisgrinde (p. 390), 3-3V3 hrs.
— The Brigittenschloss (or Hohenroder Schloss ; 2o00 ft.), picturesquely sit-
uated 7 M. to the E. of Achern, is insignificant as a ruin, but commands
a noble prospect. Halfway the road passes through Sasbachwalden (847 ft. ;
Bebstock; Stem), a beautifully-situated village, above which is the Oais-
MhU^ with waterfalls (inn).
19 M. jBenc^cn (Sonne ; Engel), with 2100inhab., at the mouth
of the Renchthaly with a monument to H. J. von Grimmelshausen,
the author of *Simplici8simu8', who died here in 1676. — 22 M.
Appenweier (450 ft. ; Railway Hotel), a village with 1700 In-
habitants. The railways to Strassbnrg and to Oppenau (see p. 397)
diverge here from the main line (change carriages).
Fbom Appenweibb to Kehx. and Strassburg, iSVz M.. railway in >/« hi'*
The line traverses the plain of the Kimig. which falls into the Rhine at
Kehl. 8 M. UgeUhurtts b^l^ M. Kork. — To the right is Fort Bote.
9 M. Kehl (460ft ; Saltnen^ near the station; Bltme, R. 13/4-3, D. 2V2 *M;
U. S. Consul, Joseph I. Britiain\ a small Baden town (4200 inhab.), was
erected by the French as a tSte-de-pnnt of Strassburg in 168S. Since the
bombardment of Strassburg in 1870 Kehl has been largely rebuilt. Kxcellent
baths nn the Rhine. — Steam-tramway to Bfihl, see p. 374. Another runs
in lV4hr,, vt& (9 M.) AHmheim (branch to Offenburg, see below), to (ISVa M.)
Oitenheim (station 17* M. from the Rhine bridge), where it joins the Lahr
tramway (p. 376).
At Kehl the Rhine is crossed by two iron bridges (p. 314). The train
traverses the lower of these, with a view (on the right) of the new Strass-
bui^ harbour and the Sporen-Insel. — Beyond (32 M.) Neudorf ii enters
the l»rge station of (iSVa M.) Strassburg (see p. 302).
From Appenweier to Oppenau^ see p. 397.
The line now runs parallel with the mountains of the Black
Forest. In the distance to the left rises the castle of Staufenberg
(1266 ft.), founded in the 11th cent, by Otho of Hohenstaufen,
Bishop of Strassburg, and now the property of Prince William of
Baden. It is much visited (II/2 hr.) for its splendid view from
(241/2 M.) Windschlag, the next station, vi& (3 M.) Durhach (Rltter ;
Linde).
27 M. Offenbnrg, — Hotels. Railway Hotel, with garden, R. ft-om 2,
B. 1. D. 2V« J(; Oppenbdbgeb Hop, R. 1V4-2, D. iy<-i*/4 Jl; Ochse, R. H/i-S,
D. i^ltj$\ Rhbinibcheb Hop; Schwarzer Adler or Post; Sonne, good
wine \ the last four in the town. -^ Jiailtoap Restaurant, ^- Steam-tramway
to Altenheim, see above, ^ j
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
376 BouiedJ. LAHB. From Baden
Offeriburg (530 ft.), a small town on the Kintigf with 13,700 in-
hab., was once an imperial town, and down to the Peace of Press-
burg the capital of the district of Orienau or Mortnau. It contains
a statue of Sir Francis Drake, *the introducer of the potato into
Europe, 1586/ by Friedrioh, a monument with the bust of the
naturalist Oken (d. 1851), and a modern Gothic Protestant Church
in red sandstone with an open-work tower. — A pleasant excursion
may be made to the E., tII ZeU, to the top of the Brandeckkopf
(2270 ft.; Tiew-tower).
From Offenbnrg to ffautaeh^ Triberg, and Constance, see p. 400.
The train crosses the Kinzig, On a hill to the left rises Schloss
Ortenberg (p. 400). 32V2 M. Nieder'Schopfheim; 35 M. Friesen-
helm. — 38 Vt M. Dinglingen (530ft.), the junction of a branch-line
to (2 M.) Lahr (660 ft. ; *8onne ; Krauss ; beer at the Bajjpcn),
an industrial town with 13,600 inhab., in the Schutter-Thal, It
contains a venerable Abbey Church, a modern Roman Catholic Church,
an old Raihhaus, and a War Monument. In the Dinglingen suburb,
beyond the Christus-Kirche, is the 8tadt-Park, containing the muni-
cipal collections and library and monuments to Bismarck and the
poet Eichrodt (1827-92). Near the old Storehen-Thurm are the
remains of a reservoir of the 12th century.
A Stbax Tkauwat rans from Lahr to IHngUngen and (7i/s M.) Otims-
heim (see above and p. 375), and in the other direction, up the BehvtUr-Thal,
to (3 M.) Reiehenbwh and (41/3 M.) Sselbach. From Beichenbach a road leads
to the £., vi& Hohen-aeroldseek, to Biberaeh (p. 400).
In the graveyard of Meiuehhetm, 7M. to theN.W. of Dinglingen, rests
Frederica Brion (d. 1813), Goethe's early love (see p. 298). *Ein Strahl der
Dichtersonne fiel auf sie, so reich, dass er Unsterblichkeit ihr lieh\
41 1/2 M. Kippenheim(6Sb ft. ; Anker), amarket-town, lying 72 M.
from the station, was the birthplace of Stul%, the rich tailor (p. 370),
and possesses a monument to him. — The castle of Mahlberg, on a
basaltic hill to the left, above the small town of that name (595 ft. ;
Prinz), was once the seat of the old Baden governors. In the middle
ages it belonged to the Hohenstaufen family.
From (441/2 M.) Orschweier (546 ft.; Krone) a narrow-gauge
railway runs via Orafenhausen and Kappel to (5 M.) the Rhine (op-
posite Rheinau, on the left bank, whence there is a steam-tramway
to Strassburg); and, in the other direction, through fine woods, to
Ettenheim (Deutscher Hof), Munchweiery and the (5 M.) small baths
of Ettenheimmunster.
A melancholy interest attaches to Bttenheim as the spot where the
Dae d'Enghien was arrested by order of Kapoleon on the night of 13th
March, 1^, to be shot at Vincennes six days later.
46 M. Ringsheim (view from the Kalenberg, 1020 ft. ; «/4^0- be-
tween (471/2 M.) Herbolzheim and (50 M.) Kenzingen the line crosses
the Bleiche, Farther on it crosses the Elt twice. Above Hecklingen
are the ruins of Lichtenegg, once a seat of the Counts of Tiibingen. To
the W. Is the Leopold Canal, which drains this once marshy district.
53 M. Biegel (690 ft.), the station for the Kaisersiuhl RaOway,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
toBdle. FREIBURG. 47. Route. 377
which runs to (8/4 M.) the small town of Biegel (Kopf), where it
forks, one hranch skirting the £., the other the N. and W. slopes
of the Kaiserstuhl-Oebirge, a hasaltic and Ylne-clad hill-district
ahout 42 sq. M. in area, which rises from the plain in upwards of
40 peaks hetween the Dreisam and the Rhine.
Kaisbbstdhl Railway. The E. branch of the railway runs viSl Bah-
lingen^ Nimbwg , EichsteUen^ and BOtzingen to (8 H.) Gottenheim (p. 384).
From Botzingen a road ascends via (Vs M) Obenehaffhniuen (Krone; Bad)
tojl hr.) the saddle between the EicheltpiUe (12^0 ft.) and the Neanlindenherg
{VsSi ft.), whence we may ascend the Todtmkopf (1835 ft. \ view), the highest
point of the Kaiserstuhl. We may descend Yi& the stud-farm of Lilienthal
to (IV4 br) Ihringen (p. 384). — The stations on the N. and W. branch
are more interesting. 272 M* Bndingen (Hineh; P/auen)^ a small town
(2900 inhab.) with a Rathhaos of the 16th cent., is a good starting-point
for a walk through the Eaiserstuhl-Gebirge. From (6 M.) Scubach (L5we)
we may visit (}/% hr.) the extensive ruin of Limbwg (880 ft. ; view), the
birthplace of Rudolph of Hapsburg (1218). On the Rhine, IV4 M. from (8 H.)
JecJUinffen^ is the ruin of Sponeck. 9VsM. Burlheim; 11 M. Rothtceil; 13 M.
Aehkarrmp 151/2 H. BreUach (p. 384).
55 M. KSndringen. On the hill (%hr.) is the ruined castle of
Landeek, — 57 M. Emmendingen (Post, very fair; Sonne) , with two
modern churches. Beyond it, on a hill to the left, are (3 M.) the exten-
sive ruins of the Hoc^tif^, dismantled in 1689 by order of Louis XIY.
The train now crosses the canalized Elz. 60 M. Kollmarsreuthe.
— 61 M. Dentlingen; branch-line to Elzach, see p. 411.
The Olotterbach is then crossed, the pretty wine-growing valley
of which extends to the foot of the Kandel. — Near Freiburg (left)
stands the watch-tower of the ruined castle of Zahringen, once the
seat of a powerful race, which became extinct in 1218 by the death of
Count Berthold V. We now pass a large prison (left) and reach —
66 M. Freiburg. — Hotels. Near the Station: *Zahbimqer Hof (PI. a),
opposite the station, with lift, R. d-6Vt, B. IV4, D. 31/2, pens, from 8 j$;
*HdTBL DB L^EuBOPs (PI. b), a few min. to the K. of the station, R. 21/3-4,
B. 1V4) D- 3, pens. T^/rS jU; HOtel Victobia, Eisenbahn-Str. 64, next door
to the Post Office, very fair; Trescheb zum Pfaubn (PI. e), Friedrich-Str. 61,
at the comer of Bahnhof-Str., with garden-restaurant, R. Vft^y B. 1, D. 1V2-3,
pens, from 67* •^i ^^^ t9ST\ Bahnhof-Hotbl, Bismarck-Str. 3; Salmen,
comer of Berthold-Str. and Moltke-Str., R IV4-2V2, both unpretending. — In
the Town: *'Romi8chbb Kaiseb (PI. h), Kaiser-Str. 120', Enokl (PI. c), Engel-
Str., near the Minster; Hotel Geist (PI. g), opposite the W. portal of the
Hinster; Rhbihisghbb Hof (PI. i), Miinster-Platz 15; these four are old-
established houses, with a local and commercial connection (R. from U/2,
B. V4-I1 !>• 2-2V2 Jt). Fbbibubobb Hof, Kaiser-Str. 130 , to the S. of the
Martinsthor; *HdTEL Thomann, at the corner of Belfort-Str. and Werder-Str.,
with caf^-restaurant; charges at these two, R. from li/tU^B. 80 pf., pens, from
6 J(. *H5t.-Be8Taubant Gass, Garten-Str. 6, R. 1V4-2, B. V4, pens. 41/2^ Jf;
H6t.-Rb8taubant Hohbkzollebn, Giintersthal-Str. 67, B. V/t-'dy B. */*, pens.
4-6 Jf. — The following are unpretending: Wildeb Mann (PI. f), Salz-Str. 80;
Mabkobaflbb Hof, Gerberau 2i\ Breisqaueb Hof, Kaiser-Str. 137.
Pensions. Bellevue^ Giintersthal-Str. 69 (pens. 4V2-7Ulf); UtZy Friedrich-
Str. 87 (4-7 J(); Zahn, Zahringer-Str. 7 (4-6 Jt); Beau^Si^our, Werder-Str. 8
(6-7 UT); Rosenerk, Fahnenberg-Platz 2 (R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens. 7-8 JT);
Ott, Friedrich-Str. 39 (41/2-6 Jf).
Bettanrants k Cafis. *Kop/^ Engel-Str. 5, to the N. of the Minster,
with old-German drinking-room and garden, D. from ly^Jf; "Zum Martini'
thor, dose to the gate of the same name (p. 382), wine upstairs, beer down-
tJ78 Route 47. FREIBURG. From Baden
stairs; Alf« Burse, Bertbold-Str. 5-, Wiener Ca/4, FranzUianer, both near
the war-monument; *DUtseh'Hetterieh. Sals-Str. 26; RommeVs Sehldaseken^
aboye the Schwabenthor (view). — Wine: *Briem^ Schiflf-Str. 5; Hummel,
Mdnster-Platz 22 ; Bim, Raiser-Str. 134. — Confectioner. Wol^finger, Kaiser-Str.
— Variety Theatre, Colosseum, Belfort-Str.
The *Btadt-Oarten, with fine grounds, good restaurant, and a large
hall for concerts, is a favourite summer-resort. Annual subscription 10 Jf ;
for a week 1, for 6 weeks 3 jH, one day 20 pf., on Sun. free after 1 p.m.;
adm. to concerts in the afternoon and evening, 30, 40, 60 pf.
Baths at the ^Marienbad, Marien-Str., open all the year. Swimmimg
Baths on the Dreisam and at the Lorettoberg. Special 'Bathers^ Trains*
run to the Rhine Baths at the bridge of Breisach (p. 385).
Gabs. Per V« br., one-horse, for 1-2 pers. 60, 3-4 pers. 1 Jt. two-horse,
70 pf.. 1 Jt; V« hr. 1 ur, 1 Ur 50, 1 ur 40 pf.. or 2 J; V* hr. 1 UT 50 pf.,
2 ur, 2 ur, 2 ur 80 pf.; i hr. 2 ur, 2 ur So, 2 ur eo, 3 ur 40 pf. From
10 p.m. (in winter 9 p.m.) to 6 a.m., double fares. — To the Schlostberg
(Kanonen- Plata), one-horse 3V2-4, two -horse 5-6 •#; Loreito 2Jf-2JfeO,
8 ur-3 Jf 80; GUntersthal, IV2-2, 2 UT 60-3 Ui^; Kybbvrg, 2V2-8, 4-5 UT. For
a tour comprising Loretto, Waldsee, Littenweiler, Ebnet. Earthaus, 8Uf;
Schlossberg, St. Ottilien, Earthaus, 9 Ji ; Luisenhdhe, Horben, Bobrer,
Giintersthal, 10.4^. — Luggage, beyond 22 lbs., 20 pf. per package.
Electric Tramways (10 pf ) from the station to the Schwarzwald-Str.
(red sigQ C); to the Wiehre station (white sign B), changing cars at the
Eaiser-Str. to the Eennweg, on the K., and Loretto-Str., on the S. (yellow
•sign A); to the Wonnhalde-Str. (Bebhaus, 15 pf.) and Giintersthal (20 pf.;
.green sign D).
Post and Telegraph Office (PI. 14), Eisenbahn-Strasse.
United States Oommercial Agent, Mr. E. T. Li^feld.
English Ohuroh (S8. George is Boniface), Thumsee-Str. 59, beyond the
Dreisam; services at 8 (H. C), 11, and 6 0.30 in winter). Chaplain: Rev.
L. 0. Tuffwaiy M. A., Bromberg-Str. 86.
Principal Attractions. The traveller should follow the Eisenbahn-Str.
from the station through the town as far as the Eaiser-Str., then turn
to the right, follow the Salz-Str. to the Schwabenthor. and ascend the
Schlossberg, a walk of 25 minutes. On the way back cross the Oarls-Platz
to the Minster and Kau/haus (exterior), traverse the broad Eaiser-Strasse
(Fountains, War Monument, Protestant Church), and return to the station
by the Friedrich-Strasse. The best ^Yiew is obtained from the Lorettoberg
by evening-light (cab from the station and back in 1-1 Vs br.).
Frcifturgr (920 ft.), situated In the Breisgau, 11 M. from the
Rhine, vies with Baden and Heidelberg In the beanty of its en-
virons. The mountains of the Black Forest, the picturesque hills
in the vicinity , the populous and fertile plain , bounded by the
vine-clad Kaiserstuhl, and the lovely valley of the Dreisam, all
combine to render the situation highly attractive.
The town owes its origin to JHiie Berthold I J. of Zdhringen, who found-
ed it about 1091. and it remained in possession of his successors till the
line became extinct in 1218. For over 400 years Freiburg belonged to the
House of Hapsbnrg; it snfTered much in the Thirty Tears^ War; it was
taken by the French in 16T7, fortified by Vauban, and confirmed to them
by the Peace of Nymwegen in 1678; by the Peace of Ryswyck in 1697 it
was given back to Austria, but it was captured by Villars in 1713, after an
obstinate defence. It was again restored to Austria by the Peace of Rastatt
in 1714, plundered and to a great extent destroyed by the French in 1745,
and then, after the destruction of the fortifications, once more made over
to Austria by the Peace of Aix-la-Ghapelle in 1748. The Breisgaa, a
hereditary possession of the house of Austria, of which Freiburg was the
capital, was annexed to Baden by the Peace of Pressburg in 1806, and t|ie
tow» thus restored to the representatives of tjie house of Zahringen,
Digitized by VjOOQ
y Google
to nau. FREIBURG. 47. Route. 379
Freiburg is the chief city of the upper Rhenish province of
Baden, and since 1456 has heen the seat of a university, now
attended by about 1800 students, and since 1827 of an archbishop.
Population, including the suburbs of Herdem (N.), Wiehre and
Guntersthal (S.), Haslach and Stuhlinger (W.)« about 61,500, of
whom 17,000 are Protestants and 1000 Jews. Silk, chicory, pottery,
buttons, machinery, etc., are largely manufactured in and around the
town, which is also the chief market for the productions of the Black
Forest. The streets are supplied with streams of pure water from
the Dreisam, which gives them an agreeable freshness in summer,
and the town is surrounded with a girdle of pretty promenades
and villas. Freiburg Is indeed one of the pleasantest towns in
Germany, and its inhabitants have long been noted for their good-
nature and courtesy. It is much patronised as a residence by retired
North German officials.
The railway-station is connected with the town by the Eisbn-
bahk-Stbassb, which passes the monument of Rottecky the historian
(d. 1840; PI. 3). Crossing the Werder-Str., which leads to the
right to the Alltfe-Garten (p. 882) , and the Rotteck-Platz, which
diverges to the left, we reach the Fbanziskanbb-Platz, in which
stand the Gothic Church of 8t. Martin (F\. 11), with a new tower
and part of the ancient cloisters, the Rathhaus (16th cent.), adorned
with frescoes, and the quaint Old TJniversttyj now annexed to the
Rathhaus. The relief on the S. oriel window of the last, represent-
ing a unicom-hunt (1643), should be noticed. In the centre of the
square is a statue of the Franciscan Berthold Schwart (PI. 4), the
alleged inventor of gunpowder (1330 ; at Freiburg), as the reliefs
indicate. — Close by, Berthold-Str. 17, is the present University y
formerly a convent. A new building is under consideration.
We next reach the broad and handsome Kaisbb-Stbassb,
which intersects the town from N. to S. In the centre rises an
old Fountain of the late-Gothic period, embellished with a num-
ber of old and modern figures. To the S. of it is a modern foun-
tain, with a statue of Berthold III., and inscriptions to the memory
of that prince, the law-giver of Freiburg (1120), of his brother
Conrad, the founder of the Minster (1123), of Archduke Albert,
the founder of the University, and of Charles Frederick of Baden,
the ^Nestor of princes*, in whose honour the fountain-column was
erected in 1807. To the N., in the same street, is another modern
fountain (1868), with a stetue of Archduke Albert VI. — No. 51,
on the E. side of the street, is the Easier Hof, now a government
office, with a handsome frescoed facade of the 15-16th centuries. —
A little farther on is the War Monument, p. 382.
The Munster - Strasse leads straight to the W. portal of the
Minster, in front of which rise three lofty Columns (1719) bearing
statues of the Virgin, St. Alexander, apd St, Lambert, its patron*
^^^^^^' Dgtzed by Google
380 BouU 47. FREIBURG. From Baden
The ^Cathedral or Xinstery the tower of which is the earliest
and most perfect of its kind, is one of the finest Gothic build-
ings in Germany, and has justly been admired from a very early per-
iod. The church, which is constructed entirely of dark-red sand-
stone, was begun at a period when the Gothic style had not as yet
become naturalised in Germany. We accordingly find that the
transept with the side-towers, the oldest part of the edifice, dating
from the 12th cent., is in the Romanesque style. The nave was
begun before 1250 , and the difficulty found In bringing the new
Gothic forms into harmony with the older style Is clearly illustrated
In the two E. bays, adjoining the earlier transept. The completion
of the nave (after 1260) was accomplished by some younger archi-
tect of marked ability , who also added the final stories and spires
to the side-towers, and about 1270 began the main tower, which
was carried above the bell-chamber before 1301. The construction
of the choir was begun in 1354 by Johannes of Omiindy but it was
not completed till the beginning of the 16th cent. (1513). The
Renaissance portico of the S. transept was added in the 17 th
century.
The most artistic part of the whole building is the **Towery
which is 380 ft. in height. The three bold and simple stories at once
reveal their structural significance : the massive square basement,
the lofty octagonal bell-tower, and the airy pyramid of perforated
masonry, which the octagon, both in form and ornamentation, serves
harmoniously to connect with the square base. When viewed cor-
nerwise the entire tower has the appearance of an uninterrupted
pyramid. — The four knightly figures on the buttresses are supposed
to be the last members of the Zahringen family. On the N. but-
tresses are carved standard-measures for loaves of bread, bricks, etc.,
along with the dates, the earliest of which is 1270.
The Portico is richly adorned with allegorical sculptures of vary-
ing excellence ; some of the female figures are specially fine. The
colouring was renewed in the 17th cent, and again in 1879.
On the Central Pillar of the portal is the Madonna and Child; on the
sides are represent itions of the Annunciation and Visitation (right) and
Adoration of the Magi (left>, also of Judaism overthrown (right) and the
Church triumphant (left). In the pediment over the portal is pourtrayed
the farther history of the Saviour down to his return at the Last Day. In
the niches are angels and Biblical and allegorical figures. — On the right of
the portico are the Foolish Virgins, the Seven Liberal Arts, and SS. Catha-
rine and Margaret. On the left are the Wise Virgins, the Heavenly Bride-
groom, Abraham, John the Baptist, Mary Magdalen, Zacharias with the
angel , and finally Wantonness (a nude female form) and Worldliness (a
fashionable youth, with a rose-crowned goblet).
Among the other sculptures on the exterior of the Minster may be men-
tioned a Romanesque bishop at the S. portal, the Death of the Vii^n above
the S. choir-door, and the Creation (14th cent.) above the K. choir-door.
The" *lNTBKioR (354 ft. long, 102 ft. wide, 85ft. high), consisting
of nave and aisles, transept, choir, and ambulatory, produces an im-
pression of greater antiquity than the contemporaneous cathedral of
:«dbyGOO^,
to Bdle. FREIBURG. 47. Route. 381
Strassburg , whicli it resembles in several particulars (e.g. in the
fine Tose-windows inserted in square frames at the W. end of the
aisles). The progress of the construction (see p. 380) may he traced
In the increasing elegance , from E. to W., of the capitals in the
blind arcades of the aisles. The late-Gothic choir terminates in a
wreath of chapels, so arranged that the central axis of the cathedral
is occupied by a pillar. The church has been restored since 1880.
It is open daily after 9.30 a.m. (the sacristan , MUnster-Platz 29,
admits visitors to the choir ; fee 50 pf .).
Navb. On the central column of the portal is a fine early- Gothic
Madonna with angels. The twelve Apostles, by the pillars, are somewhat
rongh specimens of sculpture. The Pulpit y executed by Jevg Kemp/ in
156ff is said to be hewn out of a single block of stone ; the portrait of the
artist is introduced under the steps. — The arch at the intersection of
the nave and transept is embellished with a fresco by L. Seitt, executed in
1877, and representing the Coronation of the Virgin.
Aisles. The windows contain good stained glass, chiefly of the 14th cent.,
bat largely re*arranged in modern times and patched with glass from other
churches. Two of the windows are modem. — N. Aisle (left). The so-
called Grafen-Capelle , with a Mt. of OUves by /. Kemp/ (1558) , had no
entrance from the interior of the cathedral until 1829. Tombs witli modem
marble statues of archbishops of Freiburg. The sculptured groups in the
Chapel of the Eucharist are by Xav. Earner (1805). — S. Aisle. To the
right of the Sepulchral Chapel (lith cent.; exterior 1578) is the tomb of
a knight (14th cent.), said to mark the grave of the last Zahringer (p. 878).
TsANSEPTs. The Renaissance arcades, removed to their present po-
sition in 1789, were originally erected in 1580 by H. Bdringer^ as screens
between the choir and transepts. The carved wood-work of the side-altars
is old. That on the right with the Adoration of the Magi, by /. Wydym
(1505), is the finest. — The curious Romanesque frieze with scenes frova.
tiie medieeval bestiaries, at the S. entrance to the ambulatory, should be
noticed. In the passage is a Romanesque relief representing Samuel anoint-
ing David.
Ghoib. On the wall (right) a monument of General de Rodi (d. 1743);
on the left, tombstones of a ()ount and Countess of Freibui^ (14th cent.) ;
farther on, modem statues of the last scions of the Zahringen family, by
Xcno. Hauser (19th cent.). — The "High-AUar-Pieee is the chief work of
Hant Baldung Orien (1511-16): in the centre, Coronation of the Virgin with
the Apostles on each side ; on the left wing. Annunciation and Visitation ; on
the right wing, Kativity and Flight into Egypt ; on the outside, SS. Jerome
and John the Baptist (left) and SS. Lawrence and George (right). On the
back is a Crucifixion, with portraits of the donors and painter below.
Choir Chapels. The stained glass (first half of the l6th cent.) is dam-
aged ; in some cases the originals have been replaced by copies , and
several of the windows are entirely modem. — 1st Chapel. Winged altar-
Siece (early 16th cent.) : in the centre SS. Augustine, Anthony, and Rochus,
S. Sebastian and Christopher on the wings; as antependium, a wall-
tapestry of 1501, with the Adoration of the Shepherds. Other portions of
this tapestry in the next two chapels. — 2nd (University) Chapel. *Holbein
the Younger y Nativity, and Adoration of the Magi, painted about 1520,
brought hither from Bale after the Reformation ; the paintings on the out-
side are of later date and little value. Next to it, the Portrait of Mich.
KUblin, dated 1600 (covered). Near it are memorial stones to former pro-
fessors. The second or Imperial Chapel, to the left behind the high-altar,
contains the remains of the so-called ^Snewlin Altar-piece', by Hant Baldung
Orieny with the Baptism of Christ and St. John in Patmos. — The next
or Bocklin Ch{»>el has a Romanesque Crucifix in silver-gilt (11th cent.). —
The Locherer Chapel contains an interesting carved altar-piece, by J. Sixt
(1524), representing the Madonna, with her protecting robe outspread, an
SS. Anthony and Bernard.
y Google
BLACK FOREST. 48. Route. 387
10th. By the Albstrasse to Albbruck (p. 481); railway to Wchr (p. 427). —
11th. Wehra-Thal to Todtmooaan (p. 428), via Gersbach to Atzenbach
(p. 426), railway to Schonau (p. 426). — 12th. Belchen (p. 425), Blauen,
and Badenweiler, 9 hrs. (p. 420).
The Schwarzwald-Verein (annual subscription 5 Jf) has greatly facil-
itated pedestrian excursions throughout the entire district, by making
footpaths, erecting guide-posts, etc. The so-called Hohenwbg, which
runs from Pforzheim (p. 358), via Wildbad (p. 353), Sand (p. 889), Hornis-
grinde (p. 890), Bahstein (p. 391), Kniebis (p. 399), Hausach (p. 401),
Schonach (p. 401), Brend (p. 409), Thumer (p. 413), TiUsee (p. 415), Feld-
berg (p. 417), Belchen (p. 425), Blauen (p. ^), and Kandern (p. 423) to
Bale, is marked throughout by a red parallelogram on a white ground.
The approach-routes, e.g. from Baden-Baden to Sand, are marked with a
blue parallelogram on a white ground. Oomp. Bussaner't 'Der Hohenweg
von Pforzheim bis Basel' (Ferd. Spies, Baden-Baden, 50 pf.).
Cyclists find excellent roads, not only in the valleys but also in the
more elevated regions of the Black Forest, though, of course, the gradients
are often steep.
The most complete guidebook to the Black Forest is Schnar^s Bchwarz-
waldfUhrer (Heidelberg \ C. Winter).
Inns. Gl^ood inns are found practically everywhere. Living, even in
the remotest districts, is no longer so remarkably cheap as formerly; the
following is the average scale : R. IV2-2V2 UT, B. 60 pf. to 1 UT. D. IV2-2V2 UT,
pens, from 4 or 5 Ul. In engaging rooms beforehand it is always necessary
to follow up the preliminary letter or telegram with a second, definitely
accepting the terms offered by the landlord.
Of all the wooded districts of Germany, none presents so beau-
tiful and varied landscapes as the Blaclc Forest or 8chwarzwaldj
especially the W. portion, belonging to Baden, the spurs of which
decline precipitously towards the plain of the Rhine, whilst the E.
slopes are more gradual. The Kinzig-Thal (p. 400) divides the moun-
tains of the Black Forest into two portions, which are also distinct
in regard to their geological formation: viz. the Lower Black Fobbst
to the N. , consisting chiefly of variegated sandstone, and cul-
minating in the Homisgrinde (3825 ft. ; p. 390) ; and the Uppbb
Black Fobbst to the S., in which granite and gneiss predominate, and
of which the Feldberg (4000ft.; p. 417), the Herzogenhom (4650 ft.j
p. 418j, the Belchen (4640 ft.; p. 425), and the Bdrhalde (4330 ft.)
are the highest mountains. The lower heights are covered with
fragrant pine-forests ; at about 3250 ft. trees become sparser ; and
above 3950 ft. grass only is found. The populous valleys are generally
fertile and well cultivated, and mineral springs are numerous.
The staple commodity is timber, which is floated down the prin-
cipal streams to the Rhine , where larger rafts are constructed and
navigated to Holland. The great timber-merchants, locally called
'Schiffer', have been for centuries formed into the so-called
*Schiffer-Gesellschaften' (p. 392), whose profits are divided in shares
termed 'Stamme'. Their extensive forests are known as 'Schiffer-
wald' in contradistinction to the 'Herrschaftliche Wald*, or private
property. The chief branch of industry in the Black Forest is clock-
making, while straw-hats, brushes, and wooden wares are also
largely manufactured. In this prosperous district beggars are un-
known. In some of the remoter valleys the women still wear their
25,t)Ogle
388 Route 48, HEREENALB. Black Forest.
national costume, especially on Sundays. To German scholars the
charms of the Black Forest will he much enhanced hy a perusal of
the Allemannische Oediehte of Hebel,
a. From CarlBruhe and Ettlingen or from Oemsbach to Herrenalb.
From Garlsmbe, 16 M., Elbctbic Railway (Albthalbahn) in aboat 1V< br.
(fares 1 uT TO, 2 U(^ 60 pf. ; from Ettlingen 1 UT 20, 80 pf.).
From Gemsbach, 71/3 M., Dilioxkoe twice daily in summer in 2 hrs.
carriage-and-pair 12 Ji.
The Elbcjtmc Ra.ilway, starting at the Mess-Platz, near the
central railway-station (PI. D, 3) in Oarlsruhe, runs vi^ Eupfur to
(5 M.) Ettlingen (p. 361), where it enters the industrial valley of
the Alh. — From (7 M.) Busenback a branch-line runs vifi Itters-
hach to Pforzheim (22 M.; p. 353). -- 12 M. MarxzeU, at the mouth
of the Maisenhach. — 13^2 M. Frauenalb (Klosterhof) , with a
convent, founded in 1138 and suppressed in 1803. At the Stein-
hausle we cross the boundary of Wurtemberg. — 16 M. Herrenalb.
The Bo AD FBOM Gbbnsbach (p. 391) to Hebbenalb ascends to
the N.E., crosses the Wurtemberg boundary, and reaches (3 M.)
Loffenau (1050 ft.; Adler; Stern), a long village with a new red
sandstone church. Thence we may ascend the (1^/4 hr.) Teufels-
muhle (2985 ft. ; refuge-hut). — From Loffenau the road ascends to
the (2V2 M.) Kdppele (1745 ft.), shortly before which a finger-post
indicates the way to the (IV2 M.) Heukopf (2260 ft.), commanding
another fine view. From the Kappele to Herrenalb is a descent of
2V2 M. A considerable saving is effected by the footpath which di-
verges to the left (finger-post) about 100 paces beyond the church.
Herrenalb. — Hotels. *Gushaus Hebbsnalb, a hydropathic establish-
ment, pens. 60-70 Ul weekly \ Gdb-Hotel & Sanatobidm Huhhelsbdbo, with
baths, pens, from Q J( ; Villa Falkenstein, pens. 6-8 Jf ; HStbl zub Post,
B. '2-4, pens. 51/2-8 J( ; Sonne ^ Bellevtje ; Stern ; K6bleb Bbdnnen. pens.
6 J(, very fair. — Private Apartments. — Visitors^ Tax^ 8 j$ for Mo days,
4 .4^ for a fortnight or more. ConversationsJuttUj with reading and entertain-
ment rooms, on the left bank of the Alb.
Herrenalb (1200 ft.), a village with 1300 inhab., on both banks of
the Alb, is frequented on account of its equable and somewhat moist
climate. The once celebrated Benedictine abbey, founded in 1148,
was destroyed by the Swedes in 1642. The church contains the
tomb of the Margrave Bemhard of Baden (d. 1431), with a recum-
bent figure. In the churchyard are remains of cloisters of the 12th
cent., with tombs of the abbots and a portal of the 15th century.
Pleasant walk of 20 min. to the Falkenstein (1425 ft.), a huge granite
rock rising from the valley. — Other excursions may be made vi& the
Eisswasen (1850 ft.) and the Oroue Loch (2540 ft.) to the (2V4 hrs.) refuge-hut
on the TeufelsmUhU (see above); to the S.E. via Qaisihal to the (3V2 hrs.)
ffohloh (p. 354); and to the view-tower on the Malberg (2010 ft.), etc.
Fbom Hebbbnalb to Wild bad, 8 M. The road runs via (3>/4 M.) Dobei
(Sonne, pens, from 4V2 »S; Waldhorn; extensive view from the Signai-^
2340 ft., V4 M.) and the £yach-Milhle (1570 ft.). Shorter footpaths through
the woods. — Diligence to NeuenhUrgy see p. 853.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Black Forest. BUHLER-THAL. 48, BouU. 38ft
b. From Bfthl through the B&hler-Thal to the Sand (Pl&ttig) and
Hundseok, and to Allerheiligen vi& the Homisgrinde and the
Bnhstein.
From Biihl to Oberthca^ S»U M., branch-railway in 32 min. (fares 45,
30pf.)'> thence omnibus every morning to the OertObacJi'Thal (80 pf.), WU'
denfeUtn (1 J( 80), Sand (2 J( 20), and Sundseek (2 UT 60 pf.). Families
wiu luggage should hire from Biihl (or even from Baden-Baden) : to the
Wiedenfelsen (2 hrs.) 14 Jf, Sand (2V2 hrs.) 16, Plattig 16, Hundseck 18 Jl.
— On Foot : from Oberthal to the Sand or direct to the Hundseck, 2V2 hrs. \
ascent of the Homisgrinde from the Hundseck, 2*/4 hrs. ; thence to Buh-
stein S-SVs hrs., and to Allerheiligen l*/4 hr. more.
Buhly see p. 374. The railway, mainly used for goods-traffic,
ascends the industrial Bfihler-Thal, or valley of the Buhlott. From
fiy^ "M..) Kappelwindeck we may reach the ruin ot Alt-Windeck
p. 374) in 1 hr., vli Biegel^ and then follow paths through wood to
the (2V4hr8.) Hundseck (p. 390). — 21/2 M. Altschweieri 3 M.
Buhlerthal (Griiner Baum ; Engel). — 38/4 M. Oberthal (Badischer
Hof ; Wolf) is the terminus.
The road forks here, the left arm leading to the Schwanenwasen
(2115 ft. ; Cur-Hdiel, R. 1-3, B. 1, D. 21/2, S. IV2, pens. 5-7 UT;
omnibus from Baden-Baden 21/2 '^ y p. 371), the right to the
Sand and Plattig. We follow the latter. About 1 M. from Ober-
thal a road diverges on the right for (IV2 M.) Buchkopf, a summer-
resort. Farther on, on the right, is the Schindelpeter Inn, and to
the left is a picturesqe footpath ascending via the Falkenfela and
Fohrenfels to the (li/4 hr.) Plattig (see below). The road continues
to ascend the valley of the Wiedenbach, and beyond a sharp curve
(3 M. from Oberthal), where a footpath for the (40 min.) Sand
diverges to the left, makes a bend and reaches the *Curhau8 Wieden-
felsen (2270 ft. ; R. from 2, B. 1, D. 21/2, pens. 6-8 UT), which
commands a beautiful view down the valley.
Walkers take the narrow road which diverges to the right about 2V4 M.
from Oberthal and leads in 20 min. to the Waldhom Inn, at the month of
the '^C^ertelbaoh-Schluoht. An easy footpath ascends through the pictur-
esque ravine, at the (35 min.) head of which is a guide-post indicating the
route to the (40 min.) Hundseck (p. 390). We, however, turn to the left
and reach the (6 min.) road, V« M. from the Gurhaus Wiedenfelsen.
About V4 M. beyond the Curhaus the road again curves to the
N. (to the right is the above-mentioned path to the Gertelbach-
Schlucht), and, after passing the Bdrenfels (Sohwarzwald Hotel,
pens, from 6 •#), it reaches its highest point (2715 ft.) at the
Sand (41/3 M. from Oberthal, IV2 M. from Wiedenfelsen). The
*Inn am Sand (R. 2-6, D. 3, pens. 6V2-IO uT), the oldest of the
many summer-resorts in this part of the Black Forest, is situated
at the intersection of the roads from the Buhler-Thal to the Murg-
thal and from Baden to the Hundseck viH the Plattig. — About
1 M. to the N. is the Plattig (* WeissU Hotel, pens. 51/2-^ •^)» known
also as Ober-Plattig to distinguish it from Unter-Pldttig, a forester's
houie V2 M. to the N.E. Hence to Baden-Baden via the Gerolsau
Waterfall, see p. 371. Digitized by Goog
390 BouU48. HUNDSEOK. Black Forest.
On the Muigtbal road, IV2 ^* to the E. of the Sand, lies the
small village of Herrenwies (2490 ft. ; Auerhahnj R. 1V2> D. 21/2,
S. IVa-^) pens, from 5 ujf), in an upland plain watered by the
Schwarxenbach. The road descends the valley of that stream to (6 M.)
Raumun%(tch (p. 393).
The road leading to the S. from the Sand passes the (II/2 M.)
Hundseok (2900 ft. ; *Curhau3, R. 2-4, D. 3, board 41/2 -^T), on the
road leading from Buhl vii the Windeck to Hundsbach (Curhaus,
unpretending) and the Raumiinzach-Thal.
Pleasant forest-paths radiate from all these summer-resorts. From the
Plattig and the Sand we may ascend in 1 hr. (less from Herrenwies) to the
tower (100 ft. high) on the Badener H5he (3310 ft.), which commands a
most extensive panorama. We may then descend to the K., via the Neu-
hatu and the falls of the Orimbaeh, to (l*/* hr.) the Oerolsau Fall Op- 370) ;
or via the Scherrhof to Lichtenthal (p. 369) \ or, skirting the Seekopf (3^90 ft.),
we may proceed to the E. to the Herrentcieser See (2720 ft.) and return to
the S.W. along the slope to (2V2 hrs.) Herrenwies. — The Hehlitkopf
(3350 ft. •, view-tower) may be ascended from the Sand or the Hundseck in
'/« hr. ; and the Hohe Ochsenkopf (3460 ft. ; view) in 1 hr. from Herrenwies.
From the road to Buhl vi& the Windeck the 'Hohenweg' (p. 387)
diverges opposite the Hundseck Curhaus and leads in 50 min. to
the cross-roads at the Vnterstmatt (3050 ft. ; stone hut). A guide-
post here indicates the routes to Breitenbrunnen and Achern (right)
and (straight on) to the Hornisgrinde (2*/2M. ; after y2hr., we diverge
to the right from the road; footpath to the tower, 1/2 hr. more). The
route vi& Breitenbrunnen (2665 ft.; *Huber'8 Inn, R. 1-3, board
41/2 Jf)i a summer-resort 1 V2 M. to the S.W., on the road to Achern
(8 M. ; carr. 10-14 UJf), is not much longer than the direct route.
We follow the cart-road, immediately to the left of the inn, cross the
(20 min.) bed of a torrent (usually dry), and In 40 min. more reach
the summit of the Hornisgrinde.
The bare and marshy summit of the HomiBgrinde (3825 ft), on
which is a tower, 22 ft. in height, is the highest point in the N.
portion of the Black Forest. The view is extensive, but frequently
shrouded in mist : to the E. the Swabian Alb and the cones of the
Hohgau ; S. the heights of the Black Forest, and beyond them even
theAlps(comp.p.417); S.W. the Kaiserstuhl (p. 377) and Vosges;
W. the vast plain of the Rhine ; nearly opposite rises the spire of
Strassburg Minster, and on a mountain in the foreground the exten-
sive ruins of the Brigittenschloss (p. 375) ; N. the mountains around
Baden. Guide-posts indicate the numerous routes from this point.
Fbom the Hobnisgbindb to Allbbhbiliobn (4 hrs. ; yit the
Hohenweg, p. 387). The path descends in windings to the S. to
(20min.) the Mnmmelsee (3385 ft.), a gloomy little lake, surrounded
by pine-clad mountains, and popularly believed to be inhabited by
water-sprites (Mummelchen). By the Setback^ the brook issuing from
the lake on the S., is an *Inn (pens. 41/2-6 Jf),
From the Hummelsee we may descend in >/«-! hr. to the Wolfthrvmrim
Inn on the Ottenhofen and Ruhstein road (p. 395). (^onolp
Black Forest. RUflSTElN. 48. Route. 391
Following the new road, we reach in 1/2 hr. the two huts on the
mountain-saddle at the Eckle (3140 ft.), on the road from Schon-
munzach to the Mummelsee. A stone here marks the boundary
between Wurtemberg and Baden. Numerous guide-posts. Our
route leads to the S., skirting the 8chwarzenkopf (3530 ft.) and the
AlteSteigerskopfi^h^^tt:), to(lhr.) a refuge-hut (3350 ft.), 360 ft.
aboTe the picturesque and isolated Wildite. (Comp. also Map,
p. 396.) After 1/4 hr. more we cross a broader path and follow the
footpath straight on through wood to (1 M. farther) —
BHhstein (3005 ft. ; "Klumw's Irm, R. 21/2, pens. 5-6V2 UJT),
situated at the highest point of the road from Achern to the Murg-
thal (p. 394), on the saddle between the Alte Steigerskopf and the
Vogelskopf, 6 M. from Ottenhofen, 10V2 M. from Baiersbronn, and
I6V2 M. from Freudenstadt (p. 408; diligence dally in summer).
The Hohenweg (p. 387) ascends from Buhstein to the Vogelskopf^ then
follows the frontier to the (IV2 hr.) ScUiffhopf (p. 39(0, and in another
IV2 hr. reaches the ZuflucU (p. 397).
From Ruhstbin to Allbbheiliobn, I1/2 ^r. We follow the road
to the W., cross the boundary in a few minutes, ascend the broad
carriage-road to the left, for 8 min., take the footpath to the left,
and in 6 min. reach a fork. We avoid the path to the left ('Aller-
heiligen 6.4 km.') and follow the easier path to the right (*Aller-
heiligen 7.1 km.'), which skirts the Afcifterd/fop/" (3340 ft.) and joins
the (3/4 hr.) Ruhstein road a little short of its junction with the road
from Ottenhofen (p. 395). From the junction a shortcut, to the right,
crossing the road twice, leads to Allerheiligen (p. 396) in 1/2 hr.
0. The Mnrgthal from Bastatt to Baiersbronn and thence to
Erendenstadt. Erom Schonmunzach to the Homisgirinde.
From Bastatt to Weisenhach^ 13 M., Bailwat in 1^/2 hr. (fares 1 Ul( 60,
1 jU 10 pf.). — BoAD from Welsenbach to SchSnmUmach^ 11 M. (diligence
twice daily in 3 hrs.) ; thence to Baiersbronn^ 8V2 M. (diligence twice daily
in 2V3 hr8.)i and thence to Ruhstein lO'/a M. (diligence daily from June 1st
to Sept. 15th). — Ascent of the Homisgrinde from Schdnmiinzach on foot
41/2 hrs.; thence to Allerheiligen viS, Buhstein 4 hrs. (8V2-9 hrs. in all).
Bastatt, see p. 361 . The railway ascends the right bank of the
Murg. — 2V2 M. Kuppenheim (Ochs), a small town with 2000 in-
hab., on the left bank of the Murg, which is here spanned by an
iron bridge. The Favorite (p. 372) lies 1 M. to the S.W.
The TaUey now begins to contract. — 5 M. Bothenfels, with a
small chateau of Princess Sophia of Lippe-Detmold and a mineral
spring (*Bath House, pens. 5-6 Jf). — 61/4 M. Qaggenau (Griiner
Hof), with considerable iron-works ; 8 M. Eordten.
10 M. Oemsbach. — Railway Station below the town, on the right
bank of the Murg. — Hotels. Ppeiffkb's Bad-H6tel, near the station
of Soheucrn (p. 892), with garden and baths of all kinds, B. 2-3, pens.
5V2-8 J(. — GoLDENKB Stebn, B. from IV2, B. 3/4, D. 2V2, pens, from vhJf;
Krone, B. 1-2, pens. 3V2-4 Ul ; these two in the town. — Lowe, B. 1V«-2,
pens. ir6 Jl; Wildeb Mann, near the station, on the right bank of the
392 RouU48. GERNSBACU. Black Foretl,
Hurg, witb large beer-gardfen. — Lodgings obtained by application to the
'Cu»-Comit^\ Bleicb-Str. 7.
Oarriaget (no tari£f, preyions arrangement recommended). To or from
the station, with two horses V/ty witb one horse ijft per hr. i or 8 Ul, each
additional l^ hr. 60 or 80 pf. — To Scbloss Eberstem, with two horses
6 Ul, with one horse i Jf; to Baden direct, 9 otI M; to Baden yi& Scbloss
Eberstein, 12 or 8 UT; to Herrenalb, 18 or 12 UT; to Wildbad, 80 or 20 UT;
to Baamiinzacb, 17 or 11 Jl.
Oemsbach (525 ft.l on the Murg, is an ancient and thriving
little town, with 2700lnhab., and frequented as a summer resi-
dence. It is the headquarters of the 'Murgthal - Schiffei - Gesell-
schaft', a company which has existed for centuries and owns 16,000
acres of forest (comp. p. 387). The Rathhaus, with its corner-oriel,
built in 1617, is a good example of the Renaissance style. The Prot-
estant Church contains the tombs of several Counts of Eberstein.
From Gernsbach to Herrmalb^ see p. 388. The attractive ascent C^/a hrs.)
of the Teu/eUmUhle (p. 388) may also be made from the station of Scheuem
(see below) via the Fechtenbuckel or via Schenem and the Bockertfels.
From the road ascending the valley of the Murg (p. 373), at the
upper end of Gernsbach, a road diverges to the right to (I1/2 M.)
*8ehl088 Ebenitein (1015ft.), founded in the 13th cent., afterwards
destroyed, and in 1798 rebuilt under the name of ^ Neu-Eber8tein\
Pedestrians may choose the path diverging from the road 5 min.
farther on, at the Klingel-CaptUe, and ascend by the cliff of (?ra/<en-
sprung (view - temple). The castle is delightfully situated on a
wooded eminence, high above the Murg, and commands a beautiful
and extensive view. It contains ancient relics, weapons, armour,
paintings, etc.
A footpath descends to the S. from the castle to Obertsroth (see below).
— Pedestrians may reach Baden from Scbloss Eberstein in 2^4 hrs. by
the road mentioned at p. 373, vi& Hiillenbild, Oberbeaem, and Lichten-
thal. Carriages take IV2 hr. The road leads through fine wooda.
The Railway next reaches the stations of (IO1/2 M.) Scheuem
(Stern; Auerhahn), Obertsroth (11 M.; Blume, very fair, pens.
5-7 Ji\ the village of which name is on the left bank of the Murg,
and (12 M.) HilpertsaUy on the right bank, to which also the high-
road here crosses. — 12 Y2 M. ReicherUhaler-Strasse is the station
for the village of Beichenthal (1330 ft ; Auerhahn), ^Va M. to the E.
A pleasant road leads from Reichenthal vil, the shooting-lodge of
Kaltenbrorm (p. 354) and past the Hohloh (3245 ft. \ view-stage), on the right,
to (5V2-6 hrs.) WUdbad (comp. p. 354). The footpath vil the Hoi-nberg and
the Bornsee (2975 ft.) is shorter.
13 M. Weisenbaoh (635 ft. ; Oriiner Baum^ pens. 4 JK), with a
modern Gothic church, saw-mills, etc., Is the terminus of the railway.
The High Road (diligence, see p. 391) follows the right bank
of the Murg, the valley of which, as far as Schonmiinzach, Is wild
and beautiful. Pedestrians are recommended to take the picturesque
path ou the left bank. The rocks are granite. The brown stream
flows at the foot of the valley amid grey rocks and green meadows,
while the slopes are richly wooded with pines, flrs, and a few
beeches. The hamlet of Au lies picturesquely on thj^ left bank.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Black Forest. FORBAOH. 48. Route. 393
The valley becomes narrower and wilder. Beyond a large wood-
pulp and paper mill we reach (l^/i M. from Weisenbach) Langen-
ftrand (870 ft.; Ochs). Tnnnel. 2V2 M. Oausbach (1000 tt. \ Wald-
horn, very fair). Near (8/4 M.) Forbach the road crosses the Murg.
6 M. (from Weisenbach) Forbaoh (1090 ft ; *Oruner Hof, near
the new bridge ; Krone or Pott^ farther on ; Friedrichshofj new), a
thriving village (1600 Inhab.), with a picturesque Romanesque
church on a hill (1889), is the finest point in the valley.
The DiBSOT BotT£ FKOM Badek to Fobbaoh (13 M.) follows the high-
road at the Piscicultural Establishment (p. 370; 4Vs M. from the Con-
versationshaus in Baden) to Oh ^O Oaisbach and (IV4 M.) Schmalbach
(1325 ft.)f beyond which we take the path through the woods, indicated
by finger-posts, surmounting the Roihelache (2290 ft. ; refuge-hut), to (4V2 M.)
Bermersbaeh (1360 ft.). We may now either ascend to the right at the
second fountain in the village, or proceed to the inn (Blume, fair) Deyond
the church, and thence follow the path through the woods (the villagers
will show the beginning of the path) to (I1/4 M.) Forbach.
FsoM FoBBAGH TO Hebbbmwibs, 3 hrs., via the *Hohenweg* (p. 887).
About V« M. above Forbach we leave the road for the zigzag path to the
right, which ascends through fine woods to (2V2 bi's.) the Herrenwieser See
(p. 390), and thence in >/« hr. to the Badener Hohe (p. 390). — Via the
HoKhh and KaUenbronn to WUdbad^ see p. 354.
Beyond Forbach the Murgthal, although more secluded, con-
tinues grand and beautiful, especially when viewed downstream at
the saw-mills on the Holderbach, ly^M. from Forbach. About
2V2 M. farther on, at the village of Raumiinzach (1305 ft. ; Griiner
Baum), the river of that name falls into the Murg.
About 1/2 M. above the confluence the Baumtinzach is augmented by the
Schwartbaoh^ which forms a picturesque waterfall below the ^Fallbriicke\ —
Hundtbach (p. 390) lies 2 hrs. farther up the valley of the Baumtinzach.
A road leads through the valley of the Schwarzbach to (5V2 M.) Herren-
wiet (p. 390).
6M. (from Forbach) Schonmunzaoh (1496ft. ; Post, R. 1 V4-^V2,
D. ^2V2 Jf, very fair; Waldhom, R. 1-3, pens. 4-6 JK ; Schiff,
unpretending), the first village in Wurtemberg, contains glass-
works, and is a favourite summer-resort. The Schonmunzach falls
into the Murg here. To the Hornisgrinde, see p. 394. Numerous
walks in the woods. Carriage to the Eckle 14, to Ottenhofen 20,
to Allerheiligen 28 Jf.
A woodland-path diverging after 7 min. from a road to the right, about
V4 M. above Schonmiinsach, ascends to the (40 min.) ScMou /nn, on the
site of the former castle ofBauenfels (view). Thence a footpath descends
to the (V4 hr.) Saw JWW, beyond which we have another fine view. —
Among the hills to the W lies the (1 hr.) secluded Sehurm-See (2590 ft.).
Thence to Hwndsbach (p. 390), IV2 hr.
The Murg, IY4 M. beyond Schonmiinzach , penetrates a preci-
pitous wall of rock, beyond which the valley loses its wild character,
as granite gives place to gneiss. On the height to the left lies Schwar-
zehberg. For about 1 M. the road runs among the houses of Hutzen-
bach (Bar; Krone). From (1 Y4 M.) Schdnengriind (inn) a road leads
to the N. by Besenfeld, Vrnagold, and Oompelscheuer to (IO72 M.) Enr
klosterle (Waldhorn), and through the Enzthal to Wildbad (p. 353
394 Route 48. BATERSBRONN. Black Foreii,
The next village in the Murgthal is (6^/4 M. from Schon-
miinzach) Kloster-Beichenbacli (1705 ft. ; Sofwie, very fair), with
a suppressed Benedictine abbey, founded in 1082 ; the church (re-
stored) is a flat-roofed Romanesque basilica with a portico.
From Klostei-Reichenbach a branch-railway, partly on the rack-
and-pinion system, ascends the Murgthal to (2 M.) Baiersbronn, a
little below the village of that name (1910 ft. ; Ochi)^ situated on
the old road. Thence it proceeds up the valley of the Forbach^
passing the (4^2 M.) foundries of Friedrich$thal and Chrigtophsthal^
to (IIV2 M.) Freudenatadt (p. 408).
The MnBGTHAi. Boad (comp. Map, p. 398) first follows the branch-line
just mentioned, crosses (iV« M. from Eloster-Beichenbach) the Murg, and
ascends the left bank, leaving on the left the Baiersbronn road, which
diverges at the conilaence of the Forbach. About iVa M. from Beichenbach,
at the straggling village of Mittelthai (Tannenburg, pens. 373-4 Ul, very fair;
Lamm), a road leads to the left by the Elbach-Thal to the (4V2 M.) RoitbUM^
joining the road described at p. 398, near the Schwedenschanze. About
11/2 M. farther up the Margthal, into which several brooks descend from
the Eniebis, are the Schwan Inn and the hamlet of Tannenfdt^ in the
woods opposite which is the ruin of that name. We now soon reach the
first houses of OberthcU (Sonne; Adler, both very fair), whence a road
leads to the left through the valley of the Rechte Mury to (i'/jM.) BvMhach
(2060ft.; Inn zur Glashiitte, very fair; omn. thus far from Baiersbronn)
and thence through wood to the (4V« M.) Bossbiihl (p. 398).
The road in the Murgthal continues to ascend, forming long windings,
to its highest point at the (6 M.) Ruhttein (p. 384).
Fbom SohonmOnzach to thb Hobnisgbindb. Two roads ascend
the 8chbnmun%(i6h ^ the Baden road on the left bank, and the
Wurtemberg road on the right. Following the latter, which diverges
at the Schifif Inn, beyond the bridge, we reach (3 M.) Zwickgabel
(inn), cross the brook, and ascend to the right along the Langen-
bachj which unites at Zwickgabel with the Schonmiinzach. The
road then passes (IV2 M.) Vorder-Liangenbach ^ and at (2^4 M.)
Hinter-Langeribach (Auerhahn, kept by the forester, R. l-lYiUJ^,
B. 50-70 pf.) ascends to the left. About 1/4 M. farther on is a way-
post, indicating the route to the (3^2 M.) Wildsee (p. 391) and
(12 M.) AUerheiligen. The road now ascends more rapidly to the
(3 M.) Eckle (p. 391), on the frontier of Baden, beyond which it
descends to the road from Baiersbronn to Ruhstein and Ottenhofen,
which it reaches beside the (2^/4 M.) Wolfsbrunnen Inn (p. 390).
The Hornisgrinde may be ascended from the Eckle either by a
route diverging to the right from the last-mentioned road and pass-
ing the Mummelsee (p. 390 ; 1^/4-2 hrs.), or by a route beginning
opposite the log-cabins and following the boundary-stones to the
N.W. The latter path leads past the (1/2 br.) Drei-FOratensUin, a
large block of sandstone bearing the arms of Baden and Wurtem-
berg, about 1 hr. below the tower on the Hornisgrinde (p. 390).
y Google
Black Forest, OTTENHOFEN. 48. Route. 395
d. From Achem vifc Ottenhofen to the Buhstein or Allerheiligen.
From Achern to OttmM/m^ 6^/4 M., Bailwat in 40 min. (fares 86,
56 pf.). — Thence on foot to AlUrhkUgen^ I'A'SV^ l»rs. ; from Allerheiligen
to Oppenau 3Vs brs., to Rippoldsau 6 hrs.
Achem^ see p. 374. The railway ascends the Kappeler-Thaly a
pleasant green dale watered l)y the AcJier (to the left on the hill, the
Brigitten$chlo88, p. 375). — 1^/4 M. Oberachem. — 4V2 M. Kappelr-
rodeek (725 ft. ; Erbprinz ; Lowe), commanded by the chateau of
Rodeek (965 ft.), dating as far back as the 8th cent. , and recently
altered and restored, with fine grounds and views (for adm. apply
to the gardener).
Fbom Kappslbodbck to Allekheiliqem, iVa hrs., by a path through
wood, commanding fine viewn. This route, steep at first, lead.^ under the
chateau of Rodeek to (V2-V4 hr.) the wooden tower on the Kd/ertealdkopf
(1590 ft.-, view), the rocks of the (V« hr. farther) Bilrstensiein, and (2 hrs.)
the Mlerheiligentteiff^ which begins at Lautenbach. Thence we follow the .
ridge vi& the SohWerg (p. 396).
63/4 M. Ottenhdfen (1020 ft.; Linde; Engel; Pflug; Wagen,
R. 1-11/2, B.3/4, D. 11/2-2, pens. 31/4-41/2 UiT; all highly spoken of),
the terminus oif the railway, a prettily-situated village, forming
suitable headquarters for a number of pleasant excursions. The road
forks here, the left branch leading to Seebach and the Ruhstein, the
right to Allerheiligen.
The Road fbom Ottenh5fbn to the Ruhstein (Baiersbronn)
continues to ascend the valley of the Acher, crossing to the left
bank by the Hagen-Bmeke^ below the Boiemtein. From the hamlet
of Vofder'Stehach (1280 ft. ; Hirsch) a road leads to the left through
the wooded Orimmerawalder ~ Thai to (41/2 M.) Breitenbrunneu
(p. 390). From the Adler Inn at Hinter-Seebacli, a little farther
on, a steep path leads past the Schergen-Fels to (274 hrs.) Aller-
heiligen, the last part of the way being on the Ruhstein road. Our
road turns to the left at Achert, 3 M. fi'om OttenhSfen (the steep
old road, 4 M. to Ruhstein, keeps to the right), crosses the Acher,
and 11/4 M. farther on reaches the Wolfsbrunnen Inn (2200 ft.;
to the Mummelsee 1 hr. ; see p. 390 ; guide-post). Thence it ascends
In long curves, commanding extensive views, to the (28/4 M.) Ruh-
stein (p. 391).
The Road fbom Ottbnhofbn to Allbbheiligbn (6 M.) ascends
the Vnterwasser-Thal towards the S. to the (21/4 M.) Erbprinz Inn,
Here the new road describes a wide curve in the vaUey towards the
left, while the old road ascends the steep slope on the right, on
the summit of which the roads again unite. Fine retrospective
views from the new road; II/2 M. from the Erbprinz a way- post
indicates the way to the Edelfrauengrab by Blochereck (see below).
From the top of the hill (from which a shortcut descends by steps
to the right) the road descends in windings to (21/4 M.) Aller-
heiligen.
FsoM Ottbkh6fbn to Allsbhkiliobn by the Edel/rauengrab and
the BWchereck (2V4 hrs.) , a very attractive walk. In front of the church
396 Route 48. ALLERHEILIGEN. Black Forest.
we turn to tbe left, then follow the footpath inunediately to the right, and
the road to the left higher up, which diverges from the road to Aller-
heiligen at a point about 300 yds. beyond the church. After 10 min. we
follow the middle road in a straight direction, traverse the pretty Oottschldg'
Thai (inn), cross the brook several times, and finally ascend by steps to
the (20 min.) Edelfrauengrab (^grave of the noble ladyOi a small grotto to
which a romantic legend attaches. The environs are very pickiresque,
especially the path ascending beyond this point past numerous pretty cas-
cades, to the (1 hr.) BUfc?ureek. Fartber on, the path leads ttirough wood
and soon reaches the road (see below) } V* ^'' ' ^ll^heiligen. The pretty
footpath from the BIfichereck vi& the saddle known as ^Bei St. Ursula^ is
1/4 br. longer. — Travellers coming from Seebach (p. 890) may diverge
to the left at the Hagen-Braeke (p. 895), beyond the Ereuz Inn, y^HL' before
reaching Ottenhofen.
♦ADerheiligen (2035 ft.; MittmrnaUr'i Inn, R. from 2, B. 1,
pens, from 6 ujf), with the ruins of a PraBmonstratensian abbey,
founded by tbe Duchess Uta of Schauenburg in 1196, and partly
. destroyed by lightning in 1803, is one of the most frequented spots
in the Black Forest. The church was a Gothic edifice with polygonal
side-choirs to the E. ot the transept and a square tower over the
crossing.
Immediately below the convent is a rugged cleft in the rocks,
through which the Qrundenhach is precipitated into the valley
beneath in a series of falls, 270 ft. high in all, called the *Bfitten-
stein Falls or BiXttenschroffen. The waterfalls and their picturesque
accessories are seen to most advantage in ascending. The best way
of approaching them is, accordingly, to take the footpath to the
'Luisenruhe , Engelskanzel , and Teufelsstein*, which diverges to
the right of the barn, opposite the new Logierhaus, and leads through
wood to the (Y2 hr.) road at the foot of the falls. We then ascend
the path to the (Y2 ^r) inn.
Way-posts at tiie above-mentioned view-point Luisenruhe indicate paths
leading via the picturesque Bohlberg (2670 ft. ; p. 896) to OberMrch^ and vi&
the Braunherg to (2 hrs.) Sulthach (p. 397).
The Bothe Schliffkopf (3460 ft.) may be ascended in VJk hr. from
AUerheiligen by a path diverging to the left from the Oppenau road a few
min. above the ruin beyond the bridge (guide-post). On the top (view-
platform) is a broad path constructed in 18v7. Thence we may follow the
Wurtemberg frontier to the left to the (ii/4 hr.) RUhiiein (p. 391); or we
may descend to the right, passing the source of the Bechte Murg C2886 ft.),
to the (Vi hr.) road from Buhlbach (p. 394) to Kniebis, and follow the latter
to the right (short-cuts for walkers) to the (>/« hr.) view-platform beside
the Zufiucht Inn at the Schwabenschante (p. 397).
From Allbbhelligbn to Oppenau , 7 M. The carriage-road,
which affords the shortest and best route, diverges to the right from
the Ottenhofen road a few min. beyond the min, crosges the brook,
and descends in windings to (1^/4 M.) the foot of the waterfalls.
Once more crossing the stream, it passes (V2 M.) the Wasaerfall JSnn
(pens, f^om 5 Jf ; same landlord as the AUerheiligen inn) , and
follows the bank of the Lierbach (as the Griindenbach is now called),
high on the slope of the hill. Near Oppenau, 1 M. beyond the
Taube Inn (p. 398), the Kniebis - Strasse and the road to (3 M.)
Antogast (p. 398) diverge to the left. — Oppenau^ see p. 897.
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Black Forat, OBERKIRCH. 48, Boute. 397
Fbom Allebhbiligbn to Rippoldsau oybb the Eniebis, 5 hrs.
Below the new Logierhaus we take the path which diverges to the
left at a flnger-post (*Zui Zufluchf), crosses the Oppenau road, and
begins to ascend. We then traverse pine-woods, sldrting the Butten-
kopf (2620 ft.) on the left (E.) >nd later the Schauerkopf (3210 ft.),
on the right (W.). In about i^/4 hr. the broad road narrows to a foot-
path, which pursues its nearly level way due S. In about I3/4 hr.
more we come to the Wurtemberg frontier and In another 10 min.
to the 'Hohenweg' (p. 387), descending on the left from the Schliff-
kopf (p. 391). Immediately afterwards we see the Schwahenschanze
(*Swabian intrenchment'), an ancient earthwork (3170ft. ; belvedere)
on the highest point of the Bosshuhl (p. 398). About 1/4 M. farther
on we reach the humble Inn Zur Zuflucht, on the road from Oppenau
to Rippoldsau and Freudenstadt; and 2V4 M. to the S.E. is the
Alexanderschanse Inn (p. 399), where the Oppenau road joins that
ifrom Griesbach to Freudenstadt. Thence to Rippoldsau, see p. 399.
e* I^om Appenweier to Oppenau and the Baths in the Benchthal.
Railwat from Appenweier to Oppenau , 11 M. , in »/4 - 1 hr. (fares
1 Ul 90, 1 Ul 50, 95 pf.). — DiLiGKNOB from Oppenau \i% Petertihal to Qries-
hach^ V/t M., thrice daily in summer (June Ist-Sept. 15th) in IV4 hr. ; and
from Griesbach to Freudenstadt via the Eniebis, 13 M., once daily in summer
in 2^/4 hrs. The omnibuses from the baths ply only when specially ordered.
Appenweier , see p. 375. The train ascends the Renchthal to
(21/2 M.) Zusenhofen. — 51/2 M. Oberkirch (626 ft.; Linde, with
shady garden, pens, from AJK ; Ooldener Adler^ good wine ; Schwarzer
Adler, all very fair; beer at Braun's), situated in an extremely fertile
district on the slope of the hill , at the entrance to the narrower
Renchthal. Pop. 3300.
About 1 M. farther on , beyond the Bench, to the right of the line, is
the ruined castle of FUrtteneck. A road ascends on the left bank of the
Bench from Oberkirch to Oedsbctch^ whence the Moosthurm (p. M)) may
be reached in about 3 hrs. About 21/4 H. to the X.E. of Oberkirch lie the
raina o{ Sehauenburg^ whence a fine view is obtained ; Von Baber't Edllho/^
«/4 M. |p the B., is another good point of view. To the N. of Oberkirch
are the villages of (1 M.) Octubach (Lamm) and (3 M.) Binffetbtuch (Salm),
both noted for their wine.
71/2 M. Lautenbach (705 ft. ; Schwan, pens. 31/2-'* Jf, ^eiy fair;
Kreuzj Stem), with a late-Gothic church (1471-83) containing an
interesting screen and stained-glass windows. The tower was added
in 1898. Hence to the Moosthurm via Oedsbach, 3 hrs.
9 M. Hubacker is the station for Sulzbach, a small bath II/4 M.
to the N. (R. 1^/2, pens, from 6 Jf) with a saline spring (70®Fahr.).
From Sulzbach a picturesque road , soon splitting into two arms,
passing respectively to the E. and W. of the Kuischenkopf (2b0b ft.)
and the Eseli^pf (2QSb ft.), leads to (5 M.) Allerheiligen (p. 396).
Walkers should choose the E. arm vlH the Braunberg, 2 hrs.
11 M. Oppenau. — Hotels. H6tkl Post, with garden, pens. 41/2-6 Jf;
GoLDBMBB Adlsr, peus. iy^-bUf; HiKsGH, wlth beer-garden; Oohs, pens.
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398 BoutedS. OPPENAU. Black Forest.
i Jf. — FoBTUHA, at the station, tinpretending. — Taubk, with mineral
baths, IVs M. from Oppenau, on the road to Allerheiligen (p. 396), well
spoken of, pens, i^/t Jif. — Hotel zum Fimkxm, see below.
Carriage to Antogast 5, Freiersbach or Petersthai 7, Griesbach 10 Jf\
to the waterfall at Allerheiligen 7, to the convent 10 J(. — Diligbnoe,
see p. 397.
Oppenau (880 ft.), a busy littie*town, with 2000 inhab., is fre-
quented as a summeT-resort. In the market-place is a War Mon-
ument, — A conspicuous belvedere near the town commands an
excellent view ; it is reached in 20-25 min. by passing the N. side
of the church.
From Oppenau to the Mootihvrm (p. 400), about 2 hrs. We follow the
Renchthal road for 6-8 min., then turn to the right (way-post) and ascend
to Kutt (p. 400).
Close by the Oppenau station the highroad divides, the right
(S.) branch being the Renchthal road (see beldw), and the left (E.)
arm being the RossstHL Road, formerly known as the Kniebis road.
The latter passes through Oppenau. Immediately beyond the town
the road to (4 M.) Antogast (1585 ft.; ♦Huber), with chalybeate
baths, charmingly situated in the pretty Maieaeh-Thal, and known as
St. Arbogast in the 16th cent., diverges to the right, and crosses
the Lierbach ; the road in a straight direction leads to Allerheiligen
(p. 396). Footpath to (IV4 ir.) Griesbach (see p. 399).
The road diverging to the left from the Antogast road gradually
ascends (in 8/4 hr. footpath to the left, returning in I/2 br. to the
road again) , and finally traverses some fine woods (In V2 ^r- foot-
path to the left) to the summit of the Bossbubl (3170 ft.), on
which, to the left, is the Sehwabenschanze (p. 397). It then makes
a wide curve, past the Schwedenschanze (on the right), to the Zw-
flucht Inn (p. 397).
The road continuing to ascend the valley of the Rench (diligence,
see p. 397) passes through a small part only of Oppenau, and leads
southwards to the 'Kniebis Baths* of Freiersbach, Petersthai, and
Griesbach. Near (1 V4 M.) Ibach (985 ft) is the picturesquely-situat-
ed Gasihaus turn Finken. — 2 M. Lockerberg (Pflug). *"
A carriage-road, commanding fine views, gradnally ascends from
Locherberg through a fertile valley via the Hamur$berg to (4V« M.) Ober-
Harmersbach (Drei Schvfeinsk&p/e) andTTnter-Harmersbach (Actter^ very fair),
and thence goes on to (11 M.) Zell (p. 400). — A slightly longer route to
Zell, via Nordrach, diverges to the right from the above-mentioned road,
about 21/4 M. from Locherberg. This route divides after 20-25 min. into
two arms, which, however, reunite 20-25 min. farther on, at Fabrik Nord-
rach or Nordrach Colonic (1476 ft. \ Dr. O. Walther'g Establishment for
Consumptives, pens. 10 UfO« so called from a disused glass-factory. Fine
pine-woods. — About S'/a M. down the valley of Nordrach lies the chief
village Nordrach i*Linde, pens. 4-5 Ul), whence the Jlochkopf (2015 ft.) fine
views) may be ascended (descent to the W. to Gengenbach, p. 400^. The
road continues to follow the Nordrach valley to (3Vt M.) ir<{< (p. 4(J0-, om-
nibus twice daily).
Farther on in the Renchthal, 2 M. from Locherberg, is Bad
freiersbaoh (1260 ft. ; Meyer's Hotels very fair, with baths) , with
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Bkusk Forest. PETERSTHAL. 48. Route. 399
sulphureous springs, situated in a pretty dale, enclosed by lofty hills.
Then (V2 M.) —
5 M. (from Oppenau) Fetersthal. — Hotels. Bis, pens, i^/i-bjf;
H1R8CH, R. IV4-3, pens. 4-5 Jf. — *Bad Pkteksthal, at the upper end of the
village, well equipped, R. 1V2-4, B. 1, D. 2V«, pens. 6-78/4 Ui ,• visitors' tax
2V2 Jf per week. — Numerous private apartments.
Peiersthal (1320 ft.), the most important of these small watering-
places, occupies a sheltered situation, embellished with well-kept
grounds. The four springs contain iron and carbonic-acid gas. The
baths, which were known in the 16th cent., are frequented by about
1500 patients annually.
A pleasant route leads to the S.E. from the Bear Hotel in Petersthal
through the Freiers-Thal and past the (Vi hr.) village of Freiersbach to the
(IV4 hr.) saddle to the E. of the Orosse Eundskopf (1876 ft.), and thence
down the valley of the WUdtchapbcich to (l>/j hr.) ScTiapbach (p. 406). —
The route diverging by the side-valley to we S., beyond the village of
Freiersbach, crosses the (1/4 hr.) brook and reaches the (IVs hr.) saddle
to the W. of the Grosse Hundskopf, whence, following the euide-posts, we
may descend the Bankach-Thal, passing the Bear Inn, to (iVa-l'A ^r.) Ober-
Wolfaeh (p. 406). Thence to the railway-station of Wolfach, ■/4-I hr. more.
A pleasant footpath leads from Petersthal to Antogcut (p. 808) in
2hr8., passing the hamlet of DGttelbaeh on the roadside; at the telegraph-
post numbered 458 we ascend through the covered gateway.
The Renchthal now turns to the N.E. In 3/^ hr. we reach —
2V2 M. (from Petersthal) Griesbach (1626 ft.; *Curhaus, Adler-
bad, Tannenhof, R. IV2-8, pens. 572-^72 •^)» possessing a chaly-
beate spring , which has been highly valued for 400 years , and
pine-cone , mud , and other baths. About 1800 patients annually.
Pleasant grounds surround the village, and the Haberer Thurm com-
mands a good view.
A footpath leads from Gbibsbach to Rippoldsau (21/4 hrs.), diverging
from the Kniebis road at a sharp bend about 1 M. from the Gurhaus, and
ascending past a waterfall and vi& the Sophienrt^e to the Hilda Eta on the
Eolzwdlder Edhe (9005 ft.). Thence a gradual descent brings us to the
road to Rippoldsau. — The *H6henweg' (p. 387) runs from the Holzwalder
Hobe vill the Lettersstdtter EdJiey the Fretersberg, the Littweger Edhe^ the
Kreuzsattet^ Eirzwasen, Ebenacker^ and Kreuzbiihl (hence to the Eohenlochen,
10 min.) to (71/4 hrs.) Hausach (p. 401).
The beautiful road (diligence once daily) now ascends in wind-
ings to the Kniebis, the summit of which is reached immediately
beyond the Wurtemberg frontier at the (4^/2 M.) Alexander$ehan%e
/nn (3165 ft. ; R. 174-172, pens. 33/4-474 UJT), where the Rossbiihl
road joins ours (p. 397). At the inn Zum Lamm (3060 ft. j very fair,
carriages on hire), I72 M. to the E. of the Alexanderschanze, on the
Rossbiihl road, the roads to Rippoldsau and Freudenstadt diverge.
The road to Rippoldsau (172^^*.; p. 407), to the right, leads vi& the
Baden village of Kniebis (Zum Schwarzwald ; shorter footpath beyond
the village, to the left) and winds down the E. side of the Holzwalder
Edhe (see above). The road to Freudenstadt (7 M. ; p. 408) leads
straight on, vi^ the Wurtemberg village of Kniebis (Ochs), and de-
scends along the left bank of the Forbach, which it finally crosses
before ascending to the town.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
400 Route 48. GENGENBACH. Black Forut.
Walksbs fbom thb Albxandbbschamzb Inn to Rippoldsau follow the
Griesbach road for Vs M., then take the path which leads to the left through
the wood CHohenweg\ p. 387) to the (3 M.) Hilda Hut on the Holrwalder
Hohe (p. 399).
f. Schwarzwald Bailway from Offenbnrg to Constanoe.
Comp. the Maps^ pp. 898^ 404.
112 H. Railway in 6-6 hrs. (fares U UV 40, 9 UV 60, 6 UV 20 pf . ; by ex-
press 16 UV 90, 11 UV 60 pf. ; 'Aussichtswagen^ see below).
The *Bohwarzwald Bailway, opened in 1873, is one of the most
striking in Germany, both in point of scenery and construction. The
most interesting part is that between Hansach and Villingen (pp. 401404).
Carriages constructed so as to command a yiew in all directions CAxis-
sichtswagen') are attached to the express^trains between Offenbnrg and
Singen, and may be used by second-class passengers on payment of 1 •#
extra; tickets are obtainable at Offenbnrg, Hausach, Trlberg, Villingen,
and Singen, or from the guard of the train. The line attracts numerous
travellers, and the inns at Hansach, Homberg, Trlberg, and other pictur-
esque points are often full.
Offehburg, see p. 376. — The line trayeises the populous and
fertile Knutig- Thalj a valley enclosed by gently-sloping mountains.
2^2 M. Ortenberg (Krone), above which, on a vine-clad hill, rises the
chateau of Ortenberg (710 ft.), built by Eisenlohr in 1834-40 on tbe
site of an ancient strongbold destroyed by Marshal Crtfqui in 1668.
54/2 M. Oengenbach (580 ft.; Adler, SonrUy both very fair), with
2900 inhab., an independent town down to the Peace of LuntfviUe
(1801), still exhibits traces of its former importance in Its walls,
gates, and towers, although most of the buildings have been erected
since the destruction of the town by the French in 1689. The hand-
some Benedictine Abbey ^ founded in the 8th cent, to which the town
owes its origin, is now a preparatory school for teachers. The Ro-
manesque abbey-church has rococo choir-stalls. The Bathhaus is a
handsome 18th cent, building, lately restored. Opposite is a foun-
tain with a statue.
Walks awd Exodbsions. In the NolUnadld ; to the GA hr.) Bt. JcuMi$
Chapel on the Kastelberg and thence to the G/z hr. more) TeufeUkamtl;
via Einaeh (Bebstock, unpretending) up the right bank of the Kinzig,
then (V4 hr.) to the left up the Sattersbaeh-Thal, and to the right to
the (IV2 hr.) Hochkopf (p. 388). — A pleasant excursion leads to the
(3 hrs.) "Hoosthurm on the Siedigkopf or Gai»*chleifkopf (2876 ft.). The
path (re'd way-marks) ascends ti^e Haigeraeher-Thal from Gengenbach,
passing the (»A hr.) WcOdhom Inn, and follows the 'Capellen-Weg' through
wood to the (11/4 hr.) Komebene (3190 ft.) and the (10 min.) ^JHlrre Jirtm-
nen" (2100 ft.), where the routes divide. We follow the route to the left
to the (1 hr.) Siedigkopf^ whence a footpath ascends in 6 min. to the stone
Moosthurm, 65 ft. in height. The view hence embraces a considerable
part of the Black Forest, especially the valleys of the Bench and the Kin-
sig. From the Moosthurm the walk may be continued to the K.B. past the
EdeUnanmkopf (2895 ft.) to Kutt (rfmts.) and thence via Bdrekritt to
(2 hrs.) Oppenau (p. 397). Or we may return to the DIbrre Brunnen and
follow the E. path, which leads to Nordrach (p. 398).
91/2 M. Schdnberg. — 11 V4 M. Biberaoh (685 ft. ; Krone ; Sonne^
pens. 3-4^2 •^)> ^^ ^^^ mouth of the Harmersbaeh. On the latter,
272 M. distant, lies the thriving village of Zell (Hirtch ; LoweJ^ with
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Black threat , HAUSACll. 4S. Route. 401
1600 Inhab., to wMch an omnibns plies five times daily from
Biberach. At Zell the valley divides into the Unterharmerahach^Thal
and the Nordraeh-Thdl, through both of which are roads leading to
the Renchthal (p. 398; post-oninibns twice daily to Harmersbach and
as often to Nordrach).
Fkom Bibbbach to Laub (9 M.) a road leads over the Schifnberg. On
the top (1210 ft.), 2*/4 M. from Biberach, is the Ldve Inn, a few yards be-
yond which a footpath diverges to the right, leading in 40 min. to a
lofty and precipitous rock, crowned with the extensive ruins of the castle
of Hohen-Geroldseek (1726 ft.), first mentioned in 1139, destroyed by the
French Marshal Gr^qui in 1697, and commanding a fine view. From the
Sch5nbcrg the road descends into the SchuUer-Thal, where, at (3 If.) Beichen-
6acA, we reach the steam- tramway mentioned at p. 376. Lahry see p. 376.
Before (14^2 M.) Steinaeh is reached, the line crosses the Kinzig.
— I6V4 M. Haalaoh (730 ft.; Kreut, pens, from 4 Jf\ a prosperous
little town with 2200 inhab., was destroyed, with the exception of
the church, by the French in 1704, on their retreat after the battle
of Hochstadt.
An attractive road runs to the S. from Haslach, vi& Eo/stettm, to (911.)
Eleach (p. 412), passing halfway near the scanty ruins of the castle of
ffeidbwg (to the left).
2OV2 M. Hansach (780 ft.; Bahnhofs-Edtel ; Hirsch; Enget)
is a small town with 1700 inhab., commanded by the ruins of an
old castle of the Princes of FQrstenberg, destroyed by the French in
1643. — From Hausach to Wolfach (Rippoldsau), Schiltach, and
Freudenstadt, see pp. 406-408.
The railway quits the Kinzig-Thal above Hausach, turns to the
right at Am Thurm, and ascends the picturesque and fertile valley
of the Outach. — 23 M. Gntach (920 ft. ; Lowe, pens, from 41/2 UJT).
The Farr^fi&op/' (2590 ft. ; picturesque view) may be ascended hence
in 2 hrs., by a good path diverging to the W. from the highroad be-
tween the station and the Lowe inn. It may also be ascended in the
same time from Hausach vii Breitenbach.
27 M. Homberg. — Railway Station (1260 ft.) on the right hank of
the Giitaoh, high above the town. The chief hotels send omnibuses to meet
the trains.
Hotels. ^HoTEL k Curhaus Schloss Hornbebg (see below), B. 1-5,
B. IV4, D. 3, pens, from 6, omn. i Jt. — In the town: *Po8t. E. from IV2,
pens, from 5 Jt; *BAb, B. IVa-S, pens. 6-7 Jl; BOsslk, B. IV4-IV2, pens.
4-5 J$y well spoken of; Adlbk.
Homherg (1180 ft.), an old town of 2600 inhab., is situated at
the mouth of the O/fenbach-Thaly opposite the Reicheribach-Thal, and
is commanded by a precipitous hill crowned by a Chdteau (1500 ft.),
destroyed by the French in 1703. It is one of the most picturesque
spots in the Black Forest and attracts numerous summer- visitors.
The ch&teau is reached in 20 min. by a road ascending the Offen-
bach-Thai, then turning to the right, or by a shorter footpath direct
from the town. The top of the hill, on which is the hotel, commands
a fine view.
Walks. To the N". to the ("Z*-! hr.) Markgra/entchame (1600 ft.), with
a view -pavilion-, to the E. to the (1 hr.) Windeck/els (2020 ft.), on the
Baedeker's Rhine. 15th Edit. 26 • _
402 Route 48. UOUNBKKG. Black I'ortst.
way to Althornberg (see below} ^ to the Reiehenbaeh-Thal (and vi& the Benz-
ebene to Theonenbronn, p. 406) or to the Sehwanenbaeh-ThtUf through the
Schwanenbach-Thal to the (2 hrs.) top of the Windkapf (3036 fk.)« and back
via Althornberg) vi^ the chateau of Homberg to the (>/« hr.) ZiegeVcop/
(2370 ft.) \ to the (IV2 br.) top of the JStatenwakUtopf (2525 ft.), to tbe 8.
The most attractive excursion is tliat to the (2 lurs.) rocky height of
*Althomberg (2390 ft.). About 250 paces to the 8. of the railway-station
we cross the line, and thence ascend rapidly to the wood. We turn to the
right in the wood, follow the finger-posts and red way-marks, and finsdiy
pass round the upper end of tbe Altbomberg ravine and reach the (iVt hr.)
hamlet of Althornherg. Thence the path (marked II in red) ascends no the
right) to the summit in 20 minutes. The view hence of the Oatach-Thal is
probably the finest in this part of the Black Forest, and embraces a spe-
cially interesting survey of the curve 9 and tunnels of the railway. — The
path marked III in red leads to the (8-10 min.) Rappen/eh^ commanding a
similar view. — Thence vi& the Sehameck and through the Bothenbach-
Thal to Triberg, see p. 403.
Fbom Hoknbbrg to Elzacu (p. 412; comp. Map, p. 404), ISVa M. At the
houses of SteingrUn^ about ls/4 M. below Homberg, our road diverges to
the W. from the Hausach road and gradually ascends. Near Landwnser
it reaches the Prechthaly in which it then descends. EUaehy see p. 412.
A guide-post on the saddle between the Gutach-Thal and tiie Prechthal
indicates the route (to the right) to the Farrenkopf (p. 401), which may be
ascended hence (2 hrs. there and back)
Fbom Hobnbebq to Sohbambebg (p. 407; Map, p. 398), a charming walk
of lOVs H. through the Schonaeh-Thal, by the FohrmhUhl 02285 ft. ; Sehwan ;
Adler; view) and Lauterbach (8chwarzwald Hotel).
The most interesting part of the line is between Homberg and
(18 M.) St. Georgen. For some distance the railway rans parallel
with the road, which , like the line itself, is in many places hewn
in the rock, and then ascends the narrow, wooded Qutach-Thal.
Above the village of (32 M.) Nitderwaistt (1380 ft. ; Sonne, pens
from 31/2 M) is the 'Niederwasser Kehr-Tunnel*, where the first
great curve begins. Tunnels (of which there are 26 between Horn-
berg and St. Georgen), viaducts, and hridges follow in rapid suc-
cession. The gradient varies from 1 : 58 to 1 : 50. — The best
general survey is commanded by the Althornberg (see above), which
is seen from the line on the E. side of the valley.
35 M. Triberg. -~ The Station (2025 ft. ; Rail. Rtstauront) lies
below the 'Kreuz-Briicke', at the junction of the roads from St Georgen
and Furtwangen, and about Vt H. from the town (2200 ft), to which omni-
buses run. Porter, for lu^age under 55 lbs., 50 pf. ; to the Schwarawald and
Bcllevue hotels 60 pf. — From the station to the market-place 1 M. ; thence
to the Falls 10-15 min. more ; so that the walk from the station to the Falls
and back takes 1V2-2 hrs. The road passes a monument to Bob. Gtnoig
(1820-85), builder of the Schwarzwald and HoUenthal railways. Visitors
who desire to spend at Triberg only the interval between two trains should
visit the waterfall first and then dine at the railway restaurant (D. IVs •#)•
Hotels (often uncomfortably crowded in summer). Sghwabzwaxd Hotbl
(2345 ft.), in a beautiful situation, 1/4 M. from the Falls, with view of the
valley, R. 2-672, B. IV-i, D. 4, pens, from 8, omn. i J(. — Bbllbvub, in an
open situation on the SchSnwald road, R. lVs-4, B. 1, D. 2^/4, pens. B-^/tJf^
omn. 80 pf. These two are closed in winter. — *Hotbl Weublb, in the ittin-
cipal square, B. 2-6, B. II/4, D. 8, pens, from 6 Jf^ omn. 70 pf.; Lowb A
National, R. 2V2-4, B. 1, D. 3. pens, firom 7 Jf; Bngel, nearly opposite the
Ochs, R. 2-3Va, B. 1, D. I'A-SVa, pens. 5-7i/t UT, omn. 60 pf. — Sohhb,
with wine-room, R. lVs-2V2. pens, froni bjf^ omn. 50 pf., at the lower end
of the town. — Adleb, with brewery, pens. i-b^/'zUt; Lilie, unpretending;
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Black Forest TRIBEUG. dB. Route. 403
Zvu WASBJiitrALL. pens. 41/2 Jf (see below). — Pjcmbions: Fackler^ pens.
4i/r5jr; Tr«tr«i (R. lVs-2V« ^, B. 80pf., 8. i^liJf; D. not suppUed), very
fair, in the u.pper part of the town. — JKumerous private lodgings.
Baths and Restanrant at Sehwer^*^ to the right of the main street, near
the Engel ; JSgerhous, on ihe Schonwald' road (p. i09), Vt It* beyond the.
Hotel Bcllevue. — Ca/i Pfaffi in the upper part of the town. — Brauerei
Doldj at the Kreoz-Briicke.
XagUsh Ghnreh. Service in summer.
Viaitors' Tax, daUy 30 pf., per week 1 Jf.
Triberg lies in the heart of the Black Forest^ aud is cue of the
principal centres of the trade in clocks, numerous specimens of
which may be seen in the Industrial Exhihitiorh (adm. 50 pf.).
Pop. 3400. The lofty and yet sheltered situation of the place, and
the fine waterfall attract many summer -visitors. It contains a
Roman GatholiC) a Protestant, and a small Eaglish church. The
streets and waterfall are lighted by electricity.
At the upper end of the long main street stands a finger-post,
the left arm of which indicates the way (Hofiehen-Str.) to the
waterfall , past the Schwarzwald Hotel, while the right arm points
across the bridge to the Industrial Exhibition. Beyond the Schwarz-
wald Hotel we take the lower path to the right, and in 5 min. reach
a projecting rock, from which the best general view is obtained.
The *Watbbfall, formed by the Outach^ is the finest in W. Ger-
many. The stream, which is here of considerable volume, is preci-
pitated from a height of 600 ft., and divided into seven distinct leaps
by huge blocks of granite. The cascade, like the fall of the Giess-
bach in Switzerland, is picturesquely framed by dark pines. A foot-
path ascends on the right bank, with several fine points of view.
Visitors who are pressed for time need not go beyond the (10 min.)
bridge. In 20-25 min. more, above the falls, and close to the Inn
Zum Wasserfall (2930 ft.), we reach the road to SchSnwald and
Fnrtwangen (p. 409), by which we return, passing the Wallfahrts-
Kirchs(2U0tt.).
Other walks: from the Hoflehen-Str. to the left, before the Prot. church,
and past the Olga Pavilion to the (20 injn.) DreikaUerftU (2620 ft.), on the
ReUcheriy the height to the £. of the town ; thence by the Rassenbuche,
Pulverhaus, and Schiitzenhaus to the lower part of Triberg. — A finger-
post in the Schwendi-Str., which begins near the L5we Hot^, indicates the
roate to the Fehen-PaviUon^ and another in the lower town, near Siedle's
clock-factory, that to the Bahn-Au$eicht on the Biffhalden^ the height to the W.
of Triberg. — From the Hoflehen-Str. to the jyo/ect^shortly before which a
path ascends to the right to the (*/« hr.) QeuUche C3980ft.; inn) and on to
the (*/4 liT.^ StOckUwaldkopf (3506 ft.), with a belvedere (view of the Alps)^
thence to the (>/« hr.) Eeuelberg (3365 <t.) and to St. Oeorgen (p. 404).
From Tbibebg to Hobnbebg via the Althobnbebg, 2 hrs. (no inns).
From the Kreuz-Brftcke, at the lower end of Triberg, we follow the high-
road, passing the (20 min.) Hirech Inn and (1/4 hr.) For elk Inn, and 20 min.
farther on turn to the right to the Gremmelsbach road. We then ascend
the road to the lefl» turn (10 min.) to the left, and proceed vil Rdthenbaeh to
the (40 min.) cross-roads at the Sehameet. Selecting the central jroute of the
three leading to the left to the (>/« hr.) Rappenfelty we descend (6-7 min.)
to the rocky AUhornberg. Thence to Hornberg, see p. 402.
Fbom Tbibero to Elzach via ScnoNACH, 4V8 hrs. The road, from
which the Fnrtwangen road diverges to the left by the Wall/ahrts-Kirche
26* ^
404 Route 4b. ST. GEORGEN. Btack Forest.
ir.
403), a few hundred paces above Triherg, a^cendfl the Unterthdl to the
W. to r3 M.) BehoiuMh (2910 ft. ; Oehs). About 1 M. above Sehonach
the road forks, the right branch leading to the ^Prechfhal* (p. 402), tiie
left crossing the ^Hdhenweg* (p. 387) and descending to (2 M ) the Elghof.
From the Elshof a cart-track (right) leads up to the (V* ^f-) Oehs Inn
on the RohrhardUhwg\ then descends vi4 (IVshr.) Yaeh to (s/i br.) Eltaeh
(p. 412).
The train now crosses the Gutach, and in the great 'Triberger
Kehr-Tannel' turns direct to the N., towards the top of the hill.
Several tunnels and viaducts. For some distance we observe to the
left below us the portion of the line which we traversed before
reaching Triberg. The train turns to the S. , passing through
tunnels and over viaducts. Beyond (40 M.) Nussbach (2460 ft. ;
Krone) it again turns to the E. Among the next tunnels is one
1852 yds. in length, which penetrates the hill of (43 M.) Sommerau
(2736 ft.), the watershed between the Rhine and the Danube. Many
passengers alight here (or at St. Georgen), and travel back direct,
or walk to Triberg (li/j hr. ; behind the station is a restaurant).
45 M. St. Georgen (2660 ft. : Zur Brigaeh). The busy clock-
manufacturing town (^Deutsehet Haus^ pens. 5-8 Jf; Hirachj pens.
41/2 Uf, Adler, both very fair), with 3500inh«b., is prettily situated
on a height on the left bank of the Brigach, 200 ft. above the station.
The old Benedictine abbey, founded at the end of the 11th cent.,
was suppressed in 1806.
Fbox St. Gbobobh to Tribebo, 3«/4-3 hrs. We follow the Triberg road
for some min. to the W. from the staition, cross the railway-embanJnnent
to the left before a pond, skirt it. for some distance, and turn to the left
to Brigach. Thence we proceed viJ the Hirzwald (inn), with porphyry-
quarries, or vift the Ketselberg (p. 403), to the (IVt hr.) FticJu/aiU Inn. To
the Stdoklewaldkopf, V4 br. ; to Triberg, 1 hr. — Ascent of the Rupperts-
berg and route to the Bemeck-Thal, see p. 406.
The line now traverses the plateau, not far from the Brigach.
— 471/2 M. PeUrtell (2550 ft.; Krone), with a small church, partly
Romanesque and partly Gothic, is the station for (2^2 M.) Konigs-
feld (Oaithof der Brudergemdndey pens, from 4V2 •^ i Curhaus
Doniswaldy B. 1-3, board 4 Jf)^ an interesting little Moravian
settlement. — 51 M. Kimach (2390 ft ; •Wald-H6tel, new and
well equipped, with grounds and view, R. 1^/2-5, B. 1, D. 3, board
5 Jf; Honninger^s Restaurant), whence a road runs through the
picturesque Kimach-Thal to Yohrenbach (8 M. ; p. 406), passing
the ruin of Kime<^ and the village of Unter-Kimach (2^^ M. ;
Rossle). Kimach lies on the edge of the Villinger Stadtwald, which
is traversed by paths in all directions from this point.
54 M. ViUingen (2310 ft. : *Blume or Post, R. Ul2'2% pens.
0-6 Jf; Flcuche; Deutscher Kaiser y nearest the station; Falke;
Rail. Restaurant), an ancient manufacturing town (7800 inhab.),
mentioned as early as the 9th cent., and a centre of the Black Forest
clock-making industry, is partly surrounded with walls and gates,
which fluccessfully resisted sieges in the Thirty Years' War fl 633-34^
and the War of the Spanish Succession (1703-4). XJVar Monument
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Black ForeH. DONAtJESOmNGEN. 4fi. Route, 405
for 1870-7 i rises on the prometiade between the station and the
town. Gothic Munster-Kirche with two towers (of 1420), a Gothic
pulpit, and some good plate. The Rathhaus contains weU-preserved
rooms in the medlsval style, and a few antiquities (40 pf.). The
St, Michaels-Thumij with a portrait of the ^Landsknecht' Romeius
(d. 1513), is the most interesting of the old towers. The Tower of
the AUstadt'Kirche^ beside the (72 M.) cemetery, is a relic of the old
town of Villingen which was removed to its present site about 1119.
The Wanne (2610 ft.),, a neighbouring hill, commands a view of
the Alps in clear weather. About II/4 M. to the S. of Villingen is
the rained Warenburg. — Villingen is the junction for the railway
to Rottweil; see Baedeker's Southern Germany.
From (55 M.) Marbach (2280 ft.) a diligence plies thrice daily to
(3 M.) the baths of Durrheim. — 561/2 ^' Klengen ; 58 M. Qriiningen.
62 M. Donauesohingen. — HoteU. in the town: SchOtzb, with
saline baths, B. lVs-3 Jf, D. from 2, pens, frooi 5Vi UV, old established
and very fair; Falkb zur Post, alsu very fair, peas. 5 ,My Lamm, pens,
from iJ(. — Railtoay Restaurant^ D. iVz Jf. — Small Saline Bath.
Donaueschingen (2220 ft.), an ancient town with 3800 inhab.,
has been the residence since 1723 of the Princes of Fiirstenberg,
who possess a celebrated library and valuable collections. From the
station, we follow the main street, pa^t the ^Furttliche Kammer\ to
a bridge, beyond which, to the right, is the gate of the princely
Park. The latter, With Its fine trees and ponds, is always open to
the public, but the Palace only occasionally.
A descent leads down from the choir of the church to a round,
walled-in basin, with a spring of clear water, which is led by a
subterranean channel to the Brigacb, about 100 ft. distant. An in-
scription styles this spring the ^Source of the Danube* (2220 ft.
above the sea-level; 1780 M. from the sea), but the name Danube
(Donau) is usually first applied to the stream formed by the union
of the Brigach and the Brege.
On an eminence behind the church and the palace stands the
Carlsbau (1868), containing collections of science and art. The
most important pictures are those of the Swabian and Franconian
Schools of the 16th cent., including examples of Zeltblom^ Holbein
theElder^ Barthel Behaniy etc. The Armoury, which occupies a sep-
arate building, embellished with a frieze with hunting-scenes, con-
tains a number of old implements of the chase and a few modern arms.
In the Halden-Str., to the W. of the church , are the Library
and Archives, The library consists of 90,000 vols, and about 1000
MSS., including the finest MS. of the Nibelungenlied after those
of Munich and St. GaUen, and several others of early -German
origin. The same building contains the collections of Engravings
(Diirer, Manlegna, etc.) and Coins, — A large brewery at Donau-
eschingen belongs to the princely family.
From Donadbschinoen to Fdrtwanqen, 20 M., branch-railway in Uh i^i'-
- t»/4 M. Hilfingen, junction for the line to Neustadt (pp. 416, H5). —
40i5 Route 48. WOLFACH. Black ForeH.
6 M. WoUerdingen^ with glass-works. — From (12 M.) Hammereiunhach
(Hammer Inn). — 151/2 M. Ydhrenbach (2620 ft. ; Eisernes Kreuz ; JUicin-
adler)^ with 18(X) inhah., is a scat ot the clock -industry. — 18 M. Schdnen-
bach. — 20 M. Fwriwangm^ see p. 409.
The railway now follows the grassy valley of the Danube. Sta-
tions : Pfohren, Neudingen (with mansoleum of the Princes of Ffirsten-
herg), Outmadingeny Geisingen, Hintschingen, — 75 M. Immendingen
(2160 ft.; Rait. Restaurant; FaZ&c), with 1000 inhab., is the junction
for Waldshut (p. 432) and for Tuttlingen and Rottweil (see Baedeker* s
Southern Germany). — The line traverses a short tunnel and beyond
(77 M.) Haitingen intersects the watershed between the Danube and
the Rhine, by a tunnel 980 yds. long. — 80 M. Thalmuhle. — 84 M.
Engen (1705 ft ; Post or Stern) , a quaint village , is the central
point of the Hohgau, the volcanic cones of which are seen (^Neuen-
hbwen, 2850ft., 172^'. totheN.W.; Hohenhowen, 2780 ft., lV4hr.
to the S.W.). — 85V2 M. Welsehingen ; 871/2 M. Muhlhauseny with
the basaltic cone of the Magdeberg (2185 ft.) to the right; 891/2 M.
Hoherikrahen , with the striking hill of the same name and a ruined
castle. The railway rung past the Hohentwiel (p. 435) to (93 M.)
Singen (p. 435). Thence to (111 M.) Constance^ see p. 435.
g. From Hansaeh to Frendenstadt vift SeMltaoli. Bippoldian.
24V2 M. Railway in l»/«-2 hrs. (fares 3Jir20,2Uf20, iJTdO pf).
From Wolfaeh diligence and omnibus thrice daily to Rippoldtau in ^/a hrs.
(3 Jf; one-horse carr. 12, two-horse 18 J/)\ from Freudenttadt diligence
and omnibus to Bippoldsau in summer in 2^4 hrs. (1 Jf 60 pf.).
Hausachy see p. 401. The train ascends the Kinzig-lhal^ and at
(2 M.) Kimba^h crosses the stream of that name.
3 M. Wolfaoh. — Railway Station on the left bank of the Kinzig,
to the S. of the town. — Hotels. Salxbn, Krone, pens, from 3V2 •#. —
BoTuEB OcHS, pens, from 4 •#; Adlbr^ Zahrinobr Hof; these three
good second-class houses, with similar prices. — *Eibpbritadblbad, with
baths of various kinds, *|^ M. from the station, B. 1V4-2, D. 1V«-2V«» pens.
4-4*/t -#.
Wolfaeh (760 ft.), an ancient town with 2000 inhab. and a
handsome old *Amtshaus', at the entrance to the town, is situated
among abrupt mountains at the confluence of the Wolfbach and the
Kinzig. Walks may be taken to the St. Jacobs- Capelle (1280 ft.),
26 min. from the upper Kinzig bridge, and to the (8/4 hr.) Alte
Schloss (1135 ft.), with view.
The comparatively uninteresting road to (14 M.) Rippoldsau
ascends the valley of the Wolfbach, which it crosses several times.
About 21/4 M. from the station of Wolfaoh it reaches the church of
the scattered village of Ober-Wolfach (936 ft. ; Linde), where a road
(p. 399) diverges through the Rankach-Thal to Petersthial.
At the entrance to (6 M.) the scattered village of Scliapbaeh
^^^375 ft. ; OchSy very fair, at the lower end of the village; Adler,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Black Forest, RIPPOLDSAU. 48, Route. 407
Sonne, farther up), the Wildschapbach-Thal, through which leads
another road to Petersthal (p. 399), opens to the left.
Near the (2^/4 M.) Seebach Inn the Seebach, formed by the
discharge of the sequestered Olaswaldseey a lake situated 4Y2 ^•
from the road below the Letterstdtter Hohe (view), emerges from
a wild side-valley on the left. About 1 M. farther on, huge granite
rocks rise to the right of the road ; near them is the waterfall of the
Burhach, only visible after rain. We next reach (3/4 M.) the —
Klosterle (1780 ft.; H6t. Klosterle, R. from 1% pens. from
b Jff Erbprinz, both very fair), formerly a Benedictine priory,
with a church with two towers, founded in the 12th cent, by the
Benedictines of St. Qeorgen (p. 404). It lies V4M. below Rlppoldsau,
visitors to. the baths of which often lodge here.
Fbox the Elostbble to Fbbudknstadt , 8Vs M. The road passes
Reichenbachy ascends the 8chwab€tch'Thal ^ and traverses tbe Pfaffentoald
to Obertwi$selherg (2790 ft. ; Jagerruhe). Thence it proceeds in wide curves,
round the valley of the Kteine Kintig, to join the road from Sehdmberg^
which it follows to the left to Freudenstadt (p. 406). — There is also a
pleasant footpath (2Vs hrs.) through the woods. Passing the church, we
turn to the right, cross the brook, and take the broad and shady forest-
path to the right (stone finger-post). At Ober-Zieieselbcteh the path forks,
the left arm leading to Frmdenstadt (p. 406), the right to Schenkenzell
(p. 406).
Bippoldsan (1855 ft. j Goringer's Hotel and Bath House, R. 3-7,
B. li/4, D. 3, board 6, bath i^j^-l M, closed In winter; Rosen-
garten, pens. 4i/2-7 Jf), a village with 700 Inhab., lies at the
S.E. base of the Kniebis (p. 399), In a very narrow part of the
Wolf thai It is the most frequented and best organised of the Knie-
bis Baths (1500 visitors annually). The water of the four springs,
containing Iron, earthy Ingredients , and Glauber's salts , Is con-
sidered beneficial In cases of Internal complaints. It is exported In
bottles (800,000 annually), and the salt Is also sold under the name
of 'Rlppoldsau Salts\ The environs afford many pleasant walks
(^Kattelstein on the Sommerberg, Badwald, etc.).
About iVt M. above Rippoldsau lies Eolzwald. Thence across the
Holzwalder Hohe to Oriesbach, see p. 399; across the Kniebis to Oppenau,
see p. 398.
The train continues to ascend the picturesque ITttMip-Tba^, which
again turns to the E. — Beyond (5^/2 M.) Halbmeil (Engel; Lowe)
the train crosses to the right bank. Tunnel. The houses on the
left bank are called the Vordere Lehengericht (Pflug).
9M. SoMItaah (1070 ft.; Bahnhof-HdUl, very fair; Krone,
R. lV4-^» pens. 4-5 Jf ; Engel), an old town (1700 Inhab.) carrying
on a brisk timber-traffic, situated at the union of the Schiltaeh and
the Kinzig, with a modern Prot. church, and a ruined castle on a hill.
Fbox Schiltaoh to Schbambbrq, 6V2 H., branch-railway in 35 min
(fares 60, 40 pf.). The line ascends the Schiltach-Thal, and traverses the
Hintere Lehengericht, with the station of (2y» M.) Lehengericht. At the
Wurtemberg frontier^ above, to the right, is tne mined castle of SchUteck
— 6V2 M. Bchramberir (1380 ft. ; Post or Krone, very fait, pens. 4-5 J'
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
408 Route 48. FRBUDEN8TADT. Black Forest.
Hirsch\ an indnstrial town of 8600 inbab, (straw-plidting, clock -making,
and potteries), is prettily situated on the ScMUach^ commanded by the
ruined Nippenburg. — About 2^/8 M. from Scbramberg, on ibe Homberg
road (p. lO?), wbicb skirts tbe Lauterbacb waterfalls, is the village of
Lauterbach ("Curbaus and Hydropatbic; Sonne), a bealtb-resort.
A picturesque road pr( ceeds from Scbramberg farther up tbe Scbilt-
acb-Thal, traversing the romantic defile of the Berneck and passing tbe
ruins of Falkenttein (lately restored), Berneck^ and Remuteiny and the Tevftfs-
Kiiche^ to (6 M.) Thennmbronn (2l3o ft. ; Krone). There we may turn to
the W., cross tbe Benzehtne^ und reach tbe Reichenbach-Thal^ in wbicb a road
descends to (6 M.) Hornberg; or, turning to tbe b., we may proceed oyer
the Ruppertsberff (2955 ft.) to (7 M.) St. Georgen (p. 404).
The railway (belonging to Wnrtemberg from this point) passes
through a tunnel, beyond which we have another view of Schiltach.
On tbe hill above the tannel are the mined Schenkenbwg and a
Cur-H6teL — We ascend the valley Of the Kintig. — 11 M. Schenken-
zell (1170ft.; Sonne; Ochs), with a ruined castle, is situated at the
mouth of the Kleine Kinzig,in the pretty valley of which lies (2 M.)
Reinerzau (Llnde). The line next passes the Krdhtnbad (for con-
sumptives), crosses the rirer several times, and threads two tunnels.
l4i/2 M. Alpirsbach (1425 ft. ; Lowm-Post, pens. 4-5 u(?, very
fair; Schwan), with 1400 infaab., who carry on a considerable traffic
in timber and straw-hats, is the first station In Wnrtemberg. The
Protestant church, a Romanesque building begun in the 11th cent,
with a Gothic choir, once belonging to a Benedictine abbey, contains
the tombs of a Count and Countess of Zollern and late-Gothic cloisters.
2OY2 M. Lo8sburg-Rodt^ near the source of the Kinzig.
241/2 M. FrendenStadt. — The railway-station (2165 ft.) lies »/4 M.
below the town. — Hotels. (It is advisable to engage rooms beforehand in
tbe summer.) ^.^chwabzwald Hotel, at tbe station, with large garden
and view, R. 2-5, B. !>/♦, X>. 3, pens, from Q Jf. — In the town: ^Postj
■'Krone, new, R. from li/z, D. 2, pens. 5-6 UK; Rappen, R. IV2-2V2, D. 2,
pens, from 4V2 UK; Linde, pens, from 4V2 -#; HeEZog Petkdbioh, new;
R68SLE, pens, i-i^lt J$. — Ccrhaus Wai.dldst, pens. 6-8 UK; Corhads
Palmenwald. R. IV2-3, pens. 5-6 M; Cobhaus Waldeck, on the road to tbe
Kniebis, similar prices. — Lodgings and Pensions abundant, R. 6-9 Ji per
week. — V»itor$ Tax^ 2 M.
Freudenstadt (2380 ft.), a loftily- situated town of Wurtemberg
(7100 inhab.), with iloth-factories and an extensive traffic in timber,
was founded in 1699 by Duke Frederick I. of Wurtemberg for expelled
Salzburg Protestants, and is a favonrite snmmer-resort The plan
of the town is unusual, the centre being occupied by a large open
space (now partly occupied by gardens), surrounded by houses with
arcades, and adjoined by the Raihhauf, the School^ the Protestant
Churchj the Oheramt^ and the new Posit Office. The curiously-con-
structed church, built in 1601-8, and restored in 1887-96, consists
of two naves at right angles to each other, in one of which the male,
and in the other the female members of the congregation sit, while
the altar and pulpit are placed at the angle. The parapets of the
galleries are embellished with stucco-reliefs of Biblical subjects;
the Romanesque font was brought from the convent of Alpirsbach ;
the choir-stalls date from 1488; the crucifix should also be noticed
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Black Forest. FURTWANGEN. 48. Boute. 409
(sacristan, Traubeii-Str. 816, behind the church). Freudenstadt is
snrronnded by fine pine-woods, including the so-called Palmenwcdd.
On the Kienberg (2526 ft.) is the Herzog Friedrich Tower(view ; inn).
Branch-railway from Freadenstadt to KlosUr'Reichenbach yi& Baiers-
1 ronn, fee p. 394. — Good roads lead from Fr«aden8tadt to the W. over the
Kniebis (p. 599) to (12V2 M.) Griesbach (p. 399; one-horse carr. 10, two-horse
18 UT; diligence daily in 2V4hrs.); to the S.W. vi& the Zwieselberg to (T'/zM.)
Rippoldsau (p. 407; one-horse carr. 7, two-horse i2J().
The Wnrtemberg railway goes on/passing several small stations,
to Eutingen (see Baedeker's Southern Oermany).
h. From Triberg to the Simonsw&lder-Tlial ( Waldkirch) vik
Furtwangen.
Con^n ilap^ p. 404.
28 M. From Triberg to (9V2 M.) FurttDongm, diligence twice daily in
2'/4 hrs. ; from Fnrtwangen to (18V« M.) Waidkireh , diligence twice daily
in 3»/4 hrs. (back in 4»/4 hrs.). — A good route for pedestrians is as
follows: from Triberg past the waterfalls to tbe Wasserfall Inn and via
Schdnwald to the forester's honse of Martins-Capelle^ 2Vs hrs. ; tbence via
the Brend to OUtenbach, 2V4 hrs. ; and past the Zweribach WcUer/all to the
top of the Kandelj l^/t hrs.
Triberg (2250 ft.), see p. 402. The road to Furtwangen first
ascends the *Unterthar to the W. , and at the Wallfahrts-Kirche
(p. 403) turns to the left, and ascends the hill in long windings,
crossing the Gutach before reaching the (272 M.) /wn zum Wasser-
fall (p. 403; the carriage-road in the Unterthal leads to Schonach,
see p. 404). About ^2 M. farther on are the Lirhde Inn and the
Pension Beausitey and in 1^4 M. more, beyond a road on the right
leading to Schwarzenbach and Weissenbach (see below), we reach —
4V2M. (from Triberg) Schonwald (3260 ft. ; ^Cur-Hdiel, R. 3/4-2,
D. 2, pens. 4-6 Jf; •Hirsch, R. II/4.3, D. 2V2, pens. 4-7 JT; AdUr;
Ocks^ a summer-resort, amid meadows and pine-woods.
The above-mentioned road (1 M. from the Wasserfall Inn) leads via
Selwarzenbach and Weiuenbaeh to the (IVahr.) fo tester's house of Martint-
Capelle or Martin^hof (3646 ft.), whence routes diverpe to Weissenbach,
Neuweg (Unterkatzensteig, Furtwangen), and Griesbach (Simonswald). This
point may he reached in 1 hr. from Schonwald direct by footpaths via
Obevkatzentteig. — Footpaths lead to the S. from the Martins-Oapelle, along
the slope, to (a/* hr.) the refuge-hut on the *Brend (3770 ft.), one of the
finest points of view in this part of the Black Forest. — Retracing our
steps from the hut for a few yards, we descend to the S. to O/t hr.) the
farm of Alte Eck (3550ft.), on the old Eilpen read, 2V2 M. from Furtwangen,
41/2 M. from Simonswald, and 3 M. from Giitenbach.
Beyond Schonwald the road ascends in a wide curve. Pedes-
trians take the old road , diverging to the right a little before the
last houses of Schonwald, and joining the new road by the (Y2 t^'O
inn Zum Kreuz, at the Escheck (3370 ft.), or the top of the pass,
which forms the watershed between the Rhine and the Danube.
The new road descends circuitously. Pedestrians may shorten the
distance considerably by taking the steep old road, which diverges to
the right at the kilometre-stone marked 10.5.
5 M. (from Schonwald) Purtwangen (2800ft.; Sonne, Bother
Ocha^ both very fair, R. iV2-'^V2^ P^ns. 4-6 ,£; Bahnhpfs-Hf*ieO, on
Digitized by VjOOQ
410 RouU 48. aCTENBAOH. Black Forest.
the Brege , a prosperous little town with 5000 inhab., where the
best clocks in the Black Forest are manufactured. The 'Gewerbe-
halle', or industrial hall, contains an interesting collection of old
Black Forest clocks, from the end of the 16th cent, onwards (adm.
60 pf.). There is a training-school for wood -carvers and clock-
inakers, and another for straw-plaiting. New church. — Railway
to Donaueschingen, see p. 405.
To the (IVa hr.) Brend via. the Alte Kck, see p. 409. — Following the
Simonswald road for about 1 M., then the Linach road for V2 M., and
beyond (he Bregbaeh, where the road bends to the left, taking the foot-
path ascending over the Kaltenherberg (3375 ft.), we reach (7</b M.) Waldan
(Traube ; Sonne\ a favourite summer-resort. Gtood echo at the neighbouring
Laehh&usle. Thence down the Langenordrach-Thal (also reached direct
from the Kaltenherben;) to (4V« M.) the railway-station of Holzlebruck, near
Nenstadt; comp. p. 415.
The road to Simonswald and Waldkirch (I8V2 M.) ascends ftrom
Furtwangen to the S.W. About l*/4 M. from the church of Furt-
wangen a road diverges to the left to Linach (see above). About
500 yds. farther on the Simonswald road turns abruptly to the E.
Qeft). Pedestrians choose the route across the hill to the right and at
the Neue Eck (3230 ft. ; Freiburger Hof) rejoin the road, the farther
windings of which may also be cut off. In about IV2 ^^' ^^ reach
(41/2 M. from Furtwangen) Gfitenbach (2840 ft. ; Zur Hochhurg,
R. 1-1 V2> pens. 4-41/2 Jf-i very fair; Post^ unpretending), another
busy, clock -making place, with 1300 inhab. and a pretty church.
A way-post, beyond the Post Inn, indicates the route , descending
to the left, to Wildgutach and St. MSlrgen (2^/2 ^rs* ; comp. p. 413).
The road, which is partly hewn in the solid rock, continues
towards the W., then turns to the N., and descends In long
windings, affording numerous beautiful views, into the valley Of the
Wildgutach. A footpath cuts off the widest curve (about iy4 M. from
Giitenbach), and rejoins the road at the Stemen Inn (2036 ft.),
about 3 M. from Giitenbach.
To THE ZwBBiBAOH Fall, which is seen beyond the Wildgutach-Thal,
from the road, IV2 hr. We take the footpath to the left a few minutes
beyond the Stern en Inn; 5 min. cross the Wildgutach; 5 min. cross the
Zweribach and proceed towards the high-lying cottage and across the
valley; 35 min. saw-mill; 6 min. cross the brook and ascend on the right
bank ; 20 min. recross to the left bank, and ascend through a farm to the
(1/4 hr.) waterfall. The Zweribach Fall (2525 ft.) consists of an upper and
a lower fall, which, except at the height of summer, present a charming
picture in a romantic frame. A rope is attached to the rocks to assist
visitors to ascend to the upper fall. — The path (guide-posts) continues
to ascend to the (1 hr.) PlattenJiof (3220 ft. ; restaurant), and thence leads
through wood to (»/4 hr.) a wooden hut, where we cross the carriage-road.
Following the direction of the latter and keeping to*^ the right when the
route divides (way-posts), we reach the summit of the Kandel (p. 411), in
IV2 hr. from the Plattenhof.
About 11/4 M. farther down the valley, about 13/4hr.'s walk from
Giitenbach, and beyond another path descending on the left to the
Zweribach Fall, is the inn Zum Engel (1470 ft.), at the junction
of the road with the old Kilpen Road (p. 409).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Black Forest. WALDKIRCtt. 48. Route. 411
As we descend the picturesque Simonswald Valley the attrac-
tions of the road increase. The villages of Ober-, 4W-, and Vnter-
Simonswald consist of numerous scattered houses. On the right,
by the church of Ober-8imonswald, 1 M. from the Engel Inn, is a
finger-post, indicating the way through the Griesbach-Thal to Schon-
wald and Triberg (p. 409). About 2^/ 4 M. farther on lies, the inn Zur
Krone, or Post (pens. 4-5^2 •^)> ^i^ar the prettily-situated church
(1225 ft.) of Alt-Simonswald. A way-post near the Krone Inn in-
dicates a broad path loading , nearly the whole way among 'wood,
through the Ettersbacher-Thal to (2 hrs.) the Kandel (see below);
after about 1 hr. it ascends on the right bank of the stream. Passing
Bleibach (p. 412), the road reaches the Elzthal, about 11 M. from
Giitenbach ; thence railway to Waldkirch (see below).
i. Waldldroh and the Elzthal.
Fboh Dknzlinokn to Elzach, I2V2M., railway in 1V4 lir. (numeroua
local trains to Waldkirch in 20min. ; fares 60, 40 pf.). — Road from Elsach
to (5M.) Ober-Fi'echttJMl, and thence to (5V2M.) SteingrUn in the €htiaeh-T?u»l.
DentUngen, see p. 377. — The line crosses the Elz, Near
(21/2 M.) Bttchholz a strong variety of wine is produced. On the
opposite (left) bank of the Elz are the baths of Suggenthal (816 ft. ;
Reich's Inn, very fair, pens, from 41/2 •^)-
5 M. Waldkirch. — Hotels. Kastblbdbg, at the station, at the foot
of the Schlossberg. — In the town, V» M. from the station : *L6we (Post),
R. IV2, B. 3/4, D. 2V4, pens. 41/2-5 Jt; Bbbstock, with brewery; Adlbb;
Kbone, all near the market-place. — Garden-Restaurant zur Arche, near the
station. — Batfu in the Elz.
Waldkirch (900 ft.), a busy and prettily - situated little town
of 5000 inhab. on the left bank of the Elz, with sUk and cotton
factories and glass and stone-polishing works, is a favourite summer-
resort on account of its picturesque environs. The station lies on
the right bank, to the N. of the town, at the foot of the Schloss-
berg (1185 ft.), which is crowned "with the ruin of Kastelburg, and
may be ascended in 20 minutes. — Among the other view-points
in the vicinity are the Schdnzle, to the S. (to the highest pavilion,
Y2 lirO> "whence the walk may be extended to Dettenbach (there and
back in 23/4-3 hrs.); and the Thomas-Hutte on the Kleine Kandel-
felSj reached in IY4 hr. by woodland paths passing the ruin of
Schwarzenberg.
The ascent of the *Eandel (4075 ft.) may be made from Wald-
kirch in 2V2-3V2 ^rs. The road leads past the Rathhaus to the S.E.
end of the town , and after ^/^ M. forks , the left branch leading to
the HolzpUtze and the Kandel , the right to Altersbach and the
Kandel. Pedestrians also ascend the road through the Altersba^sh (or
AlpersbacK) Thai, then follow the way-posts ('Damenpfad', *Fran-
zosenweg'), and lastly mount in zigzags by the rugged Kandel-
fels. On the top is a covered belvedere and a direction-table, in-
dicating the chief points in the view , which includes the central
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
412 Route 48. ELZACH. Black Forest.
Black Forest as far as the Rauhe Alb, the Vosges, and the Jura.
About 10 mlD. from the top, to the N., is a comfortable Raathaus
(R. 1 uir 20, B. 80 pf.; telephone to Waldkirch).
The descentXmay be made on the K.E. to Onter'Simomwald (p. 411);
on the E. via the Plattmhof and the Zweribaeh Fall to the Engel Inn in
Ober-Simoruwald or to Oatenbach (p. 410); or on the S. to 8t. Pster(p. 413).
From Waldkirch through the Simonswalder-Thal (p. 410) to Onunbach^
4V2hps.; thence to Furtwangen^ iV2hr.; comp. p. 410.
From Waldkirch through the Simonswalder-Thal (p. 410) to Marliiu-
Capelle^ 5 hrs. ; thence to Triberg via SchOntoald^ 2V2hr8.; comp. p. 409.
*rhe railway crosses to the left bank of the Elz, which it thence-
forth follows. — 6V2 M. Kollnau (1227 ft.) , with large cotton-
factories. — 7 M. Outachj with its silk- factories , lies below the
influx of the Wilde Gutach (to the Simonswald valley, see p. 410).
71/2 M. Bleibach (985 ft. ; Sonne), with an old church. The village
extends on the right to the Simonswald road.
The Hdmteberg (29<5 ft.; chapel on the summit), ascended hence in
274 hrs., commands a fine view; the descent to the Krone Inn, at Unter-
Simonswald (p. 4L1), may be made in IV2 hr.
91/2 M. Niederwinden; IOV2M. Oberwinden.
I2V2M. Elzaoh (1190 ft.; Zum Bahnhof, clean; Uirsch) mth
1200 inhab., has a 16th cent, church and a silk-factory. — From
Elzach to flfaslach, see p. 401.
The valley now contracts. We proceed on foot via Unter-Prech-
thai to the Sonne Inn in Ober-Prechthal (J 510 ft. ; 5 M. from Elzach),
whence a carriage-road leads to the right through the Uintere Prech-
ihal (Zum Gemeindesegen) to Schonach (p. 404; 15 M. from Elzach).
The main road continues to ascend to the N.E. via Landwaeser^
whence the Schwedenschanze on the Eirschlache (2760 ft. ; ^/^ hr.
from Ober-Prechthal; fine view) may be visited, crosses the water-
shed between the Elzthal and the Gutach-Thal In long curves (short-
cuts for walkers), and joins the Gutach-Thal road at the houses of
(5 V2 M.) Steingrun (Rossle), 1^/4 M. below Hornberg (p. 401).
k. Hollenthal Bailway (Ereiburg to DonaueBchingen). Eeldberg.
Comp. JfapSy pp. i04:^ 416.
From Freibubo to Donadeschisgen, MVa M., railw«y in ca. 3hr8. View
generally to the right, i.e. opposite the side by which the carriages are
entered at Freiburg. — The first part (cf^mpJeted in 1887) of Ihe *H61Ienthal
Railway commands for a short distance as grand and beautiful scenery
as any part of the older Schwarzwald line. A day's excursion from Freiburg
may be conveniently arranged as follows: take the trtAn to HOlMeig (^. Aii) \
walk through the Ravenca-Schlucht to (IVahr.) iKn<«r«oW«n (p. 414) i take
the train tu the Titisee (p. 415) and back to HincTuprung (^. 414); walk via
the (10 min.)^ Hirschsprung to (V4 hr.) Himmelreich (p.^413). The ascent of
the Feldberg is also a day's excursion: to the Titisee by rail in IVz-l^A hr.,
thence on foot to the top of the Feldberg in SVs hrs., descent to Posthalde
2V4 hrs., rail to Freiburg Ihr. 20 minutes. — From the Feldberg to Schluchtee
3V4 hrs. . thence to St. Blcuien 23/4 hrs.
The inns near the Feldberg, particularly at Titisee, are often over-
crowded in summer, and rooms should be secured beforehand.
Starting from the principal station at Freiburg (p. 377), the
train crosses the Dreham, and halts at (2 M.) Wiehre^ the S. sub-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Black Forest. KIECHZARTEN iS. liuuie. -413
urb of Freiburg (p. 383). It continues to ascend the broad valley
of the Dreisam to (88/4 M.) Liitenweiler (1040 ft.), with a chalybeate
spring, the station for Ebnet, a village with an old ch&teau, on the
right bank of the Dreisam. — In the Kappeler-Thal, to the right,
the ore mined on the Schau-ins-land (p. 384) is smelted.
7 M. Kirohzarten (1285 ft.; Restaurant zur Post, at the sta-
tion; AdUr, LowCy in the village, V4M. from the station), a village
with 800 inhab., 8/4 M. to ^he N.W. of which, on the right bank of
the Dreisam, is Zarten, with traces of the Roman fort Tarodunum.
Fbom Kibchzartbn to St. Mabosn, diligence twice daily; once via
Buchenbach (sec below) and once vi& St. Peter (12 M. ; in 3V« hrs.). The
latter ronte passes Zarten (see above) and at Stegen enters the valley of
the Eschbach^ which it ascends to (TVa M.) the health-resort of St. Peter
(2366 ft., ; Hir*ch\ rebuilt since a fire in 1899, with a Benedictine abbey,
now a Catholic seminary, and an interesting church. Thence over the
hills to (4V2 M.) St. Hargen (see below). — Pedestrians, starting from the
station of Eirchzarten, walk to the K.E. via the Brandenburg Inn to Burg,
and thence ascend the Ibentfuil vi§, the Lindenberg (2670 ft.; pilgrimage-
chapel, with view) to St. Peter, in 3 hrs. — From St. Peter the Kandel
(p. 411) may be ascended in 2 hrs. We follow the road running to the N.
into the Olotter-Thal for about »/4 M. ; then, at the Eckle, we turn to the
right at the guide-post and proceed via the Haldenhof to the S&gendobel
(inn). Thence we ascend to the N. (guide-posts).
Fbom Eibchzabten to Todtnau, 13 M., diligence twice daily in 4V4hrs.
(returning in 3V4 hrs.). The road at first ascends the broad valley between
the Brugga and the Oiterbach. At (21/2 M.) Oberried (1530 ft. ; Stem or Post,
very fair), at the mouth of the Zastler-Thalg(jp.' MS), a wood is entered;
farther on, on a lofty rock, the ruins of the Schneeburg. About 3 M. £rom
Oberkirch the St. Wilhelmx-Thal (p. 418) diverges to the left. The memorial
stone known as the Nothsohrei (BV2 M. from Eirchzarten) marks the cul-
minating point (3300 ft. ; p 334 ; Cw-Hdtel Waldheim) of the route ; a new
road to the right leads to the Halde (p. 384). The main road (comp. Map,
E. 416) now quits the wood and descends through the upper Wiesen-Thal
y Muggenbrunn (Gniner Baum; 1/4 hr. farther on, finger-post on the left
indicating the way to Todtnauberg. p. 426) and Aftersteg to (5V4 M.) Todtnau
(p. 426). Between Aftersteg and Todtnau a footpath diverges to the Todtnau-
berg Water/al (see p. 426).
The railway crosses the Rothbach. — 81/2 M. Himmelreich
(1490 ft.), a farm with an inn at the entrance of the Hollen-Thal
proper. A guide-post opposite the station indicates the way to the
(3/4 hr.) Frauensteigfels (2540 ft.), which commands an attractive
view of the valley of the Dreisam. Thence to the Nessellache
(p.414),3/^hr.
Fbom Himmelbeich to St. Maboen, 8V2 M., diligence daily in 2V2 hrs.
(starting from Eirchzarten).!!' Pedestrians, following - the highroad, pro-
ceed via (1 M.) Buchenbach (1470 ft.; Adler; Hirsch), to the left of which
is the ruined castle of Wisneck, and ascend the Wagensteig-Thal (numerous
shortcuts) to (6 M.) St. K&rgen (2930 ft. ; Hirsch; Krone,* Tpenaion in|both
4UV), a frequented health-resort, with iCXX) inhab. and a conspicuous church
with two towers. — A picturesque road ascends in IV4 hr. tOffthe Thumer
(3320 ft. ; inn), and then descends to (8V2 M.) ih.^'* Ocuthof turn LOwen at
Breitnau (p. 415). An^altemative route leads from the Thumer vi& the
Weisstannhdhe (p. 415) to (3>^hrs.) TiHsee (p. 415). — Picturesque route
from St. Margen through the Wildgutach- Thai to (T^/jM.) GUUnbach (p. 410).
The train now passes the straggling village of Falktnsteig (Zwei
Tauben j Lowe, pens. 3*/2-4.if), crosses the Engebach, passes through
414 Route 48. U()LLSTEIG. Black Forest.
a tunnel below the ruin ot Falkensteinj and enters the HdlUn-Faas,
the finest part of the valley, a defile with towering and overhanging
rocks, partly overgrown with firs and underwood. The Une passes
through the Lower and Upper Hirschsprung Tunf%el. The road wind-
ing through the defile, side by side with the railway and the forming
Rothbachj was constructed by the Austrian government in 1770, and
was shortly afterwards traversed by the Archduchess Marie Antoi-
nette when on her way to France to marry the Dauphin, the future
Louis XVI. The pass also witnessed the celebrated retreat of Moreau
(Oct., 1796), when pursued by the Archduke Charles.
The HoUen-Thal now expands. 11 M. Hirschsprung (1835 ft,).
A footpath, leading to the right 4 min. above the station, ascenda throagh
the Laia>brtmnendobel to (tV4 hr.) the fine view-point of Nesstttache (3420 ft. ;
rfmts.).
Beyond this station the train ascends for about 41/2 M. by means
of a ^rack-and-pinion* arrangement (no change of carriages necess-
ary). After passing through a tunnel 660 yds. long we reach (13 M.)
Foflthalde(2155ft.; Adler^ very fair), pleasantly situated.
From the Adler Inn to Breitnau (p. 415) vii the Neuho/j i'/i hr. A little
short of the Neuhof a pretty forest-path leads to the left to the (I'/z lir.)
Nessellache (see above). — A path, turning to the right at the Neuhof, out-
side the wood, leads to the Kaisencacht (3420 ft.) and the Ptibe^/'e^ (3325 ft.),
whence we may descend to Hollsteig. — Ascent of the Feldl^erg from Post-
halde, see p. 416.
14 M. HdUsteig (2420 ft) , the stotion for the weU-known
♦5tcrnm Inn (R. 18/4-21/2 Ji, D. 21/2, pens. 6-61/2 ^), ^^^^ l>aths
tnd several dependencies, which lies on the road 80 ft. below. It
is a good starting-point for excursions in the Hollen-Thal and for
an ascent of the Feldberg (p. 416 ; numerous finger-posts).
A footpath constructed by the landlord of the ^Sternen", beginning
opposite the inn and passing the post-offlce, leads under the railway-viaduct
to the *Ravenna SchlucJtt, a vvrlld ravine with a fine cascade. After 12 min.
the path forks: the left branch leads to the upper Ravenna-Thai (Breitnau,
p. 4l5); or we may cross the entrenchment to the road, which 'we follow
back to the inn (in all ^fi-i hr.). Or we may prolong the walk toHinter-
zarten (IVzhr. in all). — A pleasant route from the *Sternen' to Hinter-
zarten is as follows : we keep to the highroad for V2 M. ^ beyond the
bridge, where it makes a sharp curve to the left, we take the road to the
right, which ascends the picturesque Ldffel-Thal^ now traversed by the rail-
way, to (IV2 M.) the first houses of ffinterzarten (see below).
The railway crosses the Ravenna ScMuchi (view of it to the left)
by a lofty viaduct, while the road ascends the Hollsteig in bold wind-
ings. The last view of the Hollen-Thal is cut short by a tunnel
(275 yds. long), whence we emerge in the Loffel-Thal. The train
then passes through the seventh and last tunnel and reaches the
topjofithe plateau and the station of —
15V2 M. Hinterzarten (2900; h.-^mtel Bahnhof, Linde^ at the
station ; ^ Adler, near the church, pens. 5 Jf ; Weisses Rossle, V2 M.
to the N.W., pens. Ajfj lodgings), a favourite summer- resort, where
the rack-aiid-piniou railway ends. — The road passing the church
leads via Erlenbruck (3080 ft. ; Schwan), pleasantly situated among
Black Forest. TITISKE. 46'. Route. 415
firs, to the Titisee and Barenthal (see below). The plateau is stud-
ded with farm-houses.
About V4 M. to the W. of the Weisses Rossle a road, diverging to the
N. from the HSUen-Thal road, leads via Oedmbach to the (S H.) Gatihof turn
Ldteen in Steig (3265 ft.). Hence we may proceed to the left to (V4 hr.)
Breitnau (Ereuz) and (V2 hr.) the Hochwart (3680 ft), with an old en-
trenchment (view of the Alps). Or we may go to the right to (1 hr.) the
WeitstannMhe (see below). — From the L6we to the Thumer (p. 413), I'A hr.
Ascent of the Feldberg from Hinterzarten, see p. il6.
18 M. Titisee (2815 ft; Bar, at the station, R. 13/4-3V2, B. 1,
D. 21/2 J(, suitable for passing trayellers) lies about V4 M. from
the small lake of the same name, on the bank of which lie the
Schwarzwald Hotel and the *H8tel Titisee (R. 2-4, B. 1, D. IV2,
S. 1 V2J pens. 6-8 Jf), two pleasant hotels with gardens on the lake,
and both often full in summer. — The Titwe«(2780 ft. j area 266 acres ;
130 ft deep), occupying, like all the Schwarzwald lakes, the bed of
a former glacier, is fed by the Seebach (p. 416) and drained by the
Gutach, called Wutach farther down. The surrounding hills are
partly wooded.
At the old Seebauemhof, a few min. from the Hotel Titisee, on
the Lenzkirch and Schluchsee road (p. 419) which skirts the £. side of the
lake, the steep old road to (40 min.) Saig diverges to the left (new road,
see p. 419). Baig (3250 ft.; Ocha, with baths, pens, from 4»/2 Jf, very fair)
is a summer-resort. — From the first bend on the road. 7 min. from the
Seebanemhof, a forest-path leads to the left to (26 min.) the lonely Kalte
Herherge^ on the Saig and Keastadt road. Grossing the latter diagonally, we
ascend in V2 l»r- *» the wooded summit of the ♦Hochflrst (39(X) ft.), on which
is a view-tower with mountain-indicator (adm. 20 pf. •, rfmts.). — From Saig
to the Hodifirst, ^f* hr. ; from Neustadt, see below.
At the first important bend on the Lenzkirch road (3156 ft.), 2 M. from
the station and about IV4 M. from the Hotel Titisee, is a notice-board on a
tree to the right, indicating the footpath to the Feldherg. This path (very
muddy in wet weather) leads to (IV4 hr.) the 'Adler', in the Baren-Thal
CP. 417).
Ascent of the Feldberg^ see p. 416 j post-gig daily (2^/2 Jf ; carr. and pair
18 Jt, returning via Menzenschwand and St. Blasien, 33 JT),
Another good point of view is the Weisstannhdhe (3910 ft.), 2 hrs. to
the N.W. of Titisee. From the station we follow the Hinterziurten road ;
12 min , ascend to the right (way-post) ; 60 min., Heiliger Brunnen^ with chapel
and inn; thence we follow the way-posts, turning to the left at the top.
Farther on the train crosses the Wutach or Gutach and skirts
the spurs of the Hochflrst (see above). — 20 M. Holzlebruek, at the
mouth of the Langerhordracher- Thai, in which lies (572M.)Waldau
(p. 410). Near Holzlebruck is the Posthdusle, with brewery and
garden-restaurant.
22 M. HeuBtadt (2640 ft. ; Adler-Post; Krone, both very fair;
Railway Hotel), an ancient town, with 3300 inhab., engaged in
clock-making, tanning, and gold-embroidery, is situated at the con-
fluence of the Reiehenhach and the Gutach.
Walks may be taken to the (1 M.) PosOUhule (see above) ^ to the (1 far.)
Hochfir$t (see above), by the Saig road for V«^r-i *hen footpath to the left ^
and vi& Rudenberg to (lV2hr.)Friedenweiler (2966 ft. ^ *Cvrhav$, R. 1^, pens.
4V2-6V2 'M), a favourite summer-resort. On the last excursion we follow
the Lofflngen road for 3 M. and then diverge to the left (omn. 1 J(f, ca
with one horse 4, two horses 6 Ji). r^^^^^T^
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416 Route 48. FELDBERG. Black Fortsl.
From r31V2 M.) Kappd (2578 ft.) a bianch-line to Roundoff
(see below) has been planned. The railway crosses the Gutach and
traverses four tunnels. Beyond (36 M.) Rbthenhach (2722 ft.) we
see a new pilgrimage-church (Zum Schneekreuze) on the left. —
39 M. Loffingen (2630 ft.; Lowe; Sonne), with llOOinhab., is
mentioned as early as 886. — 4O1/2 M. ReUelfingen (2567 ft.).
Loffingen and Bei^elfingen are the stations for Bad Boll (2031 ft. ; Gur-
haus, pens. 5V2-7 Jf)i whieb is situated in the romantic gr i^e of the Wutach,
33/4 M. from the former and 2>/4 M. from the latter (carnages to meet the
train must be ordered in advance). Boll is sarrounded with pine-woods (good
Saths), and in the vicinity are a ruined ca tie and some waterfalls. — About
M. to the S. is the litUe town of Bonndorf (2778 ft. ; Hirsch), reached from
Kappel by dUigeoce twice a day (ISs/t M., in 31/4 hrs.) vi& Lenzkireh (p. 419).
42^2 Bachheim; 45 M. Vnadingen. — The train passes over a
viaduct and through a tunnel. — 47 M. Doggingen (2453 ft); 50 M.
Hansen vor Wald; 5272 M. Hufingen^ \»ith 1700 inhab. and an old
castle, now converted into a hospital. — 541/2 M. Donmieschingen
(p. 405).
The Feldbebg may be ascended from the HoUen-Thal by various
routes, all indicated by floger-posts and coloured marks. The easiest
routes are those from Hinterzarten and Titisee.
Ascent of the Feldbeko from Kikghzabtbn rii the Oiertberg^ or from
the station of Himhelbeich vi& Sonneek^ HitUenealdkopf, and the Rhtken (see
below), 4V2 brs. in each case. The descent towards Freiburg is the most
picturesque.
Ascent of the Fkldbbbo pkom thb Posthaldb (p. 414), 3^/4 hrs. The
footpath crosses the H511bach beyond the Adler Inn and ascends (white
marks), steep at first, in view of the Ravenna viadnct, to (40 min.) the
W. farms of Albersbach (to the left, a path to the Fursatz, see below). It
then proceeds vi& the Haspelsage to the (Vs hr.) Loehrmte (3816 ft.) and
(V4 hr.) the cottages on the Rinken (3800 ft.). The road forks here (\xrgt
Rnger-post) *, we follow the left branch, soon diverging by a path to the
right, which ascends vi& the Baldentceger VieHh&tte to the top in iVthr.
Or we may diverge to the left, below the Scebuck, by the so-caUed *Fel8en-
Weg% leading to:,the (IV4 hr) Feldberg Inn.
AsoENT OF THE Fbldbebo fbom HOllsteig (p. 414) , 3-8Vf hrs. Wc
may either take the footpath indicated by the notice-board at the Stcrnen
Inn or follow the road for Vs V* &°d ascend to the right by the fineer-post
('fiber Bisten', etc.). We ascend rapidly through wood. At the (lOmin.)
BUten (3400Jt.) we join the road from Hinterzarten, which we now follow,
cutting off one of its bends by a footpath. At(l hr.) the iPar<a<« (3675 ft.) the
road fork!), the right branch leading to Lochriitte and the Feldberg (see
above), the left to Zastler. We follow the latter. »/4 hr. Rt^fmkiltU
(3546 ft.). A large^ way-post here points out the routes to various points.
We follow the path to the left (in the direction we have hitherto fol-
lowed), cross (20 min.) the Seetbaeh by stepping-stones, and soon reach the
Feldsee (3650 ft.), a gloomy little lake enclosed by precipitous pine clad
mountains. Thence an easy^ zigzag path ascends to the Feldberg Inn,
V^-'A hr.
AsoKNT OF THE Feldbbrq FROM HiNTEBZABTEN, 2V2-2V4 hrs. We may
follow the highroad to the right from the station, and after a few hundred
yards, at a flnger-post CAlbersbach, Feldberg' \ 2886 ft.), follow the road
in a straight Erection, which joins the above-described route at (Vs hr.)
the Bistm."* Or we may follow the road to Bi-lenhmei (p. 414), ViM. be-
yond which is a finger-post (right), indicating the forest-path to Baren-
thal and Feldherg (see p. 417).
The good road from the Titisee to the Feldberg (9 M.; carr.
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Black Forest. FELDBERO. 48. Route, 417
and diligeuce, see p. 415) diverges to the S. frogi the road coming
from the station, a little on this side of the Schwarzwald Hotel. After
about 1 V4 M. we reach the upper end of tht l*ke (rowing-boat from
the hotel thus far, 40 pf.). Our road is joined by that from Erlen-
bruck and Hinterzarten (see p. 416) 3/4 M. farther on, and by the
forest-path from Erlenbruck (p. 416) •after 3/4 M. more. Beyond a
saw-mill we cross the Seebach^ continue to follow the road (from
which a private road to the Feldsee diverges after 1/2 M.), and as-
cend through wood, passing between the houses of Bdrenthal, to the
AdUr Inn (3180 ft ; 41/2 M. from the station of Titisee), where the
road forks, the Feldberg road ascending to the right, while the main
road leads in a straight direction vilt Neu-OlcLshiitte and Alt-Olas-
hilUe to (9 M.) Schluchsee (p. 419).
About 1/4 ^- fro°^ the 'Adler Inn a path ascends on the left to the
(IV2 hr.) ^Zweiseenblick" (view of the Titisee and Schluchsee) on the Bdr-
halde (4330 ft.); hence to the Feldberg Inn V4-I hr.
The Feldberg road continues to a9cend, commanding for some
distance a fine survey of the Baren-Thal and the Titisee, and then
enters beautiful pine-forest. About 3 M. above the Adler a new road
diverges through wood to the left, and 3 min. farther on an old road
to the (3/4 M.) Feldberg Inn leads off to the right, passing the Menzen-
sehwander Viehhiitte. The Todtnau road goes on vil the (8 min.)
Jdgermatte Inn (4100 ft.; R. from IY2, pens. 5-6 Jf), where the
new road to the Feldberg Inn begins.
The *Feldberg Inn (4195 ft.; R. 2, B. 1, D. I3/4-2V2, pens.
6-7 Jf; post-oflice and telephone), where the road ends, is situated
on the S.E. side of the bare Feldberg ridge (2t/2 M. long, 1/3 M.
broad), which culminates to the N.W. in the Feldberg proper, to
the N. in the Baldenweger Buck, and to the S.E. in the Seebuck,
while on the S. it is connected with the Herzogenhom by a saddle.
Two paths lead from the inn to the (1 hr.) top, diverging from
each other above the (5 min.) cattle-shed. The Telsenweg' to the
r*ght, high above the Feldsee (p. 416), skirts the slope of the See-
buck, to the N. of which it rejoins the older path. The older path
to the left, ascends in windings to the (20-25 min.) top of the
*Seebabk (4755 ft.) , on which is a tower bearing a large bronze
relief of Bismarck (1896). To the E. we have a picturesque view of
the Baren-Thal and the wooded basin of the Feldsee; and to the S.
(in clear weather ; rare in summer) a distant jurvey of the Alps
from the Santis to Mont Blanc, with the Bernese Alps rising con-
spicuously to the left of the Hornberg. — In */2 hr. more we reach
the top of the Feldberg proper.
The •Feldberg (4900 ft. ; 1000 ft. lower than the Rigi-Kulm)
is the highest mountain in the Black Forest, and, with the excep-
tion of the Bavarian Alps, the Schneekoppe (5260 ft.) and two other
peaks (5120 and 4960 ft.) in the Riesengebirge, also the highest
in Germany. On the highest point (the 'Hochste*) are the Friedrich-
Baedeker'3 Hhine. 15th Edit. 07* ^
418 Route 48, FELDBERG. Black Forest.
Luiaen-Thurm (adip. 20 pf.) and the Feldbergthurm Inn (R. 2yr 3,
B. 1, D. I8/4, S. IV2 '^)' The view from the tower includes the
Yosges and the Alps ts leen from the Seebuck (monntain-indicator}.
The Feldberg, which is yisited at all seasons, is frequented in winter
by numerous snow-shoertf, who use the Swedish 'skis'.
Ascent of thb Fbldbebo fbom Obbbbibd (p. 418) thbouoh thb
St. Wilhblms-Thal (5 hn.). We follow the Todtnau road for 3 M. to a
finger-post, indicating the way to the left to the pictureaqne, wooded, and
rocky St. Wilhelnu-Thal. The broad track crosses the brook four times;
beyond the last bridge (2 hrs.) is the humble inn Zum Napf, where car-
rii^e^es must stop. The footpath to the left is to be followed hence;
12 min.. we ascend to the left, at first gradually, afterwards in rapid zig-
zags; V4 hr., the wood is quitted (way- post); we again ascend to the left
to the (36 min.) St. WUhelmer HUtU (4530 ft. ; rfmts. and nightquarters),
from which the tower is attained in 1/3 hr. more.
From Obbbbibd throuoh thb Zastlbb-Thal (4 hrs.). The road is
quitted at Oberried, and Xh^ Zaitler-Thaly a narrow and wild valley, is as-
cended. In 2*U brs. we reach Avf dem Rinken^ and in iV4 hr. more the
top, by the route described at p. 416. We may also ascend to the top
direct from the Zcutler HStts.
From Todtnad (p. 425 ; 3V« hrs.). The Tilif ee road ascends the Wiesen-
Thal yii the hamlets of Brandenberg (Hirsch) and (IVs hr.) Fahl (3790 ft. ;
Adler), and then makes a wide curve to the pais of the Zaifar (3850 ft.)*
where several roads meet. Walkers may avoid the last curve by following
the 'Hebelsweg darch daS Fabler Loch', a footpath to ihe right, »/« M. above
Fahl. From the summit of the Zeiger pass a path diverges to the left to
the Feldberg Inn (iV* hr. from Fahl). — A direct footpath ftrom Fahl to
the (IV4-3 hrs.) tower on the top leads to the left in the village to the
right bank of the Wiese, ascends to the curve of the road, and proceeds
thence to the left to the Todtnauar Hiitte (4355 ft.; rfints.; bed fromlUV),
y« hr. below the tower. — The ascent from Todtnauberg (p. 426) takes
3 hrs. ; the route unites at the Todtnauer Hiitte with that above described.
— From the Nothschrti (p. 413) to the top of the Feldberg 2Vshr8.; nu-
merous way-posts.
From Mbnzbmsghwand (p. 429 i iV3-2 hrs.). At the Hirsch Inn in Hinter-
Menzenschwand the road reaches the right bank of the Alb, which it fol-
lows. The final wide bend of the road before the Zeiger U avoided by a
zigzag footpath to the right at the top of the wood, which re^oin^ the road
at the Jagermatte.
From St. Blasibn (p. 429 \ SVs brs.) we may either follow the road via
Menzenschwand (carr. 25 UV), or take the following walk. About 1 M.
above St. Blasien a road diverges to the rieht from the Mensenschwand
road, mounts Wq BOtzberg^ and leads to (IV4 hr.) Muchenland (3765 ft.)
and (20 min. farther) the Krvmmenhreut (8770 ft.). Beyond it the path
fork<), to the right to AeuU and JlAo, to the left, alway.<t on the same
level, to the(lVa-2hr8.) Awlemer Kreux. Hence we ascend the W. side of
the Feldberg and the Bdrhaide to the Barenthal road in !*/« hr., or, mak-
ing a ddtour by the ZwHseenbUek (p. 417), reach the Feldberg Inn in
274 hrs.
From Schldohsbb (p. 419). The road by Unter-Aha^ Ober-Aka^ and
AltglashUUe unites at the Adler in Barenthal with the road from the
Tltisee described at p. 417. Walkers may quit the road at Unter-Aha
(p. 419; 3M. from Schluchsee) for the path indicated by a finger-post to
tne right, on the road to Aeule.
From the Zeiger (see above jV* hr. below the Feldberg Inn) a footpath
('Herzogenhom') leads to the S.W.. across the Gra/enmatty at the (*/4 hr.)
S end of which is a finger-post pointing to the left to the Spiesshon.
Here we turn to the right and in 20 min. reach the Henogenhorn (4660 ft.),
which aflfords a fine view of the valleys to the S. — From the Herzogen-
horn we may return to the above-mentioned finger-post and descend by
a rough path through wood, keeping to the left, to the Sftieishom (HSO ti^
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Black Forest, SCHLDCHSEE. 48. Route. 419
and (I'A hr.) Meu'zeuschwand (p. 439). Or we may Uke (he Beroau path
(finger-post), but at *An der Eck\ instead of descending to the left lo
Bemanhof, we follow the ridge to the S. to (IVt hr.) the WactU, on the
road firom St. Blaaien to Oeschwand (p. ^29); thence to the left (red marks)
by the BldssUng (p. 429), the Soke Zinken (4075 ft.), and the Hochkopf
(4160 ft.) to Todtmoos.
A fine MocMTAiN Walk leads from the Feldberg vift the Todtnauer
Hutte (p. 418), Kind the atUbenwMm (4563 ft.) to the (3 hrs.) Nothtehrei
(p. 41.3); thence either over the Halde to the (iV4-2 hrs.) 8€hau-im$'Land
(p. 884), or via the TntMimaiOccpf and the BOrnle to the (IV4 br.) Wiedener^ek
(p. 425) and on over the Krinne to (3V2 hrs.) the top of the Belehen (p. 425).
To Lbnzurou diligences ply once daily from Titisee (p. 415)
and from Schluchsee (p. 420), and thrice daily from Kappel (p. 416).
The road from Titisee (572 M. ; diligence in IV4 hr.) douhles the E.
end of the lake and ascends through a line pine-forest (footpath to
the left, 72 M. heyond the hotel). At the (^Vs M.) Bothenkreuz
(3310 ft), beyond the first bend, the road forks. The left branch
leads to Saig (p. 415), and the right to Falkau and Altglashiltten (see
below), while that iu the middle descends through the yalley of the
Uaslach. — The road from Kappel station (3^2 ^* i diligence in
3/4 hr.) passes through the village of Kappel and oyer the hill.
Lenikireh or Ober-Lemkirch (2665 ft. ; AdUr or Posi^ pens. 41/2-
5 JKj yfeVL spoken of; Wilder Mann^ rustic), a village with 1250 in-
hab.. Is one of the chief clock-making places in the Schwarzwald.
Adjoining it is Unter-Lenzkirch (2630 ft.), with 550 inhabitants.
Pleasant wood-walks may be taken from Lenzklrch to the Siockle-
berg^ the Hoehechinn (1/2 ^^'Oi ^^^ '^® ^^^ ot AU-Urach (74 hr.).
1. "Ftom Titiiee to Schluehsee and St. Blasien.
DiLiosMCB tvrice daily to (10 M.) Schluehsee in 2V4 hrs. , to (19 M.)
St. Blasien in 41/2 hrs. Schluchsee has also daUy communication by dili-
gence with Lenzkirch (see above) and with Thiengen (p. 488). Gakriagk
from Tiiisee to Schluchsee 9, with two horses 14 Jl, to St. Blasien 22 and
26 Jf.
From Titisee to (2^2 M.) the Rothenkretiz^ see above. We now
follow the right branch. At ihe Lowe Inn, iu FtUkau, walkers may
descend to the left, through the wood, to the WindgfkU-Weiher.
572 M. Altglashutten (3260 ft.; Lowe, well spoken of), where the
road from the ^Adler' in the Baren-Thal joins ours on the right (2M. ;
seep. 417). We then descend to the E. andS.E., mostly through wood,
and passing the Windgfmi- Weiher, to the Auerhahn Inn (3057 ft.).
The road leading hence to the W. runs vii AeuU (3375 ft.) to (672 M.)
Menzeuschwand (p. 429), while that to the S. (recommended to
walkers) leads vi& Muchenland to (3 hrs.) St. Blasien.
The load to St. Blasien soon forks. The new road, to the right,
runs yitUnter-Aha to the Schluehsee (2965 ft.); the old road, to
the left, which is followed by the diligence, ascends to the village
and summer-resort of —
10 M. Sohloohsee (3120 ft.; *8tern, R. from 2, B. 1, D. 23/4,
^' 1^/47 pen^- ^72 *4f ; Schiff)j situated 72 ^' ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ii^ the
27* ^
420 Route 48. BADENWEILER. Black Forest.
midst of pine-forest. Pop. 600. The lake, 2 M. long and 1/2 M.
broad, is well stocked with fish (boats for hire). On the bank is a
bath-establishment.
The Hochslaufen or Wagnertberff (3556 ft.), to the S. of Seebrugg, is
ascended by convenient paths ^ it aflords a view of the Alps. — The Faulen-
fUrti (3406 ft.), to which a road leads from Schluehsee in 1 hr., commands
a similar view. — The expedition may be extended by descending on the E.
side of the Faulenfurst to (*/« hr.) RothhiXfu (inn, opposite), a brewery founded
by the Abbots of St. Blasien and now government-property (Alpine view).
Fbom Schluchseb to Thibnosn, 21 M., diligence once daily in 6^/4 hrs.,
see p. 433. The picturesque Schliicht-Thal (p. 433) is the only interesting
part of the road. — A road descends the Mettma-Thal from Bothhaus,
ascending to the right, after about 31/2 M., to Brenden. Thence to the
Schlticht-Thal via JJeraw, 4V2 M. — Fbom Schluchsee to Lenzkirch (p. 419),
5V2 M., diligence daily in IV2 hr.
From Schluchsee the road descends to the new road along the
lake, which divides beyond (IV2 M.) Seehrugg (inn), at the foot of
the lake, the left branch leading to Rothhans and Bonndorf (p. 416),
tlie right to St. Blasien. The latter crosses the Schwarxachy the brook
by which the lake is drained, and leads through pine-forest. About
3/4 M. farther on a finger-post indicates a path to the right , lead-
ing by Blasiwald (Sonne) and AUhuUe to St. Blasien (6 M.; IV2 WT.
shorter than by the road). The highroad now enters the Seiwaavz-
halde, a deep and romantic valley, which it follows nearly to (4V2 M.)
Hdusem (p. 430). A little beyond the village it divides (comp.
p. 430), the branch to the left leading to (li/2 M.) Hdchtmchwand
(p. 430), that on the right to (21/4 M.) —
19 M. St. Blasien (p. 429).
m. Badenweiler and Environs.
Fbom Mullheim to Badenweilbb, 6 M., narrow-gauge railway in V2 hr.
(fares 75 , 50 pf.). — Carriages take 1 V* hr. ; fare 1 Jt iO pf. , with two
horses 5V2 Jf, fee included (luggage up to 110 lbs. 60 pf.).
Mullheim^ see p. 386. The line ascends the valley of the Klemm-
bach. — 23/4 M. Niederweiler (974 ft ; Lowe, plain), with a large
brewery.
31/2 M. 06crir«7er (1120 ft. ; Ochse, with garden, R. IV4-IV2,
B. 60-80 pf., D. IV2-2, pens. 4-4^/2 Jf; Wilder Mann, both un-
pretending; Pens. Venedey), a village with 650 inhabitants. —
41/4 M. Hasenhurg (1180 ft.), the station for the Hasenhurg Hotel
(r.) and for the Curhaus Oherweiler (pens. 40-60 Jf per week ; with
baths and large garden), in a sheltered situation at the S.W. base of
the wooded Lausberg, much frequented in spring and antumn.
About 1 M. to the E. of Hasenbui^ is the Schvdne (1430 ft), command-
ing a picturesque view of Badenweiler. Hence we may proceed to the right
to (40 min.) the ruin of NeuenfeU (i960 ft.), returning vll Holden and
Schweighof (p. 424).
The railway skirts the Hasenhurg and reaches the station of
(5 M.) Badenweiler^ ^4 M. below the village.
Badenweiler. — Hotels. «Rom£Bbad, 1/2 M. from the rail, station, at
the main entrance of the Cur-Park, R. 2*6, B. l'/*, P. 3J/|, pens.. 7>/2-l2 •# ;
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Black Forest, BADBNWEILER. 48, Route. 421
^ HOTEL SoKMBE, at the E. entrance of the Park, both with garden<),
R. 3-6, B. 1V4, D. 3V2, pens. 8-IIV2 J(; *H6tel-Pen8ion Saupe, at the W.
end of the village, with garden, E. 2-3V2, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens from 6 Jf ;
ScHWARZWALDBB HoF , R. 2-3, B. 1, D. 2V2, pens. 6-8 Jf; Meissbdrger,
well spoken of, pens, from 5 Jf; Sonne ^ Elsasser Hop, Bellevue, two
Jewish houses. — Pensions: Villa Joner; Engler; Hugler; Pfluger
(6-S Jf)i etc. — 'Hads Baden, in an open situation on the edge of the
wood, 1 M. to the S of Badenweiler, R. 2-3V2, B. 1, D. 2V«, pens, from 6 Jf
(closed in winter). — Private Apartments 6-26 Jf per week.
Visitors* Tax at Badenweiler 2 Jf per week, or 20 UV for the season ;
in the environs 1 and 10 Jf ; day-ticket 60 pf. — Baths at the Marmorbad
IV2 Jf'> tickets per dozen 16 Jf', at the Freibad 1 Jf^ tickets per dozen
8-10 Jf. Gentlemen nse the Freibad from 7 to 9.30 a.m. and the Marmor-
bad 9.30 to 12, ladies vice versa. The Freibad is also used in the afternoon.
English Ohuroh Service during the season.
• Oarriages. By time: first hour Sy^ Jf^ each additional hour 2V2 Jf^
with gratuity of 40 pf . per hour. To the top of the Blauen , one-horse 9 Jf
80 pf. , two-horse for 2-3 pers. 14, for 4-5 pers. 19 Jf, gratuity IV2 Jf; to
BUrgeln 1 Jf ^ yt, two-horse IOV2 or 12 Jf, gratuity i Jf; to Kandem,
8 Uy 40 pf., two-horse 12 Jt, gratuity 1 UV. — Donket to the Blauen 3*/4 Jf-,
Belchen 8 Jf, Sophienruhe 70 pf. 5 HoRss in each case Vsth more.
Badenweiler (1450 ft. above the sea, 690 ft. above the Rhine),
a village with 600 inhah., lies among the W. spurs of the Black
Forest, on a buttress of the Blauen , and commands an unimpeded
view across the valley of the Rhine to the Vosges. The thermal
springs (77**-80°3, which are almost destitute of mineral ingre-
dients, were known to the Romans. Badenweiler, however, owes
its present prosperity to its fine air, its sheltered situation, its
equable temperature, its t)eautif ul walks , and its important whey-
cure. It is patronised by over 5000 visitors annually, including many
sufferers from pulmonary and nervous ailments. The season lasts
from mid-March to the end of October.
The Curhans, built in 1853, contains concert, ball, and reading
rooms, and a restaurant (D. at 12.30 p.m. 2^/2 •^)' A. band plays
here morning, afternoon, and evening.
Adjoining the Curhaus is a *Park, 15 acres in extent, laid out
in 1825 and enlarged in 1865. It is remarkable for the luxuriance
of its vegetation , the native trees being neighboured by fine coni-
ferae, cedars, pines, laurels, and yews. A broad walk (fine views)
encircles the castle-hill, on the E. side of which, near the Curhaus,
is a Wandelhahn or covered promenade. The hill is crowned with
the ruins of the Castle (1500 ft.), which was originally built by
the Dukes of Zahringen in the 11th cent, and was destroyed by the
French in 1688. Its foundations are possibly of Roman origin. The
ruin is reached by flights of steps, and a fine prospect is enjoyed
from the ivy-clad walls.
In the E. part of the park rises the handsome Bath House (Mar-
morhad)y with a colonnade, 108 ft. long and 69 ft. broad, built by
Leonhard of Carlsruhe. The arrangement of the interior somewhat
resembles that of the ancient Roman baths, all the rooms being
vaulted and lighted from above. Visitors admitted 12-1 ; fee 25 pf.
Behind the Marmorbad is the Freibad, also well fitted "PooqIc
422 Route 48. BADENWEILER. Black Forent.
The aucient *Bomaa Baths to tbe W. of the Mannorhad , dis-
covered in 1784, are among the finest in existence and were pro-
hably constracted in the second century of oar era. They are shel-
tered by a wooden roof (open 7-11 and 2-7; adm. 20 pf.).
The stracture (77 yds. long and 22-27 yds. wide) is divided into two
corresponding parts, the larger of which, to the "W., was reserved for tiie
men, that to the E. for the women. On each side there is a vestibule
(airium)f used for walking and gymnastic exercise<«, whence a passage, ad-
joined on the 8. by the dressing-room (apodpterium) and on the K. by the
vapour or hot-air bath (ealdariwn)^ leads to the two cold baths (frigi-
daria)^ each measuring 33 by 21 ft. Beyond these are the warm baths
(tepidaria)^ 28V2 by 24 Vs ft. Smaller rooms served as anointing -rooms
(unctoria), and for other purposes.
On the S. side of the Gur-PUtz , in front of the main entrance
to the Park, is the Orand-Dtieal Palace^ built in 1586 and remodelled
in the German Renaissance style in 1887-88. — The new street to
the right, with numerous villas and the small Roman CathoUc Churchy
leads to Niederweiler. The street to the right passes above the
Parish Church (Prot. ; 1897) and leads to Kandem.
In the enyirons of Badenweiler are numerous picturesque aud
well-kept FoRBST Paths, leading to beautiful points of view and
provided with guide-posts.
Proceeding from the Edmerbad Hotel to the right, through the shady
garden of the cattle (open to the public), we reach 0 min.) uie corner of •
a wood on the Kander^ road, where a finger-post indicates the ascent to
the SopMenruhe: 2 min., at a cross-way, we ecmtinue to ascend in a straight
direction ) at the (7 min.) 'Bondel^ turn to the left; 7 min., turn to the
left again, then descend slightly to the left; 3 min., the Bophienruhe
(1690 ft.), an open space on the outskirts of the wood, commanding a more
picturesque view than the old castle, which with Badenweiler itself forms
a beautiful foreground.
On the way back, 2 min. from the Sophienruhe, a broad path ascends
to the left through wood, crossing the tomL. to (5 min.) the road to the
Blauen and to the 0/4 hr.) Alte Xann (2006 ft.) . a rocky height, acces-
sible by bridges and steps; view similar, beautiful wooded foreground.
An unimpeded view of Badenweiler is obtained from a rock farther to
the S., to which a path, passing to the right of the hut, leads at about
the same level.
We may then return to Badenweiler by the Schuberg-Fols or by
Haus Baden. The Sehuberg - Felt (2166 ft.), another point of view, is
reached in 10 min. by a path which gradually ascends to the 1?. of the
hut. Farther on, the path crosses the road to the Blauen and leads through
the narrow, pine-clad Voffelbaeh'Thal. — From the Alte Hann a path descends
in windings in 1/4 hr. to Hans Baden (1720 ft.), with pretty grounds and
a good view.
VGgithtim (900 ft. ; Ochs), a village on the slope of the hill, reached
from Badenweiler by a shady path in IVa hr., is another pleasant ob-
ject for a walk. Auggen^ see p. 386.
Fbom Badbnwbilbb to BtBOBLN (5 M.). The best route is by
the Kandem road to(2M.)^eftrin^en. About V2^* ^&rther on (beyond
kilometre-stone 4) a path diverges to the right to the (10 min.)
'Alpenansicht\ on the wooded S. flank of the Hbrrdt^ commanding
in clear weather a view of the Bernese Alps. At kilomdtre-stone 6
the road to Bfirgeln diverges to the loft and leads through wood to
the foot of the hill, whBr« it bends sharply to th«^ right and ascends
Black ForesU BLAUEN. 48, Route. 423
SohlOBf Bfurgeln (2180 ft. ; Inn, yeiy fair, D. at 12.30 p.m. 2,
pens. 5 Jf), 6 M. to the E. of Sehliengen (p. 386), was formerly a
chateau of the wealthy Benedictine abbey of St. Blasien (p. 429),
and was founded in the 12th century. The stag which figures in
the arms of St. Blasien still serves as a weather-cock. The present
building, adorned with stucco-ornaments and figures of the tutelars
of St. Blasien, dates from 1762. The church is used for Roman
Catholic worship. Burgeln commands a striking and uninterrupted
view, resembling, though less extensive than, that from the Blauen,
at the S. base of which it lies.
FBom BuROELK TO THE Blacem, 2-3 hrfi. At th3 above-mentioned bend
on the Bur?eln road stands a finger-post, pointing to 'Vog.^lbach and Hoch-.
b]anen\ The route to the Blauen diverges to the left from that to Yogel-
bach. The windings of the carl-track may be avoided by pedestrians.
The *Blaaen (3830 ft.), one of the highest points of the Black
Forest, and the nearest to the Rhine, is easily ascended by the above-
mentioned road in 2^2 ^^s* ^ pleasanter walking route leads via
the Alte Mann, Prinzensitz, HoheEiche, Schrennengraben (3018 ft.;
refuge-hut), Wankersfels, and Hlrzenmattle. The distance, how-
ever, is only slightly shortened towards the very end, 26 min. below
the summit, where the road is crossed (5 min. farther on, on a saddle,
we reach the *H6henweg', p. 887). On the summit, surrounded
by wood, are a good Inn (R. 172» B. 1, D. 2V2j pens, from 5 Jf)
and an iron platform which commands an unimpeded view of the
Alps from the Glamisch to the Matterhorn and Mont Blanc, the
Jura, the plain of the Rhine, the Vosges, and the Black Forest.
About Vs H. below the inn, beyond the second bend of the carriage-
road, is a finger-p st indicating the above-mentioned route to (IVz-'V* br.)
Bilrgeln.
At the first bend of the road, about 3 min- from the inn. a footpath
divei^es to the righ*, lea<JUing, as mentioned above, to the *H6henweg',
where a finger-po«t shows the way to Sulzburg and the Belchen. Thi.s
oflfers a fine high-level *Walk of about 4V« hrs. (way-posts). Passing to
the left of the Stocliberg (early-German ring-wall), we reach the saddle of
Egerten (3042 ft. ; *l\ hr. from the inn). Here we cross the Schweighof and
Marzell road and a^'cend from the refuge -hut to the right. At the (V4 hr.)
cross-roads we keep to the right, and !25 min. farther on to the right again.
At (1/4 hr.) the saddle of Stiihh (9445 i\.\ refuge-hut) we cross tbe Sirnitz
and Marzell road and follow the nearly le^el path to the left. In 1/4 hr.
we come to the Sirnitz-Sattel (3470 ft.), in 7 mm. more to the SpShneplatz,
and in a farther 1/4 hr. we c os'? a road and then a stream, after which
we a=cend in a curve to the left, r. aching in 20 min. the highroad, whivh
we descend to the (20-26 min.) Haldmhof {^. 424).
About SVs M. to the 8. of Burgeln lies Kandem (1160 ft. \ Krone ; Blume ;
Ochte)^ a busy little town with 2000 inhab., to reach which a pleasant
detour of about 2Vs hrs. may be made vii Bilrgeln, Kdsackery Vogelbach^
and the ruins of Sausenburg (2180 ft. \ key at Vogelbach), destroyed by tbe
French in 1678.
Fbom Kanderm to Haltingen (p. d86j, 8H., branch-railway in V4 hr.,
descending the Kander-Thal. via (i»/4 M.) Bammerstein, (S'/a M.) Wollbach,
iiy^ M.)\WiUlingen^ (S'/aM.) R&mmingen, and (7 M.) Bingeti.
y Google
424
n. From Badenweiler to the Belchen, and tLrough the
Moniter-Thal to Staufen.
Comp. Mapty pp. 416 y 418.
One Day: from Badenweiler to the Belchen in 5 hrs. (nmnerous
finger-posts \ horse or donkey, see p. 421); down to Staufen^ 3 hrs.
A good road leads from Badenweiler to tlie E. to (1^/4 y[.)8chweig-
hof (ibiO ft. ; Sonne), the highest village in the valley of the Klemm-
bach (I1/4 M. from Oberweiler), where roads diverge to Marzell (r.)
and Sulzburg (1.).
The new road (to Schonau , p. 426) ascends the valley of the
Klemmbach (shortcuts hy footpaths and the old road) to the (41/2 M.)
unpretending Auerhahn Inn, on the Simitz (2956 ft.), where another
road to Marzell diverges to the right, while the Schonau road as-
cends to the left. Walkers follow the old road, which ascends be-
tween the inn and the 'Felicitas Hut', and regain the (35 min.)
highroad on a saddle (3516 ft.) where the Belchen becomes visible
(to the right is the footpath to the Blauen , p. 423). In 1/4 hr.
more we reach the rustic Inn zum Halderihof (3050 ft.) , where
finger-posts indicate the routes to Bad Sulzburg (I.) and (a few
steps farther on) to the Munster-Thal. It takes about 2^2 ^^s- ^
walk from the Haldenhof to Wembach (p. 426) by the road vi& Neuen-
wegy Oberhollen^ and Niederhollen.
To reach the top of the Belchen we take the new *Schattlge
Weg' (*Hohenweg', p. 387), which, after 20 min., joins the older
route beginning 6 min. beyond the Haldenhof. We quit the latter in
2 min., but rejoin it once more 1/2 hr. later; from this point to the
cattle-shed 8 min.; 25 min. beyond this, along a shadeless path,
we reach the Hohe Kelchsattel (4090 ft), where finger-posts point
to Badenweiler and Sulzburg and to the Unter-MUnster-Thal; 6 min.,
finger-post pointing to the summit and (r.) the Belchenhaus (1/4 ^r.).
Ascent op thk Belchen from Schonau (p. 426) in the Wiesen-Thal;
three ronten. (1). Carriage-road via SeMnenbucfien (passing UtEenfeld half-
way, p. 426), then to the left up the valley of the Aiterbachy via Aitem
and Eolzinshatu (2620 ft.), to (3 M.) the upper end of Unter-MulUn (3296 ft.).
Thence a footpath, to the left, reaches the summit in about IV4 hr. |The
carriage-road goes on viH Oher-Mvlten and the Krinne to the Unter-HQnster-
Thal (p. 425).] — (2). A more convenient route is the footpath (2V4hr8.),
indicated by a guide-post beside some lime-trees near the K. end of the
village^ 1 hr., EolzinsJtaua; at the last house, guide-post on the left^ then
straight on up the right bank of the Aiterbach through wood ; 1 hr., view
of the Belchen, to the summit of which (•^hr.) we follow the telegraph-
wires and guide-posts. — (3). The older and shadeless route, leading to the
left at the ^Sonne' and ascending vi& Schdnenberffy is about V? hr. shorter.
Ascent op the Belchen fbom Bad Salzburg (1516 ft. ; p. 386), 4-4V2hrs>
Passing the hotel, we ascend to the right (guide post) silong the StUzhaefi-
V2 hr., Finger-post, indicating route to left. At (Vz hr.) the finger-post point-
ing to the Behaghel-Felt (2216 ft. ; 1.), we ascend to the right, quitting the
wood in J/« hr. more. At (1/4 hr.) the K&lbeUtchetter (cattle-shed) we gain
the saddle between the Kaibenkopf (3(i75 ft. ; N.) and the Simitzkopf (3 '10 ft.).
The Belchen is now visible. Here we proceed to the right, through wood;
V2 hr., bench, with fine view of the Munster-Thal and the Belchen; V* hr.,
Haldenhof. see above. C^ r\r\n\f>
' Digitized by VjOOQIc
Black Forest. BELOHEN. 48. Route. 425
The ''^lohen (4640 ft.), perhaps the finest point of view in the
Black Forest, commands a most picturesque and uninterrupted sur-
vey of the surrounding valleys, especially the attractive MUnster-
Thal towards the W., the Wiesen-Thal to the S., and the Rhine Valley
stretching far into the distance to the W. In clear weather a magni-
ficent distant prospect is enjoyed. Four mountain-chains are visible :
to the E. the Black Forest with its numerous peaks, W. the Vosges,
S. the Jura and the snow-clad Alps. About 180 ft. below the summit
is a very fair Hotel (R. 1 72-2) D. 2-3 Jfj post-office and telephone).
Fbom the Bblohbn to the MOnsteb-Thal. We follow the
Badenweiler-Sulzburg route to (}/^ hr.) the saddle mentioned at
p. 424, where a guide-post indicates the way (r.) to the lower
Munster-Thal. This leads over the ridge of the Langeck and descends
its N. slope to the road that reaches the Unter-Munater-Thal above
the (l*/2 Sr.) Inn zur Krone. We follow the highroad (from Staufen
to Neuenweg and Schopfheim) to the right. At (20 min.) the hamlet
of Wasen (see below) the Staufen and Schopfheim road unites with
the Ober-Munster-Thal road. From this point we descend the val-
ley of the Neumagen-Bach to —
3 M. Staufen (910 ft; Kreuz ^ Post, very fair, R. 1-1 V2, pens.
from Ajf; Krone), an ancient town with 1800 inhab., overshadowed
by the ruined Staufenhurg, the seat of a powerful race which became
extinct in 1602. Rathhaus of the 16th century. The vineyards on
the hill yield good *Burghalder' wine.
Staufen is a station on the branch-line from Salzburg to Krotz-
ingen (p. 386).
From Staufen to Utzenfeld in the Wiesen-Thal, 19'/* M. To (3 M.)
Wasen, see above. Ascending the Ober-MUnster-Thal to the N.E., towards
the Schan-ins-Land, we pass the ancient monastery of St. Trudpert (Linde,
a few yds. farther on, pens. 3-5 Jt) and reach (4V« M.) the inn Zum Hirteh,
at the Spieltoeg (1800 ft.). The road ascends hence in long windings towards
the S., through wild and romantic scenery. After 2 M. the Sefuxrfenstein,
a precipitous rock of porphyry, crowned by the scanty remains of a
robbers' castle, rises on the left, the finest point on the route. The
road then passes Ntuhof (inn) and reaches (5V2 M.) the culminating point
of the Wiedtnerick (3396ft.), where the road from the Nothscbrei, mentioned
at p. 884. ends. [A footpath leads hence by the Krinm (p. 424) to (2V2 hrs.)
the Belchen.] The road descends hence in numerous windings (commanding
a fine view of the Alps) by the village of Wieden (Hirsch) to (4V2 M.)
Utzenfeld in the Wiesen-Thal (p. 426).
0. The Wiesen-Thal and the 'Strategic Line'.
Comp. Map^ p. 418.
The source of the Wiese is on the S. slope of the Seebuck, not far
from the Feldberg Inn. The uppermost part of the valley is traversed
by the road leading from the Titisee to Todtnau (from the Feldberg Inn
to Todtnau 3 hr.^. ; by the footpath, p. 418, IV2 hr.).
Todtnau (2180 ft. ; Ochs, R. ±^2-^% B. % pens. 4-7 JT; Bear,
R. 1-2, pens, from 872 *^j l>oth very fair; Hir$ch ; Sonne), a thriving
little town in a picturesque situation, with 2200 inhab., is the highest
in the Wiesen-Thal (road to Kirchzarten, seep. 413). Pleasant ex-
426 HouU 48. SOHONAU. Black Forest.
cursioD to the Todtnauberg Waterfall^ formed by the Bergerhach de-
scending in several leaps, altogether 300ft. in height, and to Todtnau-
berg (3350 ft. : Stern j Engel), whence we may return to Todtnau by
Aftersteg (p. 413; a circuit of 9 M.). Comp. the Map, p. 416.
Fbom Todtnau to Schopphbim, 15^2 M., railway in 1 Y2 ^r- ; fares
IJfiOyiJfAO pf., ijf. — The line descends the Wiesen-Thal,pa8s-
ing through picturesque rocky gorges. 1 M. Schlecktnau (Lamm);
11/2 M. Qeschwend (Rossle), at the mouth of the Prdgbach (via Prag
toTodtmoos and St. Blasien, see p. 428). 31/4 M. UtzenfM (Eiche),
where the Munster-Thal road (p. 426) descends from the Wie-
denereck. — 41/2 M. Sohdnsn (1760 ft. ; *Sonn€, R. IVrS, B. 8/4,
p3ns. 4^/2 J( ; Oehs, R. from i^/3. pens, from 6 Jf { Krone; Vier
Xidtpen), a busy little town with 1660 inhab., prettily situated.
Pleasant walks on the Buchenhrand (S.) and Oalgenhalde (S.), and
in the Fuchswald (1 M. to the S.E.). Ascent of the Belcheny see p. 424.
The valley expands. The stream is employed in the irrigation
of the land and for the supply of numerous mills and factories.
From (6V4 M.) Wembach (1702 ft.; Rabenfels Curhaus) a carriage-
road leads to the W. through the Bollen-Thalj by Oberbollen and
Neuenweg, to Badenweller. — 71/4 M. Hepschingen, From (8^2 M.)
Mambach a picturesque route diverges to the E. through the Angen-
bach-Thal\)y Rohmatt to Todtmoos (p. 428; 8 M., 3 hrs. walking). —
10 M. Atzenbach (Adler); to Todtmoos-Au, see p. 428.
1 1 V4M. Zell(l460ft. ; Lowe, R. 1 V2-2V2 ^; ^^one) «im Wiesen-
thaV, a prosperous manufacturing place with 3400 inhab. and im-
portant spinning and weaving works. Extensive views of the Black
Forest and the Alps are commanded by the Zeller Blauen (5606 ft.),
1 72 ^^' to tlie N. ; the Oretgener Rbhe (2650 ft), near the village of
Gresgen, 1^4 hr. to the W. ; and still better from the belvedere on
the ""Hohe Mohr (3230 ft.), 1 V2 lir. to the S.E.
13 M. Hansen (1380 ft; Linde), on the right bank of the stream,
where Hebel (b. at Bale 1760, d. 1826), the poet of the Black
Forest, spent his early years. A Statue of Hebel was erected in
front of the church in 1860. Opposite to it, to the right, is the
house of the poet's parents (now an almshouscY indicated by an in-
scription. The valley here 'changes its creed , the inhabitants of
the upper part of the valley being Roman Catholics, those below
Hausen Protestants. — I48/4 M. Fahmau, 4V2 M. to the N.E. of
which, on the slope of the Hohe Mohr (see above), is the health-
resort of Schweigmatt (2560 ft. ; *Curhaus, pens. 6-8 Jf),
I5V2 M. Sohopfheim (1230 ft; Pftug, Drei Kbnige, both very
fair) is a small town (3550 inhab.), with two new churches and con-
siderable manufactories of cotton, paper, and earthenware. The
Hebelshokej with a temple and bronze bust of Hebel (see above), is
a pleasant spot with grounds, ^2 M. from the railway-station.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Black Forest. LftRRACn. 48. Rout f, 427
Schopfheim is the junction of the 'Stbatbgic Railway' built in
1887-90, which avoids the Swiss territory near Elein-Baself and in
connection with part of the Wiesen-Thal railway and with the line from
Tmmendingen to Waldshut (p. 433), now permits through-commn-
iiication on German soil between S. Germany and Upper Alsace.
From Bale to Sackingen, 261/2 M., in 1 Vq-^ ^'s. ; fares 3 Jf 60,
2 ur 60, 1 jr 70 pf.
BdU (870 ft), see p. 386. The line diverges to the left from
the Schaffhausen and Constance railway (p. 431) and enters the
Wiesen-Thal, to the N^. On a wooded hill to the right is the church
of 8t, Chrischonay formerly a resort of pilgrims, now a Protestant
missionary institution. — Beyond (3^/4 M.) Riehen (Ochs), with its
pleasant yillas, the German frontier is crossed. From (5 M.) Stetten
(945 ft. ; Adier) we may ascend in 72 ^'- *o Oher- TuUingen (restaurant
near the church), situated on a hill (TuUinger Hohe) which com-
mands a magnificent yiew of the Baden Oberland and the mountains
of Alsace and Switzerland.
51/2 M. Lorrach (970 ft.; Hirsch. R. 172-^72 ^, ^ery fair;
Krone; MarkgrafUr Hof; Bahnhof-Hdiet), the most important place
in the valley, with 10,350 inhab., contains extensive shawl, cloth,
and other factories. The 8chutzenhau8 (1085 ft.) on the Schadelberg
commands a fine view.
Fbom LdKRAOU TO LsoPOLDSHdHR, S^U M., railway in 16 minutes. This
line forms the W. end of the ^Strategic Railway' (see above). Beyond
(1 M.) Stetten (see above), the line passes under the TilUinger HUhe (see
ab "ve) by means of a tunnel 945 yds. in length. 2V2 M. Weil^ with numerous
villas, vineyards, and orchards. — 3^/4 H. Leopoldthfihe^ see p. c86.
Farther on, on a wooded eminence to the left, rises Schloss
Rotteln (1355 ft), one of the largest in the Duchy, commanding a
fine view, once the residence of the Margraves of Hochberg , after-
wards that of the Margraves of Baden. It was taken by Bernhard
of Weimar in 1638, dismantled and blown up by the French in
1678, and restored in 1867. Fair inn at RbttlerweiUr, at the foot of
the castle, I72 M. from Lorrach; thence to the top 74 ^^'
7 M. Haagen (987 ft.; Krone), with cotton-factories; on the
right, Bronibach, with the rains of a castle destroyed, in the 17th
century. 10 M. Steinen; 12 M. Maulburg^ industrial villages.
14 M. Schopfheim, the junction of the Zell and Todtuau line
(p. 426).
The strategic line now quits the Wiesen-Thal and, beyond
(16 M.) Fahrnau (72 M. from the station of the same name mention-
ed at p. 426), pierces the Dinkelberg, the watershed between the
Wiese and Wehra, by means of a tunnel 2 M. in length. — 1772 M.
Haael (1320 ft. ; inn). Near the village is the Erdmann$-Hohle, a
stalactite cavern, interesting also to the zoologist on account of
its white flies and blind spiders (electric light ; the inn-keeper at
Basel has the key ; 50 pf.).
The line descends the Wehra -Thai (p. 4^S).^ ^l(g^^|y ehr
428 Route 48. TODTMOOS. Black ForeH.
(1205 ft.; Krone; Adler, well spoken of ; Baftnfto/«-H5i«i), an in-
dustrial village with 3500 inhab., commanded by the ruined castle
of Werrach. — 213/4 M. OefUngen (1085 ft.); 22V2 M. Brennet
(Wehrathal; Kreuz), about V2^- ^'^"^ *^6 station of the same name
mentioned at p. 431. — 261/2 M. Sdckingen (p. 431).
p. Wehra-Thal and Albthal.
The traveller who desires to descend from the Feldberg to the
Rhine by the *Wehra-Thal should turn to the E. at Oeschwend
(station of the Todtnau and Zell railway, p. 426) and ascend the
course of the Prdgbach. For the first 2^2 M. we follow the road
leading over the Wacht to St. Blasien (comp. p. 429), from which we
diverge to the right beyond the Hirsch Inn^ by a steep road ascend-
ing to the hamlet of Prag (2505 ft.). Then, leaving ihe road to
Herrenschwand to the right and the fioc/ifeop/' (see below) to the left,
we proceed to the Weissbach-Sattel and descend past Weg to (3 hrs.)
Todtmoos.
Todtmoos. — Hotels. Hotel Cdbhaus, with hydropathic appliances,
R. IV2-4V2, B. 1, D. 3, board from 5 Jt; •H6tkl Villa Bbllbvub^ Lowb,
recommended for passing visitors, R. from IV2, pens, fr )m 5 J(; Pens.
Adlbb, pens. b^Ji; Pkns. Schmid. About V2M. to theW. is the 'Sana-
TOBiDM Wehbawald (2821 ft.; Dr. Lips), the lighest situated of its kind in
Germany, specially adapted for suflFerers from lung-diseases 5 pens., includ-
ing medical attendance, heating, and light, lOVz-UVe Jf.
Todtmoos (2690 ft.) is a village and summer-resort of 1500 In-
hab., with a church, much resorted to by pilgrims from the S. portion
of the Black Forest and from Switzerland. It lies at the upper end of
the Wehra-Sirasse, which is here joined from the W. by a road from
Mambach through the Angenbach-Thal (p. 426) and by a new road
from Schonau (p. 426), and from the E. by a road from St. Blasien
via Mutterslehen (p. 430). Another road to the S. goes to Herrisch-
ried, etc. (see p. 432). — The ascents of the Blossling (p. 429) and
the Hochkopf (p. 419; li^hr.)* ^^^ other attractive excursions
may be made from Todtmoos.
The next village in the Wehra-Thal is (3 M.) Todtmoos- Au
(2270 ft. ; Hirsch), commonly called the Au. The next portion of
the Wehra-Thal is a magnificent rocky ravine, the most striking
of all the valleys in the Black Forest. The bold pine-crowned
cliffs enclosing the valley are clothed with luxuriant vegetation,
broken here and there by imposing masses of barren rock. At
the bottom of the valley the stream dashes impetuously over the
blocks of granite which obstruct its narrow channel, frequently leav-
ing but little space for the road. The most striking point is about
halfway, at a bridge which carries the road, beyond a tunnel, to the
left bank of the Wehra. On a precipitous cliff to the left at the
outlet of the valley rises the ruin of Bdrenfels (view-tower). —
There is no inn between Todtmoos-Au and (IOV2M.) Wehr (diligence
twice daily from Todtmoos in 2 hrs.; back in 3 hrs.), where we
Black Forest. ST. BLASIEN. 48. Route. 429
reach the new strategic line (see p. 427 J. About I1/4 M. before
entering Wehr we may cross the Wehra at a saw- mill, and ascend
through the wood to (21/4 hr.) Hasel.
Travell rs approaching trom the S. (as in the plan suggested at p. 386)
quit the Wehra-Thal at Todtmoos-Au and follow the highroad diverging
to the W. to the (V* M.) 'Neusage', where they turn to the right by the old
road. This brings them in 3/4 hr. to Gersbach {2810 ft. ; Krone, pens. 41/2-6 J[\
where they rejoin the highroad. Quitting the latter 2^/4 M. farther on,
they descend to the right l>y the old road visl RiecUchen to (3-3ys M) Aizen-
bach (p. 436). — Highroad from Gersbach to SchweigmaU (p. 426), 41/2 M.
AjjBTHAL. Another very interesting route is that from the
Feldherg to St. Blasien, and through the Albthal to the railway.
From the Feldherg down to {i^li hr.) Menzenschwand, see p. 418.
Henzenschwand consists of Hinter- Menzenschwand (4430 ft. ;
Hirsch) and Vorder- Menzenschwand (4255 ft. ; *Adler, with good
baths, R. 172"^? pens, from 5 Jiy It is well-sheltered and much
frequented in summer. Ascent of the Spiesshorn 11/2 ^^-t 0^ the
Feldherg 28/4 hrs.
Ahout 2 M. helow Vorder-Menzenschwand the Albthal road joins
that from the Wiesen-Thal.
The latter crosses the Alb and ascends through the Bemau. 11/4 M.
BernauKaiserhaus (3<i55ft.)^ 3/^ m. BernauRiygenbach (Adler), 51/2 M. from
St. Blasien. At (1 M ) Bemctu-Dorf (Lowe) a road diverges on the right
for Bemau-Hof. The Wiesenlhal road ascends to the W. to the mountain-
saddle of the Wacht (3105 ft. ; comp. p. 419), between the Oiesiboden (4100 ft. ^
to the K.) and the BlSuHng (4300 ft. j IV4 hr. to the S.). It then descends
the wooded valley of the Pr&gbach to the Hirsch Inn and Oeschtoend (p. ^6^
7 M. from Bemau-Dorf).
Walkers may cross the bridge of the Bernau road and descend to
the left on the right hank of the Alb. The road crosses from the
left to the right bank just before reaching St. Blasien (6 M. from
Vorder-Menzenschwand).
St. Blasien. — Hotels. '^'HdTEL & CtJRHACS St. Blasiek, with three
d^pendances and a well-fitted-up hydropathic (closed from Oct. to May);
*HiB8CH, R. IV2-3, D. 2J/2 J( also of the first cla«»s •, Krone, opposite the
churcii, with garden, pens 6-7 Jt very fair. — The St. Blasien Sanatorium
(Dr. Sander A Dr. Maier)^ close to the woods, well-equipped with baths,
shelters, and other conveniences, is frequented by consumptive patients all
the year round (B. 2'/2-7, board 51/2, or inclusive of medical treatment
7V2 Jt). — Pension Waldeck (from 6 Jl\ at the S. end of the village-, Pens.
KehrtPteder^ R. 2 4V2, board 4 »S; Pent. lAebler, at the N. end of the village,
very fair. — New Hospital^ at the S. end. — Numerous Private Apart-
ments. — Restaurant Felsenkeller. — Visitors" Tax (June I5th to Sept. 15th),
30 pf. per day, 2 J^ per week. 15 J^ for the season.
Diligence to and from (I8V2 M.) Titisee, twice daily in 4V4-4V2 hrs. ;
to and from (16 M.) Albbruck, twice daily in 3-4 hrs.; to and from
(14 M.) Waldshut., once daily in 4-4 V2 hrs. (see p. 433). — Carriage to
Albbruck or Waldshut 20 jH, Titisee 22 U(f, to Brennet through the Wehra-
Thal 25-30 Jl'y fee 10 per cent of the fare.
St. Blasien (2530 ft.), a village with 1700 inhab. , was once
celebrated for its wealthy and learned Benedictine abbey , founded
in the middle of the 10th cent, and secularised in 1805, and is now
frequently resorted to both in summer and winter, owing to its
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
430 Route 48, HOOHENSCHWAND. Black Fbrat.
healthy situation, which affords an agreeable mixtuie of mountain
and forest air, and is specially fayouiable to lung-diseases. The
possessions of the abbey extended over the whole of the S. part of
the Black Forest; in 1611 it attained the freedom of the Empire,
and in 1746 its abbot was raised to the dignity of a prince of the
Empire. The buildings are now used principally as a cotton-mill
(^600 hands). In the Our-Garten is a fountain, throwing a j»t nearly
150 ft. high.
The handsome Churchy built by Ixnard in 1768-80, after the
model of the Pantheon, was almost entirely burned down ill 1874,
but has been restored. The central dome is 165 ft. in diameter.
The upper part of the rectangular choir, originally intended for the
monks but now used for the general congregation, is decorated with
Ionic columns and galleries.
The paths in the neighbourhood are distinguished by marks, for
the purposes of the ^Terrain Cure' (p. 369). The Tusculum waterfall
(10 min.), the Qros8'Her%ogin-Lui8en-Ruhe (^/^ hr.), the Calvarien-
berg (3465 ft.), the Sandhodm (3270 ft.; view of the Alps), on
the slope of the Bdt%berg (3970 ft.), and the Uhenkopf (3410 ft.;
11/4 br.; view of the Alps from the tower) afford pleasant objects
for walks.
To S0HLUOH8KB (9 H.)) see p. 420; diligence, p. 419. The shorter route
by Blasiwald is indicated by a finger-post 4 min. below the Krone Jnn^ on
the left of the Albthal road.
To ToDTMOos (p. 438; 8 M., 3 hrs. on foot). The road leads from
St. Blasien by MuttertUhm and past the cross on the HOmUherg (3490 ft.),
finally descending rather steeply.
On the plateau, 41/2 M. to the S.E. of St. Blasien, lies Hoehen-
schwand (see below). This may be reached either by the highroad
vik (2 M.) Hdusem (2920 ft.; Adler; Deutscher Kaiser), or by the
footpath, which leads to the left into the wood (flnger-post *Wind-
bergfalle-Hausem') at the *Steinerne Kreuz', below St. Blasien.
This path rejoins the road above Hausern, but another path (*Wald-
weg') soon diverges to the right (II/2 hr. in all).
Hoohensohwand (3310 ft. ; *H6tel Curhaus, with baths, R. 1-3,
B. 3/4, D. 2V2, pens. 5-8 Jf ; Hirsch, Krone, unpretending), one
of the highest villages in Baden (300 inhab.), is now a popular
health-resort. Pleasant walks in the adjacent pine-forest. From
the roof of the hotel and from the Belvedtre, 5 min. from the village,
a magnificent ♦View (finest at sunrise and sunset) is enjoyed in
clear weather, comprising the Algau and Yorarlberg Mts., and the
entire chain of the Alps. The sunsets are often superb. Key of the
belvedere at the hotel.
The road from Hochenschwand to the Albthal, commanding views
of the Alps, leads via (IV4M.) Frohnachwand and (1 M.) Tiefen-
kduaem. At the chapel, Y4 M. farther on, we may either take the
steep footpath to Immeneich or proceed to (8/4 M.) Brunnadem
(2710 ft.) and (I'/i M.) Niedermuhle (p. 431).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
RHEINFELDEN 49. Route. 431
Fbom St. BLA8IBN TO Albbbuck, 16 M. (diligence, see p. 429).
— The road descends the valley of the Alb, between wooded heights.
274 M. Schmelset with abandoned iron -works; 274 M. Kutterau
(EngelJ. — 1 V2 M. Imrmneifh (2090 ft. ; Adier), with a new chapel.
About 11/4 M. farther on is the hamlet of NiedermiihU (2005 ft. ;
Sonne), where the Hochenschwand road joins ours (p. 480).
From this point downwards the * Albthal becomes narrower and
wilder. The road passes between perpendicular rocks, high above
the impetuous bdook, and affords occasional views of the grand and
rocky ravine. The most imposing part of the route is beyond Tie fen-
atein (Post, on the road, near the bridge), situated on the right bank,
about 5 M. below Niedermiihle. Beyond Tiefenstein Ave tunnels
follow each other in rapid succession. A footpath, carried through
the ravine by galleries, is to be constructed. About 2 M. farther on
we pass the Hdtel %um HohenfeU (very fair), charmingly situated
high above the river and surrounded with grounds (fine view of
the Albthal). Near (2 M.) Albbrudc (p. 432), on the Bale-Waldshut
Railway, the valley opens into that of the Rhine.
49. From B&le to Constance vi& SchafFhansen.
Camp. Mapi p, 418.
90 M. Railway in 4V2-6 hrs. (fares 11 UIT 60, 7 UIT 75 pf., 5 Jt). Views
on the right.
BdU, see p. 386. The line, from which the 'Strategic Railway'
(p. 427) diverges to the left outside the town, traverses the fertile
plain of the Rhine, here flowing in a channel of considerable depth.
33/4 M. Orenzae\ where excellent *Markgrafler' (p. 386) is produced.
5 M. Wyhlenf 71/2 M. Herthen. The line now approaches the Rhine,
which dashes impetuously over rocks and stones, forming the Hdlleri'
haken and other rapids. The opposite Swiss bank is precipitous and
wooded.
91/2 M. Badi$ch'Rheinfelden (♦Bellevue, with salt-baths, R. from
174) pens, from 4^/2 Jf\ Railway Hotel; Railway Restaurant, ver>
fair), with important electric works and aluminium factories. —
On the opposite bank lies the Svtriss town of Bheinfelden (865 ft. ;
*Orand'Hdtel dea Salines^ 1/4 M. above the town, pens. 8-12 fr. ;
^Dietschy, pens. 6-8 fr., with terrace on the Rhine ; 8ehut*en; Drei-
konig; Engel; Sehi/f, all with salt-baths), with 3000inhab., which
was in ancient times strongly fortified and repeatedly besieged.
Since 1801 it has belonged to Switzerland.
To the right of (12 M.) Beuggen (910 ft.) is a former lodge of
the Teutonic Order, used since 1817 as a seminary for teachers and
reformatory for children. — 15 M. Nieder-Sckworstadt, — 17 M.
Brennet (p. 428>
20 M. 8&ekiiigen (960 ft.; Lowe or Bad-Hdtel, R. IV4-I72,
B. 34, D. 2, pens. 4.41/2 UT; Schutze, R. 1V2'2, B^U- D. 2 uT,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
432 Route 49. WALDSHUT. From B6le
with baths; O'otdener Knopf y with a terrace on the Rhine; beer at
the Schwarze Wallfisek), a silk-manufacturing and timber-trading
town with 4050 inhabitants. Near the station is a tasteful War
Monument by A. W. Menges. The old Abbey Churchy with its two
towers, rebuilt in 1726, contains the remains of St. Fridolin, the
apostle of this district (6th cent.). Over the portal of the church are
statues of the saint and of Count Urso of Glarus whom he had
restored to life. To the left, on the exterior chapel, is the tomb-
stone of Werner Kirchhofer (d. 1690) and his wife Maria Ursula of
Schonauw (d. 1691), which formerly stood behind the chateau-
garden and suggested the composition of Scheffel's 'Trompeter von
Sackingen'. The abbey, subsequently a nunnery, was secularised in
1801. In the market-place is a monument to Scheffel, by Menges.
The chateau of Schonau on the Rhine is now the property of Princess
Isenburg-BQdingen. To the right of the entrance to the covered
bridge (fine view of the castle) is the house in which Scheffel lived.
— Excursion to the (1^2 M.) Schwarzsee or Scheffelseey to the N.
of the station, on the road to Herrischried (see below). — Line to
Sckopfheim and Lorrachy etc., see pp. 428, 427.
To the left of the railway stands the church of Ober-Sackingen,
— 24M. Murg(i02bft,'y Zum Murgthal), situated at the mouth of
the Murg, in the picturesque valley of which a road ascends to
(6^4 M.) Hottingen (Sonne); on a hill to the left rises the Harpo-
Unger Schloss, Beyond Hottingen the road leads to (3 M.) Herriich^
ried and (7V2 M. farther) Todtmoos (p. 428).
Opposite (25 V2 M.) Laufenburg (Post, unpretending but well
spoken of, R. 1-1 V2) pens. 4-5 Jf) is the Swiss town of Laufenburg
(Rheinsoolbady with salt-baths and a terrace on the river, R. 1-2,
pens. 5-6 fr. ; Adler; beer at the Pfau, with view), picturesquely
placed on the left bank, with its ancient castle, below which the
Rhine dashes impetuously over its narrow and rocky bed. These
rapids have more than once been successfully navigated, but the
experiment is of course extremely perilous.
The eighth Lord Montagu, the last of his family, perished here in 1783,
and by a singular coincidence his ancestral mansion of Cowdray House
in Sussex was burned down almost on the same day, and has never
been rebuilt. Below the cataract, salmon are caught in considerable num-
bers. Down to 18(^ Elein-Laufenbnrg and Gross -Laufenburg formed a
single Austrian town, but the former now belongs to Baden, the latter to
Switzerland. 'View of Gross-Laufenburg from the Schlossberg.
The line passes through a tunnel, and beyond (28^2 M.) Albert"
Hauenstein crosses a lofty viaduct.
30 M. Albbruck (1060 ft. ; Zum Albthaly R. 11/2-3, D. IS/^-S Jf,
very fair), with a large pulp- mill > at the mouth of the Albthal
(p. 431). — 31 V2 M. Dogern,
35 M. Waldshut (^Railway Hotel, R. 1V2-2V2» !>• 2» pe»8- ^«>m
4V2 Jf; Blumcy at the beginning of the town, R. IV2-2V2, D. 1%
pens, from 41/2 J^; Rebstocky Haupt-Str. 83, with a terrace on the
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
to Constanze. THIENGEN. 49, Bouit. 483
Bhine, R. lV2-2j pe^s. from 41/2 Jf, lt>oth with baths and garden;
BheinUcher Hof)y a quaint old town with 3600 inhab. and many
industries, lies at a considerable height above the right bank of the
river. Diligence to St. Blasien (p. 429). Railway to Turgi (Ziirieh}
and Winterthur, gee Baedekers Switzerland,
Fbom Waldshut to Imkbndinqbn, 46ys M., railway (a section of
the strategic line mentioned at p. 427) in V/a-^/a hrs. — 31/2 M. TMengen;
6 M. Oberlauehringen, see below. Diverging to the left from the Rhine
valley, the line ascends. 8 M. Horheim; IOV2M. Ofteringen; 20 M. Unter-
eggmgen; 14 M. Eberjingen.^nw.. Stiihlingen (1490 ft. ; Hirsch, fairj Adlei%
an old town, commanded by the castle of ffohenlup/en (extensive view).
Pleasant excarsions to Schleiiheim, near which excavations in an ancient
Boman camp have brought to light a number of interesting antiquities ^
to Unterhallau, etc. — I2V2 M. Weizen (diligence to Bonndorf, p. 416).
The valley contracts. The line passes under the ruin of Blumegg by a
spiral tunnel 1300 yds. in length, and crosses the Wutach by a lofty
bridge. 23V2 M. QrimmeUhofen. Beyond a short tunnel, the line enters
the spiral Btoehhalden- Kehr-Twmel^ 1860 yds. in length, by which it ascends
in corkscrew fanhion. From the station of (26V2 M ) FUtten (1930 ft.) we
enjoy an interesting survey of the line just traversed. Several viaducts are
passed, high above the Wutach valley. 15 M. Bpfenhofen. The line
reaches its culminating point at (841/2 H.) ZoUhcmt-Bhrnberg (2300 ft.) and
descends past RiedStchingen^ Leip/erdingeUy Aulfingm^ Kirehefi'Scnuen, and
BinUehingen to (46Vs M.) Immendingen (p. 406).
Quitting Waldshut, the train passes through a tunnel, and skirts
the hills to the left. The Schlucht is crossed.
38 M. Thiengen (1140 ft. ; Krone ; Ochs, R. 1 V2-2, pens. 5-7 JT),
jan industrial town with 2300 inhabitants.
A road from Thiengen up the *Sohliicht-Thal (diligence to Schluchsee
via Birkendorf once daily in 5»/4 hrs.) ofTers a very interesting walk for
part of the way. At (2 H.) the Bruckhaut Inn (1310 ft ; pens. 4-5 J( ; baths)
a covered bridge crosses the ravine; 1/2 M. farther on a path descends to
the left to the Haselbcich Waterfall, V4 M. beyond which is the Outtenburg
saw-mill, at the foot of a rock (1460 f^.) crowned with a small ruined
castle. About 2V4 M. farther on is the Witznauer Milhle (1430 ft. ; inn),
at the junction of the Schliicht-Thal and Bchwarta-ThtA. From this point
the Schlttcht-Thal vies in picturesque beauty with the Wehra-Thal and the
Albthal. On each side are lofty and partly-wooded rocks. At one place
the stream occupies the whole width of the valley, so that at its junction
with the Mettma a passage for the new road had to be hewn through the
rocks. — Farther on the valley again expands. — 91/2 M. (from Thiengen)
Uehlingen (2120 ft. ; Posthom, very fair). — 12 H. Birkendorf (2580 ft. ; Hirseh ^
Post). — 15 H. Qraftnhausen (2940 ft. ; Hirseh). — I6V2 H. Rothhau* (3190 ft. \
inn). — I8V2 M. Schluchsee, see p. 419.
411/4 M. Oherlauchringen, on the Wutach (* Strategic Line' to
Immendingen^ see above). The train crosses the Wutach. The ruined
castle oi Kussenherg^ on a wooded eminence to the right, is now
passed. — 45 M. OriesBen, Beyond (48 M.) Erzingen the train enters
Swiss territory. 49 M. Wilchingen (customs examination); 50 M.
Neunkirch ; 55 M. Beringen. — 57V2 M. Neuhauaen (1445 ft.), with
large aluminium and waggon works, is the * Baden' station for the
Falls of the Rhine ; there is a station of the same name on the Swiss
railway, to the E. of the village below.
HenhaoBen (1448 ft.). — Hotels. *Sohwkizbbhof, R. 4^, B. li/s,
D. 5, pens, from 10 fr., with large garden and beautiful views of the falls
^nd the Alps (gratuities forbidden); *Bbllbvub, E. 8-6, B. IV4, D. 4 fr., witti
Ba»dbkbk*s Rhine. 15th Edit. ^^OOqIc
434 Route 49. FALLS OF THE RHINE. . From BdU
similar view. — In tbe village of Keohausen: HdrtL-PsHBioN Germahia,
B. 2V2-3, B. IV4, D. 8Vs> pens. 6-8 tt. ; HdTBx. Obiirbbbo, also with view,
B. 2-21/3 fr. ; HdTEL Rheinfall, B. 2-3 fr. : Hot. Bahnhof, near the Swiss
station. — Engli*h Chmrch in the 'Schweiserhof grounds. — Abont lVs-2 hrs.
are sufftcient for a visit to the falls. In sommer the falls are illuminated
every evening with electric light, for which a charge of '/i-i fr. is made
in each bill.
Eledrie RaOwaif to Schaffhansen (see below).
The *Falli of fhe Bhine^ one of the finest cascades in Europe,
locally called the ^Laufen*, descend in three leaps over a ledge of
rock of unequal height. The breadth of the river above the falls is
about 126 yds. The height of the unbroken fall is 62 ft. near tbe
left bank and 49 ft. by the right. If the rapids above and below
are taken into consideration the whole fall is nearly 100 ft. high.
The river is largest in June and July, owing to the melting of the
snow.
From Neuhansen Station of the Baden Railway we follow tbe
road to the left, and after a few paces descend by a path to the
right to the village of Ntuhamen. At tbe H6tel Rbeinfall we de-
scend to tbe right by a finger-post, and after 100 paces take tbe
shady path to the left, passing the Waggon Factory^ to the (Y4 hr.)
RheinfaU'Brucke , which carries the Swiss 'Nordostbahn' over the
Rhine to the left bank. On the left bank a path ascends in 5 min.
to the 8chlo88 Laufen, picturesquely situated on a wooded rock above
the falls ; the garden (adm. 1 fr.) affords the best points of view :
viz. the PavilioUj the Kdnzlij and in particular the Fischetz, a gal-
lery projecting almost into the roaring cataract. From the lower
entrance to the Schloss-Garten we ferry across (50 c. each) to the
Schlosschen Worth (inn), on an island commanding another fine view
of the falls. A boat to the central rock in the falls , which may be
ascended without danger, costs 3 fr. for 1 or 2 persons. — From
the Schlosschen Worth we may either return to the station direct, or
follow the path ascending on the right bank (benches at intervals),
passing an Aluminium Factory (left), to the road, when we descend
slightly to the right to a stone parapet, affording another good survey
of the falls. Gomp. Baedekers Switzerland,
58V2^* S<)l^<L^^^UI®n* — Hotels. ^BoTBi. Mdllbr, opposite the
station, B. 2Vs-4, B. 11/4, I>. SVz fr. s ^Sohwan, near the station, B. 1, B. 2-3,
D. 2V2fr.i ''H6TEL National, B. 2-3, B. 1, D. IVz-S fr.; Biese; Boff;
BAHNHOFS-HdTEL , and others, with similar prices. — J^ver Bath* above
the town, open for men 6-1 and 5-8.
Electric Raikoay from the Bahnhof-Platz to Neuhausen (see above) in
20 min. (20 c).
Schaffhausen (1295 ft.), a picturesque old town with 15,300 in-
hab., on the right bank of the Rhine, the capital of the Swiss canton
of the same name, was formerly a free imperial city, and still re-
tains many of its ancient characteristics, ^he early-Romanesque
Munatery a basilica supported by columns, was built in 1052-1101,
and has lately been restored. The massive tower of Munot dates
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to Constance, RAPOLFZELL. 49. Route, 435
from 1664-90 (view from the top). The Fdaenstaub Promenade
affords a beautiful view of the Rhine and the Alps.
62 M. Herblingen; 65 M. Thayingen. The train now re-enters
Baden. 68 M. Oottmadingen. — 72 M. Singen (1406 ft.; Krone,
1/2 M. from the station, R. IVi-^, I>. 2Jfj unpretending but good;
Ekkehard, R. IV4-I V2» B. ^U, D. iy^2jf; Adler, nearest the station,
plain ; Railway Restaurant), on the Ache, is the junction of the Black
Forest Railway (R. 48 f) and of the Upper Neckar line (see Baedekers
Southern Germany'). Luggage examined here.
Tbe mined fortress of *Hohentwiel (22^ ft.), an ^enclave' of Wartem-
berg within the jSavarian dominions, which was bravely and successfully
defended by the Wurtemberg commandant Wiederhold in the Thirty Years*
War, lies 3i/i M. from the station. Turning to the right i/f M. beyond the
Krone Hotel, we pass (20 min.) the Hobentwiel Inn (clean), and in about
another 1/4 hr. reach the entrance to the fortress (adm. 20 pf.). The castle,
destroyed by the French in 18(X), is situated on a isolated basaltic rock,
commanding a fine prospect of the Tyrolese and Swiss Alps as Car as
Hont Blanc.
751/2 M. Rickelshausen, — 77V2 M. BadolfieU (1306 ft. ; ScUff,
R. 1V2-2V2> ^' 2 M; Krone, plainer), an ancient town of 4160 in-
hab., with walls and gates, is situated on the Untersee, The Gothic
church, dating from 1436, contains the tomb of St. Radolf and a fine
reliquary (left side-altar), dating substantially from the 9th century.
At the Villa Seehalde is a monument to its former owner, the poet
Victor von SchefiFel (d. 1886). Radolfzell is the junction of the line
to Mengen (Sigmaringen) and Ulm (see Baedelcers Southern Qer-
many),
78 M. Markelfingen; 82 M. AUensbach; 84 M. Hegne. — 86 M.
Reichenau, the station for the island of that name, which is con-
nected with the mainland by a long causeway (1 M.) and has for
some time been visible to the right.
The island of Beichenau, belonging to Baden, is 3 M. long and 1 M.
wide. It was formerly the seat of a famous Benedictine Abbey, founded in
724 and suppressed in 1799. It may be visited by the causeway (see above),
by row-boat from Hegne or AUensbach , or by the Constance steamer. —
Approaching from the causeway, we pass the ruined tower of Schdpfeln, the .
abbot's residence, and reach Oberzell, a hamlet with a Romanesque church
of the 9-lOth cent., containing the oldest extant church-frescoes in Ger-
many (iOth cent.). — In the middle of the island lies its largest village
(1000 inhabj). MitieUell or Milntter (Mohr^ Bar), the churc^i of which, con-
secrated in 806 and dating in its present form from the ll-12th cent, (choir,
late-Gothic, 1448-1651), was the church of the above-mentioned abbey.
Oharles the Fat, great-grandson of Charlemagne, who was dethroned in
887, was interred in this church. The sacristy contains some fine reli-
?uarie8. A fine view is obtained fr^m the W. tower of the KOnigaegg, a
6th cent, chateau, recently restored. — The church of Dhterzell^ at the
N.W. end of the island, is another columned basilica of the 9-12th centuries.
In the apse are some frescoes of the 11th cent., discovered in 1900. —
Fine view from the belvedere on the FriedrichehOhe (key kept at the
Mohr inn at Mittelzell).
The train crosses the Rhine by an iron bridge and stops at —
90 M. Conitance. — Hotels. *Insel HStbl, in the old Dominican
monastery, with a restaurant and garden, and view of the lake, B. 3-6,
B. 1V4» D. 4, 8. 3Vj» pens, from 8 Jf ; *H6tel Halm, opposite the station,
28*
436 Route 49^ CONSTANCE.
B. from 2>/i, B. 1, D. 8 •#; Hsobt, to the K. of the staiioii, Tery f»ir,
R. 2-8, B. 1, D. 8 •#; *SchO«bbsok, opposite the ftfttioii, with reataurant,
B. 21/34, B. 1, D. 2-3. pens 6>/t-7ysUl; Badischxs Hof; Eeoks, very fair,
SCHNXTZKR, both In the market-place. — English Chur^ Service in summer.
— BaOu in the lake, well fitted up (bath 40 pt, ferry 10 pf.).
CoMtanee (1335 ft.), with 21,860 Inhab., a free town of the
Empire down to 1548, lies at the N.W. end of the Lake of Con-
»tanoe, at the efflux of the Rhine. The episcopal tee, founded in 781,
and held by 87 bishops in sncoession, was made an archbishopric
and removed to Freiburg in 1827.
The *CATHBimAL, founded in 1052, originally a cruciform
Romanesque edifice, was rebuilt in its present form In 1435 and 1680.
The Gothic tower (250 ft. high), designed by Hfibsch, was erected
in 1850-57; the open spire, with a platform on each side, commands
an excellent survey of the town and lake (mountain-indicator at the
top; adm. 20 pf .).
The Stadt-Kanzlei or town- hall, erected in 1593 in the
Renaissance style, and embellished in 1864 on the facade with fres-
coes by F. Wagner y relating to the history of ConMiance, contains the
Municipal Archives in the lower rooms (2800 charters, chiefly from
the Reformation period). Handsome inner court
The RosGAKTBN, the old guildhouse of the butchers, contains the
*Ro8garien Museum of lacustrine remains, antiquities of Constance,
and natural history specimens (open free on Wed., 2-5, and Suu.,
10.30-12; at other times 50 pf.).
The Kaufhaus, on the lake, erected in 1388, contains the large
hall, 52 yds. long, 35 yds. wide, and borne by ten massive oaken
pillars, where the conclave of cardinals met at the time of the Great
Council (1414-18). The hall has been restored and was adorned in
1875-85 with frescoes by Pecht and Sekworer from the history of
the town (adm. 20 pf.).
Other objects of interest are the Wesseriberg-Haus (with artistic
collections), the late-Gothic church of 8t. Stephen, and the points
associated with the martyrs John Huss and Jerome of Prague.
A pleasant excursion may be made to the island of Mainau
(1 Y2 lir.), formerly the seat of a commandery of the Teutonic Order
and now a summer-residence of the Grand-Duke of Baden. For fuller
details, see Baedeker's Southern Oermany or Baedeker's Switzerland,
y Google
INDEX.
Aachen 3.
Abenden 16.
Achem 974.
Achert 385.
Achksrren 8T7.
Adamsweiler 316.
Adenau 102.
Adolpbseck 144.
Adolphshohe 153.
Aeule 418. 419.
Affeiithal 874.
Aftersteg 413. 426.
Aglaaterhausen 275.
Aha41&
Ahr, the 73. 99. 20d.
— , Valley of the 97.
Ahrweiler 99.
Ahtttte 204.
Aiteni 424.
Alz-U-GhapeUe 8.
Albbruck 431. 432.
Albersehweller 818.
Albersweiler 299.
Albersbach 416.
Albert-Hanenstein 4%.
Albig286.
Albisheim 286.
Albshausen 22Q.
Albshelm 286. 287.
Albthal 431.
Aldegund 195.
Aldekerk 57.
Aldenhoven 15.
Alexandenchanze 397.
899.
Alf 195.
— , the 196. 196.
Alfelden 851.
Aiken 192.
AUensbach 435.
AUerheiUgen 996.
AUerheiligen-Berg 113.
Allner, castle 66.
Alpirsbach 406.
Alsbach 265.
AlBbacher Schloss 255.
Alsenz 170.
Alsheim 280.
Alflpach 343.
Altaratein, the 269.
Alt-Breisach 384.
Alt-Bbenteln 373.
Alteckendorf 816.
Alte Burg 117.
Alte Eck, the 409.
Alte Mann, the 422.
Altenahr idO.
Altenbach 349.
Altenbamberg 169. 170.
Altenbaumburg, the 169.
Altenberg (near BergUch'
Gladbacb) 62.
— (on the Lahn) 290.
— (Alsace) 346.
Altenburg (Ahr) 101.
— , the (MoaeUe) 191.
Altendorf 63.
Altenglan 294.
Altenhalner-Thal 248.
Altenhelm 375.
Altenklrchen 219.
Altenatein 148.
Altersbacher-Thal 411.
Altglaahiitte 419. 418.
Althornberg 403.
Alth&tte m
Altkirch 825.
Altkonlg^ the 247.
Altlasshelm 276.
Alt-Miinsterol 326.
Altrlch 198.
Altschweier 389.
Alt-Urach. rain 419.
Altweler 840.
AU-WeUnau 349.
Altwled 77.
Alt-Windeck 374. 8?9.
Alzey 285.
Amanweiler 177. 178.
Ameln 16.
Ammerschweier 341.
AmOneberg 136.
Amorbach 263.
Ampfersbach 346.
Am Tharm 401.
Andel 201
Andemach 76. 78.
Andlau 334.
Anebos, rain 300.
Angenbach-Thal, the426.
Annaberg 872.
Annathal 83.
Annweiler 299.
Anrath 63.
Ans 3.
Anspach 246.
Antogast 308.
Antoniusstein, ruin 104.
Antweiler IQl.
Apollinarisbrannen 97.
Apollinariskirche 72.
, >kppenhofen 390.
Appenweier 376.
Ardeck 145.
Aremberg iOl.
Arenberg 112.
Arenfela 78. 78. 88.
Argenachwanf 166.
Ariendorf 78. 88.
Arienheller 74.
Armsheim 2ti5..
Amhem 1^
Amstein, monast. 217,
Arras, Burg 196.
Ars-sur-lIoseUe 179.
Arzweiler Tunnel 317.
Asbach 276.
Asbacher-Thal 96.
Aspach 361.
Asselheim 287.
A88mannshau8enl27. 141
Asterstein, the 112.
Attenbach 66.
Atzeqbach 436.
Au (Murgthal) 392.
— (Siegthal) 66. 319.
— (Todtmoof) 428.
Aubure 840.
Auburg 306.
AueSM.
Auerbach 266.
Auggen 886.
Augusta-HShe, the 114.
Aulfingen 483.
Aulhausen 188.
Aumenau 220l
Auringen-Medenbach
249.
Auw 207.
Avolsheim 828.
Avricourt 318.
Baal 60.
Babenhaosen 262.
Bacharach 134. 139.
Baden 863. Ie
438
INDEX.
Badener Hohe, the 39a
Badenweiler 430.
Baderlei, the 216.
Bahlingen 377.
Baiersbronn 994.
Baldeneltz, castle 193.
Baldenweger Hiitte 417.
Balduinstein 218.
Bale 3b8.
Balkhaasen 257. 259.
Ballon d' Alsace 352.
— de Servance 353.
— de SooltB 849.
Ballrechten 886.
Bammenthal 275.
Ban de la Hoche 330.
BannStein 315.
Banzenheim 825.
Barbelroth 291.
Barbelstein 801.
Barenfels 389. 428.
BSrenhutte 840.
Baren-Thal, the 417.
Barhalde, the 417.
Barl, the 196.
Barmen 63.
Barr 332.
Bartenheiin 826.
Bameiler 204.
Basel 386.
Basse Grange 343.
Bastberg, the 316.
Battert, the 8B9.
Baadrecourt 818.
Bansenberg. the 104.
Bayenthal. 68.
Bayerfeld 170.
Becheln 115.
Beckingen 180.
Bedburg 15.
Beedenkirchen 259.
Beerfelden 264.
Beiertheim 861.
Beilstein 194.
Belchen, the 425.
—, Grosse 349.
— , Kleine 846.
— , Snlzer 3^.
— , Welsche 362.
Belfort 825.
Bell 105.
Bellheim 298.
Bellingen 386.
Bendorf 77. 84.
Benfeld 321.
Bengel 197.
Beningen 174. 316.
Bennweier 881.
Benrath 25
Bensberg 26.
Bensdorf 316. 318.
Bensheim 266.
Benzebene, the 408.
Berchem 190.
Berg 298.
Bergen 262.
Berghausen 298. 358.
Bergheim 16.
Bergisch-Gladbach 26,
Berg-Nasfau 217.
Bergstein 16.
— , the 289.
Bergstrasse, the 256.
Bergzabem 291.
Beringen 438.
Bermeringen 318.
Bermersbach 393.
Bermont 842.
Bernau 429.
Bembach 861.
Bemcastel 200.
Berncck, the 408.
Bernstein, ruin 888.
Berthelmingen 318.
Bertrich 196.
Besenfeld 898.
Besselich 77.
Bessangen 255.
Bettembourg 190.
Bettenfeld 211.
Betzdorf 66.
Beuel 66. 81. 90.
Beuerner-Thal 370.
Beuggen 431.
Beul 98.
Beurig 181.
Bewingen 204.
Bexbach 295.
Biberach 400.
Biblis 250. 254.
Bibli^heim 298.
Bickenbach 256.
Biebermiihle 300.
Biebemheim 120.
Biebesheim 250.
Biebrich 136. 143. 153.
Biewer 198.
Bildstock Tunneljthe 173,
BUligheim 290.
Bilstein 330. 340.
Binau 275.
Bingen 128. 139.
BingerbriLck 130. 139.
Binger Loch, the 127.
Bingert 154. 169.
Binsenwasen, the 372.
Birkenau 261.
Birkendorf 433.
Birkenfeid (Nahe) 172.
— (Pforzheim) 358.
Birkenkopf, the 369.
Blrkweiler 299.
Birlenbach 318.
Birresbom 205.
Birten 68.
Bischheim 299.
BischoCsheim (Alsace)
832.
— (Hesse) 240. 251.
Bischofstein 192.
Bischweiler 293.
Biflten 416.
Bitburg 206.
Bitsch 316.
Bitschweiler 850.
Black Forest, the 386.
Blanc Bupt 843.
Blankenberg 66.
Blankenheim 208.
Blasiwald 420.
Blauen, the 428.
Bleckhaasen 210.
Bleialf 206.
Bleibach 412.
Bleidenstadt 143.
Blens 15.
Bleyberg 1. 3.
Blochereck. the 396.
Bloss, the 838.
Blosaiing, the 428. 429.
Blucher-Thal, the 124.
Blumberg 439.
Blumegg 433.
Blnmenthal 203.
Bobenheim 280.
Bockelheim, ruins 170.
Bockenheim (Alsace) 318L
~ (Frankfort) 68. 241.
— (Palatinate) 286.
Bodendorf 97.
Bodenheim 279.
Bodenstein, the 2^.
Bodingen, monast.*66.
Boes 192.
Bogel 121.
Bohl 288.
Bohrerbach 884.
BoU 416.
BoUen-Thal, the 426.
BoUweiler 834.
Bonames 68. 339.
Bondorf 82.
Bonhomme, Le 343. *
Bonn 84. 69. 80.
Bonndorf 416.
Boosenburg, the 131.
Boppard 116. 139.
Borcette 12.
Bomhof^n 118. 141.
Borrstadt 286.
Borskritt 400.
Bos, the 143.
Botzberg, the 480.
Botzingen 377.
Bourg-Bruche 330.
Bons 174. 180.
Boxtel 19.
Brand 13. ,
Brandau j^|^g[e
INDEX.
439
Brandenberg 418.
Braubach 116. 141.
Braunberg, the 898.
Braunchesberg, the 144.
Brauneberg, the 201.
^Brauufels 220.
Braunsberger Hof 77.
Brauweiler 16.
Brebach 315.
Breiberg, the 96. 97.
Breidscheid 103.
Breisach 384.
Breisgau, the 378.
Breitenbach 836. 846.
BreitenbrunaeA 390.
Breitnau 414.
Bremerhof 286.
Bremm 196.
Brend, the 409.
Brenden 420.
Break 104.
Brennet 428.
Bressoir, the 337.
Bretzenheim 166.
Breaberg, ruin 263.
Brexbach-Thal 83.
Br^souard, the 837. 340.
Briedel 199.
Briedern 194.
Brienen 69.
Brigach, the 404.
Brigittenschloss 376.
Brodenbacb 192.
Broel, the 64.
Brohl 74. 78. 103.
Brohlbach, the 108. 74.
Brohlthal, the 108.
Brombaeh 427.
Bromberg, the 384.
Bromserburg, the 181.
Brothers, the 118.
Brotzingen 353.
Bruchhaasen 861.
Bruchmuhibach 294.
Bruchsal 852.
Bruchweiler 301.
Briick 101.
Briihl 80.
Bnimath 816.
Brunnadem 430.
Brunnenburg 217.
Briiscbbftckel 837.
Brussels 1.
Bruttig 194.
Bubenhauser Hohe 142.
B&bingen, chftt. 189.
Bnchborn 347.
Buchenbach 418.
Buchenbriicken 68.
Bnchenloch 204.
Buchholz (Elzthal) 411.
— (Manderscheid) 210.
— (near Braubach) 118.
Buchholz (Sieg) 66.
Bnchkopf 889.
Bachsweiler 316.
Budenheim 140 165.
Biiderich 68. 19.
Btideaheim 130. 186.
Buggingen 385.
Biihl (near Baden) 374.
— (near Oebweiler) 848.
Buhlbach 394.
Biihler-Thal 389.
Bnir 16.
Bolach 361.
Bollay 195.
Bunte Kuh, the 99.
Barbach (near Betodorf)
66.
— (Saarbnicken) 180.
Bnrg (Black Forest) 413.
— (MoseUe) 199.
— (Wupper) 63.
Bnrgberg 16.
Burgbrohl 103.
Biirgeln 428.
Burgen 192.
Barg-Schwalbach 144.
Burgsolms 220.
Burg Sponheim 169.
Burkheim 877.
Bornhaapt 351.
Biirresheim 207.
Burscheid 63.
Biirscheid 198.
Burstadt 250. 267.
Bdrstenstein 396.
Burtscheid 12.
Buschfeld 180.
Basenbach 383.
Busenbers 301.
Bnssang 360.
— , Col de 350.
Biitgenbach 13.
Biittenstein Fall8,the 396
Butzbach 67.
Ceecilienberg, the 370.
Galcar 69.
Galcum 20.
Gall 203.
Calmbach 353.
Galmond, the 194.
Gamberg 249.
Gamp 118. 141.
Camphausen 178.
Capellen 113. 16. 139.
Garden 198.
Garliberg 294.
Oarlshalie 168.
Garlshohe 18.
Garlsruhe 864.
Gasel 302.
Casselburg, the 201.
Casselsrohe, the 90.
Gastel (Uayence) 241.
— (Saarburg) 181.
GagteUann 118.
Gat, the, ruin 120.
Gattenes 192.
Gaub 128. 141.
Gemay 849.
Ghamp du Feu 335.
Chatel-S(>6erinain 177.
Ohatenois 836.
Ghatte Pendue, the 329.
Ghaudfontaine 3.
Ghausseehaus 143.
GhSn^e 3.
Ghristophsthal 394.
Glarenthal 153.
Clausen 301.
Clef, the 181.
Clemens-Oapelle, the 126.
Cleve 58.
Glimont, the 830.
Glotten 193.
Clusserath 202.
Gobem 191.
Goblenz 106.
Gochem 198.
G611n 170.
Colmar 321.
Cologne 26.
Altenmarkt 47.
Apostles^ Church 49.
Aquarium 65.
Archiepisc. Palace 61.
Arsenal 50.
Art EzhibiUona 29.
Baths 29.
Bayenthurm 52.
Botanical Garden 55.27.
Bottmiihle 52.
Breite Strasse 49.
Bridge-of-Boats 47.
Carnival 28.
Cathedral 32.
Cemetery 56.
Christuskirche 53.
City Library 61.
CoUeoliOBf 29.
Commercial High
School 64.
Concerts 28.
Eau de Cologne 29.
Eigelstein-Thor 64.
Flora Garden 65. 27.
Fountains 38. 43. 47.
Ck>vemment 50.
Gross-8t-Martin 47.
Giirzenich, the 44. 28.
Hahnenthor 63.
Hansa-Platz 68.
Harbour 47.
fierz-Jesu-Kirehe 63.
Heumarkt 46.
Hohe Strasse 42.
440
INDEX.
Cologne:
Hospitals 48.
Iron Bridge 17.
Jesuits' Church 61.
Joesfs Collection 6%
Kurfdrsten-Oarten 27.
Law Courts 49.
Market 47.
Mauritius Church 49.
Minorites* Church 42.
Museum, Archiepiseo-
pal 39.
— , Historical 53.
— . Walh-af-BichartE
39.
— of Industrial Art 63.
— of Katural Hiftory
47.
Neumarkt 49.
Pfaffenthor 45.
Post Office 52. 29.
Bace Course 55.
Railway Stations 26.38.
Rathhaus 43.
— Chapel 44.
Beichsbank 62.
Bing-Strasse 58. 58. 64.
Bomergang 43.
Bomer-Park 53.
Bomerthurm 60.
Bubens's House 48.
St. Agnes 62.
— Andreas 62.
— Cecilia 48.
— Columba 48.
— Cunibert 62.
— George 48.
— Ctereon 60.
— Maria im Capitol 45.
in Lyskirchen 47.
-r. Martin 47.
— Pantaleon 48.
— Peter 48.
— Severin 43.
— Ursula 61.
Severins-Thor 52.
Sport-Plats 66.
Stadt-Oarten 68. 27.
Stadtwald 55.
Statue of Fred. Will.
in. 46.
Fred.Will.IV.48.
WUliam I. 48. 53.
Bismarck 42.
Moltke43.
Worth 47.
Steamboats 26. 29.
Synagogue 48. 58.
Technical College 53
Templars* Lodge 46.
Theatres 28. 48. 53.
Tramways 28.
Trinity Church 46.
Cologne:
Ulre Monument 63.
— Pforte 68.
Volksgarten 63. 27.
Wolkenburg, the 48.
Zoolog. Oarden 64. 27.
Colombey 179.
Cond 194.
Conder-Thal 110.
Constance 4S6.
Cons 181.
Consen 13.
Cordel 207.
Comelimunster 13.
Corray 198.
Cortchenbro&eh 61.
Cottenheim 207.
Courcelles-snr-Nied 174.
Cranenburg 69.
Crefeld 66.
Croff 200.
Cronberg 245.
Cronenberg 65.
Cronthal 248.
Cues 201.
Curve 142. 241.
Oaaven-See, the 344.
Dachsenbausen 116.
Dachskopf, the 115.
Dagsburg, the (near Bgis-
heim) 323.
— (near Zabem) 820.
Dahn 301.
Dalberg 169.
Dambach 833.
Dammerkirch 826.
Dannenfels 286.
Danube, the 406.
Darmstadt 261.
Darscheid 206.
Dattenberg 73.
Dauchstein, ruin 276.
Daun 208. •
Dauner Maare, the 209.
Dausenau 216.
Dehm, castle 220.
Deidesheim 288.
Dellbr«lck 25.
Densborn 206.
Denzlingen 877.
Derkum 20S.
Demau 99.
Dettenbach 411.
DettweUer 316.
Detzem 202.
Deurenbui^, ruin 119.
Deutsch-Ayricourt 318.
Deutsch-Rumbach 337.
Deutz 65. 62. 66.
Devant-les-Ponts 190.
DevU's Ladder 126.
Dhaun 171.
DiebUch 191.
Diedenbergen 241.
Diedenhofen 190.
Diedesfeld 289.
Diedesheim 276.
Diedolshausen 842. %
Diefenbach 292.
Diekirch 169.
Dielkirchen 170.
Diemerin^en 316.
Diemerstein 293.
Dierdorf 219.
Dieringhausen 66.
Dietkirchen 219.
Dietz 218.
Dillenburg 66.
DUlingen 180.
Dilsberg, castle 274.
Dinglingen 376.
Dinkelberg 427.
Dinkholder Brunnen 116.
Dinslaken 19.
Disibodenberg 170.
Dobel 354. 388.
Dockweiler 208.
Dogem 432.
Ddggingen 416.
Dolhain 3.
Dollendorf 81.
Dommelberg, the 116.
Donatusberg 73.
Donaueschingen 405.
Donnersberg, the %6.
Donon, the 331. 333.
Dordrecht 16.
Dorilsheim 332.
Dormagen 65.
Dornach 324. 349.
Domberg 260. 261.
Domheim 250.
Dornholshausen 244.
Dornigheim 262.
Dorrenbach 291.
Dos^nheim 316. 266.
Dottelbach 396.
Dottingen 385.
Dotzheim 148.
Drachenburg 96.
Drachenfels, castle 98.
— (Palatinate) 298. 901.
Draisohberg 79^.
Drei Aehren 846.
Dreibrunn 318.
Dreien-Egisheim 823.
Drei-Fur8tenstein;394.
Dreihof 298.
Drei-Markstein 360.
Dreimfihlen 204.
Dreis 208.
Dreisam, the 879. 412.
Dreisen 286.
Dreistein, ruin 834.
Driebergen 17. J^
INDEX.
441
t)romersheim 285.
Dmsenheim 299.
Dudeldorf 207.
Dudweiler 173.
Duisburg 19. 62.
Diimpelfeld 101.
Durbacb 375.
Diiren 14.
Diirkheim 287.
Durlach 352.
Diirrenbach 292.
Diirrbeim 405.
Dusemond 201.
Diisseldorf 20. 61.
Dutenhofen 67.
Dyck, Schloss 60.
Eberards-Clausen 198.
Eberbach (Bbeingau) 133.
— (on the Neckar) 2'74.
Ebernacb 194.
Ebernburg 169. 170.
Ebersbeim 321.
Eberstadt 255.
Eberstein, castle 392.
Ebersteinburg 372.
Ebertsheim 287.
Ebnet 413.
Echternach 189.
Eckardsberg, the 385.
Eckfeld 210.
Ecklrch 337.
Eckle, the 391. 394.
Edelfrauengrab, the 396.
Edelmannskopf, the 400.
Edenkoben 290.
Edesheim 290.
Ediger 194.
Edigheim 279.
Edaardsthal 263.
Efringen 386.
Egerten 423.
Egisheim 323.
Ehr 115.
Ehrang 198. 202. 207.
Ehrenbreitstein 111.
Ehrenburg 192.
Ehrenfeld 16.
Ehrenfels 127.
Ehrenthal (Rhine) 119.
— (Saarbriicken) 174.
Ehringshaasen 66.
Eibingen 182.
Eichberg 134.
Eichelberg 261.
Eichelhiitte 212.
Eichelspitze 377.
Eichhofen 333.
Elchstetten 377.
Eifel, the 202.
Eilendorf 14.
Eimeldingen 386.
Einach 400.
Binod 295. 300.
Eisenbach 294.
Eisenberg 287.
Eisenschmitt 212.
Eiserne Hand 143.
Eitorf 66.
Elberfeld 68.
Elfenmiihle 196.
Elisenhohe, the 130.
Ellenz 194.
Eller 195.
— , Schloss 25.
Elmshausen 260.
Elmsteiner-Thal 293.
Elsasshausen 292.
Elsdorf 15.
Elsenbom 13.
Elten 18. 59.
EltviUe 134. 142.
Eltviller Au, the 135.
Eltz, Schloss 192.
Elzach 412.
Elzhof 404.
Emberm^nil 318.
Emmaburg, the 8. 13.
Emmendingen 377.
Emmerich 18.
Empel 18.
Ems 212.
Enchenberg 315.
Ender-Thal, the 194. 208.
End ersburff_197.
Endingen 377.
Engeln 104.
Engelport, ruin 193.
Engelsberg 263.
Engelskanzel, the 372.
Engelsley, the 101.
Engelthal. the 90.
Engen 406.
Engenthal 820.
Bngers 77. 83.
EnghoU, the 123.
Enkenbach 286. 170.
Enkirch 199.
Ennepe, the 65.
Ennert, the 81.
Bnsch 202.
Ensdorf 180.
Ensisheim 324.
Ensival 3.
Enzklosterle 354. 393.
Enzweiler 172.
Epfenhofen 433.
Epflg 333.
Eppelheim 275.
Eppelsheim 286.
Eppenhain 246.
Bppstein 249. 281*
Brbach (Odenwald) 268.
— (Eheingau) 184. 142.
Erbenheim 249.
Erden 200.
Erdmanns-Hohle 427.
Erdorf 206.
Erensberg, the 205.
Erfelden 250. 254.
ErfWeiler Schloss 301.
Erkelenz 60.
Erkrath 65.
Erlenbach 261. 301. 336.
Erlenbad 375.
Erlenbrack 414.
Ernsthausen 220.
Ernstthal 263.
Erpel 72. 83.
Erpolzheim 287.
Erschheimer Capelle
274.
Erstein 320.
Erzingen 433.
Erzkasten, the 384.
Eschbach 220. 299. 413.
Eschborn 245.
Escheck 409.
Eschelbronn 275.
Eschelmer 342.
Eschersheim 239.
Eschery 387.
Eschhofen 220.
Bschweiler 14.
Eselsfilrth 286. 170.
Esemael 2.
Essen 62.
Ettenheim 376.
Ettlingen 361.
Ettringer-Bellenberg 907.
Enlbach 263.
Eulsbach 261.
Eupen 13.
Euskirchen 203.
Entingen 409.
Bvrenll 380.
Byachmahl 854. 388.
Fachingen 218.
Fahl 418.
Fahrenbach 261.
Fahrnau 426. 427.
Faid 194.
Faite, Chateau de 337.
Falkau 419.
Falkenberg 174.
Falkenburg 126.
Falkenlei, the 197.
Falkensteig 413.
Falkenstein (Alsace) 815.
— (near Herrenalb) 338.
(Hollenthal) 414.
(Kinzigthal) 408.
(Taunus) 245.
(Winnweiler) 170.
Fankel 194.
Farrenkopf, the 402.
ParschWeiler 915»
Faud^ 842. le
442
INDEX.
FauIenfUrst, the 430.
Favorite, the 372.
Fegersheim 820.
Feldberg (Taunus) 246
— (Black Forest) 417.
Feldkirch 324.
Feldsee, the 416.
Felleringen 351.
Felsberg, the (Eifel) 205.
— (Odenwald) 258,
Felsenineer, the 259.
Fentsch 190.
Ferette 325.
Ferreg 201.
Filsen 116. 141.
Filzen 201.
Finsterthal 289.
Finstingen 318.
Finthen 165.
Fischbach (Nahe) 172.
— (Nassau) 246.
— Thai, the 125. 249.
Fischbodle 847.
Flacht 145.
Fladenstein 301.
Fleckenstein 802.
Fleckertshohe, the 117.
Fliessem 206.
Flomersheim 281.
Flonheim 285. 170.
Florsheim 241.
Flushing 61.
Fohren 198.
Fohrenbtthl 402.
Forbach (Baden) 393.
— (Lorraine) 174.
Formerich, the 208.
Fomich 74.
Forsbach 26.
Forst 288.
Fouday 330.
Fraipont, castle 3.
Francorchamps 18.
Frankenberg, the 12. 14.
Frankenburg 336.
Frankeneck 293.
Frankenstein (Odenwald)
255.
— (Palatinate) 293.
Frankenthal 28a
Frankfort 222.
Academy 234.
Archiv-Gebaude 230.
Art Union 238. 224.
Bethmann's Museum
236.
Boeme's Hon. 234.
Borse 234.
Brentano'8 Mon. 235.
Bridges 231.
Cathedral 229.
Cattle Market 286.
Cemeteries 234. 235.
Frankfort :
Charlemagne^s Statue
231.
Ghristnskirche 236.
Conservatorium 235.
Deutsch-Ordenshaus
236.
Eschenheimer Thurm
234.
Exchange, New 234.
— , Old 226.
French Reformed
Church 225.
FfLrsteneck, Haus 231.
Goldene Wage 229.
Goethe House 226.
— Monument 225.
— Museum 227.
— Platz 225.
Gutenberg's Monu-
ment 2So.
Hauptwache 226.
Hessian Monument 235,
Hippodrome 289.
Hospitals 282. 239.
Judengasse 282.
Justitia Fountain 227.
Justlz-Palast 226.
Kaiser-Strasse 225.
Eatharinenkirche 225.
Law Courts 226.
Lessing's Bust 232.
Library 232.
Liebfrauenkirche 226.
Luther-Kirche 235.
Magi, Church of the 286.
Market 226. 236.
Mint 227.
Museum, Commercial
234.
— , Historical 230.
— of Art and Industry
232
Nicol'aikirche 228.
Opera Houae 233.
Palm Garden 235.
Pfingstweide 235.
Picture Gallery, Muni-
cipal 236.
Police Office 226.
PolytechnicSociety232.
Post Office 226. 223.
RaDway Station 222.
225.
Record Office 230.
Rententhurm 228.
Romer 227.
Rossmarkt 225.
Rothschild House 232.
— Library 229.
Saalbau 231.
Saalhof 228.
Sachsenhausen 236.
Frankfort :
St. Leonhard's Church
228
St. Paul's Ch. 227.
St. Peter's Ch. 234.
Cemetery 234.
Schiller's . Monument
225.
Schone Aussicht 281.
Schopenhauer's House
231.
— Monument 232.
Schiitzenbrunnen 286.
Senckenberg Institu-
tion 284.
Slaughter House 286.
Stadel Art Institute236.
Synagogue 232.
Theatres 224. 225. 234.
Therapeutic Institute
239.
Thum und Taxis, Pal.
of the Prince of 226.
Town Library 232.
Tuchgaden 229.
War Monument 234.
William L, Mon. 238.
Zeil 226.
Zoolog. Garden 236.
Frankisch-Grumbach262.
Frauenalb 388.
Frauenkirche 102.
Frauensteig-Felsen 413.
Frauenstein 135.
Freiburg 377.
Freienfels 220.
Freiersbach 398.
Freiheit 259.
Freinsheim 287.
Freiolsheim, 361.
Frdland 342.
Fremersberg, the 378.
Fremmersdorf 180.
Frenz 15.
Frescati 178. 179.
Freudenstadt 408.
Friedberg 67. 245.
Friedenweiler 415.
Friedrichsdorf 246.
Friedrichsfeld 258.
Friedrichshof 246.
Friedrichssegen 212.
Friedrichsthal (Black
Forest) 394.
— (Nahe) 178.
Friedrich- Wilhelms -
Hiitte 65. 81.
Friesenherg 369.
Friesenheim 376. 279.
Frdhliche-Mannskopf
244.
Frohnschwand 430.
Froschweiler 292.
INDEX.
443
Friicht 216.
Fachsbardt, the 96.
Fachshofen 101.
Fnclistai&a 247.
Ftirsats 416.
Fiirstenau, Schloss 263.
Fiirstenberg, ruin 125.
Fursteneck 39T.
Fiirstenlager, the 256.
Fiirth 261.
Furtwangen 409.
Futzen 433.
Gadem 261.
Gademheim 260.
Qaggenau 391.
Gaimiihle 264.
Gaisbaeh 370. 397.
Gaishohle 375.
Gaisthal 888.
Galz, the 845.
Gambsheim 299.
Gans, the 169.
Gansehals 105.
Garbenheim 221.
Gaa-Algesheim 139-
Gaabiekelheim 286.
Gaugrehweiler 170.
Gaulsheim 132. 139.
Gau-Odernheim 280.
Gausbach 393.
Gebweiler 348.
Gebweiler Belchen 349.
Gees 204.
Geiersberg 201. 257.
Geiersburg, the 288.
Geilenkirchen 60.
Geilnau 218.
Geisbach-Thal 99.
Geisberg, the 94. 96.
— (Alsace) 291.
Geisenheim 132. 141.
Geisenkopfchen HO.
Geisingen 406.
Geispolsheim 320.
Geldern 57.
Gemmerich 115.
Gemiind 15. 203. 209.
Gemiinder Maar 209.
Gengenbach 400.
Gensingen 285.
Georgenborn 143.
Gereath 336.
Germersheizu 298.
Gernsbach 391.
Gernsheim 250.
Geroldseck 319.
Gerolsaa 370.
Gerolstein 125. 144.
— (Kyllthal) 204.
Gerresheim 65.
Gersbach 429.
Gertelbach-Schlucht 389.
Gertweiler 332.
Geschwand 426. 428.
Gevelsberg 65.
Gewenheim 351.
Gickelsburg 244.
Giersberg 417.
Giessen tt7.
Gillenfeld 210.
Gimmeldingen 288.
Girbaden, Schloss 329.
Gladbach, Bergisch 25.
— , Miinchen 60.
Glan 294.
Glashiitte 375.
Glaswald-See, the 407.
Gleiberg, ruin 67.
Gleisweiler 290.
Glotter-Thal, the 413.
Goch 57. 19.
Goddelau 250. 254.
Godesberg 79.
— , castle 80. 69.
Godramstein 299.
Gohl-Viaduct 13.
Goldene Meil, the 79.
Goldstein 240.
Gollheim 286.
Gondorf 191.
Gonsenheim 285.
Gorze 178.
Gossersweiler 301.
Gottenheim 384.
Gottesaue 361.
Gottmadingen 435.
Gottschlag-Thal, the 396,
Gouda 17.
Goutte 342.
Goxweiler 332.
Graach 200.
Graben-Neudorf 279. 352.
Grafenberg 25.
Grifenberg, the 135.
Grafenhausen 376. 433.
Grafenstaden 320.
Grafenwerth 69. 83.
Grafinburg, the 199.
Grandfontaine 331.
Graufthal 816.
Graupenwerth 68.
Grau-Eheindorf 68.
Grauschlagfelsen 329.
Gravelotte 177.
Graveneck 220.
Greifenstdn 319. 66.
Grendelbruch 329.
Grenzach 431.
Grenzau 83.
Grenzhausen 83.
Gresgener Hohe, the 426.
Gressenich 14.
Gressweiler 329
Grevenbroich 15.
Grevenhausen 293.
Griesbach 399.
Grieshelm 248. 256.
Griessen 433.
Grimbach, the. 369.
Grimmelshofen 433.
Groesbeck 59.
Gronau 260.
Gross-Bieberau 262.
Grossenbaum 20.
Grossgerau 251.
Gross-Geroldseck 319.
Gross-Hettingen 190.
Gross-Karben 68.
Grosskonigsdorf 16.
Grc^smann 331.
Grossrohrheim 250.
Gross-Sachsen 268.
Gross-Umstadt 262.
Grotzingen 853.
Gruiten 63.
Grumbach 263.
Grunern 385.
Grunhaus 202.
Griiningen 405.
Griinstadt 286.
Guckley 100.
Gudenauer-ThaL the 80.
Giils 191.
Gumpelscheuer 354. 393.
Gundersheim 286.
Gundershofen 314.
Gilnsbach 345.
Guntersblum 280.
Giintersthal 384.
Gunzenbach-Thal 369.
Gustavsburg 240. 251.
Gutach 400. 412.
Giitenbach 410.
Gutenfels, castle 123. 141.
Gutleuthof 291.
Gutmadingen 406.
Guttenburg 433.
Haagen 427.
Haan 03.
Haanenburg, the 82.
Haardt 289.
Haardter Hofe , the 198.
Haberacker 317. 819.
Habersaul 16.
Habonville 178.
Habsheim 326.
Hachenburg 219.
Hachimette 842.
Hadamar 219.
Hagelschioss 384.
Hagen 65.
Hagenau 292. 314.
Hagenbach 298.
Hagenbriicke 395.
Hagendingen 190.
Eager Hof, the 82.
— Koppelchen S^
444
INDEX.
Habn 143.
Hahnenberg, the 309. 336.
Hahnstatten U5.
Haicot 83T.
Haiger 66.
Hain 104.
Hainstadt 262.
Halberg, the 174.
Halbmeil 407.
Haldenhof 413. 434.
Haldern 18.
HaUgarten 183.
Haltern 19.
Haltingen 386.
Hambach 173. 289. 818.
Hammereisenbach 406.
Hammerstein (on the
Rhine) 74 83.
^ (Black Forest) 428.
Hanan 262.
Handschuchsbeim 268.
Hanselberg, the 133.
Hanweiler 315.
Hardt, the 208.
Hardwald 244.
Harflf 16.
Hannersbach 398.
Harpolinger Scbloss 432.
Hartenburg 287.
Hartenrod 66.
Hartwald, the 326.
Harzheim 286.
Hasel 427.
Haselbaeh Valley 121.
— WaterfaD 438.
H4senberg 101. 114.
Hasenbuig 420.
Haslacb M.
Haspe 66.
Hassloch 288.
Hattenheim 133. 142.
Hattersbeim 241.
Hattingen 406.
Hatzenport 192.
Hauenstein 300.
Hauptstubl 294.
Hausach 401.
Hausen (Palatinate) 287.
— (Roer Valley) 15.
— (Wiesenthal) 426.
— vorm Wald 416.
Hausern (Black Forest)
420. 430.
— (near Egisbeim) 323
Haates Ghanmes 343.
Hayingen 190.
Hebelshobe 426.
Hecklingen 376.
Heddembeim 239.
Heddesbacb 261.
Heddesdorf 76.
Heerdt 56.
Hegne 435.
Heidbnrg 401.
Heidelberg 264.
Heidenfels 239.
Heidenkamm 82.
Heidenmauer, the (Diirk-
heim) 288.
— (Odilienberg) 834.
Heidenstadt 316.
Heidesheintk 140.
Heilbrannen, the 103.
Heiligenberg, chat. 265.
— , hiU 272. 293.
— (Vosges) 329.
Heiligenstein (Vosges)
883.
— (near Speyer) 298.
HeiUg-Kreuz (chapel)346.
— Steinach 261.
Heimbacb (Engers) 83.
CNabe) 172.
(Roer) 15.
Heimburg) ruin 126.
Heimersheim 98.
Heissenatein 348.
Heisterbach 96. 81.
Heisterbacherrott 81.
Heitersheim 385.
Helenabrann 61.
HeUentbal 203.
Helmstadt 275.
Heltorf 20.
Hemingen 318.
Hemmersbach 15.
Hemmessen 98.
Hemsbach 267.
Hengebach 15.
Hennef 66.
Heppenheim 267.
Heppingen 97.
Hepsehingen 426.
Herbesthal 3.
Herbitzheim 316.
Herblingen 435.
Herbolzheim 376.
Herbom 66.
Herchen 66.
Herchenberg 104.
Herdorf 66.
Hergenrath 3. 13.
Hering 263.
Herlingen 174.
Herlisbeim 298. 323.
Hermanns-Hiitte 77.
Hermeskeil 173. 202.
Hemsbeim 285.
Herrenalb 888.
Herrenberg 347.
Herrenschwand 428.
Herrenstein 316.
Herrenwies 890.
Herrischried 432.
Her8bach'329
Herschbaeh 101.
Herschwlesen 118.
Herthen 431.
Henberg 244.
Herzogenrath 60.
Herzogenhom, the 418.
Hessen 318.
Heasheim 279.
Hettenleitheim 287.
Hetzbach 264.
Hetzerath 198.
Heubach 262.
Heuchelheim 290.
Heakopf 888.
Hillesheim 204.
Hilpertsau 392.
Himmelreich, the (Black
Forest) 413.
— , — (Moselle) 200.
Himmerod 212.
Hinter-Langenbach 894.
Hinter-Seebach 395.
Hinter-Weidenthal 300.
Hinterzarten 414.
Hintsebingen 406. 433.
Hirschberg, the 94.
Hirscbhom 274.
Hirschkopf 257.
Hirschlache, the 412.
Hirschsprung 414.
Hirzenach 119.
Hirzenstein 850.
Hirzwald 404.
Hochburg, ruin 377.
Hocbdabl 65.
Hdchenschwand 430.
Hochfeld 62.
, the 829. 330. 335.
Hochfelden 316.
Hochflrst, the 415.
Hocbheim 241.
Hochkopf 398. 419. 428.
Hochsimmer. the 207.
Hochspeyer 170. 293.
Hocbst (Odenwald) 263
— (Taunns) 240. 218.
Hochstadt (Ddrnigheim)
262.
— (Rhen. Palat.) 298.
Hochstatten 170. 259.
Hochs tatter -Thai 256.
Hochstanfen, the 420.
Hochwald, the 14.
Hochwart, the 414.
Hockenbeim 279.
H of eld 173.
Hofen 292.
Hofen 363.
Hoffnungsthal 26.
Hofheim 248. 256. 257.
Hofheimer Capelle 248.
Hofstetten 401.
Hof-^ollgrund 115.
Hoh-Barr 819. [^
INDEX.
445
Hohe Acht, the 101. 102.
Hohe Lei, the 217.
Hohe Mark, the 247.
Hohe Mohr, the 426.
Hohenhaden, castle 3
Hohenburg, the 302.
Hohenbusch 6L
Hoheneck, the 347.
— , ruin 126.
Hohen-Egisheim 323.
Hohenfels 206.
Hohengeroldseck 401.
Hohen-Honnef 82.
Hohenhowen 406.
Hohenkrahen 406. .
Hohenlupfen 433.
Hohen-Bappoltstein 340.
Hohenroder Schloss 375
Hohenstein 144. 260. .
HohensiUzen 286.
Hohentwiel, the 435.
Hobe Warth 101.
Hohe Wurzel, the 143.
Hohe Zlnken, the 419.
Hoh-Konigsburg 338.
Hohlandsburg 344.
Hohlenfels 144. 131.
Hohloh 354. 388. 392.
Hohnack 345.
Hohneck 347.
Hohr 83.
Hohrodberg 345.
Hohwald m
Hdllenhaken, the 431.
Hollenpass, the 414.
HoUenthal, the 412.
Holler Hiihle 291.
Hollrlch 217.
HdllBteig 414.
Holzhausen 121. 144.245.
Holsinshaas 424.
Holzlebruck 415.
Holzmaar, the 210.
Holzwald 407.
HolzwalderHohe 399.407.
Homberg 62.
Homburg, Baths 241.
— (Palatinate) 294.
Honnef 82.
Honnerafh 204.
Honningen 74. 83. 101.
Hontheim 197.
Horchheim 113. 110.
Hordt 293.
Hordten 391.
Horheim 433.
Horn (Ahr Valley) 101.
Homberg 401.
Homberg, the 392.
Homisgrinde, the 390.
Hfirale, the 422.
Hdraleberg 412. 430.
HorMee, the 392.
Horrem 15.
Horrweiler 285.
Hottingen 432.
Hubacker 397.
Hub, Auf der 32a
Hiifingen 405. 416.
Hugstein 848.
Hugstetten 384.
Huhnerberg, the 121.
Hummerich 102.
Hunaweier 840.
Hundlingen 315.
Hundsbach 390.
Hundseck 380.
Hundskopf 399.
Htiningen 328.
Hunnenrinr, the 173.
Hunspach 292.
Hunsriick, the 165.
Huttenheim 352.
Hutten-Thal, the 168.169.
Httttenbmnnen-Thal 289.
390.
Hiittingen 207.
Hntzenbach 393.
Ibach 396.
Ibcn 170.
Ibenthal, the 413.
Ichendorf 15.
Idar 172.
Idstein 249.
Igel 188.
Iggelheim 288.
Igney-Avricovrt 818.
Igstadt 249.
Ihringen 384.
Ilbesheim 285.
lllenau 375.
Illfurt 325.
lUkirch 320.
Immekeppel 26.
Immendingen 406. 433.
Immeneich 431.
Immlingen 318.
Imsweiler 170.
Ingelheim 140.
Ingelheimer Aue 136.
Ingenheim 290
Ingersheim 341.
Ingweiler 316.
Insheim 290.
Irlich 76.
Isenach-Thal,the287. 288.
Isenburg (Alsace) 323.
— (Sayn Valley) 83.
Ispringen 353.
Issel 198 202.
Istein 386.
Ittenbach 94.
Jacobsberger Hof 116.
Jacobsweiler 286.
Jagdhaus (Baden) 374.
Jagdschloss(Niederwa]d)
138.
Jagerthal 302.
Jechtingen 377.
Jesaitenhof 68.
Jockgrim 298.
Johannisberg, Dorf 133.
— , Schloss 132.
— im Grund 133.
— (Nahe Valley) 171.
Josephshof 200.
Jouy-au3(-Arche8 179.
Jugenheim 255.
Jiilich or Juliers 15.
Jooghols 347
Jiinkerath 204.
Kaferthal 250. 258.
Eaferwaldkopf 395.
Kahle Wasen, the 346.
Kailbach 264.
Eaimt 199.
Kaiserberg, the 73.
Kaiserburg, ruin 341.
Eaisersesch 208-
Kaiserslautem 293. 286.
Eaisersmh 15.
Kaiserstuhl, the 377.
Kaiserswerth 25.
Kaiser- Wilhehn-Brucke
63.
Kuldenkirchen 16.
Kalenberg 376.
Kalenborner Hohe 101.
Kalk 62. 65.
Kalkofen 218.
Kahnit, the 290.
Kalscheuren 81.
Ealsmnnt, ruin 221.
Kaltenbach 800.
Ealtenbom 101.
Ealtenbronn 354. 392.
Ealtenengers 77.
Ealtenherberg 410.
EammerbergerMuhIel25.
Eammerforst 131.
Eandel, the 411.
Kandem 423.
Eapellen 291.
Eappel 376. 416.
Eappelbronn 331.
Eappele, the 388.
Eappeler-Thal 395. 413.
Eappelrodeck 395.
Kappelwindeck 389.
Eapsweyer 291.
Earlsdorf 352.
Karlssprung 318.
Earthaus 182. 188. 189.
Earthause, the 110.
Easacker 423.
Easbach TSooqIc
446
INDEX.
Kastanienberg , the 286
Kaatelburg, puin 411.
Kattelstein 407.
Katz, the, ruin 120.
Katzenbach 263.
Katzenberg 331.
Katzenbuckel, the 274.
Eatzenelnbogen 121.
Katzenstein, the 329.
Katzenthal 341.
Kautenbach 199.
Eauzenberg, the 167.
Kaysersberg 341.
Kehl 376.
Eelberg 102.
Kelchaattel, the Hohe 434.
EeUerskopf, the 154.
Kelsterbach 240.
Kernel 144.
Kemmenauer Hohe 216
Kempen 57. 61.
Kempenich 104.
Rempten 132. 285.
Eennfas 197.
Kenzingen 376.
Kerpen 204
Eesselberg 403. 404.
Kesselheim 77.
Eeaseling 101.
Kessenich 90.
Kesten 201.
Eestenborg 289.
Kestenholz 386.
Eestert 141.
Kettenheim 286.
Keuchingen 181.
Eevelaer 57.
Eiedrich 136.
Eienberg 409-
Rienzheim 341.
Kierberg 202.
Kindel 200.
Einderbeuren 197.
Kindsbach 294.
Kinheim 200.
Kinzheim 336.
Einzig, the 376. 400 etc
Eippenheim 376.
Eirchberg 351. 185.
Eirchbrombach 263.
Eirchheim (Alsace) 328.
— an der Eck 287.
— (near Heidelberg) 362.
Eirchheimbolanden 285.
Eirchlei 200.
EirchweUer 205.
Eirchzarten 413.
Eirmadscheid 201.
Eirn 171.
Rimach 404.
Rirnbach 406.
Eirneck 404.
Eimeck-Thal, the 332.
Kirrweiler 290.
Eirsch 202.
Kirschhausen 261.
Eislau 352.
Elans, the 181.
Klause, the 133.
Elein-Amsberg 302.
Elein-Anheim 262.
Elein-Basel 386.
Elein-Blittersdorf 316.
Eleinenbroich 61.
Eleingeran 261.
Elein-Geroldseck 319.
Eleinkems 386.
Eleinsteinbach 353.
Elein-Umstadt 262.
Elein-WiDgen 802.
Elengen 405.
Elimbach 302.
Elingen 290.
Elingenmtlnster 290.
EUngenthal 333.
Elinzkopf 346.
Elopp, castle 129.
Elosterberg 370.
Elosterle, the 407.
Elosterrath 60.
Eloster-Reichenbach 394.
Enechtsteden, abbey 55.
Eniebis 399.
Knielingen 361.
Enoden 260.
Enoringen 290.
Kochem 174.
Eockelsberg 188.
Eogenheim 321.
Eohlhof, the 272.
Eohlscheidt 60.
Eollmarsreuthe 377.
EoUnan 412.
Eolmbach 260.
Eondelwald 197.
Edndringen 377.
Eonig 263.
— , the 196.
Eonigsbach (near Diirk-
heim) 288.
— (near Durlach) 353.
Eonigsberg, the 294.
Konigsdorf 15.
Ednigsfeld 404.
Konigshofen 320.
Eonigsmachem 190.
Eouigsmiihle 289.
Eonigstein (Taunus) 246.
Eonigstuhl (near Hei-
delberg) 272.
— (near Bhens) 114.
Eonigswinter 91. 69. 81.
Eorb 219.
Eorbmattfelsen 373.
Eork 375.
Eorretsherg, the 102.
Eostheim 240. 251.
Eovenich 199.
Eowerich 202.
Erahenbad 408.
Erahnenberg, the"76.
Erappenfels 299. 344.
Erehberg, the 260.
Ereuzau 15.
EreoBberg (Ahr) 101.
— (near Bonn) 89.
— (near Boppard) 117.
Ereoxnach 165.
Eriftel 248.
Erinne 424.
Eripp 73.
Eronweiler 172.
Eropsburg, the 290.
Erotsingen 386.
Eruft 102.
Erufter Ofen, the 102.
Erambach 261.
Eriit 351.
Etldinghofen 81.
Eiihkopf, the 110.
Eiihr 191.
Kuppenheim 391
Eiippersteg 25.
Kurzenhausen 293.
Ensel 294.
Eiissenberg 433.
Eutt 400.
Entterau 431.
Eybfelsen, the 384.
Eyll, the 2(». 206. 207.
Eyllburg 206.
Eyrburg, ruin 172.
Laach, Abbey of 104.
— (Ahr Valley) 100.
Laacher Kopf, the 104.
Laacher See, the 104.
Labroque 829.
Lac Blanc, the 343.
— Noir, the 348.
Ladenborg 258.
Lahn, the 67. 127. 212.
Lahneck 114.
Lahr 876.
Lambrecht 293.
Lambsheim 281.
Lammersdorf 13.
Lamperthelm 250.
Lampertsmiihle 294.
Landau 290.
Landeck 377.
Landen 2.
Landesbach 346.
Landkem 206.
Landsberg 169. 383.
Landshut (Moselle) 200.
Landskron (Palat.) 280.
— , the (Ahr VaUey) 97.
Landsperg, rain 8^
I
i
INDEX.
447
Landstuh) 294.
Landwasser 401. 412.
Langeck 425.
Langenau, Burg 217.
Langenberg 329.
Langenbrand 393.
Langenbriicken 362.
Langenfeld 25.
liangenkandel 361.
Langenlonsheim 165.
Langenordrach-Thal 415.
Langen-Schwalbach 143.
Langenthal 261.
Langerwehe 14.
Langgons 67.
Langmeil 286. 170.
Langstadt 262.
Langsur 189.
Lasserg 192.
Lattem 346.
Laubach 208.
Laubbach 110.
Laubenheim (near
Mayence) 279.
— (Nahe) 165.
Laubus 220.
Laucbenweier 347.
Laudenbaoh 257.
Lauf 375.
Laulen, Schloss 434.
Laufenbacher Hof 101.
Laufenburg 432
Laufer Schloss 375.
Laukenmiihle, the 125.
Laumersheim 279.
Laurenburg 218.
Lautenbach 397.
Lautenbach-Zell 34S.
Lauter, the 291. 301.
Lauterbach 401. 403.
Lanterecken 294.
Lauterburg 298.
Laaterfingen 318.
Laatern 260.
Lay 191.
Leberau 337.
Leber-Thal, the 337.
Leeheim 250.
Legelshurst 375.
Lehengericht , the Vor-
dere and Hintere 407.
Lebenkopf^ the 430.
Lehmen 191. 194.
Leiberg 82.
Leichlingen 63.
Leichtweisflbohle 152.
Leimbach 102.
Leimen 352.
Leiningen 286. 316.
Leinsweiler 299.
Leiwen 202.
Lembach 302.
Lemberg 315.
Lemberg, the 169. 170.
Lengfeld 263.
Leniaberg 140. 165. 285.
Lennep v&.
Lenzkirch 419.
Leopolds- Canal, the 376.
Leopoldshohe, the (near
Baden) 369.
— (near Bale) 386.
Letterstatter Hohe 407.
Leubfldorf 73. 83.
Leutershansen 266.
Leutesdorf 75.
Liblar 202. 16.
Lichtenberg 316.
Lichtenegg, ruin 376.
Lichtenthal 369.
Liebeneck 116.
Liebenstein 118.
Liedberg 60.
Li6ge 3.
Li^pvre 337.
Liers 101.
Lieser 198. 201.
LiUentbal 877.
Limburg (Nassau) 218
— (Belgium) 3.
— (Kaiserstuhl) 877.
— Abbey 287.
Limersheim 820.
Lindelbrunner Schloss
301.
Lindenbach 215.
Lindenberg 413.
Lindenfels 260.
Lindem 60.
Lingenfeld 298.
Lingolsheim 8'20.
Linn 62.
Linz 73. 83.
Linzhausen 73.
Lissendorf 204.
Lissingen 205.
Littenweiler 413.
Litzelrdder 260.
Litzig 199.
Lobloch 288.
Lobsann 292.
Locherberg 398.
Lochmiihle 100. 244.
Loef 192.
Loflfel-Thal, the 414.
LofTenau 388.
LdfHngen 416.
Logelbach 341. 344.
Lohnberg 220.
Lohrberg, the 94. 97.
Lohrsdorf 97.
Longen 202.
Longerich 55-
Longkamp 200.
Longwich 202.
Lorch 125. 141.
Lorchhausen 125.
Lorchingen 318.
Lorelei 121.
Lorrach 427.
Lorsbach 248.
Lorsch 266.
Lorsch 202.
Lorzenbach 261.
Losenich 2G0.
Lossburg.Rodt 406.
Louisa 250.
Louisenthal 180.
Lousberg, the 12.
Louvain 2.
Lovenich 16.
Lowenbriicken 182. 189.
Lowenburg, the 96.
Ludwigshafen 278. 281.
Ludwigshohe 260.
— , Villa 290.
Lug 301.
Liilsdorf 68.
Londenbiihl, the 346.
Lun^ville 318.
Lurlei, the 121.
Lustadt 298.
Luttenbach 346.
Lutterbach 324. 349.
Liittich 3.
Liitzelbach 259. 339.
Liitzelburg 317.
-, ruin 317. 333.
Liitzelhardt 302.
Liitzelhausen 329.
Liitzelsachsen 257.
Liitzelstein 316.
Lutzerath 197.
Luxembourg 189. 190.
Luzieberg, the 257.
Maarsbergen 17.
Maas. the 16.
Maastriclit 61.
Machem 200.
Madenburg, the 300.
Magdeberg. the 406.
Mahlberg 376.
Maifeld, the 207. 192.
Haikammer 290.
Main, the 155. 224. 262.
Hainan, island 486.
Mainkur 262.
Mainz 154.
Maisach-Thal, the 398.
Maiweiler 174.
Maizi^res 190.
Malancourt 178.
Malberg, the (Ems) 215.
— , chateau 206.
Malbcrgskopf 73.
Malchen, the 255.
Mallendar 77.
Mallingen 190. [^
448
INDEX.
Iklalmaison 178.
Malmedv 13.
Malsch 361.
Malschbach 370.
Hambach 426.
Mammolshain 246.
I^landerscheid 210.
Mannelstein 334.
Mannheim 276.
Mannweiler 170.
Marainviller 318.
Harbach (Alsace) 323.
— (Black Fofest) 40B.
Harcobrannen 184.
Mai^arethenbof 94.
Haria-Wald 16.
Marienberg 117. 219.
marienbom 286.
Harienbnrg, ruin 195.
— Bayenthal 68.
Maricnfels 71. 115.
Marienstatt 219.
Harienthal, monast. (Al-
sace) 132. 293.
— (Ahr Valley) 99.
— (Palatinate) 288.
Haring 198.
Harkelflngen 435.
Markirch 337.
Marksburg 115.
MarlborougbjTuin 190.
Harlenheim 327.
Harmoutier 922.
Marnhelm 286.
Mars-la-Tour 178.
Martinsbof 200. 409.
Hartinstein 171.
Marvzell 888.
Hasburg 206.
Hasmiinster 351.
Massevaux 861.
Mastricht. see Maastricht.
MatreUe 342. 343.
Matzenbach 294.
Hatzenheim 321.
Hauer 275.
Hanlbnrg 427.
Maursmiinster 327.
Maus, ruin 119.
Mauseberg, the 209.
Maxau 861.
Maxburg, the 289.
Maximiliansau 361.
Mayen 207.
Mayence 154.
Mayschoss 1(X).
Mecbernich 203.
Meckenheim 203.
Meckesheim 275.
Hedard 294.
Meerfeld 211.
Mehlem 69. 79.
Mehren 209.
Mehrhoog 18.
Hehring 202.
Heiderich 19.
Meisenheim 171.
Meissenheim 876.
Melibocus, the 255.
Helkereikopf, the 39i
Menchhofen 316.
Hennelstein, the 334
Mensberg, castle 19J.
Henzenberg, the 82.
Henzenschwand 429.
Menzenschwander Htttte
417.
Mercuriuflberg, the 373.
Merenberg 220.
Merl 199.
Merode 14.
Merten, monast. 66.
Hertesheim 287.
Mertert 189.
Herxheim 824.
Merzhausen 383.
Merzig 180.
Herzweiler 314.
Mesenich 194.
Mettenheim 280.
HetUach 180.
Hetz 174.
Metzeral 847.
Michaelscapelle (near
Durlach) 352.
— (near Zabem) 316.
Michaels-Lei 200.
Michelsberg 203.
Michelstadt 263.
Miehlen 115.
Miellen 216.
Mietesheim 314.
Milspe 66.
Miltenberg 264.
Minderberg, the 73.
Mingolsheim 362.
Minheim 201.
Mittelbergheim 334.
Mittelheim 133. 141.
Mittelthal 394.
Mittelzell 435.
Mittershansen 261.
Molkencur. the 271.
Molsheim 328.
Mombach 140.
Mommenheim 315.
Moncel 318
Monchsberg, the 345.
Monchweiler 291.
Mondorf 68.
Blonreal 207.
Monrepos 77.
Monsheim 286.
Montabaur 219.
Montabec, the 346.
Montclair 181.
Montfort, chftteau 169.
Montigny-la-Grange 178b
Montjoie 13.
Montois-la-Montagne 178.
Montreux-Vieux 326.
Montroyal 199.
Montzen 13.
Monvanx 177.
Monzel 201.
Monz6lfeld.201.
Monzingen 171.
Moosbrann7361.
Moosch 350.
Moosthurm 398. 400.
Morel 330.
Moresnet 13.
Morfelden 250.
Morgenbach-Thal 126.
M6rlenbach:261.
Mors 61.
Morsbronn 292.
Morschheim 286.
Mortnau, the 376.
Mosbach(Odenwald) 275.
— (Biebrich) 135. 142.
Moscou 178.
Moselkem 192.
Moselle, the 78. 190. etc.
Moselweis 191.
Mosenberg. the 211.
Mothem 293.
Moulins-les-Metz 177.
Mouse, the, ruin 119.
Mouse Tower 128.
Moyland, ch&t. 69.
Muchenland 418. 419.
Miiden 193.
Muggenbrunn 413.
Muggensturm 361.
Miihlbach 346.
Miihlburg 355. 361.
Muhlhausen 406.
Miihlheim (Moselle) 201.
Muhlhofen 77. 290.
MOlben 263.
Miilhausen 324.
Mulheim am Bhein 25.
an der Ruhr 62.
Miillenbach (Baden) 372-
— (near Mayen) 208.
Miillenbild 372.
MJillheim 385.
Miimling 263.
Mummelsee, the 390.
Miinchen-GIadbach 60.
Miinchweier 294. 376.
Munchweiler 170. 300.
Mundolsheim 315.
Miingsten 63.
Munsbach 189.
Mun8ter(Reichenau) 435.
— (Alsace) 346.
— (Taunus) a46[p
INDEX.
449
M&nster am Stein 168.170.
Miiiutereifel 208.
Miinster-M&ifeld 192.
Muii8terthal(Vo8gM)8tt. "Neudorf 112. 142. 375.
— (Black Forest) 425.
Himsteruckerle 848.
Munter Ley 205.
Miinz, the 800.
Miinzenberg, min 67.
Harbach 348.
Murg 432.
— , the 962. 392.
Miirlenbach 206.
Miisch 101.
Huflsbach 288.
Hiistert 201.
M utterslehen 430.
Mutterstadt 288.
Mutzig 328.
Mutzigfela 331.
Nackenheim 279.
Kahe, the 128. 165. 168.
Kambom 173.
Namedy 74.
Nancy 179. 318.
Napoleonsinsel 325.
Karion-l&'els 831.
Nassau 216.
— , castle of 217.
Nastatten 115. 121.
Natzweiler 330.
Nauheim (Taunus) 67.
— (near Darmstadt) 251.
Nebing 818.
Keckarau 219.
Keckarbischofshelm 275.
Neckarelz 276.
Neckargemiind 278.
Neckargerach 275.
Keckarhansen 274.
Neckarsteinach 273.
Neef 195.
Neepsen-Neuwerk 60.
Neerwlndcn 2.
Nehren 194.
Neidenfels, ruin 293.
Neidenstein 275.
Neitersen 219.
Nellenkopf 112.
Kennig 189.
Nerobepg, the 152.
Nerothal 152.
Nerother Kopf 205. 208.
Xessellache, the 414.
Kessonvaux 3.
Nette, the 78 102. 207.
Kettersheim 203.
Keublankenheim 204.
Neu-Breisach 385.
Nenbrtlcke 172.
Neubarg 2«8.
— , abbey 278.
K^nbnrg, the (Neckarelz)
275.
Nendingen 406.
Xea-Eberstein 392.
Neuenahr 98.
Neuenburg 825.
Nenenbiirg 353.
Neuendorf 78.
Neuenfels 420.
Neuenhain 248.
Neuenheim 272.
Nenenhdwen 403.
Neuenweg 424. 426.
Neuhausel 112.
Neuhausen 433.
Nenhemsbach 286. 170.
Neohof 414. 425.
Neu-Katzenelnbogen 120.
Neulussheim 279.
Neumagen 201.
Neomiihl (Alsace) 820.
Neomiihle, the 211.
Neun-Aussichten 256.
Neunkirch 433.
Neunkirchen (Nahe Val-
ley) 173. 295.
— (Bifel) 205.
— (Heller Valley) 66.
— (Odenvald) 259.
Neunkircher H.6he 269.
Neuntenstein 335.
Neu-Saarwerden 818.
Nen-Scheuem 818.
Neuss 56. 61.
Neustadt an der Haardt
28&
— an der Miimling 263.
— (Black Forest) 416.
Neuweier 370. 374.
Neuweiler 316.
Neu-Weilnau 245. 249.
Neuwied 76. 83.
Neu-Windeck 375.
Neuwolfstein 294.
Nicolaus-Lei 200.
Nideck 328. 381.
Nideggen 15.
Nieder-Adenau 102.
Niederberg 112.
Niederbettingen 204.
Niederbiber 76.
Niederbrechen 249.
Nieder-Breisig 74. 83.
Niederbronn 314.
Niederbruck 351.
Niederburg, ttie (Oobern)
■ (Budesheim) 131.
• (Oberwesel) 120.
Nieder-Dollendorf 81. 69.
Nieder-Dresselndorf 66.
Niederehe 204.
Bakdekkb's Rhine. 15th Edit.
Niederemmel 201.
Nieder-Enist 194.
Niederfell 191.
Niederflorsheim 286.
Nieder-Hammerstein 74.
Nieder-Harmenbach 398.
Nieder-Haslach 380.
Niederhausen 170.
Nieder-Heimbach 126.
Nieder-Hochstadt 245.
Niederhorbach 291.
Niederhovels 66.
Nieder-Ingelheim 140.
Nieder-Eainsbach 262.
Nieder-Kestert 119.
Niederlahnstein 118. 140.
Niederlauterbach 292.
Niederlinxweiler 178.
Nieder-Liitzingen 104.
NiedeT-Manderscheid210.
Niedermendig 108.
Niedermohr 294.
Nieder-Horschweier 341.
Niedermiihle 480. 431.
Niedemhansen 249.
Nieder-Olm 285.
Nieder-Otrott 338.
Niederrad 239.
Nieder-Ramstadt 262.
Nieder-Saolheim 285.
Nieder-Schopfheim 376.
Nieder-Schworstadt 431.
Niederselters 249.
Niederspay 116. 141.
Niederwald, the 136.
Niederwalluf 136. 142.
Niederwasser 402.
Niederweiler 420.
Niederwerth 78. 84.
Niederwinden 412.
Nieder-Wollstadt 68.
Nieder-Zissen 104.
Nierstein 279.
Nienkerk 57.
Nievem 212.
Nimburg 377.
Nippenburg 406.
Nippes 66.
Nittel 189.
Kitting 818.
Nohen 172.
Nohfelden 173.
Nolsserille 179.
Noil, the 331.
Nollen, the 289.
NoUich 125.
Nohnenstrombergfthe 95.
Nonnenwerth 69. 79. 88.
Nonnweiler 178.
Nonrod 269.
Nord-Canal, the 62.
Nordrach 898. i
Norf56. d^
29-
3
450
INDEX.
Kothberg 14.
Kothgottes 132.
NothhauBAB 77.
Nothschrei, Am 418. 419
Notre Dame des Trois
. Epia 845.
NouUly 179.
Nov^ant 177. 179.
NoTiaad 198.
Karburg, the 102. 204.
Nosabach 404.
Kuasloeh 862.
Nymwegen 16. 68.
Ober-Absteinach 261.
. Oberacbern 396.
Ober-Aha 418.
Oberbeuem 370.
Oberbiber 77.
OberboUen 424. 426.
Oberbrechen 249.
Oberbnick 361.
. Oberburg, tower 131.
Qbercaasel (near Diiasel-
dor0 58.
— (near Bonn) 89. 81
Ober-Dollendorf 8L
Ober-Ehnheim 832.
— Bmmel 181.
— Ern«t 194.
Oberfell 192.
Oberbambach 288.
Oberhunmer 818.
Ober-Uammerstein 74.88.
— Harmersbach 896.
Oberhaslach 330.
Oberhausen (near Dais-
burg) 19.
— (near Bergsabem) 291
Oberhof 816.
Oberhomburg 174.
Ober-Ingelheim 140.
OberkaU 212.
Oberkatzensteig 409.
Oberkirch 896. 397.
Ober-Krfihlingen 101.
Oberlahnstein 114. 141.
Oberlauchringen 433.
Oberlenzkirch 419.
Ober-Lutzingen 104.
Ober-Manbach 15.
Obermendig 105.
Obermodem 8l5.
Obemai 332.
Obemeisen 146.
Obernhof 217.
Ober-Otrott 388.
Ober-Plattig 389.
Ober-Prechthal 412.
Ober-Ramstadt 262.
Oberried 413.
Obers chaff bausen 377.
Ober-Schlettenbach 301.
Ober-Simonswald 411.
Oberspay 116. 141.
Oberstein 172.
Ober-Steinbach 802.
Obersnlz 846.
Ober-Sulzbach 316.
Oberthal S8D. 374. 894.
Obertsroth 392.
Obertullingen 427.
Oberurael 241.
Ober-Waekenbaeh 831.
Oberweiler 420.
Oberwrerth 112.
Oberwesel 122. 139.
Oberwinden 412.
Oberwinter 71. 79. 83.
Oberwolfach 399. 406.
OberzeU 486.
Ober-Zissen 104.
Oberzwieselberg 407.
Obrigheim 276.
Ochsenkopf, Hohe 890.
Ochsenstein 319.
Ockenfels 78.
Odenbach 294.
Odendorf 208.
Odenwald, the 268.
Oderen 351.
Odilienberg, the 883. 834.
Oedsbach m.
Oedt 61.
Oeflingen 428.
Oelberg, the Great 95.
Oermingen 316.
Oestrich 138. 141.
Oetringen 189.
Offenbach am Glan 294.
Offenburg 375.
Offenthaler Hof 121.
Offstein 280. 287.
Ofteringen 433.
Oggersheim 281.
Ohligfl 63.
Ohligsberg, the 201.
Olbriick, castle 104.
Olef 203.
Oos 362. 374.
Opladen 62.
Oppan 279.
Oppenau 887.
Oppenheim 280.
Oppum 56. 62.
Oranienstein 218.
Orbey 342-
Orensberg 299.
Orschweier 376.
Orsoy 19.
Ortenau, the 376.
Osterspay 116. 141.
Ostheim 321.
Osthofen 280.
Ottenheim 376.
Ottenhofen 396.
Otterberg 294.
Ottersweier 374.
Otterswciler 827.
Ottmarsheim 826.
OttweUer 178. 316.
Otzberg 263.
Otzenhaasen 173.
Ourthe, the 8.
Pagny 179.
Palenberg 60.
Pairia, abbey 343.
PaUien 188. 198.
Palzem 189.
Papenkaul, the 206.
Patersberg 121.
Pechelbronn 292.
Pelage, the 336.
Pelagiua-Plati 244.
Pellenz 207.
Pelm 204. 208.
Peltre 174. 179.
Pepinster 8.
Perl 189.
Perlkopf 104.
Peternit 348.
Peters-An 186.
Petersberg, the (Seven
Mts.) 96.
— (Moselle) 196.
- (nearGan-Odernheim)
280.
Peterspay 116.
PetersUial 899.
Peterzell 404.
Petite-Croix 325.
Pfaffendorf 112.
Pfahlgraben, the 74. 215.
244.
Pfalz', the 123.
Pfalzburg 318.
Pfalidorf 58.
Pfalzel 198. 202. 207.
Pfalzgrafenstein 128.
Pfeddersheim 286.
Pfifflieheim 286.
Pfirt 826.
Pfohren 405.
Pforzheim 353.
Pfangstadt 255.
Philippsbarg( Alsace) 316.
|— (Baden) 352.
Philippsheim 207.
Ortenberg (Black Forest) Philippsrahe 262.
400.
— , Schloss 333.
Osterath 66.
Osterbach 413.
Philippstein 220.
Pirmasenz 300.
Pisport 201. ,
Plaidt 102. jle
INDEX.
451
Plankstftdt 275.
Platte, the 153. 144.
Flatten 198.
PlattenhQf 41Q.
Plattig, tlie 389.
Plittersdorf 69.
Point du Jour 1T7.
PoUch 202.
Poltepsdorf 194.
Ponunern 193'.
Poppelfldorf 89.
Popz 68.
Posthalde 414.
Poutay 330.
Poutroye, La 342.
Praest 18.
Prag 438.
Prechthal, the 412.
Prensaisch-Uedem 58.
Prinzenkopf 195. 130.
Priim 205.
Puberg 316.
Paderbach 219.
Pulvermaar, the 209.
Punderich 197. 199.
Patafeld 101.
auadrath 16.
Queich, the 290. 299.
Quiddelbach 102. '
Quint, the 198. 202.
Quirscheid 173.
Babenlei, the 81.
BachUg.200.
Radolfzell 435.
Raeren 13.
Bamberg 289.
Ramersdorf 69.
Ramsohied 125.
Ramstein 207. 294. 333.
408.
Randeck, ruin 107.
Ransbach 84. 299.
Rappenfels 402.
Rappoltsweiler 338. 321.
Rasselstein 76.
Raatatt 361.
Ratb^mhausen 333.
Ri"^ ^samhausen-Stein
629. 335.
ilaubach 219.
Rauentha] 142.
Raumiinzach 393.
Raunheim 240.
Rauschermiihle, the 102.
Ravenna-Thai, the 414.
Rebhaus 383*
Reden 173.
Rees 18.
Rehberg, the 299.
Rehweiler 294.
Reichartshaiuen 133.
Reichelsheim 262.
Reichenau, island 435.
Reichenbach (Odenwald)
260.
(Hurgthal) 394.
— (Schutterthal) 376.400,
— (near Rippoldsan) 407.
Reichenberg (Rhine) 121.
— (Odenwald) 262.
Reichenstein (Neckar)
" (Rhine) 126. !
— (Roer Valley) 13. I
Reichenthal 392.
Reichenweier 340.
Reichersberg 190.
Reichshofen 814.
Reichswald 58 59.
Reifenberg, ruin 83.
Reifferscheid, ruin 203<
Reil 197. 199.
Reilkirch 199.
Reimerzhofen 1(X).
Reinerzau 408.
Reinhardslnst 197.
Reinhartahausen 134.
Reinheim 262.
Reinkopf 351.
Reinsport 201.
Reisberg, the 343.
Reiselflngen 416.
Reisenbach 263.
Reiflsen 261.
Remagen 71. 79.
Remich 189.
Remilly 174. 318.
Remomont 342.
Remschttid 65.
Remstecken 110.
Renchen 375.
Rengen 208.
Rengsdnrf 77.
Reach 207.
Reuschenberg 25.
Rezonville 178.
Rheinau 279.
, island 134.
— , hydrop. 77.
Rheinbach OOQ.
Rheinberg 62.
RheinboUen 165.
Rheinbreitbach 71. 83.
Rheinbrohl 74. 83.
Rheindiebach 125.
Rheineck 74. 83.
Rheinfelden 431.
Rheinfels 119.
Rheingau. the 131.
Rheingonheim 28S.
Rheingrafenstein 168.
Rheinhansen 62.
Rheinaheim 352.
Rheinstein 126.
Rheinweiler 386.
Rbeinzabem 298.
Rhens 115. 139.
Rheydt 60.
Rhine, Falls of the 434
— Hame Canal 317.
Rhodt 290.
Rhondorf 83.
Ribeauyill^ 339.
Richterich 60.
Riokelshau8en 435
Riedichen 429.
Rieding 317.
Rieddschingen 433.
Riedselz 0192.
Riegel 376.
Riehen 427.
Riesenmiihle 125.
Rieaensaule, the 258.
Rietburg, the 290.
Rilchingen 315.
Rimbach (Alsace) 351.
— (Hesae) 261.
Rimburg 60.
Rimmerich, the 205.
Ringelbach 397.
Ringf>heim 376.
Rinken, the 417. 418.
Rinnthal 300.
Riol 202.
Rippburg, the 290.
Rippoldsau 407.
Rissbach 200.
Riaawaaen 388.
Rittershausen 63.
Rittersturz, the 110.
Rixheim 326.
Rixingen 818.
Rochenbach 416.
Rochnsberg 129.
Rochuscapelle, the 129.
Rockenhausen 170.
Rodalben (Lorraine) 300.
— (Palatinate) 318.
Rodeck 395.
Rodelheck, the 197.
R5delheim 241. 245.
Rodenstein, ruin 2^
Roderberg 70.
Roer, the 13. 14. 15. 60.
Roetgen 13.
Rohmatt 426.
Rohnatadt 220.
Rohrbach 290. 315.
Rohrhardtsberg 404.
Roisdorf 80.
Roland Arch 70.
Rolandseck 69. 79.
Rolandswerth 69.
Romansweiler 327.
Romerkessel, the 197.
Romersberg, the 210.
Rommersdorf 69. 96.
29* ^
452
INDEX.
Bommersdorf, abbey 83.
Roncourt 178.
Bonheid0 18.
Bonadorf 60.
Boodt 189.
Bdtchwoog 293.
Bosenau, Mt. 95.
Bosenbarg, the 90.
Boaengarten 28&.
Boaenhdhe 264. 26^
Bosentt&aL conv. IttS.
Bosheim 332.
Bdarath 26.
BoasbUhl, the 39A. 896.
Boaael, the 188.
Boaaert, the 249.
Boaakopf, the 383.
Boaaatein, the 122.
Both8&2.
Bothaa 829.
Bothe Erde 18. 14.
Bothenbaoh 363.
Bdthenbaoh 403.
Bothenbachkopf 847. 861
Bothenfela (BlackForeat)
391.
— , the (Nahe) 169.
BothenkreuB 419.
Boihe Schliffkopf 896.
Bothhaus 420. m.
Bothlach 836.
Boihweil 877.
Bdtteln, Schloaa 427.
Botterdam 16.
BdttlerweUer 427.
Boierleallea 177.
Budenberg 415.
Biideaheim ISO. 141.
Badeabeiner Berg 127
Bufach 388.
Bufenhiitte 416.
Bohrberg 16.
Bohrort 19.
Buhatein, the 391.
Biilzheim 298.
Bumbach 301*
Bumbach-Thal, the 837.
Biimmingen 423.
Bumpenheim 262.
Biingadorf 69.
Bunkel 220.
Boppertaberg 180. 408.
Buppertahain 246.
Btippur 8:38.
Bu8a829.
Bilsaelaheim 240.
Buwer 202.
Saalburg, the 244. 246.
Saalea 830.
Saalhof 78.
Saar, the 173. 180. 316.
Saar-Alben 816. 318.
Saaraltdorf 818.
Saari>niekeB 178.
Saarburg (Alaaee) 817.
— (PraaaU) 181.
Saargemftnd 816. 800.
Saarlouia 180.
Saar-UaioB 818.
Saanrerden 818.
Sachaenhaaaen 224. 236.
Sackingen 481.
SaMndobel b84. 418.
Saffeabarg, the 100.
Saig 414.
St. Ail 178.
— Amarin 860.
— Anna 347.
— Arnnal 174.
— Avoid 174.
— Blaiae 880.
— Blaaien 429.
— Ghriachona 427.
Gtonovefa, ohureh 102.
— Oeorgen 404. 886.
— Qilgen 346.
— Ooar 119. 189. 141.
— aoarahaoaen 120. 141.
— Hubert 177.
— Ilgen 862.
— Ingbert 800.
— Johaan (Saarbrucken)
178.
(near Zabern)818.
(near Kayen) 207.
— Kreuts 387.
Ludwlg 826. 886.
— Margen 418.
— Martin 290.
— Matthevr 188.
— Morits 836.
— Nabor 383.
St OttUien 383.
— Peter 413.
— Philip 337.
— Pilt fel.
— Prirat 178.
Sebaatian 77.
— Thomaa, lun. aaylum
78.
, monaat. 206.
— Tnidpert 426.
— Vith 13. 206.
— Vitua, Grotto of 319.
— Wendel 173.
— Wilhelmer fittte 418.
— Wilhelmathal 418.
Ste. Croix-aax-Mine8387,
— Marie-aax*Chdne8l78.
aox-Minea 887.
Salm. caatle 829.
-, the 198. 202. 212.
Salmbaeh 292.
Salmrohr 198.
Salzig 118.
Salzkqpf, the 131.
Sand m.
Sandau, ialand 134.
Sandboden 480.
Sarmaheim 166.
Samstall 801.
Sasbach 376. 377.
Saabachwalden 376.
Satzvey 208.
Sanerburg, caatle 196.
Saueraberg. the 869.
Saulxuref 830.
Saurenberg, the 93.
Sauaenbnrg 423.
Saveme 816.
Sayn 83.
Schaafbere, the 372.
Schaberg 68.
Scbadeck, the 273.
Schaerbeek 2.
Schaferhof 320.
Schaferplacken 169.
SchaferplaU 319.
Schaflfhanaen 484.
Schaidt 291.
Schalkenmehrer Maar
209
Schaiierberg, the 94. 96.
Schallatadt 386.
Schameck 406.
Scbapbach 406.
SchanzeL fhe 2^.
Scharfenberg, ruin 300.
Scharfeneck, ruin 290.
Scharfenatein (Black
Foreat) 426.
— (Naaaau) 185.
Scharlachkopf. the 129.
Scharrachbergneim 828.
Scharteberg. the 206.
Sehanhof 181.
Schauenburg 268. 897.
Schauerkopf 897.
Schan-tna-Land 884.
Schaomberg 178.
Schaumburg 218.
Scheffelaee 432.
Scheibenhard 292.
Scheid 218.
Schellkopf 104.
Schenkenzell 408.
Scherhohl 291. 802.
Scherweiler 338.
Scheuem 392.
Schierstein 136. 142.
Schifferatadt 288. 295.
Sehiflweiler 178.
Schiltach 407.
SchUteck 407.
Schimmelberg 261.
Sehindhardt §01.
Schirmeck 829.
Schladem 66. |^
INDEX.
453
Schlaferskopf, the 143.
Schlangenbad 142.
Schlebusch 63.
ScUecbtnau 426.
Schleich 202.
Schleiden 206.
Sohleiftnuhle 173.
Scbleithal 292.
Schleitheim 488.
Schlenderhahn 15.
Schlettstadt 821.
SchUengen 386.
Schlierbach 278.
Schlossbere, the (Frei*
barg) 8^.
— (Kreuznach) 187.
— (Schirmeck) 829.
— (Wildenstein) 351.
Schlucbsee 419.
Schlucht, the 846.
Scbliicht-Thal, the 483.
SchlnUenbacb 361.
Schmalbach 398.
Schmalenstein 353.
Schmelze 481.
Schmelzer-Thal 96.
Schmidtheim 203.
Schmitten 249.
Schneeberg, the 328 331.
Schneebnrg 8'^8. 413.
Schneidhain 246.
Schnellerts. ruin 262.
Schnierlach 342.
Schoden 181.
Schollenbach 263.
Schomberg 407.
Schonach 404.
Schdnaa (Odenwald) 274.
— (Palatinate) 301.
Schonaa(Wie8enthaI)426.
— , chat. 432.
Schonberg (Hesse) 260.
— (Black Forest) 400.
— (Freiburg) 888.
Schonburg, ruin 122.
SchSnecken 205.
Schonenbach 406.
SchSnenberg 424.
Schonenbudien 424.
Schonengrund 898.
Schdnmattenwae 261.
Schonmiinzach 3^.
Schdnstein, ch&teau 66.
Schonthal 12. 289.
Schonwald 409.
Schopfheim 426.
Schramberg 407.
Schrannenbach 360.
Schriesheim 258.
Schriesbelmerhof 361.
Schubergfelsen 423.
Schuld 101.
Schtttter-TUl 376. 401.
Schwabenschanze 397.
Schwabweiler 292.
Schwalbach 148.
Schwanenwasen 389.
Schwanheim 240. 301.
Schwarzach 374.
Schwarze 430.
Schwarzenacker 295.
Schwarzenberg 393. 411.
Schwarzenbom 212.
Schwarzenburg, ruin 345.
Schwarzenkopf, the 391.
Schwarze See, the 348.
Schwarzhalde, the 420.
Schwarz-Bheindorf 68.
Schwarzsee 432.
Schwarzwald 386.
Schwedenschanze 898.
Schweich 198. 202.
Schweighausen 814.
Schweigmatt 426.
Schweighof 424.
Schweizerthal (St. Goar)
120.
— (near Ems) 216.
Schwelm 65.
Schweppenburg, the 103,
Schwetzingen 275.
Sechtem 80.
Seebach 407.
-, the 891. 407.
Seebrugg 420.
Seebuck, the 417.
Seeheim 255.
Seekopf 390.
Seelach, the 370.
Seelbach 376.
Seelenborn 347.
Segendorf 77.
Sehl 194.
Sehringen 433.
Selfen 319.
Seligenstadt 263.
Sellhof 82.
Selters 219.
Selz 298.
Sembach 170. 286.
Senhals 194.
Senheim 194.
Sennheim 849.
Sentheim 351.
Serrig 181.
Servigny 179.
Sesenheim !!^.
Seulberg 245.
Seven Mountains, the 91.
— Virgins, the 132.
Sewen 851.
Siebeldingen 299.
Siebenbom 196.
Siebengebirge 91.
Siedelsbrunn 261.
Siedlgkopf 400. .
Siegburg 66.
Siegen 66.
Siegfried sbrunnen 393.
Slerck 189.
Sierentz 326.
Siershahn 84. 219.
Sigolsheim 341.
Silz 291.
Simmem 165.
Simonswald 411.
Singen 435. 406.
Sinn 66.
Sinzheim 374.
Sinzig 79.
Sirnitz 424.
Sitfard 60.
Sobernheim 171.
Soden 248.
Sohlberg, the 396.
Solingen 63.
Sollig, the 196.
Sollingen 353.
Sommerau 404.
Sondemheim 298.
Sonnborn 63.
Sonneck 417.
Sonnenberg 154.
— (Nahe) 172.
Sooneck 126.
Sophienhof 94.
Sophienruhe (near
Baden) 389.
— (Badenweiler) 422.
Sourbrodt 13.
Spa 3.
Sparsbrod 821
Speicher 307.
Speierskopf 158.
Spesburg 335.
Speyer 2i95.
Spicheren 174.
Spicherer Berg 174.
Spiesshom 418.
Spitzenstein 120.
Sponeck 877.
Sponheim 169.
Sporen-Insel 814,
Sprendlingen 285.
Springirsbach 197.
Stadtkyll 204.
Stahlberg, castle 134.
Stahleck, castle 135.
Stambach 317.
Stammheim 25.
Starkenburg, the (Hes<
se) 267.
. (Moselle) 199.
Staudemheim 171.
Staufen(Milnsterthal)425.
885.
.— , the (near Thann) 349.
— , the QroiBe 372.
— , the Klelne 37^.^
454
INDEX.
Staufenberg (Badeu) 872.
— , casUe S75.
Staafenburg, the 435.
Stavelot 13.
Stecklewaldkopf 403.
Steeg 124.
Steele 68.
Steffelfberg 291.
Stegen 413.
Steig 414.
Steigerskopf, the 391.
Stein, Burg (Nassau) 217.
— (near Sayn) 83.
Steinach 401.
Steinbach (Odenwald)
263.
— (near Baden) 374.
Steinbeck 63.
Steinberg, the 134.
Steinborn 205.
Steinbnrg 316.
Steinebere 208.
Steinen ^.
Steinfel^ 291.
— , abbey 203.
Steingriin 401. 412.
Steinig 861.
Steinthal 330.
Steinthalskopf 99.
Steinwenden 294.
Stenzelberg, the 95.
Stephanfeld 316.
Sterkrade 19.
Stern-See, the 350.
Sterrenberg 118.
Stetten 427.
Stickelmiihle, the 154.
Stieringen 174.
Stockberg 423.
Stockleberg 419.
Stockhausen 220.
Stockatadt 250.
Stolberg 14.
Stolzeneck 274.
Stolzenfels 113.
Stoppelberg 221.
Stossweier 846.
Stotzheim 333.
Strahlenburg, the 258.
Strassburg 302.
Strasa-Ebersbach 66.
Strohn 210.
Stromberg 165.
Strotzbusch 197.
Struthof 329.
Stuben, monast. 195.
Stiihle 423.
Stiihlingen 433.
Styrum 62.
Suchteln 61.
Suggenthal 411.
Sulz unterm Walde 292.
Sulzbach (Alsace; 345.
Solzbach (Baden) 897.
— (near Saarbriieken)
173.
— (on the Kahe) 172.
— (near Soden) 247.
Sulzbad 328.
Sulzburg 385.
Sulzer Belchen, the 849.
Sulzern 846.
Sulzmatt 828.
Snndgan, the 824. 325.
Snndhofen 385.
Siirth 68.
Taben 181.
Tannchel, the 388.
Tanneckfela 344.
Tannenberg 267.
Tannenfela 394.
Tannenkirch 388.
Tannenstein 836.
Tanbenschlagfelsen 316.
Taunus, the 240.
Tempelhof, the (Nieder-
breisig) 74.
— (Moselle) 191.
Teterehen 174. 190.
Tetingen 174.
Teufelsberg, the 290.
Teufelflkadrich 126.
Teafelskanzcl 372. 400.
Teafelakiiche 408.
Teufelsleiter 293.
Teufelsloch 101.
Teufelsmiihle 388. 892.
Teufelsstein, the 288.
Thalhans 275.
Thalmuhle 406.
Thann 349. .
Thanner Hiibel 350.
Thannweiler 336.
Thayingen 435.
Theisbergstegen 294.
Thennenbronn 408.
Theodorshalle 168.
Thiengen 433.
Thionville 190..
Tholey 173.
Thorn, chat. 189.
Thornich 202.
Thron 201.
Thurant, ruin 192.
Thurmberg, the 358.
Thurnberg, ruin 119.
Thurner, the 413.
Tiefenbach 316.
Tiefenbaeh-Thal, the 201
Tiefenhausern 430.
Tiefenstein 431.
Tiefenthal 142.
Tirlemont 2.
Titisee, the 416.
Todtenkopf 377.
Todtmooa 428.
TodtmoosAn 423.
Todtnau 425.
Todtnauberg 426.
Todtnauer Hiitte 418.
Tomberg, ruin 208.
Tonnerre, Mont 286.
Tonnisstein, hatha 103.
Traben 199.
Traisa 262.
Trarbach 199.
Trechtingshausen 126.
139.
Treis 193.
Treitelskopf 290.
Trhvea 182.
Triberg 402.
Triefenthal 289.
Triembach 336.
Trier 182.
Trifelfl 299.
Trimbom 12.
Trips, ch&teau 60.
Trittenhelm 201.
Trittscheid 209.
Troiadorf 65.
Trois Epia 346.
Tromm, the 261.
Trompet 62.
Tronville 178.
Trooz, Le 3.
Truttenhausen 388.
Trutzeltz 198.
Tschiflflick 800.
Tullinger Hohe 427.
Tuni-Berg, the 384.
Tiirkheim 344.
Tiirkismiihle 173.
Xn)8Udt 352.
Ueckingen 190.
Uedem 58. •
Uedersdorf 210.
Uehlingen 433.
Uerdingen 62.
Uerafeld 208.
Uerzig 200. 198.
Uesbach, the 196.
Uffhauaen 386.
Ulmen 203.
Ulmene^ Haar 208.
Unadingen 416.
Ungersberg 333. 335.
Ungersheim 324.
Unkel 71. 88.
Unter-Absteinach 261.
Unter-Aha 418.
Unter-Barmen 68.
Unter-Barville 318.
Untereggingen 433.
Untereaehbaeh 26.
Unter-Grombach 352.
jQnterhallAU 433.
INDEZ.
455
Unter-H&rmersbach 398.
Vnterkiniaeh 404.
Unterlenskirch 419.
Unter-Maubach 15.
Uniermulten 424.
rnter-Preehihal 412.
Unter-Baidelbach 260.
Untersee, the 435.
Unter-Simonswald 411.
Unteriimatt 390.
IJnterwasserthal, the 395.
Urbach 65. 330. 342.
Urbar 112. 78. 120.
Urbeis 342.
Urbia 350.
Urft 203.
rrmatt 329.
Urmersbach 206.
Urmitz 77.
Urnagold 393.
Urstein 331.
Usingen 245.
Utrecht 17.
Utsch 206.
Utzenfeld 426.
Utzenth 208.
Val-de-Vill^ 836.
Vallendar 84. 77.
Vallorysthal 318.
Valwig 194.
Yaudrefange 180.
Veenendaal 17.
Veitakopf, the 104.
Veldenz 201.
Vellen 101.
Veluwe, the 17.
Vendenheim 293. 815.
Venlo 16. 61.
Verdun 177.
Vern^viUe 178.
Vernich 202.
Verviera 3.
Vetzberg 67.
Veynau 203.
Victoriaberg, the 72.
Vieille-Montafne 8. 13.
Viernheim 258.
Vierseenplatz, the 117.
Viersen 61.
Vilbel 68. 289.
Villingen 404.
Villmar 220.
VionviUe 178.
Virneberg 71.
Virneburg 207.
Vogelbacb 422. 423.
YogelAkopf 391.
Vogisheim 422.
Vohrenbach 406.
Vohwinkel 63.
VolkeraweUer 800.
VaiUingen 180.
Vollerdingen 316.
Vollrads 183.
Volpertshausen 221.
Vorbrnck 329.
Vorder-Langenbach 394.
Vorder-Seebach 395.
Vorder-Weidenthal 301.
Vorgebirge, the 16. 80.
Vorst 61.
Vosges, the 326.
Voyemont 330.
Wachenberg 257.
Wachenheim (Bheniah
Hesse) 288.
— (Palatinate) 2S6.
Wacht, the 429.
Wachtenburg, the 288.
Wadenheim 98.
Wadgassen 180.
Wagensteig-Tha],thc418.
Waghausel 279.
Wagnersberg, the 420.
Wahlen 261.
Wahlenburg 323.
Wahlheim 285.
Wahn 65.
Waibatadt 275.
Walbach 346.
Waldau 410.
Waldbockelheim 170.
Waldbroel 66.
Waldeck, ruin 192.
Waldersbach 330.
Waldesheim 25.
Waldfriede 171.
Waldhof 250.
WaldkaUenbach 274.
V/aldkirch 411.
Wald-Leiningen 263.
Waldmichelbach 261.
Waldaberg 384.
Waldaee (near Baden)
373.
- (near Freiburg) 383.
Waldshut 432.
Walheim 18.
Walldorf 250. 852.
Wallerfangen 180.
Walleraheim 78.
Wallertheim 286.
Wallhauaen 173.
Walporzheim 99.
Wambach 143.
Wangen 327.
Wangenburg 323.
Wanzel 336.
Wansenau 299.
Warden 15.
Waremme 2.
Warenburg, the 405.
Warteaberg, the 310.
Warth, the 208.
Waaen 426.
Waaenberg, the 316.
Wasenburg, the 815.
Wasenweiler 384.
Waagau, the- 300.
Washolder Hof 101.
Waaigenatein, the 302.
Waaperweiler 318.
Wasaelnheim 327.
Wasaenach 104.
Wasserbillig 189.
WaaaerUeach 189.
Weberley, the 210.
Wecker 189.
Weeze 67.
Weg 428.
Wegelnburg. the 301.
Wegacheid 361.
Wehen 148.
Wehlen 200.
Wehr 437. 428.
Wehra-Thal 428.
Wehrbuach, the 206.
Wehrheim 246.
Weibera 104.
Weidenbach 101.
Weidenthal 298.
Weier im Thai 345.
Weiher 261.
Weilbach (Tannna) 241.
— (Odenwald) 263.
Weilburg 220.
Weiler 336. 360. 104.
Weilerawiat 202.
Weilerthal 336.
WeilmCmater 220.
WeUthal 230.
Weinbiet, the 289.
Weinfelder Kirche 209.
— Maar 209.
Weingarten 352.
Weinheim 257.
Weinweg, the 259.
Weiaenbaoh 892.
Weiaenheim 281.
Weiames 18.
Weiaa 82.
— . the 841.
Weisaenburg 291.
Weiaaenfela 169.
Weiaaenthnrm 77. 78.
Weiaae See, the 343.
Weiaakirchen 241.
Weiaatannhdhe 415.
Weitersburg 84.
Welteratadt 261.
Weizen 483.
Wekmund 833.
WelgeaheUn 286.
Welkenhanaen 8.
Wellen 189.
Welleaweiler 295.
Wellmicb 119. 14^.^
456
INDEX.
Welschbruch 829. 836.
Welfdilngen 406.
Wembacb 436.
Wcndel 174.
Wendelsheim 285.
Wendelstedthohe 80.
Wengelsbach 902.
Wengerobr 198.
Weinberg 101.
Werlaa mines 119.
Wermelskircben 68.
Wernerseck, ruin 102.
Werrach ,438.
Wersehweiler 296.
Werth 14.
Weacl 18.
Wefteliiig 68.
Wesserling 860.
Westerbure 219.
Westheim 296.
Westhofen 280. 828.
Westphalen'sche Au 134.
Westrich, the 293.
Wetterberg, the 900.
Wettsteinhohe 343.
Wetzlar 290.
Weyelinghoyen 16.
Weyersbach 310.
Weyersheim 299.
Wichelahof, the 68. 8(
Wickrfttb 60.
Widdig 68.
Wiebelflbach 262. 263.
Wiebelskirchen 178.
Wieden 426.
Wiedenereck 426.
Wiedenfelsen 888.
Wiehre 883. 412.
Wierschem 192.
Wies 189.
Wiesbaden 146.
Wiesenscheid 204
Wiesenthal 279.
-, the 426. 426.
Wiesloch 362.
Wilchingen 433.
Wildbad 363.
WUdenburg, the 198. 263.
Wildenatein 347. U67.
Wildfrauhaus 269.
Wildgatach-Thal 410.
Wildschapbach-Thal 399.
Wildsee, the 364. 891.
WUdstein 199.
Wilferdingen 368.
Wilgartswiesen 800.
Wilhelmsbad 283.
Wilhelmsplati 289.
Wilhelmstein 60.
WiUerwald 318.
Wilmshansen 260.
Wilseck 306.
Wiltingen 181.
Wilwiaheim 316.
Wimmenaa 316.
Wincheringen 189.
Windeck (Bergstrasse)
267
- (Siegthal) 66.
Winden (near Diiren)
16.
- (Palat.) 291.
Windhausen 118.
WindkMf 402.
Windschlag 376.
Windstein 302.
Wineck 302.
Wingen 316.
Winkel 133. 141.
Winneburg 194.
Winningen 191.
Winnweiler 170.
Winterberg, the (near
Ems) 215.
— , the (Spicheren) 174.
— , the Orosse 816.
Winterborg 169.
Winterich 201.
Winterkasten 269.
Winterswyk 19.
Winterwerb 116.
Winzenheim 344.
Winzingen, ch&t. 289.
Wirft 204.
Wisch 339.
Wisneck 418.
Wissen 66.
Wiapei^Thal, the 126.
Wittelsheim 824.
Wittlich 198.
Wittlingen 423.
Witznauer Miihle 488.
Woippr 179.
Wolf 200.
Wolfach 406.
Wolfhezen 17.
Wolflsheim 330.
Wolflingen 316.
Wolfsberg, the 208.
Wolfsbrunnen, the 271.
- Inn 396.
Wolfsburg, ruin 289. 293
Wolfsgarten 16.
Wolfskehlen 250. 354.
Wolfskirchen 818.
Wolfsschhicht 276. 372.
Wolfstein 294.
Wolkenburg, the 94.
Wollbach 4^
Wdllstein 386.
Wolterdingen 406.
Wonsheim 170.
Worms 281.
Worringen 66.
Worrstadt 286.
Worsdorf 349.
W6rth (Alsace) 292.
— (Palatinate) 298.
— , eh&t 434.
Wupper, the 26. 63. 65.
Wiirgersdorf 66.
WUrselen 16.
Wutach, the 433.
Wyhlen 431.
Zanten 68.
Tach404.
Yburg, castle 374.
Zabem 316.
Zabemer Senke 817.
ZahlbMsh 166.
Zahringen 377.
Zarten 413.
Zastler-Thal, the 418.
Zeiger, the 418.
Zeilhard 263.
Zeiskam 298.
Zeiat 17.
Zell (on the Harmers-
bach> 400
— (Hoselle) 198.
ZeU (Miimlingthal) 268.
— (Palatinate) 286.
— (Wiesenthal) 436.
Zellenberg 340.
Zeller Blauen, the 436.
Zeltingen 300.
Zendscheid 306.
Zevenaar 18. 69.
Zewen 181.
Ziegelhausen 273.
Ziegelkopf, the 402.
ZUlisheim 325.
Zinzel-Thal, the 916.
Zollhaus 144. 121.
Zollners-Miihle, the 120.
Zons 66.
Zom, the 293. 298.
Zotzenbach 261.
Zotzenheim 286.
Zulpich 303.
Zusenhofen 397.
Zweibriicken 300.
Zweibriiggen 60.
Zweribach-Fall, the 410.
Zwickgabel 394.
Zwieselberg, the 409.
Zwingenberg 256. 274.
UIP.U: Prioted br Breitkopf «d H«@^jQg(g
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